The Concise Arabic-English Lexicon of Verbs in Context

New Revised and Expanded Edition

The Concise Arabic-English Lexicon of Verbs in Context

Compiled by

Ahmed Taher Hassanein Dalal Yassin Abo El Seoud Kamar Mostafa Abdou

The American University in Cairo Press Cairo New York

First published in 2011 by The American University in Cairo Press 113 Sharia Kasr el Aini, Cairo, Egypt 420 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 www.aucpress.com Copyright© 2011 Ahmed Taher Hassanein, the Estate of Kamar Abdou, and Dalal Abou El Seoud All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Oar el Kutub No. 13823/09 ISBN 978 977 416 342 5 Dar el Kutub Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hassanein, Ahmed Taher The Concise Arabic- English Lexicon of Verbs in Context/ Ahmed Taher Hassanein, Kamar Mostafa Abdou, Dalal Abou El Seoud. - Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2011 p. em. ISBN 978 977 416 342 5 1. Arabic language--Grammar, Comparative and general-Verb I. Abdou, Kamar Mostafa (jt. auth.) II. ntle 497.256 1 2 3 4 56 Printed in Egypt

14 13 12 11

Contents

Acknowledgments Introduction

vii lX

~.lit\

XV

The Lexicon Index

I

485

v

Acknowledgments We thank all our students and colleagues who inspired us and encouraged us to reproduce this lexicon. Our deep appreciation goes to Mark Linz, director of the American University in Cairo Press, Neil Hewison, associate director for editorial programs, and all of their team, who spared no effort in their help with this work. We also thank Ramsis Habashi for his dedication and accurate typing of the lexicon. Our deep appreciation goes to Dr. Kamar Mostafa Abdou, one of the authors of the first edition of this lexicon, who has passed away, and who will always be remembered for all her efforts in the field of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language.

vii

Introduction The teaching ofArabic traditionally focuses on one of the most remarkable features of the Arabic language: words derived from a single root that is usually composed of three radicals or letters. With the most basic set of verbs-those known as Form I-the three radicals alone are the written form of the past tense of a verb and, often, its verbal noun. Because this Form I verb can then be modified by prefixes, insertions, and a doubled middle radicals to create other verbs-those of Forms II through X- the regularity of these patterns has led to the conventional wisdom that, once a root meaning is known, it is not difficult, in some cases, to infer the meanings or connotations of other verbs created from the same root. As authors we have also included some quadrilateral verbs that are widely used in Modern Standard Arabic. Four radical verbs are represented by 'Q' 'Q1' (with one extra letter added) and 'Qz' (with two extra letters added). The Concise Arabic-English Lexicon of Verbs in Context first took shape as a list compiled primarily to help Arabic language students at the American University in Cairo overcome the problems they encountered using traditional Arabic dictionaries. Unlike such dictionaries, which commonly display verb forms haphazardly, this lexicon arranges them into the ten verb forms that are commonly adapted by institutions that teach Arabic as a Foreign Language. Our teaching experience had shown us that those difficulties-common to learners of Arabic as a second language, as well as native speakers-would be lessened if they had a collection of verbs ordered in the conventional system, with each of the three essential units-past tense, present tense, and verbal nouns- fully vocalized for every single word written. Since our goal was to ease the learning process while promoting comprehension of present-day usage, the list naturally omitted unusual or disused verbs. This lexicon also avoids propagating the misleading assumption that the meanings of the verbs derived from one three-radical root are all logical extensions of the meaning of the Form I root. In modern Arabic usage this concept appears to be refuted almost as often as it is demonstrated, and its inevitable contradictions always confuse students. How could the root c'

ix

u-WI ~ _;~ '.J .J '"'' .J4 , J\:ill ~ ~ . pY..I ~ J "~I t.-

uc LaW~~~'_)!' j~l 'u~ J )~"il L>.H ~~ ~.ftll u13 LSY

LaSJ , '.J_j.' JAJ ,~ •....i:.:..\1 ,JJ\11

~~

JAJ

~ JS "~I ~i w.its WA u-a .•JWI ~I JAJ , )_j. ~G..:iiJ 0-a u\II~ ~11:. liill "~I JAJ , ~.JJ~ l_;.oi .b.IJ .J~ Jdll . "I_,... .b.~ ~.b.!IJ ~ 1"=1~1 :~yJI ~WI ,y._J!£. 4.&JI ~I

JS "~4 '"1..?.-~1 I~ i~

F l I~ .;~J • WA ~I wlj:.J.I LS.b-1 o~J , .J4 JSJ ~~IJ :"'-a I~ I ~_>bJ

F l ~_y '~ w ~' .J4 , .JJ~I (.}'IL....i ~ , ~4ill ~_;.o F l I~ ojla w t..F· · ~\II ~ .~q 1./'r· ~I t19 . ~ ~ . uts.ll u· \1 , \ .....l t J' _) h. t19. . i .oG\.9 ·-1\ u· \1 'u..:;.s' t19. \ .... liS' t..F·b , ohl y-1\ ojUI c..? • ~~ J ,~ ~·Y"'"

·..

,y:wl ~I J~

~4)1 .J~I wl~

()A

JW\11 ~~I ~li~~l WA~

JW\11 ysi

~~ J1 , b~J ij)~

:~~I o~J . o_y..oWI ~yJI ~

v J,£Li

·"tJI

.~ ·~'11~ 1.$u:-'~ - ~ ~.q ~ . ~~

Iv ~i

-

III~\.9

ys\11

J Lal~l

~

I~

nJ,...L.!

~

x ~l

I X ~\

VIII~\

VII

~I

VI

~w

~

Q2 ~I

Qr ~

QJ.:hl

A... .lit I

xvi

oi.\ J~ ()A lh.il J~ ~I J ~J_;hll ~I 1.5_ihA LJ-G h:i:i wl.fo) ~ ~\,j,o ) ,~ ~i.J (.j4.JC) ysi w~ cy:J ~~ ~ ~~ o.l;l~ w\..JS ..li.J:!1 ~ J,JJ .I~J ,~b

:_q '

••4J J ~ ..;• d-•.:q _,.....-

-~~~ •.l:=.:il\ ..?-·~~~---oil . r:-~WIJ ~I ~J , ·o.JA JS J ~~\ J~ LJ-G ..l~l . o~ WI~ ·-'1 .d.illl r--·'-~ J • .. J"-'

c.s*"""' ~

~

J

~Y....J'"' ~

J1F~ ,~1~1~J ,~~~~~.l;l~l.a.:~.J:!~~JS

I.A..J..lb.J JW\ri.J .JJ~I

J

A.riAil.IJ ~\.:ill ~I o..lUI ~~ • 4.J ... ,_: ':ll.d.illG ,_ .:t..

~&.

- : 0: ~

.J

.JJ~ ~ ~1 , ~IJ ~twi.J ~I 1.5~ uc G..l.:..J.i ul9 , Ip i · I , c::-:• •o-1\ wW y~ - -:.::_ .1 o.l.ljll o~r:-· .11 ---I\ I~ ~.) - J ~I 4.J.i\:i.ll -

~ ,~~ JS ~J .~ J~ ~ill ~I.J..l! ~ ~ o..lt!)'l ufo ui uts o~ ~Y.YJ ~ ~ ~.) ~~ ~~\ , ~.JA).\ wl.a.a4JI c.JA l.A~ .J , o.JAW~ ~..)A \11 .6..-4J~ . ~lyJI ~ ¥WI.J ~_;al\.J

xix

~ill\

J I

to last forever 0

to make lasting

-

...1

•

'

-

0

0

0

~E

II 0

~~

...1

~~

to pay attention to, to notice I , ,

0

,

...

..

..

..

.J '-"" ·- ~b..:.11 . - ~.J - .J - ~ - - t.,? ~ _,..... ; - .J_) . -

to delay

to be delayed

V J;;:;

0

~1: -.. 11 · U.J""""'Y""

:

.........

_. .iiL

Y'

.

! ..

..

.•11

_ -- -

t~

~~

_j,p.G

:; ~

'' lo:l.:J:i.S

.r -..

w:il

~.II .JY

.J to associate as brothers

~li.l).:.

III

. ~jji.:.\1 ~~~j ~ ~~~lj 0.1-?:'~1 ~ (~j

to associate together as brothers ...

0

-'WI

·~

;

f'

)l:...~l

0

VI ~

· w--•.q -

:o

-q

..?

)..G

, :;" . . 11 1.:.;_._·. - 1,;$.;,•,1. . y - i' u ~J J""'"' ~ .JC c..? ~ U"" ,... . , :;.-- .

II

v

~

~G

.,;."'..

~Iii

~G

. C.JL:J] .P1 t_,..;:.Y. ~ ~4- :if:. ~~0~1 ~~ ~G . ... . ...

JSI

8

J ..s jSG

~~

JSI

to eat

I

to corrode

. G.\ ~ ~) ~ ~ ~~ t-0 l_:jSj VI ~G ~~ JSG '· -,.;.G, t~1 ~ . o'_.)_G:..\1 ~~ : . :

u to be familiar with s.th.

J

I ~~ ~G ~i -- · 1 . wl - .)G:..\1 - ~'G.., . - c.F· ~.)- ~~ ~L- ~- ~ ~

to write a book, compose

~G ~~ ~~ . ~~4yl ~ ~~ y~ ~8 ~ti.:.~1 .Jj II

to harmonize

~)WI..

III .

to be made up, composed of

~I, >.! ·'

~i

~~ - ' .·-·y·· I U:H :·- ~I- ~ ·' (.):j J- J· t.:., ,J U:l-?- J

~8

V

~~

~8

:i..4l5; w'ii 4..i.J • j · l1 -- : ~.:. ~ ~i1 ~~ ~b· ·-_ . .JI.,?'~~r-:--'II

to be in harmony

VI

,_ _

,

,

...

-

w..l~

w..lt:i

-

...

w..lli

. Laf~k..:.. yl_,t..,i (.)A \ AH! ~~I ~~ ~)lil

VIII

to be united

. tl ··~'I - w\.!~1 · - ..J-*'J -

-

', :

~G --

J v

to shine

~t:i

.,~:.I

q~)li~1 J'-'.:: - '-1.! _i 1

~CJ'-=1

~~ ...

I -

J 1J ...

;_;J~

::;;

..;!8

• y) ~~fl.~ y~~~ :L.u:. ~~~~~ I : 'J-':!\

•

....J

_) ...

to spit

;o

0

..

J.

o .,.

_.

0

J.Y.

I J

......

... o ...

o

J

J~ "',...

: ~" · ' lll · I.:: -:. ·--·'1 ··· - "J_J9J "· w~l · ":i.:i!ll i.J.J - - (.,)""' _) I,S"*' ~ t.J-~AA - ~ -

I

~

;

" l,j..J7" -- ··.:i\ "

_)

•

....J

.6 ......,.

....J

J

to spread out

J.Y. ~

J

"~l..i~l ••

.

•

J

'

~

•

•

~

23 •

to simplify

J

h; ·_,!~

II

~

..b:..J

;; · -~ · ~1 1.: 1:~ - ·.- -ill, ~U1~·- u:j ~ti:..G1~ J- J- ~.,;. . __)~ ~ ~Y-":l (" ~

to be informal

,, __

-~

to treat informally

J

J.. .. ..

...

'i '

..l~i

J

- ·

-

~:

-

b.O,)~j

'~~

o

k.OU:~~

. ~~I~~~~

-

"

"'

~

o "'"

~I

k :,yi~. ~~ y\..;.~ . - ~~~

.hi :.:,y,)

X

o

J

.h~)

VII

to regard simplistically

J

J

0

J~l..b....\.Jl

.h.:..~ \.,;.jiJ -~1

lb. ~ .--:.: .\L.;, L,,-,,~1. u:j ~--?i 'i

. -,_: ~ -

. -;: J ~ ~J

to be delighted (in)

..

...

~~

i..•u:,~

V ":, ~~ ~~~ ~ts III

. _;~, Jc.

-

• J s,

J

...I

•

...I

•

~

I

to hate o

, o'o

~

o

~

J o

. ~.:Jy.li.J ~)ri_J ~\ ~

1.....\j, ...

J

0

o

~IY., ;_)S.li.J ~\

,

,

'!f. .. J.

~~

II

to make hateful

J:o~)j

to hate

•. ~\.•

IV

to hate

0

·• - , ~ - • ~~~I I~

. ~ -r'.

to hate each other VI , , c-:. :,~.:. ~il . ..- Liiil .J' ~\. --- ~:~\ (.J.)

-

-

'. ·''

.

:;,

J

-. ;.l

~

U""'

..

..

~ J

J

JS I-~~, . - ~ ~.JA.J -·

\jW

-

~~ J..£~ ~~ : ~ ;~ , lJ\ Ji:. y·.1 ..r. wc.t...::J' i..J_,..-c . - I..>"

1. to seek to attain

2. to treat unjustly

~ ..l..:..l ,, .J' J.,::.j .

:

I. ' ·.lj,

I..Y.'~

· " \,::

lJ\ ~~ '. ·- · ·- I~W-

~c..s--1....>" .. ...

-

29 ~\.i:;j\

VIII

to aspire (to)

:;.\

~-

· ·~.::i\ - , :{~\ ~\ .;.: ~: .: ~ ~ .)'+""": : ~ lF-J

;j~.oiil

. -- -

to stain

--· -

~

t .

~

II

.

..!

~

.~• ...1

. ~~J '-?~ ~ ~~~ ~~" ~"

.

.v ~ ~ ~ . WI 0~ ~L.. ~~:, ~~ "~" ~

to be stained

..

..!

...1

..) ..s

...1

•

to remain to keep to be left over to retain, keep

to be early

·..

II :

to be ahead

_I

.. ,

(.)y~

~, ~..o ~ 1.:

. •Y.

~ - .1:.~

. • -J •

;

...

0

1' :'1

(.)A'U

;

1~

•. : ' ~ ..( .~11 c..r.

• ..~< ·~~

p~

• ~I .J .• 11

0

.c~ ~ -

--- - : -

•

j.~

J..a.;.-J~ - -:: , r-A~ · ' -.q~.. u:I ~n.:.. J

IV ... ...

\~

o_fi~

III

to be early

( ·.~

~

•

•

J

:

-.'-" -- -• . .Uh -- ~ . ~;~,· - . 11 .;j_j...)"""

J 1. to wet 2. to recover (from) to make wet

to recover (from)

to be wetted

to be wetted

J

...J

•

31

J to confuse

~

Q

~

j

•

'.

~

~

•.• ~ i1 :" ill ~.l;..~ , lk.. uL. .1: -. · :1 -~ ~ -. .:;--;~ to become confused

Ql ub.~l • ~

. •

-: '-?

~ ~ ~ jb.A :H :i' J

. to make a clean copy

. -

'

IX

•.

~

I

•

~~

•. -·-

•. -·1

~

.. _

i.J"">:H_

. ~J~I.J cyll ~ ~j ~~ ~:jl ~~IY, ~.Jti=.

-

-

t to sell

..

..J

.

..J

~

rf..·,,-

37

(,.J •

to pledge allegiance (to)

to buy

I

1 . to be evident 2. to be separated from

to make clear

to discriminate

to become evident

to seek clarification

J

-

lJ.H.:

38

'-J

•

to be destroyed

I

~

....J

•

~

.

