Fifty Years the Queen: A Tribute to Elizabeth II on Her Golden Jubilee

Princess Elizabeth serving in the Auxiliary Transport Service in World War II.

FIFTY YEARS THE QUEEN A TRIBUTE TO HER MAJESTY

QUEEN ELIZABETH II ON HER GOLDEN JUBILEE

Arthur Bousfield ^d Garry

DUNDURN PRESS TORONTO AND OXFORD

Toffoli

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Acknowledgements

2002

In the writing of Fifty Years The Queen, the authors owe a great debt of gratitude to Kirk Howard, Chairman, and the other Trustees of the Canadian Royal Heritage Trust/Fonds du patrimoine royal du Canada for allowing them full access to the Trust's important collection of books, pictures, newspapers, scrap books and manuscripts (in particular the Rhea and Ron Anger, M. Ida New and Carl L. Shain collections) and for permitting them to reproduce many items from it. Several volunteer members of the Trust staff also generously assisted them in their work. They would in particular like to acknowledge the help of Claudia Willetts, Trust Librarian; Helen McNeil, Trust Archivist; Charles W. Clark; H. Kent Jackson; Barbara Kemp; Jane Wachna; and W. Mackenzie Youngs. Assistance of the staff of Monarchy Canada Magazine is also gratefully recorded. Permission to use the official Golden Jubilee emblem was graciously given by the Golden Jubilee Office. As with their previous books, the authors received much help from Richard Toporoski of the University of St Michael's College in matters constitutional, historical and social. Dr Toporoski also allowed them to use some of his pictures. A similar debt is owed to Lisa Mitchell who placed her collection of commemoratives of the Queen at their disposal, photographed the items from it that they chose to use as well as other pieces and assisted them with her extensive knowledge of this field. She also allowed them to use her own pictures of royal tours and royal occasions. For this expenditure of time and effort they are truly grateful. The authors also wish to thank: John L. Aimers, Dominion Chairman and Founder of The Monarchist League of Canada, for permitting them to reproduce Her Majesty The Queen's approval of the drawing of the League's arms and for other help; Rev'd Harold Logan for supplying a difficult to obtain photograph; Alan Ho, Manager of Motophoto at 2674 Yonge Street, Toronto, for his careful processing of numerous rolls of film; Gordon Schmidt of Hanover for giving permission to reproduce the unique painting of the 1957 opening of Parliament by the Queen which is on loan to the Canadian Royal Heritage Museum at the Diefenbaker Birthplace in Neustadt, Ontario; and H. Kent Jackson for the loan of items from his collection of royal memorabilia.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise (except for brief passages for purposes of review) without the prior written permission of Dundurn Press Limited. Permission to photocopy should be requested from the Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency. Publisher: J. Kirk Howard Design: Heidy Lawrance Associates Printer: Transcontinental Printing Inc. Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Bousfield, Arthur, 1943Fifty years the queen: a tribute to the Queen on her golden jubilee ISBN 1-55002-360-8

Illustration Credits

1. Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926—Anniversaries, etc. 2. Queens—Great Britain— Biography. I, Toffbli, Garry, 1953II. Title. DA590.B68 2002 C2002-902189-5

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We acknowledge the support of the Canada Council for the Arts and the Ontario Arts Council for our publishing program. We also acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Book Publishing Industry Development Program and The Association for the Export of Canadian Books, and the Government of Ontario through the Ontario Book Publishers Tax Credit program. Care has been taken to trace the ownership of copyright material used in this book. The author and the publisher welcome any information enabling them to rectify any references or credit in subsequent editions.

Printed and bound in Canada. Printed on recycled paper. www.dundurn.com Dundurn Press 8 Market Street Suite 200 Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5E 1M6 Dundurn Press 73 Lime Walk Headington, Oxford, England OX3 7AD

