THE CORPOREAL IMAGE FILM, ETHNOGRAPHY, AND THE SENSES
David MacDougall
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFOR...
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THE CORPOREAL IMAGE FILM, ETHNOGRAPHY, AND THE SENSES
David MacDougall
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD
COPYRIGHT © 2006 BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 41 WILLIAM STREET, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY 08540 IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 3 MARKET PLACE, WOODSTOCK, OXFORDSHIRE OX20 1SY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA MACDOUGALL, DAVID. THE CORPOREAL IMAGE: FILM, ETHNOGRAPHY, AND THE SENSES / DAVID MACDOUGALL. P.CM. INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES AND INDEX ISBN-13: 978-0-691-12155-0 (ALK. PAPER) ISBN-10: 0-691-12155-9 (ALK. PAPER) ISBN-13: 978-0-691-12156-7 (PBK.: ALK. PAPER) ISBN-10: 0-691-12156-7 (PBK. : ALK. PAPER) 1. VISUAL ANTHROPOLGY. 2. PHOTOGRAPHY IN ETHNOLOGY. 3. MOTION
PICTURES IN ETHNOLOGY. I. TITLE. GN347.M322006
301-DCn
2004060754
BRITISH LIBRARY CATALOGING-INPUBLICATION DATA IS AVAILABLE THIS BOOK HAS BEEN COMPOSED IN SABON PRINTED ON ACID-FREE PAPER.
00
PUP.PRINCETON.EDU PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
In Memory of Jean Rouch 1917-2004 John Marshall 1932-2005
CONTENTS
Illustrations
ix
Acknowledgments xiii INTRODUCTION
Meaning and Being
1
PART I: MATTER AND IMAGE
11
1 The Body in Cinema
13
2 Voice and Vision
32
PART II: IMAGES OF CHILDHOOD
65
3 Films of Childhood
67
4 Social Aesthetics and the Doon School
94
5 Doon School Reconsidered
120
PART III: THE PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGINATION
6 Photo Hierarchicus: Signs and Mirrors in Indian Photography
147
7 Staging the Body: The Photography of Jean Audema
176
145
viii
CONTENTS
ILLUSTRATIONS PART IV: THE ETHNOGRAPHIC IMAGINATION
211
8 The Visual in Anthropology
213
9 Anthropology's Lost Vision
227
10 New Principles of Visual Anthropology
264
1.1
From Le sang des betes (1949)
14
1.2
From Les yeux sans visage (1959)
15
3.1
From Zero de conduite (1933)
69
3.2
From Jeux interdits (1952)
83
Filmography
275
3.3
From Ivan's Childhood (1962)
84
Bibliography
283
4.1
Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru visiting Doon School in 1957
101
The blue and gray shirt of the Doon School games uniform, from Doon School Chronicles (2000)
103
4.3
Students near Doon School's Main Building
104
4.4
Measuring a student at Doon School, from Doon School Chronicles (2000)
105
4.5
"Toyes" at Doon School
110
4.6
Stainless steel tableware at Doon School
112
4.7
A group of first-year boys in Foot House
115
5.1
A Doon School dormitory, from Doon School Chronicles (2000)
124
Karam during his last lunch as a Foot House boy, from With Morning Hearts (2001)
130
5.3
Abhishek, from The Age of Reason (2004)
135
6.1
The Maharao Raja Raghubir Singh of Bundi with some of his possessions, 1912
149
Studio portrait of a working-class man. France, ca. 1910
150
Index
299
4.2
5.2
6.2 6.3
Plate from Watson and Kaye's The People of India,
1868-1875
151
6.4
Painted photograph of a young prince
153
6.5
Bharat Kumar, street photographer, at work in Dehra Dun, 1989
157
x
ILLUSTRATIONS
ILLUSTRATIONS
Photograph of the author by a street photographer, using the paper negative process
159
6.7
Four young princes of Kapurthala
161
6.8
Tourist in costume with water jar
166
6.9
Tourist posing as a Pathan
167
6.10
Photograph of a missing boy shown on Indian television, November 1989
170
6.11
R. S. Sharma at the door of his studio, Mussoorie, 1988
171
6.12a
A married couple from Garhwal
172
6.12b
A married couple from Garhwal
172
7.1a
"Un Campement dans la Vallee de la Moundji Mayumbe," postcard by J. Audema, French Congo, ca. 1905
177
"17. Un Campement dans la vallee de la Moundji," postcard by J. Audema, French Congo, ca. 1905
177
"Guerriers Oudombo - Region de l'Ogooue," postcard by J. Audema, French Congo, ca. 1905
180
"Guerrier Yenvi," postcard by J. Audema, French Congo, ca. 1905
182
A 5-centime stamp issued by Postes Congo Fran