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INTRODUCTION

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C-69

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Anyone having photos or other information on this aircrafr or other 50's era naval aircraft, may submit them for possible inclusion in future issues. Any material submitted will become the property of NAVAL FIGHTERS unless prior arrangement is made. Individuals are responsible for secmity clearance of any ISBN 0-942612-08 ..6 material before submission.

The forerunner of the C-121 series, was the Lockheed Model 49 Constellation. An aircraft designed to a TWA specification, and taken over by the USAA as the C-69. The first L-049/C-69 (43-10309) left Burbank on 9 January 1943 on its Maiden flight to Muroc Field (Edwards AFB). This prototype would go on to become the re-engined XC69E (P&W R-2800 engines) and in 1950 the prototype L-I049. The follOWing is a list of all C-69 aircraft purchased by the USAA. All of which were Iatersold to various airlines, except 43-10309 and 42-94551 and 42-94552. 42-94551 was destroyed by an engine fire at Topeka Kansas on 18 Sept. 1945, and 42-94552 which succumbed to structural tests at Wright Field. CN 1961-1969 SN 43-10309 to 43-10317 CN 1970-1980 SN 42-94549 to 42-94559 CN 2021-2022 SN 42-94560 & 42-94561

S Ginter, 1754 Warfield Cir., Simi Valley, California 93063. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced. stored in a ret.rieval system, or transmitted in any form by any meanS electronic. mechanical or' otherwise without the written permission of the publisher,

© 1983 Steve Ginter

.Although, many readers will take issue with my inclusion of the C-121 in the Naval Fighter series, here it is. The series was never meant to include just VF or Fighter types, but all combatant types. Somehow I will always find a way to do this. To qualify the C-121, I can point to its Vietnam usage and to the international incident of 14 April, 1969. On that date a C121K (BuNo 135749) of VQ-l was shot down over international waters in the Sea of Japan by the Korean Air Force.

C-121A When the Constellation evolved into the Lockheed Model 749, the Air Force placed an order for ten. These ten (48-608 to 48-617) would become C-121 As. The first aircraft was accepted by the USAF on 12 November1948. The C-121As differed from the 7 49s by having reinforced floors and a large rear cargo door. As configured the C-121 A could be quickly changed into a cargo carrier, passenger carrier or a litter carrier. All of the C-121 As were assigned to the Atlantic Division of MATS at Westover AFB, Mass. From this base they flew to Rhine Main, Germany, while taking part in the Berlin airlift. In 1960 the 1254th transferred to Andrews AFB and took on the responsiblities of the Special Air Missions (SAM) or V.J.P. fleet. Then in January 1966, the 1254th became the 89th Military Airlift Wing (SM). The C-121As were retired from the USAF by April 1968. Of the original 10 C-121As, six were retired from the 89th, two from other USAF commands, one from NASA in March 1969 and the remaining C121A crashed in 1957 after being given to Ethiopia.

FRONT COVER: EC-121 K, 137890, from the Pacific Missile Range, NAS Point Mugu, Calif. USN photo via Stan Wyckoff. PHOTOS AT LEFT: Top - Forerunner of the C-121, the C-69, seen here with 400 cubic foot "Speedpak" external cargo cell in place. MIDDLE: C-69, 310312, in natural metal scheme. BOTTOM: C-121 Super Constellation family portrait. I. 53-7885, VC-121 E, Presidential aircraft named "Columbine III'" ex USN R7V-l, 131650. 2. R7V1, 131653, USN aircraft assigned to MATS. 3. Lockheed demonstrator 1049 with one turboprop engine installed. 4. 1049D, cargo Connie, N6501C. 5. 1049, HK-176X of Avianca, Aerovias, Nacionales, de Columbia. 6. RC-121 D, 52-3415, of the USAF. 7. WV2, of the USN. 8. USN turboprop R7V-2. Lockheed photos. PHOTO BELOW-VC-121B, 48-608 in November 1948. This the first C-121 was modified to a VIP transport while in production. The modification gave this C-121 fewer windows than the other C-121 As as well as a passenger door instead of the standard cargo door. It was rumored that this aircraft would have been Thomas E. Dewey's if he had been elected president. USAF photo.

