Mountain Masculinity: The Life and Writing of Nello ''Tex'' Vernon-Wood in the Canadian Rockies, 1906-1938

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4HE,IFEAND7RITING OF.ELLO­4EX®6ERNON 7OOD INTHE#ANADIAN2OCKIES «

Yellowhead Expedition, 1911 (Nello Vernon-Wood—second from left) wmcr: byron harmon, photographer—by kind permission of carole harmon

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4HE,IFEAND7RITING OF.ELLO­4EX®6ERNON 7OOD INTHE#ANADIAN2OCKIES «

edited and introduced by Andrew Gow and Julie Rak in collaboration with Harry W. Gow and John R. Gow

© 2008 Andrew Gow and Julie Rak for the introduction All stories © estate of Nello Vernon-Wood Published by AU Press, Athabasca University 1200, 10011 – 109 Street Edmonton, AB T5J 3S8 Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Wood, Tex, 1882–1978 Mountain masculinity : the life and writing of Nello “Tex” Vernon-Wood in the Canadian Rockies, 1906–1938 / edited and introduced by Andrew Gow and Julie Rak ; with Harry W. Gow and John R. Gow. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-897425-02-2 Issued also in electronic format. 1. Vernon-Wood, Tex, 1882–1978. 2. Outdoor life–Rocky Mountains, Canadian (B.C. and Alta.). 3. Frontier and pioneer life–Rocky Mountains, Canadian (B.C. and Alta.). 4. Rocky Mountains, Canadian (B.C. and Alta.)–In literature. 5. Canada, Western– In literature. 6. Outdoor writers–Alberta–Biography. 7. Hunting guides– Alberta–Biography. 8. Banff Region (Alta.)–Biography. I. Gow, Andrew Colin II. Rak, Julie, 1966– III. Gow, Harry W. IV. Gow, John R. V. Title. FC218.W66M68 2008

971.23'302092

C2008-902081-2

Printed and bound in Canada by AGMV Marquis Cover and book design by Virginia Penny, Interpret Design Inc. This publication is licensed under a Creative Commons License, see www.creativecommons.org. The text may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes, provided that credit is given to the original author(s). Please contact AU Press, Athabasca University at [email protected] for permission beyond the usage outlined in the Creative Commons license. All images courtesy of the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies (WMCR), Banff, Alberta.

contents







!CKNOWLEDGEMENTS







&OREWORD









BY4ED"ISHOP







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appendix b

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4HEEDITORSWOULDLIKETOTHANK-RS#HRISTINA6ERNON 7OODOF 'RINDROD "# FORALLHERHELPANDENCOURAGEMENT(ARRYAND*OHN 'OWFORTHEIRWRITTENREMINISCENCESOFTHEIRGRANDFATHERASINCLUDED IN!PPENDICES!AND" AND$IANANmE'OW AND*OHN7OODFORTHEIR ASSISTANCEANDESPECIALLYFORPROVIDINGCOPIESOFFAMILYPHOTOGRAPHS !LLISON*ONESDIDMUCHNECESSARYSUPPLEMENTALSPADEWORKATTHE !RCHIVESOFTHE7HYTE-USEUMOFTHE#ANADIAN2OCKIESDURINGTHE SUMMEROF WHENSHEWASTHEBENE¹CIARYOFA2OGER33MITH 2ESEARCH3TUDENTSHIP SUPPORTEDBYTHE&ACULTYOF!RTS 5NIVERSITYOF !LBERTA,INDA"RIDGES(ISTORYAND#LASSICS 5NIVERSITYOF!LBERTA CAREFULLYRETYPEDALL4EX°SSTORIESFROMPHOTOCOPIESOFORIGINALSALSOHELD ATTHE7HYTEANYERRORSINTRANSCRIPTIONAREOURS NOTHERS4HEARCHIVISTS ATTHE7HYTE-USEUMWEREMOSTHELPFULANDFORTHCOMING

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IX

national sportsman, february, 1938

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7

HENYOU°REIN"ANFFANDYOUFEELLIKEMINGLINGWITHTHEQUALITY FOLKSYOUCANSTROLLACROSSTHEBRIDGEATTHEENDOF"ANFF!VENUE UPTOTHE"ANFF3PRINGS(OTELANDINTHEBAROVERLOOKINGTHE GOLF COURSE ORDER A COCKTAIL MAYBE A .EGRONI EQUALPARTS GIN #AMPARI SWEETVERMOUTH ANDASHREDOFORANGEPEEL INVENTED THEMENUTELLSYOU ININ&LORENCEATTHE#ASONI"AR9OUFEELSLIGHTLYDECADENT BUTYOUTELL YOURSELFYOUHAVEEARNEDITAFTERAHARDDAYINTHEMOUNTAINS ORTHATYOU WILLEARNITBYWORKINGHARDERTHENEXTDAY THOUGHYOUFEELWITHYOUR'ORTEX AND'03THATYOUHAVENOLINKWITHTHEEARLYEXPLORERSOFTHESEMOUNTAINS 9ETONYOURHIKEUP3PRAY!VENUEYOUWILLHAVEPASSEDTHESITEOF4EX 6ERNON 7OOD°S HOUSE AT NUMBER  WHERE HE LIVED BETWEEN  AND WHILEWRITINGTHESESTORIES ANDASYOUSIPYOURCOCKTAILYOUWILL FOR THEDURATIONOFYOURSOJOURNINTHEBAR BECLOSERTO4EX°SCLIENTSTHANIFYOU WEREOUTSKINNINGABEAR4HEREWASNOMIDDLECLASSINMOUNTAINTRAVELIN THEEARLYTWENTIETHCENTURY9OUWEREEITHERAWRANGLERORYOUWEREWEALTHY 2EADING4EX°SSTORIESINCONTEXTBRINGSTHISHOME4HE¹RSTTHINGTHATHITS YOUWHENYOUOPENTHEBOUNDVOLUMEOF4HE3PORTSMANISANADFOR4IFFANY #O*EWELERS ANDFACINGITANADFOR-ARMON3TRAIGHT-OTOR#ARSOF )NDIANAPOLIS4HISISFOLLOWEDBY#ANADA$RY ­4HE#HAMPAGNEOF'INGER !LES® AND WE ARE IN THE REALM OF CHAMPAGNE TASTES ADVERTISEMENTS FOR PRIVATEPLANESLIKETHE,OCKHEED3IRIUS ENDORSEDBY#HARLES,INDBERGH¬OR THE"ELLACA¹VE PLACEAMPHIBIAN WHICHGIVESYOUTHE­FREEDOMOFLAND AIR ANDWATER ®ENABLINGYOUTOLANDANYWHERETOHUNTOR¹SH3EEATEMPTING LAKE*USTSETDOWNYOUR"ELLACAANDTHROWOUTALINE4HISIS&EBRUARY 4HESTOCKMARKETHASCRASHEDANDTHE$EPRESSIONISSTARTINGBUTYOUWOULD


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!T  AN ISSUE 4HE 3PORTSMAN WAS EXPENSIVE )N LARGE FORMAT WITH GLOSSY PAGES AND PAINTINGS COMMISSIONED FOR THE COVERS THE &EBRUARY ISSUEPICTURESAWHITE BEARDEDGENTLEMANINABROWNSUITBEINGPOLED THROUGHATROPICALSWAMPBYHIS!FRICANSERVANT ITOFFERS"ROOKS"ROTHERS CLOTHING FOR POLO OR " !LTMAN°S ­4ALLYHO® HUNTING ATTIRE FOR WOMEN BUT NO ADS FOR ¹SHING RODS MUCH LESS TENTS OR BOATS 4EX°S STORY ­4HIS 'UIDING'AME®ISSANDWICHEDBETWEENANARTICLEON­4HE2EAL2OMANCE OF3TEEPLECHASING®AND­7INDAND2AINONTHE2IVIERA®LATERINTHEISSUE 'EORG3IMMEL 4HE0HILOSOPHYOF-ONEY TRANS4OM"OTTOMOREAND$AVID&RISBY ,ONDON2OUTLEDGE+EGAN0AUL  'EORG3IMMEL ­4HE!LPINE*OURNEY ®IN3IMMEL ON#ULTURE 3ELECTED7RITINGS ED$AVID&RISBYAND-IKE&EATHERSTONE,ONDON3!'% 0UBLICATIONS  P; ¹RSTPUBLISHEDAS­!LPENREISEN ®$IE:EIT6IENNA  *ULY  = 



Third day lunch and rest wmcr: v255 / 6068

On the Simpson River wmcr: v255 / pd 36

THERE°S AN ARTICLE ON BOOKS ON ­THE CLASSICS OF FOX HUNTING LITERATURE® 4EX°SSTORY­2AMS®FOLLOWSAREGULARFEATUREOFTHEMAGAZINE¬­%STATESOF !MERICAN3PORTSMEN ®¬WHICHDISPLAYEDLAVISHHOMESINPLACESLIKETHE (AMPTONS THEWORLDOF&3COTT&ITZGERALDRATHERTHAN*ACK,ONDON!ND INTHESEPAGESWEOCCASIONALLY¹NDAFULL PAGEADFOR­"ANFF¤3OCIAL#APITAL OFTHE2OCKIES®4HETEXTASSURESYOU ­YOU°LLMEETYOURPEERSHERE®ITISTHE ­RENDEZVOUSFORSMARTSOCIETY¤DANCINGWITHACORKING PIECEORCHESTRA ¤#ANADA°SSOCIALCENTER ACCUSTOMEDTOPLEASINGROYALTY® ,ATERISSUESFEATUREADVERTISEMENTSFORTHE"ELL(OWELL&ILMOMOVIE CAMERAS STARTINGATSOYOUCANRECORDYOURFEATS ANDTHEREAREADSFOR   AND DAY!LASKA(UNTING%XPEDITIONSFORTHE+ODIAK"EAR ­PDA PNKLDU KB PNKLDEAO IS A BEAUTIFUL RUG OF THE GK@E=G >A=N THE LARGEST OF THECARNIVOROUSANIMALSONEARTH THEKINGOFALLBIGGAME ANDTHESUBJECTOFA THOUSANDINTERESTING¹RESIDETALES®

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4EX°S EXPEDITIONS WERE GRITTIER AND AS WE LEARN IN MORE THAN ONE STORY HEISABITSUSPICIOUSOFHAVINGWIVESALONG BUTHISTRIPSWERESTILLABOUT BAGGINGTHETROPHYANDGENERATINGTHEHEROIC­¹RESIDETALE® )NASENSETHESEARE¹RESIDESTORIES0ARTOFTHEAPPEALISTHATTHEREADER ISPLACEDINTHEPOSITIONOF4EX°SCON¹DANT!SWITHTHE0IPESTONE,ETTERS THESTORIESALLOWUSTOLAUGHATTHEDUDES IDENTIFYWITHTHEWRANGLERSAND GUIDES)TISATIME HONOUREDSTRATEGY ONE4EXWOULDN°TEVENHAVEHADTO THINK OF AS A WRITER !S WE JOIN THE CONGA LINE OF MOTORHOMES AMBLING LIKEPACKHORSESDOWNTHE)CE¹ELDS0ARKWAYWEWISHWECOULDBANISHALL THETOURISTS EXORCISINGTHETHOUGHTTHATTHEYAREUS3OTHEREADERSOF4HE 3PORTSMANWOULDHAVEENJOYEDCHUCKLINGATTHE"RITISHTOFFSWHOWERESO BUSYWITHTHEIRMARMALADETHEYMISSEDAGOODSHOTATABEAR ANDTHEYWOULD HAVERECOGNIZEDTHEMSELVESIN$OC THESEASONEDHUNTERWHOISNOLONGERA 0ILGRIMBUTAFRIEND ANDALMOSTANEQUAL EVENIFHEDOESBRINGAWIFE

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INTHESESTORIES THAT°SMERELYWHERETHETRAINSTOPS4EXNEVERMENTIONS 4UNNEL -OUNTAIN IN FACT HE MENTIONS FEW PLACES BY NAME AND WHAT IS REMARKABLEISHOWLITTLESENSEOFPARTICULARPLACETHEREISINTHESTORIES9OU MIGHTEXPECT4EXTOSAYSOMETHINGABOUTTHETURRETSOF#ASTLE-OUNTAIN¬ RED CRENELLATED STANDINGOUTFROMTHEGREYLIMESTONESLABSOFTHE3AWBACK 2ANGETHATHEPASSEDONTHEWAYTOHISCAMP/R'LACIER,AKE ATURQUOISE OVAL WITH A GLACIATED MASSIF AT ONE END OPEN TO THE TREED VALLEY AT THE OTHEREND LIKEAMINI ,AKE,OUISE"UTHEDOESNOTNORDOESHEGIVEUS ASENSEOFDISTANCE OFHOWLONGITTOOKTOTRAVEL SAY FROM"ANFF UPTHE  KILOMETRES OF TRAIL TO 3ASKATCHEWAN 2IVER #ROSSING AND THEN OVER INTO 'LACIER ,AKE !ND THOUGH WE HEAR ABOUT #LIFF 7HITE IT IS REALLY THE CRAZINESSOFTHENEWFANGLEDSPORTOFSKIINGTHATINTERESTS4EX4HEREARE NOPORTRAITSOFLOCALSLIKEHIS¹RSTBOSS &RED"REWSTER ORHISCONTEMPORARY *IMMY3IMPSON"UTTHAT°SNOT4EX°SINTENT(EISNOTWRITINGLOCALHISTORY NOR AS(OWARD/°(AGANWOULDDOATTHEENDOFTHEDECADEUPIN*ASPER WRITINGAREGIONALLITERATURE)NSTEAD 4EXGIVESUSSEPARATEEPISODESINAN UNDE¹NEDMOUNTAIN7EST 4HATMAYHAVEBEENDELIBERATE4HEEDITORSOFTHEMAGAZINEOFTENBLURRED THE CONTEXT 4HE PHOTOS WITH THE STORIES USUALLY ARE NOT OF "ANFF THOUGH ­5S7INTER3PORTS®DOESHAVEPICTURESOFSKIERSANDTHE!SSINIBOINECABIN AND­4EPEE4ALES®FEATURESACOWBOYONAPALOMINO¬ASADDLEHORSE NOTA PACKHORSE¬POSEDONADESERTBLUFFMESATHATISOBVIOUSLYINTHE!MERICAN SOUTHWEST4EXISNOTWRITINGTHELOCALBECAUSEHEISNOTWRITINGFORLOCALS(E DIDNOTPUBLISHIN#ANADIANMAGAZINESHISAUDIENCEISTHOUSANDSOFMILES AWAY ANDTHELACKOFSPECI¹CDETAILGIVESTHEPIECESAUNIVERSALQUALITY "UTTHEREISMORETHANEDITORIALDIRECTIONORCOMMERCIALCONSTRAINTAT WORKHERE)N#ANADA°SUNEMPLOYMENTRATEJUMPEDTOPERCENTAND SOMETHINGHADTOBEDONEWITHTHETRANSIENTMEN*"(ARKIN $OMINION 0ARKS #OMMISSIONER HAD LONG DREAMED OF A ROAD FROM "ANFF TO *ASPER TO BRING IN THE NEW TOURISTS WHO WERE TURNING FROM THE RAILWAY TO THE AUTOMOBILE$URINGTHE&IRST7ORLD7AR­ENEMYALIENS®HADBEENUSEDTO WORKONTHEROADFROM"ANFFTO,AKE,OUISE.OWCAMPSFORTHEUNEMPLOYED WERESETUPTOEXTENDTHATROAD(UNDREDSOFMENWEREASSEMBLEDINTHEFALL OFATEITHERENDOFTHEROAD SURVEYTEAMSWERESENTTHROUGHTOMARK THEROUTE ANDTHECLEARINGOFBRUSHANDSTUMPSBEGAN)NAS4EXWAS BEGINNINGHIS0IPESTONE,ETTERS ROADCREWSWITHPICKSANDSHOVELSWERE HACKINGTHROUGHTHEFORESTTOWARD"OW,AKE"YTHEYHADCOMPLETED MILES  KILOMETRES OFROAD WITHANOTHERMILESTOGO)NA 

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Dad (Nello Vernon-Wood) with animal skins wmcr: v255 / pd 7

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4

HE JOURNEY OF .ELLO 6ERNON 7OOD « WAS THE OPPOSITE OF THAT STOCK ¹GURE IN .ORTH !MERICA THE ROGUE FROM A MODEST BACKGROUNDWHOINVENTSEXALTEDSOCIALORIGINSAFTERARRIVINGINTHE .EW7ORLD WHERENO ONECANCALLHISBLUFF.ELLOWASAGENTLEMANBORN ANDBRED ACCORDINGTOCONTEMPORARYDE¹NITIONS!NDYETHISSTORYANDTHE STORIESHEWROTEABOUTTHE.EW7ORLDANDHISPLACEINITAREMUCHMORE THANANOTHERVERSIONOF4ARZAN OF THE !PES(ISREINVENTIONOFHIMSELFAS ¯4EX7OOD°OR7OODS ANAUTHENTICWESTERN#ANADIANMANBOTHINHIS DAILYLIFEATLEASTTOSOMEEXTENT ANDINHISHOMESPUNTALESOFAVANISHING ERA HASMUCHTOTELLUSTODAYABOUTHOWTHE7ESTWASNOTJUSTWON BUT ALSOCREATEDASAFANTASYFORMANYPEOPLEWHOWANTEDANDWANT TOBELIEVE THAT THE MODERN INDUSTRIALIZED WORLD ITSELF CAN BE LEFT BEHIND )N THIS HE WAS LIKE TWO OTHER POPULAR WRITERS OF HIS TIME 'REY /WL AND #HIEF "UFFALO#HILD,ONG,ANCE4HE%NGLISHMAN!RCHIE"ELANEYBECAMEABEST SELLING#ANADIANAUTHORWHENHETOOKTHENAME'REY/WLANDLIVEDASAN ABORIGINAL3YLVESTER#LARK,ONGHADBEENTREATEDASAN!FRICAN !MERICAN INHISBIRTHPLACE THE!MERICAN3OUTH BECAUSEHEWASOFMIXEDRACE!STHE "LACKFOOT#HIEF"UFFALO#HILD,ONG,ANCE HEBECAMEAPOPULARAUTHOROF ­)NDIAN®STORIESFOR!MERICANAND#ANADIANNEWSPAPERSANDMAGAZINES
!LSO LIKE HIS CONTEMPORARIES 'REY /WL AND ,ONG ,ANCE IN HIS WRITING ANDINTHEPERSONAHEINVENTEDFORIT 4EX7OODCREATEDANIMAGEOFTHE FRONTIER THAT WAS A ROUGH AND READY AND ABOVE ALL AN AUTHENTICALLY WILD 3EE*ANE"ILLINGHURST 'REY/WL4HE-ANY&ACESOF!RCHIE"ELANEY6ANCOUVER'REYSTONE "OOKS  AND$ONALD"3MITH #HIEF"UFFALO#HILD,ONG,ANCE4HE'LORIOUS)MPOSTER 2ED$EER !"2ED$EER0RESS  



PLACEBECAUSEHECOULDPASSASAMEMBEROFTHATWORLD4HISWORLD OFTEN CALLED­THE/LD7EST ®WASAPLACEOFIN¹NITEPOSSIBILITIES !S 0ATRICIA ,IMERICK POINTS OUT ­ ; IN= THE SEARCH TO DISTINGUISH ¯THE 2EAL 7EST° FROM ¯THE &AKE 7EST°¤THE 2EAL 7EST AND THE &AKE 7EST END UP TIED TOGETHER VIRTUALLY 3IAMESE TWINS SHARING THE SAME CIRCULATORY SYSTEM®!LONG WITH MANY OTHER WRITERS OF HIS TIME 4EX HELPED TO KNIT TOGETHERTHE7ESTOFHISGUIDINGEXPERIENCESWITHTHE7ESTASALITERARY OBJECT )T IS NOT POSSIBLE TO TELL THEREFORE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ­AUTHENTIC®7ESTANDITSAUTHENTICAUTHOR 4EX ANDTHE­FAKE®7EST)N4EX°S WRITINGS BOTHAREREAL!SWEWILLSHOW 4EXEVEN­WINKED®ATHISREADERS INSOMEOFHISSTORIESTOSHOWTHATHEWASNOTASAUTHENTICALLYBACKWOODS ASSOMEMIGHTTHINK"UTHE ANDTHE7ESTHEHELPEDPOPULARIZE SEEMED REAL ENOUGH¬OR ENTERTAINING ENOUGH¬TO ENSURE A STEADY APPETITE FOR HISSTORIESINSPORTINGJOURNALSLIKE4HE3PORTSMANAND4HE&ORUM SLICK MAGAZINESPRODUCEDFORAMIDDLE CLASSREADERSHIPONTHEEASTERNSEABOARD OFTHE5NITED3TATES $URINGTHEEARLYPARTOFTHETWENTIETHCENTURY WHEN4EXWASWRITING STORIES AND WORKING AS A GUIDE PEOPLE ºOCKED TO THE #ANADIAN AND !MERICANFRONTIERSTOHAVEANEXPERIENCEOFAWORLDTHEYTHOUGHTWASLOST A PLACE OF ADVENTURE WHERE CIVILIZATION DID NOT SEEM TO HAVE TAKEN HOLD !NDIFTHEYCOULDNOTGOTHERE THEYREADSTORIESABOUTTHATROMANTICPLACE BYPEOPLEWHOREALLYLIVEDTHEREANDWHOCOULDTELLTHEMWHATITWASREALLY LIKE4EXWASANDPRESENTEDHIMSELFASTHETOUGHOLDFRONTIERSMANTHATHIS READERSWANTEDORNEEDEDTOIMAGINE)NOTHERWORDS 4EXCOULD­PASS®AS AMANOFTHEWILDS%LAINE+'INSBERGPOINTSOUT­THEPOSITIVEPOTENTIALOF PASSING; IS=AWAYOFCHALLENGING¤CATEGORIESANDBOUNDARIES)NITSPOLITICS PASSINGHASTHEPOTENTIALTOCREATEASPACEFORCREATIVESELF DETERMINATION ANDAGENCYTHEOPPORTUNITYTOCREATEMULTIPLEIDENTITIES TOEXPERIMENTWITH MULTIPLE SUBJECT POSITIONS AND TO CROSS SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BOUNDARIES THATEXCLUDEOROPPRESS®4EX7OODDELIBERATELYCREATEDAPERSONAANDA LIFE THAT FREED HIM FROM THE DECIDEDLY UNADVENTUROUS CONSTRAINTS OF HIS UPPER CLASSFAMILYLIFEIN%NGLAND¬ANDWHICHHEWASLATERABLETOUSEASA WRITERBECAUSEIT¹TANDORFEDTHEFANTASIESOFHISREADERS"UT ASWESHALL 0ATRICIA,IMERICK ­4HE2EAL7EST®)N4HE2EAL7EST COMMENTARYBY0ATRICIA.ELSON ,IMERICK INTRODUCTIONBY!NDREW%-ASICH$ENVER#IVIC#ENTER#ULTURAL#OMPLEX  « %LAINE+'INSBERG 0ASSINGANDTHE&ICTIONSOF)DENTITY$URHAM .#$UKE5NIVERSITY 0RESS  




SEE ACLOSEEXAMINATION4EX°SUSEOFLANGUAGEINMANYOFHISSTORIESSHOWS TRACESOFHISEDUCATIONANDUPBRINGINGFROMTHATPREVIOUSLIFE MIXEDIN WITH­/LD7EST®TURNSOFPHRASE JUSTASHABITSFROMHISLIFEIN%NGLAND REMAINEDPARTOFHISDAILYLIFEASAMANOFTHEMOUNTAINS 4EXWASBORNTOAFAMILYTHATWASATTHEVERYLEASTGENTEEL IN3TRATFORD UPON !VONIN/NEFAMILYSNAPSHOTSHOWSHIMOUTSIDETHEGATESOF ACOUNTRYHOUSE WITHHISMOTHER2UTH(UNTERANDAUNTHETOLD FAMILY MEMBERS THAT IT WAS HIS FAMILY HOME BUT HE ALMOST NEVER SPOKE OF HIS FAMILY(ISFATHER ANARMYPHYSICIAN ISSAIDTOHAVEBEENKILLEDIN%GYPT WITHIN A DECADE OF HIS BIRTH .ELLO WAS NAMED AFTER HIS MAIDEN AUNT .ELL WHOHELPEDTORAISEHIM)NHISEARLYTWENTIES .ELLO­LITOUTFORTHE TERRITORIES ® LANDING IN /NTARIO IN  WHERE HE WORKED AS A HAND ON ANISOLATEDFARMSOMEWHEREBETWEEN+INGSTONAND4RENTON(ELEFTTHAT HARD LIFE FOR THE #ANADIAN 7EST GOING ¹RST TO -EDICINE (AT WHERE HE ARRIVEDBY .ELLO WAS CHARGED WITH MANSLAUGHTER AT -EDICINE (AT IN LATE  OR  (E HAD PURSUED AND ¹RED ON A -mTIS MAN ¯HALFBREED° AS HE WOULD HAVE BEEN CALLED THEN WHO HAD STOLEN A HORSE BELONGING TO 4EX !FTER A LENGTHY STRUGGLE FOR HIS LIFE THE MAN SURVIVED AND THE CHARGE WASDROPPED4HEJUDGE ITSEEMS HADKNOWN6ERNON 7OODSENIOR WHO SEEMSTOHAVESERVEDIN#ANADAATSOMEPOINT PERHAPSWITH7OLSELEY°S2ED 2IVER %XPEDITION IN  OR IN  OR PERHAPS EVEN ON -IDDLETON°S %XPEDITION  AGAINST THE 2IEL UPRISING .OT SURPRISINGLY GIVEN THE BONDS OF CLASS ETHNICITY AND PRIVILEGE .ELLO WAS PAROLED UNDER THE WATCHFULEYEOFHISMOTHER WHOMTHEJUDGESUMMONEDFROM%NGLANDTO STANDSURETYFORHERUNRULYSON3HEARRIVEDANDHADALARGE COMFORTABLE HOUSEBUILTFORTHEM!YEARORSOLATER THETERMSOFTHEPAROLESATIS¹ED SHE RETURNEDTO%NGLAND7HENSHEBECAMEILL .ELLOWENTHOMETO%NGLAND TOSEEHISMOTHERWHOWASTODIEOFSTOMACHCANCERINOR (E )NTHEPOSSESSIONOF.ELLO°SGRAND DAUGHTER3ONJA6ERNON 7OOD DAUGHTEROF#HRISTINA 6ERNON 7OOD ,EE#REEK "# 3EE­4EX6ERNON 7OOD2ECOLLECTIONSBYHIS'RANDSON *OHN2'OW®IN!PPENDIX! !CCORDINGTO#HRISTINA6ERNON 7OOD INAPRIVATECOMMUNICATIONWITH!NDREW'OWIN (ERSOURCEWASHERHUSBAND"ILL .ELLO°SSON 4HE7OLSELEYCONNECTIONISPLAUSIBLEBECAUSE6ERNON 7OODSENIORISSAIDTOHAVEDIEDIN %GYPTSOONAFTER.ELLO°SBIRTH-AJOR 'ENERAL3IR'ARNET7OLSELEYALSOLEDANEXPEDITIONTO %GYPTINTOPUTDOWNTHE5RABI2EVOLT ANDTHENCOMMANDEDTHE.ILE%XPEDITIONTO RELIEVE'ENERAL'ORDONAT+HARTOUMIN





LEFTTHE-EDICINE(ATHOUSEINTHECAREOFAFRIEND RETURNINGAFEWMONTHS LATERTO¹NDTHEHOUSEDESERTEDANDEMPTIEDOFITSLAVISHFURNISHINGS(E SOLDTHEHOUSEANDMOVEDONTOTHE2OCKY-OUNTAINS ¹RSTTOHANDLETHE HORSESUSEDINTHECONSTRUCTIONOFTHETRAMWAYUPTO,AKE,OUISE )NOR 4EXWENTTO"ANFF OSTENSIBLYTOTAKETHEWATERSATTHE 3PRINGSTOHELPHEALABROKENLEGTHATHADRESULTEDFROMANACCIDENTWHEN ­AHORSEFELLONHIM®)TWASTHERETHATHEMET*IM"REWSTER WHOOFFERED HIMAJOBINTHEOUT¹TTINGBUSINESS 3OMETIMEINTHISPERIODHEEARNED THENAME4EXFORASETOFSNAZZY4EXASRIDINGCHAPSHEAFFECTED PERHAPS FOR PRACTICALITY PERHAPS TO HIDE HIS EGREGIOUS %NGLISHNESS¬A QUALITY THENNOTMUCHINDEMANDINTHE#ANADIAN7EST
(ELATERSAIDTHATHE PREFERRED TO BE CALLED 4EX ¹NDING .ELLO ­3HAKESPEAREAN® AND TOO HIGH ºOWN FOR HIS TASTE

(E CLAIMS THAT HE HAD ALL KINDS OF ¹GHTS AND GRIEF ASACHILDONACCOUNTOFTHENAME­-YMOTHERHADBEENREADING$ANTE ORSOMEBLOODYTHING ®HESAIDINAGOOD NATUREDWAYINANINTERVIEWIN 
 )T WOULD SEEM THAT ­3HAKESPEAREAN® IN THIS CONTEXT MEANT BOTH ­%NGLISH® AND ­ELITE® 3ARAH #ARTER HAS POINTED OUT THAT ABIDING COLONIAL INSECURITIES ABOUT %NGLISHNESS WERE RELATED TO BOTH ETHNICITY AND CLASS CITING*37OODSWORTH°SJUDGEMENTTHAT­THE3COTCH )RISHAND7ELSHHAVE &ROMTAPEDINTERVIEWSMADEBY-ARYALICE(3TEWART *ANUARYAND&EBRUARY  ATTHESI?N2EEL3!  ACCESSIONNUMBER "ANFF#RAGAND#ANYON /BITUARYFOR.6ERNON 7OOD -AY ALSOTAPED INTERVIEW SI?N3!  3EE FOREXAMPLE -ARK:UEHLKE 3COUNDRELS $REAMERS3ECOND3ONS"RITISH2EMITTANCE -ENINTHE#ANADIAN7EST6ANCOUVER4ORONTO7HITECAP"OOKS  EG P­4HE POPULAR#ANADIANFOLKLORETHATGREWUPAROUNDTHEPRESENCEOF"RITISHREMITTANCEMEN INTHE#ANADIANWESTREPRESENTEDTHEMASFOOLS DRUNKARDS LOUTS SCOUNDRELS ANDSNOBS WHOREFUSEDTO¹TINTOTHEEVOLVING#ANADIANSOCIETY4HE"RITISHGENTLEMANWASDERIDED INBARS SATIRIZEDONSTAGE LAMPOONEDINBOOKS SAVAGEDINTHEMUSICHALLS ANDGENERALLY TREATEDWITHSCORN®&ORAVERYTHOROUGHTREATMENTOFTHISTOPICINTHE#ANADIAN7EST SEE 0ATRICK!$UNAE 'ENTLEMAN)MMIGRANTS&ROMTHE"RITISH0UBLIC3CHOOLSTOTHE#ANADIAN &RONTIER6ANCOUVER4ORONTO$OUGLAS-C)NTYRE  ESPCHAPTERS6) .ATURE°S 'ENTLEMENAND6)) 2EMITTANCE-EN)NTHEINTERVIEWWITH-ARYALICE3TEWART 4EX EXPLAINSTHATHEHADMADEAGOODDEALOFMONEYWORKINGONAPACKTRAINATAN)DAHOGOLD MINEANDSPENTSOMEOFHISEARNINGSONAFANCYSETOFBATWING4EXAS STYLE CHAPSONHIS WAYBACKTO,AKE,OUISE!SHEWASRETICENTABOUTHISUNUSUAL¹RSTNAME HEDIDNOTUSEIT AND*IM-ACLEODDECIDEDTOCALLHIM4EXBECAUSEOFTHECHAPSSI?N3!  #FNOTE *OHN'OW°SRECOLLECTIONSCON¹RMEDBY#HRISTINA6ERNON 7OOD INAPRIVATE COMMUNICATIONWITH!NDREW'OWIN 3TEWARTMAKESITCLEARTHATSHEHADNEVERHEARDTHENAME.ELLOBEFORE ONLYTHE­.®IN ­.6ERNON 7OOD®SI?N3! 




A hunting party, 1924 wmcr: v255 / 6068

Banff in winter, 1928 wmcr: v255 / 6068

DONEWELL4HEGREATERNUMBEROFFAILURESHASBEENAMONGTHE%NGLISH¤ /NMANYWESTERNFARMS CERTAIN%NGLISHMENHAVEPROVEDSOUSELESSTHAT WHENHELPISNEEDED ¯NO%NGLISHMENNEEDAPPLY°®"OTHTHE­FAILURESOF %NGLISH CITIES® WORKING CLASS IMMIGRANTS AND UPPER CLASS ­REMITTANCE MEN®WEREEQUALLYUNWELCOMEANDSCORNED
 .ELLO°S CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE WITH ANIMALS HE HAD KEPT FERRETS FOR HUNTING AND LATER A LARGE HUNTING DACHSHUND CALLED 3NAPPER AND ESPECIALLYWITHHORSES SEEMS TOHAVESTOODHIM IN GOODSTEAD IN "ANFF WHEREHEWORKEDASAHORSEWRANGLER HUNTINGGUIDE OUT¹TTER ANDLATER PARKWARDEN7HILEHEWASWORKINGFORTHE"REWSTERSASAGUIDE ACLIENT SHOTANANIMALOUTSIDETHELAW AND4EX­TOOKAFALLFORTHE"REWSTEROUT¹T IN ® WITH A CONVICTION FOR POACHING BUT WAS ­REPUTABLE ENOUGH BY ; SIC=TOPINONABADGE®ASA0ARK7ARDEN
(EWASSOONASSIGNEDTO -ASSIVE AHALTONTHE#02EASTOF"ANFF WHENCEHEVISITEDTOWNWEEKLY IN WINTER WITH A DOGSLED (IS BABY DAUGHTER $OROTHY°S ¹RST WORDS SHE CLAIMED WERE­-USH
MUSH
® !CCORDINGTO#YNDI3MITH 4EXWASWITHTHE0ARK3ERVICEATANEARLIER DATE THAN ¬THE DATE 3ID -ARTY GIVES ­4HE $OMINION 0ARK 3ERVICE ASSIGNEDONEOFTHEIRWARDENS 4EX6ERNON 7OOD USUALLYCALLED4EX7OOD TOASSISTTHE7ALCOTTSIN®
4HEEARLIERDATEMAKESSENSEBECAUSEIN  HE SAID HE SET UP AN OUT¹T OF HIS OWN IN 
 (E HAD WORKED FOR #HARLES 7ALCOTT SINCE AT LEAST  AS "YRON (ARMON°S PHOTOGRAPH OF THE GUIDES ON THE 3MITHSONIAN %XPEDITION OF THAT YEAR ATTESTS
 4HE 3MITHSONIAN%XPEDITIONWASONEOFTHEMOSTFAMOUSSCIENTI¹CEXPEDITIONS INTOTHEMOUNTAINSATTHETIME ANDITPROVIDEDMATERIALFOR4EX°SLATERSTORIES )TS MEMBERS INCLUDED -ARY - 6AUX A 1UAKER MOUNTAINEER GEOLOGIST AND BOTANIST FROM 0HILADELPHIA AND HER HUSBAND #HARLES $ 7ALCOTT A 3ARAH#ARTER ­"RITISHNESS ¯&OREIGNNESS° 7OMENAND,ANDIN7ESTERN#ANADA S«S®IN(UMANITIES2ESEARCHTEEE  «HERE«CITEDFROM*3 7OODSWORTH 3TRANGERS7ITHIN/UR'ATES4ORONTO&#3TEPHENSON  AND 3ID-ARTY !'RANDAND&ABULOUS.OTION4HE&IRST#ENTURYOF#ANADA°S0ARKS4ORONTO .#0RESS   #YNDI3MITH /FFTHE"EATEN4RACK7OMEN!DVENTURERSAND-OUNTAINEERSIN7ESTERN #ANADA*ASPER !"#OYOTE"OOKS  3EEALSO#OLLEEN3KIDMORE ED 4HIS7ILD3PIRIT 7OMENINTHE2OCKY-OUNTAINSOF#ANADA%DMONTON !"5NIVERSITYOF!LBERTA0RESS  ESPECIALLYON-ARY6AUX 4APEDINTERVIEW 3"  3EE&RONTISPIECE




GEOLOGISTANDPALAEONTOLOGISTWHOWORKEDFORTHE3MITHSONIAN)NSTITUTION 6AUXHADMET7ALCOTTWHENHEWASWORKINGONHISRENOWNEDDISCOVERY THE "URGESS3HALE4EXWOULDLATERTURNANANNOYINGENCOUNTERWITHAGAME WARDENWHILEHUNTINGLEGALLY INTHE0ARKFORTHE3MITHSONIAN°SCOLLECTION WITH6AUXAND7ALCOTTINTOASTORY ­4EX2EADSHIS0ERMIT® !NOTHER ECHO OF HIS WORK WITH THIS ILLUSTRIOUS PAIR SURFACES IN ­4HIS 'UIDING 'AME ® IN WHICH ONE OF 4EX°S WRANGLERS SURPRISED A PROFESSOR OF GEOLOGY WITH AN INTIMATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE GEOLOGY OF THE 2OCKY -OUNTAINS 4EX MAINTAINED AN ASSOCIATION WITH THE 7ALCOTTS FOR MANY YEARS­!FTERHEQUITTHEGOVERNMENTANDACQUIREDHISOWNPACKOUT¹TIN  4EX CONTINUED TO ESCORT THEM ON THEIR SUMMER EXPEDITIONS FROM ,AKE,OUISE¤ -ARYWASAVERYDETERMINEDWOMANANDTHE¹RSTTIME4EX OUT¹TTEDFORTHEMHETOLDHERINNOUNCERTAINTERMSTHAT¯)WASQUITEOPEN TOSUGGESTIONSBUT)WASRUNNINGTHEPACKOUT¹T AFTERWHICHSHELEFTHIM ALONE°®
#LEARLY 4EXWASINDEPENDENTANDUTTERLYUNDAUNTEDBYTHEELITE CLIENTELETHATCAMEHISWAY PRINCIPALLYFROMTHEUPPERECHELONSOF53 ANDSOMETIMES"RITISH ­SOCIETY®)NTHE7HYTE-USEUMOFTHE#ANADIAN 2OCKIES AMONGHISPERSONALPAPERS ISACARBONCOPYOFALETTERONEOFHIS .EW9ORKCUSTOMERSHADWRITTENTOANOTHER!MERICAN RECOMMENDING4EX ASAGUIDEBECAUSEHEWAS­AGENTLEMAN®ANDTHUS¹TCOMPANYFORWOMEN AS WELL AS MEN
­)°D GO TO .EW 9ORK AND GO TO THEIR CLUBS AND THEY°D INTRODUCE ME AROUND ) HAD A WHOLE CLIENTELE OF .EW 9ORK LAWYERS ® HE SAIDIN4EXMADEHISLIVINGTHISWAYFORSOMEYEARS ANDGUIDING 2OOSEVELTS &LEISHMANS AND OTHER WELL HEELED CLIENTS KEPT HIM AND HIS FAMILYCOMFORTABLYINAFRAME HOUSEON3PRAY!VENUEIN"ANFF THROUGH THESANDS(ETOOKTHEYEASTMAGNATE-AX&LEISCHMAN WHOM HEHADMETIN#ALIFORNIA HUNTINGFORTROPHYSHEEP4HOUGHTHEYDIDNOT SHOOTANYTHINGNOADEQUATETROPHYHORNSHAVINGPRESENTEDTHEMSELVESTO THEIRGUNSIGHTS THEYHADAWONDERFULTIMESTALKINGSHEEP
%VENTUALLYTHE0ARKBOUNDARIESEXPANDED ANDFORMERHUNTINGGROUNDS INCLUDING4EX°SBELOVED0IPESTONE2IVER6ALLEY WEREOFFLIMITSTOHISHUNTING GUESTS )N  HIS BUSINESS ­WAS GETTING IMPOSSIBLE® AND HE MOVED TO THE#OLUMBIA6ALLEY SETTINGUPTHE%DGEWOOD2ANCHAPPARENTLYNAMED 4HISISAVERBATIMCITATIONFROMANINTERVIEWTAPED&EBRUARY 3#  - 4APEDINTERVIEW 3#  4APEDINTERVIEW 3# 




On the trail, 1924 wmcr: v255 / 6068

FOR HIS PARENTS° HOUSE IN 3TRATFORD ON THE BENCHLANDS ABOVE )NVERMERE "# ASACOMBINEDRANCHINGOPERATIONANDSUMMERCAMPFORTHECHILDREN OFHISGUIDINGCLIENTS­BOYSWITHTOOMUCHMONEYANDALITTLESPOILED®  (EGOTINTOUCHWITHASCHOOLIN2ICH¹ELD #ONNECTICUT ANDINSPRINGHE WENTTHERE­TOMEETTHEPARENTSSOTHEYCOULDSEEWHATKINDOFANEGG) WAS®4HENAME­$IRK2OOSEVELT ®ONEOFTHEWELL HEELEDCAMPERS COULD STILLBESEENDECADESLATERONONEOFTHEFRAMEGUESTCABINSONTHERANCH 4EXEVENTUALLYMOVEDFROMTHISPROPERTYATTHEENDOFTHE3ECOND7ORLD 7AR TAKING THE %DGEWOOD NAME WITH HIM TO A RANCH ON FERTILE VALLEY BOTTOMLANDNEAR"RISCO "#(EEVENTUALLYSOLDTHISOUT¹TTOOANDMOVED INSEMI RETIREMENTTO7INDERMERE "# WHEREHEWORKEDFORSOMEYEARS ASA¹RELOOKOUTON-OUNT3WANSEA  FEETABOVETHE#OLUMBIA6ALLEY ANDLATERASA0ARKSEMPLOYEEWELLINTOHISLATES $ESPITE 4EX°S RUGGED LIFE AND SELF FASHIONED IMAGE AS A TOUGH OUTDOORSMAN HE NEVER COMPLETELY ABANDONED HIS ¹RST IDENTITY AS AN EDUCATED%NGLISHGENTLEMAN(EWASALIFE LONGSUBSCRIBERTOTHEOVERSEAS EDITION OF THE -ANCHESTER 'UARDIAN AND A SOCIAL DEMOCRAT IN A WORLD OF RUGGED INDIVIDUALISTS (E READ WIDELY AND THIS PROBABLY SUGGESTED NUMEROUS MODELS AND POSSIBILITIES FOR HIS OWN WRITING STYLE (E BEGAN PUBLISHINGSTORIESAROUND AFTERTHEEXPANSIONOF"ANFF.ATIONAL0ARK HAD CONSUMED HIS OLD GUIDING AND HUNTING TERRITORIES AROUND 3HADOW ,AKEANDTHE0IPESTONE#ANYON4HESTORIES MAINLYWRITTENINTHEPERSONA OF A ROUGH AND TUMBLE GUIDE COMPLETE WITH VARYING APPROXIMATIONS OF ­WESTERN® DIALECT KEPT COMING THROUGHOUT THE $EPRESSION «  4HEY WERE CLEARLY A MEANS TO HELP FEED HIS FAIRLY LARGE FAMILY !FTER PUBLISHINGIN4HE3PORTSMAN HEWASSOLICITEDTOWRITEFOROTHERMAGAZINES INCLUDING4HE&ORUM THEEDITOROFWHICHASKEDFORSTORIESTOBEWRITTENIN 3#  3EE­!'IFTFROM'RANDAD6ERNON 7OOD ®BYHISGRANDSON(ARRY7'OWIN!PPENDIX ")NTHEPIECEENTITLED­$RIED3PINACHOR-OOSE3TEAK ®COMPOSEDASALETTERTOAFRIEND IN.EW9ORKFROM­.6ERNON 7OOD®ANDPUBLISHEDIN(UNTINGAND&ISHING *UNE WE GETASENSEOF4EX°SAPPETITEFORREADING­4HANKSFORTHEMAGAZINESANNEWSPAPERS,AST WINTER WEWASSTORMBOUNDSOMUCHTHAT)LEARNTALLOFTHE3TOCKMAN°S!LMANACBYHEART ANMOSTOFTHE'OVERNMENT°SREPORTONGRASSHOPPERCONTROL)SUREWASPININFORACHANGE OFTHOUGHT¬9OURSTRULY 4EX®)N HENOTEDTHATHISUNUSUALNAME .ELLO SEEMEDTO BE)TALIANASITAPPEAREDINTHEWORKOF$ANTEANDPERHAPSOF"OCACCIO OFWHICHHEHADA TRANSLATION4APEDINTERVIEW SI?N3!  ,ETTEROF/CTOBER  FROMTHEEDITOR (ARRY'ODDARD,EACH TO4EX­(OWWOULD YOULIKETOTRYAN WORD4RAVELOGUEFOR4HE&ORUMON¯"IG'AME(UNTINGINTHE




