The Cambridge Biography
D. H . LAWRENC E 1885-1930
DAVID E L L I S MARK K I N K E A D - W E E K E S JOHN W O R T H E ...
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The Cambridge Biography
D. H . LAWRENC E 1885-1930
DAVID E L L I S MARK K I N K E A D - W E E K E S JOHN W O R T H E N
F r o m review s o f Volum e i o f th e C a m b r i d g e Biograph y 'it i s hard t o imagin e tha t thi s biograph y wil l soo n b e superseded' . Sir Fran k Kermode , The Guardian '[This is ] a wor k o f impeccabl e scholarship , an d come s provide d with a n impressiv e apparatu s o f notes , appendices , chronologica l tables, famil y trees , a n exemplar y index , an d complet e list s o f Lawrence's pros e an d vers e writing s i n th e relevan t period , makin g it a n invaluabl e resourc e fo r seriou s student s o f Lawrence ; bu t i t i s also writte n i n a lucid , unpretentiou s styl e whic h la y reader s wil l find accessibl e an d enjoyable. ' David Lodge , The New York Review of Books 'This i s a super b biography . Apar t fro m th e compellin g narrativ e there ar e judiciou s excursion s int o th e mi x o f ruralit y an d th e mining industr y tha t forme d th e backgroun d t o Lawrence' s life . There ar e portrait s o f th e famil y member s an d . . . insight s int o Lawrence's admirin g bluestocking s an d int o th e les s well-know n early work s tha t le d u p t o Sons and Lovers . . . Cambridg e hav e already give n u s . . . a decen t editio n o f Lawrence' s fiction; no w they ar e embarke d o n wha t shoul d b e th e definitiv e life. ' Anthony Curtis , The Financial Times '[Worthen] ha s researche d deeply , readin g everythin g eve n remo tely relevant , an d i s abl e t o b e authoritativ e wher e other s hav e conjectured. [This ] i s a war m a s wel l a s a seriou s book , fo r h e clearly love s hi s subject , an d make s u s shar e hi s feeling . Th e them e of th e developmen t o f th e miner' s so n an d sickl y scholarshi p bo y with warrin g parent s i s a wonderfu l one , an d h e grasp s al l it s possibilities i n th e 50 0 pages of his narrative. ' Claire Tomalin , The Independent on Sunday
'One o f thi s biography' s grea t merit s i s tha t Worthe n understand s the danger s o f creatin g a lif e fro m a wor k o f fiction. H e use s Lawrence's fiction intelligently . H e neve r forget s tha t eve n th e most apparentl y autobiographica l novel s rearrang e rea l event s i n order t o mak e a n artisti c point . The y canno t b e trusted , a s to o many biographer s trus t them , t o d o th e biographer' s wor k fo r him . The othe r grea t merit , apar t fro m th e wonderfull y detaile d an d engrossing reconstructio n o f a period an d a society, i s its attitud e t o Lawrence himself . Worthe n i s unfailingl y sympathetic , a s a biogra pher shoul d be , ye t h e neve r fall s int o th e tra p o f supposin g hi s hero t o b e perfec t . . . Thi s definitiv e boo k wil l b e a har d ac t . . . t o follow.' Allan Massie , Weekend Telegraph 'Worthen's depictio n o f Eastwoo d i s o n somethin g o f a scholarl y par wit h Lawrence' s evocatio n o f it i n Sons and Lovers? Janet Byrne , The New York Times Book Review 'Literary scholar s wh o though t the y kne w Lawrenc e an d hi s circl e well wil l b e surprise d b y th e subtlety , aptness , an d psychologica l nuance o f Worthen' s presentatio n an d interpretation . I t i s a s i f fo r the first tim e w e se e Lawrenc e whol e . . . thi s persuasiv e biogrpah y is compulsiv e readin g fro m cove r t o cover . A majo r even t i n modern literar y studies. ' Keith Cushman , Library Journal 'Worthen set s th e recor d straigh t i n a thousan d littl e ways , an d there emerge s a complex genius , ruthless, sensitiv e an d full y alive. ' Publishers' Weekly ' . . . extremel y thoroug h an d carefu l . . . ' Jeffrey Meyers , English Literature in Transition
D. H. LAWRENC E T R I U M P H T O EXIL E 1912-1922 •
MARK KINKEAD-WEEKE S
HI CAMBRIDG E ^ f p UNIVERSIT Y PRES S
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSIT Y PRES S
Cambridge, Ne w York , Melbourne , Madrid , Cap e Town , Singapore, Sa o Paulo , Delhi , Tokyo , Mexic o Cit y Cambridge Universit y Pres s T h e Edinburg h Building , Cambridg e CB 2 8RU , U K Published i n th e Unite d State s o f America b y Cambridg e Universit y Press , Ne w Yor k www.cambridge.org Information o n thi s title : www.cambridge.org/978110740300 0 © Cambridg e Universit y Pres s 1996 . Acknowledgement i s mad e t o Willia m Heineman n Lt d in th e U K an d th e Vikin g Pres s i n th e US A fo r th e authorisatio n grante d t o Cambridge Universit y Pres s throug h th e Fried a Lawrenc e Estat e for quotatio n fro m th e work s o f D . H . Lawrence . This publicatio n i s i n copyright . Subjec t t o statutor y exceptio n and t o th e provision s o f relevan t collectiv e licensin g agreements , no reproductio n o f an y par t ma y tak e plac e withou t th e writte n permission o f Cambridg e Universit y Press . First publishe d 199 6 First paperbac k editio n 201 1 A catalogue record for this publication is
available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Kinkead-Weekes, Mark . D. H . Lawrence : triump h t o exile , 1912-1922/Mar k Kinkead-Weekes . p. cm . - (Th e Cambridg e biography : D . H . Lawrence , 1885-1930 ) Includes bibliographica l reference s (p . ) an d index . 1. Lawrence , D . H . (Davi d Herbert) , 1885-193 0 - Biography . 2 . Authors, Englis h - 20t h centur y - Biography . I. Title . II. Series : Cambridg e biography . PR6023.A93Z6379 199 6 823'.912-dc20 [B] 95-3610 2 CIP ISBN 978-0-521-25420- 5 Hardbac k ISBN 978-1-107-40300- 0 Paperbac k Cambridge Universit y Pres s ha s n o responsibilit y fo r th e persistenc e o r accuracy o f URL s fo r externa l o r third-part y interne t website s referre d t o i n this publication , an d doe s no t guarante e tha t an y conten t o n suc h website s is , or wil l remain , accurat e o r appropriate .
