John Kirby's Suffolk: His Maps and Roadbooks: with a Facsimile of The Suffolk Traveller, 1735 (Suffolk Records Society)

John Kirby's Suffolk: His Maps and Roadbooks with a Facsimile of The Suffolk Traveller, 1735 John Blatchly

JOHN KIRBY’S SUFFOLK: HIS MAPS AND ROADBOOKS

SUFFOLK RECORDS SOCIETY President Norman Scarfe Vice-Presidents James Campbell, FBA Geoffrey Martin The Hon. David Erskine Chairman Dr John Blatchly General Editors David Dymond (co-ordinating editor) Christopher Harper-Bill (Suffolk Charters) Secretary Gwyn Thomas Suffolk Record Office 77 Raingate Street Bury St Edmunds Suffolk IP33 2AR

Image not available

Oil portrait of John Kirby by Thomas Gainsborough

JOHN KIRBY’S SUFFOLK: HIS MAPS AND ROADBOOKS

Introduced by

JOHN BLATCHLY with contributions by JENNY JAMES

General Editor

DAVID DYMOND

The Boydell Press Suffolk Records Society VOLUME XLVII

© The Trustees of the Suffolk Records Society 2004 All Rights Reserved. Except as permitted under current legislation no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system, published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted, recorded or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the copyright owner A Suffolk Records Society publication First published 2004 The Boydell Press, Woodbridge ISBN 1 84383 051 5 Issued to subscribing members for the year 2003–2004

Disclaimer: Some images in the original version of this book are not available for inclusion in the eBook.

The Boydell Press is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and of Boydell & Brewer Inc. 668 Mt Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA website: www.boydellandbrewer.com A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library This publication is printed on acid-free paper Printed in Great Britain by St Edmundsbury Press Ltd, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk

Contents

List of illustrations and tables

vii

Preface

ix

Abbreviations

x

Glossary

x

Introduction

xi

THE SUFFOLK TRAVELLER, 1735

(with original pagination)

Index to the hundreds in both editions of The Suffolk Traveller

213

Index of towns and parishes in The Suffolk Traveller, 1735

214

Appendices A. Alphabetical directory of the nobility, clergy and gentry, c.1735 B. Alphabetical directory of the nobility, clergy and gentry, c.1765 C. John Kirby’s geometrical accuracy D. Features on the large-scale maps E. Maritime craft decorating Kirby’s maps F. Other maps and surveys by Kirby, Bacon and Emerton

217 223 231 235 243 245

Index of persons in the Introduction and Appendices C to F Index of places in the Introduction and Appendices

251 253

Contents of the packet of maps 1–4 Suffolk, 1736, engraved by Richard Collins, black and white, originally one-inch to the mile, reduced to 56 per cent linear scale. Printed by John Bagnall for John Kirby. By kind permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library. 5. Suffolk, 1737, engraved by Isaac Basire, hand-coloured, originally half-inch to the mile, reduced to 51 per cent linear scale. Printed for and sold by I. [John] Shave, Bookseller, Ipswich [c.1766]. By kind permission of Mrs Charles Abel Smith. 6. Suffolk, 1764, engraved by Andrew Baldrey, hand-coloured, originally quarterinch to the mile, reduced to 84 per cent linear scale. Printed for John Shave and issued as the frontispiece to the second edition of The Suffolk Traveller. By kind permission of A.T. Copsey, Esq. 7 and 8. Four road maps, 1764, engraved by Andrew Baldrey, reproduced at original size. Printed for John Shave for insertion in the second edition of The Suffolk Traveller. From the editor’s collection. 9–12. Suffolk, 1766, engraved by John Ryland, hand-coloured, originally one-inch to the mile, reduced to 45 per cent linear scale. This was printed from the original plates and hand coloured for sale by Stephen Piper of Ipswich in 1825. From the editor’s collection.

Illustrations and Tables

Frontispiece Oil portrait of John Kirby by Thomas Gainsborough. By kind permission of the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. Figures 1. Extract from James Corbridge: An Actual Survey of the County of Suffolk, to which is added great part of the County of Norfolk, 1735. By kind permission of the Suffolk Record Office. 2. Prospectus for the second edition of The Suffolk Traveller, London 1763. By kind permission of Bodley’s Librarian. 3. Armorial bookplate for Viscount Hereford, printed from a copper cut from the Kirby map of 1736. By kind permission of Paul Latcham, Esq. 4. Detail of the 1736 map showing the Tunstall, Wantisden, Wickham Market triangle where Kirby began his survey. 5. Detail of the 1736 map from the Minsmere River to Slaughden Quay. 6. Three details from John Kirby’s plan of Beaumonts Hall Farm in 1737. By kind permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library. 7. John Kirby’s undated manuscript survey of Naunton Hall Farm, Rendlesham. By kind permission of the Suffolk Record Office. 8. Two details from printed borders of Nathaniel Bacon’s survey of Mileson Edgar’s estate in Tuddenham St Martin. By kind permission of the Suffolk Record Office.

xii xxi

xxiv 232 241 246

248

249

Tables 1. Distances and bearings in Kirby’s first triangle 2. Distance from Ipswich of fourteen towns in Suffolk and Norfolk 3. Windmills and watermills shown on the maps of 1736 and 1766

Disclaimer: Some images in the original version of this book are not available for inclusion in the eBook. vii

231 233 235

Preface

The Society is publishing John Kirby’s Suffolk to make more widely available four rare and little-known early large-scale maps of the county and four road maps. A facsimile of the scarce 1735 edition of The Suffolk Traveller is included because this is believed to be the first single county roadbook, and although later editions are better organised and more informative, there are many rewards from an adequately sceptical reading of this somewhat quaint piece of topography. Drawing on the arms, families and houses shown on the maps and named in the roadbooks, it has been possible to make select alphabetical lists of the great and the good of the county in the mid-1730s and 1760s in Appendices A and B respectively. John Kirby’s claims to accuracy have been examined in some detail, and his other known surveys and those of his partners have been listed in Appendix F. Jenny James has combed the maps for the features which are tabulated or listed with some explanation in Appendix D. Hers are the comments on changes to selected areas in east Suffolk since Kirby and the notes on Naunton Hall Farm in Appendix F. Hugh Moffat describes the ships shown sailing off the coast of Suffolk on all four maps in Appendix E. David Dymond has, as usual, been a meticulous general editor, bringing order and consistency where this was lacking. Dr Pat Murrell kindly lent transcripts of several illuminating newspaper advertisements and Edward Martin helped distinguish some of the antiquities which Kirby lumped under ‘castles’ and ‘hills’. Raymond Frostick, a Norfolk enthusiast for early maps, helped with Norwich newspaper evidence, and John Millburn identified surveying instruments. Our President Norman Scarfe elucidated the strange ‘Benhall Sr Roberts’ at Friston and was, as always, enormously encouraging. Joan Corder and her dictionaries were the sources of heraldic information, and others are thanked by name in the map and illustration credits. J.M.B.

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Abbreviations

BL CUL DNB NRO SROB SROI SROL

British Library Cambridge University Library Dictionary of National Biography, in 2004 the Oxford DNB Norfolk Record Office Suffolk Record Office, Bury St Edmunds Suffolk Record Office, Ipswich Suffolk Record Office, Lowestoft

Glossary

chain compass rose furlong perambulator surveyor’s level theodolite triangulation

a measure of 22 yards, a tenth of a furlong and the device for measuring this distance which had one hundred links, each of 7.92 inches a circular design which indicates the cardinal points on a map 220 yards, an eighth of a mile a wheel of known diameter on a handle, with a device which counts the revolutions spirit level on a stand which is the base for a theodolite an instrument with optical sights and a scale so that the angle between two distant objects can be measured the method of using bearings and distances from three vantage points to check accuracy, and adding further triangles as necessary

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The earliest large-scale maps of Suffolk were the result of a survey of the whole county carried out by John Kirby and Nathaniel Bacon between 1732 and 1734. Though it is easy to point out inaccuracies, they are highly decorative and correct many of the errors common on earlier Suffolk maps in county atlases. They are also informative about the owners and occupiers of the larger estates at two dates thirty years apart. The one-inch maps were published in association with two editions of The Suffolk Traveller, the first of which has often been described as the earliest single-county roadbook; indeed those who subscribed for the 1736 map received the 1735 Traveller gratis. In 1972, for Volume XV of the Suffolk Records Society, our present co-ordinating editor David Dymond prepared an edition of Joseph Hodskinson’s Map of the County of Suffolk, engraved and first published by William Faden in August 1783. Rare and valuable in the original, this map at a scale of one inch to a mile has always proved a most useful work of reference for those studying the county in the century before directories became fully informative. The 1972 facsimile was reduced to approximately three-quarters of an inch to a mile.1 Hodskinson, however, was not the first in field, for John Kirby (1690–1753) spent the years 1732 to 1734 surveying the county for a map, also at one inch to a mile, which appeared in 1736, with a half-inch map following the next year. Before this flurry of activity, county maps for atlases had been copied more or less blatantly from those of Christopher Saxton, the last man to attempt anything like full surveys of individual counties. The challenge to action from a Norfolk rival It is likely that Kirby was spurred into action by the activities of James Corbridge, originally from Northumberland, who as early as December 1727 advertised his intention to survey the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk,2 and in 1730 published a map of Norfolk.3 In October 1731, Corbridge and his then partner Francis Emerton of Gillingham announced that they were surveying Suffolk in order to make ‘a compleat map of the 2 counties together’,4 though, long before the Suffolk map was ready in December 1735, Emerton had for some reason decided to transfer his loyalty to Kirby. Corbridge claimed, without justification, that his maps were the result of new surveys, but the merest glance shows that they perpetuate the errors of earlier 1

Hodskinson’s Map was republished by the Larks Press in 2003. The A4 map sections are at the original scale and Dr Dymond’s introduction is slightly abbreviated. 2 Norwich Mercury, 2 Dec. 1727. 3 There is a copy of Corbridge’s Norfolk map of 1730 in a later reprint (c.1785) at CUL Maps d.77.78.1. The NRO has some twenty surveys by Corbridge with dates between 1720 and the early 1730s. He was appointed assessor to an estate in 1738 (see Colman catalogue). 4 Norwich Gazette, 2 Oct. 1731.

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Fig. 1. Extract from James Corbridge: An Actual Survey of the County of Suffolk, to which is added great part of the County of Norfolk, 1735 (59% linear).

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smaller-scale maps. The coastline of the Suffolk map is copied from Saxton and Speed, and many parishes are strangely named and oddly placed.5 The clarity and decorative quality of the Corbridge maps is not improved by two sets of concentric circles drawn at three-mile intervals radiating from Bury St Edmunds and Norwich and by wide borders crammed with tables of place-names and the symbols needed to locate them.6 Kirby lost no time in responding to Corbridge’s declared intention to survey Suffolk. In November 1731 the first of his many advertisements in the county newspapers promised his own survey of the county, and more followed the next year. At this stage Kirby was as anxious to recruit Norfolk subscribers in opposition to Corbridge as to arouse interest in Suffolk. He announced that he would be assisted by Nathaniel Bacon junior, little known apart from a handful of Suffolk estate maps dated between 1736 and 1744. The price was fixed at the outset and never varied. Progress on the map was slow, lasting from late 1731 to 1736, but, to keep his supporters enthusiastic, successive advertisements skilfully reveal new information piecemeal about the contents of the map and details of the survey methods to be employed. [Ipswich Journal No. 587, 13 Nov. 1731 and Norwich Mercury, 22 Jan. 1732] Proposals for surveying the county of Suffolk, by Nathaniel Bacon, jun. and John Kirby. In which map shall be described all the rivers (and where navigable) brooks, bridges, locks, &c., roads (and the true distance from town to town), the ground plots of all market and other considerable towns, parish churches, castles, demolished in whole or in part, monasteries, and other religious houses, and what order they formerly were of, the names of their founders, when founded, with their ancient revenues, division of hundreds, antient kings’ seats, and fields of battle, the seats and parks of all the nobility and gentry residing in the said county, with their arms on the sides of the map, latitude and longitude,7 with whatever else remarkable that may offer itself to view in surveying the same. This map shall be protracted from a scale of one mile to an inch, and is proposed by subscription at ten shillings a map; the one half paid in hand, the other on delivery; they who subscribe for six shall have a seventh gratis. [Ipswich Journal No. 598, 29 Jan. 1732; cf. Norwich Mercury 19, 26 Feb., 4 Mar. 1732] Whereas Nathaniel Bacon, jun., and John Kirby did lately publicly advertise their design of taking an actual survey of the county of Suffolk; these are therefore to certify, that the said surveyors do design to begin the said survey . . . as soon as the roads are fit for perambulation to travel in, which will be March or April next at longest. The authors plan to begin at Ipswich, and first to take a true and actual survey 5

Craven Ord’s copy of the Suffolk map is bound into Vol. 20 of his 24-volume ‘Collections for the History of Suffolk’ (SROI HD1538/20). 6 As on all Suffolk maps before Kirby’s, Corbridge showed Aldringham on the coast and Thorpe[ness] inland, but only he named where Seckford Hall stood ‘Beckford’, and sited a second Buxhall near Woolverstone. His Witnesham is Wittlesom, Bucklesham is Buckleston and Chelmondiston is Chatsham als Chelmodiston. The hundred ‘Bartsmere’ is his worst gaffe. 7 This promise was hardly kept: just ‘Latitude of’ and ‘Ipswich 52d. 14m.’ is found at the extreme edges of the map. Reasonably accurate latitude and longitude could have been taken from Morden’s map of the county. Basire did add them to his half-inch map of 1737 but the longitude was based on Ipswich.

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of the said town, and from thence to proceed in a trigonometrical method to find the true bearings and distances of every parish church in the said county from the said town of Ipswich; the bearings and distances in the roads shall be taken with a perambulator; and in the said map shall be inserted the true distances not only between market towns, but all other towns of any traffic in the said county. The Rivers and Brooks shall be traced up to their Fountains Head, and the Coast from Harwich to Yarmouth; all woods that are remarkable shall be taken notice of; as also all Monasteries, Religious Houses, Gentlemen’s Seats and Parks, antient Kings’ Seats, &c. as before proposed. And the whole work shall be performed with that care and industry as shall render it useful, pleasing and intelligible, and so as to stand the Test of a Mathematical Demonstration. [The Norwich Mercury version ends:] Subscriptions are taken in and receipts given in Norwich by Mr William Chase; in Suffolk by the Revd Mr Christopher Eachard in Cransford, by Mr Hugh Wright in Ipswich, by Mr John Calver in Woodbridge, by Mr Henry Warner in Wickham-Market, by Mr Thomas Crispe in Saxmundham, by Mr Nicholas Newson in Framlingham, by Mr William Roberts in Aldeburgh, by Mr John Scoulding in Orford, by Mr Henry Searles in Yoxford, by Mr William Soans in Halesworth, by Mr Abraham Todd in Beccles, by Mr James Percivall in Bungay, by Mr Robert Money in Harleston, by Mr Benjamin Shuckforth in Diss, by Mr Daniel Meadows in Redgrave, by Mr William Butler in Buddesdale, by Mr Michael Barnes in Rickingale, by Mr John Mason in Euston, by Mr Hannibal Hall and Mr Thomas Baily in Bury St Edmund’s, and by the Authors in their progress through the county. Kirby had a network of innkeepers (where an inn is named), parsons and booksellers in the two counties acting as his agents while he and Bacon were peripatetic around the county. A brief life of John Kirby8 John Kirby’s origins are elusive. According to his grandson William the well-known entomologist, he was descended from a north-country Royalist who, his circumstances reduced by his loyalty, brought his family to Halesworth. The reference supports William Kirby’s belief that his father William used the arms of the Lancashire Kirkbys of Kirby, a family with royalist leanings, mentioned in heraldic visitations.9 The only John Kirby in the Halesworth registers was born to a local shoemaker, Stephen, in 1682 and died in 1736. Apparently, John Kirby at first kept a school at Orford, but was certainly ‘of Erwarton’ occupying ‘a small overshot mill at the bottom of the park [of the Hall]’ when he married Alice Brown at St Nicholas church, Ipswich, on 10 October 1714. Moving to Wickham Market where John kept a mill, probably Glevering watermill,10 Alice bore him five sons and six daughters all christened at Wickham Market or at 8 9 10

See also his entry in Oxford DNB, 2004. F.R. Raines (ed.), Visitation of Lancashire 1664–65, Chetham Society 1872, ii, 169. The watermill at Wickham Market appears on none of the Kirby maps whereas the one at Glevering is marked on all of them, nor is the former mentioned in either edition of The Suffolk Traveller. It may not have been built in Kirby’s time. Mention in advertisements of his house in Wickham Market is puzzling, but from a distance Wickham Market would be a better postal address than Glevering.

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Hacheston.11 The best known are three of the four eldest: John (1715–50 s.p.), Under Treasurer at the Middle Temple; Joshua, artist and friend of Gainsborough (to whom John and Alice sat for separate portraits12); and William, attorney of Witnesham Hall. Family letters published by William’s grand-daughter Sarah Trimmer demonstrate that John Kirby brought up the family to be devoutly God-fearing. By 1725 Kirby was land surveying to support a growing family, and plans exist of estates in more than twenty east Suffolk parishes (and one west) with dates between then and 1745,13 when he was also selling books at Wickham.14 From the tower of the church there, those of ‘very near, if not altogether 50 parish churches’15 were visible, giving Kirby a head start in one part of his survey. John Kirby is best known as author of the slim duodecimo roadbook The Suffolk Traveller of 1735. His careful manuscript draft of part of the work is at Ipswich.16 John Tanner, vicar of Lowestoft from 1708 to his death in 1759 was the ‘reverend gentleman’ thanked for the forty-page table of parishes, patrons and impropriations at the end of book. However, it is Kirby’s large-scale map of the county which ought to be celebrated, because when the book was ready in August 1735, at which time the plates of the map were ‘very near engraved’, an advertisement in the Norwich Gazette offered the book free to existing and new subscribers for the map.17 By 1751, the Kirbys had moved to Ipswich; John died on 13 December 1753 of ‘a mortification of the leg which came on very suddenly’ at William’s Ipswich house, and was buried three days later in St Mary-le-Tower churchyard. His wife Alice survived until she was laid beside him on 30 October 1766, aged 80. Their table tomb has not survived churchyard reorganisation. Changing loyalties Returning to the autumn of 1733, between Kirby’s August and October announcements, Nathaniel Bacon’s name is significantly dropped, and the local agents listed have changed a good deal; there are many more innkeepers, perhaps recruited after lodging with them on the survey. In Corbridge’s absence in Devon surveying an estate of the Hobart family there, ‘that curious Surveyor Francis Emerton at Gillingham’, near Beccles, deserted him for Kirby. Emerton gave up working on Corbridge’s Suffolk map and, what is worse, gave Kirby the names and subscriptions of those who had ordered it from him. These subscribers would instead receive Kirby’s map on payment of the difference between the two sums. It seems likely that, judging Kirby’s work superior, he preferred to give his clients better value for money. [Ipswich Journal No. 625, 5 Aug. 1732] Whereas Nathaniel Bacon, jun. and John Kirby have formerly advertised their designs of taking a true and actual survey of the county of Suffolk, the proposals for doing thereof, and in what manner they proposed to do the same, need not be here mentioned, as being before made public in taverns and other public places. 11 12 13 14

Registers of Wickham Market for 1733 and Hacheston 1715–29. Gainsborough’s portraits of John and Alice Kirby are in the Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge. See Appendix F. The imprint in The Psalm-Singers Devout Exercises, London 1741, includes Kirby at Wickham Market as a stockist. 15 Suffolk Traveller, 1735, 18. 16 SROI HD376/1. 17 Norwich Gazette, 30 Aug. 1735.

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This is therefore to give notice, that the said surveyors have begun the said survey, and made a considerable progress in the same, having now surveyed the coast from Dunwich to Harwich, and up into the country, so as the Hundreds of Colneis, Wilford, Loes, Plomesgate and Carlford, are very nearly finished, with part of some other Hundreds, in respect of the true bearings and distances of the parish churches situate in the said Hundreds. The beginning of the said survey was on Tunstall-heath, by taking (on a plain parcel of land) a measured distance of fifty chains, or five furlongs, by help of which the true distance was found between Tunstall church and Wantisden church; and likewise between the said churches and that of Wickham-market, having thus completed a triangle by gaining all its sides and angles (which upon proof was true, according to the rules of geometry, having its three angles equal to 180 degrees), from thence the calculations have been carried on hitherto (and it may be said without boasting) with great exactness,18 for as it is undeniably true that, if two or three lines concur in one point, the work cannot be erroneous, so in the perambulation that has been taken, the object for proof was Stoke wind-mill in Ipswich (being all that could be discerned of Ipswich town from off Rushmere steeple); then taking another perambulation from Baudsey through the Hundred of Wilford, Colnes and part of Samford, at Woolverston the angle was taken from Nacton to the said wind-mill at Stoke in Ipswich; also again at Freston another observation was made of the quantity of the angle from Nacton to the said wind-mill at Stoke in Ipswich; and by drawing two lines from Woolverston and Freston (according to the quantity of their respective angles observed from Nacton), they concurred in the point before assigned for the said wind-mill, so that, although we dare not say that it is mathematically true (for if so it must not vary the thousandth part of an inch), yet we dare take the liberty to say, it will stand the test of a mathematical demonstration, and be useful, pleasing, and intelligible. And as such an undertaking is too great and too expensive to be undertaken by private persons, without encouragement, it is hoped that, as several gentlemen have already subscribed, others will follow their examples, for the promoting so useful an undertaking. There shall be no more printed than are subscribed for, nor sold for any other or lower price. [Suffolk Mercury, 29 Oct. 1733] Proposals for surveying the county of Suffolk: By John Kirby [only]. [Description and prices as in the advertisement of 1731.] The author gives this publick notice, that such gentlemen as think fit to subscribe for their arms, may do it to the persons undernamed; the author defers the engraving of the plate for that reason, till the first day of next March. Subscriptions with arms are taken in and receipts given, in Ipswich by Mr William Craighton, bookseller; in Bury St Edmunds by Mrs Mary Watson, bookseller; in Yarmouth by Mr Holliday, bookseller; in Lowestoft by Mr John Stannard at the Queen’s Head; in Southwold by Mr Turner at the Swan; in Halesworth by Mr Palgrave at the Angel; at Harleston by Mrs Money at the Pye; in Bungay by Mr Percivall at the Tuns; at Scole-Inn by [the proprietor] Mr Harwin Martin;19 in Sudbury by Mr Samuell Lawsell at the Crown; in 18 19

Detailed comments on Kirby’s accuracy appear below, page 231. Harwin Martin at Scole Inn commissioned from Joshua Kirby two drawings of his premises, giving prominence to the elaborate sign which stretched across the road. They were engraved by Joseph Wood. But see Suffolk Traveller, 1735, 53.

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Lavenham by Mr Thomas Paulson; in Beccles by Mr Abraham Todd at the King’s Head; by that curious surveyor Mr Francis Emerton of Gillingham (who has declined to the survey of the county of Suffolk and a delivered a list of his subscribers to me, with a valuable consideration for their subscription money), and by the author in his progress through the county, and at his house in Wickham Market. The author does hereby oblige himself to deduct out of his subscription money the money that have been subscribed to Mr Francis Emerton. Dated from Haverhill, 22 Sept. 1733. [Ipswich Journal No. 645, 23 Dec. 1733] The survey of the county of Suffolk, as before proposed to be undertaken by Nathaniel Bacon and John Kirby, has been, and now is, attended on by the said John Kirby; the coast now being truly surveyed from Harwich to Yarmouth, and the river Waveney from Yarmouth to Diss in Norfolk. The authors hope it will not be unacceptable to the readers to give an account of the true horizontal distances of the several towns under-named, from the market cross of the town of Ipswich, viz. from the market cross in Ipswich the horizontal distance to Diss, 17m. 5f.; Eye, 15m. 3f.; Debenham, 10m. 6f.; Harleston, 22m. 1f.; Yarmouth, 43m. 7f.; Halesworth, 22m. 1f.; Framlingham, 13m. 1f.; Lowestoft, 38m. 2f.; Southwold, 27m. 2f.; Wickham-market, 10m. 3f.; Woodbridge, 7m.; Aldeburgh, 18m. 6f.; Orford, 15m. 4f.; Harwich, 9m. 3f. Corbridge must have been devastated at Emerton’s defection, but toiled on for two more years until in December 1735 he could announce that the maps of Norfolk and Suffolk were printed and ready to be delivered to subscribers at Norwich. He also promised a four-sheet map of Cambridgeshire which seems never to have materialised.20 Kirby, however, needed even longer to produce his map. Ever hopeful of soliciting a few more subscriptions particularly from the gentry, he was prepared to set new deadlines for the receipt of gentlemen’s arms. [Ipswich Gazette, 12 and 19 Oct. 1734] The survey of the county of Suffolk being now compleated by John Kirby, and a great Part thereof engraved by Mr Collins at Bury St Edmunds who proposes to have the plates compleated in January next. The county of Suffolk contains in circumference 196 miles, its greatest length from east to west is from Southwold to the county river in the fen country of Mildenhall and is 52 Miles; its greatest breadth south and north is from Landguard Fort to Harleston, and contains 28 miles; containing 1196 miles square, and 748160 acres. [Prices and terms unchanged.] Subscriptions are taken in by Mr Craighton, bookseller, and Mr Bagnall, printer; in Bury St-Edmund’s by Mr Collins, engraver, and Mr Watson, bookseller, and by the author in Wickham Market. Such gentlemen as please to have their arms, are desired to send them to any of the abovesaid persons truly blazon’d by the end of November next, otherwise they cannot be inserted. [Suffolk Mercury, 14 Oct. 1734] The survey of the county of Suffolk being now compleated by John Kirby, and engraving at Bury St Edmunds, will be ready for the press by February next.

