WILEY GUIDE TO CHEMICAL INCOMPATIBILITIES SECOND EDITION
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WILEY GUIDE TO CHEMICAL INCOMPATIBILITIES SECOND EDITION
Richard P. Pohanish Stanley A. Greene
A JOHN WILEY & SONS PUBLICATION
Thi\ book is printed on acid-free paper. 8 Copyright 02003 by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada
N o part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic. mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4744. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York. NY 10158--0012.(212) 850-601 I. fax (212) 850-6008, E-Mail:
[email protected]. For ordering and cumrner yervice. call I-X00-CALL-WILEY
Library of Congress Cataloging-irt-PublicationData: Pohanish, Richard P. Wiley guide to chemical incompatibilities. 2nd ed. /Richard P. Pohanish p. cin. Rev. ed. of: Rapid guide to chemical incoinpatihilities. 01997. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-47 1-23859-7 I . Hazardous substances-Safety measures-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Chemicals-Safety measures-Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Pohanish, Richard P. Rapid guide to chemical incompatibilities. 11. Title. -
T55.3.H3 P647 2003 660'.2804-dc2 I 2002032959 Printed in the United States of America. 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To
Dina, Barbam, and Jennifer
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NOTICE This book is intended to provide data about chemical incompatibilities and other hazards. It is not intended as a primary source of research information. It cannot be assumed that all necessary warnings and precautionary measures are contained in this work, and that other, or additional, information or assessments may not be required. Extreme care has been taken in the preparation of this work and, to the best knowledge of the publisher and the editors, the information presented is accurate. No warranty, express or implied, is made. Information may not be available for some chemicals; consequently, an absence of data does not necessarily mean that a substance is not hazardous. Neither the publisher nor the editors assume any liability or responsibility for completeness or accuracy of the information presented or any damages of any kind alleged to result in connection with, or arising from, the use of this book. The publisher and the editors strongly encourage all readers, and users of chemicals, to follow the manufacturers’ or suppliers’ current instructions, technical bulletins, and material safety data sheets (MSDSs) for specific use, handling, and storage of all chemical materials. The chemical profiles presented in this guide book are representative of known and potential incompatible materials and neither purports to bc complete, nor is it intended as a primary source of research information. In fact, although there are other fine works that report on chemical accidents, it is nearly impossible to cover all of the potential combinations resulting from the 3,000 high-production volume chemicals used in the United States and elsewhere, let alone the hundreds of thousands of chemicals registered with the Chemical Abstract Service of the American Chemical Society (ACS).
vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT Thanks are due to those individuals who reviewed and constructively commented on publication of the first edition and during the development of this second edition. We also want to thank the many scientists, contract employees. and other individuals who developed the various documents and databases that provided so much of the data that were compiled for this book. Thanks are also due to Bob Esposito of John Wiley & Sons for his encouragement and suggestions for this edition.
viii
CONTENTS Introduction How to Use This Book Key to Abbreviations, Symbols, and Acronyms Chemicals and Their Incompatibilities in Alphabetical Order
xi xiii xv 1
Glossary
1257
Appendix 1: Reducing Agents (Name/CAS)
1267
Appendix 2: Oxidizing Materials (Name/CAS)
1269
Bibliography
1277
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INTRODUCTION More than five years ago, Rapid Guide to Chemical Inconzputihilities was published. This second edition has outgrown Wiley's smaller "Rapid Guide" series and has been enlarged and renamed Guide to Chemical lncomputibilities. Designed to fill the need for a portable and easy-to-use reference on reactive substances commonly found in commerce, the objective of this book is to aid those having all levels of knowledge and especially those who may not be chemists by profession, but who are trusted with the protection of human health and the environment. More specifically, this is a guide for personnel in the fields of safety, first-response, and transportation, as well as workers, supervisors, and plant management responsible for the handling, storage, and conveyance of chemical materials. To this end, the summary information covers flammability, violent and explosive binary reactions, incompatibilities, and reactions that may result from physical change. This edition contains nearly 9,500 chemical incompatibility profiles using more than 12,000 chemical and trade names. Nearly all the chemical profiles from the first edition have been revised, expanded, and rewritten. To save space, many similar and contiguous chemical synonyms (with the same CAS number) have been combined into a single entry. At the suggestion of reviewers of the first edition, Spanish language names and many additional flash points have been added and generally rounded down (i.e., 98.5 is rounded down to 98.0). More information has been added on the effects of chemicals that come into contact with construction materials, rubbers, plastics, and coatings. To help users with general chemical terms, a glossary has been included. Temperatures appear in both Fahrenheit and Celsius using the format (xxx"F/xxx"C). A more detailed description of profile contents appears in the next section. All CAS numbers have been checked. It is hoped that this new edition will save the reader time by providing information that would otherwise be difficult to obtain from multiple other sources. Any comments, suggestions. or advice from users are both welcomed and appreciated. All correspondence should be submitted in writing to the publisher.
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HOW TO USE THIS BOOK The term incompatibility is used to describe a wide range of chemical reactions that might include self-ignition from contact with air, the generation of heat resulting from contact of a chemical with moisture; decomposition; the generation of toxic gases; the heating, overflow, and rupture of containers; polymerization; the formation of new and possibly more dangerous compounds; fire, detonation, and explosion; or any combination of these or other actions. Using chemical names and Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) numbers, readers can locate concise incompatibility profiles for thousands of commercial chemicals that may be found in the industrial workplace, frequently stored, and transported i n bulk. Chemical names, regulatory names, alternate names, commonly used “trivial” names, and in many cases, product and trade names can be looked up directly without the reader’s having first to consult interim indices or charts. To avoid confusion with like-sounding names or multiple names with exact spellings, CAS registry numbers (in the format xxx-xx-x) have been provided. These numbers are assigned to all chemicals registered with the Chemical Abstracts Service of the American Chemical Society, and should always be used in conjunction with a substance name for positive identification. A substance’s incompatibility profile is based on the following information (as available): Incompatibility or reactions with common materials or conditions, including air and moisture. Incompatibility or binary reactions with another chemical substances. Incompatibility or reactions with structural materials such as metals, glass, concrete, etc. Incompatibility or reactions with protective materials such as plastics, rubber, and coatings. Information, as known, related to the ability of chemical substances to accumulate dangerous static electrical charges. The ability, when known, of a chemical (e.g., ethers) to form unstable and potentially explosive peroxides, or to cause polymerization. When polymerization inhibitors are known or recommended, they have been included. According to National Safety Council Data Sheet 1-6SS/rev. 1982, peroxides can be rendered harmless with iron(I1) sulfate ( I : I ) or by passing the liquid material over a bed of activated aluminum oxide [a-alumina (OSHA)]. When a chemical mixes with air to form an explosive mixture, the flash point has been provided in both degrees Fahrenheit and Celsius. Flash point is defined as “the minimum temperature (@ 760 mm Hg/l atm.) at which the liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid or within the test vessel used. Data are apparatus- and procedure-dependent.’’ However, in practice (e.g., outside the laboratory), ignition may occur at lower temperatures than those provided; it should also be noted that flash points found in the literature may differ for various reasons, including the presence of impurities. When a precise flash point is required, it should be established or verified by testing a technical-grade sample of the chemical substance. It should be noted that the U.S. OSHA and U.S. DOT have differing definitions for the terms “flammable” and “combustible.” DOT defines a flammable liquid as one that, under specified procedures, has a flash point of not more than 141”F/60.S°C. A combustible liquid is defined as one having a flash point above 141“F/60.5”C and below 2OOoF/93”C.This definition is used in this book. Many experts use 100°F/37.8”C as the point to differentiate these
xiii
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HOW TO USE THIS BOOK
terms. Therefore, for reference only, the following listing from 29 CFK 1910.106 is used by OSHA to classify tlammable or combustible liquids: Class IA flammable liquid: Flash point below 73°F and boiling point below 100°F Class IB tlammable liquid: Flash point below 73°F and boiling point at or above 100°F Class IC flammable liquid: Flash point at or above 73°F and below 100°F Class I1 combustible liquid: Flash point at or above 100°F and below 140°F Class IIIA combustible liquid: Flash point at or above 140°F and below 200°F Class IIIB combustible liquid: Flash point at or above 200°F Extremely flammable liquids should be transported by gravity, pumping, or inert gas propellent. Thc use of compressed air will cause the spreading of fumes and air-vapor mixtures. In confined spaces combustion can lead to violent explosion. Some materials are sensitive to heat and can deflagrate without any addition of air. When heated to decomposition, many substances emit toxic, flammable, and explosive vapors; some will ignite or explode. Although intended to be helpful in preventing, or at least minimizing, the harmful effects of chemical accidents, this guide will not address all possible contingencies that may be associated with storage or chemical mixtures, and should not be considered a substitute for the user’s own knowledge or judgment. In compiling this manual the editors used various sources of information; occasionally, contradictory data were found in the literature. Consequently, the editors and the publisher strongly urge users to consult chemical manufacturers’ and suppliers’ technical bulletins, material safety data sheets, labels, and shipping and other documents related to protection from, and the safe handling and storage of, all chemical SubStdnces. Furthermore, users are cautioned that the absence of specific reaction information in no way implies that different materials, or combinations of materials, under any set of conditions, may be safely mixed or otherwise used. In like manner, users must weigh comments about the “violence” of particular reactions, which may be affected by factors such as the amount of material. physical properties, temperature, use of closed or restricted systems, and so on. In some cases, very small quantities of contamination, or the presence of other materials in the working environment, may act as a catalyst and produce violent reactions such as polymerization, disassociation. and condensation. It should be noted that foreign names do not contain distinctive or diacritical marks used to aid in a particular country’s pronunciation; therefore, a name such as ACIDO FOSFORICO (phosphoric acid) or ACIDO NITRIC0 (nitric acid) are the same in both Italian and Spanish. The term “incompatible” generally means that there may be a reaction (possibly violent) with another material which may be other than binary. The reaction with another material may occur when subjected to “outside forces” such as warming, change in vapor pressure, or other physical change.
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND ACRONYMS
as-
ACGIH approx. asym@ atm.
P-
C CAS cc CFCs CFR ciscomp. cycloA- or 6deriv. DOT E-
EEC F FK
Y-
iso-
LEL mm3 MSDS I1 -
N-
the Greek letter alpha; used as a prefix to denote the carbon atom in a straight-chain compound to which the principal group is attached prefix for asymmetric American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists approximately prefix for asymmetric at atmosphere the Greek letter beta Centigrade Chemical Abstract Service closed cup chlorofluorocarbons Code of Federul Regulations (Latin, meaning “on this side”) indicating one of two geometrical isomers in which certain atoms or groups are on the same side of a plane compound (Greek, meaning “circle”) cyclic. ring structure; as cyclohexane the Greek letter delta derivative U.S. Department of Transportation the Greek letter epsilon European Economic Community Fahrenheit Federul Register the Greek letter gamma (Greek, meaning “equal, alike”) usually denoting an isomer of a compound lower explosive (flammable) limit in air, % by volume at room temperature or other temperature as noted an abbreviation for “meta-,” a prefix used to distinguish between isomers or nearly related compounds cubic meter Material Safety Data Sheets abbreviation for “normal,” referring to the arrangement of carbon atoms in a chemical molecule prefix for normal symbol used in some chemical names, indicating that the next section of the name refers to a chemical group attached to a nitrogen atom; the bond to the nitrogen atom xv
xvi 0-
w-
oc OSHA P-
PCB PE PP prim PVC 8 tec-
soh. tVIII-
t-
temp. torttI”i1s-
UEL u1zsy-r1-
> < = 8
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND ACRONYMS
ortho-, a prefix used to distinguish between isomers or nearly related compounds the Greek letter omega open cup Occupational Safety and Health Administration abbreviation for “para-,” a prefix used to distinguish between isomers or nearly related compounds polychlorinated biphenyl polyethylene polypropylene prefix for primary polyvinyl chloride symbol for a registered trademark or proprietary product prefix for secondary solution abbreviation for “symmetrical,” referring to a particular arrangement of elements within a chemical molecule prefix for tertiary temperature abbreviation for “tertiary,” referring to a particular arrangement of elements within a chemical molecule (Latin. meaning “across”) indicating that one of two geometrical isomers in which certain atoms or groups are on opposite sides of a plane upper explosive (flammable) limit in air, % by volume at room temperature or other temperature as noted prefix for asymmetric symbol for “greater than” symbol for “less than” symbol for “less than or equal to” symbol for “greater than or equal to” percent
A ABICELO (9004-34-6) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium nitrate, fluorine, strong oxidizers.
ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL or ABSOLUTE ETHANOL (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5S0F/13"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptdfluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-teut-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, ~-triazine-2,4,6-triol,triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACEDE CRESYLIQUE (French) (1319-77-3) Combustible solid or liquid (flash point
>178"F/>8 1"C). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid (oleum). Liquid attacks most plastics and rubber, although butyl rubber and Teflon@ have high resistance to permeation. Attacks many metals. ACEITE de CITRONELA (Spanish) (8000-29-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 16S0F/74"C). Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosion.
ACEITE de RICINO (Spanish) (8001-79-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 44S0F/229"C). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, nitrates. ACETAL (105-57-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -5"F/-2OoC cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Forms unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with heat and light. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETALDEHIDO (Spanish) (75-07-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36T-38"C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides, alcohols, anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, oxidizers, phenols, phosphorus. Explodes when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to
1
2
ACETALDEHYDE
mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon@, polyurethane, Neoprene', Vitono).
ACETALDEHYDE (75-07-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"F/ -38°C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat. dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides, alcohols, anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, oxidizers, phenols, phosphorus. Explodes when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks rubber, coatings, and some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon'. polyurethane, Neoprene@,Viton@). p-ACETALDEHYDE (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/ 17°C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETALDEHYDE DIETHYLACETAL (105-57-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 5 T - 2 0 " C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Forms unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with heat and light. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETALDEHYDE DIMETHYL ACETAL (534-15-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 33"Fll"C). May be able to form unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. P-ACETALDEHYDE OXIME (107-29-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids, forming hydroxylamine and acetaldehyde. Forms explosive peroxides on contact with air, acids. Attacks various alkali metals (i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium). ACETALDEHYDE TRIMER (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETAL DIETHYLIQUE (French) (105-57-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -S°F/-200C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Forms unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with heat and light. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETALDOL (107-89-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 1SO0F/66"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers.
ACETATE de CUIVRE
3
ACETALDOXIME or P-ACETALDOXIME (107-29-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids, forming hydroxylamine and acetaldehyde. Forms explosive peroxides on contact with air, acids. Attacks various alkali metals (i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium).
ACETALE (Italian) (105-57-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -S"F/ -20°C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Forms unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with heat and light. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETALNILIDA (Spanish) (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the 0- or p-position).
ACETAMIDE, N,N'-DIMETHYL (127-19-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/ 70°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogenated compounds, Incompatible with mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, cresols. Attacks plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ACETAMIDOBENZENE (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the 0- or p-position). ACETANIL (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 34S°F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the 0- or p-position).
ACETANILIDE (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the 0- or p-position).
ACETATE d'AMYLE (French) (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6OoF/16"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
ACETATE de BUTYLE (French) (123-86-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Reacts with water on standing to form acetic acid and n-butyl alcohol. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers and potassium tert-butoxide. Incompatible with caustics, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber, many plastics, resins. and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATE de BUTYLE SECONDAIRE (French) (105-46-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/L8"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, potassium tert-butoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETATE de CUIVRE (French) (142-71-2) Incompatible with acetylides, hydrazine, nitrates, mercurous chloride, strong acids.
4
ACETATE dISOPROPY LE
ACETATE d'ISOPROPYLE (French) (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber, and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATE de METHYLE (French) (79-20-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/- 10°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or bases causes decomposition with formation of methanol. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATE de METHYLE GLYCOL (French) (110-49-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/S2"C). Able to form unstable peroxide in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis. permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate. bromine dioxide, nitrates, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. ACETATE de PLOMB (French) (301-04-2) Contact with strong acids forms acetic acid. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, citrates, cresols. chloral hydrate. chlorides, carbonates, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates. methyl isocyanoacetate, potassium bromate, phenols, phosphates, resorcinol, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, sulfites, tartrates, trinitrobenzoic acid. urea nitrate. ACETATE de PROPYLE NORMAL (French) (109-60-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S8"F/14"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong acids. Attacks somc plastics, rubber. and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATE SALICYCLIC ACID (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACETATE de VINYLE (French) (108-05-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 18"F/-7"C). Polymerizes readily if not inhibited; elevated temperatures. the influence of light, air, oxygen. water, or peroxides can initiate reaction. Must be stabilized (hydroquinone or diphenylamine are recommended) to prevent polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, azo compounds, oleum, ozone (forms explosive: vinyl acetate ozonite), 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyeneimine, ethyleneimine, toluene. The vapor may react vigorously with dessicants [e.g., silica gel or aluminum oxide (alumina)]. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACETATO de p-ter-AMILFENILO (Spanish) (80-46-6) Combustible solid (Rash point 233"F/I 12°C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETATO de HEXILO
5
ACETATO de AMILO (Spanish) (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6OoF/16"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. ACETATO de sec-AMILO (Spanish) (626-38-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 89"F/32"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks many plastics. ACETATO de BENCILO (Spanish) (140-11-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 216"F/102"C). Reacts with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. n-ACETATO de BUTILO (Spanish) (123-86-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72OF122"C). Reacts with water on standing to form acetic acid and n-butyl alcohol. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers and potassium tert-butoxide. Incompatible with caustics, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber, many plastics, resins, and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATO de BUTILO-sec (Spanish) (105-46-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/I SOC). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, potassium-teut-butoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATO CADMIO (Spanish) (543-90-8) Incompatible with strong oxidizers, elemental sulfur, selenium, sulfides, tellurium, strong acids, nitrates. ACETATO de COBALT0 (Spanish) (71-48-7) Cobalt compounds react with oxidizers, acetylene. ACETATO de COBRE (Spanish) (142-71-2) Incompatible with acetylides, hydrazine, nitrates, mercurous chloride, strong acids. ACETATO del ETILENGLICOL MONOMETIL ETER (Spanish) (110-49-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/52"C).Able to form unstable peroxide in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitrates, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. ACETATO de ETILO (Spanish) (141-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, oleum. Will hydrolyze on standing, forming acetic acid and ethyl alcohol; this reaction is greatly accelerated by strong bases. ACETATO de 2-ETOXIETILO (Spanish) (111-15-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 117"F/47"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Softens many plastics. Attacks some rubber and coatings. ACETATO de HEXILO (Spanish) (142-92-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 113"F/45"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid,
6
ACETATO de ISOAMILO
nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Will swell rubber, and can dissolve certain coatings.
ACETATO de ISOAMILO (Spanish) (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (Hash point 77"F/25"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Attacks asbestos; softens and dissolves many plastics, rubber, and coatings. ACETATO de ISOBUTILO (Spanish) (110-19-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 63"F/17"C). Reacts with water, slowly forming acetic acid and isobutyl alcohol. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, nitrates, isocyanates. Dissolves rubber, many plastics, resins, and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATO de ISOPROPILO (Spanish) (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber. and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETATO MERCURIC0 (Spanish) (1600-27-7) Light and heat can cause decomposition. May react violently or form sensitive explosive compounds with 2-butyne-l,4-diol, fluoroacetylene, a-nitroguanidine, S-nitrotetrazol. Incompatible with ammonia, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. ACETATO MERCURIOSO (Spanish) (21908-53-2) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, acetyl nitrate, diboron tetrafuoride, disulfur dichloride, combustible materials, fuels, hydrazine hydrate, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide, hypophosphorous acid, methanethiol, phospham. sodium-potassium alloy, sulfur, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with alcohols, alkali metals, ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-, friction-, or shock-sensitive explosives with anilinium perchlorate, chlorine. phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, potassium, sodium-potassium alloy. May increase the explosive or thermal sensitivity of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane and other lower nitroalkanes, silver azide, hydrazinium perchlorate. Slowly decomposes on exposure to air. ACETA'IO di METIL CELLOSOLVE@(Union Carbide) (Italian) (110-49-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (Hash point 124"F/52"C). Able to form unstable peroxide in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, pemanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitrates. strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. ACETATO de METILO (Spanish) (79-20-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/-IO"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or bases causes decomposition with formation of methanol. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETA'I'O de PLOMO (Spanish) (6080-56-4) Contact with acids forms acetic acid. Mixture with lead bromate forms explosive compound. Inconipatible with bases, alkylene
ACETENE
7
oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, cresols, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, phenols, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, strong oxidizers, sulfites, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
ACETATO de n-PROPILO (Spanish) (109-60-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 58"F/14°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETDIMETHYLAMIDE (127-19-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/70°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogenated compounds. Incompatible with mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, cresols. Attacks plastics, rubber, and coatings.
N,N'-ACETDIMETHYLAMIDE
(127-19-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogenated compounds. Incompatible with mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, cresols. Attacks plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ACETEHYD (German) (75-07-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"FI -38°C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides, alcohols, anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, oxidizers, phenols, phosphorus. Explodes when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks rubber, coatings, and some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon@,polyurethane, Neoprene@,Wono).
ACETEHYDE (75-07-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36OFI-38"C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides, alcohols, anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, oxidizers, phenols, phosphorus. Explodes when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks rubber, coatings, and some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon@,polyurethane, Neoprene@,Viton@).
ACETENE (74-85-1) A flammable gas (-212"FI- 136°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, halogen acids. Chlorine compounds and sunlight or UV light can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with acids, halocarbons, lithium, nitrogen oxides, aluminum chloride, bromotrichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chlorotrifluoroethylene, copper, hydrogen bromide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, polyethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoro hypofluorite. Attacks cast iron. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
8
ACETICACID
ACETIC ACID (64-19-7) Vapor forms explosive mixture with air (above 103"F/39"C). Reacts violently with bases such as carbonates and hydroxides, giving off large quantities of heat, oxidizers, organic ainines, acetaldehyde, potassium fert-butoxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, aliphatic aniines, alkanolarnines, alkylcne oxides, epichlorohydrin, acetic anhydride, Zaminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium nitrate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromium trioxide. ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, oleum, perchloric acid, permanganates, phosphorus isocyanate, phosphorus trichloride, sodium peroxide, xylene. Attacks cast iron, stainless steel, and other metals. forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks many forms of rubber, plastic, and coatings. ACETIC ACID, AMMONIUM SALT (631-61-8) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aminoniurn nitrate, chlorine trifluoride, magnesium, potassium nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with nitrates. Forms a heat-sensitive explosive with 5azidotetrazole. Reacts with gold chloride. forming fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with sodiuin dichloroisocyanurate. ACETIC ACID, n-AMYL ESTER (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 60°F/16"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. ACETIC ACID, ANHYDRIDE (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1 ,3-diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, tetrafluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, arnines, Zaminoethanol, aniline, chlorosnlfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide. nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@, rubbers including natural, nitrile. and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, ANHYDRIDE WITH NITRIC ACID (591-09-3) Self-reactive; thermally unstable above 13 1 -212"F/55- IOO'C, depending on solution strength. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, mercuric oxide. ACETIC ACID ANILIDE (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the 0-or p-position). ACETIC ACID, BENZYL ESTER (140-11-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2 16"F/102"C). Reacts with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. ACETIC ACID, 2-BUTOXY ESTER (105-46-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/I 8°C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, potassium tert-butoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC ACID, ETHENYL ESTER
9
ACETIC ACID, 2-BUTOXYETHYL ESTER (112-07-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 16O0F/71"C).May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitrates, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid. ACETIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER (123-86-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Reacts with water on standing to form acetic acid and n-butyl alcohol. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers and potassium tert-butoxide. Incompatible with caustics, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber, many plastics, resins, and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, sec-BUTYL ESTER (105-46-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/I SOC). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, potassium tert-butoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, CADMIUM SALT (543-90-8) Incompatible with strong oxidizers, elemental sulfur, selenium, sulfides, tellurium, strong acids, nitrates. ACETIC ACID CHLORIDE (75-36-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 4OoF/4"C). Reacts violently with water, forming corrosive chlorides including acetic and hydrochloric acids. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases, alcohols (especially ethanol; spontaneous reaction), dimethyl sulfoxide, phosphorus trichloride. Forms hydrogen chloride with air. Highly corrosive to most metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks most rubber and plastics, although Teflon@has high resistance to permeation. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, COBALT(I1) SALT (71-48-7) Cobalt compounds react with oxidizers, acetylene. ACETIC ACID, CUPRIC SALT (142-71-2) Incompatible with acetylides, hydrazine, nitrates, mercurous chloride, strong acids. ACETIC ACID, DIMETHYLAMIDE (127-19-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogenated compounds. Incompatible with mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, cresols. Attacks plastics, rubber, and coatings. ACETIC ACID, 1,3-DIMETHYLBUTYL ESTER (108-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 13"F/45"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Will swell rubber, and can dissolve certain coatings. ACETIC ACID, ETHENYL ESTER (108-05-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 18"F/-7"C). Polymerizes readily if not inhibited; elevated temperatures, the influence of light, air, oxygen, water, or peroxides can initiate reaction. Must be stabilized (hydroquinone or diphenylamine is recommended) to prevent polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, azo compounds, oleum, ozone (forms explosive: vinyl acetate
10
ACETIC ACID. 2-ETHOXYETHYL ESTER
ozonite), 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyeneimine, ethyleneimine, toluene. The vapor may react vigorously with dessicants leg., silica gel or aluminum oxide (alumina)]. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
ACETIC ACID, 2-ETHOXYETHYL ESTER (111-15-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 17"F/47"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids. nitrates. Softens many plastics. Attacks some rubber and coatings. ACETIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (141-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I3S0F/S7"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, o h m . Will hydrolyze on standing, forming acetic acid and ethyl alcohol; this reaction is greatly accelerated by strong bases. ACETIC ACID, GLACIAL (64-19-7) Vapor forms explosive mixture with air (above 103"F/:/39"C).Reacts violently with bases such as carbonates and hydroxides, giving off large quantities of heat. oxidizers, organic amines, acetaldehyde, potassium tert-butoxide. Reacts. possibly violently, with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethano1, ammonia, ammonium nitrate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, o h m , perchloric acid, permanganates, phosphorus isocyanate, phosphorus trichloride, sodium peroxide, xylene. Attacks cast iron, stainless steel, and other metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks many forms of rubber, plastic, and coatings. ACETIC ACID, HEXYL ESTER (142-92-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1 3"F/4S0C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid. caustics, aliphatic amines. isocyanates. Will swell rubber, and can dissolve certain coatings. ACETIC ACID, ISOBUTYL ESTER (110-19-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 63"F/17"C). Reacts with water slowly, forming acetic acid and isobutyl alcohol. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines. nitrates, isocyanates. Dissolves rubber, many plastics, resins, and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, ISOPENTLL ESTER (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/2S°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids. nitrates. Attacks asbestor; softens and dissolves many plastics, rubber, and coatings. ACETIC ACID, ISOPROPYL ESTER (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis. strong acids. nitrates. Dissolves rubber, and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, LEAD(I1) SALT TRIHYDRATE (6080-56-4) Contact with acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with bases, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines. bromates, cresols.
ACETIC ACID, n-NONYL ESTER
11
epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, phenols, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, strong oxidizers, sulfites, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
ACETIC ACID, MERCURY(I1) SALT (1600-27-7) Light and heat can cause decomposition. May react violently or form sensitive explosive compounds with 2-butyne-l,4-diol, fluoroacetylene, a-nitroguanidine, 5-nitrotetrazol, and others. Incompatible with ammonia, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. ACETIC ACID, 3-METHOXYBUTYL ESTER (4435-53-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 7OoF/77"C).Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
ACETIC ACID, 2-METHOXY-1-METHYLETHYL ESTER (108-65-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point IOS"F142"C cc). Unless inhibited, polymerization may occur; avoid exposure to high temperatures, UV light, free-radical initiators. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts violently with sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
ACETIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (79-20-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/- 10°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or bases causes decomposition with formation of methanol. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC ACID, 1-METHYLETHYL ESTER (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber, and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC ACID, 1-METHYLPROPYL ESTER (105-46-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/1 SOC). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, potassium teut-butoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC ACID, 2-METHYLPROPYL ESTER (110-19-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 63"F/17"C). Reacts with water slowly, forming acetic acid and isobutyl alcohol. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, nitrates, isocyanates. Dissolves rubber, many plastics, resins, and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC ACID, NICKEL(I1) SALT (373-02-4) Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, sulfur, selenium.
ACETIC ACID, n-NONYL ESTER (143-13-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/ 67°C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates.
12
ACETIC ACID, 2-PENTYL ESTER
ACETIC ACID, 2-PENTYL ESTER (626-38-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 89"F/32"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks many plastics. ACETIC ACID, PHENYLMETHYL ESTER (140-11-4) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. ACETIC ACID, PROPYL ESTER (109-60-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 58"F/14"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Plow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, n-PROPYL ESTER (109-60-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5X0F/14"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC ACID, THALLIUM(1) SALT (563-68-8) Moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. ACETIC ACID, THALLOUS SALT (563-68-8) Moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. ACETIC ACID, VINYL ESTER (108-05-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 8 T - 7°C). Polymerizes readily if not inhibited; elevated temperatures, the influence of light, air, oxygen, water, or peroxides can initiate reaction. Must be stabilized (hydroquinone or diphenylamine is recommended) to prevent polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with nonoxidixing mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, azo compounds, o h m , ozone (forms explosive: vinyl acetate ozonite), 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyeneimine, ethyleneimine, toluene. The vapor may react vigorously with dessicants [e.g., silica gel or aluminum oxide (alumina)]. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACETIC ACID, ZINC SALT (557-34-6) Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases. Moisture may cause hydrolysis/decomposi tion. ACETIC ALDEHYDE (75-07-0) Forins explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"F/ 38°C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides. alcohols. anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide. oxidizers. phenols, phosphorus. Explodes when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks rubber, coatings, and some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon@,polyurethane,
[email protected]@). ~
ACETIC ETHER
13
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/ 52°C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1,3diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, tetrafluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines, 2-aminoethano1, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@,rubbers including natural, nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC BROMIDE (506-96-7) Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogeii bromide mist. Reacts violently with water, steam, or alcohols, forming acetic acid and hydrogen bromide. Attacks most metals and wood in the presence of moisture.
ACETIC sec-BUTYL ESTER (105-46-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/l SOC). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, potassium tert-butoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC CHLORIDE (75-36-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 4ODF/4"C). Reacts violently with water, forming corrosive chlorides including acetic and hydrochloric acids. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases, alcohols (especially ethanol; spontaneous reaction), dimethyl sulfoxide, phosphorus trichloride. Forms hydrogen chloride with air. Highly corrosive to most metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks most rubber and plastics, although Teflon@has high resistance to permeation. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETIC EHYDE (75-07-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"F/ - 38°C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides, alcohols, anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide. oxidizers, phenols, phosphorus. Explodes when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks rubber, coatings, and some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon@,polyurethane, Neoprene@,Won@).
ACETIC ESTER (141-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, oleum. Will hydrolyze on standing, forming acetic acid and ethyl alcohol; this reaction is greatly accelerated by strong bases. ACETIC ETHER (141-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates,
14
ACETIC METHYL ETHER
lithium aluminum hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, oleum. Will hydrolyze on standing, forming acetic acid and ethyl alcohol; this reaction is greatly accelerated by strong bases.
ACETIC METHYL ETHER (105-45-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 170"F/77"C). Moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates. ACETIC OXIDE (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/S2"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1,3diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, tetrafluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines. 2-aminoethanol, aniline. chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide. nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@, rubbers including natural, nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETIC PEROXIDE (79-21-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [Hash point 100"F/38"C; 10S°F/41"C (40% solution in acetic acid)]. A powerful oxidizer and extremely shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Thermally unstable, it decomposes violently at 230°F/I 10°C. May explode if concentration exceeds 56% of carrier, caused by evaporation. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible materials, strong bases. ether solvents, organic material, metal chloride solutions, transition metals, acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, olefins, magnesium, metal oxides. heavy metals, nickel, phosphorus, sodium nitride, zinc. Corrosive to most metals, including aluminum. ACETILACETONA (Spanish) (123-54-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (Hash point 93"F/34"C). May form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air; may undergo explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, organic acids, isocyanates. ACETIL CAPROLACTAMA (Spanish) (1888-91-1) Combustible liquid (flash point >230°F/1 10°C). May form unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. ACETILENO (Spanish) (74-86-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flammable gas). May polymerize due to heating. May decompose in air due to heating and elevated pressure, causing powerful detonation. A strong reducing agent that reacts violently with oxidizers (i.e.. chlorine, fluorine) especially under influence of light. Forms shock-sensitive acetylirle compounds with powdered active metals, copper, copper salts, mercury, mercury salts, silver, silver salts. Reacts with chlorine, forming ucetylene chloride. Reacts with bromine, cesium hydride. cobalt, halogens, iodine, mercuric nitrate, nitric acid; potassium, rubidium hydride, trifluoromethyl hypoHuorite, sodium hydride. ferrosilicon, ozone. ACETILO de BROMURO (Spanish) (506-96-7) Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen bromide mist. Reacts violently with water, steam, or alcohols, forming acetic acid and hydrogen bromide. Attacks most metals and wood in the presence of moisture.
ACETONA
15
ACETILUM ACIDILATUM (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
ACETOACETATO de METILO (Spanish) (105-45-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 70°F/77"C). Moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates.
ACETOACETIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (141-97-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
ACETOACETIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (105-45-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C).Moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates.
ACETOACETIC ESTER (141-97-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
ACETOACETONE (123-54-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 93"F/34"C). May form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air; may undergo explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, organic acids, isocyanates. ACETOANILIDE (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the o- or p-position). ACETO-CAUSTIN (76-03-9) The aqueous solution is a strong acid. Generally stable if moisture is not present. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Corrosive to metals, including iron, zinc, and aluminum. ACETOFENONA (Spanish) (98-86-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, oxidizers, perchloric acid. hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
ACETOL (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
ACETOMETHYLBENZENE (140-11-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 21 6"F/lO2"C). Reacts with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
ACETONA (Spanish) (67-64-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 2 T - 19OC). Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal, aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chromic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride,
16
ACETONCIANIDRINA
iodoform, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum. potassium fert-butoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (YO%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl- 1,3-butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester, PVC. Neoprene, Viton@).
ACETONCIANIDRINA (Italian) (75-86-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, reducing agents. ACETONCYANHYDRIN (German) (75-86-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 16S"F/ 74°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols. reducing agents. ACETONE (67-64-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2"F/- 19°C). Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal. aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chroniic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride, iodoform, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum, potassium terf-butoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers. fluorine. hydrogen peroxide (9O%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl- 1,3-butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester, PVC, Neoprene, Viton@). ACETONECYANHYDRINE (French) (75-86-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 1hS"F/ 74°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia. isocyanates, phenols. reducing agents. ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN (75-86-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes
ACETONYLDIMETHYLCARBINOL
17
to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures: rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, reducing agents.
ACETONIC ACID (598-8-3) Incompatible with strong acids ACETONILACETONA (Spanish) (1 10-13-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"Fl 79°C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. ACETONITRILE (75-05-8)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 42"F/6"C oc). Contact with steam forms cyanide gas. Reacts violently with oxidizers such as chlorine, bromine, and fluorine; chlorosulfonic acid; oleum or sulfuric acid. Incompatible with water (especially if acid or alkaline), acids, caustics, nitrating agents, indium, nitrogen tetroxide, sulfur trioxide, iron(II1) salts of perchlorate, indium, nitrogen-fluorine compounds. Attacks most rubber and plastics, but butyl rubber, PVAL, Teflon, Saranex, Silvershield, Viton@/Chlorobutyl are highly resistant to permeation. May accumulate electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors. ACETONITRILO (Spanish) (75-05-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 42"F/6"C oc). Contact with steam forms cyanide gas. Reacts violently with oxidizers such as chlorine, bromine, and fluorine; chlorosulfonic acid; oleum or sulfuric acid. Incompatible with water (especially if acid or alkaline), acids, caustics, nitrating agents, indium, nitrogen tetroxide, sulfur trioxide, iron(II1) salts of perchlorate, indium, nitrogen-fluorine compounds. Attacks most rubber and plastics, but butyl rubber, PVAL, Teflon, Saranex, Silvershield, Viton@/Chlorobutyl are highly resistant to permeation. May accumulate electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors. ACETONYL ACETONE (110-13-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
~-(II-ACETONYLBENZYL)-~-HYDROXYCOUMARIN (81-81-2) Strong oxidizers
may cause fire and explosions. Isolate from strong acids, strong bases.
ACETONYL BROMIDE (598-31-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 I3"F/45"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 276"F/136"C, emitting highly toxic fumes of hydrogen bromide. ACETONYL CHLORIDE (78-95-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 40°F/7"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with virtually any compound with active hydrogen atom, alkalis, sodium ethoxide. Turns dark and resinifies on prolonged exposure to light; old material can explode. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETONYLDIMETHYLCARBINOL (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture with air
above 136"F/SS0C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals,
18
ACETOPAN
forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide. ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide. tangerine oil. triethylaluniinum, triisobutylaluminuni. Attacks some forms of plastics. resins. and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148"F/64*C.
ACETO PAN (90-30-2) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aldehydes. nonoxidizing mineral acids. cellulose nitrate (of high surface area). sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates. nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETOPHEN (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics. ammonia. aliphatic amines. alkanolamines. isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACETOPHENONE (98-86-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C). Incompatible with slrong acids, aldehydes, aliphatic amines. oxidizers, perchloric acid, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics. coatings. and rubber. ACETOSAL (50-78-2) Cornbustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics. ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines. isocyanates, a1kylene oxides, epichloroliydrin. ACETOSALIC ACID (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder o r dust li)rnms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACETOSALIN (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms cxplosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia. aliphatic amines. nlkanolaniines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichloroliydrin. o-ACETOXYBENZOIC ACID or ZACETOXYBENZOIC ACID (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with S U I ~ L I ric acid, criustics. aminonia, aliphatic ainines. alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin. ACETOXYETHANE (141-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F! 57°C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulionic acid. Incompatible with strong acids. nitrates. lithium aluminum hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluininate. oleum. Will hydrolyrc on standing. forming acetic acid and ethyl alcohol: this reaction is greatly accelerated h y strong baws. 1-ACETOXYETHYLENE (108-05-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I X"FI-7'CI. Polymerizes readily i f not inhibited: clcvated temperatures. the influence of
ACETYL ANHYDRIDE
19
light, air, oxygen, water, or peroxides can initiate reaction. Must be stabilized (hydroquinone or diphenylamine is recommended) to prevent polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, azo compounds, oleum, ozone (forms explosive: vinyl acetate ozonite), 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyeneimine, ethyleneimine, toluene. The vapor may react vigorously with dessicants [e.g., silica gel or aluminum oxide (alumina)]. Flow or agitation of SUbSVdnCe may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
2-ACETOXYPENTANE (626-38-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 89"F/32"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks many plastics. 1-ACETOXYPROPANE (109-60-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 58"F/14"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-ACETOXYPROPANE (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber, and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. a-ACETOXYTOLUENE (140-11-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 216"F/lO2"C). Reacts with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. ACETYL ACETONE (123-54-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 93"F/34"C). May form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air; may undergo explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, organic acids, isocyanates. ACETYLAMINOBENZENE (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the o- orp-position). ACETYI, ANHYDRIDE (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Reach with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g.. potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1,3-diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, tetrafluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines, 2-aminoethanol, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Won@,rubbers including natural, nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
20
ACETYLANILINE
ACETYLANILINE (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 34S0F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group form? a new bond on ring in the 0-or p-position).
ACETYL BENZENE (98-86-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, oxidizers, perchloric acid, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. ACETYL BROMIDE (506-96-7) Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen bromide mist. Reacts violently with water, steam, or alcohols, forming acetic acid and hydrogen bromide. Attacks most metals and wood in the presence of moisture.
ACETYL CAPROLACTAM (1888-91-1) Combustible liquid (flash point >230°F/ 110°C). May form unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
ACETYL CHLORIDE (75-36-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 4OoF/4"C).Reacts violently with water, forming corrosive chlorides including acetic and hydrochloric acids. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases, alcohols (especially ethanol; spontaneous reaction), dimethyl sulfoxide, phosphorus trichloride. Forms hydrogen chloride with air. Highly corrosive to most metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks most rubber and plastics, although Teflon@has high resistance to permeation. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACETYL DIMETHYLAMINE (127-19-5) Combustible liquid (flash point J S8"F/70°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogenated compounds. Incompatible with mineral acids. strong acids, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, cresols. Attacks plastics, rubber, and coatings. ACETYLENE or ACETYLENE, DISSOLVED (74-86-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flammable gas). May polymerize due to heating. May decompose in air due to heating and elevated pressure, causing powerful detonation. A strong reducing agent that reacts violently with oxidizers (i.e., chlorine, fluorine), especially under influence of light. Forms shock-sensitive acetylide compounds with powdered active metals, copper, copper salts, mercury, mercury salts, silver. silver salts. Reacts with chlorine, forming acetylene chloride. Reacts with bromine, cesium hydride, cobalt. halogens, iodine. mercuric nitrate, nitric acid, potassium, rubidium hydride. trifluoromethyl hypofluorite, sodium hydride. ferrosilicon, ozone.
ACETYLENE DICHLORIDE (540-59-0) Forins explosive mixture with air (flash point 64" -69"F/18" -2 1 "C). Forms unstable peroxides in air; can polymerize unless inhibited. Polymerization can be caused by peroxides, strong sunlight, elevated temperatures, contact with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong bases, alkali metals, aluminum, difluoromethylene. dihypofluoride, nitrogen tetroxide (explosive). Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings.
ACETYLENE TETRABROMIDE (79-27-6) Decomposes above 374"F/19OoC;the presence of halogens and heavy metal derivatives may increase the sensitivity of this material. Reacts with alkalis. oxidizers, chemically active metals. Hot iron, aluminum, or zinc in the presence of steam may produce toxic vapors. Softens or destroys most plastics and rubbers.
ACETYL HYDROPEROXIDE
21
ACETYLENE TRICHLORIDE (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylerre. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization: alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. ACETYLENOGEN (75-20-7) Contact with water, moist air, steam, alcohols forms explosive acetylene gas, corrosive calcium hydroxide, and heat. Violent reaction with acid, acid fumes, copper salts, strong oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, iodine, etc.), iron trichloride, tin dichloride, silver nitrate. Incompatible with oxidizers. hydrogen chloride, methanol, copper salt solutions, lead fluoride, magnesium, selenium, sodium peroxide, stannous chloride, sulfur.
ACETYL ETHER (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid. chromic trioxide, 1,3diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, tetrafluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines, 2-aminoethanol, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@,rubbers including natural, nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETYL ETHYLENE (78-94-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OoF/-7"C). Able to form unstable peroxides in storage; may polymerize on standing and/or with elevated temperatures, sunlight, and/or on contact with oxidizers, peroxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACETYL HEXANOLACTAM (1888-91-1) Combustible liquid (flash point >230"F/ 110°C). May form unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
ACETYL HYDROPEROXIDE (79-21-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point lOO"F/38"C; 1OS0F/41"C(40% solution in acetic acid)]. A powerful oxidizer and extremely shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Thermally unstable, it decomposes violently at 23O"F/11O0C.May explode if concentration exceeds 56% of carrier, caused by evaporation. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, strong oxidizers,
22
ACETYL MERCAPT'AN
combustible materials, strong bases, ether solvents. organic material, metal chloride solutions. transition metals, acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, oiefins, magnesium, metal oxides, heavy metals, nickel, phosphorus, sodium nitride, zinc. Corrosive to most metals, including aluminum.
ACETYL MERCAPTAN (507-09-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5 1" F i l l "C). Reaction with moisture in air may cause the formation of hydrogen sulfide. Reacts with water vapor, water, steam, or acids, forming acetic acid and evolving flammable hydrogen sulfide. A medium-strong acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, isocyanates, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETYL METHYL BROMIDE (598-31-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 113W4S"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 276"F/136"C, emitting highly toxic fumes of hydrogen bromide. ACETYL NITRATE (591-09-3) Self reactive; thermally unstable above 13 1-2 12"F/ 5S-10O0C, depending on solution strength. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, mercuric oxide. ACETYL OXIDE (108-24-7) Forins explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide. 1,3diphenyltrinzine, peroxyacetic acid. tetrafluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines. 2-aininoethanol, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid. chromic acid, chromic anhydride; ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide. nitric acid. nitrogen tetroxide. oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid. permanganates, sodium peroxide, id. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@',rubbers including natural, nitrile, and. to a lesser degree. neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metnls. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACETYL PEROXIDE (110-22-5) F l a n i w h l e liquid (flash point 1 l3"F/45"C oc). Thermally unstable and unpredictable explosive: heat-. friction-, and shock-sensitive. selfreactive. A powerful oxidizing agent. Reacts with water. Violent reaction with many substances. including reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, organic substances. finely divided metals, hydrazines. Usually stored as a solution of 25% with 7S% diinethyl phthalate at temperatures (optimurn) of 3 2 - 4 1 "F/Oo-5"C. Pure material must be stored at lower temperatures (230°F/1 10°C cc). The aqueous solution is a medium-strong acid. Reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Only aluminum or stainless steel with protective lining or coating may contact liquid or vapor.
ACIDO CLOROSULFONICO (Spanish) (7790-94-5) A strong oxidizer and strong mineral acid. Dangerously reactive; avoid contact with all other material. Reacts with moist air, forming corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with water, forming strong sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, and dense, corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with bases, reducing agents, combustible materials, acids (explosive reaction with sulfuric acid), acetic anhydride, alcohols, aldehydes, ally1 chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cumene, diisobutylene, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylene glycol, ethylenimine, glyoxal, organic materials, phosphorus, propylene oxide, pyridine, silver nitrate, sodium hydroxide, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, etc. Forms explosive material with cresols, ethyl alcohol. Attacks many metals (including storage containers), forming flammable hydrogen gas. ACIDO CROMICO (Spanish) (1333-82-0) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetone, alcohols, anthracene, ammonia, arsenic, chromous sulfide, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide. ethanol, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, methanol, naphthalene, camphor, ethers, glycerol, potassium ferricyanide, organic solvents, potassium, potassium ferricyanate, pyridine, selenium, sodium, sulfur, turpentine. Solid material is corrosive to many metals. Aqueous solution is strongly acidic; violent reaction with bases; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Elevated temperatures above 39OoF/198"C cause decomposition with release of oxygen and chromic oxide, with increased fire hazard. ACIDO CROTONICO (Spanish) (3724-65-0) Combustible solid (flash point 190"F/ 88°C). Moisture, strong sunlight, UV radiation may cause explosive polymerization. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong bases, pennanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide. May accumulate static electrical charges, and cause ignition of surrounding materials.
30
ACIDO DICLOROACETICO
ACIDO DICLOROACETICO (Spanish) A medium-strong acid; incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids. bases, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, aromatic amines, amides, glycols, isocyanates, ketones. Attacks metals, generating flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings.
ACID0(2,4-DICLORO-FENOSSI)-ACETICO (Italian) (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/180°C. forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis.
ACIDO 2,4-DICLOROFENOXIACETICO (Spanish) (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/l8O"C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. alkalis.
ACID0(3,6-DICLORO-2-METOSSI)-BENZOICO (1918-00-9)Incompatible with sulfuric acid. bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohyrlrin. At elevated temperatures above 392"F/2OO0C,this material is decarboxylated, forming 2,s-dichloroanisole.
ACIDO 2-ETILHEXANOICO (Spanish) (149-57-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 244"FlI 18°C). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks common metals in a moist environment. ACIDO FLUBORICO (Spanish) (16872-11-0) A strong inorganic acid; reacts violently with strong bases. Reacts slowly with water, forming hydroxyfuoborate ions. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, sulfuric acid, causticsl ammonia, aliphatic aniines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas.
ACIDO FORMIC0 (Italian, Spanish) (64-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air [(9O% solution) I22"F/SO0C]. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, furfury1 alcohol, hypochlorites, isocyanides, nitromethane, chromic acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentaoxide, strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanol-arnines. furfuryl alcohol. hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates. alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, palladium, thallium trinitrate trihydrate. Attacks aluminum, cast iron, and steel. some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Slowly decomposes in storage, forming carbon monoxide gas.
ACIDO FOSFORICO (Italian, Spanish) (7664-38-2) A medium-strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Violent reaction if water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts violently with solutions containing ammonia or bleach, azo compounds, epoxides, and other polymerizable compounds. Reacts, possibly violently. with amines, aldehydes, alkanolamines. alcohols. alkylene oxides, amides. ammonia. ammonium hydroxide, calcium oxide, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones. oleum. organic anhydrides, sodium tetrahydroborate, sulfides, sulfuric acid, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water. Forms explosive mixture with nitromethane. At elevated temperatures. attacks many metals, producing hydrogen gas. At room temperature. does not attack stainless steel, copper or its alloys. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ACIDO NITRICO
31
ACIDO FTALICO (Spanish) (88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point 334"F/168"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite. ACIDO FUMARICO (Spanish) (110-17-8) Combustible solid (flash point 446"F/23OoC). Dust or finely divided material forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines. isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACIDO GALICO (Spanish) (149-91-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with fluorine. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic and alkanol amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. ACIDO GLUTARICO (Spanish) (110-94-1) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution is a strong organic acid. Reacts with oxidizers and strong bases. Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics. ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACIDO n-HEPTANOICO (Spanish) (111-14-8) Combustible liquid (flash point >221"F/ > 10SOC). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACIDO HIDROXIACETICO (Spanish) (79-14-1) Combustible solid. Dust forms an explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution is a medium-strong organic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. ACIDO ISOBUTIRICO (Spanish) (79-31-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 132"F/S6"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks aluminum and othcr metals. ACIDO MALEICO (Spanish) (110-16-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; violent reaction with caustics, strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with alkali metals, alkyleue oxides, amines, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, reducing agents. sulfuric acid. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACIDO METACRILICO (Spanish) (79-41-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 152"FI 67°C oc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis. Unless inhibited (100 ppm of the monomethyl ether of hydroquinone is recommended), can polymerize violently. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures, peroxides, sunlight, or hydrochloric acid. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals, natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, and some plastics including PVC and polyvinyl alcohol. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACIDO NITRICO (Italian, Spanish) (7697-37-2) A strong acid and oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming toxic and corrosive nitrous fumes. Violent reaction when water is
32
ACID0 ORTOFOSPOROSO
added to concentrated acid. To dilute. always add acid to water: heat will be generated. Reacts violently with reducing agents. bases, combustible materials, finely dispersed or powdered metals and metal alloys, acetic anhydride, acetone, acetylene, acrolein, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aliphatic amines, ally1 chloride. ammonia. aniline. anion exchange resins. 1.4-benzoquinone diimine, 1.2-bis(trimethylsilyl)hydr~~zine. bromine pentafluoride, cadmium phosphidc. carbides, cesium acetylide, chlorine pentafluoride. cresol, crotonaldehyde, cumene, cyanides. diethyl ether. I .',-dimethyl-2-trimethylsilylhydrazine. diphenyltin, divinyl ether. N-ethylaniline, ethyl phosphine, 2-ethynylfuran. fluorine, halides of phosphorus or sulfur, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, germanium. hydrogen iodide, lithium triethylsilyl amide. metal acetylides. 2-methylrhiophene. pentanethiol, phosphorus and phosphorus vapors, polyurethane foam, potassium pcrmanganate. resorcinol. rubber (containing lead), sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, stibine, thiophene. triethylgallium, polydibromo-silane, vinyl ether, zinc ethoxide, zinc phosphide, organic solvents, and many other materials. Incompatible with many substances, including acrylates. aldehydes, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides. aromatic amines, amides, cresols, cyclic ketones, epichlorohydrin, glycols, hydrocarbons, isocyanates. ketones, oleum, organic anhydrides. paraldehyde, phenols, silanes, strong oxidizers. substituted allyls, sulfuric acid. terpenes, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride. Forms heat-, impact-, friction-. or shock-explosives with acetic acid, acetoxyethylene glycol, ammonium nitrate, anilinium nitrate, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, dichloromethane, diethylaniinoethanol, 3,6-dihydro- I.2,2H-oxazine. dimethyl ether, dinitrobenzenes, disodium phenyl orthophosphate, 2-hexenal, metal salicylates, 3-methylcyclohexanone, nitroaroniatics. nitrobenzenes, nitromethane, P-propyl acrolein, salicylic acid. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Heat causes decomposition, forming nitrogen oxides. Colorless 100%) acid cannot be stored in presence of light without formation of nitrogen dioxide, which also produces discoloration. Attacks most metals, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks most metals. In storage, separate from all other materials.
ACIDO ORTOFOSFOROSO (Spanish) (13598-36-2) Unless it is stored in airtight containers, it readily absorbs oxygen, forming phosphoric acid. Decomposes above 390"F/l 9 8 T , forming phosphine that may ignite spontaneously in air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid. caustics. ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates. vinyl acetate. alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some metals. ACIDO OSSALICO (Italian) (144-62-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, furfuryl alcohcl, hydrogen peroxide (90%). phosphorus trichloride. silver powders. sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Incompatible with caustics. mercury. silver, urea. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. ACIDO OXALICO (Spanish) (144-62-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine. furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide (90%),phosphorus trichloride, silver powders. sodium chlorite. sodium hypochlorite. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Incompatible with caustics. mercury, silver. urea. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. ACIDO PERACETICO (Spanish) (79-21-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point IOO"F/38"C; 10S0F/41"C(40% solution in acetic acid)]. A powerful oxidizer and extremely
ACID0 PROPIONICO
33
shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Thermally unstable, it decomposes violently at 230°F/1 10°C. May explode if concentration exceeds 56% of carrier, caused by evaporation. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible materials, strong bases, ether solvents, organic material, metal chloride solutions, transition metals. acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, olefins, magnesium, metal oxides. heavy metals, nickel, phosphorus, sodium nitride, i n c . Corrosive to most metals, including aluminum.
ACIDO PERCLORICO (Spanish) (7601-90-3) Anhydrous material decomposes explosively at atmospheric pressure. Solutions of 72% or more, or containing organic contaminants, are shock- and heat-sensitive explosives. Elevated temperatures above 1 6S0F/75"C may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, dehydrating agents, nitrogenous epoxides, metal powders, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, alcohols, azo pigments, ethers, glycols, glycol ethers, hypophosphites, iron(I1) sulfate, ketones, metal powders, strong acids, sulfoxides, sulfur trioxide, bis- 1,2-diaminopropane-cis-dichlorochromium(II1) perchlorate, 1,3-bis(di-n-cycIopentadienyl iron)-2propen- 1-one, carbon tetrachloride, dinitroaniline, dibutyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylbenzene, iron sulfate, iodides, ketones, 2-methyl cyclohexanone, nitrosophenol, o-periodic acid, oleic acid, organophosphorus compounds, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium phosphinate, sulfinyl chloride. sulfur trioxide, trichloroethylene, zinc phosphide. Incompatible with antimony compounds, bismuth, cellulose and derivatives, copper dichromium tetraoxide, phenyl acetylene, sodium phosphinate. Forms explosive products with fluorine, hydrogen halides, phosphine, pyridine, sulfoxides. ACIDO PICRICO (Italian, Spanish) (88-89-1) Flammable solid (flash point 302"F/ 150°C). Anhydrous material; highly unstable and heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive (explodes at about 572"F/30O0C).The presence of trace metals increases its sensitivity to explosion. Reaction with nitric acid, alkalis, heavy metals, copper, lead, zinc, transition metals, and other metals or their salts can produce other salts, known as picrates, that are initiators which are much more highly sensitive to heat, impact, or shock than this material. Mixtures with perchlorates form extremely powerful. high-velocity explosives. Shocksensitive salts include ammonium salts and calcium salts; the calcium salt may be produced when picric acid comes into contact with plaster and concrete. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonia. Dry material may accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong oxidizer and strong acid; reacts violently with alkalis, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and other easily oxidized materials, aluminum powders, and other metal powders. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, PVC. ACIDO PIVALICO (Spanish) (75-98-9) Combustible solid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. ACIDO PROPIONICO (Spanish) (79-09-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F152"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustic substances. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkalis, alkanolamines, ammonia, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, sulfuric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas.
ACIDO SALICILICO (Spanish) (69-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 1SoF/1S7"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture in air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, ethyl nitrite, iodine, iron salts, lead diacetate. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACIDO SUCCINICO (Spanish) (110-15-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 45S°F/235"C, forming succinic anhydride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. ACIDO SULFAMICO (Spanish) (5329-14-6) Violent reaction with chlorine, nitric acid. Violent reaction with strong bases, chlorine. fuming nitric acid. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; in elevated temperatures, it hydrolyzes to ammonium bisulfate. lncompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, metal nitrateslnitrites, oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water. ACIDO SULFURIC0 (Spanish) (7664-93-9) A strong oxidizer and strong acid. Reacts with water or steam. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, alkalis, ammonium tetraperoxo chromate, aniline. I ,2ethanediamine, ethanolamine, isoprene, mesityl oxide, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, perchlorates, sodium carbonate. zinc chlorate. Reacts, possibly causing ignition or explosion, with many substances, including nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids, bases, reducing agents, acetic anhydride, acetone cyanhydrin, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylates, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides. ally1 alcohol. ally1 chloride, substituted allyls, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, bromine pentafluoride, n-butyraldehyde, caprolactum solution. carbides, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorates, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, cuprous nitride, diisobutylene, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, ethyleneimine, fulminates. glycols, hydrochloric acid, iodine heptafluoride, iron, isocyanates. ketones, lithium silicide, mercuric nitride, 2-methyllactonitrile, powdered metals, nitric acid, y-nitrotoluene, pentasilver trihydroxydiamino phosphate, perchloric acid, phenols, phosphorus. picrates, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate, P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, rubidium acetylene, silver permanganate, sodium, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide. styrene monomer, zinc phosphide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole, 2-aminothiazole, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metals; may produce flammable hydrogen gas. When diluting, do not add water to acid. With proper precautions, slowly add acid to water. ACIDO p-TOLUENSULFONICO (Spanish) (104-15-4) Combustible solid (flash point 3S6"F/18OoC).Solution is a strong acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture, forming flammable hydrogen gas. ACIDO TRICLOROACETICO (Italian) (76-03-9) The aqueous solution is a strong acid. Generally stable if moisture is not present. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia.
ACINETTEN
35
amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Corrosive to metals, including iron, zinc, and aluminum.
ACIDO(2,4,5-TRICLORO-FENOSSI)-ACETICO (Italian) (93-76-5)Sealed metal con-
tainers may burst in heat above 316"F/15S0C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
ACID0 TRIFLUACETICO (Spanish) (76-05-1)A strong acid. Reacts violently with
strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric or other strong acids (cause decomposition), ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate. Incompatible with dimethyl sulfoxide. Attacks metals.
ACID PHOSPHORIQUE (French) (7664-38-2)A medium-strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Violent reaction if water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute. always add acid to water: heat will be generated. Reacts violently with solutions containing ammonia or bleach, azo compounds, epoxides, and other polymerizable compounds. Reacts, possibly violently, with amines, aldehydes, alkanolamines, alcohols, alkylene oxides, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium oxide, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, oleum, organic anhydrides, sodium tetrahydroborate, sulfides, sulfuric acid, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water. Forms explosive mixture with nitromethane. At elevated temperatures, attacks many metals, producing hydrogen gas. At room temperature, does not attack stainless steel, copper, or its alloys. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ACIDUM ACETYLSALICYLICUM (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACIFLOCTIN (124-04-9) Dust may form explosive mixture with air (flash point
38S0F/196"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACILETTEN (77-92-9)Aqueous solution is a moderately strong organic acid.
Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizers. Organic acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with metal nitrates may be explosive. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, when wet. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol.
ACIMETTER (50-78-2)Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ACINETTEN (124-04-9)Dust may form explosive mixture with air (flash point 385"F/ 196°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides,
36
ACINTENEA
epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ACINTENE A (80-56-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9loF/33"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates (e.g., nitrosyl perchlorate, etc.), pexhromates (pyridine perchromate), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid, and other oxidizing acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACINTENE DP (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACINTENE DP DIPENTENE (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I09"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACQUINITE (76-06-2) Can bc self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline. alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. ACREHYDE (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage. over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadiniuni and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces. or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRILAMIDA (Spanish) (79-06-1) Combustible solid. Fine particles form an explosive mixture with air. Thermally unstable. Unless inhibited, UV light, oxidizers. peroxides, vinyl polymerization initiators, or elevated temperatures (above melting point of 184"F/85"C) can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with reducing agents, mineral acids. strong acids, o h m , ammonia. isocyanates. ACRILATO de n-BUTILO (Spanish) (141-32-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I 03"F/3Y°C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Unless inhibited, peroxides, oxidizers, heat, sparks, reducing agents, or sunlight may cause explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, amines, halogens, hydrogen-containing materials. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
ACROLEIN
37
ACRILATO de 2-ETILHEXILO (Spanish) (103-1 1-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C oc). Unless inhibited, contact with, heat, sunlight, contaminants, or peroxides may cause hazardous polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, nitrates. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACRILATO de ETILO (Spanish) (140-88-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/9"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Unless inhibited, oxidizers, elevated temperatures, sunlight, UV light, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Incompatible with strong acids, amines. ACRILATO de METILO (Spanish) (96-33-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2 7 T - 3 " C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Heat above 7OoF/21"C, light, and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration can cause explosive polymerization. Elevated temperatures may cause storage containers to explode. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Usually stored in ambient air below 50"F/10°C. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACRILONITRILO (Spanish) (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/O0C oc). May polymerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with inethylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers. amines, 2-aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, copper alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACROLEIC ACID (79-10-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/51°C). Light, heat, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers, toluenediamine, pyridine, methyl pyridine, rz-methyl pyrrolidone, 2-methyl-6-ethyl aniline, aniline, ethylene diaminc, ethyleneimine, 2-aminoethanol. Severely corrodes carbon steel and iron; attacks other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACROLEIN (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15T-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymeri-re explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts,
38
rrwwACROLEIN
sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
trans-ACROLEIN (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/ -26°C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shocksensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially i n elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethano1, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides. metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. -
ACROLEINA (Spanish, Italian) (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1S0F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethano1, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACROLEINE (French) (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1S°F/--26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explo-sively, especially in elevated temperatures. on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines. Zaminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts. sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces. or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRYLALDEHYDE (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively. especially in elevated temperatures, o n contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides. metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
ACRYLIC ACID
39
ACRYLAMIDE or ACRYLAMIDE MONOMER (79-06-1) Combustible solid. Fine particles form an explosive mixture with air. Thermally unstable. Unless inhibited, UV light, oxidizers, peroxides, vinyl polymerization initiators, or elevated temperatures (above melting point of 184"F/85"C) can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with reducing agents, mineral acids, strong acids, oleum, ammonia, isocyanates. ACRYLATE d'ETHi'LE (French) (140-88-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/9"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Unless inhibited, oxidizers, elevated temperatures, sunlight, UV light, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Incompatible with strong acids, amines. ACRYLATE de METHYLE (French) (96-33-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 27"F/-3"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Heat above 70°F/21 "C, light, and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration can cause explosive polymerization. Elevated temperatures may cause storage containers to explode. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids. alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Usually stored in ambient air below 5O"F/1O0C.The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACRYLEHYD (German) (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resiv tance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRYLEHYDE (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/ -26°C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shocksensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially i n elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRYLIC ACID (79-10-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/5loC). Light, heat, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers, toluenediamine, pyridine. methyl pyridine, n-methyl pyrrolidone, 2-methyl-6-ethyl aniline, aniline, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, 2-aminoethanol. Severely corrodes carbon steel and iron: attacks other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to
40
ACRYLIC ACID AMIDE
low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces. or flame arresters of storage tanka.
ACRYLIC ACID AMIDE (SO%, 79-06-1) Combustible solid. Fine particles forin an explosive mixture with air. Thermally unstable. Unless inhibited, UV light, oxidizers, peroxides, vinyl polymerization initiators, or elevated temperatures (above melting point of 184"F/X5"C) can cause explosive polymerization. Incoinpatible with reducing agents, tnineral acids. strong acids, oleum, ammonia, isocyanates. ACRYLIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER or ACRYLIC ACID, n-BUTYL ESTER (141-32-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 103"F/39"C).Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Unless inhibited, peroxides. oxidizers, heat, sparks, reducing agents. or sunlight may cause explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. strong acids. amines, halogens, hydrogen-containing materials. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRYLIC ACID, DECYL ESTER or ACRYLIC ACID, 12-DECYLESTER (2156-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 44I0F/227"C oc). Able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Will polymerize unless inhibited. Polyinerization can be caused by heat, strong oxidizers, if cooled so that the inhibitor crystallizes, if stored in an oxygen-free atmosphere, or if stored in contact with copper and copper alloys. zinc and zinc alloys with more than 10% zinc, and galvanized steel. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. strong oxidizers, polymerization initiators. Swells some rubbers, and softens some paints and coatings. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow. ACRYLIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (140-88-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/9"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. chlorosulfonic acid. Unless inhibited. oxidizers, elevated temperatures, sunlight, UV light, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. The vapors are uninhibited and may forin polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Incompatible with strong acids, amines. ACRYLIC ACID, 2-ETHYLHEXYLESTER (103-11-7) Combustible liquid (flash point I XO0F/82"C oc). Unless inhibited, contact with, heat, sunlight, contaminants, or peroxides may cause hazardous polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire and explosions. Incoinpatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, nitrates. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACRYLIC ACID, GLACIAL or ACRYLIC ACID (79-10-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/S I "C). Light, heat, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis. ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. toluenediamine. pyridine, methyl pyridine, /?-methyl pyrrolidone, 2-methyl-ðyl aniline, aniline, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, 2-aininoethanol. Severely corrodes carbon steel and iron; attacks other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
ACRYLIC AMIDE
41
ACRYLJC ACID, 2-HYDROXYETHYL ESTER (818-61-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 214"F/10IoC). Unless inhibited (p-methoxyphenol is recommended), polymerization can occur, especially when heated. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with permanganates, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Attacks mild steel and tin plate. Swells rubber; removes paint. ACRYLIC ACID, 2-HYDROXYPROPYL ESTER (999-61-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 207"F/97"C cc). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts violently with sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Unless inhibited (200 ppm hydroquinone recommended), polymerization may occur; avoid exposure to high temperatures, UV light, free-radical initiators. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. ACRYLIC ACID, isoBUTYL ESTER (106-63-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94OF134"C). Will polymeriLe in elevated temperatures (recommended inhibitor: 5 ppm hydroquinone or 10-60 ppmp-methoxyphenol). Uncontrolled bulk polymerization can be explosive. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ACRYLIC ACID, isoDECYL ESTER (1330-61-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 240°F/1 16°C oc). In the absence of inhibitor (25 ppm monomethyl ether of hydroquinone is recommended), polymerization (to a gummy solid) will occur, especially when heated. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, oxidizers. Will swell and soften certain rubbers, remove certain paints. ACRYLIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (96-33-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 27"F/-3"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Heat above 70"F12l0C, light, and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration can cause explosive polymerization. Elevated temperatures may cause storage containers to explode. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Usually stored in ambient air below 50°F/10"C. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and contined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ACRYLIC ALDEHYDE (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (tlash point - 15"F/k26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (~isuallyby hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts. sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, contined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRYLlC AMIDE (79-06-1) Combustible solid. Fine particles form an explosive mixture with air. Thermally unstable. Unless inhibited, UV light, oxidizers, peroxides, vinyl polymerization initiators, or elevated temperatures (above melting point of 184"F/85"C) can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with reducing agents, mineral acids, strong acids, oleum, ammonia, isocyanates.
42
ACRYLIC EHYDE
ACRYLIC EHYDE (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/ -26°C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shocksensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts. sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ~
ACRYLNITRIL (German) (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/O"C oc). May polymerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis. silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g.. dibenzoyl peroxide, di-terf-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts. possibly violently, with strong acids, o h m , strong oxidizers, amines, 2-aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, copper alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRYLON (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/0°C oc). May polymerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g.. dibenzoyl peroxide, di-rPrf-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers. amines, 2-aminoethanol. azoisobutyronitrile, bromine. caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, copper alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, contined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. ACRYLONITRILE or ACRYLONITRILE MONOMER (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/0°C oc). May polymerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-rerr-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently. with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidimrs, amines, Zaminoethanol. a7.oisobutyronitriIc. bromine, caustics. chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper. copper alloys, ammonia. amines. forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are Uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces. or flame arresters of storage tanks.
ADDITIN30
43
ACRYLSAEUREAETHYLESTER (German) (140-88-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/9"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Unless inhibited, oxidizers, elevated temperatures, sunlight, UV light, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Incompatible with strong acids, amines.
ACRYLSAEUREMETHYLESTER (German) (96-33-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 27"F/-3"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Heat above 70°F/21"C, light, and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration can cause explosive polymerization. Elevated temperatures may cause storage containers to explode. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acidi, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Usually ytored in ambient air below 5O0F/10"C.The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
ACTIVATED CARBON or ACTIVATED CHARCOAL (64365-11-3) Dust or powder reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, ammonium perchlorate, bromates, bromine trifluoride, chlorates, cobalt nitrate, iodates, strong acids, halogens, lead chlorite, nitrates, nitric acid, oxides, perchlorates, peroxides, peroxyformic acid, sulfates, sodium sulfite, unsaturated oils. Forms heat- and impact-sensitive materials with ammonium perchlorate. Incompatible with many compounds, including triethylenediamine, palladium, potassium dioxide, potassium peroxide, silver nitrate, sodium chlorite.
ACTIVE ACETYL ACETATE (141-97-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (Rash point 135"F/57"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
ACTYLBARYTE (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium. zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus.
ACTYLENOGEN, CALCIUM ACETYLIDE (75-20-7) Contact with water, moist air, steam, alcohols forms explosive acetylene gas, corrosive calcium hydroxide, and heat. Violent reaction with acid, acid fumes, copper salts, strong oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, iodine, etc.), iron trichloride, tin dichloride, silver nitrate. Incompatible with oxidizers, hydrogen chloride, methanol, copper salt solutions, lead fluoride, magnesium, selenium, sodium peroxide, stannous chloride, sulfur.
ACYLPRIN (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
ACYTOL (97-64-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 15"F/46"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause tire and explosions. Incompatible with nitrates.
ADDITIN 30 (90-30-2) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompetible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
44
ADILAC-TETTEN
ADILAC-TETTEN (124-04-9) Dust may form explosive mixture with air (flash point 38S°F/1Y6"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ADIPIC ACID (124-04-9) Dust may form explosive mixture with air (flash point 3XS0F/196"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ADIPIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER (627-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 225"F/ 107°C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. ADIPIC ACID DINITRILE (111-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 20OoF/93"C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases. and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid. ADIPIC ACID NITRILE (111-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 20OoF/93"C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid. ADIPINIC ACID (124-04-9) Dust may form explosive mixture with air (flash point 385"F/196"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics. ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ADIPODINITRILE (111-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 200°F/93"C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids. strong bases, and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid. ADIPONITRILE (11 1-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 200°F/93"C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid. ADIPONITRILO (Spanish) (111-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 200"F/O3"C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid.
AEROTHENE~
45
ADOL or ADOL 34 or ADOL 80 or ADOL 85 or ADOL 90 or ADOL 320 or ADOL 330 or ADOL 340 or ATALCO 0 (143-28-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 33X0F/170"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers.
4-ADP (92-67-1) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown; autoignition temperature 842"F/450°C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel.
ADRONAL (108-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 154"F/68"C). Contact with oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with chromium trioxide, nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, o r coatings.
AERO-CYANAMID@ (156-62-7) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with water, steam causes decomposition, forming acetylene gas. ammonia, and calcium hydrogen cyanamide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, fluorine, strong acids. Incompatible with barium peroxide, boric acid, dry hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide. Contact with all solvents tested also causes decomposition.
AERO LIQUID HCN (74-90-8) Can be self-reactive, forming an explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- 18°C). Unless inhibited, material stored more than 90 days may be hazardous. Heat above 356"F/1XO0Cor contact with alkalis or amines can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde. Solutions containing more than 2-5% water are less stable than dry material. Acid solutions react with ammonia, ferric oxide, halogens, ozone. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Water solutions attack carbon steels at room temperatures and stainless steels (especially if stabilized with sulfuric acid) above 176"F/XO"C.
AEROL@1 PESTICIDE (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel.
AEROSOL@ GPG (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101 "C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. AEROTEX@GLYOXAL 40 (107-22-2) Flammable solid, but normally sold as an inhibited 40% solution. A highly reactive reducing agent. Violent reaction with water; causes polymerization. Temperatures above boiling point of L22"F/5ODCcan cause polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, amides, aldehydes, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene amine, hydroxyl-containing materials. Corrosive to metals: aluminum, copper, tin, steel, zinc.
AEROTHENE@ (71-55-6) Combustible at higher temperatures above 995"F/535"C. Forms explosive mixture with air (range 7.5- 12.5% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong caustics, strong oxidizers, acetone, sodium, amides, chemically active metals, metal powders of aluminum, bronze, copper, magnesium,
46
AEROTHENE~MM
manganese, sodium, zinc, and their alloys, liquid and gaseous oxygen, aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, trimethyl aluminum. Mixtures with potassium or its alloys are shock-sensitive. Mixtures with nitrogen tetroxide are explosive. Contact with hot metal or exposure to UV radiation will cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and dichloroacetylene gases. Reacts slowly with water, releasing corrosive hydrochloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. The uninhibited grade is corrosive to aluminum. Attacks aluminum and its alloys. other metals, especially in the presence of moisture.
AEROTHENEO MM (75-09-2) Combustible under certain circumstances: there is no measurable flash point; it is difficult to ignite. However, it is flammable in ambient air in the range of 12-2396: increased oxygen content can greatly enhance fire and explosion potential. Contact with hot surfaces and elevated temperatures can form fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Violent reaction with active metals, aluminum, lithium, methyl alcohol, peroxydisulfuryl difluoride, potassium, potassium-rerr-butoxide, sodium. Forms explosive mixtures with nitric acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong caustics, alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AEROTHENEO TT (71-55-6) Combustible at higher temperatures, above 99S°F/535"C. Forms explosive mixture with air (range 7.5- 12.5'3% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium. zinc, and their alloys. Reacts. possibly violently. with strong caustics, strong oxidizers, acetone, sodium, amides. chemically active metals, metal powders of aluminum, bronze, copper, magnesium, manganese. sodium, zinc, and their alloys, liquid and gaseous oxygen, aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, trimethyl aluminum. Mixtures with potassium or its alloys are shock-sensitive. Mixtures with nitrogen tetroxide are explosive. Contact with hot metal or exposure to UV radiation will cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride. phosgene, and dichloroacetylene gases. Reacts slowly with water. releasing corrosive hydrochloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. The uninhibited grade is corrosive to aluminum, Attacks aluminum and its alloys, other metals, especially in the presence of moisture. AETHALDIAMIN (German) (107-15-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 OI"F/4OoC). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorinated organic compounds, acetic anhydride. acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, carbon disultide, cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, epichlorohydrin, ethylene chlorohydrin, oleum, methyl oxide, nitromethane, silver perchlorate, vinyl acetate. Also incompatible with 3-propiolactone, mesityl oxide. ethylene dichloride, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, ketones. aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolacttim solution. Causes spontaneous decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds; isolate from explosives: ammonium nitrate. ammonium sulfate, picric acid, nitrobenLene. etc. Attacks aluminum. copper, lead, tin. Linc, and their alloys. some plastics, rubber, and coatings. AETHANOL (German) (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point S.j0F/1 3°C: 6XoF/20"C(80%);72"F/22"C (60%):79"F/26"C (407o"o).Reacts, possibly violently. with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate,
AETHYLAMINE
47
disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-rerr-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride. xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
AETHER (German) (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49T-45"C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%),silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
AETHYLACETAT (German) (141-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, oleum. Will hydrolyze on standing, forming acetic acid and ethyl alcohol; this reaction is greatly accelerated by strong bases.
AETHYLACRYLAT (German) (140-88-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/9"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Unless inhibited, oxidizers, elevated temperatures, sunlight, UV light, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Incompatible with strong acids, amines.
AETHYLALKOHOL (German) (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 55"F/13"C; 6XoF/20"C (80%); 72OF122"C (60%); 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate. disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate. perchlorates, platinum, potassium-te/-r-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(lI1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydraside, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
AETHYLAMINE (German) (75-04-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 3"F/- 16°C). The aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts violently with strong acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, organic
48
AETHYLANILIN
compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls. alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols. cresols, caprolactam solution, perchlorates. Attacks nonferrous metals: aluminurn, copper. lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
AETHYLANILIN (German) (103-69-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Decomposes on contact with sunlight or air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, acid fumes, nitric acid, with risk of fire, explosion, and possible formation of toxic vapors of aniline and oxides of nitrogen. AETHYLBENZOL (German) (100-41-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/1 5°C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AETHYLCARBAMAT (German) (51-79-6) Incompatible with 2-naphthol, gallium, perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride, strong oxidizers. AETHYLCHLORID (German) (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -S8"F/-SO0C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces. producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AETHYLENBROMID (German) (106-93-4) Slowly decomposes in heat, sunlight, or on contact with hot surfaces, producing hydrogen bromide. Reacts with strong bases, chemically active metals, liquid ammonia, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with azides, beryllium, fluorine, halogenated solvents, liquid oxygen, lithium. magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1 ,?-dioxide, potassium sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride. zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics and coatings. AETHYLENCHLORID (German) (107-06-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5S"F/I 3°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia, dimethylaminopropylamine. dinitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen peroxide, metal powders, aluminum, nitric acid, amides of lithium, potassium, or sodium. Contact with steam, or very hot surfaces produces hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Incompatible with alkalis. Corrosive to iron and other metals. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AETHYLENEDIAMIN (German) (107-15-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I O4"F/4OoC). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorinated organic compounds, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, carbon disulfide. cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, epichlorohydrin, ethylene chlorohydrin. oleum, methyl oxide, nitromethane, silver pcrchlorate, vinyl acetate. Also incompatible with 3-propiolactone, mesityl oxide, ethylene dichloride, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols. caprolactum solution. Causes spontaneous decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds: isolate from explosives: ammonium
AETHYLIS CHLORIDUM
49
nitrate, ammonium sulfate, picric acid, nitrobenzene, etc. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, some plastics. rubber, and coatings.
AETHYLENGLYKOLMETHYLAETHERACETAT (German) (1 10-49-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/S2"C).Able to form unstable peroxide in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, perinanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate. bromine dioxide, nitrates, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. AETHYLENGYKOL-MONOMETHYLAETHER (German) (109-86-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/39"C).May form unstable peroxides in storage, with heat, or on contact with oxidizers. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Strong bases cause decomposition. Attacks many metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
AETHYLENOXID (German) (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium. covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide. mnitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/10O0C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
AETHYLIDENCHLORID (German) (75-34-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10"F/- 12°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium. Incompatible with strong caustics, alkaline earth (barium, calcium, strontium; sometime magnesium is included) and alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium). Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. AETHYLIS (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -S8"F/-5O0C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium. sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AETHYLIS CHLORIDUM (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58"F/-50°C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium. magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
50
AETHYLMETHYLKETON
AETHYLMETHYLKETON (German) (78-93-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 3 0 T - 1°C; also reported at 16"F/-9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium rert-butoxide, oleum. Incompatible with inorganic acids, aliphatic amines, ammonia, caustics, isocyanates, pyridines, chlorosulfonic acid. Able to form unstable peroxides in storage. or on contact with 2-propanol or hydrogen peroxide. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics. AETHYLURETHAN (German) (51-79-6) Incompatible with 2-naphthol, gallium. perchloratc. phosphorus pentachloride, strong oxidizers. AF 72 or AF 75 (9016-00-6) Reacts in elevated temperatures and with sulfuric and other strong acids. forming a coagulated, gummy. tlammable material. Incompatible with isocyanates. AFlCIDEO (58-89-9) This chemical may burn but does not easily ignite;, however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this inaterial comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. A-FIL CREAM@(13463-67-7) Powders or dust react with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with aluminum, calcium, hydrazine, lithium, magnesium. potassium, sodium. zinc. especially at elevated temperatures. Dust or powder can ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. AFI-TIAZIN (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulf~irdioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes. cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. AGE (106-92-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C). Explosive peroxides may be forined in light or air. Unless inhibited, niay polymerize on contact with acids or bases. Strong acids. amines, oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some forms of plastics. coatings, and rubber. AGENAP (1338-24-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 30OoF/I49"Coc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid. caustics. aminonia. aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. isocyanates. alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin. strong oxidizers. Generally corrosive to metals. AGENT 504 (112-30-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 180"F/82"C oc). Reacts, possibly violently. with oxidizers, acetaldehyde. alkalineearth. alkali metals, strong acids. ainmonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines. benzoyl peroxide. boranes, bromine dioxide. chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs. dichlorine oxide. ethylene oxide. hypochlorous acid, isocyanates. isopropyl chlorocarbonate. lithium tetrahydroaluininate. nitric acid. nitrogen dioxide. pentafluoroguaiiidine, perchlorates. peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasullide, suI furic acid, tangerine oil. trietliylaluniinuin. triisobutylaluminum.
AGKAZINE (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and f'ormation o f sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydea. cellulose nitrate (of high surfacc area). organic anhydrides. isocyanates, nitrates.
AGRONEXIT@
51
AGREFLANO (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point > 185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
AGRICIDEO MAGGOT KILLER (F) (8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"Ccc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 I"F/lSS"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
AGRIFLANO 24 (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point >18SoF/>8S"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40eF/4.4"C.
AGRISOLO G-20 (58-89-9) This chemical may bum but does not easily ignite; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. AGRITANO (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers.
A GROO (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1S0F/46"Coc).
Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium. endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/SO0C.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics.
AGROCIDEO or AGROCIDE@2 or AGROCIDEO 6G or AGROCIDEO 7 or AGROCIDEO I11 or AGROCIDE@WP (ICI Chemicals) (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however. the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum. potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
AGROCITO (17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic gas (oxides of nitrogen).
AGRONEXITO (58-89-9) Noncombustible: however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
52
AGROSOL~S
AGROSOLO S (133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate. parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime), as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. AGROTECTO (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/l8O0C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis.
AGROXO 2-WAY or AGROXO 3-WAY (133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate. parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime), as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. A13-00808 (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 1 I "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides. many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AI3-01202 (57-13-6) Heat or contact with hot surfaces forms anhydrous ammonia and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, inorganic chlorides, chlorites, chromyl chloride, dichromates, dicyanofurazan, fluorine. hydrogen peroxide, lead dioxide, nitrates. nitrites, permanganates, perchlorates, triethylenetetramine. Ignition or explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate, chromyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride. Contact with hexanitroethane. perchloryl fluoride, sodium perchlorate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, hypochlorites. and other chlorinating agents can form the highly explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with oxalic acid, phosphorus pentachloride, sodium dichlorocyanurate. A13-02209-x (1330-20-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point approximately 84"F/29"C). Contact with strong oxidizers. strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Attacks inany plastics. rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A13-02583 (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 260"F1127"C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with aniines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. A1348524 (576-26-1) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. A weak organic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. A13-15516 (120-82-1) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 221 "FA OSOC). Forms explosive mixture with air (range 2 - 6 . 6 9 6 by volume in air at 302"F/150"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. acids, acid fumes, steam. Attacks most rubbers.
ALBONE@
53
AI3-15639 (75-50-3) Extremely flammable liquefied gas [flash point 2OoF/-6"C; (25% solution in H,O) 41"F/S0C]. A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, strong acids, ethylene oxide. halogenated compounds, nitrosating compounds, triethynylaluminum. Incompatible with methyl trichloroacetate. Reacts with mercury, forming shock-sensitive explosive material. Attacks chemically active metals: aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
AIP (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate.
AIR, LIQUID or AIR, REFRIGERATED LIQUID (80% nitrogen/20% oxygen) Elevated temperatures or extreme shock may cause containers to explode. Reacts, possibly violently, with flammable materials. Storage over long periods may cause evaporation of nitrogen, leaving a higher percentage of oxygen. Oxygen, a strong oxidizer, can react violently with combustible materials, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, etc.
AKRO-ZINC BAR 85 (1314-13-2) Incompatible with linseed oil, magnesium, chlorinated rubber (at 419"F/215"C). Slowly decomposed by water.
AKULON@(105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 230"Fll 10°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
ALANINOL (78-91-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 14S0F/63"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel.
0-ALANINOL (156-87-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel. ALATEX (75-99-0) Corrosive to iron, aluminum, and copper. ALBOLINE (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 38OoF/193"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause tire and explosions.
ALBONE@ (7722-84-1) A powerful oxidizer. The concentrated or pure material can generate heat and decompose spontaneously; can ignite or explode when heated, shocked, contaminated; or, if placed in a basic (pH27) environment, especially in the presence of metal ions. Mixtures with combustible materials may result in spontaneous combustion, or may be impact- or heat-sensitive. Reacts (violence increases with concentration) with reducing agents, alcohols, alkalis, ammonia, carboxylic acids, acetic acid, cobalt oxides, copper(I1) chloride, ethers, metal powders, permanganates, acetone, benzenesulfonic anhydride, 1,I -dimethylhydrazine, dimethylphenylphosphine, gadolinium hydroxide, hydrogen selenide, iron oxides,
54
ALBUS
lithium tetrahydroaluminate, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, manganese(I1) oxide, mercury oxide, methyl hydrazine, nickel monoxide, nitrogenous bases, osmium tetroxide, a-phenylselenoketones, phosphorus; phosphorus(V) oxide, quinoline. tetrahydrothiophene, tin(I1) chloride, thiodiglycol, thiophane. tin(I1) chloride, unsaturated organic compounds, readilyoxidizable and combustible materials. Reacts with cobalt, copper and its alloys, chromium. iridium, iron, lead, manganese, Monel@, osmium, palladium, platinum, gold, silver, zinc, and other catalytic metals. metal oxides, and salts. Forms unstable and possibly explosive inaterials with acetic anhydride. aconitic acid, aniline, carboxylic acids, 1,4-diazabicyclo(2,2.2)octane, diphenyl diselenide, ethyl acetate, glycols, ketene, ketones, triethyltin hydroperoxide, 1,3,5-trioxane. vinyl acetate. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. Decomposes slowly at ordinary temperatures and builds up pressure in a closed container: the rate of decomposition doubles for each SO"F/lO"C rise (1.5 times 50"F/10°C rise) in temperature, and decomposition becomes self-sustaining at 28S°F/141 "C. Contact with rough surfaces can cause decomposition. Attacks, and may ignite. some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ALBUS (10124-48-8) Reacts violently with halogens: barium, chlorine, fluorine, and metal salts of aniines. Contact with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition. producing hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides. substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride. glycols, isocyanates, ketones. nialeic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. May corrode aluminum, copper, zinc, and some stainless steel in the presence of moisture.
AIXIDE (10049-04-4)
Highly reactive. A powerful oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents. combustible materials, organic substances, dust. Reacts with water or steam, forming perchloric acid and hydrogen chloride. Chlorine dioxide gas is explosive at concentrations over 10% and can be ignited by almost any form of energy, including sunlight. heat sparks, shock. friction, or (explosions can occur in air in temperatures above 266"F/130GC), concussion. Explosive reaction with carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, mercury, phosphorus, sugar, sulfur. catalysts, and many other materials. The gas may explode on contact with fluorine. fliioramines. The liquid explodes on contact with caustics. mercury, metal hydrides. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
ALCOHI1,O de ALUMINIO (Spanish) (CAS registry number varies) Flash point and other properties may vary because these chemicals are generally supplied as a solution in a hydrocarbon solvent. They react with many materials, including air, water, alcohols, halocarh o w . titanocene dichloride (polymerization catalyst), arachidyl alcohol. triethyl borane. Pyrophoric: may ignite spontaneously in air. Water-reactive. Decomposes in heat at about 350"F/I 77°C. See also Trietilaluminio.
ALCOHOL (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point SS°F/13"C; 68"F/20°C (80%):7?"F/22"C (60%);79"F/26"C (40%)].Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, b''ises, , . acetic anhydride. acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride. aliphatic amines, bromine pentaRuoride. calciuni oxide. cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate. disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol inethyl ether. iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassiurn-tprr-butoxide. potassium. potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(lI1) oxide. silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid. oleum. sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide. sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, .r-triazine-2,4,6-tnol,triethoxydialuminum tribromide. triethylaluniinum, uranium fluoride. xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury
ALCOHOL BENCILICO
55
nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates. magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ALCOHOL n-AMILICO (Spanish) (71-41-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals. forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines. isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. ALCOHOL n-AMILICO SECUNDARIO (Spanish) (6032-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminurn, triisobutylaluminum. ALCOHOL AMILICO TERCIARIO (Spanish) (75-85-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10S0F/41"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers or hydrogen trisulfide may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with alkaline earth metals, forming Haminable hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs. dichlorine oxide. ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOHOL, ANHYDROUS (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point SS0F/l3"C; 6S0F/20"C (80%): 72"F/22"C (60%); 7Y0F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride. aliphatic amines, bromine penlafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum. potassium-tPrt-butoxide. potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus( 111) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodiuin hydrazide, sodium peroxide. sulfinyl cyanamide. tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOHOL BENCILICO (Spanish) (100-51-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 213"F/101"C). Contact with water inay cause frothing. Slowly oxidizes in air and
56
ALCOHOI. n-RUTILICO
oxygen. forming benzaldehyde. Incompatible with mineral acids, caustics, aliphatic ainines. isocyanates. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, and explosive with sulfuric acid at elcvated temperature. Corrodes aluminum at high temperatures. Attacks some nonfluorinated plastics: inay not attack polypropylene.
ALCOHOL n-BUTILICO (Spanish) (71-36-3) Fornis explosive mixture with air (flash Reacts, possibly violently, point 98"F/37"C). May react with aluminum above 120°F/49"C.
with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids. strong caustics. aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pent3tluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentnsulfide. tangerine oil, triethylaluminum. triisobutylalumiiiuin. Attacks many plastics and some coatings.
ALCOHOL sec-BUTILICO (Spanish) (78-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7S"F/4"C). Forms an unstable peroxide product in air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium trioxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines. isocyanates. acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlonne oxide. ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate. nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylalurninurn. Attacks many plastics and some coatings.
ALCOHOL terc-BUTILICO (Spanish) (75-65-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 52"F/I 1 "C). Violent reaction with oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchloric acid, etc.). Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dial kylzincs. dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid. isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide. tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminuni. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. Flow o r agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOHOL, DEHYDRATED (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [tlash point SS0F/13"C: 6SoF/20"C (80%);72"F/22"C (60%); 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic arnines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide. chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether. iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates. nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum. potassium-ler.r-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide. sodium peroxide. sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-tria7ine-2.4.S-triol, triethoxydialuininum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetralluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forins explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates. magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic chargcs due to low conductivity.
ALCOHOL n-NONILICO
57
ALCOHOL ETILICO (Spanish) (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point SS0F/13"C; 68"F/2OoC (80%); 72"F/22"C (60%); 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride. acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-terf-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide. potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum. sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOHOL ISOAMILICO PRIMARIO (Spanish) (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/43"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ALCOHOL ISOPROPILICO (Spanish) (67-63-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S3"F/12"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, powdered aluminum, crotonaldehyde, phosgene. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkyl-zincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOHOL FURFURILICO (Spanish) (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F/75"C). Strong acids or acid catalysts may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde. benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine. phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. ALCOHOL METALILICO (Spanish) (513-42-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide. chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkykincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, peutafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, perchloric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. ALCOHOL it-NONILICO (Spanish) (143-08-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and
58
ALCOOL ALLILCO
alkali metals. strong acids. strong caustics, aliphatic amines. benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates. isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentatluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum. triisobut ylaluminum.
ALCOOL ALLILCO (Italian) (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers. peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases, carbon tetrachloride. React, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid. diallyl phosphide, tri-n-bromomelamine, metal halides, sodium, magnesium, aluminum. and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation o f substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOOL ALLYLIQUE (French) (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (tlash point 72"F/22"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong reducing agent: reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases. carbon tetrachloride. React, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum. amines. isocyanates. chlorosulfonic acid. diallyl phosphide, tri-n-bromomelamine, metal halides, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOOL AMYLIQUE (French) (71-41-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point Y4"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids. strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs. dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide. hypochlorous acid. isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate. nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum. triisobutylaluminum. ALCOOL BUTYLIQUE (French) (71-36-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 98"F/37"C). May react with aluminum above 120°F/49"C. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid. chromium oxide. dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid. isopropyl chlorocarbonate. lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum. triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. ALCOOL BUTYLIQUE SECONDAIKE (French) (78-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (Hash point 7S0F/4"C). Forms an unstable peroxide product in air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium trioxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and ulhali metals. producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong c a w tics. aliphatic aniines, isocyanates. acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide. chromic acid, chromium oxide. dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide. ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid. isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus
ALCOOL n-HEPTYLIQUE PRIMAIRE
59
pentasulfide. tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluininuin. Attacks many plastics and some coatings.
ALCOOL BUTYLIQUE TERTIAIRE (French) (75-65-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 52"F/11 "C). Violent reaction with oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchloric acid, etc.). Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOOL ETHYLIQUE (French) (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 55"F/13"C; 68"F/20°C (80%); 72"F/22"C (60%); 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride. aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-tert-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOOL ETILICO (Italian) (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 55"F/l3"C; 68"F/20"C (80%); 72"F/22"C (60%); 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-tert-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOOL n-HEPTYLIQUE PRIMAIRE (French) (111-70-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
60
AIXOOL METHYL AMYLIQUE
AIXOOI, METHYL AMYLIQUE (French) (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point IO6"F/4 I "C). Contact with alkali metals produces flaininable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently. with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals. strong acids, strong caustics. aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide. dialkylzincs. dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide. hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate. nitric acid. nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics. rubber. and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALCOOI, METHYLIQIJE (French) (67-56-1) Forins explosive mixture with air (flash point SO"F/I 0°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetyl bromide. alkyl aluminum salts. beryllium dihydride, bromine, chromic acid, I-chloro-3,3-difluoro-2-1nethoxycyclopropene. cyanuric chloride. diethylzinc, isophthaloyl chloride, nitric acid. perchloric acid. potassium-fert-butoxide, potassium sulfur diimide, Raneynickel catalysts, 2.4.6-trichlorotriazine. triethylaluminum, 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-methoxycyclopropene. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, alkalineearth and alkali metals, aliphatic amines, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, I ,3-bis(di-r?-cyclopentadienyl iron)-2-propen-I-one, calcium carbide, chromic anhydride, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, dichloroniethane, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, magnesium, methyl azide, nitrogen dioxide, palladium, pentafluoroguanidine, perchloryl fluoride, phosphorus pentasulfide, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, tangerine oil. triisobutylaluminum. Mixtures with lead perchlorate, sodium hypochlorite are explosive. May react with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A1,COOL METILICO (Italian) (67-56-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point SO"F/ I O'C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetyl bromide, alkyl aluminum salts, beryllium dihydride, bromine. chromic acid, 1-chloro-3.3-difluoro-2-methoxycyclopropene. cyanuric chloride, diethylzinc, isophthaloyl chloride, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassiumterf-butoxide, potassium sulfur diimide, Raneynickel catalysts, 2,4,6-trichlorotriazine, triIncompatible with strong acids, ethylaluminum, 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-methoxycycl~~pr~~pene. strong caustics. alkalineearth and alkali metals, aliphatic amines, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, 1,3-his(di-n-cyclopentadienyl iron)-2-propen-l-one. calcium carbide, chromic anhydride, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs. dichlorine oxide. dichloromethane, ethylene oxide. hypochlorous acid, isocyanates. isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, magnesium. methyl azide. nitrogen dioxide, palladium, pentafluoroguanidine, perchloryl fluoride, phosphorus pentasulfide, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluniinum. Mixtures with lead perchlorate, sodium hypochlorite are explosive. May react with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ALCOOL PROPILICO (Italian) (71-23-8) Forins explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/lS0C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids. strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide. clialkylzincs. dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate. nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide. nitronium tetrafluoroborate( 1 -), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluniinurn. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings.
ALDEHYDE FORMIQUE
61
AIXOOL PROPYLIQUE (French) (71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S9"F/1S0C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluoroborate( 1 -), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. ALCOPOL 0 (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/IOl "C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. ALDEHYDE BUTYRIQUE (French) (123-72-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1 0 T - 12°C). Can form explosive peroxides with air; polymerization may occur. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. strong acids (with elevated temperature and pressure), caustics, amines. ammonia. ALDEHYDE C-6 (66-25-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90°F/32"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics. rubber. or coatings. ALDEHYDE (2-10 (112-31-2) Combustible liquid. (flash point 180°F/82"C oc). Reacts violently with bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, aniines, strong oxidizers. Attacks galvanized steel. ALDEHYDE-COLLIDINE (104-90-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 15S"F/68"C; also listed at 16S0F/73"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May form heat-sensitive explosive materials with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks copper and its alloys. ALDEHYDE CROTONIQUE (French) (123-73-9) A strong reducing agent. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5S0F/13"C). Readily converted by oxygen to explosive peroxides and acids; elevated temperatures, alkaline materials (e.g., caustics, ammonia, amines), or contact with many other substances may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromine, 1,3-butadiene, strong bases, ketones. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. ALDEHYDE FORMIQUE (French) (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point of gas 185"F/8S0C; flash point of solution (methanol content lowers flash point) 122"- 176"F/5O0-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55'2 by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at a controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide yields formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperatures), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms his-chlnromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides,
62
ALDEHYDE PROPIONIQUE
gelatin. iodine, magnesite. phenol. some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
ALDEHYDE PROPIONIQUE (French) (123-38-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1S0F/-9"C). Able to form unstable peroxides upon exposure to air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Violent polymerization on contact with strong acids, strong bases. methyl methacrylate. Can self-ignite if finely dispersed on porous and combustible material, such as clothing. Incompatible with amines, ammonia. Heat or UV light can cause decomposition. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALDEHYDINE (104-90-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/68"C: also listed at 16S0F/73"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May form heat-sensitive explosive materials with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks copper and its alloys. ALDEIDE BUTIRRICA (Italian) (123-72-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 10"F/- 12°C). Can form explosive peroxides with air; polymerization may occur. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids (with elevated temperature and pressure), caustics. arnines. ammonia. ALDEIDE FORMICA (Italian) (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [fiash point of gas 18S"F/8S0C: flash point of solution (methanol content lowers flash point) I7-2"-1 76"F/5Oo-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-S5% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 1.5%) and stored at a controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile. caustics (sodium hydroxide yields formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperatures), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms his-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin. iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper. iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. ALDIFEN (51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides. combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALDOL (107-89-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 1SO°F/66"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ALDOXIME (107-29-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids, forming hydroxylamine and acetaldehyde. Forms explosive peroxides on contact with air, acids. Attacks various alkali metals (i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium).
ALGOFRENE@TYPE 5
63
ALFANAFTILAMINA (Italian) (134-32-7) Combustible solid (Hash point 3 1 S0F/1S7"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosion. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate. nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols; sulfuric acid. ALFA-TOX (333-41-5) A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and 2-isopropyl4-methyl-6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers. ALFLOCO 7020 (2425-06-1) Incompatible with acids or acid vapor. Strong alkaline conditions contribute to instability. ALFOLO 8 (111-87-5) Combustiblc liquid (flash point I7S0F/8I T ) . Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. ALFOLO 12 (112-53-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benLoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide. dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide. hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine. perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates. phosphorus pentasul tide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. ALGOFRENEO TYPE 1 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire. forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. ALGOFRENEO TYPE 2 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or tire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ALGOFRENEO TYPE 5 (75-43-4) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Reacts with acids or acid fumes, producing highly toxic chlorine and fluorine fumes. Attacks chemically active metals: alkaline earth, aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their alloys. Undergoes thermal decomposition when
64
ALGOFRENE' TYPE 6
exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire. forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, coatings. and rubber.
ALGOFRENEO TYPE 6 (75-45-6) Mixtures with 50% air are combustible; difficult to ignite. Incompatible with aluminum, barium, beryllium. decaborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite. fluorine, lithium. magnesium, potassium. potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium sodium alloy. sodium. sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. May form explosive compounds with divalent light mctals and metallic azides. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire. forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride. phosgene. and carbonyl fluoride. Moisture and rust can cause slow decomposition, forming toxic gases. Attacks some paints, rubber. and coatings. Attacks aluminum. ALGOFRENEO TYPE 67 (75-37-6) Flammable gas (flammability limits 3.7- 18% by volume in air). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. barium, sodium, and potassium. Incompatible with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALGRAIN (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 5S0F/13"C; 6X0F/2O0C (80%): 72"F/22"C (60%): 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases. acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide. acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide. cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-tert-biitoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide. silver nitrate. silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sullinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol. triethoxydialuminum tribromide. triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(l1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substnnce may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALGYLEN (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g.. lye. potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium: titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame. and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. Slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimcthyl. dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate. trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings. and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. ALILAMINA (Spanish) (107-11-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2O0C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A medium-strong base. Reacts. possibly violently, with acids, strong oxidizers.
ALKOHOL
65
hypochlorites, halogenated compounds, nitrosyl perchlorate, reactive organic compounds, combustible materials, finely divided chemically active metals. Attacks copper. Corrodes active metals.
ALIL ETER (Spanish) (557-40-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 20°F/-7"C oc). Forms explosive peroxides with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ALIL ETYL ETER (Spanish) (557-31-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 4500"F/ 2482"C), supply their own oxygen, and are extremely difficult to stop.
ALUMLNUM ALKYLS (CAS registry number varies) Flash point and other properties may vary because these chemicals are generally supplied as a solution in a hydrocarbon solvent. They react with many matcrials, including air, water, alcohols, halocarbons, titanocene dichloride (polymerization catalyst), arachidyl alcohol, triethyl borane. Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously in air. Water-reactive. Decomposes in heat at about 350°F/177"C. See also Triethyl Aluminum. ALUMINUM ALUM (10043-01-3) Forms sulfuric acid with water. Aqueous solution has a violent reaction with bases and many other materials. See also Sulfuric Acid. Dry material is weakly corrosive to carbon steel: aqueous solution attacks aluminum and other metals, forming hydrogen gas. ALUMINUMCHLORID (German) (7446-70-0) Contact with moist air or water produces hydrogen chloride and heat. Contact with water, alcohol, alkenes, bases, epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide can result in violent polymerization. Incompatible with butyl nitrate, glycidol. methyl chloride, organic material. oxygen difluoride, phenyl azide. Forms shocksensitive or explosive compounds with ammonium nitrate, nitrobenzene. Attacks metals including 3 16 stainless steel in the presence of moisture. ALUMINUM CHLORIDE (7446-70-0) Contact with moist air or water produces hydrogen chloride and heat. Contact with water, alcohol, alkenes. bases, epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide can result in violent polymerization. Incompatible with butyl nitrate, glycidol, methyl chloride, organic material, oxygen difluoride, phenyl azide. Forms shock-sensitive or explosive compounds with ammonium nitrate. nitrobenzene. Attacks metals including 3 16 stainless steel in the presence of moisture. ALUMINUM ETHYL DICHLORIDE (563-43-9) Forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with moisture in air, forming aluminum oxide and hydrogen chloride fumes. May be pyrophoric. Reacts violently with water, producing hydrogen chloride and ethane gas. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Reacts violently with alcohols, amines, carbon dioxide, halogens, halocarbons, nitrogen oxides, phenol, oxides of sulfur or nitrogen. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Store under nitrogen blanket. ALUMINUM FLUORIDE (7784-18-1) Forms a slightly acidic solution when dissolved in water. Forms explosive materials with potassium or sodium. Attacks 316 stainless steel in the presence of moisture.
ALUMINUM POWDER
73
ALUMINUM LITHIUM HYDRIDE (16853-85-3) Flammable solid. A powerful reducing agent. Ignites spontaneously in air and/or heat above 257"F/12S"C. Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, flammable hydrogen. aluminum, lithium hydride, with possible ignition. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids. alcohols, aldehydes, benzoyl peroxide, boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, 3-chloromethylfuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 3,S-dibromocyclopentene, ethers, ethyl acetate, fluoroamides, glycols, ketones, nitrogenous organic compounds, perfluorosuccinamide, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran. Reacts violently with many standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents. or other dry powders. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. ALUMINUM-MAGNESIUM ALLOY (12042-38-5) The dust or powder is a combustible solid; it forms an explosive mixture in air. Violent reaction with water. A strong reducing agent. Incompatible with many materials, including oxidizers, strong acids, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, methyl chloroform, sodium nitrate. ALUMINUM MONOPHOSPHIDE (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate. ALUMINUM NITRATE (13473-90-0) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, organics, reducing agents, acetonitrile. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; reacts with bases. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ALUMINUM(II1) NITRATE (13473-90-0) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with coinbustibles, organics, reducing agents, acetonitrile. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; reacts with bases. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ALUMINUM NITRATE NONHYDRATE (13473-90-0) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, organics, reducing agents, acetonitrile. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; reacts with bases. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate. ALUMINUM PHOSPHITE (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate. ALUMINUM POWDER (7429-90-5) Finely divided material is a flammable solid. A dust cloud will form an explosive mixture with air; explodes on contact with manganese dust. Bulk dust heats spontaneously on contact with moisture. A strong reducing agent. Ignites on contact with gases and vapors of oxygen, arsenic chloride, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, sulfur dichloride. Explosive hydrogen gas is released on contact with
74
ALUMINUM SODIUM OXIDE
caustics such as sodium hydroxide. Violent reaction with many compounds, including oxidizers, strong acids, alcohols, mercury and mercury compounds, metal oxides, nitrates, nitromethane, phosphorus, selenium, sulfates, sulfides, sulfur. Ignites, and/or explosive thermite reaction. and/or explosion when mixed with barium peroxide, barium pentafluoride. carbon disulfide, chloroformamidinium nitrate, copper(I1) oxide, formic acid, iodine(V) oxide, iron oxide, lead monoxide, methyl chloride, nitrates, oxygen difluoride. manganese dioxide, potassium iodate, sodium carbonate, sodium peroxide, trichloroethylene. Forms pyrophoric or sensitive explosive mixtures with diborane, hypochlorite or other halogen source, many oxidizers, palladium, peroxides, potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, sodium acetylide, sodium nitrate. May accumulate static electrical charges from friction or stirring and may ignite. Note; Thermite reactions attain high temperatures (>4500"F/ 2482°C). supply their own oxygen, and are extremely difficult to stop.
ALUMINUM SODIUM OXIDE (1302-42-7; 11138-49-1) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols. aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactain solution, chlorocarbons, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones. glycols. nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminurn, copper, tin, and zinc. ALUMINUM SULFATE, ALUMINUM SULFATE (2:3),ALUMINUM SULFATE, LIQUID, or ALUMINUM SULFATE SOLUTION (10043-01-3) Forms sulfuric acid with water. Aqueous solution has a violent reaction with bases and many other materials. See also Sulfuric Acid. Dry material is weakly corrosive to carbon steel; aqueous solution attacks aluminum and other metals. forming hydrogen gas. ALUMINUM TRICHLORIDE or ALUMINUM TRICHLORIDE SOLUTION (744670-0) Contact with moist air or water produces hydrogen chloride and heat. Contact with water, alcohol, alkenes, bases, epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide can result in violent polymerization. Incompatible with butyl nitrate, glycidol, methyl chloride, organic material, oxygen difluoride, phenyl azide. Forms shock-sensitive or explosive compounds with ammonium nitrate. nitrobenzene. Attacks metals including 3 16 stainless steel in the presence of moisture. ALUMINUM TRIETHYL (97-93-8) A dangerous explosion hazard (flash point -61 "F/-S2"C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming ethane gas; may ignite spontaneously in air. at all temperatures. Reacts with water, producing explosive ethane gas. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, alcohols, amines, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, halons. halogenated hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen or sulfur, phenols. rriethylborane. and many other substances. Incompatible with diinethyl~orniainide.Reacts with many common tire extinguishers (do not use water, carbon dioxide, foams, halogenated agents). Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. RLUblINUM TRINITRATE (13473-90-0) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles. organics, reducing agents, acetonitrile. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; reacts with bases. Attacks metals in the presence o f moisture.
ALUI\IINUM TRISULFATE or ALUMINUM TRISULFATE SOLUTION (10043-01-3) Foims sulfuiic acid with water Aqueous solution has a violent reaction with h a w and mdnj
AMCIDE(*
75
other materials. See also Sulfuric Acid. Dry material is weakly corrosive to carbon steel; aqueous solution attacks aluminum and other metals, forming hydrogen gas.
ALUNOGENITE (10043-01-3) Forms sulfuric acid with water. Aqueous solution has a violent reaction with bases and many other materials. See also Sulfuric Acid. Dry material is weakly corrosive to carbon steel; aqueous solution attacks aluminum and other metals, forming hydrogen gas.
ALVIT (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysta, btrong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts.
ALZODEF (156-62-7) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with water, steam causes decomposition. forming acetylene gas, ammonia, and calcium hydrogen cyanamide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, fluorine, strong acids. Incompatible with barium peroxide, boric acid, dry hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide. Contact with all solvents tested also causes decomposition.
AMATIN (118-74-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 467"F/242"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium.
AMBER ACID (110-15-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 4SS"F/23S0C, forming succinic anhydride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. AMCHEM@GRASS KILLER (76-03-9) The aqueous solution is a strong acid. Generally stable if moisture is not present. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Corrosive to metals, including iron, zinc, and aluminum.
AMCHLOR@(12125-02-9) Can be self-reactive; explosion may occur when closed containers are opened after long storage. Contact with water can cause a violent reaction with heat and formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with boron trifluoride, boron pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, iodine heptafluoride, potassium chlorate. Mixture with hydrogen cyanide may form explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with alkalis, alkali carbonates, acids, salts of lead or silver. At fire temperature conditions, fumes corrode metals. AMCHLORIDE@ (12125-02-9) Can be self-reactive; explosion may occur when closed containers are opened after long storage. Contact with water can cause a violent reaction with heat and formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with boron trifluoride, boron pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, iodine heptafluoride, potassium chlorate. Mixture with hydrogen cyanide may form explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with alkalis, alkali carbonates, acids, salts of lead or silver. At fire temperature conditions. fumes corrode metals.
AMCIDEO (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when
76
AMEISENATOD@
enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320°F/1 60°C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction.
AMEISENATODO (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. AMEISENMITTELO (Merck) (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. AMEISENSAEURE (German) (64-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air [(90% solution) 122"F/SOoC].A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, furfuryl alcohol, hypochlorites. isocyanides, nitromethane, chromic acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentaoxide, strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, palladium. thallium trinitrate trihydrate. Attacks aluminum, cast iron, and steel, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Slowly decomposes in storage, forming carbon monoxide gas. AMERCIDEO (133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate, parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime) as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. AMETOXO (10102-17-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal nitrates, nitrites. Forms explosive product with potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate. Reacts with acids, forming sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogens. AM-FOL@ (7664-41-7, anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid; 1336-21-6, solution in water). Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric. sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire andlor explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes. alkylene oxides. amides, antimony, boron, boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine. chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzenc, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane. chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride. nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide. potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amidc. trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel. and their alloys.
AMILTRICLOROSILANO
77
AMICIDEO (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer: may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed, hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 32O"F/16O0C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMIDA SODICA (Spanish) (7782-92-5) Combustible solid. Easily forms dangerous levels of unstable peroxides in storage. Material is shock-, friction-, and heat-sensitive: may ignite or explode. Exposure to moist air may cause material to ignite, explode, and/or produce corrosive hydrogen chloride and ammonia fumes. Reacts violently with water, water vapor. steam, forming sodium hydroxide and ammonia fumes, and caustic soda solution: may burst into flames. Reacts violently with oxidizers, acids, chromium trioxide, dinitrogen tetraoxide, halocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, potassium chlorate, sodium nitrite, and other compounds. In dry state, flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Reacts with most common extinguishers: on fires use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-l powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. Separate from all other materials and moisture of any kind. Store under inert gas or liquid hydrocarbons. AMIDOFOSO (299-86-5) Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Alkalis, strong acids, and elevated temperatures cause decomposition, forming fumes of chlorine, nitrogen oxides, and phosphorus oxides. Unstable over long periods of time in water and at temperatures above 14O"F/6O0C. AMIDOX@ (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/18O0C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. n-AMILAMINA (Spanish) (110-58-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30°F/- 1°C; also reported at 45"F/7"C oc). A weak base. Keep away from heat, sunlight. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acidc, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. AMILAN (105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 23OoF/110°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. AMILMERCAPTANO (Spanish) (1 10-66-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6S°F/18"C). lgnites on contact with concentrated nitric acid. Contact with water. steam, or acids produces toxic and flammable vapors. Incompatible with oxidiLers, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite. AMILTRICLOROSILANO (Spanish) (107-72-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/h2"C). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen.
78
AMINATE BASE
AMINATE BASE (79-17-4) This substance is an oxoacid and organic acid. Shock, friction, sparks, elevated temperatures may cause ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols. glycols. phenols, cresols. AMINE -0-METHOXYPHENYLAMINE (90-04-0) Combustible liquid (flash point >2 12"F/> 100T). Heat contributes to instability. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with rnaleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some coatings, and some forms of plastic and rubber.
AMINIC ACID (64-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air [(90% solution) 122"F/SO0C1. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, furfuryl alcohol, hypochlorites, isocyanides. nitromethane, chromic acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentaoxide, strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin. palladium. thallium trinitrate trihydrate. Attacks aluminum, cast iron, and steel. some plastics, rubber. and coatings. Slowly decomposes in storage, forming carbon monoxide gas.
4-AMINOANILINE (106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 3 12"F/156"C).A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. pAMINOANILINE (106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 3 12"F/I56°C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids. organic anhydrides, isocyanates. aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. 2-AMINOANISOLE (90-04-0) Combustible liquid (flash point >212"F/> 100°C). Heat contributes to instability. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes. alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution. epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride. isocyanates. ketones, glycols. nitrates. phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some coatings, and some forms of plastic and rubber. o-AMINOANISOLE (90-04-0) Combustible liquid (flash point >212'F/> 100°C). Heat contributes to instability. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides. substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols. vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some coatings. and some forms of plastic and rubber. AMINOBENZENE (62-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/70"C). Unless inhibited (usually by methanol). readily able to polymerize. Violent reaction. including the
LAMINOBUTAN
79
possibility of fire, explosion, and the formation of heat- or shock-aensitive compounds may result from contact with acetic anhydride, benzene diazonium-2-carboxylate, aldehydes, alkalis, benzenamine hydrochloride, boron trichloride, l-bromo-2,5-pyrrolidinedione, chlorosulfonic acid, dibenzoyl peroxide, fluorine nitrate, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, oleum, oxidizers, organic anhydrides, ozone, perchloryl fluoride, perchromates, potassium peroxide, P-propiolactone, sodium peroxide, strong acids, trichloromelamine. Strong reaction with toluene diisocyanate. Reacts with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with copper and copper alloys.
4-AMINOBENZENESULFONIC ACID (121-57-3) Decomposes on contact with strong acids, forming sulfur trioxide. Aqueous solution is acidic: violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin. organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. p-AMINOBENZENESULFONIC ACID (121-57-3) Decomposes on contact with strong acids, forming sulfur trioxide. Aqueous solution is acidic; violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers, vinyl acetate.
4-AMINOBIPHENYL (92-67-1) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown; autoignition temperature 842"F/4SO0C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes. alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel.
p-AMINOBIPHENYL (92-67-1) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown: autoignition temperature 842"F/4SO°C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel.
AMINOBIS(PR0PYLAMINE) (56-18-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids and strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin. fluorine, glycols, isocyanates. ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
I-AMINOBUTAN (German) (109-73-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point IO"F/- 12°C). An organic base. Reacts, possibly violently. with oxidizers, acids, acrolein, maleic anhydride, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchloryl fluoride. Reacts with acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides. substituted allyls, chlorine, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethers. glycols, halogens. isocyanates, ketones, monomers, organic anhydrides, phenols, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Mixture with hypochlorites may form explosive chloramine. Attacks light metals and copper. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
80
1 -AMINOBUTANE
I-AMINOBUTANE (109-73-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10"F/ - 12°C). An organic base. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acids. acrolein, maleic anhydride, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchloryl fluoride. Reacts with acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, chlorine, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethers, glycols. halogens, isocyanates. ketones, monomers. organic anhydrides, phenols, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Mixture with hypochlorites may form explosive chloramine. Attacks light metals and copper. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-AMINOBUTANE (13952-84-6) Forins explosive mixture with air (flash point ISOF/ -9OC). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates. alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates. ketones, glycols, inaleic anhydride. nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some metals. May accuinulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. AMINOCAPROIC LACTAM (105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 230"F/I 10°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. 1-AMINO-4-CHLOROBENZENE (106-47-8) Combustible solid (flash point >390"F/ > 188°C). Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, chlorosufonic acid, ozone.
l-AMINO-3-CHLORO-6-METHYLBENZENE (95-79-4) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. l-AMINO-2-CHLORO-4-NITROBENZENE (121-87-9) Combustible solid (flash point 401 "F/20SoC).Contact with strong acids causes decomposition with formation of hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. 2-AMINO-4-CHLOROTOLUENE (95-79-4) combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. 2-AMINO-5-CHLOROTOLUENE (95-79-4) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, aldehydes. AMINOCYCLOHEXANE (108-91-8) Forins explosive mixture with air (flash point 79"F/2SoC).An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers. hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols. cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with copper alloys, zinc, or galvanized steel. 4-AMINODIFENIL (Spanish) (92-67-1) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown; autoignition temperature 842"F/4SO0C).An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids,
I-AM1NO-2,4-DINITROBENZENE 81 nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys and galvanized steel.
1-AMINO-3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPANE (109-55-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point IOO°F/38"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, cellulose nitrate, ethylene dichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides. isocyanates, aldehydes. AMINODIMETHYLBENZENE (1300-73-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/ 96°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidiz,ing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
l-AMINO-2,4-DIMETHYLBENZENE (95-68-1)Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/ 96°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols. isocyanates, nitrates. nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. l-AMINO-2,5-DIMETHYLBENZENE (95-78-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"FI 96°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides. phenols, sulfuric acid. 3-AMINO-1,4-DIMETHYLBENZENE (95-78-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/ 96°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid. organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. 4-AMINO-1,3-DIMETHYLBENZENE (95-68-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/ 96°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes. nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates. nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. 2-AMINODIMETHYLETHANOL P-AMINOISOBUTANOL (124-68-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride.
l-AMINO-2,4-DINITROBENZENE (97-02-9) Combustible solid (flash point 435"F/
224°C). The dust or powder forms an explosive tnixture with air. Decomposes in moderate heat, releasing sulfur dioxide vapors that form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction
82
4AMINODIPHENYL
with strong oxidizers. strong acids, strong bases. acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and chloroforniates.
4-AMINODIPHENYI, (92-67-1) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown: autoignition temperature 842"F/45O0C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acctate. acrylates. substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols. glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum, copper. zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel. p-AMINODIPHENYL (92-67-1) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown; autoignition temperature 842"F/45O0C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers. hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates. substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols. glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel. AMINOETHANDIAMINE (111-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OS0F/Y8"C oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly other nitrogen compounds. Silver. cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitroniethane forms a heat-. friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids. acrylates. aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls. epichlorohydrin, glycols. halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones. mercury. phenols, strong oxidizers. vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt. lead. tin. zinc. and their alloys. AMINOETHANE or 1-AMINOETHANE (75-04-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 3 T - 16°C). The aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts violently with strong acids, strong oxidizers. cellulose nitrate, organic coinpounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. acrylates. substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones. aldehydes. alcohols. glycols. phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. perchlorates. Attacks nonferrous metals: aluminum. copper. lead, tin. zinc, and their alloys, some plastics. rubber. and coatings. 2-AMINOETHANOL (141-43-5) Combustible liquid (flash point lX5"F/85"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. strong acids (with spattering). Incompatible with acetic acid. acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylates, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile. alcohols. aldehydes. alkali metals. alkylene oxides. substituted allyls. caprolactam solution. cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols. epichlorohydrin. glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons. isocyanates. ketones. mesiiyl oxide, oleuni, organic anhydrides, phenols, P-propiolactone. vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Reacts with iron. iorrning tr~i.s-etlianolaminoiron, il pyrophoric material. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead. tin. iinc, 2nd their alloys. Attacks plastics. coatings. and rubber. 2-(2-AhlINOETHOXY)ETHANOL ('92'9-06-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/ 135°C oc). 1ncoi.ripatihle with oxidizers. strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols. aldeliycles. alkylene oxides. substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate, crcsols, caprolactam solution. epichlorohydrin. ethylene dichloridc, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phcnols. vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. increases the explosive sensitivity
2-[(2-AMINOETHYL)AMINO]ETHANOL 83 of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings; aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
n-(2-AMINOETHYL) (111-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 208"F/98"C oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anbydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, strong oxidiLers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. AMINOETHYL ALCOHOL (141-43-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (with spattering). Incompatible with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylates, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, mesityl oxide, oleum, organic anhydrides, phenols, P-propiolactone, vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Reacts with iron, forming tris-ethanolaminoiron, a pyrophoric material. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin. zinc, and their alloys. Attacks plastics, coatings, and rubber. P-AMINOETHYL ALCOHOL (141-43-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (with spattering).
Incompatible with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylates, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, mesityl oxide, oleum, organic anhydrides. phenols, P-propiolactone, vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Reacts with iron, forming tris-ethanolaminoiron, a pyrophoric material. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Attacks plastics, coatings, and rubber.
P-AMINOETHYLAMINE (107-15-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O4"F/4O0C).An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. chlorinated organic compounds, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, carbon disulfide, cellulose nitrate. chlorosulfonic acid, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, epichlorohydrin, ethylene chlorohydrin, oleum. methyl oxide, nitromethane, silver perchlorate, vinyl acetate. Also incompatible with 3-propiolactone, mesityl oxide, ethylene dichloride. organic anhydrides. isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols. glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Causes spontaneous decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds; isolate from explosives: ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, picric acid, nitrobenzene. etc. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and alloys, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
2-[(2-AMINOETHYL)AMINO]ETHANOL (929-06-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates. ketones, glycols. nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive
84
AMINOETHYLETHANDIAMINE
sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings; aluminum, copper. zinc, and their alloys.
AMINOETHYLETHANDIAMINE (1 11-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 20X°F/ 98°C oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates, aldehydes. alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides. substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates. ketones, mercury, phenols, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. AMINO ETHYL-1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE,1,4,7,10,13-PE"RlDECANE-3AMINOPHENYLMETHANE (108-44-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 1XX0F/87"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids. acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates. aldehydes, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. AMINOETHYL ETHANOLAMINE (111-41-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/ 135°C).Aqueous solution is an organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols. aldehydes. alkylene oxides, substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin. ethylene dichloride, isocyanates. ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. N-AMINOETHYLETHANOL AMINE (929-06-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/I 35°C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates. alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate. cresols, caprolactam solution. epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates. phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber. and coatings: aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. N-(2-AMINOETHYL) ETHANOLAMINE (929-06-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 27S°F/ 135°C oc). Incompatible with oxidiz,ers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols. aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution. epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber. and coatings; aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. 1-AMINO-2-ETHYLHEXANE (104-75-6)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140"F/6O0C oc). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, organic peroxides. Incompatible with nonoxidizing acrylates, substituted allyls. alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, cresols, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, mineral acids. organic acids, organic anhydrides. nitrates, phenols. vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. 1-(2-AMINOETHYL)PIPERAZINE (140-31-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 199"F/ 93°C). Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, organic
2-AMINO- I -HYDROXYBENZENE
85
anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates. ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper. magnesium, nickel, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel.
n-AMINOETHYLPIPERAZINE (140-31-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 199"F/ 93°C). Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, organic anbydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, nickel, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel.
N-(2-AMINOETHYL) PIPERAZINE (140-31-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 199"F/ 93°C). Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, nickel, zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel.
o-AMINOFENOL (95-55-6) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
AMINOFORM (100-97-0) Combustible solid (flash point 4X2"F125O0C). Incompatible with acids, 1-bromopentaborane(9), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, iodine, iodoform, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, sodium peroxide, strong oxidizers. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
AMINOGUANIDINE (79-17-4) This substance is an oxoacid and organic acid. Shock, friction, sparks, elevated temperatures may cause ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution.
AMINOHEXAHYDROBENZENE (108-91-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 79"F/26"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with copper alloys, zinc, or galvanized steel. 2-AMINO-1-HYDROXYBENZENE (95-55-6) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes,
86
I -AMINO-2-HYDROXYPROPANE
nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates. nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
I-AMINO-2-HYDROXYPROPANE (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -SX"F/-SO"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins, holocarbons, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane. Contact with perchloryl fluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides. isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper conipounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols. glycols, phenols, cresols. caprolactarn solution. vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and i t s alloys. zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-AMINOISOBUTANE (75-64-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 4X"F/--Y"C). A weak base. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates. vinyl acetatc. acrylates. substituted allyls. alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes. alcohols, glycols. phenols. cresols, caprolactam solution. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo- 1,3-diniethylcyclopropanoic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks sonie metals in the presence of moisture. AMINOMETHANE or AMINOMETHANE (cylinder) (74-89-5) Extremely flammable gas [flash point (35%)in H 2 0 ) O T - 18°C; ( 4 0 8 in H,O) 14"F/-- IO'C]. Aqueous solution is a medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitrated hydrocarbons. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates. alcohols. aldehydes. alkylene oxides. substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactatn solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones. glycols, halogens, nitrates. phenols. vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Aqueous solution attacks aluminum, copper, lead, magnesium. tin. zinc, and their alloys; galvanized surfaces: sointi plastics, rubber. and coatings. Commercial product can be a flammable 35-48% aqueous solution. 1-AMINO-2-METHYLBENZENE (95-53-4) Cornbtistible liquid (flash point IXS"F/ 85°C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidi~ers,including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids. acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, wbstituted allyls. cellulose nitrate, cresols. caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin. ethylene tlichloride, isocyanates. ketones. glycols. nitrates. phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with inaleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks some plastics. rubber. and coatings. 2-AMINO-I-METHYLBENZENE (95-53-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 XS"F/ XS'C ). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fumin2 nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids. acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate, cresols. caprolactain solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride. isocyanates. ketones, glycols. nitrates. phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with inaleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity o f nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes. forming explosive products. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings.
I -AMINONAPHTHALENE
87
3-AMINO-1-METHYLBENZENE(108-44-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 18S°F/87"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, aldehydes, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 4-AMINO-1-METHYLBENZENE (106-49-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 188"F/ 87°C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANE (78-81-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). An organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, copper and its alloys, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. 2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANE (75-64-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/-9"C). A weak base. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Exothermic reaction with 2,a-dibromo- 1,3-dimethylcyclopropanoicacid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture.
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL (90% or less) (124-68-5) Combuqtible liquid (flash point IS3"F/67"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols. nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. 4-AMINO-3-METHYL TOLUENE (95-68-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/ 96°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes. nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates. nitrates. nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
3-AMINOMETHYL-3,5,5-TRIMETHYLCYCLOHEXYLAMINE (2855-13-2)
111-
compatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride. isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum and steel in the presence of moisture.
1-AMINONAPHTHALENE (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 1S0F/157"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosion. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes.
88
2-AMINONAPHTHALENE
nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid. organic anhydrides. phenols, sulfuric acid.
2-AMINONAPHTHALENE (91-59-8) Combustible solid (flash point 374"F/19OoC). Hydrolyzed in water. forming an alkaline solution. Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols. aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls. cresols. caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin. ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones. maleic anhydride, nitrates. nitromethane. phenols, vinyl acetate. Oxidizes in the presence of air and light; material darkens to brown or purple. 1-AMINO-2-NITROBENZENE (88-74-4) Combustible solid (flash point 335"F/I 68°C). Powder. dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, nitric acid, acid anhydrides. acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. Flow or agihrion of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. I-AMINO-3-NITROBENZENE (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 3O9"F/I S4"C). Powder. dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitruethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, acid anhydrides. acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitric acid. sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. I-AMINO-4-NITROBENZENE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 390"F/ 199OC). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (29XoF/14X"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids. acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
m-AMINONITROBENZENE (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 309"F/lS4"C). Powder. dust. or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids. acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitric acid. sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation 0 1 substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
p-AMINONITROBENZENE (100-01-6)
Combustible solid (flash point 390°F/l 99°C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive inixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (298"F/14X0C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids. acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible
2-AMINOPROPANE
89
with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1-AMINOPENTANE (110-58-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30°F/ -1°C; also reported at 4S0F/7"C oc). A weak base. Keep away from heat, sunlight. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. 2-AMINOPENTANE (109-89-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/ -28°C). A strong organic base. Reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with acids, mercury. Incompatible with alcohols, acrylates, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, organic anhydrides, phenols, substituted allyls, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-AMINOPHENOL or o-AMINOPHENOL (95-55-6) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes. nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. p-AMINOPHENYLSULFONIC ACID (121-57-3) Decomposes on contact with strong acids, forming sulfur trioxide. Aqueous solution is acidic; violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia. epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. 1-AMINOPROPANE (107-10-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3S°F/ 37°C). A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers: chlorine, fluorine, hypochlorites, mercury, strong acids, nitroparaffins, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols. glycols, and other reactive organic compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones. maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, triethyl aluminum, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Aqueous solutions may attack glass. -
2-AMINOPROPANE (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -S8"F/-SO°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins, holocarbons, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane. Contact with perchloryl fluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper compounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and its alloys, zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
90
I -AMINO-PROPANOL-2
I-AMINO-PROPANOL-2 (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - SX"F/-SO"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids Contact with (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins. holocarbons. I-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane. perchloryl Iluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper compounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols. cresols. caprolactani solution. vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and its alloys, zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. I-AMINO-2-PROPANOL (78-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point IS9"F/71"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, 2.4-hexadiena1, nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides. isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates. substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols. glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactain solution. nitrocompounds, perchlorates. May attack aluminum, copper, lead, tin. zinc, and their alloys; some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 3-AMINO-1-PROPANOL (156-87-6) Combustible liquid (flash point I75"F/79"C). Violent rcaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes. nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates. nitrates. nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols. sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum, copper. zinc. or their alloys, and galvanized steel. y-AMINOPROPANOL (156-87-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 17S0F/79"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. lncoinpatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area). cresols, isocyanates, nitrates. nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum. copper. zinc, or their alloys, and galvanized steel. 3-AMINO-1-PROPENE (107-11-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3"FI- 20°C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides. elevated temperatures. A medium-strong base. Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, strong oxidizers, hypochlorites, halogenated compounds, nitrosyl perchlorate, reactive organic compounds, combustible materials, finely divided cheniically active metals. Attacks copper. Corrodes active metals. 3-AMINOPROPYLENE (107-11-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point --4"F/-20nC). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated teniperat~ircs.A medium-strong base. Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, strong oxidizers, hypochlorites, halogenated compounds, nitrosyl perchlorate. reactive organic compounds, combustible materials, finely divided chemically active metals. Attacks copper. Corrodes active metals. AMINO-2-PY RIDINE (504-29-0) Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Aqueous solutions incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides. substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactatn solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate.
a-AMINOPYRIDINE
91
AMINO-3-PYRIDINE (462-08-8) Combustible solid (flash point about 328"F/I 6 4 T , based on p-isomer). Forms a strong base with water. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solutioo, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols. nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. 2-AMINOPYRIDINE (504-29-0) Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Aqueous solutions incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols. caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. 3-AMINOPYRIDINE (462-08-8) Combustible solid (flash point about 328"F/164"C, based on p-isomer). Forms a strong base with water. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. 4-AMINOPYRIDINE (504-24-2) Combustible solid (flash point 328"F/l64"C oc). Dust or powder may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with water, steam, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. (Y-AMINOPYRIDINE(504-29-0) Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Aqueous solutions incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. rn-AMINOPYRIDINE (462-08-8) Combustible solid (flash point about 328"F/164"C, based on p-isomer). Forms a strong base with water. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. o-AMINOPYRIDINE (504-29-0) Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Aqueous solutions incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin. ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones. maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate.
92
p-AMINOPYRIDINE
p-AMINOPYRIDINE (504-24-2) Combustible solid (flash point 328"F/164"C oc). Dust or powder may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with water, steam, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides. substituted allyls, cresols. caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols. isocyanates, ketones, inaleic anhydride. nitrates, nitromethane, phenols. vinyl acetate. 2-AMINOTOLUENE (95-53-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids. acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols. nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, fonning explosive products. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. 3-AMINOTOLUENE (108-44-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 188"F/87"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 4-AMINOTOLUENE (106-49-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 188"F/87"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. organic anhydrides. isocyanates. aldehydes, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. a-AMINOTOLUENE (100-46-9) Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides. isocyanates. aldehydes, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. alcohols, glycols, phenols. cresols. caprolactum solution. Violent or explosive reaction with N-chlorosuccinimide. Slowly corrodes some metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. in-AMINOTOLUENE (108-44-1) Combustible liquid (flash point I88"F/87"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides. acid anhydrides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. o-AMINOTOLUENE (95-53-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols. aldehydes. alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates. ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes. forming explosive products. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. p-AMINOTOLUENE (106-49-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 188"F/87"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
AMMONIA, ANHYDROUS
93
2-AMINO-1,4-XYLENE (95-78-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. 4-AMINO-1,3-XYLENE (95-68-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"Cj. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites forin sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. AMMAT (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed, hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320°F/1 60°C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMATE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed, hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 32O0F/16OoC,but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMATE HERBICIDE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320°F/160"C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMONERIC (12125-02-9) Can be self-reactive; explosion may occur when closed containers are opened after long storage. Contact with water can cause a violent reaction with heat and formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with boron trifluoride, boron pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, iodine heptafluoride, potassium chlorate. Mixture with hydrogen cyanide may form explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with alkalis, alkali carbonates, acids, salts of lead or silver. At fire temperature conditions, fumes corrode metals. AMMONIA, ANHYDROUS (7664-41-7) Anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid. Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc. j. Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides. chlorides, nitrates, oxides j. Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes. alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, I -chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household blcach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride. organic anhydrides, phosphorus
94
AMMONIAC
trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide. silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide. trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks copper. brass, bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys.
AMMONIAC (French) (7664-41-7, anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid; 1336-21-6, solution in water). Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire, Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic. hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein. aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides. antimony, boron. boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, I -chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach). iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate. potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys. AMMONIACA (Italian) (7664-41-7, anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid; 1336-21-6, solution in water). Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric. picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides. antimony, boron. boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloronielamine, chromium trioxide. chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine. hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride. organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver. potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide. silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride. tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride. vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics. and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel. and their alloys. AMMONIA GAS (7664-41-7) Anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid. Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron. boron halides,
AMMONIOFORMALDEHYDE
95
boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, ochloronitrobenzene, I-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics. and rubber. Attacks copper, brass. bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys.
AMMONIALE (German) (7664-41-7, anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid; 1336-21-6, solution in water). Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury. nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys.
AMMONIATED MERCURY (10124-48-8) Reacts violently with halogens: barium, chlorine, fluorine, and metal salts of amines. Contact with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition, producing hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution. epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates. nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. May corrode aluminum, copper, zinc, and some stainless steel in the presence of moisture.
AMMONIO (DICROMATO DI) (Italian) (7789-09-5) Combustible solid. A strong oxi-
dizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles, bases, sodium nitrite. Decomposes at about 356"F/180°C, self-sustaining at about 13OOoF/7O4"C;heat causes material to expand dramatically with evolution of heat and nitrogen oxides; swelling may cause closed container to burst explosively. Solution is acidic. Acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
AMMONIOFORMALDEHYDE (100-97-0) Combustible solid (flash point 482"F/ 250°C). Incompatible with acids, Lbromopentaborane(9), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates. substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, iodine,
96
AMMONIUM ACETATE
iodoform. ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, sodium peroxide. strong oxidizers. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
AMMONIUM ACETATE (631-61-8) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chlorine trifluoride, magnesium, potassium nitrite. sodium chlorate, sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with nitrates. Forms a heat-sensitive explosive with 5-azidotetrarole. Rcacts with gold chloride, forming fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impactsensitive explosive. Incompatible with sodium dichloroisocyanurate. AMMONIUM ACID FLUORIDE (1341-49-7) Reacts with water, forming a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid. Incompatible with alkalis. acids. Attacks glass, cement, and most metals in the presence of moisture. Flammable hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed spaces. AMMONIUM AMIDOSULFONATE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when encloscd or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite. metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 32O"Fll 60°C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMONIUM AMIDOSULPHATE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed, hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite. metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320°F/160"C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMONIUM AMINOSULFONATE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause tire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed, hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320°F/1 60°C. but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMONIUM BICARBONATE (1066-33-7) Violent reaction with acids, forming carbon dioxide. Reacts with strong basea, forming ammonia. Reacts with fluorine, magnesium, sodium hypochlorite. AMMONIUM RICHROMATE (7789-09-5) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently n'ilh reducing agents, combustibles. bases, sodium nitrite. Decomposes at about 356"FlI S O T , self-sustaining at about 1300"F/704"C: heat causes material to expand dramatically with evolution of heat and nitrogen oxides: swelling may cause closed container to burst explosively. Solution is acidic. Acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates. vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE (1341-49-7) Reacts with water, forming a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid. Incompatible with alkalis, acids. Attacks glass, cement, and most metals in the presence of moisture. Flammable hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed spaces. AMMONIUM BIPHOSPHATE (7783-28-0) Contact with air slowly forms anhydrous aninionia. Contact with caustics forms anhydrous ammonia ga5. Violent reaction with strong
AMMONIUMDICHROMAT
97
oxidizers, potassium chlorate, strong bases. Reacts with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate.
