Plastics additives: an industrial guide

PLASTICS ADDITIVES AN INDUSTRIAL GUIDE Third Edition

Volume II

by

Ernest W. Flick

bl

NOYES PUBLICATIONS WILLIAM ANDREW PUBLISHING Norwich, New York, U.S.A.

Copyright Q 2002 by William Andrew Publishing No part of this book may bc reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, cleetronie or mcchanieal, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval systcm, without permission in writing from the Publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2001088672 ISBN: 0-8155-1472-7 (V.2) Printed in the United States Published in the United Statcs of Amcrica by Noyes Publications / William Andrew Publishing I 3 Eaton Avenue Norwich, New York, 13815 1-800-932-7045 www.williamandrcw.com www .knovel.com 1098765432 I

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Flick, Erncst W. Plastics additives: an industrial guide / by Ernest W Flick. -3rd ed. p . cin. Includes index. ISBN 0-8155-1472-7 I . Plastics--Additives. I . Title. TPI 142.F58 2002 668.4'1 I--dc20 2001088672 CIP ISBN: 0-8155-1464-6 (V.1) ISBN: 0-8155-1472-7 ( V . 2 )

To Spencer Taylor

NOTICE To the best of our knowledge the information in this publication is accurate; however, the Publisher does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of, or consequencesarising from, such information. This industrial guide does not purport to contain detailed user instructions, and by its range and scope could not possibly do so. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the Publisher.

In some cases plastics additives could be toxic, and therefore due caution should be exercised. Final determination ofthe suitability ofany information or product for use contemplated by any user, and the manner of that use, is the sole responsibility of the user. We strongly recommend that users seek and adhere to amanufacturer’s or supplier’s current instructions for handling each material they use. The Author and Publisher have used their best efforts to include only the most recent data available. The reader is cautioned to consult the supplier in case of questions regarding current availability.

Preface

The Third Edition of this useful book is divided into three volumes. Volume I1 describes almost 1,400plastics additives which are currently available to industry. It is the result of information received from 74 industrial companies and other organizations. The data represents selections from manufacturers’ descriptions made at no cost to, nor influence from, the makers or distributors of these materials. Only the most recent information has been included. It is believed that all of the products listed here are currently available, which will be of utmost interest to readers concerned with product discontinuances. Plastics additives, a complex and growing group of minerals and chemical derivatives, account for 15 to 20%by weight ofthe total volume of plastic products marketed. They are produced by a large number of companies for a wide variety of customers and needs. Growth of the use of these additives, which impart one or more desirable properties to resins, is relatively strong, about 3.5 to 4% per year. Environmental constraints, however, have imposed rigorous performance requirements on many products, thus placing added expenses on the development costs of these materials. Plastics additives are divided into logical sections in three volumes. Volume I: I. Adhesion Promoters 11. Anti-Fogging Agents

vii

viii Preface

111. IV. V. VI. VII.

Antioxidants Anti-Static Agents AntibacteriaIs/Fungicides/Mildewcides Bonding, Blowing and Foaming Agents Dispersants

VIII. Fillers and Extenders 1X. Fire and Flame RetardantdSmoke Suppressants Volume 11: X. Impact Modifiers XI. Initiators XII. Lubricants XIII. Micas XIV. Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes XV. Plasticizers and Esters XVI. Processing Aids XVII. Release Agents XVIII. Silanes, Titanates, and Zirconates XIX. Slip and Anti-Blocking Agents Volume 111: XX. Stabilizers XXI. Stearates XXII. UV Absorbers XXIII. Viscosity Regulators XXIV. Waxes XXV. Miscellaneous and Multipurpose Compounds The Table of Contents of each volume is organized to also serve as a subject index. Each raw material is located in the section which is most applicable. The reader seeking a specific raw material should check each section which could possibly apply. In addition to the

Preface

ix

above, two further sections are included in each volume: a list of Suppliers’ Addresses and a Trade Name Index. These will be extremely helpful to the reader. The following information is supplied for each product, as available, in the manufacturer’s own words: Company name and product category. Trade names and product numbers. Product description: a description of the product’s main features, as described by the supplier. The three volumes of this book will be of value to technical and managerial personnel involved in the preparation of products made with these plastics additives as well as to the suppliers ofthe basic raw materials. My fullest appreciation is expressed to the companies and organizations who supplied the data included in this book. March, 2001

Ernest W. Flick

Contents and Subject Index SECTION X: IMPACT MODIFIERS

................................................................................. MitsubishiRayonAmerica Inc.................................................................... METABLENImpact Modifiers .............................................................. RohmandHaasCo.......................................................................................

AtofinaChemicalsInc

DURASTRENGTHHighEffkiencyImpact Modifiers ...........................

3 3

5 5

8 MBS and Acrylic Impact Modifiers and Specialty Additives ............... 8 Product Range ............................................................................... 8

SECTION XI: INITIATORS

........................................................... ..............................................................................................

Aztec Peroxides.Inc.Laporte.PIC. Catalysts & Initiators ......................................................................... SartomerCo ESACUREPhotoinitiators ................................................................... Photosensitizer/Coinitiators................................................................ SARCAT Cationic Photoinitiators ...................................................... WitcoCorp Additives for Vinyl ............................................................................. Organic Peroxides .......................................................................

................................................................................................

11 11 26 26 28 29 30 30 30

SECTION MI: LUBRICANTS

..................................................................................... .................................................

Acme-Hardesty Co JENKINOL Lubricants for Plastics ...................................................... Axel PlasticsResearchLaboratories.Inc MOLDWIZ Pultrusion Internal Lubricants .........................................

xi

33 33 38

38

xii

Contents

Chemax.Inc............................................................................................... CHEMSTAT Lubricants ..................................................................... LonzaInc GLYCOLUBELubricants ....... Morton PlasticsAdditives LUBRIOL Lubricants .......................................................................... ......... ....... .........

..................................................................................................

39 39 40

...........

42 44 45 45 45

.......................................................................

PENRECOPetrolatums ........................................................................ For Plastics & Elastomers .......... White Mineral Oils .............................................................................. For Plastics & Elastomers ............................................................ WitcoCorp Lubricants for PVC ..............................................................................

................................................................................................

46

46 47 47

SECTION XIII: MICAS FranklinIndustrial Minerals .................................................................... Mica and its Function in Plastic Composites ................ Muscovite Mica Products ............................................ Muscovite Mica for Plastics Applications .......................................... Hawickstandard DistributionCorp ...... ..................... Dry Ground Mica ......... IntercorpLnc Mica-Wet Ground-KEMOLITGS (PartialGrade Listing) ..................... Mica-Surface Modified Wet Ground-Fillex SD (Partial Grade Listing) .................................................................. Pacer Technology,Inc MICAFLEXR200 ......... ......................

........................................................ .............................................................................................. ...............................................................................

51 51 52 54 55 55 56 56

56 57

57

SECTION XIV: PIGMENTS. COLORANTS. AND DYES

................................................................................................ ................................................................................................

AkzoNobel KETJENBLACK ConductiveCarbon Blacks ....................................... BASFCorp ............................................. Dyes for Plastics ....

.................................................................................................

61 61 62 62 62 66

.....................

69

.........................................

71

sUDAN/Luh40

CabotCorp CABOT Special Blacks for PI FDA-Compliant Carbon Blacks For Indirect Food Contact Applications ClariantCorp GRAPHTOL Pigments for P1 PV Fast Pigments for Plastics

.............................

ST ........................................

Contents

...................................................................................

Day-GloColorCorp DAY-GLO Pigments for Plastics .......................................................... DAZZLECOLORS .............................................................................. Degussa Corp Carbon Blacks ..................................................................................... Pigment Black Preparations for Plastics .............................................. D J Enterprises,Inc SyntheticCarbon-910-44M ................................................................. EckartAmerica FLONAC Pearlescent Pigments .......................................................... Metallic Pigments for Plastics ............................................................. EMIndustries.Inc AFFLAIRGold Pearl Lustre Pigments ................................................. AFFLAIREarthtone Pearl Lustre Pigments ......................................... AFFLAIR Interference Pearl Lustre Pigments ............... AFFLAIR Silver White Pearl Lustre Pigments .............. EngelhardCorp HARSHAW METEOR and METEOR PLUS for High Performance Applications ............... MEARLINDYNACOLORPigments................ MEARLINHI-LITEInterference Colors .............................................. MEARLIN Micro Pearl Pigments ........................................................ MEARLIN "Non.Metallic. "Metallic Colors ........................................ MEARLIN White Pearlescents ........................................................... HeucoteehLtd HEUCO Organic Pigments ..................................................................

............................................................................................

..

................................................................................ ......................................................................................... .....................................................................................

.........................................................................................

............................................................................................

xiii 73

74 75 75

80 82 82 83 83 84 87 87 87

90

92 93

W %

98 98 HEUCOPHOSAnticorrosivePigments ............................................. 100 Orthophosphate ........................................................................ 100 Polyphosphate ........................................................................... 101 HEUCOROX SyntheticIron Oxide Micronized Grades ...................... 102 HEUCOROX SyntheticIron Oxide Non-MicronizedGrades .............. 103 Ishihara SangyoKaisha. Ltd 104 TIPAQUE TitaniumDioxide in Chloride Process ............................... 104 TIPAQUE TitaniumDioxide in Sulphate Process .............................. 105 TIPAQUETitaniumYellow ............................................................... 106 KemiraPigments.Inc 107 KEMIRA460 RutileTitaniumDioxide ............................................... 107 KEMIRA470 RutileTitaniumDioxide ...................................... 108 KEMIRA 630 RutileTitaniumDioxide ..................... .... 109 Kerr.McGeeChemicalCorp 110 TRONOX CR-834 Chloride Process Titanium Dioxide ....................... 110 Kronos Inc 111 KRONOS TitaniuinDioxide Pigmentsin Plastics-Properties ............. 111 Millenium InorganicChemicals 113 TIONA TitaniumDioxide Pigments for Plastics ................................ 113 Sun ChemicalCorp 115 Pigments Recommended for Plastic & Rubber .................................. 115

...................................................................

..............................................................................

................................................................... ...............................................................................................

............................................................. .................................................................................

xiv

Contents

SECTION XV: PLASTICIZERS AND ESTERS

................................................................................... ........................... . ................................................................

12 1 Akcros Chemicals LANKROFLEXEpoxy Plasticizers . BP Amoco Chemicals AMOCO Polybutenes ................................................................ 122 AristechChemical Corp. 125 ARISTECH Plasticizer ........................................ 125 Arizona Chemical Co. ............................................................................. 13 1 UNIFLEXMonomeric Plasticizers ....... ............... ... 131 UNIFLEXPolymericPlasticizers .......... .................................... 132 BASFCorp. 133 PALATINOL Plasticizers ............................................... PALATINOL/PLASTOMOLL Plasticizers .................... ExxonMobilChemicalCo. 138 JAYFLEXPlasticizers........................................................................ 138 HarwickStandardDistributionCorp. 14 1 Plasticizers ........................................ InspecUKLtd. BISOFLEXPlasticizers ...................................................................... 152 CKWitcoCorp. ....................................................................................... 157 DRAPEX Epoxy Plasticizers ................. ..................... 157 Morflex,Inc. CITROFLEXCitric Acid Esters ......................................................... 159 MORFLEXPlasticizers .......................................... 161 BFGoodrichKalamaJnc. 163 K-FLEXDE, DP, and500 ................... Hatco HATCOL Plasticizer Products List .... ..................... 164 InolexChemicalCo. 165 LEXOLUBEEsters . ............................................... 166 Rit-Chem Co., Inc. RIT-CIZER#8 Liquid Plasticizer ................................... N-Ethylo/pToluenesulfonamide ............................................... 166 Solutia, Inc 167 Plasticizers .......................................... HarwickStandar ionCorp.:Dover Chemical PAROIL AND CHLOROFLOLiquidchlorinated Pa UnitexChernicalCorp. 174 UNIPLEXPlasticizers ........................................................................ 174 Witco Gorp. 185 Additives for Vinyl .............................. ..................... 18.5 Plasticizers ...................................................................... 185

.............................................................................................

........................................................................ ..................................................... .........................................

...............................................

............................................................... ......... ........................................................ ...........................................,..................,.................. ........ ....................................................................

...............................................................................................

............................................................................ .............................................................................................

Contents

xv

SECTION XVI: PROCESSING AIDS

..................................................................................

BYK-Chemie. USA 189 Anti-Separation Additives .................................. .... 189 BYK.S740. BYK-S750 ......................................................... 190 BYK Styrene Emission Suppressants for Unsaturated Polyester.. DCPD- and Vinyl Ester Resins ......... 190 CrodaOleochemicals 191 CRODAMIDE Polymer Processing Additives .................................. 191 DowChemicalCo 193 Dow Industrial E-Series Polyglycols ................................................. 193 Dow Corning 195 DOW CORNINGMB40-006Masterbatch......................................... 195 DyneonLLC 196 DYNAMAR Polymer Processing Additive ....................................... 1% EeonyxCorp 197 EEONOMER Conductive Additives .................................................. 197 ElmGroveIndustries.1nc 199 E/Z PURGE High Performance Purging Compound 3 Levels ofpurging Excellence ........................ LonzaGroup 200 ACRAWAX C Lubricant and Processing Aid .................................. 200 MitsubishiRayonCo.,Ltd 201 METABLEN Processing Aids .......................................................... 201 Tego ChemieServiceGmbH 203 TEGO Glide & Flow Surface Control Additives TEGO Rad Reactive Surface Control Additive WitcoCorp 206 Additives for Polyolefins .................................................................. 206 LubricatiodProcessing Aids ...... .................................

