Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy CT and MRI

III Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volume 2 Thorax, Abdomen, and ...

Author: Torsten B. Moller | Emil Reif

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III

Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volume 2 Thorax, Abdomen, and Pelvis Torsten B. Moeller, M. D.

Emil Reif, M. D.

Am Caritas-Krankenhaus Dillingen/Saar Germany

Am Caritas-Krankenhaus Dillingen/Saar Germany

Second Revised Edition 418 Illustrations

Thieme Stuttgart · New York 2001 Moeller, Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy, Vol. 2 © 2001 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

IV Library of Congress Cataloging-in Publication Data is available from the publisher

This book is a completely revised and enlarged new edition based on the 2nd German edition published and copyrighted 2000 by Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany. Title of the German Edition: Taschenatlas der Schnittbildanatomie 1st German edition 1993 1st English edition 1994 1st Japanese edition 1994 1st Spanish edition 1995 1st Greek edition 1995 1st French edition 1996 2nd German edition 2000 © 1994, 2001 Georg Thieme Verlag Rüdigerstrasse 14, D-70469 Stuttgart, Germany Thieme New York, 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10001 USA Typesetting by primustype Robert Hurler GmbH 73274 Notzingen, Germany Printed in Germany by Grammlich, Pliezhausen

ISBN 3-13-125602-8 (GTV) ISBN 0-86577-872-8 (TNY)

12345

Important Note: Medicine is an everchanging science undergoing continual development. Research and clinical experience are continually expanding our knowledge, in particular our knowledge of proper treatment and drug therapy. Insofar as this book mentions any dosage or application, readers may rest assured that the authors, editors, and publishers have made every effort to ensure that such references are in accordance with the state of knowledge at the time of production of the book. Nevertheless, this does not involve, imply, or express any guarantee or responsibility on the part of the publishers in respect to any dosage instructions and forms of application stated in the book. Every user is requested to examine carefully the manufacturer’s leaflets accompanying each drug and to check, if necessary in consultation with a physician or specialist, whether the dosage schedules mentioned therein or the contraindications stated by the manufacturers differ from the statements made in the present book. Such examination is particularly important with drugs that are either rarely used or have been newly released on the market. Every dosage schedule or every form of application used is entirely at the user’s own risk and responsibility. The authors and publishers request every user to report to the publishers any discrepancies or inaccuracies noticed.

Some of the product names, patents, and registered designs referred to in this book are in fact registered trademarks or proprietary names, even though specific reference to this fact is not always made in the text. Therefore, the appearance of a name without designation as proprietary is not to be construed as a representation by the publisher that it is in the public domain. This book, including all parts thereof, is legally protected by copyright. Any use, exploitation, or commercialization outside the narrow limits set by copyright legislation, without the publisher’s consent, is illegal and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to photostat reproduction, copying, mimeographing or duplication of any kind, translating, preparation of microfilms, and electronic data processing and storage.

Moeller, Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy, Vol. 2 © 2001 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

V

Dedicated to our parents, Alfred and Friedel Möller Dr. Emil and Edith Reif in love and gratitude


VI


VII

Preface to the Second Edition The success of the first edition of the Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy was very gratifying. The numerous foreign-language translations, plus the many positive responses and constructive criticisms, motivated us to improve the book further. We realized that significant technological advances had been made since the first edition, especially in sectional imaging procedures (subsecond spiral CT scanning, latest MR imagers). Resolved to go more than just “half way,” we replaced all of the original images and color line drawings with new ones. As a result, this volume is more than just a second edition, more than a revision. It even includes a completely new chapter on vascular and biliary tract imaging. We retained an important feature of the first edition: a wealth of information presented in a user-friendly form. As before, the material is organized according to a strict format that makes use of multicolored text and small schematic drawings that include special views of the pulmonary and hepatic segments, for example. Once again, many dedicated colleagues helped us in completing this book. Selecting a few names for special recognition, we express sincere thanks to Brigitte Schild, Pia Saar-Schneider, Sabine Mattil, Monika Baumann, Andrea Kinsinger, Claudia Zimmer, and Dr. Markus Bach. Dillingen, October 2000

Torsten B. Möller and Emil Reif


VIII

Contents Thorax CT of the Thorax, axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MRI of the Thorax, sagittal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MRI of the Thorax, coronal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulmonary Vessels, MR-Angiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MR-Mammography, axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 31 46 58 60

Abdomen CT of the Abdomen, axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MRI of the Abdomen, sagittal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MRI of the Abdomen, coronal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Renal Artery, MR-Angiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MR-Angiography of the Coeliac Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MR-Angiography of the Splenic and Portal Veins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MR-Cholangiopancreatography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

62 110 128 140 142 144 146

Pelvis MRI MRI MRI MRI MRI MRI MRI

of of of of of of of

the the the the the the the

Female Pelvis, axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Female Pelvis, sagittal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Female Pelvis, coronal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Male Pelvis, sagittal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Male Pelvis, coronal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prostate, axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Testes, sagittal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

148 160 170 186 194 204 208

Lower Extremity MR-Angiography of the Lower Extremity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215


1

Thorax

Abdomen

Pelvis

Lower Extremity


2

CT of the Thorax

33 34 35 36 37 38

Segments of the lungs Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 2. Posterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 4. Lateral segment of middle lobe 5. Medial segment of middle lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 7. Medial basal (cardiac) segment of lower lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe

Left Lung 1+2.Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 4. Superior lingular segment 5. Inferior lingular segment 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 7. Medial basal (cardiac) segment of lower lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


axial 1

2

3

4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

1 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

1. Deltoid muscle 2. Head of humerus (head of humerus) 3. Pectoralis major muscle 4. Pectoralis minor muscle 5. Sternothyroid muscle 6. Internal jugular vein 7. Internal carotid artery 8. Longus colli muscle 9. Thyroid gland 10. Trachea 11. Esophagus 12. Sternocleidomastoid muscle 13. Vagus nerve (ramus) 14. Anterior scalene muscle 15. Brachial plexus 16. Subclavian artery 17. Joint capsule with capsular ligaments 18. Infraspinatus muscle 19. Spine of scapula

20. Coracoid process 21. Trapezius muscle 22. Medial and posterior scalenus muscles 23. Costovertebral joint (Rib 1) 24. Thoracic vertebra 1 25. Vertebral arch (lamina) 26. Supraspinous ligament 27. Spinal cord 28. Erector spinae muscle 29. Serratus anterior muscle 30. Rhomboid muscle 31. Clavicle 32. Supraspinatus muscle 33. Supraclavicular lymph nodes 34. Subclavicular lymph nodes 35. Jugular lymph nodes 36. Paratracheal lymph nodes 37. Anterior cervical lymph nodes 38. Paraesophageal lymph nodes


3

4

CT of the Thorax

34 35 36

37

1

38 39

1+2

Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe Left Lung 1+2 Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe


axial 1

2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

5

Deltoid muscle Subscapularis muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Pectoralis major muscle Clavicle Subclavius muscle Vagus nerve (ramus) Internal jugular vein Internal carotid artery Thyroid gland Trachea Sternocleidomastoid muscle Esophagus Subclavian artery Left lung Rib 1 Intercostal muscle Subclavian artery and vein Brachial plexus Teres major muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

30

31

32

33

Spine of scapula Serratus anterior muscle Rib 2 Rhomboid muscle Costovertebral joint Erector spinae muscle Thoracic vertebra 2 Spinal cord Sympathetic trunk Trapezius muscle Supraspinatus muscle Scapula Infraspinatus muscle Deep axillary lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Anterior cervical lymph nodes Paraesophageal lymph nodes Jugular lymph nodes


1

6

CT of the Thorax

36 37 38 39

3 2

1

40 41 42

3 1/2

—— = Borders of lung segments

Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 2. Posterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe Left Lung 1+2 Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe


axial 1

2

21 22 23

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

7

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

Deltoid muscle Subscapularis muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Pectoralis major muscle Right lung Rib 1 Brachiocephalic vein Clavicle Brachiocephalic artery Trachea Thymus Sternum (manubrium) Left common carotid artery Recurrent laryngeal nerve Left subclavian artery Left lung Rib 2 Intercostal muscle Axillary artery and vein Brachial plexus Teres major muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

34

35

1

Triceps brachii muscle (long head) Infraspinatus muscle Supraspinatus muscle Serratus anterior muscle Rib 3 Rhomboid muscle Erector spinae muscle Sympathetic trunk Spinal cord Thoracic vertebra Trapezius muscle Esophagus Scapula Spine of scapula Deep axillary lymph nodes Interpectoral lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Paraesophageal lymph nodes


8

CT of the Thorax

32 33 34 35

36 37

3 1 2

38

39

3 1/2

—— = Borders of lung segments

Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 2. Posterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe Left Lung 1+2 Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe


axial 1

20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

2

21

3

4

22

9

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

23 24 25 26

Deltoid muscle Subscapularis muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Pectoralis major muscle Right lung Rib Right brachiocephalic vein Right brachiocephalic artery Vagus nerve Trachea Left brachiocephalic vein Sternum (manubrium) Left common carotid artery Phrenic nerve Left subclavian artery Left lung Intercostal muscle Axillary artery and vein Rib Teres major muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle

27 28 29

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

30

31

Infraspinatus muscle Supraspinatus muscle Rhomboid muscle major Trapezius muscle Thoracic vertebra Spinal cord (thoracic part) Erector spinae muscle Esophagus Recurrent laryngeal nerve Scapula Spine of scapula Superficial axillary lymph nodes Interpectoral lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Paraesophageal lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes


10

CT of the Thorax

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

3 2 6

1

3 1/2 6

—— = Borders of lung segments Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 2. Posterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe Left Lung 1+2 Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe


axial 1

2

3

17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

20 21

Latissimus dorsi muscle Subscapularis muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Pectoralis major muscle Right lung Rib Right brachiocephalic vein Phrenic nerve Sternum (manubrium) Azygos vein Thymus Trachea Aortic arch Left lung Intercostal muscle Thoracodorsal artery Infraspinatus muscle Scapula

22 23 24 25

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

26

15

11

16

27

28

Spine of scapula Rhomboid muscle major Trapezius muscle Sympathetic trunk Erector spinae muscle Spinal cord Thoracic vertebra Thoracic duct Esophagus Teres major muscle Superficial axillary lymph nodes Interpectoral lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Paraesophageal lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes


12

CT of the Thorax

32 33 34

35 36 37 38 39 40

3

3 1/2

2 6

6

—— = Borders of lung segments Right Lung 2. Posterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe Left Lung 1+2 Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe


axial 1

17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

2

3

18

4

5

6

7

8 9 10 11 12 7 13 14 15

16

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Latissimus dorsi muscle Thoracodorsal artery Subscapularis muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Pectoralis major muscle Right lung Phrenic nerve Internal thoracic artery and vein Superior vena cava Sternum (body) Thymus Ascending aorta Recurrent laryngeal nerve Aorticopulmonary window Left lung Intercostal muscle Teres major muscle Infraspinatus muscle Scapula Rhomboid major muscle Rib

13

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

31

Right main stem bronchus Trapezius muscle Erector spinae muscle Spinal cord Thoracic vertebra Thoracic duct Esophagus Descending aorta Left main stem bronchus Teres minor muscle Tracheobronchial lymph nodes Middle mediastinal lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Paraesophageal lymph nodes Lymph nodes of the aorticopulmonary window 39. Paravertebral lymph nodes 40. Intercostal lymph nodes


14

CT of the Thorax

32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

3

3 6

6

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium

Right Lung 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe Left Lung 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe


axial 1

18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

2 3 4

19

20

5

21

15

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

22

Latissimus dorsi muscle Thoracodorsal artery Subscapularis muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Right lung Pectoralis major muscle Superior vena cava Phrenic nerve Ascending aorta Sternum Right pulmonary artery Pulmonary trunk Recurrent laryngeal nerve Left pulmonary artery Descending aorta Intercostal muscle Rib Teres major muscle Infraspinatus muscle Scapula Rhomboid major muscle

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

31

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

Trapezius muscle Right main stem bronchus Thoracic vertebra Spinal cord Esophagus Erector spinae muscle Thoracic duct Left main stem bronchus Left lung Serratus anterior muscle Intercostal lymph nodes Middle mediastinal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Paraesophageal lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes Lymph nodes of the aorticopulmonary window 40. Para-aortal lymph nodes


16

CT of the Thorax

34 35 36 37 38 34 39 40

3

3 6

6

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium Right Lung 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe Left Lung 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe


axial 1 2 3 4

18 19 20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

17

16 17

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

Latissimus dorsi muscle Long thoracic nerve Serratus anterior muscle Glandular tissue of the breast and nipple Right lung Pectoralis major muscle Right pulmonary artery Superior vena cava Internal thoracic artery and vein Ascending aorta Sternum Pulmonary trunk Rib (costal cartilage) Left pulmonary vein Left atrium Intercostal muscle Rib Teres major muscle Infraspinatus muscle Scapula

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Trapezius muscle Right inferior lobar bronchus Erector spinae muscle Thoracic vertebra Spinal cord Azygos vein Thoracic duct Esophagus Descending aorta Left inferior lobar bronchus Rhomboid muscle major Left lung Subscapularis muscle Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Para-aortal lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes


18

CT of the Thorax

33 34 35 36 37 38

33 39

5

4 5

4

6

6 10

10


Right Lung 4. Lateral segment of middle lobe 5. Medial segment of middle lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe

Left 4. 5. 6. 10.

Lung Superior lingular segment Inferior lingular segment Superior segment of lower lobe Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


axial

19

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Latissimus dorsi muscle Long thoracic nerve Serratus anterior muscle Right lung Pectoralis major muscle Right inferior lobar bronchus Superior vena cava Right auricle Internal thoracic artery and vein Left atrium Sternum Right coronary artery Ascending aorta Rib (costal cartilage) Conus arteriosus Left ventricle Left coronary artery Rib Intercostal muscle Scapula

21. Right lung in retroesophageal recess 22. Trapezius muscle 23. Erector spinae muscle 24. Thoracic vertebra 25. Azygos vein 26. Spinal cord 27. Esophagus 28. Thoracic duct 29. Descending aorta 30. Left pulmonary vein 31. Left inferior lobar bronchus 32. Left lung 33. Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes 34. Paravertebral lymph nodes 35. Parasternal lymph nodes 36. Prepericardial lymph nodes 37. Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes 38. Para-aortal lymph nodes 39. Intercostal lymph nodes


20

CT of the Thorax

38 39 40 41 42 43 38 44

5

4

4 5 8 9

8 9

10

10


Right Lung 4. Lateral segment of middle lobe 5. Medial segment of middle lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe

Left 4. 5. 8.

Lung Superior lingular segment Inferior lingular segment Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


axial 1 2 3

4

5

21

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

Latissimus dorsi muscle Thoracodorsal artery Long thoracic nerve Serratus anterior muscle Right lung Crista terminalis Superior vena cava Right atrium Internal thoracic artery and vein Right coronary artery Aortic valve Sternum Conus arteriosus Rib (costal cartilage) Left coronary artery Coronary sulcus Left ventricle Left coronary artery Phrenic nerve and pericardium Left lung Scapula Intercostal muscle

23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44.

Rib Left pulmonary vein Left atrium Trapezius muscle Erector spinae muscle Thoracic vertebra Azygos vein Spinal cord Esophagus Transverse process Costovertebral joint Thoracic duct Descending aorta Left pulmonary vein Left inferior lobar bronchus Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Prepericardial lymph nodes Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes Para-aortal lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes


22

CT of the Thorax

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 33 38

4 8 9

5

5

7

8

7 10

9 10

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium Right Lung 4. Lateral segment of middle lobe 5. Medial segment of middle lobe 7. Medial basal (cardiac) segment of lower lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe

Left Lung 5. Inferior lingular segment 7. Medial basal (cardiac) segment of lower lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


axial 1

2

19 20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Latissimus dorsi muscle Serratus anterior muscle Right lung Right atrium Internal thoracic artery and vein Right coronary artery Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve Sternum (body) Right ventricle Interventricular septum Left atrium Rib (costal cartilage) Left coronary artery (interventricular branch) Left ventricle Coronary sinus Left coronary artery (circumflex branch) Phrenic nerve and pericardium Myocardium

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

Rib Intercostal muscle Azygos vein Erector spinae muscle Trapezius muscle Spinal cord Spinous process Esophagus Sympathetic trunk Thoracic duct Descending aorta Left lung Paramammary lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Lateral pericardial lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Prepericardial lymph nodes Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes Para-aortal lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes


23

24

CT of the Thorax

30 31 32 33 34 35 36

4 8 9

5

5

7

8 7

10

9

10

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium Right Lung 4. Lateral segment of middle lobe 5. Medial segment of middle lobe 7. Medial basal (cardiac) segment of lower lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10 Posterior basal segment of lower lobe



axial 1

2

17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

3

4

25

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Latissimus dorsi muscle Intercostal muscle Rib Right lung Inferior vena cava Internal thoracic artery and vein Right atrium Xiphoid process Right coronary artery Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve Coronary sinus Rib (costal cartilage) Right ventricle Circumflex branch of left coronary artery Left ventricle Phrenic nerve and pericardium Serratus anterior muscle

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

Sympathetic trunk Thoracic vertebra Trapezius muscle Erector spinae muscle Esophagus Spinal cord Azygos vein Thoracic duct Vagus nerve Descending aorta Left lung Myocardium of the left ventricle Paravertebral lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Prepericardial lymph nodes Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes Para-aortal lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes Lateral pericardial lymph nodes


26

CT of the Thorax

23 24 25 26 27 28 29

5

5 7

8 9

10

10

8 9

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium Right Lung 5. Medial segment of middle lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe



axial 1

2

12

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

3

4

13

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Serratus anterior muscle Rib Intercostal muscle Liver Rib (costal cartilage) Diaphragm Inferior vena cava Esophagus Rectus abdominis muscle Base of heart Left lung Latissimus dorsi muscle Right lung Sympathetic trunk Azygos vein

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

Thoracic duct Spinal cord Thoracic vertebra Costovertebral joint Erector spinae muscle Descending aorta Vagus nerve Intercostal lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Para-aortal lymph nodes Superior phrenic lymph nodes Prepericardial lymph nodes Lateral pericardial lymph nodes


27

28

CT of the Thorax

26 27 28 29 30 31 32

5

8

9 10 10

9

—— = Borders of lung segments Right Lung 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe

Left Lung 5. Inferior lingular segment 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


axial 1 2

14

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

15

3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Intercostal muscle Rib External oblique muscle Right hepatic vein Inferior vena cava Left hepatic vein Diaphragm Vagus nerve Esophagus Liver (left lobe) Rectus abdominis muscle Stomach Left lung Latissimus dorsi muscle Liver (right lobe) Right lung

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32.

