Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References

HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA A 3-IN-1 MEDICAL REFERENCE Medical Dictionary Bibliography & Annotated Research Guide TO I NTER...

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HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA A 3-IN-1 MEDICAL REFERENCE Medical Dictionary Bibliography & Annotated Research Guide TO I NTERNET

R EFERENCES

HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R E FERENCES

J AMES N. P ARKER , M.D. AND P HILIP M. P ARKER , P H .D., E DITORS

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ICON Health Publications ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, 4th Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Copyright 2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. Copyright 2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Last digit indicates print number: 10 9 8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1

Publisher, Health Care: Philip Parker, Ph.D. Editor(s): James Parker, M.D., Philip Parker, Ph.D. Publisher's note: The ideas, procedures, and suggestions contained in this book are not intended for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. As new medical or scientific information becomes available from academic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies may undergo changes. The authors, editors, and publisher have attempted to make the information in this book up to date and accurate in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of this book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised to always check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dosage and contraindications before prescribing any drug or pharmacological product. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs, herbal remedies, vitamins and supplements, alternative therapies, complementary therapies and medicines, and integrative medical treatments. Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parker, James N., 1961Parker, Philip M., 1960Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References / James N. Parker and Philip M. Parker, editors p. cm. Includes bibliographical references, glossary, and index. ISBN: 0-497-00540-9 1. Hidradenitis Suppurativa-Popular works. I. Title.

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Disclaimer This publication is not intended to be used for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher, editors, and authors are not engaging in the rendering of medical, psychological, financial, legal, or other professional services. References to any entity, product, service, or source of information that may be contained in this publication should not be considered an endorsement, either direct or implied, by the publisher, editors, or authors. ICON Group International, Inc., the editors, and the authors are not responsible for the content of any Web pages or publications referenced in this publication.

Copyright Notice If a physician wishes to copy limited passages from this book for patient use, this right is automatically granted without written permission from ICON Group International, Inc. (ICON Group). However, all of ICON Group publications have copyrights. With exception to the above, copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. The disclaimer above must accompany all reproductions, in whole or in part, of this book.

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Acknowledgements The collective knowledge generated from academic and applied research summarized in various references has been critical in the creation of this book which is best viewed as a comprehensive compilation and collection of information prepared by various official agencies which produce publications on hidradenitis suppurativa. Books in this series draw from various agencies and institutions associated with the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and in particular, the Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (OS), the Administration for Children and Families (ACF), the Administration on Aging (AOA), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Healthcare Financing Administration (HCFA), the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the Indian Health Service (IHS), the institutions of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Program Support Center (PSC), and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). In addition to these sources, information gathered from the National Library of Medicine, the United States Patent Office, the European Union, and their related organizations has been invaluable in the creation of this book. Some of the work represented was financially supported by the Research and Development Committee at INSEAD. This support is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, special thanks are owed to Tiffany Freeman for her excellent editorial support.

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About the Editors James N. Parker, M.D. Dr. James N. Parker received his Bachelor of Science degree in Psychobiology from the University of California, Riverside and his M.D. from the University of California, San Diego. In addition to authoring numerous research publications, he has lectured at various academic institutions. Dr. Parker is the medical editor for health books by ICON Health Publications. Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. Philip M. Parker is the Eli Lilly Chair Professor of Innovation, Business and Society at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France and Singapore). Dr. Parker has also been Professor at the University of California, San Diego and has taught courses at Harvard University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, and UCLA. Dr. Parker is the associate editor for ICON Health Publications.

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About ICON Health Publications To discover more about ICON Health Publications, simply check with your preferred online booksellers, including Barnes&Noble.com and Amazon.com which currently carry all of our titles. Or, feel free to contact us directly for bulk purchases or institutional discounts: ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, Fourth Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Fax: 858-546-4341 Web site: www.icongrouponline.com/health

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Table of Contents FORWARD .......................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA .................................................................. 3 Overview........................................................................................................................................ 3 The Combined Health Information Database................................................................................. 3 Federally Funded Research on Hidradenitis Suppurativa ............................................................. 4 The National Library of Medicine: PubMed .................................................................................. 4 CHAPTER 2. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA .................................. 37 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 37 National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.................................................. 37 Additional Web Resources ........................................................................................................... 38 General References ....................................................................................................................... 38 CHAPTER 3. BOOKS ON HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA................................................................... 39 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 39 Chapters on Hidradenitis Suppurativa........................................................................................ 39 APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES ............................................................................................ 43 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 43 NIH Guidelines............................................................................................................................ 43 NIH Databases............................................................................................................................. 45 Other Commercial Databases....................................................................................................... 47 APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES ................................................................................................. 49 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 49 Patient Guideline Sources............................................................................................................ 49 Finding Associations.................................................................................................................... 51 APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES .................................................................................. 53 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 53 Preparation................................................................................................................................... 53 Finding a Local Medical Library.................................................................................................. 53 Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada ................................................................................... 53 ONLINE GLOSSARIES.................................................................................................................. 59 Online Dictionary Directories ..................................................................................................... 59 HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA DICTIONARY ................................................................... 61 INDEX ................................................................................................................................................ 79

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FORWARD In March 2001, the National Institutes of Health issued the following warning: "The number of Web sites offering health-related resources grows every day. Many sites provide valuable information, while others may have information that is unreliable or misleading."1 Furthermore, because of the rapid increase in Internet-based information, many hours can be wasted searching, selecting, and printing. Since only the smallest fraction of information dealing with hidradenitis suppurativa is indexed in search engines, such as www.google.com or others, a non-systematic approach to Internet research can be not only time consuming, but also incomplete. This book was created for medical professionals, students, and members of the general public who want to know as much as possible about hidradenitis suppurativa, using the most advanced research tools available and spending the least amount of time doing so. In addition to offering a structured and comprehensive bibliography, the pages that follow will tell you where and how to find reliable information covering virtually all topics related to hidradenitis suppurativa, from the essentials to the most advanced areas of research. Public, academic, government, and peer-reviewed research studies are emphasized. Various abstracts are reproduced to give you some of the latest official information available to date on hidradenitis suppurativa. Abundant guidance is given on how to obtain free-of-charge primary research results via the Internet. While this book focuses on the field of medicine, when some sources provide access to non-medical information relating to hidradenitis suppurativa, these are noted in the text. E-book and electronic versions of this book are fully interactive with each of the Internet sites mentioned (clicking on a hyperlink automatically opens your browser to the site indicated). If you are using the hard copy version of this book, you can access a cited Web site by typing the provided Web address directly into your Internet browser. You may find it useful to refer to synonyms or related terms when accessing these Internet databases. NOTE: At the time of publication, the Web addresses were functional. However, some links may fail due to URL address changes, which is a common occurrence on the Internet. For readers unfamiliar with the Internet, detailed instructions are offered on how to access electronic resources. For readers unfamiliar with medical terminology, a comprehensive glossary is provided. For readers without access to Internet resources, a directory of medical libraries, that have or can locate references cited here, is given. We hope these resources will prove useful to the widest possible audience seeking information on hidradenitis suppurativa. The Editors

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From the NIH, National Cancer Institute (NCI): http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/ten-things-to-know.

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CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to locate peer-reviewed references and studies on hidradenitis suppurativa.

The Combined Health Information Database The Combined Health Information Database summarizes studies across numerous federal agencies. To limit your investigation to research studies and hidradenitis suppurativa, you will need to use the advanced search options. First, go to http://chid.nih.gov/index.html. From there, select the “Detailed Search” option (or go directly to that page with the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html). The trick in extracting studies is found in the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Journal Article.” At the top of the search form, select the number of records you would like to see (we recommend 100) and check the box to display “whole records.” We recommend that you type “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. Consider using the option “anywhere in record” to make your search as broad as possible. If you want to limit the search to only a particular field, such as the title of the journal, then select this option in the “Search in these fields” drop box. The following is what you can expect from this type of search: •

Anorectal Disease Source: Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. 8(1): 70-77. February 1992. Summary: This article reviews current research in anorectal disease. The first section covers benign anorectal diseases, including pruritis ani, pilonidal disease, hidradenitis suppurativa, hemorrhoids, fistula and abscess, perianal Crohn's disease, and rectovaginal fistulae. The second section considers anal and perianal malignancies, and the final section of applied physiology discusses fecal incontinence, chronic constipation, rectal prolapse, and anorectal disease in patients with AIDS. 45 annotated references.

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Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Federally Funded Research on Hidradenitis Suppurativa The U.S. Government supports a variety of research studies relating to hidradenitis suppurativa. These studies are tracked by the Office of Extramural Research at the National Institutes of Health.2 CRISP (Computerized Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects) is a searchable database of federally funded biomedical research projects conducted at universities, hospitals, and other institutions. Search the CRISP Web site at http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/crisp_query.generate_screen. You will have the option to perform targeted searches by various criteria, including geography, date, and topics related to hidradenitis suppurativa. For most of the studies, the agencies reporting into CRISP provide summaries or abstracts. As opposed to clinical trial research using patients, many federally funded studies use animals or simulated models to explore hidradenitis suppurativa.

The National Library of Medicine: PubMed One of the quickest and most comprehensive ways to find academic studies in both English and other languages is to use PubMed, maintained by the National Library of Medicine.3 The advantage of PubMed over previously mentioned sources is that it covers a greater number of domestic and foreign references. It is also free to use. If the publisher has a Web site that offers full text of its journals, PubMed will provide links to that site, as well as to sites offering other related data. User registration, a subscription fee, or some other type of fee may be required to access the full text of articles in some journals. To generate your own bibliography of studies dealing with hidradenitis suppurativa, simply go to the PubMed Web site at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. Type “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” The following is the type of output you can expect from PubMed for hidradenitis suppurativa (hyperlinks lead to article summaries): •

A case of hidradenitis suppurativa treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and by total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Author(s): Bogers JW, Minderhoud-Bassie W, Huikeshoven FJ. Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1992 August; 167(2): 517-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1497064

2 Healthcare projects are funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA), Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Office of Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH). 3 PubMed was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at Web sites of participating publishers. Publishers that participate in PubMed supply NLM with their citations electronically prior to or at the time of publication.

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A case of squamous cell carcinoma complicating hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Shukla VK, Hughes LE. Source: European Journal of Surgical Oncology : the Journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology. 1995 February; 21(1): 106-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7851542

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A case-control study of hidradenitis suppurativa in an STD population. Author(s): Jemec GB, Heidenheim M, Nielsen NH. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 1996 November; 76(6): 482-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8982418

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A comparison of skin grafting and healing by granulation following axillary excision for hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Pittam MR, Ellis H. Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1984 January; 66(1): 73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6362540

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A comparison of skin grafting and healing by granulation, following axillary excision for hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Morgan WP, Harding KG, Hughes LE. Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1983 July; 65(4): 235-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6347013

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A double-blind controlled cross-over trial of cyproterone acetate in females with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Mortimer PS, Dawber RP, Gales MA, Moore RA. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1986 September; 115(3): 263-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2944534

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A family study of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Fitzsimmons JS, Guilbert PR. Source: Journal of Medical Genetics. 1985 October; 22(5): 367-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2934550

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Acne inversa (alias hidradenitis suppurativa). Author(s): Jansen I, Altmeyer P, Piewig G. Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : Jeadv. 2001 November; 15(6): 532-40. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11843212

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Acne inversa. Author(s): Jansen T, Plewig G. Source: International Journal of Dermatology. 1998 February; 37(2): 96-100. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9542661

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Acne vulgaris and hidradenitis suppurativa as presenting features of acromegaly. Author(s): Chalmers RJ, Ead RD, Beck MH, Dewis P, Anderson DC. Source: British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.). 1983 November 5; 287(6402): 1346-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6227362

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Advanced hidradenitis suppurativa of the vulva. A report of three cases. Author(s): Bhatia NN, Bergman A, Broen EM. Source: J Reprod Med. 1984 July; 29(7): 436-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6481699

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Advanced hidradenitis suppurativa presenting with bilateral vulvar masses. Author(s): Goldberg JM, Buchler DA, Dibbell DG. Source: Gynecologic Oncology. 1996 March; 60(3): 494-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8774665

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Advanced hidradenitis suppurativa. Review of surgical treatment in 23 patients. Author(s): Broadwater JR, Bryant RL, Petrino RA, Mabry CD, Westbrook KC, Casali RE. Source: American Journal of Surgery. 1982 December; 144(6): 668-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7149125

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Aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Brook I, Frazier EH. Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology. 1999 January; 48(1): 103-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9920133

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ALA-PDT and blue light therapy for hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Gold M, Bridges TM, Bradshaw VL, Boring M. Source: J Drugs Dermatol. 2004 January-February; 3(1 Suppl): S32-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14964759

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An unusual presentation of hidradenitis suppurativa: case report and review of the literature. Author(s): Chaikin DC, Volz LR, Broderick G. Source: Urology. 1994 October; 44(4): 606-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7941207

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Androgen metabolism by isolated human axillary apocrine glands in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Barth JH, Kealey T. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1991 October; 125(4): 304-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1954117

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Anemia associated with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Tennant F Jr, Bergeron JR, Stone OJ, Mullins JF. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1968 August; 98(2): 138-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5667225

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Anorectal miscellany: pilonidal disease, anal cancer, Bowen's and Paget's diseases, foreign bodies, and hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Billingham RP. Source: Primary Care. 1999 March; 26(1): 171-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9922300

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Arthritis and hidradenitis suppurativa diagnosed in a 48-year-old man. Author(s): Hamoir XL, Francois RJ, Van den Haute V, Van Campenhoudt M. Source: Skeletal Radiology. 1999 August; 28(8): 453-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10486014

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Arthritis associated with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Bhalla R, Sequeira W. Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 1994 January; 53(1): 64-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8311560

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Arthritis occurring with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Cohen J. Source: The Journal of Rheumatology. 1985 December; 12(6): 1208-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4093936

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Arthritis occurring with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Kenik J, Hurley J. Source: The Journal of Rheumatology. 1985 February; 12(1): 183-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3981509

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Arthropathy associated with cystic acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, and perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens: treatment with isotretinoin. Author(s): Libow LF, Friar DA. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1999 August; 64(2): 87-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10467498

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Axillary hidradenitis suppurativa successfully treated with infliximab in a Crohn's disease patient. Author(s): Katsanos KH, Christodoulou DK, Tsianos EV. Source: The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 2002 August; 97(8): 2155-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12190206

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Axillary hidradenitis suppurativa. A simple and effective surgical technique. Author(s): Pollock WJ, Virnelli FR, Ryan RF. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1972 January; 49(1): 22-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4550068

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Chronic hidradenitis suppurativa of the anal canal. A surgical skin disease. Author(s): Culp CE. Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 1983 October; 26(10): 669-76. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6884157

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Cigarette smoking as a triggering factor of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Konig A, Lehmann C, Rompel R, Happle R. Source: Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland). 1999; 198(3): 261-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10393449

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Clinical review of hidradenitis suppurativa: management of cases with severe perianal involvement. Author(s): Ching CC, Stahlgren LH. Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 1965 September-October; 8(5): 349-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5318835

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common bacteria found in cultures from the deep portions of hidradenitis suppurativa lesions, as obtained by carbon dioxide laser surgery. Author(s): Lapins J, Jarstrand C, Emtestam L. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1999 January; 140(1): 90-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10215774

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Control of hidradenitis suppurativa in women using combined antiandrogen (cyproterone acetate) and oestrogen therapy. Author(s): Sawers RS, Randall VA, Ebling FJ. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1986 September; 115(3): 269-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2944535

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Crohn's disease in association with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Burrows NP, Jones RR. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1992 May; 126(5): 523. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1610696

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Cyclosporin-responsive hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Buckley DA, Rogers S. Source: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 1995 May; 88(5): 289P-290P. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7636825

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Diarrhea, nephrotic syndrome and hidradenitis suppurativa: an unusual case. Author(s): Titze J, Schneider M, Krause H, Jacobi J, Stolte M, Linke RP, Rupprecht HD. Source: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. 2003 January; 18(1): 192-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12480982

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Dowling-Degos disease associated with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Bedlow AJ, Mortimer PS. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 1996 July; 21(4): 305-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8959907

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Dowling-Degos disease, hidradenitis suppurativa, and multiple keratoacanthomas. A disorder that may be caused by a single underlying defect in pilosebaceous epithelial proliferation. Author(s): Fenske NA, Groover CE, Lober CW, Espinoza CG. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1991 May; 24(5 Pt 2): 888-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2050858

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Early-onset hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Palmer RA, Keefe M. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 2001 September; 26(6): 501-3. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11678875