..............................................................................

.................................................................................... ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................. ........................................................................

............................................................................................ ....................................................................... ...................................................................

.............................................................................................. SECTION XVII: RELEASE AGENTS

................................................

Axel Plastics Research Laboratories Inc 209 AXEL MOLDWIZComposite Molding ............................................ 209 Mold Releases and Internal Lubricants ..................................... 209 Polyurethane Mold Releases and Internal L.ubricants ............... 210 XTEND Semi-Pennanent Mold Releases ........................................... 21 1

xvi

Contents

.................................................................................. ................................................................................................ ..............................................................................................

Slide Products. Inc Mold Releases .................................................................................. StonerInc Mold Releases .................................................................................. WitcoCorp Additives for Polyolefins .................................................................. Mold Release Agents ................................................................

213

213 217

217 218

218 218

SECTION XVIII: SILANES. TITANATES AND ZIRCONATES

........................................................................

Genessee Polymers Corp Silanes............................................................................................... KenrichPetrochemicalsJnc Chelate Titanate Coupling Agent ..................................................... A. B Ethylene Chelate Type ....................................................... Oxyacetate Chelate Type ........................................................... Coordinate Titanate and Zirconate Coupling Agents ....................... Cycloheteroatom Titanate and Zirconate Coupling Agents .............. Monoalkoxy Titanate Coupling Agents ........................... Neoalkoxy Titanate Coupling Agents ........................... Neoalkoxy Zirconate Coupling Agents ............................................. Quat Titanate and Zirconate Coupling Agents .................................

...................................................................

221

221 222

222 222 223 224 225 230 232

SECTION MX:SLIP AND ANTI-BLOCKING AGENTS

...................................................................... ............................................................................................. .............................................................................................

Akzo Nobel Chemicals Inc

ARMOSLLP Slip and Antibloclung Additives ................................... Chemax,Inc CHEMSTATSlip Agents .................................................................. Degussa AG SIPERNAT44 Antiblocking Agent for Foils Especially. PolyethyleneFoil ..................................................... Luzenac America,Inc Talc as an Antiblock Additive .......................................................... WitcoCorp Additives for Polyolefins .................................................................. Slip and Antiblock Agents ........................................................

.............................................................................. ..............................................................................................

237 237 238

238 239

239 240

240 241

241 241

...........................................................................

243

SUPPLIERSADDRESSES .....................................................................

249

TRADE NAME INDEX

Impact Modifiers

Atofina Chemicals Inc.: DURASTRENGTH Aiah Efficiencv IllDaCt nodifiers: Durastrenqth 200: Main Features: excellent impact excellent processing good weatherability Applications: siding substrate siding capstock (medium to high gloss) profile (high gloss) specialty pipe injection molding foam profiles flexible applications Chemical Description: modified acrylic impact modifier TSCA Listed: yes FDA Approval: CFR 178.3790 NSF Approval: D W only DSL Listing: yes European Approvals: Food approved in EEC for food contact in any form Japanese Approvals: Japanese Positive List Form: white powder Specific Gravity: 1.09 Bulk Density: 0 . 4 9 g/cc Duraetrength 200L: Main Features: excellent impact low gloss good weatherability Applications: siding capstock (low gloss) siding substrate profile (low gloss/reversion) Chemical Description: modified acrylic impact modifier TSCA Listed: yes FDA Approval: CFR 178.3790 NSF Approval: no DSL Listing: yes European Approvals: Food approved in EEC for food contact in any form Japanese Approvals: Japanese Positive List Form: white powder Specific Gravity: 1.09 Bilk Density: 0 . 5 4 g/cc

3

4

Plastics Additives

Atofina Chemicals, Inc.: PURASTRENGTH Hiqh Efficiency Imuact

Modifiers (Continued): Duraetrength 3005 Main Features: high performance designed for lead stabilized systems good weatherability Applications: profile (esp. Pb stabilized) injection molding Chemical Description: modified acrylic impact modifier TSCA Listed: yes FDA Approval: CFR 178.3790 NSF Approval: no DSL Listing: yes European Approvals: Food approved in EEC for food contact in any form Japanese Approvals: Japanese Positive List Form: white powder Specific Gravity: 1.09 Bulk Density: 0 . 4 8 g/cc Durastrength 500 Series: Main Features: excellent impact tailored processability good weatherability Applications: various Chemical Description: advanced acrylic modifiers TSCA Listed: yes FDA Approval: product specific NSF Approval: product specific DSL Listing: product specific European Approvals: product specific Japanese Approvals: product specific Form: white powder Specific Gravity: product specific Bulk Density: product specific

lmpact Modifiers

5

Mitsubishi Ravon America Inc.: NBTABLEX I l w c t Modifiers: C-type: Impact Modifier (MBS) c-102 C-132 (crease-whitening resistant type) C-140A (crease-whitening resistant type) C-320 C-201 C-201A C-202 C-350 C-301 C-223A (Opaque type) C-323A (Opaque type for profile extrusion) S-type: Silicone-acrylic weatherable impact modifier s-2001 SRK-200 (High impact-resistance type for engineering plastics)

W-type: Acrylic weatherable impact modifier W-300A (High transparent type) AA>A>B>C c-102: Izod Impact Strength: AA-A Failing Weight Impact Strength: AA-A Transparency: AA Crease whitening resistance: AA Hot water whitening resistance: AA Main applications: Sheets, bottles, general purpose C-132 : Izod impact strength: B Failing weight impact strength: A-B Transparency: AAA Crease whitening resistance: AAA Hot water whitening resistance: AAA Main applications: Films, sheets, high transparency and less crease whitening C-14OA: Izod impact strength: A-B Failing weight impact strength: A Transparency: AAA-AA Crease whitening resistance: AAA-AA Hot water whitening resistance: AA Main applications: Films, sheets, high transparency and less crease whitening c-320: Izod impact strength: AA Failing weight impact strength: AA Transparency: AAA-AA Crease whitening resistance: AA-A Hot water whitening resistance: AA Uain applications: Sheets, bottles, general purpose

6

Plastics Additives

Mitsubishi Ravon America Inc.: MBTABLEN Impact Modifiers /Continued): AA>A>B>C c-201: Izod impact strength: AA Failing weight impact strength: AA Transparency: AA Crease whitening resistance: A Hot water whitening resistance: AA Main applications: Sheets, bottles, general purpose C-201A: Izod impact strength: AA Failing weight impact strength: AA Transparency: AA Crease whitening resistance: A Hot water whitening resistance: AA Main applications: Sheets, bottles, general purpose c-202: Izod Impact strength: AA Failing weight impact strength: AA Transparency: AA Crease whitening resistance: A Hot water whitening resistance: AA Main applications: Sheets, bottles, general purpose c-350: Izod impact strength: AA Failing weight impact strength: AAA Transparency: AA-A Crease whitening resistance: A-B Hot water whitening resistance: A Main applications: Sheets, bottles, general purpose C-301: Izod impact strength: AA Falling weight impact strength: AAA Transparency: A Crease whitening resistance: A - 8 Hot water whitening resistance: A Main applications: Sheets, bottles, general purpose C-323A: Izod Impact Strength: AA Falling weight impact strength: AAA H o t water whitening resistance: A Main applications: Profile extrusion, injection, opaque

lmpact Modifiers

Mitsubishi Rayon Co.. Ltd.: LContinued):

METABLBN ImZLCt Mod ifiers

AA>A>B>C C-223A:

Izod impact strength: AAA Falling weight impact strength: AA Hot water whitening resistance: A Main applications: Profile extrusion, injection, opaque W-300A:

Izod impact strength: B Falling weight impact strength: B Transparency: AA Crease whitening resistance: A Hot water whitening resistance: A Main applications: Sheets, corrugated sheets, weatherability, transparency 5-2001 : Izod impact strength: AAA-AA Falling weight impact strength: AA Main applications: Profile extrusion, engineering plastics, opaque

SRK200: Izod impact strength: AA Falling weight impact strength: AA Main applications: Engineering plastics, opaque

7

8

Plastics Additives

Rohm and Haas C o . : MBS and Acrylic Impact Modifiers and Specialtv Additives: Product Ranae:

MBS Tougheners: EXL-2691/EXL-3691: Features: Low Temperature Impact Thermal Stability: Fair* Colorability: Excellent EXL-2691A/EXL-3691A: Features: Low Temperature Impact Thermal Stability: Fair* Colorability: Excellent *For improved thermal stability, additional stabilizers must be added to the formulations Acrylic Tougheners: EXL-2330/EXL-3330: Features: Weatherability Thermal Stability: Good Colorability: Fair EXL-2335 : Features: Weatherability Thermal Stabiity: Good Colorability: Good EXL-3361: Features: Weatherability Thermal Stability: Excellent Colorability: Good Specialty Additives: EXL-5136: Features: Weatherablity Thermal Stability: Good Colorability: Fair EXL-5375: Features: Weatherability Thermal Stability: Good Colorability: Fair EXL-8619: Features: Low Temperature Impact Thermal Stability: Excellent Colorability: N/A Clarity: Excellent

Initiators

Aztec Peroxides, Inc.:

Lamorte. Plc: Catalvsts

&

Initiators:

Accelerator A-305: Polyester Curing: Accelerators Dimethyl aniline 10% solution in phthalate Accelerator C-101: Polyester Curing: Accelerators Cobalt octoate Solution in phthalate (1% cobalt) Accelerator CA-12: Polyester Curing: Accelerator Cobalt/Amine Liquid mixture in phthalate Accelerator COB-6: Polyester Curing: Accelerator Cobalt octoate Solution in xylene (6% cobalt) Accelerator COB-10: Polyester Curing: Accelerators Cobalt octoate Solution in xylene (10% cobalt) UP-LA-M2 : Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Acetyl acetone peroxide Liquid mixture, low-activity ~

AAP-LA-M3: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Acetyl acetone peroxide Liquid mixture, low activity AAP-NA-2 : Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Acetyl acetone peroxide Liquid mixture, normal mixture APS : Persulfates Ammonium persulfate (ammonium peroxydisulfate) Technically pure salt BCHPC : Polymerization: Peroxydicarbonates Bis(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate Powder, technically pure

11

12

Plastics Additives

Aztec Peroxides, Inc.: LaPorte. Plc: Catalysts & Initiators [Continued): BCHPC : Polyester Curing: Peroxydicarbonates (50-1OOC) Bis(4-tert.butylcyclohexyl-peroxydicarbonate Powder, technically pure BCHPC-40-SAQ: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di(4-tert.butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate 40% Suspension, aqueous BCHPC-40-SAQ1: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di(4-tert.butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate 40% Aqueous suspension BCHPC-75-W: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Bis(4-tert.butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate 75% Powder, water damped BCUP : Crosslinking: Aryl-Alkylperoxides Tert.-Butyl cumyl peroxide Liquid, techn. pure BCUP-HA-M1: Polyester Curing: Alkyl-Arylperoxide (140-18OC) Tert.Butylcumy1peroxide Liquid mixture, high activity BP- 20-GY : Polyester Curing: Diacyl peroxides (Ambient temperature) Dibenzoyl peroxide 20% Powder with gypsum BP-20-SAQ: Polyester Curing: Diacyl peroxides (Ambient temperature) Dibenzoyl peroxide 20% Aqueous suspension BP-IO-S : Polyester Curing: Diacyl peroxides (Ambient/Elevated temperature) Dibenzoyl peroxide 40% suspension in phthalate

Initiators

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.: IContinuedl :

LaPorte Plc: Catalysts & Initiators

BP-40-SAQ: Dibenzoyl peroxide 40% Aqueous suspension BP-50-FT : Polyester Curing: Diacyl peroxides (Ambient/Elevated temperature) Dibenzoyl peroxide 50% Powder with phthalate BP-50-Pl: Polyester Curing: Diacyl peroxides (Ambient temperature) Dibenzoyl peroxide 50% Paste in phthalate BP-75-W: Polymerisation: Diacyl peroxides Dibenzoyl peroxide 75% Powder, water damped BP-75-W 7: Dibensoyl peroxide Powder, water damped BU-50-AL: Polymerisation: Perketals 2,2-Di(tert.butylperoxy)butane 50% Solution in aliphatics BU-50-WO: Polymerisation: Perketals 2,2-Di(tert-butylperoxy)butane 50%, Solution in white oil CCDFB : Polymerisation: C-C Initiators 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenyl butane Flakes, technically pure CCDFB-90: Polymerisation: C-C Initiators 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenyl butane Flakes, technically pure CCDFH : Polymerisation: Other Initiators 3,4-Dimethyl-3,4-diphenyl hexane Viscous liquid

13

14

Plastics Additives

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.: LaPorte, Plc: Catalysts (Continued): CCPIB: Polymerisation: Other initiators Poly 1,4-diisopropyl benzene Flakes, technically pure CEPC : Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dicetylperoxydicarbonate Flakes, technically pure CEPC-40-SAQ: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dicetylperoxydicarbonate 40% Suspension, aqueous CEPC-40-SAQ1: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dicetylperoxydicarbonate 408, Aqueous suspension CEPC-50-SAQ1: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dicetylperoxydicarbonate 508, Aqueous suspension CH-25- WO : Polymerisation: Perketals 1,2-Di(tert.butylperoxy)cyclohexane 25% Solution in white oil CH-50-AL: Polymerisation: Perketals 1,l-Di(tert.-buty1peroxy)cyclohexane 50% Solution in aliphatics CH-50-AL: Polyester Curing: Perketals (120-16OC) 1,lrDi (tert.-butylperoxy)cyclohexane 50% Solution in aliphatics CH-50-FT: Polyester Curing: Perketals (120-16OC) 1,2-Di(tert.-butylperoxy)cyclohexane 50% Solution in phthalic acid ester CH-50-WO : Polymerisation: Perketals 1,l-Di(tert.butylperoxy)cyclohexane 50% Solution in white oil