AMMONIUM BISULFIDE or AMMONIUM BISULPHIDE (12124-99-1) The anhydrous material [(NH,),S]is pyrophoric in air; it decomposes at room temperature, forming hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Stable below 32"F/O0C.Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with acids forms hydrogen sulfide and/or sulfur dioxide. Contact with strong bases produces ammonia. Corrodes aluminum, brass, copper, Lint, and related alloys; attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The commercial product [a 40% solution in water (NH,HS)] is stable. AMMONIUM BISULFITE or AMMONIUM BISULPHITE (10192-30-0) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride.
AMMONIUM CARBAZOATE (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 250°F/121"C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts. AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (12125-02-9) Can be self-reactive; explosion may occur when closed containers are opened after long storage. Contact with water can cause a violent reaction with heat and formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with boron trifluoride, boron pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, iodine heptafluoride, potassium chlorate. Mixture with hydrogen cyanide may form explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with alkalis. alkali carbonates, acids, salts of lead or silver. At fire temperature conditions. fumes corrode metals. AMMONIUM CHROMATE (7788-98-9) Not combustible but will enhance an existing fire. A powerful oxidizer. A heat- and shock-sensitive explosive. Contact with strong reducing agents such as hydrazine, alcohols, or ethers can cause explosion. Contact with water produces an alkaline solution, with evolution of free ammonia. Violent reaction with combustible materials, finely divided metals, organic substances. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride.
AMMONIUMDICHROMAT (German) (7789-09-5) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles, bases, sodium nitrite. Decomposes at about 356"F/l8OoC, self-sustaining at about 1300°F/704"C; heat causes material to expand dramatically with evolution of heat and nitrogen oxides; swelling may cause closed container to burst explosively. Solution is acidic. Acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides,
98
AMMONIUM DICHROMATE
isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
AMMONIUM DICHROMATE (7789-09-5) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles, bases, sodium nitrite. Decomposes at about 356"F/l8OoC, self-sustaining at about 1 300°F/704"C; heat causes material to expand dramatically with evolution of heat and nitrogen oxides: swelling may cause closed container to burst explosively. Solution is acidic. Acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. AMMONIUM DICHROMATE(V1) (7789-09-5) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles, bases, sodium nitrite. Decomposes at about 356"F/180°C, self-sustaining at about 130OoF/704"C; heat causes material to expand dramatically with evolution of heat and nitrogen oxides; swelling may cause closed container to burst explosively. Solution is acidic. Acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. AMMONIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (7783-28-0) Contact with air slowly forms anhydrous ammonia. Contact with caustics forms anhydrous ammonia gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium chlorate, strong bases. Reacts with antimony(V) pentafluoride. lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. AMMONIUM DISULFATONICKELATE(I1) (15699-18-0) Reacts violently with carbon dust, potassium, finely divided aluminum, magnesium. Incompatible with strong acids, selenium. sulfur. AMMONIUM FERROUS SULFATE (10045-89-3) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine. hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, ammonium perchlorate, mercury(I1) dinitrate, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide, tetranitromethane. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with I ,3-di(%tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. AMMONIUM FLUORIDE (12125-01-8) Contact with water forms hydrochloric acid. Contact with acids forms hydrogen fluoride. Contact with caustics, soluble calcium salts, quinine salts produces ammonia gas. Corrosive to glass, cement, and most metals. Aqueous solution is acidic and incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichloroh ydrin. AMMONIUM FLUOROSILICATE (1309-32-6) Aqueous solution is acidic. Contact with acid or acid fumes forms toxic fluorine. Keep away from strong oxidizers. AMMONIUM FLUORURE (French) (12125-01-8) Contact with water forms hydrochloric acid. Contact with acids forms hydrogen fluoride. Contact with caustics, soluble calcium salts, quinine salts produces ammonia gas. Corrosive to glass, cement, and most metals.
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE
99
Aqueous solution is acidic and incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
AMMONIUM HEXAFLUOROSILICATE (1309-32-6) Aqueous solution is acidic. Contact with acid or acid fumes forms toxic fluorine. Keep away from strong oxidizers.
AMMONIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE (1066-33-7) Violent reaction with acids, forming carbon dioxide. Reacts with strong bases, forming ammonia. Reacts with fluorine, magnesium, sodium hypochlorite.
AMMONIUM HYDROGEN DIFLUORIDE (1341-49-7) Reacts with water, forming a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid. Incompatible with alkalis, acids. Attacks glass, cement, and most metals in the presence of moisture. Flammable hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed spaces. AMMONIUM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE (1341-49-7) Reacts with water, forming a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid. Incompatible with alkalis, acids. Attacks glass, cement, and most metals in the presence of moisture. Flammable hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed spaces.
AMMONIUM HYDROGEN SULFATE or AMMONIUM HYDROGEN SULPHATE (7783-20-2) Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Reacts with caustics, forming ammonia. Violent reaction with potassium chlorate. Hot material reacts with nitrates, nitrites, chlorates. Attacks metals. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Mixture with sodium hypochlorite forms unstable explosive nitrogen trichloride.
AMMONIUM HYDROGEN SULFIDE or AMMONIUM HYDROGEN SULPHIDE (12124-99-1) The anhydrous material [(NH,),S]is pyrophoric in air; it decomposes at room temperature, forming hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Stable below 32"F/OoC.Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with acids forms hydrogen sulfide and/or sulfur dioxide. Contact with strong bases produces ammonia. Corrodes aluminum, brass, copper, zinc, and related alloys; attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The commercial product [a 40% solution in water (NH,HS)] is stable.
AMMONIUM HYDROGEN SULFITE or AMMONIUM HYDROGEN SULPHITE (10192-30-0) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride.
AMMONIUM HYDROSULFITE or AMMONIUM HYDROSULPHITE (10192-30-0) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride.
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE (7664-41-7, anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid; 1336-21-6, solution in water). Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic. hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are
100
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE
formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides. nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides, boron triiodide. bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid. chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, I-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, tluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride. stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride. vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics. and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys.
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE (less than 28% aqueous ammonia) (1336-21-6) Incompatible with strong acids, mineral acids. organic acids, amides, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Corrosive to copper and aluminum, including their alloys, and galvanized surfaces. AMMONIUM HYPO SOLUTION (7783-18-8) Slowly deocniposes in water. Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, potassium. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, isocyanates, strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites (forms ammonia), hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur trioxide gases. AMMONIUM HYPOSULFITE SO1,UTION (7783-18-8) Slowly deocmposes in water. Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, potassium. Incompatible with sulfuric acid. isocyanates, strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites (forms ammonia). hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur trioxide gases. AMMONIUM IODIDE (12027-06-4) Reacts explosively with bromine trifluoride. Incompatible with iodine heptafluoride, potassium. AMMONIUM IRON SULFATE (10045-89-3) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate. hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, ammonium perchlorate, mercury(l1) dinitrate. peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide, tetranitromethane. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1.3-di(S-tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. sodium borohydride. AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE (13106-76-8) Incompatible with alkali metals, molten magnesium, and strong oxidizers. AMMONIUM MONOSULFIDE (12124-99-1) The anhydrous material [ (NH,),S] is pyrophoric in air; i t decomposes at room temperature, forming hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Stable below 32"F/O"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with acids forms hydrogen sulfide and/or sulfur dioxide. Contact with strong bases produces ammonia. Corrodes aluminum, brass, copper. zinc, and related alloys: attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The commercial product [a 40% solution in water (NH,HS)] is stable.
AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE
101
AMMONIUM MONOSULFITE (10192-30-0) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride.
AMMONIUM MURIATE (12125-02-9) Can be self-reactive; explosion may occur when closed containers are opened after long storage. Contact with water can cause a violent reaction with heat and formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with boron trifluoride, boron pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, iodine heptafluoride, potassium chlorate. Mixture with hydrogen cyanide may form explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with alkalis, alkali carbonates, acids, salts of lead or silver. At fire temperature conditions, fumes corrode metals. AMMONIUM NICKEL(I1) SALT (15699-18-0) Reacts violently with carbon dust, potassium, finely divided aluminum, magnesium. Incompatible with strong acids, selenium, sulfur.
AMMONIUM NICKEL SULFATE (15699-18-0)
Reacts violently with carbon dust, potassium, finely divided aluminum, magnesium. Incompatible with strong acids, selenium, sulfur.
AMMONIUM NITRATE (6484-52-2)
A strong oxidizer. An ingredient in dynamite. Violent reaction and/or the formation of explosive mixtures with hot water, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, ammonium dichromate, barium chloride, barium nitrate, charcoal, cyanoguanidine, phosphorus, potassium chromate, potassium dichromate, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate, sodium chloride, finely divided metals. Forms explosive or heat- and shock-sensitive compounds with acetic acid, alkali metals (potassium, sodium, etc.), ammonia, nitric acid, sodium hypochlorite, sulfur, urea. At elevated temperatures, contained or confined material may explode violently.
AMMONIUM OXALATE (6009-70-7) Forms explosive compound with sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with furfuryl alcohol, silver, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite. Attacks many metals. AMMONIUM OXALATE, DIAMMONIUM SALT (1113-38-8) Forms explosive compound with sodium hypochlorite. Attacks many metals.
AMMONIUM OXALATE, MONOHYDRATE (6009-70-7) Forms explosive compound with sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with furfuryl alcohol, silver, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite. Attacks many metals.
AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE (7790-98-9) A powerful oxidizer. An explosion hazard; sensitive to friction, impact, shock, and heat. Often contains the highly sensitive and explosive nitryl perchlorate as an impurity. Likewise, small amounts of porussi~inzperiodate will increase impact sensitivity. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials. Shock-sensitive materials formed on contact with ferrocene S, organic matter, metal powders, potassium permanganate, sulfur. At elevated temperatures, contained or confined material may explode violently. Contact with many materials in the presence of heat can cause a violent reaction, including explosion.
102
AMMONIUM PERMANGANATE
AMMONIUM PERMANGANATE (13446-10-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30°F/- 1 "C). A strong oxidizer. Shock-sensitive; may explode from impact and/or at elevated temperatures (above 135"F/57"C). Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, other oxidizers. Keep away from sunlight, acetic acid, acetic anhydride. AMMONIUM PEROXYDISULFATE (7727-54-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with combustibles. reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided and powdered metals with risk of fire and explosion. Mixture with sodium peroxide produces a friction-, heat-, and watersensitive explosive. AMMONIUM PERSULFATE (7727-54-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with combustibles, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided and powdered metals with risk of fire and explosion. Mixture with sodium peroxide produces a friction-, heat-, and water-sensitive explosive. AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE or sec-AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE (7783-28-0) Contact with air slowly forms anhydrous ammonia. Contact with caustics forms anhydrous ammonia gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium chlorate, strong bases. Reacts with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium. silver nitrate, zinc acetate. AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC (7783-28-0) Contact with air slowly forms anhydrous ammonia. Contact with caustics forms anhydrous ammonia gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium chlorate, strong bases. Reacts with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. AMMONIUM PICRATE (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 250"F/l2 1 "C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%: 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts. AMMONIUM PICRATE WETTED WITH MORE THAN 10% WATER (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 250°F/121"C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals. strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts. AMMONIUM PICRATE (YELLOW) (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 2SO0F/121"C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster
AMMONIUM SULFATE
103
produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts.
AMMONIUM PICRONITRATE (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 25OoF/121"C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts. AMMONIUM RHODANIDE (1762-95-4) Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates, lead nitrate, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate. Decomposes in light. Highly corrosive to brass, copper, iron. AMMONIUM SALZ der AMIDOSULFONSAEURE (German) (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 32O"F/16O0C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMONIUM SILICOFLUORIDE (1309-32-6) Aqueous solution is acidic. Contact with acid or acid fumes forms toxic fluorine. Keep away from strong oxidizers.
AMMONIUM SILICON FLUORIDE (1309-32-6) Aqueous solution is acidic. Contact with acid or acid fumes forms toxic fluorine. Keep away from strong oxidizers.
AMMONIUM STEARATE or AMMONIUM STEARATE DISPERSION (1002-89-7) Combustible solid (flash point l4OoF/60"C). Dust and powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chlorine trifluoride, magnesium, potassium nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with nitrates. Forms a heat-sensitive explosive with 5-azidotetrazole. Reacts with gold chloride, forming fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with sodium dichloroisocyanurate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
AMMONIUM SULFAMATE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320"Fll 60°C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMONIUM SULFATE (7783-20-2) Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Reacts with caustics, forming ammonia. Violent reaction with potassium chlorate. Hot material reacts with nitrates, nitrites, chlorates. Attacks metals. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene
104
AMMONIUM SULFHYDRATE
oxides, epichlorohydrin. Mixture with sodium hypochlorite forms unstable explosive nitrogen trichloride.
AMMONIUM SULFHYDRATE (12124-99-1) The anhydrous material [(NH,),S] is pyrophoric in air; it decomposes at room temperature, forming hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Stable below 32"F/OoC. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with acids forms hydrogen sulfide andlor sulfur dioxide. Contact with strong bases produces ammonia. Corrodes aluminum, brass, copper, zinc, and related alloys; attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The commercial product [a 40% solution in water (NH,HS)] is stable. AMMONIUM SULFIDE (12124-99-1) The anhydrous material [(NH,),S] is pyrophoric in air; it decomposes at room temperature. forming hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Stable below 32"F/0°C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with acids forms hydrogen sulfide and/or sulfur dioxide. Contact with strong bases produces ammonia. Corrodes aluminum, brass. copper, zinc, and related alloys; attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The commercial product [a 40% solution in water (NH,HS)] is stable. AMMONIUM SULFITE (10196-04-0) Aqueous solution is a base and evolves hydrogen sulfide or ammonia, depending on pH. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide; reacts with bases. forming ammonia. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride. Attacks aluminum. brass, bronze, copper, tin, zinc in the presence of moisture. AMMONIUM SULPHAMATE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and cxplosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320"F/160°C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMMONIUM SULPHATE (7783-20-2) Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Reacts with caustics, forming ammonia. Violent reaction with potassium chlorate. Hot material reacts with nitrates, nitrites, chlorates. Attacks metals. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Mixture with sodium hypochlorite forms unstable explosive nitrogen trichloride. AMMONIUM SULFOCYANATE (1762-95-4) Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates. lead nitrate, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate. Decomposes in light. Highly corrosive to brass, copper, iron. AMMONIUM SULFOCYANIDE (1762-95-4) Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates, lead nitrate, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, potassium chlorate. sodium chlorate. Decomposes in light. Highly corrosive to brass. copper, iron. AMMONIUM THIOCYANATE (1762-95-4) Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates, lead nitrate, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate. Decomposes in light. Highly corrosive to brass, copper. iron.
AMMONIUM THIOSULFATE SOLUTION (60% OR LESS) (7783-18-8) Slowly deocmposes in water. Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, potassium. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, isocyanates, strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites (forms ammonia), hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur trioxide gases. AMOIL@(131-18-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/I 18°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. AMONIACO ANHIDRO (Spanish) (7664-41-7) Anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid. Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chrornylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys. AMORPHOUS SILICA (68855-54-9; 61790-53-2; 112945-52-5, fumed; 7631-86-9, hydrated; 60676-86-0, fused) Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen difluoride, peroxides, or chlorine trifluoride may cause fire. Incompatible with strong acids. AMOXONE (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/1SOT, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidiiers, alkalis. AMP@(124-68-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrdte, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. AMP-95@(124-68-5) Combustible liquid (flash point IS3"F/67"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride.
AMS (98-83-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 129"F/54"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, butyl lithium, oleum, xenon tetrafluoride. Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Incompatible with acids. Reacts with heat and/or lack of appropriate
106
AMS
inhibitor concentration, and/or contact with catalysts for vinyl or ionic polymerization, such as aluminum. iron chloride, or 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
AMS (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320"F/I 60°C. but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. AMSPEC-KR@(1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 420°F/2 15°C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids). o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds. AMTHIO (1762-95-4) Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorates, nitrates, lead nitrate. nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, potassium chlorate. sodium chlorate. Decomposes in light. Highly corrosive to brass, copper. iron. AMYAZETAT (German) (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 60°F/l 6°C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids. nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. AMYL ACETATE or sec-AMYL ACETATE (626-38-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 89"F/32"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. strong alkalis. Attacks many plastics. n-AMYL ACETATE (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6OoF/16°C). High heat may lead to instability. Kcacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics. coatings, and rubber. tert-AMYL ACETATE (625-16-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"Cj. Violent reaction with strong oxidixrs. Incompatible with nitrates, alkalis, and acids. May attack certain plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AMYL ACETATE, MIXED ISOMERS (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 60"F/16"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. AMYLACETIC ESTER (626-38-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point XTF/32"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. strong alkalis. Attacks many plastics. AMYLACETLC ESTER (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/2SUC).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis. strong
acids. nitrates. Attacks asbestos; softens and dissolves inany plastics, rubber, and coatings.
tert-AMYLALCOHOL orfert-Pz-AMYLALCOHOL
107
AMYL ACETIC ETHER (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 60°F/16"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. AMYL ALCOHOL (71-41-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. 1-AMYL ALCOHOL or n-AMYL ALCOHOL or AMYL ALCOHOL, NORMAL (7141-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals. forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. prim-n-AMYL ALCOHOL (71-41-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals. also forniing hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. sec-AMYL ALCOHOL or sec-n-AMYL ALCOHOL (6032-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid. isopropyl chlorocarbonate. lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. tert-AMYL ALCOHOL or tert-n-AMYL ALCOHOL (75-85-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O5"F/4l0Ccc). Contact with strong oxidizers or hydrogen trisulfide may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with alkaline earth metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
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n-AMYLAMINE
n-AMYLAMINE (110-58-7) forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30"F/- 1"C; also reported at 4S0F/7"C oc). A weak base. Keep away from heat, sunlight. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones. aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, crcsols, caprolactum solution. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. AMYL ALDEHYDE (110-62-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. lncompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines. AMYL BROMIDE (107-81-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids. AMYL CARBINOL or n-AMYL CARBINOL (111-27-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 14S0F/63"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde. benzoyl peroxide. chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide. pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide. tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobuty laluminum. AMYL CHLORIDE or n-AMYL CHLORIDE (543-59-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point SS0F/13"C oc). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. On contact with acids or acid fumes, or when heated to decomposition, produces highly toxic chloride fumes and deadly phosgene gas. Attacks austenitic stainless steels in the presence of moisture. AMYLENE or a-n-AMYLENE (109-67-1) Forms exploqive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- 1 X T ) . Able to polymerize on standing. Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AMYLENE DIMER (16736-42-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1 X°F/48"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AMYLENE HYDRATE (75-85-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 0S°F/4 I "C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers or hydrogen trisulfide may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with alkaline earth metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AMYL ETHER or n-AMYI, ETHER (693-65-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 134"F/S6"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Ethers can form unstable and explosive peroxides upon standing.
AMYL METHYL KETONE or 71-AMYL METHYL KETONE
109
AMYL ETHYL KETONE (541-85-5)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 10°F/43"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with aldehydes, sulfuric acid, aliphatic amines.
AMYL HYDRIDE (109-66-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4O"F/ -40°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
AMYL HYDROSULFIDE (110-66-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6S0F/18"C). Ignites on contact with concentrated nitric acid. Contact with water, steam, or acids produces toxic and flammable vapors. Incompatible with oxidizers, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite.
AMYL MERCAPTAN or n-AMYL MERCAPTAN (110-66-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6S0F/18"C). Ignites on contact with Concentrated nitric acid. Contact with water, steam, or acids produces toxic and flammable vapors. Incompatible with oxidizers, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite.
AMYL METHYL ALCOHOL (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 106"F/4loC).Contact with alkali metals produces flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals, strong acids, strong caustics. aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges duc to low conductivity.
AMYL METHYL CARBINOL (543-49-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 160°F/7I "C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic aniines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conduitivity. AMYL-METHYL-CETONE (French) (110-43-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/38"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide. nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
AMYL METHYL KETONE or n-AMYL METHYL KETONE (110-43-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O2"FBS"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
110
~ I - A M Y LNITRATE
12-AMYL NITRATE (1002-16-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 l8"F/ 48°C). Prolonged contact with air, water, strong light may cause decomposition. An oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong acids, combustibles. Attacks some plastics. rubber. or coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. AMYL NITRITE (463-04-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point SO"F110"C). Slowly decomposes in light, air, or water, producing oxides of nitrogen. Reported to be an explosion hazard when exposed to air and light. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and other easily oxidizable materials. Keep away from alcohols, antipyrine, alkaline materials, alkaline carbonates, potassium iodide, bromides. and ferrous salts. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. iso-AMYL NITRITE (110-46-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/ - 18°C). Prolonged contact with light, air. or water: causes decomposition, producing oxides of' nitrogen. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and other strong oxidizers. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. AMYLOL (71-41-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromiuni oxide, dialkylzincs. dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide. hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide. pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. P-AMYLOSE (9004-34-6) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium nitrate. fluorine, strong oxidizers. p-tert-AMYLPHENOL (80-46-6) Combustible solid (flash point 233"F/1 12°C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AMYI, PHTHALATE (131-18-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 24S"Fll 18°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids. nitrates. Attacks some plastics. rubber. and coatings. n-AMYI, PKOPIONATE (624-54-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point IOh"F/4 I "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates, strong acids. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AMYL SULFHYDRATE (110-66-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6S"F/I 8°C). Ignites on contact with concentrated nitric acid. Contact with water, steam. o r acids produces toxic and flammable vapors. Incompatible with oxidizers, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite. AMYL THIOALCOHOI, (110-66-7) Forin\ explosive mixture with air (fla5h point 6S"P/18"C) Ignites on contact with concentrated nitiic acid Contact with water. steam. or
ANAMENTH@
111
acids produces toxic and flammable vapors. Incompatible with oxidizers, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite.
AMYL TRICHLOROSILANE or n-AMYI, TRICHLOROSILANE (107-72-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 14YF162"C). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen.
AN (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/I 74°C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the o- ory-position).
AN (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/0°C oc). May polymerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide. di-felt-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers, amines, 2-aminoethano1, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, copper alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
ANAESTHETIC ETHER (60-29-7)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49"F/-45"C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%),silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANAMENTH@ (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals. open Hame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas. and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate. trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
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ANATASE
ANATASE (13463-67-7) Powders or dust react with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with aluminum, calcium, hydrazine. lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, especially at elevated temperatures. Dust or powder can ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. ANCHRED STANDARD (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization). calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys.
ANESTHENYL (109-87-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -26"F/ --32"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANESTHESIA ETHER (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49"F/-4S°C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds. trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%), silver perchlorate. triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANESTHETIC ETHER (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixturc with air (flash point -49"F/-4S0C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triaiide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide. sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%). silver perchlorate. triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-. impact-, and friction-sensitive. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANHIDRID0 ACETIC0 (Spanish) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I26"F/S2"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g.. potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide. I ,3-diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, tetrafluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines, 2-aminoethanol, aniline. chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene dianiine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals. glycerol, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, olenm, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@, rubbers including natural, nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANHYDRIDE PHTALIQUE
113
ANHYDRIDE ACETIQUE (French) (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1,3-diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, fluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines, 2-aminoethanol, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid. chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers. perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@,rubbers including natural. nitrile. and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANHYDRIDE ARSENIEUX (French) (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ANHYDRIDE ARSENIQUE (French) (1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. ANHYDRIDE CARBONIQUE (French) (124-38-9) Reacts violently with strong bases and alkali metals. Metal dusts of chemically active metals such as aluminum, chromium. manganese, magnesium, titanium, zirconium are ignitable and explosive when suspended and heated in carbon dioxide. Incompatible with acrolein, amines, anhydrous ammonia, aziridine, metal acetylides, cesium monoxide, lithium, potassium, sodium, sodium carbide, sodiumpotassium alloy, sodium peroxide, titanium. High flow or discharge rates from storage cylinders or fire extinguishers can cause buildup of static electricity, which can produce sparks and ignite any flammables or explosives. ANHYDRIDE CHROMIQUE (French) (1333-82-0) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetone, alcohols, anthracene, ammonia, arsenic, chromous sulfide, diethyl ether. dimethyl formamide, ethanol. halogens, hydrogen sulfide, methanol, naphthalene. camphor, ethers, glycerol, potassium ferricyanide, organic solvents, potassium, potassium ferricyanate, pyridine. selenium, sodium, sulfur, turpentine. Solid material is corrosive to many metals. Aqueous solution is strongly acidic; violent reaction with bases; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Elevated temperatures above 39OoF/198"C cause decomposition with release of oxygen and chromic oxide, with increased fire hazard. ANHYDRIDE PHTALIQUE (French) (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/ 152°C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous
114
ANHIDRIDO ACETIC0
ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate. 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriazene (explodes). ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, rodiuni peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines. 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)-2-propen- 1-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow o r agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANHIDRIDO ACETIC0 (Spanish) (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/S2"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1.3-diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, fluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia. amines, 2-aminoethanol, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol. hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton@, rubbers including natural. nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANHIDRIDO FTALICO (Spanish) (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/ 152°C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1 ,'-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriar.ene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines. 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)-2-propen- 1-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate. sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANHIDRIDO PROPIONICO (Spanish) (123-62-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 14S0F/63"C).Reacts with water, evolving heat and forming propionic acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. ANHYDROFLUORIC ACID (7664-39-3) Anhydrous gas reacts with water, evolving much heat. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, alkalis, 2-amino ethanol, arsenic trioxide, bismuthic acid, calcium oxide, chlorosulfonic acid, cyanogen fluoride, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, fluorine, nitrogen trifluoride, N-phenylazopiperidine. oleuni, oxygen difluoride, nphenylazopiperidine, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium permanganate, potassium tetrafluorosilicate(2), P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, sodium, sodium tetrafluorosilicate, sulfuric acid. vinyl acetate. Reacts, possibly violently. with aliphatic amines, alcohols, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic m i n e s . ainides. ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides. metal silicides. methanesulfonic acid, organic anhydrides. oxides, silicon compounds. vinylidene fluoride. Attacks glass and siliceous materials, concrete, ceramics, mctals
ANIDRIDE CHROMICA
115
(flammable hydrogen gas may be produced), metal alloys, some plastics, rubber, coatings, and most other materials except lead, platinum, polyethylene, wax.
ANHYDROL (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 55"F/13"C; 68"F/20°C (80%); 72"F/22"C (60%); 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-terf-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANHYDRONE (10034-81-8) A powerful oxidizer. Potentially violent or explosive reaction with reducing agents, alcohols, ammonia gas, argon (wet), butyl fluorides, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene oxide, fluorobutane (wet), fuels, hydrazines, hydrocarbons. mineral acids, powdered metals, organic matter, phosphorus, trimethyl phosphite. Mixture with ethanol forms explosive ethyl perchlorate. Incompatible with alkenes, and many other materials. Shock may cause magnesium perchlorate to explode.
ANIDRIDE ACETICA (Italian) (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol, forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1,3-diphenyItriazine, peroxyacetic acid, fluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines, 2-aminoethanol, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some plastics including PVC and Viton', rubbers including natural, nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANIDRIDE CHROMICA (Italian) (1333-82-0) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetone, alcohols, anthracene, ammonia, arsenic, chromous sulfide, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide, ethanol, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, methanol, naphthalene, camphor, ethers, glycerol, potassium ferricyanide, organic solvents, potassium, potassium ferricyanate, pyridine, selenium, sodium, sulfur, turpentine. Solid material is corrosive to many metals. Aqueous solution is strongly acidic; violent reaction with bases; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Elevated temperatures above 39OoF/198"C cause decomposition with release of oxygen and chromic oxide, with increased fire hazard.
116
ANIDRIDE FTALICA
ANIDRIDE FTALICA (Italian) (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/152"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, I ,3-diphenyltriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, I ,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadicnyl iron)-2-propen- I-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANILINA (Spanish) (62-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C).Unless inhibited (usually by methanol), readily able to polymerize. Violent reaction, including the possibility of fire, explosion, and the formation of heat- or shock-sensitive compounds may result from contact with acetic anhydride, benzene diazonium-2-carboxylate, aldehydes, alkalis, benzenamine hydrochloride. boron trichloride, 1-bromo-2,S-pyrrolidinedione, chlorosulfonic acid, dibenzoyl peroxide, lluorine nitrate, halogens. hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, o h m , oxidizers, organic anhydrides, ozone, perchloryl fluoride, perchromates, potassium peroxide, P-propiolactone, sodium peroxide, strong acids, trichloromelamine. Strong reaction with toluene diisocyanate. Reacts with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with copper and copper alloys. ANILINE (62-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C). Unless inhibited (usually by methanol), readily able to polymcrize. Violent reaction, including the possibility of fire, explosion, and the formation of heat- or shock-sensitive compounds may result from contact with acetic anhydride, benzene diazonium-2-carboxylate. aldehydes, alkalis, benzenamine hydrochloride, boron trichloride, 1-bromo-2,S-pyrrolidinedione, chlorosulfonic acid, dibenzoyl peroxide, fluorine nitrate, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, o h m , oxidizers, organic anhydrides, ozone, perchloryl fluoride, perchromates, potassium peroxide, P-propiolactone, sodium peroxide, strong acids, trichloromelamine. Strong reaction with toluene diisocyanate. Reacts with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with copper and copper alloys. ANILINE CHLORIDE (142-04-1) Combustible solid (flash point 379"FlI 93°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms hydrochloric acid and aniline. ANILINE, 2,6-DIETHYL (579-66-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 254"F/123"C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, mineral acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, strong oxidizers. ANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE (142-04-1) Combustible solid (flash point 379"F/ 193°C).Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms hydrochloric acid and aniline. ANILINE OIL (62-53-3) combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC). Unless inhibited (usually by methanol), readily able to polymerize. Violent reaction, including the possibility of fire, explosion, and the formation of heat- or shock-sensitive compounds may result from contact with acetic anhydride. benzene diazonium-2-carboxylate, aldehydes, alkalis, benzenamine hydrochloride, boron trichloride, l-bromo-2,S-pyrrolidinedione, chlorosulfonic
ANILINOETHANE
117
acid, dibenzoyl peroxide, fluorine nitrate, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, oleum, oxidizers, organic anhydrides, ozone, perchloryl fluoride, perchromates, potassium peroxide, P-propiolactone, sodium peroxide, strong acids, trichloromelamine. Strong reaction with toluene diisocyanate. Reacts with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with copper and copper alloys.
ANILINE, N-PHENYL (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine, trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point, liquid 307"F/153"Coc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (forms salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and poly-nitro products. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
ANILINE SALT (142-04-1) Combustible solid (flash point 379"F/193"C).Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms hydrochloric acid and aniline.
ANILINE-4-SULFONIC ACID (121-57-3) Decomposes on contact with strong acids, forming sulfur trioxide. Aqueous solution is acidic: violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. ANILINE-p-SULFONIC ACID (121-57-3) Decomposes on contact with strong acids, forming sulfur trioxide. Aqueous solution is acidic; violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. ANILINIUM CHLORIDE (142-04-1) Combustible solid (flash point 37Y0F/193"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms hydrochloric acid and aniline.
ANILINOBENZENE (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine, trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point, liquid 307"F/I53"Coc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (forms salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and poly-nitro products. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
(103-69-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Decomposes on contact with sunlight or air. Reacts violently with strong oxidiLers, strong acids, acid fumes, nitric acid, with risk of fire, explosion, and possible formation of toxic vapors of aniline and oxides of nitrogen.
ANILINOETHANE
118
ANILINOMETHANE
ANILINOMETHANE (100-61-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 14NILINONAPHTHALENE (90-30-2) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. o-ANISIC ACID (119-36-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong oxidizers. ANISOLE (100-66-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 125"F/5I0C oc). Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANISOYL CHLORIDE (100-07-2) Combustible solid. Decomposes at room temperature; tightly closed containers may explode. Decomposes in water or alcohol, producing hydrochloric acid. Acids or acid fumes can cause decomposition, producing hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, producing hydrogen gas. p-ANISOYL CHLORIDE (100-07-2) Combustible solid. Decomposes at room temperature; tightly closed containers may explode. Decomposes in water or alcohol, producing hydrochloric acid. Acids or acid fumes can cause decomposition, producing hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, producing hydrogen gas. ANNAMENE (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/3l0Cj. Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15 1 "F/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(fertbutylperoxy jhexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics. rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. ANODYNON (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58%-5OoC). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANOFEX@(50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers. ANOL (108-94-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 11I0F/44"C). Incompatible with amines. oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid
o-ANISIDINE
119
above 16S°F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ANOL (108-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S4"F/6S0C).Contact with oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with chromium trioxide, nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. ANONE (108-94-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1 1°F/44"C). Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid above 16S0F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANOZOL (84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/1 17°C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic. ANPROLENE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point - 4 T - 20°C). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically andor polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidiLers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymeriiation can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, m-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/10ODC.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANSAR (75-60-5) Aqueous solution reacts with chemically active metals. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ANSAR 160 (124-65-2) Reacts with strong acids, emitting arsenic fumes. Corrodes common metals. 2-ANSIDINE (90-04-0) Combustible liquid (flash point >212"F/> 1 OOOC). Heat contributes to instability. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some coatings, and some forms of plastic and rubber. o-ANISIDINE (90-04-0) Combustible liquid (tlash point >2 12"F/> 100°C). Heat contributes to instability. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene
120
o-ANISYLAMINE
dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some coatings. and some forms of plastic and rubber. o-ANISYLAMINE (90-04-0) Combustiblc liquid (flash point >212"F/> l0O0C). Heat contributes to instability. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin. ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with nialeic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some coatings. and some forms of plastic and rubber. ANSUL ETHER 121 (110-71-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 29"F/ -2°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, lithium tetrahydroaluminate. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, isocyanates. May be able to forin unstable peroxides upon standing. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANTAKO (112-30-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 80°F/82"C oc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid. chromium trioxide. dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid. nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates. peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil. triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. ANTHION (7727-21-1) A powerful oxidizer. Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of inany materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and cxplosions. Elevated temperatures [>212"F/100"C or > I 22"F/SO0C (in solution)] liberate oxygen, and hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid vapors. Reacts violently with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers. glycols, organic substances or other readily oxidizable materials, phenyl hydride, sulfur, nietallic dusts such as aluminum. magnesium, zirconium, etc. Attacks chemically active metals. ANTHIUM DIOXCIDE (10049-04-4) Highly reactive. A powerful oxidizer; reacts violently wJithreducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, dust. Reacts with water or steam. forming perchloric acid and hydrogen chloride. Chlorine dioxide gas is explosive at concentrations over 10% and can be ignited by alinost any form of energy, including sunlight, heat (explosions can occur in air in temperatures above 266"F/1 30°C), sparks, shock, friction, or concussion. Explosive reaction with carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide. mercury, phosphorus, sugar, sulfur, catalysts, and inany other materials. The gas may explode on contact with fluorine, fluoraniines. The liquid explodes on contact with caustics, mercury, metal hydrides. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ANTHON (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel. ANTHRACEN (German) (120-12-7) Dust or fine powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers. chromic acid, calcium hypochlorite may cause violent reactions.
ANTIKNOCK-33
121
ANTHRACENE (120-12-7) Dust or fine powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers, chromic acid, calcium hypochlorite may cause violent reactions. ANTRACENO (Spanish) (120-12-7) Dust or fine powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers, chromic acid, calcium hypochlorite may cause violent reactions. ANTHRACIN (120-12-7) Dust or fine powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers, chromic acid, calcium hypochlorite may cause violent reactions. ANTIBULITO (7681-49-4) Reacts with acids. forming hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solution attacks glass, and reacts violently with xenon hexafluoride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ANTICARIE (118-74-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 467"F/242"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Inconipatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. ANTICHLOR (10102-17-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal nitrates, nitrites. Forms explosive product with potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate. Reacts with acids, forming sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogens. ANTIFEBRIN (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/I74"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on ring in the o- or p-position). ANTIFORMIN (7681-52-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer and strong base. Violent reaction with strong acids (giving off chlorine gas), reducing agents, combustible substances, organic substances, benzyl cyanide, hydroxylamine. Decomposes in sunlight, producing oxygen with increased risk of fire. Stability is reduced with concentration, heat, light, decrease in pH, and contamination with metals. Contact with amines and ammonia salts produces explosive chloroamines. Reaction with ammonium sulfate forms explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reacts with urea, forming explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrolein, a c q lates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, m-bis(trichlormethyI)benzene, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 1 , l -dichloro- I -nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, s-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes many metals: steel. 12% and 17% chrome steel. cast iron. monel, aluminum, nickel, brass, bronze. iconel, titanium. ANTIKNOCK-33 (12108-13-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 230°F/I 10°C cc). Ignites spontaneously in air. Sunlight causes rapid decomposition. Reacts with water or steam, producing toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen tetroxide. Incompatible with strong acids, hydroxylamine.
122
ANTIMIMONWASSERSTOFFES
ANTIMIMONWASSERSTOFFES (German) (7803-52-3) Flammable and thermally unstable gas. Reacts with moisture, forming explosive hydrogen. Elevated temperatures above 390°F/198°C can cause fire and explosion. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, halogenated hydrocarbons, ozone. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonia.
ANTIMOINE (TRICHLORURE d') (French) (10025-91-9) Contact with moist air forms corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Contact with water, steam forms hydrochloric acid and toxic antimony oxychloride. Violent reaction with ammonia, strong bases, alkali metals, finely divided aluminum, potassium, sodium. Attacks metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas in the presence of moisture. ANTIMONIAL SAFFRON (1315-04-4) Contact with moisture, water, steam, or acids forms toxic and flammable gases, including hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Explosion may be caused by shock or on contact with powerful oxidizers. ANTIMONIC CHLORIDE (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water, or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 17 1"F/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors.
ANTIMONIC SULFIDE (1315-04-4) Contact with moisture, water, steam, or acids forms toxic and flammable gases, including hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Explosion may be caused by shock or on contact with powerful oxidizers. ANTIMONIO (PENTACLORURO di) (Italian) (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 17loF/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloiide. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors.
ANTIMONIO (TRICHLORURO di) (Italian) (10025-91-9)
Contact with moist air forms corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Contact with water, steam forms hydrochloric acid and toxic antimony oxychloride. Violent reaction with ammonia, strong bases, alkali metals, finely divided aluminum, potassium, sodium. Attacks metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas in the presence of moisture.
ANTIMONOUS BROMIDE (7789-61-9) Decomposed by light, air, and alcohol. Contact with moist air, water, steam, or alcohol produces corrosive hydrogen bromide and antimony trioxide. Violent reaction with bases, potassium, sodium.
ANTIMONOUS CHLORIDE (10025-91-9)
Contact with moist air forms corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Contact with water, steam forms hydrochloric acid and toxic antimony oxychloride. Violent reaction with ammonia, strong bases, alkali metals, finely divided aluminum, potassium, sodium. Attacks metals, forniing explosive hydrogen gas in the presence of moisture.
ANTIMONY HYDRIDE
123
ANTIMONOUS OXIDE (1309-64-4) Ignites and bums in heated air above 420°F/215"C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds. ANTIMONPENTACHLORID (German) (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water, or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 171"F/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors.
ANTIMONY or ANTIMONY BLACK (7440-36-0) Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers and acids, especially halogenated acids, producing toxic stibine gas (antimony hydride). Reacts violently with ammonium nitrate, bromine, bromine azide, bromine tri fluoride, bromoazide, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, disulfur dibromide, fluorine, halogens, iodine, iodine pentafluoride, nitrosyl fluoride, nitryl fluoride, potassium dioxide, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium peroxide. Forms explosive N-chlorodimethylamines with chloric and perchloric acid.
ANTIMONY BUTTER (10025-91-9) Contact with moist air forms corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Contact with water, steam forms hydrochloric acid and toxic antimony oxychloride. Violent reaction with ammonia, strong bases, alkali metals, finely divided aluminum, potassium, sodium. Attacks metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas in the presence of moisture.
ANTIMONY(II1) CHLORIDE (10025-91-9) Contact with moist air forms corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Contact with water, steam forms hydrochloric acid and toxic antimony oxychloride. Violent reaction with ammonia, strong bases, alkali metals, finely divided aluminum, potassium, sodium. Attacks metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas in the presence of moisture. ANTIMONY(V) CHLORIDE (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water, or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 17loF/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors.
ANTIMONY FLUORIDE (7783-70-2) Contact with moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen fluoride. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible organic and siliceous materials, phosphorus and phosphate materials. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture with formation of hydrogen fluoride and explosive hydrogen gas. Severe corrosion of glass. ANTIMONY(V) FLUORIDE (7783-70-2) Contact with moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen fluoride. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible organic and siliceous materials, phosphorus and phosphate materials. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture with formation of hydrogen fluoride and explosive hydrogen gas. Severe corrosion of glass.
ANTIMONY HYDRIDE (7803-52-3) Flammable and thermally unstable gas. Reacts with moisture, forming explosive hydrogen. Elevated temperatures above 390°F/198°C can cause
124
ANTIMONY(II1) OXIDE
fire and explosion. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, halogenated hydrocarbons, ozone. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonia.
ANTIMONY(II1) OXIDE (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 42OoF/215"C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycolq, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds. ANTIMONY PENTACHLORIDE (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water. or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogcn chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 17 1 "F/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air. forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors. ANTIMONY PENTAFLUORIDE (7783-70-2) Contact with moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen fluoride. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible organic and siliceous materials, phosphorus and phosphate materials. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture with formation of hydrogen fluoride and explosive hydrogen gas. Severe corrosion of glass. ANTIMONY(V) PENTAFLUORIDE (7783-70-2) Contact with moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen fluoride. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible organic and siliceous tnaterials, phosphorus and phosphate materials. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture with formation of hydrogen fluoride and explosive hydrogen gas. Severe corrosion of glass. ANTIMONY PENTASULFIDE (1315-04-4) Contact with moisture, water, steam, or acids forms toxic and flammable gases, including hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Explosion may be caused by shock or on contact with powerful oxidizers. ANTIMONY PERCHLORIDE (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water, or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above I7 1"F/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors. ANTIMONY PEROXIDE (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 42O0F/21S0C. Violent reaction with bromine tritluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcoholalglycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds. ANTIMONY RED (1315-04-4) Contact with moisture, water, steam, or acids forms toxic and flammable gases, including hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Explosion may be caused by shock or on contact with powerful oxidizers. ANTIMONY, REGULUS (7440-36-0) Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers and acids, especially halogenated acids, producing toxic atibine gas (antimony hydride). Reacts violently with ammonium nitrate, bromine,
ANTI-RUST
125
bromine azide, bromine trifluoride, bromoazide, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, disulfur dibromide, fluorine, halogens, iodine, iodine pentafluoride, nitrosyl fluoride, nitryl fluoride, potassium dioxide, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium peroxide. Forms explosive N-chlorodimethylamines with chloric and perchloric acid.
ANTIMONY SESQUIOXIDE (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns i n heated air above 420°F/215°C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds.
ANTIMONY SULFIDE (1315-04-4) Contact with moisture, water, steam, or acids forms toxic and flammable gases, including hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Explosion may be caused by shock or on contact with powerful oxidizers. ANTIMONY TRIBROMIDE (7789-61-9) Decomposed by light, air, and alcohol. Contact with moist air, water, steam, or alcohol produces corrosive hydrogen bromide and antimony trioxide. Violent reaction with bases, potassium, sodium.
ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE (10025-91-9) Contact with moist air forms corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Contact with water, steam forms hydrochloric acid and toxic antimony oxychloride. Violent reaction with ammonia. strong bases, alkali metals, finely divided aluminum, potassium, sodium. Attacks metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas in the presence of moisture. ANTIMONY TRIHYDRIDE (7803-52-3) Flammable and thermally unstable gas. Reacts with moisture, forming explosive hydrogen. Elevated temperatures above 390°F/1 98°C can cause fire and explosion. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, halogenated hydrocarbons, ozone. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonia. Ignites and burns in heated air above 420"F/ 215°C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/gIycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids). o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds.
ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE (1309-64-4)
ANTIREN (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point I 90°F/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano-l,2,4-oxadiazol-S-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide. Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, inaleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc.
ANTI-RUST (7632-00-0) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures cause decomposition, emitting oxygen; explosion above 1000"F/537"C. Contact with moisture causes dissociation; nitrite ions are oxidized to nitrates; also, moist air causes slow oxidation to nitrate. A strong oxidizer, but under certain conditions the material can also act as a strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, cellulose, sodium amide. Reacts with acids, acrolein,
126
ANTISAL LA
alcohols, butadiene, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, cyanides, I , 1 -dichloro-1 -nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fuels, glycols, lithium, phthalic acid, powdered metals, s-trioxane, and many other substances. Forms heat- and/or frictionsensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organic substances. Incompatible with ammonium or aminoguanidine salts, barium thiocyanate, m-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, mercury cyanide, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, potassium ferricyanide, potassium ferrocyanide, sodium disulfite, sodium nitroferricyanide, sodium thiocyanate, sodium thiosulfate, urea.
ANTISAL LA (108-88-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, bromine trifluoride, chlorine, hydrochloric acid-suldinitrogen tetraoxide, furic acid mixture, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-irnidazolididione, fluorine, nitric acid (conc.), nitrogen dioxide, silver chloride, sulfur dichloride, uranium fluoride, vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with strong acids, strong oxidizers, silver perchlorate, tetranitromethane. Incompatible with bis-toluenediazo oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ANTIVERM (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. ANTOX (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 42OoF/215"C.Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polybydroxy compounds. ANTU (86-88-4) Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with silver nitrate. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with hexanitroethane. ANTURAT (86-88-4) Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with silver nitrate. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with hexanitroethane. ANZON-TMS (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 42OoF/215"C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohoMglycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds. AP 50 (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 42OoF/215"C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols. polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds.
2 AP (504-29-0) Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Aqueous solutions incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate.
AQUA FORTIS
127
APARASIN@(58-89-9) Noncombustible: however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. APAVLNPHOS@ (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. APEX 462-5@(126-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230°F/> 1IO'C). Incompatible with acids, bases, strong oxidizers. APHAMITE@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. APHTIRIA (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The Rash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. APLIDAL (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. APTAL (59-50-7) Combustible solid (flash point 244"F/118"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers and sodium hydroxide. Attacks active metals, aluminum, copper, etc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AQUA CARE or AQUA CARE HP (57-13-6) Heat or contact with hot surfaces forms anhydrous ammonia and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, inorganic chlorides, chlorites, chromyl chloride, dichromates, dicyanofurazan, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, lead dioxide, nitrates, nitrites, permanganates, perchlorates, triethylenetetramine. Ignition or explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate, chromyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride. Contact with hexanitroethane, perchloryl fluoride, sodium perchlorate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, hypochlorites, and other chlorinating agents can form the highly explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with oxalic acid, phosphorus pentachloride, sodium dichlorocyanurate. AQUACHLORAL (302-17-0) Reacts with strong bases, producing chloroform and formate. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. AQUACIDE (85-00-7) Concentrated solution corrodes aluminum. AQUA FORTIS (7697-37-2) A strong acid and oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming toxic and corrosive nitrous fumes. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts violently with reducing agents, bases. combustible materials, finely dispersed or powdered metals and metal
128
AQUA-KLEEN
alloys, acetic anhydride, acetone, acetylene, acrolein, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aliphatic amines, ally1 chloride, ammonia, aniline, anion exchange resins, 1,4-benzoquinone diimine, 1,2-bis(triinethylsilyl)hydrazine, bromine pentafluoride, cadmium phosphide, carbides, cesium acetylide, chlorine pentafluoride, cresol, crotonaldehyde, cumene, cyanides, diethyl ether, I .2-dimethyl-2-trimethylsilylhydrazine, diphenyltin, divinyl ether, N-ethylaniline, ethyl phosphine. 2-ethynylfuran. fluorine, halides of phosphorus or sulfur, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, germanium, hydrogen iodide, lithium triethylsilyl amide. metal acetylides. 2methylthiophene, pentanethiol. phosphorus and phosphorus vapors, polyurethane foam, potassium permanganate, resorcinol, rubber (containing lead), sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, stibine, thiophene, triethylgallium, polydibromosilane, vinyl ether, zinc ethoxide, zinc phosphide. organic solvents, and many other materials. Incompatible with many substances, including acrylates. aldehydes, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, cresols. cyclic ketones. epichlorohydrin, glycols, hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, o h m , organic anhydrides, paraldehyde, phenols, silanes, strong oxidizers, substituted allyls, sulfuric acid, terpenes. vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride. Forms heat, impact, friction, or shockexplosives with acetic acid, acetoxyethylene glycol, ammonium nitrate, aniliniuin nitrate, 1.2-dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, dichloromethane, diethylaminoethanol, 3,6-dihydro1.2.2H-oxazine, dimethyl ether, dinitrobenzenes, disodium phenyl orthophosphate, 2-hexenal, metal salicylates, 3-methylcyclohexanone, nitroaromatics, nitrobenzenes. nitromethane, P-propyl acrolein, salicylic acid. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Heat causes decomposition, forming nitrogen oxides. Colorless 100% acid cannot be stored in the presence of light without formation of nitrogen dioxide, which also produces discoloration. Attacks most metals, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks most metals. In storage, separate from all other materials.
AQUA-KLEEN (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/ I 80°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. AQUALIN (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. Ln storage. over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures. on contact with oxidizers. strong acids. caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine. ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metat salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces. or flame arresters of storage tanks. AQUALINE (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures. on contact with oxidizers. strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethano1, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
ARASAN~
129
AQUA REGIA (8007-56-5) An extremely strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, metal powders, organic substances, and other easily oxidized materials. Reacts with ethylene chloride, sulfuric acid, acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,1 -dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, s-trioxane. Incompatible with m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. Dissolves metals such as gold, palladium, and platinum. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and engineering metals, including Hastelloy@ C and 316 stainless steel. See also Hydrochloric Acid, Nitric Acid, Nitrosyl Chloride.
AQUATIN (639-58-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Keep away from moisture. AQUEOUS HYDROGEN CHLORIDE (7647-01-0) Hydrogen chloride gas is quickly absorbed in water, forming hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Violent reaction with bases, strong oxidizers (with release of chlorine gas), acetic anhydride, cesium cyanotridecahydrodecaborate(2-), ethylidine difluoride, hexalithium disilicide, metal acetylides, sodium, silicon dioxide, tetraselenium tetranitride, and many organic materials. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aluminum, aluminumtitanium alloys, aromatic amines, amides, 2-aminoethano1, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal carbides, oleum, organic anhydrides, perchloric acid, 3propiolactone, sulfuric acid, uranium phosphide. vinyl acetate, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks most metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
AQUEOUS HYDROGEN FLUORIDE (7664-39-3) Anhydrous gas reacts with water, evolving much heat. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, alkalis, 2-amino ethanol, arsenic trioxide, bismuthic acid, calcium oxide, chlorosulfonic acid, cyanogen fluoride, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, fluorine, nitrogen trifluoride, N-phenylazopiperidine, oleum, oxygen difluoride, n-phenylazopiperidine, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium permanganate, potassium tetrafluorosilicate(2-), P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, sodium, sodium tetrafluorosilicate, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate. Reacts, possibly violently, with aliphatic amines, alcohols, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides. metal silicides, methanesulfonic acid, organic anhydrides, oxides, silicon compounds, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks glass and siliceous materials, concrete, ceramics, metals (flammable hydrogen gas may be produced), metal alloys, some plastics, rubber, coatings, and most other materials except lead, platinum, polyethylene, wax. AR-TOLUENOL (1319-77-3) Combustible solid or liquid (flash point > 178"F/>XloC). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid (oleum). Liquid attacks most plastics and rubber, although butyl rubber and Teflon@have high resistance to permeation. Attacks many metals.
ARALO@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
ARASAN@(137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases.
130
ARBITEX@
ARBITEX@ (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. ARBOCEL (9004-34-6) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium nitrate, fluorine, strong oxidizers. ARCOSOLV (34590-94-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 186"F/86"C).May form unstable peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ARCTON@(75-46-7) Violent reaction with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Reacts violently with aluminum oxide at elevated temperatures, producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene vapors. Incompatible with beryllium, decahorane, diborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene-1,2-dioxide, potassium acetyIene-l,2-dioxide, potassium sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. ARCTON@-3(75-72-9) Violent reaction with aluminum. Reacts with magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. ARCTON@-4 (75-45-6) Mixtures with 50% air are combustible; difficult to ignite. Incompatible with aluminum, barium, beryllium, decaborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium sodium alloy, sodium, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Moisture and rust can cause slow decomposition, forming toxic gases. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum. ARCTON@-6(75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carhonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ARCTON@-7(75-43-4) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Reacts with acids or acid fumes, producing highly toxic chlorine and fluorine fumes. Attacks chemically active metals: alkaline earth, aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their alloys. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen tluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
ARKOTINE
131
ARCTON@-9(75-69-4) Reacts violently, with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. ARCTON@-63(76-13-1) Reacts violently with chemically active metals, barium, calcium, lithium, potassium, sodium, and powdered aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, potassiumsodium alloy, titanium, zinc. Contact with alloys containing more than 2% magnesium or with hot surfaces can cause decomposition with the release of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. Noncombustible liquid at ordinary temperatures, but the gas will ignite and bum weakly at autoignition temperature ( 1256"F/68OoC).Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. ARCTUVIN (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. ARGENTIC FLUORIDE (7783-95-1) Contact with acetylene produces shock-sensitive material. Ammonia contact produces compounds that are explosive when dry. Hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Soluble silver compounds attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. ARGENTOUS FLUORIDE (7783-95-1) Contact with acetylene produces shock-sensitive material. Ammonia contact produces compounds that are explosive when dry. Hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Soluble silver compounds attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. ARGENTOUS OXIDE (20667-12-3) A strong oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, acids, amines, combustible materials. Reacts violently with ammonia. ARILATE (17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic gas (oxides of nitrogen). ARIZOLE (8002-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 138 - 172"F/59-78"C cc). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. ARKLONE P (76-13-1) Reacts violently with chemically active metals, barium, calcium, lithium, potassium, sodium, and powdered aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, potassiumsodium alloy, titanium, zinc. Contact with alloys containing more than 2% magnesium or with hot surfaces can cause decomposition with the release of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. Noncombustible liquid at ordinary temperatures, but the gas will ignite and burn weakly at autoignition temperature (1256"F/68OoC).Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. ARKOTINE (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers.
132
ARMENIAN BOLE
ARMENIAN BOLE (1309-37-1) Contact with hydrogen peroxide, ethylene oxide, calcium hypochlorite will cause explosion. Reacts violently with powdered aluminum, hydrazine, hydrogen trisuifide. AROCLOR (1336-36-3) or AROCLOR 1016 (12674-11-2) or AROCLOR 1221 (110428-2) or AROCLOR 1232 (11141-16-5) or AROCLOR 1242 (53469-21-9) or AROCLOR 1248 (12672-29-6) or AROCLOR 1254 (11097-69-1) or AROCLOR 1260 (11096-82-5) or AROCLOR 1262 (37324-23-5) or AROCLOR 1268 (11100-14-4) or AROCLOR 2565 (37324-24-6) or AROCLOR 4465 (11120-29-9) See PCBs. AROMATIC SOLVENT (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"F/-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. AROSOL (122-99-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. ARSEN (German) (7440-38-2) Finely divided material forms explosive mixture with air. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, emitting fumes of arsenic. Contact of dust or powder with strong oxidizers can cause ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with bromine azide, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, hypochlorous acid, nitrogen trichloride, tribromamine hexaanimoniate, nitrogen oxyfluoride, potassium chlorate. potassium dioxide, powdered rubidium, silver fluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, cesium acetylene carbide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, hafnium, halogens, lead monoxide, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, platinum. potassium nitrate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate, powdered zinc. ARSENATE (7778-39-4) Reacts with strong acids, acid fumes, forming toxic arsenic fumes. incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, oxidizers, epichlorohydrin, vinyl acetate, amides. Weak acid; slowly reacts with mild steel, galvanized metals, and brass. ARSENATE of LEAD (7784-40-9) Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes. emitting arsenic fumes. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violen1 reaction with sodium acetylide. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. May form impactsensitive explosive materials with ethanediamine, N,N'-dinitro-, pyrogallic acid. Aqueous solutions decompose on contact with active metals. emitting fumes of arsenic. ARSENIC (7440-38-2) Finely divided material forms explosive mixture with air. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, emitting fumes of arsenic. Contact of dust or powder with strong oxidizers can cause ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with bromine azide, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, hypochlorous acid. nitrogen trichloride, tribromamine hexaammoniate, nitrogen oxyfluoride, potassium chlorate, potassium dioxide, powdered rubidium, silver fluoride. Incompatible with strong acids. cesium acetylene carbide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide. hafnium. halogens. lead monoxide, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, platinum, potassium nitrate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate. powdered zinc.
ARSENIC BLANC
133
ARSENIC 75 (7440-38-2) Finely divided inaterial forms explosive mixture with air. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, emitting fumes of arsenic. Contact of dust or powder with strong oxidizers can cause ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with bromine azide, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, hypochlorous acid, nitrogen trichloride, tribromamine hexaammoniate, nitrogen oxyfluoride, potassium chlorate, potassium dioxide, powdered rubidium, silver fluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, cesium acetylene carbide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, hafnium, halogens, lead monoxide, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, platinum, potassium nitrate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate, powdered zinc. ARSENIC ACID (7778-39-4) Reacts with strong acids, acid fumes, forming toxic arsenic fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, oxidizers, epichlorohydrin, vinyl acetate, amides. Weak acid; slowly reacts with mild steel, galvanized metals, and brass. o-ARSENIC ACID (7778-39-4) Reacts with strong acids, acid fumes, forming toxic arsenic fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, oxidizers, epichlorohydrin, vinyl acetate, amides. Weak acid; slowly reacts with mild steel, galvanized metals, and brass. ARSENIC ACID ANHYDRIDE (1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. ARSENIC ANHYDRIDE (1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. ARSENIC BLACK (7440-38-2) Finely divided material forms explosive mixture with air. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, emitting fumes of arsenic. Contact of dust or powder with strong oxidizers can cause ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with bromine azide, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, hypochlorous acid, nitrogen trichloride, tribromamine hexaammoniate, nitrogen oxyfluoride, potassium chlorate, potassium dioxide, powdered rubidium, silver fluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, cesium acetylene carbide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, hafnium, halogens, lead monoxide, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, platinum, potassium nitrate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate, powdered zinc. ARSENIC RLANC (French) (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide,
134
ARSENIC CHLORIDE
sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas.
ARSENIC CHLORIDE (7784-34-1) Sunlight forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic trioxide. Contact with moist air, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic acid with heat. Reacts violently with bases, anhydrous ammonia, strong acids, strong oxidizers, and halogens. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms highly toxic chloride fumes. Mixtures with powdered aluminum, potassium, or sodium may explode on impact or shock. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas.
ARSENIC HYDRIDE (7784-42-1) A thermallyunstable flammable gas. Violent reaction with acids, halogens, chlorine, oxidizers. This chemical is endothermic; can be detonated by shock, elevated temperatures above (572"F/300°C), or powerful initiators. Exposure to light causes moist material to decompose with deposition of solid black arsenic. Low conductivity may cause the accumulation of static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors.
ARSENIC OXIDE (1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. ARSENTC(II1)OXIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas.
ARSENIUV) OXIDE (1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
ARSENIC PENTAFLUORIDE (7784-36-3) A noncombustible, corrosive gas. Contact with moisture, water, steam, or acids causes decomposition and forms hydrogen fluoride and arsenic pentoxide. Incompatible with reducing agents, alkalis, organic or siliceous materials. Violent reaction with 1,3-butadiyne (also a gas, CAS registry number 460-12-8). Attacks glass and metals in the presence of moisture.
ARSENIC PENTAOXIDE (1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene
ARSENIC TRISULFIDE
135
oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE (1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
ARSENIC SESQUIOXIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENIC SESQUISULFIDE (1303-33-9) Contact with water or steam releases hydrogen sulfide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, sodium sulfide, sulfur, potassium nitrate. Contact with acids and acid fumes produces highly toxic fumes of arsenic, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide.
ARSENIC SULFIDE (1303-33-9) Contact with water or steam releases hydrogen sulfide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, sodium sulfide, sulfur, potassium nitrate. Contact with acids and acid fumes produces highly toxic fumes of arsenic, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide.
ARSENIC TRICHLORIDE (7784-34-1) Sunlight forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic trioxide. Contact with moist air, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic acid with heat. Reacts violently with bases, anhydrous ammonia, strong acids, strong oxidizers, and halogens. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms highly toxic chloride fumes. Mixtures with powdered aluminum, potassium, or sodium may explode on impact or shock. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas.
ARSENIC TRIHYDRIDE (7784-42-1) A therrnallyunstable flammable gas. Violent reaction with acids, halogens, chlorine, oxidizers. This chemical is endothermic; can be detonated by shock, elevated temperatures above (572"F/3OO0C), or powerful initiators. Exposure to light causes moist material to decompose with deposition of solid black arsenic. Low conductivity may cause the accumulation of static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors.
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas.
ARSENIC TRISULFIDE (1303-33-9) Contact with water or steam releases hydrogen sulfide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, sodium
136
ARSENICUM ALBUM
sulfide, sulfur, potassium nitrate. Contact with acids and acid fumes produces highly toxic fumes of arsenic. hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide.
ARSENICUM ALBUM (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids. aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine. fluorides, halogens. hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENIC YELLOW (1303-33-9) Contact with water or steam releases hydrogen sulfide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, sodium sulfide, sulfur. potassium nitrate. Contact with acids and acid fumes produces highly toxic fumes of arsenic. hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. ARSENIGEN SAURE (German) (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluininuin chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide. sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENIOUS ACID (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride. chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid. tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENIOUS OXIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids. aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENIOUS TRIOXIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids. aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid. zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENITE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride. chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate. sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENIURETTED HYDROGEN (7784-42-1) A thermallyunstable flammable gas. Violent reaction with acids, halogens, chlorine, oxidizers. This chemical is endothermic; can be detonated by shock, elevated temperatures above (S72"F/30O0C), or powerful initiators. Exposure to light causes moist material to decompose with deposition of solid black arsenic. Low conductivity may cause the accumulation of static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors.
AKSENOUS TRICHLORIDE
137
ARSENIURO de GAL10 (1303-00-0) Combustible solid. Decomposes in water. Contact with steam, acid, acid fumes, producing deadly and flammable arsine gas. ARSENOLITE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENOUS ACID (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide. rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENOUS ACID ANHYDRIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens. hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENOUS ANHYDRIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly m i n e gas. ARSENOUS CHLORIDE (7784-34-1) Sunlight forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic trioxide. Contact with moist air, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic acid with heat. Reacts violently with bases, anhydrous ammonia, strong acids, strong oxidizers, and halogens. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms highly toxic chloride fumes. Mixtures with powdered aluminum, potassium, or sodium may explode on impact or shock. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. ARSENOUS OXIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENOUS OXIDE ANHYDRIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENOUS TRICHLORIDE (7784-34-1) Sunlight forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic trioxide. Contact with moist air, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic acid with heat. Reacts violently with bases, anhydrous ammonia, strong acids, strong oxidizers,
138
ARSENTRIOXIDE
and halogens. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms highly toxic chloride fumes. Mixtures with powdered aluminum, potassium, or sodium may explode on impact or shock. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas.
ARSENTRIOXIDE (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine. fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride. mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSENWASSERSTOFF (German) (7784-42-1) A thermallyunstable flammable gas. Violent reaction with acids, halogens, chlorine, oxidizers. This chemical is endothermic; can be detonated by shock, elevated temperatures above (S72"F/30O0C), or powerful initiators. Exposure to light causes moist material to decompose with deposition of solid black arsenic. Low conductivity may cause the accumulation of' static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors. ARSINA (Spanish) (7784-42-1) A thermallyunstable flammable gas. Violent reaction with acids, halogens, chlorine, oxidizers. This chemical is endothermic; can be detonated by shock, elevated temperatures above (S72"F/30OoC),or powerful initiators. Exposure to light causes moist material to decompose with deposition of solid black arsenic. Low conductivity may cause the accumulation of static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors. ARSINE (7784-42-1) A thermallyunstable flammable gas. Violent reaction with acids, halogens, chlorine, oxidizers. This chemical is endothermic; can be detonated by shock, elevated temperatures above (S72"F/30O0C), or powerful initiators. Exposure to light causes moist material to decompose with deposition of' solid black arsenic. Low conductivity may cause the accumulation of static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors. ARSODENT (1327-53-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. ARSYCODILE (1 24-65-2) common metals.
Reacts with strong acids, emitting arsenic fumes. Corrodes
ARTHODZBROM (300-76-5) Degraded by UV light or sunlight. Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzed by water; rapidly hydrolyzed in alkali solutions. Corrosive to metals. ARTIC (74-87-3) Flammable gas (flash point 81@C). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid (oleum). Liquid attacks most plastics and rubber, although butyl rubber and Teflon@have high resistance to permeation. Attacks many metals.
BACILLOL (1319-77-3)
BANANA OIL (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Attacks asbestos; softens and dissolves many plastics, rubber, and coatings.
BANANA OIL (626-38-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 89"F/32"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks many plastics.
BANLEN@, BANVEL@, BANVEL D, and BANVEL HERBICIDE (1918-00-9) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. At elevated temperatures above 392"F/20OoC, this material is decarboxylated, forming 2,s-dichloroanisole.
BARIDOL (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. BARIO (Spanish) (7440-39-3) A strong reducing agent. Dust can self-ignite or explode in air; mixture with oxidizing gases can be explosive. Contact with water, alcohol, or acids can cause rapid decomposition, forming explosive hydrogen.gas; reaction may be violent. Violent reaction with hydrogen, trichlorofluoromethane, oxidizers, bromine pentafluoride, fluorides, oxygen. Fire and explosions may be caused by halogenated solvents, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorotrifluoroethane. Forms shock- and friction-sensitive mixture with 1,3-di(Stetrazoy1)triazene.
BARIO (PEROSSIDO di) (Italian) (1304-29-6) Reacts with water, forming oxygen. A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, reducing agents, acids, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum or magnesium, acetic anhydride, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, peroxyformic acid, propane. Contact with organic substances forms shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BARITE (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus.
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150
BARIUM
BARIUM (7440-39-3) A strong reducing agent. Dust can self-ignite or explode in air; mixture with oxidizing gases can be explosive. Contact with water, alcohol, or acids can cause rapid decomposition, forming explosive hydrogen.gas; reaction may be violent. Violent reaction with hydrogen, trichlorofluoromethane, oxidizers, bromine pentafluoride, fluorides, oxygen. Fire and explosions may be caused by halogenated solvents, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorotrifluoroethane. Forms shock- and friction-sensitive mixture with 1,3-di(Stetrazoy1)triazene. BARIUM AZIDE (18810-58-7) Highly unstable in dry form. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Heat, shock, or friction can cause spontaneous decomposition and explosion. Forms shock-sensitive mixtures with lead and other heavy metals. Contact with barium, iron, or sodium will increase its sensitivity to explosion. Contact with acids forms corrosive hydrogen azide. Reacts violently with oxidizers, carbon disulfide. Commercially available in ethyl alcohol. Keeping the chemical wet greatly reduces its explosion hazard. BARIUM BINOXIDE (1304-29-6) Reacts with water, forming oxygen. A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, reducing agents, acids, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum or magnesium, acetic anhydride, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, peroxyformic acid, propane. Contact with organic substances forms shockand friction-sensitive compounds. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BARIUM BROMATE (13967-90-3) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with water, forming bromic acid. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 50O0F/260"C.Violent reaction with reducing agents. Incompatible with combustible materials, aluminum, arsenic, carbon. copper, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, organic substances, phosphorus, sulfur. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. BARIUM CARBONATE (513-77-9) Incompatible with acids, finely divided aluminum, bromine trifluoride, fluorine, magnesium, oxidizers, sodium azide, silicon. BARIUM CHLORATE or BARIUM CHLORATE MONOHYDRATE (13477-00-4) A powerful oxidizer. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalis, reducing agents, powdered metals such as aluminum, copper, and zinc, arsenic, strong acids, oleum, combustible materials, organic matter. metal sulfides, sulfur. Contact with ammonium compounds or powdered metals forms shock- and friction-sensitive compounds that can ignite or explode. BARIUM CHLORIDE (103-37-2) Ignites on contact with ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitrate:;. Moisture may cause decomposition. BARIUM CYANIDE (542-62-1) Violent reaction with sodium nitrite. Reacts, possibly violently, with metal chlorates, fluorine, magnesium, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites, nitric acid, perchlorates, strong oxidizers. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. BARIUM DICHLORIDE (103-37-2) Ignites on contact with ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitrates. Moisture may cause decomposition.
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151
BARIUM DICYANIDE (542-62-1) Violent reaction with sodium nitrite. Reacts, possibly violently, with metal chlorates, fluorine, magnesium, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites, nitric acid, perchlorates, strong oxidizers. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. BARIUM DIHYDROXIDE (17194-00-2) A strong base. Reacts with phosphorus, releasing phosphine gas. Violent exothermic reaction with maleic anhydride. Reacts violently with acids, chlorinated rubber (when heated), I-nitropropane, zirconium powder or dust. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks chemically active metals (e.g. aluminum, magnesium, zinc). BARIUM DINITRATE (10022-31-8) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustibles, strong acids, other oxidizers. Mixtures with sulfur, finely divided metals (especially aluminum and magnesium alloys) can form shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Contact with ammonium nitrate may cause spontaneous fire or explosion. BARIUM DIOXIDE (1304-29-6) Reacts with water, forming oxygen. A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, reducing agents, acids, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum or magnesium, acetic anhydride, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, peroxyformic acid, propane. Contact with organic substances forms shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BARIUM HYDRATE (17194-00-2) A strong base. Reacts with phosphorus, releasing phosphine gas. Violent exothermic reaction with maleic anhydride. Reacts violently with acids, chlorinated rubber (when heated), 1-nitropropane, zirconium powder or dust. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks chemically active metals (e.g. aluminum, magnesium, zinc). BARIUM HYDROXIDE (17194-00-2) A strong base. Reacts with phosphorus, releasing phosphine gas. Violent exothermic reaction with maleic anhydride. Reacts violently with acids, chlorinated rubber (when heated), I-nitropropane, zirconium powder or dust. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks chemically active metals (e.g. aluminum, magnesium, zinc). BARIUM MANGANATE(VII1) (7787-36-2) May be spontaneously combustible. May detonate when exposed to elevated temperatures or severe shock. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials (mixtures may be ignited by friction or acids), anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, benzene and other hydrocarbons, calcium sulfide, fuels, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, granulated sugars, cloth, wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives.
152
BARIUM METAL
BARIUM METAL (7440-39-3) A strong reducing agent. Dust can self-ignite or explode in air; mixture with oxidizing gases can be explosive. Contact with water, alcohol, or acids can cause rapid decomposition, forming explosive hydrogen.gas; reaction may be violent. Violent reaction with hydrogen, trichlorofluoromethane, oxidizers, bromine pentafluoride, fluorides, oxygen. Fire and explosions may be caused by halogenated solvents. carbon tetrachloride, trichlorotrifluoroethane. Forms shock- and friction-sensitive mixture with 1,3-di(5tetrazoy1)triarene. BARIUM METAL, PROPHORIC (7440-39-3) A strong reducing agent. Dust can selfignite or explode in air; mixture with oxidizing gases can be explosive. Contact with water, alcohol, or acids can cause rapid decomposition, forming explosive hydrogen.gas; reaction may he violent. Violent reaction with hydrogen, trichlorofluoromethane, oxidizers, bromine pentafluoride. fluorides, oxygen. Fire and explosions may be caused by halogenated solvents, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorotrifluoroethane. Forms shock- and friction-sensitive mixture with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl) triazene. BARIUM NITRATE (10022-31-8) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustibles, strong acids, other oxidizers. Mixtures with sulfur, finely divided metals (especially aluminum and magnesium alloys) can form shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Contact with ammonium nitrate may cause spontaneous fire or explosion. BARIUM OXIDE (1304-28-5) An oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam. forming heat and corrosive barium hydroxide; may cause spontaneous combustion. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, alcohols, ethers, iluorine, glycols, glycol ethers, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxlamine. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetratluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide. nitroalkanes, red phosphorus, sulfur trioxide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the explosive or thermal sensitivity of nitromethane, nitroethane, I-nitropropane, silver azide. Increases explosive sensitivity of hydraziniuin perchlorate. Reacts with carbon dioxide, nickel monoxide, nitrogen tetroxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base; see also Barium Hydroxide. BARIUM PERCHLORATE (13465-95-7) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles, Contact with strong acids forms explosive perchloric acid. Contact with isopropyl alcohol forms highly explosive propyl perchlorate. Contact with ammonium compounds, metal powders (especially magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, calcium hydride, and strontium hydride), or sulfur produces friction- and impact-sensitive compounds. Explodes when hented or shocked. BARIUM PERCHLORATE TRIHYDRATE (13465-95-7) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles. Contact with strong acids forms explosive perchloric acid. Contact with isopropyl alcohol forms highly explosive propyl perchlorate. Contact with ammonium compounds, metal powders (especially magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, calcium hydride, and strontium hydride), or sulfur produces friction- and impact-sensitive compounds. Explodes when heated or shocked. BARIUM PERMANGANATE (7787-36-2) May be spontaneously combustible. May detonate when exposed to elevated temperatures or severe shock. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials (mixtures
BARlUM TOXIDE
153
may be ignited by friction or acids), anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, benLene and other hydrocarbons, calcium sulfide, fuels, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, granulated sugars, cloth, wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives.
BARIUM PEROXIDE (1304-29-6) Reacts with water, forming oxygen. A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, reducing agents, acids, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum or magnesium, acetic anhydride, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, peroxyformic acid, propane. Contact with organic substances forms shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BARIUM PROTOXIDE (1304-28-5) An oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming heat and corrosive barium hydroxide; may cause spontaneous combustion. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, alcohols, ethers, fluorine, glycols, glycol ethers, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxlamine. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, red phosphorus, sulfur trioxide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the explosive or thermal sensitivity of nitromethane, nitroethane, I-nitropropane, silver azide. Increases explosive sensitivity of hydrazinium perchlorate. Reacts with carbon dioxide, nickel monoxide, nitrogen tetroxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base; see also Barium Hydroxide.
BARIUM SULFATE (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. BARIUM SULFIDE (21109-95-5) Contact with acid, acid fumes, moisture, steam, or moist air causes decomposition with the formation of toxic and flammable hydrogen sulfide gas. Evolved gas can form explosive mixtures with air, and may cause spontaneous ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, calcium chlorate, calcium nitrate, chlorine dioxide, strontium chlorate, strontium nitrate. BARIUM SULFITE (7787-39-5) Contact with water, steam, acids, or acid fumes can cause decomposition with the formation of toxic and corrosive sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture.
BARIUM SUPEROXIDE (1304-29-6) Reacts with water, forming oxygen. A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, reducing agents, acids, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum or magnesium, acetic anhydride, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, peroxyformic acid, propane. Contact with organic substances forms shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BARIUM TOXIDE (1304-28-5) An oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming heat and corrosive barium hydroxide; may cause spontaneous combustion. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, alcohols, ethers, fluorine, glycols, glycol ethers, h y d r a h e ,
154
BARSITO
hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxlamine. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, red phosphorus, sulfur trioxide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the explosive or thermal sensitivity of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, silver azide. Increases explosive sensitivity of hydrazinium perchlorate. Reacts with carbon dioxide, nickel monoxide, nitrogen tetroxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base; see also Barium Hydroxide.
BARSITO (1304-28-5) An oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming heat and corrosive barium hydroxide; may cause spontaneous combustion. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, alcohols, ethers, fluorine, glycols, glycol ethers, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxlamine. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, red phosphorus, sulfur trioxide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the explosive or thermal sensitivity of nitromethane, nitroethane, l -nitropropane, silver azide. Increases explosive sensitivity of hydrazinium perchlorate. Reacts with carbon dioxide, nickel monoxide, nitrogen tetroxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base; see also Barium Hydroxide.
BARYTA (1304-28-5) An oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming heat and corrosive barium hydroxide; may cause spontaneous combustion. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, alcohols, ethers, fluorine, glycols, glycol ethers, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxlamine. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, red phosphorus, sulfur trioxide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the explosive or thermal sensitivity of nitromethane, nitroethane, l-nitropropane, silver azide. Increases explosive sensitivity of hydrazinium perchlorate. Reacts with carbon dioxide, nickel monoxide, nitrogen tetroxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base; see also Barium Hydroxide.
BARYTA, WHITE (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus.
BARYTES or BARYTES 22 (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. BASIC ZINC CHROMATE (13530-65-9) An oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials.
BATTERY ACID (7664-93-9) A strong oxidizer and strong acid. Reacts with water or steam. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, alkalis, ammonium tetraperoxo chromate, aniline, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, isoprene, mesityl oxide, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, perchlorates, sodium carbonate, zinc chlorate. Reacts, possibly causing ignition or explosion,
BENCENO
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with many substances, including nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids, bases, reducing agents, acetic anhydride, acetone cyanhydrin, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylates, acrylo-nitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, substituted allyls, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, bromine pentafluoride, n-butyraldehyde, caprolacturn solution, carbides, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorates, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, cuprous nitride, diisobutylene, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, ethyleneimine, fulminates, glycols, hydrochloric acid, iodine heptafluoride, iron, isocyanates, ketones, lithium silicide, mercuric nitride, 2-methyllactonitrile, powdered metals, nitric acid, p-nitrotoluene, pentasilver trihydroxydiamino phosphate, perchloric acid, phenols, phosphorus, picrates, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate, P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, rubidium acetylene, silver permanganate, sodium, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, styrene monomer, zinc phosphide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with 2amino-5-nitrothiazole, 2-aminothiazole, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metals; may produce flammable hydrogen gas. When diluting, do not add water to acid. With proper precautions, slowly add acid to water.
BAUXITE RESIDUE (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disiiicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. BAYRITES (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus.
BAZUDEN@(333-41-5) A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers.
BEAN SEED PROTECTANT@(133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate, parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime) as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. BENCENO (Spanish) (71-43-2)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 2 T - 1 l°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
156
BENClDlNA
BENCIDINA (Spanish) (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidiLers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, ccllulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. BENCILAMINA (Spanish) (100-46-9) A strongly alkaline liquid. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides. isocyanates, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Violent or explosive reaction with N-chlorosuccinimide. Slowly corrodes some metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1,2-BENENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIHEPTYL ESTER (3648-21-3) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. BENLATO, BENLATE@,BENLATE@50, and BENLATE 50 W (17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic oxides of nitrogen. BENOMYL (17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic oxides of nitrogen. BENOXYL (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 1 76"F/80°C). Power. dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction. shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N- dimcthylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates. methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENSULFOID (7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances. including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron. bromine pentatluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates. chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide. diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead chlorite. lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium. zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic
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anhydride, 1,5-dinitronaphthaIene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, aodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
BENTOX@10 (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvcnt used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
BENYLATE (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates.
BENZACO (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/80°C). Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire andor explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, chacoal. May attack some plastics. rubber, and coatings.
BENZAL CHLORIDE (98-87-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Decomposes on contact with acids or bases, producing phosgene and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with many metals, sodium, potassium, aluminum. Contact with air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks plastics and coatings. BENZALDEHPDO (Spanish) (100-52-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 148"F/64"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, including chromium oxide, peroxyformic acid, potassium permanganate, aluminum, iron, bases, phenol. May self-ignite if absorbed in combustible material with large surface area. Forms peroxides with oxides of nitrogen. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture.
BENZALDEHYDE (100-52-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 148"F/64"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, including chromium oxide, peroxyformic acid, potassium permanganate, aluminum, iron, bases, phenol. May self-ignite if absorbed in combustible material with large surface area. Forms peroxides with oxides of nitrogen. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture.
1-BENZAZINE (91-22-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 140"-230"F/60"-1 IOOC). An organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers: bromine, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (may explode), perchromates, nitrogen tetroxide. Unpredictably violent, exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Keep away from moisture, steam, and light. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
158
BENZELENE
BENZELENE (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"FI- 11°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZENAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE (142-04-1) Combustible solid (flash point 379"F/193"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms hydrochloric acid and aniline. BENZENEACETONITRILE (140-29-4) Combustible oily liquid (flash point 21S°F/102°C). Violent reaction with acids, forming hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with sodium hypochlorite. BENZENE (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 1 I T ) . Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZENEAMINE (62-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C).Unless inhibited (usually by methanol), readily able to polymerize. Violent reaction, including the possibility of tire, explosion, and the formation of heat- or shock-sensitive compounds may result from contact with acetic anhydride, benzene diazonium-2-carboxylate, aldehydes, alkalis, benzenamine hydrochloride, boron trichloride, 1-bromo-2,S-pyrrolidinedione, chlorosulfonic acid, dibenzoyl peroxide, fluorine nitrate, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, oleum, oxidizers, organic anhydrides, ozone, perchloryl fluoride, perchromates, potassium peroxide, P-propiolactone, sodium peroxide, strong acids, trichloromelamine. Strong reaction with toluene diisocyanate. Reacts with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with copper and its alloys. BENZENE CARBALDEHYDE (100-52-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 148"F/64"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, including chromium oxide, peroxyformic acid, potassium permanganate, aluminum, iron, bases, phenol. May self-ignite if absorbed in combustible material with large surface area. Forms peroxides with oxides of nitrogen. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture. BENZENECARBINOL or BENZENECARBONAL (100-51-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 213"F/101"C). Contact with water may cause frothing. Slowly oxidizes in air and oxygen, forming benzaldehyde. Incompatible with mineral acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, and explosive with sulfuric acid at elevated temperature. Corrodes aluminum at high temperature. Attacks some nonfluorinated plastics; may not attack polypropylene.
0-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER
159
BENZENECARBONYL CHLORIDE (98-88-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 162"F/72"C oc). Water contact may be violent; produces hydrochloric acid. Reacts with oxidizers, amines, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, dimethylsulfoxide. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics including PVC, and rubbers including natural, neoprene, and nitrile.
BENZENECARBOXYLIC ACID (65-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/ 121°C). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates.
BENZENE CARCABOXALDEHYDE (100-52-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 148"F/64"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, including chromium oxide, peroxyformic acid, potassium permanganate, aluminum, iron, bases, phenol. May selfignite if absorbed in combustible material with large surface area. Forms peroxides with oxides of nitrogen. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture.
BENZENE CHLORIDE (108-90-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/28"C). Violent, possibly explosive, reaction with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, nitric acid, dimethylsulfoxide, powdered sodium, silver perchloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID (27554-26-3) Combustible liquid but difficult to ignite (flash point 450°F/232"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZENE-1,3-DICARBOXYLICACID (88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point
334"F/168"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite.
1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID ANHYDRIDE (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/152"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3diphenyltriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)-2-propen- 1-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER (84-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 14"F/157"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. 0-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER (84-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 14"F/157"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis.
160
BENZENE-o-DICARBOXYLIC ACID DI-N-BUTYLESTER
BENZENE-o-DICARBOXYLIC ACID DI-N-BUTYL ESTER (84-74-2) Combusti blc liquid (flash point 3 14"F/IS7"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER (84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/117"C). Reacts with strong acids. strong oxidizers, permanganates. nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIISOOCTYL ESTER (27554-26-3) Combustible liquid but difficult to ignite (flash point 4SO0F/232"C).Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIISONONYL ESTER (88-99-3) combustible solid (flash point 334"F/16SoC). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane. strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER (131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 29S0F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. 1,2-BENZENE DICARBOXYLIC ACID, DI-(2-METHYLPROPYL)ESTER (84-69-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 365"FllSS"C). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers. nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1,2.-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DI-N-OCTYL ESTER (117-84-0) Combustible solid (flash point 425"F/21XoC oc). Water contact causes frothing. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. strong acids, nitrates. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIPENTYL ESTER (131-18-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 24SoF/l 18°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DI-UNDECYL ESTER (3648-20-2) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates. 1,4-BENZENE DICARBOXYLIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (120-61-6) Combustible solid (286"F/l4 I "C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids. nitrates, strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. and may cause ignition of flammable vapors or dust. 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ANHYDRIDE (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 30SoF/1S2"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide. calcium permanganate, I ,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriazene
BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE
161
(explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cycIopentadienyliron)-2-propen- 1 -one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2-BENZENEDIOL (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 260°F/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,3-BENZENEDIOL (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261 "F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts. lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. 1,4-BENZENEDIOL (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/16S0C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. m-BENZENEDIOL (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 26loF/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. o-BENZENEDIOL (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 260°F/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. p-BENZENEDIOL (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/16S°C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. BENZENE FLUORIDE (462-06-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S T - 15°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZENEFORMIC ACID (65-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/121 "C). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates. BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE (118-74-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 467"F/242"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium.
162
BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE, y ISOMER or ?/-BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE
BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE, y (gamma) ISOMER or y-BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE (58-89-9) Noncombustible, however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
BENZENE HEXAHYDRIDE (110-82-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetroxide. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZENEMETHANOIC ACID (65-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/121 "C). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates.
BENZENENITRILE (100-47-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C).Violent reaction with strong acids, forming hydrogen cyanide gas. Incompatible with oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
BENZENE PHOSPHORUS DICHLORIDE (644-97-3) Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrochloric. Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture except 316 stainless steel, nickel, and Hastelloy@. BENZENE PHOSPHORUS THIODICHLORIDE (14684-25-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 252"F/122"C oc). Reacts slowly with cold water, producing hydrochloric acid and a visible cloud of hydrogen chloride. Acids or acid fumes produce highly toxic chloride fumes. Reacts with bases. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BENZENE SULFOCHLORIDE (98-09-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 266"F/13OoC). Contact with water. steam, or water solutions forms hydrochloric, chlorosulfonic, and benzenesulfonic acids. Aqueous solutions of this chemical are strong acids and react violently with bases. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethyl sulfoxide, and methyl formamide. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, water solutions. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZENE SULFONE-CHLORIDE or BENZENE SULFONECHLORIDE (98-09-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 266"F/130°C). Contact with water, steam, or water solutions forms hydrochloric, chlorosulfonic, and benzenesulfonic acids. Aqueous solutions of this chemical are strong acids and react violently with bases. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethyl sulfoxide, and methyl formamide. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, water solutions. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BENZENYL FLUORIDE
163
BENZENESULFONIC (ACID) CHLORIDE or BENZENESULFONIC ACID CHLORIDE (98-09-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 266"F/13OoC).Contact with water, steam, or water solutions forms hydrochloric, chlorosulfonic, and benzenesulfonic acids. Aqueous solutions of this chemical are strong acids and react violently with bases. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethyl sulfoxide, and methyl formamide. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, water solutions. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZENE SULFONIC ACID, DODECYL ESTER (27176-87-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10ODF/38"C).Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with alkalis. Corrosive to metals. BENZENESULFONYL CHLORIDE (98-09-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 266"F/13OoC).Contact with water, steam, or water solutions forms hydrochloric, chlorosulfonic, and benzenesulfonic acids. Aqueous solutions of this chemical are strong acids and react violently with bases. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethyl sulfoxide, and methyl formamide. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, water solutions. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZENETHIOL (108-98-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7loF/22"C; also listed at 132"F/56"C cc). Technical grades can be contaminated with carbon disulfide that may tend to lower the flash point). Reacts with water, steam, or acids, producing toxic and flammable vapors. Oxidizes on exposure to air, forming diphenyl disulfide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, alkali metals. Oxidizes on contact with air. Corrosive to carbon steel. 1,2,3-BENZENETRIOL (87-66-1) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixtures with air. Violent reaction with peroxyfuroic acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, antipyrine, epichlorohydrin, iodine, isocyanates, menthol, phenol, potassium permanganate, metallic salts of lead and iron. BENZENOSULPHOCHLORIDE (98-09-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 266"F/13OoC). Contact with water, steam, or water solutions forms hydrochloric, chlorosulfonic, and benzenesulfonic acids. Aqueous solutions of this chemical are strong acids and react violently with bases. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethyl sulfoxide, and methyl formamide. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, water solutions. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZENYL CHLORIDE (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZENYL FLUORIDE (98-08-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Explosive reaction with bis(triflu0romethy1)sulfide.
164
BENZENYL TRICHLORIDE
BENZENYL TRICHLORIDE (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 260"F/I 27°C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZIDINA (Italian) (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. BENZIDINE (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates. nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. BENZILE (CLORURO di) (Italian) (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation o f heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, tin, zinc, and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZIN (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/ 37"42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZIN (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"F/-2 to'?29"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZIN (German) (8006-61-9) Forins explosive mixture with air [flash point (73 octane) -45"F/-43"C; (100 octane) -36"F/-38"C]. Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electro5tatic charges due to low conductivity. 1-BENZINE (91-22-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 140"-230"F/60"-1 I OOC). An organic base. Violent reaction with acids. strong oxidizers: bromine, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (may explode), perchromates, nitrogen tetroxide. Unpredictably violent, exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides. alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. alcohols. glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Keep away from moisture, steam, and light. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZINOFORM (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures:
BENZO-CHINON
165
on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shocksensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with ally1 alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane. ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-ievt-butoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si,H,& trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium.
BENZINOL (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization: alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact: explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
BENZITE (99-35-4) A highexplosive with more power than TNT and less sensitivity to impact. Sensitive to shock and heat. Incompatible with initiating explosives, combustible materials, oxidizers. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Forms heat-sensitive explosive complexes with alkyl- or aryl metallates.
BENZOATE (65-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 249"FlI 21°C). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates. BENZOATO de BENCILO (Spanish) (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates.
BENZOATO de ETlLO (Spanish) (93-89-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 190"F/ 88OC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZOATO de METILO (Spanish) (93-58-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 18 1"F/83"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
BENZO-CHINON (German) (106-51-4) Flammable or combustible solid (flash point depends on humidity 100-200"F/38-93"C cc: also listed at about 104"F/40°C; the higher the
166
BENZOEPIN~
humidity, the greater the chance that material will self-heat and decompose exothermically >14OoF/>60"C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air; may decompose in moist air. A weak oxidizer. Incompatible with strong bases, strong reducing agents, strong oxidizers, some combustible materials, some organic substances. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZOEPIN@ (115-29-7) Hydrolyzed in alkaline solutions. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, produces highly toxic sulfur and chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels, iron, and other metals.
BENZOESAEURE (German) (65-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/12IoC). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates.
BENZOHYDROQUINONE (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. BENZOIC ACID (65-85-0) Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates.
BENZOIC ACID, BENZOPEROXIDE (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/8O0C).Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
BENZOIC ACID, BENZYL ESTER (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates.
BENZOIC ACID, CHLORIDE (98-88-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 162OF172"C oc). Water contact may be violent; produces hydrochloric acid. Reacts with oxidizers, amines, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, dimethylsulfoxide. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics including PVC, and rubbers including natural, neoprene, and nitrile. BENZOIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (93-89-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZOIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (93-58-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 18I"F183"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
BENZOLE
167
BENZOIC ACID NITRILE (100-47-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC). Violent reaction with strong acids, forming hydrogen cyanide gas. Incompatible with oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZOIC ACID PEROXIDE (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/8OoC).Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/lO3"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZOIC ACID, PHENYLMETHYL ESTER (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. BENZOIC ALDEHYDE (100-52-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 148OF164"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, including chromium oxide, peroxyformic acid, potassium permanganate, aluminum, iron, bases, phenol. May self-ignite if absorbed in combustible material with large surface area. Forms peroxides with oxides of nitrogen. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture. BENZOIC ETHER (93-89-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZOIC TRICHLORIDE (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/1 27°C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZOL@or BENZOL@-90(71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 11"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZOLE (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"FI- 1l'C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
168
BENZOLENE
BENZOLENE (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"FI- 1 IOC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone. forming the shock-sensitive material, ozohenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates. oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane. nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate elcctrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZOLINE (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 8 S T - 2 " to 29OC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZOLO (Italian) (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 1 I "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with tluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozohenzeize. Reacts, possibly violently. with other oxidizers such as pernianganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides. many fluorides, nitric acid. chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings. and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZONITRILE (100-47-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 58"F/7OoC). Violent reaction with strong acids, forming hydrogen cyanide gas. Incompatible with oxidizers. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. BENZONITRILO (Spanish) (100-47-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C). Violent reaction with strong acids, forming hydrogen cyanide gas. Incompatible with oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZOPEROXIDE (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/80°C). Power. dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols. amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacry late, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZOPHENONE (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause tire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes. strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide. BENZO(a)PYRENE, 3,4-BENZOPYRENE, or 6,7-BENZOPYRENE (50-32-8) Strong oxidizers may cause fires and explosions. BENZO(b)PYRIDINE (91-22-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 140"-230"F/ 60"- 1 lO0C). An organic base. Violent reaction with acids. strong oxidizers: bromine,
BENZOTRICHLORIDE
169
fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (may explode), perchromates, nitrogen tetroxide. Unpredictably violent, exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Keep away from moisture, steam, and light. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
BENZOQUINOL (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. BENZOQUINONE, 1,4-BENZOQUINONE, or p-BENZOQUINONE (106-51-4) Flammable or combustible solid (flash point depends on humidity 100-20O"F/38-93"C cc; also listed at about 104"F/40°C;the higher the humidity, the greater the chance that material will self-heat and decompose exothermically > 140°F/>60"C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air; may decompose in moist air. A weak oxidizer. Incompatible with strong bases, strong reducing agents, strong oxidizers, some combustible materials, some organic substances. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-BENZOTHIAZOLETHIOL (149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature I162"F/628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat and/or contact with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-BENZOTHIAZOLETHIOL, SODIUM SALT (2492-26-4) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite, strong bases. Concentrated aqueous solutions are corrosive. BENZOTHIAZOLE-2-THIONE or 2(3H)-BENZOTHIAZOLETHIONE (149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature I I62"F/628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat and/or contact with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-(3H)-BENZOTHIAZOLETHIONE, SODIUM SALT (2492-26-4) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite, strong bases. Concentrated aqueous solutions are corrosive. 2-BENZOTHIAZOLYL MERCAPTAN (149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 1162"F/628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat andlor contact with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BENZOTRICHLORIDE (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127°C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light
170
BENZOTRICLORURO
metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BENZOTFUCLORURO (Spanish) (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127°C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZOTRIFLUORIDE (98-08-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/l2"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Explosive reaction with bis(trif1uoromethy1)sulfide. BENZOTRIFLUOURO (98-08-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Explosive reaction with bis(trifluoromethy1)sulfide. BENZOYL BENZENE (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide. BENZOYL CHLORIDE (98-88-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 162"F/72"C oc). Water contact may be violent; produces hydrochloric acid. Reacts with oxidizers, amines, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, dimethylsulfoxide. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some coatings. plastics including PVC, and rubbers including natural, neoprene, and nitrile. BENZOYL CHLORIDE, 3,5-DINITRO-(99-33-2) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Shock-, heat-, friction-sensitive explosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with moisture causes decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride fumes. BENZOYL METHIDE (98-86-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, oxidizers, perchloric acid, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. BENZOYL PEROXIDE (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/80°C). Power, dust. or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-diniethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
BENZYL, n-BUTYL PHTHALATE
171
BENZOYL SUPEROXIDE (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/8OoC).Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZYL ACETATE (140-11-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 216"F/102"C). Reacts with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. BENZYL ALCOHOL (100-51-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 213"F/101"C). Contact with water may cause frothing. Slowly oxidizes in air and oxygen, forming benzaldehyde. Incompatible with mineral acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, and explosive with sulfuric acid at elevated temperature. Corrodes aluminum at high temperature. Attacks some nonfluorinated plastics; may not attack polypropylene. BENZYL ALCOHOL BENZOIC ESTER (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 29S°F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. BENZYL ALCOHOL FORMATE (104-57-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 107"F/42"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. BENZYL AMINE (100-46-9) A strongly alkaline liquid. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Violent or explosive reaction with N-chlorosuccinimide. Slowly corrodes some metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BENZYL BENZENECARBOXYLATE (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 29S°F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. BENZYL BENZOATE (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. BENZYL BROMIDE (100-39-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Contact with water, steam, and atmospheric moisture produces hydrogen bromide and benzyl alcohol. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, bases. Attacks metals, except nickel and lead, in the presence of moisture. BENZYL BUTYL ETHER (588-67-0) Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, boron triiodide, nitrogen trichloride. BENZYL, n-BUTYL PHTHALATE (85-68-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/ 199°C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Attacks rubber and coatings.
172
BENZYLCARBONYL CHLORIDE
Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow.
BENZYLCARBONYL CHLORIDE (501-53-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 176"F/8U0C oc). Vigorous decomposition occurs at these temperatures; thus, these values are anomalous due to the effect of the decomposition products (benzyl chloride and carbon dioxide). Reacts with water, producing hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bases. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin. organic anhydrides. isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BENZYLCHLORID (German)(100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"Ccc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron. magnesium, tin, zinc, and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate. or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZYL CHLORIDE (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water. or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, tin, zinc. and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZYL CHLOROCARBONATE (501-53-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 76"F/80°C oc). Vigorous decomposition occurs at these temperatures; thus, these values are anomalous due to the effect of the decomposition products (benzyl chloride and carbon dioxide). Reacts with water, producing hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bases. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid. alkalis. ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, arnides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
RENZYL CHLOROFORMATE (501-53-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 176"F/80°C oc). Vigorous decomposition occurs at these temperatures; thus. these values are anomalous due to the effect of the decomposition products (benzyl chloride and carbon dioxide). Reacts with water. producing hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bases. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis. ammonia, aliphatic amines. alkanolamines, alkyleue oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BENZYL CYANIDE (140-29-4) Combustible oily liquid (flash point 2 15"F/102"C). Violent reaction with acids, forming hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with sodium hypochlorite.
BENZYL ETHYL ETHER
173
BENZYL DICHLORIDE (98-87-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Decomposes on contact with acids or bases, producing phosgene and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with many metals, sodium, potassium, aluminum. Contact with air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks plastics and coatings. BENZYL DIMETHYLAMINE or n-BENZYLDIMETHYLAMINE (103-83-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers. [ncompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresds, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubbers, and coatings.
BENZYL
DIMETHYLOCTADECYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (959-55-7) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, emits chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. BENZYL
DIMETHYLSTEARYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (959-55-7) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, emits chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. BENZYLE (CHLORURE de) (French) (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, tin, zinc, and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to tow conductivity.
BENZYLENE CHLORIDE (98-87-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Decomposes on contact with acids or bases, producing phosgene and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with many metals, sodium, potassium, aluminum. Contact with air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks plastics and coatings. BENZYL ETHANOATE (140-11-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 216"F/102"C). Reacts with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
BENZYL ETHER (103-50-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C). Capable of spontaneous explosion. Forms unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZYL ETHYL ETHER (539-30-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 123"F/50°C). Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
174
BENZYL FORMATE
BENZYL FORMATE (104-57-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 107"F/42"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates.
BENZYLIDENEACETALDEHYDE (104-55-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 23 1"F/l 1 l°C). A strong reducing agent. Contact with oxidizers, sodium hydroxide can cause fire and explosion. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, alkaline earth and alkali metals; elevated temperatures will increase reaction. Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings. BENZYLIDENE CHLORIDE (98-87-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Decomposes on contact with acids or bases, producing phosgene and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with many metals, sodium, potassium, aluminum. Contact with air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks plastics and coatings. BENZYLIDYNE CHLORIDE (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 260"FA 27°C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
BENZYLIDYNE FLUORIDE (98-08-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture. water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Explosive reaction with bis(triflu0romethy1)sulfide. BENZYLKYANID (140-29-4) Combustible oily liquid (flash point 215"F/102"C). Violent reaction with acids, forming hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with sodium hypochlorite.
BENZYL METHANOATE (104-57-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 107"F/42"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates.
BENZYL NITRILE (140-29-4) Combustible oily liquid (flash point 2 1S°F/102"C). Violent reaction with acids, forming hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with sodium hypochlorite. BENZYL OXIDE (103-SO-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 27S°F/l 35°C). Capable of spontaneous explosion. Forms unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BENZYL PHENYLFORMATE (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. BENZYL TRIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (56-93-9) Incompatible with strong acids. oxidizers.
BEOSIT@(115-29-7) Hydrolyzed in alkaline solutions. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, produces highly toxic sulfur and chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels, iron, and other metals.
BERYLLIUM DICHLORIDE
175
BERILIO (Spanish) (7440-41-7) Powder forms explosive mixture in air. Contact with acids or alkalis causes evolution of explosive hydrogen gas. Forms shock-sensitive mixtures with some chlorinated solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene. Violent reaction with chlorine, fluorine, lithium, phosphorus. Incompatible with alkalis, chlorinated hydrocarbons, halocarbons, oxidizable agents, oxidizers. BERNSTEINSAEURE (German) (110-15-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 455"F/235"C, forming succinic anhydride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. BEROL@478 (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F1101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. BERTHOLITE (7782-50-5) Corrosive gas that may be shipped as a liquid under its own vapor pressure. A strong oxidizer. Reacts explosively with acetylene, boron, diborane, or other boron hydrides at ordinary temperatures. Forms easily ignited, sensitive, explosive mixture with gases and vapors such as anhydrous ammonia, benzene, butane, ethane, ethylene, fluorine, hydrocarbons, formaldehyde, hydrogen, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, oxygen, propane, propene in the presence of heat, hot surfaces, welding arc, sparks, strong sunlight, UV light, or a catalyst such as mercury oxide. Contact with 2-carboxymethylisothiouronium chloride or s-ethylisothiouronium hydrogen sulfate may form nitrogen trichloride, a dangerous explosive. Violent reaction with combustible materials, reducing agents, molten aluminum (ignites on contact with gas), alcohols, arsenic compounds, arsine, bismuth, boron, calcium compounds, carbon, diethylzinc, dimethylformamide, ethyl phosphine, fluorine, germanium, hydrocarbons, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, iridium, lithium, lithium acetylide, magnesium, magnesium oxide, magnesium phosphide, mercury sulfide, methyl vinyl ether, metal carbides, molybdenum trioxide, potassium acetylide, sodium acetylide, sulfamic acid, sulfur dioxide, triethylborane, and many other substances. Forms explosive mixtures with gasoline and petroleum products, greases, phosphorus, turpentine, finely divided metals, organic compounds. Liquid chlorine reacts explosively with carbon disulfide, linseed oil, propylene, rubber, wax, white phosphorus. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Contact with hot solid metals, especially steel, can cause a dangerous fire ( e g , irodchlorine fire can cause the bursting of storage containers). Moist material is extremely corrosive to most metals, especially in the presence of heat. BERYLLIA (1304-56-9) Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, molten lithium. Reacts explosively with magnesium at elevated temperatures. BERYLLIUM or BERYLLIUM DUST (7440-41-7) Powder forms explosive mixture in air. Contact with acids or alkalis, causing evolution of explosive hydrogen gas. Forms shocksensitive mixtures with some chlorinated solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene. Violent reaction with chlorine, fluorine, lithium, phosphorus. Incompatible with alkalis, chlorinated hydrocarbons, halocarbons, oxidizable agents, oxidizers. BERYLLIUM CHLORIDE (7787-47-5) Water contact produces heat and hydrochloric acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BERYLLIUM DICHLORIDE (7787-47-5) Water contact produces heat and hydrochloric acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
176
BERYLLIUM DIFLUORIDE
BERYLLIUM DIFLUORIDE (7787-49-7) Mixtures with water form an acid solution. Incompatible with acids, caustics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, molten lithium, magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes. alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols. caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. BERYLLIUM FLUORIDE (7787-49-7) Mixtures with water form an acid solution. Incompatible with acids, caustics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, molten lithium, magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols. caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols. vinyl acetate.
BERYLLIUM MONOXIDE (1304-56-9) Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, molten lithium. Reacts explosively with magnesium at elevated temperatures.
BERYLLIUM OXIDE (1304-56-9) Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorinated hydrocarbons. oxidizers, molten lithium. Reacts explosively with magnesium at elevated temperatures.
BERYLLIUM SULFATE (13510-49-1) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum. magnesium, potassium. Incompatible with acids, caustics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, lithium.
BERYLLIUM SULFATE TETRAHYDRATE (13510-49-1) Reacts violently with carbon dust. finely divided aluminum, magnesium, potassium. Incompatible with acids, caustics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, lithium. BETRAPRONE (57-57-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 16S0F/74"C).Able to polymerize in elevated temperatures and decomposes at room temperature. forming unstable peroxides; stable below 4 I "F1S"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, aniline. chlorosulfonic acid, I,?-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethyleneimine, pyridine, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with 2-aminoethyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrolyzes in fresh water, forming hydracrylic acid; in salt water reacts with the chloride, forming khloropropionic acid.
BEXOL (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a tlammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes i n t o contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. BGE or n-BGE (2426-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 13O0F/S4"C). Air and light produce unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Strong caustics may cause polymerization. Attacks some plastics, and rubber.
BICHLORIDE of MERCURY
177
y-BHC@(58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. 4,4'-BIANILINE or p,p-BIANILINE (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. BIANISIDINE (95-53-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution. epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyauates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BIBENZENE (92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"F/113"C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. BICARBONATO AMONICO (Spanish) (1066-33-7) Violent reaction with acids, forming carbon dioxide. Reacts with strong bases, forming ammonia. Reacts with fluorine. magnesium, sodium hypochlorite. BICARBURETTED HYDROGEN (74-85-1) A flammable gas (-2 12"F/- 136°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, halogen acids. Chlorine compounds and sunlight or UV light can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with acids, halocarbons, lithium, nitrogen oxides, aluminum chloride, bromotrichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chlorotrifluoroethylene, copper, hydrogen bromide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, polyethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoro hypofluorite. Attacks cast iron. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BICHLORACETIC ACID (79-43-6) A medium-strong acid; incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids, bases, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, amides, glycols, isocyanates, ketones. Attacks metals, generating flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BICHLORIDE of MERCURY (7487-94-7) Contact with acids or acid fumes evolves chloride and mercury vapors. Possible violent reaction with chlorine nitrate, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with anhydrous ammonia, chloric acid, hydrozoic acid, light metals, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, sodium, potassium, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
178
BICHLORURE de ETHYLENE
BICHLORURE de ETHYLENE (French) (107-06-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/l3"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia, dimethylaminopropylamine, dinitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen peroxide, metal powders, aluminum, nitric acid, amides of lithium, potassium, or sodium. Contact with steam, or very hot surfaces produces hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Incompatible with alkalis. Corrosive to iron and other metals. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BICHLORURE de MERCURE (French) (7487-94-7) Contact with acids or acid fumes evolves chloride and mercury vapors. Possible violent reaction with chlorine nitrate, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with anhydrous ammonia, chloric acid, hydrozoic acid, light metals, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, sodium, potassium, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. BICHLORURE de PROPYLENE (French) (78-87-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point hO"F/I 5°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum and other light metals, forming explosive azide compounds. Strong acids can cause decomposition, with formation of hydrogen chloride vapors. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BICHROMATE d'AMMONIUM (French) (7789-09-5) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents. combustibles, bases. sodium nitrite. Decomposes at about 356"F/l8OoC, self-sustaining at about 1 3OO0F/704"C; heat causes material to expand dramatically with evolution of heat and nitrogen oxides; swelling may cause closed container to burst explosively. Solution is acidic. Acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics. ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. BICHROMATE of POTASH (7778-50-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause tire and cxplosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylamine, iron powder, nitric acid, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, tungsten and zirconium dusts. Mixture with sulfuric acid forms chromic acid. Incompatible with ethylene glycol, iron, tungsten. BICHROMATE of SODA (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents. acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein. antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide. I , I -dichloro- 1 -nitroethane. I ,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide. sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with m-bis(trichlormethyI)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols. aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactani solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride. phenols. Attacks aluminum copper. brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture.
BIEBERITE
179
BICHROMATEde SODIUM (French) (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l-dichloro-1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichIoropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum copper, brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture. BICHROME (7778-50-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylamine, iron powder, nitric acid, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, tungsten and zirconium dusts. Mixture with sulfuric acid forms chromic acid. Incompatible with ethylene glycol, iron, tungsten. BICYCLOHEPTADIENE (121-46-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 5"F/- 21 "C). Elevated temperatures form cycloheptatriene and other isomers. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
BICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPTADIENE (121-46-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash
point -5"F/-2loC). Elevated temperatures form cycloheptatriene and other isomers. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
BICYCLO-2,2,1-HEPTA-2,5-DIENE (121-46-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash
point - 5"F/- 2 1"C). Elevated temperatures form cycloheptatriene and other isomers. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
BICYCLOPENTADIENE (77-73-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OoF/-7"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms peroxides; may polymerize unless inhibited. Decomposes above 338"F/17OoC.Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BIDRIN (141-66-2) May react violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates. Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 135"F/55"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate. BIEBERITE (10124-43-3) Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, magnesium. Incompatible with oxidizers, acetylene, potassium chlorate.
180
BIETHYLENE
BIETHYLENE (106-99-0) Flammable gas (flash point
- 10S0F/-76"C). Self-reactive. In absence of an inhibitor, forms heat-, shock-. and impact-sensitive peroxides with air. Stabilize with rert-butyl catechol or other inhibitor and maintain levels at all times. Fires. explosions, or hazardous polymerization may result from contact with strong oxidizers, copper, high copper alloys, chlorine dioxide, crotonaldehyde, strong acids, nitrogen dioxide, ozone. phenol, sodium nitrite, or polymerization initiators such as azobisisobutylonitrile, hydroquinone, or peroxyacetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
BIFENILO POLICLOKADO (Spanish) (1336-36-3) Combustible liquids, resins, and solids (flash points vary from 286-383"F/l41-19SoC; the flash points of some of these materials are unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. strong acids. PCBs are generally chemically inert under normal conditions of temperature and pressure, and are stable to conditions of hydrolysis and oxidation in industrial use (IARC). However, strong UV light or sunlight may cause the formation of phenolic materials, and traces of polychlorinated dibenzofurans.
(1,1'-BIFENYL)-4,4'-DIAMlNE (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes. nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
BIFORMAI, or BIFORMYL (107-22-2) Flammable solid, but normally sold as an inhibited 407c solution. A highly reactive reducing agent. Violent reaction with water; causes polymerization. Temperatures above boiling point of 122"F/50nCcan cause polymerization. Reacts. possibly violently, with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, amides, aldehydes, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene amine, hydroxyl-containing materials. Corrosive to metals: aluminum, copper, tin, steel, zinc. BIG DIPPER (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine. trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point, liquid 307"F/IS3"C oc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (forms salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides. isocyanates. oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and poly-nitro products. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate. cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
BILORIN (64-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air [(90% solution) 122"F/SO0C]. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, furfuryl alcohol. hypochlorites, isocyanides, nitromethane, chromic acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentaoxide. strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, furfuryl alcohol. hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, palladium, thallium trinitrate trihydrate. Attacks aluminum, cast iron and steel, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Slowly decomposes in storage, forming carbon monoxide gas.
BlPHENYL OXIDE
181
BIMETHYL (74-84-0) Flammable gas (flash point - 13S0F/-93"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate. Incompatible with nitronium tetrafluoroborate( 1-). Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. BINITROBENZENES (99-65-0; 100-25-4; 528-29-0; 25154-54-8) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/lS0"C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
BIPHENYL (92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"F/113"C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. 1,l'-BIPHENYL (92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 23S°F/113°C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. 4,4'-BIPHENYLDIAMINE (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause tire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
(1,1'-BIPHENYL)-4,4'-DIAMINE (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with
strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
4,4'-BIPHENYLENEDIAMINE (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
BIPHENYL ETHER (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/115"C). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
BIPHENYL, MIXED WITH BIPHENYL OXIDE (8004-13-5) Combustible solid or liquid [freezing point S4"F/12"C (flash point 239"F/11S°C cc)]. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. BIPHENYL OXIDE (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/11SoC). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
182
BIPOTASSIUM CHROMATE
BIPOTASSIUM CHROMATE (7789-00-6)A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium, potassium iodide. sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, zirconium dusts. Mixtures with acid form potassium dichromate. Forms heat-, friction-, and shocksensitive explosive mixtures with many substances, including ammonium nitrate, S azidotetrazole, diazirine-3,3-dicarboxylicacid, organic solids. BIRNENOEL (628-63-7)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 60"F116"C). High
heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
BIS(ACETAT0)TRIHYDROXYTRILEAD(6080-56-4) Contact with acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with bases, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, cresols, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, phenols, salicylic acid sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, strong oxidizers, sulfites, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. BIS(ACET0) COBALT (71-48-7) Cobalt compounds react with oxidizers, acetylene. BIS(ACET0XY) CADMIUM (543-90-8) Incompatible with strong oxidizers, elemental sulfur, selenium, sulfides, tellurium, strong acids, nitrates.
BIS(ACETYL0XY) MERCURY (1600-27-7) Light and heat can cause decomposition.
May react violently or form sensitive explosive compounds with 2-butyne- 1,4-diol, fluoroacetylene, a-nitroguanidine, 5-nitrotetrazol. Incompatible with ammonia, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
BIS(2-AMIN0ETHYL)AMINE (111-40-0)Combustible liquid (flash point 208"F/9X0C oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates. aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols. strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. BIS(f3-AMINOETHYL)AMlNE (111-40-0)Combustible liquid (flash point 208"F/9X0C
oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates. ketones, mercury, phenols, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin. zinc, and their alloys.
N,"-BIS(2-AMINOETHYL)-1,2-DIAMINOETHANE(112-24-3)Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base (pH 10 in 1% aqueous
BIS(2-BUT0XYETHYL)ETHER
183
solution). Reacts with nitrogen-containing compounds; may cause violent decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffins, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, halons, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide, phenols, urea, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
(112-24-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base (pH 10 in 1% aqueous solution). Reacts with nitrogen-containing compounds; may cause violent decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffins, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide. sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, halons, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide, phenols, urea, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
N,"-BIS(2-AMINOETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE
N,Nr-BIS(2-AMINOETHYL)-1,2-ETHYLENED1AMINE (112-24-3) Combustible
liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base (pH 10 in 1% aqueous solution). Reacts with nitrogen-containing compounds; may cause violent decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffins, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates. alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, halons, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide, phenols, urea, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
BIS-(3-AMlNOPROPYL)AMlNE(56-18-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"FI 79°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids and strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
BIS(2-BUT0XYETHYL)ETHER(112-73-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/
1 18°C oc). React violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
184
BIS(re,?-BUTYL)CHROMATE
BIS(tert-BUTY1,)CHROMATE(1189-85-1)A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents. alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, powdered metals including aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride. Incompatible with water, steam.
BlS(p-CHLOR0BENZOYL)PEROXlDE(94-17-7)Explosive solid or paste. Thermally
unstable above 8OoF/27"C; explosion can be caused by exposure to direct sunlight, hot surfaces, or heat above 100"F/38"C. Highly toxic chlorinated biphenyls are emitted in fire. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents. combustible materials. metallic powders, organic substances, polymerization initiators, thiocyanates, or contaminants. Explosive polymerization may be initiated by shortwave radiation.
BIS(2-CHL0ROETHYL)ETHER(111-44-4)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 13 1 "F/5S0C). Contact with water produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorosulfuric acid, metal powders. fuming sulfuric acid. Attacks iron, mild steel, aluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
BIS(2-CHL0ROISOPROPYL)ETHER (108-60-1)Combustible liquid (flash point
17O0W77"C). Tends to form unstable peroxides on standing; elevated temperatures can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides. ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid and nitric acid, acyl halides. Incompatible with aluminum. copper, epoxy coatings.
BIS(2-CHLORO-I-METHYLETHYL ETHER) (108-60-1)Combustible liquid (flash
point 1 70°F/77"C). Tends to form unstable peroxides on standing; elevated temperatures can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate. bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid and nitric acid, acyl halides. Incompatible with aluminum, copper, epoxy coatings.
l,l-BIS(p-CHLOROPHENYL)-2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANE or 2,2-BIS(p-CHLOROPHENYL)-1,l-TRICHLOROETHANE or 2,2-BIS(p-CHLOROPHE-NYL)-1,l,l-TRICHLOROETHANE or a,a-BIS(p-CHLOR0PHENYL)-P,P,P-TRICHLORETHANE (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron
containers
l,l-BIS(p-CHLOROPHENYL)-2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANOL (115-32-2)This material is unstable in aqueous alkali; hydrolyzes, forming dichlorobenzophenone and chloroform. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. BIS(CI,OROMETIL)ETER (Spanish) (542-88-1)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 390"F/> 1 SSOC). Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, chlorosufonic acid, ozone. o-CHLOROANILINE (95-51-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 226"F/10S°C). Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, strong oxidizers. p-CHLOROANILINE (106-47-8) Combustible solid (flash point >390"F/> ISSOC). Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, chlorosufonic acid, ozone. CHLOROBEN (95-50-1) See Dichlorobenienes. CHLOROBENZAL (98-87-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Decomposes on contact with acids or bases, producing phosgene and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with many metals, sodium, potassium, aluminum. Contact with air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks plastics and coatings. a-CHLOROBENZALDEHYDE (98-88-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 162"F/72"C oc). Water contact may be violent; produces hydrochloric acid. Reacts with oxidizers, amines, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, dimethylsulfoxide. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics including PVC, and rubbers including natural, neoprene, and nitrile. 2XHLOROBENZENEAMINE (95-51-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 226"F/1OS0C). Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, strong oxidizers. 4-CHLOROBENZENEAMINE (106-47-8) Combustible solid (flash point >390"F/ > 1SSOC). Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, chlorosufonic acid, ozone. o-CHLOROBENZENEAMINE (95-51-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 226"F/10S°C). Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, strong oxidizers. CHLOROBENZOL (108-90-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/2SoC). Violent, possibly explosive, reaction with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, nitric acid, dimethylsulfoxide, powdered sodium, silver perchloride. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
288
/I-CHLOROBENZOYL PEROXIDE
p-CHLOROBENZOYL PEROXIDE (94-17-7) Explosive solid or paste. Thermally unstable above XO0F/27"C; explosion can be caused by exposure to direct sunlight, hot surfaces, Highly toxic chlorinated biphenyls are emitted in fire. A powerful or heat above1 OOoF/38"C. oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible inaterials, metallic powders, organic substances, polymerization initiators, thiocyanates, or contaminants. Explosive polymerization may be initiated by shortwave radiation. p,p'-CHLOROBENZOYL PEROXIDE (94-17-7) Explosive solid or paste. Thermally unstable above XOoF/27"C; explosion can be caused by exposure to direct sunlight, hot surfaces, or heat above100"F/38"C. Highly toxic chlorinated biphenyls are emitted in fire. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents. conibustible materials, metallic powders, organic substances, polymerization initiators, thiocyanates, or contaminants. Explosive polymerization may be initiated by shortwave radiation. CHLORO-1,l-BIPHENYL (1336-36-3) See PCBs. CHLORO BIPHENYLS (1336-36-3) See PCBs
CHLOROBIS(2-METHYLPR0PYL)ALUMINUM (1779-25-5) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols. sulfuric acid. sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent rextion with strong oxidizers. Store under a dry nitrogen blanket. CHLOROBROMOMETHANE (74-97-5) Reacts with diethylaluminum hydride, diketene. chemically active metals: powdered aluminum, calcium, magnesium, zinc. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. y-CHLOROBROMOPROPANE (109-70-6) May react with aluminum powder. liquid oxygen. potassium, sodium. Elevated temperatures or contact with hot surfaces produce hydrogen bromide and hydrogen chloride. 2-CHLOR-1,3-BUTADIEN (German) (126-99-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 4 T - 2 0 " C ) . Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor, it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 100"F/3X°C. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders, oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds. CHLOROBUTADIENE (126-99-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"FI - 20°C). Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor. it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 1 OO0F/38"C. Flow or agitation o f substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders,
CHLOROCARBONIC ACID, n-BUTYL ESTER
289
oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds.
2-CHLOROBUTADIENE (126-99-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor, it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 100°F/38"C. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders, oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds.
2-CHLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE (126-99-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4T-2O"C). Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor, it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 10O0F/38"C.Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders, oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds.
2-CHLOROBUTA-1,3-DIENE (126-99-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4T-2O"C). Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor, it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 100°F/38"C. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders, oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds.
1-CHLOROBUTANE (109-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). Reacts with water or UV light, slowly decomposing with the formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, finely divided metals, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks metals in presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
4-CHLOROBUTYRONITRILE (628-20-6) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
CHLOROCAMPHENE (8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 IoF/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. CHLOROCARBONIC ACID, n-BUTYL ESTER (592-34-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C cc). Reacts slowly with water, producing hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bases. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines,
290
CHLOROCARBONIC ACID, METHYL ESTER
alkanolamines. alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
CHLOROCARBONIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (79-22-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water or steam, forming hydrochloric acid, carbon dioxide gas, and methanol. Violent reaction with alkali metals, dialkylzincs, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethers, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong bases, alcohols. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. CHLORO(CHLOROMETH0XY)METHANE (542-88-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 212"F/ >100°C). Reacts with water, acid, or acid fumes, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with ammonia, caustics, strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
300
I -CHLORONAPHTHALENE
1-CHLORONAPHTHALENE (90-13-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 249"F/121"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire or explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum. liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-CHLORONAPHTHALENE (91-58-7) Combustible liquid. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire or explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium. sodium. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. a-CHLORONAPHTHALENE (90-13-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 249"F/12loC). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire or explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. P-CHLORONAPHTHALENE (91-58-7) Combustible liquid. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire or explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-CHLORO-4-NITROANILINE (121-87-9) Combustible solid (flash point 401 O F / 205'C). Contact with strong acids causes decomposition with formation of hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. o-CHLORO-p-NITROANILINE (121-87-9) Combustible solid (flash point 40 I OF/ 205°C). Contact with strong acids causes decomposition with formation of hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosion. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. CHLORONITROBENZENES (m-, 121-73-3; 0-,88-73-3; p - , 100-00-5) Combustible solid (217"F/103"C, in-isomer; flash point 255"F/124"C, o-isomer). A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1-CHLORO-2-NITROBENZENE (88-73-3) Combustible solid (flash point 255"F/ 124°C). A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material). ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1,4-CHLORONITROBENZENE (100-00-5) Combustible solid (flash point 260"F/ 127°C). Forms explosive mixture with air. A strong oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. 2-CHLORONITROBENZENE (88-73-3) Combustible solid (flash point 255"F/l24"C). A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents. combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia. amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
CHLOROPENTAFLSIOROETHANE
301
2-CHLORO-1-NITROBENZENE (88-73-3) Combustible solid (flash point 255"F/ 124°C). A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
rn-CHLORONITROBENZENE (121-73-3) Combustible solid (flash point 21 7"F/ 103°C). A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
o-CHLORONITROBENZENE (88-73-3) Combustible solid (flash point 255"F1124"C). A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
p-CHLORONITROBENZENE (100-00-5) Combustible solid (flash point 260"F/127"C). Forms explosive mixture with air. A strong oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
CHLORO-o-NITROBENZENE (88-73-3) Combustible solid (flash point 25S°F/1 24°C). A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. Reacts with caustics (and may increase thermal sensitivity of this material), ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1,l-CHLORONITROETHANE (598-92-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 133"F/S6"C). Shock-, heat-, and friction-sensitive explosive. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydride. Contact with metal oxides can increase this material's explosive sensitivity. Quickly elevated temperatures can cause deflagration (explosive burning).
1-CHLORO-Z-NITROETHANE (598-92-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 133"F/56"C). Shock-, heat-, and friction-sensitive explosive. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydride. Contact with metal oxides can increase this material's explosive sensitivity. Quickly elevated temperatures can cause deflagration (explosive burning). 1-CHLORO-2-OXOPROPANE (78-95-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 40°F/7"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with virtually any compound with active hydrogen atom, alkalis, sodium ethoxide. Turns dark and resinifies on prolonged exposure to light; old material can explode. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (76-15-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
302
CHLOROPHEN
CHLOROPHEN (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
CHLOROPHENATE (106-48-9) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/12 1"C). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Attacks active metals, aluminum, copper, etc.
2-CHLOROPHENOL (95-57-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with organic acids; toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene may evolve from decomposition. Attacks aluminum and copper. 4-CHLOROPHENOL (106-48-9) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/121 "C). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Attacks active metals, aluminum, copper, etc.
o-CHLOROPHENOL (95-57-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with organic acids; toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene may evolve from decomposition. Attacks aluminum and copper.
p-CHLOROPHENOL (106-48-9) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/12IoC). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Attacks active metals, aluminum, copper, etc.
CHLOROPHENOTHANE (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers.
CHLOROPHENOTOXUM (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers.
2-CHLOROPHENYLAMINE (95-51-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 226"F/ IOS'C). Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, strong oxidizers.
4-CHLOROPHENYLAMINE (106-47-8)
Combustible solid (flash point >390"F/
> ISSOC). lncompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, isocyanates,
aldehydes, chlorosufonic acid, ozone.
p-CHLOROPHENYL CHLORIDE (106-46-7) See Dichlorobenzenes. CHLOROPHENYLMETHANE (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point I53"F/ 67°C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, tin, zinc. and other metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
P-CHLOROPRENE
303
CHLOROPHOS (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel. CHLOROPICRIN (76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. CHLOROPICRINE (French) (76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. CHLOROPLATINIC ACID (16941-12-1) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, bromine trifluoride, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
CHLOROPLATINIC(1V) ACID (16941-12-1) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, bromine trifluoride, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
CHLOROPRENE (126-99-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"FI -20°C). Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor, it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 100"F/3SoC. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders, oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds.
3-CHLOROPRENE (107-05-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -20"F/ -29°C). Violent polymerization and explosion may occur from elevated temperatures, light, acid catalysts, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, Lewis acids, or Ziegler catalysts, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkyl aluminum chlorides. Incompatible with strong acids, oleum, amines, aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, ferric chloride, sodium hydroxide. Slow decomposition with moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Corrosive to steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
P-CHLOROPRENE (126-99-8)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"Fl -20OC). Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor, it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 100"F/38"C. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders, oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds.
304
1 -CHLOROPROPANE
1-CHLOROPROPANE (540-54-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 230"F/ 110°C cc). The aqueous solution is a medium-strong acid. Reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Only aluminum or stainless steel with protective lining or coating may contact liquid or vapor. a-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID (598-78-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 225"F/ 107°C). The aqueous solution is a medium-strong acid. Reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Only aluminum or stainless steel with protective lining or coating may contact liquid or vapor. P-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID (107-94-8) Combustible liquid (flash point >230"F/ 110°C cc). The aqueous solution is a medium-strong acid. Reaction with strong oxidizers,
306
3-CHLOROPROPYL BROMIDE
strong bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Only aluminum or stainless steel with protective lining or coating may contact liquid or vapor.
3-CHLOROPROPYL BROMIDE (109-70-6) May react with aluminum powder, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. Elevated temperatures or contact with hot surfaces produce hydrogen bromide and hydrogen chloride. 3-CHLOROPROPYLENE (107-05-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 20"F/- 29°C). Violent polymerization and explosion may occur from elevated temperatures, light, acid catalysts, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, Lewis acids, or Ziegler catalysts, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkyl aluminum chlorides. Incompatible with strong acids, oleum, amines, aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, ferric chloride, sodium hydroxide. Slow decomposition with moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Corrosive to steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
a-CHLOROPROPYLENE (107-05-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 2 0 T - 29°C). Violent polymerization and explosion may occur from elevated temperatures, light, acid catalysts, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, Lewis acids, or Ziegler catalysts, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkyl aluminum chlorides. Incompatible with strong acids, oleum, amines, aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, ferric chloride, sodium hydroxide. Slow decompocition with moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Corrosive to steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
y-CHLOROPROPYLENE (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/2 I "C).Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron(II1) chloride, or zinc can cause explosive polymerimtion. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium tert-butoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic aniines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-CHLOROPROPYLENE OXIDE (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/2 1 "C). Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides, aluminum, aluminum chloride. iron(l1I) chloride. or zinc can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium terfbutoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-CHLOROPROPYLENE OXIDE (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6Y0F/21"C). Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides. aluminum. aluminum chloride. iron(1II) chloride, or zinc can cause explosive
CHLOROSn
307
polymerization. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium tertbutoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
3-CHLORO-1,2-PROPYLENE OXIDE (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/2 1"C). Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron(II1) chloride, or zinc can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium tert-butoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
7-CHLOROPROPYLENE OXIDE (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/2loC). Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron(II1) chloride, or zinc can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium tertbutoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-CHLOROPROPYNE (624-65-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point >59"F/> 15OC). Elevated temperatures can cause deflagration and formation of hydrogen chloride gas. A shock-, impact-, pressure-, and heat-sensitive material that should be treated and stored as an explosive unless stabilized or diluted with toluene [which lowers the flash point slightly (39"F/4"C; 25% solution)]. Violent reaction or explosion on contact with oxidizers, ammonia, mercury. Reacts, possibly violently, or forms sensitive and highly unstable metal acetylides with cobalt, silver, copper, magnesium, mercury, and their compounds (e.g., silver nitrate) and alloys. Attacks most metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
CHLOROSB (7681-52-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer and strong base. Violent reaction with strong acids (giving off chlorine gas), reducing agents, combustible substances, organic substances, benzyl cyanide, hydroxylamine. Decomposes in sunlight, producing oxygen with increased risk of fire. Stability is decreased with concentration, heat, light, decrease in pH, and contamination with metals. Contact with amines and ammonia salts produces explosive chloroamines. Reaction with ammonium sulfate forms explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reacts with urea, forming explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrolein, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene,cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 1,1-dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, s-trioxane, vinyl acetate.
308
CHLOROSILANE
Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes many metals: steel, 12% and 17% chrome steel, cast iron, monel, aluminum. nickel. brass, bronze, iconel, titanium.
CHLOROSILANE (4109-96-0) Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously in ambient air. Flammable gas (flash point 62OFI-52"C). Reacts with water, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia, halocarbons. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitrogen oxides, nitrates, nitrites, chlorofluoromethanes, and many other substances. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. ~
2-CHLOROSTYRENE or o-CHLOROSTYRENE (2039-87-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 143"F/62"C). Able to form unstable peroxides (may be stabilized with 0.1% hydroquinone). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions, strong acids. Incompatible with strong bases, butyl lithium, 2,5-dimethyl2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, ferric chloride, halogens, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. CHLOROSULFONIC ACID (7790-94-5) A strong oxidizer and strong mineral acid. Dangerously reactive; avoid contact with all other material. Reacts with moist air, forming corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with water, forming strong sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, and dense, corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with bases, reducing agents, combustible materials, acids (explosive reaction with sulfuric acid), acetic anhydride, alcohols, aldehydes, allyl chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cumene, diisobutylene, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate. ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylene glycol, ethylenimine, glyoxal, organic materials, phosphorus, propylene oxide, pyridine, silver nitrate, sodium hydroxide, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, etc. Forms explosive material with cresols, ethyl alcohol. Attacks many metals (including storage containers), forming flammable hydrogen gas. CHLOROSULFURlC ACID (7790-94-5) A strong oxidizer and strong mineral acid. Dangerously reactive; avoid contact with all other material. Reacts with moist air, forming corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with water, forming strong sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, and dense, corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with bases, reducing agents, combustible materials, acids (explosive reaction with sulfuric acid), acetic anhydride, alcohols, aldehydes, allyl chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cumene, diisobutylene, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylene glycol. ethylenimine. glyoxal, organic materials, phosphorus, propylene oxide, pyridine, silver nitrate, sodium hydroxide, styrene. vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, etc. Forms explosive material with cresols, ethyl alcohol. Attacks many metals (including storage containers). forming flammable hydrogen gas. CHLOKOTHENE (71-55-6) Combustible at higher temperatures, above 995"F/535"C. Forms explosive mixture with air (range 7.5-12.5% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts. possibly violently, with strong caustics, strong oxidizers, acetone, sodium, amides, chemically active metals, metal powders of aluminum, bronze, copper, magnesium, manganese, sodium, zinc, and their alloys, liquid and gaseous oxygen, aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, trimethyl aluminum. Mixtures with potassium or its alloys are shock-sensitive. Mixtures with nitrogen tetroxide are explosive. Contact with hot metal or exposure to UV-radiation will cause
o-CHLOROTOLUENE
309
decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and dichloroacetylene gases. Reacts slowly with water, releasing corrosive hydrochloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. The uninhibited grade is corrosive to aluminum. Attacks aluminum and its alloys, other metals, especially in the presence of moisture.
2-CHLOROTOLUENE (95-49-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 96"Fl 36°C). Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Elevated temperatures or contact with acids or acid fumes can produce toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids. May cause pitting and stress corrosion of austcnitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-CHLOROTOLUENE (108-41-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 123"F/Sl°C). Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Elevated temperatures or contact with acids or acid fumes can produce toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids. May cause pitting and stress corrosion of austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
4-CHLOROTOLUENE (106-43-4)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 120°F/49"C oc). Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Elevated temperatures or contact with acids or acid fumes can produce toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids. May cause pitting and stress corrosion of austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
a-CHLOROTOLUENE (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, tin, zinc, and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. rn-CHLOROTOLUENE (108-41-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 123"F/S1"C). Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Elevated temperatures or contact with acids or acid fumes can produce toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids. May cause pitting and stress corrosion of austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
o-CHLOROTOLUENE (95-49-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 96"F/36"C). Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Elevated temperatures or contact with acids or acid fumes can produce toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids. May cause pitting and stress corrosion of
310
w-CHLOROTOLUENE
austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
w-CHLOROTOLUENE (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, tin, zinc, and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. p-CHLOROTOLUENE (106-43-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 2OoF/49"C oc). Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Elevated temperatures or contact with acids or acid fumes can produce toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids. May cause pitting and stress corrosion of austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
CHLOROTOLUIDINE (95-79-4) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. 4-CHLORO-o-TOLUIDINE (95-79-4) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes.
5-CHLORO-o-TOLUIDINE (95-79-4) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes.
CHLOROTRIAZINE (108-77-0) Reacts with moist air, forming fumes of hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent exothermic reaction with water above 86"F/30°C or steam, forming hydrogen chloride and cyanic acid. Violent reaction with ethanol, dimethylformamide, dirnethylsulfoxide, methanol. Isolate from alcohols and caustic materials. CHLOROTRIFLUORIDE (7790-91-2) A powerful oxidizer. Corrosive gas shipped as a liquid. Reacts violently with water; forming chlorine and hydrofluoric acid. Will cause spontaneous ignition on contact with most combustible materials. Explodes on contact with organic materials, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane. Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizable materials, aluminum, aluminum oxide, ammonia, arsenic trioxide, benzene, boron-containing materials, calcium, chromic anhydride, chromic oxide, chromium trioxide, copper, most elements, fuels, graphite, hydrogen-containing materials, iridium, iron, lead, oxides, iodine, finely divided metals, metal oxides, lead dioxide, magnesium, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, mercuric iodide, molybdenum, molybdenum trioxide, phosphorus, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium, reducing agents, refractory materials like sand, glass, asbestos, and silicon-containing compounds, selenium, sodium hydroxide, tellurium. tungsten, etc. Emits highly toxic fumes on contact with acids. Forms explosive
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mixtures with carbon tetrachloride, germanium chloride, and other highly chlorinated compounds, nitroaryl compounds, ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride. Reacts, often violently, with most forms of plastics, rubber, coatings, and resins, except for highly fluorinated polymers such as Teflon@and Kel-F@.
CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE (79-38-9) Flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). Unless inhibited (terpenes; 1 % tributylamine are recommended), this material forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine perchlorate, fluorine, ethylene, dichloroethylene, oxygen. Incompatible with chlorine trifluoride, vinylidene chloride. CHLOROTRIFLUOROMETHANE (75-72-9) Violent reaction with aluminum. Reacts with magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. CHLOROTRIMETHYLSILANE (75-77-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1 8 T - 2 8 " C cc). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen. Vigorous reaction with aluminum. Store in temperatures below 70°F/21"C. CHLOROTRIMETHYLSILICANE (75-77-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -8"F/-28"C cc). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen. Vigorous reaction with aluminum. Store in temperatures below 70°F/2 1"C. CHLOROTRIPHENYLSTANNANE (639-58-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Keep away from moisture.
CHLOROTRIPHENYLTIN (639-58-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Keep away from moisture.
CHLOROUS ACID, SODIUM SALT (7758-19-2) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively above 302"F/150°C, liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A strong oxidizer and highly reactive explosive. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, finely divided metals, acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,1-dichloro- 1 -nitroethane, 1.3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, red phosphorus, sodium hydrosulfite, sulfur-containing materials, s-trioxane. etc. Reacts with acids, forming chlorine dioxide gas. Friction, shock, heat, or contact with acids, oils, and greases, or contamination with organic solids and many other materials may cause ignition or explosion. Incompatible with in-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene.
