Handbook of Thermal Conductivity, Volume 2:: Organic Compounds C5 to C7 (Library of Physico-Chemical Property Data)

Handbook of Thermal Conductivity ,~~ Volume 2

Organic Compounas

Cs toC7

Handbook of Vapor Pressure Volume 1: C1 to C 4 Compounds (Product #5189) Volume 2:C5 to C7 Compounds (Product #5190) Volume 3:C8 to C28 Compounds (Product #5191) Volume 4: Inorganic Compounds and Elements (Product #5394) Carl L. Yaws

Handbook of Viscosity Volume 1:C1 to C 4 Compounds (Product #5362) Volume 2:C5 to C7 Compounds (Product #5364) Volume 3:C8 to C28 Compounds (Product #5368) Carl L. Yaws

Handbook of Thermal Conductivity Volume 1:C1 to C 4 Compounds (Product #5382) Volume 2:C5 to C7 Compounds (Product #5383) Volume 3:C8 to C28 Compounds (Product #5384) Carl L. Yaws

Each of the above series contains data for more than 1,000 organic compounds, including hydrocarbons, oxygenates, halogenates, nitrogenates, sulfur compounds, and silicon compounds. The data are presented in graphs for vapor pressure, viscosity, or thermal conductivity as a function of temperature and are arranged by carbon number and chemical formula to enable the engineer to quickly determine values at the desired temperatures.

Handbook of Transport Property Data (Product #5392) Carl L. Yaws

Comprehensive data on viscosity, thermal conductivity, and diffusion coefficients of gases and liquids are presented in convenient tabular format.

Physical Properties of Hydrocarbons Volume 1, Second Edition (Product #5067) Volume 2, Third Edition (Product #5175) Volume 3 (Product #5176) Volume 4 (Product #5272) R. W. Gallant and Carl L. Yaws

The four-volume series provides chemical, environmental, and safety engineers with quick and easy access to vital physical property data needed for production and process design calculations.

Thermodynamic and Physical Property Data (Product #5031) Carl L. Yaws

Property data for 700 major hydrocarbons and organic chemicals, including oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and sulfur compounds, are provided.

LIBRARY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTY DATA

Handbook of Thermal Conductivity Volume 2

Organic Compounds c,to c, Carl L. Yaws

Gulf Publishing Company Houston, London, Paris, Zurich, Tokyo

Handbook of Thermal Conductivity, Volume 2 Copyright 9 1995 by Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas. All fights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. Gulf Publishing Company Book Division P.O. Box 2608 D Houston, Texas 77252-2608 10

9

8

7

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Printed on Acid-Free Paper (oo)

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicatiotl Data Yaws, Carl L. Handbook of thermal conductivity / Carl L. Yaws. p. c m . - (Library of physico-chemical property data) Includes bibliographical references. Contents: v. 1. Organic compounds, C l to C a - v. 2. Organic compounds, C5 to C 7 - v. 3. Organic compounds, C8 to C28. ISBN 0-88415-382-7 (v. 1). ISBN 0-88415-383-5 (v. 2). ~ ISBN 0-88415-384-3 (v. 3) 1. Heat~Conduction~Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title. II. Series. QD257.7.Y38 1995 661.8~dc20 95-5676 CIP

Li Bu

Graduate student, Chemical Engineering Department, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, U.S.A.

Jack R. Hopper

Professor and Chair, Chemical Engineering Department, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, U.S.A.

Xiaoyan Lin

Graduate student, Chemical Engineering Department, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, U.S.A.

Sachin Nijhawan

Graduate student, Chemical Engineering Department, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, U.S.A.

Carl L. Yaws

Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, U.S.A.

Many colleagues and students have made contributions and helpful comments over the years. The author is grateful to each: Jack R. Hopper, Joe W. Miller, Jr., C.S. Fang, K.Y. Li, Keith C. Hansen, Daniel H. Chen, P.Y. Chiang, H.C. Yang, Xiang Pan, Xiaoyan Lin, Duane G. Piper, Jr., Li Bu, and Sachin Nijhawan. The author wishes to extend special appreciation to his wife (Annette) and family (Kent, Michele, Chelsea, and Brandon; Lindsay and Rebecca; and Matthew and Sarah). The author wishes to acknowledge that the Gulf Coast Hazardous Substance Research Center provided partial support to this work.

