Eucalyptus - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References

EUCALYPTUS A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R E FERENCES J AMES N...

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EUCALYPTUS A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R E FERENCES

J AMES N. P ARKER , M.D. AND P HILIP M. P ARKER , P H .D., E DITORS

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ICON Health Publications ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, 4th Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Copyright 2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. Copyright 2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Last digit indicates print number: 10 9 8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1

Publisher, Health Care: Philip Parker, Ph.D. Editor(s): James Parker, M.D., Philip Parker, Ph.D. Publisher's note: The ideas, procedures, and suggestions contained in this book are not intended for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. As new medical or scientific information becomes available from academic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies may undergo changes. The authors, editors, and publisher have attempted to make the information in this book up to date and accurate in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of this book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised to always check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dosage and contraindications before prescribing any drug or pharmacological product. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs, herbal remedies, vitamins and supplements, alternative therapies, complementary therapies and medicines, and integrative medical treatments. Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parker, James N., 1961Parker, Philip M., 1960Eucalyptus: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References / James N. Parker and Philip M. Parker, editors p. cm. Includes bibliographical references, glossary, and index. ISBN: 0-597-84212-4 1. Eucalyptus-Popular works. I. Title.

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Disclaimer This publication is not intended to be used for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher, editors, and authors are not engaging in the rendering of medical, psychological, financial, legal, or other professional services. References to any entity, product, service, or source of information that may be contained in this publication should not be considered an endorsement, either direct or implied, by the publisher, editors, or authors. ICON Group International, Inc., the editors, and the authors are not responsible for the content of any Web pages or publications referenced in this publication.

Copyright Notice If a physician wishes to copy limited passages from this book for patient use, this right is automatically granted without written permission from ICON Group International, Inc. (ICON Group). However, all of ICON Group publications have copyrights. With exception to the above, copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. The disclaimer above must accompany all reproductions, in whole or in part, of this book.

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Acknowledgements The collective knowledge generated from academic and applied research summarized in various references has been critical in the creation of this book which is best viewed as a comprehensive compilation and collection of information prepared by various official agencies which produce publications on eucalyptus. Books in this series draw from various agencies and institutions associated with the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and in particular, the Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (OS), the Administration for Children and Families (ACF), the Administration on Aging (AOA), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Healthcare Financing Administration (HCFA), the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the Indian Health Service (IHS), the institutions of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Program Support Center (PSC), and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). In addition to these sources, information gathered from the National Library of Medicine, the United States Patent Office, the European Union, and their related organizations has been invaluable in the creation of this book. Some of the work represented was financially supported by the Research and Development Committee at INSEAD. This support is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, special thanks are owed to Tiffany Freeman for her excellent editorial support.

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About the Editors James N. Parker, M.D. Dr. James N. Parker received his Bachelor of Science degree in Psychobiology from the University of California, Riverside and his M.D. from the University of California, San Diego. In addition to authoring numerous research publications, he has lectured at various academic institutions. Dr. Parker is the medical editor for health books by ICON Health Publications. Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. Philip M. Parker is the Eli Lilly Chair Professor of Innovation, Business and Society at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France and Singapore). Dr. Parker has also been Professor at the University of California, San Diego and has taught courses at Harvard University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, and UCLA. Dr. Parker is the associate editor for ICON Health Publications.

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About ICON Health Publications To discover more about ICON Health Publications, simply check with your preferred online booksellers, including Barnes&Noble.com and Amazon.com which currently carry all of our titles. Or, feel free to contact us directly for bulk purchases or institutional discounts: ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, Fourth Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Fax: 858-546-4341 Web site: www.icongrouponline.com/health

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Table of Contents FORWARD .......................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON EUCALYPTUS ............................................................................................. 3 Overview........................................................................................................................................ 3 The Combined Health Information Database................................................................................. 3 Federally Funded Research on Eucalyptus .................................................................................... 5 E-Journals: PubMed Central ......................................................................................................... 5 The National Library of Medicine: PubMed .................................................................................. 7 CHAPTER 2. NUTRITION AND EUCALYPTUS ................................................................................... 15 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 15 Finding Nutrition Studies on Eucalyptus ................................................................................... 15 Federal Resources on Nutrition ................................................................................................... 21 Additional Web Resources ........................................................................................................... 21 CHAPTER 3. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND EUCALYPTUS ............................................................. 23 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 23 National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.................................................. 23 Additional Web Resources ........................................................................................................... 39 General References ....................................................................................................................... 43 CHAPTER 4. DISSERTATIONS ON EUCALYPTUS ............................................................................... 45 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 45 Dissertations on Eucalyptus ........................................................................................................ 45 Keeping Current .......................................................................................................................... 46 CHAPTER 5. PATENTS ON EUCALYPTUS ......................................................................................... 47 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 47 Patents on Eucalyptus ................................................................................................................. 47 Patent Applications on Eucalyptus ............................................................................................. 75 Keeping Current .......................................................................................................................... 90 CHAPTER 6. BOOKS ON EUCALYPTUS ............................................................................................. 91 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 91 Book Summaries: Online Booksellers........................................................................................... 91 The National Library of Medicine Book Index ............................................................................. 94 Chapters on Eucalyptus ............................................................................................................... 94 CHAPTER 7. PERIODICALS AND NEWS ON EUCALYPTUS ............................................................... 97 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 97 News Services and Press Releases................................................................................................ 97 Academic Periodicals covering Eucalyptus.................................................................................. 98 APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES .......................................................................................... 103 Overview.................................................................................................................................... 103 NIH Guidelines.......................................................................................................................... 103 NIH Databases........................................................................................................................... 105 Other Commercial Databases..................................................................................................... 108 APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES ............................................................................................... 109 Overview.................................................................................................................................... 109 Patient Guideline Sources.......................................................................................................... 109 Finding Associations.................................................................................................................. 111 APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES ................................................................................ 113 Overview.................................................................................................................................... 113 Preparation................................................................................................................................. 113 Finding a Local Medical Library................................................................................................ 113 Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada ................................................................................. 113 ONLINE GLOSSARIES................................................................................................................ 119

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Online Dictionary Directories ................................................................................................... 120 EUCALYPTUS DICTIONARY .................................................................................................... 123 INDEX .............................................................................................................................................. 165

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FORWARD In March 2001, the National Institutes of Health issued the following warning: "The number of Web sites offering health-related resources grows every day. Many sites provide valuable information, while others may have information that is unreliable or misleading."1 Furthermore, because of the rapid increase in Internet-based information, many hours can be wasted searching, selecting, and printing. Since only the smallest fraction of information dealing with eucalyptus is indexed in search engines, such as www.google.com or others, a non-systematic approach to Internet research can be not only time consuming, but also incomplete. This book was created for medical professionals, students, and members of the general public who want to know as much as possible about eucalyptus, using the most advanced research tools available and spending the least amount of time doing so. In addition to offering a structured and comprehensive bibliography, the pages that follow will tell you where and how to find reliable information covering virtually all topics related to eucalyptus, from the essentials to the most advanced areas of research. Public, academic, government, and peer-reviewed research studies are emphasized. Various abstracts are reproduced to give you some of the latest official information available to date on eucalyptus. Abundant guidance is given on how to obtain free-of-charge primary research results via the Internet. While this book focuses on the field of medicine, when some sources provide access to non-medical information relating to eucalyptus, these are noted in the text. E-book and electronic versions of this book are fully interactive with each of the Internet sites mentioned (clicking on a hyperlink automatically opens your browser to the site indicated). If you are using the hard copy version of this book, you can access a cited Web site by typing the provided Web address directly into your Internet browser. You may find it useful to refer to synonyms or related terms when accessing these Internet databases. NOTE: At the time of publication, the Web addresses were functional. However, some links may fail due to URL address changes, which is a common occurrence on the Internet. For readers unfamiliar with the Internet, detailed instructions are offered on how to access electronic resources. For readers unfamiliar with medical terminology, a comprehensive glossary is provided. For readers without access to Internet resources, a directory of medical libraries, that have or can locate references cited here, is given. We hope these resources will prove useful to the widest possible audience seeking information on eucalyptus. The Editors

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From the NIH, National Cancer Institute (NCI): http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/ten-things-to-know.

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CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON EUCALYPTUS Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to locate peer-reviewed references and studies on eucalyptus.

The Combined Health Information Database The Combined Health Information Database summarizes studies across numerous federal agencies. To limit your investigation to research studies and eucalyptus, you will need to use the advanced search options. First, go to http://chid.nih.gov/index.html. From there, select the “Detailed Search” option (or go directly to that page with the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html). The trick in extracting studies is found in the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Journal Article.” At the top of the search form, select the number of records you would like to see (we recommend 100) and check the box to display “whole records.” We recommend that you type “eucalyptus” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. Consider using the option “anywhere in record” to make your search as broad as possible. If you want to limit the search to only a particular field, such as the title of the journal, then select this option in the “Search in these fields” drop box. The following is what you can expect from this type of search: •

Physician's Guide to Herbs Source: Practical Diabetology. 16(1): 10, 12-13, 16-17, 20. March 1997. Contact: Available from R.A. Rapaport Publishing, Inc. 150 West 22nd Street, New York, NY 10011. (800) 234-0923. Summary: Conventional therapy of diabetes mellitus has focused on a care plan consisting of meal planning, exercise, medication, self monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), and patient education. Recently, there has been increasing interest on the part of patients in alternative therapies for chronic disease, including the increased use and popularity of herbal therapies. This article is a review of herbal products described in the literature as being useful and beneficial in diabetes management. The authors begin with a series of reported cases of herbal misadventures, noting that the heterogeneous

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nature of herbal products makes it difficult to monitor patients for adverse effects. The authors then review the use of herbs and herb products, including alfalfa, apple, bilberry, blackberry, burdock, celery, coriander, dandelion, Di huang, dried root bark of lycium Chinese mill, eucalyptus, fenugreek, garlic, ginger, ginseng, goat's rue, goldenseal, guayusa, hop, Java plum, juniper, kidney-bean pods, lucerne (Medicago sativa), mistletoe, Momordica charantia (cerasee), Momordica charantia (karela), mushrooms, nettle, onion, raspberry, sage, sumac, tarragon, thyme, Xuan seng, yeast, and zhi mu or di seng. The authors conclude that, although some alternative preparations may have mild glucose-lowering effects, the effects are insufficient for the management of diabetes. In addition, the potential for adverse interactions with agents used in conventional treatment should be appreciated. 7 references. (AA-M). •

Over-the-Counter Drugs: What's Safe to Take? Source: Diabetes Self-Management. 17(6): 46, 48-50, 52. November-December 2000. Contact: Available from R.A. Rapaport Publishing, Inc. 150 West 22nd Street, New York, NY 10011. (800) 234-0923. Website: www.diabetes-self-mgmt.com. Summary: This article examines some of the most commonly used nonprescription drugs and their effects and side effects and lists many brand name products and their active ingredients. The article also includes some general guidelines for using nonprescription medications. Nonprescription pain relievers include acetaminophen, aspirin, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen, as well as combinations of these products. Products containing capsaicin may be the most effective nonprescription topical agents for relieving neuropathy. Typical nonprescription remedies for upper respiratory symptoms include antihistamines, decongestants, cough relievers, expectorants, and pain relievers, or a combination of these ingredients. Another option for relief of upper respiratory symptoms caused by the cold or flu is a topical ointment containing camphor, menthol, and eucalyptus oil. Antihistamines are the primary nonprescription medications used to prevent and control motion sickness. Antihistamines are also the active ingredient in nonprescription sleep aids. Caffeine is the only nonprescription stimulant product approved by the Food and Drug Administration. An occasional cold sore or canker sore can be effectively treated with a nonprescription ointment such as benzocaine, camphor and phenol, dyclonine and allantoin, tannic acid, and tetracaine hydrochloride. Nonprescription medications available to treat vaginal yeast infections include antifungal products such as butoconazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole. Premenstrual discomfort may be relieved with nonprescription products such as ibuprofen; pamabrom; pamabrom and acetaminophen; and pamabrom, acetaminophen, and pyrilamine. Many gastrointestinal symptoms can be eased by nonprescription products. Relief from heartburn, indigestion, or reflux can be attained with antacids or acid blockers. Constipation may be treated with bulk forming laxatives, stool softeners, emollients, and lubricants. Diarrhea can be relieved with various antidiarrheal products. Relief from flatulence can be obtained with the use of alpha galactosidase enzyme, lactase enzyme, and simethicone. Skin care products that ease dry skin include those with the active ingredients of glycerin, mineral oil, and petrolatum. People who have diabetes can self treat mild burns and sunburns, acne, and other skin irritations with various nonprescription drugs. People who have diabetes should avoid nonprescription callus, corn, and wart removers, but self treatment of athlete's foot is generally safe. Although weight loss is an important part of diabetes management, many nonprescription weight control products contain a decongestant that can elevate blood glucose and blood pressure. Nonprescription nicotine patches or nicotine gum can help smokers quit. 1 figure.

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Natural Products and Diabetes Treatment Source: Diabetes Educator. 24(2): 201-202, 205-206, 207. March-April 1998. Contact: Available from American Association of Diabetes Educators. 100 West Monroe Street, 4th Floor, Chicago, IL 60603-1901. (312) 424-2426. Summary: This article provides information about natural products as diabetes treatment. The authors point out that some natural products are potentially damaging to people with chronic diseases, especially if they are used instead of proven scientific treatment regimens. However, Americans spend about 14 billion dollars each year on alternative medicines and treatments. The authors briefly discuss the following natural products that have been promoted in relation to diabetes: ackee fruit, alfalfa, aloe vera, argimony, artichokes, barley, bitter melon, burdock root, capsaicin (cayenne pepper), carrot oil, charcoal, chromium, coriander, dandelion root, devil's club, eucalyptus, ephedra, evening primrose, fenugreek seeds, fo-ti, garlic, ginkgo biloba, ginseng, glucomannan, grape seed, guayusa, guar gum (karaya gum), gymnena, juniper, licorice, mushrooms, neem seed oil, onions, pectin (apples), periwinkle, potatoes, yellow root (golden seal), and yohimbine. The authors note that the few products that do have a mild impact on lowering blood glucose levels are significantly less effective than standard treatments. In order to ensure that no toxic effects occur and that treatment objectives are achieved, health professionals should closely monitor any person who decides to use a natural product for diabetes. The article includes general guidelines for counseling people who use herbs. 39 references. (AA-M).

Federally Funded Research on Eucalyptus The U.S. Government supports a variety of research studies relating to eucalyptus. These studies are tracked by the Office of Extramural Research at the National Institutes of Health.2 CRISP (Computerized Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects) is a searchable database of federally funded biomedical research projects conducted at universities, hospitals, and other institutions. Search the CRISP Web site at http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/crisp_query.generate_screen. You will have the option to perform targeted searches by various criteria, including geography, date, and topics related to eucalyptus. For most of the studies, the agencies reporting into CRISP provide summaries or abstracts. As opposed to clinical trial research using patients, many federally funded studies use animals or simulated models to explore eucalyptus.

E-Journals: PubMed Central3 PubMed Central (PMC) is a digital archive of life sciences journal literature developed and managed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National 2

Healthcare projects are funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA), Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Office of Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH). 3 Adapted from the National Library of Medicine: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/about/intro.html.

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Library of Medicine (NLM).4 Access to this growing archive of e-journals is free and unrestricted.5 To search, go to http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=Pmc, and type “eucalyptus” (or synonyms) into the search box. This search gives you access to full-text articles. The following is a sample of items found for eucalyptus in the PubMed Central database: •

A cDNA encoding S-adenosyl-L-methionine:caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase from Eucalyptus. by Poeydomenge O, Boudet AM, Grima-Pettenati J.; 1994 Jun; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/picrender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&action=stream&blobt ype=pdf&artid=159417

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Carbohydrate and Amino Acid Metabolism in the Eucalyptus globulus-Pisolithus tinctorius Ectomycorrhiza during Glucose Utilization. by Martin F, Boiffin V, Pfeffer PE.; 1998 Oct 1; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=34839

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Characterization of Two HKT1 Homologues from Eucalyptus camaldulensis That Display Intrinsic Osmosensing Capability. by Liu W, Fairbairn DJ, Reid RJ, Schachtman DP.; 2001 Sep 1; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=117984

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Emission of Isoprene from Salt-Stressed Eucalyptus globulus Leaves. by Loreto F, Delfine S.; 2000 Aug 1; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=59117

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Enrichment in Specific Soluble Sugars of Two Eucalyptus Cell-Suspension Cultures by Various Treatments Enhances Their Frost Tolerance via a Noncolligative Mechanism. by Travert S, Valerio L, Fouraste I, Boudet AM, Teulieres C.; 1997 Aug; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstr act&artid=158436

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Fungal Degradation of Lipophilic Extractives in Eucalyptus globulus Wood. by Gutierrez A, del Rio JC, Martinez MJ, Martinez AT.; 1999 Apr; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=91193

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Isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from Eucalyptus camaldulensis in India. by Chakrabarti A, Jatana M, Kumar P, Chatha L, Kaushal A, Padhye AA.; 1997 Dec; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstr act&artid=230181

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Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Eucalyptus. by Feuillet C, Boudet AM, Grima-Pettenati J.; 1993 Dec; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/picrender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&action=stream&blobt ype=pdf&artid=159138

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Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase from Eucalyptus. by Poeydomenge O, Marolda M, Boudet AM, Grima-Pettenati J.; 1995 Apr; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/picrender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&action=stream&blobt ype=pdf&artid=157283

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With PubMed Central, NCBI is taking the lead in preservation and maintenance of open access to electronic literature, just as NLM has done for decades with printed biomedical literature. PubMed Central aims to become a world-class library of the digital age. 5 The value of PubMed Central, in addition to its role as an archive, lies in the availability of data from diverse sources stored in a common format in a single repository. Many journals already have online publishing operations, and there is a growing tendency to publish material online only, to the exclusion of print.