312
CHLORO di VINYLE
CHLORO di VINYLE (Italian) (75-01-4) Extremely flammable liquefied gas (flash point - 108"F/-78"C). Forms unstable peroxides with atmospheric oxygen, strong oxidizers, and various contaminants; possible violent polymerization. Polymerization can occur when heated or on long-term exposure to light. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers or oxides of nitrogen. Contact with copper or other acetylide-forming metals form sensitive explosive compounds. Reacts with aluminum, copper, and their alloys. Attacks iron and steel in the presence of moisture. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
CHLOROZONE (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/I 80°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with ctrong oxidizers, alkalis. 1-CHLORPENTANE (543-59-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C oc). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. On contact with acids or acid fumes, or when heated to decomposition, produces highly toxic chloride fumes and deadly phosgene gas. Attacks austenitic stainless steels in the presence of moisture. o-CHLORPHENOL (German) (95-57-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with organic acids: toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene may evolve from decomposition. Attacks aluminum and copper. CHLORPICRINA (Italian) (76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock. or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide. combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. CH1,ORPIKRIN (German) (76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition. forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium tnethoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. 3-CHLORPROPEN (German) (107-05-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -20"F/-B0C). Violent polymerization and explosion may occur from elevated temperatures, light, acid catalysts, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, Lewis acids, or Ziegler catalysts, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkyl aluminum chlorides. Incompatible with strong acids, oleum, amines. aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, ferric chloride, sodium hydroxide. Slow decomposition with moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics. and rubber. Corrosive to steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
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313
CHLORPYRIFOS (2921-88-2) Incompatible with strong acids, antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Hydrolyzes from acid or alkaline solutions. CHLORSAURE (German) (7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below S72"F/30OoC, liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metalphosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodiuni amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, imbis(trich1ormethyI)benzene. a-CHLORTOLUOL (German) (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point lS3"F/67"C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper. iron, magnesium, tin, zinc, and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
CHLORURE d'ALUMINUM (French) (7446-70-0) Contact with moist air or water produces hydrogen chloride and heat. Contact with water, alcohol, alkenes, bases, epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide can result in violent polymerization. Incompatible with butyl nitrate, glycidol, methyl chloride, organic material, oxygen difluoride, phenyl azide. Forms shocksensitive or explosive compounds with ammonium nitrate, nitrobenzene. Attacks metals including 316 stainless steel in the presence of moisture. CHLORURE de BENZENYLE (French) (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127°C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
CHLORURE de BENZYLE (French) (100-44-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C cc). Contact with atmospheric moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Unless inhibited, violent polymerization (with the generation of heat and hydrogen chloride) may be caused by contact with aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, tin, zinc, and metals other than lead and nickel. Inhibitors including propylene oxide, sodium carbonate, or triethylamine may be effective. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
314
CHLORURE de BENZYLIDENE
CHLORURE de BENZYLIDENE (French) (98-87-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Decomposes on contact with acids or bases, producing phosgene and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with many metals, sodium, potassium, aluminum. Contact with air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks plastics and coatings.
CHLORURE de BUTYLE (French) (109-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1S0F/-9"C). Reacts with water or UV light, slowly decomposing with the formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, finely divided metals, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks metals in presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CHLORURE de CHLORACETYLE (French) (79-04-9) Forms corrosive vapors with air. Violent decomposition in water, producing chloroacetic acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Violent reaction with combustibles, alcohols, metal powders, sodium amide, many organic materials and compounds, causing toxic fumes and the danger of fire and explosion. Aqueous solution is incompatible with caustics, alkalis, alcohols, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, ammonia, caustics, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, sulfuric acid.
CHLORURE de CHROMYLE (French) (14977-61-8) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with water, producing hydrochloric and chromic acids, and chlorine gas. Potentially violent and explosive reaction with reducing agents, acetone, alcohols, calcium sulfide, combustible materials, gaseous or liquid ammonia, ethers, nonmetal halides, fuels, nonmetal hydrides, fluorine, organic matter, organic solvents, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, sodium azide, elemental sulfur, sulfur monochloride, turpentine, urea. Decomposes slowly in light. CHLORURE de CYANOGENE (French) (506-77-4) Violent polymerization can be caused by chlorine or moisture. Violent reaction with alcohols, acids, acid salts, amines, strong alkalis, olefins, strong oxidizers. In crude form, this chemical trimerizes violently if catalyzed by traces of hydrogen chloride or ammonium chloride. Prolonged storage may cause the formation of polymers. Alkaline conditions will convert this chemical to cyanide. Corrodes brass, copper, bronze. CHLORURE de DICHLORACETYLE (French) (79-36-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 151"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, alcohols. Reacts with moist air, water, steam, forming hydrogen chloride. Packaged under nitrogen gas. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks most plastics and rubber although Vitonm has high resistance to permeation. Austenitic stainless steels are susceptible to pitting attack and stress corrosion in the presence of chlorides. CHLORURE de ETHYLE (French) (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58"F/ -50°C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
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315
CHLORURE de ETHYLENE (French) (107-06-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia, dimethylaminopropylamine, dinitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen peroxide, metal powders, aluminum, nitric acid, amides of lithium, potassium, or sodium. Contact with steam, or very hot surfaces produces hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Incompatible with alkalis. Corrosive to iron and other metals. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CHLORURE de ETHYLIDENE (French) (75-34-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10°F/- 12°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium. Incompatible with strong caustics, alkaline earth (barium, calcium, strontium; sometime magnesium is included) and alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.). Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. CHLORURE MERCUREUX (French) (10112-91-1, 7546-30-7) Violent reaction with sodium. Incompatible with alkali chlorides, ammonia, bromides, carbonates, cocaine hydrochloride, cyanides, copper salts, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxides, iodides, iodine, iodoform, lead salts, potassium iodide, silver salts, sulfates, sulfides, sulfites. CHLORURE MERCURIQUE (French) (7487-94-7) Contact with acids or acid fumes evolves chloride and mercury vapors. Possible violent reaction with chlorine nitrate, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with anhydrous ammonia, chloric acid, hydrozoic acid, light metals, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, sodium, potassium, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. CHLORURE de METHYLE (French) (74-87-3) Flammable gas (flash point 39OoF/
> 188°C). Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, chlorosufonic acid, ozone.
CLOROBEN (95-50-1) See Dichlorobenzenes. CLOROBENCENO (Spanish) (108-90-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/28*C). Violent, possibly explosive, reaction with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, nitric acid, dimethylsulfoxide, powdered sodium, silver perchloride. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
334
CLOROBENZAL
CLOROBENZAL (Spanish) (98-87-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/ 67°C). Decomposes on contact with acids or bases, producing phosgene and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with many metals, sodium, potassium, aluminum. Contact with air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Attacks plastics and coatings. 2-CLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE(Italian) (126-99-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Unless inhibited, this material can form unstable peroxides that cause polymerization at room temperature. With inhibitor, it will polymerize in elevated temperatures above 100°F/38"C. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Violent reaction with gaseous or liquid fluorine, alkali metals, metal powders, oxidizers. Attacks PVC; natural, butyl, neoprene, and nitrile rubbers; and coatings. Contact with divalent light metals can form highly reactive compounds. CLORODIETILSILANO (Spanish) (1609-19-4) Forms explosive mixture with air; may self-ignite (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Reacts with water, steam, forming heat and hydrochloric acid. Mixtures with ammonia form a material that can self-ignite. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. May attack some plastics, rubbers, and coatings.
l-CLORO-2,4-DINITROBENCENO (Spanish) (97-00-7) Combustible solid (flash point
382"F/194"C cc). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, mineral acids, aluminum. Forms explosive salts with strong alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia.
CLOROETANO (Italian) (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58"F/-50°C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. o-CLOROFENOL (Spanish) (95-57-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with organic acids; toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene may evolve from decomposition. Attacks aluminum and copper. p-CLOROFENOL (Spanish) (106-48-9) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/121 "C). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Attacks active metals, aluminum, copper, etc. CLOROFORMIATO de ETILO (Spanish) (541-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 61 "F116"C). Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride. Reacts slowly with water or steam, forming hydrochloric acid and ethanol. Strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, ethers, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, phenol. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CLOROFORMIATO de METILO (Spanish) (79-22-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water or steam. forming hydrochloric acid, carbon dioxide gas, and
2-CLORO-4-NITROANILINA
335
methanol. Violent reaction with alkali metals, dialkylzincs, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethers, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong bases, alcohols. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
CLOROFORMO (Spanish) (67-66-3) Decomposes in the presence of excess water, high temperatures, including hot surfaces, evolving phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Contact with warm water forms hydrochloric acid. Decomposes at ordinary temperatures in sunlight in the absence of air, and in the dark in the presence of air. Mixtures with strong bases, alkali metals, lithium, sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium alloy cm form explosive materials that may be heat-, friction-, and/or impact-sensitive. Violent reaction with light metals, aluminum, magnesium or titanium powder, disilane, potassium-tert-butoxide, methylates, potassium acetylene-1,2-dioxide, sodium amide, uranium(II1) hydride. Incompatible with acetone, beryllium, decaborane, nitrogen tetroxide, strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen, potassium, sodium, sodium methylate, strong mineral acids, chemically active metals, zinc. Attacks many plastics and rubber. Attacks iron and other metals in the presence of moisture and elevated temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CLOROMETANO (Italian) (74-87-3) Flammable gas (flash point 60°C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air; may decompose in moist air. A weak oxidizer. Incompatible with strong bases, strong reducing agents, strong oxidizers, some combustible materials, some organic substances. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
2,5-CYCLOHEXADIENE-1,4-DIONE (106-51-4) Flammable or combustible solid
(flash point depends on humidity 100-2OO0F/38-93"C cc; also listed at about 104"F/40°C; the higher the humidity, the greater the chance that material will self-heat and decompose exothermically >14O0F/>6OoC.).Dust forms explosive mixture with air; may decompose in moist air. A weak oxidizer. Incompatible with strong bases, strong reducing agents, strong oxidizers, some combustible materials, some organic substances. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
CYCLOHEXAMETHYENEIMINE (111-49-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7loF/21"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and alloys. CYCLOHEXANAMINE (108-91-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 79"F/26"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with copper alloys, zinc, or galvanized steel. CYCLOHEXANE (110-82-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetroxide. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CYCLOHEXANOL or 1-CYCLOHEXANOL(108-93-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 11"F/44"C). Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid above 165"F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CYCLOHEXANONE (108-94-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 11"F/44"C). Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent
368
CYCLOHEXANONE PEROXIDE
reaction with nitric acid above 165"F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
CYCLOHEXANONE PEROXIDE (78-18-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1I "F/44" cc). A strong oxidizer. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage and may be sensitive to heat and shock. Reacts violently with combustible materials, reducing agents, organic substances. finely divided metals, caustics, ammonia. Attacks copper and its alloys; some plastics. CYCLOHEXANONE OXIME (100-64-1) Combustible solid (flash point 2 17"F/103"C). May forin unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Reacts with strong oxidizers, strong acids; in the presence of elevated temperatures above 300°F/149"C. the reaction may be explosive. CYCLOHEXATRIENE (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 11 "C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material, ozohenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
CYCLOHEXENE (110-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 210°F/>99"C). Reacts with oxidizers. Decomposes at 482"F/250°C.
CY CLOHEXYLDIMETHYLAMINE or N-CYCLO-HEXYLDIMETHYLAMINE (9894-2) Forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, chlorinated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acry lates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and alloys.
2-CYCLOHEXYL-4,6-DINITROPHENOL (131-89-5)Combustible solid (flash point
unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UV light may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
CYCLOHEXYL ETHANE (1678-91-7)Forms explosive mixture with air flash point 95"F/35"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetroxide. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. N-CYCLOHEXYLETHYLAMINE (5459-93-8)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash
point 86"F/3OoC). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and alloys. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
CYCLOHEXYL KETONE (108-94-1)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
111"F/44"C). Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid above 165"F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
CYCLOHEXYLMETHANE (108-87-2)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 25"F/-4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetraoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CYCLONITE (121-82-4)Usually moistened with up to 15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is highly explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids, strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosion. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. CYCLOPENTADIENE or 1,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE (542-92-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26"F/-3"C). Unless inhibited, this substance may polymerize in moderate heat. Monomer converted (dimerized) to higher-boiling dicyclopentadiene at
370
CYCLOPENTADIENE, DIMER or 1,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE,DIMER
32"F/0°C; this conversion may be violent and exothermic. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, alkaline earth metals, dinitrogen tetroxide, magnesium, peroxides, potassium hydroxide, trichloroacetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. It is recommended that the monomer should be stored in airtight packaging at - 112"F/-80°C or lower.
CYCLOPENTADIENE, DIMER or 1,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE, DIMER (77-73-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 20°F/-7"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms peroxides; may polymerize unless inhibited. Decomposes above 338"F/l7O"C. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. CYCLOPENTANE (287-92-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 10°C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks many common metals. DECANOIC ACID or n-DECANOIC ACID (334-48-5) Combustible solid (flash point >230°F/> 1 10°C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks most common metals. DECANOL, n-DECANOL, or 1-DECANOL ( I 12-30-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"Coc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth, alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates,
n-DECYLIC ACID
377
peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
n-DECATYL ALCOHOL (112-30-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C oc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth, alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
DECENE, 1-DECENE, or a-DECENE (872-05-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 128"F/5OoC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Incompatible with strong acids.
n-DECOIC ACID (334-48-5) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks most common metals. DECYL ACRYLATE or n-DECYL ACRYLATE (2156-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 441OF1227"C oc). Able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Will polymerize unless inhibited. Polymerization can be caused by heat, strong oxidizers, if cooled so that the inhibitor crystallizes, if stored in an oxygen-free atmosphere, or if stored in contact with copper and copper alloys, zinc and zinc alloys with more than 10% zinc, and galvanized steel. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, strong oxidizers, polymerization initiators. Swells some rubbers, and softens some paints and coatings. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow.
n-DECYL ALCOHOL (112-30-1) Combustible liquid [flash point 1 80°F/82"C oc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth, alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
1-DECYL ALDEHYDE or n-DECYL ALDEHYDE (112-31-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"Coc). Reacts violently with bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks galvanized steel. DECYLBENZENE or n-DECYLBENZENE (104-72-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 22SoF/107"C cc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
n-DECYLIC ACID (334-48-5) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene
378
DECYLIC ALCOHOL
oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks most common metals.
DECYLIC ALCOHOL (112-30-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"C oc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline-earth, alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobuty laluminum. DEFILIN (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. DEHYDRITE (10034-81-8) A powerful oxidizer. Potentially violent or explosive reaction with reducing agents, alcohols, ammonia gas, argon (wet), butyl fluorides, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene oxide, fluorobutane (wet), fuels, hydrazines, hydrocarbons, mineral acids, powdered metals, organic matter, phosphorus, trimethyl phosphite. Mixture with ethanol forms explosive ethyl perchlorate. Incompatible with alkenes, and many other materials. Shock may cause magnesium perchlorate to explode. DELICIA (7803-51-2) Unusually reactive, extremely flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously or explode in air (although pure, uncontaminated material may not explode in air until 212"F/1OO0C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, pure oxygen. Evolves flammable hydrogen; reacts violently or forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive products with many substances, including acids, alkalis, amines, boron trichloride, bromine, dichlorine oxide, halogenated compounds, lead hyponitrite, mercury nitrate, nitrogen chloride. Elevated temperatures above 700"F/37 1°C may cause storage cylinders to explode. DELICIA GASTOXIN (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate. DEMETON or DEMETON 0 + DEMETON S (8065-48-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90-1 13"F/32-45"C in xylene solvent). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. caustics.
DEMOX@ (8065-48-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90-1 13"F/ 32-45°C in xylene solvent). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics.
DENAPON (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. DENSINFLUAT (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide.
DIACETONALCOOL
379
Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
DEOVAL@(50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers. 2-DEOXYGLYCEROL (504-63-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/>74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. DETA (111-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OS0F/98"Coc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly with other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. DIACETATO de ETILENGLICOL (Spanish) (111-55-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 191oF/SS°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitrates. DIACETATO de PLOMO (Spanish) (301-04-2) Contact with strong acids forms acetic acid. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, citrates, cresols, chloral hydrate, chlorides, carbonates, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, potassium bromate, phenols, phosphates, resorcinol, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, sulfites, tartrates, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. DIACETIC ETHER (141-97-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. DIACETILO (Spanish) (431-03-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 43"F/6"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Ketones react violently with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Unstable peroxides can be formed when some ketones react with hydrogen peroxide; many are heat- and shock-sensitive explosives. DIACETONALCOOL (Italian) (123-42-22) Forms explosive mixture with air above 136"F/58"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl
380
DIACETONALKOHOL
peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148OF164"C.
DIACETONALKOHOL (German) (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture with air above 136"F/58"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum. triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148"F/64"C. DIACETONE ALCOHOL (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture with air above 136"F/58"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148"F/64"C. DIACETONE, 4-HYDROXY-4-METHYL-2-PENTATONE, 2-METHYL-2-PENTANOL-CONE (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture with air above I36"F/58"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 14S°F/64"C. DIACETOXYMERCURY (1600-27-7) Light and heat can cause decomposition. May react violently or form sensitive explosive compounds with 2-butyne- 1,4-diol, fluoroacetylene, a-nitroguanidine, 5-nitrotetrazol. Incompatible with ammonia, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. DIACETYL (431-03-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 43"F/6"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Ketones react violently with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Unstable peroxides can be formed when some ketones react with hydrogen peroxide; many are heat- and shock-sensitive explosives. 1,2-DIACETYLETHANE (110-13-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
DIAETHYLAMINOAETHANOL
381
a,P-DIACETYLETHANE (110-13-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. DIACETYL METHANE (123-54-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 93"F/34"C). May form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air; may undergo explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, organic acids, isocyanates. DIACETYL PEROXIDE (110-22-5) Flammable liquid (flash point 113"F/45"C oc). Thermally unstable and unpredictable explosive: heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive, selfreactive. A powerful oxidizing agent. Reacts with water. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, organic substances, finely divided metals, hydrazines. Usually stored as a solution of 25% with 75% dimethyl phthalate at temperatures (optimum) of 32"-41"F/Oo-5"C. Pure material must be stored at lower temperatures (230°F/> 110°C).Incompatible with acids, bases, strong oxidizers.
DlBROMURE d'ETHYLENE (French) (106-93-4) Slowly decomposes in heat, sunlight, or on contact with hot surfaces, producing hydrogen bromide. Reacts with strong bases, chemically active metals, liquid ammonia, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with azides, beryllium, fluorine, halogenated solvents, liquid oxygen, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivitji. Attacks some plastics and coatings. DIBROMURO de ETILENO (Spanish) (106-93-4) Slowly decomposes in heat, sunlight, or on contact with hot surfaces, producing hydrogen bromide. Reacts with strong bases, chemically active metals, liquid ammonia, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with azides, beryllium, fluorine, halogenated solvents, liquid oxygen, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1&dioxide, potassium sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
DIBUTILAMINA (Spanish) (111-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 117"F/47"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, cellulose nitrate. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Attacks copper, magnesium, tin, zinc, or their alloys; galvanized steel.
N,N-DIBUTILANILINA (Spanish) (613-29-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 230"FI 110°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, perchloroyl fluoride. Contact with acids causes decomposition, with the formation of aniline and nitrous vapors.
DIBUTYL CARBITOL
393
1,2-DIBUTOXYETHANE (112-48-1) Combustible liquid (flash point185"F/85"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, isocyanates, perchloric acid. 2,2'-DIBUTOXYETHYL ETHER (112-73-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/ 118°C oc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIBUTYL ACID PHOSPHATE (107-66-4) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen phosphate. Reacts with water, steam, forming phosphoric acid. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, nitrates, silver nitrate. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIBUTYL ALUMINUM HYDRIDE (1191-15-7) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. A strong reducing agent. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Store under a dry nitrogen blanket.
DIBUTYLAMINE, n-DIBUTYLAMINE or DI-n-BUTYLAMINE (111-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 117"F/47"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, cellulose nitrate. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Attacks copper, magnesium, tin, zinc, or their alloys; galvanized steel. DIBUTYLAMINOETHANOL or N,N-DI-N-BUTYLAMINOETHANOL or 2-DIBUTYLAMINOETHANOL or 2-(DIBUTYLAMINO)ETHANOL24"DIBUTYLAMINOETHANOL or P-n-DIBUTYLAMINOETHYLALCOHOL (102-81-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OOoF/93"C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with aldehydes, boranes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
N,N-DIBUTYLANILINE (613-29-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 230°F/11 OOC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, perchloroyl fluoride. Contact with acids causes decomposition, with the formation of aniline and nitrous vapors.
DIBUTYL-1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLATE (84-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash
point 3 14"F/157"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis.
DIBUTYL CARBITOL (112-73-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/118"C oc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
394
N,N-DIBUTYLETHANOLAMINE
N,N-DIBUTYLETHANOLAMINE (102-81-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OO0F/93"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with aldehydes, boranes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
DIBUTYL ETHER or n-DIBUTYL ETHER or DI-n-BUTYL ETHER (142-96-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrogen trichloride, strong acids. Contact with air or sunlight can produce unstable and shock-, friction-, and heat-sensitive explosive peroxides. Regularly test storage containers for peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DI-n-BUTYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (107-66-4) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen phosphate. Reacts with water, steam, forming phosphoric acid. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, nitrates, silver nitrate. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
N,N-DIBUTYL N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE (102-81-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OO0F/93"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with aldehydes, boranes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
DIBUTYL OXIDE (142-96-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/2S°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrogen trichloride, strong acids. Contact with air or sunlight can produce unstable and shock-, friction-, and heat-sensitive explosive peroxides. Regularly test storage containers for peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DI-tert-BUTYLPEROXID (German) (110-05-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/12"C). A strong oxidizer and organic peroxide. Heat and hot surfaces cause decomposition, with risk of explosion. May be shock- and friction-sensitive. Violent reaction with reducing agents, organic matter, thiocyanates. Keep away from all other substances. DIBUTYLPHENOL or 2,6-DI-tert-BUTYLPHENOL (26746-38-3) Combustible solid or liquid above 97OF133"C (flash point >20OoF/>93"C). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Reacts with boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid.
DIBUTYL PHOSPHATE (107-66-4) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen phosphate. Reacts with water, steam, forming phosphoric acid. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, nitrates, silver nitrate. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1,2-DICHLORAETHEN
395
DIBUTYL PHOSPHORICACID (107-66-4) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen phosphate. Reacts with water, steam, forming phosphoric acid. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, nitrates, silver nitrate. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIBUTYL PHTHALATE or DI-n-BUTYL PHTHALATE (84-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 14"F/157"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. DICALCIUM PHOSPHATE (10103-46-5) Water contact forms acid; attacks metals. DICAMBA (1918-00-9) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. At elevated temperatures above 392"F/200°C, this material is decarboxylated, forming 2,5-dichloroanisole. DICAPROATE (112-27-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 338"F/17OoC). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, isocyanates, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid. DICARBAM (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. DICARBETHOXYMETHANE (105-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 183"F/84"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, nitrates. DICARBOMETHOXY ZINC (557-34-6) Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases. Moisture may cause hydroly sis/decomposition. o-DICARBOXYBENZENE(88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point 334"F/168"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite. 1,l-DICHLORAETHAN (German) (75-34-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10"F/- 12°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium. Incompatible with strong caustics, alkaline earth (barium, calcium, strontium; sometime magnesium is included) and alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium). Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. 1,2-DICHLORAETHAN(German) (107-06-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia, dimethylaminopropylamine, dinitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen peroxide, metal powders, aluminum, nitric acid, amides of lithium, potassium, or sodium. Contact with steam, or very hot surfaces produces hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Incompatible with alkalis. Corrosive to iron and other metals. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,2-DICHLORAETHEN (German) (540-59-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"-69"F/18"-21"C). Forms unstable peroxides in air; can polymerize unless
396
O-DICHLORBENZENE
inhibited. Polymerization can be caused by peroxides, strong sunlight, elevated temperatures, contact with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong bases, alkali metals, aluminum, difluoromethylene, dihypofluoride, nitrogen tetroxide (explosive). Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings.
o-DICHLORBENZENE (95-50-1) See Dichlorobenzenes. 1,4-DICHLOR-BENZOL (German) (106-46-7) or o-DICHLORBENZOL (German) (95-50-1) orp-DICHLORBENZOL (German) (106-46-7) See Dichlorobenzenes.
2,2'-DICHLOR-DIAETHYLAETHER(German) (111-44-4) Forms explosive mixture
with air (flash point 13I0F/55"C). Contact with water produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorosulfuric acid, metal powders, fuming sulfuric acid. Attacks iron, mild steel, aluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DICHLORDIMETHYLAETHER (German) (542-88-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"C). Reacts with oxidizers. Decomposes at 482"F/25OoC. DICYCLOPENTADIENE (77-73-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OoF/-7"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms peroxides; may polymerize unless inhibited. Decomposes above 338"F/17OoC. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,3-DICYCLOPENTADIENEDIMER (77-73-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 20°F/-7"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms peroxides; may polymerize unless inhibited. Decomposes above 338"F/17OoC.Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIELDRIN (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts. DIELDRINE (French) (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts. DIELDRITE (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts. DI(EPOXYPR0PYL)ETHER or DI(2,3-EPOXY)PROPYL ETHER (2238-07-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (Hash point 55"F/12"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. May form unstable peroxides upon contact with air and exposure to light. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. DIESEL FUEL 1-D, DIESEL FUEL 2-D, or DIESEL FUEL 4-D (68334-30-5; 6847631-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 130°F/54"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, Huorine. Incompatible with nitric acid, ammonia, ammonium nitrate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIESEL IGNITION IMPROVER (1002-16-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 18"F/48"C). Prolonged contact with air, water, strong light may cause decomposition.
DIETHYL
413
An oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong acids, combustibles. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
DIESEL OIL, DIESEL OIL, LIGHT, or DIESEL OIL, MEDIUM (68334-30-5; 6847631-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"- 19OoF/38"-88" cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, fluorine. incompatible with nitric acid, ammonia, ammonium nitrate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIETANOLAMINA (Spanish) (111-42-2) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 28OoF/138"C). Strong reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized iron.
DIETHAMINE (109-89-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). A strong organic base. Reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with acids, mercury. Incompatible with alcohols, acrylates, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, organic anhydrides, phenols, substituted allyls, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIETHANOLAMINE or N,N-DIETHANOLAMINE(111-42-2) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 280°F/138"C). Strong reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized iron.
DIETHENYBENZENE (1321-74-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 157"F/69"C). Thermally unstable; unless inhibited, can polymerize if heated. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts with acids, metal salts, peroxides, polymerization initiators. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,1-DIETHOXYETHANE (105-57-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 5"F/-20°C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Forms unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with heat and light. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2-DIETHOXYETHANE (629-14-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. DIETHYL (106-97-8) Flammable gas (flash point -76"F/-6OoC cc). Reacts with oxidizers, strong bases. Mixed with oxygen, this substance will explode on contact with nickel carbonyl in the temperature range of 68"F/20°C to 104"F/40°C. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
414
DIETHYL ACETAL
DIETHYL ACETAL (105-57-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -5"FI -20°C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Forms unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with heat and light, Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETHYLALUMINUM CHLORIDE or DIETHYLALUMINUM MONOCHLORIDE (96-10-6) Pyrophoric liquid; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. Reacts violently with water. A strong reducing agent. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alcohols, acids, amines, carbon dioxide, chlorine azide (explosive compound formed), phenols, cresols, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides. Commercial product may be a 15 -30% solution in hydrocarbons. See also next entry. DIETHYLALUMINUM CHLORIDE, 15% SOLUTION IN HYDROBARBONS (96-10-6) Forms explosive mixture in air [flash point (based on hexane) - 14"F/-26"C]. Once solvent has evaporated, this substance is pyrophoric; this is dangerous on organic materials (wood, cloth, grease, etc.). Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also above entry. DIETHYLALUMINUM HYDRIDE (871-27-2) Pyrophoric liquid ignites spontaneously in air. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, water, alcohols, amines, carbon dioxide, chlorine azide, cresols, fire-extinguishing foams, halogenated hydrocarbons, halogens, halons, nitrogen oxides, phenols, sulfur oxides. Store away from all other materials under nitrogen blanket. Commercial product may be a 15-30% solution in hydrocarbons. See also next entry. DIETHYLALUMINUMHYDRIDE, 15% SOLUTION IN HYDROCARBONS (87-27-2) Forms explosive mixture in air [flash point (based on hexane) - 14"F/-26"C]. Once solvent has evaporated, this substance is pyrophoric; this is dangerous on organic materials (wood, cloth, grease, etc.). Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also above entry. DIETHYLAMINE or N,N-DIETHYLAMINE (109-89-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). A strong organic base. Reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with acids, mercury. Incompatible with alcohols, acrylates, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, organic anhydrides, phenols, substituted allyls, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. N,N-DIETHYLAMINOBENZENE (91-66-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 9OoF/ 88°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, aldehydes, isocyanates, organic anhydrides. (DIETHYLAMIN0)ETHANE (121-44-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 19"F/-7"C oc). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffns, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones,
DIETHYLCHLOROALUMINUM
415
nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide, phenols, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate. Forms explosive materials with triethynyl aluminum. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
2-(DIETHYLAMIN0)ETHANOL or 24"DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL or N-DIETHYL-AMINOETHANOL or P-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL or 2-(DIETHYLAMINO) ETHYL ALCOHOL or P-DIETHYLAMINOETHYLALCOHOL (100-37-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140°F/600C). Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong acids, acid anhydrides. Reacts with light metals, aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals. Attacks some plastics and rubber. DIETHYLANILINE or N,N-DIETHYLANILINE (91-66-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 19ODF/88"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, aldehydes, isocyanates, organic anhydrides. 2,6-DIETHYL ANILINE (579-66-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 254"F/123"C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, mineral acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, strong oxidizers. N,N-DIETHYLBENZENAMINE (91-66-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 190"F/ 88°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, aldehydes, isocyanates, organic anhydrides. DIETHYLBENZENE (25340-17-4, mixed isomers; 1300-82-9, para-; 141-93-5, meta-; 135-01-3, ortho-) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point ortho-, 135"F/57"C; metuandpara-,132"- 133"F/55"-56"C cc). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Rubber on long immersion, will swell, then soften. DIETHYL CARBINOL (112-36-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May form unstable peroxides during storage. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. DIETHYLCARBONAT (German) (105-58-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Carbonates are incompatible with cerium compounds, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silver nitrate. DIETHYL CARBONATE (105-58-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Carbonates are incompatible with cerium compounds, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silver nitrate. DIETHYLCETONE (French) (96-22-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May be able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETHYLCHLOROALUMINUM(96-10-6) Pyrophoric liquid; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. Reacts violently
416
DIETHYLCHLOROSILANE
with water. A strong reducing agent. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alcohols, acids, amines, carbon dioxide, chlorine azide (explosive compound formed), phenols, cresols, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides.
DIETHYLCHLOROSILANE(1609-19-4) Forms explosive mixture with air; may selfignite (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Reacts with water, steam, forming heat and hydrochloric acid. Mixtures with ammonia form a material that can self-ignite. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. May attack some plastics, rubbers, and coatings. 1,4-DIETHYLENEDIAMINE (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 190"F/ SSOC). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-oxadiazo1-5-y1)-4cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide.Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride.
Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc.
DIETHYLENE DIOXIDE, DIETHYLENE-1,4-DIOXIDE, or 1,4-DIETHYLENEDIOXIDE (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
DIETHYLENE ETHER (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/I2"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat. friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (111-46-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 255"F/124"C). Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER or DIETHYLENE GLYCOL n-BUTYL ETHER (112-34-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 172"F/78"C). Forms unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates, perchloric acid. Attacks light metals, forming explosive hydrogen.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER ACETATE (124-17-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 240°F/1 16°C oc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DI-n-BUTYL ETHER or DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBUTYL ETHER (112-73-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/118"C oc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide,
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER
417
sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER (112-36-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May form unstable peroxides during storage. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER (111-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C oc). Forms unstable peroxides on exposure to air, heat, or sunlight or UVlight. Reacts violently with oxidizers, metal halides, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL ETHER (111-90-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 201"F/94"C). Able to produce unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL ETHER ACETATE (112-15-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 230°F/1 10"Ccc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrates, strong oxidizers. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL n-HEXYL ETHER (112-59-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 28S0F/141"C cc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER (111-77-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C oc). May form unstable peroxides on standing. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, calcium chlorate, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER ACETATE (629-38-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/98"C). Moisture may cause decomposition with formation of acetic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, calcium chlorate, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates, nitrates. May form shock-sensitive mixtures with silver, cobalt, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitromethane, chromium compounds. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks copper, brass, zinc. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER (112-34-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 172"F/78"C). Forms unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Violent reaction
418
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER ACETATE
with strong oxidizers, strong bases. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates, perchloric acid. Attacks light metals, forming explosive hydrogen.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER ACETATE (124-17-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 240°F/1 16°C oc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER (111-90-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 20 1"F/94"C). Able to produce unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER (111-77-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C oc). May form unstable peroxides on standing. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, calcium chlorate, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL PHTHALATE (629-38-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/98"C). Moisture may cause decomposition with formation of acetic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, calcium chlorate, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates, nitrates. May form shock-sensitive mixtures with silver, cobalt, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitromethane, chromium compounds. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks copper, brass, zinc. DIETHYLENEIMIDE OXIDE, DIETHYLENIMIDE OXIDE, or DIETHYLENE IMIDOXIDE (110-91-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 98"F/37"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, nitrocompounds , perchlorates. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIETHYLENEIMINE (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Dust or powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide. Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc. DIETHYLENE OXIDE (109-99-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6 T - 14°C; also listed at 1.4"F/- 17°C cc). Unless inhibited, forms 2-tetrahydrofuryl hydroperoxide and then forms unstable and explosive polyalkylidene peroxide. Polymerization
N,N-DIETHYLETHANEAMINE
419
can occur in the presence of acids, bases (e.g., potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), and certain salts. Peroxides can be removed by treatment with a slightly acidic solution of strong ferrous sulfate treated with sodium bisulfate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, oxygen, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, metal halides, peroxyacetic acid, potassium hydride. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia, acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants. Incompatible with borane, calcium hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium aluminum tetrahydride. Attacks some plastics and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can result in ignition of its vapors.
DI-(ETHYLENE OXIDE) (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines. amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics. DIETHYLENE OXIMIDE (110-91-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9S0F/37"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, nitrocompounds , perchlorates. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIETHYLENE TRIAMINE or DIETHYLENETRIAMINE (1 11-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 208"F/98"C oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly with other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. DIETHYL ESTER of PHTHALIC ACID (84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/ll7"C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic. DIETHYL ESTER SULFURIC ACID (64-67-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 219"F/104"C). Violent reaction with water, forming sulfuric acid and ethanol. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, magnesium. Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, potassium-tert-butoxide. Attacks iron in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. N,N-DIETHYLETHANEAMINE (121-44-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 19"F/-7"C oc).A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffins, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide, phenols, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate.
420
DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE or N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE
Forms explosive materials with triethynyl aluminum. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE or N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE (100-37-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14OoF/60"C).Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong acids, acid anhydrides. Reacts with light metals, aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
DIETHYL ETHER (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
-49"F/-45"C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%), silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
O,O-DIETHYL-s-(2-ETHTHIOETHYL) PHOSPHORODITHIOATE or 0,O-DIETHYL-s-(2-ETHTHIOETHYL)THIOTHIONOPHOSPHATE (298-04-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 XO0F/X2"C). Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers.
O,O-DIETHYL-2-ETHYLMERCAPTOETHYL THIOPHOSPHATE, DIETHOXYTHIOPHOSPHORIC ACID (8065-48-3)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90- 1 13"F/32-45"C in xylene solvent). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics.
O,O-DIFCTHYLs-2-(ETHYLTHIO)ETHYL PHOSPHODITHIOATE or O,O-DIETHYLs-2-(ETHYLTHIO)ETHYLPHOSPHORODITHIOATE (298-04-4)Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C). Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers.
O,O[DIETHYL-0 (and 5)-12-(ETHYLTH1O)ETHYLPHOSPHOROTHIOATES (806548-3)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90- 1 13"F/32-45"C in xylene solvent).
Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics.
DIETHYL GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER (111-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC oc). Forms unstable peroxides on exposure to air, heat, or sunlight or UVlight. Reacts violently with oxidizers, metal halides, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DI-(ZETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHATE (298-07-7)Combustible liquid (3X5"F/196"C oc).
Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire or explosion. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrosive to metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas.
N,N-DIETHYLNITROSAMINE
421
DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHORIC ACID (298-07-7) Combustible liquid (385"F/ 196°C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire or explosion. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrosive to metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE (117-81-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 39OoF/199"C).Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers. DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)SULFOSUCCINATE,SODIUM SALT (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/10 1"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. NJV-DIETHYL-2-HYDROXYETHYLAMINE (100-37-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14OoF/60"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong acids, acid anhydrides. Reacts with light metals, aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
N,N-DIETHYL-N-(8-HYDROXY ETHYL)AMINE or N,N-DIETHYL-N-(p-HYDROXY-
ETHYL)AMINE (100-37-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140°F/600C). Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong acids, acid anhydrides. Reacts with light metals, aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
O,O-DIETHYL-0-(2-ISOPROPY L-6-METHYL-4-PYRIMID1NYL)PHOSPHOROTHIOATE (333-41-5) A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers. DIETHYL KETONE (96-22-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May be able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETHYLMAGNESIUM (557-18-6) Violent reaction with moisture, water, steam. Contact with carbon dioxide causes ignition. DIETHYL MALONATE (105-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 183"F/84"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, nitrates.
0,0-DIETHYL-O,p-NITROPHENYLPHOSPHOROTHIOATE or DIETHYL 4-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHOROTHIONATE or DIETHYL p-NITROPHENYL THIONOPHOSPHATE (56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. N,N-DIETHYLNITROSAMINE (55-18-5) Rapidly decomposed in light. Oxidized by strong oxidizers to the nitramine. Contact with reducing agents may produce the hydrazine. An organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes,
422
DIETHYL OXIDE
alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. UV light, strong oxidizers can cause reactions. Store in dark bottles. Attacks nitrile rubber.
DIETHYL OXIDE (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49"F/ -45°C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%),silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIETHYL OXALATE (95-92-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 168"F/76"C). Water slowly forms oxalic acid. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. DIETHYLPAKATHION (56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. DIETHYLPHENYLAMINE (91-66-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 19OoF/88"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, aldehydes, isocyanates, organic anhydrides. DIETHYL PHTHALATE (84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/117"C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic. DIETHYL PROPANEDIOATE (105-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 183"F/84"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, nitrates. DIETHYL SUCCINATE (123-25-1) Combustible liquid (1 94"F/90°C). Reacts with oxidizers, nitrates. DIETHYL SULFATE (64-67-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 219"F/104"C). Violent reaction with water, forming sulfuric acid and ethanol. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, magnesium. Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, potassium-tert-butoxide. Attacks iron in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. DIETHYL SULFIDE (352-93-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/- 1OT). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with water, steam, acid, acid fumes causes decomposition, forming hydrogen sulfide. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETHYL TELLURIDE (627-54-3) Pyrophoric liquid. Thermally unstable. Contact with moist air causes spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, methanol, halogens, strong oxidizers.
DIETILENGLICOL
423
DIETHYLTELLURIUM (627-54-3) Pyrophoric liquid. Thermally unstable. Contact with moist air causes spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, methanol, halogens, strong oxidizers. DIETHYLTHIOETHER (352-93-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/- 10°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with water, steam, acid, acid fumes causes decomposition, forming hydrogen sulfide. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETHYL ZINC (557-20-0) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reaction with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Explosive decomposition occurs in elevated temperatures above 245"F/120°C. Reacts violently with some alcohols, bromine, hydrazine, ozone, disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides. sulfur, sulfur dioxide, thionyl chloride. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds. Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under inert gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. DIETILAMINA (Spanish) (109-89-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). A strong organic base. Reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with acids, mercury. Incompatible with alcohols, acrylates, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, organic anhydrides, phenols, substituted allyls, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETILAMINOETANOTIOL(Spanish) (100-37-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/60"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong acids, acid anhydrides. Reacts with light metals, aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals. Attacks some plastics and rubber. N,N-DIETILANILINA (Spanish) (flash point 19OoF/88"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, aldehydes, isocyanates, organic anhydrides. DIETILCETONA (Spanish) (96-22-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May be able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIETILCLOROSILANO (Spanish) (1609-19-4) Forms explosive mixture with air; may self-ignite (flash point 9OoF/32"C). Reacts with water, steam, forming heat and hydrochloric acid. Mixtures with ammonia form a material that can self-ignite. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. May attack some plastics, rubbers, and coatings. DIETILENGLICOL (Spanish) (111-46-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 255"F/ 124°C). Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates.
424
DIETILENGLICOL DIETIL ETER
DIETILENGLICOL DLETIL ETER (Spanish) (112-36-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May form unstable peroxides during storage. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. DIETILENGLICOL MONOBUTIL ETER (Spanish) (112-34-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 172"F/78"C). Forms unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong bases. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates, perchloric acid. Attacks light metals, forming explosive hydrogen.
DIETILENGLICOL MONOFENIL ETER (Spanish) (122-99-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid.
DIETILENTRIAMINA (Spanish) (111-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 208"F/ 98°C oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly with other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
O,O-DIETIL-s-(2-ETILTIO-ETIL)-DITIOFOSFATO (Italian) (298-04-4) Com-
bustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"C).Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers.
DIETIL MAGNESICO (Spanish) (557-18-6) Violent reaction with moisture, water, steam. Contact with carbon dioxide causes ignition.
DIETILZINC (Spanish) (557-20-0) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reation with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Explosive decomposition occurs in elevated temperatures above 245"F/12OoC. Reacts violently with some alcohols, bromine, hydraziue, ozone, disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, thionyl chloride. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds. Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under inert gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations.
1,l-DIETOSSIETANO (Italian) (105-57-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -5"F/-20°C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Forms unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with heat and light. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIEYANOMETHANE (109-77-3) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 234"F/122"C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid. May polymerize violently on contact with alkalis or temperatures above 160°F/71"C.
1 , I -DIFLUOROETHYLENE or DIFLUORO- 1 , 1 -ETHYLENE
425
DIFENILCETONA (Spanish) (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide. DIFENILO (Spanish) (92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"F/113"C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. DIFENYLOL PROPANE (80-05-7) Combustible solid (flash point 404"F/207"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. 1,l-DIFLUOETANO (Spanish) (75-37-6) Flammable gas (flammability limits 3.7 - 18% by volume in air). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, barium, sodium, and potassium. Incompatible with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIFLUORODICHLOROMETHANE (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to redhot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIFLUOROETHANE or 1,l-DIFLUOROETHANE (75-37-6) Flammable gas (flammability limits 3.7- 18% by volume in air). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, barium, sodium, and potassium. Incompatible with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,l-DIFLUOROETHENE or DIFLUORO-1,l-ETHENE (75-38-7) Flammable gas (flash point 85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
DIGLYCIDYL ETHER (2238-07-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/12"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. May form unstable peroxides upon contact with air and exposure to light. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. DIGLYCIDYL ETHER of BISPHENOL A (1675-54-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 17S0F/79"C).Unstable ethers form peroxides on contact with air and light. Incompatible with strong acids, acyl halides, strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, alkalis, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIGLYCOL (111-46-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 255"F/124"C). Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates.
DIHYDROAZIRINE or DIHYDRO-1-AZIRlNE
427
DIGLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER ACETATE (124-17-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 240°F/1 16°C oc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. DIGLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER (111-77-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C oc). May form unstable peroxides on standing. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, calcium chlorate, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIGLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER ACETATE (112-15-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 230°F/1 10"Ccc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrates, strong oxidizers. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow. DIGLYME (111-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoCoc). Forms unstable peroxides on exposure to air, heat, or sunlight or UVlight. Reacts violently with oxidizers, metal halides, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIHEPTYL PHTHALATE or DI-n-HEPTL PHTHALATE (3648-21-3) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1,4-DIHIDROBENZENE (Italian) (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/ 165°C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. DIHYDROAZIRINE or DIHYDRO-1-AZIRINE (151-56-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 11OC). A medium-strong organic base. Polymerization can be caused by heat, sunlight, rapid cooling, acids, aqueous acid conditions, catalytically active metals, oxidizers, peroxides, atmospheric carbon dioxide. Forms explosive compounds with silver, silver alloys, silver solder, sodium hypochlorite (forms chloroethylenimine), and possibly other chlorinating agents. Reacts violently with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, ally1 chloride, carbon disulfide, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, dinitrogen pentaoxide, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen fluoride, nitric acid, endo2-norbornanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester, P-propiolactone, sulfuric acid, oleum. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks rubber, coatings, plastics, and corrodes chemically active metals, aluminum, copper, zinc, etc. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
428
9,1O-DIHYDRO-8A, 1OiDIAZONIAPHENANTHRENE DIBROMIDE
9,10-DIHYDRO-8a,10,-DIAZONIAPHENANTHRENE DIBROMIDE or 9,lO-DIHYDRO-8a,lOa-DIAZONIAPHENANTHRENE(l,l'-ETHYLENE-2,2'-BIPY RI-
DYL1UM)DIBROMIDE (85-00-7) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, oxygen difluoride. Concentrated solution attacks aluminum and other metals.
DIHYDRO-2,5-DIOXOFURAN (108-31-6) Combustible solid (flash point 215"FI 102°C). Dust cloud forms an explosive mixture with air. Dissolves in water, forming maleic acid with release of energy. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Contact with amines or alkali metals, lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium (even in low concentrations of 200 ppm) can cause it to decompose rapidly and may result in polymerization, especially if the temperature is greater than 150°F/66"C. Incompatible with pyridine. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In firefighting, water stream or foam may cause frothing.
5,6-DIHYDRO-DIPYRIDO(1,2a;2,lc)PYRAZINIUM DIBROMIDE (85-00-7) Reacts
with bromine pentafluoride, oxygen difluoride. Concentrated solution attacks aluminum and other metals.
DIHYDROGEN HEXACHLOROPLATINATE or DIHYDROGEN HEXACHLOROPLATINATE(2-) (16941-12-1) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, bromine trifluoride, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. DIHYDROOXIRENE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, rn-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/100"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2J-DIHYDROXYHEXANE (2935-44-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 215"F/102"C oc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. DIHYDROPENTABORANE(9) (19624-22-7) Pyrophoric; may explode in moist air without a source of ignition. Thermally unstable (flash point 86"F/30"C; autoignition at 95"F/35"C; decomposes above 3O2"F/15O0C).Decomposes in water to boric acid and explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with ammonia, forming violently explosive (at room temperature) pentaborane diammoniate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, and halogenated compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Incompatible with air, acetone, aldehydes, amines, carbon disulfide, chloroform, dioxane, hydrazines, ketones, trichloroethylene. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1,3DIHYDROXYBENZENE
429
2,5-DIHYDROPEROXY-2,5-DIMETHYLHEXANE (3025-88-5) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with strong acids, combustible materials, powdered metals, organic substances, thiocyanates. Contact with transition metals may cause explosive decomposition. 2,3-DIHYDROPYRAN (110-87-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 0"F/- 18°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A2-DIHYDROPYRAN (110-87-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 0"F/- 18°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, 2H-3,4-DIHYDROPYRAN (110-87-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- ISoC). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2-DIHYDRO-3,6-PYRIDAZINEDIONEor 1,2-DIHYDROPYRIDAZINE-3,6DIONE (123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. 6,7-DIHYDROPYRIDO(1,2a; 2',1'-c)PYRAZINEDIUM DIBROMIDE (85-00-7) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, oxygen difluoride. Concentrated solution attacks aluminum and other metals. 2,3-DIHYDROSUCCINIC ACID (87-69-4) Combustible solid (flash point 410°F/210"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, 90% hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus trichloride, silver powders or dust. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Aqueous solution reacts with bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. DIHYDROXYBENZENE (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. 1,2-DIHYDROXYBENZENE (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 26ODF/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,3-DIHYDROXYBENZENE (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261"F/ 127°C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds,
430
1,4-DIHYDROXYBENZENE
antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust.
1,4-DIHYDROXYBENZENE (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/ 165°C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. rn-DIHYDROXYBENZENE (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261 "F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. o-DIHYDROXYBENZENE (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 260°F/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. p-DIHYDROXYBENZENE (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. 1,4-DIHYDROXY-BENZOL (German) (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. rn-DIHYDROXYBENZOL (German) (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261 O F / 127°C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. 1,2-DIHYDROXYBUTANE (584-03-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 194"F/9OoC). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. 1,3-DIHYDROXYBUTANE (107-88-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 228"F/109"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers. 1,4-DIHYDROXYBUTANE (110-63-4) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 249"F/12 1 "C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. 2,3-DIHYDROXYBUTANE (513-85-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms explosive compounds with sodium hydroxide
1,ZDIHYDROXYETHANE
431
at elevated temperatures. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
2,3-DIHYDROXYBUTANEDIOICACID (87-69-4)Combustible solid (flash point 410"F/210"Cj. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, 90% hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus trichloride, silver powders or dust. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Aqueous solution reacts with bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. 1,4-DIHYDROXY-2-BUTENE (110-64-5)Combustible liquid (flash point 263OF1128"C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts violently with oxidizers, aliphatic amines, alkalis, ammonium persulfate, boranes, bromine dioxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, uranium fluoride. 1,4-DIHYDROXY-2-BUTYNE (110-65-6)Reacts violently with strong acids, bases,
alkali metals and earth.
2,2'-DIHYDROXYDIETHYLAMINE(111-42-2)Combustible liquid or crystalline solid
(flash point 28OoF/138"C). Strong reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized iron.
P,P-DIHYDROXYDLETHYLETHER (111-46-6)Combustible liquid (flash point 255"F/124"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. P,P'-DIHYDROXYDIETHYL SULFIDE (111-48-8)Combustible liquid (flash point
320"F/1 60°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrochloric acids. Incompatible with acids, aliphatic amines, bases, boranes, isocyanates.
p,p'-DIHYDROXYDIPHENYLDIMETHYLMETHANE (80-05-7)Combustible solid (flash point 404"F/207"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers.
2,2'-DIHYDROXYDIPROPYLAMINE(110-97-4)Combustible liquid (flash point
26OoF/127"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings; aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
1,2-DIHYDROXYETHANE(107-21-1)Combustible liquid (flash point 23 l"FI111 "C). Violent reaction with oxidizers and oxidizing acids, sulfuric acid. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines,
432
DI-P-HYDROXYETHOXYETHANE
isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, potassium bichromate, phosphorus pentasulfide, sodium chlorite.
DI-P-HYDROXYETHOXYETHANE (112-27-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 338"F/ 170°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, isocyanates, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid.
DI-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINEor 2,2'-DIHYDROXYETHYLAMINE(111-42-2)
Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 280"F/138°C). Strong reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc and their alloys, and galvanized iron.
p$'-DIHYDROXYETHYL SULFIDE (111-48-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 320°F/160°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrochloric acids. Incompatible with acids, aliphatic amines, bases, boranes, isocyanates.
2,4-DIHYDROXY-2-METHYLPENTANE (107-41-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 204"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
1,2-DIHYDROXYPROPANE (57-55-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 210°F/99"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. 1,3-DIHYDROXYPROPANE (504-63-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/>74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid. nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. DIIRONTRISULFATE (10028-22-5) Light-sensitive. Hygroscopic; hydrolyzed slowly in water; forming acid solution and precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution (often shipped as 73% solution) is incompatible with sulfuric acid, aluminum, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. Corrosive to copper, copper alloys, and both mild and galvanized steel. DIISIPROPYL-ACETONE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12OoF/49"C).Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIISOBUTILCHETONE (Italian) (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 120°F/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIISOBUTYL KETONE
433
DIISOBUTYLALUMINUM CHLORIDE (1779-25-5) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Store under a dry nitrogen blanket. DIISOBUTYL ALUMINIUM HYDRIDE (1191-15-7) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. A strong reducing agent. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols. halogenated hydrocarbons, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Store under a dry nitrogen blanket.
DIISOBUTYLAMINE (110-96-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/ 2 1 "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, mercury, phenols, cresols, captrolactam solution. Reacts with aluminum or aluminum alloys; copper or copper alloys; zinc, galvanized steel, or alloys having more than 10% zinc by weight; mercury. Will dissolve paint and most plastic material.
DIISOBUTYL CARBINOL (108-82-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics.
DIISOBUTYLCETONE (French) (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12OoF/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIISOBUTYLCHLOROALUMINUM (1779-25-5) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, Store under a dry nitrogen blanket.
DIISOBUTYLENE (25167-70-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 23"Fl -5°C). May be able to form unstable and explosive peroxides. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIISOBUTYLKETON (German) (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12OoF/49"C).Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIISOBUTYL KETONE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 120°F/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks
434
DIISOBUTYL PHENOL
some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIISOBUTYL PHENOL (1806-6-4) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (84-69-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 365"F/185"C). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 4,4'-DIISOCIANATO de DIFENILMETANO (Spanish) (101-68-8) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C). Violent reaction with acids, bases, alcohols, amines. Incompatible with ammonia, amides, glycols, caprolactam. Unstable above 10OoF/38"C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts slowly with water. DI-ISOCYANATE de TOLUYLENE (French) (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26O0F/127"C).Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene-] ,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produced includes nitrogen oxides and isocyanates.
N,N-DI-ISO-1-CYANATOLUENE (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash
point 260°F/1 27°C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene- 1,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produced includes nitrogen oxides and isocyanates.
2,4-DIISOCYANATO-l-METHYLBENZENE (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture
with air (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene-l,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride. etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produced includes nitrogen oxides and isocyanates.
DIISOPROPILAMINA
435
2,4-DIISOCYANATOTOLUENE (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene-l,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produced includes nitrogen oxides and isocyanates. DIISOCYANAT-TOLUOL (German) (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene-l,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produced includes nitrogen oxides and isocyanates. DIISODECYL PHTHALATE (26761-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 450°F/ 232°C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers. May attack some forms of plastics. DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point 334"F/l68"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite. DIISOOCTYL ACID PHOSPHATE (298-07-7) Combustible liquid (385"F/ 196°C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire or explosion. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrosive to metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. DIISOOCTYL PHTHALATE (27554-26-3) Combustible liquid but difficult to ignite (flash point 45OoF/232"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIISOPROPANOLAMINE (110-97-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/ 127°C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings; aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. DIISOPROPILAMINA (Spanish) (108-18-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 21°F/-6"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls,
436
DIISOPROPYLACETONE
alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, mercury, phenols, cresols, captrolactam solution. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIISOPROPYLACETONE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 120°F/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
5-DIISOPROPYLACETONE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I 20°F/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIISOPROPYLAMINE (108-18-9)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2I0F/-6"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, mercury, phenols, cresols, captrolactam solution. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIISOPROPYLBENZENE (all isomers) (25321-09-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers.
DIISOPROPYLBENZENE HYDROPEROXIDE (26762-93-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers or reducing agents. Rapid decomposition may be caused by chemically active metals: aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. DIISOPROPYL CARBINOL (600-36-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 118"F/48"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
DIISOPROPYL ETHER (108-20-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-2SoC). Exceptionally vulnerable to the formation of unstable peroxides that precipitate as dry crystalline material and may detonate with heat, shock, sunlight, or friction. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, propionyl chloride, strong acids, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIISOPROPYLIDENE ACETONE (504-20-1) Combustible liquid or solid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
DIISOPROPYL NAPHTHALENE or 2,6-DIISOPROPYL NAPHTHALENE (2415781-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 284"F/ 140°C cc). Contact with oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids. DIISOPROPYL OXIDE (108-20-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1 8 T - 2 8 " C ) . Exceptionally vulnerable to the formation of unstable peroxides that
DILAUROYL PEROXIDE
437
precipitate as dry crystalline material and may detonate with heat, shock, sunlight, or friction. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, propionyl chloride, strong acids, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIISOPROPYL PERCARBONATE (105-64-6) Combustible solid (packed in dry ice) or solutions. Concentrated solutions (usually in hydrocarbons or ethers) may explode spontaneously. A powerful oxidizer. Thermally unstable, heat- and impact-sensitive explosive. Unstable above freezing/melting point of 4SoF/9"C. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, amines, metal powders, potassium iodide. Peroxyacids should be kept away from transition metals as contact can cause dangerous decomposition. Storage in sealed containers may be dangerous.
DILSOPROPYL PEROXYDICARBONATE (105-64-6) Combustible solid (packed in dry ice) or solutions. Concentrated solutions (usually in hydrocarbons or ethers) may explode spontaneously. A powerful oxidizer. Thermally unstable, heat- and impact-sensitive explosive. Unstable above freezinglmelting point of 48"F/9"C. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, amines, metal powders, potassium iodide. Peroxyacids should be kept away from transition metals as contact can cause dangerous decomposition. Storage in sealed containers may be dangerous.
DIKETENE (674-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 91"F/33"C). Violent reaction with water, oxidizers. Violent polymerization or explosion caused by elevated temperatures, acids, amines, bases, or sodium acetate. Incompatible with alcohols, halons. A storage hazard; can decompose, causing explosion; add inhibitor.
2,s-DIKETOHEXANE (110-13-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. DIKETONE ALCOHOL (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture with air above 136"F/ 58°C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148"F/64"C.
DILANTIN DB or DILATIN DB (95-50-1) See Dichlorobenzenes. DILAUROYL PEROXIDE (105-74-8) A flammable solid (flash point 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
O,O-DIMETHYL-O-2,2-DICHLORO-l,2-DIBROMOETHYL PHOSPHATE (300-
76-5) Degraded by UV light or sunlight. Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzed by water; rapidly hydrolyzed in alkali solutions. Corrosive to metals.
DIMETHYL-1,l'-DICHLOROETHER (542-88-1) Forms explosive mixture with air
(flash point 325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong
oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIMETHYLENEDIAMINE(107-15-3)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
104"F/4OoC).An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorinated organic compounds, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, ally1
450
DIMETHYLENE GLYCOL
chloride, carbon disulfide, cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, epichlorohydrin, ethylene chlorohydrin, oleum, methyl oxide, nitromethane, silver perchlorate, vinyl acetate. Also incompatible with 3-propiolactone, mesityl oxide, ethylene dichloride, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Causes spontaneous decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds; isolate from explosives: ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, picric acid, nitrobenzene, etc. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIMETHYLENE GLYCOL (513-85-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 18S0F/ 85°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms explosive compounds with sodium hydroxide at elevated temperatures. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. DIMETHYLENEIMINE (151-56-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 11°C). A medium-strong organic base. Polymerization can be caused by heat, sunlight, rapid cooling, acids, aqueous acid conditions, catalytically active metals, oxidizers, peroxides, atmospheric carbon dioxide. Forms explosive compounds with silver, silver alloys, silver solder, sodium hypochlorite (forms chloroethylenimine), and possibly other chlorinating agents. Reacts violently with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, ally1 chloride, carbon disulfide, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, dinitrogen pentaoxide, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen fluoride, nitric acid, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester, P-propiolactone, sulfuric acid, oleum. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks rubber, coatings, plastics, and corrodes chemically active metals, aluminum, copper, zinc, etc. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. 3,3-DIMETHYLENENORCAMPHENE (79-92-5) Combustible solid (flash point 108"F/42"C oc; 92OF133"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Emulsions in xylene may violently decompose on contact with iron or aluminum above 1S8"F/7O0C. DIMETHYLENE OXIDE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, rn-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low- molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/1OO0C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,l-DIMETHYLETHYLAMINE
451
DIMETHYLENIMINE (151-56-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 11"C). A medium-strong organic base. Polymerization can be caused by heat, sunlight, rapid cooling, acids, aqueous acid conditions, catalytically active metals, oxidizers, peroxides, atmospheric carbon dioxide. Forms explosive compounds with silver, silver alloys, silver solder; sodium hypochlorite (forms chloroethylenimine), and possibly other chlorinating agents. Reacts violently with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, ally1 chloride, carbon disulfide, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, dinitrogen pentaoxide, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen fluoride, nitric acid, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, P-propiolactone, sulfuric acid, oleum. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks rubber, coatings, plastics, and corrodes chemically active metals, aluminum, copper, zinc, etc. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. DIMETHYL ESTER of SULFURIC ACID (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/83"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1,l-DIMETHYLETHANE or 1,l-DIMETHYLETHANOL (75-65-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 52"Fll l°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchloric acid, etc.). Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIMETHYLETHANOLAMINE or N,N-DIMETHYLETHANOLAMINE (108-01-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 105"F/4loC oc). An organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly with other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized steel. DIMETHYL ETHER (115-10-6) Flammable gas (flash point -42"F/-41°C). Forms explosive mixture with air. May be heat- and shock-sensitive. Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with oxidizers, aluminum hydride. Incompatible with strong acids, metal salts. 1,l-DIMETHYLETHYLAMINE(75-64-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/-9"C). A weak base. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes,
452
DIMETHYLETHYLCARBINOL
alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo- 1,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture.
DIMETHYLETHYLCARBINOL (75-85-4)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 105"F/41°C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers or hydrogen trisulfide may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with alkaline earth metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,l-DIMETHYLETHYL HYDROPEROXIDE (75-91-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10OoF/38"C). A powerful oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, organic materials, ethylene dichloride.
1-(lll-DIMETYLETHYL)-4-METHYLBENZENE (98-51-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/67"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 4-(l11-DIMETHYLETHYL)PHENOL (98-54-4) Combustible solid or solution (flash point, solution 235"F/113"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIMETHYL FORMAL (109-87-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 2 6 T - 3 2 " C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIMETHYLFORMALDEHYDE (67-64-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2"F/- 19°C). Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal, aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chromic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride, iodoform, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (9O%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl- 1,3-butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester, PVC, Neoprene, Won@).
DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE or N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (68-12-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 36"F/5S°C). Violent reaction with nitrates, carbon
2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTYLPHENOL (a- and p-isomers)
453
tetrachloride, hexachlorocyclohexane, and other halogenated compounds. particularly in contact with iron or strong oxidizers, may cause fire and explosions. Vigorous reaction with alkylaluminums. Incompatible with strong acids, ally1 trifluoromethanesulfonates, ammonia, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cresols, chromic anhydride, isocyanates, nitrates, phenols, magnesium nitrate, methylene diisocyante, phosphorous trioxide, triethyl aluminum. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
DIMETHYLFORMEHYDE (67-64-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 2 T - 1 9 T ) . Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal, aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chromic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride, iodoforrn, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum, potassium tertbutoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (9O%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl-1,3butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester, PVC, Neoprene, %ton@).
2,6-DIMETHYL-2,5-HEPTADIEN-4-ONE (504-20-1) Combustible liquid or solid (flash point 185"F/85"C). Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12OoF/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANOL or (108-82-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/ 74°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics.
2,6-DIMETHYL-HEPTAN-4-ON (German) (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with
air (flash point 12OoF/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,6-DIMETHYLHEPTANONE, 2,6-DIMETHYLHEPTAN-4-ONE, or 2,6-DIMETHYL4-HEPTANONE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12OoF/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTYLPHENOL (0-and p-isorners) (25154-52-3) Combustible
liquid (flash point 285"F/14loC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
454
DI (6-METHYLHEPTYL) PHTHALATE or DI-(6-METHYLHEPTYL) PHTHALATE
DI (6-METHYLHEPTYL)PHTHALATE or DL(6-METHYLHEPTYL)PHTHALATE (27554-26-3) Combustible liquid but difficult to ignite (flash point 45OoF/232"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIMETHYLHEXANE DIHYDROPEROXJDE, with 18% or more water (3025-88-5) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with strong acids, combustible materials, powdered metals, organic substances, thiocyanates. Contact with transition metals may cause explosive decomposition.
2,5-DIMETHYLHEXANE-2,5-DIHY-DROPEROXIDE (3025-88-5) A powerful oxi-
dizer. Violent reaction with strong acids, combustible materials, powdered metals, organic substances, thiocyanates. Contact with transition metals may cause explosive decomposition.
DIMETHYL HEXANEDIOATE (627-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 22S"F/ 107°C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. DIMETHYL-1-HEXANOLS(26952-21-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C). React violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. 1,l-DIMETHYLHYDRAZIN (German) (57-14-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S"F/- ISOC). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers (with possible spontaneous ignition), strong acids, dicyanofurazan, methylene chloride. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, metallic mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,2-DIMETHYLHYDRAZIN (German) (540-73-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 3-(3-cyano-l,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE or 1,l-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE (57-14-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S"F/- 15°C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers (with possible spontaneous ignition), strong acids, dicyanofurazan, methylene chloride. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, metallic mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
N,N-DIMETHYL-N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL) AMINE
455
1,2-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE(540-73-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 343cyano-l,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. N,N-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE(540-73-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 343oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichlocyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) ride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. usyrn-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE(57-14-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5"F/- 15OC).A strong reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers (with possible spontaneous ignition), strong acids, dicyanofurazan, methylene chloride. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, metallic mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. syrn-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE(540-73-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 3-(3cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. unsyrn-DLMETHYLHYDRAZINE (57-14-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5 T - 15OC). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers (with possible spontaneous ignition), strong acids, dicyanofurazan, methylene chloride. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, metallic mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIMETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE (868-85-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 85"F/3OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine fluoride, butyl acrylate. Incompatible with acids, nitrates. May release phosphine in elevated temperatures.
N,N-DIMETHYL-N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL) AMINE (108-01-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O5"F/4IoC oc). An organic base. Violent reaction with
456
0,0-DIMETHYL-(1-HYDROXY-2,2,2-TRICHLORO)ETHYL PHOSPHATE
oxidizers, acids. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly with other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized steel.
O,O-DIMETHYL-(1-HYDROXY-2,2,2-TRICHLORO)ETHYL PHOSPHATE (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel.
DIMETHYLKETAL (67-64-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
- 2 T - I9OC). Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal, aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chromic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride, iodoform, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum, potassium tertbutoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (90%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl- 1,3butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester, PVC, Neoprene, Viton@).
N,N-DIMETHYLMETHANAMI" (75-50-3) Extremely flammable liquefied gas (flash point 20°F/-6"C; for 25% solution in H,O, 4loF/5"C). A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, strong acids, ethylene oxide, halogenated compounds, nitrosating compounds, triethynylaluminum. Incompatible with methyl trichloroacetate. Reacts with mercury, forming shock-sensitive explosive material. Attacks chemically active metals: aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
DIMETHYLMETHANE (74-98-6) Extremely flammable gas (flash point
- 15S"FI reaction with strong oxidizers: barium peroxide, chlorine dioxide, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, etc. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors. - 104°C). Violent
N,N-DIMETHYLMETHANIDE (68-12-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
136"F/58"C). Violent reaction with nitrates, carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorocyclohexane, and other halogenated compounds. particularly in contact with iron or strong oxidizers, may cause fire and explosions. Vigorous reaction with alkylaluminums. Incompatible strong acids, ally1 trifluoromethanesulfonates, ammonia, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cresols, chromic anhydride, isocyanates, nitrates, phenols, magnesium nitrate, methylene diisocyante, phosphorous trioxide, triethyl aluminum. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
2-2-DIMETHYL-3-METHYLENE NORBORANE (79-92-5) Combustible solid (flash point 10S0F/42"C oc; 92"F/33"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Emulsions in xylene may violently decompose on contact with iron or aluminum above I S8"F/7O0C.
DIMETHYLOL PROPANE
457
3,3-DIMETHYL-2-METHYLENE NORCAMPHANE (79-92-5) Combustible solid (flash point 10S°F/42"C oc; 92"F/33"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Emulsions in xylene may violently decompose on contact with iron or aluminum above 1S8"F/70°C.
DIMETHYL MONOSULFATE (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/83"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIMETHYLNITROMETHANE (79-46-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7S0F/24"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, hydrocarbons, hydroxides: calcium or potassium hydroxide, oleum. May explode on heating (burns even in absence of air), causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Decomposition is promoted by the presence of acids, amines, or bases. Forms heat-, friction-, or shock-sensitive explosive products with acids, amines, inorganic bases, mercury salts, nitrous acid, silver salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the explosive sensitivity of this compound. Incompatible with isocyanates, potassium hydride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
O,O-DIMETHYL-O-4-NITROPHENYL PHOSPHOROTHIOATE (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 15"F/46"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/SO0C.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE, N,N-DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE, or DIMETHYLNITROSOAMINE (62-75-9) An organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydnde, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. UV light, strong oxidizers can cause reactions. Store in dark bottles. Attacks natural and nitrile rubbers, neoprene, polyvinyl alcohol, PVC, Viton@. 3,7-DIMETHYL-6-OCTENAL (141-26-4; 8000-29-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosion.
N,N-DIMETHYL-N-OCTYLBENZENEMETHANAMINIUMCHLORIDE (959-55-7) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, emits chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture.
DI-(7-METHYLOCTYL) PHTHALATE (88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point 334OF1168"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite. DIMETHYLOL PROPANE (126-30-7) Combustible solid (flash point 265"F/129"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers.
458
~,O-DIMETHYLO-(2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENYL)PHOSPHOR~HIOATE
O,O-DIMETHYLO-(2,4,5~TRICHLOROPHENYL)PHOSPHOROTHIOATE (299-84-3)
Temperatures above 30O"F/15O0C may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
O,O-DIMETHYL-s-(~-OXO-~,~,~-BEZOTRIAZIN-~(~H)-Y LMETHYL)PHOSPHORO DIMETHYLPHENOL (1300-71-6) Combustible solid (flash point 186"F/86"C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. A weak organic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. 2,4-DIMETHYLPENTANOL-3(600-36-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 118"F/4S°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. 2,4-DIMETHYLPHENOL(105-67-9) Combustible solid (flash point 186"F/86"C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. A weak organic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. 2,CDIMETHYLPHENOL (576-26-1) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. A weak organic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. 4,6-DIMETHYLPHENOIA(105-67-9) Combustible solid (flash point 186"F/86"C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. A weak organic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. DIMETHYLPHENOL PHOSPHATE (25155-23-1) Combustible liquid. May react violently with strong oxidizers, antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrates. DIMETHYLPHENYLAMINE (1300-73-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/ 96°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. DIMETHYLPHENYLAMINE (121-69-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (cause violent spattering). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, alcohols, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, ketones, aldehydes, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Contact with benzoyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, and other material may cause explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE of 3-HYDROXY-N,N-DIMETHYL-cis-CROTONAMIDE (141-66-2) May react violently with antimony(\/') pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates.
2.2-DIMETHYLPROPIONIC ACID
459
Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 135"F/55"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate.
3-[(DIMETHYLPHOSPHINYL)OXY]-2-BUTENOICACID METHYL ESTHER
(7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347OF1175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. DIMETHYL PHOSPHITE (868-85-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 85"F/3OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine fluoride, butyl acrylate. Incompatible with acids, nitrates. May release phosphine in elevated temperatures. DIMETHYL PHOSPHONATE (868-85-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 85"F/3OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine fluoride, butyl acrylate. Incompatible with acids, nitrates. May release phosphine in elevated temperatures.
0,O-DIMETHYL-PHOSPHORODITHIOATE (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 0,O-DIMETHYL PHOSTENE (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/ 175°C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. DIMETHYL PHTHALATE (131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. 2,2-DIMETHYLPROPANE (463-82-1) Flammable gas (flash point < 19"F/< -7°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with acetylene, halogens, and nitrous oxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
N,N-DIMETHYL-1,3-PROPANEDIAMINE (109-55-7) Forms explosive mixture with
air (flash point 10OoF/38"C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, cellulose nitrate, ethylene dichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes.
2,2-DIMETHYL-1,3-PROPANEDIOL (126-30-7) Combustible solid (flash point 265"F/
129°C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers.
2,2-DIMETHYLPROPANE-1,3-DIOL (126-30-7) Combustible solid (flash point 265"F/ 129°C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers.
2,2-DIMETHYLPROPIONIC ACID (75-98-9) Combustible solid (flash point 147"F/ 64'C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers.
460
a,a-DIMETHYLPROPIONIC ACID
a,a-DIMETHYLPROPIONIC ACID (75-98-9) Combustible solid (flash point 147"F/ 64°C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers.
N,N-DIMETHYL-1,3-PROPYLENEDIAMINE (109-55-7) Forms explosive mixture
with air (flash point 10OoF/38"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, cellulose nitrate, ethylene dichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes.
(DIMETHYL-l,l-PROPYL)-4-PHENOL (80-46-6) Combustible solid (flash point 233"F/l12"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 4-(1,1-DIMETHYLPROPYL)PHENOL (80-46-6) Combustible solid (flash point 233"F/
112°C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,CDIMETHYLPYRIDINE (108-48-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100°F/38"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
a,a'-DIMETHYLPYRIDINE (108-48-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1OOoF/38"C).Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
DIMETHYL SUCCINATE (106-65-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates.
DIMETHYLSULFATE (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/83"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIMETHYL SULFIDE (75-18-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"F/-38"C). Reacts with water, steam, acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen sulfide fumes, which can explode in air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorobenzenediazonium salts, mercurous chloride. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE (67-68-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 203"F/95"C oc). Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and related compounds, y-bromobenzoyl acetanilide, boron compounds, iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids.
DIMETHYL SULPHIDE (75-18-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"F/-38"C). Reacts with water, steam, acids, acid fumes producing hydrogen sulfide fumes, which can explode in air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorobenzenediazoniuni salts, mercurous chloride. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NJ"D1METILACETAMIDA
461
DIMETHYL SULPHOXIDE (67-68-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 203"F/95"C oc). Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and related compounds, p-bromobenzoyl acetanilide, boron compounds, iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids. DIMETHYL TEREPHTHALATE (120-61-6) Combustible solid (286"F/141"C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, and may cause ignition of flammable vapors or dust. N,N-(DIMETHYL) a-TOLUENEAMINE (103-83-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubbers, and coatings. DIMETHYL TRICHLOROPHENYL THIOPHOSPHOROTHIOATE (299-84-3) Temperatures above 3O0"F/15O0Cmay cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
O,O-DIMETHYL-O-(2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENYL)THIOPHOSPHATE (299-84-3) Temperatures above 30O0F/150"C may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIMETHYLTRIMETHYLENE GLYCOL (126-30-7) Combustible solid (flash point 265"F/129"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers. DIMETHYLZINC (544-97-8) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reaction with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Violent reaction with bromine, 2,2-dichloropropane, oxygen gas, hydrazine, ozone; disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides; sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds. Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under dry nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. N,N'-DIMETILACETAMIDA (Spanish) (127-19-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/70°C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogenated compounds. Incompatible with mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, cresols. Attacks plastics, rubber, and coatings.
462
DIMETILACETIL
DIMETILACETIL (Spanish) (534-15-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 33"F/loC). May be able to form unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIMETILAMINA (Spanish) (124-40-3) A flammable gas (flash point O'FI- 17°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, p-chloroacetophenone, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubbers, and coatings. 2-DIMETILAMINOETANOL (Spanish) (108-01-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O5"F/4IoC oc). An organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly with other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized steel. 3-DIMETILAMINOPROPILAMINA(Spanish) (109-55-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10OoF/38"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, cellulose nitrate, ethylene dichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. N,N-DIMETILANILINA (Spanish) (121-69-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/ 63°C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (cause violent spattering). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, alcohols, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, ketones, aldehydes, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Contact with benzoyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, and other material may cause explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIMETILDICLOROSILANO(Spanish) (75-78-5) Forms explosive gas mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). Contact with water, steam, water vapor, moist air causes decomposition with the formation of hydrogen chloride. Contact with anhydrous ammonia forms a pyrophoric compound. Incompatible with acetone, amines, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, strong oxidizers, caustics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks most metals.
O,O-DIMETIL-O-(1,4-DIMETIL-3-OXO-4-AZA-PENT-l-ENIL)-FOSFATO (Italian) (141-66-2) May react violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates. Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 135"F/55"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones,
DIMETILZINC
463
lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate.
2,6-DIMETIL-EPTAN-4-ONE (Italian) (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 2OoF/49"C).Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
N,N-DIMETILFORMAMIDA (Spanish) (68-12-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 136"F/5S0C). Violent reaction with nitrates, carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorocyclohexane, and other halogenated compounds, particularly in contact with iron or strong oxidizers, may cause fire and explosions. Vigorous reaction with alkylaluminums. Incompatible strong acids, allyl trifluoromethanesulfonates, ammonia, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cresols, chromic anhydride, isocyanates, nitrates, phenols, magnesium nitrate, methylene diisocyante, phosphorous trioxide, triethyl aluminum. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
DIMETILFORMAMIDE (Italian) (68-12-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 136"F/5XoC). Violent reaction with nitrates, carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorocyclohexane, and other halogenated compounds, particularly in contact with iron or strong oxidizers, may cause fire and explosions. Vigorous reaction with alkylaluminums. Incompatible strong acids, allyl trifluoromethanesulfonates, ammonia, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cresols, chromic anhydride, isocyanates, nitrates, phenols, magnesium nitrate, methylene diisocyante, phosphorous trioxide, triethyl aluminum. Attacks some plastics and coatings. DIMETILHIDRAZINA (Spanish) (57-14-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5"F/- 15°C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers (with possible spontaneous ignition), strong acids, dicyanofurazan, methylene chloride. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, metallic mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIMETILSOLFATO (Italian) (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/83"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIMETILZINC (Spanish) (544-97-8) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reaction with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Violent reaction with bromine, 2,2-dichloropropane, oxygen gas, hydrazine, ozone; disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides; sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds. Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under dry nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations.
464
DIMETOX
DIMETOX (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel. DIMEXIDE (67-68-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 203"F/95"C oc). Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and related compounds, p-bromobenzoyl acetanilide. boron compounds, iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids. DIMPYLATE (333-41-5) A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers. DINIL (8004-13-5) Combustible solid or liquid [freezing point 54"F/l2"C (flash point 239"F/lI5"C cc)]. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DINITRO-2,4-ANILINE (97-02-9) Combustible solid (43S0F/224"C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Decomposes in moderate heat, releasing sulfur dioxide vapors that form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and chloroformates. 2,4-DINITROANILINE (97-02-9) Combustible solid (435"F/224"C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Decomposes in moderate heat, releasing sulfur dioxide vapors that form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidiLers, strong acids, strong bases, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and chloroformates. DINITROBENCENO (Spanish) (99-65-0; 100-25-4; 528-29-0; 25154-54-8) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/1SO0C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics. 2,4-DINITROBENZENAMIME (97-02-9) Combustible solid (435"F/224"C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Decomposes in moderate heat, releasing sulfur dioxide vapors that form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and chloroformates. DINITROBENZENE, mixed isomers (25154-54-8) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/15OoCcc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics. 1,2-DINITROBENZENE (528-29-0) Combustible solid (tlash point 3O2"F/15O0Ccc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are
3,5-DINITROBENZOICCHLORIDE
465
highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
1,3-DINITROBENZENE (99-65-0) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/150°C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
1,4-DINITROBENZENE (100-25-4) Combustible solid (flash point 3O2"F/15O0C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics. 2,4-DINITROBENZENE (99-65-0) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/15O0C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
m-DINITROBENZENE (99-65-0) Combustible solid (flash point 3O2"F/15OoC cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
o-DINITROBENZENE (528-29-0) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/15OoC cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
p-DINITROBENZENE (100-25-4) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/150°C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions, Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
3,s-DINITROBENZOIC ACID CHLORIDE (99-33-2) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Shock-, heat-, friction-sensitive explosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with moisture causes decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride fumes.
3,s-DINITROBENZOIC CHLORIDE (99-33-2) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Shock-, heat-, friction-sensitive explosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with moisture causes decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride fumes.
466
DINITROBENZOL, SOLID or DINITROBENZOL, SOLUTION
DINITROBENZOL, SOLID or DINITROBENZOL, SOLUTION (99-65-0; 100-25-4; 528-29-0; 25154-54-8) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/150°C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
1,2-DINITROBENZOL (528-29-0) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/1SOoC cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics. 1,3-DINITROBENZOL (99-65-0) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/1SO0C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics. 1,4-DINITROBENZOL (100-25-4) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/150°C cc). Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics. rn-DINITROBENZOL (99-65-0) Combustible solid (flash point 302"F/1SO°C cc). Shockand friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
o-DINITROBENZOL (528-29-0) Combustible solid (flash point 3O2"F/15O0Ccc). Shockand friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics, alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
p-DINITROBENZOL (100-25-4) Combustible solid (flash point 3O2"F/15O0Ccc). Shockand friction-sensitive explosive. Heat under confinement can cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. Incompatible with caustics. alkali metals, potassium, reducing agents. Attacks some plastics.
3,s-DINITROBENZOYL CHLORIDE (99-33-2) Combustible solid. A strong oxidizer. Shock-, heat-, friction-sensitive explosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with moisture causes decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride fumes.
2,4-DINITROCHLOROBENZENE (97-00-7) Combustible solid (flash point 382"F/ 194°C cc). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, mineral acids, aluminum. Forms explosive salts with strong alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia.
4,6-DINITRO-o-CRESOL
467
1,3-DINITRO-4-CHLOROBENZENE (97-00-7) Combustible solid (flash point
382"F/194"C cc). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, mineral acids, aluminum. Forms explosive salts with strong alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia.
2,4-DJNITRO-l-CHLOROBENZENE (97-00-7) Combustible solid (flash point
382OF1194"C cc). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, mineral acids, aluminum. Forms explosive salts with strong alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia.
DINITROCHLOROBENZOL (97-00-7) Combustible solid (flash point 382"F/194"C cc). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, mineral acids, aluminum. Forms explosive salts with strong alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia. DINITROCRESOL (534-52-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust and powder form explosive mixtures with air. Thermally unstable; elevated temperatures can cause explosion. May be moistened with up to 10% water to reduce the risk of explosion, or in paste form with 55-609k water. Incompatible with heat, strong oxidizers, amines, cresols, hydrocarbons, phenols. Stable at low pH, but decomposes upon UV radiation in alkaline solutions. DINITRO-o-CRESOL (534-52-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust and powder form explosive mixtures with air. Thermally unstable; elevated temperatures can cause explosion. May be moistened with up to 10% water to reduce the risk of explosion, or in paste form with 55-60% water. Incompatible with heat, strong oxidizers, amines, cresols, hydrocarbons, phenols. Stable at low pH, but decomposes upon UV radiation in alkaline solutions. 2,6-DINITRO-o-CRESOL(534-52-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust and powder form explosive mixtures with air. Thermally unstable; elevated temperatures can cause explosion. May be moistened with up to 10% water to reduce the risk of explosion, or in paste form with 55 -60% water. Incompatible with heat, strong oxidizers, amines, cresols, hydrocarbons, phenols. Stable at low pH, but decomposes upon UV radiation in alkaline solutions. 3,5-DINITRO-o-CRESOL(534-52-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust and powder form explosive mixtures with air. Thermally unstable; elevated temperatures can cause explosion. May be moistened with up to 10%water to reduce the risk of explosion, or in paste form with 55-60% water. Incompatible with heat, strong oxidizers, amines, cresols, hydrocarbons, phenols. Stable at low pH, but decomposes upon UV radiation in alkaline s o htions . 4,6-DINITRO-o-CRESOL(534-52-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust and powder form explosive mixtures with air. Thermally unstable; elevated temperatures can cause explosion. May be moistened with up to 10%water to reduce the risk of explosion, or in paste form with 5 5 5 6 0 % water. Incompatible with heat, strong oxidizers, amines, cresols, hydrocarbons, phenols. Stable at low pH, but decomposes upon UV radiation in alkaline solutions.
468
DINITROCYCLOHEXYL PHENOL
DINITROCYCLOHEXYL P H E N O L (131-89-5)Combustible solid (flash point
unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
DINITRO-o-CYCLOHEXYLPHENOL (131-89-5)Combustible solid (flash point
unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
2,4-DINITRO-6-CYCLOHEXYLPHENOL (131-89-5)Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
4,6-DINITRO-o-CYCLOHEXYL P H E N O L (131-89-5)Combustible solid (flash point
unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
2,6-DINITRO-N,N-DIPROPYL-4-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZENAMINE (158209-8) Combustible solid (flash point >18S0F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 4OoF/4.4"C.
~,~-DINITRO-N,N-DI-N-PROPYL-(U,(U,~-TRIFLURO-~-TOLUIDINE (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point > l8SoF/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 4OoF/4.4"C.
2P-DINITROFENOL(51-28-5)A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually
moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,4-DINITROFLUOROBENZENE (70-34-8) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point >233"F/>112"C). Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with acetonitrile, ammonia, strong oxidizers, strong bases, peroxides; may cause fire or explosion.
4,6-DINITRO-2-METHYL PHENOL
469
Incompatible with hexanitroethane, potassium. May react violently with many other compounds.
2,4-DINITRO-l-FLUOROBENZENE (70-34-8) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid
(flash point >233"F/> 112°C). Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with acetonitrile, ammonia, strong oxidizers, strong bases, peroxides; may cause fire or explosion. Incompatible with hexanitroethane, potassium. May react violently with many other compounds.
DINITROGEN MONOXIDE (10024-97-2) May form explosive mixture with flammable and reactive gases, including anhydrous ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitryl fluoride, phosphine. Nonflammable but supports combustion; as temperature increases above 572"F/30OoC, it becomes both a strong oxidizer and self-reactive. Pyrophoric at elevated temperatures. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum, ammonia, boron, hydrazine, lithium hydride, sodium, tungsten carbide.
DINITROGEN TETROXIDE or DINTROGEN TETRAOXIDE (10544-72-6)
Noncombustible, but supports combustion of combustible materials. A powerful oxidizer. Water contact produces nitric acid and nitric oxide. Incompatible with nitric oxide; reacts with air, producing additional nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with strong reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, barium oxide, boron trichloride, carbon disulfide, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, difluorotrifluoromethylphosphine, dimethyl sulfoxide, fonnaldehyde, ethers, fluorine, formaldehyde, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal powders, metal carbonyls, nitroanilines, nitrobenzene, nitrogen trichloride, organic compounds, oxygen difluoride, ozone, phospham, petroleum, pyridine, quinoline, sodium, tetracarbonyl nickel, tetramethyl tin, toluene, triethylamine, triethylammonium nitrate, vinyl chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, red phosphorus, petroleum products. Forms explosive material with propylene. Attacks with many metals in the presence of moisture.
DINITROGLYCOL (628-96-6) Explosive. Elevated temperatures above 237"F/114"C, acids, strong oxidizers, or mechanical shock can cause explosions. Reacts violently with sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
3,5-DINITRO-2-HYDROXYTOLUENE (534-52-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust and powder form explosive mixtures with air. Thermally unstable; elevated temperatures can cause explosion. May be moistened with up to 10% water to reduce the risk of explosion, or in paste form with 5S-60% water. Incompatible with heat, strong oxidizers, amines, cresols, hydrocarbons, phenols. Stable at low pH, but decomposes upon UV radiation in alkaline solutions. 4,6-DINITRO-2-METHYL PHENOL (534-52-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust and powder form explosive mixtures with air. Thermally unstable; elevated temperatures can cause explosion. May be moistened with up to 10% water to reduce the risk of explosion, or in paste form with 55-60% water. Incompatible with heat, strong oxidizers, amines, cresols, hydrocarbons, phenols. Stable at low pH, but decomposes upon UV radiation in alkaline solutions.
470
2.4-DINITRONILIN
2,4-DINITRONILIN(German) (97-02-9) Combustible solid (435"F/224"C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Decomposes in moderate heat, releasing sulfur dioxide vapors that form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and chloroformates. 2,4-DINITRONILINA (Italian) (97-02-9) Combustible solid (435"F/224"C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Decomposes in moderate heat, releasing sulfur dioxide vapors that form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and chloroformates. 2,4-DINITROPHENOL (51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2,s-DINITROPHENOL (329-71-5) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with boranes, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid.
2,6-DLNITROPHENOL (573-56-8) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with boranes, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. a-DINITROPHENOL (51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. P-DINITROPHENOL (573-56-8) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with boranes, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. y-DINITROPHENOL (329-71-5) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
0,O-DINITROPHENOL (573-56-8) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Contact with alkaline materials or UVlight may cause decomposition. Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with boranes, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid.
DINONYL 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLATE
471
2,4-DINITROTOLUENE(121-14-2) A high explosive with explosive energy that is about 85% of TNT. Combustible solid but may be shipped and stored in molten state (flash point 404"F/207"C). The solid is more sensitive to shock than liquid. Dust forms an explosive mixture with air. Commercial grades will decompose at 482"F/25O0C, with self-sustaining decomposition at 536"F/28OoC. Organic contaminants can lower these critical temperatures, and increase the risk of explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers, caustics, or reducing agents may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are explosive. Contact with sodium oxide causes ignition. Not compatible with chemically active metals such as tin and zinc. 2,BDINITROTOLUENE (606-20-2) See 2,4-Dini trotoluene. 3,4-DINITROTOLUENE (610-39-9) See 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. ar,ar-DINITROTOLUENE(25321-14-6) See 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. DINITROTOLUENES (602-01-7; 606-20-2; 610-39-9; 619-15-8; 618-85-9; 25321-14-6) See 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. DINITROTOLUOL (121-14-2) A high explosive with explosive energy that is about 85% of TNT. Combustible solid but may be shipped and stored in molten state (flash point 404"F/207"C). The solid is more sensitive to shock than liquid. Dust forms an explosive mixture with air. Commercial grades will decompose at 482"F/250°C, with self-sustaining decomposition at 536"F/28OoC.Organic contaminants can lower these critical temperatures, and increase the risk of explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers, caustics, or reducing agents may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are explosive. Contact with sodium oxide causes ignition. Not compatible with chemically active metals such as tin and zinc. 2,4-DINITROTOLUOL (121-14-2) A high explosive with explosive energy that is about 85% of TNT. Combustible solid but may be shipped and stored in molten state (flash point 404"F/207"C). The solid is more sensitive to shock than liquid. Dust forms an explosive mixture with air. Commercial grades will decompose at 482"F/250°C, with self-sustaining decomposition at 536"F/28OoC. Organic contaminants can lower these critical temperatures, and increase the risk of explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers, caustics, or reducing agents may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with nitric acid are explosive. Contact with sodium oxide causes ignition. Not compatible with chemically active metals such as tin and zinc.
2,6-DINITRO-4-TRIFLUORMETHYL-N,N-DIPROPYLANILIN (German) (158209-8) Combustible solid (flash point > 185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 4O0F/4.4"C. DINONYL 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLATE (84-76-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 420°F/2 16°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
472
DINONYL PHTHALATE
DINONYL PHTHALATE (84-76-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 420"F/ 21 6°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DI-N-NONYI, PHTHALATE (84-76-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 420°F/2 16°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DINOPOL NOP (117-84-0) Combustible solid (flash point 425"F/218"C oc). Water contact causes frothing. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates. DINOXOL (93-76-5) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamities, i socy anates, alkylene ox ides, epichlorohy drin . DINOXOL (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/1 80°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. DlNYL (8004-13-5) Combustible solid or liquid [freezing point 54"F/12"C (flash point 239"F/115"C cc)]. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIOCTYAL (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/I OlOC). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. DIOCTYL PHTHALATE (117-84-0) Combustible solid (flash point 425"F/218"C oc). Water contact causes frothing. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates. DI-sec-OCTYL PHTHALATE (117-81-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/199'C). Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers, DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101 "C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. DIOCTYN (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/10loC). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers, Shelf life affected by light and heat. DIOFORM (540-59-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"-69"F/ 18"-2 1"C). Forms unstable peroxides in air; can polymerize unless inhibited. Polymerization can be caused by peroxides, strong sunlight, elevated temperatures, contact with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong bases, alkali metals, aluminum, difluoromethylene, dihypofluoride, nitrogen tetroxide (explosive). Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings. DIOKAN (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers. strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
DIOXAN- 1,4
473
DIOLAMINE (111-42-2) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 280"F/ 138OC). Strong reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized iron.
DIOLANE (107-41-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 204"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
DIOMEDICONE (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
DIOP (27554-26-3) Combustible liquid but difficult to ignite (flash point 450°F/232"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIOSSANO-1,4 (Italian) (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54OF112"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
DIOSUCCIN (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 2 1 3"F/10loC). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
DIOTILAN (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/1Ol0C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
DIOVAC@(119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
1,4-DIOXACYCLOHEXANE (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics. DIOXAN (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
DIOXAN-1,4 (German) (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide,
474
DIOXANE
strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
DIOXANE (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics. DIOXANE-1,4 (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics. 1,4-DIOXANE (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics. p-DIOXANE (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics. DIOXANNE (French) (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics. 1,CDIOXANO (Spanish) (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
3,6-DIOXAOCTANE-l,S-DIOL (112-27-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 338"F/17OoC). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, isocyanates, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid.
DIOXIDO de NITROGEN0
475
DIOXIDO de AZUFRE (Spanish) (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or copper alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylide-ammonia, nitryl chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 140"F/6OoC, releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals in the presence of moisture. DIOXIDO de CARBON0 (Spanish) (124-38-9) Reacts violently with strong bases and alkali metals. Metal dusts of chemically active metals such as aluminum, chromium, manganese, magnesium, titanium, zirconium are ignitable and explosive when suspended and heated in carbon dioxide. Incompatible with acrolein, amines, anhydrous ammonia, aziridine, metal acetylides, cesium monoxide, lithium, potassium, sodium, sodium carbide, sodiumpotassium alloy, sodium peroxide, titanium. High flow or discharge rates from storage cylinders or fire extinguishers can cause buildup of static electricity, which can produce sparks and ignite any flammables or explosives. DIOXIDO de CLORO (Spanish) (10049-04-4) Highly reactive. A powerful oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, dust. Reacts with water or steam, forming perchloric acid and hydrogen chloride. Chlorine dioxide gas is explosive at concentrations over 10% and can be ignited by almost any form of energy, including sunlight, heat (explosions can occur in air in temperature above 266"F/13OoC), sparks, shock, friction, or concussion. Explosive reaction with carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, mercury, phosphorus, sugar, sulfur, catalysts, and many other materials. The gas may explode on contact with fluorine, fluoramines. The liquid explodes on contact with caustics, mercury, metal hydrides. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. DIOXIDO de MANGANESO (Spanish) (1313-13-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction, explosion, or ignition with reducing agents, other strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, calcium hydride, chlorine trifluoride, combustible materials, chlorates, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxylaminium chloride, metal powders, peroxomonosulfuric acid, potassium iodate, phosphorus, sodium peroxide, sulfur trioxide, and many other substances. Incompatible with aluminum (thermite reaction when heated), calcium hydride, copper, potassium azide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosives with anilinium perchlorate. Metal oxides increase the explosive or thermalsensitivity of nitroethane, nitromethane, nitropropane, and other lower nitroalkanes, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide, "thermite" materials. DIOXIDO de NITROGEN0 (Spanish) (10102-44-0) A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with water, forming nitric acid and oxygen. Violent reaction with strong reducing agents,
476
DIOXIDO de SELENIO
anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, ethers, fluorine, formaldehyde, fuels, nitrobenzene, oxygen ditluoride, petroleum, sodium, toluene. Incompatible with combustible materials, red phosphorus, petroleum products. Forms explosive material with propylene. Vapor reacts violently with phospham. Attacks with many metals in the presence of moisture.
DIOXIDO de SELENIO (Spanish) (7446-08-4) An oxidizer. Reacts with many substances, including reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, organic substances, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, phosphorus trichloride. Attacks most metals. DIOXITOL (111-46-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 255"F/124"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. p-DIOXOBENZENE (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperature in the presence of moisture. DIOXODICHLOROCHROMIUM (14977-61-8) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with water, producing hydrochloric and chromic acids, and chlorine gas. Potentially violent and explosive reaction with reducing agents, acetone, alcohols, calcium sulfide, combustible materials, gaseous or liquid ammonia, ethers, nonmetal halides, fuels, nonmetal hydrides, fluorine, organic matter, organic solvents, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, sodium azide, elemental sulfur, sulfur monochloride, turpentine, urea. Decomposes slowly in light. 1,3-DIOXOLAN-ZONE (96-49-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 289"F/143"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, nitrates, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. DIOXOLONE-2 (96-49-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 289"F/143"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, nitrates, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. DIOXONIUM PERCHLORATE SOLUTION (7601-90-3) Anhydrous material decomposes explosively at atmospheric pressure. Solutions of 72% or more, or containing organic contaminants, are shock- and heat-sensitive explosives. Elevated temperatures above 165"F/75"C may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, dehydrating agents, nitrogenous epoxides, metal powders, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, alcohols, azo pigments, ethers, glycols, glycol ethers, hypophosphites, iron(I1) sulfate, ketones, metal powders, strong acids, sulfoxides, sulfur trioxide, bis- 1,2-diarninopropane-cis-dichlorochromium(III)perchlorate, 1,3-bis(di-ncyclopentadienyl iron)-2-propen-l -one, carbon tetrachloride, dinitroaniline, dibutyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylbenzene, iron sulfate, iodides, ketones, 2-methyl cyclohexanone, nitrosophenol, o-periodic acid, oleic acid, organophosphorus compounds, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium phosphinate, sulfinyl chloride, sulfur trioxide, trichloroethylene, zinc phosphide. Incompatible with antimony compounds, bismuth, cellulose and
DIOXYETHYLENE ETHER
477
derivatives, copper dichromium tetraoxide, phenyl acetylene, sodium phosphinate. Forms explosive products with fluorine, hydrogen halides, phosphine, pyridine, sulfoxides.
1,IDIOXOPHTHALAN (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/152"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)-2-propen-l-one, copper(II) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,4-DIOXYBENZENE (106-51-4) Flammable or combustible solid (flash point depends on humidity 100-200°F/38 -93°C cc; also listed at approximately 1O4"F/4OoC; the higher the humidity, the greater the chance that material will self-heat and decompose exothermically > 140°F/>600C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air; may decompose in moist air. A weak oxidizer. Incompatible with strong bases, strong reducing agents, strong oxidizers, some combustible materials, some organic substances. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. rn-DIOXYBENZENE (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 26I0F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. o-DIOXYBENZENE (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 260aF/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIOXYDE de BARYUM (French) (1304-29-6) Reacts with water, forming oxygen. A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, reducing agents, acids, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum or magnesium, acetic anhydride, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, peroxyformic acid, propane. Contact with organic substances forms shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture .
DIOXYETHYLENE ETHER (123-91-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Can form unstable peroxides when exposed to air or moisture. Peroxides can be detonated by heat, friction, or impact. Violent reaction with silver perchlorate, sulfur tnoxide, strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, caustics, isocyanates, Raney nickel catalyst, decaborane, triethynylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many plastics.
478
4,8-DIOXY-UNDECANE DIOL,-1,11
4,8-DIOXY-UNDECANE DIOL,-1,11 (24800-44-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 285"F/141°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, alkalis, isocyanates, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIPA (108-18-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2loF/-6"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, mercury, phenols, cresols, captrolactam solution. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIPANOL (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIPENTENE (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIPENTYLAMINE (2050-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (124"F/5 1"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution.
DIPENTYL ETHER (693-65-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 134"F/ 56°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Ethers can form unstable and explosive peroxides upon standing.
DIPENTYL PHTHALATE (131-18-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/11S°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. o-DIPHENOL (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 26OoF/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIPHENYL (92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"F/113"C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions.
DIPHENYLAMINE (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine, trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point, liquid 307"F/153"C oc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (form salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and poly-nitro products.
DIPHENYLGLYOXAL
479
Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
N,N-DIPHENYLAMINE (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine, trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point, liquid 307"F/153"C oc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (form salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and poly-nitro products. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. N,N-DIPHENYLANILINE (603-34-9) Incompatible with aldehydes, ketones, nitrates, acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, nitrocompounds, oxidizers, oxygen, and peroxides. DIPHENYLDICHLOROSILANE (80-10-4) Water contact produces hydrochloric acid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. DIPHENYL-DIPHENYL ETHER MIXTURE (8004-13-5) Combustible solid or liquid [freezing point 54"F/12"C (flash point 239"Fl115"C cc)]. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 4,4'-DIPHENYLENEDIAMINE (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. DIPHENYL ETHER (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239°F/1150C). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coat-ings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIPHENYLGLYOXAL (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/ SOOC). Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fires andor explosion may result from contamination, or contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
480
DIPHENYL KETONE
DIPHENYL KETONE (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide.
DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE (101-68-8) Combustible solid (flash point 38S0F/196"C). Violent reaction with acids, bases, alcohols, amines. Incompatible with ammonia, amides, glycols, caprolactam. Unstable above 1OO0F/38"C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts slowly with water.
DIPHENYLMETHANE-4,4'-DIISOCYANATE(101-68-8) Combustible solid (flash
point 385"F1196"C). Violent reaction with acids, bases, alcohols, amines. Incompatible with ammonia, amides, glycols, caprolactam. Unstable above 100"F138"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts slowly with water.
4,4'-DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE (101-68-8) Combustible solid (flash point 38S0F/196"C). Violent reaction with acids, bases, alcohols, amines. Incompatible with ammonia, amides, glycols, caprolactam. Unstable above IOOoF/38"C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Keacts slowly with water. DIPHENYL METHANONE (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide.
DIPHENYL MIXED with DIPHENYL ETHER (8004-13-5) Combustible solid or liquid [freezing point S4"F/12"C (flash point 239"F/115"C cc)]. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DIPHENYL OXIDE (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/ll5"C). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DIPHENYLSILICON DICHLORIDE (80-10-4) Water contact produces hydrochloric acid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. DIPHENYLTRICHLOROETHANE (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers. DIPHOSPHORIC ACID, TETRAETHYL ESTER (107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 30O0F/150"C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
DIPROPIL CETONA
481
DIPIRATRIL-TROPIC0 (67-68-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 203"F/9S°C oc). Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and related compounds, p-bromobenzoyl acetanilide, boron compounds, iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids.
DIPOFENE (333-41-5) A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers.
DIPOTASSIUM CHROMATE or DIPOTASSIUM DICHROMATE (7778-50-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylamine, iron powder, nitric acid, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, tungsten and zirconium dusts. Mixture with sulfuric acid forms chromic acid. Incompatible with ethylene glycol, iron, tungsten. DIPOTASSIUM PERSULFATE (7727-21-1) A powerful oxidizer. Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures [>212"F/>10OoC or >122"F/>SO0C (in solution)] liberate oxygen, and hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid vapors. Reacts violently with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, glycols, organic substances or other readily oxidizable materials, phenyl hydride, sulfur, metallic dusts such as aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, etc. Attacks chemically active metals.
DIPROPANEDIOL DIBENZOATE (94-51-9) Combustible liquid (flash point >300°F/
> 149°C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
DI-N-PROPENYLAMINE (124-02-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S9"F/1S0C). An organic base. Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc.
DI-2-PROPENYL ESTER, 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID (131-17-9) Combustible liquid (33OoF/165"C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Heat and contact with peroxides can cause polymerization, creating a solid mass.
DIPROPIL CETONA (Spanish) (123-19-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 118"F/48"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid.
482
DIPROPILENGLICOL
DIPROPILENGLICOL (Spanish) (110-98-5)Combustible liquid (250°F/121"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, isocyanates, strong oxidizers.
DIPROPILENTRIAMINA (Spanish) (56-18-8)Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/ 79°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids and strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
DI-n-PROPYLALUMINUMHYDRIDE (2036-159) Extremely flammable liquid. The pure material ignites spontaneously in air. A powerful reducing agent. Violent reaction with water. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alcohols, carbon dioxide, cresols, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, methyl ether, nitrogen oxides, phenols, sulfur oxides, tetrahydrofuran, and many other materials. Store under inert gas, away from all other materials. Commercial product may be a 15-30% solution in hydrocarbons. See also next entry. DI-n-PROPYLALUMINUM HYDRIDE, 15 % solution in hydrocarbons (2036-15-9)
Forms explosive mixture in air [flash point (based on hexane) -14"F/-26"C]. Once solvent has evaporated, this substance is pyrophoric. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also above entry.
DIPROPYLAMINE or DI-n-PROPYLAMINE (142-84-7)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 63"F/17"C). May form salts with hydrochloric or other strong acids. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Dissolves paint and most plastics; swells rubber. Attacks copper, zinc, brass, bronze, aluminum, magnesium, and their alloys.
4-(DI-N-PROPYLAMINO)-3,5-DINITRO-l-TRIFLUOROMETHY LBENZENE (1582-09-8)Combustible solid (flash point >185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with
barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
N,N-DI-N-PROPYL-2,6-DINITRO-4-TRIFLUOROMETHYLANILINE (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point > 185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
N,N-DIPROPYL-1 -PROPANAMINE
483
DIPROPYL ETHER (111-43-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 70"F/ 21"C). Forms unstable and explosive peroxides, especially when anhydrous. Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL (110-98-5) Combustible liquid (25OoF/12l0C).Incompatible with sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, isocyanates, strong oxidizers. DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE (94-51-9) Combustible liquid (flash point >300"F/> 149°C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER (34590-94-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 186"F/86"C). May form unstable peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER (34590-94-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 186"F/86"C). May form unstable peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. DIPROPYLENE TRIAMINE (56-18-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids and strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. DIPROPYL KETONE (123-19-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 118"F/ 48°C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. DIPROPYL METHANE (142-82-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 25"F/ -4°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can ignite its vapors. DIPROPYL OXIDE (111-43-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 70°F/21 "C). Forms unstable and explosive peroxides, especially when anhydrous. Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid.
N,N-DIPROPYL-1-PROPANAMINE (102-69-2)A medium-strong organic base. Violent
reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates,
484
N,N-DfPROPYL-4-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-2,6-DINITROANILINE
alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolaclam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
N,N-DIPROPYL-4-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-2,6-DINITROANILINE (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point > 185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls. cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates. phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
DIPTEREX@ (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel. DIQUAT (85-00-7)Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, oxygen difluoride. Concentrated solution attacks aluminum and other metals. DIQUAT DIBROMIDE (85-00-7) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, oxygen difluoride. Concentrated solution attacks aluminum and other metals. DISILANE (N/A) [Si,H,] A highly reactive gas; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with heat. water, steam, acids, alcohols, potassium hydroxide, evolving heat and explosive hydrogen with possible ignition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, fluorine, liquid oxygen, halocarbons, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, sulfur hexafluonde. Request special handling instructions from the manufacturer. DISODIUM SULFIDE (1313-82-2) Anhydrous material ignites spontaneously in air. Sensitive to rapidly elevated temperatures, heat above 1688"F/92OoC,or friction; can cause explosive decomposition, forming sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with carbon, N,N-dichloromethylamine, o-nitroaniline. Once moist, can self-ignite upon drying in air. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, aluminum powder, carbon, oxidizers, diazonium salts. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, rn-chlorobenzenediazonium salts, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks light metals: aluminum and steel. DISODIUM SULFITE (7757-83-7)React with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with oxidizers, lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. DISOLFURO di TETRAMETILTIOURAME (Italian) (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases.
DISULFURO de CARBONO
485
DISPERMINE (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide. Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc.
DISULFUR DICHLORIDE (10025-67-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 244"F/ll 8OC). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Decomposes in water or steam, producing heat, hydrochloric acid, and fumes of sulfur dioxide, sulfur thiosulfite, hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with chromyl chloride, strong bases, oxides of phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, organic substances. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, phosphorus trichloride, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
DISULFURE de TETRAMETHYLTHIOURAME (French) (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases.
DISULFURIC ACID (8014-95-7) A powerful oxidizer and strong acid. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts with air, producing corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with reducing agents, bases, combustible materials, organic materials, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, ally1 chloride, 2-amino ethanol, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cresol, n-butyraldehyde, carbides, cast iron, chlorates, cresol, epichlorohydrin, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene imine, fulminates, glycols, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid, hydracrylonitrile, hydrogen fluoride, (hydroxyimino)cyclohexane. isoprene, mesityl oxide, metallic powders, methyl ethyl ketone, nitric acid, 2-nitropropane, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, P-propiolacetone, propylene oxide, pyridine, sodium hydroxide, sulfolane, styrene monomer, 2,4,4-trimethyl pentene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride. Reacts vigorously with metals (powders will ignite), releasing flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings on brief contact. DISULFURO de CARBONO (Spanish) (75-15-0) Highly reactive. Shock, friction, or concussion can cause explosive decomposition. May ignite spontaneously on contact with air, or with hot surfaces, releasing toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -22"F/-3O0C). Contact with metal oxides can lower ignition point. Its vapor may cause ignition or explosion of finely divided aluminum, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, chlorine, phosphorus oxychloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive with potassium, potassium azide, alloys of potassiudsodium. Ignition or violent reaction with strong oxidizers, releasing sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide, reducing agents, alkali metals, nitrogen oxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aluminum, azides, carbon monoxide, chlorine monoxide, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, halogens, lithium azide, nitric oxide, nitrogen
486
DITHIO
dioxide, organic amines, zinc. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber, and coating. May attack copper and copper alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
DITHIO (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITHIOATE (86-50-0) Hydrolyzes in water; process accelerates under alkaline conditions. Incompatible with perchloric acid. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Unstable at temperatures above 392"F/2OO0C;when exposed to elevated temperatures, the containers may explode.
ar,ar'-DITHIOBIS(DIMETHYLTHIO)FORMAMIDE (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases.
DITHIOCARBONIC ANHYDRIDE (75-15-0) Highly reactive. Shock, friction, or concussion can cause explosive decomposition. May ignite spontaneously on contact with air, or with hot surfaces, releasing toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -22"F/-3OoC). Contact with metal oxides can lower ignition point. Its vapor may cause ignition or explosion of finely divided aluminum, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, chlorine, phosphorus oxychloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive with potassium, potassium azide, alloys of potassium/sodium. Ignition or violent reaction with strong oxidizers, releasing sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide, reducing agents, alkali metals, nitrogen oxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aluminum, azides, carbon monoxide, chlorine monoxide, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, halogens, lithium azide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, organic amines, zinc. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber, and coating. May attack copper and copper alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DITHIODEMETON (298-04-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"C).Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers.
N,N'-(DITHIODICARBOROTHIOYL)BIS(~-METHYL-METHANAMINE) (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases.
DITHIODIPHOSPHORIC ACID, TETRAETHYL ESTER (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITHIOFOS (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITHION or DITHIONE (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITHIONIC ACID (8014-95-7) A powerful oxidizer and strong acid. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be
4,4'-DI-o-TOLUIDINE
487
generated. Reacts with air, producing corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with reducing agents, bases, combustible materials, organic materials, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, ally1 chloride, 2-amino ethanol, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cresol, n-butyraldehyde, carbides, cast iron, chlorates, cresol, epichlorohydrin, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene imine, fulminates, glycols, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid, hydracrylonitrile, hydrogen fluoride, (hydroxyimino)cyclohexane, isoprene, mesityl oxide, metallic powders, methyl ethyl ketone, nitric acid, 2-nitropropane, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, P-propiolacetone, propylene oxide, pyridine, sodium hydroxide, sulfolane, styrene monomer, 2,4,4-trimethyl pentene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride. Reacts vigorously with metals (powders will ignite), releasing flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings on brief contact.
DITHIOPHOSPHATE de O,O-DIETHYLE ETDE S(2-ETHYLTHIO-ETHYLE) (French) (298-04-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C). Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers. DI(THIOPHOSPHOR1C) ACID, TETRAETHYL ESTER (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATEde TETRAETHYLE (French) (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITHIOPYROPHOSPHORIC ACID, O,O,O,O-TETRAETHYL ESTER (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITHIOSYSTOX (298-04-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C). Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers. DITHIOTEP (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. DITIONITO de ZINC (Spanish) (7779-86-4) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 4,4'-DI-o-TOLUIDINE (95-53-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 185OF185"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition
488
DITRIDECYL PHTHALATE
with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
DITRIDECYL PHTHALATE (119-06-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 47OoF/243"C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. DITTHIONOUS ACID, ZINC SALT (7779-86-4) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. DIUNDECYL PHTHALATE (3648-20-2) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates. DIUROL 5030 (61-82-5) Substance acts as a weak base to form salts in contact with acids. Corrosive to iron, aluminum, copper, and copper alloys. DIURON (330-54-1) Hydrolyzes in fairly strong acids. Rate of hydrolysis increases with elevated temperatures. Violent reaction with sodium hydroxide. DIVINILBENCENO (Spanish) (1321-74-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 157"F/ 69°C). Thermally unstable; unless inhibited, can polymerize if heated. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts with acids, metal salts, peroxides, polymerization initiators. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIVINYL (106-99-0) Flammable gas (flash point - 105"F/-76"C). Self-reactive. In absence of an inhibitor, forms heat-, shock-, and impact-sensitive peroxides with air. Stabilize with tert-butyl catechol or other inhibitor and maintain levels at all times. Fires, explosions, or hazardous polymerization may result from contact with strong oxidizers, copper, high copper alloys, chlorine dioxide, crotonaldehyde, strong acids, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, phenol, sodium nitrite, or polymerization initiators such as azobisisobutylonitrile, hydroquinone, or peroxyacetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. 1,4-DIVINYLBENZENE (1321-74-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 157"F/69"C). Thermally unstable; unless inhibited, can polymerize if heated. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts with acids, metal salts, peroxides, polymerization initiators. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DIVINYL ETHER (109-93-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 21OoF/>99"C). Reacts with oxidizers. Decomposes at 482"F/25OoC. 1-DODECANETHIOL (112-55-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 262"F/12S°C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. DODECANOIC ACID (143-07-7) Combustible solid (flash point >23OoF/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. N-DODECANOIC ACID (143-07-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. DODECANOL, 1-DODECANOL, or n-DODECANOL (112-53-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. DODECANOL, ETHOXYLATED (9002-92-0) Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. DODECANOYL PEROXIDE (105-74-8) A flammable solid (flash point < 127"F/ 110°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. DODECYL ALCOHOL or n-DODECYL ALCOHOL (112-53-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearthand alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl
DODECYL PHENOL or DODECYL PHENOL, MIXED ISOMERS
493
chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
DODECYLBENZENE or n-DODECYLBENZENE (123-01-3)Combustible liquid (275"F/135"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers; poses risk of fire or explosions. DODECYL BENZENESULFONATE (27176-87-0)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100°F/38"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with alkalis. Corrosive to metals. DODECYL BENZENESULFONIC ACID (27176-87-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"F138"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with alkalis. Corrosive to metals. DODECYLBENZENESULFONIC ACID, CALCIUM SALT (27176-87-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"F/38"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with alkalis. Corrosive to metals. DODECYLBENZENESULFONIC ACID, LSOPROPYLAMINE SALT (42504-46-1) Combustible solid. (flash point, liquid >300°F/149"C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. a-DODECYLENE (112-40-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Able to form unstable peroxides. Reacts with inorganic acids, halogenated compounds, molten sulfur, and oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DODECYL MERCAPTAN (112-55-0)Combustible liquid (flash point 262"F/128"C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. tert-DODECYL MERCAPTAN (2466-19-1)Combustible liquid (flash point 179"F/ 82°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. DODECYLMETHACRYLATE (142-90-5)Combustible liquid (flash point >23OoF/ >110"C). Unless inhibited (90- 120 ppm hydroquinone recommended), able to form unstable peroxides. Strong oxidizers or reducing agents may cause polymerization, fires, or explosion.
DODECYL-2-METHYL-2-PROPENOATE (142-90-5) Combustible liquid (flash point
>230°F/>1 10°C). Unless inhibited (90- 120 ppm hydroquinone recommended), able to form unstable peroxides. Strong oxidizers or reducing agents may cause polymerization, fires, or explosion.
DODECYL PHENOL or DODECYL PHENOL, MIXED ISOMERS (27193-86-8) Combustible liquid (325"F/163"C). Reacts with oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides.
494
DODECYL TRICHLOROSILANE
DODECYL TRICHLOROSILANE (4484-72-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 151"F166"C). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen. Difficult to extinguish; reignition may occur. DOLCYMENE (99-87-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 116"F/47"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks and softens rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DOMATOL (61-82-5) Substance acts as a weak base to form salts in contact with acids. Corrosive to iron, aluminum, copper, and copper alloys. DOMOLITE (1317-65-3) Incompatible with acids, ammonium salts, fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium. mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. DOMOSO (67-68-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 203"F/95"C oc). Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and related compounds, p-bromobenzoyl acetanilide, boron compounds, iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids. DRACYLIC ACID (65-85-0) Combustible (flash point 249"F/12I0C). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates. DRYCLEANER NAPHTHA or DRYCLEANING SAFETY SOLVENT (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"- 140"F/38"-60"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. DUODECYLIC ACID (143-07-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. DURSBAN or DURSBAN F (2921-88-2) Incompatible with strong acids, antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Hydrolyzes from acid or alkaline solutions. DYKANOL (1336-36-3) See PCBs.
E ECF (541-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6l0F/l6"C).Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride. Reacts slowly with water or steam, forming hydrochloric acid and ethanol. Strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, ethers, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, phenol. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ECRINITRIT (7632-00-0) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures cause decomposition, emitting oxygen; explosion above 1O0O0F/537"C.Contact with moisture causes dissociation; nitrite ions are oxidized to nitrates; also, moist air causes slow oxidation to nitrate. A strong oxidizer, but under certain conditions the material can also act as a strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, cellulose, sodium amide. Reacts with acids, acrolein, alcohols, butadiene, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, cyanides, I , 1 -dichloro- 1 -nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fuels, glycols, lithium, phthalic acid, powdered metals, s-trioxane, and many other substances. Forms heat- and/or frictionsensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organic substances. Incompatible with ammonium or aminoguanidine salts, barium thiocyanate, rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, mercury cyanide, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, potassium ferricyanide, potassium ferrocyanide, sodium disulfite, sodium nitroferricyanide, sodium thiocyanate, sodium thiosulfate, urea. EDETIC and EDETIC ACID (60-00-4) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. EDTA or EDTA ACID (60-00-4) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. EGITOL (67-72-1) Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Rapidly elevated temperatures may cause ignition or explosion. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. EHYDE ACETIQUE (French) (75-07-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"F/-3S°C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides, alcohols, anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, oxidizers, phenols, phosphorus. Explodes 495
496
EHYDE ACRYLIQUE
when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks rubber, coatings, and some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon@,polyurethane, Neoprene@,Viton@).
EHYDE ACRYLIQUE (French) (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. EIDE ACETICA (Italian) (75-07-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -36"F/ -38°C). Oxidizes freely in air, forming unstable peroxides that can explode spontaneously. Slowly polymerizes to acetic acid. Exposure to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers can cause explosive polymerization. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with combustibles, strong acids, acid anhydrides, alcohols, anhydrous ammonia, amines, bromine, caustic materials, chlorine, ketones, halogens, hydrogen sulfide, oxidizers, phenols, phosphorus. Explodes when mixed with iodine, oxygen. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers. Pure product attacks rubber, coatings, and some plastics (PVC, nitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon@,polyurethane, Neoprene@,Viton@). EIDE ACRILICA (Italian) (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caus-tics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. -
ELAIC ACID (112-80-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 372"F/l89"C cc). An organic acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, finely divided aluminum, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum; reaction may be violent when this material is peroxidized. ELALDEHYDE (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ENDOSULFAN
497
ELANCOLAN (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point >185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
EMBAFUME (74-83-9) Combustible gas, but not easily ignited; it has narrow flammability limits in air (10-16% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts with water. Attacks aluminum to form pyrophoric alkyl aluminum salts. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, metals, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene oxide, water. Attacks zinc, magnesium, alkali metals, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
EMERALD GREEN (12002-03-8) Contact with strong oxidizers, chlorine, fluorine, and peroxides, may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or may form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate.
EMULSAMINE@BK or EMULSAMINE@E-3 (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/I 80"C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis.
EMULSIPHOS@ 440/660 (7601-54-9) Reacts with moisture in air, forming sodium carbonate. Aqueous solution is a strong caustic. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides. acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and related alloys in the presence of moisture. ENANTHIC ACID (111-14-8) Combustible liquid (flash point >221 OF/> lO5OC). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
ENANTHIC ALCOHOL (111-70-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde. benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ENDOSULFAN (115-29-7) Hydrolyzed in alkaline solutions. When heated to decomposition, or on contact with acids or acid fumes, produces highly toxic sulfur and chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels, iron, and other metals.
498
ENDRIN
ENDRIN (72-20-8) Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids (forms explosive vapors), strong oxidizers. Incompatible with parathion. Rearranges to endrin ketone (6-ketoendrin) in the presence of some metal salts, catalysts, strong acids, in sunlight, and in elevated temperatures above 392"F/20OoC.Slightly corrosive to metals. ENTSUFON (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/180°C. Explodes when heated above 4SO°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or with strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon. EPICHLOROHYDRIN or a-EPICHLOROHYDRIN (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/21 "C). Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides, aluminum. aluminum chloride, iron(II1) chloride, or zinc can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium tert-butoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. EPICLORHIDRINA (Spanish) (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/21 "C). Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron(II1) chloride, or zinc can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium tert-butoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. EPIHYDRIN ALCOHOL (556-52-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7OoC). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with strong acids, caustics, chemically active metals (aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.), metal salts, trichloroethylene, especially in the presence of heat, can cause polymerization or exothermic decomposition. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. EPOXIDE A (1675-54-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C).Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Ethers form peroxides on contact with air and light. 1,2-EPOXYAETHAN (German) (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, rn-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts,
EPOXYETHANE
499
combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/100"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2-EPOXYBUTANE (106-88-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -7"F/
- 22°C). Unless inhibited, violent polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures, sunlight, acids, aluminum chlorides, bases, iron, tin, potassium, sodium, sodium hydroxide, or certain salts. Reacts violently with oxidizers, alcohols. Reacts with hydroxides, metal chlorides, oxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, acetylene, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants.
1,QEPOXYBUTANE (109-99-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6"F/ - 14°C; also listed at 1.4"F/- 17°C cc). Unless inhibited, forms 2-tetrahydrofuryl hydro-
peroxide and then forms unstable and explosive polyalkylidene peroxide. Polymerization can occur in the presence of acids, bases (e.g., potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), and certain salts. Peroxides can be removed by treatment with a slightly acidic solution of strong ferrous sulfate treated with sodium bisulfate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, oxygen, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, metal halides, peroxyacetic acid, potassium hydride. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia, acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants. Incompatible with borane, calcium hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium aluminum tetrahydride. Attacks some plastics and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can result in ignition of its vapors.
1,2-EPOXY-3-BUTOXYPROPANE (2426-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point l3O0F/54"C). Air and light cause formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Strong caustics may cause polymerization. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
1,2-EPOXY-3-CHLOROPROPANE (106-89-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 69"F/21 "C). Contact with elevated temperatures, strong acids, strong bases, metallic halides, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron(II1) chloride, or zinc can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with aniline, hypochlorite, isopropylamine, potassium tertbutoxide, sulfuric acid. Mixtures with trichloroethylene form dichloroacetylene, an explosive. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkaline earths, alkali metals, alkanolamines, powdered metals, strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition produces highly toxic phosgene gas. Will pit steel in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. EPOXYETHANE (French) (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point - 4 T - 2 0 " C ) . Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent
500
12-EPOXY ETHANE or 1,2-EPOXYETHANE
reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, m-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/1OO0C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2-EPOXY ETHANE or 1,ZEPOXYETHANE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2O0C). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, rn-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/100"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
EPOXYETHYLBENZENE or 1,2-EPOXYETHYLBENZENE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene.
1,2-EPOXY-3-HYDROXY PROPANE (556-52-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/ 70°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with strong acids, caustics, chemically active metals (aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.), metal salts, trichloroethylene, especially in the presence of heat, can cause polymerization or exothermic decomposition. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1,2-EPOXY-3-ISOPROPOXYPROPANE (4016-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Air and light cause formation of unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkalis, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. EPOXYPROPANE, 1,2-EPOXYPROPANE, or 2,3-EPOXYPROPANE (75-56-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -35"F/-37"C), or with oxygen. Reacts with water, steam. Contact with water may lead to a runaway reaction. Able to form unstable peroxides; acids, caustic materials, metal halides can cause hazardous polymerization. Reacts with acids, ammonia, amines, acetylene-forming metals, clay-based absorbents. Incompatible with anhydrous metal chlorides, caustics, ammonium hydroxide, salts. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
ESEN@
501
1,2-EPOXY-l-PROPANOLor 2,3-EPOXYPROPANOL (556-52-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with strong acids, caustics, chemically active metals (aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.), metal salts, trichloroethylene, especially in the presence of heat, can cause polymerization or exothermic decomposition. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 2,3-EPOXYPROPYL BUTYL ETHER (2426-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 130°F/54"C). Air and light cause formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Strong caustics may cause polymerization. Attacks some plastics and rubber. 2-EPOXYPROPYL ETHER (2238-07-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/12"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. May form unstable peroxides upon contact with air and exposure to light. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. EPOXYSTYRENE or a#-EPOXYSTYRENE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene. EPTANI (Italian) (142-82-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 25OF/-4'C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can ignite its vapors. ERYTHRENE (106-99-0) Flammable gas (flash point - 105"F/-76"C). Self-reactive. In absence of an inhibitor, forms heat-, shock-, and impact-sensitive peroxides with air. Stabilize with tert-butyl catechol or other inhibitor and maintain levels at all times. Fires, explosions, or hazardous polymerization may result from contact with strong oxidizers, copper, high copper alloys, chlorine dioxide, crotonaldehyde, strong acids, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, phenol, sodium nitrite, or polymerization initiators such as azobisisobutylonitrile, hydroquinone, or peroxyacetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
ESAIDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINA (Italian) (121-82-4) Usually moistened with up to 15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is high explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids, strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. ESANI (Italian) (110-54-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -7"F/-22"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with dinitrogen tetraoxide may explode at 82"F/28"C. Incompatible with strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ESEN@(85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/152"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water,
502
ESSENCE OF MIRBANE OR ESSENCE OF MYRBANE
forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)-2-propen- 1-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ESSENCE of MIRBANE or ESSENCE of MYRBANE (98-95-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 19OoF/88"C). An oxidizer. Violent reaction with nitrogen oxides, potassium hydroxide, silver perchlorate, alkali metals. Reacts with reducing agents, combustible materials, strong oxidizers. Mixture with alkali materials may increase this material's thermal sensitivity. Incompatible with alkalis, 7H-benz(de)anthracene-7-one,nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, caustics, ammonia, amines. Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum chloride, fluorotrinitromethane, fuming nitric acid, phosphorus pentachloride, potassium, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, tin(V) chloride. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ESSENCE of NIOBE (93-89-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ESSIGESTER (German) (141-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 13S°F/S7"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, oleurn. Will hydrolyze on standing, forming acetic acid and ethyl alcohol; this reaction is greatly accelerated by strong bases.
ESSIGSAEURE (German) (64-19-7) Vapor forms explosive mixture with air (above 103"F/39"C). Reacts violently with bases such as carbonates and hydroxides giving off large quantities of heat, oxidizers, organic amines, acetaldehyde, potassium tert-butoxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium nitrate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, oleum, perchloric acid, permanganates, phosphorus isocyanate, phosphorus trichloride, sodium peroxide, xylene. Attacks cast iron, stainless steel, and other metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks many forms of rubber, plastic, and coatings.
ESSIGSAEUREANHYDRID (German) (108-24-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Reacts with water, forming acetic acid and liberating a large amount of heat. Reacts with alcohol. forming ethyl acetate. Reacts violently with alkaline materials (e.g., potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), barium peroxide, boric acid, chromic trioxide, 1,3-diphenyltriazine, peroxyacetic acid, fluoroboric acid. Reacts with strong acids, ammonia, amines, 2-amino-ethanol, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, ethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, finely divided metals, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, oxidizers, perchloric acid, permanganates, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Keep away from sunlight and heat. Attacks some
ESTIRENO
503
plastics including PVC and Viton@,rubbers including natural, nitrile, and, to a lesser degree, neoprene. Corrodes iron, steel, and other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ESTANE@5703 (51-79-6) Incompatible with 2-naphthol, gallium, perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride, strong oxidizers.
ESTANO (Spanish) (7440-31-5) Finely divided material is combustible and forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with moisture in air forms tin dioxide. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, bis-o-azido benzoyl peroxide, bromates, bromine, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, bromine azide, cadmium, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine monofluoride, chlorine nitrate, chlorine pentafluoride, chlorites, copper(I1) nitrate, fluorine, hydriodic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, nitrosyl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, perchlorates, perchloroethylene, potassium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, sulfur, sulfur dichloride. Reacts with alkalis, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with arsenic compounds, azochloramide, benzene diazonium-4-sulfonate, benzyl chloride, chloric acid, cobalt chloride, copper oxide, 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, hexafluorobenzene, hydrazinium nitrate, glicidol, iodine heptafluoride, iodine monochloride, iodine pentafluoride, lead monoxide, mercuric oxide, nitryl fluoride, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, tellurium, turpentine, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxide, titanium dioxide. Contact with acetaldehyde may cause polymerization. May form explosive compounds with hexachloroethane, pentachloroethane, picric acid, potassium iodate, potassium peroxide, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene- I ,3,5-triol.
ESTEARATO AMONICO (Spanish) (1002-89-7) Combustible solid (flash point 140"F/ 60°C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chlorine trifluoride, magnesium, potassium nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with nitrates. Forms a heat-sensitive explosive with 5-azidotetrazole. Reacts with gold chloride, forming fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with sodium dichloroisocyanurate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ESTEARATO de ZINC (Spanish) (557-05-1) Combustible solid (flash point 530"F/ 277°C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ESTERCIDE@T-2 or ESTERCIDE@T-245 (93-76-5) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic mines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. ESTIBINA (Spanish) (7803-52-3) Flammable and thermally unstable gas. Reacts with moisture, forming explosive hydrogen. Elevated temperatures above 390°F/198"C can cause fire and explosion. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, halogenated hydrocarbons, ozone. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonia.
ESTIRENO (Spanish) (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/ 3 1°C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 151 "F/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight.
504
ETAHOLO
Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,S-dimethyl-2,5-di(tertbutylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g, aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and copper alloys. Attacks some plastics. rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of cubstance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
ETAHOLO (Italian) (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 55"F/13"C; 68"F/20°C, (80%); 72OF122"C (60%); 79OF126"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-rut-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(II1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ETAIN (TETRACHLORURE d') (French) (7646-78-8) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, producing much heat, hydrochloric acid, tin oxide. Violent reaction with bases, oxidizers, organic materials, phenyl azide, silicon tetrahydride. Contact with alcohols, alkyl nitrates, amines, ethylene oxide, potassium, sodium, turpentine may cause fire and explosions. Contact with ethylene oxide may cause violent polymerization. Incompatible with glycidol. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. ETANO (Spanish) (74-84-0) Flammable gas (flash point - 135"F/-93"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate. incompatible with nitronium tetrafluorohorate( 1-). Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ETANOLAMINA (Spanish) (141-43-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 8S0F/85"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (with spattering). Incompatible with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylates, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, mesityl oxide, oleum, organic anhydrides, phenols, P-propiolactone, vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Reacts with iron, forming tris-ethanolaminoiron, a pyrophoric material. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Attacks plastics, coatings, and rubber. ETER-n-AMILICO (Spanish) (693-65-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 134"F/S6"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Ethers can form unstable and explosive peroxides upon standing.
ETER DIMETILICO
505
ETERATO de TRIFLUORURO de BORO (Spanish) (109-63-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with moist air, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride. Violent reaction with oxidizers, etherral lithium aluminum hydride, and other powerful reducing agents. Attacks metals, glass, concrete in the presence of moisture.
ETER BENCILICO (Spanish) (103-50-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C). Capable of spontaneous explosion. Forms unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ETER de n-BUTILGLICIDIL (Spanish) (2426-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 130°F/54"C). Air and light produce unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Strong caustics may cause polymerization. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
ETER BUTILICO (Italian) (142-96-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrogen trichloride, strong acids. Contact with air or sunlight can produce unstable and shock-, friction-, and heatsensitive explosive peroxides. Regularly test storage containers for peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ETER n-DIBUTILICO (Spanish) (142-96-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrogen trichloride, strong acids. Contact with air or sunlight can produce unstable and shock-, friction-, and heat-sensitive explosive peroxides. Regularly test storage containers for peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ETER sin-DICLOROETILICO (Spanish) (111-44-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 13loF/55"C). Contact with water produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorosulfuric acid, metal powders, fuming sulfuric acid. Attacks iron, mild steel, aluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ETER DIETILICO (Spanish) (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49T-45"C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%),silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ETER DIMETILICO (Spanish) (115-10-6) Flammable gas (flash point -42"F/-41°C). Forms explosive mixture with air. May be heat- and shock-sensitive. Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with oxidizers, aluminum hydride. Incompatible with strong acids, metal salts.
506
ETER DIISOPROPILICO
ETER DIISOPROPILICO(Spanish) (108-20-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1S°F/-28"C). Exceptionally vulnerable to the formation of unstable peroxides that precipitate as dry crystalline material and may detonate with heat, shock, sunlight, or friction. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, propionyl chloride, strong acids, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ETERE ETILICO (Italian) (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49T-45"C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (9O%), silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ETER de 2-ETILHEXILO GLICIDILO (Spanish) (2461-15-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OIoF/94"C). Able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbonic acid, halogen acids, permanganates, peroxides, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. ETER ETILMETILICO (Spanish) (540-67-0) Flammable gas (flash point - 35"F/ -37°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, sulfuric and nitric acids. Incompatible with permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ETER de METILPROPIL (Spanish) (557-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point < -4"F/325"F/>163"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
EXTRACT-@ (75-18-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 3 6 T - 38°C). Reacts with water, steam, acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen sulfide fumes, which can explode in air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorobenzenediazonium salts, mercurous chloride. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
EXTREMAO (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 42OoF/215"C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), n-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol and other polyhydroxy compounds. EXTREMAO (10026-04-7) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, evolving heat and forming silicic acid and
554
EXTREMA~
hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, ammonia, dimethlysulfoxide, potassium, sodium. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide (causes explosive polymerization), fluorine, silicon tetrahydride. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. Store under inert gas.
EXTREMA@(78- 10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber. E-Z-OFF@(10326-21-3) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, powdered metals, fuels, ammonia, antimony(II1) sulfide, arsenic(II1) sulfide, copper(1) sulfide (explodes on contact), tin(I1) sulfide, tin(1V) sulfide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shocksensitive explosive mixture with red phosphorus, sulfur, combustible materials. Incompatible with aluminum, arsenic, ammonia compounds, barium hydride, calcium hydride, carbon, charcoal, copper, cyanides, manganese oxide, metal sulfides, dibasic organic acids, organic materials, manganese dioxide, magnesium oxide, metal sulfides, selenium, sodium hypophosphite, strong acids, sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates. E-Z-PAQUEO (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus.
F F 11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. F 12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. F 13 (75-72-9) Violent reaction with aluminum. Reacts with magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. F-13B1 (75-63-8) Can react violently with barium, sodium, and potassium; chemically active metals; powdered aluminum. Contact with moisture forms hydrofluoric acid. Attack glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces: Hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride are formed. F 21 (75-43-4) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Reacts with acids or acid fumes, producing highly toxic chlorine and fluorine fumes. Attacks chemically active metals: alkaline earth, aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their alloys. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
F 22 (75-45-6) Mixtures with 50% air are combustible; difficult to ignite. Incompatible with aluminum, barium, beryllium, decaborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene-l,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Moisture and rust can cause slow decomposition, forming toxic gases. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum.
555
556
F 112
F 112 (76-12-0) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. F 114 (76-14-2) Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming toxic substances that may include chlorine or chloride, phosgene, carbonyl fluoride. Reacts with chemically active metals, acids, acid fumes, barium, lithium, sodium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. F 115 (76-15-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
F 1991 (17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic oxides of nitrogen.
FA (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 18SoF/85"C;flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"- 176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 1.5%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron. silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
FALITIRAM@(137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. FALKITOL (67-72-1) Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas that is spontaneously explosive in air. Rapidly elevated temperatures may cause ignition or explosion. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FANNOFORM (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/8S0C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyfonnic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms his-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
FAST ORANGE R SALT
557
FASCIOLIN@(56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures: on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with ally1 alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tertbutoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4Hl,,), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.*Nute: May react violently with bulk form of barium.
FASCO-TERPENE@(8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 3 I 1"F/lSS"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
FAST CORINTH BASE B (92-87-5) Combustible solid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
FAST DARK BLUE BASE R (95-53-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 18S"F/ 85°C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FAST GARNET B BASE or FAST GARNET BASE B (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 31SoF/1S7"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosions. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
FAST ORANGE R SALT (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 309"F/IS4"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with
558
FAST RED BASE
nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FAST RED BASE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 390°F/199"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (298"F/l48"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FAST RED GG BASE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 390°F/199"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (298"F/148"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FAST RED IG BASE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 39O0F/199"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (298"F/148"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FAST RED 2G BASE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 39OoF/199"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (29SoF/148"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FAST RED TR BASE (95-79-4) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. FAST SCARLET BASE B (91-59-8) Combustible solid (flash point 374"F/190°C). Hydrolyzed in water, forming an alkaline solution. Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Oxidizes in the presence of air and light; material darkens to brown or purple.
FENIL GLICIDIL ETER
559
FAST WHITE (7446-14-2) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium.
FBI2 (85-00-7) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, oxygen difluoride. Concentrated solution attacks aluminum and other metals.
FC-11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc.
FC 12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FEENO@ (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. FEGLOX@(85-00-7) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, oxygen difluoride. Concentrated solution attacks aluminum and other metals.
FEKABIT@(3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/4OO0C,this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, germanium, hydriodic acid. FENCHLOROPHOS or FENCHLORPHOS (299-84-3) Temperatures above 3OO0F/ 150°C may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FENCLOR (1336-36-3) See PCBs. FENIL GLICIDIL ETER (Spanish) (122-60-1) Combustible liquid (flash point >176"F/ >SOT). Forms unstable peroxides in air and light unless inhibitor is maintained in adequate concentrations. Contact with amines, strong acids, and strong bases may cause polymerization
560
FENILHIDRAZINA
with spattering and the liberation of heat. React violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber.
FENILHIDRAZINA (Spanish) (100-63-0) A highly reactive reducing agent. Combustible solid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with oxidizers: calcium hypochlorite, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchlorates, methyl iodide, 2-phenylamino-3-phenyloxazirane,3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-0xadiazol-S-yl)-4cyanofurazan-2-(5.) oxide, dicyanofuruan, dicyanofurazan-n-oxide, lead dioxide. Mixture with perchloryl fluoride forms an explosive material. Incompatible with oxides of iron, copper, manganese, and their alloys, methyl iodide, sodium dichlorocyanurate, and many organic compounds. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; cork, sand. Contact with cotton clothing may ignite spontaneously. N-FENIL-a-NAFTILAMINA (90-30-2) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-FENILPROPANO (Italian) (98-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid. oleum, oxygen. Unless inhibited, it can form unstable peroxides. Prolonged exposure to air forms the highly reactive oxidizer, cnrneize hydroperoxide. Attacks rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FENOL (Spanish) (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite. formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc. FENOLO (Italian) (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines. amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite. formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, p-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonowlfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc. FENOTIAZINA (Italian) (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. FENOVERMO (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surkace area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. FENOXYL CARBON N (51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 1.5% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or
FERMENTATION ALCOHOL
561
shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FENTIAZIN@(92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates.
FENTIN CHLORIDE (639-58-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Keep away from moisture.
FEOSOL@(7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. FEOSPAN@(7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. FER-IN-SOL@(7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
FERMENICIDE@ (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or its alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylide-ammonia, nitryl chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 14OoF/6O0C, releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals, in the presence of moisture.
