Pars I: Latin-English Vocabulary I

HANS H. ØRBERG

LINGVA LATINA per se illvstrata pars i

familia romana

LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY I

domvs latina mmi

LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY I © Hans H. Ørberg 1998

LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA by Hans H. Ørberg PARS I: FAMILIA ROMANA PARS II: ROMA AETERNA INDICES COLLOQVIA PERSONARVM GRAMMATICA LATINA PLAVTVS: AMPHITRYO PETRONIVS: CENA TRIMALCHIONIS Domus Latina, Hans H. Ørberg Skovvangen 7, DK-8500 Grenaa, Denmark www.lingua-latina.dk Focus Publishing, Ron Pullins P.O.Box 369, Newburyport, MA 01950, USA www.pullins.com Document typeset with LATEX based on the Word document available at http://focusbookstore. com/LLdownloads.aspx, with minor changes.

A ā/ab/abs prp +abl ab-dūcere ab-errāre ab-esse ā-fuisse ab-icere -iō -iēcisse -iectum ab-īre -eō -iisse abs v. ā/ab/abs absēns -entis adi abs-tinēre ac v. atque/ac ac-cēdere accendere -disse -ēnsum ac-cidere -disse ac-cipere ac-cubāre ac-cumbere -cubuisse ac-currere -rrisse accūsāre ācer -cris -cre acerbus -a -um aciēs -ēī f acūtus -a -um ad prp +acc ad-dere -didisse -ditum ad-esse af-fuisse (+dat) ad-hūc ad-icere -iō -iēcisse -iectum ad-īre -eō -iisse -itum ad-iungere ad-iuvāre ad-mīrārī admīrātiō -ōnis f ad-mittere ad-nectere -xuisse -xum ad-ōrāre adulēscēns -entis m ad-vehere ad-venīre adversus/-um prp +acc adversus -a -um aedificāre aedificium -ī n aeger -gra -grum aegrōtāre aegrōtus -a -um aequē aequinoctium -ī n aequus -a -um āēr -eris m aestās -ātis f aestimāre aetās -ātis f affectus -ūs m af-ferre at-tulisse al-lātum af-ficere af-fīrmāre age -ite +imp ager -grī m

agere ēgisse āctum agmen -inis n agnus -ī m agricola -ae m ain’ āiō ais ait āiunt āla -ae f albus -a -um alere -uisse altum aliēnus -a -um ali-quandō ali-quantum ali-quī -qua -quod ali-quis -quid ali-quot indēcl aliter alius -a -ud aliī… aliī allicere -iō -ēxisse -ectum alter -era -erum altum -ī n altus -a -um amāns -antis m amāre ambulāre amīca -ae f amīcitia -ae f amīcus -ī m amīcus -a -um ā-mittere amnis -is m amoenus -a -um amor -ōris m amphitheātrum -ī n an ancilla -ae f angustus -a -um anima -ae f anim-ad-vertere animal -ālis n animus -ī m annus -ī m ante prp +acc, adv anteā ante-hāc ante-quam antīquus -a -um ānulus -ī m anus -ūs f aperīre -uisse -rtum apertus -a -um apis -is f ap-pārēre appellāre ap-pōnere ap-portāre ap-prehendere ap-propinquāre (+dat) Aprīlis -is (mēnsis) apud prp +acc

from, of, since, by take away, carry off wander away, stray be absent/away/distant throw away go away absent keep off approach, come near light, inflame happen, occur receive recline at table lie down at table come running accuse keen, active, fierce sour, bitter line of battle sharp to, toward, by, at, till add be present, stand by so far, till now, still add go to, approach join to, add help admire, wonder at wonder, admiration let in, admit attach, connect worship, adore young man carry, convey (to) arrive toward, against contrary, unfavorable build building sick, ill be ill sick equally equinox equal, calm air summer value, estimate age mood, feeling bring (to, forward, about) affect, stir assert, affirm come on! well, now field

3

drive, do, perform army on the march, file lamb farmer, peasant you don’t say? really? say wing white feed someone else’s once a good deal some someone, something some, several otherwise another, other some… others attract one, the other, second the open sea high, tall, deep lover love walk girlfriend friendship friend friendly lose river lovely, pleasant love amphitheater or female slave, servant narrow breath, life, soul notice animal, living being mind, soul year in front of, before before, formerly formerly before old, ancient, former ring old woman open, disclose open bee appear call, address place (on), serve bring seize approach, come near April beside, near, by

aqua -ae f aquila -ae f arānea -ae f arāre arātor -ōris m arātrum -ī n arbitrārī arbor -oris f arcessere -īvisse -ītum arcus -ūs m arduus -a -um argenteus -a -um argentum -ī n arma -ōrum n pl armāre armātus -a -um ars artis f as assis m a-scendere -disse asinīnus -a -um asinus -ī m a-spergere -sisse -sum a-spicere at āter -tra -trum atque/ac ātrium -ī n attentus -a -um audācia -ae f audāx -ācis adi audēre ausum esse audīre au-ferre abs-tulisse ab-lātum au-fugere augēre -xisse -ctum Augustus -ī (mēnsis) aureus -a -um aurīga -ae m auris -is f aurum -ī n aut aut… aut autem autumnus -ī m auxilium -ī n auxilia -ōrum n pl avārus -a -um ā-vertere avis -is f avunculus -ī m

water eagle spider, cobweb plow plowman plough think, believe tree send for, fetch bow steep silver-, of silver silver arms arm, equip armed art, skill as (copper coin) climb, go up, mount ass’s ass, donkey sprinkle, scatter (on) look at, look but black, dark and, as, than main room, hall attentive boldness, audacity bold, audacious dare, venture hear, listen carry off, take away run away, escape increase August gold-; m gold piece charioteer, driver ear gold or either… or but, however autumn help, assistance auxiliary forces greedy, avaricious turn aside, avert bird (maternal) uncle

B baculum -ī n bālāre balneum -ī n barbarus -a -um bāsium -ī n beātus -a -um bellum -ī n bellus -a -um

stick bleat bath, bathroom foreign, barbarian kiss happy war lovely, pretty

4

bene beneficium -ī n bēstia -ae f bēstiola -ae f bibere -bisse bīnī -ae -a bis bonum -ī n bonus -a -um bōs bovis m/f bracchium -ī n brevī adv brevis -e

well benefit, favor beast, animal small animal, insect drink two (each) twice good, blessing good ox arm soon short