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Effect of localized surgical excisions in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1988 May; 18(5 Pt 1): 1103-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3385029

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Elevated parathyroid hormone-related protein and hypercalcemia in a patient with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma complicating hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Welsh DA, Powers JS. Source: Southern Medical Journal. 1993 December; 86(12): 1403-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8272921

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Endocrine basis for the clinical presentation of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Harrison BJ, Read GF, Hughes LE. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1988 October; 75(10): 972-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3219545

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Endocrine factors in pre- and postmenopausal women with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Farrell AM, Dawber RP. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1997 May; 136(5): 802-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9205531

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Endocrine factors in pre- and postmenopausal women with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Barth JH, Layton AM, Cunliffe WJ. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1996 June; 134(6): 1057-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8763424

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Epidemiology, pathology, and treatment of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Edlich RF, Silloway KA, Rodeheaver GT, Cooper PH. Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 1986; 4(5): 369-78. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3805693

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Evaluation of isotretinoin treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Dicken CH, Powell ST, Spear KL. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1984 September; 11(3): 500-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6384295

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Evidence of genetic factors in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Fitzsimmons JS, Guilbert PR, Fitzsimmons EM. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1985 July; 113(1): 1-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4015966

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Experience with surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Tanaka A, Hatoko M, Tada H, Kuwahara M, Mashiba K, Yurugi S. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 2001 December; 47(6): 636-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11756834

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Extent of surgery and recurrence rate of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Ritz JP, Runkel N, Haier J, Buhr HJ. Source: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 1998; 13(4): 164-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9810520

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Failure of treatment of familial widespread hidradenitis suppurativa with isotretinoin. Author(s): Norris JF, Cunliffe WJ. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 1986 November; 11(6): 579-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3478160

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Familial hidradenitis suppurativa: evidence in favour of single gene transmission. Author(s): Fitzsimmons JS, Fitzsimmons EM, Gilbert G. Source: Journal of Medical Genetics. 1984 August; 21(4): 281-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6492093

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Fasciocutaneous flap to treat verneuil disease (hidradenitis suppurativa) in the axillary region. Author(s): Giovannini UM, Giannasi S. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 2003 January; 50(1): 108-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12545127

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Finasteride as a therapy for hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Farrell AM, Randall VA, Vafaee T, Dawber RP. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1999 December; 141(6): 1138-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10722269

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Follicular occlusion triad: hidradenitis suppurativa, acne conglobata, and dissecting cellulitis of the scalp. Author(s): Chicarilli ZN. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1987 March; 18(3): 230-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2954503

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Forms of epithelial differentiation of draining sinus in acne inversa (hidradenitis suppurativa). Author(s): Kurzen H, Jung EG, Hartschuh W, Moll I, Franke WW, Moll R. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1999 August; 141(2): 231-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10468793

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Furunculosis and hidradenitis suppurativa response. Author(s): McDaniel DH, Welton WA. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1984 April; 120(4): 437. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6703748

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Gluteal and perianal hidradenitis suppurativa: surgical treatment by wide excision. Author(s): Bocchini SF, Habr-Gama A, Kiss DR, Imperiale AR, Araujo SE. Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 2003 July; 46(7): 944-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12847371

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Granulomatous hidradenitis suppurativa and cutaneous Crohn's disease. Author(s): Attanoos RL, Appleton MA, Hughes LE, Ansell ID, Douglas-Jones AG, Williams GT. Source: Histopathology. 1993 August; 23(2): 111-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8406382

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Hidradenitis suppurativa and acne conglobata associated with spondyloarthropathy. Author(s): Leybishkis B, Fasseas P, Ryan KF, Roy R. Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 2001 March; 321(3): 195-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11269796

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Hidradenitis suppurativa and Crohn's disease in two families: a significant association? Author(s): Gower-Rousseau C, Maunoury V, Colombel JF, Coulom P, Piette F, Cortot A, Paris JC. Source: The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 1992 July; 87(7): 928. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1615957

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Hidradenitis suppurativa and Crohn's disease: response to treatment with infliximab. Author(s): Martinez F, Nos P, Benlloch S, Ponce J. Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 2001 November; 7(4): 323-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11720323

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Hidradenitis suppurativa and monoarthritis of the hip. Author(s): Leitch DN, Holland CD, Langtry JA. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 1997 July; 22(4): 206-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9499617

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Hidradenitis suppurativa and pregnancy. Case report and discussion. Author(s): Woods G, Vogel EH, Croak J. Source: Ohio State Med J. 1972 September; 68(9): 864-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5080503

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Hidradenitis suppurativa and squamous cell carcinoma. Author(s): Altunay IK, Gokdemir G, Kurt A, Kayaoglu S. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2002 January; 28(1): 88-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11991278

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Hidradenitis suppurativa as a presenting feature of premature adrenarche. Author(s): Lewis F, Messenger AG, Wales JK. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1993 October; 129(4): 447-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8217761

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Hidradenitis suppurativa associated with Crohn's disease and spondyloarthropathy: response to anti-TNF therapy. Author(s): Roussomoustakaki M, Dimoulios P, Chatzicostas C, Kritikos HD, Romanos J, Panayiotides JG, Kouroumalis EA. Source: Journal of Gastroenterology. 2003; 38(10): 1000-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14614610

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Hidradenitis suppurativa associated with use of oral contraceptives. Author(s): Stellon AJ, Wakeling M. Source: Bmj (Clinical Research Ed.). 1989 January 7; 298(6665): 28-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2492847

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Hidradenitis suppurativa following acanthosis nigricans. Report of two cases. Author(s): Stone OJ. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1976 August; 112(8): 1142. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=952534

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Hidradenitis suppurativa in Crohn's disease. Author(s): Ostlere LS, Langtry JA, Mortimer PS, Staughton RC. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1991 October; 125(4): 384-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1954129

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Hidradenitis suppurativa in Crohn's disease. A further support to this association. Author(s): Tsianos EV, Dalekos GN, Tzermias C, Merkouropoulos M, Hatzis J. Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 1995 March; 20(2): 151-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7769199

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Hidradenitis suppurativa occurring on the leg. Author(s): Weiner J, Lewis JE, Samitz MH. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1976 May; 17(5): 888-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1017265

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of glands of Moll. Author(s): Sachs DD, Gordon AT. Source: Archives of Ophthalmology. 1967 May; 77(5): 635-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6022733

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of scrotum and perineum. Author(s): Ward JN, Washio H, David HS. Source: Urology. 1974 October; 4(4): 463-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4417573

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the anogenital region: response to isotretinoin. Author(s): Brown CF, Gallup DG, Brown VM. Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1988 January; 158(1): 12-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3422131

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the breast areolae. Case report. Author(s): Glass LW, Vecchione TR. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1978 March; 61(3): 449-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=343131

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the groin, treated by excision and spontaneous healing. Author(s): Ariyan S, Krizek TJ. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1976 July; 58(1): 44-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=935277

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the perineal and gluteal regions, treated by excision and skin grafting. Case report. Author(s): Rosenfeld N, Babar A. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1976 July; 58(1): 98-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=778874

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the perineum, scrotum, and gluteal area: presentation, complications, and treatment. Author(s): Anderson BB, Cadogan CA, Gangadharam D. Source: Journal of the National Medical Association. 1982 October; 74(10): 999-1003. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7143473

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the perineum: report of a case. Author(s): Cocke WM Jr. Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 1967 September-October; 10(5): 384-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6052917

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the perineum: treatment by radical excision. Author(s): Chalfant WP 3rd, Nance FC. Source: The American Surgeon. 1970 June; 36(6): 331-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4909944

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of the scrotum. Author(s): Ray B. Source: The Journal of Urology. 1977 October; 118(4): 686-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=916081

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Hidradenitis suppurativa of unusual severity. Author(s): Billet A, Stueber K, Vaughan L. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1983 March; 10(3): 231-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6340587

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Hidradenitis suppurativa or acne inversa. A clinicopathological study of early lesions. Author(s): Boer J, Weltevreden EF. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1996 November; 135(5): 721-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8977671

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Hidradenitis suppurativa polyposa. Author(s): Wrone DA, Landeck A, Dibbell DG, Xie H, Warner TF. Source: Pathology, Research and Practice. 2000; 196(8): 589-592; Discussion 593-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10982024

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Hidradenitis suppurativa, Dowling Degos disease and perianal squamous cell carcinoma. Author(s): Li M, Hunt MJ, Commens CA. Source: The Australasian Journal of Dermatology. 1997 November; 38(4): 209-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9431718

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Mitchell KM, Beck DE. Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America. 2002 December; 82(6): 1187-97. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12516847

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB. Source: Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery. 2003 January-February; 7(1): 47-56. Epub 2002 December 04. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12457209

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Gee BC, Dawber RP. Source: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2000 December; 93(12): 661. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11193069

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Mortimer PS, Lunniss PJ. Source: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2000 August; 93(8): 420-2. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10983504

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Brown TJ, Rosen T, Orengo IF. Source: Southern Medical Journal. 1998 December; 91(12): 1107-14. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9853721

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Radcliffe KW. Source: Genitourinary Medicine. 1991 February; 67(1): 58. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1916780

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Deroo H, Aelbrecht M, t'Kindt J, Vermander F, De Bersaques J. Source: Dermatologica. 1990; 180(3): 193-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2340937

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1987 November; 80(5): 754-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3671575

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Paletta C, Jurkiewicz MJ. Source: Clin Plast Surg. 1987 April; 14(2): 383-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3555949

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Miller LA. Source: Nurs Times. 1982 March 31-April 6; 78(13): 524-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6918962

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Ajayi OO, Olurin EO. Source: West Afr Med J Niger Pract. 1970 December; 19(6): 173-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5501611

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Knaysi GA Jr, Cosman B, Crikelair GF. Source: Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 1968 January 1; 203(1): 19-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4864515

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. A plea for early operative treatment. Author(s): Shaughnessy DM, Greminger RR, Margolis IB, Davis WC. Source: Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 1972 October 16; 222(3): 320-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4264858

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Complications resulting in death. Author(s): Moschella SL. Source: Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 1966 October 3; 198(1): 201-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5953172

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Hidradenitis suppurativa. Glucose tolerance, clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic features and HLA frequencies in 27 patients. Author(s): O'Loughlin S, Woods R, Kirke PN, Shanahan F, Byrne A, Drury MI. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1988 July; 124(7): 1043-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3260468

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: a case presentation and review of the literature. Author(s): Thomas R, Barnhill D, Bibro M, Hoskins W. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1985 October; 66(4): 592-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4047549

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: a closer look. Author(s): Gordon SW. Source: Journal of the National Medical Association. 1978 May; 70(5): 339-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=702570

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: a disease of follicular epithelium, rather than apocrine glands. Author(s): Yu CC, Cook MG. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1990 June; 122(6): 763-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2369556

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: a review. Author(s): Wiseman MC. Source: Dermatologic Therapy. 2004; 17(1): 50-4. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14756891

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: an androgen-dependent disorder. Author(s): Ebling FJ. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1986 September; 115(3): 259-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3756090

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: evidence for a bactericidal defect correctable by cholinergic agonist in vitro and in vivo. Author(s): Ginder PA, Ousley M, Hinthorn D, Liu C, Abdou NI. Source: Journal of Clinical Immunology. 1982 July; 2(3): 237-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6126491

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: evidence for an endocrine abnormality. Author(s): Harrison BJ, Kumar S, Read GF, Edwards CA, Scanlon MF, Hughes LE. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1985 December; 72(12): 1002-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2935221

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: pathogenesis and management. Author(s): Slade DE, Powell BW, Mortimer PS. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2003 July; 56(5): 451-61. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12890458

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: patient satisfaction with healing by secondary intention. Author(s): Borges AF. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1987 December; 80(6): 869. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3685197

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: patient satisfaction with wound healing by secondary intention. Author(s): Silverberg B, Smoot CE, Landa SJ, Parsons RW. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1987 April; 79(4): 555-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3823247

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Hidradenitis suppurativa: review of the literature and management of the axillary lesion. Author(s): Mustafa EB, Ali SD, Kurtz LH. Source: Journal of the National Medical Association. 1980 March; 72(3): 237-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6993691

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Hidradenitis suppurativa--a clinical review. Author(s): Watson JD. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 1985 October; 38(4): 567-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3902140

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Hidradenitis suppurativa--characteristics and consequences. Author(s): Jemec GB, Heidenheim M, Nielsen NH. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 1996 November; 21(6): 419-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9167336

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Hidradenitis suppurativa-lack of success with 13-cis-retinoic acid. Author(s): Jones DH, Cunliffe WJ, King K. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1982 August; 107(2): 252. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6954970

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Histology of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB, Hansen U. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1996 June; 34(6): 994-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8647993

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HLA-B27 negative ankylosing spondylitis and hidradenitis suppurativa: report of a case. Author(s): Grassi W, Offidani AM, Blasetti P, Simonetti O, Cervini C. Source: Clinical Rheumatology. 1988 June; 7(2): 278-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3262031

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Host-defense mechanisms in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Dvorak VC, Root RK, MacGregor RR. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1977 April; 113(4): 450-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=848973

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How I treat hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Kipping HF. Source: Postgraduate Medicine. 1970 September; 48(3): 291-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5460373

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Hypercalcemia in association with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Occurrence as a late complication of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Sparks MK, Kuhlman DS, Prieto A, Callen JP. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1985 February; 121(2): 243-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3977341

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Immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins in hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa). Author(s): Kurokawa I, Nishijima S, Kusumoto K, Senzaki H, Shikata N, Tsubura A. Source: J Int Med Res. 2002 March-April; 30(2): 131-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12025520

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Immunological studies of the arthritis of acne conglobata and hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Vasey FB, Fenske NA, Clement GB, Bridgeford PH, Germain BF, Espinoza LR. Source: Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1984 October-December; 2(4): 309-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6241861

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Incidence of cancer among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Lapins J, Ye W, Nyren O, Emtestam L. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 2001 June; 137(6): 730-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11405761

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Infliximab for hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Sullivan TP, Welsh E, Kerdel FA, Burdick AE, Kirsner RS. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 2003 November; 149(5): 1046-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14632813

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Infliximab for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Lebwohl B, Sapadin AN. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2003 November; 49(5 Suppl): S275-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14576652

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Interstitial keratitis associated with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Bergeron JR, Stone OJ. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1967 May; 95(5): 473-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4164818

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Lasting relief from a distressing condition. Surgical intervention in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Cutting KF, Thomas F. Source: Prof Nurse. 1992 November; 8(2): 106-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1465462

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Letter: Facial involvement with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Greer KE. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1974 March; 109(3): 408. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4814945

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Limberg flap coverage for axillary defects resulting from excision of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): O'Brien J, Wysocki J, Anastasi G. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1976 September; 58(3): 354-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=785503

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Lithium therapy associated with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Marinella MA. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 1997 November; 77(6): 483. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9394991

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Lithium therapy associated with hidradenitis suppurativa: case report and a review of the dermatologic side effects of lithium. Author(s): Gupta AK, Knowles SR, Gupta MA, Jaunkalns R, Shear NH. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1995 February; 32(2 Pt 2): 382-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7829746

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Local infection complicating in situ storage of split-skin grafts in a patient with hidradenitis suppurativa. Case report. Author(s): Gewirtz HS, Hoefflin SM, Silsby JJ. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1977 October; 60(4): 635-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=333487

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Long-term results of isotretinoin in the treatment of 68 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1999 October; 41(4): 658. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10495491

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Long-term results of isotretinoin in the treatment of 68 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Boer J, van Gemert MJ. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1999 January; 40(1): 73-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9922015

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Long-term results of wide surgical excision in 106 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Rompel R, Petres J. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2000 July; 26(7): 638-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10886270

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Lumbosacral epidural abscess due to hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Russ E, Castillo M. Source: Ajr. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2002 March; 178(3): 770-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11856724

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Mammillary fistula as a manifestation of acne inversa (hidradenitis suppurativa): report of two cases. Author(s): Cosman BC, Al-Refaie WB. Source: Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2002 June; 194(6): 829-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12081074

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Mammographic features of hidradenitis suppurativa axillaris. Author(s): Kalisher L, Dembner A. Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal = Journal L'association Canadienne Des Radiologistes. 1990 June; 41(3): 160-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2354392

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Marjolin's ulcer occurring in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Lin MT, Breiner M, Fredricks S. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1999 April; 103(5): 1541-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10190470

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Mediation of hidradenitis suppurativa by androgens. Author(s): Mortimer PS, Dawber RP, Gales MA, Moore RA. Source: British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.). 1986 January 25; 292(6515): 245-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2936421

