Mental Disability and the European Convention on Human Rights (International Studies in Human Rights)

Mental Disability and the European Convention on Human Rights

International Studies in Human Rights VOLUME 90

Mental Disability and the European Convention on Human Rights By

Peter Bartlett Oliver Lewis and Oliver Thorold Foreword by

Sir Nicolas Bratza Judge of the European Court of Human Rights

MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS LEIDEN / BOSTON

A C.I.P. record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

Printed on acid-free paper.

ISBN 0924-4751 ISBN-13: 978-90-04-15423-0 ISBN-10: 90-04-15423-X © 2007 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishers, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. Printed in the Netherlands

To Edith and Kurt Bauer

Contents About the Authors ........................................................................................................ ix About the Artist ............................................................................................................ xi Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... xiii Foreword by Sir Nicholas Bratza ................................................................................ xv Table of Cases ................................................................................................................ xix Table of International Instruments ............................................................................ xxxvii List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................... xlvii Note on Language and Terminology ........................................................................ xlix Chapter One

Introduction: The European Convention on Human Rights and Mental Disability ........................................ Chapter Two Admission to and Discharge from Psychiatric and Related Institutions ...................................................................... Chapter Three Inside Institutions: Institutional Standards and Institutional Controls .................................................................. Chapter Four Medical Treatment ........................................................................ Chapter Five Life and Death ................................................................................ Chapter Six Legal Capacity, Guardianship and Supported Decision-Making ............................................................................ Chapter Seven Participation in Society ................................................................ Chapter Eight Procedure of the European Court of Human Rights .............. Chapter Nine Representing People with Mental Disabilities ........................ Chapter Ten Conclusion ......................................................................................

149 177 205 235 253

Appendices ...................................................................................................................... Index ................................................................................................................................

265 371

1 31 75 111 137

About the Authors Peter Bartlett is Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust Professor of Mental Health Law in the School of Law at the University of Nottingham in England. He is author of Blackstone’s Guide to the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (Oxford University Press, 2005) and, with Ralph Sandland, of Mental Health Law: Policy and Practice (2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2003). Professor Bartlett has served on the board of the International Academy of Law and Mental Health, and on the editorial board of the International Journal of Law and Psychiatry and the Journal of Mental Health Law. He is a board member of the Mental Disability Advocacy Center in Budapest, and is also a member of the bar of Ontario, Canada. Oliver Lewis served for five years as Legal Director of the Mental Disability Advocacy Center in Budapest before becoming its Executive Director in 2006. MDAC is an international legal advocacy organisation which promotes and protects human rights of people with mental health problems and intellectual disabilities across central and eastern Europe and central Asia. Mr Lewis trained as a barrister in the United Kingdom and is an associate member of Doughty Street Chambers, London. He teaches mental disability law and advocacy at the Central European University, Budapest, and is a fellow of its Center for Ethics and Law in Biomedicine. He also serves on the board of Amnesty International Hungary. Oliver Thorold became interested in mental health law during a placement at the Center for Law and Social Policy, Washington D.C., in the early 1970s. Mental health law formed a major part of his practice at the English Bar thereafter. Between 1978 and 1981 he worked in the legal department of MIND (the National Association of Mental

x

About the Authors

Health), amongst other things helping to formulate its amicus brief submitted in support of the applicant in X. v. the United Kingdom, the first British case to reach the European Court of Human Rights. Mr. Thorold recently retired from full-time practice, but remains an associate member of Doughty Street Chambers, London.

About the Artists The cover of this book shows one of the fabric paintings of D ; or