20

Daily Gazetter, 3 Dec. 1735.

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[County dimensions repeated, terms unchanged and final invitations to Gentlemen to have their Arms inserted.] In just under a year, the book’s publication was announced in Ipswich and Norwich in late August, with yet another appeal for new subscribers to the four-sheet map. The book was offered gratis to all those who had ordered the map, and to those who now put their names down. There seems to have been no separate offer of the book for sale on its own. It was also too late to have one’s arms engraved. [Ipswich Journal, 23 Aug. 1735; Norwich Gazette, 30 Aug. 1735] This day is publish’d in 8vo. The Suffolk Traveller: or, a journey through Suffolk. [The descriptive material which follows is familiar.] The books will be delivered to such gentlemen as have already subscribed to the map with all speed, and such other gentlemen as please to become subscribers may have these books sending their names and subscription money (which is 5s. down, and 5s. on delivery of the map) at the following places, Mr William Creighton bookseller, Mr Stephen Kirby at the Gryffin, both in Ipswich, Mr Watson bookseller, and Mr Richard Collins, ingraver, both in Bury, Mr John Gudgeon in Eye, Mr Hall in Debenham, Mr Francis Emerton at Gillingham, near Beccles, the printer J. Bagnall in Ipswich, and the author at his house in Wickham-Market. N.B. The plates of the map are very near engraved, which when finished, shall be printed off without loss of time, and published with all expedition. The first maps and roadbook published When in 1736 the decorative and well-printed map eventually appeared it was worth the long wait. Kirby dedicated it to Charles Fitzroy, 2nd duke of Grafton, placing a full achievement of his impressive arms at its head. For this there will have been no charge, but more than one hundred members of the nobility, clergy and gentry paid the premium to see their arms engraved also. The engraver Richard Collins of Bury St Edmunds had used four copper plates 750 by 600mm. In 1747 he engraved Thomas Warren’s plan of Bury, beautifully embellished with elevations of the principal buildings and arms of local worthies.21 Complete copies of Kirby’s maps are rare; of the one dated 1736 copies have been located only in the Map Rooms of the British Library and Cambridge University Library, both uncoloured save for washes along hundred boundaries.22 The map is singularly free of explanations of the conventional signs, but mills, churches, houses, parks, woods and castles are easily recognised without them. Watermills appear as pierced and rayed black circles. There is a compass rose, and a delightfully decorative cartouche with John Kirby’s name, the date, the engraver’s name, ‘According to Act of Parliament’ and a scale of miles. Winged putti are busy with measuring instruments and a large globe. Otherwise the following notes suffice: N.B. This Character [a church inverted] denotes a Church or Chapel to be in ruins. This [a house] a Steeple in ruins. The Roads Survey’d are mark’d thus, .............. Cross Roads not Survey’d thus, ====== 21 22

A framed copy hangs on the staircase at SROB; BL Maps 5250(I). Suffolk 1736 by John Kirby: BL Maps K.Top 39.4, 11YAB and CUL bb.17.G.62.

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Taken together, Kirby’s map and book provide a selective directory of the nobility, gentry and clergy of the county. Much of the detailed information Kirby promised on the 1736 map had to be consigned to the book which has become rare, so that it is here reproduced in facsimile and, for the first time, given an index and tables of mills and other features of interest. In 1737 a cheaper edition of the map appeared at half the scale; the heraldry, names of property owners and much other detail was omitted, and the engraver was Isaac Basire whose characteristic rococo shell cartouche contains all the titling and descriptive matter. The earliest copy of this map so far located was printed in the 1760s by John Shave, the Ipswich publisher of the second edition of the Suffolk Traveller in 1764, who added his imprint in the lower margin of the impressions he took for sale then.23 Perhaps as a response to the Corbridge maps, which fit together in a way which makes some journeys between the counties plain, Basire’s map has Norwich at the extreme northern edge and roads join that city to Thetford, Bury St Edmunds, Botesdale, Scole and Ipswich, Bungay, Beccles and Yarmouth. Further plans unrealised It is not generally realised that John Kirby began to plan a new edition of the Traveller as early as 1739. Indeed, according to his July advertisement that year, it should have appeared early in 1740. Failing that, there is no known reason why he did not complete the project before his death in 1753. [Ipswich Journal, 14 July 1739] John Kirby, the author of the map of Suffolk and Suffolk Traveller, published in the Year 1736, is obliged in gratitude to acknowledge the encouragement he received from the subscribers to that undertaking: which has emboldened him to publish a second edition of his Suffolk Traveller, with considerable additions and corrections. The book is designed to be put to the press before Christmas next; and it will be acknowledged as a great favour, if any gentleman will be pleased to give the author notice of any errors or omissions that they have observed in the first Impression, by letters directed to him at Wickham Market; which he desires may be left with Mr William Craighton, bookseller in Ipswich; or Mr Samuel Watson, bookseller in Bury St Edmunds. [Ipswich Journal, 22 Sept. 1739] [As last with this additional note:] NB His last map of Suffolk, (Price 2s) is sold by S. Watson at Bury, and W. Craighton at Ipswich.24 As well as advertising for improvements, John Kirby called on two expert antiquaries, Thomas Martin of Palgrave (d.1771) and the Revd John Tanner of Lowestoft (d.1759) to suggest amendments and additions to the first edition. It was during Kirby’s lifetime that at least some of the material was added to an interleaved copy of the first edition,25 but as it was not until the early 1760s that the Revd Richard Canning of 23

Suffolk 1737 by John Kirby, republished in 1760s by John Shave of the Butter-Market, Ipswich: SROI MC4/14. 24 It is the 1737 half-inch map which is offered for two shillings; by March 1750 the price was further reduced to 1s 6d. 25 The annotated copy is now Bodley, Gough Adds Suff. 8vo 31. John Tanner’s own interleaved copy containing most of the additions and corrections he contributed is in SROI HD1538/66. In just a year after

xix

INTRODUCTION

Ipswich began to incorporate them in the second edition of 1764, discussion of their nature will be found in the section after next. [Ipswich Journal, 31 March 1750] [This advertisement offers the Basire half-inch map of 1737 cheaply.] Whereas there are a quantity of the lesser sort of maps of the county of Suffolk, taken from an accurate survey made by the Author John Kirby, undisposed of: Notice is hereby given, that the publick may be supplied with them by Joshua Kirby, painter in Ipswich, and Mr Tinney, print seller, in Fleetstreet, London at 1s 6d each, till all are sold. NB. No more will be printed, unless by subscription. Joshua and William Kirby continue their late father’s work Just as the first maps were preceded by the 1735 edition of The Suffolk Traveller, so the later ones came out shortly after the 1764 edition. In 1763, Joshua and William Kirby (John’s second and third sons) advertised an octavo Traveller, with frontispiece map (4 miles to the inch) and four detailed road maps all prepared for the engraver by Andrew Baldrey, Joshua Kirby’s partner in business as domestic and heraldic painters. The Kirbys made a special point of giving pride of place to their late father’s name on the prospectus and title-page of the new edition, perhaps because in his lifetime he carried out more of the work of revision than is yet known. The first page of the bifolium prospectus26 is reproduced in Fig. 2. That the Revd Richard Canning was the editor of the improved Traveller is only revealed in the account given of his life and work in John Nichols’ Illustrations of Literary History of the Eighteenth Century. The subtitle of the section is ‘The Editor of the second Edition of the Suffolk Traveller’, and there is no reason to doubt Nichols’ authority since Canning chose anonymity in five other publications, only putting his name to two sermons, and the Traveller was his last.27 The book was published on 15 September 1764, price 5 shillings sewn in paper wrappers and 6 shillings bound. A plan of Ipswich, reduced from Ogilby (1674) and maps of separate hundreds which Baldrey had drawn for the new book exist only as originals in private possession. Useful additions to this edition were the lists of borough and county Members of Parliament and High Sheriffs. Shave offered copies of John Ogilby’s nine-sheet map of Ipswich at the same time for just 4s 6d.28 Revisions between the first and second editions The process of amending and supplementing the information in the 1735 edition probably began as soon as the first readers answered John Kirby’s invitation in his preface. The appeal was repeated in the Ipswich Journal of July 1739, about which time John Kirby sent an interleaved copy of the book to his two principal helpers, John Tanner and Thomas Martin. Tanner, the natural administrator, gave accurate and precise information; Martin’s style was more anecdotal. his death it passed from Browne Willis to William Cole, both of whom added notes which do not appear in the 1764 edition. The book went from Cole, Ord and Phillipps to Lord Iveagh. 26 The only known copy was collected by Richard Gough in Bodley, Gough Gen. Top. 364 at fol. 750. 27 Nichols VI, 538–45 (1831) and see his entry in Oxford DNB, 2004. 28 Surveyed in 1674, published in 1698.

xx

INTRODUCTION

Image not available

Fig. 2. Prospectus for the second edition of The Suffolk Traveller, London, 1763.

xxi

INTRODUCTION

John Kirby’s frequent ‘To whom it was granted at the Dissolution of that priory we find not’, was just not good enough. Bishop Thomas Tanner’s Notitia Monastica, first published in 1696, contained information of which Kirby was unaware. John Tanner, the bishop’s younger brother made sure that all the monastic foundations in the county were correctly described (as abbey, priory or college) and that the date of their dissolution and names of new, mainly lay, proprietors were given. Tanner was also the first to quote Dugdale’s Monasticon. Both antiquaries gave dates at which disused churches ceased to hold services. Tanner enthusiastically combed wills (most of them ‘in the Beccles office’) for bequests to church buildings, towers and porches, etc., and these details he gave at, for example, Woodbridge and Framlingham. He corrected an error of some twenty years in the date of the arrest of Thomas Bilney while preaching in St George’s chapel, Ipswich (not in Mary’s, but in her father’s reign). Tom Martin and John Kirby debated the non-existent silver crown of Mendlesham in time to take it out of the second edition. On page 31, Kirby gave ‘In this Age some Persons in digging here, found an Antient Silver Crown weighing about 60 Ounces, which is thought to have belonged to Redwald, or some other King of the East Angles.’ Thomas Martin corrected him: ‘I think this was found at Rendlesham, not here’ but Kirby only confused matters by adding his ‘Answer: That was a Piece of Money according to this Author, not a Crown.’ It was of course Bishop Gibson who, in his 1695 edition of Camden’s Britannia, reported the find at Rendlesham in the 1660s; it was unfortunately sold and melted down before it was recorded. This is the story repeated in the second Traveller at page 105. If Kirby had used Camden, he misread the placename. It was also left to his helpers to add information from John Weever’s Antient Funerall Monuments, 1631. Both Martin and Tanner did much to improve the account of Bury St Edmunds, and the places near which they lived and worked: Botesdale, Bungay and Beccles, Lowestoft and the whole north-eastern part of the county. Kirby had taken very little trouble over Lothingland and Mutford. Tanner understood what was caught by the fishing vessels of the coastal towns, correcting ‘herring’ at Aldeburgh to ‘sprats, soles and lobsters’. Unlike Kirby, Tanner and Martin had the status to penetrate the private chapels of large houses, such as Tendryng Hall. They also eliminated much of the faint praise which Kirby had lavished on such places as Haverhill, and, surprisingly, Wickham Market. On the other hand, they felt that Kirby praised some ‘Houses of good Entertainment’ too highly, particularly those at Botesdale, Halesworth and Scole.29 Tanner pointed out that East Bergholt’s church tower was unfinished rather than in ruins. No one spotted the error ‘Barham’ for Baron Pretyman at Bacton on page 109. Tanner wanted Covehithe called Northales, and improved such names as Ash-boken. Kirby, no stranger to the Shotley road, should have known Freston Tower, but did not mention it, leaving Martin to suggest that ‘Freston is remarkable for a Sumptuous high tower near the River.’ Tanner noted that the ‘steeples of Alderton and Bawdsey made very good sea marks, but both greatly decayed’. Both men tried to demonstrate that Hartismere hundred had the best record for longevity of its inhabitants, citing a man dying at ninety-five, whose wife had borne him a daughter in her fifty-eighth year. Under the parish of Cotton the new edition has two similar stories. It was, however, Martin who provided the last and best anecdote about the Revd Richard Lovekin, for fifty-seven years rector of Ufford, said to have been 111 years old when he died in 1678, having preached the Sunday before his death.

29

The manuscript addition on page 53 contradicting ‘Scole-Inn is a good House . . .’ with ‘a damned Lye’ is in the hand of Charles Stisted, the Ipswich attorney who first owned the copy used to make the facsimile.

xxii

INTRODUCTION

‘This gentlemen was plundered in the grand Rebellion, and lost all his Goods except one Silver Spoon, which he hid in his Sleeve.’ The 1764 edition, better organised and about half as long again as the first, has this story on page 116. John Kirby acknowledged the help he found in Browne Willis’s Parochiale when compiling the final table of parishes, church dedications, patrons and impropriations. Tanner stated the obvious when he urged Kirby to revise it completely for it was thirty years out of date. The new edition uses the table, stripped of Hundreds, Deaneries and Religious Houses to which livings belonged (two-hundred-year-old information), to provide an index of parishes and hamlets. Canning certainly accepted all the suggestions made by Tanner and Martin, as well he might. It was he, however, who quoted Dowsing’s Journal in his edition, from the manuscript version of one of his St Lawrence parishioners, Edward Duck, brasier.30 No printer is named on the second edition title-page, but as Henry Woodfall printed the prospectus, he probably took on the whole volume. The one-inch map of 1766 [Ipswich Journal, 20 Oct. 1764] The editors of the second edition of the large map of the county of Suffolk, request the favour of those gentlemen who have subscribed for their arms, and have not yet sent them to the agents of the editors, that they would send them truly blazon’d, within one month from the date of this paper, to Mr Shave, bookseller, in Ipswich, or the same cannot be inserted on the map. Having published the new Traveller, Joshua and William Kirby, mainly as underwriters, turned their attention to a new edition of the one-inch map. The brothers still owned the original plate for the half-inch map and could reprint it without alteration. But the larger map presented two problems, one trivial and the other insurmountable. At some stage, to provide an armorial bookplate for one of the viscounts Hereford, a piece of copper measuring 3½ by 3 inches was cut from the north-east plate.31 A fragment of the upper swirl on the ‘V’ of Viscount which appears below the motto scroll on the bookplate demonstrates its origin. None of the other arms have been found in similar use, so that four large copper plates were ruined by one thoughtless piece of cannibalism. A more serious problem for the Kirbys was that the copper plates had passed from Craighton to a rogue printer and bookseller, called Thomas Page, who enters the story twelve years later. Meanwhile, a complete re-engraving of the map was essential and John Ryland was chosen to do this. Like their father, the brothers had to coax subscribers to order in advance and to pay extra for their arms to be displayed. There is no evidence that the second edition Traveller was offered free of charge to map subscribers. The new plates had all things decorative in the latest fashion. First of all, however, since no fresh survey was carried out and the accuracy of the 1736 map was accepted, Ryland pasted sheets of the first map on to the face of his copper plates so that he could score through the outline of the county, its rivers and roads without further trouble. Fresh titling was then added, and the names of the owners of arms and estates were revised. The ‘Explanation’ at bottom left makes explicit for the first time the symbols used on 30 31

Trevor Cooper (ed.), The Journal of William Dowsing, Woodbridge 2001, 142–3. Price, 9th viscount, succeeded 1700, sold Christchurch at Ipswich in 1735, and died in 1740. Price, 10th viscount, died in 1748 and with the death in 1760 of Edward, 11th, the line ended.

xxiii

INTRODUCTION

Image not available

Fig. 3. Armorial bookplate for Viscount Hereford, printed from a copper cut from the Kirby map of 1736. the earlier map, adding a black letter B for Boroughs and M and T in ligature for Market Towns. The measured distance between two places is expressed by a figure in a circle placed across the linking road. The example given was for Ipswich and Woodbridge: 7-5 in a circle indicating 7 miles and 5 furlongs. The title of the map in the cartouche at top right reads: 1766 A New Map of the County of Suffolk; Taken from the Original Map published by Mr John Kirby in 1736. Who took an Actual & Accurate Survey of the whole County; Now republish’d (with Corrections, & Additions) by Joshua & William Kirby, sons of the Author, 1766; And Engrav’d by Jno. Ryland. Again, contemporary impressions of the new plates are exceedingly rare; just one copy at the British Library is known.32 There is approximately the same number of coats of arms as on the first edition, but the landowners are those of a generation later, and room was made for twelve views of antiquities, seven owing something to the engravings of the brothers Buck (with a B below), and five others (K below) from Joshua Kirby’s own pen. Suffolk antiquities depicted on the 1766 map B Burgh Castle K Butley Priory B Mettingham Castle B Wingfield Castle B Framlingham Castle K Covehith [sic] Church 32

BL Maps K.Top.XXXIX.5 or Maps C.24.e.26; SROI S1/2/300/5.

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INTRODUCTION

B Orford Castle K Bungay Castle B Leiston Abbey

B The Gateway to Bury Abbey K Blithburgh Priory K St James’s Church at Dunwich

These twelve views of antiquities in the county are reproduced on the jacket of this volume. The 1764 Traveller, its subscribers’ list and the 1766 map provide the select directory to the county in the 1760s in Appendix B. Joshua and William Kirby called ‘Pirates’ Ten years after the new one-inch map was published, Thomas Page (born 1710), a ruthless operator on the fringes of the Ipswich book trade, advertised copies of the 1736 and 1737 Suffolk maps for sale. He began as journeyman to William Craighton who in 1738 bought John Bagnall’s business, selling the bookbinding side to Page, on condition that he did not trade in books. Page did not keep to his side of the bargain, and in late 1750 he and Craighton conducted an acrimonious correspondence in the pages of the Ipswich Journal, of which the latter was the publisher. At some stage before 1776, Page either bought, was given, or misappropriated not only a considerable stock of the earlier maps, but also the original copper plates of the large-scale one. He could now, with some justification, refer to the Kirbys’ 1766 map as ‘a pirated or pretended survey’. After all, he was selling the original fruits of John Kirby’s three-year survey. [Ipswich Journal, 2 Mar. 1776] The large set of maps of Kirby’s actual and real survey of the county of Suffolk, printed off upon four sheets of imperial paper, from the finely engraved copper-plates, thereof, are sold by Tho. Page, bookseller and stationer in Ipswich. The beauty and correctness, as well as the very small price of the above map, being only 10s a set, it is presumed will recommend it to the public in opposition to any pirated or pretended survey. NB. Any bookseller or other persons in Suffolk, Essex, or Norfolk, desirous of vending the above map, may be supplied with sets, with proper allowance for their trouble, by applying to the said Thomas Page. Also the above plates are to be disposed of. Enquire further of the said Tho. Page. One week later the Kirbys, through Shave, expressed their disapproval in dignified terms, stating that Basire’s and Baldrey’s maps were to be ‘sold wholesale and retail by J. SHAVE, bookseller, and by no other person in Ipswich’. It is odd that they were not offering the 1766 map, for, even if they had exhausted the first printing, they presumably still had the plates. Perhaps they saw an advantage in offering maps at a fraction of the cost of Page’s. [Ipswich Journal, 7 Mar. 1776] Mr Kirby’s map of the county of Suffolk, taken from an actual survey, on one large sheet of imperial paper, and coloured, is sold wholesale and retail by J. Shave, bookseller, and by no other person in Ipswich, pr. 1s 6d and may be had of all the vendors of this paper; likewise the smaller map, price 6d only.33 33

The maps here offered are Basire’s engraving of 1737 for 1s 6d and Baldrey’s frontispiece map to the second Traveller for 6d.

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INTRODUCTION

Of whom may be had, Mr Kirby’s last edition of The Suffolk Traveller, price bound 6s a book, found truly useful for every person who is desirous of acquiring the knowledge of the history of this county; giving a large and full account of Ipswich, with its suburbs; the hundreds contained in the county, in their several orders, viz. Babergh, Blackbourn etc. . .; and from the above every village is taken in alphabetical order, and some account given of each. To render this work of general utility, to this edition is added four engraved plates, by which the traveller is directed by Plate I. from Stratford upon Stour to Yarmouth. Plate II. The road from Yarmouth thro’ Beccles, Bungay &c. to Newmarket. Plate III. From Ipswich to Thetford, and from thence to Newmarket. Plate IV From Ipswich to Scole, and from Bury through Melford, Sudbury, Boxford and Hadleigh to Ipswich; with directions at large for travelling all the cross roads in the county. It likewise contains lists of the members of parliament. . . Alphabetical lists of the parishes in the county, and the patron of the livings, with their valuation, as they stand in the King’s book. Stephen Piper reprints the 1766 map in 1825 The hand-colouring of most extant copies of the 1766 map, including the one reproduced for this edition, was added in 1825, when Stephen Piper of Ipswich, claiming to have revised the plates, merely amended the fifth line of the title. He erased the words ‘Joshua & William Kirby, sons of the Author, 1766’ and substituted ‘S Piper, Bookseller &c., Ipswich’. Piper was unconcerned that, by 1825, most of the owners of properties named on the map were long dead. Piper had obtained the 1766 plates from the estate of a fellow ‘Yellow’, Henry Seekamp, Whig leader of Ipswich in the early nineteenth century. Piper was completely open, however, about what he had done in the following advertisement. Prices had inflated a good deal since the map originally appeared, especially for the more elaborate. [Ipswich Journal, 12 Nov. 1825] This day Stephen Piper advertises this late impression from the 1766 plates which were until his death penes Henry Seekamp. Few impressions had been taken earlier. The whole map measures five by four feet, and includes 124 coats of arms and twelve views of antiquities in the county. Plain uncoloured sheets 15s.; coloured sheets 20s.; On rollers and canvas 30s.; ditto coloured 35s.; views and arms coloured £4; highly finished £6 6s. 0d. Later editions of the Traveller Two contemporary editions of The Suffolk Traveller claiming to be more up-to-date were printed at Woodbridge and sold by Smith and Jarrold, c.1817, and John Munro in 1829; the second is the more useful. Augustine Page’s Supplement to the Suffolk Traveller (Ipswich 1844) has much information not found in earlier editions.

xxvi

'

T H E

TRAVELLER: A Journey through S~ffolk: In which is inkrted the true Di-

I

fiance in the Roads, from Ip/zuitb to every Market Town in S~f'nlk, and the fame from Bury St. Edmundr. Likewife tbe DiRance in the Roads from one Village to another; with Notes of DireCtion for Travellers, as what Churches ,and Gentlemen's Seats are aged by, and on which fide of the Roag, aod the diftance they are'at from either of the faid Towns.

With a Short Hifiorical Account of the A.na tiquities of every Market Town, Mona* iieries, CaRles, &c. that were in former Times.

Br J O H N K I R B Y , Who took an Atfua2 Survey of r be 6holt Couaty in the rearj 1732, 1733 and 1 7 3 4 "

Printed by

JOHN

B A. G N A L L~, . b . c xcx x v . .

The Right Honourable the F

NOBILITY, The Worlhipful

And the Reverend

Of the Courlty of SUFFO LK. Right Honourable, Worihipful 2nd R everend,

Y your Encouragement I have been enabled to make an AiYlral .Yarvey of the County of .Yi~@olk. At firfi I only propos'd to my fiff-(hzing taken the Horizontal DjRances of the Pariih Churches and other remar kablc Places) to Survey the Roads of the mofi confiderable Traffic iifuing from Ip/. wicb, Bury St. E~mund'sand other confideable Towns in the County, and t o infert the DiRanc~sin my M A P ;with an Account of the Civil Government of each Town, the Fairs, Markets &c. But in my Travels many venerable Pieces of Antiquity offering themfelves'to View, I thought A 2 it

i t would not be unacceptable to give a fhort Hifiorical Account of the Monqfteries and Caftles that have been in the County, whofe Ruins hill befpeak their former Grandeur. T o all which L have added a fhort Acp count of your Scats, and from whom they dcfcended to you, according to the beR Accounts I could get. What Errors 1 may have committed in this or any other Matters, (which at the firfi Effay were almofi unavoidable) I hall be very ready to acknoweldge and correa in another Edition which I dcfign to make in a .little Time, upon better Information ; and I ball acknowledge it as a great Favoor, if any Gentleman will be pleafed to give me Notice of fuch Errors, and how they hould be correEted, by Letters direEted to me at ZPickhnm-Market. A N D here I muR thankfully acknowledge, that being defiitute of that Learning that might qualify me for fuch a Work, I have been favoured by bveral-Reverend and Learned Gentlemen, with fuch Materials as I could not my felf have found, befidcs the correaing my incoherent Copy ; particular!^ to one Reverend Gentleman for the Alphabetical Table at the end of this Treatife; but I forbear to Name them, without leave, for fear of givlng Offence. Wickham-Market.

I am, hfy Good Lords, and Worthv Gentlemen, Your mofi obliged and obedient Humble Servant,

JOHN KIRBY.

T H E

Traveller, @c. Y P P i M , M U FF 0 L K is a Sanon Appellation, fiad.

