Acupuncture - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References

ACUPUNCTURE A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R EFERENCES J AMES N...

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ACUPUNCTURE A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R EFERENCES

J AMES N. P ARKER , M.D. AND P HILIP M. P ARKER , P H .D., E DITORS

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ICON Health Publications ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, 4th Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Copyright Ó2003 by ICON Group International, Inc. Copyright Ó2003 by ICON Group International, Inc. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Last digit indicates print number: 10 9 8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1

Publisher, Health Care: Philip Parker, Ph.D. Editor(s): James Parker, M.D., Philip Parker, Ph.D. Publisher's note: The ideas, procedures, and suggestions contained in this book are not intended for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. As new medical or scientific information becomes available from academic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies may undergo changes. The authors, editors, and publisher have attempted to make the information in this book up to date and accurate in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of this book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised to always check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dosage and contraindications before prescribing any drug or pharmacological product. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs, herbal remedies, vitamins and supplements, alternative therapies, complementary therapies and medicines, and integrative medical treatments. Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parker, James N., 1961Parker, Philip M., 1960Acupuncture: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References / James N. Parker and Philip M. Parker, editors p. cm. Includes bibliographical references, glossary, and index. ISBN: 0-597-83546-2 1. Acupuncture-Popular works. I. Title.

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Disclaimer This publication is not intended to be used for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher, editors, and authors are not engaging in the rendering of medical, psychological, financial, legal, or other professional services. References to any entity, product, service, or source of information that may be contained in this publication should not be considered an endorsement, either direct or implied, by the publisher, editors, or authors. ICON Group International, Inc., the editors, and the authors are not responsible for the content of any Web pages or publications referenced in this publication.

Copyright Notice If a physician wishes to copy limited passages from this book for patient use, this right is automatically granted without written permission from ICON Group International, Inc. (ICON Group). However, all of ICON Group publications have copyrights. With exception to the above, copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International Inc. The disclaimer above must accompany all reproductions, in whole or in part, of this book.

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Acknowledgements The collective knowledge generated from academic and applied research summarized in various references has been critical in the creation of this book which is best viewed as a comprehensive compilation and collection of information prepared by various official agencies which produce publications on acupuncture. Books in this series draw from various agencies and institutions associated with the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and in particular, the Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (OS), the Administration for Children and Families (ACF), the Administration on Aging (AOA), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Healthcare Financing Administration (HCFA), the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the Indian Health Service (IHS), the institutions of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Program Support Center (PSC), and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). In addition to these sources, information gathered from the National Library of Medicine, the United States Patent Office, the European Union, and their related organizations has been invaluable in the creation of this book. Some of the work represented was financially supported by the Research and Development Committee at INSEAD. This support is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, special thanks are owed to Tiffany Freeman for her excellent editorial support.

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About the Editors James N. Parker, M.D. Dr. James N. Parker received his Bachelor of Science degree in Psychobiology from the University of California, Riverside and his M.D. from the University of California, San Diego. In addition to authoring numerous research publications, he has lectured at various academic institutions. Dr. Parker is the medical editor for health books by ICON Health Publications.

Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. Philip M. Parker is the Eli Lilly Chair Professor of Innovation, Business and Society at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France and Singapore). Dr. Parker has also been Professor at the University of California, San Diego and has taught courses at Harvard University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, and UCLA. Dr. Parker is the associate editor for ICON Health Publications.

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About ICON Health Publications To discover more about ICON Health Publications, simply check with your preferred online booksellers, including Barnes & Noble.com and Amazon.com which currently carry all of our titles. Or, feel free to contact us directly for bulk purchases or institutional discounts: ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, Fourth Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Fax: 858-546-4341 Web site: www.icongrouponline.com/health

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Table of Contents FORWARD .......................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON ACUPUNCTURE ........................................................................................ 3 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 3 The Combined Health Information Database ................................................................................ 3 Federally Funded Research on Acupuncture............................................................................... 10 E-Journals: PubMed Central ....................................................................................................... 32 The National Library of Medicine: PubMed................................................................................ 33 CHAPTER 2. NUTRITION AND ACUPUNCTURE............................................................................. 237 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 237 Finding Nutrition Studies on Acupuncture ............................................................................. 237 Federal Resources on Nutrition................................................................................................. 242 Additional Web Resources......................................................................................................... 242 CHAPTER 3. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND ACUPUNCTURE ...................................................... 245 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 245 The Combined Health Information Database ............................................................................ 245 National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine ............................................... 246 Additional Web Resources......................................................................................................... 277 General References..................................................................................................................... 303 CHAPTER 4. DISSERTATIONS ON ACUPUNCTURE ........................................................................ 305 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 305 Dissertations on Acupuncture .................................................................................................. 305 Keeping Current ........................................................................................................................ 306 CHAPTER 5. CLINICAL TRIALS AND ACUPUNCTURE ................................................................... 307 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 307 Recent Trials on Acupuncture .................................................................................................. 307 Keeping Current on Clinical Trials ........................................................................................... 321 CHAPTER 6. PATENTS ON ACUPUNCTURE ................................................................................... 323 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 323 Patents on Acupuncture............................................................................................................ 323 Keeping Current ........................................................................................................................ 332 CHAPTER 7. BOOKS ON ACUPUNCTURE ....................................................................................... 333 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 333 Book Summaries: Federal Agencies ........................................................................................... 333 Book Summaries: Online Booksellers ........................................................................................ 334 The National Library of Medicine Book Index........................................................................... 347 Chapters on Acupuncture ......................................................................................................... 349 Directories ................................................................................................................................. 349 CHAPTER 8. MULTIMEDIA ON ACUPUNCTURE ............................................................................ 351 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 351 Video Recordings....................................................................................................................... 351 Audio Recordings ...................................................................................................................... 354 Bibliography: Multimedia on Acupuncture .............................................................................. 355 CHAPTER 9. PERIODICALS AND NEWS ON ACUPUNCTURE ......................................................... 357 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 357 News Services and Press Releases ............................................................................................. 357 Newsletter Articles .................................................................................................................... 363 Academic Periodicals covering Acupuncture ............................................................................ 365 APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES.......................................................................................... 369 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 369 NIH Guidelines ......................................................................................................................... 369 NIH Databases .......................................................................................................................... 371

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Contents Other Commercial Databases .....................................................................................................374 APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES ...............................................................................................375 Overview ....................................................................................................................................375 Patient Guideline Sources ..........................................................................................................375 Finding Associations ..................................................................................................................383 APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES ................................................................................385 Overview ....................................................................................................................................385 Preparation .................................................................................................................................385 Finding a Local Medical Library ................................................................................................385 Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada .................................................................................385

ONLINE GLOSSARIES ................................................................................................................391 Online Dictionary Directories ...................................................................................................392 ACUPUNCTURE DICTIONARY ................................................................................................393 INDEX...............................................................................................................................................474

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FORWARD In March 2001, the National Institutes of Health issued the following warning: "The number of Web sites offering health-related resources grows every day. Many sites provide valuable information, while others may have information that is unreliable or misleading."1 Furthermore, because of the rapid increase in Internet-based information, many hours can be wasted searching, selecting, and printing. Since only the smallest fraction of information dealing with acupuncture is indexed in search engines, such as www.google.com or others, a non-systematic approach to Internet research can be not only time consuming, but also incomplete. This book was created for medical professionals, students, and members of the general public who want to know as much as possible about acupuncture, using the most advanced research tools available and spending the least amount of time doing so. In addition to offering a structured and comprehensive bibliography, the pages that follow will tell you where and how to find reliable information covering virtually all topics related to acupuncture, from the essentials to the most advanced areas of research. Public, academic, government, and peer-reviewed research studies are emphasized. Various abstracts are reproduced to give you some of the latest official information available to date on acupuncture. Abundant guidance is given on how to obtain free-of-charge primary research results via the Internet. While this book focuses on the field of medicine, when some sources provide access to non-medical information relating to acupuncture, these are noted in the text. E-book and electronic versions of this book are fully interactive with each of the Internet sites mentioned (clicking on a hyperlink automatically opens your browser to the site indicated). If you are using the hard copy version of this book, you can access a cited Web site by typing the provided Web address directly into your Internet browser. You may find it useful to refer to synonyms or related terms when accessing these Internet databases. NOTE: At the time of publication, the Web addresses were functional. However, some links may fail due to URL address changes, which is a common occurrence on the Internet. For readers unfamiliar with the Internet, detailed instructions are offered on how to access electronic resources. For readers unfamiliar with medical terminology, a comprehensive glossary is provided. For readers without access to Internet resources, a directory of medical libraries, that have or can locate references cited here, is given. We hope these resources will prove useful to the widest possible audience seeking information on acupuncture. The Editors

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From the NIH, National Cancer Institute (NCI): http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/ten-things-to-know.

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CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON ACUPUNCTURE Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to locate peer-reviewed references and studies on acupuncture.

The Combined Health Information Database The Combined Health Information Database summarizes studies across numerous federal agencies. To limit your investigation to research studies and acupuncture, you will need to use the advanced search options. First, go to http://chid.nih.gov/index.html. From there, select the “Detailed Search” option (or go directly to that page with the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html). The trick in extracting studies is found in the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Journal Article.” At the top of the search form, select the number of records you would like to see (we recommend 100) and check the box to display “whole records.” We recommend that you type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. Consider using the option “anywhere in record” to make your search as broad as possible. If you want to limit the search to only a particular field, such as the title of the journal, then select this option in the “Search in these fields” drop box. The following is what you can expect from this type of search: ·

Acupuncture: Acupuncture and Traditional Oriental Medicine in the Treatment of HIV and AIDS Source: STEP Perspective: Volume 8, No. 1: Spring, 1996. Contact: Project Inform, HIV Treatment Hotline, 205 13th St Ste 2001, San Francisco, CA, 94103, (415) 558-8669, http://www.projectinform.org. Summary: This reprint explains how acupuncture and other traditional oriental medicines can be used in conjunction with Western treatments for persons with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The reprint describes oriental therapies such as acupuncture and moxibustion and how they affect the body in theory, as well as how they complement Western treatments for

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HIV/AIDS. The reprint also outlines the danger of the transmission of HIV/AIDS through needle sharing. ·

Evidence for Acupuncture As a Treatment for Rheumatologic Conditions Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America. 26(1): 103-115. February 2000. Summary: This journal article provides health professionals with an overview of the use of acupuncture in treating rheumatologic conditions and an examination of the available evidence to date supporting the use of acupuncture for specific rheumatologic conditions. The general theory of acupuncture, which originated in China more than 2,000 years ago, is based on the premise that there are patterns of energy flow through the body that are essential for health. Acupuncture is believed to correct imbalances in the flow of this energy, or qi, through 12 primary channels, or meridians, and 8 ordinary meridians. Although puncturing the skin with a long thin needle is the usual method of acupuncture, practitioners may also use heat, pressure, friction, suction, or electric stimulation by way of acupuncture needles as an enhancement or replacement. Numerous controlled trials have been conducted during the past several decades suggesting that acupuncture is effective for the treatment of the pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA). There are fewer studies for fibromyalgia than there are for OA, but among the studies that do exist, the benefits of acupuncture are highly consistent. Thus, although large scale clinical trials have yet to be conducted, there is moderately strong evidence that acupuncture may be effective for treating both OA and fibromyalgia. Several studies have also reported that acupuncture is effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the utility of acupuncture in treating RA has not been demonstrated in large, randomized controlled trials. Physicians who treat patients with rheumatic conditions should be willing to discuss the potential benefits of using acupuncture for pain relief with their patients. However, patients should also be warned that acupuncture can be harmful and that it is contraindicated for some patients. 2 tables and 54 references. (AA-M).

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Is Acupuncture Effective in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia? Source: Journal of Family Practice, The. 48(3): 213-218. March 1999. Summary: This journal article provides health professionals with information on a study that assessed the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), identified any adverse effects, and generated hypotheses for future investigation. Researchers searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Manual Therapy Information System, the Cochrane registry, the University of Maryland Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pain, the Centralized Information Service for Complementary Medicine, and the National Institutes of Health Office of Alternative Medicine databases for the key words 'acupuncture' and 'fibromyalgia.' Conference abstracts, citation lists, and letters supplemented the search. Selected for study inclusion were all randomized or quasi randomized controlled trials or cohort studies of patients with FMS who were treated with acupuncture. Methodologic quality, sample characteristics, type of acupuncture treatment, and outcomes were extracted. Three randomized controlled trials and four cohort studies were included. Only one was of high methodologic quality. The high quality study suggests that real acupuncture is more effective than sham acupuncture for relieving pain, increasing pain thresholds, improving global ratings, and reducing morning stiffness of FMS, but the duration of benefit following the acupuncture treatment series is not known. Some patients report no benefit, and a few report an exacerbation of FMS-related pain. Lower quality studies were consistent with these findings. Booster doses of acupuncture to maintain benefit once regular treatments

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have stopped have been described anecdotally but not investigated in controlled trials. The article concludes that further high quality randomized trials are needed to provide more robust data about the effectiveness of acupuncture in FMS. 2 tables and 25 references. (AA-M). ·

Acupuncture: A History Source: Scientific Review of Alternative Medicine. 3(1): 34-41. Spring-Summer 1999. Summary: This journal article reviews the history of acupuncture and critiques its evolution from a Western scientific perspective. It traces the history of acupuncture in China from its earliest mention in documents from the second century B.C. through the early 1900's, the era of Mao Tse-tung and the Cultural Revolution, to the present. It also explores issues in assessing acupuncture within the Western scientific framework. Then, it describes how unsubstantiated reports from China during the 1970's led to a rapid increase in the popularity of acupuncture before it had been scientifically assessed. Finally, it reviews findings from modern research into the analgesic effects of acupuncture. The author concludes that the concept of ch'i has no basis in human physiology, meridians have not been shown to exist, and high-quality scientific studies have failed to demonstrate that the use of traditional Chinese acupuncture is associated with more effective pain relief than either placebo or counterirritant stimulation such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. The article has 142 references.

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Current Licensure for Acupuncture in the United States Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 5(4): 94-96. July 1999. Summary: This journal article reviews current licensure and certification standards for acupuncture in the United States. Two national organizations are responsible for certifying acupuncture training and practice. The Accreditation Commission of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine establishes accreditation criteria and evaluates curricula of acupuncture training programs. The National Certification Commission of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine certifies individuals to practice acupuncture based on established standards for educational attainment and competence. Although nationally recognized standards exist, requirements for training and licensure are independently determined by each state. Thirty-three states and the District of Columbia currently award a license in acupuncture, 16 do not, and 1 has not made an official ruling. Among physicians, 43 states recognize acupuncture within their scope of practice; 8 of these states specify requirements for additional training. This article provides a table outlining the practice regulations by state for acupuncturists, physicians, chiropractors, dentists, podiatrists, and naturopaths. It also describes typical acupuncture training curricula for physicians and chiropractors. The article has 1 table and 2 references.

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Acupuncture: Its Use in Medicine Source: Western Journal of Medicine. 171(3): 176-180. September 1999. Summary: This journal article reviews Eastern and Western perspectives on acupuncture and summarizes research into its efficacy. The first part outlines the history of acupuncture in the West, compares traditional Chinese and Western views of acupuncture's mechanism of action and reviews reports of adverse reactions from acupuncture. The second part summarizes findings from the National Institutes of Health Office of Alternative Medicine consensus panel on acupuncture, and from the authors' own review of published meta-analyses and systematic literature reviews. It

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also explores challenges in acupuncture research, including the use of classical versus formula acupuncture and the choice of an adequate placebo as a control intervention. Finally, it looks at strategies for introducing alternative medicine into the Western medical setting and reviews licensure and training requirements for acupuncturists in the United States. The article has 2 figures, 1 table, and 31 references. ·

Overview of Medical Acupuncture Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 4(3): 35-45. May 1998. Summary: This journal article provides an overview of the role of medical acupuncture in contemporary Western health care. The first section reviews the history and development of the practice of acupuncture. The second section summarizes the main concepts in classical acupuncture, and the third section discusses modern concepts incorporating current understandings of neuromuscular anatomy and pain physiology with the traditional Chinese concepts. The fourth section describes typical providerpatient interactions in medical acupuncture practice, including the physical examination, differential diagnosis, and treatment planning. The fifth section describes acupuncture treatment options, procedures, schedules, and followup evaluations. The sixth section discusses the treatment uses of medical acupuncture, including its utility for treating musculoskeletal pain, its limitations for other conditions, potential risks, preventive value, scope of practice, and complementary treatments. The last section addresses training and quality assurance in medical acupuncture, reimbursement policies, and future prospects. The article has 5 figures and 5 references.

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NIH Consensus Conference: Acupuncture Source: JAMA. Journal of the American Medical Association. 280(17): 1518-1524. November 4, 1998. Summary: This journal article presents the findings of the consensus conference on acupuncture, sponsored by the Office of Alternative Medicine and the Office of Medical Applications of Research, National Institutes of Health. The purpose of the conference was to provide clinicians, patients, and the general public with a reliable assessment of the use and effectiveness of acupuncture for a variety of conditions. A multidisciplinary panel evaluated evidence presented by experts and in the scientific literature, and developed a consensus statement addressing five issues: the efficacy of acupuncture compared with placebo or sham acupuncture, the place of acupuncture in clinical practice, the biological effects of acupuncture, the integration of acupuncture into the health care system, and directions for future research. The panel concluded that many of the efficacy studies of acupuncture provide equivocal results because of design, sample size, and other factors. The issue is further complicated by inherent difficulties in the use of appropriate controls. However, promising results have emerged showing the efficacy of acupuncture for adult postoperative and chemotherapy nausea and vomiting, and in postoperative dental pain. In other conditions such as addiction, stroke rehabilitation, headache, menstrual cramps, fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, osteoarthritis, tennis elbow, low back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and asthma, acupuncture may be useful as an adjunct treatment, an acceptable alternative, or part of a comprehensive management plan. This article has 66 references.

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Acupuncture: A Review of Its History, Theories, and Indications Source: Southern Medical Journal. 91(12): 1121-1125. December 1998.

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Summary: This journal article reviews the literature on the history, techniques, physiology, indications, adverse effects, and limitations of acupuncture. It describes six approaches to acupuncture that commonly are used in the United States: traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture, French energetics, Korean hand acupuncture, five element theory, auricular acupuncture, and myofascially-based acupuncture. It reviews neurophysiologic theories of the action of acupuncture; methodological difficulties in acupuncture research; and studies supporting the efficacy of acupuncture as a treatment for various pain syndromes, nausea, asthma, addiction, and stroke. It also identifies some of the adverse effects related to acupuncture which have been reported, and highlights studies suggesting that acupuncture may have only limited use. Finally, one of the authors describes his own personal and clinical experience with acupuncture. The article has 43 references. ·

Acceptance of Some Acupuncture Applications Source: JAMA. Journal of the American Medical Association. 278(21): 1725-1727. December 3, 1997. Summary: This journal article summarizes the findings of the National Institutes of Health consensus panel on acupuncture. After evaluating current evidence for the efficacy of acupuncture, the 12-member panel concluded that there is clear evidence of efficacy in the control of postoperative nausea and vomiting, nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and postoperative dental pain, and probably for nausea in early pregnancy. The panelists also found that the use of acupuncture, by itself or as an adjunct therapy, results in satisfactory treatment for a number of other conditions, although firm evidence of efficacy has not yet been established. The panelists concluded that more research is needed linking the use of acupuncture to physiological changes known to be associated with pain relief, and that more attention should be given to the issues involved in expanding the use of acupuncture into the health care system. In addition, the panelists noted that acupuncture has fewer side effects than many of the drugs or accepted medical procedures used for the same conditions. Finally, the panelists commended the progress the acupuncture educational community has made in establishing training and credentialing programs.

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Acupuncture in Intractable Epilepsy: Lack of Effect on Health-related Quality of Life Source: Seizure. 9(6):422-426, September 2000. Summary: Researchers investigated the effect of acupuncture and sham acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy on the health-related quality of life (QOL) in people with intractable epilepsy. They conducted a randomized, controlled trial involving two treatment arms at Norway's National Center for Epilepsy, a comprehensive epilepsy center. Participants included 34 people over age 17 years with long-standing drugresistant epilepsy. The intervention involved 20 acupuncture treatments (bilateral needling of three acupoints as well as one or two individually selected points) or sham acupuncture (bilateral needling with smaller needles of three points outside of the traditional meridians). Treatments occurred over 8 weeks. The main outcome measures were changes in mean health-related QOL scores after 8 weeks. This was measured with the 89-item Quality of Life in Epilepsy questionnaire, which was administered at baseline and after 8 weeks. Data analysis indicated that there were no differences between the two groups in score changes on any dimension of the questionnaire, despite the fact that a large number of dimensions was tested. The results also found no changes in scores on the questionnaire between baseline and 8 weeks in either of the groups. The researchers conclude that there was no significant effect of traditional acupuncture or

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sham acupuncture on the health-related QOL of people with intractable epilepsy. 3 tables, 19 references. ·

Effect of Acupuncture in Chronic Intractable Epilepsy Source: Seizure. 8(3):170-174, May 1999. Summary: Researchers examined the effect of acupuncture administered by Chinese experts on epileptic seizures in humans in a controlled clinical setting. They recruited 39 patients with chronic intractable epilepsy from the outpatient population of the National Center for Epilepsy in Norway. The effect of the acupuncture was measured by change in seizure frequency. These patients had been suffering with intractable epilepsy with a mean duration of epilepsy of 26 to 28 years. Twenty-nine patients completed the study. They were randomized in two groups: (1) 15 who were given classical acupuncture, and (2) 14 who were given sham acupuncture. In the classical acupuncture group, needles were stimulated by manual rotation or electrically with the needles functioning as electrodes. In the sham acupuncture, needles were placed at points chosen on the basis of minimum expected effect, and there was minimum manual stimulation and no electrical stimulation. Treatment time was 30 minutes, three times a week. The study time consisted of a baseline period of 8 weeks, a treatment period of 8 weeks, and a followup period of 12 weeks. There was a reduction in seizure frequency in both groups, which did not reach a level of statistical significance. There was also an increase in the number of seizure-free weeks in both groups, which reached a level of significance in the sham group. The researchers concluded that they were not able to demonstrate a beneficial effect of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic intractable epilepsy. 3 figures, 2 tables, 17 references.

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Acupuncture: A Unique Effort to Treat Periodontal Disease: Case Report Source: JADA. Journal of the American Dental Association. 132(12): 1705-1706. December 2001. Contact: Available from American Dental Association. ADA Publishing Co, Inc., 211 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611. Summary: Acupuncture, a technique for conscious sedation, was introduced as a modality for pain control in 1958 in the United States. Acupuncture has been used to treat illnesses in Asia for more than 3,000 years. This case report describes the use of acupuncture as a treatment for periodontal disease as prescribed and administered by a Korean practitioner. The patient was treated in 1991 by the insertion of multiple acupuncture needles in response to a diagnosis of 'gum pain.' Chronic, low grade discomfort, diagnosed as a symptom of the disease, disappeared after the acupuncture treatment. The patient had minimal professional care in this country since the acupuncture therapy. The patient had experienced low grade, but persistent, discomfort over the previous two years. The oral diagnosis is moderate to advanced generalized chronic periodontitis with primary occlusal trauma. The present findings tend to implicate parafunction as the etiology for the current pain and perhaps the etiology for the discomfort experienced by the patient 10 years ago. The patient understood the results of a thorough baseline dental examination, and she elected to undergo traditional therapy for advanced generalized chronic periodontitis, through interpretation and advice from her daughter. 3 figures. 14 references.

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Acupuncture: A Different Point of View? Source: Journal of Practical Hygiene. 10(6): 22-23. November-December 2001.

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Contact: Available from Montage Media Corporation. 1000 Wyckoff Avenue, Mahwah, NJ 07430-3164. (201) 891-3200. Summary: Many dental professionals are educating themselves on the benefits of alternative medicines and procedures. This article familiarizes dental hygienists with the ancient practice of acupuncture, including its use in dental care. The author considers the basic differences between diagnosis using the Western approach and that undertaken by a Chinese physician, then explores the theories that explain the mechanism of acupuncture. The author also discusses research on acupuncture, the role of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus statement on acupuncture, and the practical and dental applications of these techniques. Oral health care providers who practice acupuncture find that it helps to prevent gagging and to alleviate postoperative pain. 5 references. ·

Effect of Acupuncture on Salivary Flow Rates in Patients with Xerostomia Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 73(3): 293-298. March 1992. Summary: This article reports on a study investigating the effect of acupuncture on salivary flow rates in patients with severe xerostomia. Of 21 patients with severe xerostomia, 11 were treated with acupuncture and 10 patients received placebo acupuncture. Those patients who received acupuncture treatment showed increased salivary flow rates during and after the acupuncture treatment. The improved salivary values persisted during the observation year, whereas the patients who received placebo acupuncture showed some improvement of salivary flow rates only during the actual treatment. 1 figures. 6 tables. 13 references. (AA-M).

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Failure of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Obesity: A Pilot Study Source: Eating and Weight Disorders. 4(4):198-202. December 1999. Summary: Forty obese outpatients -- 33 women and 7 men -- were assigned randomly to an acupuncture or a placebo group and the results were compared after 12 weekly sessions. The authors collected data on Body Mass Index, eating attitudes, anxiety, depression, and quality of life at the beginning and again at the end of the study. They conclude that acupuncture does not promote weight loss and is not recommended for the treatment of obesity. It may, however, improve the psychological status of obese patients.

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Pills, Acupuncture and Chromium Picolinate Source: Obesity and Health. 6(6):110-1; November/December 1992. Contact: Healthy Living Institute, 402 S. 14th St., Hettinger, ND 58639. (701) 567-2645. Summary: This article highlights weight loss products, programs, and gadgets that promise consumers miraculous results but in fact are questionable, and even potentially unsafe. These include the marketing of Chromium Picolinate as cure for fat, a fatburning diet pill, an acupuncture devise for the ear, and fat erasers.

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Federally Funded Research on Acupuncture The U.S. Government supports a variety of research studies relating to acupuncture. These studies are tracked by the Office of Extramural Research at the National Institutes of Health.2 CRISP (Computerized Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects) is a searchable database of federally funded biomedical research projects conducted at universities, hospitals, and other institutions. Search the CRISP Web site at http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/crisp_query.generate_screen. You will have the option to perform targeted searches by various criteria, including geography, date, and topics related to acupuncture. For most of the studies, the agencies reporting into CRISP provide summaries or abstracts. As opposed to clinical trial research using patients, many federally funded studies use animals or simulated models to explore acupuncture. The following is typical of the type of information found when searching the CRISP database for acupuncture: ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE & MOXA FOR CHRONIC DIARRHEA IN HIV PTS Principal Investigator & Institution: Anastasi, Joyce K. Associate Professor; None; Columbia University Health Sciences Ogc New York, Ny 10032 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 0-SEP-1999; Project End 1-AUG-2003 Summary: (Adapted from applicant's abstract The objective of this proposal is to test alternative treatment strategies to reduce the frequency of chronic diarrhea among HIV positive individuals. 60 percent of patients with HIV disease in the U.S. will have diarrhea at some point in their illness. Although in general many of the opportunistic infections (OI's) associated with HIV have decreased due to new "drug cocktails," many of these drugs however, have diarrhea as a side effect. In Asian countries, acupuncture (including moxibustion) has been widely used for the treatment of various gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. However, there are no published studies that test treatment protocols using acupuncture or moxibustion on patients with HIV experiencing chronic diarrhea. The subjects in the proposed experiment will be 144 men and women with HIV infection who report experiencing 3 or more episodes of diarrhea (non-pathogen related) per 24 hour period for 3 weeks or more. Subjects will be randomized to one of four experimental intervention conditions: Condition 1 subjects receive true acupuncture and placebo moxibustion; Condition 3, subjects receive true moxibustion and sham acupuncture; Condition 4 (Control Group), subjects receive sham acupuncture and placebo moxibustion. Subjects in Conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4 will attend 20 scheduled sessions over 24 weeks. Week 1 is a baseline session followed by two sessions per week for weeks 2-8 (sessions 2-15), one session per week for weeks 9, 10, 11 and 12 (sessions 16, 17, 18 and 19) and a final follow-up session at week 24. All subjects will complete daily bowel movement and medication data collection diaries for the duration of the study. Measurement of quality of life and level of functioning will be taken pre-intervention (session 1), week 6 (session 10), week 12 (session 19) and week 24 (session 20). All interventions will be implemented by licensed acupuncturists trained in traditional Chinese medicine. This study is designed to assess the efficacy of two alternative medicine treatments for chronic diarrhea associated with HIV in a

Healthcare projects are funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA), Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Office of Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH).

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prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded, parallel groups study under the intent-totreat principle. True acupuncture, moxibustion, and combination therapy, in which specific meridian points are stimulated according to protocol, will be compared to each other and with the control group, with one-way ANOVA models for pre-treatment minus post-treatment difference scores for diarrhea frequency and stool consistency as the dependent measures and treatment group assignment (Conditions 1-4) as the independent variable. Average pretreatment diarrhea frequency and stool consistency scores will be entered as covariates into these models. Sample size determination for the above analysis, based on Preliminary data, with 80% power and a two-tailed type I error rate of.05% by the method of Holm (1979) and a 20% attrition factor indicates the need for 36 subjects assigned to each condition to detect a 0.95-standardized difference between the most extreme experimental conditions. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE AND COPING SKILLS TRAINING FOR COCAINE ABUSE Principal Investigator & Institution: Margolin, Arthur; Research Scientist; Psychiatry; Yale University 47 College Street, Suite 203 New Haven, Ct 065208047 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 5-SEP-1994; Project End 1-AUG-2005 Summary: (Applicant's Abstract) This competing renewal requests funds to continue our research investigating auricular acupuncture as a treatment for cocaine addiction. In the previous grant period we conducted three clinical studies enrolling 211 patients. Each study compared auricular acupuncture to two control conditions - a needle insertion control using sites in the auricle helix, and a relaxation group - under a variety of conditions, with and without a widely used psychosocial treatment (Coping Skills Training - CST) as well as financial incentives for attendance. Findings supported the efficacy of acupuncture when provided in conjunction with CST and without financial incentives. However, these studies were not designed to definitively examine the interaction between acupuncture and CST, or to determine whether acupuncture is more effective than CST delivered alone. The proposed study builds upon our previous research and will investigate two widely used treatments and their interactions acupuncture and CST - in a clinical context in which each treatment is provided by substance abuse counselors, employing a research design consistent with the need to bring research findings to clinical practice, and in which relative cost of each treatment is also considered. We propose to conduct a "Phase III" clinical trial in which 200 cocaine-abusing methadone maintained patients, all receiving standard methadone maintenance treatment, will be randomly assigned to 4 treatment conditions, each of 12 weeks duration, in a 2 (acupuncture/no acupuncture) by 2 (weekly coping skills training group/no coping skills training) factorial design. The four groups are: (a) acupuncture only (ACU); (b) coping skills training only (CST); (c) acupuncture plus coping skills training (ACU+CST); (d) standard methadone maintenance only (MM). In a second phase of the study, in order to explore the effectiveness of these treatments in preventing relapse, patients who initiate abstinence in the 12-week trial will be invited to continue their assigned treatment for 6 months. Both clinical efficacy, cost, as well as treatment/patient matching variables, will be examined. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF DSM-IV PTSD Principal Investigator & Institution: Hollifield, Michael A. Psychiatry; University of New Mexico Albuquerque Albuquerque, Nm 87131

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Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 5-SEP-2002; Project End 1-MAY-2004 Summary: (provided by applicant): This pilot study's aims are to develop a working diagnostic and treatment model of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) within a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) paradigm, and to evaluate the acceptability and potential benefit of an acupuncture approach for the treatment of PTSD symptoms. Specifically, we will evaluate: 1) the TCM diagnostic differentiation patterns of people who have PTSD as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition; 2) if an acupuncture treatment approach is acceptable to people with PTSD, measured by treatment completion rate and satisfaction; and 3) if an acupuncture treatment approach is associated with a reduction in PTSD symptoms that is comparable to the treatment effect of a standard Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) approach and better than no treatment. Because symptoms of depression, insomnia and pain are often associated with PTSD, we will also evaluate the potential benefit of an acupuncture approach on depression, insomnia and pain symptoms in people with PTSD. Analyses: A description of the TCM diagnoses for people with PTSD will be offered. Treatment completion rates between groups will be analyzed with Chi-square, and a continuous measure of satisfaction between groups will be analyzed with ANOVA on a single post-treatment measure. A group by time repeated measures ANOVA will be conducted to determine the relative effects of the Acupuncture vs. the CBT vs. the Wait-List condition, and will be reported in terms of both significance and effect sizes (Cohen's d). Significance: This pilot project will allow TCM practitioners to have a logical and empirical approach to TCM diagnosis and treatment of people who might be referred with PTSD. Further, this study will provide preliminary data about the acceptability and potential benefit of an acupuncture approach in people with PTSD symptoms. These data will be significant because: 1) there are no empirical data or consensus paradigms of a TCM acupuncture approach for the diagnosis and treatment of PTSD; and 2) these preliminary data should encourage higher powered randomized clinical trials about the effectiveness of acupuncture in PTSD and/or related anxiety disorders. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE FOR HOT FLASHES IN PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS Principal Investigator & Institution: Beer, Tomasz M. Associate Professor; Medicine; Oregon Health & Science University Portland, or 972393098 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 4-JUL-2003; Project End 0-JUN-2005 Summary: (provided by applicant): Up to 80% of men treated with androgen deprivation for prostate cancer suffer from hot flashes. Insomnia, fatigue, and irritability are often associated with hot flashes and adversely affect the quality of life for these patients. Several pharmacologic interventions can reduce hot flash frequency and intensity but have the potential for adverse effects. Acupuncture, a 23 centuries-old treatment modality, has been reported to substantially reduce hot flash frequency in 7 men treated with androgen deprivation for prostate cancer in Sweden. The study proposed here will apply validated methodology to assess the impact of acupuncture on hot flash frequency and intensity as well as hot flash related quality of life in an adequately powered phase Ii study. To extend current understanding of the physiologic changes associated with hot flashes and with acupuncture, the impact of acupuncture on serotonin and its metabolites, metabolites of brain norepinephrine, and circulating calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) will be evaluated. All three of these systems have been implicated in the pathophysiology of thermoregulatory instability associated with hot flashes. Serotonin and norepinephrine are amongst the targets of western

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pharmacologic treatment for hot flashes. Preliminary data suggest that acupuncture may mediate changes in circulating serotonin and CGRP. Promising results in this pilot trial will lead to randomized studies of acupuncture compared to pharmacologic therapy and pilot studies of acupuncture combined with western treatment. The overall goal is to provide prostate cancer patients an effective, low toxicity, non-pharmacologic treatment modality for hot flashes. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE FOR SHORTNESS OF BREATH IN CANCER PATIENTS Principal Investigator & Institution: Feinstein, Marc B. Clinical Assistant Physician; Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Res New York, Ny 10021 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 8-SEP-2001; Project End 1-AUG-2003 Summary: (provided by applicant): BACKGROUND: Shortness of breath, or dyspnea, is one of the most common symptoms experienced by patients with advanced cancer. It is particularly prevalent among breast and lung cancer patients. Curative treatment, such as tapping an effusion, is indicated for some patients but it is not always successful. There are only limited data from controlled trials on the value of pharmacologic approaches. Many patients do not respond to treatment and experience significant shortness of breath with consequent seriously impaired quality of life. Several randomized trials suggest that acupuncture may benefit conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. An uncontrolled study in advanced cancer reported immediate and clinically significant reductions in dyspnea following treatment. OBJECTIVES: We plan to conduct a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled Phase III study of acupuncture for shortness of breath in advanced cancer. Such a study would aim to determine the immediate effect of acupuncture and the short-term effects of patient-self-administered acupressure. In this proposal, we plan to pilot such a study in order to refine accrual, treatment, placebo and data management procedures, and to determine whether a controlled trial is feasible and warranted. METHODS: Forty patients with breast or lung cancer will be accrued. Treatment consists of a single acupuncture session followed by administration of semi-permanent acupuncture needles ("studs"). Patients will be instructed on applying acupressure to the studs. Assignment to true treatment or placebo will be randomized, stratified by grade of breathlessness and cancer diagnosis. Placebo treatment consists of the "Streitberger" placebo needle, a device in which the needle retracts into the handle rather than piercing the skin, and a specially designed dummy stud. These will be placed at nonacupuncture points. Subjective breathlessness will be recorded for one hour immediately preceding and following the first acupuncture treatment and then twice a day for seven days. We will conduct a Phase III study if at least 75 percent of patients provide evaluable data; if accrual is sufficiently rapid so that, after suitable sample size calculations, a controlled trial could be completed in less than four years; and if the 95 percent confidence interval for the difference between group means includes at least a 20 percent greater improvement than placebo for either acupuncture or acupressure. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE FOR SHOULDER SYNDROME AFTER CANCER SURGERY Principal Investigator & Institution: Pfister, David G.; Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Res New York, Ny 10021

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Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 3-JUN-2003; Project End 1-MAY-2005 Summary: (provided by applicant): BACKGROUND: Neck dissection is a common procedure for treatment of head and neck cancer. Removal or damage to the spinal accessory nerve can lead to "shoulder syndrome", characterized by shoulder droop, winged scapula, weak abduction, inability to shrug and a dull ache with pain localized to the shoulder. Though modified surgical procedures have been developed which spare the spinal accessory nerve, these procedures do not prevent shoulder syndrome entirely. There are no effective treatments for shoulder syndrome and many patients live with significant long-term pain and disability. Acupuncture is widely used for pain and there is evidence of its effectiveness for both acute and chronic pain disorders. These considerations warrant further research on acupuncture for shoulder syndrome following neck dissection. OBJECTIVES: 1. To determine whether a Phase III trial of acupuncture for shoulder pain and dysfunction in cancer patients treated by neck dissection is warranted; 2. To determine whether such a trial is feasible in terms of accrual rate, drop-out rate, use of off-study treatment and compliance; 3. To determine the most sensitive outcome measure; 4. To provide data necessary (or sample size calculation. METHODS: Head and neck cancer patients complaining of shoulder pain and dysfunction at least three months after lack dissection will complete two visual analog scales of shoulder pain on movement, one week apart. They will also be assessed by a physical therapist using the Constant-Murley score, a validated shoulder pain and dysfunction assessment instrument. Patients will be randomized to eight biweekly treatments of acupuncture or to no additional care. Outcome will be assessed two weeks after the end of treatment. Change in pain and Constant-Murley will be compared between groups by analysis of co-variance. At the end of the trial we will have data to address each of our aims as follows: Is a Phase III indicated? Data: Confidence interval for the difference between group means. Aim: Is a Phase III trial feasible? Data: Accrual rate; drop-out rate; compliance with treatment; use of off-study treatments. Should Constant-Murley or VAS be used? Data: Effect sizes calculated by adjusted mean difference divided by adjusted standard deviation Aim: Sample size calculation for Phase III. Data: Standard deviations, mean of control group, correlation between and within baseline and follow-up measures. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEADACHE Principal Investigator & Institution: Coeytaux, Remy R. Family Medicine; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Office of Sponsored Research Chapel Hill, Nc 27599 Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 1-JUL-2002; Project End 0-JUN-2007 Summary: (provided by applicant): Candidate: Remy Coeytaux, M.D. is an assistant professor of Family Medicine at the University of North Carolina (UNC), a doctoral student in Epidemiology, a medical acupuncturist, and a former Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar. Research career development plan: The career development plan includes coursework, tutorials, and mentored research activities to provide the candidate with further training in clinical trial methodology, acupuncture practice and research, headache research, and academic leadership. Immediate career goals: To become a productive and independent investigator who can apply rigorous research methods to the study of acupuncture, while at the same time respecting acupuncture traditions that may contribute to clinical outcomes. Long-term career goals: To become a Professor of Family Medicine who successfully integrates clinical acupuncture with conventional medical practice and research. Research projects: Project 1 is a randomized clinical trial (N=100) to assess the efficacy of acupuncture as an adjunct to medical care

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for the treatment of headache. Project 2 (N=30) will test the feasibility of a novel acupuncture comparison group that may make it possible to mask acupuncturists from subjects' treatment arm allocation. These two projects will provide preliminary data and guide the design of a subsequent R-O1 application for a "triple"-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of acupuncture for headache. Environment: Patients will be recruited from the UNC Headache Clinic, and the clinical trials will be conducted through the NIH-funded General Clinical Research Center at UNC. Mentorship: Mentorship will be provided by a team of senior-level researchers, including a leader in education of complementary and alternative medicine (Dr. Curtis), a highly-experienced family medicine researcher (Dr. Sloane), a leading expert in measurement development and evaluation (Dr. DeVellis), and an expert in biostatistics and clinical trials (Dr. Davis). Outside consultants who will assist with select aspects of the proposed activities include a renowned expert, teacher, and researcher of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Dr. Kaptchuk), an epidemiologist and health services researcher with extensive experience with clinical trials of acupuncture (Dr. Sherman), and a leading expert on chronic daily headache (Dr. Spierings). Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Principal Investigator & Institution: Middlekauff, Holly R. Assistant Professor; Medicine; University of California Los Angeles 10920 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1200 Los Angeles, Ca 90024 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 5-JUL-2001; Project End 0-JUN-2003 Summary: (provided by applicant): Acupuncture is used to lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension, and to relieve angina in patients with coronary artery disease. While the biological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia have been studied intensely in animals and humans, the biological mechanisms for modulation of the cardiovascular system in humans remain largely unexplored. Acupuncture at traditional acupoints, and at nonacupoints, decreases the blood pressure response during mental stress in normal humans. This depressor effect cannot be fully explained by a decline in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). Further, in humans with heart failure (HF) in whom MSNA is elevated, we have preliminary data that acupuncture significantly decreases the MSNA response during mental stress. The following hypotheses will be tested: 1) acupuncture, performed at traditional acupoints and non-acupoints in normal humans, stimulates skeletal muscle afferent neurons causing a release of endogenous opioids, which oppose sympathetic excitation and vasoconstriction in visceral vascular beds, such as the kidney; 2) in humans with HF in whom MSNA is elevated and renal vasoconstriction is the rule, acupuncture utilizes similar mechanisms as in normal humans to produce I exaggerated inhibition of MSNA and reflex renal vasoconstriction. Positron emission tomography and I microneurography will be utilized to answer the following questions in normal humans and patients with heart failure: 1. Is acupuncture attenuation of BP during mental stress mediated by a decrease in renal vasoconstriction? 2. Is acupuncture sympathoinhibitory? 3. Is acupuncture modulation of the autonomic nervous system during mediated by muscle afferents? 4. Is acupuncture modulation of the autonomic nervous system mediated by activation of endogenous opioids? Understanding the mechanisms of acupuncture modulation of the autonomic nervous system in humans may help clarify its role as a therapeutic modality in cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE IN THE TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION Principal Investigator & Institution: Allen, John J. Associate Professor; Psychology; University of Arizona P O Box 3308 Tucson, Az 857223308 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 0-SEP-1997; Project End 0-APR-2003 Summary: This abstract is not available. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE TO PREVENT POSTOPERATIVE PARALYTIC LLEUS Principal Investigator & Institution: Chiang, Joseph S.; University of Texas Md Anderson Can Ctr Cancer Center Houston, Tx 77030 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 5-JUN-2003; Project End 8-FEB-2005 Summary: (provided by applicant): The primary aim of this prospective randomized trial is to determine if acupuncture is effective in preventing postoperative paralytic ileus (PPI) among cancer survivors undergoing colostomy/ileostomy closure. Additional objectives are to: 1) compare post-surgical quality of life status between treatment and control groups in terms of pain, use of opioid analgesics, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, abdominal distention/fullness, activity, and sense of well-being; and 2) compare costs due to extended hospital stay and care related to ileus between patients who develop PPI and those who do not. This study will also provide preliminary data for subsequent large scale projects and serve as a basis for future research in an area where existing evidence is sparse, yet potential benefits to patient care are considerable. The treatment group will receive acupuncture with electrical stimulation twice each day for 20 minutes beginning on postoperative day 1 and ending on postoperative day 4 for a total of 8 treatments. With each treatment session, 10 needles will be placed on points LI-4, Sp-6, St-36, St-25, CV-6, and CV-12, and electroacupuncture will be applied at points LI-4 and St-36. A bowel motility index including bowel sounds, passage of flatus, bowel movement, and diet tolerance will be recorded for both groups until 72 hours after acupuncture treatments have been stopped or until hospital discharge. Information regarding pain, use of opioid analgesics, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, abdominal distention/fullness, activity, and general sense of wellbeing will be compared between groups. Time (in hours) for each bowel motility indicator (bowel sounds, passage of flatus, and bowel movement) and time to hospital discharge will be compared between groups using standard survival techniques both as Kaplan-Meier analysis and adjusting for the other measured parameters in the study using proportional hazards analyses. Contingency table methods and logistic regression will be used to determine related parameters. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: PREGNANCY

ACUPUNCTURE

TREATMENT

OF

DEPRESSION

DURING

Principal Investigator & Institution: Manber, Rachel; Associate Professor; Psychiatry and Behavioral Sci; Stanford University Stanford, Ca 94305 Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 0-SEP-1998; Project End 1-AUG-2007 Summary: (TAKEN FROM APPLICANT): Objective: The aim of the proposed randomized controlled study is to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of acupuncture treatment of depression during pregnancy. Significance: Depression is, unfortunately common during pregnancy and it has significant deleterious effects on mother and

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infant, including low birth weight, preterm delivery, and continued depression into postpartum. Few medically acceptable treatments are available for the treatment of depression during pregnancy. Our preliminary work provides evidence that acupuncture may be a safe and acceptable treatment option for depression. Specific aims: 1) to evaluate the efficacy of brief 8-week treatment with SPEC acupuncture for major depression during pregnancy relative to the two control treatments; 2) to evaluate the efficacy and clinical significance (pregnancy outcome) of continued treatment with SPEC acupuncture relative to the two control treatments; and 3) to evaluate the differential impact of treatment with SPEC acupuncture for major depression on the incidence of postpartum depression. Participants. Design: To test the efficacy of acupuncture designed specifically to address depressive symptomatology during pregnancy (SPEC) it will be compared, using random assignment, to the following 2 control conditions: 1) valid acupuncture that does not directly address depressive symptoms (NSPEC), thus controlling for the belief in the efficacy of the treatment; and 2) prenatal massage (MSSG), thus controlling for attention, physical contact, relaxation and respite from daily stress. The study includes three phases, acute, continuation and follows up. Participants: 180 participants meeting western diagnostic criteria for Major Depression with a score >: 14 on the first 17 items of the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRSD) will be randomized. The ethnic distribution of the sample will be representative of the ethnic distribution in the San Francisco Bay Area. Treatments: The acute phase of treatment consists of 16 half-hour treatment sessions delivered over 8 weeks. To consolidate treatment gains and to prevent post partum depression, participants who have full or partial response at the end of the acute phase will continue to receive the same, but less frequent, treatment until 10 weeks post partum, and will be followed up for 6 more months. Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcome measures are the HRSD and the depression portion of the SCID-IV, to be administered monthly during the treatment phases and at 3 and 6 months follow up. Other important measures include the Beck Depression Inventory (weekly), expectations (of the participants and the providers), and delivery and infant measures. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF PAIN IN PANCREATIC CANCER Principal Investigator & Institution: Cassileth, Barrie R. Chief; Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Res New York, Ny 10021 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 8-SEP-2001; Project End 1-AUG-2003 Summary: (provided by applicant): BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer affects approximately 28,000 Americans a year. Approximately 85-90 percent of these patients are first diagnosed when their disease already is locally advanced or metastatic. AT this point, median survival is three to six months. Treatment of pancreatic cancer is predominantly palliative in nature. Pain control is often the most serious challenge: the pancreas has an extensive blood, lymphatic and nerve supply and is surrounded by numerous other abdominal organs. More than 90 percent of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer experience moderate to severe pain. Several surgical and nonoperative procedures are used to palliate pancreatic pain, including blocking afferent pain fibers from the pancreas. Data on the efficacy of these approaches are limited and these interventions tend to be used only in select cases. Oncologic management with gemcitabine chemotherapy or radiotherapy reduces pain in a minority of patients. Most patients require opiates for pain control, and the high doses needed often cause undesirable sedation. Basic and clinical research supports acupuncture for the treatment of pain. A randomized trial found that acupuncture helps relieve non-malignant

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pancreatic pain, suggesting that an early phase trial of acupuncture for pancreatic cancer pain would be warranted. Objectives: To assess the effects of an acupuncture/acupressure intervention on pain, sedation and opiate medication in patients with pancreatic cancer experiencing moderate to severe pain to: i) determine whether controlled trials are warranted and ii) provide data to aid design of further warranted studies. Methods: Initially, a small number of pancreatic cancer patients reporting either high levels of pain or high levels of sedation will be treated in order to finalize the acupuncture prescription and the data collection procedures. We will then accrue patients in a standard two-stage, Phase II design. Patients will receive four sessions of a standardized acupuncture treatment with intervening acupressure over 10 days. Pain, opiate medication and sedation will be assessed for three days at baseline and post-treatment. Patients will be considered to have responded to treatment if they report a pre-specified level of improvement in either pain or sedation. Ten patients will be recruited. If less than two experience responses, the trial will be terminated. Otherwise, an additional 19 patients will be accrued. A Phase III trial will be deemed warranted if there are 6 or more responses in total; this is consistent with a 30 percent response rate. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ACUPUNCTURE/FUNCTIONAL IMAGING OF THE BRAIN Principal Investigator & Institution: Cho, Zang-Hee; Professor; Radiological Sciences; University of California Irvine Campus Dr Irvine, Ca 92697 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 1-MAY-2001; Project End 1-MAR-2003 Summary: (APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT): The ultimate goal of this proposed study is to understand the CNS mechanisms by which acupuncture treats disease. In order to accomplish this goal and to relieve suffering and illness, our long-term objectives are the following: 1) to utilize the newest technology in fMRI to demonstrate functional changes of the brain during stimulation of specific acupoints in the peripheral nervous system; 2) to study the data from real time fMRI to describe "functional circuitry" of "streaming" between areas of the CNS to gain insight into basic acupuncture mechanisms and to discover new functional relationships; 3) to develop new techniques for delineating anatomy of the peripheral nervous system in vivo to facilitate reproducibility of fMRIacupuncture research and to improve the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy; and 4) to study patients with focal cerebrovascular accidents (CVA's or strokes) of the visual cortex when using acupuncture stimulation in order to understand the effects of acupuncture on disease states as well as on normal controls, possibly giving a rationale for the use of acupuncture in the treatment of strokes. A carefully-controlled doubleblinded study of 25 normal controls will utilize real time fMRI to record neuronal activity change in the cerebral cortex during acupuncture stimulation of 12 major acupoints. The technique will include gradient echo EPI sequences and the sagittal view Z-Readout mode to avoid acoustic noise effects. The information of "functional circuitry" and "streaming" will be found in the post-processing of data using the obtained timecourse data and our more recently developed Gabor-decomposition-analysis technique. New techniques to delineate the functional anatomy of the peripheral nerves will include Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and MRI neurography in the living subject. The study of cerebral blood flow in stroke patients with pathology in only a localized area of the brain, the occipital cortex, will be compared with our work on normal controls using gradient echo EPI sequences. The results of this research will give new insight and approaches to understanding the mechanisms of acupuncture, with a

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most important windfall of improving the efficacy and specificity of a 3,000 year-old Oriental medical therapy, acupuncture. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ADJUNCTIVE ACUPUNCTURE TO TREAT BIPOLAR DEPRESSION Principal Investigator & Institution: Suppes, Patricia; Psychiatry; University of Texas Sw Med Ctr/Dallas Dallas, Tx 753909105 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 1-FEB-2001; Project End 1-JAN-2003 Summary: Complementary and alternative therapies for psychiatric disorders are increasingly popular despite the lack of rigorous scientific data addressing their safety, tolerability, or efficacy. The proposed study adds to a small but growing body of literature to evaluate acupuncture in the treatment of mood disorders. The primary aims are to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of acupuncture treatment in conjunction with psychopharmacology alone. The study will replicate methods of acupuncture diagnosis and treatment designed in a previous NIMH- funded study. The role of subjects' expectancies for acupuncture treatment will be evaluated. Patients will be randomized to either acupuncture plus stable medications (ACUP N=15) on clinical outcome or nonspecific acupuncture plus stable medications (NS ACUP N=15). Clinical contact with an acupuncturist will be equivalent for both groups (12 sessions, 8 weeks). Patients, raters, and psychiatrists will be blind to group assignment. The criteria for inclusion now require moderate (vs. mild) depression for study entry to minimize study confounds such as spontaneous improvement. Safety measures and procedures to maintain study retention have been strengthened. Acupuncture patients will meet weekly with an RA and psychiatrist to complete ratings (IDS-C, CGI-BP, YMRS, GAF) and to assess side effects and symptom severity. We will include a comparison group (TAU) of patients who met entry criteria but refused the acupuncture intervention. Those subjects will continue to receive pharmacological treatment, and retrospective chart audit will allow us to determine the degree of change expected from medication treatment alone in this sample. While clinical trials have addressed the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for unipolar depression, a unique opportunity exists to bring similar rigor to the study of acupuncture for depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder. A strength of this proposal is its replication of methodology developed and used by other researchers in a study of acupuncture in MDD. Should acupuncture demonstrate efficacy in the treatment of bipolar disorder, further studies will be proposed to evaluate its utility for maintenance and prevention. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: BIOMECHANICAL EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLING Principal Investigator & Institution: Langevin, Helene M. Assistant Professor; Neurology; University of Vermont & St Agric College 340 Waterman Building Burlington, Vt 05405 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 0-SEP-1999; Project End 1-AUG-2002 Summary: Acupuncture therapy involves the needling of specific points on the body known as acupuncture points. Proper needling elicits a characteristic response known as "de qi". Achieving de qi is considered essential to the therapeutic effect of acupuncture. De qi has a sensory component ("needling sensation")and a simultaneously occurring mechanical component ("needle grasp"). Needle grasp is characterized by a mechanical gripping of the needle by the surrounding tissue. Our long term goal is to determine what tissue components are responsible for needle grasp, and by what mechanisms they

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operate. Our fundamental hypothesis is that these mechanisms are the same as, or closely related to, those which give rise to acupuncture's therapeutic effect. Future investigations of potential mechanisms will utilize immunohistochemistry, in-situ hybridization, and 3-D reconstruction of biopsies taken before and after induction of needle grasp. Prior to attempting this, however, two more basic questions must be answered: 1)is needle grasp specific to acupuncture points, or can it be elicited equally well at all points on the body? and 2)which tissue is primarily responsible for needle grasp (connective tissue vs. skeletal muscle)? Providing a conclusive answer to these questions is the primary objective of the current work. If acupuncture points have unique physiological characteristics and can be identified by quantifying their needle grasp, this will have important implications on how future studies are carried out. We propose to quantify needle grasp by measuring the peak force required to pull out acupuncture needles ("pull out force") inserted at acupuncture points and control points in 80 normal human volunteers. Needling operations will be carried out by a computer controlled device, eliminating potential investigator bias. All needling parameters (needle insertion speed, insertion depth, etc.) will be consistent with clinical practice. We will also study varying dwell times after insertion and different types of needle manipulation. We will correlate pull out force with depth of needle insertion into muscle and subcutaneous tissue. This will allow us to determine which tissue is most responsible for needle grasp. Our ultimate goal is to determine the relationship between the local tissue response to needling and the therapeutic effect of acupuncture. This will contribute to the fundamental understanding of acupuncture therapy and may lead to improvements in treatments. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: CLINICAL HYPERTENSION

TRIAL

OF

ACUPUNCTURE

FOR

TREATING

Principal Investigator & Institution: Kalish, Leslie A.; New England Research Institutes, Inc. 9 Galen St Watertown, Ma 02472 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 1-JUN-2000; Project End 1-MAY-2004 Summary: Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that lowering blood pressure (BP) can translate into reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Yet many hypertensive individuals are inadequately treated, in part because of the costs and side effects associated with conventional medical therapies. Alternative treatment strategies which can provide hypertension control would be welcomed by many. This randomized controlled clinical trial will evaluate the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture for treating mild to moderate hypertension. Eligible patients must be free of antihypertensive medication for at least 4 weeks prior to randomization. After a screening period to identify patients who satisfy key eligibility criteria, including having BP in the target range, 900 patients will be stratified by antihypertensive medication history and allocated randomly to one of three acupuncture treatment groups, each delivered weekly for 12 weeks: 1)Standardized Acupuncture, 2)Traditional Chinese Medicine (Individualized) Acupuncture, or 3)a placebo (Sham Acupuncture) Control group. The treatment group assignment will be blinded to everyone except those administering the treatment. Outcome data will be blinded to those administering the treatment. The primary endpoint will be change in systolic BP, adjusted for baseline level, from baseline to 4 months post-randomization. (Parallel analyses will be performed for diastolic BP.) 300 patients per treatment group will assure high statistical power for detecting small group differences in hypertension control. All patients will be followed for 12 months following randomization, with BP monitored frequently,

Studies 21

including pre and post treatment measurements at selected treatment visits to assess short-term effects. The entire 12-month trajectories of systolic and diastolic BP will also be modeled in order to investigate how quickly treatment differences may appear, and the duration of any such effect. In addition, use of conventional medical treatments will be monitored in order to test whether acupuncture reduces the need to introduce or resume pharmacologic treatment. Changes in quality of life will be assessed and compared across treatment groups. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: CLINICAL HYPERTENSION

TRIAL

OF

ACUPUNCTURE

FOR

TREATING

Principal Investigator & Institution: Macklin, Eric A.; New England Research Institutes, Inc. 9 Galen St Watertown, Ma 02472 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 1-JUN-2000; Project End 0-NOV-2003 Summary: Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that lowering blood pressure (BP) can translate into reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Yet many hypertensive individuals are inadequately treated, in part because of the costs and side effects associated with conventional medical therapies. Alternative treatment strategies which can provide hypertension control would be welcomed by many. This randomized controlled clinical trial will evaluate the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture for treating mild to moderate hypertension. Eligible patients must be free of antihypertensive medication for at least 4 weeks prior to randomization. After a screening period to identify patients who satisfy key eligibility criteria, including having BP in the target range, 900 patients will be stratified by antihypertensive medication history and allocated randomly to one of three acupuncture treatment groups, each delivered weekly for 12 weeks: 1)Standardized Acupuncture, 2)Traditional Chinese Medicine (Individualized) Acupuncture, or 3)a placebo (Sham Acupuncture) Control group. The treatment group assignment will be blinded to everyone except those administering the treatment. Outcome data will be blinded to those administering the treatment. The primary endpoint will be change in systolic BP, adjusted for baseline level, from baseline to 4 months post-randomization. (Parallel analyses will be performed for diastolic BP.) 300 patients per treatment group will assure high statistical power for detecting small group differences in hypertension control. All patients will be followed for 12 months following randomization, with BP monitored frequently, including pre and post treatment measurements at selected treatment visits to assess short-term effects. The entire 12-month trajectories of systolic and diastolic BP will also be modeled in order to investigate how quickly treatment differences may appear, and the duration of any such effect. In addition, use of conventional medical treatments will be monitored in order to test whether acupuncture reduces the need to introduce or resume pharmacologic treatment. Changes in quality of life will be assessed and compared across treatment groups. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: CNS AUTONOMIC REGULATION BY ELECTROACUPUNCTURE Principal Investigator & Institution: Longhurst, John C. Professor; Medicine; University of California Irvine Campus Dr Irvine, Ca 92697 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 0-SEP-2000; Project End 1-JUL-2003 Summary: (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): Acupuncture is an effective therapeutic modality in Eastern cultures, but has not achieved widespread recognition as a useful

22 Acupuncture

therapeutic option in Western medicine. In addition to its use in pain and anesthesia, electro-acupuncture (EA) has been used in hypertension, hypotension, angina and cardiac arrhythmias. Recently, the Pl's laboratory has begun to explore the physiological basis of EA. An initial study demonstrated that low frequency EA ameliorates myocardial ischemia by reducing myocardial oxygen demand in a feline model of reversible ischemia. In this model, stimulation of gallbladder chemosensitive afferent nerve endings reflexly increased arterial blood pressure, and augmented myocardial oxygen demand, which outstripped coronary blood supply following partial coronary ligation. Concurrent stimulation of the median nerves underlying the Neiguan acupoints reduced myocardial ischemia, measured as a reduction in regional wall thickening. A second study employing EA suggests a role of the endogenous opiate system in the rostral ventral lateral medulla (rVLM). Preliminary data from the Pl's laboratory indicate that the rVLM and periaqueductal gray (PAG) mediate the interaction between visceral (gallbladder) and somatic (EA) afferent nerve stimulation, and suggest a role for mu- and delta-opioid receptors. Also, the Pl has demonstrated in preliminary studies the ability to identify cells in the rVLM that receive convergent input from the greater splanchnic nerve (supplying the gallbladder) and the median nerve. Five hypotheses are now proposed: 1 ) The order of potency for the blood pressure-lowering effect of EA will be mu-equal to or greater than delta-greater than kappa-opioid receptors; 2) Non-NMDA excitatory amino acid receptors are responsible for stimulation of its neuronal subpopulation; 3) EA of Neiguan produces post-synaptic inhibition of an excitatory input to these neurons; 4) The ventrolateral PAG participates in EA modulation of reflex autonomic responses through an opioid mechanism and by influencing sympathoexcitatory rVLM neurons; and 5) Deep but not superficial somatic nerves underlying specific acupoints provide convergent input into rVLM and PAG neurons, and, through an opioid mechanism, modulate neuronal activity. Studies will be conducted in anesthetized cats whose rVLM and PAG are approached stereotaxically for extracellular recording and to deliver pharmacologic antagonists and agonists. Collaboration with both US and Chinese authorities on central neural electrophysiological and acupuncture research will significantly contribute to the ability to accomplish this investigation. By demonstrating the central neural mechanisms underlying this clinically beneficial modification of a cardiovascular reflex response by EA, scientists and clinicians will have a better understanding that will likely aid in acceptance and use of this alternative therapy. The Pl indicates that this project has important clinical implications. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON BONE CANCER PAIN IN MICE Principal Investigator & Institution: Zhang, Ruixin; Family Medicine; University of Maryland Balt Prof School Baltimore, Md 21201 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 1-AUG-2003; Project End 1-JUL-2005 Summary: (provided by applicant): Cancer pain, particularly bone cancer pain, is a major symptom that significantly affects the quality of life of cancer patients. Clinical trials have demonstrated that acupuncture can alleviate cancer pain, but as yet evidence from basic scientific research is absent. An animal model of femur bone cancer pain, which mimics clinical cancer pain, has been established in our lab. We propose to use this model to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoint G30 (Huan Tiao) on femoral cancer pain. The proposed hypotheses are: 1) EA of acupoint G30 at the optimal sets of parameters will significantly inhibit femur bone cancer-induced hyperalgesia. 2) Activity of the central neurons during cancer pain will

Studies 23

be modulated by EA. The specific aims of this proposal are: Aim I: Evaluate the effects of EA on cancer-induced thermal hyperalgesia by measuring hindpaw withdrawal latency. Various combinations of frequencies (10 and 100 Hz) and stimulation durations (10, 15, 20 min) at the maximum tolerable electrical current of 1 mA will be administered to study the anti-hyperalgesic effects of EA in a mouse model of bone cancer pain. Aim II- Determine the optimal treatment protocol. With the optimal sets of parameters determined in Aim I, various EA treatment regimens will be conducted to establish how often treatments should be administered to achieve the greatest anti-hyperalgesic effects. Aim lll: Investigate the central mechanisms of action of EA on cancer pain. The modulation of EA on the activities of central neurons in the spinal cord will be investigated by characterizing Fos protein and dynorphin peptide expression with immunohistochemical staining. These studies will advance our knowledge of EA in control and management of cancer pain and provide useful information for designing future clinical trials using optimal EA parameters for patients with cancer pain. These studies will set a stage for further studying the mechanisms of EA in the control and management of cancer pain. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON GASTRIC MOTILITY IN RATS Principal Investigator & Institution: Takahashi, Toku; Associate Professor; Surgery; Duke University Durham, Nc 27706 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 1-JUL-2003; Project End 1-MAR-2005 Summary: (provided by applicant): Acupuncture has been used to treat gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in China for more than 3,000 years. However, the mechanism of beneficial effects of acupuncture still remains unknown. Our recent studies have shown that acupuncture to the abdomen caused a transient relaxation of the stomach, while the acupuncture to the hind limb caused a transient contraction in thiobutabarbital (Inactin)-anesthetized rats. Gastric relaxations induced by acupuncture to the abdomen were abolished by guanethidine, propranolol, hexamethonium, splanchnic ganglenectomy, but not by vagotomy. In contrast, gastric contractions induced by acupuncture to the hind limb were abolished by atropine, hexamethonium and vagotomy, while splanchnic ganglenectomy and guanethidine had no effects. Both of acupuncture-induced gastric relaxations and contractions were abolished by spinomedullary transection, but not by pontomedullary transection, suggesting the mediation via the brain stem. It is suggested that gastric relaxations and contractions induced by acupuncture are mediated via the somato-sympathetic and somato-parasympathetic neural pathway, respectively. We will study whether acupuncture to the hind limb stimulates c-Fos expression at the dorsal motor nucleus of vagi (DMV), neural activity of vagal efferent and ACh release from the gastric wall. Acupuncture of the lower extremity has been used to treat the patients with anorexia and postoperative ileus in China. Our preliminary study demonstrated that acupuncture to the hind limb potentiates gastric contractions and accelerates solid gastric emptying in conscious rats. It has been demonstrated that gastric emptying is delayed in diabetic rats and that the origin of the delayed gastric emptying was implied to be because of impaired vagal tone. We will study whether acupuncture improves impaired gastric emptying in diabetic rats. Although the mechanism of postoperative ileus still remains unclear, the possibility of reduced vagal tone and increased sympathetic tone has been suggested. We will study whether acupuncture shortens the period of postoperative ileus in rats. This study would provide beneficial information for patients with gastroparesis and postoperative ileus.

24 Acupuncture

Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON PAIN,NAUSEA,QUALITY OF LIFE Principal Investigator & Institution: Rosenthal, David S.; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 44 Binney St Boston, Ma 02115 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 8-SEP-2001; Project End 8-FEB-2004 Summary: (provided by applicant): Over the past several decades, an increasing number of the US public are using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to maintain or improve health and well being. It is estimated that within the US alone, the use of CAM has grown 380 percent since 1990 and that the public is now spending billions of dollars per year for these therapies. A large percentage of the practice and use of these methods is focused on cancer. Whether the CAM use is aimed at reducing one's risk of developing cancer or improving the quality of life of a cancer patient during treatment or at the end of life, the public focus on CAM and cancer has created a driving force for cancer centers to address the efficacy and science of these methods. At the Dana Farber Cancer Institute, CAM clinical services have been established and integrated within the oncology practice. Acupuncture, massage therapy, Reiki, spirituality programs, mind body techniques, herbal consults and a number of other clinical programs are offered through the newly established Zakim Center for Integrated Therapies. The issues of palliative care in the end of life of a cancer patient are extremely important as currently, the majority of cancer patients do not receive adequate palliative care. In this proposal, we are addressing the use of' acupuncture by traditional Chinese clinicians to address the quality of life and symptoms of patients with incurable cancer. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in the treatment of pain and nausea and has also been shown to improve one's general well being. Acupuncture has some effectiveness in anxiety and depression as well. We seek to determine if studying such an intervention be feasible in ambulatory patients at the end of life? The study population will be women with recurrent metastatic ovarian cancer and similar patients with advanced cancer who are ambulatory and receiving conventional palliative care. These patients will continue to receive high quality conventional clinical interventions, including chemotherapy and pain and symptom reduction programs, but in addition receive acupuncture. Evaluation tools such as Satisfaction with Life Domains Scale for Cancer (SLDS-C), Brief Pain Inventory and Rotterdam Symptom Check List will be piloted to determine appropriate end points of the study as well as the feasibility of end of life patients completing the surveys. The Behavioral Research Center of the American Cancer Society will provide additional in-kind support for data analysis and evidence of effectiveness of Quality of Life measures for end of life evaluation. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: EFFICACY OF ACUPUNCTURE FOR CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN Principal Investigator & Institution: Cherkin, Daniel C.; Center for Health Studies 1730 Minor Ave, Ste 1600 Seattle, Wa 98101 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 5-MAY-2003; Project End 1-JAN-2008 Summary: (provided by applicant): A 5-arm multi-site randomized controlled trial is proposed to clarify the extent to which acupuncture needling can diminish the effect of chronic low back pain on patient functioning and symptoms. Reviews have noted the poor quality of research in this area and urged that scientifically rigorous studies be conducted. Recent higher quality trials suggest acupuncture is a promising treatment for back pain. This study directly addresses methodological shortcomings that have

Studies 25

plagued previous studies. Specific aims are to determine, for chronic low back pain, if: 1) acupuncture is more effective than placebo acupuncture, 2) individualized acupuncture is more effective than standardized acupuncture, 3) acupuncture is more effective when needles are inserted in acupuncture points believed effective for chronic low back pain than when needles are inserted in points considered ineffective for chronic low back pain, 4) acupuncture is more effective than usual medical care alone. A total of 1100 subjects (220 per arm) with low back pain lasting at least 3 months will be recruited from group model HMOs in Seattle, Oakland, and Honolulu. They will be randomized to one of two forms of Traditional Chinese Medical acupuncture needling (individualized or standardized), one of two "control" groups (simulated acupuncture or needling of ineffective points), or to continued usual medical care. Ten treatments will be provided over 7 weeks. The primary outcomes, dysfunction and bothersomeness of low back pain, will be measured at baseline, and after 3, 8, 26 and 52 weeks by telephone interviewers masked to treatment. Analysis of covariance within an intention-to-treat context will be used to analyze the data. Because chronic back pain is a major public health problem and the top reason patients seek acupuncture treatment, a clear, unambiguous assessment is critical for making informed decisions about whether acupuncture should be included as part of conventional care for back pain or covered by insurance. Results of this study will provide the clearest evidence to date about the value of acupuncture needling as a treatment for chronic low back pain. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: EFFICACY OF ACUPUNCTURE WITH PT FOR KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS Principal Investigator & Institution: Farrar, John T. Senior Scholar; Anesthesia; University of Pennsylvania 3451 Walnut Street Philadelphia, Pa 19104 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 5-JUL-2001; Project End 1-MAR-2006 Summary: Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese technique of using a fine needle to stimulate points along theoretical meridians of energy to correct imbalances thought to be responsible for specific disease states. In the United States, acupuncture is often used for the treatment of painful conditions. The 1997 NIH Consensus Conference concluded that there was adequate evidence of efficacy in an acute dental pain model and in nausea. In chronic pain, most studies were too small, poorly designed, poorly executed, or improperly controlled to adequately demonstrate that needle acupuncture worked better than sham acupuncture, placebo, standard medical therapy, or even no treatment. Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee has been proposed as a good model to test the efficacy of acupuncture in a chronic pain condition because it is an extremely common, well defined, and disabling condition with well established outcome measures for symptoms and functional status. There is clinical trial evidence of efficacy for the standard treatments of acetaminophen and NSAIDs, and exercise physical therapy (EPT), which is usually added when the patient develops functional limitations. One high quality study of acupuncture for knee OA, demonstrated moderate benefit in an unblinded comparison to a usual care control group. As such, a major question remains about whether acupuncture, used in addition to exercise therapy, will provide a clinically meaningful improvement in pain and function. Since pain can be the primary limiting factor in improved exercise capacity, if acupuncture has any efficacy in reducing the pain of knee OA, then the combination with an EPT program should be substantially more effective than EPT alone. Another major concern is that the effect of the acupuncture may be predominantly mediated by nonspecific placebo effects rather than the specific effects of the placement of a needle. Another important component of

26 Acupuncture

this proposal is our use of a validated blinded placebo needle instead of sham acupuncture points. Therefore, the primary goal of this proposal is to use a properly designed randomized blinded clinical trial, using American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended outcome measures, to determine whether the addition of acupuncture to standard EPT provides an overall clinically important benefit to patients with symptomatic knee OA compared to placebo acupuncture. As a secondary goal, we will use the clinical trial data to develop prognostic and etiologic models for the patients that are most likely to respond to acupuncture. If a clinically important benefit for acupuncture is found, a broader application of this technique would be justified. However, if the results are negative, then the addition of acupuncture to EPT should be generally curtailed. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: ELECTROACUPUNCTURE FOR MAJOR DEPRESSION: A PILOT STUDY Principal Investigator & Institution: Mulsant, Benoit H. Psychiatry; University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh 350 Thackeray Hall Pittsburgh, Pa 15260 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 8-SEP-2003; Project End 1-MAY-2005 Summary: (provided by applicant): Major depression is a common and serious mental illness. It is associated with a markedly lower quality of life, significant functional impairment, and premature death due to suicide or comorbid physical illness. Over the past 50 years, effective and safe treatments for major depression have been developed, including antidepressant pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive therapy. However, many Americans who suffer from a depressive disorder either do not accept to receive one of these conventional treatments or do not complete an adequate course of treatment. A growing number of Americans with depression are choosing to be treated with complementary and alternative therapies. Acupuncture, in particular, is increasingly being used to treat depression even though only limited data support its safety and efficacy. The proposed pilot study builds upon the complementary expertise of a group of investigators of conventional antidepressant treatments and a group of practitioners of alternative medicine. It will use a randomized parallel-group design to compare the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of electroacupuncture (EA) and sham electroacupuncture (SA) for the treatment of major depression. Over a 15-month period, 60 adult outpatients with a major depressive disorder of mild or moderate severity (as defined by the DSM-IV) will be randomized to either 12 sessions of EA or SA to be provided over 6 weeks. Safety and symptomatic improvement (as measured with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression) will constitute the primary outcome measures. Tolerability and functional improvement will constitute secondary outcome measures. The data generated by this pilot project will be used to support the feasibility of conducting, and inform the design of, a large multicenter study comparing the efficacy of two forms of acupuncture with a conventional treatment for depression. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: FMRI AND OPIOID NEUROIMAGING OF ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA Principal Investigator & Institution: Gollub, Randy L. Assistant Professor of Psychiatry; Massachusetts General Hospital 55 Fruit St Boston, Ma 02114 Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 1-JUL-2002; Project End 0-APR-2004

Studies 27

Summary: (provided by applicant): This multimodality functional neuroimaging (PET and fMRI) study investigates the neurobiological basis of acupuncture analgesia. It is submitted in response to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine's call for R21 applications to investigate areas of specific interest to this institute. The goal of this application is to use a double-blind, sham-controlled experimental paradigm in a single cohort to determine both fMRI signal change during acupuncture administration and during acute noxious stimulation before and after acupuncture treatment and to perform quantitative characterization of endogenous opioid peptide release during acupuncture treatment. To accomplish this goal we will harness the power of high field, rapid acquisition fMRI to yield the high spatial and temporal resolution maps necessary for in-depth characterization of neuronal responses. We will use our novel magnet-compatible, mechanical and thermal stimulators to deliver noxious stimuli with precise timing and on-line psychophysical assessments to investigate the mechanism of pain intensity encoding and how this encoding is affected by acupuncture treatment. We will utilize PET and [11C]diprenorphine at baseline and during acupuncture to quantitate opioid receptor binding and thus indirectly measure endogenous opioid peptide release. We will determine in which brain regions opioid binding changes correlate with analgesia. Finally we will determine the relation between acupuncture-associated changes in endogenous opioid peptide release and the pattern of neuronal activity changes as evidenced in fMRI signal changes in specific brain regions. We have built into our study design the collection of physiological data in order to help bridge the findings from these experiments to both clinical practice and other, non-neuroimaging research studies. This application also responds to a recent Program Announcement, PA-99-021 that calls for efforts to "investigate both pharmacological and behavioral interventions to prevent pain". This application specifically directs efforts to address the needs outlined in that PA by refining neuroimaging paradigms for the study of functional correlates of pain perception. The proposed experiments will explore basic mechanisms of the conscious perception of pain and the affective responses to pain and attempt to elucidate the central nervous system mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia. This application in addition addresses another recent Program Announcement, PA-98-102 that calls for expansion of research on neuroimaging of pain, including analytical techniques for the study of structural and functional correlates of pain perception, particularly for diagnostic purposes. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: FUNCTIONAL MRI OF REAL AND SHAM ACUPUNCTURE Principal Investigator & Institution: Parrish, Todd B. Professor; Northwestern University Office of Sponsored Programs Chicago, Il 60611

Radiology;

Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 8-FEB-2001; Project End 1-DEC-2002 Summary: (Applicant's Abstract): In this project, we propose to investigate the brain's response to acupuncture, an ancient Eastern medical method, by using a modern neuroimaging technology. Recent developments in the field of functional neuroimaging enable us to noninvasively measure blood oxygenation changes in response to a stimulus. The MR signal changes in conjunction with an appropriate statistical model can be used to detect and localize brain activation. Therefore, it is possible to measure the brain's response to acupuncture and identify the anatomic centers involved in this process. Our preliminary data of visual and auditory acupuncture point stimulation demonstrates increased activation in the associated cortices. The overall goals of this project are 1) to validate and characterize acupuncture-induced brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging, 2) to characterize the brain's response to

28 Acupuncture

different types of sham acupuncture points compared to real acupuncture points. Acupuncture is becoming more popular in Western society for medical treatment, as evidenced by the 15 million Americans who have reported treatment with acupuncture in the last year [Chicago Tribune, 2/ 11/99]. The World Health Organization reports that there are approximately 10,000 acupuncture specialists in the U.S., and an estimated 3,000 practicing acupuncturists are physicians. In 1993 the Food and Drug Administration reported that Americans were spending $500 million per year on acupuncture treatment. Nevertheless, a scientific understanding of the neuroanatomical centers involved and the method of treatment will be necessary for the widespread medical acceptance of acupuncture. In addition, since functional magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive, whole brain method used to visualize cortical activation, a clearer understanding of the neural substrate associated with acupuncture is likely to provide considerable insights into acupuncture treatment. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: MECHANISMS OF ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA Principal Investigator & Institution: Harris, Richard E. Internal Medicine; University of Michigan at Ann Arbor 3003 South State, Room 1040 Ann Arbor, Mi 481091274 Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 5-SEP-2002; Project End 1-JUL-2007 Summary: (adapted from the application): Pain is one of the major complaints of those seeking professional healthcare. Although recent advances have been made in pharmacological and invasive approaches to relief pain, many patients suffering pain chose alternative healing modalities, such as acupuncture. This application focuses on determining the neurobiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia (the relief of pain) in people who suffer from fibromyalgia (FM), a chronic pain condition. All proposed work will occur at the University of Michigan. The first year of funding of this proposed K award would coincide with the final year of funding of the R01 grant, allowing an opportunity to use both the research subjects and information from the existing grant to obtain preliminary data for the remainder of the K award. During the first two years of the K award, the applicant will: 1) establish the ideal conditions for acupuncture induced analgesia, and 2) begin to elucidate the mechanisms of acupuncture induced analgesia by using both psychophysical and fMRI experiments. In the final three years of the K award, the applicant will focus on the techniques that show the most promise for elucidating neural mechanisms underlying the analgesia. Comparisons will be drawn between analgesia of patient?s clinical spontaneous pain as well as evoked pain. In addition to clinical research experience, the applicant will attend didactic lectures, seminars, and conferences designed to increase his knowledge of clinical research. Although the applicant already has training in acupuncture and a strong basic research training in neuroscience, this career development program is designed to allow the Candidate to become a successful independent clinical investigator. There is a strong institutional commitment to see the applicant succeed in this task due to a tremendous need for well-trained clinical investigators in alternative and complementary medicine. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: MODULATORY EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON HUMAN BRAIN ACTIVITY Principal Investigator & Institution: Hui, Kathleen K.; Massachusetts General Hospital 55 Fruit St Boston, Ma 02114

Studies 29

Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 1-JUL-2002; Project End 0-APR-2004 Summary: (provided by applicant): Acupuncture is emerging as an important modality in complementary medicine. Its mechanism of action remains unclear. Given the modulatory action of acupuncture on many mental and physiological functions, we hypothesize that its effects are mediated via the limbic system and its closely related structures in the cortex and brainstem, a widely connected network that is involved in the regulation of mood, behavior and functions of multiple physiological systems. We shall employ the powerful and noninvasive fMRI technique (BOLD) to monitor the central effects of manual acupuncture at commonly used acupuncture points on normal human subjects. An initial study using LI 4 on the hand demonstrated quantifiable and regionally specific signal changes that indicate modulatory effects on limbic, paralimbic and subcortical gray structures. The effects were not observed in control tactile stimulation and were distinct from response to pain (Hui et al, 00, 01). We propose a new study that will encompass the whole brain in order to demonstrate that limbic related regions in the cortex and brainstem will respond in a similar manner. We shall compare the central effects of acupuncture points of different meridians (specific routes of acupuncture points) and of different segmental innervations to determine the regional specificity of limbic and somatosensory areas. Furthermore, we shall use a special technique that targets the brainstem to examine effects on the descending antinociceptive pathway. The studies are aimed at the beginning of imaging neuroscience-based investigation of the central effects of acupuncture and will provide a scientific basis for the understanding of the therapeutic potentials of this ancient healing technique. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: PATIENT-PROVIDER ACUPUNCTURE

INTERACTION

&

RESPONSE

TO

Principal Investigator & Institution: Suarez-Almazor, Maria; Associate Professor; Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine 1 Baylor Plaza Houston, Tx 77030 Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 6-SEP-2002; Project End 1-AUG-2006 Summary: (provided by applicant): The association of positive patient expectations with placebo responses is well recognized. However, the potential role of health care providers' behavior in modeling these expectations has not been adequately established, The overall goal of this proposal is to describe and quantify placebo effects in a trial of acupuncture for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. No previous studies have scientifically evaluated the effects of communicative style in providers of alternative and complementary medicine, and tile placebo response that may result. This proposal will examine placebo responses in the context of practitioner-patient interactions at the time of the acupuncture treatment. The study will have three phases: Phase 1 will include a qualitative component to determine potential patient-related determinants of placebo response, such as beliefs and expectations towards treatment of knee OA with acupuncture, in phase 2 we will develop and test an instrument to measure evaluate outcome and self efficacy expectations. Phase 3 will be a nested RCT to evaluate practitioner-patient interactions and placebo responses. The experimental design will include two stages or randomization. Patients will initially be randomized to one of two different structures of practitioner-patient interaction. Acupuncture practitioners will be trained to behave following semi-structured communicative styles, including traditional approaches in Chinese Medicine, and techniques previously described in patient-doctor communication studies. Within each of these groups patients will be further randomized to receive acupuncture or sham acupuncture. In addition there will be a

30 Acupuncture

natural control group (waiting list group), in which patients will be offered acupuncture three months after study entry. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: PERIMENOPAUSAL ACUPUNCTURE

SYMPTOMS

MANAGEMENT

WITH

Principal Investigator & Institution: Cohen, Susan M.; Yale University 47 College Street, Suite 203 New Haven, Ct 065208047 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001 Summary: We propose to test the use of acupuncture for menopausal symptom relief for women who experience menopause following treatment for breast cancer. The study is designed to test the effect of acupuncture on the menopausal symptom of hot flashes, explore the anticipated treatment benefit of acupuncture on menopausal symptoms of mood changes, sleep disturbances, loss of concentration, joint pain, headache and nervousness as well as changes in ovarian hormones and quality of life, and increase the knowledge base concerning the effectiveness of alternative/complementary health practices. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: RELAXATION RESPONSE WITH ACUPUNCTURE FOR HIV PATIENTS Principal Investigator & Institution: Chang, Bei H. Health Services; Boston University Medical Campus 715 Albany St, 560 Boston, Ma 02118 Timing: Fiscal Year 2003; Project Start 1-JUN-2003; Project End 8-FEB-2005 Summary: (provided by applicant): Although recent changes in HIV/AIDS treatment have resulted in dramatic declines in morbidity and mortality nationwide, disease management and quality of life among HIV/AIDS patients continue to be of concern. HIV/AIDS patients experience a range of symptoms associated with clinical manifestations of the disease, opportunistic infections, and medication side effects, all of which are strongly associated with quality of life (QoL). Many HIV/AIDS patients use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to help alleviate their symptoms and to improve their QoL. Among the various CAMs, acupuncture and relaxation response are commonly used regimens. These two therapies are thought to share common features and can complement each other in that acupuncture facilitates the effect of relaxation response and on the other hand relaxation response prepares the body to be more accessible to acupuncture. The clinical effects of each of these two therapies alone have been shown in numerous studies. However, no study has investigated the combined effects of these two regimens. We therefore propose an exploratory study to test the feasibility of conducting a double blind 2-arm controlled trial and to collect pilot data in preparation for a large-scale study to fully test the hypothesis that adding relaxation response to acupuncture will have an enhanced effect in HIV+ patients. For this pilot study, we will recruit 100 HIV+ patients who are currently receiving acupuncture. Study participants in the intervention group will listen to tapes with instructions to elicit the relaxation response as well as music routinely played while receiving acupuncture. Study participants in the control group will receive usual care that is listening to music while receiving acupuncture. Study participants in both groups will be given the respective tapes for home practice and they are asked to record the frequency of usage. We will assess both groups' symptoms and quality of life at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and upon completion of the intervention at 12 weeks. We will assess the feasibility using

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various indicators, including patient evaluation of the study. Ultimately, the qualitative analysis of patients' study evaluation as well as the longitudinal regression analysis results that compare the outcomes between the intervention and control groups will be used to help design a future large-scale study of the relaxation response intervention among HIV+ patients treated with acupuncture. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen ·

Project Title: THE USE OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE TO MODULATE AROUSAL Principal Investigator & Institution: Garcia-Rill, Edgar E. Director; Anatomy; University of Arkansas Med Scis Ltl Rock 4301 W Markham St Little Rock, Ar 72205 Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 1-APR-2001; Project End 1-DEC-2002 Summary: (APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT): The vertex-recorded midlatency auditory evoked P50 potential is a measure of the output of the reticular activating system (RAS). This rapidly-habituating, sleep state-dependent potential is present during waking and paradoxical sleep but absent during slow-wave sleep, i.e. is present only during cortical EEC "desynchronization" or arousal. The amplitude of the P50 potential is decreased in narcolepsy and autism, that is, in diseases in which there appears to be downregulation of the output of the RAS. Using a paired stimulus paradigm, sensory gating of the P50 potential (the ability to habituate to or "filter" repetitive stimuli) can be assessed. There is a deficit in sensory gating of this potential in schizophrenia and anxiety disorders, that is, it diseases in which there appears to be an upregulation of the output of the RAS. We have preliminary data suggesting that electroacupuncture (EA) applied at three specific points may modulate the manifestation of the P50 potential. In a small number of subjects, we found that stimulation using needles was as effective a., stimulation using surface electrodes (an important innovation in the therapeutic use of EA), that stimulation a low frequencies may be more efficacious than stimulation at medium or high frequencies, that stimulation at only two of these points or three unrelated "control" points may be ineffective, and that using multiple episodes o1 stimulation may have additive effects in modulating P50 potential amplitude, suggesting important clinical applications in a number of disorders. The proposed feasibility studies will use larger samples of subjects comparing male vs female, and Caucasian vs African-American, populations to determine with sufficient power that a statistically significant effect on the amplitude of the P50 potential is present or absent under each of these experimental conditions. In addition, sensory gating of the P50 potential will be assessed for each experiments condition, allowing predictions of the effects of such treatment on either the initial manifestation (amplitude o1 the P50 potential induced by the first stimulus of a pair) or the sensory gating (ratio of the amplitudes of the PM potentials induced by the paired stimuli) of this non-invasive measure of RAS function. It may be possible in the future, to use this novel treatment methodology as an adjunct/replacement therapy for disorders of arousal, especially if the effects of multiple episodes of stimulation can be found to affect amplitude and/or sensory gating of the P50 potential for prolonged periods of time. However, the optimal stimulation sites and paradigms muse be identified and proven effective, first, in control populations, and later, in pathological populations. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

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Project Title: TRIAL OF ACUPUNCTURE FOR CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME Principal Investigator & Institution: Weinstein, Arthur; Research Professor; Medicine; George Washington University 2121 I St Nw Washington, Dc 20052

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Timing: Fiscal Year 2001; Project Start 4-MAY-1999; Project End 1-JUL-2002 Summary: This research tests the feasibility of studying traditional Chinese acupuncture in the context of a large, randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT). The major specific aim of this pilot study is to demonstrate that using a "single blind-mute" methodology, true and sham acupuncture can be administered in a standardized and unbiased fashion. The condition to be studied is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), a common, well delineated syndrome causing hand pain with characteristic clinical and objective electrodiagnostic findings. Other aims of this study are: 1) to identify and standardize the most appropriate sham acupuncture points for CTS, 2) to develop a manual which standardizes the administration of true and sham acupuncture that cna be used at any study site performing an RTC, 3) to demonstrate that patient recruitment for and retention in an RCT of acupuncture for CTS us sufficient to justify a full-scale RCT, 4) to determine, in a small RCT, whether true acupuncture provides meaningful benefit for pain in CTS compared to sham acupuncture and whether the frequency of administration of acupuncture influences the outcome. In a pretrial session, standardization of the true and sham acupuncture techniques will be accomplished, the blind-mute methodology tested, the acupuncturists trained to deliver acupuncture (true or sham) in an unbiased manner and a Manual of Acupuncture Methods will be developed. This manual will address not only the location of true and sham acupuncture points but also the angle and depth of needing and the optimum technique to preserve credibility of the sham. The credibility of 2 separate sham acupuncture groups (each with a different set of sham points) will be tested. The subsequent RCT will be a 3X3 design involving 144 patients (9 cells at 16 patients per cell) with symptoms of CTS and evidence of median nerve conduction abnormality. Patients will be randomized to receive either true or two types of sham acupuncture at frequencies of once, two or three times weekly for 6 weeks. The patients will ber blinded to treatment group and the acupuncturist will be mute. The primary outcome measure will be validated CTS symptom severity scale measured t baseline and 2 weeks after termination of the acupuncture treatments. The study as outlined addresses the specific aims and, if successful, should enable the undertaking of a full-scale RCT employing acupuncture for CTS or other common causes of hand pain, including work-related repetitive stress injury. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

E-Journals: PubMed Central3 PubMed Central (PMC) is a digital archive of life sciences journal literature developed and managed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).4 Access to this growing archive of e-journals is free and unrestricted.5 To search, go to http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=Pmc, and type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box. This search gives you access to full-text articles. The following is a sample of items found for acupuncture in the PubMed Central database: Adapted from the National Library of Medicine: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/about/intro.html. With PubMed Central, NCBI is taking the lead in preservation and maintenance of open access to electronic literature, just as NLM has done for decades with printed biomedical literature. PubMed Central aims to become a world-class library of the digital age. 5 The value of PubMed Central, in addition to its role as an archive, lies in the availability of data from diverse sources stored in a common format in a single repository. Many journals already have online publishing operations, and there is a growing tendency to publish material online only, to the exclusion of print. 3 4

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Adverse events following acupuncture: prospective survey of 32 000 consultations with doctors and physiotherapists. by White A, Hayhoe S, Hart A, Ernst E. 2001 Sep 1; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=48133

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Electroacupuncture versus Diclofenac in symptomatic treatment of Osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial. by Sangdee C, Teekachunhatean S, Sananpanich K, Sugandhavesa N, Chiewchantanakit S, Pojchamarnwiputh S, Jayasvasti S. 2002; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=102323

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Pseudoaneurysm of the Popliteal Artery A Rare Sequela of Acupuncture. by Kao CL, Chang JP. 2002; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=116740

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Randomised trial of acupuncture compared with conventional massage and "sham" laser acupuncture for treatment of chronic neck pain. by Irnich D, Behrens N, Molzen H, Konig A, Gleditsch J, Krauss M, Natalis M, Senn E, Beyer A, Schops P. 2001 Jun 30; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=33515

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Relatively Alcohol-Resistant Mycobacteria Are Emerging Pathogens in Patients Receiving Acupuncture Treatment. by Woo PC, Leung KW, Wong SS, Chong KT, Cheung EY, Yuen KY. 2002 Apr; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=exter nal&artid=140401

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Steroid-induced polycystic ovaries in rats: effect of electro-acupuncture on concentrations of endothelin-1 and nerve growth factor (NGF), and expression of NGF mRNA in the ovaries, the adrenal glands, and the central nervous system. by Stener-Victorin E, Lundeberg T, Cajander S, Aloe L, Manni L, Waldenstrom U, Janson PO. 2003; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=155675

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Systematic reviews of complementary therapies - an annotated bibliography. Part 1: Acupuncture. by Linde K, Vickers A, Hondras M, ter Riet G, Thormahlen J, Berman B, Melchart D. 2001; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=37539

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The York acupuncture safety study: prospective survey of 34 000 treatments by traditional acupuncturists. by MacPherson H, Thomas K, Walters S, Fitter M. 2001 Sep 1; http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=48134

The National Library of Medicine: PubMed One of the quickest and most comprehensive ways to find academic studies in both English and other languages is to use PubMed, maintained by the National Library of Medicine.6 The advantage of PubMed over previously mentioned sources is that it covers a greater number of domestic and foreign references. It is also free to use. If the publisher has a Web site that offers full text of its journals, PubMed will provide links to that site, as well as to PubMed was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at Web sites of participating publishers. Publishers that participate in PubMed supply NLM with their citations electronically prior to or at the time of publication.