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Methotrexate is of limited value in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 2002 September; 27(6): 528-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12372104

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Morbidity in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): von der Werth JM, Jemec GB. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 2001 April; 144(4): 809-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11298541

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Musculoskeletal features of acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, and dissecting cellulitis of the scalp. Author(s): Olafsson S, Khan MA. Source: Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America. 1992 February; 18(1): 215-24. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1532858

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Natal teeth and steatocystoma multiplex complicated by hidradenitis suppurativa. A new syndrome. Author(s): McDonald RM, Reed WB. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1976 August; 112(8): 1132-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=988984

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Negative-pressure dressings in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Elwood ET, Bolitho DG. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 2001 January; 46(1): 49-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11192034

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Neutrophil-related host response in hidradenitis suppurativa: a pilot study in patients with inactive disease. Author(s): Lapins J, Asman B, Gustafsson A, Bergstrom K, Emtestam L. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 2001 May; 81(2): 96-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11501669

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No human leukocyte antigen-A, -B or -DR association in Swedish patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Lapins J, Olerup O, Emtestam L. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 2001 January-February; 81(1): 28-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11411909

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Nodulocystic acne and hidradenitis suppurativa treated with acitretin: a case report. Author(s): Scheman AJ. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 2002 April; 69(4): 287-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12080949

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Operative management of chronic hidradenitis suppurativa of the scrotum and perineum. Author(s): Vickers MA. Source: The Journal of Urology. 1975 September; 114(3): 414-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1142526

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Pachyonychia congenita complicated by hidradenitis suppurativa: a family study. Author(s): Todd P, Garioch J, Rademaker M, Susskind W, Gemell C, Thomson J. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1990 November; 123(5): 663-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2248894

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Pathogenesis, clinical features and management of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Rorison P, Ghosh M. Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1997 September; 79(5): 385. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9326135

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Pathogenesis, clinical features and management of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Hughes LE. Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1997 July; 79(4): 309-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9244085

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Pathogenesis, clinical features and management of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Rayner CR. Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1997 July; 79(4): 309. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9244084

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Pathogenesis, clinical features and management of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Parks RW, Parks TG. Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1997 March; 79(2): 83-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9135232

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Perforator-based fasciocutaneous island flaps for the reconstruction of axillary defects following excision of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Geh JL, Niranjan NS. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2002 March; 55(2): 124-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11987945

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Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Rubin RJ, Chinn BT. Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America. 1994 December; 74(6): 1317-25. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7985067

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Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Adams JD, Haisten AS. Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America. 1972 April; 52(2): 467-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4553565

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Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. The Lahey Clinic experience. Author(s): Wiltz O, Schoetz DJ Jr, Murray JJ, Roberts PL, Coller JA, Veidenheimer MC. Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 1990 September; 33(9): 731-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2390907

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Perianal hidradenitis suppurativa: early surgical treatment gives good results in chronic or recurrent cases. Author(s): Endo Y, Tamura A, Ishikawa O, Miyachi Y. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1998 November; 139(5): 906-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9892965

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Perineal hidradenitis suppurativa: presentation of two unusual complications and a review. Author(s): Williams ST, Busby RC, DeMuth RJ, Nelson H. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1991 May; 26(5): 456-62. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1952719

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Perirectal sinus tracks and fistulas caused by hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Nadgir R, Rubesin SE, Levine MS. Source: Ajr. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2001 August; 177(2): 476-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11461896

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Peristomal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Fleischer I, Bryant D, Spiegel J, Christian R, Farraye FA. Source: Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing : Official Publication of the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society / Wocn. 1996 May; 23(3): 171-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8845907

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Prepubertal hidradenitis suppurativa: two case reports and review of the literature. Author(s): Mengesha YM, Holcombe TC, Hansen RC. Source: Pediatric Dermatology. 1999 July-August; 16(4): 292-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10469415

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Probable association between hidradenitis suppurativa and Crohn's disease: significance of epithelioid granuloma. Author(s): Roy MK, Appleton MA, Delicata RJ, Sharma AK, Williams GT, Carey PD. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1997 March; 84(3): 375-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9117312

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Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with cystic acne and hidradenitis suppurativa controlled by adding minocycline and sulfasalazine to the treatment regimen. Author(s): Shenefelt PD. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1996 May; 57(5): 315-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8726710

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Reactive arthritis due to hidradenitis suppurativa mimicking osteomyelitis. Author(s): Tallo R, Quinet R, Waxman J. Source: Southern Medical Journal. 1991 September; 84(9): 1147-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1891742

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Recurrence after surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Harrison BJ, Mudge M, Hughes LE. Source: British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.). 1987 February 21; 294(6570): 4879. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3103741

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Reflex sympathetic dystrophy with hidradenitis suppurativa exacerbation: a case report. Author(s): Moroz A, Lee MH, Clark J. Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2001 March; 82(3): 412-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11245766

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Reticulate pigmented anomaly of the flexures (Dowling-Degos disease): a case report associated with hidradenitis suppurativa and squamous cell carcinoma. Author(s): Weber LA, Kantor GR, Bergfeld WF. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1990 June; 45(6): 446-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2350982

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Scanner-assisted carbon dioxide laser surgery: a retrospective follow-up study of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Lapins J, Sartorius K, Emtestam L. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2002 August; 47(2): 280-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12140476

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Scrotal elephantiasis associated with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Konety BR, Cooper T, Flood HD, Futrell JW. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1996 May; 97(6): 1243-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8628808

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Sebum excretion in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB, Gniadecka M. Source: Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland). 1997; 194(4): 325-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9252751

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Severe hidradenitis suppurativa treated with infliximab infusion. Author(s): Adams DR, Gordon KB, Devenyi AG, Ioffreda MD. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 2003 December; 139(12): 1540-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14676068

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Split-thickness skin grafts and negative-pressure dressings in the treatment of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Hynes PJ, Earley MJ, Lawlor D. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2002 September; 55(6): 507-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12479426

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Spondyloarthropathy and hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Bennett RE, Wilke WS, Murphy DP. Source: Annals of Internal Medicine. 1983 January; 98(1): 112. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6848034

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Spondyloarthropathy with hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Hellmann DB. Source: Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 1992 May 6; 267(17): 2363-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1564778

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Squamous cell carcinoma arising in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Mendonca H, Rebelo C, Fernandes A, Lino A, Garcia e Silva L. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1991 October; 17(10): 830-2. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1918590

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Squamous cell carcinoma arising in hidradenitis suppurativa: case report. Author(s): Gordon SW. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1977 November; 60(5): 800-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=918190

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Squamous cell carcinoma complicating hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Anstey AV, Wilkinson JD, Lord P. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1990 October; 123(4): 527-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2095185

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Squamous cell carcinoma complicating hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Black SB, Woods JE. Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology. 1982 January; 19(1): 25-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7057641

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Squamous cell carcinoma complicating perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Perez-Diaz D, Calvo-Serrano M, Martinez-Hijosa E, Fuenmayor-Valera L, Munoz-Jimenez F, Turegano-Fuentes F, Del Valle E. Source: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 1995; 10(4): 225-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8568409

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Squamous cell carcinoma occurring in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Zachary LS, Robson MC, Rachmaninoff N. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1987 January; 18(1): 71-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3827135

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Squamous-cell cancer in Verneuil's disease (hidradenitis suppurativa) Author(s): Malaguarnera M, Pontillo T, Pistone G, Succi L. Source: Lancet. 1996 November 23; 348(9039): 1449. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8937297

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Streptococcus milleri causing treatable infection in perineal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Highet AS, Warren RE, Staughton RC, Roberts SO. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1980 October; 103(4): 375-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7437303

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Subcutaneous fistulectomy in bridging hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Golcman R, Golcman B, Tamura BM, Nogueira MA, Zoo CM, Germano JA. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1999 October; 25(10): 795-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10594582

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Successful treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa and retroauricular acne with etretinate. Author(s): Chow ET, Mortimer PS. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1992 April; 126(4): 415. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1533313

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Successful treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with acitretin. Author(s): Hogan DJ, Light MJ. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1988 August; 19(2 Pt 1): 3556. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2971689

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Suggestions for uniform outcome variables when reporting treatment effects in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Sartorius K, Lapins J, Emtestam L, Jemec GB. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 2003 July; 149(1): 211-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12890229

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Surgery of hidradenitis suppurativa of the perineum. Author(s): Cocke WM Jr. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1967 February; 39(2): 178-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5335200

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Surgical management of hidradenitis suppurativa of the nipple-areolar complex. Author(s): Li EN, Mofid MM, Goldberg NH, Silverman RP. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 2004 February; 52(2): 220-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14745277

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Surgical management of massive perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Ramasastry SS, Conklin WT, Granick MS, Futrell JW. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1985 September; 15(3): 218-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3841267

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Surgical management of severe mammary hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Moosa HH, McAuley CE, Ramasastry SS. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1988 January; 20(1): 82-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3341719

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Surgical treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Morris HL. Source: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2000 November; 93(11): 606. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11198698

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Surgical treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Masson JK. Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America. 1969 October; 49(5): 1043-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4898617

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Surgical treatment of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Hermanson A. Source: Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982; 16(2): 163-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7156899

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Surgical treatment of chronic gluteal hidradenitis suppurativa: reused skin graft technique. Author(s): Kuo HW, Ohara K. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2003 February; 29(2): 173-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12562349

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Surgical treatment of chronic hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Temelkov T, Troshev K. Source: Acta Chir Plast. 1984; 26(4): 246-52. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6084385

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Surgical treatment of chronic hidradenitis suppurativa: CO2 laser strippingsecondary intention technique. Author(s): Lapins J, Marcusson JA, Emtestam L. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1994 October; 131(4): 551-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7947209

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Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa of the axilla. Author(s): Tasche C, Angelats J, Jayaram B. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1975 May; 55(5): 559-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1096184

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Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Bohn J, Svensson H. Source: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery / Nordisk Plastikkirurgisk Forening [and] Nordisk Klubb for Handkirurgi. 2001 September; 35(3): 305-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11680401

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Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Banerjee AK. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1992 September; 79(9): 863-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1422743

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Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Rogers IW, Ryan RF. Source: J La State Med Soc. 1983 October; 135(10): 21-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6557126

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Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Duncan WC. Source: J Dermatol Surg. 1976 May; 2(2): 153-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=932294

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Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Hartwell SW Jr. Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America. 1975 October; 55(5): 1107-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1099701

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Surgical treatment of hyperhidrosis and chronic hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Letterman G, Schurter M. Source: The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 1974 July; 63(1): 174-82. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4601132

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Surgical treatment of perianal and perineal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Thornton JP, Abcarian H. Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 1978 November-December; 21(8): 573-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=738172

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Surgical treatment of perineal hidradenitis suppurativa with special reference to recognition of the perianal form. Author(s): Brown SC, Kazzazi N, Lord PH. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1986 December; 73(12): 978-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3790962

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Temporary x-ray epilation therapy of chronic axillary hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Zeligman I. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1965 December; 92(6): 690-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5846325

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The bacteriology of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB, Faber M, Gutschik E, Wendelboe P. Source: Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland). 1996; 193(3): 203-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8944341

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The clinical genetics of hidradenitis suppurativa revisited. Author(s): Von Der Werth JM, Williams HC, Raeburn JA. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 2000 May; 142(5): 947-53. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10809853

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The clinical spectrum of the arthropathy associated with hidradenitis suppurativa and acne conglobata. Author(s): Rosner IA, Burg CG, Wisnieski JJ, Schacter BZ, Richter DE. Source: The Journal of Rheumatology. 1993 April; 20(4): 684-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8496865

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The differential diagnosis and comorbidity of hidradenitis suppurativa and perianal Crohn's disease. Author(s): Church JM, Fazio VW, Lavery IC, Oakley JR, Milsom JW. Source: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 1993 September; 8(3): 117-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8245664

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The homogeneity of hidradenitis suppurativa lesions. A histological study of intraindividual variation. Author(s): Jemec GB, Thomsen BM, Hansen U. Source: Apmis : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica. 1997 May; 105(5): 378-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9201239

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The natural history of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): von der Werth JM, Williams HC. Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : Jeadv. 2000 September; 14(5): 389-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11305381

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The pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa: a closer look at apocrine and apoeccrine glands. Author(s): Attanoos RL, Appleton MA, Douglas-Jones AG. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1995 August; 133(2): 254-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7547393

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The prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa and its potential precursor lesions. Author(s): Jemec GB, Heidenheim M, Nielsen NH. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1996 August; 35(2 Pt 1): 1914. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8708018

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The role of depilation and deodorants in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Morgan WP, Leicester G. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1982 February; 118(2): 101-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7059208

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The surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Chapman J. Source: Journal of the National Medical Association. 1972 July; 64(4): 328-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5042992

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The surgical treatment of perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Barron J. Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 1970 November-December; 13(6): 441-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5501399

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The symptomatology of hidradenitis suppurativa in women. Author(s): Jemec GB. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1988 September; 119(3): 345-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3179207

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The use of silastic foam dressing in the treatment of advanced hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Morgan WP, Harding KG, Richardson G, Hughes LE. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1980 April; 67(4): 277-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7388312

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The value of mapping apocrine-bearing skin before surgical excision in hidradenitis suppurativa: experience in Kaduna. Author(s): Udezue ND. Source: Trop Doct. 1991 July; 21(3): 131-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1926561

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Topical clindamycin versus systemic tetracycline in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB, Wendelboe P. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1998 December; 39(6): 971-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9843011

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Topical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with clindamycin. Author(s): Clemmensen OJ. Source: International Journal of Dermatology. 1983 June; 22(5): 325-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6347922

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Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with carbon dioxide laser excision and secondintention healing. Author(s): Finley EM, Ratz JL. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1996 March; 34(3): 465-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8609261

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Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with combination hypothalamic-pituitaryovarian and adrenal suppression. A case report. Author(s): Camisa C, Sexton C, Friedman C. Source: J Reprod Med. 1989 August; 34(8): 543-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2509694

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Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with the carbon dioxide laser. Author(s): Dalrymple JC, Monaghan JM. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1987 May; 74(5): 420. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3109537

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Treatment of long-standing extensive perianal hidradenitis suppurativa using double rotation plasty, V-Y plasty and free grafts. Author(s): Liron-Ruiz R, Torralba-Martinez JA, Pellicer-Franco E, Morales-Cuenca G, Martin-Lorenzo JG, Miguel-Perello J, Aguayo-Albasini JL. Source: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2004 January; 19(1): 73-8. Epub 2003 June 28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12838364

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Treatment of persistent painful nodules of hidradenitis suppurativa with cryotherapy. Author(s): Bong JL, Shalders K, Saihan E. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 2003 May; 28(3): 241-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12780702

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Ultrasound examination of hair follicles in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Jemec GB, Gniadecka M. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1997 August; 133(8): 967-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9267241

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Urethral fistula and sinus formation in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Buckley C, Sarkany I. Source: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 1989 March; 14(2): 158-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2598491

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Urethral fistula caused by acne inversa (hidradenitis suppurativa): a case report. Author(s): Gronau E, Pannek J. Source: International Urology and Nephrology. 2002; 34(3): 377-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12899232

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Verrucous carcinoma arising in hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Cosman BC, O'Grady TC, Pekarske S. Source: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2000 November; 15(5-6): 342-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11151441

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Vulval squamous cell carcinoma arising in chronic hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Manolitsas T, Biankin S, Jaworski R, Wain G. Source: Gynecologic Oncology. 1999 November; 75(2): 285-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10525388

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Vulvar hidradenitis suppurativa. Immunohistochemical evaluation of apocrine and eccrine involvement. Author(s): Heller DS, Haefner HK, Hameed M, Lieberman RW. Source: J Reprod Med. 2002 September; 47(9): 695-700. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12380447

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What's new in acne inversa (alias hidradenitis suppurativa)? Author(s): Jansen T, Plewig G. Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : Jeadv. 2000 September; 14(5): 342-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11305371

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What's new in hidradenitis suppurativa? Author(s): Jemec GB. Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : Jeadv. 2000 September; 14(5): 340-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11305370

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CHAPTER 2. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA Overview In this chapter, we will begin by introducing you to official information sources on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) relating to hidradenitis suppurativa. At the conclusion of this chapter, we will provide additional sources.