&

Initiators

Initiators

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.: ICont h u e d 1:

LaPorte. Plc: Catalvsts h Initiators

CHP-90-W1: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature Cyclohexanone peroxide 90% powder, water damped CH-90-W2: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature Cyclohexanone peroxide 90% powder, water damped CHPC : Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dicyclohexyl-petoxydicarbonate Powder, technically pure CHPC-IO-SAQ1: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dicyclohexylperoxydicarbonate 40%, Aqueous suspension CHPC-90-W: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dicyclohexyl-peroxydicarbonate 90% Powder, water damped CHP-HA-M2 : Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Cyclohexanone peroxide Liquid mixture, high activity CHP-HA-MID: Polyester Curing: Ketone Peroxides (Ambient temperature) Cyclohexanone peroxide Liquid mixture, high activity CHP-NA-1: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Cyclohexanone peroxide Solution, normal activity CHP-SA-1: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Cyclohexanone peroxide Solution, super activity CUHP-80: Polymerisation: Hydroperoxide Cumene hydroperoxide 80% Solution in cumene

15

16

Plastics Additives

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.: LaPorte. Plc: Catalysts (Continued):

&

Initiators

CUHP-PO: Polymerisation: Hydroperoxide Cumene hydroperoxide 89% Solution in cumene CUPND-75-AL1: Polymerisation: Peresters Cumylperneodecanoate 75% Solution in Aliphatics CUROX : Persulfates Potassium monosulfate (KMPS) Potassium Peroxymonosulfate-triple salt: ZKHS05-KHS04-K2S04 DCLBP-50-PSI: Crosslinking: Diacylperoxides Di(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)peroxide 50% Paste in silicone oil DCUP : Crosslinking: Aryl-Alkylperoxides Dicumylperoxide Powder, techn. pure DCUP-1 : Crosslinking: Aryl-Alkylperoxides Dicumylperoxide Powder, techn. pure DCUP-40-IC: Polyester Curing: Aryl-Alkylperoxides (130-17OC) Dicumylperoxide 40%, powder with chalk DCUP-40-IC: Crosslinking at above 160C Dicumylperoxide 408, Powder with chalk DCUP-40 IC 1: Crosslinking at above 160C Dicumylperoxide 408, Powder with kaolin

DHBP : Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides 2,5-Dimethyl 2,5-di(tert.butyl peroxy) hexane Liquid, techn. pure

Initiators

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.:Lamrte, Plc: Catalysts [Continued):

&

Initiators

DHBP-45-IC: Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy)hexane 45%, powder DHBP-20-IC5: Crosslinking: Dialkyl peroxides 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy)hexane 20%, granules DHBP-45-IC 1: Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy)hexane 45%, Powder DHBP-45-PSI: Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy)hexane 45%, Paste in silicone rubber DHBP-7.5-ICs: Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy 7.5%, Granules

hexane

DHBP-75-PIC: Crosslinking: Dialkyl peroxides 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy hexane 72%, paste in silicagel DHBP-75-SR: Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides 2,5-Dimethyl 2,5-di(tert.butyl peroxy) hexane Liquid, 75%, solution in inhibitor DHPEH: Polyester Curing: Peresters (70-13OC) 2,5LDimethyl-2,g-di( 2-ethylhexanoyl-peroxy)hexane Liquid, technically pure DHPEH: Polymerisation: Peresters 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(2-ethylhexanoyl-peroxy)hexane Liquid, technically pure DIPND-SO-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters 1,3-Di(2-neodecanoylperoxy isopropy1)benzene 50%, solution in aliphatics

17

78

Plastics Additives

Aztec Peroxides, Inc.: Laporte. Plc: Catalysts (Continued):

&

Initiators

DIPP-2: Crosslinking at above 170C 1,2-Di(2-tert.butylperoxy isopropy1)benzene technically pure, flakes DIPP-2: Polyester Curing: Aryl-Alkyl peroxides (140-2OOC) 1,3-Di(Z-tert.butylperoxy isopropyl) benzene Flakes, technically pure DIPP-40-IC: Crosslinking at above 170C 1,3-Di(2-tert.butylperoxy isopropy1)benzene 40%, powder with chalk DIPP-40-IC5: Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides Di(tert.butylperoxy isopropy1)benzene 40%, Powder with Polypropylene DP : Polymerisation: Diacylperoxides Didecanoylperoxide Flakes, technically pure DTAP : Polymerisation: Aryl-Alkylperoxides Di(tert.amy1)peroxide Liquid, techn. pure DTBP : Polymerisation: Aryl-Alkylperoxides Di(tert.buty1)peroxide Liquid, techn. pure DTBP Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides Di(tert.buty1) peroxide Liquid, techn. pure DTBP-30-AL: Polymerisation: Aryl-Alkylperoxides Di(tert.butyl)peroxide 30%, solution in aliphatics DTBP-30-AL-2: Polymerisation: Aryl-Alkylperoxides Di(tert.buty1) peroxide 30%, solution in aliphatics (Isopar E)

lnitiators

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.: Lamrte, Plc: Catalysts 1Continued1 :

&

DYBP : Crosslinking: Dialkyl Peroxides 2,5-Dimethyl 2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy)hexine-3 Technically pure, liquid DYBP-85-WO: Crosslinking: Dialkylperoxides 2,5-Dimethyl 2,5-di(tert.butylperoxy)hexine-3 85% solution in white oil EHPC-IO-EAQ: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 40%, aqueous emulsion (frozen flakes) EHPC-40-ENF: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 40%, non freezing emulsion EHPC-50-EAQ: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 50% Aqueous Emulsion (frozen flakes) EHPC-50-NF: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 50% non freezing emulsion EHPC-65-AL: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 65%, solution in aliphatics EHPC-75-AL: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 75%, Solution in aliphatics Inhibitor BC-500: Polyester Curing Inhibitors Di-tert.buty1 p-cresol 40% Solution in xylene

Initiators

19

20

Plastics Additives

Aztec Peroxides, Inc.: Lavorte Plc: Catalysts 1Continued):

&

Initiators

Inhibitor TC-510: Polyester Curing: Inhibitors tert.Buty1 catechol 10% Solution in styrene INP-37-AL: Polymerisation: Diacylperoxides Di(3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoyl)peroxide 37%, Solution in aliphatics INP-40-ENF: Polymerisation: Diacylperoxides Di(3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoyl)peroxide 40%, Emulsion non-freezing INP-75-AL: Polymerisation: Diacylperoxides Di(3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoyl)peroxide 75%, Solution in aliphatics KMPS : Persulfates Potassium monopersulfate (KMPS) Potassium peroxymonosulfate-triple salt: 2KHS05-KHS04-K2S04 KPS : Persulfates Potassium persulfate (potassium peroxodisulfate) technically pure, salt LP : Polymerisation: Diacylperoxides Dilauroyl peroxide Flakes, technically pure LP-25-SAQ: Polymerisation: Diacyl peroxides Dilauroyl peroxide 25% aqueous suspension LP-40-SAQ: Polymerisation: Diacyl peroxides Dilauroyl peroxide 40% suspension, aqueous

lnitiafors

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.: /Continued) :

L a m r t e Plc: Catalysts & Initiators

MEKP-HA-2 : Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Amb ent temperature Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, high activity MEKP-LA-3: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, low activity MEKP-NA-M3: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, normal activity MEKP-S : Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, high activity MEKP-SA-1: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (Ambient temperature) Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, super activity MIKP-LA-M1: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (60-12OC) Methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, low activity MIKP-NA-1: Polyester Curing: Ketone peroxides (60-12OC) Methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, normal activity MIKP-NA-4: Polymerisation: Ketone peroxides Methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, normal activity MIKP-NA-M2: Polyester Curing: Ketone Peroxides (60-12OC) Methyl Isobutyl ketone peroxide Liquid mixture, normal activity

21

22

Plastics Additives

Aztec Peroxides, Inc.: Lawrte Plc: Catalvsts 1Continuedl : MyPC : Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dimyristylperoxydicarbonate Flakes, technically pure MyPC-40-SAQ: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates Dimyristylperoxydicarbonate 40% Suspension, aqueous NPS : Sodium persulfate (sodium peroxodisulfate) Technically pure, salt PMB-50-PSI: Crosslinking: Diacylperoxides Di(4-methy1benaoyl)peroxide 5 0 % , Paste in silicone oil SBPC-60-AL1: Polymerisation: Peroxydicarbonates sec-Butyl Peroxydicarbonate 60%, Solution in aliphatics SUCP-70-w: Polymerisation: Diacylperoxides Disuccinic acid peroxide 7 0 % powder, water damped TAHP-80-AL: Polymerisation: Hydroperoxides tert.Amy1 hydroperoxide 8 0 % , Solution in aliphatics TAPB : Polymerisation: Diacylperoxides tert.-Amylperoxy benzoate Liquid, technical pure TAPEH : Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Amylperoxy-2-ethyl hexanoate Liquid, technically pure TAPND-75-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Amy1perneodecanoate 75%. Solution in aliphatics

&

Initiators

initiators

Aztec Peroxides, Inc.: L a m r t e P l c : Catalysts 1Conth u e d l : TAPPI-30-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Amylperoxy pivalate 30%, Solution in aliphatics TAPPI-75-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Amylperoxy pivalate 7 5 % , Solution in aliphatics TBHP-70-AQ: Polymerisation: Hydroperoxides tert.Buty1-hydroperoxide 70%, Aqueous solution TBHP- 78-AQ : Polymerisation: Hydroperoxides tert.Buty1-hydroperoxide 78%, Aqueous solution TBHP-80 : Polymerisation: Hydroperoxides tert.Buty1-hydroperoxide 80%, liquid TBPA-30-AL2: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxyacetate 30% solution in aliphatics (Isopar E) TBPA-50-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxyacetate 5 0 8 , Solution in aliphatics TBPB : Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxy benzoate Liquid, techn.pure TBPB-50-FT: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxy benzoate 50% Solution in phthalic acid ester

&

Initiators

23

24

Plastics Additives

Aztec Peroxides: LaPorte PLC: Catalysts and Initiators (Continued): TBPB-75-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxy benzoate 75%, solution in aliphatics TBPEH: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Buty1-per-2-ethyl hexanoate Liquid, techn.pure TBPEH-30-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 30%, solution in aliphatics TBPEH-30-AL-2: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Buty1-per-2-ethyl hexanoate 30%, solution in aliphatics (Isopar E) TBPEH-SO-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert. butyl-peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 50%, solution in aliphatics TBPEH-70-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 7 0 9 , solution in aliphatics TBPEHC : Polymerisation: Perester tert.Butylperoxy-(2-ethylhexyl)carbonate

Liquid, technically pure TBPIC-75-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Buty1peroxy-isopropylcarbonate 75%, Solution in aliphatics TBPIN: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate

Liquid, technically pure

initiators

Aztec Peroxides. Inc.: Lawrte Plc: Catalysts h Initiators 1Continued1 : TBPIN-30-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperoxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate 30%, solution in aliphatics TBPND : Polymerisation: Peresters tert. Butylperneodeacanoate Liquid, technically pure TBPND-75-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperneodecanoate 75% solution in aliphatics TBPPI-25-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperpivalate 25% Solution in aliphatics TBPPI-25-AL2: Polymerisation: Peresters tert. Butylperpivalate 25% Solution in aliphatics (Isopar E) TBPPI-75-AL: Polymerisation: Peresters tert.Butylperpivalate 75% Solution in aliphatics TMCH-40-IC: Crosslinking: Perketals l,l-Di(tert.butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane 40%, Powder with chalk TMCH-50-AL: Polymerisation: Perketals l,l-Bis(tert.butylperoxy)3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane 50% Solution in aliphatics TMCH-50-FT: Polymerisation: Perketals l,l-Di(tert.butylperoxy)3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane 5 0 8 , Solution in phthalate TMCH-75-AL: Polymerisation: Perketals l,l-Bis(tert.butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane

75% Solution in aliphatics

25

26

Plastics Additives

Sartomer Co.: ESACURE Photoinitiators: Esacure EB 3 : Photoinitiator Esacure EB 3 is a stabiliz d liquid mixture of benzoin normal butyl ethers, which offers easy processibility even at low temperatures to a variety of W cure systems. Clear, yellow, oily liquid Odor: Faint, characteristic Freezing point, C: t5 Density, g/ml: 1.060 Eeacure KB 1: Photoinitiator Esacure KB 1 is a crystalline powder of benzildimethyl ketal, which is readily soluble in most organic solvents, monomers and photoreactive polymers. The optimum absorption is at 250-350 nm. It has fast cure response and good through cure. Supplied form: 100% solid Appearance: White crystalline powder Odor: Faint, characteristic Molecular weight: 256.30 Eeacure KIP-100F: A liquid mixture of an oligomeric alpha hydroxy ketone and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl1-propanone. It is a highly reactive, non-yellowing initiator for the photopolymerization of UV curable systems based on an acrylic unsaturated oligomers and monomers. Clear, slightly yellow viscous liquid Odor: Faint, characteristic Boiling Point: >200C Esacure KIP-150: A polymeric hydroxy ketone. It is a highly reactive, nonyellowing initiator for the photopolymerization of U.V. curable systems based on acrylic unsaturated oligomers and monomers. Orange-yellow semi-solid Odor: Faint, characteristic Color: Max 13 Gardner Boiling Point: >300C

