Oklevetani svetac : Vladika Nikolaj i srbofobija

, BnaAHMHp ,ll;HMHTpHjeBHh OKlIEBETAHM CBETAU / BlIA,ll;MKA BJIaAWMWp ,IJ;WMwTpwjeBwh M CPEOOEMJA HMKOlIAJ 113gaea'i...

Author: Vladimir Dimitrijevic.

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, BnaAHMHp ,ll;HMHTpHjeBHh OKlIEBETAHM CBETAU / BlIA,ll;MKA

BJIaAWMWp ,IJ;WMwTpwjeBwh

M CPEOOEMJA

HMKOlIAJ

113gaea'i lIHo, fOplbH MHnaHOBa~ 3a u3gaea'ia Cno60AaH

06paAOBHh

OKJIEBETAHJ1 CBETAQ

YpegHuK U3ga1ba JOBaH Cp6YJb Pe/,{eH3eHiUu

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P. ,ll;parHh KHjYK

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BJIa1J;HKaHHKOJIaj

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CpnCKe npaBO-

C rromTOBalbeM

BJIaAHKY HJiIKOJIaja HarraAaJIJiI cy MHOrJiI - JiI3a :>KJiIBOTa,JiIrrOCJIe CMpTH. HJiIje HJiIqYAO. Jep, aKO cy XpJiICTa rocrroAa, BarrJIoheHY Jby6aB BO:>KJiIjy, rOHJiIJIJiI,rOHJiIhe JiI IheroBe cJIeA6eHJiIKe; aKO cy CBeQe BO:>KJiIjeOMP3HYJIH, BOrOqOBeKa cy OMP3HYJIJiIrrpe lbJiIX (JH 15, 18).

MOpaqaHJiIHe. Ha 3aBpmeTKY MOry TJiIpehJiI

qOBeK, BeJIHKH Cp6HH H AocTojaHcTBeH

3HAK IIPOTMB KOrA CE rOBOPM

I

48 CaTJiI: 60JIeCHOr

6e3 YCJIyre a MeHe 6e3 CBeTJIOCTJiI.To HaM je 6JiIJIa Ka3Ha ,,3a

TaKO je TO 6JiIJIO, MOj Apam

11

1952. rOAJiIHe)*

"

a BJiIJiIAJiITerra Tpa:>KHTe CBeTJIOCTHa MCTOKY!" HJiImKO "OCJI060I)elbe"

OA 8.

aBrycTa 1915. Ha3BaJIO ra je jeAHJiIMKHOr MeTaJIa': a rrOCJIe HJiIKOJIajeBe CMpTJiIce qaK XBaJIJiIOKaKO je OH, 6e36o:>KHJiIK, 6paHJiIO rrojaM Bora 0)); HJiIKOJIajeBJiIX3JIoyrroTpe6a ("nOJIJiITJiIKa': 11. aBrycT 1963). HJiIKmJiIhKa "CJI060));Ha MJiICaO" (25. 12. 1938) ra je OIlTY:>KJiIBaJIaAa CBeTocaBcKY

QPKBY "TyljoM cMjepHJiIQoM YBO));JiIy rrYHY orracHocT':

XaI,IJiI-To));op ):(JiIMJiITpJiIjeBJiIh y peBJiIjJiI"Hame lbJiIqJiIHJiIKOJIaja));a je 3a BpeMe npBor

ceJIo" (28. oKT06ap

HeKJiI

1938) CYM-

CBeTCKor paTa y EHrnecKoj JiIAMepJiIQJiI

Kpao rrape ));aTe 3a Cp6CKJiI QpBeHJiI KpCT. Y AMepJiIqKoj "CJI060));Hoj

peqJiI"

pacrrorr ):(peHOBaQ, O));Max rro ));OJIaCKYTJiITa Ha BJIaCT y Beorpa));y, Harrao je BJIa));JiIKYHJiIKOJIaja 360r rOBopa "HaQJiIOHaJIJiI3aM CBeTOr CaBe': JiIrrpBJiI ra, 0)); CBJiIXKojJiI he TO pa));HTJiI));0 ));aHa ));aHamlber, orrTY:>KJiIO3a KpJiIrrTOXJiITJIepJiI3aM. ):(peHOBaQ, JiI3));ajHJiIKQpKBe JiIBepe, Ta));a je peKao ));a HJiIKOJIaj rrpo•••OBaj TeKCT je OTKpHO BpeAHH

HCTpKaTHy 6y):\yhHOCTH:' CTaHHCJIaB KpaKoB (1951): BOCBellITeHHK. Ja HaHJIa3HM BallIY HajJIenllIY BeJIHlJHHYy TOMe llITO CTeyseK

"MJIa):\H npoK):\a lJaK H):\a ce Ha30Be cBeTocaBcKO-HHKOJIajeBcKa n;pKBa! To cy lJHlbeHHn;e:' ,I(p ,I(HMHTpHje Haj):\aHoBHIi:

lberOBOM 036HJbHOllIhy H ca lberOBOM HCKpeHollIhy, H CBaKHje O):\Max npHMeTHO ):\aOH 3aHCTa H Bepyje OHOllITO nponOBe):\a H ):\aMY CBaKapelJ nOTHlJe

neBajy CJIaBonojH, TO BJIa):\HKaHHKOJIaj, CJIaBonojHHK XpHCTOB, MHOrOMHJIO-

H3 ):\y6HHe cpn;a H ):\yme, r):\e JIe:>KelberOBa lJBpCTa Bepa H lJBpCTOy6el)elbe.

CHH reHHje CBeTocaBCKH. ( ...) CBaKHM KopaKOM y ):\yrOM XO):\y 6y):\yhHOCTH

( ...) Qeo pa):\ CBHXCp6a Koje je ):\aHac Cp6Hja nOCJIaJIay AMepHKY He Bpe):\H HH CTOTHHHTH):\eo OHor ycnellIHor pa):\a KOjH je EnHCKon HHKOJIaj ):\0 ):\aHac H3BpllIHO:'

lberOB CBeTJIHJIHK he ce CBe BHllIe np030paBaTH, YBeJIHlJaBaTH, CBeTJIOllIhy

fpuropHje

BO:>KOBHIi(1937):

"Eoro):\aHH neCHHK, BeJIHKH KajycBecTpaH H MO:>Kece nope):\HTH ca ):\eJIaTHollIhy CBeTor CaBe. ( ...) BJIa):\HKaHHKOJIaj je 06HOBHO cpncKo n;pKBeHo 6ece):\HHllITBO H 6HO HajBehH 6ece):\HHK y HCTOpHjH CpncKe n;pKBe:'

1

36

37

jp;:
Hrype' nponoBep;a Behe CBOjy pot)eHY 3eMJbY J1 Cnpe'laBa H rOJIJ1Ma.

"

Yp;pY)l(elbe npaBOCJIaBHOr "TaKot)e ce orpat)yjeMo

HajoTpOBHJ1jJ1<pallIJ13aM, KJIe-

aKn;J1jy 3a nOMoh 60JIHJ1Ma, rnap;HJ1Ma

CBemTeHCTBa cl>HPJ (1949):

J1 ocyt)yjeMo

MJ1pOBJ1ha J1 I1pJ1Heja 1)opt)eBJ1ha,

pap; J1 enJ1CKOna HJ1KOJIaja BeJIJ1-

KOjJ1 cy ce J1 nOCJIe oCJI060t)elba

Hallie

oTaI,I6HHe 3ap;p)l(aJIJ1 y Ta60py J1MnepHjaJIJ1CTJ1'1KJ1X3eMaJba J1 ca J1MnepJ1jaJIJ1CTJ1ManpJ1)1(eJbKyjy J1 Kyjy nOHOBO ponCTBO 3a Hallie Hapop;e J1cejy JIa)l(J1, MpaK J1 He3Halbe:'

41

, I.~

~.

CBelUTeHHK JOBO Pa1l;0BHh, YAPY)f{elbaQ (1959):

"Y

OBOMpaTY CMOHM3nH qeTHpH BnaAHKe KaO H3AajHHKe, 0A KOjHX Cy TpojHQa AaHaCy AMepHl.\H. HHKonaj BenHMHpOBHh, MpHHej 1)op1)eBHh H ,ll;HoHHcHje MHnHBojeBHh.

)l{anocHa je CnHKa, 6paho, Aa OBa TpojHQa BnaAHKa

He cMejy ce nOBpaTHTH y CBoj HapOA 360r IDHXOBor H3AajcTBa:' MYll ~HPJ (1951), JlOBOAOMoAY3HMalDa Ap)l(aBJbaHCTBa CB. HHKO"llpHnaAHHK

npOTHBHapoAHe nOJIHTHqKe opraHH3al.\Hje 360p H Kao ca-

Y 'IyseHOM cepHjaJIY B92 "lleIlIqaHHK" KBH IlIanyhe':

AaTe cy MHoro6pojHe

nOA Ha3HBOM ,,3aIlITO ce y [(p-

H3jaBe 0 caAallilDeM CTalDYCp6CKe llpa-

BOCJIaBHe[(pKBe; HapaBHO, CBHcarOBOpHHl.\H cy MOpaJIH Aa ce "OqeIlIY" H 0 CBeTor HHKOJIaja )l(HqKor.

"Y MaHaCTHpy apxaH1)eJIa raBpHJIa Y 3eMyHy

HMa jeA-

Ha cppeCKa rAe je npHKa3aH HHKOJIaj BeJIHMHpOBHh, a H Y BO)l(AOBaqKoj l.\PKBH, rAe je MHJIHh OA MaqBe OCJIHKaOl.\eJIYl.\PKBY H npeACTaBHO HHKOJIaja

paAHHK oKynaTopa n06erao H3 3eMJbe npeA OCJI0601)elDeM:' MHnom MHHHh (1981):

BeJIHMHpOBHha Kao MyqeHHKa. BeJIHMHpOBHh ce TaMO Halliao Ha CJIHl.\HH Y

"llHCal.\ l.\pKBeHHx 6eceAa y CJIY)l(6H BepcKor cpaHaTH3Ma:' Jby6Hma JaKmHh (OCllo6olje1be, 7. jYJI 1981): "PaTHH 3JIO'lHHal.\ enHCKon )l(HqKH HHKOJIaj BeJIHMHpOBHh KOjH je HMao

APYI1ITByl)aKoHa ABaKYMa H apxH1)aKoHa CTecpaHa, KojH cY 1817. Ha6HjeHH Ha KOJIal.\OA cTpaHe TypaKa H oKpY)I(eH je HeKHM 6e3HMeHHM MyqeHHQHMa H3 JaceHoBQa KojH cY OCJIHKaHHOKOlDera:' (KaKaB cTpyqlDaK! CB. ABaKYM je Ha6HjeH Ha KOJIal.\1814. rOAHHe, a CB .

paTHO-3JIO'lHHaqKY 6HorpacpHjy:' .D;paroMHp MHTpOBH1i, KOMYHHCTHqKHHCTOpHqap (1985):

CTecpaH je cTpaAao Kao npBH MyqeHHK, HeKOJIHKOrOAHHa nOCJIeBaCKpcelDa

"HHKOJIaj je 6HO jeAaH 0A fJIaBHHX nOKpeTaqa 3Apy*eHe

XPHCTOBOr!) MHpKO 1)op1)eBHh ce npHAPy*yje JbOTHheBCKHHAeOJIOr':

aKl.\Hje CBHX

peaKl.\HOHapHHx H KOJIa60pal.\J10HJ1CTJ1qKJ1X CHara, IDJ1XOBe60p6e npOTJ1BY napTJ13aHa, KOMYHHCTaH HapoAHor OTnopa:' H080cUlU (6.10.1986): r "HajMpaqHHja JIH'IHOCTy J1CTOpHjHcpncKor HapoAa, lhoTHheB HAeOJIOr, 060)l(aBaJIal.\ XHTJIepa:' MHpKO 1)opl)eBHh

"

,,3amTO ce y U;pKBH manyhe?"

BajcpoPA nOqHlDe:

JIajy:

Ba.

1, . {

40

TBPAIDOMAa je HHKOJIaj 6HO "fJIaBHH

BajcpopA HCTHqe Aa je nOBpaTaK HHKOJIajeBHx MOIlITHjy 1991. 3APY)l(HO Y JIeJIHhy H n03Hl.\Hjy H On03Hl.\Hjy, a Aa je HATO 60M6apAoBaIDe nOBehaJIO HHKOJIajeBY nonYJIapHocT. TpH rOAHHe nOCJIe HATO 60M6apAoBalDa, y COKO rpaAY je oTKpHBaH cnOMeHHK HHKOJIajy. Ty cy 6HJIH H naTpHjapx

(1999):

He60jIlIa

.D;pMHoApar 3e'leBJdi (2001): "EnJ1CKOn Cll[(, aKTHBHH npOTJ1BHJ1KHOll-a,

nejcTBa . M3BecHH nOCTMOAepHH cKojeBal.\ np03HBa HHKOJIaja Kao XHTJIepOBl.\a 360r "Hal.\HOHaJIH3Ma CBeTor CaBe': H TBPAH Aa je "MaJIO reHOl.\HAaH, MaJIO

CJ1MnaTH3ep'IeTHH'IKOr

llaBKoBHh,

H

"BeJIJ1MJ1pOBHhoCTaje jeAHa KapaKTepJ1CTH'IHa npOBJ1Hl.\J1jaJIHanoja-

na Hac BajcpoPA yqH Aa je TO 6HO cpeCTHBaJIaHTHeBpo-

nOKpeTa ,ll;pa)l(e MHXaJ1JIOBHhaH BpJIO6JIH3aK cpaIlIHCTHqKOMnOKpeTY 360p

Y3 AAoJIcpa". (30Be ce MBaH KY3MHHOBHh.) Ha TO ce HaAoBe3yje BajcpoPA,

,ll;HMHTpHja lhoTHha:'

H BeJIH: "OH je '35 rOAHHe Ha KOJIapl.\Y cnoMeHYo XHTJIepa y n03HTHBHOM

"fpyna

HHTeneKTyaJIal.\a"

"OnacHocT BHha."

(2002):

OA TpHjyMcpa $HJI030cpHje naJIaHKe HHKOJIaja BeJIHMHpO-

JOBaH BajcpoPA (2004): "TpHAeceTHx rOAHHa 20. BeKa BeJIHMHpOBHheBa HAeOJIOf}fja je 06e36eAHJIa 3HaqajaH H3BOp HHcnHpa~Hje 3a CHare cpnCKor cpaIlIH3Ma:'

KOHTeKcTYH lDerOBH 060)l(aBaTeJbH AaHac cy BHIlIe nYTa nOKYI1IaJIHAa ce Ha HeKH HaqHH orpaAe OATora H Aa Aajy pa3JIHqHTe HHTepnpeTal.\Hje IlITa je OH TO 3anpaBO )l(eJIeo Aa Ka)l(e:' ,ll;ecHMHp TOIlIHh je Y0'lHO Aa je HHKOJIaj caCBHM Y CKJIaAYca "KOH3epBaTHBHOM JIHHHjOM': Koja "nocTojH

Y BH6JIHjH H nocTojH KOA BeJIHKHXCBe-

Tal.\a Kao IlITO je CBeTH JOBaH 3JIaTOYCTH.OH je 6HO CTpalliHO aHTHjeBpejCKH. E, caAa, KaTOJIHqKa l.\pKBa, Koja HMa O'leBHAHO naMeTHHje JbYAe KaKO je BpJIO AOrMaTHqHa, TO HHje nOTpe6HO Aa nOABJIaqHMO, OHa je Ha MHOrHM nHTalDHMa YCTYKHYJIa': (llo TOIlIHhy, nHCl.\H BH6JIHje, 3JIaToycT H HHKOJIaj cnaAajy Y KOH3epBaTHBHO-fJIyny cTpyjy, jep "Ha MHorHM nHTaIDHMa': HHCY YCTYKHYJIH.)

1, }

42

43

I;

BnA,IJ;J1KA HJ1KOnAJ

J

J1 HAQJ1CTJ1

7~,,:'

it,

npOTeCTaHaTa,

naCTHpy HHMeJIepy

KOjH ce "xpa6po

60pHO 3a JIYTepaHCKY

qpKBY UpOUtUB HeMa"lKUX gUKUtaUtOpa" H 3aTO 3aTO'leH y JIorop.

OH je HH-

MeJIepa HCTHqao Kao npHMep xpa6pOCTH Cp6CKOM npaBOCJIaBHOM CBelliTeH-

CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l{H'IKH H XHTJIepOB~H

CTBY.113 6poja y 6poj, y ,,)I(H'IKOM 6JIarOBeCHHKY': 'IHjH je nOKpOBHTeJb 6HO HHKOJIaj, H3JIa3HJIH cy TeKCTOBH npOTHB allIH3Ma. lhy60MHp

I1BaH'IeBHh

fO,lvme 1935, Y CBOM rOBopy "HaqHoHaJIH3aM CBeTor CaBe': op;p)l(aHOM Ha KOJIapqy, CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l(H'IKH je HCTaKao p;a je HaqHoHaJIH3aM

je, YTeKCTY "Qe3ap

CBeTOr CaBe 6HO YHHBep3aJIHO xpHllIhaHcKH,

ca xpHllIhaHCTBOM. HeKH forOBHh je nHcao p;a "paCHO JIYP;HJIOH HaqHoHaJICO-

a HHKaKO "YCKH H mynH

HJIH XPHCTOC': nHcao p;a Kp03 allIH3aMBaCKpcaBa nara-

HH3aM, CBeT JYJIHja Qe3apa,

1lI0-

a He anOCTOJIa naBJIa, H p;a je allIH3aMHecnojHB

qHjaJIHCTH'IKH 6ec" HHCY caBe3HHqH XpHllIhaHa.

He Tpe6a 3a60paBHTH

H Ha TO p;a ce Y npBOM CBeTCKOM-paTY Cp6H Ha POHTOBHMaHHCY JIH6HJIH P;PY)I(elba ca ,,060jeHHMa': qpHqHMa H I1HP;YCHMa, KojHX cy ce IbHXOBH 6eJIH

HHKOJIajeBY 60p6y

npOTHB "TPH aBeTH eBponcKe

qHBHJIH3aqHje':

HH'Iea

op; KOjHX cy npBa p;BojHqa rJIaBHH HHcnHpaTopH

KOJIOHHjaJIHH rocnop;apH,

CTH'IKHX Hp;eja. MHXaHJIO KOHcTaHTHHoBHh, oTaq Pap;oMHpa, nHcqa ,,HJIOcoHjena-

BHHH3aM': nOp;ceTHo je Ha OHY Hapop;HY: "BoroM

6paTe, CYJbO QHraHHHe"

paHqY3H H EHrJIe3~, Tyl)HJIH H Koje cy rJIep;aJIH C

BHCHHe. TOM npHJIHKOM je HCTaKao p;a HajBeha 3aCJIyra 3a TaKaB OP;HOCnpeMa p;pyrHMa npHnap;a HaqHoHaJIHoj Cp6cKoj QPKBH, KOjy je OCHOBao CBeTH CaBa, H Koje Ha nanHCTH'IKO-npOTecTaHTcKoM

3anap;y

cycpeT C HHKOJIajeM y )l{H'IH, Kap;a je HHKOJIaj OlliTpO HCTynHO npotHB ~a je 6HO OP;JIyqHo, cKyna C naTpHjapxoM

llITO je pe'leHO

KOjH "npHnap;a

CBeTHTeJbY,

H HanHcaHO y 1935. rop;HHH pe'leHO je y nOXBaJIY CBeTora

CaBe - CBeTHTeJba, reHHja H xepoja,

HeMa y 'IHjy p;pyry nOXBaJIY. Jep H Tap;,

naCKaJI H XHTJIep nOCJIY)l(HJIH cy MH Kao npHMep Heycnexa y cpaBlbelbY ca cjajHHM ycnexoM CBeTora CaBe:' Te, 1935. rop;HHe, HHKOJIaj je P;06HO H OP;JIHKOBalbe op; XHTJIepa, 3a 06HOBY HeMa'lKOr BojHor rp06Jba paTa y BHTOJbY, jep 3a Cp6e

H3 npBor

MpTaB 'IOBeK BHllIe HHje HenpHjaTeJb.

MY je 360r Tora nOCJIao opp;eH 3a rpal)aHcKe

CBeTCKor XHTJIep

3aCJIyre. (I1JIH, MO)l(p;a HHje?

MO)l(p;a je TO opp;eH 3a capap;IbY npH nHcalbY "MajH KaMna"? Bajopp; he ra 3HaTH.) CBH npep;paTHH

naKTa, H p;a je nop;p)l(ao

TO HCTO, op; npOTeCTaHTCKor p;eJIa HeMa'lKe HaqHje,

aJIH je nHTalbe xohe JIH ycneTH, jep je TO nocao

HHKOJIajeBH

TeKCTOBH 6HJIH cy aHTHHaqHcTH'IKH.

Y anpHJIY 1939, HHKOJIaj je y CBOM TeKc:ry 0 TPH Pajxa aycTpHjcKo-npycKo-TaJIHjaHcKoM

(HanOJIeOHOBOM,

H XHTJIepOBoM) peKao p;a HM je cyp;6HHa

HCTa, H p;a ce cyp;6HHa OBor nocJIep;lber

BHP;H H3 cyp;6HHe npBa p;Ba - "YM 3a

!~.'

BpanqH

nyqHcTe

faBpHJIOM, npoTHB TpojHor

27. MapTa 1941. rop;HHe, 0 TOMe 3Hajy H

Ha rpaHH. qHM cy HeMqH YlliJIH y Cp6Hjy, HHKOJIaj je CTaBJbeH nop;

npHCMOTPY· Jep;aH H3BellITaj "Reichssicherheitshauptammt" He, nHllIe 0 npBOM npeTpecy p;ehe:

op; 22. Maja 1941. rop;H-

)l(H'Ie H npBOM CaCJIYIIIaBalbY HHKOJIaja CJIe-

"HHKOJIaj je THn JIYKaBor, 6pYTaJIHOr H Tynor

BaJIKaHqa,

KOjH je Kao

qpKBeHH nOJIHTH'Iap HajBa)I(HHjH. IherOB YTHqaj Mel)y Hapop;OM H Mel)y CBellITeHHqHMa, KOjH cy y BeJIHKoj BehHHH Ha lberoBoj CTpaHH, BeOMa je 3Ha'lajaH:' YCTalliKH "XpBaTCKH Hapop;" je 7. Maja 1941. 06jaBHo HHKOJIaj npep;CTaBJbeH Kao "qpHopYKaq"

TeKCT y KOMe je

H "eHrJIeCKH areHT':

HeMqHMa je 6HJIO BpJIO CTaJIO p;a HHKOJIaja npeBYKY Ha CBOjy cTpaHY. HOBeM6pa

1941. HaqHcTH'IKH OHqHp TajXMaH ra je y6el)HBao

"He Mp3e Cp6e"

(nocJIe KparyjeBqa

CBor llIea,XapoJIp;a TypHepa,

H KpaJbeBa!),

p;a HeMqH

aJIH je Mopao p;a 06aBecTH

p;a "HHKOJIaj jom Huje HauyciUuo CBOjHeupu-

jaUtelbCKu CUtaB upeMa HeMu,uMa". HHKOJIaj je H3 lhy60cTHlbe y BOjJIOBHqy op;Bep;eH 360r Be3a ca BOl)oM aHTHHaqHcTH'IKor nOKpeTa oTnopa, ~pa)l(OM MHXaHJIOBHheM, H 360r 0p;6Hjalba

MopeM, CMpT 3a BpaTOM': Y ,,)I(H'IKOM 6JIarOBecHHKY" (2/1939), HHKOJIaj op;roBapa p;a npaBOCJIaBHH He npHnap;ajy HH p;eMOKpaTcKoj, HH allIHCTH'I-

OCHOBY·

Koj OCOBHHH, Hero OCOBHHHop; "COJIYHa P;OBJIap;HBOCTOKa': TO jecT "nojacy npaBOCJIaBHHX Hapop;a': "P;YXOBHO-MOpaJIHoj OCOBHHHnOTpe6Hoj qeJIOM CBe-

eJIHKcy BeHqJIepy,

TY': BJIap;HKa je npaTHO H Cyp;6HHY HeMa'lKHX xpHllIhaHa Koje je XHTJIep roHHO, na je, npBH y Cp6HjH, nHcao 0 BOl)H aHTHHaqHcTH'IKH opHjeHTHcaHHX

,,6e'l-

Kor MOJIepa" XHTJIepa H BJIap;e CHJIe KOjy OH cnpoBop;H.

HHje nOllIJIO 3a PYKOM. Cap;allIlbH HeMa'lKH Bol)a' (HH HMe MY HHje nOMeHYTO)

reHHjy H xepojy': TOjecT 'IOBeKY KaKaB je 6HO CBeTH CaBa. Y CBOMnHCMY op; 20. e6pyapa 1946, ynyheHoM enHcKony ~HoHHCHjy, HHKOJIaj Ka)l(e: "CBe

HaqH-

JIaHKe': y CBOjHM p;HeBHH'IKHM 6eJIelliKaMa H3 jeceHH 1940. rop;HHe onHcyje

HeMa. JaH Xyc, BJIe3

naCKaJI H MapTHH JIYTep nOKYlliaBaJIH cy TaKBY qpKBY p;a oCHyjy, aJIH HM TO nOKYIIIaBa p;a HanpaBH

H MapKca,

HH

~apBHHa,

~HMHTpHje

p;a ca HeMqHMa

lhOTHh je, op; Maja p;o aBrycTa

nOCJIOBa KOP;BpxoBHor Ma lhOTHh npoTecTyje

npep;CTaBHHKY

HeMa'lKOr

capal)yje

no 6HJIO KOM

1941, ynYTHo TPH nHCMa MHHHcTapcTBa

CnOJbHHX

KOMaHp;aHTa HeMa'lKHX CHara y Cp6HjH.

Y nHCMH-

360r HHKOJIajeBor

CTaBJbalba nop; cTpa)l(Y H Moryh-

1, '~;:

44

j

"

H~CTH HHTepHaIJ;Hje, qHMe 6H ce "KOM)'HHCTHMa )J;anoMHOrO op}')Kja y pYKe': lhOTHh BenH)J;a je HHKonaj YBeK 6HO npOTHB HHTepHaIJ;HOHana, O)J;MaCOH-

..

45

~,

CHHO)J;O)J;nyqHo)J;anomaJbe faBpHnOBor CHHOBIJ;aL(ymaHa H neKapa L(pel\YHa )J;aHX noceTe (jep cy HeMl\H TO 06ehanH), peqeHO je )J;ace HnaK He 3Ha

CKe)J;OKOM)'HHCTHqKe, H )J;a6H 6HO nojanaH HeMIJ;HMa. AnH, HeMl\H cy 3Ha-

TaqHO r)J;ecy faBpHno H HHKonaj. MHTpononHT

nH npaBo HHKonajeBo

nOMorHe )J;ace OBa )J;BojHIJ;aBpaTe y oTaI,16HHY.O)J;Tora HHje 6Hno HHmTa.

pacnonmKelbe,

H lhOTHhy HHCY BepoBanH.

KacHHje cy HeMl\H nOKymaBanH )J;anpeKo l)eHepana He)J;Hha nOHY)J;e IIaTpHjapxy

faBpHny H Bna)J;HKHHHKonajy

BHl\H, ca3HBalbe apxHjepejcKor

H3na3aK H3 3aTOqelba y Bojno-

ca60pa H HopManH3al\Hjy

pa)J;a UpKBe, nO)J;

ycnoBoM )J;aocy.n;e KOM)'HHcTe. HHKonaj je peKao faBpHny )J;aOH Ha Taj ca60p He 6H Morao )J;OhHjep cy MY HeMaqKH BOjHHl\H n06HnH nona KpaJbeBa, no-

KaKO cy HeMIJ;H nocTynanH

CnaTpHjapxoM

JOCH je MonHO He)J;Hha)J;a faBpHnOM H Bna)J;HKOMHH-

KonajeM npHnHKOM O)J;Bol)elba 3a L(axay? EBO CBe)J;OqelbaH3 "MeMoapa

na-

TpHjapxa faBpHna": "L(OK caM 6HO y BojnoBHIJ;H y MaHaCTHpCKOM3aTBOpy, 3aje)J;HOca enHCKonOM )J;pHHKonajeM, r)J;ecy feCTanOBl\H BpmHnH CBOjy HeqOBeqHY ynory,

nanHnH fOplbH MHnaHOBal\, rOHHnH CBemTeHCTBO H MOHamTBO, pymHnH xpaMOBe H MaHaCTHpe, na 6H OH Ha ca60py Mopao npBO IbHX )J;a)l{Hrome.

r)J;eCMO060jHIJ;a 6HnH Kao P060BH, HHCMOMornH )J;apa3rOBapaMO. feHepan

HHKonaj MY je, y Be3H C OCy.n;OMKOM)'HHCTa, peKao: ,,/ .../ MH CMOH npOTHB

H npHnHKaMa y cpnCKOM HapO)J;Y.HeMl\H TO HHCY HHKaKO XTenH y nOqeTKY )J;a)J;03Bone. TeK Ka)J;cy IbHXOBH HeycnecH CBe BHme H BHme )J;OKa3HBanH)J;a

XHTnepoBHX 6e360)l{HHKa HCTOKao H npOTHB cOBjeTcKHx:' Yn030pHo je IIaTpHjapxa )J;aHe)J;Hha He 30Be "npe)J;ce)J;HHKOMBna)J;e':jep "MH HMaMO CBora neranHor npe)J;ce)J;HHKaBna)J;ey JIOH)J;OHY': Y BOjnoBHl\H je, no CBe)J;OqeIbYBacHnHja KocTHha (14. VII

1952), 0)J;-

He)J;Hh je 3Hao 3a TO. )l(eneo je )J;aHac noceTH H )J;aHac yn03Ha ca CTalbeM

paT H)J;eHa IbHXOBY mTeTY, OH)J;acy YTonHKO nonYCTHnH )J;acy )J;03BonHnH feHepany

He)J;Hhy )J;a)J;ol)e y MaHaCTHp BojnoBHIJ;y )J;aHac BH)J;H.OH je )J;O-

na3HO HeKonHKO nYTa. HamH pa3rOBopH 6HnH cy KOHTponHcaHH. V1cnpe)J;

HOCnpeMa 3aTOqeHHl\HMa 6HO nOHH)I{aBajyhH: "O)J; OBexpaHe H HaMHpHHIJ;a

c06e y KOjOj CMOpa3rOBapanH 6HnH cy reCTanOBIJ;H, HamH )J;p)l{aBJbaHHHe-

Koje cy cnaTe H3 oaHaTa CTpa)l{apH - HeMIJ;H - qeCTO cy BenHKH )J;eo3a)J;p)l{aBanH 3a ce6e, npaBHnH naKeTe H cnanH cBojHMa; qaK cy TaKBe naKeTe cnanH y HeMaqKY. HHKO HHje CMeo )J;aHM ce cynpoTcTaBH. L(emaBano ce )J;a cy CTpa)l{apH - HeMIJ;H - H3 jena HomeHor 3aOTOqeHHIJ;HMaBa)J;HnHMeco H

MaqKOr nopeKna, KojH cy )J;06po rOBopHnH Ham je3HK, Ma)J;acy TO y CBeMY

jenH ra, rOBopehH: HHCY OHH TY )J;ay)l{HBajy, Beh )J;ay 3aTBOpy HcnamTajy, TO cy HenpHjaTeJbH Tpeher pajxa. CTpa)l{apH cy Bpno rpy60 nocTynanH

npe-

CKpHBanH. Ja )l{enHM OB)J;e)J;aH3HeceM Ham nocne)J;IbH pa3rOBOp, KOMe je npHCYCTBOBao H enHCKon)J;p HHKonaj. TpY)J;Hhy ce)J;a ra npeHeceM y l\enHHH, OHaKOKaKO je TeKao. OBaj Ham CaCTaHaK, caonmTHnH

cy HaM reCTanOBIJ;H, Tpe6a )J;a6Y)J;e

nOqeTKOM aBrycTa 1944. rO)J;HHe.TaKo HCTO )J;ahe H enHcKon)J;p HHKonaj

Ma CBHMa, a HapOqHTO npeMa IIaTpHjapxy faBpHny H EnHcKony HHKonajy. 3aTo OHH HHCY HHKa)J;KopHcTHnH )J;03BOJbeHOBpeMe Ka)J;cy nona caTa 3a-

BenHMHpoBHh npHCYCTBOBaTHTOMe pa3rOBOpy. TaKo je H 6Hno. HeMl\H cy

TOqeHHl\H MornH meTaTH y 6amTH nope)J; KOHaKa:' V1npenHCKa HM je 6Hna 3a6palbeHa.

IIpe)J;BHl)eHor )J;aHa)J;omao je feHepan He)J;Hh. oHno je OKO 16 qaCOBa nocne

ECeCOBal\ TajXMaH je CBOjOj 6epnHHcKoj l\eHTpanH 8. cemeM6pa rO)J;HHenHcao)J;a je IIaTpHjapx

faBpHno "aHrnoqmn

1943.

H HMa )J;06pe Be3e ca aH-

rnHKaHCKHM BHCOKHMKnepoM': a )J;aje HHKonaj "aHrnoqmncKH

HacTpojeH

H gaje iloUtilopy CpilCKOMOUtilopy ilpOUtU8 HeMa"lKe", Kao H )J;aje o)J;p)l{aBaO Be3e ca Haop}')KaHHM rpynaMa (OqHTO, l)eHepana L(pa)l{e). IlpHnHKoM

cnpoBol)elba

faBpHna H HHKonaja 3a L(axay, IIaTpHjapx

fa-

npHxBaTHnH Mon6y feHepana He)J;Hha )J;aHac BH)J;HH pa3rOBapa ca HaMa. nO)J;He,Ka)J;aCMOra ja H enHCKon OqeKHBanH. Ymao je y Hamy c06y y IJ;HBHnHOM o)J;eny. OHO je 036HJbHOr H3rne)J;a H lberOBO nHl\e nOKa3HBano je 3aMOpeHocT H qOBeKa KOjH je HeHcnaBaH. AnH lberOBa yrnal)eHocT

H nOHamalbe

6HnH cy YBeK Ha CBOMeMecTY. Y pYKaMa je HMao IJ;pHYTamHY ... IIomTo

CMO ce n03)J;paBHnH H 3aY3enH MeCTa, nOqenH CMOpa3roBop.

Ham cycpeT nHqHO je Ha cyoqelbe TPH 3ap06JbeHHKa: )J;BojHl\e nHmeHHX cno60)J;e,tBojHX BepHHx H CBora Hapo)J;a, H feHepana He)J;Hha KOjH je 6HO y He-

BpHno je npoTecTBoBao jep ce npeMa lbeMY HeqOBeqHO nocTyna, H jep, HaKO

mTO 60JbeM nono)l{ajy, H TO caMO y norne)J;y KpeTalba. Y CTBapH, H OHje 6HO

je 60necTaH, HeMl\H )J;BaMecel\a HHCY )J;03BonHnH )J;ara nperne)J;a neKap. Hal\HcTHqKH OHIJ;HP je peKao )J;ahe CBe)l{an6e MohH )J;aH3jaBH cYTpa)J;aH, y OeqKepeKY, npe)J; BHmHM OHl\HPOM.