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (http://nccam.nih.gov/) has created a link to the National Library of Medicine’s databases to facilitate research for articles that specifically relate to hidradenitis suppurativa and complementary medicine. To search the database, go to the following Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nccam/camonpubmed.html. Select “CAM on PubMed.” Enter “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or synonyms) into the search box. Click “Go.” The following references provide information on particular aspects of complementary and alternative medicine that are related to hidradenitis suppurativa: •

A preliminary report on the use of Staphage Lysate for treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Author(s): Kress DW, Graham WP 3rd, Davis TS, Miller SH. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1981 May; 6(5): 393-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7247254

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Surgical management of chronic hidradenitis suppurativa of the perineum. Author(s): Hyland WT, Neale HW. Source: Southern Medical Journal. 1976 August; 69(8): 1002-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=785606

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Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering CAM and related topics. The following is a representative sample: •

Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.: http://www.herbmed.org/

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AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=169&layer=&from=subcats

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Chinese Medicine: http://www.newcenturynutrition.com/

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drkoop.com: http://www.drkoop.com/InteractiveMedicine/IndexC.html

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Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_altn.htm

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Alternative/

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Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

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MedWebPlus: http://medwebplus.com/subject/Alternative_and_Complementary_Medicine

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Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Alternative/

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HealthGate: http://www.tnp.com/

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WebMDHealth: http://my.webmd.com/drugs_and_herbs

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WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,00.html

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Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Alternative_Medicine/

General References A good place to find general background information on CAM is the National Library of Medicine. It has prepared within the MEDLINEplus system an information topic page dedicated to complementary and alternative medicine. To access this page, go to the MEDLINEplus site at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/alternativemedicine.html. This Web site provides a general overview of various topics and can lead to a number of general sources.

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CHAPTER 3. BOOKS ON HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA Overview This chapter provides bibliographic book references relating to hidradenitis suppurativa. In addition to online booksellers such as www.amazon.com and www.bn.com, excellent sources for book titles on hidradenitis suppurativa include the Combined Health Information Database and the National Library of Medicine. Your local medical library also may have these titles available for loan.

Chapters on Hidradenitis Suppurativa In order to find chapters that specifically relate to hidradenitis suppurativa, an excellent source of abstracts is the Combined Health Information Database. You will need to limit your search to book chapters and hidradenitis suppurativa using the “Detailed Search” option. Go to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find book chapters, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Book Chapter.” Type “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. The following is a typical result when searching for book chapters on hidradenitis suppurativa: •

Anorectal Disorders Source: in Brandt, L., et al., eds. Clinical Practice of Gastroenterology. Volume One. Philadelphia, PA: Current Medicine. 1999. p. 772-783. Contact: Available from W.B. Saunders Company. Order Fulfillment, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887. (800) 545-2522. Fax (800) 874-6418 or (407) 352-3445. Website: www.wbsaunders.com. PRICE: $235.00 plus shipping and handling. ISBN: 0443065209 (two volume set); 0443065217 (volume 1); 0443065225 (volume 2). Summary: The anorectal region comprises the rectum, the anal canal, and the perineum; the main function of the anorectal region is the maintenance of continence. This chapter on anorectal disorders is from a lengthy textbook that brings practitioners up to date on the complexities of gastroenterology practice, focusing on the essentials of patient care. The authors of this chapter review the anatomy and clinical evaluation of the anorectal region, and common problems, including hemorrhoids, pilonidal disease, hidradenitis

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suppurativa (a disease of apocrine sweat gland bearing skin areas), fissure in ano, rectal prolapse, pruritis ani (a symptom of intense itching), chronic anorectal pain, and anorectal suppuration. For each of these conditions, the authors discuss clinical features, etiology and pathogenesis, and treatment options. Because anorectal complaints refer mainly to problems of pain or bleeding and alterations in continence, attention should be given to bowel function, previous anorectal problems, and previous anorectal operations. Some systemic health problems may manifest themselves in this region (e.g., Crohn's disease or immunosuppressive disorders). 11 figures. 1 table. 63 references.

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES Overview In this chapter, we focus on databases and Internet-based guidelines and information resources created or written for a professional audience.

NIH Guidelines Commonly referred to as “clinical” or “professional” guidelines, the National Institutes of Health publish physician guidelines for the most common diseases. Publications are available at the following by relevant Institute4: •

Office of the Director (OD); guidelines consolidated across agencies available at http://www.nih.gov/health/consumer/conkey.htm

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National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); fact sheets available at http://www.nigms.nih.gov/news/facts/

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National Library of Medicine (NLM); extensive encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.) with guidelines: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html

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National Cancer Institute (NCI); guidelines available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/list.aspx?viewid=5f35036e-5497-4d86-8c2c714a9f7c8d25

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National Eye Institute (NEI); guidelines available at http://www.nei.nih.gov/order/index.htm

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); guidelines available at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/index.htm

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National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI); research available at http://www.genome.gov/page.cfm?pageID=10000375

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National Institute on Aging (NIA); guidelines available at http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/

4

These publications are typically written by one or more of the various NIH Institutes.

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•

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); guidelines available at http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/publications.htm

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); guidelines available at http://www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/

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National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS); fact sheets and guidelines available at http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/index.htm

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National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); guidelines available at http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubskey.cfm

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National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); fact sheets and guidelines at http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); guidelines available at http://www.nidr.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); guidelines available at http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/health.htm

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National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); guidelines available at http://www.nida.nih.gov/DrugAbuse.html

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National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); environmental health information available at http://www.niehs.nih.gov/external/facts.htm

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National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); guidelines available at http://www.nimh.nih.gov/practitioners/index.cfm

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National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); neurological disorder information pages available at http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorder_index.htm

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National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR); publications on selected illnesses at http://www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/publications.html

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National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; general information at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/becon/becon_info.htm

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Center for Information Technology (CIT); referrals to other agencies based on keyword searches available at http://kb.nih.gov/www_query_main.asp

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National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); health information available at http://nccam.nih.gov/health/

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National Center for Research Resources (NCRR); various information directories available at http://www.ncrr.nih.gov/publications.asp

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Office of Rare Diseases; various fact sheets available at http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/html/resources/rep_pubs.html

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; various fact sheets on infectious diseases available at http://www.cdc.gov/publications.htm

Physician Resources

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NIH Databases In addition to the various Institutes of Health that publish professional guidelines, the NIH has designed a number of databases for professionals.5 Physician-oriented resources provide a wide variety of information related to the biomedical and health sciences, both past and present. The format of these resources varies. Searchable databases, bibliographic citations, full-text articles (when available), archival collections, and images are all available. The following are referenced by the National Library of Medicine:6 •

Bioethics: Access to published literature on the ethical, legal, and public policy issues surrounding healthcare and biomedical research. This information is provided in conjunction with the Kennedy Institute of Ethics located at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_bioethics.html

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HIV/AIDS Resources: Describes various links and databases dedicated to HIV/AIDS research: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/aidsinfs.html

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NLM Online Exhibitions: Describes “Exhibitions in the History of Medicine”: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/exhibition.html. Additional resources for historical scholarship in medicine: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/hmd.html

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Biotechnology Information: Access to public databases. The National Center for Biotechnology Information conducts research in computational biology, develops software tools for analyzing genome data, and disseminates biomedical information for the better understanding of molecular processes affecting human health and disease: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

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Population Information: The National Library of Medicine provides access to worldwide coverage of population, family planning, and related health issues, including family planning technology and programs, fertility, and population law and policy: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_population.html

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Cancer Information: Access to cancer-oriented databases: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_cancer.html

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Profiles in Science: Offering the archival collections of prominent twentieth-century biomedical scientists to the public through modern digital technology: http://www.profiles.nlm.nih.gov/

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Chemical Information: Provides links to various chemical databases and references: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Chem/ChemMain.html

•

Clinical Alerts: Reports the release of findings from the NIH-funded clinical trials where such release could significantly affect morbidity and mortality: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/alerts/clinical_alerts.html

•

Space Life Sciences: Provides links and information to space-based research (including NASA): http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_space.html

•

MEDLINE: Bibliographic database covering the fields of medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the healthcare system, and the pre-clinical sciences: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_medline.html

5 Remember, for the general public, the National Library of Medicine recommends the databases referenced in MEDLINEplus (http://medlineplus.gov/ or http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/databases.html). 6 See http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases.html.

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•

Toxicology and Environmental Health Information (TOXNET): Databases covering toxicology and environmental health: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Tox/ToxMain.html

•

Visible Human Interface: Anatomically detailed, three-dimensional representations of normal male and female human bodies: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_human.html The NLM Gateway7

The NLM (National Library of Medicine) Gateway is a Web-based system that lets users search simultaneously in multiple retrieval systems at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). It allows users of NLM services to initiate searches from one Web interface, providing one-stop searching for many of NLM’s information resources or databases.8 To use the NLM Gateway, simply go to the search site at http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd. Type “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or synonyms) into the search box and click “Search.” The results will be presented in a tabular form, indicating the number of references in each database category. Results Summary Category Journal Articles Books / Periodicals / Audio Visual Consumer Health Meeting Abstracts Other Collections Total

Items Found 399 3 42 0 4 448

HSTAT9 HSTAT is a free, Web-based resource that provides access to full-text documents used in healthcare decision-making.10 These documents include clinical practice guidelines, quickreference guides for clinicians, consumer health brochures, evidence reports and technology assessments from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), as well as AHRQ’s Put Prevention Into Practice.11 Simply search by “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or synonyms) at the following Web site: http://text.nlm.nih.gov.

Adapted from NLM: http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd?Overview.x. The NLM Gateway is currently being developed by the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications (LHNCBC) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 9 Adapted from HSTAT: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/hstat.html. 10 The HSTAT URL is http://hstat.nlm.nih.gov/. 11 Other important documents in HSTAT include: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Conference Reports and Technology Assessment Reports; the HIV/AIDS Treatment Information Service (ATIS) resource documents; the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (SAMHSA/CSAT) Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIP) and Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (SAMHSA/CSAP) Prevention Enhancement Protocols System (PEPS); the Public Health Service (PHS) Preventive Services Task Force's Guide to Clinical Preventive Services; the independent, nonfederal Task Force on Community Services’ Guide to Community Preventive Services; and the Health Technology Advisory Committee (HTAC) of the Minnesota Health Care Commission (MHCC) health technology evaluations. 7 8

Physician Resources

47

Coffee Break: Tutorials for Biologists12 Coffee Break is a general healthcare site that takes a scientific view of the news and covers recent breakthroughs in biology that may one day assist physicians in developing treatments. Here you will find a collection of short reports on recent biological discoveries. Each report incorporates interactive tutorials that demonstrate how bioinformatics tools are used as a part of the research process. Currently, all Coffee Breaks are written by NCBI staff.13 Each report is about 400 words and is usually based on a discovery reported in one or more articles from recently published, peer-reviewed literature.14 This site has new articles every few weeks, so it can be considered an online magazine of sorts. It is intended for general background information. You can access the Coffee Break Web site at the following hyperlink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/.

Other Commercial Databases In addition to resources maintained by official agencies, other databases exist that are commercial ventures addressing medical professionals. Here are some examples that may interest you: •

CliniWeb International: Index and table of contents to selected clinical information on the Internet; see http://www.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/.

•

Medical World Search: Searches full text from thousands of selected medical sites on the Internet; see http://www.mwsearch.com/.

Adapted from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/Archive/FAQ.html. The figure that accompanies each article is frequently supplied by an expert external to NCBI, in which case the source of the figure is cited. The result is an interactive tutorial that tells a biological story. 14 After a brief introduction that sets the work described into a broader context, the report focuses on how a molecular understanding can provide explanations of observed biology and lead to therapies for diseases. Each vignette is accompanied by a figure and hypertext links that lead to a series of pages that interactively show how NCBI tools and resources are used in the research process. 12

13

49

APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES Overview Official agencies, as well as federally funded institutions supported by national grants, frequently publish a variety of guidelines written with the patient in mind. These are typically called “Fact Sheets” or “Guidelines.” They can take the form of a brochure, information kit, pamphlet, or flyer. Often they are only a few pages in length. Since new guidelines on hidradenitis suppurativa can appear at any moment and be published by a number of sources, the best approach to finding guidelines is to systematically scan the Internet-based services that post them.

Patient Guideline Sources The remainder of this chapter directs you to sources which either publish or can help you find additional guidelines on topics related to hidradenitis suppurativa. Due to space limitations, these sources are listed in a concise manner. Do not hesitate to consult the following sources by either using the Internet hyperlink provided, or, in cases where the contact information is provided, contacting the publisher or author directly. The National Institutes of Health The NIH gateway to patients is located at http://health.nih.gov/. From this site, you can search across various sources and institutes, a number of which are summarized below. Topic Pages: MEDLINEplus The National Library of Medicine has created a vast and patient-oriented healthcare information portal called MEDLINEplus. Within this Internet-based system are “health topic pages” which list links to available materials relevant to hidradenitis suppurativa. To access this system, log on to http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html. From there you can either search using the alphabetical index or browse by broad topic areas. Recently, MEDLINEplus listed the following when searched for “hidradenitis suppurativa”:

50


Abscesses http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/abscesses.html Acne http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/acne.html Breast Cancer http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/breastcancer.html Candidiasis http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/candidiasis.html Cellulitis http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cellulitis.html Cystic Fibrosis http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cysticfibrosis.html Fungal Infections http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/fungalinfections.html Salivary Gland Disorders http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/salivaryglanddisorders.html Scabies http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/scabies.html Thyroid Diseases http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/thyroiddiseases.html Tinea Infections http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tineainfections.html You may also choose to use the search utility provided by MEDLINEplus at the following Web address: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/. Simply type a keyword into the search box and click “Search.” This utility is similar to the NIH search utility, with the exception that it only includes materials that are linked within the MEDLINEplus system (mostly patient-oriented information). It also has the disadvantage of generating unstructured results. We recommend, therefore, that you use this method only if you have a very targeted search. The NIH Search Utility The NIH search utility allows you to search for documents on over 100 selected Web sites that comprise the NIH-WEB-SPACE. Each of these servers is “crawled” and indexed on an ongoing basis. Your search will produce a list of various documents, all of which will relate in some way to hidradenitis suppurativa. The drawbacks of this approach are that the information is not organized by theme and that the references are often a mix of information for professionals and patients. Nevertheless, a large number of the listed Web sites provide useful background information. We can only recommend this route, therefore, for relatively rare or specific disorders, or when using highly targeted searches. To use the NIH search utility, visit the following Web page: http://search.nih.gov/index.html.

Patient Resources

51

Additional Web Sources A number of Web sites are available to the public that often link to government sites. These can also point you in the direction of essential information. The following is a representative sample: •

AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=168&layer=&from=subcats

•

Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/specific.htm

•

Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

•

Med Help International: http://www.medhelp.org/HealthTopics/A.html

•

Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

•

Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Diseases_and_Conditions/

•

WebMDHealth: http://my.webmd.com/health_topics

Finding Associations There are several Internet directories that provide lists of medical associations with information on or resources relating to hidradenitis suppurativa. By consulting all of associations listed in this chapter, you will have nearly exhausted all sources for patient associations concerned with hidradenitis suppurativa. The National Health Information Center (NHIC) The National Health Information Center (NHIC) offers a free referral service to help people find organizations that provide information about hidradenitis suppurativa. For more information, see the NHIC’s Web site at http://www.health.gov/NHIC/ or contact an information specialist by calling 1-800-336-4797. Directory of Health Organizations The Directory of Health Organizations, provided by the National Library of Medicine Specialized Information Services, is a comprehensive source of information on associations. The Directory of Health Organizations database can be accessed via the Internet at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/Dir/DirMain.html. It is composed of two parts: DIRLINE and Health Hotlines. The DIRLINE database comprises some 10,000 records of organizations, research centers, and government institutes and associations that primarily focus on health and biomedicine. To access DIRLINE directly, go to the following Web site: http://dirline.nlm.nih.gov/. Simply type in “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or a synonym), and you will receive information on all relevant organizations listed in the database. Health Hotlines directs you to toll-free numbers to over 300 organizations. You can access this database directly at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/hotlines/. On this page, you are given the option to search by keyword or by browsing the subject list. When you have received

52


your search results, click on the name of the organization for its description and contact information. The Combined Health Information Database Another comprehensive source of information on healthcare associations is the Combined Health Information Database. Using the “Detailed Search” option, you will need to limit your search to “Organizations” and “hidradenitis suppurativa”. Type the following hyperlink into your Web browser: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find associations, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” For publication date, select “All Years.” Then, select your preferred language and the format option “Organization Resource Sheet.” Type “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this database since it is updated every three months. The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. has prepared a Web site that provides, at no charge, lists of associations organized by health topic. You can access this database at the following Web site: http://www.rarediseases.org/search/orgsearch.html. Type “hidradenitis suppurativa” (or a synonym) into the search box, and click “Submit Query.”