To Paul , Tim an d Rum a
CONTENTS Authors' Preface
XV
List of Illustrations
xix
Chronology
xxiii
Maps
xxviii
PARTONE:^ May-I November 191 2 N E I II III IV V VI VII VIII
World of Promise
W LIF E
The Figh t fo r Fried a Separation Beuerberg an d Ickin g Lawrence a t Wor k Visitors Over th e Alp s New Meaning s o f Pai n 'Like life , but alway s my theme' : Sons and Lovers
5 11
18 25 29 31
39
42
November 1912-Decembe r 191 3 NE W UTTERANC E I II
III IV V VI VII VIII IX
Unhappy Christma s How t o Ge t Beyon d Sons and Lovers} (a) Fals e Start s (b) Non-autobiographica l Eastwoo d (c) Behin d th e Huma n Actio n The Las t o f Gargnan o At Sa n Gaudenzio , an d Irschenhause n In Englan d Agai n Stories fo r a Livin g Back t o Irschenhause n Across Switzerlan d Fiascherino
IX
50
55 55 59 61
66 69 79 88 90
94 98
CONTENTS ] • January-Novembe r 191 4 T H
E WEDDIN G RIG N
I 'I t just misse d bein g itsel f 10 II Startin g Agai n 11 III Th e Socia l Roun d 11 IV T h e Weddin g Ring ' 11 V Of f fo r th e Summe r 12 VI Th e Londo n Whir l 12 VII Re-seein g th e Storie s 13 VIII 'Still ' Photograph y - a Wedding 14 IX Disaste r 14 X Takin g th e Strai n 15 XI A Confession o f Faith 15 PART T W O :
7 2 6 9 6 8 7 2 6 2 8
Spear in the Side (Th e Rainbo w and the War)
Decen iber 1914-Ma y 191 5 THE RA IN BO w I A New Conceptio n II The Las t o f the Yea r III A Man Writin g IV Another Countr y V Candidates fo r Rananim? VI Lawrence's 'woman' ? VII Ursula VIII Cambridge - an d Afte r IX Re-Visions
167 169 172 180 187 197 199 208 216
Ylay-INovember 191 5 R A I N B O W ' S E N D I II III IV V VI VII
VIII
'This worl d o n top' Getting 'unstuck ' fro m Greatha m More Radica l Reconstruction ? A Last Loo k at The Rainbow Farewell to Greatham, 'thi s England ' Apocalypse, No w Thought-travelling (a) Perspectiv e fro m Travel s Pas t (b) 'Th e Crown ' - Trave l i n the Min d (c) I n the Half-ligh t Disaster
225 233 241 249 252 256 264 265 269 271 275
CONTENTS
PART T H R E E :
Cornwall
6 • Novembe r 1915-Decembe r 191 6 M I D - W I N T E
R LIF E
I Interna l Exil e 28 II Ranani m a t Porthcothan 29 III Withering s 30 IV Ranani m a t Zennor 31 V Wutherin g 31 VI 'Th e second hal f of The Rainbow' 32 VII 'Th e Sisters'III (July-November ) 33 VIII Th e Narrowing Circl e 33 7 • January-Octobe r 191 7 O R P H E U
S DESCENDIN G
I Nightmar e Begin s 34 II Voice s of Rejection 34 III Orpheu s (wit h Eurydice ) Replie s 35 IV Waitin g fo r Spring, i n Fact 36 V 'Th e Reality o f Peace' 36 VI Tension s wit h Eurydic e 37 VII Mor e Ne w Friendships, Ne w Horizons 38 VIII Lawrence' s Harves t 39 (a) Philosoph y 39 (b) Women in Love 39 (c) Look!, an d American Literatur e 39 IX Nightmar e 39 X An d What o f Frieda? 40 PART FOUR :
5 6 5 1 7 8 1 8 6 9 5 5 8 2 1 0 0 1 8 9 3
A Kind of Wintering
8 • Octobe r 1917-Septembe r 191 8 O N A LEDGE I Londo n Agai n 40 II Th e 'underworld' i n 44 Mecklenburgh Squar e 41 III A Life o n the Surface 42 IV Hermitag e 42 V A Trip t o London 43 VI ' A child o f black fury ' 43 VII ' . . . as if something importan t ha d died' 43 VIII Symboli c Meanin g 43 (a) Frankli n t o Hawthorne 44 (b) Genera l Perspective s 44 (c) Dan a and Melville 45
9 6 2 6 0 3 6 8 0 7 0
CONTENTS
(d) Whitma n 45 IX Lif e a t Mountain Cottag e 45 X Town , and the Forest of Dean 46 XI Blac k Septembe r 46 9 • Octobe r 1918-Novembe r 191 9 M A R K I N
3 7 5 7 G TIM E
I Interlud e i n the South 47 II Armistic e - Bu t Peace ? 48 III Nort h Agai n - an d a Question o f Maleness 48 IV Death , an d th e Devi l o f a Winter 49 V ' A putrid diseas e . . . a drowned ghost ' 49 VI Mountai n Cottag e Agai n 49 VII Hermitag e Agai n - Stil l Waiting 50 VIII Thames-sid e 51 IX Grimsbur y Far m 51 X Las t Week s at Hermitage 51 PART FIVE :
2 1 3 1 6 8 3 1 6 8
Italy Again
10 • Novembe r 1919-Augus t 192 0 CAPR
I AN D SICIL Y
I Th e Travelle r 53 II Bac k wit h Frieda : Picinisc o 54 III Sirenland ? 54 IV 'Si x littl e essays' on the Unconsciou s 55 V 'Cat-Cranford ' 55 VI Accumulate d Mai l 55 VII Montecassin o - an d Sicil y 56 VIII The Lost Girl 57 IX Peopl e an d Place s 57 X Mone y an d Manuscript s 58 XI To o Dar n Ho t 59 11 • A u g u s t 1 9 2 0 - S e p t e m b e r 192 1 O N T H E M O V
I Becomin g 'unstuck ' 59 II Rosalin d 60 III Bac k in Taormina 60 IV 'Luck y Noon ' 61 V Sea , and Sardini a 62 VI Fontan a Vecchi a - fo r a While 62 VII 'Ach , tha t I were out of it all!' 63 VIII T o Germany, No w 64
5 3 9 2 6 7 5 2 8 6 3 E
7 1 6 4 1 6 2 0
CONTENTS
IX Ebersteinbur g - an d Aaron ys Rod 64 X Lif e on the Surface - an d the Unconscious 65 XI Of f Again - t o Zell-am-See 66 12 • Octobe r 1921-Februar y 192 2 A SENSE OF FINALITY I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX
'The thread s ar e broken ' Grumpy 'comedy ' - an d a New Prospec t A Burst o f Creativit y A Question - o f Dishonour ? An En d t o 1921 , and Englan d Laying th e Ghos t o f Magnu s Baalam's As s Tilling i n time ' A Conclusion - i n Which Nothin g I s Conclude d
Cue-titles and Abbreviations 72 Appendices I Th e Writing Life, 1912-1922 : Prose 72 II Th e Writing Life, 1912-1922 : Poetry 74
3 3 4 674 677 684 696 698 703 709 7H 717
1
9 0
Notes and Sources The Use of Sources 75
7
Notes 76
1 Acknowledgements 87
1
Index 87
4
Xlll
T H E C A M B R I D G E BIOGRAPH Y O F D . H . L A W R E N C E
•
A U T H O R S ' PREFAC E
