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Now we want to set the specifications of the monitor. The two critical parameters are the vertical refresh rate, which is the rate at which the whole screen is refreshed, and most importantly the horizontal sync rate, which is the rate at which scanlines are displayed. The valid range for horizontal sync and vertical sync should be documented in the manual of your monitor. If in doubt, check the monitor database /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc/Monitors to see if your monitor is there. Press enter to continue, or ctrl-c to abort.

You must indicate the horizontal sync range of your monitor. You can either

72

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FreeBSD

select one of the predefined ranges below that correspond to industrystandard monitor types, or give a specific range. It is VERY IMPORTANT that you do not specify a monitor type with a horizontal sync range that is beyond the capabilities of your monitor. If in doubt, choose a conservative setting.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

hsync in kHz; monitor type with characteristic modes 31.5; Standard VGA, 640x480 @ 60 Hz 31.5 - 35.1; Super VGA, 800x600 @ 56 Hz 31.5, 35.5; 8514 Compatible, 1024x768 @ 87 Hz interlaced (no 800x600) 31.5, 35.15, 35.5; Super VGA, 1024x768 @ 87 Hz interlaced, 800x600 @ 56 Hz 31.5 - 37.9; Extended Super VGA, 800x600 @ 60 Hz, 640x480 @ 72 Hz 31.5 - 48.5; Non-Interlaced SVGA, 1024x768 @ 60 Hz, 800x600 @ 72 Hz 31.5 - 57.0; High Frequency SVGA, 1024x768 @ 70 Hz 31.5 - 64.3; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 60 Hz 31.5 - 79.0; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 74 Hz 31.5 - 82.0; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 76 Hz Enter your own horizontal sync range

Enter your choice (1-11): 6 You must indicate the vertical sync range of your monitor. You can either select one of the predefined ranges below that correspond to industrystandard monitor types, or give a specific range. For interlaced modes, the number that counts is the high one (e.g. 87 Hz rather than 43 Hz). 1 2 3 4 5

50-70 50-90 50-100 40-150 Enter your own vertical sync range

Enter your choice: 2 You must now enter a few identification/description strings, namely an identifier, a vendor name, and a model name. Just pressing enter will fill in default names. The strings are free-form, spaces are allowed. Enter an identifier for your monitor definition: Hitachi

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;5&*, "( "=*8('" (8"0" 0 on fdc0 drive 0 atkbdc0: at port 0x60-0x64 on isa0 atkbd0: flags 0x1 irq 1 on atkbdc0 kbd0 at atkbd0 psm0: irq 12 on atkbdc0 psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0 vga0: at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0 sc0: <System console> at flags 0x1 on isa0 sc0: VGA sio0 at port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on isa0 sio0: type 16550A sio1 at port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa0 sio1: type 16550A ppc0: <Parallel port> at port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa0 ppc0: SMC-like chipset (ECP/EPP/PS2/NIBBLE) in COMPATIBLE mode ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/15 bytes threshold ppbus0: IEEE1284 device found /NIBBLE Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0: plip0: on ppbus0 lpt0: on ppbus0 lpt0: Interrupt-driven port ppi0: <Parallel I/O> on ppbus0 ad0: 8063MB [16383/16/63] at ata0-master using UDMA33 ad2: 8063MB [16383/16/63] at ata1-master using UDMA33 acd0: CDROM at ata0-slave using PIO4 Mounting root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a swapon: adding /dev/ad0s1b as swap device Automatic boot in progress... /dev/ad0s1a: FILESYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS /dev/ad0s1a: clean, 48752 free (552 frags, 6025 blocks, 0.9% fragmentation) /dev/ad0s1f: FILESYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS /dev/ad0s1f: clean, 128997 free (21 frags, 16122 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation) /dev/ad0s1g: FILESYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS /dev/ad0s1g: clean, 3036299 free (43175 frags, 374073 blocks, 1.3% fragmentation) /dev/ad0s1e: filesystem CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS /dev/ad0s1e: clean, 128193 free (17 frags, 16022 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation)

86

2.

 

FreeBSD

Doing initial network setup: hostname. ed0: flags=8843 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.0.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255 inet6 fe80::5054::5ff::fede:731b%ed0 prefixlen 64 tentative scopeid 0x1 ether 52:54:05:de:73:1b lo0: flags=8049 mtu 16384 inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x8 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 Additional routing options: IP gateway=YES TCP keepalive=YES routing daemons:. additional daemons: syslogd. Doing additional network setup:. Starting final network daemons: creating ssh RSA host key Generating public/private rsa1 key pair. Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key. Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub. The key fingerprint is: cd:76:89:16:69:0e:d0:6e:f8:66:d0:07:26:3c:7e:2d [email protected] creating ssh DSA host key Generating public/private dsa key pair. Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key. Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub. The key fingerprint is: f9:a1:a9:47:c4:ad:f9:8d:52:b8:b8:ff:8c:ad:2d:e6 [email protected]. setting ELF ldconfig path: /usr/lib /usr/lib/compat /usr/X11R6/lib /usr/local/lib a.out ldconfig path: /usr/lib/aout /usr/lib/compat/aout /usr/X11R6/lib/aout starting standard daemons: inetd cron sshd usbd sendmail. Initial rc.i386 initialization:. rc.i386 configuring syscons: blank_time screensaver moused. Additional ABI support: linux. Local package initialization:. Additional TCP options:. FreeBSD/i386 (k6-2.example.com) (ttyv0) login: rpratt Password:

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, base (ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/5.2.1-RELEASE/base/).

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% ps

PID 298 7078 37393 48630 48730 72210 390 7059 6688 10735 20256 262 270 280 284 285

TT p0 p0 p0 p0 p0 p0 p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 v0 v0 v0 v0 v0

STAT Ss S I S IW R+ Is Is+ IWs IWs IWs IWs IW+ IW+ IW S

TIME 0:01.10 2:40.88 0:03.11 2:50.89 0:00.00 0:00.00 0:01.14 1:36.18 0:00.00 0:00.00 0:00.00 0:00.00 0:00.00 0:00.00 0:00.00 0:38.45

COMMAND tcsh xemacs mdoc.xsl (xemacs-21.1.14) xemacs freebsd.dsl (xemacs-21.1.14) /usr/local/lib/netscape-linux/navigator-linux-4.77.bi (dns helper) (navigator-linux-) ps tcsh /usr/local/bin/mutt -y tcsh tcsh tcsh -tcsh (tcsh) /bin/sh /usr/X11R6/bin/startx -- -bpp 16 xinit /home/nik/.xinitrc -- -bpp 16 /bin/sh /home/nik/.xinitrc /usr/X11R6/bin/sawfish

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ttyv8 "/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon" xterm off secure

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157

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# pkg_add -r gqview

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E tGFDFLKJKHE O HL LKJ HeEZD;G  !"$# Moses Moore.  >%"*"$#o#X2 FreeBSD 5.X Marc Fonvieille.

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~kTU5TS]!` , R>Q5U5TS?T_?Y5]!T)nuRS?T_1`[-\!aFTVw;b1\>U5]!h , Q5U5R/}5TVdVdR/U , b5R/]!R>U5htwFR>g1\Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$T] , Y Y5g5]!TVU v Tw1dsb1\>U5]!h : PCI YX_1Y ISA. FreeBSD Q5R!S5S?TU5Wv Y1[/\!TV]nug5R>WTd]![/RU1\>fg5h)i PCI Y ISA b?\!U5] . )s[>TU1`>]!Td`edR dQ5Y1db5R/nKQ1RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>TVnuh)i;\!j/S?Y1RjXd]!U1R>w1d]![e[+*kg R>U?n7\!}5Y5YFR>^R/^>R>U1j>S*R>[/\>g5Y5Y (http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/5.2.1R/hardware.html), c1]!R>^/hxQ5U5R>[/TU5Y1]!` , Q1RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>T]>dm3_1YF[-\!a%\tb1\!U1]>\ . † ]!R>]S?R>b5jXnuTVg5]]>\>bXWZTydRS?TVUXWZY5]Y1g v R>U1n7\>}5Y5 R]!R-n , b1\>b5R>w3S?U1\!w1[>TUFQ5RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>T][-\!a<jeb1\>U5]!j . , _5m;]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hxY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`fV[>j$b5R/[>j$ƒb1\>U5]!j , [>h S*R!_5WZg5htw;f\!{VU5j$fY5]!`ldR/R>]![/T]>d]![>j$€R>{RlnuR!WZg5RS?R/d]!Y5{g1j-]>`S?[/jXn+m;Q5j$]m1nuY . ~kU1R/d]>Tw5aR/]![>TV]>d]>[>j$€aFTVw3b1\!U5]>TynuR!S?j-_1`m$S?U?\Y1dQ5R!_?`>fj-m kldload(8), c5]!RknuR!WZg5RldžS?T_?\!]>`YX_1Yg$S?g5R/w d]!U5R/b5Y : # kldload snd_emu10k1

YX_1Y3S*R>^/\>[!_1TVg5Y5TnPdR>R/]![>TV]>d]![/j$€FTVwFd]>U5R>b5YwX_1j

/boot/loader.conf:

snd_emu10k1_load="YES"

† ]!YFQ5U1Y1nuTU5hŠQ5U5Y5[/ToS?TVg5h S1_5mj$b5R/[>R/w3b1\!U5]>h Creative SoundBlaster® Live!. , U1j-{VY5TzY?nuT€[fV[>j$b5R>[/h)ilb?\!U5]!hŠQ5U5Y5[/ToS?TVg5hx[ /boot/defaults/loader.conf -zd_1YF[/hxg5Tsj$[/TU5TVg5h , b1\>b5R>w S?U1\!w1[>TUFY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!` , Q1R>Q5U5R/^>j$w5]!TsfV\>{U5j$fY1]!` snd_driver:

# kldload snd_driver

† ]!RenuTV]>\ -S?U1\>w5[>TVU , fV\>{U5j-W \!e€FY5wFdU1\!fVjk[/dTsg1\!Y1^>R!_?TTzU?\>dQ1U5R/d]!U1\!g1Tg5g5htT‚S?U1\>w5[>TVU5hƒdU1\>fj . r]>ReQ5R/[>hta%\!T] db5R/U5R/d]!`Q5R/Y1db?\Q5U1\>[>YX_?`>g5R/{RyS?U1\>w5[>TVU1\ . …sR/fVnuR>Wg?\t]>\!b5WTyfV\>{U5j$fVb1\[/dTikf[/j-b1R>[>h)ieS?U1\>w5[>TVU5R>[c5TU5TVf

/boot/loader.conf.

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FreeBSD 4.X  1032

snd_driver.

U5j${R>w;dQ5R/dR>^efV\!b5_1c1\>T]>dm;[tS?R/^/\>[!_1TVg5Y5YFd]>\!]!Y1c5TVdb5R>{VRtS?U1\>w5[>TVU1\t[em$S?U5R . … U?\!foS*T_1Tyg5YXWZTzS*\!g1\^>R>_1TT Q5RS?U1R>^>g?\m3Y5g v vR/U1n7\!}5Y5m;R]!R-n , c5]!Rl[/\/nKg5j-WZg5RldoS?T_*\!]!`S1_5m3S?R/^/\![>_1Tg1YXm3Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5Y^>R/U5j/S?R>[-\!g5Y5m . ;yR>_1TT Q5RS?U1R>^>g1RRb5R/g Y5{Vj-U?\!}5YXm3m$S*U1\R/Q5Y1d\>g1\[l‡'_ . 8.

7.2.1.1. 5@A:BDCEF= >1B:G:>5@?H1IKJLJ:BLMNB OKP#AK=>RQ:BKPSPTI?A:UVEFBDCXWH1YKEF=

v~kT\!U5wX[/_FR>b1T R>, gc1v]!ReY5g1{Vj$TR>U1^>\!iX}5RY1S?Y3Y1m$nuS?ReU1dž\eS?doT_1_?T\!S?]!j$` , r€F]!j$R S?R>d^-]!\!U1[/R>Y5b5]!j `: [em$S?U5ReR>^>€j$b5R>[/R>wlS?U?\!w5[/TU

sound(4).

,

R>^-\![/`>]!T‚[

device sound

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FreeBSD 4.X,

[/\>nKg1TR>^>iXRS?Y1nuRY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`d_1ToS?j$e€Fj$ d]!U5R/b5j :

device pcm

179

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Ž'\!]!TnKg5TR/^!iXRS*Y1nuRtS?R/^/\>[>Y5]!`Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5jkY1nuTV€FTVw1domj$b5R/[>R/w3b1\!U5]>h . )z_1ToS*R>[/\>]!T_?`>g5R , g1j/WZg5Rlfg?\!]!` b1\!b5v R/wkS?U1\>w5[>TVU;Q5R!S5S?TU5WY1[/\!TV]b1\>U5]!j . , _5m;rV]!R>{VRed[>TU1`>]!Td`edRedQ1Y1db5R-nKQ5RS1S?TUXWZY5[-\!Tnuh)ikjXd]!U5R>w?d]![lY5f *kg R>U1n7\>}5Y5Y;R/^R>^/R>U5j/S?R/[/\>g5Y5Y (http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/5.2.1R/hardware.html). „3\!Q5U5Y?nuTU , f[>j$b5R/[/\!mlb1\>U5]>\ Creative SoundBlaster Live! Q5RS1S?TUXWZY5[-\!TV]>domkS?U?\!w5[/TU5R-n snd_emu10k1(4). , _5mkS?R/^/\>[!_1TVg5YXm Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5YU5]!h , Y1dQ5R!_?`>fj$w5]>T : device snd_emu10k1

k~ U5R>c5]>Y5]!Tsd]!U1\>g5Y5}5j;dQ5U1\![/R>c5g1Y5b1\yS?U?\!w5[/TU1\ , c5]!R>^/hxj$fg1\>]!` , b1\>b5v R>wFdY5g5]>\>b1v dY?dzY1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>]!` . *kg v R/U1n7\!}5Y5m , R>]!g5R-dom5€%\m1dom3b%dY5v g5]/\!b1dY1dj3[/bX_1c1Tg5YXmj$b5R/[>h)iS?U1\!w1[>TU1R>[[ \!wX_g Y1{j$U1\!}1Y5Y3m$S?U1\ , nuR!WZT]e^>ht]!` ]>\!bXWZTyg1\!wXS?Tg1\[ \>wX_1T (/usr/src/sys/i386/conf/LINT S1_5v m FreeBSD 4.X). „kT -PnP ISA b1\>U5]!hŠnuR/† {j$]Q5R/]!v U5TV^>R>[-\!]!`[>bX_1ec5Tg1YXm;[m$S*U5RY5g R>U1n7\>}5Y5Y;vRlg1\>d]!U5R/w5b1\i3fV[>j$b5R>[/R>wkb1\>U5]!h (IRQ, I/O port, Y;] .S .). ]/\Y5g R/U1n7\!}1YXm3S?R/^/\![>_5m5T]/dom3U5ToS\!b5]!Y1U5R>[-\!g5Y5Tn \!wX_*\ /boot/device.hints. …yR v [>U5Tn+m;fV\!{VU5j$fb5Yc5]!TV]rV]!R>] \!wX_FYd]!U5R/w5b5Y;m$S*U5j . „3\!Q5U5Y?nuTU , d]>\>U1\m ISA g5T -PnP b1v \!U5]/\ Creative SoundBlaster 16 Y?dQ5R>_1`>fVj-TV])S?U1\>w5[>TVU snd_sbc(4) dRedo_?ToS?j$€w , S?R>^-\![!_?Tg5g5R/w3b \!wX_1jkg1\/d]!U1R>w5b5Y;m$S?U1\ : device sbc

Y}5Y5TwU5]e[>[/RS*\ -[>ht[/RS*\ 0x220 Y IRQ 5. )sY5g5]>\>b1dY1d , Y1dQ5R!_1`/fj$TVnuhtwF[ \>wX_1T /boot/device.hints, R>Q5Y1v dV\!g;[ldQ5U?\!v [>R/c5g5R/wFd]!U1\>g5Y5}5TzS?U1\>w5[>TVU1\ . … FreeBSD 4.X rV]!Y%g1\>d]!U5R>w1b5Y;fV\>Q5Y1dht[/\!e]>dom;g1TQ5R-dU5TS*d]![/Tg5g1R[ \>wX_Fb5R/g Y5{Vj-U?\!}5Y5Y;m$S?U1\ . …xdo_1j$c1\>T ISA b1\!U5]>hƒY1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T]>dm;]>\!b?\mFd]>U5R>b1\ : device sbc0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15

d]/\!g5R/[>b5Y , Q5U5Y5[/ToS?TVg5g5htTz[/htaFT , Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$]>dm;Q5RejXnuR>_1c1\!g1Y5 . … g1Tb5R/]!R>U5h)i;d_1j$c1\mXi3[/\/n‰nuR!WZT] 5Q R>]!U1T^>R/[/\>]!`/dmlv Y5fnuTg5Y1]!` IRQ YX_1YFS?U5j${VY5Tzg1\/d]!U1R>w5b5YR>]>[>T]/d]![/Y5YFdsg1\>d]!U5R>w1b1\>nuY;b?\!U5]!h . Ž'\^/R!_1TVT Q5RS?U1R>^>g1R>w3Y5g R/U1n7\!}1Y5Tw;R/^>U1\>]!Y5]!Td`ebU1\!g5Y1}5TydQ5U1\>[>R>c1g5Y5b1\ snd_sbc(4). . ’!‘¶“ ’ “ š Vš¦—£V›¶– š l¦š¦—=œ £ /µes›?™—£VœšV˜¦Ÿ± •! /™—žŸ 2V Ÿ˜2>>µl˜o™œ—!/µ›7F4 Ÿ— : / FreeBSD 4.X £V2˜ V!— /œ–*£‚ • V—=œ£¦;¢ >ž™— ‚*š /£¥ >Ÿ±z¡7£Vµyš¦—=œ /˜ eu³)™!µ // £ ™š¦—=œ /µ!;˜ #0 1œ™ : options PNPBIOS


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k~ R/do_?T‚Q5TU1TfV\>{U5j$fVb5Y[-\!g5g5R/{R)m$S?U?\ , YX_?YFQ5R-do_1TyfV\>{U5j$fb1Y;g5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuR>{RnuR!S?j-_5m , fV[>j$b5R>[-\m b1\!U5]/\)S?R>_5WZg1\Q1R!m5[>Y1]!`/dmk[l^>j TVU5TzdY?d]!Tnug5h)iFdR/R>^>€\>b :

7.2.2.

180

7.
pcm0: port 0xdc80-0xdcbf,0xd800-0xd8ff irq 5 at device 31.5 on pci0 pcm0: [GIANT-LOCKED] pcm0:

s]>\!]!jXdsf[/j-b1R>[>R/wkb1\!U5]>hŠnuR!WZT]e^>ht]eQ5U5R>[/TU5TVg;c5TVU5Tf v \!wX_ )

/dev/sndstat:

# cat /dev/sndstat

FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm) Installed devices: pcm0: at io 0xd800, 0xdc80 irq 5 bufsz 16384 kld snd_ich (1p/2r/0v channels duplex default)

…sht[/RSFrV]!R>wg$S?hS1_5mWTV]eR/]_1Y5c?\!]!`-dom . -zd_1YFjXd]>U5R>w1d]![/\ pcm g5TyQ5R!m5[/YX_1Y1d` , [>TU1g5Y5]!Td`g?\!fV\S[/TU5`/]!Tz[/htQ5R!_1g1Tg5g5htT‚S?Tw?d]![/YXm . ~kU5R/[>TU1`>]!T v \>wX_Fg1\/d]!U1R>w5b5Y;m$S?U1\eT€FTsU1\!fsY j-^/ToS?Y1]!TVd` , c5]!Rl[>ht^/U1\!g1RQ5RS?i$R!S1m5€FTVTzjXd]>U5R>w1d]![>R . 3\>d]!R[/d]!U5TVc1\!e€FY5TdomFQ5U1R>^!_?TVnuhxQ5U5Y1[>ToS*Tg5hx[ \!fS . 7.2.2.1. -zdo_1Yj$b5R/[/\mkb1\>U5]>\efV\!U?\!^>R/]>\!TV] . -zdo_?Y CD-ROM YX_1Y DVD-ROM Q5U1Y5[>R!S%Q5U1\>[>YX_?`>g5R Q5RS?b5_1c VgFbj$b5R/[>R/wlb?\!U5]!T , [/hƒnuR!WZT]!Ty[/d]>\![/Y5]!` CD [Q5U5Y1[>RSY;[>R-dQ5U1R>Y5fV[>TVd]!Y;TV{RQ1U5YFQ5R-nuR>€Q5U5Y1nuTVU audio/workman nuR!WZT]eQ5U5ToS*R/d]/\![>Y1]!`^/R!_1TVT7S?U5j-WZTVd]![>TVg5g5htw Q5v R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_1ƒY1g5]!TU Tw1d . …yhƒnuR!WZT]>Ts]>\>bXWZTsjXd]>\!g5R/[>Y5]>`Q5U5Y5_1R!WZTg1YXm3S1_5mFQ1U5R/d_1j$aFY5[-\!g5YXm3fV[>j$b5R>[/h)i \!wX_1R/[ MP3, b?\!b;g1\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU audio/mpg123. ;yhd]!U1hnŒdQ5R-dR/^>R/nP]!Td]!Y1U5R>[-\!g5YXmj$b5R/[>R/wlb?\!U5]!hƒm5[!_5m5TV]>dom R>]!Q5U?\![>b?\yS*\!g1g5h)i;[ v \>wX_ /dev/dsp, b1\!b /dev/dsp

{oS?T filename nuR>WZT]^/ht]!`_?^>hn v \!wX_1R-n . TVfj-_1`>]/\!]!R-nK[>htQ5R>_1g5Tg1YXm;r]!R/wFb5R-n7\!g$S?h‹d]>\>g5T]eaFjXn , b5R>]!R/U5htw;R/fg1\>c1\!TV] , c5]!Rlf[/j$b5R>[-\mkb1\!U5]/\g1\ed\/nuR/npS?T_1TsU?\!^>R/]>\!TV] . . ’!‘¶“ ’ “ ”   2*/¦™—*£ 10X› FreeBSD 4.X • —=œ£¦¢Ÿ£¦—š 0lš  2¥ -™— +Ÿš¦—=œ>µš¥—=ž™ 2¥Ÿ˜/*/µl˜ž™!œ—=– •£Vœ£¥ e—£V› , ˜ž™!˜+£ž£ :B VšV•  7 2>ž™—  . >*š e ¢VŸ³y£Vœ£‚š Vš¦—£V › L– 7)š ¢-¡u£ !µk˜o™œ—™• 60X  /™š s˜ž™!˜ , ¦™A› *£ 6¢ 7 B  !7› 3V–A•  — JV— *š /£¥ >Ÿ±z¡7£ž£ :




pcm0

root

# cd /dev # sh MAKEDEV snd0

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pcm1

snd0

snd1

MAKEDEV

5U R/[>g5Y;{VU5R/nub1R/d]>YFf[/j$b1\nuR>{Vj$]^>ht]>`Y5fnuTg5TVg5hƒb5R-n7\!g$S?R/w g1\iXRS*Y5]>dom;g?\d]>U1\!g5Y1}5TydQ5U1\>[>R>c1g5R>wFdY1d]>TVnuh mixer(8).

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mixer(8). ;

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unsupported subdevice XX sb_dspwr(XX) timed out bad irq XX xxx: gus pcm not attached, out of memory xxx: can’t open /dev/dsp!



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 !"$# Munish Chopra. , R/d]/\!]!R/c5g5Rc1\/d]!Re[/d]!U5Tc?\!T]/domFg5TVR>^>i$R!S?Y1nuR-d]!`Y?nuT]!`lg5TVdb5R!_?`>b5ReY1d]!R/c5g5Y5b1R>[fV[>j$b1\ , b1R>]!R/U5htT7S?R>_5WZg5h [>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/RS?Y5]>`tRS?g5R/[>U5TnuTg5g1R , g1\>Q5U5Y1nuTVUFb5R/{oS*\ esound Y5_1Y artsd g1TzQ5R!S5S?TU5WY1[/\!e]edR>[/nuTd]!g1R>T Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!g5Y5T7fV[>j$b5R/[>R>{VRtjXd]!U5R/w1d]>[/\dsg5TVb5R>]!R/U5hn‰Q5U1YX_1R!WZTVg5Y5TVn . "(? 6 34!,/.>6 Z./(*#* , b1R>]!R/U5htTsnuR/{j$]^/h)]>` FreeBSD Q1R>f[/R!_5m5TV]yS?T_*\!]!`lr]!ReQ5U5Yd]!U5R>TVg5hƒdsQ5R/nuR/€F`> sysctl(8). …yY5U5]!jX\_?`>g5htTsb1\!g1\!_1hxQ5R/f[>R>_5m5][/\>n‰nuj-_1`/]!Y5QX_?Tb1dY5U5R>[-\!]!`eb1\!g?\_1h [>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/ToS?TVg5YXm3f[/j-b1R>[>R/wkb1\!U5]>h , dnuTVaFY5[-\m;fV[>j$b;[m$S*U5T . , _5m;jXd]>\>g5R>[/b5Y;b5R>_1Y5c5Td]![-\[>Y1U5]!jX\_1`/g5h)i3b1\!g?\_1R/[[>hƒnuR>WTV]!TyY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`yS?[/TsQ1TU5TnuTg5g5htT sysctl, b5R>]!R/U5htT , TVdo_?YF[>hxQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!T_1` root, nuR>{Vj$]^>ht]>`jXd]>\>g5R>[>_1Tg1hx]>\!b5Y?n‰R>^/U1\!fVR/n : # sysctl hw.snd.pcm0.vchans=4 # sysctl hw.snd.maxautovchans=4

… rV]!R/nŒQ5U5Y1nuTVU5T)[>hyS?T_5m5]>dm;c5T]>htU5T)[>Y5U5]>j$\!_1`>g1h)ilb1\>g1\_*\ , c5TV{R[/Q5R!_?g5T7S?R-d]>\>]!R>c1g5RtS1_1mFQ5R>[-dTS?g5T[/g5R>{VR Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!g5YXm . hw.snd.pcm0.vchans rV]!Rb1R!_1Y5c1TVd]>[>R[/Y5U5]!jX\!_1`>g5h)i3b1\>g1\_?R>[jXd]>U5R>w1d]![/\ pcm0, R/g5R nuR!WZT]e^>ht]!`ej$d]>\!g1R>[!_?Tg5RdU1\!fVjlWT , b1\>b;]!R>_1`>b5RejXd]!U5R/w1d]>[>R^/h)_1RQ5R!S?bX_1ec5Tg1R . hw.snd.maxautovchans r]!Reb5R!_1Y1c5TVd]![>Re[>Y5U5]>j$\!_1`>g1h)ikb?\!g1\!_1R>[ , b5R>]!R/U5htTz[/hyS?T_1m5]>dmFg5R>[/R/nuj3\!j/S?Y5R/jXd]!U5R/w1d]>[>j , b5R>{S*\R/g5R Q5RS?b5_1c1\>T]>dmFQ5U5YbFnuRS?j-_1` pcm nuR>WZT]l^>ht]!`efV\!{VU5j-WZTg;g5TVfV\>[>Y1dY1nuRR>] \!Q5Q1\>U1\!]>g5h)ilS?U1\!w1[>TU1R>[ , hw.snd.maxautovchans nuR>WZT]j$b1\>fht[-\!]!`b1R!_1Y5c1TVd]>[>R[/Y5U5]!jX\!_1`>g5h)i3b1\>g1\_?R>[ S1_5m;_1e^>h)i3jXd]!U1R>w1d]![ , b1R>]!R/U5htTs^/j/S?j$]Q5RS*bX_1c1Tg5hƒQ1R>fWZT . -zdo_1Yhxg5TyY1dQ5R!_1`/fj$T]>T devfs(5), g5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuR^>j/S?TV]j$b1\!f\!]!`Q5U5YX_1R>WZTg5YXm1n /dev/dsp0.x, {S?T x r]!Rec5Y1do_?R R>] 0 S?R 3, TVd_1Y hw.snd.pcm0.vchans j$d]>\!g1R>[!_?Tg5R[efg1\>c5Tg1Y5T 4. , _5md]!U5R>w1b5Y;^>j/S?j$]ldžS?T_?\!g5hƒ\>[>]!R-n7\!]!Y1c5TVdb5Y;Q5U5R/fU1\>c5g5RS1_5mFQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_5m . 7.2.4. %S    

 T $ 9"S #&X 9"   T  mixer

 !"$# Josef El-Rayes. Žg1\!c1Tg5YXm3Q5RejXnuR!_1c1\>g5Y5ƒS1_5m;U1\>f_1Y5c1g5h)i3b1\!g1\!_1R>[

mixer

WZTVd]>b5RQ5U1R>Q5Y1dV\!g5hx[eY1doiXR!S?g5h)ik]!Tb1d]>\ilS?U?\!w5[/TU1\ 182

7.


sj$€[>j$T]nug1R!WZTVd]![>RlU1\!f_1Y5c5g1h)ikQ1U5YX_1R>WTVg5Y5wTVnuR>g1R>[ , b5R/]!R>U1htTzQ5R/f[>R>_5m5]j$d]>\!g?\![!_?Y5[/\>]!` fg1\>c5Tg5Y5mkS1_5m mixer, b5R/]!R>U5htTsR>g5YQ5R/nuY5g?\!]YF[>hd]>\![>_5m5]b1\W%S?htwT‚U1TaFTVg5Y5T , g1\>nŒg5j-Wg1hƒfg1\>c5Tg1YXm;Q5Rlj$nuR>_1c1\>g5Y5Šg?\j$U5R/[>g5TuS?U?\!w5[/TU1\ . eg5YFnuR/{j$]^/ht]!` j$d]>\!g1R>[!_?Tg5h Q5j$]!TnŒj$b1\!f\!g5Y5m;[ /boot/device.hints. „3\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU :

pcm(4). )

hint.pcm.0.vol="100"

d]/\!g5R/[>Y5]fVg1\!c1Tg5Y5TzS1_5mj/S?T]fV\!{VU5j-WZTg nuRS?j-_1` pcm(4). . ’!‘¶“’“ :  ˜2 FreeBSD 5.3 y¢ /£ž£7šV¦£¥¤.£yœ£' 7 2V–p•V > -£Vœo¤!¦™!±A—
¦—žŸ* 2V›7V¤.=š¥— . 

