Myofascial muscle chains

MYOFASCIAL MUSCLE CHAINS PETER D.M. JONCKHEERE, Physical therapy, Principal Teacher Myofascial Therapy, Belgium. E-ma...

Author: Peter Jonckheere | Jan Pattyn

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MYOFASCIAL MUSCLE CHAINS

PETER D.M. JONCKHEERE, Physical therapy, Principal Teacher Myofascial Therapy, Belgium.

E-mail: [email protected]. JAN A.J. PATTYN, Physical therapy, Teacher Myofascia I Therapy, Belgium.

Objectives: To present a handy survey of the myofascial classification of the muscles according to their pain region in

function of their focus and radiation. With this survey the myofascial muscle chains can be consulted instantly.

Methods:

In function of the myofascial pain regions, per muscle, painfocus and radiation pain have been visually presented on the computer, based upon data out of the international myofascial literature. Out of these findings, for each myofascial region, primary (muscles that give focal pain) and secondary (muscles that give radiation pain) myofascial muscle chains were determined and charted.

Results: 1. Classification of the muscles divided into

61 pain regions according to focality and radiation.

2. Classification of the associated chains in dysfunction according to pain region. 3. Classification of the development of myofascial muscle chains departing from a well-defined muscle. 4. Classification of the myofascial muscle chains where a well-defined muscle occurs in the muscle chain of another muscle.

Conclusions:

The examiner or therapist can easily trace the myofascial dysfunctions with the help of a compact reference book (practical workbook). The progress of pain can be explained by the development of the myofascial - muscle chains and so there is a point of application to dissolve myofascial dysfunctions efficiently by means of these causal muscle chains.

ISBN: 90-804265-1-2

FRONT

23

P. Face - Upper Cheek & Jaw ...... . . . .. .. .... . 12 .

Face - Lower Cheek & Jaw .

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107

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. . . 13 14 Ear - TMJ . . ... . .. . . . . .. . . . 15 Teeth . . .... . .. .. . . ... 16 Throat . ..... .. .. ... . . .. . . .... ... 17 Head - Frontal . .. . 18 Head - Temporal . . . . 21 Head - Vertex . . . . . 23 Shoulder Anterior ..........................................40 Shoulder Lateral. ...........................................46 Upperarm Anterior . ..... ... . . . . ........ 49 Upperarm Lateral ..........................................53 Elbow - Epicondylus Lateralis .......................54 Elbow - Epicondylus Medialis .......................56 Elbow - Antecubital .......................................58 Forearm - Volar .............................................59 Forearm - Radial .. . ....... . . ... ......61 Forearm - Ulnar . .. . . 62 Hand - Wrist - Radial . . .. . ..... .. 66 Hand - Volar side & Wrist ............................. 69 Hand - Wrist - Ulnar ......................................71 Fingers Volar . . . . ..... 75 Chest - Front .. .. . . .. .. ... ....... .. .. .. .. 76 Chest Side . .. .. . .. .. ... ..... .. 78 Abdomen .......................................................79 Groin .............................................................83 Hip - Anterior .................................................85 Thigh - Medial ...............................................89 Thigh - Anterior ................................... : .........90 Thigh - Lateral. ..............................................94 Knee - Anterior ..............................................97 Knee - Medial. . . . .. ... . ............. ..... . . ..99 Knee - Lateral ............................................. 100 Leg - Anterior (shank) ................................. 101 Leg - Lateral. ............................................... 104 Leg - Medial ................................................ 105 Ankle - Malleolus Externus ......................... 106 Ankle - Malleolus Internus .. . .. 107 Foot - Dorsal ............................................... 110 .

Eye

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BACK

23

P. Ear - TMJ

Head - Occipital Head - Vertex

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Neck - Posterior

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Back - Upper-Thoracic Back - Mid-Thoracic Back - Lumbar Back - Sacral

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Back - Low-Thoracic

Back - SIJ

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Back - Coccyx

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Shoulder Posterior Shoulder Lateral

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Upperarm Posterior Upperarm Lateral

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Elbow - Epicondylus Lateralis Elbow - Epicondylus Medialis Elbow - Olecranon Forearm - Dorsal Forearm - Radial Forearm - Ulnar

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Hand - Wrist - Ulnar Fingers Dorsal

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Hand - Wrist - Radial

Chest - Side

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Hand - Dorsal side & Wrist

Buttock

15 19 23 24 25 27 30 31 34 37 39 43 46 51 53 54 56 57 60 61 62 63 66 71 73 78 80 87 89 92 94 95 99 1 00 102 104 105 106 108

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Hip - Lateral

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Thigh - Medial

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Thigh - Posterior Thigh - Lateral

Knee - Posterior Knee - Medial Knee - Lateral

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Leg - Posterior (calf) Leg - Lateral Leg - Medial

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Ankle - Malleolus Externus Foot - Plantar

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73

Peter Jonckheere Jan Pattyn


Trigger

vzw

Title: "Myofascial Muscle Chains" Authors:

Peter D.M. Jonckheere Jan A.J. Pattyn

Cover: Ignace Pattyn Translation: Kathelijne Decloedt

Copyright

© 1998

Trigger vzw

234 8310 Brugge

Weidestraat Belgium

All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copywright owner.

Printed in Belgium - All rights reserved. ISBN

90-804265-1-2

979287


THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Index

Introduction

1

Chapter 1 : Practical Working Method

2

Procedure chapter 4 : muscle chains according to their pain region

2

Procedure chapter 5 : the muscle chains of each particular muscle

4

Chapter 2 : Definitions

7 Myofascial Muscle Chains Trigger Point

Chapter 3 : Algometrics

7 8

9 Purpose

9

Myofascial Dysfunctions

10

Myofascial Pain Index (MPI) Conclusions

9 10

11

Chapter 4 : Myofascial Chains in function of the pain region Face - Upper Cheek & Jaw Face - Lower Cheek & Jaw Eye

Ear - TMJ Teeth Throat Head - Frontal

Head - Occipital

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Head - Temporal

19 21

Neck - Posterior

24

Head - Vertex

Back - Upper-Thoracic

23

25 27

Back - Mid-Thoracic Back - Low-Thoracic

30

Back - Lumbar

31

Back - Sacral

Back - SIJ

34

37

Back - Coccyx

39

Shoulder - Posterior

43

Shoulder - Lateral

46

Shoulder - Anterior

Upperarm - Anterior Upperarm - Posterior Upperarm - Lateral Elbow - Epicondylus Lateralis Elbow - Epicondylus Medialis Elbow - Olecranon Elbow - Antecubital Forearm - Volar

40

49 51 53 54

56 57 58 59

Forearm - Dorsal

60

Forearm - Ulnar

61 62

Forearm - Radial

Hand Dorsal Side & Wrist

63

Hand - Wrist - Radial

66

Hand - Wrist - Ulnar Fingers - Dorsal

71 73

Fingers - Volar Chest - Front

76

Hand Volar Side & Wrist

Chest - Side Abdomen Buttock

69

75 78 79

80

Groin

83

Hip - Anterior

85

Hip - Lateral

87

Thigh - Medial

89

Thigh - Anterior

90

Thigh - Posterior

92 94

Thigh - Lateral Knee - Posterior Knee - Anterior Knee - Medial

95 97

Knee - Lateral

99 100

Leg - Anterior (shank)

101

Leg - Posterior (calf)

102

Leg - Lateral

104 105

Leg - Medial

Ankle - Malleolus Externus

106

Ankle - Malleolus Internus

107 108

Foot - Plantar Foot - Dorsal

Chapter 5 : Myofascial Muscle Chains per muscle Abductor Digiti Minimi (fingers) Abductor Hallucis Adductor Brevis Adductor Hallucis

110

11 2 113 114 115 118

Adductor Longus

119

Adductor Magnus

122

Adductor Pollicis Anconeus Biceps Brachii

124 125

126

Biceps Femoris

128

Brachialis

130

Brachioradialis Coccygeus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus

Digastricus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

132

134 135 137 140 141 143 146

Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)

147

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

151

Extensor Digitorum Longus

152

Extensor Hallucis Longus

155

Extensor Indicis

157

Flexor carpi Radialis

158

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

160

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

149

154

Flexor Digitorum Longus

161 162

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus

164

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

165

Flexor Hallucis Longus

166

Flexor Pollicis Longus

167 168

Gastrocnemius Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Gracilis Iliocostalis Lumborum Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliopsoas Infraspinatus

170 172 175 178 179

181 183 185

Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (fingers)

188

Interosseus Dorsalis 1 (toes)

190

Latissimus Dorsi Levator Ani

Levator Scapulae

191 194

195

Longissimus Thoracis

196 199

Multifidus (neck)

201

Multifidus (back) Obliquus Externus Abdominis

202

Obturatorius Internus Occipitofrontalis

205 206

Opponens Pollicis

207

Orbicularis Oculi

208

Masseter

204

Palmaris Longus

209 210

Pectineus Pectoralis Major

212

Pectoralis Minor

215

Peroneus Brevis

217 218

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius

220

Piriformis

221

223 224

Plantaris Popliteus

Pronator Teres Pterygoideus Lateralis

225

Pterygoideus Medialis

227

226

Quadratus Lumborum

228

Quadratus Plantae

231

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

232

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius

234

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

237

Rectus Abdominus

240

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

235

Rhomboideus Major

242

Rhomboideus Minor

243 244

Sartorius Scalenus

246

Semimembranosus

249

Semispinalis Capitis

251

Semispinalis Cervicis

252

253

Semitendinosus

Serratus Anterior

255

Serratus Posterior Inferior

256 257

Serratus Posterior Superior Soleus

258

Splenius Capitis

260

Splenius Cervicis

261

Sternalis

263 264 267

Sternocleidomastoideus Suboccipitale Subscapularis

268

Supinator

270

Supraspinatus

272

275

Temporalis Tensor Fasciae Latae

Teres Major

Teres Minor Tibialis Anterior Tibialis Posterior Trapezius

Triceps Brachii

.

277 278 280 282

283 284 287

Foreword

For the therapist who has to deal with a pain problem of the locomotor system there is an enormous amount of information available. Along with the "classical" orthopaedic approach, the manual, osteopathic or chiropractical vision, the electro magnetical therapies a.o. acupuncture etc., the Myofascial approach gains more and more importance. For a great number of therapists, Myofascial Therapy is the ideal completion of their other techniques.

This new book: "Myofascial Muscle Chains" is to be situated within the Myofascial Therapy. With impatience we have been looking forward to this book. It really fills up a gap in which the myofascial pain therapist will find practical information which cannot be

found anywhere at the moment.

How did this book come into existence? Why throw a book about Muscle Chains and more specifically Myofascial Muscle Chains on the market? The deeper roots of "Myofascial Muscle Chains" can naturally be found in the splendid basic work written by Travell and Simons: Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual I and II. In this systematic work, Travell and Simons make mention of the fact that each

particular muscle has associated muscles. When active trigger points are found in one particular muscle, Travell discovered on

a clinical

basis that there

are

permanent connections between this muscle and other muscles. In practice this means that, when dealing with a pain problem, one muscle is found to be prominent, the associated muscles have to be checked and treated as well. Peter Jonckheere is

the principal

teacher

of

the highly

qualified course

of

"Myofascial Therapy" at the Jing Ming School in Flanders, Belgium. On the basis of his clinical practice and his intrrest in computer programs he went in search of

systems among these associated muscles and created the concept "Myofascial Muscle Chains" in the early 90ties.

With the help of his own ingeniously built-up schedule of muscles and the year-long clinical testing and debating with his students, this basic concept was gradually turned into what is lying now in front of you: a very handy workbook about clinically relevant links between muscles and their pain patterns. The manual is divided into 2 chapters: In the first chapter the therapist can start from the PAIN REGION. For this region all prominent muscles are presented into a schedule, together with

their associative chains. (The definitions of these chains can be found in an

introductory chapter). In this way the therapist immediately knows which main muscles he is dealing with.

In the second chapter the therapist can start from a MUSCLE. Which chains start from this muscle and which chains this muscle forms a part of? In that way surprising links between muscles of the same region occur. Links can also be made with more distant muscles. This knowledge can help the

treatment spectacularly.

The neurological segment per muscle is also mentioned: in that way the link between the relevant muscle chains and potenially primary dysfunctions in the vertebral column can be put more easily. Both authors are teachers at the Jing Ming School for "Myofascial Therapy" in Belgium.

Peter Jonckheere works as a physiotherapist in Bruges, is a pioneer of the Myofascial Therapy in Flanders, Belgium. He started the above training from scratch and is author of some basic works on MT.: 'Spieren en Dysfuncties, Trigger Punten,

Basisprincipes van de Myofasciale Therapie', Publ. SATAS and 'Pijn, u kunt er iets aan doen', Publ. SAT AS. Peter is vice-president of the Myofascial Therapists' Association and editor of

"Trigger Nieuws", the three-monthly magazine about MT.

Jan Pattyn works as a physiotherapist in Torhout, attended the training as a student of Peter's and some years ago he was qualified as a fellow-teacher. His enthusiasm and dynamism formed the start of their co-operation which resulted in the publishing of this manual in less than 1 year. As president of 'Trigger", ex-student and fellow teacher of the training and dedicated user and defender of the MT., I am convinced this manual is indispensable in the library of every pain therapist. Moreover, it deserves a place, within reach, to be

consulted easily, between two palpations or function tests, which, sadly enough, can not be said of a lot of manuals.

Kris Demanet, M.D. Sports Medicine Private Practice Torhout, Belgium.



Introduction

Objectives To present a handy survey of the myofascial classification of the muscles according to their pain region

in function of their focus and radiation. With

this survey the myofascial muscle chains can be consulted instantly.