C cachinnus -ī m cadere cecidisse caecus -a -um caedere cecīdisse caesum caedēs -is f caelum -ī n calamus -ī m calceus -ī m calidus -a -um calor -ōris m campus -ī m candidus -a -um canere cecinisse canis -is m/f cantāre cantus -ūs m capere -iō cēpisse captum capillus -ī m capitulum -ī n caput -itis n carcer -eris m cardō -inis m carēre +abl carmen -inis n carō carnis f carpere -psisse -ptum cārus -a -um castra -ōrum n pl cāsus -ūs m catēna -ae f cauda -ae f causa -ae f gen (/meā) + causā cautus -a -um cavēre cāvisse cautum cēdere cessisse celer -eris -ere celsus -a -um cēna -ae f cēnāre cēnsēre -uisse -sum centēsimus -a -um centum cēra -ae f cerebrum -ī n

laugh, guffaw fall blind beat, fell, kill killing, slaughter sky, heaven reed, pen shoe warm, hot; f hot water warmth, heat plain white, bright sing (of), crow, play dog sing singing, music take, catch, capture hair chapter head, chief, capital prison door pivot, hinge be without, lack song, poem flesh, meat gather, pick, crop dear camp fall, case chain tail cause, reason for the sake of cautious beware (of) go, withdraw swift, quick tall dinner dine, have dinner think hundredth a hundred wax brain

cernere crēvisse certāmen -inis n certāre certē certō adv certus -a -um cessāre cēterī -ae -a cēterum adv cēterus -a -um charta -ae f cibus -ī m cingere -īnxisse -īnctum -cipere -iō -cēpisse -ceptum circā prp +acc circēnsēs -ium m pl circēnsis -e circiter circum prp +acc circum-dare circum-silīre circus -ī m cis prp +acc citerior -ius comp citrā prp +acc cīvis -is m/f clāmāre clāmor -ōris m clārus -a -um classis -is f claudere -sisse -sum claudus -a -um clausus -a -um clāvis -is f clēmēns -entis adi cocus -ī m coep- v. incipere cōgere co-ēgisse -āctum cōgitāre cognōmen -inis n cognōscere -ōvisse -itum cohors -rtis f colere -uisse cultum collis -is m col-loquī colloquium -ī n collum -ī n colōnus -ī m color -ōris m columna -ae f comes -itis m comitārī com-memorāre commūnis -e cōmoedia -ae f com-parāre com-plectī -exum com-plēre -ēvisse -ētum com-plūrēs -a com-putāre

discern, perceive contest, fight contend, fight certainly, at any rate for certain certain, sure leave off, cease the other(s), the rest besides, however remaining paper food surround

cōnārī condiciō -ōnis f cōn-ficere cōn-fīdere +dat cōn-fitērī -fessum con-iungere coniūnx -iugis m/f cōn-scendere -disse cōn-sequī cōn-sīdere -sēdisse cōnsilium -ī n cōn-sistere -stitisse cōn-sōlārī cōnsonāns -antis f cōnspectus -ūs m cōn-spicere cōnstāns -antis adi cōn-stāre -stitisse cōnstāre ex cōn-stituere -uisse -ūtum cōn-sūmere con-temnere -mpsisse -mptum con-tinēre -uisse -tentum continuō adv contrā prp +acc con-trahere contrārius -a -um con-turbāre con-venīre convenīre (ad/+dat) con-vertere convīva -ae m/f convīvium -ī n con-vocāre cōpia -ae f cōpulāre coquere -xisse -ctum cor cordis n cōram prp +abl cornū -ūs n corpus -oris n cor-rigere -rēxisse -rēctum cotīdiē crās crassus -a -um crēdere -didisse +dat crēscere -ēvisse cruciāre crūdēlis -e cruentus -a -um cruor -ōris m crūs -ūris n crux -ucis f cubāre -uisse -itum cubiculum -ī n culīna -ae f culter -trī m cum prp +abl

round games in the circus of the circus about round surround hop about circle, orbit, circus on this side of nearer on this side of citizen, countryman shout shout, shouting bright, clear, loud fleet shut, close lame closed, shut key mild, lenient cook compel, force think surname get to know, recognize cohort cultivate hill talk, converse conversation neck (tenant) farmer color column companion accompany mention common comedy compare embrace fill, complete several calculate, reckon

5

attempt, try condition make, accomplish trust confess join, connect consort, wife mount, board follow, overtake sit down advice, decision, intention, plan stop, halt comfort, console consonant sight, view catch sight of, see steady, firm be fixed, cost consist of fix, decide spend, consume despise, scorn contain immediately against draw together, wrinkle opposite, contrary mix up, confound come together, meet fit, be fitting turn guest dinner-party call together abundance, lot join, connect cook heart in the presence of horn body correct every day tomorrow thick, fat believe, trust, entrust grow torture, torment cruel blood-stained, bloody blood leg cross lie (in bed) bedroom kitchen knife with

cum coniūnctiō cum prīmum +perf cūnae -ārum f pl cūnctus -a -um cupere -iō -īvisse cupiditās -ātis f cupidus -a -um (+gen) cūr cūra -ae f cūrāre currere cucurrisse currus -ūs m cursus -ūs m cūstōdīre

when, as as soon as cradle whole; pl all desire desire desirous (of), eager (for) why care, anxiety care for, look after, take care run chariot race, journey, course guard

D dare dedisse datum dē prp +abl dea -ae f dēbēre dēbilis -e decem December -bris (mēnsis) decēre deciēs decimus -a -um dēclīnāre de-esse dē-fuisse (+dat) dē-fendere -disse -ēnsum de-inde/dein dēlectāre dēlēre -ēvisse -ētum dēliciae -ārum f pl delphīnus -ī m dēmere -mpsisse -mptum dē-mōnstrāre dēmum adv dēnārius -ī m dēnī -ae -a dēnique dēns dentis m dē-nuō deorsum adv dē-rīdēre dē-scendere -disse dē-serere -uisse -rtum dēsīderāre dē-silīre -uisse dē-sinere -siisse dē-sistere -stitisse dē-spērāre dē-spicere dē-tergēre dē-terrēre dē-trahere deus -ī m, pl deī/diī/dī dē-vorāre dexter -tra -trum dīcere -xisse dictum dictāre

give (down) from, of, about goddess owe, be obliged weak ten December be fitting, become ten times tenth decline, inflect be missing, fail defend afterward, then delight, please delete, efface delight, pet dolphin remove point out, show at last, only denarius (silver coin) ten (each) finally, at last tooth anew, again down laugh at, make fun of go down, descend leave, desert long for, miss jump down finish, stop, end leave off, cease lose hope, despair (of) look down (on), despise wipe off deter pull off god swallow up, devour right; f the right (hand) say, call, speak dictate

6

dictum -ī n diēs -ēī m (f) dif-ficilis -e, sup -illimus digitus -ī m dignus -a -um dīligēns -entis adi dīligere -ēxisse -ēctum dīmidius -a -um dī-mittere dīrus -a -um dis-cēdere discere didicisse discipulus -ī m dis-iungere dis-suādēre diū, comp diūtius dīves -itis adi dīvidere -vīsisse -vīsum dīvitiae -ārum f pl docēre -uisse doctum doctus -a -um dolēre dolor -ōris m domī loc domina -ae f dominus -ī m domum adv domus -ūs f, abl -ō dōnāre dōnec dōnum -ī n dormīre dorsum -ī n dubitāre dubius -a -um du-centī -ae -a dūcere -xisse ductum uxōrem dūcere dulcis -e dum dum-modo dumtaxat duo -ae -o duo-decim duo-decimus -a -um duo-dē-trīgintā duo-dē-vīgintī dūrus -a -um dux ducis m

saying, words day, date difficult, hard finger worthy careful, diligent love, be fond of half send away, dismiss dreadful go away, depart learn pupil, disciple separate advise not to long rich, wealthy separate, divide riches teach, instruct learned, skilled hurt, feel pain, grieve pain, grief at home mistress master home house, home give, present with as long as gift, present sleep back doubt undecided, doubtful two hundred guide, lead, draw, trace marry sweet while, as long as, till provided that, if only only, just two twelve twelfth twenty-eight eighteen hard leader, chief, general