Initiators

27

Sartomer Co.: ESACURE Photoinitiators (Continued): Esecure KT 37: A liquid mixture of two photoinitiators, oligomeric KIP 150F and TZT. It is a highly reactive mixture of photoinitiators, particularly designed for the photopolymerization of W light curable systems based on acrylic and methacrylic unsaturated oligomers and monomers. The radicals' generation occurs via both splitting and hydrogen abstraction mechanisms. Esacure KT 37 is very effective in combination with tertiary amine type coinitiators, which overcome oxygen inhibition, allowing fast cure rates. Clear, slightly yellow liquid Odor: Faint, characteristic Boiling point: 310C at 760 mm Hg Esacure KT046 : A blend of 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, alpha-hydroxyketone and benzophenone derivative. It is a liquid photoinitiator which can be easily incorporated by simply stirring into your resin system. Clear, slightly yellow liquid Odor: Faint, characteristic Flash Point: 118C Density: 1.106+-0.005 g/ml at 20C Esacure TZT: TZT is clear, low viscosity liquid with optimum absorbance at 250-300 nm. It is highly soluble and highly reactive with a flash point of 140C. Formulation Properties: Flexibility Hardness Abrasion Resistance Water Resiatance Low Odor Lower Volatility Clear, colorless to light straw liquid Odor: Very faint, characteristic Pour Point: -7C Boiling Rage: 310-330C at 760 mm Hg Esacure X 33: A blend of components noted, which enables generation of free radicals by the hydrogen-abstraction mechanism, giving fast surface cure speed. Esacure X33 is a liquid photoinitiator which can be easily incorporated by simply stirring into your resin system. Clear, brown liquid Odor: Faint, characteristic Color: Max 13 Gardner Flash Point: 140C Density: 1.095+-0.02 g/ml at 20C

28

Plastics Additives

Sartomer Co.: Photosensitizer/Coinitiators: Benzophenone: A white to off-white crystalline solid. It is also available in flaked form. Benzophenones are photosensitizers for use in W curing systems such as printing inks and wood and metal finishes. Purity: 99.0% min. Melt range: 48-49C Molecular Weight: 182.21 CAS NO.: 119-61-9 CN-383 Reactive Amine Coinitiator: A monofunctional amine synergist which, when used in conjunction with a photosensitizer such as benzophenone, promotes rapid curing under W light. Additional benefits include reduced odors both at press side and in the cured film, reduced blooming or migration, and color fading of selective pigments such as reflex blue and rhodamine red. Performance Properties: Adhesion Hardness Appearance: Slightly Hazy Color, APHA: 225 Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.9903 Viscosity @ 25C, cps: 18 Total Amine (mg KOH/g): 135 CN-384 Reactive Amine Coinitiator: A difunctional amine synergist which, when used in conjunction with a photosensitizer such as benzophenone, promotes rapid curing under W light. Additional benefits include reduced odors both at press side and in the cured film, reduced blooming or migration, and color fading of selective pigments such as reflex blue and rhodamine red. Performance Properties: Adhesion Hardness Appearance: Clear Color, APHA: 100 Specific Gravity @ 25C 1.0534 Viscosity @ 25C, cps: 15 Total Amine (mg KOH/g) 103

initiators

Sartomer Co.:

SARCAT Cationic Photoinitiators:

SarCat CD-1010 Cationic Photoinitiator: CD-1010 is a 50/50 blend of triaryl sulfonium hexafluoroantimonate in propylene carbonate. This cationic photoinitiator offers fast cure speeds in epoxy, vinyl ether and other cationically cured resin systems. Suggested Applications: CD-1010 is recommended for use in metal, paper, wood and plastic coatings and inks. Cationically cured coatings provide enhanced adhesion particularly to metallic substrates. Appearance: Clear Amber Liquid Solids, %: 48-52 Viscosity, 25C, cps: 60-90 Weight, lbs/gal: 11.7 Color, Gardner: 3-6 SarCat CD-1011 Cationic Photoinitiator: A 50/50 blend of triaryl sulfonium hexafluorophosphate in propylene carbonate. This cationic photoinitiator offers fast cure speeds in epoxy, vinyl ether and other cationically cured resin systems. Suggested Applications: CD-1011 is recommended for use in metal, paper, wood and plastic coatings and inks. Cationically cured coatings provide enhanced adhesion particularly to metallic substrates. Appearance: Clear pale yellow liquid Solids, %: 48-52 Viscosity ?I 25C, cps: 60-90 Weight, lbs/gal: 11.0 Color, Gardner: 6 SarCat CD-1012 Cationic Photoinitiator: CD-2012 is a diary1 iodonium hexafluoroantimonate. This cationic photoinitiator offers fast cure speeds in epoxy, vinyl ether and other cationically cured resin systems. It has better solubility than similar iodonium salts. Suggested Applications: CD-1012 is recommended for use in plastic, paper, wood and metal coatings and inks. Cationically cured coatings provide enhanced adhesion particularly to metallic substrates. Appearance: Off-white powder Melting point, C: 90-92 Solids, %: 100

29

30

Plastics Additives

Witco Corn.:

Additives for Vinvl: Orqanic Peroxides:

A s a leading manufacturer and developer of organic peroxides, Witco has produced many highly effective products that have become industry standards. And to keep pace with customers' needs, these development efforts are ongoing. Organic peroxides act through the splitting of the --0--0-bond into free radicals, thereby initiating the polymerization or crosslinking of monomers or polymers. Their exceptionally broad line includes diacyl peroxides, dialkyl peroxides, hydroperoxides, ketone peroxides, peroxyketals, peroxydicarbonates, and peroxyesters. The last two are particularly important in PVC resin manufacture as initiators in the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer.

Comparative Polymerizations of Vinyl Chloride Conversion Rate at 55C Initiator: ESPEROX 551M (t-amyl peroxypivalate): % Wt.: 0.107 % Conversion: 1.5 hrs.: 12.0 3.5 hrs.: 44.5 5.5 hrs.: 76.5 Esperox 31M (t-butyl peroxypivalate): % Wt.: 0.107 % Conversion: 1.5 hrs.: 11.5 3.5 hrs.: 4 2 . 0 5.5 hrs.: 77.5 Esperox 750M (t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate): % Wt.: 0.067 % Conversion: 1.5 hrs.: 17.5 3.5 hrs.: 48.5 5.5 hrs.: 81.5 ESPERCARB 040M (di-2-ethyl hexyl peroxydicarbonate): % Wt.: 0.065 % Conversion: 1.5 hrs.: 19.5 3.5 hrs.: 57.0 5.5 hrs.: 85.0 Eeperox 33M (t-butyl peroxy neodecanoate): % Wt.: 0.065 % Conversion: 1.5 hrs.: 19.0 3.5 hrs.: 49.5 5.5 hrs.: 80.5 Esperox 939 (cumyl peroxy neodecanoate): % Wt.: 0.113 %. Conversion: 1.5 hrs.: 36.0 3.5 hrs.: 71.5 5.5 hrs.: 80.5

Lubricants

Acme-Eardeaty Co.:

JENKINOL Lubricants for Plastics:

Application: PVC Flexible Calendering: Jenkinol L 240: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: Reduces compound viscosity, aids bank distribution and reduces flow lines. Replaces up to 50% of process aid. Jenkinol L 230*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.2-0.5 phr Comments: Excellent for Pb and Ca/Zn formulations Jenkinol L 221: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.1-0.3 phr Comments: For rigid and flexible PVC formulations. Jenkinol L 273: Functionality: Internal/External Use Level: 0.5-1.2 phr Comments: Functionality dependent upon usage Jenkinol 680: Functionality: Co-stabilizer Comments: Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) Jenkinol L 271: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.8 phr Comments: Good for all mixed metal stabilizer systems Application: PVC Rigid Calendering: Jenkinol L 210*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.8-1.2 phr Comments: Will not affect product clarity Jenkinol L 216*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: Plate-out free. Will not affect product clarity. Jenkinol L 260: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.5-1.2 phr Comments: Reduces die swell and internal compound viscosity. Jenkinol 680: Functionality: Co-stabilizer Comments: Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). Jenkinol L 271: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.8 phr Comments: For semirigid and flexible PVC compounds. Release agent in injection molded polyurethane. Jenkinol L 276*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.8 phr Comments: For semirigid and flexible PVC compounds. Release agent in injection molded polyurethane. *FDA Approved

33

34

Plastics Additives

Acme-Hardeetv Co.: JGNKINOL Lubricants for Plastics (Continued): Application: PVC Extrusion Blow Molding: Jenkinol L 210*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 1.0-1.5 phr Comments: Will not affect clarity. Jenkinol L 212*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 1.0-1.5 phr Comments: Viscosity depressant in ejection molded compounds. Jenkinol L 215*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: Good for Ca/Zn stabilizer systems. Jenkinol L 319: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.5-0.8 phr Comments: Release agent for polycarbonate compounds. Jenkinol L 321*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: Will not affect clarity. Boosts thermal stability in Ca/Zn formulations. Jenkinol L 729: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.05-0.2 phr Comments: Oxidized PE wax. Jenkinol L 276*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.8 phr Comments: For semirigid and flexible PVC compounds. Release agent in injection molded polyurethane. Jenkinol L 280*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: Mold release agent. Application: PVC Rigid Extrusion: Calcium Stearate: Functionality: Internal/External Use Level: 0.5-1.5 phr Comments: Functionality dependent upon use level. Jenkinol L 212*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.5-0.8 phr Comments: Internal viscosity depressant. Jenkinol L 216*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.6-1.2 phr Comments: Will not plate out or affect clarity. Jenkinol L 221: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.1-0.3 phr Comments: Aids in pigment/filler dispersion. Jenkinol L 230*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.2-0.5 phr Comments: Used in vinyl formulations which are tin, lead and Ca/Zn stabilized Jenkinol L 232*: Functionality: Internal/External Use Level: 1.2 phr maximum Comments: Functionality upon use level. - dependent Jenkinol L 260: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.6-1.5 phr Comments: Reduces die swell and internal compound viscosity. *FDA Approved

Lubricants

35

Acme-Bardestv Co.: JENKINOL Lubricants for Plastics (Continued): Application: PVC Rigid Extrusion (Continued): Jenkinol L 265: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.5-2.5 phr Comments: Ideal for high flow requirements. Jenkinol L 270: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.4-0.7 phr Comments: Additive in chlorinated PVC Jenkinol L 276*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.8 phr Comments: For semirigid and flexible PVC compounds. Release agent in ejection molded polyurethene Jenkinol L 280*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: For rigid PVC compounds. Jenkinol L 292: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: For non-clear applications only. Jenkinol L 319: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.5-0.8 phr Comments: Will not plate-out or affect clarity. Jenkinol L 321*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.5-1.3 phr Comments: Controls fusion and die swell. Jenkinol L 207: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.9 phr Comments: Non-oxidized PE wax. Improved efficiency over paraffin waxee. Jenkinol L 729: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.05-0.2 phr Comments: Oxidized PE wax. Application: PVC Injection Molding: Jenkinol L 212: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.5-1.5 phr Comments: Viscosity depressant. Jenkinol L 221: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.1-0.3 phr Comments: Pb stabilized systems. Jenklnol L 260: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.6-1.5 phr Comments: Reduces die swell and internal compound viscosity Jenkinol L 265: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.5-2.5 phr Comments: Ideal for high flow requirements. Jenkinol L 276*: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.5-0.8 phr COmnIentS: For semirigid and flexible PVC compounds. Release agent in ejection molded polyurethene. *FDA Approved

36

Plastics Additives

Acme-Hardestv Co.:

JENKINOL Lubricants for Plastics (Continued):

Application: PVC Injection Molding (Continued): Jenkinol L 292: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.1-0.2 phr Comments: Non-clear applications. Jenkinol L 319: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.5-0.8 phr Comments: No plate-out. Application: Pvc Blown Film: Jenkinol L 215*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.8-1.5 phr Comments: No affect on clarity. Jenkinol L 216*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 1.2-1.5 phr Comments: Low free glyceride and reduced risk of plate-out. Jenkinol L 321*: Functionality: Internal Use Level: 0.5-1.3 phr Comments: Controls fusion and die swell. Jenkinol 680: Functionality: Co-stabilizer Comments: Epoxidizad soybean oil (ESO). Jenkinol L 270: Functionality: External Use Level: 0 . 4 - 0 . 7 phr Comments: ImDroves anti-block. Jenkinol L 276*Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.8 phr Comments: Improves anti-block. Application: Polypropylene: Calcium Stearate: Functionality: Chain length modifier Use Level: 40-60 ppm Comments: Heat stable Ethylene Bis Stearamide ( E B S ) : Functionality: Antistat Use Level: 1-4 phr Comments: Powder and beads available Zinc Stearate: Functionality: Chain length modifier Use Level: 40-60 ppm Comments: Heat stable Application: Polyethylene: Calcium Stearate: Functionality: Chain length modifier Use Level: 40-60 ppm Comments: Heat stable *FDA Approved