Methods In function of the myofascial pain regions, per muscle, painfocus and radiation pain have been visually presented on the computer, based upon data out of the international myofascial literature. Out of these findings, for each myofascial region, primary focal pain)

(muscles that give

and secondary (muscles that give radiation pain)

myofascial

muscle chains were determined and charted.

Results 1. Classification of the muscles

divided into 61 pain regions according to

focality and radiation. 2. Classification of the associated chains in dysfunction according to pain

region.

3. Classification of the development of myofascial muscle chains departing from a well-defined muscle.

4. Classification of the myofascial muscle chains where a well-defined muscle occurs in the muscle chain of another muscle.

Conclusions The examiner or therapist can easily trace the myofascial dysfunctions with the help of a compact reference book (practical workbook). The progress of pain can be explained by the development of the myofascial muscle chains and so there is a point of application

to dissolve myofascial

efficiently by means of these causal muscle chains.

dysfunctions

Chapter 1 Practical working-method

Myofascial therapy treats, by means of trigger points, pains that are caused by the malfunctioning of muscles. The purpose of this work is to present a handy survey of the myofascial classification of the muscles according to their pain region, in function of focus and radiation. This survey enables the user to consult the myofascial muscle chains instantly.

Procedure chapter 4 region

muscle chains according to their pain

PURPOSE: searching the main muscles starting from the pain region indicated by the patient. We argue horizontally. How do we determine which muscles are responsable for pain in a certain region? We start from a specific pain region, indicated by the patient Per pain region you get a survey of the primary and secondary muscle chains minimum 3 muscles that cause focal pain.

•

primary m uscle chain

•

secondary m uscle chain

=

=

minimum 3 that cause referred pain.

e.g. patient complains of pain in the neck.

pain focus

referred pain

Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck) Trapezius (TP1 ,2,3)

Infraspinatus (Upper 2TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Suboccipital

Out of this schedule we immediately read there are 4 muscles that cause focal pain in the neck. By means of algometries (see chapter 2) we can determine which of these muscles contain an active trigger point. active TP

=

TP that provokes the recognizable pain when palpated.

2

An association m uscle chain can start from each muscle with an active TP out of the primary muscle chain. •

association m uscle chain

=

a muscle chain that only consists of muscles that

from their muscle in dysfunction develop TPs in associated muscles.

Example 1

:

our patient with pain in the neck shows an active TP in the M. Multifidus

Multifidus

Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervi cis

This schedule shows that the M.Multifidus has 5 associative muscles.

Which of these 5 associative muscles also cause focal or referred pain? Multifidus(neck)

In our example the 2 above-mentioned muscles are the only ones that cause focal pain in the neck. We speak of a primary association chain. We neglect the M.Sternocieidomastoideus because this muscle only causes radiation pain for the neck and therefore cannot be fitted into the primary association chain. In this book we only sum up the sheer primary and secondary association chains in function of each pain region. Example 2

:

our patient with pain in the neck shows an active TP in the M. Splenius Cervicus.

Splenius Cervicis

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis Suboccipital

This schedule shows the M. Splenius Cervicus contains 4 associative muscles. Which of these 4 associative muscles also cause focal or radiation pain?

Splenius Cervicis

Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal)

3

In our example only the 2 above-mentioned muscles. Since both cause merely radiation pain, we can speak of a secondary association chain. For the same reason the M. Trapezius does not belong here. In this chapter we have determined which muscles are myofascially involved in a certain pain region . When we want to go further into this matter, we consult chapter 5 : the muscle chains of each particular muscle. In that way we can put the links to other pain regions.

procedure Chapter 5 muscle

the muscle chains of each particular

PURPOSE: Finding the links (possibly to other pain regions) starting from the muscle that is already defined.

The working-method is vertical. We start from a muscle in dysfunction , as defined in chapter 3. e.g. a dysfunction of the M. Trapezius. Chains starting from the Trapezius

We give a catalogue of the muscles associated with the M. Trapezius. associated muscles (according to Travell & Simons)

Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis

We now give a catalogue of the primary and secondary asociative chains starting from the M. Trapezius in function of the different pain regions. Primary associated chains

Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP 1 ,2,3)

head - lateral

neck - posterior

etc.

4

Secundary associated chains

head - occipital

Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Scalenus

shoulder - posterior

Chains in which Trapezius is involved

Dealing with a chronological complaint in which different pain regions are involved, you don't always find the solution to the problem, because already several muscle chains have developed and succeeded one another. To go back to the initial muscle chain we have to proceed in a reversed order . We can do this by looking in which chain of another muscle the Trapezius occurs. The scheme below shows the muscle of which the Trapezius is an associative muscle. Supraspinatus associated muscles (according to Travell & Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Simons) Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Capitis Biceps Brachii We schedule all the different associative chains which the M. Trapezius occurs in.We make three columns. Firstly, the muscle out of which the associative chain starts. In the second column, the likely involved pain region and in the third column the actual associative chain which the M. Trapezius occurs in.

Primary associated chains ... Levator Scapulae

Trapezius

Suboccipital

..

neck posterior

head-lateral

.

5

Trapezius

(contralateral, TP1,2,3) Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP1)

Secundary associated chains ... Rhomboideus Minor Sternocleidom astoideus

...

back mid - thoracic

Trapezius

head occipital

Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3)

6

Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Temporalis

Chapter 2 Definitions

Myofascia/ Muscle Chains Conditions: •

the presence of at least 3 muscles

•

the presence of at least 1 TP per muscle involved

•

the presence of at least 1 active TP in the chain

Kinds:

Direct myofasciaJ muscle chain Collection of muscles that, in dysfunction,can cause pain, for a well-defined region. Primary direct myofascia/ muscle chain

Collection only of muscles that , in dysfunction, for a well-defined region, can cause FOCAL PAIN.

Secondary direct myofascia/ muscle chain

Collection of muscles that, in dysfunction, can cause not merely focal but referred pain as well.

MyofasciaJ Associative muscle chain Collection of muscles that starting from their muscle in dysfunction develop associative TPs in other muscles.

Primary myofascia/ associative muscle chain

Collection

of

muscles

that,

starting

from

their

muscle

in

dysfunction, develop associative TPs that cause FOCAL pain for a well-defined region. Secondary myofascia/ associative muscle chain

Collection

of

muscles

that,

starting

dysfunction, develop associative TPs

merely focal pain for a well-defined region.

7

from

their

muscle

in

that not necessarily cause

Trigger Point A self-maintaining hyper-irritable spot in a skeleton muscle or its associated fascia.

Active Trigger Point A very sensitive spot that , when palpated, causes an identifiable pain that totally or partly agrees with the pain track of the muscle in dysfunction.

Latent Trigger Point A spot that causes local pain only when palpated.

False Positive Trigger Point A spot that causes referred pain: or:

- not in accordance with the identifiable pain

or:

- in accordance with the specific track for this trigger point but with an algometric score higher than the MPI

8

Chapter 3 Algometries

Purpose The purpose of algometrics is to define whether a TP is active, latent, falsely positive or absent.This knowledge is based on the most recent data from the American study: "PressureThreshold for referred pain by compression on the trigger point and adjacent area." (Chang-Zern Hong, Yuh-Ning Chen, Debra, Twehous, Dennis H. Hong. Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain.)

Myofascial Pain Index (MPI) Pain is subjective. To get an idea by means of algometrics of the pain the patient experiences , we must be able to make an objective evaluation. By means of the calculation of a myofascial pain index we can estimate objectively the value of the pain the patient can bear. The MPI is calculated by measurements on the 18 Tender Points with the Algoprobe® . The Algoprobe®

is an

electric algometer

automatically calculated .

by

means

of

which

the

MPI

is

,

The trigger point research is linked to the MPI and evaluated in that way in function of the individual pain threshold of each patient.

These are the locations of the Tender Points we have to measure :

1.

occiput : at the insertions of the Suboccipital muscles.

2.

lower cervical: at the anterolateral aspect of C5-C6

3.

edge of trapezius: in the middle of the shoulder

4. supraspinatus: the fossa supraspinatus at the medium edge of the scapula 5.

second rib: up lateral at the sterno-costal junction

6.

lateral epicondyl: 2 cm distal of the epicondyl

7.

knee: at the medium fleshy thickness proximal of the jOint

8. major trochanter: posterior of the prominentia trochanterica 9. gluteal: in the upper lateral quadrant anterior The MPI is the average pressure that is measured at these 18 Tender point locations (9 right - 9 left) =>

18 values have to be registered by pressure with the probe

=>

The MPI is simply the average value measured at the Tender Points.

Here comes an example how the MPI is calculated.

9

e.g.

left

right

TeP 1

3,70

4,30

TeP2

3,30

3,30

TeP3

4,80

5,30

TeP4

4,00

3,60

TePS

3,90

3,50

TeP6

3,60

4,30

TeP7

6,10

7,40

TeP8

8,90

7,20

TeP9

6,20

4,50

44,50

43,40

4,94

4,82

MPI

4,88

0,12

at the insertions Suboccipital muscles anterolateral aspect C5-C7 middle point of the shoulder fossa supraspinatus, medium edge scapula upper lateral at costochondral junction rib 2 2 cm distal of the epicondylus lateralis at the medium side of the knee posterior of prominentia trochanterica in upper exterior quadrant

The calculation of an individual MPI is essential for the following reasons:

I.

pain is subjective and has to be assessed objectively and individually.

2. when, as in the example above, a palpation pressure of 2 kg is used, a lot of muscle indications will be missed, as for this person too little pressure is given. When, on the other hand, a palpation pressure of 6 kg is used, this is too high for this person and a lot of false positive results will be registered. 3.

when

diagnosing myofascial dysfunctions, this MPI is determining whether we

are dealing with active TPs, latent TPs or with False positive TPs. This information is essential as to stipulate the way of treatment.

Myofascial dysfunctions In function of the pain region

(dr. Chapter 4) and the already determined MPI we

measure the Trigger Points that are considered. In function of the individual pain index we can automatically read whether a Trigger Point is active, latent or falsely positive. A TP is active when it has a lower score than the MPI and is attended with the typical referred pain . A TP is latent with a lower score than the MPI but without radiation. A TP is falsely positive when it has referred pain with a score higher than the MPI or when the patient experiences a non-recognizable referred pain with a score lower than the MPI.

Conclusions. It is useless to apply algometrics without determining a Myofascial Pain Index. The interpretation of the measurements can only be objectified in function of the patient himself.

10

Chapter 4

Myofascial Chains in function of the pain region

11

Face - Upper Cheek & Jaw referred pai n

pain focus

Masseter Pterygoideus Lateralis Zygomaticus Major Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Soleus (Iat UTP)

Tempora lis (3 anterior TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Masseter Orbicularis Oculi Platysma Pterygoideus Medialis

Masseter

Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis

Pterygoideus Lateralis Zygomaticus Major Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)

Soleus

Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Haliucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Haliucis Longus Peroneus Tertius


Masseter

Sternocleidomastoideus

Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Temporalis

12

Face - Lower Cheek & jaw pain focus

referred pain

Masseter Trapezius (TP1)

Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Digastricus Platysma Pterygoideus Medialis

Masseter

Temporalis Pterygoideus Med ialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis

Trapezius (TP 1 )


Masseter

Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus

13

Eye pain focus

referred pain

Masseter Occipitofrontalis (UTP) Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Orbicularis Oculi

Suboccipital Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP1 )

Masseter

Temporalis Pterygoideus Med ialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior)

Occipitofrontal is Splenius Cervicis

Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal )

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Splenius Capitis Suboccipital Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Ocu li Occipitofronta lis

Orbicularis Oculi Primary associated chains

Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)

Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi


Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Splenius Cervicis (UTP)

Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP 1 ) SL\boccipital Trapezius (TP1 )

14

Ear TMJ -

pain focus

. referred pain

Masseter Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Sternocleidomastoideus (clavicular) Masseter

Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Sternocleidomastoideus

Splenius Cervi cis (UTP)

Temporalis Pterygoideus Med ialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis

Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Ocul i Occipitofrontalis

Primary associated chains

Masseter

Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis

15

Teeth referred pain

pain focus

Temporalis (TP1) (upper incisor teeth) Temporalis (TP2) (upper premolar teeth) Temporalis (TP3) (upper molar teeth) Digastricus (anterior part) (lower incisor teeth) Masseter (superficial part) (upper molar teeth) Masseter (superficial part) (lower molar teeth)


Temporalis

Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Temporalis Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis

Digastricus Masseter


Masseter Digastricus

Digastricus Temporalis Masseter Temporalis Secundary associated chains

Temporalis

Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus

16

Throat pain focus

referred pain

Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus (sterna/)


Digastricus

Masseter Temporalis Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Ocu li Occipitofrontalis

Sternocieidomastoideus

17

Head - Frontal referred pain

pain focus

Masseter Occipitofrontalis Sternocleidomastoideus (clavicular) Zygomaticus Major Temporalis (anterior 2 TPs)

Semispinalis Capitis Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Suboccipital


Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis

Zygomaticus Major Occipitofrontalis Masseter

Temporalis

Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) D igastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior) Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus


Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter /

Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus

18

Head - Occi pital pain focus

referred pain

Sternocleidomastoideus Semispinalis Cervicis Trapezius (TP1,2,3) Digastricus (Post TP)

Semispinalis Capitis Temporalis ( Post TP) I nfraspinatus (Upper 2 TPs) Occipitofrontalis Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Suboccipital


Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis Multifidus ( neck) Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Levator Scapulae Sternocleidomastoideus Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis

Semispi nalis Cervicis

Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3)

Digastricus

19



Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3)

Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Cervicis Temporalis Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3) Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis

/

20

Head - Temporal /

pain focus

referred pain

Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Semispinalis Capitis Occipitofrontalis Suboccipital Temporalis Trapezius (TP1) Masseter (superficial lower 2 TPs)

Masseter Splenius Cervicis


Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Cervicis Splenius Cervi cis Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck)


Occi pitofronta lis Suboccipital

.