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PHOTOS TOP AND AT LEFT-Two views ofVC-121H, 48-608, in its natural metal scheme, Bowers via Roger Besecker. BELOW-48-608, in late dayglo white and polished metal scheme. Clay Jansson.

PHOTOS: ABOVE-Two views of C-121A, 48-609, in early MATS livery. Logo is yellow with blue trim. Photos via Leo Kohn. RIGHT-48-609, in late silver and white scheme after being modified to a VC-121A.

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PHOTOS ABOVE-Two views ofVC-121 A, 48·61 0, as configured as the second presidential Connie, Columbine II. USAF photos.

PHOTOS: TOP-VC-121A, 48-610, on 8-13-55, after being replaced by the VC121E as the Presidential aircraft. W. T. Larkins photo. LEFT-Last scheme used on 48-610, with day-glo tail markings. Berger collection.

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PHOTOS: TOP-VC-121E, 48-611, on6Aug.1967 at AndrewsAFB. Photo by Dave Lucabaugh via Jansson. MIDDLE-C-121A, 48-612, in early MATS markings, note ariels and wing-walks. USAF photo. BELOW-VC-121A, 48-613, as used by General MacArthur in 1950 and 1951. This was the first APS-I0 radar equipped Connie. Left side of nose carried the name Bataan written over a map of the Philippines, while the right side of the nose carried the letters SCAP (Supreme Commander, Allied Pacific) written over a map of Japan. Photos-.via Leo Kohn. BOTTOM-VC-121A, 48-613, again at San Francisco on 7-30-53, photo by W. T. Larkins.

BATAAN - Red with Black boarders and shadow ISLAND - Green

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PHOTOS TOP-48-613 during 1953. Note dark blue lightning bolt flash mark across fuselage. Photo by C. A. Johnson via W. T. Larkins. MIDDLE-engine and nose details of 48-614 in the later

white and silver scheme. Note crew ladder extending aft of gear doors. Photo by Balogh via Menard. BOTIOM-VC-121A, 48-613, on 21 Mar. 1966. Photo by Clay Jansson.

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BOTIOM-VC-121A, 48-617, last of the ten A models built. Painted in the later white and silver scheme, 6 Aug. 1967. Photo by Dave Lucabaugh.

PHOTOS: TOP-VC-121 A, 48-614, the first of Eisenhower's Columbines, seen here in later scheme than when he was Commander of SHAPE. Balogh via Menard. MIDDLE-Two Views of C-121A, 48-616, in the early MATS scheme, Balogh via Menard.

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C-121A

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General Dimensions

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PLANE

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C-121C PHOTO BELOW-First USAF C-121C, 54-151, in flight. Natural metal and white with blue cheat line. Tail stripe blue with yellow borders and white ATLANTIC. Lockheed photo.

The Air Force C-121 C was almost identical to the U. S. Navy R7V-l, except that the C-121C had square windows.

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U. S. AIR FORCe;

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PHOTOS: AT LEFT-The one-off DC-121C, 54-160, which was a C-121C converted to a drone director with an observer's gondola installed in the belly. Scheme is grey with white, stripe on tail is red. Ron Picciani photo. BELOW-C-121C, 54-158, NEW JERSEY ANG, 9-22-69, grey and white, note flag on center fin. R. F. Besecker photo. BOTTOMC-121C, 54-176, MISSISSIPPI ANG, natural metal, by Paul Stevens via Menard.

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PHOTOS: ABOVE, TOP-C-121C, 54-171, NEW JERSEY ANG, grey & white and natural metal engine cowls. By Esprito via Menard. MIDDLE-C-121C, 54-168, ANG Bureau in white, black and natural metal scheme. By S. Miller via Menard. BOTTOM-C-121C, 54-181, WASH. D.C. ANG, 2 June 1967, natural metal. By Clay Jansson.

