Oxford Word Skills Basic(Student's Book)

Basic Ruth Gairns and Stuart Redman

Learn and practise English vocabulary

I

Basic Ruth Gairns and Stuart Redman

Oxford Word Skills

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15BN:

978019�O

ACXNOWLBDGlI"MBKTS

AIruny Images pp 55 (airplaneJMint Pbotngrapby). 65 (leg of lambOeffMorgan. tuna steak/Maximj1Jian WeinzIerl). 6 7 (raw peas/foodfulio. cooked peasfPaul Bradforth). n (grl11ecI fisb{lmage.s ofBirmingbam). 140 nvrrony Cardoza, radio{Mark Bolton Photography. MiniJNatonal Motor Museum) Cephas Picture Library P 65 (squid{llm Hill)

Corbis pp 16 (blooming treesfBloomimage. beach in summer! Randy Faris. winterflmagel(0), 36 (couple(l'imPaonell). 72 (fried eggsO. Riou). 72 (roast chJc:kell/David Thomas{PictoreArts) . 140 (ocar red carpet/Chris Pizze11o/Reuters. Olympic flagJDuomo). 164 (broken pendl[Jose Luis Pelaez/Blend Images) Bpson p 55 (printer) Getty Images pp 37 (two womenJBlisabeth Knox/photographer's Olo.ice). 39 (two womenfE1isabeth KnoxfPhotographet's Choice), 50 (tightsJDave KingfDorlIDg KinOOs1ey), 96 (bazaar/ikott R. Barbourl Image Ban1c). 133 (orchestra/Oliver BennfStone. Vanessa Mae! George ChinlWlrY en! in anoth er pl ace I,nol in !hec"rcl

'I'uc,,1 here.

2

o

Glossary

y"•. please! I'd Ilk.. " h",n ';Hldwlcil un I\rown N-cad pl�"se, and t wo chick"!:UCllCS I, Ihalt" eal h",c or 'ake;,w;.y"

here

black

01

coUe!!?

Q(

a seat. ple�se,

of minute5

Do the exercises. Check your answers in the answer key (page 203).

bread?

Add one word in each line of the conversation.

'105, p!eQ,;o.('

�

W Pl ease?

ke two coffeeeiye>11 'i�s,p'.a$f.7 (

....

_

..

_ _.... ...., ---

"""--'

-

-

.... --_..... -

....--_

...

-..... __.-.

s.3r1dW1Ch Iham I please I I03SI::�'"

Area in the world

Country

Nationality (Language)

Europe

The Czech Republic France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Poland Portugal Russia Spain Switzerland Turkey India China Japan South Korea Thailand Canada The Un ited States Mexico Argentina

Czech French German Greek Hungarian Italian Polish Portuguese Russian Spanish Swiss (German. French. Italian) Turkish Indian (Hindi) Chinese (Mandarin. Cantonese) Japanese Korean Thai Canadian (English. French) American (English) Mexican (Spanish) Argentinian (Spanish) Brazilian (Portuguese) Saudi (Arabic) Egyptian (Arabic) Australian (English)

Asia Asia/The Far East

North America Central America South America

Brazil

The Middle East Africa Australasia

Saudi Arabia Egypt Australia

The word for the language and the word for the nationality arc usually the same. e.g. Czech is the nationality and the language. Sometimes they are different. e.g. people from Mexico are Mexican. but they speak Spanish. Countries. nationalities. and languages begin with capital letters: Japan NOT japaR. People from a country To talk about people from a country. we often add 's' to the nationality. e.g. I talians . Brazilians. Thais. Greeks. Some plural forms are irregular: the British. the French. the English. the Spanish. the Chinese. the Japanese. the Swiss.

(Great) Britain = England. Wales. and Scotland The United Kingdom/The UK = England. Wales. Scotland. and Northern Ireland Only people from England are Engllsh. People from Scotland. Wales. and Northern Ireland are not English, but they are British.

1 8 BASIC ENGLISH

0

True or false? Write T or F. ..

Argentinians speak Spanish. � Saudis speak Arabic.