12

29

3 13

25

Sympathetic trunk Erector spinae muscle Azygos vein Thoracic duct Spinal cord Thoracic vertebra Descending aorta Posterior vagal trunk Spleen Intercostal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Para-aortal lymph nodes Superior phrenic lymph nodes Inferior phrenic lymph nodes Right gastric lymph nodes Left gastroomental lymph nodes


30

MRI of the Thorax

34 35 36

1 2

37

3

38

6

39 5

10

40

—— = Border of lung segments —— = Pericardium Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 2. Posterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 5. Medial segment of middle lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


sagittal

31

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

29 30

12

31 9

13 14

32

15

33

16 17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Jugular vein Sternothyroid muscle Sternocleidomastoid muscle Clavicle Sternoclavicular joint Superior vena cava Sternum Pectoralis major muscle Right lung Ascending aorta Right auricle Right atrium Right coronary artery Right ventricle Rectus abdominis muscle Diaphragm Hepatic veins Liver Semispinalis capitis muscle Splenius cervicis and capitis muscle

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Longus colli muscle Subclavian artery Rib Posterior intercostal artery Vertebra Trapezius muscle Azygos vein Right main stem bronchus Right pulmonary artery Intercostal muscle Pulmonary vein Erector spinae muscle Inferior vena cava Deep cervical lymph nodes Superficial cervical lymph nodes Supraclavicular lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes Posterior intercostal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes


32

MRI of the Thorax

40 41 42 43 44

1 2 3

45

6

46 10

47 5

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium (Segments of the lungs, see page 2)

1. Sternocleidomastoid muscle 2. Sternohyoid, sternothyroid and omohyoid muscle 3. Jugular vein 4. Subclavian artery 5. Clavicle

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Sternoclavicular joint Brachiocephalic trunk Sternum Superior vena cava Right lung Ascending aorta


sagittal 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

32

12

33

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

33

34 35 36 37 38 39

Pectoralis major muscle Right auricle Right coronary artery Right ventricle Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve Right coronary artery (posterior interventricular branch) Right coronary artery (terminal branch) Diaphragm Rectus abdominis muscle Liver Splenius cervicis and capitis muscle Semispinalis capitis muscle Longus colli muscle Erector spinae muscle Trapezius muscle Semispinalis thoracis muscle (multifidus muscle)

28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.

Right lung Azygos vein Trachea Right pulmonary artery Vertebra Left atrium Intervertebral space Right atrium Foramen Inferior vena cava Superior articular process Hepatic veins Thyroid lymph nodes Deep cervical lymph nodes Supraclavicular lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Subpericardial adipose tissue


34

MRI of the Thorax

41 42 43 44 45 46 47


1. Trachea 2. Sternocleidomastoid muscle 3. Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid muscle 4. Clavicle 5. Brachiocephalic trunk

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Left brachiocephalic vein Sternum (manubrium) Pericardium Right lung Ascending aorta Right pulmonary artery


sagittal 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 13 18 19 20

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

35

37 38 39 40

Right auricle Right coronary artery Interartricular septum Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve Right ventricle Xyphoid process of sternum Diaphragm Rectus abdominis muscle Liver Semispinalis capitis muscle Splenius cervicis muscle and splenius capitis muscle Serratus posterior superior muscle Rhomboid major muscle Esophagus Spinal cord Semispinalis thoracis muscle and multifidus muscle Erector spinae muscle Trapezius muscle

30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.

Spinosus process (T6) Ligamenta flava Azygos vein Sinus of pericardium Left atrium Thoracic vertebra (T9) Right atrium Intervertebral space Anterior longitudinal ligament Inferior surface of vertebral body (T12) Superior surface of vertebral body (L1) Paratracheal lymph nodes Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph node Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Tracheobronchial lymph nodes Prepericardial lymph nodes Subpericardial adipose tissue


36

MRI of the Thorax

36 37 38 39

3

40 41 42 43 44


1. 2. 3. 4.

Thyroid gland Trachea Sternothyroid muscle Sternohyoid muscle and omohyoid muscle 5. Left brachiocephalic vein

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Brachiocephalic trunk Sternum (manubrium) Left lung Ascending aorta Sternum (body) Pericardium


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

20

34

21

35

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

37

Transverse sinus of pericardium Aortic bulb and aortic valve Right coronary artery Right atrium Right ventricle Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve Xyphoid process of sternum Right coronary artery (posterior interventricular branch and right marginal branch) Diaphragm Liver Esophagus Supraspinous ligament Interspinal ligaments Spinous process Spinal cord

27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44.

Bifurcation of trachea Right pulmonary artery Ligamenta flava Thoracic vertebra Left atrium Intervertebral space Coronary sinus Descending aorta Diaphragm (lumbar part) Paratracheal lymph nodes Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes Tracheobronchial lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Subpericardial adipose tissue Superior phrenic lymph nodes Inferior phrenic lymph nodes


38

MRI of the Thorax

45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium 1. Thyroid gland 2. Sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid muscles 3. Sternocleidomastoid muscle 4. Common carotid artery 5. Clavicle 6. Sternoclavicular joint 7. Left brachiocephalic vein 8. Sternum (manubrium)

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Left lung Ascending aorta Pectoralis major muscle Pulmonary trunk Left coronary artery Aortic bulb Aortic valve Right ventricle Left ventricle


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 25 40 41 42 43 44

22

18. Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve 19. Anterior papillary muscle 20. Rectus abdominis muscle 21. Diaphragm 22. Liver 23. Semispinalis capitis muscle 24. Splenius cervicis and capitis muscle 25. Esophagus 26. Trapezius muscle 27. Posterior serratus muscle 28. Subclavian artery 29. Rhomboid major muscle 30. Semispinalis thoracis muscle and multifidus muscle 31. Aorticopulmonary window 32. Ligamenta flava 33. Left main stem bronchus

39

34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52.

Transverse sinus of pericardium Left atrium Pericardium Descending aorta Coronary sinus Erector spinae muscle Intervertebral space Anterior longitudinal ligament Inferior surface of vertebral body Superior surface of vertebral body Lumbar vertebra (L1) Thyroid lymph nodes Deep cervical lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Bronchopulmonal lymph nodes Tracheobronchial lymph nodes Subpericardial adipose tissue Prevertebral lymph nodes


40

MRI of the Thorax

44 45 46 47 48 49 50

3

51

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium (Segments of the lung, see page 2)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Thyroid gland Sternocleidomastoid muscle Left internal jugular vein Clavicle Left brachiocephalic vein Sternum (manubrium) Left lung Aortic arch

9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Aorticopulmonary window Pectoralis major muscle Left pulmonary artery Left auricle Left coronary artery (anterior interventricular branch) 14. Left coronary artery (circumflex branch)


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

24 25 26 27 28 29 7 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

21

42

22

43

23

15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.

41

Valve of pulmonary trunk Left ventricle Conus arteriosus Left atrioventricular (mitral) valve Interventricular septum Rectus abdominis muscle Right ventricle Diaphragm Liver Vertebral artery Longus colli muscle Splenius cervicis and capitis muscle Semispinalis cervicis muscle Subclavian artery Serratus posterior superior muscle and rhomboid major muscle Semispinalis thoracis muscle and multifidus muscle Trapezius muscle

32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51.

Posterior intercostal artery Head of rib Thoracic vertebra Left main stem bronchus Pulmonary veins Left atrium Coronary sinus Descending aorta Erector spinae muscle Myocardium Latissimus dorsi muscle Intercostal muscle Superficial cervical lymph nodes Deep cervical lymph nodes Posterior intercostal lymph nodes Parasternal lymph nodes Aortopulmonal lymph nodes Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes Bronchopulmonal lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes


42

MRI of the Thorax

33 34 35 36 37 38 39

1/2

3

6

10

—— = Borders of lung segments —— = Pericardium Left Lung 1+2.Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6

43

18 19 20 21 22 23 24

7 8

25

9

26

10

27

11 12 13 14

28 29 30

15

31

16

32

17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

Anterior scalene muscle Posterior scalene muscle Brachial plexus Clavicle Subclavian vein Pectoralis major muscle Left lung (upper lobe) Left pulmonary vein Left coronary artery Right ventricle Left atrioventricular (mitral) valve Posterior papillary muscle Left ventricle Costal cartilage (Rib 7) Diaphragm Rectus abdominis muscle Liver Trapezius muscle Splenius cervicis and capitis muscle 20. Subclavian artery

21. Rib 3 22. Intercostal muscle 23. Serratus posterior superior muscle and rhomboid major muscle 24. Oblique fissure 25. Left pulmonary artery 26. Left main stem bronchus 27. Left inferior pulmonary vein 28. Left lung (inferior lobe) 29. Left atrium 30. Semispinalis thoracis muscle and multifidus muscle 31. Latissimus dorsi muscle 32. Stomach 33. Nuchal lymph nodes 34. Deep cervical lymph nodes 35. Superficial cervical lymph nodes 36. Supraclavicular lymph nodes 37. Pulmonal lymph nodes 38. Intercostal lymph nodes 39. Prepericardial lymph nodes


44

MRI of the Thorax

35 36 37

1/2 3

38 4 39

6 10

—— = Borders of lung segment —— = Pericardium Left Lung 1+2.Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 4. Superior lingular segment 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


sagittal

45

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

26

8

27

9

28

10

29

11

30

12

31

13

32

14

33 34

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Brachial plexus Clavicle Anterior scalene muscle Subclavian vein Pectoralis major muscle Left lung (upper lobe) Left superior lobar bronchus Inferior lingular bronchus Left coronary artery (anterior interventricular branch) Anterior papillary muscle Left ventricle Interventricular septum Diaphragm Liver Levator scapulae muscle Trapezius muscle Medial and posterior scalene muscles Subclavian artery Scapula Posterior serratus muscle

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

Serratus anterior muscle Oblique fissure Rhomboid major muscle Intercostal muscle Rib 6 Superior lingular bronchus Left inferior pulmonary vein Left inferior lobar bronchus Left coronary artery (circumflex branch) Left lung (lower lobe) Latissimus dorsi muscle Stomach Semispinalis thoracis muscle and multifidus muscle Left kidney Nuchal lymph nodes Superficial cervical lymph nodes Supraclavicular lymph nodes Pulmonal lymph nodes Prepericardial lymph nodes


46

MRI of the Thorax

1

31

1+2

3

32 4

3

5

4 5


Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 4. Lateral segment of middle lobe 5. Medial segment of middle lobe

Left Lung 1+2. Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 4. Superior lingular segment 5. Inferior lingular segment


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

47

19 20 21

8

22

9

23 24

10

25 26 27

11 12 13 14 15 12 16 17

28 29 30

18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Thyroid cartilage Trachea Sternocleidomastoid muscle Thyroid ima artery Clavicle Sternoclavicular joint Rib 1 Pectoralis major muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Right lung Intercostal muscle Right coronary artery Right atrium Right ventricle Diaphragm Right breast (glandular tissue) Rib 6

18. Liver 19. Omohyoid, sternothyroid and sternohyoid muscles 20. Jugular notch 21. Sternum 22. Internal thoracic artery and vein 23. Sternopericardial ligaments 24. Left lung 25. Valve of pulmonary trunk 26. Conus arteriosus 27. Circumflex branch of left coronary artery 28. Left ventricle 29. Left breast (glandular tissue) 30. Phrenicomediastinal recess 31. Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes 32. Lateral pericardial lymph nodes


48

MRI of the Thorax

43 44 45

1

46

1+2

3 4

3

5

4 5


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Sternocleidomastoid muscle Right common carotid artery Phrenic nerve Subclavian artery and vein Brachiocephalic trunk Right brachiocephalic vein

7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

Superior vena cava Pectoralis major muscle Pectoralis minor muscle Ascending aorta Right lung Aortic valve


coronal

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

49

Right atrium Right breast (glandular tissue) Phrenicomediastinal recess Costodiaphragmatic recess Diaphragm Right coronary artery Right ventricle Liver Anterior scalene muscle Jugular vein and vertebral artery Clavicle Subclavius muscle Deltoid muscle Thyroid gland Trachea Thyroidea ima artery Left subclavian artery Pulmonary trunk

31. Intercostal muscle 32. Left auricle 33. Circumflex branch of left coronary artery 34. Left lung 35. Serratus anterior muscle 36. Rib 5 37. Left ventricle 38. Left breast (glandular tissue) 39. Papillary muscle of the left ventricle 40. Apex of heart 41. Spleen 42. Interventricular septum 43. Superficial cervical lymph nodes 44. Paratracheal lymph nodes 45. Supraclavicular lymph nodes 46. Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes


50

MRI of the Thorax

45

1

46

3

3

47 4 8

1+2

5 7

4 5 8


1. Longus colli muscle 2. Medial und posterior scalene muscles 3. Intervertebral disk and anterior longitudinal ligament 4. Scapula 5. Clavicle


coronal

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 29 43 44

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

6. Coracoclavicular ligament 7. Coracoid process 8. Glenoid cavitiy (articular cavity of the shoulder) 9. Subscapularis muscle 10. Axillary artery and vein 11. Superior vena cava (with azygos vein) 12. Teres major muscle 13. Right lung 14. Pulmonary veins 15. Right atrium (with oval fossa) 16. Right breast (glandular tissue) 17. Coronary sinus 18. Diaphragm 19. Serratus anterior muscle 20. Inferior vena cava 21. Liver 22. Abdominal aorta 23. Spinal cord 24. Cervical plexus 25. Trapezius muscle 26. Supraspinatus muscle

51

27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.

Subclavius muscle Head of humerus Esophagus Common carotid artery Trachea Axillary nerve Aortic arch Pulmonary trunk Left coronary artery Right pulmonary artery Left atrium Left atrioventricular (mitral) valve Left ventricle Right coronary artery Sinus phrenicomediastinalis Costodiaphragmatic recess Rib 6 Spleen Prevertebral lymph nodes Superficial and deep axillary lymph nodes 47. Paratracheal lymph nodes


52

MRI of the Thorax

44 45 46 47 48

1

1+2

3 5 8 9 7

4

3 4 5 8


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Longus colli muscle Posterior scalene muscle Cervical plexus Acromioclavicular joint Infraspinatus muscle Supraspinatus muscle

7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

Serratus anterior muscle Subscapularis muscle Trachea Azygos vein Aorticopulmonary window Right pulmonary artery


coronal

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 7 37 29 38 39 40 41 42 43

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.

Right pulmonary vein Left atrium Triceps muscle Right lung Rib 7 Costodiaphragmatic recess Diaphragm Anterior longitudinal ligament Inferior vena cava Liver Intercostal muscle Spinal cord Trapezius muscle Apical part of lung Head of humerus Glenoid cavity (articular cavity of the shoulder) 29. Esophagus 30. Left lung

53

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48.