-\

i

I

I fying the Southernfolk, with refp&

to

1 Norfolk, or theNorthernfolk. Iris a Marie I

timecounty, being bounded on the Raft

1 with the Occan, on tho Weft with Cam-

.

bridgefiire, on the South with the Rives Stour, dividing it from Egex ; and on the North with the Little-OuG, and Waveny,dividing it from Norfolk. Its length from Eait to WeR is 5 2 Miles, its breath from South to North is 2 8 Miles ; making the Circumference 196 Miles ; containing therein 1169 Milee Square, or j4S,~60Acres ; being divided into 2 2 Hundreds, in which are zS Market-Towns, the whole Namber of Pariihes is j2j, befides Hamlets, of which more at the End of this Treatife. T H 1 s County is naturally divided into the Sand& . lands, the Woodlands, and the Fielding. The Sandlands is that TraCt which cxcends itielf b y the Sea C0&, from Landguard-P'ort to Yarmouih, and contaills mofi (if not all) of the Huudred of Colil:s, pxrc of the Hundreds of Carlford, Wilford, Lox, P13rnctB. gar6

( a): gate, 31ythiog, bfutford, and Lothingland. This Parr may alfo be fuhdivided into the hlarfh, Arable, and Heathlands. (The Marfh-land is naturally Fruithful, reat Numbers of Oxen and Sheep; and fome. times w en ploughed i affords the greatefi Crops of Corn of any other Land in this Gounrry, T h a t Part which ' is Arable, is in fome Places i~acuralIygood for.TGllage, and produces excellent. &ups. of all forts~of.Corn; and where it is in a manner Barren, it is. found fit forllmprovement by Challr Rubbifh, Clay, and;a late diicovered Cragg, or Shelllsthsught [phere it can 'be found) p-eferable to the other two, and alfo Cheaper: to come at. So that many Hundreds of Acres of that Land which formerly w& counted of little Value, now prdduce oobd Crops, ro the no fmall Profit of the indufiritrious%uf" bandman. T H E Heathy Part may c o n t a i ~about ~ one-~hird of the Sandlands, and is uikd for Sheep-walks. T H E Woodland Part extends itfclf from the NorrhEaft Corner o f the Hundred of Blything, to tf e Southb Weft Corner of the County at Haverill; and includes @art ofthe Hundreds of Carlford, Wilford, Loes, PlomeG gars, Blything, Blackbourne, Thedureftry, and Thingqoe$ all t h e Hundreds of Risbridge, Babergb, Cosford, Sarnford, Stow, Bofmere and Clcydon, Hartdinere, Hoxne, Thrcdling, and Wangford. This Part is ge~lerallyvcry. Dirty and Fruitful. I11 ctlis Part is made the SuEolk.Butter, To managed by the Xeat DairyWife, that io is jultly elteemed the plcaf'antefi and beff iu England. The Cheeie, if right, made, none rnucll bettcr, and if not fo, I I O I I ~can benwarfe. T H E Fielding Parr contait~s;all thc Hundred of Lacktbrd, and the remaining Pares of the Hundreds OF Blackbourne, Thedweilry, and Thingroe; and is moil of ir Sheep-Walks, yet afiords,gdod Corn in divers Parts,

%

-%iflop T x ECCLESIRSTLCAL Government is under the of Norwich, it being Pare of that See ; for the E

more convenient Govcrnmei~cwhereof, it is divided inta two Archdeaconarics, viz. Suffolk containing the Eafiern Parts of thisCounty, and Sudbury including the Weit: crd?arts,. Thefe two Archdeaconries are tubdivided inta -. - --

- 3-3

zt Desilsries. The Deanaries in the Archdeitconry bf Suffolk are, 8ofmere, Cleydon, Hoxne, Lothinglanti, nrilhrd, Loes, Carlford, Samford, Wangford, Durlwich, Orford, Southelmham, Gipwic, and Colnes. T h e Dea. naries in the Archdeaconary of Sudbury are, Sudbury, Stow,Tl~ingoe,Clare, Fordham, Hartfmere, Blackbourne and The'dweltry. T h e Towns and Parilhes in each Deanary, appear in the Table of the Ndmes of the Towns and Villages at the End of this Treatife. T h e r e are moreover in the Archdeaconar~of Sudbury 1 2 Parifhes in Cambridgemire, whofe Names appear in th'e Map, uiz. Afhly, Silverley, the Burwells, Cheevcly, Chippenham, Fordham, Kirtling, Kennct, Snailwell, Soham, Wooddicton, and New-Market-All-Saints; 9 Hamlet of Woodditton, they are Part.of rhe Deanary of Ford ham.

T H E CIVIL Government of this County, is in t h e High sheriff, for.& Time being T h e divifion of this County, in ref$& of its Civil Government, was formerly divided into the Geldable, and the Liberties of St. Edmund, ;St. Ethelared, anddSt.Audry ; but the prefcnt -Divilion, IS into the:GeldaBle and the Franchire or Liberty ofiSt. Edrnund, leach df them furnifhes a diitinCt: Grand Jury at the AITtzes. W h a t Part is in each L i berty appears at the Enti of this Trearifi. Suilblk and Norfolk were formerly under the Government of one High-Sheriff, till the 17th Year d f @eel1 Elizabeth, when SuEolk had a High Sheriff of its own, diitine from Norfoltc, which was .Robert Afhfield of Ncther-

'hall, Efq;

T o w A R D s the M IL E T ARY Defence of the Kitlgdom, this County furni&es, as itsQuota .ro4theMilitia, 4 Regiments of Foot, the White, the Red, the Yellow, and the Blew, each coniifliog of -6 Companies. The White is raiied in the South Part, the Red in the North about Hoxne Hundred, the Blue: in the EaR about B e e cles, and the Yellow in the WeB about Clare. T h e r e is olie Reginlent of Horfe of four Troops, each fiverally carrying the Colours of the Foot Regirncnts, and belonging to them, being raikd in the fame Parts of the CounB2 trJ'

a

*

< 4,

try. T h e Militia is under the Command of the Lord Lieutenant of the County, the Moft Noble C HARLES Duke of G RAF TON, being ,the' prefent Lord Lieutenant.

A s to this Surve , the Author in making it firft took the true Horizontal iflances of the Parim Churches, and other remarkable Places, at 250 Stations, 'from the tops of Steeples, the Country being Woody, or the Parifh Churches moAly fituated in Vallies, which made 'the TasIc more tedious ; having taken the Horizontal DiAances of Places, his next Task was to take an A&ual Survey of the Roads ; which being effeee'd, in the blap is infated the nearkit DiAance that can be found bc tween any two Places, alld alfo the TmvelIi~~g Gifiance ; as for ExampIe, frdm Ipfwich to Saxmundham, the true Horizontal Diftance is IG Miles and 'g Furlongs ; the Travelling Diitance exaaly zo Miles, and l o of the reA. T h e Journal t h ~ twas taken in the Suryey of the Roads ~rrforms1heTravellerof the Biftances in the Roads, not only from one Marlret Town to anotber, ,but liktwife from one Villa e to another, the Turnin s to be avoided to the Rig t and Left, with oiher goons of DireBion, as what Churches and Gentlemgno Sedts ar,e paged by, and on which 6de of the Roag' tb'ey afe fituate, with other Remarks touchink the 'Ancient EDate of a11 Monaeeries, .. Cafiles, and :other Pieces ' 'of Antiquity. T HE Roads do not follow in an Alphaljeticil Order; but Ipfwich is made the firR Centre, aria'Bury St. Edmund's the nexr, and then otherTownsLasthky foilow ; and the-Rdads are treated of, as they iKue- ther5from. I N O w of no MiRakes, in either tht 'Ho,rlzontal orTravelling DiRances; but as nothing of t'h~snatute was ever yet performed with that Atcuracy, blut' that fome h a l l Slips might be obierved by the Curious, this perhaps may be my Cafe : yet if the Map, 'and this fmaII TreatrE be judged of with as much Candour and Impartiality, as the Author ul'ed Indufiry and Care, in cornpleating thcm, he doubts not-but both will meet with Acceprauce.

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rrsw ICH,

P S W 1CH, formerly calied G IPPESW IC, isa very *

lar.geToan, and thechief Town inthe County. It 'lies 011 the North Gde o f the River Orwell, which rifis -chiefly irom two Springs, one in Rattlefden, and the ather in P1'erheiden, though there are,folne other Syringa ~h;hichr11n iryoit, the moil obfervabic of which are deXcr~bed in the-Map. T H I s T o w n was pillaged cwice hy the Danes in the %pace of I I Years ; and before that Time it lmi been a Corporation, and HaifiHundred, and had divmHam. t'ts and el 7ht Rarfies, viz T r i a i r g , %:Mary, S.t Mic h k l , St.. otolph, St Laurence, St. Peter, St. Stephen, Jhe eighth' by 40me miRake is omitted in the Book of Retords from whence this Account is taken, but ir m y be fuypofed to be ORerbolr ; fur it1 the z ~ f of i Edward rhe ' l ~ l d I. find mention of a Tenement abutting on 'St, Clement's-Greet on the Ea#, and upon the Em p t y $'lace cali'd Shire Houfe-Hill, and the Church-Yard of zhe antiquated Church of ORerbolr on the Weit; and in the 3d Year of the fame King there is menriot1 made of a Tenemel~tin the Key l'arifh, which had ,Shire-Houfe Hill on the North, and the-Salt Water otl ghe Souttr ; from whence may be. colleLked r l ~ a xShire-. 'Houfe-Hill was on the n'orth of the AngelfInn at the ' K g y , and r)iterboltvs Church-Yard above that. The Town had $3 Acres of Demefn, and, paid 154: per ' qnnum Fee-Farm Qent to the .King, Jt was oncampaged with a Rampart and Ditch, which the Daacs demoliflied in the Year 991 ;. bpt King Johnqin the: 5th Year of his Reign, ordered them to be re-buiit,tjy. the Aid of the Country, and of the County of Cambridge* 'bVbc11 the Normans got Poffeaoti of this K i n g d o g $fie Conqueror, to keep the People in Awe, vbqiit many t CaRles, and among them one at IpKwich, whkki'Hugh '.Bigod, Earl of JYorfollr, mainqiperl againlt Kin Ste:.p,Ij.tiq!~,but was ,pbliged to Surrender ir. This Cafl e is fo ehtkely dsmolijhed: that not the leaR Rubbiih. of it is fo be found It is -by many iuppofed to have flood"in mr nigh WafierSeld, but b o t k r s more probabIy an 'the Berth-weit &de~f the own, between Brook%?bEaEi .!add

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and ale-~ali, in a Place now commonly c a l l d Broom&ills; but in the hlemor of Come now living, it was commonly called ~aDle-Kills. There is frequent rnention.af Caitlc-Hill in the Archives of tile Town, in particular in the 2 r i t of Elizabeth, of a Difference with Mr. U'irhipol about nine Acres of Ground at Cafile-Hill, C.T i s 3 very neat and well built Town, m uch larger .than malay Cities, and well filled with Gentry and a h e r 1nh'abiranr.s Ir was formerly Famous for the Manufaaures of Broad-Cloth, and the beR Canvas for SaiLCloth, called Ipf~vichDouble ; it has had fiverid Companies of Traders incorporated by Charter s, as Clothiers, Merdiaor -Taylors, Merchant Adventurers, &c. It has a very Spaaons Market Place, in the midR of which is a fair Crofi, in which is the Corn hfarltet : Adjo~ning.to .this is the shambles or Butcl~ery, which is very Cornmodious,.,Commonly fuppdfed to have been built by Cardinal Wolfcy ; hut this i'find to be a MiC rake, for that it was built long fince, that is, towards ,the End of the Reigp of Qliecn Efizdbeth, for in her 4 ~ t Year, h ~Nov.1.6, these .is an Order of Court for , a Committee .to build the Butchery, and to cut down and $carry Timber for it .from the Cipyhold Hfiate at U1verktone. Bebind this is rlie Herb Market, There 'is alfo a large Market 'for Butter, Poultry, and other Country Provifions, +in a 4pacious Street a',littlc diitant Xrom this ;and another for Fifh, with whi$h the Town is Xerved in great Plenty. 'It has five Market Days Weekly, ~ i zTuefdays . and Thurfdays for 'finall Meat, Wednef.days and Fridays for Afh, andSaturday is the gencr'al Market Day for all ibrts of Provifions. It has five Fairs 'Yearly, o1x on St George's Day, April 2 3 . onti on St. .James'sDay, July 2 5 . and one on Holy-Rood Day, Sept. 14. which is a very confiderable Fair .toi- Buttq and Cheefe, whither the whole Co~ntrground come to fwnidh themfelves with Winter Stores, and many alto .of the London Traders in thofe Commodities, who are not fuffered to buy ti11 the firD three Days are pa T h e other two Fairs are tor Cattle, the one on the j t and 8th of May, the other on the r ~ t and h 12th ,of AuguB. The& two Fairs were granted by the 1ifi t&&~biurcrof King Charles 11.

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confiderable Maritiine Tradt, bug nw p e a t as formerly, it having been reduced in its Ship. ping by Shipwrecks and other hlisfortunes, particularIr by the Iofi of the Cloth Trsde, of which vaR quantities were ihipped off here for Foreigu Parts. T h e r e have been fix Yards confiantly in ufe, where were built near 20 Ships, every Year, and, there have been. reen. in the Winter near 200 Sail- of Ships belonging to the Town, many, of them of 300 Tons, and+none under 80. H a R E are at prefknt in this T o m but I z Parik. Churches,St Mary Tower, St. Margaret, St. Laurence, St. Stephen,. St. Nicholas, St. Peter, St. MaryKey, SC. Clement, St.HeIen,, St, Mary-Stoke, St. hlary at Elms, and St. Matthew ; but there arc evident hlemoirs of four others, St Mildred, St. Auitin, St. George and St. Edmund Pountney; the former was where the T o u nHall, now is, and is frequently mentitioned in the Recotds of the Town, and it was a Church To larely ass. And that it was a Parilh Church apSpeed's Surve pears from a ecord in the 6th Year of Edward IN. where there is mention of a Tenement it1 St. hlildred's Parilh, between a Tenement on tha We& and. the Ap* ple Marltet on the EaR, one Head abutting on St. M I L dred's Church on the South, and. the Corn-hill 011 thc Sorth. I N the Rolls of Court Pleas, 5th of Edward IT. mention is made of a Tenement between Loligate-way a n d . St, Auitin's Church on the. oilel Part, and the Salt Water on the other. I N the ;d of Edward I'I. E',leEtors were cboGn one+ af the feveral Parifhes ro choole Portmen, viz. o u ~of St.Margaret's 4.Tower 4. St. Marthew's and Sr.Georgeb 3 St. Mary-Elms and St. Nicholas's 4; St. Peter's all& St. Aufiin's 4. Key and Ss. Clementb 9, St. Saphen's a n d Lat~rence's4. St. Helen's being 1ek o~it.ih this E1eeion.t A N D in the q,th of Richard 11. there is a Roll of t h e lawhl Men of full Age in the feveral Pariihes, where-B. find tbe Hamlet of S t ~ k ewas united to St. Auitin's ; far there we have in St. Margaret's 214. St. Hellcl~'s zg.,Sr, Clement's 13 j Key 45. St. Petecs's 10;. Brooks Ham6 9 .

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7. Wicks-Bifhop I S

Sr - - G f o t g ~~' ~6 St, , Aultin eum

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( 8 2 Stoke 26. St. Nicholas's 136. St. Mary-Elins 56. s t . ~ a r ~ rower I4j. St. Laurence I 27, St. haat~hew'sSp. Si, Stephen's ;I . , Sr Aufiin's Church h o d near St. Aufiin7s Green, rn the other 'tide of Ithe River ; it is now a Barn or Stabje, at the Corner of the Road leading from the Bridge, where it meets with rhat leading from the Dock, formerly called Lofegate way,in the Way to Bourn-Bridge. This has been called Trinity Chsyel ; but I cannot: tind the leait mention of h c h a Chapel, or any marks 'of: a Church elfewhere. St.GeorgeYsis itill almofi entire in St. George>-Lane in St. Matthew's Parifh, to which it is nosv tmited, and was a Chapel in Ufe in Queen Mary's Time, mentioned in Fox's A&$ and Rlonutnents. See his Account of Bilncy St.Edmund'-Pountney was lately almoft entire, in a Yard in Brook-.itreet on the fide of Kofemary-lane. I find, in the 6th of Richard 11, mention of a Tenement between Brook-fireet on one fide, and the Way under the Vriers Preachers Wall leading to the Key [now called Foundation fireet] 011 the other, abutting South on Robard's Tenement, and Horth on the Church-Yard of st. Edmund -Pountney; but I believe this was never a ParifiChurch, becauk I fiad,in the 26th of Ed ward I, mention of John de Be~ghamPar611 ofst. Edmund'sChapel insIpfwich. I find llkewifc mention,in the 12thYear of Ed ward 111, of A]!-Saints Church and Hofpital, which Church, I fuppofe, is what in the 8th of Edward 11 is called All -Saints Chapel, and indeed is faid to be in St, Matthew's Parifh. - E)v T there are now two othersirs tIx Liberties of the Corporation, WefierfieId and St. Thomas at W hitton, new called W1uttot1-Chapel. BeGdes there there were fiveral other Chapels, which are entirely demolified, as St. James's, fome remains of which were lately to be ken near the lower End OFSt. CJlement's-fireet, between the two Roads leading to the Heath ; St. Mary-Cald* v~ell, over-againit Caldwell .Hall, now Cold -Hall, Fam u s for a Conrecrated Spring Bat the motl celebrated of all was that of our Lady of Grace, where wss a Shri~wof the B l e a d Virgin, Fdmous for the Miracle*

performed

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performed there, and on that Accou!~vifted by Pi?, grims from all Countries ; it is m~ntioqed-ih one of the Homilies of our Church (againR the Peril af Idalatry, Part 3 .) by the Namt of our Lady of Ipiwich. This fioed at the Northwelt corner of Lady Lane, llear St. Matthew's Gate, over againit the George inti. There was aifo a miraculoys Rood in Srolte Parih, near the Place now called Golden Kood Lane. Here were aifo many other -Religious HouCes, filled with Monks, and Friers viz? 1. Tw E Priory of theHoly Trinity replete with black Canons AugoRins, founded by Norman GaQmdc, the Son of Ednot, and John de Oxenford Bihop ot Norwkh, in the Rei n of Henry 11, King John, irl the 5th Year of his ke$n, confirmed to them tbis HouTr, with the feveral Lands, Churches, and other Poi'l'cliiouu iven them by many BendaBors, and gracted them a kair to laR for three Days, beginning on Holy Kood Day, Sept. 14. But this Pair was lince gratued to the Town by rhe firit Charter of King Charles 11, to be held in roch Place ds they fhall appoint. Tius Houfc was valued at its I~iffolution at 88 1. 6s. 9 d per Ann. io the Kin s Books. It was fince granted to Edmui~d Withipol, by the InrereR of Philip Ba-nard, Ell,; of Rice Hall in Akenham, Efcheater to the King, a M a n of a valt Ellate, faid to have been owner of tnolt of the Lands between Wood bridge and Scow -Market, whore Daughter Mr. Withipol married, and builr a hanGmc_ Sear: here, called Chriti-Church. It cootiuned in the Family of the Wirl~ipols till the la@ of them, whole Daughter was married to LeiceRer Lord Vii; coum Hereford, who left his Honatir and ERxe to t w o Sons by aficond Wife, LeiceRer a i d Edward, CuccefiveIy. After them his Ddughrer, who married a privdte Gentleman, enjoy'd the Efiare. T h i s delightful S e d t has been latelypurchafed by C LA U D B F ON N ~ K E A U ,U;; 11. T H E Priory of St. Percr and St. C ~ u l , a Priory likewiie of Btgclr: Cdnons, near St. Peter's Church This Moufe w ~ sgrauted to C d i n a l Wotfey ; ,a~d here he built and plent~fully endowed a Gallege, as a Nurfery ro his College at Oxford, then &!led Cardilrdl Coiledge ; bur acer it was feized by C the a

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fhe King it was called, as it is now, ehrifl-Church College. T h e Gateway leading into this College at &pfwich, is now ftanding entitie with the King's Arms over it in the Came Manner as over White-Hall-Gate, which was likewiG built by him. This is now a Gate. .way to a private Houfic built where the College Aood. 111. T H E White Friers Carmelites, founded by Lord lardefly, Jeoffery Nadleigh, and Robert Norton Knt. This flood where the County Goal lately was and the Eeifions Hode, which was a part of the old Building ; but that, and almofi all the refi, is now pulleddown. IV. T n E 6t-e~ Fpiers Minors, or FramciGang, founded by Lord Tiptoth. T h i was in the Parifh of St. Nicholas, near the Church by the iide of the Frefh River. Confiderable remains of it are yet to be fecn V, T H E Black Priers Preachers, founded by Henry d e Manesb , Henry Redred, and Henry de Londharn, was at its uppreflion granted to Mr. John Southwell, the King's Chirurgeon, of whom the Town purchafid she greateft Pan, where now Chritl'E Hofpital, the FreeSchool and Library are ; and the Executors of Mr. Henry Tooly pur chded the reif, whbc now his Foundation for the Poor is, of which anon. T H E R E is alfo mention io the I 9th Year of Edward HI of the. Friers of St. James and St. Mary Magdaletre, and of an ERate &flatbelonged to them. T a E B H was befides there the Houfe of Sr. John Ba till, where now the CroE-Ke Inn is. Likewife t IC Hofpital of St. Mary Magda ene over againft St. HeItn's Church, frequently mentioned in the Records of he Town with that of St, James's. And in the fir@ Year ,ofKing John St. James's Fair was granted to the Eck Houfe ot St. Mary hlagdaleae. T M E R L are remains of mapy other antient BuIIditlgs to be ken, but what the were is unknown. There is alfo fre~uenr mentionof 'r. Leonard's HoTpitarl, parti cdai-lv In the z 5th Year of Queen Elizabeth; and in her 418 Year &lr,.VbrilliarnSmart by his Will left .a Betac* daCtiuu ro the Sick and Lazar Houfes ok St. Leonard iu lpfwich and Sr. Thoqus Apountney. I find alfa a ipection

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mention of the Church of St. Petronilla, on the Heath towards Bixley, Among the Perfons of Note born,or inhabiting in this Town, Cardin~l Wolfey muR have the firit Place; who was ( according to common Tradition) a Butcher's Son of this Town. His mofi trufly Setvant, who always attented him, even to the Hour of his Death, who wrote his Life, and mhR be fup ofed to have had a4 cvaa a knowledge-of him as any lociodg,f y s , Truth it is, Cardinal WolGy was an hone@ poor Man's So11of Ipfwich in the @ountyof Suffolk.' Heroic to the hipheff Pitch of Honour and Grandeur, that it was poable for a Subjea so attain to, and was fuddenly Rripped of all, bein arreffed for High Treaton at his Archiepifcopal Pa ace at Cawood in Yorkkire, (he being Archbifhop of that Provh~ce)and as he was carrying to London, he ,died at LeiceRer Abby, and was buried in St. Mary's Chapel befon ing to the Came : Thus felt the greatefi Clergyman t at ever England bred. C H A R L E S B R AN D O N , Duke of SutioIk, who married the ueen Dowa er of France, SiRer to King Henr VII , had a anlion Houfe here, now the coac Houre i n Brooks- R ~ c t . T h e ManOon-Houie of Sir Humpl~ryWingfield, Knight of the Garter, is in Tankard-Rreet- There is Rill a beautiful Room, with a very fine Chimny-Piece, and a Ceiliqg wrought ibrnething after the manner of that in King Henry VIT Chappel at Wehinfier, finely painted and gilded, and adorned with a great Number of Coats of Arms, This was a Popifh Chapel, in King James IId's Time, when Sir Ch riitopher Milton, one of the udges, lived here ; it ha. been for fomc Years a ancing-School. T h e Manfion fometime of Lord Curfon, and after him of divers Knights of that Name, now commonly known by the N a m ~of the Ki~~g's FIofpital, becaufi in therime of t h e Holland -Wars, it y a s an Hofpital for lick and wounded Seamen, Gnce known by the Name of the ElephantsndCaBle, is remarkable for its fiatel Porch. I r now belongs to the B i h o p of ~ o r w i c &and is Lett upon Leafe. T h e Archdeacon of SufFolk has alfo a very good Houfe in - . Brook-fireet near St. Margaret's ~ a t a *