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Nucleotide sequence of a Eucalyptus botryoides gene encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. by Hibino T, Chen JQ, Shibata D, Higuchi T.; 1994 Jan; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/picrender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&action=stream&blobt ype=pdf&artid=159199

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Purification and Characterization of Cinnamoyl-Coenzyme A:NADP Oxidoreductase in Eucalyptus gunnii. by Goffner D, Campbell MM, Campargue C, Clastre M, Borderies G, Boudet A, Boudet AM.; 1994 Oct; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstr act&artid=159569

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Purification and Characterization of Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Isoforms from the Periderm of Eucalyptus gunnii Hook. by Hawkins SW, Boudet AM.; 1994 Jan; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstr act&artid=159164

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Ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers to estimate the proportion of Pisolithus tinctorius and Eucalyptus RNAs in ectomycorrhiza. by Diaz EC, Tagu D, Martin F.; 1997 Mar; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstr act&artid=168379

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The Effect of Elevated [CO2] on Growth and Photosynthesis of Two Eucalyptus Species Exposed to High Temperatures and Water Deficits. by Roden JS, Ball MC.; 1996 Jul; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstr act&artid=157910

The National Library of Medicine: PubMed One of the quickest and most comprehensive ways to find academic studies in both English and other languages is to use PubMed, maintained by the National Library of Medicine.6 The advantage of PubMed over previously mentioned sources is that it covers a greater number of domestic and foreign references. It is also free to use. If the publisher has a Web site that offers full text of its journals, PubMed will provide links to that site, as well as to sites offering other related data. User registration, a subscription fee, or some other type of fee may be required to access the full text of articles in some journals. To generate your own bibliography of studies dealing with eucalyptus, simply go to the PubMed Web site at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. Type “eucalyptus” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” The following is the type of output you can expect from PubMed for eucalyptus (hyperlinks lead to article summaries):

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PubMed was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at Web sites of participating publishers. Publishers that participate in PubMed supply NLM with their citations electronically prior to or at the time of publication.

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A comparison of the effectiveness of chloroform and eucalyptus oil in dissolving root canal sealers. Author(s): Schafer E, Zandbiglari T. Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics. 2002 May; 93(5): 611-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12075213&dopt=Abstract

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Antiviral activity of Australian tea tree oil and eucalyptus oil against herpes simplex virus in cell culture. Author(s): Schnitzler P, Schon K, Reichling J. Source: Pharmazie. 2001 April; 56(4): 343-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11338678&dopt=Abstract

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Bioactive acylphloroglucinol derivatives from Eucalyptus species. Author(s): Ghisalberti EL. Source: Phytochemistry. 1996 January; 41(1): 7-22. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8588876&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical effects and management of eucalyptus oil ingestion in infants and young children. Author(s): Tibballs J. Source: The Medical Journal of Australia. 1995 August 21; 163(4): 177-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7651249&dopt=Abstract

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Composition and protein quality of honeybee-collected pollen of Eucalyptus marginata and Eucalyptus calophylla. Author(s): Bell RR, Thornber EJ, Seet JL, Groves MT, Ho NP, Bell DT. Source: The Journal of Nutrition. 1983 December; 113(12): 2479-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6655512&dopt=Abstract

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Contact urticaria due to eucalyptus pollen. Author(s): Vidal C, Cabeza N. Source: Contact Dermatitis. 1992 April; 26(4): 265. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1395567&dopt=Abstract

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Copper and lead bioaccumulation by Acacia retinoides and Eucalyptus torquata in sites contaminated as a consequence of extensive ancient mining activities in Cyprus. Author(s): Pyatt FB. Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2001 September; 50(1): 60-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11534953&dopt=Abstract

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Cypellocarpins A-C, phenol glycosides esterified with oleuropeic acid, from Eucalyptus cypellocarpa. Author(s): Ito H, Koreishi M, Tokuda H, Nishino H, Yoshida T. Source: Journal of Natural Products. 2000 September; 63(9): 1253-7. Erratum In: J Nat Prod 2000 December; 63(12): 1717. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11000030&dopt=Abstract

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Deliberate self-poisoning with eucalyptus oil in an elderly woman. Author(s): Anpalahan M, Le Couteur DG. Source: Aust N Z J Med. 1998 February; 28(1): 58. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9544389&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of peppermint and eucalyptus oil preparations on neurophysiological and experimental algesimetric headache parameters. Author(s): Gobel H, Schmidt G, Soyka D. Source: Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache. 1994 June; 14(3): 228-34; Discussion 182. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7954745&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptone from Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Osawa K, Yasuda H, Morita H, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Source: Phytochemistry. 1995 September; 40(1): 183-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7546549&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil ingestion. Author(s): Hindle RC. Source: N Z Med J. 1994 May 11; 107(977): 185-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8177581&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil poisoning among young children: mechanisms of access and the potential for prevention. Author(s): Day LM, Ozanne-Smith J, Parsons BJ, Dobbin M, Tibballs J. Source: Aust N Z J Public Health. 1997 June; 21(3): 297-302. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9270157&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil poisoning in childhood: 41 cases in south-east Queensland. Author(s): Webb NJ, Pitt WR. Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 1993 October; 29(5): 368-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8240865&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil poisoning. Author(s): Patel S, Wiggins J. Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood. 1980 May; 55(5): 405-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7436478&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil: 14 cases of exposure. Author(s): Spoerke DG, Vandenberg SA, Smolinske SC, Kulig K, Rumack BH. Source: Vet Hum Toxicol. 1989 April; 31(2): 166-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2929128&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil: therapeutic and toxic aspects of pharmacology in humans and animals. Author(s): Whitman BW, Ghazizadeh H. Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 1994 April; 30(2): 190-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8198860&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus vapor causing Aspergillus in sputum smears. Author(s): Vidal C, Gonzalez Quintela A, Martin F. Source: Ann Allergy. 1991 April; 66(4): 355-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2014940&dopt=Abstract

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Evaluation of a eucalyptus-based repellent against Anopheles spp. in Tanzania. Author(s): Trigg JK. Source: J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1996 June; 12(2 Pt 1): 243-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8827599&dopt=Abstract

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Evaluation of a eucalyptus-based repellent against Culicoides impunctatus (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae) in Scotland. Author(s): Trigg JK. Source: J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1996 June; 12(2 Pt 1): 329-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8827615&dopt=Abstract

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Expressed sequence tags of randomly selected cDNA clones from Eucalyptus globulus-Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhiza. Author(s): Tagu D, Martin F. Source: Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1995 September-October; 8(5): 781-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7579623&dopt=Abstract

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Fair dinkum koala kuisine--eucalyptus oil poisoning. Author(s): Mack RB. Source: N C Med J. 1988 November; 49(11): 599-600. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2904658&dopt=Abstract

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Hydrolyzable tannins and related polyphenols from Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Hou AJ, Liu YZ, Yang H, Lin ZW, Sun HD. Source: Journal of Asian Natural Products Research. 2000; 2(3): 205-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11256694&dopt=Abstract

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In vitro evaluation of surfactants with eucalyptus oil for respiratory distress syndrome. Author(s): Banerjee R, Bellare JR. Source: Respiration Physiology. 2001 June; 126(2): 141-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11348641&dopt=Abstract

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Induction of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in the common brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula, by Eucalyptus terpenes. Author(s): Pass GJ, McLean S, Stupans I. Source: Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1999 November; 124(3): 239-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10661715&dopt=Abstract

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Isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from Eucalyptus camaldulensis in India. Author(s): Chakrabarti A, Jatana M, Kumar P, Chatha L, Kaushal A, Padhye AA. Source: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 1997 December; 35(12): 3340-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9399553&dopt=Abstract

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Once a vibrant eucalyptus. Author(s): Race KG. Source: Todays or Nurse. 1982 August; 4(6): 52. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6924462&dopt=Abstract

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Oxidation of 1,8-cineole, the monoterpene cyclic ether originated from eucalyptus polybractea, by cytochrome P450 3A enzymes in rat and human liver microsomes. Author(s): Miyazawa M, Shindo M, Shimada T. Source: Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the Biological Fate of Chemicals. 2001 February; 29(2): 200-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11159812&dopt=Abstract

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Polyphenols from Eucalyptus consideniana and Eucalyptus viminalis. Author(s): Santos SC, Waterman PG. Source: Fitoterapia. 2001 January; 72(1): 95-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11163955&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus

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Polyphenols from Eucalyptus ovata. Author(s): Santos SC, Waterman PG. Source: Fitoterapia. 2001 March; 72(3): 316-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11295317&dopt=Abstract

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Response of human ciliated respiratory cells to a mixture of menthol, eucalyptus oil and pine needle oil. Author(s): Riechelmann H, Brommer C, Hinni M, Martin C. Source: Arzneimittel-Forschung. 1997 September; 47(9): 1035-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9342418&dopt=Abstract

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Safety of working conditions of glyphosate applicators on Eucalyptus forests using knapsack and tractor powered sprayers. Author(s): Machado-Neto JG, Bassini AJ, Aguiar LC. Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 2000 March; 64(3): 309-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10757652&dopt=Abstract

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Scroggie JG: Eucalyptus oil poisoning treated by dialysis and mannitol infusion, with an appendix on the analysis of biological fluids for alcohol and eucalyptol. Author(s): Gurr FW. Source: Australas Ann Med. 1965 August; 14(3): 238-49. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5862649&dopt=Abstract

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Sideroxylonal C, a new inhibitor of human plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1, from the flowers of Eucalyptus albens. Author(s): Neve J, Leone PA, Carroll AR, Moni RW, Paczkowski NJ, Pierens G, Bjorquist P, Deinum J, Ehnebom J, Inghardt T, Guymer G, Grimshaw P, Quinn RJ. Source: Journal of Natural Products. 1999 February; 62(2): 324-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10075775&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of camphor, eucalyptus and menthol vapour on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation. Author(s): Burrow A, Eccles R, Jones AS. Source: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 1983 July-August; 96(1-2): 157-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6613544&dopt=Abstract

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The inhibitory effect of funoran and eucalyptus extract-containing chewing gum on plaque formation. Author(s): Sato S, Yoshinuma N, Ito K, Tokumoto T, Takiguchi T, Suzuki Y, Murai S. Source: J Oral Sci. 1998 September; 40(3): 115-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9838746&dopt=Abstract

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The use of Chinese herbs folium ilicis chinensis decoction plus eucalyptus distillate for preoperative preparation of intestinal tract. Author(s): Miao TJ, Xiong RC. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1984 June; 4(2): 149-52. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6567729&dopt=Abstract

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Topical application of a new formulation of eucalyptus oil phytochemical clears methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Author(s): Sherry E, Boeck H, Warnke PH. Source: American Journal of Infection Control. 2001 October; 29(5): 346. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11584265&dopt=Abstract

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Topical eucalyptus oil poisoning. Author(s): Darben T, Cominos B, Lee CT. Source: The Australasian Journal of Dermatology. 1998 November; 39(4): 265-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9838728&dopt=Abstract

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CHAPTER 2. NUTRITION AND EUCALYPTUS Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to find studies dedicated specifically to nutrition and eucalyptus.

Finding Nutrition Studies on Eucalyptus The National Institutes of Health’s Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) offers a searchable bibliographic database called the IBIDS (International Bibliographic Information on Dietary Supplements; National Institutes of Health, Building 31, Room 1B29, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2086, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2086, Tel: 301-435-2920, Fax: 301-480-1845, E-mail: [email protected]). The IBIDS contains over 460,000 scientific citations and summaries about dietary supplements and nutrition as well as references to published international, scientific literature on dietary supplements such as vitamins, minerals, and botanicals.7 The IBIDS includes references and citations to both human and animal research studies. As a service of the ODS, access to the IBIDS database is available free of charge at the following Web address: http://ods.od.nih.gov/databases/ibids.html. After entering the search area, you have three choices: (1) IBIDS Consumer Database, (2) Full IBIDS Database, or (3) Peer Reviewed Citations Only. Now that you have selected a database, click on the “Advanced” tab. An advanced search allows you to retrieve up to 100 fully explained references in a comprehensive format. Type “eucalyptus” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” To narrow the search, you can also select the “Title” field.

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Adapted from http://ods.od.nih.gov. IBIDS is produced by the Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) at the National Institutes of Health to assist the public, healthcare providers, educators, and researchers in locating credible, scientific information on dietary supplements. IBIDS was developed and will be maintained through an interagency partnership with the Food and Nutrition Information Center of the National Agricultural Library, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

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The following information is typical of that found when using the “Full IBIDS Database” to search for “eucalyptus” (or a synonym): •

Aromatic plants of tropical West Africa. VII. Chemical composition of the essential oils of two Eucalyptus species (Myrtaceae) from Burkina Faso: Eucalyptus alba Muell. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnardt. Author(s): Universite de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougo. Source: Samate, A.D. Nacro, M. Menut, C. Lamaty, G. Bessiere, J.M. Journal-of-essentialoil-research-:-JEOR (USA). (May-June 1998). volume 10(3) page 321-324.

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Effect of extraction techniques on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. brevirostis leaf oils. Source: Fadel, H. Marx, F. El Sawy, A. El Ghorab, A. Zeitschrift-fuer-LebensmittelUntersuchung-und-Forschung (Germany). (1999). volume 208(3) page 212-216.

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Persistence of herbal healing. Source: De Jesus, N. Greenfields (Philippines). (April 2000). page 38-42. Issued March 2001.

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Social forestry in alleviating rural poverty in Bangladesh. Source: Ahmed, F.U. Farm-Economy (Bangladesh). (1993). volume 9 page 139-144.

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Studies in the essential oil bearing plants of Bangladesh. V. Composition of the leaf oils of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook and E. alba Reinw. ex Blume. Author(s): Universita di Messina, Messina, Italy Source: Mondello, L. Verzera, A. Bonaccorsi, I. Chowdhury, J.U. Yusef, M. Begum, J. Journal-of-essential-oil-research-:-JEOR (USA). (Mar-April 1998). volume 10(2) page 185188.

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The eucalyptus in California. Source: Bulman, T.L. Fremontia (USA). (April 1988). volume 16(1) page 9-12.

Additional physician-oriented references include: •

A near-infrared method for the assay of cineole in eucalyptus oil as an alternative to the official BP method. Author(s): Centre for Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, UK. Source: Wilson, N D Watt, R A Moffat, A C J-Pharm-Pharmacol. 2001 January; 53(1): 95102 0022-3573

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A new chemovar of gympie messmate (Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell.) containing alpha-pinene and tasmanone. Source: Doimo, L. Fletcher, R.J. D'Arcy, B.R. Southwell, I.A. J-essent-oil-res. Carol Stream, Ill. : Allured Publishing Corporation. Jan/February 1999. volume 11 (1) page 7778. 1041-2905

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Added phosphorus is associated with reduced severity of Mycosphaerella cryptica in Eucalyptus globulus. Source: Carnegie, A.J. Ades, P.K. Aust-for. Yarralumla ACT, Australia : Institute of Foresters of Australia. December 2001. volume 64 (4) page 203-208. 0004-9158

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Administration of a 5HT3 receptor antagonist increases the intake of diets containing Eucalyptus secondary metabolites by marsupials. Author(s): Division of Botany and Zoology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. [email protected]

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Source: Lawler, I R Foley, W J Pass, G J Eschler, B M J-Comp-Physiol-[B]. 1998 December; 168(8): 611-8 0174-1578 •

Antifungal activity of the volatile oil of Eucalyptus citriodora. Author(s): Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India. [email protected] Source: Ramezani, Hesamedin Singh, H P Batish, D R Kohli, R K Fitoterapia. 2002 June; 73(3): 261-2 0367-326X

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Catastrophic wildfire and its short-term effects on families of order Coleoptera (beetles) in Eucalyptus regnans forest in the Central Highlands of Victoria. Source: Collett, N.G. Aust-for. Yarralumla ACT, Australia : Institute of Foresters of Australia. March 2000. volume 63 (1) page 7-20. 0004-9158

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Comparison of classical and ultrasound-assisted isolation procedures of cellulose from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus rodustrus Sm.). Author(s): Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece. Source: Pappas, C Tarantilis, P A Daliani, I Mavromoustakos, T Polissiou, M UltrasonSonochem. 2002 January; 9(1): 19-23 1350-4177

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Digestion and metabolism of high-tannin Eucalyptus foliage by the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae). Source: Foley, W J Hume, I D J-Comp-Physiol-[B]. 1987; 157(1): 67-76 0174-1578

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Dispersed polyphosphate in fungal vacuoles in Eucalyptus pilularis/Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhizas. Author(s): School of Biological Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [email protected] Source: Ashford, A E Vesk, P A Orlovich, D A Markovina, A L Allaway, W G FungalGenet-Biol. 1999 October; 28(1): 21-33 1087-1845

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Efficacy of mint and eucalyptus leaves on the physicochemical characteristics of stored wheat against insect infestation. Author(s): Himachal Pradesh Krishni Vishvaviolyalaya, College of Home Science, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, IND-Palampur, India. Source: Modgil, R Samuels, R Nahrung. 1998 October; 42(5): 304-8 0027-769X

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Efficient analyses of natural products: III. Detection and preparative scale isolation of euglobals from Eucalyptus species. Source: Takasaki, M. Konoshima, T. Hashimoto, K. Katoh, Y. Kozuka, M. Plant-Med. Stuttgart, W. Ger. : Georg Thieme Verlag. December 1990. volume 56 (6) page 567. 00320943

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Egg parasitoids of Podisus sculptus distant (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in an Eucalyptus plantation in the Brazilian amazonian region. Author(s): Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, 36571000 Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. [email protected] Source: Zanuncio, J C Oliveira, H N Torres, J B Pratissoli, D Rev-Biol-Tropage 2000 December; 48(4): 989-92 0034-7744

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Encoding of host and non-host plant odours by receptor neurones in the eucalyptus woodborer, Phoracantha semipunctata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Author(s): Department of Biology, University of Evora, Apartado 94, 7002-554 Evora, Portugal. [email protected]

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Source: Barata, Nuno Mustaparta, Hanna Pickett, John A Wadhams, Lester J Araujo, Jorge J-Comp-Physiol-A-Neuroethol-Sens-Neural-Behav-Physiol. 2002 March; 188(2): 121-33 0340-7594 •

Estimation of outcrossing rate in a breeding population of Eucalyptus urophylla with dominant RAPD and AFLP markers. Source: Gaiotto, F.A. Bramucci, M. Grattapaglia, D. Theor-appl-genet. Berlin; SpringerVerlag. October 1997. volume 95 (5/6) page 842-849. 0040-5752

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Eucalyptus treats winter colds. Source: Erney, D. Org-gard. [Emmaus, PA : Rodale Press, c1988-. Nov/December 1999. volume 46 (6) page 18. 0897-3792