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sites offering other related data. User registration, a subscription fee, or some other type of fee may be required to access the full text of articles in some journals. To generate your own bibliography of studies dealing with acupuncture, simply go to the PubMed Web site at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” The following is the type of output you can expect from PubMed for “acupuncture” (hyperlinks lead to article summaries): ·

10 cases of somnambulism treated with combined acupuncture and medicinal herbs. Author(s): Li JR. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 174-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615448&dopt=Abstract

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100 cases of acute lumbar sprain treated with acupuncture at zhibian (UB 54). Author(s): Cui S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 119. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495333&dopt=Abstract

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100 cases of impotence treated by acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Wu JZ, Zhang Q, Wu WC, Guo ZH, Yin FX, Yan CH, Zhou RL, Zhu LX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 184-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615452&dopt=Abstract

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100 cases of intractable migraine treated by acupuncture and cupping. Author(s): Duo X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 September; 19(3): 205-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921151&dopt=Abstract

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103 cases of postpartum uroschesis treated by acupuncture at huiyang point. Author(s): Li L, Zhou J, Shi X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 September; 16(3): 198-200. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389119&dopt=Abstract

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106 cases of non-suppurative costal chondritis treated by acupuncture at xuanzhong point. Author(s): Li B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 September; 18(3): 195-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453612&dopt=Abstract

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108 cases of hemiplegia caused by stroke: the relationship between CT scan results, clinical findings and the effect of acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Chen YM, Fang YA. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1990; 15(1): 9-17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1973581&dopt=Abstract

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116 cases of gonococcal arthritis treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Wang K. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 June; 16(2): 108-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389135&dopt=Abstract

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124 cases of dyssomnia treated with acupuncture at sishencong points. Author(s): Xie L, Xie L, Dong X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 September; 14(3): 171-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7799648&dopt=Abstract

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156 cases of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Wu L, Li H, Kang L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 September; 16(3): 211-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389122&dopt=Abstract

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200 cases of chronic rhinitis treated by acupuncture at nei ying xiang. Author(s): Hu Y, Liu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 March; 17(1): 53-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437247&dopt=Abstract

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202 cases of headache treated with electro-acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang L, Li L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 June; 15(2): 124-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7650961&dopt=Abstract

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206 cases of spinogenic dizziness treated by contralateral acupuncture. Author(s): Cheng B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 March; 16(1): 35-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8758707&dopt=Abstract

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23 cases of chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis treated by acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Zhang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 September; 18(3): 188-91. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453610&dopt=Abstract

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24 cases of facial paralysis treated by scalp acupuncture and body acupuncture. Author(s): Ding J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 September; 16(3): 207-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389121&dopt=Abstract

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25 cases of cystoparalysis following gynecological surgery treated with herbal drugs and acupuncture. Author(s): Xiong N. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 276-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877338&dopt=Abstract

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30 cases of postpartum dysuria treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Hou XJ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 186. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615453&dopt=Abstract

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300 cases of menopausal syndrome treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Wu L, Zhou X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 December; 18(4): 259-62. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453593&dopt=Abstract

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302 cases of enuresis treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Xu B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 June; 11(2): 121-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861519&dopt=Abstract

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32 cases of acute mastitis treated with acupuncture, moxibustion and cupping. Author(s): Liang ZP. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 March; 8(1): 15-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3393013&dopt=Abstract

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37 cases of myogenic torticollis treated by scalp and body acupuncture. Author(s): Wu S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 December; 16(4): 278-80. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389104&dopt=Abstract

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37 cases of trigeminal neuralgia treated by acupuncture of point quanliao. Author(s): Cui SG. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 101-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412001&dopt=Abstract

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39 cases of morning sickness treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Zhao RJ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 25-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3613637&dopt=Abstract

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4 case records of acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Du XS. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 253-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2483576&dopt=Abstract

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47 cases of migraine treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Zhao P. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 108-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495330&dopt=Abstract

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50 cases of dysfunctional uterine bleeding treated by puncturing the effective points-a new system of acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang Y, Wang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 287-91. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877341&dopt=Abstract

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51 cases of occipital neuralgia treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Xie Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 September; 12(3): 180-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1453754&dopt=Abstract

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52 cases of apoplexy treated with scalp acupuncture by the slow-rapid reinforcingreducing method. Author(s): Pang H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 September; 14(3): 185-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7799651&dopt=Abstract

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52 cases of external humeral epicondylitis treated by acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Mei ZY. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 March; 9(1): 3-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2761280&dopt=Abstract

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5200-year-old acupuncture in central Europe? Author(s): Dorfer L, Moser M, Spindler K, Bahr F, Egarter-Vigl E, Dohr G. Source: Science. 1998 October 9; 282(5387): 242-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9841386&dopt=Abstract

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56 cases of chronic pruritus vulvae treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Huang WY, Guo ZR, Yu J, Hu XL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 1-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3613635&dopt=Abstract

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56 cases of disturbance in small articulations of the lumbar vertebrae treated by puncturing the effective points--a new system of acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang Y, Wang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 June; 14(2): 115-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7967693&dopt=Abstract

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75 cases of simple obesity treated with auricular and body acupuncture. Author(s): Tang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 March; 17(1): 55-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437248&dopt=Abstract

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75 cases of simple obesity treated with auricular and body acupuncture. Author(s): Tang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 194-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246593&dopt=Abstract

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78 cases of periomarthritis treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Wang W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 March; 15(1): 46-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7783462&dopt=Abstract

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80 cases of peripheral facial paralysis treated by acupuncture with vibrating shallow insertion. Author(s): Zang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 March; 19(1): 44-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453583&dopt=Abstract

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81 cases of paralytic strabismus treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Liu C, Wang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 June; 13(2): 101-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8412281&dopt=Abstract

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A brief introduction to Dr. Shao Jingming's experience in acupuncture. Author(s): Zhu Y, Wang M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 June; 18(2): 106-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437226&dopt=Abstract

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A case for acupuncture. Author(s): Desai P. Source: West Indian Med J. 1999 September; 48(3): 110-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10555452&dopt=Abstract

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A case of prurigo pigmentosa considered to be contact allergy to chromium in an acupuncture needle. Author(s): Tanii T, Kono T, Katoh J, Mizuno N, Fukuda M, Hamada T. Source: Acta Derm Venereol. 1991; 71(1): 66-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1676221&dopt=Abstract

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A clinical observation on therapeutic effects of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis. Author(s): Tan L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 June; 19(2): 129-31. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10681872&dopt=Abstract

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A clinical study of series electro-acupuncture of 1000 cases of poliomyelitis sequelae. Author(s): Gu G, Chu HR, Cao Y, Zhou YP, Liu BH, Hou ZM, Zhu SL, Jin ZP. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 189-94. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2895206&dopt=Abstract

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A clinical study on acupuncture for prevention and treatment of toxic side-effects during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Author(s): Zhou J, Li Z, Jin P. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 March; 19(1): 16-21. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453578&dopt=Abstract

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A clinical study on acupuncture treatment of pediatric cerebral palsy. Author(s): Shi B, Bu H, Lin L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 March; 12(1): 45-51. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1597999&dopt=Abstract

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A cocktail stick is as good as brief acupuncture in episodic tension-type headache (n=50). Author(s): Cummings M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 56-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471589&dopt=Abstract

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A comment on past and future of acupuncture analgesia research. Author(s): Chang HT. Source: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1989; 14(3): 299-305. Review. Chinese, English. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2512017&dopt=Abstract

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A comparative observation on comprehensive scalp--acupuncture treatmentof ischemic apoplectic hemiplegia. Author(s): Ren Y, Wang D, Feng C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 September; 19(3): 200-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921150&dopt=Abstract

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A comparative study of diazepam and acupuncture in patients with osteoarthritis pain: a placebo controlled study. Author(s): Thomas M, Eriksson SV, Lundeberg T. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1991; 19(2): 95-100. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1816730&dopt=Abstract

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A comparative study on the treatment of migraine headache with combined distant and local acupuncture points versus conventional drug therapy. Author(s): Gao S, Zhao D, Xie Y. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 27-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513096&dopt=Abstract

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A comparison between the Chinese and European patients in acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 157-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12125498&dopt=Abstract

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A comparison of acupuncture with advice and exercises on the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip--a randomised controlled trial. Author(s): Haslam R. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 19-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471578&dopt=Abstract

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A concept in analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture. Author(s): Lin JG. Source: Chin Med J (Engl). 1996 March; 109(3): 185-8. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8758304&dopt=Abstract

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A consultation system integrating Chinese medical practice in herbaltherapy, acupuncture and acupressure. Author(s): Raclariu A, Alecu S, Loghin M, Serbu L. Source: Stud Health Technol Inform. 1997; 43 Pt A: 285-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10179555&dopt=Abstract

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A controlled trial of acupuncture in psoriasis: no convincing effect. Author(s): Jerner B, Skogh M, Vahlquist A. Source: Acta Derm Venereol. 1997 March; 77(2): 154-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9111831&dopt=Abstract

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A controlled trial of the treatment of migraine by acupuncture. Author(s): Vincent CA. Source: Clin J Pain. 1989 December; 5(4): 305-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2520420&dopt=Abstract

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A controlled trial on acupuncture for chronic neck pain. Author(s): Zhu XM, Polus B. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2002; 30(1): 13-28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12067088&dopt=Abstract

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A critical analysis of acupuncture in pulmonary disease: efficacy and safety of the acupuncture needle. Author(s): Jobst KA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1995 January; 1(1): 57-85. Review. Erratum In: J Altern Complement Med 1995 Summer; 1(2): 219. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395603&dopt=Abstract

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A hemorrheological study on the effect of acupuncture in treating diabetes mellitus. Author(s): Chen JF. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 95-100. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3448402&dopt=Abstract

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A large outbreak of acupuncture-associated hepatitis B. Author(s): Kent GP, Brondum J, Keenlyside RA, LaFazia LM, Scott HD. Source: Am J Epidemiol. 1988 March; 127(3): 591-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3341362&dopt=Abstract

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A large randomized placebo controlled study of auricular acupuncture for alcohol dependence. Author(s): Bullock ML, Kiresuk TJ, Sherman RE, Lenz SK, Culliton PD, Boucher TA, Nolan CJ. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 2002 March; 22(2): 71-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11932132&dopt=Abstract

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A meta-analysis of acupuncture for chronic pain. Author(s): Patel M, Gutzwiller F, Paccaud F, Marazzi A. Source: Int J Epidemiol. 1989 December; 18(4): 900-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2695475&dopt=Abstract

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A meta-analysis of acupuncture techniques for smoking cessation. Author(s): White AR, Resch KL, Ernst E. Source: Tob Control. 1999 Winter; 8(4): 393-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10629245&dopt=Abstract

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A meta-analysis of studies into the effect of acupuncture on addiction. Author(s): Ter Riet G, Kleijnen J, Knipschild P. Source: Br J Gen Pract. 1990 September; 40(338): 379-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2148263&dopt=Abstract

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A one year follow-up study on the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of stroke patients in the subacute stage: a randomized, controlled study. Author(s): Kjendahl A, Sallstrom S, Osten PE, Stanghelle JK, Borchgrevink CF. Source: Clin Rehabil. 1997 August; 11(3): 192-200. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9360031&dopt=Abstract

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A phase I study on the feasibility and acceptability of an acupuncture/hypnosis intervention for chronic pediatric pain. Author(s): Zeltzer LK, Tsao JC, Stelling C, Powers M, Levy S, Waterhouse M. Source: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 October; 24(4): 437-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12505213&dopt=Abstract

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A pilot project to assess the methodological issues involved in evaluating acupuncture as a treatment for disabling breathlessness. Author(s): Davis CL, Lewith GT, Broomfield J, Prescott P. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2001 December; 7(6): 633-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11822611&dopt=Abstract

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A pilot study of functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain during manual and electroacupuncture stimulation of acupuncture point (LI-4 Hegu) in normal subjects reveals differential brain activation between methods. Author(s): Kong J, Ma L, Gollub RL, Wei J, Yang X, Li D, Weng X, Jia F, Wang C, Li F, Li R, Zhuang D. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 August; 8(4): 411-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230901&dopt=Abstract

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A pilot study of metoclopramide, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine and acupuncture in women treated with cisplatin. Author(s): Aglietti L, Roila F, Tonato M, Basurto C, Bracarda S, Picciafuoco M, Ballatori E, Del Favero A. Source: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1990; 26(3): 239-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2357773&dopt=Abstract

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A preliminary study on the mechanism of ear-acupuncture for withdrawal of smoking. Author(s): Li QS, Liu ZY, Ma HJ, Lu YY, Fang YA, Hou YZ, Cao SH, Zhang ZH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 December; 7(4): 243-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3449704&dopt=Abstract

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A primer on acupuncture. Author(s): Cadwell V. Source: J Emerg Nurs. 1998 December; 24(6): 514-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9836811&dopt=Abstract

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A prospective randomized study comparing acupuncture with physiotherapy for lowback and pelvic pain in pregnancy. Author(s): Wedenberg K, Moen B, Norling A. Source: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2000 May; 79(5): 331-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10830757&dopt=Abstract

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A prospective randomized study of electro-acupuncture versus alfentanil as anaesthesia during oocyte aspiration in in-vitro fertilization. Author(s): Stener-Victorin E, Waldenstrom U, Nilsson L, Wikland M, Janson PO. Source: Hum Reprod. 1999 October; 14(10): 2480-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10527973&dopt=Abstract

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A prospective, randomized pilot trial of acupuncture of the kidney-bladder distinct meridian for lower urinary tract symptoms. Author(s): Johnstone PA, Bloom TL, Niemtzow RC, Crain D, Riffenburgh RH, Amling CL. Source: J Urol. 2003 March; 169(3): 1037-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12576840&dopt=Abstract

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A randomized comparative trial of acupuncture versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic back pain in the elderly. Author(s): Grant DJ, Bishop-Miller J, Winchester DM, Anderson M, Faulkner S. Source: Pain. 1999 July; 82(1): 9-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10422654&dopt=Abstract

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A randomized controlled trial of auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence. Author(s): Avants SK, Margolin A, Holford TR, Kosten TR. Source: Arch Intern Med. 2000 August 14-28; 160(15): 2305-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10927727&dopt=Abstract

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A randomized controlled trial of auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence: treatments vs outcomes. Author(s): Giglio JC. Source: Arch Intern Med. 2001 March 26; 161(6): 894-5; Author Reply 895. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11268238&dopt=Abstract

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A randomized controlled trial on the treatment for acute partial ischemic stroke with acupuncture. Author(s): Hu HH, Chung C, Liu TJ, Chen RC, Chen CH, Chou P, Huang WS, Lin JC, Tsuei JJ. Source: Neuroepidemiology. 1993; 12(2): 106-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8232703&dopt=Abstract

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A randomized trial of acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy in osteoarthritis of the knee. Author(s): Berman BM, Singh BB, Lao L, Langenberg P, Li H, Hadhazy V, Bareta J, Hochberg M. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999 April; 38(4): 346-54. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10378713&dopt=Abstract

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A report of 2 cases of type B AIDS treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Lei Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 June; 9(2): 95-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2779284&dopt=Abstract

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A report of 22 cases of temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome treated with acupuncture and laser radiation. Author(s): Wang K. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 116-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495332&dopt=Abstract

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A research on scalp acupuncture for cerebral infarction. Author(s): Zhou J, Zhang F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 September; 17(3): 194-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437194&dopt=Abstract

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A review of problems in clinical acupuncture research. Author(s): Ernst E, White AR. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1997; 25(1): 3-11. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9166992&dopt=Abstract

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A review of research on acupuncture for the treatment of lumbar disk protrusions and associated neurological symptomatology. Author(s): Longworth W, McCarthy PW. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Spring; 3(1): 55-76. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395694&dopt=Abstract

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A review of the evidence for the effectiveness, safety, and cost of acupuncture, massage therapy, and spinal manipulation for back pain. Author(s): Cherkin DC, Sherman KJ, Deyo RA, Shekelle PG. Source: Ann Intern Med. 2003 June 3; 138(11): 898-906. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12779300&dopt=Abstract

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A review of treatment of diabetes by acupuncture during the past forty years. Author(s): Hu H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 June; 15(2): 145-54. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7650966&dopt=Abstract

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A scientific perspective on developing acupuncture as a complementary medicine. Author(s): Calmels P. Source: Disabil Rehabil. 1999 March; 21(3): 129-30; Discussion 137-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10206353&dopt=Abstract

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A short history of acupuncture. Author(s): Wu JN. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 19-21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395636&dopt=Abstract

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A simultaneous comparison of acupuncture needle and insulated needle sphenoidal electrodes for detection of anterior temporal spikes. Author(s): Chu NS. Source: Clin Electroencephalogr. 1992 January; 23(1): 47-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1733622&dopt=Abstract

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A single-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a simple acupuncture treatment in the cessation of smoking. Author(s): Waite NR, Clough JB. Source: Br J Gen Pract. 1998 August; 48(433): 1487-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10024707&dopt=Abstract

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A study of the use of acupuncture in physiotherapy. Author(s): Kerr DP, Walsh DM, Baxter GD. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 March; 9(1): 21-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11264966&dopt=Abstract

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A study on the mechanism of acupuncture therapy in the treatment of sequelae of cerebrovascular accident or cerebral injury. Author(s): Ji N, Xian YC, Ran XF, Xiao L, Yu HM, Luo BJ, Chen DZ, Liu LA, Guo J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 165-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3444345&dopt=Abstract

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A summary of clinical treatment for 58 cases of hemiplegia with electro-acupuncture and massage. Author(s): Xu H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 March; 20(1): 48-50. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921173&dopt=Abstract

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A survey of acupuncture patients: results from a questionnaire among a random sample in the general population in Norway. Author(s): Norheim AJ, Fonnebo V. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2000 September; 8(3): 187-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11068349&dopt=Abstract

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A survey of acupuncture treatment for peripheral facial paralysis. Author(s): Ren X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 June; 14(2): 139-46. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7967698&dopt=Abstract

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A survey of acupuncture treatments in general practice. Author(s): Joseph P. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 100-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216595&dopt=Abstract

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A survey on acupuncture treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Author(s): Shao Y, Shan B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 September; 19(3): 221-6. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921156&dopt=Abstract

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A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for neck pain. Author(s): White AR, Ernst E. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999 February; 38(2): 143-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10342627&dopt=Abstract

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A theoretical analysis of oriental medicine, 1: Acupuncture. Author(s): Ishida Y. Source: Med Hypotheses. 1997 October; 49(4): 327-35. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9352503&dopt=Abstract

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A therapeutic trial of acupuncture in neurogenic bladder of spinal cord injured patients--a preliminary report. Author(s): Cheng PT, Wong MK, Chang PL. Source: Spinal Cord. 1998 July; 36(7): 476-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9670383&dopt=Abstract

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A trial method for assessing the adequacy of acupuncture treatments. Author(s): White AR, Ernst E. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1998 November; 4(6): 66-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9810069&dopt=Abstract

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A trial of acupuncture for progressive systemic sclerosis. Author(s): Maeda M, Ichiki Y, Sumi A, Mori S. Source: J Dermatol. 1988 April; 15(2): 133-40. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3049730&dopt=Abstract

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A variant maneuver of acupuncture in treating cervical spondylopathy. Author(s): Du Y, Li D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 112-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12125481&dopt=Abstract

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A virtual reality system for hand acupuncture. Author(s): Kim KH, Choi YK, Lee ET, Ryou WB. Source: Stud Health Technol Inform. 2000; 70: 159-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10977531&dopt=Abstract

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A year of acupuncture in palliative care. Author(s): Leng G. Source: Palliat Med. 1999 March; 13(2): 163-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10474701&dopt=Abstract

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ABC of complementary medicine. Acupuncture. Author(s): Vickers A, Zollman C. Source: Bmj. 1999 October 9; 319(7215): 973-6. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10514163&dopt=Abstract

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Absorption of subcutaneous injection of Tc-99m pertechnetate via acupuncture points and non-acupuncture points. Author(s): Wu CC, Chen MF, Lin CC. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1994; 22(2): 111-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7992810&dopt=Abstract

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Acceptance of some acupuncture applications. Author(s): Marwick C. Source: Jama. 1997 December 3; 278(21): 1725-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9388133&dopt=Abstract

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Activation of mast cells by silver particles in a patient with localized argyria due to implantation of acupuncture needles. Author(s): Kakurai M, Demitsu T, Umemoto N, Ohtsuki M, Nakagawa H. Source: Br J Dermatol. 2003 April; 148(4): 822. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12752148&dopt=Abstract

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Activation of the hypothalamus characterizes the acupuncture stimulation at the analgesic point in human: a positron emission tomography study. Author(s): Hsieh JC, Tu CH, Chen FP, Chen MC, Yeh TC, Cheng HC, Wu YT, Liu RS, Ho LT. Source: Neurosci Lett. 2001 July 13; 307(2): 105-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11427311&dopt=Abstract

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Actual risks, or merely the intentional use of “probability” statements to discredit acupuncture. Author(s): Sena JF. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 111-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10610240&dopt=Abstract

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Acupressure-acupuncture antiemetic prophylaxis in children undergoing tonsillectomy. Author(s): Shenkman Z, Holzman RS, Kim C, Ferrari LR, DiCanzio J, Highfield ES, Van Keuren K, Kaptchuk T, Kenna MA, Berde CB, Rockoff MA. Source: Anesthesiology. 1999 May; 90(5): 1311-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10319779&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture accelerates recovery from general anaesthesia. Author(s): Gemma M, Bricchi M, Giannini A, Coffano B, Grandi L, Quirico P. Source: Can J Anaesth. 1993 December; 40(12): 1224-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8281607&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture ameliorates AIDS symptoms in 36 cases. Author(s): Zhou W, Sun Y, Wu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 June; 20(2): 119-21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11038999&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture ameliorates symptoms in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Author(s): Chen R, Nickel JC. Source: Urology. 2003 June; 61(6): 1156-9; Discussion 1159. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12809886&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture anaesthesia in inguinal hernia repair. Author(s): Chu DW, Lee DT, Chan TT, Chow TL, Que MB, Kwok SP. Source: Anz J Surg. 2003 March; 73(3): 125-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12608974&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture anaesthesia. Observations on its use for removal of thyroid adenomata and influence on recovery and morbidity in a Chinese hospital. Author(s): Kho HG, van Egmond J, Zhuang CF, Lin GF, Zhang GL. Source: Anaesthesia. 1990 June; 45(6): 480-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2382806&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture analgesia for postoperative dental pain. Author(s): Lapeer GL, Biedermann HJ, Hemsted JJ. Source: J Can Dent Assoc. 1987 June; 53(6): 479-80. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3300900&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Author(s): Cheng TO. Source: Am J Med. 1989 October; 87(4): 489. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2801746&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and acupressure. Applications to women's reproductive health care. Author(s): Beal MW. Source: J Nurse Midwifery. 1999 May-June; 44(3): 217-30. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10380442&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and addiction treatment. Author(s): Moner SE. Source: J Addict Dis. 1996; 15(3): 79-100. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8842852&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and AIDS. Author(s): Moffet H. Source: J Assoc Nurses Aids Care. 1996 May-June; 7(3): 54-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8816358&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and amitriptyline for HIV-related peripheral neuropathic pain. Author(s): King SA. Source: Jama. 1999 April 14; 281(14): 1271-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10208138&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and amitriptyline for HIV-related peripheral neuropathic pain. Author(s): Ulett GA. Source: Jama. 1999 April 14; 281(14): 1270-1; Author Reply 1271-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10208137&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and amitriptyline for HIV-related peripheral neuropathic pain. Author(s): Kaptchuk TJ. Source: Jama. 1999 April 14; 281(14): 1270; Author Reply 1271-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10208136&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and amitriptyline for pain due to HIV-related peripheral neuropathy: a randomized controlled trial. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. Author(s): Shlay JC, Chaloner K, Max MB, Flaws B, Reichelderfer P, Wentworth D, Hillman S, Brizz B, Cohn DL. Source: Jama. 1998 November 11; 280(18): 1590-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9820261&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and arthroscopic acromioplasty. Author(s): Gilbertson B, Wenner K, Russell LC. Source: J Orthop Res. 2003 July; 21(4): 752-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12798078&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and asthma. Author(s): Skrabanek P. Source: Lancet. 1987 May 9; 1(8541): 1082-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2883409&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and asthma. Author(s): Fung KP. Source: Lancet. 1987 April 11; 1(8537): 857. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2882251&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and asthma: a review of controlled trials. Author(s): Kleijnen J, ter Riet G, Knipschild P. Source: Thorax. 1991 November; 46(11): 799-802. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1771601&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and blood studies in sickle-cell anemia. Author(s): Westerman MP. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1994; 22(2): 190. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7992819&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and blood studies in sickle-cell anemia. Author(s): Sodipo J. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1993; 21(1): 85-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8328427&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and bronchial asthma: a long-term randomized study of the effects of real versus sham acupuncture compared to controls in patients with bronchial asthma. Author(s): Medici TC, Grebski E, Wu J, Hinz G, Wuthrich B. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 December; 8(6): 737-50; Discussion 751-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12614526&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and Chinese herbs for the treatment of a dermatological problem. Author(s): Griffiths V. Source: Aust J Holist Nurs. 1998 April; 5(1): 44. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10428883&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and Chinese medicine; interview with Tom Sinclair, L. Ac. Interview by John S. James. Author(s): Sinclair T. Source: Aids Treat News. 1995 September 1; (No 230): 1-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11362758&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and chronic pain management. Author(s): Lee TL. Source: Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2000 January; 29(1): 17-21. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10748959&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and chronic pain: a criteria-based meta-analysis. Author(s): ter Riet G, Kleijnen J, Knipschild P. Source: J Clin Epidemiol. 1990; 43(11): 1191-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2147032&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and clinical hypnosis for facial and head and neck pain: a single crossover comparison. Author(s): Lu DP, Lu GP, Kleinman L. Source: Am J Clin Hypn. 2001 October; 44(2): 141-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11591081&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and dental pain. Author(s): Smith L, Oldman A. Source: Br Dent J. 1999 February 27; 186(4 Spec No): 158-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10205949&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and electroacupuncture for the treatment of RA. Author(s): Casimiro L, Brosseau L, Milne S, Robinson V, Wells G, Tugwell P. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002; (3): Cd003788. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12137715&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and emotion: the influence of acupuncture anesthesia on the sensory and emotional components of pain. Author(s): Yang ZL, Cai TW, Wu JL. Source: J Gen Psychol. 1989 July; 116(3): 247-58. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2794983&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and endocarditis. Author(s): Rieb MK. Source: J Am Board Fam Pract. 2002 September-October; 15(5): 433; Author Reply 433. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12350071&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and endocarditis. Author(s): Evans P. Source: J Am Board Fam Pract. 2002 September-October; 15(5): 432-3; Author Reply 433. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12350068&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and experimentally induced ishaemic pain (n=60). Author(s): Cummings M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 61-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471591&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and herbal treatment of HIV infection. Author(s): Sanders PL. Source: Holist Nurs Pract. 1989 August; 3(4): 38-44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2745577&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and herbalism on the American health care scene. Author(s): Kantor JM. Source: Med Interface. 1997 May; 10(5): 95-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10167510&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and hypnotic suggestions in the treatment of non-organic male sexual dysfunction. Author(s): Aydin S, Ercan M, Caskurlu T, Tasci AI, Karaman I, Odabas O, Yilmaz Y, Agargun MY, Kara H, Sevin G. Source: Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1997 June; 31(3): 271-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9249892&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and its effects. Author(s): Gluckman LK. Source: N Z Med J. 1987 May 13; 100(823): 298-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3455510&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and labour--a summary of results. Author(s): Skelton IF, Flowerdew MW. Source: Midwives Chron. 1988 May; 101(1204): 134-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3288848&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and Medline. Author(s): Hofmans EA. Source: Lancet. 1990 July 7; 336(8706): 57. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1973242&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and migraine. Author(s): Duncan MR, Kiser WR. Source: Headache. 1996 June; 36(6): 397. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8707561&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and moxibustion for treating ectopic endometrium. Author(s): Wang H, Hou Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 203-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400429&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and moxibustion in primary health care in rural China. Author(s): Gu JC, Zhang LM. Source: World Health Forum. 1992; 13(1): 51. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1637470&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of dermatoses. Author(s): Lu S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 March; 13(1): 69-75. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8501966&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hiccup. Author(s): Zhao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 182-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615451&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and neuropathy. Author(s): Goodnick PJ, Breakstone K, Wen XL, Kumar A. Source: Am J Psychiatry. 2000 August; 157(8): 1342-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10910806&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and neurophysiology. Author(s): Wu DZ. Source: Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1990; 92(1): 13-25. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1967998&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and nicotine withdrawal. Author(s): Paola F. Source: Arch Intern Med. 1999 June 14; 159(11): 1256-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10371238&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and non-A, non-B hepatitis. Author(s): Alexis J, Lubin J, Bichachi A. Source: South Med J. 1988 January; 81(1): 101. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3122330&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders. II. A 1-year follow-up study. Author(s): List T, Helkimo M. Source: Acta Odontol Scand. 1992 December; 50(6): 375-85. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1476055&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders. Part I. A comparative study. Author(s): List T, Helkimo M, Andersson S, Carlsson GE. Source: Swed Dent J. 1992; 16(4): 125-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1455324&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and Oriental body work: traditional and biomedical concepts in holistic care: history and basic concepts. Author(s): Beal MW. Source: Holist Nurs Pract. 2000 April; 14(3): 69-78. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12119630&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and oriental body work: traditional and modern biomedical concepts in holistic care--conceptual frameworks and biomedical developments. Author(s): Beal MW. Source: Holist Nurs Pract. 2000 October; 15(1): 78-87. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12119622&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and other alternative therapies in rheumatoid arthritis. Author(s): Hardware B, Lacey A. Source: Prof Nurse. 2002 March; 17(7): 437-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11917436&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and postoperative sickness. Author(s): Dundee JW. Source: Anaesthesia. 1991 June; 46(6): 512. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1883409&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and postoperative vomiting in children. Author(s): Nash TP. Source: Br J Anaesth. 1992 June; 68(6): 633; Author Reply 633-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1610641&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and postoperative vomiting in children. Author(s): Lewis IH, Wilton NC. Source: Br J Anaesth. 1992 June; 68(6): 633; Author Reply 633-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1610640&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and postoperative vomiting in day-stay paediatric patients. Author(s): Vincent J, Lewis IH. Source: Anaesth Intensive Care. 1997 October; 25(5): 579-80. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9352775&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and postoperative vomiting in day-stay paediatric patients. Author(s): Schwager KL, Baines DB, Meyer RJ. Source: Anaesth Intensive Care. 1996 December; 24(6): 674-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8971315&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and radioactive pathways of hypodermically injected technetium-99m. Author(s): Kovacs FM, Gotzens V, Garcia A, Garcia F, Mufraggi N, Prandi D. Source: J Nucl Med. 1992 November; 33(11): 2060. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1432178&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and related treatment modalities. Part II: Applications to antepartal and intrapartal care. Author(s): Beal MW. Source: J Nurse Midwifery. 1992 July-August; 37(4): 260-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1403172&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and rheumatoid arthritis. Author(s): Tukmachi E. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford). 2000 October; 39(10): 1153-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11035139&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and scepticism. Author(s): Fung KP. Source: Lancet. 1987 June 27; 1(8548): 1483. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2885465&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and sensory thresholds. Author(s): Lundeberg T, Eriksson S, Lundeberg S, Thomas M. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1989; 17(3-4): 99-110. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2534464&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and sham acupuncture reduce muscle pain in myofascial pain patients. Author(s): Goddard G, Karibe H, McNeill C, Villafuerte E. Source: J Orofac Pain. 2002 Winter; 16(1): 71-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11889662&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and smoking cessation: pinning down the claims. Author(s): Crane R. Source: Am J Public Health. 2003 February; 93(2): 187. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12554565&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and spinal cord medicine. Author(s): Paola FA, Arnold M. Source: J Spinal Cord Med. 2003 Spring; 26(1): 12-20. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12830963&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and stroke rehabilitation. Author(s): Shiflett SC. Source: Stroke. 2001 August; 32(8): 1934-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11486131&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and stroke rehabilitation. Author(s): al-Khawaja I. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1995 Summer; 1(2): 215-6. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395616&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and substance abuse: a synopsis, with indications for further research. Author(s): Otto KC. Source: Am J Addict. 2003 January-February; 12(1): 43-51. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12623739&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and subtypes of chronic pain: assessment of long-term results. Author(s): Carlsson CP, Sjolund BH. Source: Clin J Pain. 1994 December; 10(4): 290-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7858358&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and swallowing reflex in poststroke patients. Author(s): Seki T, Kurusu M, Tanji H, Arai H, Sasaki H. Source: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003 May; 51(5): 726-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12752859&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and the nervous system. Author(s): Cai W. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1992; 20(3-4): 331-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1471618&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and the opioid system: implications in management of migraine. Author(s): Pintov S, Lahat E, Alstein M, Vogel Z, Barg J. Source: Pediatr Neurol. 1997 September; 17(2): 129-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9367292&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and the relief of pain. Author(s): Eadie MJ. Source: Med J Aust. 1990 August 20; 153(4): 180-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2388602&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and traditional Oriental medicine in the treatment of HIV and AIDS. Author(s): Huson C. Source: Step Perspect. 1996 Spring; 8(1): 2-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11363590&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and Trager psychophysical integration in the treatment of wheelchair user's shoulder pain in individuals with spinal cord injury. Author(s): Dyson-Hudson TA, Shiflett SC, Kirshblum SC, Bowen JE, Druin EL. Source: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 August; 82(8): 1038-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11494182&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and transcutaneous nerve stimulation in stroke rehabilitation: a randomized, controlled trial. Author(s): Johansson BB, Haker E, von Arbin M, Britton M, Langstrom G, Terent A, Ursing D, Asplund K; Swedish Collaboration on Sensory Stimulation After Stroke. Source: Stroke. 2001 March; 32(3): 707-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11239191&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and transcutaneous stimulation analgesia in comparison with moderatedose fentanyl anaesthesia in major surgery. Clinical efficacy and influence on recovery and morbidity. Author(s): Kho HG, Eijk RJ, Kapteijns WM, van Egmond J. Source: Anaesthesia. 1991 February; 46(2): 129-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1908190&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture anesthesia in thymectomy on myasthenia gravis patients. Author(s): Dong ST, Nguyen VT, Nguyen VT, Vu TA, Pham MH. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(1): 25-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2898196&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture anesthesia/analgesia for pain and anxiety control in dental practice. Part 2: Techniques for clinical applications. Author(s): Lu DP, Lu GP. Source: Compendium. 1993 April; 14(4): 464-8, 470-2; Quiz 472. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8299129&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture anesthesia/analgesia for pain and anxiety control in dental practice. Part I: Theory and application. Author(s): Lu DP, Lu GP. Source: Compendium. 1993 February; 14(2): 182, 183-9. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8467518&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture antiemesis. Author(s): Dundee JW. Source: Ir J Med Sci. 1990 August; 159(8): 245. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2076948&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as a detoxification treatment: an analysis of controlled research. Author(s): Brewington V, Smith M, Lipton D. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1994 July-August; 11(4): 289-307. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7966500&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as a promising treatment for below-level central neuropathic pain: a retrospective study. Author(s): Rapson LM, Wells N, Pepper J, Majid N, Boon H. Source: J Spinal Cord Med. 2003 Spring; 26(1): 21-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12830964&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as a symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis. A systematic review. Author(s): Ernst E. Source: Scand J Rheumatol. 1997; 26(6): 444-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9433405&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as a treatment for temporomandibular joint dysfunction: a systematic review of randomized trials. Author(s): Ernst E, White AR. Source: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 March; 125(3): 269-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10190797&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy in stroke rehabilitation? Author(s): Ernst E, White AR. Source: Wien Med Wochenschr. 1996; 146(21-22): 556-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9017892&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as an antiemetic treatment. Author(s): Parfitt A. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 167-74; Discussion 175-7. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395652&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as an antiemetic. Author(s): Dundee JW, Milligan KR. Source: Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1988 January 9; 296(6615): 135. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3122955&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as complementary therapy for back pain. Author(s): Smith-Fassler ME, Lopez-Bushnell K. Source: Holist Nurs Pract. 2001 April; 15(3): 35-44. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12120109&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as therapy of traumatic affective disorders and of phantom limb pain syndrome. Author(s): Freed S. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(2): 121-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2575343&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture at “yangsheng” point for treatment of voice ailments in 110 cases. Author(s): Chen P. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 261-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1795543&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture at agger nasi for treatment of allergic rhinitis. Author(s): Xia Z, Xu L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 December; 17(4): 278-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437211&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture at huatuojiaji (extra 21) points for treatment of acute epigastric pain. Author(s): Zhao J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 258. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1795541&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture at jianjing for treatment of achalasia of the cardia. Author(s): Shi T, Xu X, Lu X, Xing W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 September; 14(3): 174-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7799649&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture at otoacupoint heart for treatment of vascular hypertension. Author(s): Huang H, Liang S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 133-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495338&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture at tragus apex for treatment of traumatic ocular muscle paralysis--a report of 16 cases. Author(s): Chen W, Zeng L, Hu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 December; 19(4): 250-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921126&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture before delivery: effect on pain perception and the need for analgesics. Author(s): Lyrenas S, Lutsch H, Hetta J, Nyberg F, Willdeck-Lundh G, Lindberg B. Source: Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1990; 29(2): 118-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1970793&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture beyond the endorphin concept? Author(s): Bonta IL. Source: Med Hypotheses. 2002 March; 58(3): 221-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12018973&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture can work, and it's not just wishful thinking. Author(s): Schultz S. Source: Us News World Rep. 2000 December 18; 129(24): 58-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11144228&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture combined with application of xiaoke plaster for treatment of 309 cases of diabetes mellitus. Author(s): Feng M, Li Y, Pang B, Wang Z, Wang S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 December; 17(4): 247-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437204&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture detoxification. Author(s): Stellato-Kabat D. Source: Soc Work. 1994 September; 39(5): 623-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7939873&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture during labor can reduce the use of meperidine: a controlled clinical study. Author(s): Nesheim BI, Kinge R, Berg B, Alfredsson B, Allgot E, Hove G, Johnsen W, Jorsett I, Skei S, Solberg S. Source: Clin J Pain. 2003 May-June; 19(3): 187-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12792557&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture education and integration in the physical medicine and rehabilitation residency. Author(s): Braverman SE. Source: Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 1999 August; 10(3): 755-65, Xi. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10516988&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture effects on reflex responses to mental stress in humans. Author(s): Middlekauff HR, Yu JL, Hui K. Source: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001 May; 280(5): R1462-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11294769&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture fails to improve treatment outcome in alcoholics. Author(s): Worner TM, Zeller B, Schwarz H, Zwas F, Lyon D. Source: Drug Alcohol Depend. 1992 June; 30(2): 169-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1633756&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for addicted patients with chronic histories of arrest. A pilot study of the Consortium Treatment Center. Author(s): Russell LC, Sharp B, Gilbertson B. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 2000 September; 19(2): 199-205. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10963932&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for asthma: fact or fiction? Author(s): Varon J, Fromm RE Jr, Marik PE. Source: Chest. 2002 May; 121(5): 1387-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12006413&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for back pain in a patient with Forestier's disease (diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis/DISH). Author(s): Mears T. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 102-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216596&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for back pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Author(s): Ernst E, White AR. Source: Arch Intern Med. 1998 November 9; 158(20): 2235-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9818803&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for bronchial asthma? Author(s): Koh CS. Source: Med J Aust. 1991 August 5; 155(3): 206. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1875822&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for bronchial asthma? A double-blind crossover study. Author(s): Tandon MK, Soh PF, Wood AT. Source: Med J Aust. 1991 March 18; 154(6): 409-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2000055&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for cardiovascular disorders. Author(s): Smith FW Jr. Source: Probl Vet Med. 1992 March; 4(1): 125-31. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1581649&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for carpal tunnel syndrome. Author(s): Freedman J. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 March; 20(1): 39-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11926605&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for cervical ripening and induction of labor at term--a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): Rabl M, Ahner R, Bitschnau M, Zeisler H, Husslein P. Source: Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2001 December 17; 113(23-24): 942-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11802511&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for chronic low back pain: a randomized placebo-controlled study with long-term follow-up. Author(s): Carlsson CP, Sjolund BH. Source: Clin J Pain. 2001 December; 17(4): 296-305. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11783809&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for chronic low back pain: diagnosis and treatment patterns among acupuncturists evaluating the same patient. Author(s): Kalauokalani D, Sherman KJ, Cherkin DC. Source: South Med J. 2001 May; 94(5): 486-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11372797&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for controlling gag reflex? Author(s): Chate RA. Source: Br Dent J. 2001 November 24; 191(10): 537. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11767854&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for crack-cocaine detoxification: experimental evaluation of efficacy. Author(s): Lipton DS, Brewington V, Smith M. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1994 May-June; 11(3): 205-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8072048&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for episodic tension-type headache: a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Author(s): White AR, Resch KL, Chan JC, Norris CD, Modi SK, Patel JN, Ernst E. Source: Cephalalgia. 2000 September; 20(7): 632-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11128820&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for frozen shoulder. Author(s): Sun KO, Chan KC, Lo SL, Fong DY. Source: Hong Kong Med J. 2001 December; 7(4): 381-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11773673&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders. Author(s): Diehl DL. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 February; 5(1): 27-45. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10100029&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for gastrointestinal disorders. Author(s): Ishida Y. Source: Gut. 2003 April; 52(4): 614. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12631688&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for gastrointestinal disorders. Author(s): Dill SG. Source: Probl Vet Med. 1992 March; 4(1): 144-54. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1581652&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for gastrointestinal disorders: myth or magic. Author(s): Sung JJ. Source: Gut. 2002 November; 51(5): 617-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12377792&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for head and neck pain. Author(s): Strauss S. Source: Aust Fam Physician. 1987 March; 16(3): 302-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3606488&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for idiopathic headache. Author(s): Melchart D, Linde K, Fischer P, Berman B, White A, Vickers A, Allais G. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001; (1): Cd001218. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11279710&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for immune-mediated disorders. Literature review and clinical applications. Author(s): Rogers PA, Schoen AM, Limehouse J. Source: Probl Vet Med. 1992 March; 4(1): 162-93. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1581655&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for induction of labour. Author(s): Smith CA, Crowther CA. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001; (1): Cd002962. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11279787&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for lateral elbow pain. Author(s): Green S, Buchbinder R, Barnsley L, Hall S, White M, Smidt N, Assendelft W. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002; (1): Cd003527. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11869671&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for low back pain in huang di nei jing su wen. (Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine Book of Common Questions). Author(s): Liao SJ. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992 October-December; 17(4): 249-58. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1362035&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for low back pain. Author(s): Tulder MW VA, Cherkin DC, Berman B, Lao L, Koes BW. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000; (2): Cd001351. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10796434&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for low back pain: results of a pilot study for a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): MacPherson H, Gould AJ, Fitter M. Source: Complement Ther Med. 1999 June; 7(2): 83-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10444911&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for migraine and headache in primary care: a protocol for a pragmatic, randomized trial. Author(s): Vickers A, Rees R, Zollman C, Smith C, Ellis N. Source: Complement Ther Med. 1999 March; 7(1): 3-18. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10361566&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for mood and sleep disturbance. Author(s): Strauss S. Source: Aust Fam Physician. 1988 April; 17(4): 287-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3365162&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review. Author(s): Ezzo J, Hadhazy V, Birch S, Lao L, Kaplan G, Hochberg M, Berman B. Source: Arthritis Rheum. 2001 April; 44(4): 819-25. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11315921&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for pain relief during childbirth. Author(s): Ternov K, Nilsson M, Lofberg L, Algotsson L, Akeson J. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1998; 23(1): 19-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9607101&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for patients in hospital-based home care suffering from xerostomia. Author(s): Rydholm M, Strang P. Source: J Palliat Care. 1999 Winter; 15(4): 20-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10693302&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for pilocarpine-resistant xerostomia following radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies. Author(s): Johnstone PA, Peng YP, May BC, Inouye WS, Niemtzow RC. Source: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 June 1; 50(2): 353-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11380221&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for poison ivy contact dermatitis. A clinical case report. Author(s): Liao SJ. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(1): 31-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2898197&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis: where's the point? Author(s): Cohn AI. Source: Anesthesiology. 2002 October; 97(4): 1038-9; Author Reply 1039. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12357192&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for recurrent headaches: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Author(s): Melchart D, Linde K, Fischer P, White A, Allais G, Vickers A, Berman B. Source: Cephalalgia. 1999 November; 19(9): 779-86; Discussion 765. Erratum In: Cephalalgia 2000 October; 20(8): 762-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10595286&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Author(s): Fialka V, Resch KL, Ritter-Dietrich D, Alacamlioglu Y, Chen O, Leitha T, Kluger R, Ernst E. Source: Arch Intern Med. 1993 March 8; 153(5): 661, 665. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8439229&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for relief of angina. Author(s): Cheng TO. Source: Circulation. 1998 November 24; 98(21): 2357-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9826329&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for respiratory disease. Author(s): Jobst K, Lane DJ, Efthimiou J, Fletcher HJ, Mole P. Source: Lancet. 1987 April 4; 1(8536): 802. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2882201&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for smoking cessation. Author(s): White AR, Rampes H, Ernst E. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002; (2): Cd000009. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12076375&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for smoking cessation. Author(s): White AR, Rampes H, Ernst E. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000; (2): Cd000009. Review. Update In: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10796466&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for symptom relief in HIV-positive adults: lessons learned from a pilot study. Author(s): Beal MW, Nield-Anderson L. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2000 September; 6(5): 33-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10979160&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for tennis elbow: an E-mail consensus study to define a standardised treatment in a GPs' surgery. Author(s): Webster-Harrison P, White A, Rae J. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 181-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512792&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the alleviation of tinnitus. Author(s): Thomas M, Laurell G, Lundeberg T. Source: Laryngoscope. 1988 June; 98(6 Pt 1): 664-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3374243&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the relief of cancer-related breathlessness. Author(s): Filshie J, Penn K, Ashley S, Davis CL. Source: Palliat Med. 1996 April; 10(2): 145-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8800822&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the relief of pain of facial and dental origin. Author(s): Silva SA. Source: Anesth Prog. 1989 July-October; 36(4-5): 244-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2490052&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of chronic painful peripheral diabetic neuropathy: a long-term study. Author(s): Abuaisha BB, Costanzi JB, Boulton AJ. Source: Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1998 February; 39(2): 115-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9597381&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Author(s): Newman RG. Source: Jama. 2002 April 10; 287(14): 1801; Author Reply 1801-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uid s=11939854&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Author(s): Kaptchuk TJ. Source: Jama. 2002 April 10; 287(14): 1801; Author Reply 1801-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11939853&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Author(s): Frank BL. Source: Jama. 2002 April 10; 287(14): 1800-1; Author Reply 1801-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11939852&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Author(s): Cheng TO. Source: Jama. 2002 April 10; 287(14): 1800; Author Reply 1801-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11939851&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Author(s): Ginzburg V, Hart CL. Source: Jama. 2002 April 10; 287(14): 1800; Author Reply 1801-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11939850&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Investigation of a needle puncture control. Author(s): Avants SK, Margolin A, Chang P, Kosten TR, Birch S. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1995 May-June; 12(3): 195-205. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7474027&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction: a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): Margolin A, Kleber HD, Avants SK, Konefal J, Gawin F, Stark E, Sorensen J, Midkiff E, Wells E, Jackson TR, Bullock M, Culliton PD, Boles S, Vaughan R. Source: Jama. 2002 January 2; 287(1): 55-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11754709&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of obesity: a review of the evidence. Author(s): Lacey JM, Tershakovec AM, Foster GD. Source: Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 April; 27(4): 419-27. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12664074&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of pain of osteoarthritic knees. Author(s): Takeda W, Wessel J. Source: Arthritis Care Res. 1994 September; 7(3): 118-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7727550&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of vulvar vestibulitis: a pilot study. Author(s): Danielsson I, Sjoberg I, Ostman C. Source: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2001 May; 80(5): 437-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11328221&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for tinnitus management. Author(s): Nilsson S, Axelsson A, Li De G. Source: Scand Audiol. 1992; 21(4): 245-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1488611&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for tinnitus: time to stop? Author(s): Andersson G, Lyttkens L. Source: Scand Audiol. 1996; 25(4): 273-5. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8976001&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for treating postoperative enteroparalysis. Author(s): Zheng Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 42. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747197&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for treatment for chronic neck pain. Reanalysis of data suggests that effect is not a placebo effect. Author(s): Vickers A. Source: Bmj. 2001 December 1; 323(7324): 1306-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11764758&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for treatment of diabetic urinary bladder neural dysfunction--a report of 36 cases. Author(s): Zhang W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 September; 17(3): 211-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437198&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for vulvodynia. Author(s): Powell J, Wojnarowska F. Source: J R Soc Med. 1999 November; 92(11): 579-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10703496&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for xerostomia: clinical update. Author(s): Johnstone PA, Niemtzow RC, Riffenburgh RH. Source: Cancer. 2002 February 15; 94(4): 1151-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11920486&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture gains steam as a medical complement. Author(s): Bibik C. Source: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1999 April 19; 9(8): 8-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10562203&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture granulomas. Author(s): Alani RM, Busam K. Source: J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 December; 45(6 Suppl): S225-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11712067&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture has been used primarily as an adjunct to existing chemical dependency treatment protocols. Author(s): Smith M. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1994 November-December; 11(6): 587. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7884843&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture has no immediate treatment effect on the neutrophil respiratory burst: a randomized single-blinded two-period crossover study. Author(s): Karst M, Scheinichen D, Rueckert T, Wagner T, Wiese B, Fink M. Source: Brain Behav Immun. 2002 December; 16(6): 813-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12480510&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture heroin detoxification: a single-blind clinical trial. Author(s): Washburn AM, Fullilove RE, Fullilove MT, Keenan PA, McGee B, Morris KA, Sorensen JL, Clark WW. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1993 July-August; 10(4): 345-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8411294&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in 2000: working its way into mainstream medicine. Author(s): Grandinetti D. Source: Med Econ. 2000 August 7; 77(15): 99-100, 105, 109-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11010288&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in a university hospital: implications for an inpatient consulting service. Author(s): Nasir L. Source: Arch Fam Med. 1998 November-December; 7(6): 593-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9821837&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in alcoholism treatment: a randomized out-patient study. Author(s): Sapir-Weise R, Berglund M, Frank A, Kristenson H. Source: Alcohol Alcohol. 1999 July-August; 34(4): 629-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10456592&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in an outpatient clinic in China: a comparison with the use of acupuncture in North America. Author(s): Xu X. Source: South Med J. 2001 August; 94(8): 813-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11549194&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in angina pectoris. Author(s): Kraemer ES, Cardoso Mde F, Yamamura Y. Source: J Intern Med. 1991 April; 229(4): 383. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2026994&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in angina pectoris: do psycho-social and neurophysiological factors relate to the effect? Author(s): Ballegaard S, Karpatschoff B, Holck JA, Meyer CN, Trojaborg W. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1995 April-July; 20(2): 101-16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7491848&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in angina pectoris: does acupuncture have a specific effect? Author(s): Ballegaard S, Meyer CN, Trojaborg W. Source: J Intern Med. 1991 April; 229(4): 357-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2026989&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in asthma and pulmonary disease: an analysis of efficacy and safety. Author(s): Jobst KA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 179-206; Discussion 207-10. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395653&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in Australian general practice: patient characteristics. Author(s): Easthope G, Gill GF, Beilby JJ, Tranter BK. Source: Med J Aust. 1999 March 15; 170(6): 259-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10212647&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in Australian general practice: practitioner characteristics. Author(s): Easthope G, Beilby JJ, Gill GF, Tranter BK. Source: Med J Aust. 1998 August 17; 169(4): 197-200. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9734577&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in bronchial asthma. Author(s): Joshi YM. Source: J Assoc Physicians India. 1992 May; 40(5): 327-31. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1483994&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in chronic epicondylitis: a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): Fink M, Wolkenstein E, Karst M, Gehrke A. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002 February; 41(2): 205-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11886971&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in clinical neurology. Author(s): Rabinstein AA, Shulman LM. Source: Neurolog. 2003 May; 9(3): 137-48. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12808410&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in dentistry. Author(s): Thayer T. Source: Saad Dig. 2001 January; 18(1): 3-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11588813&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in dermatology. Author(s): Iliev E. Source: Clin Dermatol. 1998 November-December; 16(6): 659-88. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9949912&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in disaster medicine. Author(s): Rega PP. Source: Ann Emerg Med. 1999 October; 34(4 Pt 1): 568. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10499983&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in epidemic HBV hepatitis: in China too? Author(s): Conn HO. Source: Hepatology. 1988 September-October; 8(5): 1176-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3417241&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in epidemic HBV hepatitis: other ritual surgical procedures in Africa as well. Author(s): Arya SC. Source: Hepatology. 1989 March; 9(3): 511. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2921006&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in general practice. Author(s): Traum D. Source: Aust Fam Physician. 2000 December; 29(12): 1139-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11140218&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in gonarthrotic pain--”Bachmann's knee program”. Author(s): Zwolfer W, Grubhofer G, Cartellieri M, Spacek A. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1992; 20(3-4): 325-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1471617&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in headache. Author(s): Lundeberg T. Source: Cephalalgia. 1999 December; 19 Suppl 25: 65-8. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10668127&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in headache: a critical review. Author(s): Manias P, Tagaris G, Karageorgiou K. Source: Clin J Pain. 2000 December; 16(4): 334-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11153790&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in human performance. Author(s): Pelham TW, Holt LE, Stalker R. Source: J Strength Cond Res. 2001 May; 15(2): 266-71. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11710415&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in hypertension. Author(s): Townsend RR. Source: J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2002 May-June; 4(3): 229. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12045377&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in intractable epilepsy: lack of effect on health-related quality of life. Author(s): Stavem K, Kloster R, Rossberg E, Larsson PG, Dahl R, Kinge E, Lossius R, Nakken KO. Source: Seizure. 2000 September; 9(6): 422-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10986000&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in midwifery. Author(s): Yelland S. Source: Mod Midwife. 1996 July; 6(7): 31-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8852188&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in migraine: long-term outcome and predicting factors. Author(s): Baischer W. Source: Headache. 1995 September; 35(8): 472-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7591741&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in neck pain. Author(s): Rae S, Berry H. Source: Br J Rheumatol. 1987 April; 26(2): 153. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2435354&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in pain medicine: an integrated approach to the management of refractory pain. Author(s): Ahadian FM. Source: Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2002 December; 6(6): 444-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12413403&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in pregnancy. Author(s): Chez RA. Source: J Reprod Med. 2001 December; 46(12): 1079. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11789091&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in pregnancy. Setting up a clinic within the NHS. Author(s): Denny M. Source: Pract Midwife. 1999 April; 2(4): 29-31. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10427287&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in psychiatry. Author(s): Ackerman JM. Source: Psychiatr Serv. 1999 January; 50(1): 117. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9890597&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in smoking cessation. Author(s): Coleman T. Source: Br J Gen Pract. 1998 November; 48(436): 1789. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10198494&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in tension headache. Author(s): Sorensen T. Source: Cephalalgia. 1991 February; 11(1): 57. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2036672&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the 1990s. A review for the primary care physician. Author(s): Peterson JR. Source: Arch Fam Med. 1996 April; 5(4): 237-40; Discussion 241. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8769914&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the control of vasomotor symptoms caused by tamoxifen. Author(s): Towlerton G, Filshie J, O'Brien M, Duncan A. Source: Palliat Med. 1999 September; 13(5): 445. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10659122&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the management of chronic pain. Author(s): Woollam CH, Jackson AO. Source: Anaesthesia. 1998 June; 53(6): 593-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9709149&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the management of pain in labor. Author(s): Skilnand E, Fossen D, Heiberg E. Source: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2002 October; 81(10): 943-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12366485&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the management of pain of musculoskeletal and neurologic origin. Author(s): Wong JY, Rapson LM. Source: Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 1999 August; 10(3): 531-45, Vii-Viii. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10516974&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the management of tinnitus: a placebo-controlled study. Author(s): Axelsson A, Andersson S, Gu LD. Source: Audiology. 1994 November-December; 33(6): 351-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7741667&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Author(s): al-Sadi M, Newman B, Julious SA. Source: Anaesthesia. 1997 July; 52(7): 658-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9244025&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the prophylactic treatment of migraine without aura: a comparison with flunarizine. Author(s): Allais G, De Lorenzo C, Quirico PE, Airola G, Tolardo G, Mana O, Benedetto C. Source: Headache. 2002 October; 42(9): 855-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12390610&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the prophylaxis of recurrent lower urinary tract infection in adult women. Author(s): Aune A, Alraek T, LiHua H, Baerheim A. Source: Scand J Prim Health Care. 1998 March; 16(1): 37-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9612877&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of asthma: a critical review. Author(s): Davis PA, Chang C, Hackman RM, Stern JS, Gershwin ME. Source: Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1998 November-December; 26(6): 263-71. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9934404&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of bladder instability. Author(s): Philp T, Shah PJ, Worth PH. Source: Br J Urol. 1988 June; 61(6): 490-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3401657&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of craniofacial pain. Author(s): Arseni A, Zbaganu GV, Rosca T. Source: Neurol Psychiatr (Bucur). 1988 April-June; 26(2): 85-92. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3406650&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Author(s): Koenig C, Stevermer J. Source: J Fam Pract. 1999 July; 48(7): 497. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10428243&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. A blinded randomized study. Author(s): Rogvi-Hansen B, Perrild H, Christensen T, Detmar SE, Siersbaek-Nielsen K, Hansen JE. Source: Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1991 February; 124(2): 143-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2003373&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of menopause-related symptoms in women taking tamoxifen. Author(s): Porzio G, Trapasso T, Martelli S, Sallusti E, Piccone C, Mattei A, Di Stanislao C, Ficorella C, Marchetti P. Source: Tumori. 2002 March-April; 88(2): 128-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12088252&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of pain. Author(s): Birch S, Hammerschlag R, Berman BM. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 101-24. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395648&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of paralysis due to central nervous system damage. Author(s): Naeser MA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 211-48. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395654&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of paralysis in chronic and acute stroke patients-improvement correlated with specific CT scan lesion sites. Author(s): Naeser MA, Alexander MP, Stiassny-Eder D, Galler V, Hobbs J, Bachman D. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1994 October-December; 19(4): 227-49. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7625245&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of patients with craniomandibular disorders. Comparative, longitudinal and methodological studies. Author(s): List T. Source: Swed Dent J Suppl. 1992; 87: 1-159. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1492307&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of posttraumatic pain syndrome. Author(s): Korpan MI, Dezu Y, Schneider B, Leitha T, Fialka-Moser V. Source: Acta Orthop Belg. 1999 June; 65(2): 197-201. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10427802&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the treatment of renal colic. Author(s): Lee YH, Lee WC, Chen MT, Huang JK, Chung C, Chang LS. Source: J Urol. 1992 January; 147(1): 16-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1729516&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the twenty-first century. Author(s): Niemtzow RC. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 February; 8(1): 1-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11890428&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in thoracic surgery. Author(s): Lear E. Source: Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc. 1996 Winter; 59(1): 38. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8819684&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in thoracolumbar disc disease. Author(s): Janssens L. Source: J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1991 March; 62(1): 2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1828837&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in treatment of facial muscular pain. Author(s): Johansson A, Wenneberg B, Wagersten C, Haraldson T. Source: Acta Odontol Scand. 1991 June; 49(3): 153-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1882649&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in treatment of stable asthma. Author(s): Biernacki W, Peake MD. Source: Respir Med. 1998 September; 92(9): 1143-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9926170&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture induced immunoregulatory influence on the clinical state of patients suffering from chronic spastic bronchitis and undergoing long-term treatment with corticosteroids. Author(s): Sliwinski J, Kulej M. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(3-4): 227-34. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2576342&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture inhibits sympathetic activation during mental stress in advanced heart failure patients. Author(s): Middlekauff HR, Hui K, Yu JL, Hamilton MA, Fonarow GC, Moriguchi J, Maclellan WR, Hage A. Source: J Card Fail. 2002 December; 8(6): 399-406. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12528093&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture inhibits vagal gastric acid secretion stimulated by sham feeding in healthy subjects. Author(s): Lux G, Hagel J, Backer P, Backer G, Vogl R, Ruppin H, Domschke S, Domschke W. Source: Gut. 1994 August; 35(8): 1026-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7926899&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture may be associated with serious adverse events. Author(s): Ernst E, White AR. Source: Bmj. 2000 February 19; 320(7233): 513-4. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10678876&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture mechanisms for clinically relevant long-term effects--reconsideration and a hypothesis. Author(s): Carlsson C. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 82-99. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216606&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture meridians and radiotracers. Author(s): Lazorthes Y, Esquerre JP, Simon J, Guiraud G, Guiraud R. Source: Pain. 1990 January; 40(1): 109-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2339006&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture methods for hemiplegic spasm. Author(s): Guo Z, Zhou M, Chen X, Wang R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 December; 17(4): 284-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437214&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture modulates the limbic system and subcortical gray structures of the human brain: evidence from fMRI studies in normal subjects. Author(s): Hui KK, Liu J, Makris N, Gollub RL, Chen AJ, Moore CI, Kennedy DN, Rosen BR, Kwong KK. Source: Hum Brain Mapp. 2000; 9(1): 13-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10643726&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture mycobacteriosis. Author(s): Woo PC, Li JH, Tang W, Yuen K. Source: N Engl J Med. 2001 September 13; 345(11): 842-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11556317&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture needle dermatitis. Author(s): Koizumi H, Tomoyori T, Kumakiri M, Ohkawara A. Source: Contact Dermatitis. 1989 November; 21(5): 352. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2620519&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture needles and the Seebeck effect: do temperature gradients produce electrostimulation? Author(s): Cohen M, Kwok G, Cosic I. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1997; 22(1): 9-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9188912&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture of guanyuan (Ren 4) and Baihui (Du 20) in the treatment of 500 cases of enuresis. Author(s): Yang CP. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 197. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216665&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture on animals raises questions. Author(s): Suzik HA. Source: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997 June 15; 210(12): 1711, 1715. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9333636&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture on clinical symptoms and urodynamic measurements in spinal-cordinjured patients with detrusor hyperreflexia. Author(s): Honjo H, Naya Y, Ukimura O, Kojima M, Miki T. Source: Urol Int. 2000; 65(4): 190-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11112867&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture on the WWW. Author(s): Thompson T. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 March; 9(1): 54. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11264974&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture outcomes, expectations, patient-provider relationship, and the placebo effect: implications for health promotion. Author(s): So DW. Source: Am J Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1662-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356618&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture produces central activations in pain regions. Author(s): Biella G, Sotgiu ML, Pellegata G, Paulesu E, Castiglioni I, Fazio F. Source: Neuroimage. 2001 July; 14(1 Pt 1): 60-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11525337&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture prophylaxis of cancer chemotherapy-induced sickness. Author(s): Dundee JW, Ghaly RG, Fitzpatrick KT, Abram WP, Lynch GA. Source: J R Soc Med. 1989 May; 82(5): 268-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2666662&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture technique. Author(s): Moritz Carneiro NM, Li SM. Source: Lancet. 1995 June 17; 345(8964): 1577. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7646689&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture techniques and devices. Author(s): Lao L. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 23-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395637&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture techniques handed down from Dr. Zheng Kuishan's family. Author(s): Hao J, Zheng J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 June; 20(2): 115-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11038998&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture the same difference. Author(s): Plawecki HM, Plawecki JA. Source: J Gerontol Nurs. 1998 July; 24(7): 45-6. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9801530&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture therapy for 12 cases of cranial trauma. Author(s): Li Y, Wang X, Li T. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 March; 13(1): 5-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8501961&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture therapy for persistent hiccups. Author(s): Schiff E, River Y, Oliven A, Odeh M. Source: Am J Med Sci. 2002 March; 323(3): 166-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11908864&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture therapy for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Author(s): Shulman LM, Wen X, Weiner WJ, Bateman D, Minagar A, Duncan R, Konefal J. Source: Mov Disord. 2002 July; 17(4): 799-802. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12210879&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture therapy in 67 cases of asthenic childhood prolapse of rectum. Author(s): Jin AD. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 141-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3448397&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture therapy in the management of persistent primary nocturnal enuresis-preliminary results. Author(s): Serel TA, Perk H, Koyuncuoglu HR, Kosar A, Celik K, Deniz N. Source: Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2001 February; 35(1): 40-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11291685&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture TMD and facial pain. Author(s): Thayer T. Source: Saad Dig. 2001 July; 18(3): 3-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11862651&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture to prevent cisplatin-associated vomiting. Author(s): Dundee JW, Ghaly RG, Fitzpatrick KT, Lynch GA, Abram WP. Source: Lancet. 1987 May 9; 1(8541): 1083. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2883410&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture to treat nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): Smith C, Crowther C, Beilby J. Source: Birth. 2002 March; 29(1): 1-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11843784&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture today. Author(s): Ishida Y. Source: South Med J. 1988 July; 81(7): 885-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3393947&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment at Ang Mo Kio Community Hospital--a report on our initial experience. Author(s): Yong D, Lim SH, Zhao CX, Cui SL, Zhang L, Lee TL. Source: Singapore Med J. 1999 April; 40(4): 260-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10487080&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment during labour--a randomised controlled trial. Author(s): Ramnero A, Hanson U, Kihlgren M. Source: Bjog. 2002 June; 109(6): 637-44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12118641&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for 157 cases of anxiety neurosis. Author(s): Zhang H, Zeng Z, Deng H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 55-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747204&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for 30 cases of infantile chronic diarrhea. Author(s): Feng WL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 June; 9(2): 106-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2779270&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for 34 cases of epiphora with dysfunction of lacrimal duct. Author(s): Ni Y, Shi W, Xu X, Wang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 31-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977517&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for 34 cases of uremic cutaneous pruritus. Author(s): Gao H, Zhang W, Wang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 29-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977515&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for 57 cases of hiccup. Author(s): Chen X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 195-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400426&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for agalactia. Author(s): Yao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 128. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412011&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for angina. Author(s): Cheng TO. Source: Cardiology. 1998 October; 90(2): 152. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9778555&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for balance disorders following whiplash injury. Author(s): Fattori B, Borsari C, Vannucci G, Casani A, Cristofani R, Bonuccelli L, Ghilardi PL. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1996 July-December; 21(3-4): 207-17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9051168&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for drug abuse: a technical review. Author(s): McLellan AT, Grossman DS, Blaine JD, Haverkos HW. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1993 November-December; 10(6): 569-76. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8308942&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for duodenal ulcer. Author(s): Debreceni L, Denes L. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(2-3): 105-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2904207&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for gastroptosis. Author(s): Chen Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 December; 16(4): 304-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389109&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for herpes simplex infections. A clinical case report. Author(s): Liao SJ, Liao TA. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1991; 16(3-4): 135-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1685622&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for industry. Author(s): Marcus P. Source: Occup Health (Lond). 1991 November; 43(11): 341-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1775286&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for insomnia and acupuncture analgesia. Author(s): Lin Y. Source: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1995 May; 49(2): 119-20. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8726127&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for irritable bowel syndrome. A double-blind controlled study. Author(s): Fireman Z, Segal A, Kopelman Y, Sternberg A, Carasso R. Source: Digestion. 2001; 64(2): 100-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11684823&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for kidney deficiency with combined application of points mingmen and guanyuan. Author(s): Shen X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 December; 16(4): 275-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389103&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for osteoarthritic pain and inflammation of the knee. Author(s): Kumar AM, Wen XL. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2002 November-December; 8(6): 128, 126. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12440848&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for phantom limb pain. Author(s): Lu TV. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1998 September; 4(5): 124. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9737038&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for psoriasis: a retrospective case report. Author(s): Liao SJ, Liao TA. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992 July-September; 17(3): 195-208. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1357925&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for sprains of the ankle joint in 354 cases. Author(s): Zhang F, Miao Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 September; 10(3): 207-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277522&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment in 102 cases of chronic prostatitis. Author(s): Ge SH, Meng FY, Xu BR. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 99-100. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412022&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment in 96 cases of superior cluneal nerve injury. Author(s): Zhong J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 259-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1795542&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment in epicondylalgia: a comparative study of two acupuncture techniques. Author(s): Haker E, Lundeberg T. Source: Clin J Pain. 1990 September; 6(3): 221-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2135016&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment in the prevention of uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infections in adult women. Author(s): Alraek T, Soedal LI, Fagerheim SU, Digranes A, Baerheim A. Source: Am J Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1609-11. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356607&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of 139 cases of neurodermatitis. Author(s): Yang Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 March; 17(1): 57-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437249&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of 139 cases of neurodermatitis. Author(s): Yang Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 March; 13(1): 3-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8501956&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of 182 cases of abdominal colic due to calculi in the urinary system. Author(s): Yang DL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 247-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2630809&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of 42 cases of insufficient blood supply to vertebrobasilar artery. Author(s): Wang L, Liu X, Miao H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 December; 20(4): 268-70. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11263279&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of 54 cases of sinus bradycardia. Author(s): Gao ZW, Yu XZ, Shen AX, Bao LE, Lin XC, Qiu JH, Wang ZL, Hu ZG, Zhang SH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 185-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3444349&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of 60 cases of numbness due to cerebral arteriosclerosis. Author(s): Cheng BG. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 245-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2630808&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of 61 cases of supraorbital neuralgia. Author(s): Xia SZ, Wang WM, Chen ZS, Zheng JZ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 116-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3448389&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of alcoholic recidivism: a pilot study. Author(s): Bullock ML, Umen AJ, Culliton PD, Olander RT. Source: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1987 June; 11(3): 292-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3307496&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of angina pectoris. Author(s): Li Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 December; 19(4): 279-82. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921132&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of apoplectic hemiplegia. Author(s): Zhang WX, Li SC, Chen GB, Zhang QM, Wangt YX, Fang YA. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 157-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3502162&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of bulbar palsy--a report of 54 cases. Author(s): Liu L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 March; 20(1): 30-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921166&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of cervico-omalgia in 62 cases. Author(s): Ji X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 September; 10(3): 204-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277521&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of chronic low-back pain -- a randomized, blinded, placebocontrolled trial with 9-month follow-up. Author(s): Leibing E, Leonhardt U, Koster G, Goerlitz A, Rosenfeldt JA, Hilgers R, Ramadori G. Source: Pain. 2002 March; 96(1-2): 189-96. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11932074&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of chronic rhinitis in 75 cases. Author(s): Yu S, Cao J, Yu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 June; 13(2): 103-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8412282&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of common cold. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 September; 20(3): 227-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11038989&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of complete traumatic paraplegia--analysis of 261 cases. Author(s): Gao X, Gao C, Gao J, Han C, Han F, Han B, Han L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 June; 16(2): 134-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389143&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of dermopathies and pediatric diseases. Author(s): Sun Y, Wang D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 September; 16(3): 214-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389123&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of discopathic pain. Author(s): Arseni A, Valcoreanu-Zbaganu G, Popescu R, Rosca V. Source: Neurol Psychiatr (Bucur). 1989 October-December; 27(4): 315-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2609082&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of dysmenorrhea. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 December; 19(4): 313-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921141&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of edema. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 June; 16(2): 157-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389148&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of enuresis. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 June; 20(2): 158-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11039011&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of epigastric pain. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 September; 15(3): 238-40. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8569268&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of facial paralysis caused by craniocerebral trauma in 50 cases. Author(s): Zhao J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 47-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747200&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of functional non-ejaculation: a report of 70 cases. Author(s): Chen Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 March; 13(1): 10-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8501950&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of functional uterine bleeding--a clinical observation of 30 cases. Author(s): Liu WC, Zhang J, Zhang YM, Pei TF. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 March; 8(1): 31-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3393017&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of headache. Author(s): Chen Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 272-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877337&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of herpes zoster. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 March; 21(1): 78-80. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11360548&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of hiccup. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 148-51. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12125494&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of hirsutism and its effect on the endocrinosity. Author(s): Wu ZS, Cai XA. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 207-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615459&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of hypotension. Author(s): Zhao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 229-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3444357&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of hysteric aphonia--a report of 27 cases. Author(s): Shen X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 December; 18(4): 253-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453591&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of infantile diarrhea: a report of 1050 cases. Author(s): Su Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 120-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495334&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of manic psychosis. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 September; 16(3): 238-40. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389128&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of melancholia. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 75-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747209&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of menstrual pain. Author(s): Zhao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 March; 8(1): 73-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3393022&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of migraine in Germany. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 June; 18(2): 99-101. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437224&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of morning sickness. Author(s): Zhao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 228-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216670&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of pain dysfunction syndrome after dental extraction. Author(s): Rosted P, Jorgensen V. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 191-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512794&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of Parkinson's disease--a report of 29 cases. Author(s): Zhuang X, Wang L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 December; 20(4): 265-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11263278&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Author(s): Jensen R, Gothesen O, Liseth K, Baerheim A. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 December; 5(6): 521-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10630346&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of patients with radiation-induced xerostomia. Author(s): Blom M, Dawidson I, Fernberg JO, Johnson G, Angmar-Mansson B. Source: Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol. 1996 May; 32B(3): 182-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8762876&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of patients with radiation-induced xerostomia. Author(s): Andersen SW, Machin D. Source: Oral Oncol. 1997 March; 33(2): 146-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9231175&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of phantom limb pain--a report of 9 cases. Author(s): Xing G. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 September; 18(3): 199-201. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453614&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of Raynaud's disease--a report of 43 cases. Author(s): Bao JZ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 December; 8(4): 257-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3246885&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of restless leg syndrome. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 312-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12014138&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and exploration of acupuncture manipulations. Author(s): Xi D, Han J, Zhang Z, Sun Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 March; 12(1): 35-40. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1597997&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of sciatica. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 December; 20(4): 314-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11263291&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of severe knee osteoarthrosis. A long-term study. Author(s): Christensen BV, Iuhl IU, Vilbek H, Bulow HH, Dreijer NC, Rasmussen HF. Source: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1992 August; 36(6): 519-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1514335&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of soft tissue injury. Author(s): Lu S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 September; 12(3): 228-32. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1453765&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of sudden deafness. Author(s): Liu YL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 27-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3613638&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of superficial pain by subcutaneous needling. Author(s): Wu S, Zhu J, Gong W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 117-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12125484&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of syncope based on differentiation of signs and symptoms. Author(s): Deng S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 September; 10(3): 182-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277515&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of traumatic vitreous opacity. Author(s): Qi XM. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 251-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2630811&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of urticaria. Author(s): Chen CJ, Yu HS. Source: Arch Dermatol. 1998 November; 134(11): 1397-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9828874&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of vasomotor symptoms in men with prostatic carcinoma: a pilot study. Author(s): Hammar M, Frisk J, Grimas O, Hook M, Spetz AC, Wyon Y. Source: J Urol. 1999 March; 161(3): 853-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10022700&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of wind stroke. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 December; 16(4): 307-11. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389110&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of xerostomia caused by irradiation of the head and neck region: case reports. Author(s): Blom M, Dawidson I, Angmar-Mansson B. Source: J Oral Rehabil. 1993 September; 20(5): 491-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10412470&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment: side effects and complications reported by Swedish physiotherapists. Author(s): Odsberg A, Schill U, Haker E. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 March; 9(1): 17-20. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11264965&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture update. Author(s): Ulett GA. Source: Biol Psychiatry. 1988 July; 24(3): 247-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3401523&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture used in the management of pain due to arthropathy in a patient with haemophilia. Author(s): Rosted P, Jorgensen V. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 193-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512795&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture utilization in Taiwan. Author(s): Chou P, Lai MY, Chung C, Chen JM, Chen CF. Source: Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 1998 March; 61(3): 151-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9556947&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture versus metoprolol in migraine prophylaxis: a randomized trial of trigger point inactivation. Author(s): Hesse J, Mogelvang B, Simonsen H. Source: J Intern Med. 1994 May; 235(5): 451-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8182401&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture versus ondansetron in the prevention of postoperative vomiting. A study of children undergoing dental surgery. Author(s): Somri M, Vaida SJ, Sabo E, Yassain G, Gankin I, Gaitini LA. Source: Anaesthesia. 2001 October; 56(10): 927-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11576093&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture versus placebo versus sumatriptan for early treatment of migraine attacks: a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): Melchart D, Thormaehlen J, Hager S, Liao J, Linde K, Weidenhammer W. Source: J Intern Med. 2003 February; 253(2): 181-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12542558&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture vs carbamazepine in trigeminal neuralgia. Author(s): Salim M. Source: J Pak Med Assoc. 1993 January; 43(1): 13. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8474213&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture wins BMA approval. Author(s): Silvert M. Source: Bmj. 2000 July 1; 321(7252): 11. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10875823&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture within the National Health Service: a personal perspective. Author(s): West Z. Source: Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 1997 June; 3(3): 83-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9439256&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture, fools, and horses. Author(s): Ernst E. Source: J Pain Symptom Manage. 1997 December; 14(6): 325-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9409095&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture, touch, and the placebo response. Author(s): Campbell A. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2000 March; 8(1): 43-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10812760&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and laser therapy in chronic pain. Author(s): Fargas-Babjak A. Source: Clin J Pain. 2001 December; 17(4 Suppl): S105-13. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11783823&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Author(s): Nasir LS. Source: Prim Care. 2002 June; 29(2): 393-405. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12391718&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Author(s): Vickers A, Wilson P, Kleijnen J. Source: Qual Saf Health Care. 2002 March; 11(1): 92-7. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12078381&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Author(s): Dahlgren C. Source: Step Perspect. 1998 Fall; 98(3): 19-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11365825&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Author(s): Coggins M. Source: J Midwifery Womens Health. 2000 January-February; 45(1): 84. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10772741&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Author(s): Wilson JM. Source: N Z Med J. 1987 June 24; 100(826): 393. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3451118&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. A review. Author(s): Hsu DT. Source: Reg Anesth. 1996 July-August; 21(4): 361-70. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8837198&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. A useful complement of anesthesia? Author(s): Akca O, Sessler DI. Source: Minerva Anestesiol. 2002 April; 68(4): 147-51. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12024072&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Essential information for nurse practitioners. Author(s): Capili B, Weinberg AR. Source: Adv Nurse Pract. 2003 February; 11(2): 81-5. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12640825&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Pinpointing the problems. Author(s): Robinson N. Source: Nurs Times. 1988 November 2-8; 84(44): 41-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3205757&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. The point of health. Author(s): Churchill W. Source: Nurs Times. 1988 November 2-8; 84(44): 38-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3205756&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. The West gets the point. Author(s): Hsu DT, Diehl DL. Source: Lancet. 1998 December 19-26; 352 Suppl 4: Siv1. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9872148&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture/acupressure for weight reduction? A systematic review. Author(s): Ernst E. Source: Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1997 January 31; 109(2): 60-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9123946&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture/acupressure to treat gagging dental patients: a clinical study of antigagging effects. Author(s): Lu DP, Lu GP, Reed JF 3rd. Source: Gen Dent. 2000 July-August; 48(4): 446-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11199620&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: a physician's primer, Part I. Author(s): Altshuler LH, Maher JH. Source: J Okla State Med Assoc. 2002 August; 95(8): 527-33. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12185986&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: a physician's primer, Part II. Author(s): Altshuler LH, Maher JH. Source: J Okla State Med Assoc. 2003 January; 96(1): 13-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12632848&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: a possible therapeutic modality in the treatment of craniomandibular dysfunctions. Author(s): Ramer E. Source: Cranio. 1989 April; 7(2): 144-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2611905&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: a review of its history, theories, and indications. Author(s): Ceniceros S, Brown GR. Source: South Med J. 1998 December; 91(12): 1121-5. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9853723&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: a scientific review and clinical applications. Author(s): Syrop S. Source: Ann Dent. 1998 October; 2(1): 4-5, 9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11305065&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: a unique effort to treat periodontal disease. Author(s): Schoor RS, Sussman HI, Kazandjian GK. Source: J Am Dent Assoc. 2001 December; 132(12): 1705-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11780990&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: alternative modalities for pain management. Author(s): Gellman H, Pian-Smith MC, Botte MJ. Source: Instr Course Lect. 2000; 49: 559-63. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10829210&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: an evidence-based review of the clinical literature. Author(s): Mayer DJ. Source: Annu Rev Med. 2000; 51: 49-63. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10774452&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: an important treatment option. Author(s): Jackson L. Source: Nurse Pract. 1988 September; 13(9): 55-6, 59, 62-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3173822&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: archaic or biologic? Author(s): Ulett GA. Source: Am J Public Health. 2003 July; 93(7): 1037; Author Reply 1037-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12835171&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: can it take the pain away? Author(s): Senior K. Source: Mol Med Today. 1996 April; 2(4): 150-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8796876&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: contacts between East and West. Experience and science. Lecture at Symposium on Acupuncture, Uppsala, 9/10 1992. Author(s): Holmdahl MH. Source: Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1993; 29: 19-29. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8122075&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: does it have a place in military general practice? Author(s): Scott CW. Source: J R Army Med Corps. 1998 February; 144(1): 24-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9694011&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: does it work and, if so, how? Author(s): Langevin HM, Vaillancourt PD. Source: Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 1999 July; 4(3): 167-75. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10498784&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: evidence and implications for cancer supportive care. Author(s): Shen J, Glaspy J. Source: Cancer Pract. 2001 May-June; 9(3): 147-50. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11879300&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: evidence for its use in chronic low back pain. Author(s): Henderson H. Source: Br J Nurs. 2002 November 28-December 11; 11(21): 1395-403. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12514474&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: from empirical to evidence-based medicine. Author(s): Xiao SD, Liu WZ. Source: Gastrointest Endosc. 2001 February; 53(2): 259-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11174315&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: from needle to laser. Author(s): Wong TW, Fung KP. Source: Fam Pract. 1991 June; 8(2): 168-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1874364&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: its use in medicine. Author(s): Pearl D, Schrollinger E. Source: West J Med. 1999 September; 171(3): 176-80. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10560293&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: neuropeptide release produced by electrical stimulation of different frequencies. Author(s): Han JS. Source: Trends Neurosci. 2003 January; 26(1): 17-22. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12495858&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: neurophysiological perspectives. Author(s): Hirokawa S. Source: Disabil Rehabil. 1999 March; 21(3): 131-2; Discussion 137-8. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10206354&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: new perspectives in chemical dependency treatment. Author(s): Brumbaugh AG. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1993 January-February; 10(1): 35-43. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8450571&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: pain management coupled to immune stimulation. Author(s): Gollub RL, Hui KK, Stefano GB. Source: Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 September; 20(9): 769-77. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11245083&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: safety first. Author(s): Ernst E, White A. Source: Bmj. 1997 May 10; 314(7091): 1362. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9161302&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: the best of the rest. Author(s): Thayer T. Source: Saad Dig. 2002 July; 19(3): 5-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12613346&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: the patient doesn't move around. Author(s): Schulte E. Source: Rn. 1997 February; 60(2): 9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9171727&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: the search for biologic evidence with functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography techniques. Author(s): Cho ZH, Oleson TD, Alimi D, Niemtzow RC. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 August; 8(4): 399-401. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230898&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. Author(s): Kaptchuk TJ. Source: Ann Intern Med. 2002 March 5; 136(5): 374-83. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11874310&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: where East meets West. Author(s): Schulte E. Source: Rn. 1996 October; 59(10): 55-7. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8918783&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture--a critical evaluation. Author(s): Joshi YM. Source: J Assoc Physicians India. 1992 March; 40(3): 184-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1634485&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture--a needle of a different gauge. Author(s): Marghi JR. Source: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1996 April 22; 6(9): 12. No Abstract Available. Erratum In: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C) 1996 July 1; 6(14): 13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9433269&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture-associated arthritis in a joint with an orthopaedic implant. Author(s): Laing AJ, Mullett H, Gilmore MF. Source: J Infect. 2002 January; 44(1): 43-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11972418&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture--from empiricism to science: functional background to acupuncture effects in pain and disease. Author(s): Andersson S, Lundeberg T. Source: Med Hypotheses. 1995 September; 45(3): 271-81. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8569551&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture-like stimulation with codetron for rehabilitation of patients with chronic pain syndrome and osteoarthritis. Author(s): Fargas-Babjak AM, Pomeranz B, Rooney PJ. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992; 17(2): 95-105. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1353654&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture--what we should know. Author(s): Shu JC. Source: Pa Med. 1987 July; 90(7): 55-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3627807&dopt=Abstract

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Acute effects of acupuncture on physiological and psychological responses to cycle ergometry. Author(s): Karvelas BR, Hoffman MD, Zeni AI. Source: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996 December; 77(12): 1256-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8976308&dopt=Abstract

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Acute HIV infection after acupuncture treatments. Author(s): Vittecoq D, Mettetal JF, Rouzioux C, Bach JF, Bouchon JP. Source: N Engl J Med. 1989 January 26; 320(4): 250-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2911312&dopt=Abstract

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Acute intracranial hemorrhage caused by acupuncture. Author(s): Choo DC, Yue G. Source: Headache. 2000 May; 40(5): 397-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10849036&dopt=Abstract

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Acute low back pain treated by spinal manipulation and electronic acupuncture. Author(s): Fisher HW. Source: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1992 March-April; 15(3): 199-202. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1533417&dopt=Abstract

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Addition of acupuncture and self-care education in the treatment of patients with severe angina pectoris may be cost beneficial: an open, prospective study. Author(s): Ballegaard S, Johannessen A, Karpatschof B, Nyboe J. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 October; 5(5): 405-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10537240&dopt=Abstract

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Adductor spasmodic dysphonia: case reports with acoustic analysis following botulinum toxin injection and acupuncture. Author(s): Crevier-Buchman L, Laccourreye O, Papon JF, Nurit D, Brasnu D. Source: J Voice. 1997 June; 11(2): 232-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9181547&dopt=Abstract

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Advanced in studies on acupuncture abstinence. Author(s): Cui M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 March; 16(1): 65-9 Concl. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8758714&dopt=Abstract

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Advances in clinical research on common mental disorders with computer controlled electro-acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Luo H, Jia Y, Feng X, Zhao X, Tang LC. Source: Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995; 363: 109-22. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7618513&dopt=Abstract

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Advances in studies on acupuncture abstinence. Author(s): Cui M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 December; 15(4): 301-7, Contd. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8709614&dopt=Abstract

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Advances in the acupuncture treatment of acne. Author(s): Dai G. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 March; 17(1): 65-72. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437251&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse effects of acupuncture. Author(s): McIntyre M, Jobst KA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Summer; 2(2): 257-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395656&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse effects of acupuncture. Author(s): Norheim AJ, Fonnebo V. Source: Lancet. 1995 June 17; 345(8964): 1576. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7791466&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse effects of acupuncture: a study of the literature for the years 1981-1994. Author(s): Norheim AJ. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Summer; 2(2): 291-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395661&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse events associated with acupuncture reported in 2000. Author(s): White A, Ernst E. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 136-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829162&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse events following acupuncture: prospective survey of 32 000 consultations with doctors and physiotherapists. Author(s): White A, Hayhoe S, Hart A, Ernst E. Source: Bmj. 2001 September 1; 323(7311): 485-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11532840&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse events in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment: a six-year survey at a national clinic in Japan. Author(s): Yamashita H, Tsukayama H, Tanno Y, Nishijo K. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 June; 5(3): 229-36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10381246&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse events of acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders. Author(s): List T, Helkimo M. Source: Cranio. 1992 October; 10(4): 318-24; Discussion 324-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1291106&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse events related to acupuncture. Author(s): Yamashita H, Tsukayama H, Tanno Y, Nishijo K. Source: Jama. 1998 November 11; 280(18): 1563-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9820249&dopt=Abstract

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Alterations in electrical pain thresholds by use of acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in pain-free subjects. Author(s): Rieb L, Pomeranz B. Source: Phys Ther. 1992 September; 72(9): 658-67. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1508973&dopt=Abstract

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Alternate modes of practice. Part 1. Acupuncture. Author(s): Caloz M. Source: Ont Dent. 1989 October; 66(8): 19, 21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2637971&dopt=Abstract

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Alternative approaches to the medical management of angina pectoris: acupuncture, electrical nerve stimulation, and spinal cord stimulation. Author(s): Bueno EA, Mamtani R, Frishman WH. Source: Heart Dis. 2001 July-August; 3(4): 236-41. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11975800&dopt=Abstract

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Alternative approaches to the medical management of cardiovascular disease: acupuncture, electrical nerve, and spinal cord stimulation. Author(s): Longhurst JC. Source: Heart Dis. 2001 July-August; 3(4): 215-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11975795&dopt=Abstract

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Alternative treatments in reproductive medicine: much ado about nothing. Acupuncture-a method of treatment in reproductive medicine: lack of evidence of an effect does not equal evidence of the lack of an effect. Author(s): Stener-Victorin E, Wikland M, Waldenstrom U, Lundeberg T. Source: Hum Reprod. 2002 August; 17(8): 1942-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12151417&dopt=Abstract

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An acupuncture programme for the treatment of drug-addicted persons. Author(s): Smith MO, Khan I. Source: Bull Narc. 1988; 40(1): 35-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3219455&dopt=Abstract

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An acupuncture-associated outbreak of hepatitis B in Jerusalem. Author(s): Slater PE, Ben-Ishai P, Leventhal A, Zahger D, Bashary A, Moses A, Costin C, Shouval D. Source: Eur J Epidemiol. 1988 September; 4(3): 322-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3181383&dopt=Abstract

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An approach to the integration of acupuncture and drug. Author(s): Gao X, Rao H, Niu X, Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 March; 21(1): 45-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11360540&dopt=Abstract

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An approach to the mechanisms of laser acupuncture in treatment of exophthalmic hyperthyroidism. Author(s): Ge TY, Du J, Shi XQ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 85-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412018&dopt=Abstract

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An asthmatic death while under Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. Author(s): Ogata M, Kitamura O, Kubo S, Nakasono I. Source: Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1992 December; 13(4): 338-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1288267&dopt=Abstract

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An audit of 500 acupuncture patients in general practice. Author(s): Freedman J. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 March; 20(1): 30-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11926603&dopt=Abstract

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An audit of acupuncture in a single-handed general practice over one year. Author(s): Stellon A. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 36-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471582&dopt=Abstract

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An audit of the effectiveness of acupuncture on musculoskeletal pain in primary health care. Author(s): Kam E, Eslick G, Campbell I. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 March; 20(1): 35-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11926604&dopt=Abstract

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'An empty and happy feeling in the bladder.. .': health changes experienced by women after acupuncture for recurrent cystitis. Author(s): Alraek T, Baerheim A. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 December; 9(4): 219-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12184349&dopt=Abstract

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An evaluation of the treatment effectiveness of the Chicago Health Outreach Acupuncture Clinic. Author(s): Johnstone H, Marcinak J, Luckett M, Scott J. Source: J Holist Nurs. 1994 June; 12(2): 171-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8195574&dopt=Abstract

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An exploratory pilot study of acupuncture on the quality of life and reproductive hormone secretion in menopausal women. Author(s): Dong H, Ludicke F, Comte I, Campana A, Graff P, Bischof P. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2001 December; 7(6): 651-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11822613&dopt=Abstract

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An hypothesis for the prolonged effect of acupuncture. Author(s): Klide AM. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(2): 141-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2575345&dopt=Abstract

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An introduction to sequential electric acupuncture (SEA) in the treatment of stress related physical and mental disorders. Author(s): Chen A. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992 October-December; 17(4): 273-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1362037&dopt=Abstract

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An observation of 1316 cases of hysterical paralysis treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang ZY, Yuan YM, Yan BW, Tian YQ, Wang W, Fan LM. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 113-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3502355&dopt=Abstract

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An observation on the therapeutic effect of acupuncture in the treatment of sciatica. Author(s): Li Q, Lu S, Luo JM, Liang SZ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 June; 9(2): 90-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2779282&dopt=Abstract

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An observation on the treatment of 34 cases of vascular headache with headacupuncture therapy. Author(s): Sheng LL, Yang HY, Li ZH, Yu LH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 March; 9(1): 25-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2761278&dopt=Abstract

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An overview of acupuncture medicine. Author(s): Hurtak JJ. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 October; 8(5): 535-8. No Abstract Available. Erratum In: J Altern Complement Med. 2003 February; 9(1): 179. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12470432&dopt=Abstract

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An overview of medical acupuncture. Author(s): Helms JM. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1998 May; 4(3): 35-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9581320&dopt=Abstract

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Analgesic effect of acupuncture on acute intestinal colic in 190 cases. Author(s): Jiang R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 March; 10(1): 20-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2362458&dopt=Abstract

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Analgesic effects of acupuncture on pain after mandibular wisdom tooth extraction. Author(s): Kitade T, Ohyabu H. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2000; 25(2): 109-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10968648&dopt=Abstract

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Analgesic effects of auricular acupuncture for cancer pain. Author(s): Alimi D, Rubino C, Leandri EP, Brule SF. Source: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000 February; 19(2): 81-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10766574&dopt=Abstract

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Analysis of therapeutic effects of acupuncture on abstinence from smoking. Author(s): Jiang A, Cui M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 March; 14(1): 56-63. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8196420&dopt=Abstract

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Analysis on the therapeutic effect of combined use of acupuncture and mediation in 297 cases of male sterility. Author(s): Zheng Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 September; 17(3): 190-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437193&dopt=Abstract

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Another theory available for explaining acupuncture. Author(s): Zilberter T. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1996 May; 2(3): 17. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8795895&dopt=Abstract

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Antiemetic studies with traditional Chinese acupuncture. A comparison of manual needling with electrical stimulation and commonly used antiemetics. Author(s): Ghaly RG, Fitzpatrick KT, Dundee JW. Source: Anaesthesia. 1987 October; 42(10): 1108-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3688396&dopt=Abstract

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Anti-phlogistic and immunocompetent effects of acupuncture treatment in women suffering from chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases. Author(s): Wozniak PR, Stachowiak GP, Pieta-Dolinska AK, Oszukowski PJ. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2003; 31(2): 315-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12856870&dopt=Abstract

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Apparent adverse outcome of acupuncture. Author(s): Leavy BR. Source: J Am Board Fam Pract. 2002 May-June; 15(3): 246-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12038734&dopt=Abstract

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Application of acupuncture and moxibustion for keeping shape. Author(s): Liu Z, Sun F, Li J, Han Y, Wei Q, Liu C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 December; 18(4): 265-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453595&dopt=Abstract

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Application of acupuncture to gastroscopy using a fibreoptic endoscope. Author(s): Chu H, Zhao SZ, Huang YY. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 December; 7(4): 279. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3449710&dopt=Abstract

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Application of biao-ben differentiation in acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Jiang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 259-61. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877333&dopt=Abstract

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Application of intensified (+) Qi Gong energy, (-) electrical field, (S) magnetic field, electrical pulses (1-2 pulses/sec), strong Shiatsu massage or acupuncture on the accurate organ representation areas of the hands to improve circulation and enhance drug uptake in pathological organs: clinical applications with special emphasis on the “Chlamydia-(Lyme)-uric acid syndrome” and “Chlamydia-(cytomegalovirus)-uric acid syndrome”. Author(s): Omura Y, Beckman SL. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1995 January-March; 20(1): 21-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7572329&dopt=Abstract

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Applying TCM theories to improve the curative effects of acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Qiu ML. Source: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1988; 13(1): 10-6. Chinese, English. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3143498&dopt=Abstract

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Aqueous acupuncture for postoperative pain--a matched controlled trial. Author(s): Chen SC, Lu SN, Lai CT, Jean JY, Hsiao CL, Hsu PT. Source: Gaoxiong Yi Xue Ke Xue Za Zhi. 1991 September; 7(9): 466-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1779440&dopt=Abstract

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Are acupuncture points tender? A blinded study of Spleen 6. Author(s): Janovsky B, White AR, Filshie J, Hart A, Ernst E. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 April; 6(2): 149-55. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10784272&dopt=Abstract

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Are psychosocial factors related to response to acupuncture among patients with knee osteoarthritis? Author(s): Creamer P, Singh BB, Hochberg MC, Berman BM. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1999 July; 5(4): 72-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10394677&dopt=Abstract

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Argyria after short-contact acupuncture. Author(s): Legat FJ, Goessler W, Schlagenhaufen C, Soyer HP. Source: Lancet. 1998 July 18; 352(9123): 241. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9683248&dopt=Abstract

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Arthralgia treated by acupuncture within “Chifu” area. Author(s): Fang Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 September; 19(3): 207-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921152&dopt=Abstract

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Assessment of acupuncture in the prevention of sudden death from coronary heart disease. Author(s): Tang ZL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 143-6. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3329265&dopt=Abstract

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Assessment of beliefs in the effectiveness of acupuncture for treatment of psychiatric symptoms. Author(s): Dennehy EB, Webb A, Suppes T. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 August; 8(4): 421-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230902&dopt=Abstract

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Attenuation of somatosensory evoked potentials by acupuncture and tactile skin stimulation in man. Author(s): Kawashima Y, Toma S, Nakajima Y. Source: Brain Topogr. 1991 Fall; 4(1): 37-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1764349&dopt=Abstract

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Attitudes to the contribution of placebo in acupuncture--a survey. Author(s): Norheim AJ, Fonnebo V. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2002 December; 10(4): 202-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12594970&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture and auricular medicine. Author(s): Soliman N, Frank BL. Source: Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 1999 August; 10(3): 547-54, Viii. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10516975&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture as an adjunctive treatment for cocaine addiction. A pilot study. Author(s): Otto KC, Quinn C, Sung YF. Source: Am J Addict. 1998 Spring; 7(2): 164-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9598220&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture for smoking. Author(s): Friedman J. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992; 17(2): 149-50. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1353651&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture in the treatment of cocaine abuse. A study of efficacy and dosing. Author(s): Bullock ML, Kiresuk TJ, Pheley AM, Culliton PD, Lenz SK. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1999 January; 16(1): 31-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9888119&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture in the treatment of female infertility. Author(s): Gerhard I, Postneek F. Source: Gynecol Endocrinol. 1992 September; 6(3): 171-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1442162&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture, education, and smoking cessation: a randomized, shamcontrolled trial. Author(s): Bier ID, Wilson J, Studt P, Shakleton M. Source: Am J Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1642-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356614&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture: a potential treatment for anxiety. Author(s): Wang SM, Kain ZN. Source: Anesth Analg. 2001 February; 92(2): 548-53. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11159266&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular complication of acupuncture. Author(s): Gilbert JG. Source: N Z Med J. 1987 March 11; 100(819): 141-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3452023&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular stimulation and acupuncture as an adjuvant to an anti-smoking programme: analysis of the results of a 1-year experience. Author(s): Ballal SG, Khawaji YN. Source: Tuber Lung Dis. 1992 December; 73(6): 396. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1292723&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular stud acupuncture in palliative care patients. Author(s): Dillon M, Lucas C. Source: Palliat Med. 1999 May; 13(3): 253-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10474714&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular-plaster therapy plus acupuncture at zusanli for postoperative recovery of intestinal function. Author(s): Wan Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 June; 20(2): 134-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11039005&dopt=Abstract

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Basal cell carcinoma of the earlobe after auricular acupuncture. Author(s): Brouard M, Kaya G, Vecchietti G, Chavaz P, Harms M. Source: Dermatology. 2002; 204(2): 142-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11937742&dopt=Abstract

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Belfast experience with P6 acupuncture antiemesis. Author(s): Dundee JW. Source: Ulster Med J. 1990 April; 59(1): 63-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2349751&dopt=Abstract

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Beneficial effect of acupuncture on adult patients with asthma bronchiale. Author(s): Zwolfer W, Keznickl-Hillebrand W, Spacek A, Cartellieri M, Grubhofer G. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1993; 21(2): 113-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8237888&dopt=Abstract

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Bilateral hand oedema related to acupuncture. Author(s): McCartney CJ, Herriot R, Chambers WA. Source: Pain. 2000 February; 84(2-3): 429-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10666550&dopt=Abstract

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Bilateral pneumothorax after acupuncture. Author(s): Kao CL, Chang JP. Source: J Emerg Med. 2002 January; 22(1): 101-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11809566&dopt=Abstract

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Bilateral psoas abscesses following acupuncture. Author(s): Garcia AA, Venkataramani A. Source: West J Med. 1994 July; 161(1): 90. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7941526&dopt=Abstract

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Bilateral tension pneumothoraces after acupuncture. Author(s): Wright RS, Kupperman JL, Liebhaber MI. Source: West J Med. 1991 January; 154(1): 102-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2024504&dopt=Abstract

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Bioelectrochemical oscillations in signal transduction and acupuncture--an emerging paradigm. Author(s): Shang C. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1993; 21(1): 91-101. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8328428&dopt=Abstract

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Biological mechanisms of acupuncture. Author(s): Mayer DJ. Source: Prog Brain Res. 2000; 122: 457-77. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10737077&dopt=Abstract

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Biomechanical response to acupuncture needling in humans. Author(s): Langevin HM, Churchill DL, Fox JR, Badger GJ, Garra BS, Krag MH. Source: J Appl Physiol. 2001 December; 91(6): 2471-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11717207&dopt=Abstract

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Bladder instability and enuresis treated by acupuncture and electro-therapeutics: early urodynamic observations. Author(s): Minni B, Capozza N, Creti G, De Gennaro M, Caione P, Bischko J. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1990; 15(1): 19-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1973577&dopt=Abstract

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Blood pressure response to acupuncture in a population at risk for autonomic dysreflexia. Author(s): Averill A, Cotter AC, Nayak S, Matheis RJ, Shiflett SC. Source: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000 November; 81(11): 1494-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11083354&dopt=Abstract

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Bloodletting acupuncture for the prevention of stridor in children after tracheal extubation: a randomised, controlled study. Author(s): Saghaei M, Razavi S. Source: Anaesthesia. 2001 October; 56(10): 961-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11576098&dopt=Abstract

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Bloodletting acupuncture of the engorged vein around Bl-40 (Wei-Chung) for acute lumbar sprain. Author(s): Chen CJ, Tsai WC, Yen JH, Tsai JJ, Ou TT, Lin CC, Liu HW. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2001; 29(3-4): 387-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11789581&dopt=Abstract

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BMA approves acupuncture. BMA report is wrong. Author(s): Moore RA, McQuay HJ, Oldman AD, Smith LE. Source: Bmj. 2000 November 11; 321(7270): 1220-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11073519&dopt=Abstract

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BMA approves acupuncture. Is approval of acupuncture for back pain really evidence based? Author(s): Kovacs FM, Gil del Real MT. Source: Bmj. 2000 November 11; 321(7270): 1221. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11073520&dopt=Abstract

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Body acupuncture: effect on colonic function in chronic constipation. Author(s): Klauser AG, Rubach A, Bertsche O, Muller-Lissner SA. Source: Z Gastroenterol. 1993 October; 31(10): 605-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8256475&dopt=Abstract

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Botulinum toxin: application into acupuncture points for migraine. Author(s): Tamura BM, Chang B. Source: Dermatol Surg. 2003 July; 29(7): 749-54. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12828700&dopt=Abstract

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Brainstem auditory evoked response changes following electro-acupuncture therapy in chronic pain patients. Author(s): Kumar A, Tandon OP, Dam S, Bhattacharya A, Tyagi KK. Source: Anaesthesia. 1994 May; 49(5): 387-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8209976&dopt=Abstract

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Bridging the gap in complementary and alternative medicine research: manualization as a means of promoting standardization and flexibility of treatment in clinical trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Schnyer RN, Allen JJ. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 October; 8(5): 623-34. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12470444&dopt=Abstract

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Bruce Pomeranz, PHD. Acupuncture and the raison d'etre for alternative medicine. Interview by Bonnie Horrigan. Author(s): Pomeranz B. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1996 November; 2(6): 85-91. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8942049&dopt=Abstract

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Can acupuncture have specific effects on health? A systematic review of acupuncture antiemesis trials. Author(s): Vickers AJ. Source: J R Soc Med. 1996 June; 89(6): 303-11. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8758186&dopt=Abstract

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Can Western science provide a foundation for acupuncture? Author(s): Rubik B. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1995 September; 1(4): 41-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9359809&dopt=Abstract

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Capsicum plaster at the korean hand acupuncture point reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting after abdominal hysterectomy. Author(s): Kim KS, Koo MS, Jeon JW, Park HS, Seung IS. Source: Anesth Analg. 2002 October; 95(4): 1103-7, Table of Contents. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12351304&dopt=Abstract

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Cardiac tamponade caused by penetration of an acupuncture needle into the right ventricle. Author(s): Kataoka H. Source: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1997 October; 114(4): 674-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9338656&dopt=Abstract

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Cardiac tamponade following acupuncture. Author(s): Kirchgatterer A, Schwarz CD, Holler E, Punzengruber C, Hartl P, Eber B. Source: Chest. 2000 May; 117(5): 1510-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10807845&dopt=Abstract

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Cardiac tamponade following acupuncture. Author(s): Cheng TO. Source: Chest. 2000 December; 118(6): 1836-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11115486&dopt=Abstract

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Cardiovascular and endocrine effects of acupuncture in hypertensive patients. Author(s): Chiu YJ, Chi A, Reid IA. Source: Clin Exp Hypertens. 1997 October; 19(7): 1047-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9310203&dopt=Abstract

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Carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical outcome after low-level laser acupuncture, microamps transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and other alternative therapies--an open protocol study. Author(s): Branco K, Naeser MA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 February; 5(1): 5-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10100028&dopt=Abstract

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Case report: acupuncture for carpal tunnel syndrome. Ultrasound assessment of adjunct therapy. Author(s): Banner R, Hudson EW. Source: Can Fam Physician. 2001 March; 47: 547-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11281088&dopt=Abstract

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Case report: successful treatment of varicose veins with acupuncture. Author(s): Bodenheim R. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 23-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513095&dopt=Abstract

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Case reports of two patients with pneumothorax following acupuncture. Author(s): Vilke GM, Wulfert EA. Source: J Emerg Med. 1997 March-April; 15(2): 155-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9144054&dopt=Abstract

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CD30-positive T-cell-rich pseudolymphoma induced by gold acupuncture. Author(s): Kim KJ, Lee MW, Choi JH, Sung KJ, Moon KC, Koh JK. Source: Br J Dermatol. 2002 May; 146(5): 882-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12000389&dopt=Abstract

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Cell membrane activities and regeneration mechanisms as therapy mediators in moxibustion and acupuncture treatments: theoretical considerations. Author(s): Sternfeld M, Finkelstein Y, Eliraz A, Hod I. Source: Med Hypotheses. 1990 March; 31(3): 227-31. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2189065&dopt=Abstract

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Central nervous pathway for acupuncture stimulation: localization of processing with functional MR imaging of the brain--preliminary experience. Author(s): Wu MT, Hsieh JC, Xiong J, Yang CF, Pan HB, Chen YC, Tsai G, Rosen BR, Kwong KK. Source: Radiology. 1999 July; 212(1): 133-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10405732&dopt=Abstract

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Cerebral cortex participation in the physiological mechanisms of acupuncture stimulation: a study by auditory endogenous potentials (P300). Author(s): Hsieh CL, Li TC, Lin CY, Tang NY, Chang QY, Lin JG. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1998; 26(3-4): 265-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9862014&dopt=Abstract

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Cerebrospinal fluid dynorphin1-17 and beta-endorphin in late pregnancy and six months after delivery. No influence of acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Lyrenas S, Nyberg F, Lutsch H, Lindberg B, Terenius L. Source: Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1987 June; 115(2): 253-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2885996&dopt=Abstract

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Cervical spinal cord injury caused by acupuncture. Author(s): Kida Y, Naritomi H, Sawada T, Kuriyama Y, Ogawa M, Miyamoto S. Source: Arch Neurol. 1988 August; 45(8): 831. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3395253&dopt=Abstract

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Cervical spinal epidural abscess following acupuncture: successful treatment with antibiotics. Author(s): Yazawa S, Ohi T, Sugimoto S, Satoh S, Matsukura S. Source: Intern Med. 1998 February; 37(2): 161-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9550597&dopt=Abstract

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Cervical spondylopathy involving the vertebral arteries treated by body-acupuncture combined with scalp-acupuncture in 72 cases. Author(s): Li B, Chai F, Gao H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 197-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400427&dopt=Abstract

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Changed skin blood perfusion in the fingertip following acupuncture needle introduction as evaluated by laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Author(s): Litscher G, Wang L, Huber E, Nilsson G. Source: Lasers Med Sci. 2002; 17(1): 19-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11845364&dopt=Abstract

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Changes of cerebral endogenous evoked potentials by acupuncture stimulation: a P300 study. Author(s): Abad-Alegria F, Galve JA, Martinez T. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1995; 23(2): 115-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7572771&dopt=Abstract

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Characterisation of human skin conductance at acupuncture points. Author(s): Comunetti A, Laage S, Schiessl N, Kistler A. Source: Experientia. 1995 April 15; 51(4): 328-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7729497&dopt=Abstract

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Characteristics and quality of systematic reviews of acupuncture, herbal medicines, and homeopathy. Author(s): Linde K, ter Riet G, Hondras M, Melchart D, Willich SN. Source: Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2003 April; 10(2): 88-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12808368&dopt=Abstract

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Chest pain and breathlessness after acupuncture--again. Author(s): Jones KS. Source: Med J Aust. 1998 September 21; 169(6): 344. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9785544&dopt=Abstract

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Chest pain and breathlessness after acupuncture--again. Author(s): Fulde GW. Source: Med J Aust. 1998 July 6; 169(1): 64. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9695712&dopt=Abstract

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Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture. How do patients who consult family physicians use these therapies? Author(s): Wong LK, Jue P, Lam A, Yeung W, Cham-Wah Y, Birtwhistle R. Source: Can Fam Physician. 1998 May; 44: 1009-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9612586&dopt=Abstract

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Chronic epicondylitis: effects of real and sham acupuncture treatment: a randomised controlled patient- and examiner-blinded long-term trial. Author(s): Fink M, Wolkenstein E, Luennemann M, Gutenbrunner C, Gehrke A, Karst M. Source: Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2002 August; 9(4): 210-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12232492&dopt=Abstract

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Chronic neck pain: a comparison of acupuncture treatment and physiotherapy. Author(s): David J, Modi S, Aluko AA, Robertshaw C, Farebrother J. Source: Br J Rheumatol. 1998 October; 37(10): 1118-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9825752&dopt=Abstract

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Chronic spinal pain syndromes: a clinical pilot trial comparing acupuncture, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and spinal manipulation. Author(s): Nicholson WR. Source: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2000 May; 23(4): 297-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10820308&dopt=Abstract

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Chronic spinal pain syndromes: a clinical pilot trial comparing acupuncture, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and spinal manipulation. Author(s): Giles LG, Muller R. Source: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1999 July-August; 22(6): 376-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10478769&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical and experimental studies in treating diabetes mellitus by acupuncture. Author(s): Chen D, Gong D, Zhai Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 September; 14(3): 163-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7799646&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical and experimental studies on acupuncture treatment of apoplexy at the convalescent stage by consciousness-restoring method. Author(s): Li F, Zhang C, Han J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 June; 17(2): 109-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437178&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical application of ciliao in acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Qian X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 June; 19(2): 126-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10681871&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical application of contralateral acupuncture technique. Author(s): Lu F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 June; 17(2): 124-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437182&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical application of point-through-point acupuncture. Author(s): Ma Y, Wang C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 154-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495342&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical applications of acupuncture in anesthesia practice. Author(s): Reilly MP. Source: Crna. 2000 November; 11(4): 173-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11866024&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical applications of acupuncture: an overview of the evidence. Author(s): Berman BM. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2001; 7 Suppl 1: S111-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11822625&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical decisions in the use of acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee. Author(s): Singh BB, Berman BM, Hadhazy V, Bareta J, Lao L, Zarow FM, Hochberg M. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2001 July-August; 7(4): 58-65. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11452568&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical effect of acupuncture treatment in 109 cases of knee osteoarthritis. Author(s): Jiang A, Zhang L, Zhao C, Yang F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 282-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12014131&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical experience in acupuncture treatment of facial paralysis. Author(s): Zhang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 September; 17(3): 217-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437200&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical experience in acupuncture treatment of obesity. Author(s): Li J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 March; 19(1): 48-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453584&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical experience in electro-acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Sun L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 40-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747196&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical management of needle-phobia patients requiring acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Lu DP, Lu GP. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1999; 24(3-4): 189-201. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10768416&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation of acupuncture treatment of hyperlipemia. Author(s): Yan J, Wang JJ, Yi SX, Li WL, Wang LH, Yao XX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 97-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412021&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation of therapeutic effects of wrist-ankle acupuncture in 88 cases of sciatica. Author(s): Chu Z, Bai D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 December; 17(4): 280-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437212&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on 100 cases of cardiac surgery with acupuncture anaesthesia. Author(s): Hsien-I PP. Source: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1988; 13(1): 21-9. Chinese, English. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3143500&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on 219 cases of arm-numbness treated by acupuncture at the experiential point biling. Author(s): Meng Q, Zhao C, Liu R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 18-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437256&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on 25 cases of hormone dependent bronchial asthma treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 27-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437259&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on 617 cases of pediatric syndrome of atrophic paralysis of the limbs treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Shi BP, Lin LY, Bu HD. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 179-81. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615450&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on acupuncture therapy for cerebral hemorrhage. Author(s): Li DM, Li WD, Wei LH, Zhao YL, Lu HL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 March; 9(1): 9-13. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2761287&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on acupuncture treatment of cerebrovascular dementia--a report of 32 cases. Author(s): Chen B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 September; 21(3): 174-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11789319&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on acupuncture treatment of persistent facial paralysis. Author(s): Xing W, Liu H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 March; 17(1): 18-20. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437238&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on acupuncture treatment of uroschesis. Author(s): Men Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 September; 18(3): 182-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453608&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on combined use of herbal medicine and acupuncture for treatment of 50 cases of biliary ascariasis complicated by infection. Author(s): Liangmin L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 September; 16(3): 194-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389118&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on correcting malposition of fetus by electro-acupuncture. Author(s): Li Q, Wang L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 December; 16(4): 260-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389098&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on efficacy of electro-acupuncture therapy in hyperplasia of mammary glands and its effect on immunological function. Author(s): Guo C, Zhang W, Zheng S, Ju D, Zhao C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 December; 16(4): 281-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389105&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on electrothermal acupuncture in treatment of 16 cases of vulvar dystrophy. Author(s): Yan B, Liu S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 December; 19(4): 290-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921135&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on head acupuncture treatment of 100 cases of hemiplegia with the through-to-through chou-tian technique. Author(s): Shi Y, Song Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 June; 16(2): 129-33. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9389142&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on scalp acupuncture treatment in 50 cases of headache. Author(s): Tang W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 190-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400424&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on the therapeutic effects of wrist-ankle acupuncture in treatment of pain of various origins. Author(s): Zhu Z, Wang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 September; 18(3): 192-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453611&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on therapeutic effect of acupuncture at zusanli for leukopenia. Author(s): Wei Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 June; 18(2): 94-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437222&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observations on 109 cases of vocal nodules treated with acupuncture and Chinese drugs. Author(s): Yang S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 September; 20(3): 202-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11038984&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observations on acupuncture treatment of peripheral facial paralysis aided by infra-red thermography--a preliminary report. Author(s): Zhang D, Wei Z, Wen B, Gao H, Peng Y, Wang F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 June; 11(2): 139-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861521&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observations on acupuncture treatment of pseudobulbar palsy--a report of 325 cases. Author(s): Shi X, Yang Z, Zhang C, Zhou J, Han J, Wu L, Yan L, Li J, Ma C, Bian J, Zhang H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 March; 19(1): 27-31. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453580&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observations on forty cases of paralysis agitans treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Chen L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 23-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437258&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observations on the treatment of 50 cases of stiff neck by acupuncture. Author(s): Hu S, Zhong Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 March; 12(1): 57-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1598002&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observations on treatment of hyperprolactinemia by acupuncture. Author(s): Liu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 June; 14(2): 121-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7967694&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical outcomes and patient perceptions of acupuncture and/or massage therapies in HIV-infected individuals. Author(s): Henrickson M. Source: Aids Care. 2001 December; 13(6): 743-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11720644&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical report of drinking intervention on 310 cases with auriculo-acupuncture. Author(s): Sun ST, Yu ZS, Gao WB, Wang CH, Ding FR, Gao FY, Wan GZ, Jin YM, Cui YY. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 123-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412009&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical research on the therapeutic effect of the electro-acupuncture treatment in patients with depression. Author(s): Luo H, Meng F, Jia Y, Zhao X. Source: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998 December; 52 Suppl: S338-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9895187&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical research on treating senile dementia by combining acupuncture with acupoint-injection. Author(s): Chen Y. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992; 17(2): 61-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1353652&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical studies on the mechanism for acupuncture stimulation of ovulation. Author(s): Mo X, Li D, Pu Y, Xi G, Le X, Fu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 June; 13(2): 115-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8412285&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical study of syncope during acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Chen FP, Hwang SJ, Lee HP, Yang HY, Chung C. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1990; 15(2): 107-19. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1978502&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical study on acupuncture treatment of stomach carcinoma pain. Author(s): Dang W, Yang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 31-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437260&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical study on treatment of senile vascular dementia by acupuncture. Author(s): Gao H, Yan L, Liu B, Wang Y, Wei X, Sun L, Cui H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 June; 21(2): 103-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11498896&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical trial of acupuncture for patients with spinal cord injuries. Author(s): Wong AM, Leong CP, Su TY, Yu SW, Tsai WC, Chen CP. Source: Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2003 January; 82(1): 21-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12510181&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical trial of electrical acupuncture on hemiplegic stroke patients. Author(s): Wong AM, Su TY, Tang FT, Cheng PT, Liaw MY. Source: Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1999 March-April; 78(2): 117-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10088585&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical trials of acupuncture: consensus recommendations for optimal treatment, sham controls and blinding. Author(s): White AR, Filshie J, Cummings TM; International Acupuncture Research Forum. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 December; 9(4): 237-45. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12184353&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical uses of P6 acupuncture antiemesis. Author(s): Dundee JW, McMillan CM. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1990; 15(3-4): 211-5. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1982043&dopt=Abstract

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Cognitive orientation as predictor of pain relief following acupuncture. Author(s): Kreitler S, Kreitler H, Carasso R. Source: Pain. 1987 March; 28(3): 323-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3574963&dopt=Abstract

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Colored light therapy: overview of its history, theory, recent developments and clinical applications combined with acupuncture. Author(s): Cocilovo A. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 71-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513100&dopt=Abstract

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Combined acupuncture and medicinal anesthesia for neolarynx reconstruction. Author(s): Huang H. Source: Chin Med J (Engl). 1995 November; 108(11): 870-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8585983&dopt=Abstract

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Combined application of scalp and body acupuncture in the treatment of pseudobulbar paralysis. Author(s): Qu H, Ren L, Guo Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 September; 11(3): 170-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1749259&dopt=Abstract

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Combined traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Relieving effects of Chinese herbs, ear-acupuncture and epidural morphine on postoperative pain in liver cancer. Author(s): Li QS, Cao SH, Xie GM, Gan YH, Ma HJ, Lu JZ, Zhang ZH. Source: Chin Med J (Engl). 1994 April; 107(4): 289-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8088198&dopt=Abstract

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Combined use of acupuncture and blood-injection at the back-shu points for treatment of allergic asthma--a report of 80 cases. Author(s): Lai X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 September; 17(3): 207-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437197&dopt=Abstract

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Commentary on auricular acupuncture for cocaine abuse. Author(s): Oleson TD. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 April; 8(2): 123-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12013511&dopt=Abstract

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Common factors contributing to intractable pain and medical problems with insufficient drug uptake in areas to be treated, and their pathogenesis and treatment: Part I. Combined use of medication with acupuncture, (+) Qi gong energy-stored material, soft laser or electrical stimulation. Author(s): Omura Y, Losco BM, Omura AK, Takeshige C, Hisamitsu T, Shimotsuura Y, Yamamoto S, Ishikawa H, Muteki T, Nakajima H, et al. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992; 17(2): 107-48. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1353650&dopt=Abstract