E ē v. ex/ē ēbrius -a -um ecce ēducāre ē-dūcere ef-ficere ef-fugere ef-fundere ego mē mihi/mī

drunk see, look, here is bring up bring out, draw out make, effect, cause escape, run away pour out, shed I, me, myself

ē-gredī -ior -gressum ēgregius -a -um ē-icere -iō - iēcisse -iectum ē-līdere -sisse -sum ē-ligere -lēgisse -lēctum emere ēmisse ēmptum ēn enim ēnsis -is m eō adv epigramma -atis n epistula -ae f eques -itis m equidem equitātus -ūs m equus -ī m ergā prp +acc ergō ē-ripere -iō -uisse -reptum errāre ē-rubēscere -buisse ē-rumpere erus -ī m esse sum fuisse futūrum esse/fore ēsse edō ēdisse ēsum et et… et et-enim etiam etiam atque etiam etiam-nunc et-sī ē-volāre ē-volvere -visse -volūtum ex/ē prp +abl ex-audīre ex-citāre ex-clāmāre ex-cōgitāre ex-cruciāre ex-currere -rrisse -rsum ex-cūsāre exemplum -ī n exercitus -ūs m ex-haurīre exiguus -a -um ex-īre -eō -iisse -itum ex-īstimāre exitus -ūs m ex-ōrnāre ex-plānāre ex-pōnere ex-pugnāre ex-pugnātiō -ōnis f ex-spectāre ex-tendere -disse -tum extrā prp +acc

go out outstanding, excellent throw out omit, elide choose, select buy look, here is for sword to that place, there epigram letter horseman indeed, for my part cavalry horse toward therefore, so snatch away, deprive of wander, stray blush break out master be

F faber -brī m fābula -ae f fābulārī facere -iō fēcisse factum faciēs -ēī f facile adv facilis -e, sup -illimus factum -ī n fallāx -ācis adi fallere fefellisse falsum falsus -a -um falx -cis f fāma -ae f famēs -is f familia -ae f fārī fatērī fassum fatīgāre fātum -ī n favēre fāvisse +dat Februārius -ī (mēnsis) fēlīcitās -ātis f fēlīx -īcis adi fēmina -ae f fenestra -ae f fera -ae f ferē ferōx -ōcis adi ferre tulisse lātum ferreus -a -um ferrum -ī n fertilis -e ferus -a -um fessus -a -um -ficere -iō -fēcisse -fectum fīdere fīsum esse +dat fidēs -eī f fidēs -ium f pl fidicen -inis m fīdus -a -um fierī factum esse

eat and, also both… and and indeed, for also, even, yet again and again still even if, although fly out unroll out of, from, of, since hear wake up, arouse cry out, exclaim think out, devise torture, torment run out, rush out excuse example, model army drain, empty small, scanty go out consider, think exit, way out, end adorn, decorate explain put out/ashore, expose conquer conquest wait (for), expect stretch out, extend outside

fīgere -xisse -xum fīlia -ae f fīliola -ae f fīliolus -ī m fīlius -ī m fīlum -ī n fīnīre fīnis -is m flāre flectere -xisse -xum flēre -ēvisse flōs -ōris m flūctus -ūs m fluere -ūxisse flūmen -inis n fluvius -ī m foedus -a -um

7

artisan, smith story, fable, play talk, chat make, do, cause face easily easy deed, act deceitful deceive false sickle rumor, reputation hunger, famine domestic staff, family speak admit, confess tire out, weary fate, destiny, death favor, support February good fortune, luck fortunate, lucky woman window wild animal about, almost fierce, ferocious carry, bring, bear of iron, ironiron, steel fertile wild tired, weary trust, rely on trust, faith, loyalty lyre lyre-player faithful, reliable be made, be done, become, happen fix, fasten daughter little daughter little son son thread limit, finish boundary, limit, end blow bend, turn cry, weep (for) flower wave flow river river ugly, hideous

folium -ī n forās adv foris -is f forīs adv fōrma -ae f fōrmōsus -a -um forsitan fortasse forte adv fortis -e fortūna -ae f forum -ī n fossa -ae f frangere frēgisse frāctum frāter -tris m fremere -uisse frequēns -entis adi fretum -ī n frīgēre frīgidus -a -um frīgus -oris n frōns -ontis f frūgēs -um f pl fruī +abl frūmentum -ī n frūstrā fuga -ae f fugere -iō fūgisse fugitīvus -a -um fulgur -uris n fundere fūdisse fūsum funditus adv fundus -ī m fūr -is m fūrtum -ī n futūrus -a -um (v. esse) tempus futūrum

leaf out leaf of a door, door outside, out of doors form, shape, figure beautiful perhaps, maybe perhaps, maybe by chance strong, brave fortune square ditch, trench break, shatter brother growl numerous, frequent strait be cold cold, chilly, cool cold forehead fruit, crops enjoy corn, grain in vain flight run away, flee runaway flash of lightning pour, shed to the bottom, utterly bottom thief theft future future

G gallus -ī m gaudēre gavīsum esse gaudium -ī n geminus -a -um gemma -ae f gemmātus -a -um gena -ae f gēns gentis f genū -ūs n genus -eris n gerere gessisse gestum glaciēs -ēī f gladiātor -ōris m gladiātōrius -a -um gladius -ī m glōria -ae f glōriōsus -a -um gracilis -e gradus -ūs m Graecus -a -um grammatica -ae f

cock, rooster be glad, be pleased joy, delight twin precious stone, jewel set with a jewel cheek nation, people knee kind, sort carry, wear, carry on, do ice gladiator gladiatorial sword glory glorious, boastful slender step, degree Greek grammar

grātia -ae f gen (/meā) + grātiā grātiam habēre grātiās agere grātus -a -um gravida adi f gravis -e gremium -ī n grex -egis m gubernāre gubernātor -ōris m gustāre H habēre habitāre hasta -ae f haud haurīre -sisse -stum herba -ae f herī heu heus hic haec hoc hīc hiems -mis f hinc hodiē holus -eris n homō -inis m hōra -ae f horrendus -a -um horrēre hortārī hortus -ī m hospes -itis m hostis -is m hūc hūmānus -a -um humī loc humilis -e humus -ī f I iacere -iō iēcisse iactum iacēre iactāre iactūra -ae f iam iānitor -ōris m iānua -ae f Iānuārius -ī (mēnsis) ibi -icere -iō -iēcisse -iectum īdem eadem idem id-eō idōneus -a -um īdūs -uum f pl iecur -oris n