__

Mexicans speak Spanish. 3 Thais speak Japanese. 4 Hungarians speak Hungarian. 2

__

The Chinese speak Chinese. Brazilians speak Portuguese. Americans speak English. Czechs speak Polish.

__

__

__

__

__

Complete the sentences.

..

China is in The Far tast 1 Scotland is in Great 2 Hungary is in 3 Mexico is in

5 6 7 America. East.

Argentina is in Egypt is in

______

8

Saudi Arabia is in India is in

9

Australia is in

America.

Write the names of the countries and languages.

..

n�land

E

, §Iish

6

F

7

2 G 3 S

______

8

,

9

10 11

4 P 5 I

fa

6

7 9

__

4 Thailand is in The

0

Australians speak Australian.

8

__

e

5

The C P H L

-

G T

Complete the boxes with nationalities ending i n these letters. -ian

-ish

-an

[t.alian

" • Test yourself. Cover the nationalities and languages in the table on page at the countries and say the nationalities and languages.

18.

Look

BASIC ENGLISH

19

5 I ca n

use classroom vocabulary 6)

1 board

2 board pen

3 noticeboard

4 bag

5 desk

6 CD player and CD

D

7 pen

.. ., 10! ij

8 pencil sharpener

'�W._·I";&I

(..;....-.:1

9 ruler

,

t..f

.�t- . ,,�

10 pencil

.

,,\\,. � .

l��", I�;

1 1 rolder

12 piece or paper 1 3 rubber

14 notebook

1 5 dictionary 1 6 table

17 chair 18 cassette player

o

Tick (,f) the things you can put in a bag. Put a cross (.�) by the things you can't. � �

pen 121

board [KJ

7 dictionary 0

5 board pen 0

9 noticeboard 0

Add another word to make a longer word or phrase. �

note\,goL_ . _ _

._

1 board . . 2 cassette . . ..

.. .

_

___

e o

12 pencil sharpener 0

10 pencil 0

6 CD 0

2 piece of paper 0

1 1 table 0

8 ruler 0

4 rubber 0

1 desk 0

e

3 chair 0

_ _.. . .. .____

ABOUT YOU Write

4

notice. pencil

5

piece of

3

____

6

CD

__ .

__

four things you've got at home, and four things you haven't got. � I haven't got --" cassd te p\��e,..'-

• Test yourself. Cover the words and name the things in the picture.

20 BASIC ENGLISH

. __.

6 I can

use English language words 6)

noun

a sentence

adverb definite article

{ An � lm�nllwalkedllsIO�IYl ld0l"nl � hill. l adjective

verb

preposition

plural noun (more than one)

indefinite article

11elspoke tO�littlel9fUand twolbOysj tGood morning:1 he said. l

pronoun o o o

singular noun (one)

phrase

There are eight words in the first sentence. and thirteen in the second. Walk is a regular verb; the past simple is walked. Speak is an irregular verb. The past simple Is spoke. and the past participle is spoken. (The past participle is used to form the present perfect.)

o

Circle the correct answer. rtidey � A a nd the are adjectives.(j

5

2 Woman is a noun/sentence.

7 Go and do are verbs/past simple

preposition/pronoun. Speak is a regular/an irregular verb.

forms.

8 Slowly and quickly are adverbs/phrases.

3 Up is a

e

is the past simple/past partici ple of speak.

6 Books is singular/plural.

1 A and an are definite/indefinite articles.

4

Spoken

Find the answers for each sentence.

I have three English lessons every week.

� a verb _have

__

1

2

a plural noun

____

a pronoun _

There's a young man from Rome in the class.

3 an adjective 4 a preposition

Today, he asked a question, and he spoke quickly.

7 8

5

6

an adverb an irregular past simple

I think he's in the wrong class. 10 a singular noun

_ . __ _

9

11

an indefinite article a definite arti cle

____

_ _ _ _

a

reg ular past simple

a sentence

___ _

_ _ _ _

BASIC ENGLISH

21

7 I can

ask and answer questions about language Answer

Question

I don't know. = It's a new word for me. OR It means 'terrible'.