3ap06JbeHHK, Kao mTO je 6HO H l\eo Hapo)J;CpncKH ..• / .../ Pa36Hjalbe je)J;HHcTBa cpncKor

Hapo)J;a Tpe6a cMaTpaTH Kao HajBehe

3no ... peKao caM Ta)J;a.IIpeMa TOMe, 6y.n;yhH Ham 3a)J;aTaKcacTojH ce caMO y

Y nHcMY Koje je MHTpononHT CKonCKHJOCH, y HMe CHHo)J;aCIIU, yny_

OBOMcnaCOHOCHOMpemelbY, )J;ace H)J;enpaBHM nYTeM H )J;ace He oKpehe HH

THO He)J;Hhy, BH)J;Hce )J;acy HeMl\H CHHO)J;06aBeCTHnH KaKO cy apXHjepejH

neBO HH )J;eCHO,HHTH naK pa3MHmJbaTH 0 OHOMemTO je )J;Oca)J;pl)aBo 6Hno

faBpHno

H mTO je pa3apano je)J;HHCTBOH cHary cpnCKor Hapo)J;a.To je 6am OHOmTO je

H HHKonaj

O)J;Be)J;eHH y BHHepBan)J; Kpaj oeqa. Mel)YTHM, Ka)J;je

46 HajrroTpe6HJ1je

3a HaIIl OrrCTaHaK. Jep, aKO 6J1 ce pa36J1no

OH.n;aje 6e3 CYMlbe lberOBa

cpehy

po.n;OJby6J1BO cPQe KyQano

J1.n;06po. Ja ra rrorne.n;ax.

ce .n;H)I(e, rrpHl)e 'BaIIla

rrYT H .n;pyrora haMo:

je YBeK 3a cprrCKH Hapo.n;, lberOBY

EHO je TO Y36y.n;JbHB H .n;HpJbJ1B MOMeHaT. OH

HeMa. BJ1 CTe Ka3anH

To je je.n;HHo CprrCKJ1

CBe OHO IIITO MJ1 Cp6J1 )l(enHMO

H oce-

He.n;Hh je 6HO TaKol)e

BaIIloj

J1MrrpeCJ10HHpaH,

anH ce .n;p)l(ao qBPCTO. 0 cpn-

CMaTpaM

CBeTocTH

H BaIIleM

TIpeocBeIIlTeHCTBY

.n;aHaM Y OBOM TpeHYTKY

nJ1 6J1 .n;ace ca OBJ1M carnace: Tocno.n;J1He

feHepane,

Ha BaIIlJ1M peqJ1-

je.n;J1HOOBO Tpe6a,

XBana BaM IIITO CTe npaBHnHO cnacelba,

OQeHJ1nJ1 OHO IIITO

IheroBa

CBeTocT

je TO J13nO)l(J10 Ha je.n;aH HaqJ1H, no KOMe He MO)l(e 6J1TJ1 HJ1KaKBe .n;J1CKYCJ1je.

cnory J1je.n;HHCTBO:

3a HaIIlY

MeHH

CBeTOCTJ1, BH CTe peKnJ1 IIITO je 3a MeHe HajnoTpe6HHje je TaKol)e

Ibe ... HapOqHTO

.n;paro IIITO J1 BaIIle

Y KOM npaBQY,

BaM 3aXBaJbyjeM

Ha caBeTHMa

HeKOnJ1KO .n;aHa, caonIIlTeHO

.n;enJ1 OBO MH-

IIITa CBe Tpe6a

OHH

je .n;J1BHOjYTpO.

cY J1ManH .n;Y)I(HOCT .n;a Hac HeKY.n; cnpOBe.n;y. r.n;e CMO CJ1II1nJ1C KaMHOHa.

J1YMOPHH o.n; BO)l(lbe Y KaMHOHY. HeMaQ

HO CTalbe OBHM je 6Hno caM enJ1CKony

noropIIlaHO.

HHKonajy,

npOTJ1BY OBaKBor

je npOY3pOKOBana

noropIIlalbe

TaKo

20

CMO

060jHQa

CMO

je 6HO IIIoq,ep

KOjJ1

3.n;paBCTBe-

l.JJ1M CMO CTJ1rnJ1 Y BenJ1KJ1 EeQKepeK,

nOIIlTO nocTynKa HaIIler

OKO

OB.n;e CMO QeKa-

Ey.n;HMneIIlTe.

Y TIeIIlTH

ca KaMJ10HJ1Ma, Koja

HOHaKO cna60r

anJ1 HaM je cna60

Morao

HaCTaBJ1nJ1 CMO BO)l(IbY .n;o TIeIIlTe,

IIITa yqJ1-

rna.n;HJ1, )l(e.n;HJ1

cy Hac TpnanJ1 y )l(eJbe3HJ1QKe q,yproHe noropa

HanYCTJ10, a OCTana je caMO reCTanOBaQKa

J1no.n; TaKBHM

)J;axay. JIeKap npaTlba.

MH

Hac je y TIeIIlTJ1

CMO 060jJ1Qa

6HnJ1

o.n; nYTa .n;a'IJ1CMO 6J1nJ1 HJ1 3a IIITa. HeMQJ1 HJ1CY 0 TOMe

Bo.n;J1nJ1paQYHa, Hero

cy Hac no .n;onaCKY CTpnanJ1 y 3nornaCHe

HeMQJ1 o.n; naTpHjapxa

3.n;paBJba. HeMQH

HaM cy

faBpJ1na

KIbJ13J1 "KpaTaK

q,J1jy Bna.n;J1Ke HJ1KOnaja" Cp6CKJ1 apxJ1jepejH KH6ne.

6apaKe,

r.n;e

peKao

(BecT

HH.n;J1jaHa

KJ16ne cy HOCJ1nJ1 Ha 06paMJ1QJ1.

HHKonajy:

nHTao:

Ka)l(lbeHJ1?"

ce .n;J1BJ1BaIIleM

npJ1Qa KaKO cy

J13HOCe H npocJ1najy je QeCTO nocp-

6J10 jaQJ1. Je.n;HoM J1X je je.n;aH

BaM je?': Ha IIITa je naTpJ1japx

"Ka)l(J1 MY: na 3ap cnenaQ

OrOpQeHO

He BJ1.n;J1.n;a cy nponanJ1

3HajyhH

HJ1KOnaj je eceCOBQY TO "npeBeo"

naTpHjapx

1977)

Bna.n;HKa HJ1KOnaj

faBpHno

"KaKo

nOHJ1)1(elbJ1Ma.

OCBpT Ha )l(J1BOTHJ1 nYT J1 q,J1nOCo-

JIaq,ajeT,

.n;OKje naTpJ1japx

He o.n;YCTajy HH

6J1nJ1 no.n;BpraBaHJ1

MOpanJ1 .n;a, no .n;onacKY y norop,

Tao no.n; TepeToM,

cTaje,

J1 Bna.n;HKe HJ1KOnaja

o.n;Bol)elba y )J;axay, r.n;e cy 060jHQa

)J;p CTaHJ1II1J1h, y cBojoj

J1.n;ahe

.n;a TO MO)l(e npecKyno

OBaKO: "IherOBa

.n;a J1X

CBeTOCT CpnCKJ1

pa.n;y H OpraHJ13aQJ1jJ1; OB.n;eHaM je .n;OCTa.n;06po,

anH Bac MOnJ1, nOIIlTO CMO MJ1 BepCKH npe.n;CTaBHJ1QJ1, J1CTapH Jby.n;J1,.n;aHac EceCOBQY ce o.n;roBop

CBJ1.n;J1, H cp6CKe Bna.n;J1Ke o.n;

Ta.n;a HJ1CY J13HOCHne KH6ne. MJ1Tap I,IaKoBHh, H Bna.n;HKa y noropy

pol)aK jenH

naTpJ1japxa

"Qop6y

3eMJbe': J1.n;acy, Ha 06paMHQH,

o.n; pene

faBpHna,

cBe.n;OQJ1.n;acy naTpHjapx

Koja je MJ1pJ1Cana H HMana

EopaBaK

KOHTpona

feCTanoa

ceM Mano MnaKe Bo.n;e y paHJ1M jYTaplbHM

o.n;nyqHo

1.../

IIIeCT

XOTen KOjJ1

QacoBHMa.I

.. ./

y QJ1BHny 6J1na je CTanHa J1.n;albY H Hohi'

I,IaKOBJ1h nJ1II1e J10 HeMaQKHM KOM6HHaQJ1jaMa, Konaj

TeK nocne

y EeQy HJ1je 6J10 HJ1II1Ta 60JbJ1: ,,)J;06J1nH CMO

HJ1je J1MaO rpejalba,

YKYC

y cBoje c06e HOCJ1nJ1J1BO.n;y. Je.n;HoM je HJ1KO-

naj nao J1 nOBpe.n;Ho KoneHO. JIeKap je .n;oIIlao .n;a ra npeBHje caTH.

rOBOpJ1 .n;06po HeMaQKJ1, .n;a nJ1QHO BO)l(lbe

cBoje 3.n;paB-

nJ1paMJ1.n;OHa H aCnJ1pJ1Ha, KaKO 6J1 HaM YMHpJ10

ycnOBJ1Ma .n;OIIlnH CMO .n;o 3nornaCHor

)J;oIIlnJ1

Y npaTIbJ1

je B03HO TaKBOM 6p3J1HOM .n;aCMO ce QenJ1M nYTeM TpeCnJ1. HaIIle

npoTecTyje

60nOBe. Ca OBJ1M neKapOM

nOIIlTe.n;HTe OBora nocna:'

HHTepeca:

HaM je .n;ace CnpeMJ1MO 3a nYT, a

nJ1 Ha B03 KojJ1 je HMao .n;a Hac 0.n;Be3e Y npaBQY 60neCHH

.n;a QJ1HJ1MO,

Hapo.n;a HlberOBJ1X

HHCY XTenH .n;a HaM Ka)l(Y. OCBaHyno

CTJ1rnH .n;o BenJ1KOr EeQKepeKa,

peKao

J1HajBa-

...

cy KaMJ10HH H Y je.n;aH CMO ymnJ1 ja J1 EnJ1CKOn HHKonaj recTanoBaQa.

Hac je .n;06po pa3YMeo,

HHTJ1. )J;ao HaM je HeKonHKO

3a OBO 6J1TJ1 npaBe.n;Ho

TIpeocBeIIlTeHCTBO

je.n;HJ1 .n;pyre, Y 0.n;6paHH HaIIler

( ... ) TIocne

OH Hac je nJ1TaO IIITa HaM q,anJ1. MJ1 CMO MY 06jaCHJ1nH

eceCOBCKJ1 nYKoBHHK

Kao je.n;J1HOcnaCOHOCHO 3a .n;aJbHTOK HaIIle 3aje.n;HHqKe cpnCKe capa.n;-

nOMa)l(yhJ1

6HnH

Ha

He.n;J1h o.n;rOBopH:

)l(HJ1je H pa.n;J1 qera caM .n;oIIlao .n;a ca BaMa pa3rOBapaM

IIIJbelbe,

HaIIlao.

CTBeHO CTalbe, a HapOQJ1TO nocne.n;J1Qe BO)l(lbe KaMJ10HOM Kojy je 6J1no TeIIlKO

nocne

Koje ce cacTOjH Y 6paTCKOMe J13MJ1-

Y lbeMY je CBe peqeHO IIITO je HajnoTpe6HJ1je

.n;a

.n;p)l(aBJbaHJ1H. YBenJ1 cy Hac y QeKaOHJ1QY Ha CTaHJ1QJ1 r.n;e Hac je oBaj neKap

J1CBJ1.n;pyrJ1 J1Ma-

J1 3aje.n;HJ1qKoj 0.n;6paHJ1 HaIIlJ1X CpnCKJ1X J1HTepeca.

anJ1 cy J1naK rrpe.n;Y3enH

KojJ1 je 6J10 no Hapo.n;HoCTJ1 Pyc, anH je 6J10 HaIIl

je )l(J1BOT 6J10 HeMoryh:'

3aTJ1M Y3e peq enJ1CKOn HHKonaj:

HaM npe.n;CTojH Ha nYTY HaIIlera

'BaIIla

J1 HJ1CY HJ1II1Ta o.n;rOBapanH,

TOnJ1KO H3HypeHH

Ma, Koje cY Ha Moje cPQe J1.n;ymy .n;enoBane Kao MeneM Ha paHY ...

OBO, reHepan

Ha CBe TO ryHl)anJ1

J1H3HypeHJ1.

EJ10 je OqJ1TO 3a.n;OBOJbaH ca MojJ1M MJ1II1JbelbeM H errJ1CKOna HHKonaja

pelbY

",

J13.n;p)l(aTH. JIeKap

Bac rOBOpJ1 CBeTJ1 CaBa.

CKOM nYTY, na o.n;roBOpJ1: 'XBana

l'

HaM .n;OBe.n;yje.n;Hor neKapa,

MH PYQJ1 H peqe:

CBeTOCTJ1, Kp03

feHepan

HeMJ1HOBHa ...

je 6J10 He06J1qHO pa.n;OCTaH. Y lberOBJ1M OqJ1Ma 6Hne

ErrJ1CKOrr HHKonaj cy CY3e. IherOBO

rrporraCT

cprrCKO je.n;HHCTBO,

47

0.n;6J1nJ1:

Koje cy faBpJ1nO J1 HJ1-

49

48 "llpe

]\Ol1aCKay Beq, naTpHjapxa faBpHl1a H enHCKOna HHKol1aja HeM~H

06pa3yje Bl1a]\y. EnHCKon HHKol1aj je 6HO npOTHBaH roplboj

nOHY]\H, al1H je

cy npeMeCTHl1H H3 ,[(axaya, jy>KHO 0]\ MHHxeHa 70 KM H CMeCTHl1HHX y je]\HY

o CBeMYO]\Max 06aBeCTHO naTpHjapxa faBpHl1a, KOjH MY je O]\rOBOpHO ]\a OH

rocTHoHH~y, y MecTY IlIl1Hp3e, Ha je]\HOM je3epy, r]\e cy ce Mal10 onopaBHl1H. llOHOBO cy HX BpaTHl1H y Beq ...

Ka]\a MY TO HYAe HaWH HenpHjaTelbH, KojH cy Hac ynponaCTHlIH

CTalbe IbHXOBor 3]\paBlba 6HijO je OqajHo. BHl1H cy 060jH~a C THM WTO ce enHCKon HHKol1aj ]\p)l(ao 60lbe. BHl1H cy 060jH~a

OPOHYl1H, 3aMopeHH

H TY)l(Hor H3rJIe]\a HHCY 6Hl1H HH Cl1HKa0]\ OHe KaKO cy H3rl1e]\al1H YOqH paTa 1941. rO]\HHe . ,[(06Hl1H CMO(y Beqy) XOTel1KOjH HHje HMao rpejalba, BO]\e y paHHM jYTaplbHM qaCOBHMa. llaTpHjapx

ceM Mal10 Ml1aKe

faBpHl10 ]\06HO je c06y, ca

lIHqHO 3Ha WTa Tpe6a ]\a pa]\H H ]\a MY caBeTH HHCY nOTpe6HH. llorOTOBY H paT Beh

H3ry6Hl1H. EnHCKon HHKOlIaj je TO nOHOBHOHeM~HMa. YCl1e]\ 60M6ap]\OBaIba, npHl1HKe y Beqy 6Hl1e cy TeWKe H OqajHe. XOTel1 y KOMe CMO6HlIH 6HO je nOlIa YHHWTeH. BHlIO je MHoro )l(pTaBa. Mopal1H CMO]\a MelbaMO xOTel1. llOWTO cy cOBjeTcKe Tpyne 6Hl1e Ha ]\OMaKY Beqa, TOcy HeM~H y nOCl1e]\lbeM MOMeHTYpewHl1H ]\a eBaKYWwy llaTpHjapxa

H EnHcKona HHKol1aja. To

je 6HlIO 31. MapTa 1945. rO]\HHe. Ha nYT CMOnOWl1H HeWTO OKO 20 qaCOBa.

je]\HHM KpeBeToM, y Kojoj je 6H110H je]\HO KaHa6e, Ha KOMe caM ja cnaBao ...

Ca IbHMa caM 6HO y je]\HHM Mal1HM KOl1HMa.HeMaqKa npaTlba cacTojal1a ce

EnHcKon HHKol1aj je (]\06HO) HMao je]\HY Mal1Y c06y. KOHTpol1a fecTa-

0]\ Majopa tJepHHja, Bel1HKor XHTl1epoBor npHCTal1H~e. OH je 6HO rJIaBHH

noa, y ~HBHl1Y, 6Hl1a je CTal1Ha - H ]\albY H Hohy. KOHTpol1a npH Yl1a3Y 6Hl1a

KOjH je y cBeMY 6HO Ha]\l1e)l(aH 3a Hawe nYToBalbe. 3aTHM je]\aH KaneTaH fe-

je Bp110 cTpora, KO]\ CBHX Cp6a KojH cy Tpa)l(Hl1H noceTY KO]\ naTpHjapxa faBpHl1a H enHCKona HHKol1aja.

CTanoa H KaMHOH ca 20 Haopy>KaHHx BOjHHX l1H~a. Y jYTaplbHM qaCOBHMa

llpBa noceTa IbHMa 6Hl1a je 0]\ reHepal1a MHl1aHa He]\Hha H ,[(HMHTpHja

CTHrJIH CMOY Kl1areHKyje y 60p6H npOTHB KOM}'HHCTa. Ycneo je caMO ~a y6JIa>KH HeMaqKY 0~Ma3~y "CTO 3a je~Hor": no Hape~6H re-

COHOCHa· ... CTaJIHO 6eCMO Ha KpCT pa3aneTH. a MH He KJIOHYCMOO~ Tora ~a HaM He 6H 'CTpax 0)1;CMpTH 06pa3 OKaJbao·." liTO je Ba>KHJIO3a MHTpOnOJIHTa JocH<pa. Ba>KHJIOje H 3a naTpHjapxa faBpHJIa H CB. HHKOJIaja )l(HqKor. OKaJbao.

HH IbHMa CTpax O~ CMpTH HHje 06pa3

anapaT. >KaH~apMepHjy H ~06pOBOJbaqKe o~pe~e. Tpa>KHO je OTBapalbe 6eYHHBep3HTeTa. npeCTaHaK Ha~30pa Ha~ Cp6CKOM KymypOM Ha clI060~y

naTpHjapxa

faBpHlIa H BlIa~HKe HHKolIaja.

H

QHJb MY

Hepalla eJI6epa.22. ~e4eM6pa 1943. "KBOTe 3a 0~Ma3~y HHCY o~pel)eHe': Y cBeMY OCTaJIOMXHTlIep MY ce cynpoTcTaBHO. peKaBWH: "MH HHKa~ He CMeMO ~03BOJIHTH ~a Ha EaJIKaHY je~aH Hapo~ nOCTaHe CYBHwe MohaH. Hapo~ KojH HMa ocehaj nOlIHTHqKe MHcHje H HCTopHjcKe ynore. YnpaBO Cp6H cy Taj Hapo~. OHH cy ~OKa3alIH ~a HMajy BeJIHKY~p>KaBOTBopHY cHary. a H BelIHKe. aM6HIlH03He IlHJbeBe KOjH qaK H~y ~O ErejcKor Mopa. MMaM 036HJbHe npH-

Brra1J;HKaHHKorraj H XepMaH

Hoj6axep

Me~6e Ha TO ~a TaKaB Hapo~ y IbHXOBHM HacTojalbHMa H aM6HIlHjaMa ja jow noce6HO oxpa6pHM H nO~p>KHM:' CycpeT XHTlIepa H He~Hha y jeceH 1943.

XepMaH Hoj6axep

je 6HO cneIlHjaJIHH H3aCJIaHHK A~oJI<pa XHTJIepa 3a

EaJIKaH: nOqeB O~ HcnopYKe PYM}'HCKe HaKHOrKHhe,Kao H .n;oca.n;a,CBeTocaBCKHM nYTeM, a BpeMeHoM - OCTane KOM6HHa~Hje. L{e.n;a- l..{HqH!" To 3Ha-

TaO. Haje.n;aHnYT O.n;BOjHnyny O.n;ycaHa H, .n;OKMY je H3 OqHjy H36Hjana .n;y60-

qH .n;acy HHKonajy HeM~H HY~HnH cn060.n;y no~ o.n;pel)eHHM ycnoBHMa, anH

Ka CeTa, H3rOBOpH: 'CaMO .n;aHaM ra nor CaqYBa, .n;anpe:>KHBHoBaj CTpalllHH paT, jep CMOMHoro OCHpOTenH:

OH TO HHje npHXBaTao (ycnoBH cy CBaKaKO no~pa3YMeBanH H3BeCTaH BH.n;

OH, L{pa:>KaMHxaHnOBHh, He peqe HH.n;a CTe, HHTH.n;a HHCTe BH HanHcanH roplbY neCMY, KOjy caM BepOBaTHO HeBepHO penpo.n;YKOBao, jep caM

Kona60pa~Hje).

A 3. jaHyapa 1943.l)eHepan

L{pa:>KanpeKo Kana6HheBor

je .n;O~HHje 3a6ene:>KHO,anH H3 .n;y6HHe cBoje nneMeHHTe H BHTelliKe .n;Yllle

npHjaTeJba, H nopyqyje:

ynYTH MonHTBY nory '.n;aBac CaqYBa jep CMOMHoro oCHpoTenH'. Y Jby.n;HMa, pa3YMe ce:'

TpajaTH nO:>KjoMnOMohH:' l..{eTHH~H cy nnaHHpanH ocn06al)albe

Vi 3aHCTa, o.n;caMHX nOqeTaKa paTa O.n;HOCl)eHepana MHxaHnoBHha

H

KY-

pHpa n03.n;paBJbaHHKonaja, 06aBeiliTaBa ra 0 TOMe.n;aViTanHjaHH H .n;aJbe.n;p:>Key ponCTBY Bna.n;HKY.n;anMaTHHCKorVipHHeja (1)opl)eBHha), HHKonajeBor "L{P:>KHMOTaqHO CBOj nYT H Ha TOM nYTY heMo HC-

faBpHna H CB. HHKonaja CpncKor

naTpHjapxa

H3 BojnoBH~e H 1943. ro.n;HHe. OBH cy Ha

TO 6HnH npHCTanH, anH o.n;nnaHa, 360r HeMaqKHX Mepa qYBalba 3aTOqeHHKa,

Bna.n;HKeHHKonaja 6HO je CHHOBCKO-OqHHCKH.HHKonaj je ycneBao .n;anOllla-

HHje 6Hno HHIliTa.

JbenOHeKY nopYKY L{Pa:>KH,a L{pa:>Kaje nOKYIIIaBao .n;ara ocn060.n;H HeMaqKOr poncTBa H cTapao ce .n;anocnYIIIa caBeTe 3aTOqeHOr :>KHqKOrenHCKona.

TeKCT ,,0 jYHalllTBY". Y Ky.n;aHapo.n;He H3na:>KeCypOBHM Ha~HCTHqKHM penpecanHjaMa.

llHcao

Jyna 1944, y qeTHHqKOM nHcTY "IIIYMa.n;Hja", nojaBHo nocnao 6narocnoB

ce HHKonajeB

L{pa:>KH,"BenHKOM BOjBO.n;HH jYHaKY HallleM': YKa3yjyhH

MY je .n;aHaM 3eMJba Hehe KOpHCTHTH aKO ce HCTpe6H Hapo.n;. Yn030pHO je

.n;aje 3eMaJbCKaCp6Hja ManeHa, a He6ecKa CBeBeha H Beha, .n;acy jaqH MPTBH o.n;:>KHBHX,~a ce BO.n;HBenHKa 6HTKa XpHcTa npoTHB aHTHxpHcTa. Yn030pa-

L{pa:>KY.n;ace qYBa OCTpalllheHor napTHjalliTBa

Bao ra je ~a H.n;eCBeTHM nYTeM, .n;ace nor He ncyje, .n;a6y.n;e"CBeTa BojcKa"

H .n;aMY Y30P 6y.n;e"naTpHOT-

CKa nOCHa': y KOjOj cy ce Cp6H, Kao je.n;aH, oKynHnH OKO3aje.n;HHqKe60p6e

H "CBeTH nYT':

npOTHB YCTalllKHX HCTpe6HTeJba. Ty je HHKonaj L{pa:>KHYKa3ao H Ha CTpaTerHjy: "Yje.n;HHHMO OBO Mano CBe:>KHXHapo.n;HHX CHara, He.n;a ce C HeKHM

OHanHe CHare no.n; BOI)CTBOML{pa:>KHHHXoKHBOTY.n;o60JbHX .n;aHaH 3a 60Jbe .n;aHe:'KaKO Ka:>KeCBelllTeHHK

l)eHepan L{pa:>KaKa:>Ke:"AKO H3ByqeTe naTpHjapxa (faBpHna L{o:>KHha)H enH-

BenH60p I,IOMHh y CBOMTeKCTY"llpHn03H

3a 6HorpaKaje Beh 20 . .n;e~eM6pa 1942. ro.n;HHe,o.n;cTpaHe KOMaH.n;aHTaCp6Hje, l)eHepana MHpocnaBa TpHKeHaMa, qaK JII Ka,Z:\a ce 0 fbJlIMa rOBOpJlIlIO. Je,Z:\HOM MJII je O,l:\rOBOpJlIO 036J1IlbHO JII KpaTKO:

JII ,Z:\pyr ca lbOTJlIheM. Kpajfba

Y3,Z:\p:>KJbJlIBOCT

KeHCKOM ClIa60IUhy, JlI3BeCHY Kypa:>K 360r

MoryhJlIX

JlICMeBafba

JlIlIJIIce HJlIje, JII oH,Z:\a ce cTaje

IIpe,Z:\paTHJII lIeBJlIqap

OH lboTJlIha

JII CBOjOM caBeIUhy. AlIJII, Kao

qOBeKa.

nOClIe,l:\fbJII nOKymaj

y KfbJlI3JII ycnoMeHa

IheroBa

~"

MJlICTJ1Ke;Koja

peKlIJII,

je 6J1IlIa ,Z:\y-

OHa je CBa 6J1IlIa

He ,Z:\aje JlIcnpaBHY

Y TJ1M npoTJlIBypeqHOCTJlIMa

y capa,Z:\fbY ca oKynaropoM

ce MO:>Ke,Z:\O:>KJlIBeTJII Kao

0,Z:\6paHe je,Z:\Hor CBeT3:KojJII ce pymJlI.

To ra, HapaBHO,

KpJlITJlIqape

O,Z:\J1cropJlIOcoKaBJII':qJlIfbeHJ1IJ;a ,Z:\o.aheM

036J1IlbHOCTJ1. Tpe6a

pa3YMeTJII

Hor, a He n03epa

He,

HJ1 tperoite

Tpare,Z:\t1:jy MO-

KOjJII je XTeo ,Z:\ace 6aBJII nOllJlITJlIKOM y KopYMnJlIpaHoj KpalbeBJ1He,

npJII qeMY je TBp,Z:\JlIO,Z:\a"nOllJlITJlIKa Hero

je ,Z:\acy lbOTJlIheBe

CTpaIUHa

JII CBeTa

JlICrpa:>KJ1Baqa, JII K6a HapO,l:\y JII

JII,Z:\ejeJII CTaB YMHorOMe

,Z:\yxy. Cp6JII cy, lIJ1ICTOM, 6J1IlIJIIY3 paBHoropCTBO.

je,Z:\Hor 6y,Z:\yher

TparaTJII

"XJ1TlIepOBIJ;a':

0,1:\JlICTOpJ1jcKe O,Z:\fOBOpHOCTJ1. AnJlI, TO He aMHeCTJ1pa

qJlICTOr qOBeKa

OCHOBY 3a

Tpe6a

aMHeCTJlIpa

pallHO

"lbY,Z:\JII,

:>KJlIBJII y cKlIa,Z:\y ca XPJlI-

pellJlIrJlI03HOCT

IUTO CMO Beh

a He ocy1)JlIBaTJII ra Kao HaBO~HOr Ylla3aK

JII oH,Z:\a

JII oCTaje .. :'

He BOllJlI, allJII JlICTJlIHY He npehYTKyje.

,Z:\YXOMpJlIMOKaTOllJlIqKe

JIIfberOB

nYTa,

C MlIa,Z:\JlIMKOMYHJlICTJlIMa ,Z:\eJIJlIOnoclIe,Z:\-

je 6J1Io qOBeK KOjJII je HacTojaO,l:\a

J13rpa,Z:\fbY YHYTpaIUfber

CKOJlIMaTJII

MaHJIIKJlIMajyha.

OCeHqeHa

je HenpeCTaHO

cpe,Z:\JlIHJIIYBeK CMaTpaHa

MY je O,l:\rOBOpJlIO: "J1l1JII ce je n060:>KaH,

,Uparolby6

lbY,Z:\JII"nJlIIUe,Z:\a je lbOTJlIh

60Ka

no,Z:\pe1)JlIBafbe

CMellOCT ,Z:\aqJlITa anOCTOll

Koja npaTe

ce JII,Z:\e,Z:\OKpaja,

HaYKoM

fberOBO

JlICKa3aO

JII3a KOjy CTOJlIMJlIpOBJlIh BellJII ,Z:\aqOBeK Mopa

JOBaHOBJlIh

,UaKlIe, lbOTJlIh

CTO-

JII TOMY AKBJlIHCKOr,

Te ,Z:\Y:>KHOCTJII .. :'. JOBaHOBJlIh Koja je y HaIUoj

pellJlIrJlI03HOCTJII.

fbJII KOMa,Z:\XlIe6a.

je TOM

Bepy, jep je OHa He-

JlICTOBpeMeHo,

KlIepJlIKallJlI3aM,

3a neBHJlIIJ;OM, fberOBa

n060:>KHOCT,

JOBa-

JOBaHOBJlIh

To je n060:>KHOCT!"

,Z:\aJIIOH IJ;eHJII lboTJlIheBY

Ka,Z:\ce HJlIKO ,Z:\pyrJII He npJlIXBaTa XBallJlIO lbOTJlIheBY

IUhaHcKoM

ca ClI060,Z:\aHOM

epY,Z:\JlIIJ;JlIjy0,z:\ MHOfJIIX enJlICKOna;

je ,Z:\aMY KO,l:\lbOTJlIha

- CTO-

"MJII YOCTallOM JlIMaMO je,Z:\HY3aje,Z:\HJlIq-

peKao

JlIMajyhJII qaK Behy

JOBaHOBJlIh

ClI060,Z:\aH

3a Tor qOBeKa.

JlIMJlIpOBJlIh je JOBaHoBJlIhy

611aTO y KOMe ce npaCIJ;JII Balbajy,

Y MeHJII je CTallHO 6Y,Z:\JlIlIa pa,Z:\03HallOCT npeMa

,Z:\aypa,Z:\JlIIU. To je 6J1IlIO W3BaH

II03HaTJII

npJlIlIJlIKOM peKao,Z:\a n03Haje

qaK

,Z:\aTJII TO HJlICJIIXTeo

paTa.

JlIMJlIpOBJlIh, nOKpeTaq

3a lbOTJlIheM,

OH MJIIje cnYCTJlIO PYKY Ha palde: - Ja 3HaM,

CBeTCKor

HOBJlIheM

y,Z:\apJlIo je

JIIy,l:IapJlIo JIe1)JlIMa Y 3J1I,Z:\.llITa

nOCTaBJlITJII caMO KO,Z:\OHe :>KeHe ca KojOM ce

TaKo je 6J1IlIO Ha COllYHCKOM ror

ra je CTJII,Z:\

CTaBJlIO PYKY Ha YCTa, IUTO je KpaKOB

neCHJlIIJ;OM JIIoBaj ce TeIUKO 3aTeTypao

OH je nOIUao

IUTO caM

joIU BJlIIUe pa3,Z:\pa:>KJlIlIO, na je nocTajao

,Z:\OqeKaO ,Z:\ace e H 3a )l(PTBY 1)eHepaJIa Hep;Hha H H.erOBHX capap;HHKa Y nOKYIIIajy p;a ce Cp6H cnacy op; HCTpe6lbeH.a. Y HCTOBpeMe, P;YXOBHH(qeCTO

y ]JOHP;OHY),Hero p;a ra caMO OCJIOBlbaBaKao 1)eHepaJIa. KOMYHHCTH cy omY)l(HJIH BJIap;HKYHHKOJIaja p;aje 6HO ,,360paIII" H Ha OCHOBYTora MY 0P;Y3eJIHp;p)l(aBlbaHCTBO.MHHHCTapCTBO YHYTpaIIIIbJ1X noCJIOBaHPJ0P;Y3eJIOje p;p)l(aBlbaHCTBO HHKOJIajy 27.9.

1951. rop;HHe 3aTO

H 6HOJIOIIIKH) npen;H HaIIIHX "aKTHBHHX rpa1)aHa': CMaTpaJIH cy p;a 60p6a 3a CBeTCKYpeBOJIyn;Hjy ce6H MO)l(e p;a p;onYCTH p;a CBH Cp6H H3rHHY, jep he, YMecTH H.HX, y Cp6Hjy 6HTH HacelbeHH KHHe3H.

IIITO je 6HO "npHnap;HHK npoTHBHapop;He nOJIHTHqKe opraHH3an;Hje 360p H Kao capap;HHK oKynaTopa n06erao H3 3eMlbe npep; OCJI0601)eH.eM': ,lJ;aKJIe,nOBe3HBaH>eHHKOJIaja H JboTHha, Kao npHnap;HHKa HCTor no-

3amTO je CBeTH HHKoJlaj )l{H'IKH

6HO aHTHKoMYHHcTa?

JIHTHqKOr nOKpeTa, nOTHqe op; KOMYHHcTa! HHKOJIaj HHje 6HO npHnap;HHK ,,360pa': a ca ,,360paIIIHMa" je, H npe H nOCJIe,lJ;pyror CBeTCKorpaTa, capa1)HBao Kao ca xpHIIIhaHHMa,

Ha npaBOCJIaBHHM H Cp6CKHM nOCJIOBHMaKOjH cy

OBO nHTaH.e je TOJIHKOpeTOpHqKO p;a MY je H peTOpHqHOCT H3aH1)aJIa. To je HCTOKao H nHTaH.e: ,,3aIIITo je xpHIIIhaHHH

npoTHB caTaHH3Ma?" fIo

3BaHHqHHM nop;an;HMa pycKe p;p)l(aBHe KOMHcHje, 06jaBlbeHHM 1995, 3a Bpe-

6HJIH H3Hap; Hp;eOJIOfHje.

Me COBjeTHje y6HjeHo je, y HMe peBOJIyn;HoHapHe npaBp;e, p;BeCTaXHlbap;a caMO CBeIIITeHHX H MOHaIIIKHX JIHn;a! HHKOJIaj je CBeTO 3Hao, H CBHMCBOjHM

BJla)J;HKa HHKoJlaj H l)eHepaJl He)J;Hn OHO IIITO je HHKOJIaj naK MHCJIHO0 1)eHepany Hep;Hhy H H.erOBHM noMohHHn;HMa MO)l(p;a je Haj60lbe Ca)I(eTOy jep;Hoj op; 6eJIe)l(aKa BJIap;HKHHHX nOCTXYMHO 06jaBlbeHHX: "KoJIa60pan;Hja.