H MP3 !"$# Chern Lee. MP3 (MPEG Layer 3 Audio) S*R/d]>Y5{V\>T]b1\>c5TVd]![/\f[/j-b?\ , ^!_1Y1fb5R/{Rb Y1n‰g1\[/\!aR/c5Tw;d]>\!g1}5Y5Y .

7.3.



7.3.1.   "K (

CD,

YFg5TV]eQ1U5Y5c5Y5gR/dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>]!`/dm

 %$  " MP3

3„ \)S*\>g5g5htwFnuR-nuTg5]lg1\!Y1^>R!_?TT‚Q5R/Q5j-_5m5U5g5hn MP3-Q1U5R>Y5{VU5ht[/\>]!T_?TVn S1_5m XFree86 m5[!_1m5T]>dm XMMS (X sb5Y1g5hƒQ5U5Y5_1R!WZTg1YXm WinAMP nuR>{j$]e^>ht]!`eY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!g5h S1_5m XMMS ]>\>bFb1\>b {U1\ v Y5c5TVdb5Y5w;Y1g5]!TU v Tw1dsQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>]!T_5m3Q5U?\!b5]!Y1c5TVdb5YFY$S*Tg5]!Y1c5Tg%Y5g5]!TVU v Tw?djkQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nuh WinAMP R>] Nullsoft. XMMS Q5RS1S?TUXWZY5[-\!TV]]>\!b5WT)dR/^/d]![>TVg5g5htTzU?\>daU5]>\eYX_1Y\ multimedia/xmms. v v *kg5]!TU Tw1d XMMS Y5g1]!j$Y5]!Y5[/g5ReQ1R>gXm5]!TVgFYbX_1ec1\!TV][kdT^>mFdQ5Y?dR>bFQ5TVdTg , {VU1\ Y1c5TVdb5Y5wFrVb5[/\!_?\!w1fTU3Y nug5R>{VR>T7S*U5j${R>T . qyT , b1]!RefVg1\!b1R/n‰d WinAMP g1\!w$S*j-] XMMS R>c5TVg5`Q5U1R/d]>hn‰[Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5Y5Y . ~kR>U5] audio/mpg123 m5[!_1m5T]>dmF\_1`/]!TU5g?\!]!Y5[/R>w , rV]!R MP3-Q1U5R>Y5{VU5ht[/\>]!v T_?`yS1_5mFb5R-n7\!g$S*g5R>wFd]!U5R/b5Y . mpg123 nuR!WZT]e^>ht]!`efV\!Q1j-€[/R>{RtjXd]!U5R>w?d]![-\Y \>wX_?\ MP3 [eb5R-n7\!g$S*g5R>wFd]!U5R/b5Tsb?\!b Q5R>b1\>fV\>g5Rg5YXWZT : Multimedia System). )

# mpg123 -a /dev/dsp1.0 Foobar-GreatestHits.mp3

High Performance MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Audio Player for Layer 1, 2 and 3. Version 0.59r (1999/Jun/15). Written and copyrights by Michael Hipp. Uses code from various people. See ’README’ for more! THIS SOFTWARE COMES WITH ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY! USE AT YOUR OWN RISK!

Playing MPEG stream from Foobar-GreatestHits.mp3 ... MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo /dev/dsp1.0

S?R>_5WZg5R^/ht]!`f\>nuTVg5Tg5RldR/R>]![/T]>d]![>j$€w1d]![>R-n

dsp

S1_5mYX_1j$c5aht^/R>U5R-nPQ5U5R>{VU1\>n7nuhxS1_5mfoS\!g5YXm mp3 m5[!_5m5TV]>dom lame. Lame g1\iXRS*Y5]>dom;[S?TU1T[>TsQ5R>U1]!R>[e[ev Q5R!S?b1\>]>\_1R/{T audio/lame. *3dQ5R>_1`>fVj/m;db5R>Q5Y1U5R>[-\!g5g5htT \!wX_1h WAV do_1TS?j$€%\m;b5R-n7\!g$S*\Q5U5TVR>^>U?\!fj$TV] audio01.wav [ audio01.mp3:

# lame -h -b 128 \ --tt "Foo Song Title" \ --ta "FooBar Artist" \ --tl "FooBar Album" \ --ty "2001" \ --tc "Ripped and encoded by Foo" \ --tg "Genre" \ audio01.wav audio01.mp3

3\>d]>R>]>\ 128 b1YX_1R>^/Y5]tm5[>_5m5T]>dmU5]!R-n "S*T v \!b1]!R " S1_5m MP3. ˆ‰g5R/{Y5T , RS*g1\!b5R , Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$]^/R!_1TVT [>hdR/b5Y5T‚c?\>d]>R>]!h S?_5mFQ5R>_1j$c5Tg5Y5m;_1j$c5aFTV{Reb1\!c5Td]![-\ , 160 YX_1Y 192 b5YX_1R/^>Y5]>\ . kTVnK[/htaFTzc?\>d]>R>]>\ , ]!TVn ^>R!_?`>aFT7S?Y1db1R>[>R/{RQ1U5R/d]!U1\!g?d]![-\^>j/S?TV]fV\>g5Y1n7\>]!`eQ1R!_1j$c1\>TVnuhtw MP3, g5Rb1\>c5TVd]![>Re^>j/S?TV][>htanuT]>U 184

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[>bX_1ec1\!TV]U5TWZY1n “_?j-c1aFTTyb1\>c5TVd]![>R , g5RenuTVg5`>aU5R-d]!` ”. ~3\!U1\/nuT]!U5h , g?\!c5Y5g?\!€U5htTyR>^/htc5g5RdRS?TVUXW \!]Y1g v R>U1n7\>}5Y5 RQ5Tdg5T , [>b5_1c1\>TVnuj$Š[ v \!wX_ MP3. S?R>Q5R>_1g5Y5]>T_1`/g5h)i3g1\>d]!U5R>w1b1\i3Q5U5TVR>^/U1\!fVR>[/\>g5YXm3nuR!WZg5Rej-fVg1\!]>` , Q5U1R>c5Y5]>\>[ed]!U1\!g1Y5}5j3U5j$b5R/[>RSd]![-\ lame.

-h

$#  V" T 9"$ MP3

5_ m;]!R>{VR , c1v ]!R>^/hxfV\!Q1Y1d\>]!|`enuj$fhtb?\_1`/g5htw CD Y5f v \!wX_?R>[ MP3, R>g5Y;S?R!_5WZg5hx^/ht]!`Q1U5TR/^>U1\>fR>[-\!g5h[ v g5v TVdWZ\>]!htw R/U1n7\!] WAV. \!b XMMS, ]>\>bFY mpg123 Q5RS5S*TUXWZY5[-\!]e[>ht[/RS MP3 [eU1\>dQ1\!b5R/[/\>g5g5htw R>U?n7\!] \!wX_1R/[ . Ž'\!Q5Y?d`g1\S?Y1dbF[ XMMS: 1. Ž'\>Q5jXd]!Y1]!T XMMS: 2. „3\!WZnuY1]!TsQ1U1\![/R>w;b5g1R>Q5b5R/wFnuhtaFY{VR , c1]!R>^/hxQ5R>b1\>fV\>]!`nuTg1 . 3. …yht^>TVU5Y5]!T Preferences (_?Y5^> R
    , TVdo_?YFj3[/\/du_1R/b1\_1Y1fR>[-\!g5g?\m3[>TVU1dYXm XMMS) [ Options. 4. *kfnuTg5Y5]>TsU1\/daR!S*\)g1\ “Disk Writer Plugin” (Y5_1Y “ \>daFY5U1Tg5Y5TsfV\>Q5Y1dYb1\!_1Y5fR/[/\>g5g1\mk[>TVU1dY5m XMMS). 5. „3\!WZnuY1]!T Configure (YX_1Y “„3\/d]!U5R/w5b1\ ”, Tdo_1Y<jk[/\>d‚_1R>b?\_1Y5fVR>[-\!g5g1\!ml[/TU1dYXm XMMS). 6. …y[>TS?Y5]!T (YX_1Y;[/ht^>TU1Y5]!TyQ5U5YFQ1R/nuR>€^/fR/U1\ ) b?\!]>\!_1R>{ , [b5R/]!R>U5htw%do_1TS?j$T]ldR!iXU1\>gXm5]!`U?\>dQ?\!b5R/[/\!g1g5htT v \>wX_1h . v 7. Ž'\>{U5j$fVY5]!T \>wX_ MP3 [ XMMS b1\>b;[>hxrV]!RS*T_?\>T]!TsR>^>htc1g5R . d]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!Ts{U5R-nub5R/d]!`g1\ 100% Y R/]!bX_1ec5Y5]!T)rVb5[/\!_?\!w5fVTU . T       — XMMS ^>j/S?TV][/ht{_5m$S?TV]!`]/\!b;WZTsb1\!bY1f[>TS?Tg1Y5Y 8. „3\!WZnuY1]! MP3, g5Rkd\>nuR/wFnuj$fhtb5Y%do_1htaS*T] . „3\ed\>nuR-npS?T_?T MP3 [>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/RS?Y5]/dom3[ \>wX_ . 9. ^>ToS*Y5]!TVd` , c1]!Re[/hxjXd]>\>g5R>[/YX_1Y;U1\/daR!S*\)]>\!b1Y1n , b1\>b;R>g1R^>h)_?RtS?Rer]!R/{R , S1_5mF]!R/{R , c5]!R>^/h dg5R>[-\do_?j-a%\!]!` MP3. Ž'\!Q5Y?d`[ stdout [ mpg123: 1. Ž'\>Q5jXd]!Y1]!T mpg123 -s audio01.mp3 > audio01.pcm v \!w5_F[ v R/U1n7\!]!T WAV, [l]!R[/U5TVn+m^>U?\!fR/[>ht[-\!T] MP3 [lQ5U5R-d]!htT XMMS fV\>Q5Y1dht[/\!TV] \,!j/S?Y5R!S*\!g5g1htT PCM. e^/\ v R>U1n7\>]>\nuR/{j$]^/ht]!`Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5h cdrecord S1_5mfS*\!g5Y5mFnuj-fVhtb1\_?`>g5h)i CD. _5m;Y1dQ1R!_1`/fR>[-v \!g5Y5m burncd(8) [/\/nKQ5R>]>U5T^/j-e]>domhx^>j/S?TV]!T v Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!` \>wX_1hx[ R/v U1n7\!]>T WAV, ]>Ref\>nuT]>Y5]!T)g5T^/R!_1`/aFR/wl€bF[eg1\!c?\_1Tsb1\W%S?R/wF\!j/S?Y5R!S?R>U1R!WZb5Y , r]!R/]€FT_1c5R/b - fV\!{VR!_1R/[>R/b \>wX_?\t[ v R>U?n7\!]!T WAV. …yhxR>c5TVg5`Q5U1R/d]>RenuR!WZTV]!T)Y5f^-\![>Y1]!`/dmkR/]g5TV{ReQ5j$] Vn j>S\_1TVg5YXm;fV\>{R>_1R>[/b1\ WAV Q5U1YFQ5R-nuR>€FYFj-]>YX_1Y5]!h SoX (R/g1\nuR!WZTV]^>ht]>`ejXd]/\!g5R/[!_1TVg1\tY5fyQ5R>U1]>\ audio/sox YX_1YR/]![>TV]>d]![/j$€FTV{RQ?\!b5TV]>\ : 7.3.4. ,






% sox -t wav -r 44100 -s -w -c 2 track.wav track.raw

~kU5R>c5]>Y5]!T \!fS . 16.6 S1_1mF]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hƒj$fg1\>]!`^/R!_1`/aFT‚RefV\!Q1Y1dY


CD

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FreeBSD.

185

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L 
DFLKI%O   I  FI eL !"$# Ross Lippert. …sR-dQ5U1R>Y5fV[>ToS*Tg5Y5Tz[>Y$S?TVRm5[>_5m5T]>dm;R>c5TVg5`g1R>[>R/w;YF^/hd]!U1RU1\>f[>Y1[/\!e€FTVw1dom3R>^>_?\>d]!`>ŠQ5U5Y1nuTVg5Tg5Y5m . ;yj>S*`>]!T ]!TU5Q1T_1Y5[/h . „kTy[/d s^>j/S?TV]U1\!^/R>]>\>]!`]/\!b;^/TVdQ1U5R>^>_1TVnug5R , b1\!bh)_1RedRlf[>j$b5R-n . ~kU5TW%S?T , c5TVnŒ[>hxg1\>c5g ]>T , R/Q5U5ToS*T_1Y5]>TynuR!S?T_1`e[>Y$S*TR>b?\!U5]!hxY]>R>U5htwg1\Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$T] . R/]m Xorg Y XFree86 Q5R!S5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>]enug1R!WZTVd]![>ReU1\!f_1Y5c5, g5h)i3[/Y$S?TR/b1\!U1] , ]!R!_?`>b5ReYXiFn7\_?\!m;c1\>d]!`Q1R>b1\>fht[/\>T] i$R/U5R>a<j$Šdb5R/U5R/d]!`[/R/dQ5U5R>Y1f[>TS?Tg1YXm3[>Y$S?TVR . _1m;]!R>{VR , c5]!R/^>hxQ5R>_1j$c5Y5]!`kdQ1Y1dR/b;U1\>daFY5U1Tg5Y5w , Q5RS5S*TUXWZY5[-\!TVnuh)i X-dTVU5[>TVU5R/n , b5R/]!R>U5htwFY1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$T]>dm;[/\!ab1\>U5]!R>w , Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$w5]!Tyb5R/n7\>g$S?j xdpyinfo(1) [>Re[>U5Tn+mFU1\>^>R>]>h X11. „kTQX_1R>iXR]>\!b5WTyY1nuTV]!`eg1T^>R>_1`>aw v \>wX_ MPEG, b5R/]!R>U1htwF^>hxY?dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\!_?domkb1\>bF]!Td]!R/[>htw v \>wX_3S1_5m Q5U5R>[/TU5b1Y;U1\!f_1Y5c5g1h)ikQ1U5R>Y5{VU5ht[/\>]!T_?Tw;Yd]!U5R>TVb . q)\!b%b1\>b;g5Tb1R>]!R/U5htTsQ5U1R>Y5{VU5ht[/\>]!T_1Y DVD ^>j/S?j$] Y1db1\>]!`g1R/dY1]!T_1` DVD b1\>b /dev/dvd Q5Rej$nuR>_1c1\>g5Y5 YX_1YF^/ht]!`W d]!b5Rlg1\/d]!U5R/Tg5hxg?\g5TV{R , [>R>fnuR!WZg5R ^>j/S?T]Q5R!_1TVfg5RldžS?T_?\!]>`edY?nu[>R!_?Y5c5TVdb5Y5T)ddh)_1b5YFg?\Q5U1\>[>YX_?`>g5htTsj$d]!U5R/w1d]![-\ : 7.4.







# ln -sf /dev/acd0c /dev/dvd # ln -sf /dev/racd0c /dev/rdvd

_5m ,

FreeBSD 5.X,

b5R/]!R>U1\!m;Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T]

devfs(5)

U5Tb5R-nuTg$S*j-TV]>domUFdVdh)_1R/b :

# ln -sf /dev/acd0 /dev/dvd # ln -sf /dev/acd0 /dev/rdvd

e^>U1\>]!Y5]!T‚[/g5Y1n7\>g5Y5T , Q5U5, Y5U5R!S*\ devfs(5) ]>\!b1R>[/\ , c1]!R]>\>b5Y5T)dR/foS*\>g5g5htT‚[/U5j$c5g5j$Šddh)_1b5Y;g1TsdR>iXU1\!gXm5e]>dom;Q1U5Y Q5TU5TVfV\>{U5j$fb1TsdY?d]!Tnuh . _5mF\>[>]!R-n7\!]!Y5c1TVdb1R>{RedR>fS*\!g1YXmFdY1nu[/R!_1Y5c1TVdb1YXi;ddh)_?R>b;Q5U1Yw;f\!{VU5j$fb5T dY1d]!TVnuh S*R>^/\>[>`/]!T‚[ /etc/devfs.conf do_1TS?j$€FY1Tyd]!U5R>b1Y : link acd0 dvd link acd0 rdvd

| U5R/nuTs]!R>{VR , U1\/db5R!S?Y5U5R/[/\>g5Y5T DVD ]!U1T^>j$TV]tS?R-d]!j$Q1\bg1hn v j-g1b5}5YXm1n DVD-ROM, Q1R>r]>R/nuj S?R!_5WZTVg;^>ht]!`S?R-d]!j$Q;g1\efV\>Q5Y1d`)S1_5mFjXd]!U5R>w?d]![ DVD. „kTb5R/]!R>U5htTsY5fzR/^/dj/W%S*\>TVnuh)ikQ5R>U1]!R>[eQ5R!_?\>{V\>]>dm;g1\g?\_1Y5c1Y5Tsg1Tb5R/]!R>U5h)i3Q1\>U1\>nuTV]!U5R/[m$S?U1\tS1_5m Q5U1\![/YX_1`/g5R>w;d^>R>U1b5Y . ~kTVU5ToSTVn , b1\>b^>Y1U1\!]!`Q5R>U5]>h , S?R/^/\![/`>]!Tzr]!YwX_Fb5R/g v Y5{j$U1\>}5Y5Y m$S?U1\ , Q5TU5TdR/^>TU1Y5]!T‚m$S*U5ReYFQ5TU5TVfV\>{U5j$fY1]!TydY1d]>TVnuj :

option CPU_ENABLE_SSE option USER_LDT

. ,

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option USER_LDT

 FreeBSD 5.X £7š¥Ÿ!¡u£žš¦—= Ÿ£¦— .

5_ m;]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hxj/_?j-c1aFY5]!`lU1\>^>R>]>jlU?\!foS*T_5m5TnuR>w;Q1\/n+m5]!Y g5Tb5R/]!R>U1h)ikQ1TU5TnuTg5g5h)i sysctl(8):

X11,

U5TVb5R/nuTVg$S?j$T]>dm;j$[>T_?Y5c5Y5]!`lfg?\!c5TVg5YXm

kern.ipc.shmmax=67108864 kern.ipc.shmall=32768

186

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)sj-€j$T]g5TVdb5R!_1`/b5R[/R>fnuR!WZg5h)ikQ5j$]!Tw]!R/^>U1\!WTVg5YXm;[/Y$S?TReQ5RS X11. k]!ReY1nuTg1g5Re^/j/S?T] S?Tw1d]![>Y1]!T_1`/g5RU?\!^>R/]>\!]>` , [>Rlnug5R>{VR/n‰f\![/Y1dY5]R>]e\>Q5Q1\>U1\!]!g1R>{RR>^>TdQ5TVc5Tg5Y5m . | \W%S?htw;Y5fyR>Q1Y1d\>g5g5h)i nuT]!R!S?R>[e^>j/S?T]U1\!^/R>]>\>]!`edzU1\!f_1Y5c5g5hnŒb1\!c5Td]![/R/n‰g?\U1\>fg5R-n‰\!Q5Q1\>U1\!]>g5R/nKR/^>TVdQ5Tc1Tg5Y5Y . …sR -[/]!R>U1h)i , [>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/ToS?TVg5Y5T‚[/Y$S?TRe[ X11, r]!Rl]!TVn7\ , b5R/]!R>U1R>w;j/S?T_5m5T]>dm3S?R-d]>\>]!R>c5g1Renug5R/{R[/g5Y1n7\>g5YXm;Q5R-do_1TS?g5TT [>U5Tn+m , YR>w3[/TU1dY5Tw Xorg YX_?Y XFree86v nuR>{Vj-]eg1\!^>_1tS\!]!`-dom3fg1\>c5Y5]!T_1`>g1htTsj-_1j$c5aY5^>R>_1TTsc1\>d]!RY1dQ5R!_?`>fj$Tnuh)il[/Y$S?TR/Y5g5]!TVU Tw?dR>[ : 1. X11: R>^>htc1g5htw;[>ht[/RS X11 dzY1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5Y5TVnpU1\>foS?T_5m5TVnuR/wFQ1\/n+m5]!Y . v 2. XVideo: U?\>da]!R/U5R>TsQ5RS1S?TUXWZY5[-\!TV][>Y$S*TR[_1^/R/n‰R/ ^
¶TVb5]!T X11. 3. SDL: the Simple Directmedia Layer. v Y1b5Y . , / R  d ! ] $ j k Q 1 S 5 _ < m A ‡ 1 U \ 4. DGA: the Direct Graphics Access — ~kUXm1nuR>w v 5. SVGAlib: g5Y1fb5R/j-U1R>[>g1T[>htwlS*R/d]>j-Qg1dR!_1Y .

7.4.1.1. XVideo

Y [/bX_1ec1\!e][edT^>m;U1\>daFY5U5TVg5Y5T , g1\!fVht[/\>€FTVTVdm XVideo (]>\>bXWZTsY1f[>Td]!g1R>Tzb?\!b Xvideo, Y1\!_1`>g1R>{RtjXdb5R>U5TVg5YXm . † ]!RY U1\/daU5]>TR>g1U5Y5R/TsT‚Q1Q5U5R>TofVS?[>R-R>d_5]>m5\>T[!]t_5R/m5]!TVR>]^/R>U1c1\TW g5`\!]>i$`tR/[>U5Y$R>S?a^R-
¶dQ5TVb5U1]>R>\Y5ikfV[>Q5ToU5S*YFTg5Q5YXR/mlnuR/S*€F\!WZY;TzdQ1g1T\ }5low-end n7\!aFY1g1\i . , _5m;]!R>{VRc5]>R>^>hŠQ5U5R>[/TU5Y1]!` , U1\>^>R/]>\!TV]t_1YFrV]!RlU1\>daFY5U5TVg5Y5T , Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$w5]!Tzb1R/n7\!gXS?j xvinfo:

Xorg XFree86 4.X Xv xv),

% xvinfo

XVideo

Q5RS1S?TUXWZY5[-\!TV]>dom;[-\!aFTVw;[>YXS?TR/b1\!U5]>R>w , Tdo_1YFU5TfVj/_?`>]>\>][>ht{_5m$S?Y5]eQ5U5Y5^>_1Y5fVY5]!T_?`>g5Re]>\!b :

X-Video Extension version 2.2 screen #0 Adaptor #0: "Savage Streams Engine" number of ports: 1 port base: 43 operations supported: PutImage supported visuals: depth 16, visualID 0x22 depth 16, visualID 0x23 number of attributes: 5 "XV_COLORKEY" (range 0 to 16777215) client settable attribute client gettable attribute (current "XV_BRIGHTNESS" (range -128 to 127) client settable attribute client gettable attribute (current "XV_CONTRAST" (range 0 to 255) client settable attribute client gettable attribute (current "XV_SATURATION" (range 0 to 255) client settable attribute client gettable attribute (current "XV_HUE" (range -180 to 180)

value is 2110)

value is 0)

value is 128)

value is 128)

187

7.
client settable attribute client gettable attribute (current value is 0) maximum XvImage size: 1024 x 1024 Number of image formats: 7 id: 0x32595559 (YUY2) guid: 59555932-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 bits per pixel: 16 number of planes: 1 type: YUV (packed) id: 0x32315659 (YV12) guid: 59563132-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 bits per pixel: 12 number of planes: 3 type: YUV (planar) id: 0x30323449 (I420) guid: 49343230-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 bits per pixel: 12 number of planes: 3 type: YUV (planar) id: 0x36315652 (RV16) guid: 52563135-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 bits per pixel: 16 number of planes: 1 type: RGB (packed) depth: 0 red, green, blue masks: 0x1f, 0x3e0, 0x7c00 id: 0x35315652 (RV15) guid: 52563136-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 bits per pixel: 16 number of planes: 1 type: RGB (packed) depth: 0 red, green, blue masks: 0x1f, 0x7e0, 0xf800 id: 0x31313259 (Y211) guid: 59323131-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71 bits per pixel: 6 number of planes: 3 type: YUV (packed) id: 0x0 guid: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 bits per pixel: 0 number of planes: 0 type: RGB (packed) depth: 1 red, green, blue masks: 0x0, 0x0, 0x0

z_1ToS?j$TV]fV\/nuT]!Y1]!` , c5]!RQ1TU5TVc5Y1do_?Tg5g5htT v R>U?n7\!]!h (YUV2, YUV12 Y;] .Q .) g5TyQ5U5Y1dj-]/d]![/j-e]e[eb1\W%S?R/w U5TV\!_1Y5fV\>}5Y5Y XVideo Y;YXi;R/]>dj$]>d]![>Y5T)nuR!WZTV]^>ht]>`Q5R-nuTiXR>wkS?_5mFg5TVb5R>]!R/U5h)i;Q5U5R/Y5{U1ht[/\!]>T_1TVw . -zdo_1Y]>\>][/ht{_5m$S?Y1]]>\>b : )

X-Video Extension version 2.2 screen #0 no adaptors present

188

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7.4.1.2. Simple Directmedia Layer SDL Microsoft Windows, BeOS

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MPlayer

# cd /usr/ports/multimedia/mplayer # make

N - O - T - E Take a careful look into the Makefile in order to learn how to tune mplayer towards you personal preferences! For example, make WITH_GTK1 builds MPlayer with GTK1-GUI support. If you want to use the GUI, you can either install /usr/ports/multimedia/mplayer-skins or download official skin collections from http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/dload.html

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.mplayer

[ld[>R/TVnpS?R-n7\!aFg1TVnKb1\>]>\_1R/{T . , _5m

% cd /usr/ports/multimedia/mplayer % make install-user

~3\!U1\/nuT]!U5hS?_5m mplayer Q5TU5TVc5Y1d_1Tg5hŠ[ld]!U1\!g1Y5c5b5TyU5j$b5R>[/RS*d]![/\ mplayer. Ž'\^>R!_?TT‚Q5R!S?U5R/^>g5R/w Y5g v R>U?n7\!}5Y5TVw;[>hƒnuR>WZT]!TyR>^/U1\!]!Y1]!`/dm;b3S?R/b5jXnuTg5]>\>}5Y5YU?n7\!]!T HTML. … r]!R-n‰U1\>foS?T_1TsnuhƒR/Q5Y5anuh)i3U1\>dQ5U5R-d]!U1\>g g1v g5h)i;do_1j$c1\>T[Y?dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>g5YXm mplayer. , _5m;]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hx[>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/TVd]>Y \!wX_ , g?\!Q5U5Y?nuTU testfile.avi c5TVU5TfyRS*Y5g;Y5f)nug5R>{VYXi [>Y$S?TVR>Y5g1]!TU v TVw1dR/[ , Y1dQ5R!_?`>fj$w5]>TzQ1\>U1\>nuTV]!U -vo: 

% mplayer -vo xv testfile.avi % mplayer -vo sdl testfile.avi % mplayer -vo x11 testfile.avi # mplayer -vo dga testfile.avi # mplayer -vo ’sdl:dga’ testfile.avi

sv ]!R>Y5]eY1dQ1U5R>^/R>[/\>]!`[-dTz[-\!U5Y?\!g5]!hxY1g5]!TU v Tw1dR>[ , ]/\!bFb?\!bFY5ikQ1U5R>Y5fV[>R!S?Y5]!T_?`>g5R-d]!`efV\![/Y1dY1]R>]lnug5R!WZTVd]![/\ \!b5]!R/U5R>[YF^>j/S?TV]fV\/nuT]!g1RlnuTVgXm5]!`/dmF[f\![/Y1dY1nuR-d]!YFR>]e\>Q5Q1\>U1\!]!g1R>{RR>^>TdQ5TVc5Tg1YXm . , _5m;]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hx[>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/TVd]>Y DVD, fV\/nuTg5Y1]!T testfile.avi g1\ dvd://N -dvd-device DEVICE, {oS*T N m5[!_5m5TV]>dom;g5R-nuTU5R-nPS?R/U5R!WZb5Y , dzb5R/]!R>U1R>wFd_1ToS?j$TV]g1\>c1\!]!`e[>R-dQ5U5R/Y5f[/ToS?TVg5Y5T‚Y DEVICE v \>wX_FjXd]>U5R>w1d]![/\ Q5U5Y5[/RS*\ DVD. „3\!Q5U5Y?nuTU , S1_5mF]!R/{R , c5]!R/^>hx[>R-dQ5U1R>Y5fV[>TVd]!YlS?R/U5R!WZb5j 3 d /dev/dvd: )

# mplayer -vo xv dvd://3 -dvd-device /dev/dvd

.

!’ ‘¶“’“ :  š¦—=œ>µš¥—= DVD •sŸ›7 5´V™!± ›B¤)£¥—z¢>–*—J/•œ£¥ -£* /£e*lœ£V›:0eš¦¢;>œ˜;•/œ—™ MPlayer •™œ™!›?£¦—=œ>› . ”B)Ÿ›B 5´™!± ,
¦—!)Ÿš¥—=œ/µVš¦—=* . 9/• V—£' 7 oŸ± ³C/œ›?™!²!± ›7V¤.:™µ—e • /œ—™ .

,

WITH_DVD_DEVICE Makefile

/dev/acd0

_5m;]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hxR/d]/\!g5R/[>Y5]!` , Q5U5Y5R-d]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!`Y5_1YFQ5U1RS?R>_5WZY5]!`l[>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/ToS?TVg5Y5T , [/R/dQ1R!_1`/fj$w5]!Td` 5Q U5Y5[>m5fb5R/w;bX_?\>[>Y5a , Y5g v R/U1n7\!}5Y5m;Rb5R/]!R>U5R/wFnuR!WZTV]^>ht]>`eQ5R>_1j$c5Tg1\Q5R/dU5ToS*d]![>R-n‰fV\>Q5jXdb1\ mplayer -h, _1Y5^>Reg1\d]!U1\>g5Y5c5b5TzS?R/b5jXnuTg5]>\>}5Y5Y . 191

7.