FERMENTATION ALCOHOL (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 55"F/13"C; 68"F/2OoC (80%); 72"F/22"C (60%); 79"F/26"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl
562
FERMENTATIONAMYL ALCOHOL
perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-tert-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphorus(Il1) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, s-triazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FERMENTATION AMYL ALCOHOL (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/43"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FERMENTATION BUTYL ALCOHOL (78-83-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/28"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium(II1) oxide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, alkaline metals, and alkali earth. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with aluminum at elevated temperatures, forming flammable hydrogen gas. FERMINEO (131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. FERNACOL@(137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. FERNASAN@(137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. FERNESTA@ (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"Fll XO'C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. FERNIDE@(137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/X9"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. FERNIMINE (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/I XO'C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. FERNOXONE (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/1 80°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. FERRALYN (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
FERRIC(II1) SULFATE
563
FERRIC CHLORIDE, FERRIC CHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS, or FERRIC CHLORIDE, SOLID (7705-08-0) Very hygroscopic; contact with moisture in air forms ferric chloride hexahydrate. Aqueous solution is highly acidic, precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts, and forming corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with strong bases, allyl chloride, bromine pentafluoride, ethylene oxide, oxygen difluoride. Shock- and frictionsensitive explosive is formed with potassium, sodium, potassium-sodium alloy, and possibly other active metals. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. FERRIC CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE (10025-77-1) Aqueous solution is highly acidic, precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts, and forming corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with strong bases, allyl chloride, bromine pentafluoride, ethylene oxide, oxygen difluoride. Contact with acids, acid fumes causes decomposition with formation of chloride fumes. Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive is formed with potassium, sodium, potassiumsodium alloy, and possibly other active metals. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. FERRIC FLUORIDE (7783-50-8) Forms acid solution in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. FERRICIANURO POTASICO (Spanish) (13746-66-2) Mixtures with water, acids, alcohols cause slow decomposition, producing hydrocyanic acid. Explosive reaction with ammonia. Violent reaction with copper(I1) nitrate, trihydrate. Incompatible with chromium trioxide, sodium nitrite. FERRIC NITRATE or FERRIC NITRATE, NONHYDRATE (10421-48-4) Not flammable but will intensify fire. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarhonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Incompatible with sodium salicylate, 2-naphthol. Aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. FERRIC OXIDE (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. FERRIC(II1) SULFATE (10028-22-5) Light-sensitive. Hygroscopic; hydrolyzed slowly in water; forming acid solution and precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts. Violent
564
FERRO-GRADUMET
reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution (often shipped as 73% solution) is incompatible with sulfuric acid, aluminum, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. Corrosive to copper, its alloys, and both mild and galvanized steel.
FERRO-GRADUMET (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. FERRO LEMON YELLOW (1306-23-6) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, iodine chloride. Contact with water, steam, or acids evolves explosive hydrogen sulfide vapors.
FERRO ORANGE YELLOW (1306-23-6) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, iodine chloride. Contact with water, steam, or acids evolves explosive hydrogen sulfide vapors.
FERROSILICON (8049-17-0) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture in air. Reacts with water, producing toxic fumes and explosive hydrogen and acetylene gases. Strong oxidizers can cause ignition and explosions, especially with finely divided material. Reaction with acid, acid fumes, or oxidizers can cause the emission of toxic fumes. Incompatible with sodium hydroxide. FERROSULFAT (German) (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic arnines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl iso-cyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
FERROSULFATE (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
FERRO-THERON (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
FERROUS AMMONIUM SULFATE (10045-89-3) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, ammonium perchlorate, mercury(I1) dinitrate, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide, tetranitromethane. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. FERROUS CHLORIDE (7758-94-3) Contact with ethylene oxide may initiate polymerization. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers,
FERTILIZER ACID
565
fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)tri7 azene, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Aqueous solution attacks metals.
FERROUS(II1) CHLORIDE (7705-08-0) Very hygroscopic; contact with moisture in air forms ferric chloride hexahydrate. Aqueous solution is highly acidic, precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts, and forming corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with strong bases, allyl chloride, bromine pentafluoride, ethylene oxide, oxygen difluoride. Shock- and frictionsensitive explosive is formed with potassium, sodium, potassium-sodium alloy, and possibly other active metals. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. FERROUS CHLORIDE TETRAHYDRATE (7758-94-3) Contact with ethylene oxide may initiate polymerization. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Aqueous solution attacks metals. FERROUS SULFATE, FERROUS(I1) SULFATE, or FERROUS SULPHATE (772078-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
FERRO YELLOW (1306-23-6) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, iodine chloride. Contact with water, steam, or acids evolves explosive hydrogen sulfide vapors.
FERTILIZER ACID (7664-93-9) A strong oxidizer and strong acid. Reacts with water or steam. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, alkalis, ammonium tetraperoxo chromate, aniline, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, isoprene, mesityl oxide, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, perchlorates, sodium carbonate, zinc chlorate. Reacts, possibly causing ignition or explosion, with many substances, including nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids, bases, reducing agents, acetic anhydride, acetone cyanhydrin, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylates, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, substituted allyls, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, bromine pentafluoride, n-butyraldehyde. caprolactum solution, carbides, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorates, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, cuprous nitride, diisobutylene, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diarnine, ethylene glycol, ethyleneimine, fulminates, gly-cols, hydrochloric acid, iodine heptafluoride, iron, isocyanates, ketones, lithium silicide, mercuric nitride, 2-methyllactonitrile, powdered metals, nitric acid, p-nitrotoluene, pentasilver trihydroxydiamino phosphate, perchloric acid, phenols, phosphorus, picrates, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate, P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, rubidium acetylene, silver permanganate, sodium, sodium chlorate. sodium hydroxide, styrene monomer, zinc
566
FIRE-DAMP
phosphide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with 2-amino-5nitrothiazole, 2-aminothiazole, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metals; may produce flammable hydrogen gas. When diluting, do not add water to acid. With proper precautions, slowly add acid to water.
FIRE-DAMP (74-82-8) Flammable gas (flash point -304"FI- 187°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with halogens, interhalogens. FLAXSEED OIL (8001-26-1) Combustible liquid (flash point when raw 432"F/222"C cc; flash point when boiled 403"F/206"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, lead monoxide, zinc oxide. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FLORIDINE (7681-49-4) Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solution attacks glass, and reacts violently with xenon hexafluoride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. FLUBORIC ACID (16872-11-0) A strong inorganic acid; reacts violently with strong bases. Reacts slowly with water, forming hydroxyfluoborate ions. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. FLUE GAS (630-08-0) Flammable gas; forms extremely explosive mixture with air. A strong reducing agent. Violent and/or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, oxygen, bromine pentatluoride, bromine trifluoride, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, halogens, iron oxide, nitrogen trifluoride, peroxydisulfuryl difluoride, silver oxide. Mixtures with cesium monoxide, copper perchlorate, potassium, oxygen difluoride, or sodium form explosive compounds that are heat-, spark-, impact-, or water-sensitive. FLUOPHOSGENE (353-50-4) Reacts with water or steam, producing hydrogen fluoride gas and carbon dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen tetraoxide. FLUORAL (7681-49-4) Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solution attacks glass, and reacts violently with xenon hexafluoride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. FLUORANE 114 (76-14-2) Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming toxic substances that may include chlorine or chloride, phosgene, carbonyl fluoride. Reacts with chemically active metals, acids, acid fumes, barium, lithium, sodium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUORETHYLENE (75-02-5) Flammable gas. Able to polymerize unless inhibited (0.2% terpenes are recommended). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Heat of combustion forms toxic hydrogen fluoride gas. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
FLUORISTAN
567
FLUORINE (7782-41-4) A powerful oxidizer and dangerously reactive gas. Reacts, often violently, with nearly every known element, and a large number of compounds. Some, but not all, are listed below. Many reactions can be initiated or continue at very low temperatures, often below -240"Fl- 150°C. Violent reaction with water (forming hydrogen fluoride, oxygen, ozone). Mixture of liquid material with ice forms an impact-sensitive high explosive. Reacts often violently, or forms unstable andor explosive materials, with reducing agents (acids, alcohols, ethers, etc.), combustible materials, organic materials, acetaldehyde, acetylene, alkyl benzenes, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, antimony, boron, boron nitride, bromides, bromine, calcium, carbides, carbon, carbonates, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, charcoal, chlorides, chlorine dioxide, covalent halides, cyanides, cyanogen, cyanoguanidine, ceramic materials (finely divided), graphite, halocarbons, halogens and halogenated compounds, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen azide (forms explosive fluorine azide), hydrogen halides (gases or solutions), hydrogen sulfide, iodides, iodine, liquid air, lubricants, natural gases, nickel monoxide, nitric acid (produces explosive gas), nitrogenous bases, nonmetal oxides, manufactured gases, oxygen, phosphides, phosphorus (redyellow), phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus trifluoride, polymeric materials, selenium, silicates, silicon, sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, tellurium; metals: reacts with all m. elements; active metals, alkali metals, and alkaline earths, m.powdered (with incandescence) and nonpowdered (with incandescence at elevated temperatures), m. acetylides, m. borides, in. carbides, m. cyano complexes, m. hydrides (spontaneous flammable), m. iodides, m. oxides, m. perchlorates (forms explosive fluorine perchlorate), rn. phosphides (incandescence), m. salts, m. silicides; antimony trisulfide, arsenic, arsenic trioxide, cesium monoxide, cesium heptafluoropropoxide, cesium perfluoropropoxide, chromous sulfide, iron, lead carbonate, lithium carbonate, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, niobium, potassium, potassium chlorate, potassium hydroxide, sodium, sodium acetate (forms explosive diacetyl peroxide), sodium bromate, sodium carbonate, tantalum, thaltium, tungsten, uranium, zinc, and many other substances. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUORINE MONOXIDE (7783-41-7) Forms explosive mixture with water. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, adsorbents, silica, ammonia, alcohols, arsenic trioxide, boron, chlorine, chromium oxide, diboranes, ethers, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, hydrofluoric acid, iodine, metal halides, metal powders, metal oxides, nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, ozone, red phosphorus, phosphorus(V) oxide, potassium, silica, sulfur tetrafluoride. Incompatible with aluminum chloride, antimony pentachloride, halogens, metals, silicon, tungsten. Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUORINE OXIDE (7783-41-7) Forms explosive mixture with water. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, adsorbents, silica, ammonia, alcohols, arsenic trioxide, boron, chlorine, chromium oxide, diboranes, ethers, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, hydrofluoric acid, iodine, metal halides, metal powders, metal oxides, nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluo-ride, ozone, red phosphorus, phosphorus(V) oxide, potassium, silica, sulfur tetrafluoride. Incompatible with aluminum chloride, antimony pentachloride, halogens, metals, silicon, tungsten, Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUORISTAN (7783-47-3) Contact with air forms stannous oxyfluoride. Violent reaction with boron. Contact with acid or acid fumes can produce toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen fluoride.
568
FLUOKO
FLUORO (Italian) (7782-41-4) A powerful oxidizer and dangerously reactive gas. Reacts. often violently, with nearly every known element, and a large number of compounds. Some, but not all, are listed below. Many reactions can be initiated or continue at very low temperatures, often below -240°F/- 150°C. Violent reaction with water (forming hydrogen fluoride, oxygen, ozone). Mixture of liquid material with ice forms an impact-sensitive high explosive. Reacts often violently, or forms unstable and/or explosive materials, with reducing agents (acids. alcohols, ethers, etc.), combustible materials, organic materials, acetaldehyde, acetylene, alkyl benzenes, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, antimony, boron, boron nitride, bromides, bromine, calcium, carbides, carbon, carbonates, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, charcoal, chlorides, chlorine dioxide, covalent halides, cyanides, cyanogen, cyanoguanidine, ceramic materials (finely divided), graphite, halocarbons, halogens and halogenated compounds, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen azide (forms explosive fluorine azide), hydrogen halides (gases or solutions), hydrogen sulfide, iodides, iodine, liquid air, lubricants, natural gases, nickel monoxide, nitric acid (produces explosive gas), nitrogenous bases, nonmetal oxides; manufactured gasses, oxygen, phosphides, phosphorus (red/yellow), phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus trifluoride, polymeric materials, selenium, silicates, silicon, sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, tellurium; metals: reacts with all m. elements; active metals, alkali metals, and alkaline earths, in. powdered (with incandescence) and nonpowdered (with incandescence at elevated temperatures), tn. acetylides, m. borides, m. carbides, m. cyano complexes, in. hydrides (spontaneous flammable), m. iodides, in. oxides, m. perchlorates (forms explosive fluorine perchlorate), m. phosphides (incandescence), in. salts, nz. silicides; antimony trisulfide, arsenic, arsenic trioxide, cesium monoxide, cesium heptafluoropropoxide, cesium perfluoropropoxide, chromous sulfide, iron, lead carbonate, lithium carbonate, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, niobium, potassium, potassium chlorate, potassium hydroxide, sodium, sodium acetate (forms explosive diacetyl peroxide), sodium bromate, sodium carbonate, tantalum, thallium, tungsten, uranium, zinc, and many other substances. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUOROBENZENE (462-06-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5"FI - 1 5 T ) . Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUOROCARBON 11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. FLUOROCARBON 12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUOROCARBON 115 (76-15-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum. magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1-FLUORO-4-METHYLBENZENE
569
FLUORODICHLOROMETHANE (75-43-4)Contact with water causes slow decompo-
sition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Reacts with acids or acid fumes, producing highly toxic chlorine and fluorine fumes. Attacks chemically active metals: alkaline earth, aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their alloys. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
l-FLUOR0-2,4-DINITROBENZENE (70-34-8)Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point >233"F/>112"C). Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with acetonitrile, ammonia, strong oxidizers, strong bases, peroxides; may cause fire or explosions. Incompatible with hexanitroethane, potassium. May react violently with many other compounds.
1,2,4-FLUORODINITROBENZENE(70-34-8)Combustible liquid or crystalline solid
(flash point >233"F/>112"C). Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with acetonitrile, ammonia, strong oxidizers, strong bases, peroxides; may cause fire or explosions. Incompatible with hexanitroethane, potassium. May react violently with many other compounds.
FLUOROETHENE (75-02-5)Flammable gas. Able to polymerize unless inhibited (0.2% terpenes are recommended). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Heat of combustion forms toxic hydrogen fluoride gas. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
FLUOROFORM (75-46-7)Violent reaction with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Reacts violently with aluminum oxide at elevated temperatures, producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene vapors. Incompatible with beryllium, decaborane, diborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1 ,%dioxide, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. FLUOROFORMYL FLUORIDE (353-50:4) Reacts with water or steam, producing hydrogen fluoride gas and carbon dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen tetraoxide.
1-FLUORO-2-METHYLBENZENE (95-52-3)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 1-FLUORO-3-METHYLBENZENE (352-70-5)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 49"F/9"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 1-FLUORO-4-METHYLBENZENE (352-32-9)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 105"F/49"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
570
2-FLUORO-LMETHYLBENZENE
2-FLUORO-1-METHYLBENZENE (95-52-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 4-FLUORO-1-METHYLBENZENE (352-32-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 105"F/49"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. FLUOROPHOSGENE (353-50-4) Reacts with water or steam, producing hydrogen fluoride gas and carbon dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen tetraoxide. FLUOROPLAST-3 (79-38-9) Flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1SoF/-28"C). Unless inhibited (terpenes; 1% tributylamine are recommended), this material forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine perchlorate, fluorine, ethylene, dichloroethylene, oxygen. Incompatible with chlorine trifluoride, vinylidene chloride. FLUOROSULFONIC ACID (7789-21-1) Reacts violently with moisture (including moisture in air), generating hydrogen fluoride and sulfuric acid. Solution is a strong acid. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture, liberating flammable hydrogen gas. FLUOROSULFURIC ACID (7789-21-1) Reacts violently with moisture (including moisture in air), generating hydrogen fluoride and sulfuric acid. Solution is a strong acid. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture, liberating flammable hydrogen gas. 2-FLUOROTOLUENE or o-FLUOROTOLUENE (95-52-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 3-FLUOROTOLUENEor rn-FLUOROTOLUENE(352-70-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 49"F/9"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 4-FLUOROTOLUENE or p-FLUOROTOLUENE (352-32-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 105"F/49"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. FLUOROTRICHLOROMETHANE (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or
FLUORURES ACIDE
571
magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc.
FLUORSPAR (7789-75-5) Reacts with acids, liberating hydrogen fluoride fumes; production of HF increases with temperature. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. FLUORURE-d'AMMONIUM (French) (12125-01-8) Contact with water forms hydrochloric acid. Contact with acids forms hydrogen fluoride. Contact with caustics, soluble calcium salts, quinine salts produces ammonia gas. Corrosive to glass, cement, and most metals. Aqueous solution is acidic and incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. FLUORURE de BORE (French) (7637-07-2) Reacts with moist air, water, steam, producing hydrogen fluoride, boric acid, and fluoboric acid. Violent reaction with ally1 chloride, alkyl nitrate, benzyl nitrate, calcium oxide, ethyl ether, iodine, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, active metals (except magnesium). Used as a polymerization catalyst; contact with monomers may cause explosions. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture. FLUORURES ACIDE (French) (7782-41-4) A powerful oxidizer and dangerously reactive gas. Reacts, often violently, with nearly every known element, and a large number of compounds. Some, but not all, are listed below. Many reactions can be initiated or continue at very low temperatures, often below -240°F/- 150°C. Violent reaction with water (forming hydrogen fluoride, oxygen, ozone). Mixture of liquid material with ice forms an impact-sensitive high explosive. Reacts, often violently, or forms unstable and/or explosive materials, with reducing agents (acids, alcohols, ethers, etc.), combustible materials, organic materials, acetaldehyde, acetylene, alkyl benzenes, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, antimony, boron, boron nitride, bromides, bromine, calcium, carbides, carbon, carbonates, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, charcoal, chlorides, chlorine dioxide, covalent halides, cyanides, cyanogen, cyanoguanidine, ceramic materials (finely divided), graphite, halocarbons, halogens and halogenated compounds, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen azide (forms explosive fluorine azide), hydrogen halides (gases or solutions), hydrogen sulfide, iodides, iodine, liquid air, lubricants, natural gases, nickel monoxide, nitric acid (produces explosive gas), nitrogenous bases, nonmetal oxides, manufactured gases, oxygen, phosphides, phosphorus (redyellow), phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus trifluoride, polymeric materials, selenium, silicates, silicon, sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, tellurium; metals: reacts with all m. elements; active metals, alkali metals, and alkaline earths, m. powdered (with incandescence) and nonpowdered (with incandescence at elevated temperatures), in. acetylides, m. borides, m. carbides, m. cyan0 complexes, m. hydrides (spontaneous flammable), m. iodides, m. oxides, m. perchlorates (forms explosive fluorine perchlorate), m. phosphides (incandescence), m. salts, m. silicides; antimony trisulfide, arsenic, arsenic trioxide, cesium monoxide, cesium heptafluoropropoxide, cesium perfluoropropoxide, chromous sulfide, iron, lead carbonate, lithium carbonate, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, niobium, potassium, potassium chlorate, potassium hydroxide, sodium, sodium acetate (forms explosive diacetyl peroxide), sodium bromate, sodium carbonate, tantalum, thallium, tungsten, uranium, zinc, and many other substances. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings.
572
FLUORURE de SULFURYLE
FLUORURE de SULFURYLE (French) (2699-79-8) A compressed gas. Reacts with moisture. High temperatures may cause cylinders to burst. See 29 CFR 1910.101 for specific storage regulations.
FLUORURI ACID1 (Italian) (7782-41-4) A powerful oxidizer and dangerously reactive gas. Reacts, often violently, with nearly every known element, and a large number of compounds. Some, but not all, are listed below. Many reactions can be initiated or continue at very low temperatures, often below -240"F/- 150°C. Violent reaction with water (forming hydrogen fluoride, oxygen, ozone). Mixture of liquid material with ice forms an impact-sensitive high explosive. Reacts, often violently, or forms unstable and/or explosive materials, with reducing agents (acids, alcohols, ethers, etc.), combustible materials, organic materials, acetaldehyde, acetylene, alkyl benzenes, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, antimony, boron, boron nitride, bromides, bromine, calcium, carbides, carbon, carbonates, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, charcoal, chlorides, chlorine dioxide, covalent halides, cyanides, cyanogen, cyanoguanidine, ceramic materials (finely divided), graphite, halocarbons, halogens and halogenated compounds, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen azide (forms explosive fluorine azide), hydrogen halides (gases or solutions), hydrogen sulfide, iodides, iodine, liquid air, lubricants, natural gases, nickel monoxide, nitric acid (produces explosive gas), nitrogenous bases, nonmetal oxides, manufactured gases, oxygen, phosphides, phosphorus (redyellow), phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus trifluoride, polymeric materials, selenium, silicates, silicon, sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, tellurium; metals: reacts with all m. elements; active metals, alkali metals, and alkaline earths, m. powdered (with incandescence) and nonpowdered (with incandescence at elevated temperatures), m. acetylides, m. borides, m. carbides, m. cyano complexes, m. hydrides (spontaneous flammable), m. iodides, m. oxides, m. perchlorates (forms explosive fluorine perchlorate), m. phosphides (incandescence), m. salts, m. silicides; antimony trisulfide, arsenic, arsenic trioxide, cesium monoxide, cesium heptafluoropropoxide, cesium perfluoropropoxide, chromous sulfide, iron, lead carbonate, lithium carbonate, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, niobium, potassium, potassium chlorate, potassium hydroxide, sodium, sodium acetate (forms explosive diacetyl peroxide), sodium bromate, sodiutn carbonate, tantalum, thallium, tungsten, uranium, zinc, and many other substances. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. FLUORURO AMONICO (Spanish) (12125-01-8) Contact with water forms hydrochloric acid. Contact with acids forms hydrogen fluoride. Contact with caustics, soluble calcium salts, quinine salts produces ammonia gas. Corrosive to glass, cement, and most metals. Aqueous solution is acidic and incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. FLUORURO de ZINC (Spanish) (7783-49-5) Reacts with water, forming an acid solution. Violent reaction with boron, bromine pentafluoride, calcium disilicide, calcium hydride, oxygen difluoride, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture.
FLUORYL (75-46-7) Violent reaction with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Reacts violently with aluminum oxide at elevated temperatures, producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene vapors. Incompatible with beryllium, decaborane, diborane, difluoromethylene
FM-NTP 573 dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys.
FLUOSILICATE de AMMONIUM (French) (1309-32-6) Aqueous solution is acidic. Contact with acid or acid fumes forms toxic fluorine. Keep away from strong oxidizers.
FLUOSILICATO AMONICO (Spanish) (1309-32-6) Aqueous solution is acidic. Contact with acid or acid fumes forms toxic fluorine. Keep away from strong oxidizers.
FLUOSPAR (7789-75-5) Reacts with acids, liberating hydrogen fluoride fumes; production of HF increases with temperature. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate.
FLUOSULFONIC ACID (7789-21-1) Reacts violently with moisture (including moisture in air), generating hydrogen fluoride and sulfuric acid. Solution is a strong acid. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture, liberating flammable hydrogen gas.
FLUROPLAST@4 (116-14-3) Highly reactive, thermally unstable, flammable gas (flash point 325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FORMALDEHYDE (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature.
FORMALINA
575
A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
rn-FORMALDEHYDE (110-88-3) Flammable solid (flash point 113"F/35"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction- sensitive. Forms explosive materials with lead and other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FORMALDEHYDE DIMETHYLACETAL (109-87-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -26"F/-32"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FORMALDEHYDE POLYMER (30525-89-4) Combustible solid (flash point 158"F/7OoC). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution produces formaldehyde. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with acids, alkalis, sunlight, and UVlight. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A polymer formed from formaldehyde having variable compositions [(CH20), (n = 8- loo)].
FORMALIN 40 (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bischloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. FORMALINA (Italian, Spanish) (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122°-1760F/500-800C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate,; nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bischloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
576
FORMALINE
FORMALINE (German) (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas: 185"F/8S°C; solution: (methanol content lowers flash point) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate; acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bischloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
FORMALIN LOESUNGEN (German) (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas: 18S°F/8SoC; solution: (methanol content lowers flash point) 122"-176"F/ 50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate; acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
FORMALITH (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 1 8S°F/8SoC; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-S5% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bischloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
FORMAMIDA (Spanish) (75-12-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 10"F/154"C oc). Reacts slowly with water, forming hydrocyanic acid and ammonium formate. Incompatible with strong acids, alkali metal acetates, ammonia, cellulose acetate, cresols, isocyanates, metal chlorides, oleum, phenols, polyvinyl alcohol. FORMAMIDE (75-12-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 10°F/154"C oc). Reacts slowly with water, forming hydrocyanic acid and ammonium formate. Incompatible with strong acids, alkali metal acetates, ammonia, cellulose acetate, cresols, isocyanates, metal chlorides, oleum, phenols, polyvinyl alcohol.
FORMIATE de METHYLE (French) (107-31-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2S°F/-32"C).
Reacts with water, causing slow decomposition. Reacts violently with
FORMIC ACID, CHLORO-, ALLYL ESTER
577
strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FORMIATO de BENCILO (Spanish) (104-57-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 107"F/42"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. FORMIATO de BUTILO (Spanish) (592-84-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/1S°C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with strong acids, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIATO de ETILO (Spanish) (109-94-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -29"F/-34"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Incompatible with nitrates, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIATO ISOAMILICO (Spanish) (110-45-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73F/23"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIATO de METILO (Spanish) (107-31-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 2 S T - 32°C). Reacts with water, causing slow decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIATO SODICO (Spanish) (141-53-7) Reacts with strong acids, forming formic acid. FORMIC ACID or FORMIC ACID, 90% IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION (64-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air [(90% solution) 122"F/SO°C]. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, furfuryl alcohol, hypochlorites, isocyanides, nitromethane, chromic acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentaoxide, strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, palladium, thallium trinitrate trihydrate. Attacks aluminum, cast iron, and steel, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Slowly decomposes in storage, forming carbon monoxide gas. FORMIC ACID, AMIDE (75-12-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 10°F/154"C oc). Reacts slowly with water, forming hydrocyanic acid and ammonium formate. Incompatible with strong acids, alkali metal acetates, ammonia, cellulose acetate, cresols, isocyanates, metal chlorides, oleum, phenols, polyvinyl alcohol. FORMIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER (592-84-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64"F/1X°C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with strong acids, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIC ACID, CHLORO-, ALLYL ESTER (2937-50-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point XX0F/31"C). Decomposes in water, forming chloroformic acid and ally1
578
FORMIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER
alcohol. Incompatible with acids, caustics, amines. Oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures may cause explosive polymerization. Corrodes metals.
FORMIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (109-94-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -29"F/-34"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Incompatible with nitrates, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIC ACID, ISOPENTLL ESTER (110-45-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73F/23"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIC ACID, isoPROPYL ESTER (625-55-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 22"F/-6"C). Reacts with water, forming isopropyl alcohol and formic acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, amines, alkanolamines, iron salts, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitrates, suIfuric acid. FORMIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (107-31-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -25"F/-32"C). Reacts with water, causing slow decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIC ALDEHYDE (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bischloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. FORMIC ETHER (109-94-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -29"F/ -34°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Incompatible with nitrates, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMIMIDIC ACID (75-12-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 310°F/154"C oc). Reacts slowly with water, forming hydrocyanic acid and ammonium formate. Incompatible with strong acids, alkali metal acetates, ammonia, cellulose acetate, cresols, isocyanates, metal chlorides, oleum, phenols, polyvinyl alcohol. FORMOL (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited
FORMYLFORMIC ACID
579
(usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium perman ganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bischloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
FORMONITRILE (74-90-8) Can be self-reactive, forming an explosive mixture with air (flash point O'FI-18°C). Unless inhibited, material stored more than 90 days may be hazardous. Heat above 356"F/18O0C or contact with alkalis or amines can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde. Solutions containing more than 2-5% water are less stable than dry material. Acid solutions react with ammonia, ferric oxide, halogens, ozone. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Water solutions attack carbon steels at room temperatures and stainless steels (especially if stabilized with sulfuric acid) above 176"F/8OoC. FORMOSA CAMPHOR (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMOSA CAMPHOR OIL (8008-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (117"F/ 47°C ). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMOSE OIL of CAMPHOR (8008-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air ( 1 17"F/47"C ). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FORMULA 40@(94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/180°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. N-FORMYLDIMETHYLAMINE (68-12-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 136"F/58"C). Violent reaction with nitrates, carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorocyclohexane, and other halogenated compounds, particularly in contact with iron or strong oxidizers, may cause fire and explosions. Vigorous reaction with alkylaluminums. Incompatible with strong acids, ally1 trifluoromethanesulfonates, ammonia, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cresols, chromic anhydride, isocyanates, nitrates, phenols, magnesium nitrate, methylene diisocyante, phosphorous trioxide, uiethyl aluminum. Attacks some plastics and coatings. FORMYLFORMIC ACID (298-12-4) An oxoacid; the pure material may be explosive. Reacts with water, generating heat. Reacts with alkali metals; releases flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane.
580
FORMYLIC ACID
FORMYLIC ACID (64-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air [(90% solution 122"FI 50°C]. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, furfuryl alcohol, hypochlorites, isocyanides, nitromethane, chromic acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentaoxide, strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, palladium, thallium trinitrate trihydrate. Attacks aluminum, cast iron, and steel, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Slowly decomposes in storage, forming carbon monoxide gas.
2-FORMYLPHENOL or a-FORMYLPHENOL (90-02-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 172"F/78"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines. FORMYL TRIBROMIDE (75-25-2) Violent reaction with chemically active metals, acetone, calcium, strong caustics, potassium, potassium hydroxide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with crown polyethers, sodium-potassium alloys. Forms friction- and shock-sensitive compounds with lithium. Aqueous solution is a mediumstrong acid. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to most metals in the presence of moisture.
FORMYL TRICHLORIDE (67-66-3) Decomposes in the presence of excess water, high temperatures, including hot surfaces, evolving phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Contact with warm water forms hydrochloric acid. Decomposes at ordinary temperature in sunlight in the absence of air, and in the dark in the presence of air. Mixtures with strong bases, alkali metals, lithium, sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium alloy can form explosive materials that may be heat-, friction-, and/or impact-sensitive. Violent reaction with light metals, aluminum, magnesium or titanium powder, disilane, potassium-tert-butoxide, methylates, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, sodium amide, uranium(II1) hydride. Incompatible with acetone, beryllium, decaborane, nitrogen tetroxide, strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen, potassium, sodium, sodium methylate, strong mineral acids, chemically active metals, zinc. Attacks many plastics and rubber. Attacks iron and other metals in the presence of moisture and elevated temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FOROTOX@ (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos. which is corrosive to iron and steel.
FORRON@(93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 316"F/158"C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. FORSTUO 46 (93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 316"F/158"C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
FORTEX@(93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 316"F/158"C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
FOSFERMO~
581
FORTHION@'(121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FOSCHLOR@'(52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel.
FOSDRIN@(7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. FOSFAMINA (Spanish) (7803-51-2) Unusually reactive, extremely flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously or explode in air (although pure, uncontaminated material may not explode in air until it reaches 212"F/1OO0C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, pure oxygen. Evolves flammable hydrogen; reacts violently or forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive products with many substances, including acids, alkalis, amines, boron trichloride, bromine, dichlorine oxide, halogenated compounds, lead hyponitrite, mercury nitrate, nitrogen chloride. Elevated temperatures above 7OO0F/371°C may cause storage cylinders to explode.
FOSFATO AMONICO DIBASICO (Spanish) (7783-28-0) Contact with air slowly forms anhydrous ammonia. Contact with caustics forms anhydrous ammonia gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium chlorate, strong bases. Reacts with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate.
FOSFATO AMONICO SECUNDARIO (Spanish) (7783-28-0) Contact with air slowly forms anhydrous ammonia. Contact with caustics forms anhydrous ammonia gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium chlorate, strong bases. Reacts with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. FOSFATO de TRIFENILO (Spanish) (115-86-6) Combustible solid but does not burn without a source of ignition (flash point 428"F/22OoC). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates, antimony pentachloride, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FASFATO TRISODICO (Spanish) (7601-54-9) Reacts with moisture in air, forming sodium carbonate. Aqueous solution is a strong caustic. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and related alloys in the presence of moisture.
FOSFATO de TRIXILENILO (Spanish) (25155-23-1) Combustible liquid. May react violently with strong oxidizers, antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrates.
FOSFERMO@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
582
FOSFEX~
FOSFEX@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. FOSFIVE@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. FOSFONO@50 (563-12-2) Slowly oxidized in air. Incompatible with alkaline formulations, perchloric acid. Mixtures with magnesium may be explosive. Attacks natural rubber. FOSFORO BIANCO (Italian) (7723-14-0) More highly reactive than red phosphorus. Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air, at or above 86"F130°C. A strong reducing agent and fire risk; store under water or inert gas, away from heat. Contact with all oxidizers, elemental sulfur, halogens, halides can cause fire and explosions. Contact with strong caustics produces poisonous and flammable phosphine gas. Contact with metals forms highly reactive phosphides. Melts at 11I0F/43"C to a yellow or white liquid. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. See also Red Phosphorus. FOSFORO (PENTACHLORURO di) (Italian) (10026-13-8) Contact with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine. Moisture will cause development of pressure in a closed container. Violent reaction with bases, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, dioxide, fluorine, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus trioxide, sodium, urea. Incompatible with aluminum, ethylene oxide, lithium, magnesium oxide, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide,phosphorus trioxide, silicon tetrahydride. Forms explosive materials with carbamates, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide (pyrophoric), nitrobenzene, urethane. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket. FOSFORO (TRICLORUROdi) (Italian) (7719-12-2) Contact with many substances and materials can lead to fire and explosions. Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas; may ignite spontaneously. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, strong bases, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, chromyl chloride, chlorine, diethylzinc, dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, fluorine, hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium, hydroxylamine, iodine monochloride, magnesium oxide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, organic acids, organic matter, potassium, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, selenium(1V) dioxide, sodium, sodium peroxide, sulfur acids, tetravinyllead. Forms unstable compounds with carboxylic acids. Incompatible with acetyl chloride, ally1 alcohol, chromium pentafluoride, lead dioxide. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
FOSGENO
583
FOSFOTHION@(121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FOSFURI di ALLUMINIO (Italian) (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate. FOSFURO ALUMINICO (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate. FOSFURO CALCICO (Spanish) (1305-99-3) A strong reducing agent. Forms phosphine gas in moist air; may spontaneously combust. Violent reaction with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, dichlorine oxide, oxygen, sulfur. Violent reaction with water, steam, acids, alcohols, releasing phosphine gas and phosphine dimer, with risk of fire andor explosions. Elevated temperatures forms thick smoke and phosphoric acid. Attacks some metals and coatings. FOSFURO de GAL10 (Spanish) (12063-98-8) Violent reaction with water, steam, moisture in air, alcohols, acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen sulfide and phosphine that is pyrophoric and will ignite spontaneously in air. Reaction with strong alkalis may also release phosphine gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, dichlorine oxide, nitric acid. Forms explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate. FOSFURO de ZINC (Spanish) (1314-84-7) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with water, steam, moisture in air, acids, andor heat, producing fumes of phosphorus, zinc oxides, flammable phosphine. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorine, fluorine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with carbon dioxide, halogenated compounds. Reacts with most common extinguishing agents. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium chlorate. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. FOSGENE (Italian) (75-44-5) Poisonous gas. Decomposes slowly with water, producing hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, anhydrous ammonia, isopropanol, chemically active metals, silicon tetrahydride, sodium. Forms shocksensitive material with potassium. Incompatible with tert-butylazidoformate, sodium azide. Attacks most metals in moist conditions; however, it may not affect monel, tantalum, or glasslined equipment. Note: Sodium hydroxide or anhydrous ammonia has been used to neutralize this gas. FOSGENO (Spanish) (75-44-5) Poisonous gas. Decomposes slowly with water, producing hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, anhydrous ammonia, isopropanol, chemically active metals, silicon tetrahydride, sodium. Forms shock-sensitive material with potassium. Incompatible with tert-butylazidoformate, sodium azide. Attacks most metals in moist conditions; however, it may not affect monel,
584
FOSOVAO
tantalum, or glass-lined equipment. Note: Sodium hydroxide or anhydrous ammonia has been used to neutralize this gas.
FOSOVA@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
FOSTERN@ (56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
FOSTEX@ (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/8OoC). Power, dust. or mpor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decompoqition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire andor explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthen-ates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rnbber, and coatings. FOSTOX@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC).Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rnbber, or coatings.
FOSVEX@ (107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 30O"F/15O0C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
FOTOX@(1303-28-2) Incompatible with acids, aluminum, halogens, rubidium carbide, strong alkalis, zinc. Gradually deliquesces (absorbs moisture from atmospheric air, becoming liquid) on exposure to air, forming arsenic acid. Contact with moisture, water, steam forms arsenic acid; Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
FOURAMINE@OP (95-55-6) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
FOURAMINE@ PCH (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 260°F/127°C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FREON@
585
FOURAMINE@RS (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261°F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. FOURRINE@ 1 or FOURRINE@D (106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312"F/ 156°C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
FOURRINE@ 79 or FOURRINE@ EW (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 26IoF/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. FOURRINE@PG (87-66-1) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixtures with air. Violent reaction with peroxyfuroic acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, antipyrine, epichlorohydrin, iodine, isocyanates, menthol, phenol, potassium permanganate, metallic salts of lead and iron.
FREON@ 10 (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disili cide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium," beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with ally1 alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tert-butoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4H,"), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture andor heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium.
FREON@ 11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decompocition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc.
FREON@ 12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
586
FREON@12-B2
FREON@ 12-B2 (75-61-6) Reacts with chemically active metals and oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FREON@13 (7572-9) Violent reaction with aluminum. Reacts with magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride.
FREON@13B1 (75-63-8) Can react violently with barium, sodium, and potassium; chemically active metals; powdered aluminum. Contact with moisture forms hydrofluoric acid. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces: Hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride are formed. FREON@20 (67-66-3) Decomposes in the presence of excess water, high temperatures, including hot surfaces, evolving phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Contact with warm water forms hydrochloric acid. Decomposes at ordinary temperature in sunlight in the absence of air, and in the dark in the presence of air. Mixtures with strong bases, alkali metals, lithium, sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium alloy can form explosive materials that may be heat-, friction-, andor impact-sensitive. Violent reaction with light metals, aluminum, magnesium or titanium powder, disilane, potassium-terf-butoxide, methylates, potassium acetylene- 1,2dioxide, sodium amide, uranium(II1) hydride. Incompatible with acetone, beryllium, decaborane, nitrogen tetroxide, strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen, potassium, sodium, sodium methylate, strong mineral acids, chemically active metals, zinc. Attacks many plastics and rubber. Attacks iron and other metals in the presence of moisture and elevated temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
FREON@21 (75-43-4) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Reacts with acids or acid fumes, producing highly toxic chlorine and fluorine fumes. Attacks chemically active metals: alkaline earth, aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their alloys. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire; forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
FREON@ 22 (75-45-6) Mixtures with 50% air are combustible; difficult to ignite. Incompatible with aluminum, barium, beryllium, decaborane, difluoromethylene dihypo fluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- I ,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Moisture and rust can cause slow decomposition, forming toxic gases. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum. FREON@23 (75-46-7) Violent reaction with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Reacts violently with aluminum oxide at elevated temperatures, producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene vapors. Incompatible with beryllium, decaborane, diborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys.
FREON@F- 12
587
FREON@30 (75-09-2) Combustible under certain circumstances; there is no measurable flash point; it is difficult to ignite. However, it is flammable in ambient air in the range of 12-23%; increased oxygen content can greatly enhance fire and explosion potential. Contact with hot surfaces and elevated temperatures can form fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Violent reaction with active metals, aluminum, lithium, methyl alcohol, peroxydisulfury1 difluoride, potassium, potassium-tert-butoxide,sodium. Forms explosive mixtures with nitric acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong caustics, alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FREON@112 (76-12-0) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FREON@113 (76-13-1) Reacts violently with chemically active metals, barium, calcium, lithium, potassium, sodium, and powdered aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, potassiumsodium alloy, titanium, zinc. Contact with alloys containing more than 2% magnesium or with hot surfaces can cause decomposition with the release of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. Noncombustible liquid at ordinary temperatures, but the gas will ignite and bum weakly at autoignition temperature ( 1256"F/68OoC). Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. FREON@114 (76-14-2) Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming toxic substances that may include chlorine or chloride, phosgene, carbonyl fluoride. Reacts with chemically active metals, acids, acid fumes, barium, lithium, sodium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FREON@115 (76-15-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FREON@152 (75-37-6) Flammable gas (flammability limits 3.7-18% by volume in air). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, barium, sodium, and potassium. Incompatible with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FREON@1301 (75-63-8) Can react violently with barium, sodium, and potassium; chemically active metals; powdered aluminum. Contact with moisture forms hydrofluoric acid. Attack glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces: Hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride are formed. FREON@F-12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum,
588
FREON~MF
magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FREON@MF (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. FREON@TF (76-13-1) Reacts violently with chemically active metals, barium, calcium, lithium, potassium, sodium, and powdered aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, potassiumsodium alloy, titanium, zinc. Contact with alloys containing more than 2% magnesium or with hot surfaces can cause decomposition with the release of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. Noncombustible liquid at ordinary temperatures, but the gas will ignite and burn weakly at autoignition temperature ( 12S6"F/68O0C). Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber. and coatings.
FRIDEX@(107-21-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 23 1 "FA 1l°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers and oxidizing acids, sulfuric acid. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, potassium bichromate, phosphorus pentasulfide, sodium chlorite.
FRIGEN@11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc.
FRIGEN@12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FRIGEN@ 113A (76-13-1) Reacts violently with chemically active metals, barium, calcium, lithium, potassium, sodium, and powdered aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, potassium-sodium alloy, titanium, zinc. Contact with alloys containing more than 2% magnesium or with hot surfaces can cause decomposition with the release of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. Noncombustible liquid at ordinary temperatures, but the gas will ignite and burn weakly at autoignition temperature ( 12S6"F/68O0C). Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings.
FRUITONE@A (93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 3 16"F/l 58°C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
FUMAZONE~
589
FRUMIN@AL or FRUMIN@G (298-04-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"C). Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers. FTALATO de DIALILO (Spanish) (131-17-9) Combustible liquid (33OoF/165"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Heat and contact with peroxides can cause polymerization, creating a solid mass. FTALATO de DIBUTILO (Spanish) (84-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 14"F/ 157°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. FTALATO de DIETILO (Spanish) (84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/ 117°C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic. FTALATO de DIMETILO (Spanish) (131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/ 146°C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. FTALATO de DIOCTILO (Spanish) (117-81-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/ 199°C). Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers. FUEL OIL NO. 1 (68553-00-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 100-150"F/38-66"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FUEL OIL NO. 2 (68476-30-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126-204"F/ 52-96°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FUEL OIL NO. 4 (68476-33-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 142"-240°F/610-1 16°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FUEL OIL NO. 6 (68553-00-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 150"-270"F/66"-132"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FUMAGON@(96-12-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong bases. Decomposes in elevated temperatures, forming hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide. Attacks some rubber materials and coatings. Reacts with chemically active metals (i.e., aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, and their alloys). Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture. FUMARIC ACID (110-17-8) Combustible solid (flash point 446"F/23OoC). Dust or finely divided material forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. FUMAZONE@(96-12-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong bases. Decomposes in elevated temperatures, forming hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide. Attacks some rubber materials and coatings. Reacts with
590
FUMIGRAIN~
chemically active metals (i.e., aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, and their alloys). Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture.
FUMIGRAIN@(107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/0°C oc). May polmerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers, amines, 2-aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, its alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. FUMING LIQUID ARSENIC (7784-34-1) Sunlight forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic trioxide. Contact with moist air, water, or steam forms hydrogen chloride and arsenic acid with heat. Reacts violently with bases, anhydrous ammonia, strong acids, strong oxidizers, and halogens. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms highly toxic chloride fumes. Mixtures with powdered aluminum, potassium, or sodium may explode on impact or shock. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. FUMING SULFURIC ACID (8014-95-7) A powerful oxidizer and strong acid. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts with air, producing corrosive fumes. Violently reaction with reducing agents, bases, combustible materials, organic materials, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, ally1 chloride, 2-amino ethanol, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cresol, n-butyraldehyde, carbides, cast iron, chlorates, cresol, epichlorohydrin, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene imine, fulminates, glycols, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid, hydracrylonitrile, hydrogen fluoride, (hydroxyimino)cyclohexane, isoprene, mesityl oxide, metallic powders, methyl ethyl ketone, nitric acid, 2-nitropropane, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, P-propiolacetone, propylene oxide, pyridine, sodium hydroxide, sulfolane, styrene monomer, 2,4,4-trimethyl pentene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride. Reacts vigorously with metals (powders will ignite), releasing flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings on brief contact. FUMO-GAS@ (106-93-4) Slowly decomposes in heat, sunlight, or on contact with hot surfaces, producing hydrogen bromide. Reacts with strong bases, chemically active metals, liquid ammonia, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with azides, beryllium, fluorine, halogenated solvents, liquid oxygen, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene-l,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. FUNGCHEX@ (7487-94-7) Contact with acids or acid fumes evolves chloride and mercury vapors. Possible violent reaction with chlorine nitrate, sodium acetylide.
2-FURANCARBINOL
591
Incompatible with anhydrous ammonia, chloric acid, hydrozoic acid, light metals, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, sodium, potassium, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
FUNGICIDE@1991 (17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic oxides of nitrogen. FUNGIFEN@ (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. FUNGUS BAN TYPE I1 (133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate, parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime) as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. @
FURAL (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140°F/600C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. 2-FURALDEHYDE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/6O0C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. FURALE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O"F/6O0C).Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. FURALPYROMUCIC ALDEHYDE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/6O0C).Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. FURAN (110-00-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -32"F/-36"C cc). Unless inhibited [0.0254% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol is recommended], exposure to air forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with acids, oxidizers, peroxides. 2-FURANALDEHYDE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/6O0C).Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. 2-FURANCARBINOL (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F/75"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid,
592
2-FURANCARBONAL
isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
2-FURANCARBONAL (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/60"C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. 2-FURANCARBOXALDEHYDE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/6O"C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. 2,s-FURANEDIONE (108-31-6) Combustible solid (flash point 215"F/102"C). Dust cloud forms an explosive mixture with air. Dissolves in water, forming nialeic acid with release of energy. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Contact with amines or the alkali metals lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium (even in low concentrations of 200 ppm) can decompose rapidly and may cause polymerization, especially if temperature is greater than 150°F/66"C. Incompatible with pyridine. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In firefighting, water stream or foam may cause frothing. FURANIDINE (109-99-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6"F/- 14°C: also listed at 1.4"F/- 17°C cc). Unless inhibited, forms 2-tetrahydrofuryl hydroperoxide and then forms unstable and explosive polyalkylidene peroxide. Polymerization can occur i n the presence of acids, bases (e.g., potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), and certain salts. Peroxides can be removed by treatment with a slightly acidic solution of strong ferrous sulfate treated with sodium bisulfate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, oxygen, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, metal halides, peroxyacetic acid, potassium hydride. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia, acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants. Incompatible with horane, calcium hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium aluminum tetrahydride. Attacks some plastics and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can result in ignition of its vapors. 2-FURANMETHANOL (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F/75"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanatea, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. FUR BLACK 41867@(106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312°F /156"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light: crystals become dark.
FURROD@
593
FUR BROWN 41866@(106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312°F 1156°C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
FURFURAL (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140°F/60"C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers, Attacks many plastics and coatings.
FURFURAL ALCOHOL (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F/75"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
FURFURALDEHYDE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140"F/ 60°C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings.
FURFURAN (110-00-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 3 2 T - 3 6 " C cc). Unless inhibited [0.0254% 2,6-di-tert-butyI-4-methylphenol is recommended], exposure to air forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with acids, oxidizers, peroxides.
FURFUROL or FURFUROLE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140"F/6OoC).Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers, Attacks many plastics and coatings.
FURFURYL ALCOHOL (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F/75"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. FUROLE or a-FUROLE (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140"F/ 60°C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings.
FURRO D@(106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312°F /156"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides,
594
FUR YELLOW@
isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
FUR YELLOW@ (106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312°F /156"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. FURYLALCOHOL (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F175"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. 2-FURYLCARBINOL (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F/7S0C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
2-FURYL METHANAL (98-01-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140"FI 60°C). Strong acids or strong bases may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis, sodium bicarbonate. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, oxidizers. Attacks many plastics and coatings. FUSEL OIL (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/43"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. FUTRAMINE D (106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312°F 1156°C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
G GALENA (1314-87-0) Reacts violently with iodine monochloride, hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with bromates, chlorates, hydrazinium nitrate, iodates, mercurous chloride, silver azide, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. GALLIC ACID or GALLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE (149-91-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with fluorine. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic and alkanol amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. GALLIUM ARSENIDE (1303-00-0) Combustible solid. Decomposes in water. Contact with steam, acid, acid fumes, producing deadly and flammable m i n e gas. GALLIUM PHOSPHIDE (12063-98-8) Violent reaction with water, steam, moisture in air, alcohols, acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen sulfide and phosphine that are pyrophoric and will ignite spontaneously in air. Reaction with strong alkalis may also release phosphine gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, dichlorine oxide, nitric acid. Forms explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate. GAS, NATURAL (74-82-8) Flammable gas (flash point - 304"F/- 187°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with halogens, interhalogens. GAS OIL or GAS OIL, CRACKED (64741-44-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point approximately 150°F/65"C).Violent reaction with fluorine. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. GAS OILS (PETROLEUM), STRAIGHT RUN (64741-43-1) Oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. GASOLINE, AUTOMOTIVE (less than 4.23 g leadlgal) (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point (73 octane) -4SoF/-43"C; (100 octane) -36"F/-38"C]. Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. GASOLINE, AVIATION GRADE (100-130 OCTANE) (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -50°F/-46"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 595
596
GASOLINE, AVIATION GRADE
GASOLINE, AVIATION GRADE (115-145 OCTANE) (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 5OoF/-46"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. GASOLINE, CASINGHEAD (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 176"F/ >80°C). Forms unstable peroxides in air and light unless inhibitor is maintained in adequate concentrations. Contact with amines, strong acids, and strong bases may cause polymerization with spattering and the liberation of heat. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. GLYCINOL (141-43-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 18S°F/8SoC).A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (with spattering). Incompatible with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylates, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, mesityl oxide, oleum, organic anhydrides, phenols, P-propiolactone, vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Reacts with iron, forming tris-ethanolaminoiron, a pyrophoric material. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Attacks plastics, coatings, and rubber. GLYCOL (107-21-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 231°F/1 11°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers and oxidizing acids, sulfuric acid. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, potassium bichromate, phosphorus pentasulfide, sodium chlorite. GLYCOL ALCOHOL (107-21-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 231"Flll l°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers and oxidizing acids, sulfuric acid. Forms explosive mixture with
GLYCOL DICHLORIDE
603
sodium perchlorate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, o h m , potassium bichromate, phosphorus pentasulfide, sodium chlorite.
GLYCOL BIS(HYDR0XYETHYL)ETHER (112-27-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 338"F/170°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, isocyanates, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid. GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER (111-76-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 143"F/62"C). May be able to form unstable and explosive peroxides upon standing; elevated temperatures may cause explosion. Reacts with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, strong oxidizers. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks light metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Attacks metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. GLYCOL CARBONATE (96-49-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 289"F/143"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, nitrates, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. GLYCOL CHLOROHYDRIN (107-07-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/60"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong caustics (with formation of ethylene oxide), strong acids, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with moisture steam, evolving toxic and corrosive fumes. GLYCOL CYANOHYDRIN (109-78-4) Anhydrous product forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1OS0C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. HEPTANOL or n-HEPTANOL or 1-HEPTANOL or HEPTANOL-1 (111-70-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 17O0F/77"C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-HEPTANOL or HEPTANOL-2 (543-49-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 160"F/ 71°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth
HEPTYL ALCOHOL
611
and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
3-HEPTANOL or HEPTANOL-3 (589-82-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O"F/6O0C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-HEPTANONE or HEPTAN-ZONE (110-43-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/38"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics and rubber. 3-HEPTANONEor HEPTAN-3-ONE(106-35-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 11.S°F/46"C)Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 4-HEPTANONE or HEPTAN-CONE (123-19-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 118"F/48"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. HEPTENE, 1-HEPTENE, or n-HEPTENE (592-76-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 221"F/> 105OC). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. HEPTOIC ACID or n-HEPTOIC ACID (111-14-8) Combustible liquid (flash point >221°F/> 105°C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
HEPTYL ALCOHOL (111-70-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 17O"F/77"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide,
612
sec-HEPTYL ALCOHOL
chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate,nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
sec-HEPTYL ALCOHOL (543-49-7)
Combustible liquid (flash point 160"F/7 1"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HEPTYL CARBINOL (111-87-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 178"F/8l0C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. HEPTYLENE or I-HEPTYLENE (592-76-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 221"F/> IOSOC). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
HEPTYL PHTHALATE (3648-21-3) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HEXAANDIONE-2,5 (110-13-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLOR-CYCLOHEXANE (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADTENEor HEXACHLORO- 1,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE
613
HEXACHLORAN or y-HEXACHLORAN or HEXACHLORANE or y-HEXACHLORANE (58-89-9)Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a
flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
HEXACHLOROBENZENE (118-74-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 467"F/242"C).
Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium.
y-HEXACHLOROBENZENE (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
HEXACHLOROBENZOL (German) (118-74-1)Combustible liquid (flash point 467"F/ 242°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium.
1,2,3,4,7,7-HEXACHLOROBICYCLO(2,2,l)HEPTEN-5,6-BIOXYMETHYLENE~
SULFITE (115-29-7)Hydrolyzed in alkaline solutions. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, produces highly toxic sulfur and chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels, iron, and other metals.
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE or HEXACHLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE(87-68-3)Combustible liquid (flash point 195"F/90°C). Unless inhibited, may form unstable peroxides in storage. Reacts strongly with oxidizers, aluminum powder; may cause fire and explosions. Mixtures with bromine perchlorate form heat-, friction-. and shock-sensitive explosive compound. Attacks aluminum, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE or ?-ISOMER or y-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE or y-1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE (58-89-9) Noncom-
bustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
~-(~,~-~,~-P,~-(~,~-~K,~-~-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. 1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE, y-ISOMER (58-89-9)Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE or HEXACHLORO-1,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE (77-47-4)Reacts slowly with water, forming explosive hydrogen gas and hydro-
chloric acid solution. Contact with sodium may be explosive. Aqueous solution incompatible
614
1,2,3,4,5,5-HEXACHLORO-l,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE
with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes iron and other metals in the presence of moisture.
1,2,3,4,5,5-HEXACHLORO-1,3-CYCLOPENTADIENE (77-47-4)Reacts slowly with
water, forming explosive hydrogen gas and hydrochloric acid solution. Contact with sodium may be explosive. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes iron and other metals in the presence of moisture.
H E X A C H L O R O E P O X Y O C T A H Y DRO-endo,endo-DIMETHANONAPTHALENE (72-20-8)Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids (forms explosive vapors), strong
oxidizers. Incompatible with parathion. Rearranges to endrin ketone (6-ketoendrin) in the presence of some metal salts, catalysts, strong acids, in sunlight, and at elevated temperatures above 392"F/2OO0C.Slightly corrosive to metals.
HEXACHLOROEPOXYOCTAHYDRO-endo,exo-DIMETHANONAPHTHALENE (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers,
phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts.
HEXACHLORO-6,7-EPOXY-1,4,4A,5,6,7,8,SA-OCTAHYDRO-l,4~5~S~DIMETHANO~ NAPHTHALENE (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts,
strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc. and their salts.
1,2,3,4,10,10-HEXACHLORO-6,7-EPOXY-1,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-l,4ENDO-1,4,5,8-DIMETHANONAPHTHALENE (72-20-8) Reacts, possibly violently,
with strong acids (forms explosive vapors), strong oxidizers. Incompatible with parathion. Rearranges to endrin ketone (8-ketoendrin) in the presence of some metal salts, catalysts, strong acids, in sunlight, and at elevated temperatures above 392"F/2OO0C. Slightly corrosive to metals.
1,2,3,4,10,10-HEXACHLORO-6,7-EPOXY-1,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1,4ENDO-EXO-5,s-DI-METHANONAPHTHALENE (60-57-1)Incompatible with concen-
trated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts.
H E X A C H L O R O E T H A N E (67-72-1) Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Rapidly elevated temperatures may cause ignition or explosion. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1,1,1,2,2,2-HEXACHLOROETHANE (67-72-1)Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Rapidly elevated temperatures may cause ignition or explosion. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HEXAHYDROANILINE
615
6,7,8,9,10-HEXACHLORO-l,5,5a,6,9,9a,-HEXAHYDRO-6,9-METHANO-2,4~3BENZODIOXATHIEPIN-3-OXIDE (115-29-7) Hydrolyzed in alkaline solutions. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, produces highly toxic sulfur and chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels, iron, and other metals. HEXACHLORONAPHTHALENE (1335-87-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, powdered aluminum, potassium, sodium. 3,4,5,6,9,9-HEX4CHLORO-lA,2,2A,3,6,6A,7,7A-OCTAHYDRO-2,7:3,6-D~ET~NO (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts. HEXACHLOROPLATINICACID or HEXACHLOROPLATINIC(1V)ACID (1694112-1) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, bromine trifluoride, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. HEXACLOROBUTADIENO (Spanish) (87-68-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 1Y5"F/9O0C).Unless inhibited, may form unstable peroxides in storage. Reacts strongly with oxidizers, aluminum powder; may cause fire and explosion. Mixtures with bromine perchlorate form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive compound. Attacks aluminum, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. HEXACYANOFERRATE(II1) TRIPOTASSIUM (13746-66-2)Mixtures with water, acids, alcohols cause slow decomposition, producing hydrocyanic acid. Explosive reaction with ammonia. Violent reaction with copper(I1) nitrate, trihydrate. Incompatible with chromium trioxide, sodium nitrite. HEXAFLUORURE de SOUFRE (French) (2551-62-4) Hydrolyzes in hot water, forming hydrofluoric acid. Violent reaction with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, disilane, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium. HEXAFLUORURO de AZUFRE (Spanish) (2551-62-4)Hydrolyzes in hot water, forming hydrofluoric acid. Violent reaction with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, disilane, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium. HEXAHYDRATE (10377-60-3)A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with dimethylformamide, reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, metal powders, potassium hexanitrocobalite(II1) (C.I. pigment yellow), sodium acetylide, and easily oxidizable matter. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), tert-butylhydroperoxide, citric acid, ethanol, ferrocyanides, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, metal phosphinates, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, phosphorus, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid, thiocyanates, tin(I1) fluoride, and many other substances. HEXAHYDROANILINE (108-91-8)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7Y0F/26"C).An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers,
616
HEXAHYDROAZEPINE
hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols. cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with copper alloys, zinc, or galvanized steel.
HEXAHYDROAZEPINE (111-49-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 71"F/21 "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
HEXAHYDROBENZENAMINE (108-91-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 79"F/26"C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with copper alloys, zinc, or galvanized steel.
HEXAHYDROBENZENE (110-82-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetroxide. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HEXAHYDROBENZENE, HEXAMETHYLENE (110-82-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4T-2O"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetroxide. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HEXAHYDROCRESOL (25639-42-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 149"F/65"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides. nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. HEXAHYDROCUMENE (696-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 96"F/36"C; also reported at 143OF162"C). Incompatible with aldehydes, strong oxidizers, acids. Reacts with sulfuric acid to form an explosive. Heat causes explosive decomposition; acidic materials increase thermal sensitivity.
HEXAHYDRO-1,4-DIAZINE (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 190"F/ SS'C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide.Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc.
HEXAHYDROMETHYLPHENOL (25639-42-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 149"F/65"C).Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with boranes, alkalis,
aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HEXAMETHYLENEDIAMINE
617
HEXAHYDROPHENOL (108-93-0)Combustible liquid (flash point 154"F/68"C).
Contact with oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with chromium trioxide, nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
HEXAHYDROPYRAZINE(110-85-0)Combustible solid (flash point 1 90°F/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide. Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc.
HEXAHYDROTOLUENE (108-87-2)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
25"F/-4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetraoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TlUAZINE or HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITROs-TRIAZINE (121-82-4)Usually moistened with up to 15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is high explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids, strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosion. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
HEXAHYDRO-p-XYLENE (589-90-2)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
52"F/ll0C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HEXALDEHYDE or n-HEXALDEHYDE (66-25-1)Forms explosive mixture with air
(flash point 90°F/32"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
HEXALIN (108-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 154OF168"C). Contact with oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with chromium trioxide, nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. HEXAMETHYLENE (110-82-7)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"FI-20°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetroxide. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HEXAMETHYLENEDIAMINE (124-09-4)Combustible solid (flash point 176"F/8OoC). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. The aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin. zinc, and their alloys.
618
2.5-HEXAMETHYLENEDIOL
2,5-HEXAMETHYLENEDIOL (2935-44-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 21 5"FI 102°C oc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
HEXAMETHYLENEIMINE (111-49-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7 1"F/2 1 "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE (100-97-0) Combustible solid (flash point 4X2"F/ 250°C). Incompatible with acids, l-bromopentaborane(9), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, iodine, iodoform, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, sodium peroxide, strong oxidizers. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. HEXAMETHYLSILAZANE (999-97-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (4X°F/9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with water, steam, alcohols. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HEXAMETILENTETRAMINA (Spanish) (100-97-0) Combustible solid (flash point 4X2"F/2SO0C). Incompatible with acids, 1-bromopentaborane(9). organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, iodine, iodoform, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, sodium peroxide, strong oxidizers. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. HEXAMINE (100-97-0; 100-97-0) Combustible solid (flash point 482"F/250°C). Incompatible with acids, Lbromopentaborane(9), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, iodine, iodoform, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, sodium peroxide, strong oxidizers. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HEXAMITE (107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300°F/150°C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. HEXANAL or 1-HEXANAL (66-25-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9G°F/32"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, ammonia, amines. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
HEXANEDIOIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER
619
HEXANAL, 2-ETHYL (123-05-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 112"F/44"C). May form unstable peroxides in storage. Reacts violently with oxidizers. May ignite spontaneously when spilled on clothing, paper, wood, or other absorbent materials. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines. Under certain conditions, it may be spontaneously flammable in air. HEXANAPHTHENE (110-82-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetroxide. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HEXANAPHTHYLENE (110-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 221"F/ > 105°C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. 1-HEXANECARBOXYLICACID (111-14-8) Combustible liquid (flash point >221"F/ > 105OC). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. 1,6-HEXANEDIAMINE (124-09-4) Combustible solid (flash point 176"F/8OoC). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. The aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. HEXANEDINITRILE (111-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 200"F/ 93°C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid. HEXANEDIOIC ACID or 1,6-HEXANEDIOIC ACID (124-04-9) Dust may form explosive mixture with air (flash point 385"F/196"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HEXANEDIOIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER (627-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 225"F/107"C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
620
HEXANEDIOIC ACID, DINITRILE
HEXANEDIOIC ACID, DINITRILE (111-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OO0F/93"C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid.
1,2-HEXANEDIOL (107-41-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 204"F/ 96°C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. 2,5-HEXANEDIOL (2935-44-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 215"F/102"C oc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
HEXANE or n-HEXANE (110-54-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -7"F/-22"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with dinitrogen tetraoxide may explode at 82"F/28"C. Incompatible with strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HEXANOIC ACID or n-HEXANOIC ACID (142-62-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 2 15"F/10 1"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks common metals.
sec-HEXANOL (97-95-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 70"F/ 21 "C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitric acid, perchlorates. permanganates, peroxides, sulfuric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes: chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
HEXANOL, 1-HEXANOL, or n-HEXANOL (111-27-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
HEXANONE-2 or 2-HEXANONE (591-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 57"F/14"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts, possibly violently, with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium-tert-butoxide. Mixtures with hydrogen peroxide may form unstable peroxides. Attacks many plastics, resins, and rubber. HEXENE, 1-HEXENE, or a-HEXENE (592-41-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 14"F/-26"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid.
HEXICIDEO (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this
HEXYL CARBITOL
621
material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
HEXILENGLICOL (Spanish) (107-41-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 204"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocy anates . n-HEXOIC ACID (142-62-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 215"F/101"C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks common metals. HEXONE (108-10-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with air andor when in contact with hydrogen peroxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, reducing agents. Dissolves some plastics, resins, and rubber. HEXYL ACETATE, 1-HEXYLACETATE, or 12-HEXYLACETATE (142-92-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 113"F/45"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Will swell rubber, and can dissolve certain coatings. see-HEXYL ACETATE (108-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 13"F/45"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Will swell rubber, and can dissolve certain coatings. sec-HEXYL ALCOHOL (97-95-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7OoF/2I "C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitric acid, perchlorates. permanganates, peroxides, sulfuric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. HEXYL ALCOHOL, ACETATE (142-92-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 113"F/45"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Will swell rubber, and can dissolve certain coatings. HEXYL ALCOHOL or n-HEXYLALCOHOL (111-27-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. HEXYL CARBITOL (112-59-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 285"F/141°C cc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide,
622
HEXYLENE
sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates.
HEXYLENE (592-41-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 14"F/-26"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. HEXYLENE GLYCOL (107-41-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 204"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. 2,s-HEXYLENE GLYCOL (2935-44-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 215"F/102"C oc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. HEXYL ETHANOATE (142-92-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 113"F/45"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Will swell rubber, and can dissolve certain coatings. HEXYL HYDRIDE (110-54-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -7"F/ - 22°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with dinitrogen tetraoxide may explode at 82"F/28"C. Incompatible with strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HF or HF-A (7664-39-3) Anhydrous gas reacts with water, evolving much heat. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, alkalis, 2-amino ethanol, arsenic trioxide, bismuthic acid, calcium oxide, chlorosulfonic acid, cyanogen fluoride, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, fluorine, nitrogen txifluoride, N-phenylazopiperidine, oleum, oxygen difluoride, n-phenylazopiperidine, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium permanganate, potassium tetrafluorosilicate(2-), P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, sodium, sodium tetrafluorosilicate, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate. Reacts, possibly violently, with aliphatic amines, alcohols, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal silicides, methanesulfonic acid, organic anhydrides, oxides, silicon compounds, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks glass and siliceous materials, concrete, ceramics, metals (flammable hydrogen gas may be produced), metal alloys, some plastics, rubber, coatings, and most other materials except lead, platinum, polyethylene, wax. HIDRATO de CLORAL (Spanish) (302-17-0) Reacts with strong bases, producing chloroform and formate. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. HIDRIXIETILETILENIMIA (Spanish) (111-41-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/ 135°C).Aqueous solution is an organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride.
HIDROXIDO POTASICO
623
HIDROGENO(Spanish) (1333-74-0) Extremely flammable gas; burns with a practically invisible, high-temperature flame. Ignites easily with oxygen. Violent reaction, reacts explosively, or forms heat- andor shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with oxidizers, halogens, acetylene, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine oxides, dinitrogen oxides, fluorine perchloride, heptasilver nitrate octaoxide, iodine heptafluoride, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn-1-01, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen difluoride, and other gases. Incompatible with copper(I1) oxide, difluorodiazene, iodine heptafluoride, lead trifluoride, liquid nitrogen, lithium perchlorate trihydrate, metals, nitrogen trifluoride, nitryl fluoride, palladium(I1) oxide, palladium trifluoride, polycarbon monofluoride, potassium, tetrafluorohydrazine, xenon hexafluoride; may cause ignition on contact or explosion when heated. Mild steel and most iron alloys become brittle at liquid hydrogen temperatures. HIDROPEROXIDO de CUMENO (Spanish) (80-15-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, combustible materials, metallic salts of cobalt, organic materials, copper, lead. Explosive decomposition may occur above 12O"F/5O0C.Corrodes or reacts with materials containing metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HIDROQUINONA (Spanish) (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. HIDROXIDO BARICO or HIDROXIDO BARICO ANHYDRO (Spanish) (17194-002) A strong base. Reacts with phosphorus, releasing phosphine gas. Violent exothermic reaction with maleic anhydride. Reacts violently with acids, chlorinated rubber (when heated), 1-nitropropane, zirconium powder or dust. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks chemically active metals (e.g. aluminum, magnesium, zinc). HIDROXIDO CALCICO (Spanish) (1305-62-0) Contact with maleic anhydride may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with phosphorus, nitroethane, nitromethane, nitroparaffins, or nitropropane may form explosive compounds or cause explosion. Attacks some metals and coatings. HIDROXIDO de LIT10 (Spanish) (1310-65-2) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, calcium, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitroethane, nitromethane, 1 -nitropropane, phenols, zirconium. Attacks chemically active metals, aluminum, copper, zinc, etc., in the presence of moisture. HIDROXIDO MAGNESICO (Spanish) (1309-42-8) Aqueous solution is a base. Reacts with acids, evolving heat. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols, phosphorus. HIDROXIDO POTASICO (Spanish) (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base.
624
HIDROXIDO SODICO
Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p-bis( 1,3-dibromoethyI)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloroform, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol, tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, N-nitrosohydroxylamine, I, 1,1,2-tetrachIoro-ethane. Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas.
HIDROXIDO SODICO (Spanish) (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2,2-dichloro3,3-dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,S-tetrachlorobenzene(highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-lpropanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, ally1chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene- 1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2-nitropheno1, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, and/or shocksensitive, explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy-l,2, 5-oxadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn-1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin, zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas. HIDROXILAMINA (Spanish) (7803-49-8) A powerful reducing agent. Aqueous solution is a base. Contact with water or steam causes decomposition to ammonium hydroxide, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Contaminants and/or elevated temperatures above (reported at 1S8"F/7O0C and 265"F/129"C) can cause explosive decomposition. Moisture in air or carbon dioxide may cause decomposition. Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids, copper(I1) sulfate, chromium trioxide, potassium dichromate, phosphorus chlorides, metals: calcium, sodium, zinc. Incompatible with carbonyls, pyridine. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium, zinc powder, and possibly other finely divided metals. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, carbonyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, pyridine, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin. and zinc. HIDRURO CALCICO (Spanish) (7789-78-8) Extremely flammable; finely divided material or dust clouds can explode upon contact with heat, flames, sparks, or oxidizers.
HIDRURO SODICO
625
Violent exothermic reaction with aqueous medium, water, steam, acids, alcohols, forming corrosive hydroxides and evolving heat and explosive hydrogen gas. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms heat-, friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with bromates, chlorates, perchlorates, silver fluoride, and other silver halides. Incandescent reaction with manganese dioxide. Incompatible with halogens, tetrahydrofuran.
HIDRURO de DIISOBUTILALUMINO (Spanish) (1191-15-7) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. A strong reducing agent. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Store under a dry nitrogen blanket. HIDRURO de LITIO (Spanish) (7580-67-8) Flammable solid. Hygroscopic and pyrophoric. A powerful reducing agent. Thermally unstable; dust, powder, or solid material ignites spontaneously in moist air andor elevated temperatures above 7S2"F/40OoC.Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, large amounts of flammable hydrogen, and caustic hithium hydroxide, with ignition. Explodes or ignites on contact with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen oxide, epoxides, liquid oxygen, nitrous oxides, metal salts. Incompatible with halogenated hydrocarbons, acids, and other substances; can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with many standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, or other dry powders. In case of fire, do not use water, foam, halogenated hydrocarbons, soda acid, dry chemicals, or carbon dioxide. Use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Also, Lith-X@, a graphite-base dry chemical extinguishing agent, can be used. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. HIDRURO de LITIO y ALUMINO (Spanish) (16853-85-3) Flammable solid. A powerful reducing agent. Ignites spontaneously in air and/or heat above 2S7"F/12S0C. Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, flammable hydrogen, aluminum, lithium hydride, with possible ignition. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, alcohols, aldehydes, benzoyl peroxide, boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, 3-chloromethylfuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 3,5-dibromocyclopentene, ethers, ethyl acetate, fluoroamides, glycols, ketones, nitrogenous organic compounds, perfluorosuccinamide, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran. Reacts violently with many standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, or other dry powders. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. HIDRURO SODICO (Spanish) (7646-69-7) Flammable solid. Finely dispersed material forms explosive mixture with air; contact with moist air can cause spontaneous combustion. Contact with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols is potentially explosive, with release of flammable hydrogen gas. Violent reaction with ethyl-2,2,3-trifluoropropionate.Reacts, possibly violently, with acetylene, dimethylformamide, halogens, ethyl-2,2,3-trifluoropropionate, oxygen, strong oxidizers, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerin, halogens, sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with most common extinguishers. On fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-l powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite.
626
HI-DRY
HI-DRY (112-60-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 350°F/1 77°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. HIPOCLORITO CALCICO (Spanish) (7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 35OoF/176"C)or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids causes decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol, 1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds. HIPOCLORITO SODICO (Spanish) (7681-52-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer and strong base. Violent reaction with strong acids (giving off chlorine gas), reducing agents, combustible substances, organic substances, benzyl cyanide, hydroxylamine. Decomposes in sunlight, producing oxygen with increased risk of fire. Stability is reduced with concentration, heat, light, decrease in pH, and contamination with metals. Contact with amines and ammonia salts produces explosive chloroamines. Reaction with ammonium sulfate forms explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reacts with urea, forming explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrolein, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 1,l-dichloro-l -nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, s-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes many metals: steel, 12% and 17% chrome steel, cast iron, monel, aluminum, nickel, brass, bronze, iconel, titanium. HIPOFOSFITO CALCICO (Spanish) (7789-79-9) Incompatible with strong acids. Shock- and heat-sensitive mixture formed with potassium chlorate; may cause violent reaction or ignition. HTH@DRY CHLORINE (Olin) (7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 3SO0F/176"C)or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids cause decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol. 1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds. HUlLE d'ANILINE (French) (62-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C). Unless inhibited (usually by methanol), readily able to polymerize. Violent reaction, including
HYDRARGYRUM BIJODATUM
627
the possibility of fire, explosion, and the formation of heat- or shock-sensitive compounds may result from contact with acetic anhydride, benzene diazonium-2-carboxylate, aldehydes, alkalis, benzenamine hydrochloride, boron trichloride, l-bromo-2,5-pyrrolidinedione,chlorosulfonic acid, dibenzoyl peroxide, fluorine nitrate, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, oleum, oxidizers, organic anhydrides, ozone, perchloryl fluoride, perchromates, potassium peroxide, P-propiolactone, sodium peroxide, strong acids, trichloromelamine. Strong reaction with toluene diisocyanate. Reacts with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with copper and its alloys.
HUILE de CAMPHRE (French) (8008-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (1 17"F/47"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HYDRACRYLIC ACID, P-LACTONE (57-57-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Able to polymerizes in elevated temperatures and decomposes at room temperature, forming unstable peroxides; stable below 41 "F/5"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethyleneimine, pyridine, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with 2-aminoethyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrolyzes in fresh water, forming hydracrylic acid; in salt water reacts with the chloride, forming 3-chloropropionic acid. HYDRACRYLONITRILE (109-78-4) Anhydrous product forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 64% hydrazine by weight) (7803-57-8) (10217-52-4) A strong reducing agent and strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acids, N-bromosuccinimide, 1 -chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 4,6-dinitrobenzofurazan-N-oxide,hydrogen peroxide, mercury(I1) oxide, sodium,
N-chlorsuccinimide, tin(I1) chloride. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, etc., glass.
HYDROBlS(2-METHYLPR0PYL)ALUMlNUM
629
HYDRAZINE, MONOHYDRATE (7803-57-8; 10217-52-4) A strong reducing agent and strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acids, N-bromosuccinimide, 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene, 4,6-dinitrobenzofurazan-N-oxide,hydrogen peroxide, mercury(I1) oxide, sodium, N-chlorsuccinimide, tin(I1) chloride. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, etc., glass.
HYDRAZINOBENZENE (100-63-0) A highly reactive reducing agent. Combustible solid (flash point 19OoF/88"C).Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with oxidizers: calcium hypochlorite, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchlorates, methyl iodide, 2-phenylamino-3-phenyloxazirane,3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4cyanofurazan-2-(5) oxide, dicyanofurazan, dicyanofurazan-n-oxide, lead dioxide. Mixture with perchloryl fluoride forms an explosive material. Incompatible with oxides of iron, copper, manganese, and their alloys, methyl iodide, sodium dichlorocyanurate, and many organic compounds. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings, and cork, sand. Contact with cotton clothing may ignite spontaneously.
2-HYDRAZINOETHANOL (109-84-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). A reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 3-(3-cyano- I ,2,4-oxadiazol-S-yl)4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate.
HYDRAZOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 525"F/274"C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals: copper, copper alloys, lead, silver, mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibromomalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene. HYDRAZOMETHANE (60-34-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 17OF/-8"C). Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously in air. A highly reactive reducing agent and medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dicyanofurazan, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, nitrogen tetroxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate, porous materials such as earth, asbestos, wood, and cloth. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. May explode if heated or when in contact with oxides of iron or copper. Contact with manganese, lead, copper, or their alloys may cause fire and explosions. Attacks cork, some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
HYDRIODIC ETHER (75-03-6) Combustible liquid. Reacts with water, steam, or moisture in air, forming hydrogen iodide. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Forms explosive heat-. friction-, shock-sensitive compound with silver chlorite.
HYDROBIS(2-METHYLPR0PYL)ALUMINUM(1191-15-7) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. A
630
HYDROBROMIC ACID
strong reducing agent. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Store under a dry nitrogen blanket.
HYDROBROMIC ACID (10035-10-6) Reacts with water, forming hydrobromic acid. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; violent reaction with bases, ammonia, ferric oxide, strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen chloride, and many organic compounds. Dry material incompatible with methyl vinyl ether. Aqueous solution is incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, calcium oxide, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, oleum, organic anhydrides, sulfuric acid, sodium tetrahydroborate, vinyl acetate. Aqueous solution is highly corrosive to most metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. HYDROCHLORIC ACID (7647-01-0) Hydrogen chloride gas is quickly absorbed in water, forming hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Violent reaction with bases, strong oxidizers (with release of chlorine gas), acetic anhydride, cesium cyanotridecahydrodecaborate(2-), ethylidine difluoride, hexalithium disilicide, metal acetylides, sodium, silicon dioxide, tetraselenium tetranitride, and many organic materials. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aluminum, aluminum-titanium alloys, aromatic amines, amides, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal carbides, oleum, organic anhydrides, perchloric acid, 3-propiolactone, sulfuric acid, uranium phosphide, vinyl acetate, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks most metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. HYDROCHLORIC ACID/NITRIC ACID, MIXTURE (8007-56-5) An extremely strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, metal powders, organic substances, and other easily oxidized materials. Reacts with ethylene chloride, sulfuric acid, acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,ldichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, s-trioxane. Incompatible with m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. Dissolves metals such as gold, palladium, and platinum. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and engineering metals, including Hastelloy@C and 3 16 stainless steel. See also Hydrochloric Acid, Nitric Acid, Nitrosyl Chloride. HYDROCHLORIC ETHER (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58"F/-5OoC). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HYDROCYANICACID (74-90-8) Can be self-reactive, forming an explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- 18°C). Unless inhibited, material stored more than 90 days may be hazardous. Heat above 356"F/18OoCor contact with alkalis or amines can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde. Solutions containing more than 2-5% water are less stable than dry material. Acid solutions react with ammonia, ferric oxide, halogens, ozone. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Water solutions attack carbon steels at room temperatures and stainless steels (especially if stabilized with sulfuric acid) above 176"F/SOoC.
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
631
HYDROCYANIC ACID, POTASSIUM SALT (151-50-8) Reacts with moisture in air, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acid materials, oxidizers, fluorine, sodium chlorate. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam, strong oxidizers, sodium chlorate. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Incompatible with chlorates, gold, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture.
HYDROCYANIC ACID, SODIUM SALT (143-33-9) Violent reaction with acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ethyl chloroacetate, fluorine, magnesium, nitrates, nitrites, sodium nitrate. Reacts with carbon dioxide and moisture in air, producing hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with water, producing flammable sodium dioxide and cyanide fumes; aqueous solution is a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts with carbon dioxide, forming flammable hydrocyanic acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, chlorates, cresols, epichlorohydrin, gold, glycols, isocyanates, mercurous chloride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, zinc.
HYDROCYANIC ETHER (107-12-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 36"F/2"C). Reacts with water, steam, or acid, producing hydrogen cyanide fumes. Reacts violently with oxidizers, reducing agents, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with N-bromosuccinimide, sodium nitrate. Attacks most rubbers and plastics, but polyvinyl alcohol has high resistance to permeation.
HYDRODIISOBUTYLALUMINUM (1191-15-7) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts with air, forming hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide fumes. A strong reducing agent. Reacts with water, steam, acids, alcohols, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbon dioxide, cresols, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides, permanganates, phenols, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Store under a dry nitrogen blanket.
HYDROFLUOBORIC ACID (16872-11-0) A strong inorganic acid; reacts violently with strong bases. Reacts slowly with water, forming hydroxyfluoborate ions. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamiues, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas.
HYDROFLUORIC ACID (7664-39-3) Anhydrous gas reacts with water, evolving much heat. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, alkalis, 2-amino ethanol, arsenic trioxide, bismuthic acid, calcium oxide, chlorosulfonic acid, cyanogen fluoride, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, fluorine, nitrogen trifluoride, N-phenylazopiperidine, oleum, oxygen difluoride, n-phenylazopiperidine, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium permanganate, potassium tetrafluorosilicate(2-), P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, sodium, sodium tetrafluorosilicate, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate. Reacts, possibly violently, with aliphatic amines, alcohols, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal silicides, methanesulfonic acid, organic anhydrides, oxides, silicon
632
HYDROFOL ACID 1255
compounds, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks glass and siliceous materials, concrete, ceramics, metals (flammable hydrogen gas may be produced), metal alloys, some plastics, rubber, coatings, and most other materials except lead, platinum, polyethylene, wax.
HYDROFOL ACID 1255 (143-07-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230°F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. HYDROFURAN (109-99-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6"F/- 14°C; also listed at 1.4"F/- 17°C cc). Unless inhibited, forms 2-tetrahydrofuryl hydroperoxide and then forms unstable and explosive polyalkylidene peroxide. Polymerization can occur in the presence of acids, bases (e.g., potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), and certain salts. Peroxides can be removed by treatment with a slightly acidic solution of strong ferrous sulfate treated with sodium bisulfate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, oxygen, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, metal halides, peroxyacetic acid, potassium hydride. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia, acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants. Incompatible with borane, calcium hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium aluminum tetrahydride. Attacks some plastics and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can result in ignition of its vapors.
HYDROGEN (1333-74-0) Extremely flammable gas; burns with a practically invisible, high-temperature flame. Ignites easily with oxygen. Violent reaction, reacts explosively, or forms heat- and/or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures, with oxidizers, halogens, acetylene, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine oxides, dinitrogen oxides, fluorine perchloride, heptasilver nitrate octaoxide, iodine heptafluoride. 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn- 1-01, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen difluoride, and other gases. Incompatible with copper(I1) oxide, difluorodiazene, iodine heptafluoride, lead trifluoride, liquid nitrogen, lithium perchlorate trihydrate, metals, nitrogen trifluoride, nitryl fluoride, palladium(I1) oxide, palladium trifluoride, polycarbon monofluoride, potassium, tetrafluorohydrazine, xenon hexafluoride; may cause ignition on contact or explosion when heated. Mild steel and most iron alloys become brittle at liquid hydrogen temperatures.
HYDROGEN ANTIMONIDE (7803-52-3) Flammable and thermally unstable gas. Reacts with moisture, forming explosive hydrogen. Elevated temperatures above 39OoF/l98"C can cause fire and explosion. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, halogenated hydrocarbons, ozone. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonia. HYDROGEN ARSENIDE (7784-42-1) A thermallyunstable flammable gas. Violent reaction with acids, halogens, chlorine, oxidizers. This chemical is endothermic; can be detonated by shock, elevated temperatures above (572"F/30ODC),or powerful initiators. Exposure to light causes moist material to decompose with deposition of solid black arsenic. Low conductivity may cause the accumulation of static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors. HYDROGEN BROMIDE (10035-10-6) Reacts with water, forming hydrobromic acid. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; violent reaction with bases, ammonia, ferric oxide, strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen chloride, and many organic compounds. Dry material incompatible with methyl vinyl ether. Aqueous solution is incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, calcium oxide,
HYDROGEN DIOXIDE
633
epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, oleum, organic anhydrides, sulfuric acid, sodium tetrahydroborate, vinyl acetate. Aqueous solution is highly corrosive to most metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas.
HYDROGEN CARBOXYLIC ACID (64-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air [(90% solution) I 22"F/5O0C]. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, furfury1 alcohol, hypochlontes, isocyanides, nitromethane, chromic acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus pentaoxide, strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, palladium, thallium trinitrate trihydrate. Attacks aluminum, cast iron and steel, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Slowly decomposes in storage, forming carbon monoxide gas.
HYDROGEN CHLORIDE (7647-01-0) Hydrogen chloride gas is quickly absorbed in water, forming hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Violent reaction with bases, strong oxidizers (with release of chlorine gas), acetic anhydride, cesium cyanotridecahydrodecaborate(2-), ethylidine difluoride, hexalithium disilicide, metal acetylides, sodium, silicon dioxide, tetraselenium tetranitride, and many organic materials. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aluminum, aluminum-titanium alloys, aromatic amines, amides, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal carbides, oleum. organic anhydrides, perchloric acid, 3-propiolactone, sulfuric acid, uranium phosphide, vinyl acetate, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks most metals, fonning flammable hydrogen gas, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HYDROGEN CYANIDE, ANHYDROUS (74-90-8) Can be self-reactive, forming an explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- 18°C). Unless inhibited, material stored more than 90 days may be hazardous. Heat above 356"F/l8OoC or contact with alkalis or amines can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde. Solutions containing more than 2-5% water are less stable than dry material. Acid solutions react with ammonia, ferric oxide, halogens, ozone. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Water solutions attack carbon steels at room temperatures and stainless steels (especially if stabilized with sulfuric acid) above 176"F/80°C.
HYDROGEN DIOXIDE (7722-84-1) A powerful oxidizer. The concentrated or pure material can generate heat and decompose spontaneously; can ignite or explode when heated, shocked, contaminated; or, if placed in a basic (pH27) environment, especially in the presence of metal ions. Mixtures with combustible materials may result in spontaneous combustion, or may be impact- or heat-sensitive. Reacts (violence increases with concentration) with reducing agents, alcohols, alkalis, ammonia, carboxylic acids, acetic acid, cobalt oxides, copper(I1) chloride, ethers, metal powders, permanganates, acetone, benzenesulfonic anhydride, 1,l-dimethylhydrazine, dimethylphenylphosphine,gadolinium hydroxide, hydrogen selenide, iron oxides, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, manganese(I1) oxide, mercury oxide, methyl hydrazine, nickel monoxide, nitrogenous bases, osmium tetroxide, a-phenylselenoketones, phosphorus, phosphorus(V) oxide, quinoline, tetrahydrothiophene, tin@) chloride, thiodiglycol, thiophane, tin(I1) chloride, unsaturated organic compounds, readilyoxidizable, and combustible materials. Reacts with cobalt, copper and its alloys, chromium, iridium, iron, lead, manganese, Monel@,osmium, palladium, platinum, gold, silver, zinc, and other catalytic metals, metal oxides and salts. Forms unstable and possibly explosive materials
634
HYDROGENE SULFURE
with acetic anhydride, aconitic acid, aniline, carboxylic acids, 1,4-diazabicycl0(2,2,2)octane, diphenyl diselenide, ethyl acetate, glycols, ketene, ketones, triethyltin hydroperoxide, 1,3,5-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. Decomposes slowly at ordinary temperatures and builds up pressure in a closed container; the rate of decomposition doubles for each 5O0F/10"C rise (1.5 times 50"F/lO"C rise) in temperature, and decomposition becomes self-sustaining at 285"F/14loC.Contact with rough surfaces can cause decomposition. Attacks, and may ignite, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HYDROGENE SULFURE (French) (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE (7664-39-3) Anhydrous gas reacts with water, evolving much heat. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, alkalis, 2-amino ethanol, arsenic trioxide, bismuthic acid, calcium oxide, chlorosulfonic acid, cyanogen fluoride, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, fluorine, nitrogen trifluoride, N-phenylazopiperidine, oleum, oxygen difluoride, n-phenylazopiperidine, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium permanganate, potassium tetrafluorosilicate(2-), P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, sodium, sodium tetrafluorosilicate, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate. Reacts, possibly violently, with aliphatic amines, alcohols, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal silicides, methanesulfonic acid, organic anhydrides, oxides, silicon compounds, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks glass and siliceous materials, concrete, ceramics, metals (flammable hydrogen gas may be produced), metal alloys, some plastics, rubber, coatings, and most other materials except lead, platinum, polyethylene, wax. HYDROGEN HEXACHLOROPLATINATE(1V)(16941-12-1) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, bromine trifluoride, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (7722-84-1) A powerful oxidizer. The concentrated or pure material can generate heat and decompose spontaneously; can ignite or explode when heated, shocked, contaminated; or, if placed in a basic (pH27) environment, especially in the presence of metal ions. Mixtures with combustible materials may result in spontaneous combustion, or may be impact- or heat-sensitive. Reacts (violence increases with concentration) with reducing agents, alcohols, alkalis, ammonia, carboxylic acids, acetic acid, cobalt oxides, copper(I1) chloride, ethers, metal powders, permanganates, acetone, benzenesulfonic anhydride, 1,l-dimethylhydrazine, dimethylphenylphosphine, gadolinium hydroxide, hydrogen selenide, iron oxides, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, manganese(I1) oxide, mercury oxide, methyl hydrazine, nickel monoxide, nitrogenous bases, osmium tetroxide, a-phenylselenoketones, phosphorus, phosphorus(V) oxide, quinoline, tetrahydrothiophene, tin(I1) chloride, thiodiglycol, thiophane, tin(1I) chloride; unsaturated organic compounds, readilyoxidizable, and combustible materials. Reacts with cobalt, copper and its alloys, chromium, iridium, iron, lead,
HYDROGEN SULFIDE
635
manganese, Monel@, osmium, palladium, platinum, gold, silver, zinc, and other catalytic metals, metal oxides and salts. Forms unstable and possibly explosive materials with acetic anhydride, aconitic acid, aniline, carboxylic acids, 1,4-diazabicyclo(2,2,2)octane,diphenyl diselenide, ethyl acetate, glycols, ketene. ketones, triethyltin bydroperoxide, 1,3,5-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. Decomposes slowly at ordinary temperatures and builds up pressure in a closed container; the rate of decomposition doubles for each 50"F/10°C rise (1.5 times 50"FllO"C rise) in temperature, and decomposition becomes self-sustaining at 285"F/141 "C. Contact with rough surfaces can cause decomposition. Attacks, and may ignite, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HYDROGEN PHOSPHIDE (7803-51-2) Unusually reactive, extremely flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously or explode in air (although pure, uncontaminated material may not explode in air until 212"F/10OoC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, pure oxygen. Evolves flammable hydrogen; reacts violently or forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive products with many substances, including acids, alkalis, amines, boron trichloride, bromine, dichlorine oxide, halogenated compounds, lead hyponitrite, mercury nitrate, nitrogen chloride. Elevated temperatures above 7OO0F/371"C may cause storage cylinders to explode. HYDROGEN, REFRIGERATEDLIQUID (1333-74-0) Extremely flammable gas; bums with a practically invisible, high-temperature flame. Ignites easily with oxygen. Violent reaction, reacts explosively, or forms heat- and/or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with oxidizers, halogens, acetylene, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine oxides, dinitrogen oxides, fluorine perchloride, heptasilver nitrate octaoxide, iodine heptafluoride, 3-methyl-2-penten-4yn- 1-01, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen difluoride, and other gases. Incompatible with copper(I1) oxide, difluorodiazene, iodine heptafluoride, lead trifluoride, liquid nitrogen, lithium perchlorate trihydrate, metals, nitrogen trifluoride, nitryl fluoride, palladium(I1) oxide, palladium trifluoride, polycarbon monofluoride, potassium, tetrafluorohydrazine, xenon hexafluoride; may cause ignition on contact or explosion when heated. Mild steel and most iron alloys become brittle at liquid hydrogen temperatures. HYDROGEN SELENITE (7783-00-8) Reacts with air, forming selenium oxide and water. Reacts with oxidizers, forming selenic acid, and with reducing agents, forming selenium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. HYDROGEN SELINIDE (7783-07-5) Flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Reacts with moisture, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, evolving heat and flammable hydrogen. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, alcohols, water, halogenated hydrocarbons. HYDROGEN SULFIDE (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
636
HYDROGEN SULFITE SODIUM
HYDROGEN SULFITE SODIUM (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals.
HYDROGEN TETRAFLUOROBORATE (16872-11-0) A strong inorganic acid; reacts violently with strong bases. Reacts slowly with water, forming hydroxyfluoborate ions. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. HYDROLINO (7775-14-6) Combustible solid. Finely dispersed dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with water, moist air, or steam, emitting sulfur dioxide and heat, with risk of spontaneous combustion. Contact with acids produces sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion on contact with oxidizers, sodium chlorite. Elevated temperatures above 122"F/5OoCmay cause violent thermal decomposition, producing sodium sulfate and sulfur dioxide. When dissolving, always slowly add this material to water.
HYDROMAGNESITE (546-93-0) Violent reaction with formaldehyde. HYDROOXYCYCLOHFXANE (108-94-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I 1 1"F/44"C). Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid above 165"F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
HYDROPEROXIDE (7722-84-1) A powerful oxidizer. The concentrated or pure material can generate heat and decompose spontaneously; can ignite or explode when heated, shocked, contaminated; or, if placed in a basic (pH27) environment, especially in the presence of metal ions. Mixtures with combustible materials may result in spontaneous combustion, or may be impact- or heat-sensitive. Reacts (violence increases with concentration) with reducing agents, alcohols, alkalis, ammonia, carboxylic acids, acetic acid, cobalt oxides, copper(I1) chloride, ethers, metal powders, permanganates, acetone, benzenesulfonic anhydride, 1 ,I -dimethylhydrazine, dimethylphenylphosphine, gadolinium hydroxide, hydrogen selenide, iron oxides, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, manganese(I1) oxide, mercury oxide, methyl hydrazine, nickel monoxide, nitrogenous bases, osmium tetroxide, a-phenylselenoketones, phosphorus, phosphorus(V) oxide, quinoline, tetrahydrothiophene, tin(I1) chloride, thiodigl ycol, thiophane, tin(I1) chloride; unsaturated organic compounds, readilyoxidizable, and combustible materials. Reacts with cobalt, copper and its alloys, chromium, indium, iron, lead, manganese, Monel@,osmium, palladium, platinum, gold, silver, zinc, and other catalytic metals, metal oxides and salts. Forms unstable and possibly explosive materials with acetic anhydride, aconitic acid, aniline, carboxylic acids, 1,4-diazabicyclo(2,2,2)octane,diphenyl diselenide, ethyl acetate, glycols, ketene, ketones, triethyltin hydroperoxide, 1,3,5-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. Decomposes slowly at ordinary temperatures and builds up pressure in a closed container; the rate of decomposition doubles for each 50"F/lO0C rise (1.5 times 50"FllO"C rise) in temperature, and decomposition becomes self-sustaining at 285"F/l4 1 "C. Contact with rough surfaces can cause decomposition. Attacks, and may ignite, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
HYDROPEROXIDE, ACETYL (79-21-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 1OO0F/38"C; 105"F/41"C (40% solution in acetic acid)]. A powerful oxidizer and extremely
p-HYDROQUINONE
637
shock- and friction-sensitive explosive. Thermally unstable, it decomposes violently at 230°F/I 10°C. May explode if concentration exceeds 56% of carrier, caused by evaporation. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible materials, strong bases, ether solvents, organic material, metal chloride solutions, transition metals, acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, olefins, magnesium, metal oxides, heavy metals, nickel, phosphorus, sodium nitride, zinc. Corrosive to most metals, including aluminum.
1-HYDROPEROXYCYCLOHEXYL 1-HYDROXYCYCLOHEXYL PEROXIDE (78-18-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 111"F/44" cc). A strong oxidizer. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage and may be sensitive to heat and shock. Reacts violently with combustible materials, reducing agents, organic substances, finely divided metals, caustics, ammonia. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics.
HYDROPEROXY-2-METHYLPROPANE (75-91-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1OO0F/38"C).A powerful oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, organic materials, ethylene dichloride.
HYDROPHENOL (108-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 154"F/68"C). Contact with oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with chromium trioxide, nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
HYDROQUINOL (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/l65"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. HYDROQUINONE (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. a-HYDROQUINONE(123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. m-HYDROQUINONE(108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261 "F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust.
o-HYDROQUINONE(120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 26OoF/127"Ccc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. p-HYDROQUINONE(123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on
638
HYDROSULFURIC ACID
contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture.
HYDROSULFURIC ACID (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
N-HYDROXETHYL-1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE (929-06-6) Combustible liquid (flash point
275"F/135"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings, aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
HYDROXIDE de POTASSIUM (French) (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p-bis( 1,3-dibromoethyI)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloroform, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol, tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, N-nitrosohydroxylamine, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane. Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas. HYDROXY NO. 253 (25154-52-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 285"F/141 "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HYDROXYACETIC ACID (79-14-1) Combustible solid. Dust forms an explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution is a medium-strong organic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers.
o-HYDROXYANILINE or 2-HYDROXYANILINE (95-55-6) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
2-HYDROXYBUTANE
639
o-HYDROXYANISOLE (90-05-1) Combustible solid (flash point 179"F/82"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. 2-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE(90-02-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 172"F/78"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines. o-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE(90-02-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 172"F/78"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines. HYDROXYBENZENE (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc. 2-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID (69-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 15"F/157"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture in air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, ethyl nitrite, iodine, iron salts, lead diacetate. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. o-HYDROXYBENZOICACID (69-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 15"F/157"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture in air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, ethyl nitrite, iodine, iron salts, lead diacetate. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-HYDROXYBUTANAL (107-89-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 150°F/66"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. 1-HYDROXYBUTANE(71-36-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 98"F/ 37°C). May react with aluminum above 12OoF/49"C.Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. 2-HYDROXYBUTANE (78-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75"F/4"C). Forms an unstable peroxide product in air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium trioxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium
640
3-HYDROXY BUTYRALDEHYDE
tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluorogumidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminurn, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings.
3-HYDROXYBUTYRALDEHYDE (107-89-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 150"F/ 66°C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers.
P-HYDROXYBUTYRACDEHYDE (107-89-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 150"F/ 66°C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers.
1-HYDROXY-4-tert-BUTYLBENZENE (98-54-4) Combustible solid or solution (flash point solution 235"F/113"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. HYDROXYCELLULOSE (9004-34-6) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium nitrate, fluorine, or strong oxidizers.
2-HYDROXYCHLOROBENZENE (95-57-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 147"F/ 64°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with organic acids; toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene may evolve from decomposition. Attacks aluminum and copper.
4-HYDROXYCHLOROBENZENE (106-48-9) Combustible solid (flash point 249"F/ 121°C). Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Attacks active metals, aluminum, copper, etc.
3-HYDROXYCROTONIC ACID METHYL ESTER DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/I 75°C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals.
1-HYDROXY-2-CYANOETHANE (109-78-4) Anhydrous product forms explosive mixture with air (flash point < -7OoF/21"C). Commercial product containing >-20% water by volume may also be able to form explosive mixture with air (flash point 26S0F1129"Coc, also reported at 140°F/600C). Basic contamination, amines, inorganic bases (sodium hydroxide), mineral acids can cause polymerization. A powerful reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with acids, acid salts, chlorates, nitrates, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Decomposes above boiling point of 44ZoF/227"C, forming lethal hydrogen cyanide gas. Avoid hot water and steam. Attacks mild steel, copper, and its alloys.
3-HYDROXYCYCLOHEXADIEN-1-ONE(108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point
26I0F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust.
HYDROXYCYCLOHEXANE (108-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 154"F/6S°C). Contact with oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with chromium
3-HYDROXYDIMETHYLCROTONAMIDE DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE
641
trioxide, nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
HYDROXYDE de SODIUM (French) (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water,
evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylpheno1, 2,2-dichloro3,3-dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,S-tetrachlorobenzene(highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro1-propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitnle, ally1chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene-I ,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-~hlorobutyronitrile,chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2-nitropheno1, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, and/or shocksensitive, explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2, 5-oxadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn-1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin, zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas.
HYDROXYDIMETHYLARSINE OXIDE (75-60-5)Aqueous solution reacts with
chemically active metals. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
HYDROXYDIMETHYLARSINE OXIDE, SODIUM SALT (124-65-2) Reacts with strong acids, emitting arsenic fumes. Corrodes common metals.
l-HYDROXY-2,4-DIMETHYLBENZENE (105-67-9) Combustible solid (flash point
186"F/86"C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. A weak organic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
cis-3-HYDROXY-N,N-DIMETHYLCROTONAMIDE (141-66-2) May react violently
with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates. Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 13S°F/5S"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate.
3-HYDROXYDIMETHYLCROTONAMIDE DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE (141-66-2) May react violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates. Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 13S"F/SS"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate.
642
3-HYDROXY-7V.N-DIMETHYL-cis-CROTONAMIDE DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE
~-HYDROXY-N,N-DIMETHYL-C~-CROTONAMIDE DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE (141-66-2) May react violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates. Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 135"F/55"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate. l-HYDROXY-2,4-DINITRO-BENZENE (51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-HYDROXY-1-ETHANETHIOL (60-24-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/ 74°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. HYDROXYETHANOIC ACID (79-14-1) Combustible solid. Dust forms an explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution is a medium-strong organic acid. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. 2-HYDROXYETHANOL (107-21-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 231"FIll l T ) . Violent reaction with oxidizers and oxidizing acids, sulfuric acid. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic arnines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, potassium bichromate, phosphorus pentasulfide, sodium chlorite. HYDROXY ETHER (111-15-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 117"F/ 47°C). Reacts XJiolently with oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Softens many plastics. Attacks some rubber and coatings. HYDROXY ETHER (110-80-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 11O"FI 43OC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Able to form peroxides. Incompatible with strong acids. Attacks rubber and some coatings. 2-HYDROXYETHYL ACETATE (542-59-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 215"FI 102°C oc). Unless inhibited (p-methoxyphenol is recommended), polymerization can occur, especially when heated. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with permanganates, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. 2-HYDROXYETHYLACRYLATE (818-61-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 214"F/ 1O l T ) . Unless inhibited @-methoxyphenol is recommended), polymerization can occur, especially when heated. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with permanganates, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Attacks mild steel and tin plate. Swells rubber; removes paint.
N(2-HYDR0XYETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE
643
P-HYDROXYETHYL ACRYLATE (818-61-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 214"F/1Ol0C). Unless inhibited @-methoxyphenol is recommended), polymerization can occur, especially when heated. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with permanganates, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Attacks mild steel and tin plate. Swells rubber; removes paint. 2-HYDROXYETHYLAMINE(141-43-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (with spattering). Incompatible with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylates, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, caprolactam solution, cellulose nitrate, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, mesityl oxide, oleum, organic anhydrides, phenols, P-propiolactone, vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Reacts with iron, forming tris-ethanolaminoiron, a pyrophoric material. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Attacks plastics, coatings, and rubber.
1-(2-HYDROXYETHYLAMINO)-2-AMINOETHANE (929-06-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings, aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. 2-(2-HYDROXYETHYLAMINO)ETHYLAMINE (929-06-6) Combustible liquid (flash
point 275"F/135"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings, aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
(1-HYDR0XYETHYL)BENZENE (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OO0F/93"Ccc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. P-HYDROXY- ETHYLDIMETHYLAMINE(108-01-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 105"F/41"C oc). An organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks copper, zinc, and their alloys, galvanized steel.
N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE (111-41-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/135"C). Aqueous solution is an organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers,
644
N-( P-HY DR0XYETHYL)ETHY LENEDIAMINE
cellulose nitrate (of high surface area). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride.
N-(0-HYDR0XYETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE (111-41-1) Combustible liquid (flash
point 275"F/135'C). Aqueous solution is an organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with inaleic anhydride.
HYDROXYETHYL HYDRAZINE (109-84-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). A reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 3(3-cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate.
P-HYDROXYETHYLHYDRAZINE (109-84-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 185"F/85"C). A reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 3(3-cyano-l,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate.
N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)HYDRAZINE(109-84-2) Combustible liquid (flash point
I85"F/85"C). A reducing agent and organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 3(3-cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate.
P-HYDROXYETHYL ISOPROPYL ETHER or 0-HYDROXYETHYL ISOPROPYL ETHER (109-59-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid.
2-HYDROXYETHYL MERCAPTAN (60-24-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
2-(HYDR0XYETHYL)METHYLAMINE (109-83-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C oc). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
1-HYDROXYHEXANE
645
N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)PHENYLAMINE (122-98-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/148"C; 305"F/152"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. 2-HYDROXYETHYL 2-PROPENOATE (818-61-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 214"F/101"C). Unless inhibited (p-methoxyphenol is recommended), polymerization can occur, especially when heated. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with permanganates, ammonium persulfate. bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Attacks mild steel and tin plate. Swells rubber; removes paint.
P-HYDROXYETHYL SULFIDE (111-48-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 320°F/1 60°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrochloric acids. Incompatible with acids, aliphatic amines, bases, boranes, isocyanates. 1-HYDROXYHEPTANE (111-70-6) Combustible
liquid (flash point 170"F/ 77°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently. with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-HYDROXYHEPTANE (543-49-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 160"F/ 7 1°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-HYDROXYHEPTANE (589-82-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140°F/60"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1-HYDROXYHEXANE(111-27-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminuni, triisobutylaluminum.
646
(HYDROXYIMIN0)CYCLOHEXANE
(HYDROXYIMIN0)CYCLOHEXANE (100-64-1)Combustible solid (flash point
217"F/lO3"C). May form unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Reacts with strong oxidizers, strong acids; in the presence of elevated temperatures above 300°F/149"C, the reaction may be explosive.
2-HYDROXYISOBUTYRONITRILE(75-86-5)Combustible liquid (flash point 165"Fl 74°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, reducing agents. a-HYDROXYISOBUTYRONITRILE or a-HYDROXYISOBUTYRONITRILE (7586-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers.
Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, reducing agents.
HYDROXYISOBUTYRONITRITE (75-86-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/ 74°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, arnines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, reducing agents.
4-HYDROXY-2-KETO-4-METHYLPENTANE (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture
with air above 136"F/58"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148"F/64"C.
HYDROXYLAMINE (7803-49-8)A powerful reducing agent. Aqueous solution is a base.
Contact with water or steam causes decomposition to ammonium hydroxide, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Contaminants and/or elevated temperatures above certain ranges (reported at 158"F/70°C and 265"F/129"C) can cause explosive decomposition. Moisture in air or carbon dioxide may cause decomposition. Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids, copper(I1) sulfate, chromium trioxide, potassium dichromate, phosphorus chlorides, metals: calcium, sodium, zinc. Incompatible with carbonyls, pyridine. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium, zinc powder, and possibly other finely divided metals. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls,
2-HYDROXYMETHYLFURAN
647
carbonyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, pyridine, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc.
HYDROXYLAMINE HYDROSULFATE (10046-00-1) A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with bases. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, aluminum, ammonia, alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, isocyanates, magnesium, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Compare with Hydroxylamine Sulfate. HYDROXYLAMINE SULFATE or HYDROXYLAMINE SULFATE (10039-54-0) A strong oxidizer. Heat or friction may cause explosive decomposition. Violent, possibly explosive, reaction occurs with caustics, reducing agents, or combustible materials. Reacts with alkaline materials, forming unstable hydroxylamine; may cause explosive decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, aluminum, ammonia, alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, isocyanates, magnesium, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin. HYDROXYLAMMONIUM SULFATE (10039-54-0)A strong oxidizer. Heat or friction may cause explosive decomposition. Violent, possibly explosive, reaction occurs with caustics, reducing agents, or combustible materials. Reacts with alkaline materials, forming unstable hydroxylamine; may cause explosive decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, aluminum, ammonia, alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, isocyanates, magnesium, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin. 1-HYDROXY-2-METHOXYBENZENE (90-05-1) Combustible solid (flash point 179"F/82"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides.
2-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-3-BUTYNE (115-19-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, bormes. 2-HYDROXYMETHYLFURAN (98-00-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 167"F/75"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, formic acid, oxalic acid. Strong reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, cyanoacetic acid, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber.
648
4-HYDROXY-4-METHYL-2-PENTANONE or 4-HY DROXY-4-METHYLPENTAN-2-ONE
4-HYDROXY-4-METHYL-2-PENTANONE or 4-HYDROXY-4-METHYLPENTAN-2ONE (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture with air above 136"F/5SoC.Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 14SoF/64"C.
1-HYDROXYMETHYLPROPANE (78-83-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/28"C). Violent ceaction with strong oxidizers, chromium(II1) oxide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, alkaline metals, and alkali earth. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with aluminum at elevated temperatures, forming flammable hydrogen gas.
2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPIONITRILE (75-86-5) Combustible liquid (flash point
165"F/74"C). Reacts violeiltly with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, reducing agents.
2-HYDROXY-4-(METHYLTHIO)-BUTANOIC ACID (583-91-5) Combustible liquid
(flash point 25OoF/121"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, sulfuric acid.
2-HYDROXYNITROBENZENE (88-75-5) Combustible solid (flash point 2 15"F/102"C). Dust or powders form explosive mixture with air. A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; burns even in absence of air, causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts with combustible, organic, and other easily oxidizable materials. Forms shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with chlorine trifluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, diethyl amine, potassium hydroxide. 3-HYDROXYNITROBENZENE (554-84-7) Combustible solid (flash point 215"FI 102OC). Dust or powders form explosive mixture with air. A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; burns even in absence of air, causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts with combustible, organic, and other easily oxidizable materials. Forms shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with chlorine trifluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, diethyl amine, potassium hydnde, potassium hydroxide. 4-HYDROXYNITROBENZENE (100-02-7) Combustible solid (flash point 336"F/ 169°C). Dust or powders form explosive mixture with air. A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes violently at 555"F/29I0C (burns even in absence of air), causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Violent reaction with reducing agents, potassium hydroxide. Reacts with combustible, organic, and other easily oxidizable materials.
LHYDROXYPROPANE
649
Forms shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with chlorine trifluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, diethyl amine. Aqueous solution is acidic.
rn-HYDROXYNITROBENZENE(554-84-7) Combustible solid (flash point 2 15"F/102"C). Dust or powders form explosive mixture with air. A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; bums even in absence of air, causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts with combustible, organic, and other easily oxidizable materials. Forms shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with chlorine trifluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, diethyl amine, potassium hydride, potassium hydroxide.
1-HYDROXYOCTANE (111-87-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 178"FBl "C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. 2-HYDROXYOCTANE (123-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 178"F/81"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. 2-HYDROXYPHENOL or o-HYDROXYPHENOL (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 26OoF/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-HYDROXYPHENOL or rn-HYDROXYPHENOL (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 26loF/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust.
p-HYDROXYPHENOL (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture.
1-HYDROXYPROPANE (71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/I 5°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluoroborate(1-), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
650
3-HYDROXYPROPANENITRILE
3-HYDROXYPROPANENITRILE(109-78-4) Anhydrous product forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 81°C). Incompatible with strong acids. oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid (oleum). Liquid attacks most plastics and rubber, although butyl rubber and Teflon@ have high resistance to permeation. Attacks many metals. P-HYDROXYTRICARBOXYLIC ACID (77-92-9) Aqueous solution is a moderately strong organic acid. Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizers. Organic acids are incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Contact with metal nitrates may be explosive. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, when wet. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol. 2-HYDROXYTRIETHYLAMINE (100-37-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14O0F/6O0C).Reacts violently with oxidizers, strong acids, acid anhydrides. Reacts with light metals, aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals. Attacks some plastics and rubber. 2-HYDROXY-m-XYLENE(105-67-9) Combustible solid (flash point 186"F/86"C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air. A weak organic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. HYDRURE de LITHIUM (French) (7580-67-8) Flammable solid. Hygroscopic and pyrophoric. A powerful reducing agent. Thermally unstable: dust, powder, or solid material ignites spontaneously in moist air and/or elevated temperatures above 752"F/40OoC. Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, large amounts of flammable hydrogen, and caustic hithium hydroxide, with ignition. Explodes or ignites on contact with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen oxide, epoxides, liquid oxygen, nitrous oxides, metal salts. Incompatible with halogenated hydrocarbons, acids, and other substances: can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with many standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, or other dry powders. In case of fire, do not use water, foam, halogenated hydrocarbons, soda acid, dry chemicals, or carbon dioxide. Use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Also, Lith-X@, a graphite-base dry chemical extinguishing agent, can be used. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. HYPOCHLOROUS ACID, CALCIUM (7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 35O0F/176"C)or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids causes decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and
HYPONITROUS ACID ANHYDRIDE
653
forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol, 1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds.
HYPOCHLOROUS ACID, SODIUM SALT (7681-52-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer and strong base. Violent reaction with strong acids (giving off chlorine gas), reducing agents, combustible substances, organic substances, benzyl cyanide, hydroxylamine. Decomposes in sunlight, producing oxygen with increased risk of fire. Stability is reduced with concentration, heat, light, decrease in pH, and contamination with metals. Contact with amines and ammonia salts produces explosive chloroamines. Reaction with ammonium sulfate forms explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reacts with urea, forming explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrolein, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, nt-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 1,l-dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichIoropropene, diethylamine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, s-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes many metals: steel, 12% and 17% chrome steel, cast iron, monel, aluminum, nickel, brass, bronze, iconel, titanium. HYPONITROUS ACID ANHYDRIDE (10024-97-2) May form explosive mixture with flammable and reactive gases, including anhydrous ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitryl fluoride, phosphine. Nonflammable but supports combustion; as temperature increases above 572"F/3OO0C,it becomes both a strong oxidizer and self-reactive. Pyrophoric at elevated temperatures. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum, ammonia, boron, hydrazine, lithium hydride, sodium, tungsten carbide.
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IDRAZINA (Italian) (302-01-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1OO0F/38"C). Thermally unstable. A powerful explosive. A highly reactive reducing agent and strong base. Air or oxygen is not required for decomposition; can ignite spontaneously in air at room temperature or when absorbed on porous material: asbestos, cloth, cork, earth, wood. Violent reaction (may explode on contact) with oxidizers, acids, halogens, iodine pentoxide, metal oxides, metal catalysts, silver compounds, titanium compounds, l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chromium dioxide, 3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, dicyanofurazan, diethylzinc, potassium, potassium dichromate, sodium hydroxide, thiocarbonyl azide thiocyanate, sodium dichromate dihydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with many compounds, including 2-chloro-5-methylnitrobenzene, lithium perchlorate, metal salts, sodium perchlorate, 1,3,5-trifluorotrinitrobenzene.Incompatible with aluminum, copper, lead, manganese, nickel, silver, titanium, zinc, and their alloys, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alcohols, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, ammonia, caprolactam solution, cresols, chromates, epichlorohydrin, glycols, phenols, perchlorates, potassium peroxodisulfate, ruthenium(II1) chloride, tetryl, zinc diamide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Keep away from all other materials. See supplier's MSDS for instructions on proper storage, handling, and disposal. IDRAZINA IDRATA (Italian) (7803-57-8; 10217-52-4) A strong reducing agent and strong base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acids, N-bromosuccinimide, 1-chloro-2,4dinitrobenzene, 4,6-dinitrobenzofurazan-N-oxide,hydrogen peroxide, mercury(I1) oxide, sodium, N-chlorsuccinimide, tin(I1) chloride. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, etc., glass. IDROCHINONE (Italian) (123-31-9)Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/165"C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture. IDROGENOSOLFORATO (Italian) (7783-06-4)A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
4-IDROSSI-4-METIL-PENTAN-Z-ONE (Italian) (123-42-2)Forms explosive mixture
with air above 136"F/58"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact
655
656
4-1DROSSI-3-(3-OXO-)-(FENIL-BUTIL)-CUMARlNE
with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note; The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148"F/64"C.
4-IDROSSI-3-(3-OXO-)-(FENIL-BUTIL)-CUMARINE (Italian) (81-81-2)Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Isolate from strong acids, strong bases.
IGE (4016-08-6)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92OF133"C). Air and
light cause formation of unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkalis, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. Attacks some rubbers and plastics.
IKURINO (7773-06-0)A powerful oxidizer; may cause fires and explosions on contact
with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320°F/160°C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction.
2,2'-IMINOBISETHANOL(111-42-2)Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 28OoF/138"C). Strong reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized iron. 2,2'-IMINOBISETHYLAMINE(111-40-0)Combustible liquid (flash point 208"F/
98°C oc). An organic base. Ignites spontaneously with cellulose nitrate, and possibly with other nitrogen compounds. Silver, cobalt, or chromium compounds may cause explosions. Contact with nitromethane forms a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with acids, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, organic anhydrides, substituted allyls, epichlorohydrin, glycols, halogenated compounds, isocyanates, ketones, mercury, phenols, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, cobalt, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys.
3,3'-IMINOBISPROPYLAMINE(56-18-8)Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/
79°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids and strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,2'-IMINODIETHANOL(111-42-2)Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point
280°F/138°C). Strong reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, organic acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys, and galvanized iron.
IODIC ACIODIC ACID, POTASSIUM SALT
657
1,1'-IMINODI-2-PROPANOL (110-97-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/ 127°C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings, aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. IMPERIAL GREEN (12002-03-8) Contact with strong oxidizers like chlorine, fluorine, peroxides may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or may form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate. INCIDOL@ (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/80°C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. INDIAN RED (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. INERTEEN (1336-36-3) See PCBs. IODE (French) (7553-56-2) A powerful oxidizer. Material or vapors react violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, alkali metals, acetylene, acetaldehyde, antimony, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hydride, cesium, cesium oxide, chlorine trifluoride, copper hydride, dipropylmercury, fluoride, francium, lithium, metal acetylides, metal carbides, nickel monoxide, nitryl fluoride, perchloryl perchlorate, polyacetylene, powdered metals, rubidium, phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sulfur, sulfur trioxide, tetraamine, trioxygen difluoride. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive compounds with ammonia, silver azide, potassium, sodium, oxygen difluoride. Incompatible with aluminum-titanium alloy, barium acetylide, ethanol, formamide, halogens, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, oxygen, pyridine, pyrogallic acid, salicylic acid sodium hydride, sodium salicylate, sulfides, and other materials. IODIC ACIODIC ACID, POTASSIUM SALT (7758-05-6) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances,
658
IODINE
manganese dioxide, arsenic, finely divided metals or carbon materials, hydrides of alkali metals or alkaline earths, metal cyanides, metal thiocyanates, phosphonium iodide, red phosphorus, sulfides, sulfur, xenon tetrafluoride. Forms explosive compounds with solid organic matter. Attacks chemically active metals (e.g., aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.).
IODINE (7553-56-2) A powerful oxidizer. Material or vapors react violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, alkali metals, acetylene, acetaldehyde, antimony, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hydride, cesium, cesium oxide, chlorine trifluoride, copper hydride, dipropylmercury, fluoride, francium, lithium, metal acetylides, metal carbides, nickel monoxide, nitryl fluoride, perchloryl perchlorate, polyacetylene, powdered metals, rubidium, phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sulfur, sulfur trioxide, tetraamine, trioxygen difluoride. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive compounds with ammonia, silver azide, potassium, sodium, oxygen difluoride. Incompatible with aluminum-titanium alloy, barium acetylide, ethanol, formamide, halogens, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, oxygen, pyridine, pyrogallic acid, salicylic acid sodium hydride, sodium salicylate, sulfides, and other materials. IODINE CHLORIDE (7790-99-0) Decomposes explosively below 207"F/97"C. Decomposes on contact with water, steam, alcohols. Reacts violently, causes ignition, or explodes on contact with organic matter, finely divided or foil aluminum or other metals, cadmium sulfide, lead sulfide, organic substances, potassium, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, rubber, silver sulfide, sodium, sulfur, zinc sulfide.
IODIO (Italian) (7553-56-2) A powerful oxidizer. Material or vapors react violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, alkali metals, acetylene, acetaldehyde, antimony, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hydride, cesium, cesium oxide, chlorine trifluoride, copper hydride, dipropylmercnry, fluoride, francium, lithium, metal acetylides, metal carbides, nickel monoxide, nitryl fluoride, perchloryl perchlorate, polyacetylene, powdered metals, rubidium. phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sulfur, sulfur trioxide, tetraamine, trioxygen difluoride. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive compounds with ammonia, silver azide, potassium, sodium, oxygen difluoride. Incompatible with aluminumtitanium alloy, barium acetylide, ethanol, formamide, halogens, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, oxygen, pyridine, pyrogallic acid, salicylic acid sodium hydride, sodium salicylate, sulfides, and other materials. IODOETHANE (75-03-6) Combustible liquid. Reacts with water, steam, or moisture in air, forming hydrogen iodide. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Forms explosive heat-, friction-, shock-sensitive compound with silver chlorite.
IODOMETANO (Italian) (74-88-4) Heat, light, and moisture contribute to instability. Reacts slowly with water, steam, or moisture in air, forming corrosive hydrogen iodide. Violent reaction with oxygen (above S70"F/29X°C), silver chlorite, trialkylphosphines. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, sodium. Forms explosive heat-, friction-, shock-sensitive compound with silver chlorite. IODOMETHANE (74-88-4) Heat, light, and moisture contribute to instability. Reacts slowly with water, steam, or moisture in air, forming corrosive hydrogen iodide. Violent reaction with oxygen (above 570°F/298"C), silver chlorite, trialkylphosphines. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, sodium. Formb explosive heat-, friction-, shock-sensitivecompound with silver chlorite.
IRON FLUORIDE
659
IODURE de METHYLE (French) (74-88-4) Heat, light, and moisture contribute to instability. Reacts slowly with water, steam, or moisture in air, forming corrosive hydrogen iodide. Violent reaction with oxygen (above S70°F/298"C), silver chlorite, trialkylphosphines. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, sodium. Forms explosive heat-, friction-, shock-sensitive compound with silver chlorite. IOPEZITE (7778-50-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylamine, iron powder, nitric acid, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, tungsten and zirconium dusts. Mixture with sulfuric acid forms chromic acid. Incompatible with ethylene glycol, iron, tungsten. IRON AMMONIUM SULFATE (10045-89-3) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, ammonium perchlorate, mercury(I1) dinitrate, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide, tetranitromethane. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. IRON(I1) CHLORIDE (7758-94-3) Contact with ethylene oxide may initiate polymerization. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(S-tetrazoyl)triazene, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Aqueous solution attacks metals. IRON(II1) CHLORIDE (7705-08-0) Very hygroscopic; contact with moisture in air forms ferric chloride hexahydrate. Aqueous solution is highly acidic, precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts, and forming corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with strong bases, ally1 chloride, bromine pentafluoride, ethylene oxide, oxygen difluoride. Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive is formed with potassium, sodium, potassium-sodium alloy, and possibly other active metals. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. IRON DICHLORIDE (7758-94-3) Contact with ethylene oxide may initiate polymerization. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(S-tetrazoyl)tazene,potassium, sodium. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Aqueous solution attacks metals. IRON FLUORIDE (7783-50-8) Forms acid solution in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid,
660
IRON NITRATE or IRON(II1) NITRATE
alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates. vinyl acetate.
IRON NITRATE or IRON(II1) NITRATE (10421-48-4) Not flammable but will intensify fire. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with l ,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Incompatible with sodium salicylate, 2-naphthol. Aqueous solution is corrosive to metals.
IRON(0US) SULFATE (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. IRON OXIDE, IRON(II1) OXIDE, or IRON OXIDE RED (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. IRON PERCHLORIDE (7705-08-0) Very hygroscopic; contact with moisture in air forms ferric chloride hexahydrate. Aqueous solution is highly acidic, precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts, and forming corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with strong bases, ally1 chloride, bromine pentafluoride, ethylene oxide, oxygen difluoride. Shock- and frictionsensitive explosive is formed with potassium, sodium, potassium-sodium alloy, and possibly other active metals. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. IRON PERSULFATE (10028-22-5) Light-sensitive. Hygroscopic; hydrolyzed slowly in water, forming acid solution and precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution (often shipped as 73% solution) is incompatible with sulfuric acid, aluminum, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. Corrosive to copper, its alloys, and both mild and galvanized steel.
IRON-SILICON ALLOY (8049-17-0) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture in air. Reacts with water, producing toxic fumes and explosive hydrogen and acetylene gases. Strong oxidizers can cause ignition and explosions, especially with finely divided material. Reaction with acid, acid fumes, or oxidizers can cause the emission of toxic fumes. Incompatible with sodium hydroxide. IRON SULFATE or IRON(I1) SULFATE (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines,
ISOACETOPHORONE
661
alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
IRON(II1) SULFATE (10028-22-5) Light-sensitive. Hygroscopic; hydrolyzed slowly in water, forming acid solution and precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution (often shipped as 73% solution) is incompatible with sulfuric acid, aluminum, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. Corrosive to copper, its alloys, and both mild and galvanized steel.
IRON(I1) SULFATE, HEPTAHYDRATE (7782-63-0) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. IRON TERSULFATE (10028-22-5) Light-sensitive. Hygroscopic; hydrolyzed slowly in water, forming acid solution and precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution (often shipped as 73% solution) is incompatible with sulfuric acid, aluminum, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. Corrosive to copper, its alloys, and both mild and galvanized steel. IRON TRICHLORIDE (7705-08-0) Very hygroscopic; contact with moisture in air forms ferric chloride hexahydrate. Aqueous solution is highly acidic, precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts, and forming corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with strong bases, ally1 chloride, bromine pentafluoride, ethylene oxide, oxygen difluoride. Shock- and friction-sensitive explosive is formed with potassium, sodium, potassium-sodium alloy, and possibly other active metals. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
IRON TRINITRATE (10421-48-4) Not flammable but will intensify fire. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Incompatible with sodium salicylate, 2-naphthol. Aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. IRON VITRIOL (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
ISOACETOPHORONE (78-59-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 184"F/S4"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, resins, and rubber.
662
ISOAMYL ACETATE
ISOAMYL ACETATE (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Attacks asbestos; softens and dissolves many plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOAMYL ALCOHOL (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/43"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. sec-ISOAMYL ALCOHOL (582-75-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts violently with aliphatic amines, alkalis, ammonium persulfate, boranes, bromine dioxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, uranium fluoride. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOAMYL ETHANOATE (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Attacks asbestos; softens and dissolves many plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOAMYL FORMATE (110-45-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOAMYL HYDRIDE (78-78-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -59"F/-5 l°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOAMYL METHANOATE (110-45-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOAMYOL (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/ 43°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1,3-ISOBENZOFURANDIONE (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/ 152°C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyIiron)-2-propen- 1-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL
663
ISOBUTANAL (78-84-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1OF/ - 18°C). Oxidizes slowly in air, forming isobutyric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines. ISOBUTANE (75-28-5) Flammable gas (flash point - 1 13"F/-8loC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with acetylene, halogens, and nitrous oxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOBUTANOL (78-83-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/ 28°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium(II1) oxide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, alkaline metals, and alkali earth. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with aluminum at elevated temperatures, forming flammable hydrogen gas. ISOBUTANOL AMINE or ISOBUTANOL-2-AMINE (124-68-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. ISOBUTENE (115-11-7) Flammable gas (flash point 20"F/
> -7°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers.
ISOHEXYL ALCOHOL (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 106"F/4 1"C). Contact with alkali metals produces flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISONLTROPROPANE (79-46-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75"F/24"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, hydrocarbons, hydroxides: calcium or potassium hydroxide, oleum. May explode on heating (bums even in absence of air), causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Decomposition is promoted by the presence of acids, amines, or bases. Forms heat-, friction-, or shocksensitive explosive products with acids, amines, inorganic bases, mercury salts, nitrous acid, silver salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the explosive sensitivity of this compound. Incompatible with isocyanates, potassium hydride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOOCTANE (540-84-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 11"F/ - 12°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric zcid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
670
ISOOCTANOL
ISOOCTANOL (26952-21-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. ISOOCTENE (11071-47-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 23"F/ -5°C). May be able to form unstable and explosive peroxides. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOOCTYL ALCOHOL (26952-21-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 180"FI 82°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. ISOOCTYL PHTHALATE (27554-26-3) Combustible liquid but difficult to ignite (flash point 45OoF/232"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPENTALDEHYDE (107-83-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2OT-9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPENTANE (78-78-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -59"F/ -5 l°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPENTYL ACETATE (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Attacks asbestos; softens and dissolves many plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOPENTYL ALCOHOL (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/43"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOPENTYL ALCOHOL FORMATE (110-45-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPENTYL ALCOHOL NITRITE (110-46-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- 18'C). Prolonged contact with light, air, or water causes decomposition, producing oxides of nitrogen. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and other strong oxidizers. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. ISOPENTYL FORMATE (110-45-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 73"F/23"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPRENO
671
ISOPENTYL NITRITE (110-46-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- 18OC). Prolonged contact with light, air, or water causes decomposition, producing oxides of nitrogen. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and other strong oxidizers. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. ISOPHORONE (78-59-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 184"F/84"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, resins, and rubber. ISOPHORONE DIAMINE (2855-13-2) Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum and steel in the presence of moisture. ISOPHORONE DIAMINE DIISOCYANATE (4098-71-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 2 12"F/100"C). Reacts with water, forming cyanic acid. Incompatible with acids, caustics, alcohols, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, amides, caprolactam, glycols, mercaptans, strong oxidizers. ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE (4098-71-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 212"F/1OO0C). Reacts with water, forming cyanic acid. Incompatible with acids, caustics, alcohols, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, amides, caprolactam, glycols, mercaptans, strong oxidizers. ISOPHTHALIC ACID (88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point 334"F/168"C). Dust and powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite. ISOPRENE (78-79-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -63"FI -53°C). Easily forms unstable peroxides; elevated temperatures, sunlight, peroxides, oxidizers, ozone can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with oxidizers, reducing agents, vinylamine, acetic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and possibly other acids. Incompatible with acetone. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. Store under inert atmosphere (preferably nitrogen) with at least 50 ppm tert-butylcatechol present as an inhibitor. ISOPRENO (Spanish) (78-79-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 63"F/- 53°C). Easily forms unstable peroxides; elevated temperatures, sunlight, peroxides, oxidizers, ozone can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with oxidizers, reducing agents, vinylamine, acetic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and possibly other acids. Incompatible with acetone. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. Store under inert atmosphere (preferably nitrogen) with at least 50 ppm tert-butylcatechol present as an inhibitor.
672
ISOPROPANOL
ISOPROPANOL (67-63-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/12"C). Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, crotonaldehyde, phosgene. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPROPANOLAMINE (78-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 159"F/7 1 "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, 2,4-hexadienal, nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, nitrocompounds, perchlorates. May attack aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ISOPROPENE CYANIDE (126-98-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Polymerization may occur due to elevated temperature, visible light, or contact with a concentrated alkali. Contact with strong acids, strong bases, or light exposure may cause violent polymerization. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, sodium nitrate.
ISOPROPENYL BENZENE (98-83-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 129"F/S4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, butyl lithium, oleum, xenon tetrafluoride. Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Incompatible with acids. Reacts with heat and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration, and/or contact with catalysts for vinyl or ionic polymerization, such as aluminum, iron chloride, or 2.5-dimethyl-2,sdi(tert-buty1peroxy)hexane. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
ISOPROPENYL CARBINOL (513-42-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, perchloric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
ISOPROPENYL METHYL KETONE (814-78-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 68"F/2OoC).Violent reaction with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, strong oxidizers. Contact with hydrogen peroxide can form unstable peroxides; heat and/or inappropriate level of inhibitor may cause polymerization. ISOPROPENYLNITRILE (126-98-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5SoF/13°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Polymerization may occur due to elevated temperature, visible light, or contact with a concentrated alkali. Contact with strong acids, strong bases, or light exposure may cause violent polymerization. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, sodium nitrate.
ISOPROPYLACETONE
673
ISOPROPILAMINA (Spanish) (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -58"F/-50°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins, holocarbons, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane. Contact with perchloryl fluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper compounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and its alloys, zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPROPILBENZENE (Italian) (98-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92OF133"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, oleum, oxygen. Unless inhibited, it can form unstable peroxides. Prolonged exposure to air forms the highly reactive oxidizer cumene hydroperoxide. Attacks rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPILE (ACETATO di) (Italian) (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPROPILMECAPTANO(Spanish) (75-33-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -31°F/-35"C). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-ISOPROPOXYETHANOL(109-59-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. 2-ISOPROPOXY PROPANE (108-20-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-2S°C). Exceptionally vulnerable to the formation of unstable peroxides that precipitate as dry crystalline material and may detonate with heat, shock, sunlight, or friction. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, propionyl chloride, strong acids, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPROPYL ACETATE (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPROPYLACETONE (108-10-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with air andor hydrogen peroxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, reducing agents. Dissolves some plastics, resins, and rubber.
674
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL (67-63-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/12"C). Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, crotonaldehyde, phosgene. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkyizincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlnrocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPYLAMINE (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -58"F/-50°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins, holocarbons, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane.Contact with perchloryl fluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper compounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and its alloys, zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPYLAMINEDODECYLBENZENESULFONATE (42504-46-1) Com-bustible solid. (flash point liquid >3OO0F/149"C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. ISOPROPYL BENZENE (98-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, oleum, oxygen. Unless inhibited, it can form unstable peroxides. Prolonged exposure to air forms the highly reactive oxidizer cumene hydroperoxide. Attacks rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPYLBENZENE HYDROPEROXIDE (80-15-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, combustible materials, metallic salts of cobalt, organic materials, copper, lead. Explosive decomposition may occur above 1 2O"F/5O0C. Corrodes or reacts with materials containing metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPYL BENZOL (98-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, oleum, oxygen. Unless inhibited, it can form unstable peroxides. Prolonged exposure to air forms the highly reactive oxidizer cumene hydroperoxide. Attacks rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPYLCARBINOL (78-83-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/2SDC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium(II1) oxide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, alkaline metals, and alkali earth. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with aluminum at elevated temperatures, forming flammable hydrogen gas.
ISOPROPYL GLYCIDYL ETHER
675
ISOPROPYL CHLORIDE (75-29-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -25"F/-32"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkaline earth metals, aluminum powder, potassium, sodium. Mixtures with divalent metals slowly form explosive materials. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPROPYLCUMYLHYDROPEROXIDE (26762-93-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers or reducing agents. Rapid decomposition may be caused by chemically active metals: aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
ISOPROPYL CYANIDE (78-82-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 47OF18"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. ISOPROPYL CYCLOHEXANE (696-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 96"F/36"C; also reported at 143"F/62"C). Incompatible with aldehydes, strong oxidizers, acids. Reacts with sulfuric acid to form an explosive. Heat causes explosive decomposition; acidic materials increase thermal sensitivity. ISOPROPYL 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETATE (94-11-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOPROPYL EPOXYPROPYL ETHER (4016-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Air and light cause formation of unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkalis, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. ISOPROPYL ETHER (108-20-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/- 28°C). Exceptionally vulnerable to the formation of unstable peroxides that precipitate as dry crystalline material and may detonate with heat, shock, sunlight, or friction. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, propionyl chloride, strong acids, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPYL FORMATE (625-55-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 22"F/-6"C). Reacts with water, forming isopropyl alcohol and formic acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, amines, alkanolamines, iron salts, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitrates, sulfuric acid. ISOPROPYLFORMIC ACID (79-31-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 132"F/56"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks aluminum and other metals. ISOPROPYL GLYCIDYL ETHER (4016-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Air and light cause formation of unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkalis, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. Attacks some rubbers and plastics.
676
ISOPROPYL GLYCOL
ISOPROPYL GLYCOL (109-59-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. ISOPROPYLIDENE ACETONE (141-79-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 87"F/3 1"C). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, I ,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, oleum. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, ethylene diamine. Dissolves some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks copper.
4,4'-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENO EPICHLOROHYDRIN RESIN (1675-54-8)
Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Unstable ethers form peroxides on contact with air and light. Incompatible with strong acids, acyi halides, strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, alkalis, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
4,4'-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOLor p,p '-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL(80-
05-7) Combustible solid (flash point 404"F/207"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers.
4,4'-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL DIGLYCIDYL
ETHER (1675-54-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Unstable ethers form peroxides on contact with air and light. Incompatible with strong acids, acyl halides, strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, alkalis, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOPROPYL MERCAPTAN (75-33-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3I0F/-35"C). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis. alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 4-ISOPROPYL-1-METHYL BENZENE (99-87-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 16"F/47"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks and softens rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOPROPYL METHYL KETONE (563-80-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26T-3"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Unstable peroxides may be formed by contact with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with boranes. ISOPROPYL ORTHOTITANATE (546-68-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Reacts with water, steam, forming vapors that are toxic and flammable. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
p-ISOPROPYLTOLUENE
677
ISOPROPYLOXITOL (109-59-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92OF133"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. ISOPROPYL PERCARBONATE (105-64-6) Combustible solid (packed in dry ice) or solutions. Concentrated solutions (usually in hydrocarbons or ethers) may explode spontaneously. A powerful oxidizer. Thermally unstable, heat- and impact-sensitive explosive. Unstable above freezing/melting point of 48"F/9"C. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, amines, metal powders, potassium iodide. Peroxyacids should be kept away from transition metals as contact can cause dangerous decomposition. Storage in sealed containers may be dangerous.
ISOPROPYL PEROXYDICARBONATE (105-64-6) Combustible solid (packed in dry ice) or solutions. Concentrated solutions (usually in hydrocarbons or ethers) may explode spontaneously. A powerful oxidizer. Thermally unstable, heat- and impact-sensitive explosive. Unstable above freezing/melting point of 48"F/9"C. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, amines, metal powders, potassium iodide. Peroxyacids should be kept away from transition metals as contact can cause dangerous decomposition. Storage in sealed containers may be dangerous.
2-ISOPROPYL PHENOL (88-69-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 220"FI 104°C). Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. May attack some plastics.
o-ISOPROPYL PHENOL (88-69-7) Combustible liquid
(flash point 220°F/ 104°C). Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. May attack some plastics.