Aortic arch Median nerve Biceps muscle Coracobrachial muscle Basilic vein Left pulmonary vein Left ventricle Phrenicomediastinal recess Diaphragm Vagal trunk and thoracic duct Abdominal aorta Spleen Kidney Prevertebral lymph nodes Paratracheal lymph nodes Axillary lymph nodes Aortopulmonal lymph nodes Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes


54

MRI of the Thorax

1+2

1 2

39

3

3 4 8

40

Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 2. Posterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 4. Lateral segment of middle lobe 7. Medial basal (cardiac) segment of lower lobe 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe

9

7

9 10

4 8

Left Lung 1+2.Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 3. Anterior segment of upper lobe 4. Superior lingular segment 8. Anterior basal segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

55 21 22 23 18 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 26

15 16 17 18

36

19

37

20

38

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Multifidus muscle Semispinalis cervicis muscle Trapezius muscle Supraspinatus muscle Shoulder (glenohumeral) joint Head of humerus Glenoid cavitiy (articular cavity of the shoulder) Teres minor muscle Right pulmonary artery Right main stem bronchus Latissimus dorsi muscle Right pulmonary veins Right inferior lobar bronchus Brachial artery and vein Right lung Diaphragm Intercostal muscle Serratus anterior muscle Liver Rib 10

21. Spinous process and interspinal ligament 22. Levator scapulae muscle 23. Spine of scapula 24. Subscapularis muscle 25. Spinal cord 26. Triceps muscle 27. Aortic arch 28. Left pulmonary artery 29. Left main stem bronchus 30. Left pulmonary vein 31. Left lung 32. Esophagus 33. Descending aorta 34. Intervertebral disk (T9-T10) 35. Thoracic vertebra (T10) 36. Costodiaphragmatic recess 37. Spleen 38. Diaphragm 39. Prevertebral lymph nodes 40. Juxtaesophageal lymph nodes


56

MRI of the Thorax

1

1+2

6

6

9 10 7

10 9

—— = Borders of lung segments Right Lung 1. Apical segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 7. Medial basal (cardiac) segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe

Left Lung 1+2.Apicoposterior segment of upper lobe 6. Superior segment of lower lobe 9. Lateral basal segment of lower lobe 10. Posterior basal segment of lower lobe


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

57 20 21

11

22 23 24 25 6 7 26

12

27

13 28

14 15

29 16 17

30

18 31

19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

32

Spinous process (7) Splenius cervicis muscle Trapezius muscle Supraspinatus muscle Scapula Intercostal muscle Subscapularis muscle Deltoid muscle Infraspinatus muscle Serratus anterior muscle Teres major muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle Right lung Right pulmonary veins Spinal nerve (T9) Diaphragm Liver

18. Ligamenta flava 19. Transversospinal muscle (of erector spinae muscle) 20. Serratus posterior superior muscle 21. Interspinal ligaments 22. Levator scapulae muscle 23. Erector spinae muscle 24. Rib 3 25. Teres minor muscle 26. Pulmonary arteries 27. Left lung 28. Spinal cord 29. Rib 9 30. Spleen 31. Longissimus muscle 32. Iliocostalis muscle


58

Pulmonary Vessels


MR-Angiography 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

1. Apical branch to the superior lobe of the right pulmonary artery 2. Apical branch of the superior right pulmonary vein 3. Ascending branch of the right pulmonary artery 4. Posterior branch of the superior right pulmonary vein 5. Posterior branch to the superior lobe of the right pulmonary artery 6. Right pulmonary artery 7. Anterior branch of the right superior pulmonary vein 8. Basal part of the right pulmonary artery 9. Superior branch to the inferior lobe of the right pulmonary artery 10. Anterior basal branch of the right pulmonary artery 11. Middle lobe branch of the right pulmonary vein 12. Medial part of the middle lobe branch of the right pulmonary vein

59

25 26 27 28 29

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

Superior right pulmonary vein Inferior right pulmonary vein Arch of aorta Pulmonary trunk Branches to upper lobe of the left pulmonary artery Left pulmonary artery Apicoposterior branch of the left superior pulmonary vein Lingular branch of the left pulmonary artery Anterior branch of the left superior pulmonary vein Left superior pulmonary vein Lingular branch of the left superior pulmonary vein Lateral basal branch of the left pulmonary artery Posterior basal branch of the left pulmonary artery Left inferior pulmonary vein Left atrium Left ventricle Descending aorta


60

MR-Mammography


axial 1 2

7

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

8

9 10

Nipple Mammary ducts and areolar ducts Skin Fatty island Cooper‘s ligaments Vein Subcutaneous fat

3

11

4

5

12

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Glandular body Pectoralis muscle Right lung Sternum Heart Anterior serratus muscle


61 6

13

62

CT of the Abdomen

4 8

2 1

7

25 26 27 29 28 30 31 32 33 34

(Numbers indicate liver segments)


axial 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

63 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Right lobe of liver External oblique muscle Inferior vena cava Caudate lobe of liver Left lobe of liver Linea alba Coeliac trunk Left gastric artery Rectus abdominis muscle Stomach Left colic flexure Diaphragm Vertebral arch Spinalis muscle Spinous process Thoracolumbar fascia Vertebral canal and spinal cord Thoracic vertebra

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 28. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

Longissimus thoracis muscle Iliocostalis muscle, thoracic part Spleen Posterior gastric artery Latissimus dorsi muscle Left lung Costodiaphragmatic recess Right subphrenic recess Bare area of liver Intercostal lymph nodes Ostium cardiacum Superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes Posterior mediastinum Cardiac notch Inferior diaphragmatic lymph nodes Left paracolic gutter


64

CT of the Abdomen

4 8

2 1

7

23 24

25 27 26 28 29

30



axial 1

2

3

4

5 6

7

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Right lobe of liver Inferior vena cava Caudate lobe of liver Hepatic portal vein Left lobe of liver Left gastric artery Rectus abdominis muscle Diaphragm Stomach Left colic flexure External oblique muscle Thoracic duct Azygos vein Abdominal aorta Thoracic vertebra Longissimus thoracis muscle

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

8

9

19

10

20

21

65 11

22

Vertebral canal and spinal cord Spinalis muscle Iliocostalis muscle, thoracic part Spleen Left lung Latissimus dorsi muscle Costodiaphragmatic recess Right subphrenic recess Bare area of liver Superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes Posterior mediastinum Inferior diaphragmatic lymph nodes Left paracolic gutter


66

CT of the Abdomen

36 37 38 39 40 41

2

4 8 1 7

42

43 44 45 46

47 48

(Numbers indicate liver segments) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Liver (right lobe) Caudate lobe of liver Inferior vena cava Hepatic portal vein Rectus abdominis muscle

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Round ligament of liver Left lobe of liver Duodenum (descending part) Linea alba Superior mesenteric artery


axial 1

2

3

4

5

67

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Coeliac trunk Stomach Splenic vein Pancreas Jejunum Transverse colon Descending colon Left colic vein External oblique muscle Diaphragm Azygos vein Iliocostalis muscle, thoracic part Thoracic duct Thoracic vertebra Spinalis muscle Vertebral canal and spinal cord Abdominal aorta Hemiazygos vein Longissimus thoracis muscle Suprarenal artery

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

Left suprarenal gland Left kidney Left lung Latissimus dorsi muscle Spleen Hilum of liver Notch for round ligament Hepatoduodenal ligament Epiploic foramen Omental bursa/Greater omentum Pancreatic lymph nodes Right subphrenic recess Hepatic lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes 46. Posterior mediastinum 47. Hilum of spleen 48. Left paracolic gutter


68

CT of the Abdomen

32

33 34 35 36

4

37

3

5 6

38

39 40 41 42 43 44 45

(Numbers indicate liver segments) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Right lobe of liver Hepatic artery Gallbladder Bile duct Duodenum (superior part) Round ligament of liver


axial 1

2 3 4 5 6

7

8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

69 16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

Hepatic portal vein Left lobe of liver Stomach Splenic vein Rectus abdominis muscle Pancreas (tail) Jejunum Transverse colon Descending colon External oblique muscle Hepatic portal vein Inferior vena cava Diaphragm Thoracic vertebra Abdominal aorta Longissimus thoracis muscle Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Superior mesenteric artery Left suprarenal gland

27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

Iliocostalis muscle, thoracic part Left kidney Left lung Spleen Latissimus dorsi muscle Right subphrenic recess Notch for round ligament Superior duodenal recess Greater omentum Superior mesenteric lymph nodes Left paracolic gutter Costodiaphragmatic recess Hilum of liver Intercostal lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes 43. Aortic hiatus 44. Posterior mediastinum 45. Renal fascia


70

CT of the Abdomen

4

3

5 6

30 31

32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39



axial 1

2

3

4

5 6 7

8

71

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Liver (right lobe) Inferior vena cava Gallbladder Rectus abdominis muscle Duodenum (descending part) Liver (left lobe) Hepatic portal vein Splenic vein Left suprarenal gland Pancreas (body) Transverse colon Jejunum Internal oblique muscle Descending colon External oblique muscle Iliocostalis muscle, thoracic part Diaphragm Thoracic vertebra Spinal nerve Spinalis muscle

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

Vertebral canal Abdominal aorta Superior mesenteric artery Longissimus thoracis muscle Left kidney Renal pyramids Renal sinus Latissimus dorsi muscle Spleen Costodiaphragmatic recess Subphrenic recess Cystic lymph nodes Intercostal lymph nodes Vestibule of omental bursa Lumbar lymph nodes Superior mesenteric lymph nodes Renal fascia Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


72

CT of the Abdomen

4 5 6

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37



axial 1

14

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

2

15

3

4

5

16 17

Liver Inferior vena cava Gallbladder Rectus abdominis muscle Duodenum (descending part) Pancreas (head) Superior mesenteric artery and vein Left renal vein Transverse colon Jejunum Internal oblique muscle Descending colon External oblique muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle Renal cortex Right kidney Quadratus lumborum muscle Diaphragm Vertebral canal

6

7

8

9

10

11 12

73 13

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

Spinalis muscle Thoracic vertebra Longissimus thoracis muscle Psoas major muscle Iliocostalis muscle, thoracic part Abdominal aorta Renal pyramids Renal sinus Costodiaphragmatic recess Subphrenic recess Hepatorenal recess Intercostal lymph nodes Inferior duodenal recess Lumbar lymph nodes Greater omentum, omental bursa (inferior recess) 35. Renal fascia 36. Left mesentericocolic gutter 37. Left paracolic gutter


74

CT of the Abdomen

4 5 6

34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41



axial 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 11 12 13

14 15 16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Liver Right renal vein Inferior vena cava Gallbladder Right colic flexure Duodenum Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery and vein Superior mesenteric artery and vein Left renal vein Inferior mesenteric vein Transverse colon Rectus abdominis muscle Jejunum Internal oblique muscle Descending colon External oblique muscle Right kidney Renal pyramids Iliocostalis muscle, thoracic part Right renal artery

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41.

Quadratus lumborum muscle Psoas major muscle Diaphragm Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Thoracic vertebra Ascending lumbar vein Longissimus thoracis muscle Abdominal aorta Left renal artery Renal sinus Renal calices Latissimus dorsi muscle Hepatorenal recess Intercostal lymph nodes Inferior duodenal recess Lumbar lymph nodes Greater omentum Renal fascia Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


75

76

CT of the Abdomen

5 6

31

32 33 34 35 36 37



axial 1

16 17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

2

3 4 5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

Liver Right renal artery Gallbladder Right colic flexure Doudenum Inferior vena cava Superior mesenteric artery and vein Abdominal aorta Left renal vein Transverse colon Rectus abdominis muscle Jejunum Descending colon Internal oblique muscle External oblique muscle Right kidney Renal pyramids Quadratus lumborum muscle

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

13 14 15

28 29 30

Renal cortex Psoas major muscle Diaphragm Thoracic vertebra Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Lumbar artery and vein Longissimus thoracis muscle Left renal artery Iliocostalis muscle Renal pelvis Latissimus dorsi muscle Hepatorenal recess Intercostal lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Greater omentum Renal hilum Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


77

78

CT of the Abdomen

5 6

33 34 35 36 37 38

39 40



axial 1

18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Liver Right renal artery Gallbladder Right colic flexure Duodenum Rectus abdominis muscle Inferior vena cava Superior mesenteric artery and vein Transverse colon Duodenojejunal flexure Abdominal aorta Jejunal and ileal arteries and veins Renal vein Jejunum Descending colon Internal oblique muscle External oblique muscle Renal cortex Renal pelvis Longissimus thoracis muscle

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Diaphragm Thoracic vertebra Spinalis muscle Vertebral canal Lumbar artery and vein Psoas major muscle Left testicular artery Quadratus lumborum muscle Left renal artery Iliocostalis muscle Renal pyramids Latissimus dorsi muscle Hepatorenal recess Renal hilum Intercostal lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Greater omentum Root of mesentery Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


79

80

CT of the Abdomen

5 6

32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41



axial 1

2

18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11

12 13 14 15 16 17

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Liver Renal vein Right colic flexure Ileum Inferior vena cava Transverse colon Duodenum Right testicular artery Superior mesenteric artery and vein Ileal and jejunal arteries and veins Left testicular artery and vein Renal vein Jejunum Transversus abdominis muscle Internal oblique muscle Descending colon External oblique muscle Right kidney Renal sinus (adipose tissue) Quadratus lumborum muscle

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41.

31

Psoas major muscle Right lumbar vein Diaphragm Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Lumbar vertebra Abdominal aorta Longissimus thoracis muscle Renal pelvis Iliocostalis lumborum muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle Hepatorenal recess Omental bursa Intercostal lymph nodes Transverse mesocolon Lumbar lymph nodes Mesenterium Renal hilum Left mesentericocolic gutter Renal fascia Left paracolic gutter


81

82

CT of the Abdomen

6

32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

(Number indicate liver segment)


axial 1

2

3

4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

Liver Rectus abdominis muscle Ascending colon Ileum Right testicular artery Inferior vena cava Superior mesenteric artery and vein Abdominal aorta Testicular artery and vein Ileal and jejunal arteries and veins Left ureter Jejunum Transversus abdominis muscle Internal oblique muscle External oblique muscle Renal pyramids Renal pelvis Renal sinus Right ureter

20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

83 15

31

Diaphragm Lumbar vertebra Longissimus thoracis muscle Nerve root Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Cisterna chyli Psoas major muscle Quadratus lumborum muscle Iliocostalis lumborum muscle Left ureter Left kidney Hepatorenal recess Transverse mesocolon Intercostal lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Greater omentum Mesenterium Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


84

CT of the Abdomen

6

30

31 32 33 34 35 36 37

(Number indicate liver segment)


axial 1

2

16 17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Liver Ascending colon Ileum Transverse colon Right testicular artery Inferior vena cava Superior mesenteric artery and vein Abdominal aorta Ileal and jejunal arteries and veins Left ureter Rectus abdominis muscle Jejunum Transversus abdominis muscle Internal oblique muscle External oblique muscle Renal pyramids Renal calices Renal sinus

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

Right ureter Psoas major muscle Lumbar vertebra Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Longissimus thoracis muscle Left testicular artery and vein Iliocostalis lumborum muscle Quadratus lumborum muscle Left kidney Thoracolumbar fascia Hepatorenal recess Intertransversarii muscles Transverse mesocolon Lumbar lymph nodes Mesenterium Greater omentum Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


85

86

CT of the Abdomen

26 27 28 29 30

31 32 33


axial 1

2

3

4

14

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

15

16

5

6 7 8

9

10

11

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

External oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Ascending colon Rectus abdominis muscle Transverse colon Right colic artery and vein Linea alba Superior mesenteric artery and vein Abdominal aorta Jejunal arteries and veins Jejunum Descending colon Internal oblique muscle Right kidney Iliocostalis lumborum muscle Ureter

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

12

87 13

25

Right testicular artery Spinalis muscle Vertebral canal Lumbar vertebra Left testicular artery and vein Longissimus thoracis muscle Psoas major muscle Quadratus lumborum muscle Thoracolumbar fascia Right paracolic gutter Lumbar triangle Transverse mesocolon Intertransversarii muscles Lumbar lymph nodes Greater omentum Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


88

CT of the Abdomen

26 27 28 29 30 31

32 33 34


axial 1

2

3

4 5

6 7

15 16 17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Internal oblique muscle Ascending colon Ileum Rectus abdominis muscle Right colic artery and vein Superior mesenteric artery and vein Linea alba Inferior vena cava Abdominal aorta Ileal and jejunal arteries and veins Jejunum Descending colon Transversus abdominis muscle External oblique muscle Quadratus lumborum muscle Psoas major muscle Testicular artery and vein

8

20

9

21

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

10

22

11

23

24

89

12 13 14

25

Longissimus thoracis muscle Lumbar vertebra Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Ureter Iliocostalis lumborum muscle Transverse process of lumbar vertebra Thoracolumbar fascia Right paracolic gutter Right mesentericocolic gutter Lumbar triangle Mesenterium Intertransversarii muscles Lumbar lymph nodes Left mesentericocolic gutter Greater omentum Left paracolic gutter


90

CT of the Abdomen

23 24

25 26

27 28 29 30


axial 1

2

3

16

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

4

5

6

7

8

17 18 19

Internal oblique muscle Ascending colon Rectus abdominis muscle Right colic artery and vein Ureter Inferior vena cava Right common iliac artery Left common iliac artery Testicular artery and vein Transverse colon Psoas major muscle Jejunum Descending colon Transversus abdominis muscle External oblique muscle

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

9 10 11 12

13

20

22

21

14

91 15

Longissimus thoracis muscle Femoral nerve Lumbar vertebra Vertebral canal Spinalis muscle Quadratus lumborum muscle Ilium Right paracolic gutter Right mesentericocolic gutter Lumbar lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes Gutter of psoas muscle Left mesentericocolic gutter Greater omentum Left paracolic gutter


92

CT of the Abdomen

28 29 30 31

32 33 34


axial 1

2

3

18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

External oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Ascending colon Terminal ileum Rectus abdominis muscle Ileal arteries and veins Ileum Right common iliac artery and vein Left common iliac artery Transverse colon Middle colic artery and vein Ureter, Testicular artery and vein Left colic artery and vein Psoas major muscle Descending colon Internal oblique muscle Ala of ilium

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

27

Iliacus muscle Ilium Longissimus thoracis muscle Lumbar plexus Lumbar nerve V Vertebral canal Lumbar vertebra 5 Spinalis muscle Left common iliac vein Gluteus medius muscle Right paracolic gutter Right mesentericocolic gutter Medial groove of psoas Common iliac lymph nodes Left mesentericocolic gutter Lateral groove of psoas Left paracolic gutter


93

94

CT of the Abdomen

24 25

26 27 28 29 30


axial 1

2

3

4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

17 18 19 20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

External oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Caecum Ureter Rectus abdominis muscle Right colic artery and vein Ileum Transverse colon Left common iliac artery and vein Ileal arteries and veins Epigastric artery and vein Left colic artery and vein Descending colon Iliacus muscle Internal oblique muscle

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

12 13 14 15 16

21

22

23

Ala of ilium Ascending lumbar vein Lumbar vertebra 5 Spinalis muscle Vertebral canal Lumbar plexus Gluteus maximus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Right paracolic gutter Lateral gutter of psoas muscle Right mesentericocolic gutter Common iliac lymph nodes Medial gutter of psoas muscle Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


95

96

CT of the Abdomen

28 29 30 31 32 33


axial 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Internal oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Common iliac vein Ureter Ileal artery and vein Inferior epigastric artery and vein Common iliac artery Ileum Rectus abdominis muscle Internal iliac artery External iliac artery Psoas major muscle Descending colon Left colic artery and vein Iliacus muscle Ilium Gluteus medius muscle

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

27

Gluteus minimus muscle Sacral plexus Anterior sacral nerve Spinalis muscle Sacrum Vertebral canal Sacral foramen I Posterior sacral nerve I Inferior gluteal artery Gluteus maximus muscle Medial groove of psoas Promontorial lymph nodes Greater omentum Common iliac lymph nodes Left mesentericocolic gutter Left paracolic gutter


97

98

CT of the Abdomen

27 28


axial 1

13

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

2

14

3

15

4

5

6

7 8 9 10 11 12

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Gluteus minimus muscle Iliopsoas muscle Jejunum External iliac artery and vein Rectum Sigmoid colon Rectus abdominis muscle Epigastric artery and vein Ureter Transversus abdominis muscle Internal oblique muscle Ala of ilium Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle

15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.