This handbook presents a variety of thermodynamic and physical property data. It is incumbent upon the user to exercise judgment in the use of the data. The author and publisher do not provide any guarantee, express or implied, with regard to the general or specific applicability of the data, the range of errors that may be associated with any of the data, or the appropriateness of using any of the data in any subsequent calculation, design, or decision process. The author and publisher accept no responsibility for damages, if any, suffered by any reader or user of this handbook as a result of decisions made or actions taken on information contained herein. vi

Thermal conductivity data are important in many engineering applications in the chemical processing and petroleum refining industries. The objective of this book is to provide the engineer with such data. The data are presented in graphs coveting a wide temperature range to enable the engineer to quickly determine values at the temperatures of interest. The contents of the book are arranged in the following order: graphs, references, and appendixes. The graphs for thermal conductivity as a function of temperature are arranged by carbon number and chemical formula to provide ease of use. Most of the graphs for the liquid cover a wide temperature range extending from melting point to boiling point to near the critical point. The graphs for gas cover a wide temperature range and are applicable at low pressure. Common units are used for thermal conductivity (W/m K). For those involved in English usage, each graph displays a conversion factor to provide the English units. The coverage encompasses a wide range of organic compounds including hydrocarbons such as alkanes, olefins, acetylenes, and cycloalkanes; oxygenates such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, ethers, glycols, and anhydrides; halogenates such as chlorinated, brominated, fluorinated, and iodinated compounds; nitrogenates such as nitriles, amines, cyanates, and amides; sulfur compounds such as mercaptans, sulfides, and sulfates; silicon compounds such as silanes and chlorosilanes; and many other chemical types. The graphs for liquids are based on both experimental data and estimates. Estimates for liquid thermal conductivity were primarily based on modified Missenard and Pachaiyappan methods. Both experimental data and estimates were then regressed to provide the same equation with wide and extended temperature coverage for all compounds. Very limited experimental data for liquid thermal conductivities are available at temperatures in the region of the melting point. Also, there are very few reliable data at temperatures above a reduced temperature of Tf = 0.65. Thus, the values in the regions of melting point and reduced temperatures above 0.65 should be considered rough approximations. The values in the intermediate region (above melting point and below reduced temperature of 0.65) are more accurate. The graphs for gases are also based on both experimental data and estimates. In the absence of experimental data, estimates were primarily based on correlations of Roy and Thodos; Misic and Thodos; and Stiel and Thodos and modified Eucken models. Experimental data and estimates were then regressed to provide the same equation for all compounds. The graphs are applicable for low pressure gas. The presented values may be adjusted to provide values at higher pressure using the methods in Reid, Prausnitz, and Poling (25). Very limited experimental data for gases are available for highly polar and high molecular weight compounds. Also, very few experimental data are available for organic compounds at high temperatures above 600 K. Thus, the values for these compounds and high temperatures should be considered rough approximations. The literature has been carefully searched in construction of the graphs. The references are given in the section following the graphs near the end of the book. The references provide documentation for the original sources used in preparing the work. The equations for liquid and gas thermal conductivities are: loglo ~liq "- A + B [1 - T/C ]2/7 ~gas A + B T + C T 2

(liquid) (gas)

=

The coefficients for the equations are provided in the appendix near the end of the book. The tabulated values are especially arranged for quick usage with hand calculator or computer. Computer programs, containing coefficients for all compounds, are available for liquid and gas. vii

Each program is in ASCII which can be accessed by other software. For information, contact Carl L. Yaws, Ph.D., P.O. Box 10053, Beaumont, Texas 77710, phone/fax (409) 880-8787. A list of compounds is also given near the end of the book to aid the user in quickly locating the compound of interest by the chemical formula or name.