The nee d fo r a ne w Biograph y o f a write r abou t whos e lif e - t o pu t i t mildl y much ha s bee n written , arise s fro m th e mas s o f ne w informatio n i n th e Cambridge collecte d Letters an d Works, whic h make s al l existin g biographie s ou t of date. This ca n b e sai d withou t insul t o r injur y t o previou s biographers , whos e work w e gratefull y acknowledge . Bu t i t woul d b e strang e indee d i f ove r tw o thousand unpublishe d letter s an d postcards , th e editin g an d annotatio n o f th e thousands previousl y known , an d th e researche s o f a n internationa l tea m int o how an d whe n eac h o f th e writing s cam e int o existence , di d no t substantiall y alter an d correc t th e existin g pictur e o f Lawrence's life . W e ar e deepl y indebte d to all the Cambridg e editor s wh o hav e allowed u s acces s t o thei r work , publishe d and unpublished . No amoun t o f new material , however , ca n mak e an y biographical overvie w th e final word , an d w e expres s thi s convictio n i n th e for m o f on e wor k b y thre e authors: no t onl y a ne w 'Life ' bu t also , w e believe , a ne w kin d o f biography . Each autho r ha s take n responsibilit y fo r a different perio d o f Lawrence's life , th e first volum e endin g wit h th e completio n o f Sons and Lovers, th e secon d wit h Lawrence's departur e fro m Europ e i n 1922 . Fro m th e beginning , w e hav e collaborated ver y closely , an d subjecte d on e another' s wor k t o intensiv e scrutin y and comment . W e hav e acte d a s researc h assistant s t o on e another , hav e challenged th e half-consciou s tendenc y o f ever y biographe r t o tur n a blin d ey e to inconvenien t item s o f evidenc e an d hav e argue d ou t fundamenta l positions . Nevertheless, thoug h th e whol e wil l b e join t wor k - i n tha t sens e - fro m first t o last, eac h autho r i s finally responsibl e fo r th e Lawrenc e wh o emerge s fro m hi s particular period . Thre e Lawrences , strikin g th e reade r a s bot h th e sam e an d different, wil l (w e believe ) answe r al l th e mor e t o ordinar y experienc e o f othe r people. There migh t seem , however , t o b e dange r her e o f dissonan t o r eve n contra dictory answer s t o th e questio n o f wh o Lawrenc e wa s an d wha t h e wa s reall y like. Ca n thre e people , howeve r closel y the y wor k together , b e sufficientl y i n harmony t o captur e Lawrence' s identity ? I t seem s t o u s tha t th e assumption s which promp t suc h question s ar e dubious . Ou r cultur e doe s ofte n appea r boun d by th e ide a o f a personal cor e o r centre , an 'essentia l self , ou t o f which characte r
xv
AUTHORS PREFAC E
grows i n a proces s o f development . Ye t i n Lawrence' s ow n writings , thoug h there i s plent y o f suppor t fo r th e notio n o f a n essentia l self , ther e i s als o a characteristic an d n o les s powerfu l emphasi s o n fluidity an d change . I t wa s Lawrence wh o denounce d 'th e ol d stabl e eg o o f th e character ' i n th e kind s o f novel h e n o longe r wante d t o write , an d whos e preferre d wa y o f imaginin g hi s progress throug h lif e wa s i n term s o f rebirth, agai n an d again , int o ne w state s o f being. T o hav e thre e peopl e writ e hi s lif e i s a n explici t (eve n dramatic ) acknowledgement that , howeve r importan t th e continuities , th e Lawrenc e o f th e last year s (fo r example ) i s s o differen t fro m th e 19-year-ol d wh o visite d th e Haggs Farm , tha t i t sometime s seem s onl y b y acciden t tha t the y shar e th e sam e name. Ther e i s a hardl y les s strikin g an d significan t differenc e betwee n th e writer wh o sen t of f Sons and Lovers t o it s publishe r i n Novembe r 1912 , and th e author o f Women in Love expelle d fro m Cornwall , b y orde r o f th e militar y authorities, les s than five years later . There ar e o f cours e importan t continuitie s i n Lawrence' s life , becaus e certai n elements i n hi s natur e remaine d constant : h e himsel f felt , a t th e ag e of 43, tha t ' I am somewher e stil l th e sam e Ber t wh o rushe d wit h suc h jo y t o th e Haggs. ' W e are confiden t tha t w e agre e enoug h abou t thes e no t t o produc e a contradictor y effect upo n reader s o f al l thre e volumes . Ou r biograph y overall , an d ou r individual volume s themselves , wil l no t howeve r sho w Lawrence' s lif e evolvin g with stead y emotiona l logi c fro m initia l premises . O f al l th e danger s biographer s have t o fear , th e so-calle d 'geneti c fallacy ' - explanatio n i n term s o f origin s should b e les s i n evidenc e here . W e hav e learne d t o distrus t hindsight , becaus e reading th e late r ma n bac k int o th e earlie r alway s implie s determinism . W e believe tha t ou r on e wor k b y thre e writers , eac h allowin g hi s particula r materia l rather tha n an y overvie w t o dictat e hi s form , wil l produc e th e necessar y tensio n between a continuou s an d a continuousl y changin g Lawrence , i n a wa y tha t n o synoptic vie w coul d achieve . I n biographie s whic h succee d i n risin g abov e th e conscientious enumeratio n o f on e thin g afte r another , a pattern o f interpretatio n is establishe d early , an d late r event s ar e the n selecte d an d arrange d wit h a predictability whic h play s fals e t o th e actualitie s an d unexpectednes s o f lif e especially lif e a s our subjec t himsel f saw it . Avoiding thi s predictability , throug h thre e point s o f view , ha s seeme d t o u s very importan t - an d w e hop e ou r procedur e ha s a n additiona l advantage . Because ou r biograph y i s base d o n mor e documentar y evidenc e tha n an y previous one , an d becaus e (unlik e som e biographers ) w e hav e alway s acknowl edged Lawrenc e t o b e a writer , eac h volum e ha s t o b e detailed , an d lon g - an d for th e reade r t o find th e sam e manne r i n thre e length y book s migh t b e mor e than flesh an d bloo d coul d bear . Variet y o f approach wil l at leas t mea n variet y o f style: thre e differen t voice s t o tel l Lawrence' s stor y - bu t a t th e sam e tim e giv e
xvi
AUTHORS PREFAC E
the lie , by their ver y difference , t o th e ide a tha t an y singl e view r, however detaile d and comprehensive , coul d eve r b e 'definitive' ; an y patter n o f interpretatio n the pattern. David Elli s - Mar k Kinkead-Weeke s - J o h n Worthe n Canterbury - Ramsgat e - Swanse a March 199 0
xvn