JacaH je CMHcao OBe peqH. Kap;

6HheM 6HO je npOTHB KOMyHHCTHqKe HeMaHH y Cp6HjH, nOIIITO je nOTHn;aJIa H3 COBjemje. 3ap HHje 6HO y npaBY? KOMYHHCTH cy OP;MaxnOKa3aJIH KO cy H UITa xohe, Beh 1941. Y BoraTHhy cy, aBrycTa Mecen;a, y6HJIH cpecKor HaqeJIHHKa H H.erOBOr nOMohHHKa, JIe-

p;Ba qOBeKa H3BJIaqe nOTonlbeHH qaMan;, jep;aH KOHonn;eM, a p;pyrH KYKOM,

Kapa MJIap;eHa MHJIOIIIeBHha, ap;BOKaTaHeMaH>Y CTaHKoBHha, qHHOBHHKa

OHp;a cy OHH KOJIa60paTopH. 06a HMajy HCTH n;Hlb npep; OqHMa. HCTO Ta-

YpoIIIa fIeKoBHha. Y6HJIH cy jepoMoHaxa MHTpo<paHa MaTHha, cTapeIIIHHY

KO H JIOBn;HKap; xohe p;a YJIOBeHeKY 3Bep, na pacnopep;e YJIore. H OHH cy

MaHacTHpa qOKeIIIHHe, 11. aBrycTa 1941, a Hapop; CnpeqHJIH p;a ra caxpaHH.

KOJIa60paTopH jep;aH p;pyrOM. Jep HMajy HCTH n;Hlb npep; OqHMa. HHKO op;

H3 MaqBe cy y6HcTBa KpeHYJIa p;albe, a caMa MaqBa je, 360r KOMYHHCTHqKHX

Han;HOHaJIHCTacpnCKHX HHje KOJIa60pHpao ca HeMaqKHM oKynaTOpHMa. Jep

Hanap;a, y n;pHO 3aBHjeHa. HeMn;H H YCTaIIIe cy Y3eJIH 7000 TaJIan;aH3 llIann;a

cpnCKH Han;HOHaJIHCTHC jep;He CTpaHe H HeMn;H C p;pyre CTpaHe HMaJIH cy

H Op;BeJIHHX y ceJIOJapaK y CpeMY. JbYP;Hcy qeTHpH caTa MOpaJIH p;a Tpqe, a

p;Ba, nOTnyHO cynpoTHa n;Hlba npep; OqHMa. HeMn;H cy CMepaJIH yHHIIITHTH

ycnYT cy cTpelbaHH - OHH KOjH 6H 3aCTaJIH.TaKo1)e, MaqBaHCKH KOMYHHCTH

cpnCKH Hapop;, a cpnCKH naTpHOTH CaqYBaTH ra H OCJI060P;HTHra op; HeMa-

cy OP;MaxnOKa3aJIH KaKaB he 6HTH H.HXOBOP;HOCnpeMa BepH; nOCJIeoCBaja-

n;a. CpnCKH Han;HOHaJIHCTHHHCY CJIY)l(HJIHHeMn;HMa, Hero cy ce CJIY)l(HJIH

H>afIpH.aBOpa, oCKpHaBHJIH cy JIOKaJIHHxpaM.

HeMn;HMa. HOBO cy OHH qHHHJIH C P;y60KHM npe3peH.eM oKynaTOpa H C

"HaIIIa Bop6a" op; 30. HOBeM6pa 1941. je nHCaJIa: "OBaKo H3fJIep;anpH.a-

npHryrneHHM peBOJIyn;HoHapHHM HHCTHHKTOMy ce6H - p;o BpeMeHa. Hcnop;

BopcKa n;pKBa: HKOHOCTacpa36HjeH, CBeCBeTaqKe CJIHKecy ca H.era cKHHYTe

3Bepa ce H3Byn;H, na oHp;a Tyn;H:' fIpaBH KOJIa60paTopH ca HeMn;HMa 6HJIH

H YHaKa)l(eHe, qaCHa Tpne3a npeTypeHa, a CBH 06jeKTH, KOjH Ha TOM CBeTOM

86

87

npeCTOlIY cToje, pacTypeHH, a ~elIOM HeCTalIH. I.J;pKBeHeKIbHre cy ynpona-

Eora", y rpY~H, C~eCHa, Y3 Y3BHK: "OBO TH je 3a Kpalba': H y cPQe, Y3 Y3BHK:

IIITeHe, a CBa ~pBeHapHja (CTO 3a cBehe H CTOlIHQe, BlIa~HqHHa, BlIa~apeBa,

"OBO TH je 3a OTaI,I6HHY!" KOMaH~Hp PaCHHCKenapTH3aHCKe qeTe, HaTepao

Kao H CBe ~pyre

je yxBaheHor

CTOlIHQe, Koje cToje ca CTpaHe) H31I0MlbeHa H 6aqeHa no

cpe~HHH QPKBe. IIp030pH

nopa36HjaHH, nOlIHjejH HCTOTaKO, ClIHKa KTHTopa

QPKBe HO:>KeMH360~eHa, HT~. KYlIMHHaQHja CBera je TO, IIITO cy KOMYHHCTH H3MeT BpIIIHlIH YHYTpa, H IIITO cy KOlbe ~p:>KalIH YHYTpa:' KaKBa je 1I0rHKa KOMYHHCTaY Cp6HjH 6HlIa, npHqaO je IbHXOB 6HBIIIH

nHcapa AQY KaMnepelIHha

~a noje~e conCTBeHO OKO,Koje MY

je HO:>KeMH3Ba~HO. EBO onHca :>KpTaBa KOMYHHCTHqKOr Tepopa, y6HjeHHx

1941. y OKOlIHHH Py~or: 1) Y1lIHh BojHclIaBa, qHHOBHHK nOIIITe H3 IIpH60ja,

6. ~eQeM6pa

cTapa 20 rO~HHa,

3ap06lbeHHK, )KHBopa~ BelIHqKOBHh; OH je ClIYIIIao napTH3aHOBor KOMaH-

hepKa cpecKor HaqelIHHKa MHlIoBaHa

~aHTa, Y1IIITBaHa EOPOTY,KojH je Ha HapO~HOM 360py Y MHpOClIaBQHMa ro-

napTH3aHa. IheH lIeIII YHaKa:>KeH.PYKe H360~eHe H HCeqeHe, 6YTHHa ~eCHe

BOpHO: "MH MopaMO BO~HTH 60p6y npOTHB <paIIIH3Ma, na MaKap H nOClIe~-

Hore paCeqeHa ~o KOCTH,o~ KOlIeHa ~o 6e~pa, ~eCHOOKOH3Bal)eHo, 06e ~oj-

IbH qOBeK Y Cp6HjH nOrHHYO, jep Hapo~a Ha KyrlIH 3eMalbcKoj HMa ~OBOlbHO,

Ke np060~eHe,

caMa KHHa HMa npeKo 400 MHlIHOHa lbY~H, a Y1H~Hja HMa OKO500 MHlIHOHa. flIaBHo je ~a - n06e~H HaIIIa H~eja, a HaIIIe npolIeTepcKe

PYKe carpa~Hhe

cella H rpa~oBe, Koje <paIIIHcTH nopYIIIe:'

Y1lIHha, y6HjeHa y Py~oMe o~ cTpaHe

1I06alba pa3MpcKaHa.

2) JOBaHoBHh ,Ueca, yqeHHQa 6 pa3pe~a rHMHa3Hje, cTapa 18 ro~HHa, hepKa ynpaBHHKa

nOIIITe H3 IIpH60ja,

o~Bel)eHa Ka~ H BojHclIaBa

Y1lIHh.

IheH lIeIII, nope~ orpoMHHx Mo~pHQa no TellY, HMa npoceK Hcno~ lIeBe ~oj-

3a BpeMe "Y:>KHqKepeny61IHKe': KOMYHHCTHcy n06HlIH npeKo 300 lbY-

1941. BlIaCT

Ke H npelloMlbeHY ~ecHY PYKY. 3) Y1rlbaT Kaqap, xOTellHjep, cTap 50 rO~HHa; lberOB lIeIII Hal)eH y ce-

QPBeHHx I,IelIaTa y qaqKY: "CelbaQH cy 6HlIH Ha CHlIY, no~ npeTlboM cMpTHe

~eheM cTaBY, pYKe Be3aHe Ha lIel)HMa. ,UecHo yxo O~CeqeHO, KO:>KaonapeHa

~H. A eBO KaKO je, npeMa nHcalbY "HaIIIe

60p6e", H3rlIe~alIa

Ka3He, o~Bol)eHH Y napTH3aHcKe o~pe~e ... ,Ua 6H oHeMoryhHlIH

CBaKHoTnop

npoTHB 31I0qHHa napTH3aHH cy Ha HeKOlIHKOjaBHHx MeCTay6HlIH ~eceTHHY yrlIe~HHx ~oMahHHa. Y6HjalIH cy HX Ha Haj3BepcKHjH HaqHH. HeKolIHKo IbHX

BpyhoM BO~OM,Koca nOqynaHa, CBH3y6H nOBal)eHH; ~oTyqeH HeKHM TynHM opyl)eM.

4) BlIa~HMHp OTaIIIeBHh, celbaK H3 IIpH60jcKe

Ealbe, cTap 50 rO~HHa,

:>KHBe6H 3aKonalIH ~o naca y 3eMlbY, a OH~a cy HM HO:>KeBHMaKH~alIH YIIIH,

Hal)eH y lIe:>KeheM cTaBY, lIHQeM oKpeHYT 3eMlbH, ca CBe3aHHM PYKaMa Ha

HOC,je3HK, PYKe H TaKO HX ~O HajcTpaIIIHHje

lIel)HMa, pa3MpcKaHe 1I06albe TynHM opyl)eM.

CMpTH MPQBapHlIH. ,UeceTHHe

~pyrHx celbaKa Be3aHHX PYKY MopalIH cy nOCMaTpaTH OBeje3HBe CQeHe...

5) PajKo HecTopoBHh, CY~CKHnHcap H3 IIpH60ja,

cTap 25 rO~HHa. Ihe-

BapOIII nYCTa, cpYIIIeHa, npa3HHX ~yhaHa H nHjaQa ...

rOB lIeIII Hal)eH y ce~eheM cTaBY, ca CBe3aHHM HoraMa H pYKaMa, no QelloM

3BepCTBa H Myqelba BpIIIeHa cy Ha pa3HHM MeCTHMa, na H y 3aTBopy.

TelIY Hcnp06a~aH

To je qHlbeHO 06HqHO Hohy. Y 3aTBopy je CTalIHO 6HlIO OKO 50 oc06a, Mel)y KojHMa H :>KeHCKHX.EaH~HTH cy BpIIIHlIH caclIYIIIalba,

npe6HjajyhH

HeBHHe

KaMoM, 3y6H nOBal)eHH.

A Ka~ je y6HjeH KOHTpOllOp nOIIITe y IIO~ropHQH, MHlba EpajoBHh, y lIeTO 1942. rO~HHe, KOMYHHCTHqKH MOHCTPYMH cy HaTepalIH lberoBY:>KeHY

:>KpTBe:>KHlIaMa,TOlbaraMa, KYH~aQHMa H IIIaKaMa. Hohy cy 6HlIH y6HjaHH He-

AHl)y H OCMOpOIbHXOBe~eQe ~a Hrpajy KOllO OKOy6HjeHor H neBajy: "CTH:>Ke

BHHH lby~H. JIeIIIeBH :>KpTaBa6aQaHH cy 06HqHO y KlI03eTe. CTpaIIIHo je 6HlIO

nHCMO H3 CnY:>Ka- OCTaAHl)a 6e3 MY:>Ka:'

clIYIIIaTH jaYK H BpHcaK MyqeHHX :>KpTaBa.Y6HjeHa je, Mel)y OCTalIHM, H je~Ha

BYKocaB Pa~OBHh, y CBojOj KlbH3H "O~ CY~Hje ~O qHCTaqa': HaBO~H jOIII

:>KeHaKOjy cy napTH3aHH OCY~HlIH Ha CMpT pa~H Tora IIITO je npalla py6lbe

je~aH clIyqaj QPHoropCKHX napTH3aHCKHX "nO~BHra". (I.J;pHa fopa je no CBe-

HeMaqKHM BojHHQHMa. IIpe y6HcTBa OBaje :>KeHanOlIy~elIa o~ cTpaxa H MY-

MY cy~ehH, Y3 XepQerOBHHY, 6HlIa npe~eo HajY:>KaCHHjer KOMYHHCTHqKOr

qelba. Ca 1b0M je, no cBoj npHlIHQH, y6HjeH H lbeH MY:>K.Y CBaKOMclIyqajy OH

~HBlbalba; HeKH 3110qHHHQPHoropcKHx y6HQa MOry ce, no qy~OBHIIIHOCTH,

je HeCTao H nOClIe nOrH6Hje lberOBe HecpehHe :>KeHeBHIIIe ra HHCY BH~elIH:'

nope~HTH caMO ca YCTaIIIKHM):

A IIocaBcKH

napTH3aHcKH o~pe~, Ha qHjeM qelIY cy cTajalIH Y1IIITBaH

EopoTa H JOCHKHBHXlbY~H. IIpe~-

ce~HHKa onIIITHHe BalbeBCKor cella ,UHBQH cy, Y3 nOMoh "Hapo~Hor

xepoja"

CTeBaHa KHBepaHe. MlIa~or

cpnCKor ~06pOBOlbQa 'uYIIIaHa

IIaIIIHha y6HlIH cy KOMYHHCTH,nYQajyhH MY y maBY, Y3 Y3BHK: "OBO TH je 3a

H ~a 6H 3a~oBolbHlIH Ha Hajrp03HHjH

" ...,Ua 6H cTpax y Hapo~y 6HO IIITO BehH

cBoje ca~HCTHqKe HaroHe, OHH cy y6HcTBa BpIIIHlIH

HaqHH. O~ MHor06pojHHX

TaKBHX rp030Ta HaBeIIIhy pa~H

npHMepa, je~HY Koja ce o~HrpalIa y JIHjecQH, 3aceoKY cella Cpe~lber Cella y cpe3Y 6jelIonolbcKoM:' "EaIII y THM ~aHHMa Ka~a ce ~p:>Kao 360p y llIaxoBHhHMa,

HaBpaTHlIa

cy TPH napTH3aHa y Kyhy CTeBaHa Mp~aKa H ynHTalIH ra ~a lIH HM MO:>Ke

89

88 UlTO Aan:l 3a pyqaK, peKaBIIIH Aa cy AYro Ha nYTY H Aa HOCenOlliTY OA llOA-

Beh HnH MaJbeM y rnaBY, HnH 3aKnaH HO)l(eM HcnoA rpna. CBaKH nelli je 6HO

rOpH~e 3a rnaBHH IIITa6 CaHI,IaKa; KOjH ce Hana3HO Ha KOBpeHY. CTeBaH,

MacaKpHpaH H YHaKa)l(eH. OqH H3Bal)eHe, 3y6H nOnOMJbeHH, HOC OTCeqeH,

KaO YBeK rOCTOnpHMaH, YBeO je JbYAeY Kyhy H H3HeO npeAa lbHX CBe KaO 0

je3HK OTCeqeH, CTOMaK H3Bal)eH, cp~e H3Bal)eHo H CTaBJbeHOy YCTa, HTA· Hore H PYKe 6ey pa3nHKe 6Hjaxy CBHMa )l(pTBaMa nOnOMJbeHe H rnaBe TY-

CnaBH... KaA cY 'rOCTH' KpeHynH Aa HAY H3 lberOBe Kyhe, 3aMonHnH cy ra Aa HM nOKa)l(e nYT 3a llIaxoBHhe,

IIITO je YBeK A06pOAYIIIHH CTeBaH H qHHHO

CBHMa KojH cy Ma KaKBY ycnyry Tpa)l(HnH OA lbera. KaA HX je HcnpaTHO AO jeAHor IllYMapKa Y 6nH3HHH cBoje Kyhe, TY cy ra CTaBHnH Ha Hajrp03HHje MYKe. llpBO cy MY npe6HnH Hore H pYKe, a oHAa HIllqynanH

KnelliTaMa CBe

nHM npeAMeTOM - MaJbeM pa36HjeHe. KOMHcHja je YTBpAHna HMeHa H 6poj )l(pTaBa, HaqHH y6Hjalba, I,IenaTe H HapeA60AaB~e, KaJIacy y rraCTOpaJIHoj 06JIaCTH, rAe je

Kpajlbe HeTaqHH H3pa3H H Aa ce H3a lbHX cKpHBajy caCBHM oApe1)eHH eT-

rroKymao Aa Ha1)e>KHB,AHHaMHqaH HaqHH Aa O>KHBHrrpaBOCJIaB1be.Ho, H3

Horpalj>CKH rrojMoBH. EBporrCKa KYJITypa HHje KYJITypa qOBeqaHCTBa. To je

Tora cy rrpOH3aIIIJIe lj>opMe rrpaBOCJIaBHel.\pKBeHocTH YHYTap cprrcKor rrpa-

rrpoH3BoA HCTopHje oApe1)eHe eTHHqKe rpyrre. fepMaHcKa H KeJITCKarrJIeMe-

BOCJIaB1baKoje cy rrOCTaJIe Ba)I(He 3a HCTOpHjy eKJIe3HOJIOrHje H TeOJIOrHje Te l.\pKBe:'

Type H CHJIHOce H3MeIIIaJIa Me1)y C060M, CTBOpHJIacy H3BeCTaH 3ajeAHHqKH

TaKaB HHKOJIaj ce ype3HBao y cpl.\a 3arraAHHX JbYAH, a HaIIIH jaAHH rraJIaHaqKH MYApal.\H TO HJIH He 3Hajy HJIH rrpehYTKyjy.

HaqHH >KHBOTa0A eJIeMeHaTa cBoje Hal.\HOHaJIHeH pHMCKe KYJIType. OHa cy YCJIeAorrIIITHX eHTorpalj>CKHX H reorpalj>CKHX YCJIOBaAyro >KHBeJIajeAHHM

AJIH, HHKOJIaj ce HHKaA HHje AOABopaBao 1bYAHMa Ha 3arraAY. OH je lbHMa rOBopHO (CBeAOqH 6HCKyrr I,IopI,l EeJI): "MH rroIIITyjeMo

Ha, Koja cy ce y pa3JIHqHToj rrpOrrOpl.\HjH rroABpraBaJIa YTHl.\ajy pHMcKe KYJI-

orrIIITHM >KHBOTOM,a y lbHXOBOj cy HCTOpHjH H CBaKOAHeBHl.\H,3axBa1byjy-

BaIIIY AeMO-

hH CTaJIHoj Me1)yco6Hoj KOMYHHKal.\HjH, 3ajeAHHqKH eJIeMeHTH6HJIH TOJIHKO

KpaTHjy - TO je Ao6po; OHa je 3aCHOBaHa Ha xpHIIIhaHCKHM HaqeJIHMa, aJIH

3HaqajHH, Aa je ocehalbe pOMaHorepMaHCKor jeAHHcTBa HeCBeCHOYBeK >KHBe-

TO HHje AOB01bHO.BH Tpe6a Aa ce 06paTHTe Eory." 3a pa3JIHKY OA H3BeCHHX

JIOy lbHMa. C BpeMeHOM, Kao H KOA TOJIHKHXApyrHX HapOAa, H KOA lbHX ce

eBpo1by6HBHX eBporrolj>HJIa (HHje rrJIeOHa3aM,Hero YKa3HBalbe Ha BPCTYApare HM BaJIYTe), KojHMa je CBaKa, rra H OBa, aMepHKaHH30BaHa H rrOHH>KeHa

ca crrOMeHHl.\HMa pHMCKe H rpqKe KYJIType H36al.\HJIOje Ha rrOBpIIIHHY HAejy

rrpo6YAHJIa >Ke1ba3a rrpoyqaBalbeM

H3BopHIIITa cBoje KYJIType. Yrr03HaBalbe

EBporra, 601ba OA CBera UITO je Cp6CKO HaCJIe1)e,HHKOJIaj je 6HO 3aTOqHHK

HaAHal.\HOHaJIHe,CBeTCKel.\HBHJIH3al.\Hje, HAejy CBojcTBeHY rpqKO-pHMCKOM

rrpaBe, xpHIIIhaHCKe EBporre, Koja Tpe6a Aa HIIIqe3He ca XOpH30HTa caBpeMe-

CBeTY. 3HaMO Aa je H Ta HAeja TaKo1)e 6HJIa 3aCHOBaHa Ha eTHorpalj>CKo-re-

He HCTopHje, jep TaKO >KeJIelbeHH KOMecapH HcrroA >KYTHXrreTOKpaKa, HCTO

orpalj>CKHM Y3pOl.\HMa. IIOA 'l.\eJIHM CBeTOM'y PHMY cy, HapaBHO, rrOApa3Y-

OHaKOKaKO cy 601bIIIeBHqKH KOMecapH HcrrOA rreTOKpaKe l.\pBeHe HacTojaJIH Aa YMeCTOPYCHje HarrpaBe COBjeTcKH CaBe3.

MeBaJIH caMO orbis terrarium,

* TO jecT

Mopa, HJIH Ha lbeMY rpaBHTHpajyhHM

HapOAe HaCe1beHeOKOCpeA03eMHor rroAPyqjHMa,

KOjH cy YCJIeA CTaJIHe

Me1)yco6He KOMYHHKal.\Hje H3rpaAHJIH HH3 orrIIITHX KYJITypHHX BpeAHOCTH H KojH cy ce, Ha Kpajy, yjeAHHHJIH 6JIarOAapehH HHBeJIHpajyheM YTHl.\ajy rpq-

,IJ;BaHHKOJIaja - Tpy6eU;Koj

H BeJIHMHpOBHD

Ke H pHMCKe KOJIOHH3al.\Hje H pHMCKe BojHe BJIaAaBHHe. EHJIO KaKO 6HOO, aHTHqKe KOCMOrrOJIHTCKeHAeje rrOCTaJIe cy y EBporrH OCHOB06pa30Balba.

ABaAeceTHX rOAHHa ABaAeceTor BeKa, PYCKH rrJIeMHh, KHe3 HHKOJIaj Tpy6el.\Koj,

o6jaBHo je, rrOCJIeY>Kaca IIpBor

CBeTCKor paTa, KlbHry "EBporra

IIaBIIIH Ha rrorOAHO TJIOHeCBeCHor ocehalba pOMaHorepMaHCKor jeAHHcltl, OHe cy H3pOAHJIe TeopHjcKe OCHOBeTaK03BaHor eBporrCKor 'KOCMOrrOJIHTH-

H qOBeqaHCTBO': Koja je H AaHac He3ao6HJIa3Ha JIeKTHpa 3a CBe H3yqaBa-

3Ma', KojH 6H rrpaBHJIHHje 6HJIO oTBopeHo 3BaTH oUtuWepoMaHofepMaHcKuM

Ol.\e CJIO>KeHOrH 60JIHO TparHqHOr

tu08UHU3MOM.

rrp06JIeMa eBpOrrOl.\eHTpH3Ma, KOjH je

qOBeqaHCTBY AOHeo TOJIHKOHeB01ba H KOjH jOIII YBeK HHje pa3peIIIeH. KaA ce lberOBe peqH rrpOqHTajy, OHe 3Byqe aKTyeJIHO Kao HHKaAa. Ha 3arraAY

ETO peaJIHHX HCTOpHjcKHX OCHOBaeBporrcKHx KOCMOrrOJIHTCKHXTeopHja. IICHXOJIOIIIKa OCHOBaKOCMOrrOJIHTH3MaHCTa je, AaKJIe, Kao H OCHOBa

Beh Ael.\eHHjaMa rrocTojH XYMaHHCTHqKa AHCl.\HrrJIHHa3BaHa "cTYAHje KYJI-

IIIOBHHH3Ma. To je BpcTa OHe HeCBeCHerrpeApaCYAe, OHe rroce6He rrCHXOJIO-

Type~ Koja ce, yrJIaBHOM H3 JIeBHqapCKHX rrepcrreKTHBa, 6aBH KYJITypHHM

rHje, KOjy je Haj601be Ha3BaTH efou,eHwpU3MOM.

rrapaAHrMaMa H lbHXOBOM (3JIo)yrrOTpe6oM y 6op6aMa 3a APymTBeHY Moh. IIpaBocJIaBHH rrpeTeqa "cTYAHja KYJIType" CBaKaKOje KHe3 Tpy6el.\Koj, KOjH

* Kpyr

3eMalba (naT.).

qOBeK C japKo H3pa>KeHOM

100 erOl..\eHTpHqHOM

rrCHXOJIOrHjoM

Kp}'HOM CTBapalba, Apyra

6Hha,

llIHje

Haj60JbHM

0A CBWX 6Hha. 113Me~y ABa

60Jbe je OHO Koje MY je 6JIH:>Ke H Koje BHllIe

OHO Koje MY je AaJbe. 360r

caM rrpHrraAa,

TOra cBaKy

rOB CTaJIe:>K, lberOB HapOA, lberOBO OCTaJIHX, lbHMa CJIHqHHX. "

KO oCTBapyjy

JeAHocTaBHo:

rpyrry

IherOBa

rrJIeMe, lberOBa

paca

6Hha

a JIO-

ce H 'TarrKaJIH'

lbe-

Ha orrllITY

- 60JbH cy OA CBHX

CBOj KOJIeKTHBHH erOl..\eHTpH3aM

jOllI

H Ka-

y cBeTY?

Jbe, HH rope

HCTHqe Aa pYCKa H Apyre

0A pOMaHorepMaHcKe; je OCHOBHO rrpaBo

- Ke HayqHO

YTeMeJbelbe,

rrCHXOJIOmjH. caBpllIeHCTBY

eTHOJIOrHjH,

caMa rrpO:>KeTa erOl..\eHTpH3MOM. - CBe cy OBO Ay60KO

Tpy6el..\Koj,

TaKot)e

0 eBOJIYI..\HjH

erOl..\eHTpHqKH

0 TOMe Aa je pa3Boj

rrojMoBH.

AHBJbaKa.

)l{HBoT

HeAocTyrrHor

OAHOCY Ha 'T060:>Klber OCHoBHa

y EBporrH

je Aa ce 60pHMO

I1BaH I1JbHH, jeAaH OA HajBehHx

H KYJITypHOj

HCTOpHjH,

JIeCTBHl..\a', 'cTyrrlbH

t

H

pa3Boja'

3aTo

Y OCHOBH lbHXOBOj HaJIa3H ce

JbYACKor pOAa HlIIao

H HAe rrYTeM TaK03BaHor

3aBpllIHo

~

rrpoTHB

Cl!eOrrllITe

3arraAa.

je CBOjy CTYAHjy rr03HBOM

ApeBHe

KYJIType

- Maje

I..\HBHJIH30BaHOCTH BpllIH

qHHHOl..\a

"HayqHor

H I1HKe. ce y CKJIa-

rrocMaTpalba".

CHJIa - rr06e~yjeMo

"AHBJbaKe"

- "AHBJbaI..\H"

JIOBl..\a y aKe

cy jeAHocTaBHo

caMe ce6e". I1crroA

HaJIa3e ce HapoAH

rra jY:>KHOaMepHqKe

OAHrpaJIa

eBOJIYI..\Hje, Kao

a He rro HeKaKBOM

"EBpOrrJbaHH

rrpOmaCHJIH

Tora cy "AHBJbaI..\H". Ol..\eHa HeqHje

rrCHXOJIOrHja

H

HapoAa

HCTpa:>KHBalbe KYJITypa

rrpaBO Aa TBpAe Aa je 6allI

eBOJIYI..\Hje qOBeqaHCTBa

AY ca CJIHqHOllIhy

KYJIcBoje

Ha Taj

pa3MoTaHY

0 eBOJIYI..\HjH KYJITypa TaqHa, 0Aa-

Bpx}'Hal..\

HarrpaBe

HAeje, MacKHpajyhH

Aa 6H HaMeTHYJIH CBojy HMrrepHjaJIHY

HajcaBpllIeHHja

HCTHqe Aa 06jeKTHBHO

HayqHHI..\HMa

A3HjaTH,

qOBeqaHCTBO,

pa3HHX

<pa3e orrllITe

qH-

rrYTa CBeTCKor rrporpeca:'

BPX eBOJIYI..\HOHOr HH3a? To jecT,

IIocJIe

PYCKH KeKHe3 Tpy6el..\KOj,

Typa

IIpaBo

rro PYCKOM KHe3Y

rrpaBa JIHHHja. Qo-

TaqKH HTA. 113 OBora CJIeAH Aa, 6al..\HBllIH

ce jeAHa OA APyre 6allI

Tpy6el..\KOj

y HMe aCHMHJIaI..\Hje, rra MaKap H ca HeKHM

pOMaHorepMaHCKH

HH cy 6HJIH TOJIHKO YBepeHH

YBeK CTojH

pa3JIHqHTe

HHCY HH 60-

JbYAH H HapoAa,

AJIH, aKO HHKO He :>KeJIHAa rrpHXBaTH 3allITO

KYJIType

TaqKaMa

CJIHKY AaHac rrocTojeher

Ha KOMaAe H3pe3aHY

CBaKH HapoA,

OHe cy, rrpocTo,

He MO:>Ke A06pOBOJbHO

cBoje Hal..\HOHaJIHe Kerr06eAHTH HHKO': Tpy6el..\Koj

OBaj ce rrYT 3aMHllIJba

HAe rro TOj rrpaBoj

BJbaJIH Ha OApe~eHHM

KojHMa

rropOAHl..\a,

CBeTCKor rrporpeca. BeqaHCTBO

TaBY eBOJIYI..\Hjy, jep Ha cBaKoj

HaMehy

CBOjy rrpeMoh

JIHqH Ha lbera,

rrpHpOAHY

oBaj qOBeK CMaTpa HajcaBpllIeHHjoM.

A KaKO POMaHorepMaHH

I

HeCBeCHO CMaTpa ce6e l..\eHTpOM BaCeJbeHe,

H HajcaBpllIeHHjHM

101

MH

MH, He3arraAHH CMO APyraqHjH,

eBpOrreH3al..\Hje.

YMoBa pycKor

"EBporra

H qOBeqaHCTBO"

ca MajMYHcKHM

HHCMO

I1JIH, KaKO je rOBopHo

XX BeKa: "MH

MH CMO yqeHHI..\H XpHCTOBH

3a 06paqYH

HapoAH,

H AY:>KHOCT HaM

HHCMO HH yqe-

H yqHTeJbH caMHMa

HHKOJIaj

rrOApa:>KaBalbeM

Tpy6el..\Koj 3arraAHo-

I""

103

102 eBponCKHX

Bpe.n;HOCTH. !heroBH

3a.n;aQH, .n;aTH KaO 3aKJbyqaK,

JIaMa. CBera

"MHTeJIHreHQHja jy .n;a CTprHe

eBpOneH3HpaHHX

nOBe3 KOjH CY joj

6YHHJIa pOMaHOrepMaHCKe

HapO.n;a MOpaJIa 6H ca CBOjHX OqH-

HaMeTHYJIH

POMaHOrepMaHH

H OCJI060.n;H ce

H.n;eOJIOrHje. OHa MOpa .n;apa3YMe

CaCBHM jacHo,

qOBeqaHCTBa, eTHOrpaKHje)':

Bepo-

Bao y MHcHjy rrpaBocnaBHHX CnOBeHa. OH HCTHqe ):Ia):IpeBHH J1H):IYCHH KH-

EBpOrrJbaHH cy rronY):lenH 0):1na:>KHOr3Halba - "YKonHKO cy BHllIe n03HaBanH

He3H HMajy "KynTYPY MHoro nerrllIY, pa3pa~eHHjy H YTaHqaHHjy 0):1eBporrCKe

MHKp06e, YTonHKO cy Malbe 3HanH 3a Eora':

ITo CBeTOM

CBeTH HHKonaj )l{HqKH ce ):Iyro 60pHO rrpOTHB H):IeOnOrHje CQHjeHTH-

HHKonajy, "aKO ce EBporra XBanH KynTypOM, OHa ce XBanH HHqHM': OH CMa-

3Ma, jep CBe llITO je 6Hno 6e360:>KHHqKO y EBporrH O):leBano ce y "HaYKY"

Kymype,

360r qera OHH H Mp3e H npe3Hpy eBporrCKY Kymypy".

Tpa ):Iacy TPH HajKynTypHHje 3eMJbey HCTOpHjH 6Hne CTapH ErHrraT, J1H):IHja

H rrOKYllIaBano ):Ia ce HaMeTHe Kao "HayqHO": 0):1,,6H6nHjcKe KpHTHKe" ):10

H KHHa, y KojHMa cy "JbY):lHCBOjHM HarropOM ):IOllInH):IO MHOrHX H MHorHX

):IapBHHH3Ma. 3aTO ce OH OKpeHYO HCTpa:>KHBalbYT3B. "rrpHpO):lHHX 3aKOHa"

3Halba,):IOMahHHCKHX, rrpaBHHX, MaTeMaTHqKHX, aCTpOHOMCKHX,

,t

.::

•..~;,

,,06jeKTHBaH", OHH KOjH cy BHKalIH "PacrrHH fa!': H3rHHYlIH 6H Kao ,lJ;aTaH

H ABHpOH. AlIH He! OH HHje ,,06jeKTHBaH"! OH Hac BOlIH, H OqHMa Jby6aBH rrOCMaTpa CBaKYTBaplW KOjy je CTBOpHO:OA 3pHa rrpaIIIHHe AO aHrelIa ... HH

HH Ha rroTpe6y, qOBeK rroqeo ~a je~e Y 3HOjy lIHu;a CBora, jep MY je cpu;e 3apa-

qOBeK CTBapHOCTHe 3Ha 06jeKTHBHO. OH y IbY yqHTaBa ce6e. AKO je ca XPH-

ClIO Y KOpOB CTpaCTH Koje rrOMpaqyjy rrYT 60rOrr03Halba, yqHHHlIO MY ce ~a

CTOM,aKOu;elIOMYApeHHM OKOMBHAH CBeT,TaAa MY CBe61IHCTarrpB03AaHOM

ce u;elIOCHOCT3Halba MO)l(e ~OCTHhH rrpeqHU;OM, pOHehH y TBap ... AlIH, KaKO

qHCTOTOM;aKOje 6e3 XpHCTa, OH CBeTHa3Hpe rpeXOM - H CBeMY je HejacHo,

peqe IlporroBe~HHK,

MYTHO, 3arOHeTHO, CTpaHO, Tyl)e, oA60jHO ... ,,06jeKTHBHO':

TOje TaIIITHHa, TaIIITHHa Ha~ TaIIITHHaMa: TBap OqeKY-

lIaB H MeABeA

je O~rOBOp O~ qOBeKa! OHa 3a IbHM, rroTeHU;HjalIHHM CHHOM DO)l(HjHM rro

paCTp)l(Y qOBeKa Ka~ ra BH~e. AlIH, lIaB je 6HO rrOClIYIIIHH clIyra CBeTor fe-

61Iaro~aTH, Y3~HIlle H BarrH, OHa y lbeMY )l(elIH ~a oTKpHje DOra. YMecTo Aa,

paCHMa JOPAaHCKor, a MeABeA je ~OHOCHOIllYMCKH Me~ CBeTOM CepaKeH

Ha nJ1Talbe HOBJ1Hapa

C ja,f(HJ1M BeHroM,

JbynKO je O,f(ro-

y KaBe3Y, TO je 3aTO IIITO MY je TY HajY,f(06HJ1je, ,f(a pa,f(J1MO ca lbHM. OH HJ1je HJ1 y KaKBOM

OCJ1M ,f(a HJ1KO He 6J1 peKao

,f(a 6J1 6J1no MY,f(pO ,f(03BO-

TBp,f(HO ,f(a y6HjalbeM

Qe, :>KMapQJ1 Ka,f( OBO QJ1TaIII, J1 Ka,f( ce CeTJ1III ,,6ene IIIeHreHCKe

3aKOH npHpO,f(Hor ,f(pyrnTBa

a,f(a ra HJ1KO He Ha,f(rne,f(a:'

(IIpo1)y

nJ1 Te, QJ1TaOnJ1CTe" J1nJ1

3J1,f(a caHKQJ1ja"?)

