GRAMMAR ARABIC LANGUAGE: INTENDED MORE ESPECIALLY
FOE THE USE OP YOUNG- MEN* PBEPAEING FOB THE EAST INDIA CIYIL SEEYIC...
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GRAMMAR ARABIC LANGUAGE: INTENDED MORE ESPECIALLY
FOE THE USE OP YOUNG- MEN* PBEPAEING FOB THE EAST INDIA CIYIL SEEYICE; AND ALSO FOE THE USE OF SELF-INSTBUCTltfG STUDENTS IN G-ENEEAL.
DUNCAN FOBBKS, LAM
LLD.,
OF ORIENTAL LANGUAGES IN KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON J MEMBER OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY OP GEEAT BRITAIN AND ICELAND AND AWTHOU OR EDITO* J OF WORKS ON THE PKESIAN, HINDtJSTANI, AND BENOAXI LANGUAGES. l*fi.OWSSOE
1
LONDON ,
H. ALI/ffiN
&
Co.,
13/WATEBLOO PLACE,
HK&TP0BD J*Y
WTWHIK
;
PEEPACE.
drt, at tho
on Arabic ,
or
to this lo
day, at tart half .
ftananar.-oou.posod
Gorman
** Mt
p,cnt
Tho road w may, thon no
language*.
-^ *
ouostto
ta
of a
tro.4nt ttan what
~
^ that
J)lai nor
oMy jn ^
lm(
I
^
to tho
Mero
null'
I
tho subject to bo
more
Kvo yot ot with in any of the *. to which I havo t ju8 aUudod; and fllis I havo ondoavourod to supply, fa ao following oBt of my
m
I
alllity.
As' I lay a,
oWm
to
origimlity. in flu. work, with (h,, ""option of tho tat and tat tetion,, and .ho gonoral a r-'
of tho subjoot throughout, it is bnt namo tho souroo, ton, whioh I haro dm
te
.
TO.
I-
comprising tho
n U
foUo.
o
Sy^om
of Ittflotion
181S. pp. ^abo, 2nd od. 2 vol..
_fau
Ca.0.
8.
that I
my
nm that
**.
VI
i'KEFAt'ft,
works of reference, but they arc utterly unadopted use of Beginners. extends;
Do
Sacy's
Dr. Ltimsclen's Grammar, so far as
copious even to the exhaustion of
is
for the
the*
it
ttiihjrat*
equally copious, but exceedingly defi'divn with
is
regard to methodical arrangement, as I havo oecamotially
ThiB drawback in Do
pointed out in the following pago,
Saey
meamm* oomponwttwl
in a great
is
however,
?
1>y
tho
copious Indices given at the end of each of his volumon*
Such Arahic Grammars as appeared before tho dayn of
Lumsdon and Do Saoy aro of course mijMWculed by thoao of the latter and Grammars that have boon published ?
;
the time of the last-mentioned masters, contain Uttlo or
nothing that
is
new*
tions to Bosenmiillert
I must, however, express
Grammar,
4to. Lipsiw,
Be
a very judicious condensation of It has ? at tho
same time, the
of arrangement press
;
stffl,
and bosidcs
;
with
faults of y
my
obliga-
1818, which
Saoy's
first
Do Saoy on
in
one or other of the following
Froytagii (Gfoorgii
WiQwlmi)
PREFACE*
IX
Arabico-Latinum, prsosertim ex Jauharii Firusabadique et
allomm Arabum operlbus
desumttini, etc,;
Voctzm Latiaaram locupletissimus.
4
accedit Index
Halls Sax-
vols. 4to.
an enlarged and vastly improved edition of the far-famed Arabic Lexicon of Gtolius, which onum, 1830-1838.
used to
Is
For ordinary purposes, the
for ten guineas.
sell
abridged
This
edition, of this
work
will suffice^ vis*
-Freytagii
(G. W*) Lexicon AraMco-Latinnm ex opere sue majore In
iiBum Tironiini excerption,
4 to. Halls Saxonum 1837.
such of the following works as he -Arabic Reader, SYO.
may
Calcutta,
royal STO. 1812.
royal 8vo
Kur aE
alb^1840*
i
al>ovo
Bo Saoy
1810*
?
?
by Ibn
?
Aral>
viz.
Shah
?
no date
eto* ? diligoator disposuit
the following works edited
-Oalila ot
TO,
j
1842.
4to. Lipsiso ?
wo may add
peruse
Ikhwanu-s-Safa,
Fliigol's edition^ 4to.
Ooncordantia Oorani^
Gustavus Miigelj
To the
?
may
find convenient
1828*
History of Tlmur,
1817.
By
3
the aid of either of these Lexicons the learner
Bimna en
Aridbo,
by
4to* PaxiB 3
Chrestomathie Arabo, three thick Toltimes 8vo. 2nd
edition^ Parls y 1826.
This last work
of its numerotis eritieal notes ?
aad
is
illustrations of the text-
Los Seances do Hariri en Arabe aree Paris, 1821*
To
theso? again,
works printed at Calcutta
iimluablo on aeooimt
tin
Oommentaire, foL
we may add
sereral raluable
m the course of i3xe present century,
Tiz,~l"afhatn4-Yaman, a Selection of Easy Stories in Prose
ani Terse from the best Authors.