What does 'dreadful' mean? (NOT Whatme..... 'e.ea5-,e",i�J!.h"t,,,

_ _ _ _

1 My brother has eighteen years old. 2 I born in 1990. 3 My sister is younger that me.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

4 His parents are divorce.

___.

5 There are five of we in my family. 6 She is more old than her brother. 7 We spend together a lot of time.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

8 Who is the youngest of the family7

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

___________

U n it 1 1 1

Complete the table with the verbs in the box. push .I walk pick something up stand up hold pull drop turn something off run put something down ride Using your hands

carry

jump climb

Using your feet or legs

2 Circle the correct word.

� You get o

� house.

6 You can hold a bag/a classroom.

1

You can open a door/a light.

2

7 You can break some juice/a pencil.

You can touch a park/a wall.

8 You can climb a tree/a bus. 9 You can close a TV/a book. 10 You can sit down on a bed/the sea.

3 You can turn on a radio/a watch. 4 You can pick up a carla bicycle. S You can ride a carla bicycle.

Un it 1 2 1 Above or below the waist? Write A (above) or B (below).

� foot :P A � head _ _ 1 ears __

_ _ _.

__

ankle 3 foot 4 chest 2

___

__

5 shoulder 6 chin

__

__

__

7

leg

8 knee 9 toes 10 nose

___

___ .

__

__

11 12

13

bottom neck mouth

__

__

___

2 Write another part of the body which is between the other two. Look at the example. � nose I?:!outh chin mouth 3 wrist fingers 6 eyes 4 ankle 1 hand _____ shoulder toes _

2 chest

____ _

_____

head

5 back

___ _ __ __

leg

REVIEW: PEOPLE 43

U nit 1 3 1

Write about the people.

�

Sne 's tall, sli." o,hd

at.lcr-o,cUve. Sne 's �ot.

."ediLl",-leh�n, da..-k bCOWh hai..-.

She 's

C\

1.eeha'l.ec,-

1 2 3 4 2 Put the words in order from young (1) to old (9). in your early thirties

D middle-aged D

D

OJ

a baby

a teenager

in your mid-twenties

D

elderly

a child

D

D in your late thirties D

D

in your early sixties

U n it 1 4 1

Complete the table with words from the box. Positive

Negative

f"-ie.hdl�

unf..-iendl�

Positive or negative

2 Complete the dialogues. � She's nice. - Yes, very

p"'I"'ea"'s"'C\""n1.=-

_ _ _

1 She doesn't do any work. - No, she's very 2 Does she meet new people easily? - No, she's very 3 Did you live in the same place? - Yes, we

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

__ _ _ _ _ _

______ ___

_ ____

4 I really like being with her. - Yes, she's great 5 She's clever, isn't she? - Yes, very 6 Were you with other people? - No, I was

_

_ _ _ _

_ _ _

7 She makes me laugh. - I know, she's very 8 She plans everything. - Yes, she's very

44 REVIEW: PEOPLE

a flat.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

funny stupid quiet clever friendly '/ horrible kind untidy sociable organized serious unfriendly '/

U n it 1 5 1

Circle the correct word. Lucy

�new John at a disco when she was just twenty. She (1) gotIwent out with

him for a year. Then suddenly, one weekend, he took her to Paris where they got (2) marry/married. They have a very good (3) relation/relationship, and they (4) get/go on well with each other's family, too. Last year, they (5) gotIhad a baby girl called Paula. They've been (6) together/each other for eight years now. I don't think they will ever split (7) off/up, or (8) get/go divorced, because they are a very happy (9) coupleltwo.

2 Complete the questions with a verb from the box. become (x2)

is (x2)

give

get (x2)

� ..f..!lthey married? 1 How did you to know Jack? 2 When did you friends with Jana? 3 Elena your closest friend? 4 Do you your ex-boyfriend often? __

___ __

are,!

see

5 Does your mother you good advice? 6 How did you flatmates? on well with your sister? 7 Do you 8 your cousin divorced? ____

_ _ _ _

Un it 1 6 1

Correct the spelling mistakes.

� He's frightend . ...£r"i�htehe.d 1 Why are they exited? 2 I'm hangry.