­PICTURESQUELANGUAGE ®ANDTHE.ATIONAL3PORTSMAN4EX°SWRITINGSTYLES BETRAYBOTHHISSOCIALORIGINSANDHISASPIRATIONS¬PARTLYTOSOMEACCEPTABLE FORM OF 7ESTERN !NGLO #ANADIAN BUT NOT %NGLISH
NORMATIVITY WHICH REQUIREDAMEASUREOFDOWNWARDMOBILITYINTHESOCIALSENSE(OWEVER THE ERUDITEJOKESANDALLUSIONSIN4EX°SSTORIESMAKEITCLEARTHATTHISISNOHICK WRITINGITISA­GENT®SORTOFPRETENDINGTOBEAHICK 4EXALSOWROTEANUMBEROF­STRAIGHT®PIECESINHIS¹RSTPERSONA THAT OF AN EDUCATED %NGLISH GENTLEMAN /NE WAS A HUNTING STORY ­2AMS ® PUBLISHEDIN4HE3PORTSMAN !PRIL «HEREHEBETRAYSACLASSICAL EDUCATIONWITHANALLUSIONTOTHE¹RSTLINEOF#AESAR°S$EBELLOGALLICA !LLVISITORSAREDIVIDEDINTOTHREEPARTSLIKEANCIENT'AUL­TOURISTS ®­TINCANNERS ® AND­PILGRIMS®!NYOLDVISITORISATOURISTPROVIDEDHEORSHECOMESBYTRAIN4HE TINCANNERSEXPLAINTHEMSELVES BUTASSOONASONEMOUNTSACAYUSEANDTAKESTO THEHILLSWITHANOUT¹T TOHUNT ¹SH CLIMB ORJUSTLOAF THENHEORSHEBECOMESA PILGRIM ANDASSUCHISACCEPTEDINTOTHEINNERCIRCLE

!NOTHER STRAIGHT PIECE ­!N %ARLY 3KI !TTEMPT ON -T 0TARMIGAN ® PUBLISHEDSOONAFTERINTHE#ANADIAN!LPINE*OURNAL THEOF¹CIALORGANOF THE#ANADIAN!LPINE#LUBANDWRITTENUNDERTHENAME.6ERNON 7OOD ISCLEARLYAPRODUCTOFAN%NGLISHEDUCATION WITHWHATWASATTHETIME AGENTLEANDNATURALUSEOFSCRIPTURALLANGUAGE­!DAYSPENTININTIMATE CONTACT WITH ALMOST OVERWHELMING GRANDEUR IS REWARD PRESSED DOWN AND RUNNING OVER® P  CF ,UKE   (IS STYLE IS OTHERWISE JUST AS ELEGANTBUTNONETHELESSSUITEDTOTHEGRANDEUROFTHESUBJECTASHENOTES THENAMESANDSOCIALCLASSOFMEMBERSOFANOTHERSKIINGPARTY­)N-ARCH OFLASTYEAR ; = !.42ANKIN OF,ONDON %NGLAND ANDHISWIFE ,ADY *EAN ACCOMPANIED BY TWO OF THE ORIGINAL CLIMBERS MADE A SKI ASCENT OF 0TARMIGAN®P )FWECOMPARETHISWITHTHELANGUAGEHEUSEDIN­5S 7INTER 3PORTS® IN 4HE 3PORTSMAN FOR INSTANCE WE ¹ND A VERY DIFFERENT VOICE EVENTHOUGHTHETOPIC SKIING ISTHESAME 4HINGSDIDN°TGOTOOAWFULBADUNTILWEHITTHE¹RSTHILL)T°SSTEEPANDTHETRAIL 2OCKIES°9OUCANWORKINSOMEOFYOURMOSTEXCITINGEXPERIENCES!NDIFYOUWILLUSEYOUR OWNMOSTPICTU ; R= ESQUELANGUAGE ANDDONOTSTUMBLEINTOACADEMIC%NGLISH THINKINGITIS FOR4HE&ORUM YOUMIGHTPRODUCESOMETHINGVERYORIGINALANDREFRESHINGFOROURREADERS 7EWILLBEWILLINGTOGAMBLEONTHEEXPERIMENT ANYHOW®SI?N- ,ETTEROF-AY  FROM%73MITH -ANAGING%DITOR TO4EX ASKINGFORAN  WORDPIECEAND­SOMEGOODCLEARPHOTOGRAPHS BOTHACTIONANDSCENIC® SI?N- #ANADIAN!LPINE*OURNAL VOL  «




MAKESABENDATTHEBOTTOM4HE"ULL; -OUNTIE =TAKESOFF¹RST ANDMAKESITPRETTY GOOD"UCKSHOTFOLLOWS BUTHISPACKGETSGOINGFASTERTHANHEIS SOHESITSDOWN BYWAYOFPUTTINGONTHEBRAKES)SHOVEOFF ANDPASS"UCKLIKEABATOUTOFHELL BUT CAN°TMAKETHATTURN)TRYSTEMTURNS JUMPTURNS TELEMARKS ANDALOTTHATAIN°TIN OURBOOK AND¹NISHINANOSEDIVE WITHKINDOFATAILSPIN ANDCOMETOAPERFECT FOURTEEN POINTLANDING LOSINGHIDEONALLFOURTEENOF°EM BELIEVEITORNOT 

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TOCARICATUREABORIGINALPEOPLEANDYETONTHESAMEPAGECONVEYASTRONG SENSE OF HOW ­NOBLE® SHE THOUGHT THEY WERE )N *ANEY #ANUCK IN THE 7EST OF  %MILY -URPHY¬IN HER PERSONA AS *ANEY #ANUCK INTREPID !NGLO #ANADIANTRAVELLER¬MAKESFUNOFRECENTIMMIGRANTSANDATMANY POINTS EXPRESSES HER DISMAY ABOUT THEIR ¹LTHINESS 4HOMAS #HANDLER (ALIBURTON°SSATIRICALLAMPOONINGOF!MERICANSIN4HE#LOCKMAKERSERIES OFAND3USANNAH-OODIE°SSTEREOTYPINGOF!MERICANS 3COTSMEN AND AND)RISHMENIN2OUGHING)TINTHE"USH USESIMILARSTEREOTYPICAL DEVICESTHATAREJUSTNOTFUNNYTODAY &ICTIONAL WORK ABOUT THE #ANADIAN 7EST ALSO INCLUDED STEREOTYPICAL PORTRAITSOFUNCOUTHIMMIGRANTSAND)NDIANS PARTLYASINTHEBEST SELLING NOVELS OF 2ALPH #ONNOR FROM THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY TO SHOW HOW GENTEEL THE ­REAL® #ANADIANS COULD BE 4EX°S WORK BETRAYS MANY OF THE SAME INºUENCES AND SENTIMENTS ALTHOUGH HIS MORE POSITIVE PORTRAYALS OFABORIGINALPEOPLEAREMOREREMINISCENTOF'REY/WL°SAPPROACH4HERE ARE VARIOUS REFERENCES TO )NDIANS IN 4EX°S STORIES AND NONE OF THEM IS HOSTILEORJUDGEMENTALSOMEARECLEARLYPOSITIVE THOUGHMOSTHAVESOME AIROFSTEREOTYPEABOUTTHEM)NHISSERIOUSPIECE ­2AMS ®HENOTESTHAT THE)NDIANSINTHE"ANFFAREAAREVERYGOODHUNTERSANDHAVEAPRAGMATIC VIEWOFGUNS RATHERTHANMAKINGAFETISHOFTHESUPPOSEDDIFFERENCES AS WEALTHYHUNTERSDO­!NYGUNGOOD SHOOTEMGOOD ®THATIS ANYGUNISA GOODONEIFYOUSHOOTITWELL )N­3AWBACKANDTHE3PORTING0ROPOSITION ®THE4EXCHARACTERTELLSHIS FRIEND3AWBACKABOUTA¹SHROUND UPBYABORIGINALPEOPLETHATHEWITNESSED AT,ONG,AKEINTHE#ARIBOOTHEWOMENMAKEHOLESANDSETNETSATONEEND OFTHELAKE WHICHHESAYSISFOURMILESLONGANDYARDSWIDETHENTHE MENGALLOPTHEIRHORSESONTOTHEICEATTHEOTHEREND ALLTHEWAYALONGTHE LAKE DRIVINGTHE¹SHINTOTHENETS WHICHHEADMIRESFORITSEF¹CIENCYBUT ALSOCALLS­UNSPORTIN° ®OFCOURSE)N­)T°S'OODTOBE!LIVE ®HEAPPROVESOF ABORIGINAL THRIFT REGARDING THE MEAT OF WILD ANIMALS AND IDENTI¹ES WITH THEIR PRACTICES ­WHEN IT COMES TO SALVAGIN° MEAT )°M A REG°LAR )NDIAN .OTHIN°BURNSMEUPLIKETHEEGGSWHODROPAPRIMEANIMAL AN°THENJUST SAWOFFENTHEHEAD AN°LEAVETHEMEATFORTHE#OYOTESAN°7OLVERINES®)N ­4HIS'UIDING'AME ®4EXAPPEALSTOABORIGINALPRACTICES BUTHISCLIENT %MILY#ARR %MILY#ARR +LEE7YCK4ORONTO0ENGUIN  ORIGINALLYPUBLISHEDINBYTHE 5NIVERSITYOF4ORONTO0RESS %MILY-URPHY %MILY-URPHY *ANEY#ANUCKINTHE7EST,ONDON#ASSELL  



ANUPPITYPROFESSOROFGEOLOGY ISNOTCONVINCED­4HEN)TRIEDTOTELLHIM THEDIFFERENCEBETWEENATEPEEANDATENT ANDEXPLAINEDTHATTHE)NDIANS HADBEENUSINGTHEMFORSOMECONSIDERABLETIME ANDTHATTHEYCOOKEDIN °EMANDEVERYTHING BUTITWASNOGO®(ISCHARACTERUSESTHEDEROGATORY TERM ­.ITCHIES® NOW ARCHAIC FOR )NDIANS
ONCE PROBABLY BECAUSE THAT WASTHESORTOFWORDAMOUNTAINMANMIGHTHAVEBEENEXPECTEDTOUSE THECONTEXTREVEALSNOPARTICULARDISRESPECTONTHECONTRARY 4EXISMAKING SARCASTICREMARKSABOUTTHEPROFESSOROFGEOLOGY  7HEN 4EX°S !NGLO #ANADIAN CHARACTERS DISTANCE THEMSELVES FROM )NDIANSOR­FOREIGN®PEOPLE PUSHINGTHEMTOTHEMARGINS WEMIGHTREAD THISANEXPRESSIONOF4EX°SOWNDESIRETO­PASS®ASAMANOFTHEPEOPLEAND AMANOFTHEMOUNTAINS TOEFFACEHISCLASSORIGINSANDHIS%NGLISHNESS !S$ANIEL#OLEMANHASARGUEDIN7HITE#IVILITY OTHER#ANADIANWRITERS FORPOPULARAUDIENCES¬MOSTNOTABLY2ALPH#ONNOR¬HADFEATURED%NGLISH CHARACTERSWHOLEARNEDTOBEMANLYONTHE#ANADIANFRONTIER BUTWHOWERE ALSOOBLIGEDTOMAKE­FOREIGNERS®UNDERSTANDHOWTOBEAREALMANIN#ANADA WHICHINCLUDESBEINGAGENTLEMANWHENTHECIRCUMSTANCESWARRANT4HIS FORM OF FRONTIER MANLINESS IS A FORM OF ­MUSCULAR #HRISTIANITY ® AND IT INVOLVESHAVINGPHYSICALSTRENGTHASWELLASSTRENGTHOFCHARACTER5PPER CLASS%NGLISHMENWERENOTTHOUGHTTOHAVEMUCHOFEITHER !SEARLYAS *37OODSWORTHHADARGUEDIN3TRANGERS7ITHIN/UR 'ATES THATTHEBEST%NGLISHIMMIGRANTSWEREWORKING CLASS ANDTHATEVEN THESEPEOPLEWEREINFERIORTOSTURDYPEASANTSTOCK4EXCLEARLYUNDERSTOOD THAT BEING AN UPPER CLASS %NGLISHMAN WAS NOT A GOOD THING IN 7ESTERN #ANADA)NORDERTOPASS ANDBECOMEA­REAL®#ANADIANOFHUMBLERORIGINS HEHADTOPUT­FOREIGNERS®INTHEIRPLACEINHISWRITINGANDATTENUATEHIS OWNFOREIGNNESS4EXCLEARLYDIDTHISINHISOWNLIFEBYAVOIDINGHISREAL NAME BY MEANS OF THE NICKNAME HE STARTED USING EARLY IN THE CENTURY BYHISMARRIAGETOAWORKING CLASS)RISHWOMANANDBYHIS7ESTERN STYLE CLOTHING -ANY OF HIS STORIES ALSO SEEM TO BE PART OF AN ACTIVE DESIRE TO ARTICULATE 7ESTERN AUTHENTICITY AND NATIVENESS IF NOT QUITE ­NATIVITY®  3EE7ILLIAM#2ICHARDSON ­.ITCHIES®IN 3EE7ILLIAM#2ICHARDSON ­.ITCHIES®IN.OTESAND1UERIESSERIES VOLTEE  AND )N­&IFTH!VENUE0ILGRIMS!MIDTHE'OATS ®4EXDESCRIBESHIMSELFINANEXCHANGEWITH )N­&IFTH!VENUE0ILGRIMS!MIDTHE'OATS ®4EXDESCRIBESHIMSELFINANEXCHANGEWITH ACUSTOMERASA­MOUNTAINMAN® 3EE$ANIEL#OLEMAN°SDISCUSSIONOFCIVILITYANDMASCULINITYIN 3EE$ANIEL#OLEMAN°SDISCUSSIONOFCIVILITYANDMASCULINITYIN7HITE#IVILITY4HE ,ITERARY0ROJECTOF%NGLISH#ANADA4ORONTO5NIVERSITYOF4ORONTO0RESS  «AND «



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BUT THEN IN MOST OF THEM HIS USE OF HIGH ºOWN VOCABULARY MOCK LOFTY ANDCLEVERLYTWISTEDCLICHmSSUGGESTSAMANOFLETTERSBEHINDITALL-AINLY HE WAS CONCERNED AS HIS GRANDSON *OHN 'OW PUT IT SEE !PPENDIX ! TODISTANCEHIMSELFFROMHIS%NGLISHORIGINS4HECLEARESTEFFORTSINTHIS DIRECTION ARE ­7ILLIAM 0REPARE MY "ARTH® AND ­7HAT°S IN A .AME® IN WHICHHEPOKESFUNATUPPER CLASS%NGLISHMEN 7HENITCOMESTOHITTINGTHETRAILSDELUX THOUGH ITTAKESAN%NGLISHMANTODOIT UPBROWN WITHBUTTERONBOTHSIDES)GOTMEABRACEOF7OODBINERSBEFORETHEWAR ANDTHEYBROUGHTEVERYTHINGEXCEPTTHEBRICKHOUSE4HEYHADACHESTOFSILVER AND AVALETTOSEETHATWEDIDN°TPINCHTHESPOONS AND¹LLTHEBATHTUB4HEIRTENTSWOULD HOLDAROUND UPCREWANDWEREASHEAVYASAGREENCOOK°SBANNOCK4HETENTSHAD TELESCOPEPOLES WITHWOODENHICKEYSTOSCREWONTOPOFTHEUPRIGHTS PAINTEDRED WHITE ANDBLUE4HATWASTOSHOWUSBALLY#OLONIALSWHEREWEGOTOFFAT4HEIRRIºES ASSAYEDTOTHETON ANDTHEREWASANYWAY WORTHOFTHEM

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4HERE IS MORE THAN A HINT OF 0' 7ODEHOUSE OR 7ALT +ELLY°S IMMORTAL CARTOON 0OGO IN HIS IRONIC USE OF MIXED HIGH ºOWN AND EVERYDAY OR BACKWOODSYDICTION4ODAY 4EX°SSLYCOMICSTYLELOOKSLIKEANATTEMPTTO CALLATTENTIONTOTHEVERYTHINGTHATHESOMETIMESTRIEDTOHIDETHEFACTTHAT HEDOESNOTBELONG ANDTHATTHISNON BELONGINGGIVESHIMSHARPINSIGHT ABOUTTHEWORLDAROUNDHIM ANDTHEPRIVILEGEDWORLDHECAMEFROM ¯3IWASH°ISATERMFORABORIGINALPEOPLEIN#HINOOKJARGON DERIVEDFROM&RENCH ¯3IWASH°ISATERMFORABORIGINALPEOPLEIN#HINOOKJARGON DERIVEDFROM&RENCHSAUVAGE 4HISWIDESPREADRACISTINSULTWASSTILLUSEDBYRANCHERSINTHE"#INTERIORWITHINLIVING MEMORYTOREFERTOALLABORIGINALPEOPLE3EE­"ILL#ASSELMAN°S#ANADIAN7ORDOFTHE$AY® HTTPWWWBILLCASSELMANCOMCWOD?ARCHIVESIWASH?UPDATEDHTM ACCESSED*UNE  +INGS AND*EREMIAH +INGS AND*EREMIAH



4EX HIMSELF DID NOT LIVE CONVENTIONALLY IN AN URBAN SETTING WITH AN OCCASIONAL FORAY INTO THE MOUNTAINS FOR SPORT AS THE CASUAL READER OF HISPIECEINTHE#ANADIAN!LPINE*OURNALMIGHTHAVEASSUMED(EWASA WORKINGMANWHOSTARTEDOUTASAHORSE WRANGLER ANDWASAFTERWARDSAN OUT¹TTER AGUIDE APARKRANGER ANDARANCHER(EMARRIEDACROSSCLASSAND RELIGIOUSLINES*OAN2AILLOR2EAL OR2EILLY OREVEN/°2EILLY DEPENDING ON THE DOCUMENT AN )RISH #ATHOLIC CHAMBERMAID FROM THE DISTRICT OF !NNASCAUL #OUNTY+ERRY THEDAUGHTEROFA¹SHERMAN WHOWASWORKING ATTHE"ANFF3PRINGS(OTELWHENTHEYMET ANDTHENMARRIEDIN(E TOLDHERAFTERTHEYWEREMARRIEDTHATHEHAD­ONLYTWOREQUIREMENTSTEA AT  AND LUNCH AT ® (E MIGHT HAVE LEARNED TO READ AND CITE 3CRIPTURE AS PART OF A CONVENTIONAL #HURCH OF %NGLAND CHILDHOOD AND HEMIGHTHAVETAKEN­ELEVENSES®EVERYDAY BUTHECHOSEAVERYDIFFERENT WORLDTOLIVEANDWORKIN)NACERTAINSENSE 4EXSTRADDLEDTHEPRIVILEGED WORLDOFHISCHILDHOODANDTHEWORLDOFHARDWORKANDSOCIALANDRELIGIOUS INFERIORITY AS HIS ASSOCIATIONS WOULD HAVE BEEN SEEN AT THE TIME  (E GOES OUT OF HIS WAY IN ONE STORY TO DISTINGUISH HIMSELF AND HIS FRIENDS WADDIES PROLETARIAT COMMONERS FROMTHEARISTOCRATICOWNEROFONELODGE WHOREFUSEDTOALLOWHUNTINGINTHEAREAHEHADLEASED­$RIED3PINACHOR -OOSE3TEAK® ANDIN­4HE,AST'REAT"UFFALO$RIVE®HEREFERSTOHIMSELF ANDHISFRIENDS ACTINGASEXTRASINA7ESTERN AS­USPOORBENIGHTEDHILL BILLIES® &OR4EXINMOSTOFHISSTORIES APROPERMOUNTAINMANGETSDIRTYANDDOES NOTWORRYOVERLYABOUTCOMFORT(EDOESNOTNEEDTOENGAGEINTHISBEHAVIOUR ANYWHEREELSEITMIGHTBEALRIGHTTOBEADANDYIN.EW9ORKOR,ONDON BUTTOBEASUCCESSFULLYMASCULINEMANANDHUNTERINTHEMOUNTAINS ONE MUST ACCORDINGTO4EX FORGETABOUTHYGIENEANDAPPEARANCE4HESEISSUES ARE CENTRAL TO ­7ILLIAM 0REPARE MY "ARTH ® ­7HAT°S IN A .AME ® AND ­0IPESTONE,ETTER.O®4HE%NGLISHGENTSINTHE¹RSTTWOFAILTOATTAIN PROPERMOUNTAINMASCULINITY BECAUSETHEYCONTINUETOINSISTONBATHING SHAVING AND CAREFUL DRESSING IN THE MORNING THUS CUTTING DEEPLY INTO HUNTING TIME BYCONTRAST THEWELL DRESSED CLUBMANWHO ARRIVESATTHE STATION IN THE LATTER STORY SUCCESSFULLY MAKES THE TRANSITION WITH 4EX°S NONE TOO GENTLE HELP TO PROPER MOUNTAIN MASCULINITY BECOMING BOTH DIRTYANDASUCCESSFULHUNTER 4EX°SOWNBODY REPEATEDLYCHARACTERIZEDASVERYSLIGHT­.OBODY°SEVER !CCORDINGTO#HRISTINA6ERNON 7OOD INAPRIVATECOMMUNICATIONWITH!'IN !CCORDINGTO#HRISTINA6ERNON 7OOD INAPRIVATECOMMUNICATIONWITH!'IN



COMPLIMENTEDMEONMY¹GGERINFACK )GOTTOSTANDTWICEINTHESAME PLACEBEFORE)THROWASHADER¤® ¬NOTIDEALLYMASCULINE THEREFORE¬PLAYS AROLEINTHISDRAMA$UETOHISSLENDERBUILD HISABILITYASAMOUNTAIN MAN AND THUS HIS ­MOUNTAIN MASCULINITY ® IS QUESTIONED BY CLIENTS ON AT LEAST TWO OCCASIONS IN ­&IFTH !VENUE 0ILGRIMS !MID THE 'OATS® AND IN ­0IPESTONE ,ETTERS .O ® *UST AS THE ­MUSCULAR #HRISTIAN® TEACHES FOREIGNERS IN #ANADA HOW TO BEHAVE THEMSELVES BY BEATING THEM AT ¹STICUFFS AND THEN LECTURING THEM ABOUT PROPER BEHAVIOUR SO 4EX°S ­MOUNTAINMASCULINITY®WILLSHOWTHATHEISTHEREALMANWHOHASATHING ORTWOTOTEACHTHEOVER CIVILIZEDCLIENTSABOUTMANLINESS(EISVINDICATED ONBOTHCOUNTSINTHEFORMERBECAUSETHEQUESTIONERHIMSELFTURNSOUTTO BEEFFEMINATEANDDAINTY ANDTHUSCAPABLENEITHEROFGETTINGDIRTYNOROF BEINGAGOODHUNTERANDINTHESECOND BECAUSE4EXSUCCESSFULLYHELPSHIS CLIENT TO ATTAIN MOUNTAIN MASCULINITY HIMSELF )N BOTH CASES IT IS MADE CLEARTHAT4EX°SPHYSICALPROWESSISUPTOANYTHINGTHESETWOMENCANDISH OUT ANDTHENSOME(ERE4EXISWRITINGBACKTOHISCLIENTS WHODOUBTHIS SKILLS ANDTHEREFOREHISMASCULINITY)T°SONEOFTHERARETIMESINMOUNTAIN LITERATUREWHENTHEGUIDEGETSTOHAVEHISSAY /NE CRACK APPEARS IN THIS SYSTEM WHEN THE (ONOURABLE &ITZWILLIAM 3MYTHE 3MYTHEMANAGESTOKILLATROPHYMOOSEWITHOUTGETTINGABITDIRTYOR BREAKINGASWEAT IN­7HAT°SINA.AME®ONEOF4EX°SLASTPIECES&EBRUARY   &URTHERMORE ANOTHER CODE OF SPORTSMANSHIP MAKES A CAMEO APPEARANCEINTHISSTORY4HE(ON&ITZSHOUTSBEFORESHOOTINGHISMOOSE TOSTARTLEIT¬BECAUSEITISUNSPORTINGTOSHOOTA¯SITTING°ANIMALUNAWARES ANDUNWISETODROPITINTHEWATERWHEREITWASSTANDINGINANYCASE  4HE IMPERIAL GAZE OF THIS GENTLEMAN GONE NATIVE MUST THEREFORE BE IMAGINED AS A FRACTURED ONE ON THE ONE HAND HE CONDESCENDS TO HIS CHARACTERSINCLUDINGHISOWNAUTHORIALPERSONA 4EX DELIBERATELYHAVING )N­.AVIGATINFOR.AMAYCUSH® )N­.AVIGATINFOR.AMAYCUSH® 3EE4INA,OO°SANALYSISOFTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENGUIDESANDBIG GAMEHUNTERSIN 3EE4INA,OO°SANALYSISOFTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENGUIDESANDBIG GAMEHUNTERSIN ­/F-OOSEAND-EN(UNTINGFOR-ASCULINITIESIN"RITISH#OLUMBIA «®4HE 7ESTERN(ISTORICAL1UARTERLY 6OL .O!UTUMN  PP«,OOPOINTS OUTTHATHUNTERSOFTENMOCKEDGUIDESINTHEIRARTICLESFOR2ODAND'UNAND&IELDAND 3TREAM BUTTHATGUIDESNEVERHADACHANCETOTALKBACK3EEALSO!LEC,UCAS°ARTICLEABOUT NATUREWRITINGANDANIMALSTORIESIN#ARL&+LINCKETAL EDS ,ITERARY(ISTORYOF#ANADA #ANADIAN,ITERATUREIN%NGLISH4ORONTO5NIVERSITYOF4ORONTO0RESS  PP« FORADETAILEDLOOKATTHEGENREOFSPORTINGBOOKS,UCASNOTESTHATTHEEMPHASISINTHESE SPORTINGBOOKSISON­THEPLEASURESOFGOODFELLOWSHIPANDLIFEINTHEOPENAIR® FROM THEPERSPECTIVEOFSPORTSMEN NOTOFGUIDES



THEMMAKEALLTHEMISTAKESHISMORE EDUCATEDAUDIENCEWOULDRECOGNIZE ANDWHICHWOULDTHENHAVESEEMEDTOBECHARACTERISTICOFSUCH­TYPES® DANGLING PREPOSITIONS FAULTY GRAMMAR G°S DROPPED FROM THE ENDS OF WORDS SLANG ­CUSSIN °°ANDSOFORTH7HENHEISADDRESSEDAS4EXBYOTHER CHARACTERSINTHESTORYANDISFUNCTIONINGASNARRATOROFEVENTS 6ERNON 7OODHIMSELFPUTSONAVIRTUOSOLINGUISTICPERFORMANCE SENDINGUPHOKEY DICTION IN EVERY SENTENCE IN A STYLE REMINISCENT OF 7ODEHOUSE°S "ERTIE 7OOSTEROR0SMITH )N THE END 4EX WAS NO 'REY /WL NOR WAS HE ANYTHING LIKE A COLONIAL ADMINISTRATOR A CONVENTIONAL EXPATRIATE OR REMITTANCE MAN (E WAS A WORKING MAN RAN A SMALL BUSINESS AND WAS AN ENVIRONMENTALIST TO THE EXTENTTHATITSQUAREDWITHHISLIVINGGUIDINGANDHUNTING)N­)T°S'OODTO BE!LIVE ®4EXSTRIKESANOTEOFPRAGMATICFRUGALITY4ODAY WEMIGHTSEETHIS ASENVIRONMENTALIST 4HERE°S A HEAP OF AWFUL GOOD CHEWIN° ON A %LK AN° WHEN IT COMES TO SALVAGIN° MEAT )°MAREG°LAR)NDIAN.OTHIN°BURNSMEUPLIKETHEEGGSWHODROPAPRIME ANIMAL AN°THENJUSTSAWOFFENTHEHEAD AN°LEAVETHEMEATFORTHE#OYOTESAN° 7OLVERINES

REPEATSTHESAMEIDEAIN­$RIED3PINACHOR-OOSE3TEAK® 7HILE)°MINLINEWITHAREASONABLEAMOUNTOFCONSERVATION ANDEADAGINKILLINJUST TOSEEABEASTFALLOVER )°MALSOONEOFTHEOLDREACTIONARIESWHOSTILL¹GGERTHATGAME WASPUTINTHEMOUNTAINSTOPROVIDEHUNTINFORMEN ANMEBBETHEODDWOMAN

!ND WHAT OF WOMEN IN THE WILDERNESS 7HAT DID 4EX MAKE OF THEM )N ­3AWBACK #HANGES (IS -IND ® 4EX RELATES A SUCCESSFUL HUNTING TRIP WITHTHENEWWIFEOFALONG TIMECLIENT THE$OC4HEIRINITIALFEARTHATHER PRESENCEWILLRUINAHAPPYHUNTINGTRIPPROVESGROUNDLESSASSHETURNSOUT TOBE­REG°LAR ®BOTHTO4EXANDTOHISGRIZZLEDWRANGLER3AWBACK¬MEANING THEYACCEPTEDHERASONEOFTHEMBECAUSESHEWASAGOODSPORTANDAGOOD HUNTER%VENINALESSGENEROUSVERSIONOFTHISSTORY ­)T°SA7OMAN°S7ORLD ® THE$OC°SWIFEISCARICATUREDASANOUTDOORS SHY¯LITTLEWOMAN°WITHSCADS OFLUGGAGE BUTSHEMAKESTHREEMAGNI¹CENTKILLSWITHOUTLEAVINGCAMP WHILE4EXANDHERHUSBAND AREHIKINGUPANDDOWNMOUNTAINSWITHOUT SUCCESS )N ­4EX 'ENTLEMAN°S 'ENTLEMAN ® HE MAKES FUN OF DANDIES COMPARINGTHEMUNFAVOURABLYTOFEMALECLIENTS )NSTEADOFSPLASHIN°THROUGHTHECRICK WHICHISALLOFFOURINCHESDEEP HEWANDERS UPDOWNTHEBANKLOOKIN°FORALOGTOCROSSON7HENHEFOUNDONE HEGOTHALFWAY ACROSSAN°FELLOFF(ISMACKINAWBRITCHESAREALLOFAHALFINCHTHICK BUTTHERE°SA



Camp in winter wmcr: v255 / pd 19

CUPFULOFWATERSPLASHEDON°EM SOHERETURNSTOCAMPTOBREAKOUTANOTHERPAIR AN°THAT¹NISHESTHATHUNT!N°)°VEGUIDEDFEMALEWOMENWHO°VEJUMPEDINTOA GLACIER FEDCRICKUPTOTHEIRSHIRTPOCKETSTOBRINGATROUTTONET


)N ­4HIS 'UIDING 'AME ® A REºECTION ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLIENTS WEREAD )T°S FUNNY ABOUT THE WOMEN .INE OUT OF TEN MEN ASK ¯)SN°T THIS TRAIL THING TOO STRENUOUSANDROUGHFORLADIES°)DON°TKNOWIFIT°SJUSTLUCK BUTANYWOMEN)HAVE HADTODOWITH¹TTEDINLIKEACARTRIDGEINARIºE)¹GURETHATIFAWOMANDON°TLIKE THEOUTDOORSSHENEVERGETSFARENOUGHTOGETHERE4HEONESTHATDO KNOWTHEYARE GOINGTOLIKEIT ANDTHAT°SHALFTHEBATTLE

4HERESTOFTHATSTORYISABOUTATRIPWITHAWOMANANDHERFOURDAUGHTERS AFTERTHEFATHEROFTHEFAMILYGOESBACKTOTOWN AND4EX°SADMIRATIONFORALL OFTHEMCOMESTHROUGHLOUDANDCLEAR ESPECIALLYFORTHEELDESTDAUGHTER WHO OUT SHOT HIM HUNTING IN THE MOUNTAINS !N ECHO OF THIS OPINION APPEARSINTHEINTERVIEWWITH-ARYALICE3TEWART WHEN4EXSAIDOF -ARY7ALCOTT°SDAUGHTER­SHEWASASGOODASANYMAN)EVERKNEWWHEN IT CAME TO SCRAMBLING AROUND IN THE HILLS® 4EX WAS NO MISOGYNIST AS THESE STORIES AND OTHER REMARKS ABOUT HIM CF HIS ¹RST ENCOUNTER WITH -ARY 6AUX 7ALCOTT ABOVE SUGGEST HE FELT WOMEN WHO COULD HUNT AND CLIMBAND¹SHHADEVERYRIGHTANDREASONTODOSO ANDTHATWASNOTEXACTLY CONVENTIONAL 4HEREISLITTLEABOUTRELIGIONINTHESESTORIES4EXWASNOCHURCH GOER (OWEVER HE REPEATEDLY WHEN TIRED OR FRUSTRATED DUE TO BAD LUCK OR BAD WEATHER REGRETS THAT HE DID NOT BECOME A MINISTER INSTEAD OF A GUIDE¬ THOUGHTHISISCLEARLYNOTBECAUSEOFAHIGHOPINIONOFTHEMINISTRY WHOSE SEDENTARY AND SPIRITUAL PURSUITS PREVENTED THEM FROM LIVING UP TO 4EX°S STANDARDSOFMOUNTAINMASCULINITY)N­5S7INTER3PORTS ®HEMAKESLIGHT FUNOFTHE-ETHODIST#HURCHIN"ANFFANDOFITSMINISTER DUBBED­2EV (ACKLEBERRY ® WHO DID NOT PREDICT WINTER SPORTS IN THE AFTERLIFE FOR 4EX ANDHISFRIENDS9ETIN­4HE'UIDE+NOWS%VERYTHING ®APRIESTGETSTOP BILLING &ATHER -ORIARTY WHO RAN THE "ANKHEAD -ISSION WAS AN EXPERT ºY ¹SHERMAN ANDTHUSFUL¹LSAPRIMARYREQUISITEOFMOUNTAINMASCULINITY NAMELY HUNTING OR ¹SHING PROWESS 4HE TENDER TONE DEMONSTRATES THAT MOUNTAIN MASCULINITY DID NOT HAVE TO BE ABOUT ¹LTH AND BLOOD ALONE FRIENDSHIPANDETHICALQUALITIESANDPRACTICESWEREALSOIMPORTANT

4APEDINTERVIEW 3!  4APEDINTERVIEW 3! 



On the trail, 1924 wmcr: v255 / 6068

)GOTSO)INVENTEDJOBSOVERTO"ANKHEADONTHEOFFCHANCEOFRUNNIN°INTO&ATHER -ORIARTYAN°PERSUADIN°HIMTOPLAYHOOKEY)°VESEENHIMCATCHTROUTWHERETHERE WASN°TANY AN°)NEVERSEENHIMLIFTMORE°NTWOOUTOFTHEWATERINANYONEDAY (E°DBRING°EMTOTHESHALLOWS SLIPHIS¹NGERSDOWNTHELINEAN°TAKIN°CAREHIS HANDWASWET SLIPOUTHISHOOKGENTLEASAWOMAN­4HEREYOUARE ®HE°DSAY­"ACK TOYOURPETEDDY AN°MEDITATEONTHESINOFGLUTTONY AN°NEXTTIME DON°TMISTAKE THESHADOWFORTHESUBSTANCE 4HEYBURIEDTHE&ATHERLASTFALL&ROMTHECEMETERYHERE YOUCANHEARTHE"OW &ALLSROARIN°LOUDAN°DEEPINTHESPRING AN°SORTOFMUSICALTHERESTOFTHETIME SO HISBODYISRIGHTHANDYTOGOODTROUTWATER AN°)°LLBETYOUFOUR¹TSTHATHISSPIRITIS HAVIN°ONEWHALEOFATIMEWITHTHEMOTHERSPORTSMEN THE'ALILEE¹SHERMEN )KE 7ALTON AN°'REYOF&ALLODEN®

(EREAGAIN 4EXTAKESUPTHEIDEASOF­MUSCULAR#HRISTIANITY®OFTHELATE NINETEENTHANDEARLYTWENTIETHCENTURIES WHICHHELDTHAT'ODHADMADE MENPHYSICALLYSTRONGINORDERTOBRINGSOCIALEQUALITYANDJUSTICETOALL 4EX°SAPPROVALOFRELIGIONTHATDOVETAILEDWITHOUTDOORSKILLSANDHISGENTLE CONTEMPTFORANYONEWHODIDNOTTHINKTHATPHYSICALPURSUITSANDSPORTING ACTIVITIESINTHEGREATOUTDOORSWERETHEBESTPURSUITSOFALLISPARTOFALONG STORYABOUTTHENEEDFORSTRONG MASCULINE%NGLISHMENTOWORKHARDON THEFRONTIERSOFTHE"RITISH%MPIRE 4EXDIDNOT¹TNEATLYINTOOURCATEGORIES¬HESIMULTANEOUSLYINHABITED DIFFERENT WORLDS THAT WERE AT THE TIME MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE AT LEAST BY CONVENTIONPERHAPSHEWASABLETODOSOBECAUSEFRONTIERCOLONIALSITUATIONS WERESOMETIMESINHABITABLEBYPEOPLEWHODIDNOT¹TINTOCONVENTIONALCLASS ANDGENDERROLESINMAINSTREAMSOCIETYINTHE¹RSTHALFOFTHETWENTIETH CENTURY(EHADDE¹NITEIDEASABOUTPROPERSPORTSMANSHIPANDITSPROPER ARTICULATION IN NATURE AND WITH NATURE PARTICULARLY IN THE MOUNTAINS 4HESE IDEAS HAD SOMETHING OF "ADEN 0OWELL°S SCOUTING ETHOS IN THEM AND SOMETHING OF TRADITIONAL "RITISH COUNTRY SPORTSMANSHIP BUT THEY AREOFFURTHERINTERESTBECAUSETHEYWEREELASTICENOUGHTOACCOMMODATE WOMEN¬ESPECIALLYTHE­.EW7OMAN®OFTHEEARLYPARTOFTHECENTURYWHO DIDNOTMINDBEINGOUTDOORSANDWHO INTHESPIRITOF-ARY6AUXANDHER FRIEND THE 2OCKY -OUNTAINS TRAVELLER AND EXPLORER -ARY3CHiFFER DIDN°T MINDROUGHINGITINTHEPROCESSWITH"RITISH BORNGUIDESTOHELPTHEM 4EX°S BELIEFS ABOUT WOMEN THEREFORE WERE NOT MERELY AD HOC BUT PROGRAMMATIC HELD ON PRINCIPLE )T MIGHT BE OBJECTED THAT 4EX SIMPLY REQUIRED A WOMAN TO ­ACT LIKE A MAN® IN ORDER TO ACCEPT HER BUT THERE 3EE#OLEMAN «



WAS MORE TO HIS IDEAL THAN THAT MANY MEN INCLUDING ACCOMPLISHED ATHLETESANDANYONEWHOJUSTSTUCKAROUNDTOWNIN"ANFFANDMISSEDOUT ONEXPERIENCING­THEOUTDOORS ®FELLSHORTOFTHEMARK(EWASHIMSELFA SLENDER BOOKISH LOOKING FELLOW WHO WORE LITTLE WIRE RIMMED SPECTACLES AND THUS BY HIS OWN ADMISSION WAS NO LUMBERJACKISH HEAVYWEIGHT !DMISSIONTOTHEINNERCIRCLEDEPENDEDMOREONSPORTSMANSHIP FAIRPLAY RESPECT FOR ANIMALS LACK OF PRETENSION A WILLINGNESS TO SWEAT GET HOT WET TIRED ANDDIRTY ANDATASTEFORHUNTINGOR¹SHING THANONAPERSON°S SEX OR PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS¬AN INTRIGUING MIX OF GENTEEL /LD 7ORLD SPORTSMANSHIPANDVIGOROUS.EW7ORLDEGALITARIANISM !DVENTURER GUIDE FORMER "RITISH GENTLEMAN TURNED OUTDOORS WRITER .ELLO ­4EX® 6ERNON 7OOD ISN°T ­#AN,IT® BY A LONG SHOT 7HY READ THESE STORIES THEN 4HE ANSWER FOR US IS THAT 4EX LIVED DURING A PIVOTAL TIME IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE #ANADIAN 2OCKIES FROM ROUGH WILDERNESS TO NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM AND HIS WRITING SHOWS US WHAT A CERTAIN KIND OF MASCULINITY¬INVENTEDFORHISLIFEINTHEMOUNTAINSANDFORHISREADERS¬ LOOKED LIKE 4EX°S VERSION OF HOW A MAN SHOULD LIVE AND WORK IN THE OUTDOORSHASVANISHEDALONGWITHTHEGUIDEDHUNTINGAND¹SHINGINDUSTRY THAT HE HELPED TO FOSTER BUT THE LURE OF THE MOUNTAINS AND THE MYTH OF THE #ANADIAN 7EST AS THE PLACE WHERE IDENTITY CAN BE REMADE IS STILL A POWERFULONEFORTHETOURISTSANDADVENTURERSWHOVISITTHENATIONALPARKS 4EX6ERNON 7OODWASTHEREBEFOREUS ANDHISWRITINGHASMUCHTOTELLUS ABOUTWHATITWASLIKETOMAKEALIVINGINTHEGREATOUTDOORS ANDWHATKIND OFMANHEBECAMEINORDERTODOIT 