AMepJ1QKJ1 J1CTpa:>KJ1BaQApKTJ1Ka,

TacMaHHje

aKCHOM 3aKOHa eBony-

ce

aTpaKQJ1ja. )];HpeK-

nOKOJb OBHX Hecpeh-

"CnOJblber

JbY,f(CKJ1X

ce,f(MJ1QHO nOHaIIIano

Kao ,f(a je MajMYH. OH J1Mje 6J10 rnaBHa

J1 3aTO IIITO He 3HaMO IIITa ,f(pyro

cY XHTne-

Kao npe,f(CTaBHJ1K

fO,f(J1He

YXBaTJ10 je Y KOHry

H3nO:>K6J1y CeH JIYJ1cy 6J10 npJ1Ka3aH

OKO 40 XHJba,f(a nOCeTJ1naQa

je Ba:>KJ10,f(0

CMpTJ1.

- J1CTpa:>KJ1BaQCeMjyen

TOp 300-BpTa,

Bapao:

6ene pace. npaBa

XJ1TnepOBe

nJ1TJ1MY,f(a nYTa no rpa,f(y,

"HeYMOJbHBH KpaJbeBCKOr

npeMa

1901. OKO 1300 nonYT

Y AYCTpanHjH

je 6YKBanHo

0,f(a6Hpalba" I)ejMc

3aTBopHMa,

,f(a 6H ,f(OKa3anH caBpIIIeHcTBo

COQHjan-,f(apBHHHcTa

y 300-BPTY

,f(OHeTH cy 3aKOHH 0 anapTXej-

O,f( 1890.,f(0

yceJbelba

QJ1je" Haj6nJ1:>Ka QOBeKY. 3aTJ1M je, ca rOpJ1nOM J1opaHryTaHoM,

eBonyn;HoHHcTa,

"HayqHHQH':

Ha,f( A60pHI,IHHHMa

)];apBHHH3aM

OTa BeHry,

,f(a 6J1 Ha cBeTcKoj

npe,f(aKa".

H nHKHHM ,f(p:>KaBaMa CA)];

6Hno je anapTXej,f(a

AMepJ1Ka

cOQHjan-,f(apBHHH-

epKaH, H TO ,f(0 HCTpe6Jbelba.

,f(p:>KaBY He 06aBe3yjy

Tora,

nJbaHa Ha OCHOBY lbJ1XOBe reHeTJ1QKe J1HKJ1nJ1y AMepJ1QKOM

npJ1pO,f(lbaQKOM

MY3ejy.

Je,f(HOM ,f(eQaKY, MJ1HJ1KY, YMPO je OTaQ, QJ1je cy KOCTJ1 OCTane J13nO:>KeHeKao

QHje': A60pHI,IHHH TpoBaHa

cy nOBJbel1

J1M je xpaHa.

Kao ,f(HBJbe 3BepH.

E,f(Bap,f( PeM3J1, Ha,f(30pHJ1K aYCTpanJ1jcKor 3ejcKJ1 KaTanOr

CKe :>KJ1BOTJ1lbe':a OH caM ce 6aBJ10 XBaTalbeM

J1 ,f(eQe, nocne

"npJ1MepaK

J1

"npHMepaKa"

Kao "aycTpanJ1j3a "HayqHe

rne,f(ao je nOKOJb rpyne

qera je ",f(eceT Haj60JbJ1x

n06alba"

orne-

,f(eQe 0,f(Y3eTo je O,f( CBOjJ1X pO,f(J1TeJba; 6enonYTa

1935.

npJ1CJ1nHO je CTepJ1nJ1CaHO 20 000 JbY,f(J1.Ha OCHOBY eyreHJ1Ke,

paHJ1 cy TeCTOBJ1 3a J1MJ1rpaHTe, no KojJ1Ma je 80% J1MHrpaHaTa EBpone

)];0 jaHyapa

(IIOJbaKa,

JeBpeja,

Pyca)

cBpcTaHo

y ManoYMHe,

CTBa-

J13 J1CTOQHe

na je, Ha OCHOBY

no,f( XJ1TnepOM

yn030paBao:

ce 3a Ka-

J1naK pa1)a MHoro

"MJ1 CMO TaKo1)e CBeCHJ1 np06neMa

- nonynaQJ1ja

BJ1IIIe

J13rpa,f(lbe je,f(He

Hero caMO npOTJ1B MeTO,f(a

y HeMaQKoj

nJ1CTJ1 cy Me1)y lbJ1Ma, :>KJ1BJ1J1 3,f(paBJ1 J1 nocne

)];0 1930. rO,f(J1He

,f(ereHepJ1Ke':

3anarana

J1naK paCTe npe6p30.

HaQJ1CTJ1 J1 KOMYHJ1CTJ1 HJ1CY je,f(J1HJ1 ,f(apBJ1HJ1CTJ1. fn06anHJ1

fJI06anHJ1

3aKOHe, KOjJ1 cy y penp0,f(YKQJ1jJ1

nJ1jaHJ1Qe, enJ1nenTJ1Qape,

nopO,f(J1Qe': peBonYQJ1je':

3aOCTanJ1X, anJ1 J1QPHaQa. AMepJ1QKJ1M eyreHJ1Qa-

IIITO ce y HeMaQKoj

Koje HaQJ1CTJ1 npJ1Melbyjy

HJ1qKH 3aKOH ,f(OHeT je 1907. ,f(OHeT je y HH,f(J1jaHJ1 (CAW.

ceKcyanHe

To jecT, MJ1 HJ1CMO npOTJ1B paCJ1CTJ1QKe eyreHJ1Ke,

,f(eQa ,f(aBaHa cy Ha YCBajalbe

cy CTaBJbaHa y CJ1pOTJ1IIIlfa.

31 aMepJ1qKa ,f(p:>KaBa J1Mana je eyreHJ1qKe

"MajKa

pace, anJ1 MJ1 ce 6pJ1HeMO 0 KBanJ1TeTY HaIIIJ1X JbY,f(J1,He caMO 0 KOnJ1QJ1HJ1:'

a60pJ1I,IJ1HCKe

Be3 AMepJ1Ke ce He MO:>KeHJ1r,f(e, na HJ1 y 06naCTJ1 eyreHJ1Ke. IIpBJ1 eyre-

"YM060nHe,

CejHI,Iep,

ny pa1)alba

O,f( 1910. ,f(0 ce,f(aM,f(eceTJ1X rO,f(J1Ha 20. BeKa OKO 100.000

CnpeqaBanJ1

cy QeHJ1nJ1 J1 npBJ1 "nnaHepJ1

,f(eQe HO IIITO TO lbJ1Ma npJ1ja, na je QenHJ1K AMepJ1QKe KJ10 nOCMpTHe

CaXpaHJ10, anJ1 ynpaBa

:>KJ1BbTHlbe.

MY3eja y CJ1,f(Hejy, 06jaBJ10 je MY-

Y KOMe cy A60pJ1I,IJ1HJ1 6J1nJ1 npeCTaBJbeHJ1

,f(e". MJ1CJ10Hap J13 HOB or jY:>KHOr Benca o,f(pacnJ1x

O,f(CeQaHe cy J1M rnaBe,

KOpJ1CTJ1nJ1 cy J1X Kao eKCnepJ1MeHTanHe

KanJ1TanJ1CTJ1, OHJ1 3nOQJ1HQJ1 ca

;~

BaBJ1M napaMa

~,

)];apBJ1Ha Kao cBoje OnpaB,f(albe.

f

CaMHep,

1

nOMaranJ1

J1 60JbIIIeBJ1Ke

Bon

rOBOpJ10 ,f(a ,f(apBJ1HJ13aM y ,f(pyrnTBY

Hor QOBeKa HaBJ1IIIe, rypaMo

,f(pyror

J1 nocne

CTpHTa,

KOjJ1 cy CBOjJ1M KP-

J1 JtJ1Tnl!poBQe,

CBojeBpeMeHo

KanJ1Ta-

XJ1Tnepa

je npoKaBaO

,!.\a CXBaTJ1 HaQJ10HaJIcoQJ1jaJIJ1CTJ1QKY

Bamepa':)

fO,!.\J1He

KojJ1 je ,!.\06J10 HajBehe

1938,

XJ1TJIep je O,!.\JIJ1KOBaO pe,!.\a. 0J10 je TO

O,!.\JIJ1KOBalbe lllTO ra je Moryhe

XJ1TJIep ra je O,!.\JIJ1KOBaO360r

MacaMa':

CTBapalba

"ayro-

•

Tpe6a

P03eH6epr

,!.\a capal)yjy.

nOTBp,!.\e; peQHMo, je: "HHKO

3MY:' P03eH6epr

3aTO je Ta-

j

y "TajMcy"

q,e6pyapa

1933,

y HCKpeHOCT

je CTynHo

,!.\a 0pHTaHQH

QQ-

H HeMQH

HHCY ,!.\yro QeKaJIH ,!.\a npHjaTeJbCTBO OBa yrJIe,!.\Ha eHrJIeCKa HOBHHa nHCaJIa

xep

CJIeno CJIe,!.\HrOBopH

HY 6HO Ha QeJIY EHrnecKe

BeKa, y EH-

,UOCOHOM, J13,!.\aBaQeM J1 HajYTJ1QajHJ1jHM

H ,UOCOH cy CMaTpaJIH

qJIaHQH

3.

He CYMlba

MHJIHOHa HeMaQa

,!.\ace He nOKJIO-

ce, nOQeTKOM TpJ1,!.\eceTJ1X rO,!.\J1Ha XX

ca I,Ioq,pJ1jeM

BeKOM "TajMca':

a,!.\BOKaTa,

y CBOjJ1M cTpa,!.\albJ1Ma, jep

(HJ1MaJIO CJIyqajHo:

KeHayqecTBOBaJIJ1 cy y npe6aQJ1-

HOBQa XJ1TJIepy.

npBJ1 AMepJ1KaHaQ

,!.\p:>KaBe

paca

MJIa,!.\OCTJ1,0,!.\6aQJ10 peJIJ1fH03HJ1

JeBpejJ1H je JeBpejJ1H

J1 rOBOpJ10 ,!.\aoHaj "KO xohe

HeMaQKY,

ca cBojJ1M CaTeJIJ1TJ1Ma 60M6ap,!.\oBaJIa

aHrJIOCaKCOHCKa

y paHoj

y XpJ1lllhaHCTBO.

XeHpJ1 KeJ13MeHJ1TJ1 Ha60Jbe.

)J;eMOKpaTllje" II XHTJIep

,!.\a BJIaAa CBeTOM': XJ1TJIep je, jOlll

Ka,!.\a je AMepJ1Ka

Ha

CBeT jom YBeK HJ1je

Ha-

0J10 je J1 npOTJ1B KapTeJICKOr, rJI06aJIJ1CTJ1QKOr KanJ1TaJIJ13Ma, J1 npOTJ1B KO-

KOjJ1 OBor nYTa

peQJ1 :>KJ1QKOrCBeTJIOCHJ1Ka: "HJ1lllTa

"OnCTaHaK

HJ1KOJIaj je CBJ1M CBojJ1M 6J1heM 6J10 npOTJ1B ",!.\apBJ1HJ1CTJ1QKOr CBeTa':

"HayqHJ1Ke':

CTBOpJ10 HeKaKBY

Jep oneT CTpa,!.\ajy 3a XpJ1CTa, J1 oneT he ce, aKO OCTaHY

y BJIaCTJ1 3JIa. J1 6JIarJ1 oor

MO:>K,!.\ajeCTe

J1 3JIO, J1 J1MeHOBaJIJ1 cy ra. ,UapBJ1H J1M je

- n06el)yjy

pacy.

CBeTY He MO:>KenpaB,!.\aTJ1 OQajalbe je,!.\Hor xpJ1lllhaHJ1Ha:'

cYK06JbaBa!)

JhY,!.\H cy YBeK 6HJIH (O,!.\ na,!.\a A,!.\aMOBor) Cp,!.\HJ1.AJIJ1, 3HaJIJ1 cy lllTa je rpex

BelllTJ1QjeM

je TBp,!.\HO ,!.\a je KanHTaJIHCTHqKa

3HaJIa C KaKBHM ce 3BepHMa

,!.\ao "HayqHo

pot),

BepHJ1 XPJ1CTY, C lhJ1M J1 npOCJIaBJ1TJ1.

CTBOpHO

q,OH,!.\aQHja H ,!.\aJbe,!.\ajy BeJIHKY HOBqaHY nOMoh

yqHHQHMa

CTpa,!.\ajy O,!.\HOB or HaQJ13Ma, KojJ1 MJ1CJIJ1,!.\aje y CBOM "JIOHQY 3a TOnJbelbe"

"nOCTXYMaHY"

H MHO:>KHJIH".

aJIH je O,!.\JIHqaH 3a pacy, jep 06e36el)yje

,,3aKOH npHpo,!.\e

~,

AMepHqKH

KYJIT MHJIOcpl)a" CKpHBaJIH

TBp,!.\HO je ,!.\a 3aKOH KOHKypeHQHje

a je,!.\aH O,!.\POKq,eJIepa

CTHTYT H POKq,eJIepOBa

Haj-

(metting HalllaO

E. A. Poc je TBp,!.\HO ,!.\aje H "peJIHfHjcKH

"CKJIOHHlllTe

3a "OnCTaHaK

XHTJIepa. MHoro

H y Be3Y ca MOHTarjy

Beh

TO lllTO

0 lberOBOM HopMaHoM,

6aHKe - Haj,!,\Y:>Key lbeHoj

ra CKOpO

12

JIHQHOM MarHeTJ1KojH je

,!.\oTa,!.\allllboj

21

rOAM-

HCTOpHjH.

130 OBaj MOtlHWqOBeK 6wo je "HarOHCKW npOHeMaqKW HacTpojeH"

(EH)];pjy EOjlI).

1 ~;

He Tpe6a aa60paBwTw HW BelIWKe Kellie

rOBopM

rp060BM

"Bpnor

HOBor CBeTa': cnyre

CBe HMKonajeBe

KlliMre

orreT he ce llierOBa 60rOMOJba'lKY

rrpOllInOCTM':

BenMKor

6paTa rn06anM3Ma.

(Kao Y Epe,L\6epMjeBoM

rropYKa,

HarraMeT,

rrecMY M KpMnaToM

pOMaHY

O,L\cPQa cPl\Y,

pe'ljy

rrpeHocMTM.

Mp3MTeJba TM'Ie - caMO HeKa pa,L\e CBOj rrocao, ill

MT,L\.). A HMKonaj

Kao oHaj KOjM MMa BnaCT, a He Kao <papMcejM,

y pYKaMa, "Yna3aK

OKpe'leHM J1,L\a crrane

451"),

,,apeHxajT

O,L\YCTa ,L\OYCTa, Kp03 A llITO ce HMKonajeBMx

rrocao

3a KOjM cY rrnaheHM.

KaKO BO,L\M 6aH,L\y pa360jHMKa rr06e,L\HM'lKMX

H3BpraBa

pyrny

rr06e,L\HM'lKa

paTa. KapMKaTypMcTa TpaJbe30M

,,06paha

Kao rroTY'leHH

aHTMTypcKa

KynType

KOanMl\Mja

An6aHl\e

y rrpaBOCnaBJbe",

fOnfOTe

rrMllIe: 'IMMe ce

6anKaHcKor

CBellITeHMKa

y6MjajyhM

KpaJb ITeTap

O,L\prraHL(M ... AHanH3MpajyhM

HOllIlliaMa, y TYPCKY':

M3 ITpBor

EpaHT je rrpe,L\CTaBMO cp6cKor

na caTa. Y ,L\06a an6aHcKe

CBe-

y 6anKaHcKMM

cnOBeHCKMX HOCMnal\a

KaKO MM~

MX CTOTHHY 3a rro-

H llierOBa

BojcKa

l\pTaHM

cy

TaKaB rrorne,L\ Ha Hac M Hallie

I

TMTeJb )KM'IKM

he ce 3a lliMX MonMTM Eory

- ,L\a ce rrpOCBeTne

M ypa3YMe.

rrpMnHKe,

,L\p MHnaH

aYCTpoyrapcKoy paTHHM

Cp6H Kao "paTHH 3JIO'lHHD;H" H CB. HHKOJIaj )J{H'IKH

PHCTOBMh Ka:>Ke: "Ueo

HeMa'lKoj

rrpOrraraH,L\M

rO,L\MHaMa - HaCeJbeH HapO,L\MMa 'lHje

HOCT Ka MyqKMM

y6McTBMMa,

,L\JbHBl\M CTOKe, CMpOMallIHMX Ka,L\a je Cp6CKM HapO,L\ 6MO caBe3HM'IKH PHKY, Bna,L\MKa HHKonaj

HMl\e

EanKaHa

M Cp6e

rn06anMCTM'IKe rrpornaCM

Y CPJ naKllIe

Harra,L\a. Tpe6ano TBe) cp6cKor

3a XereMOHe,

nerHTMMMcanM,

je H3BpllIMTM

,L\a rrpeKpojM

,L\a cy HeKM ,L\pym

,L\06a CBeTCKe KnaHMl\e. a lliHXOBe 60pl\e

Cp6e

(nMllIaBallie

HMKonajy

faBpHna

CTaTyca :>Kp-

M "XaHI,Iap"

caBe3HHl\M,

CTaBMTM rro,L\ cyMlliY

Ha rrpBoM

CBeTCKor paTa, Ka,L\a MY je AYCTPO- YrapCKa jep

HHKonaj

H AycTpMja

ITpe,L\cTaBa EanKaHa

EanKaHcKHx cBojoj

KapMKaType

HaCTaBaK

"UPHM

CBeTCKor ITeTap

y HeMa'lKHM

ITpBor

jyqepallIlliMx

Kp'lMM

rrpallIKoM

rrpoTMB

paTa.

J1cTOpM'Iap

CaTMpM'lHMM

cTepeoTMrra

,L\p MHnaH

pa360jHMl\M':

BallIJbMBOCTM. rrpaBocnaBHM

Cp6M

y

aHanH3MpajyhH

O,L\rrO'leTKa

,L\a cy CTepeoTMrrM

KpaJba rrornaBap

npe

PHCTOBMh,

UpKBe

XX

BeKa

0 HaMa ,L\aHaC Cp6M

"MMporroMa-

cy rrMjaHM rOCTM y 6anKaHcKoj

:>KaH,L\apM,L\aMX 'lYBajy. CBellITeHMK,

rrpeCTOHMl\a

ca Y:>KaCOMoKpeheMO

Hal\MOHanHY

Ha KapMKa-

C KpCTOM M KaH,L\HnOM

MT,L\.). / .. ./

cprrCKor

'nerno

y6Ml\a'."

rnaBY O,L\rrpH30pa

HapO,L\a; HeMa'lKM

CBeCT ,L\enMMa y KojHMa

HapO,L\

je TonMKO

CypOBOCTM, Kao llITO cy yqMHM-

1915, Ka,L\ cy

J1 TO je TBp,L\MO

rrOCTanM je,L\aH O,L\HajoKneBeTaHMjMx

rrJbYHYTH rro Cp6HMa.

e ~apyje Hallioj XpJ1CTOHOCHOj UPKM MCBeMyfIpaBOCnaBJbY BemuKH'lKH

1)opl)eBHh, KojH TBp):lH ):Ia ce CBeTHTelbHMa JIaKHpajy MOllITH (KOMYHHCTJf

HHKOJIaj" Y Kojoj ce HaJIa3e K6eca CBHXCTpaHa npaBO-

cy 6HJIH 6ap BHcnpeHHjH Ka):l cy rOBOpHJIH 0 6aJICaMoBalDY CBeTHX,HaKO je H TO JIa:>K),OCeTH):Iaje HHKOJIaj CBeTaQ, na ):Ia 0 TOMe 06aBeCTH CBeTH Ap-

CJIaBHOr CBeTa, jOllI npe HO llITO je CBeTH 3BaHH'lHO yneT Y KaJIeH):Iap. Ha

xHjepejcKH Ca60p H CBOjy JIaTHHOMHCJIehyQeHTpaJIY? MJIH ):IaI,IejMc JIajoH

nO'leTKOM 2003, AH-

H3 Mel)YHapO):lHe KpH3He rpyne, cKyna ca COlDOM BHcepKo, 3aneBa Tponap

CHMnOCHOHY0 CBeTOM HHKOJIajy, O):lp:>KaHOM y)KH'lH

):Ipej llIecTaKoB H3 MocKBe je nOTBp):lHO):Iaje OHy PYCHjH OMHlbeH 60rOCJIOB,

CBeTOM HHKOJIajy )KH'lKOM? HallI ApxHjepejcKH

a ):IaH HajBehH nO):lBH:>KHHQH caBpeMeHe PycHje BOJIeH 'lHTajy CBeTor HHKO-

HHje HH nOMHllIlbao

JIaja )KH'lKOF. "OH je 3a CBe Hac CBETM BJIa):lHKa HHKOJIaj, H y TO HHKO He

CBeTJIO"na ):IaY'lHHH OHOllITO Bor 6JIarOCHlba.

CYMlDa",Ka:>KellIecTaKoB npe ca60pCKe KaHOHH3aQHje. Y npaBOCJIaBHoj AMeI

149

PHQH, BJIa):lHKHHIlpoJIor

Ha eHrneCKOM je):lHO je 0):1HajoMHlbeHHjHx llITHBa.

MOHaxHlDa Ha3apJfja, H3 MaHaCTHpa CBeTor IlajcHja

BeJIH'lKOBCKOr,pol)eHa

AMepHKaHKa, HanHCaJIa je BJIa):lHKH CTHXHpe y KojHMa ra npOCJIaBlba Kao HOBor "AnOCTOJIa H IlponoBe):lHHKa':

"xpa6por

paTHHKa Be'lHOCTH': "MJfJIOr

Ca60p, XBaJIa Bory, HHKa,lJ,

Ha TaKBe "MY):lpaQe': HHTH je 'leKaO lDHXOBO ,,3eJIeHO

HHKOJIaj je KOHTpOBep3Ha JIH'lHOCT, Ka:>KY1)opl)eBHh H CJIH'lHHlDeMY· HapaBHO! focno):l lDerOB, Mcyc XpHCTOC, jOllI je KOHTpOBep3HHja JIH'lHOCT, H TaKO je 0 lheMY, CnaCHTelbY CBHX KOjH TO :>KeJIe,npopOKOBao H CBeTH CHMeOH BoronpHMaQ, Y3eBllIH fa Kao o):loj'le Ha cBoje CTapa'lKe pYKe H peKaBllIH: "EBO ra oBaj JIe:>KH):Ia 060PH Jf nO,lJ,HfHe MHore y M3paHlbY, H ,lJ,a

OQa CHpO'la):lH H MCQeJIHTelbaHanaheHHx ):Iyma': HT):I.paHQYCKH60rOCJIOB

6Y):le 3HAK

)KaH KJIO):lJIapllIe, je):laH 0):1Haj60lbHx npaBOCJIaBHHX TeOJIOraHa caBpeMe-

npenOpe'lHH,

HOM3ana):ly, Ka:>Ke):la"KacHjaHa" HlDeH "CTOCJIOB0 lby6aBH" cTaBlbajy HHKOJIaja y pe):l OTaQa U;pKBe, nope):l CBeTor MaKCHMa MCnOBe):lHHKa(CBeTH To-

XpHCTY? TaJIMY):l fa je Ha3HBao "CHHOM 6JIY):lHHQe': KopaH npopoKoM MalDHM 0):1MyxaMe):la, OKYJITHCTHcy TBp):lHJIH ):Ia je Mamjy Y'lHO y MH):IHjH, a

BaH llIaHrajcKJf

BorocJIoBoM). Kao

KOMynHcTH ):IaHHje HH nocTojao. IlIKoJIa ,,6H6JIHjcKe KpHTHKe" je YCTBp):lHJIa

CBeQara nOllITyjy Jf y fp'lKOj. Kao CBeQara je nOllITOBao H je):laH 0):1HajBehHx

):Iacy anOCTOJIH"XaJIyQHHHpaJIH" lherOBO BacKpcelDe, a EpJiX KYTOj MOHapxHjH", HCKa3aHHX y TeKCTY ",Ua JIH je 6HJIO KOpHCHO paCnap'laBalDe AYCTpHje / CnOlbtba CTpaHa HOCTaJIfHje" (",UaHac': 4-5. MapT 2000). Y TOMCBOMorne):ly, 1)opl)eBHh, KOjH je cBojeBpeMeHO HMao pa3YMeBalDa H 3a CTenHHQa, HMa pa3YMeBalDa H 3a xa636ypllIKY

"TaMHHQY HapO):la".

M3Mel)y OCTaJIor, BeJIH: "ApXHTeKTH MO):lepHeEpone Tpa:>Ke'MO):leJI',OH HHje

150

, "." •....

HeKa.n;aIlllbH

aYCTpHjCKH,

H4Jl.\HOHaJIHOr npHHQHna. TY HeCYMlbHBY

jOlli

BHIlle

KaHCKH 'CYBepeHHTeTH' H Y3ajaMHor

too.! HHje

Kpaj

CBHX MaHa, CTapa je MOHapxHja

BpJIHHY. AKO ce .n;aHac KJIaCHqHH

.n;OBO.n;HY nHTalbe,

Mp)l(lbe

aJIH Ha.n;e HMa aKO ce OH 6y.n;e Tpa)l(HO Y cMepy

HapaBHO,

HHja HOCTaJIrHja

KOjH ce rno)l(e

HerHpalba,

H oncTajy

CaBeTY

EBpone,

MajKY

- QapHQY

.n;o lbeHor

)l(aBHH

y TY)l(Hoj

und

"K

"llIapeHa

)l(ypHaJIHCTHKa,

y.n;aHaompaTHo

je .n;a 1)opl)eBHh

6HpoKpaTHja,

HHKOJIaj

K" MOHapxHjH

rOBopHO

qHP o.n; JIa)l(H. lheHa

xpHIllhaHCTBa,

MOHapxHjy,

Kao "nYIllaqa"

Qeo .n;p-

a MO)l(.n;a H3BeCHO BpeMe H Kao enHCKon.

HOCTH. ,UYBaH je CMaTpaH 3a HelliTO nonYT

npenopyqyje

J1rHaTHja

EpjaHqaHHHOBa

OMeTajy

He 0 lberoBoj

6ypMYT

caBpeMeHoM

.n;a nYlliH. nyrnelba,

OH BeJIH .n;ay lbHX He Tpe6a

IllTeT-

.n;a TO He qHHe y xpaMY

Y lberoBoj

OCTaBIllTHHH

a y npaBHJIHMa

npHMaTH

Be-

MOHaIllTBY':

(.n;aKJIe, OBO ce HHje CMaTpaJIO rpeXOM).

BJIa.n;HKa npecTaje

qJIaHQH H3 HOBHHa 0 IllTeTHOCTH MaHaCTHpe

Y TO BpeMe, 0

Ka¢e. Y .n;eJIYPYCKor CBeQa XIX

",UonpHHoc

ce MOHaCHMa KOjH IllMpqy

6YKY H.n;pyre

je, MeI)YTHM,

peqeHO,

THqe, BJIa.n;HKa HHKOJIaj jeCTe nYlliHo

.n;YBaHY ce HHje 3HaJIO OHO IllTO ce 3Ha ca.n;a, a norOTOBO

Ka, CBeTor

Haj6JIa)l(e

HaQHCTHqKO rnynaQHMa. raBpHJIa

jep

H BJIa.n;HKY HHKOJIaja

Kao 60PQe 3a EBpony

nJIYTOKpaTHje

EHmeCKe

JIYQHjy. Y Cp6HjH cnpeMHO cp6CKor

naTpHjapxa

TH Cp6e

npOTHB

y pYllielbY

.n;aH H HeOMeTaH ce raBpHJIO Tpe6H

OTnop,

CTABlbEHJ1

CY IIO,U

Tpe6aJIo

je Ka3HHTH 3a yqeIllhe nyqHcTHMa.

HEMAqKY

CTPA)KY

J1 OHH cy ,UO KPAJA

pa.n;. Y MeI)YBpeMeHY,

3a CJI060-

nOKYlliaBaJIO

ce .n;a

npHBOJIe Ha capa.n;lbY, H.n;a ce lbHXOB yrJIe.n; (3JIo)yno-

nOBOJbHOM, npaBQY.

paJIH QPKBe Koje cy JIelbHH

COBjeTcKor

CaBe3a Koje cy OCBOjHJIH, OTBa-

H CTaJbHH 3aTBOpHJIH,

Ma CJIY)l(HJIO CJIY)l(6y. THMe cy ce npe.n;CTaBHJIH

CTerHYT

Cp6HMa

HJIH MyqHTH

3Ha~IJ1JIO 6H 3aYBeK pa3japH-

H y no.n;pIllQH

apXHnaCTHpCKH

H HHKOJIaj

OKO UpKBe

a CBeIllTeHCTBO

Kao 60PQH

je y lbH-

3a xpHIllhaHCKe

OCTaJIOr, HaBeJIO H CTaJbHHa .n;arB03.n;eHH 06pyq

MaJIO OJIa6aBH,

CBeIllTeHHKa

H3 JIoropa.

H .n;a nOqHe

ca OTBapalbeM

OHO IllTO cy HeMQH

6MJIO je MCTO: MH CMO xpHIllhaHM,

6eHHQM, y Cp6Mjy

CTaHOBHHIllTBO,

o.n; CBHX CBOjHX .n;y)l(HOCTH H 6e3 MoryhHOCTH

Bpe.n;HOCTH, IllTO je, H3Mel)y

2003.

pacnOJIO)l(eHO

enHCKona

H HHKOJIaja

HeMQH cy, Ha TepHTopHjaMa

BpahalbeM

COBjeTcKor

KOjH ce YCKOPO H jaBHO. Y6HTH

ce6e. raBpHJIa

y, 3a HeMQe

60JbIlleBH3Ma

H OCTaJIHM Hapo.n;HMa .n;OHece CJI060.n;y

H HajyrJIe.n;HHjer

o.n;CTpalbeHH

lbHXOB QHJb je 6HO .n;a ce6e

H .n;acBy.n;a r.n;e .n;ol)y cnpOBo.n;e HaQHOHaJIHY peBO-

BJIa.n;e UBeTKOBHh-MaqeK

6HJIH Ka)l(lbeHH:

Kao IllTO

6eca". Y Cp6H-

KYJITYPY npOTHB jy.n;eOMaCOHCKe

cy 3aTeKJIH HenpHjaTeJbCKH

Ha opY)l(aHH

"TeBTOHCKor

H BapBapCKor

OHH cy TBp.n;HJIH.n;a Cp6HMa

o.n;.n;OTa.n;aIlllber ponCTBa,

aJIH HHje peq 0

OHH naTpHjapxa

HH npeMJIahHBaJIH

npOCTOpHMa,

H eBponCKY

H AMepHKe

KaCHH-

KOjH nyrne.

HHCY HH y6HJIH,

aHOHHMHHX )l(pTaBa

jH, Kao H Ha .n;pyrHM oKynHpaHHM npHKa)l(Y

jecTe 6HJIO 3JIOqHHaqKO,

cy 6HJIH 3JIH, aJIH HHCY 6HJIH mynH.

nocToje

3a 6y.n;yhe cp6cKe

HCKYIlleHHKe

JIB je TO CBeTOCT?

BOI)CTBO HeMaqKe

HaQHCTH

cy TO qHHHJIH ca MHOlliTBOM

PATA,

A IllTO ce HHKOJIaja Kao MJIa.n;jepoMoHax,

Xa636YPIllKY

,1J;a

CaBe3a. He

CHCTeM, CBe JIa)l(, JIa)l(. OHa je JIa)l( H OTaQ CBHjy JIa)l(H Koje cy ce y

EBponH qYJIe 0 HaMa:' HHje BOJIeo.

npaBe

cJI060.n;e.

je CBa cnOJna Kao BaIllapCKa

HO r.n;e je ro.n; npCTOM .n;OXBaTHTe, TY npOBaJIH lbeHa

nOBOpl.\H

.n;OMa. JacHo

MO)l(e BOJIeTH qOBeKa KOjH je 0 lbeMY .n;paroj

.n;HnJIOMaTHja,

Me.n;HjeBaJIHe

rpal)aHcKe

je.n;Hor OTa Xa636ypra

1989.

BeqHOr

Y CBOjOj 6ece.n;H "AYCTpHja-MaCKa": IllaTpa,

Y aTMoc¢epH

MaJIH 6aJI-

HeKH rOTOB 'Mo.n;eJI', aJIH H CBe npHCYT-

KOjH je ro.n;HHe

3HTY

CYBepeHHTeTa

.n;aje HMaJIa Bpe.n;HOCTH Koje ce MOry Ha.n;rpal)HBaTH

A TO cy Beh H.n;eje, peQHMO,

IlllbeM

npHHQHn

151

noce.n;OBaJIa

.n;a ce .n;OBe.n;yY nHTalbe

6e3 HKaKBHX npOCTopa

CTapa MOHapxHja

rOBopH

H .n;orpaI)HBaTH:'

je pa3JIOr

Ha.n;-

;

xpaMOBa

H

XTeJIH .n;a nOKa)l(y

a KOMYHHCTH, CTaJbMHOBH CJIe.n;-

he .n;OHeTH aTeHCTMqKO ponCTBO.

AJIM, raBpMJIO M HMKOJIaj ce HHCY KOJIe6aJIM. OHO IllTO cy OHM npe)l(HBeJIM, hM, HMje MyqEHJ111ITBO, BE,UHJ111ITBO,

y TepMHHOJIOlliKH

Kao npOJIMBalbe

CTpa.n;albe 3a XpMCTa

Ka)l(e 0 McnoBe.n;HHQMMa

Koje He 3aBpIllaBa

y TeKcTY MHTpOnOJIHTa

npe.n;ce.n;HMKa KOMMcMje 3a KaHoHH3aQMjy je; TO cy "Jby.n;M KOjH cy 3a XpMCTa YTAMHJ1QElhE

J1 IIPOrOHCTBO,

npeTpneJIH

313.

paCKOJIHHQH

ro.n;MHe) MCBeTH y n03HHja

PycKe UpKBe,

Myqelba

(peQMMO,

JYBeHaJIMja,

H CTpa.n;alba

MyqMJIH (npe

CB. MaKCMM

J1CIIO-

EBO IllTa ce

naTpMjapIllM-

aJIH KOjH HHCY MyqeHMqKM

Koje cy 3a IIpaBOCJIaBJbe

BpeMeHa

Hero

CMphy.