Lubricants

37

Acme-Hardestv Co.: JENKINOL Lubricants for Plastics (Continued): Application: Polystyrene: Zinc Stearate: Functionality: Chain Length Modifier Comments: Heat Stable Magnesium Stearate: Functionality: Chain Length Modifier Comments: Heat Stable Aluminum Stearate: Functionality: Chain Length Modifier Comments: Heat Stable

Use Level: 40-60 ppm

Use Level: 40-60 ppm Use Level: 40-60 ppm

Application: Polycarbonate: Jenkinol L 319: Functionality: External Use Level: 0 . 5 - 0 . 8 phr Comments: Will not plate-out or affect clarity Jenklnol L 232*: Functionality: Internal/External Use Level: 1.2 phr m a x Comments: Will lower polycarbonate viscosity recommended for use with regrind. Application: Polyurethane: Urethane-Grade Castor Oil: Functionality: Polyol Use Level: N/A Comments: Low moisture castor oil Glycerine 99.5%: Functionality: Polyol Use Level: N/A Comments: Vegetable and tallow grades available. Jenklnol L 271: Functionality: External Use Level: 0.3-0.8 phr Comments: Release agent in ejection molded polyurethane. Application: color Concentrates: Jenklnol L 215: Functionality: Dispersant Use Level: 2-5% Comments: Dispersant for various inorganic pigments. Jenklnol L 221: Functionality: Dispersant Use Level: 2-58 Comments: Dispersant for various inorganic pigments. *FDA Approved

38

Plastics Additives

Axel Plastics Research Laboratories. Inc.: MOLDWII Pultrusion Internal Lubricants: INT-PS125: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.95 Viscosity @ 25C: 190 cps pH: 1.5-2.5 INT-PUL124: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.96 Viscosity @ 25C: 180 cps pH: 4.0-4.5 INT-EQ6: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.925 Viscosity @ 25C: 130 cps pH: 6.0-7.0 INT-ER8 : Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.98 Viscosity @ 25C: 515 cps pH: 6.0-7.0 INT-54: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.90 Viscosity @ 25C: 800 cps pH: 7.0-9.0 INT-1846: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.986 Viscosity @ 25C: 400 cps pH: 1.0-3.0 INT-1846N: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 1.05 Viscosity @ 25C: 800 cps pH: 6.0-8.0 INT-1866: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.95 Viscosity @ 25C: 130 cps pH: 8.0-10.0 INT-1850HT: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 1.02 Viscosity @ 25C: 300 cps PH: 1.5-2.5 INT-1890M: Active Ingredients: 100% Specific Gravity @ 25C: 0.994 Viscosity @ 25C: 450 cps pH: 6.0-7.0

Lubricants

Ch

TAT Lubric

ts:

327: Use Level % by Weight: PVC: 0.50-1.0//PS: Chemical nature: Ethylene bisstearamide Form: Beads FDA: Yes

0.50-1.0

G-118/42:* Use Level % by Weight: PE: 0.05-0.30//PP: 0.20-0.60 PS: 0.20-0.60//Nylon: 2.0-5.0//SAN: 1.0-2.0//PU: 2.0-5.0 Chemical Nature: GMS 42% Minimum Form: Beads FDA: Yes G-118/52:* Use Level % by Weight: PE: 0.05-0.30//PP: 0.20-0.60 PS: 1.5-4.O//Nylon: 2.0-5.0//SAN: 1.0-2.0//PU: 2.0-5.0 Chemical Nature: GUS 52% Minimum Form: Flakes FDA: Yes G-118/95: Use Level % by Weight: PE: 0.05-0.30//PP: 0.20-0.60 PS: 1.5-4.O//Nylon: 0.50-1.5//SAN: 1.0-2.0//PU: 2.0-5.0 Chemical Nature: GMS 95% Minimum Form: Beads FDA: Yes G-118/9501: Use Level % by Weight: PE: 0.05-0.30/PP: 0.20-0.60 PS: 1.5-4.O//Nylon: 0.50-1.5//SAN: 1.0-2.0//PU: 2.0-5.0 Chemical Nature: GMS 958 Minimum Form: Powder FDA: Yes 6-1500: Use Level % by Weight: PE: 0.05-0.30//PP: 0.20-0.60 Nylon: 2.0-5.0//SAN: l.O-Z.O//PU: 2.0-5.0 Chemical Nature: Glycerol ester Form: Powder FDA: Yes

G-l18/GTS: Use Level % by Weight: PS: 0.30-0.80 Chemical Nature: Glycerol tristearate Form: Powder FDA: Yes *Available in kosher grade

39

40

Plastics Additives

Lonsa Inc.: GLYCOLUBE Lubricants: Glycolube 100: Chemical Description: Polyol Ester Internal lubricant for thermoplastics Glycolube 110: Chemical Description: Poly01 Ester Internal lubricant and antistat for PP and PE Glycolube llOD: Food Grade Internal lubricant for rigid and semi-rigid filled PVC compounds. Glycolube 1 4 0 : Proprietary lubricant, anti-static agent Used primarily as an anti-static agent for polyethylene and polypropylene compounds. A highly efficient internal lubricant for PVC Glycolube 140 Kosher: Proprietary lubricant, anti-static agent Used primarily as an anti-static agent for polyethylene and polypropylene compounds A highly efficient internal lubricant for PVC. Glycolube 180: Poly01 Ester Internal lubricant for PVC sheet and film, antistat for PP and PE Glycolube 6 7 4 : Poly01 Ester Internal lubricant recommended for rigid PVC, ABS, and polystyrenic compounds Glycolube 7 4 0 VEG FG: Proprietary Lubricant A highly efficient internal lubricant/co-stabilizer for clear PVC compounds. May also be used as an anti-fog agent in plasticized PVC formulations FDA approved for food contact use Glycolube 742: Poly01 Ester Internal and external lubricant for PVC.

Lubricants

L o m a Inc.: GLYCOLUBE Lubricants [Continued): Glycolube 825: Polyol Ester Internal lubricant for rigid PVC, antistat for PP, PE Glycolube 825 Kosher: Proprietary Lubricant, Anti-Static Agent A n internal lubricant for rigid PVC compounds, providing a good balance of thermal stability, melt flow and optical properties in a variety of systems. Glycolube 853: Proprietary Lubricant FDA approved for food contact use Glycolube P: Proprietary Lubricant Effective lubricant for many polymer compounds in both extrusion and molding processes. Glycolube P ( B T S ) : Poly01 Ester External lubricant for polycarbonate. Glycolube PG: Plastics Additive--Food Grade External lubricant for a variety of PVC applications Glycolube SG-1: Proprietary Lubricant Developed to meet the needs of rigid PVC compounds using twin screw extrusion equipment. Glycolube TS: Synthetic Wax External lubricant for engineering thermoplastics Glycolube VL: Synthetic Wax Internal and external lubricant for thermoplastics VINYLUBE 38: Ester Blend Lubricant/Antistat

41

42

Plastics Additives

. .ves : LUBRIOL Lubricants ; Morton Plastics Addltr BF 4: Action: Internal Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 74-80 Compatible lubricant for clear rigid (blow and injection moulding, extrusion and calendering) BF 10: Action: Internal Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 62-70 Highly compatible lube to be preferably used in stretch and conventional blow moulding 44 OL: Action: Internal Appearance: Liquid Density (25C): 0.950 Internal allround lubricant, mainly suitable for soft applications 61 : Action: Internal Appearance: Liquid Density (25C): 0.930 Internal lubricant with medium compatibility; standard for rigid calendering 319: Action: Internal Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 47-53 Internal for rigid PVC: film extrusion, blow and injection moulding (both Sn and Pb stabilized) 77 : Action: Internal/External Appearance: Liquid Density (25C): 0.860 Balanced lubricant mainly for glass clear sheeting and plasticized items 200: Action: Internal Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 42-47 Almost universal internal lubricant for rigid PVC; can be utilized with different stabilizing systems 3008 : Action: Internal/External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 53-59 Balanced lubricant for rigid and semirigid extrusion & injection moulding

Lubricants

43

Morton Plastics Additives: LUSRIOL L u b r i c a n t s IContinuedI:

E 12SOH : Action: External Appearance: Liquid Density (25C): 0.970 Effective release agent to be preferably used for rigid and plasticized calendering E129 : Action: External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 52-64 Highly effective release agent specifically for rigid calendered films E190 : Action: External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 77-83 External lubricant with good release properties for rigid calendering and blow moulding E230 : Action: External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 48-52 External lube with release for PVC rigid calendering and CPVC injection E270 : Action: Internal/External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 42-45 Compatible with release for rigid PVC; blow moulding sheeting and film P163: Action: External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 107-117 Release agent containing metal soaps suitable for CaZn blow moulding and "Calanderette" film P182 : Action: External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 109-113 Excellent release, particularly suitable for Sn rigid calender ing SW/PF : Action: Internal/External Appearance: Solid Melting Range C: 140-142 Balanced lubricant, effective organic antiblocking for rigid, semirigid and plasticized PVC

44

Plastics Additives

Morton Plastics Additives: Blends: Lubriol CL: Action: Internal/External Appearance: Liquid Food Appr.: BGA Balanced combinations, mainly customer tailored for rigid and semirigid PVC Lubriol CS: Action: Internal/External Appearance: Solid Food Appr.: BGA, FDA Solid combinations; same applications as Lubriol CL Lubristat ST: Appearance: Liquid Food Appr. : BGA Blends of Sn stabilizers and lubricants (ev. metal soaps) for rigid calendering Lubrietab ZC 0: Appearance: Solid Food Appr.: BGA, FDA Range of one-packs containing CaZn stabilizers and lubricants for calendered food grade films. Lubrietab ZC B: Appearance: Solid Food Appr.: BGA, FDA Range of one-packs containing CaZn stabilizers and proper lubricants for food grade bottles

Lubricants

White Petrolatum USP: Penreco Snow: Melting Point, F: 125/135 Viscosity SUS @ 210F: 64/75 Consistency @ 77F: 170/205 Typical Congealing Point F: 123 Petrolatum USP: Penreco Amber: Melting Point, F: 125/135 Viscosity SUS @ 210F: 68/82 Consistency @ 77F: 175/205 Typical Congealing Point F: 123 Technical Petrolatum: Penreco Red: Melting Point, F: 120/135 Viscosity SUS @ 210F: 70/82 Color: Red Consistency @ 77F: 175/205 Penreco 1520: Melting Point, F: 115/135 Viscosity SUS @ 210F: 70/115 Color: Dark Brown Consistency @ 77F: 170/260 Penreco 3070: Melting Point, F: 125/140 Viscosity SUS @ 210F: 70/95 Color: Dark Brown Consistency @ 77F: 130/175 Penreco 1180: Melting Point, F: 138/148 Consistency @ 77F: 60/120 Petrolatum Applications: Plastic8 6i Elastomera: PVC-External Lubricants Rubber Processing Aids

45

46

Plastics Additives

Penreco: White Mineral Oils: For Plastics & Elastomers: Mineral Oil USP: Drakeol Supreme: Viscosity: SUS @ 100F: 520/570 API @ 60F: 28.5/31.8 Specific Gravity @ 77F: 0.860/0.878 Flash Point: F/C: 490/254 Pour Point: F/C: 20/-6 Drakeol 350: Viscosity: SUS @ 100F: 350/370 API @ 60F: 29.8/32.8 Specific Gravity @ 77F: 0.857/0.873 Flash Point: F/C: 400/204 Pour Point: F/C: 15/-9 Drakeol 35: Viscosity: SUS @ 100F: 340/365 API @ 60F: 28.0/31.1 Specific Gravity 8 77F: 0.864/0.881 Flash Point: F/C: 435/224 Pour Point: F/C: 5/-15 Drekeol 34: Viscosity: SUS @ 100F: 370/410 API @ 60F: 29.7/32.3 Specific Gravity @ 77F: 0.858/0.872 Flash Point: F/C: 475/246 Pour Point: F/C: 15/-9 Drakeol 32: Viscosity: SUS @ 100F: 312/330 API @ 60F: 28.9/32.5 Specific Gravity @ 77F: 0.856/0.876 Flash Point: F/C: 415/213 Pour Point: F/C: lo/-12 Drakeol 21: Viscosity: SUS @ 100F: 200/215 API @ 60F: 28.9/33.2 Specific Gravity @ 77F: 0.853/0.876 Flash Point: F/C: 380/193 Pour Point: F/C: lo/-12 Drakeol 19: Viscosity: SUS @ 100F: 180/190 API @ 606: 28.9/33.4 Specific Gravity @ 77F: 0.852/0.876 Flash Point: F/C: 370/188 Pour Point: F/C: lo/-12 Plastics & Elastomers: Polystyrene-Internal Lubricants/PVC-External Lubricants Plastics Annealing/Catalyst Carriers Thermoplastic Rubber-Extender Oils

Lubricants

47

Witco C o r m . : Lubricants for PVC: Witco offers a wide variety of PVC lubricants including metallic stearates, amide waxes, and fatty acids. Witco supplies these products to the industry worldwide. Calcium Stearaten: Witco calcium stearates are primarily used as internal lubricants and co-stabilizers in rigid PVC. But their unique solubility enables them to impart a degree of external lubrication as well. Their molecular polarity, particle configuration, and size distribution are qualities necessary for easy dispersion. They have demonstrated excellent performance characteristics in rigid PVC compounding, extruding, and molding, where they serve to reduce friction and plate-out, improve powder-blend flow, regulate fusion rates, and enhance heat stability. Witco calcium stearates can also reduce the possibility of "bloom," and the resultant color distortion, because they resist migration to the surface of finished products during storage. Composites: Witco also offers lubricant composites, which allow more efficient and economical handling of the components. These composites of stearates with either paraffin wax or ethylenebisstearamide are designed for use in extrusion or injection molding of rigid PVC. Stearic Acid: Hystrene 5016 stearic acid, triple pressed and characterized by its light color, is the finest available. At the correct concentratiion (typically 0.25-0.50 phr) it is the most effective lubricant for plasticized vinyl compounds stabilized with mixedmetal liquid stabilizers. In addition to supplying lubrication, Hystrene 5016 acts synergistically to improve the initial color and long-term stability of the vinyl compound. It also greatly reduces the amount of plate-out experienced with some liquid metallic stabilizers. Amides : Kemamide W-40 ethylenebisstearamide, a process lubricant for rigid PVC, is used in extruded house siding coinpounds and injection molded products such as pipe fittings. It contributes to the processing of rigid profiles by reducing the tendency of "screw sticking," minimizing surging, and increasing output rates. Typical use-levels are 1 to 2 phr. Kemamide E erucamide is used in vinyl plastisol cap liners to provide the "release" properties that facilitate removing the caps from bottles.

