A Concise Coptic-English Lexicon (Resources for Biblical Study)

A CONCISE COPTIC-ENGLISH LEXICON Second Edition

SOCIETY OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE Resources for Biblical Study

Edited by Beverly Gaventa

Number 35 A CONCISE COPTIC-ENGLISH LEXICON Second

Edition

by Richard Smith

A CONCISE COPTIC-ENGLISH LEXICON Second Edition

by Richard Smith

Society of BibHcal Literature Resources for Biblical Study

Scholars Press Atlanta, Georgia

A CONCISE COPTIC-ENGLISH LEXICON Second Edition by Richard Smith Copyright © 1983 by Richard Smith Revisions copyright © 1999 by the Society of Biblical Literature All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permitted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the Rights and Permissions Office, Scholars Press, P.O. Box 15399, Atlanta, GA 30333-0399, USA. Typesetting by Richard Whitaker on an HP LaserJet II P and an Ibycus SC Computer. Coptic and Greek fonts designed by and software written by Richard Whitaker.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Smith, Richard, 1943 Sept. 28A concise Coptic-English lexicon / by Richard H. Smith. — 2nd ed. p. cm. — (Resources for biblical study ; no. 35) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-7885-0561-0 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Coptic language Dictionaries—English. I. Title. II. Series. PJ2181.S63 1999 493'.2321—dc21 99-27936 CIP

Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface to the Second Edition

vii

Preface to the First Edition

ix

Introduction

xi

Resources

xv

Abbreviations and Signs Coptic-English Lexicon

xvii 1

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION In the years since its publication, this lexicon has served well as a classroom tool. Over the years, however, reviewers and colleagues have pointed out errors and suggested improvements, and I am grateful to Scholars Press, in republishing the book, for allowing me to incorporate most of these suggestions. Hardly a page has been left without some refinement. I will discuss some more general matters in this preface. The transliterations of the letters have provoked comment, but they are from the system reconmiended by the Society of Biblical Literature's "Instructions for Contributors." The names of the letters are from late manuscripts, often in the Bohairic dialect, and are given simply for their usefulness. In the year this lexicon was first published, a popular introductory grammar of the language also appeared (Lambdin, 1983), but for an overview of the grammar more consistent with this lexicon, see Emmel, 1992 (which contains a good bibHography of Coptology), and the forthcoming grammar of Bentley Layton. The Bibliography of this lexicon ("Resources") remains a list of sources used in its compilation. Much unpubhshed Nag Hammadi material that I had access to over a decade ago is now published in the E. J. Brill series of editions with Coptic indexes. The French language editions, in the series Bibliotheque Copte de Nag Hammadiy published by the University of Laval, is, as of 1992, being accompanied by complete computer generated concordances to each codex. On the publication of this second edition I would like to thank my students from over the years, who challenged nearly every entry in its pages. Also, once again, thanks to Richard Whitaker not only for typesetting, but for designing Coptic fonts. Finally, I want to thank the Society of Biblical Literature for awarding this project a research grant which helped prepare the manuscript for publication. Richard H. Smith Claremont Graduate University Institute for Antiquity and Christianity

Vll

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION This small Coptic lexicon has its origin in a word list compiled for students. The unavailability of a student dictionary had presented an obstacle to the teaching of the language. The work thus grew out of a classroom setting. It is intended primarily for beginners, yet its handy size may also make it a useful reference for advanced readers. Several colleagues, also faced with the need for such a book, encouraged its publication. Coptology is fortunate to have among its tools one of the finest of ancient language dictionaries, that by W. E. Crum. Crum's dictionary is essential for understanding the meanings of Coptic words. The student is discouraged from using this concise lexicon to the exclusion of Crum, especially as he or she progresses. Crum's dictionary, unfortunately, is convenient in neither size nor price. The present dictionary is designed to be both handy and affordable. During the years since Crum's great work was published, a few minor corrections have been made to the placement or understanding of certain words. Where I am aware of these, I have taken them into account. In compiling this lexicon I received helpful suggestions, specific and general, from many scholars. I thank them all, especially Stephen Emmel. All final decisions, however, including those found to be erroneous, are my own. For the design and technical production of the book, I am grateful to Richard Whitaker. Two of my students have been indispensible. Frans Huizenga helped prepare the manuscript for publication and Deborah Ellens performed the rigorous task of putting it into the computer. Finally, I would like to give my deeply felt thanks to James M . Robinson and the staff of the Institute for Antiquity and Christianity in Claremont, California, James Brashler, James Goehring and Marvin Meyer. They not only assisted with this project but also gave enduring encouragement to my studies. xyoj xifHUi^x eBOA ^ I ' ^ o o T o y (NH VII, 118:21-22)

IX

INTRODUCTION USING THE LEXICON The words are alphabetized, as in Crum's dictionary, primarily by root consonants and then by the vowels within the structure of consonants. A glance down the first dozen or so words under B , for example, should make the system clear. Words having an initial vowel are alphabetized by that vowel and then by the consonantal root. This system is practical because the root of a Coptic word is its consonants. Thus all forms, derivatives and variant spellings can be placed under one main entry. Since a primary concern of this lexicon is to be helpful to students, many forms that are difficult to recognize are cross-listed, a brief definition is given, and the abbreviation v. directs attention to the main entry. Most forms resulting simply from vowel reduction have not been cross-listed. Therefore, many prenominal and presuffixal forms beginning with a short vowel can be found under a longer vowel: for on^ look up con. In Nag Hammadi texts, the o sometimes shifts to x, thus for xu^ look up con. Since Coptic and English belong to different language famiUes, and Coptic words are not always described by the word class of their English translation, this lexicon usually avoids giving parts of speech. With substantives, the gender is an unportant consideration in translating, and this is noted m. (masculine) or f. (feminine). When the gender is not known, this lexicon simply indicates n. (noun). An adjectival definition following a noun usually relates to the use of that noun in an attributive relationship. Any Coptic infinitive can be used as a masculine noun. In this lexicon, where the nominal definitions are given, they are separated from the verbal definitions by a semicolon. Many compound nouns with such common prefixes as ^ T - , M N T - , pR, peq-, and 6IN- are not listed in this lexicon, nor are many of the compound verbs formed with such words as K3t-, p-, f-, ^ n - , qi-, and x\'. The lexicon does, however, contain all of the compounds listed by Bruce Metzger as occurring frequently in the Coptic New Testament. Many grammatical forms are given in the lexicon which may be especially helpful to beginners. The proper translation of such material is determined by context. It is included here more as a convenience than as a guide. I assume that this book will be used in conjunction with the study of grammar. In the interest of simplicity, the lexicon is not exhaustive with regard to variants in spelling. Words spelled withT, for instance, may also be spelled with

xii

Coptic-English Lexicon

ej, and vice versa. Likewise, y sometimes interchange. The use of supralinear strokes is limited to the sonants B, A , M, N , and p. Actual scribal systems of supralineation varied from manuscript to manuscript. GREEK WORDS IN COPTIC A complete Coptic vocabulary properly includes many words derived from Greek. A dictionary of this vocabulary has never been ventured, though it is greatly needed. In reading Coptic texts, one must work with a Greek lexicon and suffer the problems that arise from partial assimilation of the words to the Coptic language. A few, indeed, have found their way directly into Coptic dictionaries, e.g., B ^ C A O T from | j . r | X w T f ] . However, since most Greek derivatives are not included in Coptic dictionaries, a few remarks on their nature might be helpful. Greek adjectives are used in Coptic as nouns. Nouns derived from Greek retain their masculine or feminine gender. As there is no Coptic neuter, neuter nouns become masculine. Verbs derived from Greek tend to appear in the Greek present imperative form. In all dialects but Sahidic, and frequently in the Nag Hammadi texts, these verbs require the Coptic auxiliar verb p (from eipe do). Greek words may appear in Coptic in non-classical Greek spellings. For the Greek rough breathing, Coptic tends to use e, but will sometimes also use this letter to aspirate words that, in Greek, have a smooth breathing: e'KcuN for E L k w v . Non-classical manuscripts may employ unexpected aspiration, so that in the version of The Apocryphon of John in Nag Hammadi Codex III we find ^iMa^pMeNH, in the Codex II version cyiM^LpMeNH, and in the Codex IV version J C i M i p M e N H for eL|jiap}j,€vrj. A few Greek words developed Coptic forms: vj/Yxooye and rp^ooYe as the plurals souls and scriptures. K a r d and -rrocpd developed the presuffixal forms KXTX[>O^ and n^pi^po*^. Coptic texts use the standard Greek abbreviations for sacred names such asT^ for ' Irjcro'Oq. A list of these is given in most of the grammars. THE N A G H A M M A D I CODICES A single archaeological event is responsible for most of the recent interest in Coptic studies: the discovery in 1945 of a collection of Gnostic texts near Nag Hammadi, Egypt. Because of the importance of these texts, the publisher encouraged the compiler of this lexicon to make it more useful for Nag Hammadi reading. Doing this required certain format decisions that have to be explained. Most Coptic teaching and reference materials describe the classical Sahidic dialect of the language. The texts of the Coptic-Gnostic library show us a rather mchoate stage of the language. Codices I, X, and the first two tractates of Codex XI are primarily in the Subachmimic dialect. The bulk of the Nag Hammadi Library gives the general appearance of Sahidic, yet betrays characteristics of Subachmimic and occasionally dialects spoken even further down the Nile, Fayyumic and Bohairic. Moreover, certain words and characteristics labeled by Crum as "archaic" or "older MSS" appear in the Nag

Introduction Hanmiadi texts. Many words and spellings that appear in the Nag Hammadi texts were previously unattested. The most notable of the features differing from standard Sahidic are several shifts among the vowels, primarily ^ for o , x for e , and e for x.'\ is frequently written ei following vowels. Double vowels can become single, and single vowels double. A final e is sometimes added after a consonant. The supralinear stroke can be used to indicate e ( ^ N - for the plural indefinite article zeu-, occasionally in the possessive articles nR-, etc.). N - can be assimilated to p Q^pcoMe) or B ^ B A x e ) . The full form of a verb can be used as a prenominal form, p - is often used as an auxiliary with Greek verbs, N sometimes appears before Greek conjunctions:Rrxp, N A B , M M € N . This lexicon is fundamentally a Sahidic lexicon. All material not considered by Crum to be standard Sahidic has been bracketed. Also bracketed are a few words labeled Sahidic by Crum but whose attestation appears confined to the Coptic Gnostic corpus, e.g. ^ c o c y q . Not every spelling variant is listed. Most conjectural readings and some hapax legomena have been excluded. Nonetheless, the words listed provide a large enough vocabulary for the reading of Nag Hammadi texts along with standard texts such as the Coptic New Testament, Enclosure of material in brackets is not a statement about Coptic dialects. It should be understood that there is no Nag Hammadi dialect, nor is there much consistency in dialect from codex to codex nor often even from tractate to tractate. The coming years will see the continued study of the language in which these texts are written. Doubtless a definitive treatment, perhaps even a revision of Crum's dictionary, will result. In the meantime, I hope this modest book encourages the reading of Nag Hammadi texts by those whose interest is not primarily linguistic but rather the appreciation and interpretation of these most intriguing documents.

RESOURCES Bohlig, Alexander, and Wisse, Frederik, eds. Nag Hammadi Codices 111,2 and IVy2: The Gospel of the Egyptians. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1975. Crum, W. E. A Coptic Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1939. Cemy, J. Coptic Etymological Dictionary. Cambridge: University Press, 1976. Dragnet, Ren6. Index Copte et Grec-Copte de la Concordance du nouveau Testament Sahidique. Louvain, 1960. Emmel, Stephen. Nag Hammadi Codex 11,2-7, 2 vols. (Bentley Layton, ed.). Indexes. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1989. Emmel, Stephen. Nag Hammadi Codex 111,5, The Dialogue of the Savior. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1984. Emmel, Stephen. "Coptic Language." In D. N. Freedman, ed. The Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol. 4, New York: Doubleday, 1992. Hedrick, Charles W. Nag Hammadi Codices XI, XII and XIII. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1990. Kasser, R., et al., eds. Tractatus Tirpartitus, 2 vols. Bern: Francke, 1973-75. Krause, Martin and Girgis, Viktor. "Neue Texte" (Nag Hammadi Codex VII, I, 2, 3, and 5). In Altheim, Franz and Stiehl, Ruth, eds. Christenturm am Roten Meer, vol. 2. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1973. Krause, Martin and Labib, Pahor. Die Drei Versionen Des Apokryphon Des Johannes im Koptischen Museum zu Alt-Kairo. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1962. Lambdin, Thomas O. Introduction to Sahidic Coptic. Macon: Mercer, 1983. Layton, Bentley. A Coptic Grammar. Unpubhshed. Layton, Bentley. The Gnostic Treatise on Resurrection from Nag Hammadi. Missoula: Scholars Press, 1979. Layton, Bentley. 'The Hypostasis of the Archons," Harvard Theological Review 67 (1974), 351-425: 69 (1976), 31-101. Malinine, M., et oL, eds Epistula lacobi Apocrypha. Zurich: Rascher, 1968. Malinine, M., et al, eds. Evangelium Veritatis. Zurich: Rascher, 1956. Metzger, Bruce M. Lists of Words Occuring Frequently in the Coptic New Testament. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1962. Meyer, Marvin W. The Letter of Peter to Philip. Missoula: Scholars Press, 1981. Parrott, Douglas M. ed. Nag Hammadi Codices 111,3-4 and V,l with EG 8502,3. Leiden: E. J. BriU, 199L Parrott, Douglas M. ed. Nag Hammadi Codices V,2-5 and VI with Papyrus Berolinensis 8502,1 and 4. Leiden: E. J. BriU, 1979. Pearson, Birger A., ed. Nag Hammadi Codex VII Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1996. XV

xvi

Coptic-English Lexicon

Pearson, Birger A., ed. Nag Hammadi Codices IX and X. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 198L Plumley, J. Martin. An Introductory Coptic Grammar (Sahidic Dialect). London: Home and Van Thai, 1948. Sieber, John. Nag Hammadi Codex VIII. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1991. Till, Walter C. Koptische Grammatik (smdischer Dialekt) mit Bibliographiey LesestUcken and WOrterverzeichnissen. Leipzig: VEB, 1961. Turner, John D. The Book of Thomas the Contender. Missoula: Scholars Press, 1975 Waldstein, Michael, and Wisse, Frederik, The Apocryphon of John: Synopsis of Nag Hammadi: Codices IIJ; III, I; and IV, I with BG 8502, 2 Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1996. Westendorf, Woifhart. Koptisches Handwdrterbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, 1977.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS art. aux. caus. cf. conj. base def. f. or fem. Gk. imper. indef. m. or masc. n. neg. p.c. pi. q.v. sing. subj. V.

vb.

t >

(

)

article auxiliary causative verb confer (compare the entry indicated) conjugation base (tense marker) definite feminine Greek imperative form of verb indefinite masculine noun (with no attested gender) negative paticipium conjunctum (conjunctive particle) plural quod vide (which see) singular subject vide (see the word indicated for the proper er verb prenominal form presuffixal form qualitative form of verb separates verbal and nominal definitions Parenthetical comments amplify usage derivation. Brackets contain words, forms and definitions found in Nag Hammadi texts that Crum does not consider standard Sahidic Coptic.

xvii

X called x\x X

transliterated a

as number one

[x

can stand in place of e or o ] conjugation base I perfect (from e r p e )

X'^ [xz^],X' ^ -

prefix of imperative (some vbs.)