CBeTHX MOcKoBcKe

JIM. OB.n;e YJIa3e CBH HcnOBe.n;HMQH, Koje cy naraHH e.n;MKTa

YCKOM CMMCJIY rOBope-

KPBM 3a XpMCTa,

MJIM

nOCTpa.n;aMMJIaHCKOr

rOHHJIH jepeTMQH

H

J1cnOBe.n;HMK, KOjM

153

152

ill i

je YMPO 622. rO~V1He):' Y peqHHKY Hallier je3HKa, Y H3AalhY MaTHQe cpncKe

7. BpnHHcKH, npaBeAHH H CBeTH)KHBOT,KOjH HHje YBeK nOTBpljeH qYAO-

1969. rOAHHe, nOA "MyqeHHK" nHIlIe OBO: "OHaj KOjH ce MyqH, KojH MHoro

TBOpCTBOM(TaKO cy npOCnaBJbaHH 6naroBepHH KHe)KeBH H KHerHlhe H HeKH

TpnH H naTH (36or 60neCTH, HeMaIlITHHe, CBojHX HnH onUITeHapOAHHX HAea-

npenoA06HH).

na H cn.), naTHHK I...!; 2. oHaj KOjH je MyqeH H y6HjeH 360r Bepe; KOjH yonIlITe )KHBOT nOnO)KH 3a BHCOKeHAeane:' A rnaron "MyqHTH" 3HaqH: ,,3aAaBaTH,

lliTOBalhe HCTor y HapoAY, JOIlI H 3a )KHBOTa. Ilo CMpTH nOABH)KHHKa, XpH-

npHqHlhaBaTH MYKY (TenecHY HnH AyrneBHY); npHCHJbaBaTH Ha Hanop, TeIlIKone, TpYAHTH; AocaljHBaTH, Y3HeMHpaBaTH':

I...!

8. HepeTKo je CBeAOqaHCTBO0 CBeTOCTHnOABH)KHHKa 6Hno BenHKO noIlInaHH KojH cy ra nOIlITOBanH CaCTaBJbanHcy MY cnY)K6y, Tponap H KOHAaK, cnHKanH HKOHY H nHcanH )KHTHje. Y OCHOBHTaKBor nOIlITOBalha TaKolje je H3BeCHa HaTnpHpOAHa nOMon OA nOKojHor nOABH)KHHKa, na HnaK, y OACY-

,UaKne, QPKBeHoM TepMHHonomjoM rOBopenH, CBeTH HHKonaj )KHqKH je J1CIlOBE,UHJ1K Bepe, jep je 360r IlPABOCJIABHOr CXBATAIbA

CTBY3anHca 0 TaKBHM qYAHMa, U;pKBa je Morna Aa KaHoHH3yje nOABH)KHHKa

Ap)KaBe H HapoAa, cn060Ae JbYAcKe H oTaI,I6HHCKe, 6HO YTaMHHqeH OA HA-

Ha OCHOBYBenHKor HapOAHor nOIlITOBalha:'

U;J1CTWIKJ1X

IlArAHA.

llITO ce ceMaHTHKe peqH "MyqeHHK" Y Cp6CKOM

je3HKY THqe, OHje H MYQEHJ1K H onIlITeHapoAHHx pe. IlpeTpneo

- jep ce MHoro MyqHO H namo,

je MyqeHHIlITBo jep cy MY HeMQH 3aAaBanH MYKe, npe CBera

AyrneBHe, y6HjajynH

cy ra AocaljyjynH

Hero H Apyre nOMeCHe U;pKBe) BepOBana je y lherOBO cnY)Kelhe nponOBeAH EBaHljeJba, 3Hana 3a HcnOBeAHHIlITBO npeA HaQHCTHMa,qYAa yqHlheHa lheroBHM MonHTBaMa (HeKa OA lhHX 3anHcaHa - peQHMO, y KlhH3H "Be3 Bora HH

H yqeIlIne Y )KHBOTY U;pKBe.

npeKo npara" (BeorpaA, 2005), a HeKa He3anHcaHa), 3a Y3BHIlIeHocT lherOBe enHCKonCKe cnY)K6e (HajoMHJbeHHjH Cp6CKH BnaAHKa 20. BeKa), BenHKe 3a-

MY CBOjHM npeAn03HMa 3a capaAlhY H npHCHJba-

cnyre 3a U;PKBY H HapoA ("HOBH 3naToycT': "Tpena cp6cKa apMHja" y IlpBOM

lherOB HapOA H OAY3HMajynJ1 MY "paBO Ha cn060AY H

ynpaBJbalhe enapxHjoM, peAoBHa 60rocnY)Kelha MyqHnH

360r CBOjUX

HAeana, 6HO MyqeH (3nOCTaBJbaH- YTaMHHqeH) 360r Be-

CBe OBe KpHTepHjYMe HHKonaj je HcnYHHO: U;pKBa (He caMO Cp6CKa,

BajynH ra Ha Hanope KojH HHCY 6HnH y CKnaAY ca CTalheM lherOBor 3ApaBJba (H3HOIlIelhe KH6ne y ,Uaxay, nOIlIa HcxpaHa, HTA.).

CBeTCKOMpaTY), npaBeAHH )KHBOT, Kao H orpoMHo

J1 Aa Ka)KeMOJOIlI HeIlITO 0 KpHTepHjYMHMa 3a KaHOHH3aQHjy y IlpaBOcnaBHoj U;pKBH. MHtpononHT JYBeHanHje BenH:

caHAPOBaqKoj, y xpaMY nOAHrHYToM HenocpeAHo

(jOIlI 3a )KHBOTa cy ra CTaBJbanH Ha KJ10.n;a MY je nornaBHHK

peKao

KpB 6pahe

Kal'OnJ1lJaHCTBO.

Cp6a,

lllTO

npJ1Mehyje

6J1 ce MO:>K.n;aJ1 Morne

l)aKoH

AH.n;pej

KypajeB,

60rocnoBcKe

.n;oKTpJ1He

ycarnaCJ1TJ1 Ha HeKJ1M KOMJ1CJ1jaMa, anJ1 - lllTa

ca J1.n;eanJ1Ma CBeTOCTJ1 llpaBOCnaBJba

3ana.n; J1 MCTOK cje.n;J1HJ1nJ1,OH.n;a 6J1 y KaneH.n;apy

6J1nJ1 J1 "Bna:>KeHJ1"

3J1je J1 CBeTJ1 llnaTOH

MBaH llaBao

BalbanyqKJ1

heMo

J1 pJ1MOKaTOnJ1l.\J13Ma? Jep, Ka.n; 6J1 ce

... HaJ1Me, nana

Anoj-

II je 3a CBora

nOHTJ1KHH JIeKap, 0):\

1841.

ca 'po1)eHHM

Cp6HMa',

Cp6a'

na CY 6e3 CMeTIbH

H ):\PY1IITBeHOM :>KHBOTY. Kao BOjHH, a nOTOM

rO):\HHe Y Cp6HjH

je no pa3HHM

MeCTHMa pa):\Ho

H3 BpllIQa

npelliao

Bepy H no):\ HOBHM HMeHOM JOBaH TIeTpoBHo

Ha npaBOCJIaBHY

CTao Majop

H 3aje):\Ho

ca CBOjHM CHHOBHMa BYKallIHHoM,

TpOM 6HO Me1)y HajyrJIe):\HHjHM Y KparyjeBa'lKoj llIJIe3HHrep,

BojHOj

Koj nOJbCKoj 60JIHHQH

cpncKor

APHHCKOM,

1876.

y paTY

H OKPY:>KHHM rpa):\oBHMa

0):\

Kopnycy

JocH<Pa

H aJIeKCHHa'l-

rO):\HHe JIeKapH H anoTeKapH

1881.

BeKa.

je ):\OKTOp XepMaH

KHe:>KeBCKOr KaneJIHHKa

MopaBcKoM

noH TIe-

):\pyre nOJIOBHHe XIX

H, Ha 'IeJIY ca yrJIe):\HHM

TIoncoM,

Cp6HH'

HHKOJIOM

rO):\HHe pa):\Ho

Ha ):\eceTHHe IbHX CJIY:>KHJIOje H KacHHje

):\OKTOpOM CaMYHJIOM KapcKor

1849.

rap):\HjcKor

Y THMo'lKOM,

Ko1)e JeBpejH.

JbY):\HMa y Cp6HjH

60JIHHQH

CHH npBor

llIne3HHrepa.

KOjH je Kao 'npHpo1)eHH

1852.

):\OKTOp JOCH
KaBHH 'IHHOBHHK,

KapHjepy

rO):\HHe. IheroB

JIOc0Ke TIaJIaBe-

Bepe' y jaBHH

EOt ttY8a Cp6ujy

360r

Koje je H3ry6HO

TIpBHM

KIbH:>KeBHHM pa):\oBHMa

KpajeM

XX

BeKa OrnaCHJIH

C. AaBH'Io cpncKoM

0):\ Kora

je3HKY. XajHM

rOBa cynpyra

'OTaI,J6HHH'.

1894.

KIbH:>KeBHHKa XajHMa

nO'leTKY

KIbH:>KeBHHK TIepa

KJIy6a

AaBH'Ia,

CnHCaTeJbKa y 'EpaHKoBoM

'CpncKo-jeBpejcKa

ApY1IITBeHoM ):\ao je Xyro

nOCJIaHHKa

H ):\pyrH

HenoY3):\aHHM

H QHOHHCTHqKH

:>KHBOTY Eeorpa):\a

rpyna

jeBpejcKHx

ca llInaHCKor

AaBHqO,

H cKynJbaq

KYJITypHH

H jaBHH pa):\HH-

CTaTHCTH'IKHM

no):\aQHMa,

HaBeJIa je cpncKH

"JeBpejcKH

rnacHHK"

Ha Kao

1909-1910.

OHPHJIHQOM. KpajeM

EYJIH, CHH HMyoHor EYJIHja.

KOJIY' H

KIbH:>KeBHa 3aje):\-

ce<pap):\a, 3aTHM HOBHHap H a):\BOKaT JOBaH

je3HKY, llITaMnaH

EeHQHoHa

y cpncKoj

cy 6HJIH a):\BOKaT EeHKo

npeBo):\HJIaQ

Ha

KIbH:>KeB-

jeBpejcKa

C. TaJIeToB

TIpeMa

qaKje

H3JIa3HO Ha cpncKoM

cpncKor

06jaBJbHBaJIa

Me1)y KojHMa

H XajHM

nHcaQa

y):\pY:>Kelba 6HJIa je H Ibe-

XX BeKa rOTOBO nOJIOBHHa JeBpeja y Cp6HjH

cBoj MaTep1bHje3HK.

npHHoc

npBor

rO):\HHe, ):\eJIOBaJIa je MellIOBHTa

HHTeJIeKTyaJIaQa

Eeorpa):\a.

llITaMnH

JOBaH MaH):\HJI

KIbH:>KeBHOCT jeBpejcKHx

npBa

Moj-

poncTBY.

6HO je 6JIarajHHK

pa):\oBe

OKO npOCBeTHOr

HHQa', OCHOBaHor

6paT

je cBoje

'Cp6a

je 6pOllIYPY

:>KHBOT Y 6yrapcKoM

rO):\HHe. Me1)y 'IJIaHOBHMa

JeJIeHa JIeJIa AaBH'Io,

KIbH:>KeBHOCTH Koja

HanHcao

je3HKY y 6eorpa):\cKoj

03epoBHo,

Mo):\epHa

AaBHqO

1892.

Ha cpncKoM

cy ce ABpaM

nO'lHlbe

HHqKOr y):\pY:>Kelba

y BpeMe paToBa

llIKO-

uoc8eneHuM

8epe 1897. 3aJIaraO ce 3a YKJIanalbe

:>KHBOT Cp6Hje;

(1915)

JeBpejHMa

y cBOjHM EecegaMa

fJIaCOBHT Kao rOBopHHK,

CpuClwj OMllaguHu Mojcuje8e cHjeBe

HaH):\HJI,

Tpa):\HQHOHaJI-

H rpa1)eBHHcKe

cy yqecTBOBaJIH

QH Ta):\allIlber

y HOBH rpa1)aHcKH

na cy cBoja

XX

6aHKaMa

JeBpejH

YCTaHOBa

yp6a-

yqecTBo-

H CpncKo-jeBpejcKe

H nO'leTKOM

H y Cp6CKOj KYJITypH.

Ca-

1893.

cTpa:

H npOMY-

ca CTe'leHHM

Tj.

Kao aKQHoHapH

nOCJIOBe KO):\ YB03a KanHTaJIa,

KeHHM npaBOCY):\HHM

nYHe rpa1)aHcKe

TprOBa'lKe

cy

a):\BOKaTH,

MeCTa y TprOBa'lKHM

):\eJIOM CBor KanHTaJIa

y HHllIY.

aKQHja

BpeMeHOM

'IHHOBHHQH,

npH YB03Y H H3B03Y p06a,

AaBH):\ AJIKaJIaj

Eeorpa):\cKe

3a):\pyre

3HaTaH 6poj

H Melba'lH,

H nocTajaJIH

rO):\HHe OTBOpHO je y Eeorpa):\y

BaJIH y oCHHBalbY TprOBa'lKe

nocpe):\HHQH

nocpe):\HHQH

MO neT rO):\HHa nOCJIe CTHQalba

H cpncKHx

Bpe):\e:

TprOBQH,

cBoja 3aHHMalba

3a):\p:>KaBajYOH H ):\aJbe npBa

JIOBaHHM y Cp6HjH.

3ana:>KeHY nOJIHTH'IKY

1888.

165

HOCa'lH,

):\PY1IITBa. AOKTOp EepHap):\ EpHJI 6HO je ):\BOpCKH JIeKap nOCJIe):\IbHX

Hapo):\HH nOCJIaHHK H ):\yroro):\HllIIbH

0YPHH

.~,

JIeKapOM

rO):\HHe 6HJIH 'IJIaHOBH CpncKor

06peHoBHoa.

a 0):\

1

1895.

6eorpa):\cKor

M3 llIBajQapcKe,

rO):\HHe je):\HHcTBeH 6aHKapa

):\0-

H Hapo):\Hor

r):\e je 6HO Ha llIKOJIOBaIbY,

166 Xyro EynH AOHeo je y Cp6Hjy rrpBY KHMa, HHje)l;aH llorop CMpTH 3a JeBpeje HHje nO)l;HrHYT, HHTH je HKaKBHM ynpaBJbaHO H npaKTH'lHO HHKa(O)l; OBor pe:>KHMa). CBe TO 6HllO je yqHlbeHo

cy y6HllH H

KOHcpHHoa H Y3ellH MY llIeCTO )l;YKa-

6aBHo y KeH 3a KacHHje, OCTallO je )l;a ce Ca'leKa Hapel)elhe

C )l;HeBHHQOM y jeBpejcKor

:>KHBJba

KOMecapHjaTa

y TOM

CMHCllY·

11. MapTa o. r. )l;06HO caM TellecpoHoM Hapel)elhe

JallIa AllMYllH

r. IIaHHQe, )l;a JeBpejH rpa)l;a IIHpoTa

18.11. 1993.

H3jYTpa. II. J13BPIIIElhE:

Tpe6a

O)l;r. KOMecapa, npeKo

)l;a 6Y)l;y yxanllIeHH

12. MapTa

C )l;elleraTOM r. IIonOBOM yrOBOpHllH CMO TeXHH'lKe nO)l;p06HOCTH 3a xanllIelhe, jep ce HCTor )l;aHa, 11. MapTa, o)l;p:>KaBalla KOHcpepeHQHja Y3 yqellIhe r. )l;elleraTa, r. KMeTa, lherOBOr 3aMeHHKa H nOllHQHjcKor Ha'lellHHKa,

ByrapcKII ~amIlCTII II npOrOH JeBpeja JOllI 1885, Ka)l; cy ynallH y HOBOOcll060l)eHe cp6cKe KpajeBe, EyrapH cy y)l;apHllH Ha nHpoTcKe JeBpeje, Kao "npHjaTeJbe Cp6a': EyrapcKH KHe3 AlleK-

r)l;e je oBaj nOClle)l;IhH npHMHo Hallor 3a xanllIelhe no cneQHjallHo npHnpeMJbeHHM cnHCKOBHMa. TaKol)e caM caCTaBHO cneQHjallHe nHCMeHe HHCTPYK-

CaH)l;ap EaTeH6epr

QHje, no KojHMa je Tpe6allo

npeTyqeH

ycellHo ce y Kyhy JeBpejHHa ApoHa

Pa6eHa,

KOjH je 6HO

3aTO llITO HHje XTeo )l;a YKllOHH HaTnHC "fOCTHOHHQa KO)l;cpnCKor

KpaJba': 0)l;6HO je )l;a CKllOHH H CllHKY KpaJba MHllaHa, llITO je H3a3BallO jOllI

BpllIHTH xanllIelhe

llHQa H ne'lahelhe

O)l;llyqeHo je Aa npBe H clle)l;ehe HohH nOClle xanllIelha y jeBpejcKoM

KBapTY 6Y)l;e noja'laHa

naTpollaMa

CTaHOBa.

nOllHQHjcKa CTpa:>Ka

H naTpollHHM

)l;BojKaMa.

•

182 O~pel)eHa

je KOMHcHja 3a neqahelbe

CTaHOBa y clIe~eheM

CaCTaBY: r. HHKO-

1I0B, nOpeCKH HaqelIHHK, r. MlIHjeB, OKPY)I(HH arpOHOM H r. HHKOlIOB, ceKpeTap OKpY)I(He ynpaBe, ca ~Ba nOlIHl.\ajQa. TaKol)e je o~pel)eHa napa

H ~parOQeHOCTH,

KOMecapHjaTa

KOMHcHja 3a 06aBJbalbe

npeTpeca

H onHC 0~Y3eTHX

H TO Y caCTaBY: XpHCTO EaKapI,IHjeB, npe~CTaBHHK

3a jeBpejcKa

nHTalba;

r. AHTOHOB, ceKpeTap

OmIITHHe

H r.

1 ~Y.

183 ~O 4 rO~HHe o~ 4 ~o 10 rO~HHa o~ 10 ~o 21 rO~HHe H3Ha~ 21 rO~HHe IIoclIe

o~Bol)elba

4; 12; 30; 112.

6HlIH cy YXBaheHH ECTep Mop~exaj

ABpaM ca ~Boje

~eQe H JOIlI je~Ha )l(eHa, npHlIHKoM nOKYIlIaja ~a ce caKpHjy Ha nYTY 3a CKO-

HHKOlIOB, nOMohHHK nOlIHQHjcKor HaqelIHHKa; TPH nOlIHQajQa 3a BpIlIelbe

nJbe, Te cy OHH o~Be~eHH y CKOnJbe H BepoBaTHo TpaHcnopToBaHH

npeTpeca H ~Be qHHOBHHQe H3 OKpY)I(He ynpaBe, MJbeHH 3a H3BpIlIelbe 3a~aTKa.

rpynoM. JIHKBH~aQHjy nOKpeTHe HMOBHHeHCeJbeHHX JeBpeja 06aBHlIa je KOMHCH-

CBH cneQHjalIHo

12. MapTa y 6 caTH H3jYTpa H3BpIlIeHo je xanIlIelbe,

npHnpe-

C ~pyrOM

nOlIHQHje. 3a cBaKY Kyhy 6HO je o~pel)eH no je~aH nOlIHQajaQ, KojH je ~06HO

ja Kojy je o~pe~Ho ~elIeraT, y clIe~eheM cacTaBY: npe~ce~HHK - r. HHKOlIOB, nopecKH HaqelIHHK, H qlIaHOBH - r. EalIa6aHoB, nOMohHHK KMeTa H r. CToja-

no~p06He

HOB, nOMohHHK OKpY)l(Hor nOlIHQHjcKor HaqelIHHKa. HaKHa~HO je y caCTaB

IlITO je 6HO 3a~aTaK

no~aTKe 0 cacTaBY QelIe nopo~HQe.

YxanIlIeHe cy H CBe nopo~HQe H3 Coqmje ~OCeJbeHHX JeBpeja, Koje cy ce HalIa3HlIe y rpa~y, Mel)y IbHMa H lIeKapH JeBpejH, KOjH cy ~06HlIH 3a~aTaK ~a

KOMHcHje yrnao H r. KOIlIeB, OKPY)l(HH KOMecap 3a cHa6~eBalbe.

ce cTapajy 3a caHHTeTCKH nperlIe~

Cp6HH EO)l(H~ap 3~paBKOBHh, 3BaHH EO)l(a MaQKO, KOjHje cnacao

IIpH npeTpecy

yxanIlIeHHx.

/ .. ./

H3BpIlIeHoM Ha~ yxanIlIeHHMa

cYMa o~ 388.647 lIeBa H ~paroQeHocTH;

y lIorOpy, 6HlIa je 0~Y3eTa

CBeje no~p06HO

onHcaHO y cneQHjalI-

Je~aH O~ OHHX KOjH HHCY yxanIlIeHH CKor npHBpeMeHor nHcao:

"f. EO)l(H~ap

1I0ropa

/ .. ./"

6HO je JIeoH CH~, Kora je caKpHO H3 6yrap-

H ~eTe nHpOTCKor CY~Hje MOIlIe JIeBHja. CH~ je

3~paBKOBHh je MHoro yqHHHO H KpHO MeHe H )l(eHY MOjy

HOM npoToKolIY, CaCTaBJbeHOM y TPH npHMepKa, Te cy nape H ~paroQeHocTH

3a BpeMe ~OK CMOce KpHlIH y IIHPOTY Y YHYTpaIlIIbOCTH EyrapcKe,

JOIlI HCTor ~aHa YHeTe y EyrapcKY Hapo~HY 6aHKY y IIHPOTY ... HaKHa~Ho je y nOlIHQHjH npHlIHKoM npeTpeca Hal)eHo JOIlI 21.456 lIeBa,Je~aH 31IaTaH "Ha-

Hcnpe~

nOlIeoH" H OKO2 rpaMa 31IaTHHXnlIOqHQa, Koje cy TaKol)e npe~aTe

npeIlIlIH TypCKY rpaHHQY, HajpeBHocHHje ce CTapao 0 HaMa. MCTO TaKO cy Hac 06HlIHO nOMaralIH MO)l(e ce pehH CBH Cp6H - IIHpohaHQH, jep je QelIH

Hapo~Hoj

6aHQH, Ha HMe KOMecapa 3a jeBpejcKa

nHTalba,

EyrapcKoj

Kao H nOTBp~a C

npHlIO)l(eHHM ~OKa3HHM ~oKYMeHToM. MCTora ~aHa, 12. MapTa, cneQHjalIHa KOMHcHja H3BpIlIHlIa je 3aneqahHBalbe

CTaHOBa H jeBpejcKe

onIlITHHe.

YxanIlIeHH JeBpejH 6HlIH cy CMeIlITeHH y 3rpa~H IlIKOlIe, r~e cy npeTxo~HO 06aBJbeHe HeonXO~He npHnpeMe. Ha HacTojalbe

OKpY)l(Hor lIeKapa, 6HlIO je ynyheHo

601IecHHKa, npBeHcTBeHo CMOTPY·

y 601IHHQY qempH

BeOMa cTapHx JeBpeja, KOjH cy CTaBJbeHH no~ npH-

CTpa)l(Y y lIorOpy BpIlIHlIa je nOlIHQHja, a 3a KOMaH~aHTa y caMOM lIoropy nOCTaBJbeH je cTapHjH nOlIHQajaQ KpcTeB. O~Bol)elbe H3 lIoropa 6HlIO je 19. MapTa, no Hapel)elbY KOMecapHjaTa. Y Mel)YBpeMeHY je H3BpIlIeHo Hapel)elbe flIaBHe ~HpeKQHje Hapo~Hor 3~paBJba: oClI060l)eHH

cy ~p JIeBH, ~p apm H ~p TaI,Iep H anoTeKap )J;p)l(aB-

He 601IHHQe, KOjH cy 6HlIH rpal)aHcKH M06HlIHcaHH, 3aje~Ho ca nopO~HQaMa. Epoj HCeJbeHHX JeBpeja je 158, jep je y IIHPOTY OCTalIO 27 ~YIlIa, YKJbY-

nOTepa

feCTanoa,

a cHa6~eBajyhH

cpe~CTBHMa 3a O~p)l(aBalbe

6e)l(ehH

Hac npH TOM CBHM nOTpe6HHM

)l(HBOTa, H CBe ~O nOClIe~lber

~aHa, Ka~a CMO

IIHpOT 3Hao ~a CMOy 3eMJbH, caMO nOlIHQHja HHje 3HalIa:' JIeoH CH~ je onHcao

xanIlIelbe

JeBpeja IIHpoTa

,,12. MapTa 1943. rO~HHe, y paHY 30PY, ynpaBo KOMjeBpejcKoM KyhoM 3alIynalIa

12. MapTa 1943: npe cBaHyha,

npe~ CBa-

cy no ~Ba HaopY)l(aHa )l(aH~apMa.

fpy6HM

peqHMa Hape~HlIH cy ~a OTBOpHMOBpaTa. Ca HO)l(eM Ha nyrnQH ~HrJIH cy Hac H3 KpeBeTa, ~aBIlIH HaM nOlIa caTa BpeMeHa ~a Y3MeMO IlITa HaM je 6HlIO HajnOTpe6HHje. OHaKO 36YffieHH, H3HeHal)eHH H ynlIaIlIeHH H3ry6HlIH CMOnpHCYCTBO~yxa YClIe~ qera HHCMOMOrJIH 60r3Ha IlITa Y3eTH. CKpeHYlIH cy HaM HaPoqHTY na)l(lbY ~a ca C060M nOHeceMO IlITO BHIlIe xpaHe, caB HOBaQ H HaKHT. OHaKO JOIlI 6YHOBHe H nOlIy06yqeHe pOTCKe rHMHa3Hje. Ty cy Hac ynapa~HlIH paHaQ, KO ~elbaK, 60IlIqy

OTepaIlIe Hac CBe y ~BopHIlITe nHH CBaKH je ~p)l(ao npe~ C060M KO

H ClIo

HaKOH KpaTKor BpeMeHa nOqelIH cy Hac je~Hor no je~Hor npeTpecaTH, Te Ha Taj HaqHH CBe IlITO cy HaIlIlIH KO~ Hac: HOBaQ, npCTelbe,

60Jbe CTBapH

qyjyhH )l(eHY H CHHa McaKa TYBHja, rpal)aHcKH M06HlIHcaHor anoTeKapa y rpa~y CBHIlITOB. O~Be~eHH cy TaKol)e H JeBpejH KOjH cy lIe)l(alIH y 601IHHQH,

O~ BeIlIa, 0~Y3elIH cy, a 3aTHM je~Hor no je~Hor, Kao CTOKY,y6aQHBalIH y 110-

a KOjH HHCYHMalIH 3apa3HY 601IecT. 3a o~Be~eHe JeBpeje jaBHo caM TellerpaMOM KOMecapHjaTY, Kao H 6poj lIHQa no Y3paCTY:

Tpa)l(HlIH cy HaKHT H HOBaQ y HajcBeTHja MeCTa, 6e3 063Hpa

rop (COKOlIaHa). Ca )l(eHaMa cy nocTynalIH

JOIlI 6ecTH~HHje H BapBapcKHje:

CTapa, MlIal)a )l(eHa, ~eBojKa HlIH MalIa ~eBojqHQa.

Ha TO ~a lIH je

MH CMOMopalIH ClIYIlIaTH

185

184 KYIObaBY

H jaYK HaUIHX

MHJIHX H p;parHX

HaM H JIHqHe JIerHTHMaQHje,

peKaBIllH

- aJIH 6eCrroMotlHH.

OP;Y3eJIH cy

p;a HaM HHCY rroTpe6He,

jep

BHIlle

TaKo cy Hac OrrJbaqKaJIH

P;O rOJIe KO)J(e. OCTaBHJIH

cy HaM HeIllTO MaJIO

H 3aKprra.

CTprraBIllH

Hac CBe 3ajep;Ho, OP;Max cy Hac 3aKJbyqaJIH

P;OH )J(aHp;apMepHje

H rrOCTaBHJIH KOp-

p;a Hac qYBa H He P;03BOJIH rrHpOTCKOM

rpal)aHCTBY

p;a

p;ol)e Y P;OP;Hp ca HaMa. JOIll rrpBor HaIller

p;aHa OCeTHJIH CMO KPYTY P)'KY HerrpHjaTeJba

HHTepHHpalba.

rrocao,

rrpep; C060M

XpaHY

6HBao

HaM HHCY p;aBaJIH. 3a KaCHO jacHa. MH CMOca Cp6HMa y ~YXOBHOM

CPO~CTBYKao ~Ba ecxaTonOIIIKa Hapo~a ca Y:>KaCHO CnHqHOM Cy~6HHOM. HeIIITO ecxaTonOIIIKH qy~ecHo ce Ha~ cpncKHM Hapo~oM ~eIIIaBa Kao IIITO ce TO

qeT-

~eIIIaBano ~O jyqe H Ha~ H3paenOM. H 3aTOje CBeTa~Y:>KHOCTCBaKor O~ Hac

HHqKOr nOKpeTa, Kao Mna~Hh ce HaIIIao Y napTH3aHHMa, anH je YBeK HMao

JeBpeja ~a TO CXBaTH.Jep JaceHOBaQ cpnCKH je OHOIIITO je HaIII }J.axay. To ce

pa3YMeBalba 3a CBeIIITO ce Y HecpehHoj Cp6HjH ~eIIIaBano 3a BpeMe }J.pyror

qaK KpHje H He 3Ha, anH Mopa ce H TO ca3HaTH. OH~a 6HCTe H BH aMepHqKH

TeTa, qHjH je OTaQ 6HO o~aH KpaJbY H oTaI,I6HHH H qnaH npe~paTHor

CBeTCKor paTa. Ha nHTalbe 0 reHepany He~Hhy, o~rOBapa: "OH je 6HO cpnCKH reHepan, a Ka~a TO Ka:>KeM,OH~a MHcnHM ~a KO~ Ibera aHTHceMHTH3Ma HHje 6Hno. BHno je npe paTa y Cp6HjH noje~HHaQa H JbY~H KOjH cy ce ~eKnapHcanH ~a He Bone JeBpeje, MO:>K~aH rope H O~ Tora, anH y cnY:>K6eHoj nonHTHQH Tora HHje 6Hno, HH KO~ ~Bopa, HH KO~ Bna~a. 3a JeBpeje y Cp6HjH

JeBpejH CBe~oral)aje KojH cy ce ca~a ~eIIIaBanH y HaIIIoj 3eMJbH CXBaTHnH Ha je~aH caCBHM ~pyrH H HCTHHHTHjH HaqHH. MonHM Bac, 3aTO, HeMojTe ce BHIIIe YKJbyqHBaTH y nporalbalbe,

6apeM

Bep6anHO, Cp6a, jep Cp6H cy HaIIIa ecxaTonOIIIKa, ~yxOBHa 6paha. A ~pyro, :>KHBeTHy je~Hoj Cp6HjH H He OCeTHTH~a CTe JeBpejHH, TO HHr~e y EBponH

Morno ce qeCTOqYTH ~a HX Ha3HBajy Cp6HMa MojcHjeBe Bepe HnH cpnCKHM

HH npe XHTnepa HHje 6Hno. To je no npHpo~HOM 3aKOHY TaKO. Cp6H cy

JeBpejHMa. Ha jeBpejcKoM rp06Jb y y Beorpa~y, Ha caMOM yna3Y, CTOjH BenH-

je~aH HeBepoBaTaH Hapo~, ja ra 30BeM 3arpJbajHH Hapo~, KOjH qaK Tyl)HHa

KH cnOMeHHK JeBpejHMa norHHynHM y paTOBHMa 3a ocn060l)elbe,

JOIII BHIIIe npHrpJbyje

CKHM H Y llpBOM CBeTCKOMpaTi'

(IllTepHHh

y 6anKaH--

ce, BeOMa:>KHBO,ceha CBor nap-

Hero caMora ce6e. HMa je~Ho ocehalbe 3a Tyl)HHa ~a

6y~e npeMa lbeMY nOIIITeH, Kpajlbe 6paTOJby6HB, H TO je pa3nor IIITO je OBa

TH3aHCKor paTOBalba, H MHnOBaHa 1)Hnaca, KOjH je 6HO "n03HaT no CBOjoj

Cp6Hja ca~a OBaKOpaCnapqaHa H nO~eJbeHa. HHKa~ HHje nonarana

CypOBOCTH H rpy60cTH npe Hero IIITO ce ne~eceTHX rO~HHa npecan~YMHO y COQHjanHcTe HnH COQHjan~eMoKpaTe': H KOjH je CTpeJbaOje~Hor CeJbaKaC

na:>KlbYHa TO~a nH cy OHH, caMO OHH H3a6paHHQH HeKH, anH cy nOIIITOBanH

KocMaja 3aTO IIITO je 3a xpaHY npo~ao COUCUt8eHU 1)Hnac CMaTpao "KoneKTHBHOM HMOBHHOM").

6pHjaqKH npH60p, KOjH je

OHe KOjH :>KHBeca IbHMa H KOjH Cp6HjH HapaBHO :>Kene~06po.

BenHKY

To je je~aH

H3Y3eTaH Hapo~ H cTpaIIIHo je OBO IIITO je yqHlbeHO. Bpno je TO yqHlbeHo npOMHIIIJbeHO. H nOHaBJbaM, H3BpIIIeH je Ha~ Cp6HMa npaBH npaBQaTH Me-

fO~HHe 1995, n03HaTH nCHxonor, HHKona POT, ~ao je JaIIIH AnMynHjy

~HjCKH reHoQH~, Me~HjcKH AyrnBHQ, npeTBopHnH cy Cp6e y HaKa3e KaKO cy

HHTepBjy y KOMe Ka:>KeH cne~ehe: "Ha~aM ce ~a he OHH jeBpejcKH KpyrOBH

Hac YHaKa3HBanH Kp03 BeKOBe, a noce6Ho npeKo fe6enca H lberOBe npona-

y cBeTY KojH HMajy norpeIIIaH CTaB npeMa Cp6HMa YCKOPOYBH~eTH ~a Taj CTaB Tpe6a HanycTHTH, ~a je Bpno Ba:>KHa60p6a 3a npaBe~HocT, 3a qaCHOCT.

raH~e. fne~ao caM cTpaIIIHY eMHcHjy y KojOj cy H3HIIIne CBe OHe HanenHHQe

Tpe6a ~a HMajy Ha YMY ~a He MO:>Ke6HTH Qeo je~aH Hapo~ KPHB, Kao IIITO Cp6e OKpHBJbyjy. llpHje CBera TO Tpe6a ~a HMajy Ha YMY JeBpejH KojH cy ~Ba MHneHHjYMa HenpeCTaHO 6HnH Hana~aHH H CTpaIIIHO nporalbaHH, H TO QenH Hapo~, 6e3 KpHBHQe. He 6H CMenH ca~ ~a cy~enyjy y nporoHY je~Hor Hapo~a KOjH HCTOTaKO HHje KPHB H KOjH je HCTOTaKO nporalbaH:' ll03HaTH MY3HqKH ne~aror, Kao JeBpejHH y cpncKoj

~p AH~peja llperep,

BenH: "Ja TY :>KHBHM

3eMJbH H BonHM TY 3eMJbY. /oo.! HapaBHo,

o Cp6HMa, TO je HCTO Kao Ka~ je XHTnep JeBpeje npHKa3HBao OHaKO YHaKa:>KeHe,CaTaHe, l)aBone. To je HenojMJbHBO, HeIIITO CTpaIIIHo. HnaK, Mopa ~a nocTojH HeIIITO. JecTe, ja pa3YMeM ~a je KOpHCHOCTCHa:>KHaCTBap 3a onCTaHaK Hapo~a, anH He H 06e360:>KeHa KOpHCHOCT.OB~e je TO caMO pal)eHo H3 pa3nora KOjH anconYTHO npe~ :>KHBHMBoroM He MOry ~a onCTaHY· H ja ~pXTHM Ha~ Cy~6HHOM nOqHHHnaQa OBora Y:>KaCHOrreHOQH~Hor, Me~HjcKor 3nOqHHa KOjH je npOTHB Cp6a cnpoBe~eH. To je ~o ca~a HenojaM. llnaIIIHM

ocehaM

ce ~a rOBopHM H cnYTHM IIITa he ce ~orO~HTH OHHMa KOjH cy TO nOqHHHnH,

nYHY conH~apHocT ca THM Hapo~oM KOjH je 3aje~Ho CHaMa naTHO y XpBaTCKOj, KOjH je 6HO y6HjaH, Ha~ KojHM ce BpIIIHO reHoQH~ Kao H Ha~ HaMa. Y

jep TO HHje BHIIIe Moja CTBap, TO je BO:>KHjaCTBap. IllTO ce Ka:>Ke,OCBeTaje BO:>KHja,HHje HaIIIa. AnH Bac MonHM CXBaTHTe:OHaKOKaKOCTeBH 06aBeIIITa-

cBeMY CMO6HnH HCTecy~6HHe H MeHH Y:>KaCHO CMeTa ~a HeKe jeBpejcKe opraHH3aQHje Ha 3ana~y 0 TOMe He Bo~e paqYHa, na OHe KOjH cy HaCTaBJbaqH

BaHH, TOje je~HocMepHO, TOje HeO~p:>KHBOH HeMojTe ce BHIIIe npHKJbyqHBaTH nporalbalbY

Cp6a nOTnHCHBalbeM 3axTeBa 3a 60M6ap~OBalbe H OCTano,

189

188 jep BH He 3HaTe ):.\acaMHM THM BpllIHTe ):.\YXOBHO6paToy6HcTBO,

MH OH):.\a

BAJOP,IJ;OBE KJIEBETE

je):.\HOCTaBHOnOTnHcyjeMo H AYIIIBH~ H nYHO onpaB):.\afhe 3a OHOIlITO je pa):.\HO):.\0jyqe HeMaqKH Ha~HOHan-co~HjanH3aM.