R>Q5R>_1g5Y5]!T_1`>g1htT , S?R-d]>\>]!R>c5g1R[/\!WZg5htTzQ1\>U1\>nuTV]!U5hƒ[/R/dQ5U5R>Y1f[>TS?Tg1YXm : -fs -zoom, b5R/]!R>U5htTs[>bX_?c1\>] Q5R!_1g1R>rb1U1\!g5g1htw;U5TWZY1nŒY -framedrop, b5R>]!R/U5htw;j-_1j$c5a%\!T]eQ5U5R/Y5f[/RS?Y5]>T_1`/g5R/d]!`g1\enuToS1_1TVg5g5h)iFdY1d]!Tn7\i . , _5m;]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hxb5R/n7\>g$S?g1\!mFd]!U5R/b1\efV\!Q1j$db1\ mplayer g5T)d]/\!g5R/[>YX_?\/d`d_1Y5aw , Q5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_1` nuR!WZT]ldR>fS*\!]>` v \!w5_ .mplayer/config YFjXd]>\!g5R/[>Y5]>`Q1\!U?\>nuT]>U5hƒQ5RljXnuR!_1c1\>g5Y5‹]>\>n : ,

vo=xv fs=yes zoom=yes

yq \>bXWZT mplayer nuR>WTV]^/ht]!`Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>glS1_5m;b5R/Q5Y5U5R/[/\!g1YXmkS?R>U1R!WZTb DVD [ .vob v \!wX_1h . , _5m{VR , c5]!R>^/hƒdb5R/Q5Y5U5R/[/\>]!`[>]>R>U5j$ŠS?R>U5R>WZb5j DVD g5TR/^!iXRS*Y1nuR[>htQ1R!_1g5Y1]!`ed_1ToS?j$e€Fj$‹b1R/n7\!gXS?j :

# mplayer -dumpstream -dumpfile out.vob dvd://2 -dvd-device /dev/dvd

k~ R!_1j$c5TVg5g5htw v \>wX_ , out.vob, ^>j/S?TV]Q5U5TS*d]/\![!_1m5]!`ldR>^/R>w MPEG, dsb5R>]>R>U5hnŒnuR>WZg5RQ5U1R>Y5fV[>RS*Y5]!` U1\!f_1Y5c5g5htT‚S?Tw?d]![/YXmFQ5U5Y{VU1\>n7n , b5R>]!R/U5htTz^/j/S?j$]R>Q1Y1d\>g5hS*\_1TVTz[er]!R-n‰U1\!fS?T_?T .

7.4.2.1.3. mencoder

~kTU5TS[-\!g5Y1TVn mencoder, ^>h)_1Re^>hxg5TVQX_1R!iXRe^!_1YXWZTsR>fg?\!b5R-nuY5]>dom%d‚T{VRQ1\>U1\>nuTV]!U1\/nuY , Y1dQ5R!_1`/fj-m S?R>b5jXnuTVg5]>\!}1Y5‹[ v R>U1n7\>]!T HTML. qy\>bXWZTydj$€FTVd]![>j$TV]ed]>U1\!g5Y1c5b1\dQ5U1\>[>R>c1g5Y5b1\ mplayer, g5ReR>g1\g5TsR/c5Tg1` Q5R!_1TVfg1\^>TVf HTML S?R/b5jXnuTg5]>\>}5Y5Y v. )sj-€j$T]e^>Tdc5Y1d_1Tg1g5R>Tznug1R!WZTVd]![>RkdQ5R-dR/^>R>[tj-_1j$c5a\eYFY5fnuTg5TVg5YXm R/U1n7\!]>\ ; Y]!R/U5htTzY5fyr]>YXi;Q5U5Y nuR>[lnuR>{j$]e[!_1YXm5]>`g1\ Q5U5R>Y1f[>R!S?Y5]!T_1`>g1R/d]>` . „kYXWZTzQ1U5Y5[>TS?Tg1Rg5Tdb5R>_1`>b5ReQ5U5Y1nuTVU5R>[eY1dQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!g5YXm mencoder. …yR -Q5TU1[>h)i , Q5U5R/d]!R>Tsb5R>Q1Y5U5R>[-\!g5Y1T : 

% mencoder input.avi -oac copy -ovc copy -o output.avi

k„ TQ5U1\>[>YX_?`>g1\!mlb5R-nu^>Y5g?\!}5YXm[b5R-n7\!g$S*g5R>w%d]!U5R/b5YFQ1U5Y5[>Td]!Ym5[!_1TVg5Y5 v \!wX_1R/[ v , b5R/]!R>U5htT g5T[/R>fVnuR>WZg5R^>j/S?TV][/R/dQ1U5R>Y5fV[>Td]!YlS*\!WZT mplayer. ~kR>rV]!R/nuj , TVd_1YF[/h iXR>]!Y5]>Tydb5R>Q5Y1U5R>[-\!]!`[ \!w5_ , _1j$c5aFT Y,1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`t]!R>_1`>b1RQ1\>U1\>nuTV]!U mplayer -dumpfile. _5m;]!R>{VR , c1]!R>^/hxQ5U5TR/^>U1\>fR/[/\!]>` input.avi [ MPEG4 dRf[/j$b5R/nK[ v R>U1n7\>]!T MPEG Audio Layer 3 (MP3) (]!U1T^>j$TV]>dom audio/lame):

% mencoder input.avi -oac mp3lame -lameopts br=192 \

-ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vhq -o output.avi

† >] \b5R-n7\!g$S\dR/foS*\/d] v \>wX_ , [/R/dQ5U5R>Y1f[>R!S?Y1nuhtw mplayer Y xine. input.avi nuR>WTV]^/ht]!`f\>nuTg gFg?\ dvd://1 -dvd-device /dev/dvd Y mplayer, fV\!Q1j-€] Q5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_5m root, ^>j/S?TV]Q5U5TVR>^>U?\!fR/[>ht[-\!]!`sS?R/U5R!WZb5j DVD g1\>Q5UXm1nuj$ . q)\>bFb1\>b;Q5TU1[>htw;U1\>f , db5R>U5TVTzv[-dT{VR , [>hx^>j/S?TV]!Tzg1ToS?R/[>R!_?`>v g5h Q5R>_1j$c5Tg5g1hnuYFU5TVfj-_1`>]/\!]>\/nuY , [-d ‚WZTzU1Tb5R-nuTg$S?j$TV]>domFb1R>Q5Y5U1R>[/\>]!`tS*R>U5R>Wb1jl[ \!wX_ YFU1\>^>R>]/\!]!`f\!]!TnŒd \!wX_1R-n . 



7.4.2.2. A:B M6A  H =@1I 
 ine

r]!Re^>R>_1`>aw3Q5U5R/Tb5] , [f\=S*\>c5Y;b5R/]!R>U1R>{R[!iXRS?Y1]g5Ts]!R!_1`/b5RedR>fS*\!g5Y1TzU5TVaFTg1YXm3S1_5mY$S?TVR [/dT [ R!S?g5R-n , g5ReYfoS\!g5Y5Ts^/\>fR>[/R>wk^>Y1^!_1Y5R/]!Tb1YFdz[/R>fnuR!WZg5R/d]!`>ŠU1\>daFY5U5TVg5YXmF[/R>fnuR!WZg5R/d]!Tw3Q1j-]>TVn

xine - -

192

7.


Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!g5YXmkQX_?\>{Y5g1R>[ (U1\/daFY1U5Tg5Y1w ). ~kR-d]>\>[!_5m5TV]>dom3R/g;b1\!bU5]/\ , ]>\>bFY;[l[>YXS?TzQ1\>b5T]/\ , xine [/dTzTV€FTyg5TVdR>[>TVU5aFTVg5Tg , g5R , [-dT -]>\>b5Y;r]>RiXR>U1R>aFTVT‚g1\>c1\_1R . „3\Q5U?\!b5]!Y1b5T xine ]>U5T^/j-TV]_1Y1^>R^/hd]!U1R>{R Q5U5R>}1TVddR>U1\dz^/hd]!U5R/w;[>YXS?TR/b1\!U5]>R>w;YX_?YFQ5R!S5S?TU5Wb1j3U1\>daFY5U5TVg5YXm XVideo. ‡¶U1\ v Y5c5TVdb5Y5w_1`>fVR>[/\>]!` , g5RlR>gF[/dTsT€{VReg5TVj$bX_1W . „3\[>U1TVn+m;g1\>Q5Y1d\>g5YXm;rV]!R>{VRtS?R/b5jXnuTg5]>\e[Q1R/d]/\![>b1T xine g1Tydj-€R/[/\_?RnuRS?j-_5mF[/[>R!S*\ , b5R/]!R>U1htw;^>hƒnuR/{ [>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/RS?Y5]>` DVD, fV\>b5RS?Y1U5R>[-\!g5g5htTz| Q5Re\!_1{R/U5Y5]>nuj CSS. )sj$€FTd]![/j-e]ed^>R>U1b5Y , [b1R>]!R/U5h)i3TVd]>`e]>\>b5R>w nuRS?j-_1` , g5Rg1YFRS*g1\Y5fyg5YXi;g1Tz[!iXR!S?Y5][ R!_5_?Tb5}5Y1‹~kR>U1]!R>[ FreeBSD. ~kRedU?\![>g1Tg5Y5 d MPlayer, xine m5[!_5m5TV]>domF^/R!_1TVT7S?U1j/WZT_1^/g5hn‰bFQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!T_1 , g5R , []>RWZTz[/U5TVn+m , db5U5ht[-\!TV]^>R>_1TTs]!R>g5b1Y5Tsg?\>d]>U5R>w5b1Y;YFj$Q5U1\>[!_1TVg5Y5TsR>]Q1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!T_5m . q)\!bXWZT xine _1j$c5aR/]>\!TV]tg1\ XVideo Y5g5]!TVU v Tw1dV\i . ~kRjXnuR!_1c?\!g5Y5 , xine f\!Q5jXdb1\!TV]>domFds{U1\ v Y5c5Tdb5Y1nKY1g5]!TU v Tw1dR/n . , _1m;R>]!b5U1ht]!YXm v \>wX_1R/[Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$]>dm nuTg5 . multimedia/xine.

% xine

… ?b \!c5Td]![/Ts\_?`>]!TVU5g1\!]>Y5[>hŠnuR>WZg5RY1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>]!`tT{VRtS1_5mwX_?\tg1TQ5R-dU5TS*d]![/Tg5g1R , ^>TVf do_1TS?j$€FTVw;b5R-n7\!g$S?R/w :

GUI,

% xine -g -p mymovie.avi

@

 L@ 

k~ U5YX_1R>WTVg5Y5T v transcode g5T‚m5[>_5m5T]>dmFQ5U5R/Y5{U1ht[/\!]>T_1Tn . † ]!Reg?\!^>R/U3Y5g1d]!U5v jXnuTg5]>R>[S1_5mFQ5U1TR>^/U1\!fVR>[-\!g5YXm .avi Y .mpg \!w5_1R>[ . ~kU1Y;Q5R/nuR/€FY transcode nuR!WZg5RR/^
¶TS?Y5gXm5]>`[>YXS?TR \!wX_1h , Y1dQ5U1\>[!_5m5]!` Q5R>[/U5TW%S?TVg5g5htT v \>wX_1h , Y?dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!`tY5g1d]!U5jXnuTg1]!hŠb5R-n7\!g$S*g5R>wFd]!U5R>b1Y3S1_5m]!hƒdsQ5R>]>R>b1\/nuY [>[>R!S*\ /[>ht[/RS*\ stdin/stdout. qy\>b;WZT , b1\!bFY MPlayer, transcode m5[!_5m5TV]>domc5TVg5`rVb1dQ5TVU5Y1nuTVg5]>\_?`>g5hn‰Q1U5R>{VU1\>n7nug5hnŒQ5U5RS*j-b1]!R/n , b5R>]!R/U5htw;g5TVR>^>i$R!S?Y1nuRdR>^/Y5U1\!]>`Y5fyQ5R>U1]>\ multimedia/transcode. † ]!R/]Q5R/U5]Y?nuTT]lR>{VU5R/nug1R>T‚b5R>_1Y5c5Td]![/R Q1\!U1\/nuT]!U1R>[tS?_5mFb5R-n7\!g$S?h make Q1U5YR>U1b5T . TVb5R/nuTVg$S?j$T]/dom : 7.4.2.3.

transcode




# make WITH_LIBMPEG2=yes

-zdo_1YhxQX_*\!g5Y5U1j-TV]!Tyj$d]>\!g1R>[>Y1]!` multimedia/avifile, ]>RS?R/^/\>[>`>]>T‚Q1\!U?\>nuT]>U fV\!Q1j$db1\ make b1\>bFQ5R/b1\!f\!g5Rg5YXWZT :

WITH_AVIFILE

[ld]!U5R/b5j

# make WITH_AVIFILE=yes WITH_LIBMPEG2=yes

„kYXWZTzQ5U5Y1[>RS?m5]>dom3S*[/\Q1U5Y1nuTU?\Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5YXm transcode S1_1mFQ5U5TVR>^>U?\!fR/[/\>g5YXmk[>Y$S?TVR , [eU5TfVj-_1`>]>\>]!T b5v R>]!R/U5R>{VRY5fnuTgXm5TV]>domFU?\!fVnuTVUFY5fVR>^/U1\WZTg1YXm . ~kTU5[/htw;Q5U5Y?nuTU%Q5v U5TR/^>U1\>fR>[/ht[/\>T]zS*\!g5g1htTs[ openDIVX AVI \!wX_ , []!Rl[>U5Tn+m;b1\!b]!R/U5R>wFY1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$T]^/R!_1TVT‚Q5TU1Tg5R-dY1nuhtw R/U1n7\!] MPEG. % transcode -i input.vob -x vob -V -Z 320x240 \

-y opendivx -N 0x55 -o output.avi % transcode -i input.vob -x vob -V -Z 320x240 \

-y mpeg -N 0x55 -o output.tmp % tcmplex -o output.mpg -i output.tmp.m1v -p output.tmp.mpa -m 1

193

7.


sj-€j$T]ed]!U1\>g5Y5c5b?\edQ5U1\![/R>c5g1Y5b1\yS1_1m transcode, g5RtS1_1mFU1\!f_1Y5c5g1h)i;j-]>YX_1Y5] tc* (]>\!b5Y5ikb?\!b b5R/]!R>U5htTs]!R!WZTyjXd]>\>g1\![>_1Y5[/\>]>dm3[ldY1d]!Tnuj , S?R>b5jXnuTVg5]>\!}1Y5YFR/c5Tg5`eg5TVnug1R>{R . qyTVn g5TynuTVg5TT , S1_5m Q5R!_1j$c5TVg5Y5Tsb5U1\!]>b5R>w%dQ5U1\>[>b5YFQ5RY1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5Y5ƒb5R-n7\!g$S , nuR!WZT]l^>ht]>`fV\S*\!g;Q?\!U1\/nuT]!U -h. ~kRedU?\![>g1Tg5Y5 d mencoder, transcode U1\>^>R>]/\!T]fV\>nuTV]!g5RlnuToS1_1TVg5g5TVT , g1RY1nuTVT]e^/R!_1`/aFT‚a%\!g1dR>[dR>fS*\!]!` ^>R!_?TT‚Q5TVU5Tg1R/dY?nuhtw v \!w5_ , b5R/]!R>U5htw%nuR!WZg5Re^>j/S?T][>R/dQ5U5R/Y5f[/TVd]>Y;g1\^/R!_1`/aFTVnKb1R!_1Y5c1TVd]>[>TsdY1d]>TVn . „3\!Q5U5Y?nuTU MPEG, dR>fS*\!g5g1htTzQ5U5YY1f[>R!S1m5]>dmk[ Windows Media® Player Y )

tcmplex),

Apple Quicktime®.

7.4.3.

 T$#
$%$ %$ 9  "$

\!f_1Y5c5g5htTyQ1\>b5T]!hx[/Y$S?TVRQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nPS1_5m FreeBSD Y1g5]!Tg?dY5[/g5RU1\>fU1\>^/\>]!ht[/\>]>dm . ec1Tg5`e[>R>fnuR!WZg5R , c5]!Rl[ !^ _1YXW \>w5aFTnK^>j/S?j$€FTn‰nug5R>{VY5TsR/^/dj/W%S*\>TVnuhtT‚fS?TVd`Q5U1R>^!_?TVnuhxU1\>fU5TVaw1nuT]e[>U5Tn+m , YF]!T , b5]>R WT_?\!TV]Q5R>_1j$c5Y5]!`ln7\!b1dY1nujXn‰R>]l\!j/S?Y5R /[/Y$S?TVR[>R/fVnuR!WZg5R-d]!TVw FreeBSD, S?R!_5WZg5hŠ^>j/S?j$]dR/^>Y5U?\!]!` g5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuhtT‚fg1\>g5YXmFY1fzg5Tdb5R>_1`>b5Y5i3dQ5Y1† db5R>[ec1\>d]!Rf\=S*\>[/\!Tnuh)il[/R>Q5U1R/dR/[Y;R/^>j$c1\!e€FYXi;d]>\!]!TVw , \]>\!bXWZT Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`tU1\>f_1Y1c5g5htTyQ5U5YX_1R>WZTg5YXm . ]!R>]lU1\!fS?T_%dj$€FTd]![/j-TV])S1_5mF]>R>{R , c5]!R/^>hxc5Y1]>\!]!T_1`knuR>{yQ5R!_1j$c5Y1]!` j,-b?\!fV\>g5YXm;g1\g5TVdb5R!_?`>b5RY?d]!R/c5g5Y5b5R/[S*R>Q5R>_1g5Y5]!T_1`>g1R>w;Y5g v R>U1n7\>}5Y5Y . R>b5jXnuTg1]>\!}5Y5m MPlayer (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/) R>c5TVg5`edRS?TVUXW \!]!T_1`>g1\[e]!TiXg5Y5c5Tdb5R-n‰QX_?\>g5T . …sR/fVnuR>Wg1R , r]>Y3S?R/b5jXnuTg5]!hxS?R!_5WZg5hŠY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`-doml_1^/hn‰c5T_?R>[>TVb5R/n , WZT_?\!e€FY1n‰Q1R!_1j$c5Y5]>`[>hdR>b5Y1w j-U1R>[>TVg5`fVg1\!g5Y1wFR[/Y$S?TVRg1\ UNIX dY?d]!Tn7\i . )sQ5Y1dR>b;U?\>ddh)_1b5Y MPlayer [/U1\W%S?TV^>Tg3S1_5m;_1e^>R/{R , b1]!Reg1T Q5R>]!U1j>S*YX_?domc1Y5]>\!]>`tS?R/b5jXnuTg5]>\>}5Y5 , ]>\>bFc5]!R , TVd_1YFjk[-\>d‚Td]!`WZT_?\>g5Y5T)dR>R/^>€%\!]!`tRlg1\!wXS?Tg5g1h)i R>aFY1^>b1\!i , Q1U5R>c5Y1]>\!w5]>Ts[/g1\!c1\!_1TuS?R/b5jXnuTg5]/\!}5Y5 . xine HOWTO (http://dvd.sourceforge.net/xine-howto/en_GB/html/howto.html) dR!S?TUXWZY5]e{_?\>[>jkR>^j/_?j-c1aFTg1Y5Y Q5U5R>Y1f[>R!S?Y5]!T_1`>g1R/d]>Y , b5R>]>R>U1\!m;Q5U5Y1nuTVg5Y1n7\lb;_1e^>R-nujlQ1U5R>Y5{VU5ht[/\>]!T_? . „3\!b5R/g5T} , dj$€FTVd]![>j$TV]g5TVdb5R!_?`>b5Rlnug5R>{VR>R>^/T€%\!€WTVg5Y5w , b5R>]!R/U5htTzc1Y5]>\!]>T_1`knuR!WZT]lY1dQ5U5R>^/R>[-\!]!` : Avifile (http://avifile.sourceforge.net/), S1_5m;b5R/]!R>U5R/{Re]>\!bXWZT)dj$€FTd]![/j$T]Q5R/U5] multimedia/avifile. Ogle (http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/groups/dvd/), S1_5mFb5R/]!R>U1R>{Re]>\!b5WT)dj$€[>j$T]Q1R>U5] multimedia/ogle.


• •

•

Xtheater (http://xtheater.sourceforge.net/)

• multimedia/dvdauthor,

Q1\>b5T]ld‚R/]!b5U5ht]!hnuY%]!TVb1d]>\/nuY;S?_5mFU1\/dQ5U5R-d]!U?\!g5TVg5YXm

E tGFDFLKJKHE  G  ]!TVn dR>^/TU5Y1]!TzY<j$d]>\!g1R>[>Y1]!Tzg5R/[>R/T‚m$S?U5R . \!b;]!R>_1`>b1RQ5R!S5S?TU5Wb?\]!eg5TU1\e^>j/S?TV]tS?R/^/\>[!_1TVg1\)[edY1d]!Tnuj , Q5TVU5T{VU5j-fVY5]!Tyb5R/nuQ1`>]>TU . …sRe[>U5Tn+mFfV\>{U5j$fVb5Y TV b1\!U1]>\tS*R!_5WZg1\R/]!R>^/U1\!fVY5]!`Q1U5Y1nuTU1g5Re]/\!b5Y5T)d]>U5R>b5Y :

bktr0: mem 0xd7000000-0xd7000fff irq 10 at device 10.0 on pci0 iicbb0: on bti2c0 iicbus0: on iicbb0 master-only iicbus1: on iicbb0 master-only smbus0: <System Management Bus> on bti2c0 bktr0: Pinnacle/Miro TV, Philips SECAM tuner.

| R>g5TVc5g5R , rV]!YR/^>€FTVg5YXm3^>j/S?j$]eU1\!f_1Y5c1\>]!`/dm;g1\U1\>fg5R-nKR>^/R>U5j/S?R>[-\!g5Y1Y . qsTnŒg5T)nuTg1TT , Q5U5R/[>TU1`>]!T , c1]!R ]!g5TVUFR/Q5U5ToS*T_5m5TV]>domFQ1U1\![/YX_1`>v g1R ; [/R>fnuR!WZg1\Q1TU5TVfV\!Q1Y1d`Q?\!U1\/nuT]!U5R/[ , R/Q5U5ToS*T_1TVg5g5h)ikm$S?U5R-n , dsQ5R/nuR/€F`> \!wX_1Tsg1\>d]!U5R/w5b5Y;m$v S*U1\ . „3\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU , TVd_1YF[/h iXR>]!Y5]>Tsj$b1\>fV\!]>` , c5]!Rlr]!R Philips sysctl(8) MIB YFQ?\!U1\/nuT]!U5R/[[ SECAM ]!g1TU , S?R>^-\![>`/]!Tzd_1ToS?j$e€Fj$‹d]!U5R>b1j3b \!w5_1jkg1\>d]!U5R>w1b5Y3m$S?U1\ : options OVERRIDE_TUNER=6

YX_1YFQ1UXm1nuRef\=S*\>w5]!TsQ5TU5TnuTg5g1j-

sysctl(8):

# sysctl hw.bt848.tuner=6

e^>U1\>]!Y5]!Td`bg5Y5}5T bktr(4) Y v \>wX_1j /usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES fV\^>R>_1TT‚S?T]>\!_1`>g1R>w;Y5g v R>U1n7\>}5Y5TwFR S?R/d]!j$Q5g5h)i3Q1\!U?\>nuT]>U1\i (TVdo_?YF[>hxU?\!^>R/]>\!TV]!Tz[ FreeBSD 4.X, [/nuTd]!R /usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$w5]!T /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/LINT).

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Jake Hamby.

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FreeBSD

# cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf # cp GENERIC MYKERNEL

~kR]!U1\S?Y5}5Y1YFY1n+mY5]eY5fy^>j$b5[[l[>TVUXiXg5TVnKU5TV{Y1d]!U5T , YFTdo_1YF[>hƒQ5R!S5S?TU5WY1[/\!TV]!Tzg1TVdb1R!_1`/b5R b5R/nuQ5`/]!TVU5R>[ FreeBSD g1\U1\>f_1Y1c5g5R/nŒR>^>R/U5j/S?R>[-\!g5Y1Y , iXR>U1R>a^-\![!_1m5]!`r]>ReY1n+m\ . ˆ‰hƒg1\>f[/\!_1Ykm$S?U5R MYKERNEL [r]>R/n‰Q5U1Y1nuTU5T . 
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GENERIC

i386

# # # #

cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf mkdir /root/kernels cp GENERIC /root/kernels/MYKERNEL ln -s /root/kernels/MYKERNEL

sq TVQ5TU1`eR/]!U5ToS\!b5]!Y1U5j$w5]!T v \!wX_ MYKERNEL [ld[>R VnP_1e^>Y1nuR-n‰]!TVb1d]!R/[>R-nKU5ToS*\>b5]!R/U5T . -zdo_1Yhx]!R>_1`>b1R g1\!c5Y1g1\!TV]!T , TS?Y5g1d]![>TVg5g5hnPS*R/d]>j-Q1g5hn‰U5TS*\!b5]>R>U5R-nŒdb5R/U5TTs[/dT{R^>j/S?T] vi, b5R>]>R>U5htw%do_1Y5a{VR , c5]>R>^>hxR/^
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/usr/src/UPDATING

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•

199

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zd_1YF[/hxY1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T]!T FreeBSD [>TU?dY5Y;^/R!_1TVTzU1\>g5g5TVw , c5TVn 4.0 Yh (? R>^/g5R>[>_5m5T]!TydY1d]!TVnujlS*R FreeBSD 4.0 Y5_1YF[/htaFT , Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj-m make world, Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$w5]!T)dQ5R-dR/^ 1. -zd_1YF[/hƒdR/^>Y5U1\>T]!Tsg5R>[/R>T7m$S*U5R , g1TsR/^>g5R/[!_5mXm3Y1di$R!S?g5htTs]!Tb1d]!h ([>R/fVnuR!WZg5R , S1_5mF]!R/{R , c5]!R>^/h S?R/^/\![/Y5]!` g5R/[>j$ŠR/Q5}5Y5 , g1\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU IPFIREWALL), [/hƒnuR!WZT]!TyY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>`)_1^/R>w^ . -zd_1YF[/hxQ5TU1TVdR/^>Y5U?\!T]>T‚m$S?U5Reb1\!bd]!`Q1U5R>}5TddV\ make world, Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$w5]!TydQ5R-dR>^ 2. (* R/^>g5R/[!_5mX_?YlS?TU5TV[>ReY1doiXRS*g5h)i3]!Tb1d]!R>[ldsnuR-nuTg5]/\Q5R-do_1TS?g5TV{RjXdQ5Ta{VRfV\>[>TU1aFTg1YXm;}5Y5bX_*\ -zdo_1Yh buildworld-installworld, (]!RlTVd]>`g5TyfV\>Q5jXdb1\!_1Y CVSup, CTM, YX_?YFg5TyY1dQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\_1Y anoncvs), [>R>fnuR!WZg5RY?dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>g5Y5T‚Q1R/do_?ToS?R/[/\!]>T_1`/g5R/d]!Y config, make depend, make, make install.

•

-

•

•




1.





Ž'\>Q5jXd]!Y1]!T

1.

config(8)

    ” 


“

S?_5mF]!R/{R , c5]!R>^/hƒd{VTg5TVU5Y5U5R/[/\!]>`Y1di$R!S?g5htTs]!Tb1d]!hxm$S?U?\ .

# /usr/sbin/config MYKERNEL

~kTVU5Tw$S*Y5]!Ty[b1\>]>\_1R/{ , [eb5R>]>R>U5R-n‰^>j/S?TV]dR/^>Y5U1\>]!`/dmkm$S?U5R . Ž'\!Q5j$€b1\>fV\!g1R[>htaTS?T]Y?n+mFr]!R/{Reb1\!]>\!_1R>{\ .

2.

,

# cd ../compile/MYKERNEL

_1m

FreeBSD

[/TU1dY5wF^/R!_1TVT‚U1\>g5g5YXi , c5Tn

config(8)

[/nuTVd]!RrV]!R>{VRY1dQ5R!_?`>fj$w5]>T :

5.0,

# cd ../../compile/MYKERNEL

sR/^>TU1Y5]!T‚m$S*U5R . )

3.

# make depend # make

d]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!Tyg5R>[/R>T7m$S?U1R .

4.

# make install


 1.

2.





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/usr/src.

# cd /usr/src

2.

sR/^>TU1Y5]!T‚m$S*U5R . )

# make buildkernel KERNCONF=MYKERNEL

d]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!Tyg5R>[/R>T7m$S?U1R .

3.

# make installkernel KERNCONF=MYKERNEL

.

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FreeBSD 4.2  4.2-STABLE,  87  7 KERNCONF=.

KERNCONF=

KERNEL=

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options

PAE

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215

8.