8

favor, gratitude for the sake of be grateful thank pleasing, grateful pregnant heavy, severe, grave lap flock, herd, band steer, govern steersman taste

have, hold, consider dwell, live lance not draw (water), bail grass, herb yesterday o! alas! hey! hello! this here winter from here, hence today vegetable human being, person hour dreadful bristle, stand on end, shudder (at) encourage, urge garden guest, guest-friend enemy here, to this place human on the ground low ground

throw, hurl lie throw, toss about throwing away, loss now, already doorkeeper door January there the same for that reason fit, suitable 13th /15th (of the month) liver

igitur ignārus -a -um ignis -is m ignōrāre ignōscere -ōvisse +dat ignōtus -a -um ille -a -ud illīc illinc illūc illūstrāre imāgō -inis f imber -bris m imitārī im-mātūrus -a -um immō im-mortālis -e im-pār -aris adi im-patiēns -entis adi im-pendēre +dat imperāre +dat imperātor -ōris m imperium -ī n impetus -ūs m im-piger -gra -grum im-plēre -ēvisse -ētum im-plicāre -uisse -itum impluvium -ī n im-pōnere im-primere -pressisse -pressum im-probus -a -um īmus -a -um sup in prp +abl prp +acc in-certus -a -um in-cipere -iō coepisse coeptum in-clūdere -sisse -sum incola -ae m/f in-colere incolumis -e inconditus -a -um inde index -icis m in-dignus -a -um in-doctus -a -um induere -uisse -ūtum indūtus +abl industrius -a -um in-ermis -e in-esse in-exspectātus -a -um īnfāns -antis m/f īn-fēlīx -īcis adi īnferior -ius comp īnferus -a -um īnferī -ōrum m pl īnfēstus -a -um īn-fīdus -a -um

therefore, then, so ignorant, unaware fire not know forgive unknown that, the one, he there from there there, thither illuminate, make clear picture rain, shower imitate unripe no, on the contrary immortal unequal impatient threaten command, order, rule (commanding) general command, empire attack, charge active, industrious fill, complete enfold water basin place (in/on), put press (into)

īnfimus -a -um sup īn-fluere īnfrā prp +acc ingenium -ī n ingēns -entis adi in-hūmānus -a -um in-imīcus -ī m in-imīcus -a -um initium -ī n iniūria -ae f in-iūstus -a -um inopia -ae f inquit -iunt inquam īn-scrībere īnscrīptiō -ōnis f īn-struere -ūxisse -ūctum īnstrūmentum -ī n īnsula -ae f integer -gra -grum intellegere -ēxisse -ēctum inter prp +acc inter sē inter-dum inter-eā inter-esse inter-ficere interim internus -a -um inter-pellāre inter-rogāre intrā prp +acc intrāre intuērī intus adv in-validus -a -um in-vehere in-venīre in-vidēre +dat invidia -ae f in-vocāre iocōsus -a -um ipse -a -um īra -ae f īrātus -a -um īre eō iisse itum is ea id iste -a -ud ita ita-que item iter itineris n iterum iubēre iussisse iussum iūcundus -a -um Iūlius -ī (mēnsis) iungere iūnxisse iūnctum Iūnius -ī (mēnsis) iūs iūris n iūre

bad, wicked lowest in, on, at into, to, against uncertain begin shut up inhabitant inhabit unharmed, safe unpolished, rough from there, thence list, catalogue unworthy, shameful ignorant put on (clothes) dressed in industrious unarmed be (in) unexpected little child, baby unlucky, unfortunate lower, inferior lower the underworld unsafe, infested faithless

9

lowest flow into below nature, character huge, vast inhuman (personal) enemy unfriendly beginning injustice, wrong unjust, unfair lack, scarcity (he/she) says/said I say write on, inscribe inscription draw up, arrange tool, instrument island undamaged, intact understand, realize between, among, during (with) one another now and then meanwhile be between kill meanwhile inner, internal interrupt ask, question inside, within enter look at, watch inside infirm, weak import find envy, grudge envy call upon, invoke humorous, funny himself anger angry go he, she, it, that this, that (of yours) so, in such a way therefore likewise, also journey, march, way again, a second time order, tell pleasant, delightful July join, combine June right, justice justly, rightly

iūstus -a -um iuvāre iūvisse iūtum iuvenis -is m iūxtā prp +acc

just, fair help, delight young man next to, beside

K kalendae -ārum f pl kalendārium -ī n

the 1st (of the month) calendar

L lābī lāpsum labor -ōris m labōrāre labrum -ī n labyrinthus -ī m lac lactis n lacertus -ī m lacrima -ae f lacrimāre lacus -ūs m laedere -sisse -sum laetārī laetitia -ae f laetus -a -um laevus -a -um lāna -ae f largīrī largus -a -um latēre Latīnus -a -um lātrāre latus -eris n lātus -a -um laudāre laus laudis f lavāre lāvisse lautum lectīca -ae f lectulus -ī m lectus -ī m lēgātus -ī m legere lēgisse lēctum legiō -ōnis f legiōnārius -a -um leō -ōnis m levāre levis -e lēx lēgis f libellus -ī m libenter liber -brī m līber -era -erum līberāre libēre: libet +dat līberī -ōrum m pl lībertās -ātis f lībertīnus -ī m licēre: licet +dat ligneus -a -um lignum -ī n līlium -ī n

slip, drop, fall work, toil toil, work, take trouble lip labyrinth milk (upper) arm tear shed tears, weep lake injure, hurt rejoice, be glad joy glad, happy left wool give generously generous be hidden, hide Latin bark side, flank broad, wide praise praise wash, bathe litter, sedan (little) bed bed, couch envoy, delegate read legion legionary lion lift, raise light, slight law little book with pleasure, gladly book free free, set free it pleases children freedom, liberty freedman it is allowed, one may wooden wood lily

10

līmen -inis n līnea -ae f lingua -ae f littera -ae f lītus -oris n locus -ī m loca -ōrum n pl longē longus -a -um loquī locūtum lūcēre lūxisse lucerna -ae f lucrum -ī n luctārī lūdere -sisse -sum lūdus -ī m lūgēre -xisse lūna -ae f lupus -ī m lūx lūcis f

threshold string, line tongue, language letter beach, shore place regions, parts far, by far long speak, talk shine lamp profit, gain wrestle play play, game, school mourn moon wolf light, daylight

M maerēre maestus -a -um magis magister -trī m magnificus -a -um magnus -a -um māior -ius comp Māius -ī (mēnsis) male adv maleficium -ī n mālle māluisse malum -ī n mālum -ī n malus -a -um mamma -ae f māne indēcl n, adv manēre mānsisse manus -ūs f mare -is n margarīta -ae f maritimus -a -um marītus -ī m Mārtius -ī (mēnsis) māter -tris f māteria -ae f mātrōna -ae f mātūrus -a -um māximē māximus -a -um medicus -ī m medium -ī n medius -a -um mel mellis n melior -ius comp mellītus -a -um membrum -ī n meminisse +gen/acc memorāre

grieve sad, sorrowful more schoolmaster, teacher magnificent, splendid big, large, great bigger, older May badly, ill evil deed, crime prefer evil, trouble, harm apple bad, wicked, evil mummy morning; adv in the morning remain, stay hand sea pearl sea-, coastal husband March mother material, substance married woman ripe most, especially biggest, greatest, oldest physician, doctor middle, center mid, middle honey better sweet limb remember, recollect mention