Temporalis

Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Capitis Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck) Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus

21

Trapezius

Masseter

Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralatera l ) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) D igastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior)


Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus

Trapezius Temporalis Masseter

Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP1 ) Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP 1 ) Occipitofrontalis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Masseter Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus


Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus

Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP)

22

Head - Vertex pain focus

referred pain

Splenius Capitis

Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal )

Splenius Capitis

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Suboccipital

23

Neck - Posterior referred pain

pain focus

Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck) Trapezius (TP1,2,3)

I nfraspinatus (Upper 2TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Suboccipital

Splenius Cervicis

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis Suboccipital Splenius Cervicis Scalenus Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Su praspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis

Levator Scapulae Multifidus

Trapezius


Multifidus(neck) Trapezius

Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 .2.3)


Splenius Cervicis

Suboccipital $ternocleidomastoideus

24

Back - Upper-Thoracic pain focus

referred pain

Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (TP5)

Biceps Brachii Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis (T6) Multifidus (neck) Supraspinatus Trapezius (TP2,3) Triceps Brachii (caput longum)

Levator Scapulae

Splenius Cervicis Scalenus Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspi natus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP2 ,3) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis

Rhomboideus Minor

Scalenus

Trapezius

25


Rhomboideus Minor Trapezius

Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)


Scalenus

26

Back - M id-Thoracic pain focus

referred pain

Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (TP4) Iliocostalis Thoracis (T6) Infraspinatus (lower medial TP) Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Multifidus(back) (T3) Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior

Multifidus (neck) Levator Scapulae Subscapularis Trapezius (TP3-TP5)

Rhomboideus Major

Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP2,3) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachiorad ialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus M inor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior

Scale'lus

Trapezius

Iliocostalis Thoracis

27

I nfraspinatus

Latissimus Dorsi

Multifidus(back)

Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior

Rhomboideus Minor

Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus (Anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Su bsca pularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Subscapularis I liocostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus(neck) Levator Scapulae Trapezius Infraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor

28


Iliocostalis Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi

Multifidus(back) Rhomboideus Major Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor

Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior l Iiosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior I nfraspinatus Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Trapezius I nfraspinatus


Rhomboideus Minor

29

Back - Low-Thoracic pain focus

referred pain

Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Iliocostalis Thoracis (UTP - T11) Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi(UTP)

Serratus Anterior Trapezius (TP3)

Rectus Abdominus

Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Teres Major Triceps Brach ii (caput longum) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Subscapularis I liocostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior


Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi


I liocostalis Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi

Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior I liocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior I nferior

30

Back - Lumbar pain focus

referred pain

Multifidus (back) (L2) Quadratus Lumborum (superficial) Longissimus Thoracis (UTP-L1) Gluteus Medius (med - lat TP) Rectus Abdominis (UTP) Iliocostalis Thoracis (UTP - T11) Iliopsoas Soleus (Iat UTP)

Serratus Posterior I nferior I liocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Longissimus Thoracis (UTP- T1 0)

Multifidus (back)

Latissimus Dorsi Quad ratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Quad ratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gl uteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Latissimus Dorsi Quad ratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Pi riformis Gl uteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (Posterior) Tensor Fasciae Latae Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor B revis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior

Quadratus Lumborum


Gluteus Medius (med TP)

Rectus Abdominus

I liocostalis Thoracis

31

I l iopsoas

Soleus

Q uadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Q uadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumboru m Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius

32


Quadratus Lumborum

I liopsoas

Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominis I liocostalis Thoracis Secundary associated chains

Quadratus Lumborum I liopsoas Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Thoracis L----

I liocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Iliocostalis Lumborum LonQissimus Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior

Remark

Eventually we can take the Hamstrings as a key for the low back pain in this region. In this book we didn't take them in the muscle chains.

33

Back - Sacral pain focus

Multifidus (back) (S1-S4) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Piriformis Gluteus Medius (Iat TP - med TP) Gluteus Maximus (Iat UTP - med UTP) Soleus (Iat UTP) Quadratus Lumborum (deep) Coccygeus Sphincter Ani Levator Ani Longissimus Thoracis (UTP - L1) Iliopsoas

referred pain

Q uadratus Lumborum (superficial) Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis (UTP - T1 0-1 1 ) I liocostalis Thoracis (UTP - T1 1 )

Multifidus (back)

Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Tensor Fascia latae Gluteus Medius (posterior part) Gluteus Minimis (posterior part) Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumboru m I l iopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

Rectus Abdominus

Piriformis

Gluteus Med ius

Gluteus Maximus

34

Soleus

Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Quadratus Lumborum

Coccygeus Sphincter An i Levator Ani Longissimus Thoracis

Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus M edius Gluteus Minimus I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervi cis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck)

I liopsoas

35


Gluteus Medius Piriformis

Gluteus Maximus Quadratus Lumborum I liopsoas

Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis I l iopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) I liopsoas Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Recus Abdominus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Secundary associated chains

Gluteus Maximus

I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas

36

Back SIJ -

referred pain

pain focus

Multifidus (back) (S1) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Gluteus Medius (med TP - lat TP) Quadratus Lumborum (deep) Soleus (Iat UTP) Iliopsoas Longissimus Thoracis (UTP)

I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis (UTP) Quadratus Lumborum (superficial)

Multifidus (back)

Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longu s Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Tensor Fasciae latae Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externu s Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius

Rectus Abdominus

Gluteus Medius

Quadratus Lumborum

Soleus

37

I l iopsoas


Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus B iceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Su boccipital Sternocleidomastoideus M u ltifidus (neck) Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior


Quad ratus Lumborum Iliopsoas

Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius LonQissimus Thoracis


I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum

Longissimus Thoracis i liocostalis Lumboru m Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral ) I liocostalis Lumborum

38

Back - Coccyx pain focus

referred pain

Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius (Iat TP - med TP) Multifidus (S1 - S4) Obturatorius Internus Levator Ani Coccygeus Sphincter Ani Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Medius

Gluteus Medius

Multifidus

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostal is Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Pi riformis Gl uteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior

Obturatorius I nternus Levator Ani Coccygeus Sphincter Ani

39

Shoulder - Anterior referred pain

pain focus

Biceps Brachii Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (ant TP - mid TP) Infraspinatus (Iat TP - med TP) Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Scalenus Supraspinatus

Brachialis Latissimus Dorsi Sternalis Subclavius Teres Major Subscapularis Pectoralis Major (sternal)

B iceps Brachii

Brachialis Supinator Triceps Brachii · Deltoideu s Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus

Coracobrachialis

Deltoideus (anterior)

anterior part:

Infraspinatus

Pectoralis M inor

Pectoralis Major (clavicular part) Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior part) Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus Anterior Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis

40

Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal)

Scalenus

Supraspinatus

Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi

41


B iceps Brachii Coracobrachialis

Deltoideus

I nfraspinatus

Supraspinatus Scalenus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor

Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Secundary associated chains

I nfraspinatus

Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor

Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Sternalis Subscapularis Sternalis Pectoralis Major

42

Shou lder - Posterior pain focus

referred pain

Deltoideus (post TP - mid TP) Serratus Posterior Superior Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Trapezius (TP 3 & TP 6) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Infraspinatus (/at TP - med TP)

lIiocostalisThoracis Latissimus Dorsi Levator Scapulae Scalenus Biceps Brachii

Deltoideus (posterior)

Infraspinatus Supraspinatus

posterior part:

Serratus Posterior Superior

Subscapularis

Supraspinatus

Teres Major

Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Deltoideus (posterior) I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii (caput long u m ) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Su bscapularis

43

Teres M inor

Trapezius (TP 3 & TP 6)

Triceps Brachii (caput longum)

I nfraspinatus

I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Subscapularis Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus Anterior Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major

44


Trapezius

Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral) Deltoideus (posterior) Trapezius I nfraspinatus Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput Longum) Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Infraspinatus Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus

Supraspinatus

Teres Major

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

Triceps Brachii Deltoideus


Serratus Posterior Superior Trapezius Teres Minor

Scalenus I liocostalis Thoracis Levator Scapulae Scalenus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi

45

Shou lder - Lateral referred pain

pain focus

Coracobrachialis Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus (middle part) Infraspinatus Subscapularis Serratus Posterior Superior Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (clav) Scalenus

Deltoideus (posterior part) Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Teres Minor Levator Scapulae (UTP) Latissimus Dorsi (UTP)

Coracobrachialis

Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Subscapularis I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus Supraspinatus B iceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput longum) Deltoideus (posterior)

Su praspinatus

Teres Major

Deltoideus (middle) I nfraspinatus

Subscapularis

46



Pectoralis M inor

Scalenus

Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Pectoralis Major Deltoideus Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brach ii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

47


S u praspinatus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Teres Major I nfraspinatus

Subscapularis


Pectoralis Minor

Scalenus

Deltoideus I nfraspinatus I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Major Deltoideus Supraspinatus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Scalenus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Deltoideus Scalenus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor


Teres Major Su praspinatus I nfraspinatus Su bscapularis Pectoralis Major

Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres M inor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus

48

Upperarm - Anterior referred pain

pain focus

Biceps Brachii Scalenus Subclavius Triceps Brachii (caput mediale)

Brachialis I nfraspinatus ( upper 2 TPs) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major (sternal & costal) Pectoralis Minor Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior S u perior Sternalis Supraspinatus Deltoideus (ant - mid) Subscapu laris

Biceps Brachii

Brachialis Supinator Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

Scalenus

Subclavius Triceps Brachii

Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres M inor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

49


Scalenus

Biceps Brachii

Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus

50

Upperarm - Posterior pain focus

referred pain

Coracobrachialis Scalenus Triceps Brachii (caput laterale) Supraspinatus

Deltoideus (ant - post) Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Levator Scapulae (UTP) Serratus Posterior Superior Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus (upper 2 Tps) Teres Major

Coracobrachialis

Deltoideus Biceps B rach ii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachi i Sternocleidomastoideus Trapeziu s (u pper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi

Scalenus

Triceps Brachii

Supraspinatus

51


Coracobrachialis


Coracobrachialis Supraspinatus

Triceps Brachii

Deltoideus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor

52

Upperarm - Lateral referred pain

pain focus

Scalenus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput latera/e)

Scalenus

Teres Major

Triceps Brachii (caput laterale)

. I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Levator Scapulae Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitoru m (ring finger) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Subscapularis Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres M inor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus


Teres Major

Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii

53

El bow - Epicondyl us Lateralis referred pain

pain focus

Anconeus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Serratus Posterior Superior Supinator Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii (caput mediale & longum)

I nfraspinatus (upper 2 TPs) Subclavius Teres Major Deltoideus (anterior & posterior)

Anconeus

Triceps Brachii Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii (caput longum & mediale) Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Pectoralis Minor Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris LonQus

Brachioradialis

Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)


Supinator

54

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus Trapezius (u pper & middle part ) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachiorad ialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Triceps Brachii


Triceps Brachii

Anconeus Brachiorad ialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii

Anconeus

Brachioradialis

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator


Supraspinatus

I nfraspinatus Deltoideus

55

El bow - E picondyl us Medialis pain focus

referred pain

Triceps Brachii (caput mediale) Pectoralis Major (sternal part)

Pectoralis Minor Sternalis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior

Triceps Brachii

Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)

Pectoralis Major


Pectoralis Major

Sternalis Serratus Anterior

56

El bow - Olecranon pain focus

referred pain

Triceps Brachii (caput mediale & longum) Scalenus Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Supraspinatus Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii


Supinator

Supraspinatus

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Triceps Brachi i Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part ) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Pectoralis Minor


Triceps Brachii Supi nator

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

57

.Elbow - Antecubital p a i n focus

referred pain

Biceps Brachii Supinator

Brachialis I nfraspinatus

Biceps Brachii

Brachialis Supinator Triceps B rachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus

Supinator


Biceps Brachii Supinator

Supinator Brachialis B rachialis Biceps Brachii

58

Forearm - Volar

pain focus

Pectoralis Major (sternal)

referred pain

Subclavius Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Palmaris Longus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Pronator Teres Scalenus Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Supraspinatus Triceps Brachi i (caput mediale) Brachioradialis

Pectoralis Major

Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)

59

Forearm - Dorsal referred pain

pain focus

Coracobrachialis Subclavius

Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Levator Scapulae Scalenus Serratus Posterior Superior Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii

Coracobrachialis

Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Su praspinatus Triceps Brachii

Subclavius


Coracobrachialis

60

Forearm-Rad ial pain focus

Subclavius

referred pain

Brachioradialis Infraspinatus Scalenus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Pronator Teres Flexor Carpi Radialis

I Subclavius

61

Forearm - Ulnar referred pain

pain focus

Pectoralis Major (sternal)

Teres Major Triceps Brachii Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Latissimus Dorsi Levator Scapulae Serratus Posterior Superior Palmaris Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (rinQ finQer)

Pectoralis Major

Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)

62

Hand Dorsal side & Wrist referred pain

pain focus

Brachialis Brachioradialis Coracobrachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Indicis Scalenus Serratus Posterior Superior Subscapularis Supinator

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Levator Scapulae (UTP) Scalenus Subclavius Supraspinatus Infraspinatus (upper 2 TPs) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Abductor Digiti Minimi

Brachialis

Biceps Brachii Brach ioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps B rachii Deltoideus Biceps Brachi i Supraspinatus Triceps B rachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Pectoralis Minor Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

Brachioradialis

Coracobrachialis

Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis

Scalenus

63


Supinator

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor I ndicis

Subscapularis

Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis B iceps Brachii Palmaris Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Deltoideus(posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii(caput longum ) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus

64


Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Supinator Brachialis Extensor Carpi Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Supinator Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi

Brachialis Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor I ndicis Scalenus