FreeBSD

~kRS5S?TVUXWZb1\ PAE [ FreeBSD Y?nuTT]ldo_1TS?j$€g5Y5c5TVg5YXm : ~kU5R/}5TVdVd7g5T)nuR!WZT]eQ5R!_?j-c1Y5]!`S?R/d]!j$QFb;^/R!_1TVT , c5Tn 4 {VY5{V\>^/\!w1]>\>nKQ5U1R/d]>U1\!g1d]![/\ VM. KLD nuR!S?j-_1YFg5T)nuR>{Vj$]^>ht]!`lfV\>{U5j-WZTg1hx[m$S?U5Rldz[/bX_1ec5Tg5g1R>wFQ1RS5S?TVUXWZb5R>w PAE Y5f -fV\U1\!fVg5Y5}5hx[ R/b5U5j-WZTg5Y5Y3S1_5mR>U1b5YFnuRS*j/_?TwFY%d\/nuR>{Rm$S?U1\ . v , U1v \>w5[>TVU5h jXd]!U5R/w1d]>[ , b1R>]!R/U5htTzg5TyY1dQ5R!_1`/fj$]Y5g5]!TVU Tw1d bus_dma(9) Q5U5Y5[/ToS?j$]bFQ5R>[/U5TW%S?TVg5Y5 Y5g R>U1n7\>}5Y5Y;[m$S?U5T)dz[/bX_1c1Tg5g5hn PAE. „kTzU5TVb5R/nuTVg$S?j$T]>dmFY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>`t]>\!b5Y1T‚S?U?\!w5[/TU1\ . ~kRr]>R>w Q5U1Y5c5Y5g5Ty[ FreeBSD 5.X [/bX_1ec5Tgg v Y1{j$U1\!}1Y5R>g5g1htw v \!wX_;m$S*U1\ PAE, Y5fyb5R>]>R>U5R/{Rj/S*\!_1Tg5hx[-dT S?U?\!w5[/TU5h , Reb5R>]>R>U5h)i3Y5fV[>TVd]!g5R , c5]!RlR>g5Y;g1TsU1\>^>R/]>\!e]Q5U5YbX_1ec5Tg1g5R>w]!R/U5htTsdY1d]>TVnug5htTyQ5TU1TVnuTg1g5htTsR/Q5U5TS?T_5m5e]Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5Y5T‚U5Tdj$U1dR>[Q1\/n+m5]!YFQ1Reb5R>_1Y5c5Td]![/j S?R-d]!j$Q5g1R>w v Y5fVY5c5Tdb5R/w;Q1\>n+m5]>Y . q)\!b1Y5T)Q5TU5TnuTg5g1htTynuR/{j$]Q5U5Y1[>TVd]!YFbn+m5]!Y%Y5f -f\R/dR>^/Tg5g5R-d]!TVw3U1\!^/R>]!hƒdY1d]>TVnuh PAE. S?Y1g;Y5fy]>\!b5Y5i;Q5U5Y1nuTVU5R>[ - Q1TU5TnuTg5g1\!m kern.maxvnodes, b5R>]!R/U1\m;j$Q5U?\![!_1m5T]n7\>b1dY1n7\!_1`>g1hn‰b5R!_?Y5c5TVd]![>R-n vnode U1\>fU5TVaFTVg5g5h)i3[m$S?U1T . TVb5R/nuTVg$S?j$T]/domFjXd]/\!g5R/[>Y5]!`e]>\!b1j- Y;Q5R!S?R>^/g5htTzTVwFQ5TVU5TVnuTVg5g5htTy[>U5j$c5g1j-‹[e\S?Tb5[-\!]!g1htTzfg?\!c5TVg5YXm . …yR>fnuR!WZg5R , Q5R>g1\S?R>^/Y5]>dm;j-[/T_1Y1c5Y5]!`eQ5U5R/d]!U1\>g1d]![/R[/Y5U5]!jX\_?`>g5h)i;\=S?U1TVdR/[tm$S?U1\ (KVA) YX_1Y<j$nuTVg5`>ab5j$ -_1Y5^/RQ5TU1TVnu,Tg1g5j$ (dn . [/htaFT ), fg?\!c5TVg5Y5Tzb1R>]!R/U5R>w;^/h)_1Rg5TVR>Q5U?\![S\!g5g5R[>T_?Y5b5RY%nuR>{_?RQ5U5Y5[/TVd]!YFb Y1dc5TU1Q1\!g5Y1 KVA. _5m;r]>R>{RlnuR!WZT]e^>ht]!`lY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!g?\)R>Q5}5Y5m3m$S?U1\ KVA_PAGES. …d_1j$c1\!TydR-nug5Tg5Y1wFR>]>g5R/dY5]!T_?`>g5ReQ5U5R>Y1f[>R!S?Y5]!T_1`>g1R/d]>Y;Y\!^/YX_1`>g1R/d]>Y;U5Tb1R/nuTgXS?j$T]>v dmFR>^/U1\!]!Y1]!`/dm;b d]!U1\>g5Y5}5TyU5j$b5R/[>RSd]![-\ tuning(7). )s]!U?\!g5Y5}?\U5j$b5R/[>R!S*d]![-\ pae(4) dRS*TUXWZY5]ld[>TWZj- Y5g R/U1n7\!}1Y5ŠR Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5T PAE [ FreeBSD.

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%L O E  I   E JŒL R)GR>]>[>T]/d]![/j-e€FY5w v \!wX_ , g1\>fht[-\!TVnuhtw “node” [eb1\!]>\!_1R>{VT /dev. eg5Y;[>ht{_5m$S1m5]eb1\!b;R/^>htc5g1htT \!w5_1h , g5Reg1\edV\>nuR-npS?T_1Tyr]>RedQ1T}5Y1\!_1`>g1htT “]!R>c5b1YF[!iXR!S*\ ” [m$S*U5R , b5R>]!R/U5htTzg1TR>^>iXRS?Y1nuhxQ1U5YX_1R>WTVg5YXm1nPS?_5m3S?R-d]!j$Q1\bFjXd]!U1R>w1d]![/\/n . )sb5U5Y5Q5]S1_5m /bin/sh /dev/MAKEDEV, b5R>]!R/U5htw;[/htQ5R!_1g5m5Tv ]>dmFQ5U5Yw;jXd]>\!g5R/[>b5TzR>Q5TVU1\!}5Y1R>g5g5R/wFdY?!dV]! Tnuh , dR/foS*\>T]Q5U?\!b5]!Y1c5TVdb5YF[-dT Q5RS5S*TUXWZY5[-\!TVnuhtT \!wX_?hxj$d]!U5R/w1d]![ . S?g1\>b5RR/g;g5T)dR/foS*\ ]YXi , ]>\!b1Y1n‰R>^/U1\!fVR/n , b5R/{oS*\[>hS?R/^/\![>_5m5T]>T Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5jkg5R/[>R>{VRjXd]!U1R>w1d]![/\ , do_1TS?j$T]ej-^/ToS?Y1]!`/dm , c5]!RkdR>R/]![>TV]>d]>[>j$€n‰g1T] , dR>fS*\!]>`YXi . …yR>]Q1U5R/d]!R>wWY?n , [>hS?R/^/\>[>YX_1Y3Q1RS5S?TVUXWZb5j3Q5U5Y1[>RS\ IDE CD-ROM [m$S*U5R . )s]!U5R>b?\ , b5R/]!R>U5j$‹[>h S?R/^/\>[>YX_1Y :

8.5.





device acd0

† ]!RR/fg1\>c1\!TV] , c5]!Rl[/\/nKg5TR/^!iXRS*Y1nuRQ5U5R/[>TVU5Y5]!`eg1\_1Y1c5Y5T v \!wX_1R/[ , g1\>f[/\>g5Y5T‚b1R>]!R/U5h)i3g1\!c5Y1g1\!e]>domw acd0 [b1\>]>\_1R/{T /dev, fV\b1R>]!R/U5R>w , [>R>fnuR!WZg5R , d_1ToS*j-TV]^/j-b1[/\ , g?\!Q5U5Y?nuTU c, YX_1Yj$TV] r, c5]>R R>fg?\!c1\>T] , c5]>RerV]!R “dhtU5R/T ” (raw) jXd]!U5R/w1d]>[>R v, b1R>]!R/U5R>TsY1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$T]>dmeS?_5mFQ5UXm1nuR/{RS?R/d]!j$Q1\b%\!Q5Q?\!U1\>]!g5R/nuj j$d]!U5R/w1d]![/j . -zdo_?YFR>b?\!fht[-\!TV]>dom , c5]!Rl]>\>b5YXi \!w5_1R>[[eb1\!]/\_1R/{Tzg1T] , [>hS?R>_5WZg5hƒQ5TVU5Tw5]>YF[b?\!]>\!_1R>{ /dev Y g1\!^/U1\!]!` : # sh MAKEDEV acd0

216

8.

FreeBSD

| R>{oS\db5U1Y5Q5]lfV\![/TU5a^>R/]!j , [>hxj$[>Y$S*Y5]!T , c5]!R v \!wX_1h acd0c Y racd0c dR>fS*\!g1h , d R/R>]![/T]>d]![>TVg5g5R db5U5Y1Q5]R/]!U1\!^/R>]>\!_Fb5R/U5U5Tb1]!g5R . , _5m;f[/j-b1R>[>h)ikb1\>U5]g5Y5WTdo_1TS?j$€%\m;b5R-n7\!g$S*\edR/foS*\>T]g5TVR>^>i$R!S?Y1nuhtT v \!wX_1h : # sh MAKEDEV snd0

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„kTzj/S*\ V]>dom;R/]!U1\>^>R>]/\!]!`eb5R/n7\>g$S?T make: v -zdo_?YFg5Tyj/S*\ V]>dom;R/]!U1\!^/R>]>\>]!`b1R/n7\!gXS?T make, R/^>htc5g5Rr]!RlR>fVg1\!c1\>T]R/aFY5^/b5jl[eR/Q5Y1d\>g5Y5Y;b1R>g Y5{Vj$U1\!}5Y1Y m$S?U1\ , b5R>]>R>U1\!m;v g5T‚S*R/d]/\!v]!R/c5g5R]>U5Y5[>Y?\_1`/g1\)S1_1m;]!R>{VR , c5]!R/^>h config(8) nuR/{zR/^>g1\>U5j-WY1]!`T . eQXm5]>` -]>\!b5Y , Q5U5R-dnuR>]>U5Y5]!T \!wX_g Y1{j$U1\!}1Y5Y;Y , TVdo_?Y;[>hƒ[-dTsT€FTsg5T)nuR!WZT]!TyU5Taddh)_1b5Y , Q5R/d[!m5€ Vg5g5htw;[/R>Q5U1R/d\/nPYFR>]>[>T]/\>nKQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!Tv _1TVw FreeBSD (http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions) [>b5_1c5Y1[[Q1Y1d`-nuR \!w5_Fb5R>g v Y5{j$U1\>}5Y5Y m$S?U1\ . )sb5R>U1TTz[-dTV{RQ1U5R>^>_1TVn7\t^/j/S?T]eU5Tahd]>U5R . „kTzj/S*\ V]>dom;jXd]>\!g5R/[>Y5]>`g5R/[>R>T‚m$S?U5R : -zdo_?Y;m$S?U5RkdR/^>U1\!_1R/d`t^>TVfzQ5U5R/^!_1Tn , g5Reg5Tsj/S*\!_1R/d`T{VRjXd]/\!g5R>[/Y5]!` (b5R-n7\!g$S\ make install YX_1Y make installkernel dR>R>^/€FYX_*\tR>^eR>aFY1^>b5T ), Q5TVU5[>R/T , c5]!Reg5TR/^!iXRS*Y1nuRQ5U1R>[>TVU5Y5]!` , g5TyfV\!Q1j-€g5TnK^>TVfR>Q?\>dg1R/d]>Y 1 YX_?YF[>hta^>U?\!]!Y5]>TVd`b init(8)). ~kU5R/}5ToS*j-U?\tjXd]>\>g5R>[/b5Y;Q5U5R/^>j$T] 









217

8.

FreeBSD

d gXm5]>` v _?\>{‚g5TVY5fVnuTVgXm5TVnuR-d]!Yd‚]!TVb5j$€FTV{Rm$S*U1\Y<jXdv ]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!`rV]!R>] v _?\!{7S1_5mFg5R/[>R/{Rtm$v S?U?\ . q)\!b%b1\!bFg1\ j$U5R>[/g5T‚^>TVfR/Q1\>dg5R/d]!Y 1 YhtaQ5U5TV€FTg1RdgXm5]>Y5T _?\!{\tg5TY1fVnuTg5m5TVnuR/d]!Y3S?_5mF[/dTi \!w5_1R>[[ dY1d]!TVnuT , jXd]/\!g5R/[>b1\yS*R!_5WZg1\Q5U5R>Y1f[>R!S?Y5]!`-dom;g1\j$U5R>[/g5Tz^/TfR/Q1\>dg5R/d]!Y 0 Yb5Reb FreeBSD 4.X YF^/R!_1TVTzU1\>g5g5Y1n‰[/TU1dYXm1n . FreeBSD 5.X, b?\!b;YR!_?TT Q5R>fS?g5Y5Ts[>TVU1dY5Y , g5Tyj$v d]>\!g?\![!_?Y5[/\>T]tr]>R>] v _?\!{‚g?\m$S?U1RYFR/aFY5^/b1\tQ5U5Y<jXd]>\>g5R>[/b5T‚m$S?U?\[>R/fVnuR>Wg1R j$b1\!fVht[/\!TV]tg1\e^>R!_?TT j$g$S*\/nuTg5]/\_1`/g5j$ŠQ5U5R/^!_1Tnuj .

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zdo_?YF[/\>aFTsg5| R>[/R>T7m$S?U1Rg5TyfV\>{U5j-W \!TV]>dom;YX_?YFTVnuj3g1Tsj/S*\ ]>dm;R>^>g?\!U5j-WZY5]!`e[/\!a[/\ - g5T Q1\!g1Y5b5j$w5]!T ! dc1\>d]!`> , [ FreeBSD dj$€[>j$T]R/]_1Y5c1g5htw%nuTi5\!g5Y5fnpS1_5mF[/R/dVd]>\>g5R>[>_1Tg5Y5mkQ1R/do_?T jXd]>\>g5R>[/b5Y;| g5TdR>[-nuTVd]!Y1nuR>{VRtm$S?U1\ . ~kU5R-d]!Re[>ht^>TVU5Y5]!Tzm$S?U5R , b5R>]>R>U5R/T7iXR>]!Y5]>Tyf\!{VU5j$fY5]!`e[f\!{U1j-fVc5Y5b5T FreeBSD. g5TVnuj3[/hƒnuR!WZT]!TyQ5R>_1j$c5Y5]!`S?R/d]!j$Q , b5R/{oS*\edY1d]!TVn7\tS?T_*\!T]eR>^/U1\!]!g1htw;R>]>dc ]eR>] 10 [lnuTg5 fV\>{U5j$fb1Y . „3\W nuY5]>T‚_1e^>j$‹b5_?\![/Y5aFj , b5U5R-nuT Enter, [>[/ToS?Y1]!T unload YfVj-w1]!T‚_1e^>R/T7S?U5j${VR>T‚m$S*U5R , b5R/]!R>U1R>Tzf\!{VU5j$fY5]>dm;^>TVfzQ5U5R/^!_1Tn . …yR[>U1TVn+m;Q5TVU5Tb5R/g v Y5{Vj-U1Y5U5R>[-\!g5Y5mlm$S*U1\[-dTV{oS*\tQ1R!_1TVfg5ReR/d]/\![!_1m5]!`b5R/Q5Y5‹m$S?U1\ , Rb5R/]!R>U5R-nKY5f[/TVd]!g5R , c5]!RlR>g5ReU1\!^/R>c5TVT . ~kR/d_1Tzf\!{U1j-fVb5YFdzU1\!^/R>c5Y1nPm$S*U5R/n‰[/hƒnuR!WZT]>TsQ5U1R>[>TVU5Y5]!`e[/\>a v \!w5_Fv b5R>g v Y5{j$U1\>}5Y5Y;YQ5U1R>^>R/[/\>]!` dR/^>U1\>]!`tm$S?U5RlR>Q5m5]!` . ec1Tg5`eQ5R!_1TVfg5hnK[S*\!g1g5R/nŒd_1j$c1\!TsR>b1\!WTV]>dom \>wX_ /var/log/messages, [ b5R>]>R>U5R-n , dU5TS?Y3S*U5j${YXi3fV\>Q5Y1dTw , Y1nuTV]>dm%dR>R>^/€FTVg5YXmkm$S?U1\eR>]b?\W%S?R>w<jXdQ5TVaFg5R/w;fV\>{U5j$fb1Y . q)\!bXWZT , b5R/n7\>g$S*\ dmesg(8) [>ht[/ToS?TV]dR/R>^>€*š sŸ¦™Všz  2!˜ e•œ V ¢ /£V›¶–Z*š tš¦;¢ >œ2˜ >9µ 0 1œ™ , Ÿ¢£¥B  —£ž š  , ´V!— eV– *š 67!œ™  #0 1œ   s 1œo5 Ÿ 45=£yœ™;¢ /´V£žT£ 0 1œ e•  l 1œo5Ÿ 4>A› !›?£ £V› , ´!— V¢/– :£u¢/7– yŸo $!™ /£ l•œ s*š /£¥ >Ÿ±z¡7£Vµtš¥;¢ /œ˜ž£ . /¶– £ , • V!— /›5Ÿ´V!— k• › V¤y£¦—£ VšV•   2/¦™—  7 œ ‚Ÿš¦—™ /˜o/£ >  45 0 ?œ™ •£Vœ£ 2ž™!• VšV–A¦™V£¦—8š 0 • ='š -£ B   !›;Ÿš¦—™ /' - £ – › 0 ?œ >› , ˜ !— >œ =£)7› V¤y£¦C— >˜o6™ 2ž™— žš 0+£œ™¢ /´ !› . A™!˜¥¤)£ , ˜o™˜zB› ¤ )šV2˜ >œ£ž£ ˜ £V˜ !— /œ–*£y2˜ >›?™ o 1– , —™;˜ V£y˜o™˜ ps(1) ¢VŸo >Ÿ—œ™;¢ V—™—  •£Vœ£V›?£žš¥— V—£)œ™;¢ >´£¦T£ 0 ?œ  , —™!˜s˜o™/ £V˜ /œœ£V˜¦—  .  10
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GENERIC

kernel.old

kernel.old

/boot/kernel

# mv /boot/kernel /boot/kernel.bad mv /boot/kernel.good /boot/kernel

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# chflags noschg /kernel



kern_securelevel

/etc/rc.conf,

-1




# chflags schg /kernel

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9.

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¶Tn7\ g1\Q5U5Y5g1]!TU5T . v *kg5]>TU TVw1dh USB (dR/b5U1\>€FTg1Y5TzR/] Universal Serial Bus - j-g1Y5[>TVU1d\!_1`>g1\!m3Q5R/d_1ToS?R/[/\>]!T_1`/g1\m3a{Vj$] U1| \>^>R/]>\!]!`g1\TV€FTs^>R!_?`>aFY5ikdb5R>U5R-d]mXi , c1TVn‰Q1\>U1\_1_1T_1`/g5htTzY5_1YFQ5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g5htTzY5g5]!TVU v Tw1dh RS232. \>^>T_?YlS1_5mFg5Y5i - Q5U1R/d]>htTsY;S?TahtT . USB Q5U1T[>R-doiXRS*Y5]Q5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g5htw RS232 Yg5htw Y5g1]!TU v TVw1dhxS1_5mFQ5TVc1\!]>Y , g5Rlg5Tsd_1Y5aadom;[ UNIX-dY1d]!TVn7\!i . e^/R>w5]>Y;r]!j Q5U1R>^!_?TVnuj3nuR!WZg5R , b5j$Q5Y5[eQ5U5Y5g5]>TUd7S?[/jXn+m;Y5g5]!TVU Tw1dV\>nuY , USB YFQ1\>U1\_1_1T_1`/g5hn , b1\>b;j;nug5R/{YXi Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU5R>[ . … R/^>€]!T_1`/g5htT‚Y5g1]!TU v TVw1dhŠR>^>htc1g5RR>^/TVdQ1Tc5Y5[-\!e]]!R!_?`>b5ReRS?g5R-d]!R/U5R>g1g5 Q5TU5TS*\!c1j (d‚b1R/nuQ5`/]!TVU1\g?\Q5U5Y1g5]!TU ), ]>R>{oS\b1\>b;Q5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g5htTzY USB Q1RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>] S?[>jXd]>R>U5R/g5g5 . ;yR!_1TVTzg5R/[>htTsQ1\!U1\!_5_1T_1`>g5htTzQ5R>U5]>h (EPP Y ECP) Y{Vj-][>fV\>Y1nuRS*Tw1d]![>R/[/\!]>`[ R>^>R/YXikg1\!Q5U?\![!_?Tg5YXmXi3Q5R!S FreeBSD, TVd_1Y;Y1dQ5R!_1`/fj$T]/dom;b1\>^>T_?` , dR/R>]![/T]>d]![>j$e€FY5wFd]>\!gXS*\!U5]>j IEEE1284. , [>jXd]!R/U5R>g1g5TT‚[/fV\>Y1nuRS?TVw1d]>[>Y5TzdsQ5U5Y1g5]!TU1R/nŒc1TU5TVfzQ1\>U1\_5_?T_1`/g5htw;Q5R/U5]R/^>htc5g5Re[>htQ5R>_1gXm5TV]>dom;R!S?g5Y1n‰Y1f S?[>j-i;dQ5R-dR/^>R>[ . ~kTU5[/htwFnuT]!R!S%R/Q5Y5U1\>T]>dm;g1\v Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5Y5TzdQ1T}5Y1\!_1`>g1RdR/foS*\>g5g5† R>{VR)S?U1\>w5[>TVU1\Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ S1_5m FreeBSD, b5R>]>R>U5htwv {ReQ5U5Y5g1]!TU1\ . ]!R/]enuTV]!RS]!Y5Q5Y5c1TgFS1_5m d]!U5j$w5g1h)i;Q5U5Y5g5]>TU5R/[eYFnuR>WZT]lY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`-domeS1_5mFQ5R>_1j$c5Tg1YXm;Y5g R/U1n7\!}5Y1Y;R>^ej-U1R>[>g1Tzc5TVU5g5YX_%Y3S?U5j${VR>w Y5g v R>U?n7\!}5Y5YFRedR-d]!R>m5g5Y5Y . …s]>R>U5R/wRS%Y?dQ5R>_1`>fVj-TV]>dom , b5R/{oS*\Q5U5Y5g1]!TU%Q5RS1S?TUXWZY5[-\!TV] PostScript. \>b5]!Y5c1TVdb1Y , f\=S*\>g5YXm PostScript m5[!_1m5]>dmFQ5U5R/{U1\/n7n7\>nuY , Q1R/dh)_*\!TVnuhnuY;S1_5m;[/htQ5R!_1g1Tg5YXmTU5j ; R>g5Y [>R>R/^>€{j$]eg5Ts[/hyS*\![-\!]!`U5TfVj/_?`>]>\>]g1\e^>jXn7\!{VjeYR>fV[>U1\>€]!`tYXi;g5TVQ5R/dU5ToS*d]![>TVg5g5Reb5R/nuQ5`/]!TVU5j . PostScript ]>\!bXWZTyY1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T])S*[>jXd]!R/U5R>g1g5TTs[>fV\>Y1nuRS*Tw1d]![>Y5T7S1_5mR>^/€FTVg5YXm3b5R/nuQ1`>]>TU5j3ReQ5U5R>^>_1TVn7\!i , ]>\!b5Y5i;b1\!b;R/aFY5^/b5Y;[ PostScript-Q5U1R>{U?\>n7nuTzY5_1YFv3fv \>n+m5]!Y5Ty^>jXn7\>{Y . q)\!b?\mFY5g v R>U1n7\>}5YXmFnuR!WZTV]eQ5U1Y5{R!S?Y5]!`-dom Q5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_5m1n . ;yR!_?TTz]>R>{R , _1j$c5aFY1wFdQ5R-dR/^r TVb5]!Y5[/g5R>{VRtj$c5T]>\eY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!g1YXm PostScript-Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ ]!U5T^/j$T]tS*[>jXd]!R/U5R>g1g5T{VR[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw1d]![>Y5m : [/hxfV\!Q1U1\!aT]!T‚j3Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\efg1\>c5Tg5Y1Tsdc1T]!c5Y1b1\ed]!U1\>g5Y5} (db5R!_1`/b5Rd]!U1\!g1Y5}Fg1\>Q5Tc?\!]>\!_FQ5U5Y5g1]!TU%fV\[/dTs[>U5Tn+mR>[-\!g5Y5m ), fV\>]!TVn‰Q1R/dh)_*\!T]>TzfV\S*\!g1Y5T Q5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_5m , fV\>]!TVn dg5R/[/\tf\!Q5U1\>aFY5[-\!TV]!TzfVg1\!c5TVg5Y5TsT{Rldc5TV]!c5Y5b?\ed]!U1\!g5Y1} . …yhtc5Y5]/\!TVnŒRS?g5Refg1\>c5Tg1Y5TzY5f S?U5j${R/{R , Y<j$fg1\>TVn , db1R!_1`/b5R^>jXn7\>{Y;Q5R/]!U1\>]!YX_Q5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_1` . •


      



5_ m;Q5RS*bX_1c1Tg5YXmTU1\ec5TU1TfyQ1\!U1\!_5_1T_1`>g5htwFY5g5]!TVU v Tw1d , dR>ToS*Y5g5Y5]!TyQ5U5Y1g5]!TUe]!TUTuS?R>_5WZg5hƒQ5R>_1g5R-d]!`/ŠR>Q1Y1dht[-\!]!`er]!j Q5U5R>}1ToS?j$U5j . ~kR/nug5Y5]>T , b1\>b5R>wFQ1\!U1\!_5_1T_1`>g5htwFQ5R>U5]eb5R/nuQ1`>]>TU1\e[>hxY1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\!_1Y . ~kTU5[/htw;Q1\!U?\_5_1T_1`>g1htw;Q5R>U1][ ) FreeBSD - /dev/ppc0; [/]!R>U1R>w - /dev/ppc1, Y;]>\>b3S*\!_1TT . *3nuTg1\ejXd]!U1R>w1d]![tS1_1mFQ5U5Y5g1]!TU5R/[eY?dQ5R>_1`>fVj-e]]!j WT)doiXTnuj : /dev/lpt0 S1_5mFQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\lg1\Q5TVU5[>R-nKQ1\!U?\_5_1T_1`>g1R/nKQ5R/U5]!j3Y;] .S .

9.3.1.1.2.

,

 
 
       


5_ m;Q5RS*bX_1c1Tg5YXmTU1\ec5TU1TfyQ5R/d_1ToS?R/[/\>]!T_1`/g5htw3Y5g5]>TU v TVw1d , dR>TS?Y5g5Y1]!TsQ1U5Y5g5]!TVUT_1`/g5hnPb1\!^/T_1Tn . *kg1d]>U5j$b5}5Y5Y;S1_5mFQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ , S?_5mFb5R-nuQ5`>e]!TU1\eYX_1Y^/TuS?R!_1Wg1h Q5R!_1g1R/d]>`>ŠR/Q5Y1dht[/\!]>`r]!j3Q1U5R>}5TS?j$U5j .

9.3.1.1.3.

,









223

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zdo_1Yhxg5Tyfg?\!T]>T , c5]>Re]>\>b5R>T “Q5R!S1iXRS1m5€[-\!]!T_1`>g1htw3b1\!^/T_1` ”, nuR>WZT]!TyQ5R>Q1U5R>^/R>[/\>]!` Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`tR!S?Y5gFY1fsdo_?ToS?j$€TS?Y5gXm5TV]b1\!W<S*htwFaF]>htU bg5}1Tzb1\>^>T_1m;g1\!Q5U5m1nuj- dzdR>R/]![>TV]>d]![/j$€FY?n
a;b1R/nK 3g1(?\67S?0 U5j${R-nKb5R>g1}5T . | \!^>T_1`t]>\>b5R>{VR]!Y5Q?\]>\>bXWZTsg?\!fht[-\!]b1\!^/T_1Tn “DTE-to-DCE”. b1\>^>T_1`dR/ToS?Y1gXm5T]ec1\>d]!`ab1R>[g?\!Q5UXm1nuj$ , S?U5j${Y1T - nuTgXm5TV] (Q5TU1TVdh)_?b5jlS*\!g1g5h)i g1\Q5U5Y nPS*\>g5g5h)i , g1\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU ), \g5TVb5R>]!R/U5htT - f\!b5R/U1\!c5Y1[/\!TV]tg1\b?\W%S?R/nŒU1\!f
¶TVnuT . | \!^>T_1`t]>\>b5R>{VR]!Y5Q?\ ]>\>bXWZTsg?\!fht[-\!e]b1\!^/T_1Tn “DTE-to-DTE” cable. | \>^>T_?` B1¥#V=>%¦# >(?
ž)B!*"1(?%  , g5TR/^!iXRS*Y1nuhtwlS1_5mFg5TVb5R>]>R>U5h)i;U5TS?b5ReY1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$TVnuh)i3Q5U5Y5g1]!TU5R/[ , Q5R>iXR!W g1\g1j/_?` -nuRS?Tnug5htw;b1\>^>T_?` , g5RlQ5R/dh)_?\!TV]c1\>d]!`edY5{g?\_1R/[g1\edR>R/]![>TV]>d]>[>j$€\>bXWZTsg1\/d]!U1R>Y5]!`lr]>YFQ1\>U1\>nuTV]!U5hƒ[/fV\!Y?nuRS?TVw1d]![/YXm;dzQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU5R/n , R>^>htc1g5R - c5TU1Tfyr_1TnuTg5]!h j-Q1U1\![>_1Tg5Y5m;g1\t_1Y1}5T[/R>w;Q1\>g5T_?YFYX_1YT_1Y (DIP switches) g?\Q5U5Y1g5]!TU1T . …sht^/TU5Y1]!T n7\!b1dY1n7\_1`/g5j$‹db5R>U5R-d]!`eQ5TU1ToS*\>c5Y bps (^>Y5][edTVb5j$g$S?j , Y5g1R>{oS\ - baud rate), b5R/]!R>U5j$ nuR>{j$]eQ5RS5S*TUXWZY5[-\!]!` b1\!b;b1R/nuQ5`/]!TVU , ]>\>bFYTU . …yht^/TU5Y5]>T 7 YX_1Y 8 ^>Y5]!R/[tS*\>g5g5h)i ; c5T]>g5R/d]!` none, even YX_1Y odd; Y 1 YX_1Y 2 d]!R/Q -^/Y5]>\ . qy\>bXWZTsg?\=S?Re[>ht^>U?\!]!`Q1U5R>]!R/b5R!_<j-Q1U1\![>_1Tg5Y5m;Q5TU5TS*\!c1Tw : none YX_?Y XON/XOFF (]/\!bXWZT Y5f[/TVd]>g5htw;b1\>b “[/g5j$v ]!U5Y5Q1R!_1R-dg5htw ” Y5_1Y “Q5U5R/{U1\/n7nug5htw ”). Ž'\!Q1R/nug5Y5]>Tz[>ht^/U1\!g1g5htTzjXd]/\!g5R/[>b5YkS?_5m Q5R/d_1ToS?j$e€FT{VRb5R/g Y5{j$U5Y1U5R>[-\!g5YXm3Q5U1R>{U?\>n7nug5R/{RR/^>TdQ5TVc5Tg5Y5m . -



•

•



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9.3.1.2. 5@A:BDCEF=QLAKBDM6AK= JKBLMB B:GKIF>Q?ILIKJ DO

… Vr ]!R/nŒU1\!fS?T_1TyR>Q1Y1d\>g1\tg1\/d]!U5R/w5b1\Q5U5R>{VU1\>n7nug1R>{ReR>^/TVdQ1Tc5TVg5YXm , g5TR/^!iXRS*Y1n7\mlS1_5m]!Y€F`/ dY1d]!TVnuhŠdQ5j-_1Y5g5{\ LPD [ ) FreeBSD. …sR/]QX_?\>g3S?TVw1d]>[>Y5w , b5R>]>R>U5htTsg5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuR[>htQ5R>_1g5Y5]>` : v 1. ~kU5Yg Y5{Vj$U5Y5U5R/[/\!]>`[m$S?U1TsQ5R!S5S?TVUXWZb5jkQ5R>U5]/\ , b]!R/U5R/nujkQ5R!S?bX_1ec5Tg[-\!g5Y5Tum$S*U1\R/Q5Y1d\>g5R , c5]!Rlg1\=S?RedžS?T_?\!]!` . 2. d]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!`U1TWZY1nŒ[/fV\>Y1nuRS?TVw1d]>[>YXmlS1_5mg5R/{RQ1R>U5]>\ , TVd_1YFY?dQ5R>_1`>fVj-TV]>dom;Q?\!U1\!_5_1T_?`>g5htw Q1R>U5] ; S?TV]>\_?YFQ5U5TS*d]/\![!_?Tg5hƒ[eU1\!fS?T_?T „3\/d]!U1R>w5b1\U5TWZY1n7\e[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw?d]![/YXmlS1_5mFQ1\>U1\_1_1T_1`/g5R>{VRQ5R/U5]>\ . 3. ~kU5R/[>TVU5Y5]!` , nuR!WZT]e_1YFR/Q5TU?\!}5Y5R/g5g1\!m3dY1d]>TVn7\eQ5R/dh)_?\!]!`S*\!g1g5htTzg1\Q5U5Y5g1]!TU . …U1\!fS?T_1T ~kU1R>[>TVU5b1\t[/fV\>Y1nuRS?TVw1d]>[>YXmFdsQ5U5Y5g1]!TU5R-nPS*v \>g5hŠdR/[>TV]!h , b1\!b` . \>wX_ /etc/printcap. | \!b;rV]!RkdžS?T_?\!]!`eR>Q5Y?d\!g1RtS*\!_1TTs[r]>R>w 4. „3\/d]!U5R/Y5]!` LPD S1_5mTU1\ , Y5fnuTgXmXm {_?\![/T . 