53

APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES Overview In this Appendix, we show you how to quickly find a medical library in your area.

Preparation Your local public library and medical libraries have interlibrary loan programs with the National Library of Medicine (NLM), one of the largest medical collections in the world. According to the NLM, most of the literature in the general and historical collections of the National Library of Medicine is available on interlibrary loan to any library. If you would like to access NLM medical literature, then visit a library in your area that can request the publications for you.15

Finding a Local Medical Library The quickest method to locate medical libraries is to use the Internet-based directory published by the National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NN/LM). This network includes 4626 members and affiliates that provide many services to librarians, health professionals, and the public. To find a library in your area, simply visit http://nnlm.gov/members/adv.html or call 1-800-338-7657.

Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada In addition to the NN/LM, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) lists a number of libraries with reference facilities that are open to the public. The following is the NLM’s list and includes hyperlinks to each library’s Web site. These Web pages can provide information on hours of operation and other restrictions. The list below is a small sample of

15

Adapted from the NLM: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/psd/cas/interlibrary.html.

54


libraries recommended by the National Library of Medicine (sorted alphabetically by name of the U.S. state or Canadian province where the library is located)16: •

Alabama: Health InfoNet of Jefferson County (Jefferson County Library Cooperative, Lister Hill Library of the Health Sciences), http://www.uab.edu/infonet/

•

Alabama: Richard M. Scrushy Library (American Sports Medicine Institute)

•

Arizona: Samaritan Regional Medical Center: The Learning Center (Samaritan Health System, Phoenix, Arizona), http://www.samaritan.edu/library/bannerlibs.htm

•

California: Kris Kelly Health Information Center (St. Joseph Health System, Humboldt), http://www.humboldt1.com/~kkhic/index.html

•

California: Community Health Library of Los Gatos, http://www.healthlib.org/orgresources.html

•

California: Consumer Health Program and Services (CHIPS) (County of Los Angeles Public Library, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Library) - Carson, CA, http://www.colapublib.org/services/chips.html

•

California: Gateway Health Library (Sutter Gould Medical Foundation)

•

California: Health Library (Stanford University Medical Center), http://wwwmed.stanford.edu/healthlibrary/

•

California: Patient Education Resource Center - Health Information and Resources (University of California, San Francisco), http://sfghdean.ucsf.edu/barnett/PERC/default.asp

•

California: Redwood Health Library (Petaluma Health Care District), http://www.phcd.org/rdwdlib.html

•

California: Los Gatos PlaneTree Health Library, http://planetreesanjose.org/

•

California: Sutter Resource Library (Sutter Hospitals Foundation, Sacramento), http://suttermedicalcenter.org/library/

•

California: Health Sciences Libraries (University of California, Davis), http://www.lib.ucdavis.edu/healthsci/

•

California: ValleyCare Health Library & Ryan Comer Cancer Resource Center (ValleyCare Health System, Pleasanton), http://gaelnet.stmarysca.edu/other.libs/gbal/east/vchl.html

•

California: Washington Community Health Resource Library (Fremont), http://www.healthlibrary.org/

•

Colorado: William V. Gervasini Memorial Library (Exempla Healthcare), http://www.saintjosephdenver.org/yourhealth/libraries/

•

Connecticut: Hartford Hospital Health Science Libraries (Hartford Hospital), http://www.harthosp.org/library/

•

Connecticut: Healthnet: Connecticut Consumer Health Information Center (University of Connecticut Health Center, Lyman Maynard Stowe Library), http://library.uchc.edu/departm/hnet/

16

Abstracted from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/libraries.html.

Finding Medical Libraries

55

•

Connecticut: Waterbury Hospital Health Center Library (Waterbury Hospital, Waterbury), http://www.waterburyhospital.com/library/consumer.shtml

•

Delaware: Consumer Health Library (Christiana Care Health System, Eugene du Pont Preventive Medicine & Rehabilitation Institute, Wilmington), http://www.christianacare.org/health_guide/health_guide_pmri_health_info.cfm

•

Delaware: Lewis B. Flinn Library (Delaware Academy of Medicine, Wilmington), http://www.delamed.org/chls.html

•

Georgia: Family Resource Library (Medical College of Georgia, Augusta), http://cmc.mcg.edu/kids_families/fam_resources/fam_res_lib/frl.htm

•

Georgia: Health Resource Center (Medical Center of Central Georgia, Macon), http://www.mccg.org/hrc/hrchome.asp

•

Hawaii: Hawaii Medical Library: Consumer Health Information Service (Hawaii Medical Library, Honolulu), http://hml.org/CHIS/

•

Idaho: DeArmond Consumer Health Library (Kootenai Medical Center, Coeur d’Alene), http://www.nicon.org/DeArmond/index.htm

•

Illinois: Health Learning Center of Northwestern Memorial Hospital (Chicago), http://www.nmh.org/health_info/hlc.html

•

Illinois: Medical Library (OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria), http://www.osfsaintfrancis.org/general/library/

•

Kentucky: Medical Library - Services for Patients, Families, Students & the Public (Central Baptist Hospital, Lexington), http://www.centralbap.com/education/community/library.cfm

•

Kentucky: University of Kentucky - Health Information Library (Chandler Medical Center, Lexington), http://www.mc.uky.edu/PatientEd/

•

Louisiana: Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation Library (Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans), http://www.ochsner.org/library/

•

Louisiana: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Medical LibraryShreveport, http://lib-sh.lsuhsc.edu/

•

Maine: Franklin Memorial Hospital Medical Library (Franklin Memorial Hospital, Farmington), http://www.fchn.org/fmh/lib.htm

•

Maine: Gerrish-True Health Sciences Library (Central Maine Medical Center, Lewiston), http://www.cmmc.org/library/library.html

•

Maine: Hadley Parrot Health Science Library (Eastern Maine Healthcare, Bangor), http://www.emh.org/hll/hpl/guide.htm

•

Maine: Maine Medical Center Library (Maine Medical Center, Portland), http://www.mmc.org/library/

•

Maine: Parkview Hospital (Brunswick), http://www.parkviewhospital.org/

•

Maine: Southern Maine Medical Center Health Sciences Library (Southern Maine Medical Center, Biddeford), http://www.smmc.org/services/service.php3?choice=10

•

Maine: Stephens Memorial Hospital’s Health Information Library (Western Maine Health, Norway), http://www.wmhcc.org/Library/

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•

Manitoba, Canada: Consumer & Patient Health Information Service (University of Manitoba Libraries), http://www.umanitoba.ca/libraries/units/health/reference/chis.html

•

Manitoba, Canada: J.W. Crane Memorial Library (Deer Lodge Centre, Winnipeg), http://www.deerlodge.mb.ca/crane_library/about.asp

•

Maryland: Health Information Center at the Wheaton Regional Library (Montgomery County, Dept. of Public Libraries, Wheaton Regional Library), http://www.mont.lib.md.us/healthinfo/hic.asp

•

Massachusetts: Baystate Medical Center Library (Baystate Health System), http://www.baystatehealth.com/1024/

•

Massachusetts: Boston University Medical Center Alumni Medical Library (Boston University Medical Center), http://med-libwww.bu.edu/library/lib.html

•

Massachusetts: Lowell General Hospital Health Sciences Library (Lowell General Hospital, Lowell), http://www.lowellgeneral.org/library/HomePageLinks/WWW.htm

•

Massachusetts: Paul E. Woodard Health Sciences Library (New England Baptist Hospital, Boston), http://www.nebh.org/health_lib.asp

•

Massachusetts: St. Luke’s Hospital Health Sciences Library (St. Luke’s Hospital, Southcoast Health System, New Bedford), http://www.southcoast.org/library/

•

Massachusetts: Treadwell Library Consumer Health Reference Center (Massachusetts General Hospital), http://www.mgh.harvard.edu/library/chrcindex.html

•

Massachusetts: UMass HealthNet (University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester), http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/

•

Michigan: Botsford General Hospital Library - Consumer Health (Botsford General Hospital, Library & Internet Services), http://www.botsfordlibrary.org/consumer.htm

•

Michigan: Helen DeRoy Medical Library (Providence Hospital and Medical Centers), http://www.providence-hospital.org/library/

•

Michigan: Marquette General Hospital - Consumer Health Library (Marquette General Hospital, Health Information Center), http://www.mgh.org/center.html

•

Michigan: Patient Education Resouce Center - University of Michigan Cancer Center (University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor), http://www.cancer.med.umich.edu/learn/leares.htm

•

Michigan: Sladen Library & Center for Health Information Resources - Consumer Health Information (Detroit), http://www.henryford.com/body.cfm?id=39330

•

Montana: Center for Health Information (St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center, Missoula)

•

National: Consumer Health Library Directory (Medical Library Association, Consumer and Patient Health Information Section), http://caphis.mlanet.org/directory/index.html

•

National: National Network of Libraries of Medicine (National Library of Medicine) provides library services for health professionals in the United States who do not have access to a medical library, http://nnlm.gov/

•

National: NN/LM List of Libraries Serving the Public (National Network of Libraries of Medicine), http://nnlm.gov/members/

Finding Medical Libraries

57

•

Nevada: Health Science Library, West Charleston Library (Las Vegas-Clark County Library District, Las Vegas), http://www.lvccld.org/special_collections/medical/index.htm

•

New Hampshire: Dartmouth Biomedical Libraries (Dartmouth College Library, Hanover), http://www.dartmouth.edu/~biomed/resources.htmld/conshealth.htmld/

•

New Jersey: Consumer Health Library (Rahway Hospital, Rahway), http://www.rahwayhospital.com/library.htm

•

New Jersey: Dr. Walter Phillips Health Sciences Library (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.englewoodhospital.com/links/index.htm

•

New Jersey: Meland Foundation (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/9360/

•

New York: Choices in Health Information (New York Public Library) - NLM Consumer Pilot Project participant, http://www.nypl.org/branch/health/links.html

•

New York: Health Information Center (Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse), http://www.upstate.edu/library/hic/

•

New York: Health Sciences Library (Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park), http://www.lij.edu/library/library.html

•

New York: ViaHealth Medical Library (Rochester General Hospital), http://www.nyam.org/library/

•

Ohio: Consumer Health Library (Akron General Medical Center, Medical & Consumer Health Library), http://www.akrongeneral.org/hwlibrary.htm

•

Oklahoma: The Health Information Center at Saint Francis Hospital (Saint Francis Health System, Tulsa), http://www.sfh-tulsa.com/services/healthinfo.asp

•

Oregon: Planetree Health Resource Center (Mid-Columbia Medical Center, The Dalles), http://www.mcmc.net/phrc/

•

Pennsylvania: Community Health Information Library (Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey), http://www.hmc.psu.edu/commhealth/

•

Pennsylvania: Community Health Resource Library (Geisinger Medical Center, Danville), http://www.geisinger.edu/education/commlib.shtml

•

Pennsylvania: HealthInfo Library (Moses Taylor Hospital, Scranton), http://www.mth.org/healthwellness.html

•

Pennsylvania: Hopwood Library (University of Pittsburgh, Health Sciences Library System, Pittsburgh), http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/chi/hopwood/index_html

•

Pennsylvania: Koop Community Health Information Center (College of Physicians of Philadelphia), http://www.collphyphil.org/kooppg1.shtml

•

Pennsylvania: Learning Resources Center - Medical Library (Susquehanna Health System, Williamsport), http://www.shscares.org/services/lrc/index.asp

•

Pennsylvania: Medical Library (UPMC Health System, Pittsburgh), http://www.upmc.edu/passavant/library.htm

•

Quebec, Canada: Medical Library (Montreal General Hospital), http://www.mghlib.mcgill.ca/

58


•

South Dakota: Rapid City Regional Hospital Medical Library (Rapid City Regional Hospital), http://www.rcrh.org/Services/Library/Default.asp

•

Texas: Houston HealthWays (Houston Academy of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library), http://hhw.library.tmc.edu/

•

Washington: Community Health Library (Kittitas Valley Community Hospital), http://www.kvch.com/

•

Washington: Southwest Washington Medical Center Library (Southwest Washington Medical Center, Vancouver), http://www.swmedicalcenter.com/body.cfm?id=72

59

ONLINE GLOSSARIES The Internet provides access to a number of free-to-use medical dictionaries. The National Library of Medicine has compiled the following list of online dictionaries: •

ADAM Medical Encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.), comprehensive medical reference: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html

•

MedicineNet.com Medical Dictionary (MedicineNet, Inc.): http://www.medterms.com/Script/Main/hp.asp

•

Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary (Inteli-Health, Inc.): http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/

•

Multilingual Glossary of Technical and Popular Medical Terms in Eight European Languages (European Commission) - Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish: http://allserv.rug.ac.be/~rvdstich/eugloss/welcome.html

•

On-line Medical Dictionary (CancerWEB): http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/

•

Rare Diseases Terms (Office of Rare Diseases): http://ord.aspensys.com/asp/diseases/diseases.asp

•

Technology Glossary (National Library of Medicine) - Health Care Technology: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nichsr/ta101/ta10108.htm

Beyond these, MEDLINEplus contains a very patient-friendly encyclopedia covering every aspect of medicine (licensed from A.D.A.M., Inc.). The ADAM Medical Encyclopedia can be accessed at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html. ADAM is also available on commercial Web sites such as drkoop.com (http://www.drkoop.com/) and Web MD (http://my.webmd.com/adam/asset/adam_disease_articles/a_to_z/a).

Online Dictionary Directories The following are additional online directories compiled by the National Library of Medicine, including a number of specialized medical dictionaries: •

Medical Dictionaries: Medical & Biological (World Health Organization): http://www.who.int/hlt/virtuallibrary/English/diction.htm#Medical

•

MEL-Michigan Electronic Library List of Online Health and Medical Dictionaries (Michigan Electronic Library): http://mel.lib.mi.us/health/health-dictionaries.html

•

Patient Education: Glossaries (DMOZ Open Directory Project): http://dmoz.org/Health/Education/Patient_Education/Glossaries/

•

Web of Online Dictionaries (Bucknell University): http://www.yourdictionary.com/diction5.html#medicine

61

HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA DICTIONARY The definitions below are derived from official public sources, including the National Institutes of Health [NIH] and the European Union [EU]. Abdominal: Having to do with the abdomen, which is the part of the body between the chest and the hips that contains the pancreas, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and other organs. [NIH] Abortion: 1. The premature expulsion from the uterus of the products of conception - of the embryo, or of a nonviable fetus. The four classic symptoms, usually present in each type of abortion, are uterine contractions, uterine haemorrhage, softening and dilatation of the cervix, and presentation or expulsion of all or part of the products of conception. 2. Premature stoppage of a natural or a pathological process. [EU] Abscess: A localized, circumscribed collection of pus. [NIH] Acanthosis Nigricans: A circumscribed melanosis consisting of a brown-pigmented, velvety verrucosity or fine papillomatosis appearing in the axillae and other body folds. It occurs in association with endocrine disorders, underlying malignancy, administration of certain drugs, or as in inherited disorder. [NIH] Acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. It is generally not used as an administered drug because it is broken down very rapidly by cholinesterases, but it is useful in some ophthalmological applications. [NIH] Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of etretinate with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate. [NIH]

Acne: A disorder of the skin marked by inflammation of oil glands and hair glands. [NIH] Acne Vulgaris: A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors. [NIH] Adrenal Cortex: The outer layer of the adrenal gland. It secretes mineralocorticoids, androgens, and glucocorticoids. [NIH] Adverse Effect: An unwanted side effect of treatment. [NIH] Affinity: 1. Inherent likeness or relationship. 2. A special attraction for a specific element, organ, or structure. 3. Chemical affinity; the force that binds atoms in molecules; the tendency of substances to combine by chemical reaction. 4. The strength of noncovalent chemical binding between two substances as measured by the dissociation constant of the complex. 5. In immunology, a thermodynamic expression of the strength of interaction between a single antigen-binding site and a single antigenic determinant (and thus of the stereochemical compatibility between them), most accurately applied to interactions among simple, uniform antigenic determinants such as haptens. Expressed as the association constant (K litres mole -1), which, owing to the heterogeneity of affinities in a population of antibody molecules of a given specificity, actually represents an average value (mean intrinsic association constant). 6. The reciprocal of the dissociation constant. [EU] Agonist: In anatomy, a prime mover. In pharmacology, a drug that has affinity for and

