Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy c.300-1450

STUDIES IN THE B Y Z A N T I N E MONETARY ECONOMY c. 300-1450 M I C H A E L F. H E N D Y Associate Advisor in Numismatics, Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington, D.C. Lecturer in Numismatics, University of Birmingham

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Published by the Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 iRP 32 East 57th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia © Cambridge University Press 1985 First published 1985 Printed in Great Britain by the University Press, Cambridge Library of Congress catalogue card number: 83-2631 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Hendy, Michael F. Studies in Byzantine monetary economy, c. 300-1450 1, Monetary policy—Byzantine Empire I. Title 332.4/9495 HG1204.B9 ISBNO 521 24715 2

UP

CONTENTS

List of plates

page xi

List of maps List of tables

xiii xv

Abbreviations Preface and acknowledgements Introduction

xvii xix i

S E C T I O N I: E C O N O M Y A N D S O C I E T Y

i

The land

2I

(i)

2I

The modern situation A. The Balkans

*i 26

B. Anatolia C . The islands D . Observations

33 34

(n)

The mediaeval situation (fertility and infertility) A. The Balkans B, Anatolia

35 35 4