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by Mh.Pekenham, Archdeacon, in the Time of ~ c n y y V J I . I t is now Lett u p n Leafe for three Lives. Bifiop Wren had nlfo a Manfin Houfe here, overaaainfi the Sea .Horfe in St. Peter's itreet. There are many other good Houfes in this Town, of which the molt cotliiderable are Chrifi-Church abovementioned. Shere is another p o d old Houfe belonging to Sir John Barker, Bart. tt ith others of private Gentlemen and 'T'radefmen. Here is A fair Taw nHall, with a fpacious Council-Chamber and 1arge'Koorn.s under them, n ith Chimnics, ~ r c d c r &c. s fit for Cookery, Pdiry &c. on any publick Occa6on. A Shire-Hall, where the Couilty SeGons are held for the DiviGon of i p f ~ i c h . A lalf qublick Library, where is a good ColleAion of t e Bathers, Schoolmen, Cornmen. tators &c. Thii. is adjoyning to a noble HoQital founded by the Town, and confilmed by a .particular Charter of ueen Eligabeth, by the Name of Ohria's Hofpital ; t e G o v e ~ n ~of r s which are enabled to hold any Lands and Tenements that fiall be iven them by my RenefXtor to the Value of zoo !f per Aniium, any thing in the Sta~uteof -Mortrnain to the contrary notwithitanding. This is for the Maiiuenance of poor Children, old Perfons, thofe that are diRr~&cd; alfo Rogues, Vagabonds, and h v d y Beggars, are to be kept to bard Labour here. Adjoyning to this is alfo the Free School, cotlfirmed alfo by another particular Charter of Queen Elizabeth, with a Salhry for the Msfier and Ufier, paid out of the Fee-Farm Rents belongin to the Crown. Likewife the noble Foundation of h r . Henry Tooly, for poor old hlen and Women, confirmed alfo by another particular Charter of Queer~.Mary, Anno Dom. I 5 j6. l P s w 1 c H was a Borough by Prefcription before the Norman Conquell. Jn the time of Edward the Confeffor, it had $00 Buugefles that paid Cufiom. K i ~ gWilliam the Conqueror, to whom they paid a Fee-Farm Kent of 37 1. Fer Anaurn, gratfed them Frec Markets upon their own Dcmefns, Cart Wm. I . c. 61. In the Time of Henry I it was fo much decay'd that in the Doomfday Book in the Exchequer, it is related tbat there were but I ro Burgefles, that bare S cot

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Scot and Lor, befides IOO of 'the poorer Sort, that were not able t? give more than I d. to the King ; and yet the Farm to the King was raifed again to 3 6 I.

per Annum, This King ranted to Allah of Britanny out of the Hamlet o Wicks I 3 s. 4 d. to be paid

B

by the Bailiffs of Ipfwich, which Lews that the Town was Governed by Bailiffs ar that Time. I n the Time of Henry 11, there was no Market between thisTown and Orford ; but the Prior and Canons of Woodbridge moving for a Market, a Suit was commenced before the K ~ n g ,and on the 9th of O&ober I r 61 in the 8th Year of his Reign, it was Decreed that the Bur-. geifes of Ipfwich fiould have one Moiety of the fiid Market, and .that they fhould have their Servants in the isid Market, together with thofe of the Priory to receiveTol1, &c. an3 and Canons of f~~oodtbridge a Piece of Ground was ranted to them in the fdid Market *a Foot long an t o broad, to build a Houfe on for tieit UTe, for which the); were to pay 4. d. at St. Michael, Witnds William Prior of Trimly, Thomas de Otley, Osbert de Raudrefey, Knt, Giles RufFo, Arnulph Ruffo, John de Bennys, Jeofferey de Bennys, Bailiffs of I ~ f wkh. Many othcr Privileges were granted theTown in this Reign, which I muR pa6 over. In hort, their Power extends to all fuch Caufes, and Pleas within themfelves, as any Court in Hondred or County could take any Cognizance of Richard I confirmed the Liberties of this Town, but it coit them 6 Marks, befides roo s. itlcreafe -in the Fee Farm Rents; towards the latter end of his Reign,he gave the Hamlet of Wicks to John Biihop of Norwich,,lhe ayin to the Town 10 1, fo that Pill it remained drt o the Pee Fdrm. T H Is Town was new modelled by a Charter of Kil!g John, with larger Privileges, in the fi:R Year of hu Reign , ahd it has had from fiveral other Princes I 7 Charters Gnce that ; one from Henry 111, one from Edward I, one fiom Edward 11, one from Edward 111, two from Richard 11, one from Henry IV, one from Ed. ward 1V,one from Henry VII, two from Henry VIII,

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one from Edward VI, one from Queen Elizabeth, 6110 from

i 14 ) fiom James I, one fiom Charles I, reciting at lar c and confirming all the former, and two from Char es 11. I T is now a Town Corporate, overned by two Baib

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liffs, a Recorder, I z Postmen, w lereof 4, befides the Bailiffs, are Juitices of the Peace, two Coroners, 24 Common Council Men, who are aIfo High -Conitables, and I L of them Headboroughs ; and I 5 Petty-ConRables, one for each Parifh, and the other for Hamlets of Brooks, Wicks-Ufford, and W ic s-Bifhop. T H I s Tow11 has many peculiar Cufioms and Pn:.ileges ; I h a l l mention a .few of each,

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A L L Tenements in the Town are by a Gavelkind

equally partable between the Heirs Male and Female, if not foreclofed by the Gift of their Anceflors. 2. T H E firR Wife of any Peer 6r Cornmotlcr fhall at her Husband Death have his chief Meffuage in the faid Town, to hold the fame in Frauk Bank, while k e remains a Widow, without Wafle or Alienation, i n difheritance of her Husband's Heir ; and befides fiall be endowed with half the remainder. If her Husband had btit one Meffuage, f i e $811 have that ; but her Husband's Children mu@ in that caE be lodged with her, 3. S v c H Women as are not entituled to this Free Bank, k a l l remain in the chief Meffuag 40 F y s after the Dcatb of thei4 Husbands, in w ich Tlme theit* reafonable Dower fhall be aRigneC them b y their Husband's Heir, viz the half of all the Tenements and Rents in the Town, 4. T H E Widow of any Freeman &all be Prec after her Husband's Death. 5'. A N Y Minar, M a t or Female, that can reckon an Accom pt, (which is commonly done by meafuring fome Yards of Cloth, or telling 29 s.) may pa6 away an kfiate at the Age of 14:Years, And they have+ many other peculiar Cufioms, A s to their Privileges: T h e fend z Members to Parliament. The Bailitfs pais ines and Recoveries, hear and determine Criminal Caufes and Cadcs af Qebr kc. arifing in the Town, preferably to any of

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his MajeRy's Courts at Weflminfier, and to a11 other Courts whatfoever, though they be Caufes that may concern the Crown ; and they ihall be allowed, fhewing their Charter. They appoint the A&ze of Bread, Wine, Beer and other Provifions, by Weight and hica. fire. No Free~nancan be obliged to firqe on Turks out of the Town, nor to bear any Offices for the king, without his Codent ; yet many of them havC beer, made Sheriffs for the County. Nor are they obliged to pay any Tolls or Duties in any other Parts of the Kingdom. They have CaR the City of London in a Tryal at Law, for Duties demanded by the City of Freemen's Ships in the 'River Thames. They are entit~iledto all Waifs and Strays, Goods of Felons, Outlaws and Fugitives, and other Deodands, within their Liberties ; to all Flotibns and etfons, or Goods loR at Sea and fwirnrnil~gor calt or^ S lore wkhin 'theit. Admiralt Jurifdi&tion, which reaches to allplaces where the Sea f rows, or in time to come lhall flow, from the Town to the farthen Point of LanwrthRon, at a Placc; called Lepoiles,Polle&ened, or ~oRiilhedin Alto Mari, and to allplaces within that,on the Coafi ofEffcx beyond Harwich, and on the Suffolk Codlt on either fide; and the Bailiffs hold their Admiralty Court on the Gi Point of LangarthRon, bevond Landguard Fort, fu rnoning aJury or Inquell 'of ille Inhabiunts on both lidos. And their Water Bailiff receives Money of all Ships for Anchorage or taking up BallaR within thele Limits. This Town is honoured in givin the Title of a Vikount, to his Grace C HARLES uke of GRAETON. T Hu s rnucl~.for Ipfwich, from whence we will now Cct out npon our Survey of the County.

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T H E Road fiom the hlarket Croli in Iphvich to

Yarmouth

Bridge.

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A T 5 t f. leave Ipfwicl~Town at St. Helen's Pound. A t I in. 3 f. the left goes into Iylwich bqing rlle Coach Road. At 2 m. t f. the lefr turns acute forward through the Beacon Lane to Martlefham Lion; leaviof the Gallows a little on the right, and RufJimer C urcll abour 2 f, on the lefr, At 3 m.-+ f. is Kefgrave Chur.ch

~l9ti:

( 16 cloG (HI the right ; here the right turns to Brightwell, thelefi to Playford. At 5 m. 6 f. the right turns acute backward toCandguard Fort by a Diretkion PoR, of which hereafter. Patling along down a Hill paft Martleiham Liotl, where the Beacon Lane comes in on the left, the tight leades to Newbourn. At 6 m. is MartlefhamBndge ; keeg the kfc hand way, yafing by Sackford Park leaving ~t and the Hall on the left. At 6 m. 6 f, Beggers Greeu, the left leads to Bealing mag. the left acute forward gocs into Woodbridge by the Alrn~ houGs. At j m. 3 f. enter Woodbridge Street a.t the Cherry Tree Inn. At 7 m. 5 f. is Woodbridge Crown Tavern.

W 00D B R I D G E, a confiderable large Market Town, extending icfelf oq the Road from North to Souch fomethitlg above half a Mile, and near as much from Eait to WeR. It is iituate near I I m. from the Sea on the WeR Gde of the River Debeli, which is Navigable to the Town, where Ships of confiderable burthen come up to the Key to lade and unlade their Goods. It drives a confiderable Maritime Trade, having kveral Veifels imploy'd in the NewcaRle, Holland and London Trades ; there arc one, or more PagageHoys that Weekly fet out for London on T h u d days ; and others return from thence Weekly. T h e Church and Steeple are noble Buildiugs, founded by John Lord Segrave, dedicated to the Blelfrd Virgin Mary. On the South Gde of the Church h o d tho Priory, founded by Sir Hugh Roufe or Rufus, to which one Hanfard was a confiderableBenefa&tor, but of what Order I am not infoi-med. Ic was valued at its Diffolution 50 L 3 S. 5 d. per Ann. Ie is a good old Seat, now the Eitate of Thomas Carthew of Benacre in this Coui~ty, Elq; This Town has formerly traded cot~lderablrfin Sackcloth; and now is impl~y'din refining Salt. It has a tolerable Market weekly on MredneCdays, w hitt~erthe Farmers in the Neighbourhood reiort to it11 their Corn, Cheefe, Butter &c. It' has two Fairs yearly, the one on the 25th day of March, very confiderable for young Cattle, the other on the z ~ f i(lay of September. la the midft of the Market Place is a Handfome Pile of

+.

Bi~ilding

'( 17 Bdilding firving for a Shire-Hall, where the @arter Seg fions are held for that Part of the Coi~tlty, undct which is the Corn-Crofi. T h e Street called the Stone-ftreec is well built and paved; the Thorouhghfare is tolcraly well built, but the Streers aredirty. The Marker Place is 1veII built andindifferently clean; the other Parts of theTown are meanly, built T h e Keys and Wa-rehousesare, very cornmodious. Here is a Grammar-Sehool, an Alms Houfe well endowed, and divers reputable Inns of good Entetetain. meat. H A v I N G given this fhort Accout~tof Woodbridge$ proceed we narv on our Journey towards Yarrnouth from the Crorvn Tavern it1 Woodbridge. A T 3 f. is the end of Woodbridge-itreet. At r m. I f. Melton Goal, the lefi turns acute backward to Grundisbotow. At I m,2 f. Rlelton Village, thesight leads over Wilfordbridge, of which hereafter. At I m. 4 f . the left acute forward goes to Bredfi.eld. A t z m. I f, the right leads to Ufford Church. At z rn. 3 L the right leads to U%brd Church, the left t~ 13redfield. Ac z m. 6 f. is Utford Crown Inn on the right. At z m. 7 f. the right leads to UEord Cliurch, the left to Dallinghoe ; palling along thro' UEord Village up a Hill avoiding the fir11 left hand way leading to Petifiree Church, at 4 m. t. is Jay's Corner, the sight goes to Campfey Abby, the left to Dallinghoe. At 4 m.6f. is W k k h a m Crown Inn; thelefc l a d s roEye, sf whiclg hereafter.

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W I C K H A I ' I . I - ~ ~ A R K E Tfo, called to difiingpifi it from the other two Wickhams in this Coulityl

vlz. Wiclr ham-Brook and Wickham-Skyth , is a Thoroughfare Town, extending itklf on the Rbad about half a Mile. It has been a Market Town, but now not fo. ?he *arter Sefiolls were held here, having had a Shire-Hall for that paryote, and tome now living remember its being removed by the Lord of the Mannor, and a Farm Houfe built therewith at Lethecingham, now called the Old-Hall. 'rhe Cllurch and Spire Steeple are firuae on a Hill ; the top of the Sreeplc (tho' but 23 Yards high) affords the beR Prol'ye~lof lily io the -. C~untry,in a clear l h y thcrc may be &lily

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diii.crned from it Parifi Churches. It T r a d e ; and nrecltly on fome Foot-iteps of a tual G v r t s are held herc. Here are ieveral Ians of good Entertainment. H A v I N 6 given this Account of Wickham, proceed we aow 011our Journeyatowards Yarmouth.

'F a o M, t l x Crown Inn in Wickham; At z 3 E the left turns to Eaficn. At 4 9 f. is Wickham Bridge, a little further a Dladsfmith's Shop, clofe on the lefc, the right leads to Campfey-Afi. At 5 4 f, the left t o P;~*andlii~gham, of which hereafter; herc torn on the right. At I m.isthe 5 Crois-ways, the right to CampG y - A f f ~the , right acute brwad to Aldeburgh (of which hereafter) the left to EBfion, At I m. 5 f. the left acute forward to Glemham mag. At I m. 7 f. aB1acku f n~ith'sShop clofe on the right ; the right goes to Or ford, the left so Framlingham ; pafling from hence over the River Ore at Dymers Brid e, at 3 m. is Glemham pawn Village ; palling from leaving the Park and Mp. North's fine Seat on the right, at m. 5 $ f is the Korth View of the Hall. At 4 m.6 f. Strat-. ford St. Andrew's Church a lirtle on the left, the left to Glemhanl mag. here turn to the right over the Bridge through Farnham Villagc. At j m. I f. the lefc roa.1 forward ; goes to Sweffling; here turn on the rig!^^. At 5 m.4 f. i s Benhall Stockhouie clofi on the I&, the lift acute backwards leads to Sweffling. A t 5 m. 5 f. h e right to Aldeburgb. At G m. the right acute backward to Langham-Bridge, here n ~ r nto the Iett pafi Benhall Dial Pofi on the lefr, and Benhall Green on the right. At 7 m. 5 f. is Saxmundharm, a Blaclchith's Shop clofe on rlie right, thc right Pea& to Aldeburgh, of which hereafter.

knee

3 A X h I U N D H AM, is aThoroughfare Town, ex. rendiilg irfilf on rhc Road fomcthing more tlian j f; B is ~ndiEerenrlybuilt, but dirty, by reafon the Streets are not paved. .Its Church ftands a little EaA of the T w n , atld is 1301very beaarif,~l. kjere is a final$Mas--

k~&

( 19 Ket WeeIrly on Thurfdays, and a Fair Yearly on Mcenfion-Day. Rere is a Seat which is now the hlan&on Houre of Charles Long, Efq. L E A v I N G Saxmundham Rlackfmith's S b p , at 2 f: is the end of the Street; the left turns in at a Gate towards Rendham. At 6 f. is the white Crofi, the right goes to Knodifiatl, the left to Carlron. At r rn 2 f. Krlialc Village, the righr goes to Middletoil ;paCilng from hence leavin the Church a little on the right, at I m. j. f. the eft tunls towards Sibton ; here turu m the right. At 2 m. 6 f Keliale Lodge, the Sear of Capr. Hobart, about 2 f. on the left. At 3 m. 6 f. the left acute forward to Yoxford Church. At ;m. 7 f. is Yoxford BlackimirIi's Shop cloG on the right.

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YOXFORD, is a thoro~ghfireVi!lage, the Road iyin through it from Saxmundham to Halefworrh On tile orth-tide of thir Village is Cocltfield-Hall, pleaGntly iituate i n a Valle by the fide of a 3rook ; lc is now thc Seat of Sir A a r l c s Blois, Bart. Here are ieveral other good Houfis belongiug to private Gentlemen and Tradefmen. Is this Village are two good Inns of Entertainment. a L E A v I N G the Hlacltimith's Shop above-mentioned, avoid going right forward to hliddIeton, bur turning to the left over the Brook, come to a Dil-elkion Poft ; here the Road right .forward goes to Ilunwich, therefore turn on the lefi. At I m. z f, the right to Darlharn. At j m.is Tilorington-Hall, a little on the. e f t ; the lefi here goes to Braifield. Ar 3 m. 7 f. At 4 m. I f, the righr t e left turns to WenhaQon oes to Dunwich, the lefc to Halefi~orth.At 5 m. i E, r e left goes acute backward to Wenh:zfton. A t 5 m, 3 f. is Blithburgh Church clofe on the lefc, At 5 rn. q f. Blithburgh White-Hart Inn.

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B L I T H BURGH, is a Place of great Antiquity of which the Word Burgh, which Ggnifies a walled Town or Cafile, is an Evidence ; but there are other Things that c .gufirm it, vis. T h a t not many Yelrs ago there were T oman Urns dug up here among i5me old u s ; d that is the SaxonTimes it was ofNoce,

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appears by its having the Gaol there f ~ the r Divifion of Recclcs Refides it is hlemorable for being the Burying Place of Anna R i n g of the Eatt Angles, and Firminus his eldefi Son, fl ail1 in a pitched Battle near this Place, by Penda King of Mercia. It was alfb filemot-able for a College of Black Cdnona, called l'rz ~nontlt-atenks, founded by King Heilry I, which that Prince granted as a Cell to the Ca~lonsof St. 0 5 t h in Efl'cx. Richard Beauvais, Bifiop of London, and :!frer him King Richard I, were great Bcnefattors to this Collcgc. It was valued at irs Dilrolutioa at 48 1. 8 s 10d. per Annum ; confiderable remains of this Collcgc now appear a lirtle Xorrh-Eait of the Church. Hlirlibu~g11 Cllurch is juitl y ctteemed a noble old Build ing, and conlideriog irs Bulk, the number of its Glafi Wxndows, and the imall number of the Inllabitants, it i s v.ery conlmendable that it 'is in To good Repair. H' L I T H B u R G II has been an ancient A4arltet 'Town ; for u e find that J o l ~ nde Claverin in the I 7th Year of King John's Reign, obtained that kingas Charter, for a Rlat-kct MTeeltly on Mondays, to be held st this Town (being then his hlanout.) and two FairsYearly, the one on the Annunciation of the Bleifed Virgin Mary, AIarch 2 j, a t ~ dthe other on the Eve and Day of her Nativity, Sept. 9. How long this Market and lafl Fair I ~ a v ebeen diiufed it not known ; the former only is now held in this Town. It is now a mean Village ; yet the Generals 2nd Eccleiiafiical Courts are held here. Here are two Inns of good Ei~tertainment. Thus much for Blithbcrgh. F n o AI the White-Hart Inn lait mentioned, pafing over the River Slich, at 3.f f is Bulchamp, a Hamlet cf Blirhborgh; here the right goes to Wansford, of which Itereafter. At 6 f. the left goes to Halefworth, the right to Southwould, pai5ng by HcahamPark. A: r m. 6 f, is a View of Henhara! Hall, leaving, it ntl the right z Ir. At z m. 5 f. the right leads i o Sonth~vould, the-left ro Halfewortl~. PaOing by Sothcrtcn Crcii-bow, at z rr:. 6 f. crofs the River Urang. A t 2 m. 7 f. the sight leads to Uggefixil frills, leaving a Glacltfmith's Ship ciofi on the lcfi, and a lirtle furtl~ea.a !3rindmil,l on the right. A t 4, m. I $ f: is Bramp-

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ton Church clok on the right. Here the right: for. wardkgoes thro' Weitf~allto Halieworth, of which hereafter. H e r e turn to the right ; at 4 m. 4 $- f. the right lo Stoven. At g rn. I f. tile right acute backward to St oven. At 5 m. q $ f. is Shaddingfield Church, c1oG on rhe right. At 6 m. 3 f. is Shaddingfield Blackfmith's Shop,clofe on the right, and a Stone Dial clofe on the Iefc. At j In. 3 f.ehe white Bench and Mr. Leman's Manfion a little 011the left. A t 7 m. 5 fl WeRon .Church a little o ; the ~ right. T h e right here goes tovrards Henfiead. Leaving WeRon Houre clofe on the left. At S m, 5 f . the left turns acute backward to Halieworth. A t g rn. 4 f. enter Beccles Street. At g m. 6 f,is Beccle s Church.

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BEC CLES, is a large well built Town, fi:uate on the EaR fidc of the River Waveny, which is haviga. ble for Barges from Yarmouth beyond this Tow11 to Bungay. T h e Streets are generally well paved, and kept very clean, T h e Church, and the Zrecpfe which fiands at fome diitance fiqom the South-eait corner of the Chancel, are noble Building!, and are great Ornaments to the Town. The *Ku~nsot Jngate Church appear on the South-eafi Parts of the Tcwn, and was formerly Parochial to the greatefi Part of the Town, but is now in a manner (if no: altogerher) fwallowcd up in the Name o f Beccles. I N this Town is a large Commolx upwards of 1030 Acres incorporated, for the uik and benefit of the Inhabitants, governed by a Portreeve, Twelve an9 Twenty-four, who are his Afiftants. T h e Portreeve is yearly choi'en out of the Twelve. I T has a pfentifu1 Marker weekly on Saturdays, a:~d t h r k Pairs yearly, the firR on Ai'cenfion Day, the iEcond on the 29th Day cf June, and the chrrd on the z IR Day of September T H E Quarter Sefiions of the Peace, are held here for this Part of the County Here is a Grammar and Englifh School well endowed. T w R E E Forelongs trorn Becclcs Church is BeccIes Bridge, where enter Norfolk. At I rn. I f GiIIiagham village, . ..the left forward goes th~-9'Loddol-~.ta, Morw~ch

1

( 22 Norwich ; take the right hand way at I m. 3 f. GilIitlgham Ball clofe on the right. Here the left tUrllS acute backward to Earkam Park. At I m. 5. the left Ieades to Raveningham. At 2 m. 3 f. the right goes ; here turn on the left over a Common. At tho right goes to Whirpcre, the left to Loddon. At 3 m. 7 f. a Pound clofe on the lefi. Pafi along from hence and avoid feveral turnings to the right and left. At 5 m. I f. Hadicoe Church clofe on the lefr. At 5 m. 5 f. enter Hadfcoe Village, the left turns towards Norwich; now pafling over Hadicoe Damm, at 7 m. t $. f. re-entcr Suffolk at St. Olaves (commonly called St.Tooley's) Bridge. A littlk further on tlie left the Rains of St. Olaves offer themCelves to our View. T h i s wasa Religious Houfc of Canons Regular of St.Aufiin, dedicated to the Honour of St. 01ave, founded by Kobert li'itz Osberr, valued ac its DiC iblution at 49 I. I I s, 7 d. per Ar~num, and is now the EiZate of Sir Edmuud Rncon, Bart. P A s s I W G from hence over a Brook, leave the Decoys on the right, at S m. the right goes to Hering. fleet, the lcfi to Belton. At S rn. 2 f. the right forward gaes to Fritton Church, therefore turn on the left it1 at a Gate. At l o rn. the right leads to Loweitoft, the left to Belton. A t 10 m. 4, f'. the left turns to Belton Church, leaving it on the left near 3 f. At I I m. the right turns to Sornerleiton. At I I m. 2 f. Rradwell Writ~dmill,clofe on the left. At I I m. ; f. the right goes irois the Fields into Gorlefion Street. At I 2 rn. 4 9 f. the lefr turns acute backward to Burgh-Caitle, which let us go out of our Way to take a View of,

~mh!~;%

B U R G H - C A S T L E , or Cnobersburge, Iies about thrce Miles \$reit of Gorleiton, and was a Place of conbderable Account in the Time of the Romans, as may he conjeltured by the Roman Coins often found withit1 the Walls. T h e Walls are now itanding on the EnA-North and South Sides. I t was in theForm of a Parallelogram, the length of the Walls on tlie Eafifide is 220 Paces, its breadth 120; the Entrance was on the Eait-tide. It is probable it was never Walled

on the WeR-fide, the River being a fufficicnt Defc nco. The

( 93 ) The Walls are now itandin pretty entire ; a littIc North of the Cafile appear t e Ruins of a MonaRery built by Furfeus a Scotchman in the Time of King Sigebert, about the Year 636; the laid King himfelf for Cometime led a Monafi~clcLife here, till being perfwaded to fhew birnGlf at the Head of his Army, he unwillin 1y comply'd, but Marching to engage, Pcnda the dercian. was cut off. T h e Rrttory Houio now itands where this Monafter was. T Ru s much for Burgh-Cafi e. Return we now to the laA mentioned Tarning PaGng through fon~e Part of Gorlefion Street, at t 3 m. I f. he rigllr turns acute backward through Gorleiton to LoeweAofr, of which anon. Pafling along b the fidc of the River at iqrn. 3 f. come to ~ a r r n o u t iBridge.

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From Ipfwich to Woodbridge m. 5 f. From Woodbridge to Wiekham- Raarltet 4 m. G f. From Wickham tcf Saxmundharn 7 m. ~ f . From Saxmundham to Yoxford 3 m. 7 f. From Yoxforil to Blithburgh 5 m. 4 f . f , From Blithburgh to Bcccles 9 m. Gf. From Beccles to Yarmouth 14 ma From Iyfwich to Irarmouth 53 m. 45 f.