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Comparative analysis of therapeutic effects of acupuncture in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Author(s): He JS, Jin SB, Heng JS, Chen HP, Gui JS, Guo XL, Li HY, Yin ZF, Ma JX, Xiang KS. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 79-82. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412016&dopt=Abstract

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Comparative observation on effect of electric acupuncture of neiguan (P 6) at chen time versus xu time on left ventricular function in patients with coronary heart disease. Author(s): Li L, Chen H, Xi Y, Wang X, Han G, Zhou Y, Yang D, Zhao W, Feng Z, Jiao B, et al. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 262-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877334&dopt=Abstract

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Comparative observations on the curative results of the treatment of central aphasia by puncturing the yumen point versus conventional acupuncture methods. Author(s): Zhang Z, Zhao C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 December; 10(4): 260-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1703612&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison between superficial and deep acupuncture in the treatment of the shoulder's myofascial pain: a randomized and controlled study. Author(s): Ceccheerelli F, Bordin M, Gagliardi G, Caravello M. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2001; 26(4): 229-38. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11841108&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of auricular, somatic, and the combination of auricular and somatic acupuncture points on experimental pain threshold. Author(s): Lein DH Jr, Clelland JA, Knowles CJ, Jackson JR. Source: Phys Ther. 1989 August; 69(8): 671-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2787514&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of pharmacological treatment versus acupuncture treatment for migraine without aura--analysis of socio-medical parameters. Author(s): Liguori A, Petti F, Bangrazi A, Camaioni D, Guccione G, Pitari GM, Bianchi A, Nicoletti WE. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 September; 20(3): 231-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11038990&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of real and placebo acupuncture in histamine-induced asthma. A doubleblind crossover study. Author(s): Tandon MK, Soh PF. Source: Chest. 1989 July; 96(1): 102-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2736966&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of superficial and deep acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar myofascial pain: a double-blind randomized controlled study. Author(s): Ceccherelli F, Rigoni MT, Gagliardi G, Ruzzante L. Source: Clin J Pain. 2002 May-June; 18(3): 149-53. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12048416&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of the effectiveness between manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture on patients with tennis elbow. Author(s): Tsui P, Leung MC. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2002; 27(2): 107-17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12269719&dopt=Abstract

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Complementary and alternative medicine, science, acupuncture, transcranial electromagnetic stimulation, herbs, and communication: present challenges, possibilities from the past, and potential for the future. Author(s): Jobst KA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Winter; 3(4): 303-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9449050&dopt=Abstract

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Complementary medicine in pediatrics: a review of acupuncture, homeopathy, massage, and chiropractic therapies. Author(s): Breuner CC. Source: Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2002 November-December; 32(10): 35384. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12486401&dopt=Abstract

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Complementary medicine, acupuncture, and pneumothorax. Author(s): Leung JS. Source: Hong Kong Med J. 2002 June; 8(3): 225; Author Reply 225-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12055373&dopt=Abstract

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Complementary medicine. Acupuncture has weak scientific foundations. Author(s): Johnson IS. Source: Bmj. 1993 September 4; 307(6904): 624. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8401028&dopt=Abstract

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Complementary medicine. Acupuncture. Author(s): Trevelyan J. Source: Nurs Times. 1993 July 14-20; 89(28): 26-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8351215&dopt=Abstract

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Complementary medicine. The practice of acupuncture needs tighter safeguards. Author(s): Baldry P. Source: Bmj. 1993 July 31; 307(6899): 326. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8374402&dopt=Abstract

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Complication of acupuncture in a patient with Behcet's disease. Author(s): Murray PI, Aboteen N. Source: Br J Ophthalmol. 2002 April; 86(4): 476-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11914225&dopt=Abstract

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Composite acupuncture treatment of mental retardation in children. Author(s): Tian L, Yuan S, Ba E, Chen H, Zhou Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 March; 15(1): 34-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7783459&dopt=Abstract

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Comprehensive acupuncture treatment of lumbago due to hemirachischisis--a report of 48 cases. Author(s): Zhang Q, Yang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 September; 21(3): 201-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11789326&dopt=Abstract

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Computer-based quantification of traditional chinese-, ear- and Korean hand acupuncture: needle-induced changes of regional cerebral blood flow velocity. Author(s): Litscher G. Source: Neurol Res. 2002 June; 24(4): 377-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12069285&dopt=Abstract

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Computer-controlled acupuncture. Quantification and separation of specific effects. Author(s): Litscher G, Wang L, Yang NH, Schwarz G. Source: Neurol Res. 1999 September; 21(6): 530-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10491810&dopt=Abstract

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Computerized acupuncture medical system. Author(s): Lisenyuk VP, Samosyuk IZ, Yakupov RA. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1993 April-June; 18(2): 97-101. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7902644&dopt=Abstract

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Concentric electrodes for producing acupuncture-like anesthetic effects. Author(s): Oda H, Fujitani Y. Source: Tohoku J Exp Med. 1990 March; 160(3): 169-75. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2353351&dopt=Abstract

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Connections found between each meridian (heart, stomach, triple burner, etc.) & organ representation area of corresponding internal organs in each side of the cerebral cortex; release of common neurotransmitters and hormones unique to each meridian and corresponding acupuncture point & internal organ after acupuncture, electrical stimulation, mechanical stimulation (including shiatsu), soft laser stimulation or QI Gong. Author(s): Omura Y. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(2): 155-86. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2575347&dopt=Abstract

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Contralateral intramuscular acupuncture-like electrical stimulation differentially changes the short-latency responses to muscle stretch. Author(s): Dawson NJ, Lippold OC, Milne RJ. Source: Exp Neurol. 1987 October; 98(1): 41-53. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3653333&dopt=Abstract

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Control of infection in acupuncture. Author(s): Walsh B. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 109-11. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829157&dopt=Abstract

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Controlled study of the analgetic effectivity of acupuncture. Author(s): Grabow L. Source: Arzneimittelforschung. 1994 April; 44(4): 554-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8011011&dopt=Abstract

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Controlled trial of acupuncture for severe recidivist alcoholism. Author(s): Bullock ML, Culliton PD, Olander RT. Source: Lancet. 1989 June 24; 1(8652): 1435-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2567439&dopt=Abstract

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Controlled trial of Japanese acupuncture for chronic myofascial neck pain: assessment of specific and nonspecific effects of treatment. Author(s): Birch S, Jamison RN. Source: Clin J Pain. 1998 September; 14(3): 248-55. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9758075&dopt=Abstract

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Controversy corner revisited: Scientific evaluation of “acupuncture: The position paper of the National Council Against Health Fraud”. Author(s): Schnorrenberger CC. Source: Clin J Pain. 1993 December; 9(4): 291-6; Author Reply 297-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8118095&dopt=Abstract

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Conventional and acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation excite similar afferent fibers. Author(s): Levin MF, Hui-Chan CW. Source: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1993 January; 74(1): 54-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8420521&dopt=Abstract

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Convulsive syncope associated with acupuncture. Author(s): Cole M, Shen J, Hommer D. Source: Am J Med Sci. 2002 November; 324(5): 288-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12449453&dopt=Abstract

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Cost-benefit of combined use of acupuncture, Shiatsu and lifestyle adjustment for treatment of patients with severe angina pectoris. Author(s): Ballegaard S, Norrelund S, Smith DF. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1996 July-December; 21(3-4): 187-97. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9051166&dopt=Abstract

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Credibility of a newly designed placebo needle for clinical trials in acupuncture research. Author(s): Fink M, Gutenbrunner C, Rollnik J, Karst M. Source: Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2001 December; 8(6): 368-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11799305&dopt=Abstract

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Credibility of treatment in controlled trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Birch S. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Winter; 3(4): 315-21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9449053&dopt=Abstract

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Current applications of acupuncture by otorhinolaryngologists. Author(s): Jia D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 March; 13(1): 59-64. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8501965&dopt=Abstract

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Current licensure for acupuncture in the United States. Author(s): Leake R, Broderick JE. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1999 July; 5(4): 94-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10394679&dopt=Abstract

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Cutaneous electrical stimulation of acupuncture points may enhance gastric myoelectrical regularity. Author(s): Chang CS, Chou JW, Ko CW, Wu CY, Chen GH. Source: Digestion. 2002; 66(2): 106-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12428070&dopt=Abstract

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Decreased heart rate by acupuncture stimulation in humans via facilitation of cardiac vagal activity and suppression of cardiac sympathetic nerve. Author(s): Nishijo K, Mori H, Yosikawa K, Yazawa K. Source: Neurosci Lett. 1997 May 23; 227(3): 165-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9185676&dopt=Abstract

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Deep vein thrombophlebitis after acupuncture. Author(s): Blanchard BM. Source: Ann Intern Med. 1991 November 1; 115(9): 748. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1929045&dopt=Abstract

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Delayed cardiac tamponade and hemothorax induced by an acupuncture needle. Author(s): Hasegawa J, Noguchi N, Yamasaki J, Kotake H, Mashiba H, Sasaki S, Mori T. Source: Cardiology. 1991; 78(1): 58-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2021966&dopt=Abstract

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Description and validation of a noninvasive placebo acupuncture procedure. Author(s): Sherman KJ, Hogeboom CJ, Cherkin DC, Deyo RA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 February; 8(1): 11-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11890429&dopt=Abstract

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Detection of pelvic deep vein thrombosis by subcutaneous radionuclide venography utilizing an acupuncture point. Author(s): Chiu NT, Wu CC, Yao WJ, Chang KF. Source: Clin Nucl Med. 1995 October; 20(10): 899-901. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8616996&dopt=Abstract

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Diagonal ear-lobe crease: possible significance as cardio-vascular risk factor and its relationship to ear-acupuncture. Author(s): Romoli M, Tordini G, Giommi A. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(2): 149-54. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2575346&dopt=Abstract

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Differences in acupuncture point SP-10 and non-acupuncture point following subcutaneous injection of Tc-99m pertechnetate. Author(s): Chen MF, Wu CC, Jong SB, Lin CC. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1993; 21(3-4): 221-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8135165&dopt=Abstract

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Different modes of manual acupuncture stimulation differentially modulate cerebral blood flow velocity, arterial blood pressure and heart rate in human subjects. Author(s): Backer M, Hammes MG, Valet M, Deppe M, Conrad B, Tolle TR, Dobos G. Source: Neurosci Lett. 2002 November 29; 333(3): 203-6. Erratum In: Neurosci Lett. 2003 February 6; 337(2): 117. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12429383&dopt=Abstract

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Differential acupuncture treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands. Author(s): Wang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 184-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400422&dopt=Abstract

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Do alternative (acupuncture, herbalism, homeopathy etc) have a role in your practice? Author(s): Thompson F, Ashton C, Flaherty C, Crisp T. Source: Aust Vet J. 1996 December; 74(6): 426-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9006853&dopt=Abstract

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Doctors' attitudes to acupuncture--a Norwegian study. Author(s): Norheim AJ, Fonnebo V. Source: Soc Sci Med. 1998 August; 47(4): 519-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9680235&dopt=Abstract

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Does acupuncture have additional value to standard poststroke motor rehabilitation? Author(s): Sze FK, Wong E, Yi X, Woo J. Source: Stroke. 2002 January; 33(1): 186-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11779909&dopt=Abstract

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Does acupuncture improve motor recovery after stroke? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Author(s): Sze FK, Wong E, Or KK, Lau J, Woo J. Source: Stroke. 2002 November; 33(11): 2604-19. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12411650&dopt=Abstract

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Does acupuncture improve the orthopedic management of chronic low back pain--a randomized, blinded, controlled trial with 3 months follow up. Author(s): Molsberger AF, Mau J, Pawelec DB, Winkler J. Source: Pain. 2002 October; 99(3): 579-87. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12406534&dopt=Abstract

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Does acupuncture or massage work in people with persistent back pain? Author(s): Cole C. Source: J Fam Pract. 2001 September; 50(9): 799. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11674914&dopt=Abstract

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Does acupuncture treatment affect sperm density in males with very low sperm count? A pilot study. Author(s): Siterman S, Eltes F, Wolfson V, Lederman H, Bartoov B. Source: Andrologia. 2000 January; 32(1): 31-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10702864&dopt=Abstract

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Does psychological testing help to predict the response to acupuncture or massage/relaxation therapy in patients presenting to a general neurology clinic with headache? Author(s): Wylie KR, Jackson C, Crawford PM. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 June; 17(2): 130-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437184&dopt=Abstract

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Dr. A. Thomas McLellan and colleagues' response regarding evidence for effectiveness of acupuncture:. Author(s): McLellan AT, Grossman DS, Blaine JD, Haverkos HW. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1995 March-April; 12(2): 141. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7623391&dopt=Abstract

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Dr. Du Xiaoshan's personal experience in acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Fan W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 June; 19(2): 118-22. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10681869&dopt=Abstract

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Dr. Gao Lishan's experience in treating pain syndromes by acupuncture. Author(s): Cao W, Liu X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 December; 17(4): 266-71. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437208&dopt=Abstract

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Dr. Li Zhonghe's experience in acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Tong Q, Meng H, Li Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 15-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437255&dopt=Abstract

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Dr. Sheng Xiesun's experience in acupuncture techniques. Author(s): Chen F, Dai Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 March; 21(1): 39-42. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11360538&dopt=Abstract

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Dr. Xu Ruizheng's experience in the treatment of verruca plana (flat wart) with acupuncture. Author(s): Wu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 281-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1795545&dopt=Abstract

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Drop foot as a complication of acupuncture injury and intragluteal injection. Author(s): Sobel E, Huang EY, Wieting CB. Source: J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1997 February; 87(2): 52-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9046749&dopt=Abstract

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Dry eye treatment with acupuncture. A prospective, randomized, double-masked study. Author(s): Nepp J, Wedrich A, Akramian J, Derbolav A, Mudrich C, Ries E, Schauersberger J. Source: Adv Exp Med Biol. 1998; 438: 1011-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9635004&dopt=Abstract

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Dynamic electromyographic response following acupuncture: possible influence on synergistic coordination. Author(s): Tanaka TH, Leisman G, Nishijo K. Source: Int J Neurosci. 1998 July; 95(1-2): 51-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9845016&dopt=Abstract

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Ear acupuncture and psychosomatic medicine: right-left asymmetry of acupoints and lateral preferences--Part II. Author(s): Romoli M, Giommi A. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1994 January-March; 19(1): 11-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7916172&dopt=Abstract

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Ear acupuncture in psychosomatic medicine: the importance of the Sanjiao (triple heater) area. Author(s): Romoli M, Giommi A. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1993 July-December; 18(3-4): 185-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7906478&dopt=Abstract

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Ear acupuncture using semi-permanent needles: acceptability, prospects and problems in Nigeria. Author(s): Umeh B. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1988; 16(1-2): 67-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3218633&dopt=Abstract

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Early-latency somatosensory evoked potentials elicited by electrical acupuncture after needling acupoint LI-4. Author(s): Wei H, Kong J, Zhuang D, Shang H, Yang X. Source: Clin Electroencephalogr. 2000 July; 31(3): 160-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10923205&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture and point-injection treatment on immunologic function in rheumatoid arthritis. Author(s): Liu X, Sun L, Xiao J, Yin S, Liu C, Li Q, Li H, Jin B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 174-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246585&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at Hsien-Ku (St-43) on the pulse spectrum and a discussion of the evidence for the frequency structure of Chinese medicine. Author(s): Wan WK, Hsu TL, Chang HC, Wan YY. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2000; 28(1): 41-55. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10794116&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at neiguan (P 6) and hegu (LI 4) on the rheoencephalogram (REG) in patients with hypertension and early cerebroarteriosclerosis. Author(s): Wang WZ, Liu WZ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 December; 7(4): 238-42. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3449703&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at nei-kuan on left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease. Author(s): Ho FM, Huang PJ, Lo HM, Lee FK, Chern TH, Chiu TW, Liau CS. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1999; 27(2): 149-56. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10467449&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at right Hoku point on the bilateral vibration-induced finger flexion reflex in man. Author(s): Takakura N, Kanamaru A, Sibuya M, Homma I. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1992; 20(2): 115-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1519552&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at tai-tsih (K-3) on the pulse spectrum. Author(s): Wang WK, Hsu TL, Chang HC, Wang YY. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1996; 24(3-4): 305-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8982442&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at the Hoku point on vibration-induced finger flexion reflex in man: comparison between press needle technique, electroacupuncture, and in-situ technique. Author(s): Takakura N, Ogawa H, Iijima S, Nishimura K, Kanamaru A, Sibuya M, Homma I. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1995; 23(3-4): 313-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8571928&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at the right Hoku point on bilateral vibration-induced finger flexion reflex in man: comparison between in-situ and Sparrow Pecking technique. Author(s): Takakura N, Ogawa H, Iijima S, Nishimura K, Kanamaru A, Sibuya M, Homma I. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1993; 21(3-4): 213-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8135164&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture at Tsu San Li (St-36) on the pulse spectrum. Author(s): Wang WK, Hsu TL, Chang HC, Wang YY. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1995; 23(2): 121-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7572772&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture in patients with angina pectoris. Author(s): Richter A, Herlitz J, Hjalmarson A. Source: Eur Heart J. 1991 February; 12(2): 175-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2044550&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Author(s): Xue CC, English R, Zhang JJ, Da Costa C, Li CG. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2002; 30(1): 1-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12067084&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on 44 cases of radiation rectitis following radiation therapy for carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Author(s): Zhang ZH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 139-40. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3448396&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on carbohydrate metabolism in patients with simple obesity. Author(s): Zhao Y, Yang C, Liu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 129-32. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495337&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on cardiopulmonary function. Author(s): Lin JG, Ho SJ, Lin JC. Source: Chin Med J (Engl). 1996 June; 109(6): 482-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9206085&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on experimentally induced itch. Author(s): Lundeberg T, Bondesson L, Thomas M. Source: Br J Dermatol. 1987 December; 117(6): 771-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3426954&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on gastric acid secretion in healthy male volunteers. Author(s): Tougas G, Yuan LY, Radamaker JW, Chiverton SG, Hunt RH. Source: Dig Dis Sci. 1992 October; 37(10): 1576-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1345034&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on immunoglobulins of serum, saliva and gingival sulcus fluid. Author(s): Yang MM, Ng KK, Zeng HL, Kwok JS. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1989; 17(1-2): 89-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2589242&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on knee function in advanced osteoarthritis of the knee: a prospective, non-randomised controlled study. Author(s): Tillu A, Tillu S, Vowler S. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 March; 20(1): 19-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11926599&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on left ventricular function, microcirculation, blood rheology and cyclicnucleotides in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Author(s): Zhu BJ, Bi L, Liang SY, Pang L, Wang SL, Liu JF, Jiang AP, Li CJ, Ye ZJ, Yang H, et al. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 March; 9(1): 63-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2548039&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on nausea of pregnancy: a randomized, controlled trial. Author(s): Knight B, Mudge C, Openshaw S, White A, Hart A. Source: Obstet Gynecol. 2001 February; 97(2): 184-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11165579&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on pain management in patients before and after lumbar disc protrusion surgery--a randomized control study. Author(s): Wang RR, Tronnier V. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2000; 28(1): 25-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10794114&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on plasmic levels of insulin, glucagon and hypercoagulability in NIDDM complicated by acute cerebral infarction. Author(s): Chen J, Li C, Ding P, Ma Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 267-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12014127&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on serum magnesium level in treatment of migraine. Author(s): Chen B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 June; 20(2): 126-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11039001&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on sinus pain and experimentally induced pain. Author(s): Lundeberg T, Laurell G, Thomas M. Source: Ear Nose Throat J. 1988 August; 67(8): 565-6, 571-2, 574-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3248531&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on smoking cessation or reduction: an 8-month and 5-year follow-up study. Author(s): He D, Medbo JI, Hostmark AT. Source: Prev Med. 2001 November; 33(5): 364-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11676576&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on sperm parameters of males suffering from subfertility related to low sperm quality. Author(s): Siterman S, Eltes F, Wolfson V, Zabludovsky N, Bartoov B. Source: Arch Androl. 1997 September-October; 39(2): 155-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9272232&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on the auditory evoked brain stem potential in Parkinson's disease. Author(s): Wang L, He C, Liu Y, Zhu L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 15-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977510&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on the neutrophil respiratory burst: a placebo-controlled singleblinded study. Author(s): Karst M, Scheinichen D, Rueckert T, Wagner T, Wiese B, Piepenbrock S, Fink M. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2003 March; 11(1): 4-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12667969&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on vasoactive intestinal peptide in ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Author(s): Zhang X, Yuan Y, Kuang P, Wu W, Zhang F, Liu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 December; 17(4): 289-93. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437215&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on weight loss evaluated by adrenal function. Author(s): Liu Z, Sun F, Li J, Wang Y, Hu K. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 169-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246584&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture stimulation of the auricular sympathetic point on evoked sudomotor response. Author(s): Young MF, McCarthy PW. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1998 Spring; 4(1): 29-38. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9553833&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture treatment in 500 patients of mammary gland hyperplasia. Author(s): Guo CJ, Zhang WH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 157-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216654&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture upon experimentally induced ischemic pain: a sham-controlled single-blind study. Author(s): Barlas P, Lowe AS, Walsh DM, Baxter GD, Allen JM. Source: Clin J Pain. 2000 September; 16(3): 255-64. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11014400&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture-point stimulation on diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive subjects: a preliminary study. Author(s): Williams T, Mueller K, Cornwall MW. Source: Phys Ther. 1991 July; 71(7): 523-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2052631&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of combination of drugs with acupuncture on analgesic efficacy. Author(s): Xu SF, Cao XD, Mo WY, Xu ZB, Pan YY. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(2): 103-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2575341&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of electrical stimulation on acupuncture points in diabetic patients with gastric dysrhythmia: a pilot study. Author(s): Chang CS, Ko CW, Wu CY, Chen GH. Source: Digestion. 2001; 64(3): 184-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11786667&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of electroacupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at Hegu (LI.4) acupuncture point on the cutaneous reflex. Author(s): Chang QY, Lin JG, Hsieh CL. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2002; 27(3-4): 191-202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12638739&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of manual acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on the H-reflex. Author(s): Chang QY, Lin JG, Hsieh CL. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2001; 26(4): 239-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11841109&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of needling sensation reaching the site of disease on the results of acupuncture treatment of bronchial asthma. Author(s): Sheng LL, Yang HY, Qin LF, Qian DH, Wang DH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 June; 9(2): 140-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2779278&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of sensory stimulation (acupuncture) on sympathetic and parasympathetic activities in healthy subjects. Author(s): Haker E, Egekvist H, Bjerring P. Source: J Auton Nerv Syst. 2000 February 14; 79(1): 52-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10683506&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of traditional Chinese acupuncture on severe tinnitus: a double-blind, placebocontrolled, clinical investigation with open therapeutic control. Author(s): Vilholm OJ, Moller K, Jorgensen K. Source: Br J Audiol. 1998 June; 32(3): 197-204. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9710337&dopt=Abstract

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Effectiveness of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for lymphedema following intrapelvic lymph node dissection: a preliminary report. Author(s): Kanakura Y, Niwa K, Kometani K, Nakazawa K, Yamaguchi Y, Ishikawa H, Watanabe A, Tokunaga Y. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2002; 30(1): 37-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12067095&dopt=Abstract

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Effectiveness of acupuncture for stroke: a systematic review. Author(s): Park J, Hopwood V, White AR, Ernst E. Source: J Neurol. 2001 July; 248(7): 558-63. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11517996&dopt=Abstract

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Effectiveness of acupuncture for treatment of childhood constipation. Author(s): Broide E, Pintov S, Portnoy S, Barg J, Klinowski E, Scapa E. Source: Dig Dis Sci. 2001 June; 46(6): 1270-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11414304&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture and an agonist of opiate receptors on heroin dependent patients. Author(s): Timofeev MF. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1999; 27(2): 143-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10467448&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture and homeopathy: prospective documentation. Interim results. Author(s): Walach H, Guthlin C. Source: Br Homeopath J. 2000 July; 89 Suppl 1: S31-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10939780&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture and intravenous anesthesia on cardiovascular function. Author(s): Sun DJ, Hang YN, Zhang XX, Sun YL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 177-80. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3502164&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture and transcutaneous stimulation analgesia on plasma hormone levels during and after major abdominal surgery. Author(s): Kho HG, Kloppenborg PW, van Egmond J. Source: Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1993 May; 10(3): 197-208. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8388332&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture at fengchi point (GB 20) on cerebral blood flow. Author(s): Yuan X, Hao X, Lai Z, Zhao H, Liu W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 June; 18(2): 102-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437225&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture in moderate, stable angina pectoris: a controlled study. Author(s): Ballegaard S, Pedersen F, Pietersen A, Nissen VH, Olsen NV. Source: J Intern Med. 1990 January; 227(1): 25-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2105371&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on exercise-induced muscle soreness and serum creatine kinase activity. Author(s): Lin JG, Yang SH. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1999; 27(3-4): 299-305. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10592838&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on foveation characteristics in congenital nystagmus. Author(s): Blekher T, Yamada T, Yee RD, Abel LA. Source: Br J Ophthalmol. 1998 February; 82(2): 115-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9613375&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on humoral immunologic function and trace elements in 20 cases of Behcet's disease. Author(s): Yu P, Bai H, Zhang W, Wu G. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 June; 21(2): 100-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11498895&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on immune response related to opioid-like peptides. Author(s): Petti F, Bangrazi A, Liguori A, Reale G, Ippoliti F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 55-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437265&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on immunoglobulins in patients with asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Author(s): Guan Z, Zhang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 June; 15(2): 102-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7650954&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on myoelectric activity of Oddi's sphincter in humans. Author(s): Liu J, Zhou X, Zeng X, Zhu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 189-90. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246590&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on radial artery hemodynamics: controlled trials in sensitized and naive subjects. Author(s): Boutouyrie P, Corvisier R, Azizi M, Lemoine D, Laloux B, Hallouin M, Laurent S. Source: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001 February; 280(2): H628-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11158960&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol in cerebral infarction patients. Author(s): Qi LY, Hu JK, Fang DR, Le Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 161-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216655&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on skin temperature in children with neurological disorders and cold feet. Author(s): Svedberg L, Nordahl G, Lundeberg T. Source: Dev Med Child Neurol. 2001 May; 43(5): 358-60. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11368492&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on skin temperature in children with neurological disorders and cold feet: an exploratory study. Author(s): Svedberg LE, Nordahl UE, Lundeberg TC. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 June; 9(2): 89-97. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11444888&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on smoking cessation or reduction for motivated smokers. Author(s): He D, Berg JE, Hostmark AT. Source: Prev Med. 1997 March-April; 26(2): 208-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9085389&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on somatosensory evoked potentials: a review. Author(s): Xu X, Shibasaki H, Shindo K. Source: J Clin Neurophysiol. 1993 July; 10(3): 370-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8408602&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on the immunological functions in hepatitis B virus carriers. Author(s): Chen J, Chen M, Zhao B, Wang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 December; 19(4): 268-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921130&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on the levels of endothelin, TXB2, and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in apoplexy patients. Author(s): Zhang S, Ye X, Shan Q, Zhang W, Ye L, Cui Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 March; 19(1): 39-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453582&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on the oxygenation of cerebral tissue. Author(s): Litscher G, Schwarz G, Sandner-Kiesling A, Hadolt I, Eger E. Source: Neurol Res. 1998; 20 Suppl 1: S28-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9584920&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on the plasma atrial natriuretic peptide. Aldosterone and renin activity in man. Author(s): Lee HS, Song JC, Kim KS. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1991; 16(3-4): 111-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1685619&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture treatment on daily life activities and quality of life: a controlled, prospective, and randomized study of acute stroke patients. Author(s): Gosman-Hedstrom G, Claesson L, Klingenstierna U, Carlsson J, Olausson B, Frizell M, Fagerberg B, Blomstrand C. Source: Stroke. 1998 October; 29(10): 2100-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9756589&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture, cervical manipulation and NSAID therapy on dizziness and impaired head repositioning of suspected cervical origin: a pilot study. Author(s): Heikkila H, Johansson M, Wenngren BI. Source: Man Ther. 2000 August; 5(3): 151-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11034885&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of auricular acupuncture stimulation on nonobese, healthy volunteer subjects. Author(s): Shiraishi T, Onoe M, Kageyama T, Sameshima Y, Kojima T, Konishi S, Yoshimatsu H, Sakata T. Source: Obes Res. 1995 December; 3 Suppl 5: 667S-673S. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8653547&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of auricular acupuncture-like transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on pain levels following wound care in patients with burns: a pilot study. Author(s): Lewis SM, Clelland JA, Knowles CJ, Jackson JR, Dimick AR. Source: J Burn Care Rehabil. 1990 July-August; 11(4): 322-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2205609&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of deep vs. superficial stimulation of acupuncture on capsaicin-induced edema. A blind controlled study in rats. Author(s): Ceccherelli F, Gagliardi G, Visentin R, Giron G. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1998; 23(2): 125-34. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9789587&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of different manipulations of acupuncture on electrical activity of stomach in humans. Author(s): Xing W, Li Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 39-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437261&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of electro-acupuncture on anovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Author(s): Stener-Victorin E, Waldenstrom U, Tagnfors U, Lundeberg T, Lindstedt G, Janson PO. Source: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2000 March; 79(3): 180-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10716298&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of electro-acupuncture on immune function after chemotherapy in 28 cases. Author(s): Ye F, Chen S, Liu W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 21-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977512&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of electro-acupuncture on psychological distress in postmenopausal women. Author(s): Sandberg M, Wijma K, Wyon Y, Nedstrand E, Hammar M. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2002 September; 10(3): 161-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12568145&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of electro-acupuncture on somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide in ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Author(s): Zhang X, Yuan Y, Kuang P, Wu W, Zhang F, Liu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 March; 19(1): 54-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453586&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of high-voltage galvanic stimulation of ST36 and ST37 acupuncture points on peripheral blood flow and skin temperature. Author(s): Balogun JA, Tang S, He Y, Hsieh JM, Katz JS. Source: Disabil Rehabil. 1996 October; 18(10): 523-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8902425&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of individualized acupuncture on sleep quality in HIV disease. Author(s): Phillips KD, Skelton WD. Source: J Assoc Nurses Aids Care. 2001 January-February; 12(1): 27-39. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11211670&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of microwave acupuncture on the immunological function of cancer patients. Author(s): He CJ, Gong KH, Xu QZ, Yu YY, Liang HW, Gu FS. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 9-11. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3613646&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of repeated sensory stimulation sessions (electro-acupuncture) on skin temperature in chronic pain patients. Author(s): Dyrehag LE, Widerstrom-Noga EG, Carlsson SG, Andersson SA. Source: Scand J Rehabil Med. 1997 December; 29(4): 243-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9428058&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of sham and real auricular needling: implications for trials of acupuncture for cocaine addiction. Author(s): Margolin A, Chang P, Avants SK, Kosten TR. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1993; 21(2): 103-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8237887&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of the weather conditions on mood and behaviour: the role of acupuncture points. Author(s): Sher L. Source: Med Hypotheses. 1996 January; 46(1): 19-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8746122&dopt=Abstract

Studies 151

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Effects on local blood flux of acupuncture stimulation used to treat xerostomia in patients suffering from Sjogren's syndrome. Author(s): Blom M, Lundeberg T, Dawidson I, Angmar-Mansson B. Source: J Oral Rehabil. 1993 September; 20(5): 541-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10412476&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of acupuncture as a treatment for tinnitus: a systematic review. Author(s): Park J, White AR, Ernst E. Source: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000 April; 126(4): 489-92. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10772302&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of acupuncture in asthma: systematic review and meta-analysis of published data from 11 randomised controlled trials. Author(s): Martin J, Donaldson AN, Villarroel R, Parmar MK, Ernst E, Higginson IJ. Source: Eur Respir J. 2002 October; 20(4): 846-52. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12412674&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of post-stroke aphasia. Author(s): Zhang ZJ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 June; 9(2): 87-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2476636&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of acupuncture. Author(s): Sager MH. Source: Jama. 1998 April 1; 279(13): 993. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9533495&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of Chinese acupuncture on postoperative oral surgery pain. Author(s): Lao L, Bergman S, Langenberg P, Wong RH, Berman B. Source: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1995 April; 79(4): 423-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7614199&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of laser-acupuncture in the prevention of exercise-induced asthma. Author(s): Morton AR, Fazio SM, Miller D. Source: Ann Allergy. 1993 April; 70(4): 295-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8466094&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of traditional Chinese acupuncture in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study. Author(s): Berman BM, Lao L, Greene M, Anderson RW, Wong RH, Langenberg P, Hochberg MC. Source: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 1995 June; 3(2): 139-42. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7584319&dopt=Abstract

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Electric acupuncture treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Author(s): Hao J, Zhao C, Cao S, Yang S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 June; 15(2): 114-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7650958&dopt=Abstract

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Electrical conductivity of acupuncture points of the face in odontogenic affections of the trigeminal nerve. Author(s): Puzin MN, Grechko VE. Source: Neurosci Behav Physiol. 1987 November-December; 17(6): 510-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3502017&dopt=Abstract

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Electrical neurostimulation for angina pectoris. Acupuncture and TENS--where east meets west. Author(s): Colquhoun DM. Source: Med J Aust. 1993 April 5; 158(7): 440-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8469188&dopt=Abstract

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Electrical stimulation of acupuncture points enhances gastric myoelectrical activity in humans. Author(s): Lin X, Liang J, Ren J, Mu F, Zhang M, Chen JD. Source: Am J Gastroenterol. 1997 September; 92(9): 1527-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9317078&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture (EA) induced attenuation of immunosuppression appearing after epidural or intrathecal injection of morphine in patients and rats. Author(s): Zhang Y, Du L, Wu G, Cao X. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1996 July-December; 21(3-4): 177-86. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9051165&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture and postoperative emesis. Author(s): Dundee JW. Source: Anaesthesia. 1990 September; 45(9): 789-90. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2240553&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture and postoperative emesis. Author(s): Ho RT, Jawan B, Fung ST, Cheung HK, Lee JH. Source: Anaesthesia. 1990 April; 45(4): 327-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2140030&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture at the Zusanli, Yanglingquan, and Kunlun points does not reduce anesthetic requirement. Author(s): Morioka N, Akca O, Doufas AG, Chernyak G, Sessler DI. Source: Anesth Analg. 2002 July; 95(1): 98-102, Table of Contents. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12088950&dopt=Abstract

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'Electro-acupuncture in a child with mild spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy'. Author(s): Svedberg L, Nordahl G, Lundeberg T. Source: Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003 July; 45(7): 503-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12828407&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture in the treatment of children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. Author(s): Bjorkstrom G, Hellstrom AL, Andersson S. Source: Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2000 February; 34(1): 21-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10757265&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture in the treatment of enuresis nocturna. Author(s): Tuzuner F, Kecik Y, Ozdemir S, Canakci N. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(3-4): 211-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2576340&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture treatment of acute stage peripheral facial paralysis. Author(s): Tang XL, Fang QP. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 March; 9(1): 1-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2788235&dopt=Abstract

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Electrochemical therapy (ECT) for thyroid adenoma during acupuncture anaesthesia: analysis of 46 patients. Author(s): Song LC, Liu CY, Zhang BP, Wang T, Song YQ, Li YW. Source: Eur J Surg Suppl. 1994; (574): 79-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7531029&dopt=Abstract

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Electroimpulse acupuncture treatment of 110 cases of abdominal pain as a sequela of abdominal surgery. Author(s): Wang XM. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 December; 8(4): 269-70. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3266776&dopt=Abstract

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Electrophysiological measures during acupuncture-induced surgical analgesia. Author(s): Starr A, Abraham G, Zhu Y, Ding DY, Ma L. Source: Arch Neurol. 1989 September; 46(9): 1010-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2775005&dopt=Abstract

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Electrophysiology of growth control and acupuncture. Author(s): Shang C. Source: Life Sci. 2001 February 9; 68(12): 1333-42. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11388686&dopt=Abstract

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Electrostimulators for acupuncture: safety issues. Author(s): Lytle CD, Thomas BM, Gordon EA, Krauthamer V. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 February; 6(1): 37-44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10706234&dopt=Abstract

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Endocarditis after acupuncture and injection--treatment by a natural healer. Author(s): Scheel O, Sundsfjord A, Lunde P, Andersen BM. Source: Jama. 1992 January 1; 267(1): 56. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1727196&dopt=Abstract

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Endogenous depression, thyroid function and acupuncture. Author(s): Dhar HL, Vasanti T. Source: Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2001 January; 45(1): 125-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11211567&dopt=Abstract

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Enhanced bone metabolism induced by acupuncture. Author(s): Kuno RC, Cerqueira MD. Source: J Nucl Med. 1995 December; 36(12): 2246-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8523114&dopt=Abstract

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Eschars and scarring from hot needle acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Hung VC, Mines JS. Source: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991 January; 24(1): 148-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1999516&dopt=Abstract

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Estimation of the amount of telomere molecules in different human age groups and the telomere increasing effect of acupuncture and shiatsu on St.36, using synthesized basic units of the human telomere molecules as reference control substances for the bi-digital O-ring test resonance phenomenon. Author(s): Omura Y, Shimotsura Y, Ooki M, Noguchi T. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1998; 23(3-4): 185-206. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10193703&dopt=Abstract

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Evaluation of acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders. Author(s): Elsharkawy TM, Ali NM. Source: Egypt Dent J. 1995 July; 41(3): 1227-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9497660&dopt=Abstract

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Evaluation of acupuncture effect to chronic myofascial pain syndrome in the cervical and upper back regions by the concept of Meridians. Author(s): Kung YY, Chen FP, Chaung HL, Chou CT, Tsai YY, Hwang SJ. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2001; 26(3): 195-202. Erratum In: Acupunct Electrother Res 2002; 27(1): 59. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11761448&dopt=Abstract

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Evaluation of acupuncture for pain control after oral surgery: a placebo-controlled trial. Author(s): Lao L, Bergman S, Hamilton GR, Langenberg P, Berman B. Source: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 May; 125(5): 567-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10326816&dopt=Abstract

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Evidence of connective tissue involvement in acupuncture. Author(s): Langevin HM, Churchill DL, Wu J, Badger GJ, Yandow JA, Fox JR, Krag MH. Source: Faseb J. 2002 June; 16(8): 872-4. Epub 2002 April 10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11967233&dopt=Abstract

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Experience in acupuncture treatment of dizziness and vertigo--a report of 3 cases. Author(s): Xu L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 18-20. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977511&dopt=Abstract

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Experience in acupuncture treatment of occipital neuralgia. Author(s): Wang H, Chen H, Jiang H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 183. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400421&dopt=Abstract

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Experience in the point-selection for electro-acupuncture. Author(s): Zheng Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 December; 18(4): 277-81. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453597&dopt=Abstract

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Experience in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis by puncturing effective points--a new system of acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang Y, Wang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 March; 14(1): 19-25. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8196411&dopt=Abstract

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Experience with treatment of warts by acupuncture and its evaluation. Author(s): Su JZ, Tu JC. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 199-202. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3444351&dopt=Abstract

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Experimental evidence of a plant meridian system: II. The effects of needle acupuncture on the temperature changes of soybean (Glycine max). Author(s): Hou TZ, Re ZW, Li MD. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1994; 22(2): 103-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7992809&dopt=Abstract

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Exploring acupuncture: ancient ideas, modern techniques. Author(s): Fee E, Brown TM, Lazarus J, Theerman P. Source: Am J Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1592-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356598&dopt=Abstract

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Ezzo et al.: Is acupuncture effective for the treatment of chronic pain? A systematic review, PAIN 86(2000)217-225. Author(s): Mendelson G. Source: Pain. 2001 August; 93(2): 198-200. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11486756&dopt=Abstract

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Facial neuralgia cured by acupuncture a century and a half ago. Author(s): Ring ME. Source: Bull Hist Dent. 1995 March; 43(1): 28. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8696151&dopt=Abstract

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Factitial panniculitis induced by cupping and acupuncture. Author(s): Lee JS, Ahn SK, Lee SH. Source: Cutis. 1995 April; 55(4): 217-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7796613&dopt=Abstract

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Failure of acupuncture in the treatment of obesity: a pilot study. Author(s): Mazzoni R, Mannucci E, Rizzello SM, Ricca V, Rotella CM. Source: Eat Weight Disord. 1999 December; 4(4): 198-202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10728182&dopt=Abstract

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False aneurysm of the popliteal artery complicating acupuncture. Author(s): Lord RV, Schwartz P. Source: Aust N Z J Surg. 1996 September; 66(9): 645-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8859171&dopt=Abstract

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Fatal and adverse events from acupuncture: allegation, evidence, and the implications. Author(s): MacPherson H. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 February; 5(1): 47-56. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10100030&dopt=Abstract

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Fatal cardiac tamponade after acupuncture through congenital sternal foramen. Author(s): Halvorsen TB, Anda SS, Naess AB, Levang OW. Source: Lancet. 1995 May 6; 345(8958): 1175. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7723561&dopt=Abstract

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Five element acupuncture: treating body, mind, and spirit. Author(s): Moss CA. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1999 September; 5(5): 52-61. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10484831&dopt=Abstract

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Foreign body in the median nerve: a complication of acupuncture. Author(s): Southworth SR, Hartwig RH. Source: J Hand Surg [br]. 1990 February; 15(1): 111-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2307869&dopt=Abstract

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Forty-seven cases of gonitis treated by a combined therapy of Chinese drugs and acupuncture. Author(s): Yang W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 June; 21(2): 127-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11498902&dopt=Abstract

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Four acupuncture methods for treating mental disorders. Author(s): Gu S, Xu L, Lin W, Xie H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 September; 21(3): 207-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11789329&dopt=Abstract

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Frequency dependence of impedances at the acupuncture point Quze (PC3). Author(s): Johng HM, Cho JH, Shin HS, Soh KS, Koo TH, Choi SY, Koo HS, Park MS. Source: Ieee Eng Med Biol Mag. 2002 March-April; 21(2): 33-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12012602&dopt=Abstract

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Function of myocardial contraction and relaxation in essential hypertension in dynamics of acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Radzievsky SA, Lebedeva OD, Fisenko LA, Majskaja SA. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1989; 17(3-4): 111-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2534463&dopt=Abstract

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging detects activation of the visual association cortex during laser acupuncture of the foot in humans. Author(s): Siedentopf CM, Golaszewski SM, Mottaghy FM, Ruff CC, Felber S, Schlager A. Source: Neurosci Lett. 2002 July 12; 327(1): 53-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12098499&dopt=Abstract

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Functional MRI explores mysteries of acupuncture. Author(s): Fang B, Hayes JC. Source: Diagn Imaging (San Franc). 1999 July; 21(7): 19-21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10539699&dopt=Abstract

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Further analysis of a pilot study for planning an extensive clinical trial in traditional medicine--with an example of acupuncture treatment for stroke. Author(s): Chen CH, Chou P, Hu HH, Tsuei JJ. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1994; 22(2): 127-36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7992812&dopt=Abstract

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Further discussion on foundation for acupuncture. Author(s): Lipinski B. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1996 January; 2(1): 14. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8795869&dopt=Abstract

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Galactorrhoea following acupuncture. Author(s): Jenner C, Filshie J. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 107-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216598&dopt=Abstract

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Gentle and strong acupuncture: a short review of the two main approaches to treatment. Author(s): Kudriavtsev A, Vlasik T. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1994; 22(3-4): 221-33. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7872234&dopt=Abstract

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Glenohumeral pyarthrosis following acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Kirschenbaum AE, Rizzo C. Source: Orthopedics. 1997 December; 20(12): 1184-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9415915&dopt=Abstract

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Glossary of acupuncture terms. Author(s): Strauss S. Source: Aust Fam Physician. 1987 April; 16(4): 416-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3593109&dopt=Abstract

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Hand acupuncture. Author(s): Jodorkovsky R. Source: Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 1999 August; 10(3): 563-71. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10516977&dopt=Abstract

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Healing and the mind/body arts: massage, acupuncture, yoga, t'ai chi, and Feldenkrais. Author(s): Wanning T. Source: Aaohn J. 1993 July; 41(7): 349-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8338610&dopt=Abstract

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Health status in patients with tension headache treated with acupuncture or physiotherapy. Author(s): Carlsson J, Augustinsson LE, Blomstrand C, Sullivan M. Source: Headache. 1990 September; 30(9): 593-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2262314&dopt=Abstract

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Hemorrheological study on the effect of acupuncture in treating cerebral infarction. Author(s): Chen JF, Ye MF. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 167-72. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216657&dopt=Abstract

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Hepatitis B and C virus prevalence in a rural area of South Korea: the role of acupuncture. Author(s): Shin HR, Kim JY, Kim JI, Lee DH, Yoo KY, Lee DS, Franceschi S. Source: Br J Cancer. 2002 July 29; 87(3): 314-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12177801&dopt=Abstract

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Herpes zoster treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Coghlan CJ. Source: Cent Afr J Med. 1992 December; 38(12): 466-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1340799&dopt=Abstract

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Histological study of the circulatory system of human dental pulp from individuals under local anesthesia and electro-acupuncture. Author(s): Ueki S, Iwai-Liao Y, Han KS, Higashi Y. Source: Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn. 1995 March; 71(6): 335-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7739843&dopt=Abstract

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History and basic introduction to veterinary acupuncture. Author(s): Jaggar D. Source: Probl Vet Med. 1992 March; 4(1): 1-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1581644&dopt=Abstract

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History of blood transfusion, tattooing, acupuncture and risk of hepatitis B surface antigenaemia among Chinese men in Singapore. Author(s): Phoon WO, Fong NP, Lee J. Source: Am J Public Health. 1988 August; 78(8): 958-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3389434&dopt=Abstract

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History of the Food and Drug Administration's regulation of acupuncture devices. Author(s): Lytle CD. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 253-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395655&dopt=Abstract

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Hospitals get alternative. Acupuncture, massage, and even herbs pop up in mainstream medical settings. Author(s): Schneider J. Source: Us News World Rep. 2002 July 22; 133(3): 68, 70. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12149866&dopt=Abstract

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How is impotence treated with acupuncture? Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 234-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246606&dopt=Abstract

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How safe is acupuncture? Developing the evidence on risk. Author(s): MacPherson H. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 June; 5(3): 223-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10381244&dopt=Abstract

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How to differentiate and treat Bi-syndrome by acupuncture and moxibustion? Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 73-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977528&dopt=Abstract

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How to treat cervical spondylopathy with acupuncture? Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 152-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12125495&dopt=Abstract

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How to treat tennis elbow with acupuncture? Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 302. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1795548&dopt=Abstract

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Hypalgesic efficacy of acupuncture on experimental pain in man. Comparison of laser acupuncture and needle acupuncture. Author(s): Brockhaus A, Elger CE. Source: Pain. 1990 November; 43(2): 181-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2087329&dopt=Abstract

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Hysterical paralysis treated with acupuncture and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. Author(s): Yuan YM, Tian YQ, Fan LM, Kuang PG, Wang GP, Zhang FY, Lang SY. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 December; 7(4): 235-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3449702&dopt=Abstract

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Idiopathic central serous retinopathy in China: a report of 600 cases (624 eyes) treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Lu JG, Friberg TR. Source: Ophthalmic Surg. 1987 August; 18(8): 608-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3658317&dopt=Abstract

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Idiopathic subjective tinnitus treated by biofeedback, acupuncture and drug therapy. Author(s): Podoshin L, Ben-David Y, Fradis M, Gerstel R, Felner H. Source: Ear Nose Throat J. 1991 May; 70(5): 284-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1914952&dopt=Abstract

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Illustrations of acute severe cases treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Zhu X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 March; 18(1): 20-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437257&dopt=Abstract

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Images in clinical medicine. Acupuncture-needle fragments. Author(s): Chiu ES, Austin JH. Source: N Engl J Med. 1995 February 2; 332(5): 304. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7816066&dopt=Abstract

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Images in clinical medicine: acupuncture-needle fragments. Author(s): Gerard PS, Wilck E, Schiano T. Source: N Engl J Med. 1995 June 29; 332(26): 1792-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7760909&dopt=Abstract

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Imaging implications in the evaluation of permanent needle acupuncture. Author(s): Gerard PS, Wilck E, Schiano T. Source: Clin Imaging. 1993 January-March; 17(1): 36-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8439843&dopt=Abstract

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Imaging of the stomach, and localization of the stomach meridian & its acupuncture points in a human cadaver by the use of the indirect “Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Imaging Technique”. Author(s): Omura Y, Takeshige C, Shimotsuura Y, Suzuki M. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(4): 153-64. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2907231&dopt=Abstract

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Immediate antiasthmatic effect of acupuncture in 192 cases of bronchial asthma. Author(s): Zang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 June; 10(2): 89-93. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2392001&dopt=Abstract

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Immediate effects of dry needling and acupuncture at distant points in chronic neck pain: results of a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled crossover trial. Author(s): Irnich D, Behrens N, Gleditsch JM, Stor W, Schreiber MA, Schops P, Vickers AJ, Beyer A. Source: Pain. 2002 September; 99(1-2): 83-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12237186&dopt=Abstract

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Immunomodulatory effects of acupuncture in the treatment of allergic asthma: a randomized controlled study. Author(s): Joos S, Schott C, Zou H, Daniel V, Martin E. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 December; 6(6): 519-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11152056&dopt=Abstract

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Importance of modes of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic nociceptive low back pain. Author(s): Thomas M, Lundberg T. Source: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1994 January; 38(1): 63-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8140876&dopt=Abstract

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Impression on observing psychic surgery and healing in Brazil which appear to incorporate (+) qi gong energy & the use of acupuncture points. Author(s): Omura Y. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1997; 22(1): 17-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9188913&dopt=Abstract

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Improvement of urge- and mixed-type incontinence after acupuncture treatment among elderly women - a pilot study. Author(s): Bergstrom K, Carlsson CP, Lindholm C, Widengren R. Source: J Auton Nerv Syst. 2000 March 15; 79(2-3): 173-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10699649&dopt=Abstract

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In response to the position paper of the NCAHF on acupuncture. Author(s): Belgrade MJ. Source: Clin J Pain. 1992 June; 8(2): 183-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1633384&dopt=Abstract

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Incidence of adverse reactions associated with acupuncture. Author(s): Yamashita H, Tsukayama H, Hori N, Kimura T, Tanno Y. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 August; 6(4): 345-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10976981&dopt=Abstract

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Increased pain threshold following electroacupuncture: analgesia is induced mainly in meridian acupuncture points. Author(s): Farber PL, Tachibana A, Campiglia HM. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1997; 22(2): 109-17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9330670&dopt=Abstract

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Increased postoperative pain and consumption of analgesics following acupuncture. Author(s): Ekblom A, Hansson P, Thomsson M, Thomas M. Source: Pain. 1991 March; 44(3): 241-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2052392&dopt=Abstract

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Index for the standard nomenclature of Zhenjiu (acupuncture and moxibustion) points in alphabetic order. Author(s): Wang D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1984 June; 4(2): 161-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6567731&dopt=Abstract

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Indications and contraindications in emergency acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Zhang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 March; 16(1): 70-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8758715&dopt=Abstract

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Indwelling needles carry greater risks than acupuncture techniques. Author(s): Ernst E, White AR. Source: Bmj. 1999 February 20; 318(7182): 536. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10024275&dopt=Abstract

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Ineffectiveness of acupuncture and droperidol in preventing vomiting following strabismus repair in children. Author(s): Yentis SM, Bissonnette B. Source: Can J Anaesth. 1992 February; 39(2): 151-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1544195&dopt=Abstract

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Infected compartment syndrome after acupuncture. Author(s): Shah N, Hing C, Tucker K, Crawford R. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 105-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216597&dopt=Abstract

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Infectious aneurysm formation after depot acupuncture. Author(s): Origuchi N, Komiyama T, Ohyama K, Wakabayashi T, Shigematsu H. Source: Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2000 August; 20(2): 211-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10942698&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of acupuncture and pharmacotherapy on sensitivity of sensory systems to alcohol irritants in patients with alcoholism. Author(s): Timofeev MF. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1996; 24(2): 177-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8874675&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of acupuncture on Doppler ultrasound in pregnant women. Author(s): Zeisler H, Eppel W, Husslein P, Bernaschek G, Deutinger J. Source: Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2001 March; 17(3): 229-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11309173&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of acupuncture on duration of labor. Author(s): Zeisler H, Tempfer C, Mayerhofer K, Barrada M, Husslein P. Source: Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1998; 46(1): 22-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9692336&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of acupuncture on maternal serum levels of interleukin-8, prostaglandin F2alpha, and beta-endorphin: a matched pair study. Author(s): Tempfer C, Zeisler H, Heinzl H, Hefler L, Husslein P, Kainz C. Source: Obstet Gynecol. 1998 August; 92(2): 245-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9699760&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of acupuncture on physical performance capacity and haemodynamic parameters. Author(s): Ehrlich D, Haber P. Source: Int J Sports Med. 1992 August; 13(6): 486-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1428381&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of acupuncture on the pregnancy rate in patients who undergo assisted reproduction therapy. Author(s): Paulus WE, Zhang M, Strehler E, El-Danasouri I, Sterzik K. Source: Fertil Steril. 2002 April; 77(4): 721-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11937123&dopt=Abstract

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Informed consent for acupuncture--an information leaflet developed by consensus. Author(s): White A, Cummings M, Hopwood V, MacPherson H. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 123-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829160&dopt=Abstract

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Informed consent in the practice of acupuncture. Author(s): Friedman J. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(3-4): 205-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2576339&dopt=Abstract

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Inhibitory effect of acupuncture on the finger flexion reflex induced by finger tip vibration. Author(s): Kodachi K, Sibuya M, Endo Y, Homma I. Source: Neurosci Res. 1987 June; 4(5): 419-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3670747&dopt=Abstract

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Innovations in acumoxa: acupuncture analgesia, scalp and ear acupuncture in the People's Republic of China. Author(s): Hsu E. Source: Soc Sci Med. 1996 February; 42(3): 421-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8658235&dopt=Abstract

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Insurance and acupuncture. Author(s): Beaubian G. Source: Posit Aware. 1995 January-February; : 15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11362205&dopt=Abstract

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Integrating patient preferences in clinical trials: a pilot study of acupuncture versus midazolam for gastroscopy. Author(s): Melchart D, Steger HG, Linde K, Makarian K, Hatahet Z, Brenke R, Saller R. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 June; 8(3): 265-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12165184&dopt=Abstract

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Integration of acupuncture into the oncology clinic. Author(s): Johnstone PA, Polston GR, Niemtzow RC, Martin PJ. Source: Palliat Med. 2002 May; 16(3): 235-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12047000&dopt=Abstract

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Integration of complementary disciplines into the oncology clinic. Part I. Acupuncture. Author(s): Niemtzow RC. Source: Curr Probl Cancer. 2000 July-August; 24(4): 184-93. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11001324&dopt=Abstract

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Interaction of diazepam and naloxone on acupuncture induced pain relief. Author(s): Eriksson SV, Lundeberg T, Lundeberg S. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1991; 19(1): 1-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1654741&dopt=Abstract

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International research project to devise a protocol to test the effectiveness of acupuncture on painful shoulder. Author(s): Romoli M, van der Windt D, Giovanzana P, Masserano G, Vignali F, Quirico E, Giommi A. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 June; 6(3): 281-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10890339&dopt=Abstract

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Interpreting conflicting findings from clinical trials of auricular acupuncture for cocaine addiction: does treatment context influence outcome? Author(s): Margolin A, Avants SK, Holford TR. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 April; 8(2): 111-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12006119&dopt=Abstract

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Introducing a placebo needle into acupuncture research. Author(s): Streitberger K, Kleinhenz J. Source: Lancet. 1998 August 1; 352(9125): 364-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9717924&dopt=Abstract

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Introduction to acupuncture in dentistry. Author(s): Rosted P. Source: Br Dent J. 2000 August 12; 189(3): 136-40. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11021030&dopt=Abstract

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Investigations and new hypotheses on the biophysical bases of the action mechanisms of acupuncture. Author(s): Vlad TL, Ionescu-Tirgoviste C, Haulica I, Fica D. Source: Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 1988 April-June; 92(2): 341-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3187243&dopt=Abstract

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Involvement of endogenous opioid peptides in acupuncture analgesia. Author(s): He LF. Source: Pain. 1987 October; 31(1): 99-121. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3320881&dopt=Abstract

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Iodine-131 uptake in a patient with thyroid cancer and rheumatoid arthritis during acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Otsuka N, Fukunaga M, Morita K, Ono S, Nagai K, Katagiri M, Harada T, Morita R. Source: Clin Nucl Med. 1990 January; 15(1): 29-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2306894&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture an alternative in idiopathic pain disorder? Author(s): Thomas M, Arner S, Lundeberg T. Source: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1992 October; 36(7): 637-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1441862&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture an useful tool for pain-treatment in ophthalmology? Author(s): Nepp J, Jandrasits K, Schauersberger J, Schild G, Wedrich A, Sabine GL, Spacek A. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2002; 27(3-4): 171-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12638737&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture effective for pain control? Author(s): Ernst E. Source: J Pain Symptom Manage. 1994 February; 9(2): 72-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8021536&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture effective for the treatment of chronic pain? A systematic review. Author(s): Ezzo J, Berman B, Hadhazy VA, Jadad AR, Lao L, Singh BB. Source: Pain. 2000 June; 86(3): 217-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10812251&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture effective in the treatment of fibromyalgia? Author(s): Berman BM, Ezzo J, Hadhazy V, Swyers JP. Source: J Fam Pract. 1999 March; 48(3): 213-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10086765&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture effective in treating chronic pain after spinal cord injury? Author(s): Nayak S, Shiflett SC, Schoenberger NE, Agostinelli S, Kirshblum S, Averill A, Cotter AC. Source: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 November; 82(11): 1578-86. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11689979&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture safe? A systematic review of case reports. Author(s): Lao L, Hamilton GR, Fu J, Berman BM. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2003 January-February; 9(1): 72-83. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12564354&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture sufficient as the sole analgesic in oral surgery? Author(s): Hansson P, Ekblom A, Thomsson M, Lundeberg T. Source: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987 September; 64(3): 283-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3477742&dopt=Abstract

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Is auricular acupuncture beneficial in the inpatient treatment of substance-abusing patients? A pilot study. Author(s): Gurevich MI, Duckworth D, Imhof JE, Katz JL. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1996 March-April; 13(2): 165-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8880676&dopt=Abstract

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Is it possible for AIDS to be transmitted by acupuncture treatment? Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 December; 10(4): 306-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277533&dopt=Abstract

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Is there an effect of acupuncture on the resting EEG? Author(s): Rosted P, Griffiths PA, Bacon P, Gravill N. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 June; 9(2): 77-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11444886&dopt=Abstract

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Issues in acupuncture research: the failure of quantitative methodologies and the possibilities for viable, alternative solutions. Author(s): Moroz A. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 95-103. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513102&dopt=Abstract

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Korean hand acupuncture in the treatment of chronic hiccups. Author(s): Schlager A. Source: Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 November; 93(11): 2312-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9820436&dopt=Abstract

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Lack of effect of acupuncture upon signs and symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness. Author(s): Barlas P, Robinson J, Allen J, Baxter GD. Source: Clin Physiol. 2000 November; 20(6): 449-56. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11100392&dopt=Abstract

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Lack of influence of acupuncture and transcutaneous stimulation on the immunoglobulin levels and leucocyte counts following upper-abdominal surgery. Author(s): Kho HG, Van Egmond J, Eijk RJ, Kapteyns WM. Source: Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1991 January; 8(1): 39-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1874201&dopt=Abstract

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Laser acupuncture anaesthesia and therapy in People's Republic of China. Author(s): Qin JN. Source: Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1987 April; 16(2): 261-3. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3318655&dopt=Abstract

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Laser acupuncture and low-calorie diet during visceral obesity therapy after menopause. Author(s): Wozniak P, Stachowiak G, Pieta-Dolinska A, Oszukowski P. Source: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003 January; 82(1): 69-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12580844&dopt=Abstract

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Laser acupuncture for adolescent smokers--a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Author(s): Yiming C, Changxin Z, Ung WS, Lei Z, Kean LS. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2000; 28(3-4): 443-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11154059&dopt=Abstract

Studies 171

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Laser acupuncture in children and adolescents with exercise induced asthma. Author(s): Gruber W, Eber E, Malle-Scheid D, Pfleger A, Weinhandl E, Dorfer L, Zach MS. Source: Thorax. 2002 March; 57(3): 222-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11867825&dopt=Abstract

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Laser acupuncture. Author(s): Mendelson G. Source: Med J Aust. 1991 June 3; 154(11): 779. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2046579&dopt=Abstract

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Laser doppler flowmetry in combined needle acupuncture and moxibustion: a pilot study in healthy adults. Author(s): Sandner-Kiesling A, Litscher G, Voit-Augustin H, James RL, Schwarz G. Source: Lasers Med Sci. 2001; 16(3): 184-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11482816&dopt=Abstract

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Laser stimulation of acupuncture point P6 reduces postoperative vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery. Author(s): Schlager A, Offer T, Baldissera I. Source: Br J Anaesth. 1998 October; 81(4): 529-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9924226&dopt=Abstract

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Laser treatment applied to acupuncture points in lateral humeral epicondylalgia. A double-blind study. Author(s): Haker E, Lundeberg T. Source: Pain. 1990 November; 43(2): 243-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2087335&dopt=Abstract

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Learning from adverse events of acupuncture. Author(s): White A, Ernst E. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 October; 5(5): 395-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10537235&dopt=Abstract

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Lectures on formulating acupuncture prescriptions--selection and matching of acupoints. Acupuncture treatment of insomnia. Author(s): Zhao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 151-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3448399&dopt=Abstract

172 Acupuncture

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Lectures on formulating acupuncture prescriptions--selection and matching of acupoints. Hypertension. Author(s): Zhao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 77-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3613645&dopt=Abstract

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Lessons from a trial of acupuncture and massage for low back pain: patient expectations and treatment effects. Author(s): Kalauokalani D, Cherkin DC, Sherman KJ, Koepsell TD, Deyo RA. Source: Spine. 2001 July 1; 26(13): 1418-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11458142&dopt=Abstract

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Life-threatening adverse reactions after acupuncture? A systematic review. Author(s): Ernst E, White A. Source: Pain. 1997 June; 71(2): 123-6. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9211472&dopt=Abstract

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Local anesthesia blocks the antiemetic action of P6 acupuncture. Author(s): Dundee JW, Ghaly G. Source: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1991 July; 50(1): 78-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1855355&dopt=Abstract

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Localised lipoatrophy after acupuncture. Author(s): Drago F, Rongioletti F, Battifoglio ML, Rebora A. Source: Lancet. 1996 May 25; 347(9013): 1484. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8676651&dopt=Abstract

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Localized argyria 20-years after embedding of acupuncture needles. Author(s): Takeishi E, Hirose R, Hamasaki Y, Katayama I. Source: Eur J Dermatol. 2002 November-December; 12(6): 609-11. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12459543&dopt=Abstract

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Localized argyria with chrysiasis caused by implanted acupuncture needles. Distribution and chemical forms of silver and gold in cutaneous tissue by electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis. Author(s): Suzuki H, Baba S, Uchigasaki S, Murase M. Source: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993 November; 29(5 Pt 2): 833-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8408821&dopt=Abstract

Studies 173

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Longer-term clinical and economic benefits of offering acupuncture to patients with chronic low back pain assessed as suitable for primary care management. Author(s): Thomas KJ, Fitter M, Brazier J, MacPherson H, Campbell M, Nicholl JP, Roman M. Source: Complement Ther Med. 1999 June; 7(2): 91-100. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10444912&dopt=Abstract

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Long-term follow-up of patients treated with acupuncture for xerostomia and the influence of additional treatment. Author(s): Blom M, Lundeberg T. Source: Oral Dis. 2000 January; 6(1): 15-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10673783&dopt=Abstract

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Long-term high-frequency electro-acupuncture stimulation prevents neuronal degeneration and up-regulates BDNF mRNA in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area following medial forebrain bundle axotomy. Author(s): Liang XB, Liu XY, Li FQ, Luo Y, Lu J, Zhang WM, Wang XM, Han JS. Source: Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2002 December; 108(1-2): 51-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12480178&dopt=Abstract

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Long-term outcome of acupuncture in women with frequency, urgency and dysuria. Author(s): Chang PL, Wu CJ, Huang MH. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1993; 21(3-4): 231-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8135166&dopt=Abstract

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Low CSF met-enkephalin levels in cluster headache are elevated by acupuncture. Author(s): Hardebo JE, Ekman R, Eriksson M. Source: Headache. 1989 September; 29(8): 494-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2529227&dopt=Abstract

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Manual acupuncture reduces hyperemesis gravidarum: a placebo-controlled, randomized, single-blind, crossover study. Author(s): Carlsson CP, Axemo P, Bodin A, Carstensen H, Ehrenroth B, Madegard-Lind I, Navander C. Source: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000 October; 20(4): 273-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11027909&dopt=Abstract

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Mapping acupuncture points using multi channel device. Author(s): Kwok G, Cohen M, Cosic I. Source: Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. 1998 June; 21(2): 68-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9745792&dopt=Abstract

174 Acupuncture

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Massage and acupuncture in 58 cases of superior clunial neuralgia. Author(s): Li X, Mu D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 December; 12(4): 288-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1291823&dopt=Abstract

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Massage is better than acupuncture (and in the short term better than self care) in reducing pain and disability in patients with chronic lower back pain. Author(s): Hurley D. Source: Aust J Physiother. 2001; 47(4): 299. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11774827&dopt=Abstract

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Maximizing the effectiveness of acupuncture: prospects from clinical studies. Author(s): Zhang G. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2001 July-August; 7(4): 42-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11452566&dopt=Abstract

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Mechanical signaling through connective tissue: a mechanism for the therapeutic effect of acupuncture. Author(s): Langevin HM, Churchill DL, Cipolla MJ. Source: Faseb J. 2001 October; 15(12): 2275-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11641255&dopt=Abstract

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Mechanism of analgesia induced by hypnosis and acupuncture: is there a difference? Author(s): Moret V, Forster A, Laverriere MC, Lambert H, Gaillard RC, Bourgeois P, Haynal A, Gemperle M, Buchser E. Source: Pain. 1991 May; 45(2): 135-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1876419&dopt=Abstract

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Medical acupuncture enhances standard wilderness medical care: a case study from the Inca Trail, Machu Picchu, Peru, April 2, 1997. Author(s): Frank BL. Source: Wilderness Environ Med. 1997 August; 8(3): 161-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11990157&dopt=Abstract

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Medical acupuncture in the twenty-first century. Author(s): Soliman N. Source: Md Med. 2002 Winter; 3(1): 19-22. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11868487&dopt=Abstract

Studies 175

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Meridians in acupuncture and infrared imaging. Author(s): Lo SY. Source: Med Hypotheses. 2002 January; 58(1): 72-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11863401&dopt=Abstract

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Methodological and ethical issues in clinical trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Hammerschlag R. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1998 Summer; 4(2): 159-71. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9628206&dopt=Abstract

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Methodological investigations for a multisite trial of auricular acupuncture for cocaine addiction: a study of active and control auricular zones. Author(s): Margolin A, Avants SK, Birch S, Falk CX, Kleber HD. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1996 November-December; 13(6): 471-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9219144&dopt=Abstract

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Methodological issues in trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Frank E. Source: Jama. 2001 February 28; 285(8): 1016. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11209167&dopt=Abstract

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Methodological issues in trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Kaptchuk TJ. Source: Jama. 2001 February 28; 285(8): 1015-6; Author Reply 1016. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11209166&dopt=Abstract

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Migration of an acupuncture needle into the medulla oblongata. Author(s): Abumi K, Anbo H, Kaneda K. Source: Eur Spine J. 1996; 5(2): 137-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8724197&dopt=Abstract

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Minimal acupuncture may not always minimize specific effects of needling. Author(s): Yamashita H, Tsukayama H. Source: Clin J Pain. 2001 September; 17(3): 277. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11587120&dopt=Abstract

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Modulation of cerebral cortex in acupuncture stimulation: a study using sympathetic skin response and somatosensory evoked potentials. Author(s): Hsieh CL. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1998; 26(1): 1-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9592588&dopt=Abstract

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Modulatory effect of acupuncture on the cardiovascular system: a cross-over study. Author(s): Ballegaard S, Muteki T, Harada H, Ueda N, Tsuda H, Tayama F, Ohishi K. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1993 April-June; 18(2): 103-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7902640&dopt=Abstract

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More information on acupuncture and HIV/AIDS. Author(s): Sommers E. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2001 January; 7(1): 18, 20. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11191037&dopt=Abstract

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More on BMA's approval of acupuncture. Acupuncture techniques should be tested logically and methodically. Author(s): Cummings M. Source: Bmj. 2001 January 6; 322(7277): 46. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11141160&dopt=Abstract

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More on BMA's approval of acupuncture. BMA replies to correspondence. Author(s): Asscher W. Source: Bmj. 2001 January 6; 322(7277): 45. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11141158&dopt=Abstract

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More on BMA's approval of acupuncture. BMA report is not wrong. Author(s): Grant DJ. Source: Bmj. 2001 January 6; 322(7277): 45-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11141159&dopt=Abstract

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Muscle tenderness in tension headache treated with acupuncture or physiotherapy. Author(s): Carlsson J, Fahlcrantz A, Augustinsson LE. Source: Cephalalgia. 1990 June; 10(3): 131-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2245458&dopt=Abstract

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National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Statement on Acupuncture. Author(s): Wootton J. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Winter; 3(4): 419-20. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9449064&dopt=Abstract

Studies 177

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National Institutes of Health Office of Alternative Medicine-Food and Drug Administration Workshop on Acupuncture. Author(s): Eskinazi DP, Jobst KA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 3-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395635&dopt=Abstract

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Needle acupuncture in tension-type headache: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Author(s): Karst M, Reinhard M, Thum P, Wiese B, Rollnik J, Fink M. Source: Cephalalgia. 2001 July; 21(6): 637-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11531895&dopt=Abstract

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Neural networks, brainwaves, and ionic structures: acupuncture vs. altered states of consciousness. Author(s): Rakovic D. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1991; 16(3-4): 89-99. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1685625&dopt=Abstract

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Neurogenic pruritus: an unrecognised problem? A retrospective case series of treatment by acupuncture. Author(s): Stellon A. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 186-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512793&dopt=Abstract

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Neurological rehabilitation: acupuncture and laser acupuncture to treat paralysis in stroke, other paralytic conditions, and pain in carpal tunnel syndrome. Author(s): Naeser MA. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Winter; 3(4): 425-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9449066&dopt=Abstract

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Neuronal specificity of acupuncture response: a fMRI study with electroacupuncture. Author(s): Wu MT, Sheen JM, Chuang KH, Yang P, Chin SL, Tsai CY, Chen CJ, Liao JR, Lai PH, Chu KA, Pan HB, Yang CF. Source: Neuroimage. 2002 August; 16(4): 1028-37. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12202090&dopt=Abstract

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New insight into acupuncture. Author(s): Selvaratnam P. Source: Aust Fam Physician. 1987 July; 16(7): 899. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3662953&dopt=Abstract

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New sham method in auricular acupuncture. Author(s): Park J, White AR, Ernst E. Source: Arch Intern Med. 2001 March 26; 161(6): 894; Author Reply 895. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11268237&dopt=Abstract

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NIH issues consensus statement on acupuncture. Author(s): Morey SS. Source: Am Fam Physician. 1998 May 15; 57(10): 2545-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9614417&dopt=Abstract

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NIH says “yes” to acupuncture. Author(s): Culliton BJ. Source: Nat Med. 1997 December; 3(12): 1307. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9396586&dopt=Abstract

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No difference between acupuncture and sham in chronic tension-type headache (n=39). Author(s): Cummings M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 51-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471585&dopt=Abstract

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No effect of chinese acupuncture on isocapnic hyperventilation with cold air in asthmatics, measured with impulse oscillometry. Author(s): Malmstrom M, Ahlner J, Carlsson C, Schmekel B. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 66-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216603&dopt=Abstract

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Non-invasive measurement of brain activity using functional MRI: toward the study of brain response to acupuncture stimulation. Author(s): Yoshida T, Tanaka C, Umeda M, Higuchi T, Fukunaga M, Naruse S. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1995; 23(3-4): 319-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8571929&dopt=Abstract

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Non-invasive stimulation of the P6 (Neiguan) antiemetic acupuncture point in cancer chemotherapy. Author(s): Dundee JW, Yang J, McMillan C. Source: J R Soc Med. 1991 April; 84(4): 210-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2027146&dopt=Abstract

Studies 179

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Non-pharmacological approaches to chronic headaches: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, lasertherapy and acupuncture in transformed migraine treatment. Author(s): Allais G, De Lorenzo C, Quirico PE, Lupi G, Airola G, Mana O, Benedetto C. Source: Neurol Sci. 2003 May; 24 Suppl 2: S138-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12811613&dopt=Abstract

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Non-specific effects of traditional Chinese acupuncture in osteoarthritis of the hip. Author(s): Fink MG, Wipperman B, Gehrke A. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 June; 9(2): 82-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11444887&dopt=Abstract

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Non-stress test changes during acupuncture plus moxibustion on BL67 point in breech presentation. Author(s): Neri I, Fazzio M, Menghini S, Volpe A, Facchinetti F. Source: J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2002 May-June; 9(3): 158-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12009390&dopt=Abstract

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Nuclear medicine and acupuncture message transmission. Author(s): de Vernejoul P, Albarede P, Darras JC. Source: J Nucl Med. 1992 March; 33(3): 409-12. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1311036&dopt=Abstract

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Observation of curative effect of acupuncture therapy plus scalp acupuncture for restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation in 80 cases of acute apoplexy. Author(s): Liu C, Wang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 March; 16(1): 18-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8758703&dopt=Abstract

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Observation of curative effects of emergency acupuncture treatment in 172 cases of infantile toxic intestinal paralysis. Author(s): Li ZS. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 209-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3444354&dopt=Abstract

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Observation of the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion in 62 cases of chronic colitis. Author(s): Yang C, Yan H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 June; 19(2): 111-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10681867&dopt=Abstract

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Observation of therapeutic effects of acupuncture treatment in 170 cases of infantile diarrhea. Author(s): Lin YC. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 203-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3444352&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on electromyogram changes in 93 cases of peripheral facial paralysis treated by point-through-point acupuncture. Author(s): Yuan H, Zhang J, Feng X, Lian Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 December; 17(4): 275-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437210&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on frequency spectrum of electrogastrogram (EGG) in acupuncture treatment of functional dyspepsia. Author(s): Chen R, Kang M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 September; 18(3): 184-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453609&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on the changes of plasma cardionatrion before and after microwave acupuncture in coronary heart disease. Author(s): Xie X, Zeng Q, Liu X, Zhen Q, Xiao J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 March; 14(1): 26-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8196412&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on the curative effect of 120 cases of auditory hallucination treated with auricular acupuncture. Author(s): Shi ZX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 176-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615449&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on the curative effect of acupuncture on type I allergic diseases. Author(s): Lai X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 December; 13(4): 243-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8139270&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on the therapeutic effect of 120 cases of hallucination treated with auricular acupuncture. Author(s): Shi ZX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 December; 8(4): 263-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3246887&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on the therapeutic effects of acupuncture for 60 cases of simple obesity. Author(s): Wang H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 187-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400423&dopt=Abstract

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Observations of the therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion in 100 cases of dysmenorrhea. Author(s): Wang XM. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 15-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3613636&dopt=Abstract

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Observations on clinical therapeutic effect in treating soft tissue injuries by acupuncture, with pain threshold and electromyography as parameters. Author(s): Yuan CX, Xing JH, Yan CY. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 March; 9(1): 40-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2761282&dopt=Abstract

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Oculomotor disturbances in patients with tension headache treated with acupuncture or physiotherapy. Author(s): Carlsson J, Rosenhall U. Source: Cephalalgia. 1990 June; 10(3): 123-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2245457&dopt=Abstract

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Oculomotor nerve palsy treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Frenkel M, Frenkel J. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2002 March-April; 8(2): 120, 118. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11890379&dopt=Abstract

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On pins and needles? Pediatric pain patients' experience with acupuncture. Author(s): Kemper KJ, Sarah R, Silver-Highfield E, Xiarhos E, Barnes L, Berde C. Source: Pediatrics. 2000 April; 105(4 Pt 2): 941-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10742351&dopt=Abstract

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On the evaluation of the clinical effects of acupuncture: a problem reassessed and a framework for future research. Author(s): Lewith GT, Vincent C. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 79-90; Discussion 91-100. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395647&dopt=Abstract

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On the indications of acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Chen G, Zhong Y, Xing J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 September; 18(3): 225-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453621&dopt=Abstract

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On the therapeutic efficacy of electric acupuncture with moxibustion in 95 cases of chronic pelvic infectious disease (PID). Author(s): Wang XM. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 March; 9(1): 21-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2788236&dopt=Abstract

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On the therapeutic efficacy of thermo-electric acupuncture in 55 cases of kraurosis vulvae. Author(s): Xia YQ, Qi RM, Xu HL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 161-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3502163&dopt=Abstract

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Optic atrophy treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Wu ZS, Ye XL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 249-50. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2630810&dopt=Abstract

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Oriental concepts of acupuncture. Author(s): Limehouse JB. Source: Probl Vet Med. 1992 March; 4(1): 53-65. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1581661&dopt=Abstract

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Outbreak of hepatitis B in an acupuncture clinic. Author(s): Walsh B, Maguire H, Carrington D. Source: Commun Dis Public Health. 1999 June; 2(2): 137-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10402750&dopt=Abstract

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Overview of acupuncture in chronic pain clinical research. Author(s): Morris MM. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 125-7. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395649&dopt=Abstract

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Overview of acupuncture in the United States. Author(s): Shu JC. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(1): 59-62. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2898200&dopt=Abstract

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Overview of substance abuse acupuncture treatment research. Author(s): Culliton PD, Kiresuk TJ. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 149-59; Discussion 161-5. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395651&dopt=Abstract

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P6 acupuncture and postoperative vomiting after tonsillectomy in children. Author(s): Yentis SM, Bissonnette B. Source: Br J Anaesth. 1991 December; 67(6): 779-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1768550&dopt=Abstract

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Pain management: beyond pharmacology to acupuncture and hypnosis. Author(s): Loitman JE. Source: Jama. 2000 January 5; 283(1): 118-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10632295&dopt=Abstract

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Pain secondary to acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Lapeer GL, Monga TN. Source: Cranio. 1988 April; 6(2): 188-90. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3251652&dopt=Abstract

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Pain threshold changes following acupuncture, measured with cutaneous argon laser and electrical tooth pulp stimulation, a comparative study. Author(s): Olausson B, Sagvik J. Source: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2000 April; 24(3): 385-95. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10836487&dopt=Abstract

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Pain treatment by means of acupuncture. Author(s): Nissel H. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1993 January-March; 18(1): 1-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8098893&dopt=Abstract

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Pain treatment of fibromyalgia by acupuncture. Author(s): Sprott H, Franke S, Kluge H, Hein G. Source: Rheumatol Int. 1998; 18(1): 35-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9672997&dopt=Abstract

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Pain treatment with acupuncture for patients with fibromyalgia. Author(s): Targino RA, Imamura M, Kaziyama HH, Souza LP, Hsing WT, Imamura ST. Source: Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2002 October; 6(5): 379-83. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12207851&dopt=Abstract

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Painful piezogenic pedal papules: response to local electro-acupuncture. Author(s): Woodrow SL, Brereton-Smith G, Handfield-Jones S. Source: Br J Dermatol. 1997 April; 136(4): 628-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9155975&dopt=Abstract

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Pain-relief and movement improvement by acupuncture after ablation and axillary lymphadenectomy in patients with mammary cancer. Author(s): He JP, Friedrich M, Ertan AK, Muller K, Schmidt W. Source: Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 1999; 26(2): 81-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10459443&dopt=Abstract

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Passive acupuncture points as a physical and physiologic indicator of homeostasis. Author(s): Dung HC. Source: Chin Med J (Engl). 1988 May; 101(5): 329-33. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3145833&dopt=Abstract

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Patient characteristics and satisfaction for members using acupuncture services. Author(s): Taira DA, Chung RS. Source: Hawaii Med J. 2001 November; 60(11): 291-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11797496&dopt=Abstract

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Patient perspectives on outcomes after treatment with acupuncture. Author(s): Gould A, MacPherson H. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2001 June; 7(3): 261-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11439847&dopt=Abstract

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Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or acupuncture. Author(s): Pinsker MC. Source: Anesth Analg. 1999 October; 89(4): 1065. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10512295&dopt=Abstract

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Peripheral effects of sensory nerve stimulation (acupuncture) in inflammation and ischemia. Author(s): Lundeberg T. Source: Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1993; 29: 61-86. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8122077&dopt=Abstract

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Peritemporomandibular abscess as a complication of acupuncture: a case report. Author(s): Matsumura Y, Inui M, Tagawa T. Source: J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1998 April; 56(4): 495-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9541352&dopt=Abstract

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Permanent subcutaneous acupuncture needles: radiographic manifestations. Author(s): Galuten A, Austin JH. Source: Can Assoc Radiol J. 1988 March; 39(1): 54-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2966172&dopt=Abstract

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Permanently imbedded subcutaneous acupuncture needles: radiographic appearance. Author(s): Hollander JE, Dewitz A, Bowers S. Source: Ann Emerg Med. 1991 September; 20(9): 1025-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1877770&dopt=Abstract

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Peroneal nerve palsy following acupuncture treatment. A case report. Author(s): Sato M, Katsumoto H, Kawamura K, Sugiyama H, Takahashi T. Source: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003 May; 85-A(5): 916-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12728045&dopt=Abstract

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Personal experience in acupuncture treatment of mental diseases. Author(s): Ding D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 277-81. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12014130&dopt=Abstract

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Personal experience on acupuncture treatment of asthma. Author(s): Lou B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 March; 10(1): 13-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2362455&dopt=Abstract

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Personal experience with acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Chen K. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 September; 15(3): 203-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8569261&dopt=Abstract

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Perspectives in acupuncture. Author(s): Knottenbelt JD. Source: S Afr Med J. 1993 April; 83(4): 241-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8316915&dopt=Abstract

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Placebo controls for acupuncture studies. Author(s): Vincent C, Lewith G. Source: J R Soc Med. 1995 April; 88(4): 199-202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7745565&dopt=Abstract

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Placebo controls in randomized trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Vickers AJ. Source: Eval Health Prof. 2002 December; 25(4): 421-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12449085&dopt=Abstract

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Placebo needle for acupuncture. Author(s): Kaptchuk TJ. Source: Lancet. 1998 September 19; 352(9132): 992. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9752848&dopt=Abstract

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Playing ostriches about acupuncture? Author(s): Wertlen LE. Source: S Afr Med J. 1993 November; 83(11): 861. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7839226&dopt=Abstract

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Pneumothorax following acupuncture is a generally recognized complication seen by many emergency physicians. Author(s): Kelsey JH. Source: J Emerg Med. 1998 March-April; 16(2): 224-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9543407&dopt=Abstract

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Pneumothorax following acupuncture. Author(s): Olusanya O, Mansuri I. Source: J Am Board Fam Pract. 1997 July-August; 10(4): 296-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9228625&dopt=Abstract

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Pneumothorax resulting from acupuncture. Author(s): Gray R, Maharajh GS, Hyland R. Source: Can Assoc Radiol J. 1991 April; 42(2): 139-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2039957&dopt=Abstract

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Pneumothorax secondary to acupuncture. Author(s): Jawahar D, Elapavaluru S, Leo PJ. Source: Am J Emerg Med. 1999 May; 17(3): 310. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10337898&dopt=Abstract

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Positive evidence for P6 acupuncture antiemesis. Author(s): Dundee JW, McMillan C. Source: Postgrad Med J. 1991 May; 67(787): 417-22. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1852661&dopt=Abstract

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Possible complications of acupuncture. Author(s): Willms D. Source: West J Med. 1991 June; 154(6): 736-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1877222&dopt=Abstract

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Practical application of meridian acupuncture treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Author(s): Beppu S, Sato Y, Amemiya Y, Tode I. Source: Anesth Pain Control Dent. 1992 Spring; 1(2): 103-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1392684&dopt=Abstract

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Practical recommendations for the use of acupuncture in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders based on the outcome of published controlled studies. Author(s): Rosted P. Source: Oral Dis. 2001 March; 7(2): 109-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11355435&dopt=Abstract

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Predictive value of subjective and objective evaluation before acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Bulow HH, Christensen BV, Wilbek H, Iuhl IU, Dreijer NC, Rasmussen HF. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1992; 20(1): 17-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1605127&dopt=Abstract

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Pregnancy outcome following women's participation in a randomised controlled trial of acupuncture to treat nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Author(s): Smith C, Crowther C, Beilby J. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2002 June; 10(2): 78-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12481955&dopt=Abstract

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Preliminary results of a new method for locating auricular acupuncture points. Author(s): Falk CX, Birch S, Avants SK, Tsau Y, Margolin A. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2000; 25(3-4): 165-77. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11261767&dopt=Abstract

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Preoperative intradermal acupuncture reduces postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting, analgesic requirement, and sympathoadrenal responses. Author(s): Kotani N, Hashimoto H, Sato Y, Sessler DI, Yoshioka H, Kitayama M, Yasuda T, Matsuki A. Source: Anesthesiology. 2001 August; 95(2): 349-56. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11506105&dopt=Abstract

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Present status of cesarean section under acupuncture anesthesia in China. Author(s): Wang DW, Jin YH. Source: Fukushima J Med Sci. 1989 December; 35(2): 45-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2487311&dopt=Abstract

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Present status of research abroad concerning the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on immunologic functions. Author(s): Cui M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 September; 12(3): 211-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1453763&dopt=Abstract

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Pressure applied on the extra 1 acupuncture point reduces bispectral index values and stress in volunteers. Author(s): Fassoulaki A, Paraskeva A, Patris K, Pourgiezi T, Kostopanagiotou G. Source: Anesth Analg. 2003 March; 96(3): 885-90, Table of Contents. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12598279&dopt=Abstract

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Pressure pain threshold and needle acupuncture in chronic tension-type headache--a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Author(s): Karst M, Rollnik JD, Fink M, Reinhard M, Piepenbrock S. Source: Pain. 2000 November; 88(2): 199-203. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11050375&dopt=Abstract

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Pressure pain thresholds in patients with craniomandibular disorders before and after treatment with acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy: a controlled clinical study. Author(s): List T, Helkimo M, Karlsson R. Source: J Orofac Pain. 1993 Summer; 7(3): 275-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9116627&dopt=Abstract

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Prickly business. The finer points of acupuncture. Author(s): Chavez C. Source: Posit Aware. 1995 January-February; : 14-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11362204&dopt=Abstract

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Primary Parkinson's disease: the use of Tuina and acupuncture in accord with an evolving hypothesis of its cause from the perspective of Chinese traditional medicine--Part 2. Author(s): Walton-Hadlock J. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 31-49. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513097&dopt=Abstract

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Prof. Sheng Canruo's experience in acupuncture treatment of throat diseases with yan si xue. Author(s): Yao W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 June; 20(2): 122-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11039000&dopt=Abstract

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Prof. Xiao Shaoqing's experience in application of point-through-point acupuncture technique. Author(s): Ouyang B, Gao J, Xiao S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 September; 19(3): 210-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921153&dopt=Abstract

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Prof. Xiao Shaoqin's experience in acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Xu G. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 273-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12014129&dopt=Abstract

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Prognostic value of the pilocarpine test to identify patients who may obtain long-term relief from xerostomia by acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Blom M, Kopp S, Lundeberg T. Source: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 May; 125(5): 561-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10326815&dopt=Abstract

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Prolongation of the antiemetic action of P6 acupuncture by acupressure in patients having cancer chemotherapy. Author(s): Dundee JW, Yang J. Source: J R Soc Med. 1990 June; 83(6): 360-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2380964&dopt=Abstract

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Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of acupuncture on simple obesity complicated by cardiovascular diseases. Author(s): Liu Z, Sun F, Li J, Shi X, Hu L, Wang Y, Qian Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 March; 12(1): 21-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1597995&dopt=Abstract

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Prospective randomized trial using laser acupuncture versus desmopressin in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis. Author(s): Radmayr C, Schlager A, Studen M, Bartsch G. Source: Eur Urol. 2001 August; 40(2): 201-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11528199&dopt=Abstract

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Prospective studies of the safety of acupuncture: a systematic review. Author(s): Ernst E, White AR. Source: Am J Med. 2001 April 15; 110(6): 481-5. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11331060&dopt=Abstract

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Prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with Marfan's syndrome following acupuncture. Author(s): Nambiar P, Ratnatunga C. Source: J Heart Valve Dis. 2001 September; 10(5): 689-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11603611&dopt=Abstract

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Provision of acupuncture in a university health centre--a clinical audit. Author(s): Grabowska C, Squire C, MacRae E, Robinson N. Source: Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2003 February; 9(1): 14-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12604320&dopt=Abstract

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Pseudoaneurysm caused by acupuncture: a rare complication. Author(s): Fujiwara T, Tanohata K, Nagase M. Source: Ajr Am J Roentgenol. 1994 March; 162(3): 731. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8109533&dopt=Abstract

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Pseudoaneurysm of the abdominal aorta caused by acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Kim DI, Huh SH, Lee BB, Kim DK, Do YS. Source: Surg Today. 2002; 32(10): 942-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12376801&dopt=Abstract

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Pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery: a rare sequela of acupuncture. Author(s): Kao CL, Chang JP. Source: Tex Heart Inst J. 2002; 29(2): 126-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12075870&dopt=Abstract

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Pseudobulbar paralysis treated by acupuncture--clinical observation in 36 cases. Author(s): Du L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 March; 21(1): 12-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11360528&dopt=Abstract

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Pyoderma gangrenosum induced by acupuncture in a patient with ulcerative colitis. Author(s): Castro-Duran J, Martin-Armada M, Jimenez-Alonso J. Source: Arch Intern Med. 2000 August 14-28; 160(15): 2394. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10927741&dopt=Abstract

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Radiography, US, and CT of acupuncture needles in the abdominal organs. Author(s): Baek SY, Lee MG, Choi HY, Cho KS, Auh YH. Source: J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1992 September-October; 16(5): 834-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1522283&dopt=Abstract

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Radionuclide venography by subcutaneous injection of Tc-99m pertechnetate at acupuncture point K-3: a case report. Author(s): Chen MF, Wu CC, Jong SB, Lin CC. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1994; 22(3-4): 337-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7872246&dopt=Abstract

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Randomised clinical trial comparing the effects of acupuncture and a newly designed placebo needle in rotator cuff tendinitis. Author(s): Kleinhenz J, Streitberger K, Windeler J, Gussbacher A, Mavridis G, Martin E. Source: Pain. 1999 November; 83(2): 235-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10534595&dopt=Abstract

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Randomised trial of acupuncture compared with conventional massage and “sham” laser acupuncture for treatment of chronic neck pain. Author(s): Irnich D, Behrens N, Molzen H, Konig A, Gleditsch J, Krauss M, Natalis M, Senn E, Beyer A, Schops P. Source: Bmj. 2001 June 30; 322(7302): 1574-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11431299&dopt=Abstract

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Randomized trial comparing traditional Chinese medical acupuncture, therapeutic massage, and self-care education for chronic low back pain. Author(s): Cherkin DC, Eisenberg D, Sherman KJ, Barlow W, Kaptchuk TJ, Street J, Deyo RA. Source: Arch Intern Med. 2001 April 23; 161(8): 1081-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11322842&dopt=Abstract

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Randomized trial of acupuncture for nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Author(s): White AR, Resch KL, Ernst E. Source: Arch Intern Med. 1998 November 9; 158(20): 2251-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9818805&dopt=Abstract

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Rare but serious complications of acupuncture: traumatic lesions. Author(s): Peuker E, Gronemeyer D. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 103-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829156&dopt=Abstract

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Rationale and design of the Cocaine Alternative Treatments Study (CATS): a randomized, controlled trial of acupuncture. Author(s): Margolin A, Avants SK, Kleber HD. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1998 Winter; 4(4): 405-18. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9884178&dopt=Abstract

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Re: “Acute intracranial hemorrhage caused by acupuncture” (Choo DC, Yue G. Headache. 2000;40:397-398.). Author(s): Sohn RS. Source: Headache. 2001 March; 41(3): 328-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11264701&dopt=Abstract

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Re: Does acupuncture have additional value to standard poststroke motor rehabilitation? Author(s): Ernst E. Source: Stroke. 2002 July; 33(7): 1744; Author Reply 1744. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12105342&dopt=Abstract

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Recent advances in the understanding of acupuncture. 1978. Author(s): Liao SJ. Source: Yale J Biol Med. 2000 January-December; 73(1-6): 321-31. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11765952&dopt=Abstract

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Recent progress in the studies on weight reduction by acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Liu Z, Sun F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 September; 15(3): 224-30. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8569265&dopt=Abstract

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Recent progress in the study of acupuncture mechanisms. Author(s): Han JS. Source: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1988; 13(1): 36-42, 35. Review. Chinese, English. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2848650&dopt=Abstract

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Recurrent fainting--an unusual reaction to acupuncture. Author(s): Verma SK, Khamesra R. Source: J Assoc Physicians India. 1989 September; 37(9): 600. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2632562&dopt=Abstract

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Reducing naltrexone-resistant hyperphagia using laser acupuncture to increase endogenous opiates. Author(s): Read A, Beaty P, Corner J, Sommerville Ville C. Source: Brain Inj. 1996 December; 10(12): 911-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8939309&dopt=Abstract

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Reduction of blood flow impedance in the uterine arteries of infertile women with electro-acupuncture. Author(s): Stener-Victorin E, Waldenstrom U, Andersson SA, Wikland M. Source: Hum Reprod. 1996 June; 11(6): 1314-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8671446&dopt=Abstract

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Regulatory effect of cytokine production in asthma patients by SOOJI CHIM (Koryo Hand Acupuncture Therapy). Author(s): Jeong HJ, Kim BS, Oh JG, Kim KS, Kim HM. Source: Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2002 May; 24(2): 265-74. Erratum In: Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2003 February; 25(1): 129. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12066852&dopt=Abstract

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Relation of acupuncture and vagal gastric acid secretion. Author(s): Tougas G, Hunt RH. Source: Gut. 1995 May; 36(5): 800-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7797139&dopt=Abstract

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Relationship between blood radioimmunoreactive beta-endorphin and hand skin temperature during the electro-acupuncture induction of ovulation. Author(s): Chen BY, Yu J. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1991; 16(1-2): 1-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1674830&dopt=Abstract

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Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes. Author(s): Langevin HM, Yandow JA. Source: Anat Rec. 2002 December 15; 269(6): 257-65. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12467083&dopt=Abstract

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Relatively alcohol-resistant mycobacteria are emerging pathogens in patients receiving acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Woo PC, Leung KW, Wong SS, Chong KT, Cheung EY, Yuen KY. Source: J Clin Microbiol. 2002 April; 40(4): 1219-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11923335&dopt=Abstract

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Relief of chronic neck and shoulder pain by manual acupuncture to tender points--a sham-controlled randomized trial. Author(s): Nabeta T, Kawakita K. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2002 December; 10(4): 217-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12594972&dopt=Abstract

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Removal of a retained acupuncture needle in the paraspinal muscle using a neuronavigator. Author(s): Sakai Y, Watanabe E, Kobayashi S, Sekiguchi J, Ohmori K. Source: Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994 December; 94(7): 1097-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7972475&dopt=Abstract

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Reporting of clinical details in randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for the treatment of migraine/headaches and nausea/vomiting. Author(s): Elorriaga Claraco A, Hanna SE, Fargas-Babjak A. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2003 February; 9(1): 151-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676043&dopt=Abstract

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Research on the acupuncture principles and meridian phenomena by means of infrared thermography. Author(s): Zhang D, Gao H, Wen B, Wei Z. Source: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1990; 15(4): 319-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2125897&dopt=Abstract

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Research on the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture: review of selected studies and methodological issues. Author(s): Shen J. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2001; 7 Suppl 1: S121-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11822627&dopt=Abstract

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Research on traditional Chinese acupuncture--science or myth. Author(s): Dundee JW, Ghaly RG. Source: J R Soc Med. 1989 April; 82(4): 244-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2716029&dopt=Abstract

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Research on traditional Chinese acupuncture--science or myth: a review. Author(s): Prance SE, Dresser A, Wood C, Fleming J, Aldridge D, Pietroni PC. Source: J R Soc Med. 1988 October; 81(10): 588-90. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3054100&dopt=Abstract

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Results of a traditional acupuncture intervention for stuttering. Author(s): Craig AR, Kearns M. Source: J Speech Hear Res. 1995 June; 38(3): 572-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7674649&dopt=Abstract

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Retroperitoneal hematoma due to rupture of a pseudoaneurysm caused by acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Matsuyama H, Nagao K, Yamakawa GI, Akahoshi K, Naito K. Source: J Urol. 1998 June; 159(6): 2087-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9598531&dopt=Abstract

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Reusable acupuncture needles are a potential risk for transmitting Prion disease. Author(s): Rosted P, Jorgensen VK. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 71-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471595&dopt=Abstract

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Review on acupuncture treatment of peripheral facial paralysis during the past decade. Author(s): He S, Zhang H, Liu R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 March; 15(1): 63-7. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7783466&dopt=Abstract

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Reviews of acupuncture for chronic neck pain: pitfalls in conducting systematic reviews. Author(s): White P, Lewith G, Berman B, Birch S. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002 November; 41(11): 1224-31. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12421994&dopt=Abstract

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Revival of Shalya Chikitsa or acupuncture. Author(s): Shah RL. Source: J Indian Med Assoc. 1996 November; 94(11): 428. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9141873&dopt=Abstract

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Risk information and informed consent in acupuncture--a proposal from Germany. Author(s): Peuker ET, Gronemeyer DH. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 137-41. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829163&dopt=Abstract

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Robotic transcranial Doppler sonography probes and acupuncture. Author(s): Litscher G, Schwarz G, Sandner-Kiesling A, Hadolt I. Source: Int J Neurosci. 1998 July; 95(1-2): 1-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9845012&dopt=Abstract

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Role of acupuncture in the treatment of female infertility. Author(s): Chang R, Chung PH, Rosenwaks Z. Source: Fertil Steril. 2002 December; 78(6): 1149-53. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12477502&dopt=Abstract

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Role of polymodal receptors in the acupuncture-mediated endogenous pain inhibitory systems. Author(s): Kawakita K, Gotoh K. Source: Prog Brain Res. 1996; 113: 507-23. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9009752&dopt=Abstract

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Safety aspects of acupuncture in palliative care. Author(s): Filshie J. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 117-22. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829159&dopt=Abstract

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Safety in acupuncture. Core curriculum is important. Author(s): Hicks J, Hicks A, Mole P, Smith C. Source: Bmj. 1997 August 16; 315(7105): 430. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9277623&dopt=Abstract

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Safety in acupuncture. Guidelines on practice of acupuncture exist. Author(s): Uddin J. Source: Bmj. 1997 August 16; 315(7105): 430. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9277624&dopt=Abstract

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Safety in acupuncture. Rigorous accreditation schedule for acupuncture already exists. Author(s): Baldwin of Bewdley E. Source: Bmj. 1997 August 16; 315(7105): 429-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9277622&dopt=Abstract

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Safety issues in acupuncture. Author(s): Lao L. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 27-31. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395638&dopt=Abstract

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Safety of acupuncture. Incident reporting and feedback may reduce risks. Author(s): Yamashita H, Tsukayama H. Source: Bmj. 2002 January 19; 324(7330): 170-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11822340&dopt=Abstract

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Safety of acupuncture. Studies of safety must look at communication and organisational issues. Author(s): Wilson T. Source: Bmj. 2002 January 19; 324(7330): 170. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11799040&dopt=Abstract

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Scalp acupuncture therapy and its clinical application. Author(s): Lu S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 272-80. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1839045&dopt=Abstract

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Scalp acupuncture. Author(s): Nakazawa H, Averil A. Source: Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 1999 August; 10(3): 555-62. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10516976&dopt=Abstract

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Scalp and body acupuncture for treatment of senile insomnia--a report of 83 cases. Author(s): Lu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 193-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400425&dopt=Abstract

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Scientific bases of acupuncture analgesia. Author(s): Cao X. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2002; 27(1): 1-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12044016&dopt=Abstract

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Scientific research into acupuncture for the relief of pain. Author(s): Pomeranz B. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 53-60; Discussion 73-5. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395643&dopt=Abstract

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Second-line and 'alternative' treatments for alcohol withdrawal: alpha-agonists, betablockers, anticonvulsants, acupuncture and neuro-electric therapy. Author(s): Brewer C. Source: Alcohol Alcohol. 1995 November; 30(6): 799-803. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8679022&dopt=Abstract

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Seminal studies in acupuncture research. Author(s): Berman BM. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2001; 7 Suppl 1: S129-37. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11822628&dopt=Abstract

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Sensory stimulation (acupuncture) for the treatment of idiopathic anterior knee pain. Author(s): Naslund J, Naslund UB, Odenbring S, Lundeberg T. Source: J Rehabil Med. 2002 September; 34(5): 231-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12392239&dopt=Abstract

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Sensory stimulation (acupuncture) increases the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the saliva of xerostomia sufferers. Author(s): Dawidson I, Angmar-Mansson B, Blom M, Theodorsson E, Lundeberg T. Source: Neuropeptides. 1999 June; 33(3): 244-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10657499&dopt=Abstract

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Sensory stimulation (acupuncture) increases the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the saliva of xerostomia sufferers. Author(s): Dawidson I, Angmar-Mansson B, Blom M, Theodorsson E, Lundeberg T. Source: Neuropeptides. 1998 December; 32(6): 543-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9920452&dopt=Abstract

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Serratia marcescens infected silk suture rejected by combined acupuncture, moxibustion and low-power laser therapy from the abdominal fascia. Author(s): Sternfeld M, Finkelstein Y, Hod I. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1988; 16(1-2): 81-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3064583&dopt=Abstract

Studies 199

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Seven cases of spinal arachnoiditis treated by electro-acupuncture along the du meridian and moxibustion on guanyuan point. Author(s): Dai TC. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 243-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2630807&dopt=Abstract

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Seventy-five cases of stiff neck treated by acupuncture at acupoint yanglao (SI 6). Author(s): Wang D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 269-71. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877336&dopt=Abstract

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Short-term acupuncture therapy is of no benefit in patients with moderate persistent asthma. Author(s): Shapira MY, Berkman N, Ben-David G, Avital A, Bardach E, Breuer R. Source: Chest. 2002 May; 121(5): 1396-400. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12006419&dopt=Abstract

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Should cocaine-abusing, buprenorphine-maintained patients receive auricular acupuncture? Findings from an acute effects study. Author(s): Margolin A, Avants SK. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 December; 5(6): 567-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10630350&dopt=Abstract

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Should systematic reviews include non-randomized and uncontrolled studies? The case of acupuncture for chronic headache. Author(s): Linde K, Scholz M, Melchart D, Willich SN. Source: J Clin Epidemiol. 2002 January; 55(1): 77-85. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11781125&dopt=Abstract

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Side-effects associated with acupuncture and a sham treatment: perhaps we should take a closer look at what is really responsible? Author(s): Lewith GT, White P. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2003 February; 9(1): 16-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676030&dopt=Abstract

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Silicone granuloma on the entry points of acupuncture, venepuncture and surgical needles. Author(s): Yanagihara M, Fujii T, Wakamatu N, Ishizaki H, Takehara T, Nawate K. Source: J Cutan Pathol. 2000 July; 27(6): 301-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10885407&dopt=Abstract

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Simple obesity and obesity hyperlipemia treated with otoacupoint pellet pressure and body acupuncture. Author(s): Sun Q, Xu Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 March; 13(1): 22-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8501954&dopt=Abstract

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Single-use acupuncture needles: scanning electron-microscopy of needle-tips. Author(s): Hayhoe S, McCrossan M, Smith A, Ellis D, Croft S, Mei MF. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 March; 20(1): 11-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11926598&dopt=Abstract

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Singular point, organizing center and acupuncture point. Author(s): Shang C. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1989; 17(3-4): 119-27. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2561250&dopt=Abstract

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Six-month depression relapse rates among women treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Gallagher SM, Allen JJ, Hitt SK, Schnyer RN, Manber R. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 December; 9(4): 216-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12184348&dopt=Abstract

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Skin disinfection and acupuncture. Author(s): Hoffman P. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 112-6. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829158&dopt=Abstract

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Smoking cessation rates 4 years after treatment by nicotine gum and acupuncture. Author(s): Clavel-Chapelon F, Paoletti C, Benhamou S. Source: Prev Med. 1997 January-February; 26(1): 25-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9010894&dopt=Abstract

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Somatic sympathetic vasomotor changes documented by medical thermographic imaging during acupuncture analgesia. Author(s): Thomas D, Collins S, Strauss S. Source: Clin Rheumatol. 1992 March; 11(1): 55-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1582120&dopt=Abstract

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Somatosensory evoked potential changes following electro-acupuncture therapy in chronic pain patients. Author(s): Kumar A, Tandon OP, Bhattacharya A, Gupta RK, Dhar D. Source: Anaesthesia. 1995 May; 50(5): 411-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7793546&dopt=Abstract

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Some important links in promoting the curative effect of acupuncture. Author(s): Wang L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 March; 12(1): 64-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1598003&dopt=Abstract

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Some introductory remarks on acupuncture in dentistry. Author(s): Nauta J, Zhang T. Source: Eds Mag. 1990 May; (1): 33-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2131024&dopt=Abstract

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Speaker's corner. Becoming an integrated physician: first step is acupuncture training. Author(s): Li L. Source: West J Med. 1999 September; 171(3): 210-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10560303&dopt=Abstract

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Sphenoidal EEG recording using acupuncture needle electrode in complex partial seizure. Author(s): Chu NS, Wu CL, Tseng TS, Kuo LL. Source: Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1991 August; 79(2): 119-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1713825&dopt=Abstract

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Spinal epidural hematoma with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by acupuncture. Author(s): Keane JR, Ahmadi J, Gruen P. Source: Ajnr Am J Neuroradiol. 1993 March-April; 14(2): 365-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8456713&dopt=Abstract

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Spinal nerves and acupuncture. Author(s): Yamamura Y, Tabosa A, Cricenti SV, DiDio LJ. Source: Rev Assoc Med Bras. 1996 April-June; 42(2): 115-8. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9110461&dopt=Abstract

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Stamps in cardiology. Acupuncture anaesthesia for open heart surgery. Author(s): Cheng TO. Source: Heart. 2000 March; 83(3): 256. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10677398&dopt=Abstract

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Standards for reporting interventions in controlled trials of acupuncture: the STRICTA recommendations. Author(s): MacPherson H, White A, Cummings M, Jobst K, Rose K, Niemtzow R. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 December; 9(4): 246-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12184354&dopt=Abstract