HeMojTe MonHM Bac, ja caM

nHcao BpXOBHOM pa6HHY Hje

BHllIe OBOj ny):.\aqKoj

H .D:pyror CBeTCKor paTa. OH je YBeK 6HO npH-

Bp)l(eH H):.\ejaMaKoje je je):.\HaBenHKa AMepHKa HMana HnH je):.\Ha):.\aHacnana EBpona, MHcnHM OHa npaBa ):.\eMOKpaTCKaEBpona. To je je):.\HHHpa3nor IlITO caM npJ1XBaTHO):.\aHelliTO OBOMnpHnHKoM ro-

HHKonaj BenHMHpoBHh (1882-1956)

6HO je je):.\aH0):.\Hajn03HaTHjHx Ha-

~HCTHqKHX MHcnHna~a. AnKel)aKoH AH.n;pej KypajeB:

aHTHceMHTCKHX HCKa3a Y .n;enyBna-

.n;HKeHHKonaja), jep penHrHja H KYnTypa, Kao H caMa HCTopHja, qeCTO HMajy

cy6jeKTHBH3Ma. Je.n;HOMpeqjy, BajHCTopHje ... A HMaMO nH

"MH HHCMOqHCTH, HeBannoheHH .n;YXOBH.HallIa cpe.n;HHa,BacnHTalbe,

.n;BaBH.n;aKoja, H3rne.n;a, Mopajy 3aje.n;HO.n;anOCToje. OHO llITO je .n;06po 3a

nopeKno H 06pa30Balbe BeOMa YTHqe Ha HallI H360p OBHXHnH OHHXn03HQH-

je.n;HY CTpaHY, He Mopa .n;a6y.n;e .n;06po 3a .n;pyry, a YKonHKO cy 06e CTpaHe

ja. qOBeKoB H360p MO:>Ke6HTH .n;HKTHpaHHe cynpoTCTaBJbalbeM pa3YMCKHX

CBeCHellITa TO 3HaqH .n;pyroj CTpaHH, H YBa:>KaBajypa3nHKe, OH.n;aje Moryhe

apryMeHaTa, Hero qYBCTBHMa, ocehalbHMa,

H .n;aJbe3aje.n;HO:>KHBeTH.A TO je OHO llITO je Cp6HjH .n;aHacHajnoTpe6HHje:

COQHjanHo-KnaCHHM HCKYCTBOM(y MapKCH3MYnocTojH .n;enHhHCTHHe). ITo.n;

MHpaH 3aje.n;HHqKH:>KHBOT, Y3 cnpeMHOCT .n;apa3YMeMO .n;pyre .n;a6H OHH, Ha

OBHM ce no.n;pa3YMeBaH - oceh~lbe HaQHOHanHe conH.n;apHOCTHHnH, Hanpo-

Kpajy, pa3YMenH Hac:' (OBe peqH nOTllHcyjeM, o.n;cpQa.) Ha OBOBaj<pop.n;o.n;-

THB, oTyl)eHoCTH. Kao llITO je rOBopHO 1lI0neHxayep,

roBapa: "HeKpHTHqKO 060:>KaBalbe HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha H n03HTHBHa

Ha TO KOje qHjH CHH - CMellIHO je H cnY:>KHKao 3HaK OrpaHHqeHOCTH YMa'.

TYMaqelba lberOBor KOHTpOBep3Hor .n;enay cpncKoj npaBocnaBHoj

KYnTypH

HHCY HellITO llITO HMa nepHKHOCTHxpHllIhaHCKor

YBa:>KaBalba.

aHTHceMHTH3Ma HMa

HHTepeCHMa. Y TOM cMHcny H

JaCHOje.n;a HaQHOHanHa, KynTypHa H penHrHjcKa

'He 06pahaTH na:>KlbY npHna.n;HOCT BeOMa

YTHqy Ha TO KaKO lby.n;HnpHMajy je.n;aHTe HCTH npe.n;MeT.TypCKH norne.n; Ha PYCKYHCTOpHjy BeOMace pa3nHKyje o.n;norne.n;a pYCKor HCTOpHqapa. KynHKoBO nOJbe je - nOJbe cnaBe 3a HeKe pYCKe rpal)aHe, H nOJbe Tyre 3a HeKe .n;pyre

YTHQaj Ha Mel)YBepCKH .n;Hjanor, npe CBera 3aTO llITO 06e36el)yje

(jOllI YBeK) lbeHe rpal)aHe. paH~YCKOnOHMalbe pYCKe HCTopHje TaKol)e ce

.n;ace npeHcnHTHBalbe .n;OKTpHHapHor CTaBa npeMa JeBpejHMa y npaBocnaB-

pa3nHKyje o.n;HallIer. KpHMCKH paT 3a lbHX HHje ropKa ycnoMeHa, a BOpo.n;HH-

nory6aH

HOM xpHllIhaHCTBY jeBpejcKHM

He CTaBJba Ha .n;HeBHHpe.n; pacnpaBe

0 xpHllIhaHCKO-

O.n;HOCHMa:'Eaj<pop.n; HCTHqe .n;aje Mel)y Cp6HMa 6Hno MHoro

OHHX KOjH, HaKO HHCY 6HnH TonHKO 06pa30BaHH,

HnaK jecy ,,3aY3enH o.n;-

HOCnpeMa JeBpejHMa KOjH je 3a CBaKY noxBany H npHXBaTHnH nOnHTHqKH CTaB KOjH je, HacynpoT BenHMHpOBHheBOM, 6HO He.n;BOCMHcneHOaHTH<pallIHCTHqKH" (06paTHMO na:>KlbY: HHKonaj je 6HO ".n;BOCMHcneH" y O.n;HOCY npeMa <pallIH3MY!)

CKOnOJbe OHH cMaTpajy nOJbeM cBoje n06e.n;e. He.n;aBHOCMO ca3HanH .n;ace qaK H YKpajHHcKo CXBaTalbe HCTopHje PYCHje OllITpO pa3nHKyje o.n;HallIer. HapaBHO, nOCTojH H jeBpejcKa peQenQHja HCTopHje PYCHje (Ha npHMep, .n;ena A. JaHOBa). BHno KOjH HCTOpHqap 3Ha .n;anpHnHKOM aHanH3e .n;OKYMeHaTaTpe6a Y3eTH y 063HP Koja HaM ra je CTpaHa OCTaBHna. He MO:>Kece npocTo npHMHTH TBp.n;lbaH3 HeKe xpOHHKe, He nOCTaBJbajyhH nHTalbe 0 TOMe KO, y KaKBHM ycnoBHMa H 360r qera je TY XPOHHKYnHcao. qaK H QHKyjeMo HeKH BH3aHTHjcKo-nepcHjcKH

cYK06, HHje HaM .n;OBOJbHO .n;a

Ka:>KeMO.n;a,eTO, HeKH neTonHcaQ VI BeKa onHcyje H3BeCTaH paT. MopaMO 06aBe3Ho .n;aYKa:>KeMOHa TO - KOjOj CTpaHH je neTonHcaQ npHna.n;ao. O.n;nHqaH npHMep Tora KonHKO je.n;HOCTpaHOMO:>Ke6HTH Hallie CXBaTalbe .n;oral)aja aKO He paqYHaMO Ha 'napTHjHoCT' CBe.n;OKa,HaBe.n;eHje KO.n; KOHCTaHTHHa JIeoHTjeBa: 'J.1llIKona, H CTHXOBHH MHOllITBO qnaHaKa H pOMaHa HayqHnH cy Hac CBe .n;ao.n;paHor .n;eTHlbCTBaC .n;pXTajeM ycxHhelba

196

197

tH1TaMO 0 MapaTOHY, CalIaMHHH H nlIaTejH H ,n;a,CBHM CPQeM caocehajyhH ca CBOjHM jelIHHcKHM perry61IHKaHQHMa, me,n;aMO Ha nepcHjaHQe CKOpO C Mp)l(lhOM H rrpe3HpOM. CehaM ce KaKO CaM ClI}"IajHo rrpO'lHTaO (H TO KO,n;

PaHHjH Op;rOBOp JOBaHY Baj4>opP;Y

KOra? - KO,n;XepQeHa!) 0 TOMe ,n;acy rrepcHjcKH rrlIeMHhH caMH CKaKalIH y

JOBaHYnajcpop,n;y je, Ha je,n;aHlherOB 'IlIaHaK, Beh o,n;rOBopHOrrpocpecop TeolIorHje H3 JIH6epTHBHlIa, npe,n;par CaMapI,l:Hh, y KlhH3H "BlIa,n;HKa HHKO-

Mope,n;a 6H OlIaKllIalIHlIal)y

lIaj H HOBH 3aBeT 0 JeBpejHMa". YKa3ao je Ha OCHOBHerrpaBQe najcpop,n;OBor

H crraClIH KcepKca,,n;a cy, je,n;aHrro je,n;aH,,n;01Ia3H-

lIH Qapy H KlIalhalIH MY ce, rrpe HO llITO CKO'le C rralIy6e ... CehaM ce, Ka,n;caM

KlIeBeTalha, H YKa3ao KaKO Ha lhHX ,n;ace o,n;rOBopH. npe CBera, Y0'lHO je ,n;a

TO rrpO'lHTaO, ,n;acaM ce 3aMHClIHO H peKao ce6H: XepQeH TO C rrpaBOM 30Be

najcpop,n; KOpHCTH KOMYHHCTH'IKe HCTOpH'Iape Kao OCHOBHHH3BOp 3a cBoje Harra,n;e:

rrepcHjcKHM TepMorrHlIHMa. To je cTpallIHHje H MHoro BelIH'IaHcTBeHHje o,n; TepMorrHlIa! To ,n;oKa3yje CHlIY H,n;eje,CHlIY YBepelha Behy Hero KO,n;JIeoHH-

"TaKo, ,n;OKy H3BopHMa rocrro,n;HH najcpop,n; HaBo,n;H, 'IeCTO ,n;pyropa-

,n;HHHXca60paQa, jep je lIaKllIe rrOlIO)l(HTH CBOj )l(HBOT Y )l(apy 6HTKe, Hero

3pe,n;He, HaMa caBpeMeHe )l(ypHalIHCTe KOMYHHCTH'IKor rre,n;Hrpea, ,n;OTlIe,

rrpOMHllIlbeHO H XlIa,n;HOKpBHO,6e3 HKaKBe rrpHHy,n;e,O,n;lI}"IHTHce Ha caMOY6HCTBO360r pelIHrH03Ho-,n;p)l(aBHHX QHlbeBa! O,n;Tor 'lac a, cehaM ce, rro'leo

peQHMO, He HalIa3H 3a CXO,n;HO ,n;aHaBe,n;eCBe,n;O'laHCTBO0 HHKolIajy lherOBa

caM ,n;anepcHjy me,n;aM ,n;pyra'lHje o,n;Ha'lHHa Ha KOjH Me je }"IHlIa rroe3Hja, llIKOlIa H BehHHa HCTOpHjCKHXcrrHca' (K. JIeoHTjeB, BU3aHlUU3aM U Cl108eHClU80, MocKBa 1996, CTp. 98).

,n;eHTaH 'IlIaHa cppaHQYCKeAKa,n;eMHje HaYKa - ClI060,n;aHa JOBaHOBHha, Kao

JacHo je,n;a ce rrpHlIHKoM HeKor cYK06a Mopajy caclIY1IIaTH 06e cTpaHe.

caBpeMeHHKa H CBeTCKHnpH3HaTor rrpaBHHKa - HHa'le 1I0H,n;OHCKorpe3HH MHorHX ,n;pyrHx 3HaMeHHTHX H o,n;KapaKTepa H HHTerpHTeTa lIH'IHOCTH, a HHKolIajeBHx MHxaHlIa

caBpeMeHHKa H rr03HaBalIaQa. OB,n;ece rrpHcehaMO, peQHMO,

nyrrHHa,

MCH,n;ope CeKYlIHh, eHrJIeCKOr aHmHKaHCKor 6HcKyrra

AlIH, ,n;a6H ce OBOrrpaBHlIo HcrrYHHlIo Tpe6a MaKap 6HTH CBeCTaH,n;aTe CTpa-

nella, Tarope, HaCTaBHH'IKOr Beha KHHrc KOlIeI,Ia H3 JIoH,n;OHa,r,n;eje HHKO-

He rrocToje H ,n;acy OHe pa31IH'IHTe. M Heorrxo,n;HOje pehH: OBOje rrepcHjcKH

lIaj 1919. ro,n;HHe o,n;p)l(ao 3arra)l(eHO rrpe,n;aBalhe, HT,n;.HaCTaBHH'IKH caBeT KHHrc KOlIeI,Ia je 6HO 3a,n;HBlbeH HHKolIajeBoM lIH'IHOllihy H rOTOB ,n;aMY

rrome,n;. OBO je - rp'lKH. OBO je - PYCKH. OBO - jeBpejcKH. M aKO, pa,n;ehH C TeKCTOMKa)l(eM ,n;aje TY ClIHKY ,n;aoyrrpaBo rrepcHjcKH HCTOpH'Iap - xohe lIH TO 6HTH paCH3aM? 3allITO ce TO He ,n;03BOlbaBa? AKO 'IHTaMO orrHC HeKor ,n;peBHor rpa,n;a KojH HaM je OCTaBHO,n;peBHH

. YP}"lH H rrO'laCHH ,n;OKTopaT, alIH je y TOMe 6HO Crrpe'leH rrpaBHlIHHKOM KOlIeI,Ia, rro KOMe ce nO'laCHH ,n;OKTopaT,n;o,n;elbyjecaMO maBH KpalbeBCKe Kyhe:' najcpop,n; je Yo'leH Kao 'IOBeK KojH rrorpelliHO

rrYTHHK, HMaMOrrYHo rrpaBo,n;a rrpemOCTaBHMo,n;a je ClIHKa KOjy HaM je rrOHY-

rrpeBo,n;H o,n;lIYKeCa60pa

,n;HOHeraTHBHa H ,n;aHe o,n;rOBapacaCBHM CTBapHOCTHH3 BeOMa KOHKpeTHHX

cnu;:

pa31Iora. OH je pealIHOCT Ha'lHHHO KapHKaTypalIHoM - rrpOCTO3aTO, llITO je y TOM rpa,n;y 6HO Tyl)HH; 3eMlba KOjy je orrHCHBao HHje 6111Ia'Hallia 3eMlba',

,n;eHQH03HOH cpa'lYHaTO HaorraKO rrpeBe,n;eH TeKCT Ca60pCKe o,n;lIYKe, a y

Hero 'Ta 3eMlba', a lherOB Hapo,n;je ca TaMOllIlhHM )l(HBlbeM rroo,n;aBHOHMao

Be3H ca KaHOHH3aQHjoM HHKolIaja,

KOjy aYTOp rrpeBo,n;H ca 'je,n;HomaCHa H

HepallI'IHllIheHe

6e3 pacrrpaBe (undisputed)

0 'IeMY ce pa,n;H?

pa'lYHe. MH He BepyjeMo CBHM CBe,n;O'laHCTBHMaKpH)l(apa

o Ha'lHHY )l(HBOTa BH3aHTHHaQa - H rrpH TOM 06jallilhaBaMO:

TO je, 3HaTe,

"Beh y rrpBHM pe,n;OBHMarrpocpecopOBa TeKCTa 'IHTaMO HaMepHO, TeH-

o,n;lIYKa'.

}J;a6H jaCHHje came,n;alIHllITa aYTop xohe ,n;aKa)l(e H Ky,n;aHac YCMepaBa,

ClIHKa KOjy je OCTaBHOHeKH I<elbeM. CMaTpaM,

Ha OBOM nOJbY, Aa CMO MMaJIM M Aa MMaMO nOApIllKY

M Aa MM TO CMaTpaMO CTpaAalbeM

AHfJIMKaHCKe

AO:>I<MBeJIMOHY 'nOqaCT'

cpnCKM

raBpMJIO

HMKOJIaj BeJIMMMpOBMh,

0A HeMaQa

M HajYfJIeAHMjM

ITpaBOCJIaBHe

OBaKO 6e30qHO

M McnOBeAHMKa?

Mel)YTMM,

World)

QPKBe

Aa OMaJIO-

/ .. ./

AKO BM M AaJbe M MCKpeHO Ap:>I<MTeAa je HMKOJIaj

J(U31lU Bopllg (Disney

MJIM HeKM ApyrM

KaKBY cy AO:>I<MBeJIM

enMCKon

aKO 6MCTe MM nOKyrnaJIM

Ba:>I<MTelbMXOB CTaTYT CTpaAaJIHMKa

BpCTM npeTeqe

HajKoHCTPYKTMBHMje

KOHCTPYKQMjy

pa3MMIllJbalbe

y ~axay

3a6aBMIllTa,

npoQeca

M ocehaMo

OBaKaB

6MO y HeKoj

HeKa BaM 6YAe.

0 MY"lellU"IKOM MUiUy, og1l0C1l0 0 cayga UpU-

npaBOCJIaBHe

y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj

caMor

enMCKona

UPKBM,

HMKOJIaja

3aBMCHO npMcTynaTe

y KopeHY

cnYTaBa

npojaBJbMBalha

Bora,

na M KaHOHM30Balbe

BeJIMMMpOBMha.

AMpalbe

npoQeca

TpaTe Kao bon marche,

EBO BaIller ra 0A npaBMJIa

(llUaXapUM). M npojaBJbMBalbe,

UPKBM, nOMohy

y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj

CBeTMTeJba y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj

npeAMeT BaIller

MHTepecoBalba.

nOHM:>II<Mje M3a6paHMKe BaIll

AY:>II<Mjer 360r MyqeHMKa

MaiUepujalla.

llaUUcao geo

~a BaM nOHOBO nOMeHeM HMje npen03HaJIa

npen03HaJIa

y ~axay,

CBeTMTeJba

jep MM CMO TaKBJ1X

qMHOM Beher, naTpMjap-

Kao CBeTMTeJba BO:>I<Mjer. UpKBa

IToCJIe CJIeAe BaIlla lba cTaTyca

KaHTalba

CBeTMTeJba 3a HMKOJIaja.

OA CTpaHe npO-BeJIMMMpOBMheBe HMKOJIaja,

0 KaMnalbM

Kao M HaMeTalbY

Y

y npaBQY

3aA06Mjalba,

oCBaja-

Toj, KaKO Ka:>I<eTe, KaMnalbM

Bol)eHoj

KJIMKe, HacTojaJIO

lberOBor

ce Ha peXa6MJIMTaQMjM

KYJITa M npeACTaBJbalbY

Tora Kao BOJbe

211

210 KOHCTpyucalbe

HapO]\a. A Y TOje 'KnHKa' ynmKHna 3HaqajHe HarrOpe, rrpe CBera Kp03 OpraHH30Balbe rrpOrraraH]\HCTHqKHX cKyrroBa, HT]\. fOCrrO]\HHel]\pY)l(e, MH rrpaBOCnaBHH C'p6H y OBOjBallIoj aHanH3H BH]\HMO HCKJbyqHBOqeKHCTHqKO-KOMeCapCKY]\eMarorHjy H ]\HjaneKTHKY. O]\HO-

P;PYUITBeHOr cenalba

HapaBHO ]\a CBaKa HaU;HOHanHa 3aje]\HHu;a KOHcTpYHllIe cBoje jaBHo rraMhelbe y CKna]\y ca U;HJbeBHMaKoje cMaTpa 6HTHHM 3a CBOj orrCTaHaK.

CHO,BH rrpeHOCHTe Ha HHKonaja H npaBOCnaBHY UpKBY 'KaHOHCKeHOpMe H

Haj60JbH rrpHMep KaKOce TOpa]\H ]\aje caBpeMeHH J.13paen,KojH je HHCTYU;H-

rrpaBHna' rro KojHMa cy KaHOHH30BaHH: MapKC, JIeIbHH, Mao Ue]\YHr, EHBep

OHalIH3aU;HjoM cehalba Ha CTpa]\albe jeBpejcKor

XOI,Ia, nOlI nOT H MHOrH ]\pyrH. MH TaKBHX CBeTHTeJbaHeMaMO H He Tpe6ajy HaM. HHKonaj ce rrpoTHB TaKBHX 'cBeTHTeJba'H caM 60pHO, Kao llITO ce 60pHO

paTY rrOCTHrao BHCOKCTerreH]\pYllITBeHe HHTerpaU;Hje. JeBpejcKlrry6nHU;HCTa TOM CereB rrHllIe 0 TOMe y CBOMqnaHKY "npeKO AjxMaHa]\O KoneKTHB-

H rrpoTHB HaU;H3Ma. nocne, ]\a ce MH He 6HCMO ]\OCeTHnH, HnH BH MO)l(]\a H

Hor cehalba Ha XOlIOKaYCT': fO]\HHe 1960, rrpHrra]\HHU;H H3paencKe TajHe cnY)l(6e Moca]\

BH]\HTe HeKY CPO]\HOCTH3Meljy OBHX CBeTHTeJbaH rrpou;eca KaHOHH3aU;HjeY PHMOKaTOlIHqKoj U;PKBH,Ka)I(eTe KaKOje OBa rrpOrraraH]\HCTHqKa MallIHHepH-

HapO]\a y ,UpyrOM CBeTCKOM

OTenH cy

HaU;HCTHqKOr3nOqHHu;a A]\on<pa AjXMaHa y ByeHoc AHpecy, rro Hanory rrpe-

ja y6p30 cBoje pe3ymaTe rrpe]\CTaBHna, 'Kao rrpBH KopaK Ha rrYTY rryue KaHO-

MHjepa ,UaBH]\a BeH fypHoHa,

HH3aU;Hje'. J.1cXO]\ehHH3 pHMoKaTOnHqKe rrpaKce, xoheTe ]\a Ka)l(eTe ]\a je OBO 6eaTHKe 1I03HBalbeM Ha 'IHlbeHHQY ):la je ):lOTH'IHH OIITY:>KHOXon6pYKa, Me):lnHH On6pajT H

ce 60pH IIpOTHB pacH3Ma H IIpOCTa'IKe Mp:>Klbe Meljy HaMa, IIpOrnaCHo 3a

BecnHja KnapKa 3a cp6006Hjy. TIpH TOM, Baj0p):lHe Ka:>Ke):la caM HCTaKao

IIpaBo': JOBaH Baj0p):lje MOj TeKCT "Cp6H

llITO je ):l06a Y KOMe

HCTHHOJby6HBeJeBpeje, HoaMa qOMcKor H EMHna BnajKHja, Kao IIpHMep):la

:>KHBHMOIIpOH3Beno "cKHHce': ):leQY Koja 'IHTajy XHTnepa H ):lHBe ce OBOM

He Tpe6a YOlIllITaBaTH. (A MO:>KeHX ce HaBeCTH jOllI: cjajHH I,Iepe):l vhpaen,

KpBonoKY KOjH je cTajao H3a reHOQH):la Ha):l Cp6HMa H ):lPYfHM HapO):lHMa KpHIITOXHTnepOBQe. CBeTH apXJ1jepejcKH CHHO):lCTIQ je, BoljeH CnH'IHHM MO-

'IHjH cajT "QapeBO HOBOO):leno" lIoKa3yje CBe3nO'IHHe eBpOaMepH'IKHX rno6anHCTa IIpeMa Cp6HMa, YlIpaBO je je):laH O):lTaKBHX.) CBe ce MO:>Ke):lOKa3aTH, caMO aKO ce xohe (a Bajop):l xohe). lherOB

THBHMa, y CBOMcaOlIllITelbY 0):l5. e6pyapa 2002. rO):lHHeHCTaKao ):laje ,,6na-

eHrneCKH 'IHTanaQ He 3Ha HHllITa HH 0 HHKonajy,

rO):lapehH, YBenHKo, 6allI 6naroTBopHOM ):lYXOBHOMYTHQajy TIpaBoCnaBJba

cy Cp6H 3nO'IHHQH H3 Cpe6peHHQe, HOBH XHTnepOBH Cne):l6eHHQH. lherOB 'IHTanaQ HHKa):lHehe 3HaTH ):laje Bajop):lceKao TeKCTBna):lHMHpa )J;HMHTPH-

"aHTHceMHTcKH': TeKcT caM IIHCaO jep MH je cTpallIHo

HallIer IIpOCTOpa Y )J;pyroM CBeTCKOMpaTY. AnH, Baj0p):lMe je yqnaHHo y

Kao Bepe H Kao :>KHBOTHeIIpaKCe CplICKH HapO):lje):laH O):lOHHX eBpolIcKHX H xpHllIhaHcKHx

HapO):la, Ha:>KanOCTMan06pojHHx,

y KojHMa HHCY 1I0cTojana

aHTHjeBpejcKa ocehalba H paCIIOnO:>Kelba,a KaMonH HexpHllIhaHcKH

IIporo-

HH 0 Cp6HMa, OCHM ):la

jeBHha H H36aQHBao OHOllITO MY He O):lrOBapa. Hehe 3HaTH HH ):lace Baj0p):l na:>KHOIIpe):lCTaBJbaOJby):lHMa O):lKOjHX je Y3HMao HHTepBjye, ):la 6H HX 1I0cne

HCTOpHjH H Ha caBeCTH 1I0je):lHHHx HapO):la". A Bna):lHMHp )J;HMHTpHjeBHh je

HceQao IIO CBOjHM lIoTpe6aMa. )J;a,CBeTO eHrneCKH (H HHH) 'IHTaOQH Hehe 3HaTH. AnH, TO He Melba 'IH-

3alIHcao ):la "lIpaBOCnaBHH xpHllIhaHHH

lbeHHQY ):la je "HeBeH" 6HO O):lnH'IHa ):le'Ija TB cepHja.

HH H HeJbY):lcKH1I0rpOMH JeBpeja, llITO H jecTe TellIKO H36pHcHBa MpJba Y

AKO je HeKHlIpaBocnaBHH

He MO:>KeMp3eTH jeBpejcKH HapO):l.

HapO):lTO ):lOKa3ao, 6HnH cy TO Cp6H':

Baj0p):lje H CHHO):l CTIQ HIIOTlIHCHHKa OBHXpe):lOBa OIITY:>KHO):la cy, POj):lOBCKH rne):laHo, O):lnyqHHM "He" aHTHjeBpejcKoj Mp:>KIbHY cTBapH IIO-

BJIa)J;HKa HHKOJIaj H aHTHCeMHTH3aM

TBp):lHnH ):la TY HellITO HMa. qHM TBp):le ):la He Mp3e, Y CTBapH Mp3e! KHIITe O):lMp:>Klbe!)J;HMHTpHjeBHh He MO:>Ke ):la O):lrOBapa Y HMe CHHO):la,anH 0 CBOM 'InaHKY MO:>Ke1I0HellITO ):la Ka:>Ke. Bajop):lce Cny:>KHCBOjHMOMHJbeHHM,nOfH'IKO-rpaMaTH'IKHM,

aKp06a-

Je):lHa O):lrnaBHHX 0IITY:>K6H Ha pa'IYH Bna):lHKe HHKonaja TH'Ie ce IberOBe T060:>Klbe aHTHceMHTCKe Mp:>KlbeIIpeMa jeBpejcKoM HapO):lY.3aHCTa, y ):leny HaCTanOM y )J;axay, "Pe'IH CplICKOM HapO):ly Kp03 TaMHH'IKH IIp030p"

aHTHceMHTH3Ma" Y "peTOpH'IKH CaMO):lOBOJbaH"apryMeHT, jep "apryMeHT je

(Koje CBeTH HHKonaj )KH'IKH HHje 06jaBHo 3a :>KHBOTa,Hero je TO yqHlbeHo TeK 1985. rO):lHHe, y BpeMe IIpBOr H3):laBalba ca6paHHx ):lena lberoBHx), Hana-

peTOpH'IKH KOHQHIIHpaH TaKO):laQPIIH cHary H3 IIpeTIIOCTaBKe 0 1I0cTojaibY

3e ce rroje):lHHa ollITpa MeCTa YCMepeHa Ka KPHTHQH ,,)KM)J;A': Pe'I ,,)KH):l" je

KOHceH3yca': TIocne TaKBHX TBp):lIbH "HHje lIoTpe6HO pehH HHllITa BHllIe, HH

QPKBeHocnoBeHcKa H 03Ha'IaBa rrpHrra):lHHKa penHfHje Koja ce opMHpana

IIOHY):lHTH6Hno KaKBO ):lO):laTHO06jallIlbelbe".llITO

rrOllITO je ):leo jeBpejcKor

QHjaMa ):la 6HIIOKa3ao )J;HMHTpHjeBHha Kao HeKor KO IIpeTBapa "IIOpHQalbe

je, HapaBHO, na:>K: Qeo MOj TeKCTce cacTojH He caMO O):lpeTOpH'IKHX TBp):lIbH, Hero H O):lH3HOllIeiba 'IHlbeHHQa. HaBO):lHO caM 'IHlbeHHQe H3 IIpOllInOCTH Cp6cKo-jeBpejcKHx

O):lHO-

HapO):la0):l6HO ):la rrpHMH Kao MecHjy focrro):la Mcy-

ca XpHcTa, Bora KOjH je rrOCTao qOBeK. HHKO O):lrrpaBocnaBHHx XpHllIhaHa HHKa):l,MeljYTHM, HHje 3a60paBJbaO ):laje crracelbe "O):lJY):lejaQa" OH 4, 22), H):la

ca; 1I0):lCeTHO,ca HCTHHCKHM1I0llITOBalbeM, Ha JeBpeje KOjH cy, Y 6anKaHCKHM

je MajKa BO:>KHjaQBeTjeBpejcKor HapO):la, a ):lacy CBeTHarrOCTonH H CBarrpBa

paTOBHMa H TIpBOM CBeTCKOMpaTY, ):lanH :>KHBOTe3a Cp6Hjy; H HCTaKao ):la

QpKBa jeBpejcKor rropeKna. HHKonaj, Kao Y3BHllIeHH 60rocnoB H XpHCTOJbY-

cy Cp6H 1I03):lpaBHnH OCHHBalbe jeBpejcKe ):lp:>KaBeY TIanecTHHH; 1I0MeHYO

6aQ, HHje OBOry6HO H3 BH):la;caMO je TBp):lHO):la ce EBporra, Bena )J;eMoHHja,

TO KaKO cy Cp6H ClIacaBanH JeBpeje O):lHaQHCTa, 06HnHO QHTHpao MHpKa

OTrraBllIH o):l XpHCTa, 3):lpY:>KHnaca Cne):l6eHHQHMa TanMY):lCKOrjY):laH3Ma y

PajQepa, KOjH je 6HO Y BOjCQH ljeHepana MHxaHnOBHha,

Mp:>KIbHrrpeMa XpHCTY (KojH ce y TanMY):ly Ha3HBa "CHHOM 6nY):lHHQe" H

Cp6CKHM cn060):loJby6JbeM HllIHpOKorpy):lOllIhy.

H KojH je olIHjeH

Qeo TeKCTje IIYH IIpHMepa

- anH, Baj0p):l He HaBO):lHHHje):laH, Hero ce 3aYCTaBJbaHa OrpaHH'IelbHMa

"na:>KHHMrrpopOKOM" H qHjH ce cne):l6eHHQH rrpOKnHIbY)· C THM Y Be3H, rroTlIYHo je y rrpaBY Bna):lHKa AMHnoxHje KOjH je y CBOM

3a JeBpeje y XIX BeKy,):lO BepnHHcKor KOHrpeca, Koja cy 1I0cTojana y Cp6H-

orne):ly "BOrO'IOBoBje'IaHCKH eTOCBna):lHKe HHKonaja" peKao: "Bna):lHKa HH-

jH MHxaHna 06peHoBHha

Konaj BonH cBoj Hapo):l Hece6H'IHOM Jby6aBJbY. YrrpaBo 3aTO llITO ra BonH,

(lIpH 'IeMY 3a60paBJba lIonHTHKY aBopH30Balba

JeBpeja, KOjy je ClIpOBO):lHOMHnollI

06peHoBHh).