  


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9.3.1.2.1.




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224

9. # grep sioN /var/run/dmesg.boot

‡S?T N - g1R/nuTUFQ5R/d_1ToS?R/[/\>]!T_1`/g5R>{VRtQ5R>U1]>\ , g1\>c5Y5g1\!mT]!TyU5TVfj-_1`>]/\!] , Q5R!S?R>^/g5htw do_1TS?j$€FTnuj : sio2 at port 0x3e8-0x3ef irq 5 on isa sio2: type 16550A

fg1\>c5Y5] , m$S*U5ReQ1RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>T]Q1R>U5] . k]!R>^/hxj-fVg1\!]>` , Q5R!S5S?TU5WY1[/\!TV]_1YFm$S?U5ReQ1\!U1\!_5_1T_1`>g5htwFY5g5]!TVU v Tw1d , g1\>^>TU1Y5]!T : # grep ppcN /var/run/dmesg.boot

‡S?T N g5R/nuTVUFQ1\>U1\_5_?T_1`/g5R>{VRQ5R>U1]>\ , g1\>c5Y5g1\!mFdzg1j/_1m . -zdo_?YT]!TsU5TfVj-_1`>]>\>] , Q5R!S?R>^/g5htw do_1TS?j$€FTnuj : ppc0: <Parallel port> at port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa0 ppc0: SMC-like chipset (ECP/EPP/PS2/NIBBLE) in COMPATIBLE mode ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/8 bytes threshold

f g1\>c5Y5] , m$S*U5ReQ1RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>T]Q1R>U5v ] . ˆ‰R!WZT]eQ5R>]>U5T^/R>[/\>]!`/dmlQ1TU5TVb5R>g Y1{j$U5Y5U5R/[/\>]!`tm$S?U5R , c5]!R/^>hƒR/Q5TU?\!}5Y5R/g5g1\!m3dY1d]!Tn7\U?\>dQ1R>fg?\_?\tY Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\_?\)Q1\>U1\_1_1T_1`/g5htw;YX_?YFQ5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g5htw3Q1R>U5] , Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$TVnuhtwlS1_5mTU1\ . k]!R>^/hS?R>^-\![>Y1]!`Q5R!S5S?TU5Wb1jlQ1R/do_?ToS?R/[/\!]>T_1`/g5R>{VRtQ5R>U5]/\ , R/^>U1\>]!Y5]!Td`bm5€FTVg5g5R/nuj b5" R>g v Y1{j$U5Y5U5R/[/\>g5Y5xm$S?U?\ . k]!R/^>hS?R/^/\>[>Y5]!`Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5j3Q1\>U1\_1_1T_1`/g5R>{VRtQ5R>U5]/\ , Q5R/c5Y5]>\>w5]!T)r]>R>]WZTyU1\!fS?T_ d_1ToS*j-e€FY5wFU1\!fS?T_ . 9.3.1.3.

B:G:=:H %  I?J L

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1. 2.

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# cd /dev

3.

…y[>TS?Y5]!Tyb5R-n7\!g$S?j : 225

9.

'‡ S?T port - Y1n+m{VR v \!w5_?\jXd]>U5R>w1d]![/\tS1_5mFQ1R>U5]>\ , b5R/]!R>U5htwh iXR>]>Y5]!T)dR>fS*\!]>` . *3dQ5R!_?`>fj$w5]>T lpt0 S1_5mTU1\eg1\Q1TU5[/R/n‰Q1\>U1\_1_1T_1`/g5R/nPQ5R/U5]!j , lpt1 S?_5mFQ5U5Y1g5]!TU?\g1\[>]!R/U5R/n Q1R>U5]!j3Yfj$w5]>T ttyd0 S1_5m{VRQ5R/d_1ToS*R>[/\>]!T_?`>g5R/{RtQ5R/U5]>\ , ttyd1 - S?_5m;[>]!R/U5R>{VRY\!b S\_1TVT . …y[>TS?Y5]!Tyb5R-n7\!g$S?j : ls -l port c1]!R>^/hƒj$^>ToS*Y5]!`/dm , c5]!Rl]!U5TV^>j$TVnuhtw%dQ5TV}5Y1\_?`>g5htw v \>wX_FjXd]>U5R>w1d]![/\edR>fS*\!g . # ./MAKEDEV port

4.

#











      





   
 






k~ U5Y;Y1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!g1Y5Y3Q1\!U?\_5_1T_1`>g1R>{RY5g5]!TVU v Tw1dV\nuR>Wg1Re[/ht^>U1\>]!` , S?R>_5WZg1\t_1Y ) FreeBSD [>fV\>Y1nuRS*Tw1d]![>R/[/\!]>`dzQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU5R/n‰g?\R/dg5R>[/TzQ5U1TU5ht[-\!g5Y5wFYX_1YFQ1j-]>TVn‰R/Q5U5R/dV\ . g1Y5[>TVU1d\!_1`>g5htw3S?U1\!w1[>TU Q5U5Y5g5]>TU1\ (lpt(4)) [>R FreeBSD 4.X Y 5.X Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T]dY1d]>TVnuj ppbus(4), b1R>]!R/U1\m;j$Q5U1\>[!_5m5TV]c5Y5Q?dT]>R/n‰Q5R/U5]>\ed Q5R/nuR/€F`>ƒS?U1\>w5[>TVU1\ ppc(4). ˆ‰TV]!RS[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw1d]![>Y5m (*(?!‚B!&6‚!(?"10 m5[!_5m5TV]>domFd]>\!g$S\!U5]!g1hnKS1_5mFm$S?U1\ GENERIC. ~kRer]!R-nuj nuTV]!RS?j , R/Q5TU?\!}5Y5R/g5g1\!mFdY1d]!TVn7\eY1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T]t_?Y5g5Y5 fV\>Q5U5R/dV\tQ5U5TVU5ht[/\>g5YXm (IRQ line) S1_5mFR/Q5U5TS?T_1TVg5YXm {VR>]!R/[>g5R-d]!Y;Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ebFQ5U5Y1TVnujlS*\>g5g5h)i . ˆ‰TV]!RS[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw1d]![>Y5m B?,>  B!* ]!U1| T^>j$TV]R>]R>Q5TVU1\!}5Y1R>g5g5R/wFdY?d]!TnuhƒQ5R/d]!R!m5g1g5Rf\!Q5U1\>aFY5[-\!]!` Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU , {VR>]!R/[_1Yg;bg;R/]![>TVc1\!TV] , c5]>Re{VR>]!R/[ , m$S?U5RlQ5R/dh)_?\!TV])S?R/Q5R!_1g1Y5]!T_?`>g5htT S*\>g5g5htT . ˆ‰T]!R!S%[/fV\!Y?nuRS?TVw1d]![/YXm3g1\eR/dg1R>[>TzQ5U5TU1ht[/\!g1Y5w;R>^/htc5g5RU?\!^>R/]>\!TV]g5Tdb5R>_1`>b5Re^>hd]!U5TT , g5RY?dQ5R>_1`>fVj-TV] }5Tg5g1j-‹_1Y5g1Y5‹f\!Q5U1R/d\Q5U5TVU5ht[/\>g5YXm . ~kU5Reg5Tb5R/]!R>U1htTsg5R/[>htT‚Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU5h HP j-]>[>TU5W<S\!] , c5]!RlR>g1Y U1\!^/R>]>\>]g5TVb5R>U1U5Tb5]>g5Re[eU5TWZY1nuTy[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw?d]![/YXm;g1\,R-dg5R/[>T‚Q1U5TU5ht[-\!g5Y1w , [>TVU5R!m5]!g1R , Y5f -f\g5TVb5R>]>R>U5R/w (TV€FTzg1Ts[/Q5R!_1g1TzQ5R/gXm5]!g5R/w ) Q1U5R>^>_1TVnuhƒdY5gXiXU5R>g1Y5fV\>}5Y5Y . _5m;rV]!YXiFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU5R>[eg5TR/^!iXRS*Y1nuRjXd]>\>g1\![>_1Y5[-\!]!` U5TWZY1n‰R/Q5U5R-d\ . *3dQ5R!_?`>fj$w5]>Tz]!R/]U5TWY?n , b5R>]>R>U5htw]>\>T] . „kTVb5R>]!R/U5htTzQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU5hŠ^/j/S?j$]U1\!^/R>]>\>]!`[ R>^>R/YXikU5TWZY1n7\!i , g5ReR/b1\!fVht[/\>]>dmkb1U1\!w5g1TynuTS1_1Tg1g5hnuYF[lU5TWZY1nuTyg1\v R-dg5R/[>T‚Q1U5TU5ht[-\!g5Y1w . TWZY1n [>fV\>Y1nuRS*Tw1d]![>YXm;nuR>Wg1RejXd]/\!g5R/[>Y5]!`tS?[>jXn+m^/\/nuY : b1R>g Y5{Vj$U5Y5U5j-m3m$S?U5ReYX_1Y%dzQ5R-nuR>€ Q5U5R>{VU1\>n7nuh lptcontrol(8). @ #X2]!TVn , Q5R/d]!U5R>c1g5R , !(1" F¥# >(? [/[>TS?Y5]!TsQ5U5R>{VU1\>n7nuj , Q1R/db1R!_1`/b5jk[>hxg5T)dnuR!WZTV]!TsR/]!U5TS*\!b5]>Y5U5R>[-\!]!` d]>U5R>b5j3Q1R/do_?Tzg1\!WZ\>]!YXmFb5_?\![/Y5aFY RETURN YX_?Y ENTER. ~kRR/b5R>g1c1\!g5Y1Y;[>[/RS*\tQ1U5R>{VU1\>n7nuh , g1\!v W nuY5]!T CONTROL+D YX_1YFS?U5j${j$Šb1R/nu^>Y1g1\!}5Y1‹bX_*\![>Y1a , Y1dQ5R!_1`/fj$TVnuj$xS?_5mF[>[/RS*\dY1nu[/R!_?\b5R>g5}?\ \!w5_?\ . v ˆ‰R>Wg1R]>\>bXWZTsQ5R-nuTVd]!Y5]!`lQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nuj3[ \!w5_FYF[/htQ5R!_1g1Y5]!`b1R/n7\!gXS?j : cat file > /dev/lptN ‡S*T file - Y1n+m v \!w5_?\ , dRS?TVUXW \!€{VU1\>n7nuj , b5R/]!R>U1j- [>h iXR/]!Y5]!TyQ5R/d_?\!]>`Q5U5Y1g5]!TU1j . -

#

#

…shS*R!_5WZg5hƒj$[/Y$S?T]>`U1\/dQ5TVc1\!]!b1j . „kTzQ5TVU5TWZY5[-\!w5]!T , TVd_1Y;]!TVb1d]l[>ht{_5m$S?Y5]eg5Ty]>\!b , b1\!b{V\!_1R/d` ; r]!Y1nuYnuYfWZT .

228

9.

@

9.3.1.3.2.2.













 
   



  





… rV]!R/nŒU1\!fS?T_1TyR>Q1Y1d\>g5R , b1\>b;Q5U5R/[>TVU5Y5]!` , nuR!WZT]_1Y ) FreeBSD [>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw?d]![/R>[/\>]!`dsQ5U5Y5g5]>TU5R-n , Q5R#XS?2Q5(?R> aF_1Y5]!Tyg1\Q1U5Y5g5]!TVUR>_1`>a<j$ Q5U5R/{U1\/n7nuj . …y[>RS*Y5]!TyQ5U5R>{VU1\>n7nuj , Q5R-d]!U1R>c5g5R , , Q1R/db1R!_1`/b5jkg1\W \!]>Y5TzbX_*\![>Y1aFY BackspacTsYX_1Y3S*U5j${YXi;bX_*\![>Y1a U5TS*\!b5]>Y5U5R>[-\!g5Y5mFnuR!WZT]eY1nuT]!`lfg?\!c5TVg5Y5T7S?_5mFQ5U5Y1g5]!TU?\ . ˆŒR!WZT] ]>\>bXWZTsQ5R/g1\=S*R>^>Y1]!`/dmkg?\W \!]!`ldQ5TV}5Y1\!_1`>g5j$‹b5R/nu^/Y5g1\!}1, Y5‹b5_?\![/Y5a , R/^>R>fVg1\!c?\!€<j$xb5R>g5TV} v \>wX_?\ , c5]!R/^>hƒQ1U5Y5g5]!TVUFQ5R/gXmX_ , c5]!RQ1R!_1j$c5TVg1\[-dom;Q5U5R/{U1\/n7n7\ . _5m PostScript-Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU5R>[g1\W nuY5]!T CONTROL+D. ˆ‰R>Wg1R]>\>bXWZTsQ5R-nuTVd]!Y5]!`lQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nuj3[ v \!w5_FYF[/[>TVd]!Y;b5R-n7\!g$S*j : >file ‡S*T file - Y1n+m v \!w5_?\ , dRS?TVUXW \!€{VU1\>n7nuj v . ~kR-do_1Ts]!R>{VR , b1\>b;j$]!YX_1Y1]>\ tip(1) Q5R>aF_1T] v \!wX_ , g1\!WZnuY1]!T)]!U5T^/j$TVnuj$xS1_1mF[>[/RS*\tQ1U5Y5fg?\!b1\b5R>g5}?\ \>wX_?\tb5R-nu^>Y5g?\!}5Y5‹bX_?\>[>Y5a . -

%

s… hS*R!_5WZg5hƒj$[/Y$S?T]>`U1\/dQ5TVc1\!]!b1j . „kTzQ5TVU5TWZY5[-\!w5]!T , TVd_1Y;]!TVb1d]l[>ht{_5m$S?Y5]eg5Ty]>\!b , b1\!b{V\!_1R/d` ; r]!Y1nuYnuYfWZT .

229

9. 9.3.1.4. 9E  LI?J LI>Q?Y %IKAK= :
V=:C /etc/printcap

sTw5c1\/d‚[-\!a Q1U5Y5g5]!TVUFj-WZT‚S*R!_5WZTght]!`eQ5RS*bX_1c1Tg , m$S?U5R (Q5U5YY ) - db5R/g v Y5{Vj-U1Y5U5R>[-\!g5RtS1_5m [>fV\>Y1nuRS*Tw1d]![>YXm;dsg5Y1n , YF[>hƒdVnuR>{_1YFQ5R-do_?\>]!`g?\Q5U5Y1g5]!TU%Q5U5R-d]!htT‚S*\!g5g1htT . qyTVQ5TU5`knuhƒ{VR>]!R/[>h b b5R>g v Y1{j$U5Y5U5R/[/\>g5Y5v ŠdY1d]!Tnuh LPD S1_1mFj$Q5U1\![>_1Tg1YXmkS?R/d]!j$v Q5R/nKbg Y5{Vj$U5Y5U5j$T]/domFQ5j$]!Tn‰U5TS*\!b5]>Y5U5R>[-\!g5Y5m \!wX_?\ /etc/printcap. )sY?d]!Tn7\edQ5j-_1Y5g5{\ LPD c5Y5]>\>T]rV]!R>] v \!wX__1`>fVR>[-\!g5Y5Y;dQ5j-_1TU?\ , ]>\>b;c5]!R , Y5fnuTg5TVg5YXmF[ v \!wX_1TydU1\>fjlWZT j-c1Y5]!ht[/\>v]>dm . R/U1n7\!] \!wX_*\ printcap(5) Q5U1R/d] . *3dQ5R>_1`>fVj$w5]!Tsd[>R/w3_1^/Y1nuhtwF]>Tb1d]!R>[/htwFU5TS*\!b5]>R>UkS1_1mFY5fVnuTVg5Tg1YXm v \!w5_?\ v \>wX_?\tY$S*Tg5]!Y1c5Tg v R>U1n7\>]!jeS?U5j${Y5i v \!wX_1R/[ , R/Q5Y1dht[-\!e€FYXili5\!U1\>b5]!TU1Y1d]!Y1b5Y , /etc/printcap. R>U1n7\>] g1\!Q5U1Y1nuTU , /usr/share/misc/termcap Y /etc/remote. ~kR!_1g1\!m3Y5g v R>U?n7\!}5YXm;R v R>U1n7\>]!TzQ5U1ToS*d]>\![>_1Tg1\g1\ d]!U1\>g5Y5}5T)dQ1U1\![/R>c5g5R/{RtU5j$b5R/[>R!S*d]![-\ cgetent(3). ~kU5R/d]!R>T‚b1R>g v Y5{Vj$U5Y5U5R/[/\!g1Y5TzdQ1j/_?TU1\[>bX_1ec1\!TV]ed_1ToS?j$e€FY5Tya{Y : v \!wX_ 1. …yht^>TVU5Y5]!TyY1n+m (Y;g5Tdb5R>_1`>b1Rj/S?R>^/g5h)ikQ1dTV[S?R/g5Y1nuR>[ ) S1_1mFQ5U5Y5g1]!TU1\lY;Q1R/nuTVd]!Y5]!T)YXi;[ T *3nuTVg5R>[-\!g5Y5TsQ5U5Y5g1]!TU1\ . /etc/printcap; Q5RS?U1R>^>g1TT‚R/^Y1nuTVg5R>[-\!g5Y5YhyS*\>c5jkg1\!c1\!_1`>g1h)ikd]!U1\!g1Y5} (b5R>]>R>U5htTsQ5RejXnuR>_1c1\!g1Y5Š[/hyS*\!e]>dom ), [/d]>\![/Y5[ i5\>U1\!b5]>TU5Y1d]!Y5b5j sh; Q5R!S?U5R/^>g5TVT‚R>^er]!R-nŒdn . [lU1\!fS?T_?Ts~kR!S*\![>_1Tg5Y1T‚[>hyS*\>c5Y;g1\>c1\_?`>g5h)i;d]>U1\!g5Y1} . 3. )sR/foS*\>w5]!Tzb?\!]>\!_1R>{‚S1_5mg1\!iXR!W%S?Tg1Y5TsdsQ5R/nuR/€F`/ƒi5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5Y sd; Q1RS?U5R/^>g5TVTzR/^r]!R-nŒdn . [U1v \>foS?T_1 T )sR>foS\!g5Y5Tzb1\!]>\!_1R>{\dQ5j-_1Y5g5{\ . 4. …yht^>TVU5Y5]!T)dQ1T}5Y1\!_1`>g1htw S?_5mFY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!g1YXm;d‚Q5U5Y1g5]!TU1R/nŒY<j$b1\WZY5]!TsT{VR[ v \>wX_1T /etc/printcap dzQ5R/\!nuwX_]!ŠU5R/i5w1\!U1d]!\>[-b5\ ]!T/dev 1 U 1 Y  d ! ] Y1b5Y lp; Q5R!S?U5R/^>g5TVT‚R>^er]!R-nŒdn . [eU1\!fS?T_?T …yht^/R>U;jXd]>U5R>w1d]![/\tS1_5mFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ . | U5R/nuTs]!R>{VR , TVd_1YFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVUFQ5R!S?bX_1ec5Tg[-\!]!T_1`>g1R/nujQ1R>U5]!j , g?\>d]>U5R>w5]>TsQ1\>U1\>nuTV]!U5hƒ[/fV\>Y1nuRS?TVw1d]>[>YXmFdzQ5R/nuR/€F`>Ši5\!U1\>b5]!TU1Y1d]!Y1b5Y ms#, b5R/]!R>U?\m;R>^-dj-W%S*\!TV]>dom;[ U?\!foS*T_1T | R>g v v Y5{Vj$U5Y5U5R/[/\!g1Y5T‚Q1\>U1\>nuTV]!U5R>[e[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw1d]![>Y5meS?_5m\>g5R>[/Y5]!T YX_1`>]>UkS1_5v mFR/^>htc5g1R>{R]!Tb1d]>\ ; Q5R!S?U5R/^>g5TVTzR>^er]!R-nŒdn . [eU1\>foS?T_1T 5. d]>\>g5R>[/b1\]>Tb1d]!R>[/R>{R YX_1`>]>U1\ . 6. ~kU5R/[>TVU5`>]!Tsg1\>d]!U5R/w5b5j , g1\>Q5Tc1\>]>\![c5]!R -g5Y5^/j>S*`ed‚Q1R/nuR>€‹b5R/n7\>g$S?h lpr(1). ~kR!S?U5R>^/g5TTzR>^rV]!R/n dn . [ U?\!foS*T_?\!i3~kU1R>[>TVU5b1\tY%…yh)m5[!_1TVg5Y5TzQ1U5R>^>_1TVn . . ’!‘¶“ ’ “ : ”A œ —£œ– , VšV•   2¥Ÿ±z/¡ V£zš•£V² V!™ –*T£ 0 2V–A;˜  , ™!•œ !›?£Vœ , PostScript- •œ —£Vœ– , £s7› F4 Ÿ— £V• šVœ£¥ -š¦—=¦£ e•£V´V™—™— K¢>–  ´ –Aµt—£V˜oš¥— . ”Aœ =š¦—N™ 0 ™Vš¦—=œ >µ!˜o™ , •œ£  $š¦—™' - £ ™ 0k)– ‚/£ />• Všž™ N™ 03 *š /£¥ >Ÿ±z/ ¡ N7lœ6™ 2¥ -*£ /N™ 7 , •œ£¥ 1•  /5™ 4 ™V£¦— , ´!—  , £ž*š V–\!_1R>{ , [b5v R/]!R>U5R-n g1\iXRS?m5]>dom;f\=S*\>g5YXm;Q5TVc1\!]!Y , Q5R/b1\g5Ts^>j/S?j$]g?\!Q5TVc1\!]>\>g5h , Y;g1\!iXRS1m5]>dmFT€_1`>b1R)S?U5j${Y5i \!wX_1R/[)S1_5m Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5Y%dQ5j-_1TVU1\ . *kf -fV\tQ5U1Y1dj$€FY5i;b1\!]>\!_1R>{\>nKdQ1j/_?Y5g5{V\eQ5R-d]!R>m5g5g5h)i3Y5fVnuTVg5Tg1Y5w , Q5U1Y5gXm5]!RlQ5R/nuTV€]!`rV]!YFb1\>]>\_?R>{YF[ b1\!]>\!_1R>{ /var/spool. | U5R-nuTs]>R>{R , g5Tsg5j-Wg1RldR>foS\![/\>]!`tU5TVfTU1[>g5htTsb5R>Q5Y1Y{Reb1\!]/\_1R/{R>[ dQ5j-_1Y5g1{V\ . ~kTU5TdR>fS*\!]>`YXiFnuR!WZg5RldzQ1R/nuR>€ƒQ1U5R/d]!R>wg$S?h mkdir(1). ~kU5Y5gXm5]!Re]>\!b5WTyfV\S*\![-\!]!`tS1_5mFb1\>]>\_?R>{V\Y1n+m , dR>[>Q?\=S*\>€FTVTzdsY1nuTg5Tn‰Q5U5Y5g1]!TU1\ , b1\>bFQ5R/b1\!f\!g5Rg5YXWZT :

9.3.1.4.3.







)

# mkdir /var/spool/

 - 
  

S?g1\!b1RQ5U5Y%g1\_?Y5c5Y5Y;^/R!_1`/aFR/{Rb5R>_1Y5c5Td]![-\Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU5R>[e[ldT]!Y%nuR!WZT]eY1nuT]!`kdnuhd_\!_1R>{VYFdQ1j/_?Y5g5{V\[R!S?Y5gFb?\!]>\!_1R>{ , b5R>]>R>U5htw;Q1U5R/d]!RU5TVfTVU5[>Y5U1j-TV]>dom3S?_5mFQ5TVc1\!]!Y%d‚Q5R-nuR>€ LPD. ˆ‰h džS?T_?\!TnKr]!RS1_5mFg?\!aFY5ieS*[>j-i3Q5U5Y5g5]>TU5R/[ , rattan Y bamboo:

# mkdir /var/spool/lpd # mkdir /var/spool/lpd/rattan # mkdir /var/spool/lpd/bamboo

’!‘¶“’“ : >š* ž™šC—£Vœ£žš¥Ÿ£¥—˜³ -£²V™! š¦—2¦™ -™!µ , —=•œ™* 10>£V›¶–:7•  2*/¦™—£* 10X›.™•£V´V™— , ›7V.¤ 2ž™!/¡ — — t˜o™—™  4*š•o!Ÿ 754 ™ , ´!— V¢/– F£+¢>B– ¢/¡7£¥  =š¦—žŸ• –A› . ™—™  4'yšV•o!Ÿ 54 ™z   !¤ – •œ™o  /£¥¤y™—  s¢/–?— u  =š¦—žŸ• – ™´—£ V£ , 2ž™!• Vš 9•œ =šV7› —=œsš  $£œo¤ !7› F45k•   2/¦™—*£ 5± daemon  49œoŸ••£ daemon, .!2˜ /›5Ÿz; ¢   ‚£ . 3–%Ÿš¦—™ /  !›
¦!— )  103˜o™—™  4G>7šV•o!Ÿ 54 ™•œ —£Vœ >C  2/™ ‚£ 45l•œ !›?£Vœ™ : .

# # # #



chown chown chmod chmod

daemon:daemon /var/spool/lpd/rattan daemon:daemon /var/spool/lpd/bamboo 770 /var/spool/lpd/rattan 770 /var/spool/lpd/bamboo

3„ \!b5R/g5T} , g?\=S?RdR>R/^>€FY1]!`dY1d]!TVnuT LPD R>^er]!Y5ikb?\!]>\!_1R>{\i3d‚Q5R-nuR>€F`/ v \!w5_?\ b1\!]>\!_1R>{\dQ1j/_?Y5g5{V\fV\S*\!TV]>domFdsQ5R/nuR/€F`/ƒi5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5Y sd:

/etc/printcap.

~kR!_1g5R/T‚Y1n+m

# # /etc/printcap 
 rose - 
 
 # rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:

  

  

    
  

bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:

232

9.

e^>U1\>]!Y5]!Ts[>g5Y1n7\>g5Y5T , c5]!RlY1n+mFQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\lg1\!c5Y1g1\!TV]>domFdyd\/nuR>{RQ5TU5[/R>{Red]!R>_1^>}1\ , \[-dTsQ5R/d_1ToS?j$e€FY5T)d]!U1R>b5Y d nuT€R>_\>^>j-_5m5}5Y5YFYFb1\!W<S\mFd]>U5R>b1\[ef\!Q5Y?dY , b5U1R/nuTyQ5R/d_1ToS?g1Tw , f\![/TU5a%\!T]/dom dY1nu[/R!_1R-nKR>^>U?\!]!g5R/w3b5R/dR>w . -zdo_1Yhxg5TyfV\S*\=S*Y5]!Tzb?\!]>\!_1R>{ydQ5j-_1Y5g1{V\ld‚Q5R-nuR>€F`/ƒi5\!U?\!b5]!TVU5Y1d]!Y5b5Y sd, dY1d]!TVn7\ldQ5j-_1Y1g5{V\e^>j/S?TV] Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`tQ5RljXnuR!_1c?\!g5Y5‹b1\!]/\_1R/{ /var/spool/lpd.