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Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture: the STRICTA recommendations. Author(s): MacPherson H, White A, Cummings M, Jobst KA, Rose K, Niemtzow RC; STRICTA Group. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2002 February; 8(1): 85-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11890439&dopt=Abstract

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Standards for reporting interventions in controlled trials of acupuncture: The STRICTA recommendations.STandards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trails of Acupuncture. Author(s): MacPherson H, White A, Cummings M, Jobst K, Rose K, Niemtzow R; STandards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trails of Acupuncture. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 March; 20(1): 22-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11926601&dopt=Abstract

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Staphylococcus aureus subcutaneous abscess complicating acupuncture: need for implementation of proper infection control guidelines. Author(s): Woo PC, Lau SK, Wong SS, Yuen KY. Source: New Microbiol. 2003 April; 26(2): 169-74. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12737199&dopt=Abstract

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Stimulation of auricular acupuncture points in weight loss. Author(s): Richards D, Marley J. Source: Aust Fam Physician. 1998 July; 27 Suppl 2: S73-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9679359&dopt=Abstract

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Strategies to maintain the credibility of sham acupuncture used as a control treatment in clinical trials. Author(s): Zaslawski C, Rogers C, Garvey M, Ryan D, Yang CX, Zhang SP. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Fall; 3(3): 257-66. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9430329&dopt=Abstract

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Studies of needling depth in acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Lin JG. Source: Chin Med J (Engl). 1997 February; 110(2): 154-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9594291&dopt=Abstract

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Studies on reducing and reinforcing manipulation of acupuncture during the past 4 years (continued). Author(s): Ma Y, Liu W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 308-11 Concl. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877345&dopt=Abstract

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Studies on reducing and reinforcing manipulation of acupuncture during the past 4 years. Author(s): Ma Y, Liu W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 September; 14(3): 226-32. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7799659&dopt=Abstract

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Studies on the enhanced effect of acupuncture analgesia and acupuncture anesthesia by D-phenylalanine (2nd report)--schedule of administration and clinical effects in low back pain and tooth extraction. Author(s): Kitade T, Odahara Y, Shinohara S, Ikeuchi T, Sakai T, Morikawa K, Minamikawa M, Toyota S, Kawachi A, Hyodo M, et al. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1990; 15(2): 121-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1978503&dopt=Abstract

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Studies on the enhanced effect of acupuncture analgesia and acupuncture anesthesia by D-phenylalanine (first report)--effect on pain threshold and inhibition by naloxone. Author(s): Kitade T, Odahara Y, Shinohara S, Ikeuchi T, Sakai T, Morikawa K, Minamikawa M, Toyota S, Kawachi A, Hyodo M, et al. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(2-3): 87-97. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2904213&dopt=Abstract

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Study on acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for female urethral syndrome. Author(s): Zheng H, Wang S, Shang J, Chen G, Huang C, Hong H, Chen S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 June; 18(2): 122-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437230&dopt=Abstract

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Study on cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 in patients of chronic allergic rhinitis treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Petti FB, Liguori A, Ippoliti F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 104-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12125480&dopt=Abstract

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Study on the morphological basis of physiological and biophysical characteristics of acupuncture meridian. Author(s): Zhu Z. Source: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1990; 15(4): 332-4, 296. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2125899&dopt=Abstract

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Subarachnoid hemorrhage and spinal root injury caused by acupuncture needle--case report. Author(s): Murata K, Nishio A, Nishikawa M, Ohinata Y, Sakaguchi M, Nishimura S. Source: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 1990 November; 30(12): 956-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1710325&dopt=Abstract

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Subcutaneous injection of 99mTc pertechnetate at acupuncture points K-3 and B-60. Author(s): Wu CC, Jong SB, Lin CC, Chen MF, Chen JR, Chung C. Source: Radioisotopes. 1990 June; 39(6): 261-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2168571&dopt=Abstract

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Substitution of acupuncture for HCG in ovulation induction. Author(s): Cai X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 June; 17(2): 119-21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437180&dopt=Abstract

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Supra-malleolar acupuncture substituting for pethidine in appeasement of renal colic. Author(s): Zhang XT, Zhang YE. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 December; 8(4): 260-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3246886&dopt=Abstract

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Survey of adverse events following acupuncture (SAFA): a prospective study of 32,000 consultations. Author(s): White A, Hayhoe S, Hart A, Ernst E; BMAS and AACP. British Medical Acupuncture Society and Acupuncture Association of Chartered Physiotherapists. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 84-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11829164&dopt=Abstract

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Survey of the effect of acupuncture therapy in 35 cases of obstructive and communicating hydrocephalus. Author(s): Chen XN, He CY, Huang FL, Zhang XG, Huang CQ, Sun ZQ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 June; 7(2): 101-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3448387&dopt=Abstract

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Sympathetic nerve activity after acupuncture in humans. Author(s): Knardahl S, Elam M, Olausson B, Wallin BG. Source: Pain. 1998 March; 75(1): 19-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9539670&dopt=Abstract

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Symposium showcases continued development of acupuncture research. Author(s): Ergil KV. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2001 June; 7(3): 299-302. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11439852&dopt=Abstract

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Systematic review of adverse events following acupuncture: the Japanese literature. Author(s): Yamashita H, Tsukayama H, White AR, Tanno Y, Sugishita C, Ernst E. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 June; 9(2): 98-104. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11444889&dopt=Abstract

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Teasing apart quality and validity in systematic reviews: an example from acupuncture trials in chronic neck and back pain. Author(s): Smith LA, Oldman AD, McQuay HJ, Moore RA. Source: Pain. 2000 May; 86(1-2): 119-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10779669&dopt=Abstract

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Tenderness and acupuncture points in the masseter muscle: a correlation study. Author(s): List T, Helkimo M. Source: J Craniomandib Disord. 1988 Summer; 2(3): 133-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3268567&dopt=Abstract

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Testimony to the Office of Alternative Medicine workshop on acupuncture. Author(s): Kaltsas HJ. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Spring; 2(1): 37-8; Discussion 41-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395640&dopt=Abstract

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Testing strategies to reduce diarrhea in persons with HIV using traditional Chinese medicine: acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Anastasi JK, McMahon DJ. Source: J Assoc Nurses Aids Care. 2003 May-June; 14(3): 28-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12800810&dopt=Abstract

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Thalamic neuron theory: meridians=DNA. The genetic and embryological basis of traditional Chinese medicine including acupuncture. Author(s): Lee TN. Source: Med Hypotheses. 2002 November; 59(5): 504-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12376072&dopt=Abstract

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The acupuncture murders. Author(s): Mayor D. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 140. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216599&dopt=Abstract

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The advances and prospect in physiological and biophysical approaches of acupuncture meridian system. Author(s): Zhu ZX. Source: Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 1988; 13(2): 81-9. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2847888&dopt=Abstract

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The affects of acupuncture at sibai and neiting acupoints on gastric peristalsis. Author(s): Chang X, Yan J, Yi S, Lin Y, Yang R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 286-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12014132&dopt=Abstract

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The analgesic effect of acupuncture in chronic tennis elbow pain. Author(s): Molsberger A, Hille E. Source: Br J Rheumatol. 1994 December; 33(12): 1162-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8000747&dopt=Abstract

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The analgesic efficacy of bee venom acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis: a comparative study with needle acupuncture. Author(s): Kwon YB, Kim JH, Yoon JH, Lee JD, Han HJ, Mar WC, Beitz AJ, Lee JH. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2001; 29(2): 187-99. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11527062&dopt=Abstract

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The application of acupuncture anesthesia in cystoscopy. Author(s): Li L, Jiang S, Zhong Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 March; 14(1): 30-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8196414&dopt=Abstract

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The application of bloodletting in acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Xu R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 December; 10(4): 274-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277530&dopt=Abstract

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The application of digital acupuncture in acute abdomen. Author(s): Yu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 June; 15(2): 122-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7650960&dopt=Abstract

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The basal electrical skin resistance of acupuncture points in normal subjects. Author(s): Cho SH, Chun SI. Source: Yonsei Med J. 1994 December; 35(4): 464-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7871851&dopt=Abstract

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The basic knowledge indispensable for a qualified acupuncture doctor. Author(s): Wang B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 March; 10(1): 6-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2362466&dopt=Abstract

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The benefit from whole body acupuncture in major depression. Author(s): Roschke J, Wolf C, Muller MJ, Wagner P, Mann K, Grozinger M, Bech S. Source: J Affect Disord. 2000 January-March; 57(1-3): 73-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10708818&dopt=Abstract

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The cortical and meridian sensations--a suggestion of the use of acupuncture to examine parietal lobe function. Author(s): Xue CC. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 March; 8(1): 9-14. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2839741&dopt=Abstract

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The drive for professionalization in acupuncture: a preliminary view from the San Francisco Bay area. Author(s): Baer HA, Jen C, Tanassi LM, Tsia C, Wahbeh H. Source: Soc Sci Med. 1998 February-March; 46(4-5): 533-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9460832&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture in 90 cases of sequelae of brain concussion. Author(s): Wang XM, Yang SL. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 127-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412010&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture in chronic intractable epilepsy. Author(s): Kloster R, Larsson PG, Lossius R, Nakken KO, Dahl R, Xiu-Ling X, Wen-Xin Z, Kinge E, Edna Rossberg. Source: Seizure. 1999 May; 8(3): 170-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10356376&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture in the treatment of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. A controlled study. Author(s): List T, Lundeberg T, Lundstrom I, Lindstrom F, Ravald N. Source: Acta Odontol Scand. 1998 April; 56(2): 95-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9669460&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on apoplectic aphasia. Author(s): Zhang ZJ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 169-70. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2482395&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Author(s): Ouyang G, Wang L, Wang D, Zhuo T, Shen Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 9-11. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977530&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on gastrointestinal function and disorders. Author(s): Li Y, Tougas G, Chiverton SG, Hunt RH. Source: Am J Gastroenterol. 1992 October; 87(10): 1372-81. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1415090&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on nonallergic rhinitis: a controlled pilot study. Author(s): Davies A, Lewith G, Goddard J, Howarth P. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1998 January; 4(1): 70-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9439022&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Author(s): David J, Townsend S, Sathanathan R, Kriss S, Dore CJ. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999 September; 38(9): 864-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10515648&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on salivary flow rates in patients with xerostomia. Author(s): Blom M, Dawidson I, Angmar-Mansson B. Source: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1992 March; 73(3): 293-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1545961&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on spinal motor neuron excitability in stroke patients. Author(s): Yu YH, Wang HC, Wang ZJ. Source: Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 1995 October; 56(4): 258-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8548668&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the acute withdrawal symptoms from rapid opiate detoxification. Author(s): Montazeri K, Farahnakian M, Saghaei M. Source: Acta Anaesthesiol Sin. 2002 December; 40(4): 173-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12596615&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the coronary arteries as evaluated by coronary angiography: a preliminary report. Author(s): Kurono Y, Egawa M, Yano T, Shimoo K. Source: Am J Chin Med. 2002; 30(2-3): 387-96. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230027&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the incidence of postextubation laryngospasm in children. Author(s): Lee CK, Chien TJ, Hsu JC, Yang CY, Hsiao JM, Huang YR, Chang CL. Source: Anaesthesia. 1998 September; 53(9): 917-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9849290&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the phagocytic activity of human leukocytes. Author(s): Zhou RX, Huang FL, Jiang SR, Jiang JC. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 83-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412017&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the temperature of the ocular surface in conjunctivitis sicca measured by non-contact thermography: preliminary results. Author(s): Nepp J, Tsubota K, Goto E, Schauersberger J, Schild G, Jandrasits K, Abela C, Wedrich A. Source: Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002; 506(Pt A): 723-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12613984&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture stimulation of the middle latency auditory evoked potential. Author(s): Liao TJ, Nakanishi H, Nishikawa H. Source: Tohoku J Exp Med. 1993 June; 170(2): 103-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8266323&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of auricular acupuncture on anaesthesia with desflurane. Author(s): Taguchi A, Sharma N, Ali SZ, Dave B, Sessler DI, Kurz A. Source: Anaesthesia. 2002 December; 57(12): 1159-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12437705&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of auricular acupuncture on olfactory acuity. Author(s): Tanaka O, Mukaino Y. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1999; 27(1): 19-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10354813&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of auricular acupuncture on psychophysiological measures of cocaine craving. Author(s): Killeen TK, Haight B, Brady K, Herman J, Michel Y, Stuart G, Young S. Source: Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2002 July-August; 23(5): 445-59. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12079598&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of electrical acupuncture-stimulation therapy using thermography and plasma endothelin (ET-1) levels in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Author(s): Maeda M, Kachi H, Ichihashi N, Oyama Z, Kitajima Y. Source: J Dermatol Sci. 1998 June; 17(2): 151-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9673897&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of electro-acupuncture on motor function recovery in patients with acute cerebral infarction: a randomly controlled trial. Author(s): Pei J, Sun L, Chen R, Zhu T, Qian Y, Yuan D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 270-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12014128&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of pre-emptive acupuncture treatment on analgesic requirements after daycase knee arthroscopy. Author(s): Pelimon A. Source: Anaesthesia. 2000 June; 55(6): 603-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10866744&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of pre-emptive acupuncture treatment on analgesic requirements after daycase knee arthroscopy. Author(s): Gupta S, Francis JD, Tillu AB, Sattirajah AI, Sizer J. Source: Anaesthesia. 1999 December; 54(12): 1204-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10594420&dopt=Abstract

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The effectiveness of acupuncture in the management of acute and chronic low back pain. A systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group. Author(s): van Tulder MW, Cherkin DC, Berman B, Lao L, Koes BW. Source: Spine. 1999 June 1; 24(11): 1113-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10361661&dopt=Abstract

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The effectiveness of acupuncture in treating acute dental pain: a systematic review. Author(s): Ernst E, Pittler MH. Source: Br Dent J. 1998 May 9; 184(9): 443-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9617000&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of acupuncture on blood pressure in different patients. Author(s): Guo W, Ni G. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 49-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747201&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of acupuncture on operative pain and the hormonal responses to stress. Author(s): Leong RJ, Chernow B. Source: Int Anesthesiol Clin. 1988 Fall; 26(3): 213-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3049394&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of acupuncture on the sensory evoked potential response. Author(s): Choi CR, Lee G, Lee SC, Song J. Source: Neurochirurgia (Stuttg). 1988 January; 31(1): 21-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3347333&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of acupuncture, electroneedling and transcutaneous electrical stimulation therapies on peripheral haemodynamic functioning. Author(s): Balogun JA, Biasci S, Han L. Source: Disabil Rehabil. 1998 February; 20(2): 41-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9494036&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of manifest and latent propagated sensation along the channel on the acupuncture regulation of cardiac function. Author(s): You ZQ, Wu BH, Wang K, Hu XL, Zhang W, Meng JW, Lin YZ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 September; 7(3): 195-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3444350&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of nasal massage of the “yingxiang” acupuncture point on nasal airway resistance and sensation of nasal airflow in patients with nasal congestion associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection. Author(s): Takeuchi H, Jawad MS, Eccles R. Source: Am J Rhinol. 1999 March-April; 13(2): 77-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10219433&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of qi-gong and acupuncture on human cerebral evoked potentials and electroencephalogram. Author(s): Xu M, Tomotake M, Ikuta T, Ishimoto Y, Okura M. Source: J Med Invest. 1998 February; 44(3-4): 163-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9597804&dopt=Abstract

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The evidence for acupuncture as a treatment for rheumatologic conditions. Author(s): Berman BM, Swyers JP, Ezzo J. Source: Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2000 February; 26(1): 103-15, Ix-X. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10680198&dopt=Abstract

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The experience of acupuncture for treatment of substance dependence. Author(s): Bernstein KS. Source: J Nurs Scholarsh. 2000; 32(3): 267-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12462821&dopt=Abstract

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The functional background in acupuncture effects. Author(s): Andersson S. Source: Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1993; 29: 31-60. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8122076&dopt=Abstract

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The history and application of acupuncture. Author(s): Horner C. Source: Br J Theatre Nurs. 1998 September; 8(6): 33-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9934044&dopt=Abstract

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The holistic approach in acupuncture treatment: implications for clinical trials. Author(s): Choi PY, Tweed A. Source: J Psychosom Res. 1996 October; 41(4): 349-56. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8971665&dopt=Abstract

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The impact of site specificity and needle manipulation on changes to pain pressure threshold following manual acupuncture: a controlled study. Author(s): Zaslawski CJ, Cobbin D, Lidums E, Petocz P. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2003 March; 11(1): 11-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12667970&dopt=Abstract

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The impact of the addition of an acupuncture treatment program to an existing metroDade County outpatient substance abuse treatment facility. Author(s): Konefal J, Duncan R, Clemence C. Source: J Addict Dis. 1994; 13(3): 71-99. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7734461&dopt=Abstract

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The influence of acupuncture on salivary flow rates in healthy subjects. Author(s): Dawidson I, Blom M, Lundeberg T, Angmar-Mansson B. Source: J Oral Rehabil. 1997 March; 24(3): 204-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9131475&dopt=Abstract

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The influence of acupuncture on the impedance measured by four electrodes on meridians. Author(s): Zhang W, Xu R, Zhu Z. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1999; 24(3-4): 181-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10768415&dopt=Abstract

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The influence of sensory stimulation (acupuncture) on the release of neuropeptides in the saliva of healthy subjects. Author(s): Dawidson I, Angmar-Mansson B, Blom M, Theodorsson E, Lundeberg T. Source: Life Sci. 1998; 63(8): 659-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9718095&dopt=Abstract

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The integrative hospital explored via acupuncture. Author(s): Schuster DM. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1996 Winter; 2(4): 503-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395680&dopt=Abstract

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The language of acupuncture: should Western physicians learn it? Author(s): Erickson JK. Source: Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc. 1995 Fall; 58(4): 21-5. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8539273&dopt=Abstract

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The local mechanism of acupuncture. Author(s): Chu J. Source: Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 2002 July; 65(7): 299-302. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12365644&dopt=Abstract

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The mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia. Author(s): Foster JM, Sweeney BP. Source: Br J Hosp Med. 1987 October; 38(4): 308-12. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3315081&dopt=Abstract

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The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials of homeopathy, herbal medicines and acupuncture. Author(s): Linde K, Jonas WB, Melchart D, Willich S. Source: Int J Epidemiol. 2001 June; 30(3): 526-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11416076&dopt=Abstract

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The muscle twitch in myofascial pain relief: effects of acupuncture and other needling methods. Author(s): Chu J, Schwartz I. Source: Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 2002 July-August; 42(5): 307-11. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12168251&dopt=Abstract

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The needle and the lancet: acupuncture in Britain, 1683-2000. Author(s): Bivins R. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 2-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471579&dopt=Abstract

Studies 215

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The origin of the five elements in the traditional theorem of acupuncture: a preliminary brief historic enquiry. Author(s): Liao SJ. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992; 17(1): 7-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1351340&dopt=Abstract

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The origins of acupuncture. Author(s): Campbell A. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 August; 20(2-3): 141. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12216601&dopt=Abstract

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The patterns of stress response in patients undergoing thyroid surgery under acupuncture anaesthesia in China. Author(s): Kho HG, van Egmond J, Zhuang CF, Zhang GL, Lin GF. Source: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1990 October; 34(7): 563-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2173867&dopt=Abstract

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The physiological responses induced by superficial acupuncture: a comparative study of acupuncture stimulation during exhalation phase and continuous stimulation. Author(s): Tanaka TH, Leisman G, Nishijo K. Source: Int J Neurosci. 1997 June; 90(1-2): 45-58. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9285287&dopt=Abstract

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The pitfalls of clinical acupuncture research: can east satisfy west? Author(s): Harden RN. Source: Arthritis Care Res. 1994 September; 7(3): 115-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7727549&dopt=Abstract

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The place of acupuncture in medicine today. Author(s): Camp V. Source: Br J Rheumatol. 1995 May; 34(5): 404-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7788166&dopt=Abstract

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The place of acupuncture in the management of psychogenic impotence. Author(s): Yaman LS, Kilic S, Sarica K, Bayar M, Saygin B. Source: Eur Urol. 1994; 26(1): 52-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7925530&dopt=Abstract

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The placebo response and effect of time in a trial of acupuncture to treat nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Author(s): Smith C, Crowther C. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2002 December; 10(4): 210-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12594971&dopt=Abstract

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The present state and perspective in treatment of primary osteoporosis by acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Zhao Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 67-72. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977527&dopt=Abstract

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The regulation of acupuncture needles by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Author(s): Turner JS. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1995 January; 1(1): 15-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395599&dopt=Abstract

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The reporting of clinical acupuncture research: what do clinicians need to know? Author(s): Claraco AE, Fargas-Babjak A, Hanna SE. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2003 February; 9(1): 143-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676042&dopt=Abstract

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The role of acupuncture in asthma: changes in airways dynamics and LTC4 induced LAI. Author(s): Sternfeld M, Fink A, Bentwich Z, Eliraz A. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1989; 17(3-4): 129-34. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2633615&dopt=Abstract

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The role of acupuncture in controlling the gagging reflex using a review of ten cases. Author(s): Fiske J, Dickinson C. Source: Br Dent J. 2001 June 9; 190(11): 611-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11441900&dopt=Abstract

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The role of acupuncture in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a pilot study. Author(s): Chan J, Carr I, Mayberry JF. Source: Hepatogastroenterology. 1997 September-October; 44(17): 1328-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9356848&dopt=Abstract

Studies 217

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The role of acupuncture in the treatment of urologic conditions. Author(s): Ripoll E, Bunn T. Source: World J Urol. 2002 November; 20(5): 315-8. Epub 2002 October 23. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12522589&dopt=Abstract

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The role of the cerebral cortex in acupuncture modulation of the somesthetic afferent. Author(s): Abad-Alegria F, Adelantado S, Martinez T. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1995; 23(1): 11-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7598087&dopt=Abstract

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The role of the endogenous opioid system in the effects of acupuncture on mood, behavior, learning, and memory. Author(s): Sher L. Source: Med Hypotheses. 1998 June; 50(6): 475-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9710318&dopt=Abstract

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The role of trigeminal nerve in acupuncture. Author(s): Skokljev A, Koruga E. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(2-3): 67-78. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2904211&dopt=Abstract

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The safety of acupuncture. Author(s): Vincent C. Source: Bmj. 2001 September 1; 323(7311): 467-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11532826&dopt=Abstract

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The scientific rationale, clinical practice, and future of acupuncture in the United States. Author(s): Stulbaum AW. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992 July-September; 17(3): 229-31. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1357928&dopt=Abstract

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The sharp end of medical practice: the use of acupuncture in obstetrics and gynaecology. Author(s): Renckens CN. Source: Bjog. 2002 December; 109(12): 1418-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12504990&dopt=Abstract

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The sharp end of medical practice: the use of acupuncture in obstetrics and gynaecology. Author(s): Ewies AA, Olah KS. Source: Bjog. 2002 January; 109(1): 1-4. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11845811&dopt=Abstract

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The sharp end of medical practice: the use of acupuncture in obstetrics and gynecology. Author(s): Zeisler H, Husslein P. Source: Bjog. 2002 December; 109(12): 1419. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12504991&dopt=Abstract

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The significance of needle placement site in acupuncture. Author(s): Vincent CA, Richardson PH, Black JJ, Pither CE. Source: J Psychosom Res. 1989; 33(4): 489-96. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2795521&dopt=Abstract

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The systems, holograms and theory of micro-acupuncture. Author(s): Dale RA. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(3-4): 207-42. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10729973&dopt=Abstract

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The theory of five elements in acupuncture. Author(s): Jagirdar PC. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1989; 17(3-4): 135-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2699156&dopt=Abstract

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The therapeutic effects of lifting-twirling maneuver in acupuncture treatment of facial paralytic sequelae. Author(s): Li L, Chen J, Shi T. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 September; 17(3): 203-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437196&dopt=Abstract

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The Third WHO Regional Workshop on the Standardization of Acupuncture Nomenclature. Author(s): Wang DS. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 221-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216669&dopt=Abstract

Studies 219

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The treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy with acupuncture: a clinical case study. Author(s): Elgert G, Olmstead L. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 15-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513094&dopt=Abstract

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The treatment of enuresis with scalp acupuncture. Author(s): Chen Z, Chen L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 March; 11(1): 29-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861507&dopt=Abstract

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The treatment of nocturnal enuresis by acupuncture. Author(s): Roje-Starcevic M. Source: Neurologija. 1990; 39(3): 179-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2290466&dopt=Abstract

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The treatment of tension headache by acupuncture: a controlled single case design with time series analysis. Author(s): Vincent CA. Source: J Psychosom Res. 1990; 34(5): 553-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2231488&dopt=Abstract

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The use of acupuncture in dentistry. Author(s): Rosted P. Source: Br Dent J. 1996 May 11; 180(9): 325. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8664084&dopt=Abstract

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The use of acupuncture in dentistry. Author(s): Rosted P. Source: Aust Dent J. 1996 February; 41(1): 61. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8639120&dopt=Abstract

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The use of acupuncture in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Author(s): Kho HG, Sweep CG, Chen X, Rabsztyn PR, Meuleman EJ. Source: Int J Impot Res. 1999 February; 11(1): 41-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10098953&dopt=Abstract

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The use of acupuncture-like electrical stimulation for wound healing of lesions unresponsive to conventional treatment. Author(s): Sumano H, Mateos G. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 5-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513093&dopt=Abstract

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The use of auricular acupuncture to reduce preoperative anxiety. Author(s): Wang SM, Peloquin C, Kain ZN. Source: Anesth Analg. 2001 November; 93(5): 1178-80, Table of Contents. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11682391&dopt=Abstract

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The use of the “Bi-Digital O-Ring Test” to determine whether or not to give acupuncture in pain conditions. Author(s): Chan JC. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1988; 13(1): 41-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2898198&dopt=Abstract

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The use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on acupuncture points in labour. Author(s): Kemp T. Source: Midwives. 1996 December; 109(1307): 318-20. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9004652&dopt=Abstract

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The value of acupuncture detoxification programs in a substance abuse treatment system. Author(s): Shwartz M, Saitz R, Mulvey K, Brannigan P. Source: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1999 December; 17(4): 305-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10587932&dopt=Abstract

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The ways and methods for improving the therapeutic effect of acupuncture in treatment of apoplectic hemiplegia. Author(s): Lu S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 June; 17(2): 83-91. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437172&dopt=Abstract

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The York acupuncture safety study: prospective survey of 34 000 treatments by traditional acupuncturists. Author(s): MacPherson H, Thomas K, Walters S, Fitter M. Source: Bmj. 2001 September 1; 323(7311): 486-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11532841&dopt=Abstract

Studies 221

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Therapeutic effect of microwave acupuncture on 53 cases of proliferative mastosis. Author(s): Yuan S, Mao XS, An L, Wu PR. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 March; 8(1): 23-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3393015&dopt=Abstract

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Therapeutic effect of point-through-point acupuncture in 70 cases of apoplectic hemiplegia. Author(s): Zhang BN. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 September; 9(3): 167-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2615445&dopt=Abstract

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Therapy and mechanisms of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and pain management, acupuncture, and rehabilitation. Author(s): Abramson SB, Kieran O, Lee M. Source: Curr Opin Rheumatol. 1990 June; 2(3): 473-80. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2203430&dopt=Abstract

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Thermovisual evaluation of acupuncture points. Author(s): Ovechkin A, Lee SM, Kim KS. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2001; 26(1-2): 11-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11394490&dopt=Abstract

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Thumbs down on acupuncture. Author(s): Taub A. Source: Science. 1998 January 9; 279(5348): 159. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9446216&dopt=Abstract

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Tolosa Hunt Syndrome--intractable pain treatment with acupuncture? Author(s): Nepp J, Grdser S, Flarrer S, Spacek A, Mudrich C, Stockenhuber D, Wedrich A. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 2000; 25(3-4): 155-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11261766&dopt=Abstract

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Toward improving the reliability of clinical acupuncture trials: arguments against the validity of “sham acupuncture” as controls. Author(s): Ryan D. Source: Am J Acupunct. 1999; 27(1-2): 105-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10513103&dopt=Abstract

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Towards the development of a mathematical model for acupuncture meridians. Author(s): Friedman MJ, Birch S, Tiller WA. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(3-4): 217-26. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2576341&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional acupuncture and electrical stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve. A trial in chronic interstitial cystitis. Author(s): Geirsson G, Wang YH, Lindstrom S, Fall M. Source: Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1993; 27(1): 67-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8493470&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional acupuncture increases the content of beta-endorphin in immune cells and influences mitogen induced proliferation. Author(s): Bianchi M, Jotti E, Sacerdote P, Panerai AE. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1991; 19(2): 101-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1840089&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional and evidence-based acupuncture: history, mechanisms, and present status. Author(s): Ulett GA, Han J, Han S. Source: South Med J. 1998 December; 91(12): 1115-20. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9853722&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional Chinese acupuncture as an antiemetic. Author(s): Weightman WM, Zacharias M, Herbison P. Source: Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 November 28; 295(6610): 1379-80. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3121022&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional Chinese acupuncture in tension-type headache: a controlled study. Author(s): Tavola T, Gala C, Conte G, Invernizzi G. Source: Pain. 1992 March; 48(3): 325-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1594255&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional Chinese medicine (tongue acupuncture) in children with drooling problems. Author(s): Wong M. Source: Pediatr Neurol. 2002 July; 27(1): 78; Author Reply 78. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12160984&dopt=Abstract

Studies 223

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Traditional Chinese medicine (tongue acupuncture) in children with drooling problems. Author(s): Wong V, Sun JG, Wong W. Source: Pediatr Neurol. 2001 July; 25(1): 47-54. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11483396&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, and other alternative medicines for prostate cancer: an introduction and the need for more research. Author(s): Moyad MA, Hathaway S, Ni HS. Source: Semin Urol Oncol. 1999 May; 17(2): 103-10. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10332924&dopt=Abstract

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Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhoea. Author(s): Proctor ML, Smith CA, Farquhar CM, Stones RW. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002; (1): Cd002123. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11869624&dopt=Abstract

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Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic low back pain. Author(s): Gadsby JG, Flowerdew MW. Source: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000; (2): Cd000210. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10796326&dopt=Abstract

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Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at acupuncture points in the induction of uterine contractions. Author(s): Dunn PA, Rogers D, Halford K. Source: Obstet Gynecol. 1989 February; 73(2): 286-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2783481&dopt=Abstract

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Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of an auricular acupuncture point decreases anesthetic requirement. Author(s): Greif R, Laciny S, Mokhtarani M, Doufas AG, Bakhshandeh M, Dorfer L, Sessler DI. Source: Anesthesiology. 2002 February; 96(2): 306-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11818761&dopt=Abstract

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Transient decrease in skin resistance response and level at the deh-chi stage caused by manual acupuncture. Author(s): Liao TJ, Urata S, Nishikawa H. Source: Tohoku J Exp Med. 1998 September; 186(1): 19-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9915103&dopt=Abstract

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Transient increase in human muscle sympathetic nerve activity during manual acupuncture. Author(s): Sugiyama Y, Xue YX, Mano T. Source: Jpn J Physiol. 1995; 45(2): 337-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7563968&dopt=Abstract

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Transverse myelopathy after acupuncture therapy: a case report. Author(s): Ilhan A, Alioglu Z, Adanir M, Ozmenoglu M. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1995 August-December; 20(3-4): 191-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8686572&dopt=Abstract

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Traumatic complications of acupuncture. Therapists need to know human anatomy. Author(s): Peuker ET, White A, Ernst E, Pera F, Filler TJ. Source: Arch Fam Med. 1999 November-December; 8(6): 553-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10575398&dopt=Abstract

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Treating impotence with traditional Chinese medicine coordinated by acupuncture & moxibustion. Author(s): Li ZM, Ye CG. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 121-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3412008&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of 1000 cases of lumbar soft tissue injury with acupuncture plus exercise. Author(s): Song Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 March; 13(1): 19-21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8501953&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of 11 cases of chronic enuresis by acupuncture and massage. Author(s): Huo JS. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 195-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216664&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of 296 cases of hallucination with scalp-acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang MJ. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 September; 8(3): 193-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3216663&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of 42 cases of obesity with acupuncture. Author(s): Lei ZP. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 June; 8(2): 125-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3261821&dopt=Abstract

Studies 225

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Treatment of 50 cases of senile dementia by acupuncture combined with inhalation of herbal drugs and oxygen. Author(s): Geng J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 December; 19(4): 287-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921134&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of 86 cases of facial spasm by acupuncture and pressure on otopoints. Author(s): Li Y, Peng C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 March; 20(1): 33-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921167&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of 86 cases of local neurodermatitis by electro-acupuncture (with needles inserted around diseased areas). Author(s): Liu JX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 67. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3497316&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of acne with ear acupuncture--a clinical observation of 80 cases. Author(s): Xu YH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 238-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2534318&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of acute abdomen by electro-acupuncture--a report of 245 cases. Author(s): Gu Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 110-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495331&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of acute cerebro-vascular diseases and sequelae with acupuncture. Author(s): Zhao C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 March; 10(1): 70-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2362467&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of acute lumbar sprain with acupuncture at Fuyang (UB 59). Author(s): Hu R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 December; 13(4): 264-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8139275&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of adolescent acne with acupuncture. Author(s): Liu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 187-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246589&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of alopecia areata with acupuncture. Author(s): Ge S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 September; 10(3): 199-200. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277520&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of apoplectic hemiplegia with scalp acupuncture in relation to CT findings. Author(s): Wang Y, Xu G, Li G, Li D, Fang Y, Li Y, Wu F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 182-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246587&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of cancerous abdominal pain by acupuncture on zusanli (ST 36)--a report of 92 cases. Author(s): Xu S, Liu Z, Xu M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 September; 15(3): 189-91. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8569257&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency with acupuncture on ximen point. Author(s): Yin K, Jia C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 June; 11(2): 99-100. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861526&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of chronic gastritis with acupuncture. Author(s): Chen Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 September; 14(3): 233-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7799660&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of chronic prostatitis with laser acupuncture. Author(s): Chen C, Gao Z, Liu Y, Shen L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 March; 15(1): 38-41. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7783460&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of decortical state of child encephalitis with scalp acupuncture and the effects on EEG and BEAM. Author(s): Yu P, Sun L, Lin S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 December; 20(4): 289-92. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11263286&dopt=Abstract

Studies 227

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Treatment of epiphora due to insufficiency of lacrimal passage by acupuncture at Jingming. Author(s): Ni Y, Yang J, Wang J, Xu X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1999 June; 19(2): 108-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10681866&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of facial skin diseases with acupuncture--a report of 129 cases. Author(s): Xu Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 March; 10(1): 22-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2141888&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of fever due to exopathic wind-cold by rapid acupuncture. Author(s): Tan D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 December; 12(4): 267-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1291818&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of frontal headache with acupuncture on zhongwan--a report of 110 cases. Author(s): Lin B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 March; 11(1): 7-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861513&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of headaches by acupuncture and Chinese herbal therapy--conclusive data concerning 1000 patients. Author(s): Di Concetto G, Sotte L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 September; 11(3): 174-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1749260&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of hiccough with acupuncture on middle sifeng. Author(s): Qi Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 202. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246596&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of hiccough with auriculo-acupuncture and auriculo-pressure--a report of 85 cases. Author(s): Li X, Yi J, Qi B. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 December; 10(4): 257-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277528&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of histamine headache with acupuncture on dazhui (du 14). Author(s): Li Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 256-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1795540&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of impotence by Chinese herbs and acupuncture. Author(s): Zhu Y, Ni L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 September; 17(3): 226-37. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437202&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of infantile morbid night crying by acupuncture at Zhongchong point in 100 cases. Author(s): Zhao J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 11. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11977508&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of Meniere's disease by acupuncture: report of 75 cases. Author(s): Xu BR, Ge SH. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1987 March; 7(1): 69-70. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3613642&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis by acupuncture: A preliminary study. Author(s): Honjo H, Kawauchi A, Ukimura O, Soh J, Mizutani Y, Miki T. Source: Int J Urol. 2002 December; 9(12): 672-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12492950&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of obstinate diseases by acupuncture and cupping. Author(s): Yang R. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 June; 21(2): 118-21. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11498900&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of omocervical syndrome in 115 cases primarily with acupuncture at point zhongping. Author(s): Wang W, Di F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 June; 15(2): 110-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7650956&dopt=Abstract

Studies 229

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Treatment of optic atrophy with acupuncture. Author(s): Wei Q, Gao J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 142-6. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495340&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of periarthritis humeroscapularis with acupuncture and acupoint blocking. Author(s): Wang J, Wang W, Wang S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 December; 13(4): 262-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8139274&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of periarthritis of the shoulder with acupuncture at the zhongping (foot) extrapoint in 345 cases. Author(s): Wang W, Yin X, He Y, Wei J, Wang J, Di F. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 September; 10(3): 209-12. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277523&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of peri-omarthritis with acupuncture at yanglingquan (GB 34). Author(s): Zhang M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 March; 11(1): 9-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861514&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of periomarthritis with scalp acupuncture therapy--a report of 210 cases. Author(s): Jia H, Li Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1993 September; 13(3): 199-201. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8246595&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of peripheral facial paralysis by scalp acupuncture--a report of 100 cases. Author(s): Cui Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 June; 12(2): 106-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1495329&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of peripheral facial paralysis with pick-prick and connecting-acupuncture. Author(s): Liu H, Liu Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 March; 11(1): 31-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861509&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of persistent hiccupping with electro-acupuncture at “hiccup-relieving” point. Author(s): Yan LS. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1988 March; 8(1): 29-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3260646&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of phlegm- and heat-induced insomnia by acupuncture in 120 cases. Author(s): Cui R, Zhou D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 57-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747205&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of primary Raynaud's syndrome with traditional Chinese acupuncture. Author(s): Appiah R, Hiller S, Caspary L, Alexander K, Creutzig A. Source: J Intern Med. 1997 February; 241(2): 119-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9077368&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia with acupuncture at the sphenopalatine ganglion. Author(s): Guo J, Kang X, Zhang S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 March; 15(1): 31-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7783458&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia with acupuncture in 1500 cases. Author(s): Ge S, Xu B, Zhang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 March; 11(1): 3-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861508&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of retinal vein obstruction with acupuncture and Chinese medicinal herbs. Author(s): Zhu X, Bi A, Han X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 211-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400431&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of sciatica by acupuncture at jiaji points--a report of 168 cases. Author(s): Pei J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 December; 14(4): 266-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7877335&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of status epilepticus with acupuncture. Author(s): Yang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 June; 10(2): 101-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2391987&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of tennis elbow by acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Guo Z, Cheng M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 December; 18(4): 304-7. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10453602&dopt=Abstract

Studies 231

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Treatment of tonic headache with acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang S. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 September; 12(3): 175-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1453752&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of toothache with acupuncture. Author(s): Zhao CX. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 December; 9(4): 302-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2630825&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with acupuncture at renying point--A report of 7 cases. Author(s): Lu X, Liu H, Shi X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1997 June; 17(2): 122-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10437181&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of ulcerative colitis with acupuncture. Author(s): Chen Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1995 September; 15(3): 231-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8569266&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of urinary retention with acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Huang X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 September; 11(3): 187-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1749264&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment with acupuncture at zusanli (St 36) for epigastric pain in the elderly. Author(s): Zhang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1992 September; 12(3): 178-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1453753&dopt=Abstract

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Tribulations and trials: acupuncture study designs affect outcome. Author(s): Beinfield H. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2002 July-August; 8(4): 40-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12126171&dopt=Abstract

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Trigger point--acupuncture point correlations revisited. Author(s): Birch S. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2003 February; 9(1): 91-103. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676038&dopt=Abstract

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Try hypnotherapy and acupuncture. Author(s): Parameswaran PG. Source: Tex Med. 2001 April; 97(4): 9-10. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11344928&dopt=Abstract

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Twenty one cases of vertebral-artery-type cervical spondylosis treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Zhuang L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 December; 20(4): 280-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11263283&dopt=Abstract

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Twenty-eight cases of neuritis of lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh treated by acupuncture and point-injection. Author(s): Liao M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 March; 21(1): 29-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11360533&dopt=Abstract

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Twenty-five cases of intractable cutaneous pruritus treated by auricular acupuncture. Author(s): Lun X, Rong L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 December; 20(4): 287-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11263285&dopt=Abstract

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Twenty-three cases of postherpetic neuralgia treated by acupuncture. Author(s): Wu J, Guo Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2000 March; 20(1): 36-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10921168&dopt=Abstract

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Ultrasound-monitored effects of acupuncture on brain and eye. Author(s): Litscher G, Wang L, Yang NH, Schwarz G. Source: Neurol Res. 1999 June; 21(4): 373-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10406009&dopt=Abstract

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Unilateral sacroiliitis as an unusual complication of acupuncture. Author(s): Lau SM, Chou CT, Huang CM. Source: Clin Rheumatol. 1998; 17(4): 357-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9776126&dopt=Abstract

Studies 233

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Unilateral versus bilateral acupuncture on knee function in advanced osteoarthritis of the knee--a prospective randomised trial. Author(s): Tillu A, Roberts C, Tillu S. Source: Acupunct Med. 2001 June; 19(1): 15-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11471577&dopt=Abstract

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Unique changes found on the Qi Gong (Chi Gong) Master's and patient's body during Qi Gong treatment; their relationships to certain meridians & acupuncture points and the re-creation of therapeutic Qi Gong states by children & adults. Author(s): Omura Y, Lin TL, Debreceni L, Losco BM, Freed S, Muteki T, Lin CH. Source: Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989; 14(1): 61-89. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2568074&dopt=Abstract

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Unique immunomodulation by electro-acupuncture in humans possibly via stimulation of the autonomic nervous system. Author(s): Mori H, Nishijo K, Kawamura H, Abo T. Source: Neurosci Lett. 2002 March 1; 320(1-2): 21-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11849754&dopt=Abstract

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Urinary tract infections and acupuncture. Author(s): Katz AR. Source: Am J Public Health. 2003 May; 93(5): 702; Author Reply 702-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12721123&dopt=Abstract

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Urodynamic studies in acupuncture for women with frequency, urgency and dysuria. Author(s): Chang PL. Source: J Urol. 1988 September; 140(3): 563-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3411675&dopt=Abstract

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Use of acupuncture by American physicians. Author(s): Diehl DL, Kaplan G, Coulter I, Glik D, Hurwitz EL. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Summer; 3(2): 119-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9395701&dopt=Abstract

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Use of acupuncture for managing chronic pelvic pain in pregnancy. A case report. Author(s): Thomas CT, Napolitano PG. Source: J Reprod Med. 2000 November; 45(11): 944-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11127110&dopt=Abstract

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·

Use of acupuncture in dentistry. Author(s): Rosted P. Source: Aust Dent J. 1998 December; 43(6): 437. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9973720&dopt=Abstract

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Use of electrostimulation of acupuncture points in general dental practice. Author(s): Wong T. Source: Anesth Prog. 1989 July-October; 36(4-5): 243-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2490051&dopt=Abstract

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Use of Five Element acupuncture in the treatment of 'possession': an ancient concept applied to the modern world. Author(s): Abramson RJ. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 1999 September; 5(5): 108, 106-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10484837&dopt=Abstract

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Using acupuncture and acupressure to treat postoperative emesis. Author(s): Mann E. Source: Prof Nurse. 1999 July; 14(10): 691-4. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10481718&dopt=Abstract

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Using acupuncture in general practice. Author(s): Aylin DR. Source: Practitioner. 1988 April 22; 232(1447): 431-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3249719&dopt=Abstract

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Using acupuncture in midwifery care. Author(s): Yelland S. Source: Mod Midwife. 1995 January; 5(1): 8-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7697425&dopt=Abstract

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Using acupuncture to treat premenstrual syndrome. Author(s): Habek D, Habek JC, Barbir A. Source: Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2002 November; 267(1): 23-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12410369&dopt=Abstract

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Using complementary and alternative techniques--acupuncture. Author(s): Eliopoulos C. Source: Director. 2000 Spring; 8(2): 54. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11081024&dopt=Abstract

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Using complementary therapies: acupuncture. Author(s): Lynn J. Source: Prof Nurse. 1996 August; 11(11): 722-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8718314&dopt=Abstract

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Utilization, patient satisfaction, and cost implications of acupuncture, massage, and naturopathic medicine offered as covered health benefits: a comparison of two delivery models. Author(s): Stewart D, Weeks J, Bent S. Source: Altern Ther Health Med. 2001 July-August; 7(4): 66-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11452569&dopt=Abstract

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Validating a new non-penetrating sham acupuncture device: two randomised controlled trials. Author(s): Park J, White A, Stevinson C, Ernst E, James M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 168-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512790&dopt=Abstract

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Variables of stimulation and placebo in acupuncture reflexotherapy. Author(s): Ceccherelli F, Gagliardi G, Rossato M, Giron G. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 June; 6(3): 275-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10890338&dopt=Abstract

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Vertigo treated with scalp acupuncture. Author(s): Zhang S, Luo Y, Bo M. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 March; 11(1): 26-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1861506&dopt=Abstract

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Vibration-induced finger flexion reflex and inhibitory effect of acupuncture on this reflex in cervical spinal cord injury patients. Author(s): Takakura N, Iijima S, Kanamaru A, Shibuya M, Homma I, Ohashi M. Source: Neurosci Res. 1996 December; 26(4): 391-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9004278&dopt=Abstract

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Weight reduction by auriculo-acupuncture--a report of 110 cases. Author(s): Zhang Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 March; 10(1): 17-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2362456&dopt=Abstract

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·

What are the common acupuncture methods for treating herpes zoster? Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1991 December; 11(4): 302-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1795549&dopt=Abstract

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What is acupuncture? Author(s): Tai D. Source: Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2002 August; 8(3): 155-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12353617&dopt=Abstract

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What is the material base of acupuncture? The nerves! Author(s): Fu H. Source: Med Hypotheses. 2000 March; 54(3): 358-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10783466&dopt=Abstract

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WHO and the development of acupuncture nomenclature: overcoming a Tower of Babel. Author(s): Akerele O. Source: Am J Chin Med. 1991; 19(1): 89-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1897496&dopt=Abstract

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Workshop report “Acupuncture and science: fundamental contradiction or creative tension” March 5(th)2001. Author(s): MacPherson H. Source: Complement Ther Med. 2001 June; 9(2): 122. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11444897&dopt=Abstract

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Zhong Yi acupuncture and low-back pain: traditional Chinese medical acupuncture differential diagnoses and treatments for chronic lumbar pain. Author(s): Birch S, Sherman K. Source: J Altern Complement Med. 1999 October; 5(5): 415-25; Discussion 427-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10537241&dopt=Abstract

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CHAPTER 2. NUTRITION AND ACUPUNCTURE Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to find studies dedicated specifically to nutrition and acupuncture.

Finding Nutrition Studies on Acupuncture The National Institutes of Health’s Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) offers a searchable bibliographic database called the IBIDS (International Bibliographic Information on Dietary Supplements; National Institutes of Health, Building 31, Room 1B29, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2086, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2086, Tel: 301-435-2920, Fax: 301-480-1845, E-mail: [email protected]). The IBIDS contains over 460,000 scientific citations and summaries about dietary supplements and nutrition as well as references to published international, scientific literature on dietary supplements such as vitamins, minerals, and botanicals.7 As a service of the ODS, access to the IBIDS database is available free of charge at the following Web address: http://ods.od.nih.gov/databases/ibids.html. After entering the search area, you have three choices: (1) IBIDS Consumer Database, (2) Full IBIDS Database, or (3) Peer Reviewed Citations Only. Now that you have selected a database, click on the “Advanced” tab. An advanced search allows you to retrieve up to 100 fully explained references in a comprehensive format. Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” To narrow the search, you can also select the “Title” field.

7 Adapted from http://ods.od.nih.gov. IBIDS is produced by the Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) at the National Institutes of Health to assist the public, healthcare providers, educators, and researchers in locating credible, scientific information on dietary supplements. IBIDS was developed and will be maintained through an interagency partnership with the Food and Nutrition Information Center of the National Agricultural Library, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

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The following information is typical of that found when using the “Full IBIDS Database” to search for “acupuncture” (or a synonym): ·

A comparison between the Chinese and European patients in acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700. Source: Hu, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 157-60 0254-6272

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A large randomized placebo controlled study of auricular acupuncture for alcohol dependence. Author(s): Center for Addiction and Alternative Medicine Research, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA. Source: Bullock, Milton L Kiresuk, Thomas J Sherman, Robert E Lenz, Scott K Culliton, Patricia D Boucher, Tacey A Nolan, Christopher J J-Subst-Abuse-Treat. 2002 March; 22(2): 71-7 0740-5472

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A variant maneuver of acupuncture in treating cervical spondylopathy. Author(s): 1st Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin TCM College, Tianjin 300193. Source: Du, Y Li, D J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 112-4 0254-6272

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Acupuncture and moxibustion for treating ectopic endometrium. Author(s): Acupuncture and Massage Department of Zhejiang TCM College, 310009. Source: Wang, H Hou, Q J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 203-4 0254-6272

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Acupuncture and Oriental body work: traditional and biomedical concepts in holistic care: history and basic concepts. Author(s): Yale University, School of Nursing, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Source: Beal, M W Holist-Nurs-Pract. 2000 April; 14(3): 69-78 0887-9311

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Acupuncture and other alternative therapies in rheumatoid arthritis. Author(s): Barnsley District General Hospital NHS Trust, Barnsley. Source: Hardware, Bernadette Lacey, Anne Prof-Nurse. 2002 March; 17(7): 437-9 02668130

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Acupuncture as complementary therapy for back pain. Author(s): University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. Source: Smith Fassler, M E Lopez Bushnell, K Holist-Nurs-Pract. 2001 April; 15(3): 35-44 0887-9311

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Acupuncture treatment for 34 cases of epiphora with dysfunction of lacrimal duct. Author(s): First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Pharmacy, Nanjing 210029. Source: Ni, Y Shi, W Xu, X Wang, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 31-2 0254-6272

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Acupuncture treatment for 34 cases of uremic cutaneous pruritus. Author(s): First-aid Institute, TCM Department, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192. Source: Gao, H Zhang, W Wang, Y J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 29-30 02546272

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Acupuncture treatment for 57 cases of hiccup. Author(s): Yinxian People's Hospital, Yinxian 315040, Zhejiang Province. Source: Chen, X J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 195-6 0254-6272

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Acupuncture treatment of hiccup. Author(s): Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700. Source: Hu, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 148-51 0254-6272

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Acupuncture treatment of restless leg syndrome. Author(s): Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700. Source: Hu, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2001 December; 21(4): 312-6 0254-6272

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Acupuncture treatment of superficial pain by subcutaneous needling. Author(s): TCM Hospital of Xingan County, Jiangxi Province 331300. Source: Wu, S Zhu, J Gong, W J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 117-8 0254-6272

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Alternative approaches to the medical management of angina pectoris: acupuncture, electrical nerve stimulation, and spinal cord stimulation. Author(s): Department of Anesthesiology, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Source: Bueno, E A Mamtani, R Frishman, W H Heart-Dis. 2001 Jul-August; 3(4): 236-41 1521-737X

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Cervical spondylopathy involving the vertebral arteries treated by body-acupuncture combined with scalp-acupuncture in 72 cases. Author(s): People's Hospital of Yucheng City, Yucheng 251200, Shandong Province. Source: Li, B Chai, F Gao, H J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 197-9 0254-6272

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Clinical observation on acupuncture treatment of cerebrovascular dementia--a report of 32 cases. Author(s): Hubei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, Hubei Province. Source: Chen, B J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2001 September; 21(3): 174-6 0254-6272

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Clinical observation on scalp acupuncture treatment in 50 cases of headache. Author(s): Guilin Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guilin 541002, Guangxi Province. Source: Tang, W J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 190-2 0254-6272

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Comprehensive acupuncture treatment of lumbago due to hemirachischisis--a report of 48 cases. Author(s): Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, Anhui Province. Source: Zhang, Q Yang, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2001 September; 21(3): 201-2 0254-6272

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Differential acupuncture treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands. Author(s): Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province 450003. Source: Wang, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 184-6 0254-6272

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Effect of acupuncture in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Author(s): The Chinese Medicine Unit, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia. [email protected] Source: Xue, C C English, R Zhang, J J Da Costa, C Li, C G Am-J-Chin-Med. 2002; 30(1): 1-11 0192-415X

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Effect of acupuncture on free radicals in rats with early experimental spinal cord injury. Author(s): Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Harbin 150001. Source: Wu, Y Sun, Z Li, Z Zhao, Y Sun, S J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 51-4 0254-6272

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Effect of acupuncture on the auditory evoked brain stem potential in Parkinson's disease. Author(s): Second Clinical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029. Source: Wang, L He, C Liu, Y Zhu, L J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 15-7 02546272

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Effects of electroacupuncture at weiwanxiashu and zusanli points on blood glucose and plasma pancreatic glucagon contents in diabetic rabbits. Author(s): College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610075. Source: Zeng, Z Li, Y J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 134-6 0254-6272

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Evaluation of acupuncture effect to chronic myofascial pain syndrome in the cervical and upper back regions by the concept of Meridians. Author(s): Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Source: Kung, Y Y Chen, F P Chaung, H L Chou, C T Tsai, Y Y Hwang, S J AcupunctElectrother-Res. 2001; 26(3): 195-202 0360-1293

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Experience in acupuncture treatment of dizziness and vertigo--a report of 3 cases. Author(s): Xin'anmeng People's Hospital, Inner Mongonia 137400. Source: Xu, L J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 18-20 0254-6272

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Experience in acupuncture treatment of occipital neuralgia. Author(s): Central Hospital of Jiamusi City, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang Province. Source: Wang, H Chen, H Jiang, H J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 183 02546272

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Four acupuncture methods for treating mental disorders. Author(s): Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029. Source: Gu, S Xu, L Lin, W Xie, H J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2001 September; 21(3): 207-10 0254-6272

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How to differentiate and treat Bi-syndrome by acupuncture and moxibustion? Author(s): Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700. Source: Hu, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 73-6 0254-6272

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How to treat cervical spondylopathy with acupuncture? Author(s): Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700. Source: Hu, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 152-3 0254-6272

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Medical acupuncture in the twenty-first century. Author(s): Integrated Pain Management Center, Alternative Medicine Center, Rockville, USA. Source: Soliman, Nader Md-Med. 2002 Winter; 3(1): 19-22 1538-2656

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Observation on the therapeutic effects of acupuncture for 60 cases of simple obesity. Author(s): Tianjin Municipal Hospital of TCM, Tianjin 300140. Source: Wang, H J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 187-9 0254-6272

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Rare but serious complications of acupuncture: traumatic lesions. Author(s): The Gronemeyer-Institute of Microtherapy, Department of Traditional Medicine, University of Witten-Herdecke, Bochum, Germany. [email protected] Source: Peuker, E Gronemeyer, D Acupunct-Med. 2001 December; 19(2): 103-8 0964-5284

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Scalp and body acupuncture for treatment of senile insomnia--a report of 83 cases. Author(s): Fuyang Municipal Rehabilitation Hospital, Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province. Source: Lu, Z J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 193-4 0254-6272

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Scientific bases of acupuncture analgesia. Author(s): National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture Research WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Source: Cao, X Acupunct-Electrother-Res. 2002; 27(1): 1-14 0360-1293

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Study on action of acupuncture on ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus in obese rats. Author(s): Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Nanjing 210029. Source: Liu, Z Sun, F Su, J Zhao, M Zhu, M Wang, Y Wei, Q Li, J Gu, Y J-Tradit-ChinMed. 2001 September; 21(3): 220-4 0254-6272

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Study on cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 in patients of chronic allergic rhinitis treated with acupuncture. Author(s): Paracelso Institute, Body Corporate of Italian Ministry of Health, Chair of Social Medicine, School of Medicine La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Source: Petti, F B Liguori, A Ippoliti, F J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 June; 22(2): 104-11 02546272

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The effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Author(s): Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029. Source: Ouyang, G Wang, L Wang, D Zhuo, T Shen, Z J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 9-11 0254-6272

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The present state and perspective in treatment of primary osteoporosis by acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Anatomical Department, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032. Source: Zhao, Y J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 67-72 0254-6272

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Treatment of infantile morbid night crying by acupuncture at Zhongchong point in 100 cases. Author(s): Health Association, Shuitou Town, Pingyang County 325405, Zhejiang Province. Source: Zhao, J J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 March; 22(1): 11 0254-6272

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Treatment of retinal vein obstruction with acupuncture and Chinese medicinal herbs. Author(s): Zibo Municipal TCM Hospital, Zibo 255300, Shandong Province. Source: Zhu, X Bi, A Han, X J-Tradit-Chin-Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 211-3 0254-6272

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What is acupuncture? Source: Tai, D Complement-Ther-Nurs-Midwifery. 2002 August; 8(3): 155-9 1353-6117

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Federal Resources on Nutrition In addition to the IBIDS, the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) provide many sources of information on general nutrition and health. Recommended resources include: ·

healthfinder®, HHS’s gateway to health information, including diet and nutrition: http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/SearchContext.asp?topic=238&page=0

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The United States Department of Agriculture’s Web site dedicated to nutrition information: www.nutrition.gov

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The Food and Drug Administration’s Web site for federal food safety information: www.foodsafety.gov

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The National Action Plan on Overweight and Obesity sponsored by the United States Surgeon General: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/

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The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition has an Internet site sponsored by the Food and Drug Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services: http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/

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Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.usda.gov/cnpp/

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Food and Nutrition Information Center, National Agricultural Library sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/

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Food and Nutrition Service sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.fns.usda.gov/fns/

Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering food and nutrition. The following is a representative sample: ·

AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=174&layer=&from=subcats

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Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_nutrition.html

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Nutrition/

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Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

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Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Nutrition/

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Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Nutrition/

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WebMDÒHealth: http://my.webmd.com/nutrition

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WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,,00.html

The following is a specific Web list relating to acupuncture; please note that any particular subject below may indicate either a therapeutic use, or a contraindication (potential danger), and does not reflect an official recommendation (some Web sites are subscription based):

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·

Food and Diet Hypertension Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Pain Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com

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CHAPTER 3. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND ACUPUNCTURE Overview In this chapter, we will begin by introducing you to official information sources on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) relating to acupuncture. At the conclusion of this chapter, we will provide additional sources.

The Combined Health Information Database The Combined Health Information Database (CHID) is a bibliographic database produced by health-related agencies of the U.S. federal government (mostly from the National Institutes of Health) that can offer concise information for a targeted search. The CHID database is updated four times a year at the end of January, April, July, and October. Check the titles, summaries, and availability of CAM-related information by using the “Simple Search” option at the following Web site: http://chid.nih.gov/simple/simple.html. In the drop box at the top, select “Complementary and Alternative Medicine.” Then type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) in the second search box. We recommend that you select 100 “documents per page” and to check the “whole records” options. The following was extracted using this technique: ·

Consumer's Guide to Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Source: Sacramento, CA: Acupuncture Board, Department of Consumer Affairs. 2002. 12 p. Contact: Available from Acupuncture Board. Department of Consumer Affairs, 1424 Howe Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95825-3233. (916) 263-2680; FAX: (916) 263-2654; E-mail: [email protected]. PRICE: Free. Summary: This guide from the California Department of Consumer Affairs Acupuncture Board provides information about acupuncture and Oriental medicine for consumers. It gives a historical overview of acupuncture and Oriental medicine use and information about its endorsement by a National Institutes of Health panel. The guide describes what consumer can expect from acupuncture treatment, and discusses the possible benefits of acupuncture, information about whether insurance will cover the

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treatments, and background on the California Acupuncture Board. It lists conditions commonly treated with acupuncture and Oriental medicine. ·

Guidelines on Basic Training and Safety in Acupuncture Source: Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2001. 31 p. Contact: World Health Organization Headquarters. Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Telephone: (+00 41 22) 791 21 11; Fax: (+00 41 22) 791 3111; E-mail: [email protected]. PRICE: Free. Summary: This World Health Organization (WHO) document provides guidelines on basic training and safety in acupuncture. The basic training guidelines cover basic requirements for training non-physician acupuncturists and physicians wishing to use acupuncture in their clinical work, and include a core syllabus. They are intended to assist national health authorities in setting standards and establishing official examinations, and also medical schools and institutions wishing to arrange training programs. The safety guidelines are meant for hospitals, clinics, and practitioners; and provide standards for safety in the clinical practice of acupuncture. Their purpose is to minimize the risk of infection and accidents, to alert acupuncturists to contraindications, and to advise on the management of complications occurring during treatment. 1 appendix. 1 annex.

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (http://nccam.nih.gov/) has created a link to the National Library of Medicine’s databases to facilitate research for articles that specifically relate to acupuncture and complementary medicine. To search the database, go to the following Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nccam/camonpubmed.html. Select “CAM on PubMed.” Enter “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box. Click “Go.” The following references provide information on particular aspects of complementary and alternative medicine that are related to acupuncture: ·

A phase I study on the feasibility and acceptability of an acupuncture/hypnosis intervention for chronic pediatric pain. Author(s): Zeltzer LK, Tsao JC, Stelling C, Powers M, Levy S, Waterhouse M. Source: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2002 October; 24(4): 437-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12505213&dopt=Abstract

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A Phase I-II study in the use of acupuncture-like transcutaneous nerve stimulation in the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia in head-and-neck cancer patients treated with radical radiotherapy. Author(s): Wong RK, Jones GW, Sagar SM, Babjak AF, Whelan T. Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 2003 October 1; 57(2): 472-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12957259&dopt=Abstract

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A pilot study of functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain during manual and electroacupuncture stimulation of acupuncture point (LI-4 Hegu) in normal

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subjects reveals differential brain activation between methods. Author(s): Kong J, Ma L, Gollub RL, Wei J, Yang X, Li D, Weng X, Jia F, Wang C, Li F, Li R, Zhuang D. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2002 August; 8(4): 411-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230901&dopt=Abstract ·

A prospective, randomized pilot trial of acupuncture of the kidney-bladder distinct meridian for lower urinary tract symptoms. Author(s): Johnstone PA, Bloom TL, Niemtzow RC, Crain D, Riffenburgh RH, Amling CL. Source: The Journal of Urology. 2003 March; 169(3): 1037-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12576840&dopt=Abstract

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A review of the evidence for the effectiveness, safety, and cost of acupuncture, massage therapy, and spinal manipulation for back pain. Author(s): Cherkin DC, Sherman KJ, Deyo RA, Shekelle PG. Source: Annals of Internal Medicine. 2003 June 3; 138(11): 898-906. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12779300&dopt=Abstract

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Activation of mast cells by silver particles in a patient with localized argyria due to implantation of acupuncture needles. Author(s): Kakurai M, Demitsu T, Umemoto N, Ohtsuki M, Nakagawa H. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 2003 April; 148(4): 822. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12752148&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture ameliorates symptoms in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Author(s): Chen R, Nickel JC. Source: Urology. 2003 June; 61(6): 1156-9; Discussion 1159. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12809886&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture anaesthesia in inguinal hernia repair. Author(s): Chu DW, Lee DT, Chan TT, Chow TL, Que MB, Kwok SP. Source: Anz Journal of Surgery. 2003 March; 73(3): 125-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12608974&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture analgesia in a new rat model of ankle sprain pain. Author(s): Koo ST, Park YI, Lim KS, Chung K, Chung JM. Source: Pain. 2002 October; 99(3): 423-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12406517&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and arthroscopic acromioplasty. Author(s): Gilbertson B, Wenner K, Russell LC. Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. 2003 July; 21(4): 752-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12798078&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and blood-letting for 30 cases of rheumatic gonitis. Author(s): Dong J, Xu Y, Zhang Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 121-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875073&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and bronchial asthma: a long-term randomized study of the effects of real versus sham acupuncture compared to controls in patients with bronchial asthma. Author(s): Medici TC, Grebski E, Wu J, Hinz G, Wuthrich B. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2002 December; 8(6): 737-50; Discussion 751-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12614526&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and endocarditis. Author(s): Rieb MK. Source: The Journal of the American Board of Family Practice / American Board of Family Practice. 2002 September-October; 15(5): 433; Author Reply 433. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12350071&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and endocarditis. Author(s): Evans P. Source: The Journal of the American Board of Family Practice / American Board of Family Practice. 2002 September-October; 15(5): 432-3; Author Reply 433. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12350068&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and moxibustion for treating ectopic endometrium. Author(s): Wang H, Hou Q. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 203-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400429&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and responses of immunologic and endocrine markers during competition. Author(s): Akimoto T, Nakahori C, Aizawa K, Kimura F, Fukubayashi T, Kono I. Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2003 August; 35(8): 1296-302. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12900681&dopt=Abstract


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Acupuncture and smoking cessation: pinning down the claims. Author(s): Crane R. Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2003 February; 93(2): 187. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12554565&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and spinal cord medicine. Author(s): Paola FA, Arnold M. Source: J Spinal Cord Med. 2003 Spring; 26(1): 12-20. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12830963&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and substance abuse: a synopsis, with indications for further research. Author(s): Otto KC. Source: The American Journal on Addictions / American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions. 2003 Winter; 12(1): 43-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12623739&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and swallowing reflex in poststroke patients. Author(s): Seki T, Kurusu M, Tanji H, Arai H, Sasaki H. Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2003 May; 51(5): 726-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12752859&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture and the modulation of cortical excitability. Author(s): Lo YL, Cui SL. Source: Neuroreport. 2003 July 1; 14(9): 1229-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12824765&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture as a promising treatment for below-level central neuropathic pain: a retrospective study. Author(s): Rapson LM, Wells N, Pepper J, Majid N, Boon H. Source: J Spinal Cord Med. 2003 Spring; 26(1): 21-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12830964&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture decreases nitric oxide synthase expression in periaqueductal gray area of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Author(s): Jang MH, Shin MC, Koo GS, Lee CY, Kim EH, Kim CJ. Source: Neuroscience Letters. 2003 February 13; 337(3): 155-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12536047&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture during labor can reduce the use of meperidine: a controlled clinical study. Author(s): Nesheim BI, Kinge R, Berg B, Alfredsson B, Allgot E, Hove G, Johnsen W, Jorsett I, Skei S, Solberg S.

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Source: The Clinical Journal of Pain. 2003 May-June; 19(3): 187-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12792557&dopt=Abstract ·

Acupuncture fails to reduce but increases anaesthetic gas required to prevent movement in response to surgical incision. Author(s): Kvorning N, Christiansson C, Beskow A, Bratt O, Akeson J. Source: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 2003 August; 47(7): 818-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12859301&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for alcohol withdrawal: a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): Trumpler F, Oez S, Stahli P, Brenner HD, Juni P. Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). 2003 July-August; 38(4): 369-75. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12814907&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for chronic low back pain in older patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Author(s): Meng CF, Wang D, Ngeow J, Lao L, Peterson M, Paget S. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 2003 July 30 [epub Ahead of Print] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12890859&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for gastrointestinal disorders. Author(s): Ishida Y. Source: Gut. 2003 April; 52(4): 614. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12631688&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for gastrointestinal disorders: myth or magic. Author(s): Sung JJ. Source: Gut. 2002 November; 51(5): 617-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12377792&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for intractable hiccups. Author(s): Forrester M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 67. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924852&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for low back pain in pregnancy. Author(s): Cummings M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 42-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924847&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis: where's the point? Author(s): Cohn AI.


Source: Anesthesiology. 2002 October; 97(4): 1038-9; Author Reply 1039. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12357192&dopt=Abstract ·

Acupuncture for soft tissue shoulder disorders: a series of 201 cases. Author(s): Guerra J, Bassas E, Andres M, Verdugo F, Gonzalez M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 18-22; Discussion 22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924842&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for tennis elbow: an E-mail consensus study to define a standardised treatment in a GPs' surgery. Author(s): Webster-Harrison P, White A, Rae J. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 181-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512792&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for the treatment of obesity: a review of the evidence. Author(s): Lacey JM, Tershakovec AM, Foster GD. Source: International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 2003 April; 27(4): 419-27. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12664074&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture for treating postoperative enteroparalysis. Author(s): Zheng Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 42. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747197&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture has no immediate treatment effect on the neutrophil respiratory burst: a randomized single-blinded two-period crossover study. Author(s): Karst M, Scheinichen D, Rueckert T, Wagner T, Wiese B, Fink M. Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2002 December; 16(6): 813-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12480510&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in a patient with neurofibromatosis. Author(s): Zarnegar R, Jenner C, Filshie J. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 66. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924851&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in a rehabilitation setting: Wu visits Wuhan. Author(s): Wu K. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 52-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924849&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in clinical neurology. Author(s): Rabinstein AA, Shulman LM. Source: The Neurologist. 2003 May; 9(3): 137-48. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12808410&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in pain medicine: an integrated approach to the management of refractory pain. Author(s): Ahadian FM. Source: Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2002 December; 6(6): 444-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12413403&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the management of myofascial pain and headache. Author(s): Audette JF, Blinder RA. Source: Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2003 October; 7(5): 395-401. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12946294&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the management of pain in labor. Author(s): Skilnand E, Fossen D, Heiberg E. Source: Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2002 October; 81(10): 943-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12366485&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture in the prophylactic treatment of migraine without aura: a comparison with flunarizine. Author(s): Allais G, De Lorenzo C, Quirico PE, Airola G, Tolardo G, Mana O, Benedetto C. Source: Headache. 2002 October; 42(9): 855-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12390610&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture increases neuropeptide Y expression in hippocampus of maternallyseparated rats. Author(s): Lim S, Ryu YH, Kim ST, Hong MS, Park HJ. Source: Neuroscience Letters. 2003 May 29; 343(1): 49-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12749995&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture increases nitric oxide synthase expression in hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Author(s): Jang MH, Shin MC, Lim BV, Kim HB, Kim YP, Kim EH, Kim H, Shin MS, Kim SS, Kim CJ. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2003; 31(2): 305-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12856869&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture inhibits sympathetic activation during mental stress in advanced heart failure patients.


Author(s): Middlekauff HR, Hui K, Yu JL, Hamilton MA, Fonarow GC, Moriguchi J, Maclellan WR, Hage A. Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure. 2002 December; 8(6): 399-406. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12528093&dopt=Abstract ·

Acupuncture outcomes, expectations, patient-provider relationship, and the placebo effect: implications for health promotion. Author(s): So DW. Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1662-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356618&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal death in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in the rat Parkinson's disease model. Author(s): Park HJ, Lim S, Joo WS, Yin CS, Lee HS, Lee HJ, Seo JC, Leem K, Son YS, Kim YJ, Kim CJ, Kim YS, Chung JH. Source: Experimental Neurology. 2003 March; 180(1): 93-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12668152&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture stimulation inhibits somato-renal sympathetic A- and C-reflexes in anesthetized rats. Author(s): Li WM, Wu GC, Arita H, Hanaoka K. Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2002; 27(2): 119-27. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12269720&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture stimulation of the vision-related acupoint (Bl-67) increases c-Fos expression in the visual cortex of binocularly deprived rat pups. Author(s): Lee H, Park HJ, Kim SA, Lee HJ, Kim MJ, Kim CJ, Chung JH, Lee H. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2002; 30(2-3): 379-85. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230026&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture suppresses ischemia-induced increase in c-Fos expression and apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region in gerbils. Author(s): Jang MH, Shin MC, Lee TH, Lim BV, Shin MS, Min BI, Kim H, Cho S, Kim EH, Kim CJ. Source: Neuroscience Letters. 2003 August 14; 347(1): 5-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12865128&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture therapy for sleep-related laryngospasm. Author(s): Schiff E, Oliven A, Odeh M. Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 2003 August; 326(2): 107-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12920445&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture to reduce nausea during chemotherapy treatment of rheumatic diseases. Author(s): Josefson A, Kreuter M. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 2003 May 30 [epub Ahead of Print] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12777644&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for 157 cases of anxiety neurosis. Author(s): Zhang H, Zeng Z, Deng H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 55-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747204&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for 57 cases of hiccup. Author(s): Chen X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 195-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400426&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment for osteoarthritic pain and inflammation of the knee. Author(s): Kumar AM, Wen XL. Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 2002 November-December; 8(6): 128, 126. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12440848&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment in the prevention of uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infections in adult women. Author(s): Alraek T, Soedal LI, Fagerheim SU, Digranes A, Baerheim A. Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1609-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356607&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of facial paralysis caused by craniocerebral trauma in 50 cases. Author(s): Zhao J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 47-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747200&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of habitual constipation. Author(s): Zhu Z, Li H, Chen L, Wang G, Kan C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 133. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875080&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of insomnia--a report of 28 cases. Author(s): Shi D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 136-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875082&dopt=Abstract


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Acupuncture treatment of melancholia. Author(s): Hu J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 75-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747209&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture treatment of pain dysfunction syndrome after dental extraction. Author(s): Rosted P, Jorgensen V. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 191-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512794&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture used in the management of pain due to arthropathy in a patient with haemophilia. Author(s): Rosted P, Jorgensen V. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 193-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512795&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture versus placebo versus sumatriptan for early treatment of migraine attacks: a randomized controlled trial. Author(s): Melchart D, Thormaehlen J, Hager S, Liao J, Linde K, Weidenhammer W. Source: Journal of Internal Medicine. 2003 February; 253(2): 181-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12542558&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture, electrostimulation, and reflex therapy in dermatology. Author(s): Chen CJ, Yu HS. Source: Dermatologic Therapy. 2003 June; 16(2): 87-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12919109&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Author(s): Nasir LS. Source: Primary Care. 2002 June; 29(2): 393-405. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12391718&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture. Essential information for nurse practitioners. Author(s): Capili B, Weinberg AR. Source: Adv Nurse Pract. 2003 February; 11(2): 81-5. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12640825&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: a physician's primer, Part II. Author(s): Altshuler LH, Maher JH. Source: J Okla State Med Assoc. 2003 January; 96(1): 13-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12632848&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: archaic or biologic? Author(s): Ulett GA. Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2003 July; 93(7): 1037; Author Reply 1037-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12835171&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: evidence for its use in chronic low back pain. Author(s): Henderson H. Source: British Journal of Nursing (Mark Allen Publishing). 2002 November 28December 11; 11(21): 1395-403. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12514474&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: neuropeptide release produced by electrical stimulation of different frequencies. Author(s): Han JS. Source: Trends in Neurosciences. 2003 January; 26(1): 17-22. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12495858&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: the best of the rest. Author(s): Thayer T. Source: Saad Dig. 2002 July; 19(3): 5-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12613346&dopt=Abstract

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Acupuncture: the search for biologic evidence with functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography techniques. Author(s): Cho ZH, Oleson TD, Alimi D, Niemtzow RC. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2002 August; 8(4): 399-401. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230898&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse effects of acupuncture. Which are clinically significant? Author(s): Chung A, Bui L, Mills E. Source: Can Fam Physician. 2003 August; 49: 985-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12943357&dopt=Abstract

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An audit of self-acupuncture in primary care. Author(s): Fagan N, Staten P. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 28-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924844&dopt=Abstract

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An overview of acupuncture medicine. Author(s): Hurtak JJ.


Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2002 October; 8(5): 535-8. Erratum In: J Altern Complement Med. 2003 February; 9(1): 179. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12470432&dopt=Abstract ·

Analgesia and c-Fos expression in the periaqueductal gray induced by electroacupuncture at the Zusanli point in rats. Author(s): de Medeiros MA, Canteras NS, Suchecki D, Mello LE. Source: Brain Research. 2003 May 30; 973(2): 196-204. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12738063&dopt=Abstract

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Anti-inflammatory actions of acupuncture. Author(s): Zijlstra FJ, van den Berg-de Lange I, Huygen FJ, Klein J. Source: Mediators of Inflammation. 2003 April; 12(2): 59-69. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12775355&dopt=Abstract

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Anti-phlogistic and immunocompetent effects of acupuncture treatment in women suffering from chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases. Author(s): Wozniak PR, Stachowiak GP, Pieta-Dolinska AK, Oszukowski PJ. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2003; 31(2): 315-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12856870&dopt=Abstract

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Antispastic effect of electroacupuncture and moxibustion in stroke patients. Author(s): Moon SK, Whang YK, Park SU, Ko CN, Kim YS, Bae HS, Cho KH. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2003; 31(3): 467-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12943177&dopt=Abstract

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Assessment of beliefs in the effectiveness of acupuncture for treatment of psychiatric symptoms. Author(s): Dennehy EB, Webb A, Suppes T. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2002 August; 8(4): 421-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230902&dopt=Abstract

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Atropine-induced gastric dysrhythmia is not normalized by electroacupuncture. Author(s): Chang CS, Chou JW, Wu CY, Chang YH, Ko CW, Chen GH. Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 2002 November; 47(11): 2466-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12452381&dopt=Abstract

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Attitudes of GPs towards the provision of acupuncture on the NHS. Author(s): Lipman L, Dale J, MacPherson H.

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Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003 June; 11(2): 110-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12801497&dopt=Abstract ·

Attitudes to the contribution of placebo in acupuncture--a survey. Author(s): Norheim AJ, Fonnebo V. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2002 December; 10(4): 202-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12594970&dopt=Abstract

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Auricular acupuncture, education, and smoking cessation: a randomized, shamcontrolled trial. Author(s): Bier ID, Wilson J, Studt P, Shakleton M. Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1642-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356614&dopt=Abstract

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Authors reply on: The terms acupuncture and placebo should be adequately defined in clinical trials. Author(s): Smith C, Crowther C. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003 June; 11(2): 123-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12801501&dopt=Abstract

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Botulinum toxin: application into acupuncture points for migraine. Author(s): Tamura BM, Chang B. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2003 July; 29(7): 749-54. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12828700&dopt=Abstract

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Bridging the gap in complementary and alternative medicine research: manualization as a means of promoting standardization and flexibility of treatment in clinical trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Schnyer RN, Allen JJ. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2002 October; 8(5): 623-34. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12470444&dopt=Abstract

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Capsicum plaster at the korean hand acupuncture point reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting after abdominal hysterectomy. Author(s): Kim KS, Koo MS, Jeon JW, Park HS, Seung IS. Source: Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2002 October; 95(4): 1103-7, Table of Contents. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12351304&dopt=Abstract

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cDNA microarray analysis of the differential gene expression in the neuropathic pain and electroacupuncture treatment models. Author(s): Ko J, Na DS, Lee YH, Shin SY, Kim JH, Hwang BG, Min BI, Park DS.


Source: J Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 July 31; 35(4): 420-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12297003&dopt=Abstract ·

Cervical spondylopathy involving the vertebral arteries treated by body-acupuncture combined with scalp-acupuncture in 72 cases. Author(s): Li B, Chai F, Gao H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 197-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400427&dopt=Abstract

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Characteristics and quality of systematic reviews of acupuncture, herbal medicines, and homeopathy. Author(s): Linde K, ter Riet G, Hondras M, Melchart D, Willich SN. Source: Forschende Komplementarmedizin Und Klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in Complementary and Natural Classical Medicine. 2003 April; 10(2): 88-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12808368&dopt=Abstract

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Chronic epicondylitis: effects of real and sham acupuncture treatment: a randomised controlled patient- and examiner-blinded long-term trial. Author(s): Fink M, Wolkenstein E, Luennemann M, Gutenbrunner C, Gehrke A, Karst M. Source: Forschende Komplementarmedizin Und Klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in Complementary and Natural Classical Medicine. 2002 August; 9(4): 210-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12232492&dopt=Abstract

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Chronic inflammatory granuloma mimics clinical manifestations of lumbar spinal stenosis after acupuncture: a case report. Author(s): Ha KY, Kim YH. Source: Spine. 2003 June 1; 28(11): E217-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12782998&dopt=Abstract

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Chronic Spinal Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Medication, Acupuncture, and Spinal Manipulation. Author(s): Giles LG, Muller R. Source: Spine. 2003 July 15; 28(14): 1490-1502. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12865832&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical experience in electro-acupuncture treatment. Author(s): Sun L. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 40-1. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747196&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observation on acupuncture treatment of insomnia in 35 cases. Author(s): Zhang Q.

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Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 125-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875076&dopt=Abstract ·

Clinical observation on scalp acupuncture treatment in 50 cases of headache. Author(s): Tang W. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 190-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400424&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical observations on postoperative vomiting treated by auricular acupuncture. Author(s): Kim Y, Kim CW, Kim KS. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2003; 31(3): 475-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12943178&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical trial of acupuncture for patients with spinal cord injuries. Author(s): Wong AM, Leong CP, Su TY, Yu SW, Tsai WC, Chen CP. Source: American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists. 2003 January; 82(1): 21-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12510181&dopt=Abstract

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Comment on: Molsberger AF, Mau J, Pawelec DB, Winkler J. Does acupuncture improve the orthopedic management of chronic low back pain? Pain 2002; 99:579-87. Author(s): Leibing E, Pfingsten M, Leichsenring F. Source: Pain. 2003 July; 104(1-2): 425-6; Author Reply 426-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12855354&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of the effectiveness between manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture on patients with tennis elbow. Author(s): Tsui P, Leung MC. Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2002; 27(2): 107-17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12269719&dopt=Abstract

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Complementary medicine in pediatrics: a review of acupuncture, homeopathy, massage, and chiropractic therapies. Author(s): Breuner CC. Source: Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2002 November-December; 32(10): 35384. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12486401&dopt=Abstract

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Convulsive syncope associated with acupuncture. Author(s): Cole M, Shen J, Hommer D.


Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 2002 November; 324(5): 288-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12449453&dopt=Abstract ·

Cutaneous analgesia, hemodynamic and respiratory effects, and beta-endorphin concentration in spinal fluid and plasma of horses after acupuncture and electroacupuncture. Author(s): Skarda RT, Tejwani GA, Muir WW 3rd. Source: Am J Vet Res. 2002 October; 63(10): 1435-42. Erratum In: Am J Vet Res. 2002 November; 63(11): 1584. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12371773&dopt=Abstract

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Cutaneous electrical stimulation of acupuncture points may enhance gastric myoelectrical regularity. Author(s): Chang CS, Chou JW, Ko CW, Wu CY, Chen GH. Source: Digestion. 2002; 66(2): 106-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12428070&dopt=Abstract

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Different central manifestations in response to electroacupuncture at analgesic and nonanalgesic acupoints in rats: a manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Author(s): Chiu JH, Chung MS, Cheng HC, Yeh TC, Hsieh JC, Chang CY, Kuo WY, Cheng H, Ho LT. Source: Can J Vet Res. 2003 May; 67(2): 94-101. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12760473&dopt=Abstract

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Different modes of manual acupuncture stimulation differentially modulate cerebral blood flow velocity, arterial blood pressure and heart rate in human subjects. Author(s): Backer M, Hammes MG, Valet M, Deppe M, Conrad B, Tolle TR, Dobos G. Source: Neuroscience Letters. 2002 November 29; 333(3): 203-6. Erratum In: Neurosci Lett. 2003 February 6; 337(2): 117. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12429383&dopt=Abstract

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Differential acupuncture treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands. Author(s): Wang J. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 184-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400422&dopt=Abstract

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Differential expression of age-related genes in the cerebrum of senescenceaccelerated mouse (SAMP10) and analysis of acupuncture interference using DD-PCR technique. Author(s): Yu J, Lu M, Yu T, Han J.

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Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2002; 27(3-4): 183-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12638738&dopt=Abstract ·

Does acupuncture improve motor recovery after stroke? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Author(s): Sze FK, Wong E, Or KK, Lau J, Woo J. Source: Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation. 2002 November; 33(11): 2604-19. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12411650&dopt=Abstract

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Does acupuncture improve the orthopedic management of chronic low back pain--a randomized, blinded, controlled trial with 3 months follow up. Author(s): Molsberger AF, Mau J, Pawelec DB, Winkler J. Source: Pain. 2002 October; 99(3): 579-87. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12406534&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture compared with placebo-acupuncture at p6 as additional antiemetic prophylaxis in high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: a randomized controlled single-blind trial. Author(s): Streitberger K, Friedrich-Rust M, Bardenheuer H, Unnebrink K, Windeler J, Goldschmidt H, Egerer G. Source: Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 2003 July; 9(7): 2538-44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12855628&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on nitric oxide synthase expression in cerebral cortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Author(s): Jang MH, Shin MC, Kim YP, Kim EH, Kim CJ. Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2003; 28(1-2): 1-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12934955&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of acupuncture on the neutrophil respiratory burst: a placebo-controlled singleblinded study. Author(s): Karst M, Scheinichen D, Rueckert T, Wagner T, Wiese B, Piepenbrock S, Fink M. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003 March; 11(1): 4-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12667969&dopt=Abstract

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Effect of electroacupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at Hegu (LI.4) acupuncture point on the cutaneous reflex. Author(s): Chang QY, Lin JG, Hsieh CL. Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2002; 27(3-4): 191-202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12638739&dopt=Abstract


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Effects of acupuncture on monoamine neurotransmitters in raphe nuclei in obese rats. Author(s): Wei Q, Liu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 147-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875086&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on skin and muscle blood flow in healthy subjects. Author(s): Sandberg M, Lundeberg T, Lindberg LG, Gerdle B. Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2003 June 24 [epub Ahead of Print] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12827364&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of acupuncture on the 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis and tryptophan hydroxylase expression in the dorsal raphe of exercised rats. Author(s): Lee SH, Chung SH, Lee JS, Kim SS, Shin HD, Lim BV, Jang MH, Kim H, Kim EH, Kim CJ. Source: Neuroscience Letters. 2002 October 25; 332(1): 17-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12377374&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of electro-acupuncture on psychological distress in postmenopausal women. Author(s): Sandberg M, Wijma K, Wyon Y, Nedstrand E, Hammar M. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2002 September; 10(3): 161-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12568145&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of acupuncture in asthma. Author(s): Hansell A. Source: The European Respiratory Journal : Official Journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. 2003 May; 21(5): 909. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12765442&dopt=Abstract

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Efficacy of acupuncture in asthma: systematic review and meta-analysis of published data from 11 randomised controlled trials. Author(s): Martin J, Donaldson AN, Villarroel R, Parmar MK, Ernst E, Higginson IJ. Source: The European Respiratory Journal : Official Journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. 2002 October; 20(4): 846-52. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12412674&dopt=Abstract

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Electroacupuncture analgesia for colonoscopy. a prospective, randomized, placebocontrolled study. Author(s): Fanti L, Gemma M, Passaretti S, Guslandi M, Testoni PA, Casati A, Torri G. Source: The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 2003 February; 98(2): 312-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12591047&dopt=Abstract

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Electroacupuncture and moxibustion for correction of abomasal displacement in dairy cattle. Author(s): Jang KH, Lee JM, Nam TC. Source: J Vet Sci. 2003 April; 4(1): 93-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12819371&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture as a peroperative analgesic method and its effects on implantation rate and neuropeptide Y concentrations in follicular fluid. Author(s): Stener-Victorin E, Waldenstrom U, Wikland M, Nilsson L, Hagglund L, Lundeberg T. Source: Human Reproduction (Oxford, England). 2003 July; 18(7): 1454-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12832372&dopt=Abstract

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Electroacupuncture at ciliao and huiyang for treating neuropathic incontinence of defecation and urination in 30 cases. Author(s): Yang T, Liu Z, Liu Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 53-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747203&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture improves behavior and upregulates GDNF mRNA in MFB transected rats. Author(s): Liang XB, Luo Y, Liu XY, Lu J, Li FQ, Wang Q, Wang XM, Han JS. Source: Neuroreport. 2003 June 11; 14(8): 1177-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12821804&dopt=Abstract

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'Electro-acupuncture in a child with mild spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy'. Author(s): Svedberg L, Nordahl G, Lundeberg T. Source: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 2003 July; 45(7): 503-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12828407&dopt=Abstract

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Electroacupuncture induces the expression of Fos in rat dorsal horn via capsaicininsensitive afferents. Author(s): Uchida Y, Nishigori A, Takeda D, Ohshiro M, Ueda Y, Ohshima M, Kashiba H. Source: Brain Research. 2003 July 18; 978(1-2): 136-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12834907&dopt=Abstract

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Electro-acupuncture stimulation effects on duodenal motility in anesthetized rats. Author(s): Noguchi E, Ohsawa H, Tanaka H, Ikeda H, Aikawa Y. Source: Japanese Journal of Physiology. 2003 February; 53(1): 1-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12689352&dopt=Abstract


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Enhanced expression of phospho-Akt by electro-acupuncture in normal rat brain. Author(s): Wang SJ, Omori N, Li F, Zhang WR, Jin G, Hamakawa Y, Sato K, Nagano I, Shoji M, Abe K. Source: Neurological Research. 2002 October; 24(7): 719-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12392212&dopt=Abstract

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Enhanced nitric oxide concentrations and expression of nitric oxide synthase in acupuncture points/meridians. Author(s): Ma SX. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2003 April; 9(2): 207-15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12804074&dopt=Abstract

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Excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists and electroacupuncture synergetically inhibit carrageenan-induced behavioral hyperalgesia and spinal fos expression in rats. Author(s): Zhang YQ, Ji GC, Wu GC, Zhao ZQ. Source: Pain. 2002 October; 99(3): 525-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12406529&dopt=Abstract

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Experience in acupuncture treatment of occipital neuralgia. Author(s): Wang H, Chen H, Jiang H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 183. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400421&dopt=Abstract

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Exploring acupuncture: ancient ideas, modern techniques. Author(s): Fee E, Brown TM, Lazarus J, Theerman P. Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2002 October; 92(10): 1592-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12356598&dopt=Abstract

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Forty-three cases of acute lumbar sprain treated by acupuncture plus kinesitherapy. Author(s): Hu C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 115-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875068&dopt=Abstract

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Functional improvement by electro-acupuncture after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Author(s): Wang SJ, Omori N, Li F, Jin G, Hamakawa Y, Sato K, Nagano I, Shoji M, Abe K. Source: Neurological Research. 2003 July; 25(5): 516-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uid s=12866201&dopt=Abstract

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Immediate effects of dry needling and acupuncture at distant points in chronic neck pain: results of a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled crossover trial.

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Author(s): Irnich D, Behrens N, Gleditsch JM, Stor W, Schreiber MA, Schops P, Vickers AJ, Beyer A. Source: Pain. 2002 September; 99(1-2): 83-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12237186&dopt=Abstract ·

Immunohistochemical localization of cyclooxygenase-2 in pregnant rat uterus by Sp-6 acupuncture. Author(s): Kim JS, Na CS, Hwang WJ, Lee BC, Shin KH, Pak SC. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2003; 31(3): 481-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12943179&dopt=Abstract

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Incidence of adverse effects during acupuncture therapy-a multicentre survey. Author(s): Ernst G, Strzyz H, Hagmeister H. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003 June; 11(2): 93-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12801494&dopt=Abstract

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Increased neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in the gracile nucleus of brainstem following electroacupuncture given between cutaneous hindlimb acupuncture points BL 64 & BL 65 in rats. Author(s): Ma SX, Li XY. Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2002; 27(3-4): 157-69. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12638736&dopt=Abstract

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Influence of acupuncture on idiopathic male infertility in assisted reproductive technology. Author(s): Zhang M, Huang G, Lu F, Paulus WE, Sterzik K. Source: J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2002; 22(3): 228-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12658811&dopt=Abstract

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Inhibitory effects of deer antler aqua-acupuncture, the pilose antler of Cervus Korean TEMMINCK var mantchuricus Swinhoe, on type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Author(s): Kim YK, Kim KS, Chung KH, Kim JG, Kim KS, Lee YC, Chang YC, Kim CH. Source: International Immunopharmacology. 2003 July; 3(7): 1001-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12810357&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture an useful tool for pain-treatment in ophthalmology? Author(s): Nepp J, Jandrasits K, Schauersberger J, Schild G, Wedrich A, Sabine GL, Spacek A. Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2002; 27(3-4): 171-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12638737&dopt=Abstract

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Is acupuncture safe? A systematic review of case reports. Author(s): Lao L, Hamilton GR, Fu J, Berman BM.


Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 2003 January-February; 9(1): 7283. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12564354&dopt=Abstract ·

Isolated episodes of atrial fibrillation and acupuncture. Author(s): Celentano A, Palmieri V, Zulati P, Di Minno G. Source: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2003 June; 13(3): 183-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12955800&dopt=Abstract

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Laser acupuncture and low-calorie diet during visceral obesity therapy after menopause. Author(s): Wozniak P, Stachowiak G, Pieta-Dolinska A, Oszukowski P. Source: Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2003 January; 82(1): 69-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12580844&dopt=Abstract

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Localized argyria 20-years after embedding of acupuncture needles. Author(s): Takeishi E, Hirose R, Hamasaki Y, Katayama I. Source: Eur J Dermatol. 2002 November-December; 12(6): 609-11. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12459543&dopt=Abstract

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Long-term high-frequency electro-acupuncture stimulation prevents neuronal degeneration and up-regulates BDNF mRNA in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area following medial forebrain bundle axotomy. Author(s): Liang XB, Liu XY, Li FQ, Luo Y, Lu J, Zhang WM, Wang XM, Han JS. Source: Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 2002 December; 108(1-2): 51-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12480178&dopt=Abstract

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Multiple retained acupuncture needle fragments. Author(s): Vassiou K, Kelekis NL, Fezoulidis IV. Source: European Radiology. 2003 May; 13(5): 1188-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12772709&dopt=Abstract

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Mycobacterium chelonae infection with multiple cutaneous lesions after treatment with acupuncture. Author(s): Ara M, De Santamaria CS, Zaballos P, Yus C, Lezcano MA. Source: International Journal of Dermatology. 2003 August; 42(8): 642-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12890112&dopt=Abstract

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Need to differentiate traditional Chinese acupuncture from other forms of acupuncture. (Comment on Critically Appraised Paper, Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 49: 74.). Author(s): Richardson P.

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Source: The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2003; 49(2): 139-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12775210&dopt=Abstract ·

Neural mechanism of acupuncture-induced gastric relaxations in rats. Author(s): Tada H, Fujita M, Harris M, Tatewaki M, Nakagawa K, Yamamura T, Pappas TN, Takahashi T. Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 2003 January; 48(1): 59-68. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12645791&dopt=Abstract

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Neurogenic pruritus: an unrecognised problem? A retrospective case series of treatment by acupuncture. Author(s): Stellon A. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 186-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512793&dopt=Abstract

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Nitric oxide in the gracile nucleus mediates depressor response to acupuncture (ST36). Author(s): Chen S, Ma SX. Source: Journal of Neurophysiology. 2003 August; 90(2): 780-5. Epub 2003 April 02. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12672780&dopt=Abstract

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Non-pharmacological approaches to chronic headaches: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, lasertherapy and acupuncture in transformed migraine treatment. Author(s): Allais G, De Lorenzo C, Quirico PE, Lupi G, Airola G, Mana O, Benedetto C. Source: Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2003 May; 24 Suppl 2: S138-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12811613&dopt=Abstract

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Observation on the therapeutic effects of acupuncture for 60 cases of simple obesity. Author(s): Wang H. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 187-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400423&dopt=Abstract

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Ocular hypotension induced by electroacupuncture. Author(s): Chu TC, Potter DE. Source: Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2002 August; 18(4): 293-305. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12222760&dopt=Abstract

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Peroneal nerve palsy following acupuncture treatment. A case report. Author(s): Sato M, Katsumoto H, Kawamura K, Sugiyama H, Takahashi T.


Source: The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 2003 May; 85-A(5): 916-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12728045&dopt=Abstract ·

Placebo controls in randomized trials of acupuncture. Author(s): Vickers AJ. Source: Evaluation & the Health Professions. 2002 December; 25(4): 421-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12449085&dopt=Abstract

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Practising acupuncture in the developing world. Author(s): Watkins S. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 47-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924848&dopt=Abstract

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Pregnancy outcome following women's participation in a randomised controlled trial of acupuncture to treat nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Author(s): Smith C, Crowther C, Beilby J. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2002 June; 10(2): 78-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12481955&dopt=Abstract

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Pressure applied on the extra 1 acupuncture point reduces bispectral index values and stress in volunteers. Author(s): Fassoulaki A, Paraskeva A, Patris K, Pourgiezi T, Kostopanagiotou G. Source: Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2003 March; 96(3): 885-90, Table of Contents. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12598279&dopt=Abstract

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Provision of acupuncture in a university health centre--a clinical audit. Author(s): Grabowska C, Squire C, MacRae E, Robinson N. Source: Complementary Therapies in Nursing & Midwifery. 2003 February; 9(1): 14-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12604320&dopt=Abstract

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Pseudoaneurysm of the abdominal aorta caused by acupuncture therapy. Author(s): Kim DI, Huh SH, Lee BB, Kim DK, Do YS. Source: Surgery Today. 2002; 32(10): 942-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12376801&dopt=Abstract

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Randomised controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of electroacupuncture and TENS for low back pain: a preliminary study for a pragmatic trial. Author(s): Tsukayama H, Yamashita H, Amagai H, Tanno Y. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 175-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512791&dopt=Abstract

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Referred knee pain treated with electroacupuncture to iliopsoas. Author(s): Cummings M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 32-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924845&dopt=Abstract

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Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes. Author(s): Langevin HM, Yandow JA. Source: The Anatomical Record. 2002 December 15; 269(6): 257-65. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12467083&dopt=Abstract

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Relief of chronic neck and shoulder pain by manual acupuncture to tender points--a sham-controlled randomized trial. Author(s): Nabeta T, Kawakita K. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2002 December; 10(4): 217-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12594972&dopt=Abstract

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Reply to the comment of Leibing E, Pfingsten M, and Leichsenring F concerning the trial reported in: Molsberger AF, Mau J, Pawelec DB, Winkler J. Does acupuncture improve the orthopedic management of chronic low back pain? Pain 2002;99:579-87. Author(s): Mau J, Molsberger AF. Source: Pain. 2003 July; 104(1-2): 426-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12855355&dopt=Abstract

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Reporting of clinical details in randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for the treatment of migraine/headaches and nausea/vomiting. Author(s): Elorriaga Claraco A, Hanna SE, Fargas-Babjak A. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2003 February; 9(1): 151-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676043&dopt=Abstract

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Reproduction of scalp acupuncture therapy on strokes in the model rats, spontaneous hypertensive rats-stroke prone (SHR-SP). Author(s): Inoue I, Chen L, Zhou L, Zeng X, Wang H. Source: Neuroscience Letters. 2002 November 29; 333(3): 191-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12429380&dopt=Abstract

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Reviews of acupuncture for chronic neck pain: pitfalls in conducting systematic reviews. Author(s): White P, Lewith G, Berman B, Birch S. Source: Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 2002 November; 41(11): 1224-31. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12421994&dopt=Abstract


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Role of acupuncture in the treatment of female infertility. Author(s): Chang R, Chung PH, Rosenwaks Z. Source: Fertility and Sterility. 2002 December; 78(6): 1149-53. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12477502&dopt=Abstract

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Scalp and body acupuncture for treatment of senile insomnia--a report of 83 cases. Author(s): Lu Z. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 193-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400425&dopt=Abstract

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Sensory stimulation (acupuncture) for the treatment of idiopathic anterior knee pain. Author(s): Naslund J, Naslund UB, Odenbring S, Lundeberg T. Source: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine : Official Journal of the Uems European Board of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2002 September; 34(5): 231-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12392239&dopt=Abstract

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Side-effects associated with acupuncture and a sham treatment: perhaps we should take a closer look at what is really responsible? Author(s): Lewith GT, White P. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2003 February; 9(1): 16-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676030&dopt=Abstract

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Staphylococcus aureus subcutaneous abscess complicating acupuncture: need for implementation of proper infection control guidelines. Author(s): Woo PC, Lau SK, Wong SS, Yuen KY. Source: New Microbiol. 2003 April; 26(2): 169-74. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12737199&dopt=Abstract

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Steroid-induced polycystic ovaries in rats: effect of electro-acupuncture on concentrations of endothelin-1 and nerve growth factor (NGF), and expression of NGF mRNA in the ovaries, the adrenal glands, and the central nervous system. Author(s): Stener-Victorin E, Lundeberg T, Cajander S, Aloe L, Manni L, Waldenstrom U, Janson PO. Source: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology [electronic Resource] : Rb&E. 2003 April 8; 1(1): 33. Epub 2003 Apr 08. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12725645&dopt=Abstract

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Sze et al investigated effects of traditinal Chinese acupuncture. (Response to Richardson PW, Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 49: 139-140.). Author(s): Hillier S.

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Source: The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2003; 49(2): 140. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12775211&dopt=Abstract ·

Testing strategies to reduce diarrhea in persons with HIV using traditional Chinese medicine: acupuncture and moxibustion. Author(s): Anastasi JK, McMahon DJ. Source: The Journal of the Association of Nurses in Aids Care : Janac. 2003 May-June; 14(3): 28-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12800810&dopt=Abstract

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Thalamic neuron theory: meridians=DNA. The genetic and embryological basis of traditional Chinese medicine including acupuncture. Author(s): Lee TN. Source: Medical Hypotheses. 2002 November; 59(5): 504-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12376072&dopt=Abstract

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The acupuncture wars: the professionalizing of American acupuncture--a view from Massachusetts. Author(s): Barnes LL. Source: Medical Anthropology. 2003 July-September; 22(3): 261-301. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12893542&dopt=Abstract

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The cerebrovascular response to traditional acupuncture after stroke. Author(s): Lee JD, Chon JS, Jeong HK, Kim HJ, Yun M, Kim DY, Kim DI, Park CI, Yoo HS. Source: Neuroradiology. 2003 August 27 [epub Ahead of Print] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12942221&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the acute withdrawal symptoms from rapid opiate detoxification. Author(s): Montazeri K, Farahnakian M, Saghaei M. Source: Acta Anaesthesiol Sin. 2002 December; 40(4): 173-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12596615&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the coronary arteries as evaluated by coronary angiography: a preliminary report. Author(s): Kurono Y, Egawa M, Yano T, Shimoo K. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2002; 30(2-3): 387-96. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230027&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of acupuncture on the temperature of the ocular surface in conjunctivitis sicca measured by non-contact thermography: preliminary results.


Author(s): Nepp J, Tsubota K, Goto E, Schauersberger J, Schild G, Jandrasits K, Abela C, Wedrich A. Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2002; 506(Pt A): 723-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12613984&dopt=Abstract ·

The effect of auricular acupuncture on anaesthesia with desflurane. Author(s): Taguchi A, Sharma N, Ali SZ, Dave B, Sessler DI, Kurz A. Source: Anaesthesia. 2002 December; 57(12): 1159-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12437705&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of auricular acupuncture on anaesthesia: a search for optimal design. Author(s): Usichenko TI, Pavlovic D, Groth M. Source: Anaesthesia. 2003 September; 58(9): 928-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12911390&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of electroacupuncture as an adjunct on cyclophosphamide-induced emesis in ferrets. Author(s): Lao L, Zhang G, Wong RH, Carter AK, Wynn RL, Berman BM. Source: Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. 2003 February; 74(3): 691-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12543236&dopt=Abstract

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The effect of high and low frequency electroacupuncture in pain after lower abdominal surgery. Author(s): Lin JG, Lo MW, Wen YR, Hsieh CL, Tsai SK, Sun WZ. Source: Pain. 2002 October; 99(3): 509-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12406527&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of acupuncture on blood pressure in different patients. Author(s): Guo W, Ni G. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 49-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747201&dopt=Abstract

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The effects of electroacupuncture on peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. Author(s): Inoue M, Hojo T, Yano T, Katsumi Y. Source: Acupunct Med. 2003 June; 21(1-2): 9-17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12924841&dopt=Abstract

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The experience of acupuncture for treatment of substance dependence. Author(s): Bernstein KS.

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Source: Journal of Nursing Scholarship : an Official Publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing / Sigma Theta Tau. 2000; 32(3): 267-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12462821&dopt=Abstract ·

The impact of site specificity and needle manipulation on changes to pain pressure threshold following manual acupuncture: a controlled study. Author(s): Zaslawski CJ, Cobbin D, Lidums E, Petocz P. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003 March; 11(1): 11-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12667970&dopt=Abstract

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The influence of an internal electric field upon protein crystallization using the gelacupuncture method. Author(s): Mirkin N, Frontana-Uribe BA, Rodriguez-Romero A, Hernandez-Santoyo A, Moreno A. Source: Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography. 2003 September; 59(Pt 9): 1533-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12925781&dopt=Abstract

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The local mechanism of acupuncture. Author(s): Chu J. Source: Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 2002 July; 65(7): 299-302. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12365644&dopt=Abstract

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The physiological mechanisms of 2 Hz electroacupuncture: a study using blink and H reflex. Author(s): Hsieh CL. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2002; 30(2-3): 369-78. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12230025&dopt=Abstract

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The placebo response and effect of time in a trial of acupuncture to treat nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Author(s): Smith C, Crowther C. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2002 December; 10(4): 210-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12594971&dopt=Abstract

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The Pressor Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hemorrhagic Hypotension. Author(s): Syuu Y, Matsubara H, Hosogi S, Suga H. Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2003 July 31 [epub Ahead of Print] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12893654&dopt=Abstract

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The reporting of clinical acupuncture research: what do clinicians need to know? Author(s): Claraco AE, Fargas-Babjak A, Hanna SE.


Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2003 February; 9(1): 143-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676042&dopt=Abstract ·

The role of acupuncture in the treatment of urologic conditions. Author(s): Ripoll E, Bunn T. Source: World Journal of Urology. 2002 November; 20(5): 315-8. Epub 2002 October 23. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12522589&dopt=Abstract

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The sharp end of medical practice: the use of acupuncture in obstetrics and gynaecology. Author(s): Renckens CN. Source: Bjog : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2002 December; 109(12): 1418-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12504990&dopt=Abstract

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The sharp end of medical practice: the use of acupuncture in obstetrics and gynecology. Author(s): Zeisler H, Husslein P. Source: Bjog : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2002 December; 109(12): 1419. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12504991&dopt=Abstract

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The terms 'acupuncture' and 'placebo' should be adequately defined in clinical trials. Author(s): Cummings M. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003 June; 11(2): 123; Author Reply 1234. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12801500&dopt=Abstract

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Thermo-visual evaluation of the Yin-Tang acupuncture point for intracranial hypertension syndrome. Author(s): Ovechkin A, Kim KS, Lee JW, Lee SM. Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2003; 31(3): 455-66. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12943176&dopt=Abstract

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Traditional Chinese acupuncture does not improve outcomes from post-stroke motor rehabilitation. Author(s): Hillier S. Source: The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2003; 49(1): 74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12793443&dopt=Abstract

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Training in acupuncture. Author(s): Lewis C, Halvorsen R. Source: Bmj (Clinical Research Ed.). 2003 May 3; 326(7396): S152. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12727787&dopt=Abstract

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Treating dyspepsia with acupuncture and homeopathy: reflections on a pilot study by researchers, practitioners and participants. Author(s): Paterson C, Ewings P, Brazier JE, Britten N. Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003 June; 11(2): 78-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12801492&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment by electro-acupuncture and massage in 172 cases of cervical spondylopathy. Author(s): Wang L, Wang D, Tian Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 129-30. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875078&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis by acupuncture: A preliminary study. Author(s): Honjo H, Kawauchi A, Ukimura O, Soh J, Mizutani Y, Miki T. Source: International Journal of Urology : Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association. 2002 December; 9(12): 672-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12492950&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of phlegm- and heat-induced insomnia by acupuncture in 120 cases. Author(s): Cui R, Zhou D. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 March; 23(1): 57-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12747205&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of prolapse of rectum with acupuncture combined with TCM drugs in 38 cases. Author(s): Gao J, Li T, Huang Y. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 122. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875074&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of retinal vein obstruction with acupuncture and Chinese medicinal herbs. Author(s): Zhu X, Bi A, Han X. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2002 September; 22(3): 211-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12400431&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with electromagnetic millimeter waves applied to acupuncture points--a randomized double blind clinical study. Author(s): Usichenko TI, Ivashkivsky OI, Gizhko VV.


Source: Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research. 2003; 28(1-2): 11-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12934956&dopt=Abstract ·

Treatment of sprain by electro-acupuncture. Author(s): Guo N. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 2003 June; 23(2): 119-20. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12875072&dopt=Abstract

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Trigger point--acupuncture point correlations revisited. Author(s): Birch S. Source: Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 2003 February; 9(1): 91-103. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12676038&dopt=Abstract

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Urinary tract infections and acupuncture. Author(s): Katz AR. Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2003 May; 93(5): 702; Author Reply 702-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12721123&dopt=Abstract

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Using acupuncture to treat premenstrual syndrome. Author(s): Habek D, Habek JC, Barbir A. Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2002 November; 267(1): 23-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12410369&dopt=Abstract

·

Validating a new non-penetrating sham acupuncture device: two randomised controlled trials. Author(s): Park J, White A, Stevinson C, Ernst E, James M. Source: Acupunct Med. 2002 December; 20(4): 168-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12512790&dopt=Abstract

·

What is acupuncture? Author(s): Tai D. Source: Complementary Therapies in Nursing & Midwifery. 2002 August; 8(3): 155-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12353617&dopt=Abstract

Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering CAM and related topics. The following is a representative sample: ·

Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.: http://www.herbmed.org/

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Chinese Medicine: http://www.newcenturynutrition.com/

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drkoop.comÒ: http://www.drkoop.com/InteractiveMedicine/IndexC.html

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Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_altn.htm

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Alternative/

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Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

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MedWebPlus: http://medwebplus.com/subject/Alternative_and_Complementary_Medicine

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Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Alternative/

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HealthGate: http://www.tnp.com/

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WebMDÒHealth: http://my.webmd.com/drugs_and_herbs

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WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,,00.html

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Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Alternative_Medicine/

The following is a specific Web list relating to acupuncture; please note that any particular subject below may indicate either a therapeutic use, or a contraindication (potential danger), and does not reflect an official recommendation (some Web sites are subscription based): ·

General Overview Acne Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Acne Vulgaris Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com AIDS and HIV Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Alcoholism Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Allergic Reaction, Anaphylaxis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Allergic Reaction, Angioedema Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Allergic Rhinitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Allergies and Sensitivities Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com


Allergy, Food Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Alzheimer's Disease Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Amenorrhea Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Anaphylaxis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Angina Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Angina Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Angioedema Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Anxiety Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Appendicitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Arthritis, OsteoSource: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Ascariasis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Asthma Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Asthma Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Back Pain, Low Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Bell's Palsy Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Blood Pressure, High Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

280 Acupuncture

Bone Cancer Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Bone Loss Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Brain Cancer Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Brain Inflammation, Viral Encephalitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Bronchitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Bulimia Nervosa Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Burns Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Burns Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Bursitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Cancer, Bone Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Cancer, Brain Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Cancer, Lung Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Cancer, Prostate Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Cellulitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Chickenpox and Shingles Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com


Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Conjunctivitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Constipation Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Constipation Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Cough Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Crohn's Disease Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Cystic Fibrosis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Depression Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Depression Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Dermatitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Diabetes Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Diabetes Mellitus Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Diarrhea Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Dysmenorrhea Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Dysmenorrhea Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Eating Disorders, Bulimia Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Eczema Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

282 Acupuncture

Edema Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Encephalitis, Viral Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Endocarditis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Endometriosis Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Endometriosis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Epilepsy Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Epstein-Barr Virus Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Erectile Dysfunction Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Fainting Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Fatigue, Chronic Syndrome Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Female Infertility Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Fever of Unknown Origin Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Fibromyalgia Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Fibromyalgia Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Flu Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Food Allergy Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Gallbladder Disease Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com


Gastritis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Guinea Worm Disease Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hair Growth, Excessive Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hay Fever Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Headache, Tension Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Heart Infection, Endocarditis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hemophilia Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hemorrhoids Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hepatitis, Viral Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Herpes Zoster and Varicella Viruses Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com High Blood Pressure Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hirsuitism Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com HIV and AIDS Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hookworm Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hyperkalemia Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hypertension Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hyperthyroidism Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

284 Acupuncture

Hypochondriasis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hypothermia Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Hypothyroidism Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Crohn's Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Influenza Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Insomnia Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Insomnia Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Irritable Bowel Syndrome Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Irritable Bowel Syndrome Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Laryngitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Leukemia Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Loiasis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Low Back Pain Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Low Back Pain Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Lung Cancer Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Lupus Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Lyme Disease Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com


Lymphatic Filariasis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Lymphoma Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Ménière's Disease Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Macular Degeneration Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Male Infertility Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Menopause Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Menopause Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Menstrual Pain Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Migraine Headaches Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Migraine Headaches Source: Prima Communications, Inc.www.personalhealthzone.com Miscarriage Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Mononucleosis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Morning Sickness Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Motion Sickness Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Multiple Sclerosis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Mumps Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Nail Disorders Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

286 Acupuncture

Obesity Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Osteoarthritis Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Osteoarthritis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Osteoporosis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pancreas, Inflammation of Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pancreatitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Parasitic Infection, Roundworms Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Peptic Ulcer Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Peripheral Vascular Disease Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Pharyngitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pink Eye Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pinworm Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com PMS Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Potassium, Excess in Blood Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pregnancy and Postpartum Support Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com


Premenstrual Syndrome Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Proctitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Prostate Cancer Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Prostatitis Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Psoriasis Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com PTSD Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pulmonary Edema Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Pyloric Stenosis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Raynaud's Phenomenon Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Rectal Inflammation Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Reiter's Syndrome Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Respiratory Infection, Bronchitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Rhinitis, Allergic Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com River Blindness Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Roundworms Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Rubella Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Scleroderma Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

288 Acupuncture

Seizure Disorders Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Sexually Transmitted Diseases Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Shingles and Chickenpox Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Shingles and Postherpetic Neuralgia Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Shock Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Sinus Congestion Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Skin Disorders, Dermatitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Skin Disorders, Eczema Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Skin Infection Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Sleeplessness Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Sore Throat Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Spastic Colon Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Spontaneous Abortion Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Sprains and Strains Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com STDs Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Stomach Inflammation Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Stroke Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com


Stroke, Transient Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Syncope Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Tendinitis Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Tension Headache Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Tension Headache Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Threadworm Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Throat, Sore Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Thyroid Inflammation Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Thyroid, Overactive Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Thyroid, Underactive Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Thyroiditis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com TIAs Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Tinnitus Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com TMJ Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Transient Ischemic Attacks Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

290 Acupuncture

Trichinosis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Ulcer, Peptic Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Urethral Inflammation Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Urethritis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Urinary Tract Infection Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Uveitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Vaginal Inflammation Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Vaginitis Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Varicella and Herpes Zoster Viruses Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Varicose Veins Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Vertigo Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Visceral Larva Migrans Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Warts Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Water Retention Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Whipworm Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com ·

Alternative Therapy Acu-point therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html


Acupressure Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,662,00.html Acupuncture Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Acupuncture Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Acupuncture Alternative names: acupuncture therapy Zhenjiu Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Acupuncture Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,663,00.html Acupuncture anesthesia Alternative names: acupuncture analgesia acupuncture assisted anesthesia anesthetic acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Acupuncture cupping method Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Acupuncture energetics Alternative names: core acupuncture energetics Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Acupuncture imaging Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Acupuncture Osteopathy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html

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Acu-yoga Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Applied kinesiology Alternative names: AK kinesiology Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Applied kinesiology Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,711,00.html Aqua acupuncture Alternative names: aqua acupuncture therapy aquapuncture the injection therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Asian medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Auricular acupuncture Alternative names: auricular acupuncture therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Auricular analgesia Alternative names: auricular analgesic acupuncture auricular acupuncture analgesia Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Auricular point injection Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Auriculotherapy Alternative names: auricular acupuncture auricular therapy ear acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html


Ayurvedic Acupuncture Alternative names: Bhedan Karma traditional Indian acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/a.html Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Molecular Identification Method Alternative names: Bi-Digital O-Ring Test O-Ring technique Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/b.html Bindegewebsmassage Alternative names: bindegewebsmassage system connective tissue massage Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/b.html Body acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/b.html BodyCentered Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/b.html Bodywork Alternative names: Bodywork Therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/b.html C.A.R.E. Alternative names: Chakra Armor Release of Emotions Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Chinese auricular therapy Alternative names: Chinese auricular acupuncture traditional Chinese auricular acu-points therapy traditional Chinese auricular acupuncture traditional Chinese auricular therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html

294 Acupuncture

Chinese medicine Alternative names: Traditional Chinese Medicine TCM Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Ching Lo Alternative names: meridian therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Chiropractic Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Chiropractic Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,681,00.html Classical Five Element Acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Color therapy Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,683,00.html Colorpuncture Alternative names: Colorpuncture system Osho Esogetic Colorpuncture system Lightpuncture Osho Lightpuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Cosmic energy chi kung Alternative names: Buddha palm Cosmic Chi Kung Cosmic Healing Chi Kung Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Cupping Alternative names: cupping method cupping therapy; called the "horn method" in ancient China Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html


Curanderismo Alternative names: curanderismo healing system Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Cymatic therapy Alternative names: cymatic medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/c.html Diagnostic acupressure Alternative names: acupressure diagnosis acupuncture diagnosis Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/d.html Dian xue Alternative names: Cavity Press Massage Dian Xue An Mo Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/d.html Do-In Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/d.html Dr. Lynch's Holistic Self-Health Program Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/d.html Electroacupuncture Alternative names: electric acupuncture electric acupuncture therapy electrical acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Electroacupuncture According to Voll Alternative names: EAV Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Electroacupuncture biofeedback Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html

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Electrodiagnosis Alternative names: bioelectric testing electrodermal screening electrodermal testing Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Electromagnetic healing Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Endo-nasal therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Energy Medicine Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Energy psychology Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Energy work Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Esogetics Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/e.html Feeling Light Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/f.html Foot Reflexology Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/f.html French acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/f.html


Hemo-acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/h.html Holistic dentistry Alternative names: biological dentistry holistic general dentistry Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/h.html Holistic medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/h.html Holistic nursing Alternative names: wholistic nursing Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/h.html Homeoacupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/h.html Homuncular acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/h.html Hoshino Therapy Alternative names: Hoshino Therapy Art Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/h.html Kobayashi Technique Alternative names: Applied Kobayashi Techniques Kobayashi Techniques Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/k.html Korean medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/k.html

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Laserpuncture Alternative names: laser based acupuncture laser acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/l.html Life Care Kinesiology Alternative names: Life Care Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/l.html Life energy analysis Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/l.html Macroreflexology Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/m.html Massage Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com MediPatch Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/m.html Meridian energy diagnosis Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/m.html Moxabustion Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/m.html Myotherapy Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,931,00.html Natural and Macrobiotic Medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/n.html


Naturopathic Medicine Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Naturopathy Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Naturopathy Alternative names: natural healing natural health natural medicine natural therapies nature cure naturology naturopathic healing naturopathic health care naturopathic medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/n.html Naturopathy Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,722,00.html Needle acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/n.html Neural therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/n.html Neuro-bioenergetic treatment Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/n.html Oriental massage Alternative names: amma massage Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/o.html Oriental medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/o.html Periosteal acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/p.html

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Planetary Herbology Alternative names: Planetary Herbalism Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/p.html Pneumo-acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/p.html Qigong Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,729,00.html Rainbow Diet Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/r.html Reflexology Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,730,00.html Reflexotherapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/r.html RL-test Alternative names: electropuncture RL-test Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/r.html Scalp acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/s.html Scalp acupuncture therapy Alternative names: head acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/s.html Shiatsu Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,733,00.html


Sonopuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/s.html Tai Chi Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Tapping therapies Alternative names: tapping treatments Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html TCM acupuncture Alternative names: New Acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html Thirty-day energetic workout Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html Thought Field Therapy Alternative names: TFT Callahan Techniques[TM] Callahan Techniques Thought Field Therapy [CTTFT] tapping therapy tap therapy Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html Tibetan medicine Alternative names: Amchi Emchi Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html Tongue acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html Touch And Breathe Alternative names: TAB TAB approach Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html

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Tracing Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html Traditional acupuncture Alternative names: Traditional Chinese acupuncture Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/t.html Traditional Chinese Medicine Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Traditional Chinese medicine Source: WholeHealthMD.com, LLC. www.wholehealthmd.com Hyperlink: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/0,1525,10085,00.html VEGAtest method Alternative names: Vega in vitro test method Vega method Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/v.html Vibrational medicine Alternative names: energetic medicine energetics medicine energy medicine subtleenergy medicine vibrational healing vibrational therapies Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/v.html Vietnamese traditional medicine Alternative names: Vietnamese medicine Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/v.html Zhenjiu Alternative names: acu-moxibustion acu-moxibustion therapy acupuncturemoxibustion acupuncture-moxibustion therapy chen-chiou therapy China Zhenjiuology Zhenjiuological science Zhenjiulogical [sic] therapy Zhenjiuologic therapy Zhenjiuology Zhenjiu therapies Source: The Canoe version of A Dictionary of Alternative-Medicine Methods, by Priorities for Health editor Jack Raso, M.S., R.D. Hyperlink: http://www.canoe.ca/AltmedDictionary/z.html


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Herbs and Supplements Astragalus mem Alternative names: Huang-Qi; Astragalus membranaceus Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc. www.amfoundation.org Hyperlink: http://www.herbmed.org/ Eugenia Clove Alternative names: Cloves; Eugenia sp. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc. www.amfoundation.org Hyperlink: http://www.herbmed.org/ Glycyrrhiza1 Alternative names: Licorice; Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc. www.amfoundation.org Hyperlink: http://www.herbmed.org/ Hydrastis Alternative names: Goldenseal; Hydrastis canadensis L. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc. www.amfoundation.org Hyperlink: http://www.herbmed.org/ Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbs Source: Healthnotes, Inc. www.healthnotes.com Uncaria asian Alternative names: Asian species; Uncaria sp. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc. www.amfoundation.org Hyperlink: http://www.herbmed.org/ Zingiber Alternative names: Ginger; Zingiber officinale Roscoe Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc. www.amfoundation.org Hyperlink: http://www.herbmed.org/

General References A good place to find general background information on CAM is the National Library of Medicine. It has prepared within the MEDLINEplus system an information topic page dedicated to complementary and alternative medicine. To access this page, go to the MEDLINEplus site at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/alternativemedicine.html. This Web site provides a general overview of various topics and can lead to a number of general sources.

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CHAPTER 4. DISSERTATIONS ON ACUPUNCTURE Overview In this chapter, we will give you a bibliography on recent dissertations relating to acupuncture. We will also provide you with information on how to use the Internet to stay current on dissertations. IMPORTANT NOTE: When following the search strategy described below, you may discover non-medical dissertations that use the generic term “acupuncture” (or a synonym) in their titles. To accurately reflect the results that you might find while conducting research on acupuncture, we have not necessarily excluded nonmedical dissertations in this bibliography.

Dissertations on Acupuncture ProQuest Digital Dissertations, the largest archive of academic dissertations available, is located at the following Web address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations. From this archive, we have compiled the following list covering dissertations devoted to acupuncture. You will see that the information provided includes the dissertation’s title, its author, and the institution with which the author is associated. The following covers recent dissertations found when using this search procedure: ·

Acupuncture and U.s. Medicine: a Sociohistorical Study of the Response to the Availability of Knowledge. by Rosenberg, Dorothy Blumenstiel, Phd from University of Pittsburgh, 1977, 380 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/7801829

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Acupuncture Comes to Canada: the Struggle for Professional Recognition, 1970--1996 by Yuan, Wei; , Phd from University of Ottawa (canada), 2001, 514 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/NQ68016

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Acupuncture in Florida: History, Regulation, and Policy by Geiser, Christine Robin, Phd from University of South Florida, 1989, 168 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9014629

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Feeling the Qi: Emergent Bodies and Disclosive Fields in American Appropriations of Acupuncture by Emad, Mitra Clara, Phd from Rice University, 1998, 210 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9827390

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The Conceptual Foundation of Physicians' Use of Acupuncture: a Study of New York State by Yoshida, Motoko, Phd from Columbia University, 1998, 315 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9820232

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The Experience of Women Receiving Auricular Acupuncture Treatment for Chemical Dependency during Pregnancy by Ackerman, Ruth Watkins, Phd from The Fielding Institute, 1994, 301 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9530166

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The Needle and the Lancet: British Acupuncture and the Cross-cultural Transmission of Medical Knowledge by Bivins, Roberta E., Phd from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997 http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/f1819970

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The Tao of Acupuncture: the Study and Practice of Traditional Chinese Acupuncture As a Self-developmental Process of Personal Integration and Spiritual Realization by Klate, Jonathan Shaw, Phd from The Union for Experimenting Colleges and Universities, 1980, 220 pages http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/8204988

Keeping Current Ask the medical librarian at your library if it has full and unlimited access to the ProQuest Digital Dissertations database. From the library, you should be able to do more complete searches via http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations.

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CHAPTER 5. CLINICAL TRIALS AND ACUPUNCTURE Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to keep informed of the latest clinical trials concerning acupuncture.

Recent Trials on Acupuncture The following is a list of recent trials dedicated to acupuncture.8 Further information on a trial is available at the Web site indicated. ·

Acupuncture and Acupressure in Treating Patients With Moderate or Severe Pain Related to Stage III or Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer Condition(s): stage III pancreatic cancer; recurrent pancreatic cancer; Pain; stage IVA pancreatic cancer; stage IVB pancreatic cancer Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; National Cancer Institute (NCI) Purpose - Excerpt: RATIONALE: acupuncture and acupressure may help relieve moderate or severe pain associated with stage III or stage IV pancreatic cancer. PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of acupuncture and accupressure in treating patients who have moderate or severe pain associated with stage III or stage IV pancreatic cancer. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00040833

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Acupuncture and Hypertension Condition(s): Hypertension Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients.

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These are listed at www.ClinicalTrials.gov.

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Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: Although traditional Chinese medicine advocates the use of acupuncture not only to induce analgesia but also to treat essential hypertension, acupuncture's postulated antihypertensive efficacy in humans has not been subjected to rigorous Western scientific testing. Before advocating acupuncture as an effective complementary/alternative medicine strategy for essential hypertension, it is necessary to demonstrate that the beneficial effects of acupuncture are scientifically robust, longlasting, and explicable in terms of modern scientific mechanisms. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, acupuncture-like electrical stimulation of thinly myelinated (Group III) somatic afferents activates central endorphin (naloxone-sensitive) pathways that elicit long-lasting decreases in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and blood pressure. The ability to record SNA with microelectrodes in conscious humans provides a new opportunity to test this novel mechanistic hypothesis in patients undergoing electroacupuncture, a modification of the ancient technique that provides a quantifiable and reproducible stimulus to human skeletal muscle afferents. Using a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled design, we will test the following major hypotheses: Electroacupuncture produces a long-lasting reduction in SNA, thereby providing a safe and effective complementary treatment of human hypertension. Given the enormous interest in acupuncture by our lay public, but the paucity of Western scientific data about its efficacy in cardiovascular disorders, our studies in normotensive and hypertensive humans should provide a conceptual framework for deciding whether to accept or reject the large body of Chinese (and Russian) literature advocating acupuncture as a safe and effective treatment of essential hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders (such as heart failure, and myocardial ischemia). Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010478 ·

Acupuncture and Moxa: A RCT for Chronic Diarrhea in HIV Patients Condition(s): HIV Infections Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) Purpose - Excerpt: The objective of this study is to test alternative treatment strategies to reduce the frequency of chronic diarrhea among HIV positive individuals. 60 percent of patients with HIV disease in the U.S. will have diarrhea at some point in their illness. Although in general many of the opportunistic infections (OI's) associated with HIV have decreased due to new "drug cocktails", many of these drugs, however, have diarrhea as a side effect. In Asian countries, acupuncture (including moxibustion) has been widely used for the treatment of various gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. However, there are no published studies that test treatment protocols using acupuncture or moxibustion on patients with HIV experiencing chronic diarrhea. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010491

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Acupuncture for Shortness of Breath in Cancer Patients Condition(s): Lung Cancer; Breast Cancer; Shortness of Breath Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: The purpose of this study is to determine whether acupuncture is effective in relieving shortness of breath among breast and lung cancer patients. Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00067691

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Acupuncture for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Condition(s): Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: The purpose of this study is to evaluate acupuncture as a treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and to correlate the diagnosis of PTSD with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnostic patterns. Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00055354

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Acupuncture in Cardiovascular Disease Condition(s): Congestive Heart Failure Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: The purpose of this study is to determine if acupuncture decreases adrenaline levels in heart failure, thereby potentially improving survival and quality of life. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00032422

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Acupuncture in Treating Mucositis-Related Pain Caused by Chemotherapy in Patients Undergoing Stem Cell Transplantation Condition(s): Cancer; oral complications of cancer and cancer therapy; Pain Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Cancer Institute (NCI) Purpose - Excerpt: RATIONALE: acupuncture may be effective in relieving mucositisrelated pain caused by chemotherapy in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. PURPOSE: Randomized clinical trial to study the effectiveness of acupuncture in

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treating mucositis-related pain caused by high-dose chemotherapy in patients who are undergoing stem cell transplantation. Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00060021 ·

Acupuncture Needling on Connective Tissue by Ultrasound Condition(s): Healthy; MEDLINEplus consumer health information Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of acupuncture needling on connective tissue using ultrasound techniques both in animals and in humans. Study Type: Observational Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00064818

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Acupuncture Safety/Efficacy in Knee Osteoarthritis Condition(s): Osteoarthritis, Knee Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: The goal of this research is to determine the efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese acupuncture (TCA) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. A three arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) using sham TCA, true TCA, and an education/attention comparison group with a total sample of 525 is proposed. Primary hypothesis to be tested is that patients randomized to true TCA will have significantly more improvement in pain and function as measured by the Womac Pain & Function Scales and patient global assessments than patients randomized to the sham acupuncture and education/attention control groups. Secondary aims of the study are to 1) determine if improvement with TCA differs between patients below age 65 vs. those aged 65 and above, 2) to determine if improvement with TCA differs by racial/ethnic group (ie., Caucasian, Black, Hispanic), and 3) to determine if improvement with TCA differs by stage of radiographic severity of knee OA at baseline (KL grade 2, 3 or 4) Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010946

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Acupuncture to Reduce Symptoms of Advanced Colorectal Cancer Condition(s): Colorectal Neoplasms Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)

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Purpose - Excerpt: This study investigates the effect of acupuncture in reducing symptom distress in adults with advanced colon cancer. Phase(s): Phase I Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00034034 ·

Complementary Medicine Approaches to TMD Pain Management Condition(s): Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: Temporomandibular disorders are characterized by pain and tenderness in the muscles of mastication and/or the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), limitations of jaw opening often accompanied by deviations in mandibular path, and clicking, popping or grating TMJ sounds. This Phase II clinical trial will evaluate whether selected complementary approaches to TMD pain management-acupuncture (n=100), chiropractic therapy (n=50), and bodywork therapy (n=50)-delivered by complementary practitioners is as effective as usual TMD care (n=50) provided by clinicians in the KPNW TMD clinic. Subjects will be 18-70 years of age and psychologically functional TMD patients. Functional TMD patients are defined as minimally impacted by their TMD condition, reporting low-moderate pain that is not associated with activity limitation, undue reliance on health care, or psychological disturbance. Subjects will be evaluated at baseline, and six and 12 months postintervention. Clinical examinations, saliva samples to assess salivary cortisol levels, and a series of questionnaires to assess pain and grade of dysfunctional pain, psychological functioning, and other physical symptoms will be used to assess outcomes. The investigators will passively monitor health care utilization within KPNW using clinical, research, and administrative databases. If these complementary interventions are shown to be effective, the goal is to design and implement a Phase III clinical trial to further evaluate the health consequences and cost of these therapies. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010621

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Efficacy of Acupuncture with Physical Therapy for Knee Osteo-Arthritis Condition(s): Osteoarthritis Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: This study will examine the efficacy of acupuncture in combination with exercise physical therapy for moderate osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below

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Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00035399 ·

Interaction Between Patient and Healthcare Provider: Response to Acupuncture in Knee Osteoarthritis Condition(s): Osteoarthritis Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS); National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: Interactions between patients and healthcare providers may have a significant impact on a patient's response to therapy. In this study, patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee will receive either acupuncture or sham acupuncture. The acupuncturists will be trained to interact with the patients in specific ways. The study will evaluate those interactions. Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00059345

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Relaxation Response with Acupuncture for HIV Patients Condition(s): Human Immunodeficiency Virus; AIDS Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: Advances in treatment has turned HIV/AIDS into a chronic illness. Relaxation response is a state in which individuals evoke a bodily calm, effecting physiological changes that are shown to be associated with improved immune functioning. acupuncture and relaxation are thought to both induce calm and deep relaxation in mind and body. This trial will study the combined effects of acupuncture and relaxation response in HIV patients. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00064740

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Sham Device, Pill Placebo or Treatment For Arm Pain Condition(s): Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Repetitive Strain Injury; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Pain Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: This study investigates the role of two active interventions and their placebo effects in randomized control trials. The study conducts two parallel trials of treatments for upper extremity pain secondary to repetitive stress disorder, including carpal tunnel syndrome. The active interventions are amitriptyline and acupuncture. The placebo are sham acupuncture device and placebo pill.

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Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00029497 ·

The Acupressure (Acupuncture Without Needles) Study Condition(s): HIV Infections Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) Purpose - Excerpt: The purpose of this study is to see whether acupressure (acupuncture using pressure applied by the hands instead of needles) can help nausea and vomiting in persons with HIV/AIDS. This is a Phase I trial (a study to evaluate effectiveness in a small number of patients). Patients will get 4 acupressure treatments and will wear acupressure wristbands for 1 week. Patients will write down all drugs they take and will make a note of when they get nausea and vomiting. They also will give written answers to different questions. No drugs will be given as part of this study. Patients will be paid for participating. Phase(s): Phase I Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00017823

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The Use of a Microdialysis/Acupuncture Needle to Assess the Local Tissue Milieu in Active and Latent Myofascial Trigger Points in the Upper Trapezius Muscle in Individuals With and Without Neck Pain Condition(s): Neck Pain Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): Warren G Magnuson Clinical Center (CC) Purpose - Excerpt: Many adults suffer from neck pain of muscle origin (myofascial pain). Treatment depends on accurate diagnosis, which is often difficult. This study proposes to enroll 30 adults (men and women, ages 21 to 65) in three groups: 1. Healthy people without neck pain who have no myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle 2. Healthy people without neck pain who have latent MTrPs as identified by palpation (touching) in the upper trapezius muscle 3. Healthy people who have had neck pain for less than three months who have active MTrPs in the upper trapezius muscle The researchers have treated myofascial pain by inserting an acupuncture needle into the tender part of the upper trapezius muscle. They theorize that the treatment works by physically disrupting the integrity of dysfunctional motor endplates in the muscle. They have devised a hollow needle whose diameter is no larger than that of an acupuncture needle. In this study, they will use the needle to draw small amounts of fluid from the muscle. They will use electrodes to compare the muscle responses of the three groups. They will analyze the chemical contents of the withdrawn fluids, such as electrolytes, muscle metabolites, inflammatory mediators, neurotransmitters, cytokines, and arachidonic acid derivatives. These substances are believed to play a critical role in the biochemistry and pathophysiology of soft tissue pain. The primary goal of the study is to learn whether this technique can successfully

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sample these chemicals, and whether the differences in amounts of these chemicals among the three groups will allow the researchers to advance understanding of the nature, diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain. Study Type: Observational Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00042276 ·

Usual Care Vs Choice of Alternative Rx: Low Back Pain Condition(s): Acute low back pain Study Status: This study is currently recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: This study compares two approaches to the management of acute low back pain: usual care (standard benefit) vs. the choice of: usual care, chiropractic, acupuncture or massage therapy (expanded benefit). 480 subjects with uncomplicated, acute low back pain will be recruited from a health maintenance organization, and randomized to either usual care (n=160) or choice of expanded benefits (n=320). Patients' preferences for individual therapies and expectations of improvement will be measured at baseline and throughout the study. Subjects randomized to the expanded benefits arm who choose chiropractic, acupuncture or massage will receive up to 10 treatments over a five-week period. Additional treatments will be available after the fifth week but will require a copayment. Treatments will be provided by licensed providers who have met strict credentialing criteria. Chiropractic, acupuncture or massage treatments will begin within 48 hours. Chiropractic, acupuncture and massage therapy scope of practice guidelines for the treatment of acute low back pain have been developed as have detailed data tracking procedures to be used at each patient visit. Symptom relief, functional status, restricted activity days, use of health care, and patient and provider satisfaction will be assessed at 2, 5,12, 26 and 52 weeks after initiation of treatment. Primary outcomes will include: 1) change in symptoms; 2) change in functional status; 3) patient satisfaction; and 4) total utilization of services associated with care for low back pain. Medical records and the HMO's cost management information system will identify use of services. It is hypothesized that patients offered their choice of expanded benefits will experience a more rapid improvement in symptoms, a faster return to baseline functional status, a decrease in utilization of conventional medical services, and will be more satisfied with their care. The study is a direct examination of the effectiveness of an insurance eligibility intervention, not a test of the efficacy of specific, non-allopathic treatment regimens. The results of this study will provide valuable information to clinicians, patients and third party payers on the relative benefits and costs of an "expanded benefits" treatment option which incorporates chiropractic, acupuncture and massage services for low back pain. Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010985

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Acupuncture in Fibromyalgia Condition(s): Fibromyalgia; Pain

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Study Status: This study is no longer recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: Fibromyalgia is the second most common rheumatic disorder, affecting approximately 8-10 million persons in the U.S., and is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and soft tissue tenderness upon examination. This study focuses on the use of acupuncture as a mode of therapy for fibromyalgia. The issues under examination are: 1) the optimal duration of treatment, 2) the independent and synergistic effects of needle placement and needle stimulation, and 3) appropriate control strategies. The proposal utilizes a randomized, blinded, sham-controlled design to achieve these aims. Subjects are randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1)active site with stimulation, 2) active site, without stimulation, 3) sham site with stimulation, and 4) sham site, without stimulation. All subjects will receive acupuncture at escalating frequency, beginning at once per week and ending at 3 times per week. This "forced titration" design allows for the detection of inter-subject differences in responsiveness to acupuncture, as well as the factors which may predict responsiveness (or lack thereof). Secondary goals of the study are to collect data on the mechanism, safety, and costeffectiveness of acupuncture in fibromyalgia, and to determine the optimal outcome measures, for a full scale research clinical trial. Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010504 ·

Acupuncture in the Treatment of Depression Condition(s): Depressive Disorders; Depression Study Status: This study is no longer recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: The current large randomized placebo-controlled trial is testing the ability of acupuncture to treat major depression. The study is unique in that treatment effects will be from the perspective of both Western psychiatry and Chinese medicine. Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010517

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Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Condition(s): Fibromyalgia Study Status: This study is no longer recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Purpose - Excerpt: Fibromyalgia (FM), one of the most common rheumatic conditions, is a condition of unknown etiology characterized by widespread muscle pain and stiffness. Treatment is generally unsatisfactory and most randomized, controlled treatment trials have been unable to demonstrate a sustained effective intervention. A single, brief trial of electroacupuncture demonstrated remarkable improvement among patients with FM,

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although lasting effects were not evaluated. Nonetheless, the recently published National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Statement on acupuncture says "musculoskeletal conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain....are conditions for which acupuncture may be beneficial". Thus, 96 patients will be recruited from a referral clinic for fatigue for a 12 week (24 treatments) trial. These patients will be randomized into 3 control groups and 1 "true" acupuncture group. The control groups will consist of a group receiving acupuncture treatment for an unrelated condition (morning sickness), a group receiving needle insertion at non-channel, non-point locations, and a "true" placebo group. This latter group will have acupuncture needle guides tapped on the skin, then needles tapped. Thus, the specific aims of this study are to 1) evaluate the short and long term efficacy and side effects of a 12 week randomized, controlled trial of bi-weekly acupuncture in the treatment of FM; 2) establish the most useful and scientifically sound control group for studies of acupuncture using FM as a model for conditions characterized by chronic pain; 3) use both subjective and objective measures of overall health and pain to determine the optimal time length of treatment; and 4) examine the concordance of allopathic and acupuncture-based measures of outcome. For the purposes of this study, subjects will be asked to complete a unique set of study measures at enrollment, at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, and then again at 1 and 6 months posttreatment. Our primary outcomes will be patient global assessment, subjective pain, and mean number of tender points. Secondary outcomes will be pain threshold, analgesic use, physician global assessment, functional status, sleep, psychological distress, and fatigue. Thus, this trial will have both immediate and longer term implications for the scientific study of acupuncture as well as the clinical care of the estimated 5 million patients with FM in the US. From a methodological point of view, the proposed trial will establish the most appropriate methods for choosing a control group should larger trials be conducted, suggest the optimum duration of treatment, and evaluate the utility of diverse allopathic and alternative outcome measures. Of equal importance, however, this research will test and potentially establish the effectiveness of acupuncture. Phase(s): Phase I Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010764 ·

Investigation of the Effect of Acupuncture Needling on Connective Tissue Using Ultrasound Elastography Condition(s): Healthy Study Status: This study is no longer recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) Purpose - Excerpt: During acupuncture treatment, acupuncture needles are inserted and manipulated until a characteristic local tissue reaction termed "de qi" is observed. De qi can be perceived by the acupuncturist in the form of "needle grasp", a mechanical gripping of the needle by the tissue. De qi is considered essential to the therapeutic effect of acupuncture. Therefore, the investigator proposes that understanding this local tissue reaction will lead to an understanding of how the therapeutic effect of acupuncture therapy arises. Specifically, it is hypothesized that needle manipulation causes winding of collagen and elastic fibers around the needle. This action induces tension in the collagen network surrounding the needling site and results in a mechanical signal that is transduced into local cells. The objective of the current work is to use ultrasound elastography, a recently developed ultrasound imaging technique, to

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visualize and quantify changes in the elastic properties of skin and subcutaneous tissue in 12 healthy human volunteers as a result of acupuncture needle manipulation. Study Type: Observational Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00005770 ·

The Efficacy of a Standardized Acupuncture Regimen and Amitriptyline Compared With Placebo as a Treatment for Pain Caused by Peripheral Neuropathy in HIVInfected Patients Condition(s): HIV Infections; Peripheral Nervous System Disease Study Status: This study is no longer recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Purpose - Excerpt: To evaluate the separate and combined efficacy of a standardized acupuncture regimen and amitriptyline on the relief of pain due to peripheral neuropathy and on the quality of life of HIV-infected patients. Both amitriptyline, an antidepressant, and acupuncture, a Chinese medical approach that uses needles to relieve pain, have been used successfully to reduce pain in some people. It is not known how effectively these approaches relieve or reduce pain in patients with peripheral neuropathy secondary to HIV infection. Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00000817

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Use of Acupuncture for Dental Pain: Testing a Model Condition(s): Tooth, Impacted Study Status: This study is no longer recruiting patients. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) Purpose - Excerpt: This study is testing the safety and effectiveness of acupuncture in controlling pain related to the removal of partially impacted mandibular third molars. acupuncture is the Chinese art of healing by inserting needles into the skin. Participants ages 18 - 40 are given an initial x-ray to determine if one lower molar is partially bony impacted. Eligible participants will then undergo standard oral surgery to remove the impacted molar. A local anesthetic will be used prior to surgery. Directly after surgery the participant will be assigned to one of three groups. Participants will not be able to select which group they are assigned. Participants will receive either real or sham (fake) acupuncture as a treatment for post-extraction pain. After the initial acupuncture treatment, participants are required to remain for six hours at the dental site to be monitored. If a participants discomfort is measured as moderate or higher then a second acupuncture treatment will be administered. All participants will be administered questionnaires during the day of surgery. Participants will also be required to complete two diaries during the seven days following surgery. On the seventh day, participants return to have stitches removed and hand in completed diaries. Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional

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Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00010972 ·

Acupuncture and Herbal Treatment of Chronic HIV Sinusitis Condition(s): HIV Infections; Sinusitis Study Status: This study is completed. Sponsor(s): Immune Enhancement Project Purpose - Excerpt: To compare Traditional Chinese Medicine versus standard antibiotic therapy consisting of pseudoephedrine ( Sudafed ) plus amoxicillin / clavulanate potassium combination ( Augmentin ) in reducing symptoms and recurrence of acute HIV-related sinusitis. Chronic sinusitis in HIV-infected individuals is a recurrent and persistent infection with potentially serious complications: it can exacerbate pulmonary disease, cause recurrences of life-threatening sepsis, and progress to central nervous system involvement. Symptoms of sinusitis in HIV patients are often refractory to aggressive Western medical management, and antibiotic intolerance can occur. Traditional Chinese Medicine consisting of acupuncture and herbal treatment may provide a low-risk, low-cost alternative to conventional antibiotic therapy. Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00002149

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Acupuncture for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Condition(s): Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Study Status: This study is completed. Sponsor(s): National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Purpose - Excerpt: This study will look at the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). People who participate in this study will have CTS that has been diagnosed by physical examination and neurological testing. We will randomly assign study participants to receive one of the three types of acupuncture either once, twice, or three times weekly for a total of 6 weeks. Acupuncturists will treat one group of patients with true acupuncture. They will give the other two groups of patients one of two alternative acupuncture treatments that do not use the true acupuncture points. The patients and evaluators will not know the type of acupuncture (True, Alternative 1, or Alternative 2) that is being used. The acupuncturists will not communicate with the patients and will not be involved in patient evaluation. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00000394

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Acupuncture to prevent postoperative bowel paralysis (paralytic ileus) Condition(s): Colostomy; Ileostomy; Bowel Cancer; Postoperative Paralytic Ileus Study Status: This study is not yet open for patient recruitment.

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Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: The purpose of this study is to determine if acupuncture is effective in preventing prolonged postoperative paralysis of the gastrointestinal tract among patients undergoing colostomy/ileostomy closure. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00065234 ·

Acupuncture vs. Placebo in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Condition(s): Irritable Bowel Syndrome Study Status: This study is not yet open for patient recruitment. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: Little is known about acupuncture's efficacy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). This trial uses a manualized acupuncture treatment format that closely follows clinical practice and allows flexibility in designing individualized treatments. In addition, a second parallel qualitative study will follow a subgroup of patients throughout the trial to explore the relationships between patients' interpretations and understandings (what anthropologists call "meaning") of irritable bowel and their response to treatment. Cortisol levels (an important stress hormone) will also be assessed. Phase(s): Phase I; Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00065403

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Efficacy of Acupuncture for Chronic Low Back Pain Condition(s): Low Back Pain Study Status: This study is not yet open for patient recruitment. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: This is a trial to clarify the extent to which acupuncture needling can diminish the effect of chronic back pain on patient functioning and symptoms. Phase(s): Phase III Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00065585

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Endometriosis : Traditional Medicine vs Hormone Therapy Condition(s): Endometriosis; Pelvic Pain Study Status: This study is not yet open for patient recruitment. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)

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Purpose - Excerpt: This 12-week study will determine whether traditional Chinese medicine (acupuncture and Chinese herbs) is as effective as hormone therapy for alleviating endometriosis-related pelvic pain. Phase(s): Phase I; Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00034047 ·

Eye Muscle Surgery to Treat Congenital Nystagmus Condition(s): Nystagmus Study Status: This study is completed. Sponsor(s): National Eye Institute (NEI) Purpose - Excerpt: This study will examine the safety and effectiveness of a new surgical procedure to correct congenital nystagmus-a disorder of eye muscle-vision-brain coordination characterized by rapid to and fro eye movements (oscillation). Nystagmus usually begins in infancy or early childhood; its effect on vision varies greatly among patients. Current treatments, such as prism glasses, acupuncture, electronic nerve stimulation, contact lenses, various drug treatments, and others have had limited success. Patients with congenital nystagmus sometimes have other eye problems as well, such as cataracts, glaucoma, astigmatism or strabismus (cross-eyes). When these patients have eye muscle surgery to correct a problem, such as strabismus, their nystagmus also improves. Researchers think that simply cutting the muscles might produce this beneficial effect. This study will test this hypothesis-the horizontal muscles of the eye will be cut and then reattached in the same position. This procedure has been tried in one sheepdog with good results. This small preliminary trial will include five adult patients with congenital nystagmus who have no other treatment options. It will evaluate the safety of the surgery and its effect on eye oscillation and vision. If the procedure is found to be safe, additional patients will be studied. Patients will have a medical history, basic physical examination, complete eye examination, and electrooculography (eye movement recordings) to determine if eligibility for the study. Those accepted into the study will undergo eye muscle surgery and followup eye examinations and electro-oculography at 1 week, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 3 years after surgery. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00001866

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Physical CAM Therapies for Chronic Low Back Pain Condition(s): Chronic Low Back Pain Study Status: This study is completed. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: This is a pilot randomized trial intended to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture, chiropractic and massage for chronic back pain in older and younger adults.

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Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00065975 ·

Prospective Studies of the Use of Self Hypnosis, Acupuncture and Osteopathic Manipulation on Muscle Tension in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy Condition(s): Spastic Cerebral Palsy Study Status: This study is not yet open for patient recruitment. Sponsor(s): National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Purpose - Excerpt: We propose to identify patients and families for inclusion in pilot studies of the three modalities. Patients and their families will be asked to participate in these studies. Our research group has done some preliminary work with the modality of hypnotherapy, but has no experience to date with the other two modalities. The idea to try relaxation techniques was generated by the observation that there is great variation in the degree to spasticity at different times in the same patient with CP. When queried, mothers responded that they were able to get their child to relax and decrease the tension in their muscles by stroking, talking softly, and/or by playing certain types of music. The availability of hypnosis and training in self-hypnosis was presented to several families of our patients. Their understanding and acceptance of this alternate therapy was gratifying. The results of this therapy have been promising and have encouraged us to proceed with this modality and to consider making other nonconventional modalities available to our patients. We hypothesize that at least one of the three modalities will be accepted readily by patients with CP and their families, and with their acceptance compliance with the method chosen will be at levels of 80 percent or more. Phase(s): Phase II Study Type: Interventional Contact(s): see Web site below Web Site: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00011024

Keeping Current on Clinical Trials The U.S. National Institutes of Health, through the National Library of Medicine, has developed ClinicalTrials.gov to provide current information about clinical research across the broadest number of diseases and conditions. The site was launched in February 2000 and currently contains approximately 5,700 clinical studies in over 59,000 locations worldwide, with most studies being conducted in the United States. ClinicalTrials.gov receives about 2 million hits per month and hosts approximately 5,400 visitors daily. To access this database, simply go to the Web site at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ and search by “acupuncture” (or synonyms). While ClinicalTrials.gov is the most comprehensive listing of NIH-supported clinical trials available, not all trials are in the database. The database is updated regularly, so clinical

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trials are continually being added. The following is a list of specialty databases affiliated with the National Institutes of Health that offer additional information on trials: ·

For clinical studies at the Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center located in Bethesda, Maryland, visit their Web site: http://clinicalstudies.info.nih.gov/

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For clinical studies conducted at the Bayview Campus in Baltimore, Maryland, visit their Web site: http://www.jhbmc.jhu.edu/studies/index.html

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For cancer trials, visit the National Cancer Institute: http://cancertrials.nci.nih.gov/

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For eye-related trials, visit and search the Web page of the National Eye Institute: http://www.nei.nih.gov/neitrials/index.htm

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For heart, lung and blood trials, visit the Web page of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/studies/index.htm

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For trials on aging, visit and search the Web site of the National Institute on Aging: http://www.grc.nia.nih.gov/studies/index.htm

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For rare diseases, visit and search the Web site sponsored by the Office of Rare Diseases: http://ord.aspensys.com/asp/resources/rsch_trials.asp

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For alcoholism, visit the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism: http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/intramural/Web_dicbr_hp/particip.htm

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For trials on infectious, immune, and allergic diseases, visit the site of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: http://www.niaid.nih.gov/clintrials/

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For trials on arthritis, musculoskeletal and skin diseases, visit newly revised site of the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health: http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/studies/index.htm

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For hearing-related trials, visit the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders: http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/clinical/index.htm

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For trials on diseases of the digestive system and kidneys, and diabetes, visit the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/patient/patient.htm

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For drug abuse trials, visit and search the Web site sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse: http://www.nida.nih.gov/CTN/Index.htm

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For trials on mental disorders, visit and search the Web site of the National Institute of Mental Health: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/studies/index.cfm

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For trials on neurological disorders and stroke, visit and search the Web site sponsored by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the NIH: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/funding/funding_opportunities.htm#Clinical_Trials

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CHAPTER 6. PATENTS ON ACUPUNCTURE Overview Patents can be physical innovations (e.g. chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment) or processes (e.g. treatments or diagnostic procedures). The United States Patent and Trademark Office defines a patent as a grant of a property right to the inventor, issued by the Patent and Trademark Office.9 Patents, therefore, are intellectual property. For the United States, the term of a new patent is 20 years from the date when the patent application was filed. If the inventor wishes to receive economic benefits, it is likely that the invention will become commercially available within 20 years of the initial filing. It is important to understand, therefore, that an inventor’s patent does not indicate that a product or service is or will be commercially available. The patent implies only that the inventor has “the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling” the invention in the United States. While this relates to U.S. patents, similar rules govern foreign patents. In this chapter, we show you how to locate information on patents and their inventors. If you find a patent that is particularly interesting to you, contact the inventor or the assignee for further information. IMPORTANT NOTE: When following the search strategy described below, you may discover non-medical patents that use the generic term “acupuncture” (or a synonym) in their titles. To accurately reflect the results that you might find while conducting research on acupuncture, we have not necessarily excluded nonmedical patents in this bibliography.

Patents on Acupuncture By performing a patent search focusing on acupuncture, you can obtain information such as the title of the invention, the names of the inventor(s), the assignee(s) or the company that owns or controls the patent, a short abstract that summarizes the patent, and a few excerpts from the description of the patent. The abstract of a patent tends to be more technical in nature, while the description is often written for the public. Full patent descriptions contain much more information than is presented here (e.g. claims, references, figures, diagrams, etc.). We will tell you how to obtain this information later in the chapter. The following is an 9Adapted

from the United States Patent and Trademark Office: http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/doc/general/whatis.htm.

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example of the type of information that you can expect to obtain from a patent search on acupuncture: ·

Acupuncture device with improved needle guide tube Inventor(s): Gavronsky, Stas; (Wayland, MA) Assignee(s): Stas Gavronsky; 39 Wayland Hills Rd. Wayland; MA; 01778; US Patent Number: 20030040767 Date filed: August 23, 2001 Abstract: An acupuncture device consists of an acupuncture needle and a guide tube having a transverse, preferably V-shaped, slot through the tube wall. This slot is formed in the upper part of the guide tube and is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube. The handle of the needle is firmly secured inside the guide tube by a small elongated stopper made of an elastic material such as plastic or thick paper which is inserted into the V-shaped slot of the guide tube and squeezes the needle handle between its end and the inner wall of the tube opposite to the V-shaped slot. As the elastic stopper fits tightly into the V-shaped slot, it supports itself in the needle-securing position. Although the friction that the stopper creates through its pressure against the handle is sufficient to secure the needle inside the tube prior to the insertion, this friction yields to the downward motion of the needle during insertion so that the stopper does not present an obstacle for the insertion of the needle. After insertion of the needle, a practitioner pulls the stopper out and removes the guide tube in a conventional manner. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to the field of needle therapy, in particular to an acupuncture device with an improved needle guide tube.... Acupuncture guide tubes are widely used in the practice of acupuncture to minimize discomfort during needle insertion. The guide tube allows quick insertion of an acupuncture needle through the epidermis. An example of a guide tube is the one shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,792,171 issued in 1998 to Burdenko, et al. Fast puncturing of the patient's skin is important for pain-free insertion. There is typically 3-5 mm clearance between the upper end of the guide tube and the top of the handle of an acupuncture needle, which protrudes above the tube. The practitioner taps on the handle of the needle downward with his/her index finger while supporting the tube with the other hand. The needle, which has been resting on the surface of the patient's skin prior to insertion, is now inserted 3-5 mm through the skin into the acupuncture point. The guide tube has a diameter, which is bigger than the diameter of the handle of the acupuncture needle. This allows the removal of the guide tube after the insertion. On one hand, the relatively big diameter of the tube, in comparison with the shaft of the needle, provides more comfort for the patient by creating mild pressure around the acupuncture point and by providing firmness to the skin around that point. This feature is important for fast, pain-free insertion. On the other hand, the relatively big diameter of the tube compromises the precision of the insertion. This is because the tip of the needle is rarely in the center of the bottom opening of the tube prior to insertion, but at the sides, leaning against the inside tubular wall. The needle then tends to take diagonal orientation in respect to the tubular longitudinal axis. The tip of the needle, which rests on the skin, is at the bottom tubular wall opposite to the handle.... The practitioner is often unaware about an exact position of the needle. Hence, the angle at which the needle is inserted into the point is unpredictable. Furthermore, when the practitioner attempts to insert a needle at sharp angles, such as on the face or head of the patient, the acupuncture needle tends to slide downward, out of the guide tube. When the needle is inserted at a sharp angle to the

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surface of the skin, a very little clearance is left between the upper portion of the tube and the handle of the needle. This makes the regular insertion technique very uncomfortable, if not impossible. Also, the clearance is too small for full penetration of the tip of the needle through the epidermis. As a result, the patient may feel more pain than is necessary. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020030040767__ ·

Acupuncture needle Inventor(s): Costa Dos Santos, Paulo de Tarso; (Munchen, DE) Assignee(s): BEYER WEAVER & THOMAS LLP; P.O. BOX 778; BERKELEY; CA; 947040778; US Patent Number: 20020173831 Date filed: June 5, 2002 Abstract: Acupuncture needle having a grasping and a puncturing end comprising a hollow needle body and a coaxially located light conducting element therein, a reception and emission surface for biophoton radiation at the distal puncturing end of the needle and a prism with a 180.degree. reflection and in light conducting contact with the light conducting element at the proximal grasping end of the needle. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to acupuncture needles. According to Chinese Medicine and recent western knowledge, acupuncture needles are placed in skin areas characterised by a particular electrical conductivity. According to findings in biophoton research these skin areas show a considerably higher biophoton emission than other skin areas. While known acupuncture needles are perfectly capable to take advantage of the electrical conductivity they are neutral or unsusceptible with respect to biophoton radiation.... U.S. Pat. No. 5,250,068 shows an acupuncture needle in which a light conduction material is comprised in a needle body in order to transmit light and/or warmth from an outer source to the puncture location of a body. This shall produce a healing effect on the body area located at the puncture point through energy coming from outside the body.... The object of the present invention is to realise an acupuncture needle capable to exploit biophoton radiation from inside the body and to restitute it to the body without exiting the acupuncture needle. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020020173831__

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Cryogenic stimulating device of acupuncture points Inventor(s): Ahn, Moon-Hwi; (Chollabuk-do, KR) Assignee(s): FROMMER LAWRENCE & HAUG; 745 FIFTH AVENUE; NEW YORK; NY; 10151; US Patent Number: 20010023364 Date filed: March 19, 2001 Abstract: The present invention relates to a cryogenic stimulating device of acupuncture points. Previous cryogenic stimulating devices of acupuncture points have limitations in maximizing the effect of lowering blood pressure since such devices do not allow the user to control the cooling temperature of the contact rod according to the individual body temperature.In order to eliminate the drawbacks of the previous cryogenic

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stimulating devices, the present invention provides a cryogenic stimulating device of acupuncture points with a temperature sensor which senses the cooling temperature of the contact rod in contact with the skin and a temperature controlling means comparing the temperature of the contact rod and the temperature set by the user and then automatically controlling the temperature of the contact rod according to the temperature set by a user to a preferred degree in consideration of his conditions. Consequently, the user can freely set a cooling temperature of the contact rod by using the present inventive cryogenic stimulating device and thus he may obtain the best effect of high blood pressure treatment. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a stimulating device of acupuncture points provided with a temperature sensor mounted on a contact rod contacting a user's skin and a temperature controlling means which enables the user to freely set the cooling temperature of the contact rod, whereby according to the difference between the temperature set by the user and that sensed by the temperature sensor the temperature of the contact rod may be automatically adjusted. Therefore, by using the present stimulating device, the user may control the temperature of the contact rod to a preferred degree to give the more effective treatment of acupuncture points in consideration of his conditions.... In general, high blood pressure treatments have been largely done with some occidental medicines (e.g. a medicine for internal use, an injection, etc.) and oriental acupuncture, etc. While, the medicines cause side effects and the oriental acupuncture requires expertness, and furthermore, these treatments cannot bring an effect in a short period.... According to the research on the acupuncture points in a human body, the inventor learned that low-temperature stimulus on acupuncture points helps high blood pressure decrease and thus the inventor have completed the present invention of the cryogenic stimulating device of acupuncture points enabling the users to treat conveniently high blood pressure, headache, fever, and the likes. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020010023364__ ·

Electro-acupuncture device Inventor(s): Gavronsky, Stas; (Wayland, MA) Assignee(s): Stas Gavronsky; 39 Wayland Hills Rd. Wayland; MA; 01778; US Patent Number: 20030153963 Date filed: February 11, 2002 Abstract: A device according to the invention is comprised of a specially designed electrode and a lead wire for use in electroacupuncture procedure to supply electric pulses to the patient's skin via acupuncture needles. The device is intended for use with a standard electric pulse generator for electro-acupuncture procedure. The electrode consists of a fin made of a thin metal plate or foil that possesses electroconductive properties, has a substantially rectangular or triangular shape and possesses rigidity in the direction of the acupuncture needle. The corners of the rectangular to triangular electrode can be rounded in order to prevent scratching of the patient's skin. The platelike electrode has a hole on one edge for connection of a lead wire from the electric pulse generator and a thickened portion on the other edge with a blind hole for insertion of the acupuncture needle. On the side opposite to the insertion of the acupuncture needle, this hole can be closed by a cap to prevent sliding of the electrode towards the patient's skin. This cap also can be conveniently used for pushing on the needle for additional manual needle stimulation. The electric connection formed by a lead wire and electrode made of a thin plate or foil makes it possible to significantly reduce the weight of the

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device and thus to prevent deformation that might be caused by heavy alligator clamps used in accordance with a conventional practice. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to the field of non-traditional medicine, in particular to acupuncture, and more specifically, to an electro-acupuncture device.... Acupuncture is a form of traditional Chinese medicine that encourages the body to heal itself naturally. It is over 5,000 years old and considered one of the most beneficial ways of restoring balance to the body. Traditional Chinese medicine doctors believe that acupuncture revitalizes our qi, the energy force that flows through the body in pathways known as meridians. Through the painless insertion of very fine needles into specific acupuncture points along the meridians, acupuncture unblocks qi and makes us less susceptible to disease, infection and stress.... Western medicine explains acupuncture's success differently. Some scientists link qi to endorphins--natural painkilling chemicals--that are released in the needling process, while other scientists believe that acupuncture stimulates muscle tissue, which then alters the nervous system and allows the body to self-heal internal organs. Recent research has also found that acupuncture relieves pain because it changes the brain's chemistry. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020030153963__ ·

Electro-acupuncture device with D-shaped stimulation electrodes Inventor(s): Giuntoli, David M. (Carlsbad, CA), Gruzdowich, Gregory J. (Carlsbad, CA), Grey, Thomas L. (Carlsbad, CA) Assignee(s): Crockett &: Crockett; 24012 Calle De La Plata, Suite 400; Laguna Hills; CA; 92653; US Patent Number: 20030004555 Date filed: June 29, 2001 Abstract: An electro-acupuncture device for controlling nausea. The device includes a wristwatch like housing, circuitry for generating electro-acupuncture stimulus disposed within the housing, and a strap for securing the housing to the wrist. The device also includes a pair of D-shaped electrodes disposed on the bottom outer surface of the housing. A gasket made of an electrically non-conductive material is applied to the bottom outer surface of the housing. The gasket has apertures which are sized and shaped to receive the D-shaped electrodes. When the device is strapped to a patient's wrist, the electrodes contact the wrist and provide electric stimulation to the wrist. Excerpt(s): The devices described below relate to the field of electro-acupuncture and non-invasive stimulation of nerves.... We have developed an electro-acupuncture or nerve stimulation device which has proven effective for the control of nausea and vomiting. The basic device is described in Bertolucci, Nausea Control Device, U.S. Pat. No. 4,981,146 (Jan. 1, 1991). The device, marketed under the trademark ReliefBand.RTM., is worn on the wrist like a wristwatch, with a watch-like housing which is positioned on the underside of the wrist. The housing has two electrodes on the inside face (the face in contact with the wrist when secured to the wrist), a battery and circuitry inside the housing, and control buttons on the outer face. A patient suffering from nausea or vomiting (from motion sickness, morning sickness, chemotherapy, or anesthesia) can strap the device onto their wrist and turn it on. When turned on, the device emits an electrical stimulation pulse over the P6 acupuncture point (corresponding to the superficial course of the meridian nerve through the wrist). Within several minutes, most patients experience a substantial relief of nausea. The

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device uses non-invasive nerve stimulation whereby electricity is passed through the electrodes to stimulate nerves located on the ventral side of the wrist (this anatomical position is sometimes referred to as the palmar side of the wrist). The treatment provided by the device is sometimes referred to as electro-acupuncture, which is a form of acupuncture, and the ventral site of application is referred to in the acupuncture art as the P6 point, pericardium 6 point, or master point of the pericardium meridian (sometimes referred to as the vascular meridian). It is also portable, self-contained and convenient to the patient. Electrical pulse repetition rate of approximately 70 pulses per second and a pulse width of 80 microseconds have been found to provide effective relief of nausea in a patient. Our currently preferred electrical pulse pattern comprises about 350 microsecond pulse width at about 31 pulses per second at power levels of about 1035 milliamps peak pulse height. Thus a wide range of pulse patterns may be used in non-invasive nerve stimulation devices.... In each of our electro-acupuncture products, the stimulation and effect are greatly enhanced if the patient applies a gel to the skin before strapping the device onto the wrist. This gel serves as an electronic to ionic current conversion layer between the electrodes and the dry outer skin layer. This electrical conduction layer, sometimes referred to as an impedance matching layer, greatly enhances the effect of the device and lowers the power requirements for the device. The patient applies the gel to the skin before strapping the device onto the wrist. The gel may be referred to as a conductivity gel or an electro-medical coupling agent. The users may use too much gel, too little gel, or apply it too infrequently. Some users may omit application of the gel, either through forgetfulness or ignorance of need to use it. Additionally, gel may be removed by water in the environment of use, such as where the device is used for seasickness on a small sail boat while the user is operating the sail boat. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020030004555__ ·

Finger pressure device for acupuncture Inventor(s): Yoo, Tae Woo; (Seoul, KR) Assignee(s): Richard M. Goldberg; Suite 419; 25 East Salem Street; Hackensack; NJ; 07601; US Patent Number: 20020128676 Date filed: December 10, 2001 Abstract: A finger pressure device for acupuncture comprising: an adhesive tape with an adhesive surface on one side; a T-pellet attached on the adhesive surface of said adhesive tape; an one-sided tape with a small hole in the center, having an adhesive surface of the same size with said adhesive tape; and a gold plate with a small hole in the center through which an end portion of said T-pellet is inserted. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a finger pressure device for acupuncture, and more particularly, to a finger pressure device for acupuncture for providing an enhanced pressure stimulation effect by the T-pellet, a scattering effect of excessive body current and promoting a fluent body current circulation effect.... A human heart creates a body current of 10 micro ampere and transmits into the whole body. If the body current is transmitted into all the organs in a good balance, the body feels good and has no disease. But in case that excessive currents are transmitted into some parts, the body might get fever, pain, inflammation and so on. Conversely, in case that some parts get short of required currents, the body might experience psychroalgia, malfunction, paralysis, blood circulation disorder, trembling, spasm and so on.... In general,

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electronic needles were used in acupuncture therapy in order to control the imbalance of body current as above. The electronic needles were helpful to control the imbalance of body currents, but sometimes cause dizziness, fatigue, fever, paralysis, hallucination, powerlessness, since these electronic needles create pretty strong currents of between minimum 100 micro ampere and maximum 800 micro ampere. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020020128676__ ·

Hydrogel and scrim assembly for use with electro-acupuncture device with stimulation electrodes Inventor(s): Wang, Benjamin W. (Carlsbad, CA), Gruzdowich, Gregory J. (Carlsbad, CA), Grey, Thomas L. (Carlsbad, CA), Giuntoli, David M. (Carlsbad, CA) Assignee(s): Crockett &: Crockett; Suite 400; 24012 Calle De La Plata; Laguna Hills; CA; 92653; US Patent Number: 20030069627 Date filed: June 29, 2001 Abstract: A hydrogel and scrim assembly adapted for use with an electro-acupuncture device to enhance electrical conduction between the device and the skin and to provide an impedance matching layer between the device and the skin. The assembly includes a scrim with conductive hydrogel masses disposed on the surface of the scrim. The hydrogel masses are sized and dimensioned so that when the pad is adapted to the device, the hydrogel masses do not bridge the electrodes to cause a short between the electrodes. Excerpt(s): The devices described below relate to the field of electro-acupuncture and non-invasive stimulation of nerves, and more particularly to hydrogels for application adhesively between electrodes and a patient's skin to provide electrical contact therewith.... We have developed an electro-acupuncture device which has proven effective for the control of nausea and vomiting. The device, marketed under the trademark Relief-Band@, is worn on the wrist like a wristwatch, with a watch-like housing which is positioned on the underside of the wrist. The device is described in Bertolucci, Nausea Control Device, U.S. Pat. No. 4,981,146 (Jan. 1, 1991), and in our copending application Electro-Acupuncture Device with Stimulation Electrode Assembly, filed Nov. 22, 2000, and incorporated herein in its entirety. The housing has two electrodes on the inside face (the face in contact with the wrist when secured to the wrist), a battery and circuitry inside the housing, and control buttons on the outer face. A patient suffering from nausea or vomiting (from motion sickness, morning sickness, chemotherapy, or anesthesia) can strap the device onto their wrist and turn it on. When turned on, the device emits an electrical stimulation pulse over the P6 acupuncture point (corresponding to the superficial course of the meridian nerve through the wrist). Within several minutes, most patients experience a substantial relief of nausea. The device uses non-invasive nerve stimulation whereby electricity is passed through two electrodes to stimulate nerves located on the ventral side of the wrist (this anatomical position is sometimes referred to as the palmar side of the wrist). The treatment provided by the device is sometimes referred to as electro-acupuncture, which is a form of acupuncture, and the ventral site of application is referred to in the acupuncture art as the P6 point, pericardium 6 point, or master point of the pericardium meridian (sometimes referred to as the vascular meridian). A primary object of the invention is to provide a non-chemical, non-invasive, painless and inexpensive method of alleviating nausea. The device is also portable, self-contained and convenient to the patient.

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Electrical pulse repetition rate of approximately 70 pulses per second and a pulse width of 80 microseconds has been found to provide effective relief of nausea in a patient. Our currently preferred electrical pulse pattern comprises about 350 microsecond pulse width at about 31 pulses per second at power levels of about 10-35 milli-amps peak pulse height. Thus a wide range of pulse patterns may be used in non-invasive nerve stimulation devices.... The stimulation and effect of our electro-acupuncture products are greatly enhanced if a conductive gel is used in conjunction with the electroacupuncture device. This gel serves as an electronic to ionic current conversion layer (or an impedance matching layer) between the electrodes and the dry outer skin layer. This electrical conduction layer, sometimes referred to as an impedance matching layer, greatly enhances the effect of the device and lowers the power requirements for the device. The patient applies the gel to the skin before strapping the device onto the wrist. The gel may be referred to as a conductivity gel or an electro-medical coupling agent. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020030069627__ ·

Implantable electro-acupuncture device Inventor(s): Malaney, James; (Iowa City, IA), Nelson, Randy; (Pine Springs, MN) Assignee(s): DORSEY & WHITNEY LLP; INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DEPARTMENT; 50 SOUTH SIXTH STREET; MINNEAPOLIS; MN; 55402-1498; US Patent Number: 20030078642 Date filed: February 7, 2002 Abstract: Improved implantable devices for electro-acupuncture are described. The devices include a flexible conductor electrode, an anchor fixation for preventing motion of the device in tissue after implantation, and/or a sealed, liquid-impermeable housing. Excerpt(s): The technical field of this invention is electro-stimulation of tissue in vivo for therapeutic purposes.... The use of acupuncture to relieve pain and produce other therapeutic results has been common in certain cultures for many years, but only recently has this practice gained a significant following in the United States. The increased recognition of the utility of acupuncture in medicine has led to new forms of acupuncture therapy such as electro-acupuncture, in which the acupuncture needle is connected to a power source to deliver an electric current to an acupuncture point. Electro-acupuncture has the potential to combine the benefits of conventional acupuncture with the advantages of electrical nerve stimulation.... Such new acupuncture practices require the development of devices and methods suitable for safe, reliable delivery of an electric current via an implantable needle. Implantable electroacupuncture devices have been described (e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,094,242 and 5,211,175 to Gleason et al.). However, although these devices solve many of the problems associated with prior art devices for electrical stimulation, they may not be suitable for long-term implantation due to the possibility that their needles will move or shift within tissue, thereby removing the needles from the desired site of electrical stimulation over time. Moreover, the relatively inflexible needle of previous devices may not be able to accommodate a full range of tissue motion, with the accompanying risk of metal fatigue and eventual fracture of the needle or other device components, and possible damage to surrounding tissue. Furthermore, prior art devices often fail due to corrosion or shortcircuits that occur as a result of the infiltration of body fluids into the device over time. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020030078642__

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Thermal acupuncture and moxibustion device Inventor(s): Tai, Chih-Ho; (Taipei, TW) Assignee(s): VARNUM, RIDDERING, SCHMIDT & HOWLETT LLP; P.O. BOX 352; GRAND RAPIDS; MI; 49501; US Patent Number: 20020143374 Date filed: April 3, 2001 Abstract: A thermal acupuncture and moxibustion device is disclosed. A dosage detection unit decodes and analyzes signals from a temperature sensor. A buffering amplifier amplifies signals from the dosage detection unit. An analog/digital converting unit converts the amplified signals into digital signals. A microcomputer operation unit determines a desired dosage from the digital signals based on a dosage control software, and sends out pulse signals representing the desired dosage. A thermal acupuncture and moxibustion digital/analog signal amplifier converts the pulse signals into analog signals and amplifies the same. A thermal acupuncture and moxibustion driving unit drives a heating wire so as to adjust the temperature of the thermal acupuncture and moxibustion unit. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a thermal acupuncture and moxibustion device which has an acupuncture and moxibustion unit, and a temperature control circuit for supplying electrical power to the acupuncture and moxibustion unit to increase the temperature, so as to treat the human body with a thermal acupuncture and moxibustion device.... In the acupuncture and moxibustion therapy of the traditional Chinese medical skill, it is known to use acupuncture needles with burning moxa or to directly use burning moxa cones to press on the acupuncture points of the human body, thereby treating the human body. However, such a thermal acupuncture and moxibustion therapy may have the side effects of causing a burn injury and producing a scar. From the viewpoint of modern science, there are no constant scientific parameters provided for controlling the strength, duration, and temperature of the acupuncture stimulation. Nevertheless, based on the historical experiences of ancient China, the thermal acupuncture and moxibustion therapy does provide a satisfactory curative effect, and has a low medical treatment cost due to its widespread use. Therefore, it is desired to provide a correct and constant mode to perform the thermal acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for conveniently achieving the curative effect.... Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a thermal acupuncture and moxibustion device capable of controlling the strength, duration, and temperature of the acupuncture stimulation, so as to achieve an excellent curative effect in a convenient manner. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020020143374__

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T-pellet for acupuncture Inventor(s): Yoo, Tae Woo; (Seoul, KR) Assignee(s): Richard M. Goldberg; Suite 419; 25 East Salem Street; Hackensack; NJ; 07601; US Patent Number: 20020099403 Date filed: April 19, 2001 Abstract: A T-pellet for acupuncture comprising: an adhesive tape with an adhesive surface on one side; a ring of a T-pellet to be attached on the adhesive surface of said

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adhesive tape; and a gold plate with a small hole in the center to be inserted by the end portion of said T-pellet. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a T-pellet for acupuncture, and more particularly, to a T-pellet for acupuncture for providing an enhanced pressure stimulation effect by the T-pellet, a scattering effect of excessive body current and promoting a fluent body current circulation effect.... A human heart creates a body current of 10 micro ampere and transmits into the whole body. If the body current is transmitted into all the organs in a good balance, the body feels good and has no disease. But in case that excessive currents are transmitted into some parts, the body might get fever, pain, inflammation and so on. Conversely, in case that some parts get short of required currents, the body might experience psychroalgia, malfunction, paralysis, blood circulation disorder, trembling, spasm and so on.... In general, electronic needles were used in acupuncture therapy in order to control the imbalance of body current as above. The electronic needles were helpful to control the imbalance of body currents, but sometimes cause dizziness, fatigue, fever, paralysis, hallucination, powerlessness, since these electronic needles create pretty strong currents of between minimum 100 micro ampere and maximum 800 micro ampere. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US020020099403__

Keeping Current In order to stay informed about patents and patent applications dealing with acupuncture, you can access the U.S. Patent Office archive via the Internet at the following Web address: http://www.uspto.gov/main/patents.htm. Under “Services,” click on “Search Patents.” You will see two broad options: (1) Patent Grants, and (2) Patent Applications. To see a list of granted patents, perform the following steps: Under “Patent Grants,” click “Quick Search.” Then, type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “Term 1” box. After clicking on the search button, scroll down to see the various patents which have been granted to date on acupuncture. You can also use this procedure to view pending patent applications concerning acupuncture. Simply go back to the following Web address: http://www.uspto.gov/main/patents.htm. Under “Services,” click on “Search Patents.” Select “Quick Search” under “Patent Applications.” Then proceed with the steps listed above.

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CHAPTER 7. BOOKS ON ACUPUNCTURE Overview This chapter provides bibliographic book references relating to acupuncture. In addition to online booksellers such as www.amazon.com and www.bn.com, excellent sources for book titles on acupuncture include the Combined Health Information Database and the National Library of Medicine. Your local medical library also may have these titles available for loan.

Book Summaries: Federal Agencies The Combined Health Information Database collects various book abstracts from a variety of healthcare institutions and federal agencies. To access these summaries, go directly to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. You will need to use the “Detailed Search” option. To find book summaries, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer. For the format option, select “Monograph/Book.” Now type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this database which is updated every three months. The following is a typical result when searching for books on acupuncture: ·

Chinese Medicine: The Role of Acupuncture and Herbs. First International Conference on Traditional and Complementary Therapies in the Prevention and Treatment of AIDS; Washington, D.C., February Contact: Institute for Learning Mastery, PO Box 314, Baltimore, MD, 21203, (410) 3667373. Summary: This sound recording presentation given at the First International Conference on Traditional and Complementary Therapies in the Prevention and Treatment of AIDS, held in Washington, D.C. on February 17 - 19, 1989, deals with the role of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine in controlling the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The speaker begins by explaining how to find such a therapist in the United States. Chinese medicine is a way of looking at health. Meditation, acupuncture, herbs, and massage are some of the techniques used by its practitioners. Acupuncture and herbs do not cure, but they enhance the immune system. They work as a complementary therapy to Western methods and the two

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together make AIDS and HIV manageable chronic viral infections. Several acupuncture patients describe their experiences and the speaker tells the story of her own successful recovery from paralysis because of acupuncture.

Book Summaries: Online Booksellers Commercial Internet-based booksellers, such as Amazon.com and Barnes&Noble.com, offer summaries which have been supplied by each title’s publisher. Some summaries also include customer reviews. Your local bookseller may have access to in-house and commercial databases that index all published books (e.g. Books in PrintÒ). IMPORTANT NOTE: Online booksellers typically produce search results for medical and non-medical books. When searching for “acupuncture” at online booksellers’ Web sites, you may discover non-medical books that use the generic term “acupuncture” (or a synonym) in their titles. The following is indicative of the results you might find when searching for “acupuncture” (sorted alphabetically by title; follow the hyperlink to view more details at Amazon.com): ·

100 Diseases Treated by Single Point of Acupuncture Moxibustion by Cheng Decheng; ISBN: 7119027441; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119027441/icongroupinterna

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A Consumers Guide to Alternative Medicine: A Close Look at Homeopathy, Acupuncture, Faith-Healing, and Other Unconventional Treatments by Kurt Butler, Stephen Barrett (Editor) (1992); ISBN: 0879757337; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0879757337/icongroupinterna

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A Manual of Acupuncture by Peter Deadman, et al (1998); ISBN: 0951054678; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0951054678/icongroupinterna

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A Study of Daoist Acupuncture & Moxibustion by Cheng-Tsai Liu, et al; ISBN: 189184508X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/189184508X/icongroupinterna

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Acupressure Acupuncture Without Needles by C. V. Cerney; ISBN: 0346123518; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0346123518/icongroupinterna

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Acupressure and Electro Acupuncture for Pa by Kurt W Donsbach (Author); ISBN: 0866640517; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0866640517/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture by Marie Cargill (Author); ISBN: 0275948811; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0275948811/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture by Marc Duke; ISBN: 0515093033; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0515093033/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture by Michael Nightingale; ISBN: 0356209989; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0356209989/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture & Moxibustion Formulas & Treatments by Dan'An Cheng (Translator), et al; ISBN: 0936185686; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0936185686/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture (TCM Study Guide Series) by Shi Cun Wu; ISBN: 1928537022; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1928537022/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture : a summary for the layperson by S. A. Sullivan; ISBN: 0964914905; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0964914905/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Body Energies by McGarey Wa; ISBN: 0890190321; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0890190321/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Moxibustion by David Tai (1987); ISBN: 0397445644; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0397445644/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Practical Traditional Chinese Medicine & Pharmacology) by Geng Junying, Su Zhihong; ISBN: 7800051153; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7800051153/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Moxibustion: A Handbook for the Barefoot Doctors of China by China Hopei; ISBN: 0805204768; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0805204768/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Laws : 2001 Edition; ISBN: 0967026253; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0967026253/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Laws: 1999 Edition by Barbara B. Mitchell (1999); ISBN: 0967026202; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0967026202/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Related Techniques in Physical Therapy by Val Hopwood (Editor), et al; ISBN: 0443055939; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443055939/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and the Life Energies by Sidney Rose-Neil; ISBN: 0882311212; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0882311212/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and Yoga: A Drugless Treatment of Disease by Hans Vosmer (1994); ISBN: 1857561767; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1857561767/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and You: A New Approach to Treatment, Based on the Ancient Method of Healing. by Louis. Moss; ISBN: 0236310240; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0236310240/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture and your health by Stanley DuBrin; ISBN: 0884912027; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0884912027/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture Case Histories from China by Chen Jirui, Nissi Wang (1988); ISBN: 0939616076; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0939616076/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture Energetics: Diagnostics and Treatment by Mark D. Seem (1991); ISBN: 0892814357; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892814357/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture Explained by Ann Bailey (Narrator) (1997); ISBN: 1889643076; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1889643076/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture for Everyone by Ruth Lever; ISBN: 0140088342; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0140088342/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture for Everyone: What It Is, Why It Works, and How It Can Help You by Dr. Ruth Kidson, Ruth, Dr. Kidson (2001); ISBN: 0892818999; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892818999/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture for Physicians by Teruo Matsumoto; ISBN: 039802958X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/039802958X/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture for the Practitioner by Luc, M.D., Ph.D., Lic.Ac., C.Hom., D.I.Hom De Schepper; ISBN: 0961473401; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0961473401/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture Imaging: Perceiving the Energy Pathways of the Body: A Guide for Practitioners and Their Patients by Mark D. Seem (1990); ISBN: 089281375X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/089281375X/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in Gynecology and Obstetrics: An Essential Guide for Practitioners and Students by Royston, Ph.D. Low; ISBN: 0722521081; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0722521081/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in Midwifery by Sharon Yelland (1997); ISBN: 1898507406; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1898507406/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in Practice by Luc De Shepper (1990); ISBN: 0942501039; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0942501039/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in Practice: Beyond Points and Meridians by Anthony Campbell; ISBN: 075065242X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/075065242X/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in Practice: Case History Insights From the West by Hugh MacPherson (Editor), Ted J. Kaptchuk (Editor); ISBN: 044305049X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/044305049X/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in Pregnancy and Childbirth by Zita West, et al (2001); ISBN: 0443061386; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443061386/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in the Treatment of Children (3rd Edition) by Julian Scott, Teresa Barlow; ISBN: 0939616300; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0939616300/icongroupinterna

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Acupuncture in the Treatment of Depression: A Manual for Practice and Research by Rosa N., Diplac Schnyer, et al; ISBN: 0443071314; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443071314/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Made Easy by Poul Hwang; ISBN: 0914322028; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0914322028/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Made Easy by Acupuncture Research; ISBN: 0685709353; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0685709353/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Medicine by Yoshiaki Omura; ISBN: 0870404911; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0870404911/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Medicine : Its Historical and Clinical Background by Yoshiaki Omura (Author) (2003); ISBN: 0486428508; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0486428508/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Patterns and Practice by Li Xuemei, Xuemei Li; ISBN: 0939616165; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0939616165/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Physical Medicine (2002); ISBN: 1891845136; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1891845136/icongroupinterna

Books 337

·

Acupuncture Point Combinations: the Key to Clinical Success by Jeremy Ross; ISBN: 0443050066; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443050066/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Points: Images and Functions by Arnie Lade (2011); ISBN: 0939616084; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0939616084/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Risk Management - The Essential Practice Standards & by David C. Kailin, David C., L.Ac., M.P.H. Kailin (1998); ISBN: 1891426001; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1891426001/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture therapy by Mary Austin; ISBN: 0882310003; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0882310003/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Therapy; ISBN: 0877220255; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0877220255/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Therapy: Current Chinese Practice by Leong T. Tan; ISBN: 0877220646; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0877220646/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Treatment for Musculoskeletal Pain: A Textbook for Orthopaedics, Anesthesia, and Rehabilitation by Harris, MD Gellman; ISBN: 9057025167; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/9057025167/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture vitality & revival points by Denis Lawson-Wood; ISBN: 085032128X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/085032128X/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture With Your Fingers: An 18-Point Healing System by Ralph Alan Dale (1998); ISBN: 1877589012; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1877589012/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Without Needles by J. V. Cerney, Dr. J.V. Cerney; ISBN: 0735200351; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0735200351/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture Without Needles; ISBN: 013003830X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/013003830X/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture, Expertise and Cross-Cultural Medicine (Science, Technology and Medicine in Modern History) by Roberta E. Bivins (2001); ISBN: 0333918932; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0333918932/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture, Meridian Theory and Acupuncture Points by Li Ding; ISBN: 7119004050; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119004050/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture, Trigger Points and Musculoskeletal Pain: A Scientific Approach to Acupuncture for Use by Doctors and Physiotherapists in the Diagnosis A by P. E. Baldry (1993); ISBN: 0443045801; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443045801/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: A Comprehensive Text by Chen Chiu Hseuh; ISBN: 0939616009; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0939616009/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: A Layman's View by Lucille Leong; ISBN: 0451061675; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0451061675/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: A Scientific Appraisal by Edzard Ernst (Editor), Adrian White (Editor); ISBN: 0750641630; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750641630/icongroupinterna

338 Acupuncture

·

Acupuncture: An Introductory Guide to the Technique and Its Benefits by Michael Nightingale, Shaun Williams (Illustrator); ISBN: 0091815185; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0091815185/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Cure of Many Diseases by Felix Mann, Aldous Huxley (Designer) (1992); ISBN: 0750607009; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750607009/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Efficacy, Safety and Practice; ISBN: 9058231631; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/9058231631/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Energy Balancing for Body, Mind and Spirit ("Health Essentials" Series) by Peter Mole; ISBN: 1862040435; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1862040435/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know but Were Afraid to Ask by Gary F. Fleischman, Charles Stein (1998); ISBN: 1886449090; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1886449090/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: From Ancient Art to Modern Medicine by Alexander Macdonald; ISBN: 0046160264; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0046160264/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: How It Works, How It Cures by Peter Firebrace, Sandra Hill (1994); ISBN: 0879836393; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0879836393/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Is there a physiological basis? by Akio Sato (Editor), et al; ISBN: 0444508880; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0444508880/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Its Place in Western Medical Science (Alternative Therapies) by George T. Lewith (1999); ISBN: 1854250914; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1854250914/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Restoring the Body's Healing Energy (New Ways to Health) by Peter Firebrace, Sonia Lopez; ISBN: 0517571498; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0517571498/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Techniques for Successful Point Selection by Royston H. Low (2001); ISBN: 075064852X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/075064852X/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: the ancient Chinese art of healing by Felix Mann; ISBN: 0433203072; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0433203072/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: The Ancient Chinese Art of Healing and How It Works Scientifically by Felix Mann (1973); ISBN: 0394717279; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0394717279/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Treatments of Musculoskeletal Conditions by Christopher M. Norris; ISBN: 0750651733; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750651733/icongroupinterna

·

Acupuncture: Visible Holism, an Original Interpretation of Acupuncture from Root to Tip by Xinghua Bai, et al (2001); ISBN: 0750645393; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750645393/icongroupinterna

Books 339

·

Acupuncture-Moxibustion (Traditional Chinese Medicine for Overseas Advanced Students: Chinese/English edition) by Li Daosheng, Shi Min; ISBN: 7117031891; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7117031891/icongroupinterna

·

Advanced Modern Chinese Acupuncture Therapy (A Practical Handbook for Intermediate and Advanced Study) by Ganglin Yin, Zhenghua Liu; ISBN: 7800055582; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7800055582/icongroupinterna

·

An Introduction to Acupuncture by Johannes, MD Bischko (1985); ISBN: 383040610X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/383040610X/icongroupinterna

·

An Introduction to Ear Acupuncture by Axel Rubach (Editor); ISBN: 3131252510; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3131252510/icongroupinterna

·

An Outline of Chinese Acupuncture by Peking Staff Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; ISBN: 0317315501; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0317315501/icongroupinterna

·

Atlas of Acupuncture: Points and Meridians in Relation to Surface Anatomy by Felix Mann (1966); ISBN: 0750616784; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750616784/icongroupinterna

·

Atlas of Ear Acupuncture by Beate, MD Strittmatter (2003); ISBN: 1588900932; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1588900932/icongroupinterna

·

Auriculotherapy Manual: Chinese and Western Systems of Ear Acupuncture by Terry Oleson; ISBN: 0443071624; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443071624/icongroupinterna

·

Basics of Acupuncture by Gabriel Stux, et al; ISBN: 3540442731; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3540442731/icongroupinterna

·

Celestial Lancets: A History and Rationale of Acupuncture and Moxa (Needham Research Institute Series, 1) by Lu Gwei-Djen, et al (2002); ISBN: 0700714588; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0700714588/icongroupinterna

·

Character and Health: The Relationship of Acupuncture and Psychology by Yves Requena, et al (1989); ISBN: 0912111232; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912111232/icongroupinterna

·

Chasing the Dragon's Tail: The Theory and Practice of Acupuncture in the Work of Yoshio Manaka by Yoshio Manaka, Stephen Birch (1995); ISBN: 0912111321; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912111321/icongroupinterna

·

Chen Chiu-The Original Acupuncture: A New Healing Paradigm by Claus C. Schnorrenberger (2004); ISBN: 0861711378; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0861711378/icongroupinterna

·

Chinese Acupuncture by George Soulie De Morant, et al (1996); ISBN: 0912111313; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912111313/icongroupinterna

·

Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Revised Edition) by Cheng Xinnong (Editor), Cheng Kinnong; ISBN: 7119017586; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119017586/icongroupinterna

·

Chinese Auricular Acupuncture by Skya Abbate (2003); ISBN: 0849320526; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0849320526/icongroupinterna

·

Chinese Medicine: Acupuncture, Herbal Remedies, Nutrition, Qigong and Meditation for Total Health by Tom Williams; ISBN: 1862040656; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1862040656/icongroupinterna

340 Acupuncture

·

Chinese Micro-Massage: Acupuncture Without Needles by Jacques A. Lavier; ISBN: 0722503628; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0722503628/icongroupinterna

·

Chopsticks Acupuncture: The Ultimate Treatment Technique by Shmuel Halevi (2003); ISBN: 1553956109; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1553956109/icongroupinterna

·

Clinical Acupuncture by Anton Jayasuriya; ISBN: 8170213487; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/8170213487/icongroupinterna

·

Clinical Acupuncture: A Practical Japanese Approach by Katsusuke Serizawa, et al; ISBN: 0870407821; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0870407821/icongroupinterna

·

Clinical Acupuncture: Scientific Basis by Gabriel Stux (Editor), et al (2001); ISBN: 3540640541; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3540640541/icongroupinterna

·

Clinical Manual of Chinese Herbal Medicine and Acupuncture by Zhong Ying Zhou; ISBN: 0443051283; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443051283/icongroupinterna

·

Clinical Wonders of Acupuncture-Moxibustion by Zheng Qiwei, Qian Chunyi (2002); ISBN: 7119029827; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119029827/icongroupinterna

·

Color Atlas of Acupuncture: Body Points, Ear Points, Trigger Points by Hans-Ulrich Hecker, et al (2001); ISBN: 0865779384; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0865779384/icongroupinterna

·

Complete Acupuncture; ISBN: 1886649286; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1886649286/icongroupinterna

·

Complete Idiot's Guide to Acupuncture and Acupressure by David W. Sollars, Daniel D. Seitz; ISBN: 0028639421; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0028639421/icongroupinterna

·

Contemporary Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture by Claire Cassidy, et al; ISBN: 0443065896; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443065896/icongroupinterna

·

Coretext of Acupuncture by Kuei-Ming Wu (1998); ISBN: 0966929802; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0966929802/icongroupinterna

·

Do-It-Yourself Shiatsu: How to Perform the Ancient Japanese Art of "Acupuncture Without Needles" by Wataru Ohashi, et al (1992); ISBN: 0140193510; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0140193510/icongroupinterna

·

Ear acupuncture; the complete text by the Nanking army ear acupuncture team; ISBN: 0878570780; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0878570780/icongroupinterna

·

ECIWO biology and medicine : a new theory of conquering cancer and a completely new acupuncture therapy by Ying-ch°ing Chang; ISBN: 7204001362; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7204001362/icongroupinterna

·

Effective Points Therapy of Acupuncture by Mao Qunhui, Guo Xiaozong; ISBN: 7119021281; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119021281/icongroupinterna

Books 341

·

Esoteric Acupuncture : Gateway to Expanded Healing by Mikio Sankey; ISBN: 096706371X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/096706371X/icongroupinterna

·

Esoteric Acupuncture: Gateway to Expanded Healing, Volume I by Mikio Sankey; ISBN: 0967063701; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0967063701/icongroupinterna

·

Essentials of Chinese Acupuncture by Beijing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; ISBN: 7119002406; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119002406/icongroupinterna

·

Everything You Want to Know About Acupuncture: Information for the General Public by Tiong-Hung Ling (1985); ISBN: 0918464684; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0918464684/icongroupinterna

·

Eye Acupuncture Therapy by Zhao Xin (1997); ISBN: 7507713644; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7507713644/icongroupinterna

·

Fighting Drug Abuse With Acupuncture: The Treatment That Works by Ellinor R. Mitchell; ISBN: 1881896129; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1881896129/icongroupinterna

·

Finger Acupressure: Treatment for Many Common Ailments from Insomnia to Impotence by Using Fingermassage on Acupuncture Points by Pedro Chan (1995); ISBN: 0345459741; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0345459741/icongroupinterna

·

Finger Acupressure: Treatment for Many Common Ailments from Migraine to Insomnia by Using Finger Massage on Acupuncture Points by Pedro Chan; ISBN: 0843103442; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0843103442/icongroupinterna

·

Foot Acupuncture Therapy by Zhao Xin (1997); ISBN: 7507712915; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7507712915/icongroupinterna

·

From Acupuncture to Yoga; ISBN: 0133308375; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0133308375/icongroupinterna

·

From Acupuncture to Yoga by Brent Hafen; ISBN: 0133308456; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0133308456/icongroupinterna

·

Fundamentals of Chinese Acupuncture by Nigel Wiseman (Contributor), et al (1991); ISBN: 091211133X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/091211133X/icongroupinterna

·

Galaxies of Life: The Human Aura in Acupuncture and Kirlian Photography (Social Change Series) by Acupuncture, and Western Hemisphere Conference on Kirlian Photography (Photographer), et al (1974); ISBN: 0677154801; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0677154801/icongroupinterna

·

Golden Needle Wang Le-ting: A 20th Century Master's Approach to Acupuncture by Yu Hui-Chan, et al; ISBN: 0936185783; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0936185783/icongroupinterna

·

Guide to Acupuncture by Peter Firebrace, Sandra Hill; ISBN: 0094722706; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0094722706/icongroupinterna

·

Hand Acupuncture Therapy by Zhao Xin, et al (1997); ISBN: 750771375X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/750771375X/icongroupinterna

342 Acupuncture

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Handbook of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Conditions by Lu Shaojie (2002); ISBN: 1901149005; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1901149005/icongroupinterna

·

Handbook of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Nervous System Disorders by Lu Shaojie (2002); ISBN: 1901149013; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1901149013/icongroupinterna

·

Handbook of Medical Acupuncture by Frank Z. Warren; ISBN: 0442291981; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0442291981/icongroupinterna

·

Holding the Tiger's Tail: An Acupuncture Techniques Manual in the Treatment of Disease by Skya Gardner-Abbate, Skya Abbate (1996); ISBN: 0962862010; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0962862010/icongroupinterna

·

Hypnosis Acupuncture and Pain by Maurice M. Tinterow, Jon Sward (1989); ISBN: 094233308X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/094233308X/icongroupinterna

·

Illustrated Acupuncture Chart by Michael Spatuzzi; ISBN: 061511413X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/061511413X/icongroupinterna

·

In the Footsteps of the Yellow Emperor: Tracing the History of Traditional Acupuncture by Peter Eckman (1996); ISBN: 0835125807; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0835125807/icongroupinterna

·

Incredible Healing Needles: A Laymans Guide to Chinese Acupuncture by Denis Lawson, Joyce Wood; ISBN: 0877282986; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0877282986/icongroupinterna

·

Intermediate Acupuncture by Johannes Bischko, Alexander C Meng; ISBN: 3776008881; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3776008881/icongroupinterna

·

Introduction To Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine by Verena Johanna Smith; ISBN: 1893565009; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1893565009/icongroupinterna

·

Introduction to acupuncture anesthesia by William C. Lowe; ISBN: 0874887534; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0874887534/icongroupinterna

·

Introduction to Medical Acupuncture by Jacqueline Filshie (2003); ISBN: 0443071772; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443071772/icongroupinterna

·

Introduction to western acupuncture by Marguerette E. Davis; ISBN: 0701801298; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0701801298/icongroupinterna

·

Is Acupuncture for You? by J. R. Worsley; ISBN: 0060696907; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0060696907/icongroupinterna

·

Japanese Acupuncture: A Clinical Guide by Stephen Birch, et al (1998); ISBN: 0912111429; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912111429/icongroupinterna

·

Japanese Classical Acupuncture: Introduction to Meridian Therapy by Shudo Denmei (1990); ISBN: 0939616114; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0939616114/icongroupinterna

·

Lost Secrets of Ayurvedic Acupuncture by Dr. Frank Ros (1998); ISBN: 0914955128; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0914955128/icongroupinterna

Books 343

·

Master Tong's Acupuncture: An Ancient Alternative Style in Modern Clinical Practice by Miriam Lee (Translator), Ching-Ch'ang Tung (1992); ISBN: 0936185376; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0936185376/icongroupinterna

·

Medical Acupuncture: A Western Scientific Approach by Marcus Filshie, et al; ISBN: 0443049769; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443049769/icongroupinterna

·

Meridians of Acupuncture by Felix Mann (1999); ISBN: 043320303X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/043320303X/icongroupinterna

·

Microsystem Acupuncture by Jeffrey Carnett, Dorothy Lee (Illustrator) (2000); ISBN: 0595143806; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0595143806/icongroupinterna

·

Modern Chinese Acupuncture (1984); ISBN: 0722509243; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0722509243/icongroupinterna

·

Modern Chinese Acupuncture by N.R. Lewith, G.T. Lewith (1984); ISBN: 0722506627; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0722506627/icongroupinterna

·

Modern Practical Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Ji Xiaoping, et al (1996); ISBN: 7030050185; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7030050185/icongroupinterna

·

More than herbs and acupuncture by E. Grey Dimond; ISBN: 039306400X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/039306400X/icongroupinterna

·

Moxibustion: Its Principles and Practice (A Guide to the Therapeutic Application of Heat to Acupuncture Points) by Roger Newman and Low, Royston Turner; ISBN: 0722515391; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0722515391/icongroupinterna

·

Myths and Facts About Acupuncture: A Key to Understanding by Christina, Md. Stemmler (2001); ISBN: 1931564000; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1931564000/icongroupinterna

·

Natural Medicine for Arthritis: The Best Alternative Methods for Relieving Pain and Stiffness: From Food & Herbs to Acupuncture & Homeopathy by Glenn S. Rothfeld, et al (1996); ISBN: 0875962874; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0875962874/icongroupinterna

·

Neuro-Acupuncture, Volume 1: Neuroscience Basics by Zang Hee Cho Ph.D., et al; ISBN: 0970645511; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0970645511/icongroupinterna

·

Organizational Acupuncture [DOWNLOAD: ADOBE READER] by Mark N. Clemente (2002); ISBN: B00006SFX6; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B00006SFX6/icongroupinterna

·

Pediatric Acupuncture by May Loo; ISBN: 0443070326; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443070326/icongroupinterna

·

Plain Talk About Acupuncture by Ellinor R. Mitchell, Ray Gordon (Illustrator) (1987); ISBN: 0961791802; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0961791802/icongroupinterna

·

Pressure Points: Do It Yourself Acupuncture Without Needles by Keith, M.D. Kenyon, Paul Winchell (Illustrator); ISBN: 0668043334; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0668043334/icongroupinterna

344 Acupuncture

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Principles and Practice of Physiologic Acupuncture by George A. Ulett (1982); ISBN: 0875273092; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0875273092/icongroupinterna

·

Principles of Ear Acupuncture: Microsystem of the Auricle by Axel Rubach, et al; ISBN: 0865779376; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0865779376/icongroupinterna

·

Q-Puncture Acupuncture made simple by Hansen Lee MD (Editor), Yeung Kwon (Editor); ISBN: 0970645503; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0970645503/icongroupinterna

·

Reinventing Acupuncture: A New Concept of Ancient Medicine by Felix Mann; ISBN: 0750648570; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750648570/icongroupinterna

·

Remove Pain: Physical and Emotional With Energy Psychology by Tapping on Acupuncture Points by Robert Elias Najemy (2003); ISBN: 1403380368; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1403380368/icongroupinterna

·

Scalp Acupuncture and Clinical Cases by Jiao Shunfa; ISBN: 711901806X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/711901806X/icongroupinterna

·

Science of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Textbook for TCM Higher Education) by Sun Guojie, Wang Hua (Editor); ISBN: 7307023172; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7307023172/icongroupinterna

·

Science of Happiness, Acupuncture-How & Why It Works On Aging, Pain & Inflammation(TM) by Anuthep Benja-Athon, Christopher A.L. Cox; ISBN: 0970658001; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0970658001/icongroupinterna

·

Secrets to Prosperity of the Acupuncture Clinic by Hirohisa Oda; ISBN: 0972409505; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0972409505/icongroupinterna

·

Sexual Acupuncture by Frank Z. Warren, Walter I. Fischman; ISBN: 0525044353; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0525044353/icongroupinterna

·

ShenProfessional - Software for Acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine by Jurgen Bschaden, Jürgen Bschaden; ISBN: 3540149120; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3540149120/icongroupinterna

·

Simple Guide to Using Acupuncture: The Five Elements (Simple Guides, Series 4, Natural Health) by Nora Franglen (2001); ISBN: 1860340571; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1860340571/icongroupinterna

·

Simplified Review for National Examinations in Acupuncture and Clean Needle Technique by Decheng Chen (2003); ISBN: 1412002680; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1412002680/icongroupinterna

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Soothing the Troubled Mind: Acupuncture and Moxibustion in the Treatment and Prevention of Schizophrenia by Bai Ceng Lou, et al (2000); ISBN: 0912111607; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912111607/icongroupinterna

·

Standard Meridian Points of Acupuncture: Charts by Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion of the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Editor); ISBN: 7119014439; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119014439/icongroupinterna

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Sticking to the Point, Vol. 2: A Study of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Formulas & Strategies by Bob Flaws, Bob Flaws; ISBN: 093618597X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/093618597X/icongroupinterna

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Sticking to the Point: A Rational Methodology for the Step Bt Step Formulation and Administration of a TCM Acupuncture Treatment (vol. 1) by Bob Flaws; ISBN: 0936185171; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0936185171/icongroupinterna

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Talking About Acupuncture in New York by J.R. Worsley; ISBN: 0906540240; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0906540240/icongroupinterna

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Techniques of Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Liu Gongwang (Editor); ISBN: 7508015975; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7508015975/icongroupinterna

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Tests: Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Dr. Cui Yongqiang; ISBN: 7119015877; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119015877/icongroupinterna

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The ABCs of Acupuncture by Tingo-Hung Ling, Nancy T. Ling (2003); ISBN: 1593290004; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1593290004/icongroupinterna

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The Acupuncture Murders. by Dwight Steward; ISBN: 0060141220; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0060141220/icongroupinterna

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The Acupuncture Response : Balance Energy and Restore Health--A Western Doctor Tells You How by Glenn S. Rothfield, et al; ISBN: 0809297590; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0809297590/icongroupinterna

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The Acupuncture Treatment of Pain by Unk, Leon Chaitow; ISBN: 0722508115; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0722508115/icongroupinterna

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The Acupuncture Treatment of Pain: Safe and Effective Methods for Using Acupuncture in Pain Relief by Leon Chaitow (1990); ISBN: 0892813830; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892813830/icongroupinterna

·

The Art of Acupuncture Techniques by Robert Johns, Andrew E. Tseng (Contributor) (1996); ISBN: 1556432305; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1556432305/icongroupinterna

·

The Book of Acupuncture Points (Complete Course in Acupuncture/James Tin Yau So, Vol 1) by James Tin Yau So, et al (1989); ISBN: 091211102X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/091211102X/icongroupinterna

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The Bridge Between Acupuncture and Modern Bio-Energetic Medicine by Stuart J. Zoll; ISBN: 2804340015; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/2804340015/icongroupinterna

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The Complete Book of Acupuncture by Stephen Thomas Chang; ISBN: 0890871248; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0890871248/icongroupinterna

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The Complete Guide to Acupuncture and Acupressure (2 Vols. in 1) by Masaru Toguchi, Frank Z. Warren; ISBN: 051747316X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/051747316X/icongroupinterna

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The Ear Gateway to Balancing the Body a Modern Guide to Ear Acupuncture by Mario Wexu (1985); ISBN: 0943358086; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0943358086/icongroupinterna

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The Energies of Consciousness: Explorations in Acupuncture, Auras, and Kirlian Photography (Social Change Series) by Acupuncture, and Western Hemisphere Conference on Kirlian Photography (Photographer), et al (1975); ISBN: 0677051905; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0677051905/icongroupinterna

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The Energy Within: The Science Behind Every Oriental Therapy from Acupuncture to Yoga by Richard M. Chin; ISBN: 1569248818; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1569248818/icongroupinterna

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The five elements of acupuncture and Chinese massage: a concise introductory work to the theory and technique of acupuncture by Denis Lawson-Wood; ISBN: 0850321069; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0850321069/icongroupinterna

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The Healing Benefits of Acupressure: Acupuncture Without Needles by Fred M. Houston, Linda Clark (Introduction); ISBN: 0879835362; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0879835362/icongroupinterna

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The Healing Power of Acupuncture by Michael Nightingale; ISBN: 0713717165; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0713717165/icongroupinterna

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The Layman's Guide to Acupuncture by Yoshio. Manaka, Ian Urquhart (1997); ISBN: 0834801078; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0834801078/icongroupinterna

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The Miracle of Acupuncture by Tian Conghuo; ISBN: 7119015303; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/7119015303/icongroupinterna

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The Miracle of Acupuncture by Xu Xi (1993); ISBN: 0835129268; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0835129268/icongroupinterna

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The Practice of Chinese Medicine: The Treatment of Diseases With Acupuncture and Chinese Herbs by Giovanni Maciocia, Giovanni Macviocia (1994); ISBN: 0443043051; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443043051/icongroupinterna

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The Seirin Pictorial Atlas of Acupuncture by Hans P. Ogal, et al; ISBN: 3829029969; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3829029969/icongroupinterna

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The Story of Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Fu Wei-Kang (2003); ISBN: 1410206130; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1410206130/icongroupinterna

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The treatment of disease by acupuncture by Felix Mann; ISBN: 0433203080; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0433203080/icongroupinterna

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The Treatment of Horses by Acupuncture by Erwin, Dr. Med. Vet. Westermayer (1994); ISBN: 0850321611; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0850321611/icongroupinterna

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The Treatment of Pain With Chinese Herbs and Acupuncture by Sun Peilin (Editor), Peilin Sun; ISBN: 0443071276; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443071276/icongroupinterna

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Thorsons Introductory Guide to Acupuncture: A Patient's Guide by Paul Marcus; ISBN: 0722525311; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0722525311/icongroupinterna

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Topographic positions of the measurement points in electro-acupuncture by Reinhold Voll; ISBN: 3881360425; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3881360425/icongroupinterna

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Traditional Acupuncture by Diane M. Connelly, Dianne M. Connelly (1994); ISBN: 0912379014; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912379014/icongroupinterna

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Traditional Acupuncture: The Law of the Five Elements by Dianne M. Connelly (1994); ISBN: 0912381035; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912381035/icongroupinterna

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Transformation and Recovery: A Guide for the Design and Development of Acupuncture-Based Chemical Dependency Treatment Programs by Alex Brumbaugh (1994); ISBN: 0963979108; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0963979108/icongroupinterna

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Treatment of Disease With Acupuncture by James Tin Yao So, Richard Feit (Editor) (1987); ISBN: 0912111089; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0912111089/icongroupinterna

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Understanding Acupuncture by Stephen J. Birch, Robert L. Felt (1999); ISBN: 0443061793; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0443061793/icongroupinterna

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Understanding Equine Acupuncture: Your Guide to Horse Health Care and Management by Rhonda Rathgeber, William McCormack (2002); ISBN: 1581500688; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1581500688/icongroupinterna

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Veterinary Acupuncture by Alan M. Klide, Shiu H. Kung (2002); ISBN: 0812218396; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0812218396/icongroupinterna

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Veterinary Acupuncture: Ancient Art to Modern Medicine by Allen M. Schoen (Editor); ISBN: 032300945X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/032300945X/icongroupinterna

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Window of health : ocular diagnosis and periocular acupuncture by Hoy Ping Yee Chan; ISBN: 0962266523; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0962266523/icongroupinterna

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Wonders of Chinese Acupuncture by Pedro Chan; ISBN: 0685423484; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0685423484/icongroupinterna

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Wrist-Ankle Acupuncture: Methods and Applications by He Hun Lao, Moses Lin (Photographer) (1999); ISBN: 0965906000; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0965906000/icongroupinterna

The National Library of Medicine Book Index The National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health has a massive database of books published on healthcare and biomedicine. Go to the following Internet site, http://locatorplus.gov/, and then select “Search LOCATORplus.” Once you are in the search area, simply type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box, and select “books only.” From there, results can be sorted by publication date, author, or relevance. The following was recently catalogued by the National Library of Medicine:10 10 In addition to LOCATORPlus, in collaboration with authors and publishers, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is currently adapting biomedical books for the Web. The books may be accessed in two ways: (1) by searching directly using any search term or phrase (in the same way as the bibliographic database PubMed), or (2) by following the links to PubMed abstracts. Each PubMed abstract has a "Books" button that displays a facsimile of the abstract in which some phrases are hypertext links. These phrases are also found in

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Acupuncture - electric; a guide to its use. Author: Dohring, Grace.; Year: 1957; [Dearborn, Mich.] c1972

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Acupuncture anaesthesia.; Year: 1964; Peking, Foreign Languages Press, 1972

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Acupuncture and the philosophy of the Far East, by George Ohsawa. Author: Ohsawa, Georges,; Year: 1962; [Los Angeles, Tao Books, 1970?]

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Acupuncture and you; a new approach to treatment, based on the ancient method of healing. Author: Moss, Louis.; Year: 1962; London, Elek Books 1964]

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Acupuncture handbook; by Denis Lawson-Wood and Joyce Lawson-Wood. Author: Lawson-Wood, Denis.; Year: 1964; Rustington, Eng., Health Science Press [1964]

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Acupuncture treatment. Author: Pang, Shin Hak.; Year: 1966; Chicago, Belmont [c1973]

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Acupuncture: cure of many diseases. Author: Mann, Felix.; Year: 1957; London, Heinemann Medical Books [1971]; ISBN: 0433203064 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0433203064/icongroupinterna

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An elementary outline of acupuncture and moxibustion. Author: Zhongguo zhen jiu xue hui.; Year: 1963; Hong Kong, Chinese Acupunture Assn. [1964?]

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Atlas of acupuncture; points and meridians in relation to surface anatomy. Author: Mann, Felix.; Year: 1956; [London] Heinemann [c1966]

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Chinese acupuncture. Author: Zhuang, Yumin,; Year: 1959; Hanover, N. H., Oriental Society, 1972

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Chinese medical science in practice; my experiences in a combined therapy: pulse study, spot pressing, acupuncture, thermo therapy, push-pull massage. Author: Jin, Yun.; Year: 1962; [Kowloon, King Ying Chinese Medical Office, c1964]

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Handbook of acupuncture analgesia. Author: Man, Pang Ling,; Year: 1958; Woodbury, N. J., Field Place Press [c1973]

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Japanese acupuncture; edited and annotated by Philip M. Chancellor. Author: Hashimoto, Masae.; Year: 1964; [London] Thorsons [1973, c1966]; ISBN: 0722501188

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Points of Chinese acupuncture. English ed. tr., indexed and adapted by Philip M. Chancellor. Author: Lavier, Jacques A.; Year: 1951; Rustington, Eng. Health Science Press [1965]

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Some basic facts: acupuncture; historic background, theory, techniques, actual cases of use. Its works. Compiled by Maud Russell. Author: Russell, Maud.; Year: 1965; [New York, Russell, 1972]

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The five elements of acupuncture and Chinese massage; an introduction to the theory and technique of acupuncture point massage as a prophylactic and constitutional therapy, by Denis Lawson-Wood & Joyce Lawson-Wood. Author: Lawson-Wood, Denis.; Year: 1965; Rustington, Eng., Health Science Press [1966, c1965]

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The meridians of acupuncture. Author: Mann, Felix.; Year: 1957; London, Heinemann [1964]

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The treatment of disease by acupuncture... Based on the case histories and clinical experience of Dr. Felix Mann, with translations from the Chinese by D. T. Owen and Felix Mann. Author: Mann, Felix.; Year: 1965; London, Heinemann [c1967, reprinted 1972]; ISBN: 0433203056

the books available at NCBI. Click on hyperlinked results in the list of books in which the phrase is found. Currently, the majority of the links are between the books and PubMed. In the future, more links will be created between the books and other types of information, such as gene and protein sequences and macromolecular structures. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=Books.

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The treatment of disease by acupuncture...Based on the case histories and clinical experience of Dr. Felix Mann, with translations from the Chinese by D. T. Owen and Felix Mann. Author: Mann, Felix.; Year: 1963; London, Heinemann [c1967]

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What is acupuncture? How does it work? With three appendices by the translator, Leslie O. Korth. Author: Stiefvater, Erich W. (Erich Wilhelm),; Year: 1956; Rustington, Eng., Health Science Press [1971]; ISBN: 0850320879 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0850320879/icongroupinterna

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What is acupuncture? How does it work? Author: Stiefvater, Erich W. (Erich Wilhelm),; Year: 1959; Rustington, Eng., Health Science Press [1962]

Chapters on Acupuncture In order to find chapters that specifically relate to acupuncture, an excellent source of abstracts is the Combined Health Information Database. You will need to limit your search to book chapters and acupuncture using the “Detailed Search” option. Go to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find book chapters, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Book Chapter.” Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. The following is a typical result when searching for book chapters on acupuncture: ·

Acupuncture: A Novel Treatment for Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Source: in Hotta, N., et al., eds. Diabetic Neuropathy: New Concepts and Insights: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Diabetic Neuropathy, Kanagawa, 35 November 1994. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science B.V. 1995. 405-408. Contact: Available from Elsevier Science, Inc. P.O. Box 945, Madison Square Station, New York, NY 10160-0757. (212) 633-3750. Fax (212) 633-3764. E-mail: [email protected]. PRICE: $209.50 (as of 1996). ISBN: 0444820981. Summary: This paper reports on a study of the use of acupuncture in 15 patients with IDDM or NIDDM complicated by painful neuropathy of greater than 6 months duration, unresponsive to standard medical therapy. Patients received six courses of classical acupuncture analgesia using traditional Chinese Medicine acupuncture points to lower limbs over a period of 8 weeks, during which time all other treatments were kept constant. All patients scored their painful symptoms, and their ability to sleep at night, on a horizontal analogue graphic rating scale. A significant improvement was observed in the patients' primary and secondary scores after completion of treatment. There was no significant change in nerve conduction velocities (NCV), vibration perception threshold (VPT), or HbA1C during treatment. The authors conclude that acupuncture is potentially very useful in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy, especially in those patients unresponsive to previous medical therapy. 1 table. 13 references. (AA-M).

Directories In addition to the references and resources discussed earlier in this chapter, a number of directories relating to acupuncture have been published that consolidate information across

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various sources. The Combined Health Information Database lists the following, which you may wish to consult in your local medical library:11 ·

Directory of Schools for Alternative and Complementary Health Care Source: Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press. 1998. 250 p. Contact: Oryx Press. PO Box 33889, Phoenix, AZ 85067-3889. 800-279-6799, 602-265-2651, FAX: 602-265-2650, 800-279-4663. PRICE: $49.50. ISBN: 157356110X. Summary: This book provides information on schools and programs in the United States and Canada that offer professional training in alternative and complementary modalities, including acupressure, acupuncture, Alexander technique, aromatherapy, Ayurvedic medicine, biofeedback, chiropractic, Feldenkrais, herbal medicine, homeopathy, hypnotherapy, massage therapy and bodywork, midwifery, naturopathic medicine, Oriental medicine, polarity therapy, reflexology, reiki, Shiatsu, and yoga. The book contains a list of abbreviations, a glossary, a subject index, and nine essays on selected alternative medicine health fields describing each modality and the training and education required to practice in that field. The alphabetical listing of schools by state provides contact information, including the school's name, address, telephone number, fax number, e-mail address, and Web page address, if available. The school listing is followed by a list of organizations and accrediting bodies and resources for further reading. This book also provides an index of schools by name and by specialization, and a general index.

11 You will need to limit your search to “Directory” and “diseasex” using the "Detailed Search" option. Go directly to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find directories, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” For publication date, select “All Years.” Select your preferred language and the format option “Directory.” Type “diseasex” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this database as it is updated every three months.

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CHAPTER 8. MULTIMEDIA ON ACUPUNCTURE Overview In this chapter, we show you how to keep current on multimedia sources of information on acupuncture. We start with sources that have been summarized by federal agencies, and then show you how to find bibliographic information catalogued by the National Library of Medicine.

Video Recordings An excellent source of multimedia information on acupuncture is the Combined Health Information Database. You will need to limit your search to “Videorecording” and “acupuncture” using the “Detailed Search” option. Go directly to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find video productions, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Videorecording (videotape, videocassette, etc.).” Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. The following is a typical result when searching for video recordings on acupuncture: ·

HIV - Choices From the Other Side Contact: Cinnamon Productions, 19 Wild Rose Rd, Westport, CT, 06880, (203) 221-0613. Summary: This videorecording is a documentary, produced by long-term AIDS survivors, that intends to empower individuals with HIV and AIDS to take control of their lives through their attitudes and treatments. It emphasizes that a positive attitude is the single most important factor in improving the quality and quantity of life. The importance of knowledge and obtaining information on treatments is emphasized. Much of the testimony of these individuals refuses common medical practices and currently prescribed drugs, such as azidothymidine (AZT). Instead, the benefits of alternative therapies are explored. Health care practicioners elaborate on acupuncture, herbology, chiropractic, and massage, and the ways in which these therapies can help an individual improve the quality of life.

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·

Points to Change Contact: Gay Mens Health Crisis, 119 W 24th St Tisch Bldg, New York, NY, 10011-1995, (212) 367-1205, http://www.gmhc.org. Summary: This videorecording focuses on the philosophy and practice of ear point acupuncture. Practitioners and patients discuss acupuncture's applicability in a variety of community settings, including drug treatment, needle exchange, and AIDS services. The film features Michael Smith, M.D., D.Ac., Director of the Substance Abuse Institute, Lincoln Hospital in Bronx, NY, relating theories of acupuncture to drug treatment. Other practitioners point out that acupuncture helps them be more patient and provides a nonverbal way of interacting with clients, allowing them to connect with less burnout. They describe it as a person-centered, drug-free approach with a range of uses in drug abuse treatment, including: stress relief; relapse prevention; and symptom alleviation in methadone detoxification. Richard Elovich, Director of Substance Use Counseling and Education (SUCE), states that SUCE's HIV Services runs a successful acupuncture clinic. In addition to providing therapeutic benefits, the service opens the door to those who come for acupuncture but eventually seek out other assistance.

·

Health Care for All: Treatment of AIDS With Chinese Herbs Contact: Institute for Traditional Medicine, 2017 S East Hawthorne Blvd, Portland, OR, 97214, (503) 233-4907, http://www.europa.com/~itm. Summary: This videorecording addresses the treatment of Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by using Chinese herbs. Dr. Subhuti Dharmananda, of the Institute for Traditional Medicine (ITM), gives a narration of the basis of work done in this field, the findings, and how they may be applied clinically. An extensive background and history of Chinese medicine, including such topics as acupuncture and Chinese herbs, is given. The proposal is made that modern medicine and traditional Oriental medicine be integrated. Studies that use traditional medicine to treat immune disorders are discussed. Formulas that have been developed to treat immune disorders are named, and the ingredients (Chinese herbs) in each are named, listing their nature, their actions, and the effect they have on the immune system. Also discussed are various anti-viral formulas that have been developed by ITM and how they should be administered for best results. The results of ITM herb protocol for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are reported. The areas covered are: Time period and number of individuals in protocol; reported health effects; T-cell counts; and conditions (symptoms) reported to respond herb therapy.

·

Heroism: A Community Response Contact: West Glen Communications, Incorporated, West Glen Films, 1430 Broadway, New York, NY, 10018-3396, (212) 921-2800. Cinema Guild, 1697 Broadway, New York, NY, 10019, (212) 246-5522. Summary: Hosted by local television personality Korey McCormack, this videorecording profiles community and volunteer organizations in San Francisco and how they have responded to the Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. It starts off with a segment on Project Open Hand and its home delivery of meals to Persons with AIDS (PWA's). The videorecording next profiles Project Inform, which helps PWA's deal with paperwork, treatment options, and other types of information necessary to coping with their diagnosis. It then turns to art classes that give PWA's an outlet for their emotions. The outreach efforts, in various areas, of the Shanti Project are outlined. These include massage, touch therapy, and assistance with

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day-to-day living. The importance of meditation, mental outlook, and spiritual attitudes in healing is discussed. The videorecording encourages viewers not to perceive AIDS as a death sentence; alternative therapies such as acupuncture and Vitamin C are suggested. ·

Hepatitis C: Diagnosis, Clinical Management, and Prevention Source: Cedar Grove, NJ: Hepatitis Foundation International. November 22, 1997. (videocassette, audiocassette, manual). Contact: Available from Hepatitis Foundation International. 30 Sunrise Terrace, Cedar Grove, NJ 07009. (800) 891-0707. PRICE: $15.00 each for videotape and reference text; $10.00 for audiocassette tape. Summary: These materials on hepatitis C are from a satellite video conference sponsored by the Hepatitis Foundation International and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The packet includes a videotape of the conference itself, an audiotape of the discussions from the conference, and the accompanying reference manual. The program featured speakers on eight topics: burden and prevalence, risk factors and epidemiology, serology, chronic hepatitis C infection in children, followup laboratory tests and clinical evaluation, the natural history of hepatitis C virus infection, treatment, and counseling messages. One case study is also presented. The slides from the program are reproduced in the manual. The manual includes a section on risk assessment with examples of questions to identify patients at risk for HCV infection and to determine whether serologic testing may be indicated. Screening recommendations for HCV infection are provided in chart format. An additional section compiles some concerns expressed by patients diagnosed with hepatitis C. The manual concludes with a reprint of the 1997 National Institutes of Health Consensus Statement and an article on advising patients who seek alternative medical therapies such as chiropractic, acupuncture, homeopathy, and herbal remedies. Additional handouts to stimulate and support physician patient communication are provided, as well as a list of resources noting organizations that can provide patients with information on hepatitis. The manual is spiral bound.

·

Self-Care for the Interstitial Cystitis Patient Source: Rockville, MD: Interstitial Cystitis Association. 1995. Contact: Available from Interstitial Cystitis Association (ICA). 51 Monroe Street, Suite 1402, Rockville, MD 20850. (301) 610-5300. Fax (301) 610-5308. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.ichelp.org. PRICE: $14.50 (as of 1995). Summary: This patient education videotape program provides viewers with guidelines for coping strategies and self-care therapies to use in managing interstitial cystitis (IC). Narrated by Dr. Kristene Whitmore, the program defines IC; describes the symptoms and the chronic nature of the disease; explains the role of the Interstitial Cystitis Association (ICA); briefly reviews the conventional treatments for IC, including drug therapy, surgery, and drugs instilled into the bladder; stresses the need for a combination of traditional and alternative therapies to reduce the frequency of IC flareups and to prolong remission of the disease; and details alternative management strategies. Strategies covered include dietary modifications, including how to perform a strict elimination diet; urine alkalization, with baking soda, potassium citrate, antacids, urine dilution, and dietary acid restriction; bladder holding protocol (a bladder muscle strengthening program, not behavior modification); the role of exercise; stress reduction techniques, including biofeedback, self hypnosis, visualization, yoga, massage therapy,

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and acupressure and acupuncture; helpful products, including absorbent pads, external catheters, and portable toilets; travel tips; support and information available from the ICA; and the role of counseling. The videotape depicts various patients using each of these strategies. ·

Pain Control Source: Princeton, NJ: Films for the Humanities and Sciences. 199x. (videocassette). Contact: Available from Films for the Humanities and Sciences. P. O. Box 2053, Princeton, NJ 08543-2053. (800) 257-5126; (609) 452-1128. PRICE: $149.00 for purchase; $75.00 for rental. Order Number TF-2368. Summary: This videotape looks at some of the available treatments for the most serious types of pain. The program discusses treatment modalities including injections, infusions, topical sprays, inhalants, pills, acupressure and acupuncture, electromyography, and a number of other ways to relieve muscle spasms. (AA-M).

Audio Recordings The Combined Health Information Database contains abstracts on audio productions. To search CHID, go directly to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find audio productions, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Sound Recordings.” Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. The following is a typical result when searching for sound recordings on acupuncture: ·

Traditional Chinese Medicine: Early HIV Clinic Programs; the 16th National Lesbian & Gay Health Conference & 12th Annual AIDS/HIV Forum, New York, NY, June 21 26, 1994 Contact: Encore Cassettes, PO Box 231340, San Diego, CA, 92194, (619) 596-8402. Summary: This audio cassette recording begins with a discussion of acupuncture and AIDS. Tom Sinclair, executive director of the Immune Enhancement Project, and Howard Moffat, a licensed acupuncturist, then describe alternative medicine programs as models of treatment. The definitions and scope of alternative, complementary, and holistic medicines are compared. The speakers emphasize using alternative treatments, focusing on what works individually. The significant decrease of symptoms is highlighted as the goal, concentrating on quality of life.

·

Research Issues and Needs of Vulnerable Populations, Homeless Women, Women in Prison and Migrant Workers. National Conference on Women and AIDS/HIV Infection; Washington, D.C., December 12 - 13, Contact: Triad Media Group, PO Box 778, Frederick, MD, 21701, (301) 663-1471. Summary: This sound recording of presentations from the National Conference on Women and AIDS/HIV Infection held December 12-13, 1990, in Washington, D.C., describes a number of types of alternative therapies for treating the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The first speaker explains how homeopathy and acupuncture helped her after Azidothymidine (AZT) failed. She also uses Chinese herbs and her personal religious beliefs to strengthen her immune system. The second speaker describes the use of acupuncture in a detoxification center in the Bronx. Crack use is a

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big problem, and counseling and support groups are also available to patients. The third speaker is a Native American woman who is seropositive. After traditional medicine failed, she had a healing ceremony and has been in better health. The fourth speaker discusses the value of religion. The fifth speaker explains how traditional and alternative therapies can supplement each other.

Bibliography: Multimedia on Acupuncture The National Library of Medicine is a rich source of information on healthcare-related multimedia productions including slides, computer software, and databases. To access the multimedia database, go to the following Web site: http://locatorplus.gov/. Select “Search LOCATORplus.” Once in the search area, simply type in acupuncture (or synonyms). Then, in the option box provided below the search box, select “Audiovisuals and Computer Files.” From there, you can choose to sort results by publication date, author, or relevance. The following multimedia has been indexed on acupuncture (for more information, follow the hyperlink indicated): ·

Acupuncture [videorecording] Source: Los Angeles County Medical Association; produced by Dave Bell Associates; Year: 1975; Format: Videorecording; Garden Grove, Ca.: Trainex, 1975

·

Acupuncture [videorecording] Source: [presented by] Life Science Productions, in cooperation with New York Chiropractic College; Year: 1982; Format: Videorecording; [United States]: Myo-neural Associates, c1982

·

Acupuncture [videorecording] Source: in the facilities of Dharma Productions at the Institute for Traditional Medicine and Preventive Health Care; Year: 1991; Format: Videorecording; Portland, Or.: ITM, c1991

·

Acupuncture [videorecording]: clearing blockages through the meridians Source: VisionQuest Video; Year: 1995; Format: Videorecording; [Australia]: MPI Productions; Buffalo, NY: Kinetic [distributor], c1995

·

Acupuncture anaesthesia [motion picture] Source: Grove Press; produced by Shanghai Film Studio, the People's Republic of China; Year: 1972; Format: Motion picture; [New York]: Grove Press: [for loan or sale by its Film Division], 1972

·

Acupuncture for operative dentistry [videorecording] Source: Division of Educational Communications, State University of New York Upstate Medical Center; Year: 1977; Format: Videorecording; Syracuse, N.Y.: The Division, [1977]

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Acupuncture for pain relief [videorecording] Source: [presented by] Traditional Healing Films; Year: 1992; Format: Videorecording; Southfield, MI: Traditional Healing Films, c1992

·

Acupuncture observations in the People's Republic of China [videorecording] Source: William M. Lukash; produced by Ritter Dental Supply Company; Year: 1973; Format: Videorecording; [Chicago: Chicago Dental Society; Atlanta: for loan by National Medical Audiovisual Center, 1973]

·

Acupuncture, an introduction to basic principles. [sound recording]. Source: Worley, Jack R; Year: 1971; Format: Sound recording; [s.n.]: b Big Sur Recordings 2930

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Acupuncture: a discussion of use of the technic [videorecording] Source: Max Samuel Sadove; produced by Ritter Dental Supply Company; Year: 1973; Format: Videorecording; [Chicago]: Sadove; [Atlanta: for loan by National Medical Audiovisual Center, 1973]

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Alternative health [videorecording]: acupuncture Source: a co-production of Multimedia Communications and Physical Education and Development; Year: 1998; Format: Videorecording; Oakland, CA: Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, c1998

·

An Introduction to acupuncture [videorecording] Source: presented by the Academy of Parapsychology and Medicine; Year: 1973; Format: Videorecording; Los Altos, Calif.: The Academy, c1973

·

Evaluation techniques using acupuncture systems and point [slide] Source: Niagara Frontier District, New York State Chapter of the American Physical Therapy Association, Physical Therapy Association, State of New York, Council of Licensed Physiotherapists of Ne; Year: 1978; Format: Slide; [Buffalo]: Communications in Learning, [1978]

·

Pain management in low back and arthritis by non-invasive electro-acupuncture techniques [sound recording] Source: [American Physical Therapy Association]; Year: 1983; Format: Sound recording; No. Hollywood, CA.: Convention Seminar Cassettes, [1983]

·

Principles of ear acupuncture: microsystem of the auricle Source: Axel Rubach; with contributions by Hans-Jürgen Weise and Claus Schulte-Uebbing;; Year: 2001; Format: Translated by Uesula Vielkind; Stuttgart; New York: Thieme, c2001

·

The complete acupuncture CD-ROM [electronic resource] Source: Hopkins Technology; Year: 1997; Format: Electronic resource; Hopkins, MN: Hopkins Technology, c1997

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The doctor talks to you about understanding acupuncture [sound recording]: a discussion Source: by Mathew Hung Mun Lee; Year: 1977; Format: Sound recording; Bayside, N.Y.: Soundwords, c1977

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The practice of Chinese medicine [electronic resource]: the treatment of diseases with acupuncture and Chinese herbs Source: edited by Giovanni Maciocia; Year: 1997; Format: Electronic resource; New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone, 1997

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CHAPTER 9. PERIODICALS AND NEWS ON ACUPUNCTURE Overview In this chapter, we suggest a number of news sources and present various periodicals that cover acupuncture.

News Services and Press Releases One of the simplest ways of tracking press releases on acupuncture is to search the news wires. In the following sample of sources, we will briefly describe how to access each service. These services only post recent news intended for public viewing.

PR Newswire To access the PR Newswire archive, simply go to http://www.prnewswire.com/. Select your country. Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box. You will automatically receive information on relevant news releases posted within the last 30 days. The search results are shown by order of relevance.

Reuters Health The Reuters’ Medical News and Health eLine databases can be very useful in exploring news archives relating to acupuncture. While some of the listed articles are free to view, others are available for purchase for a nominal fee. To access this archive, go to http://www.reutershealth.com/en/index.html and search by “acupuncture” (or synonyms). The following was recently listed in this archive for acupuncture: ·

Acupuncture points might guide Botox injections for migraine Source: Reuters Medical News Date: July 16, 2003 http://www.reutershealth.com/archive/2003/07/16/professional/links/20030716clin 015.html

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·

Acupuncture and Botox, great for migraines Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: July 16, 2003

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Electrical acupuncture beneficial in older patients with chronic low back pain Source: Reuters Industry Breifing Date: May 13, 2003

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Experts: Acupuncture does boost fertility in women Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: December 24, 2002

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Acupuncture may help ward off migraine Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: November 22, 2002

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Acupuncture does not improve motor recovery after stroke Source: Reuters Medical News Date: November 08, 2002

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Acupuncture may help break urinary infection cycle Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: October 16, 2002

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Education, acupuncture help smokers kick the habit Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: October 15, 2002

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Acupuncture and education together improve smoking cessation, reduction Source: Reuters Medical News Date: October 14, 2002

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Acupuncture during labor lowers need for pain meds Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: July 24, 2002

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Laser acupuncture may treat stubborn carpal tunnel Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: July 09, 2002

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Acupuncture seen as ineffective in moderate asthma Source: Reuters Medical News Date: May 29, 2002

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Acupuncture improves pregnancy rate after assisted reproduction therapy Source: Reuters Medical News Date: May 15, 2002

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Acupuncture may up chance of test-tube pregnancy Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: April 16, 2002

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Acupuncture improves pregnancy rates from assisted reproductive therapy Source: Reuters Medical News Date: April 16, 2002

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Laser acupuncture no immediate help in exercise-induced asthma Source: Reuters Medical News Date: April 03, 2002

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Laser acupuncture doesn't help kids with asthma Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: March 19, 2002

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Acupuncture may improve xerostomia in cancer patients Source: Reuters Medical News Date: March 04, 2002

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Acupuncture may aid cancer patients' dry mouth Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: March 01, 2002

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Acupuncture may safely treat morning sickness Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: February 27, 2002

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Preliminary data suggest most acupuncture patients experience pain relief Source: Reuters Medical News Date: January 30, 2002

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Large study shows many find acupuncture effective Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: January 30, 2002

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Acupuncture ineffective as stand-alone treatment of cocaine dependence Source: Reuters Industry Breifing Date: January 02, 2002

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Acupuncture has lukewarm effect in addiction study Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: January 01, 2002

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Acupuncture does help some smokers to quit Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: December 14, 2001

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Acupuncture can help some smokers quit Source: Reuters Medical News Date: December 14, 2001

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Needle manipulation may be key to acupuncture effect Source: Reuters Medical News Date: November 27, 2001

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Flick of the wrist may be key to acupuncture effect Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: November 26, 2001

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Acupuncture eases heart failure patients' stress Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: November 16, 2001

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Acupuncture blocks sympathetic nerve activity to heart Source: Reuters Medical News Date: November 16, 2001

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Acupuncture may help relieve fibromyalgia symptoms Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: November 12, 2001

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Studies find acupuncture safe when done skillfully Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: August 31, 2001

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Acupuncture is safe in the hands of a skilled practitioner Source: Reuters Medical News Date: August 30, 2001

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Acupuncture better than massage for neck pain Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: June 29, 2001


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Acupuncture beneficial as short-term treatment for neck pain Source: Reuters Medical News Date: June 29, 2001

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Acupuncture may ease gag reflex during dental work Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: June 13, 2001

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Acupuncture may ease knee arthritis pain: report Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: May 08, 2001

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Massage effective for persistent low back pain; acupuncture is not Source: Reuters Medical News Date: April 23, 2001

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Acupuncture shown to reduce arthritis pain Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: February 23, 2001

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Acupuncture can reduce arthritis pain Source: Reuters Medical News Date: February 21, 2001

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Electroacupuncture aids emesis control during myeloablative chemotherapy Source: Reuters Medical News Date: December 06, 2000

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Acupuncture eases nausea caused by cancer therapy Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: December 05, 2000

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Acupuncture may help curb morning sickness Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: November 08, 2000

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Acupuncture may facilitate recovery from hyperemesis gravidarum Source: Reuters Medical News Date: November 07, 2000

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Acupuncture serves up a cure for tennis elbow Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: November 06, 2000

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Acupuncture could take a bite out of dental pain Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: September 05, 2000

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Acupuncture may help fight cocaine addiction Source: Reuters Health eLine Date: August 14, 2000

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Acupuncture may aid in the treatment of cocaine dependence Source: Reuters Medical News Date: August 14, 2000

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Neuroimaging helps map acupuncture mechanisms Source: Reuters Medical News Date: June 30, 2000

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Acupuncture deemed effective for some indications Source: Reuters Medical News Date: June 27, 2000

The NIH Within MEDLINEplus, the NIH has made an agreement with the New York Times Syndicate, the AP News Service, and Reuters to deliver news that can be browsed by the public. Search news releases at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/alphanews_a.html. MEDLINEplus allows you to browse across an alphabetical index. Or you can search by date at the following Web page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/newsbydate.html. Often, news items are indexed by MEDLINEplus within its search engine.

Business Wire Business Wire is similar to PR Newswire. To access this archive, simply go to http://www.businesswire.com/. You can scan the news by industry category or company name.

Market Wire Market Wire is more focused on technology than the other wires. To browse the latest press releases by topic, such as alternative medicine, biotechnology, fitness, healthcare, legal, nutrition, and pharmaceuticals, access Market Wire’s Medical/Health channel at http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release_index?channel=MedicalHealth. Or simply go to Market Wire’s home page at http://www.marketwire.com/mw/home, type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click on “Search News.” As this service is technology oriented, you may wish to use it when searching for press releases covering diagnostic procedures or tests.


Search Engines Medical news is also available in the news sections of commercial Internet search engines. See the health news page at Yahoo (http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/News_and_Media/), or you can use this Web site’s general news search page at http://news.yahoo.com/. Type in “acupuncture” (or synonyms). If you know the name of a company that is relevant to acupuncture, you can go to any stock trading Web site (such as http://www.etrade.com/) and search for the company name there. News items across various news sources are reported on indicated hyperlinks. Google offers a similar service at http://news.google.com/.

BBC Covering news from a more European perspective, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) allows the public free access to their news archive located at http://www.bbc.co.uk/. Search by “acupuncture” (or synonyms).

Newsletter Articles Use the Combined Health Information Database, and limit your search criteria to “newsletter articles.” Again, you will need to use the “Detailed Search” option. Go directly to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. Go to the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language that you prefer. For the format option, select “Newsletter Article.” Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this database as it is updated every three months. The following is a typical result when searching for newsletter articles on acupuncture: ·

Should You Try Acupuncture for Arthritis? Source: Health After 50. 9(11):3; January 1998. Contact: Johns Hopkins Medical Letter, Health After 50, 550 North Broadway, Suite 1100, Baltimore, MD 21205-2011. Summary: This newsletter article for individuals with arthritis discusses the use of acupuncture to relieve the pain caused by arthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders. It explains the belief underlying the principle of acupuncture and reports on studies that provide evidence of the effectiveness of acupuncture for relieving pain. Several studies have found that osteoarthritis patients experienced pain relief following acupuncture treatments. However, another study found that arthritis symptoms improved in individuals receiving acupuncture and in those who had needles inserted in nontraditional acupuncture sites. The article stresses that more testing is needed to determine whether the positive effects of acupuncture are the result of placebo effects or some other mechanism.

·

Can Acupuncture Help Lupus? Source: Lupus News. 16(3):5-6; 1996. Contact: Lupus Foundation of America, Inc. 4 Research Place, Suite 180, Rockville, MD 20850-3226.

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Summary: This newsletter article for individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) discusses the use of acupuncture to manage SLE. The differences between eastern and western medicine are highlighted. The way in which acupuncture works is explained, and the usual course of treatment is presented. In addition, guidelines are provided for choosing a qualified acupuncturist. ·

Acupuncture as a Treatment for Urinary Incontinence Source: Quality Care. 18(3): 3. Summer 2000. Contact: Available from National Association for Continence. P.O. Box 8310, Spartanburg, SC 29305-8310. (800) 252-3337 or (864) 579-7900. Fax (864) 579-7902. Summary: This brief article considers the role of acupuncture in the treatment of patients with urinary incontinence (involuntary loss of urine). There are two versions of acupuncture: traditional and modern. Traditional acupuncture believes that one part of the body cannot be treated alone; it must be considered and balanced. Treatment for urinary incontinence (UI) would be guided by conducting a patient history and performing two basic diagnostic tests: the examination of the tongue and the character of the pulse at the wrist. In traditional acupuncture, specific trigger points along the energy paths (meridians) are stimulated by inserting very small needles through the skin. Modern acupuncture differs from traditional in many ways. Instead of examining the pulse and the tongue, the practitioner performs the customary examination of the body with a more detailed physical exam, paying close attention to the trigger points. The practitioner may then use fewer needles for a shorter period of time. The article concludes with a brief discussion of what patients can expect after a sessions of acupuncture. An acute condition may respond in only one session. A chronic condition, like urinary incontinence, may take 6 to 12 sessions, each lasting about 30 to 60 minutes. The author concludes that the effect of acupuncture differs for each person and accumulates with time.

·

Acupuncture to Treat Xerostomia (Dry Mouth) in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Following Radiation Therapy Source: News from SPOHNC. News from Support for People with Oral and Head and Neck Cancer, Inc. 11(5): 6. February 2002. Contact: Available from Support for People with Oral and Head and Neck Cancer, Inc. (SPOHNC). P.O. Box 53, Locust Valley, NY 11560-0053. (516) 759-5333. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.spohnc.org. Summary: Xerostomia (dry mouth) is experienced by approximately 70 percent of patients after receiving radiation therapy for treatment of oral and head and neck cancer. This brief newsletter article explores the use of acupuncture to treat xerostomia following radiation therapy. The author first reviews the anatomy and the physiology of the salivary glands and then explains what happens to the salivary glands during radiation. The author then describes the acupuncture technique that was developed to help overcome dry mouth in patients who have been irradiated for oral and head and neck cancer. More than 70 patients have been treated since 1999 with this acupuncture technique, with various degrees of saliva restoration without complications. The treatment consists of three small needles placed in each ear and one needle placed near the tip of both index fingers. The patient produces saliva in approximately 20 to 30 minutes. Several follow up treatments are required and in the majority of cases, the saliva flow may be permanently reestablished. For the most part, those patients treated with acupuncture have found that it is superior to costly drug therapy. Although the


resulting production and quality of saliva may not be completely normal, it has permitted many patients to enjoy a better quality of life: gum can be chewed, candy dissolves, food can be swallowed with less difficulty, and talking is not constantly interrupted by frequent sips of water. The contact information for the author (who developed the acupuncture treatment) is available for readers wishing to obtain additional information. 2 references.

Academic Periodicals covering Acupuncture Numerous periodicals are currently indexed within the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database that are known to publish articles relating to acupuncture. In addition to these sources, you can search for articles covering acupuncture that have been published by any of the periodicals listed in previous chapters. To find the latest studies published, go to http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed, type the name of the periodical into the search box, and click “Go.” If you want complete details about the historical contents of a journal, you can also visit the following Web site: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/jrbrowser.cgi. Here, type in the name of the journal or its abbreviation, and you will receive an index of published articles. At http://locatorplus.gov/, you can retrieve more indexing information on medical periodicals (e.g. the name of the publisher). Select the button “Search LOCATORplus.” Then type in the name of the journal and select the advanced search option “Journal Title Search.”

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES Overview In this chapter, we focus on databases and Internet-based guidelines and information resources created or written for a professional audience.

NIH Guidelines Commonly referred to as “clinical” or “professional” guidelines, the National Institutes of Health publish physician guidelines for the most common diseases. Publications are available at the following by relevant Institute12: ·

Office of the Director (OD); guidelines consolidated across agencies available at http://www.nih.gov/health/consumer/conkey.htm

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National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); fact sheets available at http://www.nigms.nih.gov/news/facts/

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National Library of Medicine (NLM); extensive encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.) with guidelines: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html

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National Cancer Institute (NCI); guidelines available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/list.aspx?viewid=5f35036e-5497-4d86-8c2c714a9f7c8d25

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National Eye Institute (NEI); guidelines available at http://www.nei.nih.gov/order/index.htm

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); guidelines available at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/index.htm

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National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI); research available at http://www.genome.gov/page.cfm?pageID=10000375

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National Institute on Aging (NIA); guidelines available at http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/

12

These publications are typically written by one or more of the various NIH Institutes.

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·

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); guidelines available at http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/publications.htm

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); guidelines available at http://www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/

·

National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS); fact sheets and guidelines available at http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/index.htm

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National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); guidelines available at http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubskey.cfm

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National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); fact sheets and guidelines at http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); guidelines available at http://www.nidr.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); guidelines available at http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/health.htm

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National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); guidelines available at http://www.nida.nih.gov/DrugAbuse.html

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National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); environmental health information available at http://www.niehs.nih.gov/external/facts.htm

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National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); guidelines available at http://www.nimh.nih.gov/practitioners/index.cfm

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National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); neurological disorder information pages available at http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorder_index.htm

·

National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR); publications on selected illnesses at http://www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/publications.html

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National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; general information at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/becon/becon_info.htm

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Center for Information Technology (CIT); referrals to other agencies based on keyword searches available at http://kb.nih.gov/www_query_main.asp

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National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); health information available at http://nccam.nih.gov/health/

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National Center for Research Resources (NCRR); various information directories available at http://www.ncrr.nih.gov/publications.asp

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Office of Rare Diseases; various fact sheets available at http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/html/resources/rep_pubs.html

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; various fact sheets on infectious diseases available at http://www.cdc.gov/publications.htm

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NIH Databases In addition to the various Institutes of Health that publish professional guidelines, the NIH has designed a number of databases for professionals.13 Physician-oriented resources provide a wide variety of information related to the biomedical and health sciences, both past and present. The format of these resources varies. Searchable databases, bibliographic citations, full-text articles (when available), archival collections, and images are all available. The following are referenced by the National Library of Medicine:14 ·

Bioethics: Access to published literature on the ethical, legal, and public policy issues surrounding healthcare and biomedical research. This information is provided in conjunction with the Kennedy Institute of Ethics located at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_bioethics.html

·

HIV/AIDS Resources: Describes various links and databases dedicated to HIV/AIDS research: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/aidsinfs.html

·

NLM Online Exhibitions: Describes “Exhibitions in the History of Medicine”: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/exhibition.html. Additional resources for historical scholarship in medicine: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/hmd.html

·

Biotechnology Information: Access to public databases. The National Center for Biotechnology Information conducts research in computational biology, develops software tools for analyzing genome data, and disseminates biomedical information for the better understanding of molecular processes affecting human health and disease: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

·

Population Information: The National Library of Medicine provides access to worldwide coverage of population, family planning, and related health issues, including family planning technology and programs, fertility, and population law and policy: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_population.html

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Cancer Information: Access to cancer-oriented databases: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_cancer.html

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Profiles in Science: Offering the archival collections of prominent twentieth-century biomedical scientists to the public through modern digital technology: http://www.profiles.nlm.nih.gov/

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Chemical Information: Provides links to various chemical databases and references: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Chem/ChemMain.html

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Clinical Alerts: Reports the release of findings from the NIH-funded clinical trials where such release could significantly affect morbidity and mortality: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/alerts/clinical_alerts.html

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Space Life Sciences: Provides links and information to space-based research (including NASA): http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_space.html

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MEDLINE: Bibliographic database covering the fields of medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the healthcare system, and the pre-clinical sciences: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_medline.html

13 Remember, for the general public, the National Library of Medicine recommends the databases referenced in MEDLINEplus (http://medlineplus.gov/ or http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/databases.html). 14 See http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases.html.

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·

Toxicology and Environmental Health Information (TOXNET): Databases covering toxicology and environmental health: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Tox/ToxMain.html

·

Visible Human Interface: Anatomically detailed, three-dimensional representations of normal male and female human bodies: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_human.html The Combined Health Information Database

A comprehensive source of information on clinical guidelines written for professionals is the Combined Health Information Database. You will need to limit your search to one of the following: Brochure/Pamphlet, Fact Sheet, or Information Package, and “acupuncture” using the “Detailed Search” option. Go directly to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find associations, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” For the publication date, select “All Years.” Select your preferred language and the format option “Fact Sheet.” Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. The following is a sample result: ·

Traditional Oriental Medicine (Acupuncture & Chinese Herbs) Contact: AIDS Project Los Angeles, 3550 Wilshire Blvd Ste 300, Los Angeles, CA, 900102404, (213) 201-1600, http://www.apla.org. Summary: This report consists of a collection of works in which the authors explore and/or advocate the use of Chinese herbs and acupuncture in treating AIDS and HIV. The focus is on the tonic herbs astragalus, ganoderma, ginseng, and deer antler; the antitoxin herbs isatis, polygonum, and lenicara; and the blood circulation herbs salvia, millettia, and peony. Articles discuss potential antiviral aspects of the herbs, their uses for the treatment of AIDS, and clinical effects of the herbs on HIV symptoms. The report also includes samples of study results, a list of major formula ingredients, a description of the HIV clinic program at the American College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, an interview with herbalist Ron Teeguarden, and a transcript of a television show examining the increasing integration of Western and Eastern medicine. Several articles and book excerpts explore Chinese medical concepts and present theoretical description of treatment approaches. One of these considers immunology in Chinese medicine, emphasizing the immunostimulating polysaccharides from Chinese herbs; another explains how certain herbs enhance the vital force of "qi" in the body. An article on acupuncture discusses the history and principles of the technique, focusing on its uses for treating drug abuse and HIV-related symptoms such as Kaposi's sarcoma, diarrhea, and painful neuropathies. Another article traces the development of acupuncture treatment in the United States, listing various AIDS clinics and acupuncture centers that use acupuncture to treat patients with HIV. Also included are summaries of case studies of AIDS patients treated with Chinese herbs and acupuncture, an article on how to evaluate the effects of herbs and acupuncture, and a news release on AIDS clinical trial tests of acupuncture for pain relief. The report contains a resource list of practitioners of acupuncture and Chinese medicine in Los Angeles, CA.

·

Testimony on Acupuncture As A Treatment for AIDS. Testimony Presented to the New York City Council by Michael O. Smith, M.D., May 13, 1988 Contact: Lincoln Hospital, 349 E 140th St, Bronx, NY, 10454, (212) 579-5000.

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Summary: The use of acupuncture to relieve HIV-related symptoms (night sweats, fatigue, diarrhea, and acute skin reactions) and as a detoxifying and stress-relieving procedure is described. On the theory that acupuncture enhances the immune system, it is claimed that Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients treated during early stages of Kaposi's sarcoma were symptom-free 3 years later and that acupuncture used on substance abusers reduced their craving and relieved stress.

The NLM Gateway15 The NLM (National Library of Medicine) Gateway is a Web-based system that lets users search simultaneously in multiple retrieval systems at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). It allows users of NLM services to initiate searches from one Web interface, providing one-stop searching for many of NLM’s information resources or databases.16 To use the NLM Gateway, simply go to the search site at http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd. Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the search box and click “Search.” The results will be presented in a tabular form, indicating the number of references in each database category. Results Summary Category Journal Articles Books / Periodicals / Audio Visual Consumer Health Meeting Abstracts Other Collections Total

Items Found 301 2334 62 95 3 2795

HSTAT17 HSTAT is a free, Web-based resource that provides access to full-text documents used in healthcare decision-making.18 These documents include clinical practice guidelines, quickreference guides for clinicians, consumer health brochures, evidence reports and technology assessments from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), as well as AHRQ’s Put Prevention Into Practice.19 Simply search by “acupuncture” (or synonyms) at the following Web site: http://text.nlm.nih.gov.

Adapted from NLM: http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd?Overview.x. The NLM Gateway is currently being developed by the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications (LHNCBC) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 17 Adapted from HSTAT: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/hstat.html. 18 The HSTAT URL is http://hstat.nlm.nih.gov/. 19 Other important documents in HSTAT include: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Conference Reports and Technology Assessment Reports; the HIV/AIDS Treatment Information Service (ATIS) resource documents; the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (SAMHSA/CSAT) Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIP) and Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (SAMHSA/CSAP) Prevention Enhancement Protocols System (PEPS); the Public Health Service (PHS) Preventive Services Task Force's Guide to Clinical Preventive Services; the independent, nonfederal Task Force on Community Services’ Guide to Community Preventive Services; and the Health Technology Advisory Committee (HTAC) of the Minnesota Health Care Commission (MHCC) health technology evaluations. 15 16

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Coffee Break: Tutorials for Biologists20 Coffee Break is a general healthcare site that takes a scientific view of the news and covers recent breakthroughs in biology that may one day assist physicians in developing treatments. Here you will find a collection of short reports on recent biological discoveries. Each report incorporates interactive tutorials that demonstrate how bioinformatics tools are used as a part of the research process. Currently, all Coffee Breaks are written by NCBI staff.21 Each report is about 400 words and is usually based on a discovery reported in one or more articles from recently published, peer-reviewed literature.22 This site has new articles every few weeks, so it can be considered an online magazine of sorts. It is intended for general background information. You can access the Coffee Break Web site at the following hyperlink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/.

Other Commercial Databases In addition to resources maintained by official agencies, other databases exist that are commercial ventures addressing medical professionals. Here are some examples that may interest you: ·

CliniWeb International: Index and table of contents to selected clinical information on the Internet; see http://www.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/.

·

Medical World Search: Searches full text from thousands of selected medical sites on the Internet; see http://www.mwsearch.com/.

20 Adapted

from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/Archive/FAQ.html. The figure that accompanies each article is frequently supplied by an expert external to NCBI, in which case the source of the figure is cited. The result is an interactive tutorial that tells a biological story. 22 After a brief introduction that sets the work described into a broader context, the report focuses on how a molecular understanding can provide explanations of observed biology and lead to therapies for diseases. Each vignette is accompanied by a figure and hypertext links that lead to a series of pages that interactively show how NCBI tools and resources are used in the research process. 21

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APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES Overview Official agencies, as well as federally funded institutions supported by national grants, frequently publish a variety of guidelines written with the patient in mind. These are typically called “Fact Sheets” or “Guidelines.” They can take the form of a brochure, information kit, pamphlet, or flyer. Often they are only a few pages in length. Since new guidelines on acupuncture can appear at any moment and be published by a number of sources, the best approach to finding guidelines is to systematically scan the Internet-based services that post them.

Patient Guideline Sources The remainder of this chapter directs you to sources which either publish or can help you find additional guidelines on topics related to acupuncture. Due to space limitations, these sources are listed in a concise manner. Do not hesitate to consult the following sources by either using the Internet hyperlink provided, or, in cases where the contact information is provided, contacting the publisher or author directly.

The National Institutes of Health The NIH gateway to patients is located at http://health.nih.gov/. From this site, you can search across various sources and institutes, a number of which are summarized below.

Topic Pages: MEDLINEplus The National Library of Medicine has created a vast and patient-oriented healthcare information portal called MEDLINEplus. Within this Internet-based system are “health topic pages” which list links to available materials relevant to acupuncture. To access this system, log on to http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html. From there you can either search using the alphabetical index or browse by broad topic areas. Recently, MEDLINEplus listed the following when searched for “acupuncture”:

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·

Other Guides Arthritis http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/arthritis.html Osteoarthritis http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/osteoarthritis.html Rheumatoid Arthritis http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/rheumatoidarthritis.html

Within the health topic page dedicated to acupuncture, the following was listed: ·

General/Overviews Acupuncture Source: American Cancer Society http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Acupuncture.asp?sitea rea=ETO Acupuncture Source: Arthritis Foundation http://www.arthritis.org/resources/arthritistoday/2000_archives/2000_05_06_acu puncture.asp

·

Specific Conditions/Aspects Acupuncture Curbs Urge to Light Up Source: American Cancer Society http://www.cancer.org/docroot/NWS/content/NWS_1_1x_Acupuncture_Curbs_ Urge_to_Light_Up.asp Moxibustion Source: American Cancer Society http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Moxibustion.asp?sitear ea=ETO

·

From the National Institutes of Health Acupuncture Source: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine http://nccam.nih.gov/health/acupuncture/

·

Organizations National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine http://nccam.nih.gov/

·

Research Study Finds Acupuncture Shows Promise for Treating Cocaine Addiction Source: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health http://www.omhrc.gov/omhrc/pressreleases/2000press0813.htm

Patient Resources 377

You may also choose to use the search utility provided by MEDLINEplus at the following Web address: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/. Simply type a keyword into the search box and click “Search.” This utility is similar to the NIH search utility, with the exception that it only includes materials that are linked within the MEDLINEplus system (mostly patient-oriented information). It also has the disadvantage of generating unstructured results. We recommend, therefore, that you use this method only if you have a very targeted search. The Combined Health Information Database (CHID) CHID Online is a reference tool that maintains a database directory of thousands of journal articles and patient education guidelines on acupuncture. CHID offers summaries that describe the guidelines available, including contact information and pricing. CHID’s general Web site is http://chid.nih.gov/. To search this database, go to http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. In particular, you can use the advanced search options to look up pamphlets, reports, brochures, and information kits. The following was recently posted in this archive: ·

Acupuncture for HIV/Drug Treatment Contact: Queens Hospital Center, Social Work Department, Rape Crisis Program, 82-68 164th St, Jamaica, NY, 11432, (718) 883-3195, http://www.ci.nyc.ny.us/html/hhc/html/queens.html. Summary: This brochure describes the use of acupuncture as a treatment for drug abuse. It briefly covers the sensations that may be experienced during treatment, its safety, and efficacy. Explanations of the Chinese energy flow theory and the physiological basis for acupuncture therapy are provided. Also included are an outline of the three phases of the Queens Hospital Center's Acupuncture Program and an illustration of the acupuncture "points" on the human ear and their relationship to various parts of the body.

·

NIH Consensus Statement: Acupuncture Source: Bethesda, MD: Office of Medical Applications of Research, National Institutes of Health. 1997. 34 p. Contact: Available from NIH Consensus Program Information Center. P.O. Box 2577, Kensington, MD 20891. (888) 644-2667. Website: consensus.nih.gov. PRICE: Single copy free. Summary: This booklet provides the biomedical research and clinical practice communities with information on the appropriate use of acupuncture based on the results of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on Acupuncture. The general theory of acupuncture, which originated in China more than 2,000 years ago, is based on the premise that there are patterns of energy that flow through the body and are essential for health. Disease is believed to be caused by disruptions in this flow of energy. Acupuncture is believed to correct imbalances in this flow of energy at identifiable points close to the skin. Penetration of the skin with a long, thin needle is the usual method of acupuncture. Conference participants evaluated the scientific and medical data on the uses, risks, and benefits of acupuncture for various conditions. The consensus statement addresses the issues of the efficacy of acupuncture compared with placebo or sham acupuncture, the place of acupuncture in the treatment

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of various conditions for which sufficient data are available in comparison or in combination with other interventions, the biological effects of acupuncture that help in the understanding of how it works, the role of acupuncture in the current health care system, and the directions for future research. The conference panel concluded that clinical studies have shown that acupuncture is an effective treatment for nausea caused by anesthesia and cancer chemotherapy, dental pain following surgery, and pain from other causes. 67 references. ·

Acupuncture: NIH Consensus Statement Source: Kensington, MD: NIH Consensus Program Information Center. November 1997. 39 p. Contact: Available from National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Clearinghouse. P.O. Box 7923, Gaithersburg, MD 20898. (888) 644-6226; INTERNATIONAL PHONE: (301) 519-3153; TTY: (866) 464-3615; FAX: (866) 464-3616; EMAIL: [email protected]. PRICE: Free. Publication Number: D030. Summary: This consensus statement provides health care providers, patients, and the general public with a responsible assessment of the use and effectiveness of acupuncture for a variety of conditions. After the introduction, the report answers five major research questions: (1) What is the efficacy of acupuncture, compared with placebo or sham acupuncture, in the conditions for which sufficient data are available to evaluate? (2) What is the place of acupuncture in the treatment of various conditions for which sufficient data are available, in comparison or in combination with other interventions (including no intervention)? (3) What is known about the biological effects of acupuncture that helps us understand how it works? (4) What issues need to be addressed so that acupuncture can be appropriately incorporated into today's health care system? and (5) What are the directions for future research? The report includes a summary of conclusions drawn at the conference and a list of experts who served as members of the consensus development panel. 67 references.

·

Chinese Acupuncture Contact: University of New Mexico School of Medicine, New Mexico AIDS Education and Training Center, New Mexico AIDS InfoNet, PO Box 810, Arroyo Seco, NM, 87514, (505) 776-8032, http://www.aidsinfonet.org. Summary: This information sheet discusses acupuncture, a technique in traditional Chinese medicine. It provides historical information about acupuncture and examines why it is popular among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It describes acupuncture as a healing technique that uses very thin needles to stimulate specific points in the body and improve the flow and balance of energy. The information sheet describes the possible risks and side effects associated with acupuncture.

·

Infection Control Recommendations for Skin Piercing Procedures Such as Acupuncture, Hair Electrolysis, Ear Piercing and Tattooing Contact: Australian National Council on AIDS Hepatitis C and Related Diseases, GPO Box 9848 MDP 13, Canberra, (011) 62897767, http://www.ancahrd.org. Summary: This fact sheet outlines infection-control procedures to be followed when performing acupuncture, hair electrolysis, ear-piercing and tattooing. It explains handwashing, preparing the client's skin, and how to clean wound or needlestick


injuries. Procedures for proper care and use of equipment are given, which include sterilization and cleaning blood-soiled surfaces. ·

Acupuncture Information and Resources Package Source: Bethesda, MD: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). 1999. 16 p. Contact: Available from National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) Clearinghouse. P.O. Box 8218, Silver Spring, MD 20907-8218. (888) 644-6226. Fax (301) 495-4957. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: altmed.od.nih.gov/nccam. Summary: This fact sheet provides the general public with an overview of acupuncture. This medical procedure, which originated in China more than 2,000 years ago, became widely known in the United States in 1971 when a newspaper reporter wrote about how doctors in Beijing, China, used needles to ease his abdominal pain after surgery. According to Chinese medicine, acupuncture is believed to balance the opposing forces of yin and yang, keep the normal flow of energy unblocked, and restore health to the body and mind. Several processes have been proposed to explain the effects of acupuncture on pain. Acupuncture points are believed to stimulate the central nervous system to release chemicals into the muscles, spinal cord, and brain. Mechanisms through which these chemicals are released include conduction of electromagnetic signals; activation of opioid systems; and changes in brain chemistry, sensation, and involuntary body functions. Clinical studies have shown that acupuncture is an effective treatment for nausea caused by anesthesia and cancer chemotherapy, dental pain following surgery, and pain from other causes. Research centers supported by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine are conducting studies on using complementary and alternative medicine to treat specific health conditions and diseases. Various factors influence the effectiveness of acupuncture for different people, so health consumers need to discuss acupuncture with their doctor. Guidelines for selecting a licensed acupuncture practitioner include checking credentials, treatment cost and insurance coverage, and treatment procedures. The fact sheet also includes a list of books, journals, organizations, and Internet resources and a glossary that defines terms italicized in the text. 35 references.

·

Acupuncture Source: Gaithersburg, MD: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2002. 12 p. Contact: Available from National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Clearinghouse. P.O. Box 7923, Gaithersburg, MD 20898. (888) 644-6226; INTERNATIONAL PHONE: (301) 519-3153; TTY: (866) 464-3615; FAX: (866) 464-3616; EMAIL: [email protected]. PRICE: Free. Publication Number: D003. Summary: This fact sheet provides an overview of acupuncture and sources of additional information. It discusses acupuncture theories, proposed mechanisms of action, evidence from clinical studies, FDA's role and the regulation of acupuncture needles, and the sensation of acupuncture. It also describes some of the clinical research sponsored by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, and offers guidelines for finding a licensed acupuncture practitioner. It contains a glossary of terms and a list of resources for more information. 36 references.

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·

California Acupuncture Board: Fact Sheet and Questions Source: Sacramento, CA: Acupuncture Board, Department of Consumer Affairs. 2002. 3 p. Contact: Available from Acupuncture Board. Department of Consumer Affairs, 1424 Howe Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95825-3233. (916) 263-2680; FAX: (916) 263-2654; E-mail: [email protected]. PRICE: Free. Summary: This fact sheet provides a brief overview of the Acupuncture Board in California, followed by information about acupuncture in a question and answer format. The information includes what acupuncture is, what Oriental medicine is, how acupuncture works, and what patients should expect during treatment.

·

California Acupuncture Board: Frequently Asked Questions Source: Sacramento, CA: Acupuncture Board, Department of Consumer Affairs. 2002. 4 p. Contact: Available from Acupuncture Board. Department of Consumer Affairs, 1424 Howe Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95825-3233. (916) 263-2680; FAX: (916) 263-2654; E-mail: [email protected]. PRICE: Free. Summary: This fact sheet provides information about acupuncture for both consumers and licensees in a question and answer format. For consumers, it includes information about the licenses required for acupuncturists, how consumers can get referrals to acupuncturists and whether insurance will cover treatment, what patients can expect during an acupuncture treatment, and information about needles. For licensees, it includes information about initial licenses and renewals, continuing education, and address and name changes on licenses.

Healthfinder™ Healthfinder™ is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and offers links to hundreds of other sites that contain healthcare information. This Web site is located at http://www.healthfinder.gov. Again, keyword searches can be used to find guidelines. The following was recently found in this database: ·

Acupuncture Summary: Acupuncture is one of the oldest, most commonly used medical procedures in the world. Research shows that acupuncture is beneficial in treating a variety of health conditions. Source: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=7457


·

Acupuncture ( Arthritis Foundation) Summary: The Chinese therapy of acupuncture has been used for millennia to treat a range of ailments. Source: Arthritis Foundation http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=7454

·

Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Alliance Practitioner Search Summary: Directory of national organizations that are involved in the field of medical acupuncture and oriental medicine. Includes addresses -- internet and postal, and phone numbers. Source: Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Alliance http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=4073

·

Acupuncture Consensus Statement - National Institutes of Health Summary: To address important issues regarding acupuncture, the NIH Office of Alternative Medicine and the NIH Office of Medical Applications of Research organized a 21/2-day conference to evaluate the Source: NIH Consensus Development Program, Office Medical Applications of Research http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=1275

·

Acupuncture Information and Resources Summary: This online document presents general information about acupuncture, summaries of NIH research findings on acupuncture, information for the health consumer, a list of additional information resources, Source: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=6047

·

Acupuncture Resource Guide Summary: A resource guide for Acupuncture. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc. http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=7609

·

American Academy of Medical Acupuncture: Referral Index Summary: A searchable database of medical acupuncturists in the United States and Canada. From this page, users can also link to other acupuncture related resources. Source: American Academy of Medical Acupuncture http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=4009

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·

Current Bibliographies in Medicine - Acupuncture Summary: An online bibliography focusing on acupuncture. Selected trials and other data are organized according to illness and medical specialty. Source: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=4003

·

FAQ - About Acupuncture Summary: The American Academy of Medical Acupuncture answers some commonly asked questions about acupuncture and medical acupuncturists. Source: American Academy of Medical Acupuncture http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=3935

·

FAQ - About Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Summary: Answers to the most commonly asked questions about oriental medicine and acupuncture: what is oriental medicine, how does acupuncture work -- is it safe, is it painful and for which kinds of ailments Source: Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Alliance http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=4071

·

Find a Certified Practitioner of Acupuncture, Chinese Herbology, or Asian Bodywork Therapy Summary: Search for an NCCAOM diplomate in acupuncture, Chinese herbology, or Asian bodywork therapy. Source: National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=6817 The NIH Search Utility

The NIH search utility allows you to search for documents on over 100 selected Web sites that comprise the NIH-WEB-SPACE. Each of these servers is “crawled” and indexed on an ongoing basis. Your search will produce a list of various documents, all of which will relate in some way to acupuncture. The drawbacks of this approach are that the information is not organized by theme and that the references are often a mix of information for professionals and patients. Nevertheless, a large number of the listed Web sites provide useful background information. We can only recommend this route, therefore, for relatively rare or specific disorders, or when using highly targeted searches. To use the NIH search utility, visit the following Web page: http://search.nih.gov/index.html.


Additional Web Sources

A number of Web sites are available to the public that often link to government sites. These can also point you in the direction of essential information. The following is a representative sample: ·


·

Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/specific.htm

·

Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

·

Med Help International: http://www.medhelp.org/HealthTopics/A.html

·

Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

·

Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Diseases_and_Conditions/

·

WebMDÒHealth: http://my.webmd.com/health_topics

Finding Associations There are a number of Internet directories that provide lists of medical associations with information on or resources relating to acupuncture. By consulting all of associations listed in this chapter, you will have nearly exhausted all sources for patient associations concerned with acupuncture.

The National Health Information Center (NHIC) The National Health Information Center (NHIC) offers a free referral service to help people find organizations that provide information about acupuncture. For more information, see the NHIC’s Web site at http://www.health.gov/NHIC/ or contact an information specialist by calling 1-800-336-4797.

Directory of Health Organizations The Directory of Health Organizations, provided by the National Library of Medicine Specialized Information Services, is a comprehensive source of information on associations. The Directory of Health Organizations database can be accessed via the Internet at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/Dir/DirMain.html. It is composed of two parts: DIRLINE and Health Hotlines. The DIRLINE database comprises some 10,000 records of organizations, research centers, and government institutes and associations that primarily focus on health and biomedicine. To access DIRLINE directly, go to the following Web site: http://dirline.nlm.nih.gov/. Simply type in “acupuncture” (or a synonym), and you will receive information on all relevant organizations listed in the database. Health Hotlines directs you to toll-free numbers to over 300 organizations. You can access this database directly at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/hotlines/. On this page, you are given the option to search by keyword or by browsing the subject list. When you have received

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your search results, click on the name of the organization for its description and contact information.

The Combined Health Information Database Another comprehensive source of information on healthcare associations is the Combined Health Information Database. Using the “Detailed Search” option, you will need to limit your search to “Organizations” and “acupuncture”. Type the following hyperlink into your Web browser: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find associations, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” For publication date, select “All Years.” Then, select your preferred language and the format option “Organization Resource Sheet.” Type “acupuncture” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this database since it is updated every three months. The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. has prepared a Web site that provides, at no charge, lists of associations organized by health topic. You can access this database at the following Web site: http://www.rarediseases.org/search/orgsearch.html. Type “acupuncture” (or a synonym) into the search box, and click “Submit Query.”

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APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES Overview In this Appendix, we show you how to quickly find a medical library in your area.

Preparation Your local public library and medical libraries have interlibrary loan programs with the National Library of Medicine (NLM), one of the largest medical collections in the world. According to the NLM, most of the literature in the general and historical collections of the National Library of Medicine is available on interlibrary loan to any library. If you would like to access NLM medical literature, then visit a library in your area that can request the publications for you.23

Finding a Local Medical Library The quickest method to locate medical libraries is to use the Internet-based directory published by the National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NN/LM). This network includes 4626 members and affiliates that provide many services to librarians, health professionals, and the public. To find a library in your area, simply visit http://nnlm.gov/members/adv.html or call 1-800-338-7657.

Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada In addition to the NN/LM, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) lists a number of libraries with reference facilities. The following is the NLM’s list and includes hyperlinks to each library’s Web site. These Web pages can provide information on hours of operation and other restrictions. The list below is a small sample of libraries recommended by the National

23

Adapted from the NLM: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/psd/cas/interlibrary.html.

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Library of Medicine (sorted alphabetically by name of the U.S. state or Canadian province where the library is located)24: ·

Alabama: Health InfoNet of Jefferson County (Jefferson County Library Cooperative, Lister Hill Library of the Health Sciences), http://www.uab.edu/infonet/

·

Alabama: Richard M. Scrushy Library (American Sports Medicine Institute)

·

Arizona: Samaritan Regional Medical Center: The Learning Center (Samaritan Health System, Phoenix, Arizona), http://www.samaritan.edu/library/bannerlibs.htm

·

California: Kris Kelly Health Information Center (St. Joseph Health System, Humboldt), http://www.humboldt1.com/~kkhic/index.html

·

California: Community Health Library of Los Gatos, http://www.healthlib.org/orgresources.html

·

California: Consumer Health Program and Services (CHIPS) (County of Los Angeles Public Library, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Library) - Carson, CA, http://www.colapublib.org/services/chips.html

·

California: Gateway Health Library (Sutter Gould Medical Foundation)

·

California: Health Library (Stanford University Medical Center), http://wwwmed.stanford.edu/healthlibrary/

·

California: Patient Education Resource Center - Health Information and Resources (University of California, San Francisco), http://sfghdean.ucsf.edu/barnett/PERC/default.asp

·

California: Redwood Health Library (Petaluma Health Care District), http://www.phcd.org/rdwdlib.html

·

California: Los Gatos PlaneTree Health Library, http://planetreesanjose.org/

·

California: Sutter Resource Library (Sutter Hospitals Foundation, Sacramento), http://suttermedicalcenter.org/library/

·

California: Health Sciences Libraries (University of California, Davis), http://www.lib.ucdavis.edu/healthsci/

·

California: ValleyCare Health Library & Ryan Comer Cancer Resource Center (ValleyCare Health System, Pleasanton), http://gaelnet.stmarysca.edu/other.libs/gbal/east/vchl.html

·

California: Washington Community Health Resource Library (Fremont), http://www.healthlibrary.org/

·

Colorado: William V. Gervasini Memorial Library (Exempla Healthcare), http://www.saintjosephdenver.org/yourhealth/libraries/

·

Connecticut: Hartford Hospital Health Science Libraries (Hartford Hospital), http://www.harthosp.org/library/

·

Connecticut: Healthnet: Connecticut Consumer Health Information Center (University of Connecticut Health Center, Lyman Maynard Stowe Library), http://library.uchc.edu/departm/hnet/

24

Abstracted from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/libraries.html.

Finding Medical Libraries 387

·

Connecticut: Waterbury Hospital Health Center Library (Waterbury Hospital, Waterbury), http://www.waterburyhospital.com/library/consumer.shtml

·

Delaware: Consumer Health Library (Christiana Care Health System, Eugene du Pont Preventive Medicine & Rehabilitation Institute, Wilmington), http://www.christianacare.org/health_guide/health_guide_pmri_health_info.cfm

·

Delaware: Lewis B. Flinn Library (Delaware Academy of Medicine, Wilmington), http://www.delamed.org/chls.html

·

Georgia: Family Resource Library (Medical College of Georgia, Augusta), http://cmc.mcg.edu/kids_families/fam_resources/fam_res_lib/frl.htm

·

Georgia: Health Resource Center (Medical Center of Central Georgia, Macon), http://www.mccg.org/hrc/hrchome.asp

·

Hawaii: Hawaii Medical Library: Consumer Health Information Service (Hawaii Medical Library, Honolulu), http://hml.org/CHIS/

·

Idaho: DeArmond Consumer Health Library (Kootenai Medical Center, Coeur d’Alene), http://www.nicon.org/DeArmond/index.htm

·

Illinois: Health Learning Center of Northwestern Memorial Hospital (Chicago), http://www.nmh.org/health_info/hlc.html

·

Illinois: Medical Library (OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria), http://www.osfsaintfrancis.org/general/library/

·

Kentucky: Medical Library - Services for Patients, Families, Students & the Public (Central Baptist Hospital, Lexington), http://www.centralbap.com/education/community/library.cfm

·

Kentucky: University of Kentucky - Health Information Library (Chandler Medical Center, Lexington), http://www.mc.uky.edu/PatientEd/

·

Louisiana: Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation Library (Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans), http://www.ochsner.org/library/

·

Louisiana: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Medical LibraryShreveport, http://lib-sh.lsuhsc.edu/

·

Maine: Franklin Memorial Hospital Medical Library (Franklin Memorial Hospital, Farmington), http://www.fchn.org/fmh/lib.htm

·

Maine: Gerrish-True Health Sciences Library (Central Maine Medical Center, Lewiston), http://www.cmmc.org/library/library.html

·

Maine: Hadley Parrot Health Science Library (Eastern Maine Healthcare, Bangor), http://www.emh.org/hll/hpl/guide.htm

·

Maine: Maine Medical Center Library (Maine Medical Center, Portland), http://www.mmc.org/library/

·

Maine: Parkview Hospital (Brunswick), http://www.parkviewhospital.org/

·

Maine: Southern Maine Medical Center Health Sciences Library (Southern Maine Medical Center, Biddeford), http://www.smmc.org/services/service.php3?choice=10

·

Maine: Stephens Memorial Hospital’s Health Information Library (Western Maine Health, Norway), http://www.wmhcc.org/Library/

388 Acupuncture

·

Manitoba, Canada: Consumer & Patient Health Information Service (University of Manitoba Libraries), http://www.umanitoba.ca/libraries/units/health/reference/chis.html

·

Manitoba, Canada: J.W. Crane Memorial Library (Deer Lodge Centre, Winnipeg), http://www.deerlodge.mb.ca/crane_library/about.asp

·

Maryland: Health Information Center at the Wheaton Regional Library (Montgomery County, Dept. of Public Libraries, Wheaton Regional Library), http://www.mont.lib.md.us/healthinfo/hic.asp

·

Massachusetts: Baystate Medical Center Library (Baystate Health System), http://www.baystatehealth.com/1024/

·

Massachusetts: Boston University Medical Center Alumni Medical Library (Boston University Medical Center), http://med-libwww.bu.edu/library/lib.html

·

Massachusetts: Lowell General Hospital Health Sciences Library (Lowell General Hospital, Lowell), http://www.lowellgeneral.org/library/HomePageLinks/WWW.htm

·

Massachusetts: Paul E. Woodard Health Sciences Library (New England Baptist Hospital, Boston), http://www.nebh.org/health_lib.asp

·

Massachusetts: St. Luke’s Hospital Health Sciences Library (St. Luke’s Hospital, Southcoast Health System, New Bedford), http://www.southcoast.org/library/

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Massachusetts: Treadwell Library Consumer Health Reference Center (Massachusetts General Hospital), http://www.mgh.harvard.edu/library/chrcindex.html

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Massachusetts: UMass HealthNet (University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester), http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/

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Michigan: Botsford General Hospital Library - Consumer Health (Botsford General Hospital, Library & Internet Services), http://www.botsfordlibrary.org/consumer.htm

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Michigan: Helen DeRoy Medical Library (Providence Hospital and Medical Centers), http://www.providence-hospital.org/library/

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Michigan: Marquette General Hospital - Consumer Health Library (Marquette General Hospital, Health Information Center), http://www.mgh.org/center.html

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Michigan: Patient Education Resouce Center - University of Michigan Cancer Center (University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor), http://www.cancer.med.umich.edu/learn/leares.htm

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Michigan: Sladen Library & Center for Health Information Resources - Consumer Health Information (Detroit), http://www.henryford.com/body.cfm?id=39330

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Montana: Center for Health Information (St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center, Missoula)

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National: Consumer Health Library Directory (Medical Library Association, Consumer and Patient Health Information Section), http://caphis.mlanet.org/directory/index.html

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National: National Network of Libraries of Medicine (National Library of Medicine) provides library services for health professionals in the United States who do not have access to a medical library, http://nnlm.gov/

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National: NN/LM List of Libraries Serving the Public (National Network of Libraries of Medicine), http://nnlm.gov/members/

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Nevada: Health Science Library, West Charleston Library (Las Vegas-Clark County Library District, Las Vegas), http://www.lvccld.org/special_collections/medical/index.htm

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New Hampshire: Dartmouth Biomedical Libraries (Dartmouth College Library, Hanover), http://www.dartmouth.edu/~biomed/resources.htmld/conshealth.htmld/

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New Jersey: Consumer Health Library (Rahway Hospital, Rahway), http://www.rahwayhospital.com/library.htm

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New Jersey: Dr. Walter Phillips Health Sciences Library (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.englewoodhospital.com/links/index.htm

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New Jersey: Meland Foundation (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/9360/

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New York: Choices in Health Information (New York Public Library) - NLM Consumer Pilot Project participant, http://www.nypl.org/branch/health/links.html

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New York: Health Information Center (Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse), http://www.upstate.edu/library/hic/

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New York: Health Sciences Library (Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park), http://www.lij.edu/library/library.html

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New York: ViaHealth Medical Library (Rochester General Hospital), http://www.nyam.org/library/

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Ohio: Consumer Health Library (Akron General Medical Center, Medical & Consumer Health Library), http://www.akrongeneral.org/hwlibrary.htm

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Oklahoma: The Health Information Center at Saint Francis Hospital (Saint Francis Health System, Tulsa), http://www.sfh-tulsa.com/services/healthinfo.asp

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Oregon: Planetree Health Resource Center (Mid-Columbia Medical Center, The Dalles), http://www.mcmc.net/phrc/

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Pennsylvania: Community Health Information Library (Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey), http://www.hmc.psu.edu/commhealth/

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Pennsylvania: Community Health Resource Library (Geisinger Medical Center, Danville), http://www.geisinger.edu/education/commlib.shtml

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Pennsylvania: HealthInfo Library (Moses Taylor Hospital, Scranton), http://www.mth.org/healthwellness.html

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Pennsylvania: Hopwood Library (University of Pittsburgh, Health Sciences Library System, Pittsburgh), http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/chi/hopwood/index_html

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Pennsylvania: Koop Community Health Information Center (College of Physicians of Philadelphia), http://www.collphyphil.org/kooppg1.shtml

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Pennsylvania: Learning Resources Center - Medical Library (Susquehanna Health System, Williamsport), http://www.shscares.org/services/lrc/index.asp

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Pennsylvania: Medical Library (UPMC Health System, Pittsburgh), http://www.upmc.edu/passavant/library.htm

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Quebec, Canada: Medical Library (Montreal General Hospital), http://www.mghlib.mcgill.ca/

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South Dakota: Rapid City Regional Hospital Medical Library (Rapid City Regional Hospital), http://www.rcrh.org/Services/Library/Default.asp

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Texas: Houston HealthWays (Houston Academy of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library), http://hhw.library.tmc.edu/

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Washington: Community Health Library (Kittitas Valley Community Hospital), http://www.kvch.com/

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Washington: Southwest Washington Medical Center Library (Southwest Washington Medical Center, Vancouver), http://www.swmedicalcenter.com/body.cfm?id=72

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ONLINE GLOSSARIES The Internet provides access to a number of free-to-use medical dictionaries. The National Library of Medicine has compiled the following list of online dictionaries: ·

ADAM Medical Encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.), comprehensive medical reference: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html

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MedicineNet.com Medical Dictionary (MedicineNet, Inc.): http://www.medterms.com/Script/Main/hp.asp

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Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary (Inteli-Health, Inc.): http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/

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Multilingual Glossary of Technical and Popular Medical Terms in Eight European Languages (European Commission) - Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish: http://allserv.rug.ac.be/~rvdstich/eugloss/welcome.html

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On-line Medical Dictionary (CancerWEB): http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/

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Rare Diseases Terms (Office of Rare Diseases): http://ord.aspensys.com/asp/diseases/diseases.asp

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Technology Glossary (National Library of Medicine) - Health Care Technology: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nichsr/ta101/ta10108.htm

Beyond these, MEDLINEplus contains a very patient-friendly encyclopedia covering every aspect of medicine (licensed from A.D.A.M., Inc.). The ADAM Medical Encyclopedia can be accessed at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html. ADAM is also available on commercial Web sites such as drkoop.com (http://www.drkoop.com/) and Web MD (http://my.webmd.com/adam/asset/adam_disease_articles/a_to_z/a). The NIH suggests the following Web sites in the ADAM Medical Encyclopedia when searching for information on acupuncture: ·

Basic Guidelines for Acupuncture Acupuncture and pain Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002064.htm

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Signs & Symptoms for Acupuncture Back pain Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003108.htm Headache Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003024.htm

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·

Background Topics for Acupuncture Pain reliever Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002123.htm

Online Dictionary Directories The following are additional online directories compiled by the National Library of Medicine, including a number of specialized medical dictionaries: ·

Medical Dictionaries: Medical & Biological (World Health Organization): http://www.who.int/hlt/virtuallibrary/English/diction.htm#Medical

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MEL-Michigan Electronic Library List of Online Health and Medical Dictionaries (Michigan Electronic Library): http://mel.lib.mi.us/health/health-dictionaries.html

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Patient Education: Glossaries (DMOZ Open Directory Project): http://dmoz.org/Health/Education/Patient_Education/Glossaries/

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Web of Online Dictionaries (Bucknell University): http://www.yourdictionary.com/diction5.html#medicine

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ACUPUNCTURE DICTIONARY The definitions below are derived from official public sources, including the National Institutes of Health [NIH] and the European Union [EU]. Abdomen: That portion of the body that lies between the thorax and the pelvis. [NIH] Abdominal: Having to do with the abdomen, which is the part of the body between the chest and the hips that contains the pancreas, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and other organs. [NIH] Abdominal Pain: Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region. [NIH] Abduction: Forcible pulling of a limb away from its natural position, a risk in road accidents and disasters; move outwards away from middle line. [NIH] Ablation: The removal of an organ by surgery. [NIH] Abortion: 1. the premature expulsion from the uterus of the products of conception - of the embryo, or of a nonviable fetus. The four classic symptoms, usually present in each type of abortion, are uterine contractions, uterine haemorrhage, softening and dilatation of the cervix, and presentation or expulsion of all or part of the products of conception. 2. premature stoppage of a natural or a pathological process. [EU] Abscess: Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection. [NIH] Accessory Nerve: The 11th cranial nerve. The accessory nerve originates from neurons in the medulla and in the cervical spinal cord. It has a cranial root, which joins the vagus (10th cranial) nerve and sends motor fibers to the muscles of the larynx, and a spinal root, which sends motor fibers to the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. Damage to the nerve produces weakness in head rotation and shoulder elevation. [NIH] Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak antiinflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage. [NIH] Acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. It is generally not used as an administered drug because it is broken down very rapidly by cholinesterases, but it is useful in some ophthalmological applications. [NIH] Acetylcholinesterase: An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to choline and acetate. In the CNS, this enzyme plays a role in the function of peripheral neuromuscular junctions. EC 3.1.1.7. [NIH] Acne: A disorder of the skin marked by inflammation of oil glands and hair glands. [NIH] Acoustic: Having to do with sound or hearing. [NIH] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive Tlymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993. [NIH] Acuity: Clarity or clearness, especially of the vision. [EU]

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Acupuncture Analgesia: Analgesia produced by the insertion of acupuncture needles at certain points in the body. These activate the small myelinated nerve fibers in the muscle which transmit impulses to the spinal cord and then activate three centers - the spinal cord, midbrain and pituitary hypothalamus - to produce analgesia. [NIH] Acupuncture Anesthesia: Insertion of acupuncture needles at specific points in the body to block the afferent nerve impulses from reaching the brain, thus producing the loss of sensation of pain. The technique is used in performing surgery. [NIH] Acupuncture Points: Designated locations along nerves or organ meridians for inserting acupuncture needles. [NIH] Acupuncture Therapy: Treatment of disease by inserting needles along specific pathways or meridians. The placement varies with the disease being treated. Heat or moxibustion and acupressure may be used in conjunction. [NIH] Adenoma: A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. [NIH] Adipose Tissue: Connective tissue composed of fat cells lodged in the meshes of areolar tissue. [NIH] Adjunctive therapy: Another treatment used together with the primary treatment. Its purpose is to assist the primary treatment. [NIH] Adjustment: The dynamic process wherein the thoughts, feelings, behavior, and biophysiological mechanisms of the individual continually change to adjust to the environment. [NIH] Adjuvant: A substance which aids another, such as an auxiliary remedy; in immunology, nonspecific stimulator (e.g., BCG vaccine) of the immune response. [EU] Adjuvant therapy: Treatment given after the primary treatment to increase the chances of a cure. Adjuvant therapy may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or hormone therapy. [NIH]

Adolescence: The period of life beginning with the appearance of secondary sex characteristics and terminating with the cessation of somatic growth. The years usually referred to as adolescence lie between 13 and 18 years of age. [NIH] Adrenal Cortex: The outer layer of the adrenal gland. It secretes mineralocorticoids, androgens, and glucocorticoids. [NIH] Adrenal Glands: Paired glands situated in the retroperitoneal tissues at the superior pole of each kidney. [NIH] Adrenal Medulla: The inner part of the adrenal gland; it synthesizes, stores and releases catecholamines. [NIH] Adrenaline: A hormone. Also called epinephrine. [NIH] Adrenergic: Activated by, characteristic of, or secreting epinephrine or substances with similar activity; the term is applied to those nerve fibres that liberate norepinephrine at a synapse when a nerve impulse passes, i.e., the sympathetic fibres. [EU] Adverse effect: An unwanted side effect of treatment. [NIH] Afferent: Concerned with the transmission of neural impulse toward the central part of the nervous system. [NIH] Affinity: 1. inherent likeness or relationship. 2. a special attraction for a specific element, organ, or structure. 3. chemical affinity; the force that binds atoms in molecules; the tendency of substances to combine by chemical reaction. 4. the strength of noncovalent chemical binding between two substances as measured by the dissociation constant of the complex. 5. in immunology, a thermodynamic expression of the strength of interaction

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between a single antigen-binding site and a single antigenic determinant (and thus of the stereochemical compatibility between them), most accurately applied to interactions among simple, uniform antigenic determinants such as haptens. Expressed as the association constant (K litres mole -1), which, owing to the heterogeneity of affinities in a population of antibody molecules of a given specificity, actually represents an average value (mean intrinsic association constant). 6. the reciprocal of the dissociation constant. [EU] Agalactia: Absence or failure of the secretion of milk; called also agalactosis. [EU] Age Groups: Persons classified by age from birth (infant, newborn) to octogenarians and older (aged, 80 and over). [NIH] Aged, 80 and over: A person 80 years of age and older. [NIH] Agonist: In anatomy, a prime mover. In pharmacology, a drug that has affinity for and stimulates physiologic activity at cell receptors normally stimulated by naturally occurring substances. [EU] Agoraphobia: Obsessive, persistent, intense fear of open places. [NIH] Airway: A device for securing unobstructed passage of air into and out of the lungs during general anesthesia. [NIH] Airway Resistance: Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow. [NIH] Albumin: 1. any protein that is soluble in water and moderately concentrated salt solutions and is coagulable by heat. 2. serum albumin; the major plasma protein (approximately 60 per cent of the total), which is responsible for much of the plasma colloidal osmotic pressure and serves as a transport protein carrying large organic anions, such as fatty acids, bilirubin, and many drugs, and also carrying certain hormones, such as cortisol and thyroxine, when their specific binding globulins are saturated. Albumin is synthesized in the liver. Low serum levels occur in protein malnutrition, active inflammation and serious hepatic and renal disease. [EU] Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of fentanyl. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients. [NIH] Alkaloid: A member of a large group of chemicals that are made by plants and have nitrogen in them. Some alkaloids have been shown to work against cancer. [NIH] Allergic Rhinitis: Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane associated with hay fever; fits may be provoked by substances in the working environment. [NIH] Alopecia: Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present. [NIH] Alpha-1: A protein with the property of inactivating proteolytic enzymes such as leucocyte collagenase and elastase. [NIH] Alprenolol: 1-((1-Methylethyl)amino)-3-(2-(2-propenyl)phenoxy)-2-propanol. Adrenergic beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent. [NIH] Alternative medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used instead of standard treatments. Alternative medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation. [NIH]

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Amine: An organic compound containing nitrogen; any member of a group of chemical compounds formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more of the hydrogen atoms by organic (hydrocarbon) radicals. The amines are distinguished as primary, secondary, and tertiary, according to whether one, two, or three hydrogen atoms are replaced. The amines include allylamine, amylamine, ethylamine, methylamine, phenylamine, propylamine, and many other compounds. [EU] Amino acid: Any organic compound containing an amino (-NH2 and a carboxyl (- COOH) group. The 20 a-amino acids listed in the accompanying table are the amino acids from which proteins are synthesized by formation of peptide bonds during ribosomal translation of messenger RNA; all except glycine, which is not optically active, have the L configuration. Other amino acids occurring in proteins, such as hydroxyproline in collagen, are formed by posttranslational enzymatic modification of amino acids residues in polypeptide chains. There are also several important amino acids, such as the neurotransmitter y-aminobutyric acid, that have no relation to proteins. Abbreviated AA. [EU] Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining protein conformation. [NIH] Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antaganize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines. [NIH] Amnestic: Nominal aphasia; a difficulty in finding the right name for an object. [NIH] Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to ampicillin except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. [NIH] Amphetamines: Analogs or derivatives of amphetamine. Many are sympathomimetics and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vasopression, bronchodilation, and to varying degrees, anorexia, analepsis, nasal decongestion, and some smooth muscle relaxation. [NIH] Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broadspectrum antibiotic. [NIH] Amygdala: Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The amygdala is part of the limbic system. [NIH]

Anaesthesia: Loss of feeling or sensation. Although the term is used for loss of tactile sensibility, or of any of the other senses, it is applied especially to loss of the sensation of pain, as it is induced to permit performance of surgery or other painful procedures. [EU] Anaesthetic: 1. pertaining to, characterized by, or producing anaesthesia. 2. a drug or agent that is used to abolish the sensation of pain. [EU] Anal: Having to do with the anus, which is the posterior opening of the large bowel. [NIH] Analgesic: An agent that alleviates pain without causing loss of consciousness. [EU] Analog: In chemistry, a substance that is similar, but not identical, to another. [NIH] Analogous: Resembling or similar in some respects, as in function or appearance, but not in origin or development;. [EU] Anaphylatoxins: The family of peptides C3a, C4a, C5a, and C5a des-arginine produced in the serum during complement activation. They produce smooth muscle contraction, mast cell histamine release, affect platelet aggregation, and act as mediators of the local inflammatory process. The order of anaphylatoxin activity from strongest to weakest is C5a,

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C3a, C4a, and C5a des-arginine. The latter is the so-called "classical" anaphylatoxin but shows no spasmogenic activity though it contains some chemotactic ability. [NIH] Anatomical: Pertaining to anatomy, or to the structure of the organism. [EU] Anemia: A reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes or in the quantity of hemoglobin. [NIH] Anesthesia: A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. [NIH] Aneurysm: A sac formed by the dilatation of the wall of an artery, a vein, or the heart. [NIH] Angina: Chest pain that originates in the heart. [NIH] Angina Pectoris: The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to myocardial ischemia usually of distinctive character, location and radiation, and provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the myocardium exceed the capacity of the coronary circulation to supply it. [NIH] Angiopathy: Disease of the blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) that occurs when someone has diabetes for a long time. There are two types of angiopathy: macroangiopathy and microangiopathy. In macroangiopathy, fat and blood clots build up in the large blood vessels, stick to the vessel walls, and block the flow of blood. In microangiopathy, the walls of the smaller blood vessels become so thick and weak that they bleed, leak protein, and slow the flow of blood through the body. Then the cells, for example, the ones in the center of the eye, do not get enough blood and may be damaged. [NIH] Angiotensinogen: An alpha-globulin of which a fragment of 14 amino acids is converted by renin to angiotensin I, the inactive precursor of angiotensin II. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. [NIH] Animal model: An animal with a disease either the same as or like a disease in humans. Animal models are used to study the development and progression of diseases and to test new treatments before they are given to humans. Animals with transplanted human cancers or other tissues are called xenograft models. [NIH] Ankle: That part of the lower limb directly above the foot. [NIH] Ankle Joint: The joint that is formed by the inferior articular and malleolar articular surfaces of the tibia, the malleolar articular surface of the fibula, and the medial malleolar, lateral malleolar, and superior surfaces of the talus. [NIH] Anorexia: Clinical manifestation consisting of a physiopathological lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. [NIH] Anovulation: Suspension or cessation of ovulation in animals and humans. [NIH] Anterior Cerebral Artery: Artery formed by the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery. Branches of the anterior cerebral artery supply the caudate nucleus, internal capsule, putamen, septal nuclei, gyrus cinguli, and surfaces of the frontal lobe and parietal lobe. [NIH] Antiasthmatic: An agent that relieves the spasm of asthma. [EU] Antibacterial: A substance that destroys bacteria or suppresses their growth or reproduction. [EU] Antibiotic: A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms. [NIH]

Antibody: A type of protein made by certain white blood cells in response to a foreign substance (antigen). Each antibody can bind to only a specific antigen. The purpose of this binding is to help destroy the antigen. Antibodies can work in several ways, depending on

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the nature of the antigen. Some antibodies destroy antigens directly. Others make it easier for white blood cells to destroy the antigen. [NIH] Anticholinergic: An agent that blocks the parasympathetic nerves. Called also parasympatholytic. [EU] Anticoagulant: A drug that helps prevent blood clots from forming. Also called a blood thinner. [NIH] Anticonvulsant: An agent that prevents or relieves convulsions. [EU] Antidepressant: A drug used to treat depression. [NIH] Antidiuretic: Suppressing the rate of urine formation. [EU] Antiemetic: An agent that prevents or alleviates nausea and vomiting. Also antinauseant. [EU]

Antigen: Any substance which is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, that is, with specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes, or both. Antigens may be soluble substances, such as toxins and foreign proteins, or particulate, such as bacteria and tissue cells; however, only the portion of the protein or polysaccharide molecule known as the antigenic determinant (q.v.) combines with antibody or a specific receptor on a lymphocyte. Abbreviated Ag. [EU] Antigen-Antibody Complex: The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes immune complex diseases. [NIH] Antihypertensive: An agent that reduces high blood pressure. [EU] Anti-inflammatory: Having to do with reducing inflammation. [NIH] Antineoplastic: Inhibiting or preventing the development of neoplasms, checking the maturation and proliferation of malignant cells. [EU] Antipyretic: An agent that relieves or reduces fever. Called also antifebrile, antithermic and febrifuge. [EU] Antitussive: An agent that relieves or prevents cough. [EU] Antiviral: Destroying viruses or suppressing their replication. [EU] Anus: The opening of the rectum to the outside of the body. [NIH] Anxiety: Persistent feeling of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster. [NIH] Anxiety Disorders: Disorders in which anxiety (persistent feelings of apprehension, tension, or uneasiness) is the predominant disturbance. [NIH] Anxiolytic: An anxiolytic or antianxiety agent. [EU] Aorta: The main trunk of the systemic arteries. [NIH] Aphasia: A cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form. This condition is caused by diseases which affect the language areas of the dominant hemisphere. Clinical features are used to classify the various subtypes of this condition. General categories include receptive, expressive, and mixed forms of aphasia. [NIH] Aphonia: Complete loss of phonation due to organic disease of the larynx or to nonorganic (i.e., psychogenic) causes. [NIH] Apolipoproteins: The protein components of lipoproteins which remain after the lipids to which the proteins are bound have been removed. They play an important role in lipid transport and metabolism. [NIH]

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Aponeurosis: Tendinous expansion consisting of a fibrous or membranous sheath which serves as a fascia to enclose or bind a group of muscles. [NIH] Apoptosis: One of the two mechanisms by which cell death occurs (the other being the pathological process of necrosis). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA (DNA fragmentation) at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth. [NIH] Applicability: A list of the commodities to which the candidate method can be applied as presented or with minor modifications. [NIH] Aqueous: Having to do with water. [NIH] Arachidonic Acid: An unsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. [NIH] Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. [NIH] Argipressin: Cys-Tyr-Phe-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2, cyclic 1-6 disulfide. The usual mammalian antidiuretic hormone, it is a cyclic nonapeptide with arginine in position 8 of the chain. Argipressin is used to treat diabetes insipidus and as hemostatic because of its vasoconstrictor action. [NIH] Argon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Ar, atomic number 18, and atomic weight 39.948. It is used in fluorescent tubes and wherever an inert atmosphere is desired and nitrogen cannot be used. [NIH] Argyria: A condition induced by the prolonged use of salts of silver. [NIH] Aromatic: Having a spicy odour. [EU] Arterial: Pertaining to an artery or to the arteries. [EU] Arteries: The vessels carrying blood away from the heart. [NIH] Arterioles: The smallest divisions of the arteries located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries. [NIH] Arteriolosclerosis: Sclerosis and thickening of the walls of the smaller arteries (arterioles). Hyaline arteriolosclerosis, in which there is homogeneous pink hyaline thickening of the arteriolar walls, is associated with benign nephrosclerosis. Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis, in which there is a concentric thickening with progressive narrowing of the lumina may be associated with malignant hypertension, nephrosclerosis, and scleroderma. [EU] Arteriosclerosis: Thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls. Atherosclerosis is the most common form of arteriosclerosis and involves lipid deposition and thickening of the intimal cell layers within arteries. Additional forms of arteriosclerosis involve calcification of the media of muscular arteries (Monkeberg medial calcific sclerosis) and thickening of the walls of small arteries or arterioles due to cell proliferation or hyaline deposition (arteriolosclerosis). [NIH] Arteriovenous: Both arterial and venous; pertaining to or affecting an artery and a vein. [EU] Artery: Vessel-carrying blood from the heart to various parts of the body. [NIH] Arthropathy: Any joint disease. [EU] Arthroscopy: Endoscopic examination, therapy and surgery of the joint. [NIH]

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Articular: Of or pertaining to a joint. [EU] Ascariasis: Infection by nematodes of the genus Ascaris. Ingestion of infective eggs causes diarrhea and pneumonitis. Its distribution is more prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and where human feces are used for fertilizer. [NIH] Ascites: Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. [NIH] Aseptic: Free from infection or septic material; sterile. [EU] Aspiration: The act of inhaling. [NIH] Astigmatism: A condition in which the surface of the cornea is not spherical; causes a blurred image to be received at the retina. [NIH] Astrocytes: The largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with microglia) respond to injury. Astrocytes have high- affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitter, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is not well understood. [NIH] Ataxia: Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharnyx, larnyx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. [NIH] Atrial: Pertaining to an atrium. [EU] Atrial Fibrillation: Disorder of cardiac rhythm characterized by rapid, irregular atrial impulses and ineffective atrial contractions. [NIH] Atrium: A chamber; used in anatomical nomenclature to designate a chamber affording entrance to another structure or organ. Usually used alone to designate an atrium of the heart. [EU] Atropine: A toxic alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly Solanaceae. [NIH] Attenuated: Strain with weakened or reduced virulence. [NIH] Attenuation: Reduction of transmitted sound energy or its electrical equivalent. [NIH] Auditory: Pertaining to the sense of hearing. [EU] Aura: A subjective sensation or motor phenomenon that precedes and marks the of a paroxysmal attack, such as an epileptic attack on set. [EU] Autologous: Taken from an individual's own tissues, cells, or DNA. [NIH] Autonomic: Self-controlling; functionally independent. [EU] Autonomic Dysreflexia: That part of the nervous system concerned with the unconscious regulation of the living processes of the body. [NIH] Autonomic Nervous System: The enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic nervous systems taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the central nervous system, especially the hypothalamus and the solitary nucleus, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS; these and related central and sensory structures are sometimes (but not here)

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considered to be part of the autonomic nervous system itself. [NIH] Axillary: Pertaining to the armpit area, including the lymph nodes that are located there. [NIH]

Axons: Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body. [NIH] Axotomy: Transection or severing of an axon. This type of denervation is used often in experimental studies on neuronal physiology and neuronal death or survival, toward an understanding of nervous system disease. [NIH] Back Pain: Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the trunk, including the thoracic, lumbar, sacral, or adjacent regions. [NIH] Bacteria: Unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. [NIH] Bacterial Infections: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. [NIH] Basal Ganglia: Large subcortical nuclear masses derived from the telencephalon and located in the basal regions of the cerebral hemispheres. [NIH] Base: In chemistry, the nonacid part of a salt; a substance that combines with acids to form salts; a substance that dissociates to give hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions; a substance whose molecule or ion can combine with a proton (hydrogen ion); a substance capable of donating a pair of electrons (to an acid) for the formation of a coordinate covalent bond. [EU] Basophils: Granular leukocytes characterized by a relatively pale-staining, lobate nucleus and cytoplasm containing coarse dark-staining granules of variable size and stainable by basic dyes. [NIH] Belladonna: A species of very poisonous Solanaceous plants yielding atropine (hyoscyamine), scopolamine, and other belladonna alkaloids, used to block the muscarinic autonomic nervous system. [NIH] Benign: Not cancerous; does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. [NIH]

Beta-Endorphin: A peptide consisting of amino acid sequence 61-91 of the endogenous pituitary hormone beta-lipotropin. The first four amino acids show a common tetrapeptide sequence with methionine- and leucine enkephalin. The compound shows opiate-like activity. Injection of beta-endorphin induces a profound analgesia of the whole body for several hours. This action is reversed after administration of naloxone. [NIH] Beta-Thromboglobulin: A platelet-specific protein which is released when platelets aggregate. Elevated plasma levels have been reported after deep venous thrombosis, preeclampsia, myocardial infarction with mural thrombosis, and myeloproliferative disorders. Measurement of beta-thromboglobulin in biological fluids by radioimmunoassay is used for the diagnosis and assessment of progress of thromboembolic disorders. [NIH] Bilateral: Affecting both the right and left side of body. [NIH] Bile: An emulsifying agent produced in the LIVER and secreted into the DUODENUM. Its composition includes BILE ACIDS AND SALTS, CHOLESTEROL, and ELECTROLYTES. It aids DIGESTION of fats in the duodenum. [NIH] Bile duct: A tube through which bile passes in and out of the liver. [NIH] Biliary: Having to do with the liver, bile ducts, and/or gallbladder. [NIH] Biliary Tract: The gallbladder and its ducts. [NIH] Biochemical:

Relating to biochemistry; characterized by, produced by, or involving

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chemical reactions in living organisms. [EU] Biosynthesis: The building up of a chemical compound in the physiologic processes of a living organism. [EU] Biotechnology: Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., genetic engineering) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include transfection and cloning technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction. [NIH] Bipolar Disorder: A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence. [NIH] Bladder: The organ that stores urine. [NIH] Bloating: Fullness or swelling in the abdomen that often occurs after meals. [NIH] Blood Flow Velocity: A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed. [NIH] Blood Glucose: Glucose in blood. [NIH] Blood Platelets: Non-nucleated disk-shaped cells formed in the megakaryocyte and found in the blood of all mammals. They are mainly involved in blood coagulation. [NIH] Blood pressure: The pressure of blood against the walls of a blood vessel or heart chamber. Unless there is reference to another location, such as the pulmonary artery or one of the heart chambers, it refers to the pressure in the systemic arteries, as measured, for example, in the forearm. [NIH] Blood transfusion: The administration of blood or blood products into a blood vessel. [NIH] Blood vessel: A tube in the body through which blood circulates. Blood vessels include a network of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. [NIH] Blood-Brain Barrier: Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined endothelial cells (tight junctions) that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the brain tissue. [NIH] Body Fluids: Liquid components of living organisms. [NIH] Body Regions: Anatomical areas of the body. [NIH] Bone Marrow: The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells. [NIH] Bowel: The long tube-shaped organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion. There is both a small and a large bowel. Also called the intestine. [NIH] Bowel Movement: Body wastes passed through the rectum and anus. [NIH] Brachial: All the nerves from the arm are ripped from the spinal cord. [NIH] Brachial Artery: The continuation of the axillary artery; it branches into the radial and ulnar arteries. [NIH] Brachial Plexus: The large network of nerve fibers which distributes the innervation of the upper extremity. The brachial plexus extends from the neck into the axilla. In humans, the nerves of the plexus usually originate from the lower cervical and the first thoracic spinal

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cord segments (C5-C8 and T1), but variations are not uncommon. [NIH] Brachytherapy: A collective term for interstitial, intracavity, and surface radiotherapy. It uses small sealed or partly-sealed sources that may be placed on or near the body surface or within a natural body cavity or implanted directly into the tissues. [NIH] Bradycardia: Excessive slowness in the action of the heart, usually with a heart rate below 60 beats per minute. [NIH] Bradykinin: A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from kallidin in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability. Bradykinin is also released from mast cells during asthma attacks, from gut walls as a gastrointestinal vasodilator, from damaged tissues as a pain signal, and may be a neurotransmitter. [NIH] Brain Diseases: Pathologic conditions affecting the brain, which is composed of the intracranial components of the central nervous system. This includes (but is not limited to) the cerebral cortex; intracranial white matter; basal ganglia; thalamus; hypothalamus; brain stem; and cerebellum. [NIH] Brain Neoplasms: Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. [NIH] Brain Stem: The part of the brain that connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord. It consists of the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. [NIH] Branch: Most commonly used for branches of nerves, but applied also to other structures. [NIH]

Breakdown: A physical, metal, or nervous collapse. [NIH] Broad-spectrum: Effective against a wide range of microorganisms; said of an antibiotic. [EU]

Bronchi: The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the trachea. [NIH] Bronchial: Pertaining to one or more bronchi. [EU] Bulbar: Pertaining to a bulb; pertaining to or involving the medulla oblongata, as bulbar paralysis. [EU] Buprenorphine: A derivative of the opioid alkaloid thebaine that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than morphine. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use. [NIH] Burns: Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (burns, chemical), electricity (burns, electric), or the like. [NIH] Burns, Electric: Burns produced by contact with electric current or from a sudden discharge of electricity. [NIH] Cadaver: A dead body, usually a human body. [NIH] Calcification: Deposits of calcium in the tissues of the breast. Calcification in the breast can be seen on a mammogram, but cannot be detected by touch. There are two types of breast calcification, macrocalcification and microcalcification. Macrocalcifications are large deposits and are usually not related to cancer. Microcalcifications are specks of calcium that may be

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found in an area of rapidly dividing cells. Many microcalcifications clustered together may be a sign of cancer. [NIH] Calcitonin: A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults. [NIH] Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide: Calcitonin gene-related peptide. A 37-amino acid peptide derived from the calcitonin gene. It occurs as a result of alternative processing of mRNA from the calcitonin gene. The neuropeptide is widely distributed in neural tissue of the brain, gut, perivascular nerves, and other tissue. The peptide produces multiple biological effects and has both circulatory and neurotransmitter modes of action. In particular, it is a potent endogenous vasodilator. [NIH] Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. [NIH] Calculi: An abnormal concretion occurring mostly in the urinary and biliary tracts, usually composed of mineral salts. Also called stones. [NIH] Calmodulin: A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels. [NIH] Candy: Sweet food products combining cane or beet sugars with other carbohydrates and chocolate, milk, eggs, and various flavorings. In the United States, candy refers to both sugar- and cocoa-based confections and is differentiated from sweetened baked goods; elsewhere the terms sugar confectionary, chocolate confectionary, and flour confectionary are used. [NIH] Capsaicin: Cytotoxic alkaloid from various species of Capsicum (pepper, paprika), of the Solanaceae. [NIH] Carbamazepine: An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but some of its actions resemble those of phenytoin; although there is little chemical resemblance between the two compounds, their three-dimensional structure is similar. [NIH] Carbohydrate: An aldehyde or ketone derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, particularly of the pentahydric and hexahydric alcohols. They are so named because the hydrogen and oxygen are usually in the proportion to form water, (CH2O)n. The most important carbohydrates are the starches, sugars, celluloses, and gums. They are classified into mono-, di-, tri-, polyand heterosaccharides. [EU] Carbon Dioxide: A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. [NIH] Carcinogenic: Producing carcinoma. [EU] Carcinogens: Substances that increase the risk of neoplasms in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. [NIH] Carcinoma: Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. [NIH]

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Cardia: That part of the stomach surrounded by the esophagogastric junction, characterized by the lack of acid-forming cells. [NIH] Cardiac: Having to do with the heart. [NIH] Cardiology: The study of the heart, its physiology, and its functions. [NIH] Cardiopulmonary: Having to do with the heart and lungs. [NIH] Cardiorespiratory: Relating to the heart and lungs and their function. [EU] Cardioselective: Having greater activity on heart tissue than on other tissue. [EU] Cardiovascular: Having to do with the heart and blood vessels. [NIH] Cardiovascular disease: Any abnormal condition characterized by dysfunction of the heart and blood vessels. CVD includes atherosclerosis (especially coronary heart disease, which can lead to heart attacks), cerebrovascular disease (e.g., stroke), and hypertension (high blood pressure). [NIH] Cardiovascular System: The heart and the blood vessels by which blood is pumped and circulated through the body. [NIH] Carotene: The general name for a group of pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. The pigments are fat-soluble, unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons functioning as provitamins and are converted to vitamin A through enzymatic processes in the intestinal wall. [NIH] Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A median nerve injury inside the carpal tunnel that results in symptoms of pain, numbness, tingling, clumsiness, and a lack of sweating, which can be caused by work with certain hand and wrist postures. [NIH] Case report: A detailed report of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports also contain some demographic information about the patient (for example, age, gender, ethnic origin). [NIH] Case series: A group or series of case reports involving patients who were given similar treatment. Reports of case series usually contain detailed information about the individual patients. This includes demographic information (for example, age, gender, ethnic origin) and information on diagnosis, treatment, response to treatment, and follow-up after treatment. [NIH] Cataracts: In medicine, an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye obstructing partially or totally its transmission of light. [NIH] Catecholamine: A group of chemical substances manufactured by the adrenal medulla and secreted during physiological stress. [NIH] Catheters: A small, flexible tube that may be inserted into various parts of the body to inject or remove liquids. [NIH] Cauda Equina: The lower part of the spinal cord consisting of the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerve roots. [NIH] Caudal: Denoting a position more toward the cauda, or tail, than some specified point of reference; same as inferior, in human anatomy. [EU] Cavernous Sinus: An irregularly shaped venous space in the dura mater at either side of the sphenoid bone. [NIH] Cell: The individual unit that makes up all of the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. [NIH] Cell Count: A count of the number of cells of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume of sample. [NIH]

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Cell Cycle: The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one cell division and the end of the next, by which cellular material is divided between daughter cells. [NIH] Cell Death: The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability. [NIH] Cell Differentiation: Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function which takes place during the development of the embryo and leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. [NIH] Cell proliferation: An increase in the number of cells as a result of cell growth and cell division. [NIH] Cell Transplantation: Transference of cells within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species. [NIH] Central Nervous System: The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. [NIH] Central Nervous System Infections: Pathogenic infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. DNA virus infections; RNA virus infections; bacterial infections; mycoplasma infections; Spirochaetales infections; fungal infections; protozoan infections; helminthiasis; and prion diseases may involve the central nervous system as a primary or secondary process. [NIH] Cerebellum: Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement. [NIH] Cerebral: Of or pertaining of the cerebrum or the brain. [EU] Cerebral Aqueduct: Narrow channel in the mesencephalon that connects the third and fourth ventricles. [NIH] Cerebral Arteries: The arteries supplying the cerebral cortex. [NIH] Cerebral Cortex: The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon and folds into gyri. It reaches its highest development in man and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions. [NIH] Cerebral hemispheres: The two halves of the cerebrum, the part of the brain that controls muscle functions of the body and also controls speech, emotions, reading, writing, and learning. The right hemisphere controls muscle movement on the left side of the body, and the left hemisphere controls muscle movement on the right side of the body. [NIH] Cerebral Hemorrhage: Bleeding into a cerebral hemisphere of the brain, including lobar, subcortical white matter, and basal ganglia hemorrhages. Commonly associated conditions include hypertension; intracranial arteriosclerosis; intracranial aneurysm; craniocerebral trauma; intracranial arteriovenous malformations; cerebral amyloid angiopathy; and cerebral infarction. [NIH] Cerebral Infarction: The formation of an area of necrosis in the cerebrum caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., infarction, anterior cerebral artery), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). [NIH]

Cerebral Palsy: Refers to a motor disability caused by a brain dysfunction. [NIH] Cerebrospinal: Pertaining to the brain and spinal cord. [EU] Cerebrospinal fluid: CSF. The fluid flowing around the brain and spinal cord. Cerebrospinal fluid is produced in the ventricles in the brain. [NIH]

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Cerebrovascular: Pertaining to the blood vessels of the cerebrum, or brain. [EU] Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves, called the cerebral hemispheres. The cerebrum controls muscle functions of the body and also controls speech, emotions, reading, writing, and learning. [NIH] Cervical: Relating to the neck, or to the neck of any organ or structure. Cervical lymph nodes are located in the neck; cervical cancer refers to cancer of the uterine cervix, which is the lower, narrow end (the "neck") of the uterus. [NIH] Cervical Ripening: A change in the cervix with respect to its readiness to relax. The cervix becomes softer, more flexible, more distensible, and shorter in the final weeks of pregnancy. Though naturally occurring during normal pregnancy, it can also be induced for certain cases of prolonged or high-risk pregnancy by administration of hormones. [NIH] Cervix: The lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and vagina. [NIH] Cesarean Section: Extraction of the fetus by means of abdominal hysterotomy. [NIH] Character: In current usage, approximately equivalent to personality. The sum of the relatively fixed personality traits and habitual modes of response of an individual. [NIH] Chemotactic Factors: Chemical substances that attract or repel cells or organisms. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract leukocytes, macrophages, or other cells to the site of infection or insult. [NIH] Chemotherapy: Treatment with anticancer drugs. [NIH] Chest wall: The ribs and muscles, bones, and joints that make up the area of the body between the neck and the abdomen. [NIH] Chin: The anatomical frontal portion of the mandible, also known as the mentum, that contains the line of fusion of the two separate halves of the mandible (symphysis menti). This line of fusion divides inferiorly to enclose a triangular area called the mental protuberance. On each side, inferior to the second premolar tooth, is the mental foramen for the passage of blood vessels and a nerve. [NIH] Chiropractic: A system of treating bodily disorders by manipulation of the spine and other parts, based on the belief that the cause is the abnormal functioning of a nerve. [NIH] Cholesterol: The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. [NIH] Cholesterol Esters: Fatty acid esters of cholesterol which constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. [NIH] Choline: A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism. [NIH] Cholinergic: Resembling acetylcholine in pharmacological action; stimulated by or releasing acetylcholine or a related compound. [EU] Chromatin: The material of chromosomes. It is a complex of DNA, histones, and nonhistone proteins (chromosomal proteins, non-histone) found within the nucleus of a cell. [NIH]

Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been

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listed as known carcinogens. [NIH] Chromosomal: Pertaining to chromosomes. [EU] Chromosome: Part of a cell that contains genetic information. Except for sperm and eggs, all human cells contain 46 chromosomes. [NIH] Chronic: A disease or condition that persists or progresses over a long period of time. [NIH] Chronic prostatitis: Inflammation of the prostate gland, developing slowly and lasting a long time. [NIH] Chronic renal: Slow and progressive loss of kidney function over several years, often resulting in end-stage renal disease. People with end-stage renal disease need dialysis or transplantation to replace the work of the kidneys. [NIH] Chylomicrons: A class of lipoproteins that carry dietary cholesterol and triglycerides from the small intestines to the tissues. [NIH] Circulatory system: The system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves blood throughout the body. This system helps tissues get enough oxygen and nutrients, and it helps them get rid of waste products. The lymph system, which connects with the blood system, is often considered part of the circulatory system. [NIH] CIS: Cancer Information Service. The CIS is the National Cancer Institute's link to the public, interpreting and explaining research findings in a clear and understandable manner, and providing personalized responses to specific questions about cancer. Access the CIS by calling 1-800-4-CANCER, or by using the Web site at http://cis.nci.nih.gov. [NIH] Cisplatin: An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. [NIH] Clinical Medicine: The study and practice of medicine by direct examination of the patient. [NIH]

Clinical study: A research study in which patients receive treatment in a clinic or other medical facility. Reports of clinical studies can contain results for single patients (case reports) or many patients (case series or clinical trials). [NIH] Clinical trial: A research study that tests how well new medical treatments or other interventions work in people. Each study is designed to test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease. [NIH] Cloning: The production of a number of genetically identical individuals; in genetic engineering, a process for the efficient replication of a great number of identical DNA molecules. [NIH] Coagulation: 1. the process of clot formation. 2. in colloid chemistry, the solidification of a sol into a gelatinous mass; an alteration of a disperse phase or of a dissolved solid which causes the separation of the system into a liquid phase and an insoluble mass called the clot or curd. Coagulation is usually irreversible. 3. in surgery, the disruption of tissue by physical means to form an amorphous residuum, as in electrocoagulation and photocoagulation. [EU] Coca: Any of several South American shrubs of the Erythroxylon genus (and family) that yield cocaine; the leaves are chewed with alum for CNS stimulation. [NIH] Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple

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mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake. [NIH] Cochlear: Of or pertaining to the cochlea. [EU] Cochlear Diseases: Diseases of the cochlea, the part of the inner ear that is concerned with hearing. [NIH] Cofactor: A substance, microorganism or environmental factor that activates or enhances the action of another entity such as a disease-causing agent. [NIH] Cohort Studies: Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics. [NIH] Colic: Paroxysms of pain. This condition usually occurs in the abdominal region but may occur in other body regions as well. [NIH] Colitis: Inflammation of the colon. [NIH] Collagen: A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of skin, connective tissue, and the organic substance of bones and teeth. Different forms of collagen are produced in the body but all consist of three alpha-polypeptide chains arranged in a triple helix. Collagen is differentiated from other fibrous proteins, such as elastin, by the content of proline, hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine; by the absence of tryptophan; and particularly by the high content of polar groups which are responsible for its swelling properties. [NIH] Collapse: 1. a state of extreme prostration and depression, with failure of circulation. 2. abnormal falling in of the walls of any part of organ. [EU] Colon: The long, coiled, tubelike organ that removes water from digested food. The remaining material, solid waste called stool, moves through the colon to the rectum and leaves the body through the anus. [NIH] Colonoscopy: Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the luminal surface of the colon. [NIH] Colostomy: An opening into the colon from the outside of the body. A colostomy provides a new path for waste material to leave the body after part of the colon has been removed. [NIH]

Combination Therapy: Association of 3 drugs to treat AIDS (AZT + DDC or DDI + protease inhibitor). [NIH] Complement: A term originally used to refer to the heat-labile factor in serum that causes immune cytolysis, the lysis of antibody-coated cells, and now referring to the entire functionally related system comprising at least 20 distinct serum proteins that is the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions. Complement activation occurs by two different sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The proteins of the classic pathway are termed 'components of complement' and are designated by the symbols C1 through C9. C1 is a calcium-dependent complex of three distinct proteins C1q, C1r and C1s. The proteins of the alternative pathway (collectively referred to as the properdin system) and complement regulatory proteins are known by semisystematic or trivial names. Fragments resulting from proteolytic cleavage of complement proteins are designated with lower-case letter suffixes, e.g., C3a. Inactivated fragments may be designated with the suffix 'i', e.g. C3bi. Activated components or complexes with biological activity are designated by a bar over the symbol e.g. C1 or C4b,2a. The classic pathway is activated by the binding of C1 to classic pathway activators, primarily antigen-antibody complexes containing IgM, IgG1,

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IgG3; C1q binds to a single IgM molecule or two adjacent IgG molecules. The alternative pathway can be activated by IgA immune complexes and also by nonimmunologic materials including bacterial endotoxins, microbial polysaccharides, and cell walls. Activation of the classic pathway triggers an enzymatic cascade involving C1, C4, C2 and C3; activation of the alternative pathway triggers a cascade involving C3 and factors B, D and P. Both result in the cleavage of C5 and the formation of the membrane attack complex. Complement activation also results in the formation of many biologically active complement fragments that act as anaphylatoxins, opsonins, or chemotactic factors. [EU] Complementary and alternative medicine: CAM. Forms of treatment that are used in addition to (complementary) or instead of (alternative) standard treatments. These practices are not considered standard medical approaches. CAM includes dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, herbal preparations, special teas, massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Complementary medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used to enhance or complement the standard treatments. Complementary medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Complete remission: The disappearance of all signs of cancer. Also called a complete response. [NIH] Compliance: Distensibility measure of a chamber such as the lungs (lung compliance) or bladder. Compliance is expressed as a change in volume per unit change in pressure. [NIH] Computational Biology: A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories applicable to molecular biology and areas of computer-based techniques for solving biological problems including manipulation of models and datasets. [NIH] Conception: The onset of pregnancy, marked by implantation of the blastocyst; the formation of a viable zygote. [EU] Concretion: Minute, hard, yellow masses found in the palpebral conjunctivae of elderly people or following chronic conjunctivitis, composed of the products of cellular degeneration retained in the depressions and tubular recesses in the conjunctiva. [NIH] Conduction: The transfer of sound waves, heat, nervous impulses, or electricity. [EU] Cones: One type of specialized light-sensitive cells (photoreceptors) in the retina that provide sharp central vision and color vision. [NIH] Congestion: Excessive or abnormal accumulation of blood in a part. [EU] Conjunctiva: The mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the anterior part of the sclera. [NIH] Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the conjunctiva, generally consisting of conjunctival hyperaemia associated with a discharge. [EU] Connective Tissue: Tissue that supports and binds other tissues. It consists of connective tissue cells embedded in a large amount of extracellular matrix. [NIH] Connective Tissue: Tissue that supports and binds other tissues. It consists of connective tissue cells embedded in a large amount of extracellular matrix. [NIH] Connective Tissue Cells: A group of cells that includes fibroblasts, cartilage cells, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and bone cells. [NIH]

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Conscious Sedation: An alternative to general anesthesia in patients for whom general anesthesia is refused or considered inadvisable. It involves the administering of an antianxiety drug (minor tranquilizer) and an analgesic or local anesthetic. This renders the patient free of anxiety and pain while allowing the patient to remain in verbal contact with the physician or dentist. [NIH] Consciousness: Sense of awareness of self and of the environment. [NIH] Constipation: Infrequent or difficult evacuation of feces. [NIH] Constitutional: 1. affecting the whole constitution of the body; not local. 2. pertaining to the constitution. [EU] Constriction: The act of constricting. [NIH] Constriction, Pathologic: The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. [NIH] Consultation: A deliberation between two or more physicians concerning the diagnosis and the proper method of treatment in a case. [NIH] Consumption: Pulmonary tuberculosis. [NIH] Contact dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin with varying degrees of erythema, edema and vesinculation resulting from cutaneous contact with a foreign substance or other exposure. [NIH]

Contraindications: Any factor or sign that it is unwise to pursue a certain kind of action or treatment, e. g. giving a general anesthetic to a person with pneumonia. [NIH] Contralateral: Having to do with the opposite side of the body. [NIH] Contrast medium: A substance that is introduced into or around a structure and, because of the difference in absorption of x-rays by the contrast medium and the surrounding tissues, allows radiographic visualization of the structure. [EU] Control group: In a clinical trial, the group that does not receive the new treatment being studied. This group is compared to the group that receives the new treatment, to see if the new treatment works. [NIH] Controlled clinical trial: A clinical study that includes a comparison (control) group. The comparison group receives a placebo, another treatment, or no treatment at all. [NIH] Conventional therapy: A currently accepted and widely used treatment for a certain type of disease, based on the results of past research. Also called conventional treatment. [NIH] Conventional treatment: A currently accepted and widely used treatment for a certain type of disease, based on the results of past research. Also called conventional therapy. [NIH] Convulsions: A general term referring to sudden and often violent motor activity of cerebral or brainstem origin. Convulsions may also occur in the absence of an electrical cerebral discharge (e.g., in response to hypotension). [NIH] Coordination: Muscular or motor regulation or the harmonious cooperation of muscles or groups of muscles, in a complex action or series of actions. [NIH] Cornea: The transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil and allows light to enter the inside. [NIH] Corneum: The superficial layer of the epidermis containing keratinized cells. [NIH] Coronary: Encircling in the manner of a crown; a term applied to vessels; nerves, ligaments, etc. The term usually denotes the arteries that supply the heart muscle and, by extension, a pathologic involvement of them. [EU] Coronary Angiography: Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after

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injection of a contrast medium. [NIH] Coronary Arteriosclerosis: Thickening and loss of elasticity of the coronary arteries. [NIH] Coronary Circulation: The circulation of blood through the coronary vessels of the heart. [NIH]

Coronary heart disease: A type of heart disease caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries that feed the heart, which needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients carried by the blood in the coronary arteries. When the coronary arteries become narrowed or clogged by fat and cholesterol deposits and cannot supply enough blood to the heart, CHD results. [NIH] Coronary Thrombosis: Presence of a thrombus in a coronary artery, often causing a myocardial infarction. [NIH] Corrosion: Irreversible destruction of skin tissue. [NIH] Cortex: The outer layer of an organ or other body structure, as distinguished from the internal substance. [EU] Cortical: Pertaining to or of the nature of a cortex or bark. [EU] Cortices: The outer layer of an organ; used especially of the cerebrum and cerebellum. [NIH] Corticosteroids: Hormones that have antitumor activity in lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias; in addition, corticosteroids (steroids) may be used for hormone replacement and for the management of some of the complications of cancer and its treatment. [NIH] Cortisol: A steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex as part of the body's response to stress. [NIH] Cortisone: A natural steroid hormone produced in the adrenal gland. It can also be made in the laboratory. Cortisone reduces swelling and can suppress immune responses. [NIH] Cranial: Pertaining to the cranium, or to the anterior (in animals) or superior (in humans) end of the body. [EU] Cranial Nerves: Twelve pairs of nerves that carry general afferent, visceral afferent, special afferent, somatic efferent, and autonomic efferent fibers. [NIH] Craniocerebral Trauma: Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., brain; cranial nerves; meninges; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage. [NIH] Craniomandibular Disorders: Diseases or disorders of the muscles of the head and neck, with special reference to the masticatory muscles. The most notable examples are temporomandibular joint disorders and temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome. [NIH]

Creatine: An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as creatinine in the urine. [NIH]

Creatine Kinase: A transferase that catalyzes formation of phosphocreatine from ATP + creatine. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic isoenzymes have been identified in human tissues: MM from skeletal muscle, MB from myocardial tissue, and BB from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins. EC 2.7.3.2. [NIH] Creatinine: A compound that is excreted from the body in urine. Creatinine levels are measured to monitor kidney function. [NIH] Credentialing:

The recognition of professional or technical competence through

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registration, certification, licensure, admission to association membership, the award of a diploma or degree, etc. [NIH] Curative: Tending to overcome disease and promote recovery. [EU] Cutaneous: Having to do with the skin. [NIH] Cyclic: Pertaining to or occurring in a cycle or cycles; the term is applied to chemical compounds that contain a ring of atoms in the nucleus. [EU] Cyclophosphamide: Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the liver to form the active aldophosphamide. It is used in the treatment of lymphomas, leukemias, etc. Its side effect, alopecia, has been made use of in defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer. [NIH] Cystitis: Inflammation of the urinary bladder. [EU] Cystoscopy: Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the urinary bladder. [NIH] Cytochrome: Any electron transfer hemoprotein having a mode of action in which the transfer of a single electron is effected by a reversible valence change of the central iron atom of the heme prosthetic group between the +2 and +3 oxidation states; classified as cytochromes a in which the heme contains a formyl side chain, cytochromes b, which contain protoheme or a closely similar heme that is not covalently bound to the protein, cytochromes c in which protoheme or other heme is covalently bound to the protein, and cytochromes d in which the iron-tetrapyrrole has fewer conjugated double bonds than the hemes have. Well-known cytochromes have been numbered consecutively within groups and are designated by subscripts (beginning with no subscript), e.g. cytochromes c, c1, C2, ... New cytochromes are named according to the wavelength in nanometres of the absorption maximum of the a-band of the iron (II) form in pyridine, e.g., c-555. [EU] Cytochrome b: Cytochromes (electron-transporting proteins) with protoheme or a related heme as the prosthetic group. The prosthetic group is not covalently bound to the protein moiety. [NIH] Cytogenetics: A branch of genetics which deals with the cytological and molecular behavior of genes and chromosomes during cell division. [NIH] Cytokine: Small but highly potent protein that modulates the activity of many cell types, including T and B cells. [NIH] Cytomegalovirus: A genus of the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Betaherpesvirinae, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS. [NIH] Cytoplasm: The protoplasm of a cell exclusive of that of the nucleus; it consists of a continuous aqueous solution (cytosol) and the organelles and inclusions suspended in it (phaneroplasm), and is the site of most of the chemical activities of the cell. [EU] Cytotoxic: Cell-killing. [NIH] Cytotoxic chemotherapy: Anticancer drugs that kill cells, especially cancer cells. [NIH] Cytotoxicity: Quality of being capable of producing a specific toxic action upon cells of special organs. [NIH] Data Collection: Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data. [NIH] Databases, Bibliographic:

Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of references and

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citations to books, articles, publications, etc., generally on a single subject or specialized subject area. Databases can operate through automated files, libraries, or computer disks. The concept should be differentiated from factual databases which is used for collections of data and facts apart from bibliographic references to them. [NIH] Decarboxylation: The removal of a carboxyl group, usually in the form of carbon dioxide, from a chemical compound. [NIH] Defecation: The normal process of elimination of fecal material from the rectum. [NIH] Degenerative: Undergoing degeneration : tending to degenerate; having the character of or involving degeneration; causing or tending to cause degeneration. [EU] Deletion: A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA (chromosomes), bringing sequences, which are normally separated, into close proximity. [NIH] Delusion: A false belief, not susceptible to argument or reason, and determined, pathologically, by some form of mental disorder. [NIH] Dementia: An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. [NIH] Dendrites: Extensions of the nerve cell body. They are short and branched and receive stimuli from other neurons. [NIH] Density: The logarithm to the base 10 of the opacity of an exposed and processed film. [NIH] Dental Care: The total of dental diagnostic, preventive, and restorative services provided to meet the needs of a patient (from Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982). [NIH] Dentate Gyrus: Gray matter situated above the gyrus hippocampi. It is composed of three layers. The molecular layer is continuous with the hippocampus in the hippocampal fissure. The granular layer consists of closely arranged spherical or oval neurons, called granule cells, whose axons pass through the polymorphic layer ending on the dendrites of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus. [NIH] Dentists: Individuals licensed to practice dentistry. [NIH] Depressive Disorder: An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. [NIH] Deprivation: Loss or absence of parts, organs, powers, or things that are needed. [EU] Dermatitis: Any inflammation of the skin. [NIH] Dermatology: A medical specialty concerned with the skin, its structure, functions, diseases, and treatment. [NIH] Dermis: A layer of vascular connective tissue underneath the epidermis. The surface of the dermis contains sensitive papillae. Embedded in or beneath the dermis are sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. [NIH] Desensitization: The prevention or reduction of immediate hypersensitivity reactions by administration of graded doses of allergen; called also hyposensitization and immunotherapy. [EU] Desmopressin: A synthetic analog of the natural hormone 8-arginine vasopressin (argipressin). Its action is mediated by the vasopressin receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating factor VIII and von Willebrand factor. [NIH]

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Detoxification: Treatment designed to free an addict from his drug habit. [EU] Dexamethasone: (11 beta,16 alpha)-9-Fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4diene-3,20-dione. An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used either in the free alcohol or esterified form in treatment of conditions that respond generally to cortisone. [NIH] Diabetes Mellitus: A heterogeneous group of disorders that share glucose intolerance in common. [NIH] Diagnostic procedure: A method used to identify a disease. [NIH] Dialysate: A cleansing liquid used in the two major forms of dialysis--hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. [NIH] Diaphragm: The musculofibrous partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. Contraction of the diaphragm increases the volume of the thoracic cavity aiding inspiration. [NIH] Diarrhea: Passage of excessively liquid or excessively frequent stools. [NIH] Diastole: Period of relaxation of the heart, especially the ventricles. [NIH] Diastolic: Of or pertaining to the diastole. [EU] Diastolic blood pressure: The minimum pressure that remains within the artery when the heart is at rest. [NIH] Diathesis: A constitution or condition of the body which makes the tissues react in special ways to certain extrinsic stimuli and thus tends to make the person more than usually susceptible to certain diseases. [EU] Diencephalon: The paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, and subthalamus are derived. [NIH] Diffusion: The tendency of a gas or solute to pass from a point of higher pressure or concentration to a point of lower pressure or concentration and to distribute itself throughout the available space; a major mechanism of biological transport. [NIH] Digestion: The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body. [NIH] Digestive system: The organs that take in food and turn it into products that the body can use to stay healthy. Waste products the body cannot use leave the body through bowel movements. The digestive system includes the salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, small and large intestines, and rectum. [NIH] Dilatation: The act of dilating. [NIH] Dilation: A process by which the pupil is temporarily enlarged with special eye drops (mydriatic); allows the eye care specialist to better view the inside of the eye. [NIH] Dilution: A diluted or attenuated medicine; in homeopathy, the diffusion of a given quantity of a medicinal agent in ten or one hundred times the same quantity of water. [NIH] Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects. [NIH] Diprenorphine: A narcotic antagonist similar in action to naloxone. It is used to remobilize animals after etorphine neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine. [NIH] Discrete: Made up of separate parts or characterized by lesions which do not become blended; not running together; separate. [NIH] Disinfection:

Rendering pathogens harmless through the use of heat, antiseptics,

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antibacterial agents, etc. [NIH] Dissection: Cutting up of an organism for study. [NIH] Distal: Remote; farther from any point of reference; opposed to proximal. In dentistry, used to designate a position on the dental arch farther from the median line of the jaw. [EU] Distention: The state of being distended or enlarged; the act of distending. [EU] Diuretic: A drug that increases the production of urine. [NIH] Dizziness: An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness. [NIH] Dopamine: An endogenous catecholamine and prominent neurotransmitter in several systems of the brain. In the synthesis of catecholamines from tyrosine, it is the immediate precursor to norepinephrine and epinephrine. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of dopaminergic receptor subtypes mediate its action. Dopamine is used pharmacologically for its direct (beta adrenergic agonist) and indirect (adrenergic releasing) sympathomimetic effects including its actions as an inotropic agent and as a renal vasodilator. [NIH] Dorsal: 1. pertaining to the back or to any dorsum. 2. denoting a position more toward the back surface than some other object of reference; same as posterior in human anatomy; superior in the anatomy of quadrupeds. [EU] Dorsum: A plate of bone which forms the posterior boundary of the sella turcica. [NIH] Double-blind: Pertaining to a clinical trial or other experiment in which neither the subject nor the person administering treatment knows which treatment any particular subject is receiving. [EU] Double-blinded: A clinical trial in which neither the medical staff nor the person knows which of several possible therapies the person is receiving. [NIH] Drive: A state of internal activity of an organism that is a necessary condition before a given stimulus will elicit a class of responses; e.g., a certain level of hunger (drive) must be present before food will elicit an eating response. [NIH] Drug Interactions: The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug. [NIH] Drug Tolerance: Progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, resulting from its continued administration. It should be differentiated from drug resistance wherein an organism, disease, or tissue fails to respond to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should also be differentiated from maximum tolerated dose and no-observed-adverse-effect level. [NIH] Duct: A tube through which body fluids pass. [NIH] Duodenal Ulcer: An ulcer in the lining of the first part of the small intestine (duodenum). [NIH]

Duodenum: The first part of the small intestine. [NIH] Dwell time: In peritoneal dialysis, the amount of time a bag of dialysate remains in the patient's abdominal cavity during an exchange. [NIH] Dynorphins: A class of opioid peptides including dynorphin A, dynorphin B, and smaller fragments of these peptides. Dynorphins prefer kappa-opioid receptors (receptors, opioid, kappa) and have been shown to play a role as central nervous system transmitters. [NIH] Dysmenorrhea: Painful menstruation. [NIH] Dysmenorrhoea: Painful menstruation. [EU]

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Dyspepsia: Impaired digestion, especially after eating. [NIH] Dysphonia: Difficulty or pain in speaking; impairment of the voice. [NIH] Dysphoric: A feeling of unpleasantness and discomfort. [NIH] Dyspnea: Difficult or labored breathing. [NIH] Dystrophy: Any disorder arising from defective or faulty nutrition, especially the muscular dystrophies. [EU] Dysuria: Painful or difficult urination. [EU] Ectopic: Pertaining to or characterized by ectopia. [EU] Edema: Excessive amount of watery fluid accumulated in the intercellular spaces, most commonly present in subcutaneous tissue. [NIH] Effector: It is often an enzyme that converts an inactive precursor molecule into an active second messenger. [NIH] Effector cell: A cell that performs a specific function in response to a stimulus; usually used to describe cells in the immune system. [NIH] Efferent: Nerve fibers which conduct impulses from the central nervous system to muscles and glands. [NIH] Efficacy: The extent to which a specific intervention, procedure, regimen, or service produces a beneficial result under ideal conditions. Ideally, the determination of efficacy is based on the results of a randomized control trial. [NIH] Effusion: The escape of fluid into a part or tissue, as an exudation or a transudation. [EU] Ejaculation: The release of semen through the penis during orgasm. [NIH] Elastic: Susceptible of resisting and recovering from stretching, compression or distortion applied by a force. [EU] Elasticity: Resistance and recovery from distortion of shape. [NIH] Elastin: The protein that gives flexibility to tissues. [NIH] Electroacupuncture: A form of acupuncture using low frequency electrically stimulated needles to produce analgesia and anesthesia and to treat disease. [NIH] Electroconvulsive Therapy: Electrically induced convulsions primarily used in the treatment of severe affective disorders and schizophrenia. [NIH] Electrode: Component of the pacing system which is at the distal end of the lead. It is the interface with living cardiac tissue across which the stimulus is transmitted. [NIH] Electrolysis: Destruction by passage of a galvanic electric current, as in disintegration of a chemical compound in solution. [NIH] Electrolytes: Substances that break up into ions (electrically charged particles) when they are dissolved in body fluids or water. Some examples are sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium. Electrolytes are primarily responsible for the movement of nutrients into cells, and the movement of wastes out of cells. [NIH] Electromyography: Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes. [NIH] Electrons: Stable elementary particles having the smallest known negative charge, present in all elements; also called negatrons. Positively charged electrons are called positrons. The numbers, energies and arrangement of electrons around atomic nuclei determine the chemical identities of elements. Beams of electrons are called cathode rays or beta rays, the latter being a high-energy biproduct of nuclear decay. [NIH]

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Electrophysiological: Pertaining to electrophysiology, that is a branch of physiology that is concerned with the electric phenomena associated with living bodies and involved in their functional activity. [EU] Emaciation: Clinical manifestation of excessive leanness usually caused by disease or a lack of nutrition. [NIH] Embryo: The prenatal stage of mammalian development characterized by rapid morphological changes and the differentiation of basic structures. [NIH] Embryo Transfer: Removal of a mammalian embryo from one environment and replacement in the same or a new environment. The embryo is usually in the pre-nidation phase, i.e., a blastocyst. The process includes embryo or blastocyst transplantation or transfer after in vitro fertilization and transfer of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. It is not used for transfer of differentiated embryonic tissue, e.g., germ layer cells. [NIH] Emesis: Vomiting; an act of vomiting. Also used as a word termination, as in haematemesis. [EU]

Empirical: A treatment based on an assumed diagnosis, prior to receiving confirmatory laboratory test results. [NIH] Emulsion: A preparation of one liquid distributed in small globules throughout the body of a second liquid. The dispersed liquid is the discontinuous phase, and the dispersion medium is the continuous phase. When oil is the dispersed liquid and an aqueous solution is the continuous phase, it is known as an oil-in-water emulsion, whereas when water or aqueous solution is the dispersed phase and oil or oleaginous substance is the continuous phase, it is known as a water-in-oil emulsion. Pharmaceutical emulsions for which official standards have been promulgated include cod liver oil emulsion, cod liver oil emulsion with malt, liquid petrolatum emulsion, and phenolphthalein in liquid petrolatum emulsion. [EU] Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see encephalitis, viral) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition. [NIH] Encephalitis, Viral: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of Togaviridae infections; Herpesviridae infections; Adenoviridae infections; Flaviviridae infections; Bunyaviridae infections; Picornaviridae infections; Paramyxoviridae infections; Orthomyxoviridae infections; Retroviridae infections; and Arenaviridae infections. [NIH] Endocrinology: A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the metabolism, physiology, and disorders of the endocrine system. [NIH] Endogenous: Produced inside an organism or cell. The opposite is external (exogenous) production. [NIH] Endometrial: Having to do with the endometrium (the layer of tissue that lines the uterus). [NIH]

Endometriosis: A condition in which tissue more or less perfectly resembling the uterine mucous membrane (the endometrium) and containing typical endometrial granular and stromal elements occurs aberrantly in various locations in the pelvic cavity. [NIH] Endometrium: The layer of tissue that lines the uterus. [NIH] Endorphin: Opioid peptides derived from beta-lipotropin. Endorphin is the most potent naturally occurring analgesic agent. It is present in pituitary, brain, and peripheral tissues. [NIH]

Endoscope: A thin, lighted tube used to look at tissues inside the body. [NIH] Endoscopic: A technique where a lateral-view endoscope is passed orally to the duodenum

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for visualization of the ampulla of Vater. [NIH] Endothelial cell: The main type of cell found in the inside lining of blood vessels, lymph vessels, and the heart. [NIH] Endothelium: A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body. [NIH] Endothelium-derived: Small molecule that diffuses to the adjacent muscle layer and relaxes it. [NIH] Endotoxins: Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells. [NIH] End-stage renal: Total chronic kidney failure. When the kidneys fail, the body retains fluid and harmful wastes build up. A person with ESRD needs treatment to replace the work of the failed kidneys. [NIH] Energetic: Exhibiting energy : strenuous; operating with force, vigour, or effect. [EU] Enkephalin: A natural opiate painkiller, in the hypothalamus. [NIH] Entorhinal Cortex: Cortex where the signals are combined with those from other sensory systems. [NIH] Enuresis: Involuntary discharge of urine after the age at which urinary control should have been achieved; often used alone with specific reference to involuntary discharge of urine occurring during sleep at night (bed-wetting, nocturnal enuresis). [EU] Environmental Health: The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health. [NIH] Enzymatic: Phase where enzyme cuts the precursor protein. [NIH] Enzyme: A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body. [NIH] Epicondylitis: Inflammation of the epicondyle or of the tissues adjoining the epicondyle of the humerus. [EU] Epidemic: Occurring suddenly in numbers clearly in excess of normal expectancy; said especially of infectious diseases but applied also to any disease, injury, or other healthrelated event occurring in such outbreaks. [EU] Epidermal: Pertaining to or resembling epidermis. Called also epidermic or epidermoid. [EU]

Epidermis: Nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers: 1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); 2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); 3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); 4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and 5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis). [NIH] Epidural: The space between the wall of the spinal canal and the covering of the spinal cord. An epidural injection is given into this space. [NIH] Epigastric: Having to do with the upper middle area of the abdomen. [NIH] Epinephrine: The active sympathomimetic hormone from the adrenal medulla in most species. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels. It is used in asthma and cardiac failure and to delay absorption of local anesthetics. [NIH] Epiphora: Overflow of tears onto the cheek caused by excessive lacrimation, by obstruction

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of the lacrimal ducts, or by ectropion. [NIH] Epithalamus: The dorsal posterior subdivision of the diencephalon. The epithalamus is generally considered to include the habenular nuclei (habenula) and associated fiber bundles, the pineal body, and the epithelial roof of the third ventricle. The anterior and posterior paraventricular nuclei of the thalamus are included with the thalamic nuclei although they develop from the same pronuclear mass as the epithalamic nuclei and are sometimes considered part of the epithalamus. [NIH] Epithelial: Refers to the cells that line the internal and external surfaces of the body. [NIH] Epithelium: One or more layers of epithelial cells, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body. [NIH] Erectile: The inability to get or maintain an erection for satisfactory sexual intercourse. Also called impotence. [NIH] Erection: The condition of being made rigid and elevated; as erectile tissue when filled with blood. [EU] Ergometer: An instrument for measuring the force of muscular contraction. [NIH] Ergometry: Any method of measuring the amount of work done by an organism, usually during exertion. Ergometry also includes measures of power. Some instruments used in these determinations include the hand crank and the bicycle ergometer. [NIH] Erythema: Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of causes. [NIH] Erythrocytes: Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. [NIH] Esophagus: The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach. [NIH]

Estrogen: One of the two female sex hormones. [NIH] Etorphine: A narcotic analgesic morphinan used as a sedative in veterinary practice. [NIH] Evacuation: An emptying, as of the bowels. [EU] Evoke: The electric response recorded from the cerebral cortex after stimulation of a peripheral sense organ. [NIH] Evoked Potentials: The electric response evoked in the central nervous system by stimulation of sensory receptors or some point on the sensory pathway leading from the receptor to the cortex. The evoked stimulus can be auditory, somatosensory, or visual, although other modalities have been reported. Event-related potentials is sometimes used synonymously with evoked potentials but is often associated with the execution of a motor, cognitive, or psychophysiological task, as well as with the response to a stimulus. [NIH] Excitability: Property of a cardiac cell whereby, when the cell is depolarized to a critical level (called threshold), the membrane becomes permeable and a regenerative inward current causes an action potential. [NIH] Excitation: An act of irritation or stimulation or of responding to a stimulus; the addition of energy, as the excitation of a molecule by absorption of photons. [EU] Excitatory: When cortical neurons are excited, their output increases and each new input they receive while they are still excited raises their output markedly. [NIH] Exercise Therapy: Motion of the body or its parts to relieve symptoms or to improve function, leading to physical fitness, but not physical education and training. [NIH] Exocrine: 1. secreting outwardly, via a duct;. [EU]

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Exogenous: Developed or originating outside the organism, as exogenous disease. [EU] Expectorant: 1. promoting the ejection, by spitting, of mucus or other fluids from the lungs and trachea. 2. an agent that promotes the ejection of mucus or exudate from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea; sometimes extended to all remedies that quiet cough (antitussives). [EU]

Extensor: A muscle whose contraction tends to straighten a limb; the antagonist of a flexor. [NIH]

External-beam radiation: Radiation therapy that uses a machine to aim high-energy rays at the cancer. Also called external radiation. [NIH] Extracellular: Outside a cell or cells. [EU] Extracellular Matrix: A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere. [NIH] Extravasation: A discharge or escape, as of blood, from a vessel into the tissues. [EU] Extremity: A limb; an arm or leg (membrum); sometimes applied specifically to a hand or foot. [EU] Eye Movements: Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye. [NIH] Facial: Of or pertaining to the face. [EU] Facial Nerve: The 7th cranial nerve. The facial nerve has two parts, the larger motor root which may be called the facial nerve proper, and the smaller intermediate or sensory root. Together they provide efferent innervation to the muscles of facial expression and to the lacrimal and salivary glands, and convey afferent information for taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and for touch from the external ear. [NIH] Facial Pain: Pain in the facial region including orofacial pain and craniofacial pain. Associated conditions include local inflammatory and neoplastic disorders and neuralgic syndromes involving the trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease are referred to as facial pain syndromes. [NIH] Facial Paralysis: Paralysis of the upper and lower muscles of the face on one side, due to inflammation of the facial nerve within the stylomastoid foramen. [NIH] Family Planning: Programs or services designed to assist the family in controlling reproduction by either improving or diminishing fertility. [NIH] Fat: Total lipids including phospholipids. [NIH] Fatigue: The feeling of weariness of mind and body. [NIH] Fatty acids: A major component of fats that are used by the body for energy and tissue development. [NIH] Feasibility Studies: Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project. [NIH] Feces: The excrement discharged from the intestines, consisting of bacteria, cells exfoliated from the intestines, secretions, chiefly of the liver, and a small amount of food residue. [EU] Femoral: Pertaining to the femur, or to the thigh. [EU] Femoral Artery: The main artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery. [NIH]

Fentanyl: A narcotic opioid drug that is used in the treatment of pain. [NIH]

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Ferrets: Semidomesticated variety of European polecat much used for hunting rodents and/or rabbits and as a laboratory animal. [NIH] Fertilization in Vitro: Fertilization of an egg outside the body when the egg is normally fertilized in the body. [NIH] Fetus: The developing offspring from 7 to 8 weeks after conception until birth. [NIH] Fibroblasts: Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. [NIH] Fibrosis: Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. [NIH] Fibula: The bone of the lower leg lateral to and smaller than the tibia. In proportion to its length, it is the most slender of the long bones. [NIH] Fixation: 1. the act or operation of holding, suturing, or fastening in a fixed position. 2. the condition of being held in a fixed position. 3. in psychiatry, a term with two related but distinct meanings : (1) arrest of development at a particular stage, which like regression (return to an earlier stage), if temporary is a normal reaction to setbacks and difficulties but if protracted or frequent is a cause of developmental failures and emotional problems, and (2) a close and suffocating attachment to another person, especially a childhood figure, such as one's mother or father. Both meanings are derived from psychoanalytic theory and refer to 'fixation' of libidinal energy either in a specific erogenous zone, hence fixation at the oral, anal, or phallic stage, or in a specific object, hence mother or father fixation. 4. the use of a fixative (q.v.) to preserve histological or cytological specimens. 5. in chemistry, the process whereby a substance is removed from the gaseous or solution phase and localized, as in carbon dioxide fixation or nitrogen fixation. 6. in ophthalmology, direction of the gaze so that the visual image of the object falls on the fovea centralis. 7. in film processing, the chemical removal of all undeveloped salts of the film emulsion, leaving only the developed silver to form a permanent image. [EU] Flatus: Gas passed through the rectum. [NIH] Flexion: In gynaecology, a displacement of the uterus in which the organ is bent so far forward or backward that an acute angle forms between the fundus and the cervix. [EU] Flunarizine: Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy. [NIH] Foramen: A natural hole of perforation, especially one in a bone. [NIH] Forearm: The part between the elbow and the wrist. [NIH] Fossa: A cavity, depression, or pit. [NIH] Fovea: The central part of the macula that provides the sharpest vision. [NIH] Free Radicals: Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated. [NIH] Friction: Surface resistance to the relative motion of one body against the rubbing, sliding, rolling, or flowing of another with which it is in contact. [NIH] Frontal Lobe: The anterior part of the cerebral hemisphere. [NIH] Functional magnetic resonance imaging: A noninvasive tool used to observe functioning in

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the brain or other organs by detecting changes in chemical composition, blood flow, or both. [NIH]

Fundus: The larger part of a hollow organ that is farthest away from the organ's opening. The bladder, gallbladder, stomach, uterus, eye, and cavity of the middle ear all have a fundus. [NIH] Gallbladder: The pear-shaped organ that sits below the liver. Bile is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder. [NIH] Gamma Rays: Very powerful and penetrating, high-energy electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength than that of x-rays. They are emitted by a decaying nucleus, usually between 0.01 and 10 MeV. They are also called nuclear x-rays. [NIH] Ganglia: Clusters of multipolar neurons surrounded by a capsule of loosely organized connective tissue located outside the central nervous system. [NIH] Ganglion: 1. a knot, or knotlike mass. 2. a general term for a group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system; occasionally applied to certain nuclear groups within the brain or spinal cord, e.g. basal ganglia. 3. a benign cystic tumour occurring on a aponeurosis or tendon, as in the wrist or dorsum of the foot; it consists of a thin fibrous capsule enclosing a clear mucinous fluid. [EU] Ganglionic Blockers: Agents having as their major action the interruption of neural transmission at nicotinic receptors on postganglionic autonomic neurons. Because their actions are so broad, including blocking of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, their therapeutic use has been largely supplanted by more specific drugs. They may still be used in the control of blood pressure in patients with acute dissecting aortic aneurysm and for the induction of hypotension in surgery. [NIH] Gas: Air that comes from normal breakdown of food. The gases are passed out of the body through the rectum (flatus) or the mouth (burp). [NIH] Gastric: Having to do with the stomach. [NIH] Gastric Acid: Hydrochloric acid present in gastric juice. [NIH] Gastric Emptying: The evacuation of food from the stomach into the duodenum. [NIH] Gastrin: A hormone released after eating. Gastrin causes the stomach to produce more acid. [NIH]

Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach. [EU] Gastrointestinal: Refers to the stomach and intestines. [NIH] Gastrointestinal tract: The stomach and intestines. [NIH] Gastroparesis: Nerve or muscle damage in the stomach. Causes slow digestion and emptying, vomiting, nausea, or bloating. Also called delayed gastric emptying. [NIH] Gastroscopy: Endoscopic examination, therapy, or surgery of the interior of the stomach. [NIH]

Gemcitabine: An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. [NIH]

Gene: The functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring. Genes are pieces of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein. [NIH]

Gene Expression: The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of gene action. [NIH] Generator: Any system incorporating a fixed parent radionuclide from which is produced a daughter radionuclide which is to be removed by elution or by any other method and used

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in a radiopharmaceutical. [NIH] Genital: Pertaining to the genitalia. [EU] Ginseng: An araliaceous genus of plants that contains a number of pharmacologically active agents used as stimulants, sedatives, and tonics, especially in traditional medicine. [NIH]

Gland: An organ that produces and releases one or more substances for use in the body. Some glands produce fluids that affect tissues or organs. Others produce hormones or participate in blood production. [NIH] Glossopharyngeal Nerve: The 9th cranial nerve. The glossopharyngeal nerve is a mixed motor and sensory nerve; it conveys somatic and autonomic efferents as well as general, special, and visceral afferents. Among the connections are motor fibers to the stylopharyngeus muscle, parasympathetic fibers to the parotid glands, general and taste afferents from the posterior third of the tongue, the nasopharynx, and the palate, and afferents from baroreceptors and chemoreceptors of the carotid sinus. [NIH] Glottis: The vocal apparatus of the larynx, consisting of the true vocal cords (plica vocalis) and the opening between them (rima glottidis). [NIH] Glucocorticoid: A compound that belongs to the family of compounds called corticosteroids (steroids). Glucocorticoids affect metabolism and have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. They may be naturally produced (hormones) or synthetic (drugs). [NIH] Glucose: D-Glucose. A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. [NIH] Glucose Intolerance: A pathological state in which the fasting plasma glucose level is less than 140 mg per deciliter and the 30-, 60-, or 90-minute plasma glucose concentration following a glucose tolerance test exceeds 200 mg per deciliter. This condition is seen frequently in diabetes mellitus but also occurs with other diseases. [NIH] Glycine: A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter. [NIH] Governing Board: The group in which legal authority is vested for the control of healthrelated institutions and organizations. [NIH] Grade: The grade of a tumor depends on how abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope and how quickly the tumor is likely to grow and spread. Grading systems are different for each type of cancer. [NIH] Grafting: The operation of transfer of tissue from one site to another. [NIH] Granulocytes: Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. [NIH] Granuloma: A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents. [NIH] Granulomatous Disease, Chronic: A recessive X-linked defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation. [NIH] Gravis: Eruption of watery blisters on the skin among those handling animals and animal products. [NIH] Groin: The external junctural region between the lower part of the abdomen and the thigh. [NIH]

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Growth: The progressive development of a living being or part of an organism from its earliest stage to maturity. [NIH] Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues. [NIH] Guanylate Cyclase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of GTP to 3',5'-cyclic GMP and pyrophosphate. It also acts on ITP and dGTP. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.6.1.2. [NIH] Gynecology: A medical-surgical specialty concerned with the physiology and disorders primarily of the female genital tract, as well as female endocrinology and reproductive physiology. [NIH] Gyrus Cinguli: One of the convolutions on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. It surrounds the rostral part of the brain and interhemispheric commissure and forms part of the limbic system. [NIH] Habitual: Of the nature of a habit; according to habit; established by or repeated by force of habit, customary. [EU] Habituate: Eventual cessation of response to a repeated sound. [NIH] Haematemesis: The vomiting of blood. [EU] Haematuria: Blood in the urine. [EU] Haemophilia: A haemorrhagic diathesis occurring in two main forms : (1) haemophilia A (classic haemophilia, factor VIII deficiency), an X-linked disorder due to deficiency of coagulation factor VIII; (2) haemophilia B (factor IX deficiency, Christmas disease), also Xlinked, due to deficiency of coagulation factor IX. Both forms are determined by a mutant gene near the telomere of the long arm of the X chromosome (Xq), but a different loci, and are characterized by subcutaneous and intramuscular haemorrhages; bleeding from the mouth, gums, lips, and tongue; haematuria; and haemarthroses. [EU] Hallucination: A sense perception without a source in the external world; a perception of an external stimulus object in the absence of such an object. [EU] Handwashing: The act of cleansing the hands with water or other liquid, with or without the inclusion of soap or other detergent, for the purpose of removing soil or microorganisms. [NIH] Hay Fever: A seasonal variety of allergic rhinitis, marked by acute conjunctivitis with lacrimation and itching, regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific allergens. [NIH]

Headache: Pain in the cranial region that may occur as an isolated and benign symptom or as a manifestation of a wide variety of conditions including subarachnoid hemorrhage; craniocerebral trauma; central nervous system infections; intracranial hypertension; and other disorders. In general, recurrent headaches that are not associated with a primary disease process are referred to as headache disorders (e.g., migraine). [NIH] Headache Disorders: Common conditions characterized by persistent or recurrent headaches. Headache syndrome classification systems may be based on etiology (e.g., vascular headache, post-traumatic headaches, etc.), temporal pattern (e.g., cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, etc.), and precipitating factors (e.g., cough headache). [NIH] Health Promotion: Encouraging consumer behaviors most likely to optimize health potentials (physical and psychosocial) through health information, preventive programs, and access to medical care. [NIH]

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Heart attack: A seizure of weak or abnormal functioning of the heart. [NIH] Heart failure: Loss of pumping ability by the heart, often accompanied by fatigue, breathlessness, and excess fluid accumulation in body tissues. [NIH] Heartbeat: One complete contraction of the heart. [NIH] Hematoma: An extravasation of blood localized in an organ, space, or tissue. [NIH] Hemiparesis: The weakness or paralysis affecting one side of the body. [NIH] Hemiplegia: Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body. This condition is usually caused by BRAIN DISEASES that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite to the side of weakness. Less frequently, BRAIN STEM lesions; cervical spinal cord diseases; peripheral nervous system diseases; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The term hemiparesis (see paresis) refers to mild to moderate weakness involving one side of the body. [NIH] Hemodynamics: The movements of the blood and the forces involved in systemic or regional blood circulation. [NIH] Hemoglobin: One of the fractions of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c. Glycosylated hemoglobin is formed when linkages of glucose and related monosaccharides bind to hemoglobin A and its concentration represents the average blood glucose level over the previous several weeks. HbA1c levels are used as a measure of long-term control of plasma glucose (normal, 4 to 6 percent). In controlled diabetes mellitus, the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin A is within the normal range, but in uncontrolled cases the level may be 3 to 4 times the normal conentration. Generally, complications are substantially lower among patients with Hb levels of 7 percent or less than in patients with HbA1c levels of 9 percent or more. [NIH] Hemorrhage: Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. [NIH] Hemostasis: The process which spontaneously arrests the flow of blood from vessels carrying blood under pressure. It is accomplished by contraction of the vessels, adhesion and aggregation of formed blood elements, and the process of blood or plasma coagulation. [NIH]

Hemothorax: Hemorrhage within the pleural cavity. [NIH] Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver and liver disease involving degenerative or necrotic alterations of hepatocytes. [NIH] Hepatobiliary: Pertaining to the liver and the bile or the biliary ducts. [EU] Hepatocytes: The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. [NIH] Heredity: 1. the genetic transmission of a particular quality or trait from parent to offspring. 2. the genetic constitution of an individual. [EU] Herpes: Any inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by the formation of clusters of small vesicles. When used alone, the term may refer to herpes simplex or to herpes zoster. [EU] Herpes Zoster: Acute vesicular inflammation. [NIH] Hexamethonium: A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes including hypertension but, like the other ganglionic blockers, it has been replaced by more specific drugs for most purposes, although it is widely used a research tool. [NIH] Hiccup: A spasm of the diaphragm that causes a sudden inhalation followed by rapid

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closure of the glottis which produces a sound. [NIH] Hippocampus: A curved elevation of gray matter extending the entire length of the floor of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle (Dorland, 28th ed). The hippocampus, subiculum, and dentate gyrus constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the entorhinal cortex in the hippocampal formation. [NIH] Hirsutism: Excess hair in females and children with an adult male pattern of distribution. The concept does not include hypertrichosis, which is localized or generalized excess hair. [NIH]

Histamine: 1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine. A depressor amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter. [NIH] Histidine: An essential amino acid important in a number of metabolic processes. It is required for the production of histamine. [NIH] Homeostasis: The processes whereby the internal environment of an organism tends to remain balanced and stable. [NIH] Hormonal: Pertaining to or of the nature of a hormone. [EU] Hormone: A substance in the body that regulates certain organs. Hormones such as gastrin help in breaking down food. Some hormones come from cells in the stomach and small intestine. [NIH] Hormone therapy: Treatment of cancer by removing, blocking, or adding hormones. Also called endocrine therapy. [NIH] Horny layer: The superficial layer of the epidermis containing keratinized cells. [NIH] Host: Any animal that receives a transplanted graft. [NIH] Humeral: 1. of, relating to, or situated in the region of the humerus : brachial. 2. of or belonging to the shoulder. 3. of, relating to, or being any of several body parts that are analogous in structure, function, or location to the humerus or shoulder. [EU] Humoral: Of, relating to, proceeding from, or involving a bodily humour - now often used of endocrine factors as opposed to neural or somatic. [EU] Humour: 1. a normal functioning fluid or semifluid of the body (as the blood, lymph or bile) especially of vertebrates. 2. a secretion that is itself an excitant of activity (as certain hormones). [EU] Hybrid: Cross fertilization between two varieties or, more usually, two species of vines, see also crossing. [NIH] Hybridization: The genetic process of crossbreeding to produce a hybrid. Hybrid nucleic acids can be formed by nucleic acid hybridization of DNA and RNA molecules. Protein hybridization allows for hybrid proteins to be formed from polypeptide chains. [NIH] Hydrocephalus: Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilation of cerebral ventricles, intracranial hypertension; headache; lethargy; urinary incontinence; and ataxia (and in infants macrocephaly). This condition may be caused by obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid pathways due to neurologic abnormalities, intracranial hemorrhages; central nervous system infections; brain neoplasms; craniocerebral trauma; and other conditions. Impaired resorption of cerebrospinal fluid from the arachnoid villi results in a communicating form of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo refers to ventricular dilation that occurs as a result of brain substance loss from cerebral infarction and other conditions. [NIH] Hydrogel:

A network of cross-linked hydrophilic macromolecules used in biomedical

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applications. [NIH] Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight 1. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are protons. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope deuterium and the unstable, radioactive isotope tritium. [NIH] Hydrolysis: The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water. [NIH] Hydrophilic: Readily absorbing moisture; hygroscopic; having strongly polar groups that readily interact with water. [EU] Hydrophobic: Not readily absorbing water, or being adversely affected by water, as a hydrophobic colloid. [EU] Hydroxylation: Hydroxylate, to introduce hydroxyl into (a compound or radical) usually by replacement of hydrogen. [EU] Hydroxylysine: A hydroxylated derivative of the amino acid lysine that is present in certain collagens. [NIH] Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ascorbic acid can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation. [NIH] Hyperaemia: An excess of blood in a part; engorgement. [EU] Hyperalgesia: Excessive sensitiveness or sensibility to pain. [EU] Hyperemesis: Excessive vomiting. [EU] Hyperostosis: Increase in the mass of bone per unit volume. [NIH] Hyperphagia: Ingestion of a greater than optimal quantity of food. [NIH] Hyperplasia: An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ, not due to tumor formation. It differs from hypertrophy, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. [NIH] Hyperreflexia: Exaggeration of reflexes. [EU] Hypersensitivity: Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. [NIH] Hypertension: Persistently high arterial blood pressure. Currently accepted threshold levels are 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic pressure. [NIH] Hyperthyroidism: Excessive functional activity of the thyroid gland. [NIH] Hypertrichosis: Localized or generalized excess hair. The concept does not include hirsutism, which is excess hair in females and children with an adult male pattern of distribution. [NIH] Hypertrophy: General increase in bulk of a part or organ, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells. [NIH] Hyperventilation: A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide. [NIH] Hypesthesia: Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation. [NIH] Hypnotic: A drug that acts to induce sleep. [EU] Hypotension: Abnormally low blood pressure. [NIH]

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Hypothalamus: Ventral part of the diencephalon extending from the region of the optic chiasm to the caudal border of the mammillary bodies and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the third ventricle. [NIH] Hysterectomy: Excision of the uterus. [NIH] Hysterotomy: An incision in the uterus, performed through either the abdomen or the vagina. [NIH] Id: The part of the personality structure which harbors the unconscious instinctive desires and strivings of the individual. [NIH] Idiopathic: Describes a disease of unknown cause. [NIH] Ileostomy: Surgical creation of an external opening into the ileum for fecal diversion or drainage. Loop or tube procedures are most often employed. [NIH] Ileum: The lower end of the small intestine. [NIH] Ileus: Obstruction of the intestines. [EU] Illusion: A false interpretation of a genuine percept. [NIH] Immune function: Production and action of cells that fight disease or infection. [NIH] Immune response: (antigens). [NIH]

The activity of the immune system against foreign substances

Immune system: The organs, cells, and molecules responsible for the recognition and disposal of foreign ("non-self") material which enters the body. [NIH] Immunodeficiency: The decreased ability of the body to fight infection and disease. [NIH] Immunodeficiency syndrome: The inability of the body to produce an immune response. [NIH]

Immunoglobulin: A protein that acts as an antibody. [NIH] Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents. [NIH] Immunologic: The ability of the antibody-forming system to recall a previous experience with an antigen and to respond to a second exposure with the prompt production of large amounts of antibody. [NIH] Immunology: The study of the body's immune system. [NIH] Immunosuppression: Deliberate prevention or diminution of the host's immune response. It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs. [NIH] Immunosuppressive: Describes the ability to lower immune system responses. [NIH] Immunosuppressive Agents: Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of suppressor T-cell populations or by inhibiting the activation of helper cells. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of interleukins and other cytokines are emerging. [NIH] Impairment: In the context of health experience, an impairment is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function. [NIH] Implant radiation: A procedure in which radioactive material sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters is placed directly into or near the tumor. Also called [NIH]

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Implantation: The insertion or grafting into the body of biological, living, inert, or radioactive material. [EU] Impotence: The inability to perform sexual intercourse. [NIH] In vitro: In the laboratory (outside the body). The opposite of in vivo (in the body). [NIH] In vivo: In the body. The opposite of in vitro (outside the body or in the laboratory). [NIH] Incision: A cut made in the body during surgery. [NIH] Incontinence: Inability to control the flow of urine from the bladder (urinary incontinence) or the escape of stool from the rectum (fecal incontinence). [NIH] Indicative: That indicates; that points out more or less exactly; that reveals fairly clearly. [EU]

Induction: The act or process of inducing or causing to occur, especially the production of a specific morphogenetic effect in the developing embryo through the influence of evocators or organizers, or the production of anaesthesia or unconsciousness by use of appropriate agents. [EU] Infancy: The period of complete dependency prior to the acquisition of competence in walking, talking, and self-feeding. [NIH] Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth. [NIH] Infantile: Pertaining to an infant or to infancy. [EU] Infarction: A pathological process consisting of a sudden insufficient blood supply to an area, which results in necrosis of that area. It is usually caused by a thrombus, an embolus, or a vascular torsion. [NIH] Infection: 1. invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, which may be clinically unapparent or result in local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. The infection may remain localized, subclinical, and temporary if the body's defensive mechanisms are effective. A local infection may persist and spread by extension to become an acute, subacute, or chronic clinical infection or disease state. A local infection may also become systemic when the microorganisms gain access to the lymphatic or vascular system. 2. an infectious disease. [EU]

Infection Control: Programs of disease surveillance, generally within health care facilities, designed to investigate, prevent, and control the spread of infections and their causative microorganisms. [NIH] Infertility: The diminished or absent ability to conceive or produce an offspring while sterility is the complete inability to conceive or produce an offspring. [NIH] Infiltration: The diffusion or accumulation in a tissue or cells of substances not normal to it or in amounts of the normal. Also, the material so accumulated. [EU] Informed Consent: Voluntary authorization, given to the physician by the patient, with full comprehension of the risks involved, for diagnostic or investigative procedures and medical and surgical treatment. [NIH] Ingestion: Taking into the body by mouth [NIH] Inguinal: Pertaining to the inguen, or groin. [EU] Inguinal Hernia: A small part of the large or small intestine or bladder that pushes into the groin. May cause pain and feelings of pressure or burning in the groin. Often requires surgery. [NIH] Initiation: Mutation induced by a chemical reactive substance causing cell changes; being a step in a carcinogenic process. [NIH]

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Inlay: In dentistry, a filling first made to correspond with the form of a dental cavity and then cemented into the cavity. [NIH] Innervation: 1. the distribution or supply of nerves to a part. 2. the supply of nervous energy or of nerve stimulus sent to a part. [EU] Inorganic: Pertaining to substances not of organic origin. [EU] Insight: The capacity to understand one's own motives, to be aware of one's own psychodynamics, to appreciate the meaning of symbolic behavior. [NIH] Insomnia: Difficulty in going to sleep or getting enough sleep. [NIH] Insulin: A protein hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, generally promoting the cellular utilization of glucose. It is also an important regulator of protein and lipid metabolism. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. [NIH] Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: A disease characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Autoimmune, genetic, and environmental factors are involved in the development of type I diabetes. [NIH] Interleukin-8: A cytokine that activates neutrophils and attracts neutrophils and Tlymphocytes. It is released by several cell types including monocytes, macrophages, Tlymphocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes by an inflammatory stimulus. IL-8 is a member of the beta-thromboglobulin superfamily and structurally related to platelet factor 4. [NIH] Internal radiation: A procedure in which radioactive material sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters is placed directly into or near the tumor. Also called brachytherapy, implant radiation, or interstitial radiation therapy. [NIH] Interstitial: Pertaining to or situated between parts or in the interspaces of a tissue. [EU] Intervertebral: Situated between two contiguous vertebrae. [EU] Intervertebral Disk Displacement: An intervertebral disk in which the nucleus pulposus has protruded through surrounding fibrocartilage. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region. [NIH] Intestinal: Having to do with the intestines. [NIH] Intestinal Mucosa: The surface lining of the intestines where the cells absorb nutrients. [NIH]

Intestine: A long, tube-shaped organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion. There is both a large intestine and a small intestine. Also called the bowel. [NIH] Intoxication: Poisoning, the state of being poisoned. [EU] Intracellular: Inside a cell. [NIH] Intracranial Aneurysm: A saclike dilatation of the walls of a blood vessel, usually an artery. [NIH]

Intracranial Arteriosclerosis: Vascular diseases characterized by thickening, hardening, and remodeling of the walls of intracranial arteries. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis, marked by fatty depositions in the innermost layer of the arterial walls, (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis, which features calcium deposition in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis, which refers to sclerosis of small caliber arteries. Clinically, this process may be associated with transient ischemic attack, brain infarction, intracranial embolism and thrombosis, or intracranial aneurysm. [NIH] Intracranial Hemorrhages: Bleeding within the intracranial cavity, including hemorrhages in the brain and within the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces. [NIH]

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Intracranial Hypertension: Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including hydrocephalus; brain edema; intracranial masses; severe systemic hypertension; pseudotumor cerebri; and other disorders. [NIH] Intracranial Pressure: Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity. [NIH] Intrathecal: Describes the fluid-filled space between the thin layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord. Drugs can be injected into the fluid or a sample of the fluid can be removed for testing. [NIH] Intravenous: IV. Into a vein. [NIH] Involuntary: Reaction occurring without intention or volition. [NIH] Ion Channels: Gated, ion-selective glycoproteins that traverse membranes. The stimulus for channel gating can be a membrane potential, drug, transmitter, cytoplasmic messenger, or a mechanical deformation. Ion channels which are integral parts of ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors are not included. [NIH] Ionizing: Radiation comprising charged particles, e. g. electrons, protons, alpha-particles, etc., having sufficient kinetic energy to produce ionization by collision. [NIH] Ions: An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as cations; those with a negative charge are anions. [NIH] Irradiation: The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, neutrons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy) or from materials called radioisotopes. Radioisotopes produce radiation and can be placed in or near the tumor or in the area near cancer cells. This type of radiation treatment is called internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, interstitial radiation, or brachytherapy. Systemic radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that circulates throughout the body. Irradiation is also called radiation therapy, radiotherapy, and x-ray therapy. [NIH] Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A disorder that comes and goes. Nerves that control the muscles in the GI tract are too active. The GI tract becomes sensitive to food, stool, gas, and stress. Causes abdominal pain, bloating, and constipation or diarrhea. Also called spastic colon or mucous colitis. [NIH] Irritants: Drugs that act locally on cutaneous or mucosal surfaces to produce inflammation; those that cause redness due to hyperemia are rubefacients; those that raise blisters are vesicants and those that penetrate sebaceous glands and cause abscesses are pustulants; tear gases and mustard gases are also irritants. [NIH] Ischemia: Deficiency of blood in a part, due to functional constriction or actual obstruction of a blood vessel. [EU] Ischemic stroke: A condition in which the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off. Also called "plug-type" strokes. Blocked arteries starve areas of the brain controlling sight, speech, sensation, and movement so that these functions are partially or completely lost. Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke, accounting for 80 percent of all strokes. Most ischemic strokes are caused by a blood clot called a thrombus, which blocks blood flow in the arteries feeding the brain, usually the carotid artery in the neck, the major vessel bringing blood to the brain. When it becomes blocked, the risk of stroke is very high. [NIH] Isoenzyme: Different forms of an enzyme, usually occurring in different tissues. The isoenzymes of a particular enzyme catalyze the same reaction but they differ in some of their properties. [NIH]

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Joint: The point of contact between elements of an animal skeleton with the parts that surround and support it. [NIH] Kb: A measure of the length of DNA fragments, 1 Kb = 1000 base pairs. The largest DNA fragments are up to 50 kilobases long. [NIH] Keratinocytes: Epidermal cells which synthesize keratin and undergo characteristic changes as they move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell. [NIH] Keratoconjunctivitis: Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva. [NIH] Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca: Drying and inflammation of the conjunctiva as a result of insufficient lacrimal secretion. When found in association with xerostomia and polyarthritis, it is called Sjogren's syndrome. [NIH] Keto: It consists of 8 carbon atoms and within the endotoxins, it connects poysaccharide and lipid A. [NIH] Kidney stone: A stone that develops from crystals that form in urine and build up on the inner surfaces of the kidney, in the renal pelvis, or in the ureters. [NIH] Labile: 1. gliding; moving from point to point over the surface; unstable; fluctuating. 2. chemically unstable. [EU] Lacrimal: Pertaining to the tears. [EU] Large Intestine: The part of the intestine that goes from the cecum to the rectum. The large intestine absorbs water from stool and changes it from a liquid to a solid form. The large intestine is 5 feet long and includes the appendix, cecum, colon, and rectum. Also called colon. [NIH] Larynx: An irregularly shaped, musculocartilaginous tubular structure, lined with mucous membrane, located at the top of the trachea and below the root of the tongue and the hyoid bone. It is the essential sphincter guarding the entrance into the trachea and functioning secondarily as the organ of voice. [NIH] Laser therapy: The use of an intensely powerful beam of light to kill cancer cells. [NIH] Latency: The period of apparent inactivity between the time when a stimulus is presented and the moment a response occurs. [NIH] Latent: Phoria which occurs at one distance or another and which usually has no troublesome effect. [NIH] Least-Squares Analysis: A principle of estimation in which the estimates of a set of parameters in a statistical model are those quantities minimizing the sum of squared differences between the observed values of a dependent variable and the values predicted by the model. [NIH] Lens: The transparent, double convex (outward curve on both sides) structure suspended between the aqueous and vitreous; helps to focus light on the retina. [NIH] Lesion: An area of abnormal tissue change. [NIH] Lethargy: Abnormal drowsiness or stupor; a condition of indifference. [EU] Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation. [NIH]

Leucocyte: All the white cells of the blood and their precursors (myeloid cell series, lymphoid cell series) but commonly used to indicate granulocytes exclusive of lymphocytes. [NIH]

Leukocytes: White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (basophils, eosinophils,

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and neutrophils) as well as non-granular leukocytes (lymphocytes and monocytes). [NIH] Leukopenia: A condition in which the number of leukocytes (white blood cells) in the blood is reduced. [NIH] Leukotrienes: A family of biologically active compounds derived from arachidonic acid by oxidative metabolism through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. They participate in host defense reactions and pathophysiological conditions such as immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation. They have potent actions on many essential organs and systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous system as well as the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system. [NIH] Library Services: circulation. [NIH]

Services offered to the library user. They include reference and

Ligament: A band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or cartilages, serving to support and strengthen joints. [EU] Ligation: Application of a ligature to tie a vessel or strangulate a part. [NIH] Likelihood Functions: Functions constructed from a statistical model and a set of observed data which give the probability of that data for various values of the unknown model parameters. Those parameter values that maximize the probability are the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters. [NIH] Limbic: Pertaining to a limbus, or margin; forming a border around. [EU] Limbic System: A set of forebrain structures common to all mammals that is defined functionally and anatomically. It is implicated in the higher integration of visceral, olfactory, and somatic information as well as homeostatic responses including fundamental survival behaviors (feeding, mating, emotion). For most authors, it includes the amygdala, epithalamus, gyrus cinguli, hippocampal formation (see hippocampus), hypothalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, septal nuclei, anterior nuclear group of thalamus, and portions of the basal ganglia. (Parent, Carpenter's Human Neuroanatomy, 9th ed, p744; NeuroNames, http://rprcsgi.rprc.washington.edu/neuronames/index.html (September 2, 1998)). [NIH] Linear Models: Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression. [NIH] Lipid: Fat. [NIH] Lipoprotein: Any of the lipid-protein complexes in which lipids are transported in the blood; lipoprotein particles consist of a spherical hydrophobic core of triglycerides or cholesterol esters surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol, and apolipoproteins; the four principal classes are high-density, low-density, and very-lowdensity lipoproteins and chylomicrons. [EU] Liver: A large, glandular organ located in the upper abdomen. The liver cleanses the blood and aids in digestion by secreting bile. [NIH] Liver cancer: A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the tissues of the liver. [NIH] Lobe: A portion of an organ such as the liver, lung, breast, or brain. [NIH] Localization: The process of determining or marking the location or site of a lesion or disease. May also refer to the process of keeping a lesion or disease in a specific location or site. [NIH] Localized: Cancer which has not metastasized yet. [NIH] Logistic Models: Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative

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dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor. [NIH] Lordosis: The anterior concavity in the curvature of the lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side. The term usually refers to abnormally increased curvature (hollow back, saddle back, swayback). It does not include lordosis as normal mating posture in certain animals ( = posture + sex behavior, animal). [NIH] Low Back Pain: Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous sprains and strains; intervertebral disk displacement; and other conditions. [NIH] Low-calorie diet: Caloric restriction of about 800 to 1,500 calories (approximately 12 to 15 kcal/kg of body weight) per day. [NIH] Low-density lipoprotein: Lipoprotein that contains most of the cholesterol in the blood. LDL carries cholesterol to the tissues of the body, including the arteries. A high level of LDL increases the risk of heart disease. LDL typically contains 60 to 70 percent of the total serum cholesterol and both are directly correlated with CHD risk. [NIH] Lumbago: Pain in the lumbar region. [EU] Lumbar: Pertaining to the loins, the part of the back between the thorax and the pelvis. [EU] Lupus: A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen predominantly in women and typically involves the nasal, buccal, and conjunctival mucosa. [NIH] Lymph: The almost colorless fluid that travels through the lymphatic system and carries cells that help fight infection and disease. [NIH] Lymph node: A rounded mass of lymphatic tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue. Also known as a lymph gland. Lymph nodes are spread out along lymphatic vessels and contain many lymphocytes, which filter the lymphatic fluid (lymph). [NIH]

Lymphadenectomy: A surgical procedure in which the lymph nodes are removed and examined to see whether they contain cancer. Also called lymph node dissection. [NIH] Lymphatic system: The tissues and organs that produce, store, and carry white blood cells that fight infection and other diseases. This system includes the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and a network of thin tubes that carry lymph and white blood cells. These tubes branch, like blood vessels, into all the tissues of the body. [NIH] Lymphedema: Edema due to obstruction of lymph vessels or disorders of the lymph nodes. [NIH]

Lymphocyte: A white blood cell. Lymphocytes have a number of roles in the immune system, including the production of antibodies and other substances that fight infection and diseases. [NIH] Lymphocyte Count: A count of the number of lymphocytes in the blood. [NIH] Lymphocyte Depletion: Immunosuppression by reduction of circulating lymphocytes or by T-cell depletion of bone marrow. The former may be accomplished in vivo by thoracic duct drainage or administration of antilymphocyte serum. The latter is performed ex vivo on bone marrow before its transplantation. [NIH] Lymphoid: Referring to lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Also refers to tissue in which lymphocytes develop. [NIH] Lytic: 1. pertaining to lysis or to a lysin. 2. producing lysis. [EU]

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques. [NIH] Malignant: Cancerous; a growth with a tendency to invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body. [NIH] Mammary: Pertaining to the mamma, or breast. [EU] Mania: Excitement of psychotic proportions manifested by mental and physical hyperactivity, disorganization of behaviour, and elevation of mood. [EU] Manic: Affected with mania. [EU] Manic-depressive psychosis: One of a group of psychotic reactions, fundamentally marked by severe mood swings and a tendency to remission and recurrence. [NIH] Manifest: Being the part or aspect of a phenomenon that is directly observable : concretely expressed in behaviour. [EU] Masseter Muscle: A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws. [NIH] Mastication: The act and process of chewing and grinding food in the mouth. [NIH] Masticatory: 1. subserving or pertaining to mastication; affecting the muscles of mastication. 2. a remedy to be chewed but not swallowed. [EU] Mastitis: Inflammatory disease of the breast, or mammary gland. [NIH] Maxillary: Pertaining to the maxilla : the irregularly shaped bone that with its fellow forms the upper jaw. [EU] Maxillary Nerve: The intermediate sensory division of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The maxillary nerve carries general afferents from the intermediate region of the face including the lower eyelid, nose and upper lip, the maxillary teeth, and parts of the dura. [NIH]

Medial Forebrain Bundle: A complex group of fibers arising from the basal olfactory regions, the periamygdaloid region, and the septal nuclei, and passing to the lateral hypothalamus. Some fibers continue into the tegmentum. [NIH] Median Nerve: A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans, the fibers of the median nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually C6 to T1), travel via the brachial plexus, and supply sensory and motor innervation to parts of the forearm and hand. [NIH] Mediate: Indirect; accomplished by the aid of an intervening medium. [EU] Mediator: An object or substance by which something is mediated, such as (1) a structure of the nervous system that transmits impulses eliciting a specific response; (2) a chemical substance (transmitter substance) that induces activity in an excitable tissue, such as nerve or muscle; or (3) a substance released from cells as the result of the interaction of antigen with antibody or by the action of antigen with a sensitized lymphocyte. [EU] Medical Records: illnesses. [NIH]

Recording of pertinent information concerning patient's illness or

Medical Staff: Professional medical personnel who provide care to patients in an organized facility, institution or agency. [NIH] MEDLINE: An online database of MEDLARS, the computerized bibliographic Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System of the National Library of Medicine. [NIH] Medullary: Pertaining to the marrow or to any medulla; resembling marrow. [EU]

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Melanin: The substance that gives the skin its color. [NIH] Membrane: A very thin layer of tissue that covers a surface. [NIH] Memory: Complex mental function having four distinct phases: (1) memorizing or learning, (2) retention, (3) recall, and (4) recognition. Clinically, it is usually subdivided into immediate, recent, and remote memory. [NIH] Meninges: The three membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord. [NIH] Menopause: Permanent cessation of menstruation. [NIH] Menstrual Cycle: The period of the regularly recurring physiologic changes in the endometrium occurring during the reproductive period in human females and some primates and culminating in partial sloughing of the endometrium (menstruation). [NIH] Menstruation: The normal physiologic discharge through the vagina of blood and mucosal tissues from the nonpregnant uterus. [NIH] Mental: Pertaining to the mind; psychic. 2. (L. mentum chin) pertaining to the chin. [EU] Mental Disorders: Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. [NIH] Mental Health: The state wherein the person is well adjusted. [NIH] Mental Processes: Conceptual functions or thinking in all its forms. [NIH] Mental Retardation: Refers to sub-average general intellectual functioning which originated during the developmental period and is associated with impairment in adaptive behavior. [NIH] Meperidine: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester. A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration. [NIH] Mesolimbic: Inner brain region governing emotion and drives. [NIH] Meta-Analysis: A quantitative method of combining the results of independent studies (usually drawn from the published literature) and synthesizing summaries and conclusions which may be used to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness, plan new studies, etc., with application chiefly in the areas of research and medicine. [NIH] Metastasis: The spread of cancer from one part of the body to another. Tumors formed from cells that have spread are called "secondary tumors" and contain cells that are like those in the original (primary) tumor. The plural is metastases. [NIH] Metastatic: Having to do with metastasis, which is the spread of cancer from one part of the body to another. [NIH] Methionine: A sulfur containing essential amino acid that is important in many body functions. It is a chelating agent for heavy metals. [NIH] Metoprolol: Adrenergic beta-1-blocking agent with no stimulatory action. It is less bound to plasma albumin than alprenolol and may be useful in angina pectoris, hypertension, or cardiac arrhythmias. [NIH] MI: Myocardial infarction. Gross necrosis of the myocardium as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area; it is almost always caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, upon which coronary thrombosis is usually superimposed. [NIH] Microbe: An organism which cannot be observed with the naked eye; e. g. unicellular

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animals, lower algae, lower fungi, bacteria. [NIH] Microcirculation: The vascular network lying between the arterioles and venules; includes capillaries, metarterioles and arteriovenous anastomoses. Also, the flow of blood through this network. [NIH] Microglia: The third type of glial cell, along with astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (which together form the macroglia). Microglia vary in appearance depending on developmental stage, functional state, and anatomical location; subtype terms include ramified, perivascular, ameboid, resting, and activated. Microglia clearly are capable of phagocytosis and play an important role in a wide spectrum of neuropathologies. They have also been suggested to act in several other roles including in secretion (e.g., of cytokines and neural growth factors), in immunological processing (e.g., antigen presentation), and in central nervous system development and remodeling. [NIH] Microorganism: An organism that can be seen only through a microscope. Microorganisms include bacteria, protozoa, algae, and fungi. Although viruses are not considered living organisms, they are sometimes classified as microorganisms. [NIH] Microscopy: The application of microscope magnification to the study of materials that cannot be properly seen by the unaided eye. [NIH] Midazolam: A short-acting compound, water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH. It is a hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used for sedation in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. Because of its short duration and cardiorespiratory stability, it is particularly useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. [NIH]

Middle Cerebral Artery: The largest and most complex of the cerebral arteries. Branches of the middle cerebral artery supply the insular region, motor and premotor areas, and large regions of the association cortex. [NIH] Midwifery: The practice of assisting women in childbirth. [NIH] Milliliter: A measure of volume for a liquid. A milliliter is approximately 950-times smaller than a quart and 30-times smaller than a fluid ounce. A milliliter of liquid and a cubic centimeter (cc) of liquid are the same. [NIH] Millimeter: A measure of length. A millimeter is approximately 26-times smaller than an inch. [NIH] Miotic: 1. pertaining to, characterized by, or producing miosis : contraction of the pupil. 2. an agent that causes the pupil to contract. 3. meiotic : characterized by cell division. [EU] Mitosis: A method of indirect cell division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of chromosomes of the somatic cells of the species. [NIH] Modeling: A treatment procedure whereby the therapist presents the target behavior which the learner is to imitate and make part of his repertoire. [NIH] Modification: A change in an organism, or in a process in an organism, that is acquired from its own activity or environment. [NIH] Molecular: Of, pertaining to, or composed of molecules : a very small mass of matter. [EU] Molecule: A chemical made up of two or more atoms. The atoms in a molecule can be the same (an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom). Biological molecules, such as proteins and DNA, can be made up of many thousands of atoms. [NIH] Monitor: An apparatus which automatically records such physiological signs as respiration,

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pulse, and blood pressure in an anesthetized patient or one undergoing surgical or other procedures. [NIH] Monoamine: Enzyme that breaks down dopamine in the astrocytes and microglia. [NIH] Monoclonal: An antibody produced by culturing a single type of cell. It therefore consists of a single species of immunoglobulin molecules. [NIH] Monocytes: Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles. [NIH] Mononuclear: A cell with one nucleus. [NIH] Mood Disorders: Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature. [NIH] Morphine: The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle. [NIH] Morphological: Relating to the configuration or the structure of live organs. [NIH] Motility: The ability to move spontaneously. [EU] Motion Sickness: Sickness caused by motion, as sea sickness, train sickness, car sickness, and air sickness. [NIH] Motor Endplate: The specialized postsynaptic region of a muscle cell. The motor endplate is immediately across the synaptic cleft from the presynaptic axon terminal. Among its anatomical specializations are junctional folds which harbor a high density of cholinergic receptors. [NIH] Mucinous: Containing or resembling mucin, the main compound in mucus. [NIH] Mucins: A secretion containing mucopolysaccharides and protein that is the chief constituent of mucus. [NIH] Mucociliary: Pertaining to or affecting the mucus membrane and hairs (including eyelashes, nose hair, ...): mucociliary clearing: the clearance of mucus by ciliary movement ( particularly in the respiratory system). [EU] Mucositis: A complication of some cancer therapies in which the lining of the digestive system becomes inflamed. Often seen as sores in the mouth. [NIH] Mucus: The viscous secretion of mucous membranes. It contains mucin, white blood cells, water, inorganic salts, and exfoliated cells. [NIH] Multicenter study: A clinical trial that is carried out at more than one medical institution. [NIH]

Muscular Diseases: Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of skeletal muscle and smooth muscle. [NIH] Muscular Dystrophies: A general term for a group of inherited disorders which are characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal muscles. [NIH] Musculoskeletal System: Themuscles, bones, and cartilage of the body. [NIH] Mustard Gas: Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed). [NIH] Myasthenia: Muscular debility; any constitutional anomaly of muscle. [EU] Myelin: The fatty substance that covers and protects nerves. [NIH]

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Myocardial Contraction: Contractile activity of the heart. [NIH] Myocardial infarction: Gross necrosis of the myocardium as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area; it is almost always caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, upon which coronary thrombosis is usually superimposed. [NIH] Myocardial Ischemia: A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (coronary arteriosclerosis), to obstruction by a thrombus (coronary thrombosis), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (myocardial infarction). [NIH] Myocardium: The muscle tissue of the heart composed of striated, involuntary muscle known as cardiac muscle. [NIH] Naive: Used to describe an individual who has never taken a certain drug or class of drugs (e. g., AZT-naive, antiretroviral-naive), or to refer to an undifferentiated immune system cell. [NIH] Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. [NIH] Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of naloxone. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence. [NIH] Narcolepsy: A condition of unknown cause characterized by a periodic uncontrollable tendency to fall asleep. [NIH] Narcotic: 1. pertaining to or producing narcosis. 2. an agent that produces insensibility or stupor, applied especially to the opioids, i.e. to any natural or synthetic drug that has morphine-like actions. [EU] Nausea: An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses. [NIH] NCI: National Cancer Institute. NCI, part of the National Institutes of Health of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, is the federal government's principal agency for cancer research. NCI conducts, coordinates, and funds cancer research, training, health information dissemination, and other programs with respect to the cause, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of cancer. Access the NCI Web site at http://cancer.gov. [NIH] Neck dissection: Surgery to remove lymph nodes and other tissues in the neck. [NIH] Neck Pain: Discomfort or more intense forms of pain that are localized to the cervical region. This term generally refers to pain in the posterior or lateral regions of the neck. [NIH] Necrosis: A pathological process caused by the progressive degradative action of enzymes that is generally associated with severe cellular trauma. It is characterized by mitochondrial swelling, nuclear flocculation, uncontrolled cell lysis, and ultimately cell death. [NIH] Need: A state of tension or dissatisfaction felt by an individual that impels him to action toward a goal he believes will satisfy the impulse. [NIH] Needle Sharing: Usage of a single needle among two or more people for injecting drugs. Needle sharing is a high-risk behavior for contracting infectious disease. [NIH] Needlestick Injuries: Penetrating stab wounds caused by needles. They are of special concern to health care workers since such injuries put them at risk for developing infectious

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disease. [NIH] Neoplasm: A new growth of benign or malignant tissue. [NIH] Neoplastic: Pertaining to or like a neoplasm (= any new and abnormal growth); pertaining to neoplasia (= the formation of a neoplasm). [EU] Nerve: A cordlike structure of nervous tissue that connects parts of the nervous system with other tissues of the body and conveys nervous impulses to, or away from, these tissues. [NIH]

Nerve Endings: Specialized terminations of peripheral neurons. Nerve endings include neuroeffector junction(s) by which neurons activate target organs and sensory receptors which transduce information from the various sensory modalities and send it centrally in the nervous system. Presynaptic nerve endings are presynaptic terminals. [NIH] Nerve Fibers: Slender processes of neurons, especially the prolonged axons that conduct nerve impulses. [NIH] Nerve Growth Factor: Nerve growth factor is the first of a series of neurotrophic factors that were found to influence the growth and differentiation of sympathetic and sensory neurons. It is comprised of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. The beta subunit is responsible for its growth stimulating activity. [NIH] Nerve Regeneration: Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue. [NIH] Nervous System: The entire nerve apparatus composed of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and ganglia. [NIH] Nervousness: Excessive excitability and irritability, with mental and physical unrest. [EU] Networks: Pertaining to a nerve or to the nerves, a meshlike structure of interlocking fibers or strands. [NIH] Neural: 1. pertaining to a nerve or to the nerves. 2. situated in the region of the spinal axis, as the neutral arch. [EU] Neuralgia: Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve. [NIH] Neuritis: A general term indicating inflammation of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include pain; paresthesias; paresis; or hypesthesia. [NIH] Neurodermatitis: An extremely variable eczematous skin disease that is presumed to be a response to prolonged vigorous scratching, rubbing, or pinching to relieve intense pruritus. It varies in intensity, severity, course, and morphologic expression in different individuals. Neurodermatitis is believed by some to be psychogenic. The circumscribed or localized form is often referred to as lichen simplex chronicus. [NIH] Neuroeffector Junction: The synapse between a neuron (presynaptic) and an effector cell other than another neuron (postsynaptic). Neuroeffector junctions include synapses onto muscles and onto secretory cells. [NIH] Neurogenic: Loss of bladder control caused by damage to the nerves controlling the bladder. [NIH] Neuroleptanalgesia: A form of analgesia accompanied by general quiescence and psychic indifference to environmental stimuli, without loss of consciousness, and produced by the combined administration of a major tranquilizer (neuroleptic) and a narcotic. [NIH] Neuroleptic: A term coined to refer to the effects on cognition and behaviour of antipsychotic drugs, which produce a state of apathy, lack of initiative, and limited range of emotion and in psychotic patients cause a reduction in confusion and agitation and normalization of psychomotor activity. [EU]

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Neurologic: Having to do with nerves or the nervous system. [NIH] Neurology: A medical specialty concerned with the study of the structures, functions, and diseases of the nervous system. [NIH] Neuromuscular: Pertaining to muscles and nerves. [EU] Neuromuscular Junction: The synapse between a neuron and a muscle. [NIH] Neuronal: Pertaining to a neuron or neurons (= conducting cells of the nervous system). [EU]

Neurons: The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. [NIH] Neuropathy: A problem in any part of the nervous system except the brain and spinal cord. Neuropathies can be caused by infection, toxic substances, or disease. [NIH] Neuropeptide: A member of a class of protein-like molecules made in the brain. Neuropeptides consist of short chains of amino acids, with some functioning as neurotransmitters and some functioning as hormones. [NIH] Neurophysiology: The scientific discipline concerned with the physiology of the nervous system. [NIH] Neurosis: Functional derangement due to disorders of the nervous system which does not affect the psychic personality of the patient. [NIH] Neurotransmitter: Any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. Among the many substances that have the properties of a neurotransmitter are acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, glycine, y-aminobutyrate, glutamic acid, substance P, enkephalins, endorphins, and serotonin. [EU] Neutrons: Electrically neutral elementary particles found in all atomic nuclei except light hydrogen; the mass is equal to that of the proton and electron combined and they are unstable when isolated from the nucleus, undergoing beta decay. Slow, thermal, epithermal, and fast neutrons refer to the energy levels with which the neutrons are ejected from heavier nuclei during their decay. [NIH] Neutrophil: A type of white blood cell. [NIH] Niacin: Water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. Required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. Has pellagra-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties. [NIH] Nicotine: Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke. [NIH] Nitric Oxide: A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells. It is synthesized from arginine by a complex reaction, catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase. Nitric oxide is endothelium-derived relaxing factor. It is released by the vascular endothelium and mediates the relaxation induced by some vasodilators such as acetylcholine and bradykinin. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic guanylate cyclase and thus elevates intracellular levels of cyclic GMP. [NIH]

Nitrogen: An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight 14.

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Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells. [NIH] Nonverbal Communication: Transmission of emotions, ideas, and attitudes between individuals in ways other than the spoken language. [NIH] Norepinephrine: Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic. [NIH] Normotensive: 1. characterized by normal tone, tension, or pressure, as by normal blood pressure. 2. a person with normal blood pressure. [EU] Nuclear: A test of the structure, blood flow, and function of the kidneys. The doctor injects a mildly radioactive solution into an arm vein and uses x-rays to monitor its progress through the kidneys. [NIH] Nuclei: A body of specialized protoplasm found in nearly all cells and containing the chromosomes. [NIH] Nucleic acid: Either of two types of macromolecule (DNA or RNA) formed by polymerization of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are found in all living cells and contain the information (genetic code) for the transfer of genetic information from one generation to the next. [NIH] Nucleus: A body of specialized protoplasm found in nearly all cells and containing the chromosomes. [NIH] Nucleus Accumbens: Collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the so-called ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia. [NIH] Nystagmus: An involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball, which may be horizontal, vertical, rotatory, or mixed, i.e., of two varieties. [EU] Obstetrics: A medical-surgical specialty concerned with management and care of women during pregnancy, parturition, and the puerperium. [NIH] Occipital Lobe: Posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere. [NIH] Ocular: 1. of, pertaining to, or affecting the eye. 2. eyepiece. [EU] Oedema: The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of the body; usually applied to demonstrable accumulation of excessive fluid in the subcutaneous tissues. Edema may be localized, due to venous or lymphatic obstruction or to increased vascular permeability, or it may be systemic due to heart failure or renal disease. Collections of edema fluid are designated according to the site, e.g. ascites (peritoneal cavity), hydrothorax (pleural cavity), and hydropericardium (pericardial sac). Massive generalized edema is called anasarca. [EU] Oligomenorrhea: Abnormally infrequent menstruation. [NIH] Oncology: The study of cancer. [NIH] Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and it has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties. [NIH] On-line: A sexually-reproducing population derived from a common parentage. [NIH] Opacity: Degree of density (area most dense taken for reading). [NIH]

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Ophthalmic: Pertaining to the eye. [EU] Ophthalmology: A surgical specialty concerned with the structure and function of the eye and the medical and surgical treatment of its defects and diseases. [NIH] Opiate: A remedy containing or derived from opium; also any drug that induces sleep. [EU] Opioid Peptides: The endogenous peptides with opiate-like activity. The three major classes currently recognized are the enkephalins, the dynorphins, and the endorphins. Each of these families derives from different precursors, proenkephalin, prodynorphin, and proopiomelanocortin, respectively. There are also at least three classes of opioid receptors, but the peptide families do not map to the receptors in a simple way. [NIH] Opium: The air-dried exudate from the unripe seed capsule of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, or its variant, P. album. It contains a number of alkaloids, but only a few morphine, codeine, and papaverine - have clinical significance. Opium has been used as an analgesic, antitussive, antidiarrheal, and antispasmodic. [NIH] Opportunistic Infections: An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression. [NIH] Opsin: A visual pigment protein found in the retinal rods. It combines with retinaldehyde to form rhodopsin. [NIH] Optic Atrophy: Atrophy of the optic disk which may be congenital or acquired. This condition indicates a deficiency in the number of nerve fibers which arise in the retina and converge to form the optic disk, optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tracts. Glaucoma, ischemia, inflammation, a chronic elevation of intracranial pressure, toxins, optic nerve compression, and inherited conditions are relatively common causes of this condition. [NIH] Optic Chiasm: The X-shaped structure formed by the meeting of the two optic nerves. At the optic chiasm the fibers from the medial part of each retina cross to project to the other side of the brain while the lateral retinal fibers continue on the same side. As a result each half of the brain receives information about the contralateral visual field from both eyes. [NIH]

Optic Disk: The portion of the optic nerve seen in the fundus with the ophthalmoscope. It is formed by the meeting of all the retinal ganglion cell axons as they enter the optic nerve. [NIH]

Optic Nerve: The 2nd cranial nerve. The optic nerve conveys visual information from the retina to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the retinal ganglion cells which sort at the optic chiasm and continue via the optic tracts to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other important targets include the superior colliculi and the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the central nervous system. [NIH] Orgasm: The crisis of sexual excitement in either humans or animals. [NIH] Orofacial: Of or relating to the mouth and face. [EU] Orthopaedic: Pertaining to the correction of deformities of the musculoskeletal system; pertaining to orthopaedics. [EU] Osteoarthritis: A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. [NIH] Osteoclasts: A large multinuclear cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in cementum resorption. [NIH]

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Osteoporosis: Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis and age-related (or senile) osteoporosis. [NIH] Ostriches: Flightless birds of the order Struthioniformes which naturally inhabit open, low rainfall areas of Africa. [NIH] Outpatient: A patient who is not an inmate of a hospital but receives diagnosis or treatment in a clinic or dispensary connected with the hospital. [NIH] Ovaries: The pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus. [NIH] Ovulation: The discharge of a secondary oocyte from a ruptured graafian follicle. [NIH] Ovulation Induction: Techniques for the artifical induction of ovulation. [NIH] Oxygenation: The process of supplying, treating, or mixing with oxygen. No:1245 oxygenation the process of supplying, treating, or mixing with oxygen. [EU] Paediatric: Of or relating to the care and medical treatment of children; belonging to or concerned with paediatrics. [EU] Pain Threshold: experienced. [NIH]

Amount of stimulation required before the sensation of pain is

Palliative: 1. affording relief, but not cure. 2. an alleviating medicine. [EU] Palpation: Application of fingers with light pressure to the surface of the body to determine consistence of parts beneath in physical diagnosis; includes palpation for determining the outlines of organs. [NIH] Palsy: Disease of the peripheral nervous system occurring usually after many years of increased lead absorption. [NIH] Pancreas: A mixed exocrine and endocrine gland situated transversely across the posterior abdominal wall in the epigastric and hypochondriac regions. The endocrine portion is comprised of the Islets of Langerhans, while the exocrine portion is a compound acinar gland that secretes digestive enzymes. [NIH] Pancreatic: Having to do with the pancreas. [NIH] Pancreatic cancer: Cancer of the pancreas, a salivary gland of the abdomen. [NIH] Pancreatic Polypeptide: A 36-amino acid polypeptide with physiological regulatory functions. It is secreted by pancreatic tissue. Plasma pancreatic polypeptide increases after ingestion of food, with age, and in disease states. A lack of pancreatic polypeptide in the islets of Langerhans has been associated with the obese syndrome in rats and mice. [NIH] Panniculitis: General term for inflammation of adipose tissue, usually of the skin, characterized by reddened subcutaneous nodules. [NIH] Paradoxical: Occurring at variance with the normal rule. [EU] Paralysis: Loss of ability to move all or part of the body. [NIH] Paranasal Sinuses: Air-filled extensions of the respiratory part of the nasal cavity into the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and maxillary cranial bones. They vary in size and form in different individuals and are lined by the ciliated mucous membranes of the nasal cavity. [NIH]

Paraplegia: Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with spinal cord diseases, although brain diseases; peripheral nervous system diseases; neuromuscular diseases; and muscular diseases may also cause bilateral leg weakness. [NIH]

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Paresis: A general term referring to a mild to moderate degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a synonym for paralysis (severe or complete loss of motor function). In the older literature, paresis often referred specifically to paretic neurosyphilis. "General paresis" and "general paralysis" may still carry that connotation. Bilateral lower extremity paresis is referred to as paraparesis. [NIH] Paresthesias: Abnormal touch sensations, such as burning or prickling, that occur without an outside stimulus. [NIH] Parietal: 1. of or pertaining to the walls of a cavity. 2. pertaining to or located near the parietal bone, as the parietal lobe. [EU] Parietal Lobe: Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere. [NIH] Paroxysmal: Recurring in paroxysms (= spasms or seizures). [EU] Partial remission: The shrinking, but not complete disappearance, of a tumor in response to therapy. Also called partial response. [NIH] Partial response: A decrease in the size of a tumor, or in the extent of cancer in the body, in response to treatment. [NIH] Parturition: The act or process of given birth to a child. [EU] Pathogen: Any disease-producing microorganism. [EU] Pathogenesis: The cellular events and reactions that occur in the development of disease. [NIH]

Pathologic: 1. indicative of or caused by a morbid condition. 2. pertaining to pathology (= branch of medicine that treats the essential nature of the disease, especially the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs of the body caused by the disease). [EU] Pathologic Processes: The abnormal mechanisms and forms involved in the dysfunctions of tissues and organs. [NIH] Pathophysiology: Altered functions in an individual or an organ due to disease. [NIH] Patient Education: The teaching or training of patients concerning their own health needs. [NIH]

Patient Satisfaction: The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial. [NIH] Pediatrics: A medical specialty concerned with maintaining health and providing medical care to children from birth to adolescence. [NIH] Pelvic: Pertaining to the pelvis. [EU] Pelvic inflammatory disease: A bacteriological disease sometimes associated with intrauterine device (IUD) usage. [NIH] Pelvis: The lower part of the abdomen, located between the hip bones. [NIH] Penis: The external reproductive organ of males. It is composed of a mass of erectile tissue enclosed in three cylindrical fibrous compartments. Two of the three compartments, the corpus cavernosa, are placed side-by-side along the upper part of the organ. The third compartment below, the corpus spongiosum, houses the urethra. [NIH] Peptide: Any compound consisting of two or more amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. Peptides are combined to make proteins. [NIH] Perception: The ability quickly and accurately to recognize similarities and differences among presented objects, whether these be pairs of words, pairs of number series, or multiple sets of these or other symbols such as geometric figures. [NIH]

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Perforation: 1. the act of boring or piercing through a part. 2. a hole made through a part or substance. [EU] Perfusion: Bathing an organ or tissue with a fluid. In regional perfusion, a specific area of the body (usually an arm or a leg) receives high doses of anticancer drugs through a blood vessel. Such a procedure is performed to treat cancer that has not spread. [NIH] Periaqueductal Gray: Central gray matter surrounding the cerebral aqueduct in the mesencephalon. Physiologically it is probably involved in rage reactions, the lordosis reflex, feeding responses, bladder tonus, and pain. [NIH] Periarthritis: Inflammation of the tissues around a joint. [EU] Pericardium: The fibroserous sac surrounding the heart and the roots of the great vessels. [NIH]

Periodontal disease: Disease involving the supporting structures of the teeth (as the gums and periodontal membranes). [NIH] Periodontal disease: Disease involving the supporting structures of the teeth (as the gums and periodontal membranes). [NIH] Periodontitis: simplex. [NIH]

Inflammation of the periodontal membrane; also called periodontitis

Peripheral blood: Blood circulating throughout the body. [NIH] Peripheral Nerves: The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium. [NIH] Peripheral Nervous System: The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system has autonomic and somatic divisions. The autonomic nervous system includes the enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic subdivisions. The somatic nervous system includes the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors. [NIH] Peripheral Nervous System Diseases: Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves. [NIH] Peripheral Neuropathy: Nerve damage, usually affecting the feet and legs; causing pain, numbness, or a tingling feeling. Also called "somatic neuropathy" or "distal sensory polyneuropathy." [NIH] Peripheral Vascular Disease: Disease in the large blood vessels of the arms, legs, and feet. People who have had diabetes for a long time may get this because major blood vessels in their arms, legs, and feet are blocked and these limbs do not receive enough blood. The signs of PVD are aching pains in the arms, legs, and feet (especially when walking) and foot sores that heal slowly. Although people with diabetes cannot always avoid PVD, doctors say they have a better chance of avoiding it if they take good care of their feet, do not smoke, and keep both their blood pressure and diabetes under good control. [NIH] Peritoneal: Having to do with the peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in the abdomen). [NIH] Peritoneal Cavity: The space enclosed by the peritoneum. It is divided into two portions, the greater sac and the lesser sac or omental bursa, which lies behind the stomach. The two sacs are connected by the foramen of Winslow, or epiploic foramen. [NIH] Peritoneal Dialysis: Dialysis fluid being introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity as either a continuous or an intermittent procedure. [NIH]

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Perivascular: Situated around a vessel. [EU] Phallic: Pertaining to the phallus, or penis. [EU] Phantom: Used to absorb and/or scatter radiation equivalently to a patient, and hence to estimate radiation doses and test imaging systems without actually exposing a patient. It may be an anthropomorphic or a physical test object. [NIH] Pharmacologic: Pertaining to pharmacology or to the properties and reactions of drugs. [EU] Pharmacotherapy: A regimen of using appetite suppressant medications to manage obesity by decreasing appetite or increasing the feeling of satiety. These medications decrease appetite by increasing serotonin or catecholamine—two brain chemicals that affect mood and appetite. [NIH] Phenyl: Ingredient used in cold and flu remedies. [NIH] Phenylalanine: An aromatic amino acid that is essential in the animal diet. It is a precursor of melanin, dopamine, noradrenalin, and thyroxine. [NIH] Phenytoin: An anticonvulsant that is used in a wide variety of seizures. It is also an antiarrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs. [NIH] Phobia: A persistent, irrational, intense fear of a specific object, activity, or situation (the phobic stimulus), fear that is recognized as being excessive or unreasonable by the individual himself. When a phobia is a significant source of distress or interferes with social functioning, it is considered a mental disorder; phobic disorder (or neurosis). In DSM III phobic disorders are subclassified as agoraphobia, social phobias, and simple phobias. Used as a word termination denoting irrational fear of or aversion to the subject indicated by the stem to which it is affixed. [EU] Phobic Disorders: Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable. [NIH] Phonation: The process of producing vocal sounds by means of vocal cords vibrating in an expiratory blast of air. [NIH] Phospholipases: A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates. EC 3.1.-. [NIH] Phospholipids: Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides; glycerophospholipids) or sphingosine (sphingolipids). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system. [NIH] Photoreceptors: Cells specialized to detect and transduce light. [NIH] Physical Examination: Systematic and thorough inspection of the patient for physical signs of disease or abnormality. [NIH] Physical Fitness: A state of well-being in which performance is optimal, often as a result of physical conditioning which may be prescribed for disease therapy. [NIH] Physical Medicine: A medical specialty concerned with the use of physical agents, mechanical apparatus, and manipulation in rehabilitating physically diseased or injured

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patients. [NIH] Physical Therapy: The restoration of function and the prevention of disability following disease or injury with the use of light, heat, cold, water, electricity, ultrasound, and exercise. [NIH]

Physiologic: Having to do with the functions of the body. When used in the phrase "physiologic age," it refers to an age assigned by general health, as opposed to calendar age. [NIH]

Physiology: The science that deals with the life processes and functions of organismus, their cells, tissues, and organs. [NIH] Pigments: Any normal or abnormal coloring matter in plants, animals, or micro-organisms. [NIH]

Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma. [NIH] Pilot study: The initial study examining a new method or treatment. [NIH] Placebo Effect: An effect usually, but not necessarily, beneficial that is attributable to an expectation that the regimen will have an effect, i.e., the effect is due to the power of suggestion. [NIH] Plana: The radiographic term applied to a vertebral body crushed to a thin plate. [NIH] Plants: Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of the kingdom Plantae. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (meristems); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absense of nervous and sensory systems; and an alteration of haploid and diploid generations. [NIH] Plasma: The clear, yellowish, fluid part of the blood that carries the blood cells. The proteins that form blood clots are in plasma. [NIH] Platelet Activation: A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug. [NIH] Platelet Aggregation: The attachment of platelets to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., thrombin, collagen) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a thrombus. [NIH] Platelet Factor 4: A high-molecular-weight proteoglycan-platelet factor complex which is released from blood platelets by thrombin. It acts as a mediator in the heparin-neutralizing capacity of the blood and plays a role in platelet aggregation. At high ionic strength (I=0.75), the complex dissociates into the active component (molecular weight 29,000) and the proteoglycan carrier (chondroitin 4-sulfate, molecular weight 350,000). The molecule exists in the form of a dimer consisting of 8 moles of platelet factor 4 and 2 moles of proteoglycan. [NIH]

Platelets: A type of blood cell that helps prevent bleeding by causing blood clots to form. Also called thrombocytes. [NIH] Platinum: Platinum. A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.09, symbol Pt. (From Dorland, 28th ed) It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as "alutiae". [NIH]

Pleural: A circumscribed area of hyaline whorled fibrous tissue which appears on the

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surface of the parietal pleura, on the fibrous part of the diaphragm or on the pleura in the interlobar fissures. [NIH] Pleural cavity: A space enclosed by the pleura (thin tissue covering the lungs and lining the interior wall of the chest cavity). It is bound by thin membranes. [NIH] Pneumonia: Inflammation of the lungs. [NIH] Pneumonitis: A disease caused by inhaling a wide variety of substances such as dusts and molds. Also called "farmer's disease". [NIH] Pneumothorax: Accumulation of air or gas in the space between the lung and chest wall, resulting in partial or complete collapse of the lung. [NIH] Poisoning: A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection or inhalation of, or exposure to a deleterious agent. [NIH] Poliomyelitis: An acute viral disease, occurring sporadically and in epidemics, and characterized clinically by fever, sore throat, headache, and vomiting, often with stiffness of the neck and back. In the minor illness these may be the only symptoms. The major illness, which may or may not be preceded by the minor illness, is characterized by involvement of the central nervous system, stiff neck, pleocytosis in the spinal fluid, and perhaps paralysis. There may be subsequent atrophy of groups of muscles, ending in contraction and permanent deformity. The major illness is called acute anterior p., infantile paralysis and Heine-Medin disease. The disease is now largely controlled by vaccines. [EU] Polyarthritis: An inflammation of several joints together. [EU] Polycystic: An inherited disorder characterized by many grape-like clusters of fluid-filled cysts that make both kidneys larger over time. These cysts take over and destroy working kidney tissue. PKD may cause chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease. [NIH] Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Clinical symptom complex characterized by oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, anovulation, and regularly associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. [NIH] Polypeptide: A peptide which on hydrolysis yields more than two amino acids; called tripeptides, tetrapeptides, etc. according to the number of amino acids contained. [EU] Polyradiculoneuropathy: Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory polyradiculopathy (Guillain-Barre syndrome) and polyradiculoneuropathy, chronic inflammatory demyelinating. Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots. [NIH] Polyradiculopathy: Disease or injury involving multiple spinal nerve roots. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots. [NIH] Pons: The part of the central nervous system lying between the medulla oblongata and the mesencephalon, ventral to the cerebellum, and consisting of a pars dorsalis and a pars ventralis. [NIH] Popliteal: Compression of the nerve at the neck of the fibula. [NIH] Popliteal Artery: The continuation of the femoral artery coursing through the popliteal fossa; it divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries. [NIH] Post partum: After childbirth, or after delivery. [EU] Posterior: Situated in back of, or in the back part of, or affecting the back or dorsal surface of the body. In lower animals, it refers to the caudal end of the body. [EU] Postherpetic Neuralgia: Variety of neuralgia associated with migraine in which pain is felt in or behind the eye. [NIH]

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Postmenopausal: Refers to the time after menopause. Menopause is the time in a woman's life when menstrual periods stop permanently; also called "change of life." [NIH] Postoperative: After surgery. [NIH] Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: Emesis and queasiness occurring after anesthesia. [NIH]

Postsynaptic: Nerve potential generated by an inhibitory hyperpolarizing stimulation. [NIH] Post-synaptic:

Nerve potential generated by an inhibitory hyperpolarizing stimulation.

[NIH]

Potassium: An element that is in the alkali group of metals. It has an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte and it plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the water-electrolyte balance. [NIH] Potassium Citrate: A powder that dissolves in water, which is administered orally, and is used as a diuretic, expectorant, systemic alkalizer, and electrolyte replenisher. [NIH] Potentiates: A degree of synergism which causes the exposure of the organism to a harmful substance to worsen a disease already contracted. [NIH] Potentiating: A degree of synergism which causes the exposure of the organism to a harmful substance to worsen a disease already contracted. [NIH] Potentiation: An overall effect of two drugs taken together which is greater than the sum of the effects of each drug taken alone. [NIH] Practicability: A non-standard characteristic of an analytical procedure. It is dependent on the scope of the method and is determined by requirements such as sample throughout and costs. [NIH] Practice Guidelines: Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for the health care practitioner to assist him in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery. [NIH] Precursor: Something that precedes. In biological processes, a substance from which another, usually more active or mature substance is formed. In clinical medicine, a sign or symptom that heralds another. [EU] Pregnancy Outcome: Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including live birth, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, induced abortion. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various reproduction techniques, such as embryo transfer or fertilization in vitro. [NIH] Premenstrual: Occurring before menstruation. [EU] Premenstrual Syndrome: A syndrome occurring most often during the last week of the menstrual cycle and ending soon after the onset of menses. Some of the symptoms are emotional instability, insomnia, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, and painful breasts. [NIH] Prenatal: Existing or occurring before birth, with reference to the fetus. [EU] Preoperative: Preceding an operation. [EU] Presynaptic: Situated proximal to a synapse, or occurring before the synapse is crossed. [EU] Presynaptic Terminals: The distal terminations of axons which are specialized for the release of neurotransmitters. Also included are varicosities along the course of axons which

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have similar specializations and also release transmitters. Presynaptic terminals in both the central and peripheral nervous systems are included. [NIH] Prevalence: The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from incidence, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time. [NIH] Primary endpoint: The main result that is measured at the end of a study to see if a given treatment worked (e.g., the number of deaths or the difference in survival between the treatment group and the control group). What the primary endpoint will be is decided before the study begins. [NIH] Progression: Increase in the size of a tumor or spread of cancer in the body. [NIH] Progressive: Advancing; going forward; going from bad to worse; increasing in scope or severity. [EU] Projection: A defense mechanism, operating unconsciously, whereby that which is emotionally unacceptable in the self is rejected and attributed (projected) to others. [NIH] Prolapse: The protrusion of an organ or part of an organ into a natural or artificial orifice. [NIH]

Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from glutamic acid. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. [NIH] Prone: Having the front portion of the body downwards. [NIH] Pro-Opiomelanocortin: A precursor protein, MW 30,000, synthesized mainly in the anterior pituitary gland but also found in the hypothalamus, brain, and several peripheral tissues. It incorporates the amino acid sequences of ACTH and beta-lipotropin. These two hormones, in turn, contain the biologically active peptides MSH, corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide, alpha-lipotropin, endorphins, and methionine enkephalin. [NIH] Prophylaxis: An attempt to prevent disease. [NIH] Proportional: Being in proportion : corresponding in size, degree, or intensity, having the same or a constant ratio; of, relating to, or used in determining proportions. [EU] Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol is used in the treatment or prevention of many disorders including acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, hypertension, hypertensive emergencies, hyperthyroidism, migraine, pheochromocytoma, menopause, and anxiety. [NIH] Prospective study: An epidemiologic study in which a group of individuals (a cohort), all free of a particular disease and varying in their exposure to a possible risk factor, is followed over a specific amount of time to determine the incidence rates of the disease in the exposed and unexposed groups. [NIH] Prostaglandin: Any of a group of components derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway that are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiologic processes. The abbreviation for prostaglandin is PG; specific compounds are designated by adding one of the letters A through I to indicate the type of substituents found on the hydrocarbon skeleton and a subscript (1, 2 or 3) to indicate the number of double bonds in the hydrocarbon skeleton e.g., PGE2. The predominant naturally occurring prostaglandins all have two double bonds and are synthesized from arachidonic acid (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid) by the pathway shown in the illustration. The 1 series and 3 series are produced by the same pathway with fatty acids having one fewer double bond (8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid or one more double bond (5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid) than arachidonic acid. The subscript a or ß indicates the configuration at C-9 (a denotes a substituent below the plane of the ring, ß, above the plane).