ILLUSTRATIONS Between pages 306 and joy 1 and 2 Th e weddin g photographs , 9 Selwoo d Terrace , Sout h Kensington, London , 1 3 July 191 4 Lawrence, Katherin e Mansfield , Frieda , John Middleto n Murry Murry, Frieda , Lawrenc e 3 D . H . Lawrence , 2 6 June 191 3 (by W. G . Parker ) 4 D . H . Lawrence , c. 1915 (by Bassano an d Vandyke ) 5 D . H . Lawrenc e a t Mountai n Cottage , Middleton-by Wirksworth, Derbyshire , 191 8 6 D . H . Lawrence , Octobe r 191 9 7 D . H . Lawrence , c. 19 September 192 1 8 Fried a a t Irschenhause n o n he r birthday , 1 1 Augus t 1913 , wearing th e Bavaria n costum e give n t o her b y th e Jaffe s 9 Fried a an d Lawrenc e a t Grimsbur y Farm , Hermitage , nea r Newbury, Berkshire , probabl y Septembe r 191 9 10 Frieda , Octobe r 191 9 11 Frieda , c. 19 September 192 1 12 Barones s vo n Richthofen , c . 192 4 13 Elsejaffe , 191 6 14 Edga r Jaffe, c. 1915-1 6 15 Edwar d Garnett , c. 190 8 16 Davi d ('Bunny' ) Garnett , c. 1922 17 Th e Hon . Cynthi a Asquit h wit h John, Kingsgate , Broadstairs, Summe r 191 3 18 Lad y Cynthi a Asquit h 19 Edwar d Marsh , 191 2 (by Eliott Seabrooke ) 20 Katherin e Mansfiel d an d John Middleto n Murry , c. 191 4 21 S . S . Koteliansk y 22 Mar k Gertle r 23 Mar y Cannan , c. 1910 24 Gilber t Cannan , c. 191 0 xix
LIST O F ILLUSTRATION S
25 D r Davi d Ede r 26 Viol a Meynel l 27 Catherin e Car s well, c. 191 4 28 Ickin g be i Miinchen , th e Leitner s downstairs , Alfre d Weber's flat upstair s 29 Vill a d i Gargnano , Lag o d i Garda : th e Vill a d i Paol i (left ) with Vill a Igea (rear ) 30 Th e Vill a Ige a 31 Th e Meynel l estat e i n Greatham , Sussex : She d Hal l (left ) and Humphrey s (right) , with Monic a Saleeby' s hous e i n th e background 32 Th e heraldr y o f Rananim , 3 Januar y 191 5 (misdate d b y Lawrence) Between pages 626 and 627 33 Lad y Ottolin e Morrel l 34 Bertran d Russell , 191 6 (by Hugh Cecil ) 35 E . M. Forste r 36 Dolli e Radfor d 37 Phili p Heseltine , 191 5 38 Juliett e Baillo t 39 Minni e Luci e ('Puma' ) Channin g 40 Hild a Doolittl e Aldingto n ('H.D.') , 191 3 41 Richar d Aldington , lat e 191 7 42 Doroth y ('Arabella' ) York e 191 7 43 Ceci l Gra y 44 Willia m Henr y Hockin g 45 Highe r Tregerthen , Zennor , Cornwal l 46 Mountai n Cottage , Middleton-by-Wirksworth, Derbyshir e 47 Esthe r Andrew s - a stage pos e 48 Rober t Mountsie r 49 Rosalin d Thornycrof t Bayne s (b y E. C . Beresford ) 50 Montagu e Compto n Mackenzie , 191 5 51 Emil y Kin g wit h Margare t ('Peggy' ) 52 Ad a Clark e wit h Jack 53 Dougla s Goldrin g 54 Cecil y Lamber t an d Viole t Mon k a t Grimsbur y Farm , Hermitage, nea r Newbury , Berkshir e 55 Franci s Bret t Youn g (fro m a portrait b y Cathlee n Mann ) 56 Jessic a Bret t Young , 191 4
xx
LIST O F ILLUSTRATION S
57 Ja n Juta, c. 1921 58 Mauric e Magnu s 59 Fontan a Vecchia , Taormina , Sicil y 60 Mari e Hubrech t 61 Fro m th e balcony , Fontan a Vecchi a 62 Ear l an d Achsa h Brewster , an d Harwood , i n Capri , c. 1922 63 Th e write r a t work : The Rainbow p . 30 0 (th e ne w cathedra l scene)
xxi
CHRONOLOGY (May 1912-Februar y 1922 )
(The chronolog y o f Lawrence's writing , an d o f the firs t publicatio n o f individua l poems, stories, essays and sketche s wil l be foun d i n Appendices I and II. ) 3 May 191 2
4-8 May 1912 7 May 1912 8-11 May 1912 11 May 1912 19 May 191 2 23 May 191 2 24 May 191 2 25 May-i Jun e 191 2 1 June-5 Augus t 191 2 5 August 191 2 6-8 Augus t 191 2 9 August 191 2 10-26 August 191 2 26-27 Augus t 191 2
28 August 1912 29 August 1912 29 August-1 Septembe r 191 2
London; leave s Englan d wit h Frieda , travels (vi a Dover an d Ostend ) t o Metz With Fried a i n Met z Trouble wit h militar y guar d D H L goe s to Trie r To Waldbro l (vi a Koblenz , Niederlahnstein, Troisdorf , Hennef ) To Bon n an d Drachenfel s The Trespasser D H L leave s Waldbrol fo r Munich , meets Fried a Beuerberg Icking D H L an d Fried a leav e Ickin g fo r Tyro l and Italy , reach Ba d Tbl z To Rohrlmoos ; Hubertus/Glashiitte an d Achensee; Jenbach an d Kufstei n Jenbach t o Mayrhofe n At Mayrhofen, joine d b y Davi d Garnet t 18 August, an d Harol d Hobson ' later With Garnet t an d Hobso n t o hay-hu t beyond Ginzling ; next da y t o Dominicus-Hutte Over Pfitscherjoc h t o PGastho f Elefan t near Afen s To Sterzin g (Garnet t an d Hobso n t o Munich) D H L an d Fried a i n Sterzin g xxin
CHRONOLOGY 1-2 Septembe r 191 2 3-4 Septembe r 191 2 5-18 Septembe r 191 2 18 September 1912-2 ? Apri l 191 3 11 December 1912- 2 January 191 3 February 191 3 16 February 191 3 27 Februar y 191 3 2 ? - n Apri l 191 3 11 April 191 3 14 April 191 3 19 April-17 June 191 3 29 May 191 3 17 June 191 3 i 9 j u n e - 9 j u l y 191 3
30 June-1 July 191 3
9 July 191 3
10-29 July 191 3 i6July 191 3 20 July 191 3 28 July 191 3 29-31 July 191 3 31 July 191 3 31 July-2 Augus t 191 3 2-6 Augus t 191 3 6 August 191 3
To Jaufenhaus; wron g turnin g bac k t o Sterzing, the n Boze n b y trai n To Trento ; the n Riva , Lago d i Gard a At Riv a At Villa Igea , Vill a d i Gargnano , Lag o d i Garda Harold Hobso n visit s ove r Christma s Love Poems and Others Visit t o Campion e Antonia (Cyriax ) Almgre m visit s At Sa n Gaudenzio , Lag o d i Gard a To Veron a From Veron a t o Munich (vi a Innsbruck ) At Irschenhause n Sons and Lovers publishe d Leave fo r Englan d (arriv e earl y mornin g 19 June) At The Cearne , Edenbridge (hom e o f Edward Garnett) ; several visit s t o London; mee t Katherin e Mansfiel d and John Middleto n Murr y Frieda meet s clandestinel y wit h he r children, thi s soo n discovere d b y Maude Weekle y Overnight i n Hampstead e n rout e fo r Kingsgate; see Katherine Mansfield , and mee t Norma n Dougla s At Kingsgate , Broadstairs , Ken t Visited b y Henr y Savag e Introduced t o Herbert an d Cynthi a Asquith b y Edward Mars h Weekley grante d injunctio n agains t Frieda Stay wit h Gordo n Campbell , 9 Selwoo d Terrace, Sout h Kensington . Frieda t o German y D H L a t The Cearn e At Eastwood (stayin g wit h Hopkins ) fo r his siste r Ada' s weddin g o n 4 Augus t At Downshire Hil l (Londo n flat o f Edward Garnett ) xxiv