memoria -ae f mendum -ī n mēns mentis f mēnsa -ae f mēnsa secunda mēnsis -is m mentiō -ōnis f mentīrī mercātor -ōris m mercātōrius -a -um mercēs -ēdis f merēre mergere -sisse -sum merīdiēs -ēī m merum -ī n merus -a -um merx -rcis f metere metuere -uisse metus -ūs m meus -a -um, voc mī mīles -itis m mīlitāre mīlitāris -e mīlle, pl mīlia -ium n minārī +dat minimē minimus -a -um sup minister -trī m minor -us comp minuere -uisse -ūtum minus -ōris n, adv mīrābilis -e mīrārī mīrus -a -um miscēre -uisse mixtum misellus -a -um miser -era -erum mittere mīsisse missum modo modo… modo modus -ī m nūllō modō moenia -ium n pl molestus -a -um mollīre mollis -e monēre mōns montis m mōnstrāre mōnstrum -ī n mora -ae f mordēre momordisse -sum morī mortuum mors mortis f mortālis -e mortuus -a -um (< morī) mōs mōris m movēre mōvisse mōtum mox

memory mistake, error mind table dessert month mention lie merchant merchantwage, fee, rent earn, deserve dip, plunge, sink midday, noon, south neat wine pure, neat, undiluted commodity; pl goods reap, harvest fear fear my, mine soldier serve as a soldier military thousand threaten by no means, not at all smallest, youngest servant smaller, younger diminish, reduce less marvelous, wonderful wonder (at), be surprised surprising, strange mix poor, wretched unhappy, miserable send, throw only, just now… now manner, way by no means walls troublesome make soft, soften soft remind, advise, warn mountain point out, show monster delay bite die death mortal dead custom, usage move, stir soon

mulier -eris f multī -ae -a multitūdō -inis f multō +comp multum -ī n, adv mundus -ī m mundus -a -um mūnīre mūnus -eris n mūrus -ī m Mūsa -ae f mūtāre mūtus -a -um mūtuus -a -um mūtuum dare/sūmere N nam -nam namque nārrāre nārrātiō -ōnis f nāscī nātum nāsus -ī m natāre nātūra -ae f nātus -a -um (< nāscī) XX annōs nātus nauta -ae m nāvicula -ae f nāvigāre nāvigātiō -ōnis f nāvis -is f -ne nē nē… quidem nec v. ne-que/nec necāre necessārius -a -um necesse est negāre neglegēns -entis adi neglegere -ēxisse -ēctum negōtium -ī n nēmō -inem -inī nēquam adi indēcl, sup nēquissimus ne-que/nec n.… n. ne-scīre neu v. nē-ve/neu neuter -tra -trum nē-ve/neu nex necis f nīdus -ī m niger -gra -grum nihil/nīl nimis nimium nimius -a -um

11

woman many, a great many large number, multitude much, by far much world, universe clean, neat fortify gift wall Muse change, exchange dumb on loan lend/borrow

for … ever? for relate, tell narrative be born nose swim nature born 20 years old sailor boat sail sailing, voyage ship …? if, whether that not, lest, that not even kill necessary it is necessary deny, say that… not careless neglect business, activity no one, nobody worthless, bad and/but not, nor, not neither… nor not know neither and (that) not, nor killing, murder nest black nothing too, too much too much too big

nisi niveus -a -um nix nivis f nōbilis -e nocēre +dat nōlī -īte +īnf nōlle nōluisse nōmen -inis n nōmināre nōn nōnae -ārum f pl nōnāgēsimus -a -um nōnāgintā nōn-dum nōn-gentī -ae -a nōn-ne nōn-nūllī -ae -a nōn-numquam nōnus -a -um nōs nōbīs nōscere nōvisse noster -tra -trum nostrum gen nota -ae f nōtus -a -um novem November -bris (mēnsis) nōvisse (< nōscere) novus -a -um nox noctis f nūbere -psisse +dat nūbēs -is f nūbilus -a -um nūdus -a -um nūgae -ārum f pl nūllus -a -um num numerāre numerus -ī m nummus -ī m numquam nunc nūntiāre nūntius -ī m nūper nūtrīx -īcis f nux nucis f

if not, except, but snow-white snow well known, famous harm, hurt don’t…! be unwilling, not want name name, call not 5th /7th (of the month) ninetieth ninety not yet nine hundred not? some, several sometimes ninth we, us, ourselves get to know; perf know our, ours of us mark, sign known nine November know new night marry cloud cloudy naked idle talk, rubbish no …? if, whether count number coin, sesterce never now announce, report messenger, message recently nurse nut

ocellus -ī m octāvus -a -um octin-gentī -ae -a octō Octōber -bris (mēnsis) octōgintā oculus -ī m ōdisse odium -ī n of-ferre ob-tulisse -lātum officium -ī n ōlim omnis -e opera -ae f operīre -uisse -ertum opēs -um f pl oportēre: oportet opperīrī -ertum oppidum -ī n op-pugnāre optāre optimus -a -um sup opus -eris n opus est ōra -ae f ōrāre ōrātiō -ōnis f orbis -is m orbis terrārum ōrdināre ōrdō -inis m oriēns -entis m orīrī ortum ōrnāmentum -ī n ōrnāre os ossis n ōs ōris n ōscitāre ōsculārī ōsculum -ī n ostendere -disse ōstiārius -ī m ōstium -ī n ōtiōsus -a -um ōtium -ī n ovis -is f ōvum -ī n

(little) eye eighth eight hundred eight October eighty eye hate hatred offer duty, task once, long ago all, every effort, pains cover resources, wealth it is right, you should wait (for), await town attack wish best, very good work it is needed border, coast pray, beg speech circle, orbit the world arrange, regulate row, rank, order east rise, appear ornament, jewel equip, adorn bone mouth gape, yawn kiss kiss show door-keeper, porter door, entrance leisured, idle leisure sheep egg

O ō ob prp +acc oblīvīscī -lītum +gen/acc ob-oedīre +dat obscūrus -a -um occidēns -entis m oc-cidere -disse oc-cīdere -disse -sum occultāre oc-currere -rrisse +dat ōceanus -ī m

o! on account of forget obey dark west fall, sink, set kill hide meet ocean

P pābulum -ī n paene paen-īnsula -ae f pāgina -ae f pallēre pallidus -a -um pallium -ī n palma -ae f palpitāre pānis -is m papÿrus -ī f

fodder nearly, almost peninsula page be pale pale cloak, mantle palm beat, throb bread, loaf papyrus

12

pār paris adi parāre parātus -a -um parcere pepercisse +dat parentēs -um m pl parere -iō peperisse pārēre (+dat) parricīda -ae m pars -rtis f partīrī parum parvulus -a -um parvus -a -um pāscere pāvisse pāstum passer -eris m passus -ūs m pāstor -ōris m pater -tris m patēre patī passum patiēns -entis adi patientia -ae f patria -ae f paucī -ae -a paulisper paulō +comp, ante/post paulum pauper -eris adi pāx pācis f pectus -oris n pecūlium -ī n pecūnia -ae f pecūniōsus -a -um pecus -oris n pedes -itis m pēior -ius comp pellere pepulisse pulsum penna -ae f pēnsum -ī n per prp +acc per-currere -rrisse -rsum per-cutere -iō -cussisse -cussum per-dere -didisse -ditum per-ferre per-ficere pergere per-rēxisse perīculōsus -a -um perīculum -ī n per-īre -eō -iisse peristÿlum -ī n per-mittere per-movēre perpetuus -a -um per-sequī persōna -ae f per-suādēre -sisse +dat per-territus -a -um per-turbāre per-venīre