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Y A R M OU 'I'M, is a Towll in Norfolk, built upon a little Tongue or flip of Land between the River and the Sea. The River Yare wafhes the Weft.-tide rhereof, making the bcfi Key in England. It is a vcsy neat well built Town, and well filled with Gentry and other Inhabitants. It drives a confiderable Maritime Trade to divers Parts, It is urual to fee in the Winrer Seafon zoo Sail of Ships unrigged and laid up in .the Kiver, the chief Part of wh~chbelon to the Town. There is in this Town but one l'arik Church, but that a noble StruErure, and is a good Ornament to the Town. It was built by Herbert Bifhop of Norwich. But here is a Cha cl of Eafe to rhc Psrifh Church, a curious Piece o ArchiteAure, lately builr* T h i s Tow11 drives alfo a calliderable Trade in exporting Herrings, Malt k c . It is a Town Corporate . ~ c r n e dby a Mayor, Remrder, and S~eward. 5?gh"i

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Mayor is yearly eleAed our of I S Aldermen, on the the 29th of Auguft, by an Inclueit of rt Perfons, w h o are choren out of 36 Common-Council-.Men, they are fhut up dofe irn a Room without either Meat, Drinlc, Fire or Candle, till there be a hiajority. It enjoysdivers Privilege, fends two Members to Parliament; and was Honoured i n giving the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable WILLIAIPL P AS T O N Earl of Yarnouth, now Extin&. It has a co~lfiderabieMarket weekly on Saturdays, well ferved v i t h all manrlcr of Provifions ; here is but one Fair in the Year, and that . i s held on the Friday afser Good-Friday. THv s much for Yarmouth, P rocced we now in our Return to Melton Village by Way of LoweCtofr, huthwould, Bl2thbur h &c. T x e Koad from +armout11 Bridge, to LoweRofc Queen's Head inn, viz. Retcrning back by the River dide, at I m. 2 .$ f. the righ; turns acute fbrward to Beccles, being the Road laR tteated of; here keep the f i a i t way through Gorlclton-Breet. At . 2 111. the sight turns to Beccles, the left goes to the H a v e ~ ~ s Mouth.

G OR LES TON, is a tolerable well built Village about 4 f, in length., in which is nothing obfervable, but the Ruins of an old Budding, fuppoi'ed by Air. Camden to be the remains of fome Religious Houfe, P A s s I N G along f ~ o mhence about 3 f. beyond Corlefton, we obkrved a Stone Crofi in the Road. The Hoadlnow leads over Commons; pafing through a Hamlet of Hopton called Brothertbn a litt!e beyond this at 4 m. 5 f. is Hopton M'hite Hart Inn. Here the Road right forward goes to Rlutford Bridge, of ehich hereafrer ; therefore turn to the lefr, at 4 m. j Kis Hopton Church cloie on the lefr. At 6 m. 2 f is Corton Churcll dofi on the lefi ; the right goes to kound. At 6 m. 5 f. the left turns backward to Gorlefion by the Shore tide. Paifing from hence leaving Glinton Church about 3 f on the righr, avoiding the right hand Way leadingto Loweftoft Church. At 8 m. 6 f. enter Loweftoft-Areet, and at 8 m. 7 f f. come tos

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Loweflofr Queen's Head inn,

LOWESTOFT

L O W E S T 0 FT,is a confiderable large Towd; #anding Cq near the Sea, that it fierns to hang over it. It is inditfercntly well built, and the Streets well paved. T h e Church which is firuate near a Mile oh the Weit-fide of the Town, is a godd Building ; but for the Eare 'ofits Inhabitants, there is a Cha el in the Town, wherein Divine Service is celebrated. $h'e Clilf on which this Town is h i l t , is the moA EaRern Point i n Great -Britain. Its chkfcfi Trade, is Fiihin for Mackerel, and Herrings in their Seafbds. It as a confiderable Market weekly on Wednef'days; and two Fairs earlyr 'the one m the fir@ Da! of May, and the ot cr on the 29th Day of ptem er . Here arc feveral Inns of good EnterrainddCnt. L I A v I N o the Queen's-Head Inn at L~w~fi*, and palling out at the S o u t h a d of the Towo, bitwee. the Shore and the Lake Locbing, at I m'. 4 f. ch& right acute backward goes to Mdtf~.i-Bridge. At r m. g f. is Kirkely Ghucdh (in Ruins) clot% 011 the right. Pa6 through Pqkfield, a tolerablo large built VllIage, whofe In habirants imploy themrelves in Fi&ing. At 2 m. t f. the r~ ht forward goes to Beccles, Here turn on the left, pa rng over a Common, at q ni ., 4 f. is a HlackCmith's Shop clo& on the left, and a16 KeGi~glandChurch on the f'me hand about 4 f; At 4 m. f: the: righc goes to Beccles. At 5 m 4 f. is Larimer-Bridge. Paffing over the Dam*at 6 m. z f, is Betrncre Walnut-Tree Inn. The right turns to Henffead; therefore take the left. At 6 m. 3 f. thd left forward goes to Renacre Church, theefore turn m the right. At m. is a View of Benacre-Hall, leaving it 011the lefr nedr z f. At 7 m. 5 f. is Wrentham Spread.Eagk Ino, p a l o g through WrenthamStreet, at the entering on the Common, the r i g h turns to Wrentham Church, the Road right forward to Wangford ; here take the Way on t h lefc ~ tde of the Cotnmon. At 8 m. g f. is South Co*& Church clofe on the left ; a ,little furrher the rkht goes to Frokendon. Here turn on thc ldc; at p m. 6 f. is Potters-Bridge. Ar 1 0 rn, 7 S f. the right rurq to Wangford, of which anon. IIrre cum on rhc lafe

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&a6 over Southwould-Bridge, At Swan Inn,

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m.4 f.. ,is South~onld +

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S~UTHW 0WLD,a Town pkafaatly Ctuate nr a ~ i l j ,being almoff furrounded with the Sea and she River RI th, over which it ha& a Bringc for entrance into .t e Town. The Bay, called corruptly Sowl-Bay, is a commodious Place for Anchorage, a& makes the Town much reforted to by Mariners, which adds exceedin ly' to its Trade Bnd Commerct. I t is alio Famous the Rendezvoas of the R o y ~ l Navy, and near it $he E,nglifh and Dutch have dif. pured the Dominim of the Ocean with Powder and Ball, efpecially in .at,memorable Sea-Fight, ~ I - I D Elom. 167a, in w the Englifh reinained Conquerm. II I is a T ~ w nCorporate, governed by two Bailiffs .and other Sub-Oilicers, but fends. no Members to Parliament. It has a tolerable Market. weekly on ThurG days, indifferemly well ferv'd with Provifmns; . and. two Fairs yearly, the one on the Monday after Trinity Sunday, and the other on the FeaPc of St.Bartholomeu~. Et drives a confiderable Trade in Salr and old Beer, having excellenr Spring9 of good Water, drhich may be the greateft Reahn their Beex-is to much efieemed. T H u s much for Southwould. Returning back ever the Bridge, at 4+ f. the right as -aforefaid goes aver Potters Bridge to Loweitoft. At 5 f. the lefi leads over Wolfey-Bridge to Hareikorth. At I m 4 f. the right turns to Froitendon. At I m. 5 f f. is Raydon church clofe on the right. At 2 m z f. f. the right goes to FroAendon. At 3 m. z f. is Wangford Village, where the right turns to Henfiead, of wbicla hereaf~ee Here turn 01.1 the left.

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W A X c'G FO RD, is of Note for a Priory or Cell .of Cluniac Monks, dedicated to the Bl&d Virgin .Mary, founded by one Dodo, or Ado Anfered, the E i n 's Puryeyer, a Frenchman, valued at the Sup.pre l ~ in n the $2 Henry VIIl at 30 1. 9 s, 5 d. Con-

if

fbdcraWe

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dderable remains of it adjoyning to the C b u r d q. pear at this Day. A r 3 m. 4 f. crofs the River Wang ; paG alon r -voiding the firfi turning to the right leading to gerhsll, and leaving Henham Park clofe on the righr, at 5 m. 1 f. the rightleadsto Hdlefworth, the left ovcp Wolfey-Bridge, to Southwodd. At 5 m. 4 &,f.is the Beecles Road through Bulchamp Hamlet. At 6 m. .;f- f. is Blithburgh White-Hart Inn. CQ Y T I N U I N G our Journey from Blithburgk White Hart Inn to Me!ton Village, we yafi nlbng from thence, avoiding the firfi turning to the right leading to Yoxford, and keeping the Road right Lrward. At 2 f. the left leads to WeRwood Lodge. A ' 5 4 f. is a Windmill clofe oh the righr, t h right goes to Wenhafton, the left to Walderfw~ck. At I m, bf. the firfi right hand Road leads to Halefworth, the jecond to Darfham, the left to Walderfwick. At 3 m. 3 f. the right goes to Dariharn. At 3 rn, 6 f. the right leads to WcRletai, the left to Dunwicb, leavi ~ itg on the left about 2 Miles.

Eg.

D U N W I CH, is a very ancient Town, and RQman Coins are often found here, from whepce i t may reaionably be inferred that it was formerly a Roo man Station. I n the R e i ~ nof William the CsnqueL ror, we are told in Doomfday Book,* whac a con&derable Place it was, 6%That in it were I 30 Burgenes, and xooPoor ; and that it @asvalued to tbarICing at 50 1. and 60000 Herrings. I n Kin H ~ n r yI1das Time we are told it was a famous Vil age wA1 itor.. ed with Richcs of all Sorts. It was then fortified w i t h aRamport, on purpofc t o awe rhat Arch-Rebel, R w bert Earl of Leicefier, who infulted and over run all thefe Parts; fome remains of which now appear. I T was made a Bilhop's See, in the Reigp of K inu Sigibert, Anno Dom. 6 3 0 Felix, being ~ofiirure% the firfi %&op ; who governed this See 1 7 Year$. Afcer him Cucceeded Thomas his Dedcoo, w b govern e d here 5 Years. T h e next was Bergllfus +Q grtverned I 7 Years ; aud after him fqcceeded Bifas, whq being Old and Infirm, divided the Bimoprick jot9 E; z aws

e

two Parts, of which one he appointed for the Jurrifdi. Aion of a Bifhop, that fhould have his See at Elm-

ham ; in the other he continued himfelf. There were I o Bifhops of Elmham, and I I (after Bifus) at Dunwich. But by reafon of great Troubles in thoie Times, thefe Sees flood void almofi 100 Years, I n tbe Year 9 5 5 , in the Time of Edwy King of the Eafl Angles, one Athulfus was ordained Bifhop at Canterbury, and had his Palace at Elmham ; and after him r r others had alfo their Refidence at the fame Place, till the T i m e of William the Conqueror, who fubflitutin hi, Chaplain ArfaRus in the Pfnce of the laft of t eie, by his Advice trapflared the See from Elmham to Tbetford. William Herbert fucieeded him in Thetford, having purchaGd it of William Rufus for 1900 1. T o fatisfy for which Simony, Pope Pafchal enjoyned him by \tray of Penance to build certain Churches and Monafierie~at his own Charge, which he did, and amongit them the Cathedral Church at Norwich, laying the firit Stonc ot the Foul~dationwith his own Hands, with this Inkription, HUNCP R I M N M nu J U S T L n z P L I L A P I D E M , DOMINWS HEREBERTUS POSUIT SN N O M J N B P A T R l S B T F I L I I 'ET SPIRITUS S AN CT I, A M E N . He dedicated this Church to the Blefled Trinity. And cranflated the Epiicopal See from Thctford thither. T H E R E were fcveral Religious Houks in Dunwich ; 3 R. T h e Friers Minors, who had a very fail Church, and their poufe, which was encornpafled round with r Wall, was a good Building, as was alfo, 2d. That of the Dominicans or Black Fricrs. T h e former was founded by Richard Fitz-John, the latter by Sir Roer kloliihe. gd. St. James's Hofpital, which had a Erg= Church, and divers Tenements, HouGs and Lands belongin to it, which were appropriated to the Ufe 2nd Su enance of Sick, Poor, and impotent perfons. Maifon Dieu, another Hofpital dedicated to the Holy Trinity, now wholly in Ruin& The Temple of our Lady, was a very old Church, or Religious Houfe: It was a Place of great Kote for Pardons and $~dulgenzes, and had divers finements, Houiis'and

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Lands

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( 29 Lands not only in Dunwich; but alfo in Mngle, Web. leton, &c. and there was a Court commonly kept ip it, called Dunwich Temple Court, b~ November 2. ' W E have a certain account of 6 Parifh Churches and three Chapels m this Town, beiides the Religiou,s Houfes before mentioned ; St. John's, Sr. Leonard's, St. Martin's, and St. Nicllolas's, tl~efe four Churches, and St. Anthony's, st. Francis's and St, Catharitx's Chapels have been long devoured by the rnercilei's Ocean. There were two Parifh Churches Randing in this Age ; but one of them alfo is now fwallowed up by the Ocean,' there being now only one Churel~ Randing. A N D now this once beautiful and flouriiing City is reduced to a fmall Village, made up of mean Cottages; yet it retains its Privileges of a Corporation, bang governed by two Bailiffs and other Sub-Officers; and fends two Members to Parliament. It has a very mean Market weekly on Saturdays, if yet it be worthy the Name of a Market, and a Fair yearly on July the 25th. T H u s much for Dunwich. Return we now to the Road leading from Blithburgh to Melton. A r 4 m, I f. the right goes to Weitleton, the left to Dunwich; pafling along and Ieaving a Win& . mill a little on the right, at g m, 4 4 f. is EafcBridge. Pafing along from hence pait the Inn, a t 6 m. 7 6 the ri ht turns backward to Yoxford; berg leaving the Ab y a little on the right, at S in! i s Leifioli Whire-Horfe Inn.

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LE I S T ON, is remarkabIe for a Prior of Black Monks, called Premonfiratenics, which was rfi founded by Kanulph dc Glanvil, in the T i m e of King Henry 11, about the Year of our Lord 1 1 8 , who endowed it with a Manour and with cerrain ~ t u r c h e s which he had before given to. the Priory of Butley, who refigned them to the Canons of this Place. T x I s Priory being much decay'd, was repaired, and alrnoit hew huilt, by Robert de Ufford Earl of Suffolk in the Year I 363, and was by h i m dedicafed to the Bleffed Virgin Mary the Mother- of Jefus. There

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There are confiderable remains of it now tanding ; i t was valued at its Diifolution at 18 I 1. I ; s. I $ d. er Ann. and is now in the Hands sf two PerCons: . $hat now called the Abby, and the Manour of this Town, is now the Eitate of the Lady Anne Harvey. T h e other Part called Lady's old Abby, was the Eftate of Edward Spencer, Efq; and now remains to his Family. There remain the Ruins of a Chapel on the South of Mifmer-Haveni which doubtlefi was part of this Priory. T H d s much for Leifton Priory, Return we now t o LeiRon White-Horfe Inn, to purfie our Journey t o hlelton, G o I N G from the White-Nore Inn aforefaid avoid the left hand Way, which goes to Aldeburgh, and the right that leads to Saxmondham, and take the Way n g h t forward. At I w. I f . is ColdfkirGreen, where there is a Fair kepr yearly on thc FeaR of St. Andrew and the Day following. . At I m, 4 f f. tbe right goes to Knodifhall, the kft to Aldeburgh, leaving a Windmill a little on tlle righr. A t z m. 3 f. the right goes to Saxmundham, tile left to Aldeburgh. At 2 rnt 5 f. is Polsborough; Gate ; the left goes to Aldeburgh, the right to Benu hall ; leaving Friffon Decoy a little on the left, at g rn. 3 $ f. a View tr, FriRon-Hall. At 4 m, the left acute backward, over Snape Rate-Ground, g o a to Aldeburgh. At 4 m. 3 f. is Stupe Gown Inn.

+

S N A P E, was formerly of remark for a Monaffeqr of Black Monks fourrded in the Year I 099 by William Rtartell and Albreda h i s Wife, and Jeffrey Mar-, tell t h d r .Son and Heir, ar,d by them dedicatid to the Bkffed Virgin Mary. T h e Original Deed of the Foundation of this MonaRery (faith my Author) is !n'the Tally-Court of the Exchequer. It is faid, all Wreck of the Sea, from Thorp (or near that Place) to Qrford-Nefi, belonged to rhis Monaltery. And goobtlefs the Manours of Aldeburgh, Snape, Haflewood, and Beding belonged alfo to the Monks of this Houk. Antio I 1 5 5 this was granted as a Cell to the Abby at' Colcheiter, but was no further iu SubjeAiou thereto,

(31)

thereto, than the Payment of half a Mark as a Penfion of Acknowled ement; and that the Abbot of ColcheRer might 8 f i t them twice a Year, and abide there with t z Horfes foulr Days. I t was valued a t its Diff01utio.n at 99 1. I s. I I 2 d. per Ann. It is now the Efiate of the Right Hon. the Earl of Strafford ; very little now remains of this MonaRery. I n rhb Parifh is a very confiderable Fair iearly for HorCs, now called Dunnifer-Fair, beginning the I I th of AuguA, and lafling 4 Days ; to which the London Jockeys relort. T nu. s much for Snape MouaRerp &c. PaIiing froin the Crown Inn aforefaid over Snap-Bridge, leaving the Abby a little on the right, avoid the.fir8 left hand Way leading to Orford, raking the right hand K d d . At 5 m. I f. is Dunniogworth Hall clofc on the right ; aveid the right hand Way that leads to Wickham-Market, (of which anon) and $.leaving the Ruins of Dunningworth.Clirpel a little oh the right. go ffrait forward for TtinRall Church, avoiding divers turnings ta tk right and left. At m. z f. is TunRall Village, the left turns to Orford. Here turn an the ri ht, a t 7 m. 3 f. is Tunfiall Inn ; the right turns to Iaxhall, the Road right forward goes in a t a Gate to Csmpfey-Ah, therefore curn to the lefr. A t 8 m. 2 f, the r ~ g h tgbes to CarnpCky-Ah, the left to Butley. At 8 m. 6 f. is a View of RendlekamHoufe.

5

R E N DLE S H A M,or as Eede talls it, RBNDLi. C. as he Interprets it, the Houie or Manlion oc Rendilus. Here it was that RMwald King of the Eafi-Angles kept his Court. He was the fir& ZISHAU,.

sf that People that was Baptized and became a Cl~riftian, but dtuwards being reduced by his Wife, he ha6 (as Bedc express it) m the CIf fame Church, one Altar for the Chriitian Religion, aed a lirtle one for Sacri.fices to Devils. The Palace where hc thea kept his Court, h o d in the fame Place, where Rendkfhm-Houie now itands, which was the Seat of Edward Spencer, Efq; and now remains to Madam Anae Spencer hie Daughter, Here it was ghar Suid-

helms

t

32 ) helmus King of the EaR-Angler war Baptized by Bifhop Cedda, 'I HV ' s much for Rendlefham. Pudiuing our Journey, at 9 m. 4 9 f, the right goes to Wickham-Market, the left to Hollefly ; a little further the right goes to Rendleaam-Green ; paf?ing by RendleihamChurch on the right, at 10 m. I f. the right turns backward to CampGy-Afh, avoiding divers thrnings .to the right and left, at 10 m. 5 f. is Eyke-CaRle Inn. PaCs by the Church on the lefr, where the right leads to Ufford, the left to Orford. At I I m. I f. are two Gates, the ri hr goes to UAFord, the left to Suttoh, leaving Brome well Church about 2 f. oh the right, at 1 1 m. f. come to a Sand-Pit on the right ; here the Road turns backward from Woodbridge to Orford, of which hereafter ; pafling over a Brook, at 12 rn, 5 3 f. the Road turns backward to Baudfey ; of which anon. At 12 m. 6 f. is WilfordBridge. br ~3 m. e $ f. b Melton Village.

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F R o a Blithburgh White-Hart Inn to Melton Village by Way of Snape is From. Blithburgh White-Hart Inn, to Melton Village, by Way of Saxmundham is So that it is the nearefl Way by Saxmundham, by the Difidnce of- -

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zo m. 4 f.

T H u s having finifhed the Road from Ipfwich to Yarmouth, and its r'etnrn td Mehon Villa e, come we now to t r a t of three other Branches i uiu oat of the Yarrnouth Road at Mclton Village, to baudfey, Orford, and Aldeburgh.

8

A N D firR of the Road

to. Baud& -Ferry. back in the la& det!cribed Road over Wilford-Brid e, at 5 f. take the right hand Way up Wilford kills ; at r m. 3 f. leave the right which goes to Sutton Church, paifing over Heathy Land, leaving the one Bough Oak about half a Mile on the left, and Sutton Holly Bufh a little on the righs. At z m. 4 f. the right goes to Swon Cburch

ka r v R N I N G

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(it being on the right 4 f ) the left goes to Eykc ; pow avdiding divers turnings to the right arid left, leave Shottijhatn CliurcIi n 1it:le o:i the right. At 4 rn. 6 f. is ~hottifiam C'rofi, the right goes ro Shottilham, t h e lefi to Hollrfly. A t I m. 6 f. the rigllt turns to Ramfholt, here tgm on the lek, leaving Alderton Church a little on the righc. At 6 rn. 6*:t. is Aldrrton Village ; liere turn on the rigbr, leavlug the lefi lrnnd Way leading to ~ o l l e f i ~At . m. 7 f . i s Baudf2y Church clofe on the right ; at 9 m. 6 f. is Baudl'ey -Ferry, thr Fzrry-Houfc on the Collies fidd of the Water.

:

From Woodbridge to hielton Village is I m. a f f. From blelton Village to B~udfey-Ferryis 9 m.6 $ f. 7 -

From Woodbridge t o Baudfiy-Ferry is

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B A U D S E Y, Written i n ancient Records BAU-

was aidently a Marlcdt Town (but i$ no& at prefent fo) for we find that Robert de Urford, after he had been twice ~ u k i c eof Ireland. obtained a ~ i c e o c of e King Edward I, in the I ~ t Year h OF liis Reign, to hold a Market weekly on Fridays, and a Fair yearly upon the Eve Day and Morrow of the Nativity of our BleK:d Virgin, September 8, at hia Manolir of BawdreTcy. How long this hlar'ket and Fair has bcen difufid we know not. R 6 T u R N we now to Meltoil Villagr", and from thence to Orford. R I. r u R N I N G from I d e l t ~ i Village l in the Blit!~burgh Road, at 5 m. 3 8 f. corning ar th:: SaldPit before mentioned, avoid the lett fbrward lesding to Eyke, and rhe right leading to Suttdn, take the middle Way, avoidi~gdivers turnings to the rig& and lefc. At 3 m. the right !:ads to Hollefly, the left to Eyke, eater in at a Gatc, p a a a g tljrougl~ Spratsl$trcet. A t 4 m. 3 f. Stavender-Pdrk on tile left. At 5 m, 2 f. leave it. At' 5 m, 5 F. is ButleyOyffer on the rig!lt,the right dn this fine the Oyfflr goes id Capell, ti,\: right oil the orlrer fide to BuJcyDREseY,

Abbp.

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B U T LEY, was of Nore for a Priory of Canoris Regular there founded by Ranulph de Glanvill, and dedicated to the Bleired Virgin Mary, about the Year of our Lord I I ;I , (after he had founded his Priory at LeiRon.) T h e Revenues and Podenlons of this Riory were very large, for bddes the Endowments of its Founder and other BenefaEtors, we find King Henry VII, in the aqth of his Reign, granted to Robert Brornmer, Prior of this Monaitery ofBut4 ley, and the Convent of the Came, the Priory of the Virgin Mary at Snape, in this C d n t y , with all the Rents &c. to. be annexed to the faid Priory at But& ley. I n was valued at its Diffoiution at 3 I 8 1. 2 7 s. z 5 d. per Ann. It is now the Eitate of Wright, Sfq4 In the Church of this Priory was ititerred the Body of Michael de la Pole, the 3d Lord Wingfield and Bar1 of Suffolk, who was Slain at the Battle of Agincourt in France, with Edward Plant agenet Duke of York. T H v s much for Butley-Abby. Purfue we now Qur Journey to Orford. Turnicg on the left atButley-Uyfier, pafs over the River ; at 5 m. j f the left goes to Wantifdeo, therefore turn on the right, pafs~n g over Pud dle-Water. At ;m. is Cilillesford Church a little on the left. At j m. 2 f. the right turns acute backward to Chillesford Mill, the left goes to Tunfiall. At 7 m. 3 E is Chiiksford Froize Itin, -pa&i12g from thence by the fide of Sudbourn Park, at 9 m. $ f. the left goes to Saxmundham ; here turn on the ri ght. At xo m. 2 f. is Orford Blatket Crofi. From Mrmdbridgc to Orford is

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m. 4 $ E

.' 0R E PO R D, now commonly called ORFORD, is fituate on the &orth-Weit Side of the River Ore, and fo took its Name of Orcford. llfloft ofour Hiftorians Cay it is fituate on the River Ore, where it empties it felf into the River Ald, which is notoriorifl P alfc; for the Conju~~Aion of thofe Rivers are about s Mile South-Eafl ot Glemham Parva Cliurch, and rhercfore eould never be where: Orford now is. Xt w a s ansientlf

ciently a Town of gooh Account, havin file for its Defence, which formerly be onged a ltrongtothe Valoinies, afterwards to the de Ufbrds, and now to the Hon. Pryce D'Evereux, Efq; Son and Heir Apparent to the Right Hon. the Lord Vifcoutit Hereford. Other Towns on this Coafi complain of tlx l[ncurf~ons of the Sea upon them; but this Town has more reaton to complain of the Seas unkindneii, which with drawing, ir felf feems to envy it the advantage of an Harbour. At prefent it is but a mean Town, yet .it is a T o w n Cor .orate, governed by a Mayor, 8 Portmen, and rz d i e f Bur eGs, and fends t w o Members to Parliameqr. It as a mean Marlret on hlondays, and a Fair yearly on Midfummer-Day. 7'H E R E appears in his Town, towards the Keg, the Ruins of a BenediEtine Nunnery founded by Ralph de Albineio ; but the Time of its Ebulldation, or its Revenues doe not appear. There a?e confiderable remaitis now ftanding of the Caitle and Nunnery. R E T u R N we now once more to Melton Village, to take a Survey of the Road leading- from thence to Aldeburgh. P A s s I N G alon from Melton Village over Wilford-Bridge, t h r o u a Eyke, TunRall and Snapc, m Polsborough-Gate ; it being thither, (as is mentioned in the Road from Blithburgh to Melton) so m. ); f. here take the right hand'way, leading through a Lane called Rnihmer-Street, over Haflewood Common, at j m. I f. from the fiid Gats, is Aldeburgh Marker Crofi.

