Histamine in Inflammation

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ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Editorial Board: NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo IRUN R. COHEN, The Weizmann Institute of Science ABEL LAJTHA, N.S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research JOHN D. LAMBRIS, University of Pennsylvania RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan Recent Volumes in this Series Volume 701 OXYGEN TRANSPORT TO TISSUE XXXII Duane F. Bruley and J.C. LaManna Volume 702 RNA EXOSOME Torben Heick Jensen Volume 703 INFLAMMATION AND RETINAL DISEASE John D. Lambris and Anthony P. Adamis Volume 704 TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL CHANNELS Md. Shahidul Islam Volume 705 THE MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES-3 Albert M. Wu Volume 706 ADHESION-GPCRs: STRUCTURE TO FUNCTION Simon Yona and Martin Stacey Volume 707 HORMONAL AND GENETIC BASIS OF SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION DISORDERS AND HOT TOPICS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY Maria I. New and Joe Leigh Simpson Volume 708 INVERTEBRATE IMMUNITY Kenneth Söderhäll Volume 709 HISTAMINE IN INFLAMMATION Robin L. Thurmond

A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.

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Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Landes Bioscience Copyright ©2010 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission LQZULWLQJIURPWKHSXEOLVKHUZLWKWKHH[FHSWLRQRIDQ\PDWHULDOVXSSOLHGVSHFL¿FDOO\IRUWKHSXUSRVHRI being entered and executed on a computer system; for exclusive use by the Purchaser of the work. Printed in the USA. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, New York 10013, USA KWWSZZZVSULQJHUFRP Please address all inquiries to the publishers: Landes Bioscience, 1806 Rio Grande, Austin, Texas 78701, USA 3KRQH)$; KWWSZZZODQGHVELRVFLHQFHFRP The chapters in this book are available in the Madame Curie Bioscience Database. KWWSZZZODQGHVELRVFLHQFHFRPFXULH +LVWDPLQHLQ,QÀDPPDWLRQHGLWHGE\5RELQ/7KXUPRQG/DQGHV%LRVFLHQFH6SULQJHU6FLHQFH%XVLQHVV 0HGLD//&GXDOLPSULQW6SULQJHUVHULHV$GYDQFHVLQ([SHULPHQWDO0HGLFLQHDQG%LRORJ\ ISBN: 978-1-4419-8055-7 :KLOHWKHDXWKRUVHGLWRUVDQGSXEOLVKHUEHOLHYHWKDWGUXJVHOHFWLRQDQGGRVDJHDQGWKHVSHFL¿FDWLRQVDQG usage of equipment and devices, as set forth in this book, are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication, they make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to material described in this book. In view of the ongoing research, equipment development, changes in governmental regulations and the rapid accumulation of information relating to the biomedical sciences, the reader is urged to carefully review and evaluate the information provided herein.

/LEUDU\RI&RQJUHVV&DWDORJLQJLQ3XEOLFDWLRQ'DWD +LVWDPLQHLQLQÀDPPDWLRQHGLWHGE\5RELQ/7KXUPRQG p. ; cm. -- (Advances in experimental medicine and biology ; v. 709) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4419-8055-7 +LVWDPLQH3K\VLRORJLFDOHIIHFW+LVWDPLQH3DWKRSK\VLRORJ\,QÀDPPDWLRQ0HGLDWRUV, Thurmond, Robin L. (Robin LeRoy), 1965- II. Series: Advances in experimental medicine and biology ; v. 709. [DNLM: 1. Histamine--physiology. 2. Histamine Antagonists--therapeutic use. 3. HypersensitivitySK\VLRSDWKRORJ\,QÀDPPDWLRQSK\VLRSDWKRORJ\5HFHSWRUV+LVWDPLQHSK\VLRORJ\:$' Y48@ 43++ 616’.0473--dc22 2010042469

DEDICATION This book is dedicated to my wife Tori and my daughters Claire and Grace. It is also dedicated to the memory of two people who were always an inspiration to me, but who unfortunately passed away during the preparation of this work—my grandmother, Georgia Luckett, and one of the pillars of histamine research, Sir James Black.

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PREFACE The year 2010 marks the centennial for the identification of histamine and the first glimpse of its many physiological functions. From these initial findings a rich tapestry of research has uncovered roles for histamine in almost every physiological process with new findings emerging every year. These diverse roles of histamine have made for fertile ground for the discovery of novel therapeutics, and these drugs have been so successful that the term “antihistamine” has entered the common lexicon. This volume is an attempt to give a snapshot in time as to the current understanding of the role of histamine in just one important therapeutic area—inflammation. The first three chapters provide some background context for the rest of the book starting out with a historical perspective by Figueroa and Shankley. Bongers et al provide an overview of the pharmacology of the four histamine receptors and the chapter by Hiroshi Ohtsu describes how histamine is synthesized as well as the insights derived from mice where this synthesis is disrupted. The next several chapters discuss disease areas where histamine is known to be involved. Chapter 4 by Thomas Taylor-Clark outlines the role of histamine in allergic rhinitis, an area were antihistamines are commonly used. This is also true for ocular allergy as discussed by Ohbayashi et al. Both of these chapters highlight aspects of these conditions that are still not well-controlled and suggest the utility of new antihistamines targeting other histamine receptors. A related conclusion can be seen in the chapter by Dunford and Holgate on the role of histamine in asthma. In this case, however, current antihistamines are not considered to be effective, but the circumstantial evidence for a role of histamine in asthma provides evidence that other histamine receptors may be involved. Antihistamines are also useful for the treatment of some dermatological diseases as discussed by Zuberbier and Maurer. However, the chapter by Buddenkotte et al shows that this cannot be generalized since atopic dermatitis is much like asthma in that histamine has been suspected as being involved, but where current antihistamines are not effective. Traditionally histamine has mainly been associated with allergic reactions, but Schneider et al discuss evidence that histamine may have a broader role in immune function and autoimmune disease. While the majority of other contributions focus on inflammatory conditions, two of the concluding chapters touch on other areas. Nuutinen and Panula discuss the vii