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PHOTOS: ABOVE-C-121C, in natural metal and·day-glo scheme, PA. ANG. Photo via Leo Kohn. BELOW-The one-off VC-121E, 53-7885, (EX R7V-1), at San Francisco on 6-20-55 for the 10th aniv. of the UN. The highly polished Columbine III was Eisenhower's. Photo by W. T. Larkins.

The ANG started using the C-121 in the aeromedical evacuation role in 1961 and later in the personnel transport role. The squadrons using the C-121 were: 140th. PA, 196267; 147th. PA, 1963-72; 150th. NJ, 1961-73; 156th. NC, 1962-67; 167th. WV, 1963-72; 183rd. MS, 1961-67; 187th.

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150TH in the

EC-121S The 193TEW, Pennsylvania Air National Guard, based at Olmstead ANGB, Pa., was the only squadron to fly the EC-121S. The Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron flew these modified C-121 C aircraft with many different

humps, bumps, aerials and antenaes. See back cover for color scheme. PHOTOS BELOW-54-177, in 1975, with no extra antenaes etc. BOTTOM-EC-121S, 54-159, 6-5-69, note shape of semitar antenae housin~s and two lara.. mast aerials atop fuselage. R. F. Besecker

C-121G The C-121G was the USAF designation for Navy R7V-ls transferred to USAF units. PHOTOS: BELOW, TOP-C-I21G, 54-4062, 552 AEW8CW, on 4-73, in grey & white scheme. By Dave Menard. BOTTOMC-121G 54-4065, on 8-63, in natural metal MATS markings. By, Dave Lucabaugh via Besecker.

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LEFT-C-121G, 54-4051, City of Saigon, silver & white with dayglo nose and tail stripe. Leo Kohn photo.

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AIR FORCE

PHOTOS: ABOVE, TOP-C-121G, 54-4052, New Jersey ANG, on 10-65, natural metal. By R. Esposito via R. F. Besecker. MIDDLEC-121 G, 54-4077, Wyoming ANG, City of Cheyenne, polished metal and white, on 9-11-64. By R. F. Besecker. BOTTOM-C-121G, 54-4060, West Virginia ANG. PHOTOS: BELOW, TOP-TC-121C, 51-3844, EX RC-121C, on 4-66, at Elmendorf, grey and white with natural metal cowls. By N. Taylor via R. F. Besecker. BOTTOMC-121G, 54-4065; R7V-l 131642, assigned to NASA, white and natural metal with a blue cheat line. By Seely via Menard.

187TH

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R7V-2/YC-121F R7V-2s were transferred to the USAF as YC-121Fs, to allow both services to evaluate the planes.

Four R7V-1s (131630/131631 and 131660/131661) were completed as R7V-2s. They were test-beds for the Pratt & Whitney YT34-P-12A Turboprops. Two of the

PHOTOS: ABOVE-Rollout of first R7V-2. Note modified engines and wing area. BELOW-Same plane in flight, note R7V-2

painted on nose and grey radome with black tip. Lockheed photos.

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PHOTOS: ABOVE-R7V-2 in flight, note wing test boom. Lockheed. LEFT, TOP-R7V-2 in storage in the Arizona desert. Note tip-tanks. MIDDLE-YC-121F, in its polished metal and white scheme with black cheat line. Leo Kohn photos. BOTTOM-YC-12lF, 53-8157, of the 1703 Test Squadron, in MATS markings, at Reese AFB, Texas, in May of 1957. By Fritz Fredrick via Picciat'ti Aircraft slides. .

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DIMENSIONS \o1DlG ~ ••••••••1.615

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LENGTH•••••••••••• 1l5' - 10'

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1.360

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1,275

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ACCOMMOOAT IONS

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EMPTy.· •••••• 71.125••••••••• BASIO•••••••• 72 9 410••••••••• DESIGH•••••• 150.000••••• 2.5 ~ TO ••••• 169.800••••• 2.2 ~ LAND••• 125.000•••••••••

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The massive power of the Pratt & Whitney YT34-P-12A engines, which develope 5,005 shaft horse power each plus 1,360 lbs. of exhaust thrust, can be seen in the above photo. AT LEFT-Open engine compartment of an R7V-2. Lockheed photos.