CHRONOLOGY
7 August 191 3 8? August-17 Septembe r 191 3 17 September 191 3
18-26 Septembe r 191 3
26 September 191 3 28 September-4 Octobe r 191 3 4 October-8 June 191 4 18 October 191 3 29 November 191 3
13-15 Decembe r 191 3 c. 26 December 191 3 19 January 191 4 25 January-25 Februar y 191 4 8? March 191 4 1 April 191 4
27 April 191 4 ?30 April-?27 Ma y 191 4 5 May 191 4 16-17 Ma y 191 4 28 May-i? Jun e 191 4 8 June 191 4 9 June 191 4 10-17? June I 9 I 4
To Irschenhause n overnigh t With Fried a i n Irschenhause n D H L leave s Irschenhause n fo r Uberlingen, Switzerland ; Fried a fo r Baden-Baden Lake Constance , dow n th e Rhin e t o Schaffhausen, t o Zurich, Lucerne , over th e Gotthar d t o Airolo , Bellinzona, Lugano , Com o Joins Fried a i n Mila n Albergo dell e Palme , Leric i Villino Ettor e Gambrosie r i n Fiascherino, Gul f o f Spezi a Frieda's divorc e hearin g i n Londo n Visited b y Wilfrid Gibson , Lascelle s an d Catherine Abercrombie , R . C . Trevelyan an d Aubre y Waterfiel d Weekend a t Aubrey Waterfield' s castl e in Aull a Ezra Poun d propose s D H L fo r th e Polignac Priz e i n poetr y Visited b y Edward Mars h an d Jame s Strachey Barne s Visited b y Constanc e Garnet t an d Ver a Volkhovsky (wh o stay s longer ) Levanto, a t the hom e o f Amfiteatro v The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd published i n Ne w Yor k b y Mitchel l Kennerley Decree absolut e pronounce d i n Frieda' s divorce cas e Visited b y Iv y Lo w Herbert Trenc h visit s Weekend i n Spezi a wit h th e Consu l Thomas Dunlo p an d Madg e Dunlo p Aulla, wit h th e Waterfield s Leave Fiascherin o In Turin ; Fried a t o Baden-Bade n To Switzerlan d (wit h A . P. Lewis) : Aosta, Gran d S t Bernard , Martigny , Visp, Interlaken , Ber n
CHRONOLOGY
18-22 June 191 4 24 June 191 4 24 June-15 Augus t 191 4 27 June 191 4 c. 28 June 191 4 30 June 191 4
1 July 191 4 4-7 July 191 4 13 July 191 4 18-23 July 191 4
30 July 191 4 31 July-8 Augus t 191 4
5 August 191 4 10 August 191 4 c. 1 3 August 191 4 15? August 1914-2 1 January 191 5
24 August 191 4 19-20 Septembe r 191 4 10-11 Octobe r 191 4 16-26 Octobe r 191 4 16 October 191 4 29-30 Octobe r 191 4 c. 5 November 191 4
Heidelberg (a t Alfred Weber's ) an d rejoins Fried a Arrive i n Englan d 9 Selwoo d Terrace , Sout h Kensingto n Introduced t o Rupert Brook e b y Mars h Meet Catherin e Jackson (late r t o marr y Donald Carswell ) Accepts J. B . Pinker a s agent, an d contract fro m Methue n fo r 'Th e Wedding Ring ' (The Rainbow) Meets Wyndha m Lewi s At The Cearn e D H L an d Fried a marrie d a t th e Kensington Registr y Offic e Visits Ad a a t Ripley, Derbyshire ; Fried a identifies an d enter s Weekley' s hous e in Chiswic k Meets Am y Lowell , Richar d an d Hild a Aldington ('H.D.' ) Walking tou r i n Westmorlan d wit h A . P. Lewis, S . S . Koteliansk y an d W . K . Home; Fried a i n S . Kensingto n Barrow-in-Furness; havin g learne d tha t war ha s been declare d o n 4 Augus t Methuen return s manuscrip t o f 'Th e Wedding Ring ' (Rainbow) Meet Lad y Ottolin e Morrel l The Triangle , Bellingdo n Lane , Chesham, Buckinghamshire , nea r Gilbert an d Mar y Canna n Meet Compto n Mackenzi e London, visit s British Museu m Visited b y th e Murrys , an d (o n n t h ) Koteliansky Murry an d Katherin e Mansfiel d stay , then mov e int o cottag e nearb y Receives £5 0 fro m th e Roya l Literar y Fund London (a t Catherin e Jackson's ) Helen Dudle y To r a couple o f days'
xxvi
CHRONOLOGY
8 Novembe r 191 4 21-23 Novembe r 191 4 26 November 191 4 7?-10 Decembe r 191 4 10-12? Decembe r 191 4 25 December 191 5 3 January 191 5 21 January 191 5
22 January 191 5 23 January-30 July 191 5 1 February 191 5 8 February 191 5 10-12 Februar y 191 5 15-16 Februar y 191 5 16 February 191 5 17-24 Februar y 191 5 23 February 191 5 6-8 Marc h 191 5
8 March 191 5 13-14 Marc h 191 5 20-21 Marc h 191 5 24 March 191 5 27-28 Marc h 191 5 1-3 Apri l 191 5 3-5 Apri l 191 5
Visited b y W. K . an d Maisi e Home , an d A. P. Lewi s London; see s Home, Koteliansk y an d ?Mark Gertler' s studi o The Prussian Officer and Other Stories Visits Ad a a t Ripley, Derbyshire ; Fried a sees Ernest Weekle y i n Nottingha m Stays wit h Edwar d Garnet t i n Londo n Christmas dinne r a t the Cannans ' First mentio n o f Ranani m To Londo n (stayin g wit h D r Davi d an d Edith Eder) ; meet E . M . Forste r a t Lady Ottoline' s Visit Dunca n Grant' s studi o wit h Forster an d Davi d Garnet t Greatham, Pulborough , Susse x (Viol a MeynelPs cottage ) Lady Ottolin e visit s Lady Ottolin e bring s Bertran d Russel l t o Greatham Visited b y Forste r London: a meeting a t Koteliansky' s house Visited b y Lady Cynthi a Visited b y Murr y Visited b y Lady Ottolin e Weekend a t Cambridge wit h Russell ; meets Maynar d Keynes , G . E . Moore , G. H . Hard y (F . M. Hueffe r an d Violet Hun t cal l at Greatham ) Meets G . Lowe s Dickinso n a t Lad y Ottoline's Koteliansky an d Katherin e Mansfiel d visit London wit h Fried a (a t Barbara Low's ) Visited b y Gilber t an d Mar y Canna n Visited b y Murr y Visited b y Russel l Koteliansky an d Barbar a Lo w invite d fo r Easter; sh e stay s till 8 April
CHRONOLOGY
17-18 Apri l 191 5 29 April 191 5 6 May 191 5 7-10 Ma y 191 5 10 May 191 5
11-12 Ma y 191 5 c. 19 May 191 5 27 May-4? June 191 5 5 and 1 9 June 191 5 12-16 June 191 5 19 June 191 5 19-20 June 191 5 21 June 191 5 c. 7-20 July 191 5 I O - I I Jul y 191 5
20 July 191 5 25 July 191 5 30 July-4 Augus t 191 5 2 August 191 5 4 August-21 Decembe r 191 5 6 August 191 5 5 September 191 5 30 September 191 5 4 and 1 8 October, an d 1 November 1915 3 November 191 5 3 and 5 November 191 5
