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Aristotelis Ethica Nicomachea Ingram Bywater (1840–1914) first published his edition of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics in 1890. His reconstruction of the Greek text is based on a careful weighing of the Greek manuscript evidence, Latin translations, the witness of early commentators and his own thorough knowledge of Aristotle’s language and style. Bywater’s choice of readings introduced many important alterations to the text given in previous editions; his preference for manuscripts Kb and Lb and for the commentary of Aspasius, represented by Heylbut’s edition (1889), explains many of these changes. Select readings of the most important witnesses are given in a critical apparatus. Bywater’s edition has been widely used by scholars and students of the Greek text of Nicomachean Ethics and a number of important translations have been based on it. The edition’s carefully compiled index of key Greek words, arranged according to usage, has proved an indispensable tool to generations of Greek students.
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Aristotelis Ethica Nicomachea E dited by Ingram Bywater
C A M B R I D G E U N I V E R SI T Y P R E S S Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paolo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781108011891 © in this compilation Cambridge University Press 2010 This edition first published 1890 This digitally printed version 2010 ISBN 978-1-108-01189-1 Paperback This book reproduces the text of the original edition. The content and language reflect the beliefs, practices and terminology of their time, and have not been updated. Cambridge University Press wishes to make clear that the book, unless originally published by Cambridge, is not being republished by, in association or collaboration with, or with the endorsement or approval of, the original publisher or its successors in title.
ARISTOTELIS
ETHICA NICOMACHEA
ARISTOTELIS
ETHICA NICOMACHEA
RECOGNOVIT BREVIQUE ADNOTATIONE
CRITICA
INSTRUXIT
I. BYWATER COLLEGII
EXONIENSIS
SOCIUS
E TYPOGRAPHEO CLARENDONIANO M DCCC XC
PRAEFATIO.
ETHICA Nicomachea relegenti illud tantum mihi initio propositum fuerat ut Bekkeri textum retractarem et, sicubi videretur, ad scripturam codicis Laurentiani (Kb) propius reducerem. Quae nostra aetate natae sunt quaestiones de primordiis libri, de fide et auctoritate partium, de dispositione eorum quae in codicibus leguntur, harum rationem habere supersedi, non quod inutiles eas aut parvi momenti esse existimarem, sed quia velut lex huius editionis erat ut liber ipse qualis fere iam antiquitus in codicibus extat vel extitisse videtur, quoad fieri posset, integer intactusque servaretur. Optimum esse codicem Kb locupletissimumque veri testem ut mihi cum aliis persuasum est, ita non neglegere potui testimonia cum libri aetate proximi (Lb) turn versionis antiquae (F), quae hodie nobis instar Graeci codicis habenda est. Etenim a prima usque memoria is fuit textus Aristotelici habitus, ut passim diversae scripturae agnoscerentur, atque in L b et T non pauca, si quid video, satis certain vetustatis notam gerunt nee vere hominis Byzantini ingenio adscribuntur. Adde quod et ipsum Kb vitia manifesta deformant, sive de exemplo vitioso tralata sive inter
vi
PRAEFATIO.
scribendum orta, omissa homoeoteleuta et cetera quae oscitantium scriptorum sunt; nam quae corrigendum malae sedulitati imputes, habet profecto pauca. Sed de universa condicione Laurentiani codicis in libello mox edendo curatius institui disserere; interim his velim adquiescas, si cui videbor parum constanter optimum codicem secutus esse. His subsidiis accessere nuper vera ac sincera Aspasii commentaria anno demum 1889 Gustavi Heylbut studio edita, unde ad historiam textus illustrandam priscamque scripturam dispiciendam haud paucis libri locis nova lux atque insperata adfulsit. In adferendo codicum testimonio praescriptam legem huius editionis sic observavi ut potissima tantum scripturae varietas in adnotatione commemoraretur, omissis scilicet eis quae temere et casu seriores librarii intulerunt. Itaque ne ipsius quidem Kb integram varietatem adposui, ac rarius Lb et F citavi, reliquorum paene incuriosus nisi quod Marcianum 213 (Mb), utpote patronos nactum non ignobiles, eodem silentio praetermittere nolui. Ceterum quamquam multa brevitatis gratia omisi, memoravi tamen scripturas etiam deteriorum codicum, quascumque in textum vidi a Bekkero receptas. Ad Bekkeri collationes codicum adhibui quae recentiores addiderunt, Iacksonis ad Librum quintum supellectilem criticam, et ea quae de Laurentiani scriptura ex collatione Schoellii Rassovius et Susemihlius dederunt, nee neglexi quae apud Stewartum nostrum (The English MSS. of the Nicomachean Ethics) ab Hieronymo Vitelli relata inveni; in qui-
PRAEFATIO.
Vll
busdam denique locis, quo de scriptura certior fierem, et ipse codicem inspexi. Cum coniecturarum libertas ab instituto huius editionis abhorreret, parce et non nisi necessitate quadam coactus emendationes in ipsum textum admisi. Interpunctionem liberius immutavi, partim meo Marte partim auctore Susemihiio, qui veram verborum distinctionem reperire saepius occupavit. Cuius quoniam mentio facta est, grato animo fateor non solum in hac parte sed etiam in universo labore tanto mihi usui fuisse Susemihlii editionem, ut vix dici possit quantum copiis ab eo collectis debuerim. Iuvat eos quoque honoris causa nominare qui ad plagulas perlegendas tam sedulam operam contulerunt, I. M. Schulhof et I. Burnet; et hunc quidem in duobus locis (i099b 33, ii44 a 26) in eandem mecum incidisse emendationem laetus intellexi. Sed est cui prae omnibus grates agam atque habeam, virum dico si quis alius ''ApiaroreXiKdraTov, I. C. Wilson : quern ut socium mihi in hac editione paranda futurum speraveram, ita postquam instantiora eum negotia alio averterant, alienum opus adiuvare et, quantum potuit, amico suppetiari non recusavit; haud exiguam enim libri partem una relegimus, crebrisque colloquiis collato studio difficillima quaeque excussimus. I. BYVVATER. Scribebam Londini mense lulio a. 1890.
SIGLA
Ha K> Lh Mb Nb Ob r vulg. Asp.
= = = = = = = = =
cod. Marcianus 214 cod. Laurentianus LXXXI. 11 cod. Parisiensis 1854 cod. Marcianus 213 cod. Marcianus append, iv. 53 cod. Riccardianus 46 antiqua traductio (ed. Paris, a. 1497) codices plerique Aspasii commentaria (ed. Berol.)
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