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From Woodbridge to Aldeburgh is

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A LDEBURGH, is a Town plealantly fituate in the Valley of Slaughden, extending it ielt near a M-ile from North to South ; but is not very broad, from

Eaft to Weft. Its breadth has formerly been more than it is now, the unkind Ocean has in this Agc fwallowed up one whole Street. 4t prelent there qrq two Streets very near a Mile in len h. The Town is meanly built, but very clean. T e Ocean. wdhes, the Eait fide of the Town, and the River Ald run?

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not f ~ corn r the South end thereof, affording a gbod Key at Slaughden. T h e c l ~ c fTrade of this T o u n is

Filhitlg for Herrings in the adjacent Seas, in their Seaions; yet it trades for Coals to N'ewcaitle, and Con1 is lranf~ortedfrom hence to other Parts. I t is tolerably firuare for Strength, and has feveral Pieces of Canncn fkr its Defence. T h e c h u r c h ftands on a Hill a little mreO of the Town, and is a very good StruBure. It is a T o r n Corporate, governed by two RailiEs, ten capital Burgeffcs, and z+ ~nfcriourOfficers. Jt e ~ ~ j o ydivers s Privileges, fending two Memhers to Parliainent &c. Here is a fmall Market ueekly on Saturdays ; afid t n o Fairs yearlv, the cne on the 3d of Scptcrnber, and the other &I the firit Tuefday in

Lent.

'I' H v s mucll for' Aldebcrgh. W e will next take a Survcy of the Road from Aldebul-gh to Saxmundham. 1, K E r v R N I N G back firm Aldeburgh Market Croi's, ia the laft mentioned Road, thlough Kufimer Street, svdd the left hand Way at the entrance of the Wallts Iesdii:g to Polesbaro~lghGate. At 3 rn. I f. crofs the H oad leading from Blithburgh to Melton, leaving Polc?bciougl~Gate 011 the Ieft near a Furlong, paGng ;\cfer Friiton JlralI<s, a; 4 m. is a Pouild on the right ; rhe rigfit goes to Kncdifhall ; here turn on the lefi, snd avcidirg:he left hand MTayleading to Snape Church, I agnin C;I the right tlircugh Fr~ilonVillage, leavi:g tlie Church a little on the ri.ght. At 4-m. j f. tale right goes in 3: s G a t e to Friitcn hlocr ; therct : % tt?m on the left di,d paii by Friiton Hall, (leaving 1t z f, c n the left,) 3r1d over the lower end of Friiton 3foor. A t 5 1 ~ 6. f. the left goes to Snape; here turn k m the righr. At 6 m. is Sterrlfield Church clofe on she Icft ; the Road right forwsrd goes to Ecnhall, rhercefore turr! on the right. At 6 rn. 4 f. is Mr. Lotlg's I?oui?, a iirrle on thc rifir. Ar 6 rn. 6 f f, is Sax:;liinC!:zm Church-clci'e cn the right ; the right turns r.o Leilton, w h erefore tuin o t ~the )eft over the H I ook. "%t 6 m. j f f. is the Yarnlcuth Road at Saxrnundham f3lackfinirh's Shop. R B T v R N we povr to Mrickham-Market, in order to rake a Survey, of t b ~ e eIicads i h i n g out of the Yarwoutb

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3

Yarrnouth Road,leading from thence to Eye, to Ncedham, and to Harlelton. A N D firit of the Road from wickham-Market to Eye. Pa(Tiog along from the Crown Inn in W i c k h a p Market, avo~dthe riglit fol-ward being the Sarmundham Koad, a ~ l d rhe left which goes to Dallingho; here crofi the Hill. At 3 $ f. the lefi goes over Potford Qreen, toward Meedham, of which anon. A t 5 $ f, crofi the River Debea at Glevering-Bridge. Pafling aIon , lraviilg Gleverin - Hall a little on the right, an8 the liJl a little on t c left, at I m. 2 f. the ri h t turns backward to Campfey-Ak. At I m. 3 f is af i o i ~ Brick-Kiln clofe on the right. At 2 m. 3 $ E is Eafion Church cJofe on the right, and the R7biteHoufe (the Earl of Rochford'sSeat) cloG on the left; here the right goes to Parham, the left to Letheringham. At z m. 5 f. is a Pound 011 the right, werc the' right goes to Framlingham. At 3 m. 2 E Letheringham-Abby is in View.

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L E T H E R I N G H A M , is of remark for a littIe Priory there founded by Sir John Boy net, but of what Order the Monks of it werc, and to whom it was dedicated does not appear. hlr. Wiiiis call9 this Priory L E F R I N G Hand A ~ .fays that William Clopton was Prior Anno r 5 13 Sir Anthony Wingfield &tained this Priory a t theDiffolution of it, and Srr Henry Spelman tells us, that hc left no Iffue hfale, which he accounts a Judgment updn him, for poKefing himfelf of Lands dedicated ro God's Service. This Priory was converted into a good ManCon, having been for hme Ages, and now 15, the Seat of the antient Family of the Nauntons, a Family as ancient as the Conqueft, who formerly had their Seat at Alderton, in the Hundred of Wilford in this County. They have been Geiltlenlen greatly efleemed formerly, Sir Robert Naur~totl was ' ill rhe lieign of Ki'ng James the lit Secretary of State, OLE of the Privy Council, and Mailer of thc Court of Wards and L~veries. He died Anno 1630. T H v s hwch for Letilcringham &c. At 3 m. 5 f f: the I d t goes to Boo, the 1.i ht is a Spurway to E'ramlingham. At j rn. 7 f f. is kittleburgh Village, where .r thc

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the right oes to Framlingham. At 4 m. 5 f, is Mr. Sparrow's hanfion, clofe on the right; a little further the left right forward goes to Debenham, therefore turn on the right. At 4 m. 7 $ f. the left goes to Debenham, the right to Framlit~gham, and leave Brandcflotl-Hall about I f. on the left, of which more the Way right forward in another Place. Keepin? pa s by a Maofion now called over BrandeRon-Green, the Firtree, formerly the Seat of the worthy Family of the Stcbbii~gs. At 7 m. arrive at Earl-Soham Village, leaving the Church about 3 f. on the right.

E A R L - S 0H A M, probably the Place where Feliu the firR Bifhop of Dunwich i'ometime rcfided. For my Author fays, that Felix having governed in the See of Duilwich I 7 Years, died Anno 647, and was burped in his Church there. His Body was afterward removed to Soham, where he had his Seat fometime, and was bury'd in the MonaRery there, which was not long after demolifhed by the Danes. Capgravc tells us, That fome Ages after, Abbot Ethelflan having with great Pains and Charge found out bis Bones, removed them to his Abby of Ramfey in the-Rei n of King Canute. From all which 'tis probable 'cwas t ]is Soham, or the other adjoynit~gcalled Monks-Soham, it could not be the Soham near Ety ; that being in Camhridgefhire, and therefore not in the Diocdi of Dunwich. The Lodge at Soham is a good old Building, but whether it was raiied out of t h e Ruins of that Monaftery is uncertain, however the Lord Vifcounts Hereford had their Seat there before they removed to ChriR Church in Ipfwich, and it now remains to that Family. In this Par-iih is a new Fair for Lambs on the I 2th Day of July yearly. Thus much for Soham. P A s s I N G over a Brook: avoid the left turning to dfhfield At 8 m I f. i s Clough s-Corner, where the left goes to Ipfwich. At I o rn. I f. is a Direttion Pd, the kit gocs to Debenham. At 10m. g f. is Kent011 Chtlrctl a little on the left ; the left goes to Debenham. At I I m. I f. the right leads to Worlingworth, At I I m, 2 $ f. the left forward to De benhav, here turn on the right1 At I I m 7 $ f. tbe

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right goes to Worlingworth-Green. At

12 m: I fi the left forward goes to Kifianfiles, therefore turn on the right, and avoid divers turning to the riglit and left. A t I 3 m. 3 f. is Occold Churcl~clofe on the right. At r 4 m. 5 f. the left acute backward goes to Thorndon. At I 5 m. the left oes to Thorndotl, At I 5 rn. i 3-4 f. is a DireBion #of+, where the right .goes to Framlingham, therefore turn on the left pqfiing over rlx Brid e. At the entring into Eyestreet, the right ocs yak Eye Church t o Hoxne. At tBm. q j f. is $e Marker-Crofi

.

EYE, a Town ttuate in a Bottom between two Rivers, is a Town Corporate governed by two Bailiffs, 10 Principal i3urgdki, and 24 Common-Councilmen, Enjoys divers Privileges now, but they were hore extenfive formerly, reaching even to rhe Gates of York. It fend two Members to Parliament. The Town ir meanly .built, and the Streets dirty. Here is a mean* Market weekly on Saturdays, .and one Fair yearly on Whitfon -Monday. A s to the Antiquities of this Town ; we find that Robert Mallet, a Norman Baron (whofe Father came in with the Conquerar) havin fignallized hirnfelf in keeping King William on the hrone, has his Father had in fittling him on it, obtained d that King the Lordlhip of Eye, *it11 all the Appendages ot it, being zzr Manours, or the great& Part of them. He being thus yoffeffed of this Lordihip, built the CaRle here, upon a Hill near the WeR end of the Church ; fome of the ruinous Walls are Rill to be feen. This Robert was difherited of this Lordihip of Eye 'by King Henry I, and it was by him given to Stephen Earl of Bologne who afierwards became Kink of England. He lcfr i i to his Natural Son Willlam, who Riled himfeff Earl of Bologne &c. but he dying without %rs, Anno I 160, ~r reverted to the Crown. Afterwards Richard I, ave it to Henry V. Earl of Brabant and Loraine. bow Long it was in that Family we find not, bur it appears that it was in t5e Kings Hattds 9th of Edward XI, and fo continued, till Edward 111. Reg. 4. granted it to John of Eltham Earl of Corn-

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wall ; but he alfo dyin wirhour Iffue, the Came King granted ttiis Tawn, Ca le and Manour of Eye to Robert de Ufford whom he had lately made Earl of Sutfolk. He left it to his Son Wi'lliam, but he dying mitl~outIffue it returned again to the Crown, and was given to the De la Pools Earls of Suffolk. It 1 1 . 0 ~re* maim (tho* not in the vaff extent it was in Mallets

9

Time) to the Lord Cornwallis, who is fiilled Baton

of Eyt. This Town was a Borough before theReign of King John, and is called in Writing the Town and Boi-ough of Aye.

H E R E appears oe the Eait Side of the Town, the Ruins of a MonaAery of Henedittine, or Rlaclc Monks, founded by the aforeraid Robert. Mallet+ w h o gave tcr i t the Church of St. Peter in-?Eye, with divers other Churches, Lands &c. T h e Foundation of this Houfe was no fooner laid, than it found confiderable Benefaeors ; for Ranulph de Glanvil one of the Barons or Gentlemen of Eitates were then called) of Robert hlaliet the cbief Lord of the Hox~ourof Eye, gave thci'e a Houfe in Jakefl bert de Monchenfy gave them alfo about tl e fame time his own Houfe in the fame Place ; William Earl8 of Bolein confirmed to there hionks the Lordihip of Acol (I fuppore Occold) and Stoke. f n the Reign of King +Stephen all tbefe Benefd&ions were confirmed to this HouCe, with a grievous Curfe ro the Violaters of them. This MonaRery was a Cell to the Abby of Bernay in Normandy, whoie Abbots were the Patrons of this at Eye, and in Talcen of their Domi. nion, during the Vacancy of a Prior, ufid to Place a Porter at the Gate, to be maintained out of the kouG, who at the Initallment of the next Prior, was to receive 5 s to buy him an Ox. It was valued at its DiC. fdution at 1 6 1.~ 2 s. 3 S d per Ann,Cays Dugdale, and at 184 1, 9 s. 5 d. Speed, Weaver.. This alfo is now the Eftate of the Right Hon, rhe Lord CornwaIlls. T Hv s much for Eye. R e t u r w e now to wickham-Market, and the b a d leading from thence, to Needham by Way of Coddenham. Pafling from thc Crown Inn in Wickham in the Rosad iaR treated of, a5 3 4 f. leaving the right going towdrds Eye, keeping the

I'

(-41 the righf forward Way over Potfurd-G,reen, a t

I p..; !f is Lerheringham-Park, the right goes to Letherlng..

ham Street, pafling by the Parkon rKe rigIit. At 2 m, f. leave the Parlr, where the right 6 e s to Lether9 ~ngham. At 2 rn. 6 f. thc right fbrwai.agoes toChars. field Church ; therefore turn on the lefr over a Erook. At 3 m. 3 f. t b e right goes to Charsfield-Church; At 4 m. 4 f, is a Diredion P o t , the left goes to Wood-. bridge. At 5 m. 3 f. a Blackfmith's Shap clofe on the right, where the right'gocs to Hod, the left to Clopton. At 6 m'. is Catts-H111, waqrc the rigtit turns backward to Moneden. At 6 rn. z f. the left goes forward to Woodbridge, wherefore' turn on the riglit. At 6 m. 7 f. the ri ht forward goes to Otley Church, therefbre turn on t e left. At j m, j f: is a Dire&ion Poff, the right gbes to Helmingham, the left to Ipcwich. A t 8 m. 3 f. the right goes to M b a c k iog, the lefr to Iplw'ich. At 8 m. j f. 'is Hemingikon Hare and Hounds Inn ; the Road right forward goes to Henley : here. turn on the right. At 10m. 4 f. is Stonewall, a Blacl~hirh's Shop clofe on the left, where the right goes to Helmingham, the lefr to Ipiwich. At om. 7 t. the left goes to Hemingiton. At I r m. 3 f. the right goes to Gosbeck, therefore tpfe the left At I r m 5 f f. . is Coddt1d8fnL C r o m , the right goes to Debenham, and a little fur ther the left goes to lpfwich. At I m. I f f. we ~,rois: the Pye Road, of wh'lch here; i?ter. Palfing along through the Fields at 14m. 2 f , is Eofmere Rlill. Al 14 m, ;6, is Needliam Chapsl. 3

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R s T U R N we now to ~ i c k l i a m ' - d a t k e t in , or. der to tate a Survey of the Road leading from thence to Hzrleflon. P A S s I N G from Wickham'-Crown Inn in tlie Yar. mouth Road before difcrxbed, over Wickham-Brid~e, pafi the Blaclrfn~irh~s Shop, at 5 h f. leave tbk Y ar-mouth Roa& which is on the right, and take rhe leFc hqnd W a y . At I m. f, are the four Crofi-ways, the right leads tb Aldebmgh, thr l$!ft to Eatfon. Pit I rn: f. . is HicheiP'ott Churccii clof6 On the tight, the $ads tl~rouphthe Fdir Field m-EaRon: 4 3 HA~HEST~~N

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'HACHES T'O N. Here is a confiderable Fair held yearly or) the zd and 3d Days of November., A T 2 m I f. the right goes backward being the Road from Framlingham ro Orford. At z m. ;f. is HackeRon Village, where the righr leads to ParhamHall, the left to EaRon.

PA R H A M, wzs the Lordhip and, Demcfi~of go.bert de Ufford Earl of SuffoUc, 9 Edward 11. He died polie&d of it 43 Ed ward 111. and left ir to h i s Son William, who bull& the Church here, but dying fuddenly in the P;1-%iment Houfc, it defcended to his cldcft Siitcr Cir-,iy, who married Sir Robert WilfoughbyKnt. ~ n carried d it into that Family. Their 1'0.. fieriry afcerwards became Lords Willoughby of Eresby, and for ibmetimc were in PoffeGen of this hlanour, rill Chriffopher Lord Willoughby of Eresby gave i r to his poungefl Son Chriito her, who took up his Kefidenee here, and for Difiin A5 OIL was called Willoughby of Parham. This ChriGoyher Lord Willoughb avc in his lslt Will, dated hlay 8, 1 8 Henry ~ 1 1 i ko'bur Pounds a Year to the Church of Parhrm in Satisti&ion of all T .tkes and OiFerings by him negligently forgotten. Wiiliam Willoughby Lis Sou and Heir, was in the 1 E d ~ a r dVI created Lor&Qrilloughby of Parham, 20th of February in that Year, he died r 6 Elizabeth, i 5 ;4. whore Succefli~rsnow enjo that Honour. Parham-Hall and hlanour, fince the d;illoughby*s, has been in Ceveral Families, and is now the EAat e of John Corrance, Ei;!; T H a R E is a remarkable P ~ c cof Curiotity in Pa1:barn Park, viz, a Thorn that every Year on the Ere behre thc Nativity of our Rlefled Saviour, Blii:' foms, and very h e r ] blows out, befides its blowing a t the ulual-Time, which ir always does very early. 1 N this Parifh in the A ~ r u m n ~ a r t e r 734, , out of a Gravel Fir, in a Field called b the Nsme of FrycrrClc6, was takcn the Bones o a Man, an Urn and the Head of a Spcar, fuppofed to be the lome Danifh commander. Thus much tor h r l s r n . l'ucfuiog our Journey to Pramliogham,, &a.

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A T 3 m. I f. we conle to Parhnm-Bridge, the right goes to Cransford, the left to Ealton. At 4 m. 5 E the Ieft goes i n ar a Gate to Eaffon ; therefme turn on the right over '.the River Ore at the broad Wav ter At g m. ;{.f. leave the left going through Framgingham to Dennington. At 5 q. 7 2 f. is Framlingham Broad Gatcs Inn.

F R A I I L I N G H A M , is a Town d a large extent, and in the midfl of it is the Borough ; it is plqaf ~ ~ l t lirated, y and well built, upon a Clay Hill near the Head of the River Ore, which rifing in the Hills 01.1 the North of the Borough, pa&th throu h the Town, and falletb into the Sea at Hollefley eyond. Orford. T h e Marker is' weekly on Saturdays, and a Fair on hlonday and Tuefday it1 M'hitfin-Week (procured by Thomas de Brotherren, Earl of Norfolk) and another .on the FeaA of St. Michael, Sept. 29. T h e Market Place is a very fpacious, being almofl an eauilateral Triangle. Between the Market Place and the Church, Rood the Hall of the Guild, or Faternity called the Guild of the 33leged Virgin in Framlingham. T H E Church and Cafile arc ear Ornaments of this Town. The L31urch is indee a Rarely Boilding, built (as is fuppofed) b fome of the Mowbreys, Earls of Norfolk,as appears y their Arms at the bottom, and, on the middle of the Steeple, but bein not comleated, was fit~ifhedb King Edward V . it1 the Piles lies bJrySdfevera of the Earls and Dukes of Norfolk. T H E R B are two Alms-HouTes, worth our remark in this T o w n ; the one ereCted by the Will, and at the Charge of Sir Robert Hitcham, for 1 2 of the poorefl and molt decrepit PerCws' in Fiqmlingham, and for their hlaintenance they are allowed z 9. ~ e r Week each, and 40 s. a Year for their Gown and Firing; they arc obliged, to attend the Prayers of the Church daily, at Eighr of the Clock in the Morning, and Four in the Afterl~oon; which if they ntgle@ to do, -their weekly Allowance &all be abated, except they can plead iuch Excok ns mall be allowed by the Mini> G 2 at$

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cr of the Toan, and cerrain otllers mentioned I t ) the h i l l ; and that Prayers be read confimtly, he fittled $or Eacrupon the Reader or Curate 20 1. a Year, and 5 I. a Yea 'upon the Clerlc or Sexton X j-~E ot er Alms-yon*, waS built by the T r u i t e ~ s of Tho. ~ i l i s who , had been a Wheelwright, but in the fate Times of difbrder t'um'd Texher, or Holde7forth among the Anabaptifts a t Saxted near t h i Town, ~ i n which Perfwafion he died Anpo I i o i , or there abouts. A .little after his @iqh his Truaees built this Alms-Houfe, for ej@t Poor Perions. His Servant Francis Mayhew, (if I *miflake nor) was a t the Charge of bqilding twp of rhek Apartments. Thefe pool- arc allowed Half-a-Cro n a WeeIc each, and yegrly an 'outward Garment, and ;o s. each for Firing. This they are to enjoy during Life, unlefi they are rurned out by the TruAecs for any Mifdemeanor. S I R Robert Hitcham by his Miill ordered a' Free Scllool to 'be founded w in t h i s T o ~ n ,with a Salary of 40 1. a Year to tl?e Msger, to Teach 40 of the poor? krt Children ef &is Town, to Read, Write, aad CaR Acconlpts, and wl~cnthey are perfeein tbc#, to give each r o 1. to bind them A rentices. A E to tbq nngiquity o this Town, we arc told nirh f ~ m epx'obbility that it war n Town of the Brit o n ~ ,ahd was ceiquered by ck Romans, wtien they defeated Boadicea rhe BrjtifEr Apazon. The. %aftle, which is the moll remarkable Rece of 'Antiq.ui,t it1 rhis TOWO,~ igs' built, as i3 iuppofid, by fome o the Kings of the ...Angles, but which of tl~em'ourH+ Kories do not mention. But it ma be not igproba: bi y ~ q p o f c dtq have been bqi~tby 4edsa~drlir: greatcR of them, whp kept, his Cours at ?$endke@ain, as i; rnel~ti~ried before; y er. this is wly Gon'eBure. ~ h { s Cafile is ilarge, beaurift$, and lfrong Buildin , c a a &sing in Land an Acre, one .Rood, aid i I bcrcbcs within the wailpnow Randing, but former1y a greatcr ?usnrity. The Walls arc 44 Foot high, aqd 8 thick, w kich are now itanding p r a y $mire ; there are r 3 Towers 14.Foot 'higl-rer than rhe Walls, two of which are 'Watch Towers. , Ir was Inacceffible on 11lcEsfi fide, becaufe of rhe: Meer adjo~nigg, and oq

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the osher Side it was fortified w i t h a double Ditcfi, &c. and by t h ~ Sitpation of the Place it may reaSoilabl be fuppofcd to ]lave been a veery fixon rrrfi, &ing $dmund beipg bcfiegqd in this Ca k by t l ~ cDanss, and finding h i d & not able to m&tain k agaillfi To powerfgl an Enery, deGrted it, md they raking Ppireflion thpred, kept it in their Hmds so Years, miglitily harmfling thc Country raund about, '$1 they FerG brought under the Obedience o f the Saxom. William the Conquei.or gave it to his Coufirl Roger Rig04 earl of Norfolk : Row the Big45 (who .. diedwithput 1rJ)i.e)it reverted tn theCyown, 3 5 Edward 1, apt# SQ rewaiaecj till Edward II, who i l l the 6 t h (Yearof, his Heign aye It: t~ his $ r ~ t h a f ~ i n - T ; a ~ Thomas de Hrotherton arl o'f Norfolk. He fefc it t o his two Daughters, Mar ate$ and Alice, which Alice rnamying Edwa~dde hfonatutc, upon tlw Diviiion of the Bfiate, lqe obrairgd for hi9 part this CqRIe and Qcmefin. He left itt the 3 5 Edward V,CQhis Daughroc Jo?n, who marrytng William de Ufford 8arl of SutFolk, carried it into that Family. From hip i t deicended to the ,Mowbreys Earls of Norf~!k, wbo Somerimes refided here. From the Mowbregs, it delcended t o the Howards, Earls, (afterwards Dukes) of N~rfolk. Aftcr them i t was granted to the de Veres &ads of QrSbrd ; thq it rewned to the .Idawards 4 ah, who fo!d this Catle, hlanour aad Dgmcrns to u RoBfrc Ftchsm sforefaid ; and: ho gave it to Pcmbr.~k~ Hall XI Cambridge. 111 t ~ Tom s arc fmral repmkle Inrrs qf .Bntertaislrt.~nt.