A
4to* 1811.
Hadlkatu4-
tbo Writings of the most
dfetiit*
X
PREFACE.
guided Arabian
Poets, Oratory
1813. All Lailah,
or.
Book
and HislorianH.
of the Thousand
Thin
The
work,
first
literally into
W.
II.
Mac*
4 vola. royal 8vo.
naghtcn, assisted by learned Mouluvics. Gale. 1839-42.
and Om* Nights,
Edited by Sir
(Arabian Nighte* Entertainment).
Itoyul 4 to,
the most complete edition of tho
Is
Fifty Nights
English by
II.
have been tnuutluted v*Ma
Of
tho Letters of
*
x
o
. i*
^
. J
Prolongation'-^ &^j>. 1
s^
Of iho Symbol Madda
$**. i OX
J&
Of tho Symbol "Waila
X* X
or K4J& *Vi/X
UJz> 4?C
.......
201202
VII.
WHICH TREATS OF THE SYNTAX OF THE
ARTICLE,
SUBSTANTIVES, ADJECTIVES, & Analysis of Sentences
ArrangomeEt of
tlio
.,.,..,..,.,
"Words in a Sentence
Syntm
of fh& Article
SynUx
of
Of the Nominative Case
Of the
Genitive Ca*o
*
Of the Accusative Case
Cardinal
Numbers
Of the Ordinal Numbers
Of the Arabian Months
.
......... ....... ,
,
t
*
205
205
206
2gfc-208
,.**..,*
*..,..*,
*
20B
254
208200
...
209210
.
210212
,
*
,*,**,****
212214
,,,",.....,.
214222
Substantives in Apposition
Of the
Adjectives
.
..,,.
.....
Sutstmtim and
.....
203
...... ...,. ........ .
-
.
*
**. ....*.
222-227
227228
Concord of Adjcctiras with their Substantives
228240
Concord of the Attribute with tho Subject
240241
Of
tho Begreog of Comparison
.,..,,,.,.
241247
CONTENTS, PAGES
..........
Government of Foiins Syntax of
the
......
Pronouns
Personal Pronouns
.
,
.
t
.
***.,, ,
Demonstrative Pronouns
Of the Belative Pronouns
.
,
.
.
.
.
...*.,.
Of the Interrogatire Pronouns
SECTION
247
264
254
271
254
261
261262 262-
-269
269- 271
VIII.
WHICH TREATS OF TEE SYNTAX OF TEEBS
A3TO PABTICIES.
.,.,.., ....,*,..
Use and Application of the Proterito Tcnso
272278
Uso and Application of tho Aorist
278
287
287
290
Uso and Application of tho
*.,.
Infixdtivo
Use and Application of the Participles
Conco*
*
a Verb with
GoYcrnment of Verbs
Of Abstract
.
its
......,
290294
.***.
204302
Wominatiyo
.
.
,
.....,
or Snbstantiye Verbs
Verbs of Praise and Censure
.
.
Verbs of Admiration and Surprise Inchoative and Approximate Verbs
Syntax of Indeclinable Particles
.
.
.
.
f
***,
., .....,,
30^
,$^
306
308 308 309
309- 311
311320
SEOT10H IX "WHICH TEEATS OP THE PBOSODY, O /
Of
the Metrical Feet
xu *
f^>. (pi fT^.|
Of tho Perfect or Standard Feet
,
.
)
.
t
,
322326
COMWTS.
XK
PAGES
Of Imperfect Feet
,
? ?
Of
tie Metres
jjssd\
Classification of the
Of
$
?<S
(pi.
Batffe or the
*
Extended
Of the Metre
TDiaflf, or the
Of the Metre
Sar!
the
Of
the Biff&rmt
d&Uih
Rhyme
f
Of the Kifah the
iw
Ka!dah
Of the Bubi't
^^
,
.
.
Poetio Licence
328329
..,.,,
*.....
334 334-^.335
335
335336
336337 337338
338342
.
and tho Ghazal
^
.
.
.
* **"
330
339340 340
,
B41
341-342
,
,.,,.,,
342343
'
*
333^,334
336
.......,.,.,
^i3Ji
325
326337
*.*
ifju^l
Of the Muzdawj
Conclusion
,
l&nti of Poems V
Of
*
or the Proximate
oy
324-
,......
the Metre Bajaz;, or the Tremulous
Of
Of
Nimble
or the Eapid
y
.
...,*,, ..,.....
or the Perfect
Of
.
,
Of the Metre Kamil,
Of the Moire Muta^arib,
.
333
or the Exuberant
,
.
long
Of the Metre Wafir,
?
.
...,..,.
of^es?).
Metres
foe Metre Tawil, or the
Of the Metre
S
29
1.3
30
1
39
11
42
19
6
Jot'
"on,"
>; "of
rt'ttrf
"of the
frtzrf
vowel.'*
nw
"thus," " " for begin/* read begin with."
for "as,"
>' C^Jj'J
read
"an
>r U^^
48, last line but one, fop
SO
"niuVi "
vowel,"
/or
JliLO