Internal iliac artery and vein Sacrum Sacral nerve II Sacral canal Superior rectal artery Sacral nerve III Sacral foramen III Sacral foramen II Internal iliac artery Sacroiliac joint Common iliac vein External iliac artery Common iliac lymph nodes Sacral lymph nodes


99

100

CT of the Abdomen

22 23 24 25 26


axial 1

2

3

4

5

13 14 15 16 17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Ilium (body) Ileum External iliac artery and vein Urinary bladder Rectus abdominis muscle Sigmoid colon Inferior epigastric artery and vein Femoral nerve Iliopsoas muscle Sartorius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle

6

7

8

9 10 11 12

18 19 20 21

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

Sacral plexus Piriformis muscle Seminal vesicle Superior rectal artery Sacral canal Rectum Internal iliac artery and vein Ureter External iliac lymph nodes Paravesical fossa Sacral lymph nodes Recto-vesical pouch Inferior gluteal lymph nodes


101

102

CT of the Abdomen

19 20 21 22 23


axial 1

2

12

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

3

13

4

5

14 15 16 17

Sartorius muscle Iliopsoas muscle External iliac artery and vein Urinary bladder Rectus abdominis muscle Inferior epigastric artery and vein Ureter Ilium (body) Gluteus minimus muscle Tensor fasciae latae muscle Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

6

7

8

9 10 11

18

Obturator internus muscle Seminal vesicle Rectum Hiatus sacralis Sacrum Piriformis muscle Infrapiriform opening Pararectal lymph nodes Recto-vesical pouch Paravesical fossa External iliac lymph nodes


103

104

CT of the Abdomen

22

23 24 25


axial 1

2

3

12

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

4

13

5

6

14

Gluteus medius muscle Tensor fasciae latae muscle Rectus femoris muscle Superficial epigastric artery and vein Obturator artery Urinary bladder Rectus abdominis muscle External iliac artery and vein Femoral nerve Iliopsoas muscle Sartorius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle

7

15

8

105

9 10 11

16 17 18 19 20 21

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

Piriformis muscle Ampulla of ductus deferens Rectum Seminal vesicle Inferior gluteal artery and vein Obturator internus muscle Ureter Ilium (body) Gluteus maximus muscle Inguinal canal Recto-vesical pouch Pararectal lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes


106

CT of the Abdomen

27 28 29 30


axial 1

2

3

16

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

4

5

17

6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

18 19 20 21 22 23

Fascia lata Tensor fasciae latae muscle Rectus femoris muscle Iliopsoas muscle Spermatic cord Urethra Suspensory ligament of penis Rectus abdominis muscle Pubis Obturator artery Obturator externus muscle Superficial epigastric artery and vein 13. Femoral nerve 14. Sartorius muscle 15. Gluteus minimus muscle

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

24

25

107 15

26

Sciatic nerve Gluteus maximus muscle Ischiorectal fossa Prostate Rectal ampulla Coccyx Levator ani muscle Obturator internus muscle Ischium Head of femur Greater trochanter Inguinal lymph nodes Ischiorectal fossa Retropubic space Pararectal lymph nodes


108

CT of the Abdomen

31 32 33 34 35 36


axial 1

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

2

3

17 18

19

4

20

5

6

7

8

109

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Fascia lata Tensor fasciae latae muscle Sartorius muscle Great saphenous vein Pubis (superior ramus) Spermatic cord Root of penis Suspensory ligament of penis Pubic symphysis Pectineus muscle Superficial epigastric artery and vein Femoral artery and vein Femoral nerve Iliopsoas muscle Rectus femoris muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Lateral circumflex femoral artery and vein

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

Femur (intertrochanteric part) Gluteus maximus muscle Ischium Urethra Levator ani muscle Rectum Ischiorectal fossa Prostate Internal pudendal artery Obturator internus muscle Obturator externus muscle Quadratus femoris muscle Sciatic nerve Inguinal lymph nodes Ischiorectal fossa Retropubic space Pararectal lymph nodes Obturator membrane Obturator canal


110

MRI of the Abdomen

7 6

—— = Peritoneum (Numbers indicate liver segments)


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6

111

15 16 17 18

7 8 19 20

9

21 22 10

23

11 12

24

13 25

14

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Right lung Transversus thoracis muscle Diaphragm Rib Internal intercostal muscle External intercostal muscle Liver (right lobe) Diaphragm (costal part) Small intestine (jejunum) External oblique muscle Internal oblique muscle Cecum Iliac crest Iliacus muscle

15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

Serratus posterior inferior muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle Intercostal artery, vein and nerve Diaphragm (costodiaphragmatic recess) Right colon flexure Right kidney Quadratus lumborum muscle Erector spinae muscle Transversus abdominis muscle External abdominal oblique muscle Gluteus medius muscle


112

MRI of the Abdomen

8 5 6

25 26



sagittal

1 2 3 4

13 14 15 16

5

17

113

6 7

18

8 9

19

10

20

11

21 22

12

23 24

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Diaphragm Internal intercostal muscle Liver (right lobe) External intercostal muscle Gallbladder Rectus abdominis muscle Transverse colon Transversus abdominis muscle Small intestine (jejunum) External oblique muscle Internal oblique muscle Cecum Liver

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

Rib Erector spinae muscle Costodiaphragmatic recess Latissimus dorsi muscle Right kidney Serratus posterior inferior muscle Quadratus lumborum muscle Psoas major muscle Iliac crest Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle Mesenteric lymph nodes Paracolic lymph nodes


114

MRI of the Abdomen

8 30

5

6

31

32



sagittal 1

16

2

5

17 18 19 20

6

21

3 4

7

115

22

8

23

9

24

10 11

25

12

26

13

27

14

28

15 29

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Pectoralis muscle Transversus thoracis muscle Diaphragm Liver (right lobe) Hepatic portal vein Hepatic artery Bile duct Transverse colon Duodenum Greater omentum Mesentery Small intestine Rectus abdominis muscle Ascending colon Femoral nerve Right lung

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32.

Rib Intercostal artery, vein and nerve Intercostalis muscles Costodiaphragmatic recess Latissimus dorsi muscle Suprarenal gland Right kidney Renal artery and vein Ureter Quadratus lumborum muscle Erector spinae muscle Psoas major muscle Iliac spine Hepatic lymph nodes Mesenteric lymph nodes Paracolic lymph nodes


116

MRI of the Abdomen

4 38 39 40

1

41

42



sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

117

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

14

32

15

33 16

34

17

35 36 37

18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

Right lung Pectoralis muscle Transversus thoracis muscle Diaphragm External oblique muscle Intercostalis muscles Rib Liver (quadrate lobe) Right gastroepiploic artery Transverse colon Colic artery Greater omentum Duodenum Small intestine Jejunal veins Rectus abdominis muscle Common iliac artery and vein Small intestine (ileum) Right atrium Thoracic vertebra Hepatic veins

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

Intercostal artery Bile duct Hepatic portal vein (left branch) Stomach Hepatic portal vein Pancreas Diaphragm (lumbar part) Nerve root Renal artery and vein Inferior vena cava Erector spinae muscle Psoas major muscle Lumbosacral plexus Transverse process (L4) Quadratus lumborum muscle Iliac spine Hepatic lymph nodes Gastro-omental lymph nodes Pancreatic lymph nodes Postcaval lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes


118

MRI of the Abdomen

4 35 36 37

1

38

39



sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

119

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

12

29

13

30 31

14

32

15 16

33

17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Lung Sternum Diaphragm Liver Lesser omentum Left gastric artery Stomach Pancreas Transverse colon Greater omentum Superior mesenteric vein Duodenum (descending part) Inferior mesenteric artery Common iliac artery and vein Umbilicus Rectus abdominis muscle Promontorium Right atrium Spinal cord Liver (caudate lobe)

34

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

Ligamenta flava Thoracic vertebra (T10) Spinous process Hepatic portal vein Inferior vena cava Inferior mesenteric artery Anterior longitudinal ligament Thoracolumbar fascia Intervertebral disk (L1-L2) Cauda equina Spinal dura Lumbar vertebra (L4) Erector spinae muscle Sacrum Gastro-omental lymph nodes Pancreatic lymph nodes Postcaval lymph nodes Mesenteric lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes


120

MRI of the Abdomen

4

1

36 37 38 39 40 41

42



sagittal 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

31 32 33 34 15

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Sternum Liver Diaphragm Stomach Pancreas Omental bursa Middle colic artery Transverse colon Greater omentum Superior mesenteric artery Mesentery Small intestine Inferior mesenteric artery Rectus abdominis muscle Common iliac artery and vein Heart Esophagus Superior articular process (zygapophysis) 19. Inferior articular process (zygapophysis) 20. Descending aorta

35

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

Left gastric artery Diaphragm (lumbar part) Hepatic portal vein Coeliac trunk Duodenum (descending part) Left renal artery and vein Intervertebral foramen Pedicle Intervertebral disk (L2-L3) Lumbar vertebra (L3) Erector spinae muscle Thoracolumbar fascia Zygapophysial joint Anterior longitudinal ligament Nerve root S1 Gastro-omental lymph nodes Pancreatic lymph nodes Coeliac lymph nodes Mesenteric lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Postcaval lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes


121

122

MRI of the Abdomen

2 32 33

3

34

35



sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

18 19 20 21 22 23 24

11

27

123

25 26

12 13 14 15

28 29 30

16 17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

Transversus thoracis muscle Pectoralis muscle Diaphragm Intercostalis muscles Liver Stomach (fundus) Pancreas Transverse colon Diaphragm (costal part) Greater omentum Small intestine Inferior mesenteric vein Rectus abdominis muscle Psoas major muscle Ovarian vein Lumbosacral plexus Ureter Heart Lung

31

20. Rib 21. Cardiac part of stomach (cardiac orifice) 22. Diaphragm (lumbar part) 23. Splenic artery and vein 24. Suprarenal gland 25. Left kidney 26. Intertransversarii muscles (lateral lumbar) 27. Renal artery and vein 28. Latissimus dorsi muscle 29. Erector spinae muscle 30. Transverse process (L3) 31. Iliac crest 32. Pancreatic lymph nodes 33. Gastro-omental lymph nodes 34. Juxtaintestinal lymph nodes 35. Common iliac lymph nodes


124

MRI of the Abdomen

29 30 31 32

—— = Peritoneum


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

125

16 17 18 19 20

9

21

10

22

11

23

12

24 25 26

13

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

14

27

15

28

Transversus thoracis muscle Pectoralis major muscle Diaphragm Stomach (fundus) Intercostalis muscles Diaphragm (costal part) Gastric artery Transverse colon Small intestine Greater omentum Rectus abdominis muscle Mesentery Psoas major muscle Sacrum (ala) Descending colon Heart Lung

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.

Spleen Splenic artery and vein Pancreas Diaphragm (lumbar part) Latissimus dorsi muscle Left kidney Erector spinae muscle Fatty capsule of the kidney Quadratus lumborum muscle Ilium Gluteus maximus muscle Left gastro-omental lymph nodes Pancreatic lymph nodes Right gastro-omental lymph nodes 32. Juxtaintestinal lymph nodes


126

MRI of the Abdomen

28 29 30 31

—— = Peritoneum


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

15

8

21

9

4

127

16 17 18 19 20

22 23 24 16 10

12

11

25

12

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

13

26

14

27

Apex of heart Pectoralis major muscle Rib Intercostalis muscles Diaphragm Stomach Transverse colon Small intestine External abdominal oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Descending colon Internal abdominal oblique muscle Iliac spine Iliacus muscle Lung Latissimus dorsi muscle

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.

Costodiaphragmatic recess Serratus posterior inferior muscle Splenic artery and vein Spleen Pancreas Left kidney Erector spinae muscle (iliocostalis lumborum muscle) Fatty capsule of the kidney Quadratus lumborum muscle Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle Splenic lymph nodes Pancreatic lymph nodes Juxtaintestinal lymph nodes Paracolic lymph nodes


128

MRI of the Abdomen

8

7 6

5

4

2 3

31



coronal 1 2 3 4 5

129 17 18 19 20 21

6

22

7

23 24

8 9

25

10 11

26

12 13

27

14

28

15

29

16

30

1. Right lung 2. Parietal pleura (costal part) and muscles of thorax (innermost and internal intercostal muscles) 3. Falciform ligament of liver 4. Diaphragm 5. Liver (right lobe) 6. External intercostal muscle 7. Rib (7) 8. Lesser omentum 9. Transversus abdominis muscle 10. Right colon flexure 11. Internal abdominal oblique muscle 12. Ileum 13. External abdominal oblique muscle 14. Cecum 15. Gluteus medius muscle

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.

Iliopsoas muscle Right ventricle Apex of heart Serratus anterior muscle Left lung (costodiaphragmatic recess) Left lobe of liver Stomach Greater omentum Right gastroepiploic artery Transverse colon Jejunum Anterior superior iliac spine Sigmoid colon Iliacus muscle Rectus abdominis muscle Gastro-omental lymph nodes


130

MRI of the Abdomen

8 7 45 46

5

2 4 3

6

47 48 49


1. Right ventricle 2. Diaphragm 3. Right lung (costodiaphragmatic recess) 4. Falciform ligament of liver 5. Right lobe of liver


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

Hepatic portal vein Omental bursa Pancreas (body) Gallbladder Stomach (antrum) Superior mesenteric artery and vein Right colic artery Right colon flexure Ascending colon Ileocolic artery Cecum Terminal ileum Appendicular artery Ilium Vermiform appendix Femoral nerve External iliac artery and vein Left ventricle Serratus anterior muscle External intercostal muscle Left lung (costodiaphragmatic recess) Stomach (fundus)

131

36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49.

Rib (7) Left lobe of liver Left colic flexure Stomach (body) Left gastroepiploic artery and vein External abdominal oblique muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Jejunal and ileal arteries Descending colon Iliac crest Iliacus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Psoas major muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Sigmoid colon Urinary bladder Gastro-omental lymph nodes Coeliac lymph nodes Superior mesenteric lymph nodes Paracolic lymph nodes Juxtaintestinal lymph nodes


132

MRI of the Abdomen

8 1 2 4 3 5

7 55 56

6

57 58 59


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Ascending aorta Right lung Right atrium Diaphragm Right ventricle Hepatic portal vein (right branch) Right hepatic vein

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Liver (right lobe) Hepatic artery Hepatic portal vein Stomach (antrum) Superior mesenteric artery Pancreas (head) Aorta


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

Duodenum Inferior vena cava Ascending colon Ileocolic artery Common iliac artery and vein Ileocecal valve Terminal ileum Vermiform appendix Psoas major muscle External iliac artery and vein Iliacus muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Serratus anterior muscle Left ventricle External intercostal muscle Left lung Stomach (fundus) Splenic artery Pancreas (body) Spleen Splenic vein Left colic flexure

133 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56.

Duodenum (horizontal part) Left colic artery Transversus abdominis muscle Descending colon Jejunum Inferior mesenteric artery and vein Internal abdominal oblique muscle Sigmoid arteries External oblique muscle Iliac crest Superior rectal artery Internal iliac artery Ileum Sigmoid colon Ilium (acetabular roof) Hip joint Urinary bladder Gastro-omental lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes (preaortic lymph nodes) 57. Paracolic lymph nodes 58. Inferior mesenteric lymph nodes 59. Common iliac lymph nodes


134

MRI of the Abdomen

51 8 52 53 54

7

1 5

4

6

55 56 57 58

(Numbers indicate liver segments) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Right atrium Right lung Liver (right lobe) Hepatic veins Hepatic portal vein (left branch) Coeliac trunk Hepatic portal vein Right hepatic veins


coronal 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

Stomach (pylorus) Pancreas (head) Inferior vena cava Duodenum Ureter Ascending colon Transversus abdominis muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle External abdominal oblique muscle Cecum Psoas major muscle Femoral nerve Iliacus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Ileum Ilium Serratus anterior muscle Left ventricle Left lung Diaphragm Stomach (fundus) Stomach (cardia) Spleen Splenic artery

34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58.