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Fair dinkum koala kuisine--eucalyptus oil poisoning. Source: Mack, R B N-C-Med-J. 1988 November; 49(11): 599-600 0029-2559

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Forager size of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a mature eucalyptus forest in Brazil. Author(s): Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologias Agropecuarias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28015-620, Brazil. [email protected] Source: Tonhasca, A Jr Braganca, M A Rev-Biol-Tropage 2000 December; 48(4): 983-8 0034-7744

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Genetic mapping of QTLs controlling vegetative propagation in Eucalyptus grandis and E. urophylla using a pseudo-testcross strategy and RAPD markers. Source: Grattapaglia, D. Bertolucci, F.L. Sederoff, R.R. Theor-appl-genet. Berlin; Springer-Verlag. June 1995. volume 90 (7/8) page 933-947. 0040-5752

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How well can common brushtail possums regulate their intake of Eucalyptus toxins? Author(s): Division of Botany and Zoology, Australian National University, Canberra. Source: Stapley, J Foley, W J Cunningham, R Eschler, B J-Comp-Physiol-[B]. 2000 May; 170(3): 211-8 0174-1578

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Hydrolyzable tannins and related polyphenols from Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Source: Hou, A J Liu, Y Z Yang, H Lin, Z W Sun, H D J-Asian-Nat-Prod-Res. 2000; 2(3): 205-12 1028-6020

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In vitro evaluation of surfactants with eucalyptus oil for respiratory distress syndrome. Author(s): School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, 3333 California Street, Suite 150, San Francisco, CA 94118-1245, USA. [email protected] Source: Banerjee, R Bellare, J R Respir-Physiol. 2001 June; 126(2): 141-51 0034-5687

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Induction of hepatic microsomal oxidative metabolism in mice by essential oil components from some Eucalyptus spp. and Queensland fodder trees [Poisoning of livestock from carbon tetrachloride drenches]. Source: Noble, R.M. Herdlicka, J. Sutherland, M.D. Seawright, A.A. Queensl-J-AgricAnim-Sci. Brisbane : Queensland Dept. of Primary Industries. June 1982. volume 39 (1) page 9-14. 0033-6173

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Influence of vitamin E on in vitro propagation of Eucalyptus rudis Endl., of Larix X eurolepis Henry and Quercus borealis Michx [Antioxidizing agent, synergic effect with other medium growth regulators]. Influence de la vitamine E sur la

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multiplication vegetative in vitro de l'Eucalyptus rudis Endl., de Larix X eurolepis Henry et de Quercus borealis Michx. Source: Badia Nkanka, K. Bull-Rech-Agron-Gembloux. Gembloux : Presses agronomiques de Gembloux. 1982. volume 17 (3) page 219-225. 0435-2033 •

Inheritance of freezing resistance in interspecific F1 hybrids of Eucalyptus. Source: Tibbits, W.N. Potts, B.M. Savva, M.H. Theor-Appl-Genet. Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer International. 1991. volume 83 (1) page 126-135. 0040-5752

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Intraspecific variation of Eucalyptus secondary metabolites determines food intake by folivorous marsupials. Source: Lawler, I.R. Foley, W.J. Eschler, B.M. Pass, D.M. Handasyde, K. Oecologia. Berlin : Springer-Verlag, 1968-. 1998. volume 116 (1/2) page 160-169. 0029-8549

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Moisture stress stimulates the subsequent growth of lignotuberous Eucalyptus maculata seedlings. Source: Neave, I.A. Florence, R.G. Aust-for. Yarralumla ACT, Australia : Institute of Foresters of Australia. June 1998. volume 61 (2) page 114-119. 0004-9158

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Oxidation of 1,8-cineole, the monoterpene cyclic ether originated from eucalyptus polybractea, by cytochrome P450 3A enzymes in rat and human liver microsomes. Author(s): Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. [email protected] Source: Miyazawa, M Shindo, M Shimada, T Drug-Metab-Dispos. 2001 February; 29(2): 200-5 0090-9556

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Patterns of variation in the seedling leaf oils of Eucalyptus urophylla, E. pellita and E. scias. Source: Doran, J.C. Williams, E.R. Brophy, J.J. Aust-j-bot. Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, 1953-. 1995. volume 43 (3) page 327-336. 0067-1924

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Phytochemical examination of Eucalyptus--a review. Source: Dayal, R. J-Sci-Ind-Res. New Delhi : Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. April 1988. volume 47 (4) page 215-220. 0022-4456

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Polyphenols from Eucalyptus consideniana and Eucalyptus viminalis. Author(s): Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Goias, Campus Samambaia, Caixa Postal 131, CEP 74001-970, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. [email protected] Source: Santos, S C Waterman, P G Fitoterapia. 2001 January; 72(1): 95-7 0367-326X

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Postembryonic development and reproduction in Dysdercus koenigii (F.) (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) on exposure to eucalyptus oil volatiles. Source: Srivastava, R.K. Gurusubramanian, G. Krishna, S.S. Biol-agric-hortic. Oxon : A B Academic Publishers. 1995. volume 12 (1) page 81-88. 0144-8765

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Pretreatment of eucalyptus wood with sodium hypochlorite and enzymatic hydrolysis by cellulases of Trichoderma viride. Source: David, C. Fornasier, R. Lejong, W. Vanlautem, N. J-Appl-Polym-Sci. New York, N.Y. : John Wiley & Sons. June 20, 1987. volume 36 (1) page 29-41. 0021-8995

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Quantitative genetics of Eucalyptus globulus: affinities of land race and native stand localities. Source: Lopez, G.A. Potts, B.M. Dutkowski, G.W. Rodriguez Traverso, J.M. Silvae-genet. Frankfurt a. M. : J. D. Sauerlander's Verlag, c1957-. 2001. volume 50 (5/6) page 244-252. 0037-5349

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Structures of euglobal-G1, -G2, and -G3 from Eucalyptus grandis, three new inhibitors of Epstein-Barr virus activation. Author(s): Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan. Source: Takasaki, M Konoshima, T Shingu, T Tokuda, H Nishino, H Iwashima, A Kozuka, M Chem-Pharm-Bull-(Tokyo). 1990 May; 38(5): 1444-6 0009-2363

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Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of lipids from Eucalyptus globulus wood. Author(s): Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia, CSIC, P.O. Box 1052, E-41080, Sevilla, Spain. [email protected] Source: Gonzalez Vila, F J Bautista, J M Gutierrez, A Del Rio, J C Gonzalez, A G JBiochem-Biophys-Methods. 2000 July 5; 43(1-3): 345-51 0165-022X

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Symptoms of deficiency of trace elements and the associated changes in peroxidase isoenzyme pattern in the seedlings of teak, mahogany and Eucalyptus. Source: Kamala, B.S. Angadi, V.G. Parthasarathi, K. Rai, S.N. Van-Vigyan-J-Soc-IndianFor. Dehra Dun : Society of Indian Foresters. Sept/December 1986. volume 24 (3/4) page 49-55. ill.

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The inhibitory effect of funoran and eucalyptus extract-containing chewing gum on plaque formation. Author(s): Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan. Source: Sato, S Yoshinuma, N Ito, K Tokumoto, T Takiguchi, T Suzuki, Y Murai, S JOral-Sci. 1998 September; 40(3): 115-7 1343-4934

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The steam volatile leaf oil of Eucalyptus pulverulenta. Source: Brophy, J.J. Lassak, E.Volume Toia, R.F. Plant-Med-J-Med-Plant-Res. Stuttgart, W. Ger. : Thieme-Stratton. April 1985. (2) page 170-171. 0032-0943

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The structures of euglobal-G1, -G3 and -G4, three new inhibitors of Epstein-Barr virus activation from Eucalyptus grandis. Source: Takasaki, M. Konoshima, T. Kozuka, M. Shingu, T. Tokuda, H. Vishino, H. Iwashima, A. Plant-Med. Stuttgart, W. Ger. : Georg Thieme Verlag. December 1990. volume 56 (6) page 568. 0032-0943

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The unpiloted ignition of Eucalyptus leaves treated as a paralled reaction system. Source: Jones, J.C. Rahmati, H. Wake, G.C. J-Fire-Sci. Lancaster, Pa. : Technomic Publishing Company. July/August 1991. volume 9 (4) page 311-329. 0734-9041

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The use of shelterwood in Eucalyptus regnans forest: the effect of overwood removal at three years on regeneration stocking and health. Source: Saveneh, A.G. Dignan, P. Aust-for. Queen Victoria Terrace : Institute of Foresters of Australia. December 1997. volume 60 (4) page 251-259. 0004-9158

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Topical eucalyptus oil poisoning. Author(s): Department of Dermatology, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Source: Darben, T Cominos, B Lee, C T Australas-J-Dermatol. 1998 November; 39(4): 265-7 0004-8380

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Variation in first-harvest oil production in Eucalyptus radiata. Source: Doran, J.C. Arnold, R.J. Walton, S.J. Aust-for. Queen Victoria Terrace : Institute of Foresters of Australia. March 1998. volume 61 (1) page 27-33. 0004-9158

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Variations in mortality in families of Eucalyptus regnans caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, up to 5 years after planting. Source: Harris, J.A. Kassaby, F.Y. Smith, I.W. Aust-For-Res. East Melbourne : CSIRO. 1985. volume 15 (1) page 57-65. 0004-914X

Nutrition

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Yield limitations of genetically improved families of Eucalyptus grandis (Hill) ex Maiden in Zambia. Source: Mubita, A.C. Crop physiology of forest trees / compiled and edited by Peter M.A. Tigerstedt, Pasi Puttonen and Veikko Koski. Helsinki, Finland : University of Helsinki, Dept. of Plant Breeding, 1985. page 219-223. ISBN: 951453705X

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Zinc nutrition of jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith) seedlings. Source: Wallace, I.M. Dell, B. Loneragan, J.F. Aust-J-Bot. East Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. 1986. volume 34 (1) page 41-51. 0067-1924

Federal Resources on Nutrition In addition to the IBIDS, the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) provide many sources of information on general nutrition and health. Recommended resources include: •

healthfinder®, HHS’s gateway to health information, including diet and nutrition: http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/SearchContext.asp?topic=238&page=0

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The United States Department of Agriculture’s Web site dedicated to nutrition information: www.nutrition.gov

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The Food and Drug Administration’s Web site for federal food safety information: www.foodsafety.gov

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The National Action Plan on Overweight and Obesity sponsored by the United States Surgeon General: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/

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The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition has an Internet site sponsored by the Food and Drug Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services: http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/

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Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.usda.gov/cnpp/

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Food and Nutrition Information Center, National Agricultural Library sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/

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Food and Nutrition Service sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.fns.usda.gov/fns/

Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering food and nutrition. The following is a representative sample: •

AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=174&layer=&from=subcats

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Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_nutrition.html

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Nutrition/

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Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

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Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Nutrition/

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Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Nutrition/

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WebMDHealth: http://my.webmd.com/nutrition

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WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,00.html

The following is a specific Web list relating to eucalyptus; please note that any particular subject below may indicate either a therapeutic use, or a contraindication (potential danger), and does not reflect an official recommendation: •

Food and Diet Athletic Performance Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Low Back Pain Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com

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CHAPTER 3. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND EUCALYPTUS Overview In this chapter, we will begin by introducing you to official information sources on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) relating to eucalyptus. At the conclusion of this chapter, we will provide additional sources.

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (http://nccam.nih.gov/) has created a link to the National Library of Medicine’s databases to facilitate research for articles that specifically relate to eucalyptus and complementary medicine. To search the database, go to the following Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nccam/camonpubmed.html. Select “CAM on PubMed.” Enter “eucalyptus” (or synonyms) into the search box. Click “Go.” The following references provide information on particular aspects of complementary and alternative medicine that are related to eucalyptus: •

A cDNA encoding S-adenosyl-L-methionine:caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase from Eucalyptus. Author(s): Poeydomenge O, Boudet AM, Grima-Pettenati J. Source: Plant Physiology. 1994 June; 105(2): 749-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8066135&dopt=Abstract

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A near-infrared method for the assay of cineole in eucalyptus oil as an alternative to the official BP method. Author(s): Wilson ND, Watt RA, Moffat AC. Source: The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2001 January; 53(1): 95-102. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11206198&dopt=Abstract

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A note on the solubilization of eucalyptus oil by polysorbate 20. Author(s): Hall NA, Belanga JW.

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Source: Am J Pharm Sci Support Public Health. 1966 November-December; 138(6): 24950. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5978195&dopt=Abstract •

A simple washing procedure with eucalyptus oil for controlling house dust mites and their allergens in clothing and bedding. Author(s): Tovey ER, McDonald LG. Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 1997 October; 100(4): 464-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9338538&dopt=Abstract

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A TM3-like MADS-box gene from Eucalyptus expressed in both vegetative and reproductive tissues. Author(s): Decroocq V, Zhu X, Kauffman M, Kyozuka J, Peacock WJ, Dennis ES, Llewellyn DJ. Source: Gene. 1999 March 4; 228(1-2): 155-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10072768&dopt=Abstract

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Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus. Author(s): Silva J, Abebe W, Sousa SM, Duarte VG, Machado MI, Matos FJ. Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2003 December; 89(2-3): 277-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=14611892&dopt=Abstract

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Analysis of medicinal oil from Eucalyptus globulus. ssp. bicostata leaves. Author(s): Dayal R, Ayyar KS. Source: Planta Medica. 1986 April; (2): 162. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3725937&dopt=Abstract

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Antibacterial action of the essential oils of some Australian Myrtaceae with special references to the activity of chromatographic fractions of oil of Eucalyptus citriodora. Author(s): Low D, Rawal BD, Griffin WJ. Source: Planta Medica. 1974 September; 26(2): 184-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4212944&dopt=Abstract

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Antifungal activity of the volatile oil of Eucalyptus citriodora. Author(s): Ramezani H, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. Source: Fitoterapia. 2002 June; 73(3): 261-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12048022&dopt=Abstract

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Antihyperglycemic actions of Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus) are associated with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic effects in mice. Author(s): Gray AM, Flatt PR.

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Source: The Journal of Nutrition. 1998 December; 128(12): 2319-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9868176&dopt=Abstract •

Anti-tumor-promoting activities of euglobals from Eucalyptus plants. Author(s): Takasaki M, Konoshima T, Kozuka M, Tokuda H. Source: Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1995 March; 18(3): 435-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7550098&dopt=Abstract

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Antiviral activity of Australian tea tree oil and eucalyptus oil against herpes simplex virus in cell culture. Author(s): Schnitzler P, Schon K, Reichling J. Source: Pharmazie. 2001 April; 56(4): 343-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11338678&dopt=Abstract

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Bioactive acylphloroglucinol derivatives from Eucalyptus species. Author(s): Ghisalberti EL. Source: Phytochemistry. 1996 January; 41(1): 7-22. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8588876&dopt=Abstract

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Biotransformation of (-)-borneol by cultured cells of Eucalyptus perriniana. Author(s): Orihara Y, Furuya T. Source: Phytochemistry. 1993 November; 34(4): 1045-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7764236&dopt=Abstract

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Biotransformation of (+)-camphor by cultured cells of Eucalyptus perriniana. Author(s): Orihara Y, Noguchi T, Furuya T. Source: Phytochemistry. 1994 March; 35(4): 941-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7764630&dopt=Abstract

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Cancer chemopreventive activity of euglobal-G1 from leaves of Eucalyptus grandis. Author(s): Takasaki M, Konoshima T, Etoh H, Pal Singh I, Tokuda H, Nishino H. Source: Cancer Letters. 2000 July 3; 155(1): 61-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10814880&dopt=Abstract

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Characterisation of tolbutamide hydroxylase activity in the common brushtail possum, (Trichosurus vulpecula) and koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): inhibition by the eucalyptus terpene 1,8-cineole. Author(s): Liapis P, Pass GJ, McKinnon RA, Stupans I. Source: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : Cbp. 2000 December; 127(3): 351-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11246507&dopt=Abstract

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Characterisation of two distinct HKT1-like potassium transporters from Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Author(s): Fairbairn DJ, Liu W, Schachtman DP, Gomez-Gallego S, Day SR, Teasdale RD. Source: Plant Molecular Biology. 2000 July; 43(4): 515-25. Erratum In: Plant Mol Biol 2001 January; 45(2): 245. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11052203&dopt=Abstract

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Characterization of residual lignin after SO(2)-catalyzed steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis of Eucalyptus viminalis wood chips. Author(s): Ramos LP, Mathias AL, Silva FT, Cotrim AR, Ferraz AL, Chen CL. Source: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 1999 June; 47(6): 2295-302. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10794625&dopt=Abstract

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Characterization of two HKT1 homologues from Eucalyptus camaldulensis that display intrinsic osmosensing capability. Author(s): Liu W, Fairbairn DJ, Reid RJ, Schachtman DP. Source: Plant Physiology. 2001 September; 127(1): 283-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11553756&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical effects and management of eucalyptus oil ingestion in infants and young children. Author(s): Tibballs J. Source: The Medical Journal of Australia. 1995 August 21; 163(4): 177-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7651249&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical microbiological case: fever and headache in a heavy consumer of eucalyptus extract. Author(s): Tascini C, Ferranti S, Gemignani G, Messina F, Menichetti F. Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2002 July; 8(7): 437, 445-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12199856&dopt=Abstract

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Comparative study on the in vitro antibacterial activity of Australian tea tree oil, cajuput oil, niaouli oil, manuka oil, kanuka oil, and eucalyptus oil. Author(s): Harkenthal M, Reichling J, Geiss HK, Saller R. Source: Pharmazie. 1999 June; 54(6): 460-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10399193&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of classical and ultrasound-assisted isolation procedures of cellulose from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus rodustrus Sm.). Author(s): Pappas C, Tarantilis PA, Daliani I, Mavromoustakos T, Polissiou M.