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Preface

important role of histamine in neurotransmission and for the treatment of various neurological disorders. Falus et al takes the same approach with cell proliferation with an emphasis on malignancy. Finally, the book concludes with the future of antihistamine research and the potential for novel antihistamines targeting newest members of the histamine receptor family—the H3 and H4 receptors. Taken together, I hope that this volume imparts the rich history of histamine research and that it stimulates further interest in uncovering yet to be discovered functions of histamine and the development of new antihistamines for the treatment of human disease. Robin L. Thurmond, PhD Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA

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ROBIN L. THURMOND, PhD is a Compound Development Team Leader with the Clinical Research group at Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development in La Jolla, California. Prior to that he was a Research Fellow with the Immunology Drug Discovery group at the same site. He received his BA in Chemistry from the University of Virginia and his PhD in Biochemistry from the University of Arizona. Dr. Thurmond studied membrane biophysics at the University of Arizona and worked on the molecular aspects of rhodopsin function during his postdoctoral training at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with Dr. Gobind Khorana. He began his career with Johnson & Johnson in 1996 at the RW Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute in Raritan, New Jersey, and has been with Johnson & Johnson for over 14 years.

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PARTICIPANTS Pascal Bonaventure Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC San Diego, California USA Gerold Bongers /HLGHQ$PVWHUGDP&HQWHUIRU'UXJ Research (LACDR) Division of Medicinal Chemistry Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Jörg Buddenkotte Department of Dermatology Ludwig Boltzmann-Institute for Cell Biology and Immunobiology of the Skin University Hospital Münster Münster Germany Zsuzsanna Darvas Department of Genetics, Celland Immunobiology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary Paul J. Dunford Department of Immunology Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC San Diego, California USA

Michel Dy Université Paris Descartes Faculté de Médecine CNRS UMR8147 Hôpital Necker Paris France Iwan de Esch /HLGHQ$PVWHUGDP&HQWHUIRU'UXJ Research (LACDR) Division of Medicinal Chemistry Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Andras Falus Department of Genetics, Celland Immunobiology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary and Hungarian Academy of Sciences 5HVHDUFK*URXSIRU,QÀDPPDWLRQ Biology and Immunogenomics Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary Katherine Figueroa Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC San Diego, California USA xi

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Ken Fukuda Department of Ophthalmology Emory Eye Center Emory University Atlanta, Georgia USA Stephen T. Holgate IIR Division Southampton General Hospital Southampton UK Maria Leite-de-Moraes Université Paris Descartes Faculté de Médecine CNRS UMR8147 Hôpital Necker Paris France Rob Leurs /HLGHQ$PVWHUGDP&HQWHUIRU'UXJ Research (LACDR) Division of Medicinal Chemistry Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Bita Manzouri Department of Cornea and External Disease 0RRU¿HOGV(\H+RVSLWDO London, England UK Marcus Maurer Department of Dermatology and Allergy Allergie-Centrum-Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Kei Morohoshi Department of Ophthalmology Emory Eye Center Emory University Atlanta, Georgia USA

Participants

Saara Nuutinen Institute of Biomedicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Masaharu Ohbayashi Department of Ophthalmology Emory Eye Center Emory University Atlanta, Georgia USA Hiroshi Ohtsu Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan Santa J. Ono Department of Ophthalmology Emory Eye Center Emory University Atlanta, Georgia USA Pertti Panula Institute of Biomedicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Zoltán Pós Department of Genetics, Celland Immunobiology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary and Department of Transfusion Medicine Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section Clinical Center, NIH Bethesda, Maryland USA

Participants

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Elke Schneider Université Paris Descartes Faculté de Médecine CNRS UMR8147 Hôpital Necker Paris France

Thomas Taylor-Clark Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology School of Basic Biomedical Sciences University of South Florida Tampa, Florida USA

Nigel Shankley Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC San Diego, California USA

Robin L. Thurmond Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC San Diego, California USA

Martin Steinhoff Department of Dermatology Ludwig Boltzmann-Institute for Cell Biology and Immunobiology of the Skin University Hospital Münster Münster Germany and Departments of Dermatology and Surgery University of California San Francisco San Francisco, California USA

Fuqu Yu Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC San Diego, California USA Torsten Zuberbier Department of Dermatology and Allergy Allergie-Centrum-Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany

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