7dZh[m=em @kb_[HWa %DMONTON .OVEMBER 



one Fifth Avenue Pilgrims Amid the Goats This account, written as a letter from “Tex” to a friend, draws a clear line between real hunters and outdoorsmen who might smoke and be thin as a rail, but who can walk up and down mountains all day, and university graduates from fancy schools with degrees and athletic achievements but no sense of outdoorsmanship. Authenticity, class, education, masculinity, and bodies all matter very much here. Tex strongly identified himself as the former, and clearly found the poseurs he sometimes had to guide very tedious. One gets the sense that he was sometimes treated rather cavalierly by customers because he was a working man for hire, and not “one of them.” Rather than complain about it, he found a way to make them look as foolish as they were—in stories such as this one. A young Ivy Leaguer eager for a chance to shoot a grizzly declines, when they finally find one, because he would have to cross a stream and get his feet wet, which he refuses to do. The story ends with Tex contemplating how he might even prefer the effete and pointless work (at least for a mountain man) of driving a bus to guiding this sort of customer. The question of authenticity is addressed clearly here: a man who can hunt and take care of himself in the mountains is a real man. People with money and fancy degrees from fancy schools start this game at a disadvantage. Supposed athletic prowess also knocks points off. Mockery directed at a guide with a thin body (of which he even makes fun himself) only makes the mocker look silly. The hunter’s refusal even to cross a stream and get wet is the final nail in the coffin of his masculinity—the guide retreats in disgust. This is an odd mixture of machismo and a kind of anti-establishment counterculture sensibility, characteristic of the place betwixt and between inhabited by Tex. —AG and JR





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!LETTERFROMADISILLUSIONEDGUIDE By N. Vernon-Wood A=N"NEAJ@ )PROMISEDYOUWHENYOUWEREUPHERE¹SHINGLASTSUMMERTHAT)WOULDLET YOUKNOWHOWWECAMEOUTWITHTHEHUNTINGTHISFALL 7ELL WEHADQUITESOMEHUNT/URTHREEPILGRIMSWEREALLFROM.EW 9ORK AND WHEN WE MET THEM AT ,AKE ,OUISE TO PULL FOR THE HUNTING COUNTRYONTHE3ASKATCHEWAN2IVER THEYLOOKEDJUSTABOUTTHEUSUALRUN OFTHEMILL4WOMIDDLE AGEDBIRDSANDAYOUNGFELLER4HEKING PINOFTHE BUNCHWASALARGEMANNAMEOF&OGG4HEOTHERELDERLYMANWASSORTOF QUIETANDDIDN°TSEEMANYTOOHUSKY ANDTHEYOUNGBUCKWAS*OHN*ULIUS /°4OOLE JUSTOUTOF9ALEOR(ARVARDORSOMEONEOFTHOSESEATSOFLEARNING $OWN%AST )HADSTARTED&RANKAHEADWITHTHEPACKTRAIN TOMAKECAMPASFARUP THE"OWASWECOULDMAKETHATDAY SOASSOONAS)HADPACKEDOURPILGRIMS° WARBAGSANDRIºESWEHITOUTUPTHETRAIL4HEREWASN°TMUCHCONVERSING DONE JUST THE USUAL LINE ABOUT ­(OW FAR IS IT TO CAMP® AND ­7HAT ARE THEPROSPECTSFORAGRIZZLY®*OHN*ULIUSWASJUSTBUSTINGTOTANGLEWITHA GRIZZLY9OUKNOWHOWITISTHE¹RSTDAYORSO THEPILGRIMSARESORTOFSIZING UPUSFELLERS ANDWEARENOTMISSINGANYTHINGTHATWILLGIVEUSALINEONTHE FOLKSTHATWEHAVETOGUIDE COUNCIL ANDHERDFORTHENEXTMONTHORSO



7ECAUGHTUPWITHTHEBOYSALONGABOUTFOURO°CLOCK ANDASSOONASWEHAD OURSELVESSORTOFORGANIZED THEPOTWRANGLERHOLLERED ­#OMEANDGETIT® 4HENWEDIDWHATWASTODO TOMAKECAMPSNUGFORTHENIGHT ANDLAY AROUNDTHECAMP¹RE SORTOFGETTINGTHEFEELOFEACHOTHER 3UDDENLY *OHN*ULIUSPOINTEDHIS¹NGERATME LIKEITWASAGUN AND SAID ­7OOD YOUSMOKE® ­3HURE)SMOKE ®)SAID ­9OUSMOKECONTINUALLY ­5H UH ®)REPLIED ­7ELL YOUCAN°TSMOKELIKEYOUDO ANDCLIMB® ­-AYBE)CAN°T BUT)NEVERSEENTHEPILGRIMYET)CAN°TKEEPTWOJUMPS AHEADOF ®)COMEBACK)T°SKINDOFONEOFTHETHINGSYOUDON°TDO TELLING AMOUNTAINMANHECAN°TCLIMB ESPECIALLYBEFOREYOUHAVEBEENOUTWITH HIMBUTIFYOULEARNANYTHINGINTHISGUIDINGGAME IT°STHEGIFTOFPATIENCE WITHYOURFELLOWMAN -R&OGGSAYS ­9OUMENWILLHAVETOLOOKOUTFOR*OHN WHENYOUHUNT WITHHIM(EISANATHALETE ANDHASGOTMEDALSFORTHETRACKANDSWIMMING ANDTHROWINGTHESKILLET ®ORWORDSTOTHATEFFECT 7HENWEGUIDESGOTINTOOURTEPEETHATNIGHTWEDIDSOMEMILDARGUING ASTOWHICHOFUSWEREGOINGTOHUNTWITH*OHN ANDWHICHWITHTHEOTHERS *OHNLOOKEDGOODTOALLOFUS ANDWEALLWANTEDHIM9OUKNOWHOWITIS EACHOFUSWANTEDTOBETHEBIRDTHATGOTTHEMOSTGAME7ELL TOMAKEITALL ACCORDINGTO(OYLE WEDREWFORTHEM AND&RANKGOT*OHN *IMGETS&OGG ANDME WITHMYUSUALLUCK GETSTHELITTLEOLDFELLOW WHOSENAME)¹ND OUTIS"OYLE4OMYMINDHE°STHECULLOFTHEHERD 7EGOTOUTOFTHEPARKANDINTOGOATCOUNTRYONTHETHIRDDAYOUT AND GOTALLSETTOGIVETHEOLDBILLIESAGOINGOVERTHENEXTMORNING&RANKTOOK A NICE LOOKING DRAW EAST OF CAMP AND ) PICKED A LONG GRASSY SLOPE THAT WASEASYCLIMBING MOREWITHTHENOTIONOFEXERCISINGMYMANTHANWITH GETTINGANYGAME)ALWAYSLIKETOSORTOFBREAKTHEMINBEFORE)STARTTODO ANYREALHUNTING)DON°TCAREHOWGOODSHAPEAMANKEEPSHIMSELFININ THECITY  FEETALTITUDEANDUSINGNEWMUSCLESTAKESTHESTARCHOUT FORADAYORTWO UNTILYOUSORTOFGETCLIMATED (OWEVER AFTERPOKINGALONG ONWARDANDUPWARD FORTWOTHREEHOURS DARNED IF WE DIDN°T SPOT A BUNCH OF GOAT SUNNING THEMSELVES ON SOME LEDGES ABOUTHALFAMILEOFF4HEREWASASTEEPSHALESLIDEBEHINDTHEM WHICHRANUPTOACLIFFTHATWASPRETTYSTRAIGHTUPANDDOWN ANDWEWERE LUCKYTOHAVETHEWINDONTHEM4HEREWASADRYWASHTHATRANUPTOTHE 

CLIFF WHERETHESNOWWATERHADRUNOFFINTHESPRING ANDWECOULDKEEP OUTOFSIGHTINTHATUNTILWEWERECLOSE4HEGOATWEREPLUMBUNSUSPECTING AND)¹GUREDEVERYTHINGWASABOUTASIF)HADORDEREDIT 7ETOOKLOTSOFTIME ANDWHENWE¹NALLYPOKEDOURNOSESOVERTHEEDGE OF THE WASHWE WEREIN A GOOD POSITION TO START THE MASSACRE )HAD-R "OYLERESTHIMUPABIT SOTHATTHEOLDHEARTWASN°TPUMPINGSOHARDTHAT THEMUZZLEOFHISRIºEMADECIRCLES PICKEDOUTAGOOD LOOKINGHEAD AND GIVETHEWORDTOPLASTERHIM!TTHERANGEWEWERE ITSHOULDHAVEBEENPIE BUTASTHEGUYONCESAID ­7HATALOTOFCOUNTRYTHEREISOVERANDUNDERAND ONBOTHSIDESOFAGOAT®/NEGOODTHINGABOUTGOAT THEYFANCYTHEMSELVES AHEAP ANDSHUREBELIEVEIT°SNOSIGNOFAGENTLEMANTOBEINAHURRY4HEY WILLMOVEOFFVERYDELIBERATEASAGENERALTHING !FTERTHEOLDBOYHADTAKENACOUPLEOFSIGHTINGSHOTS ANDPUTANOTHER DOWNTHEFOULLINE HEHITTHEBILLYALITTLELOW BUTENOUGHTOMAKEHIM SICK!LLTHISTIMETHEBUNCHWEREWALKINGUPTHESHALE LOOMINGUPLIKEA LIGHTHOUSEINAFOG&INALLY MYMANDROPPEDENOUGHLEADINTOTHEGOATTO MAKEHIMSOPLUMBHEAVYTHATHECOULDN°TCLIMBANYMORE SOHEROLLEDOVER ANDCALLEDITADAY(EHADANICEHEAD TOO AND)SKINNEDHIMOUT MADE APACKOFTHEHEADANDSCALP WITHTHELIVERFORBREAKFAST ANDWESTARTED DOWN FEELINGPRETTYSTUCKONOURSELVES-E BECAUSE)HADN°TEXPECTEDTO GETANYTHINGTHATDAY ONLY)DIDN°TTELL"OYLETHAT 7EGOTINTOCAMP¹RST ANDAFTERTHECOOKHAD¹LLEDUSUPWITHHONEST TO 'ODTRAILTEA WELAYAROUNDWAITINGFORTHERESTTOCOMEIN SOWECOULD STARTLYINGABOUTTHELONGSHOTSWEHADMADE ANDTHESTRAIGHT UPCLIMBING WEHADDONE !FTERAWHILEALONGCOMES&RANKWITH*OHN*ULIUS AND*OHNISALLHEHAD WITH HIM EXCEPT A FAIR SIZED GROUCH 4HEN *IM COMES IN ALSO TRAVELING LIGHT&RANKHADSEENGAMEBUTCOULDN°TGETASHOT HESAID AND*IMHADN°T SEENANYTHINGBUTTRACKS 7HENWEGOTINTOOURTEPEETHATEVENING &RANKOPENEDUP ANDTOHEAR HIMTELLIT*OHNWOULDN°TEVERGETANYMEDALSFORHUNTING&RANKTOLDME THATIF)WANTED*OHN)COULDSHUREHAVEHIM)SORTOF¹GUREDTHAT*OHNHAD RUBBED&RANKAGAINSTTHEFUR ANDTHATNOMANCOULDBEQUITEASUSELESSAS HEMADEOUT*OHNWAS SO)TRADEDPILGRIMS .OW IT WAS MY NOTION TO LAY IN THIS CAMP FOR A FEW DAYS SO THAT THE BUNCHCOULDCLIMBAROUNDANDRAZZTHEGOAT ANDTHISWOULDPUTTHEMIN GOODSHAPEFORWHENWEGOTINTOTHESHEEPCOUNTRY!NYONETHATCANPUT ONEFOOTINFRONTOFTHEOTHERFORAFEWHOURS ANDSHOOTREASONABLYSTRAIGHT 


CAN GET HIM A GOAT IN THIS MAN°S COUNTRY BUT THE BIGHORN IS A DIFFERENT BREEDOFCAT(EISNOMAN°SFOOL ANDWHENYOUHAVEACCUMULATEDYOUA GOODSHEEPHEAD YOUCANSWELLOUTYOURCHESTANDTELLTHEWORLDTHATYOU HAVEDONESOMEREALHUNTING&ORTHISREASON)LIKETOBLOODMYPILGRIMSON THEGOATBEFORE)HUNTSHEEPWITHTHEM4HENYOUHAVEGOT°EMWHERETHEY WILLSTAYWITHYOUALLDAY ANDSHOOTWHENTHETIMECOMES/VIS#ANADENSIS DOESN°TWAITAROUNDTOSEEWHATYOUAREGOINGTODOABOUTIT ANDIFYOUDON°T CONNECTWITHHIMRIGHTSMART HEGOESFROMHERETOTHEREAWFULPRONTO 7HENWEGOTUPNEXTMORNING THOUGH OURPILGRIMSHADHADAPOWWOW OFTHEIROWN ANDWANTEDTOBREAKCAMPANDHITFORTHESHEEPCOUNTRYRIGHT AWAY.OTHING)COULDTELLTHEMSEEMEDTOCUTANYICE ANDASTHEYWERE PAYINGFORTHEOUT¹T)GAVEIN 7E CHASED THE WRANGLER OUT AFTER THE PONIES BROKE CAMP AND LIT OUT FORTHE7ILCOX0ASS ABOUTTHREEDAYSFROMWHEREWEWEREONTHE-ISTAYA /N THE WAY *OHN KEPT PESTERING ABOUT GRIZZLY -AN OH MAN HE SHURE WANTEDTOTANGLEWITHONE)TOLDHIMTHATIFWEDIDITWASMORELUCKTHAN JUDGEMENT AS AT THAT TIME OF THE YEAR THEY WERE TRAVELING ALL OVER THE COUNTRY4HEYKEEPMOSTLYTOTHESUMMITS DIGGINGGOPHERS ¹LLINGUPON THEMBEFORETHEYSHUTUPSHOPFORTHEWINTER 7ELL WEGOTTOTHEHEADOFTHE3UNWAPTAANDWENTINTOCAMPTOLOOKINTOTHE SHEEPPROPOSITION.EXTDAYWEHUNTEDSHEEP ANDTHENEXT ANDTHENEXT 4HENONENIGHTITSNOWEDABOUTTWOINCHES*USTRIGHTFORTRACKING*OHN AND)STARTEDOUTBRIGHTANDEARLYANDHITUPALONGSLOPEHEADINGFORTHE ALPINEMEADOWSONTOP7EWEREJUSTABOUTTOPPINGOUTWHENWERANINTO THE¹NESTSETOFGRIZZLYTRACKSYOUWOULDWANTTOSEE&RESHANDHOT ANDBY THELOOKOFTHEMHEWASN°TINANYHURRY(EWASANGLINGDOWNTHEHILLON THENORTHSIDETOWARDALITTLEPOCKET ­7ELL *OHN THISISWHEREYOUBUSTABEAR ®)SAID ANDWEFOLLOWEDTHE SIGN KEEPINGAPEELEDEYEONTHECOUNTRYBELOWUS&INALLY WECOMETO THELITTLEPOCKET WHICHHASSCRUBGROWINGABOUTTHREEFOURFEETHIGH AND ACREEKRUNNINGALONGTHEEDGE4HEBEARHADCROSSEDSOSOONAHEADOFUS THATTHEMUDWASSTILLSWIRLINGAROUNDINHISPADS )TOLD*OHNTOPUMPASHELLINTOTHECHAMBEROFHISFOWLINGPIECEAND LOOKATHISSIGHTS ANDSNEAKEDACROSSTHESTREAMASQUIETLYAS)COULD 4HE WATER WAS JUST OVER MY SHOE TOPS 9OU KNOW ) WEAR USUAL HEIGHT SHOES)THINKTHOSEHIGH LEGGEDONESAREJUSTSOMUCHMOREWEIGHTTOPICK UPANDPUTDOWN*OHNHASTHEKINDSOLDATALLTHESPORTSMEN°SOUT¹TTERS SEVENTEENINCHESHIGH ANYWAY 

7HEN)GOTTOTHEOTHERSIDE )¹NDTHAT*OHNISSTILLONTHEFARBANK SO) GOBACKTO¹NDOUTHOWCOME)DIDN°TDARETOHOLLERFORFEAROFDISTURBING OURBEAR ­)SN°TTHERESOMEKINDOFBRIDGE)CANCROSSON®SAYSHE ­"RIDGE MYFOOT COMEONTHEBEARWADED AND)WADED ANDNEITHERONE OFUSGOTDROWNED® ­.O )CAN°T9OUSEE 7OOD IF)GETMYFEETWET MYWHOLEDAYWILLBE SPOILED® #AN YOU BEAT IT ) TOLD HIM TO GET THE HELL OUT OF THERE AND GO BACK TO CAMP AND BY THE NINE BLIND PACK PONIES OF OLD *OE 3MITH THAT°S JUST WHATHEDID )WENTBACKOVERTHECREEKAGAIN ANDFOLLOWEDTHETRACKS ANDABOUT¹VE HUNDREDYARDSINTOTHEBUSHHEREWASTHEBEAR BUSYASALLGETOUT DIGGING HIMSOMEGOPHERS )CIRCLEDAROUNDHIMANDHITFORTHECAMPMYSELF/NEMOREOUT¹TLIKE THIS AND)AMGOINGTOQUITANDMEAJOBCHAUFFERINGONEOFTHOSESIGHT SEEINGBUSSES FROM#ALGARYTO,AKE,OUISE ­0AT®

4HE3PORTSMAN &EBRUARY AND



two This Guiding Game It turns out that some of the best mountain men are in fact women and girls. Tex was delighted by any client’s ability to shake off city behaviour, as in the first episode, in favour of rugged mountain masculinity, and his delight was not limited by (though it was certainly shaped by) conventions about gender. When an anxious and haughty family father turns back to town and the nearest stock ticker after a few days on the trail, his wife and four daughters turn out to be excellent mountain men, fulfilling all the requisites of the mountaineering hunting ethos, from pranks right down to excellent shooting. Tex’s mountain masculinity is, therefore, of an especially broad and comprehensive sort, connected not primarily to sexed bodies but more to gendered behaviour (or rather, in this case, to cross-gendered behaviour). As in other cases, Tex combines a type of outdoorsmanly machismo with a counter-cultural willingness to accept transgressions of convention, in this case gender-bending, and even to revel in them. Only the know-it-all professor comes off as irredeemable; even though he comes around to Tex’s view of fires in teepees, he makes it out to have been his own idea—hardly a surprise in an academic. —AG





0DEO#QE@EJC#=IA

9ARNSOFTHEWILDERNESSBYACOMPETENTOUTDOORSMAN By N. Vernon-Wood HKPKBLAKLHA=OGIAWHY)STAYWITHTHISGUIDINGGAMEWHENTHERE°S MORE MONEY TO BE MADE AT FORTY SEVEN OTHER VARIETIES OF HONEST TOIL ) SUPPOSE THE MAIN REASON IS THAT ) DON°T KNOW ANYTHING ELSE AND TWENTY YEARSOFRAMMINGAROUNDTHEHILLSSORTOFGETSUNDERYOURHIDEANDPLUMB RUINSAMANFORPUNCHINGATIMECLOCK4HENTHERE°STHEKICKAMANGETSOUT OFHISPILGRIMSYOUGETCLOSERTOAMANINAMONTH°SCAMPINGTHANYOUWILL INTENYEARSINANOF¹CE)T°SRIGHTINTERESTINGTOSTARTOUTWITHAºOCKOFFOLKS THATYOUDON°TKNOWTHE¹RSTTHINGABOUTANDWATCHHOWTHEYSHAKEDOWN )GETALETTERFROMSOMEBIRDIN.EW9ORKASKINGCAN)TAKEHIMOUTFORA MONTHANDAFTERWEHAVEMADETHEUSUALBUSINESSARRANGEMENTS HEWILL MOSTALWAYSWRITEABOUTWHATOUT¹THENEEDSTOBRING)NTHEOLDDAYS THIS WASN°TMUCHTOWORRYABOUT BUTSINCETHE­"LAZED4RAILHASCROSSEDTHE "OULEVARD ®ASTHECATALOGSAYS LIFEHASGOTTENSOMECOMPLICATED)LIKETO KIDMYSELFTHAT)CANGETASORTOFLINEONMYPROSPECTSFROMTHESELETTERS BUTYOUCAN°TALWAYSSOMETIMESTELL ) HOOKED ME A MAN ONE TIME FOR HUNTING BIGHORN (E MADE HIS ARRANGEMENTSINTWOTELEGRAMS AND)SAIDTO*IM ­4HAT°STHEWAYWELIKE °EMSHORTANDSWEET®BUTOLD"ILL7ILSONTHATRUNSTHEPOSTOF¹CEHERE COME PRETTY NEAR ASKING /TTAWA FOR A NEW OF¹CE AND MORE HELP BEFORE WEGOTOUTONTHETRAIL)GOTLETTERSABOUTBEDS RIºES AMMUNITION ¹ELD GLASSES ANDCLOTHES(EWANTEDTOKNOWIF)COULDRUNAMOVIECAMERA7AS MYHELPCONGENIAL)SHOWED*IMTHATONE ANDITDARNNEARCOSTME 

AMONTH­)F)HAVETOBECONGENIALAFTERWALKINGFOUR«¹VEMILESTHROUGH WETSNOWBEFOREBREAKFASTWRANGLINGYOURTHISANDTHATPACKR IT°SGOINGTO COSTYOUMONEY FELLER® ) GOT A LETTER SAYING THAT THE 4RANS #ANADA WOULD LAND HIM AT ,AKE ,OUISEATTENFORTY ¹VEINTHEMORNING ANDTHATHEWOULDCHANGEINTOHIS TRAILCLOTHESONTHETRAINANDBEREADYTOSTARTATELEVEN4HEDAYBEFOREHE WASDUE )GOTAWIRE­"RINGPLENTYOFSTRAWBERRYJAM®!S)HADSENTTHE GRUBSTAKEBYFREIGHTANDTHERESTOFTHEOUT¹TBYTRAILTWODAYSAHEADTO ,AKE,OUISE )HADTOCHUCKOUTSOMEOFMYEXTRASOCKSANDSHIRTSANDSTUFF AFEWEXTRACANSOFJAMINMYWARBAG )WASALLPRIMEDTOPUTINAMONTHWITHONEOFTHOSE­$OITNOW ®HIGH PRESSUREGINKS ANDWHOWASPERNICKETYASTHEDEVIL)METHIMATTHETRAIN AND)COULDSEEHEWASSTRUNGASTIGHTASA¹DDLESTRINGANDRARINTOGO 4HEOUT¹TWASCAMPEDACROSSTHETRACKSFROMTHEDEPOT ANDAFTERWEHAD COLLECTEDHISDUNNAGE WEHUMPEDONOVER4HEN*OE THECOOK BROKETHE GLADTIDINGSTHATTHEREWASN°TANYBAKINGPOWDERINTHEGRUBSTAKE 4HERE°SASORTOFSTORETHREEMILESUPTHEHILLFROMTHERAILWAY ANDTHE ONLYTHINGTODOWASGRABASADDLEPONYANDHIGHTAILUPTHERE)TOLDMY DUDEHEHADBETTERCOMETOO ANDSEETHELAKE ANYWAY ASWEWOULDNOT COME BACK THAT WAY AND ,AKE ,OUISE IS WORTH ANY MAN°S TIME TO SEE ) KNEW THAT HE WAS ¹GURING THAT ) WASN°T MUCH OF AN OUT¹TTER BUT ) WAS CERTAIN ) HAD ORDERED THE BAKING POWDER SO ) DIDN°T WORRY MUCH 4HE PILGRIM UNLIMBERED A BOX AND GOT OUT A SMALL MOVIE CAMERA AND AWAY WEWENT7HILE)WENTTOSEEHOWMUCHBAKINGPOWDER)COULDTALKOUTOF #ASEY/LIVERUPATTHESTORE MYMANWANDEREDDOWNTOTHELAKEANDITDID LOOKGOODTHATDAY)DARNNEARHADTOROPEHIMANDDRAGHIMAWAY ANDIF HEHADN°TRUNOUTOF¹LM WEWOULDHAVEBEENTHEREYET 7EDIDN°TGETAWAYTHATDAY ANDHESAIDHEWOULDN°THAVEMISSEDITFORA FARM!LLTHATWASWRONGWITHTHATGUYWASNERVES(EHADABOUTWORKED HIMSELFTOAFRAZZLEANDAFTERHEHADSLEPTOUTAFEWNIGHTSANDDONESOME CLIMBING HEWASRIGHTASRAIN)NSTEADOFSTAYINGOUTAMONTH HERANIT NEARLY TWO AND WE WERE DOWN TO STRAIGHT SHEEP MEAT AND BANNOCK BUT ITWASJAKEWITHHIM*IMAND*OEKICKEDLIKEBAYSTEERSBECAUSEWEWERE OUTOFJAMANDSWEETSTUFF BUTOURPILGRIMDIDN°TLETOUTAWORD(EWAS ACONTENTEDASAHOGINMUD ANDASLONGASTHEREWASGAMETOSTALK HE WOULDSTAYONAMOUNTAINALLDAYANDNIGHT!ROUNDCAMPHEWASONEOF THEGANG ANDWEALLLIKEDHIMPLENTY WHICHJUSTPROVESYOUCAN°TLOOKATA FROGAND¹GUREHOWFARHEWILLJUMP 

) GOT STUCK WITH A BUNCH OF SCIENTI¹C SHARPS ONCE THAT NEARLY GOT MY NANNY THOUGH -OST ANY PILGRIM WILL GIVE A GUIDE CREDIT FOR KNOWING SOMETHING BUT THESE BIRDS ALLOWED WE WERE JUST ABOUT ONE SHORT JUMP AHEAD OFAPACKHORSE IN INTELLIGENCE 4HE BIGAUGUR OFTHE LAYOUT WASA PROFESSOROFGEOLOGY ANDHEWASHIGHBROWANDHIGH HAT(EHADADINKY HEN SKIN SLEEPING BAG THAT DIDN°T LOOK VERY ADEQUATE TO ME SO ) ¹GURED THAT)WOULDPUTHIMINTHETEPEEWITHMEANDHISASSISTANT ANDKEEPA¹RE GOINGLOTSWHENWEGOTUPHIGHER 7HEN HE SAW ME PACKING A LOAD OF NICE DRY JACK PINE INTO THE TEPEE THAT NIGHT HE WANTED TO KNOW WHAT FOR ) EXPLAINED ABOUT HIS BAG AND SAID)WOULDSEETHATTHE¹REWASKEPTGOING9OUSHOULDHAVEHEARDHIM BLOWUP(EHADGOTTENTHATBAGOUTOFABOOKONCAMPING ANDITWASTHE LASTWORKINLIGHTNESSANDCOMFORT ANDANYWAYWHOEVERHEARDOFA¹RE INSIDEATENT0REPOSTEROUSANDUNTHINKABLE ANDALOTMORE"ESIDES HIS BEDWOULDLIKELYCATCH¹RE)OFFEREDTOBETHIMFOURBITSTHATWHENHEGOT THROUGHHEWOULDBURNIT ANYHOW BUTHEWOULDN°TTAKEADVANTAGEOFMY ABYSMALIGNORANCE4HEN)TRIEDTOTELLHIMTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENATEPEE ANDATENT ANDEXPLAINEDTHATTHE)NDIANSHADBEENUSINGTHEMFORSOME CONSIDERABLETIME ANDTHATTHEYCOOKEDIN°EMANDEVERYTHING BUTITWAS NOGO(EJUSTNATURALLYKNEWTHATYOUCOULDN°THAVEA¹REINSIDEACANVAS THINGWITHOUTHAVINGITºAMINGROUNDYOUREARS SO)LETITGOATTHAT7E HADTOCAMPUPONTHE0IPESTONE0ASSFORHIMTOGETSOMEGEOLOGY ANDIT WASCRIMPYROUNDTHEEDGESUPTHERE)USEDTOGETAHEAPOFSATISFACTION LYINGINMYSNOOZINGSACKANDLIST°NINGTOTHEPROFESSORSHIVERINGHIMSELF WARMANDUSINGWHAT)¹GUREDWASACADEMICCUSSWORDS /NEEVENINGHESORTOFCIRCLEDAROUNDTOTHESUBJECTOF¹RESINTEPEES AND)LITASMALLONETHATNIGHT(EWATCHEDITCAREFULLYFORQUITEAWHILE AND THENSTARTEDTOGIVEHISASSISTANTANDMETHESCIENTI¹CPRINCIPLESINVOLVED WHYTHESMOKE ETC WENTOUTOFTHEVENT ANDBEFOREAWEEKWENTBY TO HEARHIMTELLIT HEWASTHEBIRDTHATINVENTEDTEPEES ANDHEHAD¹GURED SOMEIMPROVEMENTSTHATTHE.ITCHIESHADOVERLOOKED !COUPLEOFNIGHTSAFTER WEWERESITTINGROUNDTHECAMP¹RE SMOKING ANDTELLINGLIES WHEN*IMSAYS­)STRUCKAFOSSILBEDUPTHATCREEKACROSS FROMCAMPWHEN)WENTAFTERTHEHORSESTHISMORNING4HERE°SABENCHOF #AMBRIANROCKTHEREPLUMBFULLOFTRILOBITESLOOK ITTHISONE®)SAWTHE PROFESSORSORTOFPRICKUPHISEARS AND KNOWING*IMWASKINDOFHIPPEDON GEOLOGY )SAYS ­)THOUGHTITWASIGNEOUSROCKUPTHERE®­)GNEOUSMYFOOT ® SAYS*IM­9OUKNOWDAMNWELLTHATTHEONLYIGNEOUSROCKINTHISPARTIS 

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FROMWHEREWEWEREONTHE3ASKATCHEWAN)TOOKGOODCARENOTTOTELLHIM THATLASTPART THOUGH *OEGAVEALLHANDSACOUPLEOFDOUGHGODSANDSOMECOLDBACONTOPUTIN OURSADDLEPOCKETS ANDWEWEREAWAYWITHAWHOOPANDAHOLLER7ELOST ALITTLETIMECUTTINGOUTWINDFALLSON"EAR#REEK ANDAFOOLPONYBOGGED DOWNONTHOSEMUDSLIDESATTHEFOOTOFTHE0YRAMID BUTOUTSIDEOFTHATWE PLUGGEDALONGSTEADYASYOUPLEASE)TWASGETTINGDUSKWHENWEWENTOVER "OW0ASS ANDBYTHETIMEWEHADDROPPEDDOWNBELOWTHELAKESITWAS DARKASTHEINSIDESOFABLACKCAT 7EDIDN°THAVEANYCOMPANYAROUNDTHECAMP¹RETHATNIGHTTHEJUDGE HADBEENKINDOFQUIETFORTHELASTFEWHOURS.EXTMORNINGHEDIDN°TSHOW UPWHEN*OEYELLED ­'RUBPILE ®SO)WENTTOHISTENTTOSEEHOWCOME (E JUST OPENED ONE EYE AND SAYS ) THINK WE HAD BETTER LAY OVER TODAY 7OOD® )THOUGHTSO TOO(EWASSOSTIFFHISEYELIDCREAKEDWHENHEOPENEDIT (ISWIFEAND)WENT¹SHING BUTHEDIDN°TSHOWUPUNTILLONGABOUTFOUR O°CLOCKINTHEAFTERNOON(EWASBACKTHENEXTSUMMER ANDWHILEWEWERE SORTOFGOINGOVERTHINGSBEFOREWEHITTHETRAIL HESAID ­)JUSTWANTTOLOAF AROUNDTHISTRIP 7OOD)THINKTHEREISSOMETHINGINWHATYOUSAYABOUT THEDISADVANTAGEOFRUSHINGTHROUGHTHECOUNTRY®*USTTHEN)CAUGHTHIS WIFE°SEYE AND)HADTOLOOKHARDATHIS¹SHINGROD )T°S FUNNY ABOUT THE WOMEN .INE OUT OF TEN MEN ASK ­)SN°T THIS TRAIL THINGTOOSTRENUOUSANDROUGHFORLADIES)DON°TKNOWIFIT°SJUSTLUCK BUT ANYWOMEN)HAVEHADTODOWITH¹TTEDINLIKEACARTRIDGEINARIºE)¹GURE THATIFAWOMANDON°TLIKETHEOUTDOORSSHENEVERGETSFARENOUGHTOGETHERE 4HEONESTHATDO KNOWTHEYAREGOINGTOLIKEIT ANDTHAT°SHALFTHEBATTLE /NE SUMMER WE GOT A FAMILY THAT HAD ME WORRIED FOR A WHILE 4HERE WAS -R AND -RS 6AN $IEMAN THREE DAUGHTERS AND A GOVERNESS &IVE FEMALES ANDWE¹GUREDTHATTHEYWOULDHAVEUSHERDINGWITHTHESQUIRRELS BEFORETHEYGOTTHROUGH/LDMAN6ANWASSORTOFSTUCKONHIMSELF AND DIDN°TAPPROVEOFHISFAMILYGETTINGTOOFRIENDLYWITHANYROUGH NECKHORSE WRANGLERS)HEARDHIMBAWLINGOUTTHEYOUNGESTONEDAYBECAUSESHECAME OVERTOWHEREWEWERETALKINGABOUTTHISANDTHAT ANDITSORTOFGOTMEON THEPROD7EHADN°TBEENOUTONLYTWODAYSWHENHEGOTTOGHOSTDANCING ABOUTWHATTHEMARKETWASDOING ANDSAIDHEWOULDHAVETOGOBACK )STARTED*IMBACKWITHHIM FEELINGSORTASIF)HADFALLENDOWNONMY JOB AND THAT THE MARKET WAS JUST A BLUFF BUT -RS 6AN CALLED ME OVER




ANDSAID ­.OW DON°TFEELBADLYABOUTTHIS 4EX-YHUSBANDREALLYHATES CAMPINGANDHASNEVER¹NISHEDANYTRIPWEHAVESTARTED)THINKPOSSIBLY THATWEWILLGETALONGQUITEWELLWITHOUTHIM® ­9OU°REHAPPYRIGHT ®THINKS) BUTKEPTITATTHINKING &IFTEENMINUTESAFTER*IMANDOLD6ANHADLEFTCAMPYOUCOULDFEELTHE DIFFERENCE7HILEWELAYINCAMPWAITINGFOR*IMTOGETBACK WECLIMBEDAND ¹SHEDANDHADASORTOF¹ELDDAY)WANTTOTELLTHEWORLD THATAFTER)HADPUT INADAYWITHTHATAGGREGATIONONAMOUNTAIN )KNEW)HADBEENSOMEPLACE 4HERE WASN°T A THING THEY WOULDN°T TRY ONCE %VERY MORNING THEY WOULD LINEUPINBATHINGSUITSANDHITTHE3PRAY2IVER-AN )USEDTOBESCARED PINK4HEWATERWASSWIFTANDCOLDASCHARITY BUTAS*OESAID ­!LLTHEMGALS NEEDISGILLS ANDTHEYWOULDSUREBE¹SH®4HEYWERERIGHTSOREBECAUSE) WOULDN°TLET°EMRIDEABRONCWEWERETRYINGTOBREAKFORAPACKHORSE5S GUIDESNEVERKNEWTHEMINUTEONEOF°EMWOULDN°TPULLSOMESTUNTONUS THATWOULDTRIPUSINTOTHEDRINK ORSUCHLIKE7EWOULD¹NDOURSLEEPING BAGSSEWNUP ANDONERAINYNIGHTTHEYLETOURTENTDOWNONUS 4HEY SHOWED *OE A THING OR TWO ABOUT COOKING AND DID IT SO THAT HE DIDN°TGETPEEVEDABOUTITANDBYTHERED EYED-IKE THEOLDESTONEBEAT THESKINOFFMEATSHOOTING4HEDAYWEGOTBACKTO"ANFFTHEYGAVEUSA PARTYUPATTHEBIGHOTEL ANDDANCEDUSBOW LEGGED3OMEONEASKEDMEIF WOMENWEREN°TQUITEAPROBLEMONTHETRAIL)°LLTELLAMANTHEYARE BUTNOT THEWAYTHATBIRDMEANT

4HE3PORTSMAN !PRIL «AND



three The Last Great Buffalo Drive Tex relates a number of past film experiences in this story, though not the months he and his family spent in California, when he worked in Hollywood as an animal handler, notably on The Call of the Wild. From raucous by-play during the shooting of a silent movie and mockery of the Alpine folk costumes (lederhosen in particular) featured in the film through a well-deserved but painful assault on the backside of a pain-in-the-ass assistant director with home-made buckshot, the atmosphere rings true to anyone who has ever had the misfortune to hang around a movie set as an extra or a relative. Tex clearly spent a good deal of time working on movies. His mockery of what directors thought looked real vs. reality is especially fresh and apt. Both the buckshot episode and the unintended killing of a buffalo, then a rare animal in Canada, were, if true, very masculine hi-jinks and would lead to much more serious consequences today. The rough-and-tumble of those days is one point of this story, with the implicit message that one could no longer get away with such macho goings-on (for better or for worse, with the decision left to the reader). —AG





0DA(=OP#NA=PQBB=HK NERA

7HENTHESIMPLESONSOFNATUREMAKEHISTORY INTRUE(OLLYWOODFASHION By N. Vernon-Wood &EI>NKQCDPKQP=BHK?GOFMAGAZINES LASTTIMEHEWENTINFORTHEMAIL AND THERE WAS SOME OF THOSE MOVING PICTURE PERIODICALS AMONGST °EM 4HEYGOTMETOTHINKINGABOUTSOMEOFOUREXPERIENCESWITHTHEACTORSAND ACTORINES&ORAWHILETHEREWASQUITEARUNONTHESEHILLSFORBACKGROUND FORHE MANSTUFF 4HE¹RSTOUT¹TWEGOTTANGLEDUPWITHBLEWINTO,AKE,OUISE ITMUSTBE ALLOFEIGHTEENYEARSAGO ANDTHEYWERETAKINGAPLAYTHATWASSUPPOSED TOTAKEPLACEIN3WITZERLAND/UROLDLOGBUNKHOUSEWASALLDOLLEDUP TO REPRESENT A 3WISS CHhLET AND A BUNCH OF THE VILLAGE BUMS WERE DRESSED UP IN THOSE DINKY PANTS THAT SHOW ALL THE SPAVINS ON AN OLD MAN°S LEGS AND THOSE (AMBURG HATS WITH TAIL FEATHERS )T°S A GOOD THING THIS WAS BEFORETHEDAYSOFTALKIESBECAUSEUSHORSEJINGLERSUSEDTOGATHERONTHE SIDELINEANDKIDTHETROOPS9OUSHOULDHAVESEENOLD0OP$ENTON IN"OY 3COUTPANTS WITHHISGALLUSESALLEMBROIDERED ANDWITHHALFASNOOTFULL ATMOSPHERING7HENTHEBUNCHGOTTORAZZINGHIM THEATMOSPHEREWAS THEREALLRIGHT"LUE MOSTLYITWAS 4HEMAINSQUEEZEWASALITTLEMANWITHABUMPERCROPOFHAIR)BETIT WOULDOFHARVESTEDTONTOTHEACRE ANDWECALLEDHIM(ENRY)RVING This story was reprinted in an Alberta school anthology: Theresa M. Ford, ed., Western Moods (Edmonton, AB: Alberta Education, 1979), 30–36, as an example of humorous Alberta writing.