Source: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 2002 January; 9(1): 19-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11602991&dopt=Abstract •

Comparison of four trap types for ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in Brazilian Eucalyptus stands. Author(s): Flechtmann CA, Ottati AL, Berisford CW. Source: Journal of Economic Entomology. 2000 December; 93(6): 1701-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11142301&dopt=Abstract

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Composition and protein quality of honeybee-collected pollen of Eucalyptus marginata and Eucalyptus calophylla. Author(s): Bell RR, Thornber EJ, Seet JL, Groves MT, Ho NP, Bell DT. Source: The Journal of Nutrition. 1983 December; 113(12): 2479-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6655512&dopt=Abstract

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Comprehensive study on the chemical structure of dioxane lignin from plantation Eucalyptus globulus wood. Author(s): Evtuguin DV, Neto CP, Silva AM, Domingues PM, Amado FM, Robert D, Faix O. Source: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2001 September; 49(9): 4252-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11559119&dopt=Abstract

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Contact urticaria due to eucalyptus pollen. Author(s): Vidal C, Cabeza N. Source: Contact Dermatitis. 1992 April; 26(4): 265. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1395567&dopt=Abstract

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Cyanide poisoning of goats from sugar gums (Eucalyptus cladocalyx). Author(s): Webber JJ, Roycroft CR, Callinan JD. Source: Aust Vet J. 1985 January; 62(1): 28. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4004657&dopt=Abstract

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Cypellocarpins A-C, phenol glycosides esterified with oleuropeic acid, from Eucalyptus cypellocarpa. Author(s): Ito H, Koreishi M, Tokuda H, Nishino H, Yoshida T. Source: Journal of Natural Products. 2000 September; 63(9): 1253-7. Erratum In: J Nat Prod 2000 December; 63(12): 1717. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11000030&dopt=Abstract

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Deliberate self-poisoning with eucalyptus oil in an elderly woman. Author(s): Anpalahan M, Le Couteur DG.

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Source: Aust N Z J Med. 1998 February; 28(1): 58. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9544389&dopt=Abstract •

Digestion and metabolism of high-tannin Eucalyptus foliage by the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae). Author(s): Foley WJ, Hume ID. Source: Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology. 1987; 157(1): 67-76. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3571567&dopt=Abstract

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Dispersed polyphosphate in fungal vacuoles in Eucalyptus pilularis/Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhizas. Author(s): Ashford AE, Vesk PA, Orlovich DA, Markovina AL, Allaway WG. Source: Fungal Genetics and Biology : Fg & B. 1999 October; 28(1): 21-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10512669&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of Eucalyptus feeding in the development, survival and reproduction of Tynacantha marginata (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Author(s): Moreira LA, Zanuncio JC, Picanco MC, Guedes RN. Source: Rev Biol Trop. 1997 March; 44-45: 253-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9404523&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of peppermint and eucalyptus oil preparations on neurophysiological and experimental algesimetric headache parameters. Author(s): Gobel H, Schmidt G, Soyka D. Source: Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache. 1994 June; 14(3): 228-34; Discussion 182. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7954745&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of mint and eucalyptus leaves on the physicochemical characteristics of stored wheat against insect infestation. Author(s): Modgil R, Samuels R. Source: Die Nahrung. 1998 October; 42(5): 304-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9829267&dopt=Abstract

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Egg parasitoids of Podisus sculptus distant (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in an Eucalyptus plantation in the Brazilian amazonian region. Author(s): Zanuncio JC, Oliveira HN, Torres JB, Pratissoli D. Source: Rev Biol Trop. 2000 December; 48(4): 989-92. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11487944&dopt=Abstract

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Ellagic acid rhamnosides from the stem bark of Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Kim JP, Lee IK, Yun BS, Chung SH, Shim GS, Koshino H, Yoo ID.


Source: Phytochemistry. 2001 June; 57(4): 587-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11394863&dopt=Abstract •

Emission of isoprene from salt-stressed Eucalyptus globulus leaves. Author(s): Loreto F, Delfine S. Source: Plant Physiology. 2000 August; 123(4): 1605-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10938376&dopt=Abstract

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Environmental isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from Eucalyptus tereticornis. Author(s): Pfeiffer TJ, Ellis DH. Source: Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology : Bi-Monthly Publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. 1992; 30(5): 407-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1469544&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptone from Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Osawa K, Yasuda H, Morita H, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Source: Phytochemistry. 1995 September; 40(1): 183-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7546549&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus globulus (camphor oil) in the treatment of human demodicidosis. Author(s): Morsy TA, Morsy GH, Sanad EM. Source: J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2002 December; 32(3): 797-803. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512812&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus has a functional equivalent of the Arabidopsis floral meristem identity gene LEAFY. Author(s): Southerton SG, Strauss SH, Olive MR, Harcourt RL, Decroocq V, Zhu X, Llewellyn DJ, Peacock WJ, Dennis ES. Source: Plant Molecular Biology. 1998 August; 37(6): 897-910. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9700063&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus has functional equivalents of the Arabidopsis AP1 gene. Author(s): Kyozuka J, Harcourt R, Peacock WJ, Dennis ES. Source: Plant Molecular Biology. 1997 November; 35(5): 573-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9349279&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil ingestion. Author(s): Hindle RC. Source: N Z Med J. 1994 May 11; 107(977): 185-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8177581&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil poisoning among young children: mechanisms of access and the potential for prevention. Author(s): Day LM, Ozanne-Smith J, Parsons BJ, Dobbin M, Tibballs J. Source: Aust N Z J Public Health. 1997 June; 21(3): 297-302. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9270157&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil poisoning in childhood: 41 cases in south-east Queensland. Author(s): Webb NJ, Pitt WR. Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 1993 October; 29(5): 368-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8240865&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil poisoning. Author(s): Patel S, Wiggins J. Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood. 1980 May; 55(5): 405-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7436478&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil: 14 cases of exposure. Author(s): Spoerke DG, Vandenberg SA, Smolinske SC, Kulig K, Rumack BH. Source: Vet Hum Toxicol. 1989 April; 31(2): 166-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2929128&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus oil: therapeutic and toxic aspects of pharmacology in humans and animals. Author(s): Whitman BW, Ghazizadeh H. Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 1994 April; 30(2): 190-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8198860&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus vapor causing Aspergillus in sputum smears. Author(s): Vidal C, Gonzalez Quintela A, Martin F. Source: Ann Allergy. 1991 April; 66(4): 355-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2014940&dopt=Abstract

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Eucalyptus: a sustainable self-delivery molluscicide? Author(s): Hammond JA, Fielding D, Nuru H. Source: Veterinary Research Communications. 1994; 18(5): 359-65. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7863607&dopt=Abstract

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Euglobal-In-1, a new euglobal from Eucalyptus incrassata. Author(s): Takasaki M, Konoshima T, Kozuka M, Haruna M, Ito K, Crow WD, Paton DM.


Source: Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1994 October; 42(10): 2113-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7805137&dopt=Abstract •

Evaluation of a eucalyptus-based repellent against Anopheles spp. in Tanzania. Author(s): Trigg JK. Source: J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1996 June; 12(2 Pt 1): 243-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8827599&dopt=Abstract

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Evaluation of a eucalyptus-based repellent against Culicoides impunctatus (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae) in Scotland. Author(s): Trigg JK. Source: J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1996 June; 12(2 Pt 1): 329-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8827615&dopt=Abstract

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Evaluation of acute toxicity and genotoxicity of liquid products from pyrolysis of Eucalyptus grandis wood. Author(s): Pimenta AS, Bayona JM, Garcia MT, Solanas AM. Source: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 2000 February; 38(2): 169-75. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10629278&dopt=Abstract

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Expressed sequence tags of randomly selected cDNA clones from Eucalyptus globulus-Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhiza. Author(s): Tagu D, Martin F. Source: Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1995 September-October; 8(5): 781-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7579623&dopt=Abstract

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F1 hybrid inviability in eucalyptus: the case of E. ovata x E. globulus. Author(s): Lopez GA, Potts BM, Tilyard PA. Source: Heredity. 2000 September; 85 Pt 3: 242-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11012727&dopt=Abstract

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Fair dinkum koala kuisine--eucalyptus oil poisoning. Author(s): Mack RB. Source: N C Med J. 1988 November; 49(11): 599-600. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2904658&dopt=Abstract

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Flavonoids in monospecific eucalyptus honeys from Australia. Author(s): Martos I, Ferreres F, Yao L, D'Arcy B, Caffin N, Tomas-Barberan FA. Source: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2000 October; 48(10): 4744-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11052728&dopt=Abstract

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Foliar nutrient retranslocation in Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Saur E, Nambiar EK, Fife DN. Source: Tree Physiology. 2000 October; 20(16): 1105-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11269962&dopt=Abstract

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Forager size of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a mature eucalyptus forest in Brazil. Author(s): Tonhasca A Jr, Braganca MA. Source: Rev Biol Trop. 2000 December; 48(4): 983-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11487943&dopt=Abstract

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Genetic linkage maps of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla using a pseudo-testcross: mapping strategy and RAPD markers. Author(s): Grattapaglia D, Sederoff R. Source: Genetics. 1994 August; 137(4): 1121-37. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7982566&dopt=Abstract

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Germination of stress-tolerant Eucalyptus pollen. Author(s): Heslop-Harrison J, Heslop-Harrison Y. Source: Journal of Cell Science. 1985 February; 73: 135-57. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4019590&dopt=Abstract

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How well can common brushtail possums regulate their intake of Eucalyptus toxins? Author(s): Stapley J, Foley WJ, Cunningham R, Eschler B. Source: Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology. 2000 May; 170(3): 211-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10841261&dopt=Abstract

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Hydrolyzable tannins and related polyphenols from Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Hou AJ, Liu YZ, Yang H, Lin ZW, Sun HD. Source: Journal of Asian Natural Products Research. 2000; 2(3): 205-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11256694&dopt=Abstract

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Identification of flavonoid markers for the botanical origin of Eucalyptus honey. Author(s): Martos I, Ferreres F, Tomas-Barberan FA. Source: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2000 May; 48(5): 1498-502. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10820049&dopt=Abstract

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Identification of symbiosis-regulated genes in Eucalyptus globulus-Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhiza by differential hybridization of arrayed cDNAs. Author(s): Voiblet C, Duplessis S, Encelot N, Martin F.


Source: The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology. 2001 January; 25(2): 181-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11169194&dopt=Abstract •

In vitro evaluation of surfactants with eucalyptus oil for respiratory distress syndrome. Author(s): Banerjee R, Bellare JR. Source: Respiration Physiology. 2001 June; 126(2): 141-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11348641&dopt=Abstract

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Induction of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in the common brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula, by Eucalyptus terpenes. Author(s): Pass GJ, McLean S, Stupans I. Source: Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1999 November; 124(3): 239-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10661715&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of light availability on leaf structure and growth of two Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus provenances. Author(s): James SA, Bell DT. Source: Tree Physiology. 2000 September; 20(15): 1007-18. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11305455&dopt=Abstract

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Introduction of specific carbohydrates into Eucalyptus gunnii cells increases their freezing tolerance. Author(s): Leborgne N, Teulieres C, Travert S, Rols MP, Teissie J, Boudet AM. Source: European Journal of Biochemistry / Febs. 1995 May 1; 229(3): 710-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7758467&dopt=Abstract

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Isolation and characterization of macrocarpals B--G antibacterial compounds from Eucalyptus macrocarpa. Author(s): Yamakoshi Y, Murata M, Shimizu A, Homma S. Source: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 1992 October; 56(10): 1570-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1369057&dopt=Abstract

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Isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from Eucalyptus camaldulensis in India. Author(s): Chakrabarti A, Jatana M, Kumar P, Chatha L, Kaushal A, Padhye AA. Source: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 1997 December; 35(12): 3340-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9399553&dopt=Abstract

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Lead concentrations in Eucalyptus sp. in a small coastal town. Author(s): Halliwell D, Turoczy N, Stagnitti F.

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Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 2000 November; 65(5): 583-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11014841&dopt=Abstract •

Lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity of some constituents isolated from the stem bark of Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Yun BS, Lee IK, Kim JP, Chung SH, Shim GS, Yoo ID. Source: Arch Pharm Res. 2000 April; 23(2): 147-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10836740&dopt=Abstract

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Macrocarpals H, I, and J from the Leaves of Eucalyptus globulus. Author(s): Osawa K, Yasuda H, Morita H, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Source: Journal of Natural Products. 1996 September; 59(9): 823-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8864235&dopt=Abstract

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Mass, temperature and metabolic effects on discontinuous gas exchange cycles in eucalyptus-boring beetles (Coleoptera: cerambycidae). Author(s): Chappell MA, Rogowitz GL. Source: The Journal of Experimental Biology. 2000 December; 203 Pt 24: 3809-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11076743&dopt=Abstract

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Mast cell involvement in the rat paw oedema response to 1,8-cineole, the main constituent of eucalyptus and rosemary oils. Author(s): Santos FA, Rao VS. Source: European Journal of Pharmacology. 1997 July 23; 331(2-3): 253-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9274987&dopt=Abstract

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Metabolism of Eucalyptus terpenes by herbivorous marsupials. Author(s): McLean S, Foley WJ. Source: Drug Metabolism Reviews. 1997 February-May; 29(1-2): 213-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9187519&dopt=Abstract

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Molluscicidal effects of eucalyptus. Author(s): Kloos H, McCullough F. Source: The Veterinary Record. 1982 August 14; 111(7): 148. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7123836&dopt=Abstract

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Molluscicidal effects of eucalyptus. Author(s): Broberg G. Source: The Veterinary Record. 1982 May 29; 110(22): 526. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7101717&dopt=Abstract


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Monitoring biogenic volatile compounds emitted by Eucalyptus citriodora using SPME. Author(s): Zini CA, Augusto F, Christensen TE, Smith BP, Caramao EB, Pawliszy J. Source: Analytical Chemistry. 2001 October 1; 73(19): 4729-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11605854&dopt=Abstract

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Multi-enzymatic glucosylation using Eucalyptus UDP-glucosyltransferase coupled UDPglucose-fermentation by bakers' yeast. Author(s): Nakajima N, Ishihara K, Hamada H, Yamane S, Nakamura K, Furuya T. Source: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 1999 May; 63(5): 934-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10380636&dopt=Abstract

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Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Eucalyptus. Author(s): Feuillet C, Boudet AM, Grima-Pettenati J. Source: Plant Physiology. 1993 December; 103(4): 1447. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8290634&dopt=Abstract

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Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase from Eucalyptus. Author(s): Poeydomenge O, Marolda M, Boudet AM, Grima-Pettenati J. Source: Plant Physiology. 1995 April; 107(4): 1455-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7770532&dopt=Abstract

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Nucleotide sequence of a Eucalyptus botryoides gene encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Author(s): Hibino T, Chen JQ, Shibata D, Higuchi T. Source: Plant Physiology. 1994 January; 104(1): 305-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7906894&dopt=Abstract

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Phenolic compounds from Eucalyptus maculata. Author(s): Abdel-Sattar E, Kohiel MA, Shihata IA, el-Askary H. Source: Pharmazie. 2000 August; 55(8): 623-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10989845&dopt=Abstract

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Polyphenols from Eucalyptus consideniana and Eucalyptus viminalis. Author(s): Santos SC, Waterman PG. Source: Fitoterapia. 2001 January; 72(1): 95-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11163955&dopt=Abstract

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Polyphenols from Eucalyptus ovata. Author(s): Santos SC, Waterman PG.

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Source: Fitoterapia. 2001 March; 72(3): 316-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11295317&dopt=Abstract •

Response of Eucalyptus tereticornis to inoculation with indigenous AM fungi in a semiarid alfisol achieved with different concentrations of available soil P. Author(s): Sharma MP, Adholeya A. Source: Microbiological Research. 2000 March; 154(4): 349-54. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10772157&dopt=Abstract

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Response of human ciliated respiratory cells to a mixture of menthol, eucalyptus oil and pine needle oil. Author(s): Riechelmann H, Brommer C, Hinni M, Martin C. Source: Arzneimittel-Forschung. 1997 September; 47(9): 1035-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9342418&dopt=Abstract

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Scroggie JG: Eucalyptus oil poisoning treated by dialysis and mannitol infusion, with an appendix on the analysis of biological fluids for alcohol and eucalyptol. Author(s): Gurr FW. Source: Australas Ann Med. 1965 August; 14(3): 238-49. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5862649&dopt=Abstract

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Sideroxylonal C, a new inhibitor of human plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1, from the flowers of Eucalyptus albens. Author(s): Neve J, Leone PA, Carroll AR, Moni RW, Paczkowski NJ, Pierens G, Bjorquist P, Deinum J, Ehnebom J, Inghardt T, Guymer G, Grimshaw P, Quinn RJ. Source: Journal of Natural Products. 1999 February; 62(2): 324-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10075775&dopt=Abstract

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Solid phase microextraction of volatile constituents from individual fresh Eucalyptus leaves of three species. Author(s): Betts TJ. Source: Planta Medica. 2000 March; 66(2): 193-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10763604&dopt=Abstract

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Spasmolytic constituents from Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. obtusa leaves. Author(s): Begum S, Farhat F, Sultana I, Siddiqui BS, Shaheen F, Gilani AH. Source: Journal of Natural Products. 2000 September; 63(9): 1265-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11000033&dopt=Abstract

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Spatial distribution of Eucalyptus roots in a deep sandy soil in the Congo: relationships with the ability of the stand to take up water and nutrients. Author(s): Laclau JP, Arnaud M, Bouillet JP, Ranger J.


Source: Tree Physiology. 2001 February; 21(2-3): 129-36. Erratum In: Tree Physiol 2001 June; 21(9): 631-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11303643&dopt=Abstract •

Stable carbon isotope discrimination: an indicator of cumulative salinity and boron stress in Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Author(s): Poss JA, Grattan SR, Suarez DL, Grieve CM. Source: Tree Physiology. 2000 October; 20(16): 1121-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11269964&dopt=Abstract

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Structure and spasmolytic activity of eucalyptanoic acid from Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. obtusa and synthesis of its active derivative from oleanolic acid. Author(s): Begum S, Sultana I, Siddiqui BS, Shaheen F, Gilani AH. Source: Journal of Natural Products. 2002 December; 65(12): 1939-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12502346&dopt=Abstract

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Structures of euglobal-G1, -G2, and -G3 from Eucalyptus grandis, three new inhibitors of Epstein-Barr virus activation. Author(s): Takasaki M, Konoshima T, Shingu T, Tokuda H, Nishino H, Iwashima A, Kozuka M. Source: Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1990 May; 38(5): 1444-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2168298&dopt=Abstract

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Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of lipids from Eucalyptus globulus wood. Author(s): Gonzalez-Vila FJ, Bautista JM, Gutierrez A, Del Rio JC, Gonzalez AG. Source: Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods. 2000 July 5; 43(1-3): 345-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10869686&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of camphor, eucalyptus and menthol vapour on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation. Author(s): Burrow A, Eccles R, Jones AS. Source: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 1983 July-August; 96(1-2): 157-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6613544&dopt=Abstract

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The formation of polyphenols in trees. 2. The polyphenols of Eucalyptus sieberiana kino. Author(s): Hillis WE. Source: The Biochemical Journal. 1964 September; 92(3): 516-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5837436&dopt=Abstract

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The inhibitory effect of funoran and eucalyptus extract-containing chewing gum on plaque formation. Author(s): Sato S, Yoshinuma N, Ito K, Tokumoto T, Takiguchi T, Suzuki Y, Murai S.