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stimulates physiologic activity at cell receptors normally stimulated by naturally occurring substances. [EU] Algorithms: A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task. [NIH] Alternative medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used instead of standard treatments. Alternative medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Ammonia: A colorless alkaline gas. It is formed in the body during decomposition of organic materials during a large number of metabolically important reactions. [NIH] Anaerobic: 1. Lacking molecular oxygen. 2. Growing, living, or occurring in the absence of molecular oxygen; pertaining to an anaerobe. [EU] Anal: Having to do with the anus, which is the posterior opening of the large bowel. [NIH] Analog: In chemistry, a substance that is similar, but not identical, to another. [NIH] Androgens: A class of sex hormones associated with the development and maintenance of the secondary male sex characteristics, sperm induction, and sexual differentiation. In addition to increasing virility and libido, they also increase nitrogen and water retention and stimulate skeletal growth. [NIH] Anogenital: Pertaining to the anus and external genitals. [EU] Anorectal: Pertaining to the anus and rectum or to the junction region between the two. [EU] Antibacterial: A substance that destroys bacteria or suppresses their growth or reproduction. [EU] Antibiotic: A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms. [NIH]

Antibody: A type of protein made by certain white blood cells in response to a foreign substance (antigen). Each antibody can bind to only a specific antigen. The purpose of this binding is to help destroy the antigen. Antibodies can work in several ways, depending on the nature of the antigen. Some antibodies destroy antigens directly. Others make it easier for white blood cells to destroy the antigen. [NIH] Antigen: Any substance which is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, that is, with specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes, or both. Antigens may be soluble substances, such as toxins and foreign proteins, or particulate, such as bacteria and tissue cells; however, only the portion of the protein or polysaccharide molecule known as the antigenic determinant (q.v.) combines with antibody or a specific receptor on a lymphocyte. Abbreviated Ag. [EU] Anus: The opening of the rectum to the outside of the body. [NIH] Apocrine Glands: Large, branched, specialized sweat glands that empty into the upper portion of a hair follicle instead of directly onto the skin. [NIH] Archaea: One of the three domains of life (the others being bacteria and Eucarya), formerly called Archaebacteria under the taxon Bacteria, but now considered separate and distinct. They are characterized by: 1) the presence of characteristic tRNAs and ribosomal RNAs; 2) the absence of peptidoglycan cell walls; 3) the presence of ether-linked lipids built from branched-chain subunits; and 4) their occurrence in unusual habitats. While archaea resemble bacteria in morphology and genomic organization, they resemble eukarya in their method of genomic replication. The domain contains at least three kingdoms: crenarchaeota,

Dictionary 63

euryarchaeota, and korarchaeota. [NIH] Arteries: The vessels carrying blood away from the heart. [NIH] Arthropathy: Any joint disease. [EU] Axilla: The underarm or armpit. [NIH] Axillary: Pertaining to the armpit area, including the lymph nodes that are located there. [NIH]

Bacteria: Unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. [NIH] Bactericidal: Substance lethal to bacteria; substance capable of killing bacteria. [NIH] Benign: Not cancerous; does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. [NIH]

Bilateral: Affecting both the right and left side of body. [NIH] Biotechnology: Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., genetic engineering) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include transfection and cloning technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction. [NIH] Bowel: The long tube-shaped organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion. There is both a small and a large bowel. Also called the intestine. [NIH] Bowel Movement: Body wastes passed through the rectum and anus. [NIH] Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. [NIH] Candidiasis: Infection with a fungus of the genus Candida. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist cutaneous areas of the body, and is generally caused by C. albicans; it most commonly involves the skin (dermatocandidiasis), oral mucous membranes (thrush, def. 1), respiratory tract (bronchocandidiasis), and vagina (vaginitis). Rarely there is a systemic infection or endocarditis. Called also moniliasis, candidosis, oidiomycosis, and formerly blastodendriosis. [EU] Candidosis: An infection caused by an opportunistic yeasts that tends to proliferate and become pathologic when the environment is favorable and the host resistance is weakened. [NIH]

Carbon Dioxide: A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. [NIH] Carcinoma: Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. [NIH]

Case report: A detailed report of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports also contain some demographic information about the patient (for example, age, gender, ethnic origin). [NIH] Cell: The individual unit that makes up all of the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. [NIH]

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Cell Division: The fission of a cell. [NIH] Cellulitis: An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions. [NIH] Cerebral: Of or pertaining of the cerebrum or the brain. [EU] Cerebral Cortex: The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon and folds into gyri. It reaches its highest development in man and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions. [NIH] Chemotherapy: Treatment with anticancer drugs. [NIH] Cholinergic: Resembling acetylcholine in pharmacological action; stimulated by or releasing acetylcholine or a related compound. [EU] Chronic: A disease or condition that persists or progresses over a long period of time. [NIH] Cicatricial: Ectropion due to scar tissue on the margins or the surrounding surfaces of the eyelids. [NIH] CIS: Cancer Information Service. The CIS is the National Cancer Institute's link to the public, interpreting and explaining research findings in a clear and understandable manner, and providing personalized responses to specific questions about cancer. Access the CIS by calling 1-800-4-CANCER, or by using the Web site at http://cis.nci.nih.gov. [NIH] Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of lincomycin. [NIH] Clinical Medicine: The study and practice of medicine by direct examination of the patient. [NIH]

Clinical trial: A research study that tests how well new medical treatments or other interventions work in people. Each study is designed to test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease. [NIH] Cloning: The production of a number of genetically identical individuals; in genetic engineering, a process for the efficient replication of a great number of identical DNA molecules. [NIH] Comorbidity: The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival. [NIH] Complement: A term originally used to refer to the heat-labile factor in serum that causes immune cytolysis, the lysis of antibody-coated cells, and now referring to the entire functionally related system comprising at least 20 distinct serum proteins that is the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions. Complement activation occurs by two different sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The proteins of the classic pathway are termed 'components of complement' and are designated by the symbols C1 through C9. C1 is a calcium-dependent complex of three distinct proteins C1q, C1r and C1s. The proteins of the alternative pathway (collectively referred to as the properdin system) and complement regulatory proteins are known by semisystematic or trivial names. Fragments resulting from proteolytic cleavage of complement proteins are designated with lower-case letter suffixes, e.g., C3a. Inactivated fragments may be designated with the suffix 'i', e.g. C3bi. Activated components or complexes with biological activity are designated by a bar over the symbol e.g. C1 or C4b,2a. The classic pathway is activated by the binding of C1 to classic pathway activators, primarily antigen-antibody complexes containing IgM, IgG1, IgG3; C1q binds to a single IgM molecule or two adjacent IgG molecules. The alternative

Dictionary 65

pathway can be activated by IgA immune complexes and also by nonimmunologic materials including bacterial endotoxins, microbial polysaccharides, and cell walls. Activation of the classic pathway triggers an enzymatic cascade involving C1, C4, C2 and C3; activation of the alternative pathway triggers a cascade involving C3 and factors B, D and P. Both result in the cleavage of C5 and the formation of the membrane attack complex. Complement activation also results in the formation of many biologically active complement fragments that act as anaphylatoxins, opsonins, or chemotactic factors. [EU] Complementary and alternative medicine: CAM. Forms of treatment that are used in addition to (complementary) or instead of (alternative) standard treatments. These practices are not considered standard medical approaches. CAM includes dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, herbal preparations, special teas, massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Complementary medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used to enhance or complement the standard treatments. Complementary medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Computational Biology: A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories applicable to molecular biology and areas of computer-based techniques for solving biological problems including manipulation of models and datasets. [NIH] Congenita: Displacement, subluxation, or malposition of the crystalline lens. [NIH] Connective Tissue: Tissue that supports and binds other tissues. It consists of connective tissue cells embedded in a large amount of extracellular matrix. [NIH] Connective Tissue: Tissue that supports and binds other tissues. It consists of connective tissue cells embedded in a large amount of extracellular matrix. [NIH] Constipation: Infrequent or difficult evacuation of feces. [NIH] Continence: The ability to hold in a bowel movement or urine. [NIH] Contraindications: Any factor or sign that it is unwise to pursue a certain kind of action or treatment, e. g. giving a general anesthetic to a person with pneumonia. [NIH] Cornea: The transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil and allows light to enter the inside. [NIH] Coronary: Encircling in the manner of a crown; a term applied to vessels; nerves, ligaments, etc. The term usually denotes the arteries that supply the heart muscle and, by extension, a pathologic involvement of them. [EU] Coronary Thrombosis: Presence of a thrombus in a coronary artery, often causing a myocardial infarction. [NIH] Cortex: The outer layer of an organ or other body structure, as distinguished from the internal substance. [EU] Cryotherapy: Any method that uses cold temperature to treat disease. [NIH] Cutaneous: Having to do with the skin. [NIH] Cyproterone: An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate, also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females. [NIH]

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Cyproterone Acetate: An agent with anti-androgen and progestational properties. It shows competitive binding with dihydrotestosterone at androgen receptor sites. [NIH] Depressive Disorder: An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. [NIH] Diagnostic procedure: A method used to identify a disease. [NIH] Digestion: The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body. [NIH] Digestive system: The organs that take in food and turn it into products that the body can use to stay healthy. Waste products the body cannot use leave the body through bowel movements. The digestive system includes the salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, small and large intestines, and rectum. [NIH] Digestive tract: The organs through which food passes when food is eaten. These organs are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and rectum. [NIH] Dihydrotestosterone: Anabolic agent. [NIH] Direct: 1. Straight; in a straight line. 2. Performed immediately and without the intervention of subsidiary means. [EU] Double-blind: Pertaining to a clinical trial or other experiment in which neither the subject nor the person administering treatment knows which treatment any particular subject is receiving. [EU] Drug Tolerance: Progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, resulting from its continued administration. It should be differentiated from drug resistance wherein an organism, disease, or tissue fails to respond to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should also be differentiated from maximum tolerated dose and no-observed-adverse-effect level. [NIH] Dystrophy: Any disorder arising from defective or faulty nutrition, especially the muscular dystrophies. [EU] Edema: Excessive amount of watery fluid accumulated in the intercellular spaces, most commonly present in subcutaneous tissue. [NIH] Embryo: The prenatal stage of mammalian development characterized by rapid morphological changes and the differentiation of basic structures. [NIH] Endocarditis: Exudative and proliferative inflammatory alterations of the endocardium, characterized by the presence of vegetations on the surface of the endocardium or in the endocardium itself, and most commonly involving a heart valve, but sometimes affecting the inner lining of the cardiac chambers or the endocardium elsewhere. It may occur as a primary disorder or as a complication of or in association with another disease. [EU] Environmental Health: The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health. [NIH]

Epidermoid carcinoma: A type of cancer in which the cells are flat and look like fish scales. Also called squamous cell carcinoma. [NIH] Epidural: The space between the wall of the spinal canal and the covering of the spinal cord. An epidural injection is given into this space. [NIH] Epithelial: Refers to the cells that line the internal and external surfaces of the body. [NIH] Epithelial Cells: Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body. [NIH] Epithelium: One or more layers of epithelial cells, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body. [NIH]

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Esophagus: The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach. [NIH]

Estrogen: One of the two female sex hormones. [NIH] Etretinate: An oral retinoid used in the treatment of keratotic genodermatosis, lichen planus, and psoriasis. Beneficial effects have also been claimed in the prophylaxis of epithelial neoplasia. The compound may be teratogenic. [NIH] Evacuation: An emptying, as of the bowels. [EU] Fallopian tube: The oviduct, a muscular tube about 10 cm long, lying in the upper border of the broad ligament. [NIH] Family Planning: Programs or services designed to assist the family in controlling reproduction by either improving or diminishing fertility. [NIH] Fecal Incontinence: Failure of voluntary control of the anal sphincters, with involuntary passage of feces and flatus. [NIH] Feces: The excrement discharged from the intestines, consisting of bacteria, cells exfoliated from the intestines, secretions, chiefly of the liver, and a small amount of food residue. [EU] Fibrosis: Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. [NIH] Fissure: Any cleft or groove, normal or otherwise; especially a deep fold in the cerebral cortex which involves the entire thickness of the brain wall. [EU] Fistula: Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body. [NIH] Flatus: Gas passed through the rectum. [NIH] Fold: A plication or doubling of various parts of the body. [NIH] Follicles: Shafts through which hair grows. [NIH] Fungi: A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live as saprobes or parasites, including mushrooms, yeasts, smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi refer to those that grow as multicelluar colonies (mushrooms and molds). [NIH] Fungus: A general term used to denote a group of eukaryotic protists, including mushrooms, yeasts, rusts, moulds, smuts, etc., which are characterized by the absence of chlorophyll and by the presence of a rigid cell wall composed of chitin, mannans, and sometimes cellulose. They are usually of simple morphological form or show some reversible cellular specialization, such as the formation of pseudoparenchymatous tissue in the fruiting body of a mushroom. The dimorphic fungi grow, according to environmental conditions, as moulds or yeasts. [EU] Gallbladder: The pear-shaped organ that sits below the liver. Bile is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder. [NIH] Gas: Air that comes from normal breakdown of food. The gases are passed out of the body through the rectum (flatus) or the mouth (burp). [NIH] Gastrin: A hormone released after eating. Gastrin causes the stomach to produce more acid. [NIH]

Gastroenterology: A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the study of the physiology and diseases of the digestive system and related structures (esophagus, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas). [NIH] Gene: The functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring. Genes are pieces of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein.

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[NIH]

Genetics: The biological science that deals with the phenomena and mechanisms of heredity. [NIH] Genital: Pertaining to the genitalia. [EU] Gland: An organ that produces and releases one or more substances for use in the body. Some glands produce fluids that affect tissues or organs. Others produce hormones or participate in blood production. [NIH] Gonadotropin: The water-soluble follicle stimulating substance, by some believed to originate in chorionic tissue, obtained from the serum of pregnant mares. It is used to supplement the action of estrogens. [NIH] Governing Board: The group in which legal authority is vested for the control of healthrelated institutions and organizations. [NIH] Graft: Healthy skin, bone, or other tissue taken from one part of the body and used to replace diseased or injured tissue removed from another part of the body. [NIH] Granuloma: A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents. [NIH] Groin: The external junctural region between the lower part of the abdomen and the thigh. [NIH]

Hair follicles: Shafts or openings on the surface of the skin through which hair grows. [NIH] Half-Life: The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity. [NIH] Hemorrhoids: Varicosities of the hemorrhoidal venous plexuses. [NIH] Heredity: 1. The genetic transmission of a particular quality or trait from parent to offspring. 2. The genetic constitution of an individual. [EU] Hidradenitis: The inflammation of a sweat gland (usually of the apocrine type). The condition can be idiopathic or occur as a result of or in association with another underlying condition. Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis is a relatively rare variant that has been reported in patients undergoing chemotherapy, usually for non-Hodgkin lymphomas or leukemic conditions. [NIH] Hirsutism: Excess hair in females and children with an adult male pattern of distribution. The concept does not include hypertrichosis, which is localized or generalized excess hair. [NIH]

Hormone: A substance in the body that regulates certain organs. Hormones such as gastrin help in breaking down food. Some hormones come from cells in the stomach and small intestine. [NIH] Hypercalcemia: Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. [NIH] Hyperhidrosis: Excessive sweating. In the localized type, the most frequent sites are the palms, soles, axillae, inguinal folds, and the perineal area. Its chief cause is thought to be emotional. Generalized hyperhidrosis may be induced by a hot, humid environment, by fever, or by vigorous exercise. [NIH] Hypothalamic: Of or involving the hypothalamus. [EU] Hypothalamus: Ventral part of the diencephalon extending from the region of the optic chiasm to the caudal border of the mammillary bodies and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the third ventricle. [NIH] Hysterectomy: Excision of the uterus. [NIH]

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Idiopathic: Describes a disease of unknown cause. [NIH] Immune response: The activity of the immune system against foreign substances (antigens). [NIH]