[x

xpx^

] V. €

X',Hxxx^

v.eipe

x\x\

e\>o^

tOy for

about, approximately

(used with distance, weight, numbers and time)

do, make

[xe\€Y],oV

[A.eit]

increase, grow, begreat^, honored^; m. increase,

growth xeiHC

[^eiH,iM3LeiH]

x\(jjw,Zxio XBcjj

f. net

XBOJK, pi. 3iBOOKe

m. crow, raven

] V. e i e B T

[xeiBTs

east

XBx6He\H,zxBx6H€\N xe\K

tsize

hail!

mS.glass

m.

consecration

x\xe\K

consecrate;

XKHC

m. belt,

x \

n. deaf

x\

m, pebble,

consecration

hearing impaired

person

stone

xxfATie

hailstone

x\e,x\o^, x\o^

m.

apron

imper. A^ACOTN

x\Hy^,

mount, go up, ascend

stop! (imper. of x o )

xxoy

[exoy]

x\a>

ml. child, boy, girl

[exoy]

f. pupil of eye

X A O ) , e AOD, pi. .31 A o o y e x\TKXc xMoy,

[xTKxc]

2nd person sing. fem.

[^LMHTFT]

A.MRTe

f. snare, trap

m.marrow 2nd person pi. ^LMHIN, ^ . M H e i T N , ^MounNe

XMH,

come! (imper. of e i )

[sMNTe]

m. hell, hades, the underworld

A.MpH2e

m. asphalt

xMxz^e

[eMxzTs]

xTXMxzTe

prevail, grab, rule, detain; m.power, uncontrollable,

XH - great one of commander A.N-, pi. i N A . N -

prefixed to certain numerals and nouns

collective numeral prefix

^LN [ € H ] postpositive negative particle not XH'

might

incomprehensible

we ( A N O N ) 1

[xu]

ON

[XH]V.

again

xux:i, X N i r t

be pleasing, pleasant; m. beauty

fxNx*"

hix^] be pleasing to, please

xfiOK ,xhir-

personal pronoun 1st person sing. m.f. / (am)

XUOK [xNXK],xur-

I

prT3LK],NTK- yOW siug. ttiaSC.

NTOK

FfTo,RTeNToq

yow sing. fem.

pTTA-q] he

NTOc

plT^Lc]

xuou

she we

[XHXH],XH'

RTCDTR

[lRTcuTNe],RT€TKf-

RTooy

pJTA.Y]

XNcme,

bring! (imper. of e i N C )

XH\^

3iNCHB€,3.N2HBe ANcRMe XHxy

yow pi.

they

t SChool

ordinance v. c P l M e

look! (imper. of Hxy)

XHXQ) [xHOig,eHxo)], fxHXig

pi. xHxyi^

m. oath

swear

[3LNH^e ] V. e N e 2

eternity

XHXo:>x

xo^x

chiefV.

title of respect for monks and saints ( d p p d )

xux

x n e , pi. x n H y e xu^HTB

f. head, chief

[A\|/],Hnc

xuc A.nor

t number {a>n)

m. cup

x^\x\>\^ xi>HB

do! (imper. of eipe ) m. pledge,

deposit

x[>\Ke m. blame, 6RipiKe eA.pHy

accusation blame, find fauh with

i p i ^ do! (imper. of e i p e )

A.pipe, x\>\

perhaps, if or forming an interrogative

jipooye

n. thistle

xpocy

become

xpq^iN

m. lentil, lentil soup

A.pee

cold; m. cold

[^pne] V. e ^ p e e

[x\>ex^y.(x>i>x xi>Hx^ xc

keep

be firm

n. end of boundary of limit of

[ec]

xxc

authority

L period of time, while, briefly

old

in fxxc

punch, hit, slap

[ e c i e e i ] , JtCCDoyt, ^ i c i c D o y t [ a i c i H o y r t , e c i c u o y t ]

xcx\

swift Z^oy xcx'i 'xce

[xc€,xc\]v. xcns

six

o c e f. language,

xcoy

[ecoy]

[xcz] XT-

lightly

V. c o o y

loss speech

f. price, value

sicklev,(jJZ^ negative particle not, without, un-, in-, -less

[xTe]v,

oore

womb

be light, relieved,

BHB

XTo,

XT€ - n. crowdy many, various iLTecMOT variety

[XTK XC]W.X \TKXC

maTTOW

xy, xyi, xyeic comely give!, hand over! xy' (for xoy with o eUding) I perfect before indef. art. sing. [3.Y-]v.eY-

andy coordinates phrases or nouns, cf. MN-, ^i^ Y ^ ON moreover xyxHyXyxxHy xy^m [eoY^J^N] m. color, appearance xy<jJH open! (imper. of O Y ^ O N ) JiY'^'^ company, crowd, monastic community xix) [ecy] what?, who?, which? x(j^ R 2 € , N A a ^ N^e how? xi^xi [XQ)€\, ^LCi^eeiTe ] , ocyt become many, multiply; m. multitude xq^H f. multitude x q T nail xyoj

-xc\Te

v.qTOOY

four

[ x ^ ^ ] V. A.^ conj. base I perfect xze^ V, co^e stand xze m. lifetime ^xze spend a life XZ'B V. e^e yes [ e ^ o ] , pl. A^cDcop [e^cjDp] m. treasure, storehouse, treasury x^oM [ e ^ O M ] in A.cy3L:^OM,qi3t20M sigh, groan; m.groan xz^JM m. eagle, falcon TJxz^J^f^ name of early fourth-century founder of cenobitic monasticism, Fachomius xz?o^ what?, why?y what's wrong? J i ^ e p ^ T ^ v.a>2€: stand xx\^ speakly say! (imper. of occu) xx'fl'

[xTxnE:-\,BxTl',xxTlT^

ySxTlT^

without

3i6Bec, 3 L T B € C f. moisture x6^HH f. barren woman

B

called B H T A . F B

as number two sometimes interchanges with q can stand for R-] B ,B m. palm branch BCD V. qco hair BOD N - [Be - N-] f. -plant, -tree BHB m. cave, hole, den, nest

transliterated b

4

BJixee

BA^Lse, B3iBCua>^, p.c. B^tBe - be insipid, foolish, despise B3iBep<JDMe

n . braggart

bubble, pour, rain BBpH6e V. eBpH6€ lightning B a > K , B O K ^ , BHKt go, depart, be going^ BCDK e B O A leave BcoK e n e c H T descend BcoK e^pi.! ascend BCDK e ^ o y N ( e - ) enter B€€Be,B€B€

HI. Servant, slave] wage, payment, reward

[BCOK, f. BCOKi, p i . e B i x i K , B X U i K B e K e , pi. B e K H y e

m.

conception become pregnant, make pregnant B e K e n, fetus] Bx\ [ B e A ] m.eye BOA [BX\] m. outside e B O A [3cBOA,3tBA.A] out, outwurd, awoy e B O A z^'y N^HT*^ from, out of as a result of e B O A xe- because H B A - , F f B A A i L ^ except C 3 c B O A , T T c a L B O A , N C 3 L N B O A outsidc, beyond [BOKI

n.

epBA.Ki

q)XBO\

to the end, forever

Z^BOX

from, away from e i B O A outside p B O A escape, flee KiiBOA vomit BCD A , B A BO A ^ , Bx A ^ , BH A t , p.c. B3L A - looscn, releosc, solvc, interpret; m. interpretation BCD A e B O A release, destroy, dissolve, be ruined^ B O A B A [B3LABAe],BABa>A^, p.c. B i i A B A - digup B A B i A e f. kernel, seed, fruit, berry [ B C O A K , B x \ K ^ , BOAeKt be angry; m . anger B A K e f. anger] B A A e [ B B A A H ] , f . B A A H , pi. B A A e e y e [ B A A A i i y ] m, blind person B i A O T f. sheepskin garment (jariXcoTf)) BXace, B A A J c e tpottery, shard EXXMUB

mi. goat

bad, evil BOONe f. evil

BcuoDN

f. evil eye (e\x) date palm, date B e N i n e [Bi^Nine, n e N i n e ] m . iron, metal tool, sword, chain Bip, f. Bipe m . basket B p i , pi. FpHye V. eBpx seed Bepo) f. whirlpool Ba>a)pe,Beepe-,BOop^,Boopet push, drive B f B p [ B p B p e ] boil B p p e new, young B i . p a > T [ B e p c D T ] m. bronze eiepBooNe

BNNe

f.

e-

spear m. palm leaf BHT c n i p trih BOT€ f. abomination, anathema J C i B o r e loathe, abhor [ B € p H 2 ] V. M e p e ^

BHT

BcuT€,qcoTe,BeT-,q€T-,BHTt,qHTt Bcou^, B e c 9

BOiS)^, B o 6 ^ [BC^^ ] , BHcyt

forsake ]?a)e forgetfulness, sleep v. BAC9op,pL BA.q^oop B^q^oyp

pollute, hate be loosened, strip, divest, release,

COBO^

i.fox

f. saw

BXi^oyi^ m. rue m. penis %oyz^ h o Y Z ^ j B ^ Z o y ] B J c ^ c e f. heifer, calf

m. eyelid

r called r ^ M M A

transliterated ^

r as number three -r for - K suffix pronoun 2nd person sing. masc. r is rare except in words of Gk. derivation Gk. y is sometimes replaced by Coptic K

called A i c A A i A A A

transliterated d

as number/owr is used only in words of Gk. derivation sometimes interchanges with T [I'^xT^LBXcoe

foriXAA3LB3.a>e]

e called €1 transliterated e e as number ^ v e [e often interchanges with x ] [e added after final B,A,M,N,p] [et,e€^,€eT^] e-

[3>.-],epo^

v.eipe

[^P^^] to, for, against, about, concerning^ from, towards, until,

than n. debt The paradigm for e p o ^ and other presuffixal forms ending in

erepo** epoi

to

epoK

ro yow sing. masc. f6> yow sing. fem.

epo epoq

to

me

him

is this:

epoc

to her

epoN

to us

epoDTl?

to you pi

epooy

to them

e - [x - ] , e p o ^ [^P^^ ] introduces direct object after verbs of cognition and perception 6 - [x-] with infinitive: coordinates a second verb to . , . e^, e p e -

circumstantial converter sincey aftery whiky as, when,

having

, e p e - [ e -] conjugation base II present N a L - , e p € - . . . HX' [ e - . . . HX-^X. . . ux-] conjugation base II future e - conjugation base III future - e suffix pronoun 2nd person sing. fem. you, omitted after a vowel Q)XH' conjugation base conditional//, ZOTXH

is^xH'

[^le ]

ele

whenever

ecjD, pi. e o o y v. e i a > eBH

[n.

darken

m. honey

[eBO,eBa>] v.Mno esox

mute

out v,EO\

€BiHN

m.f. poor, wretched

€Bpx,FpA,pl.

eKiBe,KiBe

[6iBe]

X , e A i AT t

be impatient,

{.grapevine m. vineyard

[eAoyJv. AAoy y.x\uj

child

snare

e M o y , pi. e M o o y e eMNT

worried]

m. sour grapes

ReAOOAe

e\<jj

anxious,

m.grape

BCD R e A O O A e MX

nipple

didrachm

[e\xx\e]

e A e A 2 Fl jc

{.lightning

m. month (of thirty days)

i. breast,

[ e K e i x t ] V. K i T e e\oo\e

m.seed

[2ieBpHJc,2BBpH6e]

pi. e s a i T e , € B e T €

€BOT,

f. cat

m. west

[ e M R r e ] w.xMUTe

hell

e n n ^ L T e ^ v. RnxTs^ eMHpe

{.flood,

SMice

m. dill

SMXTB

V.

[cM^a^o [BMXZTS

conj. base not yet

inundation Very much

MXTS

very ]

[eu]w.xH [SNX^

person

eBpHye,BpHye

eBpH6e,FBpH6e

[e

donkey

darkness]

peBH eBi'co

(6TOL\/)

(fore^ C ^ J I N T M - ) negative conditional then, introduces apodosis, interjection or interrogative

TM-

and only

much]

xMxzre prevail negative particle

V.

inpeNi^ ]

be pleasing to v. XHX:\

e N € N e - before question whether B N e ^ , e n e - [ N e - ] circumstantial of preterit if . . . were, if . . . had

ene^, s N e p e - relative preterit - II preterit

€Ne^, eNepe e n e - v. C O N S

stone

[ e N K ] v . e t N e bring eNiM draw lots I^TXZ'] conjugation base relative I perfect [eN^iU^ ] V, XHxo) oath SHSZ [ ^ N H ^ e ] m. eternity, age, ever, eternal with negative never erpe^ erepe

burden v. c o r n

v. r p e ^ conj. base - v. e T - relative particle

erooT^

to V. r c D p e

[ e y J v . o Y what? e o o y [ea^y] m. glory f e o o y NX^ glorify jcfeooy be glorified e y - [^y -] (for e o y - with o ehding) preposition e - [x-] before indef. art. sing. e ya>, e oya> f. pledge, deposit V . xyxN

[eoyxH]

color

be able to [ec9 ] V. xi^ what? SQ^x^ V. <j)x^ conj. base eq^-v.o^-

eu^cju

f. sow

a^e,pl. ecx)xy eo^cjune

m,pig

[eo^ne,eio^ne]

/fv.cycone

eigxi>e-w.Q^x^

conj. base e c y c j D T j p l . e o ^ o T e v. c y c o T trader e a ^ u ^ e v. u ^ c y e be suitable ec9.xe- if, as if, howl, indeed, then ecyjcne means the same ( e o ) j c e plus e c p c D n e ) e ^ e , pi. e ^ o o y m.f. ox, cow e , ,X yes, indeed €^ZH,€:2HT:^ V. front [ e , pi. e ^ c o p ]w.xzo treasure e ^ o y e e :^oye p o ^ more than, rather than v. ^ o y o e ^ o y N e - into w.zoyu e ^ N e ez^x^ v. ^ N e willing ezr^i upward, downward v. z?x\ ^Z?^-y ^Z?x^ (o, among v. e ^ T O V. ^ T o horse e . X H y ships v. xo'i exu' [xx^'],ex(d>^ [xxcjD^] uponw.xoj^ BxTl-, € J C R T ^ V . X X ^ - without e6a)C9, pi. e 6 o o a ^ m. Ethiopian, Cushite

F Greek letter digamma as number six

called zviTX

2 transliterated z

2 as number seven Z is rare except in words of Gk. derivation

eiMe

H

called

transliterated e

H as n u m b e r eight H I , H € i m . house pRNHi m.f. member of household, relative, steward HN [ H N € ] m.ape n n t be counted^ v. a > n H n e number v. a> n H n c V. xnc number H p n , e p n -, p n - m. wine Hce