ISOPROPYLTHIOL (75-33-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3I0F/-35"C). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOPROPYL TITANATE(1V) (546-68-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72OF122"C). Reacts with water, steam, forming vapors that are toxic and flammable. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. 4-ISOPROPYL TOLUENE (99-87-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 116"F/47"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks and softens rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
p-ISOPROPYLTOLUENE (99-87-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 116"F/47"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks and softens rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
678
ISOPROPYLTOLUOL
ISOPROPYLTOLUOL (99-87-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I 1 6"F/47"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks and softens rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. (1SOPROXYMETHYL)OXIRANE(4016-08-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Air and light cause formation of unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkalis, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. ISOTHIOCYANATE de METHYLE (French) (556-61-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, chlorates (e.g., potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate), ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam solution, nitrates, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, strong oxidizers. ISOTHIOCYANICACID, METHYL ESTER (556-61-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, chlorates (e.g., potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate), ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam solution, nitrates, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, strong oxidizers. ISOTHIOCYANOMETHANE(556-61-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, chlorates (e.g., potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate), ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam solution, nitrates, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, strong oxidizers. ISOTHIOUREA (62-56-6) Aqueous solution is a base. Violent reaction with acrolein, strong acids. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, metal salts. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. ISOTOX@(58-89-9) Noncombustible, however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. ISOTRIDECANOL (112-70-9) Combustible solid (flash point 250°F/121 "C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks aluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOTRIDECYL ALCOHOL (112-70-9) Combustible solid (flash point 250"F/ 121°C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs,
ISOVALERIC ALDEHYDE
679
dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks aluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ISOTRON@-11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. ISOTRON@-12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ISOTRON@-22 (75-45-6) Mixtures with 50% air are combustible; difficult to ignite. Incompatible with aluminum, barium, beryllium, decaborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene-l,2-dioxide, potassiumsodium alloy, sodium, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Moisture and rust can cause slow decomposition, forming toxic gases. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum. ISOUREA (57-13-6) Heat or contact with hot surfaces forms anhydrous ammonia and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, inorganic chlorides, chlorites, chromyl chloride, dichromates, dicyanofurazan, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, lead dioxide, nitrates, nitrites, permanganates, perchlorates, triethylenetetramine. Ignition or explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate, chromyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride. Contact with hexanitroethane, perchloryl fluoride, sodium perchlorate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, hypochlorites, and other chlorinating agents can form the highly explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with oxalic acid, phosphorus pentachloride, sodium dichlorocyanurate. ISOVALERAL (107-83-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -20"F/ -9°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOVALERALDEHYDE (107-83-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2OoF/-9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ISOVALERIC ALDEHYDE (107-83-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2O0FI-9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
680
ISOVALERONE
ISOVALERONE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 120°F/49"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ITOPAZ@ (563-12-2) Slowly oxidized in air. Incompatible with alkaline formulations, perchluric acid. Mixtures with magnesium may be explosive. Attacks natural rubber.
IVALON@ (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/ 85°C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate; acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms his-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tamin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. IVORAN@ (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers.
IXODEX@(50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers.
IXPER@ 25M (14452-57-4) Flammable solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with moisture causes the release of oxygen and heat; may ignite spontaneously. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction or decomposition with reducing agents, catalysts, ethers, thiocyanates. Dangerous fire risk with acidic and combustible materials. May be shock- and/or heat-sensitive explosive.
J JACUTIN@ (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
JAPAN CAMPHOR (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
JAPANESE CAMPHOR OIL (8008-51-3)Forms explosive mixture with air (1 17"F/47"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphtho1, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
JAPANESE OIL of CAMPHOR OIL (8008-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (1 17"F/47"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizer?, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
JASAD@(7440-66-6) Extremely flammable solid. Unless stabilized, dust or powder forms a pyrophoric mixture with air. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, chromic anhydride, manganese chloride, chlorates, chlorine, magnesium, sulfur, halogenated hydrocarbons, 4,4'-methylene bis(2-chloroaniline), and many other substances, causing fire and explosion hazard. Reacts with aqueous solutions of arsenicals: dimethylarsinic acid, etc. Reacts with water and violently with acids, alkali hydroxides, and bases, forming highly flammable hydrogen gas. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow.
JASMOLIN (I) or JASMOLIN (11) (8003-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 180"-190"F/82"-88"C oc). The presence of light, heat, moisture, and air contributes to instability; hydrolyzed by oxygen andor sunlight. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with alkalis.
JAYFLEX@ DTDP (119-06-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 47OoF/243"C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
JDB-50-T@ (78-18-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (tlash point 11 I O F / 44°C cc). A strong oxidizer. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage and may be sensitive to heat and shock. Reacts violently with combustible materials, reducing agents, organic substances, finely divided metals, caustics, ammonia. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics. 681
682
JEFFERSOL@EB
JEFFERSOL@EB (111-76-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 143"F/62"C). May be able to form unstable and explosive peroxides upon standing; elevated temperatures may cause explosion. Reacts with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, strong oxidizers. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks light metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Attacks metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
JEFFERSOL@EE (110-80-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1OnF/43"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Able to form peroxides. Incompatible with strong acids. Attacks rubber and some coatings.
JEFFERSOL@ EM (109-86-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/39"C). May form unstable peroxides in storage, with heat, or on contact with oxidizers. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Strong bases cause decomposition. Attacks many metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
JEFFOX@(25322-69-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/198"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
JET A or JET A-1 (8008-20-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100-150"F/38-66"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
JEWELER'S ROUGE (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys.
JOD (German) (7553-56-2) A powerful oxidizer. Material or vapors react violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, alkali metals, acetylene, acetaldehyde, antimony, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hydride, cesium, cesium oxide, chlorine trifluoride, copper hydride, dipropylmercury, fluoride, francium, lithium, metal acetylides, metal carbides, nickel monoxide, nitryl fluoride, perchloryl perchlorate, polyacetylene, powdered metals, rubidium, phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sulfur, sulfur trioxide, tetraamine, trioxygen difluoride. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive compounds with ammonia, silver azide, potassium, sodium, oxygen difluoride. Incompatible with alurninumtitanium alloy, barium acetylide, ethanol, forrnamide, halogens, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, oxygen, pyridine. pyrogallic acid, salicylic acid sodium hydride, sodium salicylate, sulfides, and other materials.
KADMIUM (German) (7440-43-9) Air exposure, especially of powdered form, may cause chemical to self-ignite. Finely divided material reacts violently with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, bromine pentafluoride, lithium, nitryl fluoride, phosphorus trichloride, potassium chlorate, carbon dioxide heat, hydrozoic acid, nitric oxide, tellurium. Contact with acid forms explosive hydrogen gas. Contact with hexafluorobenzene forms a heatsensitive explosive compound. May react with selenium, elemental sulfur, zinc.
+
KADMIUM CHLORID (German) (10108-64-2) Violent reaction with bromium trifluoride, potassium. Contact with acids, acid fumes forms toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, elemental sulfur, selenium, tellurium. Austenitic stainless steels are susceptible to pitting attack and stress corrosion in the presence of chlorides. KADOX@-25(1314-13-2) Incompatible with linseed oil, magnesium, chlorinated rubber (at 419"F/215"C). Slowly decomposed by water. KALIUM (German and Swedish) (7440-09-7) Combustible solid; many reactions can cause fire and explosions. A dangerous explosion hazard; may ignite spontaneously on contact with air. Violent reaction with water, causing spattering and forming heat, corrosive potassium hydroxide, and explosive hydrogen. The heat from the reaction can cause ignition or explosion of the hydrogen that is generated. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with many substances, including oxidizers, organic materials, strong acids, alcohols, carbons, carbonates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing explosives, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrates, oxides, metal and nonmetal halides, mercury, peroxides, phosphates, silicates, sulfates, hydroxides of heavy metals, acetylene, carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, hydrazine, maleic anhydride, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, selenium, sodium, tellurium, and many other substances. Incompatible with
[email protected] oxidation and able to form unstable peroxides under normal conditions of temperature and storage. Potassium metal containing an oxide coating is an extremely dangerous explosion hazard and should be removed and destroyed. Oxidation and formation of peroxides can occur even when material is packaged under inert gas, kerosene, or mineral oil. See supplier's MSDS for storage and handling recommendations. Burning material is difficult to extinguish; use Class D extinguishers, or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, or clay, and no other extinguishers. KALIUMCHLORAT (German) (3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/4OO0C, this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, 683
684
KALIUM-CYANID
sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene,germanium, hydriodic acid.
KALIUM-CYANID (German) (151-50-8) Reacts with moisture in air, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acid materials, oxidizers, fluorine, sodium chlorate. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, a1kylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam, strong oxidizers, sodium chlorate. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Incompatible with chlorates, gold, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. KALIUMDICHROMAT (German) (7778-50-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylamine, iron powder, nitric acid, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, tungsten and zirconium dusts. Mixture with sulfuric acid form chromic acid. Incompatible with ethylene glycol, iron, tungsten. KALIUMHYDROXID (German) (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p h i s ( 1,3-dibromoethyl)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloroform, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol, tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, N-nitrosohydroxylamine, I , I, I ,2-tetrachloroethane. Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas.
KALIUMPERMANGANAT (German) (7722-64-7) A dangerous fire and explosion hazard; isolate from all other materials. Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction or explosion on contact with combustible materials, organic substances, reducing agents, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, alcohols, aluminum carbide, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium nitrate, anilinium nitrate, antimony, finely divided arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethers, formaldehyde, glycerol, glycols, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxylamine, 2-naphtho1, phosphorus, polypropylene, powdered sulfur, pyrogallic acid, titanium, 3,4,4’-trimethyldiphenylsulfone, xenon tetrafluoride. Forms heat- and
KARBATOX~
685
shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium perchlorate, arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, phosphorus, sulfur, sulfuric acid (forms unstable manganese heptaoxide), titanium. Incompatible with nitric acid, producing chlorine fumes.
KALOMEL (German) (10112-91-1; 7546-30-7) Violent reaction with sodium. Incompatible with alkali chlorides, ammonia, bromides, carbonates, cocaine hydrochloride, cyanides, copper salts, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxides, iodides, iodine, iodoform, lead salts, potassium iodide, silver salts, sulfates, sulfides, sulfites. KALPHOS@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. KAM@1000 or KAM@2000 (57-11-4) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C; molten 410"- 435"F/21Oo-224"C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks chemically active metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and zinc. KAMFOCHLOR@(8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash pont 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 1"F/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. KAMPFER (German) (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. KANECHLOR (1336-36-3), KANECHLOR 300 (37353-63-2), KANECHLOR 400 (12737-87-0), or KANECHLOR 500 (37317-412) See PCBs. KAPTAX@(149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 1162"F1628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat and/or contact with acids or acid fumes cause decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. KARBANIL@(103-71-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 122"F/5O0C). Reacts with water and alcohol; violent reaction with hot water, steam, evolving heat, carbon dioxide, and cyanide fumes. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, ammonia, glycols, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, caprolactum, mercaptans, strong acids, strong bases. Attacks steel, copper, and its alloys. KARBASPRAY@(63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. KARBATOX@(63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point.
686
KARBOFOS@
KARBOFOS@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. KARBOSEP@(63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. KARLAN@(299-84-3) Temperatures above 3OO0F/15O0Cmay cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. KARSAN@ (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/ 85°C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. KARSTENITE (7778-18-9) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, diazomethane, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, red phosphorus, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. May form explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. KAUTSCHIN@ (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/ 42°C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. KAYAFUME@(74-83-9) Combustible gas, but not easily ignited; it has narrow flammability limits in air (10-16% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts with water. Attacks aluminum to form pyrophoric alkyl aluminum salts. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, metals, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene oxide, water. Attacks zinc, magnesium, alkali metals, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. KAYAZINON@(333-41-5) A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers.
KENAPON~
687
KAYAZOL@(333-41-5) A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers. KAZOE (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 525"F/274"C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals: copper, its alloys, lead, silver, mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibromomalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene. K-BRITE@(7775-14-6) Combustible solid. Finely dispersed dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with water, moist air, or steam emits sulfur dioxide and heat, with risk of spontaneous combustion. Contact with acids produces sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion on contact with oxidizers, sodium chlorite. Elevated temperatures above 122"F/5O0Cmay cause violent thermal decomposition, producing sodium sulfate and sulfur dioxide. When dissolving, always slowly add this material to water. KCN (151-50-8) Reacts with moisture in air, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acid materials, oxidizers, fluorine, sodium chlorate. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam, strong oxidizers, sodium chlorate. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Incompatible with chlorates, gold, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. KELENE (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58"F/-5O0C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
KEL@F MONOMER (79-38-9) Flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). Unless inhibited (terpenes and 1% tributylamine are recommended), this material forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine perchlorate, fluorine, ethylene, dichloroethylene, oxygen. Incompatible with chlorine trifluoride, vinylidene chloride. KELTHANE@,p,p-KELTHANE@, or KELTHANETHANOL@ (11532-2) This material is unstable in aqueous alkali; hydrolyzes, forming dichlorobenzophenone and chloroform. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. KENAPON@(75-99-0) Corrosive to iron, aluminum, and copper.
688
KERALYT~
KERALYT@(69-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point 31 5"F/157"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture in air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, ethyl nitrite, iodine, iron salts, lead diacetate. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. KEROSINE (8008-20-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100-1 50"F/ 38-66°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
KESSODRATE@(302-17-0) Reacts with strong bases, producing chloroform and formate. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. KETEN or KETENE (463-51-4) Slowly hydrolyzes in water, releasing ammonia and forming acetate salts. This process is accelerated with heat in an acid or caustic environment. Reacts vigorously with water and a wide variety of organic compounds. Forms explosive compound when mixed with hydrogen peroxide. Can dimerize to diketene even at low temperatures; diketene forms an explosive mixture with air (flash point 90°F/32"C). Reacts with ammonia, forming acetamide. Reacts violently with oxidizers, forming unstable and explosive diacetyl peroxides; violent polymerization is possible. KETENE DIMER (674-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 91°F/33"C). Violent reaction with water, oxidizers. Violent polymerization or explosion caused by elevated temperatures, acids, amines, bases, or sodium acetate. Incompatible with alcohols, halons. A storage hazard; can decompose, causing explosion; add inhibitor. KETOETHYLENE (463-51-4) Slowly hydrolyzes in water, releasing ammonia and forming acetate salts. This process is accelerated with heat in an acid or caustic environment. Reacts vigorously with water and a wide variety of organic compounds. Forms explosive compound when mixed with hydrogen peroxide. Can dimerize to diketene even at low temperatures; diketene forms an explosive mixture with air (flash point 90°F/32"C). Reacts with ammonia, forming acetamide. Reacts violently with oxidizers, forming unstable and explosive diacetyl peroxides; violent polymerization is possible.
2-KETOHEPTANE (110-43-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/38"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
KETOHEXAMETHYLENE (108-94-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 11°F/44"C).Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid above 165"F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-KETOHEXAMETHYLENZMINE (105-60-2) Combustible solid 23O0F/110°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
(flash point
KING'S GREEN@
689
KETONE (67-64-1)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2"F/- 19OC). Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal, aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chromic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride, iodoform, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (90%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl- 1,3-butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester. PVC, Neoprene, %ton@). KETONOX@ (1338-23-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12S°F/ 5 IOC). Explosive decomposition occurs above 176"F/8O0C. Pure substance is a shocksensitive explosive. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with aldehydes, amines, strong acids, strong bases, reducing agents, combustible substances, hydrogen peroxide, organic materials. oxides of heavy metals, perchloric acid, salts, trace contaminants. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
P-KETOPROPANE (67-64-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 2 T - 19OC). Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal, aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chromic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride, iodoform, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (90%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl- 1,3-butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester, PVC, Neoprene, Viton@).
2-KETO-1,7,7-TRIMETHYLNORCAMPHANE (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 1SS"F166"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. KH@-360(13463-67-7)Powders or dust react with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with aluminum, calcium, hydrazine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, especially at elevated temperatures. Dust or powder can ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere.
KING'S GREEN@(12002-03-8)Contact with strong oxidizers like chlorine, fluorine, peroxides may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or niay form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides, with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate.
690
KING'S YELLOWQ
KING'S YELLOW@(1303-33-9) Contact with water or steam releases hydrogen sulfide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, sodium sulfide, sulfur, potassium nitrate. Contact with acids and acid fumes produces highly toxic fumes of arsenic, hydrogen sulfide. and sulfur dioxide. KOBALT (German) (7440-48-4) An extreme fire hazard. Pyrophoric; particles or dust can self-ignite in air. Violent reaction with acetylene, ammonium nitrate, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, cumene hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide (90%), nitryl fluoride, organic peroxides; forms explosive mixture with potassium chlorate. Incompatible with sodium borohydride. Capable of promoting the decomposition of many organic materials. KOBALT CHLORID (German) (7646-79-9; 7791-13-1, hexahydrate) Cobalt compounds can react with oxidizers, acetylene. Contact with acids or acid fumes can produce highly toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with metals; can cause pitting attack and stress corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. KOHLENDIOXYD (German) (124-38-9) Reacts violently with strong bases and alkali metals. Metal dusts of chemically active metals such as aluminum, chromium, manganese, magnesium, titanium, zirconium are ignitable and explosive when suspended and heated in carbon dioxide. Incompatible with acrolein, amines, anhydrous ammonia, aziridine, metal acetylides, cesium monoxide, lithium, potassium, sodium, sodium carbide, sodium-potassium alloy, sodium peroxide, titanium. High flow or discharge rates from storage cylinders or fire extinguishers can cause buildup of static electricity, which can produce sparks and ignite any flammables or explosives. KOHLENDISULFID (SCHWEFELKOHLENSTOFF) (German) (75-15-0) Highly reactive. Shock, friction, or concussion can cause explosive decomposition. May ignite spontaneously on contact with air, or with hot surfaces, releasing toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide. Forms explosive mixture with air (Hash point -22T-30"C). Contact with metal oxides can lower ignition point. Its vapor may cause ignition or explosion of finely divided aluminum, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, chlorine, phosphorus oxychloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive with potassium, potassium azide, alloys of potassiudsodium. Ignition or violent reaction with strong oxidizers, releasing sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide, reducing agents, alkali metals, nitrogen oxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aluminum, azides, carbon monoxide, chlorine monoxide, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, halogens, lithium azide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, organic amines, zinc. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber, and coating. May attack copper and its alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
KOHLENMONOXID (German) (630-08-0) Flaminable gas; forms extremely explosive mixture with air. A strong reducing agent. Violent and/or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, oxygen, bromine pentatluoride, bromine trifluoride, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, halogens, iron oxide, nitrogen trifluoride, peroxydisulfuryl difluoride, silver oxide. Mixtures with cesium monoxide, copper perchlorate, potassium, oxygen difluoride, or sodium form explosive compounds that are heat-, spark-, impact-, or water-sensitive.
KOHLENSAEURE (German) (124-38-9) Reacts violently with strong bases and alkali metals. Metal dusts of chemically active metals such as aluminum, chromium, manganese, magnesium, titanium, zirconium are ignitable and explosive when suspended and heated in
KYPTHION
691
carbon dioxide. Incompatible with acrolein, amines, anhydrous ammonia, aziridine, metal acetylides, cesium monoxide, lithium, potassium, sodium, sodium carbide, sodiumpotassium alloy, sodium peroxide, titanium. High flow or discharge rates from storage cylinders or fire extinguishers can cause buildup of static electricity, which can produce sparks and ignite any flammables or explosives.
KRESOLE (German) (1319-77-3) Combustible solid or liquid (flash point > 178"F/ >8 l°C). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid (oleum). Liquid attacks most plastics and rubber, although butyl rubber and Teflon@have high resistance to permeation. Attacks many metals. KRONOS@, KRONOS@-CL-220, KRONOS@-RN-40P/RN-56,KRONOS@ 1000, KRONOS@ 2020, KRONOS@2073, KRONOS@ 3020, or KRONOS@TITANIUM DIOXIDE (13463-67-7) Powders or dust react with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with aluminum, calcium, hydrazine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, especially at elevated temperatures. Dust or powder can ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. KROTILINE (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/180°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. KUPPERSULFAT (German) (7758-98-7) Violent reaction with strong bases, hydroxylamine, magnesium. Contact with potassium chlorate is potentially explosive. Incompatible with acetylene. Aqueous solution is an acid incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. KYPCHLOR (57-74-9) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. High heat and contact with alkaline solutions cause decomposition with the production of toxic fumes, including chlorine, phosgene, hydrogen chloride. Attacks iron, zinc, plastics, rubber, and coatings. KYPFOS (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. KYPTHION (56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
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L LACTATE d'ETHYLE (French) (97-64-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115"F/46"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitrates. dl-LACTIC ACID (598-82-3) Aqueous solution is an organic acid; violent reaction with caustic materials, fluorine, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. LACTIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER (138-22-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 160"F/ 71°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong bases, acids. LACTIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (97-64-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115"F/46"C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitrates. LACTOBARYT (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. LANADIN (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. LANARKITE (7446-14-2) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium. LANSTAN@(600-25-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 144"F/62"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkaline earth metals, aluminum powder, potassium, sodium. May 693
694
LAPIS INFERNALIS
accumulate static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
LAPIS INFERNALIS (7761-88-8) A powerful oxidizer. Forms friction- and shocksensitive compounds with many materials, including acetylene, anhydrous ammonia (produces compounds that are explosive when dry), 1,3-butadiyne, buten-3-yne, calcium carbide, dicopper acetylide. Contact with hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Violent reaction with chlorine trifluoride, metal powders, nitrous acid, phosphonium iodide, red or yellow phosphorus, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylides, acrylonitrile, alcohols, alkalis, ammonium hydroxide, arsenic, arsenites, bromides, carbonates, carbon materials, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, cocaine chloride, hypophosphites, iodides, iodoform, magnesium, methyl acetylene, phosphates, phosphine, salts of antimony or iron, sodium salicylate, tannic acid, tartrates, thiocyanates. Attacks chemically active metals and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
LARVACIDE@(76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. LATEX@or LATEX@,LIQUID SYNTHETIC (9016-00-6) Reacts in elevated temperatures and with sulfuric and other strong acids, forming a coagulated, gummy, flammable material. Incompatible with isocy anates. LAUGHING GAS (10024-97-2) May form explosive mixture with flammable and reactive gases, including anhydrous ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitryl fluoride, phosphine. Nonflammable but supports combustion; as temperature increases above 572"F/300°C, it becomes both a strong oxidizer and self-reactive. Pyrophoric at elevated temperatures. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum, ammonia, boron, hydrazine, lithium hydride, sodium, tungsten carbide. LAUREL CAMPHOR (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
LAURIC ACID (143-07-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230°F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. LAURIC ALCOHOL (112-53-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
LAURYL METHACRYLATE
695
LAUROSTEARIC ACID (143-07-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/
>110°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. LAUROX@(105-74-8) A flammable solid (flash point 230"F/ >1 IOOC). Unless inhibited (90-1 20 ppm hydroquinone recommended), able to form unstable peroxides. Strong oxidizers or reducing agents may cause polymerization, fire, or explosions.
696
LAUXTOLO or LAUXTOL@A
LAUXTOL@or LAUXTOL@A (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. LAVATAR@ (8007-45-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6Oo-77"F/ 1So-2SoC cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. LAWN-KEEP@(94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/180°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. LAWRENCITE (7758-94-3) Contact with ethylene oxide may initiate polymerization. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Aqueous solution attacks metals. LAXINATE@ (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. LEAD (7439-92-1) Dust or powders form flammable or explosive mixture with air. Powder reacts violently with ammonium nitrate, sodium acetylide, strong oxidizers. Reacts with and/or forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive products with ammonia, chlorine trifluoride, N,N'-dinitro- 1,2-diaminoethane, disodium acetylide, hydrogen peroxide (concentrated), hydrazoic acids, isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, methyl isocyanoacetate, nitryl fluoride, oxidizers, picric acid, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, sodium azide, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. LEAD ACETATE or LEAD(I1) ACETATE (301-04-2) Contact with strong acids forms acetic acid. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, citrates, cresols, chloral hydrate, chlorides, carbonates, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, potassium bromate, phenols, phosphates, resorcinol, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, sulfites, tartrates, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. LEAD ACETATE(II), TRIHYDRATE (6080-56-4) Contact with acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with bases, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, cresols, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, phenols, salicylic acid sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, strong oxidizers, sulfites, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. LEAD ACID ARSENATE (7784-40-9) Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, emitting arsenic fumes. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with sodium acetylide. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. May form impactsensitive explosive materials with ethanediamine, N,N'-dinitro-, pyrogallic acid. Aqueous solutions decompose on contact with active metals, emitting fumes of arsenic.
LEAD DIFLUORIDE
697
LEAD ARSENATE (7784-40-9) Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, emitting arsenic fumes. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with sodium acetylide. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. May form impact-sensitive explosive materials with ethanediamine, N,N’-dinitro-, pyrogallic acid. Aqueous solutions decompose on contact with active metals, emitting fumes of arsenic. LEAD BROWN (1309-60-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, chlorine trifluoride, halides (nonmetal), hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal sulfides, peroxyformic acid, phenyl hydrazine, red phosphorus, seleninyl chloride, sulfinyl dichloride, powders of aluminum, boron, yellow phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur. Reacts with hydrogen chloride, forming chlorine gas. Forms sensitive explosive material with zirconium. Incompatible with acids, cesium acetylide, metal sulfides, nitrogen compounds, potassium, phosphorus trichloride, silicon, sodium, sulfur dioxide, thiocyanates, powders of molybdenum or tungsten. LEAD CARBONATE (598-63-0) Contact with hot water, acids, acid fumes, or lead oxide causes decomposition with formation of carbon dioxide. Incompatible with acids, ammonia, fluorine, germanium, hydrozoic acid, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, methyl isocyanoacetate, silver nitrate, sodium peroxyborate, titanium, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. LEAD CHLORIDE or LEAD(I1) CHLORIDE (7758-95-4) Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with calcium. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture and may cause pitting and stress corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. LEAD CHROMATE or LEAD(I1) CHROMATE (7758-97-6) Violent reaction with sulfur, iron(II1) ferrocyanide. Forms unstable, impact-sensitive, andor pyrophoric mixtures with hydrozoic acid, sodium azide, tantalum, trinitrobenzoic acid. Incompatible with azo dyes, ammonia, hydrazine, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, urea nitrate. LEAD DIACETATE (301-04-2) Contact with strong acids forms acetic acid. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, citrates, cresols, chloral hydrate, chlorides, carbonates, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, potassium bromate, phenols, phosphates, resorcinol, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, sulfites, tartrates, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. LEAD DIACETATE TRIHYDRATE (6080-56-4) Contact with acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with bases, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, cresols, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, phenols, salicylic acid sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, strong oxidizers, sulfites, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. LEAD DICHLORIDE (7758-95-4) Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with calcium. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture and may cause pitting and stress corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. LEAD DIFLUOIUDE (7783-46-2) Reacts violently with boron, fluorine, calcium carbide.
698
LEAD DINITRATE
LEAD DINITRATE (10099-74-8) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, ammonium thiocyanate, potassium hexanitrocobalite(II1) (C.I. pigment yellow), cyclopentadienyl sodium, red hot carbon, lead(I1) phosphinate, phosphorus, tin(I1) chloride. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonia, citric acid, hydrozoic acid, metal phosphinates, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, potassium acetate, strong oxidizers, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
LEAD FLUORIDE or LEAD(I1) FLUORIDE (7783-46-2) Reacts violently with boron, fluorine, calcium carbide.
LEAD FLUOROBORATE or LEAD FLUOROBORATE SOLUTION (13814-96-5) Decomposes in water or acids, forming ionic lead and fluoboric acid solution. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Corrodes aluminum and other metals.
LEAD MONOXIDE (1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon, sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalon@,Parlono, Rutile@,and fluorinated rubbers such as Viton@. LEAD NITRATE or LEAD(I1) NITRATE (10099-74-8) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, ammonium thiocyanate, potassium hexanitrocobalite(II1) (C.I. pigment yellow), cyclopentadienyl sodium, red hot carbon, lead(I1) phosphinate, phosphorus, tin(I1) chloride. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonia, citric acid, hydrozoic acid, metal phosphinates, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, potassium acetate, strong oxidizers, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. LEAD ORTHOPLUMBATE (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F150O0C, emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal andor explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide. LEAD OXIDE or LEAD(I1) OXIDE (1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon,
LEAD PEROXIDE
699
sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalon@, Parlon@,
[email protected] fluorinated rubbers such as Viton@.
LEAD(1V) OXIDE (1309-60-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, chlorine trifluoride, halides (nonmetal), hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal sulfides, peroxyformic acid, phenyl hydrazine, red phosphorus, seleninyl chloride, sulfinyl dichloride, powders of aluminum, boron, yellow phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur. Reacts with hydrogen chloride, forming chlorine gas. Forms sensitive explosive material with zirconium. Incompatible with acids, cesium acetylide, metal sulfides, nitrogen compounds, potassium, phosphorus trichloride, silicon, sodium, sulfur dioxide, thiocyanates, powders of molybdenum or tungsten. LEAD OXIDE BROWN (1309-60-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, chlorine trifluoride, halides (nonmetal), hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal sulfides, peroxyfomiic acid, phenyl hydrazine, red phosphorus, seleninyl chloride, sulfinyl dichloride, powders of aluminum, boron, yellow phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur. Reacts with hydrogen chloride, forming chlorine gas. Forms sensitive explosive material with zirconium. Incompatible with acids, cesium acetylide, metal sulfides, nitrogen compounds, potassium, phosphorus trichloride, silicon, sodium, sulfur dioxide, thiocyanates, powders of molybdenum or tungsten. LEAD OXIDE RED (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/5OO0C,emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal and/or explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotolueue, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide. LEAD OXIDE YELLOW (1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon, sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalon@,Parlo@, Rutile@,and fluorinated rubbers such as Viton@. LEAD PEROXIDE (1309-60-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, chlorine trifluoride, halides (nonmetal), hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal sulfides, peroxyformic acid, phenyl hydrazine, red phosphorus, seleninyl chloride, sulfinyl dichloride, powders of aluminum, boron, yellow phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur. Reacts with hydrogen chloride, forming chlorine gas. Forms sensitive explosive material with zirconium. Incompatible with acids, cesium acetylide, metal sulfides, nitrogen compounds, potassium, phosphorus trichloride, silicon, sodium, sulfur dioxide, thiocyanates, powders of molybdenum or tungsten.
700
LEAD PROTOXIDE
LEAD PROTOXIDE (1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon, sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalon@,Parlono, Rutile@,and fluorinated rubbers such as Won@. LEAD SULFATE or LEAD(I1) SULFATE (7446-14-2) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium.
LEAD SULFIDE (1314-87-0) Reacts violently with iodine monochloride, hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with bromates, chlorates, hydrazinium nitrate, iodates, mercurous chloride, silver azide, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. LEAD SULFOCYANATE (592-87-0) Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, chlorates, nitrates, potassium iodate.
LEAD SUPEROXIDE (1309-60-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, chlorine trifluoride, halides (nonmetal), hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal sulfides, peroxyformic acid, phenyl hydrazine, red phosphorus, seleninyl chloride, sulfinyl dichloride, powders of aluminum, boron, yellow phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur. Reacts with hydrogen chloride, forming chlorine gas. Forms sensitive explosive material with zirconium. Incompatible with acids, cesium acetylide, metal sulfides, nitrogen compounds, potassium, phosphorus trichloride, silicon, sodium, sulfur dioxide, thiocyanates, powders of molybdenum or tungsten.
LEAD TETRAOXIDE (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/50OoC,emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal and/or explosive sensitivity of 2.4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide. LEAD THIOCYANATE (592-87-0) Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, chlorates, nitrates, potassium iodate.
LE CAPTANE (French) (133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate, parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime) as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. LEDON@ll (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium. alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal
LETHURIN~
701
decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc.
LEDON@12(75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. LEIVASOM@ (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel.
LEMONENE@(92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 23S°F/l 13°C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. LENDINE@' (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
LENTOX@ (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
LETHALAIRE@G-52 (107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300°F/150°C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. LETHALAIRE@G-54 (56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/120°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
LETHALAIRE@ G-57 (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
LETHELMIN@(92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. LETHURIN@(79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent
702
LEUCETHANE
reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: Aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization, titanium, magnesium; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
LEUCETHANE (51-79-6) Incompatible with 2-naphthol, gallium, perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride, strong oxidizers. LEUCOL (91-22-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 140"-230"F/60"-1 10°C). An organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers: bromine, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (may explode), perchromates, nitrogen tetroxide. Unpredictably violent, exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Keep away from moisture, steam, and light. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. LEUCOLINE (91-22-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 140"-230"F/60"-1 10°C). An organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers: bromine, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (may explode), perchromates, nitrogen tetroxide. Unpredictably violent, exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Keep away from moisture, steam, and light. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. LICHENIC ACID (110-17-8) Combustible solid (flash point 446"F/23OoC).Dust or finely divided material forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. LIDENAL (58-89-9; 58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. LIGHT NAPHTHA (8002-05-9) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point O"F/ - 18°C (boiling point 95-140°F/35-600C)].* Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.*Note: For mixtures of aliphatic hy-drocarbons, flash point varies depending on boiling point. Generally, the lower the boiling point, the higher the vapor pressure at 2 0 T , and the lower the flash point. LIGROIN (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"Fl-2" to 29OC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LIMAS@(554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride,
LIME, UNSLAKED
703
silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture.
LIME CHLORIDE (7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 35O0F/176"C)or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids causes decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol, I-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds. LIME; LIME, BURNED; or LIME, BURNT (1305-78-8) Violent reaction with water, evolving high quantities of heat. Violent reaction and possible ignition, or explosion with acids, anilinium perchlorate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, isopropyl isocyanide dichloride, light metals, lithium, magnesium, powdered aluminum, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur trioxide Increases the explosive sensitivity of azides or nitro-alkanes (e.g., nitroethane, nitromethane, I-nitropropane, etc.). Incompatible with boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, ethanol, halogens, metal halides, phosphorus pentoxide, selenium oxychloride, sulfur dioxide. LIME NITROGEN (156-62-7) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with water, steam causes decomposition, forming acetylene gas, ammonia, and calcium hydrogen cyanamide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, fluorine, strong acids. Incompatible with barium peroxide, boric acid, dry hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide. Contact with all solvents tested also causes decomposition. LIME SALTPETER(10124-37-5) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials. Forms shock-sensitive mixtures with organic contaminants. Incompatible with combustible materials (wood, cloth, oil, grease, etc.), organics, and other easily oxidizable materials, chemically active metals, aluminum nitrate, ammonium nitrate, cyanides, esters, phosphorus, sodium hypophosphate, thyocyanates. Corrosive to many substances, including aluminum. LIME, UNSLAKED (1305-78-8) Violent reaction with water, evolving high quantities of heat. Violent reaction and possible ignition, or explosion with acids, anilinium perchlorate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, isopropyl isocyanide dichloride, light metals, lithium, magnesium, powdered aluminum, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur trioxide Increases the explosive sensitivity of azides or nitro-alkanes (e.g., nitroethane, nitromethane, 1-nitropropane, etc.). Incompatible with boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, ethanol, halogens, metal halides, phosphorus pentoxide, selenium oxychloride, sulfur dioxide.
704
LIME WATER
LIME WATER (1305-62-0) Contact with maleic anhydride may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with phosphorus, nitroethane, nitromethane, nitroparaffins, or nitropropane may form explosive compounds or cause explosion. Attacks some metals and coatings. LIMONENE or dl-LIMONENE (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
LINDAFORO (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
LINDAGAM@,LINDAGRAIN@, or LINDAGRANOXO (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. LINDANE or y-LINDANE (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
LINDAPOUDRE (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
LINDATOX@ (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. LINDOSEPO (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. LINEAR ALCOHOLS (27196-00-5) Alcohols are reducing agents. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, alkaline earth and alkali metals, ammonium persulfate, strong acids, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, thionyl chloride, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, uranium fluoride.
LINE RIDER@(93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 316"F/15SoC. Incompatible with sulfuric acid. bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
LIQUID AMMONIA
705
LINSEED OIL (8001-26-1) Combustible liquid (flash point when raw 432"F/222"C cc; flash point when boiled 403"F/206"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, lead monoxide, zinc oxide. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LINTOX@(58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. LIQUAMON@28 (15978-77-5) Reacts violently with copper and its alloys. Incompatible with oxidizers, acids, amides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, combustible materials, epichlorohydrin, organic substances, isocyanates, sulfur, vinyl acetate. Attacks lead, zinc. LIQUA-TOX@(81-81-2) Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Isolate from strong acids, strong bases. LIQUEFIED HYDROCARBON GAS (68476-85-7) A mixture of propane, butane, and other flammable gases (flash point about - 100"F/-74"C; flash point propane - 156"F/- 104°C cc; flash point butane -76"F/-60°C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (74-82-8) Flammable gas (flash point - 304"F/ - 187°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with halogens, interhalogens. LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (68476-85-7) A mixture of propane, butane, and other flammable gases (flash point about - 100°F/-74°C; flash point propane - 1 5 6 T - 104°C cc; flash point butane -76"F/-6OoC cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LIQUIBARINE (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. LIQUID AMMONIA (7664-41-7,anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid; 133621-6, solution in water) Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachloromelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household
706
LIQUID CAMPHOR
bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys.
LIQUID CAMPHOR (8008-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (117"F/47"C ). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphtho1, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LIQUID ETHELYNE (74-85-1) A flammable gas (-212"F/- 136°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, halogen acids. Chlorine compounds and sunlight or UV light can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with acids, halocarbons, lithium, nitrogen oxides, aluminum chloride, bromotrichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chlorotrifluoroethylene, copper, hydrogen bromide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, polyethylene, tetrafluoroethylene. trifluoro hypofluorite. Attacks cast iron. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LIQUID ETHYENE (74-85-1) A flammable gas (-212"FI- 136°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, halogen acids. Chlorine compounds and sunlight or UV light can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with acids, halocarbons, lithium, nitrogen oxides, aluminum chloride, bromotrichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chlorotrifluoroethylene, copper, hydrogen bromide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, polyethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoro hypofluorite. Attacks cast iron. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LIQUID GUM CAMPHOR (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LIQUID HYDROGEN (1333-74-0) Extremely flammable gas; burns with a practically invisible, high-temperature flame. Ignites easily with oxygen. Violent reaction, reacts explosively, or forms heat- and/or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with oxidizers, halogens, acetylene, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine oxides, dinitrogen oxides, fluorine perchloride, heptasilver nitrate octaoxide, iodine heptafluoride, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn- 1-01, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen difluoride, and other gases. Incompatible with copper(I1) oxide, difluorodiazene, iodine heptafluoride, lead trifluoride, liquid nitrogen, lithium perchlorate tnhydrate, metals, nitrogen trifluoride, nitryl fluoride, palladium(I1) oxide, palladium trifluoride, polycarbon monofluoride, potassium, tetrafluorohydrazine, xenon hexafluoride; may cause ignition on contact or explosion when heated. Mild steel and most iron alloys become brittle at liquid hydrogen temperatures. LIQUID NITROGEN (79-24-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/2XoC).Explosion can be caused by rapid heating or elevated temperatures, especially if confined. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustic materials, calcium hydroxide.
LISKONUM~
707
Contact with ammonia, strong acids may cause sensitization, which can lead to explosions. Mixtures with hydrocarbons and other combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with bases, metal oxides, hydroxides, potassium hydride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
LIQUIDOW@(10043-52-4) Incompatible with boric acid, calcium oxide, bromine trifluoride, 2-furan, percarboxylic acid. Contact. with zinc forms explosive hydrogen gas. Catalyzes exothermic polymerization of methyl vinyl ether. Contact with water forms some heat. Attacks metals. LIQUID OXYGEN (7782-44-7) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions, or enhance the combustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. Materials such as steel will burn in pure oxygen. The slightest increase in atmospheric oxygen will amplify the flammability and burning rate of any material, including the human body. Heat of water will vigorously vaporize liquid oxygen. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and all oxidizable materials; contact may cause fire/explosions. The low temperature may cause brittleness on contact with some materials. Keep away from all other materials, of all physical states, and especially clothing. Refer to supplier's MSDS instructions for handling and storage. LIQUID PETROLATUM (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 38OoF/193"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions. LIQUID ROSIN (8002-26-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 38OoF/193"C). Water contact causes foaming. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. LIROHEX@(107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300"F/15OoC can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. LIROPON@(75-99-0) Corrosive to iron, aluminum, and copper. LIROPREM@(87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture LIROTHION@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. LISKONUM@(554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones,
708
LITHANE
glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture.
LITHANE (554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides. acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. LITHARGE@(1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon, sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalono, Parlono, Rutile@, and fluorinated rubbers such as Viton@. LITHARGE@YELLOW L-28 (1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g.. aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon, sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalon@,Parlono, Rutileo, and fluorinated rubbers such as Viton@. LITHICARB@(554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. LITHINATE (554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. LITHIUM (7439-93-2) Combustible solid. Autoignites above 354"F/179"C. Finely divided particles, dust, or powders may ignite spontaneously in air. Contact with air forms
LITHIUM CHROMATE
709
corrosive fumes of lithium hydroxide. Violent reaction with water, releasing heat, flammable hydrogen gas, corrosive fumes and forming a strong caustic solution. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acetonitrile, arsenic, alcohols, beryllium, bromine pentafluoride, bromobenzene, carbides, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine trifluorides, chlorine pentafluorides, chromium, chromium trichloride, cobalt and its alloys, diazomethane, diborane, glycols, iron alloys, manganese alloys, maleic anhydride, mercury, metal oxides, nickel alloys, nitric acid, nitrogen, organic matter, oxygen, phosphorus, silicates, sulfur, vanadium, and many other substances. Forms friction- and impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with halogens, halocarbons, diborane, methyl dichloride, methyl diiodide, and other substances. Incompatible with atmospheric gases, diazomethane, hydrogen, iron(I1) sulfide, manganese telluride, metal chlorides, nonmetal oxides, platinum, trifluoromethyl hypofluorite, and other substances. Attacks plastics, rubber. Molten material attacks ceramic materials, concrete, sand. Attacks metal alloys: cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel. Reacts violently with most standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, or other dry powders. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, or clay. Refer to supplier's MSDS for information on fire and storage.
LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE (16853-85-3) Flammable solid. A powerful reducing agent. Ignites spontaneously in air and/or heat above 257"F/125"C. Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, flammable hydrogen, aluminum, lithium hydride, with possible ignition. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, alcohols. aldehydes, benzoyl peroxide, boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, 3-chloromethylfuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 3,5-dibromocyclopentene, ethers, ethyl acetate, fluoroamides, glycols, ketones, nitrogenous organic compounds, perfluorosuccinamide, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran. Reacts violently with many standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, or other dry powders. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations.
LITHIUM BICHROMATE or LITHIUM BICHROMATE DIHYDRATE (13843-81-7) Aqueous solution is caustic. An oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and easily oxidizable materials.
LITHIUM CARBONATE (554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with rnaleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. LITHIUM CHROMATE (14307-35-8) Aqueous solution is a base. An oxidizer. Reacts, possibly violently, with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, magnesium, zirconium), organic substances, strong acids. Aqueous solution is a base. Aqueous solution is incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols.
710
LITHIUM DICHROMATE
LITHIUM DICHROMATE (13843-81-7) Aqueous solution is caustic. An oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and easily oxidizable materials. Flammable solid. Hygroscopic and pyrophoric. A powerful reducing agent. Thermally unstable; dust, powder, or solid material ignites spontaneously in moist air and/or elevated temperatures above 752"F/40OoC. Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, large amounts of flammable hydrogen, and caustic hithium hydroxide, with ignition. Explodes or ignites on contact with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen oxide, epoxides, liquid oxygen, nitrous oxides, metal salts. Incompatible with halogenated hydrocarbons, acids, and other substances; can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with many standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, or other dry powders. In case of fire, do not use water, foam, halogenated hydrocarbons, soda acid, dry chemicals, or carbon dioxide. Use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Also, Lith-X@, a graphite-base dry chemical extinguishing agent, can be used. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. LITHIUM HYDROXIDE (1310-65-2) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, calcium, cresols, caprolactam solution epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitroethane, nitromethane, 1-nitropropane, phenols, zirconium. Attacks chemically active metals, aluminum, copper, zinc, etc., in the presence of moisture. LITHIUM MONOHYDRIDE (7580-67-8) Flammable solid. Hygroscopic and pyrophoric. A powerful reducing agent. Thermally unstable; dust, powder, or solid material ignites spontaneously in moist air and/or elevated temperatures above 752"F/4OO0C. Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, large amounts of flammable hydrogen, and caustic hithium hydroxide, with ignition. Explodes or ignites on contact with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen oxide, epoxides, liquid oxygen, nitrous oxides, metal salts. Incompatible with halogenated hydrocarbons, acids, and other substances; can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with many standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, or other dry powders. In case of fire, do not use water, foam, halogenated hydrocarbons, soda acid, dry chemicals, or carbon dioxide. Use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Also, Lith-X@,a graphite-base dry chemical extinguishing agent, can be used. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. LITHIUM NITRIDE (26134-62-3) Dust or powder ignites spontaneously in moist air. Contact with water or steam forms lithium hydroxide and ammonia. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with many materials, including oxidizers, carbon tetrachloride, 2,4dinitrophenol, epoxides, metal salts, silicon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with copper chloride. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. LITHTUM TETRAHYDROALUMINATE(16853-85-3) Flammable solid. A powerful reducing agent. Ignites spontaneously in air and/or heat above 257"F/125"C. Violent reaction with water, evolving heat, flammable hydrogen, aluminum, lithium hydride, with possible ignition. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, alcohols, aldehydes, benzoyl peroxide, boron trifluonde, carbon dioxide, 3-chloromethylfuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 3,5-dibromocyclopentene, ethers, ethyl acetate, fluoroamides, glycols, ketones, nitrogenous organic compounds, perfluorosuccinamide, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran. Reacts violently with many standard fire extinguishers:
LNG
711
water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, or other dry powders. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under argon or nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations.
LITHOBID@(554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. LITHONATE@(554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. LITHOTABS@(554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. LIT10 (Spanish) (7439-93-2) Combustible solid. Autoignites above 354"F/179"C. Finely divided particles, dust, or powders may ignite spontaneously in air. Contact with air forms corrosive fumes of lithium hydroxide. Violent reaction with water, releasing heat, flammable hydrogen gas, corrosive fumes and forming a strong caustic solution. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acetonitrile, alcohols, arsenic, beryllium, bromine pentafluoride, bromobenzene, carbides, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine trifluorides, chlorine pentafluorides, chromium, chromium trichloride, cobalt and its alloys, diazomethane, diborane, glycols, iron alloys, manganese alloys, maleic anhydride, mercury, metal oxides, nickel alloys, nitric acid, nitrogen, organic matter, oxygen, phosphorus, silicates, sulfur, vanadium, and many other substances. Forms friction- and impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with halogens, halocarbons, diborane, methyl dichloride, methyl diiodide, and other substances. Incompatible with atmospheric gases, diazomethane, hydrogen, iron(I1) sulfide, manganese telluride, metal chlorides, nonmetal oxides, platinum, trifluoromethyl hypofluorite, and other substances. Attacks plastics, rubber. Molten material attacks ceramic materials, concrete, sand. Attacks metal alloys: cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel. Reacts violently with most standard fire extinguishers: water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogenated agents, sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, or other dry powders. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, or clay. LNG (74-82-8) Flammable gas (flash point -304"F/- 187°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with halogens, interhalogens.
712
LO-BAX~
LO-BAX@(7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 35OoF/176"C)or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids cause decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether. finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol, 1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds.
LOISOL@(52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel.
LOREX@(7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below 572"F/3OO0C,liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates. nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. LOREXANE@(58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. LOROL@(112-53-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. LOROL@-20(111-87-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 178"F/8loC).Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
LPG ETHYL MERCAPTAN 1010
713
LOROL@-22(112-30-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 1 8O0F/82"Coc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. LORSBAN (2921-88-2) Incompatible with strong acids, antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Hydrolyzes from acid or alkaline solutions. LOSANTIN (7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 35OoF/176"C)or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids cause decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol, 1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds. LOSUNGSMITTEL@ APV (111-90-0) Combuftible liquid (flash point 201"F/ 94°C). Able to produce unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates.
LOX (7782-44-7) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions, or enhance the combustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. Materials such as steel will burn in pure oxygen. The slightest increase in atmospheric oxygen will amplify the flammability and burning rate of any material, including the human body. Heat of water will vigorously vaporize liquid oxygen. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and all oxidizable materials; contact may cause fire/explosions. The low temperature may cause brittleness on contact with some materials. Keep away from all other materials, of all physical states, and especially clothing. Refer to supplier's MSDS for instructions on handling and storage.
LOXANOL@ 95 or LOXANOL@ M (143-28-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 338"F/17OoC). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers. LPG or L.P.G. (68476-85-7) A mixture of propane, butane, and other flammable gases (flash point about - 100°F/-74"C; flashpoint propane - 1 5 6 T - 104°C cc; flashpoint butane -76"F/-6OoC cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. LPG ETHYL MERCAPTAN 1010 (75-08-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALAGRAN@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALAKILL@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/>163"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALAMAR@ or MALAMAR@ 50 (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALAPHELE@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALAPHOS@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALASOL@(121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALASPRAY@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALATHION (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALATHIOZOO (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALATHON (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALATOL@(121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
726
MALATOXB
MALATOXO (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >32S°F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MALAZIDE@ (123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Slightly corrosive to iron and zinc. Decomposes above SOO°F/2600C.
MALDISON@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >32S°F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MALEIC ACID (110-16-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; violent reaction with caustics, strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with alkali metals, alkylene oxides, amines, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, reducing agents, sulfuric acid. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MALEIC ACID ANHYDRIDE (108-31-6) Combustible solid (flash point 21S0F/1O2"C). Dust cloud forms an explosive mixture with air. Dissolves in water, forming maleic acid with release of energy. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Contact with amines or alkali metals lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium (even in low concentrations of 200 ppm) can decompose rapidly and may cause polymerization, especially if temperature is > 1SO0F/66"C.Incompatible with pyridine. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In firefighting, water stream or foam may cause frothing. MALEIC ACID HYDRAZIDE (123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Slightly corrosive to iron and zinc. Decomposes above SOO°F/260"C.
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE (108-31-6) Combustible solid (flash point 215"F/lO2"C). Dust cloud forms an explosive mixture with air. Dissolves in water, forming maleic acid with release of energy. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong alkalis. Contact with amines or alkali metals lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium (even in low concentrations of 200 ppm) can decompose rapidly and may cause polymerization, especially if temperature is greater than 15OoF/66"C.Incompatible with pyridine. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In firefighting, water stream or foam may cause frothing.
MALEIC HYDRAZIDE (123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Slightly corrosive to iron and zinc. Decomposes above 500"F/260"C. MALEINIC ACID (110-16-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; violent reaction with caustics, strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with alkali metals, alkylene oxides, amines, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, reducing agents, sulfuric acid. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MALTOX@
727
MALENIC ACID (110-16-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; violent reaction with caustics, strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with alkali metals, alkylene oxides, amines, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, reducing agents, sulfuric acid. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. N,N-MALEOXYHYDRAZINE(123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Slightly corrosive to iron and zinc. Decomposes above 50O0F/260"C.
MALIC ACID, 3-HYDROXY- (87-69-4) Combustible solid (flash point 410"F/210"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, 90% hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus trichloride, silver powders, or dust. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Aqueous solution reacts with bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. MALIX@(115-29-7) Hydrolyzed in alkaline solutions. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, produces highly toxic sulfur and chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels, iron, and other metals. MALMED (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MALONIC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER (105-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 183"F/84"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, nitrates.
MALONIC DINITRILE (109-77-3) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 234"F/122"C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid. May polymerize violently on contact with alkalis or temperatures above 160"F/71°C.
MALONIC ESTER (105-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point
183"F/S4"C).
Incompatible with oxidizers, nitrates.
MALONIC MONONITRlLE (372-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point 226"F/107"C cc). Dust or powder may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with water, forming a mediumstrong acid solution. Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, reducing agents, furfuryl alcohol. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. MALONONITRILE(109-77-3) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 234"F/122"C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid. May polymerize violently on contact with alkalis or temperatures above 160°F/71"C. MALPHOS@(121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MALTOX@(121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
728
MANGANESE
MANGANESE (7439-96-5) Finely divided material forms flammable mixture in air. Reacts with water, emitting flammable hydrogen gas. Dust and powder react violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, bromine pentatluoride, carbon dioxide, chlorine, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, red phosphorus, sulfur dioxide; may cause fire and explosions. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitryl fluoride, reactive powdered metals including aluminum. MANGANESE BINOXIDE (1313-13-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction, explosion, or ignition with reducing agents, other strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, calcium hydride, chlorine trifluoride, combustible materials, chlorates, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxylaminium chloride, metal powders, peroxomonosulfuric acid, potassium iodate, phosphorus, sodium peroxide, sulfur trioxide, and many other substances. Incompatible with aluminum (thermite reaction when heated), calcium hydride, copper, potassium azide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosives with anilinium perchlorate. Metal oxides increase the explosive or thermalsensitivity of nitroethane, nitromethane, nitropropane, and other lower nitroalkanes, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide, “thermite” materials. MANGANESE BLACK (1313-13-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction, explosion, or ignition with reducing agents, other strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, calcium hydride, chlorine trifluoride, combustible materials, chlorates, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxylaminium chloride, metal powders, peroxomonosulfuric acid, potassium iodate, phosphorus, sodium peroxide, sulfur trioxide, and many other substances. Incompatible with aluminum (thermite reaction when heated), calcium hydride, copper, potassium azide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosives with anilinium perchlorate. Metal oxides increase the explosive or thermalsensitivity of nitroethane, nitromethane, nitropropane, and other lower nitroalkanes, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide, “thermite” materials. MANGANESE DIOXIDE (1313-13-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction, explosion, or ignition with reducing agents, other strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, calcium hydride, chlorine trifluoride, combustible materials, chlorates, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxylaminium chloride, metal powders, peroxomonosulfuric acid, potassium iodate, phosphorus, sodium peroxide, sulfur trioxide, and many other substances. Incompatible with aluminum (thermite reaction when heated), calcium hydride, copper, potassium azide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosives with anilinium perchlorate. Metal oxides increase the explosive or thermalsensitivity of nitroethane, nitromethane, nitropropane. and other lower nitroalkanes, hydra7inium perchlorate, silver azide, “thermite” materials. MANGANESE TRICARBONYL METHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL (12108-13-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 230”F/110°C cc). Ignites spontaneously in air. Sunlight causes rapid decomposition. Reacts with water or steam, producing toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen tetroxide. Incompatible with strong acids, hydroxylamine.
MARSRED
729
MANOXAL@OT (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/l01"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
MAOH (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O6"F/4l0C). Contact with alkali metals produces flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MAPP or MAPP GAS (59355-75-8) Flammable gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms explosive compounds at high pressure in contact with alloys containing >67% copper. May form shock-sensitive explosive compounds with copper, magnesium, silver, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also Methyl Acetylene.
MARANYL (105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 230°F/I 10°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
MARLATE (72-43-5) Combustible solid; difficult to ignite. Liquid forms dissolved in hydrocarbons (flash point about 1OO-15OoF/38-66"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzes in alkali. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MAROXOL@-50(51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, suong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MARS BROWN (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys.
MARSH GAS (74-82-8) Flammable gas (flash point -304"F/- 187°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with halogens, interhalogens.
MARSHITE (7681-65-4) Incompatible with chlorine, fluorine, peroxides. MARS RED (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides,
730
MASSICOTO
guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys.
MASSICOT@(1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon, sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack, plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalon@,Parlon@,Rutile@,and fluorinated rubbers such as Viton@.
MATRICARIA CAMPHOR (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MATTING ACID (7664-93-9) A strong oxidizer and strong acid. Reacts with water or steam. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, alkalis, ammonium tetraperoxo chromate, aniline, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, isoprene, mesityl oxide, endo-2-norbomanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, perchlorates, sodium carbonate, zinc chlorate. Reacts, possibly causing ignition or explosion, with many substances, including nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids, bases, reducing agents, acetic anhydride, acetone cyanhydrin, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylates, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, substituted allyls, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, bromine pentafluoride, n-butyraldehyde, caprolactum solution, carbides, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorates, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, cuprous nitride, diisobutylene, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, ethyleneimine, fulminates, glycols, hydrochloric acid, iodine heptafluoride, iron, isocyanates, ketones, lithium silicide, mercuric nitride, 2-methyllactonitrile, powdered metals, nitric acid, p-nitrotoluene, pentasilver trihydroxydiamino phosphate, perchloric acid, phenols, phosphorus, picrates, potassium teut-butoxide, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate, P-propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, rubidium acetylene, silver permanganate, sodium, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, styrene monomer, zinc phosphide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole, 2-aminothiazole, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metals; may produce flammable hydrogen gas. When diluting, do not add water to acid. With proper precautions, slowly add acid to water.
MAZIDE@ (123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Slightly corrosive to iron and zinc. Decomposes above 5O0"F/26O0C.
MAZOTENO (52-68-6) Contact with alkaline materials causes decomposition to dichlorvos, which is corrosive to iron and steel.
MBC (17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic oxides of nitrogen.
MC DEFOLIANT@
731
M-B-C FUMIGANT@(74-83-9) Combustible gas, but not easily ignited; it has narrow flammability limits in air (10-16% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts with water. Attacks aluminum to form pyrophoric alkyl aluminum salts. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, metals, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene oxide, water. Attacks zinc, magnesium, alkali metals, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MBDA (1918-00-9) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. At elevated temperatures above 392"F/2OOoC, this material is decarboxylated, forming 2,5-dichloroanisole. MBI (101-68-8) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/l96"C). Violent reaction with acids, bases, alcohols, amines. Incompatible with ammonia, amides, glycols, caprolactam. Unstable above 100°F/38"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts slowly with water. MBK (591-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 57"F/14"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts, possibly violently, with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium-reerr-butoxide. Mixtures with hydrogen peroxide may form unstable peroxides. Attacks many plastics, resins, and rubber. MBT (149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoigniton temperature 1162"F/628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat andor contact with acids or acid fumes cause decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MC (7487-94-7) Contact with acids or acid fumes evolves chloride and mercury vapors. Possible violent reaction with chlorine nitrate, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with anhydrous ammonia, chloric acid, hydrozoic acid, light metals, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, sodium, potassium, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. MCA (79-11-8) Combustible solid (flash point 258"F/126"C). Aqueous solution is a strong acid; violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, ammonia, alcohols, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubbers, and coatings, including nitrile rubber, PVC, and polyvinyl alcohol. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture. MCB (108-90-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/28"F). Violent, possibly explosive, reaction with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, nitric acid, dimethylsulfoxide, powdered sodium, silver perchloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MC DEFOLIANT@ (10326-21-3) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, powdered metals, fuels, ammonia, antimony(II1) sulfide, arsenic(II1) sulfide, copper(1) sulfide (explodes on contact), tin(I1) sulfide, tin(1V) sulfide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixture with red phosphorus, sulfur, combustible materials. Incompatible with aluminum, arsenic, ammonia compounds, barium hydride, calcium hydride, carbon, charcoal, copper, cyanides, manganese oxide, metal sulfides, dibasic organic acids, organic materials, manganese dioxide, magnesium oxide, metal sulfides, selenium, sodium hypophosphite, strong acids, sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates.
732
MCF
MCF (79-22-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water or steam, forming hydrochloric acid, carbon dioxide gas, and methanol. Violent reaction with alkali metals, dialkylzincs, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethers, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong bases, alcohols. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MDB or MDCB (541-73-1) See Dichlorobenzenes. 2-ME (60-24-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
MEADOW GREEN (12002-03-8) Contact with strong oxidizers: Chlorine, fluorine, peroxides may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or may form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides, with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate.
MEASURINO (50-78-2) Combustible solid. An organic acid. Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Alkali hydroxides or carbonates may cause decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
MECB (111-77-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C oc). May form unstable peroxides on standing. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, calcium chlorate, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MECS (109-86-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/39"C). May form unstable peroxides in storage, with heat, or on contact with oxidizers. Strong oxidizers cause tire and explosions. Strong bases cause decomposition. Attacks many metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MEDIBENO (1918-00-9) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. At elevated temperatures above 392"F/2OO0C,this material is decarboxylated, forming 2,5-dichloroanisole.
MEK (78-93-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30°F/- 1"C; also reported at 16T-9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium tert-butoxide, oleum. Incompatible with inorganic acids, aliphatic amines, ammonia, caustics, isocyanates, pyridines, chlorosulfonic acid. Able to form unstable peroxides in storage, or on contact with 2-propanol or hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MEK-OXIME (696-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 96"F/36"C; also reported at 143"F/62"C). Incompatible with aldehydes, strong oxidizers, acids. Reacts with sulfuric acid to form an explosive. Heat causes explosive decomposition; acidic materials increase thermal sensitivity.
MELIPAX@
733
MEKP (1338-23-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 125"F/51°C). Explosive decomposition occurs above 176"F/8OoC.Pure substance is a shock-sensitive explosive. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with aldehydes, amines, strong acids, strong bases, reducing agents, combustible substances, hydrogen peroxide, organic materials, oxides of heavy metals, perchloric acid, salts, trace contaminants. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MEK PEROXIDE (1338-23-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 125"F/5l°C). Explosive decomposition occurs above 176"F/8OoC.Pure substance is a shocksensitive explosive. A strong oxidizer. Rcacts violently with aldehydes, amines, strong acids, strong bases, reducing agents, combustible substances, hydrogen peroxide, organic materials, oxides of heavy metals, perchloric acid, salts, trace contaminants. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MEKP-HA 1 (1338-23-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 125"F/ 5 l°C). Explosive decomposition occurs above 176"F/80°C. Pure substance is a shock-sensitive explosive. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with aldehydes, amines, strong acids, strong bases, reducing agents, combustible substances, hydrogen peroxide, organic materials, oxides of heavy metals, perchloric acid, salts, trace contaminants. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MEKP-LA 1 (1338-23-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 125"F/ 5 1"C). Explosive decomposition occurs above 176"F/80°C. Pure substance is a shock-sensitive explosive. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with aldehydes, amines, strong acids, strong bases, reducing agents, combustible substances, hydrogen peroxide, organic materials, oxides of heavy metals, perchloric acid, salts, trace contaminants, Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MELINITE (88-89-1) Flammable solid (flash point 3O2"F/15O0C).Anhydrous material highly unstable and heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive (explodes about 572"F/3OO0C).The presence of trace metals increases its sensitivity to explosion. Reaction with nitric acid, alkalis, heavy metals, copper, lead, zinc, transition metals, and other metals or their salts can produce other salts, known as picrates, that are initiators which are much more highly sensitive to heat, impact, or shock than this material. Mixtures with perchlorates form extremely powerful, high-velocity explosives. Shock-sensitive salts include ammonium salts and calcium salts; the calcium salt may be produced when picric acid comes into contact with plaster and concrete. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonia. Dry material may accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong oxidizer and strong acid; reacts violently with alkalis, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and other easily oxidized materials, aluminum powders, and other metal powders. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, PVC.
MELIPAX@(8001-35-2) The solid bums with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 3 11"F/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
734
MENDRIN
MENDRIN (72-20-8) Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids (forms explosive vapors), strong oxidizers. Incompatible with parathion. Rearranges to endrin ketone (6-ketoendrin) in the presence of some metal salts, catalysts, strong acids, in sunlight, and in elevated temperatures above 392"F/2OO0C.Slightly corrosive to metals.
MENIPHOS (7786-34-7)
Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals.
MENITE (7786-34-7)
Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals.
1,8(9)-p-MENTHADIENE (138-86-3)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MEP (104-90-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/68"C; also listed at 165"F/73"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May form heat-sensitive explosive materials with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks copper and its alloys.
ME-PARATHION (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1S0F/ 46°C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/SO0C.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics.
MEPATON@(298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115"F/46"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/5OoC.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics.
MEPOX@ (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 1S0F/46"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/5OoC.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics.
MER (80-62-6) Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixture with air (flash point SO"F/IO"C). Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, benzoyl peroxide, or other polymerization initiators. Elevated temperatures, light, contamination can cause spontaneous, explosive polymerization. Incompatible with caustics, nitrates, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. peroxides. Flow or agitation o f substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
MERCAPTOETHANOL or P-MERCAPTOETHANOL
735
MERCAPTAN AMYLIQUE (French) (110-66-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6S°F/18"C). Ignites on contact with concentrated nitric acid. Contact with water, steam, or acids produces toxic and flammable vapors. Incompatible with oxidizers, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite. MERCAPTAN METHYLIQUE (French) (74-93-1) Flammable gas (flash point O"F/- 18°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with mercury(I1) oxide. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide. Reacts with light metals. Incompatible with caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MERCAPTOBENZENE (108-98-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7loF/22"C; also listed at 132"F/S6"C cc; technical grades can be contaminated with carbon disulfide which may tend to lower the flash point). Reacts with water, steam, or acids, producing toxic and flammable vapors. Oxidizes on exposure to air, forming diphenyl disulfide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, alkali metals. Oxidizes on contact with air. Corrosive to carbon steel. MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE or 2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOL (149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoigniton temperature I162"F/628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat and/or contact with acids or acid fumes cause decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOL SODIUM SALT (2492-26-4) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite, strong bases. Concentrated aqueous solutions are corrosive. 1-MERCAPTOBUTANE (109-79-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 3S0F/2"C). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1-MERCAPTODODECANE(112-55-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 262"F/128"C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. MERCAPTOETHANE (75-08-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 20"F/> -7°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. 2-METHYLPROPYLISOBUTYRATE (97-85-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers, aliphatic amines, alkalis, ammonium persulfate, boranes, bromine dioxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, uranium fluoride.
METHYL PROPYL KETONE or METHYL-n-PROPYLKETONE (107-87-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 45OF17"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, bromine trifluoride, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-METHYLPYRIDINE or a-METHYLPYRIDINE (109-06-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 79"F/26"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks copper and its alloys. 3-METHYLPYRIDINE (108-99-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 97"F/36"C). Strong oxidizers may cause tire and explosions. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. 4-METHYLPYRIDINE (108-89-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 134"F/57"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols.
l-METHYL-2-(3-PYRIDYL)PYRROLIDlNE (54-11-5) Combustible liquid ( IOOOC). Reacts with water, acid, or acid fumes, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with ammonia, caustics, strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
806
METHYLSULFONYL CHLORIDE
METHYLSULFONYL CHLORIDE (124-63-0) Combustible liquid (flash point
>212"F/> l0OOC). Reacts with water, acid, or acid fumes, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with ammonia, caustics, strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
METHYL SULFOXIDF (67-68-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 203"F/9SoC oc). Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and
related compounds, p-bromobenzoyl acetanilide, boron compounds, iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids.
METHYL SULPHIDE (75-18-3)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
-36OFI-38"C). Reacts with water, steam, acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen sulfide fumes, which can explode in air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorobenzenediazonium salts, mercurous chloride. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
n-METHYL-N-2,4,6-TETRANITROANILINE (479-45-8)A powerful oxidizer and
heat, friction-, and shock-sensitive high explosive. Explodes in elevated temperatures above about 482"F/25OoC.This reaction may take about 0.1 second, but this material can explode after a delayed period in lower temperatures (16.6 minutes at 32O0F/160"C). Ignition or explosion on contact with reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, hydrazine, powdered metals, organic substances, trinitrogen difluoride.
METHYLTHIOALCOHOL (74-93-1) Flammable gas (flash point O"F/- 18°C). Violent
reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with mercury(I1) oxide. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide. Reacts with light metals. Incompatible with caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
METHYLTHIOPHOS (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
11S0F/46"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/SO0C.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics.
METHYL THIRAM (137-26-8)Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases.
METHYL THIURAM DISULFIDE (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point
192"F/X9"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases.
METHYL TRICHLORIDE
807
METHYL TOLUENE (1330-20-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point approximately 84"F/29"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. rn-METHYLTOLUENE (108-38-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, uranium fluoride may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. o-METHYLTOLUENE (95-47-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 63"F/17"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, uranium fluoride may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. p-METHYLTOLUENE (106-42-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, 1,3-dichlor0-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, uranium fluoride may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-METHYL-p-TOLUIDINE (95-68-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. 4-METHYL-o-TOLUIDINE (95-68-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrosyl perchlorate. Mixtures with hypochlorites form sensitive explosive chloroamines. Incompatible with aldehydes, non oxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. METHYL TRIBROMIDE (75-25-2) Violent reaction with chemically active metals, acetone, calcium, strong caustics, potassium, potassium hydroxide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with crown polyethers, sodium-potassium alloys. Forms friction- and shock-sensitive compounds with lithium. Aqueous solution is a mediumstrong acid. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to most metals in the presence of moisture. METHYL TRICHLORIDE (67-66-3) Decomposes in the presence of excess water, high temperatures, including hot surfaces, evolving phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Contact with warm water forms hydrochloric acid. Decomposes at ordinary temperature in sunlight in the absence of air, and in the dark in the presence of air. Mixtures with strong bases, alkali metals, lithium, sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium alloy can form explosive materials that may be heat-, friction-, andor impact-sensitive. Violent reaction with light metals, aluminum, magnesium or titanium powder, disilane, potassium-tert-butoxide, methylates, potassium acetylene- 1.2-dioxide, sodium amide, uranium(II1) hydride. Incompatible with acetone, beryllium, decaborane, nitrogen tetroxide, strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen, potassium, sodium, sodium methylate, strong mineral acids, chemically active metals, zinc. Attacks
808
METHYLTRICHLOROMETHANE
many plastics and rubber. Attacks iron and other metals in the presence of moisture and elevated temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
METHYLTRICHLOROMETHANE (71-55-6) Combustible at higher temperatures, above 995"F/535"C. Forms explosive mixture with air (range 7.5-12.5% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong caustics, strong oxidizers, acetone, sodium, amides, chemically active metals, metal powders of aluminum, bronze, copper, magnesium, manganese, sodium, zinc, and their alloys, liquid and gaseous oxygen, aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, trimethyl aluminum. Mixtures with potassium or its alloys are shock-sensitive. Mixtures with nitrogen tetroxide are explosive. Contact with hot metal or exposure to UV radiation will cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and dichloroacetylene gases. Reacts slowly with water, releasing corrosive hydrochloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. The uninhibited grade is corrosive to aluminum. Attacks aluminum and its alloys, other metals, especially in the presence of moisture.
METHYL TRICHLOROSILANE (75-79-6) Forms explosive gas mixture with air (flash point 1S°F/-9"C). May self-ignite in air. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen. Difficult to extinguish; reignition may occur. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. METHYL TRIFLUORIDE (75-46-7)Violent reaction with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Reacts violently with aluminum oxide at elevated temperatures, producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene vapors. Incompatible with beryllium, decaborane, diborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluori te, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene1,2-dioxide, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys.
METHYLTRIMETHYLENE GLYCOL (107-88-0) Combustible liquid (flash point
228"F/109"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers.
l-METHYL-2,4,6-TRINITROBENZENE (118-96-7)High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/18OoC. Explodes when heated above 45OoF/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or with strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon. 2-METHYL-1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/18OoC. Explodes when heated above 45OoF/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia
METILACETILENO
809
or with strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon.
METHYL TUADS (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. METHYL VINYL ETHER (107-25-5) Flammable gas (flash point -69OFI-56"C oc). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or dilute acid, forming acetaldehyde and methyl alcohol. Forms unstable peroxides. Contact with calcium chloride can cause violent polymerization. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid and nitric acid, acyl halides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
METHYL VINYL KETONE (78-94-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 20°F/-7"C). Able to form unstable peroxides in storage; may polymerize on standing and/or with elevated temperatures and/or sunlight, and/or on contact with oxidizers, peroxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
METHYLZINC (544-97-8) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reaction with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Violent reaction with bromine, 2,2-dichloropropane, oxygen gas, hydrazine, ozone, disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds . Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under dry nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. 1-METHYPROPYLALCOHOL (78-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7S0F/4"C). Forms an unstable peroxide product in air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium trioxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. METILACETILENO (Spanish) (74-99-7) Extremely flammable gas. Can form unstable peroxides. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms shock-sensitive compounds with copper, magnesium, silver, and their alloys. Elevated temperatures above 203"F/9SoC may cause storage containers to explode. Copper alloys containing >63% copper should not be used in handling equipment. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
810
METILACETILENO-PROPADIENO, ESTABILIZADO
METILACETILENO-PROPADIENO, ESTABILIZADO (Spanish) (59355-75-8) Flammable gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms explosive compounds at high pressure in contact with alloys containing >67% copper. May form shock-sensitive explosive compounds with copper, magnesium, silver, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also Methyl Acetylene. METILACRILATO (Italian) (96-33-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 27"F/-3"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Heat above 70°F/21"C, light, and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration can cause explosive polymerization. Elevated temperatures may cause storage containers to explode. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Usually stored in ambient air below 5OoF/1O0C.The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. METILAL (Spanish) (109-87-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -26"F/-32"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METILAMIL ALCOHOL (Italian) (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 106"F/41°C). Contact with alkali metals produces flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dial kylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METIL n-AMILCETONA (Spanish) (110-43-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/38"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics and rubber. METILAMINA (Spanish) (74-89-5) Extremely flammable gas [flash point (35% in H,O) O T - 18°C; (40% in H20) 14"F/- 10°C]. Aqueous solution is a medium-strong organic base.
Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitrated hydrocarbons. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, halogens, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Aqueous solution attacks aluminum, copper, lead, magnesium, tin, zinc, and their alloys; galvanized surfaces; some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Commercial product can be a flammable 3 5 4 8 % aqueous solution.
METILAMINE (Italian) (74-89-5) Extremely flammable gas [flash point (35% in H,O) O T - 18°C; (40% in H,O) 14"F/- 10°C]. Aqueous solution is a medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitrated hydrocarbons. Increases the explosive sensitivity of
METILE (ACETATO di)
811
nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, halogens, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Aqueous solution attacks aluminum, copper, lead, magnesium, tin, zinc, and their alloys; galvanized surfaces; some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Commercial product can be a flammable 35-48% aqueous solution.
N-METILANILINA (Spanish) (100-61-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METILATO SODICO (Spanish) (124-41-4) Flammable solid (autoignition temperature 158"F/7OoC;flash point of solution, in methyl alcohol, approximately 7OoF/24"C).Forms explosive mixture with air; may ignite spontaneously in moist air. Reacts violently with water, steam, forming methanol and sodium hydroxide; may ignite on contact. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, aluminum powder, beryllium, chloroform, chlorine oxyfluoride, magnesium, p-nitrochlorobenzene, perchloryl fluoride. Reacts with light metals, forming flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with waterbased extinguishers. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. METIL BUTIL CETONA (Spanish) (591-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 57"F/14"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts, possibly violently, with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium-tert-butoxide.Mixtures with hydrogen peroxide may form unstable peroxides. Attacks many plastics, resins, and rubber. METIL CELLOSOLVE (Italian) (109-86-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 102"F/39"C). May form unstable peroxides in storage, with heat, or on contact with oxidizers. Strong oxidizers cause fire and explosions. Strong bases cause decomposition. Attacks many metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METILCICLOHEXANO (Spanish) (108-87-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 25OFI-4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitrogen tetraoxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METILCLOROMETILN.(Spanish) (107-30-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 17"F/- S T ) . May be able to form unstable and explosive peroxides. Contact with oxidizers may cause fire and explosion. Decomposes on contact with water, forming hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde. Corrosive to various metals in the presence of moisture. Contact with cadmium(I1) acetate, cobalt(I1) nitrate, copper(I1) nitrate, mercury(I1) chlorate, mercury(I1) perchlorate, iron(I1) compounds, and many other divalent metallic compounds may form highly reactive or explosive products. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METILE (ACETATO di) (Italian) (79-20-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/- 10°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or bases causes
812
METILEN-3,s'-BIS(O.0-DIETIL-DITIOFOSFATO)
decomposition with formation of methanol. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
METILEN-s,s'-BIS(0,O-DIETIL-DITIOFOSFATO) (Italian) (563-12-2) Slowly oxidized in air. Incompatible with alkaline formulations, perchloric acid. Mixtures with magnesium may be explosive. Attacks natural rubber.
N-METILETANOLAMINA (Spanish) (109-83-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 16S0F/74"C oc). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
METIL ETIL CETONA (Spanish) (78-93-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30"FI- 1°C; also reported at 1 6 T - 9 " C ) . Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium terf-butoxide, oleum. Incompatible with inorganic acids, aliphatic amines, ammonia, caustics, isocyanates, pyridines, chlorosulfonic acid. Able to form unstable peroxides in storage, or on contact with 2-propanol or hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METILETILCHETONE (Italian) (78-93-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30"FI- 1°C; also reported at 16T-9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium terf-butoxide, oleum. Incompatible with inorganic acids, aliphatic amines, ammonia, caustics, isocyanates, pyridines, chlorosulfonic acid. Able to form unstable peroxides in storage, or on contact with 2-propanol or hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
METILFENILCARBINOL (Spanish) (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OO0F/93"C cc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
METIL FENIL ETER (Spanish) (100-66-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12S°F/S 1°C oc). Able to form unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METIL (FORMIATO di) (Italian) (107-31-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2S"FI- 32°C). Reacts with water, causing slow decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
METIL METACRILATO
813
METILHIDRAZINA (Spanish) (60-34-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 17"F/- 8OC). Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously in air. A highly reactive reducing agent and medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dicyanofurazan, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, nitrogen tetroxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin. ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate, porous materials such as earth, asbestos, wood, and cloth. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. May explode if heated or when in contact with oxides of iron or copper. Contact with manganese, lead, copper, or their alloys may cause fire and explosions. Attacks cork, some plastics, coatings, and rubber. METIL ISOBUTIL CETONA (Spanish) (108-10-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with air and/or when in contact with hydrogen peroxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, reducing agents. Dissolves some plastics, resins, and rubber. METIL ISOCIANATO (Italian) (624-83-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 0"FI- 18°C). Reacts slowly with water, violently with warm water or steam, forming carbon dioxide and heat. Decomposes above 100°F/38"C. Violent reaction with acetaldehyde, amines, alcohols, acids, alkalis, strong oxidizers. Unless inhibited, can produce unstable peroxides; contact with iron, tin, copper, or salts of these elements, or with certain catalysts such as triphenylarsenic oxide, triethylphosphine, or tributyltin oxide, or elevated temperatures may cause polymerization. Incompatible with glycols, amides, ammonia, caprolactam. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. METIL ISOPROPENIL CETONA (Spanish) (814-78-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6XoF/20"C). Violent reaction with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, strong oxidizers. Contact with hydrogen peroxide can form unstable peroxides; heat and/or inappropriate level of inhibitor may cause polymerization. METIL ISOPROPIL CETONA (Spanish) (563-80-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26"F/-3"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Unstable peroxides may be formed by contact with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with boranes. METILMERCAPTANO (Italian, Spanish) (74-93-1) Flammable gas (flash point O"F/- 18°C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with mercury(I1) oxide. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide. Reacts with light metals. Incompatible with caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. METIL METACRILATO (Italian) (80-62-6) Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixture with air (flash point 50°F/100C). Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, benzoyl peroxide, or other polymerization initiators. Elevated temperatures, light, contamination can cause spontaneous, explosive polymerization. Incompatible
814
N-METILMORFOLINA
with caustics, nitrates, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
N-METILMORFOLINA (Spanish) (109-02-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (73"F/23"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane.
N-METIL-1-NAFTIL-CARBAMMATO
(Italian) (63-25-2) Combustible Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point.
solid.
4-METILPENTAN-2-OLO(Italian) (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 106"F/41°C). Contact with alkali metals produces flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 4-METIL-3-PENTEN-2-0NE (Italian) (141-79-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 87"F/3 1°C). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, oleum. Incompatible with strong acids aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, ethylene diamine. Dissolves some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks copper.
N-METIL-2-PIRROLIDONA (Spanish) (872-50-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 204OF196"C). A strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks light metals.
METILPROPILCARBIOL (Spanish) (6032-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 94"F/34"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkali metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts less violently with alkaline earth metals, also forming hydrogen gas. Reacts with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide. pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
METIL PROPIL CETONA (Spanish) (107-87-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 45"F/7"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, bromine trifluoride, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
METOX
815
METIL PROPIL ETER (Spanish) (557-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point < -4"F/230"F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Moisture may cause slow decomposition. METOPRYL (557-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point < -4"F/< -20°C). Able to form unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-METOSSIETILACETATO (Italian) (110-49-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/52"C). Able to form unstable peroxide in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitrates, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. METOX (72-43-5) Combustible solid; difficult to ignite. Liquid forms dissolved in hydrocarbons (flash point about 10O-15O0F/38-66"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzes in alkali. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
816
METRACRILATO de terc-BUTILO
METRACRILATO de terc-BUTILO (97-88-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 105"F/4I0C). Unless inhibitor is maintained at the proper level, oxidizers, heat, UV light, or moisture may cause polymerization. Reacts with oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors. METRON (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115"F/46"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 1 22"F/5OoC.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics. METSO@20 (6834-92-0) Violent reaction with fluorine. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts violently with acids and is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture. METSO@BEADS 2048 or METSO@BEADS, DRYMET (6834-92-0) Violent reaction with fluorine. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts violently with acids and is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture. METSO@ PENTABEAD 20 (6834-92-0) Violent reaction with fluorine. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts violently with acids and is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted all yls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture. MET-SPAR@(1305-62-0) Contact with maleic anhydride may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with phosphorus, nitroethane, nitromethane, nitroparaffins, or nitropropane may form explosive compounds or cause explosion. Attacks some metals and coatings. MEVINOXO (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. MEVINPHOS@ (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/l75"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. MFB (462-06-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5"F/- 15°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MH (123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Slightly corrosive to iron and zinc. Decomposes above 500°F/260"C.
MHA ACID (583-91-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 250"F/121 "C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, sulfuric acid.
MICROFLOTOX@
817
MHA-FA (583-91-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 25OoF/121"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, sulfuric acid.
MIBC (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O6"F/4l0C).Contact with alkali metals produces flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MIBK (108-10-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with air and/or when in contact with hydrogen peroxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, reducing agents. Dissolves some plastics, resins, and rubber.
MIC (556-61-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, chlorates (e.g., potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate), ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam solution, nitrates, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, strong oxidizers. MIC (624-83-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O'FI- 18°C). Reacts slowly with water, violently with warm water or steam, forming carbon dioxide and heat. Decomposes above 1OO"F138"C. Violent reaction with acetaldehyde, amines, alcohols, acids, alkalis, strong oxidizers. Unless inhibited, can produce unstable peroxides; contact with iron, tin, copper, or salts of these elements, or with certain catalysts such as triphenylarsenic oxide, triethylphosphine, or tributyltin oxide, or elevated temperatures may cause polymerization. Incompatible with glycols, amides, ammonia, caprolactam. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. 3-MIC (108-11-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O6"F/4l0C). Contact with alkali metals produces flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkaline earth metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MICRO@DDT 75 (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers. MICROFLOTOX@(7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum
818
MIK
powdcrs, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shocksensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
MIM (108-10-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides on contact with air andor when in contact with hydrogen peroxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, reducing agents. Dissolves some plastics, resins. and rubber. MIL-B-4394-BO (74-97-5) Reacts with diethylaluminum hydride, diketene, chemically active metals: powdered aluminum, calcium, magnesium, zinc. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MILBOL@49 (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved i n a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
MILD MERCURY CHLORIDE (10112-91-1; 7546-30-7) Violent reaction with sodium. Incompatible with alkali chlorides, ammonia, bromides, carbonates, cocaine hydrochloride, cyanides, copper salts, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxides, iodides, iodine, iodoform, lead salts, potassium iodide, silver salts, sulfates, sulfides. sulfites.
MILK WHITE (7446-14-2) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium.
MILLER'S FUMIGRAIN@(107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/O0C oc). May polmerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-terr-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization.
MINERAL ORANGE
819
Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers, amines, 2aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, its alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
MILOCEP@(51218-45-0) Combustible liquid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Moisture may cause slow decomposition. MILTON (7681-52-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer and strong base. Violent reaction with strong acids (giving off chlorine gas), reducing agents, combustible substances, organic substances, benzyl cyanide, hydroxylamine. Decomposes in sunlight, producing oxygen with increased risk of fire. Stability is reduced with concentration, heat, light, decrease in pH, and contamination with metals. Contact with amines and ammonia salts produces explosive chloroamines. Reaction with ammonium sulfate forms explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reacts with urea, forming explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrolein, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene,cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, l,l -dichloro- l -nitroethane, l ,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, s-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes many metals: steel, 12% and 17% chrome steel, cast iron, monel, aluminum, nickel, brass, bronze, iconel, titanium. MINERAL CARBON (activated, 64365-11-3; purified, 7440-44-0) Dust or powder reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, ammonium perchlorate, bromates, bromine trifluoride, chlorates, cobalt nitrate, iodates, strong acids, halogens, lead chlorite, nitrates, nitric acid, oxides, perchlorates, peroxides, peroxyformic acid, sulfates, sodium sulfite, unsaturated oils. Forms heat- and impact-sensitive materials with ammonium perchlorate. Incompatible with many compounds, including triethylenediamine, palladium, potassium dioxide, potassium peroxide, silver nitrate, sodium chlorite. MINERAL NAPHTHA (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 11"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MINERAL OIL (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 38WF1193"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions. MINERAL ORANGE (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/5OO0C,emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide.
820
MINERAL RED
Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal andor explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide.
MINERAL RED (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/50ODC,emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal andor explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide.
MINERAL SPIRITS (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"Fl-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MINERAL SPIRITS (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-140"F138"40"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MINERAL THINNER (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"F/-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MINERAL TURPENTINE (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"F/-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MINIUMO (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"/5OO0C, emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal and/or explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide. MINIUMO NON-SETTING RL-95 (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"/50OoC, emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine,
MIXED PRIMARY AMYL NITRATES
821
hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heatsensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal andlor explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide.
MIPAX@(131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. MIPK (563-80-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26"F/-3"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Unstable peroxides may be formed by contact with hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with boranes. MIRACLE@ (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/180°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. MIRAMID@(105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 23OoF/110°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. MIRBANE OIL (98-95-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 190°F/88"C). An oxidizer. Violent reaction with nitrogen oxides, potassium hydroxide, silver perchlorate, alkali metals. Reacts with reducing agents, combustible materials, strong oxidizers. Mixture with alkali materials may increase this material's thermal sensitivity. Incompatible with alkalis, 7H-benz(de)anthracene-7-one, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, caustics, ammonia, amines. Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum chloride, fluorotrinitromethane, fuming nitric acid, phosphorus pentachloride, potassium, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, tin(V) chloride. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. MIT (556-61-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90°F/32"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, chlorates (e.g., potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate), ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam solution, nitrates, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, strong oxidizers. MLTC (556-61-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, chlorates (e.g., potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate), ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam solution, nitrates, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, strong oxidizers. MITIS GREEN (12002-03-8) Contact with strong oxidizers chlorine, fluorine, peroxides may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or may form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate.
MIXED ACID (61% sulfuric/36%nitric) See Nitrating Acid. MIXED PRIMARY AMYL NITRATES (1002-16-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 118"F/48"C). Prolonged contact with air, water, strong light may cause
822
MIXTURE of BENZENE, TOLUENE, XYLENES
decomposition. An oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong acids, combustibles. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
MIXTURE of BENZENE, TOLUENE, XYLENES (8030-31-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, nitric acid. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MLT (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MME (80-62-6) Forms beat-sensitive explosive mixture with air (flash point 50°F/100C). Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, benzoyl peroxide, or other polymerization initiators. Elevated temperatures, light, contamination can cause spontaneous, explosive polymerization. Incompatible with caustics, nitrates, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. MMH (60-34-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 17"F/-8"C). Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously in air. A highly reactive reducing agent and medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dicyanofurazan, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, nitrogen tetroxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate, porous materials such as earth, asbestos, wood, and cloth. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. May explode if heated or when in contact with oxides of iron or copper. Contact with manganese, lead, copper, or their alloys may cause fire and explosions. Attacks cork, some plastics, coatings, and rubber. 2-MMT (12108-13-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 230°F/l10"C cc). Ignites spontaneously in air. Sunlight causes rapid decomposition. Reacts with water or steam, producing toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen tetroxide. Incompatible with strong acids, hydroxylamine. MNBK (591-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 57"F/14"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts, possibly violently, with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium-tert-butoxide. Mixtures with hydrogen peroxide may form unstable peroxides. Attacks many plastics, resins, and rubber. MNT (99-08-1) Combustible liquid (222"F/106"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, alkalis (e.g., sodium hydroxide), ammonia, amines, reducing agents, strong oxidizers. Elevated temperature may cause explosive decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MOHR'S SALT (10045-89-3) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, ammonium perchlorate, mercury(I1) dinitrate,
MONDUR~P
823
peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide, tetranitromethane. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(S-tetrazoyl) triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride.
MOLASSES ALCOHOL (64-17-5) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point 5S0F/13"C; 68"F/2OoC (80%);72"F/22"C (60%);79OF126"C (40%)]. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, bases, acetic anhydride, acetyl bromide, acetyl chloride, aliphatic amines, bromine pentafluoride, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, chloryl perchlorate, disulfuryl difluoride, ethylene glycol methyl ether, iodine heptafluoride, isocyanates, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchlorates, platinum, potassium-tert-butoxide, potassium, potassium oxide, potassium peroxide, phosphoms(I11) oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sulfuric acid, oleum, sodium, sodium hydrazide, sodium peroxide, sulfinyl cyanamide, tetrachlorosilane, striazine-2,4,6-triol, triethoxydialuminum tribromide, triethylaluminum, uranium fluoride, xenon tetrafluoride. Mixture with mercury nitrate(I1) forms explosive mercury fulminate. Forms explosive complexes with perchlorates, magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), silver perchlorate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MOLATOC@ (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/l01"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
MOLCER@(119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 21 3"F/101 "C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
MOLOFAC@ (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/l01"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
MOLOLO (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 38OoF/193"C).Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions.
MOLYBDATE (7439-98-7) Finely divided particles are a flammable solid and form explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, heat, or ignition source.
MOLYBDENUM (7439-98-7) Finely divided particles are a flammable solid and form explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, heat, or ignition source. MOLYBDENUM TRIOXIDE or MOLYBDENUM(V1) OXIDE (1313-27-5) Violent reaction with interhalogens. Incompatible with alkali metals, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium.
MOLYBDIC ANHYDRIDE (1313-27-5) Violent reaction with interhalogens. Incompatible with alkali metals, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium.
MOLYBDIC TRIOXIDE (1313-27-5) Violent reaction with interhalogens. Incompatible with alkali metals, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium.
MONDUR@P (103-71-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 122"F/SOoC). Reacts with water and alcohol; violent reaction with hot water, steam, evolving heat, carbon
824
MONDURO TDS
dioxide, and cyanide fumes. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, ammonia, glycols, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, caprolactum, mercaptans, strong acids, strong bases. Attacks steel, copper, and its alloys.
MONDUR@TDS (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter). amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene- 1,3disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produces nitrogen oxides and isocyanates. MONOGERMANE (7782-65-2) Flammable and poisonous gas. Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously in air. Violent reaction with oxidizers and halogens. Contact with water may cause ignition from evolution of hydrogen. MONOGLYME (110-71-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 29"F/-2"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, lithium tetrahydroaluminate. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, isocyanates. May be able to form unstable peroxides upon standing. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MONOHYDRATED SELENIUM DIOXIDE (7783-00-8) Reacts with air, forming selenium oxide and water. Reacts with oxidizers, forming selenic acid, and with reducing agents, forming selenium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. MONOHYDROXY BENZENE (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point I74"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc. MONOHYDROXYMETHANE (67-56-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 50"F/10°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetyl bromide, alkyl aluminum salts, beryllium dihydride, bromine, chromic acid, I-chloro-3,3-difluoro-2-methoxycyclopropene, cyanuric chloride, diethylzinc, isophthaloyl chloride, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassiumtert-butoxide, potassium sulfur diimide, Raneynickel catalysts, 2,4,6-trichlorotriazine, triethyIncompatible with strong acids, strong laluminum, 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-methoxycycIopropene. caustics, alkalineearth and alkali metals, aliphatic amines, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, 1,3-bis(di-n-cycIopentadienyliron)-2-propen-1-one, calcium carbide, chromic anhydride, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, dichloromethane, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, magnesium, methyl azide, nitrogen dioxide, palladium, pentafluoroguanidine, perchloryl fluoride, phosphorus pentasulfide, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum.
MONOMETHYLAMINOETHANOL
825
Mixtures with lead perchlorate, sodium hypochlorite are explosive. May react with metallic aluminum at high temperature. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MONOIODOMETHANE (74-88-4) Heat, light, and moisture contribute to instability. Reacts slowly with water, steam, or moisture in air, forming corrosive hydrogen iodide. Violent reaction with oxygen (above 57OoF/298"C), silver chlorite, trialkylphosphines. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkali and alkaline earth metals, sodium. Forms explosive heat-, friction-, shock-sensitive compound with silver chlorite. MONOISOBUTYLAMINE (78-81-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). An organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkali metals, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, copper and its alloys, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. MONOISOPROPANOLAMINE(78-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 159"F/71°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, 2,4-hexadienal, nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, nitrocompounds, perchlorates. May attack aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MONOISOPROPYLAMINE (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -58"F/-5OoC). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids Contact with (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins, holocarbons, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane. perchloryl fluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper compounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and its alloys, zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MONOMETHYLAMINE (74-89-5) Extremely flammable gas [flash point (35% in H,O) O T - 18°C; (40% in H,O) 14"F/- 10°C]. Aqueous solution is a medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitrated hydrocarbons. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, halogens, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Aqueous solution attacks aluminum, copper, lead, magnesium, tin, zinc, and their alloys: galvanized surfaces; some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Commercial product can be a flammable 35-48% aqueous solution. MONOMETHYLAMINOETHANOL (109-83-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C oc). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene
826
MONOMETHYL ANILINE or N-MONOMETHYLANILINE
dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys.
MONOMETHYL ANILINE or N-MONOMETHYLANILINE (100-61-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MONOMETHYL ETHANOLAMINE (109-83-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C oc). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. MONOMETHYL HYDRAZINE (60-34-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 17"F/-8"C). Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously in air. A highly reactive reducing agent and medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dicyanofurazan, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, nitrogen tetroxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate, porous materials such as earth, asbestos, wood, and cloth. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. May explode if heated or when in contact with oxides of iron or copper. Contact with manganese, lead, copper, or their alloys may cause fire and explosions. Attacks cork, some plastics, coatings, and rubber. MONONITROGEN MONOXIDE (10102-43-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with air, forming nitrogen dioxide. Violent reaction with reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, butadiene, carbon disulfide, charcoal, chromium powders, dichlorine oxide, 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene, ethers, ethylene oxide, hydrogen, methanol, nitrogen chloride, oxygen, oxygen difluoride, oxygen, perchloryl fluoride, perfluoro-tert-nitrosobutane, phosphine, red phosphorus, rubidium acetylide, potassium sulfide, vinyl chloride, vinyl methyl ether. Forms an explosive product with propylene. Incompatible with combustible materials, calcium, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclopentadiene, fluorine, iron pentacarbonyl, metal powders, metal acetylides, metal carbides, potassium, ozone, tungsten carbide, uranium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of air andor moisture. MONO PE (115-77-5) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust cloud forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with organic acids, oxidizers, thiophosphoryl chloride. MONOPHENYLHYDRAZINE (100-63-0) A highly reactive reducing agent. Combustible solid (flash point 19OoF/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with oxidizers: calcium hypochlorite, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchlo3-(3-cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4rates; methyl iodide, 2-phenylamino-3-phenyloxazirane, cyanofurazan-2-(5) oxide, dicyanofurazan, dicyanofurazan-n-oxide, lead dioxide. Mixture with perchloryl fluoride forms an explosive material. Incompatible with oxides of iron,
MONOXIDO de NITROGENO
827
copper, manganese, and their alloys; methyl iodide, sodium dichlorocyanurate, and many organic compounds. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; and cork, sand. Contact with cotton clothing may ignite spontaneously.
MONOPROPYLAMINE or MONO-N-PROPYLAMINE (107-10-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -35"F/-37"C). A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers: chlorine, fluorine, hypochlorites, mercury, strong acids, nitroparaffins, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, glycols, and other reactive organic compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, triethyl aluminum, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Aqueous solutions may attack glass. MONOPROPYLENE GLYCOL (57-55-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 210"F/ 99°C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. MONOSILANE (7803-62-5) A flammable gas. Pyrophoric may spontaneously ignite or explode on contact with air. Contact with water or steam causes a violent reaction and the formation of hydrogen chloride. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, covalent halides, halogens, potassium hydroxide solution. Explodes in oxygen or at elevated temperatures above 750°F/398"C. MONOSAN (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/1 SO'C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. MONOSODIUM SALT of SULFUROUS ACID (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals. MONOTHIOETHYLENEGLYCOL(60-24-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"FI 74°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. MONOXIDO de CARBON0 (Spanish) (630-08-0) Flammable gas; forms extremely explosive mixture with air. A strong reducing agent. Violent and/or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, oxygen, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, halogens, iron oxide, nitrogen trifluoride, peroxydisulfuryl difluoride, silver oxide. Mixtures with cesium monoxide, copper perchlorate, potassium, oxygen difluoride, or sodium form explosive compounds that are heat-, spark-, impact-, or water-sensitive. MONOXIDO de NITROGENO (Spanish) (10102-43-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with air, forming nitrogen dioxide. Violent reaction with reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, butadiene, carbon disulfide, charcoal, chromium powders, dichlorine oxide, 1,3,5cycloheptatriene, ethers, ethylene oxide, hydrogen, methanol, nitrogen chloride, oxygen, oxygen difluoride, oxygen, perchloryl fluoride, perfluoro-tert-nitrosobutane, phosphine, red phosphorus, rubidium acetylide, potassium sulfide, vinyl chloride, vinyl methyl ether. Forms
828
MONOXIDO de SILICIO
an explosive product with propylene. Incompatible with combustible materials, calcium, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclopentadiene, fluorine, iron pentacarbonyl, metal powders, metal acetylides, metal carbides, potassium, ozone, tungsten carbide, uranium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of air andor moisture.
MONOXIDO de SILICIO (10097-28-6) Highly flammable solid. Dust powder or other finely dispersed particles may self-ignite in air. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitric acid, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sulfuric acid. Exothermic reaction with hydrogen chloride. Incompatible with lead dioxide, magnesium. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow.
MONTAR (1336-36-3) See PCBs. MONTREL (299-86-5) Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Alkalis, strong acids, and elevated temperatures cause decomposition, forming fumes of chlorine, nitrogen oxides, and phosphorus oxides. Unstable over long periods of time in water and at temperatures above 140°F/600C. MOON (56-81-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 39OoF/199"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, calcium hypochloride, chlorine, chromic anhydride, chromium oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus triiodide, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, silver perchlorate, sodium hydride, sodium peroxide, sodium triiodide, sodium tetrahydroborate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, uranium fluoride. Able to polymerize above 293"F/14S0C.
MORBICID@(50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 18S°F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-1 76"F/5O0-8OoC]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
MORFOLINA (Spanish) (110-91-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 98"F/37"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, nitrocompounds, perchlorates. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MORPHOLINE (110-91-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 98"F/37"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids, strong oxidizers, cellulose nitrate, nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols,
MOTOR FUEL ANTI-KNOCK COMPOUND
829
phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, nitrocompounds, perchlorates. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
MORTON@ WP-161-E (556-61-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90°F/32"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, chlorates (e.g., potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate), ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam solution, nitrates, nitric acid, organic peroxides, peroxides, strong oxidizers. MORTOPAL@(107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300°F/1 50°C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. MOSCARDA@ (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >32S0F/>163"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MOSS GREEN (12002-03-8) Contact with strong oxidizers chlorine, fluorine, peroxides may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or may form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate. MOTOPAL@(107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300"F/150°C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. MOTOR BENZOL (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 1l°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MOTOR FUEL (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point (73 octane) -45"F/-43"C; (100 octane) -36"F/-3S0C]. Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MOTOR FUEL ANTI-KNOCK COMPOUND (75-74-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100°F/38"C). Decomposes in water to form trimethyl salt -+ diethyl salt -+ inorganic lead salt. Violent reaction with oxidizers, sulfuryl chloride, potassium permanganate, tetrachlorotrifluoromethylphosphorane. Decomposes in sunlight and in elevated
830
MOTOR FUEL ANTI-KNOCK COMPOUND
temperatures above 212"F/100°C; explosion above 608"F/320°C. Strong oxidizers and strong acids cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. More stable than tetraethyllead.
MOTOR FUEL ANTI-KNOCK COMPOUND (78-00-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 200°F/93"C; also listed at I 76"F/8OoC).Decomposes in sunlight and elevated temperatures above 230°F/1 10"C, forming triethyl lead; explodes above 608"F/320°C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, concentrated acids. Corrodes rubber. Attacks some plastics and coatings. MOTOR SPIRIT (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point (73 octane) - 4 5 T - 4 3 " C ; (100 octane) - 3 6 T - 38"CI. Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MOTOX@(8001-35-2) The solid bums with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 loF/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. MOXIE (72-43-5) Combustible solid; difficult to ignite. Liquid forms dissolved in hydrocarbons (flash point about 100-1 50°F/38-66"C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzes in alkali. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MOXONE (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/1 8O0C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. MPK (107-87-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 45"F/7"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, aldehydes, bromine trifluoride, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MPTD (676-97-1) Reacts violently with water, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride fumes. Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. In the presence of moisture, attacks metals; can cause pitting and stress corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. MTD (95-80-7) Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, chloroformates, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Contact with diisopropyl perdicarbonate may cause explosion. Attacks aluminum, brass, bronze, copper, zinc. MULHOUSE@WHITE (7446-14-2) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium. MULTRATHANE@M (101-68-8) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C). Violent reaction with acids, bases, alcohols, amines. Incompatible with ammonia, amides, glycols, caprolactam. Unstable above 100°F/38"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts slowly with water.
MYCROLYSIN~
831
MURFOS@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/1 ZOOC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. MURIACITE (7778-18-9) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, diazomethane, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, red phosphorus, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. May form explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. MURIATICACID (7647-01-0) Hydrogen chloride gas is quickly absorbed in water, forming hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Violent reaction with bases, strong oxidizers (with release of chlorine gas), acetic anhydride, cesium cyanotridecahydrodecaborate(2-), ethylidine difluoride, hexalithium disilicide, metal acetylides, sodium, silicon dioxide, tetraselenium tetranitride, and many organic materials. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aluminum, aluminum-titanium alloys, aromatic amines, amides, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal carbides, oleum, organic anhydrides, perchloric acid, 3-propiolactone, sulfuric acid, uranium phosphide, vinyl acetate, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks most metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. MURIATIC ETHER (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58"F/-50°C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. MUTHMANN'S LIQUID (79-27-6) Decomposes above 374"F/190°C; the presence of halogens and heavy metal derivatives may increase the sensitivity of this material. Reacts with alkalis, oxidizers, chemically active metals. Hot iron, aluminum, or zinc in the presence of steam may produce toxic vapors. Softens or destroys most plastics and rubbers. MUTOXIN@(50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers. MXDA (1477-55-0) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. MYCROLYSIN@(76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals.
832
MYOCON~
MYOCONO (55-63-0) Heat-, UV-, acid-, friction-, shock-sensitive high explosive. A flammable liquid (at flash point explodes). Hydrolyzed in water, forming an explosive solution of nitric acid and glycerol. Explodes on contact with ozone or in temperatures above approximately 35O0F/176°C. The pure material is rarely used; the commercial material is desensitized.
MYRCENE (123-35-3)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 103"F/40°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
MYRISTIC ALCOHOL or MYRISTYL ALCOHOL (112-72-1) Combustible solid (flash point 285"F/14O0C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL (112-72-1) Combustible solid (flash point 285"F/14O0C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
N NACAP (2492-26-4) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite, strong bases. Concentrated aqueous solutions are corrosive. NACCONATE@ 100 (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene- 1,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produces nitrogen oxides and isocyanates. NACCONATE@300 (101-68-8) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C). Violent reaction with acids, bases, alcohols, amines. Incompatible with ammonia, amides, glycols, caprolactam. Unstable above 1OO0F/38"C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts slowly with water. NACCONOL@ 988 A (27176-87-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1OO0F/38"C).Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with alkalis. Corrosive to metals. NADONE@ (108-94-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I I IoF/44"C). Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid above 165"F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NAFTA del ALQUITRAN de HULIA (Spanish) (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100°-107"F/37"42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NAFTALENO (Spanish) (91-20-3) Combustible solid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Dust, powder, or vapors form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen pentaoxide, chromium trioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. a-NAFTILAMINA or 1-NAFTILAMINA (Italian, Spanish) (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 315"F/157"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosions. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl 833
834
P-NAFTILAMINA
perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
P-NAFTILAMINA (Italian, Spanish) (91-59-8) Combustible solid (flash point 374"F/190°C). Hydrolyzed in water, forming an alkaline solution. Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Oxidizes in the presence of air and light; material darkens to brown or purple. NAH@80 (7646-69-7) Flammable solid. Finely dispersed material forms explosive mixture with air; contact with moist air can cause spontaneous combustion. Contact with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols is potentially explosive, with release of flammable hydrogen gas. Violent reaction with ethyl-2,2,3-trifluoropropionateReacts, possibly violently, with acetylene, dimethylformamide, halogens, ethyl 2,2,3-trifluoropropionate, oxygen, strong oxidizers, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerin, halogens, sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with most common extinguishers. On fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-1 powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. NAKO@(106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 3 12"F/156"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. NAKO@TGG (108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261°F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. NAKO@YELLOW EGA (95-55-6) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. NALCO@680 (1302-42-7; 11138-49-1) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocarbons, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc. NALCO@7046 (2425-06-1) Incompatible with acids or acid vapor. Strongly alkaline conditions contribute to instability. NALED (300-76-5) Degraded by UV light or sunlight. Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzed by water; rapidly hydrolyzed in alkali solutions. Corrosive to metals.
NAPHTHALENE
835
NANCHOR@(299-84-3) Temperatures above 30OoF/150"C may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NANKERB (299-84-3) Temperatures above 300°F/1500C may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NAPCHLOR@-G(131-52-2) Reacts with water, forming an alkaline solution. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition with organic acids; hydrogen chloride and phosgene fumes may be evolved. Incompatible with boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum and copper. NAPHID@(1338-24-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 30OoF/149"C oc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Generally corrosive to metals. NAPHTHA (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/ 37'42°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NAPHTHA (8030-31-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/ 37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, nitric acid. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NAPHTHA, COAL TAR (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NAPHTHA DISTILLATE (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1-NAPHTHALENAMINE (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 15"F/157"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosions. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. NAPHTHALENE (91-20-3) Combustible solid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Dust, powder, or vapors form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen pentaoxide, chromium trioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
836
NAPHTHALIDAM
NAPHTHALIDAM (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 15"F/157"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosions. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. NAPHTHALIDINE (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 15"F/157"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosions. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. NAPHTHANE (91-17-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 136"F/58"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions. NAPHTHA, PETROLEUM (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NAPHTHA SAFETY SOLVENT (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-1 40"F/38"-6OoC). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NAPHTHA: SOLVENT (8002-05-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O"F/- 18°C; boiling point 95-14OoF/35-60"C).* Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.*Note: For mixtures of aliphatic hydrocarbons, flash point varies depending on boiling point. Generally, the lower the boiling point, the higher the vapor pressure at 20°C, and the lower the flash point. NAPHTHA SOLVENT (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics. rubber, and coatings. NAPHTHA: STODDARD SOLVENT (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1O0"-14O"F/38"-6O0C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NAPHTHA: VM&P (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"F/-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NAPHTHENIC ACID or NAPHTHENIC ACIDS (1338-24-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 300°F/149"C oc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Generally corrosive to metals.
1 -NAPHTHYL-THIOHARNSTOFF
837
NAPHTHENIC ACID, COPPER SALT (1338-02-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100°F/38"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Mixtures with 1,3-di(S-tetrazoyI)triazeneare heat- and friction-sensitive explosives. Increases the sensitivity of explosive hydrazinium perchlorate Incompatible with acetylene, ammonium nitrate, mercurous chloride, picric acid, silver nitrate. 1-NAPHTHOL (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. 1-NAPHTHOL N-METHYLCARBAMATE (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. 1-NAPHTHYLAMIN (German) (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 3 lS°F/ 157°C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosions. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. 1-NAPHTHYLAMINE or a-NAPHTHYLAMINE (134-32-7) Combustible solid (flash point 315"F/lS7"C). Oxidizes in air. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong acids can cause fire or explosions. Violent reaction with isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. N-(1-NAPHTHYL)ANILINE (90-30-2) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1-NAPHTHYLMETHYLCARBAMATE (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. 1-NAPHTHYL N-METHYLCARBAMATE or a-NAPHTHYL N-METHYLCARBAMATE (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. 2-NAPHTHYLPHENYLAMINE or P-NAPHTHYLPHENYLAMINE (135-88-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture in air. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. a-NAPHTHYLTHIOCARBAMIDE (86-88-4) Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with silver nitrate. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with hexanitroethane.
1-NAPHTHYL-THIOHARNSTOFF (German) (86-88-4) Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with silver nitrate. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with hexanitroethane.
838
I-NAPHTHYL THIOUREA, I-( I-NAPHTHYL)-2-THIOURA, or N-( l-NAPHTHYL)-2-THIOUREA
1-NAPHTHYL THIOUREA, l-(l-NAPHTHYL)-2-THIOUREA, or N-(1-NAPHTHYLI2-THIOUREA (86-88-4) Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with silver nitrate. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with hexanitroethane.
a-NAPHTHYLTHIOUREA (86-88-4) Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with silver nitrate. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with hexanitroethane.
1-NAPHTHYL-THIOUREE (French) (86-88-4) Strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Reacts with silver nitrate. Forms sensitive explosive mixture with hexanitroethane. NAPHTOELAN ORANGE R BASE (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 309"F/154"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NAPHTOL AS-KG@ (106-49-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 188"F/87"C). Light causes slow decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, including red fuming nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1-NAPHTYL N-METHYL-CARBAMATE (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. NAPTHALANE (Note: do not confuse with naphthalene) (91-17-8)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 136"F/58"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers; may cause fire and explosions.
NAPTHALIN or NAPTHALINE (91-20-3) Combustible solid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Dust, powder, or vapors form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen pentaoxide, chromium trioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NARCOGEN@ (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium: aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
NATRIUM
839
NARCOTILE@(75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58"F/-5OoC). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NARCYLEN@(74-86-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flammable gas). May polymerize due to heating. May decompose in air due to heating and elevated pressure, causing powerful detonation. A strong reducing agent that reacts violently with oxidizers (i.e., chlorine, fluorine), especially under the influence of light. Forms shock-sensitive acetylide compounds with powdered active metals; copper, copper salts, mercury, mercury salts, silver, silver salts. Reacts with chlorine, forming acetylene chloride. Reacts with bromine, cesium hydride, cobalt, halogens, iodine, mercuric nitrate, nitric acid, potassium, rubidium hydride, trifluoromethyl hypofluorite, sodium hydride, ferrosilicon, ozone. NARKOSOID@(79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. NATA (76-03-9) The aqueous solution is a strong acid. Generally stable if moisture is not present. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Corrosive to metals, including iron, zinc, and aluminum. NATAL (76-03-9) The aqueous solution is a strong acid. Generally stable if moisture is not present. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Corrosive to metals, including iron, zinc, and aluminum. NATRIUM (German) (7440-23-5) Extremely flammable solid (autoignition temperature 239"Fl115"C, evolving sodium oxide). Exposure to moist air produces unstable peroxides and/or can cause spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, forming flammable hydrogen gas, sodium hydroxide, heat. Fire often occurs. A powerful reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, antimony chloride, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, chloroform, copper oxide, diazomethane, dibromomethylborane, haloids, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, heavy metal oxides, hexachlorocyclopentadiene, hydrazine hydrate, iodine monchloride, iodine pentafluoride, iron bromide, lead dioxide, maleic anhydride, manganese chloride, methyl chloride, methyl iodide, nitrous oxide,
840
NATRIUMAZID
nitrosyl fluoride, nitrotoluene, nitryl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, phosgene, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, seleninyl bromide, silver bromide, silver chloride, silver fluoride, silver iodide, sodium peroxide, sulfur, tetrachloroethane, trichloroethylene, vanadium oxytrichloride, and many other substances. Forms explosive compounds with many substances, including aluminum bromide, ammonium nitrate, arsenic iodide, ferric chloride, nitrotoluene, sodium nitrate. Incompatible with many substances, including boron trifluoride, chromic acid, cobalt bromide, cobalt chloride, mercury oxide, thionyl chloride, titanium dioxide. Violent reaction with most common extinguishers; on fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-1 powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. Separate from all other materials and moisture of any kind. Store under inert gas or liquid hydrocarbons.
NATRIUMAZID (German) (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 52S0F/274"C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals: copper, its alloys, lead, silver, mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibromomalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene. NATRIUMCHLORAT (German) (7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below S72"F/30OoC,liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. NATRIUMDICHROMAT (German) (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,I -dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichIoropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with m-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum copper, brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture. NATRIUMHYDROXID (German) (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylpheno1, 2,2-dichloro-3,3-
NBA
841
dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4.5-tetrachIorobenzene(highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro- 1-propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, a c y lonitrile, ally1 chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene- 1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2-nitropheno1, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, and/or shock-sensitive, explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2,5-0xadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn- 1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea, trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas.
NATRIUMRHODANID (German) (540-72-7) Exposure to light causes slow decomposition, forming cyanide, sulfur oxides, and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with organic peroxides, nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorates, ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam, nitrates, peroxides, potassium chlorate, potassium iodate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium nitrate. NATURAL ANHYDRITE (7778-18-9) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine tritluoride, diazomethane, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, red phosphorus, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. May form explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. NATURAL GAS or NATURAL GAS, REFRIGERATED LIQUID (74-82-8) Flammable gas (flash point - 3 0 4 T - 187°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with halogens, interhalogens. NATURAL GASOLINE (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point I 10°C cc). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, alkylene oxide, epichlorohydrin. NEO-FAT 18-61 (57-11-4) Combustible solid (flash point 38S°F/196"F; molten 41Oo-435"F/2 10"-224"C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks chemically active metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and zinc.
NEO-SCABICIDOL@
845
NEO-FAT 90-04 (112-80-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 372"F/189"C cc). An organic acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, finely divided aluminum, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum; reaction may be violent when this material is peroxidized. NEOHEXANE or NEOHEXANE (75-83-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -54"F/-4SoC). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. NEOLID (8001-79-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 44S0F/229"C). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, nitrates. NEOPENTANE (463-82-1) Flammable gas (flash point 185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive
NITRATE de BARYUM
853
sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 4OoF/4.4"C.
4-NITRANBINE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 39OoF/199"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (298"F1148"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-NITRANILINE (88-74-4) Combustible solid (flash point 335"F/168"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, nitric acid, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. rn-NITRANILINE (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 309"F/154"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NITRAPYRIN (1929-82-4) Reacts with aluminum, magnesium, or their alloys. NITRATE d'AMYLE (French) (1002-16-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 I8"F/48"C). Prolonged contact with air, water, strong light may cause decomposition. An oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong acids, combustibles. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRATE d'ARGENT (French) (7761-88-8) A powerful oxidizer. Forms friction- and shock-sensitive compounds with many materials, including acetylene, anhydrous ammonia (produces compounds that are explosive when dry), 1,3-butadiyne, buten-3-yne, calcium carbide, dicopper acetylide. Contact with hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Violent reaction with chlorine trifluoride, metal powders, nitrous acid, phosphonium iodide, red or yellow phosphorus, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylides, acrylonitrile, alcohols, alkalis, ammonium hydroxide, arsenic, arsenites, bromides, carbonates, carbon materials, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, cocaine chloride, hypophosphites, iodides, iodoform, magnesium, methyl acetylene, phosphates, phosphine, salts of antimony or iron, sodium salicylate, tannic acid, tartrates, thiocyanates. Attacks chemically active metals and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NITRATE de BARYUM (French) (10022-31-8) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustibles, strong acids, other oxidizers. Mixtures with sulfur, finely
854
NITRATE FERTILIZERS
divided metals (especially aluminum and magnesium alloys) can form shock- and frictionsensitive compounds. Contact with ammonium nitrate may cause spontaneous fire or explosions.
NITRATE FERTILIZERS Combustible solids (autoignition about 300°F/148"C). Elevated temperatures or contact with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids can cause decomposition with formation toxic andlor corrosive vapors and materials (e.g., nitrous vapors, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, or hydrochloric acid). Combustible mixtures containing chlorides deflagrate with autocombustion throughout the surface of the entire mass. See individual entries. NITRATE MERCUREUX (French) (10415-75-5) Not flammable but will intensify fire. Dissolves in water, forming a cloudy acid solution. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, phosphinic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Produces heat- and impact-sensitive compounds with fluoroacetylene, nitroguanidine, 5-nitrotetrazol, picric acid, phosphorus. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)tazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. Incompatible with alkalis, sulfides, ammonia, alcohols. Aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. NITRATE MERCURIQUE (French) (10045-94-0) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, phosphinic acid, hypophosphoric acid, petroleum hydrocarbons. Forms heat- and/or shock-sensitive compounds with acetylene (forms mercury acetylide), ethanol (forms mercury fulminate), ferrocene, isobutene, phosphine, potassium cyanide, sulfur. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, ammonia, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), organic azides, citric acid, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid, thiocyanates, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. Aqueous solution corrodes metals. NITRATE de PROPYLE NORMAL (French) (627-13-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 68"F/2OoC). Thermally unstable, heat- and shock-sensitive explosive. Decomposes above 347"F/175"C. Desensitized with 1-2% butane, chloroform, dimethyl or diethyl ether, propane. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials, other strong oxidizers. Forms explosive mixtures with combustible materials, organic substances. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NITRATE de SODIUM (French) (7631-99-4) Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures above 7 16"F/38OoC cause ignition; explodes above 10OO0F/537"C.A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible substances, strong acids, organic substances, powdered metals, alcohols, acetic anhydride, bitumens, ethers, glycols. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, boron phosphide, cyanides, 1,l-dichloro- 1nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, metal cyanides, peroxyformic acid, sodium
NITRATO AMONICO
855
hypophosphite, s-trioxane. Forms heat-, friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organics, powders of aluminum, antimony, magnesium, zirconium, metal amidosulfates, red phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sodium thiosulfate. Incompatible with barium thiocyanate, m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. Attacks chemically active metals.
NITRATE de ZINC (French) (7779-88-6) Noncombustible, but will enhance the combustibility of other materials. Many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible matcrials, organic substances, metallic powders, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, carbon, dimethylformamide, metal cyanides, metal sulfides, phosphorus, sodium acetylide, sulfur, thiocyanates. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, ditrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRATINE (7631-99-4) Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures above 7 16"F/38OoCcause ignition; explodes above 10OO0F/537"C.A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials including reducing agents, Combustible substances, strong acids, organic substances, powdered metals, alcohols, acetic anhydride, bitumens, ethers, glycols. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, boron phosphide, cyanides, 1 , l -dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, metal cyanides, peroxyformic acid, sodium hypophosphite, s-trioxane. Forms heat-, friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organics, powders of aluminum, antimony, magnesium, zirconium, metal amidosulfates, red phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sodium thiosulfate. Incompatible with barium thiocyanate, rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. Attacks chemically active metals. NITRATING ACID [legal label name for various concentrations of sulfuric and nitric acid mixtures (mixed acid; often 61 % sulfuric/36% nitric)]. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, bases, 1,2-dimethyl-2-trimethylsilylhydrazine, phthalic anhydride, lithium-2,2-dimethyltrimethylsilylhydrazide, nitronaphthalene, organic solvents, and other organic materials. Violent reaction when water is added to acid; to dilute, always add acid to water. See Nitric Acid and Sulfuric Acid. NITRATO ALUMINICO (Spanish) (13473-90-0) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, organics, reducing agents, acetonitrile. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; reacts with bases. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRATO de AMILO (Spanish) (1002-16-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 18"F/4S°C).Prolonged contact with air, water, strong light may cause decomposition. An oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong acids, combustibles. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRATO AMONICO (Spanish) (6484-52-2) A strong oxidizer. An ingredient in dynamite. Violent reaction and/or the formation of explosive mixtures with hot water, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, ammonium dichromate, barium chloride, barium nitrate, charcoal, cyanoguanidine, phosphorus, potassium chromate, potassium
856
NITRATO BARICO
dichromate, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate, sodium chloride, finely divided metals. Forms explosive or heat- and shock-sensitive compounds with acetic acid, alkali metals (potassium, sodium, etc.), ammonia, nitric acid, sodium hypochlorite, sulfur, urea. At elevated temperatures, contained or confined material may explode violently.
NITRATO BARICO (Spanish) (10022-31-8) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustibles, strong acids, other oxidizers. Mixtures with sulfur, finely divided metals (especially aluminum and magnesium alloys) can form shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Contact with ammonium nitrate may cause spontaneous fire or explosions. NITRATO CALCICO (Spanish) (10124-37-5) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials. Forms shock-sensitive mixtures with organic contaminants. Incompatible with combustible materials (wood, cloth, oil, grease, etc.), organics, and other easily oxidizable materials, chemically active metals, aluminum nitrate, ammonium nitrate, cyanides, esters. phosphorus, sodium hypophosphate, thyocyanates. Corrosive to many substances, including aluminum. NITRATO COBALTOSO (Spanish) (10141-05-6; 10026-22-9, hexahydrate) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, powdered aluminum, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boron phosphide, carbon, combustible materials, cyanide, esters, fuels, organic materials, sodium hypophosphite, phosphorus, sodium cyanide, stannous chloride, thiocyanates. Incompatible with acetylene. NITRATO de COBRE (Spanish) (3251-23-8) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials. acetic anhydride, ethers, potassium ferrocyanide, finely divided tin. The aqueous solution is a medium-strong acid. Incompatible with bases, acetylene, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, alkylene oxides, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, isocyanates, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRATO de ETILO (Spanish) (109-95-5) Thermally unstable. Heat around or above 19O0F/88"Ccan cause explosive decomposition (may not need air or oxygen). Decomposes in air, sunlight, or moisture. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3loF/-35"C). A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with acids, acid fumes, amines, ammonia, cyanides, reducing agents, other strong oxidizers, salts. NITRATO de ISOAMILO (Spanish) (110-46-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O T - 1SOC). Prolonged contact with light, air, or water causes decomposition, producing oxides of nitrogen. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and other strong oxidizers. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. NITRATO MAGNESICO (Spanish) (10377-60-3) A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with dimethylformamide, reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, metal powders. potassium hexanitrocobalite(II1) (C.I. pigment yellow), sodium acetylide, and easily oxidizable matter. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), tert-butylhydroperoxide, citric acid, ethanol, ferrocyanides, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, metal phosphinates, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, phosphorus, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid, thiocyanates, tin(1I) fluoride, and many other substances.
NITRATO SODICO
857
NITRATO MERCURIC0 (Spanish) (10045-94-0) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, phosphinic acid, hypophosphoric acid, petroleum hydrocarbons. Forms heat- and/or shock-sensitive compounds with acetylene (forms mercury acetylide), ethanol (forms mercury fulminate), ferrocene, isobutene, phosphine, potassium cyanide, sulfur. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, ammonia, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), organic azides, citric acid, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid, thiocyanates, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. Aqueous solution corrodes metals.
NITRATO de PLATA (Spanish) (7761-88-8) A powerful oxidizer. Forms friction- and shock-sensitive compounds with many materials, including acetylene, anhydrous ammonia (produces compounds that are explosive when dry), 1,3-butadiyne, buten-3-yne, calcium carbide, dicopper acetylide. Contact with hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Violent reaction with chlorine trifluoride, metal powders, nitrous acid, phosphonium iodide, red or yellow phosphorus, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylides, acrylonitrile, alcohols, alkalis, ammoniuni hydroxide, arsenic, arsenites, bromides, carbonates, carbon materials, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, cocaine chloride, hypophosphites, iodides, iodoform, magnesium, methyl acetylene, phosphates, phosphine, salts of antimony or iron, sodium salicylate, tannic acid, tartrates, thiocyanates. Attacks chemically active metals and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
NITRATO POTASICO (Spanish) (7757-79-1) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, producing nitrous fumes. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, alcohols, ammonium nitrate, amines, antimony, arsenic, arsenic bisulfide, boron, boron phosphide, calcium sulfide, carbon materials, combustible materials, ethers, fluorine, finely divided metals, metal sulfides, organic substances, nitric acid, phosphides, potassium, phosphorus, sodium acetate, sulfuric acid, thorium dicarbide. Forms explosive mixtures with many substances, including arsenic pentasulfide, sodium acetate, lactose, molybdic sulfide, sodium hypophosphite, trichloroethylene, metal powders, aluminum, titanium, zinc, zirconium, etc. Incompatible with 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, chromium nitride, germanium, germanium sulfide. NITRATO de n-PROPILO (Spanish) (627-13-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 68"F/2OoC). Thermally unstable, heat- and shock-sensitive explosive. Decomposes above 347"F/175"C. Desensitized with 1.2% butane, chloroform, dimethyl or diethyl ether, propane. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials, other strong oxidizers. Forms explosive mixtures with combustible materials, organic substances. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NITRATO SODICO (Spanish) (7631-99-4)
Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures above 7 16"F/38OoC cause ignition; explodes above IOO0°F/537"C. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible substances, strong acids, organic substances, powdered metals, alcohols, acetic anhydride, bitumens, ethers, glycols. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, boron phosphide, cyanides, 1,l-dichloro- 1-
858
NITRATO de ZINC
nitroethane, I ,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, metal cyanides, peroxyformic acid, sodium hypophosphite, s-trioxane. Forms heat-, friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organics, powders of aluminum, antimony, magnesium, zirconium, metal amidosulfates, red phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sodium thiosulfate. Incompatible with barium thiocyanate, rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. Attacks chemically active metals.
NITRATO de ZINC (Spanish) (7779-88-6) Noncombustible, but will enhance the combustibility of other materials. Many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible materials, organic substances, metallic powders, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, carbon, dimethylformamide, metal cyanides, metal sulfides, phosphorus, sodium acetylide, sulfur, thiocyanates. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRATO de ZIRCON10 (Spanish)(13746-89-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals, organic substances, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, metal cyanides, thiocyanates, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Incompatible with esters, many other substances. Attacks metals. NITRIC ACID (7697-37-2) A strong acid and oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming toxic and corrosive nitrous fumes. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts violently with reducing agents, bases, combustible materials, finely dispersed or powdered metals and metal alloys, acetic anhydride, acetone, acetylene, acrolein, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aliphatic amines, ally1 chloride, ammonia, aniline, anion exchange resins, 1,4-benzoquinone diimine, 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl)hydrazine, bromine pentafluoride, cadmium phosphide, carbides, cesium acetylide, chlorine pentafluoride, cresol, crotonaldehyde, cumene, cyanides, diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethyl-2-trimethylsilylhydrazine, diphenyltin, divinyl ether, N-ethylaniline, ethyl phosphine, 2-ethynylfurar1, fluorine, halides of phosphorus or sulfur, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, germanium, hydrogen iodide, lithium triethylsilyl amide, metal acetylides, 2-methylthiophene, pentanethiol, phosphorus and phosphorus vapors, polyurethane foam, potassium permanganate, resorcinol, rubber (containing lead), sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, stibine, thiophene, triethylgallium, polydibromosilane, vinyl ether, zinc ethoxide, zinc phosphide, organic solvents, and many other materials. Incompatible with many substances, including acrylates, aldehydes, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, cresols, cyclic ketones, epichlorohydrin, glycols, hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, oleum, organic anhydrides, paraldehyde, phenols, silanes, strong oxidizers, substituted allyls, sulfuric acid, terpenes, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride. Forms heat, impact, friction, or shockexplosives with acetic acid, acetoxyethylene glycol, ammonium nitrate, anilinium nitrate, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, dichloromethane, diethylaminoethanol, 3,6-dihydro1,2,2H-oxazine, dimethyl ether, dinitrobenzenes, disodium phenyl orthophosphate, 2-hexenal, metal salicylates, 3-methylcyclohexanone, nitroaromatics, nitrobenzenes, nitromethane, P-propyl acrolein, salicylic acid. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Heat
NITRIC ACID, COBALT(I1) SALT
859
causes decomposition, forming nitrogen oxides. Colorless 100%acid cannot be stored in the presence of light without formation of nitrogen dioxide, which also produces discoloration. Attacks most metals, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks most metals. In storage, separate from all other materials.
NITRIC ACID, ALUMINUM(II1) (13473-90-0) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, organics, reducing agents, acetonitrile. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; reacts with bases. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRIC ACID, ALUMINUM SALT (13473-90-0) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustibles, organics, reducing agents, acetonitrile. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; reacts with bases. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRIC ACID, AMMONIUM SALT (6484-52-2) A strong oxidizer. An ingredient in dynamite. Violent reaction andor the formation of explosive mixtures with hot water, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, ammonium dichromate, barium chloride, barium nitrate, charcoal, cyanoguanidine, phosphorus, potassium chromate, potassium dichromate, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate, sodium chloride, finely divided metals. Forms explosive or heat- and shock-sensitive compounds with acetic acid, alkali metals (potassium, sodium, etc.), ammonia, nitric acid, sodium hypochlorite, sulfur, urea. At elevated temperatures, contained or confined material may explode violently. NITRIC ACID, BARIUM SALT (10022-31-8) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustibles, strong acids, other oxidizers. Mixtures with sulfur, finely divided metals (especially aluminum and magnesium alloys) can form shock- and frictionsensitive compounds. Contact with ammonium nitrate may cause spontaneous fire or explosions. NITRIC ACID, CADMIUM SALT, TETRAHYDRATE (10022-68-1) Not flammable but will intensify fire. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride, strong oxidizers, 2-naphthol, selenium, sodium salicylate, sulfur, tellurium. Aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. NITRIC ACID, CALCIUM SALT (10124-37-5) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials. Forms shock-sensitive mixtures with organic contaminants. Incompatible with combustible materials (wood, cloth, oil, grease, etc.), organics, and other easily oxidizable materials, chemically active metals, aluminum nitrate, ammonium nitrate, cyanides, esters, phosphorus, sodium hypophosphate, thyocyanates. Corrosive to many substances, including aluminum. NITRIC ACID, COBALT(I1) SALT (10141-05-6; 10026-22-9, hexahydrate) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, powdered aluminum, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boron phosphide, carbon, combustible materials, cyanide, esters, fuels, organic materials, sodium hypophosphite, phosphorus, sodium cyanide, stannous chloride, thiocyanates. Incompatible with acetylene.
860
NITRIC ACID, COPPER(I1) SALT
NITRIC ACID, COPPER(I1) SALT (3251-23-8) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, acetic anhydride, ethers, potassium ferrocyanide, finely divided tin. The aqueous solution is a medium-strong acid. Incompatible with bases, acetylene, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, alkylene oxides, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, isocyanates, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRIC ACID, IRON(I1I) SALT or NITRIC ACID, IRON(II1) SALT (10421-48-4) Not flammable but will intensify fire. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Forms explosive materials with I ,3-di(S-tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride, sodium salicylate, 2-naphthol. Aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. NITRIC ACID, LEAD(I1) SALT (10099-74-8) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, ammonium thiocyanate, potassium hexanitrocobalite(II1) (C.I. pigment yellow), cyclopentadienyl sodium, red hot carbon, lead(I1) phosphinate, phosphorus, tin(I1) chloride. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonia, citric acid, hydrozoic acid, metal phosphinates, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, potassium acetate, strong oxidizers, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. NITRIC ACID, MAGNESIUM SALT (10377-60-3) A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with dimethylformamide, reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, metal powders, potassium hexanitrocobalite(II1) (C.I. pigment yellow), sodium acetylide, and easily oxidizable matter. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), tert-butylhydroperoxide, citric acid, ethanol, ferrocyanides, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, metal phosphinates, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, phosphorus, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid, thiocyanates, tin(I1) fluoride, and many other substances. NITRIC ACID, MERCURY(1) SALT (10415-75-5) Not flammable but will intensify fire. Dissolves in water, forming a cloudy acid solution. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, phosphinic acid, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heatexplosives. Produces heat- and impact-sensitive compounds with fluoroacetylene, nitroguanidine, 5-nitrotetrazol, picric acid, phosphorus. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride, alkalis, sulfides, ammonia, alcohols. Aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. NITRIC ACID, MERCURY(I1) SALT (10045-94-0) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, phosphinic acid, hypophosphoric acid, petroleum hydrocarbons. Forms heat- and/or shock-sensitive compounds with acetylene (forms mercury acetylide), ethanol (forms mercury fulminate), ferrocene, isobutene, phosphine, potassium cyanide, sulfur. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, ammonia, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), organic azides, citric acid, hydrazinium perchlorate,
NITRIC ACID, SODIUM SALT
861
isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid, thiocyanates, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. Aqueous solution corrodes metals.
NITRIC ACID, PENTYL ESTER (1002-16-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 118"F/48"C). Prolonged contact with air, water, strong light may cause decomposition. An oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong acids, combustibles. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NITRIC ACID, POTASSIUM SALT (7757-79-1) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, producing nitrous fumes. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, alcohols, ammonium nitrate, amines, antimony, arsenic, arsenic bisulfide, boron, boron phosphide, calcium sulfide, carbon materials, combustible materials, ethers, fluorine, finely divided metals, metal sulfides, organic substances, nitric acid, phosphides, potassium, phosphorus, sodium acetate, sulfuric acid, thorium dicarbide. Forms explosive mixtures with many substances, including arsenic pentasulfide, sodium acetate, lactose, molybdic sulfide, sodium hypophosphite, trichloroethylene, metal powders, aluminum, titanium, zinc, zirconium, etc. Incompatible with 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, chromium nitride, germanium, germanium sulfide. NITRIC ACID, PROPYL ESTER (627-13-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6S0F/20"C). Thermally unstable, heat- and shock-sensitive explosive. Decomposes above 347"F/175"C. Desensitized with 1-2% butane, chloroform, dimethyl or diethyl ether, propane. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials, other strong oxidizers. Forms explosive mixtures with combustible materials, organic substances. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NITRIC ACID, SILVER(1) SALT (7761-88-8) A powerful oxidizer. Forms friction- and shock-sensitive compounds with many materials, including acetylene, anhydrous ammonia (produces compounds that are explosive when dry), 1,3-butadiyne, buten-3-yne, calcium carbide, dicopper acetylide. Contact with hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Violent reaction with chlorine trifluoride, metal powders, nitrous acid, phosphonium iodide, red or yellow phosphorus, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylides, acrylonitrile, alcohols, alkalis, ammonium hydroxide, arsenic, arsenites, bromides, carbonates, carbon materials, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, cocaine chloride, hypophosphites, iodides, iodoform, magnesium, methyl acetylene, phosphates, phosphine, salts of antimony or iron, sodium salicylate, tannic acid, tartrates, thiocyanates. Attacks chemically active metals and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
NITRIC ACID, SODIUM SALT (7631-99-4) Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures above 7 16"F/380°C cause ignition; explodes above 100OoF/537"C.A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible substances, strong acids, organic substances, powdered metals, alcohols, acetic anhydride, bitumens, ethers, glycols. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, boron phosphide, cyanides, 1,1 -dichloro- 1nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, metal cyanides, peroxyformic acid, sodium
862
NITRIC ACID, STRONTIUM SALT
hypophosphite, s-trioxane. Forms heat-, friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organics, powders of aluminum, antimony, magnesium, zirconium, metal amidosulfates, red phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sodium thiosulfate. Incompatible with barium thiocyanate, m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene.Attacks chemically active metals.
NITRIC ACID, STRONTIUM SALT (10042-76-9) A powerful oxidizer. React violently with reducing agents, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, metal cyanides, thiocyanates, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid.
NITRIC ACID, THORIUM(1V) SALT (13823-29-5) Noncombustible but will intensify an existing fire. Reacts with water, forming a weak nitric acid solution. A strong oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, finely divided metals. Aqueous solution reacts with alkalis. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
NITRIC ACID, ZINC SALT (7779-88-6)
Noncombustible, but will enhance the combustibility of other materials. Many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible materials, organic substances, metallic powders, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, carbon, dimethylformamide, metal cyanides, metal sulfides, phosphorus, sodium acetylide, sulfur, thiocyanates. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
NITRIC ACID, ZIRCONIUM(1V) SALT (13746-89-9) A powerful oxidizer. Incompatible with reducing agents, esters, many other substances. Dangerous explosion risk in contact with organic materials. Dusts of zirconium compounds ignite and explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. Attacks metals. NITRIC OXIDE (10102-43-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with air, forming nitrogen dioxide. Violent reaction with reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, butadiene, carbon disulfide, charcoal, chromium powders, dichlorine oxide, 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene, ethers, ethylene oxide, hydrogen, methanol, nitrogen chloride, oxygen, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, perfluoro-tert-nitrosobutane,phosphine, red phosphorus, rubidium acetylide, potassium sulfide, vinyl chloride, vinyl methyl ether. Forms an explosive product with propylene. Incompatible with combustible materials, calcium, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclopentadiene, fluorine, iron pentacarbonyl, metal powders, metal acetylides, metal carbides, potassium, ozone, tungsten carbide, uranium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of air andor moisture.
NITRILE ACRILICO (Italian) (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/O0C oc). May polymerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers, amines,
NITRITO de AMILO
863
2-aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, its alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
NITRILE ACRYLIQUE (French) (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/0°C oc). May polymerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers, amines, 2aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, its alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. NITRILE ADIPICO (Italian) (111-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OO0F/93"C oc). Decomposes at flash point, forming poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, and reducing agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Many cyanides can easily evolve hydrocyanic acid. NITRILOACETONITRILE (460-19-5) Flammable gas. Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air. Explosive reaction occurs with acids, liquid oxygen, oxidizers, sodium nitrite. Slowly hydrolyzed in water, forming hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and oxalic acid. Incompatible with chlorates, fluorine, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites, nitric acid. May form sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture.
2,2',2"-NITRILO-TRIETHANOL (102-71-6) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid
(flash point 3S4"F/179"C). Aqueous solution is an organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, mercury, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc.