RIGHTAWAY7HATHELACKEDINBEEFHEMADEUPINWORDSANDHAIR4OHEAR HIM YOUWOULDHAVETHOUGHTTHATHEMADETHEBLUEPRINTSFORTHE#REATOR )FOUNDOUTTHATSINCETHATTHAT°STHEWAYALOTOFTHOSEMOVIEDIRECTORSFEEL ABOUTTHEMSELVES 4OM'ORDONWASWRANGLINGFORMETHOSEDAYS(EHADGOTTENINTOAN ARGUMENTIN.EVADA ANDWASSORTOFVACATIONINGUNTILHISOPPONENTEITHER DIEDORDIDN°T'OODMAN ANYPLACEYOUPUTHIM ANDONEOFTHEKINDTHAT WOMENTURNROUNDTOGETANOTHERLOOKAT BUT)DON°TTHINKHEKNEWIT OR WOULDHAVEBOTHEREDIFHEDID4HEREWASABITOFAGIRLINTHEMOVIEPARTY THATDIDTHESTUNTSFORTHELEADINGLADY ANDSHEAND4OMGOTRIGHTFRIENDLY 3HEDIDN°TSEEMTOTORATEVERYHIGHLYWITHTHEBEAUTIESOR(ENRY BUTSHE WASMOREOURKIND ANDHADENOUGHNERVEFORTHEBUNCHANDTHENSOME 4HESTORYCALLEDFORTHESTARTOBESHOVEDINTOACREVASSEBYTHEVILLAIN THENHERFAITHFULOLDHOUNDHITSFORTHEVILLAGEANDDOESHISSTUFF SOTHATTHE HEROGOESBACKONTOTHEICEWITHHIMANDPULLSTHEUSUALRESCUE4OMAND )PACKEDTHECAMERASANDTHEPROPSUPTOTHE6ICTORIA'LACIER ANDHUNTED UPACREVASSETHAT¹LLEDTHEBILL7EHADABUNCHOFOLDMATTRESSESWHICH WEPILEDINTHEBOTTOM WHEREITWASABOUTTWENTYFEETDEEP AND4OM°SLADY FRIENDISELECTEDTOBEHEAVEDIN4HECAMERASWEREALLSIGHTED AND(ENRY GAVEALECTUREONHOWHEWANTEDITDONE4HENTHEGIRLANDTHEVILLAINPUT UPABATTLEONTHEEDGE ANDINSHEWENT)TLOOKEDLIKEMILLIONDOLLARSTOUS BUT(ENRYSAYS ­2OTTEN®4HEYDOITAGAIN AND(ENRY°SVERDICTIS­2OTTENER IFPOSSIBLE®(ECALLEDTHEGIRLDOWNSOME ANDORDEREDANOTHER4HETHIRD TIMEHEGRABBEDADOUBLEHANDFULOFHISHAIRANDSTARTEDTOTELLTHEWORLD HISPRIVATEANDPERSONALOPINIONSOFSTUNTGIRLS(EGOTSOHOPPEDUP HE USEDTHEWRONGWORDONCE)TISN°TANYMORETHANOUTOFHISFACE WHEN4OM SHOVEDITBACK7HENTHEBIRDIESQUITSINGINGFOR(ENRY HESORTOFLOOKED AROUNDANDWANTEDTOKNOWIFTHEAVALANCHEHADKILLEDMANY!FTERHEHAD RECOVEREDFULLY HEOPINEDTHATTHEPICTUREWOULDDO SOWEWENTBACKTO THECHhLET)FHECOULDHAVEGOTANOTHERPAIROFPACK HORSEARTISTSWEWOULD HAVEGONEDOWNTHEROADTHEHAYCOMEUP TALKINGTOOURSELVES /URNEXTSPLASHINTOTHEREALMSOFARTCOMENEARGETTINGUSAPOSITION MAKINGBIGONESINTOLITTLEONESFOR(IS-AJESTY4HE'OVERNMENTUSEDTO KEEPAHEARDOFBUFFALOINABIGPASTUREJUSTOUTSIDETHETOWNFORTOURISTS ANDSCHOOLMARMSTOLOOKAT4HISWASBEFORETHE0ABLOHERDWASBOUGHT ANDSHIPPEDUPFROM-ONTANAANDABISONWASWORTHMORETHANTENMEN %VERY YEAR THE 3TONIE )NDIANS CAMP JUST OUTSIDE THE PASTURE WHEN THEY PULLTHEIRANNUALCELEBRATION4HEYWERETHERETHETIMETHISHAPPENED AND 

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)T WORKED LIKE A CHARM 7E GOT ABOUT TWENTY BULLS COMING DOWN THAT DRAWLIKETHEMILLTAILSOFHELL ANDTHEBRAVESCUTIN YELLINGANDCOYOTEING FEATHERSSTREAMINGANDEVERYTHINGJUSTLIKETHESTORYBOOKS4HEEXCITEMENT GOTTOOMUCHFOROLD#HIEF2UNNING(ORSE)GUESSTHECRAZYOLDDEVILHAD KILLEDBUFFALOJUSTTHISWAYINHISYOUTH ANDHISYEARSFELLOFFHIM ANDHE RODEUPTOABULL DREWHISBOWDARNNEARDOUBLE ANDSOCKEDANARROWIN RIGHTBEHINDTHESHOULDER WHEREITWOULDDOTHEMOSTGOOD)NABOUTTWO JUMPSTHEANIMALGAVEAMOSTUNGODLYPLUNGE TURNEDENDOVEREND AND WASASDEADAS+ING2UFUSINTWOMINUTES ­2ED EYEDOLD*EEHOSEPHAT ®SAID&OSTER­HERE°SWHEREYOUAND)HEADTO -ONTANA WITHAPRICEONOURHEADSFORINCITIN°WAR REBELLION ANDKILLING THE+ING°SPETBUFFALO&ELLER IFTHISGETSOUT YOUAND)WILLBEPROVIDEDFOR FORTHENEXTNINETY NINEYEARS® 7EGATHEREDUPOURWARRIORS WHOWEREJUSTASMUCHSCAREDASUS AND TOLDTHEMTHATIFTHATMAN'OVERNMENTANDTHE-OUNTED0OLICEGOTWISETO OURMORNING°SWORK THEWHOLERESERVATIONWOULDBESHIPPEDTO,ETHBRIDGE ANDPUTTOWORKFARMING BESIDESBEING¹NEDAMILLIONPONIES4HEYJUST OOZEDOUTOFTHAT¹ELDANDBACKTOCAMP /URFELLOWCRIMINALSWERESODISORGANIZEDTHEYWANTEDTOBUSTUPTHE ¹LM BUT)SAID ­.O YOUBIRDSGETOUTOFHERE ONTHEJUMP ANDIF"UCKSHOT AND)AREHUNGFORTHIS WHENYOUSELLTHEPICTUREOFTHE¯,AST'REAT"UFFALO $RIVE °SEETHATOURSORROWINGFRIENDSGETASUPPLYOFCONVERSATIONWATER TO REMEMBEROURVIRTUESON4HEYWILLNEEDPLENTY® 4WOMINUTESLATERWEWEREALONEINTHEBLOODY¹ELD AND"UCKSHOTWANTS TO KNOW WHATINHELL WE ARE GOING TO DO ABOUT IT -E )°VE BEEN THINKING FAST UP DOWN ANDINCIRCLES AND)EXPLAIN ­.OW SEEHERE THISBULLWAS GORED TRAMPLEDTODEATHBYTHERESTOFTHEHERD ANDALTHOUGHYOUAND)DID SOMEFANCYRIDINGTRYINGTORESCUEHIM WEFAILED(ELPMEGETTHISBLAME ARROWOUTOFHIM ANDROLLHIMOVER®7EDIDJUSTTHAT THENWEGETACLUB APIECE ANDWENTOVERTHECORPSE BUMPINGOFFSOMEHIDEHEREANDTHERE ANDGENERALLYUSINGHIMUP!FTERTHATWEHAZEDASMANYOFTHEBUFFALOWE COULDGATHERUPINAHURRY ANDMILLEDTHEMAROUNDINTHEVICINITYOFTHE CORPUSDELICTI)BEATITFOR!DAM°SSHACKONTHEHIGHLOPE ANDTOLDHIMTO GETAWIGGLEONANDSADDLEHISOLDHAYBURNER ASTHEBUFFALOWEREONTHE PROD AND¹GHTINGLIKE+ILKENNYCATS (E TOOK TIME TO GET ON THE TELEPHONE AND NOTIFY THE 3UPE AND CHIEF WARDEN AND ALL THE REST OF (IS -AJESTY°S REPRESENTATIVES "Y THE TIME WE WERE IN THE ¹ELD THERE IS A PEERADE OF OF¹CIALS AS LONG AS THIS YARN 

STREAMIN° OUT OF TOWN ,UCKY FOR US THE HERD IS STILL WOOLING AROUND THE ºAT SNORTING AND THROWING DUST OVER THEIR BACKS 4HE BRAINS VIEW THE SADSIGHTFROMASAFEDISTANCE ANDTELL!DAMTOSKINOUTTHEBEASTWHEN THEOTHERSHAVEQUIETEDDOWN7EREMAINEDINTHEBACKGROUND LIKETHE MODESTHEROESWEARE ANDTELL!DAMWEWILLHELPHIMWHENHEGETSREADY 7EDON°TWANTTHATCANNY3COTTOGETONTOTHEHOLEBEHINDTHESHOULDER IF POSSIBLE 4HE OF¹CIALS GO BACK TO THE OF¹CE TO START ON THEIR REPORTS ­2EGRETTIN°TOSTATE ®AND)HEADFORTHE"IRDCAGETOCOLLECTANOTHERRETAINER SOTHATWHENSKINNINGTIMECOMES !DAMWILLBEINDISPOSED 7E LAID OFF TRYING TO CONTRIBUTE OUR MITE TO THE CAUSE OF ART FOR QUITE SOMETIMEAFTERTHAT /UR NEXT PERSONAL APPEARANCE IS NOT QUITE SO EXCITING FOR US BUT THAT DOESN°T MAKE US MAD ! COMPANY FROM ONE OF THE BIG STUDIOS IN (OLLYWOODCAMEUPTOMAKEA7ESTERNTHRILLER)TLOOKEDLIKETHEYWERE 'OD°SGIFTTOTRAILHANDS ASITHADBEENAHARDOLDWINTER ANDTHOSEOFUS THATWEREN°TBROKEWEREBADLYBENT ASISUSUALINTHESPRING&IVEBIGROUND DOLLARSADAY WITHLUNCHTHROWNINFORBEINGHALF BREEDS COW PUNCHERS DESPERADOES AND OTHERWISE ACTING ABOUT NATURAL SURE LISTENED LIKE THE ANSWERTOSOMEBODY°SPRAYER &IRSTTHINGTHISOUT¹TDIDWASTOBUILDAWHOLEVILLAGEABOUTTWENTYMILES FROMTOWN ANDWEALLWENTTOWORKGETTINGOUTLOGS ANDBUILDINGSHACKS 4HEYEVENIMPORTEDAºOCKOFHENSTOSCRATCHAROUNDTHEVILLAGE AND*IM AND)USEDTO¹GUREONABOUTNINEEGGSADAY UNTILSOMEMOREOFTHEGANG GOTONTOOURGRAFTANDWEHADTOCUTITOUT4HEYTOOKUSOUTEVERYMORNING IN CARS AND BROUGHT US BACK AT NIGHT AND SOMEBODY IN THE BUNCH HAD BRAINS BECAUSEWEGOTOUREVERYDAY0ROSPERITYDAWNED ANDTHESUN SHONEONBOTHSIDESTHEFENCE4HEONLYºYINTHEJAMWASTHEASSISTANT DIRECTOR ANDHEWASSOMEºY(EKEPTAPONYUPATTHELOCATION ANDHE GALLOPEDHITHERANDYON YELLINGORDERSSOFASTHEHADUSPOORBENIGHTED HILL BILLIESALLRATTLED7HENHEWASN°TONTHEGALLOP HESATONTOPOFTHE CAYUSESURVEYINGTHESCENE!LLHENEEDEDWASALICKOFGOLDPAINTTOHAVE DONEFORTHATSTATUEOF'ENERAL,EETHATYOUSEEUP&IFTH!VENUEASYOUGET UPBY#ENTRAL0ARKINTHEBIGCITY 7EFELTKINDOFSORRYFORTHEPOORLITTLECAYUSE4HATºYING$UTCHMAN WASAHEAVYMAN ANDHESUREDIDMAKEMILEAGE4HEBUNCHDIDALOTOF ¹GURINGHOWWECOULDHELPOUTTHEPONY BUTTHEREDIDN°TSEEMMUCHWE COULDDOABOUTIT UNTILWEHEARDONEMORNINGTHATEVERYTHINGWASSETTO MAKE A BIG ¹GHT SCENE %VERY ONE OF THE ATMOSPHERE WAS ISSUED WITH A 

 AND ALL THE BLANK AMMUNITION HE WANTED 2IGHT AWAY ABOUT FOUR OF US HAD THE SAME ºICKER OF INTELLIGENCE AND WE STRAIGHTENED OUT THE CRIMPING AT THE END OF THE BLANKS ) HAPPENED TO HAVE A FEW OF THE REAL HONESTSHELLSINMYBELT SOWEPULLEDTHEBULLETOUTOFACOUPLE PUTAPINCH ORTWOOFCORDITEOUTOFTHEMINTOOURBLANKS ANDTHEN¹LLEDTHEMWITH SMALLSTONES ANDANYTHINGTHATWASHARDANDSMALL7EMADEONEORTWO WOODENPLUGSABOUTTHESAMESIZEASABULLET ANDTHENWAITEDTOSEE WHATWOULDTURNUP 4HEDOPEWAS THATTHEHEROANDHISGIRLWEREINBADWITHTHEROUGH NECKS ANDWEWEREBESIEGIN°THEMINASHACKATTHEENDOFTHEVILLAGE7EWERE GIVENACOURSEONHOWWESHOULDSTALKUPTOTHESHACKAND¹REASWESNEAKED ALONG THELOVINGCOUPLEINTHEMEANTIMEGIVINGUSALLTHEHELLTHEYCAN 4HEASSISTANTDIDN°TTRUSTUSSIMPLESONSOFNATURETOSTALKTHATSHACK IN THE TRUE (OLLYWOOD FASHION SO HE MINGLED WITH THE HERD TO GIVE INSTRUCTIONS AND THEN THE SIGNAL WENT UP TO COMMENCE HOSTILITIES 7E SUREPUTUPAWONDERFULLOOKIN°SCRAP3HOOT ANDCRAWLFORTHENEXTBUSH ORROCK%VERYONCEINAWHILE ONEOFTHEDEFENDERSWOULDDRILLANENEMY ANDHEWOULDCLUTCHTHEWOUNDAND LAUGHINGTO¹TTOBUST DIEWHERETHE CAMERASWOULDCATCHHIM 4HENTHROUGHTHESMOKE )SAWOURHATEDENEMY BENDINGDOWNBEHIND AROCK YELLINGATABREEDTOPUTMORESNAPINTOIT)GAVETHETIPTOMYFELLOW DESPERADOES AND NEXT MINUTE HE JUMPED FORTY FEET IN THE AIR CLUTCHING THE SEAT OF HIS RIDING BREECHES AND YELLING BLOODY MURDER ) BET HE WAS WOUNDEDINTHIRTY NINEPLACES)DOKNOWTHATTHEPONYGOTPLENTYRESTAFTER ASHEDONEHISGALLOPINGAROUNDONFOOTFORQUITEAWHILE 3OMETIME )THINK)WILLWRITETOONEOFTHOSEMOVIEMAGAZINESANDSPILL SOMEONSCREENSHOTSOFMYOWN

4HE3PORTSMAN *UNE  AND



four “William, Prepare My Barth” This story is the most clearly mocking of gentlemanly big-game hunters, and it happens also to be directed programmatically against Tex’s former countrymen, the English (called “Woodbiners,” in the slang of the day). The prejudice against Englishmen that Tex encountered when he arrived in Canada (cf. John Gow’s recollections in Appendix A) was real; appended to “help wanted” signs in shop windows was often the coda “Englishmen Need not Apply.” As exhibits at the museum in Fort Steele Heritage Town in British Columbia document, prejudice against the English middle- and upper-class settlers was particularly strong in the mountains of western Canada at that time because they were not seen as good settlers. Tex did a great deal to shed that stigma, though he never really shed important parts of his identity, such as his tea at 11:00, or subscribing to what was then still called the Manchester Guardian by air mail. But his desire to distance himself from the stereotype of his fellow countrymen means that Tex often presented himself as a real Canadian, unlike his English clients, who are just tourists. This story demonstrates Tex’s authentic Canadianness by emphasizing the effete and silly gentlemanliness of his clients. Again, mountain masculinity is at stake here: excessive bathing, attention to the body and clothing, and to comfort are clearly not proper masculine behaviours in the mountains. One has the sense that this is situational, and that Tex he would be perfectly happy for them to be fastidious English gentlemen at home and in private, just as he was a tea-drinker and Guardian-reader—at home and in private. But in his stories and out in the wilderness at least, as Tex he expected conformity to a masculine ideal of ruggedness and insouciance about comportment (washing and comfort) in the mountains—an expectation that he passed down to his children and grandchildren, 


much to AG’s annoyance as a child. In “Pipestone Letter No. 1,” Tex notes that most guides “generally expect a Pilgrim to be washing, shaving, and cleaning his nails, when he ought to be scrambling up a slide to try and bust a bear.” Perhaps we can speak of situational norms of ethnic national and gender display—but the mocking description of the great hunters sitting in Morris chairs in the shade, waiting for beaters to drive a gazelle past their guns is too funny to be submitted to dry analysis alone—it is high satire and has its own raison d’être. The ending has a nice populist touch. —AG and JR



¡3EHHE=I,NAL=NA)U=NPD¢

!BIG THICKCATALOGUEHASKEPTMANYAHOMESTEADER INLITERATUREALLWINTER By N. Vernon-Wood % CKP = BHK?G KB OLKNPEJC GOODS CATALOGUES LAST TIME ) WENT IN FOR THE MAIL AND*IMAND)HAVEBEENBEGUILINGTHELONGWINTEREVENINGSBUYING OURSELVES A REAL &IFTH !VENUE TRAIL OUT¹T)N OUR MINDS ) ¹GURE THAT FOR ABOUT)CANJUSTABOUTGETTHEBARENECESSITIESOFLIFEASIT°SLIVEDOUT INTHEHILLSANDWOODS ACCORDINGTOTHECATALOGUESABOVEMENTIONED 4HERE°SALOTOFREALUSEFULDOOºICKERSINTHEBOOKS ANDALOTTHATREMIND MEOFOLD"ILL"AXTON°STEETH"ILL°SBEENUPHEREEVERSINCE-T!SSINIBOINE WASAHOLEINTHEGROUND(ESTARTEDOUTASAPACKERFORTHE(ECTORSURVEY THEONETHATLAYEDOUTTHE#02LINEHEREINTHE°EIGHTIES4HENHETOOKTO PROSPECTING ANDDIDSOMEGUIDINGTOO BUTPILGRIMSWERESOMESCARCEIN THOSEDAYS7HENTHE"OER7ARBUSTOUT "ILLWASSINGLEJACKINGHISWAY INTOTHEINSIDEOFTHEMAINRANGEOFTHE3ELKIRKS HOPINGTORUNDOWNA VEINTHATWOULDASSAYJUSTABOUTTOTHEPACK HORSELOAD BUTQUITTO GOTOWARIN!FRICAWITH3TRATHCONA°S(ORSE 7HENTHATFRACASWASSETTLED "ILLCAMEBACK ANDDIDTHISANDTHAT UNTIL THELAST7+WARBROKELOOSE"YTHISTIMEHEWASSHOWINGPLENTYOFRINGS ON HIS HORNS BUT HE GOT INTO A CAVALRY OUT¹T AND WAS SENT TO #ALGARY TO TRAIN4HEONLYTHINGWRONGWASTHATHEDIDN°THAVEWHATYOUCALLAFULL STRINGOFTEETH SOTHE!RMYSTAKEDHIMTOANEWSETOFREMOVABLEONES /NEOFTHEBOYSWENTDOWNTOVISIT"ILL ANDFOUNDHIMSITTINGONTHE STEPSOFAHUT WHITTLINGAWAYONHISSTORETEETHWITHASKINNINGKNIFE(E 

WOULDTRYTHEMINHISFACE CUSSALITTLE ANDTAKE°EMOUTANDGOTOHEWING ONTHEMAGAIN ­4HAT°STHEDEVILOFAWAYTOUSEYOURTEETH "ILL ®SAYSHISVISITOR ­/HHELL THESEAREFORMILITARYPURPOSESONLY)SPIT°EMOUTBEFORE)EAT ® SAYS"ILL *UST THE SAME IT BEATS EVERYTHING WHAT A KICK A MAN CAN GET OUT OF A CATALOGUE ! BIG THICK ONE FROM A MAIL ORDER HOUSE HAS KEPT MANY A TRAPPER IN LITERATURE ALL WINTER ) BET YOU THAT WHEN A PILGRIM IS BUYING HIS¹RSTOUT¹TFORAHUNT HEGETSMOREKICKOUTOFITTHANIFHIS533TEEL JUMPED TEN POINTS )T°S SURPRISING TOO WHAT A HEAP OF WHIFºOWS A GOOD SALESMAN THAT°SNEVERSLEPTOUTINHISLIFE CANUNLOADONTOAHARD HEADED WOLFON7ALL3TREET ANDIT°SMORESURPRISINGHOWTHESESAMEGETLOST BUST ORLEFTINTHELASTCAMP WHENTHEGUIDESGETTOHANDLINGTHEM 4HEREWASANOUT¹TCOMEUPHEREONCE THATUNDERTOOKTOSHOWTHENATIVE HILL BILLIESANDTHEWORLDINGENERALJUSTHOWITSHOULDBEDONE4HEYSPREAD THENEWSTHATTHEYWEREGOINGWHERETHEFOOTOFWHITEMANHADNEVERTROD AND THAT°S SOME CONTRACT WHEN YOU ¹GURE THAT THE (UDSON°S "AY MEN WERERAMMINGAROUNDHEREYEARSAGO ANDTHATTHEREMUSTHAVEBEEN TWO3COTCHPROSPECTORSINBEFORETHEM NOTCOUNTINGTHEONESTHAT°SBEEN GOINGUPANDDOWNANDACROSSSINCE4HEYHADEVERYTHINGEXCEPTAPORTABLE TENNISCOURT)TWOULDHAVETAKENTWOMENANDABOYTOSEEALLTHEIRPACK STRINGATONCE AND)BETTHEYWOULDHAVEHADTOTAKETWOLOOKSATTHAT) FOLLOWEDTHEMOUTABOUTTWOWEEKSLATER ANDIF)HADHADTIMEANDALSO ABOUTTENEXTRAPACKPONIES)COULDHAVEACCUMULATEDENOUGHSTUFFTHAT WASSCATTEREDOVERTHETRAILTOHAVEISSUEDATRICKSYCATALOGUEOFMYOWN 7HENITCOMESTOHITTINGTHETRAILSDELUX THOUGH ITTAKESAN%NGLISHMAN TODOITUPBROWN WITHBUTTERONBOTHSIDES)GOTMEABRACEOF7OODBINERS BEFORETHEWAR ANDTHEYBROUGHTEVERYTHINGEXCEPTTHEBRICKHOUSE4HEY HAD A CHEST OF SILVER AND A VALET TO SEE THAT WE DIDN°T PINCH THE SPOONS ANDTO¹LLTHEBATHTUB4HEIRTENTSWOULDHOLDAROUND UPCREWANDWERE AS HEAVY AS A GREEN COOK°S BANNOCK 4HE TENTS HAD TELESCOPE POLES WITH WOODENHICKEYSTOSCREWONTOPOFTHEUPRIGHTS PAINTEDRED WHITE AND BLUE4HATWASTOSHOWUSBALLY#OLONIALSWHEREWEGOTOFFAT4HEIRRIºES ASSAYEDTOTHETON ANDTHEREWASANYWAY WORTHOFTHEM7E SUREWERESOMERELIEVEDWHENWE¹NALLYGOTINTOHUNTINGCOUNTRYSOTHAT ALLWEHADTODOWASABOUTSIXTEENHOURSADAYHUNTINGANDCAMPCHORES SOMEOFTHEPONIESWERESWAY BACKEDFROMPACKINGTHATLAYOUT !SSOONASWEGOTTHROUGHMOVINGEVERYDAY THOSE%NGLISHMENBEGAN 

TO LIVE LIKE THE BEST #OUNTY FAMILIES DO IT 4HE MINUTE THE COOK MADE A MOVE IN THE MORNING ONE OR THE OTHER WOULD HOLLER ­7ILLIAM PREPARE MYBARTH®7ILLIAMWASTHEVALET ANDHEWOULDHIGHTAILFORTHECREEKWITH TWOCOLLAPSIBLEPAILSAND¹LLTHEFOLDINGTUB INTHEPORTABLEBATHTENT"Y THE TIME AN ORDINARY OUT¹TTER WOULD HAVE FED AND GOT TO HUNTING THEY WOULDBEJUSTABOUTBATHEDANDSHAVED/LD3TIGGS THECOOK BEGANTOGET INFECTED TOO AND OPINED HE WOULD THROW SOME DOG SO HE MADE HIM A WHITEAPRONOUTOFAºOURSACK)TWASPLUMBRITZY TOO UNTILONEDAYHE WASREACHINGOVERTHECOOK¹RETOMOVEAPOTOFMULLIGANANDHISAPRON CAUGHT¹RE7HENWEGOTHIMEXTINGUISHEDHEWASSHYAºOCKOFWHISKERS ANDEYEBROWS ANDTHATPUTACRIMPINTOHISDOG )SUREFELTSORRYFOR7ILLIAM THOUGH4HOSEBIRDSRANHIMBOW LEGGED ANDHEWASSCAREDSTIFFTHATIFHEDIDN°THITHERONTHENOSEHEWOULDGET THETINCANTIEDTOHIMANDLEFTINTHE#OLONIESTOSTARVEORGETSCALPEDBY HOSTILES 7HEN ONE OF HIS BOSSES WOULD HOLLER ­7ILLIAM ® THE 7RANGLER WOULDSAY ­4ELLHIMTOGOPLUMB "ILL"EAMANANDTELLHIMTOGOTAKEA JUMPINTHELAKE®"ILLWOULDJUSTABOUTHAVEAHEMORRHAGEFORFEARONEOF THEDUKESWOULDHEAR ANDTHATDIDN°TWORRYUSANY )HADMYGRIEFTOO)COULDN°TPERSUADETHOSEGUYSTOHUNTONFOOT4HEIR IDEAWASTORIDEUPTOTHEGAME­7HAT°STHEUSEOFBARGINGAROUNDINTHE FOREST WHEN ONE CAN RIDE DOWN THE PARTHS ® WAS THEIR NOTION )°VE QUIT ARGUINGWITHANYPILGRIMTHATWANTSTOTELLMEHOWTOHUNT4HETHINGTO DOISGIVE°EMTHEIROWNWAY UNTILTHEYSEETHATITAIN°TPUTTINGANYMEAT INTHEPOT ORHELPINGTHETAXIDERMISTSTOEARNANHONESTDOLLAR4HEYWILL COMEAROUNDTHENANDGIVEMYSYSTEMAWHIRL 4HEYUSEDTOTELLUSYARNSABOUTHUNTINGIN)NDIAAND!FRICA WHERETHEY HADAMILLIONMISGUIDEDHEATHENSHERDTHEGAMEPASTACOUPLEOF-ORRIS CHAIRS INTHESHADEOFTHE¹GTREES ANDTHENTHEYWOULDTAKETHEIRRIºE FROMTHESECONDASSISTANTRIºEWALLAHANDPLUGTHEGALLOPINGGAZELLEASHE FOGGEDBY)TKINDOFGOT*IM°SNANNY(ECOULDSEEWHEREHEMIGHTHAVETO GETOLD3TIGGSANDHERDAGRIZZLYTHROUGHCAMPWHILE)STOODBYWITHACUP OFTEAANDTHEEXTRAEXPRESS
3OHESAYSONEDAY ­)HOPETO'ODYOU FELLERSDON°TTHINKFORONE*EEZLEYMINUTEYOUAREIN)NDIANOW®­/H NO ® SAYSONEOFTHEEARLS ­4HEVEGETATIONISQUITEDIFFERENT®4HATTOOKALOAD OFFOF*IM°SMINDANYWAY 4HERE°S A LICK JUST WHERE THE 3IMPSON AND 6ERMILLION COME TOGETHER !POWERFULHUNTINGRIºE



ANDIT°SQUITEASTAMPINGGROUNDFORMOOSE SOWE¹GUREDTHATOURBEST BETTOHORSEBACKOURDUDESTOGAMEWASTOGETUPBEFOREBREAKFASTSOME MORNINGANDRIDEDOWNTHERE ANDWEMIGHTJUMPAMOOSETHATWASLATE HITTING BACK TO THE GREEN TIMBER FOR THE DAY 7E PUT THIS PROPOSITION TO OUR PILGRIMS AND THEY THOUGHT THAT AT LAST ) WAS SHOWING GLIMMERINGS OFHUMANINTELLIGENCE.EXTMORNING*IMGOTINTHESADDLEHORSESABOUT FOUR O°CLOCK AND WE ROLLED OUT THE VALET AND HE DID HIS STUFF 4HEN THE BARONS STARTED TO GET READY TO COMMENCE TO BEGIN 4HEY BATHED SHAVED MASSAGED ANDHADALITTLETONICONTHEIRHAIR!BOUTNINEO°CLOCKBREAKFAST ISDISPOSEDOF ANDTHEYBEATITFORONEOFTHEIRRAGHOUSES ANDWENTINTO CONFERENCETODECIDEWHATRIºE KNIFE ¹ELDGLASSES ETC WASTHEDERIGGER FORTHATDAY,ONGABOUTTENO°CLOCK7ILLIAMAPPEARED ANDSAYSTHATIF-R 3TIGGSWOULDMAKEACUPOFTEA THEGENTLEMENWOULDBEREADYTOPROCEED IMMEDIATELYAFTER )COULDSEETHAT7RANGLEROFMINESWELLINGUP AND¹GUREDANYMINUTE HEWOULDBLOWUPANDBUST/LD'REASY THOUGH ISSOTICKEDWITHTHE-R 3TIGGS STUFF THAT HE GOT INTO MOTION AND STARTED TO DISTILL HIS SO CALLED TEA4HEN7ILLIAMPICKEDTHECORRECTSPOONSFROMTHEPERAMBULATIN°SAFETY VAULT ANDPACKEDTHEONSOMBLEINTOONEOFTHETENTS *USTABOUTTHEN)GOTINTERESTEDINANOLD"ILLY ABOUTTHREEMILESAWAY ON A SLIDE AND WATCHED HIM THROUGH MY GLASSES FOR QUITE A WHILE (E SEEMEDTOHAVEABUMLEG ANDWASNOTASFULLOFTHEOLDSANGFROIDASAGOAT GENERALLYIS*IMWAS¹DDLINGAROUNDTHEPONIES AND)DIDN°TTAKEMUCH NOTICEOFWHATHEWASDOINGUNTIL)HEARDTHEPONIESHITTINGUPTHETRAILFOR THERESTOFTHEHERD"EFORE)COULDSTARTTOBAWLHIMOUTHEBEATMETOIT ANDASKEDMEIFITWASINTHEPRICETOLETTHECAYUSESSTANDALLDAYTIEDTO TREES WHENTHEYHADTORUSTLELIKEHELLTOSCRATCHALIVINGINTHISSOANDSO VALLEYOFMINEANYHOW )AMJUSTABOUTTOASKHIMWHENHEGOTSOFULLOFLOVING KINDNESSTOAºOCK OFPLUGSTHATWEREONLYWAITINGAGOODCHANCETOKICKHIMINTHEDIAGRAM WHEN OUT COME THE LORDS AND SAYS ­!LL RIGHT 7OOD 3HALL WE PROCEED /H )SAY WHEREARETHEMOUNTS®­'ONETOGET°EMACUPOFTEA BLASTYOUR ARMORIALBEARIN°S ®HOLLERED*IM ANDTHATPUTTHETINHATONTHATDAY *USTTHESAME THATHADAHEAPOFINºUENCEWITHTHEBARONETS ANDWEGOT ONAWHOLELOTBETTERAFTER7HENTHEYGOTDOWNTOEARTHASFARASHUNTING WASCONCERNED THEYCOULDN°TBEBEAT5NDERTHEIRSHELLSTHEYWEREGOOD SPORTSAND)LIKE°EM EVENIF)DIDGETMADENOUGHTOPUTCOYOTEPOISONIN THEIRTEASOMETIMES 

)OFTENWONDERWHATHAPPENEDTO7ILLIAM THOUGH4HEDAYWEGOTBACK TO "ANFF WE PACKED UP OUR PILGRIMS° TROPHIES AND THEN STARTED UP THE VILLAGETOGIVETHEBARTENDERSACHANCETOJUSTIFYTHEIREXISTENCE ANDWERUN INTO"ILLDOWNONSOMEERRANDFORONEOFHISMARQUISES7ESORTOFHERDED HIMINTOOURPETBAR ANDTHELAST)SAWOFHIM HEWASGOINGUPTHESTREET TOWARDTHEBIGHOTEL ANDHEWASSUREUSINGALOTOFTHERIGHTWAY¬BOTH SIDESANDTHEMIDDLE¬AND)HEARDHIMTELLAMOUNTEDCORPORAL ­)°MGOING UPTHERE AND)°MGOINGTOTELLTHOSEBL BLIGHTERS TOTAKEANEXTENDEDSPRINT AN°PLUNGEINTOTHEWATER®

4HE3PORTSMAN *ULY AND



five Us Winter Sports This is the piece with the greatest immediate historical significance, as it suggests and describes an origin for the introduction of skiing to the Banff area. This new winter sport and the facilities it spawned radically changed Banff from the summer resort that it had remained until well into the middle years of the twentieth century: the Banff Springs Hotel and Chateau Lake Louise simply shut down in winter. Before that, wealthy tourists who arrived by sleeper car on the toney cpr Trans-Canada, a stainless-steel rhapsody of Art Deco design, took the hot mineral waters at the Cave and Basin, walked or went out hunting or fishing—in summer. Here, Tex comically refers to the founding of the Skoki Lodge by the Ski Club of the Canadian Rockies near Banff in 1931. Skoki Lodge was (and remains) a back-country skiing destination three years before Tex’s first boss, Jim Brewster, made Sunshine Village into the first ski resort in the Rockies. Skiing turned Banff into a year-round tourist destination. Tex refers to the anonymous inventor as “some yahoo” who “got to ghost dancing,” a reference to the ghost dance of the Plains Indians. The reference is apt: diverse Native groups adopted the ghost dance as a mystical way to bring back the buffalo herds and become prosperous once again, much as (in Tex’s eyes) the Banff area was looking for more ways to bring in tourist dollars. The popularization of the automobile and therefore of cheap mass travel made resort skiing wildly popular after the First and Second World Wars, but Tex’s stories had all been written before that time—one can only imagine what he would have made of skiing day-trippers from Calgary and bus-loads of Japanese tourists. Tex’s self-mockery about his clumsy and amateurish use of skis is a winning counterpoint to his slightly grudging appreciation of Cliff White’s visionary introduction of skiing to the area. 

His point about the money to be earned guiding or teaching skiers was in a minor way prophetic, as his own son and daughter-in-law (Bill and Choukie Vernon-Wood) would run a small ski-hill near Vernon, and his grandson John Gow would start out as a ski instructor at Sunshine Village and finish as its general manager, before taking over and building up, in partnership, Silver Star Resort near Vernon, thus mirroring Tex’s own trajectory in the tourist business from Banff into British Columbia. —AG and JR



1O3EJPAN/LKNPO

3OMEEFFORTSINTHE#ANADIAN2OCKIESTOMAKE3AN-ORITZ LOOKLIKEADIRTYDEUCE By N. Vernon-Wood KAO>A=PDAHHDKSCOMPLICATEDLIFE°SGETTINGUPHEREINTHEHILLS4AKE THISPILGRIMWRANGLING FR°INSTANCE5SEDTOBE AMANCOULDBUSTOUTFOR AMONTHONTHETRAIL WITHAFEWPLUGSOFSPITTINGTOBACCO ANDHISOTHER SOCKS!SLONGASYOUHADPLENTYSOWBELLY BEANS ºOUR TEAANDSUGAR WITH THEODD¹SHHOOK THAT°SALLANYBODYLOOKEDFOR4RYANDGETAWAYWITHTHAT NOW7EGOTTOHAVEGRAPEFRUITFORBREAKFAST ANDATABLETOEATITOFF ,ASTSUMMER )WASGUIDINGAPARTYAND AFTER*OEHADSETUPFORTHE¹RST MEAL THEYLOOKEDTHELAYOUTOVER SOMEDISDAINFUL ANDASKEDWHEREWAS THEBUTTERKNIFEANDNAPKINS3EEINGTHEYWASLADIES )COULDN°TTELL°EMTHAT WEMOSTLYUSEDTHESEATOFOUR,EVI°SFORNAPKINS !COUPLEOFYEARSBACK )BUILTMEALOGCABINAT3PRAY,AKES ¹GURINGON MAKINGITTHERITZIESTCAMPIN!LBERTA)PACKEDOUTREALWINDOWS ANDA STOVE0UTDOWNALUMBERºOOR ANDFURNISHEDITREGARDLESS WITHCOTSAND TRICKFOLDINGCHAIRS4HEN)SPREADMYSELF ANDSPENTREALMONEYADVERTISING IT&IRSTREPLY)GOTWASFROMABIRDWHOASKED ­7HATOTHERATTRACTIONSHAVE YOU BESIDES ¹SHING CLIMBING AND HUNTING (AVE YOU A TENNIS COURT® *OESAYSTHATNEXTSUMMERWEHADBETTERPACKALONGAºOCKOFPUTTERSAND BALLS SOTHEDUDESCANPLAYTHISPUPGOLFINANDOUTTHETEEPEES )T°SDEMORALIZINGTHEHANDSTOO)HIREDANEWJINGLERLASTSPRING ANDTHE DOOFUNNIESTHATWADDYWANTEDTOPACKWOULDHAVESUNKASCOW(EEVEN HADABOOK 


)N *ULY ) HAD TO GO UP TO THE BIG HOTEL TO TALK TO SOME FOLKS ABOUT A HUNTINGTRIP ANDMAY)NEVERTHROWANOTHERDIAMONDHITCH IFHEREAIN°T "UCKSHOT&OSTERGOINGINTOTHEDININGROOM WITHAPARTYHEHADJUSTBRUNG INFROMTHE3ASKATCH ALLRIGGEDOUTINASOUPAND¹SH(ELOOKEDABOUTAS HAPPYASABUCKSKINCAYUSEATTHE.ATIONAL(ORSE3HOW 5PTILLTHISHECTICSTUFFHITUS IFAMANKNEWTHECOUNTRY RUNAGOOD SPREADOFCAYUSES ANDDIDN°TGETTOOAWFULGROUCHYWHENAPILGRIMMISSED AEASYSHOTATAHEADHE°DTAKENPLENTYTROUBLETOINJUNUPON¬WHY THAT°S ABOUTALLANYONELOOKEDFOR.OW YOUGOTTOBEAGUIDE SCIENTIST CONVERSATION EXPERT AND'ODKNOWSWHATALL INCLUDING ­(OWMUCHEXPOSURESHALL) GIVETHIS®7ELL YOUCAN°TSTAYINTHEDRAG ANDEATREGULAR SO)DONEMY BESTTOGETEDUCATED*USTWHEN)AMBEGINNINGTOKIDMYSELFTHATMYLINE ISABOUTCOMPLETE THISWINTERSPORTSTHINGBUSTRIGHTOVERMYHEAD )N THE GOOD OLD DAYS WHEN THE LAST HUNTING PARTY WAS IN AND THE CAYUSESRUNOUTTOWINTERRANGEINTHEFOOTHILLS WECOULDPUTINTHENEXT SIXMONTHSSPENDINGOURSUMMERSTAKE ANDLYINGTOEACHOTHERABOUTTHE GAMEWEGOT ANDTHEFUNNYTHINGSOURPILGRIMSSAIDANDDID4HEREWASA BIGOLDSTOVEINTHEBARATTHE+ING%DWARD(OTEL ANDTHEBADHORSESTHAT WASRODE ANDTHE¹GHTINGGRIZZLIESSHOTAROUNDITDURINGTHEWINTER WAS NOBODY°SBUSINESS 4HENWEGOTALLSPRADDLEDOUTONWINTERSPORTS3OMEMISGUIDEDYAHOO GOT TO GHOST DANCING AND ¹GURES THAT HERE°S THE PLACE WILL MAKE 3AN -ORITZLOOKLIKEADIRTYDEUCE­7EGOTSNOW ANDSCENERY HILLSFORSKISAND TOBOGGANS,ET°SPUTTHISMAN°STOWNONTHEMAPASTHEWINTERPLAYGROUND OF!MERICA® !ND THE HELL OF IT IS WE FALL FOR IT %VEN )KE -ILLS HIMSELF SENT UP TO ,E0AS ANDIMPORTEDAºOCKOF(USKIES ANDGOESINFOR­MUSHING®(E KEPTTHETEAMINANOLDBARNBACKOFTHE-ETHODIST#HURCHANDWHENTHE FAITHFULGOTTOPRAISINGTHE,ORDINSONG THEMHALFBREDWOLVESALLPOINTED THEIRNOSESTOTHEMOONANDJOINEDIN4HEREAIN°TANYWINTERSPORTSWHERE THE2EV(ACKLEBERRYSAYSWEAREHEADEDFOR 4HENWEALLMUCKEDIN ANDCLEAREDTHESNOWOFFTHE"OWRIVER ANDTHE FANCY SKATING CLASS HOLDS FORTH THERE &ANCY IS THE RIGHT WORD TOO +ATE #LARK¬WHO°SALIVINGADFORTHEBOARDINGHOUSESHERUNSANDDON°TWEIGH ANOUNCEOVER¬DOINGHEROUTSIDEEDGES ALSOHERLEFTEARS ISAMARVEL OFGRACEANDAGILITY)T°SARIGHTGOODTHINGSHEISOVERSTUFFED ANDSORTOF BOUNCES ORTHATRINKWOULDHAVEBEENADEADLOSSPRONTO -EANWHILEABUNCHOFENERGETICHOMBRESHAVECLEAREDTHESTUMPSAND 

BRUSHOFF#ARIBOU(ILL ANDBUILTATOBOGGANSLIDE4HE¹RSTQUARTERMILE AIN°TQUITESTRAIGHTUPANDDOWN THENITºATTENSOUTENOUGHSOYOUCANGET ACOUPLELUNGFULSBEFOREITDROPSRIGHTOUTFROMUNDERYOU*IM3TINK OUR WKLAUNDRYEXPERT SIZESITUPANDSAYS ­7HAFFORLIEONBELLY¬SDAA A A 7ALKAMILEEBACK#LAZY®(EAIN°TSOFARWRONGTHAT (OWEVER MEAND"UCKSHOT¹GUREYOUDON°THAVETOBESTRONGORGRACEFUL TO DO IT SO WE TAKE A FALL OUT OF IT 4HE ¹RST TIME AIN°T SO WORSE SO WE DECIDEDANOTHERWHIRLWON°TDOANYHARM7EAREDOINGABOUTNINETYMILES AN HOUR WHEN ) OPEN MY EYES JUST LONG ENOUGH TO SEE "ILL $AVEY°S PIG AMBLINGACROSSTHETRACK7HEN)OPEN°EMAGAIN $OC2OBINSONISTELLING THECROWDTOSTANDBACKANDGIVEMEAIR"UCKSHOTISSOMEUSEDUPTOO SO FORAWHILEWEJUSTGIVETHESPORTSOURMORALSUPPORT )FWEHADKNEWENOUGHTOKEEPONWITHMORALSUPPORTWEWOULDHAVE SAVEDOURSELVESAHEAPOFGRIEF BUTTHAT°STHETROUBLEWITHUS#ANUCKS¬ NEVERKNOWWHENWEAREBEAT TILLSOMEBODYPOUNDSITINWITHANECKYOKE #LIFF7HITEHASBEEN%AST ANDGOTHIPPEDONSKIING ANDTHROWSAMEAN LINEOFTALK&IRSTTHING HEEDUCATESUSTOCALLINGITSKEEINGANDNOTSKYING 4HENHEHASMEALLPOPPEDUP SO)SEEMYSELFGLIDINGGRACEFULASAEAGLE SOARING GUIDING ºOCKS OF PILGRIMS ALL WINTER AT SO MUCH A GUIDE WHO HAVE ALL QUIT 3WITZERLAND ,AKE 0LACID AND SUCH TWO BIT DUMPS FOR THE WINTERPLAYGROUNDOF!MERICA )SENDFORABOOKALLABOUTIT ANDWHENITCOMESIT°STHEONETHATWAS TRANSLATEDINTOTHE3CANDINAVIAN,ARS,ARSENISCUTTINGCORDWOODWAYTHE OTHERSIDEOF3QUAW-OUNTAIN SO)SNOWSHOEOUT ANDHAVETOPROMISETHE OLDTHUGABOTTLEOFGINANDTOCALLITADAY ANDCOMETOTOWN7HENWE GETTHERE AND)CONFRONTHIMWITHTHEBOOK )¹NDOUTTHATHEPLAYEDIN HARDLUCKINHISYOUTH ANDCAN°TREAD(EHOLDSMETOTHEGINANDDOLLARS THOUGH)TRYTOCOLLECTPARTOFITFROMTHEPUBLICITYFUNDOFTHE#ANADIAN 2OCKY-OUNTAIN7INTER3PORTS!SSOCIATION THEYTAKETHEQUIBBLINGSTAND THAT ) SHOULD HAVE FOUND OUT BEFORE ) LUGGED ,ARS IN TO TOWN (OWEVER THERE°SPLENTYOFPICTURESINTHEBOOKSOWESTUDYTHEM (ALFADOZENOPTIMISTSSENT%ASTFORSKIS ETC AND TENDAYSAFTER THE WHOLE VILLAGE TURNS OUT TO SEE US RIDE °EM "UCKSHOT TRIED TO CINCH HIS ONTOHIGH HEELEDRIDINGBOOTS ANDITJUSTNATURALLYWON°TWORK-E )TRY MOCCASINS AND WHILEIT°SBETTERTHAN"UCK°SRIG MOSTOFTHETIME)HAVE ONEONANDTHEOTHERCOMINGORGOING &ORTHENEXTFEWDAYSTHESUCKINGSKIRUNNERSSNEAKOFFINTOTHEBUSH ANDPRACTICE­INCAMERA®ASTHEPOLICECOURTREPORTSSAY 