Dundurn Press 2250 Military Road Tonawanda NY U.S.A. 14150

Many of the historical, copyright-expired illustrations and some contemporary illustrations are came from the collection of the Canadian Royal Heritage Trust. The credits for other illustrations are as follows: Associated Press: 132 Australian High Commission for Canada: 153, 154, 179 Australians for Constitutional Monarchy: 217 Lynne Bell: (Monarchy Canada photographer): 168 (top right & bottom right), 169 (bottom left), 170 (bottom left), 190, 196 (top right) Arthur Bousfield: (Monarchy Canada photographer): 40 (bottom), 41, 42, 60, 68 (bottom right), 96 (top left), 96 (bottom left), 97 (middle right), 98 (top left), 114 (top left), 161 (top), 170 (right), 195 (bottom left) Daphne Bousfield: 97 (bottom right) British Columbia Government: B. Novak: 180, 181 (top) British Information Services: 69 (top right), 125, 130, 149, 151, 155, 158, 196 (top left) Natalie Bullen (Monarchy Canada photographer): 137 (left), 169 (top left) Canadian Chancellery: 146 (bottom left & centre), 147 (top left & centre) Canadian Heritage: 95 (top right), 119 (right), 146 (top), 165, 225, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231 Canadian Heritage-Victor Pilon: 148 (bottom left), 188, 189 (top & bottom) Canadian Press: 48 (top right & bottom right), 210 Clara Cirasella (Monarchy Canada photographer), 184 (bottom), 195 (bottom right) Communicate New Zealand: 29 (top right) Department of National Defence of Canada: 29 (bottom left), 52 (bottom right), 53 (top, middle right), 86, 146 (bottom right), 147 (top right & bottom left) Derrick Ditchburn: 206 Federal Newsphotos of Canada: 83, 110 (bottom), 115 Jayne Fincher: 213 JackFleger: 182 Graphic Industries: 113 (bottom) House of Commons of Canada: 98 (middle left) Hudson's Bay Company: 96 (top right) Janet Huse (Monarchy Canada photographer): 29 (middle right & bottom right), 137 (middle right), 168 (left), 201 (top left, top right & bottom right), 202 (left & right), 211 (top), 212, 219 David Lcvenson: 183 (top & bottom) Rev'd Harold Logan: 96 (bottom right) Ashley Lubin (Monarchy Canada photographer): 174, 175 Murdoch W. MacLean: 17 (left) Lisa Mitchell (Monarchy Canada photographer): 28 (top left), 52 (middle), 70 (bottom left), 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 170 (top left), 215, 224 (bottom left) Monarchist League in Australia & Sir William Dargie: 133 Monarchist League of Canada: 147 (bottom right) National Archives of Canada: 7, 98 (bottom left), 195 (top right) National Film Board of Canada: 135, 136 (left), 145 (top & bottom) National Portrait Gallery: (London) 224 (top left) New Brunswick Archives: 23 (left) New Zealand Herald: 208 Northwest Territories Government: 141 (right), 196 (bottom right), 207 (top) Nova Scotia Legislative Library: 97 (top left) O. P. &F. A.: 137 (bottom) Charles Pachter: 70 (bottom right) Photographers International (Terry Fincher): 186, 187 PA News/London Press Service: 28 (bottom left), 181 (bottom), 209 (bottom), 214, 216, 224 (bottom right) Popperfoto: 116 Prince George Citizen: 196 (middle) Regina Leader-Post: 144 (top) Rogers Communications: 75 Royal Canadian Mounted Police: 223 (bottom right) Royal Ontario Museum: 17 (right) Saskatchewan Government: 147 (bottom centre), 172 John Sebcrt: 18 (bottom) Beth Solomon (Monarchy Canada}: 69 (top left) S. P. G. Archives: 98 (top right) Sunday Times: 199 Garry Toffoli (Monarchy Canada photographer): 28 (top right & middle right), 52 (bottom left & middle right), 53 (bottom right), 156, 1^7 (top & bottom), 169 (top right & bottom right), 191 Richard Toporoski (Monarchy Canada photographer): 29 (top left), 98 (bottom right) Toronto Archives: 143 Tribune, Nassau: 204 United Press International: 131 United States Information Services: 103 Vancouver Sun: 142 White House: 192, 193 Ken Woolley (Monarchy Canada photographer): 161 (bottom), 162 (top), 184 (top), 18 5 Jake Wright: 205 Rod Wylie (Monarchy Canada photographer): 69 (bottom right)

Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE

CHAPTER Six

"I Greet You as Your Queen" Ottawa, 1957 7

"The Wind of Change" 1964-1976 125

CHAPTER Two

THE QUEEN'S CANADIAN FIRST MINISTERS

"Lilibet" 1926-1936 19

THE HOUSES OF WINDSOR 28

CHAPTER THREE "Ich Dien" 1937-1951 43

SAILORS, SOLDIERS, AVIATORS AND MOUNTIES OF THE QUEEN 52

136

HONOURS OF HER CROWN 146

CHAPTER SEVEN "I Dedicate Myself Anew" Silver Jubilee, 1977 149

THE QUEEN'S FAMILY AND CANADA 168

CHAPTER EIGHT

IMAGES OF MAJESTY

"I am getting to know our country rather well" 1978-1991

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CHAPTER FOUR

THE QUEEN AND THE NATIVE PEOPLES

"By the Grace of God...Queen" 1952-1954 71

194

ELIZABETH II WEARS THE CROWN THEY WORE 95

CHAPTER FIVE A New Elizabethan Age 1955-1963 99

COMMEMORATING THE QUEEN'S LIFE 120

CHAPTER NINE Fin de Siecle 1992-2000 197

ALL THE QUEEN'S HORSES AND ALL THE QUEEN'S DOGS 222 CHAPTER TEN The Golden Jubilee 2001-2002 225

Australian portrait of the Queen by Sir William Dargie, featured Her Majesty dressed in the colours of Australia and wearing the wattle flower, the national emblem of the country, on her shoulder

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"I Greet You A