Micas

51

Franklin Industrial Minerals: Mica and its Function in Plastic Composites: The word "mica" is a generic term used to describe a group of complex hydrous potassium aluminum silicate minerals. They differ in chemical composition but share a unique laminar crystalline structure. Mica develops in a book-like form. Individual platelets have perfect basal cleavage which permits delaminating into extremely thin, high aspect ratio particles. These particles are tough and flexible. Franklin Industrial Minerals mines and processes muscovite mica in Kings Mountain, NC, and in Velarde, NM. Products are available in particle size ranges from 15 to 300 microns. Major Plastics Markets: *Automotive: Large volumes of mica are currently used in production of blow molded seat backs for cars and trucks. Injection molded parts include glove boxes, battery trays, fan shrouds, fender liners, and instrument cluster housings. Mica-reinforced polyurethane/polyurea has been used successfully since 1994 in automotive fascia and fenders. Long term heat aging (LTHA) is important for under-the-hood applications. Detroit requires that parts function after 400 hours at 149 degrees C (300 degrees F). Mica enables plastic composites to retain their shape at these high temperatures. *Construction and Appliance Markets: Mica reinforced composites are used to replace metal and reduce the weight and cost of construction materials and appliances. Composites containing mica can be designed for superior stiffness and excellent dimensional stability. Mica Benefits: Composite Property: Flexural Modulus Change Produced by Mica: Increased more than any other mineral Composite Property: HDT Change Produced by Mica: Increased more than any other mineral Composite Property: Tensile and Flexural Strength Change Produced by Mica: Greatly increased if a maleic anhydride modified PP additive is used Composite Property: Warpage Change Produced by Mica: Essentially eliminated Composite Property: CLTE Change Produced by Mica: Reduced substantially Composite Property: Shrinkage Change Produced by Mica: Greatly reduced from pure resin values Composite Property: Chemical Resistance Change Produced by Mica: Very high Composite Property: Creep Change Produced by Mica: Decreases significantly Composite Property: Permeability Change Produced by Mica: Greatly reduced Composite Property: Surface Finish Change Produced by Mica: Correct grades give class "A" surface

52

Plastics Additives

Franklin Industrial Minerals: Muscovite Mica Products: Kings Mountain, NC Operation: Wet-Ground Mica Prodicts: WG-325 : Median Size Microns: 33 Aspect Ratio: 10 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 4.7 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 12

HIMQD-270: Median Size Microns: 35 Aspect Ratio: 15 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 4.3 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 9

HAR-160 : Median Size Microns: 39 Aspect Ratio: 13 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 4.9 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 9

WG-160: Median Size Microns: 39 Aspect Ratio: 11 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 4.7 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 12

HiMod-360: Median Size Microns: 41 Aspect Ratio: 14 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 5.8 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 9 Dry Ground Mica Products: 4-K: Median Size Microns: 50 Aspect Ratio: 8 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 3.6 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 16

1-K: Median Size Microns: 55 Aspect Ratio: 9 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 2.9 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 17

100-K: Median Size Microns: 81 Aspect Ratio: 8 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 2.5 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 18 Flake Mica Products: L-140: Median Size Microns: 60 Aspect Ratio: 13 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 2.7 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 17

L-135: Median Size Microns: 230 Aspect Ratio: 16 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 1.2 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 13

20-K: Median Size Microns: 235 Aspect Ratio: 9 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 2.1 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 37

L-125: Median Size Microns: 460 Aspect Ratio: 16 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 1.4 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 22

Micas

Franklin Industrial Minerals: Muscovite Mica Products IContinuedI : Kinas Mountain, NC meration (Continued): Mic& Mica Pr0hUCtS:C-3000 : C-4000: Median Size Microns: 23 Median Size Microns: 17 Aspect Ratio: 8 Aspect Ratio: 6 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 5.4 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 6.3 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 12 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 12 c-1000: Median Size Microns: 2 6 Aspect Ratio: 9 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 5.3 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 12 Valarde, NM Operation: Dry Ground Mica Products: PM-325 : Median Size Microns: 2 4 Aspect Ratio: 5 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 3.9 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 17

C-500 :

Median Size Microns: 30 Aspect Ratio: 9 BET Surface Area mZ/gm: 4.6 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 12

MW-260: Median Size Microns: 37 Aspect Ratio: 6 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 2.5 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 19

Mw-200: Median Size Microns: 48 Aspect Ratio: 5 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 1.9 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 21 Flake Mica Producte: MW-1117: Median Size Microns: 230 Aspect Ratio: 5 BET Surface Area mZ/gm: 0.6 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 50

V-115: Median Size Microns: 550 Aspect Ratio: 14 BET Surface Area m2/gm: 0.4 Bulk Density lbs/ft3: 51

53

54

Plastics Additives

Franklin Industrial Minerals: Muscovite Uica for Plastics APDliCatiOnS: Muscovite mica improves flexural modulus, heat distortion resistance and dimensional stability of thermoplastic and thermoset composites. Applications are established in polyolefin, polyamide, polyester and polyurethane/polyurea polymers. Mica Product: L-135: HiMod-270: Aspect Ratio: 15 Aspect Ratio: 18 Median Size Microns: 230 Median Size Microns: 35 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 14 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 10 HiMod-360: L-140: Aspect Ratio: 1 3 Aspect Ratio: 14 Median Size Microns: 60 Median Size Microns: 39 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 9 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 11

WG-325: 4K : Aspect Ratio: 8 Aspect Ratio: 10 Median Size Microns: 54 Median Size Microns: 33 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 12 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 16 C-4000: PM-325: Aspect Ratio: 5 Aspect Ratio: 6 Median Size Microns: 24 Median Size Microns: 17 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 12 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 17 Mw-200: Aspect Ratio: 5 Median Size Microns: 48 Loose Bulk Density lb/ft3: 21

Micas

H a w i c k Standard Distribution Corn.: Drv Ground Mica: Typical Screen Analysis: 160-D: On 100 Mesh, 8 : Trace on 200 Mesh, %: 1-5 On 325 Mesh, %: 18-26 Pan, %: 74-02 Density, lbs/cu ft: 12-16

325-MF: On 100 Mesh, %: On 200 Mesh, %: On 325 Mesh, 3: Pan, %: 74-02 Density, lbs/cu

0.5 6.0 18-26

325-D: On 100 Mesh, %: On 200 Mesh, %: on 325 Mesh, %: Pan, %: 82-89 Density, lbs/cu

325-FF: On 100 Mesh, %: On 200 Mesh, %: On 325 Mesh, %: Pan, %: 90-96 Density, lbs/cu

Trace 1.0 4-10

325 Mesh: On 100 Mesh, 8 : On 200 Mesh, %: On 325 Mesh, %: Pan, 3: 02-09 Density, lbs/cu

Trace 1.0 11-18 ft: 12-16

ft: 12-16

ft: 12-16

0.5 6.0 11-18 ft: 12-16

Typical Compoeltlon: These materials are ground flakes, silver-gray in color. Their composition is Potassium Aluminum Silicate having the following typical chemical composition and analysis: Dry Ground Mica for Rubber: Silica (Si02), %: 45.1 Alumina (A1203), %: 36.6 Potash (K20), %: 11.8 Magnesia (MgO), %: Iron Oxide (Fe203), %: Trace to 3.0 Phosphorous (P), %: Trace Loss on Ignition, % Maximum: 5.0 Moisture, % Maximum: 0.5

----

55

56

Plastics Additives

Intercom Inc.: Mica-Wet Ground-KEHOLIT GS [Partial srade Listing):

Grades : 60 : Typical Aspect Ratio: 40:l Typical Sieve Analysis: 8 Passing-325 mesh: 38% Grade Note: Coarse, High Aspect Ratio (HAR)

180 : Typical Aspect Ratio: 40:l Typical Sieve Analysis, % Passing-325 mesh: 64% Grade Note: HAR 325 :

Typical Aspect Ratio: 40:l Typical Sieve Analysis, % Passing-325 mesh: 93% Grade Note: HAR 3x :

Typical Aspect Ratio: 40:l Typical Sieve Analysis, % Passing-500 mesh: 98% Grade Note: HAR, particle suspension aid Applications: Thermosets Insulation

&

Thermoplastics Compounds, Paints

&

Coatings,

Mica-Surface Modified Wet Ground-FILLEX SD (Partial Grade Listins): 160: Typical Aspect Ratio: 40:l Typical Sieve Analysis: % Passing 200 Mesh: 55% Grade Note: High aspect ratio 325 :

Typical Aspect Ratio: 40:l Typical Sieve Analysis: % Passing 200 Mesh: 95% Grade Note: High aspect ratio, highest DO1 Applications: Eng. resins incl. olefins, nylons, polyesters & thermosetsurethane, phenolic, polyester, etc.; RRIM & injection molding.

Micas

57

Pacer TechnolocN, Inc.: MICAFLEX R200: Typical Sieve Analysis: On U.S.S. # 8 0 : 0.1% U.S.S. #loo: 0.5% U.S.S. #140: 10.0% U.S.S. #200: 20.0% U.S.S. #325: 33.0% Below U.S.S #325 in Pan: 36.4% Typical Physical/Chemical Properties: Bulk Density: 35-45 lbs./cu.ft. Loss on Ignition: 1.5-2.5 Loss on Drying: 0.01 Specific Gravity: 2.75 Refractive Index: 1.6 pH: 0.0 Moh’s Hardness: 2.5 Free Respirable Silica: 0.261% Stable, virtually inert except to hydrofluoric and concentrated sulfuric acid. Impervious to water and atmosphere. Unaffected by exposure to extended low and high temperatures. Typical Chemical Analysis: Silica (Si02) 53.4% Alumina (A1203) 26.1% Iron (Fe203) 2.3% Iron (FeO) 2.7% Soda (Na20) 2.1% Potash (K20) 7.6% Calcium (Cao) 0.3% Magnesium (MgO) 1.4%

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

Akxo Nobel: KETJENBLACK Conductive Carbon Blacks: Ketjenblack EC-300J Conductive Carbon Black: CAS Reg. No.: 1333-86-4 Ketjenblack EC-300J is a carbon black having a unique morphology. It is extremely suitable for electroconductive applications. Due to its structure only one third the amount of Ketjenblack EC-300J is needed compared to conventional carbon blacks in many applications. Ketjenblack EC-300J is especially useful in applications requiring low ash and is recommended for use in material which must have a smooth surface. Product Properties: Iodine absorption, mg/g: 140-840 Pore volume (DBP-absorption), cm3/100g: 310-345 Ash content, max. %: 0.1 Grit Content, mg/kg max.: 30 Volatiles, m a x . %: 1.0 Moisture, max. %: 0.5 Apparent bulk density, kg/m3: 125-145 pH: 8-10 Ketjenblack EC-600 JD Conductive Carbon Black: CAS Reg. No.: 1333-86-4 Ketjenblack EC-600 JD is a carbon black having a unique morphology. It is extremely suitable for electroconductive applications. Due to its structure only one sixth the amount of Ketjenblack EC-600 JD is needed compared to conventional carbon blacks in many applications. Ketjenblack EC-600 JD is especially useful in applications requiring extremely high conductivity at relatively low loadings of carbon black. Product Properties: Iodine absorption, mg/g: 1000-1150 Pore volume (DBP-absorption), cm3/100g: 480-510 Ash content, max. %: 0.1 Grit content, mg/kg max.: 30 Volatiles, max. %: 1.0 Moisture, max. %: 0.5 Apparent bulk density, kg/m3: 100-120 pH: 8-10

61

62

Plastics Additives

BASF Corn.:

Dyes for Plastics: SUDAN/LUMOGEN/THElgRPLAST:

Sudan Dyes: Sudan Yellow 146: Type of Dye: Azo dye Color Index: Solvent Yellow 16/12700 Heat Stability (GPPS): 280C Fastness to light (1/3 SD GPPS): 8 (8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.29 cm3 PS: + PA: 0 RPVC: + SAN: 0 PMMA: + PETP: PC: + SB: CA/CAB: ABS: ASA: UP: MF/PF: 0 = Suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended + = Suitable = Unsuitable