)WANTTOGIVEITAMISS BUT#LIFFSINGSHISSIRENSONG ABOUTTHEDEMAND THEREWILLBEFORSKIINGGUIDES AND)STAYWITHIT)T°SAGREATDAYINMYLIFE WHEN)GODOWNTOTHEPOSTOF¹CE STEPPINGLIKE)WASTRAVELLINGONEGGS ANDWITHADEATHGRIPONTHOSEPOLESWITHLITTLEWHEELSONEM ANDTURN ROUNDWITHOUTGOINGALLROUNDTHEBLOCK /NMYWAYBACKTOTHESHACK )MEETA-OUNTIEWHOHASBEENBITTEN BY THE BUG TOO AND HE SAYS ­7HAT°S THE MATTER WITH US TAKING SOME GRUB ANDSKIINGOUTTOTHATDUMPOFYOURSAT3PRAY,AKES!LITTLECROSS COUNTRY PRACTICE IS ALL WE NEED BEFORE WE START LEARNING 4ELEMARKS AND #HRISTIANIAS®­,ISTEN "ULL ®)HORNEDIN ­IFEVER)GETASFARAS3PRAYAND BACKONTHESETHUSANDSO3CANDAHOOVIANSLIPPINGPLANKS )SHALLBEPLUMB SATIS¹EDTORESTONMYWELL EARNEDLAURELSTHERESTOFTHEWINTER4ELEGRAFS AND#HRISTINECANWAITFORALLOFME®%VERYONEINTHESEHILLSKNOWS)°M EASY THOUGH AND)FALLFORANOTHERSESSIONOFEDUCATION )T°STHIRTYMILESFROMTOWNTOMYPLACEAT3PRAY ANDWEDECIDENOTTO RUSH BUTTOTAKETWODAYSEACHWAY MAYBELAYINGOVERADAYATTHE,AKES 4HE"ULLGETSHIMAWEEK°SLEAVE ANDEARLY3ATURDAYMORNINGTHEBANDOF #HRISTIANMARYTRSMEETATMYSHACK%ACHOFUSHASABEDROLLANDAWEEK°S GRUBHUNTONHIM)FEELLIKETHEYOUTHIN%XCELSIORWELEARNEDABOUTIN GRADEFOUR ONLY)WOULDADAMNSIGHTSOONERHAVEPACKEDABANNERTHAN ¹FTYPOUNDSNOTCOUNTINGANAXANDFRYINGPAN)HAVEGOT 0DEJCO@E@J¤PCKPKK=SBQHBADUNTILWEHITTHE¹RSTHILL)T°SSTEEPAND THETRAILMAKESABENDATTHEBOTTOM4HE"ULLTAKESOFF¹RST ANDMAKESIT PRETTYGOOD"UCKSHOTFOLLOWS BUTHISPACKGETSGOINGFASTERTHANHEIS SO HESITSDOWN BYWAYOFPUTTINGONTHEBRAKES)SHOVEOFF ANDPASS"UCK LIKEABATOUTOFHELL BUTCAN°TMAKETHATTURN)TRYSTEMTURNS JUMPTURNS TELEMARKS ANDALOTTHATAIN°TINOURBOOK AND¹NISHINANOSEDIVE WITH KIND OF A TAIL SPIN AND COME TO A PERFECT FOURTEEN POINT LANDING LOSING HIDEONALLFOURTEENOF°EM BELIEVEITORNOT &ROMTHENUNTILDUSKIT°SONELONG DRAWNOUTSESSIONOFSTRUGGLEUPONE SIDE SLIDEDOWNTHEOTHER ANDCRASHATTHEBOTTOM$IDYOUEVERTRYTOGET UPOUTOFABOUTFOURFEETOFSNOW WITH¹FTYPOUNDSONYOURBACK ANAX HANDLEINYOURRIBS ANDAFRYINGPANROUNDYOURNECK !FTERAWHILEWEDON°TEVENCUSS7E°VEUSED°EMALLUP)KNOWDAMNWELL WE COULD HAVE AVERAGED BETTER TIME TRAVELLING ON SNOWSHOES BACKWARDS BUT WE CAME TO SKI AND BY THE SHRIVELED UP HINDQUARTERS OF !STOR°S PET



GOAT WEAREGOINGTOSKI7ECAMPEDTHATNIGHTUNDERABIGOLDSPRUCE ALL OFTENMILESFROMTOWN !FTERWEGOTABIG¹REGOINGANDAQUARTORSOOFTEAINTOUS WECLIMBED INTO OUR SNOOZING SACKS AND TRIED TO SLEEP ) FEEL LIKE )°D BEEN RUNNING THROUGHATHRESHINGMACHINE ANDCAN°TSAY)GOTMUCHSLEEPTHATNIGHT *UDGINGFROMTHEGROANSANDLANGUAGESEEPINGTHROUGHTHEWINTERNIGHT )AIN°TTHEONLYONE !BOUT THREE = I WE ARE FROZE OUT SO STIFF IT TAKES ALL THAT DOGGED DETERMINATION THE SHARPS TELL US MADE #ANADA A GREAT .ATION TO BEND DOWNANDHITCHONTHE.ORWEGIANMANKILLERS%VERYLASTONEOFUSWOULD HAVELIKEDTOHEADHOME BUTWETHINKOFTHEHORSELAUGH ANDDECIDETODIE FORDEAROLD7HATSIT 4HE"ULLHASBLISTERSTHESIZEOFFOUR BITPIECESONBOTHFEET%VERYTIME "UCKSHOTMOVESHECREAKS ANDME THESEATOFMYPANTSISJUSTFOURINCHES FROMTHEGROUND)TBEGINSTOTHAW ANDTHESNOWGETSSTICKY0RETTYSOON WEARENOTONLYSHOVINGTHOSESLEIGHRUNNERS BUTABOUTHALFATONOFGOOEY SNOW WITH °EM 7E HAVEN°T LEARNED ABOUT WAX SO WE PLUG ALONG 4HEN ) DECIDE A LIVE COWARD HAS IT ALL OVER A DEAD HERO LIKE A TENT AND ) TAKE THEBLAMETHINGSOFF TIE°EMTOGETHER SETTHEPACKINTHEMIDDLE ANDBY HOOKINGTHEPOLESTHROUGHTHEHARNESS MAKEASORTOFSLEIGHOFTHEWORKS "YKEEPINGINOURTRACKS )CANJUSTABOUTNAVIGATE 7HENWEDOGETBACKTOTOWNWE°LLTELLTHERESTOFTHEWINTERSPORTSWHAT AWHALEOFATIMEWEHAD ANDMAKEBIGMEDICINEABOUTWHERETHENEXT TRIPWILLBE 7HAT)WANTTOKNOWIS WHATTHENEXTCOMPLICATIONWILLBE.OBODY°S GOINGTOKIDMEINTOHUNTINGSHEEPFROMANAIRPLANE

4HE3PORTSMAN *ANUARY «



six Rams This is one of the “straight pieces.” The language is terse and under control, though a few westernisms creep in: cayuses, for example, and the pragmatic saying, ascribed to “The Indians here, who are mighty hunters,” “Any gun good, shootem good.” The topic, theme and tone are close to his stories written in character as Tex, but the language is correct and fluid— almost bland by comparison. Tex’s gifts of characterization and description come through here, even if there is no scope for his usual irony and gentle mockery. Details concerning the work of an outfitter/guide, such as the stacking of camp materials to hand in case of snow, to facilitate set-up, add a sense of reality and nearness to the material. The details of the hunt itself might interest hunters, given the enormous changes in animal stock, techniques and legal regulations since that time. Here Tex also mentions the ram he shot for the collection of the Smithsonian, meant to represent a normal animal, not a trophy head; this is one of a very few mentions of his long-term relationship with the Smithsonian. —AG





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4HEREISNOHUNTINGLIKETHEHUNTINGOFTHE/VISCANADENSIS By N. Vernon-Wood 0DAO?EAJPEBE?J=IAIS/VISCANADENSIS BUTTOTHEHUNTERSANDGUIDESOF THE#ANADIAN.ORTHWEST THEYAREJUST­RAMS® .ORTHOFTHEMAINLINEOFTHE#ANADIAN0ACI¹C2AILWAY ONTHEEASTERNSLOPES OFTHE2OCKIES THISKINGOFTHEHIGHPLACESREACHESPERFECTION!NATIONAL PARK EMBRACING SOME FOUR THOUSAND SQUARE MILES OF NATURAL BREEDING GROUNDSANDPASTURESINWHICHALLANIMALLIFEISRIGIDLYPROTECTED EXTENDS FROMTHEFOOTHILLSTOTHE'REAT$IVIDE ANDALLNATIVEBIGGAME ESPECIALLY BIG HORN HAVEINCREASEDTOANALMOSTINCREDIBLEEXTENTDURINGTWENTYYEARS OFSTRICTCONSERVATION4HENATURALOVERºOWMAINTAINSACONSTANTSUPPLYOF TROPHIESFORTHEHUNTERINTHETERRITORYADJACENTTOTHEPARK 4HEVILLAGEOF"ANFF IN!LBERTA ISTHEONLYSETTLEMENTOFANYSIZEWITHIN THEPARK ANDFROMHERETHEPACKTRAINSSTRIKEOFFEACHSEASONINTOTHERAM COUNTRY!NOUT¹TLEAVINGTHEVILLAGEISONEOFTHEMOSTPICTURESQUESIGHTS OFTHEMODERN7EST&OLLOWINGTHEGUIDEINSINGLE¹LECOMESASTRINGOF CAYUSES¬BLACKS BAYS BUCKSKINS AND PINTOS¬SHAGGY HOMELY AS SIN BUT SURE FOOTED HARDY AND WISE EACH LOADED WITH AROUND ONE HUNDRED AND¹FTYPOUNDSOFGRUB DUNNAGE ANDCAMPPARAPHERNALIA4HEPILGRIM WITHTHECOOKANDWRANGLERFOLLOW!LLVISITORSAREDIVIDEDINTOTHREEPARTS LIKEANCIENT'AUL­TOURISTS ®­TINCANNERS ®AND­PILGRIMS®!NYOLDVISITOR IS A TOURIST PROVIDED HE OR SHE COMES BY TRAIN 4HE TIN CANNERS EXPLAIN THEMSELVES BUTASSOONASONEMOUNTSACAYUSEANDTAKESTOTHEHILLSWITH



ANOUT¹T TOHUNT ¹SH CLIMB ORJUSTLOAF THENHEORSHEBECOMESAPILGRIM ANDASSUCHISACCEPTEDINTOTHEINNERCIRCLE 4HREE OR FOUR DAYS° TRAVEL THROUGH A LAND OF PEAKS GLACIERS GEMLIKE LAKES ANDTUMBLINGSTREAMSBRINGSTHEOUT¹TTOTHERAMCOUNTRY!LPINE MEADOWSWELLABOVETIMBERLINE¬WHICHISHEREATANALTITUDEOF FEET ¬BROKEN BY ALMOST INACCESSIBLE LEDGES ARE THE FAVORED HAUNT OF THE BIG FELLOWS(EREONWIND SWEPTSLIDESANDGRASSYBENCHES SHEEP STAG ELK ANDMOOSEHOLDFORTHUNTILTHESNOWSOFLATEFALLDRIVETHEANTLEREDBEASTS DOWNTOTHESHELTEROFTHEFOREST BUTTHERAMSREMAIN HIGHONTHERIDGES WHERESNOWDOESNOTACCUMULATETOANYGREATEXTENT -OSTGUIDESHAVETHEIRFAVORITEPLACESINWHICHTOESTABLISHTHEHUNTING CAMP 0ASTURAGE FOR THE PACK STRING WOOD AND WATER AND PROXIMITY TO TIMBERLINEARETHEPRIMEREQUISITES/FTENTHESAMESPOTISUSEDYEARAFTER YEAR7HENYOUARRIVEATSUCHACAMPTHETENTANDTEPEEPOLESWILLBEFOUND CAREFULLY STACKED AGAINST A LARGE TREE SO THAT THEY WILL BE IN PLAIN SIGHT IN THE EVENT OF ARRIVING DURING OR AFTER A SNOWSTORM AND THERE WILL BE WOOD PILEDUNDERTHEOVERHANGINGBRANCHESOFASPRUCE THATA¹REMAY BESTARTEDQUICKLY =ILI=GEJCWHEREEVERYMANHASHISJOBANDDOESIT TAKESASURPRISINGLY SHORTTIME4HECOOKTENT INWHICHTHECOLLAPSIBLESTOVEISERECTED ISTHE¹RST CONSIDERATION7HILEOTHERTENTSORTEPEESAREBEINGPITCHED THEWRANGLER STRIPS THE PONIES OF SADDLES AND BLANKETS AND PILES ALL EQUIPMENT IN AN ORDERLYHEAPWHICHISCOVEREDBYTHECANVASPACKMANTLES ASAPROTECTION AGAINSTBOTHWEATHERANDTHENOCTURNALPORCUPINE7HATAPORKYCANDOTO ANUNPROTECTEDSADDLEINTHECOURSEOFANIGHTISACRIME-EANWHILE THE COOKHASBEENDOINGHISSTUFF ANDBEFOREYOUREALIZEITAMEALISPREPARED ­#OME AN° GET IT OR )°LL CHUCK IT TO THE MOOSES ® IS AN INVITATION TO DROP EVERYTHINGANDGATHERROUND /NE°S¹RSTGLIMPSEOF/CANADENSIS GRACEANDPOISEINEVERYLINEOFHIM HEADHELDREGALLY STANDINGNONCHALANTLYONTHEEDGEOFASHEERCHASM IS ASIGHTFORTHEGODS)HAVEHUNTEDHIMOVERAPERIODOFTWENTYYEARS AND STILLNOTHINGCANTHRILLMEASTHESIGHTOFSHEEP2AMS WHILESTATIONARY ARENOTEASYTODISTINGUISH SOBEAUTIFULLYDOTHEYBLENDWITHTHELIMESTONE CLIFFSANDTHEAUTUMNALCOLOROFTHEVEGETATION/NLYWHENONSNOW¹ELDS OR SILHOUETTED ON THE SKY LINE DO THEY SHOW PLAINLY AND THE NOVICE WILL REQUIREQUITEABITOFPRACTICETOSPOTTHEMEASILY ! MATURE ANIMAL WEIGHS FROM  TO  POUNDS AND STANDS AROUND 

FORTYINCHESATTHESHOULDER,OOKINGOVERSOMENOTES )¹NDTHATTHERAM WHICH ) KILLED FOR THE 3MITHSONIAN )NSTITUTE TO BE PLACED IN A GROUP AS REPRESENTATIVEOFANAVERAGESHEEP HADANOVERALLLENGTHOFSIXTYINCHES 4HECURLOFTHEHORNMEASUREDTHIRTY SIXINCHES)TWASNOTALARGEHEAD BUT JUSTWHATHEWASTOREPRESENT ANAVERAGERAM 4HE LARGEST HEAD ON RECORD AS FAR AS ) KNOW WAS KILLED IN THE "ANFF DISTRICT ANDHEHADACURLOFFORTY NINEANDTHREEQUARTERINCHESONTHE RIGHT HORN AND FORTY EIGHT ON THE LEFT 4HE RUNNER UP ALSO CAME FROM NORTH OF "ANFF AND GOES FORTY SEVEN AND ¹VE EIGHTS AND FORTY ¹VE AND A HALFRESPECTIVELY4RULYNOBLETROPHIES 4HEFRESHLY SKINNEDHEAD WITHCAPEATTACHED WILLWEIGH¹FTYPOUNDS QUITE ENOUGHTOBACK PACKDOWNAMOUNTAIN AFTERASTRENUOUSDAY°SSTALKING 7HENTHEPOINTSOFTHEHORNSDONOTREACHTHELEVELOFTHEEYES DON°T SHOOT BUTLOOKFORANOTHERANDWORTHIERTROPHY7HEN HOWEVER THE­CURL® HASREACHEDTHEEYE THEHEADBEGINSTOBEWORTHWHILE ANDTHISISTHEBASIS USEDBYMOSTGUIDESINSIZINGUPAPROSPECTIVESHOT !LMOST WITHOUT EXCEPTION THE TIPS OF THE HORNS ON MATURE RAMS ARE RUBBED AND BROKEN FREQUENTLY FOUR OR MORE INCHES BEING MISSING 4HE POPULAR EXPLANATION FOR THIS IS THAT THE POINTS ARE BROKEN DURING THE ANNUAL¹GHTINGOFTHERUTTINGSEASON0ERSONALLY )DONOTAGREEWITHTHIS 7HEN¹GHTING THEIMPACTISTAKENONTHECURLJUSTABOVETHEBASE ANDIN THATPOSITIONITISIMPOSSIBLEFORTHETIPSTOCOMETOGETHER-OREOVER )DO NOTTHINKTHATEVENTWOGROWNRAMS ¹GHTINGASENTHUSIASTICALLYASTHEY DO COULDCOMETOGETHERWITHENOUGHFORCETOBREAKTHEHORNS4HEMORE REASONABLE EXPLANATION IS THAT SHEEP THEMSELVES RUB THE POINTS BECAUSE OFINTERFERENCEWITHTHEVISION)HAVEWATCHEDTHEMWORKINGONTHEROCKS RUBBINGANDPRYINGINANENDEAVORTOSHORTENTHEPOINTSTOAPLACEBELOW THEEYES/CCASIONALLYONE¹NDSAHEADWITHASWEEPINGCURL BRINGINGTHE HORNSWELLFORWARDOFTHELINEOFVISION(ERETHEREHASBEENNOINCENTIVE TORUB ANDAPERFECTHEADISTHERESULT 4HE ºESH OF MOUNTAIN SHEEP IS DELICIOUS MOST MOUNTAIN MEN AGREE THATITISTHE¹NESTOFANYGAMEMEAT4HESKINISPRACTICALLYUSELESSTHE HAIR LIKETHATOFTHEDEERSPECIES ISHARDANDBRITTLE$ON°TEVERMAKETHE MISTAKEOFHAVINGASKINTANNEDWITHTHEHAIRON THINKINGITWILLMAKEA RUGFORTHEDEN)NABOUTTWOWEEKSYOUWILL¹NDSHEEPHAIRINTHEMORNING COFFEE ANDEVENTUALLYYOUWILLHAVETOSNEAKOUTSOMEDARKNIGHTANDTHROW THETHINGOVERTHEBRIDGE IFYOUVALUEPEACEINTHEHOME &ORKEENNESSOFVISION SCENT ANDHEARINGTHERAMSTANDSUNSURPASSED 


THE SIGHT ESPECIALLY SEEMS TO BE ABSOLUTELY TELESCOPIC 4HE SLIGHTEST MOVEMENT EVENATGREATDISTANCES ISINSTANTLYDETECTED SOTHAT WITHTHE DIF¹CULTIESOFTHETERRAINADDEDTOTHEELUSIVENESSOFTHEGAME ASUCCESSFUL STALKISNOMEANACHIEVEMENT 2AMS HAVE A WEAKNESS HOWEVER WHICH THE EXPERIENCED HUNTER WILL WORK TO HIS ADVANTAGE WHERE POSSIBLE 7ITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE EAGLE WHICHTAKESHISTOLLOFYOUNGLAMBS ALLENEMIESOFTHEMOUNTAINSHEEP COME FROM BELOW %RGO IF HUMANLY POSSIBLE APPROACH HIM FROM ABOVE EVENIFTHISMEANSACIRCUITOFSEVERALMILES)NHISPRIDEASMONARCHOFTHE CRAGS HESEEMSTOTHINKTHATASLONGASHEKEEPSTHELOWERSLOPESUNDER OBSERVATION HE IS INVULNERABLE 7HEN ALARMED HE WILL ALMOST INVARIABLY CLIMB ANOTHER TRAIT THAT THE HUNTER CAN OFTEN WORK TO HIS ADVANTAGE ) REMEMBER WHILE HUNTING WITH #OLONEL 7EEMS TOPPING OUT ON A LONG RIDGE"ELOWUS BUTOUTOFRANGEFORANYTHINGBUTAVERYLUCKYSHOT WERE SIXORSEVENRAMS FEEDINGQUIETLY)TWASIMPOSSIBLETODESCENDTHEOTHER SLOPE BECAUSEOFTHEGENERALSTEEPNESSANDLACKOFCOVER)TOLDTHECOLONEL THAT)WOULD¹REASHOTORTWOINTHEGENERALDIRECTIONOFTHEBUNCH AND THATINALLPROBABILITYTHEYWOULDCLIMB)TDIDN°TMAKEMUCHOFAHITWITH HIM BUTASITWASHISONLYCHANCEOFGETTINGASHOTATTHATBUNCHHEAGREED TOTRYANYTHINGONCE)MOVEDAFEWHUNDREDYARDSALONGTHECRESTOFTHE RIDGE ANDOPENED¹RE!TTHE¹RSTREPORT THERAMSBUNCHEDUP APPARENTLY ATALOSSASTOWHATTODOABOUTIT4HESECONDREPORTSTARTEDTHEM ANDBY THEGOODLUCKTHATSOMETIMESDOESATTENDAGUIDE THEYCLIMBEDSTRAIGHT FORTHECOLONEL(EKILLEDHISRAM ATABOUT¹FTYYARDS /P=HGEJCN=IOHOWEVER ISNOTASIMPLEMATTEROFGETTINGABOVEABUNCH SELECTINGYOURTROPHY ANDRETURNINGTOCAMPINTRIUMPH!NEVER PRESENT SOURCEOFGRIEFISTHEWIND7HILEINTHEVALLEYITMAYBEBLOWINGSTEADILY FROMTHEWEST ASSOONASONEREACHESTHEHIGHERSLOPESANDRIDGESITCOMES FROMEVERYPOINT)TSWIRLSANDEDDIESLIKETHERAPIDSOFSTREAMS!SUDDEN CHANGEINTEMPERATURECAUSESADOWNDRAFT ANDACLIFFTURNSITFROMWEST TOEAST9OURRAM AMILEAWAYANDOUTOFSIGHT CATCHESAWHIFFOFMANAND GOES FROM HERE TO THERE WITH CELERITY OFTEN PUTTING TWO RANGES BETWEEN HIMSELFANDTHELEDGEWHEREYOULASTSAWHIM ANDAFTERSTALKINGCAREFULLY YOU¹NDNOTHING !GAIN A POSITION MAY BE ATTAINED WELL ABOVE BUT TOO FAR AWAY FOR A REASONABLE SHOT #OVER IS SCARCE AND AFTER WHAT SEEMS HOURS OF LYING IN WAIT HOPINGHEWILLFEEDUPWARDS AMARMOTSPIESYOU ANDIMMEDIATELY 

WITHTHATPIERCINGWHISTLEOFHIS ALARMSEVERYLIVINGBEASTWITHINSOUND/R JUSTASYOUTHINKEVERYTHINGISGOINGTOWORKPERFECTLY AYOUNGRAMWITHA TWENTY INCHHEAD WHOHASBEENFEEDINGHIDDENBYAFOLDONTHEHILLSIDE WALKS INTO VIEW (E DASHES AWAY WITH A CLATTER OF LOOSE SHALE AND YOUR QUARRYIMMEDIATELYDOESLIKEWISE NOTSTANDINGONTHEORDEROFHISGOING !LLTHISADDSTOTHEDELIGHTOFTHEHUNT ANDWHENSUCCESSCROWNSONE°S EFFORTSTHEKNOWLEDGETHATNOEASYTROPHYHASBEENSECUREDADDSMUCHTO ONE°SSATISFACTION 3DAJ HA=REJC ?=IL TO STALK RAMS TAKE NO UNESSENTIALS ALONG 2IºE AMMUNITION AND THE CLOTHING WORN WILL BE ENOUGH TO CARRY OVER SLIDE SHALE CLIFF ANDROCKFACE )TISNOTMYINTENTIONTOSUGGESTTHETYPEOFRIºE%VERYMANTOHISTASTE 4HE )NDIANS HERE WHO ARE MIGHTY HUNTERS HAVE THIS SAYING ­!NY GUN GOOD SHOOTEMGOOD®$ONOT THOUGH DOASSOMANYHUNTERSDO¬LEAVE THESIGHTINGINOFANEWGUNUNTILYOUAREINTHEGAMECOUNTRY OR WORSE STILL TAKEITFORGRANTEDTHATTHESIGHTINGWASDONEATTHEMAKER°S )NTHEMATTEROFCLOTHING USEWOOLENUNDERWEAR SOTHATTHEBODYSWEAT WILL BE ABSORBED WITHOUT LEAVING A CLAMMY AND COLD RAG NEXT YOUR SKIN 7EARGOODCLIMBINGBOOTS WELLNAILED ANDTWOPAIRSOFWOOLENSOCKSTO CUSHIONTHEFEETAGAINSTROCKS4AKEANEXTRASWEATERINTHERUCKSACK FOR LUNCHTIMEANDWHILEYOURGUIDEISSKINNING4HEWINDSOFAUTUMNATTHIS ALTITUDEARE TOSAYTHELEAST FRESH ANDAFTERTHECLIMBYOUWILLUNDOUBTEDLY BE HEATED ! HAT WITH WIDE BRIM IS A PROTECTION FROM SUN AND WILL ALSO KEEPRAINFROMTRICKLINGDOWNTHEBACKOFYOURNECK+HAKIORDEADGRASS COLORS OFCOURSE 4HEENDOFTHEDAYWILLPROBABLY¹NDYOUSOMEMILESFROMCAMP DOG TIRED AND HUNGRY !FTER WHAT SEEMS HOURS OF SLOGGING THROUGH FALLEN TIMBER MUSKEG ORWHATNOT ATLASTTHEºICKEROFACAMP¹RETHROUGHTHE TREES4HENTHEODOROFCOFFEE 4HEEVENINGMEALOVER AFTERAPIPEBYTHECRACKLINGCAMP¹REANDSOME TALKOFTHISANDTHAT CAMPBECOMESSILENT!SYOULIEINYOURSLEEPINGBAG LISTENINGTOTHEFAINTTINKLEOFTHEHORSEBELL THEDISTANTHOOTOFANOWL ANDTHEEVER PRESENTMUSICOFRUNNINGSTREAMS WHETHERORNOTTHEDAYHAS BEENCROWNEDBYSUCCESS YOUWILLDECIDE ASSOMANYGOODSPORTSMENHAVE DONE THATTHEREISNOHUNTINGLIKETHEHUNTINGOFRAMS

4HE3PORTSMAN !PRIL « 

seven Tepee Tales The framing device in this story is rather different from the others. The author puts himself in the position of a client from New York, with his wife, who solicits hunting stories from “Jim and Buck,” who are happy to oblige. The Buck character clearly stands in for Tex, with his experience of guiding a party from New York for over twenty years, as Tex did. Tex’s virtuosity as a story-teller comes through here too, in his impersonation of a character significantly more grizzled and less tempted than he was to intersperse erudite Latinisms and Latin puns, Scriptural allusions or other language games into a “mountain man” narrative. The fact that he is able credibly to frame the story this way, himself playing the urbane narrator, suggests a good deal about the ambivalence of his actual position vis-à-vis his colleagues and his customers in the mountains. —AG



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THENMAKEAPLUNGE HITALITTLELEDGEAN°BOUNDOUTINTONOTHINGATALL THEN CRASH A HUNDRED FEET STRAIGHT DOWN )T STRUCK A SECOND AND THEN ROLLED SLOWLYINTOACREVICEOUTOFSIGHT-AN OHMAN YOUCOULDHAVEBOUGHTME FORALEADDIME ­)HIGH TAILEDFORCAMP AN°GOTALARIAT TELLINGTHEBISCUITBUILDERTOGET ANOTHERAN°OOZEOUTAFTERME NOTLETTINGTHEOLDCHIEFCATCHON4HENWE TOREUPTHESLIDELIKETWOCATSTHATHADBEENSHOTINTHETAILBYBOOT JACKS 7E ¹GURED WE MIGHT BY THE GRACE OF 'OD GET TO WHERE WE COULD ROPE OURSELVESDOWNTOTHECREVICE ANDDOWHATLITTLESEEMEDWOULDWANTDOIN° )KNEWTHATNOMANCOULDMAKETHATFALLANDBEWORTHANYTHINGTOANYBODY EXCEPT AN UNDERTAKER 7E WENT UP PLACES WE WOULD HAVE BEEN DIZZY ON INCOLDBLOOD&INALLY WEHADTOHANGUPAMINUTETO¹GUREOUTJUSTHOW TOGETFROMHERETOTHERE ANDSUDDENLYREMEMBERED WEHADAWRANGLER SOMEWHERE ONTHATMOUNTAIN)LETAHOLLER OUTOFME AND HEANSWERED FROMABOVE ANDNOTSOFARWAY ALTHOUGHWECOULDN°TSEEEACHOTHER4HEN IMAGINEHOWBRIGHTOLDWORLDLOOKEDWHENWEHEARDOURYOUNGPILGRIM YELL ¯#ANWEGETDOWNTOYOU "UCK° ­¯(ELL°S BELLS NO 'ET TO BLAZES BACK UP AN° COME DOWN THE LONG HOG BACKONTHEEASTEND!N°WHATTHETHUSAN°SOYOUTWODAMNFOOLSTHINK YOUDOINGANYWAY°4HEREAIN°TENOUGHWORDSINOROUTOFOLD7EBSTER°S MASTERPIECE TO DO JUSTICE TO JUST HOW ) FELT !LSO BY THE TIME OLD GREASY AN°)HAVEGOTBACKTOWHEREWEDON°THAVETOHANGONBYOUR¹NGERNAILS ANDEYEBROWS WEHAVEINVENTEDQUITESOMENEWONES,ONGAFTERDARKOUR HEROESDRAGTHEIRTAILSINTOCAMP AN°WEGETTHEDETAILS ­*USTAFTERTHEYLEFTCAMPTHESPOTTEDAHERDUPTOHELLAN°GONEONTHE CLIFFS AN°DECIDEDTOBUSTTHEMONE!FTERALOTOFHARDGOING THEYPLASTER ABILLY BUTHESLIPSOVERACOUPLEOFLEDGES AN°ITTAKESTHEMQUITESOMETO TIMETOLOCATEHIM.OTBEINGVERYEXPERTATSKINNINGTHEYDECIDETOTAKE PLENTYOFHIDEWITHTHEHEAD ANDLETME¹NISHTHEJOBWHENTHEYGOTTO CAMP.EPHEWMAKESAPACKOFITANDTHESHIRT FASTENSHISCARTRIDGEBELT AROUNDIT ANDTHEYDECIDETHEYCANGETDOWNWITHOUTGOINGWAYROUNDTHE EASYROUTE4HEGOINGOFCOURSEGETSWORSEANDNOBETTER ANDATLASTTHEY HAVETOHANDTHEHIDEANDRIºETOEACHOTHERASONEPASSESTHEOTHERAND GETSSET7HAT)SAWWASTHEWRANGLERHANDINGITDOWNTOOURPILGRIMAND BOTHOF°EMSORTOFFUMBLINGTHEJOB SOAWAYITWENTANDWHAT)THOUGHT WASNEPHEWINTHESWEATSHIRTWASTHEHIDEOFTHATDEFUNCTBILLY ­)CUSSEDTHEPAIROF°EMOUTPLENTYAN°)GUESSTHATSHIRT BELT ANDHIDE



ARESTILLINTHECREVICE AN°IFANYBODYWANTSITTHEYCANGOGETIT)AIN°TLOST ANYTHINGAROUNDTHERE ME® *OEGRINNED ANDTURNINGTO"UCKSAID ­2EMEMBERHOWTHEPRICEOFFUR WENTUPIN°7ELL )WASSORTOFFOOT LOOSETHATFALL4HE!RMYWOULDN°T TAKEME ONACCOUNTOFTHEMTOES)FROZEOFFCOMINGINFROMTHE2ED$EER THEWINTERBEFORE SO)¹GURED)MIGHTASWELLRUNMEATRAPLINE)WENT ONTOTHE3IMPSONAND¹XEDUPTHATOLDCABINATTHEFORKS ANDRUNOUTA FEW LOADS OF GRUB AND TRAPS BEFORE THE SNOW ºEW "Y THE TIME ) HAD GOT ORGANIZED ANDAPILEOFWORDCUT ANDTHELINERUN WINTERWASONUSWITH AWHOOPANDHOLLER4HINGSWENTGOODRIGHTFROMTHESTART ­/NEMORNING)FOUNDAPIPPINOFASTEEL BLUELYNXINTHE¹RSTSET AND NOT WISHING TO SPOIL HIS HIDE BY SHOOTING HIM WITH THE  ) TOOK OFF A SNOWSHOEANDRAPPEDHIMOVERTHENOSEWITHIT(ESORTOFKICKEDOVERAND )TOOKHISFOOTOUTOFTHETRAP ANDWENTTORESETTINGIT!LYNXISFUNNYABOUT TRAPS'ETHIMBYTWOTOES ANDHEPLANTSRIGHTTHERE!COYOTEORWOLVERINE WOULDTEARTHINGSALLTOHELLANDGETOUT BUTTHECATSQUITCOLD!NYWAY WHILE)AMWORKINGONTHETRAP )SEEOUTOFTHECORNEROFMYEYEPUSSGET UPANDSTAGGERFORTHETIMBER4HATWASGETTINGOUTOFTHERE SO)MAKE AºYINGLEAPANDGRABHIMBYTHESCUFFOFTHENECKANDREACHFORMYGUN ANDBEATHIMOVERTHEHEADWITHIT(EDIESAGAIN AND)¹NISHTHETRAP PICK HIMUPBYAFRONTANDHINDLEG ANDSLINGHIMOVERMYSHOULDERS ¹GURING TOTAKEHIMTOTHESHACKANDSKINWHEREIT°SWARM ­)°VEJUSTGOTINSIGHTOFTHECABINWHENTHATBOBTAILEDHELLIONCOMETOLIFE AGAIN ANDLETOUTASNARLRIGHTINMYEAR ANDREACHEDROUNDWITHHISFREE FRONTPAWANDRIPPEDMY-ACKINAWRIGHTUPTHEFRONT4HAT°SANOTHERTIME WHEN)AIN°TSCARED IFYOUDON°TCAREWHATYOUSAY)HEAVEDTHATLYNXFORTY FEETUPINTHEAIRANDTHENPILEDONHIMAGAIN4HISTIME THOUGH )SATIN THEMIDDLEOFHIMTILL)GOTMYGUNUNLIMBEREDANDSHOTHIMATARANGEOF ABOUTTWOINCHES9OUWOULDHAVETHOUGHTITWASAMOOSEYARDWHEREWE FOUGHTTHELASTBATTLE¬TENACRESOFSNOWTRAMPEDANDROLLEDPLUMBºAT)T°S LIKE"UCKSAYS AMANCANGETPLENTYSCARED® 4OWHICH"UCKADDED ­)°MSCAREDRIGHTNOW THATIFYOUGUYSDON°TGET OFFMYBEDAN°LETMEGRABALITTLESLEEPWEWON°TGETBREAKFASTBEFOREWE BREAKCAMPTOMORROW®

4HE3PORTSMAN 3EPTEMBER «AND



eight An Early Ski Attempt on Mt. Ptarmigan This article about the first ski attempt in the Canadian Rockies was written for The Canadian Alpine Journal, the official journal of the Alpine Club of Canada (acc) since 1907. For many years, The Canadian Alpine Journal was the principal place where important landmarks in mountaineering in Canada or by Canadians who were members of the acc were described and recorded. The purpose of these articles was to provide documentation about new routes, as well as provide evidence (sometimes contested by other Club members) of important and difficult ascents. At this time, the acc was a scientific organization as well as a serious mountaineering club, and so Tex did not write this article in his Tex persona, but as the educated (even slightly Romantic) Nello Vernon-Wood who rhapsodizes about the beauty of the peaks even as he tells us their precise heights. It is worth contrasting this story with “Us Winter Sports,” where Tex pokes fun at his poor skiing (presumably he was a better skier than this if he was in the climbing party) and is suspicious about the building of a ski lodge. There is no evidence of that comedy here about similar events, and so this article demonstrates how completely Tex/Nello could adopt a convincing writing persona and see the world through those eyes. —JR





J!=NHU/GEPPAILP KJ)P ,P=NIEC=J

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(ERE CONDITIONS APPROXIMATED THE BEST OF %UROPEAN SKI CENTRES SLOPES ON WHICH THE NOVICE MAY TRY HIS °PRENTICE HAND OPEN ALPLANDS SPRUCE ¹LLED VALLEYS 4HE EXPERT HAS AN ALMOST UNLIMITED CHOICE OF SLOPES AND HAZARDS WHERE GREAT SPEEDS AND LIGHTNING TURNS MAY BE EXECUTED 4HE VALLEYISDOMINATEDBYTHE0TARMIGANMASSIF0TARMIGANPEAKRISES  FEET 2ICHARDSON  AND0IKA  4HENORTHERNSLOPESAREGLACIER HUNG WITHASTUPENDOUSICE FALLTERMINATINGINASMALLUNNAMEDLAKEOF SURPRISINGBEAUTY 7HILE ENGAGED IN BUILDING THE LOG CABINS WHICH CONSTITUTE THE CAMP THE GROUP OFTEN PAUSED TO GAZE AT THE TEMPTING SLOPES AND DISCUSS THE FEASIBILITYOFASKIASCENTOF0TARMIGAN0OSSIBLEROUTESWERESURVEYEDWITH THEAIDOF¹ELDGLASSES ANDITBECAMEATACITUNDERSTANDINGTHATSOONTHE ATTEMPTWOULDSIMPLYHAVETOBEMADE 3PRINGHADCOMETOTHELOWERVALLEYSBEFORETHEMULTITUDINOUSDUTIESOF CAMPBUILDINGWEREDISPOSEDOF#ONVERSELY SNOWCONDITIONSATTHEHIGHER ALTITUDESHADIMPROVED!CORNICETHATOVERHUNGAPOSSIBLEROUTEFELLUNDER THEACCUMULATEDWEIGHTOFSPRINGSNOW4HEINCREASINGPOWEROFTHESUN THAWINGALITTLEBYDAY MADEACRUSTWHICHVASTLYIMPROVEDSKITRAVEL AND ATLASTON-AYTH THEPARTYLEFTTHECABINTOATTEMPTTHE¹RSTSKI ASCENTYETATTEMPTED INTHE#ANADIAN2OCKIES 4HEALTITUDEOFCAMPISAROUNDFEET ANDFROMITTHEVALLEYºOOR ASCENDSGRADUALLYTOTHEFOOTOFACLIFF ONTOPOFWHICHLIESTHENAMELESS LAKE4HEGOINGWASEASYAND THELAKECROSSED APAUSEWASMADETOCOME TOA¹NALDECISIONASTOROUTE4HEEASIERSLOPESSWINGWESTERLYFROMTHE APEXOFTHEFANOFTHELOWERGLACIER/NEXAMINATIONTHISPROVEDTOBEIN DANGEROFAVALANCHE4HEMOREDIF¹CULTCLIMB UNDERTHECLIFFSTHATBREAK THE CENTRE OF THE ICE¹ELD PROVED THE SAFER )N AN EVER SHORTENING SERIES OFTRAVERSESTHEPOINTWASREACHED ANDTHEONLYREALLYDANGEROUSPARTOF THE ASCENT BEGAN 4HE ROPE ADJUSTED PROCEEDING SINGLY EACH MEMBER OFTHEPARTYNEGOTIATEDASHEERSLOPEINASERIESOFSIDESTEPSTOANARROW LEDGE JUSTWIDEENOUGHFORSKIS LEADINGTOTHEICE FALLOFTHEMIDDLEARM OFTHEGLACIER,ATERINTHEYEARTHISFALLISBADLYCREVASSED BUTATTHISTIME AN ACCUMULATION OF SNOW FROM THE UPPER ICE¹ELDS HAD ¹LLED OR BRIDGED PASSESASPPASSNAME$ECEPTION0ASSACCESSED&EBRUARY   /RIGINALNOTE­4HEIDEATHATTHISWASTHE¹RSTSKIASCENTATTEMPTEDHASGAINEDWIDE CURRENCY.IALL2ANKIN INHISARTICLE­3KI INGINTHE#ANADIAN2OCKIES®INTHE"RITISH3KI 9EAR"OOK  REPEATSTHISERROR&ORSOMEPRIORSKICLIMBSSEETHE#!*6OLSTETAND TT%DITOR ®



THEM4HESLOPEISVERYSTEEPAMISSTEPMEANTANACCIDENTIFNOTATRAGEDY &ORTUNATELY A FEW INCHES OF NEW POWDERY SNOW OVERLAY THE HARD SURFACE PROVIDINGIDEALFOOTINGFORSKIS!TTHEENDOFEACHTRAVERSESKIPOLESHADTO BEDRIVENREVERSEDINTOTHESNOWTOPROVIDEASAFEANCHORAGEWHILETURNING BYMEANSOFTHE­KICK® "Y NOON THE COL BETWEEN 0TARMIGAN AND 0IKA HAD BEEN REACHED AND A PAUSE FOR LUNCH ON AN EXPOSED SCREE SLOPE WAS WELCOMED 4O THE LEFT THE UNDULATING STREAM OF THE UPPER GLACIER SWEPT ON TO THE SUMMIT .O CREVASSES APPEARED AND WITH THE EXCEPTION OF A BROKEN RIDGE ABOUT HALF WAYNOGREATDIF¹CULTYAPPEARED2ESTEDANDREFRESHED SKISADJUSTED THE ¹NALSERIESOFLONGSWINGSCOMMENCED!STHEPEAKCAMEINTOFULLVIEW THEDISAPPOINTINGFACTWASREVEALED THATTHE¹NALFEETWEREBAREOFSNOW ANDACOMPLETESKIASCENTIMPOSSIBLE!TTHREE THIRTYTHESNOWLIMITWAS REACHED ANDNOTHINGFURTHERWOULDBEACCOMPLISHEDBYSCRAMBLINGOVER THEROCKS4HEANEROIDREGISTEREDEXACTLY FEET ANDINACYCLORAMA OFTITANICMAGNITUDE AHALTWASCALLED 4OTHENORTHWASTHE,AKE,OUISEGROUP 4EMPLE 4EN0EAKS ,EFROYAND 6ICTORIA GLACIERHUNGANDMAJESTIC4HEVALLEYOFTHE"OWWASIMMEDIATELY BELOWWITHITSWATERSVISIBLEHEREANDTHERE ºOWINGEASTERLY TODRAINAT LASTIN(UDSON ; SIC="AY!LITTLETOTHEWESTTHE+ICKING(ORSE BREAKING THROUGHTHEFAMOUSPASSOFTHATNAME HURRIEDTOTHEPACI¹C3OUTHWARD THE$OUGLASESGUARDEDTHEPORTALSOFTHE2ED$EERVALLEY4HEWORLDSEEMED SNOW COVEREDANDSILENT!BROODINGCALM ACCENTUATEDOCCASIONALLYBYTHE ROAROFADISTANTAVALANCHE 4HESUNWASSINKINGRAPIDLYWESTWARD ANDAT FEET EVENIN-AY FREEZING BEGINS ALMOST THE INSTANT THE SHADOWS APPEAR 4HE RETURN TRAIL WOULDBEICYUNLESSANIMMEDIATESTARTWASMADE SOWITHALASTEYE¹LLING GLANCE THE ­RIDE® DOWN BEGAN !ND WHAT A RIDE
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nine Pipestone Letters No. 1 This is the first of a series of “Pipestone Letters” running through May of 1937. The Pipestone Creek comes down from Pipestone Canyon high in the Rockies, and is now in Banff National Park. In Tex’s day, it was outside Park boundaries and one of his primary hunting grounds, where he had a cabin. The main fun in this piece is directed against a prospective customer, McPhee, who wastes Tex’s time and his own with frivolous correspondence. But as in “William, Prepare my Barth,” expectations of correct masculine behaviour while in the mountains shape the tone and content of the rest of this piece. The client arrives in “what the well-dressed club man is wearing” (by “club man,” he meant the aristocratic and wanna-be aristocratic drones who frequented—and in a few places, still do frequent—gentleman’s clubs). He needs some rough handling to make him shape up to expectations. Tex has to taunt him when he flags as they approach some game. Tex’s slender physique has already been mentioned, even questioned, by the client, and now, in response to Tex’s genderloaded question why he didn’t just come in summertime instead, to “pick posies and hunt butterflies,” the client responds to both Tex’s less-thanperfectly-masculine body and to his gendered insult: “By the red eyed old Jeehosophat, you slabsided long drink of pump water, if you can make it, I can.” The client ends up “the dirtiest man between the Crow’s Nest [Pass] and the Saskatchewan [River].” This dirt and his success in hunting signal his successful attainment of “mountain masculinity.” —AG