6 I feel tierd.

__

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ __ _ _

7 She's scard of dogs. 8 Is he nervos? 9 What's the mater? 10 She's thursty.

_ __ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _

3 She was very suprised. 4 I think he was embarassed. 5 I'm very worrid.

_ _ _ _

_ _ _ __ _

_ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

2 Are these feelings positive or negative? Write P or N. � She's very sad. N 1 My daughter's excited about the dog. 2 She's really unhappy at the moment.

6 My brother's in love.

_ _

__

__

3 He was embarrassed about it. 4 I don't feel well. 5 It's freezing in this room.

__

7 He's scared of her. 8 I was very upset about it. 9 I felt nervous before I met him. __

___

10 They're all happy.

__

__

__ .

__

__

REVIEW: PEOPLE 45

17 I

1

can describe my routine

usually get up at 7.00.

1 usu a l ly leave home

1 have a shower.

r

[ get to work al 8. 30.

1 finish work al S.OO.

at 8.00.

1 have brealifast.

get dressed.

usually and normally 1 usually/normally go

to work by btls means thaI I go 10 work by bus most days.

1 go to bed at 1 1 . 30.

o

f)

l sleep seven hours a night.

Match the verbs in column 1 with words in columns 2 and 3. Write the sentences. 1

2

3

�

1 get up ,/

work

before breakfast

1

1 get

at ,/

at 1 1 o'clock

2

1 have

seven hours

7.30 a.m. '/

3

1 leave

dressed

at 6 p.m.

4

1 finish

home

with my family

5

1 have

dinner

a night

6

I go

breakfast

at 8.00 a.m

7

1 sleep

to bed

at 8.30 a.m.

I �e:l LIp at 730

a .",.

Complete the questions with the correct verb. (You will write your answers in Exercise 3.) ABOUT YOU � What time do you usually �h� in the morning? Do you dressed before or after breakfast? 2 Do you a shower in the morning?

I �e1.

u�

at 7.30.

_ . ___

__ . __

3 What time do you . 4 What time do you 5 Who do you

____

__

dinner with?

6 What time do you normally 46 EVERYDAY LIFE

home in the morning? to school/university/work?

__

-_

to bed?

. _ - ---

o o

ABOUT YOU Write your answers to Exercise 2, or ask another student.

• Test yourself. Look at the pictures and cover the sentences. Say the phrases.

�

B Weekends (Saturday and Sunday) 6)

�

you do at tbe weekend

G l ossary at the weekend on Saturday and Sunday during the week from Monday to Friday stay in stay at home once a week one time in every week twice a week two times every week come round come to my home go out leave home to go to a bar. cinema. restaurant. etc. go shopping go to the shops to buy clothes. CDs. etc.

During the week I usually stay in after school. I often study in the

in

evenings. watch TV. listen to music. or just talk to my famlly. Once or twIce a week. my boyfriend comes ronnd and we have dinner together or go and see a film. At the weekend, I go ont a lot more. On Saturday morning I usually go shopping with a friend. or I go to the gym. and sometimes I study in the afternoon. I go out with my boyfriend in the evening. On Sundays. I get up late. We often go for a walk. and in the summer we play tennis.

"

late after the usual time OPP early go for a walk have a short walk to enjoy yourself Play ten

n�

Find nine more phrases. You can go up t, down L or across -. the

shopping

go

for

a

do

week '" the I

or

once

walk

twice

a

week

tennis play

go

in

go

shopping gym

at the

come

round

to

the

weekend

during

-f>-

stay

o

(When you do the shopping you buy food.)

go to the gym

Complete the sentences. � I go to a restaurant -'O"' """ Ce"'Do you want to

_ _ _ _

shopping? to my flat after work. tennis this weekend. on Saturday?

2 Come 3 I can't 4 Do you want to go __

5 6

7 8 9

10

or twice a week.

the week I usually stay Iast night. I'm really tired today because I went to bed the weekend? What are you doing I go to the twice a week because I like to exercise. I often at 8.00 in the morning. the shopping very We often go and a film on Sunday.

.

_ _ _

________

_____

___

____

.