)J;aH He rOBopHMO 0 TOMe

o):l CBOjHX Mna):lHX ):laHa H306nH'IaBa

lberOBe MaHe H rropOKe. Ta'IHO Kao

218

219

6H6nHjcKH llpOPOQH. AKO 6H MjepHnH BnaAHKY HHKonaja npeMa lberOBHM

6paTHMHO C JeBpejHHOM?).* fpal)aHHH J13paena, JepycanHMJbaHHH H JeBpe-

rOpKHM H OnOpHM pHjelJHMa, Koje je He jeAHoM H3rOBopHO H 3anHcao 0 CBOMHapOAY, npeMa OHOMelJHMe ra je H KaKO ra je H306nHlJaBaO, MornH 6H

jHH CaMyen ABHjaTap, y CBOMorneAY "CHHOBH Cp6Hje H CHHOBH J13paHJba':

ra npornaCHTH 3a HajBener Cp60MpCQa H aHTHcp6HHa Y cpnCKOM HapOAY H

2003, oceTHBIllH KOje BnaAHKa, peKao je: "HaQHcTHlJKH CaTaHa 3Hao je AO-

lberoBoj

6po 3aIllTO ra je YTaMHHlJHo. YTaMHHlJHO ra je jep je lJOBeK EO){(HjH. Jep je

HCTOpHjH. Ho, ynpaBo

TO lberOBO H306nHlJaBalbe 3na y cpnCKOM

H3roBopeHoM Ha cKyny nocBeneHoM CBeToM HHKonajy y )l{HlJH Y jaHyapy

HapOAY, lberOBHX 3a6nYAa H 3aCTpalbelba, nOKa3yje Aa ra je OH 3aHCTa AY-

oA6HO Aa ce oApeKHe Eora. OH C060M cHMBonH3yje Cp6Hjy, jep je AOIllao H3

60KO BonHO. Ta npOpOlJKa AHMeH3Hja lberOBe nHlJHOCTHH lberOBe Jby6aBH,

npecToHe KpaJbeBCKe )l{HlJe, )l{HlJe CBeTor CaBe, KOjH je nOAHrao cpncKH

HapOlJHTO y 3penHM rOAHHaMa, KJbyq je 3a MHoro UITa UITO je OH HanHcao

IllaTop y Ta60py J13paHJba:'

H H3rOBopHO, KaKO 0 CBOMe HapOAY, TaKO H 0 EBponH H JeBpejHMa. HHKO

Y nOBHQH Ha HHKonaja 360r aHTHceMHTH3Ma 3aHCTa HMa MHoro nHQe-

HHje TonHKO BonHO jeBpejcKH H3a6paHH EO>KHjHHapOA, KonHKO cy ra BOJbe-

Mepja. Jep, OHOIllTO ce 3aMepa lbeMY, onpaIllTa

ce ApyrHMa, HCTHHCKHMMp-

nH lberOBH npopOQH. OHaj, Mel)YTHM, KOjH je Hone yn03HaT ca npOpOlJKHM

3HTeJbHMa JeBpeja H lJaK HCKpeHHM cneA6eHHQHMa XHTnepa, IllTO HHKonaj

cnHCHMa, 3Hane Aa HHKO HHje TonHKO paAHKanHO H306nHlJHO Taj HapOA, lberOBe MaHe H HeAOCTaTKe,HapOlJHTO lberOBO 60rooAcTynHHIllTBO, KonH-

Aa, YMe Aa ynoTpe6H H APyralJHje pelJH, nYHe pa3YMeBalba, KaAa cy y nHTalbY

HHKaA HHje 6HO. HnHnLJ:aBHA,KOjH BnaAHKY HHKonaja HenpeCTaHo Hana-

KO cy TO yqHHHnH ynpaBo lberOBH npopOQH. Y3MHMO Ha npHMjep npopOKe

nHCQH KOjH MY ce, H3 OBHX HnH OHHX pa3nora, AonaAajy. EBO IllTa OH Ka){(e

J1caHjy, JepeMHjy, HnH HeKe Apyre BenHKe H Mane npopOKe, HnH peQHMO y cBoje BpHjeMe npopOKa J1nHjy. XoneMO nH 360r Tor H306nHlJaBalba Ha3BaTH

y CBOMHHTepBjyy "BelJeplbHM HOBOCTHMa": "llHCQH, Kao H nOnHTHlJapH, y jaBHHM pacnpaBaMa lJeCTOrperne, HeKaA 036HJbHO H TeIllKO. llpHceTHMO ce

npopOKe EO){(Hje aHTHceMHTHMa, Mp3HTeJbHMa CBora pOAa? J1nH ce oBAje

caMO H3 6nH){(e HCTopHje KIbH){(eBHOCTHKHYTa XaMCYHa, E3pe llaYHAa H Ce-

paAH, Kao IllTO ce H paAH, 0 JbYAHMa orpoMHe EO){(Hje Jby6aBH, Koja Kapa

nHHa, KOjH cy, nOAP){(aBajynH Ha jaBHoj nOnHTHlJKoj cQeHH HeKe OA H3pa3HTO

ynpaBo 3aTO DlTO BonH? TaKo je H AnocTon llaBne, JeBpejHH H jeBpejcKor pOAa, 6HO cnpeMaH Aa H3ry6H AYIllY CBojy H cBoje cnacelbe, He 6H nH ce cnacao lberOB HapOA (PM 9,1-5). AnH je Taj HCTH AnocTon llaBne Ha3HBao

AenHMa Ha y6eAJbHB HalJHH HerHpanH cBoje nOnHTHlJKe CTaBOBe.J1 He caMO

CBoj HapoA 'ncHMa' (It>lln 3,2), He H3 Mp){(lbe npeMa IbHMa, Hero He 6H nH ra

He pOMaHe. JeAHO je, AaKne, AHpeKTHO nOnHTHlJKO aHra){(OBalbe, a HeIllTO

oTpHje3HHo H npHBeo Eory H BjelJHOM npOCBenelbY y XpHCTY. TaKBor KOBa

caCBHM APyro KIbH){(eBHH paA" (BelJeplbe HOBOCTH, 13. jaHyap 2002).

6HO je H BnaAHKa HHKonaj. Y TOM npOpOlJKOM AYXY Tpe6a CXBaTJ1THCBeOHO onopo

H ropKO IllTO OH nHIlle 0 CBOMcpnCKOM HapOAY, 0 EBponH, 0 J13pa-

nOIllHX HAeonorHja H HAeja, Kpajlbe AeCHHQe H q,aIllH3Ma, anH cy y CBOjHM TO, Hero cy, nonYT JIyja epAHHaHAaCenHHa, HanHcanH Haj60Jbe aHTHpaT-

IIlTa cy rOBopHnH KHYT XaMcYH, llaYHA H CenHH, KojHMa HnHnLJ:aBHA npaIllTa? H06enoBaQ KHYT XaMcYH 7. Maja 1945, nocne XHTnepoBor

ca-

HnCKOM HapOAY. / .../ CBjecTaH orpoMHe OArOBopHOCTH H ynore y HCTOPHjH,

Moy6HcTBa, Ka){(e: "HHcaM AocTojaH Aa CBelJaHOrOBopHM 0 AAonq,y XHTne-

n03HTHBHe H HeraTHBHe, OHor npBor H3a6paHor EO){(Hjer HapOAa, cBjeCTaH

py ... OH je 6HO paTHHK, paTHHK 3a lJOBelJaHCTBO,H nponoBeAHHK JeBaHl)eJba

A06pa Koje HOCHanH H BenHKHX onaCHOCTH Koje Taj HapOA CBOjHM 60rOOTY-

o npaBHMa CBHX HapoAa. llpeACTaBJbaO je nojaBY peq,opMaTopa

l)elbeM npOY3poKyje H AOHOCHKaKO ce6H TaKO H QHjenoM cBHjeTY, BnaAHKa

peAa, a HCTopHjcKa cYA6HHa MY je 6Hna Aa je Mopao AenOBaTH y BpeMeHY

HajBHIller

npOpOlJKOr je3HKa,

HenpHMepeHe CypOBOCTHKoja ra je Ha Kpajy y6Hna. OBaKO 6H CBaKH 3anaA-

H306nHlJaBajynH ra He Mp){(lbe paAH npeMa lbeMY Hero paAH jeAHe Ay6Jbe xpHCTonHKe H XpHCTOBCKeJby6aBH H 6pHre 3a lberOBO H36aBJbelbe H cnace-

HOeBpOnJbaHHHTpe6ano Aa rneAa Ha AAonq,a XHTnepa, a MH, lberOBe 6nHcKe npHCTanHQe, npHKnalbaMo rnaBe npeA lberOBOM cMpnY:' A E3pa llaYHA? OH

Ibe. TaKo Tpe6a CXBaTHTH H lberOBe ropKe H onope pHjelJH 0 EBponH Kao H

je rOBopHo 0 "jeBpejcKoj

o CBOM conCTBeHOM HapOAY. Y TOM KOHTeKCTYTpe6a pa3YMHjeTH lberOBY

3MOM, npe3HpoM npeMa npHpoAH, H 6HO je nponaraHAHcTa

OCHOBHYKOHQenQHjy, BH3Hjy HCTopHje CTapor H HOBor J13paHJba H CBeYKynHor lJOBjelJaHCTBa:'

I,Ia6aKa" n03HBao Ha norpoM JeBpeja, H rOBopHo: "LJ:acy ce Malbe IllenypHnH

npH6jeraBa

Ha TpeHYTKe y OAHOCYHa Ibera ynoTpe6H

Bao ca MyconHHHjeBor

60necTH"

Koja je 3apa3Hna XpHIllnaHcTBo

aCKeTH-

KOjH ce ornaIlla-

paAHja. paHQycKHnHcaQ CenHH je y "llOKOJbY 3a

3a BpeMe LJ:pyror CBeTCKor paTa, H caM nOA HeMalJKOMCTpa){(OM, pH3HKyjynH CBOj ){(HBOT H 6e36eAHOCT, BnaAHKa HHKonaj cnacaBa TpCTeHHlJKY

* nHCMO Elle

JeBpejKY Eny HajxaY3 H lbeHY MajKY. Ca OQeMEnHHHM, JeBpejHHoM, HHKonaj

CBelllTeHHK BellH60p I,IoMHn, Bpe.l1HHHCTpalKHBaq HOBHje HCTopHje enu:. Tora! (Han. B. )J..)

je npe paTa 6HO llOEPATJ1M

(Aa nH 6H ce OCTpaIllneHH Mp3HTeJb JeBpeja

TpHKe,TY AHBHY lhyrnKY THnHqHOr

npHMHCMO HCTHHY,no peqH CBeTora anOCTona fIaBna, HH OAaHrena HH OA'10BeKa Hero OA caMora Eora, KOjH ce jaBHo lbYAHMa y Teny, Aa HM OTBOpH Qap-

jewe, na Aa aaYBeK... Te BeqHTO HeHCKpeHe OqH, Aa ce OA IhHX npe6neAH ...

CTBOHe6ecHo H nOBeAe HX y TO 6narocnOBeHo QapCTBO:' ETO, HHKonaj HHje

Taj CTHCHYTHOCMex, Te HoaApBe Koje ce WHpe: XMjeHa... JeBpejH cy TH KOjH

caMO "aHTHceMHTa': Hero je H "aHTHXHHAYHCTa': H "aHTHMycnHMaH':

noceAyjy

CBe anaTO OBora CBeTa... Hawa QHBHnHaaQHja je jeBpejcKa - MH

A HHje

CMOCBH nOAjeBpejH" HTA. A aa HHKonaja, KOjH HMa MOnHTBY aa jeBpejcKH

HH jeAHo HH APyro HH Tpehe, Hero Cnyra XpHCTa, HeyjeAHaqHTelba H HeyjeAHaqHBOr (TaKO fa caM aOBe y ,,}I{eTBaMa focnoAIhHM"), Eora KOjH je lby6aB

HapoA, H KOjH je 1940, nOqeTKOM paTa, nHcao CBOMHapoAY Y enapxHjH :>KHq-

H J.1cTHHa.3a CBeTor HHKonaja HHje 6Hno, HHTH je Morno 6HTH penHmjcKor

KOj Aa ce Mone aa OHe KOjH cTpaAajy Y paTY (H aa JeBpeje, HapaBHo), HeMa paaYMeBalha ... Ho, OCTaBHMOHawe "rpaljaHcKe nHCQe" ce6H H concTBeHoj 06jacHHMo 0 qeMY je KOA HHKonaja peq.

caBeCTH.

penaTHBHaMa, TaKO MHnor AYXY Hawer A06a ("CBH nYTeBH BOAe Ka Eory"). OH je Boneo lbYAe, anH je oA6aQHBao na:>KHH aa6nYAe; aa lbYAe H HapoAe ce cBarAa MonHO, anH IhHXOBe HAone je pyrnHO CBHMAYXOBHHM CHnaMa. Ca HCTOMTaKBOM cTporowhy

HHKonaj je, Kao CBeTHTelb XpHCTOB, QenoKynHY CTBapHOCT MepHO H npOBepaBao XpHCTOM. CBe WTO YAalbaBa 0A XpHCTa BOAH Y BeqHY CMpT. CBeTH HHKonaj je aHao Aa caMO OTKpHBelhe AaTOI..:(PKBHEO:>KHjOjjecTe cna-

H cypoBowhy

lby6aBH CBeTH HHKonaj

je rOBopHo H 0 CBOMHapoAY: "llITa qeKaTe, Cp6H? XoheTe nH Aa 6YAeTe 6aqeHH y cTapo aapljano rBO:>Klje,Kao WTO cy MHorH HapoAH Beh 6aqeHH, HnH

KojHMa ce

heTe ce jeAHoM OA Drlha CTpaAalha OCBeCTHTHH aacHjaTH Kao HapoA Eora }l{HBora? XTenH OBOHnH OHO,Eor he yqHHHTH OA Bac OHOWTO OH xohe no

EBponlbaHH oKpehy, 6e:>KehH0A XpHcTa. TaKO H 0 XMHAYHaMYH "CTaKneHHM

:>KelbHBenHKHX XpHCTOlby6HBHX npeAaKa BaWHX. To jecT 6aQahe Bac y neh

OqHMa J.1HAHje" y cnHCY "TeoAyn": "OqH MOAepHor aanaAlhaKa cKnanajy ce

orlheHY H y nOTon H nOA TyljHHCKH Maq, H y TYHen MpaKa H HeBHljelha, H y 6eaAaHe 6ea60WTBa H anOqHHa, AOKne rOA ce He OCBeCTHTeH He nOBpaTHTe

COHOCHaBepa; aaTO OH OWTpO rOBopH H 0 APyrHM penHrHjaMa,

OA ycxHhelha H aanpenawhelha

npeA HeAOCTH:>KHOM H YTaHqaHOM YMeTHO-

why HCTOqHHXxpaMOBa. AnH KaA YHYTpa ylje Y Te xpaMoBe, Aa BHAH caAp:>KajIhHXOB H qyje HaMeHY IhHXOBY, OH paapOraqeHHX OqHjy H OTBopeHHX

K Eory H K ce6H. 3ap ce He CTHAHTe, H aap CTe6aw caCBHM Hary6HnH CTHA? fIeT CTOTHHarOAHHa Eor Bac je 6aQao y oralh H CTaBlbao Ha CBOj HaKOBalh,

YCTa,Y:>KacHYT,oKpehe JIelja H6e:>KH.JeAaH npeKpacHH xpaM y EmnTY nOCBe-

Aa 6H BapHHQe Ha Te6e HaneTane no QenOMe CBeTY,H Ha Kpajy KpajeBa, qHM

heH je QPHoMe 6HKY AnHcy, ApyrH HeKoj Apyroj :>KHBOTHIhH,TpehH Tpehoj. Y

TH je focnOA Aao ocn060ljelhe,

HeKHM xpaMoBHMa 60rOBcKH cy ce HerOBanH BonoBH, Y APyrHMa KpoKoAHnH,

ce nOKaaao Kao CHpOBO rBo:>Klje, a He qenHK. )J;a nH ce CTHAHW? )J;aje Eor

y TpehHMa 6YlbHHe. Y J.1HAHjH:Y jeAHoj naroAH KpaBe cY CBeTe :>KHBOTHlhe,

nona XHlbaAe rOAHHa ApeCHpao AHBlbe aBepH, aap ce He 6H nOKaaane 60lbe

Y APyroj MajMYHH, Y Tpehoj aMHje. J.1AaH AaHac. / .../ Y HHAHjCKHM BeAaMa HanaaH ce cneAehe cTpawHo yqelhe: 'J.1cTHHaH na:>Kcy penaTHBHe, H 06e cy HeonxoAHe Kao caCTaBHH Aeo HnyaHje' (fIpaHoBa

BeAa, I 24). 3aHCTa CTpa-

WHO. )J;eMOHje AaKne paBHOMohaH Eory, llIHBa paaopHTelb paBHonpaBaH ca BHWHYOM aHAaTelbeM! Y BpXOBHoj TpHjaAH HHAHjCKOjna:>KceAH nopeA HCTH-

Koje CH TH CXBaTHOKao oAynapelhe,

TH CH

OA Te6e?" ("Kpoa TaMHHqKH npoaop"). )J;aKne, CBeTH HHKonaj ce npe CBera 06pahao CBOMHapOAY, KojH MY je 6HO EoroM nOBepeH Ha AYXOBHOcTapalhe. C THM Y BeaH, HapOqHTO je nOKaaaH npHMep Ha "TeoAyna': Y KOMe BnaAHKa rOBopH 0 eBaHljelbcKoj

npHqH

o anHM BHHorpaAapHMa, qHje OCHOBHOaHaqelhe ce THqe apHcejcKe ceKTe

He, H ano Qapyje nopeA A06pa. Ho H jeAHo H Apyro, Ka:>KY,jecTe HnyaHja!"

Meljy JeBpejHMa A06a XpHCTOBor. EBO WTa BenH :>KHqKH3naTOYCT: "fIpHqa

3a CBeTor HHKonaja, J.1HAHjaje aeMlba y Kojoj HeMa HCTHHe, KOjOj, ynpKOC

o anHM BHHorpaAapHMa OAHOCHce yrnaBHoM Ha JeBpeje, KOjH Ha6Hwe, Ka-

lheHOM orpOMHOM penHmoaHOM nOTeHQHjany, AeMOH aanoBeAa. J.1aaTO joj CBeTH HHKonaj nopyqyje: "KpCTH ce, J.1HAHjO,WTa qeKaw? He nOMa:>KeEor

MeHOBawe HnH y6Hwe EO:>KHjenpopOKe H HaacnaHHKe, nocnaHe OA Eora Aa

KojH caMO aanoBeAa, H rpMH, a He Aaje nHqHH npHMep. He cnacaBa HH KpHWHa HHllIHBa, Hero cnacaBa XpHCTOC, KojH ca oqHwhelheM nOqHlhe, H caM

CHHa EO:>KHjerMecHjy. AnH je OBa npHqa THnHqHa aa CBaKor HexaTHor XpH-

Aaje npHMep oqHwhefba:'

J.1aa HcnaM CBeTH HHKonaj aHa Aa HHje HCTHHHTa,

HH EorOM OTKpHBeHa Bepa: "YnHTajMo

MycnHMaHe, KO je OTKpHO MyxaMe-

AY jeAHora HeTpojHqHOr Eora, KojH HHje HH OTaQ HH CHH HH )J;yx CBeTH. HHKO, OCHMOH caM TYMaqehH 06a xpHwhaHCKa 3aBeTa, CTapH H HOBH, Ha CBOj HaqHH, caMOBOlbaH HaqHH, H, KaKO OH TBPAH, aHren I,Ie6pHen. A MH He

npHMe nnoA OA IhHX Kao EO:>KHjer BHHorpaAa pYKocaAa. HajaaA y6Hwe H whaHHHa, KOjH He Aaje Eory HHKaKBa pOAa OA Ayrne cBoje, Hero oA6aQyje H npeaHpe npopOKe, anOCTone, oQe H yqHTelbe, na HajaaA oA6aQyje H CHHa Eo:>KHjerCBora CnaCHTelba! 360r Tora 6HBa H OH OA Eora npOKneT H oA6aqeH. )J;aHe 6YAe TO CHaMa Cp6HMa, 6paTe TeoAyne!" )J;aKne,CBeTH HHKonaj 0 JeBpejHMa rOBopH, a MHcnH npe CBera Ha CBOj HapOA. J.1TO je y nOTnYHOCTH y cKnaAY C eraereTCKOM TpaAHQHjoM CBeTHX

223

222

OTau;a. EBo KaKOje Y VI BeKY 0 <papHcejcTBY rOBopHo CBeTH MaKcHM Mcrro-

XHTJIepa ca CBeTHM CaB OM': He IIOMa)l(e MY HHllITa llITO je IIHcao IIpOTHB

BeAHHK: "OHO llITO je peKaO rOCnOA HallI, )l(aJIehH ce Ha <papHceje, npHMelbY-

XHTJIepa, YCTao IIpOTHB Ap)l(aBHOr IIaKTa ca XHTJIepOM, 6HO 3aTOqeH IIO JIHq-

jeM Ha Hac, caAallIlbe JIHu;eMepe. He Be3yjeMo JIH MH JbYAHMa 6peMeHa TellIKa

HOMXHTJIepOBOM HapeljeIbY ... To je 06jeKTHBHoCT HallIHX "He3aBHcHHx" HH-

H He3rOAHa 3a HOllIelbe, a caMH ce He TpYAHMO HH npCTOM Aa MaKHeMo? He

TeJIeKTyaJIau;a, KOjH cy, IIO cBeMY cYAehH, He3aBHCHH caMO OA IIOllITelba H

qHHHMO JIH MH cBoja AeJIa Aa 6HCMO ce npeA JbYAHMa nOKa3aJIH? He BOJIHMO

A06por

JIH H caMH Aa ceAHMO Ha npBHM MeCTHMa 3a Tpne3aMa

AO 30pe.

H ca6palbHMa,

a OHe,

YKyca ... AJIH, CBaqHje he AeJIO H3ahH Ha BHAeJIo. M HHqHja He ropH

KOjH HaM He oAajy TaKBY nOqaCT, He CMaTpaMO JIH CMpTHHM HenpHjaTeJbHMa? 3ap HHCMOY3eJIH KJbyqeBe 3Halba H He 3aTBapaMO JIH lJ,apcTBo EO)l(Hje IIpeA JbYAHMa, YMeCTOAa HM AaMO Aa yljy H Aa caMH yljeMo? He 06HJIa3HMO JIH MH

AHTHceMHTH3aM,

aHTHjmaH3aM,

aHTHxpHmnaHCTBO

•.•

Mope H KOIIHO Aa HaljeMo jeAHor yqeHHKa, H KaA ce TO AeCH, He qHHHMO JIH "YBepeH caM Aa aHTHceMHTH3Ma Y TOj KIbH3J1HeMa. He cMaTpaM jeBpejcKJ1 HapoA Y 6HJIO qeMY rOpJ1M OAPYCKor J1JIJ1HeKor Apyror HapoAa. JeAHocTaBHo, ja He CMaTpaM JeBpeje 60JbJ1M oA CBJ1XOCTaJIJ1XHapoAa. Met)YTJ1M, caA ce qaK J1TO CMaTpa aHTJ1CeMJ1TJ13MOM:'

ra CHHOM IIaKJIa, ABaIIYT ropHM OA ce6e? HHCMO JIH MH BoljH CJIeIIH, KOjH ou;eljyjy KOMapu;a, a np0)l(AHpy

KaMHJIY? He qHCTHMO JIH MH CIIOJba qallIY H

3AeJIY, a H3HYTpa CMO "YHH rpa6e)l(H,

nJbaqKe H HeY3AP)l(alba? He rpaAHMo

JIH MH CIIOMeHHKeH He YKpallIaBaMO JIH rp060Be

aIIOCTOJIa, a caMH CMOCJIHq-

HH IbHXOBHMy6Hu;aMa?" HaIIaAH Ha CBeTor

1)aKoH AHApej KypajeB

HHKOJIaja )I(HqKOr 360r aHTHceMHTH3Ma cy caMO

IIOKYllIaj Aa ce CIIpeqH Aa HapOA qHTa OHOAPyro, CYllITHHCKO,llITO je BJIaAHKaXTeo Aa Cp6H HajAy6Jbe IIojMe - a TOje Aa 6e3 XpHCTa H )l(HBOTa IIO 3aKOHY EO)l(HjeM Cp6CKOM HapOAY HeMa OIICTaHKa H CIIaca, HH IIpHBpeMeHor BeqHor. "rpaljaHH"

HH

jaKo A06po 3Hajy 0 qeMY je peq, aJIH CBeCHO llIHpe Mamy

H IIpoAajy i3jaJIa, TBPAehH, peU;HMO, Aa je KYJITHHKOJIajeB IIoAcTHu;ao HHKO ApyrH AO - CJI060AaH MapKH3a

MHJIOllIeBHh

(TaKO II03HaTH IIOpHOJby6, aIIOJIOreTa

Ae CaAa, MBaH qOJIOBHh, BeJIH: "Y MHJIOllIeBHheBO BpeMe YCIIO-

CTaBJbeH je IIpaBH KYJIT HHKOJIaja BeJIHMHpOBHha, jeAHor, 6JIaro

peqeHO,

Y IIOCJIeAlbe BpeMe ce, IIopeA IIpHqe 0 paCHCTHqKOM, CKHHxeAOBCKOMaHTHjeBpejcKoM paCIIOJIO)l(elbY, rOBopH H 0 IIpOTJ1BjeBpejcKHM ocehalbHMaXpHllIhaHa. TaKo je H BJIaAHKa HJ1KOJIaj je jeAaH OA 60rOCJIOBa - "aHTHceMHTa". Ho, IIpe HO llITO KpeHeMO Aa ce ca OBHMIIp06JIeMoMcYOqaBaMO BOCJIaBHH xpJ1llIhaHH Tpe6a

Aa cameAaMO

Kao IIpa-

J1 APYry CTpaHY. AKO cy BeJIJ1KH

0U;J1 lJ,pKBe, IIOIIYT 3JIaTOYCTa, rOBOpHJIH ropKe peqH 0 jYAaJ13MY,jYAejcKJ1 yrJIeAHJ1U;J1H TeOJI03H HHCY 6HJIJ1 HJ1llITa Malbe OAJIyqHH. EBO llITa 0 XPH-

KOHTpOBep3Hor IIpaBOCJIaBHOr CBellITeHHKa H TeOJIOra, aHTHceMHTe, KOjH je

CTY Ka)l(e jeAaH OA HajTOJIepaHTHHjJ1X jeBpejcKHx

XHTJIepa yrropeljHBao

"HaKoH Tora HaCTaJIa je HOBa ceKTa Koja je KOM6HHoBalla OBa ABa MeToAa,

ca CBeTHM CaBOM. lherOB KYJITce H AaHac yqBpllIhyje,

nOIIYJIapHllIe, yrpaljyje

Y 3rpaAY HOBHX,AeMOKpaTCKHXCpIICKHX HAeaJIa. PO-

KepH IIHllIY MY3HKYIIpeMa lberOBHM TeKCTOBHMa" - "BpeMe': o6CKH nOTeHl.\Hjan HOBor 3aBeTa" Tpe6a npeHcnHTaTH "CMHcaOHH,

MapKo AypenHje je - 'KYH ca MYCJIHMaHHMa,H ca pHMOKaTOllHQHMa, H ca JeBpejHMa. YonwTe,

XYJIJ1 - jep je OHy cBoje BpeMe 6HO KopHCTaH' (CB. JOBaH3JIaTOYCTH,llIecT

KaKO 3ana>Ka ce$apP;cKH pa6HH pOP;OMH3 CapajeBa, ElIHe3ep lIano,

KIbHra 0 cBewTeHCTBY). )J;OB07bHOje ceTHTH ce H3pyrHBalba KeJIca H JYJIHja-

CHH je y TO p;06a 6HJIa y ynoTpe6H

Ha, P;HBJbHXHcna,p;arH~Cl'Hqapa Hapa'l}'H ctap03aBeTHe HCTopHje H peJIHmje - H oneT he nOCTltTH jacHo p;aje QPKBa YKnoHHJIa npeTlbY J13paHJbY. (oo.)

Bjepe': To jecT, OH je HHoBepaQ - Bepy MY He XBaJIHM, jep CBojy HcnOBep;aM

XpHwhaHH,

Y3rpep;, BHp;e MoryhHocT CBeTJIeH CTBapaJIaqKe 6yp;yhHocTH 3a

. J13paHJb Kao Hapop;. AKO J13paHJb jep;HoM npHMH CBor XpHCTa, OH he oueUl 6UUlU up8eHa~ lby6a8u BO:H!je."

Kao HCTHHHTY H cnaCOHOCHY,allH BHP;HMp;a je p;06ap qOBeK, BHP;HMnJIeMeHHTOCT.r\ywe lberOBe, H TO npH3HajeM. To 3HaqH H3pa3: "AJIall TH Bepa!" To jecT: "HeKa TH je EorOM npocTa TBoja (3a MeHe norpewHa) nocTynaK

KypajeB npHMehyje p;a ce HaQH3aM y HeMaqKoj nojaBHo Kap;je HeMaqKO XpHwhaHcTBo

6HJIO nOTKonaHO HeonaraHH3MOM - op; OKYJITHHXP;PYWTaBa,

y Eo-

H3peKa ",!:{06ap qOBjeK, He XBallehH MY

Bepa, aJIH TH je

3a cBaKY nOXBaJIY!"

TaKaB je CTaB npaBOCJIaBHHX. Ja CBojy Bepy .r\O>KHBJbaBaMKao EorOM OTKpHBeHY (Koja MH HHje nOBOp;p;a ce npeY3HOCHM, Hero p;a ce 60jHM - jep

nonYT "TYlle': p;o p;apBHHHCTHqKHX H eyreHHqKHX Hp;eja; H Taj HaQHCTHqKH

aKO no Iboj He >KHBHMHa CTpawHOM cYP;yhy npohH rope op; OHHXKOjH 3a TY

pacH3aM HHje HMao Be3e ca xpHwhaHCTBOM, Hero je 6HO naraHCKH. XHTlIep

Bepy HHCY3HallH). AJIH, EO>KjHJIHK H EO>Kjep;06po BHP;HMy CBaKOM'IOBeKY H CBaKOM>KeJIHMOHOWTO H ce6H. AKO MHClIHM p;pyraqHje, rpex MH je, H Kao

je npBO XTeo p;a ce 06paq}'Ha C JeBpejHMa, na ca XpHwhaHHMa. CBaKH peJIHrH03HO nHCMeH qOBeK CXBaTa p;a XpHwhaHHH MP3H JeBpejHHa. AJIH, XpHwhaHHH lIPE3PJ1B, llIaxaK,

He MO>Kep;a

3Ha p;aje jyp;aH3aM, y Haj60JbeM CJIyqajy,

a y HajropeM - AfPECJ1BAH

npeMa xpHwhaHCTBY. ,!:{p J13paeJI

rpex Tpe6a p;a ce nOKaje H HcnOBep;H. Cp6HH ce Tora yseK p;p>Kao,P;OKje 6HO lIPABOCJIABHJ1 Cp6HH. TaKaB je 6HO H CBeTH HHKOJIaj Cp6CKH: Morao je p;a He BOllH TaJIMYP;CKHjyp;aH3aM Kao aHTHxpHwhaHCKH, allH je 6HO cnpeMaH

jeBpejcKH pop;OJby6 H 60paQ 3a Jbyp;CKanpaBa, KojH je npe>KHBeO

p;a cnace EJIY HajxaY3 H lbeHY MajKY. 3aTO nOHaBJbaM: Cp6HH HHje Mp3HTeJb

JIorop 3a BpeMe ,!:{pyror CBeTCKor paTa, y CBojoj CTYP;HjH0 Op;HOCYJ13paHJba

HHjep;Hor Hapop;a, aKO MY ce p;onYCTH p;a ce pa3BHja nop; 6JIarOTBOpHHM YTH-

npeMa HejeBpejHMa, Ka>Ke:"J1 caMO HMe Heye 3a JeBpeje je CHM60JI rHYCO-

QajeM cBoje Bepe H CBor 3aBeTa, CBeTocaBCKor H CBeTOJIa3apeBCKor.

6e, a OBa Tpap;HQHja jow onCTaje y Hapop;y:' llIaxaK

HaBop;H H clIyqaj Kap;a

228

229

BJIaAHKa HHKOJIaj H IDapJI Mopac

)J;aKJIe,rrpHqa 0 CJIHqHOCTHBJIa):\HKeHHKOJIaja H IIIapJIa Mopaca je aaCHOBaHa HJIH Ha rrorpellIHHM

paHU;YCKH):\eCHH'Iap H rrOJIHTHqKH MHCJIHJIau;IIIapJI Mopac, aa BpeMe )J;pyror CBeTCKOrpaTa HallIao Y CJIY)I(6H oKyrraTopcKor

KOjH ce pe)l(HMa,

rrpeMHcaMa HJIH Ha 3JIOHaMepHHM TBp):\lbaMa

nOJIy06pa30BaHHX rrpe,o;cTaBHHKa "rpal)aHcKHx KpyroBa': XTeJIH ):\a Hal)y Beay HHKOJIaja H q,allIHaMa. HH MopacoBa

KOjH 6H CBaKaKO rraraHCKa TeOJIO-

6Ho.je - rraraHHH. MOHapXHCTa H rrpOTHBHHK H):\eja paHU;YCKepeBOJIYU;H-

WKa ,o;oKTpHHa,HH lberOB rraraHCKH MOHapxH3aM, HeMajy Beae ca HHKOJIaje-

je, OH je HCTOBpeMeHOCMaTpao ):\a cy CTapH H HOBH 3aBeT y 6HTH jeBpej~

BOM BepoM y Eora )l(HBora

CKa 06MaHa: "JeBpejHH, MOHOTeHCTaH Bol)eH rrpopOU;HMa, rrOCTaOje areHT

nope,o;aK.Kpalba Kao )J;oMahHHa, Koje je HaCJIe,o;HO 0):\cBOjHX Cp6CKHX rrpaBocnaBHHX rrpe,o;aKa.

peBOJIYU;Hje:' fIoHaBlbajyhH

):\aje MOHOTeHaaM rrpOTHBrrpHpo):\aH, Mopac je

H MCTHHHTora H xpHlllhaHcKHM

BepoBalbeM y

KpHTHKOBao jeBpejcKH rrpoq,eTHaaM a60r HacpTaja Ha opraHCKH ):\pyrnTBeHH rrope):\aK. Harra):\ao je MOHOTeHaaM H a60r KOHu;errTa HH):\HBH,o;yaJIHeCJI060):\e. fIa,o;oM rraraHH3Ma, lby,o;CKa6Hha cy o,o;BojeHa 0):\ rrpHpo,o;e, a caMHM THM

CBeTH HHKOJIaj H XHTJIep 0 CTapOM 3aBeTY

H 0):\ opraHCKor ):\pyrnTBa 3a Koje ce Mopac 60pHO. P06epT KaCHlbO, KOjH je HayqaBao q,aCU;HHaU;Hjyq,allIHaMOM y

):\eJIY

Eape fIayu):\a, 0 Mopacy je aa6e-

Y "HHKpHMHHHcaHoj"

KIbHaH CBeTor HHKOJIaja Cp6cKor,

"PeqH cprr-

JIe)l(HO: "Kao UlTOje Mopac CMaTpao, MOHOTeH3aM,rrpHXBaTajyhH TpaHcu;eH-

CKOMHapo):\y Kpoa TaMHHqKH rrp030p':

):\eHTHH arrCOJIYTKao rro):\je,o;HaKOBpe):\aH 3a CBe lby):\e, HacTojH ):\a YHHllITH

OTKpHBelba EO)l(jer y KOjOj cy ):\aTH Haj):\y6lbH YBH):\H He caMO 0 cy):\6HHH

'JIerrOTy' ):\pyrnTBa H rrpHpO):\He 'Heje):\HaKOCTH'.qaK H aKO ,o;pyrnTBeHe Heje,o;HaKOCTHrrocToje, MOHOTeHaaM):\eMOKpaTHayje ,o;YXOBHY06JIaCT H TaKO CMa-

ApeBHor M3paHlba, Hero H 0 cy):\6HHH Her):\a xpHlllhaHCKe

CTapH 3aBeT je cXBaheH Kao KIbHra EBporre, Kao H

Cp6Hje. UHTHpajyhH CTapoaaBeTHe rrpopOKe, rrorrYT JepeMHje (Jep. 2,13), HH-

Ibyje paaJIHKe H3Mel)y lbY):\H.3aTO je Mopac y jeBpejcKoM MOHOTeHaMYBH):\eo

Konaj Y3BHKyje: "CBeTO fIHcMo je HerrorpelllHo.