,ELAOPKJA(APPANO*K 

By N. Vernon-Wood 4O-R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET .9



¬7"2ANCH 0IPESTONE#REEK !LBERTA #ANADA

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THATBIRDSENT ANINTHEEND HETOOKAMOTORTRIPTHROUGHTHE2OCKIES INA CARTHATHADEVERYTHINGONITBUTTHEKITCHENSINK ) ASKED ANOTHER .EW 9ORKER WHO COME UP THAT YEAR IF HE KNEW -C 0HEEL ­3HURE ®HESAYS ­(EMADEAWADOFMONEYRETIREDAYEARORSO BACK (E HASNT MANY FRIENDS OR MUCH TO OCCUPY HIS TIME SO HE WRITES HIMSELFALETTERFROMTHE,OTUS#LUB ANDADDRESSESITTOTHE2ITZ4HENHE HIGHTAILSTOTHE2ITZ ANDASKSFORHISMAIL GALLOPSOVERTOTHE9ALE#LUB ANDANSWERESIT®"YTHEHANDCARVEDHORNSOF!STORSPETGOAT )BETTHATS TRUE AN-ACHADPICKEDONMETOSORTOF¹LLOUTSPARETIMEWITH )GETABANGOUTOFTRYINTO¹GUREWHATKINDOFCAMPMATEAGUYWILL MAKE FROMTHELETTERSHEWRITES AND)BETALLYOU$UDESDOTHESAME WHEN YOUREADTHELINEWEPEDDLETRYINTOCOAXYOUOUTHERETOSHOWYOULASTYEARS %LKTRACKS!NLOTSOFTIMESWEBOTHGETFOOLED 3EEMSTOME MOSTCITYGUYSPICTUREAGUIDEASEITHERABOWLEGGEDEX COWPOKE FULLOFHARDLIKKERANCUSSWORDS ORELSEALUMBERJACK THREE AXEHANDLESANAPLUGOFSPITTINTOBACCOBETWEENTHEEYES ANWEGENERALLY EXPECTA0ILGRIMTOBEWASHIN 3HAVING ANDCLEANINGHISNAILS WHENHE OUGHTTOBESCRAMBLINGUPASLIDETOTRYANDBUSTABEAR % >KKGA@ = ODAAL DQJP ONE TIME WITH A FELLER THAT SAID HE HAD DONE CONSIDERABLE HUNTIN IN -AINE .EW "RUNSWICK AND SUCH AND HE DIDN°T WANTANYFRILLS*USTTHESORTOFOUT¹T)WOULDTAKE IF)WASGOINGONMY OWN-E WHEN)GOOUT)¹GURETOTRAVELCOMFORTABLE4HEDAYSWHENA HUNKOFSOWBELLY ASACKOFºOUR ANARIºEAN¹SHHOOK WASCONSIDERED ANOUT¹T HAVEPASSEDOUTFORME!NEXTRAHORSELOADOF¹XINSMAKEAN AUFULDIFFERENCEWHENITRAINSTHREEFOURDAYSATATIME ORWHENTHEGAME AINTRALLYINGROUNDLIKEYOUHOPED!COMFORTABLECAMPHASSAVEDMANYAN OUT¹TFROMDEVELOPININTOASOREHEADCONVENTION 7HENMY0ILGRIMUNLOADEDOFFTHE4RANS#ANADA HELOOKEDLIKE­WHAT THEWELLDRESSEDCLUBMANISWEARIN®)PARKEDHIMINMYSHACKTOCHANGE HISDRYGOODS ANWENTDOWNTOTHECORRALTOTACKAPAIROFFRONTSHOESON OLD"ALDY AS)¹GURED)°DSHURENEEDHIMTOCARRYTHEEXTRAWARDROBEAN TOILETASSESORIES -EANTIME THEHUNTERSAYSTOMYWIFE ­#ANYOURHUSBANDREALLYCLIMB HEAPPEARSAWFULLYSLIM®7ELL SAYSMYHOMEFOREMAN ­)ADMITHEHASTO STANDTWICEINONEPLACETOCASTASHADOW BUTHEOUGHTTOBEABLETOCLIMB HE°SALLTHETIMEGOINSTRAIGHTUP® 4WO THREE DAYS LATER WE MADE CAMP IN THE SHEEP COUNTRY IN ONE OF


THEM3EPTEMBERSTORMSTHATMAKEYOUWONDERWHATALLYOUDIDWITHYOUR SUMMERS EARNINGS !FTER IT CLEARED IT WAS COLD AN A WIND BLOWING THAT WASMIGHTYTHIN7EOOZEDOVERACOUPLEOFRIDGESWITHOUTSEEINGATHING ANDQUITELATEWESPOTTEDASMALLBUNCHOFRAMS INAPOCKETRIGHTUNDER AGLACIER )TTOOKUSQUITEAWHILETOGETAROUNDTOTHATCIRQUE ANDTHE0ILGRIMS LEGS WERE GETTING SORT OF SECONDHAND BUT WE DIDN°T HAVE MUCH DAYLIGHT LEFT SO)KEPTPLUGGING)SORTOFFORGOTHIMAS)GOTHOPPEDUPCREEPINGON THEBUNCH WHICHWEREJUSTAROUNDTHENEXTSHOULDEROFROCK ANWHEN) STOPPEDTOGIVEHIMACHANCETOGETORGANIZED HEWASN°TTHERE )BACKTRACKED ANDFOUNDHIMSQUATTINGINTHELEEOFABOULDER TRYINGTO GETHIS¹NGURESWARM ANFEELINGFEDUP TIRED ANTOHELLWITHITANYWAY) TELLHIMTHEBUNCHAREONLYAFEWHUNDREDYARDSAHEAD BUTDON°TGETANY ENTHUSIASTICREACTION 3DAJ=I=JGETSLOWINHISMINDTHATAWAY GETHIMHOSTILE SO)CURLMY LIPATHIMANSAY ­3OYOU°RETHEBIRDTHATSSOHARDEH7HYINHELLDIDNNTYOU COMEOUTHEREINTHESUMMERSOYOUCOULDPICKPOSIES ANHUNTBUTTERºIES ANAHEAPMORETOTHATEFFECT0RETTYSOONHEDAMNSMEALLOVERTHEPLACE AN SAYS ­"Y THE RED EYED OLD *EEHOSOPHAT YOU SLABSIDED LONG DRINK OF PUMPWATER IFYOUCANMAKEIT )CAN®!NINTWENTYMINUTESORSO HE°D ACCUMULATEDAHEAD)WASPROUDOFMYSELF !FTER THAT WE GOT RIGHT FRIENDLY AN INSIDE A WEEK HE WAS THE DIRTIEST MANBETWEENTHE#ROWS.ESTTHE3ASKATCHEWAN(EWASTOOBUSYHAVIN AGOODTIMETOBOTHERWITHWHATHECALLEDNON ESSENTIALS4HEYWASENOUGH SHEEPGRAVEYINHISWHISKERSTODOAROUNDUPCREW 7HICHPROVES3OLOMONWASDEADRIGHT WHENHESAIDYOUCANTLOOKATA CAYUSE ANTELLHOWHIGHHE°LLBUCK -EAN*IMARE¹GURINGONGOINGONTOTHE3IMPSON3UMMITPRETTYSOON 7E NEED A NEW RUG FOR THE SHACK AND THERES THE OLD GRIZZLY RAMMING AROUNDUPTHERE 3OLONG AN9OURSTRULY ­4AT®

(UNTINGAND&ISHING 3EPTEMBER 




ten An’ All We Do Is Hunt Tex here begins with a theme that also appears in “Tex Reads his Permit,” namely the idea that guides are nothing but poachers who have gone legal—this was an issue which was close to the bone for Tex, and the Warden in question certainly knew that. The jibe sounds right for the macho culture of western Canada in general and mountain men in particular, then or now. A similar sense of what is work and what is not still leads to a certain amount of mockery directed at people who work indoors, who “lay around close to the stove all winter, and [buy] their meat.” The story is largely about the frustrations of guiding inexperienced “pilgrims” (big game hunters) in the mountains. —AG






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By N. Vernon-Wood %POBQJJUDKSPDAKPDANFELLOWSJOBALWAYSLOOKSBETTERTHANTHEONE YOU°VEGOTYOURSELF IFANY 4HE OTHER DAY A 'AME 7ARDEN BLEW INTO MY PLACE ON WINTER PATROLS WHICH HE CLAIMED WAS PLUMB UNNECESSARY ALL THE POACHERS HAVIN GONE INTOTHE'UIDEBUSINESS ANMAKINSOMUCHMONEYTHEYLAYAROUNDCLOSE TOTHESTOVEALLWINTER ANDBOUGHTTHEIRMEAT ­9OU BIRDS SHURE GOT A CINCH ® HE SAYS ­!LWAYS GOT COMPANY A COOK TO BUILD YOUR BANNOK PACK HORSES TO CARRY FANCY DOO FUNNIES AN THEM 0ILGRIMSGIVEYOUREALMONEYFORDOINJUSTWHATYOU°DDOANYHOW,OOKAT US ALONETHREEQUARTERSOVERHALFTHETIME GOTTOKEEPTHETRAILSINSHAPE FORYOUANYOURDUDESTORIDEOVER ANIFONEOF°EMCHUCKSHISSNIPEINTOA MESSOFDRYPINENEEDLES WEHAVETO¹GHTTHE¹RE4HE'OVERNMENTALLOWS USONEOLDPLUGPACKHORSE ANWETRAVELPOORAS)NDIANS ALLFORAHUNDRED AMONTHANFURNISHYOUROWNGRUB® )DIDN°TPUTUPANYARGUMENT WHATSTHEUSE BUT)THOUGHTAWHOLELOT) BETIFTHAT7ARDENHADTONURSEALONGAºOCKOF0ILGRIMSFORAMONTH (E°D BECRAZYAS*OE3MITH°SDOG THATFROZEHISTAILBARKINATTHEMOON 4HREEFOURYEARSBACK )STARTEDOUTONAHUNTWITHTHREEBIRDSWHORAN ME BOWLEGGED BEFORE WE GOT THROUGH /NE OF THEM HAD BEEN OUT WITH MEBEFORE ANDFORA0ILGRIMWASBUSHWISE&ORAWHILEEVERYTHINGWAS ¹NER THAN FROG HAIR AND ) BEGAN TO KID MYSELF THAT HERE°S ONE TRIP THAT WONT PUT ANY MORE SILVER THREADS AMONG THE RUST BUT ) DIDN°T HAVE MY ¹NGURESCROSSED


7EHUNTEDINTWOCOUPLES THE0ILGRIMTHATSHADEXPERIENCETAKINONE OF THE OTHERS AND ME CONCENTRATIN ON THE #APTAIN WHO HASNT YET BUST ANYTHING4HEREWASPLENTYOFBEARSIGN BUTFORACOUPLEOFDAYSTHEBEAR SAW US ¹RST AND ONE EVENING AS WE ARE SORT OF PLANNING THE NEXT DAYS GRIEF THEOLD0ILGRIMSPRINGSASUGGESTIONTHATHEANTHEOTHERFELLERTAKE ACOUPLEOFDAYSRATIONSANDDROPDOWNONEOFTHEVALLEYSTOSEEIFTHEYCAN WRANGLETHEMA-OOSE )CANTSAY)AMALLHOPPEDUPWITHTHEIDEA BUTAFTERALL THEREDON°TSEEM TOBEANYREASONWHY SO)TELL°EMFORTYELEVENDIFFERENTTHINGSWHATNOTTO DO ANDNEXTMORNINGTHEYPACKTHEIR2UCKSACKS ANDWEWISHTHEM3O LONG ANGOODLUCK 4HE3KIPPER)BARGEOFFTOSEEIFWECAN¹NDAGRIZZLYTHATSDEAF BLIND ANGOTACOLDINHISNOSE SOWECAN)NDIANUPONHIMBEFOREHEGOESFROM HERETOTHERE BUTTHISCOUNTRYISHEALTHYASHELLFORBEAR SOWECAMEBACK TOCAMPINTHEEVENINGFEELINGSORTOFDISCOURAGED 5PTILLTHEN THEWEATHERHADBEENJUSTWHATTHEDOCTORORDERED BUTTHAT NIGHTTHECLOUDSGOTLOW SOTHATWHENWECRAWLEDOUTOFOURºEABAGSNEXT MORNING THE VISIBILITY IS WHAT YOU MIGHT CALL POOR .OT A PEAK IN SIGHT AND SORT OF CRIMPY ROUND THE EDGES 4HE 3KIPPER FEELS A LITTLE STALE AND DON°TSEEMTOBEINANYMADRUSHTOHITTHEHIGHSPOTS SOTHATWEARELATE GETTINGORGANIZED (KJC=>KQPPSK+¤?HK?GWEWERESITTININTHELEEOFABIGBOULDER FEEDING OURFACES WHENTHE3KIPPERSAYS ­(OLYCAT 4EX )FORGOTTOBRINGANYEXTRA AMMUNITION ALL)HAVEISTHE¹VESHELLSTHATAREINMYRIºE® ­7HICHBYTHEWAYTHINGSAREPANNINOUT IS¹VETOOMANY®)SAID ANDIT AINTANYMORETHANSAID WHENABOUTYARDSAWAYAGRIZZLYLOOMSUP ­7HAT°LL)DO®WHISPERSTHE3KIPPER ALLSTEAMEDUP ­"UST HIM WHERE HE°S BIGGEST AN WHEN YOU GET HIM DOWN KEEP HIM THERE®)TELLHIM 4HE3KIPPERTOOKALONGCAREFULSIGHTANLETSDRIVE/LD%PH LETSABELLER OUTOFHIM ANSWUNGROUND BITINATHISºANK)TAINTTILLTHETHIRDSHOTHE GOESDOWN ANEVENTHENHEISMAKINGPLENTYFUSS­4AKEYOURTIME NOWAN ANCHORHIMRIGHT®)SAYS BUTTHE#APTAINISTOOEXCITEDTOHEARANYTHING 4HENTHATOLD(ORRIBILUSGETSUP ANDSTARTSOURWAY ANITLOOKSTOME LIKEHE°SMAKINGFORTYMILESANHOUR!NDISHEHOSTILE)TELLAMAN )OFFERMYGUNTOTHE#APTAIN ANDTELLHIMTOGETGOING ANDGETGOING QUICK ORTHEREWILLBETWOLITTLESTRANGERSIN(ELLFORSUPPER BUTHEDON°T



EVENHEARME SO)LINEUPMYSIGHTSWHERE)THINKTHEYWILLDOTHEMOST GOOD THINKINGMEANTIME THAT)WILLGETJUSTONESHOT BEFORETHATFOOLBEAR ISALLOVERUSLIKEATENT WHENDOWNHEGOES4HATRUSHWASHISLASTEFFORT "YTHETIME)°VEGOTHIMSKINNED WEBOTHDECIDETHATWENEEDTHETWO ¹NGERSOF(UDSONS"AY THATAKILLCALLSFOR SOWEHIGHTAILFORCAMP FEELING PLUMBCHESTY ANDMAN THEYARNWEWILLTELLTHE/LD0ILGRIM)TGETSBETTER ANWILDEREVERYMINUTE 4HE/LD0ILGRIMHOWEVERISNOTINCAMP ANDINNOTIMEATALLITGOTDARK ANDSTILLHEDON°TSHOWUP"YMIDNIGHT )AMBEGINNINGTOGHOSTDANCE AN SEEHIMHISPARTNERALLSPRADDLEDOUTUNDERSOMECLIFFTHEYHAVESLIPPED OFF ORUPINATREEWITHSIXORSEVENGRIZZLYTEARINUPTHESCENERYBELOW 7EBUILDABIG¹RE AND¹REASHOTATINTERVALS.OTHINGHAPPENS%VERY TIMEACOYOTEHOWLS )DASHOUTOFTHETEEPEEANANSWER THINKINIT°STHEM BUTMORNINGCOMES ANTHEYDON°T 0DASN=JCHAN%STARTARESCUEEXPEDITION WITHROPESAN¹RSTAIDKITSAN WHATALL7ECANTEVEN¹NDATRACKUNTILWEHAVETRAVELLED¹VEORSIXMILES WHENWEPICK°EMUPONANOLDPACKTRAIL7HERETHESIDEVALLEYHITSTHE MAINBRANCHOFTHE0ALLISER OLD*OE"LANEYHASATRAPPINGSHACK ANDWHEN WEGETTHERE HEISBUSYPUTTINGUPWOOD)ASKEDHIMDIDHESEEANYLOOSE PILGRIMSAROUND ANHETOLDME­3HURE THEYSTAYEDHERENIGHTBEFORELAST AINTTHEYINCAMPYET®7ETOLDHIMTHETROUBLE ANDITSEEMSTHEYSTARTED OUTYESTERDAYMORNINGTOHUNTASIDEDRAW AN¹GUREDTOCROSSTHEHEADOF IT ANDCOMEOUTONTHESUMMITWHERECAMPWAS4HEONLYTHINGWRONG WITHTHATWASACLIFFABOUTAMILLIONFEETSTRAIGHTUP ONTHESUMMITSIDE THAT NO MAN IN HIS SENSES WOULD EVEN WANT TO THROW A STONE DOWN LET ALONECLIMB ­"ETYOUFOURBITSTHEY°REBACKINCAMP RIGHTNOWLISTNINTOTHESKIPPER KILLTHATBEARAGEN ANKNOCKINGTHEBOTTOMOUTOFTHECROCKOFRUM®SAYS THEWRANGLER)T°SASDARKASTHEINSIDEOFABLACKCATWHENWEDRAGOURSELVES INTOCAMP BUTTHECOOKTHESKIPPERAREHOLDINGITDOWNALONE7EALLGET SPOOKY THAT NIGHT AND IN THE MORNING DON°T NEED ANY "IG "EN TO ROUSE US OUT 4HE COOK AND WRANGLER HIT ONE WAY AND THE SKIPPER  ME TAKE ANOTHER LANDINGBACKAT*OE°SSHACKEARLYINTHEAFTERNOON)¹GURE*OEWILL JOININTHEMERRYMENT ANHELPCOMBTHECOUNTRY ­$IDYOURUN°EMDOWN®SAYS*OE7HAT)SAID AINT¹TFORNICEPEOPLE TOHEAR4HEN*OETOLDUSTHATTHEMISSINBRETHERNHADDRAGGEDITINTOHIS CAMPAGAINLASTNIGHT­4HEYGOTJACKPOTTEDUPTHATDRAW BUTTHOUGHTTHEY




COULDMAKETHESUMMITBYSWINGINGAROUNDTOTHEWEST ANGOTINTOAMESS OFBRULE"YTHETIMETHEYBACKTRACKEDTHEMSELVESITWASGETTINDARK AN THEYWERECLOSERHERETHANTHERE SOTHEYBUNKEDWITHMEAGAIN® &INE BUTWHEREINHELLARETHEYNOW )WONDER­!LL)KNOW )PUT°EMON THETRAILTOTHEPASS ®SAID*OE ­ANIFTHEYDIDN°TGETTOCAMP )GUESSTHEY MISSEDITSOMEPLACE ANAREONTHEWAYBACKTOTHERAILROAD)FTHEYKEEP GOIN ANDON°TBUSTACOUPLEOFLEGS THEY°LLMAKEITINAWEEK® 7HICHISPLUMBENCOURAGINTOME7EALLSTARTUPTHETRAIL ANDTRACK THEABSENTLOVEDONESFORABOUTTWOHOURS WHENALLSIGNPETERSOUTAGAIN) SENTTHECOOKBACKTOCAMPWITHTHESKIPPER TELLINGTHECOOKTOHOBBLEHIM IFNECESSARY)AINTTAKINGCHANCESONLOSINGTHEONLY0ILGRIM)HAVELEFT "UCK)QUARTERTHECOUNTRYGOODANDPROPER BUTNOLUCK 7ESPENTTHATNIGHTUNDERASPRUCE THINKINGUPCUSSWORDSTOSPRINGON THEMEXPLORERS WHENASANIFWEEVERCATCHUPON°EM)BEGINTOTHINKOUR JOBWILLBETOBUILDABOX ANSHIP°EMEASTINTHEBAGGAGECAR 7EUSEDALLTHENEXTDAYCIRCLINTHECOUNTRY¯TILLWEWEREDIZZY ANLONG ABOUTDARK STRIKEFORCAMP HUNGRY TIRED ANDECIDINTOQUITGUIDIN AN STUDYFORTHEMINISTRY ORSOMTHINSOOTHINTOTHENERVES !BOUTAMILEFROMCAMP WEHEARVOICESINTHEDARK ANBYTHESHRIVELLED UPHINDQUARTERSOF!BRAHAMSPETGOAT HEREARETHELOSTBATTALION WITH*OE HAZINTHEMALONG)°MSOTICKLEDTOSEETHEM )DON°TEVENCUSS3EEMSTHEY LANDEDATTHEIRPETROADHOUSEAGAINLASTNIGHT AFTERTRYINGTOWALKDOWNAN OLDMOOSETHEYSTARTEDUPONTHEIRWAYUPTHETRAILYESTERDAY4HEMOOSE CIRCLED ANDASPERUSUAL NIGHTFOUND°EMAMILEORSOFROM*OES)TOLD*OE TOSENDMEHISBILLFORBOARDANROOM ANDCHEWEDTHEMANEOFFTHEOLD 0ILGRIMWHEN)°DRECOVEREDMYUSUALSANGFRIED )TMIGHTBEASTHAT7ARDENSAYS ALLWEDOISHUNTAN¹SH BUTASTHELAW SHARPSSAY ­,OOKATTHEMENTALANGUISH®

.ATIONAL3PORTSMAN -ARCH «





eleven The Latest from Pipestone This piece lampoons the poor hunting and shooting skills of an inexperienced client. He fails to attain Tex’s approval because he shoots the goat repeatedly after it is clearly dead. The penalty for the hunter’s failure to embody proper mountain masculinity is measured by the ruined hide, “mulligan meat” (shot up too much for anything but stew, mulligatawny) and only one intact horn. The hunter has thus lost both a good trophy and the use of the meat, which contravenes a crucial part of Tex’s hunting ethos. Tex apportions some of the blame to himself, however, for having given the hunter the impression that he thought his gun, a 30.30 (a medium-calibre rifle) was not much of a “man’s gun.” This tips us to the fact that manhood is indeed at stake in this exercise. Revealingly, manhood turns out not to be about firepower or raw machismo—it is about skill, just measure, and restraint. —AG





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By N. Vernon-Wood -R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET.9



¬7"2ANCH 0IPESTONE#REEK !LBERTA

A=N"NEAJ@ 9OUMINDTHATCREEKTHATRUNSINTOTHE7HITERABBITFROMTHEWESTSIDE)T NEVERHADANAMETHATWEKNEWOF EXCEPTAFEWSORTOFCONTEMPERANIOUS ONESAFELLERTHINKSUPWHILEGOUGINGTHROUGHTHEDEADFALL ORSIDESLIPPIN ONTHEROCK 7ECAMPEDATTHEMOUTHLASTFALL AND)°MGUIDINAFELLERTHATSNEWTO THISMOUNTAINSTUFF 4HE0ILGRIMWASPACKINA AND)GUESS)°DGIVEHIMTHEIMPRESSIONS THATASAMANSGUNITDON°TRATEVERYHIGHINMYEXPERTOPINION #OMETOTHINKOFIT THE4EXT ¹RSTLY THIRDLY AN¹NALLYOFMYDISCOURSE WASPRETTYMUCH­"UST°EMWHERETHEY°REBIGGEST KNOCK°EMDOWNANKEEP °EMDOWN® *ATP IKNJEJC WE GET ORGANIZED TO GIVE THE #ANADENSUSES HELL AN LONG ABOUTNOON WE°VEGOTTENOVERTHEWORSTOFTHEGOING!LSO WEHAVEN°TSEEN A THING WHICH AINT SURPRISIN CONSIDERIN THE RACKET WE MADE SCRAMBLIN OVER SHALE 7E REACHES THE GRASS LANDS AT LAST AN WHILE TAKIN ON A LOAD





OFWHAT/LD'REASYALLEGESISBANNOKANCOLDVENISON WECHECKOVERTHE SURROUNDINREALESTATEWITHOUREIGHTPOWERS CAREFULLANSYSTEMATIC 4HE0ILGRIMRUNTRUETOFORMANLOCATEDFOURTEENORROCKSHEEP THREE FOURDEADSTUMPGRIZZLY ANDTHREESNOWPATCHGOAT 7E°VE WORKED DOWN THE LUNCH PACK TO WHAT THE 0ILGRIM CALLED THE IRREDUCIBLE MINIMUM WHEN OUT OF A DIP AT THE MOUTH OF THAT DRAW UP LOOMSAGOAT )ºOPONTOMYLUNCH THE0ILGRIMEASESDOWNALONGSIDE THINKING)°VE BEENTOOKWITHACUTEGASTROMINOUSRUKUS WHICH CONSIDERINTHESPECI¹C GRAVITYOFTHEBANNOK AINTSURPRISIN(OWEVER HEISRELIEVEDWHEN)SHOW HIMTHEWEDGEFACE ATTHESAMETIMEURGINGHIMTOLOOKASMUCHLIKEA COLUMBINEORSKUNKCABBAGEORSOMETHINGºORALASPOSSIBLE4HEREAINTA SCRAPOFCOVERFORYEARS ANWHYTHATGOATAINTSEENUS ISONEOFLIFE°S MYSTERIES ­7HATINHELLDOWEDONOW® ­$ONOTHIN JUSTASHARDASYOUKNOWHOW UNTILTHATOLFOOLBEGINSTO GRAZE ORMOVESOMEPLACEWHEREHEAINTGOTAGOATSEYEVIEWOFALLTHESE 2OCKIES ®)TELLHIM ­THENBELLYCRAWLFORTHECRICKBED® 9OUKNOWHOWDAMNDELIBERATEAGOATCANBE7ELLTHISEGGISAREGULAR 3ENATOR ANHISDELIBERATIONSARERIGHTSLOWPONDEROUS7EHAVEPLENTY OFTIMETO¹GUREOUTWHATWEHOPETODO WHEN ASANIFWEGETACHANCE /NCEWEGETINTOTHECREEKBEDWECANSNEAKALONGTHEBANKUNTILWEGET TOWHEREASTRIPOFTIMBERCOMESDOWN FOLLOWTHATUPALONGAHOGBACK KEEPINBELOWTHECRESTANPROVIDEDTHE3ENATORDON°TTAKEITINTOHISHEAD TOCLIMB WESHOULDGETASHOT!NREMEMBER )WINDUP AGOATCANSHURE TAKEIT SOBUSTHIMHIGHWIDEANHANDSOME /LDWHISKERS NOTBEININTHEPLOTREMAINSINSTATUEQUO3TATUEISRIGHT HESTANDSANTHINKSFORANOTHERSIXHOURS ORANYWAYMINUTES WHENALL OFASUDDENHEREMEMBERSTHATTHERESAPATCHOFPERFECTLYSPLENDIDGRASS ABOUTYARDSDOWN¬ANINNOTIMEATALLHEISOUTOFSIGHTBEHINDTHE HOGBACK MEANTHE0ILGRIMDASHFORTHECREEKANCOVER 4HENCOMETHECLIMB4HEHOGBACKFALLSAWAYINACLIFFONTHEFARSIDE ANDAS)STICKMYFACEOVER)HEARJUSTAFAINTCLATTEROFSHALE RIGHTUNDER MYNOSEISOLD/REAMNOSPOKINGALONGATTHEFOOTOFTHECLIFF %@Q?G>=?GANGETTHE0ILGRIM TALKINGWITHMYHANDSLIKEADEAFMUTE 3IOUX7ECRAWLTOTHEEDGEAGAIN¹NDOURSELVESLOOKINGRIGHTINTOTHE 3ENATOR°SFACE HEHAVINCLIMBEDSOME(ESHUREFORGOTHISDIGNITYTHATTIME



ANFORAFEWSECONDS)AMAFRAIDTHATTHE$UDEHASGOTTRIGGER¹NGERITIS 4HEGOATISGOINGPLACESWITHEASEANCELERITY WHEN¬7HAMMY ANDOWN HECOMES NOTEVENKICKIN "EFORE)CANOPENMYFACETHOUGH THE0ILGRIMLAYSDOWNABARRAGETHAT °UDSTOPAREGIMENT&IVEMORETIMESHEKILLEDTHATGOAT ANITSNOTUNTILHIS MAGAZINEISEMPTYTHAT)CANCONVINCEHIMWEHAVEACORPUSDELICTI 4HEN ) DISCOVER THAT BESIDES SHOOTIN UP THAT GOAT VERY PROMISCIOUS HE°SBUSTHIMTWICEINTHEHEAD%VENACANDOTHINGSTOATROPHYAT ABOUTYARDS7HENTHETRIMMINISDONE WEHAVEAPERFORATEDHIDE SOME MULLIGANMEAT ANONEHORNTOTOTETOCAMP ­7ELLYOUSAIDTOBUST°EMDIDNTYOU®ISALLTHESATISFACTION)GET !NYWAY WHEN YOU WANT TO REFER TO THAT CREEK THAT RUNS INTO THE 7HITERABBITFROMTHEWEST REMEMBERITSNOW"USTUM#REEK 9OURSTRULY 0AT

(UNTINGAND&ISHING &EBRUARY 





twelve Dried Spinach or Moose Steak? The story ends with regret for killing a moose that was a favoured pet (and money maker) for an aristocratic hotelier—for whom Tex has nothing but scorn. This is part of a conscious attempt by Tex to distance himself from the effete aristocratic whims and airs of a Marquis who ran a lodge near Banff and refused to let anyone hunt on the territory he leased. Tex refers to his friends and himself as “waddies,” “proletariat,” and “commoners.” They are the ones who have to rally round if there is a problem, but otherwise they keep a “respectful distance.” The tone of regret at the end (and the use of words like “old reactionaries”) suggests a more gentle character and sensibility than does the belligerent populist tone he strikes at the beginning. —AG





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By N. Vernon-Wood &ROMTHE"AR7"/UT¹T 0IPESTONE#REEK !LBERTATO-R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET .EW9ORK A=N"NEAJ@ 9OU°VEHEARDDIFFERENTVARIETIESOFTHATYARNWHERETHEGUYSHOOTSTHE FARMER°SCOWINMISTAKEFORADEER AN°)GUESSLIKEMEYOUTHOUGHTTHATA BIRDWHO°DMAKEABONERLIKETHATSHOULDSEEASPECIALIST7ELL )HATETO ADMITIT BUT)COMEAWFULCLOSETOGETTIN°ELECTEDTOTHATCLUBMYSELF ,AST SUMMER WE ACCUMULATED ANOTHER TENDERFOOT TRAP IN THESE HERE HILLS)TAIN°TTHEUSUAL$UDE2ANCHDEADFALL BUTJUSTAMESSOFLOGCABINS BYALAKE WITHACOUPLEOFSNOWPEAKSINTHEDOORYARD)T°SRUNAN°OWNED BYANHONESTTOGOSH-ARQUIS WITHALLTHEFRILLSOFASHOOTIN°BOXINTHE 4YROLL AN ¯THE DEFT AN SOPHISTICATED SERVICE®¬SEE ADVTS¬­OF A $UCAL COUNTRYHOME® .ATCHELLYTHEREAIN°TANYPLACEINTHISSCHEMEFORUNCOUTHWADDIESLIKE 3AWBACK ORMEAN*IM SOWHENWEHAVETOINFESTTHATPARTOFTHECOUNTRY WECAMPATARESPECTFULDISTANCE "OUTTHEONLYTIMESTHE-ARKEEDEIGNSTOBEAWAREOFOUREXISTENCEIS WHENHISPACKSTRINGSTRAYS ORACOUPLEOFHISVICTIMSGETBUSHED4HENTHE PROLETARIATAREEXPECTEDTODASHMADLYABOUT ANGIVEAGOODIMITATIONOF THEFAITHFULVARLETSSTRIVINRIGHTMIGHTILYTODISCOVER-Y,ORDHISPALFREYS 7EDONEIT TOO NOTBECAUSEWEARESONEIGHBORLYWITHTHEARISTOCRACY BUT BECAUSEOLD3AWBACK3MITHISHIREDTOWRANGLE PACK GUIDE ANASGENERAL



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WEEKS ®HESAYS ­ANPRETTYSOON)°LLBETURNINMYSELFOUTTOGRAZEWITHTHE RESTOFTHECAYUSES® )°MMOVINCAMPAFEWMILESDOWNNEXTDAY AN¹GGERTOSTARTHUNTINJUST ASSOONAS)AMOFFENTHE-ARKEE°SPETGAMEPRESERVE SO)TELL3AWBACK THAT IF)CANGETANYMEAT )°LLLETHIMKNOWANHECANRIDEOVERANSNARE HIMAQUARTER!LL)NEEDISENOUGHREDSTEAKTODOMETILL)GETTOTHEFORKS WHERE)HOPETOBUSTASHEEP!N)°DRUTHERMASTICATEMOUNTAINSHEEPTHAN ANYTHING)KNOWOF .EXTEVENIN )°MSNEAKINAROUNDTHESHOREOF7EDGWOOD,AKE ANDJUST AS IT°S GETTIN DUSK ) SPOT A MOOSE CROSSIN THE SHALLOWS AT THE FAR END ) WAITUNTILHEISOUTOFTHEDRINK ANDPLASTERHIM/PENINHIMUPTOCOOL ) LEAVE HIM LAY AN NEXT DAY ) SEND THE WRANGLER HIGHTAILIN BACK TO THE $UKE°S WITHWORDFOR3AWBACKTOGRABHIMAPACKPONYANRALLYROUNDTHE MEATMARKET "Y NOON WE ARE AT MY KILL AN WHEN THE OLD WADDIE SEES IT HE LET OUT AWHISTLE ­&ELLER YOUDONIT ®HESAYS­"YTHEWOOLLYHINDQUARTERSOF!STOR°SPET GOAT THAT°STHE-ARKEE°SBLUEMOOSE-AN OH MAN IFHEEVERGETSONTO THISHE°LLHAVEYOURACKED THUMSCREWED BURNTANQUARTERED ANºUNGINTO THE MOAT NOT TO MENTION PINCHED UNFROCKED STRUCK OFFEN THE ROLLS AN EXCOMMUNICATED® ­!W COILYOURROPE ®)TELLHIM­9OUORYOURPRINCELYEMPLOYERCAN°TTELL THECOLOROFABEAST°SHIDEFROMTHEGRAVY,OADYOURBRONK ANIF(IS3ERENITY WANTSTOKEEPHISDAMNPETSSACROSANCT LETHIMBELL°EM ORFENCE°EM® *USTTHESAME )DIDFEELSOMEEGREGIOUS 0D=JGO BKN PDA I=C=VEJAO AN NEWSPAPERS ,AST WINTER WE WAS STORMBOUNDSOMUCHTHAT)LEARNTALLOFTHE3TOCKMAN°S!LMANACBYHEART AN MOST OF THE 'OVERNMENT°S REPORT ON GRASSHOPPER CONTROL ) SURE WAS PININFORACHANGEOFTHOUGHT ¬9OURSTRULY 0AT

(UNTINGAND&ISHING *UNE 




thirteen Tex Reads His Permit Tex has only scorn for the new class of local functionary with a university education, such as the Park Warden, and is scathing in his dismissal of the sorts of things they would learn in university programs devoted to “Silviculture, Sikology, Practical Prospectin’, an’ Needlepoint Embroidery” (“Tex Reads his Permit”). The book-learned Warden he encounters does not disappoint: he is an incompetent woodsman, all officiousness, and condescending to boot; in the story, Tex mixes it up with him on account of disrespectful comments. Interestingly, it’s not book-learning per se that Tex abominates—after all, he clearly had a fair amount of it himself. Rather, the new disciplines being taught at university attract his ridicule, as much for their own sake as for their utter uselessness for a Park Warden, at least in those days—silviculture might come in handy today, though psychology will not be any better now than it was then. This story is the only one to directly discuss Tex’s long association with the Walcotts, and he mentions them only because the “poaching” within Park boundaries is for them and the Smithsonian. He guards himself very carefully against name-dropping, remarkable for a man who had worked on Hollywood films, both in Banff and in California, as an animal handler (for instance, on Call of the Wild, 1935), and had a bevy of illustrious clients. —AG




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!0IPESTONE,ETTER¬ By N. Vernon-Wood &ROMTHE"AR7"/UT¹T 0IPESTONE#REEK !LBERTATO-R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET .EW9ORK A=N"NEAJ@ )T°SALONGTIMETHAT)DON°TTAKEMYPENINHANDANDGIVEYOUTHEDOPEON THEHAPPENINGSUPAN°DOWNTHE0IPESTONE7ELL LIFEGOESON ASTHEFELLER SAYS ANDMOSTOFUSAREMAKIN°OUTTOEATTHREE«FOURTIMESADAY THOUGH) GOTIT¹GGEREDTHATWHENTHENEWGAMEWARDENSORTOFGETSONTOTHEROPES SOMEOFTHEBOYSWILLHAVETOCUTDOWNONOUT OF SEASONVENISON 4HISNEWWARDENISONEOFTHOSESIKOLOGICALEXPERIMENTS ORWHATEVER YOUCALL°EM3EEMSLIKETHE'AME#OMMISSIONTOOKANHOURORSOOFFFROM THEMULTITUDINFARIOUSDUTIESSUCHASSPEAKIN°AT&ISHIN°3OCIETYDINNERS 3KEET#LUBSUPPERS ANDETC TELLIN°ALLAN°SUNDRYWHATTHEYWEREGETTIN READYTOCONSIDERSTARTIN°MEBBETOMAKE!LBERTATHE3PORTSMAN°S0ARADISE 2EGRETTIN°MEANTIMETHATOWEIN°TOTHECURRENT¹NANCIALºACIDITYTHEPRICE OF¹SHIN°LICENSESWOULDBEBOOSTEDABUCK GAMEDITTOTWOBUCKS WITHA REDUCTIONONTHEBAGAN°ATWO INCHINCREASEINTHELEGALLENGTHOFTROUT 4HEGAMELAWSAREGETTIN°SOMECOMPLICATEDAN°)°MWAIVERIN°BETWEEN RETAININGCOUNCILORJUSTINTERPRETIN°THEMMYOWNWAY(OWEVER TOGETBACK TOTHETRAIL THECOMMISSIONOPINEDTHATTHEOLD FASHIONEDEX LUMBERJACK EX COWHAND EX TRAPPER WASOUTASWARDENMATERIAL!NYWAYTHEY¹GGER THEMNATURALPRODUCKSOFTHESOILARETOOSYMPATHETIKINTHEIRIDEESWITH


THEHOIPOLLOITHEYARESUPPOSETOCHECKUPON!LSOAN°MOREOVER WEGOT A PERFECTLY GOOD 5NIVERSITY THAT TEACHES 3ILVICULTURE 3IKOLOGY 0RACTICAL 0ROSPECTIN° AN°.EEDLEPOINT%MBROIDERY SO LET°SAPPOINTAºOCKOFSCIENTI¹C WARDENS WHOAIN°TGOTANYENTANGLIN°ALLIANCESWITHTHEMPOACHIN°SO AN SO°SINTHEMOUNTAINS 4HISALSOHASTHEADVANTAGEOF¹NDIN°JOBSFORSEVERALOFTHESONSOFOUR LOCALLEGISLATURE WHOHAVEBEENEDUCATEDALLTOHELLBUTHAVEN°TYETBEEN ABLETOGETABSORBEDINTOTHEPROFESSIONS -OTION CARRIED THE (ON )KE 2UTTLE ONLY DISSENTIN° (IS FAMILY BEIN° ALLGALS 4HE¹RSTOFTHESEERUDITEBIRDSISAPPOINTEDTOTHE0IPESTONEDISTRICTLAST SUMMER)DON°TRUNINTOHIMWHENHEMAKESHIS¹RSTPATROL SODON°TMEET HIMSOCIALOROF¹CIALUNTILFALL )GOTMEAJOBWITHAMUSEUMOUT¹TTOHELPCOLLECTAFEWFAUNAWHILEA COUPLEOFPROFESSORSSPECIALIZEONºORAAN°FOSSILS7EGOTAPERMITFROM THE 'OVT TO TAKE TWO MALES AN° ONE FEMALE OF ANY SPECIES WHATSOEVER ANYWHERE ANYTIME)NFACTWEGOTTHEWHOLECOUNTRYONAPLATTER &OURDAYSAFTERLEAVIN°THEHOMEPLACEWEWASCAMPEDATTHEFOOTOF"ADGER 0ASS7HILEMY0ILGRIMSARERUNNIN°DOWN4RILOBITESAN°3AXIFRAGES )TAKE ME A SCOUT UP ON THE SUMMIT 4HE COUNTRY IS CRUMMY WITH "IGHORN AN° FORYEARS)°VEWANTEDACHANCETOTAKEAPOKEATACOUPLEOF°EM"EIN°AGAME RESERVE THEMRAMSGOTPLUMBHIGHTY TIGHTY4HEY°DSTANDONALEDGEAN°NOT EVENPAYYOUTHECOMPLIMENTOFLOOKIN°SCARED AN°)SHUREDIDPINETOTEACH °EMRESPECT(ERE°SMYONECHANCE AN°)°MTAKIN°MYTIMEAN°MAKIN°ITLAST !S)WASCHECKIN°OVERTHETERRA¹RMA )SEENACOUPLEOFCAYUSES°WAY DOWN ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE PASS AN° THE GLASSES SHOWED ONE HOMBRE AN°APACKPONYMAKIN°APRETTYPOORSTABAT¹NDIN°THETRAILOVER)WASN°T PARTICULARLY INTERESTED AN° CON¹NED MY ATTENTION TO A ºOCK OF /VIS CANADENSESTHATWASJUST¹GURATIVELY¹NGERIN°THEIRNOSESATME/NEOF°EM LOOKEDLIKEHE°DSHOWUPNOBLEINAGLASSCASESO)BUSTHIM AN°PROCEEDED TOTAKETHEDIFFERENTMEASUREMENTSTHEMUSEUMOPINEDTHEYNEEDED %VERYSOOFTEN )°D¹LLTHEPIPEAN°TAKEALOOKDOWNTHEPASSTOSEEIFTHE BIRDWITHTHEPACKHORSEWASCOMIN°ORGOIN° °"OUT THE TIME )°VE GOT MY SPECIMEN ALL READY TO LUG INTO CAMP HE IS SHOWIN°UP AN°)THINK IFHE°SANYKINDOFAMAN HE°LLPACKMYPLUNDERON HISPONYINTOCAMPFORME)WASSETTIN°BYTHETRAILFEELIN°ATPEACEWITHALL MANKINDWHENHERIDESUP




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(UNTINGAND&ISHING !UGUST 




fourteen The Guide Knows Everything The tender tone of this late story is quite different from the rough-andtumble of such earlier pieces as “The Last Buffalo Drive,” with its coarse and violent mischief. Tex’s regard for Father Moriarty shows that although hunting or fishing prowess was a crucial requisite of true mountain masculinity, ethical qualities and practices were equally important, and perhaps too an appreciation of philosophical and religious values (at least as they applied to animals): Tex cites with quiet approval and no irony the Father’s Platonic or rather neo-Thomist sermon to the fish he releases. The core values of Tex’s mountain masculinity are emphasized by the contrast between the priest’s body (“a paunchy little priest”) and his gentleness (“gentle as a woman”) and his ability with a fly and a rod. The literary allusions to the fisherman apostles, Izaak Walton’s The Compleat Angler and Grey of Fallodon’s Fly Fishing1 once again betray the broad reading and culture of the author. The story lampoons the tendency of guides to think or behave as if they know everything, ending with another tender moment between Tex and his son Bill. —AG