•

EVERYDAY LIFE 47

C

Frequency words 6) 0%

100%

always

often

sometimes

never

He goes out evcry day means 'he goes out on Monday. Tuesday, Wednesday. Thursday, Friday. Saturday and Sunday'. Be careful! He works every day means 'be works from Monday to Sunday'. ' He works all day means 'he works from 9.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m.

Is the meaning of the sentences the same or different? Write 5 or D. �

I always go shopping on Saturdays.

I go shopping every Saturday.

I sometimes work at home.

I often work at home.

2

She's hardly ever late for work.

She's rarely late for work.

3

We often finish classes early.

We finish classes early every day.

4

I never eat meat.

I occasionally eat meat.

5

She always has a shower in the morning.

She has a shower every morning.

6

In August we play tennis every day.

In August we play tennis all day.

1

e

hardly ever

OR rarely

every and all

These adverbs go before the main verb (e.g. get up). but after an auxiliary verb (e.g. do, does, have, can or be). I always get up late on Sundays. Do you often go out in the evening? We occasionally go for a walk. I'm hardly ever ill.

o

occasionally

S

Write the sentences using a word from the box. every day

always

hardly ever

often .!

all day

occasionally

never

� Hiro goes to restaurants two or three times a week.

1

Haruko always gets up early. Hiro goes to the gym once a year. . 3 Haruko stays in seven nights a week. 4 Hiro studies from 9.00 to 5.00.

-----_

__ _ _

.

_ --

2

_.

_ _ _ _

_ _ _

5 Haruko doesn't have a shower in the morning. 6

o

Hiro goes to the cinema about six times a year.

___

.

__ _ _ _ _

ABOUT YOU True or false? If a sentence is false, change the word in bold to make it true.

� I hardly ever play tennis.

F='alse. LQfleh pla� 1.,eh!1",lS",.

_ _ _

I always have a shower before breakfast. 2 I often go out on Friday evening. 3 I never listen to music in the evening. 4 I rarely study on Sunday.

_ _ _ _

_ _ _

_ _ _ _

___ _ _ _

5 I sometimes watch TV at the weekend. 6 I never work in the evening. 7 I usually go shopping on Monday. 8 I occasionally go to the gym after dinner.

_ _ _ _ _ _. _

__.

_ __ _ _ _

_ _ _. _

48 EVERYDAY LIFE

___

.

1 8 I ca n

talk about clothes

A Clothes 6) 1

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

shirt top jumper SYN sweater trousers jeans skirt dress T-shirt jacket 7 suit coat raincoat

o

Complete the words.

2 3

� s � 1t 1 j t 2 t 3 j r 4 c t

5

5

6 T-

____

______

7

s

8

____

0

white

•

brown

0

crea.m

•

0

yellow

•

orange

red

_ _ _

___

t

I often wear jeans. She isn't wearing a skirt today. 1 wore a bltle sliirL yesterday.

s

s

_ _ _ _ _

r

•

•

green

blue

0

•

grey

black

purple

•

0

•

0

darl. blue

pink

pale blue OR light blue

Look at the clothes above. True or false? Write T or F. � a green sweater � � red trousers F 1 a pale blue shirt 2 dark blue jeans 3 a light blue coat _ _

__

__

__

0

____

wear

• Test yourself. Cover the words and name the things in the pictures.

B Colours 6)

o

d j

9 s

_ _

e

r ______ t

4 grey trousers 5 a black suit 6 a brown jacket

__

__

__

7 a pale yellow top __ 8 a pink raincoat

9 a blue skirt

__

10 an orange and white T-shirt· 1 1 a purple dress 12 a cream jumper

__

___

__

__

• Test yourself. Cover the words and name the colours. EVERYDAY LIFE 49

C Accessories 6)

scarf

umbrella

trainers

.,

1 trainers 2 scarf 3 jeans 4 sandals 5 glove 6 scarf

�

Trousers, jeans. tights. clothes and (suo)gIasses are always plural. They take a plural verb form. These trousers are very nice. NOT '['hisiHJUseris 1' 6 '1/u ice. My jeans were cheap.

Make the sentences singular if possible. � Are these your boots? .

h this �ou(" b.oo-!..f. 4 l e'-'. . ib", Not P.