-

-

Sudan M Yellow 150*: Type of Dye: Azo dye Color Index: Solvent Yellow 56/11021 Heat Stability: (GPPS): 240C Fastness to Light (1/3 SD GPPS): 2 (8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.15 gm3 PVC: + PS: + PA: SAN: 0 PMMA: PETP: PC: SB: CA/CAB: ABS: ASA: UP: MF/PF: 0 = Suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended + = Suitable - = Unsuitable *listed on the German ban of Azo dyes

-

-

Sudan M Red 380*: Type of Dye: Azo dye Color Index: Solvent Red/26105 Heat Stability (GPPS): 260C Fastness to Light (1/3 SD GPPS): 7 (8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.29 gm3 PVC: + PS: + PA: SAN: 0 PMMA: 0 PETP: Pc: 0 SB: CA/CAB: ABS: ASA: UP: MF/PF: 0 = Suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended = Unsuitable + = Suitable * Listed on the German ban of Azo dyes

-

-

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

63

BASF Corn.: Dves for Plastics: S I J D A N / L U m X i E N / T L A S T jContinued1:

Sudan Blue 670: Type of Dye: Azo dye Color Index: Solvent Blue/61554 Heat Stability (GPPS): 280C Fastness to Light (1/3 SD GPPS): 7 (8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.23 9 3 PVC: + PS: + PA: 0 SAN: 0 PMMA: + PETP: PC: + SB: + CA/CAB: ABS: + ASA: 0 UP: MF/PF: 0 = Suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended + = Suitable - = Unsuitable

-

Lumogen F Yellow 083: Type of Dye: Perylene Color Index: ------Heat Stability (GPPS): 280C Fastness to weathering (PMMA): >90 Specific Gravity: 1.27 cm3 Max (nm) Absorption in ethylene dichloride: 476 Max (nm) Absorption in PMMA: 473 Fluorescence in ethylene dichloride: 490 Max (nm) Quantum Yield: 0.91

Lumogen F Orange 240: Type o f Dye: Perylene Color Index: Fastness to Weathering (PMMA): >85 Heat Stability (PC): 300C Melting Point: >300 Specific Gravity: 1.36 cm3 Max (NU) Absorption in ethylene dichloride: 524 Max (nm) Absorption in PMMA: 525 Fluorescence (nm) in ethylene dichloride: 539 Max Quantum Yield: 0.99

--------

-

64

Plastics Additives

BASF Corn.:

Dyes for Plastics: S L l D A N / L U N O G E N / T ~ R P W T

jContinued) :

Lumogen F Red 300: Type of Dye: Perylene Color Index: -------Fastness to Weathering (PMMA): > 9 5 Heat Stability (PC): 300C Melting Point: >300C Specific Gravity: 1.40 cm3 Max (MI) Absorption in ethylene dichloride: 578 Max (nm) Absorption in PMMA: 578 Fluorescence (nm) in ethylene dichloride: 613 Max. Quantum Yield: 0.98 Lumogen F Violet 5 7 0 : Type of Dye: Naphtalamide Color Index: Fluorescence Brightener 331 Fastness to Weathering (PMMA): >80 after 50 days Heat Stability (PC): 300C Melting Point: >300 Specific Gravity: 1.28 cm3 Max (MI) Absorption in ethylene dichloride: 378 Max (MI) Absorption in PMMA: 3 7 8 Fluorescence (nm) in ethylene dichloride: 413 Max. Quantum Yield: 0 . 9 4 Thermoplast Yellow 084: Type of Dye: Polycyclic Color Index: Solvent Green 5 / 5 9 0 7 5 Heat Stability (GPPS): 300C Fastness to Light (1/3 SD): 7 (8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.27 cm3 RPVC: + PS: + PA: 0 SAN: t PMMA: + PETP: 0 PC: + SB: + CA/CAB: 0 ABS: + ASA: + UP: + MF/PF: + O = Suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended += Suitable - = Unsuitable Thermoplast Yellow 104: Type of Dye: Pyrazolone Yellow Color Index: Solvent Yellow 93 Heat Stability (GPPS): 300C Fastness to light (1/3 SD GPPS): 8 (8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.31 gm3 pvc: + PS: + PA: 0 SAN: + PMMA: + PETP: 0 PC: + SB: 0 CA/CAB: 0 ABS: 0 ASA: 0 UP: + MF/PF: + O= Suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended += Suitable - = Unsuitable

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

65

f l _(Continued) : Thermoplaet Blue 604: Type of Dye: Anthraquinone Blue Color Index: Solvent Violet 13/60725 Heat Stability (GPPS): 300C Fastness to light (1/3 SD GPPS): 7-8(8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.38 gm3 PVC: + PS: + PA: 0 SAN: + PMMA: + PETP: 0 PC: f SB: 0 CA/CAFS: 0 ABS: 0 ASA: 0 UP: + MF/PF: + 0 = suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended + = Suitable - = Unsuitable Therrnoplast Red LB 454: Type of Dye: Monoazo Red Color Index: Solvent Red 195 Heat Stability (GPPS): 300C Fastness to Light (1/3 SD GPPS): 8 (8=best fastness to light) Specific Gravity: 1.28 gm3 PVC: + PS: + PA: 0 SAN: + PMMR: + PETP: 0 PC: + SB: 0 CA/CAB: 0 ABS: 0 ASA: 0 UP: + MF/PF: + 0 = suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended + = Suitable = Unsuitable

-

Thermoplast Black X-70: Type of Dye: Mixture Color Index: ------Heat Stability (GPPS): 300C Fastness to Light (1/3 SD GPPS): 8 (8=best fastness to light) Fastness to Weathering (PS): 5 Fastness to Migration (PS): + Specific Gravity: 1.36 gm3 PVC: + PS: + PA: 0 SAN: + PMMA: + PETP: 0 PC: + SB: 0 CA/CAB: 0 ABS: 0 ASA: 0 UP: + MF/PF: + 0 = Suitable under certain conditions only, preliminary trials recommended + = Suitable - = Unsuitable

66

Plastics Additives

Cabot Corm.: CABOT Special Blacks for Plastics: Fluffy/Pellets: High Color: MONARCH 1100/BLACK PEARLS 1100: Jetness Index: 6 5 For coloring-gives highest jetness Monarch 900/Black Pearls 900: Jetness Index: 70 For coloring-gives high jetness Medium Color: Monarch 88O/Black Pearls 8 8 0 : Jetness Index: 74 For coloring-med. jetness-exc. dispersion Monarch 800/Black Pearls 8 0 0 : Jetness Index: 73 For coloring-med. jet-low oil absorption Monarch 700/Black Pearle 700: Jetness Index: 78 For coloring-med. jet-exc. dispersion Aftertreated: Monarch 1000/Black Pearls 1000: Jetness Index: 69 For resist. plastics-high jetness MOGUL L/Black Pearls L: Jetness Index: 83 For resistive plastics REGAL 400R/Regal 400: Jetness Index: 04 For higher dielectric PVC cble cpd Conductive: WLCAN XC72R/WLCAN XC72: Jetness Index: 87 For optimum electrical conductivity

----- /Vulcan PA80:

Jetness Index: 88 For UV protection and conductivity

Vulcan PF*/Vulcan P: Jetness Index: 08 For good electrical conductivity

-----/ELFTEX TP*: Jetness Index: 88 For good electr. conductivity and W protection

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

Cabot Corn.: CABOT Special Blacks for Plastics (Continued): Fluffy/Pellets: Regular Color: -----/Vulca 9A32: Jetness Index: 84 U.S industry standard for UV protection Elftex 675*/Elftex 6 7 0 * : Jetness Index: 87 Very good W protection Regal 660R/Regal 660: Jetness Index: 83 For color and high tint

-----/Elitex

570* Jetness Index: 88 Good W protection-good dispersion

----/Black Pearls 570: Jetness Index: 86 Good W protection-good dispersion Eltex 465*/Elftex 460*: Jetness Index: 90 High tint strength-good dispersion

-----/Black Pearls

460: Jetness Index: 87 High tint-blue tone

Regal 330R/Regal 330: Jetness Index: 84 High tint-good dispersion

&

color

Regal 300R/Black Pearls 450: Jetness Index: 87 High tint-good dispersion h color Elftex 435*/Elftex 430*: Jetness Index: 87 Low structure for MB or concentrates Elftex 415*/-----: Jetness Index: 84 High tint with blue tone *Grades produced only in Europe

67

68

Plastics Additives

Cabot Corn.: CABOT Special Blacks for Plastics (Continued): Fluffy/Pellets: Uti1i ty : Elftex 285*/Elftex 280*: Jetness Index: 95 Blue tone-exc. dispersion-surface smooth -----/Black Pearls 280: Jetness Index: 95 Blue tone-exc. dispersion-surface smooth

----- /Elftex 160*:

Jetness Index: 96 Very blue tone-easy dispersion

-----/Black Pearls 130: Jetness Index: 99 Excellent jetness

&

tint at low cost

Elftex 125*/Elftex 120*: Jetness Index: 94 Low price blk. for highly loaded concentrates Monarch lZO/Black Pearls 120: Jetness Index: 99 For concentrates--low cost, good color, blue tint

*Grades produced only in Europe

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

69

Cabot Corn.: FDA-Comuliant Carbon Black For Indirect Food Contact AuDlications:

BLACK PEARLS 4350 Carbon Black: FDA regulation 2lCFR 178.3297 Colorants for Polymers has been amended to allow the use of high-purity furnace blacks. Cabot's Black Pearls 4350 carbon black is now compliant with this amended regulation. This carbon black may be used at up to 2.5% loading to make articles intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting or holding food under all temperatures. Performance Features: *Jetness: Provides a medium level of jetness and medium blue undertone similar to gas-fired channel blacks. *Dispersion: Offers superior dispersion to gas-fired channel blacks. *Impact Strength: Provides better polymer impact resistance than gas-fired channel black. *Viscosity: Gives polymer viscosity comparable to that of channel-black-loaded polymer. Black Pearls 4750 Carbon Black: FDA Regulation 2lCFR 178.3297 Colorants for Polymers has been amended to allow the use of high-purity furnace blacks. Black Pearls 4750 is now compliant with this amended regulation. This carbon black may be used at up to 2 . 5 % loading to make articles intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting or holding food under all temperatures. Performance Features: *Jetness: Exhibits higher jetness levels than gas-fired channel black. *Dispersion: Offers superior dispersion to gas-fired channel blacks. *Impact Strength: 4750 carbon-black-filled polymers exhibit improved impact strength vs. the channel black. *Viscosity: Gives polymer viscosity comparable to that of channel-black-loaded polymer.

70

Plastics Additives

Clariant Corn.: GRAPHTOL Pisments for Plastics: Graphtol pigments are somewhat inferior in general fastness properties to PV Fast Pigments. The migration properties of the PV Fast pigments are not quite reached. The light fastness and heat stability meet the general requirements. Yellow 3GP: Rubine L6B: C.I. Pigment Red 57:l C.I. Pigment Yellow 155 Yellow GG: C.I. No.: 15850:l C.I. Pigment Yellow 17 Bordeaux HF3R: C.I. No.: 21105 C.I. Pigment Violet 32 Yellow GXS: C.I. No.: 12517 C.I. Pigment Yellow 14 C.I. No.: 21095 Yellow GR: WATCHUNG: RT-430-D: C.I. Pigment Yellow 13 Watchung Red B: C.I. No.: 21100 C.I. Pigment Red 48:2 Orange GPS: C.I. No.: 15865:Z C.I. Pigment Orange 13 C.I. No.: 21110 Orange RL: C.I. Pigment Orange 34 C.I. No.: 21115 Red HFG: C.I. Pigment Orange 38 C.I. No.: 12367 Red BB: C.I. Pigment Red 38 C.I. No.: 21120 Red LG: C.I. Pigment Red 53:l C.I. No.: 15585:l Red LC: C.I. Pigment Red 53:l C.I. No.: 15585:l Fire Red 3RLP: C.I. Pigment Red 48:3 C.I. No.: 15865:3 Red HF2B: C.I. Pigment Red 208 C.I. No.: 12514 Red F3RK 70: C.I. Pigment Red 170 C.I. No.: 12475 Red 2BN: C.I. Pigment Red 262 Red FSRK: C.I. Pigment Red 170 C.I. No.: 12475 Carmine HF3C: C.I. Pigment Red 176 C.I. No.: 12515 Carmine HF4C: C.I. Pigment Red 185 C.I. No.: 12516

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

71

Clariant Cam.: PV Fast Pisments for Plastics: Because of their very good general fastness properties the PV Fast pigments can, with few exceptions, be used in all types of plastic. They were selected primarily on the strength of their light fastness, heat stability, and migration fastness.