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Source: J Oral Sci. 1998 September; 40(3): 115-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9838746&dopt=Abstract •

The use of Chinese herbs folium ilicis chinensis decoction plus eucalyptus distillate for preoperative preparation of intestinal tract. Author(s): Miao TJ, Xiong RC. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1984 June; 4(2): 149-52. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6567729&dopt=Abstract

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Time course of fungal removal of lipophilic extractives from Eucalyptus globulus wood. Author(s): Martinez-Inigo MJ, Gutierrez A, del Rio JC, Martinez MJ, Martinez AT. Source: Journal of Biotechnology. 2001 November 30; 84(2): 119-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11090683&dopt=Abstract

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Tolerance of salinized floodplain conditions in a naturally occurring Eucalyptus hybrid related to lowered plant water potential. Author(s): Zubrinich TM, Loveys B, Gallasch S, Seekamp JV, Tyerman SD. Source: Tree Physiology. 2000 August; 20(14): 953-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11303570&dopt=Abstract

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Topical eucalyptus oil poisoning. Author(s): Darben T, Cominos B, Lee CT. Source: The Australasian Journal of Dermatology. 1998 November; 39(4): 265-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9838728&dopt=Abstract

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Triterpenoidal constituents from Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. obtusa leaves. Author(s): Siddiqui BS, Sultana I, Begum S. Source: Phytochemistry. 2000 August; 54(8): 861-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11014279&dopt=Abstract

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Ursolic acid isolated from Eucalyptus tereticornis protects against ethanol toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Author(s): Saraswat B, Visen PK, Agarwal DP. Source: Phytotherapy Research : Ptr. 2000 May; 14(3): 163-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10815008&dopt=Abstract

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Use of bacteriophage for the selective isolation of thermophilic actinomycetes from composted eucalyptus bark. Author(s): Kurtboke DI, Murphy NE, Sivasithamparam K.


Source: Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 1993 January; 39(1): 46-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8439873&dopt=Abstract

Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering CAM and related topics. The following is a representative sample: •

Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.: http://www.herbmed.org/

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AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=169&layer=&from=subcats

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Chinese Medicine: http://www.newcenturynutrition.com/

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drkoop.com: http://www.drkoop.com/InteractiveMedicine/IndexC.html

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Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_altn.htm

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Alternative/

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Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

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MedWebPlus: http://medwebplus.com/subject/Alternative_and_Complementary_Medicine

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Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Alternative/

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HealthGate: http://www.tnp.com/

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WebMDHealth: http://my.webmd.com/drugs_and_herbs

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WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,00.html

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Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Alternative_Medicine/

The following is a specific Web list relating to eucalyptus; please note that any particular subject below may indicate either a therapeutic use, or a contraindication (potential danger), and does not reflect an official recommendation: •

General Overview Aches Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Asthma Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Bronchitis Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Bronchitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Common Cold/Sore Throat Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Cough Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Cough Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Emphysema Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Flu Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Genital Herpes Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Infection Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Influenza Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Insect Bites and Stings Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Joint Pain Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pain Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pertussis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pulmonary Hypertension Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Respiratory Ailments Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Rheumatoid Arthritis Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com


Sinus Congestion Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Sinus Headache Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Sinus Infection Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Sinusitis Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Sinusitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Tension Headache Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Whooping Cough Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com •

Alternative Therapy Aromatherapy Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Aromatherapy Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC.; www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,664,00.html Didgeridoo Vibrational Healing Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/d.html

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Chinese Medicine Anyou Alternative names: Eucalyptus Oil; Oleum Eucalypti Source: Chinese Materia Medica

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Herbs and Supplements Aloe Alternative names: Aloe vera L. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Arnica Alternative names: Arnica montana L. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org

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Australian Fevertree Alternative names: Eucalyptus Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Betula Alternative names: Birch; Betula sp. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Eucalyptus Alternative names: Eucalyptus globulus Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Eucalyptus Alternative names: Australian Fevertree Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Eucalyptus Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC.; www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,778,00.html Eucalyptus Globulus Alternative names: Eucalyptus Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Herbal Decongestant Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC.; www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,949,00.html Juniperus Alternative names: Juniper; Juniperus sp. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Lavandula Alternative names: Lavender; Lavandula sp. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Melaleuca Alternative names: Tea Tree Oil; Melaleuca alternifolia Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Mentha Alternative names: Pennyroyal; Mentha/Hedeoma pulegium Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Ocimum Alternative names: Basil, Albahaca; Ocimum basilicum Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org


Peppermint Alternative names: Mentha piperita Source: Healthnotes, Inc.; www.healthnotes.com Peppermint Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC.; www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,812,00.html Plantago Psyllium Alternative names: Psyllium, Ispaghula; Plantago psyllium/ovata Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Rosmarinus Alternative names: Rosemary; Rosmarinus officinalis L. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Ruta Alternative names: Rue; Ruta graveolens L. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Sassafras Alternative names: Sassafras albidum (Nuttall) Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Syzygium Clove Alternative names: Clove, Jamun; Syzygium sp. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Thuja Plicata Alternative names: Western Red Cedar Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Thymus Alternative names: Thyme; Thymus vulgaris Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org

General References A good place to find general background information on CAM is the National Library of Medicine. It has prepared within the MEDLINEplus system an information topic page dedicated to complementary and alternative medicine. To access this page, go to the MEDLINEplus site at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/alternativemedicine.html. This Web site provides a general overview of various topics and can lead to a number of general sources.

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CHAPTER 4. DISSERTATIONS ON EUCALYPTUS Overview In this chapter, we will give you a bibliography on recent dissertations relating to eucalyptus. We will also provide you with information on how to use the Internet to stay current on dissertations. IMPORTANT NOTE: When following the search strategy described below, you may discover non-medical dissertations that use the generic term “eucalyptus” (or a synonym) in their titles. To accurately reflect the results that you might find while conducting research on eucalyptus, we have not necessarily excluded nonmedical dissertations in this bibliography.

Dissertations on Eucalyptus ProQuest Digital Dissertations, the largest archive of academic dissertations available, is located at the following Web address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations. From this archive, we have compiled the following list covering dissertations devoted to eucalyptus. You will see that the information provided includes the dissertation’s title, its author, and the institution with which the author is associated. The following covers recent dissertations found when using this search procedure: •

An Analysis of the Future Productivity of Eucalyptus Grandis Plantations in the Cerrado Region in Brazil a Nutrient Cycling Approach by Ferreira, Maria Das Graccedilas M; PhD from The University of British Columbia (Canada), 1985 http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/NL22392

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Charcoal Production from Eucalyptus in Southern Bahia for Iron and Steel Manufacture in Minas Gerais, Brazil by Nogueira, Uziel Batista, PhD from Michigan State University, 1980, 88 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/8112129

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Investment Analysis of Eucalyptus Plantations in Thailand Based on Financial Risk and Return by Kongsom, Chaiwat; PhD from Mississippi State University, 2002, 102 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3043164

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•

Molecular Plant-Pathogen Interactions with Special Reference to Eucalyptus Grandis Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Proteins and Fungal Polygalacturonases by Chimwamurombe, Percy Maruwa; PhD from University of Pretoria (South Africa), 2002 http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/f270193

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Organic Mulches: I. Decomposition and Nitrogen Mineralization in Mulch and Soil Layers. II. Effects of Eucalyptus Mulch on Avocado Tree Fine Root Growth by Valenzuela-Solano, Cesar; PhD from University of California, Riverside, 2003, 137 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3079000

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Production Ecology of Clonal Eucalyptus Plantations in Northeastern Brazil by Stape, Jose Luiz; PhD from Colorado State University, 2002, 225 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3064023

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The Nature of the Timber Production Function Eucalyptus Grandis W. Hill Ex Maiden in Brazil by Couto, Laercio; PhD from University of Toronto (Canada), 1983 http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/NK59763

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Virulence and Isoenzyme Patterns of Cryphonectria Cubensis (Bruner) Hodges, Causal Agent of the Eucalyptus Canker by Alfenas, Acelino Couto; PhD from University of Toronto (Canada), 1983 http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/NK59759

Keeping Current Ask the medical librarian at your library if it has full and unlimited access to the ProQuest Digital Dissertations database. From the library, you should be able to do more complete searches via http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations.

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CHAPTER 5. PATENTS ON EUCALYPTUS Overview Patents can be physical innovations (e.g. chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment) or processes (e.g. treatments or diagnostic procedures). The United States Patent and Trademark Office defines a patent as a grant of a property right to the inventor, issued by the Patent and Trademark Office.8 Patents, therefore, are intellectual property. For the United States, the term of a new patent is 20 years from the date when the patent application was filed. If the inventor wishes to receive economic benefits, it is likely that the invention will become commercially available within 20 years of the initial filing. It is important to understand, therefore, that an inventor’s patent does not indicate that a product or service is or will be commercially available. The patent implies only that the inventor has “the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling” the invention in the United States. While this relates to U.S. patents, similar rules govern foreign patents. In this chapter, we show you how to locate information on patents and their inventors. If you find a patent that is particularly interesting to you, contact the inventor or the assignee for further information. IMPORTANT NOTE: When following the search strategy described below, you may discover non-medical patents that use the generic term “eucalyptus” (or a synonym) in their titles. To accurately reflect the results that you might find while conducting research on eucalyptus, we have not necessarily excluded nonmedical patents in this bibliography.

Patents on Eucalyptus By performing a patent search focusing on eucalyptus, you can obtain information such as the title of the invention, the names of the inventor(s), the assignee(s) or the company that owns or controls the patent, a short abstract that summarizes the patent, and a few excerpts from the description of the patent. The abstract of a patent tends to be more technical in nature, while the description is often written for the public. Full patent descriptions contain much more information than is presented here (e.g. claims, references, figures, diagrams, etc.). We will tell you how to obtain this information later in the chapter. The following is an 8Adapted

from the United States Patent and Trademark Office: http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/doc/general/whatis.htm.

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example of the type of information that you can expect to obtain from a patent search on eucalyptus: •

Analgesic and antiphlogistic compositions and therapeutic wrap for topical delivery Inventor(s): Archer; Heidi K. (Sterling, VA), Pettit; Mitchell S. (Bethesda, MD) Assignee(s): Niblick Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Washington, DC) Patent Number: 5,976,547 Date filed: April 22, 1997 Abstract: The present invention relates to topical over-the-counter and prescription strength analgesic and antiphlogistic blended compositions which are useful for reducing inflammation and providing relief from both peripheral and central pain as well as to a flexible therapeutic wrap for topical delivery of said blended compositions. More particularly, the invention is a blended composition comprising from about 3% to about 30% by weight of extract of arnica montana in combination with an effective amount of one or more therapeutic or pharmaceutical agents selected from the group consisting of menthol crystal, camphor, oil of mint, eucalyptus oil, guaifenesin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, topical analgesics, or transdermal opioid analgesics blended in either a pluronic lecithin organogel (PLO) or a petrolatum base. The particular agents selected and the percent composition of each selected ingredient in a given blend being determined by the needs and sensitivities of the given patient. Excerpt(s): A wealth of problems are known to be associated with the oral ingestion of pharmaceutical agents. For instance, due to sensitivities, many patients experience gastrointestinal irritation and intolerance from a single dose. Many others develop such intolerance as a result of prolonged treatment or develop other more severe gastrointestinal irritations such as ulceration. Further, patients present with widely differing metabolisms resulting in unpredictably variable rates of absorption. In addition, any oral treatment carries with it often unpredictable risks for side effects. The risks and problems associated with oral introduction of medication are magnified when treating chronic pain such as peripheral neuropathic pain associated with diseases such as diabetes melitis, chronic renal failure, myeloma, cancer, and hypothyroidism. Repeated doses of oral medication are known to compound any negative effect on the stomach and intestinal tract. Moreover, many of the patients suffering from chronic illnesses are senior citizens who are even more susceptible to the risks and side effects from oral medication. Similarly, when a child presents with acute or chronic illness, it is particularly desirable to avoid the risks of side effects and the damage caused from repeated ingestion of medication. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05976547__

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Analgesic anti-inflammatory composition and method of preparing from dodonaea sp Inventor(s): Janakiram; Chodavarapu (C.I.J.R. Technical Consultancy Services and Research Foundation, 805 Asisa, New Delhi 110 001, IN), Khalilullah; Mahmud (C.I.J.R. Technical Consultacy Services and Research Foundation, 805 Asisa, New Delhi 110 001, IN) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 6,143,303 Date filed: August 14, 1999 Abstract: An anti-inflammatory, analgesic composition is prepared using an extract from a plant of the family Dodonaea in a dermatologically acceptable carrier, with or without a dermal absorption enhancer such as eucalyptus oil. The extract is prepared by solvent extraction of the plant matter, either whole or separated into various parts, such as leaves, bark, seeds, roots and flowers. Excerpt(s): The instant invention relates generally to topically-applied pharmaceutical compositions for providing analgesic and anti-inflammatory relief in humans and more specifically to compositions containing an extract of the Hop Bush plant (Dodonaea sp.). The invention also relates to a process for preparing such a therapeutic extract from the raw plant material of the Hop Bush plant. Topical compositions for providing pain relief and anti-inflammatory action are known in the art, For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,178,879 (Adekunle, M. et al., Jan. 12, 1993) discloses a topical pain relief gel containing capsaicin, water, alcohol and a carboxypolymethylene emulsifier. U.S. Pat. No. 5,288,491 (Moniz, H., Feb. 22, 1994) discloses a method for processing the noni (Morinda citrifolia) plant into powder for use in therapeutic compositions. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06143303__

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Antimicrobial composition Inventor(s): Morris; Sandra (Norfolk, GB), Ryan; Robert Eugene (Norfolk, GB) Assignee(s): Barrier Biotech Limited (Norfolk, GB) Patent Number: 6,352,702 Date filed: May 26, 2000 Abstract: There is disclosed an antimicrobial composition comprising an antimicrobially effective amount of clove bud oil and two or more of eucalyptus oil, cajaput oil, lemongrass, lavender or tea tree oils. Use of the composition as a treatment for cold sores, head lice, vaginal thrush, verruca, warts, athletes foot, an antimicrobial mouth wash in addition to a surface cleaner are also disclosed. Excerpt(s): The present invention is concerned with an antimicrobial composition, and in particular with such a composition the active ingredient of which comprises natural or essential oils. Essential oils have been used previously for use as antiviral or antibacterial agents. For example, clove bud oils have been previously described having antiseptic, antiviral and larvicidal capabilities. The present inventors have surprisingly found that a composition having a particular blend of essential oils exhibits a particularly synergistic and broad spectrum antimicrobial effect, and which composition has never previously been described. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06352702__

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Antimicrobial composition formulated with essential oils Inventor(s): DeAth; Joy (Port Perry, CA), DeAth; S. Samuel (Waterdown, CA) Assignee(s): Scentsible Life Products, A division of Laid Back Designs Ltd. (Flamborough, CA) Patent Number: 6,346,281 Date filed: May 5, 2000 Abstract: An antimicrobial composition and more particularly a germicidal spray for sanitizing and disinfecting surfaces including leather, wood, metal, plastic and fabric, comprises a mixture of essential oils capable of being dissolved or dispersed by a solvent in a water carrier. The mixture of essential oils preferably comprises thyme, lemongrass, clove and eucalyptus. The composition may include an ionizing agent such as Blue Stone ions which speeds up the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils. The product of the invention is completely natural and non-toxic to adults and children even if swallowed. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to disinfecting and cleaning compositions, and more particularly, to antimicrobial compositions for disinfecting, sanitizing or cleaning porous and non-porous surfaces including plastic, metal, fabric, wood, leather and skin. It is now well recognized that many contagious diseases are transmitted by touching unsanitized surfaces, and that disease causing germs are able to survive on some surfaces for up to five weeks. Surfaces of concern include counters and other food preparation areas, bathroom fixtures, and toys and other surfaces accessible to children in daycare facilities, as children tend to share toys and spread germs on a seemingly continuous basis. The prevention of disease is much more effective than treatment. There is therefore a need for products which safely control germs on surfaces. A number of products have been developed for the purpose of disinfecting and cleaning various surfaces. Many of these products use toxic, poisonous chemicals. Every year, hundreds of thousands of children are accidentally poisoned by toxic products. Some of these products are difficult and inconvenient to use. Others must be wiped off by a cloth, and cloths are sometimes often a source of more germs than those originally on the surface. There is accordingly a growing need for more natural and less toxic disinfectants. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06346281__

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Bactericides Inventor(s): Takahashi; Tetsunari (Tokyo, JP) Assignee(s): Eishogen Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, JP), Oji Paper Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, JP) Patent Number: 6,352,727 Date filed: September 11, 2000 Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a bactericide (and a fungicide) that is highly safe and has strong bactericidal power even when used in low concentration, and that can be used repeatedly in a sterilizing process.The object can be achieved by the bactericide (or the fungicide) comprising a polar solvent extract of leaves of eucalyptus plants and chitosan. The polar solvent is preferably chosen from the group consisting of lower alcohols and glycols. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a bactericide (and a fungicide) originated from natural products. More specifically, the present invention relates to a bactericide

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(and a fungicide) containing an extract obtained by extraction from leaves of eucalyptus plants into a polar organic solvent and chitosan, or a bactericide (and a fungicide) containing glycerol fatty acid ester in addition to the above-mentioned components, which has strong and persistent bactericidal (or fungicidal) power and high safety. The bactericide (and a fungicide) of the present invention can be used at home, restaurants, medical facilities, old-age homes, abattoir facilities, cattle sheds, chicken houses, and the like. Particularly, the present invention is useful as a bactericide (and a fungicide) for preventing an acne, athlete's foot. There are about six hundred species of eucalyptus plants, of which an essential oil or an ethanol extract or the like are used as pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, food additives and perfumery, such as pharmaceuticals for asthma, preservatives, aromatic substances (Hiroyuki Nishimura, "Mirai no Seibutsu Shigen Yukari", 1987). It has been reported that cineole that is a major component of eucalyptus essential oil has an effect as antiseptics, or enhances an effect of antibacterial substance (bisbiguanide compound) (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open publication (KOKAI) publication No. Sho 62-289511). It has been reported that grandinol isolated from an organic solvent extract of Eucalyptus perriniana (Agric. Biol. Chem., 54, 1, 231, 1990) and Macrocarpal-A isolated from Eucalyptus macrocarpa (Agric. Biol. Chem., 54, 12, 3221) have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06352727__ •