/sw

called eHTX e e

e transliterated ^/i

as number nine for TZ, frequently the def. art. sing. fem. before a Coptic word with initial 2 or a Gk. word with rough breathing

called \(d>Tx

ei,f,l transliterated ei, i

T as number ten €\ is usually treated as a consonant (Middle Egyptian y ) €1 [i] come, be coming^ NHY^ q.v., serves as the qualitative of ei imper. ^ M o y q.v. e i e B O A come out, leave e i e ^ o y N e - enter H [ - e i ] suffk pronoun 1st person sing, me - T following consonants but omitted after T e\x m. valley, ravine, cave €\x, e i e p - , €\XT^ f. eye (only in compounds, cf. B X \ ) KO) z^eixT^ plan, intend tixixT^ [ N e e i G T * ^ ] blessed T O Y N e f a i T ^ , T O Y N O Y e i a t T ^ instruct €icjL> [€\(jjs],s\x-,s\xx^,e\H^ wosh e i c o , ecjD, eiat-, pi. e o o Y m.f. donkey e i B , e i e i B , pi. e i e B H m. hoof claw, sting, toenail e i B e , O B e t be thirsty; m. thirst e i e B T [ e i B T e , ^ e i F r e ] m.east eix\,'\x\ [ e i € A ] t mirror eioYA m.f. deer e i o M m. wine vat e i M e [ R M € , iMe ] know, understand; [m. knowledge] M N T i t T e i M e f. ignorance

10

eiNe

[ i N e ] , N - , NT*^ [eNi=^] bring cany imper. i N e i N e , xui^ [eNi^ ] e i N € [iN€ ] (uMMO^) resemble, be like; m. likeness, image e i N e m. chain e i o n e , e i e n - f. craft, trade, occupation e i e n c y c j u T engage in business, trade; m. merchandise eioop m. irrigation carml X\oo\> ferry, jord a^TJicioop inaccessible e i e p o , l e p o , pi. l e p c o o y m. river, Nile ( - o ) € i p e , p - [ep-],3LA.^ [ 3 L ^ , e e * ^ , e e T ^ ] , o t [ o e i t , e t ] make, do, perform, become, produce, spend(time), be^ imper. j L p i p e , i p i - [ e p i - ] , A p i ^ p - is used with many nouns to create compound verbs, cf. p N O B e etc. Ip- is used as an auxiliary with Gk. verbs] e i < j D p M , e i o p R t [ e i x p R t ] stare, gaze, be astonished, \grant, consent] eia)p2 see, perceive; m. sight eic eic^HHTe, eic^HHne behold!, indeed! [icDC, iHct hasten, hurry; m. speed] s\xT^ V. eix eye e i O D T , i c D T , pi. e i o r e [ e i a ^ r e ] m. father, pi. parents e i c D T m. barley eiN€

eiODTe

f. dew

m. ground, earth, dirt down oxMmTH m. bottom, below esxxy m. linen e i u ^ e , Xi^Tea^Txii)T^, xo^e^ [eio^ne] /fv.cpcone e i q r m. nail v. coqr € i c D 2 € : , e i e ^ , pi. B\xzoy m. field eiTR, ITR

eniTN

c r e i c D ^ e , crco^e

[ocpet ]

hang suspend, depend, crucify

f. acre

K

called Ka^nnA.

transliterated k

K

as number twenty

K K K-K

sometimes interchanges with 6 sometimes replaces Gk. y personal pronoun 2nd person sing. masc. you suffix pronoun 2nd person sing. masc. you

K € , 6 e , pi. K o o y e KB - [6e -] RKGCon Keoy^

[Ka^ye ], K e K O o y e [ K € K ^ y e , K e K e y e ] m.f. another,

other,

even

again [KGye]

another

n K e - (with def. art.) may mean abo, even K € T , f. K € T €

another,

K o y I [ K o y e i ], K o y -

other

m.f. young person, little one

other

KRre

small, few yet a little while K o y i little by little

KoyT NKeKoy'i KoyT

^e'],K\x^ [ K O O ^ ] , K H t [ K 3 . A T t ] place, put, set, permit, abandon, lie\ be^ KOD € B O X forgive, release, dismiss Kco N C A , R c c u = ^ leave behind, renounce Ka> R T f 4 - , N T O O T ^ cntrust to K H e 2 p AV be laid down, exist [KX xc f. foundation] KCOB, KF-, K O B ^ , KHBt be double, fold; m. reft/m, repetition c y R T K c o B threefold (q)OHnT) K i B € V. e K i B e ^reosr K o x j D B e , KODCDqe, K e e B e Keqe KAAB€ KOOBE^ compel, force, seize K B A m. compulsion K B O , KB A , K B e KHBt (yc cool, cool; m. coolness KB A. m. revenge K C O K , KeK KOK^ ,KXK^, KXXK^, KHKt [K AKt ] peel. Strip, divCSt KcuK A 2 H y , K a ) K e ^ H y strip naked also w r i t t e n K a > , K A A ^ K A ^ n y KAKe [KeKe,K€Kei] m. darkness KexeBiN m. axe, pickaxe K A A € x e , K e x e e x e f. board, stick Kxxe f. bolt, knee, joint KexeNKe^ m. elbow KexcjDx m. pitcher, bucket Kxooxe i. cloud [ K c o x e M hurry] KXOM [ K X A M ] , p l . K x o o M m. crown, wrcuth K c u x n steal, rob Kxv|/ in t K X \ | / hit, punch KXAqr f. hood, cowl Kco X 2 , KO X 2 strike, knock KAXA^H f. womb K c u x ^ x , 6 C U X J C , K x a - , K o x j c ^ , K o x . k : t , 6 o x j c t bend Kx^xe f. comer, angle KIM [KeiM], K e M T - , KeMT=** move, be moved; m. motion ATKiM unshakable, immovable, unwavering KRTO m. earthquake K M O M , KHMt become black, be blacks KAMe mi. black thing or person, black K H M e Egypt TMRTpRRKHMe the Coptic language KMHMe n. darkness KCDMcy, KRq^ -, KOMcy^ sneer, mock; m. mockery KoyN''^, K o y o y , K o y N T ^ n. bosom of lap of genitals of K R N e be fat, sweet; m. fatness, sweetness KCDNc, K e N C K O N C ^ , K O N C t picrce, slay KRre m.fig KCJD [ K c u e ] , K i -

11

12

KXU

Kxn

m. receptacle, vessel hide KHne f. vault, roof, cellar [KHne]v. 6Hne cloud Koynp m. henna, flower Koyp n. deaf person, hearing impaired person K p o , pi. K p o D o y m. shore, bank, farther side K<x>n,KHnt

KApcD^,KA.pAeiTt

be silent v.\>o

cut down, be cut down m.fire KpRpR murmur; m. muttering, complaint K p o M p R , KpRpcoMt be dark KpRrc m. smoke, mist, darkness KpMec m.f. ash, dust Kpoyp m.frog KCDpq^ ( e - ) beg, request, persuade; m. persuasion Kpoq m. deceitfulness, cunning, falsehood, cheater K A C , K e e c , K H C , pl.KAAC m.bone KCJDCDC, K o o c ^ , K H C ^ prepare for burial, bury; m. corpse, burial KAice f. burial, shroud K xc K C whisper; m. gossip K O C K C , K e c K C o c ^ ( e B O A ) bend, stretch out 2oyp m. ring KCT, K e r e v . K e another KCJDT, K e T -, K O T * ^ , K H T t buHd, edify, build up; m. building, edification [ K C O T ] V . K C D ^ T fire KCJDCJDpe, K e e p s - , K o o p e ' ^ KpcoM

KXTo Kixe

f. boat

[pi.

eKei A t

]

f.

didrachm, silver coin

turn, go around, wander, seek surround, seek K C D T e R M O ^ , K O T = * ^ turn oneself return, repeat, resume K a > T e H c A - , N C < J D ^ seek, look for KCJDTe m. circuit, surroundings RnKCDTe around K O T m. turn, visit K O T , K A T m. wheel, basket KOTC f. crookedness, trick K T O V. [ T K A T O ] turn K C J L ) T q , K e T q - , K O T q ^ , [ K A T q * ^ ] K O T q t gather Kooy m. length of time K A C 9 m. reed, pen Kxz rti. earth, soil, land K o e i 2 , K A T 2 [ K A e i ^ e ] m.sheath, cover Kooz, KCJD2 n i . comer, point, piece K<joz, K H ^ t (e - ) envy, be jealous; m. envy KCD2, K e ^ KA^'^, KH^t make level, smooth, tame KCDTe, K e r KcoTe

KOT^

[K A T ^ , K C O T ] , K H T t

e -

KoiA^K, xoiA^K

name of 4th Egyptian month

KA2K2,Ke2Kcu2^,Ke2KCD2t KCJD^T

[KCJDT]

m.fire

cuTve

out, smooth

13

M>

A

called A A Y A A

transliterated /

A as number thirty [ A - can stand for N-] \x m. enxy, slander e i A A slander (z^oye) A O [ACO, A O T ^ ] , imper. AAO=^ stop, quit, be healed A i B G , A e s T ^ , A o s e t [ A x s e t ] be mad; m. madness ACDBU^, A O B c p t be hot, glow; m. heat ACDBO) m. crown Aco K, A HK t be soft, frcsh XXKR t piece ACDKC bite, stick A K c y x sneer v. C U A K A e A O Y [ A I A O Y ] m.t child, boy, girl AOY^Ai m. shout AAHB m. ridicule A C D c o M e , ACJDCDM, A O O M e t , A A A M e t , A A A M t wither, fade, be dirty^; m. dirt A c u M c , A O M c t be dirty, foul, stink xxc [xec] m, tongue, language AODODC be bruised, crushed xxxy, xxxye, xxye n. anyone, something (with positive), no one, nothing (with negative) AOOY, AAY m. curl, fringe, bunch xxyo m.f. sail AO q A q , A e q AO q T t rot, perish, destroy AeqAiqe t scrap, crumb xo\ze [ A A e i e e ] m.t mud, filth A^cDB m. steam, smoke A x e x e e [ A e e x e . A ^ e X ] m. height, pride A2HM,eA2HM roar [ A A ^ M e N ] V. ^ p M A N pomegranate xoxxx,xo6xex,xejcAODXt be ill, sick; [xxxxex]m. sickness ACD a 2 » A e 2 A O jc 2 =^, A O Jc 2 ^ cmj/i, crushed, erase, lick, be difficult^; m. oppression xo6,xx6 i n p A o 6 be impudent, persistent [xx6e,xx6^ cease, recover, cure] xo\6e [xxe\6e] t cause, excuse

M

called MH transhterated m M as number forty M-forKi- before [B], M, n, v)/, (()

14 MX

MX

m. place

from here, away to this place, here euMX R- in place of, instead of eyMx together ( e - o y ) [(e)RNe€iMA here] MX-,MH€i^, M A f imper. of f and t-causative vbs. [MAeiH f. size, importance, age, stature] €BOA

ZMussMX

enei'MA

Me

[Meeie, M^eie], Mepe-

[Mppe-], M e p i T ^

[Mppir*^],

p.c.

MX\-

love, like;

m. love [Mppe-f] beloved ttruth, justice N A M e [MAMHe,MA.Mie] truly, really M e ^ [ M A ^ ] , M e p e - [ M x p e - ] conjugation base negative habitual MH f. urine MH M M O o y t urine MH o e i K [ M A M O Y N o e i K ] {.feces Mio^ be well, thanks, hail!, hello! MO, pi. M M H e i T R take! M o y , M o o y T t [MxyTt, M A o y x t ] die, be dead^; m. death N A M o y is dying ( N A future auxihary) Moye f. island MoyI, Moyei m.f lion MxxB,{.Mxx%e,MXBthirty M O K M e K [MA.KMeK],MeKMoyK*^ [ M o y K M o y K ^ ] ponder, meditate, consider; m. thought MXKZ m. neck MoyK2, MeK2MOK2^ afflict, oppress MKA2> '^» ] n. mute, speechless person R n p - [MN-], RncjDp negative imper. do not R n p T p e ^ [ M N T p e ^ ] negative causative imper. R n A x e ^ , R n A x e - conjugation base not yet eMHAxe^ (with circumstantial) before (the spellings of R n Axe=^ and e M n A x e = ^ are often confused.) Rna^A be worthy, deserve; m. worth, fate pRno^A become worthy, be worthy [ R n c p A very much] M o y p , M o p ^ [MAp^ ], MHpt, p.c. M A p -, Mep - bind, tie, be tied^, be a prisoner^ M p p e f. chain, bond, fetter M A p e ^ , M A p e - causative imperative let absolute M A p o N let's go M e p e - [Mppe-],Mepix==* [ M p p i x ^ ] v . M e love M e p e - [MApe -] v. M e ^ conj. base neg. habitual Meepe f. noon, midday RpcjD f. harbor Rpic m. new wine M e p i x , pi. M e p A x e beloved v. Me love Mopx f. beard M e p e ^ [ B e p H ^ ] va. spear Moyc m. strap, thong M i c e , M e c -, M A C X = ^ , M e c x ^ , M o c e t , p.c. M A C - give birth, bear; m. child, generation o ^ p n M i c e , c i ^ A M i c e m.firstbom child MNTpe, pl.MNTpeey pMNTpe

Mice

16

m, birthday yow«g ( a n i m a l ) MAce m. calf, kid, young animal MHce f. usury, interest M H C o p H n a m e o f 12th Egyptian m o n t h MecicjD f. midwife, nurse 200Y RMice,20Y'^'^^ MAC

m.

( b i r t h of

[ M A C T e ] , M e c T e - , M C C T O * ^ , P.C.MACT-

Mocre

M e c x e , f. M e c T H MeceHT, MecTR^HT M H T , f. M H T e , MRT -

n. f.