Splenic vein Pancreas (tail) Left colic flexure Left renal artery and vein Rib (11) Jejunum Abdominal aorta Descending colon Intervertebral disk (L3-L4) Lumbar vertebra (L4) Ascending lumbar vein Iliac crest Superior rectal artery Internal iliac artery and vein Ilium Sigmoid colon Urinary bladder Splenic lymph nodes Gastro-omental lymph nodes Pancreatic lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Paracolic lymph nodes Prevertebral lymph nodes Internal iliac lymph nodes Juxtaintestinal lymph nodes


135

136

MRI of the Abdomen

47 48 49 50 51 52

8 7

6

(Numbers indicate liver segments) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Right lung Diaphragm Costodiaphragmatic recess Hepatic veins Serratus anterior muscle Liver (right lobe) Right hepatic veins (right branch)

8. Inferior vena cava 9. Diaphragm (lumbar part, right crus) 10. Renal artery 11. Right kidney 12. Duodenum (descending part) 13. Intervertebral disk (L2-L3)


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

20

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

21

45

22

46

16 17 18 19

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

137

Lumbar vertebra (L3) Ascending colon Psoas major muscle Ilium (ala) Sacrum (ala) Sacroiliac joint Gluteus medius muscle Small intestine Urinary bladder Rib (7) Left ventricle Left lung Esophagus (hiatus) with vagal trunk Stomach Descending aorta Spleen Splenic artery and vein Pancreas (tail) Suprarenal gland Ureter Left kidney

35. Sympathetic trunk 36. Descending colon 37. External abdominal oblique muscle 38. Internal abdominal oblique muscle 39. Transversus abdominis muscle 40. Quadratus lumborum muscle 41. Iliac crest 42. Lumbar plexus 43. Sacrum 44. Superior rectal artery 45. Sigmoid colon 46. Piriformis muscle 47. Superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes 48. Inferior diaphragmatic lymph nodes 49. Pancreatic lymph nodes 50. Splenic lymph nodes 51. Prevertebral lymph nodes 52. Paracolic lymph nodes


138

MRI of the Abdomen

7 6 41



coronal

20 21

1 2 3

22

4

23

5

24

6

25

7

26

8

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

139

Serratus anterior muscle Right lung Latissimus dorsi muscle Liver (right lobe) Diaphragm (lumbar part, right crus) Suprarenal gland Rib (11) Right kidney Psoas major muscle Vertebral canal with cauda equina Transversospinales muscles Superior articular process (zygapophysis) (of L4) Inferior articular process (zygapophysis) (of L4) Iliac crest Dorsal sacroiliac ligaments Ilium (ala) Superior gluteal artery and vein Gluteus maximus muscle Piriformis muscle Left lung

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41.

External intercostal muscle Thoracic aorta Diaphragm Stomach Spleen Thoracic vertebra (T12) Left kidney Descending colon Transversus abdominis muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle External abdominal oblique muscle Quadratus lumborum muscle Iliocostalis muscle Ligamenta flava Gluteus medius muscle Vertebral arch (lamina of L5) Sacroiliac joint Sacrum Superior rectal artery Rectum Superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes


140

Renal Artery


MR-Angiography

1

6 2 7

3

8 4 9 5 10 11

1. Abdominal aorta 2. Right renal artery 3. Inferior capsular branch of the renal artery 4. Aortic bifurcation 5. Common right iliac artery

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Splenic artery Left renal artery Lumbar arteries Common left iliac artery External iliac artery Internal iliac artery


141

142

MR-Angiography of the Coeliac Trunk


MR-Angiography 9

1 2

10 3 4 5

11

6

12

7 8

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Coeliac trunk Common hepatic artery Left hepatic artery Right hepatic artery Gastroduodenal artery Abdominal aorta Right colic artery

13

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Ileocolic artery Left gastric artery Splenic artery Superior mesenteric artery Jejunal arteries Ileal arteries


143

144

MR-Angiography of the Splenic and Portal Veins


MR-Angiography

4 1 5 2 6 7

3

8

9

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Right hepatic vein Left branch of portal vein Right branch of portal vein Right hepatic vein Intermediate hepatic vein

6. 7. 8. 9.

Splenic vein Portal vein Superior mesenteric vein Jejunal and ileal veins


145

146

MR-Cholangiopancreatography


MR-Cholangiopancreatography

7 8

1

9

2 3

10

4 5

11

6

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Right hepatic duct Cystic duct (spiral fold) Body of gallbladder Neck of gallbladder Cystic duct (pars flaccida, straight part)

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Duodenum Left hepatic duct Common hepatic duct Pancreatic duct Bile duct Duodenal papilla


147

148

MRI of the Female Pelvis

30 31 32 33 34 35 36


axial 1

2

3

4

5

6

7 8 9 10

11

12

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

Gluteal aponeurosis Tensor fasciae latae muscle Sartorius muscle Iliacus muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle Right ovary Inferior epigastric artery and vein Uterus Ileum Sigmoid colon (distal part) Rectus abdominis muscle External iliac artery and vein Femoral nerve Ovarian artery and vein Gluteus minimus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Ilium Internal obturator nerve

13

28

14

15

16

149 17

29

20. Ureter 21. Superior gluteal vein and internal iliac vein 22. Piriformis muscle 23. Sacrotuberous ligament 24. Sciatic nerve 25. Sacrum 26. Presacral space 27. Superior rectal artery and vein 28. Left ovary 29. Gluteus maximus muscle 30. Superior gluteal lymph nodes 31. External iliac lymph nodes 32. Pararectal lymph nodes 33. Sacral lymph nodes 34. Juxtaintestinal lymph nodes 35. Paracolic lymph nodes 36. Internal iliac lymph nodes


150


27 28 29

30 31 32


33

axial 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8

9

17 18 19 20 21

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

10 11 12 13

22 23 24

Gluteal aponeurosis Tensor fasciae latae muscle Rectus femoris muscle Sartorius muscle Iliopsoas muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle and transversus abdominis muscle Femoral nerve Round ligament of uterus Uterus (cavity) Uterus (fundus) Urinary bladder Rectus abdominis muscle Small intestine External iliac artery and vein Ilium Gluteus minimus muscle

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

14

15

16

25 26

Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle Obturator internus muscle Sciatic nerve Ureter Uterus (cervix) Sacrum Rectum Obturator nerve Piriformis muscle Superior gluteal lymph nodes Parauterine lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes Sacral lymph nodes Juxta-intestinal lymph nodes Obturator lymph nodes Pararectal lymph nodes


151

152


28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35


axial 1 2 3 4 5 6

7

8

9

10

11

153

12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

1. Tensor fasciae latae muscle and rectus femoris muscle 2. Gluteus minimus muscle 3. Sartorius muscle 4. Iliopsoas muscle 5. Internal abdominal oblique muscle 6. Transversus abdominis muscle 7. Femoral nerve and external iliac artery and vein 8. Obturator artery 9. Urinary bladder 10. Rectus abdominis muscle 11. Ureter 12. Hip joint 13. Head of femur 14. Joint capsule 15. Gluteus maximus muscle 16. Gluteus medius muscle 17. Acetabular roof

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

Sciatic nerve Obturator internus muscle Internal iliac artery and vein Sacrospinous ligament Uterus (vaginal part) Sacrum Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) Rectum Uterosacral ligament Ilium Superior gluteal lymph nodes Parauterine lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes Pararectal lymph nodes Sacral lymph nodes Paravesical lymph nodes Deep ingual lymph node Obturator lymph nodes


154


29 30 31 32 33 34


35

axial 1 2 3 4 5

6

7

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

8

9

10

11

12

22 23 24 25

Gluteus medius muscle Tensor fasciae latae muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Sartorius muscle Iliopsoas muscle and rectus femoris muscle Acetabular lip (anterior part) Femoral artery,vein and nerve Ligament of head of femur Rectus abdominis muscle Urinary bladder Vagina Ureter Ilium Obturator nerve Gluteus maximus muscle Greater trochanter Joint capsule Piriformis muscle (tendon)

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

13

26

155

14

27

28

Gemellus superior muscle Ilium Sciatic nerve Rectum Coccyx Levator ani muscle Sacrospinous ligament Obturator internus muscle Ischial spine Acetabular lip (posterior part) Superficial inguinal lymph nodes Paravesical lymph nodes Postvesical and paravaginal lymph nodes Pararectal lymph nodes Medial lacunar lymph node (Rosenmüller-Cloquet) Deep inguinal lymph nodes Obturator lymph nodes


156


28 29 30 31 32


axial 1

2 3 4 5 6

14 15 16 17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

7

8

20

21

9

22 23

Iliotibial tract Tensor fasciae latae muscle Rectus femoris muscle Femur (head) Sartorius muscle Iliopsoas muscle Femoral artery, vein and nerve Urinary bladder Rectus abdominis muscle Pubis (superior ramus) Pectineus muscle Obturator externus muscle Iliofemoral ligament Gluteus medius muscle Greater trochanter Obturator externus muscle (tendon) 17. Quadratus femoris muscle and ge-

10

11

12

24 25 26

157

13

27

mellus inferior muscles 18. Sciatic nerve 19. Obturator internus muscle (tendon) 20. Gluteus maximus muscle 21. Vagina 22. Rectum 23. Levator ani muscle 24. Ureter 25. Obturator internus muscle 26. Ischium (tuberosity) 27. Vastus lateralis muscle 28. Deep inguinal lymph nodes 29. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes 30. Postvesical and paravaginal lymph nodes 31. Prevesical lymph nodes 32. Rectal lymph nodes


158


25

26

27

28


axial 1

2

3 4 5 6 7

13 14 15 16 17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

8

19

9

20 21

Iliotibial tract Tensor fasciae latae muscle Rectus femoris muscle Vastus intermedius muscle Sartorius muscle Iliopsoas muscle Femoral artery, vein and nerve Urethra Pubic symphysis Pubis (body) Obturator externus muscle Pectineus muscle Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve Vastus lateralis muscle Femur

10

22

11

159

12

23

24

16. Quadratus femoris muscle 17. Sciatic nerve 18. Common tendon of biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles 19. Gluteus maximus muscle 20. Vagina 21. Rectum 22. Levator ani muscle 23. Obturator internus muscle 24. Ischium (tuberosity) 25. Deep inguinal lymph node 26. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes 27. Paravaginal lymph nodes 28. Pararectal lymph nodes


160


41 42 43 44 45 46

—— = Peritoneum

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Inferior vena cava Aorta Lumbar vertebra (L4) Intervertebral disk L4-L5 Jejunal veins


sagittal 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

1 2 3 4 5 6

7

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

Common iliac vein Small intestine Rectus abdominis muscle Portio Vesicouterine pouch Urinary bladder Internal urethral orifice Urethra Pubis Urethral sphincter muscle and deep transverse perineal muscle Clitoris (body) Labium minus Labium majus Spinal cord Spinous process Ligamenta flava Lumbar interspinal muscles Cauda equina Posterior longitudinal ligament Erector spinae muscle Sacrum (1) Superior rectal artery

161

28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.

Rectum Canalis cervicis Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) Presacral space Ostium uteri (opening between uterus and vagina) Coccyx Anterior und posterior wall of vagina Anococcygeal ligament Levator ani muscle Anal canal External anal sphincter muscle Anus Vagina Prevertebral and lumbar lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes Promontorial lymph nodes Juxta-intestinal mesenteric lymph nodes Presacral lymph nodes Prevesical lymph node


162


39 40 41 42 43

—— = Peritoneum


sagittal

163

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

Rectus abdominis muscle Small intestine Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve Psoas major muscle Femoral nerve Common iliac artery and vein Ovarian artery and vein Internal iliac artery and vein Uterus (body) Uterus (fundus) Uterus (cavity) Uterus (isthmus) Vesical venous plexus Urinary bladder Pubis Pectineus muscle Ischium Adductor magnus muscle Adductor brevis muscle Adductor longus muscle Erector spinae muscle Interspinales lumborum muscles

23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43.

Tranverse process Quadratus lumborum muscle Lumbar plexus Lumbar iliocostalis muscle Dorsal sacroiliac ligaments Sacrum Sacral nerves Piriformis muscle Sacrotuberous ligament Uterine venous plexus Round ligament of uterus Levator ani muscle Gluteus maximus muscle Ischiorectal fossa Obturator internus muscle Deep transverse perineal muscle External iliac lymph nodes Internal iliac lymph nodes Parauterine lymph nodes Paravaginal lymph nodes Pararectal lymph nodes


164


30 31 32 33

—— = Peritoneum


sagittal

165

1 18

2 3

19 20

4

21

5

22

6

23

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Rectus abdominis muscle Small intestine Psoas major muscle Femoral nerve Iliacus muscle Lumbar plexus Ovary Round ligament of uterus Obturator artery and vein External iliac artery and vein Pubis (superior ramus) Pectineus muscle Obturator externus muscle Adductor brevis muscle Great saphenous vein Adductor magnus muscle Adductor longus muscle

24 25 26 27 28 29

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

Iliocostalis muscle Dorsal sacroiliac ligaments Sacroiliac joint Sacrum Ilium Superior gluteal artery and vein Piriformis muscle Sacral nerves Gluteus maximus muscle Ischial spine Obturator internus muscle Os ischii (ramus) Gluteal lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes Obturator lymph nodes Inguinal lymph nodes


166


34 35 36


sagittal

167

19

1 2

20

3

21 22

4

23

5

24

6

25

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

26 27 28 29 30 31 32

15 16 17

33

18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Rectus abdominis muscle Colon Psoas major muscle Iliolumbar artery Femoral nerve Iliacus muscle Iliopsoas muscle Acetabular roof Fovea capitis femoris Pectineus muscle Pubis (body) Acetabular lip Femoral artery and vein Obturator externus muscle Quadratus femoris muscle Adductor magnus muscle Adductor longus muscle Adductor brevis muscle

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

Quadratus lumborum muscle Iliocostalis muscle Superior iliac spine Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Superior gluteal artery and vein Ilium (body) Fossa acetabuli Sciatic nerve Gemellus superior muscle Obturator internus muscle Gemellus inferior muscle Ischial tuberosity Semimembranosus muscle Gluteal lymph nodes Deep ingual lymph nodes Superficial ingual lymph nodes


168



sagittal

169

1 2 3

15 16 17 18

4 5 6

19

7 8

20

9 10

21

11

22

12

23

13 24

14

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Body of uterus (myometrium) Uterus (junctional zone) Uterus (endometrium) Uterus (cavity) Rectus abdominis muscle Vesicouterine pouch Urinary bladder Fatty layer between urinary bladder, urethra, and vagina Vagina (wall) Urethra Pubis Deep transverse perineal muscle Arcuate pubic ligament

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

Labium minus and majus Palmate folds (of cervix of uterus) Rectum Cervical canal Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) Portio Anococcygeal ligament and levator ani muscle Fatty layer between vagina and rectum Anal canal and anus Perineal body External anal sphincter muscle


170


20

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

171

1 2 3 11 4

12

5

13

6

14

7

15 16

8

17

9

18

10

19

1. Small intestine 2. Internal abdominal oblique muscle 3. External abdominal oblique muscle 4. Anterior superior iliac spine 5. Superficial epigastric artery 6. Gluteus medius muscle 7. Femoral artery, vein and nerve 8. Pectineus muscle 9. Pubic symphysis 10. Rectus femoris muscle

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Rectus abdominis muscle Ilium Transversus abdominis muscle Iliopsoas muscle Pyramidalis muscle Tensor fasciae latae muscle Pubis Adductor longus muscle Vastus lateralis muscle Superficial inguinal lymph node


172


35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

173

1

19

2

20 21

3

22

4

23

5

24

6 7

25

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1. Mesentery 2. Superior mesenteric artery and vein 3. Abdominal aorta 4. Right common iliac artery 5. Sigmoid artery 6. Ascending colon 7. Gluteus medius muscle 8. Iliacus muscle 9. Psoas major muscle 10. Gluteus minimus muscle 11. External iliac artery and vein 12. Iliopsoas muscle 13. Symphysis 14. Tensor fasciae latae muscle 15. Femoral artery and vein 16. Deep artery of thigh 17. Femoral nerve 18. Vastus lateralis muscle 19. External abdominal oblique muscle 20. Internal abdominal oblique muscle

17 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

Transversus abdominis muscle Inferior mesenteric artery Jejunum Iliac crest Ilium (ala) Urinary bladder Pubis Rectus femoris muscle Obturator externus muscle Pectineus muscle Adductor brevis muscle Labium majus Adductor longus muscle Sartorius muscle Inferior mesenteric lymph nodes Lumbar lymph nodes Superior mesenteric lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes Juxtaintestinal lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes Paravesical lymph nodes Superficial ingual lymph node


174


41 42 43 44 45

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

20 21 22 23 24 25

1 2 3 4

26

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

175

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Abdominal aorta Inferior vena cava Ascending colon Right common iliac artery Iliac crest Ileum Ilium (ala) External iliac artery and vein Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Acetabular roof (body of ilium) Iliofemoral ligament with joint capsule Iliopsoas muscle Circumflex femoral artery Transverse perineal ligament Tensor fasciae latae muscle Deep artery of thigh Vastus lateralis muscle Rectus femoris muscle External abdominal oblique muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Jejunum

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

Inferior mesenteric vein Aorta (bifurcation) Left common iliac artery Psoas major muscle Iliacus muscle Ureter Femoral nerve Common tendon of rectus femoris muscle and vastus lateralis muscle Urinary bladder Head of femur Obturator externus muscle Pectineus muscle Pubis Adductor brevis muscle Clitoris (crus) Labium majus Adductor longus muscle Lumbar lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes Paravesical lymph nodes Deep inguinal lymph node


176


41 42 43

44 45

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

177

1

20

2

21 22

3

23 24

4

25

5

26

6

27

7

28

8

29

9

30

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Right kidney Intervertebral disk L2-L3 Psoas major muscle Lumbar vertebra (L4) Iliac crest Femoral nerve Superior gluteal artery and vein Sigmoid colon Uterine artery Uterus (cavum) Acetabular roof (body of ilium) Head of femur Neck of femur Greater trochanter Levator ani muscle Iliopsoas muscle Vastus lateralis muscle Vastus intermedius muscle Adductor magnus muscle External abdominal oblique muscle 21. Internal abdominal oblique muscle 22. Transversus abdominis muscle

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

Lumbar artery and vein Iliolumbar artery and vein Iliacus muscle Ilium (ala) Superior rectal artery Internal iliac artery and vein Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Ureter Urinary bladder Obturator internus muscle Iliofemoral ligament Iliotibial tract Obturator externus muscle Ischium (ramus) Deep transverse perineal muscle Labium minus Gracilis muscle Prevertebral lymph nodes Promontorial lymph nodes Internal iliac lymph nodes Paravaginal lymph nodes Postvesical lymph nodes


178


44 45 46 47

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

22 23 24

1 2 3

25

4

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

179

40 41 42 43

Right kidney Lumbar vertebra (L3) Psoas major muscle Transverse process (L4) Iliac crest Iliacus muscle Ascending lumbar vein Ilium (ala) Sigmoid colon Internal iliac artery and vein Uterus (cavity) Acetabular roof (body of ilium) Hip joint Head of femur Neck of femur Greater trochanter Deep transverse perineal muscle Lesser trochanter Ischium (ramus) Bulbospongiosus muscle Gracilis muscle Transversus abdominis muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle External abdominal oblique muscle

25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.