Composition and method of treating nail infections Inventor(s): Lee; Ronald Eugene (Garrettsville, OH) Assignee(s): All Nature's Solutions L.L.C. (Garrettsville, OH) Patent Number: 6,413,555 Date filed: December 29, 2000 Abstract: Infections of toe nails and finger nails caused by fungi and yeast are treated topically by applying a liquid mixture of natural ingredients to the infected area. The mixture includes the essential oils of between about 10 and about 17 ml. of tea tree; between about 10 and about 17 ml. of lavender oil, and between about 1 and about 3.5 ml. of eucalyptus oil in a total of 30 ml. of liquid. All of the ingredients preferably are pharmaceutical grade for the best results. The liquid mixture is typically applied to the affected area once or twice a day for a period of at least two months until the infection is cured. A few drops of the composition can also be placed into the toe box of shoes and the toe portion of slippers when not being worn to prevent re-infection. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to the treatment of fungal and yeast infections of the nails on the hands and the toes and to topical formulations that are useful for such treatment. A common problem affecting many people is an infection called Onychomycosis caused by fungi and yeast that attack nails, and particularly toe nails. Fungi called dermatophytes are the most frequent cause of invasion of the nail. The fungi feed off the nail protein called keratin. Although the fungi are unsightly, and turns the toe nails scaly, yellow, brown or black, some people have no discomfort from the infection and, in fact, live with the condition for years and even decades. For others, however, the infection can adversely affect the quality of life when it is accompanied by itching, swelling, and general irritation. It can also lead to more serious complications including secondary bacterial infections. For instance, when an individual has impaired circulation to the feet, common among diabetics, the damage done by the fungus can permit a bacterial infection to begin in the feet. This infection may result in foot and ankle ulcers, may lead to blood poisoning and, in some cases, can lead to gangrene,

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thereby necessitating amputation of the foot or leg. The most frequently isolated dermatophyte is called Trichophyton rubrum. It is caused by organisms that are present everywhere. These organisms may be picked up by the feet from the floor of commonly shared bathrooms, decks of swimming pools, beaches, by walking barefoot, or by direct contact with another carrier of the organism. Other ways of contracting the infection are through the shared use of towels, soap and cosmetics. Also, they may be spread through the improper cleaning of dermatology equipment at nail salons. Even new shoes and slippers may carry the organism. The use of an anti-fungal soap for bathing, and thoroughly drying feet and hands after bathing, can help to reduce the likelihood of contamination. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06413555__ •

Composition for repelling ticks Inventor(s): Partelow; Scott E. (P.O. Box 2235, Sag Harbor, NY 11963) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 6,300,324 Date filed: January 4, 1999 Abstract: A composition (10) for repelling ticks and other insects contains a combination of plant extracts (14) in a topical liquid carrier (12). The plant extracts (14) include lavender (26), rosemary (30), thyme (32), aloe vera (28) and eucalyptus (34). The composition can further include one or more vitamins (18) such as Vitamin B.sub.1 (36), Vitamin B.sub.6 (38), Vitamin B.sub.12 (40) and Vitamin C (42). Lecithin (16) may be included as an additional insect repelling component and also to assist dispersion of the various active components in the liquid carrier (12). Excerpt(s): Most commercial insect repellents contain, as the primary active component, the chemical diethytoluamide (DEET). Recently, however, many concerns have been raised regarding the topical administration of compositions containing DEET, particularly among children. These concerns have resulted in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announcing that it is now banning manufacturers from claiming any DEET-containing composition to be "safe for kids." Even when used properly by adults, DEET has been known to cause rashes, seizures and irritability. Accordingly, DEET-free insect repellents are finding favor with consumers. The instant invention relates generally to topically applied compositions for repelling insects and more specifically to compositions made from natural products for repelling ticks. Compositions for repelling or killing insects are known in the art. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,759,930 (Granirer, M. S. et al., Jul. 26, 1988) discloses an insecticidal composition which contains pyrethrum, rotenone, or both, and one or more of the following: eucalyptus, rosemary, peppermint and boric acid. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06300324__

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Creped tissue product having a low friction surface and improved wet strength Inventor(s): Anderson; Ralph L. (Marietta, GA), Hepford; Richard R. (Folcroft, PA) Assignee(s): Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. (Neenah, WI) Patent Number: 6,096,152 Date filed: April 30, 1997 Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to facial tissues having great softness and strength. The facial tissues are made from a multi-layered paper web containing a middle layer of eucalyptus fibers either alone or in combination with polyester fibers. The paper web is made with a debonding agent for producing a web having reduced levels of fiber bonding. Once formed, the paper web is treated on each side with a bonding agent in a preselected pattern. Both sides of the paper web are also creped. In order to create a smooth low friction surface, the paper web is fed through a calendering machine and treated with a friction reducing composition and subsequently dried. Excerpt(s): The present invention is generally directed to a method for producing a single ply, ultra soft facial tissue. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a single ply soft facial tissue containing a middle layer of eucalyptus fibers. The tissue product is made by applying a latex bonding agent and creping each side of the paper web. In order to reduce the surface friction of the tissue, the paper web is then calendered and an anti-friction agent is applied. Absorbent paper products such as paper towels, facial tissues and other similar products are designed to include several important properties. For example, the products should have good bulk, a soft feel and should be highly absorbent. The product should also have good strength even while wet and should resist tearing. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to produce a high strength paper product that is also soft and highly absorbent. Usually, when steps are taken to increase one property of the product, other characteristics of the product are adversely affected. For instance, softness is typically increased by decreasing or reducing fiber bonding within the paper product. Inhibiting or reducing fiber bonding, however, adversely affects the strength of the paper web. One particular process that has proved to be very successful in producing paper towels and wipers is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,879,257 to Gentile, et al., which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In Gentile, et al., a process is disclosed in which a bonding material is applied in a fine, spaced apart pattern to one side of a fibrous web. The web is then adhered to a creping surface and creped from the surface. A bonding material is applied to the opposite side of the web and the web is similarly creped. The process disclosed in Gentile, et al. produces wiper products having exceptional bulk, outstanding softness and good absorbency. The surface regions of the web also provide excellent strength, abrasion resistance, and wipe-dry properties. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06096152__

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Deodorizing composition containing tea tree and eucalyptus oils Inventor(s): Kling; Edward Albert (Norton Shores, MI), Kling; Kimberly Mark (Norton Shores, MI) Assignee(s): D.S.C. Products, Inc. (Muskegon, MI) Patent Number: 6,019,963 Date filed: November 20, 1998

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Abstract: A deodorizing dispersion effective for reducing the odor intensity of an odorous material, the dispersion including effective amounts of tea tree oil and eucalyptus oil, preferably dispersed in an aqueous carrier phase. The dispersion optionally includes dispersing agents, such as thickeners, surfactants, and solvents, to promote the stability and uniformity of the dispersion and provide cleaning and detergency attributes. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to deodorizing dispersions, and more particularly, to deodorizing dispersions incorporating tea tree and eucalyptus oils. Materials can take on an offensive odor under several circumstances. For example, a carpet that has been exposed to water from storm, flood, overflow, or pipe breakage will smell of the mold and mildew that subsequently form in the carpet. Also, a fabric or carpet can smell of urine and feces deposited by a pest or household pet. The growth of microorganisms associated with such deposits or floods can contribute significantly to the foul smell. Further, entire contents of fire-damaged buildings may retain the strong smell of smoke. Neuman Industries, Inc. supplies a deodorizing composition under the NC 2000 trademark. The NC 2000 contains an unspecified amount of eucalyptus oil; the other components are not disclosed. The NC 2000 product has been applied as a fine mist in the air to deodorize pig farms. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06019963__ •

Eucalyptus floral product Inventor(s): Morford; Bruce (40 Island Rd., White Swan, WA 98952), Morford; Melaine (40 Island Rd., White Swan, WA 98952) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 6,068,894 Date filed: June 11, 1999 Abstract: A eucalyptus floral product and a method for producing the same is provided. The floral product is non-perishable and permanent, while appearing to be naturally grown as opposed to artificially manufactured. The eucalyptus leaf floral product comprises a plurality of eucalyptus leaves attached to a central stem to substantially resemble a corolla. Additionally, the corolla preferably resembles a rosette. The central stem is preferably a length of wire, and the eucalyptus leaves are preferably preserved eucalyptus leaves. The corolla includes an underside, and a plurality of smaller eucalyptus leaves attached to the underside of the corolla form to substantially resemble a calyx. Additionally, the leaves can be soaked in a mildly acidic solution, such as vinegar, before the leaves are formed into the floral product. Excerpt(s): The invention relates to a decorative floral product, and more particularly to a method for forming eucalyptus leaves to resemble a flower. The floral product industry is well established and utilizes a wide variety of materials to manufacture aesthetically pleasing arrangements. These arrangements can include wreaths, swags, bouquets, centerpieces and ornaments. The utilization of preserved and long-lasting materials is desirable because floral arrangements require significant labor to manufacture and their value increases if the arrangement is long lasting and permanent, as opposed to perishable and disposable. Most preserved floral products, such as preserved sprigs of eucalyptus, cannot be employed as central or focus elements of a particular arrangement. This is because it is desirable to have a focus element that is larger and more complex than the surrounding elements of the arrangement Flowers, or

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flower-like products often occupy the focal points of an arrangement. Artificial flowers, which are desirable for non-perishable arrangements, are typically very expensive, because true, life-like flowers are very difficult to fabricate. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06068894__ •

Eucalyptus tea Inventor(s): Shimabukuro; Kenji (Nago, JP) Assignee(s): Yugen Kaisha Okinawa Yukali Farm (Okinawa, JP) Patent Number: 5,595,779 Date filed: March 1, 1995 Abstract: This invention relates to a Eucalyptus tea prepared by steaming, rumpletwisting and drying Eucalyptus leaves, which contains a large amount of soluble polysaccharides and tannins, and further richly contains inorganic components such as potassium, sodium and calcium. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to tea made from Eucalyptus leaves, which richly contains aroma and nutrients. As tea made from leaves other than green tea leaves, there have been well known, for example, wulung tea, Gymnema tea, Silvervine tea, Ashitaba tea, Olive tea, and Saururaceous tea. Although such teas contain plenty of vitamins, they contain less tannic components known as the mixtures of catechins, which have been reported to have various effects such as an effect on intestinal orders, a controlling effect on absorption of glucides from the intestine, a controlling effect in the production of glucides having an excretion accelerative action on cholesterol and lipids giving lesions to living tissues and organs (i.e., antioxidizing action), an anticancer action, an anticancerity, a controlling action of hypercholesterol, an antihypertensive action and antibacterial action. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05595779__

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Hand exerciser and stress relieving device Inventor(s): Juarez; Mark Reinle (2141 W. 133rd Ave., San Leandro, CA 94577) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 5,830,109 Date filed: June 26, 1997 Abstract: The present invention provides a new hand exerciser and stress relieving device that provides exercise to the muscles of the arm, wrist and hand of a user and a means for general stress relief. According to the invention, the hand exerciser and stress relieving device possess an overall digitate shape that easily adapts to the hand of a user and generally comprises a pliable outer cover and an inner malleable core that is nonelastic or has low elasticity. Also according to the teaching of the invention, the digitate shape of the device has a central region and a plurality of rounded pods that radially extend from the central region. The central region of the device is configured to lie comfortably in the palm of a user's hand. The rounded pods are configured to fit comfortably between the fingers of a user's hand as the user squeezes and kneads the device. This overall configuration achieves a novel hand exerciser and stress relieving device that provides gripping features for the user, as well as an easy and comfortable

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fit within the user's hand. Scented or aromatic materials, such as basil, cinnamon, clove, eucalyptus, juniper, lavender, lemon, lime, mint, orange, rose, rosemary, vanilla and the like may also be placed in the core of the device. As the user manipulates the device, a pleasing scent emanates from the device. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a small exercising and stress relieving device that can be held in the user's hand, for providing exercise of the muscles of the arm, hand, and wrist, when the user flexes his or her fingers to squeeze and deform the device. Many hand-held exercise and stress relief devices are known in the prior art. An example of such a prior art hand exercise device is a substantially spherical ball having a pliable outer coating and a flexible or pliable core material. To exercise the hand, the user simply squeezes the device with the fingers. This squeezing action may provide a form of stress relief for the user. Other prior art hand exercisers possess the same general spherical shape, but differ in materials. For example, one such hand exerciser comprises a flexible thick latex cover with a gel-like core. To exercise the hand, the user simply squeezes and manipulates the malleable device. Resistance to the user's hand flexing is provided by the viscous gel-like core. While the hand exercisers and stress relief devices of the prior art fulfill their respective objectives and requirements, the prior art devices do not disclose or suggest a hand exerciser and stress relief device formed to have a digitate configuration with a central region and a plurality of extending pods. This configuration provides a hand exerciser and stress relieving device that easily adapts to the user's palm and fingers for enhanced gripping action. In this respect, the hand exerciser and stress relief device according to the present invention represents a substantial improvement over the concepts and designs of the prior art, and in doing so provides a novel hand exerciser and stress relief device primarily ergonomically developed for the purpose of easily adapting to the palm and fingers of a user and providing hand exercise and stress relief. Therefore, it can be appreciated that a need exists for a new hand exerciser and stress relief device that is inexpensive to manufacture and has a digitate configuration with a central region and a plurality of pods radially extending therefrom to easily adapt to the hand of the user providing an enhanced exercising and stress relieving effect. In this regard, the present invention substantially fulfills this need. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05830109__ •

Herbel medication for external application Inventor(s): Butler; Edward R. (213 Huguenot St., New Paltz, NY 12561) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 5,629,281 Date filed: April 2, 1996 Abstract: Applied externally, the preparation, composed of a mixture of herbal oils, relieves pain associated with various types of minor headaches. The preparation is also a solvent. The ingredients include the oils of lemon, sweet almond, cajuput, clove, eucalyptus, peppermint and thyme in specific proportions. All ingredients are natural. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a medical preparation applied externally to relieve minor headache pain, and to transfer medicines through the skin to the blood stream. The invention relates more particularly to such a preparation which is composed of all naturally occurring ingredients. Headaches, major and minor, are probably the most common type of pain and are believed to be the number one cause of absenteeism

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in the work place. However, minor headaches are not a sign of serious disorder. The pain does not originate in the brain itself but instead commonly arises in the meninges (the membranes which envelope the brain and spinal cord) or in the blood vessels and muscles of the scalp. The pain is believed to be a result of tension in or stretching (construction and dilation) of these tissues. Application of my preparation to the underside of both wrists, or to the scalp, proximate to the affected area, soothes the distressed tissues and vessels causing relief of the pain. The preparation does not cure the cause of the headache. It only takes away the associated pain. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05629281__ •

Herbicidal composition and method Inventor(s): Kiely; Wayne Andrew (Jury Rd., Monash, S. Australia, AU), Selga; John (Jury Rd., Monash, S. Australia, AU) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 5,998,335 Date filed: May 6, 1998 Abstract: A knock-down herbicidal composition consisting essentially of the combination of (a) pine oil, and (b) tea tree oil or eucalyptus oil. Excerpt(s): This application has been filed under 35 U.S.C. 371 as the national stage of international application PCT/AU95/00739, filed Nov. 6, 1995. The present invention relates to a herbicidal composition having, as an active ingredient, a terpene compound, a terpene derivative, or an essential oil comprising a terpene compound or derivative. In particular, the herbicidal composition will comprise a pine oil, dipentene, pinene, a pine alcohol or a terpene compound or derivative derived from pine oil. A citrus oil or a terpene compound derived from citrus oil, e.g. limonene (1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene), may also be used. Many herbicidal compositions presently on the market are highly toxic to humans and domestic animals. A herbicide having lower toxicity is desirable, particularly for use by the home gardener. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05998335__

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High capacity fluid absorbent members Inventor(s): Buenger; Daniel Edward (Cincinnati, OH), Seger; Geoffrey Eugene (Cincinnati, OH) Assignee(s): The Procter & Gamble Company (Cincinnati, OH) Patent Number: 5,800,416 Date filed: April 17, 1996 Abstract: The fluid absorbent members according to the present invention preferably comprise three basic components: chemically stiffened, twisted, and curled bulking fibers, high surface area fibers, and chemical binder additive. Fluid absorbent members according to the present invention use a high surface fiber and refining to provide capillary pressure (or suction) to the fluid absorbent member. These high surface area fibers are generally small and highly conformable. They provide the substrate with capillary pressure well in excess of the capillary pressure found in the bulk-providing chemically stiffened, twisted, and curled fibers (unrefined) alone. A presently preferred

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fiber for this high surface application is the eucalyptus family of wood pulp fibers. Eucalyptus provides desirable capillary pressure characteristics in combination with the chemically stiffened, twisted, and curled fibers and will not easily pass through a forming screen. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to fluid absorbent members having improved fluid acquisition, distribution, and storage properties. The present invention further relates to absorbent structures incorporating such fluid absorbent members which can be used in a variety of absorbent articles such as catamenial products, disposable diapers, adult incontinence pads and briefs, and the like, as well as tissue and towel products. Absorbent webs which comprise entangled masses of fibers, i.e., fibrous webs, are well known in the art. Such webs can imbibe liquids, such as discharged body fluids, both by an absorption mechanism wherein fluid is taken up by the fiber material itself and by a wicking mechanism wherein fluid is acquired by, distributed through and stored in the capillary interstices between fibers. One means for improving the absorbent capacity of such fibrous web structures is to incorporate therein a superabsorbent material, such as polymeric gelling material (also referred to as hydrogel-forming material, superabsorbent polymers, etc.) which imbibes fluid. The superabsorbent material serves to retain fluid such as discharged body liquids. Notwithstanding the existence of absorbent cores as described above, there remains a need to provide absorbent cores with improved effective absorbent capacity. One way to theoretically do this would be to increase the level of polymeric gelling material in the absorbent core. Unfortunately, high levels of polymeric gelling material especially levels in excess of about 15%, in fibrous webs typically used in absorbent cores can induce a phenomena referred to as gel-blocking. Gel-blocking occurs when the polymeric gelling material located in regions first contacted with fluid increase in volume as a consequence of imbibing the fluid and forming the hydrogel. When polymeric gelling material concentration is too high, the hydrogel can block additional fluid from reaching other regions of the core having unused absorbent capacity. The occurrence of gel blocking can lead to leakage during usage of the absorbent article. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05800416__ •