Ra) hate;

m.

hatred

hated person chest, breast

ten

m. road, path lead, guide JCAyMoeiT m. leader, guide (jci) MoyT m. sinew, nerve MOTe m. neck, shoulders MoeiT

[MACIT]

JCiMoeiT (^HT*^)

reach, attain, meet, enjoy approve, consent; assent M A T e [ M C T e ] in C M A T e , M M A T e very much, really MATe inMMATe,eMATe only, merely M A T O i [ M A T A C I ] m. soldier MRTMATOY f. army, campaign M H T e f. midst, middle M o y T € ( e - ) call, summon, invoke; m. incantation M T O m. presence M n M T O e B O A R - before, in front of M T a > f. depth MTON [RTAN], MOTRt be at rest, easy\ restful^; m. rest, ease, relief repose R T O N RMO*' rest oneself ^ / e ( r e f l e x i v e ) MOTNec f. ease, satisfaction MoyTR, M B T N M O T N ^ rest, set, agree MAToy f. poison M A y i n R M A y [ R M e y ] there MATe

[ M e r e , M e e r e ] , M A T c o o y M^'T^^^OY^

fMATe

( o f t e n f o l l o w s o y N T A ^ a n d M R T A ^ a n d is u n t r a n s l a t e d )

that to that place, there M A A y , M A y [ M e e y ] (.mother M o o y [ M A y , M A o y ], M o y -, pi. M o y e i H , M e ^ M o o y draw water ( M o y 2 ) M o y M e f. spring, fountain M A y A A ^ , M A y A A T ^ ulone V . o y c D T eTRMAy

CM Ay

Meeye, Meye

Moyeiooye

[ M e o y e , M e y o y e ] (e-)

remember tMeeye suggest, hint, remind MOoyTt be dead^ v. M o y pHMceye

R-

MoyoyT, M o y T M e y T M O o y T ^

balance M e a ^ e , M e c p A ^ does not know M e a ^ e NIM so-and-so M e q ^ A K [ M e u ^ e K e ] perhaps MAO^e

f.

kill

m.

think, believe;

water

m.

thought, mind

17

N-

m . multitude, crowd R- many M i c p e fight, attack; m. fight, struggle, battle M o o c y e [MAA2€^, M x ^ e ] walk, go, travel, wander; MHHcye

[MHu^e ]

MHHcye

Mcyip

m. journey

n a m e o f 6th E g y p t i a n m o n t h

Moyq^T, M€U^T

test, examine, reflect, consider environs, district inappropriate, not fitting ( n e g . of c y c i ^ e )

MOu^T^

MOpe,nepe-

[nfpe-,np-],noop*^

nepepACoy npcu

fonh

m. east dream

dream a dream

f. winter

nopK inMAcnopK

wagon

noDpK, npK

nopjc^

nApMoyxe

name of 8th Egyptian month name of 7th Egyptian month

nApeM^OTn

be plucked,

na>pu^,npcp-, nopcy^

destroyed, uproot,

[nApe=^], n o p c y t

pluck

[nxpci^t]

spread, stretch, be

spread

npHC9 m. something spread: mat, mattress, bedding, cloak nopac^ \nx\>x^],r^o\>x^ [n^p^xt] divide, separate;

ncDpacnpjc-, m. division

n i c e , n e c -, n A C T ^ , n o c e t \ | / i c , v|/iT

\|/Txioy,v|/AiT[nex]

uxT

be cooked, melted, boil, bake,

[ n c e i T ] , f. v | / i T e , - \ j / i T e [ncTC-]

ninety

tknee

n e x - substantivized relative v. e x noDX, nHXt

or in cleft sentence v. n e

run, flee, go, be running^; m. flight

ncjDX e B O X

^ H X * ^ N - run away from

n c D X JiCX',uc^

nixe

melt

nine

pursue,

persecute

f. bow

na>xc,noxct nAxce

nooy

divide, split

f. board

today v. ^ o o y

[n^ype

grow; m. growth]

nAC9 [ n A c ^ c q ]

m.trap

ncDO), n c u c p e , n e c ^ n o c y ^

[nxcy^ ], n H u ^ t

divided, divide, share,

be splits; m. division Tjxa)€

f. half

ncDcpR, noq^N**, n o c p R t noDcyc, noq^c^, nocpct TMX>Z,^xZ',nA2^»l^^^Z^

ncD2, T i e ^ - , nH2^ n^N nA^pe

m. ^emce

serve, ordain;

name of 9th Egyptian month

nAcpoNc

be amazed,

deranged, amaze; m.

amazement

breaks burst, tear

reac/i, o^aZ/t,

succeed, ripen,

befit{l)

as vb. aux. succeed in, when once m. drug, remedy,

pnx^pe, f n A ^ p e MNxpeqpnA^pe ncu^c, ne^c-,

medicine use or ^ve drugs, treat, cure

f. sorcery

n^^c^,

no^ct

n c D ^ T , n e ^ T -, n A ^ X ^ , n A ^ T t

bite;

m.

bite

bend oneself fall, kneel, lie prostrate

also means pour, flow noD^T nx^oy

eBOX

pour forth,

m. rear, behind,

enx^oy ^inx^oy

R-,RMO^

shed

backside behind,

backward

R M O ^ behind, after

n e j c e - , nejcA^ [nxjce^] said (subj. as suffix) used in introducing

break,

24

nejcequotations nejcAq

nacu

xe

he said, " . . . "

m. poison

Uix>x6, n o j c T t ux6ce

beat flat; m. flat part, breadth

f. saliva

Hexnx6ce

spit

(Noyxe)

r called pa> transliterated r p

as number one hundred can stand for R - ]

p - V. e i p e

px

m. 5^a/e, condition Alexandria pATcode m.;o/m ( T a > 6 e ) ^ A n p A N - as to, about, concerning p A p e - m. part, ft-action p e M H T one tenth pH m. sun pi f. room, monk's cell p o , p A poD^, pi. p c D o y m. mouth, door e p R - , e p o D ^ to, upon, at KX[>a>^,KX\>xe\T^ be silent (kco) K A p a > q m. silence 2 A p R - , 2 A p c U ' ^ beneath, before 2 i p R - , z^?^^ ^y upon pcD indeed, even, but, at all pBe enclosure v. <x>pB pAKOTe

[pAKT^],poKet,pak.Ket,pAKTet bend, turn, incline; m. inclination p A K T c f. direction, perversion peKpiKe f. nodding with drowsiness p A KO r e Alexandria v. p A p c D K ^ , p o K 2 ^ , ?XKZ^, p o K ^ ^ bum', m. fire piMe cry, weep; m. weeping p R e i H [ p R M e i H ] , pi. p R e i o o y e f./ear pODMe, p R - m.f. person, one, human being pRR- person of one from p e q - [ p R e q - , p c o M e q - , p R M e q - , f. p e c - ] one who, thing which, -er p R M A O , [pi. p R M A AC I ] m.f. rich person, rich ( - o ) M R r p R M A o f. riches, wealth poMne [pAMne],pRne-, pl.pRnooye f.year TRpoMne, rppoMne each year, annually p R e e , f. p R e H , pi. p R ^ e e y e m. ^ee person MRrpRee {.freedom PAN [ p e N ] , p e N - , p R T ^ , p i N ^ [ p R ^ ] m.name •fpcN^ call piKe,peKT-,peK-,peKT^

p^ere

25

p n - v . H p n wine pne

[epne,pneei], pl.pnnye

pip

m. temple

m.pig

p p o , e p o , f. ppcu, epcu, pL ppoDoy p p ^ e i ] m. king, caesar, emperor,

t queen f. kingdom, reign

MfJrpp o , M R T e p o pppo

reign

PpHT V. e p H T

vow

pHc

m. south M A p H C m. Upper Egypt p o e i c [ p ^ e i c ] , p H c t be awake, watch', m. guard p c o ) , pi. p c o o y e f. animal pen p AC T e m. tomorrow, the following day p A c o y [ p e c o y e ] t dream p A T ^ [ p c T ^ ] m. foot of (only in compounds, cf. o y e p H T e ) RpAT^

^ace

ATRpAT*^ 6RpAT^ epAT^

(eiNe)

untraceable, inscrutable search

[Aper^]

to

beneath ^ i p A T ^ toward p c D T , p e r p H T t , p.c. p A T - grow, sprout, bring forth pAire f. relatives, family [ p H T e m. manner R n i p H T e thus R n p H T e R - like, in the marmer of\ p A y n f. neighborhood pooye m. stubble, straw pooyNe m. virgin p o o y r t V. o y p o T be glad p o o y u ^ [ p A o y u ^ ] m, care, concern, anxiety p p o o y u ^ be anxious q i p o o y c p be concerned, care pAcy in pRpAC9 m.f. mild, gentle person M R T p Rp Acp f. gentleness p A U ^ e I p e a ^ e ] rejoice', m. joy p A O ^ e R - , R M O ^ rejoice at, in p c D c y e , p e a > T -, p A O ^ T * * suffice, be responsible, content', m. enough, plenty pcycjDN m. cloak, covering p A q ^ p e a ) , p e a ^ p e c 9 t flourish 2ApAT^

peq -

one who v. pcoMC

m. evening n. evening p a ) ^ e , p A ^ e t wash p c D , pe pA ^, p A t Strike, be struck^, hit, throw pA^re, po^Te f. kettle, cauldron poy^e

^ipoy^e

26

called CHMMA

c

transliterated s

C as number two hundred c - personal pronoun 3rd person sing. fem. she, it - c suffix pronoun 3rd person sing. fem. her, it cx m. side, part, direction R c A - [ce-],nca>^ behind, after, at N c i R c a> ^ except HcxBHX

€-

[cxBXxe^]

exccpt

except, unless M N R C A -, MFIRCCU*^ temporal after M R R c A T p e - after M R R C C O C afterwards cx be beautifixl; [ c ^ e i e ] m. beauty cxs\e, m. beautiftil person, beautiftil cx N - m. person of, dealer, seller c e yes ce sbcty v . c o o y c e - personal pronoun 3rd person pi. they - c e , - c o y suffix pronoun 3rd person pi. them c e i , C I , C H y t be filled, satisfied; m. satiety, overindulgence M N T A T C i L greed CO in f c o spare, refrain; m. hindrance NCABHx

jce-

c o , c o e v . c o o y

six

m.f. beam of wood oye^coY f. roof rafters ( o y c o ^ ) CCD, c e -, c o o * ^ , p.c. cxy - dtink; m. drinking, drink caxjDq pi. drinking cxBc, f. C A S H , pi. c A s e e y m. wise person CBO learn v . T C A B O C B o y Y m. disciple, pupil CBCJD, pi. C B O o y e [ c B o y ] t doctrine, teaching t c B C J D teach, c f . r c A B o jciCBOD learn CHBe, CHqe f. reed,flute,shin bone ccoBe laugh, mock; m. laughter, object of ridicule c c u B e R e x - laugh at, make fun of c f Be, CFBC C F B H T ^ , c B B H y t, c F B H y T t circumcise, be circumcised; m. circumcision MRTATC^BC f. uncircumcision C B O K , c o B K t [ c x B K t , c x B e K t ] bccome small, few; m. smallness, few CIBT f. hill c o B T [ C X B T ] m, wall, fence c o B T e [ c x B T e ], c o q x e , c F r e CFTO^T^ , CBTcoTt prepare, be ready^; m. equipment, preparation C 0 D B 2 , C O B 2 c o B ^ ^ , c o B ^ ^ havc leprosy, be a leper^; m. leprosy c c o K , c e K -, c o K * ^ [cxK^ ], c H K t druw, pull, gather, be drawn, also means flow, glide coY

[coei]

cuxy

27

2 H T ^ lead cxKT^, c o K e t grind, pound c K AT, C e K C O K plow C K o p K p , C K p K p - roll, be rolled; m . rolling C O A m . wick c c D X , C H A t corrupt e c uA n , C A n - , c o A n ^ , c o A n t break, burst, be broken, cut off c A o n A e n [ c A A n A n ] tear apart C O A c X , c X c A - , c X c c j L > A ^ comfort; m . consolation c\xxT€ [ c A A T e , C A O O T c ] stumblc, slip; m. stumbling c X ^ o i n M o y F r c A ^ o lukewarm water cix>\6 [ c c u A e o c ] smear, obliterate c\o6\6, cAe6Acu6t be smooth, make smooth ciM m . grass, hay c c u M , c o M ^ , c H M t pound, press CMH f. voice J t i C M H listen c M o y , C M AM A A T t blcss, pruise, be blessed^; m . blessing, praise C M M C appeal; m . petition C R M C e - accuse ANcRMe n. ordinance fANcRMC command C M I N C [ C R N C ], C M R - , C M R T ^ , C M O N T t [ c M A N T t ] be established, be correct^, establish, set in order, lay, compose; m. confirmation [ c o M C look] c c j D M T , ccJDMNT, C O M T ^ , c o M T t strctch. Strain, wait C M O T [ C M A T ] m, form, pattern, manner R K C C M O T otherwise o R C M O T belike cMxz m , bunch C A C i N [ c e e i N , c o e i N ] m. physician C O N [ C A N ] , p l . C N H y [ c N H o y ] m. brother ccoNe f. sister CHNe f. granary c i N C , cR-, c A A T ^ pass by, pass through, across cooNC m . robber c c D N K suck c N A e i N jump around, wander about cRcR resound ca>K

ciKe,

ccuNT,C0DCONT

[ c A A N T ^ ] , C R T - , C O N T * ^ [cAANT=^], c o N x t

create; m . creation, creature o^ACODNT first creation CRT€ t foundation ccuNT m . custom CONTC m . resin m,two both together M C ^ C N A y second (Moyz) MRTCNOoyc twelve (MHT)

CNAy

[cNey], f . c R r e , - c N O o y c

R n e c N A y , f. R T C R T S

be Created,

28

cxxuii) [cANea^,C0NC9],cxuoY(^^,cxuxq^T^

cxxHU) cNoq

nourish, rear, wellfed^

m. blood n. last year

[cNxq]

cN o y q

ca)N2,coN^'^

[cAN^^], coN^t

[cAN^^

bind, be bound m. bond, fetter

[CNA^], p l . C N O o y ^ [cNAoy^]

CHxyz

cn-,cen-

Lyear

m. occasion, time one time ^ l o y c o n together c e n c NA y twice ( c e n - is u s e d w i t h two) M n n e ^ c e n c N A y for a second time R c 9 M N T c a > ( j D n three times ( c c o c u n is u s e d w i t h t h r e e ) R K c c o n again c ( j L > n , c n - , c o n ' ^ dip, soak c e e n e [ c e n e i ] remain; m, remainder, rest AyoD n K e c e e n e and so forth, et cetera cnip m . rib, side con

[cAn],cn-,cen-,ccun,ca>a>n

oycon

concn

[ c A n c n ] , c n c n - , cnccDn^^cenccunt

[cAnc], cnc-, c e n c -

ask,

beg,

often abbreviated c o n e

comfort; m . petition, encouragement

lips, shore m . milk, butter, leaven c c u p , c p c o p = ^ , CHpt spread, distribute; m . distribution c o y p e , c e p c p - f thorn, needle c c D p M [ c c o p M c ] , c e p M - , c o p M ^ , c o p R t [ c A p R t ] getlost. Stray, err, Icod cnoToy

m.

c i p , c ACip, c ACipe

astray; m . error

glean, gather wool c p q e , c p o q r t [ c p A B T t ] be at leisure, unoccupied c p o q p q fall, wither cpqpiqe p i . crumbs [cpA2,cTpA^ n.example p c p A ^ set as an example, put to shame] C A T m . tail C A A T = ^ v . c i N e pass by c i T m. basilisk coeiT m. fame, report ccjDT [ c c u T c ] , coT'^^ ( c - ) rctum, repeat, a l s o m e a n s , CATC [ c e r e ] i.fire cpiT, cpAT^ copr

mi.

CITe,CAT^,CeT^,CHTt coT€ COTS

[CATCt]

[cATc], p l . c o o r e

[ecoTc]

ccjDTe, C C T

reach

thrOW, SOW

mi. arrow

n. measure redeem, rescue, save;

coT^,cAT^

^rre/c/i,

[CCJDT ] m .

ransom,

redemption peqccjore

m.

redeemer

bringbuck c T 0 1 " , c - m . smell,fragrantplant c f N o y q e [ c f N o y B c ] m. perfume, incense cfBcuoDN m . stench CCDTR, C C T R c o T M ^ [ c A T M ^ ] ( c -) hear, listen to; m. hearing CTO,cT€-,CTO^ v.TCTo

29

CAq

CCJDTR R CCUTR

obey

obey disobedient obedient (CSTRZ^'^)

RcA-,Nca>^

ATCCDTR

CTRHT ca>Tn,C€Tn-, coTn=^,coTnt

[ c A T n t , c A . T n e t ] choose, be chosen^, chosen, elect p e r s o n o r thing c c o T p , c o T p t be turned, twisted CATeepe i.stater, coin {aTQLTf\p) CTCJDT tremble; m. trembling c a > T q , c e T q - , c o T q * ' , c o T q t be pure, clear, purify; m. purity C T e i c D ^ e , c T c u ^ e acre v. e\<x>ze CHY [CHOY],COYm, time, season NC O Y A , N c o Y O Y A on the first day c i o Y , c o Y - m.star

better^;

COOY

m.