Lumbar artery and vein Quadratus lumborum muscle Femoral nerve Obturator nerve Gluteus medius muscle Superior rectal artery Ureter Gluteus minimus muscle Obturator internus muscle Urinary bladder Levator ani muscle Iliofemoral ligament Ischiorectal fossa Obturator externus muscle Medial circumflex femoral artery Iliotibial tract Adductor magnus muscle Iliopsoas muscle Vastus lateralis muscle Promontorial lymph nodes Internal iliac lymph nodes Parauterine lymph nodes Paravaginal lymph nodes


180


48 49 50 51

—— = Peritoneum

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Right kidney Rib (11) Spinal dura Psoas major muscle Vertebral canal

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Cauda equina Iliac crest Sacroiliac joint Ilium (ala) Sacrum


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

Sigmoid colon Uterine tube (infundibulum) Uterine vein Uterine venous plexus Vagina (fornix) Levator ani muscle Vagina Greater trochanter Obturator internus muscle Quadratus femoris muscle Vastus lateralis muscle Semitendinosus muscle Adductor magnus muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle Internal abdominal oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle External abdominal oblique muscle 28. Quadratus lumborum muscle 29. Multifidus muscle and lumbar intertranversarii muscles 30. Iliolumbar ligament and iliocostalis muscle (erector spinae muscle)

181

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51.

Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Superior gluteal artery and vein Sigmoid arteries and veins Internal iliac artery and vein Gluteus maximus muscle Cervical canal Cervix of uterus Iliofemoral ligament Obturator internus muscle Ischium Ischiorectal fossa Pubovaginalis muscle Ischium (ramus) Deep transverse perineal muscle (urogenital diaphragm) Bulbospongiosus muscle Labium minus Presacral lymph nodes Internal iliac lymph nodes Parauterine lymph nodes Paravaginal lymph nodes


182


43 44 45

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

183

Fatty capsule of kidney Serratus posterior inferior muscle Latissimus dorsi muscles Quadratus lumborum muscle Iliocostalis muscle (part of erector spinae muscle) Longissimus muscle (part of erector spinae muscle) Multifidus muscle (part of transversospinales muscles) Vertebral canal Ilium (ala) Sacrum Rectum Superior gluteal veins Uterine and rectal venous plexus Vaginal part of uterus Vagina (posterior wall) Ischiorectal fossa Ischium Quadratus femoris muscle External anal sphincter muscle Anus Intertransversarii muscles

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

Interspinal ligaments Zygapophysial joint Spinous process Interspinalis muscles Lumbar vertebra 5 (vertebral arch) Sacroiliac ligaments Gluteus medius muscle Intervertebral disk S1-S2 Sacroiliac joint Sigmoid arteries and veins Gluteus maximus muscle Sigmoid colon Piriformis muscle Levator ani muscle Gemellus superior muscle Obturator internus muscle Gemellus inferior muscle Obturator internus muscle Sciatic nerve Semitendinosus muscle Adductor magnus muscle Pararectal lymph nodes Gluteal lymph nodes Parauterine lymph nodes


184


23 24

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

185 13

1 2

14

3

15

4 5

16

6 8

17 18 19

9

20

7

10

21 22

11 12

1. Latissimus dorsi muscle 2. Iliocostalis muscle (part of erector spinae muscle) 3. Longissimus muscle (part of erector spinae muscle) 4. Transversospinales muscles 5. Ilium 6. Sacroiliac joint 7. Sacrum (lateral part or mass of sacrum) 8. Sacral nerves 9. Rectum (ampulla) 10. Gluteus maximus muscle 11. Levator ani muscle 12. External anal sphincter muscle

13. Interspinal ligaments 14. Spinalis muscle (part of erector spinae muscle) 15. Spinous process 16. Dorsal sacroiliac ligament 17. Vertebral canal 18. Sacrum (S2) 19. Superior gluteal artery and vein 20. Piriformis muscle 21. Inferior gluteal artery, vein, and nerve 22. Ischioanal fossa 23. Gluteal lymph nodes 24. Pararectal lymph nodes


186

MRI of the Male Pelvis

42 43 44 45 46 47


sagittal 1

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

Rectus abdominis muscle Lumbar vertebra (L5) Mesentery Promontorium Small intestine Urinary bladder (internal urethra orifice) Prostate (central zone) Prostate (anterior fibromuscular stroma) Seminal colliculus Pubis Retropubic space with vesical and prostatic venous plexus Arcuate pubic ligament Suspensory ligament of penis Urethra Corpus cavernosum Corpus spongiosum Epididymis Testis Posterior longitudinal ligament Interspinal ligaments Ligamenta flava Sacrum (S1) Vertebral canal

187

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.

Spinous process Erector spinae muscle Sigmoid colon Urinary bladder Rectovesical pouch Rectum Presacral space Seminal gland Ejaculatory duct Prostate, peripheral zone Coccyx Anococcygeal ligament Levator ani muscle Anus Perineal body Urogenital diaphragm with bulbourethral gland External anal sphincter muscle Bulbospongiosus muscle Juxta-intestinal mesenteric lymph nodes Prevertebral lymph nodes Promontorial lymph nodes Presacral lymph nodes Postvesical lymph nodes Prevesical lymph nodes


188


38 39 40 41 42

—— = Peritoneum


sagittal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

Common iliac artery and vein Lumbar vertebra (L5) Internal iliac artery and vein Intervertebral disk L5-S1 Mesentery Small intestine Rectus abdominis muscle Urinary bladder Prostate (central zone) Prostate (anterior fibromuscular stroma) Retropubic space with vesical and prostatic venous plexus Pubis Prostate (peripheral zone) Urogenital diaphragm Corpus cavernosum Corpus spongiosum Urethra Bulbospongiosus muscle Testis Ligamenta flava Spinous process Multifidus muscle

189

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

23. Sacrum (1) 24. Vertebral canal 25. Spinal nerve (part of cauda equina) 26. Lateral sacral artery 27. Erector spinae muscle 28. Sigmoid colon 29. Presacral space 30. Rectovesical pouch 31. Coccyx 32. Seminal gland 33. Rectum 34. Anococcygeal ligament 35. Levator ani muscle 36. External anal sphincter muscle (superficial and deep part) 37. External anal sphincter muscle (subcutaneous part) 38. Common iliac lymph nodes 39. Juxta-intestinal mesenteric lymph nodes 40. Presacral lymph nodes 41. Postvesical lymph nodes 42. Prevesical lymph node


190


35 36 37 38

—— = Peritoneum


sagittal 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

Lumbar vertebra (L5) Common iliac artery and vein Intervertebral disk L5-S1 Rectus abdominis muscle Small intestine Urinary bladder Prostate, peripheral zone Retropubic space with vesical and prostatic venous plexus Urogenital diaphragm Pubis Adductor brevis muscle Obturator externus muscle Dorsal vein of penis Corpus cavernosum Corpus spongiosum Urethra Epididymis Testis Intervertebral foramen

191

20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

Inferior articular process Sacrum (1) Erector spinae muscle Thoracolumbar fascia Sigmoid colon Presacral space Rectovesical pouch Seminal gland Rectum Coccyx Levator ani muscle Gluteus maximus muscle External anal sphincter muscle Bulbospongiosus muscle Ischiocavernosus muscle Common iliac lymph nodes Presacral lymph nodes Pararectal lymph nodes Prevesical lymph node


192


33 34 35 36 37


sagittal 1

20

2

21

3

22

4

23

5 6

24

7

25

8

26 27 28

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

Common iliac artery and vein Inferior mesenteric artery Superior gluteal veins External iliac artery Internal iliac artery and vein Ureter Rectus abdominis muscle Small intestine Urinary bladder Pubis Obturator externus muscle Adductor magnus muscle Adductor longus muscle Corpus cavernosum Inguinal canal Corpus spongiosum Epididymis Testis Gracilis muscle

193

29 30 31 12 32

20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

Longissimus muscle Lateral sacral arteries and veins Sacral nerves Sacrum (lateral part or mass of sacrum) Piriformis muscle Gluteus maximus muscle Seminal gland Coccygeus muscle Levator ani muscle Obturator internus muscle Ischium Semitendineus muscle Adductor brevis muscle Common iliac lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes Internal iliac lymph nodes Gluteal lymph nodes Lateral vesical lymph nodes


194


46 47

48

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

25 26 27 28

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1. Internal abdominal oblique muscle 2. Transversus abdominis muscle 3. External abdominal oblique muscle 4. Anterior superior iliac spine 5. Psoas major muscle 6. Femoral nerve 7. Iliacus muscle 8. Ilium 9. Gluteus minimus muscle 10. Gluteus medius muscle 11. Facies lunata acetabuli (acetabular roof) 12. Acetabular lip 13. Femur (head) 14. Iliofemoral ligament 15. Ligament of head of femur 16. Neck of femur 17. Obturator externus muscle 18. Medial circumflex femoral artery 19. Iliopsoas muscle 20. Adductor minimus muscle 21. Pectineus muscle 22. Vastus lateralis muscle 23. Adductor brevis muscle

195

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48.

Vastus intermedius muscle Lumbar vertebra 4 Intervertebral disk L4-L5 Lumbar arteries Small intestine Common iliac artery and vein Sigmoid colon Urinary bladder Hip joint Obturator artery and vein Fovea for ligament of head Obturator internus muscle Greater trochanter Pubis Urogenital diaphragm Corpus cavernosum Ischiocavernosus muscle Corpus spongiosum Bulbospongiosus muscle Femoral artery and vein Gracilis muscle Adductor longus muscle Prevertebral lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes Lateral vesical lymph nodes


196


49 50 51

—— = Peritoneum

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Transversus abdominis muscle Internal oblique muscle External oblique muscle Anterior superior iliac spine Psoas major muscle

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Iliacus muscle Obturator nerve Ilium Gluteus minimus muscle Gluteus medius muscle


coronal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

11. Obturator artery, vein and nerve 12. Facies lunata acetabuli (acetabular roof) 13. Head of femur 14. Iliofemoral ligament 15. Greater trochanter 16. Neck of femur 17. Obturator internus muscle (urogenital diaphragm) 18. Medial circumflex femoral artery 19. Obturator externus muscle 20. Pubis 21. Pectineus muscle 22. Adductor minimus muscle 23. Adductor brevis muscle 24. Iliopsoas muscle 25. Adductor magnus muscle 26. Intervertebral disk L4-L5 27. Lumbar vertebra (L5) 28. Ascending lumbar vein 29. Superior rectal artery and vein 30. Common iliac artery and vein

197 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51.

Sigmoid colon Urinary bladder Ureter Prostate (central zone) Hip joint Prostatic venous plexus Ligament of head of femur Orbicular zone Prostate (peripheral zone) Prostate (transition zone) Ureter Corpus spongiosum Corpus cavernosum Ischiocavernosus muscle Bulbospongiosus muscle Gracilis muscle Vastus lateralis muscle Vastus intermedius muscle Promontorial lymph nodes Common iliac lymph nodes Lateral vesical lymph nodes


198


44 45 46

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

199 25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

22 23 24

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

Transversus abdominis muscle Internal oblique muscle External oblique muscle Iliac crest Iliacus muscle Ilium Gluteus medius muscle Sacroiliac joint Internal iliac artery and vein Gluteus maximus muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Acetabular lip Ureter Vesical venous plexus Insertion of gluteus minimus and medius muscle (greater trochanter) Obturator internus muscle Gemellus inferior muscle Obturator externus muscle Quadratus femoris muscle Ischial tuberosity Lesser trochanter Adductor magnus muscle

23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.

Vastus lateralis muscle Gracilis muscle Transversospinalis muscles Cauda equina Spinal dura Sacrum Sacrum (ala) Superior rectal artery Sigmoid colon Obturator artery and vein Urinary bladder Seminal gland Prostate (central zone) Capsula articularis Prostate (peripheral zone) Levator ani muscle Rectum (wall) Internal pudendal artery and vein Ischiocavernosus muscle Urogenital diaphragm Bulbospongiosus muscle Presacral lymph nodes Internal iliac lymph nodes Lateral vesical lymph nodes


200


38 39 40 41

—— = Peritoneum


coronal

201

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

23

19

37

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

20 21 22

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

Quadratus lumborum muscle Iliac crest Zygapophysial joint Interosseous sacroiliac ligaments Sacrum (ala) Sacroiliac joint Sacral nerves Ilium (ala) Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus maximus muscle Ureter Piriformis muscle Gemellus superior muscle Ilium Obturator internus muscle Gemellus inferior muscle Quadratus femoris muscle External anal sphincter muscle Adductor minimus muscle Ischiocavernosus muscle Adductor magnus muscle

22. Vastus lateralis muscle 23. Spinal dura 24. Inferior articular process (zygapophysis) 25. Sacrum (S1) 26. Intervertebral disk S1-S2 27. Superior rectal artery 28. Internal iliac artery and vein 29. Sigmoid colon 30. Vesical venous plexus 31. Urinary bladder 32. Seminal gland 33. Rectum (ampulla) 34. Levator ani muscle 35. Ischiorectal fossa 36. Intertrochanteric crest 37. Ischial tuberosity 38. Presacral lymph nodes 39. Internal iliac lymph nodes 40. Postvesical lymph nodes 41. Pararectal lymph nodes


202


32 33 34


coronal

203

1

19

2

20 21

3

22

4

23

5

24

6

25

7

26

8 9

27

10

28

11

29

12

30

13

31

14 15 16 17 18

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Quadratus lumborum muscle Multifidus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Sacroiliac-joint Superior gluteal artery and vein Gluteus maximus muscle Sacral plexus Piriformis muscle Gemellus superior muscle Obturator internus muscle Gemellus inferior muscle Greater trochanter Ischiorectal fossa Quadratus femoris muscle Adductor minimus muscle Sciatic nerve Adductor magnus muscle Vastus lateralis muscle

19. Interspinous ligaments 20. Inferior articular process (zygapophysis, L4) 21. Lumbar vertebra (L5) 22. Spinal nerve (L5) 23. Sacrum 24. Ilium 25. Internal iliac artery and vein 26. Rectum 27. Seminal gland 28. Levator ani muscle 29. External anal sphincter muscle 30. Ischium 31. Ischiocavernosus muscle 32. Presacral lymph nodes 33. Gluteal lymph nodes (superior and inferior) 34. Pararectal lymph nodes


204

MRI of the Prostate


axial

205

1 2 3

15

4 5

16

6

17 18

7

19

8

20

9

21

10

22

11

23

12 13 24

14

1. Fundiform and suspensory ligaments of penis 2. Pubic symphysis 3. Pubis 4. Pectineus muscle 5. Urinary bladder 6. Prostatic venous plexus (anterior venous plexus of Santorini) 7. Urethra 8. Capsule of prostate 9. Lateral venous plexus (neurovascular bundle) 10. Levator ani muscle 11. Ischiorectal fossa 12. Anus 13. Ischium 14. Coccyx

25

15. Femoral artery, vein and nerve 16. Obturator externus muscle 17. Prostate (anterior portion, anterior fibromuscular stroma, Isthmus) 18. Prostate (central portion, transition zone) 19. Prostate (central portion, central zone) 20. Prostate (middle lobe with seminal colliculus) 21. Ejaculatory duct 22. Prostate (peripheral zone) 23. Obturator internus muscle 24. Gluteus maximus muscle 25. Anococygeal ligament


206

MRI of the Prostate

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Ilium (acetabular roof) Hip joint Urinary bladder Ligament of head of femur Seminal gland

1 2


axial

207 23 14 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 20 31 19

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

23

14 15

25

16

32

17

26

18 19

33

20

9

11

12

21

34

22

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

Obturator internus muscle Levator ani muscle Medial circumflex femoral artery Pubis Adductor minimus muscle Corpus cavernosum Ischiocavernosus muscle Adductor brevis muscle Lateral venous plexus Urethra Ejaculatory duct Colliculus seminalis (openings of the ejaculatory duct) Capsule of prostate Pectineus muscle Corpus spongiosum Iliopsoas muscle

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

Adductor magnus muscle Ureter Head of femur Central zone of prostate Peripheral zone of prostate Anterior fibromuscular stroma (anterior portion) of prostate Obturator externus muscle Prostatic venous plexus and puboprostatic ligament Urogenital diaphragm Bulbospongiosus muscle Prostate (middle lobe with seminal colliculus) Urethral sphincter muscle and urogenital diaphragm Gracilis muscle


208

MRI of the Testes


sagittal

1

209

16

2

17

3

18 3 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 1

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

26

13 14

27

15

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Femoral artery and vein Pubis Pectineus muscle Adductor longus muscle Adductor brevis muscle Suspensory ligament of penis Superficial inguinal ring Corpus cavernosum Urethra Mediastinum of testis Epididymidis (head) Septa testis Tunica albuginea Septum of scrotum Scrotal cavity

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

Pyramidalis muscle Pubic symphysis Iliopsoas muscle Deep dorsal vein of penis Femoral nerve Spermatic fascia and cremaster muscle Obturator externus muscle Ductus deferens Corpus spongiosum Left scrotal cavitiy Epididymidis (body) Wall of scrotum (with dartos fascia, spermatic fascia, and cremaster muscle)