Rad ialis Brevis

Rad ialis Brevis Ulnaris

Radialis Brevis


Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Subscapularis

Supinator Scalenus

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Diqitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii

65

Hand - Wrist - Radial pain focus

referred pain

Brachialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Pronator Teres Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Indicis Opponens Pollicis Coracobrachialis Subscapularis Scalenus Adductor Pollicis

Flexor Pollicis Longus I nfraspinatus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Subclavius Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supraspinatus

Brachialis

Biceps Brachii Brachiorad ialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Triceps Brachi i Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Pectoralis Minor

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Pronator Teres

Supinator

Brachioradialis

Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis

66

Extensor Ind icis

Opponens Pollicis Coracobrachialis

Subscapularis

Scalenus

Adductor Pollicis

Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris I nterosseu s Dorsalis 1 & 2 Adductor Pollicis Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachi i Deltoideus(posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii(caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Infraspinatus Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius ( upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput longu m) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer) Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Opponens Pollicis Flexor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Pollicis Brevis

67


Brachialis

Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Indicis Scalenus

Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Supinator Brachioradialis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis


Flexor Carpi Radialis Pronator Teres Brachioradialis Opponens Pollicis Subscapularis Scalenus

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Coracobrachialis

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Adductor Pollicis Triceps Brachii(caput longum) I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii

68

Hand Volar side & Wrist pain focus

referred pain

Adductor Pollicis Brachialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Opponens Pollicis Palmaris Longus Pronator Teres Serratus Posterior Superior

Extensor Digitorum ( m iddle finger) Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus I nfraspinatus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (fingers) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (sternal) Serratus Anterior Subclavius Subscapularis F lexor Pollicis Longus Scalenus

Brachia lis

Biceps Brachii Brachioradialis Supi nator Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Opponens Pollicis Flexor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Poll icis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Ul naris Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Abd uctor Digiti M i n i m i Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ul naris Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profundus Flexor Pollici" Longus

Adductor Pollicis


Flexor Carpi U l naris

Opponens Poll icis Palmaris Longus

Pronator Teres

69

&

&

&

&


Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhom boideus Minor I l i ocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck)


Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus

Flexor Flexor Flexor Flexor

Carpi Carpi Carpi Carpi

Radialis Ulnaris Radialis Ulnaris



Flexor Carpi Ul naris

Palmaris Longus

Pronator Teres

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profundus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profundus Flexor Carpi Radia lis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitoru m Superficia lis Profu ndus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profu ndus Flexor Pollicis Longus

70

& &

& &

Hand - Wrist - U l na r referred pain

pain focus

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Serratus Posterior Superior Scalenus Subscapularis

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Flexor Dig itorum Superficialis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Abductor Dig iti Mini m i Levator Scapulae ( UTP) Latissim us Dorsi Serratus Anterior Pectoralis M i nor Pectoralis Major ( sternal ) Triceps Brach i i Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Extensor Carpi Ul naris Flexor Carpi Ul naris

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Flexor Dig itorum Su perficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radia lis Flexor Pollicis Longus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus M i nor I l iocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius ( upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectora lis Major Pectora lis M i nor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Dig itorum ( m iddle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring fi nger) Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres M i nor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissi mus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspi natus

Serratus Posterior Su perior

Scalenus

Subscapu laris

71


Subscapularis Scalenus

Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Pectoralis Minor Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

72

F i ngers - Dorsal referred pain

pain focus

Abductor Digiti Minimi (little finger) Brachialis (thumb) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (thumb, index, middle finger) Scalenus (thumb & index) Serratus Posterior Superior (little finger)

Abductor Digiti Minimi Brachialis

Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2

Adductor Pollicis (thumb) Extensor Indicis ( index) Latissimus Dorsi (little finger, ring finger) Subclavius (thumb, i ndex, middle finger) Triceps Brachii (caput laterale) (ring finger) Scalenus (all fingers) I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (little finger) Coracobrachialis (middle finger) Levator Scapulae (little finger, ring finger) I nfraspinatus

Biceps Brachi i Brachiorad ialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis M inor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Triceps Brachii Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor I ndicis

73

Scalenus


Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck)


Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2

Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)


I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2

Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor I ndicis

74

F i ngers Volar -

pain focus

referred pain

Flexor Pollicis Longus (thumb) Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus (little finger, ring finger, middle finger) Opponens Pollicis (thumb) Serratus Posterior Superior

Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Opponens Pollicis (thumb) Serratus Posterior Superior

Subclaviu s (thumb, index, middle finger) I nfraspinatus (index, m iddle finger) Adductor Pollicis (thumb) Serratus Anterior (little finger, ring finger) Pectoralis Major (sternal) (little finger, ring finger, middle finger) Pectoralis Minor (little finger, ring finger, middle finger) Triceps Brachii (caput mediale) (little finger, ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi (little finger, ring finger) Interosseus Dorsalis 1

Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Lonqus Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 I nterosseus Dorsalis 2 Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifid us (neck)


Opponens Pollicis (thumb)

Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1

75

Chest - Front pain focus

referred pain

Pectoralis Major (sternal, costal) Pectoralis Minor Sternalis Subclavius Scalenus Serratus Anterior

I liocostalis Thoracis (UTP) Obliquus Externus Abdom inis Platysma Serratus Posterior Superior Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular)

Pectoralis Major

Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Sca lenus Serratus Anterior Rhom boideus Major Rhom boideus Mi nor Trapezius ( m iddle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Pectora lis Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major

Pectora lis Minor

Sternalis Subclavius Sca lenus

Serratus Anterior

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius ( u pper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Mi nor Triceps Brachii (caput long um) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum ( m iddle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus

76


Pectoralis Minor

Pectoralis Major Scalenus

Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Scalenus Sternalis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor


Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Minor Sternalis Scalenus

Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major

77

Chest - Side referred pain

pain focus

Serratus Anterior

Latissimus Dorsi

Serratus Anterior

Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus

78

Abdomen referred pain

pain focus

Rectus Abdominis (Mc Burney) Obliquus Externus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis (UTP) Pyramidalis

M ultifidus ( back) ( L2, S 1 ) Obliquus Externus Abdominis Quadratus Lumborum (superficial part) Pectineus Latissimus Dorsi Adductor Magnus I liopsoas

Rectus Abdom inis

Obliquus Externus Abdom inus Add uctor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Rectus Abdominis Add uctor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lu mborum Serratus Posterior Superior Serratus Posterior I nferior

Obliquus Extern us Abdominis


Pyramidalis


Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis

Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Magnus Rectus Abdo minis Adductor Magnus

79

Buttock pain focus

Gluteus Medius (med TP & mid TP) Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Maximus Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis (UTP) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Piriformis (lat. TP) Gluteus Minimus Multifidus (back) (S4) Obturatorius Internus Levator Ani Sphincter Ani Coccygeus

Gl uteus Medius

Quadratus Lumborum

G l uteus Maximus

I l iocosta lis Lumborum

referred pain

I l iopsoas Multifidus ( back) (S1 )

Piriformis Gl uteus Maximus Gl uteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Quadratus Lu mborum (other side) I l i opsoas I l i ocostalis Lu mborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gl uteus Medius Gluteus M i n i mus Gluteus Medius Gluteus M i n i mi s Biceps Femoris Semitendi nosus Sem i membranosus Longissimus Thoracis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris - Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior

80


Sem imembranosus

Semitendi nosus

Piriformis

Gluteus Minimus

Multifidus ( back)

Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Adductor Magnus . Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I l i ocostalis Lumboru m Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Add uctor Magnus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Latera lis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I l i ocostalis Lu mborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Gluteus M i n imus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gl uteus Maximus Pi riformis Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lu mborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior

Obturatorius I ntern us Sphincter Ani

81

I

Levator Ani Coccygeus


Gl uteus Medius

Q uadratus Lum borum

Gluteus Maximus

Semitendinosus

Semimem bra nosus

Piriform is

Gl uteus M i n i mus

Pi riformis Gl uteus Maximus Gl uteus M i n i m us Tensor Fascia latae Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I l i ocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus M i nimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendi nosus Sem i mem branosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lu mborum Sem i membranosus Q uadratus Lu mborum I l i ocostalis Lu mborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Semitend i nosus Quadratus Lumborum I l i ocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis M u ltifidus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator An i Coccygeus Gluteus Maxi mus Pi riformis Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Medius Quadratus Lu mborum Secundary associated chains

Sem itendinosus Semimem branosus

I l i opsoas M ultifidus I l i opsoas Multifidus

82

G ro i n referred pain

pain focus

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus (UTP) Pectineus Obliquus Externus Abdominus (UTPs) Adductor Brevis

Adductor Longus

Add uctor Mag nus

Pecti neus

Obliquus Externus Abdominus

. I liopsoas Piriformis Quadratus Lu mborum Rectus Abdomi nus Q uadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis I l i opsoas Rectus Abdominus Addutor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus

83



Pectineus Adductor Brevis Add u ctor Longus

Adductor Magnus

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus

84

H i p - Anterior pain focus

referred pain

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus (UTP) Pectineus Obliquus Externus Abdominus (UTPs) Iliopsoas (UTP) Sartorius (UTP)

Quadratus Lum borum Quadriceps Vastus I ntermed ius Rectus Abdominus

Add uctor Brevis

Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis I l i opsoas Rectus Abdominus Addutor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimem bra nosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus M i n i mus I l i ocostalis Thoracis

Adductor Longus

Add uctor Mag nus

Pectineus


I liopsoas

85

Medialis

Medialis

Medialis

Femoris

Long issimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splen ius Cervi cis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Add uctor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med ialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

Sartorius



Pecti neus

Add uctor Brevis

Adductor Longus

Adductor Magnus

Sartorius

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus I l i opsoas Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Add uctor Magnus


I liopsoas

Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus

86

Hip

-

Lateral

pain focus

referred pain

Gluteus Maximus (Iat UTP) Gluteus Medius (mid TP) Piriformis (Iat TP) Quadratus Lumborum (superficial) Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3, 4,5) Gluteus Minimus (ant)

Gluteus M i n i mus ( post) I liocostalis Lum borum Gl uteus Medius (med TP) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateral i s (TP2)

Gluteus Maxi mus

Gl uteus Med ius Gluteus M i n i m i s Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissi m us Thoracis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I l i ocostalis Lumborum I l iopsoas Q uadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Piriform is Gluteus Maxi mus Gl uteus M i n imus Tensor Fascia Latae Gluteus M i n i mus Levator Ani Coccygeus Gl uteus Maximus Quadratus lumborum (other side) I l iopsoas I l i ocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominis Latissimus Dorsi Gl uteus Med i us Gluteus M i n i m us Gluteus Minimus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris I l i opsoas Sartorius Piriform is Gl uteus Maxi mus Gluteus Med ius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae

Gl uteL's Med ius

Pi riformis

Quadratus Lu mborum

Tensor Fascia Latae

Gluteus Minimus

87


Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Secundary associated chains

Quadratus Lumboru m Gluteus Maximus

I l iocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis I l iocostalis Lumborum

88

Th i g h - Med ial pain focus

referred pain

Adductor Magnus (UTP) Gracilis Sartorius (UTPs) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis (UTP)

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis ( UTP)

Adductor Magnus

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Sartori us Add uctor Brevis Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Sartorius

Gracilis Sartorius

Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Medialis

Medialis Femoris Femoris Lateralis I ntermed i us


Sartorius

Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Secundary associated chains

Adductor Mag nus

Sartori us

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadri ceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

89

Th i g h - Anterior pain focus

referred pain

Adductor Magnus (UTP) Iliopsoas (UTP) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis (UTP) Sartorius (UTPs)

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis ( UTP) Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus

Adductor Magnus

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Quad riceps Vastus Med ialis Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdom inus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Tensor Fascia Latae Pecti neus Semitend i nosus Semi membranosus Biceps Femoris Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Med ius Gl uteus M i n i mus I l i ocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l i ocosta lis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Su boccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius

I l i opsoas

Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius

90

Femo ..is

Lateralis Medialis Femoris

Sartorius

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med i a l is ( UTP)

Add uctor Brevis Add uctor Longus Add uctor Magnus Graci lis Quad riceps Femoris Quadriceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadriceps Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Quad riceps Femoris Sartorius

Vastus Med i a l is Rectus Femoris Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus I ntermed ius


Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius

Sartorius

I liopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med i a l is Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med i a l is


Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius Sartorius

Adductor Magnus

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Pecti neus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus

91

Femoris Med ialis

Medialis Femoris

Med i a l is

Th i g h - Posterior

pain focus

referred pain

Gluteus Minimus (post TP) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus

Biceps Femoris Gastrocnem ius (med UTP) Gluteus Medius (mid TP) Gluteus Maximus (med UTP) M u ltifidus ( back) (S1 ) Obtu ratorius I nternus Piriformis Q uad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3)


Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Q uad riceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Gastrocnem ius Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis I l i ocostalis Thoracis 'I liocostalis Lumborum Long issimus Thoracis Multifidus

Semi membranosus

92

Lateralis

Latera lis Medialis I ntermed i us Femoris

Semitendinosus

Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominis I liocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus


Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

Biceps Femoris M ultifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis B iceps Femoris Mu ltifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

93

Th i g h

-

Lateral

pain focus

referred pain

Gluteus Minimus (ant) Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP1-TP2-TP4) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius

Biceps Femoris Gluteus Medius (mid TP) Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3)


Pi riformis Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Med ius Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Gluteus M i n imus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus I l i opsoas Sartorius I l i opsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I liopsoas Sartorius

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Latera lis

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius





94

Latera lis

Femoris

I ntermed ius Med ialis Femoris Femoris Medialis Lateralis

Knee - Posterior referred pain

pain focus

Biceps Femoris Plantaris Popliteus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3) Gastrocnemius (UTP med - UTP lat)