  
  


… U?\!foS*T_1T , R>^-\![!_?Tg5Y5T v \>wX_1R/[ /dev S1_5mFQ1R>U5]!R/[enuhƒ[/h)m1dg5Y5_1Y , b1\>b5R>wg5htw v \!wX_FjXd]!U5R>w?d]![-\[ b1\!]>v \!_1R>{VT /dev FreeBSD ^>j/S?T| ]eY1dQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!`yS?_5mF[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw?d]![/YXmFdzQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU5R/n . qyTQ5TVU5`lnuh‹dR>R/^>€%\!TVnPrV]!j Y5g R>U?n7\!}5Y5 dY1d]!TVnuT LPD. R/{oS*\j;dY1d]!TVnuhŠv dQ5j-_1Y5g5{\Td]!`efV\S*\!g5Y1T7S1_5m]!Y , R/g1\t^/j>S*T]R/]!b5U5ht[-\!]!` j-b?\!fV\>g5g5R/T‚jXd]!U5R/w1d]>[>RR/]Y1nuTVg5YFQ1U5R>{VU1\>n7nuh - YX_1`/]!U1\ (b5R/]!R>U1\!m3R>]![/Tc1\>T]f\Q5TVU5ToS\!c5jeS*\>g5g5h)i3g1\ Q5U5Y5g5]>TU ). Ž'\=S*\>w5]!TsQ5R!_1g1R>TzY?n+mFjXd]!U5R/w1d]>[/\ /dev [ v \!wX_?T /etc/printcap dzQ5R-nuR>€xi5\!U?\!b5]!TVU5Y1d]!Y5b5Y lp. … g?\!aFTn‰]!TVb5j$€FTVnŒQ5U5Y1nuTVU5T‚S\![/\>w5]!TsQ5U5ToS*Q5R!_1R>WZY1n , c5]>ReQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU rattan Q5RS*bX_1c1TgFbR/nuj Q1\!U1\!_5_1T_1`>g5v R-nujeQ1R>U5]!j , \Q5U5Y1g5]!TU bamboo - bT_1`/g5R/nujlQ5R>U1]!j ; [/R>]c1]!Reg1j/WZg5R S?R>^-\![>Y1]!`[ \>wX_ /etc/printcap:

9.3.1.4.4.











# rose -   # /etc/printcap 
 ,    # rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:

  

  

         
  



bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:

zdo_1YF[>hxg5Tsj-b?\WZT]!Tzi5\!U1\>b5]!TU1Y1d]!Y1b5j lp S?_5m;Q5U5Y5g1]!TU1\e[ v \>wX_1T /etc/printcap, dY1d]!TVn7\ LPD Y1dQ5R!_1`/fj$T] Q5RjXnuR!_?c1\!g5Y1‹jXd]>U5R>w1d]![>R /dev/lp. d]>U5R>w1d]![>R /dev/lp dTVw5c1\>dz[ ) FreeBSD g5Tydj$€FTd]![/j$T] . -zdo_1Y<jXd]>\>g1\![>_1Y5[/\>TVnuhtw3Q5U1Y5g5]!TVUfoS?T_1j d]/\!g5R/[>b1\t]>Tb1d]!R>[/R>{R v YX_1`/]!U1\ . *kg1\!c5Ts[>htQ5R>_1g5Y5]>Tsdg?\!c1\!_?\Y5g?d]!U5j$b5}1Y5Y , Q5U1ToS*d]>\![>_1Tg5g1htTs[ldo_1TS?j$€FTn U1\!fS?T_1T . -

9.3.1.4.5.

,








 
  

   








      


_5m;Q5U5Y5g1]!TU5R/[eg?\Q5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g5h)ikQ5R/U5]>\i;dY1d]!Tn7\ LPD nuR!WZT]ej$d]>\!g?\![!_?Y5[/\>]!`db1R>U5R-d]!`eQ5TU5TS*\!c1Y , c5T]!g1R/d]>`eYkS*v U5j${Y5TyQ1\!U?\>nuT]>U5hƒ[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw?d]![/YXm;c5TU1TfzQ1R/do_?ToS?R/[/† \!]>T_1`/g5h)ilQ1R>U5]eR>]Y?nuTg5Y Q5U5R>{VU1\>n7nuh - YX_1`/]!U1\ , b1R>]!R/U1\m;Q5R-dh)_?\>T])S\!g5g5htTyg1\Q5U5Y5g5]>TU . ]!RQ1R!_1TVfg5ReQ5R>]!R-nuj , c5]!R : ~kR/f[>R>_5m5T]tR/Q5U5R/^>R>[-\!]!`tU?\!f_?Y5v c5g5htTsQ1\!U1\/nuT]!U1hƒ[>f\!Y1nuR!S?Tw1d]![>Y5m , Q5U5R/d]!RU1ToS*\>b5]!Y5U5j-m v \>wX_ /etc/printcap; Q5U1R>{U?\>n7nuj - YX_?`>]!U;Q1TU5TVb5R/nuQ5Y5_1Y5U5R/[/\!]>`g5Tyg5j-WZg5R . ~kR/f[>R>_5m5T]dY1d]>TVnuT)dQ5j-_1Y5g1{V\Y?dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!`R!S?g5jkYF]!jkWZTyQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nuj -v YX_1`/]!UkS1_1mFg5TVdb5R!_?`>b5YXi Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU5R>[ , b5R>]>R>U5htT)nuR>{Vj-]Y1nuT]!`lU1\>f_1Y5c1g5htTsjXd]>\!g5R/[>b5Y3S1_5mF[/fV\!Y?n+R!S?Tw?d]![/YXm3c5TU5TVfsQ1R/do_?ToS?R/[/\!]>T_1`/g5htw Q5R/U5] .

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233

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z_1ToS?j$e€FY5TziX\>U1\!b1]!TU5Y?d]!Y5b1Y]Q?\!U1\/nuT]!U5hŠ[>fV\>Y1nuRS*Tw1d]![>YXm3c5TVU5Tf Q5R/d_1ToS?R/[/\>]!T_1`/g5htw3Q5R/U5]tS1_1mFjXd]!U5R/w1d]>[/\ , j-b?\!fV\>g5g5R/{Rt[b?\!c5Td]![/TsfVg1\!c5TVg5YXm3i5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5Y lp: )

br#bps-rate

d]>\!g1\>[!_1Y1[/\!TV]db5R/U5R/d]!`[/fV\>Y1nuRS?TVw1d]>[>YXmkS1_1mFjXd]!U5R/w1d]>[/\[ bps-rate, {oS?T bps-rate nuR!WZT]eY1nuT]!` fg1\>c5Tg1Y5T 50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 YX_1Y 115200 ^/Y5][kdTb1j-gXS?j .

ms#stty-mode

d]>\!g1\>[!_1Y1[/\!TV]tR>Q5}1Y5Y3S1_1mF]!TU?nuY5g1\_?`>g5R/{RjXd]!U5R>w?d]![-\Q5R-do_1TsR>]!b5U1ht]!YXm<jXd]!U5R>w?d]![-\ . k~ RS5S*TUXWZY5[-\!TVnuhtTzR>Q5}5Y1YFR>Q1Y1d\>g5hxg1\d]!U1\>g5Y5}5T)dQ5U?\![>R/c5g5R/{RU5j$b5R/[>R!S*d]![-\ stty(1). | R>{oS\dY1d]!TVn7\ LPD R/]!b5U5ht[-\!T]j$d]!U5R/w1d]![/R , f\=S*\>g5g5R/T7i5\!U1\>b5]!TU1Y1d]!Y1b5R>w lp, R>g1\jXd]>\>g1\![>_1Y5[/\>T]tR/Q5}5Y5Y j$d]!U5R/w1d]![-\[ldR>R/]![>TV]>d]>[>Y5YFdRfVg1\!c5TVg5Y5TnKi5\!U1\>b5]!TU1Y1d]!Y1b5Y ms#. „3\>Y5^>R>_1`>a]>R>U5htTsR>Q5Y1dV\!g5hxg?\ed]!U1\!g1Y5}5T dQ5U1\>[>R/c5g5R>{VRtU5j$b5R>[/RS*d]![/\ stty(1). , \![/\>w5]!T‚f\=S*\S?Y1nKR/Q5}5Y5Y;S1_5mFg1\>aFTV{RQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\eg1\aR/n‰Q5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g1R/nPQ5R>U1]!j . ˆ‰hƒjXd]>\>g5R>[/Y1n db5R/U5R/d]!`Q5TVU5ToS\!c5Y 38400. … b1\!c5Td]![/TzU5TWZY1n7\jXd]>\!g5R/[>Y1nK^/Tfsc5T]!g1R/d]>Y -parenb, 8-^>Y1]!R>[/htT dY1nu[/R!_1hƒdsQ5R/nuR/€F`/ cs8, R>]>dj$]>d]![/Y5T)nuRS?Tnug5R>{VRj$Q5U1\>[!_1TVg5YXmFdsQ5R/nuR/€F`> clocal Y]!g5R/T j-Q1U1\![>_1Tg5Y1TzQ5R/]!R>b5R-n‰dzQ1R/nuR>€ƒR/Q5}5Y5Y crtscts:

bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:ms#-parenb cs8 clocal crtscts:




  









  


sq TVQ5TU1`enuhx{./R/]![/h 67fV0 \=S‚\!"-]!#`/dY1 d]>TVnuT LPD, b1\!b1R>w3]!TVb1d]!R/[>?htw (1v =Y50 _1z`>]!"-UF#>Y1dQ5 R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`sS1_5m;Q1R/dh)_?b5Y;fV\S*\!g1Y5w;g1\ Q5U5Y5g5]>TU . , Y5fV[>Td]!g5htw\!b5WTyb1\>b , - rV]!ReQ1U5R>{VU1\>n7n7\ , b5R>]>R>U5j$ dvY1d]!TVn7\ LPD fV\>Q5jXdb1\>T]Q5U1YFQ5R>_1j$c5Tg5Y1YFfV\S*\!g1YXm;g1\Q1Tc1\>]!` . | R>{oS\dY1d]!TVvn7\ LPD f\!Q5jXdb1\!TV]t]!Tb1d]!R>[/htw YX_1`>]>UkS1_5mFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ , R>g1\g1\!Q1U1\![>_5m5T]g?\ed]>\!g$S\!U5]!g1htwF[!iXR!S?g5R>w3Q1R>]!R/b YX_1`/]!U1\f\=S*\>g5Y5TsQ5Tc1\>]!Y , \eT{VR d]>\>g$S*\!U1]!g5htwF[/h)iXRS?g5R/v w3Q5R>]>R>b - g1\ejXd]!U5R/w1d]>[>RQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ , fV\=S\!g5g5R/T7i5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5R>w lp. ~kU5ToS?Q1R!_?\>{V\!TV]>dom , c1]!R Y5_1`>]!UFQ5U5R>c1Y5]>\!TV]f\=S*\>g5Y5TzY1fyd]>\!g$S\!U5]!g1R>{Re[!iXRS*g5R>{RQ5R>]!R/b1\ , [/htQ5R!_?g5Y5][-dT g5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuhtTuS1_5mFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\eQ5U5TR/^>U1\>fR/[/\!g1YXmlYhyS*\/dv]U1Tfj-_1`/]>\!]e[ed]>\!g$S\!U5]! g1htwF[>h)iXR!S?g5R>wFQ5R>]!R/b , b5R>]!R/U5htw;Yj/S?T]eg1\!Q1Tc1\>]>\!g . ~kRS?U5R/^>g5TVT‚R]>Tb1d]!R>[/R/n YX_1`/v ]!U5T)dn . [eU1\!fS?T_?T YX_1`/]!U5h . , _5m;Q5U5R-d]!R/wFg1\/d]!U5R/w5b5Y;Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\l[b1\>c5TVd]![>Ts]!Tb?d]!R/[>R>{VR YX_1`/]!U1\lnuR!WZg5RefV\=S\!]!`eg5T^/R!_1`/aFR>w;db5U5Y5Q1] b5R/n7\>g$S?g5R/{RY5g1]!TU5Q1U5T]>\>]!R>U?\ , b1R>]!R/U5htwFv Q5U1R/d]>R[>htQ1R!_1gXm5TV] /bin/cat S1_5mFQ1R/dh)_?b5Y;fV\S*\!g1YXm;g1\eQ5U5Y5g5]>TU . … dR/d]>\![/T FreeBSD Q5R/d]>\![>_5m5T]/domkS?U5j${VR>w YX_?`>]!U , lpf, R>^/U1\!^-\!]!ht[-\!e€FY5wkfV\>^>R/w3YFQ5R!S?c5TU1b5Y5[/\>g5Y5T‚S1_5m Q5U5Y5g5]>TU5R/[ , b5R/]!R>U1htTsg5Tydo_1Y1aFb5R-nKiXR>U5R/aFRdQ5U1\![>_5m5]/dom]!R/b5R/nKS*\!g5g5h)i , dRS?TVUXW \!v €R!_?h . * , b5R>g1Tc5g5RWZT , [>h‹nuR!WZT]!TyY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>`)_1^/j-ŠS?U5j${Vj- g5TVR>^!iXR!S?Y1nuj$ƒQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nuj - YX_?`>]!U . YX_?`>]!U lpf S?T]>\!_1`>g1RR>Q1Y1d\>g;[U1\>foS?T_1T lpf: ]>Tb1d]!R>[/htw v YX_1`/]!U . )sg1\!c1\!_?\yS*\>[/\>w5]!TsdR>fS*\=S?Y?n‰db5U5Y1Q5]eb1R/n7\!gXS?g5R>{VRY5g5]>TU5Q5U1T]>\>]!R>U1\ /usr/local/libexec/if-simple S1_5m Q5U5R/d]!R>{VR]!Td]!R/[>R>{VR v YX_1`/]!U1\ . ~kR/nuTVd]!Y5]!Ts[r]>R>] v \>wX_Fdo_?ToS?j$€€F`/x_1e^>Y1nuR/{R]!TVb1d]>R>[>R/{R U5ToS*\>b5]!R/U1\ :

9.3.1.4.6.










#!/bin/sh #

234

9.

   
          


    
 # if-simple #


/usr/local/libexec/if-simple # # stdin stdout. 

  

    



     





lpd

          

  .

/bin/cat && exit 0 exit 2

‚S?T_?\>w5]!Tyr]!R/] v \>wX_F[>htQ1R!_1gXm5Tnuhn : )

# chmod 555 /usr/local/libexec/if-simple

Š]!TVQ5v TU1`eQ5R/]!U5TV^>j$w5]!TsR>]edY1d]>TVnuh

[ \!w5_1T

if /etc/printcap. /etc/printcap:

LPD T{ReY1dQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!` , j-b?\!fV\>[T{VR[eb1\!c5Td]![/TsfVg1\!c1Tg5YXm3i5\>U1\!b5]>TU5Y1d]!Y5b5Y ˆ‰hS?R/^/\![/Y1nKT{VRtS1_1m3S?[>j-i3Q5U5Y1g5]!TU1R>[ , Y1nuTe€FYXi5domb1\[Q5U1Y1nuTU5T v \>wX_?\

       
  

#   
 rose - 


# /etc/printcap 
 # rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple:

  

bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:ms#-parenb cs8 clocal crtscts:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple:

.

’!‘¶“’“ : B/•!±Kš˜œ!•—™



    

/usr/share/examples/printing.

VT nuR>g lpd(8) fV\>Q5jXdb1\>T]>dm3Y5f /etc/rc, \g5TVR>^>i$R!S?Y1nuR-d]!`f\!Q5jXdb1\tfV\S*\!TV]>dom;Q1TU5TnuTg5g5R/w lpd_enable. † ]>\ Q5TU5TnuTg5g?\m;Q5RljXnuR!_1c1\>g5Y5‹Y1nuTTV]efVg1\!c5TVg5Y5T NO. -zdo_1Y%[>hxTV€FTsr]!R/{Rg1TydoS?T_?\!_1Y , S*R>^/\>[>`/]!Tzd]>U5R>b5j :

9.3.1.4.7.

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› V¤ ™µ—es˜o™—™ F4 £

if-simple 7 .:

 

 LPD

lpd_enable="YES"

[ v \!w5_

/etc/rc.conf,

\fV\>]!TVnK_?Y5^>ReQ5TU5TVfV\>Q5jXd]!Y5]>Tyn7\>aFY5g5j , _?Y5^>ReQ5U5R/d]!R[/htQ5R!_?g5Y5]!Tyb5R/n7\>g$S?j

lpd(8).

# lpd



 




s… hS*R>^>U?\_1Y1d`)S?Rlb5R>g1}1\Q5U1R/d]>R>w;g1\/d]!U1R>w5b5Y%dY1d]!TVnuh LPD. | dR>W \_1TVg5Y5 , Q1R>foS*U1\![>_5m5, ]!`[-\>d7TV€FTyU1\!g1R , Q5R/db5R!_1`/b5jlg1\=S?ReT€[>TVU5Y5]!`eg1\>d]!U5R/w5b5jkYFjX,d]>U1\!g5Y1]!`e[-dTs[>h)m5[!_?Tg5g5htTzQ5U5R>^>_1TVnuh . _1mFQ5U5R/[>TU1b5Y g1\>d]!U5R>w1b5Y , Q5R/Q5ht]>\>w5]!TVd`ec1]!R -]!RU1\/dQ5TVc1\!]/\!]!` . _5m;Q5TVc1\!]!Y%dzQ1R/nuR>€ dY1d]!TVnuh LPD Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T]>dm b5R/n7\>g$S*\ lpr(1), b5R/]!R>U1\!m;Q5R/dh)_?\!TV]fV\S*\!g1Y5Tzg1\eQ5TVc1\!]!` .

9.3.1.4.8.

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 !# - fg1\>c5Tg5Y1T i5\!U?\!b5]!TVU5Y1d]!Y5b5Y py (Q5RejXnuR!_1c1\>g5Y5 - 0).  6 ?V(?=0 z"-# > Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVj$T]>dm;]!R!_1`/b5RTdo_1YR>{VR v YX_1`/]!U1\YX_1YFTdo_1YbX_?c5TVg1\[/hyS*\!c1\ g1\>c1\_?`>g5h)i3d]!U?\!g5Y5} . )sj/S1mFQ5RlnuR>Tnuj3R>Q5ht]!j , [/h)i$R!S?g5htT YX_1`>]>U5hxY1dQ1R!_1`/fj$]>dm;U5ToS*b5R . eg5Y;R>Q1Y1d\>g5hx[ U1\>foS?T_1Ts…yh)iXRS*g5htT v YX_?`>]!U5h . [/h)i$R!S?g5R/{R v YX_?`>]!U1\TVd]!`e[-dTV{R)S?[-\\>U5{jXnuTg1]>\ : -l 


5b R/]!R>U1htTzY$S?TVg5]!Y5c1g5h‹\>U5{jXnuTg1]>\>n -w Y  -l ]!Tb?d]!R/[>R>{VR v YX_?`>]!U1\ . Y5_1`>]!U1hƒ]>\!b5WTzS?R>_5WZg5h 4>!!&%!‚ =\>]!jXdR-nK[>h)iXRS*\ : zdo_?Y v YX_1`/]!UFjXdQ5TaQ5Tc?\!]>\!_ v \!wX_ .

exit 0

-

zv do_?Y v YX_1`/]!UFg1TydVnuR>{zg?\!Q5TVc1\!]>\>]!` v \>wX_ , g1Rv iXR>c5TV] , c5]!R/^>hŠdY1d]>TVn7\ LPD Q5R>Q1ht]>\_?\/d`eU1\>dQ5Tc1\>]>\!]>` \!wX_Y5] YX_?`>]!U , TVdo_?YFT{VRU1\>^>R/]>\f\![>TVU5aFTVg1\dzr]!Y1n d]>\>]!jXdR-n .

exit 1

-



zdo_?Y v YX_1`/]!UFg1TydVnuR>{zg?\!Q5TVvc1\!]>\>]!` v \>wX_FY^/hƒdY1d]!TVn7\ LPD Q5ht]/\_?\/d`TV{ReQ5Tc1\>]>\!]>`T€\![/T FreeBSD ]!Tb?d]!R/[>htw v YX_?`>]!U /usr/libexec/lpr/lpf Y1dQ5R!_1`/fj$T]e\!U5{Vj$nuTVg5]!h , fV\=S\!€{S*\Q1R/dh)_?\>]!`edY1nu[>R>_FQ5U5R/{R/g1\d]>U1\!g5Y1}5h (form feed) Y]!`Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5Y5T‚Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ . eg;Y1dQ1R!_1`/fj$T]Q1TU5TS*\!g5g1htTs[eb1\!c5Td]![/Ts\>U5{jXnuTg1]!R>[ Y1n+mFQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/v \>]!T_1m , i$R-d]Y<j$c5T]!g1htw v \!w5_3S1_5mF[/g5TVdTg5Y5m;j-c1T]!g5h)i;f\!Q5Y1dTw . ~kU5Y;Q5R/Y1db5T YX_1`/]!U5R/[j$^>ToS*Y5]!TVd` , c1]!ReR/g5YFdR>[/nuTd]!Y?nuhŠdsdY1d]>TVnuR>w LPD. -zd_1Y3S*\ , R>g1Y3vS?R>_5WZg5h Q5RS5S*TUXWZY5[-\!]!`eR>Q5Y1dV\!g5g1htTz[>hta[ . -sdo_1Y%[>hxQX_*\!g5Y5U5j$TV]!TydR>fS*\![-\!]!` YX_?`>]!U5hxS1_5m R>^>€[-\!g5Y5m , Q1R>fV\>^>R/]!`>]!Td`ReQ5RS1S?TUXWZb5Tyr]>YXiFdQ5Y?db5R/[\!U5{Vj$nuTVg5]!R/[YFb1RS?R/[[>h)iXR!S*\ . exit 2

-

9.4.1.2. A :I 

W1=PT=:J C > B:G

J  !@

I?EF>5@ B JK= PostScript®- QLA 

JK@1I?A

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239

9.

„kR , TVd_1YF[/h iXR>]!Y5]>TsQ5R-dh)_?\>]!`g?\Q5U1Y5g5]!TVUFb1\>bFfV\S*\!g1YXm PostScript, ]>\>b;YFR/^>htc5g5htwF]!Tb1d] , U1Tb5R-nuTg$S?j$TV]>dom ?S R>Q5R>_1g5Y5]>`g1\/d]!U5R/w5b5jkQ5U5Y1g5]!TU?\ . , _1mFr]!R/{Reg1\=S?R , c5]!R/^>hx]!TVb1d]!R/[>htw v YX_1`>]>U;R>Q5U1ToS?T_5mX_ , m5[>_5m5T]/dom3_1Y Q5R/d]!j$Q1\!e€FTTsfV\S*\!g5Y1TzR>^/htc5g5hnK]!TVb1d]>R/n‰YX_?YFQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nuR>wg5YXm S?R!_5WZg5hxg?\!c5Y5g?\!]!`-domFd %! (S1_5mkS*U5j${YXikm5fhtb1R>[Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU5R>[eR>^>U?\!]!Y5]>TVd`ebFdR/R>]![/T]>d]![>j$e€FTw3S?R>b5jXnuTVg5]>\!}1Y5Y ). -zdo_1YhtT7S*[/\dY1nu[>R>_?\[efV\S*\!g5Y1Y - Y1nuTg5g1Rr]>Y , U5TVc5`eYXS?T]eR PostScript, Y%nuhŠnuR!WZTn‰R/d]>\_1`/g5j$Šc1\/d]!` fV\=S\!g5YXm;Q1TU5TS*\![-\!]!`g1TQ5R-dU5TS*d]![/Tg5g1R . -zd_1Y;WZTyQ5TU1[>htT7S*[/\dY1nu[>R>_?\[ v \!wX_1T - S*U5j${Y5T , v YX_1`/]!U;^/j>S*T] Q5| U5TR/^>U1\>fR/[>ht[/\>]!`)]!Tb?d]l[ PostScript YFQ1Tc1\>]>\!]!`eU5TfVj-_1`>]>\>] . \!b;g1\/nKr]!RkdžS*T_?\>]!` ? -zdo_1YhxY1dQ5R!_?`>fj$TV]!TzQ5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g1htw3Q5U5Y5g5]>TU , i$R/U5R>a^)S?R-d]!Y5c1`eQ5R-d]>\>[!_1TVg5g5R/w3}5T_1Y%dR-d]!R/Y5][ j$d]>\!g1R>[>b1T lprps. lprps - rV]!R v YX_1`>]>U3S1_5m PostScriptQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ , [>htQ5R>_1gXm5€g5g1TT [>fV\>v Y1nuRS*Tw1d]![>Y5TsdzQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU5R/n . egFR>^/g5R>[>_5m5T] v \>wX_R!m5g5YXm;Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ , Q5R/nuTV€g5j$ Y5g R>U?n7\!}5Y5 , [>hyS\!g5g5j$‹Q5U5Y5g5]>TU5R-n , ]>\!bfR/[/\>]!T_1Y3Y%\=S*nuY1g5Y1d]>U1\!]!R/U5hŠnuR/{j$]j$fg?\!]!` , [b1\>b5R/n Y1nuTg5g1RldR/d]>R!m5g5Y5Y (g1\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU , toner low YX_1Y paper jam) g1\!iXRS?Y5]/dom;Q5U5Y1g5]!TU . „kRTV€FTz[-\WZg5TVT , c5]>ReR/g [>bX_1ec1\!TV]Q5U5R/{U1\/n7nuj psif, b5R>]>R>U1\!m;R>Q5U5TS?T_1m5T] , m5[>_5m5T]/dom;_1Y^/htc5g5hnK]!TVb1d]!R-n , Y [>htfht[-\!TV] textps (T€\![>_5m5TVnuj$ [/nuTVd]!Tsd lprps) S1_5m;Q5U5TVR>^/U1\!fVR>[/\>g5YXm3T{VR[ PostScript. Ž'\!]>TVn lprps Q5R-dh)_?\>T]Q1U5TR/^>U1\>fR>[-\!g5g1R>T7fV\S*\!g1Y5Tzg1\Q5U5Y5g1]!TU . lprps [>iXRS?Y5][g1\>^>R>UFQ5R>U5]>R>[ FreeBSD ( dn . „3\!^/R>U3Q5R/U5]!R>[ ). …yh , b5R/g5Tc1g5R , nuR>WTV]!TyfV\!{VU5j$fY5]>` , dR>^>U?\!]!`Y j$d]>\!g1R>[>Y1]!`T{VRedV\>nuR/d]!R!m5]>T_1`/g5R . ~kR-do_1Tzj$d]>\!g1R>[>b1Y lprps Q5U5R/d]!Rj$b1\!WZY5]!TyQ5j$]!`eb[Q1\!b1T]>\ lprps. -zdo_1YhƒjXd]>\!g5R/[>YX_?Y lprpsv Y5fsg?\!^>R/U1\tQ5R/U5]!R/[ , Y1dQ5R!_?`>fj$w5]>Tsdo_?ToS?j$€Q5Y1dY3S1_5mFQ5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g1R>{R PostScript-Q5U5Y1g5]!TU?\[ \>wX_1T /etc/printcap: :if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:

„3\=S?R]/\!bXWZTyfV\=S\!]!`iX\>U1\!b1]!TU5Y?d]!Y5b1j rw; R/g1\]!U1T^>j$TV]R>]ldY1d]!TVnuh LPD R>]!b1U5ht[/\>]!`Q5U1Y5g5]!TVUg1R>{R PostScript-Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ (c5]!Reg5TsQ1R>f[/R!_5m5TV]R>^/TVdQ5Tc5Y1]!`tS?[/jXd]!R/U5R>g5g1TT [>fV\>Y1nuRS*Tw1dv]![>Y5TsdzQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU5R/n , g5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuR>TuS1_1mWg1RY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>`[b1\>c5TVd]![>T ]!Tb1d]!R>[/R>{VR YX_1`/]!U1\d_1ToS*j-e€FY5w%db5U1Y5Q5]lb5R/n7\>g$S?g5R/{RY5g1]!TU5Q1U5T]>\>]!R>U?\ : #!/bin/sh # # psif -  #  ,


# #

 

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PostScript-

  

IFS="" read -r first_line first_two_chars=‘expr "$first_line" : ’\(..\)’‘ if [ "$first_two_chars" = "%!" ]; then # PostScript,  # 

  . # echo "$first_line" && cat && printf "\004" && exit 0 exit 2 else #  , 

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240

9. ( echo "$first_line"; cat ) | /usr/local/bin/textps && printf "\004" && exit 0 exit 2 fi

… Q1U5ToS*d]>\![>_1Tg1g5R/n‰[/htaFTydb5U5Y1Q5]!T , textps - R/]=S?T_?`>g5Rej$d]>\!g1R>[!_?Tg5g1\!m3Q5U5R>{VU1\>n7n7\tS1_5mFQ1U5TR/^>U1\>fR>[-\!g5Y5m R>^>htc1g5R>{VR]!Tb?d]>\e[ PostScript. ˆŒR!WZg5RY?dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!`)_1e^>j$‹Q1U5R>{VU1\>n7nuj3v Q5U1TR>^/U1\!fVR>[-\!g5YXmk]!TVb1d]>\e[ PostScript. „3\!^/R>U3Q5R/U5]!R>[ FreeBSD ( dn . „3\>^>R/U3Q5R>U5]>R>[ ) [>bX_?c1\>T]Q1R!_1g5R j$g5b5}5Y5R/g1\_?`>g5j$ƒQ5U1R>{U?\>n7nuj Q5U5TR/^>U1\>fR/[/\!g1YXml]>Tb1d]>\[ PostScript Q5RSg1\!fV[/\>g5Y5TVn a2ps, b5R>]!R/U5j$‹]>R!WZTynuR>WZg5RQ5R/Q5U5R/^>R>[-\!]!` Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!` . QLA JK@1I?A:=  z   > . %  " 5  V    / . " m5[!_5m5TV]>dom d]>\>g$S*\!U1]!R/nPS?_5mF[>hdR>b5R/b1\!c1TVd]>[>Tg1g5R>{VRtg1\!^/R>U1\tYb5R , - ¥* ž=0 d]>\>g$S*\>U5] . | dc1\>d]!`> , ^!_?\>{R!S*\!UXm3b5R-nuQ1\!g1Y5Y Aladdin Enterprises TVd]!`ld[>R/^>RS*g5htw;\!g1\!_1R>{ PostScript Q5RSU1htw;U1\!^/R>]>\>T]d FreeBSD. Ghostscript nuR!WZTV]c5Y5]/\!]!` ^>R!_?`>aFY1g1d]![/R PostScript-v \!wX_1R/[tYF[/hyS*\![-\!]!`dR>R>]>[>T]/d]![/j-e€FY5Tyd]!U?\!g5Y5}1hƒg1\lnug5R!WZTVd]![>RejXd]!U5R/w1d]>[ , [>bX_1ec1\mFnug1R>{RlnuRS?T_1Tw[ . d]/\!g5R/[>Y5[ Ghostscript YFY1dQ5R!_1`/fj-mFdQ1T}5Y1\!_1`>g1htw ]!Tb1d]!R>[/h)i v YX_1`>]>U3S1_5mTU1\ , nuR!WZg5RefV\/d]>\>[>Y5]!`e[/\>a g5T -PostScript Q5U5Y1g5]!TU%U1\>^>R>]/\!]!` v \>b5]!Y5c1TVdb1YFb1\>b PostScript-Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU . Ghostscript [!iXRS?Y1][g?\!^>R/U3Q5R>U1]!R>[ FreeBSD, Tdo_1Yh iXR>]>Y5]!Tyj$d]>\!g?\![!_?Y5[/\>]!`T{VRR/]!]!j/S*\ . …sh‹nuR!WZT]!Ty]>\>bXWZT _1T{Vb5Rf\!{U1j-fVY5]!` , dR/^>U1\>]!`YFjXd]>\!g5R/[>Y5]>`T{VRedV\>nuR/dv]!R!m5]>T_1`/g5R . , _5m;v Y1nuY5]>\>}5Y5Y PostScript g1\=S?R , c5v ]!R/^>hx]!TVb1d]!R/[>htw Y5_1`>]!UFR>Q5U5TS?T_1mX_ , Q5Tc?\!]>\>T]>dm;_1Y PostScript-v \>wX_ . -zd_1Y g5T] , YX_1`/]!U;^>j/S?TV]Q5TVU5ToS\![/\>]!` \>wX_Fg1\eQ5U5Y5g1]!TU[>Tg1g5v R ; [eQ5U1R>]!Y5[/g5R/n‰d_1j$c1\!T , R>gF^>j/S?T] Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!` Ghostscript, c1]!R>^/hŠdg1\>c1\_*\tQ5U5TVR>^>U?\!fR/[/\>]!` \!wX_U?n7\!] , b5R/]!v R>U1htwFQ5R/w1nuT]eQ5U5Y5g5]>TU . \>dVdnuR>]>U5Y1n‰Q5U1Y1nuTU : d_1ToS*j-e, €FY5w%d}5TVg1\!U1Y5w;Q5U5TS*d]/\![!_1m5T]edR>^/R>w3]!TVb1d]!R/[>htw YX_1`>]>U3S1_5mTU5R/[ Hewlett Packard DeskJet 500. _5mkS?U5j${VYXi;Q5U5Y5g1]!TU5R/[ef\>nuTVg5Y5]!T)\!U5{VjXnuTg5] -sDEVICE [b5R-n7\!g$S?T gs (Ghostscript). (…y[/ToS?Y5]>Tsb5R-n7\!g$S*j gs -h S1_5mU5R>w1d]![ , Q1RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>TVnuh)i j$d]>\!g1R>[!_?Tg5g5R/w3[>TVU1dY5TVw Ghostscript.)  :@F=
DO PostScript JK=VJ?I -PostScript   PostScript


9.4.1.3.