210

MR-Angiography of the Lower Extremity


MR-Angiography

1

211

11

2 3 4

12

5 6

13 14

7 8 9

15

10 16

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Lumbar arteries Aortic bifurcation Right common iliac artery Right internal iliac artery Superior gluteal artery Internal pudendal artery Lateral femoral circumflex artery (ascending branch) 8. Lateral femoral circumflex artery (transverse branch)

9. Lateral femoral circumflex artery (descending branch) 10. Deep femoral artery (perforating arteries) 11. Abdominal aorta 12. Superior rectal artery 13. External iliac artery 14. Common femoral artery 15. Deep femoral artery 16. Superficial femoral artery


212

MR-Angiography of the Lower Extremity


MR-Angiography

1

2

3 4 5 6

1. Superficial femoral artery 2. Popliteal artery 3. Common trunk of posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery

4. Anterior tibial artery 5. Peroneal artery 6. Posterior tibial artery


213

214

References Basset, L. W., R. U. Gold, L. L. Seeger: MRI Atlas of the Musculoskeletal System. Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag, Köln 1989 Beyer-Enke, S. A., K. Tiedemann, J. Görich, A. Gamroth: Dünnschichtcomputertomographie der Schädelbasis, Radiologe 27 1987: 438−488 Cahill, D. R., M. J. Orland, C. C. Reading: Atlas of Human Cross-Sectional Anatomy. Wiley-Liss 1990 Chacko, A. K., R. W. Katzberg, A. Mac Kay: MRI Atlas of Normal Anatomy. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York 1991 El-Khoury, G. Y., R. A. Bergman, E. J. Montgomery: Sectional Anatomy by MRI/CT. Churchill, Livingstone 1990 Feneis, H.: Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy, Thieme, Stuttgart 2000 Han-Kim: Sectional Human Anatomy. Ilchokak, Seoul; Igaku-Shoin, New York − Tokio 1989 Huk, W. J., G. Gademann, G. Freidmann: MRI of Central Nervous System Diseases. Springer, Berlin 1990 Kahle, W., H. Leonhard, W. Platzer: Taschenatlas der Anatomie. Thieme, Stuttgart 1999 Kang, M. S., D. Resnick: MRI of the Extremities: An Anatomic Atlas. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia 1991 Koritke, J. G., H. Sick: Atlas of Sectional Human Anatomy. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimore − München 1988 Kretschmann, H.-J., W. Weinrich: Klinische Neuroanatomie und kranielle Bilddiagnostik, Thieme, Stuttgart 1991

Leblanc, A.: Anatomy and Imaging of the Cranial Nerves, Springer, Berlin 1992 Meschan, I.: Synopsis of Radiologic Anatomy. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia Middleton, W. D., T. L. Lawson (eds.): Anatomy and MRI of the Joints. Raven Press 1989 Möller, T. B., E. Reif: MR-Atlas des muskuloskelettalen Systems. Blackwell, Berlin 1993 Rauber/Kopsch: Anatomie des Menschen. Lehrbuch und Atlas. (Hrsg. U. Leonhardt, B. Tillmann, G. Töndury, K. Zilles). Band 1 Bewegungsapparat. Thieme, Stuttgart 1987 Richter, E., T. Feyerabend: Normal Lymph Node Topography. Springer, Berlin 1991 Schnitzlein, H. N., F. Reed Murtagh: Imaging Atlas of the Head and Spine. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimore 1990 Stark, D. D., W. G. Bradley: Magnetic Resonance Imaging., Mosby, St. Louis 1999 v. Hagens, G., L. J. Romrell, M. H. Ross, K. Tiedemann: The Visible Human Body. Lea & Febinger, Philadelphia 1991 Wegener, O. H.: Ganzkörpercomputertomographie. Blackwell, Berlin 1992 Witzig, H.: Punkt − Punkt − Komma − Strich. Falken Niedernhausen 1991


215

Index A abdomen 62−139 axial 62−109 coronal 128−39 sagittal 110−27 acetabular lip 155, 157 acetabular roof 153, 167, 175−9, 195, 206 acromioclavicular joint 52 adipose tissue renal sinus 81, 85 subpericardial 33−9 ampulla of ductus deferens 105 anal canal 161, 169 anus 132, 160−1, 169, 183, 187, 205 aorta 132, 160 abdominal 51−3, 65−7, 71−89, 141−3, 173−5, 211 ascending 13−9, 31−8, 48 bifurcation 141, 175, 211 descending 13−29, 37−9, 55, 59, 121, 137 thoracic 139 aortic arch 11, 40, 51−9 aortic bulb 37−8 aortic hiatus 69 aortic valve 37−8, 48 aorticopulmonary window 13, 39−40, 52 aponeurosis, gluteal 149−51 appendix, vermiform 131−3 areolar duct 61 arteries anterior tibial 213 appendicular 131 axillary 7−9, 51 brachial 55 brachiocephalic 7, 9 circumflex femoral 175 colic 117 colic media 121 common carotid 7−9, 38, 51 common femoral 211 common hepatic 143 common iliac 97, 117−21, 133, 163, 189−97 left 141 right 141

deep femoral 211 perforating arteries 211 deep of thigh 173−5 epigastric 95−9 external iliac 97−105, 131−3, 141, 149, 151−3, 165, 173−5, 193, 211 femoral 109, 155−9, 167, 171−3, 195, 205, 209 gastric 125 gastroduodenal 143 hepatic 68, 115, 132, 143 ileal 79−97, 143 ileocolic 131−3, 143 iliolumbar 167, 177 inferior epigastric 97, 103, 149 inferior gastric 101 inferior gluteal 97, 105, 185 inferior mesenteric 119−21, 133, 173, 193 inferior pancreaticoduodenal 75 intercostal 111, 115−7 internal carotid 3−5 internal iliac 97−101, 133−5, 141, 153, 163, 177−81, 189, 193, 199, 201−3 internal pudendal 109, 199, 201 internal thoracic 13, 17−25, 47 jejunal 79−89, 131, 143 lateral circumflex 109 lateral femoral circumflex 211 ascending branch 211 descending branch 211 transverse branch 211 lateral sacral 189, 193 left colic 93−7, 133 left common iliac 91−3, 175 left coronary 19−21, 38, 45, 51 anterior interventricular branch 40, 45 circumflex branch 25, 40, 45−9 interventricular branch 23 left gastric 63−5, 119−21, 143 left gastroepiploic 131 left hepatic 143 left pulmonary 15, 40−3, 55−9 lateral basal branch 59 lingular branch 59 posterior basal branch 59 upper lobe 59


216

Index

arteries, left pulmonary branches 59 left renal 75−9, 121, 135, 141 left subclavian 49 left testicular 79−85, 87 lumbar 77−9, 141, 177−9, 195, 211 medial circumflex femoral 179, 195− 7, 207 middle colic 93 obturator 105−7, 153, 165, 195−9 ovarian 149, 163 peroneal 213 common trunk 213 popliteal 213 posterior gastric 63 posterior intercostal 41 posterior tibial 213 common trunk 213 pulmonary 57 renal 115−7, 123, 136, 140−1 inferior capsular branch 141 right colic 87−91, 95, 131, 143 right common carotid 48 right common iliac 91−3, 173−5, 211 right coronary 19, 21−5, 31−5, 49, 51 posterior interventricular branch 33, 37 right marginal branch 37 terminal branch 33 gastroepiploic 117, 129 right hepatic 143 right internal iliac 211 right pulmonary 15−7, 31−4, 37, 51−2, 55, 59 anterior basal branch 59 ascending branch 59 basal part 59 inferior lobe 59 superior branch 59 superior lobe 59 apical branch 59 posterior branch 59 right renal 75−9, 141 right testicular 81−7 sigmoid 133, 173, 181−3 splenic 123−7, 133−7, 141−3 subclavian 3−9, 31−2, 39−48 superficial epigastric 105−9, 171 superficial femoral 213 superior femoral 211

superior gluteal 139, 165−7, 177, 181, 185, 203, 211 superior mesenteric 66, 69−89, 121, 131−2, 143, 173 superior rectal 99−101, 133−9, 149, 161, 177−9, 197−201, 211 superior vesical 199 suprarenal 67 arteries, testicular 89−93 sinister 83 thoracodorsal 11−5 thyroidea ima 47−9 uterine 177 vertebral 41−9 articular process (zygapophysis) 121, 139 inferior 121, 139, 191−203 superior 33, 121, 139 atrioventricular (mitral) valve left 41−3, 51 atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve right 23−25, 33−9 atrium left 17−23, 33−43, 51−3, 59 right 21−25, 31−7, 47−51, 117−9 auricle left 40, 49 right 19, 31−5

B bile duct 68, 115−7, 147 brachial plexus 3−7, 43−5 brachiocephalic trunk 32−6, 48 breast glandular tissue 17, 47−9 left 47−9 right 47−51 bronchus(i) inferior lingular 45 left inferior lobar 17−21, 45 left superior lobar 45 main stem left 13−5, 39−43, 55 right 13−5, 31, 55 right inferior lobar 17−9, 55 superior lingular 45 bulbourethral gland 187 bursa omental 81, 121, 131


Index C caecum see cecum canalis cervicis 161 capsula articularis 199 cardia notch 63 cartilage thyroid 47 cauda equina 119, 139, 161, 180, 189, 199 cecum 95, 111−3, 129−31, 135 celiac trunk 63 cervical canal 169, 181 cervical plexus 51, 52 cervix uterus 181 cisterna chyli 83 clavicle 3−7, 31−4, 38−40, 45−50 clitoris body 161 crus 175 coccyx 107, 155, 161, 187−91, 205 c(o)eliac trunk 67, 121, 134, 142−3 colic flexure left 63−5 right 75, 79−81 colliculus seminalis 207 colon 167 ascending 83−93, 115, 131−7, 173−5 descending 67−81, 89−97, 125−7, 131−9 sigmoid 99−101, 129−37, 177−83, 187−91, 195−201 distal part 149 transverse 67−81, 85−7, 91−5, 113−29 conus arteriosus 19−21, 41, 47 Cooper’s ligament 61 coracoid process 3, 51 coronary sinus 37−41, 51 corpus cavernosum (penis) 187−97, 207−9 corpus spongiosum (penis) 187−97, 207−9 costal cartilage 43 costodiaphragmatic recess 49−55, 63− 73, 113−5, 127, 131−7 costovertebral joint 3−5, 21, 27 crista terminalis 21

217

cystic duct 147 pars flaccida 147 spiral fold 147

D dartos fascia 209 diaphragm 27−57, 63−83, 111−130, 135− 6, 139 costal part 111, 123−5 costodiaphragmatic recess 111 lumbar part 37, 117, 121−5 right crus 136, 139 urogenital 181, 187−91, 195−9, 207 duct ejaculatory 187, 205−7 opening 207 ductus deferens 209 ampulla 105 duodenal papilla 147 duodenal recess inferior 73−5 superior 69 duodenojejunal flexure 79 duodenum 75−81, 115−7, 133−5, 147 descending part 66, 71−3, 119−21, 136 horizontal part 133 superior part 68

E endometrium 169 epididymis 187, 191−3 body 209 head 209 esophagus 3−7, 11−29, 35−9, 51−5, 121 hiatus 137 extremity, lower MR-arterial angiography 210−213

F facies lunata acetabuli 195 fascia lata 107−9 fascia thoracolumbar 121, 191 fatty island 61 femur 159 head 107, 153, 157, 175−9, 195−7, 207 ligament 195−7, 206


218

Index

femur intertrochanteric part 109 neck 177−9, 195−7 fissura oblique 43 flexure left colic 131−5 right colon 111, 129−31 foramen 33 epiploic 67 intervertebral 121, 191 sacral I 97 sacral II 99 sacral III 99 fossa acetabuli 167 glenoidalis 53 ischioanal 185 ischiorectal 107−9, 179−83, 201−5 paravesical 103 fovea capitis femoris 167 fovea for ligament of head 195

G gallbladder 68−79, 113, 131 body 147 neck 147 glandular body 61 glenohumeral joint 55 glenoid cavity 51, 55 groove medial of psoas muscle 93, 97 gutter of psoas muscle 91 lateral 95 medial 95

H heart 61, 121−5 apex 49, 127−9 base 27 hepatic duct 147 common 147 left 147 right 147 hepatorenal recess 73−85 hiatus sacralis 102 hilum of liver 67−9 renal 77−81 of spleen 67

hip joint 133, 153, 179, 195−7, 206 humerus head 3, 51−5

I ileum 81−5, 89−93, 97, 117, 133−5, 149 terminal 91, 131−3 iliac crest 111−2, 123, 131−9, 173−80, 199−201 iliac spine 115−7, 127 anterior superior 129, 171 superior 167 iliotibial tract 157−9, 177−9 ilium 93, 97, 125, 131, 135, 149−55, 165, 171, 185, 195−6, 199−206 acetabular roof 133 ala 93−5, 99, 137−9, 173−80, 201 body 101−5, 167, 175−9 infrapiriform openig 103 inguinal canal 105, 193 inguinal canal 193 inguinal ring superficial 209 interartricular septum 35 interventricular septum 41 intervertebral disk 50 (L1-L2) 119 (L2-L3) 121, 138, 177 (L3-L4) 135 (L4-L5) 160, 195−7 (L5-S1) 191 (S1-S2) 183, 201 (T9-T10) 55 intervertebral space 33−9 intestine small 111−7, 121−7, 137, 151, 161−5, 171, 187−95 ischial spine 155, 165 ischial tuberosity 157−9, 167, 199−201 ischiorectal fossa 163 ischium 107−9, 163, 181−3, 193, 203−5 ramus 177−81

J jejunum 67−91, 99, 111−3, 129, 133−5, 173−5 jugular notch 47


Index K kidney 53, 179−80 fatty capsule 125−7, 183 left 45, 67−71, 83−5, 123−7, 137−9 right 73−7, 81, 87, 111−5, 136, 139, 177

L labium majus 161, 169, 173−5 labium minus 161, 169, 177, 181 labrum glenoidale 195 ligaments anococcygeal 161, 169, 187−9, 205 anterior longitudinal 35, 39, 50, 53, 119−21 arcuate pubic 169, 187 coracoclavicular 51 dorsal sacroiliac 139, 163−5, 185 falciform of liver 129−30 fundiform of penis 205 head of femur 155, 195−7, 206 hepatoduodenal 67 iliofemoral 157, 175−81, 195−7 iliolumbar 181 interosseous sacroliliac 201 interspinal 37, 55−7, 183−7 interspinous 203 posterior longitudinal 161, 187 puboprostatic 207 round 67 notch for 67 round, of liver 66−8 round of uterus 151, 163−5 sacroiliac 183 sacrospinous 153−5 sacrotuberous 149, 163 sternopericardial 47 supraspinous 3, 37 suspensory of penis 107−9, 187, 205, 209 transverse perineal 175 uterosacral 153 ligamenta flava 35−9, 57, 119, 139, 161, 187−9 linea alba 66, 87−9 liver 27, 31−57, 68, 71−85, 113, 119−23 bare area 63−5 caudate lobe 63−66, 119 falciform ligament 129−30

219

hilum 67−9 left lobe 29, 63, 66, 69−71, 129−31 quadrate lobe 117 right lobe 29, 63−5, 111−5, 129−139 round ligament 66 lobus medius 205 lumbar plexus 93−5, 137, 163−5 lumbar triangle 87 lumbosacral plexus 117, 123 lung 119, 123−7 apical part 53 left 2, 5−27, 36−42, 47−9, 53−7, 63−7, 129−39 inferior lobe 43 lower lobe 2, 10−28, 42−5, 54−5 upper lobe 2, 6−8, 12−6, 42−6 right 2, 7−34, 47−8, 51−7, 61, 111, 115−7, 129−30, 134−9 lower lobe 2, 12−30, 54−6 middle lobe 2, 18−30, 46, 54 retroesophageal recess 19 upper lobe 2, 6−12, 16, 30, 46, 54− 56 lymph nodes anterior cervical 3−5 anterior mediastinal 7−17, 31−3, 37− 41, 47−9 of aorticopulmonary window 13−5 aortopulmonal 41 axillary 53 bronchopulmonary 15−21, 31, 39−41, 53 coelic 121, 131 common iliac 75, 91−9, 117−23, 133, 161, 173, 189−95 cystic 71 deep axillary 5−7, 51 lymph nodes, deep cervical 31−3, 39− 43 deep ingual 167, 175 deep inguinal 153−9 external iliac 101−5, 149−53, 163−5, 173−5, 193 gastro-omental 117−23, 129−35 gluteal 165−7, 183−5, 193 hepatic 67, 115−7 inferior diaphragmatic 63−5, 137 inferior gluteal 101, 203 inferior mesenteric 133, 173 inferior phrenic 29, 37 inguinal 107−9, 165 intercostal 5−29, 43, 63−5, 69−89