....J

~

~~~' ~ ~: .;j l_,l\.9' ~j -!lli; Jc .G:,c.~ (~) ~ jY"yl J:.,.ji. ~ ~I;~;;,?

to be stabilized

t to follow

to follow up

to trade

to trade

'-J

•

..

....J

u IV ..:Jaw) ._ · -. • j ~ .. :j :I,~~ jl.J1

to present unique work

. • ~ c.j

- ~ I

-

-

39

.

..

~

..J

'' •:- ~j

~~ o~ ,;; .. ~j

·

lY.' • ,

;

.

..J

I

to translate

,.

..,

u to live in luxury

o;.J

J

..

4.J:i ~Y:! ~y . ~yJI JJ ~~~\ ~ ~~ ~j

I

'-AJl

.

.

J

' w~

.. ..J '-A._,>J

w

" -'1-i.;. ,,,:, i..F--L, (..):I .ik-.>-'-. . .JC-! Y' -- --I ~ -.~~~ . J- ~~ '. y;. . - <Slt.i:;_)AJ.r' c --- . ~ ..

-

...

to be completed "'

II !"':!-~ ~ ~ ~ .d.i.t...:.. tc .. ':I ·.·.11 wul .. · 1.:: · ~~ '· -· . . ~ - ? .Y-.} c.s- c.J . ~

to check

;; J

to complete

-

...

.....

0

...

~WJ

IV

J

"'

~

...

"'

~i

. ~~J.J~~~~~~ ~~ - -

..

to repent

I " •.JA-1 ~ - VIII

to uproot . ,:

'I

&

~

~I -~

,_

~

~

.• •-

~

. ·-- ~ ' Silil ~

~

~~)

.).J .

,;,~?)

c

.

.~ .~?)

.-.il iJtS ~.J.J ~~ j- •~I JS~ ~tS \~.:: il ~I -- . ~ ·-

·~t3.:r-

-- :. --

50

~

,.

:.

....s

....:llil.

•

to oppress

to kneel

~_?..{.. I ~

I

to be ungrateful

-

0

,-

J

~

',.;,?1 '!t'J

J

,;.

. ~ji. J ~~L.:....:. ~ .u ~~ L. ~ ~l.:l .U)

.

'

I .1._?..{.. ~ ~ . 0'11 ~:;;

to be serious, new

o..l.;o- I ..l.;o-

I ...

...

0

J

0

..

~

0

•

I

16

;.

~

....

;

~ /.

~

0

· • ,'c::l ~..>'!: · .lJ~IIAw;_;. o:l::...ll'.J , " J• ..ft"' ·.. 11 ~ J.:.JI " . "'•t.F"'..,. - . • :

to renew

J'!i .- J

II

..l~

- I :.

..

. '7 ~ ~ to become new . 0~1

J;,.~A_;J:-

~~

V 0.J..l

-~

~

:. ·.I . ·• . .) ~ ..l..l.;o-

. ~-!"""

~·,?~1

.:l~

~LWI ~~~I ~_}..::JI GIS].~· ~.)~ ~,? ~ :,)

X

to enter as a new factor •

~ •

l _)A .. j rA · '~1

\ .z. ~ .·,l

't: ~ ~ ~ ...);!-'-" - ..~i .).JA • (~\.;,~. · .1•

~

51

J

..)

to be suitable, worthy

~jl~

I

J J

0

~

•

-,-

....

.)~

.)~

u•

J

~

J,

J

~

•

to row

J~

I

to twist, braid

-

J~ t.:ul.~ ~ -

J~ -.

. ..>: - · ~ lA ~ - • -. j,x;.j :I -· u to argue with

•

.-

~

III iiJ~ I Jl~ j~~ JJL?. • ~ 11 ; .• -.< . · < , ~ ·I ~ill ; -~..)~ :I . ~u-: ~I.,? ~ ~ t..r- . y _ . • u ~ . :-

to carry on a dispute

VI JjW jJ~ JJW ~ ~G11 uti. ~ .r' ·.-.i1 j ~ · - wiJ : -~J~ _ _ _ ~ _ UY . • 1~W_

J to give a present

, ·-

I

~

•

I~

J~

- -~~~' l.b.. . ~WI ~ -- . - ii~l.....J~ - ;

.-

to give as a present

~~~)

IV

--

l?~

!.J

to plead

X

~~~~ · --

~ -,.;. ~:,1 (,? _. - ...)""'

l.....l~l

. ;

-

~

_..

'-:-l..»

ly.;..._ -~ . I

i, wt\~ :,1\ ~ ~-- - i..S--?H

,

,

0

_.

'-:-l..?.-:1

'-:-l ..»

I . _Iii -.~~~ ·.:.~l" l.....l -- "LiS- r', ,.;.{:,~ -! l;)Y"' .J:l-'1-l ~ . ..»

.

-

-

~_;...:; I ~_;...:; Y~ '-:-l..» I : ~'l/ ~~~ ti '. {_ ~~)G -- ~ti:.~l ~ ·-,

II

to try

. - ..); '-?

, ~'i.S~

-t·.t..:.,;. ' ~ ~'1!-":

--

f " ----

t""

. ..?.-:/

53

to wound, hurt s.o.

.,. 0,

I

c~

~~ - - - : . -~ • ILJ

, . .. C.?.-:! J• •

c~

~ • -II ~ -_iI -:..a.l

. -C~~ : ~-" · -

II &P (fi.:i t~ .u~~L . . .J ~ ~I ~ LA I ~ ~~ . -- ; ~ .?-~ - - : ~ .J : -1

to malign s.o.

JJ

J

•

-:

'

J

to be cut, wounded

to commit

J

..)

-+

jfi.:i J~ ~ .C: ·.: i1 .ui' : jjWI ~~~ • -: ~ tk. kt..:JI ,-. .(~..)_I . --~ -- · .) tY.' -- . ;

to divest s.o. (of)

to be stripped (of)

II

:;~ jA ~~ ~t_.:..jl/1--·•il~l: ~ · , ; ~ '.:.;.i U! !•l/1 ~~ . - -' ~ - . tY.' ~ - -

V

- -

1. to pull 2. to bring down (upon)

1. to ruminate 2. to mull (over)

~p

54

'!I

. yr.-:;JI ~Y'

to bring into disrepute II ~wwS.~Jt,§ .~..J . .. • J -;

J....?.-:1

U., j?. I U., ~

I

to ring

u..~

J '

~ _).l.JI

~~

U" y.

u.. j?. :J_,ij J

;;

U.. ~

...

U" y.

. -. L ~ • .::;ljS f'- ~....1~Y."· - .: _, . ~ '-? .l)y~

.J '

to scrape, crush I J:. ~ J:. ~ U" y. -- ·I u:j (.f,ll f") .illl f' \..:... y§·'1 CY - '.l U" -. , · - :j' WI ~WI ' l.l:.i:..l . L:.W ~~tS -- . ~ ..?.-:1 u ~ - t -

--

-

t to gulp .

tk

t~

I

.J

Ql 'i - ~ 'i : ; ' - ~~ , I ~~ - _)

to let gulp down

J

II J

0

0

~ i'

: J

~~

t~

...

...

J

'

. .UC L:.t. j ~ IJ:lll 4.i. ~

to gulp down

· 1-"'1

VIII ...

.

J

L:.W ·

...

;

" ' - -- ' I

-+

tY. tY. U:P' ' - :

t~ ;

0

J

01 JJW 'i

'; . .

-. ;. 1

t~t~ t~;:; ... ... .. ,.., ... r; ...... " - " -- ' - " • · 1 ~~ "' I

~~ ~' ~y~oy >-J

u•

t~-

.J

to shovel (away, out) I ~~ ~~ '-iY. : ~~ t.- ~~~ I~IJ.U.:.I ·~ II c~ ' ' ; ~\.!I .fi"" ··- i1 ~~~. . ~~ , ... ~ -- ~ - _l..>-":l_,....... - t- \j ~ ~ to be swept away VII ~~~1 ~.A ~Y.J1 ' l ··lwt.i~l .; -cwiJI ~ t:iJLs1 --~ .ii ' LU~I J- ~~~~~ - :1 . ~ JY ; ~ - ~J ; - ~ _) . . - ~-

to commit a crime

to criminalize

55

to run

I '

to cause to run .

to concur (with)

0

.... ..

~: 1

uuu::~

.

r.;k

'-?....?....

..

•

-

LS....?.11

..

\11'~)\Sli~T --

.J .

-+

J

c.j ~ .J.J.J

. ~~

J.

• - 11 1~1 -

·-~ '-? -!H

- .J

II r.;~ LSY?. ~ - · - ~~ ·. -. , t:Jjl · -. ~1 i1 -wl • -' : ~ ~ J · -- • ; -_,.... y,_

-

. ~6.11 ~ ~j4. ~j' c.S~i ~t..:.l:, ~y ~~ j

to embody

-.6.

1.5.) .

II

~

--.

~

, -~ ,

~

~

•

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to be embodied

~

•

to feel

to spy

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to enlarge

II

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I; :u?

l ...Ja

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'-- ~1 -!Y''~l :i ~ ,. _,: \..:UI~- ~' ~ .~ c~I~..

58

I

to be greedy

to become curly I ~~.P. ~?~ ~ wLu .-' ;

to be bordered (with)

V

. ~~_;.J~ .~ ,\1,:1 ~.J ~\ ~~ '~-?tSl\ ~~

.b

to clarify

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k

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to oust

IV

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v

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61

to uncover, reveal

VIII ~~~ -,;;}~?) ~! : 1...~ .• .1 ~I ~(l ' ' •.• 'I - 1~.:. 1 ~ L.:..lh;;, ·c-:-~~J ...)"-"' 1.,?-'7" u J

to seek clarification

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.

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..clJS ~ .:¢1 - ~ yj1 - lY.' t-"'"""

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to bolt

.

to be frozen

I

to freeze

II

to be frozen

v

J ' '

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.

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t to collect

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. ::1:1~' ,_y~.~ "~i' ~~~li.~\ ~Lp1 ·>:? to assemble

to copulate

to assemble

II

--

62

to have a meeting

·~I

VIII

t -· -

to gather

to be beautiful

.

J4

I ' · b;.

·~

0;

...

J.

' 'AI . Ull JL...:;.. c.,r. 'l. , ~ c.,r'-!" .

to make beautiful II ~b~ ~ ~ ~ wl~l · 1·...::-?-:! ...

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.)hi • ..

J

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67

to be adjacent to each other

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to seek protection X ~ J? !-'"! .JJ? 1.',) J? 1,',! ·.~il c.s1..: I.J~ : , : ? ~.;. ! "X : ~I (.5"'~'I j~ ~ .; , o -.~~~ ~I- , o · 1 --.i1 · .a..:.. ~ .k:i. • • ~ .~ • • • .J .)y lY.' - : _,~

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to make the pilgrimage

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to reason with s.o.

III

to protest

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72

v

to be hardened

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76

to fight one another VI ~.)b.:. Y.)~ y _JGj I_ .4j~ 1..: I~ -:~11 ~ · · \-.J , wl-:. -.1 : · bi; I ~1:. . ~~14.1 _ _ -~ • c.r• ~ U .JU - __,.,....

.

'

I ~~ ~~ ~y.. ~~~ wl)...:iw : ~,-- : ~1 : ' Sliil -- • 1

to plow

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I

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~

to forbid s.th. to s.o. to embarrass

.

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C~ C.Y"'-:1 C-?' 1..: · .. ·.1" . ";/

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to be on guard against

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to be careful, wary

.

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to improve

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. ~~_),c. ~~~0tS \.,;,~ .ili:2;1jl ~ to make s.o. memorize II 1:.1?; ~ l:.kj k .J to keep, maintain III ~~ I i.t4 ~~ .WL:;.

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to make inaccessible

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to live

to greet

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to hide

to hide o.s.

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to be sly, malicious

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to be tinged with henna

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to become tinged with henna VIII .

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to make green

to become green

to surrender

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to subject to

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to be mistaken

lb.

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toaccuses.o.ofanerror II ~ :,!:.;.~ ~Lj ~ .ci ~~~ i . ~ ~ ·.i , ~ • • ~ ·• ~~ ~ L~ ~ :I ~i '1 1 1 1 l.>"':" ·~~~~ . ~L>" ~(.) · to make a mistake

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to give a sermon, speech

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to become engaged

I

to talk to, address s.o.

III 4~ I )tS • L ~tii :I '

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to come to s.o.'s mind •

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to walk with a swing

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to be dangerous

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to lose balance

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118

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J to be devoid (of)

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II

to train

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v

to be or become trained

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to be brought up to

I

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Y.J~

.

Y.J.ii

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to advance gradually

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to include

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to advance gradually

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t~:i3

t.J~

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t.J~

t.J:i3 ! - u:,U:. -.i\ . . j : •:i3 :ill ~ - - y ~ c.r- [.J t.J~!

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X

r 1 .J~!

t.J·)~:. ) t.J~!

. ~j ~Y:..J ~)G. ~i£,i~ J) i\ihll J.,.lll t.J~!

127

I

to study .

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~~

II

to instruct

J

. ~I_)~ I L). _Jj

u.. :U:i u..~~

u..~j

u..}I~

u.._)I~

. ~~!~.;, ~ ~')·_":'? ~ ~~~:, ~~~ 6,:.~j to study together

to study together

VI

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VII

to go to ruin

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to correct

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~

X

to supplement

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wl · •-tl· t..bjl ; - ~ - ~ Y"

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128

to dissemble w! . l....il::.L • : .U...W, _ _ Y__,\ co ,

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to let know, inform

0

0

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to pat

to make a profit

I .

to make s.o. gain a profit

~..J

II

~ .J·i ,! ~ J

~

v

to request earnestly

o -· L:;.~I

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to wish, to ask

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t) ~~ ~j 1.:: .\.] ~J~ -, :1_ ! - ~~ - > ·,,-. ~ . Y:/~ ~Y.

VIII

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.

.

~l..:..j I ~j ~Y. ~.J .~...~! : ·--~ '-;1 ~ W'J' -~~ 4.:J~..:.. - "·.: G~L ........,UJ :ts..Ji -- ~ .J t- - (.).. -· Y.... ~ -- -. (.) .

to be spacious

I

to welcome

•

J

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I ~j ~Y. ~j '-JJ~I J~ - ..:. ~-'l.J;-:i...l!~..:;. oll:.. ~. ~ ~.) 't.:- - 11 . ; . -

to depart to make s.o. depart •

~- ·..:il.J~L..~I ' 1-··il --~_,....

~...

to have mercy

~j

II ,.,

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to plead for God's mercy

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V

VI

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to show love and mercy for one another · ljj~l .~ ---!L.:.JI ':-l-

~~~

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jS ~· w ;i_ ~ r"" ' ' I --~'1 .~ ....>""

150

to ask for mercy

to be cheap

to license - ' L.:. •ll '- -- - - -G..:., ,

. ~

to find s.th. cheap

X

i.,?~~~~~.J-

.• ; ,_ :;. -

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·· ..lw;.~ .• ,;G:;.: , .• ;. , ~ :!G..J~ - '~ 1 . ~ - . - -; ~ ("+l - c.J~Y-'-":! ' - c.J.J! ("+l:

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J to become loose

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IV ~G..)) ~~ ~.Ji ~~ • 1..:: . 1 ~ • 11 : , -. , , - 1 ~ - i1 ~ • j 1S1 ~..,?"'*" ~ LY.'~

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to slacken, be remiss VI tl) ~l.fo ~IJi ~- r-.JI.S"-Y ~~ - : I ; .GsJ, ~I~ ~~w - : Jll.\;.~1: ~.J- \..::.. . _ .J .. - --· ; ~ to become relaxed

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X

. '-\J ; --?:

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to repeat 'II

to hesitate, spread

V

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151

:;\~.)!

VIII

to apostatize

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to get back

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to prevent I t..lj tj~ t..l..J ~!I t' j Y•.l\.J' ~ ~- .\,:: ~Y-.q ~\~ U.:.L..l ~ :.c: I~~' w....!l - 1.:: 0 l..i.J I \j :I ~· ·~ -- yo r.s- •..J ; yo U to be prevented

VIII . tjJI

ti~.J!

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to come next

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to draw

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to correspond

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to allocate

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to consent

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178

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to commit adultery

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I

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•

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to abstain

-

o. ..

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to bloom ' - •.11

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to flourish

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VIII

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to destroy .