PV : Fast Yellow H2G: C.1. Pigment Yellow 120 C.I. No.: 11783 Fast Yellow HG: C.I. Pigment Yellow 180 C.I. No.: 21290 Fast Yellow HGR: C.I. Pigment Yellow 191 C.I. No.: 18795 Fast Yellow HR: C.I. Pigment Yellow 83 C.I. No.: 21108 Fast Yellow HR 02: C.I. Pigment Yellow 83 C.I. No.: 21108 Fast Yellow H3R: C.I. Pigment Yellow 181 C.I. No.: 11777 Faet Orange H4GL 01: C.I. Pigment Orange 72 Fast Orange GRL: C.I. Pigment Orange 43 C.I. No.: 71105 Fast Orange 6 R L : C.I. Pigment Orange 68 Fast Scarlet 4 R F : C.I. Pigment Red 242 C.I. No.: 20067 Fast Red B: C.I. Pigment Red 149 C.I. No.: 71137 Fast Red HFT: C.I. Pigment Red 175 C.I. No.: 12513 Fast Red 3B: C.I. Pigment Red 144 C.I. No.: 20735 Fast Red HG: C.I. Pigment Red 247 C.I. No. 15915 Fast Red HB: C.I. PIgment Red 247 C.I. No.: 15915

72

Plastics Additives

Clariant Corn.: PV Fast Pisaents for Plastics (Continued): Fast Red BNP: C.I. Pigment Red 214 Fast Red HF4B: C.I. Pigment Red 187 C.I. No.: 12486 Fast Red E3B: C.I. Pigment Violet 19 C.I. No.: 73900 Fast Red E5B: C.I. Pigment Violet 19 C.I. No.: 73900 Fast Pink E: C.I. Pigment Red 122 C.I. No.: 73915 Fast Pink E 01: C.I. Pigment Red 122 C.I. No.: 73915 Faet Violet ER VP 2223: C.I. Pigment Violet 19 C.I. No.: 73900 Fast Violet BLP: C.I. Pigment Violet 23 C.I. No.: 51319 Fast Violet RL: C.I. Pigment Violet 23 C.I. No.: 51319 Fast Blue A2R: C.I. PIgment Blue 15:l C.I. No.: 74160 Fast Blue BV: C.I. Pigment Blue 15:l C.I. No. 74160 Fast Blue PGLSP: C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3 C.I. NO. 74160 Fast Blue BG: C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3 (2.1. No: 74160 Fast Green GG: C.I. Pigment Green 7 C.I. No.: 74260 Fast Pigment Green GNX: C.I. Green 7 C.I. No.: 74260 Fast Pigment Brown HFR: C.I. Brown 25 C.I. No.: 12510 Fast White R 01: C.I. Pigment White 6 C.I. No.: 77891

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

73

Dav-Glo Color Corn.: DAY-GLO Piaments for Plastics: A & AX Pigments:

Are thermoplastic fluorescent pigments which are recommended for a wide range of applications where resistance to strong solvents is not needed. The A- and AX-Pigments are used in such applications as paper coatings, vinyl coated fabric, A-type gravure inks, paints, screen inks, vinyl plastisols and organisols and plastics with melt temperatures less than 380F (193C). Available Colors: Aurora Pink* Neon Red* Rocket Red* Fire Orange* Blaze Orange* Arc Yellow* Saturn Yellow* Signal Green* Horizon Blue* Corona Magenta* * Trademark of Day-Glo Color Corp. T & GT Pigments: Are based on a thermoset resin. They are useful in applications where solvent resistance is required. GT-Pigments have higher color strength than T-Pigments. Available Colors: Aurora Pink* Neon Red* Rocket Red* Fire Orange* Blaze Orange* Arc Yellow* Saturn Yellow* Signal Green* Horizon Blue* Corona Magenta* * Trademark of Day-Glo Color Corp.

74

Plastics Additives

Day-Glo Color Corp.:

DAZZLE COLORS:

A new line of highly visible and energetic polyester metallized foil films. Coated in a variety of vibrant colors, these sparkle colors can be used in graphic arts, paint, textile and plastics applications. These products are available in a wide range of colors and particle sizes, tailored to specific applications. The standard particle sizes are 0 . 4 mm and 0.1 nun square cut for Dazzle Colors. Smaller or larger sizes are available by special request. Color: General Purpose Temperature: Silver Gold Green Violet Red Blue Pink Dark Blue Light Gold Cherry Pink

64

Sky Blue Black White Multicolor Light Brown Dark Brown Hologram: Jewel Hologram Phosphorescent: Night Glow

Low Textile: Blizzard White Sunburst Yellow Forest Green Lavender Violet Cocktail Pink Aqua Blue Fire Engine Red Aluminum: Anniversary Silver Treasure Gold Emerald Green Copper Orange Ruby Red Royal Blue Champagne Pink Midnight Black

Pigments, Colorants. and Dyes

DeQussa Corn.:

Carbon Blacks:

Domestic Furnace Blacks: PRINTBX 60: Type: RCF: Regular Color Furnace Particle Size (nm): 21 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 116 Beads: 100 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 105 BET-Surface Area (m2/9): 115 Printex L: Type! Conductive Black Particle Size (nm): 23 DBP Absorption (m1/100q): Powder: 116 Beads: 114 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 102 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 150 Printex 55: Type: RCF Particle Size (nm): 25 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 48 Beads: 48 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 119 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 110 Printex 45: Type: RCF Particle Size (nm): 26 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 52 Beads: 52 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 115 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 90 Printex 300: Type: RCF Particle Size (nm): 27 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 65 Beads: 68 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 109 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 80 Printex 30: Type: RCF Particle Size (nm): 27 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 106 Beads: 99 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 100 BET-Surface Area ( m 2 / g ) : 80

75

76

Plastics Additives

Deaussa Corp.: Carbon Blacks (Continued): Domestic Furnace Blacks (Continued): Printex 3: Type: RCF (Regular Color Furnace) Particle Size (nm): 27 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 125 Beads: 124 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 90 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 80 Printex 35: Type: RCF Particle Size (nm): 31 DBP Absorption (rn1/100g): Powder: 42 Beads: 4 2 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 100 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 65 Printex A: Type: LCF (Low Color Furnace) Particle Size (nm): 41 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 118 Beads: 118 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 69 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 45 Printex G: Type: LCF Particle Size (nm): 51 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 96 Beads: 89 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 64 BET Surface Area (m2/g: 30 Printex 25: Type: LCF Particle Size (nm): 56 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 46 Beads: 46 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 88 BET Surface Area (mZ/g): 45

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

Deaussa C o w . : Carbon Blacks (Continued): Imported Furnace Blacks: Printex 85: Type: MCF (Medium Color Furnace) Particle Size (nm): 16 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 48 Beads: 46 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 120 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 200 Printex L 6 : Type: Conductive Black Particle Size (nm): 18 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 120 Beads: 120 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB=3: 108 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 265 Special Black 550: Type: RCF (Regular Color Furnace) Particle Size (nm): 25 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 49 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 114 BET-Surface Area ( m 2 / g ) : 110 Special Black 350: Type: RCF Particle Size (nm): 31 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 50 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 99 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 65 Special Black 100: Type: LCF (Low Color Furnace) Particle Size (nm): 50 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 93 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 64 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 30 Special Black 250: Type: LCF Particle Size (nm): 56 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 48 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 90 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 40 Printex XE 2: Type: Extra Conductive Black Particle Size (nm): 35 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Beads: 400 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 124 BET-Surface Area ( m 2 / g ) : 1000

77

78

Plastics Additives

Degussa Corn.: Carbon Blacks (Continued):

Channel Type Imported Blacks: Color Black FW 2 0 0 : Equivalent to: HCC (High Color Channel) Particle Size (nm): 13 Oil Absorption (F.P.)%: Powder: 620 Beads: 450 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 107 BET-Surface Area (mZ/g): 460 Color Black FW 2 : Equivalent to: HCC Particle Size (nm): 13 Oil Absorption (F.P.)%: Powder: 670 Beads: 500 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 107 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 460 Color Black FW 18: Equivalent to: HCC Particle Size (nm): 15 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %: Powder: 810 Beads: 600 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 122 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 260 Special Black 6 : Equivalent to: HCC Particle Size (nm): 17 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %: Powder: 520 Beads: 400 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 110 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 300 Color Black S 170: Equivalent to: MCC (Medium Color Channel) Particle Size (nm): 17 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %: Powder: 680 Beads: 560 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 121 BET-Surface Area (mZ/g): 200 Special Black 5 : Equivalent to: MCC Particle Size (nm): 20 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %: Powder: 410 Beads: 360 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 110 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 2 4 0

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

Dequssa Corp.: Carbon Blacks (Continued): Channel Type Imported Blacks (Continued): Special Black 4: Equivalent to: RCC (Regular Color Channel) Particle Size (nm): 25 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %: Powder: 300 Beads: 230 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 100 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 180 Special Black 4 A: Particle Size (nm): 25 Oil Absorption (F.P.) $: Powder: 230 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 95 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 180 Printex U: Equivalent to: RCC Particle Size (nm): 25 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %:

Powder: 420 Beads: 310 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 108 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 100

Printex 150 T: Equivalent to: RCC Particle Size (nm): 29 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %: Powder: 400 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 100 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 110 Printex 140 U: Equivalent to: RCC Particle Size (nm): 29 Oil Absorption (F.P.) %: Powder: 380 Beads: 280 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 103 BET Surface Area (m2/g): 90 Imported Lamp Blacks: Lamp Black 101: Type: Lamp Black Particle Size (nm): 95 DBP Absorption (m1/100g): Powder: 112 Beads: 100 Relative Tinting Strength/IRB3=100: 29 BET-Surface Area (m2/g): 20

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80

Plastics Additives

Deuussa Corn.:

Piqment Black Preparations for Plastics:

COLCOLOR E30/90: Pigment Black: Printex 90 Pigment Black Concentration % : 30 Binder: Polyethylene, low density Colcolor E 40/P: Pigment Black: Printex P Pigment Black Concentration %: 40 Binder: Polyethylene, low density Colcolor E 40/60: Pigment Black: Printex 60 Pigment Black Concentration 0 : 40 Binder: Polyethylene, low density Colcolor E 50/G: Pigment Black: Printex G Pigment Black Concentration %: 50 Binder: Polyethylene, low density Colcolor E 60/R: Pigment Black: LCF black Pigment Black Concentration %: 60 Binder: Polyethylene, low density Colcolor E-€ID 25/L: Pigment Black: Printex L Pigment Black Concentration %: 2 5 Binder: Polyethylene, high density Colcolor LC PP 10: Pigment Black: Printex P Pigment Black Concentration % : 25 Binder: Polypropylene Colcolor P 30/18: Pigment Black: Colour Black FW 18 Pigment Black Concentration %: 30 Binder: Polypropylene Colcolor EVA 40/60: Pigment Black: Printex 60 Pigment Black Concentration 0: 40 Binder: Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Colcolor S 35/60: Pigment Black: Printex 60 Pigment Black Concentration P,: 35 Binder: Polystyrene Colcolor SAN 25/18: Pigment Black: Colour Black FW 18 Pigment Black Concentration %: 25 Binder: Styrene acrylonitrile Colcolor VC 45/25: Pigment Black: Printex 25 Pigment Black Concentration 8 : 4 5 Binder: Polyvinyl chloride Colcolor VC 30/300: Pigment Black: Printex 300 Pigment Black Concentration %: 30 Binder: Polyvinyl chloride

Pigments, Colorants, and Dyes

Dequssa Corn.: Piament Black PreDarations for Plastics (Continued): Colcolor VC 35/L: Pigment Black: Printex L Pigment Black Concentration %: 35 Binder: Polyvinyl chloride Colcolor UNI 5 0 : Pigment Black: MCF black Pigment Black Concentration %: 50 Binder: Copolymer blend Colcolor UNI 51: Pigment Black: MCF black Pigment Black Concentration %: 50 Binder: Copolymer blend Tack W P 15/1: Pigment Black: Colour Black FW Pigment Black Concentration %: Binder: Dioctyl phthalate Tack DOP 25/V: Pigment Black: Printex V Pigment Black Concentration %: Binder: Dioctyl phthalate Tack DOP 30/G: Pigment Black: Printex G Pigment Black Concentration %: Binder: Dioctyl phthalate

1 15

25

30

DERUSSOL W 25/L: Pigment Black: Printex L Pigment Black Concentration %: 2 5 Binder: Water + wetting agent, anion-active Derussol AN 1-25/L: Pigment Black: Printex L Pigment Black Concentration %: 25 Binder: Water + wetting agent, non-ionogenic Deruseol 2 35: Pigment Black: Printex V Pigment Black Concentration %: 35 Binder: Water + wetting agent, anion-active Derueeol 345: Pigment Black: Printex 300 Pigment Black Concentration %: 45 Binder: Water + wetting agent, anion-active

87

82

Plastics Additives

D.J. Entemrises. Inc.: Svnthetic Carbon-910-44M: Synthetic Carbon-910 is custom ground to t 4 4 micron for uniform dispersion, ideally used in rubber compounds, coatings and plastic composites. Easier Dispersion--Faster Wetting--Lower Cost D . J . Enterprises offers a lower cost replacement for carbon black petroleum-based products, and provides high quality and performance.

Their product is basically derived from high purity metallurgical carbon which has been superheated to drive off organic tramp elements, then screen to t 4 4 micron to insure easy distribution in your formulation. They are able to maintain a 200 Pour Point ASTM (Crystallizing Point) C: -5 Refractive index: 1.447 Absolute viscosity at 20C: cP: 22 Bieoflex DOA: An efficient low temperature plasticizer for vinyl chloride polymers and copolymers and the more polar synthetic rubbers. Its Chemical Abstract Service Number is 103-23-1. Typical Specification: Appearance: Clear and free of suspended matter Colour, Pt/Co: max: 50 Density at 20: kg/litre: 0.924-0.928 Ester Content: % mass min: 99.0 Acidity (as adipic acid): % mass: 0.025 Water Content: % mass max: 0.1 Physical Properties: Molecular mass: 371 Density at 20C: kg/litre: 0.926 Boiling Point at 13.3 mbar: C: 232 Vapour Pressure at 200C: mbar: 3 . 3 Flash point, Pensky Martens open cup: C: 213 Pour Point: C: