State Frontiers: Borders and Boundaries in the Middle East (Culture and Society in Western and Central Asia)

IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Edited by lnga Brandell

State Frontiers

State Frontiers Borders and Boundaries in the Middle East

I I.B. T A U R I S 1

L O N P O N . NEW * O R I , I

Published in 2006 by I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 www.ibtauris.com In the United States of America and Canada distributed by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of St. Martin's Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Published in association with the Swedish Research Council Copyright 63 2006 Inga Brandell The right of Inga Brandell to be identified as editor of thls work has been asserted by the edltor in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Culture and Society in Western and Central Asia 5 ISBN 1 84511 076 5 EAN9781845110765 A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library A full CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Library of Congress catalog card: available Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall from camera-ready copy edited and supplied by the editor.

Lzst ofMaps Acknowledgements 1 INTRODUCTION Inga Brundell

I

BORDERSAND BOUNDARIES - PRACTICESAND TRANSGRESSIONS

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DIVIDING PASTAND PRESENT: THE'GREENLINE'IN CYPRUS1974-2003 Etienne Copeaux and Claire Mauss-Copeaux

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TRADE ACROSS BORDERS:VIEWSFROM ALEPPO Annika Rabo

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MANAGINGIDENTITIES AMONG EXPATRIATE BUSINESSMEN ACROSS 'I'HE SYRIAN-LEBANESE BOUNDARY

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Eli~abethPicard 5

DEFENDING THROUGH VIOLATION: ANKARA'SCONTRADICTORY STRATEGIESOVER THE

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TURKISH-IRAQI BORDER

A s u hndgren

- DISCOURSES AND DIFFERENCE 11 BORDERSAND BOUNDARIES 6

TRACING THE BOUNDARIES: FROMCOLONIALDREAM TO NA'I'IONALPROPAGANDA Tety h o k e

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HATAY JOINSTHE MOTHERLAND Roberta Micalltf

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THEOCTOBER1998 TURKISH-SYRIAN CRISISIN ARABMEDIA 159 Emma J0mm

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IN SEARCHOF DRACULA, OR CUI~TURES IN DWLOGUE Lars Klebellg

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10 WHOSEBORDERS? AND THEORETICAL AFTERTHOUGI-ITS SOMEEMPIRICAL Inga B randell

199

Bibliograph_y Notes on Contm'butors Index

Map 1 Map 2 Map 3 Map 4 Map 5 Map 6

Map of the area Cyprus La Syrie franqaise Syria and Mesopotamia Syria's 'stolen areas' Hatay/liwa Iskandafina

The research presented in this volume has grown out of a project, 'Borders, boundaries and transgression', which was part of a larger research programme on West and Central Asia launched and funded by the Swedsh Research Council from 1998 unttl 2002. Elizabeth Picard, the social anthropologst Seteney Shami, Social Science Research Council in New York, and the British historian Peter Sluglett made up a small reference group and participated with the members of the research project - most of the authors in this volume - in the first workshops. They also took part in the international conference organised in Fall 2000 in Uppsala, where many other researchers presented already published work or work under way. Among them the French historian Daniel Nordrnan, author of the huge Fmntie'res de France, the Swedsh geographers Gunnar Olsson and Thomas Lundin, both engaged for a long time on the issues of boundaries, territories and mapping. Erik Borg put forward a comprehensive approach to confhcts over borders in the Arab world. Also present at the conference was Nelida Fuccaro, whose work on the Yazid Kurds in Iraq provided much inspiration, as did the research on the I