Visited b y Davi d Garnet t an d Franci s Birrell Worthing b y bu s Chichester wit h Eleano r Farjeo n In Londo n (a t Basil Proctor's ) Examined fo r bankruptc y b y th e Probat e and Admiralt y Divisio n o f the Hig h Court, Londo n Brighton wit h Lad y Cynthi a To Bogno r wit h Monic a Saleeb y Frieda i n Londo n (a t Barbara Low's ) Lady Cynthi a an d Harol d Bake r visi t At Garsington , Oxfor d (Lad y Ottoline's) Visited b y Lad y Cynthi a an d Herber t Asquith Visited b y Russel l At Littlehampton wit h Lad y Cynthi a and Herber t Asquit h Frieda i n Londo n Joins Fried a i n Londo n (stayin g wit h Dollie Radfor d i n Hampstead ) Visited b y Lad y Cynthi a an d Katharin e Asquith Leave Greatham ; Littlehampto n wit h Viola Meynell t o visit Lad y Cynthi a At 1 2 Bay ford Road , Littlehampto n To Chicheste r wit h Dolli e Radfor d 1 Byron Villas , Vale of Health , Hampstead, Londo n Formal permissio n fo r Fried a t o se e children i n lawyer' s offic e First mentio n o f the The Signature The Rainbow (3 0 November i n Ne w York) 'The Crown ' I—II I in Signature, Nos . i-3Magistrate's warran t issue d fo r suppression o f The Rainbow Police call at Methuen t o confiscat e copies and sheet s xxvin
CHRONOLOGY
5 November 191 5
8-11 Novembe r 191 5 13 November 191 5
16 November 191 5 17 November 191 5
18 November 191 5 19 November 191 5 29 November-2 Decembe r 191 5 I Decembe r 191 5
6 December 191 5
10 December 191 5 II Decembe r 191 5 21-24 Decembe r 191 5 24-29 Decembe r 191 5 29 December 191 5 30 December 1915-2 9 Februar y 1916 1 January-21? Februar y 191 6 c. 7 January-*:. 1 February 191 6
10-22 January 191 6
Obtain passport s fo r th e USA ; hea r about The Rainbow, part y i n th e studio o f Dorothy Bret t D H L a t Garsingto n The Rainbow o n tria l and ordere d t o b e destroyed, Bo w Stree t Magistrate s Court, Londo n Meets Phili p Heseltin e Lady Cynthi a visits , takes D H L t o House o f Commons t o consult wit h Philip Morrel l M.P. ; D H L call s on Robert Nichol s i n hospita l Morrell ask s question i n th e Common s about th e suppressio n o f The Rainbow Russell visit s Visit Garsingto n wit h Heseltin e an d Hasan Suhraward y Morrell ask s second questio n i n th e Commons abou t th e suppressio n o f The Rainbow Elected a member o f the Incorporate d Society o f Authors, Playwright s an d Composers Aldous Huxle y t o tea; Murr y unexpectedly arrive s fro m Franc e D H L t o Battersea recruitin g offic e t o attest, doe s no t d o s o At 2 Hurst Close , Garde n Suburb , London (Ver e Collins ) Visits Ad a a t Riple y To Londo n (a t th e Eders' ) At Porthcothan, S t Merryn , Padstow , Cornwall (J . D . Beresford' s holida y house) Heseltine stay s (joine d b y Minni e Luci e Channing 2 6 January-21? February ) Catches col d an d grow s seriousl y il l (examined b y D r Maitlan d Radfor d by 2 4 January) Visited b y Dikra n Kouyoumdjia n (Michael Arlen ) xxix
CHRONOLOGY i i Februar y 191 6 22 February 191 6 29 February-17 Marc h 191 6 17 March 1916-Octobe r 191 7 ?5 April 191 6 ante 2 2 April 191 6 25 May 191 6 c. i3~i6June 191 6 c. 15 June 191 6 24 June 191 6 28-29 June 191 6
July 191 6 c. i6July 191 6 22-23? July l 916 31 July-6? Augus t 191 6 c. 10-15 Augus t 191 6 16 September 191 6 ? September 191 6 28 September-f . 3 October 191 6 c. 7 November 191 6 22 November 191 6 Christmas 191 6
31 December 1916- 1 January 191 7 12 February 191 7 ?28-3i Marc h 191 7 6 April 191 7
First mentio n o f the 'Rainbo w Book s and Music ' publishin g schem e House-hunting i n Zenno r Tinner's Arms , Zennor , S t Ives , Cornwall Higher Tregerthen , Zennor , S t Ives , Cornwall Murry an d Katherin e Mansfiel d com e t o live at Higher Tregerthe n Relationship wit h Heseltin e broke n of f Military Servic e Bil l becomes la w Murry an d Katherin e Mansfiel d leav e for Mylor , Sout h Cornwal l Twilight in Italy General Conscriptio n goe s into effec t Bodmin; medica l examinatio n fo r military service ; granted complet e exemption Amoves publishe d i n Englan d (i n US A on 2 5 Septembe r 1916 ) Move int o cottag e a t Higher Tregerthe n formerly occupie d b y th e Murry s To Mylor , visitin g th e Murry s Visited b y Dolli e Radfor d Visited b y Barbar a Lo w Frieda t o London t o see children (stay s with Dolli e Radford ) Murry visit s with Frederic k Goodyea r Catherine Carswel l visit s Visited b y Rober t Mountsie r an d Esthe r Andrews In S t Ive s Visited b y Mountsie r (til l 3 1 December ) and Esthe r Andrew s (til l c. 1 2 January 1917) Mountsier unde r arres t a t Scotland Yar d Refused fres h passport s fo r US A Frieda t o London (a t Dollie Radford's ) to see childre n USA declare s wa r o n German y xxx
CHRONOLOGY Pafter n A p r i l - n Ma y 191 7 14-18 Apri l 191 7 19 April 191 7 19-25 Apri l 191 7 25-27 Apri l 191 7 27 April 191 7 4 May 191 7 30 May 191 7 8 June 191 7 c. 16—19 June 191 7 23 June 191 7 by August 191 7 ?3 September (o r 2 9 August) 191 7 ?29~3o Septembe r 191 7 11 October 191 7 12 October 191 7
15 October 191 7 c. 20 October-30 Novembe r 191 7
31 October 191 7 2 November 191 7
13 and 2 0 November 192 0 16 November 191 7 26 November 191 7 30 November-18 Decembe r 191 7 11 December 191 7 18 December 1917- 2 Ma y 191 8
Esther Andrew s a t Higher Tregerthe n Visits Ada a t Riple y At Nottingha m London (a t Koteliansky's , 5 Acacia Road, S t John's Wood ) Chapel Far m Cottage , Hermitage , Berkshire Returns t o Higher Tregerthe n In Penzanc e In S t Ive s In Penzanc e London t o see specialist (stay s a t Dolli e Radford's) Bodmin (fo r Arm y medica l re examination) Mail unde r surveillanc e Visit Ceci l Gra y a t Bosigra n Visit Ceci l Gra y a t Bosigra n To Penzanc e wit h Hockings ; Fried a t o Bosigran Police rai d Highe r Tregerthen ; D H L and Fried a ordere d ou t o f Cornwal l by 1 5 October unde r DOR A London (a t Dollie Radford's ) 44 Mecklenburgh Squar e (Hild a Aldington's flat) an d mee t Doroth y (Arabella) York e To th e oper a wit h Ad a Seeks permissio n fro m Wa r Offic e t o return t o Cornwal l (refuse d c. 15 November) To th e oper a wit h Cynthi a Asquit h Meets John Galsworth y Look! We Have Come Through! (i n US A by Huebsc h i n 1918 ) 13B Earls Cour t Squar e (Mr s Gray' s flat) Visited b y CID ; asks Lad y Cynthi a Asquith t o interven e Chapel Far m Cottage , Hermitage , Newbury, Berkshir e xxxi