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t.Jij . ~.JIJ ~s '-5"~ :~:,, ~i ~~ tJ~J, ~~~1~i tJJI ~

to intermarry

c.Jij

VI

VIII

to pair, be double

r.JI.fo

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to provide

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to make a higher bid III ~:ijijA ~l~ :ijlj fl .:\ J4 ·j _)W : .l.ll, Y-·' UJ_)_P.: [.;. U" • ul ~~, wl~l · - A..:;.\:91 . u......._ . _) J . ~ _ _UJ • Y' - , Jk.fl

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to be supplied (with)

i_q . ~-~ VIII

to increase

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X

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181

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to sneak, leak away V y~ Y~ ~~ - \J1 .J·-~ ~ :~~ ~ -,cj '-':!...?· - (.$",i1 c.5 j~, '-'-.)llill.b.j · ~ - .. Ltl '· W1w • . ; . ~u-! ... .. ... - ~ .) . _;.uu _.,

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to confide

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to be hasty

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190

-1- -

to steal

I

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to be stolen

VII ...

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c.i to become valid

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to dispel s.o. 's worries

II

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III _)i.:. ~~ )~...:.. _ {_ _ · · ~\ ~ "w.iJ 1.~ - • i -- - ~~ .L_:: ~ - :\....., . (J~ cs""'.Y' c..r - - - - ~Y" t:" ~ _;9

to result in

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to shed (blood)

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I

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cili..::.,

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•

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to call s.o. I s.th. foolish

II

.

-

.

US..:.U\-

193

.

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to fall

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to let fall, drop

.-

~

-

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..

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to make sick

..

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to make s.o. drink

~

I

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to give s.o. to drink

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to search for a drink .

X

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V --

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199

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to poison

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II ~J?-."..'i ~: : ~ a......\..i..b . I IC::I . - JS. -· -. 'wiT· ·_.:.'I~ ""

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to be poisoned

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w...A..o\Jol to be or become fat I t;, ·-·I ~L...:.. ~ ~ ~. .,1.;. ~; u:1 ~, . o_.:ll~l..l ~ - L;,,-,JI . ~ ~~ .)- ~~. ~0 . :-J ~ to make fat

to rise (above)

to tower

to title, name

to be named

to call one's name

~

200

c _,• to occur

~

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to support

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to back

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to lean

0

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to use as basis

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to pass (a law)

to estimate s.o. 'sage II 0J]··. ~ ~ ~ .:J~I ojl . . J .ii " · · ·:. oJ. ~ " 1~1 ! i.l1 - .~~~ . - , - ~ . ~ - ~ .J - - U.J (..r-. to follow (a course, way) VIII ~ 0i:.~ 1 " t. · - ..: : - ' · \ - lA. ' ·j j : IS ~\:,; i.::., ::. I · - " · ( ) J'Y"Y ".11 J' ~ " • '"!t":~l>"'Y!-.J Y. U ~l>"'. (...)-"'

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Y+~ to elaborate (on)

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201

to make sleepless

+

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I

to be easy

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to be lenient

VI

..

J.\L::..:i

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J.\L::..:i

-,;L.:..iJ.. ~~ '::-'· ~)i.J .-:- • 'i ~GA. : - ~ _).JA

I : ,;. • ~ U"'

to deem easy

to contribute to participate

J to forget, overlook

I

+

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202

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I

T ·... i1

1. to displease 2. to get worse

~~

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-,! •.q 1~ ~· -.; 1 :~j :l.:j U: j 1~ ·..~.!:'"" ~ .Jt.;., Lo;,,j .!:'"" -· - ~ ' t - ·· ~ ·~-- , ~ wl G:..ll 1..: ' ;:, ':l '._;I : ~ _ .J , r..s- ~ .J.J..r UY1..!

to walk

0

o

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to set in motion 0

II

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to get along with

III

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to control

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to flow, become liquid 0

to make flow, liquify

I

IV

205

to be pessimistic ...

.

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0

VI

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I

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II.

0

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\..:.j\..l J~ti:i:i

to become a youth .

°

' ~ ~o)·)

y.2;,

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-

-

-

to cling to

to satisfy one 's appetite

8

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I

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to gratify (appetite)

t~l

-

~

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to participate (in)

to be a polytheist

to participate (in)

to participate

.)A '-'

213

to be greedy

;~

I

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o);JI

-

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to buy

VIII

.X

to deteriorate .

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to halve to share (feelings)

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1 '. ;_ ·. , -.~ :,_~1 - JS~ l - '

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: 1·.. ~1 :( '.'-~.

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to be divided .

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J l.. _=:.i)

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jb :~.i}

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J to feel

to sense

to spread

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to make s.o. feel

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IV

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2 14

to radiate

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247

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267

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277

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to treat

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a; ;

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1:.~.; ~~ :_

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0 ...

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II

.~r.); :' ~6. - , ~~..oil • : ~L::J - - ~_,J_) -

•

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-r·

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,&,

I ~ ;,Ji ~ t:C J)l.;. ~ ~J - -, ~ ·- j;_J· ~ : ~~.·,.; . . __ _y. -U:G -· i1 ~hL- 1... ; ~~ -

to make gain

~Gt.j

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~

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J - ~ -

to take (the opportunity) ~I ·

.I

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~~)

VIII jl •. I

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I.,?

J

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302

to be wealthy

to sing

II

to suffice

IV

.: .

~GL1

~

:

l.iie I • i

. -.} - - Lj

: - I~ •. -~< ·: ' , ' -- .;_w L. : I uc~ ~ U:

to become rich VIII ~~! '-.?y;•) ~! ' ~ \.;: - ~ - ...:IIJ;._~-y - ~ ~-.rY- : I ';.,j~, ..~< ' ~I ~ :: :1. .JWc. __ _ _ .) __ i..S"""'f'..F" - - .J - 1·~-?:" to spare, have no need X ~, :,;};·! ~·· ~ ~! 1 1-··.q L:....l'·-y -~-· - .-."-'-":!

,;,;i~)