[CAY], f . c o , c o e , c e Y - , - A c e

six

ce sixty coyo m. wheat, grain coyexoyiDx^, c o y w r a p up cooYN

[ c o o Y N C , CAYNc], COYN-,

p - (ot N - ) A T C O O Y N

coYCOY

price, value of eunuch m . moment, second

COOYTR

[CAYTR], COYTN

coYNT^ ciOYP

coy<x>H-, coY<x>N^

know;

m.

knowledge

be ignorant

m. m.

COYTCJDN^ , coYTouNt

be straight, upright, set

straight, stretch; m. uprightness c a > O Y e , c e Y e - , c o o Y e ^ [CA^*^], cooYe^ [ c A Y e N c o ^ o Y M

be gathered,

gather, collect, be assembled^ cix>oyz ezoyu gather together cooY2 [ c A C i c ^ ] m, pair, couple, [mate] cojo), c e c y - , o^ec coa^** strike, hit c A C 9 , pi. c H u ^ e , c a > u^c C 9 € - m.f. stroke, blow, sore, wound ccua^,c9Cuc,coa^'^ [ c A c y ^ ] , c y o c ^ , C H c y t ^ c y n c t despise, insult, be humbled; m. shame, contempt ccuo^q, c o c p q t

m e a n s the s a m e

be suitable be bitter; m. bitterness, gall ccjDcye t field, country c o D c y R , c y c o c R , c o u ^ R t , c p o c R t be faint, disheartened ca>c9R e - annoy C A U ^ T t V. c c u ^ e weave c < J L > u ^ T , c e q ^ T - , c o c 9 T ^ [c9eq^T**],coc9Tt,cAcyTt stop, obstruct, keep from C 9 0 C 9 T [ < 9 A C 9 T ] m.key C A o ^ q [ c o q ^ q , c o c 9 q e ] , f . C A O ^ q e , - C A c y q e seven M € ^c AC9 q seventh q>qe,c9Be seventy c A q , R c A q m. yesterday V. q ^ c y e c i q ^ e , c Au^e t

cq^e

30

CCDCOq

[ c c j L > q ] , c e e q - , c e e B e - , c o o q = ^ , c o o B ^ , c o o q t be defiled, defile, dirty, pollute; m. pollution, abomination C H q e , C H B C f. sword, knife c o q T c V. c o B T e prepare; m. equipment c i ^ e , c e ^ c x z T ^ , ce^y^ be removed, move, withdraw coDcoq

coo2e,coee,CA^e-,CA^co^

[cez ^ [ceecjD^] set upright {cms. oi<x>Z'^) c o o ^ e , c o ^ e , [ca>^€ ] reprimand, scold; m. disapproval c c D ^ e , C A ^ T - , C A ^ T ^ , C A ^ T t , c A c i ^ T t wcave ^Z^'

[c^eei],c^Ai-,ce^^,CA2^,C^ATC^,CA^T^,ce^T^^

[C^HT^],CH^t

] vvnVe, ^e written^, scripture^; [pi. c ^ e e i ] m. writing, letter cxz m.f. teacher, master c^BHHT€,CBHHTe,^BHTe m.foum c ^ i M C , pi. ^ l O M c [ ^ l A M c , c ^ i o M c ] f. womun, female JCic^iMC marry [ M R T C ^ I M B i. femaleness, womanliness, womankind] C A ^ N c provide, supply; m. provision o y e ^ C A ^ N G [ o y A ^ c i ^ N e ] command, place an order c<JD2n,ce2n-,cAen^ suck, drink [c^HoyTt

ca:>2P,ce^p-,CA^p^,cx^pt

wee/?

cA^oy, c A ^ o y e [coy2a>p], c ^ o y p c ^ o y c o p ^ , c ^ o y o p T t [ceo jce ] V. a>a).X€ wrestle [ c A J C N e ] V. u ^ o j c N e fa/:e counsel [ccojkin ] V. cpcojcn remain over C H 6 t foal, colt c o 6 [ c e 6 e ] m. fool, foolish, silly c c o 6 , c e 6 - , co6=^,CH6t be paralyzed C O 6 N m. ointment C6HP m. voyage c 6 p A ^ T t , c 6 p e ^ T t re^rt, paused; m. ^/ef, tranquility

curse; m. cwr^e

T

called T A y

transliterated r

T as number r/iree hundred T sometimes replaces A , K and 6 T r e - def. article sing. fem. the v. n - T suffix pronoun 1st person sing, after consonants me v. -i T A -, T e ^ possessive that which belongs to, ofy.nx- and n e ^ TX' (for N T A - ) conjunctive 1st person sing. T i l here T A i , r e i - this sing. fem. v. nxi TAio,TAeie-,TACio^

[TAeiA^],TAeiHyt

[TAeiHoyrt^TACiAeiTt]

m. /rortor, g/^ r e - personal pronoun 2nd person sing. fem. you re copular pronoun f. she is, it is v. n e

honor;

TXKO

31

T H , T € m. time, season T H demonstrative pronoun f. that v. nn t - demonstrative article f. v. ni t - personal pronoun 1st person sing. / t,

[T€€^,TeeiT^],Tot,Ta>t

f-yTxx^

[Tet,Toet,Toeit,Toeiet,

Ta>eit], p.c. T A i - give; m. gift imper. M X , M H S I ^ , Hxf T H with dative N A ^ N C A - , R c c D * ^ pursue t Z^'j Z^^^^ clothe, put on, wear CTot it is fitting t e B O A sell t MR- fight with f o y B e - fight against f plus noun forms many compound verbs v. e o o y , [fn n. emanation] f e , t , - T H V. t o y five TO

m. /and,

pAN,

z^Y»

others

eoAt/z

] f. part, share covetous (Me love) T c u ^ possessive pronoun f. that which belongs to v. na>^ THHBe, THBe, T C B e m.finger,toe TcoBe name of 5th Egyptian month T C D c o B e , TCJDBe f. brick (hence adobe) TcocDBe, TOOB^, T o o B e t scul, stamp; m. seal TCJDcuBe, T O O B ^ repay; m. repayment T B A ten thousand, myriad TO

[TAeie

MATTO

R^oyo

Toe,

TBBO

[ T O y B O ] , TFBe-,TB"BO**

ToyBHoyTt, ToyBAeiTt ]

[ T O y BA^ ] , TBBHy t

[TOyBHyt,

cleanse, purify (caus. of

oyon);

m. purification, purity T F N H , pi. T ^ N O o y e m. farm animal: cow, donkey, etc. TBHp m. kick fsc m. heel T C D F C , T B C -, T O B C ^ goud, incitc, prod T B T , THBT m. fish T O B T B , T F T C O B ^ form, invent TCDB2, T B 2 T O B Z ^ P^ciy, osk; m. prayer T e K - , T o o K ^ V. T c u a > 6 e be pined TODK, T O K ^ , THKt be Strong, strengthen [TCJDK A p e T ^ establish, be firm] TCDK e ^ o y N persist TOJK R ^ H T show courage TCDK, T c u 6 , T O K = ^ , T A K ^ , T 0 6 * * hcut, kindle iNTCjDK, R T C U K m. oven, fimiace Ta>6 bake f K m. spark T A K o [ T e K o ] , T A K e - , T A K O ^ [TCKA^^}, TAKHyTt dcstroy, peHsh, be corrupt^; m. ruin MRTATTAKO f. incorruption, imperishability

32

TCUKM

Ta>KM,T€KM-, TOKM*',TAKMt

pluck, pull, drag

TCOKC, T e K C

be pierced, stuck, pierce, goad

T K A C , K AC

TOKC=^, T O K C t

m. pain

[TKATO, T K T O ]

K T O , [TKTe-]

K T C - , [TKTO*^, KOT^ ] KTO^, K T H

turn, return, go around, surround, be turned^ (caus. of KCJDTC T A A O [ T C X O ] , T A x e - , T A A O ^ , T A X H y t , T A A e t lift up, offcr up, go up, mount, be seated^; m. raising up, offering T A x o e ^ p A i raise T C U X K , T O X K ^ pluck out T C X H X [ t A X H x ] rejoice; m. joy TCDxR, TOXM*^, T O x R t be dirty, defile; m. stain, pollution KTACiTt

T X O M , T N O M , pi. T X O O M , T N O O M TXTX

VCl. furrOW

drip

Txfxe

f. drop

[TX6A=^],TAx6Hyt heal, cure; m. healing T R - negates infinitive, conjunctive, causative, conditional, and temporal conjugations T C J D M , T R - , T O M ^ , THMt shut, cloSC T R p o D ^ be silent TCDM N ^ H T m. hardness of heart T C U M , T H M t sharpen, be sharps T A M i o , T A M i e - , T A M i o ^ , T A M i H y t make, create; m. creation, creature T A M O , T A M C T A M O ^ [ T A M A ^ , T A M A C i T t ] tell, explain, inform (caus. of TAx6o

[TX6O],TAx6e-,TAx6o^

eiMc)

m.f. instructor] pi. T M e m. village, town pRRt^e n. villager, citizen T c u c o M C , T O M c t [ T A M c t ] join, bcfitting^;m. union T M A T O , T M A i e -, TMATO=^ , T M A i H y t justify, praise; m. justification TMH f. mat T R M O , T M C T M O ^ , T R M H y t feed, nourish (caus. of o y c u M ) T O U M C , T R C - , T O M C ^ , T O M c t bury T C U M T , T C U M R T ( e - ) meet, happen upon, encounter T R ^ O , T R ^ e T R ^ O ^ set on fire; m. burning T R - personal pronoun 1st person pi. we - T R suffix pronoun 2nd person pi. you T R - , T O O T ^ V. T c u p e hand TCUN [TO, T O N ] where?, from where?, how? eTCJUN to what place? RTCJUN where? € B o x TCJUN from where? TCUN in t'T'^^N fight, argue; m. argument, quarrel TcucDN V. T c u o y R arise TANO [TeNO,TeNe-],TANO^ make, producc T H N C m. dam, dike [peqTAMO

f M C , TiMC,

[THNe ] V. T H y T R TcuNoy,TONcu

ce

TcuNoy

you

pi.

vcry, greatfy yes indeed

)

33

Tpe^

T N O M V. T X O M TNNO

futTOW

[ T A N O ] , T R N O ^ , TNO'^, TNNHy^

eRo, TRNOOY TONTR

e f l o ^, e R HY ^

[TffNoeiTt]

pound, trample

crush

[ T N N A Y ], T N N e Y

TRNOOY*^

send (caus. of

[ T A N T R ] , TRTN-,TRTCJL>N^,TRT<JDNt

eiNe)

[TNTANTt]

belike,

compare, make a comparison; m. likeness reNoy, fNoy TNAy

TR2

now

v. o y N o y

when?v.uxY m. wing

T AN^o

[ T R ^ O ], T A N ^ o = ^

TAN^^oyTjTAN^oyT^

make alive, be alive (caus. of <X»N^ ) trust, bcUeve

[TR^oyT^],TAN^HyTt

TAn Ton

m. horn [ T A H ] m. edge, end, border, bosom T c o n stitch ^AMRTCJDn m. needle T c o n , TCJDcon, r e n T o n ^ , T H H t be accustomed, familiar; m. custom r n e m. upper part RTne above, over, up C A R x n e above prne surmount f n e f. loins T C D n e , T C D n - , T o n = ^ taste f n e f. taste j c i f n e taste TAoR m. cumin TAnpo f. mouth (literally and figuratively) T A P m. branch T H p ^ all, whole, every nTHpq all things, everything, creation, the universe [the All, the Entirety of divine attributes or beings] enTHpq

at

TApe*^,TApeTcupe, T o o T ^

all

conjugation base future conjunctive f. hand (only in compounds, cf. 6\x)

TOT-with T H y T R eipe

[THN€]

RATOOT-^jpAHATOOT^

Ka> R T O O T * ^

cndcavor, try ccasc, dcspuir

e B O A , K A T O O T ^ eBOA

help grasp the hand of c y n T c o p e , a ^ T c o p e guarantee forming prepositions: t

RTOOT^

cpenTOOT^

eTR-,

eTOOT^

to

in, by, with, beside, from, through, because of to Z A T R - , 2 A T o o T ^ with, beside, at ^ITR-, ^ I T O O T ^ through, by, from, by means of eBOA ^ITR-, eBOA ^iTOOT^ through, by, from, by means of T p A t joint T p e ^, T p e - causative infinitive, often translates as that actually a verb cause to do, itself taking a conjugation base or the coordinating e RTR-,RTOOT^

34

Tpe^

^Rnrpe^

while, as, when, by

Mx\>e^, Mxpe - q.v., causative imper. may, let TxpKo, TxpKe T x p K o ^ make to swear, adjure (caus. of <x>pK) rpcJDM

m. storm,

Ta>pn,Topn^

hurricane seize, rob, carry off; m.plunder

TCDpn, T o p n ^ , T o p n t rpip

sew, stitch

f. oven

Tppe

[Tfpie], Tpeicooy^

TCopT

be afraid,

frightened

m. staircase

Tcoprf TCJDpcp

m. step, degree

be red, blush

means the same rpocypecp, rpec^pcDcyt means the same Tpoc9, Topu^t

TCJDp2,Top2^ Toeic

be sober

f. rag, patch

T(JDC,T€C-, T o c ^ , T H c t Tcxeio

bc hard. Stiff, fix

[TCX€i<x>],TcxeiO'=^,Tcx!HY^

[TcxeixeiTt]

make

beautiful,

decorate Tcio, Tcio^, TciHyt Tco, Tco^ TCXBO

5a/is^

give to drink (caus. of COD )

[TCCBO], TCXSe-

TCXBHy t CBO

[TCCBG-], TCXBO^

(caus. of

teach, show

[ccBo], CBO)

teaching,

reducc,

diminish

instruction

learn

TcBKO, T c B K O ^ [TcBKX^ ], TcBKHy t TCXNO

[ T C C B X * ' , T C C B O ^ ],

) ; m.

CXBC

[TCCNO], TCA.NO^

[ T C C N X ^ ] , TCXNHyt

adom, dccorutc, sct in

order TcFiKO

breast-feed,

nurse

T C T O , T C T € - , TCTO^

[TCTX^],

[ c T X ^ ], c T H y t TCTO ToeiT

CBOA

mourn;

m.

Written CTO, C T C C T O ^ (caus. of C C D T )

dirge

hand

T O T ^ [ T X T ^ ], THTt

bc joincd, bc persuaded,

agree, mingle;

agreement

TCJDT N ^ H T satisfy, consent,

agree

TXXT€,TOOTe,T3iXTet,TOOTet TOTC

[T€T€]v.ooTe

Ta>T€

f. hem, fringe

( T T O ), T T €

T e

shine

womb

T T O ^ , To^

make give, require (caus. of f )

imper. MXT^ T C T N - personal pronoun 2nd person pi. THy, THoy, T o y south

^xTHoy

f. whirlwind,

toy,f.t€,t, TA.ioy

wind

-TH

stormwind

five

fifty

[ T x y ] , pi. T o y e i H

T o o y , T c y -, T o o y ^ TXoyo,TxaY(x>

you

m. wind

ToypHc

Tooy

alsO

turn out, reject, return m. lament,

T O O T ^ V . TCJDpe TCOT, T C T

TCTHy t

back, pay back, repeat, return

buy,

[Teoyo,

m. mountain,

monastic

community

purchase Tcyo], T^ye- [Tcye-], Txyo^

send,

produce.