Tailhook Association Box 40 Bonita, CA 92002

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PO-2WjWV-2 Designed from the outset as early-warning aircraft, the WV-2 was officially named Warning Star, although Willy Victor became the more common name. The original C-69 which became the prototype model 1049 Super Constellation was also used for the prototype of the WV-2. The PO-1 W/WV-1 tested the electronic equipment to be used on the WV-2s. In 1962 the WV-2s became EC-121Ks, and from this many designation changes

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resulted. These changes are described on the inside back cover. PHOTOS BELOW: TOP-Prototype WV-2, N67900, which was the original C-69, in flight, in silver-white-black scheme with beige radome. MIDDLE-Same aircraft in a weathered condition at Lockheed, Burbank. Note the outboard engine has been changed. BOTTOM-Outdoor construction area at Burbank with two Navy WV-2s, one USAF RC-121C and a Navy R7V-l under completion. Lockheed photos.

PHOTOS: TOP-Prototype WV-2 on take-off, with gear retracting, note lowered upper radome. BELOW-WV-2 assembly line. Lockheed

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PO-2W/WV-2

POWER PLANT NO. and I·DDE:!. ••••••••••••• (4) R,-JJ5D-J4 ~IFR •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• II.A.C. SUPERCHARGE ••••••••••••1 Stage, 2 Speed RED. GEA!l RATIO 0.437511 PROP. ~R 1!llllliltoD Standard PROP. ~O:S. NO ••••••••••••••••••• 690JIl-{) NO. BLIlS!DlA : •••••••• J/15' - 2"

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DAY-GLO with White wings & beak

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OCEANOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT SQUADRON EIGHT VXN-8 VXN-8 has the unique mission of Airborne Oceanographic and Geomagnetic Research, and as such is attached to the Atlantic Fleet. VXN-8 has three long term projects, each with its own dedicated airplane. I. Project Magnet-Purpose to map the earth's magnetic field. The first plane assigned this mission was Bu. No. 126513, named Paisano. The Paisano.was lost in a crash at McMurdo Sound on 31 Oct. 1960 and replaced by Paisano Dos in 1962. II. Project Outpost Seascan-Purpose to study qualities and conditions of ocean water that affect sound progation. Aircraft assigned EI Coyote. III. Project Birdseye-Purpose to study pack ice and sea ice in the arctic regions. Aircraft assigned Arctic Fox. Photos below show C-12IJs used for logistics and flight training. AT LEFT- VXN-8 Eagle emblem as seen on their transport aircraft. N. M. Williams photo.

AT LEFT-NC121J, 131627, of VXN-8 in flight over NAS Barbers Point, scheme is grey and white with a wide blue cheat-line. N. M. Williams photo.

AT LEFT131635,ofVXN-8, in grey and white scheme with a black cheat-line. Taken at D. M. on 1972.

AT LEFT131655,ofVXN-8, scheme is the same as 131627. Photo taken at MASDC on 6-77 by R. Lawson via R. F .Besecker.

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PHOTOS: ABOVE AND AT LEFfNC-121K, Paisano Dos, 145925, the colors are white and day-glo, with a road runner on the nose. Note at left, the installation of two tip-tanks under the fuselage. This modification added another 1,200M.tO the plane's range. Lockheed photos. BELOW, TOP-Side view of 145925, minus belly tanks, note flags on gear door. Photo by J. Wible via Besecker.

Paisano Dos (the friend), flew with VXN-8 from 1962 to Dec. 1972 as the Project Magnet research vehicle. Project Magnet was started in 1951 to acquire accutrate data on the earth's magnetic field. From the information acquired iso-magnetic, nautical and aeronauticai navigational charts are produced for use in anti-submarine warfare and other scientific programs. PHOTO, BOTTOM-NC-121K, 145924, El Coyote, while assigned to Project Magnet. This interesting photo shows the white and red 924 on a snowfield. Photo via N. Williams.