,~ II

to be eloquent

•. - ! : ~~ ~ ' y··'I J, ~-b·p~~

II

c !oij

~~~ ~~ tAj~ t...S ~WI ~\U. ~-? ~_,1.:.~1 ~ ~) ~u;.;,

~ CJ' 0 i~:~ . yjill

~

to affect mastery of language V .

~~

to affect mastery of language VI .

c: :oa!)

~

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~~

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J to draw blood

:;~

I

J

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V

to drip

Voi~J

0

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0

J

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J

J., ; ..

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318

•

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to dismiss

I

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,

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0

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0

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l)

.

JJ._...~~ j:... ~j ~ . ~S~Lj~~~, jjil1 ~i 01Gj:,L:..

to make clear

to bargain

III

w n'_--il

li..::.ti.:. ~~

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-.:. • q L:UI.l ' j ~'W~I · _; · J....)ji ~ j ~· - ~j :I GJ . t:. _. ~~ U~\

. . ~..?-"'*'

to be separated

VII

j. f'~~'J

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to be split

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I

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VII c~! C'f'~:,J ~! i..:: ~OA~i~.;J --- ' : ~~~··j ' ~ :: ~~ .~ -- -- ~ c::-:-:- YJ u Y' ~ VIII ·w1 ' · ;:. - ~ ;: 1 C __ ~ ~-

to be exposed

to be exposed .

~lj ~)j' ~_y.j t· _;.,~~~ _:,1 ~_y.j t, ':..ii!: J~ ~) ~~

•

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•

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to break up

I

to be adjourned

. ~ ~J ~ t\..4?-~1 _};~I~ VII ~~! u':..ii) ~!

wl I ;

i1 ~Y" --~11 : .lo.lt.i,jl · ~t..... ~ ' w.:;,.~1 •. ::1 l)J -- ~ • . t -. - ~-

. • _) _;! u-': -

319

• ..! to excel

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to prefer

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to compare

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III

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tii

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todoafavor

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to be distinct

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J..i.\4

J,.i.l.i:i

~~J ~~ F: 'i~ J..Ull ~~ 'i

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J,.i.l.i:i

j

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to break a fast, eat breakfast IV

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II ....

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320

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I

to be weaned

VII

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p:.,i\1

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~ ~~ • (i• 0J \S~ ~~ ~ ~J' .Gj\~ ~~~~~~~ :ill IV

0

to inspect

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VIII

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topop .

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to massacre

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to combat each other

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to combat each other

VIII

0

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i,;ij

330

to be or become rainless

i.;jj

IV

.

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to drag (into)

IV

c to vilify, slander

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to fire , ignite

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to be decided to settle down

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334

to nibble J

0

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to become extinct 0

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to borrow

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to ask for a loan o.i..J.l.b o .cl.Ull 0 J

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to live in austerity

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to be negligent to confine (to)

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VIII o;;:i

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338

to narrate

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(.btii

341

to discontinue, to be cut off

t ~)

thii) L..w Uc ~)~l .~~;i.~I.J wlji.:.. B )L:..

VII 0

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6;h~i-; t• li.:i§l -- - th~il:t..~.·.-.~1~ ·j: i •., th~i-; ·~i' . .J~.J-i- ili J:. U.CI•~;.-, .GI _)~l Jl ~

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Y9

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to become deserted

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to jump

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to close

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Jill)

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344

to pull out

to take off(plane)

to uproot

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to be less

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to diminish

to transport

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IV . • _;:;1 ll -~(.5"':

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2. to be independent

J to shake

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X

l.togetinto

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345

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Y.

0

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to suppress

to shoot, hunt to take advantage

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to despair

0

IV

to make despair

0

bii) .l:ill . -. jS ~~(.j : - .- ·I ij:~

id) bj;j ~~ J;.~1 iliJ- 'GJ .tiu (.j·I ~Lj~-

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tomask

U:.Y" · - ~tS ~ • ~:. o,

0

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to be content

0

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to arch

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X ~til.:.! jJ!~.'..j ~ ~ ~ -.i~..J - , ~L~ - :L;..:;, 'sk--'.;1

to resign 0

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to evaluate

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0

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ij J) ~~ ~ .AJj' y~l ~~ () _:jjh

351

~

to topple, fall

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I ~ '~ ,S) ~ ··~ I -.)( : 1 ~~~I . - i.:: .:.iJ :.i .G1 ~ ' ;i · -!..Y"' - ~ . : ~JlS"'""' . ,(.)' ~ I'

to bend over, focus on

y~J

IV .U~I ' :

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to bend over, focus (on) J

ll ~_f ~~ ~~ Gl, Y;~ 'i • uS\ '...J""

IV :i.iJ:,-.i, ~.; ~

J

J

v

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y ~ ~~ ...::;,j -- ·

to force

X .

to sleep

I

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ofo

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ws \~ :

•."-}WI.;,.;.( . ~~ - .r ~)l.S t,;;,.l ~~.J- '~u.:.ll ; c_.

A..., _;

y

J

J J

to cause s.o. grief

I

to compress (wound)

II

wk.\.....

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to sadden s.o.

..s

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~ " U:" : U~J : • _, _ ~i,& . o..l .. JH' _ • U: lt_..jl~ _ J ~•

J

'i::', :s:i - ·~~I - • ~iu Ui~l u- 1~ . -- -; . - U'L'? ~J

to shrink, be self-absorbed VII ~~} j.4 ~} .~ i.: t: .;Jl-l .:.; c..j· l U~ ~ ~~. :.s\1 J· , J.:;.1~ c..j· j, ~~ ~. ~·~11 ' n:' • • i.S'""" _, • ~ j..;&1. _ • U'"":i

J to be completed

..4

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365

to complete II ~~ - ..:11 WI · " ~.) • 1.•"""'" -

VI t).)(:i ~~ ~)\:i ~)(:i t.:i':ll ~ 1.:: o..l ·.11 • -~ .11 · wi.J~I ~ ~~ J.J - .?.-_,.... r.Y~J 0

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0

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to vanish

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0

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376

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J

V ~ Jo!...l~J ~ ·.; · L~ ' ' ~b.;. -i! ~~I ('+J - .J - - -

to show OoSo friendly and kind 0

0-

to be polite

~~

VI -.:"~' o o. ~

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V

0

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to like sooo I Sotho

X 0

,.

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L

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I i4 ~6. ~.)\i. ' " .) ~I I"" - Ll -

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p.b~! rl:o~ij f-b~i! i,·~.l\ ~~ ~j~_:,.;j1 ~~I Ji. ~jk. t~~~ l 1~l:o1i1 ~

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to play 0

0~ .;

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-9

to be distracted ,.

uc

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IV ~~) ~ ~~ ~i Ljj jtt w - ; . j : f : - ji;JI ., :ij ~

to distract

to be distracted

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u

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VIII

J

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o~~h

,

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to pollute

II ~I

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386

to be polluted

c

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I

to appear

"r.?./~ 0-0 . ~~ JAl t~ si1 to wave, signal (with) .

II ~_,b t~ t.Jl ~j.JA - ' ~.'ii.J Gl ' ·-~~ " n ·: , i ·ti..!1 uS ·: j -,.~ - - -: c~ ~ -->: . _;; u ~

j

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to take refuge

to chew

to blame

I . ~~ ~j .\i.lj~

1. to twist . ~ 'i

2. to care about to writhe

' :_;.

Jc r.?A 'i y.;.~ : 0)~ jt

V •

to be crooked

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: ~~. '.il ll ~, :,j;:.~ ~ (.S".

VIII

:;_f 0l j-!~ 'i ~I U:H - ~ . -; ~ :

389

X

to enjoy .

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L:19~ 1 ~ :.,:.,1 : fti~l - yl o~ o~l -- ~~~~ -- ; 1./: - LaC.~\

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J.,).~

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jSJ- :i..:i- ._;&:-· Y"' ·. -.1~ .J- :i..:i -"·- --~~ ..>Y'~~ va . G\./.11 - .~ - , y L ..>- ~ -

394

to practice (a profession)

v

to be or become sick

I

.

.

,. . . . u.o _}A:! ,

u.o _)A

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u.o _)A

.~..:n.J) ~~ ·1 · ~ u.o._r -. · · . ~ ~-

. .. .J. .

to nurse

J.. ~

~~

II

J

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IV

to make s.o. sick

•.q

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to feign illness

J.,.~

~_;.1

t\Jw ~li.~1 ~~~Li .):· 1 ~_)A .: : · ·1 • . ; • . ~)~ J.:..J~ ~.JW

VI

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l:l y

to be combined, blended

(J~

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VIII

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to intermingle, be mixed

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to joke

J

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(I).

III

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tJL.

cJ~

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J• to tear in pieces

. ...

I C...>" C. .JA:l C...>" .u;.c . I~ :)L:.. .Gsj- ' I •..~( ' -... .;jj ~ . j

· -- c.r : . to joke with s.o.

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to be torn

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to wipe off -#

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to stay

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c ..

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J

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to be salty

to salt

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to be full (of)

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.

to fill

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to consider s.o. I s.th. beautiful

to become smooth

I

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-il t.J.),.;.il 0~ ~Y.: ~i1a.;,i1 '1 ~~\ ~ Jc ~ ,!,J;,j ~I.Ai . j.:.~I.J :;bJ1 .iJ, ,! ,Joj.J ~c.;~\). ~:b..J :&1

h.:.)

IV

to cause s.o. to die

to pretend to be dead VI ~jW ~.J~ ~.JW .d..;,\ II .d_.;,b.J ' •. - .;Jj j_J - ~ - L..i:i' .. . ~ -,-.: .\i. Lcib • • .) '-5"': • . ;.J U""":lY' .r ..J .J - . c..r' ~ - .

ws

to make desperate efforts

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X

Gl 4~.·..] 0

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to be swayed V C~ t~ )lh.J- ~~ .. u: ~, .)WI - :(-.J , i...>.l"":i" ... ~;\ (.5"',~~ ~-~S ·I ~G:.J\w;... yu • ·; -- '"e-:' - (.5"',1, (.5~ Y' . c.j .) -

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to be swayed VI t.JW c.J~ t.JW Jk.. 1.:: , !.; '- ~ts - :i..JJWI ~~ .:i1 L..ll.:.u .. 1 .:. ._,, ·'WI ~ -W:i • • · - (.S"""'~Y"e-' .J ,.. -- Y"' :· :- ~ -.rf'- - C:.J

to finance to be financed

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v

406

w .J to supply with provisions

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to falsify

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to choose ..

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to distinguish

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to be distinct (from)

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407

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to incline, lean

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to be unclean

I

to make unclean

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t to resort (to)

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413

to result, arise (from)

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to predict the future

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to be rescued

I

to save

II

to confide (in)

III

to converse intimately

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to weep, wail

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to slaughter

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to transcribe

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1. to copy 2. to clone

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to be arranged

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to be in harmony

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to blow up s.th.

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to live the life of an ascetic .

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420

....a• to breathe, smell pleasantly • 1#

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to forget

to make s.o. forget

to pretend to forget

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1

to grow up

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G

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to bring up

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to establish, build

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IV

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-

to break out (war, battle)

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. • . •• • • r-A' ~j

to sing, recite .

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to ask to sing, recite verses X .:;, :~.;! ·,1 ', :.:.~ :. ) -,.~..,-;:. 1 . . ~I~ - .u.Jb · ~~ ~ -, .~,;~ :l .\i. I .i1_ · j ; ,:~.:.~ :,1 .J

- .J ---

l>"

-

,- - -

u

-

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-

to publish

to spread out

.

I

to be in discord

j~;~

.

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to be active, stimulate

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to activate, stimulate

II

to activate

IV

to inhale, sniff

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J

,~

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422

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to inhale

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Jo

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to steal

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J.:;w

to fill with rapture

I

to appoint, designate

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to exhaust, use up

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to pass through

to execute, implement

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to execute, implement

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•

to be carried out

to chase away

.

·-

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J

.

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III to invite participation in a competition ~~.ili1 ~. ..?-' -.:. i1 1:'"t!;'. ~ - ! ··1~~~ . .-; wlt~ • .

: - ~.J- ~ Gl .J! ' \i.:JI we .-

431

to call to fight

•

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I

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to cheer up, relieve

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J. ,

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to compete ~ ......

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to breathe

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to compete with each other VI i- . ~\ i1 .J~\~\I~ --\....~ (..}.U -- ·~ I_I.J · ~ · • """e-"'

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lsJ\ c.s-1.:: U: ~\ U·liJ, J'"'.~i\ ~ ' : Li:i:j ,

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to shake off, brush off

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to shudder

to serve, be ofuse ...

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to benefit (from, by)

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to paint (drawings)

to discuss

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to rescue

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434

to reduce, cut

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to select

VIII

to deviate (from)

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to be guided

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VIII ~~ .! ~~ :

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to perish ,o o~):a~J J) ~~ ~~ ~ ~)

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to pour down

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to be about to do s.th.

to take an interest (in)

to mumble

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to be delighted (with)

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0

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to collapse

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to get ready (for)

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to dread, be awed by

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to urge, encourage

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to be frightened

to be rough, agitated

.

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to be irritated, agitated

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457

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J to pour

IV

.

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to fall in love

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458

to bury alive

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to remedy, reconcile

to harmonize :

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to put out new leaves

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to be swollen

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c.i to disappear from sight VI Ull U.J:!C . ' UC : - lS_.> - IY.: ;. U·I ' . ~I _ • .J _)WI .j·: ~ r..>"

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to distribute

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to compare

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to continue

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Index abandon 118,445 abandon one's faith 372 abate 307 abdicate 414 abide (by) 375 abound (in) 173 absorb 210, 398 abstain 178 abstain (from s.th. forbidden) 271 abstain (from) 403, 465 abstain from 362 abuse 148, 206 abuse s.o. (for) 283 accelerate 258 accept 328, 329 accept a bribe 15 5 acclimatize o. s. 7 accompany 161 , 225, 476 accompany (a demon) 120 accompany constantly 375 accomplish 412, 430 accumulate 165, 365 accuse of lying 356 accuse s.o. of an error 110 accustom 169 accustom s.o. (to) 280 achieve 89 acquaint s.o. (with) 263 acquire 328 acquire a citizenship 63 acquire knowledge 322 acquire s.th. 346 acquire wealth 44 act 389 act arbitrarily 266 act as a broker 198 act as a mediator 466 act foolishly 255 act fraudulently 377 act haphazardly 102 act hypocritically 143, 432

act in opposition 73 act justly 259 act shamelessly with s.o. 390 act sinfully 316 act sluggishly 45 act unjustly 336 activate 320, 421 adapt (to) 368 add 243 address s.o. 11 0 adhere 376, 396 adhere (to God 's instructions) 396 adjoin 376 adjust 259 adjust o.s. 368, 471 administer 229 admire 257 adopt 33 adopt Egyptian ways 397 adore 266 adorn 34, 181 adorn (miniature) 438 adorn o.s. 34 advance 163 advance further and further 473 advance gradually 126 advertise 276 advice one another 423 advise 221, 423 affect 80 affect mastery of language 317 afflict 32 afflict s.o. 32 age 222 agitate 47, 252, 457 agree 328, 474 agree (upon certain formalities) 233 agree on s.th. (in the future) 472 agree unanimously 61 aim 447 alarm 171 alight (on) 86 allege 347

486 alleviate 376 allocate 155 allocate living quarters 194 allow 35 allow o.s. the forbidden 35 allude (to) 383 alter 96, 304 alternate 136, 168 amass 83 amend 259 amuse 197 analyze 92 anchor 154 anesthetize 33, 104 animate 426 announce 4, 220,276 announce good news to 24 announce s.o. 's death 428 annoy 5, 243,279 answer 66, 150 anticipate 161 apologize 6, 261 apostatize 151 appeal (to) 90 appeal for help 302 appear 18, 254,386 appear doubtful 206 apply 244 appoint 58, 284, 422 appoint as arbitrator 89 appoint as successor 117 appoint permanently 43 appraise 46 approach 5, 134,212, 329, 332 approach eagerly 459 approve 67, 157,333 arch 345 argue 208 argue (falsely) 391 argue with 51 argue with s.o. 394 arise (from) 413 arm 195 arm (heavily) 124

Index arm o.s. 127 arouse aversion 357 arrange 146, 419, 425 arrest 238, 273, 328 arrive 331,464,473 arrive together 4 73 ascend 230 ascend the throne 276 ascertain 482 ask 149, 183 ask for a formal legal opinion 308 ask for a loan 334 ask for assistance 423 ask for fulfillment 412 ask for guidance 154 ask for help 283, 412 ask for intercession (of) 215 ask for mercy 150 ask for more 180 ask for rain 399 ask for s.o. 's help 467 ask for support 160 ask forgiveness 294 ask God 's guidance 121 ask God 's protection 281 ask permission 4 ask s.o. to write s.th. 353 ask s.o. 's permission 198 ask to sing 421 ask unexpectedly 17 aspire (to) 29, 249 assassinate 303 assault 208, 260, 459 assemble 61 assert 56 assess 348 assign 471 assign s.o. to do s.th. 363 assign s.th. especially for s.th. 312 assign s.th. to s.o. 477 assist s.o. 282 associate as brothers 3 associate closely (with) 369 associate s.o./ s.th. (with) 335

Index associate together as brothers 3 assume 254, 313 assume responsibility 479 assure 7 astonish 33, 134 attach 161 attach a supplement 142 attack 236,260,339,446 attack violently 26 attain 443 attain puberty 92 attain the goal 289 attend 85 attend (to) 24 attract (s.o.'s attention) 378 attract 51, 158,340,456 attract (to) 52 attract attention 379 attribute (to) 418 authenticate 459 authorize 277,477 authorize s.o. 326 avenge 43 avert 311 avoid 62, 63, 76, 84, 95, 311 , 435 avoid s.o. 84 avow 64,228 await s.o.'s mistake 144 awaken 439 awaken sympathy 269 back 200 backbite 304, 382, 453 baffle 99 bake 102 ballot 334 bandage 241 bang 433 banter 238 baptize 276 bare one's teeth 360 bargain 203 , 318 bark 408 barter 349

487 barter with 349 base 88 bathe 95, 291 bathe o.s. 95 bathe s.o. 95 be 367 be a colleague 177 be a creditor 137 be a polytheist 212 be a supporter 4 78 be a swindler 124 beable(to) 330 be able to lead a tough life 108 be about to 468 be about to do s.th. 454 be absent 116, 303, 304 be absent-minded 211 be abstemious 271 be absurd 187 be accustomed (to) 281 , 283 be accustomed 281 be active 421 be acute 167 be addicted 133 be adjacent (to) 66 be adjacent to each other 67 be adjourned 318 be adolescent 167 be adorned 93, 182 be affected (by) 2 be affiliated (with) 418, 438 beafraid(of) 120 be aggravated 74 be agitated (emotionally) 48 be agitated 68, 321 , 456, 457 be ahead 29 be alarmed 139, 452 be allowed (by god) 91 be allowed (to) 89 be alone 118 be altered 97 be amassed 83 be amazed (at) 257 be amended 259

488 be ample 474 be amused 197 be an atheist 178 be an exception 21 0 be anesthetized 104 be angry (at) 293 be angry (with) 293 be angry at s.o. 77 be annoyed 399 be apprehensive (of, about) 56 be armed 195 be arranged 419,425 be arrogant 270, 276, 293, 294, 352 be assigned 471 be associated (with) 335 be associated with 388 be astonished 134, 287 be attached (to) 274 be attainable 1 be attracted (to) 52 be awarded 442 be aware (of) 320 be awed 107 be awed by 456 be baffled 99 be balanced 466 be bald 233 be bare 264 be barefoot 88 be barren 273 be based (on) 164 be bashful 83 be beautiful 62 be bent 72, 34 7 be bereaved of 45 be besieged 84 be bitter 393 be blended 395 be blessed 21 be blind 278 be blindfolded 267 be bordered (with) 60 be bored 183, 402 be brave 23

Index be bred 478 be broken 130, 319, 340 be broken to pieces 359 be brought up 146 be brought up to 126 be buried 47 be burned 78, 367 be busily engaged (in) 274 be calm 156, 396, 446 be careful 77 be careless 444 be carried away 203 be carried out 430 be caused (by) 478 be cautious (about) 98 be cautious 75 be changed 304 be characterize 467 be charitable 82 be chaste 85 be cheap 150 be cheerful 393 be circumcised 103 be civilized 393 be clarified 390 be clean 250, 427 be clear 170, 232, 424 be close (to) 389 be close companions 177 be closed 297, 300 be clothed 359 be combed 232 be combined 395, 461 be come overcast (with clouds) 369 be comfortable (life) 159 be committed (to) 280 be completed 41, 364, 365 be complicated 272 be composed (of) 163 be concealed 113 be conceited 179, 288 be concerned (about) 32, 255 be concise 460

Index be concluded 21 be confined 69 be confused 99, 145 be consecutive 272 be constructed 223 be contemporary 267 be content 345 be content (with) 362 be contradictory 240 be convened 272 be convinced (of) 346 be coquettish 131,301 be corrected 225, 448 be courageous 207 be courteous 62 be covered 294 be covered loosely 468 be covered with dust 285 be cowardly 49 be cracked 216 be creative 17, 307 be crooked 386 be cross (with) 293 be crowded 173 be crowned 42, 363 be cruel 337 be crumbled 306 be crushed 187 be crystallized 32 be cunning 135 be cut 53 be cut off 14,341,340 be damaged 40 be dangerous Ill be dangled 131 be dark 186 be deceived 104, 292 be decided 333 be decorated 174, 182 be dedicated 115 be dedicated (to) 357 be deep rooted 90 be deeply rooted 152, 153 be defeated 450

489 be delayed 3, 270 be delighted 23, 245, 285, 374 be delighted (with) 374, 454 be demolished 187, 34 7 be denied 432 be depressed 328, 461 be described 468 be desecrated 133 be deserted 342, 462 be despicable 133 be despondent 461 be destined 95 be destroyed 38, 132 be determined 74 be devastated 105 be developed 250 be devoid 270 be devoid (of) 118 be dewy 416 be diagnosed 209 be difficult 229 be dipped (in) 299, 300 be disappointed I 04 be discontented 25 be discouraged 43 be disfigured 222 be disgraced 107 be disgusted 335 be dishonorable 445 be disjoined 322 be disloyal 120 be dispersed 16,314 be dispirited 479 be dissolved 92, 407 be distant 264 be distinct 319 be distinct (from) 406 be distinguished 411 be distinguished (by) 407 be distinguished (from) 407 be distracted 189,385 be distressed 301 be distributed 465 be disturbed 175, 221, 273, 429

490 be diverse 442 be divided 213 be divided (into) 55, 336 be divided into 336 be domineering 257 be double 180 be doubled 241 be drafted 63 be dragged 187 be drained 417 be driven 203 be driven away 172, 124 be drunk 194 be dumb 105 be dust-colored 285 be dyed 225 be eager (for) 78 be early 29 be easy 201 be eclipsed 107, 359 be effaced 271 be elegant 11 , 370 be eloquent 317, 375 be embarrassed I 00, I 03 be embodied 57 be embodied (in) 389 be emotionally hard (for) s.o. 264 be emotionally of s.o. 264 be empty 120 be endowed (with) 93 be energetic 421 be engrossed (in) 453 be enlightened 24 be enriched (by) 174 be enthusiastic 93 be enticed 303 be entitled 89 be equal 203, 204, 361 be equated 259 be equipped 65 be equivalent 259 be erased 391 be escalated 230 be even 115 ,204

Index be everlasting 114 be evident 37 be exasperated (with) 238 be excepted 4 7 be excessive 298 be exhilarating 312 be expanded 466 be explained 316 be exposed 318 be extended 392 be extinguished 247 be facilitated 482 be familiar with s.th. 8 be famous 220 be fanatic 267 be far 27 be far from homeland 287 be fascinated 324 be fast 189 be fermented 119 be fertile (soil) 108 be feuding 409 be financed 405 be fined 290 be finished 339 be finished (with) 115 be firm 365 be flabby (flesh) 167 be flattened 190 be flexible 394 be flowing 195 be folded 47 be fond (of) 363 be foolish 192 be forbidden 79 be forgetful 295 be fortified 85 be founded 6 be fragrant 256 be freed of s.th. 256 be fresh 260 be frightened 139, 167, 170, 456 be frozen 46, 61 be fulfilled (conditions) 474

Index be full (of) 88, 401 be full of tears 290 be furious (with) 96 be futile 70 be gathered as a crowd 62 be generous 188, 357 be gentle 132, 387 be girded 80 be glorified 21 be glorious 389 be greatly pleased 11 begreedy 58, 110,213,440 be grilled 222 be guided 448 be happy 33, 191 be hardened 72 be harmed 4 be harsh 209 be hasty 189 be haughty 352 be heated 95 be heated up 76 be heavy 45 be heedless (of) 385 be hidden 26, 185,365 be high 23, 276, 298 be holy 331 be homeless 211 be homogeneous 63 be honored (by) 211,212 be hostile 422 be hostile to one another 260 be bot 76 be humble 108 be humiliated 107 be hungry 67 be hurt 5 be ignorant 65 be ill-fated 414 be immersed 299 be imprinted in 244 be imprinted on 244 be in charge of 478 be in commotion 449

491 be in conformity (with) 397 be in discord 421 be in distress 278 be in harmony 8, 419,429 be in immediate contact 373 be in keeping with 467 be in labor (as in birth) 391 be inaccessible 85 be inactive 26, 119 be incapable 284 be included 126 be incumbent(upon) 284 be indebted (to) 137 beindependent 344 be infatuated 478 be infatuated (with) 214 be infatuated by 308 be inflamed 384 be informal 23 beinforrned 275,38 1 be infuriated 74 be innocent 18 be innumerable 60 be insane 102 be inserted (into) 288 be insolent 251 be instilled 164 be insulted 34 be integral 365 be intelligent 140 be intensely dark 91 be interconnected 469 be interlocked 206 be intertexual 424 be invalid 26 be invalidated 316 be irate 252 be irreligious 361 be irritated 457 be isolated 265 be issued 226 be jealous (about) 304 be jealous (of) 304 be just 424

492 be justified 19 be kept out 71 be kind 161, 376 be kind (to) 72, 269 be kindled 2 be latent 365 belax 455 belazy 359 be1ed 347 be left over 29 be lenient 201 be lenient (with) 455 be less 344 be leveled 190 be limited to 84 be lined 26 be listless 358 be linked together 195 be lost 243 be low 88 be luxurious (life) 161 be maddened 63 be made up 8 be magnetized 400 be magnificent 310 be malicious 101 be married off 176 be martyred 220 be melted 407 be mended 48, 369 be merciful 143 be middle aged 366 be miserable 436 be misread 226 be mistaken 110 be mixed 395 be moist 157 be moistened 157 be moisturized 157 be moved 245 be mute 105 be mutually repellent 431 be muzzled 365 be nailed (down) 198

Index be named 199 be near each other 333 be necessary 375, 459 be needy 281 be negligent 337 be neutral 99 be new 50 be night blind 266 be noisy 238 be nominated 154 be numb 103 be obligatory 70 be obliging 403 be obliterated 390 be obscene 309 be obscure 217,297,300,370 be obstinate 16, 426 be obstructed 69, 188 be occupied with 215 be of no importance 455 be of noble birth 411 be of use 431 be old 331 be on friendly terms 463 be on guard against 77 be on one's guard 77 be open 307 be opened 307 be oppressive 270 be or become clear 470 be or become fat 199 be or become immortal 114 be or become rainless 329 be or become sick 394 be or become stingy 209 be or become trained 126 be orderly 427 be originated 7 be out of breath 384 be over 196, 339 be over-crowded 293 be overcrowded 360 be overturned 343 bepaid 188

Index be parallel 75, 466 be paralyzed 217,218 be partial 40 1 be patient 92, 224 be past 196 be paved 404 be peeled 195 be perfumed 269 be permissible 67 be perverted 78 be pessimistic 205 be pierced 44, 106 be piled up 353, 355 be pious 464 be planted 174, 289 be plentiful 56 be poisoned 199 be polished 232 be polite 377 be polluted 386 be popped 322 be possible 401 be postponed 3 be poured 193, 457 be poured out 224 be pregnant 94 be prepared (for) 259 be prepared (to) 259 be present 85, 331, 460 be prevented 151 be prim 177 be promoted 163 be proper 233, 387 be proportionate 418 be protected 85 be proud 34, 218 be proud (of) 310 be pure 170, 390 be pure in heart 176 be purified 250 be put to the test 32 be radiant 179, 452, 479 be raised 146 be rare 415

493 be razed 131 be ready 12 be realized 89 be recorded 186 be reduced 113 be refined 433 be reflected 274 be regulate 427 be regulated 238 be reinforced 264 be rejoined 48 be related by marriage of exchange 235 be religious 137 be remiss 150 be remote 408 be removed 182 be repaired 166 be repeated 356 be reported 166 be rescued 413 be reserved (people) 87 be respectable 418 be resplendent 179 be restless 403 be restricted (by) 349 be revealed 360 be revised 433 be revoked 434 be righteous 233 be rightly guided 448 be ripped 27 be rose-colored 464 be rotten 271 be rough 108, 456 be rough (terrain) 472 be rude 296 be sad 207 be sad (about) 80 be safe 10, 197 be salty 401 be saturated 205 be scared 452 be scattered 2 7, 411

494 be self-absorbed 364 be sent down 418 be separate 461 be separated 314, 318 be separated from 37 be serious 50 be servile 230 be set 425 be settled (issue) 82 be shady 327 be shaken 175, 177, 450 be shaken loose 114 be shameless 390 be shaped 11 7 be sharp-witted 140 be shattered 116 be shiny 369 be shown 153 be silent 194, 234 be similar 240 be simple-minded 32 be situated 475 be skilled (in) 404 be skillful 75, 370 be sleepless 20 I be slit open 27 be slow 25, 382, 404 be sly 101 be smart 44, 368, 410 be smashed 87, 451 be smeared 376 be smoked 126 be snatched away 112 be snobbish 293, 294 be spacious 149,466 be split 318, 324 be spoiled 268, 316 be stabilized 38 be stagnant 164 be stained 29, 133, 376 be stamped 133 be startled 141 , 3 15 be stationed 145 be stepped on 135

Index be sterilized 273 be sticky 374 be still 164 be stingy 16, 358 be stolen 190 be strict 209 be stripped (of) 53 be strong 389 be struck by electricity 230 be stubborn 279, 352, 371 be stupid 3 1, 94 be sturdy 389 be submissive 279 be successive 41 be suitable 51,418 be sunk 290 be super abundant 327 be supplied (with) 180 besupported 129, 268 be sure 7 be surnamed 380 be swayed 405 be sweet (of water) 260 be swept away 54 be swollen 465 be synonymous 151 be taken aback 116 be tardy 382 be terrified 157 be tested 391 be thirsty 254, 269 be time for s.th. 12 be tinged with henna 109 be tired 363 be tolerant 198 be tom 395 be torn apart 307 be tom down 44 7 betough 296 be trained 394 be transmitted 2 be treated (with medicine) 136 be twisted 21 be tyrannical 16

Index be ugly 24,219, 328 be ulcerated 333 be unable (to) 257 be unable to comprehend easily 285 be unable to get a husband 35 be unclean 412 be uncontrolled 204 be uncovered 264 be undutiful (to one 's parents) 273 be unfair 50 be unfeasible 261 be ungrateful 50 be unique 312 be united 8, 145, 461 be upright 348 be upset 202 be used to a tough life I 08 be used up 430 be very fond of 290 be victorious 423 be visible 153 be washed 291 be weak 164 be wealthy 302 be weaned 320 be weary (of) 284 be weary 363 be well disciplined 4 be wetted 30 be wily 99 be worn out 448 be worthy 51 be wrung out 267 be zealous 94 beam 242 bear 94,251 bear (a burden) 440 bear fruit 46 bear grudges 88 beat 113, 293, 460 become 224, 237,239 become (during evening) 9 become a Jew 454

495 become a monk 167 become a Muslim 197 become a nun 167 become a pupil 41 become a Shi ' i 223 become a Sufi 236 become a youth 205 become acquainted (with) 263 become agitated 219 become Americanized 9 become an ally 91 become an Arab 261 become an Arabist 262 become an orphan 481 become annoyed 243 become arrogant 257 become ashamed 202 become averse 265 become aware (of) 320 become aware 410 become bankrupt 323 become better 66, 82 become black 202 become blue 174 become brave 23 become broken 359 become Christian 423 become civilized 85 become clean 60, 390, 427 become cloudy 305 become cold 19 become confused 31, 116 become covered with dust 285 become critical 6, 322 become curly 58 become deaf 234 become deserted 342 become destroyed 105 become difficult 268 become diluted 407 become dirty 466 become disordered (mind) 103 become distributed 240 become drunk 46

496 become dry 481 become educated 44 become engaged 110 become Europeanized 314 become evident 37 become expensive 34 become extinct 124, 334 become faint 112 become famous 220 become fat 18 become fertile 108 become fibrous 387 become fine 130 become free 76 become friends 225, 227 become furious about 305 become furious with 305 become general 278 become gloomy 362 become green 110 become grey-haired 222 become gross 239 become happy 21 0 become heretic 449 become hoarse 15 become hollow 302 become horrible 320 become hot 187 become icy 45 become ill 473 become inflated 239, 430 become influential 40 I become inhabited 277 become innocent 18 become lighter 113 become liquid 204 become little 209 become loose !50 become low 86 become lumpy 258 become mad (with love) 478 become manifest 60 become mature 154 become miserable 39

Index become more intense 209 become new 50 become numerous 354 become outdated 331 become pale 208 become poor 402 become pregnant 70 become prominent 20 become prudent 273 become related by marriage (of the groom) 235 become relaxed !50 become responsible (for) 362 become responsible for one another 362 become rich 146, 302 become round 135, 367 become rusty 226 become sick 193 become sick of 193 become slim 414 become small 230, 238 become smooth 40 I, 402 become soft 387 become soggy 258 become spacious 315 become stiff 481 become strong 348, 401 become stronger 209 become stupid 31 become surprised 33 become tall 251 become tense 458 become terrified 157 become thin 162 become tinged with henna 109 become tiny 238 become unattainable 268 become valid 190 become weak 240, 275 become wealthy 44 become yellow 231 befall 384 befriend 227

Index beg 208,240,362 begin 247, 452 begrudge 354 begrudge s.th. (to) s.o. 431 behave 196,229 behave humbly 470 behave in obscene manner 159 behave like a child 225 behave maliciously 101 behave well 4 believe 10, 227,272 belittle 300, 434 belong (to) 438 bend 96,347,407 bend over 96, 351 benefit 289, 327 benefit (by) 431 benefit (from) 431 benefit s.o. 327 bent 280 bequeath 464 bereave 45 besiege 74, 84 bestow (on) 479 bestow (upon) 479 bestow blessings (on) 403 bestow favors 428 bet 168 betray 120 bewitch 186 bind 59,297 bite s.th. 439 bite 268, 341 blacken 202, 310 blame II, 386 blame (for) 3 blaze 76 bleat 388 bleed 31 7, 417 blend 395 bless 20, 152 blind 278 blindfold 301 bloom 179, 307, 425

497 blow 429, 444 blow one's nose 391 blow up s.th. 419 blush 93 bluster 58 boast about 310 boast of 310 boil 196, 298 boil over 326 bolt 61 bomb 338 boost 428 border (with) 60 bore through 432 borrow 196, 334 borrow (from) 281 bow in silence 246 box (with s.o.) 382 box with each other 382 boycott 340 braid 51 branch off 313 breach 436 break 324, 338, 359 break a fast 319 break apart 56, 322 break into 191, 330 break into sobs 65 break into tears 106 break off 315, 340 break out 191 break out (battle) 420 break out (war) 420 break s.o. 446 break s.th. in 387 break up 318 breast-feed (baby) 156 breast-feed (mother) 156 breathe 420, 431 bribe 155 bridle 372 brighten 36 bring 59, 85, 86 bring back 59

498 bring close 133 bring close (to) 332 bring down (upon) 53 bring forth 391 bring into disrepute 54 bring s.o. to trial 89 bring s.o./ s.th . to a stop 476 bring to agreement 179 bring to the ground 229 bring together 242 bring up 146 brittle 338 broadcast 142 bruise 156, 256 brush off 431 budge 173 build 277, 420 bulge 50 bump 228 bump against 157 bundle 152 burden 45, 94, 311 burn 78, 233, 374, 379, 475 bum (sunstroke) 379 bum slowly 78 burp 57 burst 309,314 bury 130, 372 bury alive 458 butcher 55 butt 425 butt or push one another 426 buy 37, 213 buzz 178 cable 20 call 416 call as witness 220 call each other 416 call each other bad names 409 call for 129 call one's name 199 call s.o. I s.th. foolish 192 call s.o.'s attention (to) 410

Index call to fight 431 call to prayers 4 call up 255 calm 446 calm down 118, 366 calumniate 219 camp 122, 266 cancel 48, 378 captivate by 308 capture 185 care (for) 280 care about 386 caress 128 carry 94 carry (a burden) 465 carry a dispute 51 carry greater weight 147 carry on a dispute 417 carve 413 cast 381 cast (metal) 184 catch fire 214, 475 catch sight 24 catch unawares 134 catch up (with) 373 cause 73, 183 cause (damage) 373 cause (losses) to s.o. 3 51 cause colic 399 cause each other to make mistakes 296 cause great harm (to) 64 cause pain 8, 460 cause s.o. I s.th. to die 405 cause s.o. grief 364 cause s.o. to die 405 cause s.o. to make a mistake 296 cause s.o. to miss 325 cause s.o. to obtain 443 cause s.o. to slip 177 cause s.o. 's hair to turn white 222 cause s.th. to disappear 304 cause to be bored 183 cause to be stupid 31

Index cause to branch 313 cause to cry 30 cause to descend 417 cause to disappear 182 cause to drown 289 cause to emerge 27 cause to fail 316, 307 cause to leak 189 cause to lose 107 cause to reach 3 19 cause to ripen 425 cause to run 55 cause to slow down 25 cause to spoil 316 cause to starve 67, 68 cause to succeed 3 8 cause to thirst 269 cause to weep 132 caw 428 celebrate 88 challenge 74 change 17, 135, 304 change to 98 chant 147, 209 characterize 467 charge s.o. with s.th. 441 charm 186 chase 246 chase away 211,430 chat 127 chat (at night) 198 chat together (at night) 198 chatter 44 cheat I 04, 291 check 41, 148 cheer 452 cheer up 431 cherish 265 chew 275, 386, 398 chirp (birds) 176 choke 119, 292 choke s.o. I o.s. 292 choose 121 , 406 choose between 121

499 Christianize 423 circle 98 circulate 278 circumcise 103 cite 443 cite an example 220 civilize 392 claim 129, 175, 339 clap 232 clarify 60, 390, 470 clash 228 clash (waves) 377 clash (with) 206 classify 35, 312 clean s.o. 413 clear 232 clear (pipelines) 196 clear matters with one another 232 climb 196 cling 396 cling (to) 268, 275 cling to 205 clip 338, 344 clone 419 close 251 , 297, 342, 468 close s.th. 297 clot (blood) 60 clothe 359 codify 346 coerce 346 coexist 284 coincide 178 collapse 129, 446, 455, 456 collect 61 , 84, 384 collide 377 collide (with) 228 collude 471 colonize 277 color eyes with kohl 355 color with henna I 09 comb 231 , 397 comb one's hair 397 combat against 295 combat each other 329

500 combat with 295 combine 335, 395 come l , 68, 329 come (across) 257 come (s.th. pleasant) 458 come (time) 100 come (to one's knowledge) 438 come (to) 33 I , 464 come back 147 come down 193 come in successive groups 340 come next 151 come or go near 133 come to an end 181 come to one 's senses 47 come to s.o.'s mind Ill , 445 come to terms 325 come unexpectedly 28, 33 command 9 commence 307 commend 47, 334 commend s.o. to God's protection 463 comment 272 comment (on) 275 commit 53, 164 commit a crime 54, 55, 334 commit a sin 334 commit adultery 178 commit an outrage 66 commit o.s. to 145 commit suicide 414 communicate secretly 102 compare 242, 244, 319, 325, 465 compare to 335 compare with 335 compel 159, 313 , 375 compensate 156, 282 compete 184, 431 compete greedily in pursuit of s.th . 363 compete in a duel 20 compete with each other 431 compete with s.o. 21

Index complain 140, 217, 253 complain to one another 217 complete 41, 364, 365, 474 complicate 272 compose 8, 425, 427 compose music 373 composed of 8 comprehend 4 72 compress (wound) 364 conceal 71, 118, 185, 299, 292, 353 conceal s.th. 300 concentrate 164 conceptualize 426 conciliate 157 conclude 21, 103, 411 concur (with) 55 condemn 415,436 confer 15, 136 confer an honor 211 confess 263 confide 189 confide (in) 413 confidein 354 confine (to) 337 confine 69 confiscate 77, 227 confront 49, 226 confuse 31 , 145,370 congratulate s.o. 454 conjecture 148 connect 469 consent 156 consider 123, 144,256 consider s.o. I s.th. beautiful 401 consider s.o. above doing s.th . 144 consist (of) 367 console 467 conspire (against) 9 construct 33 , 223 consult 221 consult each other 221 consult s.o. 221 consume 452 contain 98, 99, 218, 242, 472

Index contemplate 10 contend (with) 126 content o.s. 55 continue 136, 181,253,393,469 contract 343 contradict (with) 432 contradict 263 contradict each other 434 contrast 325 contribute 201 control 161,204, 351,402 convene 272 converse 97, 198 converse intimately 413 converse together 73, 97 converse with 73 convert to 224 convey (information) 31 convey s.th . 469 convict 137 convince s.o. by 346 convince s.o. of 346 coo 185,447 cook 244,250 cool off 307 cooperate 283 cooperate with 234 copulate 61 copy 419 correct 127,225, 348 correct language 317 correspond 153 correspond (with) 153, 353 corrode 8 cost 363 cough 192,354 count 85, 259 cover 118, 124, 292 cover (face) 371 cover o.s. 372 cover s.o. I s.th. 294 cover the distance speedily 438 cover the inside 26 cover with dust 285

501 covet 250 crack 210 crave 220,221,462 crawl 70, 173 create 17, 11 7, 319, 460 create a program 21 creep 123 criminalize 54 criticize 433 cross 255 crouch 328 crowd 173 crowd together I 73 crown 42, 363 crucify 232 crumble 306 crush 54 cry 30, 282 cry for help 228 crystallize 32 cultivate 323 curdle milk 168 cure 215, 274 curl 58 curse 286, 378 curse each other 378 curve 262 cut 340, 434 cut (oft) 330 cut into pieces 340 cut into small pieces 105, 106 cut into strips and dry 330 cut off 14, 56 cut off s.th./ bestow a fief 340 damage 40, 240 dance 162 dance the dabka 124 dance together 162 dance with 162 dangle 131 dare 52 darken 253, 266 date 5

502 dazzle (eyes) 176 deal (with) 278 deal badly with 202 deal roughly (with) 279 deal with 442 debate 426 debate with s.o. 185 deceive l 00, I 04, 286, 288, 400, 437 deceive s.o. 288 decide 14, 144, 265, 333 declare 228 declare hatred on s.o. 409 declare lawful 92 declare legally incompetent 72 declare o.s. innocent 19 declare to be sinful 316 declare war on s.o. 409 decorate 93 , 133, 174, 182, 437 decrease 238, 343, 433, 434 decrease weight 113 dedicate (to) 356 dedicate o.s. with heart and soul 324 deduce 41 0, 411 deduct 109, 341 deem above s.th./ s.o. 418 deem dirty 332 deem easy 20 l deem great 352 deem impermissible 79 deem o.s. above s.th. 160 deem o.s. superior (to) 276 deem permissible 67 deem s.o. fortunate 285 deem simple-minded 32 deem small 230 deem weak 241 deepen 277, 303 defame 140 defeat 295, 450 defend 95, 130, 141 , 429 defend s.o. 160 defy 22

Index defy death 23 degrade 174 deify 9 delay 3 delegate s.o. 415 delete 75 delight 189 delight s.o. 46 delude 241 demand 248 demolish 187, 347,446 denounce 207 deny 432, 436 deny s.th 436 depart 149, 229, 287, 398, 435 depend (on) 477 depend on 277,282, 476 deposit 463, 464 deprive 79 deprive s.o. of 321 deprive s.o. of hope 481 deputize 440 deride 449 derive (from) 216 derive pleasure 393 descend 417 descend (a slope) 74 descend gradually 74 describe 427, 468 desecrate 133 deserve 12, 89 desiccate 58 design 234 designate 422 designate as an heir (s.o.) 463 desire 158, 225, 404 despair 345 despise s.o. 89 destroy 132, 179,249, 260, 303 , 324, 447, 452, 463 detain 72 deteriorate 134, 151 , 213 determine 333 determine the price 46

Index devalue 16 devastate 105 develop 163,250,438 develop (film) 94 deviate 99, 280, 308 deviate (from) 435 devote o.s. to s.th. 274 devote o.s. to worship 255 devour 385, 438 diagnose 209 dictate 381,403 die 179,319,405,474 die (of animals) 432 die out (fire) 103 differ 406, 117,325 differentiate 304 diffuse an aroma 325 dig 87,432 dig up 409 digest 451 dilute 407 diminish 344 dine 267 dip 294,299 direct 135, 461, 472 disable 258 disappear 114 disappear (from) 182 disappear from sight 71, 465 disappoint 104, 121 disapprove (of) 436 disapprove 436 discharge 265 discipline 4 disclose 35 discontinue 341 discourage 43, 480 discover 360, 410 discriminate 37, 406 discuss 15, 136, 433 disdain 11 disfigure 222 disgrace 469 disgrace s.o. 445

503 disguise o.s. 114 disgust 335 dislike 328 dismiss 245,271,318 disobey 268 disparage 89 dispatch 4 73 dispel 252 dispel s.o. 's worries 190 displease 202 disprove 324 dispute 417 dispute with 109 dispute with each other I 09 disregard 293 dissect 210,216 dissemble 128 dissipate s.th. 16 dissolve 92, 141 distinguish 406 distinguish (between) 314 distract 385 distress 301 distress s.o. 309 distribute 336, 465 distrust s.o. 120 disturb 175,211,273 dive 294, 302 diversify 441 divest s.o. (of) 53 divide 336 divide into 313 divide into seven parts 184 divorce 116,248 do 320 do a favor 319 do business 278 do favors 403 do intentionally 276 do one's utmost 452 do regularly 471 do right 82 do s.o. an injustice 451 do s.th. constantly or fervently 384

504 do s.th . reluctantly 398 do well 82 do wrong (to) 141 document 7 dodge 170 dominate control 90 donate 20 dot (letters) 434 double 47, 240 double cross 367 doubt 217, 395 doze 295, 427 doze off 455 draft 63 drag 53, 187 drag (into) 330 drain 416,417 draw 153 draw (the sword) 397 draw (from) 388, 392 draw a line Ill draw analogous conclusions 349 draw blood 317 draw near 474 dread 456 dream 92 dress discreetly 83 dress s.o. 370 drink 82, 155, 210, 439 drink together 416 drip 317 drip (with perspiration) 224 drive 203 , 347 drive away 90, 124, 172 drive insane I 02 drive s.o. out of his wits 478 drop 193, 444 drown 289 dry 58 dry up 330, 358, 424 duel 20 dupe s.o. 295 dwell 194, 341 dye 224

Index earn 358 earn a living 355 earn one's bread 284 ease 455 eat 8, 246, 347, 442 eat away 415 eat breakfast 319 eat lunch 287 eat one's heart out 78 eavesdrop 190, 198, 422 echo 228 educate 44 efface 249 Egyptianize 397 ejaculate (sperm) 404 elaborate 327 elaborate (on) 200 elaborate on 246 elect 415 electrify 366 electrocute 230 elevate 276 emancipate 256 embalm 95 embark (upon) 211 embarrass 76, 103 embellish 468 embezzle 115 embody 57 embrace 86, 279 embroider 246 emerge 14 emigrate 445 empower 195, 326 empty 313 enable s.o. (to) 331 , 401 enclose 366 encounter 381 encourage 52,207, 456 end 405, 440 endeavor 64 endure 59, 94, 95 , 280 engage (in) 52 engage in an adventure 299

Index engage in clashes 441 engage into (a community) 106 engineer 454 engross one's attention 214 enjoy 92, 374, 388, 389 enjoy (good favor) 87 enlarge 466 enlarge 57 enlighten 441 enrage 187 enrapture 245 enroll (in) 373 enslave 255 enter 125 enter as a new factor 50 enter into the state of ritual consecration 79 enthusiastic 94 entrust 10, 477 entrust (with) 280 enumerate 84, 259 enunciate 379 envy 81 envy each other 81 equivocate 378 eradicate 7 erase 391 erect s.th. 348 err 296 escalate 230 escape 323, 448 eschew 435 escort 469 escort the deceased to burial 223 establish 6, 33, 420 esteem 264, 417 esteem highly 331 estimate 331 estimate (cost) 349 estimate s.o. 's age 200 evacuate the bowels 303 evade 402,449 evade (responsibility) 424 evaluate 350

505 evaporate 16 evident 424 evoke tears 132 exaggerate 32, 298, 455 examine 309 examine closely 399 exceed 67,145, 442 excel 20, 22,276, 319, 410 excel creatively 17 exchange 17, 245 exchange cultural information 44 exchange insults 183 exchangeletters 353 exchange presents 448 exclude 84 excuse 261 execute 430 exercise 169 exercise justice 336 exert 18 exhale 176 exhaust 64, 417, 430 exonerate 19 expand 466 expect 10, 161 , 475 expect promising signs in s.o. 467 expedite 258 experience 81 , 284 expiate one's sins 361 expire 379 explain 210, 316, 470 explode 309, 314 exploit 298 exploit s.o. 's carelessness 295 explore 360 export 226 expose 262 expose to the sun 218 express 18, 255, 261 extend 392 extend greetings 172 extend s.th. (service, advice, thanks) 188 extend thanks 172

506 exterminate 36 extinguish I 18, 24 7 extract 105, 115 extract the root 52 extricate 422 fabricate 117, 321 , 380 face 263, 461 face each other 461 facilitate 201, 481 fade 142 fade (color) 52 fade away 241 , 453 fail 113, 121 , 152, 316 faint 301 fall 193,351 fall (upon) 456 fall apart 56, 315 fall down 361 , 456 fall forward 352 fall heavily 452 fall ill 275 fall in love 457 fall upon 446 falsify 180, 182, 406 falter 377 fascinate 114 fast 236 fasten 178, 459 fathom 184 favor (with) I 09 fear 108, 120, 161 , 167, 460, 461 fear God 476 fear s.o. 476 fear s.th. 476 feed 246 feed (animals) 274 feed bit by bit 381 feed on 346 feel 57, 81,213 feel a desire (for) 451 feel arrogant 288 feel assured 249 feel compassion 96

Index feel confined 243 feel discomfort 76 feel disgust 218, 357 feel pain 460 feel sick 286 feel sorry 6 feign illness 394 felicitate 283 fell s.o. 151 fence in 202 ferment 119 ferment s.th . 118 fiddle (with) 255 fight 59, 75, 329,334,417,426 fight against 212 fight brutally 414 fight one another 76 fight with each other 229 file an appeal 217 fill 208, 401 fill s.o. with longing 221 fill up 321 fill with earth 151 fill with rapture 422 fill with suspicion 171 fi Iter 22, 154, 340 finance 405 find 383 , 459 find difficult 229 find expensive 298 find heavy 45 find pleasant 93, 203, 374 find rest 169 find s.th. cheap 150 find s.th. detestable 320 find slow 25 find strange 287 fine s.o. 290 fingerprint 25 finish 365 finish (off) 65 finish s.th. 313 fire 330 fish 237

Index fit closely 376 fix firmly 154, 420 flame 384 flare up 191 flash 20, 479 flatten 190 flatter 134,234,402 flatter s.o. 402 flatter s.o. for personal reasons 396 flee 123,312 flirt 291 flirt with s.o. 291 float 24 7, 282 flock 451 flood 299,327 flood (with) 289 flourish 179, 425 flow 130, 204, 453 flow (tears) 138, 453 flow (water) 204 flow forth 309 flow over 425 flutter 160 fly 252 foam 159 focus (on) 351 focus on 351 foil 70 fold 46,251 follow 38, 41, 116,271,272,343, 373 follow (a method) 439 follow (an example) 153 follow a course 200 follow a model 414 follow a way 200 follow in succession 458, 479 follow s.o. 's example 332 follow s.o. 's footsteps 75 follow up 38 fool 295 forbid 79, 87, 440 forbid s.th. to s.o. 76 force 48, 335, 357

507 force (upon) 371 forge 180 forget 201,420 forget totally 197 forgive 197,271,294 form 217,236,367 form a circle 91 fortify 85 frame 7 free 115 free o.s. 314 free o.s. from s.th. 113 freeze 61 freeze s.th. 46 frighten 120, 139, 157 frown 65, 256, 340 fry 93 fulfill 474 furnish 1 gain 97,301,358 gain the favor of s.o. 333 gallop 164 gargle 159, 289 gather 62, 64, 83, 384 gather a crowd 62 gather firewood 86 gather up 383 gauge 284 gaze 15, 166 gaze (at) 74 generalize 278 generate 478 get paid 328 get acquainted (with) 263 get along with 204 get back 151 get close 333 get confused 370 get down 148 get into 344 get lost 42 get married 180 get out of control 310

508 get ready (for) 456 get rid (of) 115 get s.th. back 281 get settled 4 71 get used to 281 get worse 202 gild 141 gin (cotton) 90 gird s.o./ s.th. 80 gird s.th. 80 give 1, 270, 478 give a citizenship 63 give a present 51 give a sermon 11 0 give a speech II 0, 131 give a statement 131 give a vote 131 give alms 227 give as a present 51, 429 give birth 411,477 give bountifully 286 give condensed extract 339 give dinner (to) 266 give evidence 13 I give formal legal opinion 308 give lunch to s.o. 286 give more (ofs.th.) 466 give o.s. airs 218 give predominance 147 give s.o. a position 35 give s.o. a present 448 give s.o. a ride 469 give s.o. a title 380 give s.o. s.th. to smell 219 give s.o. to drink 193 give sincere advice 423 give the impression of 121 give up 115, 414, 418, 463 give up hope 481 glance 382 glance (at) 165 glance furtively at s.o. 115 gleam 242 glitter 20, 383

Index glorify 270, 276, 389 glorify (God) 184 glorify God (by saying: "Ailahu akbar") 352 glow 425,479 glue 290, 375 gnash 439 gnaw 339, 415 go 141,276,286 go along with 397 go around 135, 379 go astray 241, 252, 308 go back (on) 148 go back on (a promise) 116 go by 325, 393 go crazy 63 go east 212 go into (a subject) 246 go mad 102 go on strike 240 go out 105,418 go over 140 go to ruin 127 go too far 251 gossip 438 graduate 105 grant 42,120,327,388,403 grant a delay 426 grant a request 66 grant approval 6 grant generously 66 grant time 404 grasp 364, 396 gratify 388 gratify (appetite) 205 grease 181, 208 greet 100, 197,231 grieve 208, 356, 364 grieve(for) 81,309 grieve s.o. 300 grill 222 grind 245 grip 420 grope (for) 81

Index grope about 194 grow 158, 438 grow (plants) 408 grow a beard 373 grow denser 354 grow feeble 480 grow slack 104 grow up 352, 420 grumble 7, 140 guarantee 242 guard 77, 112 guess 79, 119 guide 154, 448 gulp 54, 174 gulp down 54 gush 224 gush forth 130 halve 213 hand down 435 hand over 442 handle 136 hang down 132 hang loosely 447 hang one's head 244 happen 72,84 happen (to) 3 84 happen by chance 227 happen to be identical 464 harass 77, 243, 274 harden 233 harm 4,240 harm s.o. 437 harmonize 8, 458, 467 harness 187 harvest 84 hasten 258, 287 hasten (to) 17 hatch 312 hate 28, 357,400 hate each other 28 have a banquet 4 have a light meal before daybreak 186

509 have a meeting 62 have an abortion 65 have an aversion (to) 430 have an excuse 26 I have an illusion 480 have as consequence 38 have attained 84 have doubts 171 have experience I 01 have fun 385 have inflamed eyes I 65 have insomnia 5 have knowledge 322 have medical tests 92 have mercy 149 have no need 302 have profound knowledge 26 have sexual intercourse 475 have split ends 338 have the audacity 52 have the kindness (to do s.th.) 357 head 143 beau (toward) 461 heap (abuse) upon 368 heap censure upon 414 heap reproach upon 414 hear 198 help 191 , 302 help each other 423 herd 203 hesitate 150, 4 79 hide 101, 113, 185,366 hide o.s. 101, 128,292 hide s.th. 26 hide the pain 261 hijack 112 hinder 282 hinder s.th. 97 hint (at) 382 hire by the day 483 hiss 309, 450 hit 235,477 hobble 273 hoist 211

510 hold 396 hold (a position) 35 hold back (from) 403 hold captive 6 hold in high esteem 270 hollow s.th. out 302 honor 14, 211 , 310 honor s.o. 357 hop 72 hope 149 hope (for) 9 horrify 455 hover 91 howl 283,441 hug 2 79 hug each other 279 hum a tune 429 humble o.s. 140 humiliate 89, 140, 404, 455 humiliate s.o. 140 hunt 237, 345 hunt down 237 hurry 189, 258, 449 hurry s.o./ s.th. 258 hurry to catch up 258 hurt one another 155 hurt s.o. 53 ignite 214, 330, 475 ignore 65, 295 illuminate 441 imagine 121 , 122, 236 imitate 90, 206, 343 immerse 294 immerse (in) 299, 300 immerse s.o. I s.th . 303 immobilize 217 implement 430 implore 270, 420 imply 252 import 464 impose as a condition (on) 211 impose conditions 211 impose s.th (on) 70

Index improve 66, 82 improvise 148 inaugurate 128, 307 incise 80 incite 47,78 incite s.o. (against) 260 incite to evil 417 incline 407 include 126,219,278 include s.th. in 242 increase 180, 354, 438 incubate 86 indicate 6, 131, 221 induce 74 induce s.o. to abstain from s.th. 178 induce s.o. to emigrate 445 indulge in the hope of 404 industrialize 234 infatuate 42 infect 260 infer 131 , 219 inflame 384 inflate 239 influence 2 inform 101, 128, 176 inform (about) 408 inform (against) 468 inform (of) 32, 408 inform fully (of) 97 infuriate 304 inhale 220,421,422 inherit 463, 464 injure 235 inlay with gems 155 innovate 17, 30 inquire (about) 102, 183, 275,316, 325 inquire (of) 102, 183, 316, 325 inscribe 111 insert 125 insist 7, 229, 234 insist on one 's view 352 inspect 263, 284, 307, 321 inspect all sides 343

Index inspire 95, 385, 462 install 163, 422 instill evil 467 instruct 127, 472 insult 34, 183, 206, 283, 444 insult each other 183, 206, 207, 444 insure 10 integrate 132 intend 265, 337, 443 intensify 209 interact 320 intercede (for) 215 intercede (with) 215 interfere 125 interlock 205 intermarry 180 intermingle 395 interpret 12 interrogate 66 intersect 340 intervene 125 intimidate 167, 446 intone (song) 166 intoxicate 46, 194 introduce 125 intrude (upon) 247 invade 68, 291 inveigle s.o. (to a mistaken belief) 182 invest 46 investigate 79, 338, 432 investigate thoroughly 277 invite 129 invite birds 434 invite participation in a competition 430 invite s.o. 243 invoke 129,418 involve s.o. (in difficulties) 464 iron 367 irritate 293 isolate 265 issue 227

511 jail 186 join 196,242, 373 join in 132 joke 128,395,435,449, 450 joke with s.o. 238, 395 jump 342, 459 justify 19, 202, 275 keep 29,87,88 keep alive 284 keep apart 406 keep away 62 keep away (from) 27,408 keep doing 322 keep each other company II keep faith (with) 474 keep in mind 462 keep in one's possession 77 keep s.o. alive 100 keep s.o. away (from) 27 keep s.o. company 11 keep secret 366 keep silent 353 keep the peace (with) 197 kick 160, 382 kidnap 112 kill 329, 463 kill (prey) 313 kindle 2, 44 kiss 329, 371 kiss each other 3 71 knead 258 kneel 50 kneel down 20, 164 knit 418 knit (one's brow) 340 knock 102,128,263, 334 knock (on) 246 know by heart 473 lack 260, 321 lack s.th. 321 ladle 289 lament 441

512 land 444 lap up 478 lash 59 last 136 last (a certain time) 290 last forever I last long 251 laugh 238 laugh loudly 346 laugh together 239 launch 249 launch an attack 219 lay (eggs) 36 lay blame on s.o. 64 lead (an animal) to bark 409 lead 175, 347 lead gradually 126 lead in prayer I 0 lead to 4 leaf through a book 23 I leaf through a newspaper 231 leak 425 leak away 189 lean 200, 407 lean (on) 476 leap upon 459 learn 275 learn a lesson 4 72 leave 19,39,168,286 leave a void behind 118 leave behind 116, 463 lecture 85 legally close a store 218 legislate 211, 346 lend 196, 281 , 334 lengthen 399 let drink 21 0 let fall 193 let fly 252 let for rent 2 let gulp down 54 let hang 131 let hang down 188 let in 125

Index let know 128 let rest 169 let s.o. hear 198 let s.o. walk into an ambush 475 let s.th. hang down 185 level 190 levy 49 levy troops 68 liberate 76, 311 license \50 lick 378, 478 lie (to) 356 lie down (animals) 145 lie down 162, 381 lie prostate 25 lift 81 lift upright 422 light 44, 214,242,441,479 like 69,455 like s.o.'s company 11 like s.o./s.th. 377 liken s.o. I s.th. (to) 206 limit 73, 337 line up 231 link together 195 liquify 204 lisp 370 listen 198 listen (to) 422 listen closely 167 live 100, 284 live comfortably 428 live in a sinful life 262 live in austerity 337 live in luxury 39, 428 live the life of an ascetic 4 19 live together 266 load 94 lock s.th. 297 long (for) 42 long for 222 look 400, 426 look (through) 249 look around 378

Index look closely (at) 312 look down on s.o. 89 look down upon 437 look gloomy 363 look into s.tb. 248 lose 107,243,321 lose an eye 281 lose balance I17 lose weight 113 love 69,455 love one another 69 love passionately 266 lower 112, 113,437 lower one's eyes (out of politeness) 293 lower one's voice 112 lower s.th. 74 magnetize 400 maintain 87, 237 make 58,234 make (a garment) 98 make a clean copy 36 make a contract (with) 272 make a contract 348 make a higher bid 180 make a living 152 make a mess I 02 make a mistake 110, 177, 296 make a mistake when writing a word 226 make a profit 144 make a trilling sound I75 make an effort 192 make an excuse 275 make apprehensive 56 make beautiful 62 make boil 298 make cheese 49 make clear 37, 170,318 make cold 19 make comprehensible 258 make concave 342 make deeply rooted 153

513 make dense 354 make despair 345 make desperate efforts 405 make difficult 229 make dim-sighted (at night) 266 make diminutive 230 make distinguished 182 make dry 481 make enthusiastic 93 make equal 203 make eternal 114 make fat 199 make fertile 108 make firm 89 make flourish 425 make flow 204 make fun (of) 128 make fun of 415 make furious 304 make gain 30 I make glow 425 make green 110 make gross 296 make grow 438 make happy 33, 191 make hateful 28 make heavy 45 make hollow 68 make hot 95, 188 make inaccessible 98 make international 135 make known 220 make last 136 make lasting I make life miserable 436 make master 202 make mild 376 make miserable 39 make noise 371 make o.s. pretty 62 make obligatory 70, 459 make pleasant 252 make pure 170 make room (for) 315

Index

514 s.o. believe 480 s.o. cheat 291 s.o. dance 162 s.o. depart 149 s.o. desire s.th. 159 s.o. desirous 250 s.o. doubt 217 s.o. drink 193 s.o. enjoy s.th. 388 s.o. feel 213 s.o. forget 420 s.o. gain a profit 144 s.o. gain s.th. 358 s.o. hear 198 s.o. inattentive 295 s.o. incapable of doing s.tb. 258 make s.o. innocent 19 make s.o. kneel (down) 164 make s.o. laugh 239 make s.o. like 69 make s.o. memorize 87 make s.o. obtain s.th . 358 make s.o. one 's concern 470 make s.o. read 332 make s.o. realize 320 make s.o. repent 42 make s.o. ride 163 make s.o. sick 394 make s.o. silent 194 make s.o. sneeze 269 make s.o. stagger 166 make s.o. swear 91 make s.o. taste 142 make s.o. the leader 9 make s.o. touch 383 make s.o. tremble 148, 158 make s.o. understand 325 make s.th . (into) 55 make s.th . be followed 151 make s.tb. bland 396 make s.th. clear 140 make s.th. enter 477 make s.tb. gush or explode 309 make make make make make make make make make make make make make make make make

make s.tb. inconsistent 348 make s.th. one's target 447 make s.th. sprout 408 make s.th. strong 389 make s.th . tremble 158 make sick 193 make sleepless 201 make smaller 230 make stagnant 35 make successful 412 make tactics 40 make talk 426 make the owner 402 make the pilgrimage 71 make thin 163 make tired 39 make tremble 460 make trouble 214 make ugly 24, 328 make unclean 412 make useless 35 make well-known 220 make wet 30 make with creativity 17 malign s.o. 53 manage 123 march 135 marginalize 453 mark 153 market 203 marry (of the groom) 262 marry 436 marry off 179 mask 345 mask o.s. 346 mass 82,353 massacre 138, 329 master 40, 331 match 245, 369 mean 280 measure 368 measure up 133 mediate 322 meet 329, 381

Index meet (with) 329 meet fully 474 meet together 381 meet unexpectedly 227 melt 141 memorize 87, 254 mend 143,146,159,369 mention 139,443 merge 132 migrate 416 milk 90 mince 314 mingle 102 misguide 241, 303 mislead 42, 241 miss 252, 321 miss badly 462 miss s.th. 325 mistake s.o./ s.th. for 80 mistrust 120 mix 144,221,395,406 mix (up) 116 mix with 116 mix with water (flour) 370 moan 11 mobilize 255 mock 449,451 mold 236 mortgage 168 mount 163, 196 mount an animal 399 mourn 147 move 79,335,343,450 move (slowly) 123 move about 435 move away 90 move backward 346 move s.o. to tears 30 move s. th. or s.o. 181 mow 83 muffle 371 mull (over) 53 multiply 259 mumble 41, 240, 300, 354, 454

515 mutter 132 muzzle 365 name 199, 248 narrate 189, 338 nationalize 10 need 96 neglect 295, 342, 453 negotiate with one another 326 nibble 334 nominate 154 normalize 244 notice 1, 372, 382 notify 111,275 notify s.o. 101 nudge 382 nullify 26 number 163 nurse 394 obey 250,370,389 object (to) 263 obligate 459 obliterate 390 obscure 256, 278 observe 158 observe (attentively) 161 observe (stars) 155 obstruct 188, 264, 270 obtain 97 obtain a legal judgment 227 occupy 92 occupy (with) 214 occupy o.s. with s.th. 215 occur 16,17,200,245,445 occur (doubt) 125 occur (to s.o.) 441 occur (to) 279 occur to 202 occur to the mind 118 offend 202 offer condolences 265 oil 181 ooze 416

516 open 306, 307, 311 open (mouth) 321 open a way out 3 II open broach 306 open up 307 oppose II6,228,262,279,403,439 oppress 50 order 419 organize 427 originate (from) 410 oust 60,350 outnumber 354 outweigh 147 overburden 167 overcome 140, 296 overdo 287 overflow 247,321 overflow (tears) 162 overlook 20I,249,295 overpower 96, 195 overstep 112 overturn 343 own 402 oxidize 358 pack 80 paint 134, 249 paint (drawings) 433 pair 180 pardon 231 part (from) 314 participate (in) 212 participate 201 pass 393, 442 pass (over) 67 pass (a law) 200 pass into another body (spirit) 345 pass on 435 pass through 106, 430 pasture 146 pat I44 patch 162 pave I56,255,404 pave with tiles 31

Index pawn 168 pay 129,188,433 pay (out) 229 pay a bill 80 pay a fine 290 pay attention 356, 4I 0 pay attention to I, 379 pay blood money 463 pay in installments 336 peck 433 peel (skin) 195 peel 24, 337 penetrate I4, I06, 297,298,477 penetrate deeply (into) 288 penetrate deeply 277,473 penetrate into s.th. 297 perceive 215 perforate I 06 perform a small pilgrimage ('umra) 277 perform ablutions without water 482 perform the ritual ablution before prayer 470 perfume 269 perfume o.s. 252 perfume with incense IS perish 36, 324, 452 permeate II 7 permit 4, 67, 197 persevere 224 persist 43, 123,393, 47I persist (in) 371 pervade Il7 pervert 78 philosophize 323 phone 444 phone each other 444 photograph 236 pick 34I pick up 380 pickle I17 pierce 44, 106, 339 pile up 355