NITRINE-TDC (55-63-0) Heat-, UV-, acid-, friction-, shock-sensitive high explosive. A flammable liquid (at flash point explodes). Hydrolyzed in water, forming an explosive solution of nitric acid and glycerol. Explodes on contact with ozone or in temperatures above approximately 3SO0F/176"C. The pure material is rarely used; the commercial material is desensitized. NITRITO de AMILO (Spanish) (463-04-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point SO°F/lOoC).Slowly decomposes in light, air, or water, producing oxides of nitrogen. A strong
864
NITRITO CALCICO
oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, organics, and other easily oxidizable materials. Keep away from alcohols, antipyrine, alkaline materials, alkaline carbonates, potassium iodide, bromides, and ferrous salts. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture.
NITRITO CALCICO (Spanish) (13780-06-8) A strong oxidizer. May become shocksensitive from organic contamination. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials, ammonium salts, cyanides. Contact with acids forms toxic nitrous vapors. Rapid heating may cause explosion. NITRITO POTASICO (Spanish) (7758-09-0) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, producing nitrous fumes. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, alcohols, ammonium salts, amines, boron, combustible materials, ethers, finely divided metals, organic substances, nitric acid, potassium, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with ammonium sulfate, barium sulfide, potassium amide. Decomposes or may explode in elevated temperatures. NITRITO SODICO (Spanish) (7632-00-0) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures cause decomposition, emitting oxygen: explosion above 1O0OoF/S37"C.Contact with moisture causes dissociation; nitrite ions are oxidized to nitrates; also, moist air causes slow oxidation to nitrate. A strong oxidizer. but under certain conditions the material can also act as a strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, cellulose. Reacts with acids, acrolein, alcohols, butadiene, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, cyanides, I , I-dichloro- 1-nitroethane, I ,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fuels, glycols, lithium, phthalic acid, powdered metals, sodium amide, s-trioxane, and many other substances. Forms heat- and/or friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organic materials, powders of aluminum, antimony, magnesium, zirconium, metal amidosulfates. Incompatible with ammonium salts, aminoguanidine salts, barium thiocyanate, butadiene, cyanides, n-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, mercury cyanide, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride. potassium ferricyanide, sodium amide, sodium disulfite, sodium thiocyanate, thiosulfate. urea. 2-NITROANILINE or o-NITROANILINE (88-74-4) Combustible solid (flash point 33S0F/168"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, nitric acid, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-NITROANILINE or rn-NITROAMINOBENZENE (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 309"F/154"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidi~ers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber,
4-NITROBENZENAMINE
865
and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
4-NITROANILINE or p-NITROANILINE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 3Y0°F/1Y9"C).Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (298"F/148"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents. strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NITROBARITE (10022-31-8) A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustibles, strong acids, other oxidizers. Mixtures with sulfur, finely divided metals (especially aluminum and magnesium alloys) can form shock- and friction-sensitive compounds. Contact with ammonium nitrate may cause spontaneous fire or explosions.
NITROBENCENO (Spanish) (98-95-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 190°F/88"C). An oxidizer. Violent reaction with nitrogen oxides, potassium hydroxide, silver perchlorate, alkali metals. Reacts with reducing agents, combustible materials, strong oxidizers. Mixture with alkali materials may increase this material's thermal sensitivity. Incompatible with alkalis, 7H-benz(de)anthracene-7-one,nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, caustics, ammonia, amines. Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum chloride, fluorotrinitromethane, fuming nitric acid, phosphorus pentachloride, potassium, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, tin(V) chloride. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings.
NITROBENZENE (98-95-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 190°F/88"C). An oxidizer. Violent reaction with nitrogen oxides, potassium hydroxide, silver perchlorate, alkali metals. Reacts with reducing agents, combustible materials, strong oxidizers. Mixture with alkali materials may increase this material's thermal sensitivity. Incompatible with alkalis, 7Hbenz(de)anthracene-7-one, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, caustics, ammonia, amines. Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum chloride, fluorotrinitromethane, fuming nitric acid, phosphorus pentachloride, potassium, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, tin(V) chloride. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. 3-NITROBENZENAMINE (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 30YoF/154"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 4-NITROBENZENAMINE (100-01-6) Combustible solid (flash point 390°F/ 199OC). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point (298"F/l48"C) may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid; may form explosive with sodium hydroxide
866
NITROBENZOL
under certain conditions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NITROBENZOL (98-95-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 19OoF/88"C). An oxidizer. Violent reaction with nitrogen oxides, potassium hydroxide, silver perchlorate, alkali metals. Reacts with reducing agents, combustible materials, strong oxidizers. Mixture with alkali materials may increase this material's thermal sensitivity. Incompatible with alkalis, 7Hbenz(de)anthracene-7-one,nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, caustics, ammonia, amines. Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum chloride, fluorotrinitromethane, fuming nitric acid, phosphorus pentachloride, potassium, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, tin(V) chloride. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. NITROBENZOL, I (98-95-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 190°F/88"C). An oxidizer. Violent reaction with nitrogen oxides, potassium hydroxide, silver perchlorate, alkali metals. Reacts with reducing agents, combustible materials, strong oxidizers. Mixture with alkali materials may increase this material's thermal sensitivity. Incompatible with alkalis, 7Hbenz(de)anthracene-7-one,nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, caustics, ammonia, amines. Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum chloride, fluorotrinitromethane, fuming nitric acid, phosphorus pentachloride, potassium, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, tin(V) chloride. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. NITROCALCITE (10124-37-5) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials. Forms shock-sensitive mixtures with organic contaminants. Incompatible with combustible materials (wood, cloth, oil, grease, etc.), organics, and other easily oxidizable materials, chemically active metals, aluminum nitrate, ammonium nitrate, cyanides, esters, phosphorus, sodium hypophosphate, thyocyanates. Corrosive to many substances, including aluminum. NITROCARBOL (75-52-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/3S0C). Thermally unstable. Shock, friction, pressure, or elevated temperature above S99"F/3 15°C can cause explosive decomposition, especially if confined. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkyl metal halides, diethylaluminum bromide, formic acid, methylzinc iodide. Contact with acids, bases, acetone, aluminum powder, amines, bis(2-aminoethyl)amine, haolforms make this material more sensitive to explosion. Reacts, posyibly violently, with ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium hypochlorite, 1,2-diaminomethane, formaldehyde, hexamethylbenzene, hydrocarbons, hydroxides, lithium perchlorite, m-methyl aniline, nickel peroxide, nitric acid, metal oxides, potassium hydride, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydride. Mixtures with ammonia, aniline, diethylenetriamine, metal oxides, methyl amine, morpholine, phosphoric acid, silver nitrate form shock-sensitive compounds. Forms high-explosive compound with urea perchlorate. Mixtures with hydrocarbons and other combustible materials can cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NITROCELLULOSE, WETTED, PLASTICIZED SOLUTION (9004-70-0) Flammable solid (flash point -64"F/-53"C cc). The dry material is a fire and explosion hazard; often wetted with water, denatured ethanol, or ethyl alcohol-ethyl ether solution (flash point < -4"F/< - 18°C). Dry material, resulting from evaporation, can deflagrate [ignite explosively (flash point 55"F/12"C)]. Contact with strong oxidizers or elevated temperatures can cause fire and explosions. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
NITROETANO
867
NITROCELLULOSE E950@(9004-70-0) Flammable solid (flash point -64"FI - 53°C cc). The dry material is a fire and explosion hazard; often wetted with water, denatured ethanol, or ethyl alcohol-ethyl ether solution (flash point 110°C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks most common metals.
880
NONANOIC ACID or n-NONANOIC ACID
NONANOIC ACID or n-NONANOIC ACID (112-05-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 237"F/1 14°C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. NONANOL or 1-NONANOL or NONAN-1-OL (143-08-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangcrinc oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. NONANOL ACETATE (143-13-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates.
2-NONANONE or NONAN-2-ONE (821-55-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140°F/600C). Reacts violently with aldehydes, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, perchloric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines. Reaction with hydrogen peroxide may form unstable peroxides.
NONENE (27214-95-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 78"F/26"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NONENE, NONLINEAR (139-01-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75"FI 24°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NONILFENOL (Spanish) (25154-52-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 285"F/14I0C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
NONYL ACETATE or n-NONYL ACETATE (143-13-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 153"F/67"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates.
NONYL ALCOHOL or n-NONYL ALCOHOL (143-08-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. sec-NONYL ALCOHOL (108-82-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics.
NORMAL LEAD ACETATE
881
NONYLCARBINOL (112-30-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 18OoF/82"Coc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, ammonium persulfate, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, phosphorus pentasulfide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. NONYLENE or 1-NONYLENE (27214-95-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 78OF126"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NONYLHYDRIDE (111-84-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/3loC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NONYLPHENOL or NONYL PHENOL (25154-52-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 285"F/141 "C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2,s-NORBORDIENE (121-46-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 5"F/-21 "C). Elevated temperatures form cycloheptatriene and other isomers. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. NORBORNADIENE or 2,s-NORBORNADIENE (121-46-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -5"F/-2loC). Elevated temperatures form cycloheptatriene and other isomers. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. NORKOOL@(107-21-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 23 l0F/11 l°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers and oxidizing acids, sulfuric acid. Forms explosive mixture with sodium perchlorate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, potassium bichromate, phosphorus pentasulfide, sodium chlorite. NORLEUCAMINE (110-58-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 30°F/- 1°C; also reported at 45"F/7"C oc). A weak base. Keep away from heat, sunlight. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. NORMAL LEAD ACETATE (301-04-2) Contact with strong acids forms acetic acid. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, citrates, cresols, chloral hydrate, chlorides, carbonates, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, potassium bromate, phenols, phosphates, resorcinol,
882
NORMENTHANE
salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, sulfites, tartrates, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate,
NORMENTHANE (696-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 96"F/ 36°C; also reported at 143"F/62"C). Incompatible with aldehydes, strong oxidizers, acids. Reacts with sulfuric acid to form an explosive. Heat causes explosive decomposition; acidic materials increase thermal sensitivity. NORMERSAN@(137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. NORSPERMIDINE@ (56-18-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids and strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aldehydes, alcohols, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, caprolactam solution, cresols, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, glycol^, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NORTEC@ (302-17-0) Reacts with strong bases, producing chloroform and formate. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. NORVAL@(119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. NORVALAMINE (109-73-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10°F/- 12°C). An organic base. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acids, acrolein, maleic anhydride, nitrosyl perchlorate, perchloryl fluoride. Reacts with acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, chlorine, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethers, glycol^, halogens, isocyanates, ketones, monomers, organic anhydrides, phenols, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. Mixture with hypochlorites may form explosive chloramine. Attacks light metals and copper. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. NORWEGIAN SALTPETER (10124-37-5) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing materials. Forms shock-sensitive mixtures with organic contaminants. Incompatible with combustible materials (wood. cloth, oil, grease, etc.), organics, and other easily oxidizable materials, chemically active metals, aluminum nitrate, ammonium nitrate, cyanides, esters, phosphorus, sodium hypophosphate, thyocyanates. Corrosive to many substances, including aluminum. NO SCALD@ (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine, trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point liquid 307"F/153"C oc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (forms salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and poly-nitro products. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride,
NTO
883
isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
NOURITHION (56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC).Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. NOVIGAM@(58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. NOVOL@(143-28-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 338"F/17OoC). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers. NOVOSCABIN@(120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. NOWERGAN (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. 1-NP (108-03-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 93"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrocarbons, hydroxides: calcium or potassium hydroxide. May explode on heating (burns even in the absence of air), causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Forms heat-, friction-, or shock-sensitive explosive products with acids, amines, inorganic bases, mercury salts, nitrous acid, silver salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the explosive sensitivity of this compound. Incompatible with isocyanates, potassium hydride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 2-NP (79-46-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75"F/24"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, hydrocarbons, hydroxides: calcium or potassium hydroxide, oleum. May explode on heating (bums even in the absence of air), causing fast rise in pressure; closed containers may explode. Decomposition is promoted by the presence of acids, amines, or bases. Forms heat-, friction-, or shock-sensitive explosive products with acids, amines, inorganic bases, mercury salts, nitrous acid, silver salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the explosive sensitivity of this compound. Incompatible with isocyanates, potassium hydride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. NS@(carbonate), NS@100 (carbonate), and NS@200 (filler) (471-34-1) Contact with acids forms carbon dioxide gas. Incompatible with ammonium salts, fluorine. NSC 423 (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/18OoC,forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. NTM (131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. NTO (10544-72-6) Noncombustible, but supports combustion of combustible materials. A powerful oxidizer. Water contact produces nitric acid and nitric oxide. Incompatible with
884
NTs 62, NTs 218, NTs 222, NTs 539. or NTs 542
nitric oxide; reacts with air, producing additional nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with strong reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, barium oxide, boron trichloride, carbon disulfide, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, difluorotrifluoromethylphosphine, dimethyl sulfoxide, formaldehyde, ethers, fluorine, formaldehyde, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal powders, metal carbonyls, nitroanilines, nitrobenzene, nitrogen trichloride, organic compounds, oxygen difluoride, ozone, phospham, petroleum, pyridine, quinoline, sodium, tetracarbonyl nickel, tetramethyl tin, toluene, triethylamine, triethylammonium nitrate, vinyl chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, red phosphorus, petroleum products. Forms explosive material with propylene. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture.
NTs 62, NTs 218, NTs 222, NTs 539, or NTs 542 (9004-70-0) Flammable solid (flash point -64"F/-53"C cc). The dry material is a fire and explosion hazard; often wetted with water, denatured ethanol, or ethyl alcohol-ethyl ether solution (flash point 230"F/> 110°C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Moisture may cause slow decomposition.
ORGAMIDE~
897
OPTAL (71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/15"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluorohorate( I-), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. OP-THAL-ZIN@(7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases, evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. ORANGE BASE CIBA@ 2 (88-74-4) Combustible solid (flash point 335"F/16S°C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Temperatures above melting point may cause toxic vapors and explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, nitric acid, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitrous acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ORANGE BASE IRGA@I (99-09-2) Combustible solid (flash point 309"F/l54"C). Powder, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Moisture may cause spontaneous heating. Elevated temperatures above 476"F/247"C can cause explosive decomposition. Forms explosive with hexanitroethane. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, magnesium, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. Incompatible with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ethylene oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
ORANGE LEAD (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/50OoC, emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal and/or explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide. ORATRAST@ (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus.
ORGA@-414(61-82-5) Substance acts as a weak base to produce salts in contact with acids. Corrosive to iron, aluminum, copper and its alloys.
ORGAMIDE@ (105-60-2)
Combustible solid (flash point 230"F/1lO0C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
898
ORGASOL-lOO2D-WHITE-lO-EXTRA-COS@
ORGASOL-1002D-WHITE-l0-EXTRA-COS@ (13463-67-7)Dust is incompatible with
strong acids. Violent reaction with lithium. Violent or incandescent reaction with active metals at high temperatures. Dusts of zirconium alloys ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere.
ORIMON@(92-84-2)Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes deconlposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. ORPIMENT@(1303-33-9)Contact with water or steam releases hydrogen sulfide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, sodium sulfide, sulfur, potassium nitrate. Contact with acids and acid fumes produces highly toxic fumes of arsenic, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. ORSIN (106-50-3)Combustible solid (flash point 3 12"F/156"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light, crystals become dark. ORTHO@4355 (300-76-5)Degraded by UV light or sunlight. Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzed by water: rapidly hydrolyzed in alkali solutions. Corrosive to metals. ORTHO@5865 (2425-06-1)Incompatible with acids or acid vapor. Strongly alkaline conditions contribute to instability. ORTHOARSENIC ACID (7778-39-4) Reacts with strong acids, acid fumes, forming toxic arsenic fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, oxidizers, epichlorohydrin, vinyl acetate, amides. Weak acid: slowly reacts with mild steel, galvanized metals, and brass. ORTHOBORIC ACID (10043-35-3) Boric acid aqueous solution is a weak acid: incompatible with alkali carbonates and hydroxides. Incompatible potassium. Contact with acetic anhydride forms a heat-sensitive explosive. ORTHO C-1 DEFOLIANT & WEED KILLER@(7775-09-9)Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below 572"F/3OO0C,liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene.
ORTHOPHOSPHORICACID
899
ORTHOCIDE@(133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate, parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime) as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. ORTHOCIDE@50 (133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate, parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime) as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. ORTHOCIDE@406 (133-06-2) Incompatible with tetraethyl pyrophosphate, parathion. Keep away from strong alkaline materials (e.g., hydrated lime) as this chemical may become unstable and decompose. May react with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. ORTHODIBROM (300-76-5) Degraded by UV light or sunlight. Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzed by water; rapidly hydrolyzed in alkali solutions. Corrosive to metals. ORTHODIBROMO (300-76-5) Degraded by UV light or sunlight. Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzed by water; rapidly hydrolyzed in alkali solutions. Corrosive to metals. ORTHODICHLOROBENZENE(95-50-1) See Dichlorobenzenes. ORTHODICHLOROBENZOL(95-50-1) See Dichlorobenzenes. ORTHO-KLOR@(57-74-9) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. High heat and contact with alkaline solutions cause decomposition with the production of toxic fumes, including chlorine, phosgene, hydrogen chloride. Attacks iron, zinc, plastics, rubber, and coatings. ORTHO@MC (10326-21-3) A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, powdered metals, fuels, ammonia, antimony(II1) sulfide, arsenic(II1) sulfide, copper(1) sulfide (explodes on contact), tin(I1) sulfide, tin(1V) sulfide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shocksensitive explosive mixture with red phosphorus, sulfur, combustible materials. Incompatible with aluminum, arsenic, ammonia compounds, barium hydride, calcium hydride, carbon, charcoal, copper, cyanides, manganese oxide, metal sulfides, dibasic organic acids, organic materials, manganese dioxide, magnesium oxide, metal sulfides, selenium, sodium hypophosphite, strong acids, sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates. ORTHOPHOS (56-38-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 248"F/12OoC). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixture with endrin may be explosive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. ORTHOPHOSPHORICACID (7664-38-2) A medium-strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Violent reaction if water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts violently with solutions containing ammonia or bleach, azo compounds, epoxides, and other polymerizable compounds. Reacts, possibly
900
ORTHOPHOSPHORUS ACID
violently, with amines, aldehydes, alkanolamines, alcohols, alkylene oxides, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium oxide, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, oleum, organic anhydrides, sodium tetrahydroborate, sulfides, sulfuric acid, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water. Forms explosive mixture with nitromethane. At elevated temperatures, attacks many metals, producing hydrogen gas. At room temperature does not attack stainless steel, copper or its alloys. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
ORTHOPHOSPHORUS ACID (13598-36-2) Unless stored in airtight containers, readily absorbs oxygen, forming phosphoric acid. Decomposes above 390°F/198"C, forming phosphine, which may ignite spontaneously in air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some metals.
ORTHOSlL@ (6834-92-0) Violent reaction with fluorine, lithium. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts violently with acids and is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture. ORTHOTITANIC ACID, TETRABUTYL ESTER (5593-70-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 170°F/77"C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Reacts with water, producing butanol and titanium dioxide. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. Reacts violently with sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride.
ORVINYLCARBINOL (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases, carbon tetrachloride. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, diallyl phosphide, tri-n-bromomelamine, metal halides, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, some plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. OS@?897(96-12-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong bases. Decomposes in elevated temperatures, forming hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide. Attacks some rubber materials and coatings. Reacts with chemically active metals (i.e., aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, and their alloys). Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture.
OS@2046 (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. OSMlC ACID (20816-12-0) Contact with hydrochloric acid produces chlorine gas. Explosive reaction with 1-methylimidazole. Violent reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Contact with organic and combustible materials may cause fire and explosions.
OXACETIC ACID
901
OSMIUM(VII1) OXIDE or OSMIUM TETROXIDE (20816-12-0) Contact with hydrochloric acid produces chlorine gas. Explosive reaction with I-methylimidazole. Violent reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Contact with organic and combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. OSMOSOL@EXTRA (71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/
15°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluoroborate( 1-), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
OSSIDO di MESITILE (Italian) (141-79-7)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 87"F/3 1 "C). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, oleum. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, ethylene diamine. Dissolves some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks copper. OTTAFACT@(59-50-7) Combustible solid (flash point 244"F/l1 SOC). Incompatible with
strong oxidizers and sodium hydroxide. Attacks active metals, aluminum, copper, etc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
OTTANI (Italian) (111-65-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 56OF113"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen tetroxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-OTTOCHLORO-3A,4,7,7A-TETRAIDRO-4,7-ENDO-METANO-
INDANO (Italian) (57-74-9) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. High heat and contact with alkaline solutions cause decomposition with the production of toxic fumes, including chlorine, phosgene, hydrogen chloride. Attacks iron, zinc, plastics, rubber, and coatings.
OVADZIAK@(58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be
dissolved in a flammable solvent. Tile ilash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
OWADZIAK@(58-89-9)Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. OXACETIC ACID (298-12-4) An oxoacid; the pure material may be explosive. Reacts with water, generating heat. Reacts with alkali metals; releases flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane.
902
OXACYCLOPENTADIENE
OXACYCLOPENTADIENE (110-00-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -32"F/- 36°C cc). Unless inhibited (0.0254% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolis recommended), exposure to air forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with acids, oxidizers, peroxides. OXACYCLOPENTANE (109-99-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6"F/- 14°C; also listed at 1.4'FI- 17°C cc). Unless inhibited, forms 2-tetrahydrofuryl hydroperoxide and then forms unstable and explosive polyalkylidene peroxide. Polymerization can occur in the presence of acids, bases (e.g., potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), and certain salts. Peroxides can be removed by treatment with a slightly acidic solution of strong ferrous sulfate treated with sodium bisulfate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, oxygen, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, metal halides, peroxyacetic acid, potassium hydride. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia, acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants. Incompatible with borane, calcium hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium aluminum tetrahydride. Attacks some plastics and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can result in ignition of its vapors. OXACYCLOPROPANE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"Fl-2O0C). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, m-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/1OO0C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. OXAL (107-22-2) Flammable solid, but normally sold as an inhibited 40% solution. A highly reactive reducing agent. Violent reaction with water; causes polymerization. Temperatures above boiling point of 122"F/5OoCcan cause polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, amides, aldehydes, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene amine, hydroxyl-containing materials. Corrosive to metals: aluminum, copper, tin, steel, zinc. OXALATO de DIETILO (Spanish) (95-92-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 168"FI 76°C). Water slowly forms oxalic acid. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. OXALDEHYDE (107-22-2) Flammable solid, but normally sold as an inhibited 40% solution. A highly reactive reducing agent. Violent reaction with water; causes polymerization. Temperatures above boiling point of 122"F/50°C can cause polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, amides, aldehydes, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene amine, hydroxyl-containing materials. Corrosive to metals: aluminum, copper, tin, steel, zinc.
OXALYL CYANIDE
903
OXALIC ACID or OXALIC ACID DIHYDRATE (144-62-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide (90%), phosphorus trichloride, silver powders, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Incompatible with caustics, mercury, silver, urea. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. OXALIC ACID, DIAMMONIUM SALT (1113-38-8) Forms explosive compound with sodium hypochlorite. Attacks many metals. OXALIC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER (95-92-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 168"F/ 76°C). Water slowly forms oxalic acid. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. OXALIC ACID DINITRILE (460-19-5) Flammable gas. Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air. Explosive reaction occurs with acids, liquid oxygen, oxidizers, sodium nitrite. Slowly hydrolyzed in water, forming hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and oxalic acid. Incompatible with chlorates, fluorine, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites, nitric acid. May form sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. OXALIC ALDEHYDE (107-22-2) Flammable solid, but normally sold as an inhibited 40% solution. A highly reactive reducing agent. Violent reaction with water; causes polymerization. Temperatures above boiling point of 122"F/5OoC can cause polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, amides, aldehydes, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene amine, hydroxyl-containing materials. Corrosive to metals: aluminum, copper, tin, steel, zinc. OXALATO AMONICO MONOHIDRATO (Spanish) (6009-70-7) Forms explosive compound with sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with furfuryl alcohol, silver, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite. Attacks many metals. OXALATO AMONICO, SAL DIAMONICO (Spanish) (1113-38-8) Forms explosive compound with sodium hypochlorite. Attacks many metals. OXALONITRILE (460-19-5) Flammable gas. Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air. Explosive reaction occurs with acids, liquid oxygen, oxidizers, sodium nitrite. Slowly hydrolyzed in water, forming hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and oxalic acid. Incompatible with chlorates, fluorine, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites, nitric acid. May form sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. OXALSAEURE (German) (144-62-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, furfuryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide (90%),phosphorus trichloride, silver powders, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Incompatible with caustics, mercury, silver, urea. Attacks polyvinyl alcohol and acetal plastics. OXALYL CYANIDE (460-19-5) Flammable gas. Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air. Explosive reaction occurs with acids, liquid oxygen, oxidizers,
904
OXAMMONIUM
sodium nitrite. Slowly hydrolyzed in water, forming hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and oxalic acid. Incompatible with chlorates, fluorine, mercurous chloride. nitrates, nitrites, nitric acid. May form sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture.
OXAMMONIUM (7803-49-8) A powerful reducing agent. Aqueous solution is a base. Contact with water or steam causes decomposition to ammonium hydroxide, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Contaminants and/or elevated temperatures above 158"F/7OoCand 265"F/129"C can cause explosive decomposition. Moisture in air or carbon dioxide may cause decomposition. Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids, copper(I1) sulfate, chromium trioxide, potassium dichromate, phosphorus chlorides, metals: calcium, sodium, zinc. Incompatible with carbonyls, pyridine. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium, zinc powder, and possibly other finely divided metals. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, carbonyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, pyridine, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc. OXAMMONIUM SULFATE (10039-54-0) A strong oxidizer. Heat or friction may cause explosive decomposition. Violent, possibly explosive, reaction occurs with caustics, reducing agents, or combustible materials. Reacts with alkaline materials, forming unstable hydroxylamine; may cause explosive decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, aluminum, ammonia, alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, isocyanates, magnesium, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin. OXANE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, rn-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/100"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 3-OXA-1,5-PENTANEDIOL (111-46-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 255"F/124"C). Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. 2-OXETANONE (57-57-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Able to polymerize in elevated temperatures and decomposes at room temperature, forming unstable peroxides; stable below 4 1"F/5"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethyleneimine, pyridine, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with 2-aminoethyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrolyzes in fresh water, forming hydracrylic acid; in salt water reacts with the chloride, forming 3-chloropropionic acid.
OXIDO de 1,2-BUTILENO
905
OXICLORURO de FOSFORO (10025-87-3) Fumes in moist air. Contact with water, steam, or alcohols produces hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas, which is pyrophoric, with possible ignition or explosion (may be a delayed reaction). Contact with air produces corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with carbon disulfide, 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ferrocene- 1 , 1 '-dicarboxylic acid, pyridine, zinc powder. Reacts, possibly -violently, with acids, alkali metals, alkalis, combustible materials, dimethyl formamide, organic matter, zinc powder. Incompatible with acetic anhydride, N,N-dimethyl formamide, 2,5dimethylpyrrole, sodium. Rapid corrosion of steel and most metals, except lead, occurs in the presence of moisture.
OXIDATE@LE (93-58-3)
Combustible liquid (flash point 18l"FB3"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
OXIDES of NITROGEN (10544-72-6) Noncombustible, but supports combustion of combustible materials. A powerful oxidizer. Water contact produces nitric acid and nitric oxide. Incompatible with nitric oxide; reacts with air, producing additional nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with strong reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, barium oxide, boron trichloride, carbon disulfide, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, difluorotrifluoromethylphosphine, dimethyl sulfoxide, formaldehyde, ethers, fluorine, formaldehyde, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal powders, metal carbonyls, nitroanilines, nitrobenzene, nitrogen trichloride, organic compounds, oxygen difluoride, ozone, phospham, petroleum, pyridine, quinoline, sodium, tetracarbonyl nickel, tetramethyl tin, toluene, triethylamine, triethylammonium nitrate, vinyl chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, red phosphorus, petroleurn products. Forms explosive material with propylene. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture.
OXIDO BARICO (Spanish) (1304-28-5) An oxidizer. Reacts with water or steam, forming heat and corrosive barium hydroxide; may cause spontaneous combustion. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, alcohols, ethers, fluorine, glycols, glycol ethers, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxlamine. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, red phosphorus, sulfur triox-ide, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the explosive or thermal sensitivity of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, silver azide. Increases explosive sensitivity of the explosive hydrazinium perchlorate. Reacts with carbon dioxide, nickel monoxide, nitrogen tetroxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base; see also Barium Hydroxide.
OXIDO de BERILIO (Spanish) (1304-56-9) Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, molten lithium. Reacts explosively with magnesium at elevated temperatures. OXIDO de 1,ZBUTILENO (Spanish) (106-88-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -7"F/-22"C). Unless inhibited, violent polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures, sunlight, acids, aluminum chlorides, bases, iron, tin, potassium, sodium, sodium hydroxide, or certain salts. Reacts violently with oxidizers, alcohols. Reacts with hydroxides, metal chlorides, oxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, acetylene, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants.
906
OXIDO de CADMIO
OXIDO de CADMIO (Spanish) (1306-19-0) Forms explosive mixture with aluminum, ammonium perchlorate, magnesium in the presence of heat, chlorine trifluoride. Explodes or ignites on contact with hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen peroxide (90%), hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, lithium. Can increase the thermal and explosive sensitivity of nitroalkanes, hydrazinium perchlorate. May react with phosphorus, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, selenium, zinc. OXIDO CALCICO (Spanish) (1305-78-8) Violent reaction with water, evolving high quantities of heat. Violent reaction and possible ignition, or explosion with acids, anilinium perchlorate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, isopropyl isocyanide dichloride, light metals, lithium, magnesium, powdered aluminum, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur trioxide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of azides or nitro-alkanes (e.g., nitroethane, nitromethane, 1 -nitropropane, etc.). Incompatible with boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, ethanol, halogens, metal halides, phosphorus pentoxide, selenium oxychloride, sulfur dioxide. OXIDO de DIFENILO (Spanish) (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/1lS0C). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. OXIDOETHANE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-20°C). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium. covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, m-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/100°C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. a,P-OXIDOETHANE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-20°C). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizerc, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, m-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/IO0°C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver. and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
OXIDO de PROPILENO
907
OXIDO de ETILENO (Spanish) (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, rn-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/100"C. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. OXIDO de HIERRO (Spanish) (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. OXIDO MAGNESICO (Spanish) (1309-48-4) Violent reaction with strong acids, hydrogen trisulfide, phosphorus, sulfur trioxide, halogens, interhalogens including bromine, trifluoride, bromine pentalfluoride, and chlorine trifluoride, phosphorous pentachloride. May ignite and explode when heated with sublimed sulfur, magnesium powder, or aluminum powder. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, ammonium nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, glycols, hydrazinium nitrate, organic anhydrides, maleic anhydride, phenols, selenium oxychloride. This material forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate, and increases the heat, friction, and shock sensitivity of explosives: nitroalkanes, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. OXIDO de MESITILO (Spanish) (141-79-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 87"F/3 1°C). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, oleum. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, ethylene diamine. Dissolves some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Attacks copper. OXIDO NITROSO (Spanish) (10024-97-2) May form explosive mixture with flammable and reactive gases, including anhydrous ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitryl fluoride, phosphine. Nonflammable but supports combustion; as temperature increases above 572"F/3OOoC, it becomes both a strong oxidizer and self-reactive. Pyrophoric at elevated temperatures. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum, ammonia, boron, hydrazine, lithium hydride, sodium, tungsten carbide. OXIDO de PROPILENO (Spanish) (75-56-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -35"F/-37"C), or with oxygen. Reacts with water, steam. Contact with water may lead to a runaway reaction. Able to form unstable peroxides; acids, caustic materials, metal halides
908
OXIGENO
can cause hazardous polymerization. Reacts with acids, ammonia, amines, acetylene-forming metals, clay-based absorbents. Incompatible with anhydrous metal chlorides, caustics, ammonium hydroxide, salts. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
OXIGENO (Spanish) (7782-44-7) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions or enhance the combustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. Materials such as steel will burn in pure oxygen. The slightest increase in atmospheric oxygen will amplify the flammability and burning rate of any material, including the human body. Heat of water will vigorously vaporize liquid oxygen. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and all oxidizable materials; contact may cause fire/explosions. The low temperature may cause brittleness on contact with some materials. Keep away from all other materials, of all physical states, and especially clothing. Refer to supplier's MSDS for instructions on handling and storage. OXIRAN or OXIRANE (75-21-8) Flammable gas (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). Dangerously reactive; may rearrange chemically and/or polymerize violently with evolution of heat, when in contact with highly active catalytic surfaces such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, or aluminum, pure oxides of iron or aluminum, and alkali hydroxides. Even small amounts of strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers can cause a reaction. Explosive polymerization can occur on contact with amines, ammonia, metallic potassium, covalent halides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, aluminum, amines, glycerol, dinitrogen pentaoxide, m-nitroaniline. Incompatible with bromoethane, magnesium perchlorate, mercaptans, salts, combustible materials, alkane thiols. Protect container from physical damage, heat, sunlight. May react in insulation, forming low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycols that can spontaneously heat and ignite at less than 212"F/1OO0C.Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Avoid contact with copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, and their alloys including solder; may form explosive metal acetylides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. OXIRANE, [((2-ETHYLHEXYL)OXY)METHYL] (2461-15-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 201°F/94"C). Able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, carbonic acid, halogen acids, permanganates, peroxides, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. OXIRANEMETHANOL (556-52-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with strong acids, caustics, chemically active metals (aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.), metal salts, trichloroethylene, especially in the presence of heat, can cause polymerization or exothermic decomposition. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. OXIRANEMETHOL (556-52-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/70°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Contact with strong acids, caustics, chemically active metals (aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.), metal salts, trichloroethylene, especially in the presence of heat, can cause polymerization or exothermic decomposition. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. OXITOL (110-80-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 110°F/43"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Able to form peroxides. Incompatible with strong acids. Attacks rubber and some coatings.
OXOLANE
909
OXITRICLORURO de VANADIO (Spanish) (7727-18-6) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Air contact causes formation of corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with many substances, including bases, sodium, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
2-OXOBORNANE (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
3-OXOBUTANOIC ACID ETHYL ESTER (141-97-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
3-OXOBUTANOIC ACID METHYL ESTER (105-45-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C).Moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates.
a-OXODIPHENYLMETHANE (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide. a-OXODITANE (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide. OXOETHANOIC ACID (298-12-4) An oxoacid; the pure material may be explosive. Reacts with water, generating heat. Reacts with alkali metals; releases flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. 2-OXOHEXAMETHYLENIMINE (105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 230°F/ 110°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
5-OXOHEXANENITRILE (10412-98-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 246"F/119"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, chlorates, mercurous chloride, nitrites, sulfuric acid.
OXOLANE (109-99-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6"F/- 14°C; also listed at 1.4"F/- 17°C cc). Unless inhibited, forms 2-tetrahydrofuryl hydroperoxide and then forms unstable and explosive polyalkylidene peroxide. Polymerization can occur in the presence of acids, bases (e.g., potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), and certain salts. Peroxides can be removed by treatment with a slightly acidic solution of strong ferrous sulfate treated with sodium bisulfate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, oxygen, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, metal halides, peroxyacetic acid, potassium hydride. Storage tanks and other equipment should be absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia,
910
OXOLE
acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, rust, and other contaminants. Incompatible with borane, calcium hydride, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium aluminum tetrahydride. Attacks some plastics and coatings. May accumulate static electric charges that can result in ignition of its vapors.
OXOLE (110-00-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -32"F/-36"C cc). is recommended), exposure to Unless inhibited (0.0254% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol air forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with acids, oxidizers, peroxides. OXOMETHANE (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. OXOOCTYL ALCOHOL (26952-21-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. OXOTRIDECYL ALCOHOL (112-70-9) Combustible solid (flash point 25OoF/121"C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks aluminum. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. OXRALOX@ (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts. OXY-5@(94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/8OoC).Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. OXYBENZENE (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C).Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, @-naphthol,peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium
1,l'-[OXYBIS(METHYLENE)]BISBENZENE 911 hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc.
1,l-OXYBISBENZENE(101-84-8)Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/l15"C). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,l'-OXYBIS(BUTANE)(142-96-1)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77"F/25"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrogen trichloride, strong acids. Contact with air or sunlight can produce unstable and shock-, friction-, and heatsensitive explosive peroxides. Regularly test storage containers for peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
l,l'-OXYBIS(2-CHLORO)ETHANE (111-44-4)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 13loF/55"C). Contact with water produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Forms unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorosulfuric acid, metal powders, fuming sulfuric acid. Attacks iron, mild steel, aluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. OXYBIS (CHLOROMETHANE)(542-88-1)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 325"F/>I63"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. a-PBNA (90-30-2) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. P-PBNA (135-88-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture in air. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epicblorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PBX(AF) 108 (121-82-4) Usually moistened with up to 15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is high explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids, strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. PCBs (generic CAS registry number, 1336-36-3) Combustible liquids, resins, and solids (flash points vary from 286-383"F/141-195"C; the flash points of some of these materials are unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids. PCBs are generally chemically inert under normal conditions of temperature and pressure, and are stable to conditions of hydrolysis and oxidation in industrial use (IARC). However, strong UV light or sunlight may cause the formation of phenolic materials, and traces of polychlorinated dibenzofurans. Attacks some plastics such as polyethylene and some rubbers: natural rubber and to a lesser degree nitrile rubber. PCC (8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 I0F/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. PCHO (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PCL (77-47-4) Reacts slowly with water, forming explosive hydrogen gas and hydrochloric acid solution. Contact with sodium may be explosive. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes iron and other metals in the presence of moisture.
926
PCM
PCM (594-42-3) Contact with alkalis or amines can cause rapid decomposition. Contact with hot iron or steel produces toxic carbon tetrachloride fumes. Hot water or steam produces hydrochloric acid. Reacts with sulfur, and carbon dioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to most metals.
PCP (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PDB or PDCB (106-46-7) See Dichlorobenzenes. PE (115-77-5) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust cloud forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with organic acids, oxidizers. Incompatible with thiophosphoryl chloride. PEARL ASH (3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/40OoC,this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, 1,3-bis(trichIoromethyl)benzene,germanium, hydriodic acid. PEARL STEARIC (57-11-4) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C; molten 410"-435"F/210"-224"C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks chemically active metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and zinc. PEAR OIL (123-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 77OF125"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Attacks asbestos; softens and dissolves many plastics, rubber, and coatings. PEAR OIL (626-38-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 89"F/32"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks many plastics.
PEAR OIL (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 60°F/16"C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. PEARSALLO (7446-70-0) Contact with moist air or water produces hydrogen chloride and heat. Contact with water, alcohol, alkenes, bases, epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide can result in violent polymerization. Incompatible with butyl nitrate, glycidol, methyl chloride, organic material, oxygen difluoride, phenyl azide. Forms shock-sensitive or explosive compounds with ammonium nitrate, nitrobenzene. Attacks metals including 3 16 stainless steel in the presence of moisture.
PELARGIC ACID
927
PEB 1 (50-29-3) Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers. PEBBLE LIME (1305-78-8) Violent reaction with water, evolving high quantities of heat. Violent reaction and possible ignition, or explosion with acids, anilinium perchlorate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, isopropyl isocyanide dichloride, light metals, lithium, magnesium, powdered aluminum, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur trioxide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of azides or nitro-alkanes (e.g., nitroethane, nitromethane, I-nitropropane, etc.). Incompatible with boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, ethanol, halogens, metal halides, phosphorus pentoxide, selenium oxychloride, sulfur dioxide. PEDRACZAK@(58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. PELADOW@(10043-52-4) Incompatible with boric acid, calcium oxide, bromine trifluoride, 2-furan, percarboxylic acid. Contact with zinc forms explosive hydrogen gas. Catalyzes exothermic polymerization of methyl vinyl ether. Contact with water forms some heat. Attacks metals. PELAGOL D@,PELAGOL DR@,and PELAGOL GREY D@(106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312"F/l56"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. PELAGOL 3GA@and PELAGOL GREY GG@(95-55-6) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. PELAGOL GREY C@(120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 26OoF/127"Ccc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PELAGOL GREY J@(95-80-7) Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, chloroformates, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Contact with diisopropyl perdicarbonate may cause explosion. Attacks aluminum, brass, bronze, copper, zinc. PELAGOL GREY RS@and PELAGOL RS@(108-46-3) Combustible solid (flash point 261°F/127"C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, alkalis, ammonia, amino compounds, antipyrine, camphor, ferric salts, lead diacetate, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, urethane. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its dust. PELARGICACID (112-05-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 237"F/114"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
928
PELARGONIC ACID
PELARGONIC ACID (112-05-0)Combustible liquid (flash point 237"F/114"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. PELARGONIC ALCOHOL (143-08-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C).
Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum .
PELTOL DO (106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312"F/156"C). A strong reducing
agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
PENCHLOROL (87-86-5)Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENNAC MBT POWDER@(149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 1162"F/628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat and/or contact with acids or acid fumes cause decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PENNAMINE@or PENNAMINE DQ (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/l8O0C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis.
PENNCAP-Ma (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 11S"F/ 46°C oc).
Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk decomposes violently at 122"F/SO0C.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics.
PENNFLOAT MQ (112-55-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 262"F/I 28°C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
PENNFLOAT S@(112-55-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 262"F/128"C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
PENTA (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols,
and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
1,4,7,10,13-PENTAAZATRIDECANE (112-57-2) Combustible liquid (flash point
325"F/I63"C oc). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrogen-containing compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides,
PENTABROMURO de FOSFORO
929
acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, halogenated hydrocarbons, halons, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
PENTABORANE or PENTABORANE(9) (19624-22-7) Pyrophoric; may explode in moist air without a source of ignition. Thermally unstable (flash point 86"F/3OoC;autoignition at 95"F/35"C; decomposes above 302"F/150°C). Decomposes in water to boric acid and explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with ammonia, forming violently explosive (at room temperature) pentaborane diammoniate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, and halogenated compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Incompatible with air, acetone, aldehydes, amines, carbon disulfide, chloroform, dioxane, hydrazines, ketones, trichloroethylene. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PENTABORANE UNDECAHYDRIDE (19624-22-7) Pyrophoric; may explode in moist air without a source of ignition. Thermally unstable (flash point 86OF130"C; autoignition at 95"F/35"C; decomposes above 3O2"F/15O0C).Decomposes in water to boric acid and explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with ammonia, forming violently explosive (at room temperature) pentaborane diammoniate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, and halogenated compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Incompatible with air, acetone, aldehydes, amines, carbon disulfide, chloroform, dioxane, hydrazines, ketones, trichloroethylene. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PENTABORON NONAHYDRIDE or (9)-PENTABORON NONAHYDRIDE (1962422-7) Pyrophoric; may explode in moist air without a source of ignition. Thermally unstable (flash point 86"F/3OoC; autoignition at 95"F/35"C; decomposes above 302"F/150°C). Decomposes in water to boric acid and explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with ammonia, forming violently explosive (at room temperature) pentaborane diammoniate. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, and halogenated compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Incompatible with air, acetone, aldehydes, amines, carbon disulfide, chloroform, dioxane, hydrazines, ketones, trichloroethylene. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PENTABROMO PHOSPHORANE (7789-69-7) Chemical reactions with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Contact with moist air forms hydrogen bromide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, vapor, steam, or alcohols, evolving heat and hydrogen bromide. Violent reaction with strong bases, acids, organic materials, alkali metals. Attacks most metals, evolving flammable hydrogen, plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture.
PENTABROMO PHOSPHORUS (7789-69-7) Chemical reactions with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Contact with moist air forms hydrogen bromide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, vapor, steam, or alcohols, evolving heat and hydrogen bromide. Violent reaction with strong bases, acids, organic materials, alkali metals. Attacks most metals, evolving flammable hydrogen, plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture.
PENTABROMURO de FOSFORO (Spanish) (7789-69-7) Chemical reactions with many materials can cause fire and explosion. Contact with moist air forms hydrogen bromide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, vapor, steam, or alcohols, evolving heat and hydrogen
930
PENT ACETATE
bromide. Violent reaction with strong bases, acids, organic materials, alkali metals. Attacks most metals, evolving flammable hydrogen, plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture.
PENT ACETATE (628-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6OoF/16'C). High heat may lead to instability. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. PENTACHLORAETHAN (German) (76-01-7) Incompatible with water, producing dichloroacetic acid. May self-ignite in air. Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Contact with potassium may explode or form shock- and friction-sensitive materials. Incompatible with potassium-sodium alloy. PENTACHLORETHANE (French) (76-01-7) Incompatible with water, producing dichloroacetic acid. May self-ignite in air. Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Contact with potassium may explode or form shock- and friction-sensitive materials. Incompatible with potassium-sodium alloy. PENTACHLOFUN (50-29-3)Incompatible with salts of iron or aluminum, and bases. Do not store in iron containers. PENTACHLOROANTIMONY (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water, or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 17I0F/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors. PENTACHLOROETHANE(76-01-7) Incompatible with water, producing dichloroacetic acid. May self-ignite in air. Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Contact with potassium may explode or form shock- and friction-sensitive materials. Incompatible with potassium-sodium alloy. PENTACHLOROFENOL (87-86-5)Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTACHLORONAPHTHALENE (1321-64-8)Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, powdered aluminum, potassium, sodium. PENTACHLOROPHENATE (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTACHLOROPHENOL or 2,3,4,5,6-PENTACHLOROPHENOL (87-86-5)Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide.
PENTACLORURO de FOSFORO
931
Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
PENTACHLOROPHENOL,DOWICIDE EC-7@(87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTACHLOROPHENOL,DP-2 (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTACHLOROPHENYL CHLORIDE (118-74-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 467OF1242"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. PENTACHLORPHENOL (German) (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTACLOROETANO (Italian) (76-01-7) Incompatible with water, producing dichloroacetic acid. May self-ignite in air. Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Contact with potassium may explode or form shock- and friction-sensitive materials. Incompatible with potassium-sodium alloy. PENTACLOROFENOLO(Italian) (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTACLORURO de ANTIMONIO (Spanish) (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water, or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 17loF/77"C,forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors. PENTACLORURO de FOSFORO (Spanish) (10026-13-8) Contact with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine. Moisture will cause development of pressure in a closed container. Violent reaction with bases, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, dioxide, fluorine, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus trioxide, sodium, urea. Incompatible with aluminum, ethylene oxide, lithium, magnesium oxide, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide, phosphorus trioxide, silicon tetrahydride. Forms explosive materials with carbamates, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide (pyrophoric), nitrobenzene, urethane. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket.
932
PENTACON
PENTACON (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTADECANOL or 1-PENTADECANOL (629-76-5) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. PENTADECYL ALCOHOL (629-76-5) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. 1,3-PENTADIENE or PENTA-13-DIENE (504-60-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -20°F/-29"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. lP-PENTADIENE or PENTA-1,4-DIENE (591-93-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 4OoF/4O0C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. cis-PENTADIENE-1,3 (504-60-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2O"F/ -29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. truns-PENTADIENE-1,3 (504-60-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 20°F/- 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PENTAERYTHRITE (115-77-5) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust cloud forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with organic acids, oxidizers. Incompatible with thiophosphoryl chloride. PENTAERYTHRITOL (115-77-5) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Dust cloud forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with organic acids, oxidizers. Incompatible with thiophosphoryl chloride. PENTAETHYLENE HEXAMINE (4067-16-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"-405"F/175"-207"C cc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks chemically active metals.
PENTAMETHYLENE
933
PENTAFLUOROANTIMONY(7783-70-2) Contact with moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen fluoride. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible organic and siliceous materials, phosphorus and phosphate materials. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture with formation of hydrogen fluoride and explosive hydrogen gas. Severe corrosion of glass.
PENTAFLUOROMONOCHLOROETHANE (76-15-3) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PENTAFLUORURO de ANTIMONIO (Spanish) (7783-70-2) Contact with moisture, water, or steam forms hydrogen fluoride. Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible organic and siliceous materials, phosphorus and phosphate materials. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture with formation of hydrogen fluoride and explosive hydrogen gas. Severe corrosion of glass.
PENTAFLUORURO de ARSENIC0 (Spanish) (7784-36-3) A noncombustible, corrosive gas. Contact with moisture, water, steam, or acids forms hydrogen fluoride and arsenic pentoxide. Incompatible with reducing agents, alkalis, organic or siliceous materials. Violent reaction with 1,3-butadiyne (also a gas, CAS registry number 460-12-8). Attacks glass and metals in the presence of moisture.
PENTAFLUORUROde BROMO (Spanish) (7789-30-2) A powerful oxidizer. Highly reactive with every known element except inert gases. Decomposes on contact with water, causing explosion. Violent reaction with hydrogen-containing materials, reducing agents. Violent reaction with acids, acid fumes, releasing highly toxic fumes of bromine and fluorine. Violent ignition or explosion with powdered metals or chlorine, especially at elevated temperatures. Reacts, and may ignite, on contact with arsenic, arsenic pentoxide, alcohols, ethers, halogens, hydrocarbons, iodine, metal halides, glass, metal oxides, selenium, salts, sulfides, sulfur, and metals (except stainless steel, nickel, and Monel@).Fire and explosions may result from contact with combustibles or organic matter at room temperature. Even under mild conditions, this substance attacks organic compounds vigorously, often causing explosion. Attacks construction materials such as wood, glass, some plastics. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
PENTA-KIL@(87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. PENTALIN (76-01-7) Incompatible with water, producing dichloroacetic acid. May selfignite in air. Contact with aluminum, cadmium, mercury, hot iron, alkalis, alkali metals forms chloroacetylene gas, which is spontaneously explosive in air. Contact with potassium may explode or form shock- and friction-sensitive materials. Incompatible with potassium-sodium alloy.
PENTAMETHYLENE(287-92-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point less than 8"F/-25"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
934
PENTAMETHYLENEDIAMINE or 1,5-PENTAMETHYLENEDlAMINE
PENTAMETHYLENEDIAMINE or 1,s-PENTAMETHYLENEDIAMINE (462-94-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 144"F/62"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids. A strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Attacks copper, nickel, steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PENTAMETHYLENEIMINE(110-89-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6OoF/16"C).A powerful reducing agent: reacts violently with oxidizers. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks nonferrous metals. Attacks most rubbers, plastics, and coatings.
PENTAN (109-66-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4O0F/-40"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PENTANAL or n-PENTANAL (110-62-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines.
PENTAN-2,CDIONE (123-54-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 93"F/ 34°C). May form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage in air; may undergo explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, organic acids, isocyanates.
PENTANE or n-PENTANE (109-66-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4O0F/-40"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
tert-PENTANE (463-82-1) Flammable gas (flash point 122"F/5OoC(in solution)] liberate oxygen, and hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid vapors. Reacts violently with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, glycols, organic substances or other readily oxidizable materials, phenyl hydride, sulfur, metallic dusts such as aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, etc. Attacks chemically active metals.
PERSADOX@ (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/80°C). Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/l03"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols,
954
PERSEC@
amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PERSECO (127-18-4) Decomposes slowly on contact with water or moisture, forming trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with concentrated nitric acid (produces carbon dioxide), strong oxidizers, strong alkalis, powdered, chemicallyactive metals such as aluminum, barium, beryllium, lithium, and zinc. Incompatible with nitrogen tetroxide, finely divided metals. Decomposes in UV light, on contact with red-hot metals, and in temperatures above 302"F/15OoC, releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and phosgene. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture.
PERSIAN-INSECT POWDER@(8003-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 180"190°F/82"-88"C oc). The presence of light, heat, moisture, and air contributes to instability; hydrolyzed by oxygen and/or sunlight. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with alkalis.
PERSIA-PERAZOL@(106-46-7) See Dichlorobenzenes. PERSULFATE d'AMMONIUM (French) (7727-54-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with combustibles, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided and powdered metals with risk of fire and explosions. Mixture with sodium peroxide produces a friction-, heat-, and water-sensitive explosive. Peroxyacids should be kept away from transition metals as contact can cause dangerous decomposition. Storage in sealed containers may be dangerous.
PERSULFATE de SODIUM (French) (7775-27-2) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Reacts slowly with air, forming sodium dioxide and sodium peroxide. Decomposition at elevated temperatures above 2 I 2"F/1OO0C, emitting oxygen. A strong oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,1-dichloro- 1 -nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. PERSULFATO AMONICO SECUNDARIO (7727-54-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts with combustibles, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided and powdered metals with risk of fire and explosions. Mixture with sodium peroxide produces a friction-, heat-, and water-sensitive explosive. Peroxyacids should be kept away from transition metals as contact can cause dangerous decomposition. Storage in sealed containers may be dangerous. PERSULFATO SODICO (Spanish) (7775-27-2) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Reacts slowly with air, forming sodium dioxide and sodium peroxide. Decomposition at elevated temperatures above 212"F/10OoC, emitting oxygen. A strong oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l-dichloro-I-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene. PERTITE@(88-89-1) Flammable solid (flash point 3O2"F/15O0C). Anhydrous material highly unstable and heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive (explodes at approximately
PETROHOL~
955
572"F/3OO0C).The presence of trace metals increases its sensitivity to explosion. Reaction with nitric acid, alkalis, heavy metals, copper, lead, zinc, transition metals, and other metals or their salts can produce other salts, known as picrates, that are initiators which are much more highly sensitive to heat, impact, or shock than this material. Mixtures with perchlorates form extremely powerful, high-velocity explosives. Shock-sensitive salts include ammonium salts and calcium salts; the calcium salt may be produced when picric acid comes into contact with plaster and concrete. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonia. Dry material may accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong oxidizer and strong acid; reacts violently with alkalis, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and other easily oxidized materials, aluminum powders, and other metal powders. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, PVC.
PERUSCABIN@(120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. PERYODATO POTASICO (Spanish) (7790-21-8) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, alcohols, antimony trisulfide, combustible substances, ethers, finely divided metals, nitric acid, organic matter, permanganates, perchlorates, sulfuric acid. Forms impact-sensitive material with ammonium perchlorate. PESTMASTER@(106-93-4) Slowly decomposes in heat, sunlight, or on contact with hot surfaces, producing hydrogen bromide. Reacts with strong bases, chemically active metals, liquid ammonia, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with azides, beryllium, fluorine, halogenated solvents, liquid oxygen, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene-l,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PESTMASTER EDB-85@(106-93-4) Slowly decomposes in heat, sunlight, or on contact with hot surfaces, producing hydrogen bromide. Reacts with strong bases, chemically active metals, liquid ammonia, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with azides, beryllium, fluorine, halogenated solvents, liquid oxygen, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PESTOX PLUS@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. PETHION (56-38-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. PETROHOL@(67-63-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/12"C). Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, crotonaldehyde, phosgene. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic
956
PETROL
amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROL (8006-61-9) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point (73 octane) -45"Fl -43°C; (100 octane) -36"F/-3S0C]. Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLATUM (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 380°F/193"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions.
PETROLATUM JELLY (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 380°F/193°C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions.
PETROLEUM (8002-05-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point O T - 18°C; boiling point 95-140°F/35-600C).* Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: For mixtures of aliphatic hydrocarbons, flash point varies depending on boiling point. Generally, the lower the boiling point, the higher the vapor pressure at 20°C, and the lower the flash point. PETROLEUM BENZIN (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 8 5 T - 2 " to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLEUM DISTILLATE (8002-05-9) (flash point -40°F to -86"F/-4OoC to -66°C.) Oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PETROLEUM DISTILLATE (64741-43-1) Oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES (NAPHTHA) (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PETROLEUM ETHER (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"F/-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLEUM ETHER (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PETROLEUM SPIRITS
957
PETROLEUM GAS, LIQUIFIED, COMPRESSED (68476-85-7) A mixture of propane, butane and other flammable gases (flash point about - 10OoF/-74"C; flash point propane - 156"F/-104"C cc; flash point butane -76"F/-6OoC cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLEUM JELLY (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 380°F/193"C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions.
PETROLEUM NAPHTHA (8030-30-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PETROLEUM NAPHTHA, ALIPHATIC (8002-05-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 0"F/- 18°C; boiling point 95-140°F/35-600C).* Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. "Note: For mixtures of aliphatic hydrocarbons, flash point varies depending on boiling point. Generally, the lower the boiling point, the higher the vapor pressure at 20°C and the lower the flash point.
PETROLEUM NAPHTHA, AROMATIC (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-140"F/38"-60"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLEUM SOLVENT (8002-05-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 0"F/- 18°C; boiling point 95-140"F/35-60°C).* Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: For mixtures of aliphatic hydrocarbons, flash point varies depending on boiling point. Generally, the lower the boiling point, the higher the vapor pressure at 20"C, and the lower the flash point. PETROLEUM SOLVENT (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 8 5 T - 2 " to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PETROLEUM SOLVENT (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-140"F/38"-60"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLEUM SPIRIT (8030-30-6)
Farms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-107"F/37"-42"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PETROLEUM SPIRITS (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"FI-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some
958
PETROLEUM SPIRITS
plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PETROLEUM SPIRITS (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-140"F/38"-60"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PETROLEUM THINNER (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100"-140"F/38"-60"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PETZINOLO (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. PEZIFILMO (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. PFLANZOLO (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals. PG12O (57-55-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 210°F/99"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. PGE (122-60-1) Combustible liquid (flash point > 176"F/>8OoC). Forms unstable peroxides in air and light unless inhibitor is maintained in adequate concentrations. Contact with amines, strong acids, and strong bases may cause polymerization with spattering and the liberation of heat. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. PGME (107-98-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, caustic materials, isocyanates.
PHENE~
959
PHALDRONE (302-17-0) Reacts with strong bases, producing chloroform and formate. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. PHELLANDRENE (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/ 42°C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHENACHLOR (95-95-4) Reacts in alkaline medium at high temperatures, producing dioxin. Heat of decomposition may cause explosion. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides, strong oxidizers. PHENACHLOR (88-06-2) Incompatible with strong oxidizers, hyrochloric acid and other acid chlorides, acetic anhydride and other acid anhydrides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides. PHENACIDE (8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 loF/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. PHENACYL CHLORIDE (532-27-4) Combustible solid (flash point 244"F/118"C cc). Reacts with water, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. React with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Reacts slowly with metals, causing mild corrosion. PHENADOR-X@(92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"F/113"C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. PHENALGENE@(103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on the ring in the o- or p-position). PHENALGIN@(103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/l74"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on the ring in the 0-or p-position). PHENATOX@(8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 loF/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. PHENE@(71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/- 1lOC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as permanganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides,
960
PHENEGIC~
nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PHENEGIC@(92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates.
a-PHENETHYL ALCOHOL (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 200°F/93"C cc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dicblorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum,triisobutylaluminum. PHENETHYLENE OXIDE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point L65"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene.
PHENETOLE (103-73-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides, permanganates, peroxides. PHENIC ACID (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc.
PHENOCHLOR (1336-36-3) See PCBs. PHENOL (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc.
PHENOL, 4-tert-BUTYL-2-CHLORO-, ESTER WITH METHYL METHYLPHOSPHORAMIDATE (299-86-5) Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Alkalis, strong acids, and elevated temperatures cause decomposition, forming fumes of chlorine, nitrogen oxides, and phosphorus oxides. Unstable over long periods of time in water and at temperatures above 14OoF/6O"C.
PHENOLE (German) (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite,
PHENOSAN
961
formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc.
PHENOL, HEXAHYDRO- (108-93-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 154"F/68"C). Contact with oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with chromium trioxide, nitric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. o-p-PHENOLSULFONIC ACID (98-67-9) Reacts with water or steam, evolving heat and fumes of phenol and sulfur oxide. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, alcohols, glycols, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. PHENOL TRINITRATE (88-89-1) Flammable solid (flash point 302"F115O0C). Anhydrous material highly unstable and heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive (explodes at approximately 572"F/3OO0C).The presence of trace metals increases its sensitivity to explosion. Reaction with nitric acid, alkalis, heavy metals, copper, lead, zinc. transition metals, and other metals or their salts can produce other salts, known as picrates, that are initiators which are much more highly sensitive to heat, impact, or shock than this material. Mixtures with perchlorates form extremely powerful, high-velocity explosives. Shocksensitive salts include ammonium salts and calcium salts; the calcium salt may be produced when picric acid comes into contact with plaster and concrete. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonia. Dry material may accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong oxidizer and strong acid; reacts violently with alkalis, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and other easily oxidized materials, aluminum powders, and other metal powders. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, PVC. PHENOL, 2,4,6-TRINITRO-, AMMONIUM SALT (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 25OoF/121"C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts. PHENOOXY ALCOHOL (122-99-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/ 127°C). May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid. nitric acid. PHENOSAN (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates.
962
PHENOTHIAZINE
PHENOTHIAZINE (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. PHENOVERM (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. PHENOX (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 3S6"F/180°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. PHENOXUR (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. PHENOXY BENZENE (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/llS0C). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may gcncrate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHENOXYETHANE (103-73-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 14S0F/63"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides, permanganates, peroxides. 2-PHENOXYETHANOL (122-99-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127"C).May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. (PHEN0XYMETHYL)OXIRANE (122-60-1) Combustible liquid (flash point > 176"F/ >80°C). Forms unstable peroxides in air and light unless inhibitor is maintained in adequate concentrations. Contact with amines, strong acids, and strong bases may cause polymerization with spattering and the liberation of heat. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. PHENOXY-PROPENE OXIDE (122-60-1) Combustible liquid (flash point > 176"F/ >80°C). Forms unstable peroxides in air and light unless inhibitor is maintained in adequate concentrations. Contact with amines, strong acids, and strong bases may cause polymerization with spattering and the liberation of heat. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. PHENOXYTOL (122-99-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. PHENTHIAZINE (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates.
2-(PHENYLAMIN0)ETHANOL
963
N-PHENYLACETAMIDE (103-84-4) A combustible solid (flash point 345"F/174"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers and strong bases. UV light can cause chemical alteration (the acetyl group forms a new bond on the ring in the 0-or p-position). PHENYLACETONITRILE (140-29-4) Combustible (flash point 215"F/102"C). Violent reaction with acids, forming hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with sodium hypochlorite.
3-(l'-PHENYL-%'-ACETYLETHYL)-4-HYDROXYCOUMARIN (81-81-2) Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Isolate from strong acids, strong bases.
~-((u-PHENYL-P-ACETYLETHYL)-~-HYDROXYCOUMARIN (81-81-2) Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Isolate from strong acids, strong bases.
(PHENYL-1-ACETYL-2 ETHYL)-3-HYDROXY-4COUMARINE (French) (81-81-2) Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Isolate from strong acids, strong bases. PHENYL ACETYL NITRILE (140-29-4) Combustible (flash point 215"F/102"C). Violent reaction with acids, forming hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with sodium hypochlorite. PHENYLACROLEIN(104-55-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 23loF/11l°C). A strong reducing agent. Contact with oxidizers, sodium hydroxide can cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, alkaline earth and alkali metals; elevated temperatures will increase reaction. Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings. 3-PHENYLACROLELN (104-55-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 231°F/111"C). A strong reducing agent. Contact with oxidizers, sodium hydroxide can cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, alkaline earth and alkali metals; elevated temperatures will increase reaction. Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings. PHENYL ALLYL ETHER (1746-13-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 143"F/62"C). May form peroxides with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. PHENYLAMINE (62-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/70°C). Unless inhibited (usually by methanol), readily able to polymerize. Violent reaction, including the possibility of fire, explosion, and the formation of heat- or shock-sensitive compounds, may result from contact with acetic anhydride, benzene diazonium-2-carboxylate, aldehydes, alkalis, chlorosulfonic benzenamine hydrochloride, boron trichloride, l-brom0-2,5-pyrrolidinedione, acid, dibenzoyl peroxide, fluorine nitrate, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, oleum, oxidizers, organic anhydrides, ozone, perchloryl fluoride, perchromates, potassium peroxide, P-propiolactone, sodium peroxide, strong acids, trichloromelamine. Strong reaction with toluene diisocyanate. Reacts with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with copper and its alloys. PHENYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE (142-04-1) Combustible (flash point 379"F/ 193°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or acid fumes forms hydrochloric acid and aniline. 2-(PHENYLAMIN0)ETHANOL (122-98-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/ 148°C; 305"F/152"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible
964
PHENYLANTLINE or N-PHENYLANILINE
with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates.
PHENYLANILINE or N-PHENYLANILINE (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine, trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point liquid 307"F/153"C oc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (forms salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and polynitro products. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
4-PHENYLANILINEor p-PHENYLANILINE (92-67-1) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown; autoignition temperature 842"F/450°C). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitric acid, strong oxidizers, hexanitroethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, strong oxidizers. Reacts with aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys and galvanized steel.
PHENYL BENZENE (92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"F/113"C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions.
n-PHENYLBENZENAMINE (122-39-4) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction when added to hexachloromelamine, trichloromelamine. Often shipped in liquid form (flash point liquid 307"F/153"C oc). An organic base. Incompatible with strong acids (forms salts), aldehydes, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers. Reacts with nitrogen oxides to form N-nitrosodiphenylamine and mono- and poly-nitro products. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture.
PHENYL BROMIDE (108-86-1)
Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/51"C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkaline earth metals (e.g., barium, calcium, magnesium, strontium), metallic salts, with risk of violent reactions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PHENYLCARBIMIDE (103-71-9) Reacts with moisture; violent reaction with hot water, steam, evolving heat, carbon dioxide, and cyanide fumes. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, ammonia, glycols, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, caprolactum, mercaptans. strong acids, strong bases. Attacks steel, copper and its alloys.
PHENYLCARBINOL (100-51-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 213"F/ 10l°C). Contact with water may cause frothing. Slowly oxidizes in air and oxygen, forming benzaldehyde. Incompatible with mineral acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
mPHENYLENEBIS(METHYLAM1NE)
965
Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, and explosive with sulfuric acid at elevated temperature. Corrodes aluminum at high temperature. Attacks some nonfluorinated plastics; may not attack polypropylene.
PHENYL CARBONIMIDE (103-71-9) Reacts with moisture; violent reaction with hot water, steam, evolving heat, carbon dioxide, and cyanide fumes. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, ammonia, glycols, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, caprolactum, mercaptans, strong acids, strong bases. Attacks steel, copper and its alloys . PHENYL CARBOXYLIC ACID (65-85-0) Combustible (flash point 249"F/l2loC). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates. PHENYL CELLOSOLVE@(Union Carbide) (122-99-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid. nitric acid. PHENYL CHLORIDE (108-90-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 82"F/28"C). Violent, possibly explosive, reaction with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, nitric acid, dimethylsulfoxide, powdered sodium, silver perchloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHENYL CHLOROFORM (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 26OoF/127"C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. PHENYL CHLOROMETHYL KETONE (532-27-4) Combustible solid (flash point 244"F/118"C cc). Reacts with water, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Reacts slowly with metals, causing mild corrosion. PHENYL CYANIDE (100-47-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 158"F/7OoC). Violent reaction with strong acids, forming hydrogen cyanide gas. Incompatible with oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. L-PHENYLDECANE (104-72-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 225"F/107"C cc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PHENYLDODECAN or 1-PHENYLDODECANE (123-01-3) Combustible liquid (275"F/135"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers; poses risk of fire or explosions.
rn-PHENYLENEBIS(METHYLAM1NE) (1477-55-0) Combustible liquid (flash point
unknown). Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene
966
p-PHENYLENEDIAMINE
oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane.
p-PHENYLENEDIAMINE (106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312OF1156"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark. o-PHENYLENEDIOL (120-80-9) Combustible solid (flash point 26OoF/127"C cc). Dust and powder can form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
l-PHENYL-l,2-EPOXYETHANE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/ 74°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene. PHENYL 2,3-EPOXYPROPYL ETHER (122-60-1) Combustible liquid (flash point >176"F/>80°C). Forms unstable peroxides in air and light unless inhibitor is maintained in adequate concentrations. Contact with amines, strong acids, and strong bases may cause polymerization with spattering and the liberation of heat. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. PHENYLETHANE (100-41-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59OF115"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1-PHENYLETHANOL (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OO0F/93"C cc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. PHENYLETHANOLAMINE or N-PHENYLETHANOLAMINE (122-98-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/148"C; 305"F/152"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. 1-PHENYLETHANONE (98-86-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 17O0F/77'C). Incompatible with strong acids, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, oxidizers, perchloric acid, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. PHENYLETHENE (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/31"C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations,
PHENYLETHYLENE
967
polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 151"F/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane,peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
PHENYL ETHER (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/1lS0C). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHENYL ETHER-BIPHENYL MIXTURE (8004-13-5) Combustible solid or liquid (freezing point 54"F/12"C; flash point 239"F/11SoC cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 1-PHENYL ETHYL ALCOHOL (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 200"F/ 93°C cc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. a-PHENYL ETHYL ALCOHOL (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OO0F/ 93°C cc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. PHENYLETHYLDICHLOROSILANE (1125-27-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 15loF/66"C). Reacts with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PHENYLETHYLENE (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/31°C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 151°F/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5dimethyl-2,S-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane,peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic
968
PHENYLETHYLENE OXIDE
charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
PHENYLETHYLENE OXIDE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene.
PHENYL ETHYL ETHER (103-73-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides, permanganates, peroxides.
PHENYL FLUORIDE (462-06-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S"F/- 15OC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHENYLFLUOROFORM (98-08-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S4"F/12"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidiiers, lithium. Explosive reaction with bis(trifluoromethy1)sulfide.
PHENYLFORMIC ACID (65-85-0) Combustible (flash point 249"F/l2I0C). Dust can form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates. PHENYL GLYCIDYL ETHER (122-60-1) Combustible liquid (flash point > 176"F/ >80°C). Forms unstable peroxides in air and light unless inhibitor is maintained in adequate concentrations. Contact with amines, strong acids, and strong bases may cause polymerization with spattering and the liberation of heat. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, acyl halides. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber.
PHENYL HYDRATE (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc.
PHENYLHYDRAZINE (100-63-0) A highly reactive reducing agent. Combustible solid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with oxidizers: calcium hypochlorite, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, and perchlorates, methyl iodide, 2-phenylamino-3-phenyloxazirane,3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-) oxide, dicyanofurazan, dicyanofurazan-n-oxide, lead dioxide. Mixture with perchloryl fluoride forms an explosive material. Incompatible with oxides of iron, copper, manganese, and their alloys, methyl iodide, sodium dichlorocyanurate, and many organic compounds. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings, and cork, sand. On contact with cotton clothing, may ignite spontaneously.
PHENYL MERCAPTAN
969
PHENYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE or PHENYLHYDRAZINE MONOHY DROCHLORIDE or PHENYLHYDRAZINlUM CHLORIDE (59-88-1) Combustible solid (flash point about 1 94"F/9OoC). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. A strong reducing agent Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, alkalis, ammonia, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with alkali metals, chromates, copper salts. Corrosive to metals, nickel.
PHENYL HYDRIDE (71-43-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12"F/ - 1l°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens. Explosive reaction with fluorine, chlorine. Reacts with ozone, forming the shock-sensitive material ozobenzene. Reacts, possibly violently, with other oxidizers such as pernianganates, oxygen, perchlorates, peroxides, many fluorides, nitric acid, chromic acid anhydride, chromium trioxide, diborane, nitrous oxide. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PHENYL HYDROXIDE (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc.
PHENYLIC ACID (108-95-2) Combustible solid, smelt (molten), or liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with butadiene. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, amides, oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, lead diacetate, menthol, P-naphthol, peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium nitrite. 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene.Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings; hot liquid attacks aluminum, magnesium, lead, and zinc.
PHENYL ISOCYANATE (103-71-9) Reacts with moisture; violent reaction with hot water, steam, evolving heat, carbon dioxide, and cyanide fumes. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, ammonia, glycols, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, caprolactum, mercaptans, strong acids, strong bases. Attacks steel, copper and its alloys. PHENYL KETONE (119-61-9) Combustible solid. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, aldehydes, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid. A variety of unstable peroxides may be formed from the reactions of hydrogen peroxide. PHENYL MERCAPTAN (108-98-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7I0F/22"C; also listed at 132"F/56"C cc; technical grades can be contaminated with carbon disulfide, which may tend to lower the flash point). Reacts with water, steam, or acids, producing toxic and flammable vapors. Oxidizes on exposure to air, forming diphenyl disulfide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, alkali metals. Oxidizes on contact with air. Corrosive to carbon steel.
970
PHENYLMETHANAL
PHENYLMETHANAL (100-52-7)
Combustible liquid (flash point 148"F/64"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, including chromium oxide, peroxyformic acid, potassium permanganate, aluminum, iron, bases, phenol. May self-ignite if absorbed in combustible material with large surface area. Forms peroxides with oxides of nitrogen. Corrodes metal in the presence of moisture.
PHENYL METHANE (108-88-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, bromine trifluoride, chlorine, hydrochloric acid-sulfuric acid mixture, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolididione, dinitrogen tetraoxide, fluorine, nitric acid (conc.), nitrogen dioxide, silver chloride, sulfur dichlonde, uranium fluoride, vinyl acetate. Forms explosive mixture with strong acids, strong oxidizers, silver perchlorate, tetranitromethane. Incompatible with bis-toluenediazo oxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PHENYLMETHANOL (100-51-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 213"F/1Ol0C). Contact with water may cause frothing. Slowly oxidizes in air and oxygen, forming benzaldehyde. Incompatible with mineral acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, and explosive with sulfuric acid at elevated' temperature. Corrodes aluminum at high temperature. Attacks some nonfluorinated plastics; may not attack polypropylene.
PHENYLMETHYL ACETATE (140-11-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 216"F/102"C). Reacts with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
PHENYLMETHYL ALCOHOL (100-51-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 213"F/101"C). Contact with water may cause frothing. Slowly oxidizes in air and oxygen, forming benzaldehyde. Incompatible with mineral acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, and explosive with sulfuric acid at elevated temperature. Corrodes aluminum at high temperature. Attacks some nonfluorinated plastics; may not attack polypropylene. PHENYLMETHYL AMINE (100-46-9) A strongly alkaline liquid. Incompatible with strong acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Violent or explosive reaction with N-chlorosuccinimide. Slowly corrodes some metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
N-PHENYLMETHYLAMINE (100-61-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PHENYLMETHYL CARBINOL (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 200"F/ 93°C cc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
2-PHENYLOXIRANE
971
PHENYL METHYL ETHER (100-66-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 125"F/5loC oc). Able to form unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHENYL METHYL KETONE (98-86-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C). Incompatible with strong acids, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, oxidizers, perchloric acid, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. PHENYL MONOGLYCOL ETHER (122-99-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 260°F/127"C). May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Incompatible with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. a-PHENYLNAPHTHYLAMINEor PHENYL-&-NAPHTHALAMINEor N-PHENYL(90-30-2) Combustible a-NAPHTHALAMINE or N-PHENYL-1-NAPHTHYLAMINE solid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitmtes. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. P-PHENYLNAPHTHYLAMINE or PHENYL-P-NAPHTHYLAMINE (135-88-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture in air. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. N-PHENYL-2-NAPHTHYLAMINE (135-88-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture in air.Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHENYL OXIDE (101-84-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 239"F/115OC). Contact with strong acids, strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with chlorosulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHENYLOXIRANE or 1-PHENYLOXIRANE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene . 2-PHENYLOXIRANE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene.
972
PHENYL PERCHLORYL
PHENYL PERCHLORYL (118-74-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 467"F/242"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium.
PHENYL PHOSPHATE (115-86-6) Combustible solid but does not burn without a source of ignition (flash point 428"F/220°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates, antimony pentachloride, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings.
PHENYLPHOSPHINE DICHLORIDE (644-97-3) Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrochloric. Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture except 316 stainless steel, nickel, and Hastelloy@. PHENYLPHOSPHONOUS DICHLORIDE (644-97-3) Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrochloric. Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture except 316 stainless steel, nickel, and Hastelloyo.
PHENYLPHOSPHORUS DICHLORIDE (644-97-3) Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrochloric. Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture except 316 stainless steel, nickel, and Hastelloyo. 1-PHENYLPROPANE (103-65-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 86"F/30°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid. Attacks some plastics and coatings. 2-PHENYLPROPANE (98-82-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 92"F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, oleum, oxygen. Unless inhibited, it can form unstable peroxides. Prolonged exposure to air forms the highly reactive oxidizer cumene hydroperoxide. Attacks rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
3-PHENYLPROPENAL or 3-PHENYL-2-PROPENAL (104-55-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 231"F/11 l°C). A strong reducing agent. Contact with oxidizers, sodium hydroxide can cause fKe and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, alkaline earth and alkali metals; elevated temperatures will increase reaction. Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings.
PHENYLPROPYLENE or 2-PHENYLPROPYLENE or P-PHENYLPROPYLENE (98-83-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 129"F/54"C). Violent reaction with
PHORTOX~
973
strong oxidizers, butyl lithium, oleum, xenon tetrafluoride. Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Incompatible with acids. Reacts with heat and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration, andor contact with catalysts for vinyl or ionic polymerization, such as aluminum, The uninhibited monomer iron chloride, or 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane. vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
PHENYLTHIOL (108-98-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7 l"F122"C; also listed at 132"F/56"C cc; technical grades can be contaminated with carbon disulfide, which may tend to lower the flash point). Reacts with water, steam, or acids, producing toxic and flammable vapors. Oxidizes on exposure to air, forming diphenyl disulfide. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, alkali metals. Oxidizes on contact with air. Corrosive to carbon steel. PHENYLTRICHLOROMETHANE (98-07-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 260"Fl 127°C). Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts slowly with water, forming corrosive hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid. Reacts violently with amines or finely divided light metals (aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, etc.). Contact with acids evolves chlorine gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 1-PHENYLTRIDECANE (123-02-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 230"F/1 10OC). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. PHILOSOPHERS WOOL (1314-13-2) Incompatible with linseed oil, magnesium, chlorinated rubber (at 419"F/215"C). Slowly decomposed by water. PHLOROL (90-00-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 173"F/78"C). Reacts with boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. PHORONE (504-20-1) Combustible liquid or solid (tlash point 185"F/85"C). Powder or dust forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids. Attacks some plastics and coatings. PHORSAEURELOESUNGEN (German) (7664-38-2) A medium-strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Violent reaction if water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts violently with solutions containing ammonia or bleach, azo compounds, epoxides, and other polymerizable compounds. Reacts, possibly violently, with amines, aldehydes, alkanolamines, alcohols, alkylene oxides, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium oxide, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, oleum, organic anhydrides, sodium tetrahydroborate, sulfides, sulfuric acid, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water. Forms explosive nlixture with nitromethane. At elevated temperatures, attacks many metals, producing hydrogen gas. At room temperature, does not attack stainless steel, copper or its alloys. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PHORTOX@(93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 316"F/158"C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
974
PHOSDRIN, PHOSDRIN 24, or cis-PHOSDRIN
PHOSDRIN, PHOSDRIN 24, or cis-PHOSDRIN (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. PHOSFENE (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347"F/175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. PHOSFLEX 179-C (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/225"C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PHOSGEN (German) (75-44-5) Poisonous gas. Decomposes slowly with water, producing hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, anhydrous ammonia, isopropanol, chemically active metals, silicon tetrahydride, sodium. Forms shock-sensitive material with potassium. Incompatible with tert-butylazidoformate, sodium azide. Attacks most metals in moist conditions; however, it may not affect monel, tantalum, or glass-lined equipment. Note: Sodium hydroxide or anhydrous ammonia has been used to neutralize this gas. PHOSGENE (75-44-5) Poisonous gas. Decomposes slowly with water, producing hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, anhydrous ammonia, isopropanol, chemically active metals, silicon tetrahydride, sodium. Forms shocksensitive material with potassium. Incompatible with tert-butylazidoformate, sodium azide. Attacks most metals in moist conditions; however, it may not affect monel, tantalum, or glasslined equipment. Note: Sodium hydroxide or anhydrous ammonia has been used to neutralize this gas. PHOSKIL (56-38-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. PHOSPHATE de 0,O-DIMETHYLE et de 0-(1,2-DIBROMO-2,2-DICHLORETHYLE) (French) (300-76-5) Degraded by UV light or sunlight. Contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Hydrolyzed by water; rapidly hydrolyzed in alkali solutions. Corrosive to metals. PHOSPHATE de DIMETHYLE et de 2-DIMETHYLCARBAMOYL 1-METHYL VINYLE (French) (141-66-2) May react violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates. Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 135"F/55"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate.
PHOSPHORAMIDIC ACID, METHYL-,Z-CHLORO-4-(1.1 -DIMETHYLETHYL)PHENYL METHYL ESTER
975
PHOSPHENE (French) (7786-34-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 347OF1175"C oc). Hydrolyzes rapidly in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to many metals. PHOSPHENYL CHLORIDE (644-97-3) Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrochloric. Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture except 316 stainless steel, nickel, and Hastelloy@. PHOSPHINE (7803-51-2)Unusually reactive, extremely flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously or explode in air (although pure, uncontaminated material may not explode in air until temperature reaches 212"F/100°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, pure oxygen. Evolves flammable hydrogen; reacts violently or forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive products with many substances, including acids, alkalis, amines, boron trichloride, bromine, dichlorine oxide, halogenated compounds, lead hyponitrite, mercury nitrate, nitrogen chloride. Elevated temperatures above 700"F/371"C may cause storage cylinders to explode. PHOSPHONIC ACID (13598-36-2)Unless stored in airtight containers, readily absorbs oxygen, forming phosphoric acid. Decomposes above 390°F/198"C, forming phosphine that may ignite spontaneously in air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some metals. PHOSPHONIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER (868-85-9)Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 85"F/30°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine fluoride, butyl acrylate. Incompatible with acids, nitrates. May release phosphine in elevated temperatures. PHOSPHORAMIDIC ACID, 4-tert-BUTYL-2-CHLOROPHENYLPHOSPHORAMIDATE (299-86-5)Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Alkalis, strong acids, and elevated temperatures cause decomposition, forming fumes of chlorine, nitrogen oxides, and phosphorus oxides. Unstable over long periods of time in water and at temperatures above 14OoF/60"C. PHOSPHORAMIDIC ACID, METHYL-, 4-tert-BUTYL-2-CHLOROPHENYL (29986-5) Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Alkalis, strong acids, and elevated temperatures cause decomposition, forming fumes of chlorine, nitrogen oxides, and phosphorus oxides. Unstable over long periods of time in water and at temperatures above 14OoF/60"C.
PHOSPHORAMIDIC ACID, METHYL-,2-CHLORO-4-(l,l-DIMETHYLETHYL)PHENYL METHYL ESTER (299-86-5)Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Alkalis, strong acids, and elevated temperatures cause decomposition, forming fumes of chlorine, nitrogen oxides, and phosphorus oxides. Unstable over long periods of time in water and at temperatures above 140"F160"C.
976
PHOSPHORATED HYDROGEN
PHOSPHORATED HYDROGEN (7803-51-2) Unusually reactive, extremely flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously or explode in air (although pure, uncontaminated material may not explode in air until temperature reaches 212"F/10OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, pure oxygen. Evolves flammable hydrogen; reacts violently or forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive products with many substances, including acids, alkalis, amines, boron trichloride, bromine, dichlorine oxide, halogenated compounds, lead hyponitrite, mercury nitrate, nitrogen chloride. Elevated temperatures above 700OF137 I "C may cause storage cylinders to explode. PHOSPHORE BLANC (French) (7723-14-0) More highly reactive than red phosphorus. Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air, at or above 86"F/30°C. A strong reducing agent and fire risk; store under water or inert gas, away from heat. Contact with all oxidizers, elemental sulfur, halogens, halides can cause fire and explosions. Contact with strong caustics produces poisonous and flammdbk phosphine gas. Contact with metals forms highly reactive phosphides. Melts at 1 1 1°F/43"C to a yellow or white liquid. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. See also Red Phosphorus. PHOSPHORE (PENTACHLORURE de) (French) (10026-13-8) Contact with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine. Moisture will cause development of pressure in a closed container. Violent reaction with bases, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, dioxide, fluorine, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus trioxide, sodium, urea. Incompatible with aluminum, ethylene oxide, lithium, magnesium oxide, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide, phosphorus trioxide, silicon tetrahydride. Forms explosive materials with carbamates, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide (pyrophoric), nitrobenzene, urethane. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket. PHOSPHORE (TRICHLORURE de) (French) (7719-12-2) Contact with many substances and materials can lead to fire and explosions. Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas; may ignite spontaneously. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, strong bases, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, fluorine, hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium, hydroxylamine, iodine monochloride, magnesium oxide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, organic acids, organic matter, potassium, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, selenium(1V) dioxide, sodium, sodium peroxide, sulfur acids, tetravinyllead. Forms unstable compounds with carboxylic acids. Incompatible with acetyl chloride, ally1 alcohol, chromium pentafluoride, lead dioxide. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket. In case of fire use, approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. PHOSPHORIC ACID or rn-PHOSPHORIC ACID (7664-38-2) A medium-strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Violent reaction if water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts violently with solutions
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRI-o-CRESYL ESTER
977
containing ammonia or bleach, azo compounds, epoxides, and other polymerizable compounds. Reacts, possibly violently, with amines, aldehydes, alkanolamines, alcohols, alkylene oxides, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium oxide, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, oleum, organic anhydrides, sodium tetrahydroborate, sulfides, sulfuric acid, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water. Forms explosive mixture with nitromethane. At elevated temperatures, attacks many metals, producing hydrogen gas. At room temperature, does not attack stainless steel, copper or its alloys. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER (107-66-4)Reacts with moisture in air, form-
ing hydrogen phosphate. Reacts with water, steam, forming phosphoric acid. Reacts violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, nitrates, silver nitrate. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, O,O-DIETHYL-0-6-METHYL-2-(1-METHYLETHY)-4PYRIMIDINYL ESTER (333-41-5)A weak base. Hydrolyzes slowly in water and dilute acid. With excess water, this compound produces diethylthiophosphoric acid and Zisopropyl4-methyl-6-pyrimidol. With insufficient water, this compound produces highly toxic tetraethyl monothiopyrophosphate. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Reacts with strong acids, alkalis, copper-containing compounds, oxidizers.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER, WITH (E)-3-HYDROXY-N,NDIMETHYLCROTONAMIDE (141-66-2)May react violently with antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with nitrates. Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass, and stainless steel 304. Slow hydrolysis in water. Decomposes in storage at temperatures above 135"F/55"C. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lead diacetate, magnesium, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, silver nitrate, vinyl acetate.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TETRAETHYL ESTER (107-49-3)Reacts with water, forming
phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300"F/15OoC can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRIBUTYL ESTER (126-73-8)Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/I46"C oc). Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers, warm water, moist air. Reacts with warm water, producing phosphoric acid and butanol. Reacts with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRI-o-CRESYL ESTER (78-30-8) Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
978
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRIETHYL ESTER
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRIETHYL ESTER (78-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 21O0F/99"C cc). Slow decomposition in water. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with strong acids, lead diacetate, magnesium, nitrates, silver nitrate.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRIPHENYL ESTER (115-86-6) Combustible solid but does not burn without a source of ignition (flash point 428"F/220°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. strong acids, nitrates, antimony pentachloride, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) ESTER PHOSPHORIC ACID (126-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 1 IOOC). Incompatible with acids. bases, strong oxidizers.
PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRISODIUM SALT (7601-54-9) Reacts with moisture in air, forming sodium carbonate. Aqueous solution is a strong caustic. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and related alloys in the presence of moisture. PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRIS(2-METHYLPHENYL) ESTER (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/225"C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHOSPHORIC ANHYDRIDE (1314-56-3) Reacts with water, water mist, steam, alcohols. forming heat and phosphoric acid. Reacts violently with bromine pentafluoride, caustics, formic acid, hydrotluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide, iodides, metallic powders, methyl hydroperoxide, perchloric acid, potassium, strong oxidizers, propargyl alcohol, sodium, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with ammonia, calcium oxide. Attacks metals, forming flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHORIC BROMIDE (7789-69-7) Chemical reactions with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Contact with moist air forms hydrogen bromide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, water, vapor, steam, or alcohols, evolving heat and hydrogen bromide. Violent reaction with strong bases, acids, organic materials, alkali metals. Attacks most metals, evolving flammable hydrogen, plastics, rubber. and coatings in the presence of moisture. PHOSPHORIC CHLORIDE (10026-13-8) Contact with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine. Moisture will cause development of pressure in a closed container. Violent reaction with bases, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, dioxide, tluorine, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus trioxidc, sodium, urea. Incompatible with aluminum, ethylene oxide, lithium, magnesium oxide, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide, phosphorus trioxide, silicon tetrahydride.
PHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID,U,O-DIETHYL-0-p-NITROPHENYL ESTER
979
Forms explosive materials with carbamates, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide(pyrophoric), nitrobenzene, urethane. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket.
PHOSPHORIC SULFIDE (1314-80-3) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 287"F/14loC). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air; in moist air may ignite spontaneously. Violent decomposition in water, water mist, steam, acids, alcohols, or glycols, evolving heat, hydrogen sulfide, and phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, ethylene glycol, organic acids, organic materials. Reaction with strong alkalis may also release phosphine gas. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin; may increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. PHOSPHORODICHLORIDIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (1498-51-7) May be combustible. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrochloric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, nitrates. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. PHOSPHORODIFLUORIDICACID or PHOSPHORODIFLUORIDICACID (ANHYDROUS) (13779-41-4) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen fluoride. Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrofluoric acid. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks glass and other siliceous materials. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. PHOSPHORODITHIOIC ACID, 0,O-DIETHYL ESTER, S,S-DIESTER WITH METHANEDITHIOL (563-12-2) Slowly oxidized in air. Incompatible with alkaline formulations, perchloric acid. Mixtures with magnesium may be explosive. Attacks natural rubber. PHOSPHORODITHIONICACID, 5'-2-(ETHYLTHIO)ETHYL-O, 0-DIETHYL ESTER (298-04-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/82"C). Incompatible with alkalis, strong oxidizers. PHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID, O,O-DIETHYL-0-2-(ETHYLTHIO)ETHYL ESTER, MIXED WITH 0,O-DIETHYL S-2-(ETHYLTHIO)ETHYLPHOSPHOROTHIOATE (8065-48-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90-1 13"F/3245"C in xylene solvent). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics. PHOSPHOROTHIOICACID, 0,O-DIETHYL-0-p-NITROPHENYL ESTER (56-38-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
980
PHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID, 0,O-DIETHYL 0-@-NITROPHENYL)ESTER
PHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID, 0,O-DIETHYL 0-(p-N1TROPHENYL)ESTER (5638-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
PHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID, O,O-DIMETHYL-0-(4-NITROPHENYL)ESTER (29800-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115"F/46"C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/50°C. Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics.
PHOSPHOROUS ACID, TRIETHYL ESTER (122-52-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point1 15"F/46"C cc). Elevated temperatures may cause emission of phosphine. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, nitrates, oxidizers, magnesium.
PHOSPHOROUS ACID, TRIMETHYL ESTER (121-45-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 130°F/54"C oc; 82"F/28"C cc). Reacts with water. Incompatible with air, moisture, strong bases. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers, magnesium perchlorate. Store and handle under nitrogen blanket.
PHOSPHOROUS CHLORIDE (7719-12-2) Contact with many substances and materials can lead to fire and explosions. Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas; may ignite spontaneously. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, strong bases, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, fluorine, hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium, hydroxylamine, iodine monochloride, magnesium oxide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, organic acids, organic matter, potassium, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, selenium (IV) dioxide, sodium, sodium peroxide, sulfur acids, tetravinyllead. Forms unstable compounds with carboxylic acids. Incompatible with acetyl chloride, ally1 alcohol, chromium pentafluoride, lead dioxide. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. PHOSPHORUS PENTABROMIDE(7789-69-7) Chemical reactions with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Contact with moist air forms hydrogen bromide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, water, vapor, steam, or alcohols, evolving heat and hydrogen bromide. Violent reaction with strong bases, acids, organic materials, alkali metals. Attacks most metals, evolving flammable hydrogen, plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHOROUS PENTOXIDE (1314-56-3) Reacts with water, water mist, steam, alcohols. forming heat and phosphoric acid. Reacts violently with bromine pentafluoride. cawtics, formic acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide, iodides, metallic powders, methyl hydroperoxide, perchloric acid. potassium, strong oxidizers, propargyl alcohol, sodium, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with ammonia, calcium oxide. Attacks metals, forming flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHORUS, AMORPHOUS, RED
981
PHOSPHORPENTACHLORID (German) (10026-13-8) Contact with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine. Moisture will cause development of pressure in a closed container. Violent reaction with bases, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, dioxide, fluorine, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus trioxide, sodium, urea. Incompatible with aluminum, ethylene oxide, lithium, magnesium oxide, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide, phosphorus trioxide, silicon tetrahydride. Forms explosive materials with carbamates, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide(pyrophoric), nitrobenzene, urethane. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket.
PHOSPHORTRICHLORID(German) (7719-12-2) Contact with many substances and materials can lead to tire and explosions. Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas; may ignite spontaneously. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, strong bases, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, fluorine, hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium, hydroxylamine, iodine monochloride, magnesium oxide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, organic acids, organic matter, potassium, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, selenium (IV) dioxide, sodium, sodium peroxide, sulfur acids, tetravinyllead. Forms unstable compounds with carboxylic acids. Incompatible with acetyl chloride, ally1 alcohol, chromium pentafluoride, lead dioxide. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
PHOSPHORUS, AMORPHOUS,RED (7723-14-0) Less reactive than white phosphorus. Red is a combustible solid; ignites in air at 50OoF/260"C. Red phosphorus can decompose into more hazardous white at 554"F/29O0C. Contact with oxidizers can cause ignition and explosions, or produce shock-sensitive compounds. Also reacts with reducing agents. Produces phosphine gas on contact with moisture and oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with many other substances, including ammonium nitrate, antimony pentachloride, antimony pentafluoride, barium bromate, barium chlorate, barium iodate, barium sulfate, beryllium, boron triiodide, bromates, bromine, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, bremoazide, calcium bromate, calcium chlorate, calcium iodate, calcium sulfate, cesium acetylene carbide, cesuim nitride, chlorates, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorine monoxide, chlorine trioxide, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, chromyl chloride, copper and its alloys, cyanogen iodide, fluorine, dichlorine oxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, halides, halogen azides, hydrogen peroxide, hydroiodic acid (forms phosphine gas), iodates, iodine, iodine pentafluoride, iodine trichloride, lead dioxide, lead peroxide, lithium carbide, lithium, lithium silicide, magnesium bromate, magnesium chlorate, magnesium iodate, magnesium perchlorate, manganese, mercuric oxide, mercurous nitrate, mercury(1) nitrate, metal oxides, nitrates, nitric acid, nitrogen bromide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen halides, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen tribromide, nitrogen trichloride. nitrosyl fluoride, nitryl fluoride, oxygen, oxygen difluoride, peroxides, peroxyformic acid, potassium bromate, potassium chlorate, potassium hydroxide, potassium iodate, potassium nitride, potassium
982
PHOSPHORUS BROMIDE
permanganate, potassium peroxide, rubidium acetylene carbide, selenium, selenium oxychloride, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sodium bromate, sodium carbide, sodium chlorate, sodium chlorite, sodium hydroxide, sodium iodate, sodium nitrate, sodium peroxide, sulfates, sulfur, sulfur trioxide, sulfuric acid, thorium, zinc bromate, zinc chlorate, zinc iodate, zirconium. Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place.
PHOSPHORUS BROMIDE (7789-60-8) Chemical reactions with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Contact with moist air, evolving hydrogen bromide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, vapor, steam, alcohols, acids, acid fumes, evolving heat, hydrogen bromide, and phosphine. Violent reaction with strong bases, alkali metals, ammonia, chlorosulfuric acid, ethylbenzyl alcohol, fluorosulfuric acid, organic materials, oxidizers, reducing agents, sulfuric acid, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)methane,oleum, potassium, sodium. Aqueous solution increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks most metals except lead and nickel, evolving flammable hydrogen, plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture. PHOSPHORUS CHLORIDE (10025-87-3) Fumes in moist air. Contact with water, steam, or alcohols produces hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas, which is pyrophoric, with possible ignition or explosion (may be a delayed reaction). Contact with air produces corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with carbon disulfide, 2,6-dimethylpyridine-Noxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ferrocene 1,1'-dicarboxylic acid, pyridine, zinc powder. Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, alkali metals, alkalis, combustible materials, dimethyl formamide, organic matter, zinc powder. Incompatible with acetic anhydride, N,N-dimethyl formamide, 2,S-dimethylpyrrole, sodium. Rapid corrosion of steel and most metals, except lead, occurs in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHORUS OXYCHLORIDE (10025-87-3) Fumes in moist air. Contact with water, steam, or alcohols produces hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas, which is pyrophoric, with possible ignition or explosion (may be a delayed reaction). Contact with air produces corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with carbon disulfide, 2,6-dimethylpyridineN-oxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ferrocene-1,l '-dicarboxylic acid, pyridine, zinc powder. Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, alkali metals, alkalis, combustible materials, dimethyl formamide, organic matter, zinc powder. Incompatible with acetic anhydride, N,N-dimethyl formamide. 2,5-dimethylpyrrole. sodium. Rapid corrosion of steel and most metals, except lead, occurs in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHORUS OXYTRICHLORIDE (10025-87-3) Fumes in moist air. Contact with water, steam, or alcohols produces hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas, which is pyrophoric, with possible ignition or explosion (may be a delayed reaction). Contact with air produces corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with carbon disulfide, 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ferrocene- 1,1'-dicarboxylic acid, pyridine, zinc powder. Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, alkali metals, alkalis, combustible materials, dimethyl formamide. organic matter, zinc powder. Incompatible with acetic anhydride, N,N-dimethyl formamide. 2,s-dimethylpyrrole. sodium. Rapid corrosion of steel and most metals, except lead, occurs in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE (10026-13-8) Contact with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent
PHOSPHORUS, RED
983
reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine. Moisture will cause development of pressure in a closed container. Violent reaction with bases, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, dioxide, fluorine, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus trioxide, sodium, urea. Incompatible with aluminum, ethylene oxide, lithium, magnesium oxide, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide,phosphorus trioxide, silicon tetrahydride. Forms explosive materials with carbamates, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide (pyrophoric), nitrobenzene, urethane. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket.
PHOSPHORUS PENTASULFIDE (1314-80-3) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 287"F114l0C).Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air; in moist air may ignite spontaneously. Violent decomposition in water, water mist, steam, acids, alcohols, or glycols, evolving heat, hydrogen sulfide, and phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, ethylene glycol, organic acids, organic materials. Reaction with strong alkalis may also release phosphine gas. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin; may increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. In case of tire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. PHOSPHORUS PERCHLORIDE (10026-13-8) Contact with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine. Moisture will cause development of pressure in a closed container. Violent reaction with bases, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, dioxide, fluorine, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus trioxide, sodium, urea. Incompatible with aluminum, ethylene oxide, lithium, magnesium oxide, 3 '-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide, phosphorus trioxide, silicon tetrahydride. Forms explosive materials with carbamates, 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide(pyrophoric), nitrobenzene, urethane. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket.
PHOSPHORUS PERSULFIDE (1314-80-3) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 287"F/141°C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air; in moist air may ignite spontaneously. Violent decomposition in water, water mist, steam, acids, alcohols, or glycols, evolving heat, hydrogen sulfide, and phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, ethylene glycol, organic acids, organic materials. Reaction with strong alkalis may also release phosphine gas. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin; may increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone. clay.
PHOSPHORUS, RED (7723-14-0) Less reactive than white phosphorus. Red is a combustible solid; ignites in air at 500°F/2600C. Red phosphorus can decompose into more hazardous white at 554"F/290°C. Contact with oxidizers can cause ignition and explosions, or
984
PHOSPHORUS SULFIDE
produce shock-sensitive compounds. Also reacts with reducing agents. Produces phosphine gas on contact with moisture and oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with many other substances, including ammonium nitrate, antimony pentachloride, antimony pentafluoride, barium bromate, barium chlorate, barium iodate, barium sulfate, beryllium, boron triiodide, bromates, bromine, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, bremoazide, calcium bromate, calcium chlorate, calcium iodate, calcium sulfate, cesium acetylene carbide, cesuim nitride, chlorates. chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorine monoxide, chlorine trioxide, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, chromyl chloride, copper and its alloys, cyanogen iodide, fluorine, dichlorine oxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, halides, halogen azides, hydrogen peroxide, hydroiodic acid (forms phosphine gas), iodates, iodine, iodine pentafluoride, iodine trichloride, lead dioxide, lead peroxide, lithium carbide, lithium, lithium silicide, magnesium bromate, magnesium chlorate, magnesium iodate, magnesium perchlorate, manganese, mercuric oxide, mercurous nitrate, mercury(1) nitrate, metal oxides, nitrates, nitric acid, nitrogen bromide. nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen halides, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen tribromide, nitrogen trichloride, nitrosyl fluoride, nitryl fluoride, oxygen, oxygen difluoride, peroxides, peroxyformic acid, potassium bromate, potassium chlorate, potassium hydroxide, potassium iodate, potassium nitride, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, rubidium acetylene carbide, selenium, selenium oxychloride, silver nitrate, silver oxide, sodium bromate. sodium carbide, sodium chlorate, sodium chlorite, sodium hydroxide, sodium iodate, sodium nitrate, sodium peroxide, sulfates, sulfur, sulfur trioxide, sulfuric acid, thorium, zinc bromate, zinc chlorate, zinc iodate, zirconium. Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place.
PHOSPHORUS SULFIDE (1314-80-3) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 287"F/141°C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air; in moist air may ignite spontaneously. Violent decomposition in water, water mist, steam, acids, alcohols, or glycols, evolving heat, hydrogen sulfide, and phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, ethylene glycol, organic acids, organic materials. Reaction with strong alkalis may also release phosphine gas. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamiues, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyauates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin; may increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
PHOSPHORUS TRIBROMIDE (7789-60-8) Chemical reactions with many materials can cause fire and explosions. Contact with moist air evolves hydrogen bromide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, vapor, steam, alcohols, acids, acid fumes, evolving heat, hydrogen bromide, and phosphine. Violent reaction with strong bases, alkali metals, ammonia, chlorosulfuric acid, ethylbenzyl alcohol, fluorosulfuric acid, organic materials, oxidizers, reducing agents, sulfuric acid, 1 , 1 , 1 -tris(hydroxymethyl)methane, oleum, potassium, sodium. Aqueous solution increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks most metals except lead and nickel, evolving tlammable hydrogen, plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHORUS TRICHLORIDE (7719-12-2) Contact with many substances and materials can lead to fire and explosions. Reacts with moist air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water, water mist, steam, alcohols, forming heat and causing violent spattering, with formation of hydrochloric acid. phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas; may
PHOSPHOSTIGMINE~
985
ignite spontaneously. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, strong bases, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, chlorine, chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, fluorine, hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium, hydroxylamine, iodine monochloride, magnesium oxide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, organic acids, organic matter, potassium, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, selenium(1V) dioxide, sodium, sodium peroxide, sulfur acids, tetravinyllead. Forms unstable compounds with carboxylic acids. Incompatible with acetyl chloride, ally1 alcohol, chromium pentafluoride, lead dioxide. Attacks many metals with the formation of flammable hydrogen, in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under nitrogen or other inert gas blanket. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
PHOSPHORUS TRIHYDROXIDE (13598-36-2) Unless stored in airtight containers, readily absorbs oxygen, forming phosphoric acid. Decomposes above 39OoF/198"C,forming phosphine that may ignite spontaneously in air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some metals. PHOSPHORUS, WHITE or YELLOW (7723-14-0) More highly reactive than red phosphorus. Pyrophoric: ignites spontaneously on contact with air, at or above 86"F/30°C. A strong reducing agent and fire risk; store under water or inert gas, away from heat. Contact with all oxidizers, elemental sulfur, halogens, halides can cause fire and explosions. Contact with strong caustics produces poisonous and flammable phosphine gas. Contact with metals forms highly reactive phosphides. Melts at 11loF/43"C to a yellow or white liquid. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. See also Red Phosphorus. PHOSPHORWASSERSTOFF (German) (7803-51-2) Unusually reactive, extremely flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Pyrophoric: may ignite spontaneously or explode in air (although pure, uncontaminated material may not explode in air until temperature reaches 21 2"F/100°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, pure oxygen. Evolves flammable hydrogen: reacts violently or forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive products with many substances, including acids, alkalis, amines, boron trichloride, bromine, dichlorine oxide, halogenated compounds, lead hyponitrite, mercury nitrate, nitrogen chloride. Elevated temperatures above 700°F/371"C may cause storage cylinders to explode. PHOSPHORYL CHLORIDE (10025-87-3) Fumes in moist air. Contact with water, steam, or alcohols produces hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and phosphine gas, which is pyrophoric, with possible ignition or explosion (may be a delayed reaction). Contact with air produces corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with carbon disulfide, 2,6-dimethylpyridine-Aoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ferrocene- 1,1'-dicarboxylic acid, pyridine, zinc powder. Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, alkali metals, alkalis, combustible materials, dimethyl formamide, organic matter, zinc powder. Incompatible with acetic anhydride, N,N-dimethyl formamide, 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, sodium. Rapid corrosion of steel and most metals, except lead, occurs in the presence of moisture.
PHOSPHOSTIGMINE@(56-38-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings.
986
PHOSPHOTOX E@
PHOSPHOTOX E@(563-12-2) Slowly oxidized in air. Incompatible with alkaline formulations, perchloric acid. Mixtures with magnesium may be explosive. Attacks natural rubber. PHOSPHUKES d'ALUMIUM (French) (20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate.
PHOSTOXIN@(20859-73-8) Contact with moisture (including atmospheric moisture), water, steam, or alkali liberates spontaneously combustible phosphine gas. Contact with strong acids is violent and also yields phosphine gas. Violent reaction with chlorine, potassium nitrate.
PHOSVINO (1314-84-7) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with water, steam, moisture in air, acids, andor heat, producing fumes of phosphorus, zinc oxides, flammable phosphine. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorine, fluorine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with carbon dioxide, halogenated compounds. Reacts with most common extinguishing agents. Forms heat-, friction-, and shocksensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium chlorate. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
PHOTOPHOK@(1305-99-3) A strong reducing agent. Forms phosphine gas in moist air; may spontaneously combust. Violent reaction with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, dichlorine oxide, oxygen, sulfur. Violent reaction with water, steam, acids, alcohols, releasing phosphine gas and phosphine dimer, with risk of fire and/or explosions. Elevated temperatures form thick smoke and phosphoric acid. Attacks some metals and coatings.
PHPH (92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"F/113"C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. PHTHALANDIONE or 1'3-PHTHALANDIONE (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/152"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1 &diaminoethane, 1,3diphenyltriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)-2-propen-l-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHTHALIC ACID or rn-PHTHALIC ACID (88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point 334"F/16SoC). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIAMYL ESTER
987
PHTHALIC ACID ANHYDRIDE (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"FI 152°C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyItriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyl iron)-2-propen-l-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PHTHALIC ACID, BENZYL BUTYL ETHER (85-68-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/199"C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Attacks rubber and coatings. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow. PHTHALIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER) (117-81-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 39OoF/199"C).Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers. PHTHALIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER) (117-84-0) Combustible solid (flash point 425"F/218"C oc). Water contact causes frothing. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates. PHTHALIC ACID, BIS(2-METH0XYETHYL)ESTER(121-45-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 130°F/54"C oc; 82"F/28"C cc). Reacts with water. Incompatible with air, moisture, strong bases. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers, magnesium perchlorate. Store and handle under nitrogen blanket. PHTHALIC ACID, BIS(8-METHYL-NONYL) ESTER (26761-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 45OoF/232"C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers. May attack some forms of plastics. PHTHALIC ACID, BIS(7-METHYLOCTYL) ESTER (88-99-3) Combustible solid (flash point 334"F/168"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, nitromethane, strong oxidizers, sodium nitrite. PHTHALIC ACID, DIALLYL ESTER (131-17-9) Combustible liquid (33OoF/165"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Heat and contact with peroxides can cause polymerization, creating a solid mass. o-PHTHALIC ACID, DIALLYL ESTER (131-17-9) Combustible liquid (33OoF/165"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. Heat and contact with peroxides can cause polymerization, creating a solid mass. PHTHALICACID, DIAMYL ESTER (131-18-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/ 118°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
988
PHTHALIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTERCELLUFLEX DBP
PHTHALIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTERCELLUFLEX DBP (84-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 14"F/157"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER (84-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 14"F/ 157OC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong alkalis.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER (84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/ 1 17°C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIHEPTYL ESTER (3648-21-3) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates. strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PHTHALIC ACID, DI-ISOBUTYL ESTER (84-69-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 365"F/185"C). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids. strong oxidizers, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIISODECYL ESTER (26761-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 45OoF/232"C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers. May attack some forms of plastics.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER (131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
PHTHALIC ACID, DINONYL ESTER (84-76-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 420°F/ 2 16°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIOCTYL ESTER (117-84-0) Combustible solid (flash point 425"F/ 21 8°C oc). Water contact causes frothing. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates.
PHTHALIC ACID, DIPENTYI, ESTER (131-18-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 24S°F/1 18°C cc). Contact with moisture may cause decomposition. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
PHTHALIC ACID, DITRIDECYL ESTER (119-06-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 47O"F/243"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. PHTHALIC ACID, DIUNDECYL ESTER (3648-20-2) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates.
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/152"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriazene
2-PICOLINE or a-PICOLINE
989
(explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)-2-propen- 1-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodiuni nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PHTHALOL (84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/117"C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic. PHTHALSAEUREANHYDRID (German) (85-44-9) Combustible solid (flash point 305"F/152"C cc). Dust or powder can form explosive mixture with air, with possible spontaneous ignition. Decomposes in water, forming phthalic acid. Violent. reaction with aniline, strong oxidizers, barium peroxide, calcium permanganate, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diphenyltriazene (explodes), ethanolamine, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, sodium dichromate, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, alkalis, ammonia, amines, 1,3-bis(di-n-cyclopentadienyliron)2-propen-l-one, copper(I1) nitrate, nitrating acid, permanganates, reducing agents, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, 4-toluenesulfonic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PHTHALSAEUREDIMETHYLESTER (German) (131-11-3)
Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
PHYTARO and PHYTAR-560O (124-65-2) Reacts with strong acids, emitting arsenic fumes. Corrodes common metals.
PIC-CHLOR (76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. PICKEL ALUM (10043-01-3) Forms sulfuric acid with water. Aqueous solution has a violent reaction with bases and many other materials. See also Sulfuric Acid. Dry material is weakly corrosive to carbon steel; aqueous solution attacks aluminum and other metals, forming hydrogen gas.
PICFUME (76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals.
2-PICOLINE or a-PICOLINE (109-06-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 79"F/26"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive
990
3-PICOLINE, or 6-PICOLINE
explosive with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks copper and its alloys.
3-PICOLINE, or P-PICOLINE (108-99-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 97"F/36"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols.
4-PICOLINE or y-PICOLINE (108-89-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 134"F/57"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Forms heat- and shocksensitive explosive with digold ketenide. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols.
PICRATO AMONICO (Spanish) (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 25OoF/121"C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts.
PICRLC ACID (88-89-1) Flammable solid (flash point 3O2"F/15O0C).Anhydrous material highly unstable and heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive (explodes at approximately 572"F/3OO0C).The presence of trace metals increases its sensitivity to explosion. Reaction with nitric acid, alkalis, heavy metals, copper, lead, zinc, transition metals, and other metals or their salts can produce other salts, known as picrates, that are initiators which are much more highly sensitive to heat, impact, or shock than this material. Mixtures with perchlorates form extremely powerful, high-velocity explosives. Shock-sensitive salts include ammonium salts and calcium salts; the calcium salt may be produced when picric acid comes into contact with plaster and concrete. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonia. Dry material may accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong oxidizer and strong acid; reacts violently with alkalis, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and other easily oxidized materials, aluminum powders, and other metal powders. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol. PVC. PICRIC ACID, AMMONIUM SALT (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 250°F/121"C. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heat- and shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts.
PIKRINSAEURE
991
PICRIDE@(76-06-2) Can be self-reactive. Heat or light can cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride and nitrous oxides. Quickly elevated temperature, shock, or contact with alkali metals or alkaline earth may cause rapid decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, aniline, alcoholic sodium hydroxide, combustible substances, sodium methoxide, propargyl bromide, powdered light metals. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks iron, zinc, and other light metals. PICRONITRICACID (88-89-1) Flammable solid (flash point 302"F/150°C). Anhydrous material highly unstable and heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive (explodes at approximately 572"F/30OoC).The presence of trace metals increases its sensitivity to explosion. Reaction with nitric acid, alkalis, heavy metals, copper, lead, zinc, transition metals, and other metals or their salts can produce other salts, known as picrates, that are initiators which are much more highly sensitive to heat, impact, or shock than this material. Mixtures with perchlorates form extremely powerful, high-velocity explosives. Shock-sensitive salts include ammonium salts and calcium salts; the calcium salt may be produced when picric acid comes into contact with plaster and concrete. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonia. Dry material may accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong oxidizer and strong acid; reacts violently with alkalis, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and other easily oxidized materials, aluminum powders, and other metal powders. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, PVC. PICRYLNITROMETHYLAMINE (479-45-8) A powerful oxidizer and heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive high explosive. Explodes in elevated temperatures above about 482"F/25OoC. This reaction may take about 0.1 second, but the material can explode after a delayed period in lower temperatures (16.6 minutes at 320"F/160°C). Ignition or explosion on contact with reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, hydrazine, powdered metals, organic substances, trinitrogen difluoride. PICTAROL (131-74-8) Flammable solid. Dry material is a heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive highexplosive. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Exploded in elevated temperatures above 25O0F/121"C.A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, organic substances, sodium nitrite. Contact with most metals, strong bases, concrete, or plaster produces salts that are more heatand shock-sensitive than the original material. Water increases rate of reactivity with metals. Usually shipped in water solutions up to 90%; 10% minimum. Disposal must be handled by explosives experts. PIELIK@ (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/180°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. PIKRINSAEURE (German) (88-89-1) Flammable solid (flash point 302"F/150°C). Anhydrous material highly unstable and heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive (explodes at approximately 572"F/300°C). The presence of trace metals increases its sensitivity to explosion. Reaction with nitric acid, alkalis, heavy metals, copper, lead, zinc, transition metals, and other metals or their salts can produce other salts, known as picrates, that are initiators which are much more highly sensitive to heat, impact, or shock than this material. Mixtures with perchlorates form extremely powerful, high-velocity explosives. Shocksensitive salts include ammonium salts and calcium salts; the calcium salt may be produced
992
PIMELIC KETONE
when picric acid comes into contact with plaster and concrete. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonia. Dry material may accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause explosion. Aqueous solution is a strong oxidizer and strong acid; reacts violently with alkalis, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, and other easily oxidized materials, aluminum powders, and other metal powders. Attacks many metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, PVC.
PIMELLC KETONE (108-94-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 11°F/44"C). Incompatible with amines, oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, strong acids. Violent reaction with nitric acid above 165"F/73"C. Dissolves plastics, rcsins, and rubber. Attacks red metals and lead. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PINAKON (107-41-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 204"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates.
PINENE or P-PINENE (80-56-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9 1 "F/33"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates (e.g., nitrosyl perchlorate, etc.), perchromates (pyridine perchromate), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid, and other oxidizing acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-PINENE (80-56-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9 IoF/33"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates (e.g., nitrosyl perchlorate, etc.), perchromates (pyridine perchromate), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, peroxy acetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid, and other oxidizing acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PINE OIL or PINE OIL, STEAM DISTILLED (8002-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 138-1 72"F/59-7SoC cc). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. PIPERAZIDINE (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong Reacts acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide. with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc.
PIPERAZIN (German) (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 190°F/88"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide. Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc. PIPERAZINE or PIPERAZINE, ANHYDROUS (110-85-0) Combustible solid (flash point 19OoF/88"C).Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent or explosive
PITTCHLORB
993
reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, dicyanofurazan, 3-(3-cyano-1,2,4-oxadiazol5-yl)-4-cyanofurazan-2-(5-)oxide.Reacts with nitrogenous compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, alkalis, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, and zinc.
1-PIPERAZINE ETHANAMINE (140-31-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 199'F/ 93°C). Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, nickel, zinc, or their alloys, or galvanized steel. PIPERIDINE (110-89-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 60°F/16"C). A powerful reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks nonferrous metals. Attacks most rubbers, plastics, and coatings. PIPERYLENE (504-60-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2OoF/-29"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates, perchromates, pyridinium perchlorate, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PIRIDINA (Italian, Spanish) (110-86-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 68"F/2OoC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, fluorine, strong acids, bromine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dinitrogen tetraoxide, maleic anhydride, perchromates, phosphorus oxychloride, P-propiolactone, propioaldehyde, silver perchlorate, sulfur trioxide. Strong acids may cause violent spattering. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive materials with digold ketenide, nitroalkanes, trifluoromethyl hypofluorite. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, formamide, hydroxylamine, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, lithium aluminum hydride, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PIROFOSO (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
PITTCHLORO (7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 350°F/176"C) or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids causes decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all
994
PITTCIDE~
other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol, 1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds.
PITTCIDEO (7778-54-3) A strong oxidizer. Thermally unstable; decomposes in elevated temperatures (above 350°F/176°C) or sunlight, releasing oxygen; solid may explode. Solid or solutions slowly decompose on contact with air. Contact with moisture, steam, alcohols, acids causes decomposition, releasing heat and chlorine, and forming hydrochloric acid. Forms explosive compounds with ammonia, amines. Violent reaction with reducing agents, nitromethane, ammonium chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, iron oxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, finely divided metals, hydroxy compounds, nitrogenous compounds, organics, organic sulfides, phenol, 1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds.
PIVALIC ACID (75-98-9) Combustible solid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers.
PKHA (7790-98-9) A powerful oxidizer. An explosion hazard; sensitive to friction, impact, shock, and heat. Often contains the highly sensitive and explosive nitrylperchlorate as an impurity. Likewise, small amounts of potassium periodate will increase impact sensitivity. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials. Shock-sensitive materials formed on contact with ferrocene S, organic matter, metal powders, potassium permanganate, sulfur. At elevated temperatures, contained or confined material may explode violently. Contact with many materials in the presence of heat can cause a violent reaction, including explosion.
PLACIDOL E@(84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"F/117"C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic.
PLANOTOX@(94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/1 80°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis.
PLANT DITHIO AEROSOL@(3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
PLANTFUME 103 SMOKE GENERATOR@(3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
PLANTGARDO (94-75-7) Decomposes in sunlight or heat above 356"F/180°C, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. PLASKIN 8200@(105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 230°F/1 1 OOC). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
PLASTICIZED DDP@(26761-40-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 45OoF/232"C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, oxidizers. May attack some forms of plastics.
PLUMBOPLUMBIC OXIDE
995
PLASTIC LATEX@(9016-00-6) Reacts in elevated temperatures and with sulfuric and other strong acids, forming a coagulated, gummy, flammable material. Incompatible with isocyanates. PLATIN (German) (7440-06-4) Powdered form is a highly reactive catalyst, and may cause fire and explosions on contact with many substances, including oxidizers, acetone, strong acids, finely divided aluminum, dioxygen difluoride, ethyl alcohol, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, lithium, methyl hydroperoxide, nitrosyl chloride, ozonides, peroxymonosulfuric acid, red phosphorus. Incompatible with ammonia, arsenic, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen, methyl hydroperoxide, selenium, tellurium, vanadium dichloride. PLATINIC CHLORIDE (16941-12-1) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, bromine trifluoride, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. PLATINUM (7440-06-4) Powdered form is a highly reactive catalyst, and may cause fire and explosions on contact with many substances, including oxidizers, acetone, strong acids, finely divided aluminum, dioxygen difluoride, ethyl alcohol, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, lithium, methyl hydroperoxide, nitrosyl chloride, ozonides, peroxymonosulfuric acid, red phosphorus. Incompatible with ammonia, arsenic, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen, methyl hydroperoxide, selenium, tellurium, vanadium dichloride. PLENUR (554-13-2) Aqueous solution is a strong organic base. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with fluorine, germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. PLEOPARAPHENE (56-38-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. PLOMB FLUORURE (French) (7783-46-2) Reacts violently with boron, fluorine, calcium carbide. PLOMO (Spanish) (7439-92-1) Dust or powders form flammable or explosive mixture with air. Powder reacts violently with ammonium nitrate, sodium acetylide, strong oxidizers. Reacts with andor forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive products with ammonia, chlorine trifluoride, N,W-dinitro- 1,2-diaminoethane, disodium acetylide, hydrogen peroxide (conc.), hydrazoic acids, isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, methyl isocyanoacetate, nitryl fluoride, oxidizers, picric acid, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, sodium azide, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. PLUMBOPLUMBIC OXIDE (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/ 500"C, emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur
996
PLUMBOUS ACETATE
trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heatsensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal and/or explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide.
PLUMBOUS ACETATE (6080-56-4) Contact with acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with bases, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, cresols, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, phenols, salicylic acid sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, strong oxidizers, sulfites, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
PLUMBOUS ARSENATE (7784-40-9) Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, emitting arsenic fumes. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with sodium acetylide. Incompatible with mercurous chloride. May form impactsensitive explosive materials with ethanediamine, N,N'-dinitro-, pyrogallic acid. Aqueous solutions decompose on contact with active metals, emitting fumes of arsenic. PLUMBOUS CHLORIDE (7758-95-4) Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with calcium. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture and may cause pitting and stress corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. PLUMBOUS FLUORIDE (7783-46-2) Reacts violently with boron, fluorine, calcium carbide.
PLUMBOUS OXIDE (1317-36-8) A strong oxidizer. Explosive reaction with 90% peroxyformic acid, rubidium acetylide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, boron, chlorine, fluorine, dichloromethylsilane, calcium sulfide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide (ignition), hydroxylamine (ignition), lithium carbide, metal acetylides, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, etc.), perchloric acid, red phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sodium. Incompatible with aluminum carbide, barium sulfide, silicon, sulfuryl chloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with dichloromethylsilane. May attack, plastics, coatings, and chlorinated rubber materials such as Hypalon@,Parlon@,Rutile@,and fluorinated rubbers such as Won@.
PLURACOL POLYOL (25322-69-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/198"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
POLYCHLORCAMPHENE (8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 3 1 1"F/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (generic CAS registry number, 1336-36-3) Combustible liquids, resins, and solids (flash points vary from 286-383"F/141-195"C; the flash points of some of these materials are unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids. PCBs are generally chemically inert under normal conditions of temperature and
POLYFORMALDEHYDE
997
pressure, and are stable to conditions of hydrolysis and oxidation in industrial use (IARC). However, strong UV light or sunlight may cause the formation of phenolic materials, and traces of polychlorinated dibenzofurans.
POLYCHLORINATED CAMPHENE (8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 l0F/1.55"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
POLYCHLOROBIPHENYL (1336-36-3) See PCBs. POLYCHLOROCAMPHENE (8001-35-2) The solid burns with difficulty but is usually dissolved in xylene (solution flash point 84"F/29"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. Decomposes on heating above 31 1 "F/155"C on contact with strong bases, strong sunlight, and catalysts such as iron, forming hydrogen chloride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
POLYDIMETHYL SILOXANE (9016-00-6) Reacts in elevated temperatures and with sulfuric and other strong acids, forming a coagulated, gummy, flammable material. Incompatible with isocyanates.
POLYDIMETHYL SILYLENE (9016-00-6) Reacts in elevated temperatures and with sulfuric and other strong acids, forming a coagulated, gummy, flammable material. Incompatible with isocyanates.
POLY (ETHYLENEIMINE) or POLYETHYLENEIMINE (26913-06-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 207"F/98"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorine oxyfluoride, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with nialeic anhydride. lncreases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, zinc, and other nonferrous metals.
'
POLYETHYLENE POLYAMINES (26913-06-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 207"F/98"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorine oxyfluoride, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, zinc, and other nonferrous metals. POLYFORMALDEHYDE (30525-89-4) Combustible solid (flash point 1S8"F/7O0C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution produces formaldehyde. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with acids. alkalis, sunlight, and UVlight. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A polymer formed from formaldehyde having variable compositions [(CH,O), (n = 8-loo)].
998
POLYMETHYLENE POLYPHENYL ISOCYANATE
POLYMETHYLENE POLYPHENYL ISOCYANATE (9016-87-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 425"F/218"C oc). Reacts with water, producing a heavy scum and emitting carbon dioxide gas; dangerous pressure can build up in sealed containers. Incompatible with acids, caustics, alcohols, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aromatic amines, amides, caprolactam, glycols, mercaptans, strong oxidizers.
POLYOXPROPYLENE GLYCOL (25322-69-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 390"F/ 198°C). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
POLY[OXY(DIMETHYLSILYENE)](9016-00-6) Reacts in elevated temperatures and with sulfuric and other strong acids, forming a coagulated, gummy, flammable material. Incompatible with isocyanates.
POLY(0XYETHYL)DODECYL ETHER (9008-57-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 47OoF/243"C oc). Presumed to form unstable peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. POLY(0XYETHYL)LAURYL ETHER (9008-57-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 470°F/243"C oc). Presumed to form unstable peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides.
POLYOXYMETHYLENE (110-88-3) Flammable solid (flash point 1 13"F/35"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Forms explosive materials with other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and lead. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Keacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. POLYOXYMETHYLENE (30525-89-4) Combustible solid (flash point 158"F/7OoC). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution produces formaldehyde. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with acids, alkalis, sunlight, and UVlight. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A polymer formed from formaldehyde having variable compositions [(CHZO), (n = 8-loo)]. POLYOXYMETHYLENE GLYCOL (30525-89-4) Combustible solid (flash point 158"F/70°C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution produces formaldehyde. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with acids, alkalis, sunlight, and UVlight. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A polymer formed from formaldehyde having variable compositions [(CH,O), (n = 8-loo)].
POLYOXYMETHYLENE GLYCOLS (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/ 50"-80"Cl. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize
POTASH CHLORATE
999
unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel.
POLYOXYPROPYLENE GLYCOL (25322-69-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 39O0F/198"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. POLYOXYPROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER (107-98-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90°F/32"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, caustic materials, isocyanates. POLYPHOSPHORICACID (7664-38-2) A medium-strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Violent reaction if water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts violently with solutions containing ammonia or bleach, azo compounds, epoxides, and other polymerizable compounds. Reacts, possibly violently, with amines, aldehydes, alkanolamines, alcohols, alkylene oxides, amides, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium oxide, cyanides, epichlorohydrin, esters, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, oleum, organic anhydrides, sodium tetrahydroborate, sulfides, sulfuric acid, strong oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water. Forms explosive mixture with nitromethane. At elevated temperatures, attacks many metals, producing hydrogen gas. At room temperature, does not attack stainless steel, copper or its alloys. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL or POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL 750 (25322-69-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 39OoF/198"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. POLYPROPYLENEGLYCOL METHYL ETHER or POLY(PR0PYLENE GLYCOL) METHYL ETHER (107-98-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, caustic materials, isocyanates. PORAL (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. POTASH CHLORATE (3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/400°C, this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid,
1000
POTASH NITRATE
thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)ben~ene,germanium, hydriodic acid.
POTASH NITRATE (7757-79-1) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, producing nitrous fumes. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, alcohols, ammonium nitrate, amines, antimony, arsenic, arsenic bisulfide, boron, boron phosphide, calcium sulfide, carbon materials, combustible materials, ethers, fluorine, finely divided metals, metal sulfide?, organic substances, nitric acid, phosphides, potassium, phosphorus, sodium acetate, sulfuric acid, thorium dicarbide. Forms explosive mixtures with many substances, including arsenic pentasulfide, sodium acetate, lactose, molybdic sulfide, sodium hypophosphite, trichloroethylene, metal powders, aluminum, titanium, zinc, zirconium, etc. Incompatible with 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene,chromium nitride, germanium, germanium sulfide. POTASIO (Spanish) (7440-09-7) Combustible solid; many reactions can cause fire and explosions. A dangerous explosion hazard; may ignite spontaneously on contact with air. Violent reaction with water, causing spattering, forming heat, corrosive potassium hydroxide, and explosive hydrogen. The heat from the reaction can cause ignition or explosion of the hydrogen that is generated. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with many substances, including oxidizers, organic materials, strong acids, alcohols, carbons, carbonates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing explosives, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrates, oxides, metal and nonmetal halides, mercury, peroxides, phosphates, silicates, sulfates, hydroxides of heavy metals, acetylene, carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, hydrazine, maleic anhydride, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, selenium, sodium, tellurium, and many other substances. Incompatible with Teflon@. Undergoes oxidation and able to form unstable peroxides under normal conditions of temperature and storage. Potassium metal containing an oxide coating is an extremely dangerous explosion hazard and should be removed and destroyed. Oxidation and the formation of peroxides can occur even when material is packaged under inert gas, kerosene, or mineral oil. See supplier’s MSDS for storage and handling recommendations. Burning material is difficult to extinguish; use Class D extinguishers, or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, or clay. and no other extinguishers. POTASSA (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, frunsacetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p-bis( I ,3-dibromoethyl)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloroform, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol,tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane,
POTASSIO (CHLORATODI)
1001
N-nitrosohydroxylamine, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane.Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas.
POTASSE CAUSTIQUE (French) (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p-bis( 1,3-dibromoethyl)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloro-form, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol,tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, N-nitrosohydroxylamine, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane.Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas. POTASSIO (Italian) (7440-09-7) Combustible solid; many reactions can cause fire and explosions. A dangerous explosion hazard; may ignite spontaneously on contact with air. Violent reaction with water, causing spattering, forming heat, corrosive potassium hydroxide, and explosive hydrogen. The heat from the reaction can cause ignition or explosion of the hydrogen that is generated. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with many substances, including oxidizers, organic materials, strong acids, alcohols, carbons, carbonates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing explosives, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrates, oxides, metal and nonmetal halides, mercury, peroxides, phosphates, silicates, sulfates. hydroxides of heavy metals, acetylene, carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, hydrazine, maleic anhydride, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, selenium, sodium, tellurium, and many other substances. Incompatible with
[email protected] oxidation and able to form unstable peroxides under normal conditions of temperature and storage. Potassium metal containing an oxide coating is an extremely dangerous explosion hazard and should be removed and destroyed. Oxidation and the formation of peroxides can occur even when material is packaged under inert gas, kerosene, or mineral oil. See supplier's MSDS for storage and handling recommendations. Burning material is difficult to extinguish; use Class D extinguishers, or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, or clay, and no other extinguishers. POTASSIO (CHLORATODI) (Italian) (3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/ 400"C, this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, I ,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, germanium, hydriodic acid.
1002
POTASSIO (IDROSSIDOdi)
POTASSIO (IDROSSIDO di) (Italian) (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p-bis( 1,3-dibromoethyl)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloro-form, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol, tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, Attacks many metals, including aluminum, N-nitrosohydroxylamine, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane. lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas. POTASSIO (PERMANGANATO di) (Italian) (7722-64-7) A dangerous fire and explosion hazard; isolate from all other materials. Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction or explosion on contact with combustible materials, organic substances, reducing agents, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, alcohols, aluminum carbide, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium nitrate, anilinium nitrate, antimony, finely divided arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethers, formaldehyde, glycerol, glycols, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisultide, hydroxylamine, 2-naphthol, phosphorus, polypropylene, powdered sulfur, pyrogallic acid, titanium, 3,4,4’-trimethyldiphenyl sulfone, xenon tetrafluoride. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium perchlorate, arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, phosphorus, sulfur, sulfuric acid (forms unstable manganese heptaoxide), titanium. Incompatible with nitric acid, producing chlorine fumes.
POTASSIUM (7440-09-7) Combustible solid; many reactions can cause fire and explosions. A dangerous explosion hazard; may ignite spontaneously on contact with air. Violent reaction with water, causing spattering, forming heat, corrosive potassium hydroxide, and explosive hydrogen. The heat from the reaction can cause ignition or explosion of the hydrogen that is generated. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with many substances, including oxidizers, organic materials, strong acids, alcohols, carbons, carbonates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing explosives, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrates, oxides, metal and nonmetal halides, mercury, peroxides, phosphates, silicates, sulfates, hydroxides of heavy metals, acetylene, carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, hydrazine, maleic anhydride, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, selenium, sodium, tellurium, and many other substances. Incompatible with
[email protected] oxidation and able to form unstable peroxides under normal conditions of temperature and storage. Potassium metal containing an oxide coating is an extremely dangerous explosion hazard and should be removed and destroyed. Oxidation and the formation of peroxides can occur even when material is packaged under inert gas, kerosene, or mineral oil. See supplier’s MSDS for storage and handling recommendations. Burning material is difficult to extinguish; use Class D extinguishers, or smothering quantities of dry sand. crushed limestone, or clay, and no other extinguishers.
POTASSIUM BICHROMATE (7778-50-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely
POTASSIUM CHROMATE or POTASSIUM CHROMATE(V1)
1003
divided metals, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylamine, iron powder, nitric acid, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, tungsten and zirconium dusts. Mixture with sulfuric acid forms chromic acid. Incompatible with ethylene glycol, iron, tungsten.
POTASSIUM BROMATE (7758-01-2) Noncombustible, but above 698"F/37OoC,this material decomposes, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances: reducing agents, organic materials, ammonium salts, arsenic dust, carbon, copper, lead acetate, metal powders, sulfides, sulfur, phosphonium iodide, red phosphorus. Mixtures with organic solids, agricultural materials, ammonium chloride, metal powders, or other materials form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Aqueous solutions react violently with selenium. POTASSIUM CHLORATE (3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/4OO0C, this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, I ,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, germanium, hydriodic acid. POTASSIUM (CHLORATE de) (French) (3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/4OO0C,this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates. -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, germanium, hydriodic acid. POTASSIUM CHROMATE or POTASSIUM CHROMATE(V1) (7789-00-6) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, zirconium dusts. Mixtures with acid form potassium dichromate. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with many substances, including ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole, diazirine-3,3-dicarboxylicacid, organic solids.
1004
POTASSIUM CYANIDE or POTASSIUM CYANIDE SOLUTION
POTASSIUM CYANIDE or POTASSIUM CYANIDE SOLUTION (151-50-8) Reacts with moisture in air, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acid materials, oxidizers, fluorine, sodium chlorate. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam, strong oxidizers, sodium chlorate. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Incompatible with chlorates, gold, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. POTASSIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE (2244-21-5) Thermally unstable; decomposes above 465"F/240°C; once ignited, fire is self-sustaining throughout the mass. Reacts with water, releasing chlorine gas, nitrogen trichloride, and forming a chlorine bleach solution. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, ammonia, ammonium salts, amines, calcium hypochlorite, combustible materials, nitrogenous materials, organic substances, easily oxidized materials. POTASSIUM DICHLORO-s-TRIAZINETRIONE (2244-21-5) Thermally unstable; decomposes above 465"F/24OoC; once ignited, fire is self-sustaining throughout the mass. Reacts with water, releasing chlorine gas, nitrogen trichloride, and forming a chlorine bleach solution. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, ammonia, ammonium salts, amines, calcium hypochlorite, combustible materials, nitrogenous materials, organic substances, easily oxidized materials. POTASSIUM DICHROMATE or POTASSIUM DICHROMATE(VI) (7778-50-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylamine, iron powder, nitric acid, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetraborate and its decahydrate, tungsten and zirconium dusts. Mixture with sulfuric acid forms chromic acid. Incompatible with ethylene glycol, iron, tungsten. POTASSIUM DIETHYLAMIDE (2245-68-3) Pyrophoric solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Isolate from other materials. POTASSIUM FERRICYANATE, POTASSIUM FERRICYANIDE, or POTASSIUM HEXACYANOFERRATE(II1) (13746-66-2) Mixtures with water, acids, alcohols cause slow decomposition, producing hydrocyanic acid. Explosive reaction with ammonia. Violent reaction with copper(I1) nitrate, trihydrate. Incompatible with chromium trioxide, sodium nitrite. POTASSIUM HYDRATE (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat. caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhy-drides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p h i s ( 1,3-dibromoethyl)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloroform, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine
POTASSIUM IODIDE
1005
pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, tetrahydrofuran, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol, thorium dicarbide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, N-nitrosohydroxylamine, l , l , l ,2-tetrachloroethane. Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas.
POTASSIUM, HYDRIXYDE de (French) (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p-bis(1,3-dibromoethyl)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloroform, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentatluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol,tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, N-nitrosohydroxylamine, 1,l ,1,2-tetrachloroethane. Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas.
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE (1310-58-3) Violent reaction with water, yielding high heat, caustic fumes, and flammable hydrogen gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, trans-acetylene dichloride, alcohols, organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, aminotetrazole, p-bis( 1,3-dibromoethyl)benzene, bromoform, captrolactam solution, chlorine dioxide (explodes), chloroform, cresols, cyclopentadiene, cis-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, germanium, glycols, halogenated hydrocarbons, iodine pentafluoride, isocyanates, maleic anhydride, nitrogen trichloride, o-nitrophenol, phenols, phosphonium iodide, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol, tetrahydrofuran, thorium dicarbide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, vinyl acetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with fluorine, nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Incompatible with ammonium chloroplatinate, benzanthrone, hexachloroplatinate, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, Nnitrosohydroxylamine, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane. Attacks many metals, including aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc, producing flammable hydrogen gas. POTASSIUM IODATE (7758-05-6) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, manganese dioxide, arsenic, finely divided metals or carbon materials, hydrides of alkali metals or alkaline earths, metal cyanides, metal thiocyanates, phosphonium iodide, red phosphorus, sulfides, sulfur, xenon tetrafluoride. Forms explosive compounds with solid organic matter. Attacks chemically active metals (e.g., aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.).
POTASSIUMIODIDE (7681-11-0) Contact with air, light, or moisture causes material to oxidize to iodine. Reaction with water, producing a corrosive solution. Reacts violently with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, bromotrifluorides, bromopentafluoride, chlorotrifluorides, fluorine perchlorate, isopropyl peroxydicarbonate, metallic salts, mercurous chloride,
1006
POTASSIUM NITRATE
diazonium salts, 3-toluenediazonium salts, trifluoroacetyl hypofluorite. Attacks metals in a moist environment.