equal prepare, make ready ready spare parents give birth to, lay obey parricide part, direction share, divide too little, not quite little, tiny little, small pasture, feed, feast sparrow pace (1.48 m) shepherd father be open suffer, undergo, bear patient forbearance, patience native country/town few, a few for a short time a little a little, little poor peace breast money given to slaves money wealthy livestock, sheep, cattle foot-soldier worse push, drive (off) feather task through, by, during run over, pass over strike, hit

pēs pedis m pessimus -a -um sup petasus -ī m petere -īvisse -ītum phantasma -atis n piger -gra -grum pila -ae f pīlum -ī n pīpiāre pīrāta -ae m pirum -ī n piscātor -ōris m piscis -is m placēre +dat plānē plānus -a -um plaudere -sisse (+dat) plēnus -a -um (+gen/abl) plērī-que plērae- plēraplērumque adv plōrāre plūrēs -a comp plūrimī -ae -a sup plūs plūris n, adv pōculum -ī n poena -ae f poēta -ae m poēticus -a -um pollicērī pōnere posuisse positum populus -ī m porcus -ī m porta -ae f portāre portus -ūs m poscere poposcisse posse potuisse possidēre -sēdisse post prp +acc, adv post-eā posterior -ius comp posterus -a -um posthāc post-quam postrēmō adv postrēmus -a -um sup postulāre pōtāre potestās -ātis f pōtiō -ōnis f potius prae prp +abl praecipuē praedium -ī n praedō -ōnis m prae-esse (+dat) prae-ferre praemium -ī n prae-nōmen -inis n

destroy, ruin, waste carry, endure complete, accomplish proceed, go on dangerous, perilous danger, peril perish, be lost peristyle allow, permit move deeply continuous, permanent follow, pursue character, person persuade, convince terrified upset get to, reach

13

foot worst hat make for, aim at, attack, seek, ask for, request ghost, apparition lazy ball spear, javelin chirp pirate pear fisherman fish please plainly, clearly plain, clear clap, applaud full (of) most, most people mostly cry more most, a great many more cup, glass punishment, penalty poet poetical promise place, put, lay down people, nation pig gate carry harbor demand, call for be able possess, own behind, after, later afterward, later back-, hind-, later next, following from now on, hereafter after, since finally last demand, require drink power drinking, drink rather before, for especially, above all estate robber, pirate be in charge (of) prefer reward, prize first name

prae-pōnere +dat praesēns -entis adi prae-stāre -stitisse praeter prp +acc praeter-eā praeteritus -a -um prāvus -a -um precārī precēs -um f pl prehendere -disse -ēnsum premere pressisse pressum pretiōsus -a -um pretium -ī n prīdem prī-diē prīmō adv prīmum adv prīmus -a -um prīnceps -ipis m prīncipium -ī n prior -ius prius adv prius-quam prīvātus -a -um prō prp +abl probus -a -um prō-cēdere procul prō-currere -rrisse -rsum prōd-esse prō-fuisse +dat proelium -ī n profectō prō-ferre proficīscī -fectum prō-gredī -ior -gressum pro-hibēre prō-icere -iō -iēcisse -iectum prōmere -mpsisse -mptum prōmissum -ī n prō-mittere prope prp +acc, adv properāre propinquus -a -um proprius -a -um propter prp +acc propter-eā prō-silīre -uisse prō-spicere prōtinus prōvincia -ae f proximus -a -um sup prūdēns -entis adi pūblicus -a -um pudēre: pudet mē (+gen) pudor -ōris m puella -ae f puer -erī m pugna -ae f pugnāre pugnus -ī m

put before/in charge of present furnish, fulfill past, besides, except besides past faulty, wrong pray prayers grasp, seize press precious price, value long ago the day before at first first first chief, leader beginning first, former, frontbefore before private for, instead of good, honest, proper go forward, advance far (from), far away run forward, charge be useful, do good battle indeed, certainly bring forth, produce set out, depart go forward, advance keep off, prevent throw (forward) take out promise promise near, nearly hurry near, close own, proper because of therefore spring forth look out, look ahead at once province nearest prudent, clever public, StateI am ashamed (of) (sense of) shame girl boy fight fight fist

14

pulcher -chra -chrum pulchritūdō -inis f pullus -ī m pulmō -ōnis m pulsāre pūnīre puppis -is f pūrus -a -um putāre

beautiful, fine beauty young (of an animal) lung strike, hit, knock (at) punish stern, poop clean, pure think, suppose

Q quadrāgēsimus -a -um quadrāgintā quadrin-gentī -ae -a quaerere -sīvisse -sītum quālis -e quālitās -ātis f quam quam +sup quam-diū quam-ob-rem quamquam quandō quantitās -ātis f quantum -ī n quantus -a -um quā-propter quā-rē quārtus -a -um quārta pars quasi quater quatere -iō quaternī -ae -a quattuor quattuor-decim -que querī questum quī quae quod quī quae quod (…?) quia quid n (v. quis) quid adv quī-dam quae- quodquidem nē quidem quidnī quid-quam neque/nec quidquam quid-quid quiēscere -ēvisse quiētus -a -um quīn quīn-decim quīn-gentī -ae -a quīnī -ae -a quīnquāgintā quīnque quīnquiēs Quīntīlis -is (mēnsis)

fortieth forty four hundred look for, seek, ask (for) what sort of, (such) as quality how, as, than as… as possible how long, (as long) as why although when, as quantity, size how much, (as much) as how large, (as large) as why why fourth fourth, quarter as, like, as if four times shake four (each) four fourteen and complain, grumble who, which, he who what, which because what, anything why a certain, some indeed, certainly not even why not anything and nothing whatever, anything that rest quiet why not, do…! fifteen five hundred five (each) fifty five five times July

quīntus -a -um quis quae quid quis quid (sī/num/nē…) quis-nam quid-nam quis-quam neque/nec quisquam quis-que quae- quodquis-quis quō adv quod (= quia) quod n (v. quī) quō-modo quoniam quoque quot indēcl quot-annīs quotiēs

fifth who, what anyone, anything who/what ever? anyone and no one each whoever, anyone who where (to) because, that what, which, that which how as, since also, too how many, (as many) as every year how many times

R rāmus -ī m rapere -iō -uisse -ptum rapidus -a -um rārō adv rārus -a -um ratiō -ōnis f ratis -is f re-cēdere re-cipere recitāre re-cognōscere rēctus -a -um rēctā (viā) re-cumbere -cubuisse red-dere -didisse -ditum red-imere -ēmisse -ēmptum red-īre -eō -iisse -itum re-dūcere re-ferre rettulisse re-lātum regere rēxisse rēctum regiō -ōnis f rēgnāre rēgula -ae f re-linquere -līquisse -lictum reliquus -a -um re-manēre rēmigāre re-minīscī +gen/acc re-mittere re-movēre rēmus -ī m repente reperīre repperisse -rtum re-pōnere re-prehendere re-pugnāre re-quiēscere re-quīrere -sīvisse -sītum rēs reī f re-sistere -stitisse +dat re-spondēre -disse -ōnsum

branch, bough tear away, carry off rushing, rapid rarely, seldom rare reason raft go back, retire receive, admit read aloud recognize straight, correct straight lie down give back, give ransom go back, return lead back, bring back bring back, return direct, guide, govern region, district reign, rule ruler leave remaining, left remain, stay behind row recollect send back remove oar suddenly find put back blame, censure fight back, resist rest seek, ask thing, matter, affair halt, resist answer