Index pinch 333 plan 111, 123 plant 174, 288 plant (a cutting) 408 plant firmly 164 plant trees 207 plant with mines 378 play 265, 377 play with 377 plead 51 plead (in court) 160 plead for God's mercy 149 please 156, 252 pledge 280 pledge allegiance (to) 37 pledge mutually (to) 37 plot 36 plot (against) 128 plot (against) s.o. 367 plow 76 pluck up courage 207 plunder 194,438 plunge 294 plunge (into) 288 plunge s.th. (into) 288 point (at) 235 point s.th. 123 poison 199 polish 232, 383 pollinate 380 pollute 385 ponder 68, 171, 322 pop 321 portray 236 possess 402 postpone 3, 147 pounce 456 pounce (on) 446 pour 130,224,453,457 pour down 453, 454 pour down (rain) 451 pour forth 327 pour out 193 practice 393

517 practice (a profession) 394 practice asceticism 179 practice usury 146 praise 223, 334, 389, 390, 392 praise God 452 praise highly 93 prattle 370 pray 233 pray behind an imam I 0 pray humbly to God 34 pray to 129 preach 472 precede 184 precipitate 152 predict 366, 408 predict the future 413 predominate 247, 295 prefer 82, 147,319 prefer (to) 2, 69 prefer doing 69 prefer not to 15 8 preoccupy 114 preoccupy s.o. (with) 214 prepare 64, 85, 259 prepare (a way for) 471 prepare o.s. to do s.th . 87 present 20, 262 present o.s. 389, 473 present unique work 39 present with 331 preserve 88 preserve in boxes 274 preserve in cans 274 preside 143 preside over 227 press 241 , 352, 367 pressure 241 pretend 175, 234, 254 pretend not to notice 293 pretend not to see 278 pretend to be a philosopher 323 pretend to be asleep 442 pretend to be dead 405 pretend to be stupid 32, 94, 286

518 pretend to be weak 241 prevail 202 prevent 151 , 267 prevent (from) 258 prevent s.o./ s.th. (from) 27 prevent s.th. 476 price 191 pride o.s. 34 print 244 proceed slowly 10, 25 , 404 produce 391,411 produce (land) 297 progress steadily 246 prohibit s.o. (from) 403 prolong 251 promise 280, 472 promise each other 472 promise o.s. 9 promote 163, 168 prostate o.s. in worship 185 protect 66,95 , 158, 185, 253 , 267, 299, 366 protect against 476 protest 71 protrude 410 prove 21 , 43 prove true 89, 225 provide 180, 392 provide (for) 424 provide (with) 474 provide for s.o. 282 provide recreation 161 provide with nunnation 442 provoke 47,77, 315 prune 293 publish 421 puff 429 pull 51 , 53, 209 pull o.s. together 396 pull off 360, 417 pull out 196, 344, 417 pulsate 409 pump 105, 239, 382 punch 382

Index punish 57, 272 punish severely 437 purchase s.th. 346 purify 435 purify o.s. 176 pursue 136, 272 pursue (a course) 439 pursue (a method) 439 pursue each other 3 73 pursue s.th. 181,335 push 130, 172 push against 425 , 426 push down 400 push one another 130 put 470 put aside 245 put down 86 put o.s. under protection (of) 253 pu~ off 399 put out (on the market) 245 put out new leaves 465 put s.o. to sleep 162 put to shame 107 put to the test 32 put to work 278 put up s.o. for the night 36 quake 177 qualify for 12 quarrel 208, 216, 245 quarrel with each other 207 quarrel with one another 216 quarrel with s.o. 207 quench one's thirst 171 quench s.o. 's thirst 171 question 183 quit 476 quiver 114 quote 328, 464 radiate 214 raid 302, 304, 398 raise 146, 160, 276 raise (dough) 118

Index raise awareness 4 73 raise the price 298 rape 292 rationalize 154 rattle 107 rattle in the throat 83 ravage 283 raze 131,447 re-do s.th. 281 reach 12,31,373,438,440,469 reach a compromise 233 reach adolescence 482 reach midway 424 react with indifference 477 read 41,248, 332 realize 127, 320 reason with s.o. 71 reassure 249 rebel 393 rebel (against) 268 recede 81 receive 197,339.442 receive enlightenment 441 receive in full 474 receive s.o. 329 receive s.th. 381 reciprocate 17 recite "shahada," creed oflslam 220 recite 421 recite verses 421 reclaim 233 reclaim (land) 174 recommend 469 recommend s.o. 176 reconcile 458, 474 reconcile with one another 233 reconstruct 277 record 185, 190 recover 271, 389,428 recover (from) 30 redden 93 reduce 113,343,434 refer to 98 refine 390, 432

519 refine s.th. 448 reflect 274 reflect on 24 refrain (from) 341 refrain 9 refrain from 72 refresh o.s. 169 refuse 1, 160 refute 125 regain 283 regain consciousness 326 regard 24, 143 regard as a good omen 306 regard as a heavy burden 311 regard as great 270 regard as nonexistent 447 regard as permissible 92 regard as ugly 24 regard attentively 155 regard highly 259 regard simplistically 23 regard unlikely 28 register 185 regret 415, 416 reign 122, 350 rein in 351 rein in (horse) 364 reject 409 rejoice at 312 rejoice at the misfortune of s.o. 218 rejoice over 312 relapse 437 release 189 release s.o. 118 relieve 46, 311, 431 rely (on) 165 remain 29, 369 remedy 458 remember 139 remind 139 remove 414, 181 remove (from) 338 remove veil 192 render victorious 423

520 render victory 253 renew 50 rent 2 rent to s.o. 358 repa~ 150, 165, 233 , 283,256 repent 41,415 repent (of) 416 reply 66 represent 165 represent s.o. 440 repress 351 reproach 261 reproduce 419, 478 reprove 256, 283 reprove each other 256 request 248, 282 request earnestly 149 request exemption 271 request postponement 3 require 248, 339, 375, 459 rescue 191 , 433 resemble 206, 242, 389 resent 187 reserve 72 reside 471 reside in a place 91 reside under the same roof 194 resign in God's will 81 resist 348, 440 resort (to) 371 , 412 resound 59, 136, 228 respect 475 respond to 370 respond to s.th. positively 66 restore to health 271 restrict 349 result 411 , 413 result (in failure) 35 result (from) 146 result in 192 resume 11, 280 retain 29, 107 retire 265, 341 retreat 186, 409, 413

Index return 12, 327, 280 reveal 61 , 215,248, 312,317, 318, 462 reveal to each other 360 reveal to s.o. 360 reverse 437 review 263 revile 444 revive 100, 168,428, 432,439 revoke 434 revolt 47 reward 57, 361 reward (for) 47, 57 ride 163 ridicule 187, 446, 449 ring 54, 130, 166 rinse (one's mouth) 398 rip 216,307, 445 ripen 119, 424,483 rise 160,191,212,230,248,276, 439 rise (above) 199 rise (sun) 212 rise up 444 risk 56, 111 roam 68,251 roar 172,257,338,447 roast 94 rob 194,438 rob (s.o.'s sleep) 339 rob s.o. (of) 22 roll along 125 roll into a ball 367 roll s.th. along 124 rotate 135 rove 236 row 51 rub 314 rub with kohl 355 rub with sandpaper 235 ruin 40 rule 89 ruminate 53 run 55

Index run away (from) 448 run away 415 run fast 260 run over 134 run wild 262 rush 1 89, 449 rush headlong into danger 454 rush off 130 rush out 249 rush s.o. 258 sacrifice 239 sacrifice s.th. for s.o. I s.th. 311 sadden 80,207,208 sadden s.o. 364 sail 15, 391,401 satisfy 156 satisfy one's appetite 205 saturate 21 0 save 97,125,337,413,473 say "In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate" 23 say "La Ill aha ilia Allah," 452 say 347 say publicly 64 scare 170 scatter 27, 139,411 scatter s.th. 139 scoff 451 scold 174, 279, 458 scold s.o. 334 scoop 88 scorn 26,77 scrape 54, 360 scrape off 355 scratch 77, 119 scratch up (the ground) 435 scream 228 scrutinize I 30, 310 scrutinize meticulously 287 seal (with) 103 search 135, 307 search for a drink 193

521 seat 60 seat s.o. 341 seduce 290 see 24, 143 see (to) 280 see an evil omen 252 see off 463 seek 383 seek a cure 216 seek advise from s.o. 423 seek aid 48 seek an oracle from the deity 336 seek clarification 37, 61 seek enlightenment 441 seek God's protection 281 seek information 248 seek inspiration 385, 462 seek protection 67, 95 seek rest 413 seek shade 253 seek shelter 13 seek to attain 28 seek to read 332 seek to surpass 199 seek to understand clearly 470 seek warmth 233 seem appropriate I 43 seep away 424 seep get juice out 90 seize 380 select 49, 121,232,435 sell 36 sell poorly (of goods) 358 sell well 168 send 26, 153,473 send back 150 send down 418,444 send s.o. on scholarship 27 send to s.o. (of God) 349 sense 81,213 sentence to death 260 serve I 04, 431 serve s.o. I 04 set 73

522 set (bones) 48 set (sun) 287 set (a time) 475 set aside 109, 155 set free 256 set in (month) 452 set in motion 204 set s.th. I s.o. up (for) 456 set up 223 settle 154 settle a mutual account 81 settle an account 80 settle an issue 82 settle down 333,471 settle o.s. 394 sew 121 shackle 352 shade 253, 327 shade o.s. (with) 327 shake 147,175,344,450 shake hands 197, 231 shake Ioose 114 shake off 431 shake violently 177 shape 117,217,250 share 336 share (feelings) 213 share advice 469 share half of s.th. 424 share together 336 sharpen 21, 73,208 shave 91 shear 56 sheathe 298, 299 shed (blood) 192 shift away (from) 410 shine 8, 22,212,383 ship 208 shiver 158 shock 33 shoot 345 shop 203 shout 23 7, 282 shove 173

Index shovel (away, out) 54 show 131, 143,254 show affection 69 show enmity 260 show love and mercy for one another 149 show o.s. friendly and kind 377 show up 460 shrink 364 shroud 186 shudder 431 shut 342 shut eyes 300 shut one's eyes 355 sign 475 signal 221,479 signal (with) 386 signal and wink to one another 299 silence 105 silence s.o. 30 silence s.o. with arguments 310 silly 187 simplify 23 sin 2 sing 209,287,287,288,302,421 sink 133 sink down 107 sit cross-legged 145 sit down 60, 341 sit or lie in the sun 218 sit with 60 skate 177 skin 195 slacken 150, 479 slake (a passion) 216 slander 45, 315, 330, 438 slap 192,231,377 slaughter 138, 414 sleep 300, 355, 357, 442, 445, 467 slide 173, 177 slide with 223 slip 176, 177 slip away 188, 323 slip away from 323

Index slip in (among) 128 slipout 415 slitopen 27 slumber 295 smash 86, 359, 451 smear 376 smell 219 smell pleasantly 420 smelt 235 smile 450 smoke (cigarette) 125 smoke hashish 83 snap at 334 snap up (a purchase) 112 snatch Ill snatch away from one another 112 sneak 189 sneak (into) 196 sneak up to 376 sneeze 269 sniff 421 sniff out 219 snip 338 snow 45 snuggle 448 soften 387 solve 91 soothe 446 sort 235 sour 94 sow 18 spare 302 spare effort 125 spare trouble 125 sparkle 383 speak 73, 363 speak frankly 228 speak ill (of) 262 speak in a loud-mouthed manner 209 speak in riddles 378 speak rudely 296 speak to 73 specialize in 109

523 speculate 239 speed 287 spell 446 spend 432 spend (time) 339, 398 spend the night praying 445 spend the summer 237 spill 449, 170 spilled 193 spin 290, 291 spit 22, 25, 40 splatter 15 split 216,318,324 spoil 202, 268, 396 spoil (s.o.'s life) 428 spoil (s.o.'s pleasure) 428 spray 154 spread 142, 150,213, 214, 223, 317 spread out 22, 317, 421 spread rumors 348 spread s.th . out 313 spring 410 spy 57 squander 16 squat on the floor 335 squeeze 267 squeeze dry 267 stab 246 stab s.o. I s.th . 247 stagger 166 stain 29, 133, 376 stammer 306, 372 stamp 133 stand 476 stand firm 43 stand in formation 232 stand out 410 stand up 348 stand upright 422 stare (at) 73 start 16, 73 start moving 79 startle 141 startle s.o. 315

524 state with the right-hand side 482 stay 400 stay as guest 243 stay away from 59, 99 stay overnight 36 stay up (at night) 201 steal (time) 115 steal 190, 422 steal s.th. 115 step 112 step back 414 step on s.th. 135 sterilize 250, 273 stick 376 stick (on) 375 stick together 3 73 stimulate 421, 439 sting 333, 374, 375 stipulate 424 stock I 06, I 07 stop (by) on the way 262 stop s.o./ s.th. 476 store I 06, I 07 store up provisions 406 storm 267 straighten 259 stray 42 strengthen 264, 348, 4 71 stress 409 stretch out (on) 3 13 stretch out 392 strike 192 strike fire 330 strive 64 strive (for) 248 stroll 397, 418 struggle (against) 361 struggle 425 struggle with one another 296 strut 122 study 127, 139, 140 study the Orient 212 study thoroughly 15, 184 study together 127, 139

Index stuff 84 stumble 257, 352 subdue 353 subject to II 0 subjugate 187 submerge 294, 302 submit 236, 331 subside 453 substitute 282 substitute (for) 17, 440 succeed 412 sue 339 suffer 152, 261,337, 351 , 367 suffer damage 240 suffer from colic 399 suffer from pain 8 suffer the agony of death 85 suffice 55, 302,362 suffice (for) 55 suffocate 119 suggest 333 suit 369, 418 sum up 62 summarize 108, 374 summon 129,331 supervise 161,212 supplement 127 supply with provisions 388, 406 support 5, 13 , 129, 159, 200,223, 262,268,284,362, 423 support each other 5 support one another 353 suppress 345, 351 suppress (anger) 364, 361 surge (sea) 405 surpass 326, 407 surprise 28, 308 surrender 110, 197 surround 97, 99, 244, 251 , 379 surround with luxury 39 survey 212 suspect 206 swagger 28 swallow 3 1

Index swallow up s.th. 381 sway 166,405,407 sway s.th 166 swear 91,336 sweep 358, 366 sweep (contests) 358 sweeten 92 swim 184, 282 swindle 437 swing 5 symbolize 165 sympathize 215 sympathize (with) 269 take 3 take (drugs) 270 take (photo) 380 take (the opportunity) 301 take a midday nap 350 take a nap 427 take a part 341 take advantage 345 take advise 423 take all foro. s. 2 take along 225 take an interest (in) 329, 454 take as a concubine 190 take as a good omen 24 takeaway 141 take back 148 take by 289 take by force 292 take by surprise 134 take from 289 take instead of 18 take o.s. (to a place) 169 take off 116, 244 take off(plane) 344 take on as a pupil 41 take one's time 153 take out 105 take over (post) 343 take place 72, 475 take possession (of) 97, 4 79

525 take possession of s.o. 264 take precautions 80 take premature action 22 takepride(in) 310 take refuge 281, 386 take refuge in 371 take refuge with 371 take revenge (for) 216 take revenge (on) 216, 338,435 take sides 70, 97, 289,401 take the initiative (in, to) 16 take to one another Ill take turns 440 take up 119 take up a loan 137 take up professionally 78 talk 159 talk at length 153 talk frankly together 228 talk gently to 429 talk nonsense 112, 378 talk to 110 talk (with) 364 tame 169,250 tap 123 taste 142 tattoo 468 teach 275 teach s.o. 322 tear 307 tear down 447 tear in pieces 395 tear out (hair and the like) 411 tear to pieces 315 tear to shreds 445 tease 59 telecommunicate 10 I telephone 40 telephone s.o. 469 televise 40 tell 90 tell (as story) 170 tell lies 306 tell the truth 227

526 tempt 169, 303 terminate 440 terrorize 167 test 102 testify 219 thank 216 theorize 426 thicken 296 think 322 think little of s.th./ s.o. 175 think over 169 think s.th. good 66 think wrongly 480 thread 131 threaten 4 72 threaten s.o. 466 throb 409, 460 throng 451 throw 155, 332, 381 throw (dust in s.o.'s eyes) 138 throw (into prison) 172 throw at each other 332 throw down 139 throw o.s. (on) 166 throw s.o. to the ground 25 throw s.th. 166 thunder 157 tie(up) 145 tie a head band 267 tie the hands behind the back 353 tighten 70, 243 tilt 407 tire 39 title 199 toil 355 tolerate 67 topple 351 torment 261 torture 261 touch 383 touch each other 383, 396 tour 251 tower 199 trace s.th. to an origin 265

Index track 38, 342, 343 trade 38 train 126, 169 train s.o. 394 transcribe 419 transfer 434 translate 39 translate into Arabic 261 transmigrate 419 transmit 14 transport 344 trap 237 travel 192, 204 travel by night 190 travel together 161 tread 471 tread underfoot 129 treat 274, 277 treat (a patient) 136 treat as a friend 117 treat crudely 59 treat gently 161 treat hospitably 357 treat informally 23 treat kindly 377 treat s.o. unfairly 285 treat unjustly 28, 94, 253, 266 treat with kindness 48 treat with reverence 19 tremble 114,148, 158 trim 210 triple 45 trouble 300 trust (in) 459 trust in God 477 trust in s.o. 477 try 52, 98 try on 349 try to conciliate s.o. 157 try to gain favor 462 tumble down 129 tum 378 tum (against) 135 tum (around) 135

Index tum (away) 263 tum (away, from) 98 tum (on) 135 tum (to) 262, 276 tum (toward) 482 tum 379,478 tum around and attack 356 tum away (from) 414 tum away 226,437 tum into cheese 49 tum off 78, 269 tum one's back on 123 tum s.th. around 343 tum s.th. upside down 361 twinge 462 twist 21,51,308,386 tyrannize 48, 247 uncover 61,264,360 understand 320, 325 undervalue 300, 455 underwrite 353 unite 322, 461 unstitch 307 untangle 91 uproot 49, 344 urge 71,87,456,469 urge on s.th./ s.o. 172 urge s.th. (on) s.o. 372 urinate 35, 36 use 104, 278 use as a shield 138 use as basis 200 use obscene language 309 use personification 426 use the indefinite form 436 use up 430 use vulgar language 18 usurp 292 utilize 432 utter 326,327,426,379 vacation 237 vaccinate 380

527 vaccinate (against) 85 vacillate 138 value 46 value lightly 113 vanish 260, 375 vary 169,441 vary (artistically) 324 veer 63 veil s.o .71 venerate 331. 456 venture 52, 331 verify 43, 235, 459 vex 304,305 vibrate 138 view 372 vilify 330 violate 117, 436, 439 visit 180 visit each other 180 volunteer 251 vomit 349 vote 236 VOW 416 wail 413,441 wait 161, 171 wait (for) 427 wake up 226, 482 walk 204, 397 walk with a graceful swing 392 walk with a swing Ill wander 65, 68 want 169, 222, 462 ward off 126 warn 75,416 wary 77 wash 291 wash thoroughly 291 waste 447 waste (time) 243 watch 311,220,447 watch out 75 water with rain 304 wave 386

528 wax 218 weaken 241 , 306 wean 320 wear 152, 369 wear a turban 278 wear out 117, 439 wear shoes 428 weave 418 weave tight 70 weave together 70 weep 30,413 weigh 465 welcome 88, 149 weld 373 wet 30 wet s.th. 416 whet s.o. 's appetite 220 whisper 450, 467 whistle 231 widen 466 win 253, 326 win over 407 wink 165, 299 wipe off 395 wipe one's tears 361 wipe out 186 wish 149, 462 withdraw 186 withdraw o.s. 181 wither 138, 142 withhold (from) 242 withstand 234 witness 219

Index wonder 257 work 215,277 work hard 64, 355 worship 255 wound 53, 272 wound s.o. 333 wounded 53 wrap 297 wrap (up) 379 wrap o.s. 124 wrap one's face up 371 wrap up with 379 wreck 446 wrest (from) s.o. 417 wrestle 229 write 163, 353 write a book 8 write a preface 226 write down 123,136 write freely 153 writhe 386 wrong s.o. 451 yawn 43 yearn 269, 384 yearn (for) 96 yearn for the past 30 yell 175, 237 yellow 231 yield 119,139, 156 yield to 114 zigzag 262