CHRONOLOGY
28 December 1917-1 1 January 191 8 4? January 191 8 12 January 191 8 26 February 191 8
5-6 Marc h 191 8 6 March 191 8 5-12 Apri l 191 8 before 1 8 April 191 8 19 April 191 8
2 May 1918-2 4 Apri l 191 9 18-20 Ma y 191 8 21 May 191 8 i3?-26June 191 8 14 June 191 8 22-24 June 1 91& 27 June 191 8 30 June 191 8 12 July 191 8 3?-9 Augus t 191 8 12-16 Augus t 191 8 17-20 Augus t 191 8 20-22 Augus t 191 8 22-26 Augus t 191 8 26-31 Augus t 191 8 31 August 191 8 11 September 191 8
Ripley (a t Ada's ) London (a t Koteliansky's ) Hermitage Temporarily lodg e wit h Bessi e Low e i n Hermitage; introduc e themselve s t o Cecily Lamber t an d Viole t Mon k D H L t o Londo n (a t Koteliansky's ) Hermitage Ripley Frieda t o Londo n t o see the childre n Decides t o keep leas e of smaller cottag e at Higher Tregerthe n (relinquishe d 28 December ) Mountain Cottage , Middleton-by Wirksworth, Derbyshir e Visited b y Ad a an d Emil y wit h thei r children, an d Arthu r Lawrenc e Visited b y Salli e Hopki n (joine d b y Willie 2 3 May ) Dorothy York e visit s Visits Eastwood; applie s fo r assistanc e from Roya l Literar y Fun d Willie, Salli e and Eni d Hopkin , an d Kitty Allcoc k visi t Nancy Henr y visit s Eastwood an d Riple y Receives £5 0 fro m Roya l Literar y Fun d Fritz an d Ad a Krenko w visi t London (a t Kot's ) Mersea, Esse x (stayin g wit h Barbar a Low an d Edit h Eder ) London (a t Kot's ) Hermitage (wit h Margare t Radford ) Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshir e (wit h Carswells) Return t o Middleton-by-Wirkswort h Called fo r Arm y medica l re-examinatio n at Derby ; grade d 'fo r secondar y work' b y militar y authoritie s (26 September )
xxxn
CHRONOLOGY
October 191 8 7 October 191 8 c. 14 October 191 8
22 October-19? Novembe r 191 8 11 November 191 8 12 November 191 8 19? November 191 8
28 November 191 8
30 November-i Decembe r 191 8 19 December 191 8 25-27 Decembe r 191 8 29 January 191 9 8-9 Februar y 191 9 c. 15 February-17 Marc h 191 9 6 March 191 9 17 March 191 9 24 April 191 9 25 April-28 July 191 9 3-4 July 191 9 5-6 July 191 9 7 July 191 9 8 July 191 9 ?23-27july 191 9 28 July-29 Augus t 191 9
New Poems (in US A b y Huebsch o n 11 June 1920 ) London (a t Dolli e Radford's) ; visit s th e Murrys Visits G . S . Freeman , edito r o f The Times Educational Supplement, wh o requests article s Hermitage Armistice London fo r Armistic e part y (a t Montague Shearman's ) London (a t Kot's?) ; visit Catherin e Carswell, Katherin e Mansfield , Richard Aldingto n Returns t o Middleton-by-Wirkswort h (Frieda, a t Hermitage, return s t o Middleton 1 4 December ) At Ripley (an d visit s Eastwood ) Matlock Ripley Matlock Emily an d Pegg y Kin g visi t Ripley; D H L collapse d wit h influenz a Murry ask s for contribution s t o Athenaeum Return t o Mountain Cottag e wit h Ad a and Jackie Clark e Leave Middleton ; i n Birmingha m Return t o Hermitage (stayin g wit h Margaret Radford ) London t o obtain passport s (a t Barbar a Low's an d the n Kot's ) To th e Forg e House , Otford, Ken t (Helen Thomas's) , wit h Ver e Collin s London Returns t o Hermitag e London (a t Kot's) ; sees Edward Marsh , meets Thoma s Moul t Myrtle Cottage , Pangbourne, Berkshir e (at Rosalind Baynes's )
xxxin
CHRO OOLOGY
August 191 9 3~?2o Augus t 191 9 20 August 191 9 22 August 191 9 26 August 191 9 29 August-12 Septembe r 191 9
12 September-4 Novembe r 191 9 14 October 191 9 15 October 191 9 16 October 191 9 17 October 191 9 c. 20-25 Octobe r 191 9 4-14 Novembe r 191 9
14 November 191 9 15-17 Novembe r 191 9 17-19 Novembe r 191 9 19 November-10 Decembe r 191 9 20 November 191 9 3 December 191 9 10-13 Decembe r 191 9 13-22 Decembe r 191 9 22 December 191 9 23 December 191 9 25 December 1919-2 6 Februar y 1920 27 December 191 9 20 January 192 0
Second editio n o f New Poems Visited b y Ada an d Jack, an d Emil y an d Peggy Visit Margaret Radfor d a t Hermitage ; visit Cecil y Lamber t an d Viole t Mon k Joined b y Rosalin d Baynes , and b y Godwin Bayne s o n ?2 4 Augus t Mapledurham o n th e rive r Grimsbury Farm , Lon g Lane , Newbury , Berkshire (stayin g wit h Cecil y Lambert an d Viole t Monk ) Hermitage London (a t Catherine CarswelP s i n Hampstead) Frieda depart s fo r German y Visits Douglas Goldrin g Returns t o Hermitag e Ripley London (a t Kot's); visit s Goldring , Thomas Dunlop , Richar d Adington ; meets Ma x Plowma n Paris, en rout e fo r Ital y Modane; Val Salice , Turin (stayin g wit h Sir Walte r an d Lad y Becker ) Genoa; Leric i Florence; sees Norman Douglas ; meet s Maurice Magnu s Bay publishe d i n Englan d b y Cyri l Beaumont Frieda arrive s fro m Baden-Bade n Rome Picinisco (stayin g wit h Orazi o Cervi ) Naples, vi a Atina an d Cassin o To Capr i Palazzo Ferraro , Capri ; friendshi p wit h Compton Mackenzi e an d Franci s an d Jessica Bret t Youn g Breaks wit h Pinke r Gilbert Cannan' s ' A Defens e o f Lawrence' i n New York Tribune
xxxiv
CHRO 27-29 January 192 0 early Februar y 192 0 7 February 192 0 16 February 192 0 19-21? Februar y 192 0 26 February-2 Marc h 192 0 3 March 192 0 6 March 192 0 8 March-2 Augus t 192 0 9 March 192 0 10-13 Marc h 192 0 April 192 0 8 Apri l 192 0 ante 1 8 April 192 0 ante 1 8 April 192 0 24-29 Apri l 192 0
26 April-*:. 10 May 192 0 May 192 0 17-28 Ma y 192 0 c. 7 July 192 0 2-?3 Augus t 192 0 ?4-6 Augus t 192 0 7-12 Augus t 192 0
12-15 Augus t 192 0 16-18 Augus t 192 0
18 August-i Septembe r 192 0
OOLOGY