POTASSIUM NITRATE (7757-79-1) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, producing nitrous fumes. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, alcohols, ammonium nitrate, amines, antimony, arsenic, arsenic bisulfide, boron, boron phosphide, calcium sulfide, carbon materials, combustible materials, ethers, fluorine, finely divided metals, metal sulfides, organic substances, nitric acid, phosphides, potassium, phosphorus, sodium acetate, sulfuric acid, thorium dicarbide. Forms explosive mixtures with many substances, including arsenic pentasulfide, sodium acetate, lactose, molybdic sulfide, sodium hypophosphite, trichloroethylene, metal powders, aluminum, titanium, zinc, zirconium, etc. Incompatible with 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, chromium nitride, germanium, germanium sulfide.
POTASSIUM NITRIDE (29285-24-3) May self-ignite on contact with air. May react with water, steam, forming flammable ammonia gas. Forms a dangerous, possibly flammable, mixture with phosphorus or sulfur. Incompatible with hydrazinium nitrate.
POTASSIUM NITRITE (7758-09-0) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, producing nitrous fumes. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, alcohols, ammonium salts, amines, boron, combustible materials, ethers, finely divided metals, organic substances, nitric acid, potassium, sulfuric acid. Incompatible with ammonium sulfate, barium sulfide, potassium amide. Decomposes or may explode in elevated temperatures. POTASSIUM OLEATE (143-18-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 140"F/6O0Ccc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acids, nitrates.
POTASSIUM OXYMURIATE (3811-04-9) Noncombustible, but above 752"F/40OoC, this material decomposes explosively, giving off oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, arsenic, calcium sulfide, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites, sulfuric acid, thiocyanates, potassium hydroxide, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc. Mixtures with organic solids, ammonium chloride, calcium hydride, cyanoguanidine, fluorine, metal powders, sodium amide, sulfur, tannic acid, or metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, and many other substances form heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosives. Incompatible with barium sulfide, barium thiocyanate, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene,germanium, hydriodic acid.
POTASSIUM PERIODATE (7790-21-8) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, alcohols, antimony trisulfide, combustible substances, ethers, finely divided metals, nitric acid, organic matter, permanganates, perchlorates, sulfuric acid. Forms impact-sensitive material with ammonium perchlorate.
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE (7722-64-7) A dangerous fire and explosion hazard; isolate from all other materials. Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE
1007
and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction or explosion on contact with combustible materials, organic substances, reducing agents; acetic acid, acetic anhydride, alcohols, aluminum carbide, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium nitrate, anilinium nitrate, antimony, finely divided arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethers, formaldehyde, glycerol, glycols, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxylamine, 2-naphtho1, phosphorus, polypropylene, powdered sulfur, pyrogallic acid, titanium, 3,4,4'-trimethyldiphenylsulfone, xenon tetrafluoride. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium perchlorate, arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, phosphorus, sulfur, sulfuric acid (forms unstable manganese heptaoxide), titanium. Incompatible with nitric acid, producing chlorine fumes.
POTASSIUM,PERMANGANATE de (French) (7722-64-7) A dangerous fire and explosion hazard; isolate from all other materials. Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction or explosion on contact with combustible materials, organic substances, reducing agents, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, alcohols, aluminum carbide, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium nitrate, anilinium nitrate, antimony, finely divided arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethers, formaldehyde, glycerol, glycols, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen trisulfide, hydroxylamine, 2-naphthol, phosphorus, polypropylene, powdered sulfur, pyrogallic acid, titanium, 3,4,4'-trimethyldiphenylsulfone, xenon tetrafluoride. Forms heat- and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium perchlorate, arsenic, dichloromethylsilane, phosphorus, sulfur, sulfuric acid (forms unstable manganese heptaoxide), titanium. Incompatible with nitric acid, producing chlorine fumes. POTASSIUMPEROXIDE (17014-71-0) Can self-ignite in air. Reacts explosively with water, liberating heat and oxygen, and forming potassium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, alcohols, arsenic, ethers, glycols, hydrocarbons, organic substances, red phosphorus, chemically active metals, metal powders of aluminum, oxygen, tin, magnesium, titanium, zinc, etc. Can form explosive and self-igniting mixtures with wood, carbon, cloth, graphite, organic, and other combustible materials. Incompatible with diselenium dichloride. Attacks most metals, and some plastics, rubbers, and coatings.
POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE or POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE(772721-1) A powerful oxidizer. Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures [>212"F/> 100°C or > 122"F/>SO"C (in solution)] liberate oxygen, and hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid vapors. Reacts violently with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, glycols, organic substances or other readily oxidizable materials, phenyl hydride, sulfur, metallic dusts such as aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, etc. Attacks chemically active metals. POTASSIUM PERSULFATE (7727-21-1) A powerful oxidizer. Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures [>212"F/> 100°C or >122"F/>SO0C (in solution)] liberate oxygen, and hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid vapors. Reacts violently with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, glycols, organic substances or other readily oxidizable materials, phenyl hydride, sulfur, metallic dusts such as aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, etc. Attacks chemically active metals.
1008
POTASSIUM SALT of HYDROCYANIC ACID
POTASSIUM SALT of HYDROCYANIC ACID (151-50-8) Reacts with moisture in air, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, releasing flammable hydrogen cyanide gas. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acid materials, oxidizers, fluorine, sodium chlorate. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam, strong oxidizers, sodium chlorate. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. Incompatible with chlorates, gold, mercurous chloride, nitrates, nitrites. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc in the presence of moisture. POTASSIUM-SODIUM ALLOY (11135-81-2)
Combustible liquid metal alloy. May ignite explosively on contact with moist air. Ignites on contact with water, steam, evolving flammable hydrogen gas, corrosive fumes, high heat, with dangerous spattering of flaming material. Violent reaction with acids or acid fumes, alcohols, carbon dioxide (solid), carbon disulfide, chlorinated solvents, halocarbons, halogens, metal halides or oxides, nitrogencontaining explosives, organic materials, oxalyl bromide, oxalyl chloride, oxidizers, pentachloroethane, potassium oxides, sodium bicarbonate, polytetrafluoroethylene. Forms heat- and impact-sensitve compounds with carbon tetrachloride, mercuric oxide, 1 , I , I ,2tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Incompatible with Teflon@. To extinguish fires, use Class D extinguishers, G-1 powder, dry ground limestone, dry sand, or dry soda ash.
POTASSIUM SULFIDE (1312-73-8) Extremely flammable solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Unstable; may spontaneously ignite or explode in air; or if subjected to shock, friction, concussion, or rapid heating. Reacts with water, forming potassium hydroxide. Decomposes on contact with acids, producing hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers (producing sulfur dioxide), nitrogen oxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base, it reacts violently with acids. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. POTASSIUM SUPEROXIDE (17014-71-0) Can self-ignite in air. Reacts explosively with water, liberating heat and oxygen, and forming potassium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, alcohols, arsenic, ethers, glycols, hydrocarbons, organic substances, red phosphorus, chemically active metals, metal powders of aluminum, oxygen, tin, magnesium, titanium, zinc, etc. Can form explosive and self-igniting mixtures with wood, carbon, cloth, graphite, organic, and other combustible materials. Incompatible with diselenium dichloride. Attacks most metals, and some plastics, rubbers, and coatings.
POTASSIUM TROCLOSENE (2244-21-5) Thermally unstable; decomposes above 465"F/240°C; once ignited, tire is self-sustaining throughout the mass. Reacts with water, releasing chlorine gas, nitrogen trichloride, and forming a chlorine bleach solution. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, ammonia, ammonium salts, amines, calcium hypochlorite, combustible materials, nitrogenous materials, organic substances, easily oxidized materials. POTATO OIL or POTATO SPIRIT OIL or POTATO SPIRIT (123-51-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/43"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with acid anhydrides, acid chlorides,
PROPANAL
1009
aliphatic amines, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
POTENTIATED ACID GLUTARALDEHYDE (11 1-30-8) A strong reducing agent. Reacts with water, forming an aqueous polymer solution. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromine, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines, acetophenone, acetyl benzene, xylidines. PRACARBAMIN or PRACARBAMINE (51-79-6) Incompatible with 2-naphthol, gallium, perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride, strong oxidizers.
PRECIPITE BLANC (French) (10112-91-1; 7546-30-7) Violent reaction with sodium. Incompatible with alkali chlorides, ammonia, bromides, carbonates, cocaine hydrochloride, cyanides, copper salts, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxides, iodides, iodine, iodoform, lead salts, potassium iodide, silver salts, sulfates, sulfides, sulfites.
PRIMROSE YELLOW (13530-65-9) An oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials.
PROPADIENE (463-49-0) Extremely flammable gas. Violent reaction with oxidizers, fluorine. Incompatible with aluminum chloride, aluminum tetrahydroborate nitromethane, magnesium perchlorate, nitrosyl fluoride, ozone, peroxyformic acid. Forms explosive material with nitric oxide, copper(1) perchlorate. May accumulate static electrical charges, and cause ignition.
PROPADIENE-ALLENE MIXTURE (59355-75-8) Flammable gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms explosive compounds at high pressure in contact with alloys containing more than 67% copper. May form shock-sensitive explosive compounds with copper, magnesium, silver, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also Methyl Acetylene. PROPADIENE-METHYLACETYLENE MIXTURE (59355-75-8) Flammable gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Forms explosive compounds at high pressure in contact with alloys containing more than 67% copper. May form shock-sensitive explosive compounds with copper, magnesium, silver, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also Methyl Acetylene.
PROPALDEHYDE (123-38-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 5 T - 9 " C ) . Able to form unstable peroxides upon exposure to air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Violent polymerization on contact with strong acids, strong bases, methyl methacrylate. Can self-ignite if finely dispersed on porous and combustible material, such as clothing. Incompatible with amines, ammonia. Heat or UV light can cause decomposition. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PROPANAL (123-38-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). Able to form unstable peroxides upon exposure to air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers,
1010
PROPANAMINE or 1-PROPANAMIN€!
bromine, ketones. Violent polymerization on contact with strong acids, strong bases, methyl methacrylate. Can self-ignite if finely dispersed on porous and combustible material, such as clothing. Incompatible with amines, ammonia. Heat or UV light can cause decomposition. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PROPANAMINE or 1-PROPANAMINE (107-10-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 35"F/-37"C). A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers: chlorine, fluorine, hypochlorites, mercury, strong acids, nitroparaffins, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, glycols, and other reactive organic compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, triethyl aluminum, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum. copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Aqueous solutions may attack glass. 2-PROPANAMINE (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -58"F/ -50°C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins, holocarbons, I -chloro-2,3-epoxypropane.Contact with perchloryl fluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper compounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and its alloys, zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPANE or n-PROPANE (74-98-6) Extremely flammable gas (flash point - 155"F/ - 104°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers: barium peroxide, chlorine dioxide, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, etc. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors. PROPANEACID (79-10-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/5 l°C). Light, heat, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers, toluenediamine, pyridine, methyl pyridine, n-methyl pyrrolidone, 2-methyl-6-ethyl aniline, aniline, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, 2-aminoethanol. Severely corrodes carbon steel and iron; attacks other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
PROPANE-BUTANE-(PROPYLENE) (68476-85-7) A mixture of propane, butane, and 10OoF/-74"C; flash point propane other tlammable gases (flash point about -156"F/- 104°C cc; flash point butane -76"F/-6OoC cc ). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. -
1-PROPANECARBOXYIC ACID (107-92-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 16 1 O F / 72°C cc). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, caustics. epichlorohydrin, sulfuric acid, isocyanates.
1,2-PROPANEDIOL-1-ACRYLATE
1011
PROPANE-2-CARBOXYLICACID (79-31-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 132"F/56"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks aluminum and other metals. PROPANE CYANOHYDRIN (75-86-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Heat causes decomposition and formation of deadly cyanide gas. Contact with strong acid or strong bases may cause explosions. Slowly decomposes to acetone and hydrogen cyanide at room temperatures; rate is accelerated by increase in heat, pH, or water content. Incompatible with ammonia, amines, cresol, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, captrolactam solution, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, reducing agents. 1,2-PROPANEDIAMINE (78-90-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75"F/24"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids. A strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Contact with mercury forms shock- and friction-sensitive explosive compounds. Attacks red metals and their alloys. 1,3-PROPANEDIAMINE (109-76-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75"F/24"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. An organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, zinc. May attack some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Id-PROPANE DICARBOXYLIC ACID (110-94-1) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution is a strong organic acid. Reacts with oxidizers and strong bases. Incompatible with oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. PROPANEDIOICACID, DIETHYL ESTER (105-53-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 183"F/84"C). Incompatible with oxidizers, nitrates. 1,2-PROPANEDIOL (57-55-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 21OoF/99"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. PROPANE-1,2-DIOL(57-55-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 21OoF/99"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. PROPANE-l,3-DIOL (504-63-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/>74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
1,2-PROPANEDIOL-l-ACRYLATE (999-61-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 207"F/97"C cc). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts violently with sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Unless inhibited (200 ppm hydroquinone recommended), polymerization may occur; avoid exposure to high temperatures, UV light, free-radical
1012
1.3-PROPANEDIOL,2,2-DIMETHYL
initiators. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
1,3-PROPANEDIOL, 2,2-DIMETHYL (126-30-7) Combustible solid (flash point 26S0F/129"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, oxidizers. 1,2-PROPANEDIOL 1-METHACRYLATE (N/A) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2SO0F/121"C).Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. May polymerize when hot or when exposed to UV light or free-radical catalysts. PROPANEDINITRILE (109-77-3) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 234"F/122"C cc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid. May polymerize violently on contact with alkalis or temperatures above 16O"F/7l0C. PROPANENITRILE (107-12-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 36"F/2"C). Reacts with water, steam, or acid, producing hydrogen cyanide fumes. Reacts violently with oxidizers, reducing agents, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with N-bromosuccinimide, sodium nitrate. Attacks most rubbers and plastics, but polyvinyl alcohol has high resistance to permeation. PROPANETHIOL (107-03-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-2OoC). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1-PROPANETHIOL (107-03-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-20°C). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPANE-1-THIOL (107-03-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/-20°C). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-PROPANETHIOL (75-33-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3 l T - 3 5 ° C ) . May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-PROPANOIC ACID, 1-METHYL-, ETHYL ESTER
1013
PROPANE-2-THIOL (75-33-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3 1"F/ -35°C). May react with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion with strong oxidizers, calcium hypochlorite, strong acids, alkalis, alkali metals. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,2,3-PROPANETRIOL(56-81-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 39OoF/199"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, calcium hypochloride, chlorine, chromic anhydride, chromium oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus triiodide, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, silver perchlorate, sodium hydride, sodium peroxide, sodium triiodide, sodium tetrahydroborate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, uranium fluoride. Able to polymerize above 293"F/145"C. PROPANOIC ACID (79-09-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustic substances. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkalis, alkanolamines, ammonia, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, sulfuric acid. Attacks many metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. tert-PROPANOICACID (75-98-9) Combustible solid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. PROPANOIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER (590-01-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids. PROPANOIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (105-37-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitrates, permanganates, peroxides, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPANOIC ACID, 2-HYDROXY-, BUTYL ESTER (79-09-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustic substances. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkalis, alkanolamines, ammonia, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, sulfuric acid. Attacks many metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPANOIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (554-12-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (2S°F/-2"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids and nitrates. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-PROPANOICACID, 1-METHYL-, ETHYL ESTER (97-63-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 68"F/20°C). Able to form unstable peroxides; can polymerize unless inhibited. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, benzoyl peroxide, or other polymerization
1014
1-PROPANOL or PROPANOL-I or P-PROPANOL or n-PROPANOL
initiators. Elevated temperatures, light, contamination can cause spontaneous, explosive polymerization. Incompatible with caustics, nitrates, strong acids, amines, alkanolamines, peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
1-PROPANOL or PROPANOL-1or P-PROPANOLor n-PROPANOL(71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/15"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluorohorate( I-), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 2-PROPANOL (67-63-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/12"C). Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, crotonaldehyde, phosgene. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,3-PROPANOLAMINE (156-87-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys and galvanized steel. 2-PROPANOLAMINE (78-91-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys and galvanized steel. 3-PROPANOLAMINE (156-87-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys and galvanized steel. n-PROPANOLAMINE (156-87-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 175"F/79"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, or their alloys and galvanized steel.
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL
1015
PROPANOLE (German) (71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/15"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluoroborate(1-), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PROPANOLI (Italian) (71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/15"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluoroborate( 1-), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. PROPANOLIDE (57-57-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Able to polymerize in elevated temperatures and decomposes at room temperature, forming unstable peroxides; stable below 41°F/5"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethyleneimine, pyridine, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with 2-aminoethyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrolyzes in fresh water, forming hydracrylic acid; in salt water reacts with the chloride, forming 3-chloropropionic acid. 2-PROPANONE (67-64-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2"FI- 19OC). Reacts violently with chloroform. Reacts, possibly violently, with activated charcoal, aliphatic amines, bromine, bromine trifluoride, bromoform, chlorotriazine, chromic(1V) acid, chromic(V1) acid, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, iodine heptafluoride, iodoform, liquid oxygen, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, perchloromelamine, peroxomonosulfuric acid, platinum, potassium tert-butoxide, strong acids, sulfur dichloride, trichloromelamine, xenon tetrafluoride. Contact with strong oxidizers, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide (90%), sodium perchlorate, 2-methyl- 1,3-butadiene can cause the formation of unstable and explosive peroxides. Can increase the sensitivity of nitromethane (a dangerous explosive) on contact. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Dissolves or attacks most rubber, resins, and plastics (polyethylenes, polyester, vinylester, PVC, Neoprene, Viton@). PROPANOYL CHLORIDE (79-03-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/12"C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride gas. Decomposes in water, steam, alcohols, glycols, acids, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl ether. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (107-19-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 97"F/33"C). Elevated temperatures, alkaliskaustics, strong oxidizers, strong sunlight, or UV light can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, caustic solution, aliphatic amines, benzoyl
1016
PROPARGYL BROMIDE
peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, phosphorus pentoxide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. May form sensitive and highly unstable metal acetylides with cobalt, silver, copper, magnesium, mercury, and their compounds and alloys. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
PROPARGYI, BROMIDE (106-96-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 50°F/I00C). Elevated temperatures above 425"F/218"C can cause deflagration. A shock-, impact-, and heat-sensitive material that should be treated and stored as an explosive unless stabilized or diluted with toluene, which lowers the flash point slightly (39"F/4"C; 25% solution), but renders it less sensitive. Forms shock-sensitive explosive compound with chloropicrin. Violent reaction or explosion on contact with oxidizers, copper, its alloys, mercury, or silver. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PROPARGYL CHLORIDE (624-65-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point >59"F/> 15°C). Elevated temperatures can cause deflagration and formation of hydrogen chloride gas. A shock-, impact-, pressure-, and heat-sensitive material that should be treated and stored as an explosive unless stabilized or diluted with toluene [which lowers the flash point slightly (39"F/4"C; 25% solution)]. Violent reaction or explosion on contact with oxidizers, ammonia, mercury. Reacts, possibly violently, or forms sensitive and highly unstable metal acetylides with cobalt, silver, copper, magnesium, mercury. and their compounds (e.g., silver nitrate) and alloys. Attacks most metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PROPASOL SOLVENT M@(Union Carbide) (107-98-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, caustic materials, isocyanates. PROPELLANT 11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. PROPELLANT 12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium. and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings.
PROPELLANT 14 (76-14-2) Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming toxic substances that may include chlorine or chloride, phosgene, carbonyl fluoride. Reacts with chemically active metals, acids, acid fumes, barium, lithium, sodium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
2-PROPENENITRILE
1017
PROPELLENT 22 (75-45-6) Mixtures with 50% air are combustible; difficult to ignite. Incompatible with aluminum, barium, beryllium, decaborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassiumsodium alloy, sodium, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Moisture and rust can cause slow decomposition, forming toxic gases. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum. 2-PROPENAL or PROP-2-EN-1-AL (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/-26"C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. PROPENAMIDE or 2-PROPENAMIDE (79-06-1) Combustible solid. Fine particles form an explosive mixture with air. Thermally unstable. Unless inhibited, UV light, oxidizers, peroxides, vinyl polymerization initiators, or elevated temperatures (above melting point of 184"F/85"C) can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with reducing agents, mineral acids, strong acids, oleum, ammonia, isocyanates. PROPENE or 1-PROPENE (115-07-1) Flammable gas (flash point - 162"F/- IOSOC). Ablz to form unstable peroxides that may cause polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, trifluoromethyl hypofluorite, fluoride, chlorine, and many other compounds. Incompatible with ammonium hydroxide. Forms explosive materials with nitrogen oxide compounds. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. PROPENENITRILE (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/0°C oc). May polmerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers, amines, 2-aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, its alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. 2-PROPENENITRILE (107-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/OoC oc). May polmerize spontaneously unless inhibited (usually with methylhydroquinone). It may also polymerize on contact with oxygen, heat, strong light, peroxides, or concentrated or heated alkalis. Elevated temperatures, light, alkalis, silver nitrate, and peroxides (e.g., dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butylperoxide) can cause explosive polymerization.
1018
PROPENEOXIDE or PROPENE OXIDE
Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, strong oxidizers, amines, 2aminoethanol, azoisobutyronitrile, bromine, caustics, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, tetrahydrocarbazole. Reacts with copper, its alloys, ammonia, amines, forming a poisonous product. Attacks aluminum in high concentrations. Attacks most rubbers and plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks.
PROPENEOXIDE or PROPENE OXIDE (75-56-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -35"F/-37"C), or with oxygen. Reacts with water, steam. Contact with water may lead to a run-away reaction. Able to form unstable peroxides; acids, caustic materials, metal halides can cause hazardous polymerization. Reacts with acids, ammonia, amines, acetylene-forming metals, clay-based absorbents. Incompatible with anhydrous metal chlorides, caustics, ammonium hydroxide, salts. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, and may cause ignition of its vapors. PROPENE, TRIMER (139-01-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75OF124"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-PROPENICACID, 2-METHYL-, BUTYL ESTER (97-88-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10SoF/41"C). Unless inhibitor is maintained at the proper level, oxidizers, heat, UV light, or moisture may cause polymerization. Reacts with oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors. 2-PROPENOIC ACID (79-10-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 124"F/Sl T ) . Light, heat, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers, toluenediamine, pyridine, methyl pyridine, n-methyl pyrrolidone, 2-methyl-6-ethyl aniline, aniline, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, 2-aminoethanol. Severely corrodes carbon steel and iron; attacks other metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited vapors may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. 2-PROPENOIC ACID, BUTYL ESTER (141-32-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 103"F/39"C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage or prolonged exposure to air. Unless inhibited, peroxides, oxidizers, heat, sparks, reducing agents, or sunlight may cause explosive polymerization. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, strong acids, amines, halogens, hydrogen-containing materials. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. 2-PROPENOIC ACID, DECYL ESTER (2156-96-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 441°F/227"C oc). Able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Will polymerize unless inhibited. Polymerization can be caused by heat, strong oxidizers, if cooled so that the inhibitor crystallizes, if stored in an oxygen-free atmosphere, or if stored in contact with copper and its alloys, zinc and its alloys with more than 10% zinc, and galvanized steel. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, strong oxidizers, polymerization initiators. Swells some rubbers, and softens some paints and coatings. Due to low
1-PROPEN-3-OL
1019
electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow.
2-PROPENOIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (140-88-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/9"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, chlorosulfonic acid. Unless inhibited, oxidizers, elevated temperatures, sunlight, UV light, or peroxides can cause explosive polymerization. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. Incompatible with strong acids, amines. PROPENOIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (96-33-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 27"F/-3"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Heat above 7O"F/2l0C, light, and/or lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration can cause explosive polymerization. Elevated temperatures may cause storage containers to explode. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Usually stored in ambient air below 50°F/100C. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. 2-PROPENOIC ACID, METHYL ESTER (96-33-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 27"F/-3"C oc). Forms unstable peroxides in storage. Heat above 70°F/21"C, light, andor lack of appropriate inhibitor concentration can cause explosive polymerization. Elevated temperatures may cause storage containers to explode. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines. Usually stored in ambient air below 5OoF/10"C.The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. 2-PROPENOICACID, 2-METHYL-, 2-HYDROXYPROPYL ESTER (923-26-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 25OoF/121"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. May polymerize when hot or when exposed to UV light or free-radical catalysts. 2-PROPENOIC ACID, 2-METHYL-, METHYL ESTER (80-62-6) Forms heatsensitive explosive mixture with air (flash point 5O"F/1O0C). Unless inhibited, forms unstable peroxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, benzoyl peroxide, or other polymerization initiators. Elevated temperatures, light, contamination can cause spontaneous, explosive polymerization. Incompatible with caustics, nitrates, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, peroxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. PROPENOL or PROPEN-1-OL-3 (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72OF122"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases, carbon tetrachloride. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, diallyl phosphide, tri-n-bromomelamine, metal halides, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, some plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1-PROPEN-3-OL (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong
1020
2-PROPENOL or 2-PROPEN-I - 0 L
reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases, carbon tetrachloride, Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, diallyl phosphide, tri-n-bromomelamine, metal halides, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, some plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-PROPENOL or 2-PROPEN-1-OL (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases, carbon tetrachloride. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, diallyl phosphide. tri-n-bromomelamine, metal halides, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, some plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-PROPEN-1-ONE (107-02-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 15"F/ -26°C). Unstable and very reactive. In storage, over time, it can form heat- and shock-sensitive compounds or acids. Unless inhibited (usually by hydroquinone), readily forms explosive peroxides. May polymerize explosively, especially in elevated temperatures, on contact with oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, sunlight. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with amines, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, hydroxides, metal salts, sulfur dioxide, thiourea. Attacks most rubber (butyl has the highest resistance) and plastics. Attacks metals: cadmium and zinc. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The vapors are uninhibited and may form polymers in plug vents, confined spaces, or flame arresters of storage tanks. PROPENYL ALCOHOL (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases, carbon tetrachloride. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, diallyl phosphide, tri-n-bromomelamine, metal halides, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, some plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-PROPENYL ALCOHOL (107-18-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A strong reducing agent; reacts violently with oxidizers. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid, strong bases, carbon tetrachloride. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, oleum, amines, isocyanates, chlorosulfonic acid, diallyl phosphide, tri-rz-bromomelamine, metal halides. sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and their alloys. Attacks some coatings, some plastics, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2-PROPENYLAMINE (107-11-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -4"F/ -20°C). Polymerization may be caused by oxidizers, peroxides, elevated temperatures. A medium-strong base. Reacts, possibly violently. with acids, strong oxidizers, hypochlorites,
PROPIOLATO de ETILO
1021
halogenated compounds, nitrosyl perchlorate, reactive organic compounds, combustible materials, finely divided chemically active metals. Attacks copper. Corrodes active metals.
2-PROPENYL CHLORIDE (107-05-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -2OoF/-29"C). Violent polymerization and explosion may occur from elevated temperatures, light, acid catalysts, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, Lewis acids, or Ziegler catalysts, finely divided metals. Violent reaction with oxidizers, alkyl aluminum chlorides. Incompatible with strong acids, oleum, amines, aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, ferric chloride, sodium hydroxide. Slow decomposition with moisture. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Corrosive to steel. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPENYL ETHER (557-40-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 2OoF/ -7°C oc). Forms explosive peroxides with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. (2-PROPENYL0XY)BENZENE (1746-13-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 143"F/ 62°C). May form peroxides with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids.
[(2-PROPENYLOXY)METHYL]OXIRAINE(106-92-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 135"F/57"C). Explosive peroxides may be formed in light or air. Unless inhibited, may polymerize on contact with acids or bases. Strong acids, amines, oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings, and rubber. n-PROPILBENCENO (Spanish) (103-65-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 86"F/3OoC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid. Attacks some plastics and coatings. PROPILENDIAMINA (Spanish) (78-90-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75OF124"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids. A strong organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, a1kylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Contact with mercury forms shock- and friction-sensitive explosive compounds. Attacks red metals and their alloys. 1,3-PROPILENGLICOL (Spanish) (504-63-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/ >74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. P-PROPIOLACTONE (57-57-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Able to polymerize in elevated temperatures and decomposes at room temperature, forming unstable peroxides; stable below 4loF/5"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethyleneimine, pyridine, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with 2-aminoethyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrolyzes in fresh water, forming hydracrylic acid; in salt water reacts with the chloride, forming 3-chloropropionic acid. PROPIOLATO de ETILO (Spanish) (105-37-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/l2"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonium
1022
PROPIOLIC ALCOHOL
persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitrates, permanganates, peroxides, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PROPIOLIC ALCOHOL (107-19-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 97"F/ 33°C). Elevated temperatures, alkalkdcaustics, strong oxidizers, strong sunlight, or UV light can cause explosive polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, caustic solution, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, phosphorus pentoxide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. May form sensitive and highly unstable metal acetylides with cobalt, silver, copper, magnesium, mercury, and their compounds and alloys. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. PROPIONALDEHYDE (123-38-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). Able to form unstable peroxides upon exposure to air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Violent polymerization on contact with strong acids, strong bases, methyl methacrylate. Can self-ignite if finely dispersed on porous and combustible material, such as clothing. Incompatible with amines, ammonia. Heat or UV light can cause decomposition. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONATO de n-BUTILO (Spanish) (590-01-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids. PROPIONATO de METILO (Spanish) (554-12-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (28"F/-2"C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids and nitrates. Attacks some plastics and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONE (96-22-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 55"F/13"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. May be able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged storage. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, amides, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONIC ACID (79-09-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 126"F/52"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustic substances. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkalis, alkanolamines, ammonia, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, sulfuric acid. Attacks many metals, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONIC ACID ANHYDRIDE (123-62-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/ 63°C). Reacts with water, evolving heat and forming propionic acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane.
PROPIONITRILE
1023
PROPIONIC ACID BUTYL ESTER (590-01-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9OoF/32"C).Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids. PROPIONICACID CHLORIDE (79-03-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/12"C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride gas. Decomposes in water, steam, alcohols, glycols, acids, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl ether. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONIC ACID, 3-ETHOXYETHYL ESTER (763-69-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 138"F/59"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. PROPIONIC ALDEHYDE (123-38-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). Able to form unstable peroxides upon exposure to air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Violent polymerization on contact with strong acids, strong bases, methyl methacrylate. Can self-ignite if finely dispersed on porous and combustible material, such as clothing. Incompatible with amines, ammonia. Heat or UV light can cause decomposition. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONIC ANHYDRIDE (123-62-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/ 63°C). Reacts with water, evolving heat and forming propionic acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocy anates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. PROPIONIC CHLORIDE (79-03-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"Fl 12OC). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride gas. Decomposes in water, steam, alcohols, glycols, acids, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl ether. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONIC ETHER (105-37-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/ 12°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitrates, permanganates, peroxides, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPIONIC NITRILE (107-12-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 36"F/2"C). Reacts with water, steam, or acid, producing hydrogen cyanide fumes. Reacts violently with oxidizers, reducing agents, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with N-bromosuccinimide, sodium nitrate. Attacks most rubbers and plastics, but polyvinyl alcohol has high resistance to permeation. PROPIONITRILE (107-12-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 36"F/2"C). Reacts with water, steam, or acid, producing hydrogen cyanide fumes. Reacts violently with oxidizers, reducing agents, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with N-bromosuccinimide, sodium nitrate. Attacks most rubbers and plastics, but polyvinyl alcohol has high resistance to permeation.
1024
3-PROPIONOLACTONE or P-PROPIONOLACTONE
3-PROPIONOLACTONE or P-PROPIONOLACTONE (57-57-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C).Able to polymerize in elevated temperatures and decomposes at room temperature, forming unstable peroxides; stable below 4 1"F/5"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethyleneimine, pyndine, sodium hydroxide. Incompatible with 2-aminoethyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrolyzes in fresh water, forming hydracrylic acid; in salt water reacts with the chloride, forming 3-chloropropionic acid.
PROPIONYL CHLORIDE (79-03-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/ 12°C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride gas. Decomposes in water, steam, alcohols, glycols, acids, forming hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, isopropyl ether. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PROPIONYL OXIDE (123-62-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 145"F/63"C). Reacts with water, evolving heat and forming propionic acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustic materials. Incompatible with ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. 2-PROPOXYETHANOL (2807-30-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 120"F/ 49°C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. n-PROPOXYPROPANOL, MIXED ISOMERS (30136-13-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 128"F/53"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, isocyanates, perchloric acid.
PROPYL ACETATE, 1-PROPYL ACETATE, or n-PROPYL ACETATE (109-60-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 5S°F/14"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2-PROPYL ACETATE or see-PROPYL ACETATE (108-21-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates. Dissolves rubber, and many plastic materials. Contact with iron or steel causes slow decomposition, forming isopropanol and acetic acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
PROPYLACETIC ACID (109-52-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers.
PROPYLACETONE (591-78-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 57"F/ 14°C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Reacts, possibly violently, with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid, potassium-tert-butoxide. Mixtures with hydrogen peroxide may form unstable peroxides. Attacks many plastics, resins, and rubber.
sec-PROPYLAMINE
1025
PROPYL ALCOHOL or 1-PROPYLALCOHOL or n-PROPYL ALCOHOL (71-23-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 59"F/15"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, potassium-tert-butoxide, triethylaluminum. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetaldehyde, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate. nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitronium tetrafluoroborate( 1-), pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. sec-PROPYL ALCOHOL (67-63-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 53"F/12"C). Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, crotonaldehyde, phosgene. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPYL ALDEHYDE (123-38-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15T-9"C). Able to form unstable peroxides upon exposure to air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, ketones. Violent polymerization on contact with strong acids, strong bases, methyl methacrylate. Can self-ignite if finely dispersed on porous and combustible material, such as clothing. Incompatible with amines, ammonia. Heat or UV light can cause decomposition. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPYLAMINE or 2-PROPYLAMINEor n-PROPYLAMINE (107-10-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3S0F/-37"C). A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with oxidizers: chlorine, fluorine, hypochlorites, mercury, strong acids, nitroparaffins, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, glycols, and other reactive organic compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, triethyl aluminum, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Aqueous solutions may attack glass. sec-PROPYLAMINE (75-31-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -S8"F/-5O0C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids Contact with (explosive spattering), nitroparaffins, holocarbons, l-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane. perchloryl fluoride or hexanitroethane forms explosive compounds. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, copper compounds, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, vinyl acetate. Reacts with copper and its alloys, zinc, galvanized steel. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1026
PROPYL BENZENE or n-PROPYLBENZENE
PROPYL BENZENE or n-PROPYLBENZENE (103-65-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 86"F/30°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitric acid. Attacks some plastics and coatings. PROPYLBROMIDE or n-PROPYLBROMIDE (106-94-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7SoF/26"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. PROPYL CARBINOL or n-PROPYL CARBINOL (71-36-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9SoF/37"C). May react with aluminum above 12OoF/49"C.Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkalineearth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. n-PROPYLCARBINYLCHLORIDE (109-69-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 15"F/-9"C). Reacts with water, or UVlight, slowly decomposing with the formation of hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, finely divided metals, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. PROPYL CELLOSOLVE@(Union Carbide) (2807-30-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 12OoF/49"Ccc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. n-PROPYL CHLORIDE (540-54-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 140°F/>600C). Dust forms explosive mixture with air; may decompose in moist air. A weak oxidizer. Incompatible with strong bases, strong reducing agents, strong oxidizers, some combustible materials, some organic substances. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. QUINTOX@ (60-57-1) Incompatible with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, strong oxidizers, phenols, active metals such as copper, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their salts.
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R-10 (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures: on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with ally1 alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tert-butoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4Hl,,), trisilane (Si3H8): plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, *Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium. R-11 (75-69-4) Reacts violently with barium, alkali amides, alkali metals, metal powders, sodium, and potassium, molten aluminum or magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, zinc. R-12 (75-71-8) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. R-13 (75-72-9) Violent reaction with aluminum. Reacts with magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. R-13B1 (75-63-8) Can react violently with barium, sodium, and potassium; chemically active metals; powdered aluminum. Contact with moisture forms hydrofluoric acid. Attack glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces: Hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride are formed. 1045
1046
R-14
R-14 (76-14-2) Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming toxic substances that may include chlorine or chloride, phosgene, carbonyl fluoride. Reacts with chemically active metals, acids, acid fumes, barium, lithium, sodium. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. R-20 (67-66-3) Decomposes in the presence of excess water, high temperatures, including hot surfaces, evolving phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Contact with warm water forms hydrochloric acid. Decomposes at ordinary temperatures in sunlight in the absence of air, and in the dark in the presence of air. Mixtures with strong bases, alkali metals, lithium, sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium alloy can form explosive materials that may be heat-, friction-, and/or impact-sensitive. Violent reaction with light metals, aluminum, magnesium or titanium powder, disilane, potassium-tert-butoxide, methylates, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, sodium amide, uranium(II1) hydride. Incompatible with acetone, beryllium, decaborane, nitrogen tetroxide, strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen, potassium, sodium, sodium methylate, strong mineral acids, chemically active metals, zinc. Attacks many plastics and rubber. Attacks iron and other metals in the presence of moisture and elevated temperatures. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. R-21 (75-43-4) Contact with water causes slow decomposition. Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Reacts with acids or acid fumes, producing highly toxic chlorine and fluorine fumes. Attacks chemically active metals: alkaline earth, aluminum, copper, magnesium, tin, sodium, potassium, zinc, and their alloys. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. R-22 (75-45-6) Mixtures with 50% air are combustible; difficult to ignite. Incompatible with aluminum, barium, beryllium, decaborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Moisture and rust can cause slow decomposition, forming toxic gases. Attacks some paints, rubber, and coatings. Attacks aluminum. R 23 (75-46-7) Violent reaction with alkaline earth and alkali metals. Reacts violently with aluminum oxide at elevated temperatures, producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene vapors. Incompatible with beryllium, decaborane, diborane, difluoromethylene dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, potassium acetylene-1,2-dioxide, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc. Attacks aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. R-30 (75-09-2) Combustible under certain circumstances; there is no measurable flash point; it is difficult to ignite. However, it is flammable in ambient air in the range of 12-23%; increased oxygen content can greatly enhance fire and explosion potential. Contact with hot surfaces and elevated temperatures can form fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Violent reaction with active metals, aluminum, lithium, methyl alcohol, peroxydisulfuryl difluoride, potassium, potassium-tert-butoxide,sodium. Forms explosive mixtures with nitric acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong caustics, alkaline earth and alkali metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
R-1113
1047
R-112 (76-12-0) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. R-113 (76-13-1) Reacts violently with chemically active metals, barium, calcium, lithium, potassium, sodium, and powdered aluminium, beryllium, magnesium, potassium-sodium alloy, titanium, zinc. Contact with alloys containing more than 2% magnesium or with hot surfaces can cause decomposition with the release of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride. Noncombustible liquid at ordinary temperatures, but the gas will ignite and burn weakly at autoignition temperature ( 1256"F/68OoC).Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. R-152A (75-37-6) Flammable gas (flammability limits 3.7-18% by volume in air). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, barium, sodium, and potassium. Incompatible with powdered aluminum, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. R-680 (13463-67-7) Powders or dust react with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with aluminum, calcium, hydrazine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, especially at elevated temperatures. Dust or powder can ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. R-717 (7664-41-7, anhydrous,compressed gas or cryogenic liquid; 1336-21-6, solution in water) Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides, boron triiodide, bromine, bromine chloride, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, o-chloronitrobenzene, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene,chlorosilane, chloromelamine, chromium trioxide, chromylchloride, epichlorohydrin, fluorine, hexachlorornelamine, hypochlorites (do not mix ammonia with liquid household bleach), iodine, isocyanates, mercury, nitrogen tetroxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl chloride, organic anhydrides, phosphorus trioxide, platinum, silver, potassium chlorate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium mercuric cyanide, silver chloride, stibine, tellurium halides, tellurium hydropentachloride, tetramethylammonium amide, trimethylammonium amide, trioxygen difluoride, vinyl acetate. Violent polymerization with ethylene oxide. Attacks some coatings, plastics, and rubber. Attacks copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, steel, and their alloys. R-1113 (79-38-9) Flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). Unless inhibited (terpenes and 1o/o tributylamine are recommended), this material forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine perchlorate, fluorine, ethylene, dichloroethylene, oxygen. Incompatible with chlorine trifluoride, vinylidene chloride.
1048
R-1132
R-1132 (75-38-7) Flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture in air (flash point < -85"F/ I 12°C). Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Reacts with acetonitrile, ammonia, strong oxidizers, strong bases, peroxides; may cause fire or explosions. Incompatible with hexanitroethane, potassium. May react violently with many other compounds.
SANTOPHEN@ or SANTOPHEN@ 20 (87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. SATICIZER@160 (85-68-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/199"C oc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Attacks rubber and coatings. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and now. SATURN RED (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/5OO0C, emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal andlor explosive sensitivity of 2.4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide. SCHWEFELDDIOXYD (German) (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or its alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylide-ammonia, nitryl
SELENINYL CHLORIDE
1061
chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 1 4O0F/6O0C,releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals, in the presence of moisture.
SCHWEFELKOHLENSTOFF (German) (75-15-0) Highly reactive. Shock, friction, or concussion can cause explosive decomposition. May ignite spontaneously on contact with air, or with hot surfaces, releasing toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -22"F/-3OoC). Contact with metal oxides can lower ignition point. Its vapor may cause ignition or explosion of finely divided aluminum, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, chlorine, phosphorus oxychloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive with potassium, potassium azide, alloys of potassiudsodium. Ignition or violent reaction with strong oxidizers, releasing sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide, reducing agents, alkali metals, nitrogen oxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aluminum, azides, carbon monoxide, chlorine monoxide, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, halogens, lithium azide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, organic amines, zinc. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber, and coating. May attack copper and its alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SCHWEFELWASSERSTOFF (German) (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SCHWEINFURTH GREEN (12002-03-8) Contact with strong oxidizers chlorine, fluorine, peroxides may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or may form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides, with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate. SELENIC ANHYDRIDE (13768-86-0) Violent reaction with water, forming selenic acid. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, aldehydes, alkenes, carboxylic acids, isocyanates. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture.
SELENINYL CHLORIDE (7791-23-3) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, antimony, cesium, francium, lithium, light metals, metal oxides, potassium, sodium, phosphorus.
1062
SELENIOUS ACID
SELENIOUS ACID (7783-00-8) Reacts with air, forming selenium oxide and water. Reacts with oxidizers, forming selenic acid, and with reducing agents, forming selenium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohy drin. SELENIOUS ANHYDRIDE (7446-08-4) An oxidizer. Reacts with many substances, including reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, organic substances, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, phosphorus trichloride. Attacks most metals. SELENIUM CHLORIDE OXIDE (7791-23-3) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, antimony, cesium, francium, lithium, light metals, metal oxides, potassium, sodium, phosphorus. SELENIUM DIOXIDE (7446-08-4) An oxidizer. Reacts with many substances, including reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, organic substances, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, phosphorus trichloride. Attacks most metals. SELENIUM(+4) DIOXIDE or SELENIUM(1V) DIOXIDE (7446-08-4) An oxidizer. Reacts with many substances, including reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, organic substances, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene,phosphorus trichloride. Attacks most metals. SELENIUM HYDRIDE (7783-07-5) Flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Reacts with moisture, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, evolving heat and flammable hydrogen. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, alcohols, water, halogenated hydrocarbons. SELENIUM OXIDE (7446-08-4) An oxidizer. Reacts with many substances, including reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, organic substances, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene, phosphorus trichloride. Attacks most metals. SELENIUM(V1) OXIDE (13768-86-0) Violent reaction with water, forming selenic acid. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, aldehydes, alkenes, carboxylic acids, isocyanates. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture. SELENIUM OXYCHLORIDE (7791-23-3) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction or explosion with reducing agents, antimony, cesium, francium, lithium, light metals, metal oxides, potassium, sodium, phosphorus. SELENIUM TRIOXIDE (13768-86-0) Violent reaction with water, forming selenic acid. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, aldehydes, alkenes, carboxylic acids, isocyanates. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture.
SILANE
1063
SELENIURO de HIDROGENO (Spanish) (7783-07-5) Flammable gas. A strong reducing agent. Reacts with moisture, acids, acid fumes, alcohols, evolving heat and flammable hydrogen. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, alcohols, water, halogenated hydrocarbons. SELENOUSACID (7783-00-8) Reacts with air, forming selenium oxide and water. Reacts with oxidizers, forming selenic acid, and with reducing agents, forming selenium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. SEQUESTRIC ACID (60-00-4) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. SEQUESTROL (60-00-4) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. SESQUICLORURO de METILALUMINIO (Spanish) (12542-85-7) Pyrophoric liquid; ignites instantly in air, forming aluminum oxide and hydrogen chloride fumes. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, combustible materials, alcohols, ally1 chloride, amines, carbon dioxide, glycols, halons, methanol, nitrogen oxides, nitromethane, phenols, sulfur oxides, and many other substances. Store under nitrogen blanket. Reacts with many common extinguishing materials. On fires, smother with special powders, powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, crushed limestone, dry graphite; may reignite following extinguishing. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Commercial product is often a 15-30% solution in hydrocarbons. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. SEWN@ (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. SEWER GAS (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SIENNA (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. SILANE (7803-62-5) A flammable gas. Pyrophoric may spontaneously ignite or explode on contact with air. Contact with water or steam causes a violent reaction and the formation of
1064
SILANO
hydrogen chloride. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, covalent halides, halogens, potassium hydroxide solution. Explodes in oxygen or elevated temperatures above 75OoF/398"C.
SILANO (Spanish) (7803-62-5) A flammable gas. Pyrophoric may spontaneously ignite or explode on contact with air. Contact with water or steam causes a violent reaction and the formation of hydrogen chloride. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, covalent halides, halogens. potassium hydroxide solution. Explodes in oxygen or elevated temperatures above 750°F/398"C.
SILBERNITRAT (German) (7761-88-8) A powerful oxidizer. Forms friction- and shocksensitive compounds with many materials, including acetylene, anhydrous ammonia (produces compounds that are explosive when dry), 1,3-butadiyne, buten-3-yne, calcium carbide, dicopper acetylide. Contact with hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Violent reaction with chlorine trifluoride, metal powders, nitrous acid, phosphonium iodide, red or yellow phosphorus, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylides, acrylonitrile, alcohols, alkalis, ammonium hydroxide, arsenic, arsenites, bromides, carbonates, carbon materials, chlorides, chlorosulfouic acid, cocaine chloride, hypophosphites, iodides, iodoform, magnesium, methyl acetylene, phosphates, phosphine, salts of antimony or iron, sodium salicylate, tannic acid, tartrates, thiocyanates. Attacks chemically active metals and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
SILIBONDO CONDENSED (78-10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
SILICANEB (7803-62-5) A flammable gas. Pyrophoric may spontaneously ignite or explode on contact with air. Contact with water or steam causes a violent reaction and the formation of hydrogen chloride. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, covalent halides, halogens, potassium hydroxide solution. Explodes in oxygen or elevated temperatures above 750°F/398"C.
SILICATE d'ETHYLE (French) (78-10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
SILICATO de ETILO (Spanish) (78-10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
SILICATO de METIL(681-84-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 68"F/ 20°C). Reacts with water, forming methanol and a corrosive solution. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metallic hexafluorides (e.g., molybdenum hexafluorides, tungsten hexafluorides, uranium hexafluorides, etc.). SILICIC ACID TETRAETHYL ESTER (78-10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
SILICON OXIDE or SILICON(I1) OXIDE
1065
SILICI-CHLOROFORME (French) (10025-78-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). May spontaneously ignite in air. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, evolving hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
SILICIUMCHLOROFORM (German) (10025-78-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1 8"F/-2SoC). May spontaneously ignite in air. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, evolving hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
SILICOCHLOROFORM (10025-78-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). May spontaneously ignite in air. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, evolving hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
SILICON CHLORIDE (10026-04-7) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, evolving heat and forming silicic acid and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, ammonia, dimethlysulfoxide, potassium, sodium. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide (causes explosive polymerization), fluorine, silicon tetrahydride. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. Store under inert gas. SILICON CHLORIDE HYDRIDE (4109-96-0) Pyrophoric; may ignite spontaneously in ambient air. Flammable gas (flash point -62T-52"C). Reacts with water, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia, halocarbons. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitrogen oxides, nitrates, nitrites, chlorofluoromethanes, and many other substances. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen.
SILICON FLUORIDE (7783-61-1) Noncombustible gas. Reacts in moist air, producing a white cloud and hydrogen chloride. Decomposes in water, forming silicic acid and hydrogen chloride. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide (causes explosive polymerization), fluorine, silicon tetrahydride. Reacts with acids, alkalis, alcohols, alkali metal. Attacks glass and siliceous materials. SILICON OXIDE or SILICON(I1) OXIDE (10097-28-6) Highly flammable solid. Dust, powder, or other finely dispersed particles may self-ignite in air. A strong reducing agent.
1066
SILICON TETRACHLORIDE
Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, nitric acid, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sulfuric acid. Exothermic reaction with hydrogen chloride. Incompatible with lead dioxide, magnesium. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow.
SILICON TETRACHLORIDE (10026-04-7) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, evolving heat and forming silicic acid and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, ammonia, dimethlysulfoxide, potassium, sodium. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide (causes explosive polymerization), fluorine, silicon tetrahydride. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. Store under inert gas. SILICON TETRAFLUORIDE (7783-61-1) Noncombustible gas. Reacts in moist air, producing a white cloud and hydrogen chloride. Decomposes in water, forming silicic acid and hydrogen chloride. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide (causes explosive polymerization), fluorine, silicon tetrahydride. Reacts with acids, alkalis, alcohols, alkali metal. Attacks glass and siliceous materials. SILICON TETRAHYDRIDE (7803-62-5) A flammable gas. Pyrophoric may spontaneously ignite or explode on contact with air. Contact with water or steam causes a violent reaction and the formation of hydrogen chloride. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, covalent halides, halogens, potassium hydroxide solution. Explodes in oxygen or elevated temperatures above 750°F/398"C. SILVER ACETATE (563-63-3) An oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, acids, organic materials. SILVER DIFLUORIDE (7783-95-1) Contact with acetylene produces shock-sensitive material. Ammonia contact produces compounds that are explosive when dry. Hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Soluble silver compounds attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. SILVER FLUORIDE (7783-95-1) Contact with acetylene produces shock-sensitive material. Ammonia contact produces compounds that are explosive when dry. Hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Soluble silver compounds attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. SILVER(I1) FLUORIDE (7783-95-1) Contact with acetylene produces shock-sensitive material. Ammonia contact produces compounds that are explosive when dry. Hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Soluble silver compounds attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. SILVER NITRATE or SILVER(1) NITRATE (7761-88-8) A powerful oxidizer. Forms friction- and shock-sensitive compounds with many materials, including acetylene, anhydrous ammonia (produces compounds that are explosive when dry), 1,3-butadiyne, buten-3-yne, calcium carbide, dicopper acetylide. Contact with hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Violent reaction with chlorine trifluoride, metal powders, nitrous acid,
SODA CHLORATE
1067
phosphonium iodide, red or yellow phosphorus, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylides, acrylonitrile, alcohols, alkalis, ammonium hydroxide, arsenic, arsenites, bromides, carbonates, carbon materials, chlorides, chlorosulfonic acid, cocaine chloride, hypophosphites, iodides, iodoform, magnesium, methyl acetylene, phosphates, phosphine, salts of antimony or iron, sodium salicylate, tannic acid, tartrates, thiocyanates. Attacks chemically active metals and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
SILVER OXIDE (20667-12-3) A strong oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, acids, amines, combustible materials. Reacts violently with ammonia. SILVER(1) OXIDE (20667-12-3) A strong oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, acids, amines, combustible materials. Reacts violently with ammonia. SLAKED LIME (1305-62-0) Contact with maleic anhydride may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with phosphorus, nitroethane, nitromethane, nitroparaffins, or nitropropane may form explosive compounds or cause explosion. Attacks some metals and coatings. SOBLTOL (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat. SOBUTANOIC ACID (79-31-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 132"F/56"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks aluminum and other metals. SODA ASH (497-19-8) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, evolving carbon dioxide. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum, fluorine, lithium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, phosphorus pentoxide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Forms explosive material with 2,4,5-trinitrotoluene, and increases the thermal sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by decreasing the temperature of explosion from 566"F/297"C to 424"F/218"C. Attacks metals. SODA CHLORATE (7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below 572"F/3OO0C,liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene.
1068
SODA CHLORIC ACID, SODIUM SALT
SODA CHLORIC ACID, SODIUM SALT (7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below 572"F/300°C, liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. SODA LYE (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, ethylene chloroorganic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2,2-dichloro-3,3-dimethylbutane, (highly hydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,5-tetrachIorobenzene toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-l-propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene- 1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2-nitropheno1,nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, andor shock-sensitive explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn- 1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas. SODAMIDE (7782-92-5) Combustible solid. Easily forms dangerous levels of unstable peroxides in storage. Material is shock-, friction-, and heat-sensitive; may ignite or explode. Exposure to moist air may cause material to ignite, explode, and/or produce corrosive hydrogen chloride and ammonia fumes. Reacts violently with water, water vapor, steam, forming sodium hydroxide and ammonia fumes, and caustic soda solution; may burst into flames. Reacts violently with oxidizers, acids, chromium trioxide, dinitrogen tetraoxide, halocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, potassium chlorate, sodium nitrite, and other compounds. In a dry state, flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Reacts with most common extinguishers; on fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-1 powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. Separate from all other materials and moisture of any kind. Store under inert gas or liquid hydrocarbons. SODA NITER (7631-99-4) Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures above 7 16"F/380°C cause ignition; explodes above 1000°F/537"C.A powerful oxidizer. Reacts
SODIO (DICROMATO di)
1069
violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible substances, strong acids, organic substances, powdered metals, alcohols, acetic anhydride, bitumens, ethers, glycols. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, boron phosphide, cyanides, 1, I-dichloro-I-nitroethane,1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, metal cyanides, peroxyfonnic acid, sodium hypophosphite, s-trioxane. Forms heat-, friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organics, powders of aluminum, antimony, magnesium, zirconium, metal amidosulfates, red phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sodium thiosulfate. Incompatible with barium thiocyanate, rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. Attacks chemically active metals.
SODIO (Spanish) (7440-23-5) Extremely flammable solid (autoignition temperature 239"F/115"C, evolving sodium oxide). Exposure to moist air produces unstable peroxides and/or can cause spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, forming flammable hydrogen gas, sodium hydroxide, heat. Fire often occurs. A powerful reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, antimony chloride, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, chloroform, copper oxide, diazomethane, dibromomethylborane, haloids, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, heavy metal oxides, hexachlorocyclopentadiene, hydrazine hydrate, iodine monchloride, iodine pentafluoride, iron bromide, lead dioxide, maleic anhydride, manganese chloride, methyl chloride, methyl iodide, nitrous oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, nitrotoluene, nihyl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, phosgene, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, seleninyl bromide, silver bromide, silver chloride, silver fluoride, silver iodide, sodium peroxide, sulfur, tetrachloroethane, trichloroethylene, vanadium oxytrichloride, and many other substances. Forms explosive compounds with many substances, including aluminum bromide, ammonium nitrate, arsenic iodide, ferric chloride, nitrotoluene, sodium nitrate. Incompatible with many substances, including boron uifluoride, chromic acid, cobalt bromide, cobalt chloride, mercury oxide, thionyl chloride, titanium dioxide. Violent reaction with most common extinguishers; on fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-1 powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. Separate from all other materials and moisture of any kind. Store under inert gas or liquid hydrocarbons. SODIO (CLORATO DI) (Italian) (7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below 572"F/3OO0C,liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. SODIO (DICROMATO di) (Italian) (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride,
1070
SODIO (IDROSSIDO di)
arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l-dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture.
SODIO (IDROSSIDO di) (Italian) (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2,2-dichloro3,3-dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene(highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro1-propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene- 1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2-nitropheno1, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, and/or shock-sensitive explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy-l,2,5-oxadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn- 1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas. SODIUM (7440-23-5) Extremely flammable solid (autoignition temperature 239"F/ 115"C, evolving sodium oxide). Exposure to moist air produces unstable peroxides and/or can cause spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, forming flammable hydrogen gas. sodium hydroxide, heat. Fire often occurs. A powerful reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, acids, antimony chloride, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, chloroform, copper oxide, diazomethane, dibromomethylborane, haloids, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, heavy metal oxides, hexachlorocyclopentadiene,hydrazine hydrate, iodine monchloride, iodine pentafluoride, iron bromide, lead dioxide, maleic anhydride, manganese chloride, methyl chloride, methyl iodide, nitrous oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, nitrotoluene, nitryl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, phosgene, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, seleninyl bromide, silver bromide, silver chloride, silver fluoride, silver iodide, sodium peroxide, sulfur, tetrachloroethane, trichloroethylene, vanadium oxytrichloride, and many other substances. Forms explosive compounds with many substances, including aluminum bromide, ammonium nitrate, arsenic iodide, femc chloride, nitrotoluene, sodium nitrate. Incompatible with many substances, including boron trifluoride, chromic acid, cobalt bromide, cobalt chloride, mercury oxide, thionyl chloride, titanium dioxide. Violent reaction with most common extinguishers; on fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-1 powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. Separate from all other materials and moisture of any kind. Store under inert gas or liquid hydrocarbons.
SODIUM AZIDE
1071
SODIUM ACID BISULFITE or SODIUM ACID BISULFITE SOLUTION (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals.
SODIUM ACID FLUORIDE (1333-83-1) Dry material reacts, possibly violently, with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium. Reacts with water, liberating heat and forming a highly acidic solution. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Corrodes glass, concrete, and metals containing silica, such as cast iron; may generate flammable hydrogen. Attacks natural rubber and organic materials. SODIUM ACID SULFITE (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals. SODIUM ALUMINATE or SODIUM ALUMINATE SOLUTION (45% or less) (130242-7; 11138-49-1) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocarbons, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc. SODIUM ALUMINUM OXIDE (1302-42-7; 11138-49-1) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocarbons, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc. SODIUM AMIDE (7782-92-5) Combustible solid. Easily forms dangerous levels of unstable peroxides in storage. Material is shock-, friction-, and heat sensitive; may ignite or explode. Exposure to moist air may cause material to ignite, explode, andor produce corrosive hydrogen chloride and ammonia fumes. Reacts violently with water, water vapor, steam, forming sodium hydroxide and ammonia fumes, and caustic soda solution; may burst into flames. Reacts violently with oxidizers, acids, chromium trioxide, dinitrogen tetraoxide, halocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, potassium chlorate, sodium nitrite, and other compounds. In a dry state, flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Reacts with most common extinguishers; on fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-1 powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. Separate from all other materials and moisture of any kind. Store under inert gas or liquid hydrocarbons. SODIUM AZIDE (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 525"F/274"C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals: copper, its alloys, lead, silver, and mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibromomalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene.
1072
SODIUM, AZOTURE de
SODIUM, AZOTURE de (French) (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 525"F/274"C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals: copper, its alloys, lead, silver, and mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibromomalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene.
SODIUM AZOTURO (Italian) (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 525"F/274"C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals: copper, its alloys, lead, silver, and mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibromomalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene. SODIUM-2-BENZOTHIAZOLETHIOATE (2492-26-4) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite, strong bases. Concentrated aqueous solutions are corrosive.
SODIUM BIBORATE (1303-96-4) Aqueous solution is alkaline. Reacts with acids, metallic salts.
SODIUM BICHROMATE (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l -dichloro- I-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydraLine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts. s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture.
SODIUM BIFLUORIDE (1333-83-1) Dry material reacts, possibly violently, with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium. Reacts with water. liberating heat and forming a highly acidic solution. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Corrodes glass, concrete, and metals containing silica, such as cast iron; may generate flammable hydrogen. Attacks natural rubber and organic materials. SODIUM BISULFIDE (16721-80-5) Combustible solid (flash point, 45% solution 73"F/23"C). Hydrolyzes in moist air to sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. Reacts violently with moisture, producing heat, sodium hydrosulfide solution, and hydrogen sulfide fumes; spontaneously combustible. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, forming hydrogen sulfide. Incompatible with acids, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, oxidizers. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture.
SODIUM CHLORATE
1073
SODIUM BISULFITE or SODIUM BISULFITE, SOLID or SODIUM BISULFITE, SOLUTION (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals. SODIUM BORATE (1303-96-4) Aqueous solution is alkaline. Reacts with acids, metallic salts.
SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE (16940-66-2) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air; autoignition above 55ODF/288"C.Reacts with water, steam, moist air, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, palladium dust, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Violent reaction with acids, forming diborane gas, with the possibility of explosion. Violent reaction with oxidizers, dimethyl formamide, aldehydes, ketones, metal powders, metal salts, sodium hydroxide. Polymerization may be caused by contact with bases, acrylonitrile, sodium borohydride. Forms explosive material that is ultra-sensitive to friction or shock, and moisture-sensitive with salts of ruthenium. Attacks metals. Corrodes glass slowly. SODIUM BROMATE (7789-38-0) Noncombustible, but above 7 16"F/38OoC, this material decomposes explosively, producing oxygen and thereby making other materials more highly combustible or increasing the intensity of fire. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, ammonium salts, carbon, fluorine, metal sulfides, phosphorus, sugar, potassium, sodium, metal powders: aluminum, arsenic, copper, etc. Incompatible with oils, fats, and greases; may form shock-sensitive explosive materials.
SODIUM CACODYLATE (124-65-2) Reacts with strong acids, emitting arsenic fumes. Corrodes common metals.
SODIUM CARBONATE (497-19-8) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, evolving carbon dioxide. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum, fluorine, lithium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, phosphorus pentoxide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Forms explosive material with 2,4,5-trinitrotoluene, and increases the thermal sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by decreasing the temperature of explosion from 566"F/297"C to 424"F/218"C. Attacks metals. SODIUM CHLORATE (7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below 572"F/3OO0C,liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, m-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene.
1074
SODIUM (CHLORATE de)
SODIUM (CHLORATE de) (French) (7775-09-9) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively below S72"F/30OoC,liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible matter, organic substances including acids and porous materials such as clothing, sugars (sucrose, lactose), wood, etc., powdered metals, dibasic organic acids, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium salts, calcium sulfide, copper phosphide, dinickel trioxide, gallic acid, hydrogen iodide, hypophosphites of metals, manganese dioxide, oils, metal sulfides, finely divided metals, sodium amide, sodium dioxide, thiocyanates, thorium dicarbide, potassium hydrocide. Contact with strong acids produces carbon dioxide. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with arsenic, arsenic trisulfide, boron, carbon, cyanides, cyanoguanidine, hydrocarbons, metal-phosphides, -phosphinates, -sulfides, or -thiocyanates, nitrobenzene, phosphorus, sodium amide, sulfur, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, or when mixed or contaminated with organic solids. Incompatible with barium, barium sulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene.
SODIUM CHLORITE (7758-19-2) Noncombustible, this material decomposes explosively above 302"F/1SOoC, liberating oxygen and thereby increasing the intensity of fire or making other materials more highly combustible. A strong oxidizer and highly reactive explosive. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, finely divided metals, acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l-dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, red phosphorus, sodium hydrosulfite, sulfur-containing materials, s-trioxane, etc. Reacts with acids, forming chlorine dioxide gas. Friction, shock, heat, or contact with acids, oils, and greases, or contamination with organic solids and many other materials may cause ignition or explosion. Incompatible with rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene. SODIUM CHROMATE (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, I , 1-dichloro- I-nitroethane, I ,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with nt-bis(trichlormethyI)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture. SODIUM CHROMATE (7775-11-3) Not combustible but will increase the intensity of a fire. Strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, strong acids, powdered metals, organic substances. The aqueous solution is an acid and incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. SODIUM CHROMATE(V1) (7775-11-3) Not combustible but will increase the intensity of a fire. Strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, strong acids, powdered metals, organic substances. The aqueous solution is an acid and incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate.
1-S ODIUM-33-DICHLORO- 1,3,5-TRIAZINE-2,4,6-TRIONE
1075
SODIUM CYANIDE (143-33-9)Violent reaction with acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen cyanide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ethyl chloroacetate, fluorine, magnesium, nitrates, nitrites, sodium nitrate. Reacts with carbon dioxide and moisture in air, producing hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with water, producing flammable sodium dioxide and cyanide fumes; aqueous solution is a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts with carbon dioxide, forming flammable hydrocyanic acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, aldehydes, alcohols, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, chlorates, cresols, epichlorohydrin, gold, glycols, isocyanates, mercurous chloride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, zinc. SODIUM DICHLORISOCYANURATE(2893-78-9)Not combustible, but will enhance the activity of fire. Reacts violently with water, steam, releasing chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals, organic nitrites, easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Incompatible with sodium hypochlorite, ammonium salts, amines. May form explosive product with ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole. SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE (2893-78-9) Not combustible, but will enhance the activity of fire. Reacts violently with water, steam, releasing chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals, organic nitrites, easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Incompatible with sodium hypochlorite, ammonium salts, amines. May form explosive product with ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole. SODIUM 2-(2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY)ETHYL SULFATE (136-78-7)Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions.
SODIUM-1,3-DICHLORO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE-2,4-DIONE-6-OXIDE (2893-78-9) Not
combustible, but will enhance the activity of fire. Reacts violently with water, steam, releasing chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals, organic nitrites, easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Incompatible with sodium hypochlorite, ammonium salts, amines. May form explosive product with ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole.
SODIUM DICHLORO-s-TRIAZINETRIONE(2893-78-9) Not combustible, but will enhance the activity of fire. Reacts violently with water, steam, releasing chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals, organic nitrites, easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Incompatible with sodium hypochlorite, ammonium salts, amines. May form explosive product with ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole. SODIUM DICHLORO-s-TRIAZINETRIONE DIHYDRATE (2893-78-9) Not combustible, but will enhance the activity of fire. Reacts violently with water, steam, releasing chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals, organic nitrites, easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Incompatible with sodium hypochlorite, ammonium salts, amines. May form explosive product with ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole.
1-SODIUM-3,5-DICHLORO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE-2,4,6-TRIONE (2893-78-9) Not combustible, but will enhance the activity of fire. Reacts violently with water, steam, releasing chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials,
1076
I-SODIUM-3,5-DICHLORO-s-TRIAZINE-2,4,6-TRIONE
organic substances, powdered metals, organic nitrites, easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Incompatible with sodium hypochlorite, ammonium salts, amines. May form explosive product with ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole.
1-SODIUM-3,5-DICHLORO-s-TRIAZINE-2,4,6-TRIONE (2893-78-9) Not combustible, but will enhance the activity of fire. Reacts violently with water, steam, releasing chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials. organic substances, powdered metals, organic nitrites, easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Incompatible with sodium hypochlorite, ammonium salts, amines. May form explosive product with ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole. SODIUM DICHROMATE (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents. acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l-dichloro-1 -nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution i s caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture. SODIUM (DICHROMATE de) (French) (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts
violently with reducing agents, acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l -dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-his (trichlormethyl)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, brass, bronze. tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture.
SODIUM DICHROMATE(V1) (10588-01-9) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acids, acetic anhydride, hydrazine, combustible materials, organic substances, metal powders. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l -dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichIoropropene, diethylamine, fluorine, hydrazine, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride, zirconium dusts, s-trioxane. Incompatible with m-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, hydroxylamine. Aqueous solution is caustic; incompatible with acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. Attacks aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, tin, zinc, especially in the presence of moisture. SODIUM DIETHYLAMIDE (34992-80-8) Pyrophoric solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Isolate from other materials.
SODIUM DIFLUORIDE (1333-83-1) Dry material reacts, possibly violently, with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus,
SODIUM HYDRATE
1077
potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium. Reacts with water, liberating heat and forming a highly acidic solution. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Corrodes glass, concrete, and metals containing silica. such as cast iron; may generate flammable hydrogen. Attacks natural rubber and organic materials.
SODIUM DIMETHYLARSENATE (124-65-2) Reacts with strong acids, emitting arsenic fumes. Corrodes common metals. SODIUM DIOXIDE (1313-60-6)Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Reacts slowly with moisture in air, forming sodium hydroxide fumes. Elevated temperatures cause decomposition above 86O0F/460"C,emitting oxygen. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, acids, alcohols, aniline, antimony, arsenic, boron, boron nitride, calcium acetylide, ethers, glycols, hexamethylene-tetramine, hydrogen sulfide, powders of light metals, nonmetal halides, potassium, peroxyformic acid, sodium, sodium dioxide, thocyanates. Violent reaction with water, steam, emitting heat and forming caustic sodium hydroxide and oxygen; ignition may occur. Aqueous solution incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Attacks aluminum, copper, its alloys, beryllium, magnesium, tin, zinc. Incompatible with red phosphorus. See also Sodium Hydroxide. Reacts with water-based and halogenated extinguishers, foams. SODIUM DITHIONITE (7775-14-6)Combustible solid. Finely dispersed dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with water, moist air, or steam, emitting sulfur dioxide and heat, with the risk of spontaneous combustion. Contact with acids produces sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion on contact with oxidizers, sodium chlorite. Elevated temperatures above 122"F/50°C may cause violent thermal decomposition, producing sodium sulfate and sulfur dioxide. When dissolving, always slowly add this material to water. SODIUM DITOLYLDIAZOBIS-8-AMINO-l-NAPHTHOL-3,6-DISULFONATE (72-57-1)Incompatible with strong oxidizers. SODIUM FLUORIDE (7681-49-4) Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solution attacks glass, and reacts violently with xenon hexafluoride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. SODIUM FORMATE (141-53-7)Reacts with strong acids, forming formic acid. SODIUM HYDRATE (1310-73-2)A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2,2-dichloro-3,3-dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene (highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-l-propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, organic anhydrides. acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene- 1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride,
1078
SODIUM HYDRATE SOLUTION
4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichIoroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2nitrophenol, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, and/or shock-sensitive explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2,5-0xadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4yn- 1-01, N,N’-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas.
SODIUM HYDRATE SOLUTION (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylpheno1, 2,2-dichloro-3, 3-dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene(highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-l -propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides. substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene- 1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2nitrophenol, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, andor shock-sensitive explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4yn- 1-01, N,N’-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas. SODIUM HYDRLDE (7646-69-7) Flammable solid. Finely dispersed material forms explosive mixture with air; contact with moist air can cause spontaneous combustion. Contact with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols is potentially explosive, with release of flammable hydrogen gas. Violent reaction with ethyl-2,2,3-trifluoropropionate. Reacts, possibly violently, with acetylene, dimethylformamide, halogens, ethyl 2,2,3-trifluoropropionate, oxygen, strong oxidizers, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerin, halogens, sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with most common extinguishers. On fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-I powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite. SODIUM HYDROGEN DIFLUORIDE (1333-83-1) Dry material reacts, possibly violently, with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium. Reacts with water, liberating heat and forming a highly acidic solution. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Corrodes glass, concrete, and metals containing silica, such as cast iron; may generate flammable hydrogen. Attacks natural rubber and organic materials.
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
1079
SODIUM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE (1333-83-1) Dry material reacts, possibly violently, with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium. Reacts with water, liberating heat and forming a highly acidic solution. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Corrodes glass, concrete, and metals containing silica, such as cast iron; may generate flammable hydrogen. Attacks natural rubber and organic materials.
SODIUM HYDROGEN SULFIDE (16721-80-5) Combustible solid (flash point, 45% solution 73"F/23"C). Hydrolyzes in moist air to sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. Reacts violently with moisture, producing heat, sodium hydrosulfide solution, and hydrogen sulfide fumes; spontaneously combustible. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, forming hydrogen sulfide. Incompatible with acids, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, oxidizers. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture.
SODIUM HYDROGEN SULFITE or SODIUM HYDROGEN SULFITE, SOLID or SODIUM HYDROGEN SULFITE SOLUTION (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals.
SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE or SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE,SOLUTION or SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE, SOLID (16721-80-5) Combustible solid (flash point, 45% solution 73"F/23"C). Hydrolyzes in moist air to sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. Reacts violently with moisture, producing heat, sodium hydrosulfide solution, and hydrogen sulfide fumes; spontaneously combustible. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, forming hydrogen sulfide. Incompatible with acids, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, oxidizers. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture.
SODIUM HYDROSULFITE (7775-14-6) Combustible solid. Finely dispersed dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with water, moist air, or steam, emitting sulfur dioxide and heat, with risk of spontaneous combustion. Contact with acids produces sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion on contact with oxidizers, sodium chlorite. Elevated temperatures above 122"F/50°C may cause violent thermal decomposition, producing sodium sulfate and sulfur dioxide. When dissolving, always slowly add this material to water. SODIUM HYDROXIDE or SODIUM HYDROXIDE, BEAD or SODIUM HYDROXIDE, DRY or SODIUM HYDROXIDE, FLAKE or SODIUM HYDROXIDE, GRANULAR or SODIUM HYDROXIDE, LIQUID or SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLID or SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLUTION (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2,2-dichloro-3,3dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,5-tetrachIoro-benzene (highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-l-propanoI, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, ally1 chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene
1080
SODIUM HYDROXIDE CAUSTIC SODA SOLUTION
oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene- 1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl2-nitrophenol, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, and/or shock-sensitive explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2,.5-oxadiazole, 3-methyl2-penten-4-yn-1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea, trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas.
SODIUM HYDROXIDE CAUSTIC SODA SOLUTION (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro2-methylphenol, 2,2-dichloro-3,3-dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene(highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro- 1-propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, allyl chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene-I, 4-dio1, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2-nitropheno1, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone, sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, and/or shock-sensitive explosive salts with nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2,S-oxadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-yn-1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas. SODIUM (HYDROXYDE de) (French) (1310-73-2) A strong base. Reacts with water, evolving heat and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic halogens, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2,2-dichloro-3, 3-dimethylbutane, ethylene chlorohydrin, maleic anhydride, p-nitrotoluene, propylene oxide. 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene(highly toxic material is formed), 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro- 1-propanol, trichloroethanol. Incompatible with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylonitrile, allyl chloride, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, bromine, benzene-1,4-diol, chlorine trifluoride, 4-chlorobutyronitrile, chlorohydrin, chloronitro-toluenes, chlorosulfonic acid, cinnamaldehyde, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocresols, 1,2-dichloroethylene, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanhydrin, formaldehyde (forms formic acid and flammable hydrogen gas), glycols, glyoxal, hydroquinone, iron-silicon, isocyanates, ketones, methyl azide, 4-methyl-2nitrophenol, nitrates, pentol, phenols, phosphorus, phosphorus pentaoxide, P-propiolactone. sodium tetrahydroborate, tetrahydrofuran, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, trichloronitromethane, vinyl acetate, zirconium. Forms heat-, friction-, andlor shock-sensitive explosive salts with
SODIUM-2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOL
1081
nitrocompounds, cyanogen azide, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxy- 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 3-methyl-2-penten-4yn-1-01, N,N'-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)urea,trichloroethylene (forms dichloroacetylene). Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, coatings, and metals: aluminum, tin zinc, etc., producing flammable hydrogen gas.
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE or SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION, WITH 150 G/L ACTIVE CHLORINE (7681-52-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer and strong base. Violent reaction with strong acids (giving off chlorine gas), reducing agents, combustible substances, organic substances, benzyl cyanide, hydroxylamine. Decomposes in sunlight, producing oxygen with increased risk of fire. Stability is reduced with concentration, heat, light, decrease in pH, and contamination with metals. Contact with amines and ammonia salts produces explosive chloroamines. Reaction with ammonium sulfate forms explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reacts with urea, forming explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrolein, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 1, I-dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, s-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes many metals: steel, 12% and 17% chrome steel, cast iron, monel, aluminum, nickel, brass, bronze, iconel, titanium.
SODIUM HYPOSULFITE (10102-17-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal nitrates, nitrites. Forms explosive product with potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate. Reacts with acids, forming sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogens.
SODIUM IODIDE (7681-82-5) Reacts violently with bromotrifluoride, perchloric acid, perchloryl fluoride, oxidants, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrazine. Incompatible with acrolein, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, mercuric salicylate, mercurous chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, paraldehyde, peroxyfuroic acid, phosphorus pentoxide, silver nitrate, sodium acetylide, sodium borohydride. May sensitize organic azides, hydrazinium perchlorate.
SODIUM ISOTHIOCYANATE (540-72-7) Exposure to light causes slow decomposition, forming cyanide, sulfur oxides, and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with organic peroxides, nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorates, ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam, nitrates, peroxides, potassium chlorate, potassium iodate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium nitrate.
SODIUM MERCAPTAN (16721-80-5) Combustible solid (flash point, 45% solution 73"F/23"C). Hydrolyzes in moist air to sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. Reacts violently with moisture, producing heat, sodium hydrosulfide solution, and hydrogen sulfide fumes; spontaneously combustible. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, forming hydrogen sulfide. Incompatible with acids, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, oxidizers. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture. SODIUM-2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOL (2492-26-4) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite, strong bases. Concentrated aqueous solutions are corrosive.
1082
SODIUM META-ALUMINATE
SODIUM META-ALUMINATE (1302-42-7; 11138-49-1) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocarbons, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc.
SODIUM METABISULFITE (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals.
SODIUMMETABORATE PEROXIHYDRATE (7632-04-4; 1113-47-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Forms an alkaline solution with water. Elevated temperatures above 140°F/600C cause decomposition, emitting oxygen and enhancing the combustion of other materials. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals. Incompatible with acids. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, maleic anhydride, phenols, vinyl acetate. SODIUM METASILICATE (6834-92-0) Violent reaction with fluorine, lithium. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts violently with acids and is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture.
SODIUM METHOXIDE (124-41-4) Flammable solid (autoignition temperature 15XoF/7OoC;flash point of solution, in methyl alcohol, approximately 7OoF/24"C).Forms explosive mixture with air; may ignite spontaneously in moist air. Reacts violently with water, steam, forming methanol and sodium hydroxide; may ignite on contact. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, aluminum powder, beryllium, chloroform, chlorine oxyfluoride, magnesium, p-nitrochlorobenzene, perchloryl fluoride. Reacts with light metals, forming flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with waterbased extinguishers. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
SODIUM METHYLATE, DRY (124-41-4) Flammable solid (autoignition temperature 15X0F/70"C;flash point of solution, in methyl alcohol, approximately 7OoF/24"C).Forms explosive mixture with air; may ignite spontaneously in moist air. Reacts violently with water, steam, forming methanol and sodium hydroxide; may ignite on contact. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, aluminum powder, beryllium, chloroform, chlorine oxyfluoride, magnesium, p-nitrochlorobenzene, perchloryl fluoride. Reacts with light metals, forming flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with waterbased extinguishers. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
SODIUM MONOHYDRIDE (7646-69-7) Flammable solid. Finely dispersed material forms explosive mixture with air; contact with moist air can cause spontaneous combustion.
SODIUM NITRITE
1083
Contact with water, acids, acid fumes, alcohols is potentially explosive, with release of flammable hydrogen gas. Violent reaction with ethyl-2,2,3-trifluoropropionate.Reacts, possibly violently, with acetylene, dimethylformamide, halogens, ethyl 2,2,3-trifluoropropionate, oxygen, strong oxidizers, sulfur. Incompatible with acetylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerin, halogens, sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with most common extinguishers. On fires, use only Class D extinguishers, or smother with special G-1 powders, dry powdered talc, dry sand, dry clay, dry crushed limestone, dry graphite.
SODIUM MONOIODIDE (7681-82-5) Reacts violently with bromotrifluoride, perchloric acid, perchloryl fluoride, oxidants, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrazine. Incompatible with acrolein, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, mercuric salicylate, mercurous chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, paraldehyde, peroxyfuroic acid, phosphorus pentoxide, silver nitrate, sodium acetylide, sodium borohydride. May sensitize organic azides, hydrazinium perchlorate. SODIUM MONOSULFIDE (1313-82-2) Anhydrous material ignites spontaneously in air. Sensitive to rapidly elevated temperatures, heat above 1688"F/92OoC,or friction; can cause explosive decomposition, forming sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with carbon, N,N-dichloromethylamine, o-nitroaniline. Once moist, can self-ignite upon drying in air. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, aluminum powder, carbon, oxidizers, diazonium salts. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, rn-chlorobenzenediazonium salts, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks light metals: aluminum and steel. SODIUM MONOXIDE (1313-59-3; 12401-86-4) Violent reaction with water, converting to sodium hydroxide. Violent reaction with acids, nitrated materials such as 2,4-dinitrotoluene. Incompatible with nitric oxide, phosphorus(\.') oxide. Aqueous solution is incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, phenols; may undergo exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. SODIUM NITRATE (7631-99-4) Noncombustible, but enhances the combustibility or oxidation rate of many materials; chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures above 7 16"F/380°C cause ignition; explodes above 1000"F/537"C. A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible substances, strong acids, organic substances, powdered metals, alcohols, acetic anhydride, bitumens, ethers, glycols. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, boron phosphide, cyanides, 1,l-dichloro-1-nitroethane,1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, metal cyanides, peroxyfonnic acid, sodium hypophosphite, s-trioxane. Forms heat-, friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organics, powders of aluminum, antimony, magnesium, zirconium, metal amidosulfates, red phosphorus, sodium, sodium phosphinate, sodium thiosulfate. Incompatible with barium thiocyanate, rn-bis(trichlormethy1)benzene.Attacks chemically active metals. SODIUM NITRITE (7632-00-0) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Elevated temperatures cause decomposition, emitting oxygen; explosion above 1000"F/537"C. Contact with moisture causes dissociation; nitrite ions are
1084
SODIUM of CACODYLIC ACID
oxidized to nitrates; also, moist air causes slow oxidation to nitrate. A strong oxidizer, but under certain conditions the material can also act as a strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with reducing agents, strong acids, combustible materials, cellulose, sodium amide. Reacts with acids, acrolein, alcohols, butadiene, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, cyanides, 1,l-dichloro-1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichIoropropene, diethylamine, fuels, glycols, lithium, phthalic acid, powdered metals, s-trioxane, and many other substances. Forms heat- and/or friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with combustible solids, organic substances. Incompatible with ammonium or aminoguanidine salts, barium thiocyanate, rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, mercury cyanide, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, potassium ferricyanide, potassium ferrocyanide, sodium disulfite, sodium nitroferricyanide. sodium thiocyanate, sodium thiosulfate, urea.
SODIUM of CACODYLIC ACID (124-65-2) Reacts with strong acids, emitting arsenic fumes. Corrodes common metals. SODIUM OLEATE (143-19-1) Combustible solid (flash point unknown). Strong oxidizers may cause fire or explosions. Hydrolyzed in water, forming an alkaline solution. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. SODIUM OXYCHLORIDE (7681-52-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A powerful oxidizer and strong base. Violent reaction with strong acids (giving off chlorine gas), reducing agents, combustible substances, organic substances, benzyl cyanide, hydroxylamine. Decomposes in sunlight, producing oxygen with increased risk of fire. Stability is reduced with concentration, heat, light, decrease in pH, and contamination with metals. Contact with amines and ammonia salts produces explosive chloroamines. Reaction with ammonium sulfate forms explosive nitrogen trichloride. Reacts with urea, forming explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrolein, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, rn-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene, cellulose 1,3-dichloropropene, nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, 1 ,I-dichloro-I-nitroethane, diethylamine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, s-trioxane, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes many metals: steel, 12% and 17% chrome steel, cast iron, monel, aluminum, nickel, brass, bronze, iconel, titanium. SODIUM PCP (131-52-2) Reacts with water, forming an alkaline solution. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition with organic acids; hydrogen chloride and phosgene fumes may be evolved. Incompatible with boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum and copper. SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE (1 31-52-2) Reacts with water, forming an alkaline solution. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition
SODIUM PERSULFATE
1085
with organic acids; hydrogen chloride and phosgene fumes may be evolved. Incompatible with boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates. alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum and copper.
SODIUM PENTALCHLOROPHENOL(131-52-2) Reacts with water, forming an alkaline solution. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Decomposition with organic acids; hydrogen chloride and phosgene fumes may be evolved. Incompatible with boranes, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Attacks aluminum and copper. SODIUM PERBORATE (7632-04-4; 1113-47-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Forms an alkaline solution with water. Elevated temperatures above 14O0F/6O"C cause decomposition, emitting oxygen and enhancing the combustion of other materials. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals. Incompatible with acids. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, maleic anhydride, phenols, vinyl acetate.
SODIUM PEROXIDE (1313-60-6) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Reacts slowly with moisture in air, forming sodium hydroxide fumes. Elevated temperatures cause decomposition above 860°F/4600C,emitting oxygen. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, acids, alcohols, aniline, antimony, arsenic, boron, boron nitride, calcium acetylide, ethers, glycols, hexamethylene-tetramine, hydrogen sulfide, powders of light metals, nonmetal halides, potassium, peroxyformic acid, sodium, sodium dioxide, thocyanates. Violent reaction with water, steam, emitting heat and forming caustic sodium hydroxide and oxygen; ignition may occur. Aqueous solution incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Attacks aluminum, copper, its alloys, beryllium, magnesium, tin, zinc. Incompatible with red phosphorus. See also Sodium Hydroxide. Reacts with water-based and halogenated extinguishers, foams. SODIUM PEROXYDISULFATE (7775-27-2) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Reacts slowly with air, forming sodium dioxide and sodium peroxide. Elevated temperatures above 2 12"F/1OOoCcause decomposition, emitting oxygen. A strong oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l -dichloro- 1-nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, s-trioxane. Incompatible with m-bis(trichlormethyl)benzene.
SODIUM PERSULFATE (7775-27-2) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions cause fire and explosions. Reacts slowly with air, forming sodium dioxide and sodium
1086
SODIUM PHOSPHATE
peroxide. Elevated temperatures above 21 2"F/1OO0Ccause decomposition, emitting oxygen. A strong oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,l-dichloro- 1 -nitroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, diethylamine, s-trioxane. Incompatible with rn-bis(trich1ormethyl)benzene.
SODIUM PHOSPHATE (7601-54-9) Reacts with moisture in air, forming sodium carbonate. Aqueous solution is a strong caustic. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and related alloys in the presence of moisture. SODIUM POLYALUMINATE (1302-42-7; 11138-49-1) Aqueous solution is a strong base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorocarbons, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, and zinc. SODIUM-POTASSIUMALLOY or SODIUM-POTASSIUMALLOY, 40-90% POTASSIUM (11135-81-2) Combustible liquid metal alloy. May ignite explosively on contact with moist air. Ignites on contact with water, steam, evolving flammable hydrogen gas, corrosive fumes, high heat, with dangerous spattering of flaming material. Violent reaction with acids or acid fumes, alcohols, carbon dioxide (solid), carbon disulfide, chlorinated solvents, halocarbons, halogens, metal halides or oxides, nitrogen-containing explosives, organic materials, oxalyl bromide, oxalyl chloride, oxidizers, pentachloroethane, potassium oxides, sodium bicarbonate, polytetrafluoroethylene. Forms heat- and impact-sensitve compounds with carbon tetrachloride, mercuric oxide, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane,1 , 1 , I-trichloroethane. Incompatible with
[email protected] extinguish fires, use Class D extinguishers, G-1 powder, dry ground limestone, dry sand, or dry soda ash. SODIUM PYROBORATE (1303-96-4) Aqueous solution is alkaline. Reacts with acids, metallic salts. SODIUM PYROSULFITE (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals. SODIUM RHODANIDE (540-72-7) Exposure to light causes slow decomposition, forming cyanide, sulfur oxides, and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with organic peroxides, nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorates, ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam, nitrates, peroxides, potassium chlorate, potassium iodate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium nitrate. SODIUM SALT of HYDRAZOIC ACID (26628-22-8) Reacts with hot water. Explosive decomposition in elevated temperatures above 525OF1274"C. Forms ultra-sensitive explosive compounds with heavy metals: copper, its alloys, lead, silver, and mercury, carbon disulfide, trifluoroacryloyl fluoride. Violent reaction with acids, forming explosive hydrogen azide. Violent reaction with bromine, barium carbonate, chromyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dibromomalononitrile. Incompatible with caustics, cyanuric chloride, metal oxides, metal sulfides, methyl azide, phosgene.
SODIUM SULFOXYLATE
1087
SODIUM SILICATE (6834-92-0) Violent reaction with fluorine, lithium. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Aqueous solution reacts violently with acids and is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture. SODIUM SULFHYDRATE (16721-80-5) Combustible solid (flash point, 45% solution 73"F/23"C). Hydrolyzes in moist air to sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. Reacts violently with moisture, producing heat, sodium hydrosulfide solution, and hydrogen sulfide fumes; spontaneously combustible. Reacts with acids, acid fumes, forming hydrogen sulfide. Incompatible with acids, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, oxidizers. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture. SODIUM SULFIDE (1313-82-2) Anhydrous material ignites spontaneously in air. Sensitive to rapidly elevated temperatures, heat above 1688"F/92OoC,or friction; can cause explosive decomposition, forming sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with carbon, N,N-dichloromethylamine, o-nitroaniline. Once moist, can self-ignite upon drying in air. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, aluminum powder, carbon, oxidizers, diazonium salts. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, rn-chlorobenzenediazonium salts, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks light metals: aluminum and steel. SODIUM SULFIDE, ANHYDROUS (1313-82-2) Anhydrous material ignites spontaneously in air. Sensitive to rapidly elevated temperatures, heat above 1688"F/92OoC,or fnction; can cause explosive decomposition, forming sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with carbon, N,N-dichloromethylamine, o-nitroaniline. Once moist, can self-ignite upon drying in air. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, aluminum powder, carbon, oxidizers, diazonium salts. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, rn-chlorobenzenediazonium salts, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks light metals: aluminum and steel. SODIUM SULFITE or SODIUM SULFITE or SODIUM SULFITE, ANHYDROUS (7757-83-7) React with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with oxidizers, lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. SODIUM SULFOCYANATE (540-72-7) Exposure to light causes slow decomposition, forming cyanide, sulfur oxides, and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with organic peroxides, nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorates, ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam, nitrates, peroxides, potassium chlorate, potassium iodate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium nitrate. SODIUM SULFOXYLATE (7775-14-6) Combustible solid. Finely dispersed dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. On contact with water, moist air, or steam, emits
1088
SODIUM SULFURET
sulfur dioxide and heat, with risk of spontaneous combustion. Contact with acids produces sulfur dioxide. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction, ignition, or explosion on contact with oxidizers, sodium chlorite. Elevated temperatures above I 22"F/50°C may cause violent thermal decomposition, producing sodium sulfate and sulfur dioxide. When dissolving, always slowly add this material to water.
SODIUM SULFURET (1313-82-2) Anhydrous material ignites spontaneously in air. Sensitive to rapidly elevated temperatures, heat above 1688"F/920°C, or friction; can cause explosive decomposition, forming sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with carbon, N,N-dichloromethylamine, o-nitroaniline. Once moist, can self-ignite upon drying in air. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, aluminum powder. carbon, oxidizers, diazonium salts. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, rn-chlorobenzenediazonium salts, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks light metals: aluminum and steel.
SODIUM SULPHIDE (1313-82-2) Anhydrous material ignites spontaneously in air. Sensitive to rapidly elevated temperatures, heat above 1688"F192O0C,or friction; can cause explosive decomposition, forming sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with carbon, N,N-dichloromethylamine, o-nitroaniline. Once moist, can self-ignite upon drying in air. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, aluminum powder. carbon, oxidizers, diazonium salts. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, m-chlorobenzenediazonium salts, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols. vinyl acetate. Attacks light metals: aluminum and steel.
SODIUM TETRABORATE (1303-96-4) Aqueous solution is alkaline. Reacts with acids, metallic salts.
SODIUM TETRABORATE, ANHYDROUS (1303-96-4) Aqueous solution is alkaline. Reacts with acids. metallic salts.
SODIUM TETRABORATE DECAHYDRATE (1303-96-4) Aqueous solution is alkaline. Reacts with acids, metallic salts.
SODIUM TETRAHYDROBORATE(1-) (16940-66-2) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air; autoignition above 550°F/288"C. Reacts with water, steam, moist air, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, palladium dust, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Violent reaction with acids, forming diborane gas, with the possibility of explosion. Violent reaction with oxidizers, dimethyl formamide, aldehydes, ketones, metal powders, metal salts, sodium hydroxide. Polymerization may be caused by contact with bases, acrylonitrile, sodium borohydride. Forms explosive material that is ultra-sensitive to friction or shock, and moisture-sensitive with salts of ruthenium. Attacks metals. Corrodes glass slowly. SODIUM THIOCYANATE (540-72-7) Exposure to light causes slow decomposition, forming cyanide, sulfur oxides, and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with organic peroxides,
nitric acid. Incompatible with acids, bases, chlorates, ammonia, amines, amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactam, nitrates, peroxides, potassium chlorate, potassium iodate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate. Forms explosive mixture with sodium nitrate.
SODIUM THIOSULFATE (10102-17-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal nitrates, nitrites. Forms explosive product with potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate. Reacts with acids, forming sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogens. SODOTHIOL (10102-17-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal nitrates, nitrites. Forms explosive product with potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate. Reacts with acids, forming sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogens. SOLBAR (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. SOLFARIN (81-81-2) Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Isolate from strong acids, strong bases. SOLFO BLACK B@or SOLFO BLACK 2B SUPRA@or SOLFO BLACK BB@or SOLFO BLACK G@or SOLFO BLACK SB@(51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air.Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SOLFURO di CARBONIO (Italian) (75-15-0) Highly reactive. Shock, friction, or concussion can cause explosive decomposition. May ignite spontaneously on contact with air, or with hot surfaces, releasing toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -22"F/-30°C). Contact with metal oxides can lower ignition point. Its vapor may cause ignition or explosion of finely divided aluminum, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, chlorine, phosphorus oxychloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive with potassium, potassium azide, alloys of potassiudsodium. Ignition or violent reaction with strong oxidizers, releasing sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide, reducing agents, alkali metals, nitrogen oxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aluminum, azides, carbon monoxide, chlorine monoxide, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, halogens, lithium azide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, organic amines, zinc. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber, and coating. May attack copper and its alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SOLUBLE GLASS (6834-92-0) Violent reaction with fluorine, lithium. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Reacts with acids, organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Attacks chemically active metals. SOLUSOL@-75-100% (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/101"C). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
1090
SOLVANOL@
SOLVANOL@(84-66-2) Combustible solid (flash point 242"FlI 17°C). Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidizers, permanganates, nitrates. Attacks some forms of plastic. SOLVANOM@(131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 29S°F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. SOLVARONE@(131-11-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 295"F/146"C). Incompatible with strong alkalis, strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. SOLVENT ETHER (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49"F/ -45°C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (90%), silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SOLVENT NAPHTHA (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"Fl-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SOUFRAMINE (92-84-2) Combustible solid. Mixture with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition and formation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Incompatible with aldehydes, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. SOVOL (1336-36-3) See PCBs. SPECULAR IRON (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. SPERSUL or SPERSUL THIOVIT (7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium
SPRUEHPFLANZOL
1091
nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1,5-dinitronaphthaIene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
SPIRIT of ETHER NITRITE (109-95-5) Thermally unstable. Heat around or above 190°F/88"C can cause explosive decomposition (may not need air or oxygen). Decomposes in air, sunlight, or moisture. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -3loF/-35"C). A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with acids, acid fumes, amines, ammonia, cyanides, reducing agents, other strong oxidizers, salts. SPIRITS of SALT (7647-01-0) Hydrogen chloride gas is quickly absorbed in water, forming hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Violent reaction with bases, strong oxidizers (with release of chlorine gas), acetic anhydride, cesium cyanotridecahydrodecaborate(2-), ethylidine difluoride, hexalithium disilicide, metal acetylides, sodium, silicon dioxide, tetraselenium tetranitride, and many organic materials. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aluminum, aluminum-titanium alloys, aromatic amines, amides, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, metal carbides, oleum, organic anhydrides, perchloric acid, 3-propiolactone, sulfuric acid, uranium phosphide, vinyl acetate, vinylidene fluoride. Attacks most metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. SPIRITS of TURPENTINE (8006-64-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, calcium hypochloride, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, ethylene, nitric acid, tin(1V) chloride. Incompatible with strong acids, chromic anhydride, chromyl chloride, diatomaceous earth, hexachloromelamine, stannic chloride. Attacks ordinary rubber. SPONTOX@(93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 3 16"F/158"C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. SPOTRETE@75 WDG (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. SPRUEHPFLANZOL (German) (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
1092
STAGNO (TETRACLORURO di)
STAGNO (TETRACLORURO di) (Italian) (7646-78-8) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, producing much heat, hydrochloric acid, tin oxide. Violent reaction with bases, oxidizers, organic materials, phenyl azide, silicon tetrahydride. Contact with alcohols, alkyl nitrates, amines, ethylene oxide, potassium, sodium, turpentine may cause fire and explosions. Contact with ethylene oxide may cause violent polymerization. Incompatible with glycidol. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. STAN-MAG@ MAGNESIUM CARBONATE (546-93-0) formaldehyde.
Violent reaction with
STANNIC CHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS (7646-78-8) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, producing much heat, hydrochloric acid, tin oxide. Violent reaction with bases, oxidizers, organic materials, phenyl azide, silicon tetrahydride. Contact with alcohols, alkyl nitrates, amines, ethylene oxide, potassium, sodium, turpentine may cause fire and explosions. Contact with ethylene oxide may cause violent polymerization. Incompatible with glycidol. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. STANNOUS FLUORIDE (7783-47-3) Contact with air forms stannous oxyfluoride. Violent reaction with boron. Contact with acid or acid fumes can produce toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen fluoride. STEAREX@ (57-11-4) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C; molten 410"435"F/21Oo-224"C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks chemically active metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and zinc. STEARIC ACID (57-11-4) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C; molten 410"435"F/21Oo-224"C oc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks chemically active metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and zinc. STEARIC ACID, AMMONIUM SALT (1002-89-7) Combustible solid (flash point 140°F/600C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chlorine trifluoride, magnesium, potassium nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with nitrates. Forms a heat-sensitive explosive with 5-azidotetrazole. Reacts with gold chloride, forming fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with sodium dichloroisocyanurate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. STEARIC ACID, ZINC SALT (557-05-1) Combustible solid (flash point 53OoF/277"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. STEAROPHANIC ACID (57-11-4) Combustible solid (flash point 385"F/196"C; molten 4 I0°~35"F/210"-224"Coc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks chemically active metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and zinc.
STINK DAMP
1093
STEARYL ALCOHOL, CRUDE (112-92-5) Incompatible with alkalis, aliphatic amines, boranes, isocyanates, nitric acid, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, uranium fluoride.
STEARYLDIMETHYLBENZYL-AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (959-55-7) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, emits chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture.
STEINBUHL YELLOW (13765-19-0) A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, boron, chlorine trifluoride, combustible materials, ethers, fluorine, fuels, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, or zirconium, organic substances, peroxyfuroic acid, potassium iodide, sodium acetylide, sodium borohydride, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium tetrahydroborate, zirconium dusts. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heat explosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(S-tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride.
STERICOL (1300-71-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 186"F/86"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers.
STIBIUM (7440-36-0) Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers and acids, especially halogenated acids, producing toxic stibine gas (antimony hydride). Reacts violently with ammonium nitrate, bromine, bromine azide, bromine trifluoride, bromoazide, chloric acid, chlorine, chlorine monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, disulfur dibromide, fluorine, halogens, iodine, iodine pentafluoride, nitrosyl fluoride, nitryl fluoride, potassium dioxide, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium peroxide. Forms explosive N-chlorodimethylamines with chloric and perchloric acid.
STICKDIOXYD (German) (10024-97-2) May form explosive mixture with flammable and reactive gases, including anhydrous ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitryl fluoride, phosphine. Nonflammable but supports combustion; as temperature increases above S72"F/30OoC,it becomes both a strong oxidizer and selfreactive. Pyrophoric at elevated temperatures. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum, ammonia, boron, hydrazine, lithium hydride, sodium, tungsten carbide.
STICKSTOFFDLOXID (German) (10102-44-0) A powerful oxidizer. Reacts with water, forming nitric acid and oxygen. Violent reaction with strong reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, ethers, fluorine, formaldehyde, fuels, nitrobenzene, oxygen difluoride, petroleum, sodium, toluene. Incompatible with combustible materials, red phosphorus, petroleum products. Forms explosive material with propylene. Vapor reacts violently with phospham. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture.
STINK DAMP (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver
1094
STIROLO
fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
STIROLO (Italian) (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/31 "C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 151"F/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. STRONTIUM CHROMATE (7789-06-2) Incompatible with fluorine, hydrazine, zirconium dusts, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride. STRONTIUM CHROMATE(V1) (7789-06-2) Incompatible with fluorine, hydrazine, zirconium dusts, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohydride. STRONTIUM NITRATE (10042-76-9) A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, metal cyanides, thiocyanates, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. STRONTIUM(I1) NITRATE (10042-76-9) A powerful oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, metal cyanides, thiocyanates, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. STRONTIUM YELLOW (7789-06-2) Incompatible with fluorine, hydrazine, zirconium dusts, potassium iodide, sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium borohy dride . STUNTMAN (123-33-1) Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Slightly corrosive to iron and zinc. Decomposes above 5OO0F/26O0C. STYRALLYL ALCOHOL or STYRALYL ALCOHOL (98-85-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OO0F/93"C cc). Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, alkaline earth and alkali metals, strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum.
STYROLENE
1095
STYRENE (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/3I0C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15loF/66"C,oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. STYRENE EPOXIDE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene. STYRENE MONOMER (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/3 1 "C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15loF/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane,peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. STYRENE OXIDE or STYRENE-7,8-OXIDE(96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene. STYROLE (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/3loC). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15I0F/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. STYROLENE (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/31"C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15loF/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tertbutylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate,
1096
STYRON
manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
STYRON (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/31"C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15 loF/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust. catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. STYROPOL (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/31"C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15 1°F/66"C, oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
STYROPOR (100-42-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 88"F/3 l°C). Unless inhibited (often with tert-butylcatechol) in adequate concentrations, polymerization may occur and container may explode. Polymerization can be caused by elevated temperatures above 15loF/66"C. oxidizers, butyl lithium, peroxides, UV light, or sunlight. Violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfuric acid, xenon tetrafluoride. Incompatible with acids, rust, catalysts for vinyl polymerization, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, peroxides, metal salts (e.g., aluminum chloride, copper chlorate, manganese nitrate, etc.). Corrodes copper and its alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. STYRYL OXIDE (96-09-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. Reacts with acids, alkalis, and some salts, possibly causing explosive polymerization. See also Styrene.
SUBCHLORIDE of MERCURY (10112-91-1;7546-30-7) Violent reaction with sodium. Incompatible with alkali chlorides, ammonia, bromides, carbonates, cocaine hydrochloride, cyanides, copper salts, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxides, iodides, iodine, iodoform, lead salts, potassium iodide, silver salts, sulfates, sulfides, sulfites. SUBERANE (291-64-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 43"F/6"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers.
SULFAMIC ACID, MONOAMMONIUM SALT
1097
SUCCINIC ACID (110-15-6) Combustible solid. Dust or powder may form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 455"F/235"C, forming succinic anhydride. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers.
SUCCINIC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER (123-25-1) Combustible liquid (194"F/90°C). Reacts with oxidizers, nitrates.
SUCCINIC ACID, 2,3-DIHYDROXY- (87-69-4) Combustible solid (flash point 4 10°F /2 10°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, 90% hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus trichloride, silver powders or dust. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Aqueous solution reacts with bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. SUCROSE (57-50-1) Violent reaction with ammonium perchlorate, chlorine dioxide, iodine(V) oxide, sodium peroxide. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. Reacts with potassium hydroxide, strong acids, strong oxidizers. SUGAR (57-50-1) Violent reaction with ammonium perchlorate, chlorine dioxide, iodine(V) oxide, sodium peroxide. Forms heat- or shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonium nitrate. Reacts with potassium hydroxide, strong acids, strong oxidizers.
SUGAR of LEAD (301-04-2) Contact with strong acids forms acetic acid. Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, citrates, cresols, chloral hydrate, chlorides, carbonates, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, potassium bromate, phenols, phosphates, resorcinol, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, sulfites, tartrates, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate.
SULFADENE (149-30-4) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 1 162"F/628"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Heat and/or contact with acids or acid fumes cause decomposition and formation of hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen oxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SULFAMATE (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed or on contact with hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 32OoF/160"C,but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction.
SULFAMIC ACID (5329-14-6) Violent reaction with chlorine, nitric acid. Violent reaction with strong bases, chlorine, fuming nitric acid. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; in elevated temperatures, it hydrolyzes to ammonium bisulfate. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, metal nitratednitrites, oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water.
SULFAMIC ACID, MONOAMMONIUM SALT (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed, hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite,
1098
SULFAMINSAEURE
mctal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 32O"F/16O0C,but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction.
SULFAMINSAEURE(German) (7773-06-0) A powerful oxidizer; may cause fire and explosions on contact with combustibles and reducing agents. A spontaneous reaction in hot acid solutions when enclosed, hot water, potassium, sodium, sodium nitrite, metal chlorates. Corrosive to mild steel. The sulfamate will be decomposed by raising temperature to 320°F/160°C, but elevated temperature causes a highly exothermic reaction. p-SULFANILIC ACID (121-57-3) Decomposes on contact with strong acids, forming sulfur trioxide. Aqueous solution is acidic; violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers, vinyl acetate.
SULFANILSAEURE (German) (121-57-3) Decomposes on contact with strong acids, forming sulfur trioxide. Aqueous solution is acidic; violent reaction with strong bases. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, oxidizers, vinyl acetate. SULFATE de CUIVRE (French) (7758-98-7) Violent reaction with strong bases, hydroxylamine, magnesium. Contact with potassium chlorate is potentially explosive. Incompatible with acetylene. Aqueous solution is an acid; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. SULFATE de METHYLE (French) (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/ 83°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
SULFATE de PLOMB (French) (7446-14-2) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium.
SULFATE de ZINC (French) (7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases; evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. SULFATE DIMETHYLIQUE (French) (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/ 83°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
SULFATE MERCURIQUE (French) (7783-35-9) Reacts with water, forming an insoluble mercury and sulfuric acid. Light may cause slow decomposition. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonia, hydrozoic acid, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, red phosphorus, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate, powdered zirconium. Reacts violently with hydrogen chloride above 25OoF/121 "C. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
SULFATO de COBRE
1099
SULFATE of COPPER (7758-98-7) Violent reaction with strong bases, hydroxylamine, magnesium. Contact with potassium chlorate is potentially explosive. Incompatible with acetylene. Aqueous solution is an acid incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. SULFATEP (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. SULFATE TURPENTINE (8006-64-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, calcium hypochloride, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, ethylene, nitric acid, tin(1V) chloride. Incompatible with strong acids, chromic anhydride, chromyl chloride, diatomaceous earth, hexachloromelamine, stannic chloride. Attacks ordinary rubber. SULFATO ALUMINICO (Spanish) (10043-01-3) Forms sulfuric acid with water. Aqueous solution has a violent reaction with bases and many other materials. See also Sulfuric Acid. Dry material is weakly corrosive to carbon steel; aqueous solution attacks aluminum and other metals, forming hydrogen gas. SULFATO AMONICO (Spanish) (7783-20-2) Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Reacts with caustics, forming ammonia. Violent reaction with potassium chlorate. Hot material reacts with nitrates, nitrites, chlorates. Attacks metals. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Mixture with sodium hypochlorite forms unstable explosive nitrogen trichloride. SULFATO BARICO (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. SULFATO CALCICO (Spanish) (7778-18-9) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, diazomethane, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, red phosphorus, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heat explosives. May form explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. SULFATO COBALTOSO (Spanish) (10124-43-3) Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, magnesium. Incompatible with oxidizers, acetylene, potassium chlorate. SULFATO de COBRE (Spanish) (7758-98-7) Violent reaction with strong bases, hydroxylamine, magnesium. Contact with potassium chlorate is potentially explosive. Incompatible with acetylene. Aqueous solution is an acid: incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate.
1100
SULFATO de DIETILO
SULFATO de DIETILO (Spanish) (64-67-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 219"F/ 104°C). Violent reaction with water, forming sulfuric acid and ethanol. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, magnesium. Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, potassium-tert-butoxide. Attacks iron in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas.
SULFATO de DIMETILO (Spanish) (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/ 83°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
SULFATO FERRIC0 (Spanish) (10028-22-5) Light-sensitive. Hygroscopic; hydrolyzed slowly in water, forming acid solution and precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution (often shipped as 73% solution) is incompatible with sulfuric acid, aluminum, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. Corrosive to copper and its alloys, and both mild and galvanized steel.
SULFATO FERROSO (Spanish) (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. SULFATO FERROSO AMONICO (10045-89-3) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, ammonium perchlorate, mercury(I1) dinitrate, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide, tetranitromethane. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heat explosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride.
SULFATO FERROSO HEPTAHIDRO (Spanish) (7782-63-0) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
SULFATO de HIDROXILAMINA (Spanish) (10039-54-0) A strong oxidizer. Heat or friction may cause explosive decomposition. Violent, possibly explosive, reaction occurs with caustics, reducing agents, or combustible materials. Reacts with alkaline materials, forming unstable hydroxylamine; may cause explosive decomposition. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, aluminum, ammonia, alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, isocyanates, magnesium, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin.
SULFATO MAGNESICO (Spanish) (7487-88-9) Violent reaction with magnesium powders, and dusts. Incompatible with aluminum powders, ethoxyethynyl alcohols, strong oxidizers.
SULFIDAL
1101
SULFATO MERCURIC0 (Spanish) (7783-35-9) Reacts with water, forming an insoluble mercury and sulfuric acid. Light may cause slow decomposition. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonia, hydrozoic acid, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, red phosphorus, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate, powdered zirconium. Reacts violently with hydrogen chloride above 25OoF/121"C. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. SULFATO de ZINC (Spanish) (7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases, evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate.
SULFERROUS (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
SULFICYLBIS(METHANE) (67-68-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 203"F/95"C oc). Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and related compounds, p-bromobenzoyl acetanilide, boron compounds, iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids.
SULFIDAL (7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
1102
SULFITE CELLULOSE
SULFITE CELLULOSE (9004-34-6) Reacts with bromine pentafluoride, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium nitrate, fluorine, strong oxidizers. SULFITO BARICO (7787-39-5) Contact with water, steam, acids, or acid fumes can cause decomposition with the formation of toxic and corrosive sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture. SULFITO de PLOMO (Spanish) (1314-87-0) Reacts violently with iodine monochloride, hydrogen peroxide. Incompatible with bromates, chlorates, hydrazinium nitrate, iodates, mercurous chloride, silver azide, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. SULFITO SODICO (Spanish) (1313-82-2) Anhydrous material ignites spontaneously in air. Sensitive to rapidly elevated temperatures, heat above 1688"F192O0C, or friction; can cause explosive decomposition, forming sodium oxide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with carbon, N,N-dichloromethylamine, o-nitroaniline. Once moist, can self-ignite upon drying in air. Reacts with water, forming a strong base. Violent reaction with acids, aluminum powder, carbon, oxidizers, diazonium salts. Aqueous solution is incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, rn-chlorobenzenediazonium salts, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks light metals: aluminum and steel. SULFOCARBOLIC ACID (98-67-9) Reacts with water or steam, evolving heat and fumes of phenol and sulfur oxide. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, alcohols, glycols, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. SULFONIC ACID, MONOCHLORIDE (7790-94-5) A strong oxidizer and strong mineral acid. Dangerously reactive; avoid contact with all other material. Reacts with moist air, forming corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with water, forming strong sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, and dense, corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with bases, reducing agents, combustible materials, acids (explosive reaction with sulfuric acid), acetic anhydride, alcohols, aldehydes, ally1 chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cumene, diisobutylene, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylene glycol, ethylenimine, glyoxal, organic materials, phosphorus, propylene oxide, pyridine, silver nitrate, sodium hydroxide, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, etc. Forms explosive material with cresols, ethyl alcohol. Attacks many metals (including storage containers), forming flammable hydrogen gas. SULFONIMIDE (2425-06-1) Incompatible with acids or acid vapor. Strongly alkaline conditions contribute to instability. SULFONYL CHLORIDE (7791-25-5) Forms corrosive mixture with air. Reacts with water or steam, producing heat and yielding sulfuric acid and hydrogen chloride vapors. Reacts violently with alkalis, alkali metals, dimethyl sulfoxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, lead dioxide, N-methylformamide, red phosphorus. Reacts, possibly violently, with organic substances, strong acids, alcohols, amines, diethyl ether, glycols, peroxides. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, forming hydrogen gas.
SULFUR or SULFUR, MOLTEN or SULFUR, SOLID
1103
SULFORON (7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassiuni perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1 $dinitronaphthalene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
SULFOTEP or SULFOTEPP (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
SULFOTHIORINE (10102-17-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal nitrates, nitrites. Forms explosive product with potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate. Reacts with acids, forming sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogens. SULFOXYL (94-36-0) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 176"F/SO0C). Power, dust, or vapor forms explosive mixture with air. Confined storage of dry chemical may lead to decomposition and explosion. A strong oxidizer; extremely reactive with many substances. An explosive that is sensitive to friction, shock, and heat; may decompose below the melting point of 217"F/103"C. Fire and/or explosions may result from contamination; contact with strong acids, combustible materials, reducing agents, oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, amines, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, ethers, metals, metal oxides, polymerization accelerators, lithium aluminum carbide, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, metallic naphthenates, methyl methacrylate, organic matter, charcoal. May attack some plastics, rubber. and coatings. SULFUR or SULFUR, MOLTEN or SULFUR, SOLID (7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide. lampblack, lead chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium
1104
SULFUR BROMIDE
iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1 ,5-dinitronaphthalene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
SULFUR BROMIDE (13172-31-1) Combustible liquid. Reacts with moisture in air, steam, or oxidizers, emitting fumes of hydrogen bromide and sulfur dioxide. Reacts with water, forming hydrobromic acid and fumes of hydrogen bromide and sulfur dioxide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, potassium. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium, iron sulfide. nickel, red phosphorus. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture.
SULFUR CHLORIDE (10025-67-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 244"F/ 118°C). Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Decomposes in water or steam, producing heat, hydrochloric acid, and fumes of sulfur dioxide, sulfur thiosulfite. hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with chromyl chloride, strong bases, oxides of phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, organic substances. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, phosphorus trichloride, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
SULFUR CHLORIDE (10545-99-0) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with water, emitting heat and forming hydrochloric acid. Decomposes in water or steam, producing heat, hydrochloric acid, and toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetone, aluminum powders, ammonia, amines, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, metal powders, nitric acid, perchloryl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sodium peroxide, toluene. Incompatible with strong bases, oxides of phosphorus, organic substances. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, phosphorus trichloride, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. SULFUR DICHLORIDE (10545-99-0) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with water, emitting heat and forming hydrochloric acid.
SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE
1105
Decomposes in water or steam, producing heat, hydrochloric acid, and toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetone, aluminum powders, ammonia, amines, dimethyl sulfoxide, lead dioxide, metal powders, nitric acid, perchloryl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sodium peroxide, toluene. Incompatible with strong bases, oxides of phosphorus, organic substances. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, phosphorus trichloride, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
SULFUR DIOXIDE or SULFUR DIOXIDE, LIQUIFIED (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or its alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylideammonia, nitryl chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 140°F/60"C, releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals in the presence of moisture. SULFURE de METHYLE (French) (75-18-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 36T-38"C). Reacts with water, steam, acids, acid fumes, producing hydrogen sulfide fumes, which can explode in air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorobenzenediazonium salts, mercurous chloride. Incompatible with zinc acetate. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SULFURETTED HYDROGEN (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
SULFUR FLUORIDE (2551-62-4) Hydrolyzes in hot water, forming hydrofluoric acid. Violent reaction with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, disilane, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium.
SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE (2551-62-4) Hydrolyzes in hot water, forming hydrofluoric acid. Violent reaction with chromyl chloride, diethylzinc, dimethyl sulfoxide, disilane, lead dioxide, nitric acid, red phosphorus, potassium, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with hexafluoroi sopropylideneaminolithium.
1106
SULFUR HYDRIDE
SULFUR HYDRIDE (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SULFUR HYDROXIDE (7783-06-4) A highly flammablc and rcactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SULFURIC ACID (7664-93-9) A strong oxidizer and strong acid. Reacts with water or steam. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, alkalis, ammonium tetraperoxo chromate, aniline, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, isoprene, mesityl oxide, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester, perchlorates, sodium carbonate, zinc chlorate. Reacts, possibly causing ignition or explosion, with many substances, including nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids, bases, reducing agents, acetic anhydride, acetone cyanhydrin, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylates, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, substituted allyls, Zaminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, bromine pentafluoride, n-butyralde-hyde, caprolactum solution, carbides, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorates, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, cuprous nitride, diisobutylene, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, ethyleneimine, fulminates, glycols, hydrochloric acid, iodine heptafluoride, iron, isocyanates, ketones, lithium silicide, mercuric nitride, 2-methyllactonitrile, powdered metals, nitric acid, p-nitrotoluene, pentasilver trihydroxydiamino phosphate, perchloric acid, phenols, phosphorus, picrates, potassium teut-butoxide, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate, 6-propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, rubidium acetylene, silver permanganate, sodium, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, styrene monomer, zinc phosphide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole, 2-aminothiazole, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metals; may produce flammable hydrogen gas. When diluting, do not add water to acid. With proper precautions, slowly add acid to water. SULFURIC ACID, ALUMINUM SALT (10043-01-3) Forms sulfuric acid with water. Aqueous solution has a violent reaction with bases and many other materials. See also Sulfuric Acid. Dry material is weakly corrosive to carbon steel; aqueous solution attacks aluminum and other metals, forming hydrogen gas. SULFURIC ACID, AMMONIUM IRON(I1) SALT (10045-89-3) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, ethers, fluorine, hydraLine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium,
SULFURIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER
1107
ammonium perchlorate, mercury(I1) dinitrate, peroxyfuroic acid, sodium acetylide, tetranitromethane. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heat explosives. Forms explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene.Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride.
SULFURIC ACID, AMMONIUM NICKEL@) SALT (15699-18-0) Reacts violently with carbon dust, potassium, finely divided aluminum, magnesium. Incompatible with strong acids, selenium, sulfur. SULFURIC ACID, BARIUM SALT (7727-43-7) Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium acetylide, finely divided carbon, aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and possibly other active metals, especially in the presence of elevated temperatures. Incompatible with potassium, phosphorus. SULFURICACID, CALCIUM SALT (7778-18-9) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, diazomethane, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, red phosphorus, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock and heat explosives. May form explosive materials with 1,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triiazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride . SULFURIC ACID, COBALT(I1) SALT (10124-43-3) Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, magnesium. Incompatible with oxidizers, acetylene, potassium chlorate. SULFURICACID, COPPER(I1) SALT (7758-98-7) Violent reaction with strong bases, hydroxylamine, magnesium. Contact with potassium chlorate is potentially explosive. Incompatible with acetylene. Aqueous solution is an acid; incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. SULFURIC ACID, DIAMMONIUM SALT (7783-20-2) Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Reacts with caustics, forming ammonia. Violent reaction with potassium chlorate. Hot material reacts with nitrates, nitrites, chlorates. Attacks metals. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, aliphatic mines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Mixture with sodium hypochlorite forms unstable explosive nitrogen trichloride. SULFURICACID, DIETHYL ESTER (64-67-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 219"F/ 104°C).Violent reaction with water, forming sulfuric acid and ethanol. Violent reaction with powdered aluminum, magnesium. Vigorous reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, strong alkalis, nitrates, potassium-tert-butoxide. Attacks iron in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. SULFURIC ACID, DIMETHYL ESTER (77-78-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 182"F/83"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong alkalis, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, barium chlorite, sodium azide. Incompatible with strong ammonia solutions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1108
SULFURIC ACID, IRON SALT
SULFURIC ACID, IRON SALT (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
SULFURIC ACID, IRON(I1) SALT (7720-78-7) Aqueous solution is strongly acidic. Reacts violently with strong bases. Incompatible with strong oxidizers. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate.
SULFURIC ACID, IRON(II1) SALT (10028-22-5) Light-sensitive. Hygroscopic; hydrolyzed slowly in water, forming acid solution and precipitating hydroxide and phosphate salts. Violent reaction with strong bases. Aqueous solution (often shipped as 73% solution) is incompatible with sulfuric acid, aluminum, caustics, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, vinyl acetate. Corrosive to copper, its alloys, and both mild and galvanized steel.
SULFURIC ACID, LEAD(I1) SALT (7446-14-2) Reacts violently with carbon dust, finely divided aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, potassium.
SULFURIC ACID, MERCURY@) SALT (7783-35-9) Reacts with water, forming an in-
soluble mercury and sulfuric acid. Light may cause slow decomposition. Incompatible with aluminum, ammonia, hydrozoic acid, magnesium, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate. red phosphorus, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate, powdered zirconium. Reacts violently with hydrogen chloride above 25O0F/121"C.Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
SULFURIC ACID mixed with SULFUR TRIOXIDE (8014-95-7) A powerful oxidizer and strong acid. Violent reaction when water is added to concentrated acid. To dilute, always add acid to water; heat will be generated. Reacts with air, producing corrosive fumes. Violently reaction with reducing agents, bases, combustible materials, organic materials, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alcohols, ally1 chloride, 2-amino ethanol, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cresol, n-butyraldehyde, carbides, cast iron, chlorates, cresol, epichlorohydrin, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene imine, fulminates, glycols, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid, hydracrylonitrile, hydrogen fluoride, (hydr0xyimino)cyclohexane, isoprene, mesityl oxide, metallic powders, methyl ethyl ketone, nitric acid, 2-nitropropane, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, P-propiolacetone, propylene oxide, pyridine, sodium hydroxide, sulfolane, styrene monomer, 2,4,4-trimethyl pentene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride. Reacts vigorously with metals (powders will ignite), releasing flammable hydrogen. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings on brief contact. SULFURIC ACID, ZINC SALT (7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases, evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate.
SULFURO CALCICO
1109
SULFURIC CHLOROHYDRIN (7790-94-5) A strong oxidizer and strong mineral acid. Dangerously reactive; avoid contact with all other material. Reacts with moist air, forming corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with water, forming strong sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, and dense, corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with bases, reducing agents, combustible materials, acids (explosive reaction with sulfuric acid), acetic anhydride, alcohols, aldehydes, ally1 chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cumene, diisobutylene, ethers, ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylene glycol, ethylenimine, glyoxal, organic materials, phosphorus, propylene oxide, pyridine, silver nitrate, sodium hydroxide, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, etc. Forms explosive material with cresols, ethyl alcohol. Attacks many metals (including storage containers), forming flammable hydrogen gas.
SULFURIC ETHER (60-29-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -49"F/ -45°C). Able to form unstable peroxides on prolonged exposure to air. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, boron triazide, chromium oxide, halogenated compounds, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, sodium peroxide, sulfur, sulfur compounds, trimethylthallium. Forms explosive compound with hydrogen peroxide (go%), silver perchlorate, triethynyl aluminum. Incompatible with sulfuryl chloride. Can form unstable peroxides in storage; peroxides are heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
SULFURIC OXIDE (7446-11-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions; enhances the combustion of other substances. Attracts water from many organic substances, creating heat with possible ignition or explosion. Can produce sulfuric acid fumes in moist air. Reacts violently with water or steam, producing sulfuric acid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, organic substances, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, diphenylmercury, dioxygen difluoride, formamide, iodine, lead oxide, metal oxides, nitryl chloride, perchloric acid, red phosphorus, pyridine, sulfuric acid, tetrafluorethylene. Incompatible with many substances, including strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, metal oxides, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, dimethyl sulfoxide, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, phenols, vinyl acetate. Stabilize with an inhibitor to prevent a potentially explosive change in the vapor pressure of this material. Never add water directly to this material. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, yielding flammable hydrogen.
SULFURIC OXYCHLORIDE (7791-25-5) Forms corrosive mixture with air. Reacts with water or steam, producing heat and yielding sulfuric acid and hydrogen chloride vapors. Reacts violently with alkalis, alkali metals, dimethyl sulfoxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, lead dioxide, N-methylforniamide, red phosphorus. Reacts, possibly violently, with organic substances, strong acids, alcohols, amines, diethyl ether, glycols, peroxides. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, forming hydrogen gas. SULFURO BARICO (Spanish) (21109-95-5) Contact with acid, acid fumes, moisture, steam, or moist air causes decomposition with the formation of toxic and flammable hydrogen sulfide gas. Evolved gas can form explosive mixtures with air, and may cause spontaneous ignition or explosion. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, calcium chlorate, calcium nitrate, chlorine dioxide, strontium chlorate, strontium nitrate.
SULFURO CALCICO (Spanish) (20548-54-3) Reacts with moist air, water, steam, acids, producing toxic and flammable hydrogen sulfide gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers,
1110
SULFURO de CADMIO
chlorates, nitrates, lead dioxide with risk of fire and explosion. Explosive reaction with potassium nitrate, potassium chlorate.
SULFURO de CADMIO (Spanish) (1306-23-6) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, iodine chloride. Contact with water, steam, or acids evolves explosive hydrogen sulfide vapors. SULFURO de DIETILO (Spanish) (352-93-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/- IOOC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with water, steam, acid, acid fumes causes decomposition, forming hydrogen sulfide. May be able to form unstable peroxides in storage. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SULFURO de HIDROGENO (Spanish) (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazoniumchloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Attacks many metals. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SULFURO POTASICO (Spanish) (1312-73-8) Extremely flammable solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Unstable; may spontaneously ignite or explode in air, or if subjected to shock, friction, concussion, or rapid heating. Reacts with water, forming potassium hydroxide. Decomposes on contact with acids, producing hydrogen sulfide. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers (producing sulfur dioxide), nitrogen oxide. The aqueous solution is a strong base; it reacts violently with acids. Incompatible with alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, glycols, maleic anhydride, phenols. SULFUROUS ACID ANHYDRIDE (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or its alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylide-ammonia, nitryl chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 140°F/600C, releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides. ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals in the presence of moisture.
SULFUROUS ACID, MONOSODIUM SALT (7631-90-5) Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on contact with air. Reactions with oxidizers or acids produce sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks many metals.
SULFUR OXIDE
1111
SULFUROUS ACID, SODIUM SALT (7757-83-7) React with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with oxidizers, lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate.
SULFUROUS ANHYDRIDE (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or its alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylide-ammonia, nitryl chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 1 40°F/600C, releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals in the presence of moisture.
SULFUROUS OXIDE (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or its alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylide-ammonia, nitryl chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 140"F/60°C, releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals in the presence of moisture. SULFUR OXIDE (7446-09-5) Noncombustible liquefied gas. Contact with air forms hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent reaction with water or steam, forming sulfurous acid. Reacts violently with acrolein, alcohols, aluminum powder, alkali metals, amines, bromine pentafluoride, caustics, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorates, chlorine trifluoride, chromium powder, copper or its alloy powders, diethylzinc, fluorine, lead dioxide, lithium acetylene carbide, diamino-, metal powders, monolithium acetylide-ammonia, nitryl chloride, potassium acetylene carbide, potassium acetylide, potassium chlorate, rubidium carbide, silver azide, sodium, sodium acetylide, stannous oxide. Decomposes in elevated temperatures above 14O0F/6OoC, releasing oxides of sulfur. Incompatible with alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, cesium monoxide, epichlorohydrin, ferrous oxide, halogens, interhalogens, isocyanates, lithium nitrate, manganese, metal acetylides, metal oxides, perbromyl fluoride, red phosphorus, potassium azide, rubidium acetylyde, sodium hydride, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Attacks metals, especially chemically active metals in the presence of moisture.
1112
SULFUR PHOSPHIDE
SULFUR PHOSPHIDE (1314-80-3) Combustible solid (autoignition temperature 287"F/14IoC). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air; in moist air may ignite spontaneously. Violent decomposition in water, water mist, steam, acids, alcohols, or glycols, evolving heat, hydrogen sulfide, and phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alcohols, alkalis, alkali metals, ethylene glycol, organic acids, organic materials. Reaction with strong alkalis may also release phosphine gas. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin; may increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
SULFUR TRIOXIDE or SULFUR TRIOXIDE, STABILIZED (7446-11-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions; enhances the combustion of other substances. Attracts water from many organic substances, creating heat with possible ignition or explosion. Can produce sulfuric acid fumes in moist air. Reacts violently with water or steam, producing sulfuric acid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, organic substances, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, diphenylmercury, dioxygen difluoride, formamide, iodine, lead oxide, metal oxides, nitryl chloride, perchloric acid, red phosphorus, pyridine, sulfuric acid, tetrafluorethylene. Incompatible with many substances, including strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, metal oxides, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, dimethyl sulfoxide, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, phenols, vinyl acetate. Stabilize with an inhibitor to prevent a potentially explosive change in the vapor pressure of this material. Never add water directly to this material. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, yielding flammable hydrogen. SULFURYL CHLORIDE (7791-25-5) Forms corrosive mixture with air. Reacts with water or steam, producing heat and yielding sulfuric acid and hydrogen chloride vapors. Reacts violently with alkalis, alkali metals, dimethyl sulfoxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, lead dioxide, N-methylformamide, red phosphorus. Reacts, possibly violently, with organic substances, strong acids, alcohols, amines, diethyl ether, glycols, peroxides. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, forming hydrogen gas. SULKOL (7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylainc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide. potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide,
SULPHUR
1113
calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
SULOUREA (62-56-6) Aqueous solution is a base. Violent reaction with acrolein, strong acids. Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, metal salts. Aqueous solution incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, hydrogen peroxide, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. SULPHAMIC ACID (5329-14-6) Violent reaction with chlorine, nitric acid. Violent reaction with strong bases, chlorine, fuming nitric acid. Aqueous solution is a strong acid; in elevated temperatures, it hydrolyzes to ammonium bisulfate. Incompatible with alkylene oxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, metal nitratednitrites, oxidizers, vinyl acetate, water.
SULPHEIMIDE (2425-06-1) Reacts with acids or acid vapor. Strongly alkaline conditions contribute to instability.
SULPHOCARBONIC ANHYDRIDE (75-15-0) Highly reactive. Shock, friction, or concussion can cause explosive decomposition. May ignite spontaneously on contact with air, or with hot surfaces, releasing toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -22"F/-3OoC). Contact with metal oxides can lower ignition point. Its vapor may cause ignition or explosion of finely divided aluminum, dichlorine oxide, fluorine, chlorine, phosphorus oxychloride. Forms impact-sensitive explosive with potassium, potassium azide, alloys of potassiudsodium. Ignition or violent reaction with strong oxidizers, releasing sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide, reducing agents, alkali metals, nitrogen oxide. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, aluminum, azides, carbon monoxide, chlorine monoxide, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, halogens, lithium azide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, organic amines, zinc. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber, and coating. May attack copper and its alloys. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. SULPHOS (56-38-2) Combustible liquid. Rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Mixtures with endrin may be explosive. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, or coatings. SULPHUR (7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride. chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead
1114
SULPHURIC ACID
chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction-, impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
SULPHURIC ACID (7664-93-9) A strong oxidizer and strong acid. Reacts with water or steam. Reacts violently with many substances, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, alkalis, ammonium tetraperoxo chromate, aniline, 1,2-ethanediamine, ethanolamine, isoprene, mesityl oxide, endo-2-norbornanecarboxylicacid ethyl ester, perchlorates, sodium carbonate, zinc chlorate. Reacts, possibly causing ignition or explosion, with many substances, including nonoxidizing mineral acids, organic acids, bases, reducing agents, acetic anhydride, acetone cyanhydrin, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylates, acrylonitrile, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, substituted allyls, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, bromine pentafluoride, n-butyraldehyde, caprolacturn solution, carbides, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorine trifluoride, chlorates, chlorosulfonic acid, cresols, cuprous nitride, diisobutylene, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, ethyleneimine, fulminates, glycols, hydrochloric acid, iodine heptafluoride, iron, isocyanates, ketones, lithium silicide, mercuric nitride, 2-methyllactonitrile, powdered metals, nitric acid, p-nitrotoluene, pentasilver trihydroxydiamino phosphate, perchloric acid, phenols, phosphorus, picrates, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate, fi-propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, rubidium acetylene, silver permanganate, sodium, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, styrene monomer, zinc phosphide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Incompatible with 2-amino-5nitrothiazole, 2-aminothiazole, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with metals; may produce flammable hydrogen gas. When diluting, do not add water to acid. With proper precautions, slowly add acid to water. SUNATIPIC ACID-B or SUNATIPIC ACID-C (1338-24-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 3OO0F/149"Coc). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Generally corrosive to metals. SUPERCEL 3000@(57-13-6) Heat or contact with hot surfaces forms anhydrous ammonia and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, inorganic chlorides,
SYSTOX@
1115
chlorites, chromyl chloride, dichromates, dicyanofurazan, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, lead dioxide, nitrates, nitrites, permanganates, perchlorates, triethylenetetramine. Ignition or explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate, chromyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride. Contact with hexanitroethane, perchloryl fluoride, sodium perchlorate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, hypochlorites, and other chlorinating agents can form the highly explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with oxalic acid, phosphorus pentachloride, sodium dichlorocyanurate.
SYSTEMOX@(8065-48-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90-1 13"FI 3 2 4 5 ° C in xylene solvent). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics. SYSTOX@(8065-48-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 90-1 1 3 " F / 3 2 4 " C in xylene solvent). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, caustics.
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T 2,4,5-T, ACID (93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 316"F/15S°C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
TALLEOL or TALLOL (8002-26-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 380°F/193"C). Water contact causes foaming. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. TALL OIL, FATTY ACID (8002-26-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 38OoF/193"C). Water contact causes foaming. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. TALLOW BENZYL DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (959-55-7) Combustible liquid (flash point unknown). Incompatible with strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition or on contact with acids or acid fumes, emits chloride fumes. Attacks austenitic stainless steels and other metals in the presence of moisture. TANOL SECONDAIRE (French) (78-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 75"F/4"C). Forms an unstable peroxide product in air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromium trioxide. Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide. pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings.
TAP 85 (58-89-9) Noncombustible; however, the commercial product may be dissolved in a flammable solvent. The flash point will depend on the solvent used. If this material comes into contact with oxidizers, fire and explosions may result. Incompatible with aluminum, potassium, sodium. Corrosive to metals.
TAR ACIDS (1319-77-3) Combustible solid or liquid (flash point > 178"F/>8I0C). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid (oleum). Liquid attacks most plastics and rubber, although butyl rubber and Teflon@have high resistance to permeation. Attacks many metals. TARAPACAITE (7789-00-6) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many substances, including combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, finely divided metals,
1117
1118
TAR CAMPHOR
fluorine, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium, potassium iodide, sodium borohydride, sodium bromide, sodium tetrdborate and its decahydrate, zirconium dusts. Mixtures with acid form potassium dichromate. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with many substances, including ammonium nitrate, 5-azidotetrazole, diazirine-3,3-dicarboxylic acid, organic solids.
TAR CAMPHOR (91-20-3) Combustible solid (flash point 174"F/79"C). Dust, powder, or vapors form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dinitrogen pentaoxide, chromium trioxide. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TARLON XB@(105-60-2) Combustible solid (flash point 230°F/1 10°C). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. TARTARIC ACID or L-TARTARICACID (87-69-4) Combustible solid (flash point 41 OoF/2IOOC). React violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, 90% hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus trichloride, silver powders or dust. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Aqueous solution reacts with bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. TARTARIC ACID, COPPER SALT (815-82-7) Acetylene and nitromethane may cause formation of explosive compounds. TBA (75-64-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/-9"C). A weak base. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo- 1,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TBA (75-65-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 52"F/1 l T ) . Violent reaction with oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchloric acid, etc.). Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TBA (102-82-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 187"F/83"C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Reacts with tetrachloroethylene carbonate, forming phosgene gas. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, mercury, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc.
TECANE
1119
TBT orp-TBT (98-51-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/67"C). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TCE (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: magnesium; titanium; aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. TCE (71-55-6) Combustible at higher temperatures, above 99S°F/S35"C. Forms explosive mixture with air (range 7.5-12.5% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong caustics, strong oxidizers, acetone, sodium, amides, chemically active metals, metal powders of aluminum, bronze, copper, magnesium, manganese, sodium, zinc, and their alloys, liquid and gaseous oxygen, aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, trimethyl aluminum. Mixtures with potassium or its alloys are shock-sensitive. Mixtures with nitrogen tetroxide are explosive. Contact with hot metal or exposure to UV radiation will cause decomposition, forming hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and dichloroacetylene gasses. Reacts slowly with water, releasing corrosive hydrochloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. The uninhibited grade is corrosive to aluminum. Attacks aluminum and its alloys, other metals, especially in the presence of moisture. TCE (79-34-5) Exposure to heat, light, air, moisture causes gradual decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride. Reacts with strong caustics such as potassium hydroxide, forming explosive dichloroacetylene gas. Reacts violently with chemically active metals, sodium amide, bromoform, 2,4-dinitrophenyl disulfide, potassium, sodium, finely divided sodium-potassium alloy. Contact with nitrogen tetroxide may cause explosion. In the presence of steam, contact with hot iron, aluminum, or zinc may cause formation of toxic vapors, including hydrogen chloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture and heat. TEABERRY OIL (119-36-0) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong oxidizers. TECANE (76-03-9) The aqueous solution is a strong acid. Generally stable if moisture is not present. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. Corrosive to metals, including iron, zinc, and aluminum.
1120
TECHNETIUM TC 99M SULFUR COLLOID@
TECHNETIUM TC 99M SULFUR COLLOID@(7704-34-9) Combustible solid (flash point 405"F/207"C). Finely divided dry material forms explosive mixture with air. The vapor reacts violently with lithium carbide. Reacts violently with many substances, including strong oxidizers, aluminum powders, boron, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbides, cesium, chlorates, chlorine dioxide, chlorine trifluoride, chromic acid, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, diethylzinc, fluorine, halogen compounds, hexalithium disilicide, lampblack, lead chlorite, lead dioxide, lithium, powdered nickel, nickel catalysts, red phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide, potassium, potassium chlorite, potassium iodate, potassium peroxoferrate, rubidium acetylide, ruthenium tetraoxide, sodium, sodium chlorite, sodium peroxide, tin, uranium, zinc, zinc(I1) nitrate, hexahydrate. Forms heat-, friction,impact-, and shock-sensitive explosive or pyrophoric mixtures with ammonia, ammonium nitrate, barium bromate, bromates, calcium carbide, charcoal, hydrocarbons, iodates, iodine pentafluoride, iodine pentoxide, iron, lead chromate, mercurous oxide, mercury nitrate, mercury oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, inorganic perchlorates, potassium bromate, potassium nitride, potassium perchlorate, silver nitrate, sodium hydride, sulfur dichloride. Incompatible with barium carbide, calcium, calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, chromates, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene, hafnium, indium, iodates, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorate, lithium acetylide, mercury oxide, mercuric nitrate, palladium, potassium permanganate, silver bromate, silver chlorate, silver oxide, sodium, strontium carbide, thallium oxide, thorium, thorium dicarbide. Attacks copper, mercury, silver. Molten material reacts with air, forming sulfur dioxide, and with hydrogen, forming hydrogen sulfide. Molten materials react with hydrocarbons, forming carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide; explosion may occur. May accumulate static electrical charges; may cause ignition of its vapors.