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EI Coyote again, after taking over Project Outpost Seascan. In the R. F. Besecker photo above, taken on 4-21-71, note Coyote on the forward gear door. AT LEFT-Retired in 1972 EI Coyote was put out to pasture. N. Williams photo. ASWEPS on tail stands for Anti-Submarine Warfare .Prediction Services. This NC-121 K flew overthe North Atlantic for ten years, in order to improve environmental forcasting techniques used in ASW warfare. Project Birdseye is another VXN-8 project. Its purpose is to provide accurate polar ice and environmental data in the ArCtic. From 1962 to 1972 a NC-121K, 141325, the Arctic Fox, was used for the project. AT LEFTPost 1972 photo of 141325, by N. Williams. BELOW-The Arctic Fox at Pax River on 8-3-68, by R. F. Besecker. See back cover for color details.

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PHOTOS: ABOVE-WV-2, 145937, of VW-ll, about to land at a North Atlantic base. Plane is in the dark blue-grey scheme. USN via Clay Jansson. ATLEFf-EC-121 M, 145941, of VW-ll, in 1964. Burger collection. "M" models were usually distinguished by the avionics hump in front of the upper radome.

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VW-ll

VW-13

PHOTOS: ABOVE, TOP-Light grey WV-2 with white rudders, VW-ll, 141293, note squadron patch and ship with the wording Bamboo Clipper below it. Photo via W. T. Larkins. ABOVE, BOTIOM-EC-121K, 141305, of VW-ll, at NAF Litchfield Park on 3-18-63. Photo by William Swisher.

PHOTOS: BELOW, TOP-WV-2, 141300, ofVW-13, with early TK tail-code on 2-7-57, at Newfoundland. USN Tailhook photo VW0069. BELOW, BOTIOM-EC-121K, 141293, of VW-13, at Davis Monthan AFB on 21 Mar. 1965. Clay Jansson photo.

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PHOTOS: LEFf-EC-121K, 141317, of VW-13, with a red lightning bolt and a circle with a black outline and #13. Via Burger. BELOW, TOP-EC-121P, 141331, of VW-13, at Davis Monthan AFB on 17 Mar. 1969. Clay Jansson photo. MIDDLE-WV-2, 141310, of VW-15, in March 1957, off of Newfoundland, while above th"e USS Sallstrom. USN Tailhook photo VW0070. BOTTOM-EC-121K, 135748, of VW-15 on 18 Mar. 1963, mothballed. D. Olsen via Jansson.

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AEWTUPAC PHOTOS: TOP-WV-2, 137889, FAEWTUPAC, at NAS Miramar on 10-3-55, natural metal. By W. L Swisher. ABOVEEC-121P, 141306, AEWTULANT, by B. Eoerr via R. F. Besecker. LEFf-EC-121K. 141293, AEWTULANT, in grey scheme, via Burger. BELOWR7V-l, 131627, AEWTULANT in silver and white with dayglo nose and tail. Leo Kohn photo.

AEWTULANT

BELOW-YEC-121 K. 128324, SUNDOWNER, at Pax River in 1963. By D. Ostrowski via Larkins. Colorful ,scheme of blue with day-glo top, bottom, tail stripes, and engine cowl flashes.

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PHOTOS: LEFTEC-121K, 141297, from Naval Research Lab, in late grey and white scheme. By Bob Stewart via Williams. BELOW- EC-121K, 135753, NRL, retired, photo by N. Williams.

PHOTOS-of VT-86, NAS Glynco, crew training WV-2s. TOPEC-121K, 143221, in late scheme, F. Roos photo. MIDDLEWV-2, 143184, on 18 Mar. 1963, D. Olsen via Jansson. BOTTOMWV-2, 141331, on 8-23-62, R. F. Besecker photo.

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PHOTOS: LEFf-EC-121K, 137889, Naval Air Development Center, blue with day-glo tip-tank, May 1964. Frank Macsorley via Picciani. BELOW-EC-121K, 131388, NADC, Candid Aero-Files.

BELOW-EC1211