35

eHN

proclaim, recite, name T o o y e m. sandal, sandals T o y o , T o y o ^ show, teach Toyeio

[Toyeie-]

repay, return; m. repayment

T o y c D ^ n. bosom of, breast of e T o y N e T o y c o ^ beside, at, with ^ i T o y N - , ^iToycD^

ner^iToyo)^ T c o o y R , TOJCJDN

beside, next

neighbor [ T C D o y N o y ], T o y N T C D o y N * ^ , TCUN*^

arise, raise;

m. resurrection TCDoyR

z^-

bear

T o y Noc, T o y Nec

T o y N O C ^ [ T o y N X C ^ ] wake, raise, set up (caus. of

oycoN) ToyNeiiT*^

instruct v . €\x

T o y c o T , [pi. T o y o T e ]

T O o y T e , T o y HTt THyTR

[THoyTR,

f. idol, shrine

be gathered, collected, gather T H N e ] pronoun 2nd person pi. you

Toyjco^Toyjce-jToyjco*'

[Toyjcai^],Toya:Hyt

[Toy.xoeiTt]

save,

heal, be saved, be safe^ (caus. of oy.xA.T) [ T C D c p e ], T e q ^ -, T O U ^ ^

TCDU^

[T^cy^ ], THcyt

limit, determine, decide, fix,

be fixed; m. ordinance, destiny TOO) m. border, limit, district, nome Teq^e

f. neighbor

- (caus. of

) in T x q ^ e o e i q ^ proclaim, preach increase (caus. of xigxi) T x q [ T H q ] m. saliva e e V. manner Txige

Txq^o, T^Lq^e

TCJD^

coq^

Txq^o^

m . chaff

TO^z > '^^Z -»T'^Z^»THZ^ disturbance

be mixed, be disturbed, mix, stir; m. mature,

[ T C ^ O ] , T X ^ e - , TJt^o^

Txzo

[Te2x^,Te^o^], Tx^nyt

set up, reach,

catch up, attain (caus. of c j D ^ e ) jcTTX^o*'' unattainable, incomprehensible Txzo

epxT^

establish

t ^ e , TjL^et [ T o ^ e t ] get drunk; m. drunkenness T ^ i o , e i o ^ cause to fall, bring down (caus. of ^ e ) T ^ o , e o become bad; m. badness Tzo e - be worse than 0XB m. leaven eFBio

[eFeio],eFBie-,eFBio^

[OBBIX^],eBBinyt,

[eBinyt,oBBixeiTt,

humiliate, be humble (caus. of ^ I B C ); m. humility eHBxic the Thebaid, the country around Thebes in Upper Egypt e x o , exo=^ make fly, drive away, scatter oeBiHoyTt ]

TOD^R

[ T C D ^ M C ], T e ^ M - , T X ^ M ^ , T x ^ R ^

knock, invite, call; m . invitation,

calling e M O warm (caus. of ^ M O M ) S R K O , BMKe

eHN

afflict, humiliate seat (caus. of ^ M O O C )

B R K O ^ , eRKHyt

eRco, eRco^, eRcoeiTt m . sulphur ( 9 € i o y )

re^Ne

36

T € 2 N € t forehead eRo crush v . T N N O T ^ N O ^ , e N H Y ^ approach, hire T ^ n o , e n o ^ [ r ^ n x * ^ ] c a w j e / o reach, escort, bring back (caus. of n c o ^ ) T^NO, eNO,T2^Ne-,

[epKo]

calm v,zfOK

T^pcyo, epcyo

/em)^

TCJD^c, T e ^ c T x ^ c ^ , T x ^ c t TX2T2,Te2Ta>2^,Te2T<x>2t

uTioint; m. anointing, ointment [ r e ^ T X ^ T T ] mix, confuse

^2yz

mixture] name of 1st Egyptian month (Thoth), beginning August 29 T X J C O [ T X J C < I > ] judge, condemn Txxio, xxio, xxB\o, [ j c x e i x ^ ] triumph (caus. of c p x rwe) T J c x i o e B O A display e o o y T

TXJcpOjTXJcpe-,Tx.xpo^,TxjcpHYt

[TXJcpxeiTt,TxacpHoyTt]

establish, strengthen, be solids; m, firmness, strength ^ N o y T X J K : p o certainly Ta>a>6e,Ta>6e,Te6-,TeK-, T o o 6 ^ , T o 6 ^ , T o o K ^ , T H 6 T

be joined, cling,

adhere, plant announce, publish joint (px) T6X\O , 6 x i o , T6x\e -, 6xre T6X\O^ , 6x\o^, disgrace, be disgraced 6xre m. ugliness, disgrace TCJL>6N, TX6N^ repel, thwart, push T a > 6 c , T o 6 c ^ , T o 6 c t bleach, dye Tx6ce f. sole of foot, footprint TE6TA>6t be pressed^ TCJL>A>6e e B O A

pxTcode

T6X\H\^

, 6XRHY t

condemn,

called ^e transliterated ou, u Y

as number four hundred

O Y is often treated as a consonant (Middle Egyptian w) O Y - indefinite article sing. 0, a/2 ( O Y A ) The o elides when preceded by the I perfect conj. base x- (xy-) The o elides when preceded by the preposition e - [x -] (e Y - [^Y - ] ) OY [ carry the news, announce oycjL> in f o y c o blossom, sprout; m. blossom, sprout jceoyco,jcioycD conceive oyxxBt be pure^ w.oyou o y s e - , oyBH^ opposite, toward, against oyBxcy, oyoBcyt become white, be white^ o y c D B c y white oycJDCJDxe, oycDxe, o y o o x e t be well off, flourish; m. prosperity, plenty oycoxc, o y e x c o y o x c ^ , o y o x c t bend, be bent o y c u x c R ^ H T be discouraged oyci>

oyco

oycjDM, o y o o M , o y R - , o y o M ^ , p.c. o y x M -

eat

6iNoycDM, JciNoycjDM, pi. 6iNoyooM m.f. food, meal oycjL> (CJL>)M€ , o y o o M ^ accommodate, restrain oneself oyMOT,oyoMTt thicken o y o M q [ o y o N e q ] m. manger o y R - existential predicate there is, are (neg. R M R - , q.v.) o y R - . . . R M O ^ have, has o y R - . . . ^icocD** have, has o y R o y o N € -, e p o ^ have something against, be indebted to N c y R - there was ( n e o y R - ) o y R r e -, o y R r ^ , o y R T x ^ have, has ( o y R - R r e - ) neg. ( R ) M R T e - , ( R ) M N T X ^ have not, has not o y R r e - . . . e - , e p o ^ be indebted to o y o e i N [ o y o e i N € , o y x e i N ] m. light poyoeiN shine oyoN [oyxN] someone, something oyoN NIM everyone oycjDN, o y HN [oyeN ], o y HNt open, be open imper. xoycDN,xycoN [xyoycoN], oyNoycDN, o y R - m. part followed by a number: o y a > N R C ^ O M R T a third pan o y e i N e pass by o y N X M [ o y N C M ] t right hand, right o y e e i c N i N [ o y x e i x N i N ] n, Ionian, Greek MRToyeeiGNiN f. Greek language o y N o y , pi. o y N o o y e f. hour RxeyNoy immediately ( o eliding)

oyNOY

38

reNoy, +Noy

now

nowoyojuq) m,wolf [ o y N x q ] rejoice; m. joy

TeNoy,tNoy oyNoq

o y o N ^ ^ [ o y X N ^ * * ] , o y o N ^ ^ [ o y X N ^ t ] ( e e o x ) show, reveal, be revealed, be manifest, appear; m. appearance, revelation o y o n , o y X X B t [oy x x q t ] be pure, innocent, pure^, holy^; m. purity neroyxxB m . saint o y H H B m . priest oynp how great?, how many?, how much? x o y Hp about how much? oypT m . rose o y p o T [ o y p x T ] , p o o y T t [ p x o y T t ] be glad, eager, ready, glaS, fresh^, flourishing; m. zeal o y e p H x e , o y p n r e [ o y p i r e ] f. foot, leg oypcpe f. watch, watchtower xNoypcye m . watchman o y c u p ^ , o y o p ^ , o y o p ^ ^ set free, open oyeice, oyxcr^ saw, chisel off o y o c T R , o y e c T C D N t broaden o y c D c q , o y e c q - o y o c q = ^ , o y o c q t [ o y x c q t ] be idle, leave barren, annul, neglect; m . idleness, laziness oycjDT, o y e r o y e r ^ ^ be raw, fresh, green o y o ( o ) T e m. greens, herbs oyoToyer, oyeToycurt be green o y c o T , f. o y c D T G single, alone, one, same oya>N^, o y c N ^

oyxx^,oyxxT*^,oyooT^

[oyxer^], (oyxT-

[ o y e r - ] with T H y r N )

alone, only, self alone, only, self between, among o y c D x e , o y o T ^ , o y o o r e t [ o y x x r t ] send, separate, be different^, in exiled o y CD T , o y e T it is different oyer . . . oyer . . . one is . . . another is . . . o y c D T B , o y e x B o y o T B ^ , o y o x B t [ o y X T f t , o y x T B e t ] change, pass, cross, transfer, pierce, surpass^, be superior^ Mxyxx*^, MxyxxT** ( M x y x r - w i t h T H y x R )

oy T e

oy A e

oy TCO^

oyxTBe, oyXTqe oycoTR, oyoTN^

oyTxz

f. hole

pour

m. fruit

oycoT2, cuT2, OT2 ^ oyoeia^

[oyxeicy]

pour, melt m, occasion, time

o y c D O ^ , oya>C9e, o y e c y

oyxcy^, oyocy^

desire, wish, want; m. desire,

love, will o y c j D c y m . gap, pause FToyecy [oyq^] R - without

night by night o y c D C D c y e consume oyci^H

f.

RTeyc^H

oycua^F, o y e c ^ B - , oyocyB** oycucpR, oyou^M^, oyoc^Rt oyq^xn

[oycyen]

mJoan

answer, reply, respond knead; m . dough

39 f enoYaw.se,fefdown oy^zcxz^^ command v. C J I ^ N B [oy 2e ] V. ^ o y miscarriage [oyi^e ], o y o ^ e t , p.c. oy^.^ioyx^iZ^T^^oY^^"^'^

be unsuccessful

cmd

o y o o ^ e f. scorpion oyco^e m. fisherman o y o D ^ M , o y e ^ M oyxz^^, o y o ^ R t m. ortwer, interpretation o y ^ o p , pi. o y ^ o o p

re/?eflr, answer, reply, translate;

m.f. dog

oyx^i [oyjceei,oyacA.eiTe],oyojc^ [ o y x j c ^ be whole, be safe, be healthy^, saved^; m. salvation o y o 6 e f. jaw, cheek oycD6n, o y e 6 n - , oyo6n=^ break, be broken oyco6c collect; m. collection o y o 6 o y e 6 , o y e 6 o y c u 6 ^ chew, crush

called 4>i transliterated ph

$

as number five hundred

for , sometimes the def. art. sing. masc. before words with initial z Gk. words with rough breathing

X

called XI

transliterated ch

^

as number six hundred

X

rare except in words of Gk, derivation

40

\|/

called v|/i

transliterated ps

v|; as number seven hundred vj/

for N C , otherwise only in words of G k . derivation

CJD

called ci> transliterated 6 CD as number eight hundred cu O! CDCO, CJD [ o y o y ], e e x t conceive, be pregnant^ c u B c y , SBO) OBiy^ [^Bcy ^ ], O S Q ^ t [^.Becyt ] forget, neglect, be forgotten, sleep; m. sleep pncjDBcy forget, be forgotten Bcye f. forgetfulness, oblivion, sleep CJDK ^ ^ H T ) be content; [m. pleasure] c J D K M , e K M - , O K R t [ x K R t ] bcgloomy, sod coA,OA-,OA^,HAt hold, contain,gather CJD A e ^ o y N bring in, harvest CJD A e^pxT withdraw, ascend CJDAK,AK-,OAK^,OAKt be bent, bent^, distorted^, bend oneself AKcpx turn up nose, sneer c u A R , O A M ^ , O A R t embrace CJDMK

[CJDMNK], e M K - , O M K ^

SWUlloW

bc sunk, sink, dip; m. baptism c u N € [ c j D C J D N e ] , E N E - mi. stone eneRMe precious jewel ( n e truth) CJDNCY, o N c p t be astonished, amazed, dumbfounded cjDNe,cjDNX2 [cJDCJDN^], O N ^ t ^ O N X ^ t [ x N ^ t ^ ^ ^ N ^ ^ Hvc, be uUve^; m. life con,€n-,on^ [xn^],Hnt count, calculate, consider, be counted"^, reckoned^, belong"^ H n e f number CJDpB, cJDpq, E P B o p B ^ , o p B t restrict, surround, enclose p B e i. enclosure, pen cJDpK, opK=^ swear, invoke; m. oath cjDpu^, o p c p t be cold cjDp J C , oycJDp , p.X o p . X ^ [ x p e JC^ ] be firm, secure, confirm, fasten, imprison; m. firmness, assurance cjDCK, o C K t delay, continue, spend time [cJDce] V. cjD^C reap CJDC6,CJD6C,oc6t anoint CDTN,ern-, OTn^ [xTn^],ornt shut, enclose, imprison cjDTn,XTN-,OTn^,OTnt load CTNCJD f. burden CU T 2, o T 2 1 tie, sew, weave C J D T ^ V. O Y C U T ^ pour CJDC9, ec9 X C 9 -, o c y ^ [ ^ ^ ^ ] call, announce, read, promise; m. reading CJDMC, e M C

OMC**, OMCt

41

q)\x\

CJDO) e B o x

call out

(a>cy) o c y ^ ,

, ONcy=^ ( e ^ O Y N )

cocpR, ecyM-, oq^M^, ocyRt cuqe^cuBe,oq^

[XBo x2e\>XT^

[ojcz

ozc

t

m. nail wound

(c<jja^)

stand, stay, wait e p ^ v. p ^ )

need

[xz^"" > Z^^^ ]

], e ^ c o z c ^

[xcz]

Xxiozc ix>x

nail, attach

stand oneself (xze

N-

cju^c

[xc]T^],oc]T^

[u^cjDqT]

, 2L

xz^

quenched

press

m.nail

o^cNeiqT (^)

(X(Jo)

call out

m . /lo/e

cyKOA

q>cuK2, C 9 0 K 2 ^

d/g, ^e deep ( U ^ C U K )

m . my/r/t q^OA

m . tooth, tusk

q^oA

m . bundle q^o A*^ , p.c. q^x A - plunder, destroy; m . Z^oo/y

q^coA, q>e A

q^CDA, q ^ o A ^ , q>HAt flow, loosen, q^cuAK

q> AH A , q^ A X

pray; m.

prayer

q^cjDAM

smell

[q^coAM

draw out ( s w o r d ) ]

[q^XMe

f. kindling,

q^OAMec q^Aon

m.