Amalfi 111 wit h 'flu ' Breaks wit h Murry , an d wit h Katherin e Mansfield Asks Mountsier t o act as his America n agent (accepte d o n 2 6 March ) Visits Magnus a t Montecassin o To Sicil y (Agrigento , Syracuse , Catania ) with Bret t Young s Giardini an d Taormin a Frieda arrive s wit h Mar y Canna n Fontana Vecchia , Taormina, Sicil y Confirms Seltze r a s American publishe r The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd produce d by Altrincham Stag e Society, Cheshir e Shestov's All Things are Possible (tr . Ko t and DHL ) Visited b y Gilber t Canna n Charcoal sketc h b y Jan Jut a Catania Randazzo wit h Jan Juta, Ren e Hansar d and Ala n Insole ; Maniace (visit s th e Duca d i Bronte, 2 5 April); Syracus e Magnus arrive s an d appeal s fo r hel p Touch and Go (in US A b y Seltze r o n 5 June) Malta wit h Mar y Cannan ; visit s Magnus , meets Bor g and Salomon e Curtis Brow n approache s D H L t o act a s agent To Montecassin o In Rom e wit h Juta an d Insol e San Filippo , Anticoli-Corrado, nea r Rome (wit h Juta an d Insole) ; Juta doe s a second charcoa l sketc h Florence Milan; Fried a t o Baden-Baden; D H L meets u p wit h Perc y an d Iren e Whittley With Whittley s t o Lake Com o an d Venice xxxv
CHRO sIOLOGY 2 September 192 0 3-28 Septembe r 192 0
8 Septembe r 192 0 16 September 192 0
ante 2 4 September 192 0 28 September-14 Octobe r 192 0 14-17 Octobe r 192 0 18 October 1920- 9 Apri l 192 1 9 November 192 0
Florence Villa Canovaia, Sa n Gervasi o (borrowe d from Rosalin d Baynes) ; sees Reginal d Turner an d Ann a d i Chiar a Picnic at Settignan o Anton Kippenber g grante d Germa n translation right s fo r on e yea r (late r extended til l 1924 ) Meets Carlot a Thrashe r Venice; sees Juta an d Insole ; joined b y Frieda 7 Octobe r Florence, Rome , Naples, Taormin a Fontana Vecchi a Women in Love publishe d i n US A b y Seltzer (i n Englan d b y Seeker , Jun e 1921)
25 November 192 0
The Lost Girl published i n Englan d b y Seeker (i n US A b y Seltzer , Januar y 1921)
29 November 192 0 4-6 January 192 1 6-13 January 192 1
c. 27 January 192 1 February 192 1
11-14 Marc h 192 1 by 1 6 March 192 1 c. 16 March 192 1 4 April 192 1 9 April 192 1 15-19 Apri l 192 1 19-20 Apri l 192 1
Cattle fai r a t Letoiann i To Messin a an d Palerm o Via Trapani t o Sardinia ; visit s Cagliari , Mandas, Sorgono , Nuoro, Terranov a (Olbia); returns t o Sicil y (Fontan a Vecchia) vi a Civitavecchia, Rom e an d Naples Visited b y Juta an d Insole ; Juta paint s DHL's portrai t i n oil s Movements in European History; The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd reissue d i n USA Palermo; sees Frieda of f t o Baden-Bade n Portrait b y Millicent Beveridg e Asks Barbara Lo w t o act a s his Englis h agent Asks Curti s Brow n t o be hi s Englis h agent Palermo Capri; meets Ear l an d Achsa h Brewster , and Fait h Mackenzi e Rome xxxvi
CHRO MOLOGY ?2i-23 Apri l 192 1 23 April 192 1 26 April 192 1 27 April-10 July 192 1 10 May 192 1
5-c. 2 7 July 192 1 10-18 July 192 1 20 July-25 Augus t 192 1 13-16 Augus t 192 1 25 August 192 1 30 August 192 1 2 September 192 1 10-17 Septembe r 192 1 12 September 192 1 19 September 192 1
20-22 Septembe r 192 1 c. 23-27 Septembe r 192 1 28 Septembe r 1921-2 0 Februar y 1922 5 November 192 1 2 December 192 1 9 Decembe r 192 1
20-26 Februar y 192 2 26 February 192 2
Florence; see s Rebecca Wes t an d Norman Dougla s Leaves fo r Baden-Bade n Baden-Baden Hotel Krone , Ebersteinburg , Baden Baden Psychoanalysis and the Unconscious published i n US A (i n England , Jul y 1923)
Mountsier visit s To Zell-am-Se e vi a Constance an d Bregenz, Austri a At Villa Alpensee, Thumersbach, Zell am-See Mountsier visits ; then leave s fo r Pari s To 3 2 Via dei Bardi, Florenc e Mary Canna n visit s Heseltine threaten s libe l action ove r Women in Love (settle d 1 5 November ) Catherine an d Donal d Carswel l visi t Percy an d Iren e Whittle y visi t First batc h o f proofs fo r Germa n translation o f The Rainbow fro m D r Anton Kippenber g To Sien a (21st ) an d Rom e (22nd ) wit h Whittleys Visit Ear l an d Achsa h Brewste r i n Capr i At Fontan a Vecchi a Begins correspondenc e wit h Mabe l Dodge Stern e Sea and Sardinia publishe d i n US A Tortoises published i n USA ; acknowledges James Tai t Blac k Memorial Priz e fo r The Lost Girl To Naples , vi a Palerm o Leave Naple s fo r Ceylo n aboar d R.M.S. Osterley
XXXVll
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Riva^ Limoney^ San L y . A c a m p i o n e ( GaudenzioVT^J««'~A • Gargnano v . // Salo « r ^ V ' " a
/
c,i
L
I T A L Y
Gargnano
( Lake Garda
Over the Alps from Ickin g to Lake Garda xxxix
"\n_ A
-"V-^X.
BERN
R'9'
S W I T Z E R L A N D
Lucerne %^^y/
v I Zugersee Kiissnacht <m \ j
r^Zug
Kilchbergi Adliswilli. xv _„ . . AlbispassVV\ Zunchsee
ZURICH
LIECHTENSTEIN
/
/
^
AUSTRIA
I T A L Y
I
25
1
Como
MILAN
Chiasso*/ \
Lake Como
"^T
1914
The return journeys : Baden-Baden t o Milan, September 1913 ; and back through Switzerlan d wit h A. P. Lewis, Turin t o Baden-Baden, June
TURIN
S
y
^ S W I T Z E R L A N D
~^7s
~K '
AUSTRIA
'Vallombrosa
C
/
A F R I C A
^
rSorgonoYTonaraX ~ Mt Gennargentu
Nuoro. SARDINIA
Ischia
o
/orosei '
Terranova*^!* Tavolara I [Olbia]
*
^^^ 1 .
fWlf/ \'J*i- « H H I / wi ? ° •nlr/ * 1 IB «- . w
B H / if* - JB B
H5fep«/.ili
/W%
BB»^55^*t^4.^Bu !; V
l^'l w% M 1 B
/ •• „ J
' i . | H | •CANMBI ^
-j>lGHATl.'8K Of BEARER SIGNATUR
L~.S xi '&t M
wH V\S m
6 D.H . Lawrence, October 1919
* I
E D O TITU&AIR K
/ v'o V ^ rfOUAt-fi&tast-e^ '• (
, ,
'
^ :
.:
7 D . H. Lawrence, c. 1 9 September 1921
8 Fried a at Irschenhausen on her birthday, 11 August 1913, wearing the Bavarian costume given to her by the Jaffes (cf. (ii. 57-60) and p. 91)
•
^•HJto^U. '^TflB"^ ^
51l§
9 Fried a and Lawrence at Grimsbury Farm, Hermitage, near Newbury, Berkshire, probably September 1919
flits Bill]
SIGNATURE O F BEARE R SISNATUR
10 Frieda , October 1919
R D U TI^I'LAIR B
11 Frieda , c. 19 September 1921
12 Barones s von Richthofen, c. 192 4
J*- •
!
^H !
r/
'jlt(
13 Elsejaffe , 191 6
14 EdgarJaffe ,