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THVS much fbr Framlin ham: Naw we rgl.purrbe to Harleiton om the h d Gat-, alias the GriBon Inn. Pa&g msr the Rhrer OR, At 2 $ f, the left acute fmard gws to Saxd~dt At r n. I f, the left forwad goes tower6 Stra,&rook, .wLqreforeturh on the r ht. At z m, q f. is, Uurwancc At z m. f f. t,. 'fie rightforwar& goes to h d ; here turn on the Mr. A t z m. 4 f, Dainington Redory Hode 0 little on the lefi, where tile left fo~wardgoes to Broadifh f here. turn 'ori the:right. At 2 m. 6 j E the lefrmrns acute back,wad tn:Saxted; , y d Dcaningm Church is slofc oxa the right! Ar 3 m* o w Jhurncy

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m. 4 f C. is Froizly Brid e, where the right goe&to

%addingham, the left to &ndiih. Here going up a Hill in a very indifferent Road, at 5 lh. j t. the right oes to Laxfield Church. Here turn on the Ieft througl a way called Sdrup Street. At 6m. 7 if. is Laxfield White-Horfe Inn, where the ri ht goes to tarfield Church ; h e n rdrn on the left. i t rn. I f. the left foryard goes to Stradbrook ; here turn on tile right, leavin the Seat of the late Archbifiap Sancrofi on the eft 3 f. At 8 In. 6 f. the right goes to Cratfield ; here turn on the left. At 10 m. f: the left goes to Stradbrook, the left forward to , therefote turn on the right. At 10m. 4 f. isFre$" mgfield Church Clofe on the right

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FRESSINGFIELD, is aTdwn of Note for being the Birth and Burial Place of that truly Pious and moil Reverend Father in Gdd, Dr. William Sancrof t, fometime Afchbifhop of Canterbury; who lies buried in this Church-yard, on the Sourh Side of the Church, under a Pillar of the f ~ m;e over whore Grave there j s a handfome Monslmcut PaGng through Freflingfield Street, the right goes to Cratfield ; therefore turn on the left, leaving a Blackfmith's Shop clore on the left ; and over a Brick Bridge, where turn on the right through aprett Rrait way. A t 1 %m.6 E the left g6eb to Weybread &urch; leaving iron the lefi about 3 f, At I 2 rn. 6 !f. the Road r i ht forward .goesto We bread Mills. Here turn on t e right, loavlng a ~ l o c i hith's Shop clofeon the right. At 1 3 m, z f. the Icfr acute backward goes to Hoxne. At I 3 m.~f the right goes to Wetherfdale ; pals along over Shott~sford, Heath, 1eavizg aWind-Mill a little on the right. At 1 3 ra. 7 f. the right oes to Halefworth. At 14 m. is Shsttisford Bridge; t e right goes to Mendham, therefore turn on the left. At 14 m. 4 f. the left acute backward goes to'Scole Inn, of which hereafter, and at 14 m. 7 f. is Harleiton ChapeI.

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HARLESTON, is a Town in Norfolk, fituate on the Sorth-fide of the River Wavenv if, from Shottisfarii B r i d ~ e .'J, he Town is composU 6f ~ a r l e f l ~Mendham, n, Red-

f 47

Redenhall, arid Starfion; Har1eAo.n bging ivery fmalI Part of it, though it give Name to the ,whole. It is a tolerable well built Town, having a confiderable Market Weekly on Wednefdays, and two Fairs Yearly, the one 011 hliidfummer Day, and the other on the zg th of AuguR, called St. Jones's ;rernov'd from Palgrave. N o w return we now to I fwich, to take a Survey d divers other Roads IKuing, t erefrom. AND firit of the Road f~ortlIpfwlcb to Laqdguard Fort. Pafing from the Market-Crofi, by die great White Horfe, down Brook-Areet, through Tankard4 flreet, and io through St. Ckment's-ftqcet, at 7 f. is the end of St, Clement's-fireet at the Plough Inm Pafi along. from thence, avoidin the firfi turning to r l l t rishr leading to Downham %ridge, a t ~ dthe kcond leading to Nalton. At 2 m. 5 f. rs the Warren Houfe cloit. on the left. At 4 m. -fi f. is Foxball Sounds 130fi. At q m. 5 f. is anaher Poi%; here the right goes to NaBon, the left through Duckfefham to Woodbridge. At this Cro&way Arc fevetl Hills, can up in Memory of a Battle with the Danes, Anno ro to. At 5 m. I f. is the Half way .Houfe clofe dn the right. At 7 PI. j f. the left acute backward goes to Woodbridge, of which anon. At 8 m. 6 $ f. is Trimiey Mariners Inn clofe on the right, and the two Cl~urchesclofc on tbe lefr. At 10m. 2 2 t. is Walton Crofi. At 10 m. 5 f. the Road right forward goes to Felixfiow, therefore t u n on the rlghc,. and at 1 3 m. I f. is Langoard Fort,

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L A N G U A R D FORT, was built in the Rtign of King James 1, for the the Bank or Point of called in a Record and in a Patent of Henry VIII, Pollifhed ih Alto blari, which is rhe Boundary of the Admiralty Ju-. r.ifdi&ian of the Town of Ipfwich. Thu was a large regular Forr with tour Bailions mounted with 60 very large Guns, $rticularly thofe on the Royal Balfion,where the King s Standard was difplay'd,whlch wsuld throw ap eight an& twenty Pound Brzll over Harwich.

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iE&wich. it had a conitant Garrilbn wi'th a Chap4 and many Houfes for the Governor and other OCcers,Gunners &c. It was lately dernoliked, and a Cia31 PlaMorm made illfiead of it, by the Waters Side. T h i s Fort is faid to lie in the County of Effex, and t h a t A r y of the Sea, which runs u p to Ipfwich, to have ran formerly between Langarthiton and the HighLalid of' Snffolk ; that L a d does ii~deed appear to )ave been formerly a Cliff' wafied by the Sea, and 1 am well informed t5at it is within the JurifdiAion of t h e Biihop of .Londot~. THUS much for .Landgaatd Fort opoiiie .to whichon the otlier iide of the Water is,

HXRWICH in Eifex, a Town itrong~yfituate by Nature being encon~paffed aln~ofirouhd by the Sea. It' was formerly well fortified, but the Fortifications were

dcmolifhed in the Keign of King Charles the 11. but ir has been (ince ordered to be fortified again, and Ground has bee11 bought accordingly to the King's WTe, by AR.of Parliament; but tficre is nothing dme in it yet. It was incorporated the I jth of Edward ttrc IF, T h e Warwich Men pretended a Grant from Ed ward the 111. to take Cuitom-Duties for Goods coming i:;to that Haven, 'rill a Complaint was made by the Town of Iprwich, that it was an Infringement upon their Libirties; on which this King gracted a Comhuion of Inqui* to Jbhn de Weli~erham, John de Xeckely and Kotzett de Clare, to appoint a Jury to enquire inro this -4ffair and make their Report. And dn I n uifitiox~was raken at Ipfwich upon hlonday in w h i t n We&, in' rhe 14 of Edivaid the IIf. and thc Report of the Inqaifitors was, tl12r the Town of Ipfwich had long before received the faid Duties for which they .paid a Reht to the King, and that the Allen ofrHarwick, a Hanilet of the Manour of Dover Court, holden of the King, on colour of certain Let tcrs Pacents of +hefzd of June in the 12th Year of' the Keign of our now Lord the Kii~g,by which'certain Duties were granted to them for a ce?tain ti,me f d ~the b ~ f i ofthe t fatd Hamlet a ~ Walling d there* of, which krters Patents w e e revoked by orherd

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bearitlg date the 12th Day OF Jul in the Gme Yeart and they were commanded to Lrbeai levying th &id Duties, bur thar notwirhltanding, they had levyed the fame ar fiver31 Times mentioned in ' the Card Report ; upon which it was decreed that rliis Risht was iolely in the Bailiffs and Burgenes of IpTwich. This Cornmiflion, executed by two of the abovenamed CommiRioners, with ibe Report ligncd by the Jurors, is now to be i'een in the 'Records #ofthe Town of Ipfwich. Harwich is a neat, 'clean, well built Town, and enjoys a good Maritide Trade. It is 'a Town Corporate, governed by a Mayor kc, and fends two Members to Parliament, has a Market every TueG day, and Friday, and two Fairs Yearly, the firit on May Day, and the other on the ~ S t hof OLkober. Thus much for Harwich. Return we now to I

W A L T 0N, in which there itill remains the ruins of a Priory, of Black Monks of Rochefter ; dedicated to St. Felix the firit Rifhop of the Eait Angles, T h e Rigods Earls of Norfolk are fuppofed to have been the firit Founders, or at leslt great Benefa&ors to this Priory, T h e Monks were called t h e Monks of R o chefiex, becaufe Robert Bigod, their firR Founder, gave it as a Cell to the Monks of Rochefter, Ahno .Dam. I r 05 ;thc value we find not, it is now the E h t e of Alrs Atkini'on, W A LT O N has been an Antient Market Town, and though the Market is trow diiuled, the Market-CroTs is Ail1 remaining. IN the Neighbouring Parifh of Felixfiow, on r1.c Colnes tide of Woodbridge Haven, ftill appears tEIc Ruins of a Quadrangular Cnltle advantageouny fituated. I n the War brrween King Henry the 11. and his Son Henry, Robert Earl of Lcicefier(who was rngsscd for the Son) acternpred this Cafile at his firfi Landi~?g here wich a great Number of Flemings, and N ~ r m a n : ~ who tl~ough ai5fied by the Earl of Norfolk, whofeDcrnefn it then was, could rlot win it ; but, marching oB to Bury St. Edmunds, at the Battle of Fornharn was cncoritered by the K i n g i Forces, his Army totallp routed, hirnfelf and Lady taken Prifoners. It was aM ko~la

>

( $0 bout this time, that the fame King demoliihed this Cafile, that it might not be an Harbour for Rebels. THUS much for Walton. Retnrn we now to Woodbridge to take, a Survey of the Road leading from thence to Landguard Fott. FROM Woodbridge Crown fntl, pafling aIong i n the Ipfwich Road, through Martleiham Viliaoe, up Mare. leham Hill at z m. f. is a direaim "Pofi, where the right goes to Ipfwlch, therefore take the lefr Hand way, avoidilig the turnings to the right and left. At 3>rn. 2 f. is a direAion Pofi where %heright goes to lpfwich, the left to Hemly. At 3 m. 6 f. is ~rigfrvwell Park, where the right oes to Ipfwidh, the left to Newbourn. At 4 m. z crofi Brightwell River, the Hail .is a little 011the left. Pafing thro' Brightwell fireet. At 5 me I f. enter the Commons ; avoid the right clole by the Hedge thro'Buccleiham to Nactoil. At 6 m. r f. is another direAion Poi), wlyilere the right goes to Ipfwich,. rhe iefi ro Kirton. At 6 m 6 f, is another direAlon Pofi, here the firit right Mand Way goes to Ipfwich, the Ccond to Levington, rhe left to Kirton. At ;rn, 4 $ f. come into the Road that leads froni IpCwich to Trimly. At 8 m. 3 f. is Trimly Mariners Inn, At 10m I f. is 13'al. Ion Crofs. And at. 1.2m. 7 f. is Landguard Fort,,

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From Ipfwich to Landguard Fort is- r; m. From Woodbridge to Landguard Port is -- I z m. j VCroodbridge is r~eareltto Landsnard- ;! - 1 " f i Fort by the diitance of 4 -

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THUS much for there Roads. Return ure now tn Ipiwich, to take a Survey of the Road leading from thence te1Scole-Inn called the Pye Road.

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F ~ o n ithe Market Crofi in Ipf'wich psfl;ng througin St. Matthew's Srreer, a t 2 5 f. is a Wheelr\-rigilr'.o Shop, the left is the London Koad ; here take the way right forward. At 3 4-f, the lefr goes through Rramtord to Biidefion of w h ~ c hanon, here leave Ipfwich Street. At z m. z .i;: f. is Whitton Maypole, from tlsecce pafXing through M'hitton Street leave Akur-

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ham Church on the right near 6f. At 3 m, 5 f, is

Claydo11Villa5e, where the left goes acure backward to Bramford. At 3 rn. 7 $ f. the left over Claydon Bridge goes to Stew-Marker, of which anon. At 4 tn. is

( 102 Way, direaly for the Warrenergs Lodge. At 2 mi $ f. is the Lodge clofe on the right. At 2 m. 7 5 e.4 f. isanother Lodge or Farm HouG clofe on the right. And ar 5 m. i f. is Brandon Maiden's Head Inn, where the left goes to Mildenhall, the right to Dowoham. F lr.0 M -the hiaiden's Head in ~ r a n d o hwe will next Swrvey the Road leading from. thence to Mildenhall. Leave Brandon Church on the.right near 6 f. At 4 m. 5 $ f. the left goes to Bury St. Edmunds, the right to Lakenheath ; leave Erefwell Church a bout a Mile on the right. At 8 m. g f. the lefr acute backward goes to Thetford. At S m. 4 f. the Road comes in on the left ar the end of Mildenllall Street from Bury St. Edmunds, which is before treated of, and at 9 m. is Mildenhall Market CroCs. R E T u R N we now to Thetford to S u n e the Road leading from thence to Gaflrope Gate Inn. rom Thetford Bddge take the firfi right hand W a y ; pafi out a t the Eafi end of the Town. At 5 4 f. crofi over. Melford Bridge ; avoiding the left oing to Shadwell .Lodge and the right leading to Eu on, take the middle Way ; leave a Shepperd's Lod e near half a Mile on the ri ht going on dire&ly for kufhford . At 3 rn. 5 $ f. is kulhford Church and College on the right, where the left goes to Shadwell. At m. 6 sf. reenter SuffolIc a t Kufhford Brid e ;leave t e Red-Houfe cloG on the left ; pafi over ehampain Lands havin the Little Oufe River on the left. At 6 rn. 6 is a Pound where the rioht goes from Gaitrope Gate tb Bury ; here turn on t%e left, over the laA mentioned River into Norfolk. At jm.' 1 f f. is Gailrope Gare Inn. W,a will now take a Survey of t h e ' ~ o a dleading from Bungay to Haleiwortli. From the Marker Crofi i n Bungay pais out at the South end of the Towfi ; avoid the fir-lt right hand Way leading throu h Flixton to Harlefion, and take the Way right orward. At 5 f. the right goes to Homersfield, the left to Beccles. At z rn. I f. is St. John's Church clofe on the left; here the Road right forward goes to St. Andrew's; therefore turn 011 the right throught a Rrait

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\fray called Stone Streer. At 3 m. is St. Lawrence'r Church on the left about I f, here the lefr goes to Sr E~wrence. At 4 m. I f. is the Half-way Houie clofi: on the right, where the right goes to St. Rlargarets. A t 5 m. 2 4 f the lefc goes to St, Andrew's, At 7 m, z f. is the Fairfiead Gate on the right. At j m, 6 $ f. is a Dire Aion Pofi where the lefr acute back ward goes to Beccles. At 8 m. f f. the left to Hold ton. At 8 m 5 f. enter Halefworth Street, where the left goes to Lowefioft of which anon ; here turn on the right over the River, and at S m. 7 $ f, is HaleC worth Market Crofi.

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H A L E S WORTH, by the Saxons called HEALS* a large and pretty well built Town, is fitu ate in a bottom, upon the River Blyth which rulls through it. The Streets are part of them paved and generally clean. I t has a confiderable Market weekly on Tuefdays, procured by the Lord of the Manour Richard de Argenton. In t h Time of Henry 111, Reginald de Argemon obtained a Fair to be held here yearly OII the Eve Day and M ~ r r o wafter the Feafl of St. Luke, OEtober IS, which is itill very co~~tiderable for Lean Cattle. From the firgentons the Lordfhip of this Town defcended to the Allingtons, and .now belongs to Thomas Betts, Efq; T h e Church is a very good Struiture, and very beautiful within. In this Towll are feveral HouGs of good Entertainment. B E I N 8 arrived at HaIefworth, we will next take a Survey of the Roads iffuing from thence to divers Places in thefi Parts ; and firR of the R o d leading fi.0111 thence to Yoxford. At ;f. from the Corner of the Church Yard, by the Alms-HouTe, is a Di+e&ion Pofi, where the left is a Spur-Way from Walefworth, through Brarnfield, and over Sih:on Green to Yoxford. At I rn. g f. the Road right forward goes to Cookley ; here turn on the left over the River. At I m, 4 f f. the Road right forward goes to Bramfield, therefore turn on the right. At I m. 6 f, the left acute backward goes to Holtoa ; pa6 by Walpoole Church 011 the right, A t 2 m. 4.f. W O RD A ,

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is Rralpoole Vi!lace, where the Road right forward goes through Hut~tlngfieldto Crartield; here turn orr t h e left, avoiding the fire lefi hand Way leading to Bramfield. At t m. ~f f. the right goes through Hcv.eningham and Ubbelton to Laxfield. At 4 rn. is Threadbare Hall clafc on the left. A t 4 m. 3 f. the right goes to Hcveningham, the left to Sibton Green ; enter in at a Gate ; pafi through the Fields. At 5 m. 3 f. the right goes through Heveningham Long-Lane to UbScRoi! ; here turn on the lefr through Boy Street. A t 5 m. 5 S f. rhe right goes through PeaCenhall and Baddingham to Framlingham. At 5 m 3 45 is a Gate to Sibton Abbey.

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SI B T O N or S ~ E BT O N , is of Note for a Ceffertian Monaffery dedicated to the Virgin Mary by Wiiliam Cheney, fays hlr.Cambden, but Leland tells us that the Ldrd D'acres was the Founder of it. T h i s Lord D'acres was H e ~ rto the faid WiHiam Cheney 6f HorCeford in Norfolk, and therefore it may be pro'liable that 'Mr. Cheney might begin to build, and his Heir the Lord D'acres finilh this Monatlery~ Mr. Speed fa s it was valued at its Diffolution at z jo 1. per Anrmm. 5 s 7~ 7'0.whoih this hlonafiery was granted at its Dig folution we know not it is at preGnt a good d d Noufe, and for many kears has k e n the Seat of the -Family of Scfivener, and is now the Lotdihip and Dcmefne of Charles Scrivener, Efq; L E A v I N G the Abbey on the left, at 6.m. I 3*4 is Sibion Chnrc.11 dofe on. the right. At j m. I is a Direaion Poff, where on the left comes in th'e lafl mentioned Spur,way leading from Halefivorth to Yoxford, and ar 8.m $ f, is Yaxford Church. R E T u a N I N G back to Nalefworrh-we walnexr' Survey the Road leading from thence ta Southwotrld. From the Market Cuofs returning back in the 'Bungay Road over the River, avoid the Roads ts Wffet and Bungay, both goiog to the ldt ;keep the right hand Way through the Street. At I m.-z $ f. -is Holton Blackfmith's Shop, where the left gots thou& h m p r o n to Beccles, ofwhiah amn ;leave th&Wili&

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~ l l on t the rigla; pafs by Blgthfoyd Church a Iiuk on - the right, At z, m. 7 f. the right goes over .thforct- Bridge ~ W ' e n h a h ; n a little further the t c oes. td Sothenoo Moore; p?Ifing along in s to. krab o firair Road, atmiding chvers turnings to the righr md lefr, at 4 rn, I $ B crofi the Coach Road from rpfwich to Beccles. At j m. j f. is WolfcyBridge, and at S rn 6 F. is Ssuchwould Market-CroG. RET~PRNINQ to Halefworth we will no* take a Survey of the Road leadingfrom thence to Eowefioft. From the M a r k d r o f i h Haldwortb, pa&g dong in thefaid Road, leading from Ma-lefworth to Soutbwouid, At 4 m. I $ f. crafs the B o d leading from Blitbburgh to Beccleg Ieaae the Road going on the right over Wolfep Bridge to Southwould, pafi along, k a v e HenhamParkon rhe left. ' At 6 m.6 f.is Wmgford Chwch lofi on the tight; here the right goes-through Raydon to Southwotdel, which B before treated of, keep the Rod right forward. At dm. j f. the right goes to Southwould, the left to UggeWL At 8m.etf. the left goes t o ProRendon Common, here turn on the right. At S m. 4$f. the right goes to South Cwe, rherefme turn on

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the 1af.c. At 8m.7 f . the right goes pail Wrentharu &read Eagle Inn to Benacre. At 9 m. 6f. is Wrentharn Church el& on t-he left ;leave the Hall a Little on the right ; pafs aver &tterlyCammon. At r I m. 6 f. the bight goes to Benacre WPunme Inn, the left pail Hlnitead Church to Beccles ; leave H i d e a d Cllnrch a fittle on the ldt. At I 3 m. I f. is Rufhmer C.hurch d o k on the right. -At 14 m. 7 f. is a BkrckTmith's Shop clde rn the right, and C d t q t ~Colvile Church, a little on the left. At I 5 d.$ f, is the five Crofi. Cdrays, where the right acute badrward gpes to South. would, the right to Peakfieid, the left to Beccles, of which m n . Ar 16m. 6 f. i s Mutford: Bridge, where the Road righr farwad p e s to Yarmouth, of which arloll. Hexe torn on the right, and at 18 m'. 7 f. is LcriqeRoftQcen's Head Pnn T H E nest Raad that mall be Surveyed is the Road.. lead' frm Hddworth ts Beccles. From &e Ma&ec- rofs citurning back i n the laR mentionetl lkad, at f ai; r 2 Ej as afaecfdid is Holtoo BlackI? finit has

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[mith's Shop ; avoid the laR mentioned Road to the right, and Holron Church about I t on the left. A t 4 m. 4 f. is WeAhall Church clofe on the Ieft, and the Hall a little on the right. At 5 m. I If. is Rrampton Chur.ch. Enter the Road from Ipiwich to Beccles ; here torn on the left pall the Chc1rch ;for the refi fee the Road from Blithburgh to Beccles, Alld at r o m. 6 f. is Becclbs Church. W E wikl how Survey the Road leading from Lowef t ~ f tto Beccles, Returning back in the Jafi Road treated of over Mutford Bridge, avoid the turnings to the left at the five Crofs-ways. At 3 m. 6 2 f. is Carlton Ship Inn. At 5 m. is Barnby Blind-Man Inn. At 5 m. 5 f. isBarnby Church clofe on the left. At 5 m. 5 f. is Barnby White Hart Inn. A t 6 rn. ;f. is North-Cove Church clofe on the right. At S m. is Worlingham Church clok on the Icft, and the Hal1 a little on the right, and at 9 m. 4 3-4 f. is Beccles Church. R n T v R N we now from Beccles to Halefworth, and the laR Road vie &all Survey iiruing therefrom &all be from that to HarleQon, From the Market Crofi in Halefworth pafi through Cheddifton or Chciton Street ; leave theManiion of Wal ter Plumber,.Elq; about 3 f: on the right. At 2 m. 5 f. is Cheddifion Church clok on the right. At 3 m. ;$- f. is LinRead Chapel clofe on the right. A t 7 m. I $ f. is Metfield Church clofe on the bft. At 8 m, 6 j. f, is Wetherf. dale Crofi, where the right goes to Mendham, the left to Frefitlgfield. At L O m. j f. is Shottisford Bridge, and at I I m. 6 f. is HarleRon Chapel. F R o M Blithburgh White Mart Inn we will n ~ a Survey the Road leading from thence to Yarmouth by Way of Mutford Bridge. Paffing along from Blithburgh White-Hart Inn asmentioned in the Road from Sourhwould to Blithburgh, .;,r 2 m. 5 3-4 f. is Wangford Church 011 the right. At 5 m. j $ f. is Wrenrham Church on the left. A t ' 7 m. j $ f. is Henfiead Church on the left. At p m. $ f. isRufimrr Church clofi on the right. A t I o m. 6 $ f. is Carlton Blackhith's Shop on the right. At ~ z m .5 $ f. is Mutlord-Bridge ; avsid thc Road on tho right going t o Loweitof&

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( 107 ' ~ a w e ~ o f r At . I 3 m. $f.is a Blackfmith's Shop clofc on t ! righr, ~ where the right goes to Loweitofc. At 12m. T f. the right goes to Lovrellofi, the left to OilIton ; leave Odron High-Houfe on the Iefc; pafi rhrough a tolerable firait Way, and over LoutidCornmoil. At I 7 m. z $ f. is Hopton White-Hsrt Inn, where the right goes as aforefaid to LoweRoft; for the reft Tee the Road from Yarmouth to Loweltoft, f. is Yarmouth Bridge. At z I m.