(j)e\e€T

particle]

i.gnat strand f. bride,

marriage

MxRq^eAeer

m . bridal

nxTq^SAeer

m . bridegroom

x\o^e\eeT q^Aoq

chamber (nx

poss.)

marry

m . shame, disgrace,

[q^ X A e q t o)\Z

dissolve

weave

shameful

shameful^ ]

ni. twig, shoot

q^a>A^, q>oA^^, q^oA^t

RMo

become

a stranger,

-cyoMTe

CyOMT, f. CyOMTe, C y R T C 9 M N T -

Me^cyoMFiT

third jen^e, worship; m. service,

forms conj. base conditional v. cyHN m. ^ee cyaLN-

f. garden,

cyiNe, q>fJ-

seek, ask

m . inquiry, news

cyiNC ucx',uc<x>^ cyRNoyqe

m.

peqcyiNe

news

n. diviner,

fortune-teller

m . messenger

[ c y O N € ], c y o o N e t

disease,

be sick, weak; c y N c y e N c y a ^ N - m . sickness,

weakness

cyoDCDNe, c y e e N e m. prodigal,

MfTTcyNi

cyo (O)N^ , c y o o N e t

exclude, be deprived^

waste

f. profligacy,

c y N € , pi. c y N H y cyRc

seek

gooJ

Rnc9iN€,6RncyiNe vw/r

qVicyiNe

cyN^

worship

cyatN-

orchard

cyiNe,c9€N-,c9NT**

cycjDNe

[cyNT

three

c y R c y e , c y R c y e >, c y R c y H T ^

6me

alienated

eight

eighty

[cyaiMNT ],

cyNH

n. stranger, visitor, alien

hospitable

c y M o y N , f. c y M o y N e , -u^MHNe ^MeN€

intemperance

m . net

m . /men

cycjJNT, c y N T - , cyoNTe

(d)xtiT^,

in-law

f. c / / ^

cyMoy, c^Moye M^icyRMO

f. mother- (daughter-)

summer

m . tribute, tax, rent

cycoM

c y c u c u M e , cyoDMe

CyOMflT

turnip

little by little

cycjDM, [f. cyaiMH]

(ot

c y x T H M , c y X T M mi. mustard,

small, little, young, few

c y O M , c y o o M , f. c y c u M e

(d)Hx,

cyxATM,

43

cyoNT^,cyoNTt

f. plaited

q)XNTe

-

plait, weave

(mats, wreaths, baskets)

work

conjugation base until

cyoNTB

[cyaiNTe]

cyFTTO)

f. linen robe, sheet

i. thorn bush,

acacia

c y c D N q , cycuNS^, q ^ e M q - , c y o N q ^ , U ^ O N B ^ , c y o N q t

join, come

together;

m . union c y o n , cy c o n

m. palm, four-fingerbreadth,

cycjDn, c y n c y e n c y o n ^ accepted^, cyonc

[^xu^],

acceptable^ f. reception,

banquet

c y n c y n - , cyncycon** c y c u n in ^ N o y c y n R c y c u n

embrace suddenly

four

cynnt

receive, take, get, buy, be

44

cyine

(s)\ue be ashamed, shame; m. shame cpine ^ H T ^ R- be ashamed before f e r i n e /?Mf shame jciq^ine 6e ashamed cpcJDne, a > o o n t become, come about, happen, be^, exists, dwells; [m. /jd/ig] cyoDne e - become q ^ c o n e ( c y o o n t ) N - become (be^) c y i j D n e ( q ^ o o n t ) N X * ^ get, have^ MX Rq^cone m. dwelling place, cell of a monk eq^cune [eq^ne, eiq^ne, q ^ n e ] if when, since, because eq^cune R M O N if not, otherwise [ n e r q ^ o o n m. the One who exists] pq^pnRq^a>ne pre-exist] [q^ncon promise; m.promise (q^oun plus c o n ) ] q^nnpe f, wonder, amazement, omen fQ^UH\>e be amazed, marvel q^cjDnq> m. arm, shoulder (d)xx^ [ q ^ x x p e , q ^ e A ] m.skin, hide %XKiS)xx\>

q^xxp

m. tanner

m, price

q^xpe-v. q^x^ conj. base habitual present q ^ x x p e , q^xxp,q^xpt

peqq^xxp

hit, strike

m. demon

q^Hpe, q ^ p - [q^Hp

q^e q ^ R f . q ^ e e p e [jcepe ]

m. son, child, f. daughter

q^Hpe q^HM m. child, baby, youth q^RoyA.,q^oyoyx,a>pn,q>pn-,q^opn^

be early

q ) p n - plus verb first, before, already q^cjDpn m. morning q^opn [q^xpn ] , q^pn-, f. q ^ o p n e

m. earliest, first

Rq^cop n, Rq^opn early, first of all, before JCiNRq^opn from the beginning pq^opn precede, hurry p q ^ o p n R- plus y&rbfirst,pre-, pro-, fore-, already q ^ o p q ^ p [ q ^ x p q ^ p ] , q^pqpcop^, q^pq^copt upset, overturn; m. destruction q^ec q^c - v. ca>q^ strike q^cJL>c,q^Hct v.ccuq^ despise

q^oDC, pi. q ^ o o c

m.flock,herd, shepherd

q ) a > c R V. ca>q^R be faint q^CNe [ c q ^ N € , q ^ N e ] m. moment ^Royq^CNe [ x n c q ^ N e ] suddenly

q^HT

two hundred

q^iHT Scete, a desolate place near the Wadi Natrun south of Alexandria q ^ O T , q^cjDT, pi. q^q^ODTe m. pillow, cushion o^ojT, e q ^ a > T , e q ^ c o c o r , pi. e q ^ o r e m. trader, merchant q ^ a x j D T , q ^ c o T , q ^ ( e ) T - , q ^ e e T - , q^xxT^ ,(j)XT^,(d)xxT^ ,q)XT^,

p.c. q)XT-

cut, sacrifice, lack, fall short^, be lacking^ m. sacrifice, need,

cyqT^

45

deficiency cycjDcoT € B O A cy^Tfi-

cut off, dccidc; m.

except,

q^xxTB

f. portion

TS^,cyeTB-

lay down

muzzle

c y r e K O , pi. c y r e K C D O Y

m. /?rwo«

cya>TM, cyTM

shut, be shut

cyTi^M cyTHN

cyoTRt

[cyreM], cyr^M-

t garment,

cyroprf

shut, close

tunic

[cyxiprf],cyTpTf-,cyTpTcop^,cyT[>Ta)pt

[ c y r p r x p e r t ] disturb, be disturbed, troubled; m. disturbance,

trouble,

confusion cyTOYHT in'fcyTOYHT

accuse

c y o T c y T , c y o j c T , cyeTcycjL>T=^, c y e r c y c j D T t cy^Y

M^e^A

pcyiiY c y OY -

cy o Y M o c x e

prosperous /o be hated

m. measure,

cya^Y

m. rmwA, /?/ece, part

cyooye

extent

f. a/rar [cyiY^'^]> , BOJ, q c o e

m. hair

q f i T , BNT

worm

m.f.

qa>Te, Bcjure, q e r q c j D T e eBOA qrooy

q o T ^ wipe off,

obliterate

wipe out, destroy; m.

q c D T e V. BCJDTe

destruction

pollute

[qTxy], f.qToe,qTO,qTOY-,qTeY-,-3iqTe

h o y 2^ ] V. B o y ^ e q < D 6 e , BCD6e, q e 6 q a > 6 c , B<x>6c qo6c,Bo6c

eyelid qo6^ jump,

design

against

jump, rush, seize, rob

rush

i n a i q o 6 c hop, dance

four

leave;

eo

called 2opi

z transliterated h

Z for Gk. rough breathing \ixindicates apposition] ZX', ^iLpo^ under, in, at, from, for, for the sake of concerning, against ^A-pt^A^po^ -self alone Zx m, winnowing fan Zxe, f. ^ X H , pi. 23^eeY, Z^€:oY m. last, end enzxe, eexn at the end, finally p ^ ^ e be last, be in want, need Zx\ [eeei] m, husband Zxio, ICO hey!, hail! Ze [zxe\e], z^Y^ fall, be falling^; m.fall, destruction Ze € - find, discover Ze e e o x perish Z^:, ^ I H [ ^ e e c ] f. way, marmer N e e R- in the way of like, as RTeV^e pTf^^] thus, so N T e T ^ e T H p c so much nxiX) R^e how? KXTx e e like {vcoLTd) p e e R- become like t e e enable TX\ r e e e so it is, thus Zs v . e ^ e yes Ze - m. time, season ^ e B c o c o N m. famine ZeNoyc^B m. plenty , ^iH, e ^ H , ^HT*^, e ^ H T ^ f.front,beginning Zi^T^ come, go, look, etc. forward, fear, etc. before e&H forward RcjieH infront,formerly, from now on Zx&H, 2 i T e ^ infront,before ^ l e H , 2i^H to, infront,before 2 H , 2 H T ^ f. belly, womb R^HT*^ in used as the presuffixal form of z^-y q.v. en, e e f. story of a house ^', ^ 1 T ^, 2 thresh, beat, rub ei-v. eiOY^ hit Z\'y Z^^^^ upon, on, at, in, concerning from, in time of and, or eicoT- withTHY'T'R eiNA.1 thus ei€, 2»H, pi. E I H Y V. e»NIE rudder [ e i e j v . e i e then eiH, pi. e i o o Y e f. road, way eo,eco,epat*^ [Z?^''] m.face xi^o respect, pay attention xiz?^"" occupy oneself converse; m. distraction

47

48

eo

[fzo

encourage;

2 XX

m.

m . deceiving

exhortation] face

e e P ^ - . ^ Z P ^ ^ [^ZP^^*^] tOy among NxePN- [RNxepFr-],Nxep3c^ p^Nxepx^.NxeP^:^] Zo)'

m,fieldy

Zo\ i n fzo'^

the

2a> (epo*^) ^o)

with

trouble

be enoughy satisfy

e\>o^

e-

^CJDOD^,^a>** Za>q ^leiB

but, on the other

, 2 < ^ q , pi. ^ B H y e oy

n e n^coB

P^CDB

m. thingy work, event,

what is the

deed

matter?

work

a>Bpp2^B 2HBe

hand

m.f. lamb

m. fellow

m.f. grief

p^HBe

worker

mourning

grievcy mourn

erne, eoBet be loWy short ZBB€ m. low part 2BX

m . embarrassmenty

p^BX

misfortune

be in distress

ZR<s> f. covering, 2BBe, ^HyBe

tent

m . plow

eBoyp [ 6 B o y p ] t ^BopBp [ ^ B x p B p ]

left hand, left pushy throw

eBpnde

[^leBpnjk:, ^ B B p n d e ] v . 2xiBec,^oiBec

^HBC,^Fc

[^xeiBe]

lightning

tshadow

m.lamp

^CDBC,^cjL>Bec,2BC-, ^ O B C ' ^ ^CJDBC, ^ O B C , ^ B C

[^oqC'^], ^ o B c t

[;^xBct]

cover, be

m . covering, lid

^ B o o c , 2 B O C , pi. ^BODCDC m.f. garment, linen Z^coj [^Bcoy], pi. ^ f c o o y e t garment ^ B H T e v.c^BHHxe

foam

^ X B x d n e i N v.x B x d n e i N ^XK Z\K

sober,

glass

prudent

m. magic

ZK, ^ e K ^XKo

eoK^, 2 H K t

m.

gird, arm, brace; m. belt,

magician

^cucDice, ^cJDKe, 2 0 0 K e t 2 K O , 2 K x e IT t 2HK€

m.f. poor person,

MNT^HKe

scrape, scratch,

be hungry; m. hunger, poor

{.poverty

2 C O K R V . 2CJU>6F w/r/zer 2XX inp^xx 2XX

deceive

m.f. servant,

^M^xX, ^M^eX p^M^xx

slave m.f. servant,

5eAve, 6e

enslaved

shave

famine

slave

breastplate

covered

cy Bp 2 ^ ^ ni.f. fellow servant Z<XJ\,Z^^^ fly Zooxe f. moth ecocoxe, z^xe, pluck, tear [Zxe\ anyone, anything, no one, nothing] 2 C D A K twist, braid; m. braid 2 X x o , f, eXxco, pi. e x A O i m. o/iiman, elder, old, f. o/ti woman (zx\ [ ^ 3 . A M e , e ^ x M H f. spring fountain] ^ A O M A M , [ ^ A H M t ] be compHcutcd, entangled; m. complication e X n e [zoxne] trmvel e A o c T T T m. mist, fog Zx\HT,

pi. e ^ t A x r e

m.

^/r^

[Z^xzx, eXecoA^ /a//, 5/fly] 2Ao6 [ e A A . 6 ] , e o x 6 t [ e a i A e b t ] be sweet, delighted; m. sweetness eX6€ m.f. 5weeme55 e^LM, e ^ M - , ei^-. pl. m. craftsman, worker e^^MNoyB m, goldsmith ZXMige m. carpenter e o e i M , pl. ^ H M e m. wave e c o M , e^M e o M ^ , 2 H M t tread, trample 2 ^ M O i [ 2 A . M x e i ] would that, oh that e i M e , pl. eiOMe f. wife e i O M e [ e i A - M e ] women V. c ^ i M e eicDMe, ecoMe f. /7a/m of the hand 2 M e /orty eMoy m. salt ^ M O M , ^HMt be hot; m. heat, fever ^MMe f. heat, fever ^ M M e in p ^ F l M e steer, guide ^MeNe eighty v. c y M o y N e o M F f T , e o M T m. copper, bronze, money e ^ M H p m. arms, embrace ZMC m. spike of wheat 2 M O o c t [ e M i i C T t ] sit, dwell ^Mooc

M N - ma/7y

m. 5ea/, throne, toilet, anus ^ M O T [eM^x] m. grace, ^ft c y n ^ M O T give thanks (cycon rece/ve) Z^Z^^ V. e^^^x servant ZP^Z^ focw ^ M O J c e o M J c ^ be sour ZMX m. vinegar Z^-, N ^ H T ^ a^, o/x, ^y, ^om, among [^NN- before vowels especially the indef. art. sing.] MX

ReMooc

eBOA

^^'w

^ N o y - forms adverbs of manner The paradigm for N ^ H T ^ and other presuffixal forms ending in a consonant is this: N^HT in me

plus

-o)

50

ZN-

R^HTC

m yow sing. masc. in you sing. fem.

N^HTK N^HTq

in

R^HTC

in her

R^HTR

in us

him

R^HTTHYTR

in you

pi.

in them e e N - [ ^ R - ] indefinite article pi. some ( ^ o e i N e ) ^ o y N m. interior, inside ^ R - q.v., in e ^ o y N [ x ^ o y N ] to, toward, inward e ^ o y N e - , epO'^ into R ^ o y N within R4>oyN R - within ^ i ^ o y N within 2<jDN [ ^ N X N ] , ^ R - , ^ O N ^ , 2 H N t approach, be near^ 2 a > N , 2 0 N = ^ ( e T o o T ^ ) command 2CON go aground o R^ODN be shallow ^ H N e m. 5/?/ce, incense c y o y ^ H N e m. incense R^HToy

^iNe ( e B o x )

row

out

2iNe, ^ R T ^

move oneself 2RT^ eBOA remove oneself 2 i N ! e , 2 i e , 2 i H , pi. 2 i H y m. rudder ^oeiNe

[2xeiNe,2oeiN],2€:N-

^ N e - , e ^ N e - , ew^^

fewe^],

[^R-]

eeNx^

some, certain 6e w/Z/Z/xg, pleased, glad (subj.