220

Index

lymph nodes internal iliac 135, 149, 163, 177, 179− 81, 193, 199−201 interpectoral 7−11 jugular 3−5 juxtaesophageal 17−25, 35−7, 55 juxtaintestinal 123−31, 135, 149−51, 173 juxtaintestinal mesenteric 161, 187−9 lateral pericardial 23−7, 47 lateral vesical 193−9 left gastroomental 29 lumbar 13−5, 71−91, 121, 133−5, 173− 5 medial lacunar 155 mesenteric 113−15, 119−21 nuchal 43−5 obturator 151−5, 165 pancreatic 67, 117−27, 137 para-aortal 15−29 paracolic 113−5, 127, 131−7, 149 paraesophageal 3−15 paramammary 23 pararectal 103−9, 149−59, 163, 183−5, 191, 201−3 parasternal 11−27, 33, 37−41 paratracheal 3−11, 15, 33−7, 49−53 parauterine 151−3, 163, 179−83 paravaginal 155−9, 163, 177−81 paravertebral 7−13, 17−37, 41 paravesical 153−5, 173−5 postcaval 117−21 posterior intercostal 31, 41 postvesical 155−7, 177, 187−9, 201 preaortic 133 prepericardial 19−27, 35, 43−5 presacral 161, 181, 187−91, 199−203 prevertebral 39, 51−5, 135−7, 177, 187, 195 prevertebral anal 161 prevesical 157, 161, 187−91 promontorial 161 promontorial 97, 177−9, 187, 197 pulmonal 43−5 rectal 157 right gastric 29 right gastro-omental 125 Rosenmüller-Cloquet 155 sacral 99−101, 149−53 splenic 127, 137−7 subclavicular 3 superficial axillary 9−11, 51

superficial cervical 31, 41−5, 49 superficial ingual 167, 173 superficial inguinal 155−9, 171 superior diaphragmatic 63−9, 137−9 superior gluteal 149−53, 203 superior mesenteric 59−71, 131, 173 superior phrenic 27−9, 37 supraclavicular 3, 31−3, 43−5, 49 thyroid 33, 39 tracheobronchial 13, 35−9

M mammary duct 61 mammography, MR 60−61 manubrium of sternum 7−11, 34−40 mediastinum posterior 63−9 of testis 209 mesentericocolic gutter left 71, 75−89, 91−7 right 89−95 mesentericocolic recess left 73 mesenterium 81−5, 89 mesentery 115, 121, 125, 173, 187−9 root of 79 mesocolon transverse 81−7 MRCP 146−7 muscles adductor brevis 163−7, 173−5, 191−7, 207−9 adductor longus 163−7, 171−5, 193−5, 209 adductor magnus 163−7, 177−83, 193, 197−203, 207 adductor minimus 195−7, 201−3, 207 anterior papillary 39, 45 anterior scalene 3, 43−5, 49 anterior serratus 45, 61 anterior superior iliac 195−6 biceps 53 bulbospongiosus 179−81, 187−91, 195−9, 207 coccygeus 193 coracobrachial 53 cremaster 209 deep transverse perineal 161−3, 169, 177−81 deltoid 3−9, 49, 57


Index erector spinae 3−7, 11, 15−33, 39−41, 57, 111−27, 161−3, 181−91 external abdominal oblique 111, 127− 31, 135−9, 171−81, 195−6 external anal sphincter 161, 169, 183−7, 191, 201−3 deep part 189 subcutaneous part 189 superficial part 189 external intercostal 111−3, 129−33, 139 external oblique 29, 63−73, 77−95, 111−113, 117, 133, 199 gemellus inferior 157, 167, 183, 199− 201 gemellus superior 155, 167, 183, 201− 3 gluteus maximus 95−109, 113, 125−7, 139, 149−59, 163−7, 181−5, 191−3, 199−205 gluteus medius 93−105, 111−3, 127− 39, 149−57, 167, 171−83, 196, 199− 203 insertion 199 gluteus minimus 97−9, 103−9, 131−5, 149, 153−5, 167, 173−81, 195−6, 199 insertion 199 gracilis 177−9, 193−99, 207 iliacus 93−7, 111, 127−35, 149, 165−7, 173−9, 195−6 iliocostalis 57, 139, 165−7, 181−5 thoracic part 63−79 iliocostalis lumborum 81−9, 127 iliopsoas 99−109, 129, 151−7, 167, 171−9, 195−7, 207−9 infraspinatus 3−17, 52, 57 infraspinous 5 intercostal 5−31, 41−49, 53−57, 115−7, 125−7 internal abdominal oblique 127−39, 149−53, 171−81, 195−6 internal intercostal 111−3, 129 internal oblique 71−87, 91−9, 111−3, 199 interspinales lumborum 163 interspinalis 183 intertransversarii 123, 183 ischiocavernosus 191, 195−203, 207 lateral lumbar 123 latissimus dorsi 5−29, 41−5, 55−7, 63−81, 111−5, 123−7, 139, 181−5 levator ani 107−9, 155−63, 169, 177−

221

93, 199−207 levator scapulae 45, 55−7 longissimus 57, 183−5, 193 longissimus thoracis 63−93 longus colli 3, 31−3, 41, 50−2 lumbar iliocostalis 163 lumbar interspinal 161 lumbar intertransverarii 181 medial scalene 3, 45, 50 multifidus 33−5, 39−45, 55, 181−3, 189, 203 obturator 181 obturator externus 107−9, 157−9, 165−7, 173−9, 191−9, 205−9 obturator internus 103−9, 151−9, 163−7, 177−83, 193−7, 201, 205−7 omohyoid 32−8, 47 papillary of left ventricle 49 pectineus 109, 157−9, 163−7, 171−5, 195−7, 205−9 pectoralis 61, 115−7, 123 pectoralis major 3−15, 19, 31−3, 40− 8, 125−7 pectoralis minor 3−15, 47−8 piriformis 101−5, 137−9, 149−51, 155, 163−5, 183−5, 193, 201−3 posterior papillary 43 posterior scalene 3, 43−5, 50−2 posterior serratus 39, 43−5, 57 posterior serratus superior 35, 41 psoas 85 gutter 91 lateral 95 medial 95 medial groove 93, 97 psoas major 73−97, 113−7, 123−5, 131−9, 163−7, 173−80, 195−6 pubovaginalis 181 pyramidalis 171, 209 quadratus femoris 109, 157−9, 167, 181−3, 199, 201−3 quadratus lumborum 73−91, 111−7, 125−7, 137−9, 163, 167, 179−83, 201−3 rectus abdominis 27−35, 39−43, 63− 6, 69−71, 75−9, 83−107, 113−29, 149−57, 161−71, 187−93 rectus femoris 107−9, 151−9, 171−5 rhomboid 3−7 rhomboid major 9−17, 35, 39−45 sartorius 101−7, 149−57, 173 semimembranosus 167


222

Index

muscles semispinalis capitis 31−5, 39 semispinalis cervicis 55 semispinalis thoracis 33−5, 39 semisplenius cervicis 41 semisplenius thoracis 41−5 semitendineus 193 semitendinosus 181−3 serratus anterior 3−7, 15−27, 49−52, 55, 129−39 serratus posterior inferior 111−3, 127, 183 spinalis 63−97, 185 splenius cervicis 57 splenius cervicis and capitis 31−5, 39−43 sternocleidomastoid 3−5, 31−4, 40, 47−8 sternohyoid 32−8, 47 sternothyroid 3, 32−8, 47 subclavius 5, 49−51 subscapularis 5−17, 51−7 supraspinatus 3, 7−9, 51−7 tensor fasciae latae 103−9, 149−59, 171−5 teres major 5−17, 57 teres minor 13, 55−7 thorax 129 transversus abdominis 81−99, 111−3, 127−39, 149−53, 171−81, 195−6, 199 transversus thoracis 111−7, 123−5 transversospinales 57, 139, 183−5, 199 trapezius 3−11, 15−25, 31−45, 51−7 triceps 53−5 triceps brachii 7 long head 7 urethral sphincter 161, 207 vastus intermedius 157, 177, 195−7 vastus lateralis 157−9, 171−81, 195− 203 myocardium 23, 41 left ventricle 25 myometrium 169

149, 153−9, 163−7, 171−9, 195, 205, 209 inferior gluteal 185 intercostal 111, 115 internal obturator 149 lateral femoral cutaneous 159, 163 long thoracic 17−21 lumbar V 93 median 53 obturator 151, 155, 179, 196−7 phrenic 9−15, 21−5, 48 posterior sacral I 97 recurrent laryngeal 7−9, 13−5 sacral 163, 185, 193, 201 sacral II 99 sacral III 99 sciatic 107−9, 149−59, 167, 183, 203 spinal 71, 189 spinal (L5) 203 spinal (T9) 57 vagus 3−5, 9, 25−9 nipple 61 glandular tissue 17 notch for round ligament 67−9

O oblique fissure 45 obturator canal 109 obturator membrane 109 omental bursa 67, 73 vestibule 71 omentum greater 67−9, 73−9, 83−91, 97, 115− 25, 129 lesser 119, 129 orbicular zone 197 os ischii 165 ostium cardiacum 63 ostium uteri 161 oval fossa 51 ovary 165 left 149 right 149

N nerves anterior sacral 97 axillary 51 femoral 91, 101, 105−9, 115, 131, 135,

P palmate folds 169 pancreas 67−73, 117−27


Index body 131−3 head 132, 135 tail 137 pancreatic duct 147 paracolic gutter left 63−91, 95−7 right 87−95 paravesical fossa 101 pedicle 121 pelvis female 148−185 axial 148−159 coronal 170−185 sagittal 160−9 male coronal 194−203 sagittal 186−191 penis deep dorsal vein 209 dorsal vein 191 fundiform ligament 205 root 109 suspensory ligament 107−9, 187, 205, 209 pericardium 20−6, 30, 34−6, 39, 42−4, 50−2 transverse sinus 37−9 perineal body 169, 187 phrenicomediastinal recess 47−9, 53 pleura parietal, costal part 129 portio 161, 169 presacral space 149, 161, 187−91 promontorium 119, 187 prostate 107−9 anterior fibromuscular stroma 187−9, 205−7 anterior portion 205−7 axial 204−7 capsule 205−7 central portion 205 central zone 187−9, 197−9, 207 isthmus 205 peripheral zone 187−91, 197−9, 205−7 transition zone 197, 205 pubic symphysis 109, 159, 171, 205, 209 pubis 107, 161−3, 169−75, 187−97, 205−9 body 159, 167

223

body 167 superior ramus 109, 157, 165 pulmonary trunk 15−7, 38, 49−51 valve 41, 47

R rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) 153, 161, 169 recto-vesical pouch 101−5, 187−91 rectum 99−109, 139, 151−61, 169, 183, 187−91, 203 ampulla 107, 185, 201 wall 199 renal calices 75 renal cortex 73, 77−9 renal fascia 69−75, 81 renal hilum 77−81 renal pelvis 77−85 renal pyramids 71−85 renal sinus 71−5, 81−85 retropubic space 107−9, 187−91 ribs 3−31, 47−57, 123, 127 costal cartilage 23−5, 43 eleventh 135, 139, 180 fifth 49 first 3−7, 47 ninth 57 second 5−7 seventh 43, 53, 129−31, 137 sixth 45−7, 51 tenth 55 third 7, 43, 57 root of mesentery 79

S sacral canal 99−101 sacral plexus 97, 101, 201 sacroiliac joint 99, 137−9, 180−5, 199− 203 sacrum 97−9, 103, 119, 137−9, 149−51, 161−6, 180−3, 189−91, 199, 203 ala 125, 137, 199−201 lateral part 185, 193 (S1) 187, 201 (S2) 185 scapula 5−21, 45, 50, 57 spine 3−11, 55


224

Index

scrotal cavity 209 left 209 scrotum septum 209 wall 209 seminal coliiculus 187, 205 seminal gland 187−193, 199−203, 206 septa testis 209 septum interventricular 23, 45, 49 of scrotum 209 shoulder joint 55 articular cavity 51, 55 sinus coronary 23−5 of pericardium 35 sinus subphrenicomediastinalis 51 spermatic cord 107−9 spermatic fascia 209 spinal cord 3−7, 11−29, 35−7, 51−7, 119, 161 thoracic part 9 spinal dura 180, 201 spine of scapula 7−11, 55 spinous process 23, 37, 55−7, 63, 119, 161, 185−9 (T6) 35 spleen 29, 49−57, 63−71, 125−7, 133−9 hilum 67 sternoclavicular joint 31−2, 38, 47 sternum 15−21, 31−2, 47, 61, 119−21 body 13, 23, 36 manubrium 7−11, 34−8, 40 xiphoid process 35−7 stomach 29, 43−5, 63−9, 119−21, 127−9, 137−9 antrum 131−2 body 131 cardia 135 cardiac part 123 fundus 123−5, 131−5 pylorus 135 subphrenic recess 71−3 right 63−9 sulcus coronary 21 suprarenal gland 115, 123, 137−9 left 67−71 sympathetic trunk 5−7, 11, 23−9, 137 symphysis 173 pubis 205

T tendons 157, 175 common 157, 175 biceps femoris muscle 157 rectus femoris muscle 175 semimembranosus muscle 157 semitendinosus muscle 157 vastus lateralis muscle 175 testes 187−93 medistinum 209 sagittal 208−9 thoracic duct 11−29, 53, 65−7 thoracolumbar fascia 63, 85−9, 119 thorax 2−57 axial 2−29 coronal 46−57 muscles 129 sagittal 30−45 thymus 7, 11 thyroid gland 3−5, 36−40, 49 trachea 3−11, 33, 36, 47−52 bifurcation 37 transverse process 21, 117, 163 lumber vertebra (L3) 123 (L4) 179 transverse sinus pericardium 39 trigonum lumbale 89 trochanter greater (magnus) 107, 155−7, 177−81, 195−203 lesser 179, 199 tunica albuginea 209

U umbilicus 119 ureter 87−105, 115, 123, 135−7, 149−57, 175−9, 197−201, 207 left 83−5 right 83−5 urethra 107−9, 159−61, 187−91, 205−9 urethra, internal orifice 161, 187 urinary bladder 101−5, 131−7, 151−63, 169−79, 189−201, 205−6 uterine tube infundibulum 181 uterine venous plexus 163


Index uterus 149 uterus 169 body 163, 169 cavity 151, 163, 169, 179 cavum 177 cervix 151, 181 fundus 151, 163 isthmus 163 junctional zone 169 round ligament 151, 163−5 vaginal part 153, 183

V vagal trunk 53, 137 posterior 29 vagina 155−61, 181 anterior wall 161 fornix 181 posterior wall 161, 183 wall 169 valve ileocecal 133 of pulmonary trunk 41, 47 veins ascending lumbar 75, 95, 135, 179, 197 axillary 7−9, 51 azygos 11, 17−35, 51−2, 65−7 basilic 53 brachiocephalic 7 dextra 9 sinistra 9 common iliac 97−9, 117−21, 133, 161− 3, 189, 193−7 deep dorsal of penis 209 dorsal of penis 191 epigastric 95, 99 external iliac 99−105, 131−3,149−53, 165, 173−5 femoral 109, 155−9, 167, 171−3, 195, 205, 209 great saphenous 109, 165 hemiazygos 67 hepatic 31−3, 117, 134−6 hepatic portal 65, 69, 115, 119−21, 131−4 left branch 117, 134 ileal 79−85, 89, 93−97, 145

225

inferior epigastric 97, 103, 149 inferior gastric 101 inferior gluteal 105, 185 inferior mesenteric 75, 123, 133, 175 inferior pancreaticoduodenal 75 inferior right pulmonary 59 intercostal 111, 115 internal iliac 99−101, 135, 149, 153, 163, 177−81, 186, 193, 199−203 internal jugular 3−5 internal pudendal 199 internal thoracic 13−25, 47 jejunal 79−89, 117, 131, 154, 160 jugular 31−2, 49 lateral circumflex 109 lateral sacral 193 left brachiocephalic 34−40 left colic 67, 93−7 left common iliac 93−5 left coronary 21 left gastroepiploic 131 left inferior pulmonary 43−5, 59 left internal jugular 40 left pulmonary 17−21, 43, 53−5 left renal 73−7, 121, 135 left superior pulmonary 59 anterior branch 59 apicoposterior branch 59 lingular branch 59 left testicular 81, 85−7 lumbar 77−9, 177−8 middle colic 93 obturator 165, 195−9 ovarian 123, 149, 163 portal 144−5 left branch 145 right branch 145 pulmonary 31, 41, 51 renal 79−81, 115−7, 123 right brachiocephalic 11, 48 right colic 87−91, 95 right common iliac 93 right hepatic 29, 135, 145 right branch 136 right lumbar 81 right pulmonary 53−7 middle lobe branch 59 medial part 59 right renal 75 right superior pulmonary 59


226

Index

veins,right anterior branch 59 sigmoid 181−3 splenic 67−71, 123−7, 133−7, 144−5 subclavian 5, 43−8 superficial epigastric 105−9 superior gluteal 139, 149, 165−7, 177, 181−5, 193, 203 superior mesenteric 73−89, 119, 131, 145, 173 superior rectal 149, 197 superior right pulmonary 59 apical branch 59 posterior branch 59 testicular 89−93 sinister 83 uterine 181 vena cava inferior 25−7, 31−3, 51−3, 63−6, 69− 85, 89−91, 117−9, 135−6, 160,175 left 29 superior 13−21, 31−2, 48, 51 venous plexus anterior, of Santorini 205 lateral 205−7 prostatic 187−91, 197, 205−7 rectal 183 uterine 163, 181−3 vesical 163, 187−91, 199−201 ventricle left 19, 23, 38, 41−53, 59, 131−7 myocardium 25 papillary muscle 49 right 23−5, 31−49, 129−134 ventriculus sinister 133

vertebrae 31−3 lumbar 81−91 (L1) 39 (L3) 121, 137, 179 (L4) 119, 135, 160, 177, 195 (L5) 93−5, 183, 187−91, 197, 203 transverse process 89 thoracic 3−21, 25−9, 37, 41, 63−79, 117 (T9) 35 (T10) 55, 119 (T12) 139 vertebral arch 3, 63, 139, 183 vertebral body 39 inferior surface 39 superior surface 39 vertebral canal 63−97, 139, 180−9 vesicle seminal 101−5 vesicouterine pouch 161−9 vessels pulmonary 58−59 vestibule of omental bursa 71

X xiphoid process 25 sternum 35−7

Z zygapophysial joint 121, 183, 201 zygapophysis 201−3


Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy CT and MRI

Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy

Pocket Atlas of Sectional Anatomy