#!/bin/sh # # ifhp -  #


 

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#

 LF   CR+LF ( #    #



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PostScript

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DeskJet 500

   

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# # 

  

# IFS="" read -r first_line first_two_chars=‘expr "$first_line" : ’\(..\)’‘ if [ "$first_two_chars" = "%!" ]; then # #  PostScript; Ghostscript

  

 

     

  

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.

241

9. # /usr/local/bin/gs -dSAFER -dNOPAUSE -q -sDEVICE=djet500 \ -sOutputFile=- - && exit 0 else # #     HP/PCL,  
   

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    . # echo "$first_line" && cat && printf "\033&l0H" && exit 0 fi

                                                         






exit 2

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 9.4.1.4.1. 







   

 


  




 




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?

% dvips seaweed-analysis.dvi % lpr seaweed-analysis.ps

d ]/\!g5R/[>Y5[ v Y5_1`>]!U^>U?\!fR/[/\>g5YXmeS1_5m v \>wX_1R>[ DVI, nuhŠnuR!WZTVnŒg5Tsb1R>g5[/TU5]!Y1U5R>[-\!]!` v v \>wX_Fb1\!W%S?htwFU1\>f [>U5j$c5g5j$ , [>R/f_1R>WY1[r]!j3f\=S*\>c5jkg1\dY1d]>TVnuj LPD. qyTVQ5TU5`lQ5U5Y_1j$c5Tg5Y1Y DVI- \>wX_?\tg1\/d‚R/]T{VR U1\>dQ5Tc1\>]!b5Y;R/]=S?T_5m5T]l]!R!_?`>b5ReRS?Y5gFa\>[>YX_?Y;dY1d]!TVnuj LPD \>[>]!R-n7\!]!Y1c5TVdb5YFQ5U1TR>v^/U1\!fVR>[/ht[/\!]>` DVI-v \!wX_ , j-b?\!fV\>[R>Q1}5Y5 -d. …)dTsR>Q5}5Y1Y Q5U5TR/^>U1\>fR/[/\!g1YXmlQ1U5ToS*d]>\![>_1Tg1hx[eU1\>foS?T_1TeQ1}5Y5Y R/U1n7\!]>Y5U5R>[-\!g5Y5mkY^>U?\!fR/[/\>g5YXm . , _5# m;/b1\W%BS?R/w; Y5 'fyVR>4!Q5=}1>Y5(1wF"$Q52 U1TR>^/U1\!fVR>[-\!g5YXm , b5R/]!R>U?\mkS?R>_5WZv g1\Q5R!S5S?TVUXWZY5[/\!]>`/dom;Q1U5Y5 g5]!TVU5R/n , jXd]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!T ‚"- YFj$b1\!WZY5]!TyT{ReQ5R!_?g5R>TsY1n+mF[ \>wX_1T /etc/printcap. YX_1`/]!UFQ1U5TR/^>U1\>fR>[-\!g5Y5m \!g1\!_1R>{VY5c5Tg3]>Tb1d]!R>[/R/nuj v v YX_1`/]!U5jeS1_5mwd]!U5R/w5b5Y;Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ (dn . U1\!fS?T_ v d]/\!g5R/[>b1\t]>Tb1d]!R>[/R>{R YX_1`/]!U1\ ), g5Rl[/nuTVd]!RQ1Tc1\>]!YFR/^>htc5g5R/{R]>Tb1d]>\R/gFQ5U1TR>^/U1\!fVj$T] \!w5_F[ v R/U1n7\!] , b5R>]!R/U5htwFnuR>WTV]Q5R/gXm5]!`lQ5U5Y5g1]!TU . 242

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9.4.1.4.2.


X=:C =







    

=:AK=:E @1I?A L>1@ 

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df

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 v ~kR/db1R!_1`/b5j YX_?`>]!U5hŠQ5U5TR/^>U1\>fR/[/\!g1YXmeQ5U1ToS*d]>\![>_5m5]ldR>^/R>w3Q5U1R>{U?\>n7nuh , g5Ty[!iXRS?m5€FY5T‚[e^/\>fR>[/j$xQ5R/d]>\![/b5j FreeBSD, YXi , [>Y$S?Y?nuR , g1\S?RQ5R-nuT€%\!]!`e[b1\>]>\_1R/{T /usr/local. ~kR>Q5j-_5m5U1g5R>TznuTd]!R/g1\iXR>W<S*Tg5Y5T - b1\!]>\!_1R>{ v YX_1`/]!U5h m5[!_1m5]>dm[-\!g5g5hnuYFQ5U5R>{VU1\>n7n7\/nuY3S1_1m /usr/local/libexec, Q5R/db5R!_?`>b5jkr]>Y [>htQ5R>_1g5Tg1YXmFdY1d]!v TVnuR/w LPD; R>^/htc5g5hnKQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_5m1nPg5Y5b5R/{oS*\g5TsQ1R>g1\S?R>^/Y5]>dom;Y5ik[/htQ5R!_?gXm5]!` . , _5m;[>bX_?c5TVg5YXm YX_?`>]!U1\Q5U5TVR>^>U?\!fR/[/\>g5YXm , j$b1\WZY5]!TyT{VRQ5R>_1g5R/TzY1n+mF[eb1\!c5Td]![/TzfVg1\!c5TVg5YXm dR>R/]![>TV]>d]>[>j$€[/\!w1]!T7S?R/^/\>[>Y1n YX_1`/]!UFQ1U5TR/^>U1\>fR>[-\!g5Y5m DVI [f\!Q5Y?d`tS?_5mFQ5U5Y1g5]!TU?\ bamboo. …yR/] R>QXm5]!`eQ5U5Y1nuTVU v \>wX_?\ /etc/printcap, dzg1R>[>R/w3i5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5R>w df S1_1m;Q5U5Y5g5]>TU1\ bamboo.

9.4.1.4.3.

   
  

#
 # /etc/printcap 
 rose - 


df 
 # rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple:

  

bamboo

243

9.

bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:\ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:ms#-parenb cs8 clocal crtscts:rw:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\ :df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:



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DVI -

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/usr/local/libexec/psdf.

…yR>]TV{Re]!Tb1d] :

#!/bin/sh # # psdf - 
 , DVI PostScript

 


# /usr/local/libexec/psdf # #    lpd  



 
  lpr -d # exec /usr/local/bin/dvips -f | /usr/local/libexec/lprps "$@"




              

  

     




              

† ]!Redb5U5Y5Q5]l[>htQ1R!_1gXm5TV]b5R-n7\!g$S?j dvips [eU5TWZY1nuT v YX_1`/]!U5R>[-\!g5Y5m (\!U1{jXnuTg5] -f) [!iXRS?g1R>{RQ5R>]!R/b1\ , Q5U5ToSd]>\>[!_5m5e€FT{VRedR>^>R/w3fV\S*\!g5Y1T7S1_5m]!Y . Ž¶\!]!Tn‰fV\>Q5jXdb1\>T]>dm v Y5_1`>]!U PostScript-Q5U5Y5g5]>TU1\ lprps (dVn . U1\!fS?T_g5Y5wFdsR>^/htc5g5| hnK]!TVb1d]>R/n‰g1\ PostScript-Q5U5Y5g5]>TU5h ) dy\!U5{VjXnuTg5]>\/nuY , Q5TVU5ToS*\>g5g5hnuY dY1d]!TVnuR/w LPD rV]!R/nuj3db1U5Y5Q5]!j . R/n7\!gXS*\ lprps ^/j>S*T]Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>]!`r]>Yh S1_5mFj$c5TV]>\ U1\>dQ5Tc1\>]>\!g1g5h)i;d]!U1\>g5Y5} .


   

 





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9.4.1.4.4.



        
  

Hewlett Packard LaserJet III-Si: #!/bin/sh # # hpvf


#

    

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  HP/PCL       /usr/local/libexec/hpvf

    

PATH=/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH; export PATH giftopnm | ppmtopgm | pgmtopbm | pbmtolj -resolution 300 \ && exit 0 \ || exit 2

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# # /etc/printcap 
 orchid # teak|hp|laserjet|Hewlett Packard LaserJet 3Si:\

  

244

9. :lp=/dev/lpt0:sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/teak:mx#0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/hpif:\ :vf=/usr/local/libexec/hpvf:

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#!/bin/sh # # pstf     groff   troff


# /usr/local/libexec/pstf # exec grops | /usr/local/libexec/lprps "$@"

           

    

 



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troff,

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PS

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:tf=/usr/local/libexec/pstf:

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#!/bin/sh # # hprf - 



# #

    

            FORTRAN  /usr/local/libexec/hprf




LaserJet 3si:

printf "\033&k2G" && fpr && printf "\033&l0H" && exit 0 exit 2

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/etc/printcap

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teak,

c5]!R/^>h

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k~ TU5TVw$S?TVnKb^-\![/Y1n v YX_1`>]>U DVI S1_5mFj-WZT v Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\![>a\!mFc1\/d]!` : Y5fnuTg5Y1]!` \>wX_ YX_1`/]!U1\ DVI: /etc/printcap, j$b1\!f\![nuTd]!R/g1\iXR>W<S*Tg5Y5T :df=/usr/local/libexec/hpdf:

245

9.

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DVI LaserJet/PCL.

#!/bin/sh # # hpdf - 


#

 

   DVI       HP/PCL  /usr/local/libexec/hpdf

    

PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH; export PATH

   
        

          
 
  .       

      
  
      .

# 
  


 
 # # -    

 # cleanup() { rm -f hpdf$$.dvi }


   
      




# # 
  


 

  # # 



  # fatal() { echo "$@" 1>&2 cleanup exit 2 }

           
    :    

         2.     2          LPD,                 

    .

# #







 
  
  
    ,   

   


  


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SIGINT,

246

9.

   

     

    # # trap cleanup 1 2 15

   

# #

# cleanup

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SIGINT (

      


), 

    

           




       









 



 

   

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# ( 

 #

  


DVI

    # ln -s /dev/fd/0 hpdf$$.dvi || fatal "Cannot symlink /dev/fd/0"

   

 

.

  

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'Ž \=S*\>w5]!TsQ5R!_1g1R>TzY?n+mF[>h)iXRv S*g5R>{VR v YX_1`/]!U1\[eb1\!c1TVd]>[>TzfVg1\!c1Tg5YXmFiX\>U1\!b1]!TU5Y?d]!Y5b1Y of. ~kRS*U5R>^/g5TT‚R/^rV]!R/n dn . [lU1\!fS?T_?Tsv …yh)iXRS?g5htT YX_1`/]!U5h . …sR/]Q5U5Y?nuTU \!wX_?\ /etc/printcap S1_1mFQ5U5Y5g1]!TU1\ teak, b5R/]!R>U1htwFnuhƒQ5U5TS*d]/\![>Y5_1YFU1\>g5TT ; nuhŠ[>bX_1ec5YX_1Y [>hyS*\>c5jeg?\!c1\!_1`>g5h)i;d]!U1\!g1Y5}FY;S?R>^-\![>Y5_1Y3Q5R>b?\!fV\>g5g5htw;[/htaFTs[>h)iXRS?g1R>w v YX_1`/]!U :

# # /etc/printcap 
 orchid # teak|hp|laserjet|Hewlett Packard LaserJet 3Si:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:sd=/var/spool/lpd/teak:mx#0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/hpif:\ :vf=/usr/local/libexec/hpvf:\ :of=/usr/local/libexec/hpof:

  

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ž#*=. , }5T_1j$ d]!U?\!g5Y5}1j;d‚^>R>_1`>anuY , Y$S?Tg1]!Y Y5}5Y1U5j$€FY?nuY_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_1m , i$R-d]eY;fV\S*\!g5Y1T . „kYXWZT Q5U5ToSd]>\>[!_1TVg;Q5U5Y1nuTVU (kelly g1\!Q1Tc1\>]>\_?\fV\S*\!g5Y1TzQ5ReY1nuTg5Y outline d7iXR/d]>\ rose):

9.4.2.2.

k k k k k k k k k kk k k k k k

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y y y y y y y y y yy yyy y y y y yyyy

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ssss s s ss ss s s ssss

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n nnn nn n n n n n n n n n

eeee e e eeeeee e e e eeee

eeee e e eeeeee e e e eeee

Job: outline Date: Sun Sep 17 11:04:58 1995

)sY1d]!Tn7\ LPD S*R>^/\>[!_5m5TV]Q5U5R/{R/gFd]!U?\!g5Y5}1hƒQ5R/d_1TzrV]!R>{VR]!TVb1d]/\ , c1]!R>^/hxfV\=S\!g5Y5Tsg1\!c1Y5g1\_?R/d`edzg5R/[>R/w d ]!U1\>g5Y5}5h (Tdo_1Y;]>R!_1`/b5R[/hxg5Tsj$vb1\>fV\!_1Y3i5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5j sf (suppress form feeds) [f\!Q5Y1dY dR>R/]![>TV]>d]>[>j$€TU1\e[ \>wX_1T /etc/printcap). .>¥*=%.>"?0;4>
ž#*=. -zdo_1YhxQ5U1ToS?Q5R/c5Y5]>\>T]!T , c5]>R>^>hƒdY1d]>TVn7\ LPD dR/foS*\>[/\_*\ v \!w5_1T /etc/printcap. „3\>c1\_?`>g1\!m3d]!U1\>g5Y5}1\e^>j/S?TV]Y1nuT]>`ld,_1j-Tob?S?\j$WZeY5€F]!Y5TswU1Y$\>S b5: ]!TU1Y1d]!Y1b5j sb (short banner) [ rose:kelly

Job: outline

Date: Sun Sep 17 11:07:51 1995

yq \>bXWZTsQ1RjXnuR!_1c?\!g5Y5 dY?d]!Tn7\ LPD Q1Tc1\>]>\!TV]g1\>c1\_1`/g5j$Šd]>U1\!g5Y1}5vj3Q5TU1ToS%f\=S*\>g5Y5Tn . , _5m;Y5fnuTg5TVg5YXm Q5R>UXm$S*b1\g1\R>^/U1\!]!g1htw , j$b1\WZY5]>Tzi5\!U?\!b5]!TVU5Y1d]!Y5b5j hl (header last) [ \!wX_?T /etc/printcap. 9.4.2.3.

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•

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9.4.2.4. 5@A:=:J


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254

9. case $option in x|y) ;; # Ignore n) login=$OPTARG ;; h) host=$OPTARG ;; *) echo "LPD started ‘basename $0‘ wrong." 1>&2 exit 2 ;; esac done [ "$login" ] || fail "No login name" [ "$host" ] || fail "No host name" ( /usr/local/libexec/make-ps-header $login $host "DVI File" /usr/local/bin/dvips -f ) | eval /usr/local/libexec/lprps $orig_args

e^>U1\>]!Y5]!Ts[>g5Y1n7\>g5Y5T , b1\!b v YX_1`/]!U3S?R>_5WZTgF\>g1\_?Y5fY5U1R>[/\>]!`v dQ5Y1dR/bF\!U1{jXnuTg5]!R/[ , c1]!R>^/hxR>Q5U5TS?T_?Y5]!`lY1n+m Q5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_5m3Y;Y1n+mR>[[S?U5j${Y5i Y5_1`>]!U?\i;\!U5{VjXnuTg5]!R/[[/htQ5R!_1g5m5T]>dm;]!R>c5g1R]>\>b W| T . qyTb1d]!R>[/htw v v YX_?`>]!U{RS?U5j${R/w;g1\>^>R>UfoS?T_ \!b;U1\>^>R/]>\!e] YX_1`/]!U5h ). | \!b;j-WZTzj$Q5R-nuY5g1\_?R/d` , Q5U5TS*d]>\>[!_1TVg5g1\!m;[>htaFTydoiXTVn7\i$R/]mFY;S?R/d]>\!]!R/c5g5ReQ5U5R/d]>\ , g5Rg5TyQ5R/f[>R>_5m5T]j-c1TVd]>` R>Q5}5Y1 “Q5RS*\>[>Y5]>`[>ht[/RSFg1\>c1\_1`/g5R>wg5Y5}5h ” (R/Q5}5YXm -h) b5R-n7\!g$S*h lpr. -zdo_1Y%Q5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!T_?Yki$R/]m5] d^>TVU5Tc1`)S?TU1T[>`>m (YX_?YFg5Tdb5R>_1`>b5Rb5R>v Q5TVTb , Tdo_1YF[>hx^>TVU5T]>T7S?TVg5`>{VY;YFf\tg1\!c?\_1`/g5htTsd]!U1\!g1Y5}5h ), R>g5YFg5TsdVnuR>{j$] r]!R/{RedoS?T_*\!]!` , Q5R/db5R!_?`>b5jlb1\W%S?htw YX_1`/]!UF^/j>S*T][/hyS*\![-\!]!`g?\!c1\!_1`>g5j$‹d]!U1\>g5Y5}5jlS1_1mFb1\W%S?R/{Rf\=S*\>g5YXm . k]!R>^/hxQ5R>fV[>R!_?Y5]!`Q5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_5m1nPR>]!bX_?c1\>]!`e[/hyS*\!c1jlg?\!c1\!_1`>g5R/w;d]!U?\!g5Y5}1h S1_5mFR/]=S?T_1`>g5R/{Rf\=S*\>g5YXm , g1\=S?Re^>j/S?TV]v Y1dQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!`Q5U5Y5Tn , Q5U5TS*d]/\![!_?Tg5g5htwF[eU1\>foS?T_1T c5T]eg1\!c?\_1`/g5h)i;d]!U1\>g5Y5} : g1\>Q5Y1dV\!]!` [>h)iXRS?g1R>w YX_1`/]!U , b5R>]!R/U5htwF\>g1\_1Y1fY5U5j$TV]d{VTg5TVU5Y5U5R/[/\!g1g5j$‹dY?d]!TnuR>w LPD g1\!c?\_1`/g5j$Šd]!U?\!g5Y5}1j3Y [>hyS*\>T]TVT PostScript-[>TU?dY5 . -zdo_?YFQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!T_?`Q5R/dh)_?\!TV]fV\S*\!g1Y5Tzb5R-n7\!g$S*R>w lpr -h, dY1d]>TVn7\ LPD g5T ^>j/S?T]{Tg1TU5v Y5U1R>[/\>]!`g?\!c1\!_1`>g5j$Šd]!U1\>g5Y5}5j , b?\!bFYF[/\!a [>h)iXRS*g5R>w v YX_1`/]!U . … Q1U5R>]!Y1[>g5R-nŒdo_1j$c1\>T , [-\!a [>h)iXRS?g1R>w YX_1`/]!UF^/j/S?T]c1Y5]>\!]>`e]!TVb1d] , Q5R>_1j$c5Tg1g5htw;R>]ldY1d]!TVnuh LPD, YFQ1R/dh)_*\!]!`eg1\Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU dR>R/]![>TV]>d]>[>j$€wFd]!U1\>g5Y5}5h . v -zdo_1YhxY1dQ5R!_?`>fj$TV]!T PostScript-Q5U5Y5g1]!TU%dzQ5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g1hnpY1g5]!TU Tw1dR/n , nuR>Wg1ReY1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>]!` dY1d]!TVnuj lprps, b5R/]!R>U?\m;[>b5_1c1\>T][/h)iXRS?g5R/w v YX_1`/]!U , psof, S?T_?\>€Q1Y1d\>g5R[>hta{VU1\>n7n7\ psof g5Tyj-c1Y5]!ht[/\>T]g?\!Q5TVc1\!]>\>g5g5htTsQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_5m1nuY;g?\!c1\!_1`>g5htTsd]!U1\>g5Y5}5h .

9.4.3. $ T  S $%'"

Q1RS5S?TVUXWZY5[/\>T]Q1Tc1\>]!`Q5RkdTV]!Y : Q5R-dh)_1b5jkf\=S*\>g5Y5w;g1\j/S*\_1TVg5g5htTyQ5U5Y5g1]!TU5h . ~kTc1\>]!`>‹Q5RldT]!Y R>^>htc1g5Rg1\>fht[/\>])S*[>TzU?\!fg1htTydY5]!jX\!}5Y1Y : \>^>R/]>\dzQ5U5Y5g5]>TU5R-n , Q5R!S?bX_1ec5Tg5g1hnŒbFj/S*\!_1Tg1g5R/nujliXR/d]!j . …shxjXd]>\!g1\>[!_1Y1[/\!TV]!T‚Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU%dsR>^/htc5g5hn Q5R-do_1TS?R>[-\!]!T_1`>g1hnpY5_1YFQ1\>U1\_1_1T_1`/g5hnKY5g5]>TU v TVw1dR-n‰g1\R!S?g5R-nKiXR/d]>T . Ž'\>]!TVn , [/hxg1\>d]!U1\>Y5[/\>T]!TydY1d]!TVnuj LPD S?_5mFR>^/TVdQ5Tc5TVg5YXmlS?R-d]!j$Q1\bFQ5U5Y1g5]!TU1jFduS?U1j-{VYXi3iXR/d]!R>[[kdTV]!Y . … U?\!foS*T_1T ~kU5Y1g5]!TU1h , jXd]>\>g5R>[>_1Tg1g5htT‚g1\ej/S*\_1TVg5g5h)ikiXR/d]>\i3R>Q1Y1d\>g5R , b1\>b;r]>RldoS?T_?\>]!` .

FreeBSD

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>\ ^>R/]>\dzQ5U5Y5g5]>TU5R-n , Q5R!S?bX_1ec5Tg5g1hnŒg5TVQ5R/dU5ToS*d]![>TVg5g5RebR/w;Y5g5]!TVU v Tw?d , b5U1R/nuT (YX_1Yg5g5R/{ReQ5R/d_1ToS?R/[/\>]!T_1`/g5R>{VRtYX_1Yg5R/{R . q)\!b1R>wFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU nuR>WTV]U1\>^>R/]>\!]!`edo_1TS?j$€FY?n‰R>^/U1\!fVR/n : egFnuR!WZTV]Q5R/g5Y1n7\!]>`eQ5U1R>]!R/b5R!_ LPD Y3S*\!WTsQ5RS1S?TUXWZY5[-\!]!`eR>c5TVU5ToS*Y;fV\S*\!g5Y1wg;U1\>^>R/]>\!TV]Q5U5R-d]!Reb1\!b^>htc1g5htw3iXR/d]dsdY1d]!TnuR>w LPD. , _5mFg?\>d]>U5R>w5b1Y;]>\!b1R>{R Q5U5Y5g1]!TU1\ldo_?ToS?j$w5]!Ty]!R/w;WZTsQ1U5R>}5TS?j$U5T , b5R>]!R/U1\m;R/Q5Y1dV\!g1\t[lU1\>foS?T_1T ~kU5Y5g5]>TU5h , j$d]>\!g1R>[!_?Tg5g5htTzg1\j/S*\!_1Tg1g5h)iki$R-d]>\!i . egFnuR!WZTV]Q5R!S5S?TU5WY1[/\!]>`Q5R>_1j$c5Tg5Y1TsQ5R/]!R>b?\)S*\>g5g5h)i3Q5RedT]!Y . … r]!R-nŒdo_?j-c?\!T , [>h “Q5RS?b5_1c1\>T]!T ” Q5U5Y5g1]!TUY , S?T_?\m;rV]!R>]i$R-d]eR>]![/T]>d]>[>Tg1g5hnKfV\Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5j3R/c5TU5TS?TwFfV\=S\!g5Y5w YFYXi3Q5R-dh)_1b1j3g1\Q5U1v Y5g5]!TVU . … U1\>foS?T_1T ~kU5Y5g5]>TU5hŠdsY5g5]>TU TVw1d\/nuYkS1_5mFQ1R!_1j$c5TVg5YXmFQ5R/]!R>b?\)S*\>g5g5h)i3Q5RkdT]>YFQ5U5TS*d]/\![!_?Tg;UXm$SZdR/[>T]>R>[Q5R jXd]>\>g5R>[/b5T‚]>\>b5YXi;Q5U5Y1g5]!TU1R>[ .


•

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)sY1d]!Tn7\edQ5j-_1Y5g5{\ LPD Y?nuTT]e[/d]!U5R>TVg5g5j$ Q5RS5S*TUXWZb5jeS1_5mg5Y5w;g?\)S?U5j${VY5TziXR-d]!h , g?\ 5b R>]!R/U5h)i3]!R!WZTyU1\!^/R>]>\>T]dY1d]>TVn7\ LPD (YX_?YReQ5R/f[/R!_5m5TV]tj$d]>\!g1R>[>Y1]!`Q5U1Y5g5]!TVUTzYR>[ . eg1\]>\!b5WTyU1\>^>R>]/\!T]ed‚Q5U5Y1g5]!TU?\>nuY , Y1nuTe€FY1nuY dT]>T[>htTsY5g5]!TVU Tw?dhƒYg5Y?n7\!€]!R/b5R!_ LPD. , _B*5"?m;(1R>^/&TV'dQ1 Tc5TVg5YXm;]>\>b5R>{VRU5R!S*\j/S*\!_1Tg5g1R>w;Q5TVc1\!]>Y , dg?\!c1\!_?\jXd]>\>g5R>[/Y5]!TsQ5U5Y5g5]>TU%g1\R!S?g5R/nPiXR-d]!T , ? , dsQ5R/nuR/€F`>‹Q5U5R/}5ToS?j$U5h , R/Q5Y1dV\!g5g5R/w;[U?\!foS*T_1Ty~kU5R/d]>\m;g?\>d]>U5R>w5b?\Q5U5Y1g5]!TU?\ . …yhtQ5R>_1g5Y5]>T _1^/htTzg5TVR>^!iXR!S?Y1nuhtT7S*R>Q5R>_1g5Y5]!T_1`>g1htTzg1\/d]!U5R/w5b5Y , b1\!bQ5Y1dV\!g5R[eU1\>foS?T_1T \>daFY5U5TVg5g1\!m;g1\>d]!U5R>w1b1\Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ . „kTzfV\>^>j/S?`/]!TzQ5U1R>]!Td]!Y5U1R>[/\>]!`#*Q1=U5./Y5Vg5# ]!>TV(1UF67Y^>TdQ5TVc5Y5[-\!T])_?Y R>g;f\=S*\>g5g5htTz[/R>fnuR!WZg5R/d]!YFdY1d]!,/T=nu#h (?LPD. Y1nuTVT]lQ5U1\>[>R (1  ?q)\>bX%WZ Ts(Q5dn U1.R>[>U1TV\>U5foS?`>]>T_T , c5]!R Y1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`d_1j-W^/j LPD g1\ e{U1\>g5Y5c5TVg5Y5TzQ1U5Y5TVn7\efV\S*\!g1Y5wFd‚j/S*\!_1Tg1g5h)i3iXR/dv ]>R>[ ). -zdo_1YhxY1dQ5R!_?`>fj$TV]!TzQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU%dydTV]!T[/hnKY5g5]!TVU Tw1dR/n , dR>[-nuTVd]!Y1nuhtw^/dj-W<S*Tg5Y5Y3[/htaFT ?=v U1\!b5]>TU5Y1d]!Y5b5Y rp. 5. b1\WZY5]>TsY1n+m%Q5U5Y5g1]!TU1\eg1\ v …sR/]YF[-dT . „kTzg5j-WZg5RlQ5TU1Tc5Y1d_5m5]!` YX_1`/]!U5hxQ5U5TVR>^/U1\!fVR>[/\>g5YXm , U1\!fnuTU5h‹d]!U1\>g5Y5}5hŠY;[>R/R>^>€R!_?`>aFTz[ v \!w5_1T /etc/printcap. \>dVdnuR>]>U5Y1n‰Q5U1Y1nuTU . „3\tiXR/d]!T rose TVd]>`tS?[-\Q5U5Y1g5]!TU?\ , bamboo Y rattan. ˆ‰hƒQ5R/f[>R>_1Y1nKQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_5m1n i$R-d]>\ orchid Q1Tc1\>]>\!]!`lg1\r]!YTU5h . …yR>] v \>wX_ /etc/printcap S1_5m;iXR-d]>\ orchid (Y5fsU1\!fS?T_*\ …sb5_1c5TVg5Y5Ty[>hyS*\>c5Y;g1\>c1\_?`>g5h)i3d]!U?\!g5Y5} ). …g5TnŒj-WZTzTd]!`lfV\>Q5Y1d`tS1_5mFQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ teak; nuhxS?R>^-\![>Y5_1YlS?[>T fV\!Q1Y1dYkS?_5mFQ5U5Y1g5]!TU1R>[lg1\tiXR/d]!T rose: 4.