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The naturally occurring PGF's have the a configuration, e.g., PGF2a. All of the prostaglandins act by binding to specific cell-surface receptors causing an increase in the level of the intracellular second messenger cyclic AMP (and in some cases cyclic GMP also). The effect produced by the cyclic AMP increase depends on the specific cell type. In some cases there is also a positive feedback effect. Increased cyclic AMP increases prostaglandin synthesis leading to further increases in cyclic AMP. [EU] Prostaglandins A: (13E,15S)-15-Hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-10,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGA(1)); (5Z,13E,15S)-15-hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,10,13-trien-1-oic acid (PGA(2)); (5Z,13E,15S,17Z)-15hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,10,13,17-tetraen-1-oic acid (PGA(3)). A group of naturally occurring secondary prostaglandins derived from PGE. PGA(1) and PGA(2) as well as their 19hydroxy derivatives are found in many organs and tissues. [NIH] Prostate: A gland in males that surrounds the neck of the bladder and the urethra. It secretes a substance that liquifies coagulated semen. It is situated in the pelvic cavity behind the lower part of the pubic symphysis, above the deep layer of the triangular ligament, and rests upon the rectum. [NIH] Prostate gland: A gland in the male reproductive system just below the bladder. It surrounds part of the urethra, the canal that empties the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of semen. [NIH] Prostatitis: Inflammation of the prostate. [EU] Protease: Proteinase (= any enzyme that catalyses the splitting of interior peptide bonds in a protein). [EU] Protein C: A vitamin-K dependent zymogen present in the blood, which, upon activation by thrombin and thrombomodulin exerts anticoagulant properties by inactivating factors Va and VIIIa at the rate-limiting steps of thrombin formation. [NIH] Protein S: The vitamin K-dependent cofactor of activated protein C. Together with protein C, it inhibits the action of factors VIIIa and Va. A deficiency in protein S can lead to recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis. [NIH] Proteins: Polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The specific sequence of amino acids determines the shape and function of the protein. [NIH] Proteolytic: 1. pertaining to, characterized by, or promoting proteolysis. 2. an enzyme that promotes proteolysis (= the splitting of proteins by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds with formation of smaller polypeptides). [EU] Protocol: The detailed plan for a clinical trial that states the trial's rationale, purpose, drug or vaccine dosages, length of study, routes of administration, who may participate, and other aspects of trial design. [NIH] Proximal: Nearest; closer to any point of reference; opposed to distal. [EU] Pruritus: An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief. [NIH] Pruritus Vulvae: Intense itching of the external female genitals. [NIH] Pseudobulbar Palsy: Disease of the peripheral nervous system occurring usually after many years of increased lead absorption. [NIH] Pseudotumor Cerebri: A condition marked by raised intracranial pressure and characterized clinically by headaches; nausea; papilledema, peripheral constriction of the visual fields, transient visual obscurations, and pulsatile tinnitus. Obesity is frequently associated with this condition, which primarily affects women between 20 and 44 years of age. Chronic papilledema may lead to optic nerve injury (optic nerve diseases) and visual loss (blindness). [NIH]

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Psoas Abscess: Abscess of the psoas muscle resulting usually from disease of the lumbar vertebrae, with the pus descending into the muscle sheath. The infection is most commonly tuberculous or staphylococcal. [NIH] Psychiatric: Pertaining to or within the purview of psychiatry. [EU] Psychiatry: The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders. [NIH] Psychic: Pertaining to the psyche or to the mind; mental. [EU] Psychoactive: Those drugs which alter sensation, mood, consciousness or other psychological or behavioral functions. [NIH] Psychogenic: Produced or caused by psychic or mental factors rather than organic factors. [EU]

Psychology: The science dealing with the study of mental processes and behavior in man and animals. [NIH] Psychomotor: Pertaining to motor effects of cerebral or psychic activity. [EU] Psychopharmacology: The study of the effects of drugs on mental and behavioral activity. [NIH]

Psychosis: A mental disorder characterized by gross impairment in reality testing as evidenced by delusions, hallucinations, markedly incoherent speech, or disorganized and agitated behaviour without apparent awareness on the part of the patient of the incomprehensibility of his behaviour; the term is also used in a more general sense to refer to mental disorders in which mental functioning is sufficiently impaired as to interfere grossly with the patient's capacity to meet the ordinary demands of life. Historically, the term has been applied to many conditions, e.g. manic-depressive psychosis, that were first described in psychotic patients, although many patients with the disorder are not judged psychotic. [EU] Psychosomatic: Pertaining to the mind-body relationship; having bodily symptoms of psychic, emotional, or mental origin; called also psychophysiologic. [EU] Psychosomatic Medicine: A system of medicine which aims at discovering the exact nature of the relationship between the emotions and bodily function, affirming the principle that the mind and body are one. [NIH] Psychotherapy: A generic term for the treatment of mental illness or emotional disturbances primarily by verbal or nonverbal communication. [NIH] Public Health: Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of disease and disability, and the promotion of physical and mental health of the population on the international, national, state, or municipal level. [NIH] Public Policy: A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and determine present and future decisions. [NIH] Publishing: "The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing. [NIH]

Puerperium: Period from delivery of the placenta until return of the reproductive organs to their normal nonpregnant morphologic state. In humans, the puerperium generally lasts for six to eight weeks. [NIH] Pulmonary: Relating to the lungs. [NIH] Pulmonary Artery: The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right

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ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs. [NIH] Pulmonary Ventilation: The total volume of gas per minute inspired or expired measured in liters per minute. [NIH] Pulse: The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an artery produced by waves of pressure caused by the ejection of blood from the left ventricle of the heart as it contracts. [NIH]

Purulent: Consisting of or containing pus; associated with the formation of or caused by pus. [EU] Qi Gong: A method in which a patient directs their own energy under the supervision of a therapist. [NIH] Quality of Life: A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment. [NIH] Radial Artery: The direct continuation of the brachial trunk, originating at the bifurcation of the brachial artery opposite the neck of the radius. Its branches may be divided into three groups corresponding to the three regions in which the vessel is situated, the forearm, wrist, and hand. [NIH] Radiation therapy: The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy), or it may come from radioactive material placed in the body in the area near cancer cells (internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, or brachytherapy). Systemic radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that circulates throughout the body. Also called radiotherapy. [NIH] Radiculopathy: Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see spinal nerve roots) which may result from compression related to intervertebral disk displacement; spinal cord injuries; spinal diseases; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root. [NIH]

Radioactive: Giving off radiation. [NIH] Radioimmunotherapy: Radiotherapy where cytotoxic radionuclides are linked to antibodies in order to deliver toxins directly to tumor targets. Therapy with targeted radiation rather than antibody-targeted toxins (immunotoxins) has the advantage that adjacent tumor cells, which lack the appropriate antigenic determinants, can be destroyed by radiation cross-fire. Radioimmunotherapy is sometimes called targeted radiotherapy, but this latter term can also refer to radionuclides linked to non-immune molecules (radiotherapy). [NIH] Radiolabeled: Any compound that has been joined with a radioactive substance. [NIH] Radiopharmaceutical: Any medicinal product which, when ready for use, contains one or more radionuclides (radioactive isotopes) included for a medicinal purpose. [NIH] Radiotherapy: The use of ionizing radiation to treat malignant neoplasms and other benign conditions. The most common forms of ionizing radiation used as therapy are x-rays, gamma rays, and electrons. A special form of radiotherapy, targeted radiotherapy, links a cytotoxic radionuclide to a molecule that targets the tumor. When this molecule is an antibody or other immunologic molecule, the technique is called radioimmunotherapy. [NIH] Radius: The lateral bone of the forearm. [NIH] Rage: Fury; violent, intense anger. [NIH] Random Allocation: A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research

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endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects. [NIH] Randomization: Also called random allocation. Is allocation of individuals to groups, e.g., for experimental and control regimens, by chance. Within the limits of chance variation, random allocation should make the control and experimental groups similar at the start of an investigation and ensure that personal judgment and prejudices of the investigator do not influence allocation. [NIH] Randomized: Describes an experiment or clinical trial in which animal or human subjects are assigned by chance to separate groups that compare different treatments. [NIH] Randomized clinical trial: A study in which the participants are assigned by chance to separate groups that compare different treatments; neither the researchers nor the participants can choose which group. Using chance to assign people to groups means that the groups will be similar and that the treatments they receive can be compared objectively. At the time of the trial, it is not known which treatment is best. It is the patient's choice to be in a randomized trial. [NIH] Randomized Controlled Trials: Clinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table. Treatment allocations using coin flips, odd-even numbers, patient social security numbers, days of the week, medical record numbers, or other such pseudo- or quasi-random processes, are not truly randomized and trials employing any of these techniques for patient assignment are designated simply controlled clinical trials. [NIH] Raphe Nuclei: Collections of small neurons centrally scattered among many fibers from the level of the trochlear nucleus in the midbrain to the hypoglossal area in the medulla oblongata. [NIH] Reality Testing: The individual's objective evaluation of the external world and the ability to differentiate adequately between it and the internal world; considered to be a primary ego function. [NIH] Receptor: A molecule inside or on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific physiologic effect in the cell. [NIH] Receptors, Serotonin: Cell-surface proteins that bind serotonin and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. Several types of serotonin receptors have been recognized which differ in their pharmacology, molecular biology, and mode of action. [NIH] Recidivist: One who tends to relapse. [EU] Rectum: The last 8 to 10 inches of the large intestine. [NIH] Recurrence: The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission. [NIH] Red Nucleus: A pinkish-yellow portion of the midbrain situated in the rostral mesencephalic tegmentum. It receives a large projection from the contralateral half of the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle and a projection from the ipsilateral motor cortex. [NIH] Refer: To send or direct for treatment, aid, information, de decision. [NIH] Reflex: An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord. [NIH] Refraction: A test to determine the best eyeglasses or contact lenses to correct a refractive error (myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism). [NIH]

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Refractory: Not readily yielding to treatment. [EU] Regeneration: The natural renewal of a structure, as of a lost tissue or part. [EU] Regimen: A treatment plan that specifies the dosage, the schedule, and the duration of treatment. [NIH] Regression Analysis: Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see linear models) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and least-squares analysis is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see logistic models) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and likelihood functions are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable. [NIH]

Relapse: The return of signs and symptoms of cancer after a period of improvement. [NIH] Relaxation Techniques: The use of muscular relaxation techniques in treatment. [NIH] Reliability: Used technically, in a statistical sense, of consistency of a test with itself, i. e. the extent to which we can assume that it will yield the same result if repeated a second time. [NIH]

Remission: A decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer. In partial remission, some, but not all, signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared. In complete remission, all signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared, although there still may be cancer in the body. [NIH] Renin: An enzyme which is secreted by the kidney and is formed from prorenin in plasma and kidney. The enzyme cleaves the Leu-Leu bond in angiotensinogen to generate angiotensin I. EC 3.4.23.15. (Formerly EC 3.4.99.19). [NIH] Reproduction Techniques: Methods pertaining to the generation of new individuals. [NIH] Research Design: A plan for collecting and utilizing data so that desired information can be obtained with sufficient precision or so that an hypothesis can be tested properly. [NIH] Research Support: Financial support of research activities. [NIH] Resorption: The loss of substance through physiologic or pathologic means, such as loss of dentin and cementum of a tooth, or of the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla. [EU] Respiration: The act of breathing with the lungs, consisting of inspiration, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of expiration, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more carbon dioxide than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= oxygen consumption) or cell respiration (= cell respiration). [NIH] Respiratory Burst: A large increase in oxygen uptake by neutrophils and most types of tissue macrophages through activation of an NADPH-cytochrome b-dependent oxidase that reduces oxygen to a superoxide. Individuals with an inherited defect in which the oxidase that reduces oxygen to superoxide is decreased or absent (granulomatous disease, chronic) often die as a result of recurrent bacterial infections. [NIH] Respiratory System: The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about. [NIH] Response rate: treatment. [NIH]

The percentage of patients whose cancer shrinks or disappears after

Restoration: Broad term applied to any inlay, crown, bridge or complete denture which restores or replaces loss of teeth or oral tissues. [NIH]

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Resuscitation: The restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead; it includes such measures as artificial respiration and cardiac massage. [EU] Reticular: Coarse-fibered, netlike dermis layer. [NIH] Retina: The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the optic nerve and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the choroid and the inner surface with the vitreous body. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent. [NIH] Retinal: 1. pertaining to the retina. 2. the aldehyde of retinol, derived by the oxidative enzymatic splitting of absorbed dietary carotene, and having vitamin A activity. In the retina, retinal combines with opsins to form visual pigments. One isomer, 11-cis retinal combines with opsin in the rods (scotopsin) to form rhodopsin, or visual purple. Another, all-trans retinal (trans-r.); visual yellow; xanthopsin) results from the bleaching of rhodopsin by light, in which the 11-cis form is converted to the all-trans form. Retinal also combines with opsins in the cones (photopsins) to form the three pigments responsible for colour vision. Called also retinal, and retinene1. [EU] Retinal Vein: Central retinal vein and its tributaries. It runs a short course within the optic nerve and then leaves and empties into the superior ophthalmic vein or cavernous sinus. [NIH]

Retinitis: Inflammation of the retina. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (chorioretinitis) and of the optic nerve (neuroretinitis). The disease may be confined to one eye, but since it is generally dependent on a constitutional factor, it is almost always bilateral. It may be acute in course, but as a rule it lasts many weeks or even several months. [NIH] Retinol: Vitamin A. It is essential for proper vision and healthy skin and mucous membranes. Retinol is being studied for cancer prevention; it belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids. [NIH] Retinopathy: 1. retinitis (= inflammation of the retina). 2. retinosis (= degenerative, noninflammatory condition of the retina). [EU] Retinosis: Non-inflammatory degeneration of the retina. [NIH] Retroperitoneal: Having to do with the area outside or behind the peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in the abdomen). [NIH] Retrospective: Looking back at events that have already taken place. [NIH] Retrospective study: A study that looks backward in time, usually using medical records and interviews with patients who already have or had a disease. [NIH] Rheology: The study of the deformation and flow of matter, usually liquids or fluids, and of the plastic flow of solids. The concept covers consistency, dilatancy, liquefaction, resistance to flow, shearing, thixotrophy, and viscosity. [NIH] Rheumatic Diseases: Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement. [NIH] Rheumatism: A group of disorders marked by inflammation or pain in the connective tissue structures of the body. These structures include bone, cartilage, and fat. [NIH] Rheumatoid: Resembling rheumatism. [EU] Rheumatoid arthritis: A form of arthritis, the cause of which is unknown, although infection, hypersensitivity, hormone imbalance and psychologic stress have been suggested as possible causes. [NIH] Rhinitis: Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose. [NIH]

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Rhodopsin: A photoreceptor protein found in retinal rods. It is a complex formed by the binding of retinal, the oxidized form of retinol, to the protein opsin and undergoes a series of complex reactions in response to visible light resulting in the transmission of nerve impulses to the brain. [NIH] Rigidity: Stiffness or inflexibility, chiefly that which is abnormal or morbid; rigor. [EU] Risk factor: A habit, trait, condition, or genetic alteration that increases a person's chance of developing a disease. [NIH] Rod: A reception for vision, located in the retina. [NIH] Rotator: A muscle by which a part can be turned circularly. [NIH] Rotator Cuff: The musculotendinous sheath formed by the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor muscles. These help stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa and allow for rotation of the shoulder joint about its longitudinal axis. [NIH] Sagittal: The line of direction passing through the body from back to front, or any vertical plane parallel to the medial plane of the body and inclusive of that plane; often restricted to the medial plane, the plane of the sagittal suture. [NIH] Saliva: The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the salivary glands and mucous glands of the mouth. It contains mucins, water, organic salts, and ptylin. [NIH] Salivary: The duct that convey saliva to the mouth. [NIH] Salivary glands: Glands in the mouth that produce saliva. [NIH] Sanitation: The development and establishment of environmental conditions favorable to the health of the public. [NIH] Sarcoma: A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant. [NIH] Satellite: Applied to a vein which closely accompanies an artery for some distance; in cytogenetics, a chromosomal agent separated by a secondary constriction from the main body of the chromosome. [NIH] Scatter: The extent to which relative success and failure are divergently manifested in qualitatively different tests. [NIH] Schizoid: Having qualities resembling those found in greater degree in schizophrenics; a person of schizoid personality. [NIH] Schizophrenia: A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, hallucinations, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. [NIH] Schizotypal Personality Disorder: A personality disorder in which there are oddities of thought (magical thinking, paranoid ideation, suspiciousness), perception (illusions, depersonalization), speech (digressive, vague, overelaborate), and behavior (inappropriate affect in social interactions, frequently social isolation) that are not severe enough to characterize schizophrenia. [NIH] Sciatic Nerve: A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. It has two major branches, the tibial nerve and the peroneal nerve. [NIH] Sciatica: A condition characterized by pain radiating from the back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg. Sciatica may be a manifestation of sciatic neuropathy; radiculopathy (involving the L4, L5, S1 or S2 spinal nerve roots; often associated with intervertebral disk displacement); or lesions of the cauda equina. [NIH]

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Sclerosis: A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve. [NIH] Screening: Checking for disease when there are no symptoms. [NIH] Sebaceous: Gland that secretes sebum. [NIH] Sebaceous gland: Gland that secretes sebum. [NIH] Second Messenger Systems: Systems in which an intracellular signal is generated in response to an intercellular primary messenger such as a hormone or neurotransmitter. They are intermediate signals in cellular processes such as metabolism, secretion, contraction, phototransduction, and cell growth. Examples of second messenger systems are the adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP system, the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate system, and the cyclic GMP system. [NIH] Secretion: 1. the process of elaborating a specific product as a result of the activity of a gland; this activity may range from separating a specific substance of the blood to the elaboration of a new chemical substance. 2. any substance produced by secretion. [EU] Sedative: 1. allaying activity and excitement. 2. an agent that allays excitement. [EU] Segmental: Describing or pertaining to a structure which is repeated in similar form in successive segments of an organism, or which is undergoing segmentation. [NIH] Segmentation: The process by which muscles in the intestines move food and wastes through the body. [NIH] Seizures: Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as epilepsy or "seizure disorder." [NIH] Selective estrogen receptor modulator: SERM. A drug that acts like estrogen on some tissues, but blocks the effect of estrogen on other tissues. Tamoxifen and raloxifene are SERMs. [NIH] Self Care: Performance of activities or tasks traditionally performed by professional health care providers. The concept includes care of oneself or one's family and friends. [NIH] Semen: The thick, yellowish-white, viscid fluid secretion of male reproductive organs discharged upon ejaculation. In addition to reproductive organ secretions, it contains spermatozoa and their nutrient plasma. [NIH] Semisynthetic: Produced by chemical manipulation of naturally occurring substances. [EU] Senescence: The bodily and mental state associated with advancing age. [NIH] Senile: Relating or belonging to old age; characteristic of old age; resulting from infirmity of old age. [NIH] Sensibility: The ability to receive, feel and appreciate sensations and impressions; the quality of being sensitive; the extend to which a method gives results that are free from false negatives. [NIH] Sensor: A device designed to respond to physical stimuli such as temperature, light, magnetism or movement and transmit resulting impulses for interpretation, recording, movement, or operating control. [NIH] Sensory Thresholds: The minimum amount of stimulus energy necessary to elicit a sensory response. [NIH] Sepsis: The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream. [NIH] Septal: An abscess occurring at the root of the tooth on the proximal surface. [NIH]

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Septal Nuclei: Neural nuclei situated in the septal region. They have afferent and cholinergic efferent connections with a variety of forebrain and brainstem areas including the hippocampus, the lateral hypothalamus, the tegmentum, and the amygdala. Included are the dorsal, lateral, medial, and triangular septal nuclei, septofimbrial nucleus, nucleus of diagonal band, nucleus of anterior commissure, and the nucleus of stria terminalis. [NIH] Sequela: Any lesion or affection following or caused by an attack of disease. [EU] Serologic: Analysis of a person's serum, especially specific immune or lytic serums. [NIH] Serology: The study of serum, especially of antigen-antibody reactions in vitro. [NIH] Serotonin: A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (receptors, serotonin) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator. [NIH] Serous: Having to do with serum, the clear liquid part of blood. [NIH] Serum: The clear liquid part of the blood that remains after blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed. [NIH] Shock: The general bodily disturbance following a severe injury; an emotional or moral upset occasioned by some disturbing or unexpected experience; disruption of the circulation, which can upset all body functions: sometimes referred to as circulatory shock. [NIH]

Shoulder Pain: Unilateral or bilateral pain of the shoulder. It is often caused by physical activities such as work or sports participation, but may also be pathologic in origin. [NIH] Sicca: Failure of lacrimal secretion, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, failure of secretion of the salivary glands and mucous glands of the upper respiratory tract and polyarthritis. [NIH] Side effect: A consequence other than the one(s) for which an agent or measure is used, as the adverse effects produced by a drug, especially on a tissue or organ system other than the one sought to be benefited by its administration. [EU] Signal Transduction: The intercellular or intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GABA-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptormediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. [NIH] Signs and Symptoms: Clinical manifestations that can be either objective when observed by a physician, or subjective when perceived by the patient. [NIH] Sinusitis: An inflammatory process of the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses that occurs in three stages: acute, subacute, and chronic. Sinusitis results from any condition causing ostial obstruction or from pathophysiologic changes in the mucociliary transport mechanism. [NIH]

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Skeletal: Having to do with the skeleton (boney part of the body). [NIH] Skeleton: The framework that supports the soft tissues of vertebrate animals and protects many of their internal organs. The skeletons of vertebrates are made of bone and/or cartilage. [NIH] Skull: The skeleton of the head including the bones of the face and the bones enclosing the brain. [NIH] Small intestine: The part of the digestive tract that is located between the stomach and the large intestine. [NIH] Smoking Cessation: Discontinuation of the habit of smoking, the inhaling and exhaling of tobacco smoke. [NIH] Smooth muscle: Muscle that performs automatic tasks, such as constricting blood vessels. [NIH]

Social Environment: The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community. [NIH] Social Security: Government sponsored social insurance programs. [NIH] Sodium: An element that is a member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23. With a valence of 1, it has a strong affinity for oxygen and other nonmetallic elements. Sodium provides the chief cation of the extracellular body fluids. Its salts are the most widely used in medicine. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Physiologically the sodium ion plays a major role in blood pressure regulation, maintenance of fluid volume, and electrolyte balance. [NIH] Soft tissue: Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body. [NIH] Soft Tissue Injuries: Injuries of tissue other than bone. The concept is usually general and does not customarily refer to internal organs or viscera. It is meaningful with reference to regions or organs where soft tissue (muscle, fat, skin) should be differentiated from bones or bone tissue, as "soft tissue injuries of the hand". [NIH] Solitary Nucleus: Gray matter located in the dorsomedial part of the medulla oblongata associated with the solitary tract. The solitary nucleus receives inputs from most organ systems including the terminations of the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves. It is a major coordinator of autonomic nervous system regulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, gustatory, gastrointestinal, and chemoreceptive aspects of homeostasis. The solitary nucleus is also notable for the large number of neurotransmitters which are found therein. [NIH] Somatostatin: A polypeptide hormone produced in the hypothalamus, and other tissues and organs. It inhibits the release of human growth hormone, and also modulates important physiological functions of the kidney, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin receptors are widely expressed throughout the body. Somatostatin also acts as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems. [NIH] Somnambulism: A parasomnia characterized by a partial arousal that occurs during stage IV of non-REM sleep. Affected individuals exhibit semipurposeful behaviors such as ambulation and are difficult to fully awaken. Children are primarily affected, with a peak age range of 4-6 years. [NIH] Sound wave: An alteration of properties of an elastic medium, such as pressure, particle displacement, or density, that propagates through the medium, or a superposition of such alterations. [NIH] Spasm: An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve skeletal muscle or smooth muscle. [NIH]

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Spasmodic: Of the nature of a spasm. [EU] Spastic: 1. of the nature of or characterized by spasms. 2. hypertonic, so that the muscles are stiff and the movements awkward. 3. a person exhibiting spasticity, such as occurs in spastic paralysis or in cerebral palsy. [EU] Spasticity: A state of hypertonicity, or increase over the normal tone of a muscle, with heightened deep tendon reflexes. [EU] Spatial disorientation: Loss of orientation in space where person does not know which way is up. [NIH] Specialist: In medicine, one who concentrates on 1 special branch of medical science. [NIH] Species: A taxonomic category subordinate to a genus (or subgenus) and superior to a subspecies or variety, composed of individuals possessing common characters distinguishing them from other categories of individuals of the same taxonomic level. In taxonomic nomenclature, species are designated by the genus name followed by a Latin or Latinized adjective or noun. [EU] Spectrum: A charted band of wavelengths of electromagnetic vibrations obtained by refraction and diffraction. By extension, a measurable range of activity, such as the range of bacteria affected by an antibiotic (antibacterial s.) or the complete range of manifestations of a disease. [EU] Sperm: The fecundating fluid of the male. [NIH] Sperm Count: A count of sperm in the ejaculum, expressed as number per milliliter. [NIH] Sphincter: A ringlike band of muscle fibres that constricts a passage or closes a natural orifice; called also musculus sphincter. [EU] Spinal cord: The main trunk or bundle of nerves running down the spine through holes in the spinal bone (the vertebrae) from the brain to the level of the lower back. [NIH] Spinal Cord Diseases: Pathologic conditions which feature spinal cord damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord. [NIH] Spinal Cord Injuries: Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., wounds, gunshot; whiplash injuries; etc.). [NIH] Spinal Nerve Roots: The paired bundles of nerve fibers entering and leaving the spinal cord at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and autonomic preganglionic neurons. There are, however, some exceptions to this afferent/efferent rule. [NIH] Spinal Nerves: The 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment. The spinal nerve plexuses and the spinal roots are also included. [NIH] Spinal Stenosis: Narrowing of the spinal canal. [NIH] Spinous: Like a spine or thorn in shape; having spines. [NIH] Spleen: An organ that is part of the lymphatic system. The spleen produces lymphocytes, filters the blood, stores blood cells, and destroys old blood cells. It is located on the left side of the abdomen near the stomach. [NIH] Splint: A rigid appliance used for the immobilization of a part or for the correction of deformity. [NIH]

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Spontaneous Abortion: The non-induced birth of an embryo or of fetus prior to the stage of viability at about 20 weeks of gestation. [NIH] Sprains and Strains: A collective term for muscle and ligament injuries without dislocation or fracture. A sprain is a joint injury in which some of the fibers of a supporting ligament are ruptured but the continuity of the ligament remains intact. A strain is an overstretching or overexertion of some part of the musculature. [NIH] Standardize: To compare with or conform to a standard; to establish standards. [EU] Statistically significant: Describes a mathematical measure of difference between groups. The difference is said to be statistically significant if it is greater than what might be expected to happen by chance alone. [NIH] Status Epilepticus: Repeated and prolonged epileptic seizures without recovery of consciousness between attacks. [NIH] Stem cell transplantation: A method of replacing immature blood-forming cells that were destroyed by cancer treatment. The stem cells are given to the person after treatment to help the bone marrow recover and continue producing healthy blood cells. [NIH] Stem Cells: Relatively undifferentiated cells of the same lineage (family type) that retain the ability to divide and cycle throughout postnatal life to provide cells that can become specialized and take the place of those that die or are lost. [NIH] Sterility: 1. the inability to produce offspring, i.e., the inability to conceive (female s.) or to induce conception (male s.). 2. the state of being aseptic, or free from microorganisms. [EU] Sterilization: The destroying of all forms of life, especially microorganisms, by heat, chemical, or other means. [NIH] Steroid: A group name for lipids that contain a hydrogenated cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring system. Some of the substances included in this group are progesterone, adrenocortical hormones, the gonadal hormones, cardiac aglycones, bile acids, sterols (such as cholesterol), toad poisons, saponins, and some of the carcinogenic hydrocarbons. [EU] Stillbirth: The birth of a dead fetus or baby. [NIH] Stimulant: 1. producing stimulation; especially producing stimulation by causing tension on muscle fibre through the nervous tissue. 2. an agent or remedy that produces stimulation. [EU]

Stimulus: That which can elicit or evoke action (response) in a muscle, nerve, gland or other excitable issue, or cause an augmenting action upon any function or metabolic process. [NIH]

Stomach: An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the esophagus and the beginning of the duodenum. [NIH] Stool: The waste matter discharged in a bowel movement; feces. [NIH] Stress: Forcibly exerted influence; pressure. Any condition or situation that causes strain or tension. Stress may be either physical or psychologic, or both. [NIH] Stridor: The loud, harsh, vibrating sound produced by partial obstruction of the larynx or trachea. [NIH] Stroke: Sudden loss of function of part of the brain because of loss of blood flow. Stroke may be caused by a clot (thrombosis) or rupture (hemorrhage) of a blood vessel to the brain. [NIH]

Stromal: Large, veil-like cell in the bone marrow. [NIH] Subacute: Somewhat acute; between acute and chronic. [EU]

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Subarachnoid: Situated or occurring between the arachnoid and the pia mater. [EU] Subclinical: Without clinical manifestations; said of the early stage(s) of an infection or other disease or abnormality before symptoms and signs become apparent or detectable by clinical examination or laboratory tests, or of a very mild form of an infection or other disease or abnormality. [EU] Subcutaneous: Beneath the skin. [NIH] Subiculum: A region of the hippocampus that projects to other areas of the brain. [NIH] Subspecies: A category intermediate in rank between species and variety, based on a smaller number of correlated characters than are used to differentiate species and generally conditioned by geographical and/or ecological occurrence. [NIH] Substance P: An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of pain, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses. [NIH]

Substrate: A substance upon which an enzyme acts. [EU] Suction: The removal of secretions, gas or fluid from hollow or tubular organs or cavities by means of a tube and a device that acts on negative pressure. [NIH] Sudden death: Cardiac arrest caused by an irregular heartbeat. The term "death" is somewhat misleading, because some patients survive. [NIH] Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of migraines. [NIH] Superoxide: Derivative of molecular oxygen that can damage cells. [NIH] Supplementation: Adding nutrients to the diet. [NIH] Support group: A group of people with similar disease who meet to discuss how better to cope with their cancer and treatment. [NIH] Supportive care: Treatment given to prevent, control, or relieve complications and side effects and to improve the comfort and quality of life of people who have cancer. [NIH] Suppression: A conscious exclusion of disapproved desire contrary with repression, in which the process of exclusion is not conscious. [NIH] Suppurative: Consisting of, containing, associated with, or identified by the formation of pus. [NIH] Supraorbital: The branch of the frontal nerve that passes through the supraorbital notch or foramen and is sensory for the upper eyelid, the conjunctiva, the eyebrow, the forehead, and the scalp up to the occipital bone. [NIH] Sympathetic Nervous System: The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system. [NIH] Sympathomimetic: 1. mimicking the effects of impulses conveyed by adrenergic postganglionic fibres of the sympathetic nervous system. 2. an agent that produces effects similar to those of impulses conveyed by adrenergic postganglionic fibres of the sympathetic nervous system. Called also adrenergic. [EU] Symphysis: A secondary cartilaginous joint. [NIH]

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Symptomatic: Having to do with symptoms, which are signs of a condition or disease. [NIH] Symptomatic treatment: Therapy that eases symptoms without addressing the cause of disease. [NIH] Symptomatology: 1. that branch of medicine with treats of symptoms; the systematic discussion of symptoms. 2. the combined symptoms of a disease. [EU] Synapses: Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate through direct electrical connections which are sometimes called electrical synapses; these are not included here but rather in gap junctions. [NIH] Synaptic: Pertaining to or affecting a synapse (= site of functional apposition between neurons, at which an impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another by electrical or chemical means); pertaining to synapsis (= pairing off in point-for-point association of homologous chromosomes from the male and female pronuclei during the early prophase of meiosis). [EU] Synaptic Transmission: The communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a neurotransmitter that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors. These activated receptors modulate ion channels and/or secondmessenger systems to influence the postsynaptic cell. Electrical transmission is less common in the nervous system, and, as in other tissues, is mediated by gap junctions. [NIH] Synergistic: Acting together; enhancing the effect of another force or agent. [EU] Systemic: Affecting the entire body. [NIH] Systemic lupus erythematosus: SLE. A chronic inflammatory connective tissue disease marked by skin rashes, joint pain and swelling, inflammation of the kidneys, inflammation of the fibrous tissue surrounding the heart (i.e., the pericardium), as well as other problems. Not all affected individuals display all of these problems. May be referred to as lupus. [NIH] Talus: The second largest of the tarsal bones and occupies the middle and upper part of the tarsus. [NIH] Tamoxifen: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). It acts as an agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is an estrogen antagonist in mammary and uterine. [NIH] Tamponade: The inserting of a tampon; a dressing is inserted firmly into a wound or body cavity, as the nose, uterus or vagina, principally for stopping hemorrhage. [NIH] Tear Gases: Gases that irritate the eyes, throat, or skin. Severe lacrimation develops upon irritation of the eyes. [NIH] Technetium: The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of uranium. The stablest isotope has a mass number 99 and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. [NIH] Telencephalon: Paired anteriolateral evaginations of the prosencephalon plus the lamina terminalis. The cerebral hemispheres are derived from it. Many authors consider cerebrum a synonymous term to telencephalon, though a minority include diencephalon as part of the cerebrum (Anthoney, 1994). [NIH] Telomere: A terminal section of a chromosome which has a specialized structure and which

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is involved in chromosomal replication and stability. Its length is believed to be a few hundred base pairs. [NIH] Temporal: One of the two irregular bones forming part of the lateral surfaces and base of the skull, and containing the organs of hearing. [NIH] Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors. [NIH] Tendinitis: Inflammation of tendons and of tendon-muscle attachments. [EU] Tendon: A discrete band of connective tissue mainly composed of parallel bundles of collagenous fibers by which muscles are attached, or two muscles bellies joined. [NIH] Tennis Elbow: A condition characterized by pain in or near the lateral humeral epicondyle or in the forearm extensor muscle mass as a result of unusual strain. It occurs in tennis players as well as housewives, artisans, and violinists. [NIH] Thalamus: Paired bodies containing mostly gray substance and forming part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle of the brain. The thalamus represents the major portion of the diencephalon and is commonly divided into cellular aggregates known as nuclear groups. [NIH]

Therapeutics: The branch of medicine which is concerned with the treatment of diseases, palliative or curative. [NIH] Thermal: Pertaining to or characterized by heat. [EU] Thermography: Measurement of the regional temperature of the body or an organ by infrared sensing devices, based on self-emanating infrared radiation. [NIH] Thigh: A leg; in anatomy, any elongated process or part of a structure more or less comparable to a leg. [NIH] Third Ventricle: A narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma. It communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina. [NIH] Thoracic: Having to do with the chest. [NIH] Thoracic Surgery: A surgical specialty concerned with diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the heart, lungs, and esophagus. Two major types of thoracic surgery are classified as pulmonary and cardiovascular. [NIH] Thorax: A part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; the chest. [NIH] Threshold: For a specified sensory modality (e. g. light, sound, vibration), the lowest level (absolute threshold) or smallest difference (difference threshold, difference limen) or intensity of the stimulus discernible in prescribed conditions of stimulation. [NIH] Thrombin: An enzyme formed from prothrombin that converts fibrinogen to fibrin. (Dorland, 27th ed) EC 3.4.21.5. [NIH] Thrombomodulin: A cell surface glycoprotein of endothelial cells that binds thrombin and serves as a cofactor in the activation of protein C and its regulation of blood coagulation. [NIH]

Thrombophlebitis: Inflammation of a vein associated with thrombus formation. [NIH] Thrombosis: The formation or presence of a blood clot inside a blood vessel. [NIH] Thromboxanes: Physiologically active compounds found in many organs of the body. They

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are formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides and cause platelet aggregation, contraction of arteries, and other biological effects. Thromboxanes are important mediators of the actions of polyunsaturated fatty acids transformed by cyclooxygenase. [NIH] Thrombus: An aggregation of blood factors, primarily platelets and fibrin with entrapment of cellular elements, frequently causing vascular obstruction at the point of its formation. Some authorities thus differentiate thrombus formation from simple coagulation or clot formation. [EU] Thyroid: A gland located near the windpipe (trachea) that produces thyroid hormone, which helps regulate growth and metabolism. [NIH] Thyroid Gland: A highly vascular endocrine gland consisting of two lobes, one on either side of the trachea, joined by a narrow isthmus; it produces the thyroid hormones which are concerned in regulating the metabolic rate of the body. [NIH] Thyroxine: An amino acid of the thyroid gland which exerts a stimulating effect on thyroid metabolism. [NIH] Tibia: The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. [NIH] Tibial Nerve: The medial terminal branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve fibers originate in lumbar and sacral spinal segments (L4 to S2). They supply motor and sensory innervation to parts of the calf and foot. [NIH] Tidal Volume: The volume of air inspired or expired during each normal, quiet respiratory cycle. Common abbreviations are TV or V with subscript T. [NIH] Tin: A trace element that is required in bone formation. It has the atomic symbol Sn, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 118.71. [NIH] Tinnitus: Sounds that are perceived in the absence of any external noise source which may take the form of buzzing, ringing, clicking, pulsations, and other noises. Objective tinnitus refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of cochlear diseases; vestibulocochlear nerve diseases; intracranial hypertension; craniocerebral trauma; and other conditions. [NIH] Tissue: A group or layer of cells that are alike in type and work together to perform a specific function. [NIH] Tolerance: 1. the ability to endure unusually large doses of a drug or toxin. 2. acquired drug tolerance; a decreasing response to repeated constant doses of a drug or the need for increasing doses to maintain a constant response. [EU] Tomography: Imaging methods that result in sharp images of objects located on a chosen plane and blurred images located above or below the plane. [NIH] Tone: 1. the normal degree of vigour and tension; in muscle, the resistance to passive elongation or stretch; tonus. 2. a particular quality of sound or of voice. 3. to make permanent, or to change, the colour of silver stain by chemical treatment, usually with a heavy metal. [EU] Tonic: 1. producing and restoring the normal tone. 2. characterized by continuous tension. 3. a term formerly used for a class of medicinal preparations believed to have the power of restoring normal tone to tissue. [EU] Tonus: A state of slight tension usually present in muscles even when they are not undergoing active contraction. [NIH]

Dictionary 469

Toothache: Pain in the adjacent areas of the teeth. [NIH] Topical: On the surface of the body. [NIH] Torticollis: Wryneck; a contracted state of the cervical muscles, producing twisting of the neck and an unnatural position of the head. [EU] Toxic: Having to do with poison or something harmful to the body. Toxic substances usually cause unwanted side effects. [NIH] Toxicity: The quality of being poisonous, especially the degree of virulence of a toxic microbe or of a poison. [EU] Toxicology: The science concerned with the detection, chemical composition, and pharmacologic action of toxic substances or poisons and the treatment and prevention of toxic manifestations. [NIH] Toxin: A poison; frequently used to refer specifically to a protein produced by some higher plants, certain animals, and pathogenic bacteria, which is highly toxic for other living organisms. Such substances are differentiated from the simple chemical poisons and the vegetable alkaloids by their high molecular weight and antigenicity. [EU] Trace element: Substance or element essential to plant or animal life, but present in extremely small amounts. [NIH] Trachea: The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi. [NIH] Transcutaneous: Transdermal. [EU] Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation: Electrical stimulation of nerves and/or muscles to relieve pain; it is used less frequently to produce anesthesia. The optimal placements of electrodes or "trigger points" may correspond with acupuncture analgesia points. TENS is sometimes referred to as acupuncture-like when using a low frequency stimulus. [NIH] Transduction: The transfer of genes from one cell to another by means of a viral (in the case of bacteria, a bacteriophage) vector or a vector which is similar to a virus particle (pseudovirion). [NIH] Transfection: The uptake of naked or purified DNA into cells, usually eukaryotic. It is analogous to bacterial transformation. [NIH] Transfusion: The infusion of components of blood or whole blood into the bloodstream. The blood may be donated from another person, or it may have been taken from the person earlier and stored until needed. [NIH] Translation: The process whereby the genetic information present in the linear sequence of ribonucleotides in mRNA is converted into a corresponding sequence of amino acids in a protein. It occurs on the ribosome and is unidirectional. [NIH] Transmitter: A chemical substance which effects the passage of nerve impulses from one cell to the other at the synapse. [NIH] Trauma: Any injury, wound, or shock, must frequently physical or structural shock, producing a disturbance. [NIH] Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, practicability, etc., of these interventions in individual cases or series. [NIH]

Trigeminal: Cranial nerve V. It is sensory for the eyeball, the conjunctiva, the eyebrow, the skin of face and scalp, the teeth, the mucous membranes in the mouth and nose, and is

470 Acupuncture

motor to the muscles of mastication. [NIH] Trigeminal Nerve: The 5th and largest cranial nerve. The trigeminal nerve is a mixed motor and sensory nerve. The larger sensory part forms the ophthalmic, mandibular, and maxillary nerves which carry afferents sensitive to external or internal stimuli from the skin, muscles, and joints of the face and mouth and from the teeth. Most of these fibers originate from cells of the trigeminal ganglion and project to the trigeminal nucleus of the brain stem. The smaller motor part arises from the brain stem trigeminal motor nucleus and innervates the muscles of mastication. [NIH] Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for nitrogen balance in adults. It is a precursor serotonin and niacin. [NIH] Tryptophan Hydroxylase: An enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of tryptophan to 5hydroxytryptophan in the presence of NADPH and molecular oxygen. It is important in the biosynthesis of serotonin. EC 1.14.16.4 [NIH] Tuberculosis: Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of Mycobacterium. [NIH] Ulcer: A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. [NIH] Ulcerative colitis: Chronic inflammation of the colon that produces ulcers in its lining. This condition is marked by abdominal pain, cramps, and loose discharges of pus, blood, and mucus from the bowel. [NIH] Unconscious: Experience which was once conscious, but was subsequently rejected, as the "personal unconscious". [NIH] Uncontrolled study: A clinical study that lacks a comparison (i.e., a control) group. [NIH] Uranium: A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors. [NIH] Ureters: Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. [NIH] Urethra: The tube through which urine leaves the body. It empties urine from the bladder. [NIH]

Uric: A kidney stone that may result from a diet high in animal protein. When the body breaks down this protein, uric acid levels rise and can form stones. [NIH] Urinary: Having to do with urine or the organs of the body that produce and get rid of urine. [NIH] Urinary Retention: Inability to urinate. The etiology of this disorder includes obstructive, neurogenic, pharmacologic, and psychogenic causes. [NIH] Urinary tract: The organs of the body that produce and discharge urine. These include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. [NIH] Urinary tract infection: An illness caused by harmful bacteria growing in the urinary tract. [NIH]

Urinate: To release urine from the bladder to the outside. [NIH] Urine: Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra. [NIH] Urodynamic: Measures of the bladder's ability to hold and release urine. [NIH] Urticaria: A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress. [NIH]

Dictionary 471

Uterus: The small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis. This is the organ in which a fetus develops. Also called the womb. [NIH] Vaccine: A substance or group of substances meant to cause the immune system to respond to a tumor or to microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses. [NIH] Vagal: Pertaining to the vagus nerve. [EU] Vagina: The muscular canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body. Also called the birth canal. [NIH] Vagotomy: The interruption or removal of any part of the vagus (10th cranial) nerve. Vagotomy may be performed for research or for therapeutic purposes. [NIH] Vagus Nerve: The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx). [NIH] Varicose: The common ulcer in the lower third of the leg or near the ankle. [NIH] Varicose vein: An abnormal swelling and tortuosity especially of the superficial veins of the legs. [EU] Vascular: Pertaining to blood vessels or indicative of a copious blood supply. [EU] Vasoactive: Exerting an effect upon the calibre of blood vessels. [EU] Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, single-chain polypeptide isolated from the intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems. It is also found in several parts of the central and peripheral nervous systems and is a neurotransmitter. [NIH] Vasoconstriction: Narrowing of the blood vessels without anatomic change, for which constriction, pathologic is used. [NIH] Vasodilator: An agent that widens blood vessels. [NIH] Vasomotor: 1. affecting the calibre of a vessel, especially of a blood vessel. 2. any element or agent that effects the calibre of a blood vessel. [EU] VE: The total volume of gas either inspired or expired in one minute. [NIH] Vein: Vessel-carrying blood from various parts of the body to the heart. [NIH] Venom: That produced by the poison glands of the mouth and injected by the fangs of poisonous snakes. [NIH] Venous: Of or pertaining to the veins. [EU] Venous blood: Blood that has given up its oxygen to the tissues and carries carbon dioxide back for gas exchange. [NIH] Venter: Belly. [NIH] Ventral: 1. pertaining to the belly or to any venter. 2. denoting a position more toward the belly surface than some other object of reference; same as anterior in human anatomy. [EU] Ventral Tegmental Area: A region in the mesencephalon which is dorsomedial to the substantia nigra and ventral to the red nucleus. The mesocortical and mesolimbic dopaminergic systems originate here, including an important projection to the nucleus accumbens. Overactivity of the cells in this area has been suspected to contribute to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. [NIH] Ventricle: One of the two pumping chambers of the heart. The right ventricle receives oxygen-poor blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. The left ventricle receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the

472 Acupuncture

body through the aorta. [NIH] Ventricular: Pertaining to a ventricle. [EU] Ventricular Function: The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the ventricles. [NIH]

Venules: The minute vessels that collect blood from the capillary plexuses and join together to form veins. [NIH] Verruca: A circumscribed, cutaneous excrescence having a papilliferous surface; a small, circumscribed, epidermal tumor. [NIH] Vertebrae: A bony unit of the segmented spinal column. [NIH] Vertebral: Of or pertaining to a vertebra. [EU] Vertigo: An illusion of movement; a sensation as if the external world were revolving around the patient (objective vertigo) or as if he himself were revolving in space (subjective vertigo). The term is sometimes erroneously used to mean any form of dizziness. [EU] Vesicular: 1. composed of or relating to small, saclike bodies. 2. pertaining to or made up of vesicles on the skin. [EU] Vestibulocochlear Nerve: The 8th cranial nerve. The vestibulocochlear nerve has a cochlear part (cochlear nerve) which is concerned with hearing and a vestibular part (vestibular nerve) which mediates the sense of balance and head position. The fibers of the cochlear nerve originate from neurons of the spiral ganglion and project to the cochlear nuclei (cochlear nucleus). The fibers of the vestibular nerve arise from neurons of Scarpa's ganglion and project to the vestibular nuclei. [NIH] Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases: Diseases of the vestibular and/or cochlear (acoustic) nerves, which join to form the vestibulocochlear nerve. Vestibular neuritis, cochlear neuritis, and acoustic neuromas are relatively common conditions that affect these nerves. Clinical manifestations vary with which nerve is primarily affected, and include hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus. [NIH] Veterinary Medicine: The medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals. [NIH] Video Recording: The storing or preserving of video signals for television to be played back later via a transmitter or receiver. Recordings may be made on magnetic tape or discs (videodisc recording). [NIH] Villi: The tiny, fingerlike projections on the surface of the small intestine. Villi help absorb nutrients. [NIH] Viral: Pertaining to, caused by, or of the nature of virus. [EU] Virulence: The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. [NIH] Virus: Submicroscopic organism that causes infectious disease. In cancer therapy, some viruses may be made into vaccines that help the body build an immune response to, and kill, tumor cells. [NIH] Viscera: Any of the large interior organs in any one of the three great cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen. [NIH] Visceral: , from viscus a viscus) pertaining to a viscus. [EU] Viscosity: A physical property of fluids that determines the internal resistance to shear forces. [EU]

Dictionary 473

Visual Acuity: Acuteness or clearness of vision, especially of form vision, which is dependent mainly on the sharpness of the retinal focus. [NIH] Visual Cortex: Area of the occipital lobe concerned with vision. [NIH] Vital Capacity: The volume of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration. [NIH] Vital force: That volume of gas that can be expired as forcefully and rapidly as possible after maximal inspiration; the forced vital capacity is normally equal to the vital capacity. [NIH]

Vitro: Descriptive of an event or enzyme reaction under experimental investigation occurring outside a living organism. Parts of an organism or microorganism are used together with artificial substrates and/or conditions. [NIH] Vivo: Outside of or removed from the body of a living organism. [NIH] Volition: Voluntary activity without external compulsion. [NIH] Wart: A raised growth on the surface of the skin or other organ. [NIH] White blood cell: A type of cell in the immune system that helps the body fight infection and disease. White blood cells include lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, and others. [NIH]

Windpipe: A rigid tube, 10 cm long, extending from the cricoid cartilage to the upper border of the fifth thoracic vertebra. [NIH] Winged scapula: An undue prominence or sticking-out of the scapula. [NIH] Withdrawal: 1. a pathological retreat from interpersonal contact and social involvement, as may occur in schizophrenia, depression, or schizoid avoidant and schizotypal personality disorders. 2. (DSM III-R) a substance-specific organic brain syndrome that follows the cessation of use or reduction in intake of a psychoactive substance that had been regularly used to induce a state of intoxication. [EU] Womb: A hollow, thick-walled, muscular organ in which the impregnated ovum is developed into a child. [NIH] Wound Healing: Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. [NIH] Xenograft: The cells of one species transplanted to another species. [NIH] Xerostomia: Decreased salivary flow. [NIH] X-ray: High-energy radiation used in low doses to diagnose diseases and in high doses to treat cancer. [NIH] X-ray therapy: The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy) or from materials called radioisotopes. Radioisotopes produce radiation and can be placed in or near the tumor or in the area near cancer cells. This type of radiation treatment is called internal radiation therapy, implant radiation, interstitial radiation, or brachytherapy. Systemic radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that circulates throughout the body. X-ray therapy is also called radiation therapy, radiotherapy, and irradiation. [NIH] Zoster: A virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its nerve branches, characterized by discrete areas of vesiculation of the epithelium of the forehead, the nose, the eyelids, and the cornea together with subepithelial infiltration. [NIH] Zymogen: Inactive form of an enzyme which can then be converted to the active form, usually by excision of a polypeptide, e. g. trypsinogen is the zymogen of trypsin. [NIH]

474

INDEX A Abdominal Pain, 379, 393, 432, 470 Abduction, 14, 393 Ablation, 393 Abortion, 393, 451 Abscess, 271, 393, 454, 460 Accessory Nerve, 14, 393 Acetaminophen, 25, 393 Acetylcholine, 393, 407, 442 Acetylcholinesterase, 393 Acne, 278, 393 Acoustic, 18, 393, 472 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, 378, 393 Acuity, 393 Acupuncture Anesthesia, 342, 394 Acupuncture Therapy, 8, 18, 20, 266, 269, 270, 291, 292, 295, 300, 316, 329, 330, 332, 337, 339, 340, 341, 377, 394 Adenoma, 394 Adipose Tissue, 394, 445 Adjunctive therapy, 7, 394 Adjustment, 394 Adjuvant, 394, 422 Adjuvant therapy, 394 Adolescence, 394, 446 Adrenal Cortex, 394, 412 Adrenal Glands, 33, 271, 394 Adrenal Medulla, 394, 405, 419, 443 Adrenaline, 309, 394 Adrenergic, 394, 395, 396, 416, 419, 425, 437, 452, 465 Adverse effect, 4, 7, 12, 256, 266, 394, 448, 461 Afferent, 15, 17, 22, 394, 412, 421, 461, 463 Affinity, 394, 395, 400, 462 Agalactia, 395 Age Groups, 395 Aged, 80 and over, 395 Agonist, 395, 403, 416, 440, 442, 449, 465, 466 Agoraphobia, 395, 448 Airway, 395 Airway Resistance, 395 Albumin, 395, 437 Alfentanil, 395 Alkaloid, 395, 400, 403, 404, 408, 439, 442 Allergic Rhinitis, 239, 241, 278, 395, 425 Alopecia, 395, 413 Alpha-1, 395, 396 Alprenolol, 395, 437

Alternative medicine, 6, 9, 10, 26, 308, 350, 354, 362, 395 Amenorrhea, 279, 395, 450 Amine, 396, 427 Amino Acid Sequence, 396, 401, 452 Amitriptyline, 312, 317, 396 Amnestic, 396, 438 Amoxicillin, 318, 396 Amphetamines, 396, 408 Ampicillin, 396 Amygdala, 396, 434, 461 Anaesthetic, 250, 396 Anal, 396, 422 Analog, 14, 331, 396, 414 Analogous, 396, 427, 469 Anaphylatoxins, 396, 410 Anatomical, 241, 270, 328, 329, 397, 400, 402, 407, 411, 429, 438, 439, 460 Anemia, 397 Aneurysm, 397, 423 Angina, 15, 22, 239, 279, 397, 437, 452 Angina Pectoris, 239, 397, 437, 452 Angiopathy, 397, 406 Angiotensinogen, 397, 457 Animal model, 22, 397 Ankle, 247, 347, 397, 471 Ankle Joint, 397 Anorexia, 23, 396, 397 Anovulation, 397, 450 Anterior Cerebral Artery, 397, 406 Antiasthmatic, 397 Antibacterial, 397, 416, 463 Antibiotic, 318, 396, 397, 403, 463 Antibody, 395, 397, 398, 409, 429, 430, 432, 436, 439, 455, 461, 473 Anticholinergic, 396, 398 Anticoagulant, 398, 453 Anticonvulsant, 398, 404, 448 Antidepressant, 26, 317, 396, 398 Antidiuretic, 398, 399, 414 Antiemetic, 262, 398, 415 Antigen, 395, 397, 398, 409, 428, 429, 430, 436, 438, 461 Antigen-Antibody Complex, 398, 409 Antihypertensive, 20, 21, 308, 395, 398, 425 Anti-inflammatory, 257, 393, 398, 415, 424 Antineoplastic, 398, 413 Antipyretic, 393, 398 Antitussive, 398, 415, 444 Antiviral, 372, 398 Anus, 396, 398, 402, 409

Index 475

Anxiety, 9, 12, 24, 31, 254, 279, 398, 411, 448, 452 Anxiety Disorders, 12, 31, 398 Anxiolytic, 398, 438, 443 Aorta, 269, 398, 472 Aphasia, 396, 398 Aphonia, 398 Apolipoproteins, 398, 434 Aponeurosis, 399, 423 Apoptosis, 253, 399 Applicability, 352, 399 Aqueous, 399, 401, 413, 418, 433 Arachidonic Acid, 313, 399, 434, 452 Arginine, 396, 399, 414, 442 Argipressin, 399, 414 Argon, 399 Argyria, 247, 267, 399 Aromatic, 399, 448 Arterial, 22, 261, 399, 406, 407, 428, 431, 453 Arteries, 239, 259, 272, 397, 398, 399, 402, 406, 411, 412, 431, 432, 435, 437, 440, 450, 468 Arterioles, 399, 402, 438, 440 Arteriolosclerosis, 399, 431 Arteriosclerosis, 399 Arteriovenous, 399, 406, 438 Artery, 15, 397, 399, 402, 412, 415, 421, 431, 432, 438, 455, 459 Arthropathy, 255, 399 Arthroscopy, 399 Articular, 397, 400, 444 Ascariasis, 279, 400 Ascites, 400, 443 Aseptic, 400, 464 Aspiration, 400 Astigmatism, 320, 400, 456 Astrocytes, 400, 438, 439 Ataxia, 400, 427 Atrial, 267, 400 Atrial Fibrillation, 267, 400 Atrium, 400, 471 Atropine, 23, 257, 400, 401 Attenuated, 400, 415 Attenuation, 15, 400 Auditory, 27, 31, 240, 400, 420, 471 Aura, 252, 341, 400 Autologous, 262, 400 Autonomic, 15, 22, 393, 400, 401, 412, 423, 424, 443, 447, 462, 463, 465 Autonomic Dysreflexia, 400 Autonomic Nervous System, 15, 400, 401, 447, 462, 465 Axillary, 401, 402 Axons, 401, 414, 441, 444, 447, 450, 451, 463 Axotomy, 267, 401

B Bacteria, 397, 398, 401, 421, 424, 438, 460, 463, 469, 470, 471 Bacterial Infections, 401, 406, 424, 457 Basal Ganglia, 400, 401, 403, 406, 423, 434, 443 Base, 30, 401, 414, 433, 467 Basophils, 401, 424, 433 Belladonna, 400, 401 Benign, 394, 399, 401, 403, 423, 425, 441, 455 Beta-Endorphin, 261, 401 Beta-Thromboglobulin, 401, 431 Bilateral, 7, 401, 445, 446, 450, 458, 461 Bile, 401, 423, 426, 427, 434, 464 Bile duct, 401 Biliary, 401, 404, 426 Biliary Tract, 401, 404 Biochemical, 401, 444, 461 Biosynthesis, 399, 402, 470 Biotechnology, 32, 33, 347, 362, 371, 402 Bipolar Disorder, 19, 402 Bladder, 247, 353, 402, 410, 413, 423, 430, 441, 447, 453, 470 Bloating, 402, 423, 432 Blood Flow Velocity, 261, 402 Blood Glucose, 240, 402, 426, 431 Blood Platelets, 402, 449, 461 Blood transfusion, 402 Blood vessel, 397, 402, 405, 407, 408, 419, 431, 432, 435, 447, 462, 464, 467, 471 Blood-Brain Barrier, 402, 426 Body Fluids, 330, 402, 416, 417, 462 Body Regions, 402, 409 Bone Marrow, 402, 435, 439, 464 Bowel, 10, 16, 284, 318, 319, 396, 402, 415, 431, 464, 470 Bowel Movement, 10, 16, 402, 415, 464 Brachial, 402, 427, 436, 455 Brachial Artery, 402, 455 Brachial Plexus, 402, 436 Brachytherapy, 403, 431, 432, 455, 473 Bradycardia, 403 Bradykinin, 403, 442 Brain Diseases, 403, 445 Brain Neoplasms, 403, 427 Brain Stem, 23, 240, 403, 406, 470 Branch, 389, 403, 413, 418, 435, 446, 454, 463, 465, 466, 467, 468 Breakdown, 403, 415, 423 Broad-spectrum, 396, 403 Bronchi, 403, 419, 421, 469 Bronchial, 248, 403, 427 Bulbar, 403 Buprenorphine, 403 Burns, 280, 403

476 Acupuncture

Burns, Electric, 403 C Cadaver, 403 Calcification, 399, 403 Calcitonin, 12, 404 Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, 12, 404 Calcium, 403, 404, 409, 417, 422, 431, 461 Calculi, 404 Calmodulin, 404, 422 Candy, 365, 404 Capsaicin, 264, 404 Carbamazepine, 404 Carbohydrate, 404 Carbon Dioxide, 404, 414, 422, 428, 457, 471 Carcinogenic, 404, 430, 464 Carcinogens, 404, 407, 439 Carcinoma, 404 Cardia, 405 Cardiology, 405 Cardiopulmonary, 405 Cardiorespiratory, 405, 438 Cardioselective, 405, 452 Cardiovascular disease, 15, 405 Cardiovascular System, 15, 405 Carotene, 405, 458 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, 6, 32, 280, 312, 318, 405 Case report, 8, 259, 266, 268, 405, 408 Case series, 268, 405, 408 Cataracts, 320, 405 Catecholamine, 405, 416, 448 Catheters, 354, 405, 429, 431 Cauda Equina, 405, 459 Caudal, 405, 415, 429, 443, 450 Cavernous Sinus, 405, 458 Cell Count, 352, 405 Cell Cycle, 406, 408 Cell Death, 399, 406, 440 Cell Differentiation, 406, 461 Cell proliferation, 399, 406, 461 Cell Transplantation, 309, 310, 406 Central Nervous System Infections, 406, 425, 427 Cerebellum, 403, 406, 412, 450, 456 Cerebral, 18, 261, 262, 264, 321, 397, 400, 401, 402, 403, 406, 407, 411, 419, 420, 422, 425, 426, 427, 438, 443, 446, 447, 454, 463, 466, 467 Cerebral Aqueduct, 406, 447, 467 Cerebral Arteries, 406, 438 Cerebral Cortex, 18, 262, 400, 403, 406, 420 Cerebral hemispheres, 401, 403, 406, 407, 466 Cerebral Hemorrhage, 406 Cerebral Infarction, 406, 427 Cerebral Palsy, 264, 321, 406, 463

Cerebrospinal, 406, 427 Cerebrospinal fluid, 406, 427 Cerebrovascular, 18, 239, 272, 405, 407 Cerebrum, 261, 406, 407, 412, 466 Cervical Ripening, 407 Cervix, 393, 407, 422 Cesarean Section, 407 Character, 339, 364, 397, 407, 414 Chemotactic Factors, 407, 410 Chemotherapy, 6, 7, 17, 24, 254, 262, 309, 327, 329, 361, 378, 379, 394, 407 Chest wall, 407, 450 Chiropractic, 260, 294, 311, 314, 320, 350, 351, 353, 355, 407 Cholesterol, 407, 408, 412, 434, 435, 464, 466 Cholesterol Esters, 407, 434 Choline, 393, 407 Cholinergic, 396, 407, 426, 439, 442, 461 Chromatin, 399, 407 Chromium, 9, 407 Chromosomal, 407, 408, 459, 467 Chromosome, 408, 425, 459, 466 Chronic prostatitis, 247, 408 Chronic renal, 408, 450 Chylomicrons, 408, 434 Circulatory system, 408, 432 CIS, 408, 458 Cisplatin, 408, 443 Clinical Medicine, 408, 451 Clinical study, 249, 276, 408, 411, 470 Cloning, 402, 408 Coagulation, 402, 404, 408, 425, 426, 467, 468 Coca, 408 Cocaine, 11, 359, 362, 376, 408 Cochlear, 409, 468, 472 Cochlear Diseases, 409, 468 Cofactor, 409, 453, 467 Cohort Studies, 4, 409 Colic, 409 Colitis, 409, 432 Collagen, 266, 316, 396, 409, 422, 449, 452 Collapse, 403, 409, 450 Colon, 288, 311, 409, 432, 433, 470 Colonoscopy, 263, 409 Colostomy, 16, 318, 319, 409 Combination Therapy, 11, 409 Complement, 3, 30, 241, 257, 396, 409, 410 Complementary and alternative medicine, 15, 24, 30, 245, 246, 258, 303, 379, 410 Complementary medicine, 28, 29, 246, 260, 410 Complete remission, 410, 457 Compliance, 14, 321, 410 Computational Biology, 371, 410 Conception, 393, 410, 422, 451, 464

Index 477

Concretion, 404, 410 Conduction, 32, 325, 328, 329, 330, 349, 379, 410 Cones, 331, 410, 458 Congestion, 288, 410, 420 Conjunctiva, 410, 433, 465, 469 Conjunctivitis, 272, 281, 410, 425 Connective Tissue Cells, 410 Conscious Sedation, 8, 411 Consciousness, 346, 395, 396, 411, 414, 441, 454, 458, 464 Constipation, 254, 281, 411, 432 Constitutional, 348, 411, 439, 458 Constriction, 411, 432, 453, 459, 471 Constriction, Pathologic, 411, 471 Consultation, 411 Consumption, 411, 457 Contact dermatitis, 411 Contraindications, ii, 246, 411 Contralateral, 411, 444, 456 Contrast medium, 411, 412 Control group, 11, 14, 16, 20, 21, 25, 30, 310, 316, 411, 452, 456 Controlled clinical trial, 20, 21, 32, 239, 411, 456 Conventional therapy, 411 Conventional treatment, 26, 353, 411 Convulsions, 398, 411, 417 Coordination, 320, 406, 411 Cornea, 400, 411, 433, 473 Corneum, 411, 419 Coronary, 15, 22, 272, 397, 405, 411, 412, 437, 440 Coronary Angiography, 272, 411 Coronary Arteriosclerosis, 412, 440 Coronary Circulation, 397, 412 Coronary heart disease, 405, 412 Coronary Thrombosis, 412, 437, 440 Corrosion, 330, 412 Cortex, 18, 29, 412, 419, 420, 438, 456 Cortical, 28, 31, 249, 412, 420, 460 Cortices, 27, 412 Corticosteroids, 412, 424 Cortisol, 311, 319, 395, 412 Cortisone, 412, 415 Cranial, 393, 406, 412, 421, 424, 425, 431, 432, 436, 441, 444, 445, 447, 469, 470, 471, 472 Cranial Nerves, 412 Craniocerebral Trauma, 254, 406, 412, 425, 427, 468 Craniomandibular Disorders, 412 Creatine, 412 Creatine Kinase, 412 Creatinine, 412 Credentialing, 7, 314, 412

Curative, 13, 331, 413, 442, 467 Cyclic, 399, 404, 413, 425, 442, 453, 460 Cyclophosphamide, 273, 413 Cystitis, 353, 413 Cystoscopy, 413 Cytochrome, 413, 457 Cytochrome b, 413, 457 Cytogenetics, 413, 459 Cytokine, 413, 431 Cytomegalovirus, 413 Cytoplasm, 399, 401, 413, 419, 424, 439 Cytotoxic, 404, 413, 429, 443, 455, 461 Cytotoxic chemotherapy, 413, 443 Cytotoxicity, 408, 413 D Data Collection, 10, 18, 413 Databases, Bibliographic, 371, 413 Decarboxylation, 414, 427 Defecation, 264, 414 Degenerative, 414, 426, 444, 458 Deletion, 399, 414 Delusion, 414, 459 Dementia, 239, 393, 414 Dendrites, 414, 442 Density, 241, 414, 434, 439, 443, 462 Dental Care, 9, 414 Dentate Gyrus, 414, 427 Dentists, 5, 414 Depressive Disorder, 26, 315, 414 Deprivation, 12, 414 Dermatitis, 281, 288, 414 Dermatology, 247, 255, 267, 414 Dermis, 414, 458 Desensitization, 414, 429 Desmopressin, 414 Detoxification, 272, 352, 354, 415 Dexamethasone, 415 Diabetes Mellitus, 281, 415, 424, 426 Diagnostic procedure, 323, 362, 415 Dialysate, 415, 416 Diaphragm, 415, 426, 450 Diarrhea, 10, 272, 281, 308, 372, 373, 400, 415, 432 Diastole, 415 Diastolic, 20, 21, 415, 428 Diastolic blood pressure, 415 Diathesis, 415, 425 Diencephalon, 415, 420, 429, 466, 467 Diffusion, 415, 430 Digestion, 261, 402, 415, 417, 423, 431, 434, 464 Digestive system, 322, 415, 439 Dilatation, 393, 397, 415, 431 Dilation, 403, 415, 427 Dilution, 353, 415 Diphenhydramine, 415

478 Acupuncture

Diprenorphine, 27, 415 Discrete, 415, 435, 467, 473 Disinfection, 415 Dissection, 14, 416, 435 Distal, 325, 416, 417, 447, 451, 453 Distention, 16, 416 Diuretic, 416, 451 Dizziness, 240, 329, 332, 416, 472 Dopamine, 409, 416, 439, 442, 448 Dorsal, 23, 263, 264, 416, 420, 450, 461, 463 Dorsum, 416, 423 Double-blind, 18, 27, 265, 308, 416 Double-blinded, 18, 416 Drive, ii, vii, 237, 416 Drug Interactions, 416 Drug Tolerance, 416, 468 Duct, 238, 416, 420, 435, 459 Duodenal Ulcer, 416 Duodenum, 401, 416, 418, 423, 464 Dwell time, 20, 416 Dynorphins, 416, 444 Dysmenorrhea, 281, 416 Dysmenorrhoea, 416 Dyspepsia, 276, 417 Dysphonia, 417 Dysphoric, 414, 417 Dyspnea, 13, 417 Dystrophy, 417 Dysuria, 417 E Ectopic, 238, 248, 417 Edema, 282, 287, 411, 417, 432, 435, 439, 443 Effector, 393, 409, 417, 441 Effector cell, 417, 441 Efferent, 23, 412, 417, 421, 461, 463 Effusion, 13, 417 Ejaculation, 417, 460 Elastic, 316, 324, 417, 462 Elasticity, 399, 412, 417 Elastin, 409, 417 Electroacupuncture, 22, 26, 31, 33, 240, 246, 257, 258, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 268, 269, 270, 273, 274, 295, 308, 315, 326, 361, 417 Electroconvulsive Therapy, 26, 417 Electrode, 326, 329, 330, 417 Electrolysis, 378, 417 Electrolytes, 313, 417 Electromyography, 354, 417 Electrons, 401, 417, 432, 455 Electrophysiological, 22, 418, 472 Emaciation, 393, 418 Embryo, 393, 406, 418, 430, 451, 464 Embryo Transfer, 418, 451 Emesis, 273, 361, 418, 451

Empirical, 12, 418 Emulsion, 418, 422 Encephalitis, 280, 282, 418 Encephalitis, Viral, 282, 418 Endocrinology, 271, 418, 425 Endogenous, 15, 22, 27, 401, 404, 416, 418, 444 Endometrial, 418 Endometriosis, 282, 319, 320, 418 Endometrium, 238, 248, 418, 437 Endorphin, 308, 401, 418 Endoscope, 418 Endoscopic, 399, 409, 413, 418, 423, 438 Endothelial cell, 402, 419, 431, 467 Endothelium, 419, 442 Endothelium-derived, 419, 442 Endotoxins, 410, 419, 433 End-stage renal, 408, 419, 450 Energetic, 301, 302, 345, 419 Enkephalin, 401, 419, 452 Entorhinal Cortex, 419, 427 Enuresis, 276, 419 Environmental Health, 370, 372, 419 Enzymatic, 396, 404, 405, 410, 419, 427, 458 Enzyme, 393, 417, 419, 425, 432, 439, 453, 457, 461, 465, 467, 470, 473 Epicondylitis, 259, 419 Epidemic, 352, 419 Epidermal, 419, 433, 472 Epidermis, 324, 411, 414, 419, 427, 433 Epidural, 419, 431 Epigastric, 419, 445 Epinephrine, 394, 416, 419, 442, 443 Epiphora, 238, 419 Epithalamus, 415, 420, 434 Epithelial, 394, 420, 426 Epithelium, 419, 420, 473 Erectile, 282, 420, 446 Erection, 420 Ergometer, 420 Ergometry, 420 Erythema, 411, 420, 470 Erythrocytes, 397, 402, 420 Esophagus, 415, 420, 464, 467 Estrogen, 420, 460, 466 Etorphine, 415, 420 Evacuation, 411, 420, 423 Evoke, 312, 420, 464 Evoked Potentials, 420 Excitability, 249, 420, 441 Excitation, 15, 396, 420, 442 Excitatory, 22, 265, 420 Exercise Therapy, 25, 420 Exocrine, 420, 445 Exogenous, 418, 421 Expectorant, 421, 451

Index 479

Extensor, 421, 467 External-beam radiation, 421, 432, 455, 473 Extracellular, 22, 400, 410, 421, 422, 462 Extracellular Matrix, 410, 421, 422 Extravasation, 421, 426 Extremity, 23, 312, 402, 421, 436, 446, 459 Eye Movements, 320, 421 F Facial Nerve, 421 Facial Pain, 421 Facial Paralysis, 254, 421 Family Planning, 371, 421 Fat, 9, 394, 397, 399, 402, 405, 412, 421, 434, 458, 462 Fatigue, 12, 281, 282, 316, 329, 330, 332, 373, 421, 426 Fatty acids, 395, 421, 452, 468 Feasibility Studies, 31, 421 Feces, 400, 411, 421, 464 Femoral, 22, 421, 450 Femoral Artery, 421, 450 Fentanyl, 395, 421 Ferrets, 273, 422 Fertilization in Vitro, 422, 451 Fetus, 393, 407, 422, 451, 464, 471 Fibroblasts, 410, 422, 431 Fibrosis, 281, 422, 460 Fibula, 397, 422, 450, 468 Fixation, 330, 422 Flatus, 16, 422, 423 Flexion, 422 Flunarizine, 252, 422 Foramen, 407, 421, 422, 447, 465 Forearm, 402, 422, 436, 455, 467 Fossa, 406, 422, 450, 459 Fovea, 422 Free Radicals, 239, 422 Friction, 4, 324, 395, 422 Frontal Lobe, 397, 406, 422 Functional magnetic resonance imaging, 27, 246, 256, 261, 422 Fundus, 422, 423, 444 G Gallbladder, 22, 282, 393, 401, 415, 423 Gamma Rays, 423, 455 Ganglia, 393, 423, 441, 447, 463, 465 Ganglion, 423, 444, 470, 472, 473 Ganglionic Blockers, 423, 426 Gas, 250, 399, 404, 415, 422, 423, 428, 432, 439, 442, 443, 450, 455, 457, 465, 471, 473 Gastric, 23, 257, 261, 268, 396, 423, 427 Gastric Acid, 396, 423 Gastric Emptying, 23, 423 Gastrin, 423, 427 Gastritis, 283, 423

Gastrointestinal, 10, 23, 250, 308, 319, 403, 419, 423, 426, 434, 461, 462, 465, 471 Gastrointestinal tract, 319, 423, 426, 434, 461, 462 Gastroparesis, 23, 423 Gastroscopy, 423 Gemcitabine, 17, 423 Gene, 258, 347, 402, 404, 423, 425 Gene Expression, 258, 423 Generator, 326, 423 Genital, 424, 425 Ginseng, 372, 424 Gland, 394, 412, 424, 435, 436, 445, 452, 453, 460, 464, 468 Glossopharyngeal Nerve, 421, 424 Glottis, 424, 427 Glucocorticoid, 415, 424 Glucose, 402, 407, 415, 424, 426, 431 Glucose Intolerance, 415, 424 Glycine, 396, 424, 442 Governing Board, 424, 451 Grade, 8, 13, 310, 311, 424 Grafting, 424, 430 Granulocytes, 424, 433, 461, 473 Granuloma, 259, 424 Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, 424, 457 Gravis, 424 Groin, 424, 430 Growth, 283, 394, 397, 399, 406, 425, 436, 438, 441, 449, 460, 462, 468, 470, 473 Guanethidine, 23, 425 Guanylate Cyclase, 425, 442 Gynecology, 275, 277, 336, 425 Gyrus Cinguli, 397, 425, 434 H Habitual, 254, 407, 425 Habituate, 31, 425 Haematemesis, 418, 425 Haematuria, 425 Haemophilia, 255, 425 Hallucination, 329, 332, 425 Handwashing, 378, 425 Hay Fever, 283, 395, 425 Headache Disorders, 425 Health Promotion, 253, 425 Heart attack, 405, 426 Heart failure, 15, 252, 308, 309, 360, 426, 443 Heartbeat, 426, 465 Hematoma, 426 Hemiparesis, 426 Hemiplegia, 426 Hemodynamics, 426 Hemoglobin, 397, 420, 426, 433 Hemorrhage, 412, 425, 426, 464, 466 Hemostasis, 426, 461 Hemothorax, 426

480 Acupuncture

Hepatitis, 283, 353, 378, 426 Hepatobiliary, 426 Hepatocytes, 426 Heredity, 423, 426 Herpes, 283, 290, 426 Herpes Zoster, 283, 290, 426 Hexamethonium, 23, 426 Hiccup, 238, 254, 426 Hippocampus, 252, 414, 427, 434, 461, 465 Hirsutism, 427, 428 Histamine, 396, 415, 422, 427 Histidine, 427 Homeostasis, 427, 462 Hormonal, 427 Hormone therapy, 320, 394, 427 Horny layer, 419, 427 Host, 427, 429, 434, 472 Humeral, 427, 467 Humoral, 427 Humour, 427 Hybrid, 427 Hybridization, 20, 427 Hydrocephalus, 427, 432 Hydrogel, 329, 427 Hydrogen, 396, 401, 404, 428, 438, 442 Hydrolysis, 393, 408, 428, 448, 450, 453 Hydrophilic, 427, 428 Hydrophobic, 428, 434 Hydroxylation, 428, 470 Hydroxylysine, 409, 428 Hydroxyproline, 396, 409, 428 Hyperaemia, 410, 428 Hyperalgesia, 22, 265, 428 Hyperemesis, 361, 428 Hyperostosis, 428 Hyperphagia, 428 Hyperplasia, 239, 261, 428 Hyperreflexia, 428 Hypersensitivity, 414, 415, 428, 434, 458 Hyperthyroidism, 283, 428, 452 Hypertrichosis, 427, 428 Hypertrophy, 428 Hyperventilation, 428 Hypesthesia, 428, 441 Hypnotic, 415, 428, 438 Hypotension, 22, 268, 274, 411, 423, 428 Hypothalamus, 241, 394, 400, 403, 415, 419, 429, 434, 436, 452, 461, 462, 467 Hysterectomy, 258, 429 Hysterotomy, 407, 429 I Id, 242, 278, 383, 388, 390, 429 Idiopathic, 266, 271, 429 Ileostomy, 16, 318, 319, 429 Ileum, 429 Ileus, 16, 23, 318, 429

Illusion, 429, 472 Immune function, 312, 429 Immune response, 394, 398, 412, 429, 465, 472 Immune system, 333, 352, 354, 373, 417, 429, 434, 435, 440, 471, 473 Immunodeficiency, 3, 312, 333, 352, 354, 373, 378, 393, 429 Immunodeficiency syndrome, 333, 352, 373, 429 Immunoglobulin, 429, 439 Immunohistochemistry, 20, 429 Immunologic, 248, 407, 429, 455 Immunology, 372, 394, 429 Immunosuppression, 429, 435, 444 Immunosuppressive, 413, 424, 429 Immunosuppressive Agents, 429 Impairment, 26, 400, 417, 429, 437, 454 Implant radiation, 429, 431, 432, 455, 473 Implantation, 247, 264, 330, 410, 430 Impotence, 341, 420, 430 In vitro, 302, 418, 430, 461 In vivo, 18, 330, 430, 435, 468 Incision, 250, 429, 430 Incontinence, 264, 364, 427, 430 Indicative, 334, 430, 446, 471 Induction, 20, 423, 430, 445 Infancy, 320, 430 Infant, Newborn, 395, 430 Infantile, 241, 430, 450 Infarction, 406, 430, 431 Infection Control, 271, 378, 430 Infertility, 266, 271, 282, 285, 430 Infiltration, 330, 430, 473 Informed Consent, 430 Ingestion, 400, 428, 430, 445, 450 Inguinal, 247, 430 Inguinal Hernia, 247, 430 Initiation, 314, 430 Inlay, 431, 457 Innervation, 402, 421, 431, 436, 459, 468 Inorganic, 408, 431, 439 Insight, 18, 431 Insomnia, 12, 16, 241, 254, 259, 271, 276, 284, 341, 431, 451 Insulin, 431 Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 431 Interleukin-8, 431 Internal radiation, 431, 432, 455, 473 Interstitial, 353, 403, 431, 432, 473 Intervertebral, 431, 435, 455, 459 Intervertebral Disk Displacement, 431, 435, 455, 459 Intestinal, 405, 431, 471 Intestinal Mucosa, 431, 471 Intestine, 402, 431, 433

Index 481

Intoxication, 431, 473 Intracellular, 430, 431, 442, 451, 453, 456, 460, 461 Intracranial Aneurysm, 406, 431 Intracranial Arteriosclerosis, 406, 431 Intracranial Hemorrhages, 427, 431 Intracranial Hypertension, 275, 425, 427, 432, 468 Intracranial Pressure, 432, 444, 453 Intrathecal, 432 Intravenous, 432 Involuntary, 364, 379, 419, 432, 440, 443, 456, 462 Ion Channels, 400, 432, 448, 466 Ionizing, 432, 455 Ions, 401, 404, 417, 428, 432 Irradiation, 432, 473 Irritable Bowel Syndrome, 284, 319, 432 Irritants, 432 Ischemia, 22, 253, 432, 444 Ischemic stroke, 432 Isoenzyme, 412, 432 K Kb, 370, 433 Keratinocytes, 431, 433 Keratoconjunctivitis, 433, 461 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca, 433, 461 Keto, 433 Kidney stone, 433, 470 L Labile, 409, 433 Lacrimal, 238, 420, 421, 433, 461 Large Intestine, 415, 431, 433, 456, 462 Larynx, 393, 398, 424, 433, 464, 469, 471 Laser therapy, 433 Latency, 23, 433 Latent, 313, 433 Least-Squares Analysis, 433, 457 Lens, 405, 433 Lesion, 424, 433, 434, 461, 470 Lethargy, 427, 433 Leucine, 401, 433 Leucocyte, 395, 433 Leukocytes, 401, 402, 407, 424, 433, 434, 439 Leukopenia, 434 Leukotrienes, 399, 434 Library Services, 388, 434 Ligament, 434, 453, 464 Ligation, 22, 434 Likelihood Functions, 434, 457 Limbic, 29, 396, 425, 434 Limbic System, 29, 396, 425, 434 Linear Models, 434, 457 Lipid, 398, 399, 407, 431, 433, 434, 438 Lipoprotein, 434, 435

Liver, 393, 395, 399, 401, 413, 415, 418, 421, 423, 426, 434 Liver cancer, 434 Lobe, 396, 406, 434, 452 Localization, 266, 429, 434 Localized, 14, 18, 247, 267, 422, 426, 427, 428, 430, 434, 440, 441, 443, 449, 470 Logistic Models, 434, 457 Lordosis, 435, 447 Low Back Pain, 6, 24, 250, 256, 260, 262, 269, 270, 284, 314, 319, 320, 358, 361, 435 Low-calorie diet, 267, 435 Low-density lipoprotein, 434, 435 Lumbago, 239, 435 Lumbar, 259, 265, 401, 405, 431, 435, 454, 459, 468 Lupus, 284, 289, 363, 435, 466 Lymph, 401, 407, 408, 419, 427, 435, 440 Lymph node, 401, 407, 435, 440 Lymphadenectomy, 435 Lymphatic system, 435, 463 Lymphedema, 435 Lymphocyte, 393, 398, 429, 435, 436 Lymphocyte Count, 393, 435 Lymphocyte Depletion, 429, 435 Lymphoid, 412, 433, 435 Lytic, 435, 461 M Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 28, 436 Malignant, 17, 393, 398, 399, 403, 434, 436, 441, 455, 459 Mammary, 239, 261, 436, 466 Mania, 436 Manic, 402, 436, 454 Manic-depressive psychosis, 436, 454 Manifest, 426, 436 Masseter Muscle, 436 Mastication, 311, 436, 470 Masticatory, 412, 436, 467 Mastitis, 436 Maxillary, 436, 445, 470 Maxillary Nerve, 436, 470 Medial Forebrain Bundle, 267, 436 Median Nerve, 22, 32, 405, 436 Mediate, 13, 22, 416, 436 Mediator, 436, 449, 461 Medical Records, 436, 458 Medical Staff, 416, 436 MEDLINE, 4, 371, 436 Medullary, 23, 436 Melanin, 437, 448 Membrane, 395, 400, 410, 418, 420, 421, 432, 433, 437, 439, 447, 448, 458, 461, 466 Memory, 414, 437 Meninges, 406, 412, 437, 463 Menopause, 30, 267, 285, 437, 451, 452

482 Acupuncture

Menstrual Cycle, 437, 451 Menstruation, 395, 416, 437, 443, 451 Mental Disorders, 240, 322, 437, 454 Mental Health, v, 10, 322, 370, 373, 437, 454 Mental Processes, 437, 454 Mental Retardation, 437 Meperidine, 249, 437 Mesolimbic, 437, 471 Meta-Analysis, 262, 263, 437 Metastasis, 437 Metastatic, 17, 24, 403, 437 Methionine, 401, 437, 452 Metoprolol, 437 MI, 331, 355, 392, 437 Microbe, 437, 469 Microcirculation, 438 Microglia, 400, 438, 439 Microorganism, 409, 438, 446, 473 Microscopy, 438 Midazolam, 438 Middle Cerebral Artery, 265, 438 Midwifery, 241, 269, 277, 336, 350, 438 Milliliter, 438, 463 Millimeter, 276, 438 Miotic, 438, 449 Mitosis, 399, 438 Modeling, 29, 438 Modification, 22, 308, 353, 396, 438, 455 Molecular, 267, 293, 371, 374, 402, 404, 410, 413, 414, 438, 449, 456, 465, 469, 470 Molecule, 398, 401, 410, 417, 419, 420, 428, 438, 449, 455, 456, 461 Monitor, 29, 311, 412, 438, 443 Monoamine, 263, 439 Monoclonal, 432, 439, 455, 473 Monocytes, 431, 434, 439 Mononuclear, 424, 439 Mood Disorders, 19, 439 Morphine, 403, 437, 439, 440, 444 Morphological, 418, 439 Motility, 16, 264, 439, 461 Motion Sickness, 285, 327, 329, 439, 440 Motor Endplate, 313, 439 Mucinous, 423, 439 Mucins, 439, 459 Mucociliary, 439, 461 Mucositis, 309, 439 Mucus, 421, 439, 470 Multicenter study, 26, 439 Muscular Diseases, 439, 445 Muscular Dystrophies, 417, 439 Musculoskeletal System, 439, 444 Mustard Gas, 432, 439 Myasthenia, 439 Myelin, 439, 450 Myocardial Contraction, 440

Myocardial infarction, 401, 412, 437, 440, 452 Myocardial Ischemia, 22, 308, 397, 440 Myocardium, 397, 437, 440 N Naive, 440 Naloxone, 308, 401, 415, 440 Naltrexone, 440 Narcolepsy, 31, 440 Narcotic, 415, 420, 421, 437, 439, 440, 441 NCI, 1, 307, 309, 322, 369, 408, 440 Neck dissection, 14, 440 Neck Pain, 33, 265, 270, 313, 360, 361, 440 Necrosis, 399, 406, 430, 437, 440 Needle Sharing, 4, 440 Needlestick Injuries, 379, 440 Neoplasm, 441, 459 Neoplastic, 421, 441 Nerve Endings, 22, 425, 441 Nerve Fibers, 394, 402, 441, 444, 463, 468 Nerve Growth Factor, 33, 271, 441 Nerve Regeneration, 273, 441 Nervousness, 30, 441 Networks, 441 Neural, 22, 23, 28, 268, 299, 355, 394, 404, 423, 427, 438, 441, 461 Neuralgia, 240, 265, 441, 450 Neuritis, 441, 472 Neurodermatitis, 441 Neuroeffector Junction, 441 Neurogenic, 268, 441, 470 Neuroleptanalgesia, 415, 441 Neuroleptic, 441, 443 Neurologic, 427, 442 Neurology, 19, 252, 253, 264, 442 Neuromuscular, 6, 393, 442, 445 Neuromuscular Junction, 393, 442 Neuronal, 18, 22, 27, 253, 266, 267, 401, 442, 447 Neurons, 15, 22, 393, 409, 414, 420, 423, 441, 442, 456, 463, 465, 466, 472 Neuropathy, 317, 349, 442, 447, 459 Neuropeptide, 252, 256, 264, 404, 442 Neurophysiology, 268, 442 Neurosis, 254, 442, 448 Neurotransmitter, 393, 396, 403, 404, 416, 424, 427, 432, 442, 443, 460, 461, 462, 465, 466, 471 Neutrons, 432, 442, 455 Neutrophil, 251, 262, 442 Niacin, 442, 470 Nicotine, 442 Nitric Oxide, 249, 252, 262, 265, 266, 442 Nitrogen, 395, 396, 399, 413, 422, 442, 470 Nonverbal Communication, 443, 454

Index 483

Norepinephrine, 12, 394, 396, 416, 425, 442, 443 Normotensive, 308, 443 Nuclear, 401, 417, 423, 434, 440, 443, 467, 470 Nuclei, 396, 417, 420, 436, 438, 442, 443, 444, 461, 472 Nucleic acid, 427, 443 Nucleus Accumbens, 443, 471 Nystagmus, 320, 443 O Obstetrics, 275, 277, 336, 443 Occipital Lobe, 443, 473 Ocular, 268, 272, 347, 443 Oedema, 443 Oligomenorrhea, 443, 450 Oncology, 24, 246, 443 Ondansetron, 443 On-line, 27, 391, 443 Opacity, 405, 414, 443 Ophthalmic, 444, 458, 470 Ophthalmology, 266, 422, 444 Opiate, 18, 22, 272, 401, 419, 439, 440, 444 Opioid Peptides, 416, 444 Opium, 439, 444 Opportunistic Infections, 10, 30, 308, 393, 444 Opsin, 444, 458, 459 Optic Atrophy, 444 Optic Chiasm, 429, 444 Optic Disk, 444 Optic Nerve, 444, 453, 458 Orgasm, 417, 444 Orofacial, 421, 444 Orthopaedic, 248, 444 Osteoarthritis, 4, 6, 25, 29, 33, 286, 310, 311, 312, 363, 376, 444 Osteoclasts, 404, 444 Osteoporosis, 241, 286, 445 Ostriches, 445 Outpatient, 8, 445 Ovaries, 33, 271, 445, 450 Ovulation, 397, 445 Ovulation Induction, 445 Oxygenation, 27, 445 P Paediatric, 445 Pain Threshold, 4, 316, 445 Palliative, 17, 24, 445, 467 Palpation, 313, 445 Palsy, 268, 279, 445 Pancreas, 17, 286, 393, 415, 431, 445, 462 Pancreatic, 17, 240, 307, 445 Pancreatic cancer, 17, 307, 445 Pancreatic Polypeptide, 445 Panniculitis, 445

Paradoxical, 31, 445 Paranasal Sinuses, 445, 461 Paraplegia, 445 Paresis, 426, 441, 446 Paresthesias, 441, 446 Parietal, 397, 446, 450 Parietal Lobe, 397, 446 Paroxysmal, 397, 400, 425, 446 Partial remission, 446, 457 Partial response, 17, 446 Parturition, 443, 446 Pathogen, 10, 446 Pathogenesis, 446 Pathologic, 399, 403, 411, 428, 446, 457, 461, 463 Pathologic Processes, 399, 446 Pathophysiology, 12, 313, 446 Patient Education, 353, 377, 386, 388, 392, 446 Patient Satisfaction, 314, 446 Pediatrics, 260, 446 Pelvic, 247, 257, 286, 319, 320, 418, 446, 453 Pelvic inflammatory disease, 257, 446 Pelvis, 393, 433, 435, 445, 446, 471 Penis, 417, 446, 448 Peptide, 23, 27, 396, 401, 404, 444, 446, 450, 452, 453 Perception, 27, 349, 425, 446, 459 Perforation, 422, 447 Perfusion, 447 Periaqueductal Gray, 22, 249, 257, 447 Periarthritis, 447 Pericardium, 328, 329, 447, 466 Periodontal disease, 8, 447 Periodontitis, 8, 447 Peripheral blood, 262, 447 Peripheral Nerves, 18, 447, 450, 463 Peripheral Nervous System, 18, 317, 426, 442, 445, 447, 452, 453, 462, 465, 471 Peripheral Nervous System Diseases, 426, 445, 447 Peripheral Neuropathy, 317, 447 Peripheral Vascular Disease, 286, 422, 447 Peritoneal, 400, 415, 416, 443, 447 Peritoneal Cavity, 400, 443, 447 Peritoneal Dialysis, 415, 416, 447 Perivascular, 404, 438, 448 Phallic, 422, 448 Phantom, 448 Pharmacologic, 12, 13, 21, 22, 397, 448, 469, 470 Pharmacotherapy, 26, 448 Phenyl, 437, 448 Phenylalanine, 448 Phenytoin, 404, 448 Phobia, 448

484 Acupuncture

Phobic Disorders, 448 Phonation, 398, 448 Phospholipases, 448, 461 Phospholipids, 421, 434, 448 Photoreceptors, 410, 448 Physical Examination, 6, 318, 320, 448 Physical Fitness, 420, 448 Physical Medicine, 260, 336, 448 Physical Therapy, 25, 311, 335, 356, 449 Physiologic, 12, 344, 395, 402, 437, 449, 452, 456, 457 Physiology, 5, 6, 7, 263, 264, 274, 364, 401, 405, 418, 425, 442, 449 Pigments, 405, 449, 458 Pilocarpine, 449 Placebo Effect, 25, 29, 253, 312, 363, 449 Plana, 449 Plants, 395, 400, 401, 404, 407, 408, 424, 443, 449, 469 Plasma, 240, 261, 395, 401, 404, 407, 424, 426, 437, 445, 449, 457, 460 Platelet Activation, 449, 461 Platelet Aggregation, 396, 442, 449, 468 Platelet Factor 4, 431, 449 Platelets, 401, 442, 449, 468 Platinum, 408, 449 Pleural, 426, 443, 449, 450 Pleural cavity, 426, 443, 450 Pneumonia, 411, 450 Pneumonitis, 400, 450 Pneumothorax, 450 Poisoning, 431, 440, 450 Poliomyelitis, 450 Polyarthritis, 433, 450, 461 Polycystic, 33, 271, 450 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, 450 Polypeptide, 396, 409, 427, 445, 450, 462, 471, 473 Polyradiculoneuropathy, 450 Polyradiculopathy, 450 Pons, 403, 450 Popliteal, 33, 450 Popliteal Artery, 33, 450 Post partum, 17, 450 Posterior, 396, 400, 401, 406, 416, 420, 424, 440, 443, 445, 450, 459 Postherpetic Neuralgia, 288, 450 Postmenopausal, 241, 263, 445, 451 Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, 7, 250, 258, 451 Postsynaptic, 439, 441, 451, 461, 466 Post-synaptic, 22, 451 Potassium, 286, 318, 353, 417, 451 Potassium Citrate, 353, 451 Potentiates, 23, 451 Potentiating, 396, 451

Potentiation, 451, 461 Practicability, 421, 451, 469 Practice Guidelines, 314, 373, 451 Precursor, 397, 399, 407, 413, 416, 417, 419, 443, 448, 451, 452, 470 Pregnancy Outcome, 17, 451 Premenstrual, 277, 287, 451 Premenstrual Syndrome, 277, 287, 451 Prenatal, 17, 418, 451 Preoperative, 451 Presynaptic, 439, 441, 442, 451, 466 Presynaptic Terminals, 441, 451 Prevalence, 353, 452 Primary endpoint, 20, 21, 452 Progression, 397, 452 Progressive, 399, 406, 408, 414, 416, 425, 439, 440, 444, 449, 452 Projection, 443, 444, 452, 456, 471 Prolapse, 276, 452 Proline, 409, 428, 452 Prone, 270, 452 Pro-Opiomelanocortin, 444, 452 Prophylaxis, 250, 262, 422, 452 Proportional, 16, 452 Propranolol, 23, 452 Prospective study, 452 Prostaglandin, 452, 468 Prostaglandins A, 452, 453 Prostate, 12, 280, 287, 408, 453 Prostate gland, 408, 453 Prostatitis, 287, 453 Protease, 409, 453 Protein C, 274, 395, 396, 398, 434, 453 Protein S, 347, 402, 453 Proteins, 396, 398, 407, 409, 412, 413, 427, 438, 443, 446, 449, 453, 456, 461 Proteolytic, 395, 409, 453 Protocol, 11, 23, 352, 353, 453 Proximal, 325, 416, 451, 453, 460 Pruritus, 238, 268, 415, 441, 453 Pruritus Vulvae, 453 Pseudobulbar Palsy, 453 Pseudotumor Cerebri, 432, 453 Psoas Abscess, 454 Psychiatric, 19, 257, 437, 454 Psychiatry, 11, 16, 19, 26, 315, 422, 454 Psychic, 437, 441, 442, 454, 460 Psychoactive, 454, 473 Psychogenic, 398, 441, 454, 470 Psychology, 16, 296, 339, 344, 454 Psychomotor, 404, 441, 454 Psychopharmacology, 19, 454 Psychosis, 454 Psychosomatic, 454 Psychosomatic Medicine, 454 Psychotherapy, 26, 454

Index 485

Public Policy, 371, 454 Publishing, 8, 32, 256, 454 Puerperium, 443, 454 Pulmonary, 13, 287, 318, 395, 402, 411, 428, 434, 454, 455, 457, 467, 471 Pulmonary Artery, 402, 454, 471 Pulmonary Ventilation, 428, 455, 457 Pulse, 326, 327, 329, 331, 348, 364, 439, 455 Purulent, 393, 455 Q Qi Gong, 455 R Radial Artery, 455 Radiation therapy, 364, 394, 421, 431, 432, 455, 473 Radiculopathy, 455, 459 Radioactive, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 443, 455, 466, 470, 473 Radioimmunotherapy, 455 Radiolabeled, 432, 455, 473 Radiopharmaceutical, 424, 455 Radiotherapy, 17, 246, 403, 432, 455, 473 Radius, 455 Rage, 447, 455 Random Allocation, 455, 456 Randomization, 20, 21, 29, 456 Randomized, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 24, 26, 29, 32, 33, 238, 239, 247, 248, 250, 251, 255, 258, 259, 262, 263, 265, 269, 270, 276, 308, 309, 310, 312, 314, 315, 320, 417, 456 Randomized clinical trial, 12, 14, 309, 456 Randomized Controlled Trials, 4, 20, 21, 262, 270, 456 Raphe Nuclei, 263, 456 Reality Testing, 454, 456 Receptor, 27, 265, 398, 414, 416, 420, 443, 456, 461 Receptors, Serotonin, 456, 461 Recidivist, 456 Rectum, 276, 398, 402, 409, 414, 415, 422, 423, 430, 433, 453, 456 Recurrence, 318, 402, 436, 456 Red Nucleus, 400, 456, 471 Refer, 1, 409, 416, 422, 426, 434, 440, 441, 442, 454, 455, 456, 462, 469 Refraction, 456, 463 Refractory, 252, 318, 457 Regeneration, 457 Regimen, 317, 417, 448, 449, 457 Regression Analysis, 31, 457 Relapse, 11, 352, 456, 457 Relaxation Techniques, 321, 457 Reliability, 457 Remission, 353, 402, 436, 456, 457 Renin, 397, 457

Reproduction Techniques, 451, 457 Research Design, 11, 457 Research Support, 17, 457 Resorption, 427, 444, 457 Respiration, 404, 438, 457, 458 Respiratory Burst, 251, 262, 457 Respiratory System, 439, 457, 471 Response rate, 18, 457 Restoration, 364, 449, 457, 458, 473 Resuscitation, 458 Reticular, 31, 458 Retina, 400, 410, 433, 444, 458, 459 Retinal, 241, 276, 444, 458, 459, 473 Retinal Vein, 241, 276, 458 Retinitis, 458 Retinol, 458, 459 Retinopathy, 458 Retinosis, 458 Retroperitoneal, 394, 458 Retrospective, 19, 249, 268, 458 Retrospective study, 249, 458 Rheology, 458 Rheumatic Diseases, 254, 458 Rheumatism, 458 Rheumatoid, 4, 238, 276, 376, 458 Rheumatoid arthritis, 4, 238, 276, 458 Rhinitis, 287, 458 Rhodopsin, 444, 458, 459 Rigidity, 326, 432, 449, 459 Risk factor, 353, 435, 452, 459 Rod, 325, 326, 459 Rotator, 459 Rotator Cuff, 459 S Sagittal, 18, 459 Saliva, 311, 364, 459 Salivary, 9, 311, 364, 413, 415, 421, 445, 459, 461, 473 Salivary glands, 364, 413, 415, 421, 459, 461 Sanitation, 400, 459 Sarcoma, 372, 373, 459 Satellite, 353, 459 Scatter, 448, 459 Schizoid, 459, 473 Schizophrenia, 31, 344, 417, 459, 471, 473 Schizotypal Personality Disorder, 459, 473 Sciatic Nerve, 459, 468 Sciatica, 459 Sclerosis, 285, 399, 431, 460 Screening, 20, 21, 296, 353, 408, 460 Sebaceous, 414, 432, 460 Sebaceous gland, 414, 432, 460 Second Messenger Systems, 460 Secretion, 395, 427, 431, 433, 438, 439, 460, 461 Sedative, 396, 415, 420, 438, 460

486 Acupuncture

Segmental, 29, 460, 463 Segmentation, 460 Seizures, 8, 404, 446, 448, 460, 464 Selective estrogen receptor modulator, 460, 466 Self Care, 460 Semen, 417, 453, 460 Semisynthetic, 396, 460 Senescence, 261, 460 Senile, 241, 271, 445, 460 Sensibility, 396, 428, 460 Sensor, 326, 331, 460 Sensory Thresholds, 460 Sepsis, 318, 460 Septal, 397, 434, 436, 460, 461 Septal Nuclei, 397, 434, 436, 461 Sequela, 33, 461 Serologic, 353, 461 Serology, 353, 461 Serotonin, 12, 396, 442, 443, 448, 456, 461, 465, 470 Serous, 419, 461 Serum, 395, 396, 409, 412, 435, 461 Shock, 288, 461, 469 Shoulder Pain, 14, 270, 461 Sicca, 272, 461 Signal Transduction, 461 Signs and Symptoms, 457, 461 Sinusitis, 318, 461 Skeletal, 15, 20, 308, 412, 439, 462 Skeleton, 433, 452, 462, 468 Skull, 412, 432, 462, 467 Small intestine, 408, 416, 427, 429, 430, 431, 462, 472 Smoking Cessation, 249, 258, 358, 462 Smooth muscle, 396, 410, 427, 439, 462, 465 Social Environment, 455, 462 Social Security, 456, 462 Sodium, 417, 462 Soft tissue, 251, 313, 315, 402, 462 Soft Tissue Injuries, 462 Solitary Nucleus, 400, 462 Somatostatin, 462 Somnambulism, 462 Sound wave, 410, 462 Spasm, 328, 332, 397, 426, 462, 463 Spasmodic, 463 Spastic, 264, 288, 321, 432, 463 Spasticity, 321, 463 Spatial disorientation, 416, 463 Specialist, 383, 415, 463 Species, 303, 401, 404, 406, 419, 427, 438, 439, 463, 465, 470, 472, 473 Spectrum, 438, 463 Sperm, 408, 463 Sperm Count, 463

Sphincter, 433, 463 Spinal Cord Diseases, 426, 445, 463 Spinal Cord Injuries, 260, 455, 463 Spinal Nerve Roots, 450, 455, 459, 463 Spinal Nerves, 447, 463 Spinal Stenosis, 259, 463 Spinous, 419, 433, 463 Spleen, 413, 435, 463 Splint, 463 Spontaneous Abortion, 288, 451, 464 Sprains and Strains, 288, 435, 464 Standardize, 32, 464 Statistically significant, 31, 464 Status Epilepticus, 464 Stem cell transplantation, 262, 309, 464 Stem Cells, 464 Sterility, 271, 413, 430, 464 Sterilization, 379, 464 Steroid, 33, 271, 412, 464 Stillbirth, 451, 464 Stimulant, 427, 464 Stomach, 23, 288, 393, 405, 415, 420, 423, 427, 440, 447, 462, 463, 464 Stool, 11, 409, 430, 432, 433, 464 Stridor, 464 Stromal, 418, 464 Subacute, 430, 461, 464 Subarachnoid, 425, 431, 465 Subclinical, 430, 460, 465 Subcutaneous, 20, 239, 271, 317, 417, 425, 443, 445, 465 Subiculum, 427, 465 Subspecies, 463, 465 Substance P, 460, 465 Substrate, 28, 465 Suction, 4, 465 Sudden death, 465 Sumatriptan, 255, 465 Superoxide, 457, 465 Supplementation, 395, 465 Support group, 355, 465 Supportive care, 465 Suppression, 465 Suppurative, 465 Supraorbital, 465 Sympathetic Nervous System, 400, 465 Sympathomimetic, 416, 419, 443, 465 Symphysis, 407, 453, 465 Symptomatic, 26, 33, 466 Symptomatic treatment, 33, 466 Symptomatology, 17, 466 Synapses, 441, 466 Synaptic, 439, 442, 461, 466 Synaptic Transmission, 442, 466 Synergistic, 315, 466

Index 487

Systemic, 289, 364, 398, 402, 419, 426, 430, 432, 443, 451, 455, 466, 473 Systemic lupus erythematosus, 364, 466 T Talus, 397, 466, 468 Tamoxifen, 460, 466 Tamponade, 466 Tear Gases, 432, 466 Technetium, 466 Telencephalon, 401, 406, 466 Telomere, 425, 466 Temporal, 27, 396, 425, 427, 467 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome, 412, 467 Tendinitis, 289, 467 Tendon, 423, 463, 467 Tennis Elbow, 6, 251, 260, 361, 467 Thalamus, 403, 415, 420, 434, 467 Thermal, 23, 27, 331, 442, 467 Thermography, 272, 467 Thigh, 421, 424, 467 Third Ventricle, 420, 429, 467 Thoracic, 401, 402, 415, 435, 436, 467, 473 Thoracic Surgery, 467 Thorax, 393, 435, 467, 471 Threshold, 274, 349, 420, 428, 467 Thrombin, 449, 453, 467 Thrombomodulin, 453, 467 Thrombophlebitis, 467 Thrombosis, 401, 431, 453, 464, 467 Thromboxanes, 399, 467 Thrombus, 412, 430, 432, 440, 449, 467, 468 Thyroid, 289, 404, 428, 468 Thyroid Gland, 428, 468 Thyroxine, 395, 448, 468 Tibia, 397, 422, 468 Tibial Nerve, 459, 468 Tidal Volume, 428, 468 Tin, 345, 347, 405, 447, 449, 468 Tinnitus, 289, 453, 468, 472 Tolerance, 16, 403, 424, 468 Tomography, 15, 18, 256, 468 Tone, 23, 443, 463, 468 Tonic, 372, 468 Tonus, 447, 468 Toothache, 469 Topical, 354, 469 Torticollis, 469 Toxic, v, 400, 413, 442, 469 Toxicity, 13, 416, 469 Toxicology, 372, 469 Toxin, 258, 372, 468, 469 Trace element, 407, 468, 469 Trachea, 403, 421, 433, 464, 468, 469 Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation, 469

Transduction, 461, 469 Transfection, 402, 469 Transfusion, 469 Translation, 396, 469 Transmitter, 393, 400, 416, 432, 436, 443, 466, 469, 472 Trauma, 8, 312, 440, 469 Treatment Outcome, 469 Trigeminal, 421, 436, 469, 470 Trigeminal Nerve, 470 Tryptophan, 263, 409, 461, 470 Tryptophan Hydroxylase, 263, 470 Tuberculosis, 411, 435, 470 U Ulcer, 286, 290, 416, 470, 471 Ulcerative colitis, 470 Unconscious, 400, 429, 470 Uncontrolled study, 13, 470 Uranium, 466, 470 Ureters, 433, 470 Urethra, 446, 453, 470 Uric, 470 Urinary, 247, 254, 277, 290, 358, 364, 404, 413, 419, 427, 430, 470 Urinary Retention, 470 Urinary tract, 247, 254, 277, 470 Urinary tract infection, 254, 277, 470 Urinate, 470 Urine, 353, 364, 398, 402, 412, 416, 419, 425, 430, 433, 470 Urodynamic, 470 Urticaria, 470 Uterus, 266, 393, 407, 418, 422, 423, 429, 437, 445, 466, 471 V Vaccine, 394, 453, 471 Vagal, 23, 471 Vagina, 407, 429, 437, 466, 471 Vagotomy, 23, 471 Vagus Nerve, 462, 471 Varicose, 290, 471 Varicose vein, 471 Vasoactive, 471 Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, 471 Vasoconstriction, 15, 419, 471 Vasodilator, 403, 404, 416, 427, 471 Vasomotor, 471 VE, 471 Vein, 397, 399, 432, 443, 458, 459, 467, 471 Venom, 471 Venous, 399, 401, 405, 406, 443, 453, 471 Venous blood, 406, 471 Venter, 471 Ventral, 22, 267, 328, 329, 429, 443, 450, 463, 471 Ventral Tegmental Area, 267, 471

488 Acupuncture

Ventricle, 396, 427, 443, 455, 467, 471, 472 Ventricular, 427, 472 Ventricular Function, 472 Venules, 402, 438, 472 Verruca, 472 Vertebrae, 431, 454, 463, 472 Vertebral, 239, 259, 449, 472 Vertigo, 240, 290, 422, 472 Vesicular, 426, 472 Vestibulocochlear Nerve, 468, 472 Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases, 468, 472 Veterinary Medicine, 371, 472 Video Recording, 351, 472 Villi, 427, 472 Viral, 280, 283, 334, 352, 418, 450, 469, 472 Virulence, 400, 469, 472 Virus, 3, 282, 312, 333, 352, 353, 354, 378, 393, 406, 469, 472, 473 Viscera, 462, 472 Visceral, 15, 22, 267, 290, 412, 424, 434, 471, 472 Viscosity, 458, 472 Visual Acuity, 473

Visual Cortex, 18, 253, 473 Vital Capacity, 473 Vital force, 372, 473 Vitro, 473 Vivo, 435, 473 Volition, 432, 473 W Wart, 473 White blood cell, 397, 433, 434, 435, 439, 442, 473 Windpipe, 468, 473 Winged scapula, 14, 473 Withdrawal, 23, 250, 272, 437, 473 Womb, 471, 473 Wound Healing, 473 X Xenograft, 397, 473 Xerostomia, 9, 246, 359, 364, 433, 473 X-ray, 317, 411, 423, 432, 443, 455, 473 X-ray therapy, 432, 473 Z Zoster, 473 Zymogen, 453, 473

Index 489

490 Acupuncture

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