Immune system: The organs, cells, and molecules responsible for the recognition and disposal of foreign ("non-self") material which enters the body. [NIH] Immunologic: The ability of the antibody-forming system to recall a previous experience with an antigen and to respond to a second exposure with the prompt production of large amounts of antibody. [NIH] Immunosuppressive: Describes the ability to lower immune system responses. [NIH] Implantation: The insertion or grafting into the body of biological, living, inert, or radioactive material. [EU] In situ: In the natural or normal place; confined to the site of origin without invasion of neighbouring tissues. [EU] In vitro: In the laboratory (outside the body). The opposite of in vivo (in the body). [NIH] In vivo: In the body. The opposite of in vitro (outside the body or in the laboratory). [NIH] Induction: The act or process of inducing or causing to occur, especially the production of a specific morphogenetic effect in the developing embryo through the influence of evocators or organizers, or the production of anaesthesia or unconsciousness by use of appropriate agents. [EU] Infarction: A pathological process consisting of a sudden insufficient blood supply to an area, which results in necrosis of that area. It is usually caused by a thrombus, an embolus, or a vascular torsion. [NIH] Infection: 1. Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, which may be clinically unapparent or result in local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. The infection may remain localized, subclinical, and temporary if the body's defensive mechanisms are effective. A local infection may persist and spread by extension to become an acute, subacute, or chronic clinical infection or disease state. A local infection may also become systemic when the microorganisms gain access to the lymphatic or vascular system. 2. An infectious disease. [EU]

Inflammation: A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. [NIH] Infusion: A method of putting fluids, including drugs, into the bloodstream. Also called intravenous infusion. [NIH] Inguinal: Pertaining to the inguen, or groin. [EU] Intestine: A long, tube-shaped organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion. There is both a large intestine and a small intestine. Also called the bowel. [NIH] Intracellular: Inside a cell. [NIH] Intravenous: IV. Into a vein. [NIH] Intussusception: A rare disorder. A part of the intestines folds into another part of the intestines, causing blockage. Most common in infants. Can be treated with an operation. [NIH]

Involuntary: Reaction occurring without intention or volition. [NIH] Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of acne vulgaris and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects. [NIH]

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Kb: A measure of the length of DNA fragments, 1 Kb = 1000 base pairs. The largest DNA fragments are up to 50 kilobases long. [NIH] Keratitis: Inflammation of the cornea. [NIH] Lactation: The period of the secretion of milk. [EU] Large Intestine: The part of the intestine that goes from the cecum to the rectum. The large intestine absorbs water from stool and changes it from a liquid to a solid form. The large intestine is 5 feet long and includes the appendix, cecum, colon, and rectum. Also called colon. [NIH] Laser Surgery: The use of a laser either to vaporize surface lesions or to make bloodless cuts in tissue. It does not include the coagulation of tissue by laser. [NIH] Lens: The transparent, double convex (outward curve on both sides) structure suspended between the aqueous and vitreous; helps to focus light on the retina. [NIH] Lesion: An area of abnormal tissue change. [NIH] Lethal: Deadly, fatal. [EU] Libido: The psychic drive or energy associated with sexual instinct in the broad sense (pleasure and love-object seeking). It may also connote the psychic energy associated with instincts in general that motivate behavior. [NIH] Lichen Planus: An inflammatory, pruritic disease of the skin and mucous membranes, which can be either generalized or localized. It is characterized by distinctive purplish, flattopped papules having a predilection for the trunk and flexor surfaces. The lesions may be discrete or coalesce to form plaques. Histologically, there is a "saw-tooth" pattern of epidermal hyperplasia and vacuolar alteration of the basal layer of the epidermis along with an intense upper dermal inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of T-cells. Etiology is unknown. [NIH] Lincomycin: (2S-trans)-Methyl 6,8-dideoxy-6-(((1-methyl-4-propyl-2pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl)amino)-1-thio-D-erythro-alpha-D-galacto-octopyranoside. An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections. [NIH] Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight 6.94. Salts of lithium are used in treating manic-depressive disorders. [NIH]

Liver: A large, glandular organ located in the upper abdomen. The liver cleanses the blood and aids in digestion by secreting bile. [NIH] Localized: Cancer which has not metastasized yet. [NIH] Lymph: The almost colorless fluid that travels through the lymphatic system and carries cells that help fight infection and disease. [NIH] Lymph node: A rounded mass of lymphatic tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue. Also known as a lymph gland. Lymph nodes are spread out along lymphatic vessels and contain many lymphocytes, which filter the lymphatic fluid (lymph). [NIH]

Lymphatic: The tissues and organs, including the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes, that produce and store cells that fight infection and disease. [NIH] Lymphocyte: A white blood cell. Lymphocytes have a number of roles in the immune system, including the production of antibodies and other substances that fight infection and diseases. [NIH] Malignancy: A cancerous tumor that can invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to

Dictionary 71

other parts of the body. [NIH] Mammary: Pertaining to the mamma, or breast. [EU] Manic: Affected with mania. [EU] Manifest: Being the part or aspect of a phenomenon that is directly observable : concretely expressed in behaviour. [EU] MEDLINE: An online database of MEDLARS, the computerized bibliographic Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System of the National Library of Medicine. [NIH] Melanosis: Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease. [NIH] Membrane: A very thin layer of tissue that covers a surface. [NIH] Menopause: Permanent cessation of menstruation. [NIH] Metabolite: Any substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process. [EU] MI: Myocardial infarction. Gross necrosis of the myocardium as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area; it is almost always caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, upon which coronary thrombosis is usually superimposed. [NIH] Microbiology: The study of microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, algae, archaea, and viruses. [NIH] Minocycline: A semisynthetic staphylococcus infections. [NIH]

antibiotic

effective

against

tetracycline-resistant

Molecular: Of, pertaining to, or composed of molecules : a very small mass of matter. [EU] Molecule: A chemical made up of two or more atoms. The atoms in a molecule can be the same (an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom). Biological molecules, such as proteins and DNA, can be made up of many thousands of atoms. [NIH] Mononuclear: A cell with one nucleus. [NIH] Muscular Dystrophies: A general term for a group of inherited disorders which are characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal muscles. [NIH] Myocardium: The muscle tissue of the heart composed of striated, involuntary muscle known as cardiac muscle. [NIH] NCI: National Cancer Institute. NCI, part of the National Institutes of Health of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, is the federal government's principal agency for cancer research. NCI conducts, coordinates, and funds cancer research, training, health information dissemination, and other programs with respect to the cause, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of cancer. Access the NCI Web site at http://cancer.gov. [NIH] Necrosis: A pathological process caused by the progressive degradative action of enzymes that is generally associated with severe cellular trauma. It is characterized by mitochondrial swelling, nuclear flocculation, uncontrolled cell lysis, and ultimately cell death. [NIH] Neoplasia: Abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth. [NIH] Nephrosis: Descriptive histopathologic term for renal disease without an inflammatory component. [NIH] Nephrotic: Pertaining to, resembling, or caused by nephrosis. [EU] Nephrotic Syndrome: Clinical association of heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema. [NIH] Nitrogen: An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight 14.

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Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells. [NIH] Oestrogen: A generic term for oestrus-producing steroid compounds; the female sex hormones. In humans, oestrogen is formed in the ovary, possibly the adrenal cortex, the testis, and the foetoplacental unit; it has various functions in both sexes. It is responsible for the development of the female secondary sex characteristics, and during the menstrual cycle it acts on the female genitalia to produce an environment suitable for the fertilization, implantation, and nutrition of the early embryo. Oestrogen is used in oral contraceptives and as a palliative in cancer of the breast after menopause and cancer of the prostate; other uses include the relief of the discomforts of menopause, inhibition of lactation, and treatment of osteoporosis, threatened abortion, and various functional ovarian disorders. [EU]

Oophorectomy: Surgery to remove one or both ovaries. [NIH] Osteomyelitis: Inflammation of bone caused by a pyogenic organism. It may remain localized or may spread through the bone to involve the marrow, cortex, cancellous tissue, and periosteum. [EU] Osteoporosis: Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis and age-related (or senile) osteoporosis. [NIH] Ovaries: The pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus. [NIH] Ovary: Either of the paired glands in the female that produce the female germ cells and secrete some of the female sex hormones. [NIH] Palliative: 1. Affording relief, but not cure. 2. An alleviating medicine. [EU] Pancreas: A mixed exocrine and endocrine gland situated transversely across the posterior abdominal wall in the epigastric and hypochondriac regions. The endocrine portion is comprised of the Islets of Langerhans, while the exocrine portion is a compound acinar gland that secretes digestive enzymes. [NIH] Parathyroid: 1. Situated beside the thyroid gland. 2. One of the parathyroid glands. 3. A sterile preparation of the water-soluble principle(s) of the parathyroid glands, ad-ministered parenterally as an antihypocalcaemic, especially in the treatment of acute hypoparathyroidism with tetany. [EU] Parathyroid Glands: Two small paired endocrine glands in the region of the thyroid gland. They secrete parathyroid hormone and are concerned with the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. [NIH] Parathyroid hormone: A substance made by the parathyroid gland that helps the body store and use calcium. Also called parathormone, parathyrin, or PTH. [NIH] Pathogenesis: The cellular events and reactions that occur in the development of disease. [NIH]

Pathologic: 1. Indicative of or caused by a morbid condition. 2. Pertaining to pathology (= branch of medicine that treats the essential nature of the disease, especially the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs of the body caused by the disease). [EU] Patient Satisfaction: The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial. [NIH] Perianal: Located around the anus. [EU] Perineal: Pertaining to the perineum. [EU]

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Perineum: The area between the anus and the sex organs. [NIH] Pharmacologic: Pertaining to pharmacology or to the properties and reactions of drugs. [EU] Physiologic: Having to do with the functions of the body. When used in the phrase "physiologic age," it refers to an age assigned by general health, as opposed to calendar age. [NIH]

Physiology: The science that deals with the life processes and functions of organismus, their cells, tissues, and organs. [NIH] Pilot study: The initial study examining a new method or treatment. [NIH] Plants: Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of the kingdom Plantae. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (meristems); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absense of nervous and sensory systems; and an alteration of haploid and diploid generations. [NIH] Pneumonia: Inflammation of the lungs. [NIH] Polysaccharide: A type of carbohydrate. It contains sugar molecules that are linked together chemically. [NIH] Posterior: Situated in back of, or in the back part of, or affecting the back or dorsal surface of the body. In lower animals, it refers to the caudal end of the body. [EU] Postmenopausal: Refers to the time after menopause. Menopause is the time in a woman's life when menstrual periods stop permanently; also called "change of life." [NIH] Practice Guidelines: Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for the health care practitioner to assist him in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery. [NIH] Precursor: Something that precedes. In biological processes, a substance from which another, usually more active or mature substance is formed. In clinical medicine, a sign or symptom that heralds another. [EU] Prevalence: The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from incidence, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time. [NIH] Prophylaxis: An attempt to prevent disease. [NIH] Prostate: A gland in males that surrounds the neck of the bladder and the urethra. It secretes a substance that liquifies coagulated semen. It is situated in the pelvic cavity behind the lower part of the pubic symphysis, above the deep layer of the triangular ligament, and rests upon the rectum. [NIH] Protein S: The vitamin K-dependent cofactor of activated protein C. Together with protein C, it inhibits the action of factors VIIIa and Va. A deficiency in protein S can lead to recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis. [NIH] Proteins: Polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The specific sequence of amino acids determines the shape and function of the protein. [NIH] Proteinuria: The presence of protein in the urine, indicating that the kidneys are not working properly. [NIH] Pruritic: Pertaining to or characterized by pruritus. [EU] Psoriasis: A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease

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characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. [NIH] Public Policy: A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and determine present and future decisions. [NIH] Pyogenic: Producing pus; pyopoietic (= liquid inflammation product made up of cells and a thin fluid called liquor puris). [EU] Radiation: Emission or propagation of electromagnetic energy (waves/rays), or the waves/rays themselves; a stream of electromagnetic particles (electrons, neutrons, protons, alpha particles) or a mixture of these. The most common source is the sun. [NIH] Receptor: A molecule inside or on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific physiologic effect in the cell. [NIH] Rectal: By or having to do with the rectum. The rectum is the last 8 to 10 inches of the large intestine and ends at the anus. [NIH] Rectal Prolapse: Protrusion of the rectal mucous membrane through the anus. There are various degrees: incomplete with no displacement of the anal sphincter muscle; complete with displacement of the anal sphincter muscle; complete with no displacement of the anal sphincter muscle but with herniation of the bowel; and internal complete with rectosigmoid or upper rectum intussusception into the lower rectum. [NIH] Rectovaginal Fistula: Abnormal communication between the rectum and the vagina. [NIH] Rectum: The last 8 to 10 inches of the large intestine. [NIH] Recurrence: The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission. [NIH] Refer: To send or direct for treatment, aid, information, de decision. [NIH] Refraction: A test to determine the best eyeglasses or contact lenses to correct a refractive error (myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism). [NIH] Regimen: A treatment plan that specifies the dosage, the schedule, and the duration of treatment. [NIH] Remission: A decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer. In partial remission, some, but not all, signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared. In complete remission, all signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared, although there still may be cancer in the body. [NIH] Respiration: The act of breathing with the lungs, consisting of inspiration, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of expiration, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more carbon dioxide than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= oxygen consumption) or cell respiration (= cell respiration). [NIH] Retinoid: Vitamin A or a vitamin A-like compound. [NIH] Retrospective: Looking back at events that have already taken place. [NIH] Salpingo-oophorectomy: Surgical removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. [NIH] Scabies: A contagious cutaneous inflammation caused by the bite of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by pruritic papular eruptions and burrows and affects primarily the axillae, elbows, wrists, and genitalia, although it can spread to cover the entire body. [NIH]

Screening: Checking for disease when there are no symptoms. [NIH]

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Scrotum: In males, the external sac that contains the testicles. [NIH] Sebaceous: Gland that secretes sebum. [NIH] Semisynthetic: Produced by chemical manipulation of naturally occurring substances. [EU] Serum: The clear liquid part of the blood that remains after blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed. [NIH] Sex Characteristics: Those characteristics that distinguish one sex from the other. The primary sex characteristics are the ovaries and testes and their related hormones. Secondary sex characteristics are those which are masculine or feminine but not directly related to reproduction. [NIH] Side effect: A consequence other than the one(s) for which an agent or measure is used, as the adverse effects produced by a drug, especially on a tissue or organ system other than the one sought to be benefited by its administration. [EU] Skeletal: Having to do with the skeleton (boney part of the body). [NIH] Skin graft: Skin that is moved from one part of the body to another. [NIH] Small intestine: The part of the digestive tract that is located between the stomach and the large intestine. [NIH] Sodium: An element that is a member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23. With a valence of 1, it has a strong affinity for oxygen and other nonmetallic elements. Sodium provides the chief cation of the extracellular body fluids. Its salts are the most widely used in medicine. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Physiologically the sodium ion plays a major role in blood pressure regulation, maintenance of fluid volume, and electrolyte balance. [NIH] Specialist: In medicine, one who concentrates on 1 special branch of medical science. [NIH] Spectrum: A charted band of wavelengths of electromagnetic vibrations obtained by refraction and diffraction. By extension, a measurable range of activity, such as the range of bacteria affected by an antibiotic (antibacterial s.) or the complete range of manifestations of a disease. [EU] Sperm: The fecundating fluid of the male. [NIH] Sphincter: A ringlike band of muscle fibres that constricts a passage or closes a natural orifice; called also musculus sphincter. [EU] Spinal cord: The main trunk or bundle of nerves running down the spine through holes in the spinal bone (the vertebrae) from the brain to the level of the lower back. [NIH] Spondylitis: Inflammation of the vertebrae. [EU] Squamous: Scaly, or platelike. [EU] Squamous cell carcinoma: Cancer that begins in squamous cells, which are thin, flat cells resembling fish scales. Squamous cells are found in the tissue that forms the surface of the skin, the lining of the hollow organs of the body, and the passages of the respiratory and digestive tracts. Also called epidermoid carcinoma. [NIH] Squamous cell carcinoma: Cancer that begins in squamous cells, which are thin, flat cells resembling fish scales. Squamous cells are found in the tissue that forms the surface of the skin, the lining of the hollow organs of the body, and the passages of the respiratory and digestive tracts. Also called epidermoid carcinoma. [NIH] Squamous cells: Flat cells that look like fish scales under a microscope. These cells cover internal and external surfaces of the body. [NIH] Staphylococcus: A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria. Its