# # #

  

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# # teak -

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   # teak|hp|laserjet|Hewlett Packard LaserJet 3Si:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:sd=/var/spool/lpd/teak:mx#0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/ifhp:\ :vf=/usr/local/libexec/vfhp:\ :of=/usr/local/libexec/ofhp:

 

    

  

       









  

  



rose

orchid:

# # rattan 
   rose; 
 
 rattan

 # rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :lp=:rm=rose:rp=rattan:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:

 



  

rose:

# # bamboo 


  rose: # bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :lp=:rm=rose:rp=bamboo:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:

   






Ž'\!]!TnpS?R/d]>\!]>R>c5g5Re]!R!_?`>b5RldR>fS*\!]>`b1\>]>\_1R/{YFdQ5j-_1Y5g5{\g1\

orchid:

# mkdir -p /var/spool/lpd/rattan /var/spool/lpd/bamboo # chmod 770 /var/spool/lpd/rattan /var/spool/lpd/bamboo # chown daemon:daemon /var/spool/lpd/rattan /var/spool/lpd/bamboo

qsTVQ5TU1`eQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_1YkiXR/d]/\ orchid nuR>{Vj-]Q5Tc1\>]>\!]>`eg1\Q5U5Y5g1]!TU5h Q5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_1`tg1\ orchid [>htQ5R>_1g5Y5]eb5R/n7\>g$S?j

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bamboo. -

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dY1d]!TVn7\ LPD g1\ orchid ^>j/S?T]b5R>Q5Y1U5R>[-\!]!`f\=S*\>g5Y5Ts[b1\>]>\_1R/{sdQ5j-_1Y5g5{\ /var/spool/lpd/bamboo Y j-c1]!T] , c5]!RlQ5Tc?\!]>\>T]>dmFfV\S*\!g5Y1T DVI. | \!b;]!R>_1`>b1Rv g1\i$R-d]!T rose Q1R!m5[> Y1]>domFnuTd]!Rl[b1\>]>\_?R>{TydQ5j-_1Y1g5{V\ . \>wX_c1TU5TS?YFg1\ rose Q5U5Y5g5]>TU1\ bamboo, S?[>T)dY1d]!TVnuh LPD Q5TVU5ToS*\S?j$] \>wX_Fg1\i$R-d] rose Q5R>b1\ , g1\!b1R>g5TV} , g5Ty^>j/S?T]eg1\!Q1Tc1\>]>\!g . eg;^>j/S?TV]Q5U5TVR>^/U1\!fVR>[/\>geY1f v R/U1n7\!]>\ DVI [ PostScript (Q5R-db5R>_1`>b5j bamboo m5[>_5m5T]/dom PostScript-Q5U5Y5g1]!TU5R-n ) g?\iXR/d]!T rose. 257

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#!/usr/bin/perl # # netprint -  ,  
 



   


# /usr/local/libexec/netprint # $#ARGV eq 1 || die "Usage: $0 <printer-hostname> <port-number>";

    



    
  

   






  

 

$printer_host = $ARGV[0]; $printer_port = $ARGV[1]; require ’sys/socket.ph’; ($ignore, $ignore, $protocol) = getprotobyname(’tcp’); ($ignore, $ignore, $ignore, $ignore, $address) = gethostbyname($printer_host); $sockaddr = pack(’S n a4 x8’, &AF_INET, $printer_port, $address); socket(PRINTER, &PF_INET, &SOCK_STREAM, $protocol) || die "Can’t create TCP/IP stream socket: $!"; connect(PRINTER, $sockaddr) || die "Can’t contact $printer_host: $!"; while (<STDIN>) { print PRINTER; } exit 0;

'Ž \!]!Tn‰nuR!WZg5RlY1dQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!`trV]!R>]ld}5TVg1\!U1Y5wF[eU1\!f_1Y5c5g5h)i v Y5_1`>]!U?\i . ~kj$d]!`j3g?\>d‚Td]!`kd]>U5R>c5g1htwFQ5U5Y1g5]!TU Diablo 750-N, Q5RS*bX_1c1Tg5g5htwT]S*\!g1g5htTzg1\eQ5TVc1\!]!`ec5TU1TfyQ5R>U5] 5100. *3n+m;iXR/d]/\ S1_5mFQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ - scrivener. …yR>]e]!Tb1d]!R>[/htw v YX_1`/]!U3S?_5mFr]>R>{ReQ5U5Y5g1]!TU1\ :

#!/bin/sh #

258

9.

     
              

 



 

# diablo-if-net -  Diablo ‘scrivener’, #
  5100.


/usr/local/libexec/diablo-if-net # exec /usr/libexec/lpr/lpf "$@" | /usr/local/libexec/netprint scrivener 5100

       




KT9" $  "$ "#S   9"   "S%$#T

… rV]!R/nŒU1\!fS?T_1TyQ5U5TS*d]/\![!_?Tg1\Y5g v R>U?n7\!}5YXm;R/^R>{VU1\!g1Y5c5Tg1Y5Y3S?R-d]!j$Q1\bFQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU5j . )sY1d]>TVn7\ LPD Q5R>fV[>R!_1m5T]tj$Q5U1\>[!_5m5]!`e]!TVn , b5]!RlnuR!WZT]lR>^/U1\!€%\!]!`-domkbFQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU5j , b1\!bF_1R>b?\_1`/g5R , ]>\>bFY;j/S*\!_1Tg1g5R , dVnuR>{j$]_1Y R>g5Y;Q1Tc1\>]>\!]!`lg5Tdb5R>_1`>b5Rb5R>Q5Y1w , g1\/db5R>_1`>b1R^>R>_1`>a{Vj-]e^>ht]!`eYXi;fV\S*\!g5Y5m;YFg1\/db5R>_1`>b5RenuR>{j$] U1\!fVU1\>d]>\!]!`-dom3R>c1TU5TS?YFQ5TVc1\!]>Y .

9.4.4.



M6AK=:J L IKJ L IE B 

LI>5@HF=EFBDQ C

sY1d]!Tn7\ LPD Q1R>f[/R!_5m5TV]Q5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!T_1m1n _?T{b1ReQ5TVc1\!]/\!]!`eg5TVdb5R!_1`/b5Rb5R/Q5Y5w v \!wX_?\ . ~kR!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_1v Y;nuR/{j$] Q5Tc1\>]>\!]>`fV\S*\!g1YXmFdzQ1R/nuR>€‹b5R/n7\>g$S?h lpr -#5 (g1\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU ) YFQ5R>_1j$c1\!]>`QXm5]!`eb5R>Q1Y5wFb1\!W%S?R>{VR \!w5_?\t[ fV\=S\!g5Y5Y . R/U5R>a\>T]!T , c5]!Rknug5R/{R>c1Y1do_1TVg5g5htTsb5R>Q5Y1YF]!R>_1`>b5ReY5fg?\!aFY1[/\!e][/\>aFY;Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU5h , nuR>WTV]!TyR>]!bX_?c5Y5]>` R>Q5}5Y1 -# b5R-n7\!g$S*h lpr(1), S*R>^/\>[>Y5[)i5\>U1\!b5]>TU5Y1d]!Y5b5j sc [ v \>wX_ /etc/printcap. | R>{oS\Q5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!T_?Y Q5R>aF_1]efV\=S\!g5YXmFdzR>Q5}1Y5Tw -#, R>g5Y<j-[/Y$S1m5] :

9.4.4.1.

)

lpr: multiple copies are not allowed

c5]!Y1]!T , c5]!RlTVd_1Y;[>hxg?\>d]>U5R>YX_?YFj/S*\_?Tg5g5htw;S?R/d]!j$Q;bFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU5j (dn . U1\>foS?T_ kv~ U5Y5g5]!TVU5h , jXd]>\!g5R/[!_1TVg5g5htT‚g?\j/S*\!_1Tg5g1h)iliXR-d]>\!i ), g5TR/^!iXRS*Y1nuRfV\S*\!]>`i5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5j sc ]>\>bXWZTsY[ , Y5g1\!c1TsQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_1Y3[/dTzU1\>[>g5RdVnuR>{Vj-]eQ5R/dh)_?\!]>`fV\S*\!g1YXm;d g5TVdb5R!_1`/b5Y1nuY;b1R>Q5YXm1nuY%d7S*vU5j${YXi3iXR/d]!R>[ . \>dVdnuR>]>U5Y1n‰Q5U1Y1nuTU . …yR>] \>wX_ /etc/printcap S1_5m3iXR/d]>\ rose. ~kU5Y5g5]!TVU rattan [/Q5R!_1g1Tzg1\S?TWZTg , Q5R>rV]!R/nuj3nuhxU1\>fU5TVaFY1nKQ5TVc1\!]/\!]!`eg1\tg5TV{Rg1TVdb1R!_1`/b5Rb5R/Q5Y5w , g5R_?\!fVTU5g5htwFQ5U5Y5g5]>TU bamboo g5Tdb5R>_1`>b1R^>R>_1TT Y5fg5R/aFTVg , Q5R/r]!R-nujknuhŠR>]!bX_?c5Y1n‰S1_5mFg1T{ReQ5Tc?\!]!`eg5TVdb5R!_1`/b5YXi3b5R>Q1Y5w , S*R>^/\>[>Y5[)i5\>U1\!b5]>TU5Y1d]!Y5b5j sc:


           
      

# rose # /etc/printcap 
  

# rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple:

  

bamboo

bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:\ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:ms#-parenb cs8 clocal crtscts:rw:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\ :df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:

sq TVQ5TU1`eg1\/n‰]>\>bXWZTsg5j-WZg5RS?R>^-\![>Y1]!`ti5\!U1\>b5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5j sc [ v \!wX_1T /etc/printcap g1\iXR/d]>T j/W nuh‹T{RlnuTgXm5Tn , S*\>[/\>w5]!T‚R/]!bX_1ec5Y1nŒQ1Tc1\>]!`eg1TVdb1R!_1`/b5YXi3b5R>Q5Y1wkS1_5mFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\ teak):

orchid (

YFU1\>f

259

9. # # /etc/printcap 
 orchid 


   
  






#



teak 

bamboo teak|hp|laserjet|Hewlett Packard LaserJet 3Si:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:sd=/var/spool/lpd/teak:mx#0:sc:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/ifhp:\ :vf=/usr/local/libexec/vfhp:\ :of=/usr/local/libexec/ofhp:

       

  

                 




  

rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :lp=:rm=rose:rp=rattan:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan: bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :lp=:rm=rose:rp=bamboo:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:

) Q5R/nuR/€F`>Ši5\!U1\>b5]!TU1Y1d]!Y1b5Y sc nuhŠQ5U5ToS*R>]![/U1\!€%\!TVnKY?dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>g5Y5T7b5R-n7\!g$S*h lpr -#, g5RrV]!Reg1TynuTVaT_5m1nPQ5U5R-d]!Re[>htQ5R>_1g5Y5]>`b5R-n7\!g$S?j lpr(1) g5Tdb5R>_1`>b5ReU1\!fsYX_1Yfs[eRS?g1R/nKfV\S*\!g1Y5YFdo_?ToS?j$€U1\>fR/n : % lpr forsale.sign forsale.sign forsale.sign forsale.sign forsale.sign

zd]!`knug5R/{RedQ5R/dR>^/R>[tQ5U5TS?R>]>[>U1\>]!Y5]!`l]>\!b1R>Tzg1Tb5R/U5U5Tb1]!g5R>TyY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!g1Y5T ([/bX_1ec1\m;TV{RY1{g5R/U5Y5U5R/[/\!g1Y5T ), b5R>]!R/U5htTz[/hƒnuR!WZT]>TsU1\>fU1\>^>R/]>\!]!`ed\>nuR-d]!R>m5]!T_?`>g5R . -

9.4.4.2.



M6AK=:J L IKJ L IRPTB:>1@1Y?Q:=EQLA J?@1IKAK=

s… hƒnuR>WZT]!Tyj$Q5U1\![>_5m5]!`e]!TVn , b5]!v RlYFg1\b1\!b5Y1TsQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU5h‹nuR>WTV]Q5TVc1\!]>\>]!` , dzQ5R-nuR>€ŠnuTiX\>g5Y5fn7\{VU5j$Q5Q Y;i5\>U1\!b5]>TU5Y1d]!Y5b5Y rg [ \!wX_1T /etc/printcap. ~kU5R-d]!ReQ5R/nuTd]!Y1]!TsQ1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!T_1Tw , b5R>]!R/U5hn g5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuRQ5U5TS?R/d]>\![/Y5]!`tS*R/d]>j-Q]!TVnKj$b1\!WY1]!TsrV]!j3{U1j-Q1Q5j3[ b1\!c5Td]![/TzfVg1\!c5TVg5YXm3i5\!U?\!b5]!TVU5Y1d]!Y5b5Y rg. ~kR!_1`/fR>[-\!]!T_1Y , g5Ty[!iXRS?m5€FY5T‚[er]!j3{VU5j$Q5Q5j ([>bX_1ec1\m root) ^>j/S?j$]Q1R!_1j$c1\>]!`j$[>TS?R/n+_?Tg5Y5T lpr: Not a member of the restricted group Q5U5Y%Q5R/Q5ht]!b5TsQ5Tc1\>]>\!]>`eg1\b5R>g1]!U5R!_?Y5U5j$TVnuhtwTU . | \!b;Yb5]!TVU5Y1d]>Y5b5R>w sc (Q1RS*\>[>Y5]!`[>hyS*\>c5jkg5TVdb5R!_1`/b5YXikb5R>Q1Y5w ), Q5U5YY , g1\=S*R j-b?\!fht[-\!]!`iX\>U1\!b1]!TU5Y?d]!Y5b1j rg YFg1\j>S\_1TVg5g5h)ikiXR/d]/\i , Y1nuTe€FYXikS*R/d]>j-QTU1\/n (dVn . U1\>foS?T_ ~kU5Y5g5]!TVU5h , jXd]>\!g5R/[!_1TVg5g5htT‚g?\j/S*\!_1Tg5g1h)iliXR-d]>\!i ). „3\!Q5U5Y?nuTU , S\![/\>w5]!TsU1\!fVU5TaU1\>€`/domkbFQ1U5Y5g5]!TVU5j rattan,v g5Rl]!R!_?`>b5ReQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\!]>T_1Y3{VU5j$Q5Q5h artists dVnuR>{j$]eY1dQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!`tQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU bamboo. …yR/]fg1\>b5R/nuhtwFj/WZT \!wX_ /etc/printcap S?_5m;iXR/d]>\ UNIX

rose:

# # /etc/printcap 
 rose -   

   # rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple:

  

      




bamboo

bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:\ :lp=/dev/ttyd5:ms#-parenb cs8 clocal crtscts:rw:\

260

9. :if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\ :df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:

,

!\ [/\>w5]!T‚g1Ts^/j>S*TVn‰nuTg5m5]!`S*U5j${R>wdVdn7\>]!U5Y5[-\!TVnuhtw v \!wX_ /etc/printcap (S1_1m;iXR/d]/\ orchid). | R>g5TVc5g5R , [U5TVfj-_1`>]/\!]!T , _1^/R>w;Q1R!_1`/fR>[-\!]!T_1` orchid nuR!WZTV]Q5TVc1\!]>\>]!`g?\ bamboo. …yR>fnuR!WZg5R , g?\iXR/d]!T orchid j-c1T]!g5h)i;f\!Q5Y?dTwFYF]>\>bFg5Tnug5R>{VR , Y;[/hxiXR>]!Y1]!T , c5]>R>^>hŠ[/dTsR>g5YFY1nuT_1YFS?R-d]!j$Q;bTU5j . *l_?YFg5TV] . . ’!‘¶“ ’ “ :  103• œ —£Vœ™7› ¤)£¦—z¢/–?— 7!—  72˜ /V7  9™  4 œ™ !´V£ ™ 0 49œoŸ••™ .

9.4.4.3. 9BDJK@AKB 
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sY1d]!Tn7\ LPD g1TsR/]!b1\WZTV]>domFQ1Tc1\>]>\!]!` v \!wX_v R!_?`>aFTyn7\!b1dY1n7\_?`>g5R)S*R>Q5jXd]>Y1nuR>{VRtS1_5mTU1\eU1\!fnuTU1\ . …ynuTd]!Rer]!R/{R , R>g1\Q5R/d]>\![/Y5][lR>c5TVU5ToS*`c1\/d]!` \!wX_?\)S?Ref\=S*\>g5g5R>{VRQ5U5TS?T_*\ , Yg1\^>j/S?T]g1\!Q5TVc1\!]/\!g1\ . ld]>\!_1`>g5R/T‚g5Ty^>j/S?TV]g1\!Q1Tc1\>]>\!g5R . ~kU1\>[>YX_1`/g5R/d]!`t]>\>b5R>{VRQ5R/[>ToS*Tg5YXm;g5Ty^>TddQ5R>U5g?\ . , \![/\>w5]!T‚jXv d]>\!g5R/[>Y1nKR/{U1\>g5Y5c5TVg5YXmkS1_1mFQ5U5Y5g1]!TU5R/[eY1fsg1\>aFYXi3Q5U1Y1nuTU5R/[ , rattan Y bamboo. ~kR/db1R!_1`/b5j PostScript- \>wX_1h r]!Y5i3i$j/S?R>WZg5Y5b5R/[R>^/htc5g5R^/ht[/\>][/TVd`-n7\t^>R>_1`>a{U?\!g5Y5c1Y1nKYXi;U1\>fVnuTUFQXm5]!`> nuT{V\>^/\>w5]>\>nuY . ˆ‰hƒg5Ty^>j/S?TnKR>{U?\!g5Y5c1Y5[/\>]!`Y1dQ5R!_?`>fR/[/\>g5Y5T7R>^/htc5g5R/{R]!TVb1d]!R/[>R/{Rd]!U5R>c1g5R>{VRQ5U5Y1g5]!TU?\ : )

# # #

  

/etc/printcap 


rose

     

        

  
  

          

# #     

 : # rattan|line|diablo|lp|Diablo 630 Line Printer:\ :sh:mx#0:sd=/var/spool/lpd/rattan:\ :lp=/dev/lpt0:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/if-simple: # 
 
   #  -

: # bamboo|ps|PS|S|panasonic|Panasonic KX-P4455 PostScript v51.4:\ :sh:sd=/var/spool/lpd/bamboo:sc:rg=artists:mx#5000:\

261

9. :lp=/dev/ttyd5:ms#-parenb cs8 clocal crtscts:rw:\ :if=/usr/local/libexec/psif:\ :df=/usr/local/libexec/psdf:

eQXm5]!`]/\!b5Y , R>{VU1\!g5Y1c5Tg5Y5m;Q5U5Y1nuTVgXm5]>dm_1`>b1RtS1_5mF_1R>b1\!_1`>g1h)ilQ5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!T_?Tw . -zd_1YF[/hƒg1\/d]!U5R/YX_1Y >j S\_1TVg5g5htwkS?R-d]!j$Qn v , S?_5mFj/S*\_?Tg5g5h)i3Q5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_1Tw3rV]!YFR/{U1\!g1Y5c5Tg1YXm;g5TzS?Tw1d]![>j$e] . „3\S?R fV\=Sv \!]!`iX\>U1\!b1]!TU5Y?d]!Y5b1j mx YF[ \>wX_?\!i /etc/printcap j/S*\_1TVg5g5h)ikiXR/d]!R>[ . ;yR>_1TT‚S?T]>\!_1`>g1j- Y5g R>U?n7\!}5Y5‹Q5Rlj>S\_1TVg5g5R>wFQ5Tc1\>]!YTU5h , j$d]>\!g1R>[!_?Tg5g5htTzg1\j/S*\!_1Tg1g5h)iki$R-d]>\!i . -zd]!`lT€{VU1\!g5Y1c5Y5]!`eU1\!fnuTU;f\=S*\>g5Y5w;Q5TVc1\!]>YTU5R/[ ; dn . U1\>foS?T_ e{VU1\!g5Y1c5Tg5Y1TzQ5TVc1\!]!Y+Y P= %  I?JDJ



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)sY1d]!Tn7\edQ5j-_1Y5g5{\ LPD R/^>TdQ5TVc5Y5[/\>T]tg5Tdb5R>_1`>b1RdQ5R-dR/^>R>[R>{U?\!g5Y5c1Y5]!`Q1R/dh)_?b5jkfV\=S\!g5Y5wg5Y5c5TVg5YXm3iXR/d]!R>[ …yhƒnuR!WZT]!Tyv j$Q5U1\>[!_5m5]!`e]!TVn , dzb?\!b5YXi3j/S*\!_1Tg5g1h)i3i$R-d]!R/[t_1R>b?\_1`/g1\m;dY?d]!Tn7\ LPD Q5U5Y5g5Y?n7\!T]efV\>Q5U5R/dh d‚Q5R-nuR>€ \>wX_1R/[ /etc/hosts.equiv Y /etc/hosts.lpd. )sY1d]!TVn7\ LPD Q5U5R>[/TUXm5TV] , Q5R-d]!j$Q1\>T]_1Y [!iXRS?m5€FY5w;f\!Q5U1R/d‚dziXR/d]/\ , j$b1\>fV\!g1g5R>{VRt[eR!S?g5R/nKY1fsrV]!YXi v \!wX_?R>[ . -sdo_1YTVU5{V\>T] fV\>Q5U5R/d . v R>U1n7\>]r]>YXi \!wX_?R>[Q5U1R/d]>R>w : Q5RlRS?g5R-nujkY1nuTg5YFiXR/d]/\[ed]!U5R/b5T . c5]!Y5]>T , c5]!R v \!wX_ /etc/hosts.equiv ]>\>bXWZTsY1dQ5R!_?`>fj$TV]>dom;Q5U1R>]!R/b5R!_1R-n ruserok(3) YF[>_1YXm5T]eg1\Q1U5R>{VU1\>n7nuh rsh(1) Y rcp(1), ]>\>bFc5]>R , ^/j>S*`>]!Ts[>g5Y1n7\>]!T_?`>g5h . „3\!Q5U1Y1nuTU , [>R>] v \!wX_ /etc/hosts.lpd S1_5m;iXR-d]>\ rose:

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263

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264

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| R>{oS\t[>hx^/j>S*T]!Ty{R/]!R>[/h[/hd]>\>[>Y5]>`Q5R>_1`>fVR>[/\>]!T_1m1nPdc5T]efV\U1\>dQ5Tc1\>]!b5Y , fV\!Q1j$d]!Y5]!TyQ5U5R/{U1\/n7nuj pac(8). ~kU5R/d]!RQ5TVU5TwXS?Y5]!Ty[b1\>]>\_?R>{sdQ5j-_1Y5g5{\Q5U1Y5g5]!TVU1\ , j-c1T]!g5j$ Y5g v R/U1n7\!}1Y5Šb5R/]!R>U5R/{Re[>h iXR>]!Y1]!TsR/^>U1\>^>R/]>\!]!` , YF[>[/ToS?Y1]!Tzb5R-n7\!g$S*j pac. …yhƒQ1R!_1j$c5Y5]>TsY5]>R>{R/[>htTzdjXn7nuhƒ[tS?R>_5_?\>U1\i , b1\>b;Q5R/b1\!f\!g5Rg1YXWZT : Login orchid:kelly orchid:mary orchid:zhang rose:andy rose:kelly rose:mary rose:root

pages/feet

total

| R/n7\!gXS*\

pac(8)

runs 5.00 31.00 9.00 2.00 177.00 87.00 26.00

price 1 $ 3 $ 1 $ 1 $ 104 $ 32 $ 12 $

0.10 0.62 0.18 0.04 3.54 1.74 0.52

337.00

154

6.74

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pages/feet

runs

price

265

9. andy kelly mary root zhang

2.00 182.00 118.00 26.00 9.00

1 105 35 12 1

$ $ $ $ $

0.04 3.64 2.36 0.52 0.18

total

337.00

154

$

6.74

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% lpq -P bamboo

Q5R>b1\>fht[-\!T])R/c5TU5TS?`yS1_5m;Q1U5Y5g5]!TVU1\Q1RY1nuTg1Y bamboo Rank active 2nd 3rd

is ready Owner kelly kelly mary

bamboo.

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and printing Job Files 9 /etc/host.conf, /etc/hosts.equiv 10 (standard input) 11 ...

lpq:

Total Size 88 bytes 1635 bytes 78519 bytes

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268

9. kelly: 1st /etc/host.conf /etc/hosts.equiv

[job 009rose]

kelly: 2nd (standard input)

[job 010rose]

73 bytes 15 bytes

1635 bytes

mary: 3rd [job 011rose] /home/orchid/mary/research/venus/alpha-regio/mapping 78519 bytes

9.5.3.   $ 9  "$

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lprm(1).

% lprm  
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-P option.

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lprm(1)

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lprm

zdo_?YF[b1R/n7\!gXS?g5R>w%d]!U1R>b5Tsg5Tsj$b1\>fV\>g5hxg5R/nuTVU;fV\S*\!g1YXm , Y1n+mFQ5R>_1`>fVR>[-\!]!T_5m , YX_1Y<j-b?\!fV\>g1\tR/Q5}5YXm -, b5R/n7\>g$S*\ lprm(1) j/S*\_1m5T]]>Tb5j$€FTVTs\>b5]!Y5[/g5R>TsfV\=S\!g5Y5Tsg1\ld]>\>g$S*\!U1]!g5R/nŒQ5U5Y5g5]>TU5T , TVd_1YFR/g5R 5 Q U5Y5g?\=S1_1TWZY5][-\>n . )sj$Q5TVU5Q5R!_?`>fR/[/\>]!T_1`nuR>WZT]lj>S\_5m5]!`_1^/R>Ts\>b5]!Y5[/g5R>TsfV\S*\!g5Y1T . , R>^/\>[>`/]!T7R>Q5}1Y5 -P S?_5m;_1e^>R>{VRY5fsQ5TU1Tc5Y1d_1Tg1g5h)i;[>hta€FTg1Y5w , c5]!R/^>hxU1\>^>R/]>\!]!`ld7_1e^>hn g5TR/^!iXRS?Y?nuhnKQ5U5Y5g5]>TU5R-n‰[/nuTd]!Rkd]>\>g$S*\>U5]!g5R/{R . „3\>Q5U5Y1nuTVU , d_1ToS?j$e€]!T_5m3Y5fyR>c1TU5TS?Y;Q5U5Y1g5]!TU?\Q5RlY1nuTVg5Y rattan: -

% lprm -P rattan -

269

9.

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% lpr -P rattan myfile % rlogin orchid % lpq -P rattan

Rank Owner Job Files active seeyan 12 ... 2nd kelly 13 myfile % lprm -P rattan 13 rose: Permission denied % logout % lprm -P rattan 13 dfA013rose dequeued cfA013rose dequeued

Total Size 49123 bytes 12 bytes

9.5.4. $ %    (  (  %$#% :   3"" S$ #"

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% lpr -P bamboo -d fish-report.dvi

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ditroff (device independent troff).

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k~ Tc1\>]!`U?\>d]>U5R>[/h)iS*\>g5g5h)i . …sR/]Q5U5Y?nuTU : d_1ToS?j$e€[-\!g5g5j$ƒ[/TU1dY5 dQ5U1\>[>R/c5g5R>{VR U5j$b5R>[/RS*d]![/\tQ1Rb5R-n7\!g$S?T ls(1) g1\ld]/\!g$S*\>U5]!g5htwdQ1\!b1R>[>ht[-\!TV]tY1doiXRS*g5htw;b5R!Sd]>U1\!g5Y1}5hŠdQ1U1\![/R>c5g5R/{RtU5j$b5R/[>R!S*d]![-\ ls(1) YFQ5TVU5ToS\!T]T{R b5R/n7\>g$S?T troff(1), b5R>]>R>U1\!m v R>U1n7\>]!Y5U5j$T]T{RlY;[/hyS*\!TV]U5TVfj-_1`>]/\!][ v R>U1n7\>]!T GNU troff, Q1TU5TS*\![-\!TVnuhtw b5R/n7\>g$S?T lpr(1), Q5R-dh)_?\>€g5Y5TzdQ5j-_1TU5j LPD. ~kR/db5R!_?`>b5jknuhƒY1dQ5R!_1`/fR/[/\_?Y3v R>Q5}5Y1 -t b1R/n7\!gXS?h R/U1n7\!] , Q5R>gXm5]>g5htw lpr(1), dQ5j-_1TU]!YFf\=S*\>g5YXm;^>j/S?TV]Q5U1TR>^/U1\!fVR>[/ht[/\!]>`yU1Tfj-_1`/]>\!] GNU troff [ d]>\>g$S*\!U1]!g5R/nujkQ5U1Y5g5]!TVU5j . 271

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% lpr -#3 parser.c parser.h

-m

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Id Refs Address Size 1 2 0xc0100000 16bdb8 7 1 0xc24db000 d000

Name kernel linux.ko

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# cd /usr/ports/emulators/linux_base # make install distclean

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