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From Blithburgh to Ydrmourh by Way of Beccles is From Blithburgh to Yarmoilth by Way of Mutford Bridge is 'Tis the nearef) Way from Bfir hburgh to Yarmouth by Way of Rlarfar.1 Bridge by the diRance of

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W E will now return to Stow Market and Survey the Roads leading thence to Botefdale, Thetford, and Stratford Swan Inn. And firR of the Road leading from Stow to Botefdale. From the Market Crofi in Stow pafs along the Bury Road. At I m. 6F. leave the Bury Road going ri ht forward, and take the right hand way over the giver At 2 rn. 4 if e nter Hiug.~ley Street, where the right acute backward goes to New ton. A t 2 m. 6 f. is Heughley Church, a little on the leB the Rold r$ht forward goes to Wetherden, here turn on the nght,

H A U G H L E Y, or as it wrirten in Records Haugllle and Ha hele. Here remain ftill the Ruins o f a very firong adle as may be conjeEt;ured by its Situation. This CaRle did antiently belong to the Dz Uffords Earls of SufFolk, who died feized of it the 43 Edward 111. Afterwards this Caitle and Manuor defcended to the De Greys Dukes of Suffolk; it came to the Crown by the Attainder of the Lady j a n e Grey, and was ranted by Queen Mary I, to Sir John Sulyard of b e t herden Hall, who built Haughlep Hall, (there beiclg before only a Keeper's-lodge rn the Park) removed P- z from

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fzom Whetherden Hall thither and made it his Seat, in. Family it has continued ever fince. T H E Manour is large and extenfive, the Lord o f ir formerly had a Jufidietion of Oyer and' Terminer, trying all Cafes in his own Court. We find ia the Court Books, a t a Court holden I 5 Edward IV. It is commanded to Gize a!l the Lands and Tenements, Meadows, Feedings and Paitures of John Buxton of Stow, becade that he urjufily ,enforced and vexed one William Turner by the Writ of our Sovereign Lord the King contrary to the antient Cufiomr and Ordinances of this Manour, that no Tenant ihould Profecute any other A nil 6 Henry V, I beth to the Cdme Purpoik. A T another Cour: held in the Gme rear, it was ordered that rhe Abbot ot Hales in Glauc&c&ire ll~oulderett a new pair of Gallows in Luberlaw Field ill Haughley under the Penalty of 40 s. T h e 8 Bdward IV WilliamPaxteyn held certain Lands by the Service of finding a Ladder to the Lords Gallows. I T was .ail antient Market Town out .ofthe ruins of which Staw fiems to have rifen ; for we find, 3 Ed; a ardk IV, Mrilliam Hoxon of Gtow, was fined becaufe he. lay wait near the Town dHaughley and bought Eggs, Chickei;~k c . And at another Court held the+ Henry VIII. the Butchersof Stow were amerced 3s. 4d. k c a u k ihey Sold out of the Market their hicat can the Market Day, contrary to the Cuftom of this Manour. And the Year following it tvas advanced to 6 s. 8 d. How lorlg this Market has becn difus'd we know not. Tilare is itill a Fair Yearly Auguit I 5. In this Parilh is the S e t of Charles Knipe Eiq. T u e.s purh for Haughley : Prom hence let us purhe o m Jonrney towards 13otefdale. At 3 m. 3-4 f. rhe rigla goes to New ton ; here turn M the left ; p a 6 over Haughlev Green. At 4 m. $ f. is a Blaekfm~tb's Shop dore on ihe right, where the right goes to MendIcham ; leave a windmill cloG on the left. At 4 m. 4 f. kave'Havghley Green. At 5 na. 6 3.4 E.the lefe goes to WyverCton. A t 6 m. 3 f. is Ba&m Bg11,Inna %here the left goes to Wyverfion, ths Road right forward

< We&horp, therefore turn on the right 109

ward to ; leave he Sear of Ba~ba-mPrettyman,Efq;clofe on the left, and Ba&toton ~hu"i'%h~clofe on the right. A C j in. the Road ~ightforward goes through Cotton tohlendlharn, here tarn on the left over a Common called by -rhe Name c f Middlegate way. At m. 5 f f, the right goes to Metldleifiam. At 8 in. f. the right p e s to Wickham Skyth, the left to WyverRon, where is the E I I ~ of hliddlegate Green. At 8 m. I $ f. is Fiiiningham MThiteHorfe Inn (aHoufe of good Entertainmcnt)wheiy the left goes .to Bury, (of w hiGb hereafier) the 1ight to Thornham Magna. F I N N I N G H A M Hall, is the Seat of Edmund Fre~e,Efq; here is a confiderable Fair Yearly for Cattle beginnin Augufi 24. Leaving Finninllarn White HorIe nn pars by the Cl~urch on rbe right. At S m. 3 $ f. the right goes to Giflingham; leave Finningham Hall on the left. At 9 m. 6 f. eater Alud Green, At lo rn. 6 f. leave it. A t 12 rn. 2 f. is Rickingale fuperior Chur'ch on tbc right ; the Road ,ri ht forward goes to Whattisfield, t h e ~ f i r r : turn on t e right. *At 1 2 m. 4 4 f. is the Road from Bury to ?Jarmouth before treated of ; here turn on the right through Botefdale Street, and at 1 3 a 3 f. is Botefdale Crown Inn. R E T u B H we now to Stow Market to rake s Surv e p f the Road leading from thence through Ixworth te Thetford. .From the Market Crols in Stow pafi along in the lait mentioned Road. At I m, 6 f. go pa fghe aforefaid Road on the right which goes through Ha yg hley to BateCdale,and 'keeptheRoad rsght forward bkg the Bury .Road before treated of, but at. 3411.3$-f. avoid t11e left going to W.~~lpit and Eury and keep the .right forward Kpad. At 3 m. 7 f is Wetherden Village, wheve the right goes paR the Church towards Raughley Green, Wulpi't. At 5 m. I 3-4 t. the right goes t o Elmfwell Grcen, the left to Wulpit. At 5 m. 4 f. the right acute backward goes to Elmfwell Grcen ; kave the Church clok on the right. At 5 m. q f. the Road right forward goes to ToPock, here take the right hand way. At 7 m. -6 5 f. tbc rkht goes to AfJlfield, the lefr te Bury and Norton Dog Inn,

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1x3 ) ciofe on theright. A t S m . ;if.isaview ofDr.ll%acro's Manfion, wllere a Gate on the left leads to it. At 8 m. $f. the risht leads in at a Gate through the Fields to Sww-langtofc. At p m. 2 f. come at the Road leading on the ri ht through Stow-langtoft to Finningham Wilite Hor e Inn, the lefc through Pakenham to Bury. of which hereafter. At 9 m. 4 f f. crofi a BrooIc and paCs over the Fieldings, and at I I m. z $ f. is Ix\vofth Street, where the right goes to Botefdale, the lefc to Bury. From Isworth let us proceed to Thetford. At 3 $ f. croii the River and leave the Mill on the left ;avoid the lefc going to the Livermers, keep the Road right forward. At I m. qf. is Ixworch Thorp Church clofe o n the left; pafj aloilg over a Common. At 2 m. 6 f. o n the left comes in the Road from Bury to GaRrope Gate Inn before me~ltioned; leave Hunnington Church clofe on the right. At z m . 6 f. here the Road from Bury to GaRrope Gete Inn turne to the right ; the left goes to Livermer, therefore keep the Rodd right forward. At q m. 4 $ f. the right acute backward goes to Sapifion; leave Fakmham Church clofe' oa the right ; pais over Champain Lands; leave Eulton Church and Hall (the Seat of his Grace the Duke of Grafton) on the righc, of which hereafrer. At 6 m. $ f. the left goes to Bsrnham ; turn on the right over Euiton Bridge, having the Pack clofe on the right. A t 6 m. 1 5 6 the Road right forward goes to Bsmingham ; here turn on the left through Eufkoll Villame ", At 6 n. j 3-4 f. eater Norfolk at Carlfbrd Bridge avoid the Road right forward going over MelfordBridge into Thetford ; take the left hand Road over the Warrens. At 8 m. 4 3-4f. re-enrer Suffolk at Fully -Bridge ; pafs by the Place formerly a Houk of Renedi&inc Nuns clofe on the right, and at 9 m. ;5 f is Thetford-Bridge.

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From Stow-Market to Ixworth is From Ixworth to Thetford is

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From Srow-hhrket to Thetford is

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W

( 111 ) t will now return back to Stow-Market,

and

Survey the Road leading from thence to Bildeiton. From the Market Crois take the Ipfwich Koad, pafing over Combs Ford. At 4 f. leave the lefr going to Ipfwich, and the right going 'to Fiaborough magna, and keep tho Koad right forward. At j $ f. is a View of Combs Hall on the left about z f. pafi along avoiding divers turnings to the right and lefr. At 3 m. 6 3-4 f. enter Battisford Tye, where the Rrad right forward crofi the Tye goes co KingBalI, tfierefore take the right hand Way over the Tye, At 4 m. 3 $ f. leave it at a Carpenter's Shop on the right. A t 5 m. I 3-4 f. is a Dlre&tioi~ Poit on Charles's Tye. At 6 m. 3 3-4 f. is Wattisfham Church clofe on the left. At 6 m. 6.5 f. is a BlackfmitIl's Shop clofe on the lefi. At m. ; 3-4 f. is a Dire&ion Pofi, where the left acute backward goes to Needhatn, and at 8 m. 2 5 -4 f. is Bildeffon MarketCrofi. F R o M Bildefion we will now Survey the Rozd leading to Hadleigh. P a h g from the Crofi in Bildefion at I 2 f. avord the left going towards Ipiivici~, and at 2 $ f. the right towards Lavenham, both hich are before treated of, leaving Nedging Church about 2 f. on the left ; pa5 over Seamer-Bridge. At I rn. 5 3-4 f. is a ~lackfmith's Shop clof'e on the right. At 2 rn. g f. is a DireLkion Pofi, where the right gGes to Kerky. At - 2 m. 6 f. is another Diredian Po'oR, where on the right comes in the Road from Lavenham through Monks-Ely and Kerfey to Ipfwich. A t f f. the left goes to Naughton. At 3 m. 3 4 f. 3 the right goes to Kerfey, the left to Colford Bridge. At *3 m. 7 3- 4 f, on the right comes in the Sudbury Road to Hadleigh, and at 5 m, r f f. is Hadleigh George Inn. T H z laR Road we &all Survey fiall be that leading from Hadleigh Geor e Inn to Srratford Swan Inn. Avoid rhci"rigla handq8yaygoing through Layham to Stoke. At I f f. avoid the lefr leading to Iyiwic h, and keep the Road right forward. Ar 4 t f. is the end of the Street ; leave Layham Church a. bout 2 f. (in the righr, At I m. 7 f, crofs a Brook

+

where

f

112)

where the Road right forward goes to 33afibergh;hi here mrn on the wight. At z m. 6 $ f. the right, forward goes to Shelly ; turn on the left, leave the Church and H a l l z f. 'on the right. At 3 m. croCs another Brook, pak by a Btackfmith's Shop 0x1 the lefc. Ik 3 m. I 3-4 f. the lefr oes to Raydon ; tu rn on the right. At 4 ni. 6 A f! the left to Holton, At 4 m. j Sf. is Higham $illage, where the right goes to Stoke, as is aforefaid, the left to Zpfwich, and as 6 m. f. is Stratford Swan Inn.

+

H A u z w G finirhed the Survey o f all the Roads

of any

confidetable Traffic, and given a h r t Hi&orical Atcou'nr of all the M a r k t and other confiderable Towns in the County, with wbat is or has been 6f any Remark in them, our next Bufinefs &all be to treat of the Hundreds, and tho& Towns in them, i 4 t before t d h Notice of, in an tllphabetical Order.

B A B ERG H Hundred,

I

S bounded on the Eaff by the Hul~dredof Sam'ford, on the Weit by the Stour and part of Risbridge Hundred, .on the North by the Hundreds of Thingoe and Thedwefiry, and,on the South with the Stour dividing it from EiTex. It' is in Ieogth 12 Miles, in breadth 11, making the Circumference $2 Miles. The Towns and Villages in this Hundred are, viz. AsC T 0N ; the Manour of .;,hip Parifh in 9 Edward I, was the Iaheritance of Bobcrt.de Buers or Buris. King Edwad IV aft&rwa;dsmgaveit to Henry Lord Bourchier. Hedying, 23 Edward IV, left ir m Henry his Grandfon ; to whom it defcended afterwards we find bot. A&on-Place is, a aoble .Building, and is now the Seat of William 'Jcnfiens, Efq; by whom .it was lately Built. On the Gde of Babergh Heath in this Parifi is the Seat of Ambrofe Kedington, Efg. A L P H E T 0N, formerly the Lordfhip of John de Welnetham. A S s I NG T O N, the ~ o r d h i pof Roger Carbet 9 Edward I, but in later Tines it has been the Sear of the Family of Gusdon, Men of Figure .and Efiate in this County. John Gurdon ofthis Place, Efq; was High Sheriff for this C o u ~ t y26 Queqn Elizabeth ; they. are ail1 in Repure in this Place ; the prefellr PoffeiJbr is John Ourdon, Efq. BOXFORD, See Page 9;. BOX S T E A D, formerly the Lordfhiy of the Ahb ~ ofBury t St.Edmunds, bur aftrrwa,rd, (by what means is uncertain) rhc 9 Edward I, it was granred to Robert Harleiton, Efq; who being Attainted in the Reign of Edward IV; it 'was granted to Richard Duke of Glo* cefler, Rrorher to the i B i King. -It is XIOW tb Sea :of - ' Poole , Efq. B U R E Q ~ ~ ~ B SU, see E page-95. a

.

.

L

BK . .EN T +ELY1 a Village and &our , -c.

t

I , h

Q

belonging . rho

( 114 the Anccdors of 9h. Henry Shelton, who a Xfarket for it of King'Henry 111, long fince diicontii~ued. 25s Pofteriry flourifled here a long time ;but afterwards it defccnded to the Famiiy pf Colman who now enjoy it ; the, prefent worth Gentleman refiding at the is Edward Colman, 8fq. , C A V E N D L S H , S%'Page 93; - ' C H I-LT 0 M, t h e Hall appears to be a good old Scat, it was formerly the Seat of the'&ni@tly Famil y ofCrane, .for Sir gvhn Crane.of this Place, .kCnt. was created a aroner -$fay I I , Anno Dom. 1627 ; bur that Family being w i n & , to w h m it now belongs 'we k ~ o w nor. COCKFIELD, ~ o K k z 1 r n r b or C O O K S I E L D, formiirly .thS tordfhip of 'rhe '& Vtre's Earls of Oxford ; hr Edw-zU.dc& Vere .Earl of.-Oxford .died poKeffed of it a4 Edward I jaftcrwirds John Earl of Qxford, taking Pan with-hchcaflrians againit Edward f V, forfeited his Efiaies t o the faid V&r~ous Edward, who ieized them and pve this Manour to his Brother Richard Duke of York. But Henry BII, refiorirg him to his Honour and Eftate, his Succeffors enjoyed this hianour till the' Dearh of Awberyb de Vere the laf) Earl of .Oxford. T o whvm it dekended afterwards v;e LOW n o t ; but the Family of Hervey has a good ,. Sent here. C O R N E R D Msgna, formerly tbe Lordiip of the Abbot of Mailing ; to wt~orrlir now belongs we know not. C 0R N ER D Parra, formerlv the ~ordfhipof - Thomas Grey, bur whofe now we i&w nor. EDW ARDSTON, a Village of Note for the Lords formerly inhabiting in it, called M O ~ TCANIS E 10 corn" tnonlp called Mor~tor hlonchienfy ;from the Manchi:%n$s, it defcended to the Waldgraves, and afterward - to the AIRons. Joieph A l b o , kfq; now refides in.a fieat Masfion.in his Parifi. . A little North of Mr. 41RanSs Manlion M the Ruins oE St. Edwards Place, :formerly a ~ d i g h u sHoife and a Cell to the.Abky a; Sr, Alban's; what the Revenues of this H o u WBS ~~ at its DiiTolution wevknow not. \It is now beB-ttatc *

*

a .+z sf the afotefiid- JoAgh Al8q1, Efq. . '- .. CLEMSFQRB,

t

.

(

115

1

-*

GLEMSFORD, or GVTHELNESFORD, 2iie of rho& Manours which Odo Earl of Champaign, a near Kinfman of nrilliarn the Conqueror, was found poff'efi'd of when the General Survey of En land calied Doofisday Book was taken. Afterwards it eIonged co the!Bifhop. of El7 ; 'but whether ib aQw, we know not. IT is a very large Town, in Bounds and very full of Inhabitants; but the Hour@ are Ccatteri~lgl~ .fitz, ate, which were they Contiguous it is fi~ppos'd there. would not be four larger Towris in this County, The Fair is yearly June the 24th. G R O T 0 N, formerly the LordOrip of-the Abbot of R ~ r St. y Edmonds ; who it-dekendedto a t the Diffolution of that Abbey we know not. It is now the ~ 6 r d fhip qf Thomas Warren, ETq; who refidcs in the Place ; agood 014 Manfion, a little North of \he Chnrch, HARTEST, formerly the Lordfiip of the Biilrop of Ely; but wh& at prefent we lrnow not. , LAVENJ3-dBM,See Page8;. L A W S H A .LL, formerly the Lordfhip of the Abbst sf Ramfey ; bur to whom it belongs ar prsfeia wc know IYO~. . . M E L F O R D , See Page 84. M I L DE N, formerly the Lordkip and Dernefne of Remigiys de- Milding or Milden, who took his Name from this Place. Afterwards it defcended $0 the Allingtons ; from them by purchate to the Psmily of canham. It is now vefied in John ,Canhap, ETq; who has +his Seat ar the Hall. M ON-KS-E LY, fo called kcaulc the Lordaip formerly belonged to the Monks o f S t, PeterS 111 Canterbur :, To whom it belongs at prefinr we know,not. N T ON, formerly the Lorrlfhip of William Butvillein; but to,whom it aow belongs we know not. N E Y L A N D , See Page 96. P 0L S T E A D, formerly the Lor dfiii of Jam= Lamburti, ECq, I t is at .prefeat of Remark for its Cher'ries. Here is the Seat of Jacob Brand, EXq P R E S T 0 N, formerly the Lordfiip and M a r e of the Hofpital of St. John of Jerufilem p Edward 1, but afterward of the de Veres.. Earb of Oxford ; but to whom .it. defcended after we kr~ownot. .. SHIhfJ?&ING,

%

JW

Qz

(

116

1

S E I I h l P L I N G or S ~ M P L I N in ~the, Conqueror's Time the Lordhip of Odo de Campania, Earl of Albemarle and Holdernefs. How long it rema-ed in that Family we find not. It-afierwards defcended to the Lords Fitz-water. It is now the Inheritance of the Plampyns, and William Plampyn, Efq; has now his Seat here in a Manfion called by the Namc of Cheracre (or Shadacre) Hall. S O M E R T O N , of which we have nothing to Remark, but that it was formerly the Lordfhi~of Themas de Bur h. S T 0K by Nagland. See Page 96. S U D B U R Y . See Pa e 8 5 , W A L D I N G FIE L Magna, formerly the LordOlip and EAate of James Butler Earl ot Wiltfhire, and afterwards of the Earls of Effex; but to whom it now be!ongs we know not. T H I s Village furniihcd London with a Lord Mayor Anno I 594, viz. Roger Spencer Cloth-worker, the Son of Richard Spencer of this Place. W A L D I N G F I E L D Parva, the Lordlhiy of William Beauchamp and William Fitz Ralph p Ed-. ward I. In this Parifh is the Seat of Warner Uq. W I S T 0N, formerly the Lordihip of Michael Lord Poinings, whp leaving it to his Son and Weir Thomas Lord Poinings, he left it to his Son and Heir Michael. Jn the g Edward 11, Agidia de Horkefly W ~ Lady S of this Manour ; but who now wq know nos. T a I s Hundred contains 34 Parifhes.

1

8

,

B L A C K B O U R N Hundred, I s bounded on the EaA with the Hundreds of Hartfmere, and by Stow on the South, by the Hundred of Lachford and ThedweRry on the Weit, and on the North by the Little Oufe dividing it from Norfolk. Its gsrateff length is 16 Miles ; its great& breadth is 9 Miles, making the Circumference 1 2 Miles. T h e Towns and Villa es in this Hundred are, viz. ASHFIE BADWELL-ASH,tbe Lordihip of WilliamCreketotc 9 Edward I, but to whom it belongs now we know not.

~8.

B A R D Wp LL was, the 9 Edw. 111,

thc Lordfiip -

of,

(

317

1

of John Packenham and Ifibella de Wykes; afcerwards it came into thefpamily of Kead; one of which married the Daughter and Heirefi of n7illiam Crofts of Saxham Magna in this County, who was by King Charles I1 at Brabant, May IS, 1658, created Lord Crofts of Saxham, from which Marriage rhey took the Sirname of Crofrs. It is now the Lordhip of Thomas Crofts Read, Efq. B A R N H A M, confiRing of two Pariihes, viz. St. Martin and St. Gregory, having formerly had two ParifiChurches; but St Martin's Church is now in ruins; It was formerly the Lordihip of James de Shrylle, and now belo~~gs to his Grace the Dukepf Grafron. B A R N I N G H A M, formerly the Lordfiip of John de Montfort, aud the Prior of Blefworth, in the 9 Edw. I. The Family of the Sheltons have long refided in this Village ; the prcGnr Gentlemanof that Family, Maurice Shelton, Efq; refides in a good old Sear ncar the Church, who is now Lord of this hlanour we k<nowlnot ; but the Duke OF Grafton, lately yurchafed of the faid vr. Shelton the ~ e f f u a ~ e a n d Mare in or ncar this B r i m calied by the Name of Barnin gham Park. C O N Y - W E S T O N , formerly the Lordfhip of the Abbot of Bury St. Edmunds. CULFORD, or CVLPORTH, was formerly the Lordihip of the Abbot of Bury St. Edmunds, a Village adorned with a neat Seat buiit by Sir Nicholas Bacon. The Lords Cornwallis for many Years Honoured this Village by refiding in this Manfion. E L M S W E L L, formerly the Lordihip of the Abbot cf Bury St. Edmunds, now of Charles Wood, Efq* E U S T O N , was formerly the ~ o r d d and i ~ Dem e p e of a Family of that Name ; afterwards it defiended to the Family of Pattifhall, from them it deftended to Sir Henry Bennett, who, as a Reward for his faithful Services to his Ro a1 MaAer King Charles I, vras by his Son, King 'harles 11, made Secretary of State, created Lord Arlington, Yifiount Thetford, and Earl of Arlington. He being induced by the pleafant - Situation of this Village raifid a

e

noble

( 118) noble StruEture there, calling it Eufion Houic or Hall, ador~iilgit with pleafant Gardens, k c . He Icavone Daughter Ifabella, who being marricd Pitz-Roy, one of King Charles 1113s' Natural Sons by the Dutckefi of Cleveland, he was by his Father created Earl of Eufio~~ and Duke of Grat;. fin; and it now remains in his Son by the faid Ifibella, Char la Fitz-Roy, the prefent Duke of Grafton. F A K E N HA hf, formerly the Lordkip and Demefne of Gundyed de Warren, defcended from the Earls ot Surrey ; afterwards by Marriage to the Nevils ; from them it ,came to the Crown ; was grant-, cd by Henry VI to Reginald de Wefie. His Son, a great Favourite to Henry VII, enjoyed it. T o whom' i t defcended afrerwards we fmow not. I t is now the Lordfiip and Demefi~eof his Grace the Duke of Grafton. H E P W OR 'I H, ' formerly the Lordihip and Dernefne of the Abbot of Bury Sr. Edmunds; but whore I now we know nor, H I N D E K C L A Y, formerly theLordkip OF the Abbot of Bury, St. Edmunds. - HO P T O N , formerly the Lordfhip and Demefne of the Abbot of Bury St. Edmurids, but whofe now we know not. H U N N I N C'f'ON, alfo the Lordihip ahd 'Demefine of the Abbot of Bury St. Edmunds H U N S T 0N, anciently the Lordihip and Demefne of William de Langham ; but to whom it belongs Weigham, at preient we know not ; but Efq; now refides in a ood old Scat in this Parik. I N G H A M, former y the Lordfiip and Demefne of John de Ingeham ; to whom it defcended afterwards we know not. It is now the Lordfhip of the Right Hon. the Lord Cornwallis. I X W O R T H , See Page 67. I X W O R ' I ~ H - T H O R P , a village bf fmall ~ e * n~ark. K N E T T I S HA LL, o f no great Note at preSent, but formerly gave Name ta a Family who wers Lords of the Manour.. '

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f

.

VNGHAM,

(

11.9

1

LAKGHAM, formerly the L o r d l i p of ~ i l l i a ' n de Criketote. Who is Lord of this Manour at prefctnt we know not; but John Turner, Efq; has a Seat here, LIVERMERE Parva, antiently gave Name to Bartholomew de Livermere, who was Lord of the Ma'npur ; to whom1 it dekended after I -am not informed. It is now .the Lordfhip and Demefne of Saptiff Lee, ECq; who has lately ereeed a neat Rilanfion there, and made it his,Sear. NORTON, was the Lordihip of John de Pakenham, 9 EdwardlII1. How long it remained in that Family we know not. He= is now - the Seat of Cox Macro, '

I

D. D.

AZCKINGALF Inferior, antiently the Lordfhip and Demefne of Uiflsttell Earl of the Eafi Angles and Nerfolk. He being killed i n the Battle of ~ff'etl-don in Effex, left this Manour to the Monks of Bury Sr. Edmunds ; bat whde it is now we know not. SAPISTON. 'The Lordfhip of this Parifh did formerly belmg to -sheCrowd ; bat. whether fo..i~t.preient we know not. ohn J * See Page 68.. STANTON All-Saints. .STOWLAEG'fOFT. fo called to diitin~uifhit! from. o t h e r Towns narnkd Stow in this ~ o u ; ~ 3, of which the Ha11 or hianour. Hmie was the Seat of effrey Peche 9 Edward ILI, but afterwards of the &mily of mruer. T h e learned Sir Simon D'ewes, of this Place, Knt. was created a Baronet, July I 9 , 2641. That Family is now mine. T h e h r d f h i p and Demefne of this Town now belongs to Theinas Norton, Ef ; T H E L N ~ T H A ~ Iccrrupt!y , called Fs r r n r M, anrientIy the L o r d f f ~ iand ~ Demefne of Jehn & T h e l l ~ ~ tham ; but to, whpm it remains at prefcnr we know- nor. "I'ROsTON, fdrnleriy the Lordfhip of- the A bboc pf Bur St Edmunds; but fop fogne Time it has been in the 6anlilp ef Maddox. The Hall ir now th Seas of Robert Maddox, Efq; W ALSHAM ih the Wiillows, the Lordfiip of Edmund jde Sakedm 9 Eciwaitd"IIf ;. but..afterw.ards af.