viii

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,

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

API Research Project No. 44, SELECTED VALUES OF PHYSICAL AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBONS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS, Carnegie Press, Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, PA (1953). SELECTED VALUES OF PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBONS AND RELATED COMPOUND.S., Thermodynamics Research Center, TAMU, College Station, TX (1977, 1984). SELECTED VALUES OF PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS, Thermodynamics Research Center, TAMU, College Station, TX (1977, 1987). TECHNICAL DATA BOOK PETROLEUM REFINING, Vol. I and II, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC (1972, 1977, 1982). Daubert, T. E. and R. P. Danner, DATA COMPILATION OF PROPERTIES OF PURE COMPOUNDS, Parts 1, 2, 3 and 4, Supplements 1 and 2, DIPPR Project, AIChE, New York, NY (1985-1992). Ambrose, D., VAPOUR-LIQUID CRITICAL PROPERTIES, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, England, NPL Report Chem 107 (Feb., 1980). Simmrock, K. H., R. Janowsky and A. Ohnsorge, CRITICAL DATA OF PURE SUBSTANCES, Vol. II, Parts 1 and 2, Dechema Chemistry Data Series, 6000 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (1986). INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL TABLES, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY (1926). Maxwell, J. B., DATA BOOK ON HYDROCARBONS, D. Van Nostrand, Princeton. NJ (1958). Egloff, G., PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF HYDROCARBONS, Vols. 1-6, Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, NY (1939-1947). Braker, W. and A. L. Mossman, MATHESON GAS DATA BOOK, 6th ed., Matheson Gas Products, Secaucaus, NJ (1980). CRC HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, 66th- 74th eds., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL (1985-1993). LANGE'S HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRy, 13th and 14th eds., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY (1985, 1992). PERRY'S CHEMICAL ENGINEERING HANDBOOK, 6th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY (1984). Kaye, G. W. C. and T. H. Laby, TABLES OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONSTANTS, Longrnan Group Limited, London, England (1973). Raznjevic, Kuzman, HANDBOOK OF THERMODYNAMIC TABLES AND CHARTS, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, NY (1976). Vargaftik, N. B., TABLES ON THE THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASES., 2nd ed., English translation, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, NY (1975, 1983). Timmermans, J., PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CONSTANTS OF PURE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, Vol. 1 and 2, Elsevier, New York, NY (1950,1965). Ho, C. Y., P. E. Liley, T. Makita and Y. Tanaka, PROPERTIES OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FLUIDS, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, NY (1988). Tsederberg, N. V., THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF GASES AND LIQUIDS, R. D. Cess, editor, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1965). Vargaftik, N. B., L. P. Filippov, A. A. Tarzimanov and E. E. Totskiy, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF GASES AND LIQUIDS, Standards Press, Moscow, USSR (1978). Landolt-Bomstein, ZAHLENWERTE UND FUNKIONEN ANS PHYSIK, CHEMEI, ASTRONOMIE. UND TECHNIK, 6th ed., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany (1972). Touloukian, Y. S., P. E. Liley and S. C. Saxena, THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER, Vol. 11 - Viscosity, IFI/Plenum Press, New York, NY (1974). Lyman, W. J., W. F. Reehl and D. H. Rosenblatt, HANDBOOK OF CHEMICAL PROPERTY -

,,

25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

ESTIMATION METHODS, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY (1982). Reid, R. C., J. M. Prausnitz and B. E. Poling, THE pROPERTIES OF GASES AND LIOU!DS, 3rd ed. (R. C. Reid and T. K. Sherwood), 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY (1977, 1987). Kirk, R. E. and D. F. Othmer, editors, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, 3rd ed., Vols. 1-24, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY (1978-1984). Beaton, C. F. and G. F. Hewitt, pHYSICAL PROPERTY DATA FOR THE DESIGN E.NGINEER, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, NY (1989). Yaws, C. L., PH.ySICAL PROPERTIES, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY (1977). Yaws, C. L., THERMODYNAMIC AND PHYSICAL PROPERTY DATA, Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, TX (1992). Yaws, C. L. and R. W. Gallant, PHYSICA.L PROPERTIES OF HY_DROCARBONS, Vols. 1 (2nd ed.), 2 (3rd ed.) and 3 (lst ed.), Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, TX (1992, 1993, 1993).

Carl L. Yaws, Xiaoyan Lin, Li Bu and Sachin Nijhawan Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas

•llq

Carl L. Yaws, Xiaoyan Lin, Li Bu and Sachin Nijhawan

Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas

407 415

800

---

143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217

estimate estimate

estimate

388

400