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By N. Vernon-Wood 0DNAAŸBKQNUA=NO=CKTHE4RAIL2IDERSOFTHE#ANADIAN2OCKIESHADA PICTURE IN THEIR BULLETIN THAT SHURE GIVE US LOCAL DUDE WRANGLERS A KICK )T°SAPHOTOOFOLD"ILL3LANEYCONVERSIN°WITHABEVYOFSWEETYOUNGSHE 0ILGRIMS4HEOLDSIDE HILLGOUGERISLOOKINGPLUMBINTELLIGENTFORHIM AN°IT°STITLED­4HE'UIDE+NOWS%VERYTHING® 7HICHSAMEISONDOUBTEDLYWHATSOME0ILGRIMSSEEMTOEXPECT!MAN°S GOTTOKNOWTHECOUNTRY AN°HOWTOMAKEACOMFORTABLECAMP(EHASTOBE ABLETOSHOEACAYUSE PATCHATENT SWINGANAX AN°BUILDADECENTMEALAN° WHENHECANDOTHEMHE°SONLYJUSTSTARTED(EMIGHTYSOONDISCOVERSTHAT HEALSOHASTOBEANATURALIST GEOLOGIST AN°BOTANIST BESIDESAJACK KNIFE SURGEON ARECONTOOR ABALLISTICSEXPERT AN°APRETTYFAIRJUDGEOFHUMAN NATUREAN°HOWMUCHEXPOSURETOGIVEA¹LLUMONADULLDAY !N°EVERYONCEINAWHILESOMEBIRDWILLPULLSOMETHINGLIKETHIS­,OOK AT THAT VIEW 4EX DON°T YOU THINK #OROT WOULD HAVE LOVED TO PAINT IT OR DO YOU THINK "ROWNING WOULD HAVE CAUGHT THE ATMOSPHERE BETTER¬OR DOYOU® 7HEN THEY START THAT SORT OF THING IT°S A GOOD PLAN TO GRAB YOUR ¹ELD GLASSESPLUMBEXCITEDAN°SAY ­(OLYOLDDOODLE THEY°SABEARONTHATSLIDE¬ NO B°GOSH IT°SABURNEDSTUMP$ON°TITBEATHELLHOWTHEMSHADDERSFOOL YOUSOMETIMES® HHPDEODANALNA=I>HAISBYWAYOFEXPLAININ°WHYITISAFELLER°SAPTTO GETHIMWHATTHEEXPERTSCALLA#OMPLEX(EGETSSOHEBEGINSTOTHINKHE


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fifteen Tex: Gentleman’s Gentleman This story, published in August 1936, parallels the tale of outrageous laxity and lack of mountain masculinity Tex finds in the two British aristocrats in “William, Prepare my Barth” (The Sportsman, July 1930). In fact, the stories are close enough for this one to be a repetition of the other. The two hunters commit every imaginable sin against mountain masculinity: they dress too colourfully and too fashionably; they rise late; they wash and shave and dress carefully; they want to hunt on horseback, not climbing up and down mountains; they do not abide by sporting rules—one tells how he shot a sitting grouse through the roof of a tent—and finally, sin of sins, they refuse to get wet or dirty, thus destroying their chances of bagging any game and redeeming themselves. —AG




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sixteen It’s Good to Be Alive The language in this story gives the author away as a man who attended a Latin school: Tex uses words like “Ol’ Sol,” “sextenarians,” “celerious,” “matutinal,” and “vespers” that have Latin origins; yet he also mixes in outright malapropisms like “perpendiculous” and “phenominum,” and deliberate misspellings (“beautious”), so as not to look overly educated and too much like the elitist clients he heartily disliked. Here as elsewhere, Tex articulates his philosophy of hunting: it’s fine to kill an animal, but only if you are going to use as much of it as you can, not just the head and skin for trophies. Although the client makes a bit of a fool of himself, at least he admits it. A terrifying episode puts things into perspective: Tex’s mild annoyance at the client’s comfortable philosophizing about the wonderful day turns into agreement by nightfall, after they both have a close shave. —AG and JR






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PPD=P%¤INECDP 7EHADN°TGONE¹VEHUNDREDYARDSWHENWESEENA CLUMPOFWILLOWBUSHWAVIN°TOAN°FRO WITHNOWINDTOAGITATEIT3OMEPIN° INIT SHUREASHELLISAMANTRAP"EFORE)COULDSPIT THEBEARSHOWEDPART OFHIMCLEAR ANDTHE0ILGRIMCUTLOOSE!TTHESECONDSHOT"RUINCOMEOUT OFTHEBUSH HALFROLLIN°AN°HALFRUNNIN°7HAMMY¬THE3PRING¹ELDSINGS OUTAGEN AN°THE"EARºOPPEDAN°STAYEDPUT7EEASEDUP CAREFULTOSEE WASHEOUT ORJUSTPLAYIN°POSSUMUNTILWEWASINRUSHIN°DISTANCE )T°SASMALL'RIZZLY AN°NOTMUCHOFATROPHY ASTROPHIESGO ALTHO°)°VE SEEN SMALLER ONES THAT LEFT THIS PART OF 'OD°S COUNTRY ADDRESSED TO THE 4AXIDERMIST 4HE $UDE IS FEELIN° KINDA SIX FOR A NICKEL (E LOOKS AT THE "EAR KINDA THOUGHTFUL AN°SAYS ­(OWWOULDJALIKEANEWRUGFORTHELIVIN°ROOMºOOR® )SEEWHATHE°SDRIVIN°AT SO)SAYSASNONCHALANTASHELL ­-YMISSUSASKED METOACCUMULATESOMEKINDAHIDETOCOVERTHEHOLEINTHELIVIN°ROOMRUG AN°THIS°LLJUSTABOUT¹T4ELLYOUWHAT7HILE)GOTOWORKONTHISSCHOOLBOY YOUAMBLEBACKTOCAMPWITHTHELIVERAN°TELLOL°'REASYTHAT)°LLBE¯BOUTHALF ANHOURBEHINDYOU AN°THATABOUTAPOUNDOFLIVERCUTTHICK ROLLEDINCORN MEAL AN°FRIEDNOTTOOMUCHINDEEPFAT WITHASIDEORDEROFFOOL HEN AQUART OFJAVA AN°PLENTYBOILEDRICEAN°RAISINSISWHATMYSYSTEMCRAVES® )GUESSTHE0ILGRIMWASLOOKIN°FORANEXCUSETOFADEFROMTHESCENEOF HISINFANTICIDE BECAUSEHEDIDN°TEVENARGUE )T°SDUSKBYTHETIME)AMREADYTOHITFORCAMP)°DLEFTTHEHEADINTHE HIDE ¹GURIN°TOSKINTHATOUTINCAMP)SHOVEDTHEWORKSINTOMYRUCK SACKAN°BEGANMOVIN°7HEN)GOTTOTHEFOOTOFTHESLIDE ITWASDARK E@ UKQ ARAN HAVE THAT SPOOKY FEELIN° THAT SOMEBODY OR SOMETHING IS DOGGIN°YOU-OSTGENERALLY )°VEGOTTHENERVOUSTEMPERAMENTOFAMUD TURTLE BUT SOMEHOW THAT EVENIN° ) DON°T FEEL AS PLACID AS USUAL 4HEN ) HEARDAFAINTSNAPBEHINDME LIKESOMETHIN°BROKEASMALLTWIG)TURNED QUICK AN°MANOFMAN )FELTMYHEARTJARMYBRIDGEWORK .OT TWENTY FEET BEHIND ME WAS A REAL 'RIZZLY )T WAS NINE FEET HIGH AN°TWENTY FOURFEETLONG AN°THREEAXHANDLESAN°APLUGOFEATIN°TOBACCO BETWEENTHEEYES!NYHOW THAT°SHOWITLOOKED¹RSTTIME7HEN)TURNED ITSTOPPEDAN°JUSTSET ­!N°NOWWHAT®)THOUGHT)AIN°TGOTANYRIºE AN°SOMEHOW)CAN°TSEE MYSELFENGAGIN°HANDTOHANDWITHA'RIZZLYB°AR -ENAN°BRETHERIN )°MHERETOTELLYOUTHATTHEHARDESTTHING)EVERDID




IN FORTY ODD MISSPENT YEARS WAS TO TURN MY BACK ON THAT (ORRIBILIS AN° GODOWNTHETRAIL TRYING°TOKIDMYSELFTHATCALMNESSAN°COOLNESSWASTHE TICKET)°MTRYIN°TOMAKETHAT"EARBELIEVETHATHAVIN°HIMTAGMEALONGWAS NOTHIN°ONUSUAL AN°THATBLAMETHINGDONEJUSTTHAT%VER°SOOFTEN)°DTAKE AQUICKLOOKBEHIND AN°THEREIT°DBE TWOJUMPSBEHIND AN°STILLCOMIN°) EXPECTTOFEELHISTEETHINMYOFFEARANYMINUTE)WONDERIFIT°STHEMOTHER OFTHEPRECOCIOUSADOLESCENT)°VEGOTONMYBACK AN°IFSO JUSTWHENSHE°D DECIDETOWORKMEOVER ORISITJUSTANOTHER"EARTHAT°SMEBBEATTRACTEDBY THEPHENOMINUMOFPERFECTLYGOOD"EARSMELLALLMIXEDUPWITHMAN SCENT )T°SAACADEMICQUESTIONTHAT)DRUTHERWASMOREHYPOTHETICALRIGHTNOW!LL )KNOWIS THEONLY"EARS)°MGOIN°TOLIKEFROMNOWONARETHOSETHATARELAID OUT HARMLESSAN°TEE TOTALLYDEFUNCT AN°READYFORTHESKINNIN°KNIFE )WANTEDLIKEHELLTORUN BUTWHAT°STHEUSE4HE"EARCANOVERTAKEME INTHREEJUMPS AN°ANYHOWIT°SNOSIGNOFAGENTLEMANTOBEINAHURRY) WANTTOSHOUT BUTMYMOUTHAN°THROATISDRYASTHE-OJAVE$ESERT)°M SHIVERIN°AN°SWEATIN°AN°CUSSIN°AN°WISHIN°)KNEWMOREPRAYERS 7HENWE¹NALLYGOTTOWHERETHECRICKWE°DBEENFOLLOWIN°RUNINTOTHE RIVER IT°SALEETLELIGHTER4HEVALLEYISMOREOPEN AN°THESTARSAREOUT AN° )THINKHOWPEACEFULAN°SAFE LIFETHECRICKLOOKEDWHENWEFORDEDITAFEW DAYSBACK )TAKEANOTHERQUICKLOOKBEHINDAN°SEETHE"EAR STILLONMYTRAIL)WISH MYDADDYHADTRAINEDMEFORTHE-INISTRY BUTWHAT°STHEUSE4HENACROSS THERIVER)SEENTHEºICKEROFOURCAMP¹RE AN°HEARDTHEFAINTTINKLEOFTHE HORSEBELLS)DUNNOWHY BUTTHATSEEMEDQUITEAHELP)DON°TWASTEANYTIME LOOKIN°FORAFORDBUTHITTHERIVERJUSTWHERE)WAS¹GURIN°)°DJUSTASLEAF DROWNASBEDESSECTED)WASSHIRTPOCKETSDEEPACOUPLEOFTIMES AN°THIS°N ISAGLACIALRIVER BUTTHATEVENIN°)DIDN°TKNOWIFITWASFREEZIN°ORBOILIN° !BOUT TWO HUNDRED YARDS FROM CAMP ) MANAGED TO LET OUT A SORT OF CROAK ANTHE0ILGRIMAN°OL°'REASYHOLLEREDBACK)SATDOWNTHENTOSTOP MYKNEESFROMSHAKIN°PLUMBOUTOFTHEIRSOCKETS AN°TOLETMYHACKLES SMOOTHDOWN AN°GENERALLYCATCHUPONMYSANGFROID 0D=PJECDPSAWASLOA¹N°AROUNDTHECAMP¹RE)°DHADACOUPLEQUARTSOF COFFEE ASWELLASTHELIVERAN°¹XIN°S ,IFEISLOOKIN°SOMEBETTERTHANITDIDTHATMORNIN°4HEBLISTERAIN°TAS BADASABROKENLAIG AN°)¹GGERACRACKINARIºESTOCKAIN°TGOIN°TOLOSEME NO4ROPHIESINFUTUREHUNTS




3AYS THE 0ILGRIM AGAIN ­4EX ) STILL SAY IT°S WORTH ABOUT ¹VE HUNDRED 'OLD3TANDARDDOLLARS JUSTTOBEALIVEAN°OUTINTHEHILLS® ) SHUTS MY EYES HARD A MINUTE AN° RIGHT AWAY ) SEE THAT SHE 'RIZZLY ON THE TRAIL BEHIND ME 7HEN ) OPEN °EM AGAIN ) SAYS REAL FERVENT LIKE ­0ILGRIM YOUTELLIN°ME ® .ATIONAL3PORTSMAN 3EPTEMBER «




seventeen Tex Takes a Trophy Tex recounts a different kind of trophy hunt—one in which not the size of the ram’s horns, but the difficulty and challenges of the hunt make up the pay-off. He takes care to point out at the beginning and at the end that he has no time for persnickety hobbyists who measure horns and antlers as a means of ranking trophies, and he is also careful to point out that he is hunting for meat as much as for any other reason. As in other places, a strong ethical sense about the proper use of an animal’s flesh and thus about the ethics of hunting informs this piece. Carrying eighty pounds of meat and a large trophy head down a mountain and then all the way home is no mean feat—it’s a classic example of virtuous mountain masculinity. —AG





0AT0=GAO=0NKLDU

!0IPESTONE,ETTER By N. Vernon-Wood -R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET .9



¬7"2ANCH 0IPESTONE#REEK !LBERTA

A=N"NEAJ@ ) GOT THEM DOPE SHEETS YOU SENT ME SO THAT ) CAN MEASURE HEADS IN A SCIENTI¹CACADEMICMANNER!N°THENWHAT 3OMEHOW ) CAN°T GET ALL SPRADDLED OUT ABOUT WEATHER "ILL 'OOFUS° %LK  IS INCHBIGGERTHAN$OCTOR"OHUNKUSES ORIFTHESPECI¹CGRAVITYOFMY 2AMISSPECI¹CERTHANYOURS 7HAT)DOKNOWISTHAT)HADMEONEHELLOFATIMESTALKIN°MY2AM (EWASLAYIN°DOWNONALEDGEABOUTAMILLIONFEETABOVETHEVALLEYWHEN )SPOTTEDHIMTHROUGHTHEOLDEIGHT POWERS(E°DSHUREPICKEDHISROOST WITHJUDGMENTFORESIGHT4HEREWASANONOBSTRUCTEDVIEWINNINETEEN DIFFERENTDIRECTIONS AN°NOTHIN°BUTALPINEMEADOWAN°SLIDEROCKONBOTH SIDESBELOW!2OCK2ABBITCOULDN°THAVECROSSEDWITHINAHALFAMILEAN° KEPTUNDERCOVER )°M HUNTIN° ALONE THAT DAY FOR THE DUAL PURPOSE OF PROVIDIN° MEAT FOR FAMILYEATIN°AN°ACCUMULATIN°AHEADWHICH)CANTACKTOTHECABINWALLTO LOOKATDURIN°THELONGWINTEREVENIN°S4HISONELOOKSLIKEHE°LLANSWERBOTH




PURPOSES BUTTHEY°SATURRIBLELOTOFTERRA¹RMAPILEDUPONENDBETWEEN HIMAN°THEFAMBLYSKILLET 4HE ONLYTHING TO DO IS CIRCUMNAVIGATE THAT MOUNTAIN HE°S PICKED FOR HISMEDITATIONS AN°CLIMBOVER COMIN°ATHIMFROMBEHINDAN°ABOVE3O) PICKETOLD"ALDY TIEMYCOATOTHERDOODADSONTOTHESADDLE AN°BARGEOFF AFOOT WITHFOUR ¹VESHELLS AHANDFULOFDRYPRUNES AEMPTYRUCKSACK )T°SAAXIOMTHATTHECLOSERYOUARETOTHEBASEOFAMOUNTAIN THEFARTHER AROUNDITIS )°VE GOT TO KEEP TO THE TIMBER UNTIL )°VE CIRCLED ENOUGH TO GET OUT OF THE2AM°SLINEOFVISION AN°WHEN)STARTEDOFFTHEDAYWASRIGHTHOT AN° THEMOSQUITOESWASMAKIN°ONELASTSTANDBEFORETHEEARLYFROSTSPUTTHE RUNON°EM 4HE TRAVELING WASN°T ANY BOULEVARD EITHER BEIN° MOSTLY DEADFALL AN° UNDERBRUSH )T MUST°A TOOK ME TWO HOURS TO GET TO WHERE ) COULD DO AN %XCELSIOR AN° REACH FOR HIGHER  BETTER THINGS )T°S ANOTHER TWO GAININ° ALTITUDE AN° ) WAS PERSPIRIN° FREE AN° COPIOUS 4HAT AIN°T QUITE THE WORD EITHER)WASSWEATIN°LIKEALOCO"ULL )STOPPEDINTHELEEOFABIGLIMESTONEROCKTOCOOLOFF AN°NOTICEDTHAT THEREWASABIGBANKOFBLACKCLOUDCOMIN°UPFROMTHEEAST AN°THATTHE WINDHADSWUNGFROMTHESOUTHWEST UNTILITWASRIGHTBEHINDTHATSTORM DRIVIN°ITALONG 4HETHINGTODOISDOITPRONTO SO)STARTTOSTALKDOWNFORTHELEDGEAN° THE2AM)AIN°TSEENHIMASYET BUT)°VEGOTAPRETTYGOODIDEAWHERETHAT GUYIS.OTMORETHANTHREEHUNDREDYARDS )THINK SO)STARTRIGHTCAREFUL SO°SNOTTOSTARTANYROCKSSLIDIN°RACKETIN° STOPPIN°FREQUENTTOCHECKOVER THETERRAIN 4HEWINDHELDSTEADY BLOWIN°ACROSSFROMMYLEFT BUTIT°SGETTIN°AEDGE ONIT AN°INSTEADOFGOINGROUNDITCUTSPLUMBTHROUGHAMAN4HEN)SEE THE2AM4HATIS )COULDSEETHEBACKSWEEPOFHISHORNS BUTNOTHIN°ELSE TOMAKEATARGET )°M IN A SPOT &ROM WHERE )°M CROUCHED ON A SLAB THEY°S NOTHIN° BUT LOOSESHALETHAT°LLRATTLETHEMINUTE)PUTAFOOTONIT)CAN°TGETANYPLACEBY GOIN°DOWNWIND BECAUSETHEREISAGULLYTHATMIGHTBEEASYFORTHE%VEREST EXPEDITION BUTFORAWADDYWITHOUTAROPEORPITONS IT°SUSELESS3OWHAT 7AITHIMOUT AN°WHENASORIFHEGETSUP SLAPHIMDOWNAGEN ORSCARE HIMUP AN°TAKEACHANCEONPLASTERIN°HIMWHILEHE°SONHISWAY (AVIN° TOILED THUS FAR ) DECIDE TO PLAY POKER AN° WAIT ) GOT INTO AS COMFORTABLEASTANCEASTHEMOUNTAINALLOWED AN°REACHEDFORTHEMAKIN°S


4HEY°REINMYCOATONTHESADDLE AN°FORPURPOSESOFCONSOLATIONMIGHTAS WELLBEINA3COTCHMAN°SPOCKETIN!ULD2EEKIE3O)EATAPRUNE$IDYOU EVEREATADRYPRUNE WHENYOUWHOLESYSTEMISCRAVIN°ABOUTSIXDRAGSOF "ULL$URHAM 4HENTHATSQUALLSNUCKUPONME&IRSTITHAILED AN°THEWINDDROVETHE STONESLIKE""SHOT4HENITSNOWED7ET JUICYºAKESASBIGASSPUDS AN° THENITSETTLEDDOWNTOANICESTEADYRAIN4HEREWASTIMES)COULDN°TSEE ¹VE FEET IN ANY DIRECTION AN° )°M SCARED THAT /VIS WILL QUIT THE COUNTRY AN°MEKNOWNOTHIN°ABOUTIT*USTASTHESNOWWASQUITTIN° )HEARDACLICK BELOWONTHESHALE AN°THREWOFFTHESAFETY JUSTINTIMETOSEEASHADOWY FORM DRIFTIN° ACROSS THE TALUS DOWN WIND ) LET HER ºICKER AN° HE COME DOWNBANG AN°THENGOTUP GOIN°DOWNHILLONTHREELEGSANDASWINGER (E°SHITBAD ORHEWOULD°VECLIMBED SO)FOLLOWTHEBLOODTRAIL TAKIN°CARE NOT TO CROWD HIM (E°LL WEAKEN AN° LIE DOWN IF ) KEEP BACK AN° LET HIM TAKEHISTIME !TTHATIT°SGETTIN°DUSKBEFORE)LOCATEHIMLAYIN°INAGULLY JUSTABOVE THEGRASSLANDS4HENEXTSHOT¹NISHEDHIM AN°ITWASPLUMBDARKWHEN )°D¹NISHEDSKINNIN°AN°DESSECTING)LOADEDABOUTEIGHTYPOUNDSOFMEAT INTHERUCKSACK AN°TAKIN°THEHEADINONEHAND AN°THE3PRING¹ELDINTHE OTHER STUMBLEDALONGTOWHEREMYFAITHFULSTEEDISWAITIN° /NLYHEAIN°T7HEN)GETTOWHERE)LEFTHIMTHERE°SONLYABUSTEDPICKET PIN!N°THEMAKINS°ARESTILLONTHESADDLE 0DAOGUS=OPQNJEJ¤GRAYINTHEEASTWHEN)¹NALLYDRAGGEDMYSELFINTO THESHACK4HEWIFEBAWLEDHELLOUTOFMEFORLETTIN°THATOLDKNOTHEADCOME HOMEWITHANEMPTYSADDLE#LAIMEDSHEWASSCAREDTODEATH ALTHOUGH SHESHUREDIDN°TSOUNDLIKEAFRIGHTENEDWOMANTOME )STILLGOTTHATHEAD0ERSONAL )DON°TGIVETHREEWHOOPSIN3HEOLIFYOU ORANYONEELSEHASABIGGERONE)T°SHANGIN°OVERTHE¹REPLACE AN°EVERY TIME)LOOKATIT )FORGETHOWCOLDMISERABLESMOKE HUNGRY)WAS!LL )KNOWISTHATITWASONEOFTHEBESTDAY°SSTALKIN°)EVERDONE9OUCAN°TPUT THATINNORECORDBOOK )°MGOIN°TOTAKEAºOCKOFDUDESDOWNTO,AKE-INNEWANKANEXTWEEK FOR¹SHIN°)TANYTHIN°INTERESTIN°DEVELOPS )°LLGIVEYOUTHELOWDOWN 9OURSTRULY 0AT

(UNTINGAND&ISHING /CTOBER 


eighteen Sawback Cleans a Laker Another Pipestone Letter, this piece pokes gentle fun at the outrageous yarns and antics of Tex’s sidekick Sawback and at the credulity of the paying customers. It is straightforward in that it has no tension regarding Tex’s usual issues: civilization vs. wilderness, masculinity, class, and gender. Although this story is explicitly set at Lake Minnewanka, just outside Banff (Aylmer Point is mentioned twice), this story was clearly written to appeal to American readers: When the fishing is good on this lake, Tex writes, “all you got to do is heave over yore hook with a pants button or just a written invitation onto it, an the Lakers will grab on like a Congressman to a pwa appropriation.” The Public Works Administration was a godsend to Depression-era communities and their congressmen. The image of elected officials eager for appropriations and ear-marks was as familiar then as it is now, apparently. This story illustrates clearly that while Tex did not disguise the Canadian Rockies, his stories were not about specific places or place, and were intended primarily for American readers. —AG




/=S>=?GHA=JO=(=GAN

!NOTHER0IPESTONE,ETTER By N. Vernon-Wood -R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET .9



7"2ANCH 0IPESTONE#REEK !LBERTA

A=N"NEAJ@ -EAN°3AWBACK3MITHJUSTGOTTHROUGHWITHAºOCKOF0ISCATORIAL0ILGRIMS THATCAMEUPFORTHEFALLLAKETROUTIN° ANDTHEYSHUREGOTALLTHEBREAKS %VERY SO OFTEN A MAN CAN HIT ,AKE -INNEWANKA WHEN CONDITIONS ARE JUSTRIGHT SOTHATALLYOUGOTTODOISHEAVEOVERYOREHOOKWITHAPANT°S BUTTONORJUSTAWRITTENINVITATIONONTOIT AN°THE,AKERSWILLGRABONLIKEA #ONGRESSMANTOALS=APPROPRIATION (ONEST )°VEETSOMUCH¹SHTHISLASTWHILETHAT)HAVEAHELLOFATIME RESTRAININ°MYSELFFROMJUMPIN°ATºIES 7HENWEARROVEATTHESCENEOFOUR¹SHIN°PICNIC THINGSWASLOOKING SOMEPROPITIOUS7EPITCHEDCAMPAT#RANBERRY"AY DRUGOURHOME MADE PUDDLEDUCKOUTERTHECACHE AN°3AWBACKPADDLEDTHEFEVERED0ILGRIMSOUT WHILE)STAYEDINCAMPTOBUILDABANNOCK9OUDON°TGETBLISTERSONYOUR MITTSFROMCOOKIN° LESS°NYOUGETTOOCLOSTTOTHE¹RE 4HERE°S ONE DISADVANTAGE ABOUT LETTIN° 3AWBACK OFF ALONE WITH A ºOCK OF0ILGRIMS!SARECONTOORHESHUREFANCIESHISSELF AN°ISAPTTOTAKETHE BRIDLEOFFHISIMAGINATIONAN°TURNITLOOSE5NLESSYOU°REPRESENT IT°SRIGHT


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nineteen Sawback Changes His Mind This story is one of a pair, written at some remove from each other, that addresses a trip with a long-time client, Doc Kent and, with his new wife, Diana (Di). In this version, Sawback is skeptical at first, but is won over, as is Tex, by the woman’s “sporting” nature, good sense and ability to climb and hunt, reversing gender roles and winning the mountain mens’ approval for her ability to assume mountain masculinity. Di insists on first names (and an abbreviation at that), carries her own rifle through the mountains, refuses to give up trailing a gut-shot animal until she finishes the job, and skins it herself (thus getting properly dirty, of course). She is, therefore, a proper hunter, and a “reg’lar,” one of them: not just an honorary man, which would not yet be much, but an honorary mountain man. In the other, less charitable, version, “It’s a Woman’s World,” the female client plays it closer to the gender conventions of the time, refuses to climb or participate in the strenuous business of stalking or skinning, preferring to stay near camp; but she manages cool-headedly to bag three prime specimens within walking distance of camp, while Tex and Doc scramble up and down mountainsides to no avail. Her aplomb and success as a hunter win her the guides’ grudging respect. The Pipestone Letters, written in the middle of Tex’s writing career (1932–37), are characterized by a high generosity of spirit; some of the other stories concentrate more on mischief, low fun, or cussedness. A photograph of Diana standing with a rifle and a felled mountain goat on scree completes the story. —AG and JR




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!NOTHER0IPESTONE,ETTER By N. Vernon-Wood -R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET .EW9ORK#ITY

7"2ANCH 0IPESTONE#REEK !LBERTA

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twenty Tex Tangles With Horribilis Tex uses the coarse language of the times (“Chinaman,” “Chink,” and “coolie”). He is afraid that he has mistaken a Chinese worker for a bear and shot him by mistake. His tongue-in-cheek remarks are at best ambiguous: “Chinamen are sort of sacrosanct up here, a paternal govt figurin’ they are plumb harmless, an’ oncapable of protectin’ themselves in the Crude West, so it costs a man plenty even if he only takes a playful poke at one. I figger that for blastin’ one I’ll get hung.” It does not stretch charity to read this at face value as implying that Chinese workers were indeed harmless and that he was in fact afraid that he might just have shot someone who posed no threat. But the jocular tone is jarring even if it is meant to be of a piece with Tex’s mountain persona. The racist language and tone make it hard to read this story with enjoyment today. —AG









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!NOTHER0IPESTONE,ETTER By N. Vernon-Wood -R*OHN,INCOLN 7ALL3TREET .EW9ORK#ITY

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(UNTINGAND&ISHING -AY AND




twenty-one Navigatin’ for Namaycush “Namaycush,” the fish in this story, is an aboriginal word for fish, but the full term refers to the biological name for a type of freshwater salmon found in central and eastern North America, Salvelinus namaycush. It is possible that Tex could have known this aboriginal word, but since the word does not refer to fish or groups of Native people found in the Rockies, it could also be that Tex knew the scientific term. It is not the only time that Tex uses correct scientific terminology (see “Rams”). Instead of a way to showcase his work for the Smithsonian, this time the technical reference is the source of the joke in the story, where Tex pretends that he and Sawback have been conducting “scientific” research during a rather unfortunate attempt to catch a fish. As in other stories, Tex combines down-home phrases with Latin references, classical allusions, and Hollywood to make him seem as if he belongs in the Rockies, but can make fun of redneck habits at the same time. —JR




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By N. Vernon-Wood %P¤OPD=PPEIAKBUA=NWHENWINTERDALLIESINTHELAPOFSPRING AN°THE GEESE ARE ºYIN° NORTH )T°S OPEN SEASON FOR BEAR POETS AN° SULPHUR AN° MOLASSESTIMETOOILSADDLESAN°THINKABOUTBREAKIN°THEODDCOLT)T°SALSO THESEASONWHENYOU°REALWAYSSORTOFFEDUPWITHWHATYOUHAVEBEENDOIN° AN°GETTOWISHIN°YOUWASAPARSON ORAFANDANCER¬ORSOMETHIN° )°VE JUST GOT IN FROM THE +OOTENAY &LATS WITH A BUNCH OF PONIES )°D WINTEREDTHERE AN°IFYOUTHINK)DIDN°THAVEONEHELLOFATIME YOU°RECRAZY 4HEMBONE HEADSWASFEELIN°ALTOGETHERTOOGOOD AN°)WOREOUTTHREEGOOD SADDLEHORSESHAZIN°THEMCRITTERSHITHERAN°YON*USTABOUTTHETIME)°D HAVE°EMHEADEDDOWNTHETRAILFORHOME SOMEONREDEEMED¹LLYWOULD DUCKHERNUT KICKATTHESUN AN°TEAROFFINTOTHETIMBERINTHEGENERAL DIRECTIONOF6ANCOUVER TAKIN°HALFTHEHERDWITHHER "Y THE TIME )°D HAVE THEM HEADED OFF THE REST OF THE BUNCH WOULD BE LOOPIN° DOWN THE BACK TRAIL LIKE CATS SHOT IN THE TAIL WITH A BOOTJACK (OWEVER )¹NALLYGOT°EMINTOTHEHOMEPASTURE AFTERTHREEDAYS°HONEST TO GOSH BUSH WRANGLIN° AND AM SETTIN° OUT ON THE STOOP WISHIN° ) WAS #LARK 'ABLE AN° THAT *EAN (ARLOW WAS IN THE CABIN MAKIN° SOUR DOUGH BISCUITS INSTEADOFMEHAVIN°TODOIT WHEN)HEARFOOTPRINTS )T°S 3AWBACK 3MITH RIDIN° HIS WALL EYED PINTO (E DROPS THE REINS AN° COMESOVER­$ON°TYOUNEVERDONOTHIN°BUTSETAN°LISSENTOTHEMUSICOF THESPHEERS®HEASKS ­3HORESOMETIMES)SETAN°LISSENTOEEGERIOUSHOMBRESTHATTALKJUSTTOHEAR THEIRTEETHRATTLE ®)TELLSHIM­7HAT°SONYOREMIND BESIDESYOREHAIR®


­)¹GGERED)COULDMEBBESELLYOUAFEWBRONKS)GOTMORETHAN)GOT RANGEFOR AN°)°LLMAKEYOUAGOODDEALONAºOCKOFUNBROKETHREE YEAR OLDS ®HESEZ ­9OUCAN°T AN°YOUWON°T)°MSURFEETEDWITHBRONKS BROKE UNBROKE ORJUST SO SO)DON°TGIVEALONG DRAWN OUTHOOTINHELLIF)NEVERSEEANOTHERHORSE PONY CAYUSE MUSTANG OREVENATHREE TOEDEOHIPPUS)°MGOIN°TOSHOOTMY OWNBUNCH AN°BEA6ULGABOATMAN ORAMILLIONAIRE°SCHAUFFER)°MFEDUP AN°STOVEUP SOYOUSHUTUPAN°UNLOADTHATSKINFULOFMISERYYOU°RERIDIN° AN° GOINSIDEAN°RUSTLEENOUGHGRUBFORBOTHOFUS7HEN)°VEET MEBBEE)°LLFEEL MOREHUMAN!N°MEBBEE)WON°T SEEIN°WHO°SDOIN°THECOOKIN°® !SAMATTEROFFACK /L°3AWBACKISTHEBESTCOOKWESTOFTHE'REAT,AKES SO ABOUT AN HOUR LATER )°M FEELIN° MORE LIKE A WHITE MAN AGEN ) RECKON THAT°SWHATMAKESMESTRIKEATHISBAIT 7E°RE LAYIN° ON THE BUNKS SMOKIN° WHEN HE ASKS ­$ID YOU EVER ¹SH $EVIL°S,AKETHISTIMEOFYEAR® ­.ORANYOTHERTIME ®)TELLHIM­)AIN°TGOTABOAT IT°STOOFAROFFMY RANGE AN°WHAT)DON°TKNOWABOUTLAKETROUTWOULD¹LLALIBERRY"ESIDES THERE°SGOOD¹SHIN°RIGHTHEREINTHE0IPESTONE® ­!N°STREAM¹SHIN°DON°TOPENTILL*ULY AN°THELAKEWILLBELEGALONTHE THOF-AY WHICHISFOURDAYSFROMNOW*IM"ARKERTOLDMEHE°DLOANME ABOATANYTIME AN°)CANGET0AT2OGERSTODRIVEUSOVERINHISºIVVER,ET°S YOUAN°METAKEATENTAN°SOMEGRUB ROWDOWNTOTHEEASTEND AN°CAMP FORAFEWDAYS7ECAN¹SHAN°RELAXOURSOULSTHEYWON°TBENOPONIESTO WRANGLE AN°NOTHIN°TODOBUTANGLEAN°EAT® )TSEEMSLIKEARIGHTPIOUSIDEA)SHORENEEDACHANGE AN°SETTIN°INA BOATDRAGGIN°ASPOONONTHEENDOFALINESOUNDSRIGHTDOLCEFARNIENTE AS THEYSAYIN%NSENADA SO)LETSMYSELFINFORIT 0DNAAŸBKQN@=UOH=PAN)HEARWHATSOUNDSLIKEACHIVAREECOMIN°OVERA ROUGHTRAIL AN°0AT2OGERS°CHARIOTCOMESTOASUDDENSTOPWITHTHERADIATOR HALFWAYTHROUGHTHEGATE /L°3AWBACKUNWINDSHISSELFFROMTHEOFFGATE POST AN°WELOADUPOUR ºEABAGSAN°CAMPINGOUT¹T)TAKEARODAN°REELALONG INSPITEOF3MITTY°S INSISTIN°THATTHEYAREONNECESSARY THISBEIN°ATROLLIN°PROPOSITION 0AT BESIDESBEIN°)RISH AN°THEREFORESOMEMERCURICAL DRIVESLIKETHEY°SA WARDENAFTERHIM AN°THEY°SACOUPLETIMESBEFOREWEGETTO"ARKER°SWHEN) ALMOSTWISH)WASSITTIN°ONSOMEORNERYKNOTHEADTHATISONLYJUSTBUCKIN°




-OREBYLUCKTHANJUDGMENT WEGETTOTHELAKEAN°¹ND*IM°SBOAT7E LOADOURJUNKABOARD 3AWBACKTAKESTHEOARS AN°WEPUSHOFF 4HERE AIN°T ANY PLACE WHERE THE LAKE IS MORE THAN A MILE WIDE AN° 3AWBACKTELLSMETHATHESAWFEETOFASURVEYOR°SCHAINLETDOWNBEFORE THEENDTOUCHEDBOTTOM AN°)DON°TNEEDANYONETOTELLMETHATIFTHEWATER WASANYCOLDER 3ONJA(EINIECOULDUSEITBETTERTHANUS 7HENTHEICEBREAKSUP WHICHINTHISNECKOFTHEWOODSISAROUNDLATE !PRIL OR EARLY -AY THE PREVAILIN° WIND COMIN° FROM THE WEST GRADUALLY DRIVESTHEICEDOWNTOTHELOWERENDOFTHELAKE(EREITPILESUP MAKIN° A ¹ELD THAT SOMETIMES YOU COULD DRIVE A TEAM OVER AN° SOMETIMES NOT 3AWBACKCLAIMSTHATALONGTHEEDGEOFTHISICE PACKISWHERETHEREALTOP HOLE¹SHIN°IS,AKERSRUNNIN°UPTOLBS FOB(ESAYSTHATASLONGAS THEWATERSTAYSCOLD AN°THEICEISTHERETOMAKEITCOLDERIFPOSSIBLE THEBIG ¹SHFEEDCLOSETOTHESURFACE!SSUMMERCOMESALONG AN°THETEMPERATURE RISES THENTHETROUTDUCKFORDEEPERDEPTHS AN°AREFUSSYASTOWHATTHEY WILLSTRIKEON 7ELL THEICEISWAITIN°FORUS4HELASTHALFMILEOFLAKEISPLUMBCOVERED SO WE BEACH THE CORACLE AN° MAKE CAMP ABOUT A HUNDRED YARDS BACK IN THESPRUCE "YEVENIN°WE°VEGOTALLORGANIZED WITHAWOODPILEAJERAFFCOULDN°TSEE OVER)TSEEMSKINDOFSTRANGENOTTOHEARTHEHORSEBELLS ORWORRYABOUT HOWFARYOU°LLHAVETOWALKFORASADDLEHORSEINTHEMORNIN°*USTBEFORE) DROPOFFTOSLEEP)SAYTO3AWBACKTHATTHISLOOKSLIKEMONEYFROMHOME )°VENOTICEDTHATTHEGRASSHEREISBELLYDEEPTOATALL)NDIAN WHICHMAKES ITACINCHTHATDIDWEHAVETHEHOSSESALONG THEY°DLEAVEITAN°DRIFTEIGHT MILESTOWHEREITWOULDN°TRUNHALFATONTOTHESECTION4HEONLYREPLY)GET SOUNDSLIKEADULLBUZZ SAWHITTIN°ARAILROADSPIKE 3EEIN°3AWBACK°SDONETHEHEAVYWORKYESTERDAY )°MOUT¹RSTNEXT= I AN°STARTTHECOFFEEGOIN°7HENTHEBACONISDONE )STICKMYHEADINTHE TENTAN°ASKCANHESTAGGEROUTAN°GETIT ORDOESHEEXPECTROOMSERVICE (EGRABSHISPANTSAN°ATOWELAN°SPRINTSTOTHELAKE WHILE)PUTONEOVER BYWASHIN°INNICEWARMWATERINCAMP)NEVERWASONEOFTHESE HERECOLD PLUNGEADDIKS )HEAR3MITTYMAKIN°ONEGODAWFULRACKETDOWNTOTHELAKE AN°THINK MEBBEE )°D BETTER DRIFT DOWN AN° SEE HAS HE DROPPED HIS STORE TEETH IN 7HEN)GETTHEREHE°SCUSSINSOMETHIN°SCANDALOUS ­4HATONMENTIONABLEDINGEYISADRIFTABOUTYARDSOFFSHORE AN°WHY




INTHENAMEOFTHELITTLEPINKPAJAMASOF&RANK"UCK°SPETPYTHONDIDN°T YOUTIETHEPERISHIN°THINGUP®HEWANTSTOKNOW ­3HUCKS )THOUGHTITWASBROKETOSTANDWITHTHEREINSDOWN ®)TELLHIM 3AHH SA ?=J¤P ?K=T IT BACK INTO CAMP WITH A PAN OF OATS SO WE DRAW STRAWSAN°NATCHELLY)GETTHESHORTONE.OBODY°SEVERCOMPLIMENTEDME ONMY¹GGERINFACK )GOTTOSTANDTWICEINTHESAMEPLACEBEFORE)THROW ASHADER SOWHEN)GETCOLD )°MCOLDALLOVERAN°PLUMBTHROUGH"EFORE )°VECAUGHTUPWITHTHATGALLOPIN°GALLEON)°MSOCHILLED)°MSPITTIN°HOAR FROST)CLIMBABOARD SCRAPIN°ENOUGHHIDEOFF°NMETOMAKEAMAN SIZED HANKERCHIFF AN°PADDLEBACKTOCAMPSTROKIN°ANYWAY (ALF AN HOUR LATER 3AWBACK WANTS TO KNOW ARE WE GOIN° ¹SHIN° OR DO ) ¹GGER ON STANDIN° AROUND CAMP ALL DAY TRYIN° TO SHIVER MYSELF WARM SOWEGODOWNTOTHEOOMIACK AN°)HAVEN°TANYGOODARGUMENTTOBRING FORWARDWHENHESAYS)°DBETTERDOTHEROWIN°ASTHEEXERCISEWILLKEEPME FROMSOLIDIFYIN° $ID)SAY$EVIL°S,AKEWASN°TANYMORETHANAMILEWIDE-EBBEITAIN°T THE ¹RST THREE«FOUR TIMES YOU ROW ACROSS BUT BY THE TIME CURFEW TOLLED THEKNELLOFPARTIN°DAYSOMETHIN°HASHAPPENED4HATLAKEISNOTMILES WIDE BYKNOTSLONG)°VEGOTACOUPLEOFHALFHITCHESINMYVERTIBRA FOURBLISTERSONMYLUNCHHOOKS AN°ASLIVERWHERE)CAN°TSEEIT3AWBACK HASENOUGHTROUTTOMAKEAMEAL IFWEUSEALLFOUROF°EM ­7HAT WERE YOU SAYIN° ABOUT SIXTY POUND TROUT® ) ASK NEXT MORNING WHILE)°MTRYIN°TOSTRAIGHTENTHEKINKSINMYFRAMEWORK ­4HEY°REHERE ®HESEZ ­AN°)KNOWGUYSWHOHAVETOOK°EM® ­9EAH BUTYOUAN°MEAIN°TGOIN°TOBEANYOF°EM ®)REPLY­-E )°MGOIN° TOTRYTHISROD WITHASPINNER AN°PLAYWITHTHELITTLEFELLERS9OU 3AWBACK CANCOMEALONGAN°PLAYYOU°REANOUTBOARDMOTOR® 4HELAKEISSMOOTHASTEN YEAR OLD3COTCH3AWBACKPULLSSLOWLYALONG THE EDGE OF THE ICE ¹ELD AN° ) SPOT A RISE JUST AHEAD /NE OF THEM SLOW EASYBREAKS THATGENERALLYINDICATEBIG¹SH)°VERIGGEDMYSELFWITHASIX FOOTLEADER A.OPEARLYSPINNER WITHASLICEOF¹SHBELLYONFORADDED ATTRACTION4HE¹RSTCASTDRAWSABLANK BUTAS)°MRECOVERIN°ONTHESECOND ) FEEL SOMETHIN° LIKE )°VE SNAGGED INTO A SMALL LOG 4HERE AIN°T ANY RUSH LIKEACUTTHROATMAKES NORANYOFTHATVIBRATIONYOUGETWHENYOUSETYOUR HOOKINARAINBOWINSWIFTWATER)GIVEALIGHTPULL JUSTTOSEEAM)INTOA SLEEPERORANOLDBOOT AN°THAT¹SHCOMESTOLIFE(ETRIESTOGETUNDERTHE ICE AN°)HAVEAHELLOFATIMETURNIN°HIM4HENHEMAKESARUNSTRAIGHT