Biceps Femoris

Plantaris

Popliteus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

. Gastrocnemius (UTP med) Gluteus M inimus (post) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Soleus (UTP)

Adductor Magnus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Q uadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius Gastrocnemius Plantaris I liopsoas Q uadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius

95

Gastrocnemius

Soleus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus


Biceps Femoris Popliteus

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius Plantaris


B iceps Femoris Plantaris

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus

96

Knee - Anterior referred pain

pain focus

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP1-TP4)

Sartorius Gracilis

Adductor Brevis

Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Sartorius I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Sartorius I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius

Adductor Longus

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris


Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

97

Medialis

Medialis Med ialis Lateralis I ntermed ius

Femoris Lateralis I ntermedius

I ntermed ius Medialis Femoris


Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

98

Knee - Med ial referred pain

pain focus


Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med ialis

I liopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Latera lis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius



Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius

99

Knee - Lateral pain focus

referred pain

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP1 - TP2 - TP3 - TP4) Gluteus Minimus (ant)

Add uctor Brevis Adductor Longus Q uad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris B iceps Femoris

Q uadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius Piriformis Gluteus Maxi mus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lu mborum Tensor Fasciae Latae

Gl uteus Minimus

1 00

I ntermedius Medialis Femoris

Lateralis

Leg - Anterior (shank) referred pain

pain focus

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Tibialis Anterior

101

Leg - Posterior (calf) referred pain

pain focu s

Gluteus Minimus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3) Soleus) (UTP med) Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius (UTP lat - UTP med)

Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius (UTP med) Piriformis Plantaris Popliteus Sem imem branosus Sem itendinosus

Gl uteus Mini mus

Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gl uteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius Gastrocnem ius Tibialis Posterior Hall ucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius Flexor Digitoru m Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Soleus Sem imembranosus Semitendi nosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hal lucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gl uteus M i n i mus

Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

Soleus

Tibialis Posterior

Gastrocnem ius

1 02

Latera lis

I ntermed i us Medialis Femoris


Soleus

Gastrocnemius

Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior


Soleus Gluteus Minimus Gastrocnemius

Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Semimembranosus Semitendi nosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus

1 03

Leg - Lateral pain focus

referred pain

Gluteus Minimus (ant) Peroneus Tertius

Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

Gluteus Minimus

Piriform is Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Extensor Digitoru m Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus M i n imus

Peroneus Tertius


Gluteus M i n i m us Peroneus Tertius

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis 'Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus

1 04

Leg - Med ial pain focus

referred pain

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus

1 05

An kle - M a l leol us Extern us referred pain

pain focus

Gluteus Minimus (ant) Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus

Q uad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Tertius


Piriformis Gl uteus Maximus Gl uteus Med i us Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lu mborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gl uteus Minimus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnem ius Soleus Gl uteus M i n i m u s

Peroneus Brevis

Peroneus Longus


Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus

Peroneus Longus G luteus Minimus Peroneus Brevis Gl uteus M i n i mus

1 06

Ankle - M a l leol us I ntern us pai n focus

referred pain

Flexor Oigitorum Longus Abductor Hallucis

Add uctor Brevis Adductor Longus Tibialis Anterior Soleus


Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Quadratus Plantae Add uctor Hall ucis Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1

Abductor Hal lucis

1 07

Foot - Plantar pai n focus

Abductor Digiti Minimi (toes) Abductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Gastrocnemius (UTP med) Quadratus Plantae Soleus (UTP med) Interossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis

Abductor Digiti M i n i m i (toes) Abductor Hallucis

Flexor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Longus

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus

referred pain

Piriformi s Tibialis Posterior

Quadratus Plantae Adductor Hallucis Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis F lexor Digitorum Brevis F lexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsa lis 1 Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Haflucis Brevis F lexor Digitorum Brevis F lexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1

1 08

Gastrocnemius

Soleus Semitend inosus Semimem branosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitoru m Longus Gl uteus M i n imus

Quadratus Plantae Soleus

Gastrocnem i us Tibialis Posterior Hall ucis Longus Flexor Digitoru m Longus Gluteus M i n i mus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Haliucis Longus Peroneus Tertius

I nterossei Dorsa lis 1 Add uctor Hallucis


Abductor Haliucis

Gastrocnem i us


Flexor Hall ucis Longus

Quadratus Plantae Flexor Haliucis Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Brevis I nterossei Dorsa lis 1 Adductor Haliucis Flexor Digitoru m Longus F lexor Haliucis Longus Soleus F lexor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Haliucis Longus Flexor Haliucis Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Haliucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1


Soleus

Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior

1 09

Foot - Dorsal pain focus

referred pain

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius

Exte nsor Digitorum Brevis

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hal lucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus


Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Hallucis Longus

Tibialis Anterior I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis

110



Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus Tibialis Anterior Extenspr Hallucis LonQus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus


Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius

111

Chapter 5 Myofascial Muscle Chains per muscle

1 12

Abductor Digiti Minimi (fingers)

(CB-T1 )

Chains containing the Abductor Digiti M inimi (fingers) M uscle associated muscles

Palmaris Longus

113

( Abductor Hallucis

(L5-S 1 )

C hains starting from the Abductor Hallucis associated muscles

Quadratus Plantae Adductor Hallucis Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Primary associated chains

foot - plantar

Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis

1 14

Adductor Brevis

(L2-L4)

Chains starting from the Adductor Brevis associated muscles

Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis


groin

Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

hip - anterior knee - anterior

Chains containing the Adductor B revis M uscle associated muscles

Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Sartorius Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis

) 115


Adductor Longus

knee - anterior

Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus groin Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus hip - anterior Adductor Longus Sartorius Adductor Magnus

116

Adductor Brevis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Maqnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Iliopsoas Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Maqnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus


Sartorius thigh - anterior Adductor Magnus

Adductor Magnus thigh - medial Sartorius

117

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Adductor Hallucis

(51 -52)

C h ains containing the Adductor Hallucis M uscle Abductor Hallucis

associated muscles


Abductor Hallucis

foot - plantar

1 18

Adductor Hallucis Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1

Adductor Longus

( L2-L4)

C hains starting from the Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

associated muscles


Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

groin hip anterior -

knee - anterior

Chains containing the Adductor Longus M uscle Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Sartorius Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis

associated muscles

1 19


Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus groin Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus hip - anterior Adductor Brevis Sartorius Adductor Magnus Adductor Brevis

knee - anterior

1 20

Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Maqnus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus I liopsoas Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis


Sartorius thigh - anterior Adductor Magnus


121

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Adductor Magnus

(L2-S 1 )

C hains starting from the Adductor M agnus Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

associated muscles


Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus

groin hip - anterior


Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus

thigh - medial thigh - anterior

Chains containing the Adductor M agnus M uscle Add uctor longus Adductor Brevis Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Sartorius Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis Pectineus

associated muscles

1 22


Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus hip - anterior Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Sartorius Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus groin Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Sartorius

thigh - anterior

Sartorius

thigh - medial

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Iliopsoas Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis


Rectus Abdominus abdomen Obliquus Externus Abdominus

1 23

Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Magnus Rectus Abdominis Adductor Magnus

Adductor Pollicis

(C8-T1 )

Chains starting from the Adductor Pollicis Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Opponens Pollicis Flexor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Pollicis Brevis

associated muscles

C hains containing the Adductor Pollicis M uscle Brachialis

associated muscles


Brachialis

hand - wrist - radial

Brachioradialis Adductor Pollicis Supinator


Opponens Pollicis


Opponens Pollicis

fingers - volar

1 24

I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis

Anconeus

(C7-C8)

Chains starting from the Anconeus associated muscles

Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii


elbow - epicondylus lateralis

Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii

Chains containing the Anconeus M u scle associated muscles


Triceps Brachii elbow epicondylus lateralis Supinator

1 25

Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis LonQus Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii

Biceps Brachii

(C5-C6)

C hains starting from the Biceps Brachii Brachialis Supinator Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis

associated muscles


shoulder - anterior

Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus


Brachialis Deltoideus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supi nator Brachialis

arm - anterior

elbow - antecubital

1 26

Chains containing the Biceps Brachii M uscle Teres M inor I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Brachialis Supinator

associated muscles


Coracobrachialis

Deltoideus shoulder - anterior

I nfraspinatus

Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoral is Major ( clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus


Teres Minor


Supinator

elbow - antecubital

1 27

Latissimus Dorsi Biceps Brachii Brachialis Biceps Brachii

Biceps Femoris

(L5-S2)

Chains starting from the Biceps Femoris Biceps Femoris

Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Primary associated chains

knee - posterior

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius


knee - posterior

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus

C hains containing the Biceps Femoris Muscle associated muscles

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius

1 28


Semitendinosus thigh -posterior Semimembranosus

Gastrocnemius

leg - posterior (calf)

1 29

Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus

Brachialis

(C5-C6)

Chains starting from the Brachialis Biceps Brachii Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis

associated muscles


hand - dorsal side & wrist

Brachioradialis Supinator Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis


Chains containing the Brachialis Muscle Supinator Scalenus Biceps Brachii

associated muscles


Supinator hand - wrist - rad ial Scalenus

Supinator Scalenus


1 30

Extensor Carpi Brevis Brachialis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Brevis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Brevis

Radialis

Rad ialis Radialis

Radialis


Biceps Brachi i Supinator

elbow - antecubital

Scalenus arm - anterior Biceps Brachi i

131

Supinator Brachialis Brachialis Biceps Brachii Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus

Brachioradialis

(C5-C8)

C h ains starting from the Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii (caput longum & medial)

associated muscles


Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator


hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial



Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)


1 32

C h ains containing the Brachioradialis M u scle Triceps Brachii Scalenus Brachialis Anconeus Extensor I ndicis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor DiQitorum (middle finQer)

associated muscles


Brachialis Extensor Indicis hand - wrist - radial Scalenus

Brachialis hand - dorsal side & wrist Extensor I ndicis

Triceps Brachii

Anconeus

elbow epicondylus lateralis

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Scalenus


1 33

Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Supinator Brach ioradialis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brach ioradialis Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceos Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis

Coccygeus

(54-55)

Chains containing the Coccygeus M uscle associated muscles

Piriformis


Piriformis

buttock

Piriformis

back - sacral

1 34

Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus

Coracobrachialis

(C6-C7)

Chains starting from the Coracobrachialis associated muscles

Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii


Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii

shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral arm - posterior �.


arm - posterior

Deltoideus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii

forearm - dorsal hand - wrist - radial

Chains containing the Coracobrachialis M uscle associated muscles

1 35


Biceps Brachii shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major

shoulder - lateral

1 36

Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Supraspinatus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Subscapularis

Deltoideus

(C4-C6)

Chains starting from the Deltoideus associated muscles

I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus anterior part:

Pectoral is Major (clavicular part) Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior part) posterior part:

Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Deltoideus (anterior part)


shoulder - anterior

Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput lonQum) I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus

shoulder - posterior shoulder - lateral

Chains containing the Deltoideus M uscle Teres M inor Teres Major Supraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor I nfraspinatus Coracobrachialis Biceps Brachii

associated muscles

1 37


Supraspinatus

Teres Major shoulder - posterior Teres Minor

Su bscapularis

Biceps Brachi i Coracobrachialis

I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus

shoulder - anterior

Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Su praspinatus Coracobrachialis Teres Major

shoulder - lateral

I nfraspinatus

1 38

Deltoideus (posterior) Trapezius Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput Lonqum) Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres M inor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Subscapularis Deltoideus Teres Major Supraspinatus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major

Subscapularis shoulder - lateral Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Minor

Deltoideus Teres Major Pectoralis Major Infraspinatus Deltoideus Scalenus Subscapularis Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Pectoralis Major


Teres Major Supraspinatus Infraspinatus

shoulder - lateral

Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major

arm - lateral

Coracobrachialis arm - posterior Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii

arm - anterior

Supraspinatus


1 39

Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Teres Minor Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Brachialis Su praspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Deltoideus

Digastricus C h ains starting from the Diastricus associated muscles

C hains containing the Digastricus M uscle Masseter

associated muscles


Masseter

teeth


Masseter

face - lower cheek

1 40

Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

(C7)

C hains starting from the Extensor Carpi Radialis B revis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Pectoralis M inor

associated muscles



Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus


Chains containing the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Muscle Supinator Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis

associated muscles

1 41


Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus


Scalenus

Brachioradialis Supinator


Scalenus

Scalenus

hand - wrist - ulnar

1 42

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Triceps Brachii Pectoralis Minor Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

(C5-C7)

C hains starting from the Extensor C arpi Radialis Longus associated muscles

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Pectoralis Minor Primary associated chains


Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus

C hains containing the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Muscle associated muscles

Triceps Brachii Scalenus Supinator Brachiorad ialis Anconeus Extensor I ndicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Dig itorum (ring finger) Extensor Dig itorum (middle finger)

1 43


Triceps Brachii

Anconeus elbow epicondylus lateralis Brachioradialis

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator

Triceps Brachii Supinator elbow - olecranon Supinator

Brachioradialis hand - wrist - radial Scalenus

1 44

Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis


Brachioradialis

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis


Supinator Scalenus

Scalenus hand - wrist - radial Extensor Carpi Radialis Brev;s

1 45

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finQer) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (middle finQer) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

(C7-C8)

C hains containing the Extensor Carpi U1naris M uscle Extensor Indicis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer)

associated muscles


Extensor I ndicis


1 46

Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Supinator

Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) (C5-C8)

C hains starting from the Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

associated muscles

Chains containing the Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Muscle Brachioradialis Scalenus Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer)

associated muscles


I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2

fingers - dorsal

1 47

Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (rinQ finQer)


Brachioradialis hand - wrist - radial Scalenus

Brachioradialis


1 48

Triceps Brachii (Extensor Digitorum middle finger) Triceps Brachii(caput longum) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) (C5-C8) Chains starting from the Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) associated muscles

Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Primary associated chains


Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supi nator

C hains containing the Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Muscle associated muscles

Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Scalenus Brachioradialis


I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 &2

Brachioradialis

fingers - dorsal


1 49

Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii


Brachioradialis


Scalenus


1 50

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finQer) Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Pectoralis Minor


(51 -52)

C hains starting from the Extensor Digitorum Brevis associated muscles

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus


Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus

foot - dorsal

Chains containing the Extensor Digitorum Brevis M uscle associated muscles



foot - dorsal

1 51

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus


(L5-S 1 )

C hains starting from the Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Haliucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius

associated muscles


Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hallucis Lon us

foot - dorsal


foot - dorsal

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius

C hains containing the Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle Tibialis Anterior Soleus Plantaris Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Flexor Haliucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Haliucis Brevis

associated muscles

1 52



Extensor Hallucis Brevis foot - dorsal

Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior

1 53

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor D igitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus


(51 -52)

C h ains starting from the Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus

associated muscles


Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus

foot - dorsal

C h ains containing the Extensor Hallucis Brevis M uscle associated muscles



foot - dorsal

1 54

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus

Extensor Hallucis Longus

( L4-S 1 )

Chains starting from the Extensor Hallucis Longus associated muscles

Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Primary associated chains

foot - dorsal us Secundary associated chains

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius

foot . dorsal

C hains containing the Extensor Hallucis Longus M uscle associated muscles

Tibialis Anterior Soleus Plantaris Flexor Hal lucis Longus Flexor Dig itorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis

1 55


Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Tibialis Anterior

1 56

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus

Extensor Indicis

(CB-T1 )

Chains starting from the Extensor I ndicis associated muscles

Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris



Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Supinator Supinator Brachioradialis


Chains containing the Extensor I ndicis M uscle


Interosseus Dorsalis 1 &2

fingers - dorsal

1 57

Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Indicis


(CB-T1 )

Chains starting from the Flexor C arpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Longus

associated muscles



Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus

hand - volar side & wrist

C hains containing the Flexor C arpi Radialis M uscle Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus

associated muscles


Pronator Teres


Palmaris Longus

Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

1 58



Pronator Teres

hand - volar side & 'tIrist hand - wrist - radial

1 59

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis


(C8-T1 )

C hains starting from the Flexor Carpi U1naris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus

associated muscles


Flexor Digitorum Superficial is & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis


C hains containing the Flexor C arpi Ulnaris Muscle Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus

associated muscles


Pronator Teres Pal maris Longus

Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris





1 60

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

(L5-S1 )

Chains containing the Flexor Digitorum Brevis M uscle associated muscles

Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Abductor Hallucis


Abductor Hallucis

Flexor Digitorum Longus foot - plantar


1 61

Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1


(51 -53)

Chains starting from the Flexor Digitorum Longus associated muscles

Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hal/ucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1


Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1

foot - plantar

Chains containing the Flexor Digitorum Longus M uscle· Tibialis Posterior Soleus Plantaris Gastrocnemius Flexor Hallucis Lonqus

associated muscles

1 62


Gastrocnemius foot - plantar Flexor Hallucis Longus

Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1


Soleus leg - posterior (calf) Gastrocnemius

Soleus

foot - plantar

1 63

Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profundus (C7-T1 )

&

C hains starting from the Flexor Superficialis & P rofundus associatiespieren

Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Longus

C hains containing the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & P rofundus M uscle associated muscles

Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Secundary associated chains



Palmaris Longus


Pronator Teres

Flexor Carpi Radialis hand - wrist - radial Pronator Teres

1 64

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundusi Flexor Digtorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis LonQus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

(LS-S1 )

Chains containing the Flexor Hallucis Brevis M uscle associated muscles

Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Abductor Hallucis


Abductor Hallucis foot - plantar Flexor Digitorum Longus

Flexor Hallucis longus

1 65

Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis F lexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interosseus Dorsalis 1


(51 -53)

Chains starting from the Flexor Hallucis Longus associated muscles

Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Primary associated chains

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1

foot - plantar

Chains containing the Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle associated muscles

Tibialis Posterior Soleus Plantaris Gastrocnemius Flexor Digitorum Longus Primary associated chains

Gastrocnemius foot - plantar Flexor Digitorum Longus

1 66

Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1

Flexor Pollicis Longus

(C6-C8)

Chains containing the Flexor Pollicis Longus M u scle associated muscles

Palmaris Longus Adductor Poll icis Flexor Digitorum Superficial is & Profundus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis


Palmaris Longus hand - volar side & wrist Pronator Teres

Flexor Carpi Radialis hand - wrist - radial Pronator Teres

nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2

fingers - dorsal

1 67

Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Ind icis

Gastrocnemi US

(51 -52)

Chains starting from the Gastrocnemius Soleus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus

Gastrocnemius


Soleus Gluteus M inimus Tibialis Posterior



Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus


foot - plantar

C hains containing the Gastrocnemius M uscle Soleus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Popliteus Plantaris Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Biceps Femoris

associated muscles

1 68


Biceps Femoris knee -, posterior Popliteus Soleus


Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius Plantaris Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius


Plantaris Soleus

knee - posterior leg - posterior (calf)

1 69

Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius

Gluteus Maximus

(L5-S2)

Chains starting from the Gluteus M aximus associated muscles

Gluteus Medius (posterior part) Gluteus Minimis (posterior part) Biceps Femoris Semitend inosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumboru m I l iopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris


back - sacral

Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum

buttock

,


I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas

back - sacral

C hains containing the Gluteus M aximus M uscle associated muscles

Piriformis Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius

1 70


Gluteus Medius Piriformis back - sacral I liopsoas

Gluteus Medius hip - lateral Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Medius

,

buttock Piriformis

Gluteus Minimus

1 71

Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumboru m

Gluteus Medius

(L4-LS)

C h ains starting from the Gluteus M edius Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Tensor Fascia latae

associated muscles


Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae

back - sacral buttock

C hains containing the Gluteus M edius M uscle associated muscles

Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Quadratus Lumborum

1 72


Quadratus Lumborum back - SIJ Iliopsoas

Gluteus Maximus Quadratus Lumborum back - sacral

Iliopsoas

Quadratus Lumborum back - lu mbar I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum

hip - lateral Gluteus Minimus

Quadratus Lumborum

buttock

1 73

Gluteus Medius I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Lonqissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Il iopsoas Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius G luteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius I liocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Maximus buttock Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum


Quadratus Lumborum hip - lateral Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus

thigh - lateral

1 74

Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis I liocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

Gluteus Minimus

( L4-S 1 )

C hains starting from the Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Minimus

Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae


Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadratus Femoris Vastus Lateralis

buttock

hip - lateral

thigh - lateral


thigh - lateral

Gluteus Medius Quadratus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus

leg - posterior (calf) leg - lateral

1 75

Chains containing the Gluteus M inimus M uscle associated muscles

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Tensor Fasciae Latae Soleus Quadratus Lumborum Plantaris Piriformis Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius Primary associated chains

Gluteus Medius

Quadratus Lumborum buttock G luteus Maximus

Piriformis

Soleus

leg - posterior ( calf)

Gastrocnemius Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus

ankle malleolus externus

1 76

Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Quadratus Lumborum ( other side ) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Peroneus Longus Gluteus Minimus Peroneus Brevis Gluteus Minimus


Quadratus Lumborum hip -. Iateral Gluteus Maximus Plantaris

knee - posterior

1 77

I liocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis I l iocostalis Lumborum Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus

Gracilis

(L2-L4)

C hains starting from the Gracilis associated muscles

Sartorius

C h ains containing the Gracilis M u scle associated muscles

Sartorius Obliquus Externus Abdominis Rectus Abdominis Pectineus


Sartorius

thigh - medial

1 78

Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Iliocostalis Lumborum

(C4-L3)

Chains starting from the Iliocostalis L umborum Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior

associated muscles

Chains containing the Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Maximus

associated muscles


Quadratus Lumborum

Gluteus Maximus buttock

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

1 79

Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Mini mus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Il iocostalis Lumborum Lonqissimus Thoracis Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Lonqissimus Thoracis


I liopsoas back SIJ -

Quadratus Lumborum

Quadratus Lumborum back - lumbar Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum hip - lateral Gluteus Maximus

1 80

Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliocostalis Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Iliocostalis Lumborum LonQissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Iliocostalis Lumborum


(C4-L3)

Chains starting from the I liocostalis Thoracis associated muscles

Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior


Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior

back - mid-thoracic back - low-thoracic


back - lumbar

Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior

Chains containing the I l iocostalis Thoracis M uscle Serratus Posterior Superior Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi

associated muscles

1 81


Latissimus Dorsi

back - low-thoracic

Latissimus Dorsi back - mid-thoracic Serratus Posterior Superior

I liopsoas

back - lumbar

lliosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior lliosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius


Gluteus Maximus

back - sacral



1 82

Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Scalenus Iliocostalis Thorac_i�

Iliopsoas

(T1 2-L4)

C hains starting from the Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitend inosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus I l iocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervi cis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck)

associated muscles


Quadratus Lumboru m Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius I liocostal is Thoracis Rectus Abdominis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis

back - lumbar

back - SIJ

back - sacral


I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum

back - lumbar back - SIJ

1 83

C hains containing the Iliopsoas M uscle associated muscles

Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadratus Lumborum Pectineus Gluteus Maximus Primary associated chains

Quadratus Lumborum

back - SIJ

Quadratus Lumborum

back - lumbar

Gluteus Maximus back - sacral Quadratus Lumborum

Pectineus

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius

hip - anterior

thigh - anterior

Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Iliopsoas Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis


Gluteus Maximus

back - sacral

Semitendinosus buttock Semimembranosus

1 84

I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Iliopsoas Multifidus Iliopsoas Multifidus

Infraspinatus

(C4-C6)

Chains starting from the Infraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus (Anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major

associated muscles


Biceps Brachii Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus Supraspinatus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major

shoulder - anterior

shoulder - lateral


Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Subscapularis Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres M inor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi

shoulder - anterior

shoulder - lateral

1 85

C hains containing the Infraspinatus M uscle associated muscles

Teres Minor Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Minor Rhomboideus Major Deltoideus Primary associated chains

Deltoideus shoulder - anterior Supraspinatus Supraspinatus

Teres M inor shoulder - posterior Subscapularis

Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus shoulder - lateral Subscapularis Rhomboideus Major back - mid-thoracic Rhomboideus Minor

1 86

Biceps Brachii Infraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Trapezius Deltoideus Infraspinatus Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus Infraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Infraspinatus Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Trapezius Infraspinatus Trapezius


Supraspinatus

arm - posterior

Supraspinatus


Subscapularis


Subscapularis


1 87

Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus Infraspinatus Deltoideus Triceps Brachii(caput longum) Infraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus Triceps Brachii

Interosseus Dorsalis

1 &2

(fingers)

(CB

T1 ) C hains starting from the I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis M inor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Triceps Brachii Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor I ndicis

associated muscles


Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

fingers - dorsal


fingers - dorsal

Latissimus Dorsi . Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Indicis

1 88

Chains containing the Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 M u scle associated muscles

Adductor Pollicis


Opponens Pollicis


Opponens Pollicis

fingers - volar

1 89

Interosseus Dorsalis 1 &2 Adductor Pollicis Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis

Interosseus Dorsalis

1

(toes)

(51 -52)

C hains containing the Interosseus Dorsalis 1 (toes) Muscle Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Abductor Hallucis

associated muscles


Abductor Hallucis


foot - plantar


1 90

Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interosseus Dorsalis 1

Latissimus Dorsi

(C6-C8)

Chains starting from the Latissimus Dorsi associated muscles

Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Rectus Abdominus (upper) Subscapularis Iliocostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior


back - mid-thoracic

I l iosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior l Iiosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior

back - low-thoracic

C hains containing the Latissimus Dorsi M uscle associated muscles

lIiosostalis Thoracis Triceps Brachii Teres Minor Teres Major Supraspinatus Subscapularis Serratus Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis I nfraspinatus Iliocostalis Lumboru m Deltoideus

1 91



back - low-thoracic

I liocostalis Thoracis back - mid-thoracic Multifidus(back) Serratus Anterior

Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus


Quadratus Lumborum Multifidus (back) back - l umbar Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis I nfraspinatus

shoulder - anterior

Teres Minor


Teres Major Supraspinatus shoulder - lateral I nfraspinatus Subscapularis

1 92

Iliocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Latissimus Dorsi Biceps Brachii Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor

Triceps Brachii arm - posterior Supraspinatus Subscapularis


Subscapularis


I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 &2

fingers - dorsal

1 93

Teres Major Teres M inor Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Indicis

Levator Ani

(53-55)

C h ains containing the Levator Ani Muscle associated muscles

Piriformis


Piriformis

buttock

Piriformis

back - sacral

1 94

Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus

Levator Scapulae

(C4-C5)

Chains starting from the Levator Scapulae associated muscles

Splenius Cervicis Scalenus

Chains containing the Levator Scapulae M uscle associated muscles

Trapezius Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Mu ltifidus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor


Multifidus (neck) neck - posterior Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor back - high-thoracic Trapezius

Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP 1 ,2 ,3) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)


Rhomboideus Minor

back - mid-thoracic

Trapezius


1 95

Trapezius Levator Scapulae Levator Scapulae Scalenus


(C2-LS)

Chains starting from the Longissimus Thoracis associated muscles




back - lumbar

Chains containing the Longissimus Thoracis M uscle associated muscles

Gluteus Maximus Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior

1 96


Gluteus Maximus back - sacral Iliopsoas

Iliopsoas

back - SIJ

Iliopsoas

back - lumbar

Gluteus Maximus

buttock Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

1 97

G luteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Iliocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis


I liopsoas

back - lu mbar

I liopsoas

back - SIJ

Gluteus Maximus

back - sacral

1 98

Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iopsoas

Masseter Chains starting from the Masseter Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus PteryQoideus Lateralis

associated muscles


ear - TMJ

Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus

head - frontal head - lateral


Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (3 anterior TPs) Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)

face - upper cheek

face - lower cheek eye

1 99

C hains containing the Masseter M u scle associated muscles

Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus DiQastricus


Digastricus

teeth


eye

Temporalis head - frontal Sternocleidomastoideus Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Temporalis

Masseter Temporalis Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Trapezius Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Masseter

--


Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus

face - u pper cheek teeth head - lateral

200

Masseter Temporalis Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP)

Multifidus (neck)

(C3-S4)

C hains starting from the Multifidus (neck) associated muscles

Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis


neck - posterior

Chains containing the M ultifidus (neck) Muscle associated muscles

Suboccipital

201

Multifidus (back)

(C3-S4)

C hains starting from the M ultifidus (back) associated muscles



Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Su erior

back - mid-thoracic


back - lumbar


C h ains containing the M ultifidus (back) M uscle associated muscles

I




202

Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus



Semitendinosus thigh - posterior Semimembranosus

203

I l iopsoas Multifidus I liopsoas Multifidus Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

Obliquus Externus Abdominis

(T5-T1 2)

C hains starting from the Obliquus Externus Abdominus associated muscles

Rectus Abdominis Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus Primary associated chains

groin

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus

hip - anterior


abdomen

Rectus Abdominis Adductor Ma nus

C hains containing the Obliquus Externus Abdominus M uscle associated muscles

Rectus Abdominis Quadratus Lumboru m Secundary associated chains

Rectus Abdominus

abdomen

204

Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Magnus

Obturatorius Internus

(L 1 -L4)

Chains containing the Obturatorius Externus M uscle associated muscles

Piriformis

205

Occipitofrontalis

C hains containing the Occipitofrontalis M uscle


Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Trapezius


head - frontal

Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis


Trapezius

head - occipital

206

Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis

Opponens Pollicis

(C6-C7)

Chains starting from the Opponens Pollicis associated muscles

I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Add uctor Pollicis



I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Add uctor Pollicis

fingers - volar

Chains containing the Opponens Pollicis M uscle associated muscles

Adductor Poll icis

207

Orbicularis Oculi

C h ains containing the Orbicularis Oculi M uscle associated muscles



Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)

eye

208

Masseter Splenius Cervi cis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi

Palmaris Longus

(CB-T1 )

Chains starting from the Palmaris Longus Abductor Digiti Minimi Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

associated muscles




Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus


Chains containing the Palmaris Longus Muscle associated muscles

Supinator

209

Pectineus

(L2-L4)

C hains starting from the Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Iliopsoas

associated muscles


Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus

g roin hip - anterior

Chains containing the Pectineus M uscle associated muscles

Obliquus Externus Abdominis Iliopsoas Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus . Adductor Brevis

210


Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Brevis hip - anterior Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Brevis g roin Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus


Adductor Magnus

thigh - anterior

21 1

Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pecti neus

Pectoralis Major

(C5-T1 )

Chains starting from the Pectoralis M ajor Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)

associated muscles


thorax - anterior

Scalenus Sternalis Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Subscapularis

shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral


Sternalis Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus Sternalis Serratus Anterior

shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral elbow - epicondylus medialis

212

--

Chains containing the Pectoralis Major Muscle Trapezius Subscapularis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Rhomboideus Minor Rhomboideus Major Pectoralis Minor I nfraspinatus Deltoideus

associated muscles


Pectoralis Minor thorax - anterior Scalenus

Deltoideus

Infraspinatus shoulder - anterior Scalenus Pectoralis M inor

I nfraspinatus

213

Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Teres Major Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Subscapularis

Subscapularis shoulder - lateral Pectoralis M inor

Scalenus

Teres Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor


I nfraspinatus shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Minor Scalenus

Subscapularis

arm - anterior


Pectoralis M inor Sternalis

thorax - anterior

Scalenus

214

Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major Sternalis Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Minor

(C6-C8)

Chains starting from the Pectoralis Minor associated muscles

Pectoralis Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis


thorax - anterior shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral

Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Deltoideus , Pectoral is Major Scalenus Deltoideus Pectoral is Major Scalenus ,.

,


shoulder - anterior

Pectoralis Major Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major

thorax - anterior

C hains containing the Pectoralis Minor M uscle associated muscles

Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

215


Scalenus

thorax - anterior

Scalenus

shoulder - anterior

Scalenus

shoulder - lateral

Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor


Scalenus

arm - anterior

Scalenus


216

Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii

Peroneus Brevis

(L5-S 1 )

Chains starting from the Peroneus Brevis associated muscles

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus Primary associated chains

Peroneus Longus Gluteus Minimus

ankle - malleolus - externus

Chains containing the Peroneus Brevis M u scle Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Tibialis Posterior Extensor Hallucis Longus

associated muscles


Peroneus Longus

ankle malleolus - extern us

Peroneus Brevis Gluteus Minimus


Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius

leg - lateral

217

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus

Peroneus Longus

(L5-S 1 )

C hains starting from the Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus M inimus

associated muscles


ankle - malleolus - extern us

Peroneus Brevis Gluteus Minimus

C hains containing the Peroneus Longus M uscle associated muscles

Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Anterior Gluteus Minimus . Extensor Hallucis LonQus

218


Peroneus Brevis

ankle malleolus - extern us

Peroneus Longus Gluteus Minimus


Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius leg - lateral Gluteus Minimus

219

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus

Peroneus Tertius

(L5-S1 )

C h ains starting from the Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus

associated muscles


Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Lon us

leg - lateral

Chains containing the Peroneus Tertius Muscle Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Plantaris Extensor Hallucis Longus

associated muscles


Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Longus

220

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius

Piriformis

( L5-S2)

C h ains starting from the Piriformis associated muscles

Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus


back - sacral

Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus

buttock

Chains containing the P iriformis Muscle associated muscles

Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius

221


Gluteus Medius

back - sacral

Gluteus Minimus hip - lateral Gluteus Medius G luteus Medius buttock Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum


Gluteus Minimus


222

Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

Plantaris

(51 -52)

Chains starting from the Plantaris associated muscles

Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius


knee - posterior

Gastrocnemius Gl uteus Minimus Soleus

Chains containing the Plantaris M uscle associated muscles

Popliteus


Popliteus

knee - posterior

223

Gastrocnemius Plantaris

Popliteus

(L4-S1 )

C hains starting from the Popliteus Popliteus



Popliteus


224

Pronator Teres

(C6-C7)

Chains starting from the Pronator Teres associated muscles

Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus





Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

225

Pterygoideus Lateralis

Chains containing the Pterygoideus Lateralis M uscle Temporalis Masseter

associated muscles


Masseter

ear - TMJ



Masseter

face - upper cheek

226

Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (3 anterior TPs)


Chains containing the Pterygoideus Medialis Muscle associated muscles

Temporalis Masseter


Masseter

ear - TMJ



Masseter

face - upper cheek

227

Sternocieidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Temporalis

Quadratus Lumborum

(T1 2-L4)

C hains starting from the Quadratus Lumborum associated muscles

Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Medius Gluteus M inimus


back - lumbar

Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliopsoas Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

back - sacral back - SIJ buttock


back - lumbar

Iliocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliocostalis Lumborum

back - SIJ

228

Chains containing the Quadratus Lumborum M u scle associated muscles

I liopsoas Multifidus (back) I liocostalis Thoracis Gluteus Minimus Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum


Quadratus Lumborum back - SIJ Iliopsoas

Quadratus Lumborum back - sacral Iliopsoas

Quadratus Lumborum back - lumbar I liopsoas

229

Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius · Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum(other side) Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum G luteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum(other side) Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Iliocostalis Thoracis

Gluteus Minimus hip - lateral Quadratus Lumborum

Quadratus Lumborum


Gluteus Minimus

Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum


Quadratus Lumborum I liopsoas

back - SIJ hip - anterior

230

Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliocostalis Lumborum Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus

Quadratus Plantae

(51 -52)

Chains containing the Quadratus Plantae Muscle associated muscles

Abductor Hallucis


Abductor Hallucis

foot - plantar

231

Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris (L2-L4)

Chains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

Iliopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius


knee -anterior

Chains containing the Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris M uscle Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Tensor Fascia Latae Sartorius Iliopsoas Gluteus Maximus

associated muscles

232


Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis knee - anterior Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis


Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius thigh - anterior Sartorius


knee - medial

233

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius (L2-L4) Chains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius associated muscles

I l iopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius


Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

thigh - anterior


thigh - anterior

C hains containing the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius M uscle associated muscles

Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

234

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis ( L2-L4)

Chains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Iliopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius

associated muscles


knee -anterior

Chains containing the Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis M uscle Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Semitendi nosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris

associated muscles

235


Gluteus Minimus

hip - lateral

Gluteus Minimus

thigh - lateral

Biceps Femoris

knee - posterior

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris knee - anterior Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris


Gluteus Minimus

thigh - lateral

Semitendinosus thigh - posterior Semimembranosus

Gluteus Minimus

leg - lateral

Gluteus Minimus


236

Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis ( L2-L4)

C hains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus M edialis associated muscles

I liopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius


knee -anterior


knee - medial


C hains containing the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis M uscle associated muscles

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius Add uctor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus

237


Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius thigh - anterior Sartorius Sartorius

thigh - medial

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus knee - anterior Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

238

Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis



Sartorius thigh - anterior

Adductor Magnus


239

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Rectus Abdominus

(T5-T1 2)

C hains starting from the Rectus Abdominus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis

associated muscles


Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Ma nus

abdomen

C hains containing the Rectus Abdominus M uscle I l iopsoas Latissimus Dorsi

associated muscles

240


Latissimus Dorsi

back - low-thoracic

I liopsoas

back - lumbar

Iliopsoas

back - SIJ

Iliopsoas

back - sacral

lIiosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius LonQissimus Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Lonqissimus Thoracis


Obliquus Externus Abdominus Iliopsoas

abdomen hip - anterior

241

Rectus Abdominus Adductor MaQnus Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominus

Rhomboideus Major

(T1 -T4)

Chains starting from the Rhomboideus Major associated muscles

Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor


back - mid-thoracic

C hains containing the Rhomboideus Major M uscle associated muscles

Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Serratus Posterior Superior


Trapezius

back - high-thoracic

Serratus Posterior Superior back - mid-thoracic Trapezius

242

Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Scalenus Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)

Rhomboideus Minor

(C4-C5)

Chains starting from the Rhomboideus Minor Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor

associated muscles


Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Trapezius (TP4) Infraspinatus

back - high-thoracic back - mid-thoracic


Trapezius (TP3-5) Levator Sca u lae

back - mid-thoracic

Chains containing the Rhomboideus Minor M uscle associated muscles

Trapezius Rhomboideus Major Pectoralis Major Serratus Posterior Superior


Trapezius


243

Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)

Sartorius

lL 1 -L3)

C h ains starting from the Sartorius associated muscles

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris


hip - anterior

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis



Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris


Chains containing the Sartorius M uscle associated muscles

Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Tensor Fasciae Latae

244



thigh - anterior

Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis



knee - medial

245


Scalenus

(C4-C8)

Chains starting from the Scalenus associated muscles

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP2,3) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)


shoulder - anterior

Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

shoulder - lateral hand - wrist - radial hand - dorsal side & wrist



Trapezius Triceps Brachii Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii

arm - anterior

hand - wrist - radial hand - dorsal side & wrist

246


Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Triceps Brachii Pectoral is Minor Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer) Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major

thorax - anterior

Chains containing the Scalenus M uscle associated muscles

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Levator Scapulae Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior


Trapezius


Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior

back - mid-thoracic

Trapezius

Pectoralis Minor thorax - anterior

247

Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Iliocostalis Thoracis Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus

Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major shoulder - lateral Pectoralis Minor Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

I nterosseus Dorsalis


fingers - dorsal

Scalenus Sternalis Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Subscapularis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Pectoralis Major Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Scalenus Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)


Serratus Posterior Superior Trapezius Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Serratus Anterior


hand - wrist - radial hand - dorsal side & wrist thorax - anterior

248

Scalenus I liocostalis Thoracis Levator Scapulae Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus

Semimembranosus

(L5-S2)

C hains starting from the Semimembranosus associated muscles

Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semitend inosus Biceps Femoris I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus


buttock

Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Secundary associated chains

Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Iliopsoas Multifidus

thigh - posterior buttock

249

Chains containing the Semimembranosus M u scle Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius

associated muscles


Gluteus Maximus buttock Semitendinosus

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus


Biceps Femoris

knee - posterior

Gastrocnemius


250

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus


(C3-C6)

Chains starting from the Semispinalis C apitis associated muscles

Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Cervicis Splenius Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck)


Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus

head - lateral

C hains containing the Semispinalis Capitis M uscle associated muscles


Suboccipital

head - lateral

Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP 1)



head - occipital

251

Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis


(C3-C6)

C h ains starting from the Semispinalis Cervicis Multifidus (neck) Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Levator Scapulae Sternocleidomastoideus

associated muscles


head - occipital

Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis

C h ains containing the Semispinalis Cervicis M uscle associated muscles

252

Semitendinosus

(L5-S2)

Chains starting from the Semitendinosus associated muscles

Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris I liopsoas Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominis I liocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus


Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis M ultifidus

buttock


I liopsoas Multifidus Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

buttock thigh - posterior

253

C hains containing the Semitendinosus M uscle associated muscles

Biceps Femoris Semimembranosus Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius


Gluteus Maximus buttock Semimembranosus

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus


Biceps Femoris

knee - posterior

Gastrocnemius


254

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus

Serratus Anterior

(C5-C7)