15

respōnsum -ī n rēte -is n re-tinēre -uisse -tentum re-trahere re-venīre revertī -tisse -sum re-vocāre rēx rēgis m rīdēre -sisse -sum rīdiculus -a -um rigāre rīpa -ae f rīsus -ūs m rīvus -ī m rogāre rogitāre Rōmānus -a -um rosa -ae f ruber -bra -brum rubēre rudis -e rūmor -ōris m rumpere rūpisse ruptum rūrī loc rūrsus rūs rūris n rūsticus -a -um

answer net hold back pull back, bring back come back return, come back call back, revoke king laugh, make fun of ridiculous irrigate bank laughter, laugh brook ask, ask for ask (repeatedly) Roman rose red be red, blush crude, rude rumor break in the country again the country rural, rustic, farm-

S sacculus -ī m saccus -ī m sacerdōs -ōtis m/f saeculum -ī n saepe saevus -a -um sagitta -ae f sāl salis m salīre -uisse salūs -ūtis f salūtem dīcere +dat salūtāre salvāre salvē -ēte salvēre iubēre salvus -a -um sānāre sānē sanguis -inis m sānus -a -um sapere -iō -iisse sapiēns -entis adi satis saxum -ī n scaena -ae f scaenicus -a -um scalpellum -ī n scamnum -ī n scelestus -a -um scelus -eris n scīlicet

purse sack priest, priestess century often fierce, cruel arrow salt, wit jump safety, well-being greet greet save hallo, good morning greet safe, unharmed heal, cure certainly, quite blood healthy, well be wise, have sense wise enough, rather rock scene, stage theatrical scalpel, surgical knife stool criminal, wicked crime of course

scindere -idisse -issum scīre scrībere -psisse -ptum scūtum -ī n sē sibi secāre -uisse -ctum secundum prp +acc secundus -a -um sed sē-decim sedēre sēdisse sella -ae f semel sēmen -inis n semper senex senis m sēnī -ae -a sententia -ae f sentīre sēnsisse sēnsum septem September -bris (mēnsis) septen-decim septentriōnēs -um m pl septimus -a -um septin-gentī -ae -a septuāgintā sequī secūtum serēnus -a -um serere sēvisse satum sērius -a -um sermō -ōnis m servāre servīre +dat servitūs -ūtis f servus -ī m ses-centī -ae -a sēsē sēstertius -ī m seu v. sī-ve/seu sevērus -a -um sex sexāgintā sexiēs Sextīlis -is (mēnsis) sextus -a -um sī sīc siccus -a -um sīc-ut signāre significāre significātiō -ōnis f signum -ī n silentium -ī n silēre silva -ae f similis -e simul simul atque +perf sīn

tear, tear up know write shield himself cut along second, favorable but sixteen sit stool, chair once seed always old man six (each) opinion, sentence feel, sense, think seven September seventeen north seventh seven hundred seventy follow clear, cloudless sow, plant serious talk, conversation preserve, save be a slave, serve slavery slave, servant six hundred himself sesterce (coin)

sine prp +abl sinere sīvisse situm singulī -ae -a sinister -tra -trum sinus -ūs m sī-quidem sitis -is f situs -a -um sī-ve/seu s.… s. sōl -is m solēre -itum esse solum -ī n sōlum adv sōlus -a -um solvere -visse solūtum nāvem solvere somnus -ī m sonus -ī m sordēs -ium f pl sordidus -a -um soror -ōris f spargere -sisse -sum speciēs -ēī f spectāre spectātor -ōris m speculum -ī n spērāre spēs -eī f -spicere -iō -exisse -ectum spīrāre stāre stetisse statim statuere -uisse -ūtum stēlla -ae f sternere strāvisse strātum stilus -ī m stipendium -ī n strepitus -ūs m studēre +dat studiōsus -a -um (+gen) studium -ī n stultus -a -um stupēre suādēre -sisse +dat sub prp +abl/acc sub-īre -eō -iisse subitō adv subitus -a -um sub-mergere sub-urbānus -a -um sūmere -mpsisse -mptum summus -a -um sup super prp +acc prp +abl superbus -a -um super-esse superior -ius comp superus -a -um supplicium -ī n

stern, severe six sixty six times August sixth if in this way, so, thus dry just as, as mark, seal indicate, mean meaning, sense sign, seal, statue silence be silent wood, forest similar, like together, at the same time as soon as but if

16

without let, allow one (each), each left; f the left (hand) fold (of toga) seeing that, since thirst situated or, or if whether… or sun be accustomed soil, ground, floor only alone, lonely untie, discharge, pay cast off, set sail sleep sound, noise dirt dirty, mean, base sister scatter appearance, aspect, sort watch, look at spectator mirror hope (for) hope breathe stand at once fix, determine star spread stylus soldier’s pay, service noise, din devote oneself to interested (in) interest, study stupid, foolish be aghast advise under, near go under, undergo suddenly sudden sink near the city take highest, greatest on (top of), above on, about haughty, proud be left, be in excess higher, upper, superior upper (capital) punishment

suprā prp +acc, adv surdus -a -um surgere sur-rēxisse sur-ripere -iō -uisse -reptum sūrsum suscitāre su-spicere sus-tinēre suus -a -um syllaba -ae f

above deaf rise, get up steal up, upward wake up, rouse look up (at) support, sustain, endure his/her/their (own) syllable

T tabella -ae f tabellārius -ī m taberna -ae f tabernārius -ī m tabula -ae f tacēre tacitus -a -um talentum -ī n tālis -e tam tam-diū tamen tam-quam tandem tangere tetigisse tāctum tantum -ī n alterum tantum tantum adv tantun-dem tantus -a -um tardus -a -um tata -ae m taurus -ī m tēctum -ī n temerārius -a -um tempestās -ātis f templum -ī n tempus -oris n tenebrae -ārum f pl tenebricōsus -a -um tenēre -uisse -ntum tenuis -e ter tergēre -sisse -sum tergum -ī n ternī -ae -a terra -ae f terrēre terribilis -e tertius -a -um testis -is m/f theātrum -ī n tībiae -ārum f pl tībīcen -inis m timēre timidus -a -um timor -ōris m titulus -ī m

writing-tablet letter-carrier shop, stall shopkeeper writing-tablet be silent silent talent such so, as so long, as long nevertheless, yet as, like at length, at last touch so much twice as much so much, only just as much so big, so great slow, late daddy bull roof reckless storm temple time darkness dark hold, keep (back) thin three times wipe back three (each) earth, ground, country frighten terrible third witness theater flute flute-player fear, be afraid (of) fearful, timid fear title

toga -ae f togātus -a -um tollere sus-tulisse sub-lātum

17

tonitrus -ūs m tot indēcl totiēs tōtus -a -um trā-dere -didisse -ditum trahere -āxisse -actum tranquillitās -ātis f tranquillus -a -um trāns prp +acc trāns-ferre trāns-īre -eō -iisse -itum tre-centī -ae -a trē-decim tremere -uisse trēs tria trīcēsimus -a -um trīclīnium -ī n trīgintā trīnī -ae -a trīstis -e trīstitia -ae f tū tē tibi tuērī tūtum tum tumultuārī tumultus -ūs m tunc tunica -ae f turba -ae f turbāre turbidus -a -um turgid(ul)us -a -um turpis -e tūtus -a -um tuus -a -um tyrannus -ī m

toga wearing the toga raise, lift, pick up, remove, take away thunder so many so many times the whole of, all hand over, deliver drag, pull calmness calm, still across, over transfer, transport cross, pass three hundred thirteen tremble three thirtieth dining-room thirty three sad sadness you, yourself guard, protect then make an uproar uproar then tunic throng, crowd stir up, agitate agitated, stormy swollen ugly, foul safe your, yours tyrant