FORTHESCHOONER AN°)°MREELIN°INATRPMASHEDUCKSUNDERTHEBOAT WITHAºOCKOFSLACKLINE4HENHEDECIDESTOGOAN°SEEIF3AWBACKWASLYIN° ABOUTTHATFEETOFCHAIN AN°THERODLOOKSLIKEABARRELHOOP)T°SAGOOD THINGOURPINNACEISBUILTLIKE+ATE3MITH BECAUSE)°MBRACIN°MY.UMBER 4WELVESAGAINSTTHEGUNNEL AN°3AWBACKISJUMPIN°AROUNDYELLIN°WHATHE THINKSISTECHNICALADVICE BUTWHICH)°MTOOBUSYTOATTENDTO $ON°TASKMYHOWLONGTHATFELLERFOUGHTYOUKNOWDANGWELLYOU°DLIE ABOUTITYOURSELF"UT)HAVETOWRANGLEWITHHIMQUITEAWHILE/FCOURSE WEDON°THAVEANYLANDIN°NET SO)HAVETOGETHIMPLUMBTAMEBEFORE)REEL HIMCLOSEENOUGHFOR3AWBACKTOSLIPHIS¹NGERSUNDERTHEGILLSANDHEAVE HIMABOARD.O HEAIN°TANYRECORDINTHELIGHTOFDAY BUTHE°LLGOMEBBE EIGHTPOUNDS AN°HE°SOUNCESOFHARD¹GHTIN°MEAT ­,ISSEN FELLER ®)SEZ AFTER)DISGORGETHESPINNER­)FTHESEBABIESWILL COMEUPFORTHIS THEY°LLRISETOAºY)°MGOINGTOTRYA2OYAL#OACHMANAN° THIS)BISTHATAPILGRIMGIVEMELASTSUMMER® ­)ALWAYSTHOUGHTYOUWASSOMELOCO BUTNOW)KNOWIT.OBODYEVERTOOK TROUTINTHISMAN°SLAKEEXCEPTONATROLL®4HISISALLTHEENCOURAGEMENT) GET SO)MAKEAPROPOSITION)°LL¹SHOFFTHEICEPACK AND3AWBACKCANTAKE THEDINGEYAN°DRAGHISLOORSOVERTHEBACK AN°WEWON°TBECRAMPIN°EACH OTHER°SSTYLE %?HEI>KJPKPDAE?AAN°GETREADYTOCOMMENCETOBEGIN&ORAWHILE IT LOOKS LIKE THE OLD HOSS THERE IS RIGHT ) CAST AN° CAST AN° CAST SOME MORE WITHOUTARISE)°VEGOTSOMEFEDUPAN°CARELESS WHEN)SEETHERE°S SOMETHIN° DOIN° AT THE BOAT 3MITTY HAS DROPPED THE OARS AN° IS HAULING LINE!BOUTTWENTYFEETASTERN A¹SHTHATLOOKSLIKE-OBY$ICKHISSELFBUSTS WATER!N°JUSTWHEN)AIN°TATTENDIN°TOMYOWNKNITTIN° )GETMEASTRIKE )°MSTANDIN°ONTHEEDGEOFANICEPANTHATSLOPESDOWNINTOTHEDRINK LIKE THEGABLEENDOFA$UTCHHOUSE AN°NEXTTHINK)KNOW )°MONTHEPARTOF METHATCHAIRSAREMADEFOR SLIDIN°SLOWBUTSTEADYINTHEGENERALDIRECTION OFANUNPREMEDITATEDBATH)CLINGTOMYRODWITHONEHAND AN°GRABFOR AHOLTWITHTHEOTHER BUTONTHATICETHEREAIN°TANYHOLTS*USTASMYPANTS BEGINTO¹LLUP )ROLLOVERAN°STARTTOCRAWLREALCELERIOUS)JUSTMAKEIT BUTTHETIPOFMYROD°SBUSTED AN°OLE#RISTIVOMERISGONEWITHMYFANCY )BISAN°HALFTHELEADER ­'ENTLE *OSEPH ® SEZ 3AWBACK THAT NIGHT FOR THE NINETY SEVENTH TIME ­BUTYOUSHORELOOKEDSUPERºUOUS SLIPPIN°DOWNTHATICEONYOURTAIL® ­-EBBESO ®)REPLY VERYDIGNI¹ED ­TOALOWMENTALITYLIKEYOURN BUT



USPIONEERSALWAYSEXPECTHARDSHIPAN°DISCOMFORTWHENWE°REENGAGEDIN SCIENTI¹CRESEARCH® ­2ESEARCH®SEZOLD3AWBACK ­3HORE ®)SEZ EDGIN°FORTHEPORTALSOFTHERAGHOUSE­AIN°T)RESEARCHED AN°PROVEDTHEMNAMAYCUSH°LLTAKEAºY® 7HICH)¹GGER)HAVE

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twenty-two What’s in a Name? This late story (1938) echoes earlier satires poking fun at British hunters for their love of fancy equipment and gadgets, baths, shaving, and other civilian ablutions foreign to the proper mountain man in his mountain camp. The “pilgrim” disgraces himself both by his elaborate morning toilette and by making a noise that causes a prize moose to bolt. However, he redeems himself somewhat by shooting the moose later the same day, when it unaccountably shows up where the hunter and Tex are fishing. The sly introduction of a gentlemanly code of sportsmanship upends the dominant ethos of the piece—animal-savvy guides, stupid pilgrim—when the hunter shouts to spook the moose into running… —AG




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By N. Vernon-Wood ¡"=N>AEPBNKIIA¢SAYS3AWBACK3MITH ­TOCASTANYASPERSIONSONYOUR NATIONALITY FELLER BUTYOUGOTTAADMITTHATHUNTIN°WITHSOMEOFTHESEHERE #OUNTYFAMILIESISWHATCURDLESTHEMILKOFHUMANKINDNESS AN°FRAYSTO HELLTHECINCHTHATBINDSTHE%MPIRE® )°MTAKINGTHESCALPOFFARAM AN°HADGOTTOTHEEYES WHEREYOU°VEGOTTO USEACERTAINAMOUNTOFDISCRETIONAN°ALIGHTHAND ORYOU°LLNICKSTHELIDS SO)JUSTSAY5H5H AN°KEEPONSKINNIN° 4HE (ON &ITZWILLIAM 3MYTH 3MYTH HAS PLASTERED THIS #ANADENSIS YESTERDAY AN° SEEIN° THAT HIS TROPHIES HAS GOT TO BE SHIPPED TO SOME TAXIDERMISTIN,ONDONWHOMOUNTS°EMFOR(IS-AJESTYAN°THE.OBILITY )°MTRYIN°TODOACLEANWORKMANLIKEJOB4HEREAIN°TGONNABENOCOMEBACK ABOUTHAIRSLIPPIN°ORSLOPPYºESHIN° NOTIF)CANHELPIT 7HEN)°DGOTPASTTHEEYES AN°WASWHITTLIN°DOWNTHENOSECARTILAGE ) ASK 3AWBACK WHAT HAS STIRRED UP THE MUD IN THE PLACID SPRING OF HIS DISPOSITIONTHISTIME ­-YOLDMANCOMEOUTHEREFROM-ASSACHUSETTSBEFORETHE2IEL2EBELLION AN°THEY°SBEEN3MITHSIN.EW%NGLANDFURJUSTASLONGASTHEY°VEBEENIN 3LOCUM IN THE -OORS "RUMMAGEMSHIRE ®SAYSMYSIDEKICK­!N°IFTHAT MONOCLE MANIPULATIN° 'UMP CHINNED WOODBINER CALLS ME A GHILLIE ONE MORETIME )°MA GOIN°TORE ENACT#ONCORD "UNKER(ILL AN°9ORKTOWNALL OVERAGAINONHISDESICCATEDFRAME® ­3HUCKS ®)SAYS ­IT°SANATIONALHABIT%VERSINCE"ILL3HAKESPEAREASKS




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.ATIONAL3PORTSMAN &EBRUARY «AND




twenty-three Sawback and the Sporting Proposition Tex plays riffs all up and down the scale of language in this piece in a virtuoso register worthy of English satirist P.G. Wodehouse. The Indian fishing story trades on stereotypes about Aboriginal people as fascinating and yet uncultured, certainly, but it also gently lampoons the “sportsmanlike” fishing of the white protagonists with a slightly grudging nod to the efficiency and practicality of Aboriginal food-gathering. One senses here a form of reverse Romantic sensibility about the Noble Savage but this time the “Siawash” [aboriginal people], ironically called “noble aborigine[s],”1 are the really sensible ones; while white fishermen insist on “sporting” conduct in an impractical way. —AG and JR

3EENOTEONPAGEFORADISCUSSIONOFTHETERM­3IWASH®





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.ATIONAL3PORTSMAN -AY AND




twenty-four The Wild Goose Chase The only story in this collection not signed “N. Vernon-Wood,” this is also the only piece not set in the Rockies or adjacent ranges (Selkirks, Cariboos, etc). One reason for using a fictitious name is that another story of his, “It’s a Woman’s World,” appeared in the same issue of the magazine. Tex seems to have been trying his hand at a genre piece outside of his own immediate experience—or perhaps he hunted in New Jersey when visiting one of his Wall Street or other New York clients [his daughter Dorothy, herself also a mountain guide, on and off, until her seventies, visited some of them in the 1950s, with my father Harry in tow—AG]. The style is clearly the same as in the other “straight stories,” and the gentle irony alone would mark this as one of Tex’s. It is worth noting that mountain masculinity is transposed here into the register of winter masculinity; a man’s ability to withstand the cold functioning as a gauge of his hunting prowess on cold marches and sea-shores in early winter. Success comes only at the expense of considerable discomfort and risk, though these are clearly secondary to the successful hunt and occasion some grumbling on the part of the narrator. —AG




National Sportsman, October 1938

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® ­.O ® (ANK WAS THOUGHTFUL ­THE WATER IS SHALLOW OUT THERE ! BOAT CANBEPOLEDTHROUGHIT)DON°TBELIEVEITWILLBLOWAWAY®(ETHOUGHTTHE PROBLEMOVERACOUPLEOFMINUTES­)DON°TBELIEVEITWILL ®HEREPEATED ­7ELL ®)SAID ­)KNOWHOWITIS!GOOSEISARARETHINGINTHISSECTION ANDYOUHATETOLOSEHIM!NDSINCEIT°SYOURIDEA )THINKYOU°RETHEMAN TOGETTHEGANDER® 7EDUGTHEBOATOUTOFTHESNOWANDWHILE)STOODBYTOYELLANDSHOOT ANDGENERALLYACTASAFOG HORNINCASEHESHOULDLOSESIGHTOFTHESHORE (ANKTHE6IKINGPUTOUTTOSEA !BOUTTWOHUNDREDYARDSOUTHETURNEDATRIGHTANGLESWITHTHESHORE ANDSTARTEDPOLINGALONGWITHMOREENTHUSIASMTHANPROGRESS"ETWEEN ºURRIES OF SNOW ) WAS ABLE TO FOLLOW HIS PROGRESS AND IT WAS EVIDENT A RACEWASGOINGONOUTTHERE)TWASALSOEVIDENTTHAT(ANKWASRUNNING AVERYPOORSECOND FORHESUDDENLYTHREWTHEPOLEINTHEBOATANDBEGAN SHOOTING4HAT°SONEWAYTOWINARACE¤ORSOYOU°DTHINK(OWEVER AFTER



TWOORTHREEMINUTESHE¹NALLYPUTTHEGUNDOWN POLEDAFEWYARDSTHROUGH THEWHITECAPS ANDPICKEDUPHISVICTIM &IFTEENMINUTESLATERHEWASBACKONSHORE ­4HAT GANDER MUST HAVE BEEN DOING A RARE PIECE OF MANEUVERING® ) GREETEDHIM­9OUDIDADURN¹NEJOBOFSHOOTINGUPTHEBAY
® ­.OWLISTEN ®(ANKSNORTEDBETWEENCHATTERINGTEETH ­DON°TSTRETCHMY TEMPER%VERYTIMETHATCUSSEDBOATWENTUPTHEGANDERWENTDOWN!N NOW)°MGOINGHOME)GOTTHEGOOSEANDDUCKS9OUGETTHEDECOYS4HE WINDSTILLCUTLIKEAKNIFEANDMYEARSWERESTILLFROZEN BUTSOMEHOW AFTER SEEING(ANKOUTTHERECHASINGTHATGOOSE )DIDN°TFEELLIKE)WASGETTING SUCHARAWDEALAFTERALL

.ATIONAL3PORTSMAN /CTOBER «



twenty-five It’s a Woman’s World In this story, women get Tex’s respect when they attain a type of “mountain manhood. ” But in this case, mountain manliness is mediated by the domesticity of the heroine: she stays close to camp and avoids strenuous scrambling yet bags the most game. See a similar attitude about women in the remarks about the parallel piece, “Sawback Changes His Mind.” In this piece, Tex’s rustic sidekick Sawback expresses typical misogynist attitudes; Tex chides him for them but in doing so, uses a racist slur about Indian drunkenness (“we’ve guided many a female that took to huntin’ like an Indian takes to lemon extract”). The female protagonist attains a variety of mountain manhood, but mediated, in this case, through the feminine gender role of domesticity. The moral here is rather different from those stories in which women accede to full mountain masculinity, such as the alternative version of this story (as above) or “This Guiding Business,” but the message is still clearly that women can hunt and be mountain women, in this case. —AG and JR



%P¤O=3KI=J¤O3KNH@

Nello Vernon-Wood ¡3DEHA%¤RACKPJKPDEJCPERSONALAGINMATRIMONY ®SAYS3AWBACK3MITH ­)CLAIMITSHOULDBECON¹NEDTOTHEMAREASSANCTI¹EDBYPRECEDENTAND CUSTOM LIKE.IAGARA&ALLS "ERMUDA AN°SUCH!HUNTIN°TRIP°SNOPLACEFOR THEMELEDELUNE® ­-ILEOFWHAT®)ASK MYSTI¹ED ­4HAT°S WHAT THE PEA SOUPERS DOWN IN 1UEBEC CALL THE HONEYMOON ® ELUCIDATES 3MITTY ­/NLY IN THIS CASE IT MEANS MILES OF GRIEF -ILES AND MILESOFIT® ­!IN°TYOUSQUEALIN°AFORETHELOOPTIGHTENS®)INQUIRE­)¹GGERTHATIF $OCISBRINGIN°HISBRIDEALONGSHE°LLPROBABLY¹TLIKEANOLDGLOVE(ELIKES HISHUNTIN°TRIPSTOOMUCHTORISKGUMMIN°THEWORKSWITHAFEMALEHE°S ONLYMARRIEDTO)BET$OC°SPICKEDHIMOUTAGALWHATCANTAKEIT AN°YOU KNOWGOODAN°WELLTHATWE°VEGUIDEDMANYAFEMALETHATTOOKTOHUNTIN° LIKEAN)NDIANTAKESTOLEMONEXTRACT® ­9EAH ®ADMITS3AWBACK ­WHICHISALLTHEMOREREASONWHY)°MSPOOKYAS ADOEWITHFAWNSABOUTTHISTRIP#ONSIDERIN°THELAWOFAVERAGES ATTRACTION OFOPPOSITES AN°THEAXIOMTHATWOMAN°SPLACEISBEHINDABRIDGETABLE ) GOTAFORTY CALIBREHUNCHTHATWE°REINFORBUSHELSOFTROUBLE® 7ELL WE°LLKNOWALLABOUTIT0$1$OCAN°HISNEWLYACQUIRED-ISSUS°LL

Reprinted in Tales from the Canadian Rockies, ed. Brian Patton (Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers, 1984; reprint Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1993), 248–252, by permission of William Vernon-Wood.



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.ATIONAL3PORTSMAN /CTOBER AND




appendix a

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Recollections by his grandson, John R. Gow

Back to the Farm BPANDEOSEBA&K=J¤ODEATHINTHEEARLYS 4EXWENTEASTTOLIVEWITH HISSON"ILLANDDAUGHTER IN LAW#HOUKIE; #HRISTINA= WHOWERESTATIONED AT 4RENTON /NTARIO WITH THE N?=B "OTH FATHER AND SON REMAINED KEEN OUTDOORSPEOPLE OFTENMAKING¹SHINGTRIPSINTOTHEHILLSNORTHOF4RENTON AND+INGSTON AROUNDTHEHEADWATERSOFTHE-ISSISSIPPI2IVER /N ONE SUCH TRIP THEY WERE DRIVING ALONG A CONCESSION ROAD THROUGH /NTARIOFARMLAND WHEN4EXSUDDENLYSAID ­4AKETHENEXTROADTOTHERIGHT® "ILLCOMPLIED ANDMADEAFEWMORETURNSASDIRECTED.OEXPLANATIONFOR THIS ROUTE WAS GIVEN UNTIL 4EX DIRECTED ­3TOP HERE
® 4HEY WERE AT THE TURNOFFTOATYPICAL/NTARIOFARM!LANERANAHUNDREDYARDSUPTOABRICK HOUSEBEHINDWASANUNPAINTED BARN ALLSURROUNDEDBYTILLED¹ELDS! MAN PROBABLYINHISEARLYSEVENTIES WASWORKINGINANEARBY¹ELD ­4HISISTHEFARM)WORKEDATWHEN)¹RSTARRIVEDIN#ANADA ®4EXSAID ­ANDITLOOKSPRETTYMUCHTHESAME® 4EXWENTONTORECOUNTHOW ASACALLOW%NGLISHYOUTH PERHAPSEIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE HE HAD LEFT %NGLAND FOR GOOD LOOKING FOR OPPORTUNITY AND FREEDOMIN#ANADA(IS¹RSTJOB LASTINGFORTHEBESTPARTOFAYEAR WASON THISFARMIN/NTARIO Source: Bill Vernon-Wood




!STHEONLYHIREDHANDONAFARMATTHETURNOFTHECENTURY YOUNG.ELLO 6ERNON 7OODWASTREATEDPRETTYMUCHASAMEMBEROFTHEFAMILY(ELIVED INTHESAMEHOUSE ATEATTHESAMETABLE4HEFARMERANDHISWIFEHADTHREE CHILDREN TWODAUGHTERSANDASON4HEBOY YOUNGESTINTHEFAMILY WAS ABOUTTEN !LONGWITHHISFARMWORK ONEOF.ELLO°SDUTIESWASTOHARNESSUPTHE SHAYANDTAKETHELADYOFTHEHOUSEANDTHETHREECHILDRENINTOCHURCHEACH 3UNDAY.ORECORDEXISTSASTOWHETHERHEHIMSELFGRACEDAPEWADUBIOUS PROPOSITION!TANYRATE WITHOUTTHEDISTRACTIONSOFRADIO TELEVISION AND BEYOND HECAMETOKNOWTHEFAMILYWELL "ILLAND4EXPARKEDTHECAR ANDTHEYWALKEDUPTHELANE4HEFARMER MADEHISWAYOVERANDGREETEDTHEM 4EXLOOKEDATTHISFARMER PERHAPSADECADEYOUNGERTHANHIMSELF AND SAID ­)°LLBETYOUDON°TREMEMBERME4HEFARMERTOOKAHARDLOOKANDSAID ­.OTYET BUTKEEPTALKINGAND)WILL®4HECONVERSATIONCARRIEDON MOSTLY ABOUTTHEPOSSIBILITIESOF¹SHINGINTHEAREA BUTNOTAHINTOFTHEPAST 4HE CONVERSATION CARRIED ON FOR ¹VE MINUTES OR SO WHEN THE FARMER SUDDENLYINTERJECTED ­9OU°RETHE%NGLISHMANWHOWORKEDHEREBACKWHEN ) WAS A BOY 7HEN WAS THAT /UGHT TWO OUGHT THREE® 4HERE WAS LITTLE DOUBTINTHISFARMER°SMINDASTOWHOMHEWASSPEAKING INSPITEOFAGULF OFSIXTYYEARS ­)AMINDEED ®4EXREPLIED ­ANDITWASOUGHTTHREE® "ILLAND4EXWEREINVITEDUPTOTHEHOUSE"OTHSISTERS NOWWIDOWSWITH GROWN FAMILIES HAD RETURNED TO LIVE OUT THEIR YEARS WITH THEIR BACHELOR BROTHERONTHEFAMILYFARM BOTHREMEMBERING4EXWARMLY




Whiskey and Venison POKIAPEIAEJTHE4WENTIES 4EXWASONAPACKTRIPUP3IMPSON0ASS WEST OF "ANFF NEAR THE PRESENT DAY 3UNSHINE 6ILLAGE !NY HUNTING TO BE DONEWOULDHAVETOBEONTHE"RITISH#OLUMBIASIDEOFTHEPASS BUTTHEBEST CAMPINGWASBESIDEASMALLALPINELAKE JUSTONTHE!LBERTASIDE IN"ANFF .ATIONAL0ARK7ITHINTHE0ARKOFCOURSE HUNTINGWASSTRICTLYOFFLIMITS 4HEMAINQUARRY "IGHORN3HEEP WEREUSUALLYFOUNDONTHESHOULDEROF THE-ONARCH ANIMPOSINGMOUNTAINJUSTWESTOFTHEPASS BUTWERENOW PROVINGELUSIVE4HEDUDESWERERESTLESSTHECAMPLOWONMEAT 2IDING BACK INTO CAMP ONE AFTERNOON 4EX SPOTTED A BUCK DEER ACROSS A CLEARING NO FURTHER INVITATION NEEDED 4HE FACT THAT THEY WERE SOME YARDS EAST OF !/ 7HEELER°S NEWLY INSTALLED CONCRETE MONUMENT WHICH MARKEDATONCETHE#ONTINENTAL$IVIDE THE0ROVINCIALBORDER ANDTHE0ARK BOUNDARY WASATRIVIALDETAILTOHUNGRYMEN!FTERALL AFEWMINUTESAGO THE SAME DEER WAS PROBABLY A HUNDRED YARDS TO THE WEST AND FAIR GAME 3EMANTICSMATTEREDLESSTHANDINNER !NHOURLATER THEBUCKWASBUTCHEREDANDOUTOFSIGHTWHEN"ILL.EISH THE DISTRICT 0ARK 7ARDEN RODE INTO CAMP "ILL WAS ON HIS FALL BOUNDARY PATROL INTENDEDTOENSURETHATHUNTERSCONTAINEDTHEIRSPORTTOTHEWESTOF THE0ARK"OUNDRY(ISATTENTIONWASLIKELYDRAWNTOASINGLEGUNSHOTTHAT SURESEEMEDTOCOMEFROMWITHINHISTERRITORY 3EEINGTHATITWAS4EX "ILLRELAXED4HEYWERE AFTERALL GOODFRIENDSIN "ANFF AND4EXARESPECTEDMEMBEROFTHECOMMUNITY3OONTHECOFFEEPOT WASON ANDSTEAMINGMUGSPOUREDAROUNDTHE¹RE ­! SHOT .O ) DIDN°T HEAR ANYTHING AROUND HERE ® 4EX REPLIED TO "ILL°S QUERY­7EHAVEN°TSEENADAMNTHINGAROUNDHERE'ETTINGALITTLEHUNGRY BUTOFCOURSEWEWOULDN°TTOUCHANYTHINGINTHE0ARK® "ILLKNEW"3WHENHEHEARDIT ­9OUKNOW4EX )°VEGOTABOTTLEOFWHISKYBACKATMYCAMP)TWOULD GODOWNPRETTYWELLRIGHTNOW BUTITWOULDGOAHELLOFALOTBETTERWITH SOMEVENISON® 4EXWASN°TABOUTTOBITETHATEASILY BUTNORWAS"ILLTOBEDETERRED3EVERAL TIMESTHECONVERSATIONBOUNCEDRIGHTBACKTO"ILL°SBOTTLEOFHOOTCH AND

Source: Tex Vernon-Wood




HOWGOODITWOULDBEWITHALITTLEVENISON&INALLY4EX¹GUREDTHATABOUT THENDINNERWASMOREIMPORTANTTO"ILLTHANLAWENFORCEMENT ­'ODDAMN "ILL THISHADBETTERNOTBEONEOFYOURTRICKS'ETYOURDAMN BOTTLEAND)°LLGETCOOKING® !S THE BOTTLE EMPTIED AND THE VENISON SIZZLED THE EXACT LOCATION OF 7HEELER°SMONUMENTINRELATIONTOTHISPARTICULARDEER°SLASTBREATHLOST ALLIMPORTANCE





Tex 5KQJC!JCHEODIAJ ARRIVINGTOWORKONTHERANCHESOF!LBERTAEARLYINTHE THCENTURY HADMORETHANTHEIRSHAREOFADAPTINGTODO4HEIRDANDI¹ED DRESS GENTRI¹EDMANNERS ANDPLUMMYACCENTSALLWORKEDAGAINSTTHEM 9OUNG6ERNON 7OODHADALOTMORETHANMOSTTOSHAKE(ISNAME'OD IT COULDN°T HAVE BEEN WORSE .OT ONLY DID HE HAVE THE CURSE OF A DOUBLE BARRELED HYPHENATED UPLASTNAME HISGIVENNAMEWASATRUECURSE .ELLO 3OUNDEDLIKE.ELLY SHORTENEDTO.ELL ANDWASHELLFORANASPIRINGCOWBOY ONTHISLASTFRONTIER!FTERALL MENWEREMEN ANDSOMESISSI¹EDVERSIONOFA GIRL°SMONIKERWASNOTGOINGTOWORK)TWASNOTASUBJECTTHAT'RANDADWAS PARTICULARLYFONDOFTALKINGABOUT ANDHASBECOMETHESTUFFOFCONJECTUREOR FAMILYLEGEND4HEREARETWOCREDIBLESTORIESASTOHOW.ELLOBECAME4EX 4HESIMPLESTHASITTHATWHEN.ELLOAPPLIEDFORHIS¹RSTJOBONARANCH NOTFARFROM-EDICINE(AT THEFOREMANALLOWEDASHOWTHEREMIGHTBEA COWBOY°SJOBOPEN­7HAT°SYOURNAME® 4HEREWASASILENCEASTHEERSTWHILERANGERIDERCONSIDEREDHISFUTURE ­4EX ®HESAID ­MYFRIENDSCALLME4EX® !NALTERNATIVEVERSIONWASPASSEDONTOMEBY4EX°SSON "ILL6ERNON 7OOD ANDHASMORECURRENCYWITHME 7HENUPPER CLASSYOUNG%NGLISHMENHIT!LBERTA RESPLENDENTINTWEEDS ANDBOWLERS THEYSTUCKOUTLIKESORETHUMBS)NANENVIRONMENT WHERE SOME EMPLOYERS POSTED SIGNS READING ­%NGLISHMEN .EED .OT !PPLY ® THOSEWHONEEDEDWORKKNEWTHATTHEY°DBESTBLENDIN FAST -OST HIED THEMSELVES DOWN TO THE 7ESTERN 7EAR SHOP WHERE BADLY ADVISEDBYAVARICIOUSMERCHANTS THEYDECKEDTHEMSELVESOUTINOUTLANDISH GARB MORE,ONDONSTAGETHANFOOTHILLSSAGE4HEYPARADEDUPANDDOWN THESTREETSOF#ALGARY ,ETHBRIDGE AND-EDICINE(ATINTHEIRFRONTIERGARB TRUE­$RUGSTORE#OWBOYS® .ELLOWASNODANDY BUTWORKINGONARANCHNEAR-EDICINE(AT HEBADLY NEEDEDAPAIROFCHAPS¬THELEATHERLEGGINGSTHATSAVEACOWBOYSLEGSFROM BEINGSHREDDEDINTHEBUSHORAGAINSTBARBEDWIREFENCES¬WHICHWEREAN ESSENTIALPIECEOFRANCHEQUIPMENT(EBOUGHTAPAIROFTHELATEST GREATEST IN PROTECTIVE FASHION KNOWN AS ­4EXAS #HAPS® "ACK AT THE RANCH .ELLO WASQUICKLYNICKNAMED­4EXAS ®WHICHJUSTASFASTWASABREVIATEDTO4EX ­.ELLO®WASSELDOM IFEVER HEARDAGAIN



To Simpson Pass with Bill Peyto %J)=N?DKJAUA=N4EXHEADEDUPTO3IMPSON0ASSWITH"ILL0EYTO THE LEGENDARY"ANFFPACKER WHOHADATRAPLINEANDCABINONTHEPASS4HETRIP UP(EALEY#REEKWASARDUOUS AND4EX THEYOUNGEROFTHETWO ARRIVEDAT THECABINSOMETIMEAHEADOF0EYTO 3IMPSON0ASSISDEEPSNOWCOUNTRY ANDTRAPPER°SCABINSWEREBUILTWITH ATRAPDOORONTHEROOFTOAFFORDWINTERACCESS4EXSETTOWORKCLEARINGTHE SNOWOFFTHEROOF ANDHADTHETRAPDOOROPEN SETTOJUMPDOWNINTOTHE CABIN WHEN0EYTOCAMESTEAMINGINTOTHECLEARING ­4EX STOP
®(EYELLED­$ON°TDOTHAT
® 0UZZLED 4EXWAITEDWHILE0EYTORUMMAGEDAROUNDBESIDETHECABINFOR ACHUNKOF¹REWOOD(ECARRIEDITONTOTHEROOFANDVERYDELIBERATELYHELD ITOVERTHEOPENTRAPDOOR7HENTHEWOODDROPPEDINTOTHEDARKCABIN IT HIT WITH A LOUD METALLIC CLANG THE SOUND OF A VERY LARGE BEAR TRAP SLAMMINGSHUT 4EX PEERED DOWN INTO THE GLOOM OF THE CABIN AND SAW THE ¹REWOOD GRIPPEDINTHEJAWSOFTHELARGESTLEGHOLDTRAPAROUND RIGHTWHEREHEWAS ABOUTTOLAND ­*ESUS "ILL WHATDIDYOUPUTTHATTHEREFOR 0EYTOGRUNTED­'ODDAMNED(ARRISON HE°SBEENCOMINGUPHEREAND STEALINGMYGRUB&IGUREDTHATWOULDSLOWHIMDOWNSOME
®



appendix b

#EBPBNKI #N=J@=@2ANJKJ 3KK@

Recounted by his grandson, Harry W. Gow %D=@BKNOKIAPEIAWANTEDTOGOTO-C'ILL5NIVERSITYANDATTHESAME TIMEIMPROVEMY&RENCH LANGUAGESKILLS SOWHILEMYMOVETO-ONTRmAL AT AGE  WAS WHAT ) WANTED IT WAS A LONG WAY FROM MY HOME BASE IN %ASTERN"RITISH#OLUMBIA)WASTHEREFOREGLADTOGETACOMPACTPACKAGE FROM7INDERMEREINTHEMAILITHADTHEHEFTANDDIMENSIONSOFABOOK /PENINGIT )FOUNDANOTEFROM4EX)NIT HETHANKEDMEFORTHEGIFTOF AMODELRIVERSTEAMER)HADSENTHIM DESCRIBEDALOCALEVENT PHOTOSOF WHICHWEREINCLUDED ANDPRESENTEDHISGIFTBOOK 4EXWROTETHATREADINGTHEBOOK A.ATIONAL'EOGRAPHIC3OCIETYRESEARCH PUBLICATIONOFTHES(ACIENDAAND,ATIFUNDIAIN#HILEWOULDGIVEMETO UNDERSTANDALLTHEREWASTOKNOWABOUTTHEFUNCTIONINGOF#HILEANSOCIETY )DIDSOINTHEFOLLOWINGMONTHS ANDLEARNEDABOUTTHEVERYSUBSERVIENT CONDITIONOFTHERURALPOPULATIONOFTHECOUNTRY)LEARNEDTHATTHEREWAS ­A GREAT GULF ¹XED® BETWEEN THE WEALTHY LANDOWNERS AND THE RURAL FARM WORKERSANDPEASANTS)UNDERSTOODTHELESSON4EXWANTEDMETOLEARN THAT SOCIALINEQUALITIESWEREREALANDDETERMINEDTHEFATEOFMILLIONSOFPEOPLE INTHE!MERICAS 7HEN)WASSTAYINGWITHHIMAND*OANINTHESUMMEROF )HAD MENTIONEDSOMETHINGABOUTWHAT)THOUGHTWAS#ANADA°SCOLONIALSTATUS VIS g VIS THE 5NITED +INGDOM 4HE WAR HAD MEANT A GROWING TOGETHER OF THE TWO COUNTRIES AND THE COMMON WAR EFFORT HAD MEANT SOME 


APPARENTSACRI¹CEOFSOVEREIGNTY SOMETHINGTHATWASAPPARENTEVENTOA SEVEN YEAR OLD 4EX SHOT BACK THAT #ANADA WAS AN INDEPENDENT COUNTRY ANDTHAT#ANADIANSDIDNOTHAVETOASK'REAT"RITAINFORPERMISSIONTODO ANYTHING
4HISSURPRISEDME BUT)REMEMBEREDTHISLESSONINCONSTITUTIONAL LAWFROMSOMEONE)HADTHOUGHTOFASANUNREPENTANT%NGLISHMAN)LATER HADCON¹RMATIONOFHISVIEWSWHEN)FOUNDOUTTHATHEHADASUBSCRIPTION TOWHATWASTHENTHE-ANCHESTER'UARDIANNOW4HE'UARDIAN THE"RITISH LEFT LIBERALNEWSPAPER

&EBRUARY 



index

a

Bow Lakes 50 Bow Park 21 Bow Pass 51 Boyle 40–1 Brewster Fred 15 Jim 12, 69 British Columbia 29, 61, 70, 136 Browning 27, 133 ‘Brummagemshire’ 185 Buck, Frank 73, 180, 186 Buffalo Child Long Lance, Chief 9 Buffalo Drive 53, 55, 58 Bunker Hill 185 Burgess Shale 16 Bustum Creek 117

Alberta 71, 79, 87– 8, 103, 115, 121, 127, 136, 139, 153, 159, 165 Alpine Club of Canada 95 American South 9 Americans 22 Annascaul 28 Antelope 141 Arctic 212 Arctic-Safari 186 Arlberg 100 Assiniboine, Mt. 63 Athabaska glacier 187 Auld Reekie 155 Aylmer Point 157, 160–1

b

c

Baden-Powell 34 Badger Pass 128 Bailey’s Beach 140 Banff 12, 14– 5, 18, 22, 35, 52, 67, 69, 70, 79, 81, 88– 9, 97, 101, 119, 125, 157 Banff Crag and Canyon 12 Banff Springs Hotel 28, 69 Bankhead 32, 34, 134– 5 Bar WB Outfit 121, 127 Barker 178 Jim 178 Baxton, Bill 63–5, 67, 70 Bear Creek 51 Belaney, Archie 9, 30 Ben, Old Coyote 171 Bennett 100 Big Game Hunting 19 Blaney, Joe 111–2 Boer War 63 ‘Bohunkuses, Doctor’ 153 Bond Street 140 Boston 88, 131, 186 Bow Falls 34, 39, 99, 135, 139

Calgary 43, 63, 69, 172 California 16, 53, 125 Cambrian rock 49 Cameron 171 Canada 11, 15, 20, 23, 29, 53, 61, 75, 95, 103, 210 Canada’s Parks 15 Canadian Alpine Club 19, 28, 95, 100 Canadian Northwest 79 Canadian Pacific Railway, Trans-Canada 79 Canadian Rockies 16, 35, 69, 71, 95, 97– 8, 133, 157, 209 Canadian Rocky Mountain Winter Sports Association 73 Canadian West 11–2, 22, 35 Canadians 22, 25, 95 ‘Canuck, Janey’ 22 Canucks 25, 73 Cariboos 22, 195, 199 Caribou Hill 723 Carr, Emily 20 Carter, Sarah 12, 15 Casselman, Bill 27



Cave and Basin [Banff ] 69 Central Park [New York City] 59 Chesson, Ramon [pseud.] 25, 201 Church of England 28 Clark, Kate 72 Coleman, Daniel 23, 34 Colorado Spinners 134, 195 Columbia 88– 9 ice field 211 river systems 136 Columbia Valley 16 Connecticut 18 Connor, Ralph 22–3 County Kerry 28 Cranberry Bay 159 Crows Nest 101, 105 Crow’s Nest Railway 89

d ‘Dan’l’ [Daniel] Boone 212 Dante 12, 18 Davey, Bill 73 Deiman, Van [sic] 89 Denton, Pop 55 Denver 10 Devil’s Lake 180 Dieman, Van 51 Dominion Park Service 15

e East Kootenay 89, 210 Edgewood Ranch 16 Edmonton 15, 35, 55, 209 England 11–2, 19, 99 Europe 97

f ‘Fitzwillie, Snooga’ 29, 186– 9 Forum, The 10, 19 Foster, ‘Buckshot’ 20, 57– 8, 72–4, 87– 8, 90, 92–3, 11 Frank 40–1

g Gable, Clark 177 Galletly, Adam 57, 59 Gordon, Tom 56 Grey Owl, see Belaney, Archie

h ‘Hackleberry, Rev.’ 32, 72 Hank 26, 201– 5 Harlow, Jean 177 Harmon, Byron 15 Heinie, Sonja 179 Hollywood 53, 59, 125, 175 Holy Cross Hospital 88 Hudsons Bay 64, 99, 111

i Ice River Valley 50 India 25, 65 Invermere 18 Irving, Henry 55

j Jasper 15 Jim 40–1, 47– 9, 52, 55, 57, 59, 63, 66, 87– 8, 105, 121 Joe 48, 51–2, 71, 87, 93, 111–2 Johnson Canyon 134

k Kananaskis 172 Kellerman, Annette 91 Kelly, Walt 27 Kent Diana 163, 166 Doc 30, 163, 165– 6, 209–13 Khartoum 11 Ki Wet Tin Ok Camp 122 Kicking Horse 99 King Edward Hotel 72 Kingston 11 Knickerbocker Club 103 Kootenay 88, 177

l Lake Louise 12, 16, 39, 43, 48, 55, 69, 97, 99 Lake Minnewanka 155, 157, 159 Lake Placid 73 Lardeau 89 Larsen, Lars 73 Lee, General 59 Leman Lake 146 Lethbridge 58 Long Lake 22, 195



Long Lance 9 Long, Sylvester Clark 9 Lucas, Alec 29

Pipestone Letters 28– 9, 62, 101, 103, 127, 139, 153, 157, 159, 163, 165, 171 Pipestone Pass 49 Plains Indians 69 Potts, Watty 88 Ptarmigan, Mt. 19, 95, 97– 9

m Macleod, Jim 12 Madrid 211 Maine 104 Maps 72 Masich, Andrew E. 10 Massachusetts 140, 185 Medicine Hat 11–2, 88 Methodist Church in Banff 32 Middleton’s Expedition 11 Mojave Desert 149 Montana 56, 58 Moriarty, Father 32, 34, 131, 134– 5 Mounted Police 20, 58, 74 Murphy, Emily 22

q Quebec 209

r Raill, Joan 28 Rankin of London 19, 99 Red Deer 9, 93, 99 Rex, George 129 Richfield 18 Riel Rebellion 11, 185 Ritz 104 Robinson, Doc 73 Rockies 19, 69, 79, 89, 101, 104, 116, 175, 199, 213 Rocky Mountains 12, 15– 6, 35, 50 Rogers, Pat 178 Roosevelt, Dirk 18 Running Horse, Chief 58 Rupert’s Land 171, 212 Ruttle, Ike 128

n Nevada 56 New Brunswick 104 New Jersey 199 New York City 165, 171 Niagara 209 Nile Expedition 11 North America 9 Northwest Territories 171 Norwegian 75

s San Moritz 71–2 Saskatchewan 51, 72, 91, 101, 105, 136 Saskatchewan River 39 Sawback Peak 134 Scandinavian 73 Second World War 18, 20, 69 Selkirks 63, 89, 199 Shadow Lake 18 Shakespeare, Bill 185 Short, Robert 161 Silver Star Resort 70 Simpson Summit 105 ‘Siwash’ 27 Skoki Lodge 69 Skoki valley 97 Skookumchuck Crick 26, 193 Slaney, Bill 133

o Old West 10–1 Oliver, Casey 48 Ontario 11 O’Toole, John Julius 39–43 Ottawa 47 Ovis canadenses 79, 128

p Palliser 111, 171 Park Service 15 Pheel 103–4 Philadelphia 16 Pika, Mt. 98– 9 Pipestone Canyon 18, 101 Pipestone Creek 101, 103, 115, 121, 127, 139, 153, 159, 165, 171



Smith Cyndi 15 Joe 43, 109 Kate 181 Sawback 22, 25– 6, 30, 121–3, 139–41, 157, 159– 61, 163, 165–7, 175, 178– 82, 185–7, 189, 193–7, 209, 213–4 Smithsonian 15– 6, 77, 81, 125, 175 ‘Smythe–Smythe, Honourable’ 29, 185, 188 Spray Avenue 16 Spray Lakes 71, 74 Spray River 52 Springfield 147– 8, 155, 210 Squaw Mountain 73 Stewart, Maryalice H. 12, 32, 209 Stiggs 65– 6 Stonie [sic] Indians 56 Stratford 11, 18 Strathcona’s Horse 63 Sunshine Village 69, 70 Sunwapta 42 Sutton Place 140 Swansea, Mt. 18 Switzerland 55

Vernon-Wood 2, 18– 9, 25, 30, 35, 39, 47, 55, 63, 71, 79, 87, 97, 103, 109, 115 Christina 11–2, 20, 28 ‘Choukie’ 70 Grandad 18 Nello 9, 11–2, 15, 18, 26, 35, 95, 209 senior 11 Tex 9–12, 15– 6, 18–20, 22–3, 25–30, 32, 34– 5, 37, 45, 61–2, 69, 101, 119, 125, 131, 175 William 209 Victoria 99 Victoria Glacier 56 Viking 201, 204 Virgin peaks 97

w Walcott, Charles 15– 6, 125 Walker, Johnny 57 Wall Street 64, 121, 127, 199 Walton Izaak [Isaac] 131 ‘Ike’ 34, 135 Wapoose Pass 166 WB Ranch 103, 115, 139, 153, 159, 165, 171 Wedgwood Lake 123 Weiss 100 Weems, Colonel 82 White 100 Cliff 69, 73 Dave 122 Whyte Museum 16, 25 Wilcox Pass 42 Wilson, Bill 47 Windermere 18 Wyndham, Colonel 88

t Toby Creek 88 Toronto 15, 22–3, 29 Trans-Canada 48, 104, 140, 210 Trenton 11 Tyroll [sic] 121

u United States 10, 131 University of Toronto Press 22–3, 29 Urabi Revolt 11

y

v

Yale 39 Yorktown 185

Vancouver 9, 177 Vaux, Mary M. 15– 6, 34 Vermilion Pass 65, 88 Vernon 70