Chains starting from the Serratus Anterior associated muscles

Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus


back - mid-thoracic

Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus


thorax - anterior

Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus

Chains containing the Serratus Anterior M uscle associated muscles

Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Ma'or


Latissimus Dorsi

back - mid-thoracic

I liosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior


Pectoralis Major

elbow epicondylus medialis

255

Sternalis Serratus Anterior

Serratus Posterior Inferior

(T9-T12)

C hains starting from the Serratus Posterior Inferior associated muscles

C hains containing the Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle associated muscles

I liocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (back) Latissimus Dorsi


I liocostalis Thoracis back - low-thoracic Latissimus Dorsi

Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior l I iosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior


Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis

back - lumbar


256

Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior


(T1 -T4)

C hains starting from the Serratus Posterior Superior associated muscles

Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I l iocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus(neck)


back - mid-thoracic

Scalenus Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis

Chains containing the Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle associated muscles

Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi I liocostalis Lumborum I liocostalis Thoracis


I liocostalis Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi

back - mid-thoracic

Multifidus(back)

257

Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Iliosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior

Soleus

(51 -52)

Chains starting from the Soleus associated muscles

Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius



Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius



Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior

foot - plantar

C hains containing the Soleus Muscle associated muscles

Gastrocnemius Plantaris Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius

258


Gastrocnemius


Gastrocnemius

foot - plantar

Soleus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus


Plantaris

knee - posterior

259

Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus

Splenius Capitis

(C1 -C8)

C hains starting from the Splenius Capitis associated muscles

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Suboccipital

C h ains containing the Splenius Capitis M uscle associated muscles

Splenius Cervicis . Suboccipital Scalenus

260

Splenius Cervicis

(C1 -C8)

Chains starting from the Splenius Cervicis associated muscles

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis S u boccipita I


Suboccipital Trapezius (TP 1 ) Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal)

eye neck - posterior

Chains containing the Splenius Cervicis M uscle associated muscles

Splenius Capitis Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) Levator Scapulae

261


M ultifidus(neck) Sternocleidomastoideus

neck - posterior eye

Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Masseter Splenius Cervicis Orbicularis Oculi


Semispinalis Capitis head - lateral Sternocleidomastoideus Semispinalis Cervi cis head - occipital Sternocleidomastoideus

262

Splenius Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Cervicis Temporalis Trapezius

Sternalis Chains starting from the Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Ma"or

associated muscles


Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Ma"or

thorax - anterior

Chains containing the Sternalis M u scle Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor

associated muscles


Pectoralis Minor thorax - anterior Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Scalenus Sternalis


Pectoralis Major shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major

elbow epicondylus medialis

263

Sternalis Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Sternalis Sternalis Serratus Anterior


(C1 -C2)

C hains starting from the Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervi cis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis

associated muscles


Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occi pitofronta I is Masseter Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis

eye head - lateral

head - frontal


Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP 1 ) Splenius Cervi cis Temporalis Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3) Masseter Temporalis

eye head - occipital face - upper cheek

264

Chains containing the Sternocleidomastoideus M u scle Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Suboccipital Sternalis Splenius Capitis Serratus Anterior Scalenus Pectoralis M inor Multifidus (neck)

associated muscles


Masseter

ear - TMJ

Suboccipital head - lateral Temporalis Temporalis Masseter

head - frontal

Masseter

265

Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal ) Trapezius (TP1) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Masseter Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus


Masseter

face - lower cheek

Masseter

face - u pper cheek

Masseter

eye

Temporalis

teeth

Semispinalis Cervi cis

head - occipital


head - lateral

Splenius Cervi cis

neck - posterior

Pectoralis Minor Sternalis thorax - anterior Scalenus Serratus Anterior

266

Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Temporalis (3 ant TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus

Suboccipital

(C1 )

C hains starting from the Suboccipital associated muscles

Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Capitis Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck)


head - lateral

Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal ) Trapezius (TP1)

Chains containing the Suboccipital M u scle associated muscles

Splenius Capitis Splenius Cervicis Trapezius


Splenius Cervicis

eye

Splenius Cervicis

neck - posterior

267

Suboccipital Trapezius (TP 1) Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal)

Subscapularis

(C5-C8)

C h ains starting from the Subscapularis Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Deltoideus (posterior)

associated muscles


Deltoideus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus


shoulder - lateral


Teres Minor Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii

shoulder - lateral hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial hand - wrist - ulnar

268

--

Chains containing the Subscapu laris M uscle associated muscles

Pectoralis Major Teres Major Teres Minor Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus


Teres Major shoulder - posterior Teres Minor Teres Major

Infraspinatus

shoulder - lateral

Pectoralis Major

Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput Longum) Deltoideus Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Subscapularis Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Major Supraspinatus Pectoralis Major Deltoideus Subscapularis Coracobrachialis Scalenus


I nfraspinatus shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Major

269

Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Teres Major Pectoralis Major Sternalis Subscapularis

Supinator

(CS-C6)

C hains starting from the Supinator associated muscles

Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus



Anconeus Extensor Carpi Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Triceps Brachii Brachialis Extensor Carpi Extensor Carpi Extensor Carpi Brachialis

elbow - olecranon hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial

Radialis Longus Radialis Longus Radialis Brevis Radialis Longus Radialis Brevis


elbow - antecubital

Brachialis Biceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus

hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial

C h ains containing the Supinator Muscle associated muscles

Triceps Brachii Extensor Indicis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Brachioradialis Brachialis . Biceps Brachii Anconeus

270


Triceps Brachii

Anconeus elbow epicondylus lateralis Brachioradialis

Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Tric8ps Brachi i

elbow - olecranon

Brachialis hand - wrist - radial Brachioradialis Extensor Indicis Brachialis Brachioradialis


Extensor Indicis

Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supi nator Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Supinator Brachi,oradialis Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Supinator


Biceps Brachii

elbow - antecubital

271

Supinator Brachialis

Supraspinatus

(C4-C6)

C hains starting from the Supraspinatus associated muscles

I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi


shoulder - anterior

Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Trapezius Deltoideus Deltoideus I nfraspinatus

shoulder - posterior shoulder - lateral


shoulder - lateral

Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus Deltoideus


Chains containing the Supraspinatus M uscle associated muscles

Trapezius Teres M inor I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Biceps Brachii

272


Biceps Brachii Coracobrachialis

Deltoideus

shoulder - anterior

Infraspinatus

Trapezius

Teres Minor shoulder - posterior Deltoideus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis shoulder - lateral I nfraspinatus

273

Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral) Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Infraspinatus I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Teres Major Subscapularis Pectoralis Major


Coracobrachialis

arm - posterior

Biceps Brachii

arm - anterior

Coracobrachialis

forearm - dorsal

Coracobrachialis


274

Deltoideus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii

Temporalis Chains starting from the Temporalis Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus

associated muscles


Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP 1 ) Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter

head - lateral head - frontal

Chains containing the Temporalis M uscle Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Trapezius Digastricus

associated muscles

275


Masseter teeth Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Trapezius Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus head - frontal Masseter

Digastricus Temporalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus


Masseter

eye

Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter face - upper cheek Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius head - occipital Sternocleidomastoideus

276

Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP1) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Splenius Cervicis Temporalis Trapezius (TP1 ,2,3)

Tensor Fasciae Latae

(L4-S 1 )

Chains starting from the Tensor Fascia L atae Gluteus Minimus (anterior part) Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris I liopsoas Sartorius

associated muscles

Chains containing the Tensor Fascia Latae Muscle I liopsoas Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius

associated muscles


Gluteus Minimus

thigh - lateral

Glulteus Medius

buttock

Gluteus Medius hip - lateral Gluteus Minimus

277

. Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumboru m Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

Teres Major

(C6-C7)

C hains starting from the Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Subscapularis

associated muscles


Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput Longum) Deltoideus Subscapularis


shoulder - lateral


Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii

shoulder - lateral arm - lateral

Chains containing the Teres M ajor M u scle Triceps Brachii Teres Minor Subscapularis Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Deltoideus

associated muscles

278


Teres M inor

Subscapularis shoulder - posterior Triceps Brachii

Deltoideus

Infraspinatus shoulder - lateral Subscapularis

Deltoideus Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Su praspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Teres Major Pectoralis Major Subscapularis Supraspinatus Deltoideus Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus


Infraspinatus

Triceps Brachii

shoulder - anterior

arm - posterior

279

Pectoralis Major Subscapularis Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor

Teres Minor

(C5-C6)

C hains starting from the Teres M inor I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Subscapularis Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii

associated muscles


Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major




Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi

Chains containing the Teres M inor M uscle associated muscles

Teres Major Triceps Brachii Subscapularis ,Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus

280


Teres Major

shoulder - posterior Subscapularis

Triceps Brachii

Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres M inor Triceps Brachii (caput LonQum) Deltoideus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Teres Major Teres M inor


Teres Major Triceps Brachii

arm - lateral arm - posterior

Teres Major I nfraspinatus shoulder - lateral Subscapularis Pectoralis Major

281

Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Teres M inor Teres Major Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres M inor Deltoideus Teres Minor

Tibialis Anterior

( L4-S 1 )

C h ains starting from the Tibialis Anterior associated muscles

Peroneus Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus


foot - dorsal

Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Lon us

C h ains containing the Tibialis Anterior M uscle

associated muscles

Extensor Hallucis Longus Soleus


Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dOrsal Extensor Hallucis Longus

282

Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus

Tibialis Posterior

(L4-LS)

C hains starting from the Tibialis Posterior associated muscles

Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis

Chains containing the Tibialis Posterior M uscle associated muscles

Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Soleu� Plantaris Gastrocnemius


Soleus leg - posterior (calf) Gastrocnemius

Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus G luteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior


Soleus

foot - plantar

283

Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior

Trapezius

(C2-C4)

C h ains starting from the Trapezius Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis

associated muscles


head - lateral

Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ,2,3) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral)

neck - posterior back - high-thoracic

back - mid-thoracic shoulder - posterior


Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapu lae Scalenus

head - occipital shoulder - posterior

284

C hains containing the Trapezius M uscle Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Capitis Biceps Brachii

associated muscles


Trapezius shoulder - posterior Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor back - mid-thoracic Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor back - high-thoracic Trapezius

Trapezius

neck - posterior

285

Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral) Deltoideus (posterior) Trapezius I nfraspinatus I nfraspinatus Trapezius I nfraspinatus Trapezius Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ,2,3)

Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Trapezius

Temporalis

Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP1 ) Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occi p itofrontal is Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Masseter


Scalenus back - high-thoracic Rhomboideus Minor

back - mid-thoracic

Sternocleidomastoideus head - occipital Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus eye Splenius Cervicis

286

Trapezius Triceps Brachii (caput lonqum) Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervi cis Temporalis Trapezius (TP1 ,2 ,3) Trapezius (contralateral ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP1 ) Suboccipital Trapezius (TP1 )

Triceps Brachii

(C6-C8)

Chains starting from the Triceps Brachii associated muscles

Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Primary associated chains


Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus

elbow - epicondylus lateral is

elbow - olecranon


Teres Major Teres Minor Latissimus Dorsi

arm - posterior

Chains containing the Triceps Brachii M uscle associated muscles

Teres Major Supinator Subscapularis Scalenus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Brachioradialis Biceps Brachii Anconeus

287


Teres Major

S ubscapularis


Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Supinator

arm - posterior elbow - olecranon

Anconeus

Brachioradialis elbow epicondylus lateralis Supinator

288

Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii


Scalenus


Scalenus arm - anterior Biceps Brachii

Teres Major

arm - lateral

Coracobrachialis

arm - posterior

Coracobrachialis

forearm - dorsal

Coracobrachialis Brachioradialis Subscapularis


Scalenus

Subscapularis hand - wrist - ulnar Scalenus

Subscapularis hand - dorsal side & wrist

Trapezius Triceps Brachii Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Triceps Brachii Infraspinatus Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Rad ialis LonQus Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Pectoralis M inor Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Supinator

289

Scalenus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 &2

hand - dorsal side & wrist fingers - dorsal

290

Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Lonqus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor I ndicis

Chapter 6 Appendix

291

Abreviations

UTP

Upper Trigger Point

LTP

Lower Trigger Point

TMJ

Temporo Mandibular Joint

SIJ

Sacro Iliacal Joint

TP

Trigger Point

Tps

Trigger Points

ant

anterior

post

posterior

med

medial

lat

lateral

mid

middle

C

Cervical Vertebra

T

Thoracal Vertebra

L

Lumbar Vertebra

S

Sacral Vertebra

292

Myofascial muscle chains

Chains

Chains

Chains

Chains

Muscle Manual

Muscle Mechanics

Muscle Bound

Muscle cars

Muscle Strength

Narcissus Chains

Markov chains

Chains Released

Chains Released

Markov Chains

Markov chains

Muscle Energy Techniques

Muscle Energy Techniques

Chains of Darkness, Chains of Light

Skeletal Muscle Plasticity in Health and Disease: From Genes to Whole Muscle (Advances in Muscle Research)

Man with the Muscle

Nerve and Muscle

Muscle Building Nutrition

Muscle Development and Growth

Chains Unleashed

Fatigue and muscle activation

No Nonsense Muscle Building

Nerve and muscle

Pawn Chains

Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration (Advances in Muscle Research)

Myofascial muscle chains

Chains

Chains

Chains

Chains

Muscle Manual

Muscle Mechanics

Muscle Bound

Muscle cars

Muscle Strength

Narcissus Chains

Markov chains

Chains Released

Chains Released

Markov Chains

Markov chains

Muscle Energy Techniques

Muscle Energy Techniques

Chains of Darkness, Chains of Light

Skeletal Muscle Plasticity in Health and Disease: From Genes to Whole Muscle (Advances in Muscle Research)

Man with the Muscle

Nerve and Muscle

Muscle Building Nutrition

Muscle Development and Growth

Chains Unleashed

Fatigue and muscle activation

No Nonsense Muscle Building

Nerve and muscle

Pawn Chains

Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration (Advances in Muscle Research)

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