[eeNe^]

as suffbc) f 2 N x ^ de5/re, wa«r, be willing ^iNHB, ^iNHq sleep; m. 2 0 N B e f. spring, well [ ^ c u N T , 23^NTt approach, be near^, at hand}, fate^ ] ^eNeere f. monastery, convent 2Nxxy m. pot, jar, thing [ ^ N C D ^ e i. fear] ^ x n [leu] m.judgment, justice t ^ ^ T T judge ^cun, ^ e n ^ o n ^ ], ^ ^ n t hide, be hidden, be secret^ 2xnc feA^'] it is necessary ^noTj^ncjDT n.fathom m. 5/reer

Z\?

/foms, name of fourth-century monk /ace 2 p x ^ v . 2 p o o y voice 2 x p o ^ V. wm/er ^xpcJD^ beneath, before v . p o ecop

Z?^^

V. 2 0

^ipoD'^

Z?^^

a/, M/70/T V. p o

fepH'',

e^pxT

ZP^: ] [x^pHi]

upper pan, lower part upward, downward

m.

51

eHT

[N^P^li] e'^-,NeHT*^

epxi

epe,pLepHYe efeBOT

per

f. oven,

epa> ZV^

m.form,

likeness ^ e broken,

f.

break

rod

ZV^^»Zpi^^,

ZopKt

fZfoK epMXN

month

furnace

ea>pF, e o p B ^ epBcoT

in, within

tfood

be still, quiet, stop

[epKo]

calm,

[AA.eM€N]

m.

subdue

pomegranate

before v . p o

Zx\>Ti- beneath,

at, upon V . p o

eipR-

e < D p n , e ^ p n e o p n = ^ , e^P^^ epnpe

drench,

Zxi>XT^

v. p X T ^

beneath

epa>T

f. wine-press,

[epTe

f./ear]

epooy

[ e p ^ o y , zr^Y],

vat Z p o y ',z?^^

epoyRne

m. thunder

epoy^B^Li

f. thunder

MNT^poyo

f. boast fulness

[ep3Lcy],eopc9^

epocy

(-o)

burden

MNT^A-pcyeHT

{.patience

epHcye n.

epojcpac

be heavy, slow, make

heavy,

f. wezg/ir

eaipee,:3^pee,epee epcuace

rfi. vo/ce, 50w/i^, noise

[2^P T n , c x R ^ c o T n n.west e c u T p [ e c o T p e ] , e e T p e o T p ^ , e o T p t [ e ^ T p e t ] be joined, doubled, join, hire; m. joint, union [c^BpR^ODTp m. consort, syzygos] e x T p e , pi. e ^ T p e e y m. twin 2 T o p m. necessity, constraint 2 X T H Y whirlwind v. T H y ^ T o o y e f. dawn, morning ^ i T o y N - , 2 i T o y a > ' ^ beside v. T o y o D ^ ^ x e c u p name of 3rd Egyptian month (Hathor) 20TZT, ^ B T ^ T ^ e T ^ O D T ^ , ^ ^ T ^ c o T t ask, inquire, examine; m. question e n y , e H o y m. proflt, usefulness t Z ^ y g^ve proflt, beneflt, gain 6 R 2 H y flnd proflt, gain Zooy [z^oy] m.day n o o y , R n o o y today n o o y R ^ o o y this day 2 0 o y t [ 2 ^ y ^ 2 ^ o y t , z^yoy^ ] be baS, wicked^, evit^ n e e o o y m. evil, wickedness (substantive, can take def. art. n n e e o o y ) 2 c o o y , zoy - rain; m. rainy moisture M o y R ^ c D o y m. rain

XH eiOYe,ei-.2''T''' hit, beat, throw e i T O O T ^ undertake, attempt, begin eiooye roads v. ^ I H 20Y6^, e ^ O K R , e€:6B e o 6 B ^ , e o 6 5 t vvrV/^er, ar/j/re, fade e<x>6l^, 2 o 6 F t , [ 2 o 6 B e c ] v. a>6F /?e cofc?

Zx6\u

m . m/nf

called

jciA transliterated j

xxie ,xxe m. desert, wilderness Xxio [xxe\x^]w.Txxio triumph xe- namely, that, because, for introduces a quotation" . . . " with lU future [11 future] so that . . . might jceNe- if whether (xB- etie-) € B o x XB' because JCH f. dish, bowl XH m . chip, speck xiHXH m. emptiness, nothing (chip of a chip) enaiNJiCH in vain, for no reason

53

54

jci

x\, xe\, x \ X € \ - , x\T^, J C H Y ^ x\ e - lead, attain to

p.c.

xxi-, xxy

- receive, take, get;

m.

theft

f o r m s c o m p o u n d infinitives s u c h a s :

x\-

jciMoeiT lead, guide JCJf trade

x\'tT[e taste xo, x<x>, xexo^, xHy^ sow, plant; m. sowing xo,xe',xo^ put, spend, send forth xo m. armpit xoe, xdi, xo, pi. e JCH f. wall jceNeTMHTe f. middle wall xdi, pi. exHy m. ship, boat accD [jcoy], .xe-, x\-, xoo^, i m p e r . xx\-, \x\^, p.c. X X T - say, speak, tell, sing xoj MMOC xe-,xooo xe5ay" . . . " xe\>o^ say to, mean {xo:^ e p o ^ ) jtcD^ head of {x^x, i n c o m p o u n d s , cf. xue) exH- [xxH-],ex<x>^ [ x j c a > ^ ] upon, onto, over, for, to, against, on account of after Z^XH-, z^x^ upon, over jccjD

m.

cup

ocoDCDBe [accDBe], J c o o B ^

pass through, by

[jcB^Bico ] substitution v. a^iBe m.f. coal jsccjDK, JceK-, J C O K ^ [ j c x K ^ ] , jCHKt ( e B O X ) fill, finish, be Completed, bepW, complete^, perfect^; m. end, total, perfection xoj(x>K.e, JcooK ^ sting accoKM, aceKM-, J C O K M ^ , . x o K R t wash, baptize; m. washing, baptism j c c o K p , J c e K p - , jcoKp^, jcoKpt ^aft season JCBBec

J c e K x x c , j i : e K X C [ j c e K x c e ] in order that, so that {xe-

KXX^)

prick, brand; m. provocation ac CD (cD ) x e , jc e x e -, jc o x ^ gather, harvest; m. harvest J C C O X K , J c e x K - [ J K : X 6 - ] , JcoxK*^, j c o x K t stretch, sew [ . x c D X K , jkixxK^^ be submerged p e q j c x x K - m . one submerged in] jcooxec f. moth xo\z^ be smallest^, leasts j c o x o c x fence in; m . hedge, fence x<Ji>\6 V. 6 0 X . X entangle accuM [jccDCDMe] m, generation JCXMH f. calm jccDCDMe, accDMe [ j c x n e , p i . a c n e ] m. book, papyrus sheet o r roll XH-,xeu-,xm-,xeor JCNMMON, JceMMON Ornot x\H-,XHfrom, since x\HTx^ ( w i t h II p e r f e c t ) while, since [x\H m . power] xux,xHe,xue[jceNe-],XHX^,xenx^ send, hit, beat, extinguish JCCDKOCK

(caus, of

jcioye

xene-

ifw.xe-

XNoy, xne-, JCN-, xnoy^ oceNencJDp f. roof JSC C U N T , XHT xxNT^, xt^xxY,xt4xy delay

acNooy

55

ask, inquire, question, tell, say (cyojcNe)

JcoNTt

try, test, begin

m, threshing floor

J C c o N q , j c o o N e q t happen, meet with; m. chance, agreement a N o q m. basket, crate

x^xz

m. forearm, strength, violence

x\uxH emptiness v. XH jcn - f. hour (prefixed to a cardinal number) jcni . x n e - must (followed by an infinitive) jKinio, a n t e - , xu\o^, XU\HT^ blame, convict (caus. of cyine) j c n o , j c n e - , xuo^ [XT^X^] give birth to, produce, acquire; m. birth, one bom (caus. of cyoDne) [xTXJio^ unbegotten]

a o n a c n , e ^ o n a c n grope, [tread] j^Hp be cheerful, have fun; m. joke, play jccDp, j c o o p ^ examine; m. spy j c e p o , jcepa>, j c e p e - , jcepo^, jcepa>^ bum, ignite jccocupe, jccope [a<x>a)p],.xepe-,.xoop^,j^ioopet ( e e o x ) scatter,

disperse, hinder; m. scattering dissolution jcpo [jtpcD ], 6po, ocpxeiTt be strong, conquer; m. victory, strength ATocpo e p o ^ unconquerable .xoopt be strong, boW jccDCDpe [jccupe] m. strong mighty

JCcupR point, hint, beckon JccopR drive, ride jccDpn stumble, trip j c p o n [jcp^Ln] m, obstacle t Jcpon trip up jci.xpon stumble

[xoj\>x ] V. 6(x>\>6 inhabit j c o e i c , X c , [ j c i t e i c , j c e c - ] , pl. J c i c o o y m. lord, master . x i c e , J t e c T - , j c ^ c T ^ , J t o c e t [jca^cet], p.c. j ^ ^ c i - raise up, elevate, exalt,

be high^; m. height acice Ff^'^'^

^^in, arrogant

x\ce f. backy spine x\T^ V. x\ receive JCoefT, x\T - m. olive tree, olive xxTe, [ j c e T e ] , j c o T e t ripen Jca>Te ,XBT', xoT^ pierce, penetrate

[jccoTeJv. 6 a > T drinking trough XTO, a ^ T O , JCTe J C T O ^ , c y T o ^ , js:THy t, c y T H y t xxT^e, Jc^TBe m. reptile j ^ o o y , . x a c y , . x e y - , j c o o y ^ send

jcioye

steal, rob; m. theft

N.xioye stealthily p e q j c i o y e m. thief

lay down, lying^ down

JcooyT

56

.xooyr

n. inferior^ worthless, rejected person or thing f. j c o y c D T E , j c o y T - twenty pour out; m. confusion] j c x q m, frost ocoqTFi i n N j c o q T N headlong jcoycDT,

j c o q j c q , J C O B ^ B , JceqjKicoq^

ibwm, coo^

Jccue,Jtee-,JCH^t touch XIX>z,xeZ',xxz^,XHZ^ smear, anoint xoyz^ //m/? [jco^M'^], J C X ^ M t be unclcun, defiled, defile, pollute; m. pollution, dirtiness JCX2^2»\ e B O A return, turn back 6x\€,p\.6x\BBy n. lame person, handicapped person 6oi\e,Koi\€,6x\e-,6x\(JO(jj^,6x\(x>oy^,6x\HyT^ [6eAiTt] dwell, visit p M N 6 o e i A e m. stranger, visitor 6o\\€, 6x\€Kx\e6x\<jj^, 6x\QJoy^, 6 ^ A H O Y ^ deposit, entrust; m. deposit 6cJL>CDAe,6eAe-,6ooA^,6ooAet [6A.Aet] clothe, cover 6 A O [6 A A.] m. vanity, illusion 6\\\ m. burnt offering 6 A R n. sticks, twigs [6\xM,6\OM (v. KO)AeM) hurry; m. hurry N6AOM quickly] d A M ^ L i [6AMeei] m,jar 6 A O M A M , 6ARAa>M^, 6ARACDMt, 6AMAOMTt be twisted, combined, embrace; m. combination 6aj\n,6Xji-,6o\n^ [6x\u^],6o\n^ [6x\en^ (€B0\)uncover, open, reveal; m. revelation 6ACDT, pl.6AOOTe [ 6 A i . T e ] m.t kidney 6ijj\x, X(J^\6,6\X', xe\eX',6o\xAJc V. KCOAJc bend 6 A O 6 m. bed, dining couch, stretcher, bier 6 R - v.6iNe 6 0 M [6XM] tpower, strength, force XT6OM powerless, unable OYN(C9)6OM R M O ^ be possible for one MKr(c9)6oM R M O ^ be impossible for one (C9)6R6OM be strong able (cy 6iNe) 6 a ) M , pl. 6 0 0 M m. field, garden, property 6 M e m. gardener 6a>cjDMe, 6 e M e 6 o o M e t twist, pervert, crooked^; m. perversion 6atMOYA m.f. camel 6 O M 6 R [6xM6H],6M6a>M^ touch, grope 61N 6 R - [61 -] prefix forming fem. nouns of action 6 i N e , 6 N 6 R 6 N T ^ find; m. discovery 6 ( N M O Y T , 6 1 M O Y T f. the Pleiades 6NON , 6 H N t , 6 o N t be soft, weak; m. softness 6oN,6a>N soft 6 0 N C n. violence JCIN60NC mistreat, hurt; m. violence, injustice 6cL>NT, 6 o N T t [ba^NTt ] be angry; m. anger 6uxT be angry 6xNxz m. maimed person 6\N6<X>\> m. talent 60U f. sole of the foot, foot 6(JL>\,

58

benH

6enH hurry ^ R o y ^ e n H quickly 6Hne [KHne] tcloud 6 o n e , 6on, 6xn€ m.f. /zV^/e bit, few 6a>n€,6€n-,6on^,6Hnt catch, take 6xxnxe m.f. measure 6pH

6po V. jcpo 6e 5rro«^ 6epa>B m. staff, rod 6pooMne, 6poMn€ m.f. dove d p R n c y x N f. turtledove b p n n e f. crown, sceptre 6(x>f>z m. night 6pa)2 m. want, need 6o[>x m. dirt, filth 6a>p6,6op6t hunt 6(X>p6c f. trap 6epH6 m. hunter 6<JDp6 prepare, provide; m. contents, mixture 6<JDp6 [jccupjc] inhabit, dwell 6\>o6 [6{>x6 ], 6poo6, pi. 6pa>a>6 m. seed 6oc,KA.c,6ic-,6ec6ocR m. storm 6oc6c dance 6 e € T t remaining v. 6a) 6 o T f. size, age, form 6cuT [jccDTc] t drinking trough 6 a > T n , 6 e T n 6 o T n ^ , 6 o T n t tie/ea/, Zje defeated, overcome; m. discouragement 6a>T2 wound, pierce; m. /lo/e 6a>oy, 6ooy^, ^ n y t narrow 6a)oy (eBOX) ow^ to sea, sail 6xoyoN [6xyXN, pi. 6xoyoNe ] m.f. slave, servant 6 o o y N e f. haircloth, gunnysack 6a>oy 6 , 6 o o y 6 1 be crooked 6a>c9T,6oc9Tt [ d x c y T t ] look, stare, watch 6 a > c y T R e x RccU'^ look at, see 6cDU^T e B O X , e B O X ^ H T ^ look toward, expect 6oq)6(^, 6ecp6a>cp^, 6eq^6a»c9t sprinkle; m. sprinkling 6zoc, 6o2ce, 6xzce f. gazelle 6 o 2 ^ 2 > ^ ^ 2 ^ 2 V. acx^^Z 6iac f. [6xacH V . J C X 6 H left hand] 6(jj<jJxe,6(x>xe,xeX',6oxZ'^y^oox€^,p,c.6xxxe' cut 6UJXB,6BX-,6HX^

dig

6cu jcF, 6cx>x6,606^, 6H6t roast, bake 6xx6e mi. loaf

t called t t t

transliterated ti

treated as T I for def. art. sing. fem. before Gk. words with initial e.g., "fpHNH N H T N peacetoyou

-