Insect repellent composition and method for inhibiting the transmission and treatment of symptoms of vector-borne diseases Inventor(s): Petrus; Edward J. (Austin, TX) Assignee(s): Advanced Medical Instruments (Austin, TX) Patent Number: 5,965,137 Date filed: November 16, 1998 Abstract: A topical composition for the delivery of bio-affecting agents through the protective outer layer of skin into the underlying tissues and into the general circulation to prevent the causes and symptoms of vector-borne diseases. The transdermal penetration is achieved by the use of an essential volatile oil with insect repellent capabilities, such as eucalyptus oil. The bio-affective agents may be a combination of a zinc salt and form of vitamin A. A zinc salt may also be used for photoprotective purposes. The topical composition can be formulated as a solution, suspension, cream, ointment, gel, film or spray. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a novel composition of an insect repellent with bio-active agents delivered transdermally by a penetration enhancer to prevent and

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treat vector-borne diseases. Forty percent of the world's population lives in regions where malaria is endemic. According to WHO, malaria affects 500 million people annually and kills from 1.5 to 2.7 million people, about twice as many as from AIDS. Some 600,000 children die of malaria alone each year, and over one million die of malaria in conjunction with other illnesses, a rate of one child every 30 seconds. The worldwide incidence of the disease has quadrupled in the past five years, and resistance to available drugs for prevention and treatment is growing rapidly. It is believed that malaria was introduced into the United States by European colonists (P. vivax and P. marariae) and African slaves (P. falciparum) in the 16th and 17th centuries. Malaria was among the most common reasons for hospitalization during the Civil War, with the two sides reporting more than 1.2 million cases between them. Hippocrates was the first to associate malaria incidence with the proximity to stagnant water. British physician Ronald Ross proved that malaria is carried not by air or water but by mosquitoes, a discovery for which he was awarded a Nobel Prize. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05965137__ •

Landscaping dressing and method Inventor(s): Kaufmann; Eric H. (27 Coventry La., Greenville, SC 29609) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 6,301,829 Date filed: November 12, 1999 Abstract: A landscaping dressing for application to spread mulch, pine needles, and similar natural fiber soil covering comprising a blend of linseed oil and soybean oil. The dressing will restore faded mulch and reduce fading of fresh mulch. Plant derived oils such as eucalyptus and neem oil may be included in the dressing. Excerpt(s): This invention relates generally to a composition and method for enhancing, maintaining, and preserving the fresh appearance of wood fiber mulch, pine bark chips, and pine needles which are used for landscaping purposes. Landscaping mulch is usually made from wood chips, wood bark, sawdust or other wood and plant fibers. Mulch and pine needles are widely used in landscaping because each provides a soil covering, reduces erosion, keeps soil moist and in place, reduces the growth of weeds and undesirable vegetation, and tends to retain heat in the soil. In addition to these benefits which are derived from mulch, it is also used for its decorative effects by providing beds in which shrubbery, trees, and flowers can be aesthetically set apart from the grassy areas. Thus, not only because of its functional properties, mulch and pine needles are desirable from their ability to enhance the appearance of lawns, parks, and other areas. Unfortunately, mulch made from wood chips and fibers will tend to weather and lose its original, rich and usually brown color when exposed to sunlight and rain. This deterioration in color can become noticeable after only a few months or less. Initially, by raking or turning the mulch the unexposed mulch below the surface can be brought to the surface to begin the aging cycle again but, this is a time consuming and labor intensive process and in a few months all of the mulch has been exposed so that a gray appearance results which is much less desirable from an aesthetic point of view. Accordingly, it is one object of the present invention to provide a method whereby re-raking or re-turning the mulch is not necessary. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06301829__

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Manipulation of cellulose and/or.beta.-1,4-Glucan Inventor(s): Arioli; Antonio (Duffy, AU), Betzner; Andreas S. (Page, AU), Peng; Liangcai (Turner, AU), Williamson; Richard E. (Murrumbateman, AU) Assignee(s): The Austrailian National University (Acton Australian Capital Territory, AU) Patent Number: 6,495,740 Date filed: December 23, 1998 Abstract: The invention relates generally to isolated genes which encode polypeptides involved in cellulose biosynthesis in plants and transgenic plants expressing same in sense or antisense orientation, or as ribozymes, co-suppression or gene-targeting molecules. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a nucleic acid molecule isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, wheat, barley, maize, Brassica ssp., Gossypium hirsutum ssp. and Eucalyptus ssp. which encode an enzyme which is important in cellulose biosynthesis, in particular the cellulose synthase enzyme and homologues, analogues and derivatives thereof and uses of same in the production of transgenic plants expressing altered cellulose biosynthetic properties. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates generally to isolated genes which encode polypeptides involved in cellulose biosynthesis and transgenic organisms expressing same in sense or antisense orientation, or as ribozymes, co-suppression or genetargeting molecules. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a nucleic acid molecule isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, wheat, barley, maize, Brassica ssp., Gossypium hirsutum and Eucalyptus ssp. which encode an enzyme which is important in cellulose biosynthesis, in particular the cellulose synthase enzyme and homologues, analogues and derivatives thereof and uses of same in the production of transgenic plants expressing altered cellulose biosynthetic properties. Bibliographic details of the publications referred to by author in this specification are collected at the end of the description. Sequence identity numbers (SEQ ID Nos.) for the nucleotide and amino acid sequences referred to in the specification are defined after the bibliography. Throughout the specification, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or integer or group of elements or integers but not the exclusion of any other element or integer or group of elements or integers. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06495740__

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Medicated vapor candle Inventor(s): Michaels; Robert S. (3196 Stevenson Rd., Anger, NC 27501) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 6,086,853 Date filed: January 25, 1999 Abstract: This invention is a composition of matter and method of preparing the same. More specifically the present invention is a medicated vapor candle consisting of a homogenous mixture having approximately three parts petroleum jelly containing the active ingredients of camphor, menthol and eucalyptus, melted and mixed with four parts candle wax. The active ingredients, by volume, of approximately 5% camphor, 2.5% menthol and 1.2% eucalyptus oil.

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Excerpt(s): This invention relates to candles, and more particularly to candles that, when ignited, gives off a controlled release of medicated constituent into the atmosphere. Candles have for centuries been used to provide light. Over the years other ingredients have been added to give fragrances to candles, to repel insects and even claims of medicated combustibles. Some of the problems encountered in using these products is a lingering odor after the candle or other combustible has been extinguished. Also the fragrances can be quite strong while burning and are extremely irritating to many people. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06086853__ •

Method and composition for treating minor skin irritations Inventor(s): Elliott; Jennifer (12495 148th Rd. North, Palm Beach Gdns, FL 33418) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 5,620,695 Date filed: May 13, 1996 Abstract: the instant invention is a method and composition for the treatment of minor skin irritations based upon the use of a carrier oil with the essential oils of eucalyptus, lavender and ti tree added to the oil with a most unique composition capable of reducing the irritation, promoting healing, resisting insects, and take advantage of the science of aromatherapy. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to a method and composition for treating a wide variety of skin irritations with particular application to animals and has been especially effective on horses. Skin irritation problems are numerous and common. They can develop from weather conditions (from dying to sunburn, fungal infections from dampness and windburn), generalized itching insects such as horse flies, deer flies, gnats, mosquitoes, sea lice and ants, as well as accidents and injuries. Some medicated skin lotions are known in the art, however most are one use specific, require a medical diagnosis or aseptic technique in application and are either costly or have many side effects, particularly on an animal that is outdoors much of the time. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05620695__

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Method and compositions for treatment of fungal nail disease Inventor(s): King; Sharon K. (East Lansing, MI), Nair; Muraleedharan G. (Okemos, MI), Ramsewak; Russel S. (East Lansing, MI), Selanders; Louise C. (East Lansing, MI), Stommel; Manfred (Novi, MI) Assignee(s): Board of Trustees of Michigan State University (East Lansing, MI) Patent Number: 6,344,190 Date filed: February 4, 2000 Abstract: Compositions for the treatment of fungal nail disease (onychomycosis), including camphor, menthol, eucalyptus and thymol are described. The ingredients are natural and very effective in treating the nail fungus. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to novel topical compositions and method for the treatment of fungal nail disease. In particular, the present invention relates to the use

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of GRAS natural plant derivatives for this purpose. Fungal nail disease (onychomycosis) is the most commonly occurring nail disorder encountered in primary care. Current estimates indicate that nearly 11 million Americans are affected by fungal nail disease. It can affect toenails, fingernails or both and is usually caused by infectious organisms known as dermatophytes. Fungal nail disease causes discoloration and thickening of the nail, accumulation of debris under the nail and, in severe cases, detachment of the nail plate from the nail bed. Toenails are the primary site of infection. Fungal nail disease can affect people of any age, gender and race and may cause discomfort and embarrassment due to the appearance of the nails. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06344190__ •

Method of making an herbal drink Inventor(s): Blount; Dorothy J. (2908 7th St. Northwest #1, Washington, DC 22017) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 6,287,567 Date filed: January 7, 2000 Abstract: A method of making an herbal drink for relieving symptoms of fatigue, congestion, fever and asthma. The method of making an herbal drink includes making an herbal drink for relieving symptoms of various ailments such as cough, fever and fatigue. The drink is formed by straining water through a combination of equal portions of rosehip, goldenseal, comfrey leaf, bee pollen, spearmint, chickweed, comfrey root, chamomile flower, catnip, mullein, pennyroyal, eucalyptus, and licorice root. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to herbal drinks and more particularly pertains to a new method of making an herbal drink for relieving symptoms of fatigue, congestion, fever and asthma. The use of herbal drinks is known in the prior art. More specifically, herbal drinks heretofore devised and utilized are known to consist basically of familiar, expected and obvious configurations. Known prior art includes U.S. Pat. No. 4,851,252; U.S. Pat. No. 4,412,984; U.S. Pat. No. 4,357,631; U.S. Pat. No. 5,376,374; U.S. Pat. No. 5,716,928; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,059,695. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06287567__

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Method of preparing natural-oil-containing emulsions and microcapsules and its uses Inventor(s): Bach; Uri (Efrat, IL), Magdassi; Shlomo (Jerusalem, IL), Mumcuoglu; Kosta (Jerusalem, IL) Assignee(s): Yissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew (Jerusalem, IL) Patent Number: 5,518,736 Date filed: June 27, 1994 Abstract: The invention relates to sustained-release biodegradable lice repelling preparations comprising as active ingredient a lice repelling agent comprising at least one natural oil selected from the group consisting of citronella oil, rosemary oil and eucalyptus oil, or at least one natural oil component selected from the group consisting of citronellal and geraniol or mixtures thereof and further comprising an anionic emulsifier and chitosan, optionally further comprising dermatologically acceptable additives, carriers or diluents. The preparations may be in the form of an aqueous

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emulsion or chitosan microcapsules, preferably prepared by the processes of the invention. Excerpt(s): The invention relates to a method for the preparation of biodegradable, natural-oil-containing emulsions and microcapsules. The emulsions and microcapsules are particularly useful as active ingredients in lice repelling and other, such as vitamin preparations, which are also encompassed by the invention. A. Using a combination of chitosan, which is a polycationic substance, with a polyanionic substance such as gum Arabic, by a method known as complex coacervation (e.g. JP 87-173464). By this method, an insoluble polymeric shell is produced. B. Formation of the microcapsules by dispersing an aqueous solution, which contains chitosan, in an oil phase, followed by gelling (e.g. JP 90-317739). This method is based on formation of a separate phase in oil, followed by gellification of the aqueous droplet, and not only the interface. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05518736__ •

Method of treating a papermaking furnish for making soft tissue Inventor(s): Rao; Vinay Kumar (Menasha, WI), Shanklin; Gary Lee (Appleton, WI), Smith; Michael John (Neenah, WI) Assignee(s): Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Inc. (Neenah, WI) Patent Number: 5,785,813 Date filed: February 24, 1997 Abstract: An efficient and effective method for treating tissue making stock to make soft tissues involves adding a softening agent to a first papermaking furnish of short fibers, such as eucalyptus fibers. A second papermaking furnish of long fibers, such as softwood fibers, is blended with the short fiber furnish. Thereafter, wet strength agents and/or dry strength agents are added to the blended furnish. The treated furnish is then fed to a headbox and processed into soft tissue in any suitable manner. Excerpt(s): The use of softening and strengthening agents in the manufacture of tissues, such as facial and bath tissue, is common practice in the industry. These tissues typically contain a blend of relatively long fibers, which are usually softwood fibers, and relatively short fibers, which are usually hardwood fibers. The softening and strengthening agents may be separately added to these different fiber species prior to blending the fibers together and forming the tissue web. The softening agent is added to the short fibers since the short fibers primarily contribute to tissue softness. The long fibers are separately treated with strengthening agents (wet and dry) and refining. Both refining and strengthening agents are used because excessive use of either treatment may have an adverse effect on the tissue making process and/or the resulting tissue product. However, the conventional method of adding strengthening agents to the long fibers can have some disadvantages. In one case, combining strengthening agents with refining in the same locale can cause poor efficiency. If strengthening agents are added prior to refining, shear forces may strip the attached strengthening agent from the fiber. If strengthening agents are added directly after refining, the strengthening agents preferentially attach to fines generated by refining, thus reducing the chemical efficiency. In addition, adding the strengthening agents to the long fiber in the conventional manner results in a long dwell time for the strengthening agent to reach the headbox. Very often changes in rates of addition are needed to maintain basesheet specifications. By adding the strengthening agents too far back in the system, there

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exists a greater probability of the product being outside targeted specifications for a longer period of time, resulting in higher waste and delay on the tissue machine. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05785813__ •

Methods and apparatus to prevent colds, flus, and infections of the human respiratory system Inventor(s): Vail, III; William Banning (Bothell, WA), Vail; Marilyn L. (Bothell, WA) Assignee(s): Inhalation, Inc. (Woodinville, WA) Patent Number: 6,447,816 Date filed: April 3, 2000 Abstract: Strong vapors from eucalyptus oil and tea tree oil are inhaled periodically to prevent the infection of the human respiratory system by pathogens that cause colds, influenza, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. Apparatus suitable for the periodic inhalation of strong vapors from eucalyptus oil and tea tree oil are provided. Excerpt(s): One of the inventors has poor respiratory health, has had repeated bouts with pneumonia, colds, flu, asthma, and has been recently diagnosed with the initial stages of emphysema--despite all that modern medicine has had to offer. This first inventor also comes from a family known for a long history of respiratory problems. Therefore, the inventors decided to look beyond conventional "modern medicine" to help the first inventor, and as a result, have conceived methods to substantially prevent colds, flus, and infections of the human respiratory system. These methods include the inhalation of the vapors from eucalyptus oil and/or tea tree oil that are theorized to form a protective, and infection-preventing, thin layer within the entire respiratory system, including the lungs, bronchial tubes, and the nasal cavities. This thin layer maintains its anti-pathogenic properties for a period of time following the inhalation of the vapors for at least one-half hour, and perhaps longer. This thin anti-pathogenic layer substantially prevents the initial infection of colds, flus, and other pathogens for a period of time following inhalation. The inventors also propose the prophylactic use of inhaled eucalyptus oil and/or tea tree to prevent additional pathogenic infections such as tuberculosis, which is becoming a major health problem in the United States. The field of invention relates to the prevention of colds, flus, and other pathogens within the respiratory system of human beings by the inhalation of vapors from highly volatile essential oils such as eucalyptus oil and/or tea tree oil. Following the inhalation of the vapors, a thin anti-pathogenic layer is formed in the respiratory system that protects against infection for a certain duration of time following inhalation. While certain medical uses for eucalyptus oil and tea tree oil have been previously disclosed, to the inventor's best knowledge, none of those previously disclosed methods have suggested, or proposed, that the periodic inhalation of eucalyptus oil and/or tea tree oil may be used as prophylactic agents to substantially prevent infection of colds, flus, and other pathogens within the respiratory system of human beings for a duration of time following that inhalation. AFTER the infection of human beings with certain pathogens, previous inhalation therapies have suggested using eucalyptus oil and or tea tree oil to aid in the recovery from certain respiratory diseases. However, none of these previous methods have suggested using eucalyptus oil and/or tea tree oil as prophylactic agents to routinely and substantially PREVENT the initial infection of pathogens for a duration of time following their inhalation as a primary method of preventing disease. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06447816__

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Methods for producing genetically modified plants, genetically modified plants, plant materials and plant products produced thereby Inventor(s): Cheah; Kheng Tuan (Auckland, NZ) Assignee(s): Fletcher Challenge Forests Ltd. (Auckland, NZ), Genesis Research & Development Corp. Ltd. (Auckland, NZ) Patent Number: 6,255,559 Date filed: September 15, 1998 Abstract: Methods for producing genetically modified plants, particularly woody plants, and most particularly plants of the Eucalyptus and Pinus species, involve transformation of target plant material with a desired genetic construct and regeneration of the transformed plant material using an adventitious shoot bud system. The methods provide a high transformation efficiency and substantially reduce the duration of the transformation and regeneration protocols. Stem segments of a target plant are transformed using Agrobacterium-mediated techniques, and adventitious shoot buds are regenerated from the Agrobacterium-infected stem segments. Preferred culture media, including selection media, and improved plant culture techniques are disclosed. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to methods for producing genetically modified plants, particularly woody plants, and most particularly plants of the Eucalyptus and Pinus species, as well as plants, plant materials and plant products produced by or from such genetic modification. This invention relates, more specifically, to techniques for producing genetically modified plants, including transgenic woody plants and interspecies hybrid woody plants, particularly of the Eucalyptus and Pinus species. Recent advances in plant genetic engineering have made possible the transfer of DNA into plants, including commercially important forestry tree species. The application of genetic engineering to commercially important forestry varieties provides opportunities to incorporate new or improved traits of commercial interest, such as disease resistance, male sterility, increased productivity, rooting ability, wood quality, and others, in forestry varieties. Commercial scale planting stocks of forestry varieties are generally produced directly from seed or from rooted cuttings. In both of these production systems, traditional plant-breeding techniques are used to produce superior planting stock. The application of genetic engineering techniques to stably incorporate homologous and/or heterologous genetic material into plants offers the potential of improved planting stocks compared to those developed using traditional breeding techniques. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06255559__