Kpajlber HerrpHjaTelba XHjepapxHje H KOHaqHH HaBOp JIH6epaJIHaMa:' EpHCT

ra. Y CBeTOM fIHCMY 06jallllbeHa je cy):\6a CBaKor qOBeKaH CBHXHapo):\a. CBa-

HOJITe aarra)l(a ):\aje MopaCOBO rrOllITOBalbe rrpeMa pHMOKaTOJIHU;HaMYrroTHu;aJIOHa lberOBor YBepelba ,o;aje OBa KOHq,ecHja HexpHllIhaHCKa aaTO llITO

Ka peq EO)l(ja y TOj cBeToj KlbH3H Ha):\KIbHraMa jecTe HCTOBpeMeHOOTKpHhe

je "Heyrrope):\HBO peMeK-):\eJIO rraraHCKe H CBeTOBHeMy,o;pOCTHKoja rrYTeM

HH je,o;HYje):\HHY peq CBeTora fIHcMa. CBa eBporrCKa HaYKa HHje y CTalbY aa-

xHjepapXHjcKor

MeHHTH HH je):\HYje):\HHYaarrOBeCT focrro):\IbY:' KacHHje, rrope):\ehH HCTOpHjy

CHCTeMarrocpe):\HHKa U;PKBYqHHH rnaCHorOBopHHKOM qOBe-

Ka, o):\cTpalbyjyhH TaKO Ou;a H CHHa". fIpoTecTaHTH3aMje llITO je jeBpejcKH rro rrpHpo):\H.

KpHTHKoBao aaTO

JacHo je ):\a ce H PHMOKaTOJIHqKa u;pKBa MOpaJIa orpa):\HTH 0,0;TaKBor

To je YCTaBBaCHOHCKH0):\Eo-

HCTHHe H rrYTOKaa Y)l(HBOTY. CBa Mo):\epHa U;HBHJIHaaU;HjaHHje rroKone6aJIa

J1spaHlba H HCTOpHjy Cp6Hje, HHKOJIaj rrOHaBlba: ,,3aTO BaM Ka)l(eM: qHTajTe CBeTO fIHCMo, ):\a6H paaYMeJIH HCTOpHjy cprrCKY. qHTajTe EH6JIHjy, ):\a6H Ha MpaqHOM rrYTY Cy,o;6Hlby,o;CKHXHManH cBehy y pYKaMa:'

"arrOJIOreTe': fO):\HHe 1926, Kap,o;HHaJIAH):\pHje, rro 0):\06pe1bY rrarre fIHja XI, rrHcao je: "BoI)H AKCHOH paHcea (MopacoBa opraHH3aU;Hja, Harr. B. )J;.) 6a-

pOK MojcHje:

BHJIH cy ce U;pKBOM.KaKBY H,o;ejyHMajy 0 1b0j? OHH 0):\6Hjajy CBe,o;orMe Koje

TH Hapo):\H 0):\ Eora o):\cTyrre. 3a HHKOJIaja, cTap03aBeTHH rrpopoK

u;pKBa yqH H rrporroBe):\a. UpKBa yqH rrocTojalbe Eora, a OHH TO rrOpHqy, jep

"je):\aH je 0,0;HajBehHx rrpopoKa y HCTopHjJ1 po):\a lbY):\CKor"; 3a HHKonaja, fo-

cyaTeHCTH. UpKBa rrporrOBe):\a 60)l(aHCTBO Mcyca XpHCTa, a OHH TO o,o;pHqy,

crro):\ CTapor 3aBeTa je Eor CBeMoryhH,

jep cyaHTHxpHllIhaHH.

TOKYqeTp):\eceT rO):\HHay ErHrrTY H y rrycTHIbH Ha OqH Hapo):\a H3paHlbcKor";

UpKBa rrporrOBe):\a,o;aje IbY OCHOBaocaM Mcyc XPH-

3a HHKOl1aja, HajBehH Cp6HH je CBeTH CaBa, 'a HajBehH JeBpejHH rrpoJ1je):\aH H ):\pyrH cy TY)l(HOU;HcBojHX Hapo,o;a rrpe):\ EoroM Ka):\ McaHja

KOjH je "xHlba):\e qy,o;eca rrOKa3ao y

CTOC,Eor H qOBeK, a OHH rrOpHqy lbeHY 60)l(aHCKY YCTaHOBY,jep cy aHTHKa-

3a HHKOJIaja, TBopau; je ,o;aoKlbyqeBe cy):\6HHa lbY):\HH Hapo):\a "rrpeKo CBO-

TOJIHU;H... Mopac H Bol)H AKCHOH paHce3 cy KaTOJIHU;HH3 paqYHa, a He rro y6el)eIbY· OHH ce CJIY)l(eUPKBOM, a He CJIY)l(eUPKBH:'

jHX rrpopoKa H yro):\HHKa CTapora H HOBora 3aBeTa"; 3a HHKOJIaja, M3paHlb

BJIa):\HMHp CTaKHh, aYTOp rroaHaTe rrpe):\paTHe MOHorpaq,Hje "MOHapXHCTHqKa ):\OKTpHHaIIIapJIa Mopaca': BeJIH: "MopaCOB KaTOJIHU;H3aMje PHMCKH, aJIH He jeBaHl)eJICKH, arrOCTOJICKH.MaMel)y Mopaca H UpKBe MO)l(e rrocTojaTH caMO je):\aH modus vivendi,

aJIH HHKa):\a HHTHMHa capa,o;lba:'

je y ):\06a MojcHjeBo

6HO EO)l(je H36palbe, jep, KaKO OHKa)l(e, "Eor He H3a6pa

KYJITypHe PHMlbaHe, HH rrpeCHTe ErHrrhaHe,

HH YMeTHHqKe JeJIHHe, HHTH

My,o;pe MH):\Hju;e ,o;aMY 6y,o;y u3a6paHU MecujaHcKu Hapog (rrO):\BYKao B.

,D;),

Hero H3a6pa p060Be jeBpejcKe"; je):\HoM peqjy, 3a HHKonaja CTapH 3aBeT je, Kao H HOBH, KIbHra EO)l(jer oTKpHBelba H cy,o;a,a cTap03aBeTHH JeBpejH cy H3a6paHH Hapo):\ EO)l(HjH. ,;

230

231 A 3a XHTJIepa?

HHKOJIajeBe BepHocTH MecHjH CTapor H HOBor 3aBeTa? HHKOJIajeB OCHOB-

XHTJIepOB }"IHTeJb, OKYJITHCTaAHTpHX EKapT, 06jaBHo je 1924. rOAHHe KIbH)I{HQY "BOJblIIeBH3aM OA MojcHja

AO JIelbHHa - Pa3rOBOp H3Meijy

HH CTaBje: Cp6H cy, Kao H CBHHapoAH KojH cy npHXBaTHJIH Mcyca H3 Ha3apeTa, HOBH M3paHJb, KOjH 6alIITHHH CBelliTeHO HaCJIeije ApeBHor M3paHJba;

AAOJI<pa XHTJIepa H MeHe': 3a XHTJIepa, CTapH 3aBeT je KIbHra Koja BOAH JIeIbHHY, H Y KOjOj ce onHcyjy JeBpejH Kao nOp06JbHBaqH qOBeqaHCTBa. XH-

CJIaBHHX, UpKBe BO)l{je, qHjH CMHcao HHje y rocnOAapelbY

TJIep nOKa3yje EKapTY CTapH 3aBeT, H Ka)l{e: "EBO, eBO peQenTa no KOMe

CJIY)l{elbY CBHM HapOAHMa (ceTHMO ce AocTojeBcKoBor

JeBpejH yseK npHnpeMajy

H pYCKor - npaBOCJIaBHOr - CXBaTalba CBeqOBelliTBa Kao CJIY)l{elba CBHMa y

n06HO npBopoijeHe

CBojy naKJIeHY qop6Y:' 110 XHTJIepy, HHje focnoA

HO, OqHTO je Aa HeKHMa CMeTa OBOOTKpHBelbe 0 60rOH3a6paHOCTH npaBOCBeTOM, Hero y

rOBopa 0 I1YlIIKHHY

y ErHnTY, Hero cy TO }"IHHHJIH caMH JeBpejH, YApY)l{eHH

HAelbY 3a XpHCTOM). KaKO Ka)l{e AHApej KypajeB: "CaAa HeKH jeBpejcKH ny-

ca JIOKaJIHHMOJIOllieM. "fJIaBHa xYJba" Y ErHnTY je 6HO "qeAHH JOCHII

)Kl1qKI1 6narOBeCHI1K, cpe6pyap

2003, CTp. 50-51.

llITBY ,,)I(HqKOr 311aTOYCTa':KIbHre Koje ce nHllIY C QHJbeMp;HCKpep;HTaQHje H ,;p;eMHTOJIOrH3aQHje" HHKollajeBe CBeTOCTHjecy 3AXTEB p;a ce 036HJbHO cYOqHMO C HHKollajeBHM )l(HBOTOMH cTBapallalliTBoM.

235

234

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/ MHT

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y ,Uaxay"

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cy pe3YJITaTH

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cTBapaH

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- HaBO,l\H npoecop

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npHMepe1la

nOJIHQHje

je Hajnpe KO,l\ nella,

CCCP-a

y ,Uaxayy

3aTBopeHHKa'.

He-

noce6HO

3a Koje ce C

aBHjaQHje.

QPKBe y ,Uaxay je,

KOjH cy OHH HMaJIH 3a

- HaBO,l\H ayTOp. nJIaHOBHMa

H THTOBHX napTH3aHa,

HHCY 6HJIH MyqeHH HanpoTHB.

O,l\BojeHoM

- Y CKJIa,l\y

3a IbHXOBO aHranaTpHjapx

H MaJITpeTHpaHH

J1MaJIH cy CTaTYC TaKO-

nHJIH cy CMelUTeHH y 06jeKTY

H ,l\pyrHM

HCTpa)l(HBalba

360r

,l\OK ce 3a IbHXOBO HHTepHH-

H ,l\HnJIOMaTHje

npoTHB

HHKOJIaj

nOJIHTHliKHM

JIoropa,

CpnCKe

3Hallajy

O,l\HOCHO ca HaQHCTHliKHM 60p6H

HJIH UpBe-

BHHepBaJI,l\,

3BaHOM 'nYH-

,l\eJIY, HaMelbeHOM

yrJIe,l\HHM

BHCOKHM JIHlIHOCTHMa.

nOKa3yjy,

3aTHM, ,l\a cy JIH,l\epH CpncKe

nOCJIaTH y je,l\HO TypHCTHlIKo-6albcKo

MeCTO Ha 06aJIH

JbOTHheBcKe

,Upyror

rpa,l\Hhy

H lIeTHHlIKe

CBeTCKor paTa ,l\OlleKaJIH cy y XOTeJIY

cBoje KIbHre,

y,Uaxayy,

H QPKBeHHX H CBeTOBHHX KpyroBa YMHQa H MHCTHHKaQHja

CIlU,

oTnopa

TaKol)e

6YHKepa" Tpyne.

y paHQYCKoj, HeMaliKHM

1945.

KpajeM

HH Ibera,

npOnaraH,l\HOM

y)l(HBaJIH,

H 6HcKyn

H3 IlOJbCKe,

6YHKepy~

Kao H raBpHJIO

nOCJIe paTa rOBopHO

CHMnaTHje

npeMa

6Hh, KojH je, nOCJIe paTa, HanYCTHO CBellITeHHlIKH

lIJIaH KIlJ

H CJIY)l(6eHHK

jepol)aKoH

CTeBaH CTaKHh,

Ibe J1JIHh H ,l\pyre,

KH)I(,l\06paHCKH,

J13BplUHor

pa,l\HHK"

CBelUTeHHQHMa

Cp6CKHM

enHCKonHMa,

BJIa,l\HKe HeMHJIOCp,l\HO y6HjaJIH

je3epa

aHHKHja),

a 3aTOlieHe

BojBO,l\HHe;

nOCTaO

TaKaB je 6HBlUH

onpe,l\eJIHO

,l\a 6Y,l\e ",l\py-

npe,l\Y3eha;

nOMH-

penpe3eHTaTHBHH.

cJIyra

THToBor

pe)l(HMa,

HaM je, no-

HCTHHY: HaQHCTH cy, y CBOM O,l\HOCY npeMa

6HJIH 60JbH O,l\ KOMYHHCTa.

QPKBe

CIlU

TaKaB je BeJbKO na-

H ,l\HpeKTOp KOMYHHCTHlIKHX

nOJIHQHjcKH

,l\a ce HHKOJIaj

"YMPO O,l\ fJIa,l\H".

n03HB H YIUao YllHHOBHHlI-

KOjH ce, Kao lIJIaH KIlJ,

Cpe,l\HO, OTKpHO je,l\HY CTpalUHY

(,l\aKJIe,

KOjH je, nOCJIe ,Uaxaya,

Beha AIl

aJIH OBH cy MY noce6Ho

J1JIHh, ,l\yrorO,l\HIUIbH

aMepHliKe

- TO 6H 6HJIO, Y

J1JIHh TBp,l\H ,l\a cy ce y no-

KOjH cy ce HalUJIH y ,Uaxay jep cy nOCTaJIH napTH3aHH.

KY CJIY)l(6y; TaKaB je MHJIaH

"nOliaCHor

ca Ka3aHa CC-oBaQa

a HHalie 6H naTpHjapx

HCKa3yje

je

AJIH, TO OllHTO HHje HCTHHa, jep naTpH-

raBpHJIO je JOBaHY BeJIHMHpoBHhy

KlbH3H

K03aJI,

HH OH HHje

r,l\e cy ra OCJI060,l\HJIe

H raBpHJIO XpaHHJIH

HeKaKO CHaJIa3HO 3a 60JbY xpaHY,

MHXaJI

H HHKOJIaj;

HaQHCTH HHCY y6HJIH

,l\OK cy OCTaJIH fJIa,l\OBaJIH).

6HCKY-

rO,l\HHe. (IlHKe

je, Kao H OCTaJIH 3aTOlleHHQH

y JY)l(HH THpOJI,

HHKOJIaj

1943.

YMPO

CMHCJIY, KOHTpanpo,l\YKTHBHO.)

IUTBeHOnOJIHTHliKH

JIHlIHOCTH

lIHje je CBelUTeHCTBO capal)HBaJIO

3JIOCTaBJbalbeM,

Kao HH HHMeJIepa,

J1JIHh y CBojoj

H

6POjHHX He,l\O-

Hero H ,l\Ba pHMOKaTOJIHlIKa

IlHKe,

H 3JIOCTaBJbaH, a npe6alleH

lIaCHOM 6YHKepy

japx

ra6pHjeJI

6HO y "nOliaCHOM

6aTHHaH

raBpHJIa

,Uaxay HHCY 6HJIH caMO BHCOKH ,l\OCTO-

raBpHJIO H HHKOJIaj,

KOjH je, HCQpnJbeH

H Ha MOTHBe

naTpHjapxa

OKO Tor 3aTOlleHHIUTBa:'

na - paHQY3, Ha,l\6HcKyn C nOKpeTOM

,l\p J1JIHh YKa3yje

3a HaCTaHaK H O,l\p)l(aBalbe

J1JIHh HaM je YKa3ao ,l\a Y JIoropy jaHcTBeHHQH

,l\a

BojHe opMa-

KHQ6HJIY.

pa3MaTpalbHMa

HHKOJIaja

H ,l\pyrHM

H AYCTpHjH

Kao H Ha O,l\rOBOpHOCT noje,l\HHHX

YCKOKO-

reCTano

YAPY)l(eHe

lboTHheM

BO,l\HJIH no CJIOBeHHjH

eOHCKona

Myqe-

cTpaxoBalba

napTH3aHa

3aje,l\HO ca ,UHMHTpHjeM

KBHHCJIHH3HMa,

Moj

H OKOJIHHe y TO BpeMe. 3aTo ce O,l\JIyqHO ,l\a

npHBpeMeHO

Kep', O,l\HOCHO y lberOBOM

AYTOpoBa

06HI)y

XOTeJIHMa.

cy HX HeMQH,

cpncKHM

,l\BOHnOMeceliHor

MHTa 0 3aTOlleHHllITBY

,l\a cy OHH TaMO 360r

H IlaHlieBY.

O,l\MapaJIHIUTe

BehHHa lberOBHX JIOrOpallia.

3BaHHX 'noliacHHx

QPKBeHHM,

O,l\ cTpaHe

BeJIHKo,l\oCTojHltKa

He Hal)e 60Jba JIOKaQHja,

raBpHJIO H enHCKon

H36efJIHM

IlocJIe

r,l\e cy Hape,l\Ha ,l\Ba H no MeceQa

KojH cy YTHQaJIH Ha cTBapalbe

HHKOJIaj

3aropKa

,l\a Hehe 6HTH MeCTa caBe3HHlIKe

,l\BojHQe

,l\aKJIe, 6HJIO H3Hyl)eHo,

Kao orpOMHa

KO,l\ IlaHlieBa,

CMeCTH y HeKOM O,l\ KOHQeHTpaQHOHHX

- Ilpe6aQHBalbe

)l(OBalbe

- KacHHje

lIHlbeHHQaMa.

,l\a TO He6H 6HJIO ,l\OBOJbHO 6e36e,l\HO,

npeTnOCTaBJbaJIO

ca THM 3HallajeM,

npOBeJIH y TaMOIUIbHM

O,l\ MHHxeHa. cy y nell,

TpaH,l\'

HCTpa)l(HBalba,

H enHCKon

KHJIOMeTapa

EBO

y KOHQeHTpa-

Ha peaJIHHM

,l\p J1JIHha nOKa3yjy

neorpa,l\y

y lIYBeHO

aJIH je HaKHa,l\HO npOQeHHO

palbe

MHT 0 HaBO,l\Hoj HHKOJIaja

HCTe rO,l\HHe:'

BojJIOBHQe,

Koja ce npH6JIH)I(aBaJIa

60M6ap,l\OBalba

Ca)I(eTH y KIbH3H,

raBpHJIO

,l\aHa HOBeM6pa

H3 MaHacTHpa

HX, npHBpeMeHo,

2006).

aBrycT

HH HeKOJIHKO rO,l\HHa, HH HeKOJIHKO MeceQH,

He apMHje,

pa3JIOrOM

7.

J1JIHh. - Moja

IlaTpHjapx

HaQHCTa ,l\a 6H MOfJIH ,l\a 6y,l\y OCJI060l)eHH

npecTaHor

3a BpeMe

Beh caMO HelUTO BHlUe O,l\ MeceQ ,l\aHa - O,l\ 25.

aYTopH,

1944.,l\0

6HJIH npe6alleHH

raBpHJIa

,l\a ce Taj MHT He 3aCHHBa

naK, rOBope

cenTeM6pa

CTpa,l\alba

H3JIO)l(HO je y HHTepBjyy

HOBOCTH':

y TOM MeCTY npe6alleHH

3aKJbyqHHM

CBHX HCTpa)l(HBalba,

QHOHOM JIoropy

H TajHa

y,l\aJbeHO

onopaBKa

H enHCKona

,l\ao je CBOj ,l\onpHHoc

HHKOJIajeBor

YCKOKOBHh ("Belleplbe

UpKBa

raBpHJIa

2006)

(neorpa,l\,

YTHcaK je ,l\a je CBeCHO, O,l\HOCHO HaMepHo, HHlIKOj

IlpaBOCJIaBHa

naTpHjapxa

",l\eMHcTHHKoBaIbY"

KOjH je ,l\ao 3aropKH THXTe3a: "IlocJIe

KIbHre

H HCTHHa 0 3aTOlleHHlUTBY

70

llIJIHp3e,

(MHTpOnOJIHTa

He caMO IUHlUaJIH

KOMYHHCTH

cy cp6cKe

QPHoropCKo-npHMopCKor

H 6pHjaJIH,

Jo-

Hero H Ha CBaKH MoryhH

237

236 HaqHH nOHH:>KaBa1lH(MHTpOn01lHTa QPHOrOpCKOr npHMOpCKOr ApceHHja,

HajBepoBaTHHja npeTnOCTaBKa y BeSH ca THM BesaHa je sa HenocTojalbe

B1Ia):\HKYXBOCTaHCKOrBapHaBY). KOMYHHCTHcy Cp6CKOrCBelliTeHCTBa n06H-

paHQHja BesaHHX sa lbHXOBY 6es6e):\HOCT y TOM rpa):\y, KpajeM cenTeM6pa

1IH CKOpOK01lHKO H YCTallie. HeMQH Cy Cp6CKHX CBelliTeHHKa y6H1IH MHOrO

1944. H y6y):\yhe, C 06SHpOM Ha TelliKa 60M6ap):\oBalba KojHMa je Beq y TO BpeMe 6HO HS1I0:>KeH:'

Malbe. 1111Hhje 3aTOqHHK je):\He CTpaBHqHe npHqe, Koja jOlli HHje 3aBpllieHa, jep lberOBe KOJIel'eYABAIlII1 OTBapalbe apXHBa 0 npOrOHY ClIU,

AKO je TaKO, salliTO HX O):\Bo):\ey Aaxay, Ka):\je H HeMaqKa HenpeCTaHO

jOlli YBeK B1Ia):\ajy Cp6HjOM, H CnpeqaBajy H npahelbY lbeHHX enHCKOna, HapOqHTO

ra-

no):\ 60M6aMa? AKO je TaKO, salliTO HX y nOBpaTKY HS Aaxaya oneT ):\OBo):\e

TaKBHX KaKaB je 6HO HHK01laj. KOMYHHCTe H ):\aHaC60JIH lliTO HX je HHK01laj

y Beq? To lliTO XepMaH Hoj6axep

O):\aBHOnpOqHTaO, H 3aTO lliTO je CBHM CBOjHM 6HheM 6HO npOTHB lbHXOBor

SHaqH ):\a ajcTpHQepHHje SHao r):\e cy faBpH1I0 H HHK01laj - jep Hoj6axep

3110qHHaqKOr ):\e1l0Balba Mel)y Cp6HMa. OHH TO He MOry ):\a MY onpOCTe, ria

je 6HO qHHOBHHK MHHHCTapCTBa CnOJbHHXnOC1I0BaHeMaqKe, a ajcTpHQep

cy oneT cnpeMHH ):\a nOHy):\e cBoje ,,):\06pe YC1Iyre" cp60q,06HMa

Oq,HQHP feCTanoa, KOjH je, He 06aBelliTaBajyhH

KojHMa je

nOC1I0Ba, 06aBHO npe6aQHBalbe

HHK01laj TaKol)e TPH y OKY.

HHje SHao r):\e cy faBpH1I0 H HHK01laj He

MHHHCTapCTBO CnOJbHHX

Cp6CKHX Be1lHKO):\OCTojHHKa.I1s Hoj6axe-

pOBor npOTeCTa PH6eHTpony, H PH6eHTponOBHX ):\aJbHXaKQHja, BH):\Hce ):\a je feCTano 6HO cnpeMaH ):\a npel)e npeKO lbHXOBHX onaCKH, H ):\a pa):\H no' CBOMe,cMaTpajyhH ):\aje TO y onlliTeM HHTepecy.

J1JIHneBe Te3e H npep;y6el)elba

II

Ha Kpajy cBoje KlbHre, 1111HhH3HOCHqeTpHaeCT Tesa 0 O):\HOCYHeMaQa npeMa naTpHjapxy

faBpH1IY H B1Ia):\HKHHHK01lajy y ApyroM

1111Hh,Kao H CBaKH npaBH THTOB l)aK, Bepyje ):\aje l)eHepa1l MHxaH1I0-

CBeTCKOMpaTY.

MH heMo HacTojaTH Aa HX HSJIO:>KHMO, OHHM pe):\oM KOjH HaM je nHcaQ ):\ao, a

BHh 6HO capa):\HHK XHT1Iepa y BpeMe Apyror

):\asaTHM o):\rOBopHMO Ha CBaKY0):\lbHX. lIpe HOWTOTOypa):\HMO, nOHY):\Hhe-

lberOBHX "peKOHCTpYKQHja" ):\oral)aja HS OBeenoxe saCHHBa ce Ha qHlbeHHQH

MO pas1l0re s60r KOjHX MHC1IHMO):\aje 1111Hhca npe):\y6el)elbHMa npHcTynHo

):\a 1111Hhoceha HeTpneJbHBOCT npeMa faBpH1I0BOM H HHK01lajeBoM CTaBY

CBOjoj aHa1lHSH ):\oral)aja. lIpe CBera, TY cy paSMHlliJbalba 0 O):\Bol)elbY cp6-

Jyroc1I0BeHcKoj BOjCQH y oTaI,I6HHH. OH nOKyrnaBa ):\a Hac yaepH, Ha je):\aH

CKHX BeJIHKO,t(OCTojHHKaHS BojJIOBHQe y Aaxay, a saTHM H Tesa 0 raBpH1IY H

nocpe):\aH HaqHH, ):\acy Hoj6axep,

HHK01lajy Kao HSBpWKTeJbHMa BOJb€o):\pel)eHHx CTpYKTypa Tpeher Pajxa.

1Iaj y HSBeCHOMCMHC1IY6H1IH nOBesaHH y 60p6H npoTHB HOB H lIOJ, Koje je

I

CBeTCKor paTa. Be1lHKH ):\eo

Apa:>Ka, He):\Hh, JbOTHh, faBpH1I0 H HHKO-

BO):\HOMYApH "Mapllia1l" JocHn Bpos THTO. I1cTHHa je, Mel)YTHM, Bp1l0 jacHa: BPX ClIU

WlIHheaa peKOH(;TpyK~Hja ,t(oral)aja OKOo,t(Bol)elba naTpHjapxa faBpH1Ia

ClIU

jecTe 6HO ys Apa:>KY,saTO lliTO je 6HO ys KpaJba lIeTpa II. A1IH BPX

HHje 6HO ys XHT1Iepa. lIpe):\1Ia:>KyhH):\a ce naTpHjapx OC1I060):\HHeno-

H llJta,llHKe HHKOJIaja y ,D;axaYnyHa je Hspasa THna "MO:>K):\a je': "no cBeMY cy-

cpe):\He HeMaqKe CTpa:>Ke,):\aMY ce oMoryhH ):\aC1IY:>KH y Cp6CKHM xpaMOBHMa

):\ehH': "HSfJIe):\a': "Ma)J;aHeMa ,t(OBOJbHO no):\aTaKa, HnaK ..:' TaKo 1111HhTBp):\H

y AYCTpHjH,):\a ce OCTaBH cymH1IaH Ha):\sop JbY):\HC KojHMa ce BHl)a, Kao H

):\aje reCTanOBaQ ajcTpHQep14. cemeM6pa

):\a MY ce ):\onYCTH Besa ca enHCKonaTOM CIIU,

JocH4>a If: CHHO,l:(ClIU

1944. 06aBecTHo MHTpOn01lHTa

0 TOMe ):\a cy HeMQH CnpOBe1lH faBpH1Ia H HHK01laja

"TeK Mopa):\a ce onopaBH 0):\ JIOIlIEf

Hoj6axep

TPETMAHA

Ka:>Ke):\a faBpH1I0

nOC1Ie):\lbHXrO):\HHa".

y BHHepBa1l):\ KO,t(Beqa, r):\e he OBH HMaTH nYHY c1I060):\y H MohH ):\anpHMajy

(AaK1Ie, Hoj6axep

1IeKapa. To, no 1111Hhy,HHje 6H1Ia 1Ia:>KHaHHq,opMaQHja feCTanoa, Hero npe-

jepapxy

QHSHa, Kao H paHHje HHq,opMaQHje 0 lbHMa ):\BOjHQH ):\aBaHe CHHO):\y, lIa

lIpe):\par

HnaK, faBpH1I0 H HHK01laj HHCY OCTa1lHy BHHepBa1l):\y, Hero cy OTHlli1lH y

IlITO ce Apa:>KeTHqe, nOKyrnaj Hoj6axepa):\a

Aaxay. 1111HhoBaj MOMeHaTTYMaqH: "To lliTO nopyqHHK ajcTpHQepHape):\-

6HHaQHje Hehe ycneTH. Apa:>Ka he ):\p:>KaTHBesy C MHOrHMa, a1lH he OCTaTH

6HO JIOIlI;

je CBeCTaH):\aje HeMaqKH TpeTMaH npeMa Cp6CKOMnpBOHacynpoT

TOMe, MHpKO 1)opl)eBHh,

JOBaH Bajq,op):\ H

1111HhTBp):\e ):\aje Taj TpeTMaH 6HO AOBAP, KaTKa):\ OAJIWIAH.) ra yayqe y ):\a1leKOCe:>KHe KOM-

HHX 10-aK ):\aHa HHje Morao ):\a Ka:>Ker):\e ce Ha1laSe ):\BojHQa Be1lHKO):\OCToj-

BepaH sana):\HHM "caBesHHQHMa': Ha qHjOj cy cTpaHH 6H1Ie H faBpH1I0Be H

HHKa CpnCKe QPKBe nOC1Ie):\HQaje 6aHa1lHe qHlbeHHQe ):\aOHH ):\aHHMa HHCY

HHK01lajeBe cHMnaTHje H Te, 1945, Kao H 1941. rO):\HHe,jacHo ce BH):\HHS qH-

CTHSa1lH):\0 Beqa. C ):\pyre CTpaHe, Ka):\cy Beh CTHfJIH y Beq, OqHfJIe):\HOje ):\a

lbeHHQe ):\acy naTpHjapx Cp6CKH H B1Ia):\HKa:>KHqKHnOC1Ia1lHnHCMO Apa:>KH

je HelliTO HCKpC1I0lliTO je feCTano nOK01le6a1l0 y HaMepH ):\a HX TY sa):\p:>KH.

MHxaH1I0BHhy, n01l0BHHOM MapTa 1945. Apa:>Ka ce Ha1laSHOy BOCHH. TOM

IlITa je TO MOfJIO):\a6y):\e, He BH):\Hce HS CaqYBaHe HeMaqKe ):\OKYMeHTaQHje.

npH1IHKOM ):\06HO je H je):\HY HKOHY MajKe BO:>KjeHa 611arOC1I0B0):\ CBeTor

239

238

HHKOJIaja )l(HqKOr.,ll;pa)l(a

je 18. MapTa 1945. nOCJIao nopYKY Y Kojoj je H3-

2, 3. fecTano jecTe H3BpllIHO .n;enopTaQHjy faBpHJIa H HHKOJIaja y,ll;axay,

pa3Ho )I(eJby.n;a Cp6CKH apXHjepejH o.n;yY CA,ll;, r.n;e6H ce 60pHJIH ,,3a HallIY HaQHoHaJIHY cTBap': HHKOJIaj he THM nYTeM H KpeHYTH, qHM 6y.n;e Morao,

He KOHCYJITyjyhH Hoj6axepa,

.n;OKhe ce faBpHJIO BpaTHTH Y Cp6Hjy, .n;aTaMO nOHece KpCT, cKyna ca cBOjHM MHorocTpa.n;aJIHHM Hapo.n;oM.

,ll;axaya no.n;TellIKHM paTHHM YCJIOBHMa,BpJIO HapymeHor

llaTpHjapx

faBpHJIO H BJIa.n;HKaHHKOJIaj cy, O.n;Maxno H3JIacKY H3 ,ll;axa-

HHaqe npHJIHqHO pa3YMHor .n;HnJIOMaTYTpeher

Pajxa. ,ll;enopToBalbe CTapaQa 6HJIO je npaBO Myqelbe - OHH cy BO)l(eHH .n;o 4. llaTpHjapx

3.n;paBJba.

faBpHJIO H CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l(HqKH HHCY6HJIH ,ll;YfO y,ll;a-

xay, aJIH cy BJ.1JIJ.1,H TO ynpaBo y,ll;axay. OHH cy, nope.n; naCTopa MapTHHa

ya, nOKymaJIH .n;acTyne y Be3H ca 1)eHepaJIOMMHXaHJIOBHheM H oxpa6pe ra.

HHMeJIepa, HajyrJIe.n;HHjH xpHllIhaHH

- aHTHHaQHCTH KOjH cy y TOM JIoropy

TaKO je BojBo.n;a JeB1)eBHh o.n;faBpHJIOBOr ceKpeTapa,.n;p MHTpa I,IaKoBHha,

6HJIH. fpellIKe y paHHM 6HorpacpHjaMa HHKOJIajeBHM yrJIaBHOM nOTHqy H3

npHMHO nopYKY 3a ,ll;Pa)l(Y (17 . .n;eQeM6pa1944) .n;ahe faBpHJIO OCTaTH"H Y A'-

HeMOryllHOCTH .n;ace .n;o1)e.n;oBa'iH.n;He HCTopHjcKe rpa1)e H cypOBe 3a6paHe

6py H Y 3JIY" ca 1)eHepaJIOM,KOMeqeCTHTa HacTynajyhe XpHcToBe npa3HHKe.

THTOBor pe)l(HMa.n;a ce HHKOJIaj, Kao "paTHH 3JIOqHHaQ~y jaBHocTH yonllITe nOMHlbe (ro.n;HHe 1978, 3BaHHqHO je 3a6palbeHo YHollIelbe lberOBHX .n;eJIay

Y TO BpeMe, Hoj6axep

je HacTojao .n;anaTpHjapxa

cp6CKor H BJIa.n;HKY

)I(HqKOr aHra)l(yje 3a nOTpe6e HeMaqKe. Y TeJIerpaMY ynyheHoM jaHyapa 1945. MHHHCTPy PH6eHTpony, Hoj6axep Ka)l(e: ,,3a Hac je o.n;npeBacxo.n;He Ba)I(HOCTH .n;acpnCKor naTpHjapxa npH.n;o6HjeMo 3a aKTHBHO aHra)l(OBalbe

CPJ). Oae rpellIKe

npOTHB KOMYHH3Ma." Hoj6axep

cp6CKor Hapo.n;a.Malbe onpaB.n;alba HMa 3a OHe KOjH cy ce, o.n;noqeTKa 90-HX ro.n;HHa XX BeKa, 6aBHJIH HHKOJIajeBoM 6HorpacpHjoM. OHH cy MOpaJIH .n;a

je )I(eJIeo .n;aHe.n;Hha, lboTHha

H ,ll;Pa)l(y no-

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Oklevetani svetac : Vladika Nikolaj i srbofobija

I

I Miserabili - I

Algebra I: Pt. I

А.Насибов. I-W-I

Algebra I: Pt. I

I Think I Love You

I Think I Love You

Europe: I Struggle, I Overcome

I Do But I Don't

I Capuleti e i Montecchi

I Did Tell, I Did

I Do (But I Don't)

I Rant, Therefore I Am

Europe: I Struggle, I Overcome

I Think I Love You

Pars I: Exercitia Latina I

I Think, Therefore I Laugh

I Think I Love You

I Vecchi E I Giovani

I Write What I Like

I vecchi e i giovani

I Am What I Am

I Sommersi E I Salvati

Otvoreno društvo i njegovi neprijatelji (tom I i II)

Denial and Repression of Antisemitism: Post-communist Rememberance of the Serbian Bishop Nikolaj Velimirovic

I, Jedi

I Kill

Lalka I

Крейслериана (I)

Экспансия – I

Oklevetani svetac : Vladika Nikolaj i srbofobija

I

I Miserabili - I

Algebra I: Pt. I

А.Насибов. I-W-I

Algebra I: Pt. I

I Think I Love You

I Think I Love You

Europe: I Struggle, I Overcome

I Do But I Don't

I Capuleti e i Montecchi

I Did Tell, I Did

I Do (But I Don't)

I Rant, Therefore I Am

Europe: I Struggle, I Overcome

I Think I Love You

Pars I: Exercitia Latina I

I Think, Therefore I Laugh

I Think I Love You

I Vecchi E I Giovani

I Write What I Like

I vecchi e i giovani

I Am What I Am

I Sommersi E I Salvati

Otvoreno društvo i njegovi neprijatelji (tom I i II)

Denial and Repression of Antisemitism: Post-communist Rememberance of the Serbian Bishop Nikolaj Velimirovic

I, Jedi

I Kill

Lalka I

Крейслериана (I)

Экспансия – I

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