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organisms occur singly, in pairs, and in tetrads and characteristically divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Natural populations of Staphylococcus are membranes of warm-blooded animals. Some species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals. [NIH] Sterile: Unable to produce children. [NIH] Steroid: A group name for lipids that contain a hydrogenated cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring system. Some of the substances included in this group are progesterone, adrenocortical hormones, the gonadal hormones, cardiac aglycones, bile acids, sterols (such as cholesterol), toad poisons, saponins, and some of the carcinogenic hydrocarbons. [EU] Stomach: An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the esophagus and the beginning of the duodenum. [NIH] Subacute: Somewhat acute; between acute and chronic. [EU] Subclinical: Without clinical manifestations; said of the early stage(s) of an infection or other disease or abnormality before symptoms and signs become apparent or detectable by clinical examination or laboratory tests, or of a very mild form of an infection or other disease or abnormality. [EU] Subcutaneous: Beneath the skin. [NIH] Suppression: A conscious exclusion of disapproved desire contrary with repression, in which the process of exclusion is not conscious. [NIH] Suppuration: A pathologic process consisting in the formation of pus. [NIH] Suppurative: Consisting of, containing, associated with, or identified by the formation of pus. [NIH] Sweat: The fluid excreted by the sweat glands. It consists of water containing sodium chloride, phosphate, urea, ammonia, and other waste products. [NIH] Sweat Glands: Sweat-producing structures that are embedded in the dermis. Each gland consists of a single tube, a coiled body, and a superficial duct. [NIH] Symptomatology: 1. That branch of medicine with treats of symptoms; the systematic discussion of symptoms. 2. The combined symptoms of a disease. [EU] Systemic: Affecting the entire body. [NIH] Teratogenic: Tending to produce anomalies of formation, or teratism (= anomaly of formation or development : condition of a monster). [EU] Testicles: The two egg-shaped glands found inside the scrotum. They produce sperm and male hormones. Also called testes. [NIH] Testis: Either of the paired male reproductive glands that produce the male germ cells and the male hormones. [NIH] Tetany: 1. Hyperexcitability of nerves and muscles due to decrease in concentration of extracellular ionized calcium, which may be associated with such conditions as parathyroid hypofunction, vitamin D deficiency, and alkalosis or result from ingestion of alkaline salts; it is characterized by carpopedal spasm, muscular twitching and cramps, laryngospasm with inspiratory stridor, hyperreflexia and choreiform movements. 2. Tetanus. [EU] Tetracycline: An antibiotic originally produced by Streptomyces viridifaciens, but used mostly in synthetic form. It is an inhibitor of aminoacyl-tRNA binding during protein synthesis. [NIH] Thigh: A leg; in anatomy, any elongated process or part of a structure more or less comparable to a leg. [NIH]

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Thrush: A disease due to infection with species of fungi of the genus Candida. [NIH] Thyroid: A gland located near the windpipe (trachea) that produces thyroid hormone, which helps regulate growth and metabolism. [NIH] Thyroid Gland: A highly vascular endocrine gland consisting of two lobes, one on either side of the trachea, joined by a narrow isthmus; it produces the thyroid hormones which are concerned in regulating the metabolic rate of the body. [NIH] Tissue: A group or layer of cells that are alike in type and work together to perform a specific function. [NIH] Tolerance: 1. The ability to endure unusually large doses of a drug or toxin. 2. Acquired drug tolerance; a decreasing response to repeated constant doses of a drug or the need for increasing doses to maintain a constant response. [EU] Topical: On the surface of the body. [NIH] Toxic: Having to do with poison or something harmful to the body. Toxic substances usually cause unwanted side effects. [NIH] Toxicology: The science concerned with the detection, chemical composition, and pharmacologic action of toxic substances or poisons and the treatment and prevention of toxic manifestations. [NIH] Toxin: A poison; frequently used to refer specifically to a protein produced by some higher plants, certain animals, and pathogenic bacteria, which is highly toxic for other living organisms. Such substances are differentiated from the simple chemical poisons and the vegetable alkaloids by their high molecular weight and antigenicity. [EU] Transfection: The uptake of naked or purified DNA into cells, usually eukaryotic. It is analogous to bacterial transformation. [NIH] Triad: Trivalent. [NIH] Ulcer: A localized necrotic lesion of the skin or a mucous surface. [NIH] Urea: A compound (CO(NH2)2), formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids. [NIH] Urine: Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra. [NIH] Uterus: The small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis. This is the organ in which a fetus develops. Also called the womb. [NIH] Vagina: The muscular canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body. Also called the birth canal. [NIH] Vaginal: Of or having to do with the vagina, the birth canal. [NIH] Vaginitis: Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and a purulent discharge. [NIH] Vascular: Pertaining to blood vessels or indicative of a copious blood supply. [EU] Venous: Of or pertaining to the veins. [EU] Vertebrae: A bony unit of the segmented spinal column. [NIH] Veterinary Medicine: The medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals. [NIH] Viruses: Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells. [NIH]

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Vitro: Descriptive of an event or enzyme reaction under experimental investigation occurring outside a living organism. Parts of an organism or microorganism are used together with artificial substrates and/or conditions. [NIH] Vivo: Outside of or removed from the body of a living organism. [NIH] Vulgaris: An affection of the skin, especially of the face, the back and the chest, due to chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands and the hair follicles. [NIH] Vulva: The external female genital organs, including the clitoris, vaginal lips, and the opening to the vagina. [NIH] Wound Healing: Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. [NIH] X-ray: High-energy radiation used in low doses to diagnose diseases and in high doses to treat cancer. [NIH]

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INDEX A Abdominal, 4, 61, 72 Abortion, 61, 72 Abscess, 3, 22, 61 Acanthosis Nigricans, 13, 61 Acetylcholine, 61, 64 Acitretin, 24, 29, 61 Acne, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 15, 20, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 32, 35, 36, 50, 61, 65, 69 Acne Vulgaris, 61, 69 Adrenal Cortex, 61, 72 Adverse Effect, 61, 69, 75 Affinity, 61, 75 Agonist, 4, 18, 61 Algorithms, 62, 63 Alternative medicine, 62 Ammonia, 62, 76, 77 Anaerobic, 6, 62, 75 Anal, 3, 7, 8, 39, 62, 67, 74 Analog, 62, 64 Androgens, 23, 61, 62 Anogenital, 14, 62 Anorectal, 3, 7, 39, 62 Antibacterial, 62, 64, 75 Antibiotic, 62, 70, 71, 75, 76 Antibody, 61, 62, 64, 69 Antigen, 24, 61, 62, 64, 69 Anus, 62, 63, 72, 73, 74 Apocrine Glands, 7, 18, 62 Archaea, 62, 71 Arteries, 63, 65, 71 Arthropathy, 7, 32, 63 Axilla, 31, 63 Axillary, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 19, 21, 25, 27, 30, 32, 63 B Bacteria, 8, 62, 63, 67, 71, 75, 77 Bactericidal, 18, 63 Benign, 3, 63 Bilateral, 4, 6, 63 Biotechnology, 4, 45, 63 Bowel, 12, 40, 62, 63, 65, 66, 69, 74 Bowel Movement, 63, 65, 66 C Calcium, 63, 64, 68, 72, 76 Candidiasis, 50, 63 Candidosis, 63 Carbon Dioxide, 8, 27, 34, 63, 74

Carcinoma, 35, 63, 65 Case report, 6, 12, 14, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 34, 35, 63 Cell, 62, 63, 64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74 Cell Division, 63, 64, 73 Cellulitis, 11, 23, 50, 64 Cerebral, 64, 67 Cerebral Cortex, 64, 67 Chemotherapy, 64, 68 Cholinergic, 18, 64 Chronic, 3, 8, 24, 25, 30, 31, 32, 35, 37, 40, 61, 64, 69, 73, 76, 78 Cicatricial, 64 CIS, 19, 64 Clindamycin, 34, 64 Clinical Medicine, 64, 73 Clinical trial, 4, 45, 64, 66 Cloning, 63, 64 Comorbidity, 32, 64 Complement, 64, 65 Complementary and alternative medicine, 37, 38, 65 Complementary medicine, 37, 65 Computational Biology, 45, 65 Congenita, 24, 65 Connective Tissue, 64, 65, 67, 70 Constipation, 3, 65 Continence, 26, 39, 65 Contraindications, ii, 65 Cornea, 65, 70 Coronary, 65, 71 Coronary Thrombosis, 65, 71 Cortex, 65, 72 Cryotherapy, 35, 65 Cutaneous, 7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 24, 26, 27, 63, 65, 74 Cyproterone, 5, 8, 65, 66 Cyproterone Acetate, 5, 8, 66 D Depressive Disorder, 66, 70 Diagnostic procedure, 66 Digestion, 63, 66, 69, 70, 76 Digestive system, 66, 67 Digestive tract, 66, 75 Dihydrotestosterone, 66 Direct, iii, 64, 66, 74 Double-blind, 5, 66 Drug Tolerance, 66, 77

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Dystrophy, 26, 66 E Edema, 66, 71 Embryo, 61, 66, 69, 72 Endocarditis, 63, 66 Environmental Health, 44, 46, 66 Epidermoid carcinoma, 66, 75 Epidural, 22, 66 Epithelial, 9, 11, 66, 67 Epithelial Cells, 66 Epithelium, 18, 66 Esophagus, 66, 67, 76 Estrogen, 65, 67 Etretinate, 29, 61, 67 Evacuation, 65, 67 F Fallopian tube, 67, 74 Family Planning, 45, 67 Fecal Incontinence, 3, 67 Feces, 65, 67 Fibrosis, 50, 67 Fissure, 40, 67 Fistula, 3, 22, 35, 67 Flatus, 67 Fold, 67 Follicles, 67 Fungi, 67, 71, 77 Fungus, 63, 67 G Gallbladder, 61, 66, 67 Gas, 62, 63, 67, 72 Gastrin, 67, 68 Gastroenterology, 3, 8, 12, 13, 39, 67 Gene, 11, 63, 67 Genetics, 5, 11, 32, 68 Genital, 68, 78 Gland, 40, 50, 61, 68, 70, 72, 73, 75, 76, 77 Gonadotropin, 4, 68 Governing Board, 68, 73 Graft, 68 Granuloma, 26, 68 Groin, 14, 68, 69 H Hair follicles, 35, 68, 78 Half-Life, 61, 68 Hemorrhoids, 3, 39, 68 Heredity, 61, 67, 68 Hirsutism, 65, 68 Hormone, 4, 67, 68, 77 Hypercalcemia, 10, 20, 68 Hyperhidrosis, 31, 68 Hypothalamic, 34, 68

Hypothalamus, 68 Hysterectomy, 4, 68 I Idiopathic, 68, 69 Immune response, 62, 69 Immune system, 69, 70 Immunologic, 17, 69 Immunosuppressive, 40, 69 Implantation, 69, 72 In situ, 21, 69 In vitro, 18, 69 In vivo, 18, 69 Induction, 62, 69 Infarction, 65, 69, 71 Infection, 21, 29, 63, 64, 69, 70, 76, 77 Inflammation, 61, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78 Infusion, 27, 69 Inguinal, 68, 69 Intestine, 63, 69, 70 Intracellular, 69 Intravenous, 69 Intussusception, 69, 74 Involuntary, 67, 69, 71 Isotretinoin, 7, 10, 11, 14, 22, 69 K Kb, 44, 70 Keratitis, 21, 70 L Lactation, 70, 72 Large Intestine, 66, 69, 70, 74, 75 Laser Surgery, 8, 27, 70 Lens, 65, 70 Lesion, 19, 68, 70, 77 Lethal, 63, 70 Libido, 62, 70 Lichen Planus, 67, 70 Lincomycin, 64, 70 Lithium, 21, 70 Liver, 61, 66, 67, 70, 77 Localized, 9, 61, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 77 Lymph, 63, 70 Lymph node, 63, 70 Lymphatic, 69, 70 Lymphocyte, 62, 70 M Malignancy, 61, 70 Mammary, 30, 71 Manic, 70, 71 Manifest, 40, 71 MEDLINE, 45, 71 Melanosis, 61, 71

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Membrane, 65, 71, 74 Menopause, 71, 72, 73 Metabolite, 61, 71 MI, 17, 59, 71 Microbiology, 6, 71 Minocycline, 26, 71 Molecular, 45, 47, 62, 63, 65, 71, 77 Molecule, 62, 64, 71, 74 Mononuclear, 68, 71 Muscular Dystrophies, 66, 71 Myocardium, 71 N NCI, 1, 43, 64, 71 Necrosis, 69, 71 Neoplasia, 67, 71 Nephrosis, 71 Nephrotic, 9, 71 Nephrotic Syndrome, 9, 71 Nitrogen, 62, 71 O Oestrogen, 8, 72 Oophorectomy, 72 Osteomyelitis, 26, 72 Osteoporosis, 72 Ovaries, 72, 74, 75 Ovary, 72 P Palliative, 65, 72 Pancreas, 61, 66, 67, 72 Parathyroid, 10, 72, 76 Parathyroid Glands, 72 Parathyroid hormone, 10, 72 Pathogenesis, 18, 24, 33, 40, 72 Pathologic, 63, 65, 72, 74, 76 Patient Satisfaction, 18, 19, 72 Perianal, 3, 8, 12, 15, 25, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 72 Perineal, 14, 25, 29, 31, 32, 68, 72 Perineum, 14, 15, 24, 29, 37, 39, 72, 73 Pharmacologic, 68, 73, 77 Physiologic, 62, 68, 73, 74 Physiology, 3, 67, 73 Pilot study, 23, 73 Plants, 63, 73, 77 Pneumonia, 65, 73 Polysaccharide, 62, 73 Posterior, 62, 72, 73 Postmenopausal, 10, 72, 73 Practice Guidelines, 46, 73 Precursor, 33, 73 Prevalence, 33, 73 Prophylaxis, 67, 73

Prostate, 72, 73 Protein S, 63, 73, 76 Proteins, 62, 64, 71, 72, 73, 75 Proteinuria, 71, 73 Pruritic, 70, 73, 74 Psoriasis, 61, 67, 73 Public Policy, 45, 74 Pyogenic, 72, 74 R Radiation, 74, 78 Receptor, 62, 66, 74 Rectal, 3, 40, 74 Rectal Prolapse, 3, 40, 74 Rectovaginal Fistula, 3, 74 Rectum, 8, 12, 15, 25, 31, 33, 39, 62, 63, 66, 67, 70, 73, 74 Recurrence, 11, 26, 74 Refer, 1, 40, 64, 67, 74, 77 Refraction, 74, 75 Regimen, 26, 74 Remission, 74 Respiration, 63, 74 Retinoid, 61, 67, 74 Retrospective, 27, 74 S Salpingo-oophorectomy, 4, 74 Scabies, 50, 74 Screening, 64, 74 Scrotum, 14, 15, 24, 75, 76 Sebaceous, 75, 78 Semisynthetic, 64, 71, 75 Serum, 64, 68, 75 Sex Characteristics, 62, 72, 75 Side effect, 21, 61, 75, 77 Skeletal, 7, 62, 71, 75 Skin graft, 5, 14, 21, 27, 30, 75 Small intestine, 68, 69, 75 Sodium, 75, 76 Specialist, 51, 75 Spectrum, 32, 75 Sperm, 62, 75, 76 Sphincter, 74, 75 Spinal cord, 66, 75 Spondylitis, 19, 75 Squamous, 5, 10, 13, 15, 20, 27, 28, 35, 66, 75 Squamous cell carcinoma, 5, 10, 13, 15, 20, 27, 28, 35, 66, 75 Squamous cells, 75 Staphylococcus, 71, 75 Sterile, 72, 76 Steroid, 72, 76

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Stomach, 61, 66, 67, 68, 75, 76 Subacute, 69, 76 Subclinical, 69, 76 Subcutaneous, 29, 64, 66, 76 Suppression, 34, 76 Suppuration, 40, 76 Suppurative, 64, 76 Sweat, 40, 62, 68, 76 Sweat Glands, 62, 76 Symptomatology, 33, 76 Systemic, 34, 40, 63, 69, 76 T Teratogenic, 67, 69, 76 Testicles, 75, 76 Testis, 72, 76 Tetany, 72, 76 Tetracycline, 34, 71, 76 Thigh, 68, 76 Thrush, 63, 77 Thyroid, 50, 72, 77 Thyroid Gland, 72, 77 Tissue, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 77, 78 Tolerance, 17, 77 Topical, 34, 69, 77 Toxic, iv, 77

Toxicology, 46, 77 Toxin, 77 Transfection, 63, 77 Triad, 11, 77 U Ulcer, 22, 64, 77 Urea, 76, 77 Urine, 65, 73, 77 Uterus, 61, 68, 72, 77 V Vagina, 63, 74, 77, 78 Vaginal, 77, 78 Vaginitis, 63, 77 Vascular, 69, 77 Venous, 68, 73, 77 Vertebrae, 75, 77 Veterinary Medicine, 45, 77 Viruses, 71, 77 Vitro, 78 Vivo, 78 Vulgaris, 6, 78 Vulva, 6, 78 W Wound Healing, 19, 78 X X-ray, 32, 78

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