U ubi ubi prīmum +perf ubī-que ūllus -a -um nec/neque ūllus ulterior -ius comp ultimus -a -um sup ultrā prp +acc ululāre umbra -a f umerus -ī m ūmidus -a -um umquam nec/neque umquam ūnā adv unde ūn-dē-centum ūn-decim

where as soon as everywhere any and no farther, more distant most distant, last beyond howl shade, shadow shoulder wet, moist ever and never together from where ninety-nine eleven

ūndecimus -a -um ūn-dē-trīgintā ūn-dē-vīgintī ūnī -ae -a ūniversus -a -um ūnus -a -um urbānus -a -um urbs -bis f ūrere ussisse ustum ūsque ut ut +coni uter utra utrum uter-que utra- utrumūtī ūsum +abl utinam utrum… an ūva -ae f uxor -ōris f V vacuus -a -um vāgīre valdē valē -ēte valēre valētūdō -inis f validus -a -um vallis -is f vāllum -ī n varius -a -um vās vāsis n, pl -a -ōrum -ve vehere vēxisse vectum vel velle volō voluisse vēlōx -ōcis adi vēlum -ī n vel-ut vēna -ae f vēn-dere -didisse venīre vēnisse ventum venter -tris m ventus -ī m venustus -a -um vēr vēris n verbera -um n pl verberāre verbum -ī n verērī vērō neque/nec vērō versārī versiculus -ī m versus -ūs m versus: ad… versus

eleventh twenty-nine nineteen one the whole of, entire one, only of the city, urban city burn up (to), all the time like, as that, in order that, to which (of the two) each of the two, both use, enjoy I wish that, if only…! … or…? whether… or grape wife

empty wail, squall strongly, very (much) farewell, goodbye be strong, be well health strong valley rampart varied, different vessel, bowl or carry, convey; pass ride, sail, travel or want, be willing swift, rapid sail like, as vein sell come belly, stomach wind charming spring lashes, flogging beat, flog word, verb fear really, however, but but not move about, be present short verse line, verse toward

18

vertere -tisse -sum vērum vērus -a -um vesper -erī m vesperī adv vester -tra -trum vestīgium -ī n vestīmentum -ī n vestīre vestis -is f vestrum gen vetāre vetus -eris adi via -ae f vīcēsimus -a -um victor -ōris m, adi victōria -ae f vidēre vīdisse vīsum vigilāre vigilia -ae f vīgintī vīlis -e vīlla -ae f vincere vīcisse victum vincīre vīnxisse vīnctum vīnea -ae f vīnum -ī n vir -ī m vīrēs -ium f pl virga -ae f virgō -inis f virtūs -ūtis f vīs, acc vim, abl vī viscera -um n pl vīsere -sisse vīta -ae f vītāre vītis -is f vīvere vīxisse vīvus -a -um vix vocābulum -ī n vōcālis -is f vocāre volāre voluntās -ātis f vorāgō -inis f vorāre vōs vōbīs vōx vōcis f vulnerāre vulnus -eris n vultus -ūs m

turn but true; n truth evening in the evening your, yours footprint, trace garment, clothing dress clothes, cloth of you forbid old road, way, street twentieth conqueror, victorious victory see; pass seem be awake night watch (I-IV) twenty cheap country house, villa defeat, overcome, win tie vinyard wine man, husband strength rod maiden, young girl valor, courage force, violence, power internal organs go and see, visit life avoid vine live, be alive living, alive hardly word vowel call, invite fly will abyss, whirlpool swallow, devour you, yourselves voice wound wound countenance, face

Z zephyrus -ī m

west wind

GRAMMATICAL TERMS LATIN ablātīvus (cāsus) accūsātīvus (cāsus) āctīvum (genus) adiectīvum (nōmen) adverbium -ī n appellātīvum (nōmen) cāsus -ūs m comparātiō -ōnis f comparātīvus (gradus) coniugātiō -ōnis f coniūnctiō -ōnis f coniūnctīvus (modus) datīvus (cāsus) dēclīnātiō -ōnis f dēmōnstrātīvum (prōnōmen) dēpōnentia (verba) fēminīnum (genus) futūrum (tempus) futūrum perfectum (tempus) genetīvus (cāsus) genus (nōminis/verbī) gerundium -ī n/gerundīvum -ī n imperātīvus (modus) imperfectum (tempus praeteritum) indēclinābile (vocābulum) indēfīnītum (prōnōmen) indicātīvus (modus) īnfīnītīvus (modus) interiectiō -ōnis f interrogātīvum (prōnōmen) locātīvus (cāsus) masculīnum (genus) modus (verbī) neutrum (genus) nōminātīvus (cāsus) optātīvus (modus) pars ōrātiōnis participium -ī n passīvum (genus) perfectum (tempus praeteritum) persōna -ae f persōnāle (prōnōmen) plūrālis (numerus) plūsquamperfectum (tempus praet.) positīvus (gradus) possessīvum (prōnōmen) praepositiō -ōnis f praesēns (tempus) praeteritum (tempus) prōnōmen -inis n proprium (nōmen) relātīvum (prōnōmen) singulāris (numerus) superlātīvus (gradus) supīnum tempus (verbī) verbum vocātīvus (cāsus)

ABBREVIATIONS abl acc āct adi adv

comp coni coni dat dēcl dēp f, fēm fut fut perf gen

imp, imper imperf indēcl ind īnf

loc m, masc n, neutr nōm

part pass perf pers pl, plūr plūsqu pos prp praes praet prōn rel sg, sing sup

vb voc

ENGLISH ablative accusative active adjective adverb appellative case comparison comparative conjugation conjunction subjunctive dative declension demonstrative deponent feminine future future perfect genitive gender/voice gerund/gerundive imperative imperfect indeclinable indefinite indicative infinitive interjection interrogative locative masculine mode neuter nominative optative part of speech participle passive perfect person personal plural pluperfect positive possessive preposition present preterite, past tense pronoun proper name relative singular superlative supine tense verb vocative

Lingua Latina is a complete, universal series that allows students to read and understand Latin immediately. All words and forms are made clear in the context of reading, illustrations, or marginal notes. The series itself consists of a first year book, Part I: Familia Romana covering the essentials of Latin grammar and 1500 vocabulary words through a story of a Latin family in the 2nd Century A.D. The second book, Part II: Roma Aeterna, covers Roman History and the city of Rome, including a prose version of Vergil’s Aeneid I-IV, adapted texts from Livy, and unadapted texts from Livy, Aulus Gellius, Nepos, Sallust, Cicero and Horace. Further information can be found on this widely adopted series at www.pullins.com/txt/LinguaLatina.htm.

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