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Natural pesticide Inventor(s): Chang; Chun-Hua Lily (Ventura, CA), Hsu; Hsinhung John (Ventura, CA), Zhou; Jian (Ventura, CA) Assignee(s): Safer Gro Laboratories, Inc. (Ventura, CA) Patent Number: 6,231,865 Date filed: March 23, 1999 Abstract: The invention describes a synergistic effect when garlic oil or extract is combined with essential oils which results in an improved insecticide/fungicide which is natural and contains no chemical additives. Essential oils are defined in this

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application to be volatile liquids obtained from plants and seeds including cotton seed oil, soybean oil, cinnamon oil, corn oil, cedar oil, castor oil, clove oil, geranium oil, lemongrass oil, linseed oil, mint oil, sesame oil, thyme oil, rosemary oil, anise oil basil oil, camphor oil, citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, ginger oil, grapefruit oil, lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, pine needle oil, pepper oil, rose oil, tangerine oil, tea tree oil, tee seed oil, mineral oil and fish oil. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to a composition of matter used as a natural pesticide and a method for inhibiting the growth of bacteria, fungi and insect pests. Garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) and/or its extract have been reported to have antibacterial and/or antifungal properties. It is known that Allicin isolated from the cloves of garlic had antibacterial properties against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Further, aqueous extracts of garlic have been reported to inhibit the growth of a variety of yeast-like fungi in the genera Candida, Cryptococcus, Rhudotoruto, Torulopsis and Trichosporon. It has also been previously reported that garlic extract and chips inhibit the growth of fungi such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Because of its antifungal and antibacterial properties, garlic or its extract have been used as pesticides to control plant diseases such as mildew. It has also been used as an insecticide to control plant insects such as army worms, aphids and Colorado beetles. Most recently, a method used to repel mosquitos using garlic extract and water was granted U.S. Pat. No. 5,733,552 issued to Anderson et. al. The present invention is directed to a composition of matter which comprises garlic extract and essential oils. This combination of natural ingredients, when applied to plants, has superior antifungal and anti-bacterial qualities, than if applied separately. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06231865__ •

Organic fungicide Inventor(s): Berquist; Helen M. (Saratoga, CA) Assignee(s): Roseberg Investments, Inc. (San Jose, CA) Patent Number: 6,616,952 Date filed: February 21, 2002 Abstract: The present invention is a fungicidal solution and method for controlling fungal disease in plants which provides for contacting the plant matter with a fungicidally effective application of an aqueous solution. The fungicidal solution is comprised of between about one-third (1/3) to two-third (2/3) cup of an organic plant matter to every two-third (2/3) gallon of a fermented solution. The organic solution may be any type of sage, tea leaves, coffee leaves, beech leaves, eucalyptus leaves, oak leaves, sumac leaves, and other similar leaves, or bark. The fermented solution contains between about (1%) one percent to (25%) twenty-five percent, per gallon, of an alcohol and grape juice. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to fungicide, and more particularly to an organic fungicide for plants. Plants are constantly challenged by a wide variety of pathogentic organisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and menatodes. Attempts have been made to control plant disease by means of disinfections, replacement of the soil, various cultural practices, and control by chemicals. Some plants suffer from detrimental soilspread diseases, which have not been possible to control owing to restrictions of use of chemical control agents and hazard periods due to possible residues or lack of sufficiently effective products. The control of fungi is important since fungal growth on

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plants or on parts of plants inhibits production of foliage, fruit or seed, and the overall quality of a cultivated crop. About twenty-five (25) percent of all fungal diseases in agricultural and horticulture are caused by powdery mildew phytopathogens. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06616952__ •

Pain relief composition and method of relieving pain Inventor(s): Weise; Richard (Fort Worth, TX) Assignee(s): General Cosmetics Corporation (New York, NY) Patent Number: 6,444,238 Date filed: March 10, 2000 Abstract: A pain relief composition and a method of relieving pain in a human body. The method includes preparing a pain relief composition from a mixture of aloe vera oil, eucalyptus oil, lemon oil, orange oil, peppermint oil, and rosemary oil. The method also includes topically applying the pain relief composition to the human body proximate to where a person is experiencing discomfort. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates generally to a composition for relieving pain and the use of the same for relieving pain. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition that contains a mixture of essential oils and that is used for treating pain in a human body. As people attempt to accomplish increasingly accomplish more things both professionally and personally in specified periods of time, people get frustrated when physical ailments prevent them from operating near peak efficiencies. For example, many women experience significant amounts of discomfort at selected times during their menstrual cycles. Such conditions are often identified as premenstrual syndrome ("PMS"). Conventional pain relievers such as aspirin and acetaminophen have produced only moderate success in addressing the physical symptoms associated with PMS. There have been numerous attempts at preparing pain relievers that exhibit a greater efficacy in treating PMS. However, these treatments do not produce advantageous results on a significant proportion of the population. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06444238__

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Pesticidal composition Inventor(s): Morris; Sandra (Norfolk, GB), Ryan; Robert Eugene (Norfolk, GB) Assignee(s): Barrier Biotech Limited (Norfolk, GB) Patent Number: 6,251,440 Date filed: June 29, 2000 Abstract: There is disclosed a pesticidal composition comprising by volume, approximately 40 to 60% eucalyptus oil, 10 to 30% cajaput oil, 10 to 30% lemongrass oils and 4 to 20% of surfactant. The composition is used in a method for controlling pesticidal activity at a locus which comprises applying an effective amount of the composition thereto. Excerpt(s): The present invention is concerned with a pesticidal composition, and in particular with a pesticidal composition which may be used as an insecticide and/or a larvicide against, for example, ectoparasites, a major component of said composition

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comprising natural or essential oils. Insects and their larvae are common pests of households, animals, crops, meat and poultry houses and the like. Typically, to eradicate such insect pests synthetically produced chemical pesticides are used. These compounds are generally highly toxic to mammals and plants and are often very slow to degrade making them unsuitable for wide spread application. Examples of compounds which have previously been used for eradicating insects and their larvae include organophosphates which, although generally not as toxic as synthetic nonorgansphosphates, still exhibit relatively high toxicity levels. They are, however, of limited use against some pests. For example, the larvae of the poultry house beetle are notoriously difficult to kill and are relatively unaffected by such organophosphates. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06251440__ •

Plant growth establishment and agents for use therein Inventor(s): Furneaux; Richard Hubert (Wellington, NZ), Nairn; Beverley Janice (Ohope, NZ) Assignee(s): Tasman Forestry Limited (Rotorua, NZ) Patent Number: 5,672,503 Date filed: June 6, 1995 Abstract: Method for inhibiting vitrification of plants of the Pinus species and Eucalyptus species. In the method, anti-vitrification agents containing one or more sulfated polysaccharides are used. The sulfated polysaccharides are preferably free of toxic components. Tissue culture media is also disclosed. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to agents for use in plant growth. More particularly, the invention relates to agents which promote the growth of plants in tissue culture. The invention also relates to media containing such an agent, processes of producing said media and to products produced when grown on said media. In particular, the invention relates to an anti-vitrification agent. A major problem when attempting to micropropagate various plants, in particular Pinus radiata, is that the shoots become vitrified. The condition results in a loss of multiplication, the failure of plantlets to successfully establish ex vitro, for example, in the glass house, and can result in significant loss due to death of tissue (>90% in some propagation stages). The phenomenon of vitrification has been described in the literature as translucent, vitriescent, glassy or hyper-hydrated. Belgian Patent No. 904661 (to Pronatec) describes the production of an alleged anti-vitrification material, for use with apple trees, obtained by hydrolysing agar. Biofuture, March 1990, reported that Pronatec continued their research beyond the description in the patent and identified and isolated an active principle in the hydrolysate. The report also states that the molecule was unstable. The teachings in the patent are not reproducible. The conditions given in the patent are stated broadly. The conditions of hydrolysis could range from mild disruption of an agar chain to total degradation to the monomeric saccharides and degradation products thereof. There is no specific method given taking specifically identified agars, and treating them with a definite amount of acid for a specific time. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05672503__

Patents 69

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Poison ivy treatment composition and method of use Inventor(s): Stewart; Ulvert H. (10577 Daly Rd., Brooksville, FL 34601) Assignee(s): none reported Patent Number: 5,686,074 Date filed: August 7, 1996 Abstract: A composition and method are described for the treatment of allergic contact dermatitis, such as poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. The composition includes linseed oil, an astringent such as alum powder, a starch such as cornstarch, an essential oil such as eucalyptus oil, and a citrus oil such as orange oil. The method includes applying the treatment composition to an affected area of skin, preferably once to twice per day. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to compositions for the treatment of skin rashes, and, more particularly, to compositions for the treatment of poison ivy and related kinds of allergic contact dermatitis. A poison ivy rash, which falls under the medical descriptor rhus dermatitis, is an allergic contact dermatitis caused by an exposure to plants of the genus Rhus (poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac). These plants contain urushiol, a potent skin-sensitizing agent. Several over-the-counter treatments are available to treat a poison ivy rash, including those containing calamine, which is a mixture of zinc oxide or zinc carbonate with a small amount of ferric oxide. Calamine is known to be an astringent. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05686074__

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Polymer-reinforced, eucalyptus fiber-containing paper Inventor(s): Harris; Linda G. (Lawrenceville, GA), Reed; Amy B. (Marietta, GA), Weber; Robert E. (Marietta, GA) Assignee(s): Kimberly-Clark Corporation (Neenah, WI) Patent Number: 5,595,828 Date filed: May 26, 1995 Abstract: An improved-strength, polymer-reinforced paper which includes fibers, of which at least about 30 percent on a dry weight basis are eucalyptus fibers; and from about 15 to about 60 percent by weight, based on the dry weight of the fibers, of a latex binder. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a polymer-reinforced paper in which the reinforcing polymer is a latex. It generally is understood that the properties of paper depend largely on the structure of the various fibers that compose the sheet. The two most important structural characteristics are fiber length and cell wall thickness. A minimum length is required for interfiber bonding and length is virtually proportional to tear strength. Because softwood fibers typically are from about two to about five times longer than hardwood fibers, the former are universally more desired for papermaking. A papermaking stock or furnish also may contain hardwood fibers, but they are present primarily to improve sheet smoothness and formation, e.g., a uniform distribution of fibers in the paper. In fact, the presence of more than minor amounts of hardwood fibers often has a deleterious effect on the strength and tear resistance of the resulting paper. The more common hardwoods employed as a source of fibers include aspen, birch, beech, oak, maple, and gum.

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Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05595828__ •

Preservative of cut flowers Inventor(s): Futaki; Kouji (Tokyo, JP), Hoshi; Keiko (Tokyo, JP), Shigeno; Keiko (Chibaken, JP) Assignee(s): Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (Tokyo, JP) Patent Number: 5,536,155 Date filed: July 27, 1994 Abstract: Preservatives for cut flowers which include an extract from eucalyptus leaves as a bactericidal agent. The preservative further includes at least one additive selected from naturally occurring bactericidal substances not found in the extract from eucalyptus leaves, saccharides, disinfectants, water-soluble mineral substances, calcium phosphate compounds, surface active substances and plant hormones. The preservative is effective to keep cut flowers fresh for an extended period of time, does not harmfully effect the flowers, and is safe and has no toxic effect to young children, when it is drunk by mistake. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a preservative for cut flowers. More particularly, the present invention relates to a preservative or "activation agent" for maintaining cut flowers in a fresh state for an extended period of time. Hitherto, many types of activation treatments have been adopted in order to keep cut flowers in a fresh state. For example, the conventional treatment methods for cut flowers in the house includes stem cutting under water, hot water treatment, charring of stem ends, stem crushing and the like. All of these methods are considered to be effective in attaining an increased level of water uptake of cut flowers, however, it is difficult to obtain a satisfactory level of water uptake. In fact, some of them will show only a little improvement of water uptake, if applied to specific cut flowers. Further, it has been suggested that bactericides such as alum, vinegar, bleaching agent and the like should be added to the water. The use of bactericides in the water is intended to prevent rotting of the cut flowers and thereby keep the flowers fresh. However, the effects obtained by using such chemicals are not constant and good, and also may be vary depending upon the particular type of flower and other factors. In addition, since the conventional agents used in the preservative contain a synthetic substance as a principal component thereof, there is another problem that the synthetic substance causes harm to the flowers. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05536155__

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Process for producing biokraft pulp from eucalyptus chips Inventor(s): Akhtar; Masood (Madison, WI), Bajpai; Pramod K. (Patiala, IN), Bajpai; Pratima (Patiala, IN) Assignee(s): Biopulping International, Inc. (Madison, WI), Thapar Centre for Industrial Research & Development (Pratalia, IN) Patent Number: 6,613,192 Date filed: November 28, 2000 Abstract: A method for producing paper pulp for use in the making of paper from eucalyptus wood chips. The method comprises inoculating wood chips with white rot

Patents 71

fungi, fermenting the wood chips so as to cause a propagation of the fungus through the wood chips and allowing the fungus to modify the lignin, and pulping the degraded wood chips by a kraft process. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to a method for producing paper pulp for use in the making of paper. In the manufacture of paper from wood, the wood is first converted to pulp. Pulping involves treating wood to separate the cellulose fibers. Pulping processes are divided into two broad classes: chemical pulping and mechanical pulping. Chemical pulping involves the use of chemicals to solubilize the lignin in the wood cell wall and to release cellulose fibers. Lignin is a natural glue-like material that holds the wood cell wall together. Chemical pulping is a low yield process (about 50%) with significant waste treatment and chemical recycling costs; however, the pulp produced has extremely high strength properties. Mechanical pulping involves the use of mechanical force to separate cellulose fibers. Mechanical processes are high yield (up to 95%) but give paper with lower strength properties, high color reversion and low brightness. Thus, currently available pulping processes offer a spectrum of pulp properties ranging from high yield, low strength mechanical pulps to low yield, high strength chemical pulp. A mixture of chemical pulp and mechanical pulp is used in many paper production processes to exploit these differences. It has been suggested that biological systems can be also used to assist in the pulping of the wood. Attempts to improve primary pulp production processes by using isolated ligninolytic enzymes have so far been inhibited by the complex chemistry of the ligninolytic enzyme system, low yields in enzyme production and the ultrastructure of wood itself. White rot fungi, however, have great potential for this application. These fungi not only produce the whole set of enzymes necessary for lignin degradation but also act as a transport system for these enzymes by bringing them into the depth of wood chips and create the physiological conditions necessary for enzymatic reactions. Some of the white rot fungi are relatively selective for lignin and in that way their action mimic that of chemical pulping agents. It is these selective lignin degrading fungi which are useful for biopulping. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06613192__ •

Process for transformation of mature trees of Eucalyptus plants Inventor(s): Doi; Keigo (Kameyama, JP), Kawazu; Tetsu (Tsu, JP), Kondo; Keiko (Kameyama, JP) Assignee(s): OJI Paper Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, JP) Patent Number: 6,563,024 Date filed: May 5, 2000 Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for transforming mature trees of Eucalyptus plants comprising: induction adventitious shoots from segments of the explant obtained from an adult tree of a Eucalyptus plant, preculturing the adventitious shoots in infection induction medium, infecting the adventitious shoots subjected to infection induction treatment with infection medium containing Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and rotary-culturing the infected explant segments in sterilization medium containing antibiotic; whereby sterilizing and forming transgenic calli, which regenerate transgenic plants by way of formation of shoot primordia by rotary-culturing under illumination. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a process for creating transgenic Eucalyptus plants comprising infecting adventitious shoots derived from mature trees of

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Eucalyptus plants with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Eucalyptus plants are polygenus plants comprising more than 500 species that are native to the Oceania region and predominantly Australia. Many of these Eucalyptus plants have excellent growth properties, the ability to adapt to various environments, and a low level of serious insect damage. Since they are also suited industrially to the production of lumber, pulp and firewood, afforestation of Eucalyptus species plants is conducted in various regions around the world. According to a survey conducted by The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 1990, Eucalyptus plants are planted over an estimated area of 10 million hectares throughout the world, accounting for approximately one-fourth of the artificial forest area in tropical regions. In order to further enhance the productivity of these Eucalyptus plants, breeding is conducted by selection and hybridization. In Brazil, for example, breeding has been performed by selection and hybridization targeting to enhancement of basic density and pulp yield, which are two important factors in the paper pulp industry, in addition to growth properties, and yield has been reported to be increased by 2.3 times in terms of the basic density and by 2.4 times in terms of the pulp yield. Moreover, in recent years, specific gene isolation, modification and reinsertion of recombinant genes into plants has become possible in numerous plant species due to the progress of gene manipulation technology, and plant breeding is being aggressively conducted involving transformation of useful genes isolated from heterogeneous organisms or modified genes of genes inherently retained by the plant itself, which was not possible with conventional breeding methods such as selection and hybridization breeding. Numerous examples of such breeding are reported in the literature, including breeding of loblolly pine (Sederoff, et al., Bio/Technology 4: 647-649 (1986)), poplar (Fillatti et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 206: 192-199 (1987)), walnut (McGranahan, et al., Bio/Technology 6: 800-804 (1988)), apple (James, et al., Plant Cell Rep. 7; 658-661 ) (1989)) and plum (Mante, et al., Bio/Technology 9: 853-857 (1991)). Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06563024__ •

Recording material for the ink jet printing process Inventor(s): Dransmann; Gerhard (Osnabruck, DE), Storbeck; Wolfgang (Bissendorf, DE) Assignee(s): Felix Schoeller Jr. Foto-und Spezialpapiere GmbH & Co. KG (Osnabruck, DE) Patent Number: 6,068,733 Date filed: December 21, 1998 Abstract: A recording material for the ink jet printing process, comprising a paper support and an ink absorbing layer containing a pigment and a binding agent characterised in that the paper contains a mixture of softwood sulphate and eucalyptus cellulose, and has a wet stretch in the transverse direction

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