TECQUINOLO (123-31-9) Combustible solid (flash point 329"F/I 65°C cc). A reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, caustics, sodium hydroxide. May explode on contact with oxygen gas. May be oxidized to quinone at room temperatures in the presence of moisture.
TECZA@(112-24-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 275OF1135"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base (pH 10 in 1% aqueous solution). Reacts with nitrogen-containing compounds; may cause violent decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffins, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, halons, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide. phenols, urea, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt. copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
TEDP or TEDTP (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium. silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
TEFLON@MONOMER (116-14-3) Highly reactive, thermally unstable, flammable gas (flash point 81 "C). Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, aliphatic amines, amides, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid (oleum). Liquid attacks most plastics and rubber, although butyl rubber and Teflon@have high resistance to permeation. Attacks many metals. TEKWAISA@(298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115"F/ 46°C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endrin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution; a storage hazard; an explosive risk; decomposes violently at 122"F/5OoC.Attacks rubber and polyethylene plastics. 1,l'-TELLUROBISETHANE (627-54-3) Pyrophoric liquid. Thermally unstable. Contact with moist air causes spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, methanol, halogens, strong oxidizers. TELLURIUM (13494-80-9) Finely divided powder or dust may be flammable and explosive. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine pentafluoride, halogens, interhalogens, iodine pentafluoride, hexalithium disilicide, lithium silicide, nitrosyl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, sodium peroxide, sulfur, zinc. Incompatible with cadmium, cesium, hafnium, strong bases, chemically active metals, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorite, lead oxide, mercury oxides, nitric acid, peroxyformic acid, platinum, silver bromate/iodate/ fluoride, nilryl fluoride, sodium nitrate. TELLURIUM ETHIDE (627-54-3) Pyrophoric liquid. Thermally unstable. Contact with moist air causes spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, methanol, halogens, strong oxidizers. TELLURIUM ETHYL (627-54-3) Pyrophoric liquid. Thermally unstable. Contact with moist air causes spontaneous ignition. Violent reaction with water, steam, methanol, halogens, strong oxidizers. TELLURIUM HEXAFLUORIDE (7783-80-4) Hydrolyzes slowly in water to telluric acid. Contact with acids, acid fumes emits fumes of fluorine and tellurium. TELURIO (Spanish) (13494-80-9) Finely divided powder or dust may be flammable and explosive. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine pentafluoride, halogens, interhalogens, iodine pentafluoride, hexalithium disilicide, lithium silicide, nitrosyl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, sodium peroxide, sulfur, zinc. Incompatible with cadmium, cesium, hafnium, strong bases, chemically active metals, iodic acid, iodine oxide, lead chlorite, lead oxide, mercury oxides, nitric acid, peroxyformic acid, platinum, silver bromateliodatel fluoride, nitryl fluoride, sodium nitrate.
1122
TELONE@
TELONE@(Dow) (542-75-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, active metals, aluminum or magnesium compounds, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkaline materials. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TELONE I1 SOIL FUMIGANT@(542-75-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, oxidizers, active metals, aluminum or magnesium compounds, aliphatic amities, alkanolamines, alkaline materials. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TENOXa 2 (Eastman) (57-55-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 2 1OoF/99"Coc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. TENTACHLORURE d'ANTIMOINE (French) (7647-18-9) Decomposes on contact with acids, water, or other forms of moisture, producing fumes of hydrogen chloride and antimony pentoxide. Violent reaction with alkalis, ammonia. Decomposes in heat above 17loF/77"C, forming chlorine and antimony trichloride. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture, forming explosive hydrogen gas. Reacts with air, forming heavier-than-air corrosive vapors. TEPP (107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300"F/15OoC can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. TERABOL (74-83-9) Combustible gas, but not easily ignited; it has narrow flammability limits in air (10-16% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts with water. Attacks aluminum to form pyrophoric alkyl aluminum salts. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, metals, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene oxide, water. Attacks zinc, magnesium, alkali metals, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TERCYL (63-25-2) Combustible solid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Decomposes below boiling point. TEREBENTHINE (French) (8006-64-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, calcium hypochloride, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, ethylene, nitric acid, tin(1V) chloride. Incompatible with strong acids, chromic anhydride, chromyl chloride, diatomaceous earth, hexachloromelamine, stannic chloride. Attacks ordinary rubber. TEREFTALATO de DIMETILO (Spanish) (120-61-6) Combustible solid (286"F/ 141"C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, and may cause ignition of flammable vapors or dust.
TERTAL D@
1123
TEREPHTHALICACID, DIMETHYL ESTER or TEREPHTHALICACID, METHYL ESTER (120-61-6) Combustible solid (286"F/141°C). The dust or powder forms an explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity, and may cause ignition of flammable vapors or dust. TERETON (79-20-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 14"F/- 10°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. Contact with acids or bases causes decomposition with formation of methanol. Incompatible with nitrates. Attacks some plastics. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TERGITOL NONIONIC TMN@(9008-57-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 470°F/ 243°C oc). Presumed to form unstable peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids, acyl halides. TERMITKIL@(95-50-1) See Dichlorobenzenes. TERM-I-TROL@(87-86-5) Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric acid, chlorinated phenols, and carbon monoxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, butadiene. Attacks light metals in the presence of moisture. TERPENTIN OEL (German) (8006-64-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/35"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, calcium hypochloride, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, ethylene, nitric acid, tin(1V) chloride. Incompatible with strong acids, chromic anhydride, chromyl chloride, diatomaceous earth, hexachloromelamine, stannic chloride. Attacks ordinary rubber. TERPLNENE (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A-1,8-TERPODIENEor y-1,S-TERPODIENE (138-86-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 109"F/42"C). Unless inhibited, unstable peroxides may be formed in storage, with possible polymerization. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TERSAN@(137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. TERSAN 1991@(17804-35-2) Heat, water, strong acids, and strong alkalis can cause decomposition and formation of toxic oxides of nitrogen. TERTAL D@(106-50-3) Combustible solid (flash point 312"F/156"C). A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes. Contact with red fuming nitric acid may cause fire. Oxidizes in air and light; crystals become dark.
1124
TERTROSULPHUR BLACK PB@
TERTROSULPHUR BLACK PB@ (51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
TERTROSULSULPHURPBR@(51-28-5) A strong oxidizer. Dry material is an explosive (usually moistened with at least 15% water). Explosion can be caused by heat, friction, or shock. Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, acid anhydrides, combustible materials may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive salts with anhydrous ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. Keep away from dehydrating agents. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TETA (112-24-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F1135"C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base (pH 10 in 1% aqueous solution). Reacts with nitrogen-conkdining compounds; may cause violent decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffins, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, halons, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide, phenols, urea, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
TETAN (509-14-8) Combustible liquid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C cc). A powerful oxidizer. Thermally, highly unstable, impact-sensitive high explosive. Violent reaction with aniline. May ignite andor react explosively with many substances, including other strong oxidizers, amines, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, finely divided metals, other explosive materials. Combustible organic matter wetted with this chemical may be highly explosive and susceptible to elevated temperatures and mild shock. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with hydrocarbons, alkalis, metal powders such as aluminum, dinitromethane, nitrobenzenes, nitronaphthalene, nitrotoluenes, toluene. Incompatible with chemically active metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. May be shipped and stored in refrigeration.
O,O,O',O'-TETRAAETHYL-BIS(DITHI0PHOSPHAT) (German) (563-12-2) Slowly oxidized in air. Incompatible with alkaline formulations, perchloric acid. Mixtures with magnesium may be explosive. Attacks natural rubber. O,O,O,O-TETRAAETHYL-DIPHOSPHAT, TETRACAP (German)
(127-18-4) Decomposes slowly on contact with water or moisture, forming trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with concentrated nitric acid (produces carbon dioxide), strong oxidizers, strong alkalis, powdered, chemically active metals such as aluminum, barium, beryllium, lithium, and zinc. Incompatible with nitrogen tetroxide, finely divided metals. Decomposes in UV light, on contact with red-hot metals, and in temperatures above 302"F/l 50°C, releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and phosgene. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture.
s-TETRABROMOETHANE or sym-TETRABROMOETHANE
1125
1,4,7,10-TETRAAZADECANE (112-24-3) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"Fl 135°C). Aqueous solution is a strong organic base (pH 10 in I % aqueous solution). Reacts with nitrogen-containing compounds; may cause violent decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitroparaffins, nitrogen tetroxide, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, halons, halogenated hydrocarbons, isocyanates, ketones, nitrates, nitrogen tetroxide, phenols, urea, vinyl acetate. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, methyl trichloroacetate. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
3,6,9,12-TETRAAZATETRADECANE-l,l4-DIAMINE(4067-16-7) Combustible
liquid (flash point 347"-405"F/17So-207"C cc). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks chemically active metals.
TETRABIS(ISOPROP0XY)TITANIUM (546-68-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 72"F/22"C). Reacts with water, steam, forming vapors that are toxic and flammable. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. 1,1,2,2-TETRABROMAETHAN (German) (79-27-6) Decomposes above 374"F/19OoC; the presence of halogens and heavy metal derivatives may increase the sensitivity of this material. Reacts with alkalis, oxidizers, chemically active metals. Hot iron, aluminum, or zinc in the presence of steam may produce toxic vapors. Softens or destroys most plastics and rubbers. TETRABROMOACETYLENE(79-27-6) Decomposes above 374"F/19OoC;the presence of halogens and heavy metal derivatives may increase the sensitivity of this material. Reacts with alkalis, oxidizers, chemically active metals. Hot iron, aluminum, or zinc in the presence of steam may produce toxic vapors. Softens or destroys most plastics and rubbers. 1,1,2,2-TETRABROMOETANO (Italian) (79-27-6) Decomposes above 374"Fl 190°C; the presence of halogens and heavy metal derivatives may increase the sensitivity of this material. Reacts with alkalis, oxidizers, chemically active metals. Hot iron, aluminum, or zinc in the presence of steam may produce toxic vapors. Softens or destroys most plastics and rubbers.
TETRABROMOETHANE(79-27-6) Decomposes above 374"F/190°C; the presence of halogens and heavy metal derivatives may increase the sensitivity of this material. Reacts with alkalis, oxidizers, chemically active metals. Hot iron, aluminum, or zinc in the presence of steam may produce toxic vapors. Softens or destroys most plastics and rubbers.
s-TETRABROMOETHANEor sym-TETRABROMOETHANE(79-27-6) Decomposes above 374"F/19OoC;the presence of halogens and heavy metal derivatives may increase the
1126
TETRABROMOMETHANE
sensitivity of this material. Reacts with alkalis, oxidizers, chemically active metals. Hot iron, aluminum, or zinc in the presence of steam may produce toxic vapors. Softens or destroys most plastics and rubbers.
TETRABROMOMETHANE (558-13-4) Violent reaction with fluorine, hexylcyclohexyldilead, oxygen, potassium, potassium acetylene- 1,2-dioxide, sodium azide, uranium(II1) hydride. Mixtures with finely divided aluminum, lithium, magnesium, potassium-sodium alloy, titanium, zinc can form a friction- or shock-sensitive explosive material. Incompatible with decaborane. Attacks active metals. TETRABUTYLSTANNINE (1461-25-2) Combustible liquid. Strong oxidizers or strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. TETRABUTYLTIN or n-TETRABUTYL TIN (1461-25-2) Combustible liquid. Strong oxidizers or strong acids may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. TETRABUTYL TITANATE (5593-70-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 17OoF/77"C cc). Reacts violently with oxidizers. Reacts with water, producing butanol and titanium dioxide. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes. Reacts violently with sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. TETRACARBONYL NICKEL (13463-39-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point < -4"F/< -20°C). Thermally unstable; oxidizes in air; ignites spontaneously in air; explodes above 140°F/600C.Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, liquid bromine, dinitrogen tetraoxide, air, oxygen, strong acids. Forms a shock-sensitive explosive material with tetrachloropropadiene. Vapor can promote the ignition of mixtures of combustible vapors, such as gasoline + air. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Store under inert gas blanket. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,1,2,2-TETRACHLORAETHAN(German) (127-18-4) Decomposes slowly on contact with water or moisture, forming trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with concentrated nitric acid (produces carbon dioxide), strong oxidizers, strong alkalis, powdered, chemically active metals such as aluminum, barium, beryllium, lithium, and zinc. Incompatible with nitrogen tetroxide, finely divided metals. Decomposes in UV light, on contact with red-hot metals, and in temperatures above 302"F/150°C, releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and phosgene. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. N-( 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLORAETHYLTHIO)-CYCLO~X-4-EN-l,4-D~CA~OXIM~ (German) (2425-06-1) Incompatible with acids or acid vapor. Strongly alkaline conditions contribute to instability.
TETRACHLORETHANE (127-18-4) Decomposes slowly on contact with water or moisture, forming trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with concentrated nitric acid (produces carbon dioxide), strong oxidizers, strong alkalis, powdered, chemically active metals such as aluminum, barium, beryllium, lithium, and zinc. Incompatible with
TETRACHLORO-I .2-DIFLUOROETHANE
1127
nitrogen tetroxide, finely divided metals. Decomposes in UV light, on contact with red-hot metals, and in temperatures above 302"F/15OoC, releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and phosgene. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture.
1,1,2,2-TETRACHLORETHANE (French) (127-18-4) (127-18-4) Decomposes slowly on contact with water or moisture, forming trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with concentrated nitric acid (produces carbon dioxide), strong oxidizers, strong alkalis; powdered, chemically active metals such as aluminum, barium, beryllium, lithium, and zinc. Incompatible with nitrogen tetroxide, finely divided metals. Decomposes in UV light, on contact with red-hot metals, and in temperatures above 302"F/15OoC, releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and phosgene. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. TETRACHLORKOHLENSTOFF,TETRA (German) (56-23-5)Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodiumpotassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with allyl alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tert-butoxide,tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4H1!), trisilane (Si3H,), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium. TETRACHLOROCARBON (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with allyl alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tertbutoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4H,,,), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium.
TETRACHLORO-1,2-DIFLUOROETHANE (76-12-0)Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium.
1128
1, I , I ,2-TETRACHLORO-2,2-DIFLUOROETHANE
Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1,1,1,2-TETRACHLOR0-2,2-DIFLUOROETHANE (76-11-9) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOR0-1,2-DIFLUOROETHANE(76-12-0) Reacts, possibly violently, with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. sym-TETRACHLORO-1,2-DIFLUOROETHANE (76-12-0)Reacts, possibly violently.
with barium, sodium, and potassium. Violent reaction with molten aluminum, magnesium. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to red-hot surfaces or fire, forming chlorine, hydrogen fluoride or chloride, phosgene, and carbonyl fluoride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE (79-34-5) Exposure to heat, light, air, moisture causes gradual decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride. Reacts with strong caustics such as potassium hydroxide, forming explosive dichloroacetylene gas. Reacts violently with chemically active metals, sodium amide, bromoform, 2,4-dinitrophenyl disulfide, potassium, sodium, finely divided sodium-potassium alloy. Contact with nitrogen tetroxide may cause explosion. In presence of steam, contact with hot iron, aluminum, or zinc may cause formation of toxic vapors, including hydrogen chloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture and heat.
TETRACHLOROETHANE or sym-TETRACHLOROETHANE(79-34-5)Exposure
to heat, light, air, moisture causes gradual decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride. Reacts with strong caustics such as potassium hydroxide, forming explosive dichloroacetylene gas. Reacts violently with chemically active metals, sodium amide, bromoform. 2,4-dinitrophenyl disulfide, potassium, sodium, finely divided sodium-potassium alloy. Contact with nitrogen tetroxide may cause explosion. In presence of steam, contact with hot iron, aluminum, or zinc may causes formation of toxic vapors, including hydrogen chloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture and heat.
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (127-18-4)Decomposes slowly on contact with water or moisture, forming trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with concentrated nitric acid (produces carbon dioxide), strong oxidizers, strong alkalis, powdered, chemically active metals such as aluminum, barium, beryllium, lithium, and zinc. Incompatible with nitrogen tetroxide, finely divided metals. Decomposes in UV light, on contact with red-hot metals, and in temperatures above 302"F/15OoC, releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and phosgene. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture.
TETRACHLORO ZIRCONIUM
1129
N- 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHYLMERCAPTO-4-CYCLOHEXENE-1,2-CARBOXIMIDE (2425-06-1) Incompatible with acids or acid vapor. Strong alkaline conditions contribute to instability.
N-( 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHYL)SULFENY L-cis-4-CYCLOHEXENE-l,2-DIC ARBOXIMIDE (2425-06-1) Incompatible with acids or acid vapor. Strongly alkaline conditions contribute to instability.
N-(1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHYLTHIO)-4-CYCLOHEXENE-l,2-D~CARBOX~ IMIDE (2425-06-1) Incompatibe with acids or acid vapor. Strong alkaline conditions contribute to instability.
TETRACHLOROMETHANE (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, &nitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium," beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with ally1 alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tertbutoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4Hlo), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture andlor heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.*Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium. TETRACHLOROSILANE (10026-04-7) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, evolving heat and forming silicic acid and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis, ammonia, dimethlysulfoxide, potassium, sodium. Potentially violent reaction with ethylene oxide (causes explosive polymerization), fluorine, silicon tetrahydride. Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture, producing flammable hydrogen. Store under inert gas. TETRACHLOROVANADIUM (7632-51-1) Keep away from water (decomposes, producing heat and forming hydrogen chloride, vanadium trichloride, vanadium oxychloride), radiant heat, and flammable materials lithium, chlorine, and trifluoride. Decomposes slowly to vanadium trichloride and chloride. Fumes in moist air; open containers in dry, oxygen-free atmosphere or in inert gas, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Chill to below 68"F/2OoCbefore opening. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. TETRACHLORO ZIRCONIUM (10026-11-6) Decomposes in the presence of moist air, forming a dense white cloud and hydrogen chloride fumes; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, steam, releasing heat, a dense white cloud, and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with bromine pentafluoride, lithium, oxygen difluoride, tetrahydrofuran. Contact
1130
TETRACHLORURE d’ACETYLENE
with alkali metals may cause explosions. Incompatible with ammonium-N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TETRACHLORURE d’ACETYLENE (French) (79-34-5) Exposure to heat, light, air, moisture causes gradual decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride. Reacts with strong caustics such as potassium hydroxide, forming explosive dichloroacetylene gas. Reacts violently with chemically active metals, sodium amide, bromoform, 2,4-dinitrophenyl disulfide, potassium, sodium, finely divided sodium-potassium alloy. Contact with nitrogen tetroxide may cause explosion. In presence of steam, contact with hot iron, aluminum, or zinc may cause formation of toxic vapors, including hydrogen chloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture and heat. TETRACHLORURE de CARBONE (French) (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride. decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shocksensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with allyl alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tert-butoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4H,o), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.*Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium. 1,1,2,2-TETRACLOROETANO(Italian) (79-34-5) Exposure to heat, light, air, moisture causes gradual decomposition and formation of hydrogen chloride. Reacts with strong caustics such as potassium hydroxide, forming explosive dichloroacetylene gas. Reacts violently with chemically active metals, sodium amide, bromoform, 2,4-dinitrophenyl disulfide, potassium, sodium, finely divided sodium-potassium alloy. Contact with nitrogen tetroxide may cause explosions. In presence of steam, contact with hot iron, aluminum, or zinc may cause formation of toxic vapors, including hydrogen chloride. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals, especially in the presence of moisture and heat. TETRACLOROMETANO(Italian) (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with allyl alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine
TETRADECANOL,MIXED ISOMERS
1131
trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tertbutoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si,H, o), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.*Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium.
TETRACLORURO di CARBON10 (Italian) (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide, triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with ally1 alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tert-butoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4Hlo), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium. TETRACLORUROde TITAN10 (Spanish) (7550-45-0) Contact with moisture in the air produces hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with water, producing heat, hydrogen chloride, and dense white cloud of titanium oxide; similar reaction occurs with alcohols. A strong reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, potassium, hydrogen fluoride. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Dusts of titanium alloys ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. TETRACLORUROde ZIRCON10 (Spanish) (10026-11-6) Decomposes in the presence of moist air, forming a dense white cloud and hydrogen chloride fumes; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, steam, releasing heat, a dense white cloud, and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with bromine pentafluoride, lithium, oxygen difluoride, tetrahydrofuran. Contact with alkali metals may cause explosions. Incompatible with ammonium-N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. TETRADECANOL or n-TETRADECANOL-1 or 1-TETRADECANOL (112-72-1) Combustible solid (flash point 285"F/140°C oc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. TETRADECANOL, MIXED ISOMERS (27196-00-5) Alcohols are reducing agents. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, alkaline earth and alkali metals, ammonium persulfate, strong acids, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide,
1132
TETRADECYL ALCOHOL or n-TETRADECYL ALCOHOL
perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, thionyl chloride, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, uranium fluoride.
TETRADECYL ALCOHOL or n-TETRADECYL ALCOHOL (112-72-1; 27196-00-5, mixed isomers) Alcohols are reducing agents. Reacts, possibly violently, with oxidizers, acetaldehyde, alkalis, alkaline earth and alkali metals, ammonium persulfate, strong acids, aliphatic amines, benzoyl peroxide, boranes, bromine dioxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isocyanates, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, perchlorates, permanganates, peroxides, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid, tangerine oil, thionyl chloride, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, uranium fluoride.
TETRAETHOXYSILANE (78-10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber. TETRAETHYL DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron. TETRAETHYLDITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE, LIQUID or O,O,O,O-TETRAETHYLDITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
TETRAETHYLENE GLYCOL (112-60-7)
Combustible liquid (flash point 3SOoF/ 177°C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TETRAETHYLENE PENTAMINE (112-57-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 32S0F/163"Coc). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrogencontaining compounds, carbon tetrachloride. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, halogenated hydrocarbons, halons, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, mercury, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts with halon fire extinguishers.
TETRAETHYL LEAD (78-00-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OO0F/93"C; also listed at 176"F/8OoC). Decomposes in sunlight and elevated temperatures above 230"F/1 10°C, forming triethyl lead; explodes above 6O8"F/32O0C.Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, concentrated acids. Corrodes rubber. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
O,O,O,O-TETRAETHYLS,S'-METHYLENEBIS(DITHIOPH0SPHATE) or O,O,O,'O'TETRAETHYL S,S'-METHYLENEBISPHOSPHORDITHIOATEor TETRAETHYL 4s'-METHYLENE BIS(PHOSPHOROTHIOLOTHIONATE) or O,O,O,'O'-TETRAETHYL S,S'-METHYLENE DI(PHOSPHORODITHI0ATE) (563-12-2) Slowly oxidized in air. Incompatible with alkaline formulations, perchloric acid. Mixtures with magnesium may be explosive.Attacks natural rubber.
TETRAFINOL
1133
TETRAETHYL ORTHOSILICATE (78-10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber. TETRAETHYLPLUMBANE (78-00-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 2OO0F/ 93°C; also listed at 176"F/80°C). Decomposes in sunlight and elevated temperatures above 230°F/1 1O"C, forming triethyl lead; explodes above 6O8"F/32O0C.Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, concentrated acids. Corrodes rubber. Attacks some plastics and coatings. TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE or TETRAETHYLPYROPHOSPHATE (107-493) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300"F/150"C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. TETRAETHYL SILICATE (78-10-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 99"F/37"C). Reacts slowly with water, forming ethyl alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
O,O,O,O-TETRAETIL-DITIO-PIROFOSFATO (Italian) (3689-24-5) Hydrolyzes slowly in water. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Corrodes iron.
TETRAETILENGLICOL (Spanish) (112-60-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 35OoF/177"C). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TETRAETIL PLOMO (Spanish) (78-00-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 200°F/93"C; also listed at 176"F/8OoC). Decomposes in sunlight and elevated temperatures above 230"Fll 10°C, forming triethyl lead; explodes above 6O8"F/32O0C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, concentrated acids. Corrodes rubber. Attacks some plastics and coatings.
O,O,O,O-TETRAETIL-PIROFOSFATO (Italian) (107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 30O0F/150"C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. TETRAFINOL (56-23-5) Becomes corrosive on contact with water. Explosive reaction on contact with burning wax or uranium, alkali metals, potassium sulfur diimide,
1134
TETRAFLNOROBORIC ACID
triethylaluminum, triethyldialuminum trichloride. Oxidative decomposition at elevated temperatures on contact with flame, hot surfaces, or welding arcs, forming hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Forms heat-, impact-, and friction-sensitive explosive mixtures with calcium disilicide, calcium hypochlorite, chlorinetrifluoride, decaborane, dinitrogen tetraoxide, lithium, and the finely divided form or powder of many metals (e.g., aluminum, barium,* beryllium, lithium, magnesium, sodium). Contact with light metals generates heat. Forms extremely shock-sensitive mixture with potassium or sodium-potassium alloy. Violent or explosive reaction with ally1 alcohol, antimony triethyl, boron hydrides, bromine, bromine trifluoride, calcium hypochloride, disilane, ethylene, fluorine, liquid oxygen, potassium-tert-butoxide, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrasilane (Si4Hlo), trisilane (Si3H8), plutonium, zinc, zirconium. Incompatible with aluminum trichloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, lithium nitride. Attacks some rubbers and plastics. Attacks many metals, especially in the presence of moisture and/or heat. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. *Note: May react violently with bulk form of barium.
TETRAFLUOROBORICACID (16872-11-0)A strong inorganic acid; reacts violently with strong bases. Reacts slowly with water, forming hydroxyfluoborate ions. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin Attacks metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. TETRAFLUOROETHENE (116-14-3) Highly reactive, thermally unstable, flammable gas (flash point 230"F/ >110°C cc). A powerful oxidizer. Thermally, highly unstable, impact-sensitive high explosive. Violent reaction with aniline. May ignite and/or react explosively with many substances, including other strong oxidizers, amines, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, finely divided metals, other explosive materials. Combustible organic matter wetted with this chemical may be highly explosive and susceptible to elevated temperatures and mild shock. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with hydrocarbons, alkalis, metal powders such as aluminum, dinitromethane, nitrobenzenes, nitronaphthalene, nitrotoluenes, toluene. Incompatible with chemically active metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. May be shipped and stored in refrigeration.
N,2,4,5-TETRANITRO-N-METHYLANILINE (479-45-8) A powerful oxidizer and
heat, friction-, and shock-sensitive high explosive. Explodes in elevated temperatures above approximately 482"F/250°C. The reaction may take about 0.1 second, but this material can explode after a delayed period in lower temperatures (16.6 minutes at 320"F/16O0C).Ignition or explosion on contact with reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, hydrazine, powdered metals, organic substances, trinitrogen difluoride.
TETRAOXYMETHYLENE(50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flashpoint solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/50"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-55% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bis-chloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. TETRAPHOSPHOR (German) (7723-14-0)More highly reactive than red phosphorus. Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air, at or above 86"F/3OoC. A strong reducing agent and fire risk; store under water or inert gas, away from heat. Contact with all oxidizers, elemental sulfur, halogens, halides can cause fire and explosions. Contact with strong caustics produces poisonous and flammable phosphine gas. Contact with metals forms
1142
TETRAPROPYLENE
highly reactive phosphides. Melts at 1 11°F/43"C to a yellow or white liquid. Liquid attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. See also Red Phosphorus.
TETRAPROPYLENE (6842-15-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 144"F/62"C oc). Able to form unstable peroxides. Reacts with inorganic acids, halogenated compounds, molten sulfur, and oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TETRASTIGMINE(107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300"F/15O0Ccan cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture.
TETRINE ACID (60-00-4) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
TETROLE (110-00-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point -32"F/-36"C cc). Unless inhibited (0.0254% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol is recommended), exposure to air forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with acids, oxidizers, peroxides.
TETRON or TETRON-100 (107-49-3) Reacts with water, forming phosphoric acid and flammable ethylene gas. Alkalis or elevated temperatures above 300°F/150"C can cause decomposition, forming flammable ethylene gas and phosphorus oxides, Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics. rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture. TETROPIL (127-18-4) Decomposes slowly on contact with water or moisture, forming trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with concentrated nitric acid (produces carbon dioxide), strong oxidizers, strong alkalis, powdered, chemically active metals such as aluminum, barium, beryllium, lithium, and zinc. Incompatible with nitrogen tetroxide, finely divided metals. Decomposes in UV light, on contact with red-hot metals, and in temperatures above 302"F/150°C, releasing hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and phosgene. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. TETROSIN LY@(92-52-4) Combustible solid (flash point 235"FlI 13°C cc). Vapor, dust, or mist forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions.
TETROXIDO de NITOGENO (Spanish) (10544-72-6) Noncombustible, but supports combustion of combustible materials. A powerful oxidizer. Water contact produces nitric acid and nitric oxide. Incompatible with nitric oxide; reacts with air, producing additional nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with strong reducing agents, anhydrous ammonia, alcohols, barium oxide, boron trichloride, carbon disulfide, chlorinated hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, difluorotrifluoromethylphosphine, dimethyl sulfoxide, formaldehyde, ethers, fluorine, formaldehyde, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, metal acetylides, metal carbides, metal powders, metal carbonyls,
THANOL PPG@
1143
nitroanilines, nitrobenzene, nitrogen trichloride, organic compounds, oxygen difluoride, ozone, phospham, petroleum, pyridine, quinoline, sodium, tetracarbonyl nickel, tetramethyl tin, toluene, triethylamine, triethylammonium nitrate, vinyl chloride. Incompatible with combustible materials, red phosphorus, petroleum products. Forms explosive material with propylene. Attacks many metals in the presence of moisture.
TETRYL or 2,4,6-TETRYL (479-45-8) A powerful oxidizer and heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive high explosive. Explodes in elevated temperatures above about 482"F/2SO0C. The reaction may take about 0.1 second, but this material can explode after a delayed period in lower temperatures (16.6 minutes at 320°F/1600C). Ignition or explosion on contact with reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, hydrazine, powdered metals, organic substances, trinitrogen difluoride.
TEXANOL@(25265-77-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 2 4 8 ° F 20°C ~ oc). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. TEX-WET@or TEXWET@ 1001 (119-36-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 213"F/ IOlOC). Incompatible with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers. Shelf life affected by light and heat.
TFE (116-14-3) Highly reactive, thermally unstable, flammable gas (flash point 185"F/>8S°C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
TRIFLUOROMONOBROMOMETHANE (75-63-8) Can react violently with barium,
sodium, and potassium; chemically active metals; powdered aluminum. Contact with moisture forms hydrofluoric acid. Attacks glass, ceramics, and some plastics, rubber and coatings in the presence of moisture. Undergoes thermal decomposition when exposed to flame or red-hot surfaces: Hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid, and smaller amounts of phosgene and carbonyl fluoride are formed.
TRIFLUOROMONOCHLOROETHYLENE (79-38-9) Flammable gas. Forms explo-
sive mixture with air (flash point -18"F/-2S0C). Unless inhibited (terpenes and 1 % tributylamine are recommended), this material forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine perchlorate, fluorine, ethylene, dichloroethylene, oxygen. Incompatible with chlorine trifluoride, vinylidene chloride.
1192
u,u,a-TRIFLUOROTOLUENE
cu,cu,cu-TRIFLUOROTOLUENE(98-08-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point
54"F/12"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture, water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Explosive reaction with bis(triflu0romethy1)sulfide.
o-TRIFLUOROTOLUENE (98-08-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Reacts with atmospheric moisture. water, steam, forming hydrogen fluoride and benzoic acid. Violent reaction with oxidizers, lithium. Explosive reaction with bis(triflu0romethy1)sulfide.
TRIFLUOROVINYL CHLORIDE (79-38-9) Flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - l8"F/-2S0C). Unless inhibited (terpenes and 1% tributylamine are recommended), this material forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine perchlorate, fluorine, ethylene, dichloroethylene, oxygen. Incompatible with chlorine trifluoride, vinylidene chloride. TRIFLUORURE de CHLORE (French) (7790-91-2) A powerful oxidizer. Corrosive gas shipped as a liquid. Reacts violently with water, forming chlorine and hydrofluoric acid. Will cause spontaneous ignition on contact with most combustible materials. Explodes on contact with organic materials, halocarhons, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane. Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizable materials, aluminum, aluminum oxide, ammonia, arsenic trioxide, benzene, boron-containing materials, calcium, chromic anhydride, chromic oxide, chromium trioxide, copper, most elements, fuels, graphite, hydrogen-containing materials, iridium, iron, lead, oxides, iodine, finely divided metals, metal oxides, lead dioxide, magnesium, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, mercuric iodide, molybdenum, molybdenum trioxide, phosphorus, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium, reducing agents, refractory materials like sand, glass, asbestos, and silicon-containing compounds, selenium, sodium hydroxide, tellurium, tungsten, etc. Emits highly toxic fumes on contact with acids. Forms explosive mixtures with carbon tetrachloride, germanium chloride, and other highly chlorinated compounds, nitroaryl compounds, ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride. Reacts, often violently, with most forms of plastics, rubber, coatings, and resins, except for highly fluorinated polymers such as Teflon@and Kel-F@.
TRIFLUORURO de BORO (Spanish) (7637-07-2) Reacts with moist air, water, steam, producing hydrogen fluoride, boric acid, and fluoboric acid. Violent reaction with ally1 chloride, alkyl nitrate, benzyl nitrate, calcium oxide, ethyl ether, iodine, magnesium tetrahydroaluminate, active metals (except magnesium). Used as a polymerization catalyst; contact with monomers may cause explosions. Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture. TRIFLUORURO de BROMO (7787-71-5) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with water, producing hydrogen fluoride gas (hydrofluoric acid). Reacts violently with reducing agents, organic materials, acetone, acids, alkalis, arsenic, ammonium halides (explosive), antimony. antimony trioxide, boron, carbon monoxide (explosive at elevated temperatures), halogens, metal chlorides, metal oxides, molybdenum, niobium, salts, tantalum, tin, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, and many other materials. Incandescent reaction with powdered metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Will react with any metal, causing violent, vigorous, or severe corrosion. Attacks building materials, including wood, glass, concrete. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
TRIHYDROXYCYANIDINE
1193
TRIFLUORURO de CLORO (Spanish) (7790-91-2) A powerful oxidizer. Corrosive gas shipped as a liquid. Reacts violently with water, forming chlorine and hydrofluoric acid. Will cause spontaneous ignition on contact with most combustible materials. Explodes on contact with organic materials, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane. Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizable materials, aluminum, aluminum oxide, ammonia, arsenic trioxide, benzene, boron-containing materials, calcium, chromic anhydride, chromic oxide, chromium trioxide, copper, most elements, fuels, graphite, hydrogen-containing materials, iridium, iron, lead, oxides, iodine, finely divided metals, metal oxides, lead dioxide, magnesium, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, mercuric iodide, molybdenum, molybdenum trioxide, phosphorus, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium, reducing agents, refractory materials like sand, glass, asbestos, and silicon-containing compounds, selenium, sodium hydroxide, tellurium, tungsten, etc. Emits highly toxic fumes on contact with acids. Forms explosive mixtures with carbon tetrachloride, germanium chloride, and other highly chlorinated compounds, nitroaryl compounds, ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride. Reacts, often violently, with most forms of plastics, rubber, coatings, and resins, except for highly fluorinated polyniers such as Teflon@and Kel-F@.
TRIGLYCOL (112-27-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 338"F/17OoC).Incompatible with strong oxidizers, isocyanates, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, strong acids: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid.
TRIGLYCOL DICAPROATE (95-08-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 38S°F/ 196°C cc). Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, nitrates.
TRIGLYCOL DIHEXOATE (95-08-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 385"F/ 196°C cc). lncompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, nitrates.
TRIGLYCOL METHYL ETHER (112-35-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 230°F/1 10OC). May form unstable peroxides on contact with air. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Attacks some plastics, rubber. and coatings. TRIGLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER (112-50-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 27SoF/135°C oc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates.
1,2,3-TRIHYDROXYRENZENE (87-66-1) Combustible solid. Dust or powder forms explosive mixtures with air. Violent reaction with peroxyfuroic acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, alkalis, alkylene oxides, ammonia, amines, antipyrine, epichlorohydrin, iodine, isocyanates, menthol, phenol, potassium permanganate, metallic salts of lead and iron. 3,4,5TRIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID (149-91-7) Combustible solid. Violent reaction with fluorine. lncompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic and alkanol amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers.
TRIHYDROXYCYANIDINE (108-80-5) Violent reaction with ethanol. Mixtures with chlorine, hexanitroethane form spontaneously explosive compounds. Incompatible with lead dioxide.
1194
TRI(2-HYDR0XYETHYL)AMINE
TRI(2-HYDR0XYETHYL)AMINE (102-71-6) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid
(flash point 354"F/179"C). Aqueous solution is an organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, mercury, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc.
TRIHYDROXYPHOSPHINE (13598-36-2) Unless stored in airtight containers, readily absorbs oxygen, forming phosphoric acid. Decomposes above 39OoF/198"C, forming phosphine that may ignite spontaneously in air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks some metals. TRIHYDROXYPROPANE (56-81-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 390°F/ 199OC).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, calcium hypochloride, chlorine, chromic anhydride, chromium oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus triiodide, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, silver perchlorate, sodium hydride, sodium peroxide, sodium triiodide, sodium tetrahydroborate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, uranium fluoride. Able to polymerize above 293"F/145"C. 1,2,3-TRIHYDROXYPROPANE (56-81-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 39OoF/I99"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetic anhydride, calcium hypochloride, chlorine, chromic anhydride, chromium oxide, ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus triiodide, potassium permanganate, potassium peroxide, silver perchlorate, sodium hydride, sodium peroxide, sodium triiodide, sodium tetrahydroborate. Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, uranium fluoride. Able to polymerize above 293"F/145"C.
2,4,6-TRIHYDROXY-1,3,5-TRIAZINE (108-80-5) Violent reaction with ethanol. Mixtures
with chlorine, hexanitroethane form spontaneously explosive compounds. Incompatible with lead dioxide.
TRI(HYDR0XYTRIETHYL)AMINE (102-71-6) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 354"F/l7YoC).Aqueous solution is an organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium perwlfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, mercury, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc.
TRIISOBUTYLALUMINUM (100-99-2) Extremely flammable liquid (flash point 185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anby-drides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C. o-TRIKRESYLPHOSPHAT (German) (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/225"C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TRILEAD TETROXIDE (1314-41-6) An oxidizer. Decomposes above 932"F/500°C, emitting oxygen. Reacts, possibly violently, with reducing agents, powdered metals: aluminum, titanium, zirconium, zinc, etc., alcohols, dichloromethylsilane, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, ethers, glycols, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, selenium oxychloride, sulfur trioxide. Incompatible with ammonium nitrate, diboron tetrafluoride, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrogen sulfide, nitroalkanes, rubidium acetylide, selenium oxychloride. Forms heat-sensitive explosive material with anilinium perchlorate. Increases the thermal and/or explosive sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, hydrazinium perchlorate, silver azide. Incompatible with sodium, sulfur trioxide. TRILENE (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: Aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization, titanium, magnesium; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the
1196
TRILIT
presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
TRILIT (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/I 80°C. Explodes when heated above 4SO0F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or with strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon. TRILON B or TRILON BS (60-00-4) Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
TRIM (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point >1 8S°F/>8SoC oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 4OoFI4.4"C.
TRIMAR (79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: Aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization, titanium, magnesium; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
TRIMELLIC ACID ANHYDRIDE or TRIMELLIC ACID-1,2-ANHYDRIDE (55230-7) Combustible. Dust can form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts slowly with water, forming trimellitic acid. This compound is acidic and will react with bases, and may react with sulfuric acid, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE (552-30-7)
Combustible. Dust can form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts slowly with water, forming trimellitic acid. This compound is acidic and will react with bases, and may react with sulfuric acid, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
TRIMETHYLAMINOMETHANE
1197
TRIMETHOXYPHOSPHINE (121-45-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 13O0F/54"Coc; 82"F/28"C cc). Reacts with water. Incompatible with air, moisture, strong bases. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers, magnesium perchlorate. Store and handle under nitrogen blanket. TRIMETHOXY SILANE (2487-90-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 45"F/7"C). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming highly corrosive material. Heat, peroxides, or other catalysts may cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metallic hexafluorides, ammonia. Aqueous solution incompatible with alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture. TRIMETHYLACETIC ACID (75-98-9) Combustible solid (flash point 147"F/64"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocy anates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, oxidizers. TRIMETHYLALANE(75-24-1) A dangerous explosion hazard. Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, water, alcohols, amines, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen or sulfur, phenols, and many other substances. Reacts with most common fire extinguishers; do not use water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogens. Store under inert gas blanket. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Note: Normally sold as a solution in hydrocarbons that is not pyrophoric. TRIMETHYLALUMINUM (75-24-1) A dangerous explosion hazard. Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air. A powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizers, water, alcohols, amines, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen or sulfur, phenols, and many other substances. Reacts with most common fire extinguishers; do not use water, carbon dioxide, foam, halogens. Store under inert gas blanket. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Note: Normally sold as a solution in hydrocarbons that is not pyrophoric. See also next entry. TRIMETHYL ALUMINUM, 15% SOLUTION IN HYDROCARBONS (75-24-1) A strong reducing agent Forms explosive mixture in air [flash point (based on hexane) - 14"F/-26"C]. Once solvent has evaporated, this substance is pyrophoric. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. See also above entry. TRIMETHYLAMINE (75-50-3) Extremely flammable liquefied gas [flash point 20°F/-6"C; (25% solution in H,O) 4 l0F/5"C]. A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, strong acids, ethylene oxide, halogenated compounds, nitrosating compounds, triethynylaluminum. Incompatible with methyl trichloroacetate. Reacts with mercury, forming shock-sensitive explosive material. Attacks chemically active metals: aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, and their alloys. TRIMETHYLAMINOMETHANE (75-64-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 4SoF/-9"C). A weak base. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Violent reaction with strong
1198
1,2,3-TRIMETHYL BENZENE
oxidizers. Exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo-l,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid . Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,2,3-TRIMETHYL BENZENE (526-73-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 19"F/4SoC). Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitric acid. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. 1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE (95-63-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 1 12"F/44"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitric acid. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. 1,3,5-TRIMETHYLBENZENE (108-67-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 117"F/47"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. asyrn-TRIMETHYL BENZENE or asymmetrical-TRIMETHYL BENZENE (95-63-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 112"F/44"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitric acid. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. TRIMETHYL BENZENE, MIXED ISOMERS (25551-13-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 114"F/4S0C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, nitric acid. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. TRIMETHYLBENZOL (108-67-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 117"F/47"C). Reacts violently with oxidizers, nitric acid. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,7,7-TRIMETHYLBICYCL0(2.2.1)-2-HEPTANONE (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 15S0F/66"C).Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 1,7,7-TRIMETHYLBICYCL0(2,2,1)HEPTANONE-2 (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155"F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 2,6,6-TRIMETHYLBICYCLO[3.1.1]HEPT-2-ENE or 2,6,6-TRIMETHYLBICYCLO-
[3.1.1]-2-HEPT-2-ENE (80-56-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 9 1"F133"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine, perchlorates (e.g., nitrosyl perchlorate, etc.), perchromates (pyridine perchromate), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid, and other oxidizing acids. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TRIMETHYL CARBINOL (75-65-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 52"F/1 IOC). Violent reaction with oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchloric acid, etc.). Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl
TRIMETHYLENE BROMIDE CHLORIDE
1199
chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
TRIMETHYLCARBINYLAMINE (75-64-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 48"F/-9"C). A weak base. Incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo-l,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TRIMETHYLCHLOROMETHANE(507-20-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 32"F/0°C). Contact with water, sunlight, or UV light slowly forms hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, finely divided aluminum and other chemically active metals, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. May form explosive compounds with divalent light metals and metallic azides. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. May accumulate static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors. TRIMETHYLCHLOROSILANE(75-77-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-2S°C cc). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides. epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen. Vigorous reaction with aluminum. Store in temperatures below 7OoF/21"C.
1,1,3-TRIMETHYL-3-CYCLOHEXEN-S-ONE (78-59-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 184"F/84"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, resins, and rubber. 3,5,5-TRIMETHYL-2-CYCLOHEXANE-l-ONE (78-59-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 184"F/84"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, resins, and rubber. 3,5,5-TRIMETHYL-2-CYCLOPHENONE (78-59-1) Combustible liquid (flash point
184"F/84"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Violent reaction with aldehydes, nitric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, strong bases, hydrogen peroxide. Attacks some plastics, resins, and rubber.
TRIMETHYLENE (75-19-4) Flammable compressed liquefied gas. Contact with strong oxidizers can cause fire and explosions. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TRIMETHYLENE BROMIDE CHLORIDE (109-70-6) May react with aluminum powder, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. Elevated temperatures or contact with hot surfaces produce hydrogen bromide and hydrogen chloride.
1200
TRIMETHYLENE CHLORIDE
TRIMETHYLENE CHLORIDE (142-28-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point approximately 60°F/1 6°C oc). Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, light metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May cause pitting attack and stress corrosion in austenitic stainless steels.
TRIMETHYLENE CHLOROBROMIDE (109-70-6) May react with aluminum powder, liquid oxygen, potassium, sodium. Elevated temperatures or contact with hot surfaces produce hydrogen bromide and hydrogen chloride.
TRIMETHYLENEDIAMINE(109-76-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7S0F/24"C). Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. An organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution. Attacks aluminum, copper, tin, zinc. May attack some plastics, coatings, and rubber. TRIMETHYLENE DICNLORIDE (142-28-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point approximately 6OoF/16"C oc). Contact with acids or acid fumes produces highly toxic chloride fumes. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, light metals. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. May cause pitting attack and stress corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. TRIMETHYLENE GLYCOL (504-63-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 16S0F/>74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
a,a,a'-TRIMETHYLENEGLYCOL (107-41-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 204"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, i socyanates. TRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE (121-82-4) Usually moistened with up to 15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is high explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids, strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
sym-TRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE(121-82-4) Usually moistened with up to
15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is high explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids, strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid.
TRIMETHYL GLYCOL (57-55-6) Combustible liquid (flash point 21OoF/99"C oc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, bordnes.
TRIMETHYLSILYL CHLORIDE
1201
TRIMETHYL HEXAMETHYLENE DIAMINE (25513-64-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 26I0F/127"C oc). An organic base. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. TRIMETHYLMETHANE (75-28-5) Flammable gas (flash point - 1 13"F/-8loC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with acetylene, halogens, and nitrous oxides. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TRIMETHYLMETHANOL (75-65-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point S2"F/11°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers (bromine, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, perchloric acid, etc.). Reacts, possibly violently, with alkaline earth and alkali metals, producing flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with strong acids, strong caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium oxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid. isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks many plastics and some coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1,7,7-TRIMETHYLNORCAMPHOR(76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point
15S0F/66"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE(540-84-1) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 11"F/- 12°C).Violent reaction with oxidizers. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,2,4-TRIMETHYL-1,3-PENTANEDIOL-l-ISOBUTYRATE or 2,2,4-TRIMETHYL1,3-PENTANEDIOLMONOISOBUTYRATE(25265-77-4) Incom-patible with strong
acids, nitrates, oxidizers.
TRI-2-METHYLPHENYL PHOSPHATE (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/225"C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TRIMETHYLPHOSPHITE (121-45-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 130°F/S4"C oc; 82OF128"C cc). Reacts with water. Incompatible with air, moisture, strong bases. Violent reaction with strong acids, nitrates, oxidizers, magnesium perchlorate. Store and handle under nitrogen blanket. TRIMETHYLSILYL CHLORIDE (75-77-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1S°F/-28"C cc). Violent reaction with water, steam, alcohols, forming hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. ammonia. Incompatible with alkalis, strong
1202
1,1, I-TRIMETHYL-A'-(TRIMETHYLS1LYL)SILANAMINE
acids, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, halogenated compounds, nitrogen oxides. Corrodes common metals in the presence of moisture and produces flammable hydrogen. Vigorous reaction with aluminum. Store in temperatures below 7OoF/21"C.
l,l,l-TRIMETHYL-N-(TRIMETHYLS1LYL)SILANAMINE (999-97-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (4S°F/9"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with water, steam, alcohols. Incompatible with aldehydes, nonoxidizing mineral acids, cellulose nitrate, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,4,6-TRLMETHYL-1,3,5-TRIOXANE (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 6ZoF/17"C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
2,4,6-TRIMETHYLTRIOXYMETHYLENE (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with
air (flash point 6ZoF/17"C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
s-TRIMETHYLTRIOXYMETHYLENE(123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 62"F/17"C). Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
TRIMETILENGLICOL (Spanish) (504-63-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 165"F/>74"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, caustic materials, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, boranes.
2,4,6-TRIMETIL-1,3,5-TRIOSSANO (Italian) (123-63-7) Forms explosive mixture with
air (flash point 6ZDF/17"C).Reacts with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with acids or acid fumes, forming acetaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
TRINATRIUMPHOSPHAT (German) (7601-54-9) Reacts with moisture in air, forming sodium carbonate. Aqueous solution is a strong caustic. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and related alloys in the presence of moisture. TRINITROBENZENE or 1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE (99-35-4) A high explosive with more power than TNT and less sensitivity to impact. Sensitive to shock and heat. Incompatible with initiating explosives, combustible materials, oxidizers. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Forms heat-sensitive explosive complexes with alkyl or aryl metallates.
2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE
1203
s-TRINITROBENZENE or sym-TRINITROBENZENE (99-35-4) A high explosive with more power than TNT and less sensitivity to impact. Sensitive to shock and heat. Incompatible with initiating explosives, combustible materials, oxidizers. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Forms heat-sensitive explosive complexes with alkyl or aryl metallates. TRINITROBENZOL (German) (99-35-4) A highexplosive with more power than TNT and less sensitivity to impact. Sensitive to shock and heat. Incompatible with initiating explosives, combustible materials, oxidizers. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Forms heat-sensitive explosive complexes with alkyl or aryl metallates.
TRINITROCYCLOTRIMETHYLENE TRIAMINE (121-82-4) Usually moistened with up to 15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is a high explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids, strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. TRINITROGLYCERIN (55-63-0) Heat-, UV-, acid-, friction-, shock-sensitive high explosive. A flammable liquid (at flash point explodes). Hydrolyzed in water, forming an explosive solution of nitric acid and glycerol. Explodes on contact with ozone or in temperatures above approximately 350°F/1 76°C. The pure material is rarely used; the commercial material is desensitized.
TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAMINE(479-45-8) A powerful oxidizer and heat, friction-, and shock-sensitive high explosive. Explodes in elevated temperatures above approximately 482"F/25OoC. The reaction may take about 0.1 second, but this material can explode after a delayed period in lower temperatures (16.6 minutes at 32O0F/16O0C).Ignition or explosion on contact with reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, hydrazine, powdered metals, organic substances, trinitrogen difluoride.
2,4,6-TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAMINE or 2,4,6-TRINITROPHENYL-NMETHYLNITRAMINE (479-45-8) A powerful oxidizer and heat-, friction-, and shocksensitive high explosive. Explodes in elevated temperatures above approximately 482"F/250°C. The reaction may take about 0.1 second, but this material can explode after a delayed period in lower temperatures (16.6 minutes at 320°F/1600C). Ignition or explosion on contact with reducing agents, combustible materials, fuels, hydrocarbons, hydrazine, powdered metals, organic substances, trinitrogen difluoride. TRINITROTOLUENE or sym-TRINITROTOLUENE(118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/18OoC. Explodes when heated above 450°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon. 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above
1204
TRINITROTOLUOL
356"F/180°C. Explodes when heated above 450°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon.
TRINITROTOLUOL (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/180°C. Explodes when heated above 450°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon.
2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUOL (German) (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/180°C. Explodes when heated above 450°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon.
a-TRINITROTOLUOL (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 3 5 6 ° F 80°C. ~ Explodes when heated above 450°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon.
s-TRINITROTOLUOL (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/180°C. Explodes when heated above 450°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon.
1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZACYCLOHEXANE (121-82-4) Usually moistened with up to 15% water to reduce the risk of explosion. Dry material is a high explosive (50% more powerful than TNT). Contact with mercury fulminate can cause detonation. Contact with combustible materials, strong acids. strong oxidizers, isopropyl percarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with aldehydes, acids, cellulose nitrate (of high surface area), cresols, isocyanates, nitrates, nitric acid, organic anhydrides, phenols, sulfuric acid. TRINOXOL (93-76-5)
Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 3 16"F/158"C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin.
TRIORTHOCRESYL PHOSPHATE (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/225"C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANE or 3,h$TRIOXAUNDECAN- 1-OL
1205
TRIOSSIMETELENE (Italian) (110-88-3) Flammable solid (flash point 1 13"F/3S°C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Forms explosive materials with other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and lead. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TRIOXANE (50-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air [flash point gas 185"F/85"C; flash point solution (methanol content lowers it) 122"-176"F/S0"-80"C]. Aqueous solutions (37-S5% by weight) are combustible and may explode above their flash points. Aqueous solutions slowly oxidize in air to formic acid. May polymerize unless properly inhibited (usually with methanol up to 15%) and stored at controlled temperature. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, acrylonitrile, caustics (sodium hydroxide, yielding formic acid and flammable hydrogen), magnesium carbonate, nitromethane, nitrogen oxides (especially at elevated temperature), peroxyformic acid. Incompatible with strong acids (hydrochloric acid forms bischloromethyl ether), amines, ammonia, aniline, bisulfides, gelatin, iodine, magnesite, phenol, some monomers, tannin, salts of copper, iron, silver. Aqueous solution attacks carbon steel. 1,3,5-TRIOXANE (110-88-3) Flammable solid (flash point 1 13"F/3S0C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Forms explosive materials with other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and lead. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. s-TRIOXANE or sym-TRIOXANE (110-88-3) Flammable solid (flash point 113"F/3S°C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Forms explosive materials with other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and lead. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. sim-TRIOXANO (Spanish) (110-88-3) Flammable solid (flash point 113"FI 35°C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Forms explosive materials with other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and lead. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
S,S,ll-TRIOXAPENTADECANE (112-73-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 245"F/118"C oc). Reacts violently with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANEor 3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECAN-l-OL (112-50-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 275"F/13SoCoc). Violent reaction with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates.
1206
3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECAN1,ll-DIOL or 3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANOL,ll -DIOL
3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECAN-l,ll-DIOL or 3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANOL,ll-DIOL (1 1260-7) Combustible liquid (flash point 35OoF/177"C).Reacts violently with strong oxidizers,
sodium peroxide, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, caustics, isocyanates, nitric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TRIOXIDE (S) (13463-67-7)Dust is incompatible with strong acids. Violent reaction with lithium. Violent or incandescent reaction with active metals at high temperatures. Dusts of zirconium alloys ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. TRIOXIDO de ARSENIC0 (Spanish) (1327-53-3)Reacts, possibly violently, with acids, aluminum, aluminum chloride, chlorine trifluoride, chromic oxide, fluorine, fluorides, halogens, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, oxygen fluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, rubidium acetylide, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, zinc, iron in solution. Contact with acids or acid mists releases deadly arsine gas. TRIOXIDO de AZUFRE (Spanish) (7446-11-9) Noncombustible, but many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions; enhances the combustion of other substances. Attracts water from many organic substances, creating heat with possible ignition or explosion. Can produce sulfuric acid fumes in moist air. Reacts violently with water or steam, producing sulfuric acid. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, organic substances, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, diphenylmercury, dioxygen difluoride, formamide, iodine, lead oxide, metal oxides, nitryl chloride, perchloric acid, red phosphorus, pyridine, sulfuric acid, tetrafluorethylene. Incompatible with many substances, including strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, organic anhydrides, metal oxides, acrylates, aldehydes, alcohols, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, caprolactam solution, cresols, dimethyl sulfoxide, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, phenols, vinyl acetate. Stabilize with an inhibitor to prevent a potentially explosive change in the vapor pressure of this material. Never add water directly to this material. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, yielding flammable hydrogen. TRIOXON@(ICI) (93-76-5) Sealed metal containers may burst in heat above 316"F/ 158°C. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. TRIOXYMETHYLEN (German) (110-88-3)Flammable solid (flash point 113"F/35"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Forms explosive materials with other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and lead. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TRIOXYMETHYLENE (110-88-3) Flammable solid (flash point 113"F/35"C). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Able to form unstable and explosive peroxides that are heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Forms explosive materials with other peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and lead. Violent reaction with oxidizers. Reacts with acids, forming formaldehyde. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TRIOXYMETHYLENE (30525-89-4) Combustible solid (flash point 158"F/7OoC).Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Aqueous solution produces formaldehyde.
TRIPOTASSIUM HEXACYANOFERRATE
1207
Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with acids, alkalis, sunlight, and UV light. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. A polymer formed from formaldehyde having variable compositions [(CHZO), (n = 8-loo)].
TRIPENTYLAMINE(621-77-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 453"F/234"C). A strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. TRIPHENOXYPHOSPHINE OXIDE (115-86-6) Combustible solid but does not burn without a source of ignition (flash point 428"F/22OoC). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates, antimony pentachloride, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TRIPHENYLAMINE (603-34-9) Incompatible with aldehydes, ketones, nitrates, acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, nitrocompounds, oxidizers, oxygen, and peroxides.
TRIPHENYLCHLOROSTANNANE(639-58-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Keep away from moisture.
TRIPHENYL PHOSPHATE (115-86-6) Combustible solid but does not burn without a source of ignition (flash point 428"F/22OoC). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, nitrates, antimony pentachloride, magnesium, silver nitrate, zinc acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TRIPHENYLTIN CHLORIDE (639-58-7) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Keep away from moisture.
TRl-PLUS@(79-01-6) Violent reaction with strong caustics (e.g., lye, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.). Caustics, epichlorohydrin, epoxides produce spontaneously explosive dichloroacetylene. Forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen tetroxide. Violent reaction with finely divided chemically active metals: Aluminum may cause self-accelerating polymerization, titanium, magnesium; alkaline earth metals may cause ignition upon contact; explosive reaction with sodium, potassium, lithium. High temperatures, contact with hot metals, open flame, and high-intensity UV light can cause the formation of chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and phosgene. This chemical slowly decomposes in light in the presence of moisture, forming hydrochloric acid. Reacts, possibly violently, with aluminum methyl, aluminum tripropyl, antimony triethyl, antimony, trimethyl, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen, ozone, potassium nitrate, trimethyl aluminum. Attacks metals, coatings, and plastics in the presence of moisture. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
TRIPOTASSIUM HEXACYANOFERRATE(13746-66-2) Mixtures with water, acids, alcohols cause slow decomposition, producing hydrocyanic acid. Explosive reaction with ammonia. Violent reaction with copper(I1) nitrate, trihydrate. Incompatible with chromium trioxide, sodium nitrite.
1208
TRI-2-PROPENYL-2-PROPEN1-AMINE
TRI-2-PROPENYL-2-PROPEN-l-AMINE (102-70-5) Forms explosive mixture with air
(flash point 102"F/39"C). A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers. permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with many substances, including organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. May increase the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc.
TRIPROPILAMINA (Spanish) (102-69-2) A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. TRIPROPILENGLICOL (Spanish) (24800-44-0)Combustible liquid (flash point
28S0F/141°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, alkalis, isocyanates, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TRIPROPYLAMINE or TRI-N-PROPYLAMINE (102-69-2) A medium-strong organic base. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Lncompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols. aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and their alloys. TRIPROPYLENE (139-01-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 7S°F/ 24°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
TRIPROPYLENE GLYCOL (24800-44-0)Combustible liquid (flash point 285"F/ 141°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, boranes, alkalis, isocyanates, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TRIPROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER (25498-49-1)Forms explosive mixture
with air (flash point 250"F/121°C). Violent reaction with oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates.
TRIS-n-BUTYLAMINE (102-82-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 187"F/83"C).A strong reducing agent and organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Reacts with tetrachloroethylene carbonate, forming phosgene gas. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols,
TRISTAR~
1209
mercury, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc.
TRIS(o-CRESYL)-PHOSPHATE(78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/
225°C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
TRIS(DIBROMOPR0PYL)PHOSPHATETRIS DIBROMOPROPYL PHOSPHATE
(126-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C). Incompatible with acids, bases, strong oxidizers.
TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL)PHOSPHORICACID ESTER (126-72-7) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 1 10°C). Incompatible with acids, bases, strong oxidizers.
TRIS(HYDR0XYETHYL)AMINE (102-71-6) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 354"F/179"C). Aqueous solution is an organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, mercury, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc. TRIS(2-HYDROXYPROPYL) AMINE (122-20-3) Combustible solid (flash point 320"F/l 60°C oc). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane.
TRIS(o-METHYLPHENYL)PHOSPHATE(78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/225"C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE (7601-54-9) Reacts with moisture in air, forming sodium carbonate. Aqueous solution is a strong caustic. Violent reaction with acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, glycols, isocyanates, ketones, maleic anhydride, nitrates, nitromethane, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks aluminum, copper, zinc, and related alloys in the presence of moisture. TRISTARO (Pan Britannica Ltd.) (1582-09-8) Combustible solid (flash point > 185"F/>85"C oc). May react violently with barium, potassium, sodium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls,
1210
TRIS(o-T0LYL)-PHOSPHATE
cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Reacts with nitroalkanes, forming explosive products. Store above 40°F/4.4"C.
TRIS(o-T0LYL)-PHOSPHATE(78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/225"C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TRISULFURO de ARSENIC0 (Spanish) (1303-33-9) Contact with water or steam releases hydrogen sulfide. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong oxidizers, halogens, hydrogen peroxide, sodium sulfide, sulfur, potassium nitrate. Contact with acids and acid fumes produces highly toxic fumes of arsenic, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. TRITHENE (79-38-9) Flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 18"F/-28"C). Unless inhibited (terpenes and 1% tributylamine are recommended), this material forms unstable peroxides. Reacts violently with oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, chlorine perchlorate, fluorine, ethylene, dichloroethylene, oxygen. Incompatible with chlorine trifluoride, vinylidene chloride. TRITOL (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/18OoC. Explodes when heated above 45OoF/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon. TRI-2-TOLYL PHOSPHATE (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/ 225°C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TRI-o-TOLYL PHOSPHATE (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/ 225°C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. o-TRITOLYL PHOSPHATE (78-30-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 437"F/ 225°C). Hydrolyzes in water, forming phosphoric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with magnesium may cause explosion. The aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TRIXYLENYL PHOSPHATE (25155-23-1) Combustible liquid. May react violently with strong oxidizers, antimony(\/') pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrates.
TROVIDUER~
1211
TRIXYLYL PHOSPHATE (25155-23-1) Combustible liquid. May react violently with strong oxidizers, antimony(V) pentafluoride. Incompatible with lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrates. TRIYODURO de ANTIMONIO (Spanish) (1309-64-4) Ignites and burns in heated air above 420OF1215°C. Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride. Reacts with chlorinated rubber, alcohols/glycols, organic and a-hydroxy acids (fruit acids), o-dihydric phenols, polyethylene glycol, and other polyhydroxy compounds. TROCLOSENE POTASSIUM (2244-21-5) Thermally unstable; decomposes above 465"F/24OoC; once ignited, fire is self-sustaining throughout the mass. Reacts with water, releasing chlorine gas, nitrogen trichloride, and forming a chlorine bleach solution. A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with reducing agents, ammonia, ammonium salts, amines, calcium hypochlorite, combustible materials, nitrogenous materials, organic substances, easily oxidized materials. TROLAMINE (102-71-6) Combustible liquid or crystalline solid (flash point 354"F/179"C). Aqueous solution is an organic base. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, mercury, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Corrodes aluminum, copper, its alloys, tin, zinc. TROLEN@or TROLENE@(299-84-3) Temperatures above 300"F/150°C may cause explosive decomposition. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with antimony(V) pentafluoride, lead diacetate, magnesium, silver nitrate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. TROPILIDENE (544-25-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. May form unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TROPILIDIN (544-25-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (39"F/4"C). Violent reaction with oxidizers. May form unstable peroxides, unless inhibited. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. TROTYL or TROTYL OIL (118-96-7) High explosive; protect from shock, friction, concussion, and heat. Rapid heating will cause detonation. Slow decomposition occurs above 356"F/18OoC.Explodes when heated above 450°F/232"C. Exposure to light may increase impact sensitivity. Strong oxidizers may cause fire. Contact with ammonia or strong alkalis may increase sensitivity to shock. Violent reaction with reducing agents. Reacts vigorously with oxidizable and combustible materials, heavy metals, activated carbon. TROVIDUER@(75-01-4) Extremely flammable liquefied gas (flash point - 108"F/-78"C). Forms unstable peroxides with atmospheric oxygen, strong oxidizers, and various contaminants; possible violent polymerization. Polymerization can occur when heated or on long-term exposure to light. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers or oxides of nitrogen. Contact with
1212
TRUE AMMONIUM SULFIDE
copper or other acetylide-forming metals forms sensitive explosive compounds. Reacts with aluminum, copper, and their alloys. Attacks iron and steel in the presence of moisture. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material.
TRUE AMMONIUM SULFIDE (12124-99-1) The anhydrous material [(NH,),S] is pyrophoric in air; it decomposes at room temperature, forming hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Stable below 32"F/0°C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Contact with acids forms hydrogen sulfide and/or sulfur dioxide. Contact with strong bases produces ammonia. Corrodes aluminum, brass, copper, zinc, and related alloys; attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The commercial product [a 40% solution in water (NH,HS)] is stable. TRYPAN BLUE (72-57-1) Incompatible withe strong oxidizers. 2,4,5-T, SODIUM SALT (93-79-8) Combustible liquid (flash point 265"-420"F/ 129"-2 16°C oc). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, bromine, 90% hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus trichloride, silver powders or dust. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Incompatible with silver compounds. May attack some forms of plastics. May corrode metal pipes. TULISAN (137-26-8) Combustible solid (flash point 192"F/89"C). Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions; contact with strong acid or oxidizable materials produces toxic gases. TULUYLEN DISOCYANAT (German) (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with air (Rash point 260°F/1 27°C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattcring; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonylchloride, benzene-1,3-disulfonylchloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produces nitrogen oxides and isocyanates.
TULUYLENE-2,4-DISOCYANAT (German) (584-84-9) Forms explosive mixture with
air (flash point 260"FA 27°C). Incompatible with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines (may cause foam and spatter), amides, alcohols, glycols, caprolactum solution, organometallics. Reacts with water, acids, or alcohol, causing violent foaming and spattering; forms carbon dioxide and an organic base; a pressure-rise explosion hazard. Contact with bases, tertiary amines, acyl chlorides (e.g., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene- 1,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc.) can cause explosive polymerization. Attacks copper and its alloys, some plastics including polyethylene, and rubber. Combustion produces nitrogen oxides and isocyanates.
TUNGSTEN (7440-33-7) The finely divided dust or powder is highly flammable and may ignite spontaneously in air and when exposed to flame. The powdered metal may ignite on contact with oxiders. Violent reaction with chlorine and fluorine compounds. TUNGSTEN CARBIDE [12070-12-1; 12718-69-3 (92% WC:8% CO); 11107-01-0 (85% WC:15% Co); 37329-49-0 (78% WC:14% Co:8% Ti)] Finely divided material reacts
TYRANTON
1213
violently with powerful oxidizers, fluorine, chlorine trifluoride, iodine pentafluoride, mercuric iodine, nitric oxide, nitrogen oxide, lead dioxide.
TURPENTINE or TURPENTINE STEAM DISTILLED (8006-64-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95"F/3S0C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogens, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, calcium hypochloride, chromyl chloride. dichlorine oxide, ethylene, nitric acid, tin(IV) chloride. Incompatible with strong acids, chromic anhydride, chromyl chloride, diatomaceous earth, hexachloromelamine, stannic chloride. Attacks ordinary rubber. TURPENTINE SUBSTITUTE (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 8S°F/-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
TUTANE (13952-84-6) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point lS°F/ -9OC). An organic base. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, maleic anhydride, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Attacks some metals. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
TYRANTON (123-42-2) Forms explosive mixture with air above 136"F158"C. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Decomposes on contact with strong acids or strong bases, forming acetone and mesityl oxide. Reacts with alkali metals, forming explosive hydrogen. Incompatible with aliphatic amines, isocyanates. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, benzoyl peroxide, chromic acid, chromium trioxide, dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide, ethylene oxide, hypochlorous acid, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, nitrogen dioxide, pentafluoroguanidine, phosphorus pentasulfide, tangerine oil, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum. Attacks some forms of plastics, resins, and rubber. Note: The commercial grade contains acetone. The acetone-free flash point is 148"F/64"C.
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U UAN@-NITROGENSOLUTION (15978-77-5) Reacts violently with copper and its alloys. Incompatible with oxidizers, acids, amides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, combustible materials, epichlorohydrin, organic substances, isocyanates, sulfur, vinyl acetate. Attacks lead, zinc. UCANE ALKYLATE 12 (123-01-3) Combustible liquid (275"F/135"C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers; poses risk of fire or explosions. UNDECANOIC ACID or n-UNDECANOIC ACID (112-37-8) Combustible solid (flash point >23OoF/>1 10°C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks many common metals. UNDECANOL or 1-UNDECANOL (103-08-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 235"F/113"C oc). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, strong acids, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with boranes, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide, nitrogen tetroxide, tri-isobutyl aluminum. n-UNDECOIC ACID (112-37-8) Combustible solid (flash point >230"F/> 110°C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks many common metals. UNDECYL ALCOHOL (103-08-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 235"F/113"C oc). Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, sodium peroxide, strong acids, uranium fluoride. Incompatible with boranes, caustics, aliphatic amines, isocyanates, acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide, nitrogen tetroxide, tri-isobutyl aluminum. n-UNDECYLIC ACID (112-37-8) Combustible solid (flash point >230°F/> 110°C cc). Dust or powder forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks many common metals. UNSLAKED LLME (1305-78-8) Violent reaction with water, evolving high quantities of heat. Violent reaction and possible ignition, or explosion with acids, anilinium perchlorate, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen trisulfide, isopropyl isocyanide dichloride, light metals, lithium, 1215
1216
URANIUM; URANIUM, METALLIC; or URANIUM POWDER
magnesium, powdered aluminum, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur trioxide. Increases the explosive sensitivity of azides or nitro-alkanes (e.g., nitroethane, nitromethane, 1-nitropropane, etc.). Incompatible with boron trifluoride, carbon dioxide, ethanol, halogens, metal halides, phosphorus pentoxide, selenium oxychloride, sulfur dioxide.
URANIUM; URANIUM, METALLIC; or URANIUM POWDER (7440-61-1) Finely divided material is pyrophoric. Contact with air in the presence of moisture may self-ignite. Turnings and finely divided material stored outdoors in closed containers under water or water-soluble oil may partially convert to uranium hydride and eventually ignite during hot weather. Violent reaction with water, strong oxidizers, bromine trifluoride, chlorine, fluorine, strong acids, ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, nitric oxide, nitryl fluoride, nitric acid, selenium, sulfur, trichloroethylene.
URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE (10049-14-6) Violent reaction with water, steam, ethanol, producing hydrofluoric acid. Violent reaction with aromatic hydrocarbons, bromine trifluoride, Aqueous solution increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane and is incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, alcohols, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, ethers, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Aqueous solution attacks glass, ceramics, and silicacontaining substances such as cast iron. URANIUM HYDRIDE or URANIUM(LI1) HYDRIDE (13598-56-6) Finely divided material is pyrophoric and thermally sensitive; forms explosive mixture with air. Dust or powder reacts with water, acids, forming heat and emitting flammable hydrogen; spontaneous ignition can result. Reacts violently with halocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbons, strong oxidizers.
URANIUM NITRATE (10102-06-4) Not flammable but will intensify an existing fire. Reacts with water, producing weak solution of nitric acid. Contact with steam may cause explosion. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, ethers, fuels, organic substances, powdered metals. Incompatible with cellulose. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture. URANYL NITRATE (10102-06-4) Not flammable but will intensify an existing fire. Reacts with water, producing weak solution of nitric acid. Contact with steam may cause explosion. A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with many materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, ethers, fuels, organic substances, powdered metals. Incompatible with cellulose. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture.
UREA (57-13-6) Heat or contact with hot surfaces forms anhydrous ammonia and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, inorganic chlorides, chlorites, chromyl chloride, dichromates, dicyanofurazan, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, lead dioxide, nitrates, nitrites, permanganates, perchlorates, triethylenetetramine. Ignition or explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate, chromyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride. Contact with hexanitroethane, perchloryl fluoride, sodium perchlorate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, hypochlorites, and other chlorinating agents can form the highly explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with oxalic acid, phosphorus pentachloride, sodium dichlorocyanurate.
UROTROPIN
1217
UREA-AMMONIUM NITRATE SOLUTION (WITH AQUA AMMONIA) (1597877-5) Reacts violently with copper and its alloys. Incompatible with oxidizers, acids, amides, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, organic anhydrides, combustible materials, epichlorohydrin, organic substances, isocyanates, sulfur, vinyl acetate. Attacks lead, zinc. URETHANE (51-79-6) Incompatible with 2-naphtho1, gallium, perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride, strong oxidizers. UREVERT (57-13-6) Heat or contact with hot surfaces forms anhydrous ammonia and nitrous vapors. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, inorganic chlorides, chlorites, chromyl chloride, dichromates, dicyanofurazan, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, lead dioxide, nitrates, nitrites, permanganates, perchlorates, triethylenetetramine. Ignition or explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate, chromyl chloride, nitrosyl perchlorate, phosphorus pentachloride. Contact with hexanitroethane, perchloryl fluoride, sodium perchlorate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, hypochlorites, and other chlorinating agents can form the highly explosive nitrogen trichloride. Incompatible with oxalic acid, phosphorus pentachloride, sodium dichlorocyanurate. UROTROPIN (100-97-0) Combustible solid (flash point 482"F/25OoC).Incompatible with acids, l-bromopentaborane(9), organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, iodine, iodoform, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactam solution, sodium peroxide, strong oxidizers. Attacks aluminum, copper, lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
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V VALERALDEHYDE or n-VALERALDEHYDE (110-62-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines. VALERIANIC ALDEHYDE (110-62-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines. VALERIC ACID (109-52-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 205"F/96"C). Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, strong oxidizers. VALERIC ACID ALDEHYDE (110-62-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines. VALERIC ALDEHYDE or n-VALERICALDEHYDE (110-62-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 54"F/12"C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines. VALERONE (108-83-8) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 120"F/ 49°C). Incompatible with strong acids, aliphatic amines, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, coatings, and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. VALINE ALDEHYDE (78-84-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point - 1"F/- 18°C). Oxidizes slowly in air, forming isobutyric acid. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bromines, ketones. Incompatible with caustics, ammonia, amines. VAM (108-05-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 18"F/-7"C). Polymerizes readily if not inhibited; elevated temperatures, the influence of light, air, oxygen, water, or peroxides can initiate reaction. Must be stabilized (hydroquinone or diphenylamine is recommended) to prevent polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Reacts with nonoxidizing mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, bases, azo compounds, oleum, ozone (forms explosive: vinyl acetate ozonite), 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyeneimine, ethyleneimine, toluene. The vapor may react vigorously with dessicants [e.g., silica gel or aluminum oxide (alumina)]. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. The uninhibited monomer vapor may block vents and confined spaces by forming a solid polymer material. 1219
1220
VANADIC ANHYDRIDE
VANADIC ANHYDRIDE (1314-62-1) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions or enhance the combustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. A strong oxidizer. Reacts with strong acids, calcium, chlorine trifluoride, peroxyformic acid, combustible materials, organic substances, sulfur, water. Reacts with lithium at elevated temperatures. Contact with alkalis forms water-soluble vanadates. Aqueous solution is acidic; incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, chlorine trifluoride, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, peroxyformic acid, vinyl acetate. VANADIC SULFATE (27774-13-6) Incompatible with strong oxidizcrs such as chlorine or fluorine, aluminum, magnesium. VANADIO, PENTOSSIDO di (ITALIAN) (1314-62-1) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions or enhance the coinbustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. A strong oxidizer. Reacts with strong acids, calcium, chlorine trifluoride, peroxyformic acid, combustible materials, organic substances, sulfur, water. Reacts with lithium at elevated temperatures. Contact with alkalis forms water-soluble vanadates. Aqueous solution is acidic; incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, chlorine trifluoride, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, peroxyformic acid, vinyl acetate. VANADIUM (7440-62-2) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bromine trifluoride, chlorine, lithium, nitryl fluoride, nitric, hydrofluoric, or concentrated sulfuric acids. It reacts with chlorine at 356"F/18OoC, forming vanadium tetrachloride. Forms water-soluble vanadates in alkalis. VANADIUM(1V) CHLORIDE (7632-51-1) Decomposes in air and light, forming hydrogen chloride and vanadium pentoxide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, producing heat and forming hydrogen chloride, vanadium trichloride, vanadium oxychloride. Keep away from radiant heat, flammable materials, organic substances. Violent reaction with potassium. Reacts with lithium, chlorine, and trifluoride, slowly decomposing to vanadium trichloride and hydrogen chloride. Store under inert gas. Chill to below 68"F/20°C before opening. Open containers in dry, oxygen-free atmosphere or in inert gas, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. VANADIUM OXIDE or VANADIUM(V) OXIDE (1314-62-1) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions or enhance the combustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. A strong oxidizer. Reacts with strong acids, calcium, chlorine trifluoride, peroxyformic acid, combustible materials, organic substances, sulfur, water. Reacts with lithium at elevated temperatures. Contact with alkalis forms water-soluble vanadates. Aqueous solution is acidic; incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, chlorine trifluoride, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, peroxyformic acid, vinyl acetate. VANADIUM OXIDE, SULFATE or VANADIUM OXYSULFATE (27774-13-6) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as chlorine or fluorine, aluminum, magnesium. VANADIUM OXYTRICHLORlDE (7727-18-6) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Air contact causes
VANADIUM TRIOXIDE
1221
formation of corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with many substances, including bases, sodium, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
VANADIUM PENTOXIDE (1314-62-1) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions or enhance the combustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. A strong oxidizer. Reacts with strong acids, calcium, chlorine trifluoride, peroxyformic acid, combustible materials, organic substances, sulfur, water. Reacts with lithium at elevated temperatures. Contact with alkalis forms water-soluble vanadates. Aqueous solution is acidic; incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, chlorine trifluoride, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, peroxyformic acid, vinyl acetate. VANADIUM, PENTOXYDE de (French) (1314-62-1) Noncombustible, but may initiate fire or explosions or enhance the combustibility or oxidation rate of materials that are noncombustible in air. A strong oxidizer. Reacts with strong acids, calcium, chlorine trifluoride, peroxyformic acid, combustible materials, organic substances, sulfur, water. Reacts with lithium at elevated temperatures. Contact with alkalis forms water-soluble vanadates. Aqueous solution is acidic; incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, chlorine trifluoride, epichlorohydrin, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, peroxyformic acid, vinyl acetate. VANADIUM SESQUJOXIDE (1314-34-7) On exposure to air, it is gradually converted into vanadium tetraoxide; may self-ignite in hot air. Incompatible with calcium, lithium, and halogenated compounds such as chlorine trifluoride. VANADIUM TETRACHLORIDE (7632-51-1) Decomposes in air and light, forming hydrogen chloride and vanadium pentoxide fumes. Violent decomposition in water, producing heat and forming hydrogen chloride, vanadium trichloride, vanadium oxychloride. Keep away from radiant heat, flammable materials, organic substances. Violent reaction with potassium. Reacts with lithium, chlorine, and trifluoride, slowly decomposing to vanadium trichloride and hydrogen chloride. Store under inert gas. Chill to below 68"F/20°C before opening. Open containers in dry, oxygen-free atmosphere or in inert gas, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. VANADIUM TRICHLORIDE OXIDE (7727-18-6) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Air contact causes formation of corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with many substances, including bases, sodium, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. VANADIUM TRIOXIDE (1314-34-7) On exposure to air. it is gradually converted into vanadium tetraoxide; may self-ignite in hot air. Incompatible with calcium, lithium, and halogenated compounds such as chlorine trifluoride.
1222
VANADYL CHLORIDE
VANADYL CHLORIDE (7727-18-6) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Air contact causes formation of corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with many substances, including bases, sodium, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. VANADYL SULFATE or VANADYL SULFATE DIHYDRATE (27774-13-6) Incompatible with strong oxidizers such as chlorine or fluorine, aluminum, magnesium. VANADYL TRICHLORZDE (7727-18-6) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, forming hydrochloric acid. Air contact causes formation of corrosive hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts violently with many substances, including bases, sodium, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. VANZOATE (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. VARNISH MAKERS and PAINTERS NAPHTHA (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"F/-2" to 29OC). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. VARNOLINE (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 10Oo-14O0F/ 38"-6OoC). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. VARSOL@(Exxon) (8032-32-4) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 28" to 85"Fl-2" to 29°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. VENETIAN RED (1309-37-1) Violent reactions with powdered aluminum (thermite reaction), hydrogen peroxide, calcium disilicide (thermite reaction), ethylene oxide (may cause explosive polymerization), calcium hypochlorite, hydrazine, hydrogen trisulfide, powdered magnesium. Incompatible with powdered calcium carbide, carbon monoxide, chlorides, guanidinium perchlorate, metal acetylides. Contact with the explosive hydrazinium diperchlorate or ammonium perchlorate can be made more heat-, shock-, or friction-sensitive. Incompatible with aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys. VENZONATE (120-51-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 298"F/147"C cc). Reacts with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with nitrates. VERAZINC (7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases; evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible
VINEGAR NAPHTHA
1223
with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate.
VETIOL (121-75-5) Conibustible liquid (flash point >32S°F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. VIENNA GREEN (12002-03-8) Contact with strong oxidizers chlorine, fluorine, peroxides may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible, or may form highly sensitive and unstable materials such as acetylides, with acetylene, glycidol, hydrazine, hydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium perchlorate, lead azide, mercurous chloride, nitropropane, picric acid, silver nitrate. VIENNA WHITE (471-34-1) Contact with acids forms carbon dioxide gas. Incompatible with ammonium salts. fluorine. VIKANE or VIKANE FUMIGANT (Dow) (2699-79-8) A compressed gas. Reacts with moisture. High temperatures may cause cylinders to burst. See 29 CFR 1910.101 for specific storage regulations. VILLIAUMITE (7681-49-4) Reacts with acids, forming hydrogen fluoride. Aqueous solution attacks glass and reacts violently with xenon hexafluoride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin. VINAMAR (109-92-2) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 230"F/> 110°C). Incompatible with acids, bases, strong oxidizers. ZIMTALDEHYDE (104-55-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 231°F/1 1l°C). A strong reducing agent. Contact with oxidizers, sodium hydroxide can cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, alkaline earth and alkali metals; elevated temperatures will increase reaction. Attacks iron, aluminum, plastics, and coatings. 1247
1248
ZINC; ZINC DUST or ZINC POWDER or ZINC, PYROPHORIC
ZINC; ZINC DUST or ZINC POWDER or ZINC, PYROPHORIC (7440-66-6) Extremely flammable solid. Unless stabilized, dust or powder forms a pyrophoric mixture with air. A strong reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers, chromic anhydride, manganese chloride, chlorates, chlorine, magnesium, sulfur, halogenated hydrocarbons, 4 4 methylene bis(2-chloroaniline), and many other substances, causing fire and explosion hazard. Reacts with aqueous solutions of arsenicals: dimethylarsinic acid, etc. Reacts with water and violently with acids, alkali hydroxides, and bases, forming highly flammable hydrogen gas. Due to low electric conductivity, this substance may generate electrostatic charges as a result of agitation and flow. ZINC ACETATE (557-34-6) Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases. Moisture may cause hydrolysis/decomposition. ZINC ACETATE DIHYDRATE (557-34-6) Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases. Moisture may cause hydrolysis/decomposition. ZINC BICHROMATE (14018-95-2) An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, hydrazines, organic substances, metal powders. ZINC BROMIDE (7699-45-8) Violent reaction with alkali metals, including metallic sodium, potassium. Store above 32"F/0°C. ZINC BUTTER (7646-85-7) Reacts with water, forming an acidic solution (pH about 4); zinc oxychloride may be formed with large amounts of water. Violent reaction with strong bases, potassium. Attacks metals as fume or in the presence of moisture. ZINC CHLORIDE (7646-85-7) Reacts with water, forming an acidic solution (pH about 4); zinc oxychloride may be formed with large amounts of water. Violent reaction with strong bases, potassium. Attacks metals as fume or in the presence of moisture. ZINC (CHLORURE de) (French) (7646-85-7) Reacts with water, forming an acidic solution (pH about 4); zinc oxychloride may be formed with large amounts of water. Violent reaction with strong bases, potassium. Attacks metals as fume or in the presence of moisture. ZINC CHROMATE(V1) HYDROXIDE (13530-65-9) An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials. ZINC CHROMATES (12018-19-8; 14018-95-2; 13530-65-9) An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, hydrazines, organic substances, metal powders. ZINC CHROME YELLOW (13530-65-9) An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials. ZINC CHROMITE (12018-19-8) bustibles, organic materials.
An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, com-
ZINC CHROMIUM OXIDES (12018-19-8; 14018-95-2; 13530-65-9) An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, hydrazines, organic substances, metal powders.
ZINC ETHIDE
1249
ZINC CYANIDE (557-21-1) Reacts with acids, acid fumes, acid salts, or elevated temperatures, releasing hydrogen cyanide gas. Can react violently with magnesium, nitrates. Incompatible with nitrites, chlorates. Mixtures of metal cyanides with metal chlorates, nitrates, nitrites, or perchlorates may cause violent explosions. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, fluorine, mercurous chloride, nitric acid. Violent reaction with sodium nitrite. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. ZINC DIACETATE (557-34-6) Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases. Moisture may cause hydrolysis/decomposition. ZINC DIBROMIDE (7699-45-8) Violent reaction with alkali metals, including metallic sodium, potassium. Store above 32"F/0°C. ZINC DICHLORIDE (7646-85-7) Reacts with water, forming an acidic solution (pH about 4); zinc oxychloride may be formed with large amounts of water. Violent reaction with strong bases, potassium. Attacks metals as fume or in the presence of moisture. ZINC DICHROMATE (14018-95-2) An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, hydrazines, organic substances, metal powders.
ZINC DICHROMATE(V1) (14018-95-2)
An oxidizer. Reacts with reducing agents, alcohols, combustible materials, ethers, hydrazines, organic substances, metal powders.
ZINC DICYANIDE (557-21-1) Reacts with acids, acid fumes, acid salts, or elevated temperatures, releasing hydrogen cyanide gas. Can react violently with magnesium, nitrates. Incompatible with nitrites, chlorates. Mixtures of metal cyanides with metal chlorates, nitrates, nitrites, or perchlorates may cause violent explosions. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, fluorine, mercurous chloride, nitric acid. Violent reaction with sodium nitrite. Forms sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate. ZINC DIFLUORIDE (7783-49-5) Reacts with water, forming an acid solution. Violent reaction with boron, bromine pentafluoride, calcium disilicide, calcium hydride, oxygen difluoride, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. ZINC DISTEARATE (557-05-1) Combustible solid (flash point 53OoF/277"C).Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ZINC DITHIONITE (7779-86-4) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ZINC ETHIDE (557-20-0) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reaction with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Explosive decomposition occurs in elevated temperatures above 245"F/120°C. Reacts violently with some alcohols,
1250
ZINC ETHYL
bromine, hydrazine, ozone, disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, thionyl chloride. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds . Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under inert gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations.
ZINC ETHYL (557-20-0) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reaction with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Explosive decomposition occurs in elevated temperatures above 245"F/12OoC. Reacts violently with some alcohols, bromine, hydrazine, ozone, disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, thionyl chloride. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds . Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under inert gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations. ZINC FLUORIDE (7783-49-5) Reacts with water, forming an acid solution. Violent reaction with boron, bromine pentafluoride, calcium disilicide, calcium hydride, oxygen difluoride, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. ZINC FLUORURE (French) (7783-49-5) Reacts with water, forming an acid solution. Violent reaction with boron, bromine pentafluoride, calcium disilicide, calcium hydride, oxygen difluoride, potassium. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitromethane, organic anhydrides, vinyl acetate. Corrodes metals in the presence of moisture. ZINC HYDROSULFITE (7779-86-4) Reacts with water, steam, or acids, forming corrosive acid solution and sulfur oxide fumes. Incompatible with lead diacetate, mercury(1) chloride. Aqueous solution is incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ZINC HYDROXYCHROMATE (13530-65-9) An oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials. ZINCITE (1314-13-2) Incompatible with linseed oil, magnesium, chlorinated rubber (at 41Y0F/215"C). Slowly decomposed by water. ZINC METHYL (544-97-8) Pyrophoric; ignites spontaneously on contact with air or oxidizers. Violent reaction with water, forming explosive ethane gas. Violent reaction with bromine, 2,2-dichloropropane, oxygen gas, hydrazine, ozone, disulfur dichloride, phosphorus tribromide. phosphorus trichloride, and other nonmetal halides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide. Incompatible with halogenated compounds, nitrocompounds . Reacts with many common extinguishing agents; do not use water, foam, halogenated agents, carbon dioxide. In case of fire, use Clasr D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. Store or package under dry nitrogen gas. Follow supplier's MSDS for specific recommendations.
ZlNC STEARATE
1251
ZINC MURIATE SOLUTION (7646-85-7) Reacts with water, forming an acidic solution (pH about 4); zinc oxychloride may be formed with large amounts of water. Violent reaction with strong bases, potassium. Attacks metals as fume or in the presence of moisture. ZINC NITRATE (7779-88-6) Noncombustible, but will enhance the combustibility of other materials. Many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible materials, organic substances, metallic powders, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, carbon, dimethylformamide, metal cyanides, metal sulfides, phosphorus, sodium acetylide, sulfur, thiocyanates. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ZINC NITRATE HEXAHYDRATE (7779-88-6) Noncombustible, but will enhance the combustibility of other materials. Many chemical reactions can cause fire and explosions. A strong oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, strong oxidizers, combustible materials, organic substances, metallic powders, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, carbon, dimethylformamide, metal cyanides, metal sulfides, phosphorus, sodium acetylide, sulfur, thiocyanates. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. ZINC0 (CLORURO di) (Italian) (7646-85-7) Reacts with water, forming an acidic solution (pH about 4);zinc oxychloride may be formed with large amounts of water. Violent reaction with strong bases, potassium. Attacks metals as fume or in the presence of moisture. ZINC OCTADECANOATE (557-05-1) Combustible solid (flash point 53OoF/277"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. ZINCOID@(1314-13-2) Incompatible with linseed oil, magnesium, chlorinated rubber (at 419"F/215"C). Slowly decomposed by water. ZINC OXIDE (1314-13-2) Incompatible with linseed oil, magnesium, chlorinated rubber (at 419"F/215"C). Slowly decomposed by water. ZINC PHOSPHIDE (1314-84-7) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with water, steam, moisture in air, acids, andlor heat, producing fumes of phosphorus, zinc oxides, flammable phosphine. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorine, fluorine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with carbon dioxide, halogenated compounds. Reacts with most common extinguishing agents. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium chlorate. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. ZINC STEARATE (557-05-1) Combustible solid (flash point 53OoF/277"C). Dust and powder form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate. Incompatible with nitrates. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity.
1252
ZINC SULFATE
ZINC SULFATE (7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases: evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. ZINC SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE (7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases; evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. ZINC TETRAOXYCHROMATE 76A (13530-65-9) An oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials.
ZINC TOX@(1314-84-7) Combustible solid. Dust forms explosive mixture with air. Reacts with water, steam, moisture in air, acids, and/or heat, producing fumes of phosphorus, zinc oxides, flammable phosphine. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, chlorine, fluorine, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid. Incompatible with carbon dioxide, halogenated compounds. Reacts with most common extinguishing agents. Forms heat-, friction-, and shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium chlorate. In case of fire, use Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. ZINC VITRIOL (7733-02-0) Incompatible with strong bases; evolves heat. Violent reaction with phosphorus, finely divided aluminum or magnesium. Aqueous solution is incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate.
ZINC WHITE (1314-13-2) Incompatible with linseed oil, magnesium, chlorinated rubber (at 419"F/2 15°C). Slowly decomposed by water. ZINC YELLOW (13530-65-9) An oxidizer: reacts with reducing agents, combustibles, organic materials.
ZINKCHLORID (German) (7646-85-7) Reacts with water, forming an acidic solution (pH about 4); zinc oxychloride may be formed with large amounts of water. Violent reaction with strong bases, potassium. Attacks metals as fume or in the presence of moisture.
ZINN (German) (7440-31-5) Finely divided material is combustible and forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with moisture in air forms tin dioxide. Violent reaction with strong acids, strong oxidizers, ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, bis-o-azido benzoyl peroxide, bromates, bromine, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, bromine azide, cadmium, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine, chlorine monofluoride, chlorine nitrate, chlorine pentafluoride, chlorites, copper(I1) nitrate, fluorine, hydriodic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, nitrosyl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, perchlorates, perchloroethylene, potassium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, sulfur, sulfur dichloride. Reacts with alkalis, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Incompatible with arsenic compounds, azochloramide, benzene diazonium-4-sulfonate, benzyl chloride, chloric acid, cobalt chloride, copper oxide, 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane. hexafluorobenzene, hydrazinium nitrate, glicidol, iodine heptafluoride,
ZIRCONIUM CHLORIDE
1253
iodine monochloride, iodine pentafluoride, lead monoxide, mercuric oxide, nitryl fluoride, peroxyformic acid, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, tellurium, turpentine, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxide, titanium dioxide. Contact with acetaldehyde may cause polymerization. May form explosive compounds with hexachloroethane, pentachloroethane, picric acid, potassium iodate, potassium peroxide, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene- 1,3,5-triol.
ZINNTETRACHLORID (German) (7646-78-8) Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride fumes. Reacts with water, producing much heat, hydrochloric acid, tin oxide. Violent reaction with bases, oxidizers, organic materials, phenyl azide, silicon tetrahydride. Contact with alcohols, alkyl nitrates, amines, ethylene oxide, potassium, sodium, turpentine may cause fire and explosions. Contact with ethylene oxide may cause violent polymerization. Incompatible with glycidol. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Corrosive to metals, especially in the presence of moisture. ZIRCAT@(7440-67-7) Finely divided material is spontaneously flammable in air; may ignite and continue to burn under water. Violent reactions with oxidizers, alkali hydroxides, alkali metals (and their compounds), carbon tetrachloride, cupric oxide, lead, lead oxide, lead peroxide (combined material can burn explosively, and is sensitive to friction and static electricity), nitryl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, phosphorus, potassium, potassium compounds (potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate), sodium borate, sodium hydroxide. Explodes if mixed with hydrated borax when heated. Contact with lithium chromate may cause explosion above 752"F/45OoC.Forms explosive mixture with potassium chlorate. Dusts of zirconium ignite and explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. Contact with ammonium-N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine above 1O4"F/4O0Cforms an explosive material. Incompatible with boron, carbon, nitrogen, halogens, lead, platinum, potassium nitrate. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay. ZIRCONIUM (7440-67-7) Finely divided material is spontaneously flammable in air; may ignite and continue to bum under water. Violent reactions with oxidizers, alkali hydroxides, alkali metals (and their compounds), carbon tetrachloride, cupric oxide, lead, lead oxide, lead peroxide (combined material can bum explosively, and is sensitive to friction and static electricity), nitryl fluoride, oxygen difluoride, phosphorus, potassium, potassium compounds (potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate), sodium borate, sodium hydroxide. Explodes if mixed with hydrated borax when heated. Contact with lithium chromate may cause explosion above 752"F/45OoC. Forms explosive mixture with potassium chlorate. Dusts of zirconium ignite and explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. Contact with ammonium-N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamineabove 1O4"F/4O0Cforms an explosive material. Incompatible with boron, carbon, nitrogen, halogens, lead, platinum, potassium nitrate. In case of fire, use approved Class D extinguishers or smothering quantities of dry sand, crushed limestone, clay.
ZIRCONIUM CARBIDE (ZrC) (N/A) Finely divided material is spontaneously flammable in air. Reacts with strong oxidizers, bromine, chlorine, fluorine, iodine. Dusts of zirconium compounds ignite and explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. ZIRCONIUM CHLORIDE (10026-11-6) Decomposes in the presence of moist air, forming a dense white cloud and hydrogen chloride fumes; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, steam, releasing heat, a dense white cloud, and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with bromine pentafluoride, lithium, oxygen difluoride, tetrahydrofuran. Contact with alkali metals may cause explosions. Incompatible with ammonium-N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings.
1254
ZIRCONIUM(1V) CHLORIDE
ZIRCONIUM(1V) CHLORIDE (10026-11-6) Decomposes in the presence of moist air, forming a dense white cloud and hydrogen chloride fumes; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, steam, releasing heat, a dense white cloud, and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with bromine pentafluoride, lithium, oxygen difluoride, tetrahydrofuran. Contact with alkali metals may cause explosions. Incompatible with ammonium-N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. ZIRCONIUM DICARBIDE (12070-14-3) Violent reaction with fluorine and other strong oxidizers at elevated temperatures. ZIRCONIUM DIHYDRIDE (7740-99-6) Flammable solid; dangerous when wet. A powerful reducing agent; violent reaction with oxidizers. Dusts of zirconium compounds ignite and explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. Spontaneous ignition occurs when heated in air. ZIRCONIUM HYDRIDE (7740-99-6) Flammable solid; dangerous when wet. A powerful reducing agent; violent reaction with oxidizers. Spontaneous ignition occurs when heated in air. Dusts of zirconium compounds ignite and explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. ZIRCONIUM NITRATE (13746-89-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals, organic substances, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, metal cyanides, thiocyanates, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Incompatible with esters, many other substances. Attacks metals. ZIRCONIUM NITRATE PENTAHYDRATE (13746-89-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals. organic substances, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, metal cyanides, thiocyanates, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Incompatible with esters, many other substances. Attacks metals. ZIRCONIUM(1V) SULFATE (14644-61-2) Incompatible with aluminum, magnesium. Dusts of zirconium compounds ignite and explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. ZIRCONIUM TETRACHLORIDE (10026-11-6) Decomposes in the presence of moist air, forming a dense white cloud and hydrogen chloride fumes; may ignite spontaneously. Reacts with water, steam, releasing heat, a dense white cloud, and hydrogen chloride. Violent reaction with bromine pentafluoride, lithium, oxygen difluoride, tetrahydrofuran. Contact with alkali metals may cause explosions. Incompatible with ammonium-N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. ZIRCONIUM TETRANITRATE (13746-89-9) A powerful oxidizer. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials, powdered metals, organic substances, acetic anhydride, tert-butylhydroperoxide, metal cyanides, thiocyanates, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with amines, ammonium hexacyanoferrate(II), boranes, cyanides, citric acid, esters, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, organic azides, organic bases, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid. Incompatible with esters, many other substances. Attacks metals.
ZYTOX@
1255
ZITHIOL (121-75-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >325"F/> 163°C). Incompatible with strong oxidizers, magnesium, perchloric acid, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals, some plastics, rubber, and coatings. ZOGEN@DEVELOPER-H (95-80-7) Incompatible with oxidizers, strong acids, chloroformates, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, aldehydes, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate. Contact with diisopropyl perdicarbonate may cause explosion. Attacks aluminum, brass, bronze, copper, zinc. ZOPAQUE (13463-67-7) Powders or dust react with strong acids, strong oxidizers. Violent reaction with aluminum, calcium, hydrazine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, especially at elevated temperatures. Dust or powder can ignite and then explode in a carbon dioxide atmosphere.
ZOTOX@(7778-39-4) Reacts with strong acids, acid fumes, forming toxic arsenic fumes. Incompatible with alkalis, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides, oxidizers, epichlorohydrin, vinyl'acetate, amides. Weak acid; slowly reacts with mild steel, galvanized metals, and brass. ZYTOX@(74-83-9) Combustible gas, but not easily ignited; it has narrow flammability limits in air (10-16% by volume in air). The sensitivity of these limits may be widened by pressure, oxygen, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys. Reacts with water. Attacks aluminum to form pyrophoric alkyl aluminum salts. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, metals, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene oxide, water. Attacks zinc, magnesium, alkali metals, and their alloys. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
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GLOSSARY
acetates: Esters or salts of acetic acid. Containing the radical CH,COO-. Esters are generally incompatible with nitrates. Moisture may cause hydrolysis or other forms of decomposition. acetylene compounds (acetylenic compounds): Compounds having the radical =CHCH=, as in acetylene tetrachloride, Cl,CHCHCl,. The explosive tendencies of these compounds may be increased by the presence of halogens and/or heavy metal derivatives. They can react, possibly violently, or form highly unstable metal acetylides, compounds where the H atom is replaced by a metal such as cobalt, copper, magnesium, mercury, silver, their compounds or alloys; contain the anions C; or HC;, viz, silver acetylide, Ag,C,, or AgC=CAg. acid anhydrides: A compound derived from an acid by the elimination of one or more acid molecule. The corresponding acids may be regenerated by the addition of water; the process is often accompanied by the evolution of heat. These include acetic anhydride, maleic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, propionic anhydride, etc. acid chlorides: A compound containing the radical --COCl. For example, acetyl chloride, hydrochloric acid, benzoyl chloride, chloric acid, chloroacetic acid, chloroplatinic acid, dichloroacetic acid, perchloric acid, etc. acid halides: See Halides. acids: In general, any organic or inorganic chemical substance that acts as a proton-hydrogen ion-donor. Any chemical compound containing hydrogen replaceable by metals and having a pH of zero up to 7, the neutral point. Strong acids in the pH range of zero to 2 are corrosive and will cause chemical burns to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Acids turn litmus red. active metals: A general term used to describe chemically active metals: aluminum, copper, magnesium, neptunium, sodium, tin, titanium, zinc; finely divided or powdered metals; metal dusts, etc. acryl: Compounds containing the radical --CH:CHCHO or CH,:C(CHO)- or C,H,O,-. The acryl halides include acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, cyanuric chloride, phenyl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorous oxychloride, thionyl chloride, tolyl chloride. acyl: An organic radical R-CO-. Also called acid radicals because they are often produced from organic acids by the loss of a hydroxyl group (-OH), viz, acetyl, CH,CO--, benzoyl C,H,CO--, etc. acyl chlorides: Compounds derived from an organic acid by removal of the hydroxyl group (-OH) and replacement of a chlorine, and having the suffix -yZ chloride. See Acetyl; Benzenesulfonyl; Benzoyl, i.e., acetyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, o-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, benzene- 1,3-disulfonyl chloride fluoride, benzoyl chloride, etc. 1257
1258
GLOSSARY
adsorbents: Substances or materials that absorb (e.g., alumina, chabazite, charcoal, molecular sieve, silica gel). aerosol: Fine liquid or solid particles suspended in air (dispersed in a gas), the particle size often being in the 0.01 to 100 micron range. Natural aerosols include smoke (solid particles) and fog (liquid particles). Manmade aerosols are manufactured by filling a valved container, usually a can, with a suspension (e.g., paint, insecticides, cosmetics) in a gas under pressure. alcohols: Any one of a class of organic compounds derived from hydrocarbons by the substitution of one or more hydroxyl group(s) (-OH) for an equal number of hydrogen atoms. Alcohols are named in IUPAC nomenclature by the substitution of the -01 for the final -e of the parent hydrocarbon name: i.e., ethane * ethanol; methane + methanol, etc. Alcohols are reducing agents that react, possibly violently, with many substances, including. React violently with oxidizers, aliphatic amines, alkalies, boranes, isocyanates, nitric acid, sulfuric acid. aldehydes: Any one of a class of compounds derived from the primary alcohols by oxidation and characterized by the group -CHO. Aldehydes are named in IUPAC nomenclature by the substitution of the -a1 for the final -e of the parent hydrocarbon name: i.e., butane + butanal; ethane +ethanal; methane +methanal, etc. Aldehydes include acetaldehyde, acrolein, benzaldehyde, butyraldehyde, crotonaldehyde, decanal, formaldehyde, furfural, glutaraldehyde, isobutyaldehyde, propionaldehyde, trichloroacetaldehyde, etc. aliphatic: Pertaining to organic compounds or portions of organic compounds with carbon atoms arranged in open chains only; as alkanes. Substances such as methane and ethane are typical aliphatic hydrocarbons. alkali: A term loosely applied to the hydroxides and carbonates of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals (alkali metals), as well as the bicarbonate and hydroxide of ammonium. Any acid-destroying compound having a pH of 7 to 14. Strong alkalis (or bases) in the pH range of 12 to 14 are considered corrosive and will cause serious chemical bums to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Alkalis turn litmus blue. Widely used alkali substances include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, and potassium carbonate. alkali metal: Any one of the elements, lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, their alloys, oxides, and hydrides, all from the first group (Group IA) of the Periodic Table. The alkali metals are the most strongly electropositive of the metals. They react vigorously, at times violently, with water. As the atomic weight of these elements increases, the basicity increases, with cesium being the greatest. alkaline earth (metals): Any one of the metallic elements, barium, calcium, strontium, from Group IIA of the Periodic Table. Sometimes, magnesium is included. All form strong bases. alkaline earths: Oxides of the alkaline earth metals. alkaline reaction: Any reaction that increases the PH of a substance or system to 7 or above. alkane: One of a group of aliphatic hydrocarbons of the methane or paraffin series, having the generic formula CnH2n+2and the suffix - m e ; e.g., methane, ethane, propane. alkanolamine: Alkylolamine, alkylolamide. An aliphatic compound containing both the hydroxy (-OH) and amino (-NH,) groups. alkenes: One of a group of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (olefins) of the ethylene series, having one or more double bonds and the generic formula CnH2,, and the suffix - e m ; e.g., ethylene, methylene, propylene, etc.
GLOSSARY
1259
alkoxides: One of a group of compounds in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group (-OH) of an alcohol or phenol is replaced by a metal. alkyl: A generic name for any organic group or radical formed from an aliphatic hydrocarbon by the elimination of one atom of hydrogen from the corresponding hydrocarbon, thereby producing a monovalent radical. The saturated hydrocarbons, methane, ethane, propane, etc., minus 1H become methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, etc. alkynes: A group of hydrocarbons having one triple bond, the generic fomula C,H,,-,, acetylene, allylene, etc., and the suffix -yne. amides: A generic term for organic or organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH,). The organic amides contain the acyl radical --CO-NH,. Amides are highly soluble and will slowly hydrolyze in water, releasing ammonia and forming acetate salts. This process is accelerated with heat in an acid or caustic environment. amines: A generic term for various organic compounds that may be formed by substituting alkyl or aryl groups for the hydrogen atoms of ammonia. They are classified as primary, secondary (also called imines), or tertiary (also called nitriles) according to the number of hydrogen atoms so replaced. Thus, methylamine is a primary amine, dimethylamine is a secondary amine, and trimethylamine is a tertiary amine. Ethylmethylamine is a mixed amine. Amines include allylamine, n-amylamine, aniline, hutylamines, cyclohexylamine, diallylamine, di-n-amylamine, di-n-butylamine, 1,3-dirnethylbutylamine,ethanolamine, ethylamine, isohutylamine, isopropanolamine, isopropylamine, methylamine, morpholine, piperidine, n-propylamine, o-toluidine, triallylamine, triethanolamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, etc. All amines are substituted ammonia bases. ammonium salts: The radical NH,, which forms salts analogous to those of the alkali metals (e.g., ammonium acetate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium oxalate, ammonium stearate, etc.). anhydride: A substance or compound formed from another (usually an acid) by the elimination of water, and from which the original substance may be reformed when water is added. anhydrous: Containing no water. aprotic solvent: A solvent that is neither a proton acceptor nor a proton donor, and thus acts as neither an acid nor a base, e.g., dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylacetamide. aromatic compound: An organic compound derived from benzene (C6H6) and its derivatives, or other organic substances containing carbon atoms arranged in (unsaturated) closed rings, as distinguished from the aliphatic compounds (e.g., anthracene, aniline, benzene, naphthalene, phenol, etc.). aryl: An organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by the elimination of one atom of hydrogen, thus producing a univalent unit [e.g., phenyl derived from benzene C6H6.+ C,H,; tolyl (or benzyl) derived from toluene C,H, +C,H,, etc.]. autoignition temperature: The minimum temperature at which a substance will ignite spontaneously, or cause self-sustained combustion in the absence of any heated element, spark, or flame. The closer the autoignition temperature is to room temperature, the greater the risk of fire. azides: (1) Chemical compounds containing the anion N;. ( 2 ) Any of a group of explosive compounds whose molecules constitute a chain structure of double-bonded nitrogens attached to a metal or metal complex, halogen, hydrogen, or ammonium radical, or an organic radical. Hydrogen azide and the heavy metal azides are highly sensitive to detonation
1260
GLOSSARY
by heat, shock, and friction. Less sensitive are the azides of barium, calcium, and sodium. In the middle of this sensitivity spectrum are the organic azides. Similar to those for high explosives, the storage and shipments of azides are subject to legal directives. azo dyes: Dyes that contain one or more azo group(s) (-N=N-). Dye compounds that contain two, three, or four azo groups are termed disazo, trisazo, or tetrazo, respectively. base: (1) A substance that reacts with and neutralizes acids, forming salts and water. ( 2 ) Any substance that can replace the hydrogen of an acid, or which contains hydroxyl groups (-OH) capable of uniting with the hydrogen of an acid to form water and a salt, or which contains the trivalent nitrogen and can add directly to an acid to produce a salt in which the nitrogen is pentavalent. (3) A molecule or ion that acts as a proton acceptor. All bases create solutions having a pH of more than 7.0, the neutral point, and may be corrosive to skin and other human tissue. Strong bases (or alkali substances) in the pH range of 12 to 14 are considered corrosive and will cause chemical burns to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Alkalis turn litmus blue. boilingpoint: The temperature at which a product changes from a liquid to a vapor at normal atmospheric pressure (760 mm of Hg). Mixtures may not have a specific boiling point. boranes: The common name for boron hydrides (BH3). Powerful reducing agents, boranes evolve hydrogen upon contact with moisture or can propagate a flame rapidly enough to cause an explosion and are spontaneously flammable. boron hydrides: See Boranes. carbide: A binary compound of carbon. A chemical that contain a carbon atom bound to a metal or nonmetal, such as calcium carbide (CaC,) and tungsten carbide (WC). carbamate: The anion H,NCOO-, or a compound containing it. carbonates: Esters (organic) or salts (inorganic) formed by the reaction of carbonic acid (H,CO,) with either a metal or organic compound, containing the radical CO,= or (HCO,)i-. Carbonates are easily decomposed by elevated temperatures or acids, evolving carbon dioxide. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; others are insoluble.
carbonyl compounds: Compounds containing the divalent group =C=O. Compounds formed by the union of carbon monoxide and metals. Some are highly volatile. Important compounds in this category include nickel carbonyl Ni(CO),, iron carbonyl Fe(CO),, cobalt carbonyl CO(CO)~. carboxylic acids: A compound of the carboxyl group R C O O H (e.g., acetic acid, acrylic acid, butyric acid, caprylic acid, chloroacetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, lactic acid, lauric acid, maleic acid, mercaptoacetic acid, methacrylic acid, oleic acid, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, propionic acid, tartaric acid, trichloroacetic acid, etc.). catalyst: A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction, but that is neither changed nor consumed by the reaction. chemically active metals: Generally refers (but not restricted) to chemicals such as sodium, potassium, beryllium, calcium, and powdered aluminum, zinc, and magnesium. These metals can cause violent reactions with strong oxidizers, and certain other substances and materials. chlorates: The anion ClO,, or a compound containing it. A salt of chloric acid (HCIO,). chlorides: The ion C T , or a compound containing it. The salt of hydrochloric acid (Hcl). chromates: The anion CrOg-, or a compound containing it. Strong oxidizers. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR): A codification of the regulations promulgated under United States federal law and published in the Federal Register by the departments and
GLOSSARY
1261
agencies of the federal government. Th code contains 50 titles; issued quarterly, it is revised annually. Among the titles of the CFR are the following:
Title 29: OSHA regulations, including the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS); Title 40: EPA regulations; Title 49: DOT regulations. combustible material: The U S . Department of Transportation (DOT) defines a flammable liquid as having a flash point of 140°F/60"C or above. OSHA's criterion (as outlined in 29 CFR 1910.106) is a flash point abovel00"F/37.8"C. compressed gas: Any material or mixture having in its container a pressure exceeding 40 psi at 70°F (21.1°C), or a pressure exceeding 104 psi at 13OoF/54.4"C, regardless of the pressure at 70"F/21.1°C; or any liquid flammable material having a vapor pressure exceeding 40 psi at 100"F/37.8"C, as determined by the American National Standard Method of Tests for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method) Z11.44-1973 (ASTM-American Society for Testing Materials D 323-72). cresols: See Phenols and Cresols. cyanides: The anion CN-, or a compound containing it. A salt of hydrocyanic acid (HCN). Organic cyanides are preferably termed nitriles. See also Nitriles. easily oxidized materials: A general term for a broad range of materials that can cause violent reactions with oxidizers and other materials, including reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, paper, wood, metal cyanides, sulfur, powdered metals such as aluminum, copper, magnesium, and zinc, alcohols, fuels, glycols, oils, plastics, hydrazines, acetic anhydride, boranes, and many other chemicals. epoxide: An organic compound made up of two carbon atoms, both of which are attached to an oxygen by a single bond in a heterocyclic skeleton. Epoxides are very reactive with acids, oxidizers, and reducing agents, and they can easily polymerize on contact with catalysts and in elevated temperatures, yielding epoxy resins. Epichlorohydrin and ethylene oxide (also called oxirane) are well-known examples. ester: An organic salt formed from an alcohol and organic or inorganic acid by the removal of water. The organic residue takes the position assumed by cations in the inorganic salts. Esters of acetic acid are called acetates, esters of butyric acid are called butyrates, esters of carbonic acid are called carbonates, esters of glycerol or fatty acids are called glycerides. ether: A class or organic compound formed from two alcohol molecules by the removal of water. A mixed ether is a compound of the general form R-0-R', in which R and R' are different organic radicals. explosive limits: Defined by the NFPA as the boundary-line mixture of vapor or gas with air, which, if ignited, will just propagate the flame. They are known as the "lower and upper explosive limits," and are usually expressed in terms of percentage by volume of gas or vapor in air. Same as flammable limits. Federal Register (FR): A daily publication of all U.S. government documents required by law. It is the daily supplement to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). flammable limits: Range of gas or vapor concentrations (percent by volume) in air that will bum or explode if an ignition source is present. The Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) of a vapor or gas; the lowest concentration (lowest percentage of the substance in air) that will produce a flash of fire when an ignition source (heat, arc, or flame) is present. At lower concentrations, the mixture is too "lean" to bum. Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) of a vapor or gas; the highest concentration (highest percentage of the substance in air) that will
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produce a flash of fire when an ignition source (heat, arc, or flame) is present. At higher concentrations, the mixture is too “rich” to bum. flammable material: Generally used to describe a material that can be set on fire. More specifically, it can mean “catches on fire and burns rapidly.” The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) defines a flammable liquid as having a flash point below 140”F/6O0C.OSHA’s criterion (as outlined in 29 CFR 1910.106) is a flash point below 10O0F/37.8”C. flashpoint: The minimum temperature at which a substance gives off flammable vapors that in contact with spark or flame will easily ignite and bum rapidly. The flash point is established by one of the two following methods: in a closed cup, or inside its container; or in an open cup, or near the surface of the liquid. The lower the flash point of a liquid, the higher the risk of fire. formate (formiate): Any compound containing the radical HCOO-, from formic acid. galvanize: The protective treatment of metal, primarily steel sheets, with hot zinc or electrodeposition, resulting in a coat or layer of pure zinc. glycols: Any dihydric alcohol compound containing two hydroxyl groups (-OH), each attached to a different carbon atom in the molecule. halides: A binary compound of a halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) and another element, usually a metal. Organic acid halides include acetyl chloride, dichloroacetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, etc. Inorganic acid halides include bromine trifluoride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, silicon tetrachloride, titanium tetrachloride, etc. halo-: A prefix indicating the presence of halogen, as in halogenated compounds, halocarbons. Halogen compounds include allyl bromide, allyl chloride, benzyl chloride, bromobenzene, bromodochloromethane, n-butyl chloride, carbon tetrachloride, chlordane, chlorodibromomethane, chloroform, chloroprene, chlorotoluenes, dichlorobenzenes, 1,2dichloropropane, 1,3-dichloropropene, ethyl bromide, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, freon 1 13, halothane, hexacyclopentadiene, methyl bromide, methylene bromide, methylene chloride, methyl iodide, perchloroethylene, I,l,l,2- tetrachloroethane, tetrafluoroethylene, tribromomethand, trichloroethanes, trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, etc. halogenated: Containing bromine, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, and astatine. heavy metals: A metal having a specific gravity or density of more than 4. Located in the lower part of the periodic table. heterocylic compounds: A compound containing a ring-shaped nucleus composed of dissimilar elements; having atoms other than carbon in the nucleus. Although a few inorganic substances fall into this classification, the majority, by far, are organic compounds. These compounds include 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, dimethoxane, dioxanes, epichlorohydrin, furan, 1,2-epoxybutane, epoxytrichloropropane, ethyleneimine, ethylene oxide, nicotine, P-picoline, propylene oxide,pyridine, thiophene, etc. hydrazines: Derivatives of the compound hydrazine (H,N.NH,) in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by alkyl or aryl radicals. Hydrazine is a powerful reducing agent, especially of metallic salts. Readily form acyl hydrazines (hydrazides) with many acids and esters, as well as bydrazones when reacted with carbonyl compounds, aldehydes, and ketones. Hydrazines are also nitrogenous bases. Include 1, l-dimethylhydrazine, methylhydrazine, etc.
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hydrides: A compound of hydrogen and another more positive element or groups containing the anion H-: hydrogen plus a single metal (e.g., lithium hydride, LiH); hydrogen plus two metals (e.g., sodium aluminum hydride, NaA1H4); hydrogen plus a metal and nonmetal (e.g., lithium borohydride, LiBH,); or hydrogen plus metals and an organic group (organometallic hydrides). hydrolysis: A decomposition process (literally “water-splitting”) in which water reacts with another compound and both the water and compound are split. The product of the reaction takes up the elements of water in the sense that one product combines with the hydrogen atom and the other with a hydroxyl group (-OH) (e.g., methyl acetate is hydrolyzed by water, yielding methanol and acetic acid, viz, CH,COOCH, + H,O CH,COOH + CH,OH.
-
hydroxide: The anion OH-, or compounds containing it. hydroxy compounds: Organic compounds containing the -OH radical or group. These compounds include ally1 alcohol, m y 1 alcohol, benzyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, creosote, cresols, ethanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, isobutyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, octyl alcohol, pentachlorophenol, phenol, phenolphthalein, n-propyl alcohol, tannic acid, wood creosote, xylenol, etc. hypergolic reaction: A reaction (usually binary) between propellents that are self-igniting. incombustible: Not consumed or decomposed by heat or flame. inhibitor: Any substance that diminishes, retards, or slows down the rate of a chemical reaction, such as polymerization, oxidation, or explosion. A negative catalyst. initiator: A substance that triggers a chemical reaction, such as polymerization, oxidation, or explosion, and is usually consumed in the reaction. inorganic acids: Include aqua regia, boric acid, chlorosulfonic acid, chromic acid, fluorosulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, etc. inorganic bases: Include ammonium hydroxide, nickel subsulfide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc. interhalogens: A binary compound containing two elements of the halogen group, e.g., bromine trifluoride, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine fluoride, chlorine trifluoride, iodine chloride, iodine heptafluoride, iodine pentafluoride, iodine trichloride. iodate: The anion IO;, or compounds containing it. isocyanates: The anion NCO,, or compounds containing it. ketones: An organic compound containing the carbonyl group to which two organic groups are attached, as in acetone, (CH,),C=O. light metals: A term generally used to describe metals with a density less than 4 or specific gravity less than 3. Those used for construction include aluminum, magnesium, beryllium and those used primarily for chemical activity because they are too soft and too reactive include the alkali, alkaline earth, and rare-earth metals. Light metals are located in the upper part of the Periodic Table. mercaptans: See Thiols. metal: Any element that can replace the hydrogen of an acid.
mist: Liquid droplets suspended in air.
nitrate: (1) The anion NO;, or compounds containing it. ( 2 ) A salt or ester of nitric acid.
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nitrides: A binary compound containing nitrogen and a metal. nitriles: Organic cyanides. Organic compounds containing the univalent cyanogen ( X N ) group. nitro compounds: A compound containing the -NO group. These compounds include 2, 4-dinitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, nitroethane, nitropropanes, nitrotoluenes, etc. nonliquefied compressed gas: A gas, other than gas in solution, that under the charged pressure is entirely gaseous at a temperature of 70°F (CFR, Title 49, DOT). olefins: See Alkenes. organic peroxide: An organic compound containing the bivalent -0-0- structure and that may be considered a structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide when one or more of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by organic radicals (49 CFR 173.151). organophosphorus compounds: These include ethion, guthion, malathion, methyl parathion, naled, parathion, tricresyl phosphate, Round-up@, trimethyl phosphate, tris (1,3-dichloropropyl)phsophate,etc. oxides: A group of compounds that contain oxygen. Typically, metal oxides, i.e., iron oxide, etc. oxidizers: Also called oxidants or oxidizing agents. A group of compounds that removes hydrogen from another compound and typically is able to increase the number of oxygen bonds in other materials, e.g., chlorates, dichromates, halogens, nitrates, nitrites, oxygen, ozone, peroxides, permanganates, etc. These materials can react spontaneously and vigorously at ambient temperatures with most organic substances, reducing agents, powdered metals, etc. See list of oxidizers following this glossary. oxoacids: Acids containing an -0 group, as phosphonic acid [HP(:O)(OH),]. perchlorate: The anion ClO,, or compounds containing it. A salt of perchloric acid. peroxides: The anion Oz= or HO,, or compounds containing them. pH: A symbol representing the concentration in hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution. This logarithmic scale is expressed as a numerical value usually between zero and 14. A pH of 7 indicates a neutral or noncorrosive substance. A pH between zero and 7 indicates greater acidity. A pH between 7 and 14 indicates greater alkalinity. A pH of zero (very acid) or 14 (very basic) indicates a highly corrosive substance. The symbol is useful in the identification of the appropriate type of protective equipment necessary for handling a chemical material. phenols and cresols: Compounds derived from benzene by substituting one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH) for the hydrogen at the ortho- position in an aromatic or carbon ring. Phenols and cresols are strongly acidic. phosphate: ( I ) The anions PO:-, HPOi=, or (H,PO,):-, or a compound containing one of these anions. These compounds and their compounds are often referred to simply as phosphates, the prefix ortho- being understood, and the other anions (halo-, meta-, poly-, pyro-, tetra-, and tri-) are always designated. (2) Inorganic compounds essentially comprised of an alkali or alkaline earth metal and the radical Poiz. polymerization: A chemical reaction in which one or more small molecules combine to form larger molecules. A hazardous polymerization is such a reaction that takes place at a rate which releases large amounts of energy. If hazardous polymerization may occur with a given material, the MSDS usually will list conditions that could start the reaction andsince the description of the material usually will list conditions that could start the reaction, and since the material usually contains a polymerization inhibitor-the length of
GLOSSARY
1265
time during which the inhibitor will be effective. The heat given off or the expansion in volume, or both, caused by the polymerization reaction could cause the container holding the product to break and the unpolymerized residual product to be spilled. pyrophoric: Ignites or explodes explosively on contact with air. reducing agents: Compounds or elements that are capable of effecting a reduction reaction (the addition of hydrogen to or subtraction of oxygen from a substance) under proper conditions. Common reducing agents include alcohols, ammonium sulfide, ethers, ferrous chloride, formaldehyde, glucose, hydrazines, and other nitrogenous bases (e.g., anilines, mono- or dimethyl hydrazine, piperidine, piperazine, diethylamine, dimethylamine, pyridine), hydriodic acid, nacent hydrogen, iron, sodium amalgam, stannous chloride, zinc dust. They react violently with oxidizers. silanes: Highly reactive gaseous or liquid compounds of silicon and hydrogen. Silicon hydrides both branched and unbranched. solvent: A chemical liquid, capable of dissolving another substance. A term generally used to describe organic solvents. stabilizers: A general term for any substance or mixture additive used to preserve chemical equilibrium and hold physical properties, and to slow or retard degradation. Stabilizers include antioxidants, inhibitors, emulsifiers, etc. stearates: Salts or esters of stearic acid. strong acids: Refers, but not restricted, to chemicals such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric acids. Strong acids can cause violent reactions with certain other substances and materials. strong bases: Refers, but not restricted, to chemicals such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Strong bases can cause violent reactions with certain other substances and materials. strong oxidizers: Refers, but not restricted, to chemicals such as chlorine, bromine, and fluorine and many of their compounds. Strong oxidizers can cause violent reactions with many other substances and materials. sulfates: A compound containing the radical -SO,. Salts or derivatives of sulfuric acid. sulfides: Salts of hydrodulfuric acid, H,S. Inorganic acid sulfides are termed hydrosulfides; organic compounds being termed thiols. See also Thiols. sulfites: Salts or derivatives of sulfurous acid. sulfur compounds: These include carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanesulfonic acid, mustard gas, phenolsulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, etc. thermite reaction: The strongly exothermic reaction of the mixture of aluminum and ferric oxide (Fe20,+2AI). This reaction liberates heat in the range of 4532-5432"F/2500-3000"C and forms aluminum oxide and molten iron. Other thermite reactions involve the use of metallic chromium or manganese oxides and powdered aluminum. These reactions require a primer such as magnesium powder, and provide their own oxygen source. Once started, they are extremely difficult to stop. thiocyanates: Compounds containing the radical --SCN. Salts or derivatives of thiocyanic acid. thiols: Organic compounds known as thioalcohols or preferably thiols, characterized by an -SH (sulfhydrate) group instead of the -OH group of the structurally similar alcohols. transition metals: Some authorities prefer the term transitional elements. They may include versatile elements 21 through 29 (scandium through copper), 39 through 47 (yttbrium
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through silver), 57 through 79 (lanthanum through gold), and all known elements from 89 through 106 (actinium on through the actinoids). Common transition metals include cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel, vanadium.
vaporpressure: When a substance evaporates, its vapors create a pressure in the surrounding atmosphere; therefore, vapor pressure is a measurement of how readily a liquid or solid mixes with air at its surface. This measurement is expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm of Hg), at 68"F/20°C and normal atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg). A vapor pressure above 760 mm indicates a substance in the gaseous state. The higher a product's vapor pressure, the more it tends to evaporate, resulting in a higher concentration of the substance in air and therefore increased likelihood of breathing it in. voZatiZes: A substance, usually a liquid, that easily vaporizes or evaporates to form a gas or vapor. ZiegZer catalyst: Organometallic compounds generally made up of an alkyl metal (from Groups I, 11, or I1 of the Periodic Table) plus a halide of a transition metal (from Groups IV to VIII) and used in the Zeigler process for making synthetic rubbers and high-density polymers. There are many variations of these catalysts, e.g., triethylaluminum monochloride (or a similar compound) + titanium dichloride in a hydrocarbon solvent.
APPENDIX 1 Reducing Agents (NameKAS) Note: This list of reducing agents is not comprehensive; however, it does contain some of the reactive oxidizing materials and categories of materials that are in common use.
alcohols aluminum ethylate ammonium sulfide 1 2 124-99- 1 benzaldehyde 100-52-7 boron hydrides calcium 7440-70-2 carbon 7440-44-0 cerium 7440-45-1 chromous chloride 10049-05-5 C.I. red 33, disodium salt; (2,7-naphthalenedisulfonicacid, 4-amino5-hydroxy-6-phenylazo-, disodium salt) 3567-66-6 dextrose (glucose) 50-99-7 diborane 19287-45-7 1,l-dimethylhydrazine 57- 14-7 1,I-dimethylhydrazine hydrochloride 593-82-8 dysprosium 7429-9 1-6 ethers ethyl aluminum dichloride 563-43-9 ferrous [iron(II)] compounds ferrous chloride 7758-94-3 formaldehyde 50-00-0 glycol ethers glyoxal 107-22-2 hydrazine 302-01-20 hydrazines hydrazine hydrate 10217-52-4 hdrazine hydrochloride 2644-70-4 hydrazine monohydrate 7803-57-8 hydrazine sulfate 10034-93-2
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APPENDIX 1: Reducing Agents (NameKAS)
hydriodic acid 10034-85-2 hydrogen 1333-74-0 hydrogen bromide 10035-10-6 hydroxylamine hydrochloride 5470- 11- 1 iron 7439-89-6 lithium aluminum hydride 16853-85-3 lithium nitride 261 34-62-3 lithium tetrahydroaluminate 16853-85-3 magnesium tetrahydroaluminate 17300-62-8 methyl hydrazine 60-34-4 mthylhydrazine hydrochloride 7339-53-9 organoboranes sodium bisulfite 763 1-90-5 sodium hypoborate sodium sulfite 7757-83-7 stannous chloride 7772-99-8 zinc dust 7440-6-6 zirconium hydride 7704-99-6
APPENDIX 2 Oxidizing Materials (NameKAS) Note: This list of oxidizers is not comprehensive; however, it does contain many of the reactive oxidizing materials and categories of materials that are in common use.
acetone peroxide NA acetyl benzoyl peroxide 644-3 1-5 acetyl peroxide 110-22-5 aluminum bichromate 7789-09-5 aluminum chlorate 15477-33-5 aluminum(II1) nitrate 13473-90-0 aluminum phosphate 7784-30-7 amino guanidinium nitrate 10308-82-4 ammonium chlorate 10192-29-7 ammonium chloride 7446-70-0 ammonium chromate 7788-98-9 ammonium dichromate 7789-09-5 ammonium iodate 13446-09-8 ammonium magnesium chromate ammonium(1) nitrate 6484-52-2 ammonium peroxychromate ammonium persulfate 7727-54-0 ammonium nitrate-phosphate mixture 7608-40-9 ammonium nitrate-sulfate mixture 6484-52-2 ammonium nitrite 13446-48-5 ammonium perchlorate 7790-98-9 ammonium permanganate 1 3446- 10- 1 ammonium peroxychromate ammonium persulfate 7727-54-0 ammonium picrate 131-74-8 ammonium sulfamate 7773-06-0 amyl nitrate 1002-16-0 n-amyl nitrite 463-04-7 ascaridol 512-85-6 barium bromate 13967-90-3 barium chlorate 13477-00-4 barium chromate(vi) 10294-40-3 barium dichromate barium hypochlorite 13477-10-6
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APPENDIX 2: Oxidizing Materials (Name/CAS)
barium iodate 10567-69-7 barium nitrate 10022-31-8 barium perchlorate trihydrate 10294-39-0 barium permanganate 7787-36-2 barium peroxide 1304-29-6 benzoyl peroxide 94-36-0 beryllium nitrate 13597-99-4 bromates bromeosin 15086-94-9 bromine 7726-95-6 bromine chloride 13863-41-7 bromine dioxide 21255-83-4 bromine pentafluoride 7789-30-2 bromine trifluoride 7787-7 1-5 bromine trifluoromethanesulfonate 70 142-16-4 tert-butylhydroperoxide75-9 1-2 t-butyl isopropyl benzene hydroperoxide 30026-92-7 sec-butyl nitrite 924-43-6 tert-butyl peroxyacetate 107-71-1 tert-butyl peroxybenzoate 6 14-45-9 cadmium nitrate 10325-94-7 cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate 10022-68-1 calcium chlorate 10137-74-3 calcium chlorite 14674-72-7 calcium chromate dihydrate 10060-08-9 calcium hypochlorite 7778-54-3 calcium nitrate 10124-37-5 calcium perchlorate 13477-36-6 calcium permanganate 10118-76-0 calcium peroxide 1305-79-9 cesium nitrate 7789-18-6 chlorates chlorites chloric acid solution 7790-93-4 chlorine 7787-50-5 chlorine dioxide 10049-04-4 chlorine oxide 10049-04-4 chlorine trifluoride 7790-91-2 chromates chromic(II1) acid 1308-14-1 chromic(V1) acid 7738-94-5 chromic anhydride 11115-74-5 chromic chromate 24613-89-6 chromium nitrate 7789-02-8 chromium(II1) nitrate 13548-38-4 chromium(II1) oxide 1308-38-9 chromium oxychloride 14977-61-8 chromium trioxide, anhydrous 1333-82-0
APPENDIX 2: Oxidizing Materials (NameKAS)
cobalt nitrate 10141-05-6 cobalt(I1) perchlorate, hexahydrate 13478-33-6 cobalt trifluoride 10026-18-3 copper chlorate 26506-47-8 copper(I1) perchlorate, dihydrate 17031-32-2 cumene hydroperoxide 80-15-9 cupric nitrate (copper nitrate) 3251-23-8 cyclohexanone peroxide 12262-58-7 diacetone alcohol peroxide N,N'-diacetyl-N, N'-dinitro- 1,2-diaminoethane 922-89-4 diallyl peroxydicarbonate 34037-79-1 diaminoguanidinium nitrate 10308-83-5 di-t-butyl peroxide 1 10-05-4 dichloroisocyanuric acid 2782-57-2 dichromates diisopropylphenylhydroperoxide (solution) 26762-93-6 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)hexane78-63-7 dimethylhexane dihydroperoxide 3025-88-5 N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dinitrosooxamide7601-87-8 4,4'-dinitro-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonicacid 128-42-7 dipotassium persulfate 7727-21-1 ethyl nitrite 109-95-5 ferric chloride 7705-08-0 ferric nitrate 10421-48-4 ferric sulfate 10028-22-5 ferric trioxide 1309-37-1 ferricyanides fluorine 7782-41-4 fluorine perchlorate 10049-03-3 fuming nitric acid 7697-37-2 gallium(II1) nitrate 13494-90-I guanidine nitrate 506-93-4 hydrogen peroxide (35-52% by weight) 7722-84-1 hy pochlorites indium nitrate 13770-61-1 iodates iodine 7553-56-2 iodic acid 7782-68-5 iodine pentafluoride 7783-66-6 iron(I1) nitrate hexahydrate 13520-68-8 isoamyl acetate 123-92-2 isoamyl alcohol 123-51-3 isobutyraldehyde 78-84-2 isoprene 78-79-5
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APPENDIX 2: Oxidizing Materials (NamelCAS)
isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide 80- 15-9 1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohane hydroperoxide 52061-60-6 isopropyl nitrate 1712-64-7 isopropyl peroxydicarbonate 105-64-6 lanthanum nitrate 10099-59-9 lead(I1) cyanide 592-05-2 lead dioxide 1309-60-0 lead-molybdenum chromate 12709-98-7 lead nitrate 10099-74-8 lead oxide, red I3 14-41-6 lead perchlorate 13637-76-8 lead(I1) perchlorate, hexahydrate 639 16-96- 1 lithium bichromate lithium chromate 14307-35-8 lithium hypochlorite 13840-33-0 lithium nitrate 7790-69-4 lithium perchlorate trihydrate 13453-78-6 lithium peroxide 12031-80-0 magnesium bromate 7789-36-8 magnesium chlorate 7791-19-7 magnesium nitrate 10377-60-3 magnesium perchlorate 10034-81-8 magnesium peroxide 14452-57-4 manganese dioxide 1313-13-9 manganese nitrate 10377-66-9 manganese(VI1) oxide 12057-92-0 manganese perchlorate hexahydrate 15364-94-0 p-menthane-hydroperoxide 80-47-7 mercuric nitrate 10045-94-0 mercuric oxide 21908-53-2 mercurous nitrate 10415-75-5 mercury(1) oxide 15829-53-5 methyl hydroperoxide 303 1-73-0 nickel nitrate 14216-75-2 nickel nitrite 17861-62-0 nickel perchlorate 13637-71-3 nickel(I1) nitrate 13138-45-9 nickel(I1) perchlorate, hexahydrate 13520-61- 1 nitrates nitric acid 7697-37-2 nitric oxide 10102-43-9 nitrites nitro carbo nitrate nitrogen dioxide 10102-44-0 nitrogen trifluoride 7783-54-2 nitrosyl perchlorate 15605-28-4
APPENDIX 2: Oxidizing Materials (NameKAS)
nitrosylsulfuric acid 7782-78-7 nitrous acid 7782-77-6 nitryl chloride 13444-90-1 octylperoxide 7530-07-6 oxalic acid 6153-56-6 oxygen difluoride 7783-4 1-7 ozone 10028-15-6 palladium dinitrate 10102-05-3 peracetic acid 79-21-0 perborates perchlorates perchloric acid 7601-90-3 perchloric acid, ammonium salt 7790-98-9 perchloric acid, sodium salt 7601-89-0 perchloryl fluoride 7616-94-6 1-perchlorylpiperidine768-34-3 n-periodic acid 13444-71-8 permanganates permanganic acid ammonium salt 13446-10-1 peroxides, inorganic and organic peroxydisulfuryl difluoride 13709-32-5 peroxybenzoic acid 93-59-4 peroxyformic acid 107-32-4 peroxyhexanoic acid 5 106-46-7 peroxymonophosphoricacid peroxynitric acid 26604-66-0 peroxytnfluoroacetic acid 359-48-8 persulfates phosphorus, red 7723-14-0 phthaloyl peroxide picric acid 88-89-1 potassium bromate 7758-01-2 potassium chromate (W) 7789-00-6 potassium chlorate 1811-04-9 potassium dichloroisocyanurate2244-2 1-5 potassium dichromate 7778-50-9 potassium nitrate 7757-79-1 potassium nitrite 7758-09-0 potassium pentaperoxydichromate potassium perchlorate 7778-74-7 potassium periodate 7790-21-8 potassium permanganate 7722-64-7 potassium peroxide 17014-71-0 potassium persulfate 7727-21-I potassium perrhenate 10466-65-6 potassium superoxide 12030-88-5 potassium tetraperoxychromate 12331-76-9
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APPENDIX 2: Oxidizing Materials (Name/CAS)
potassium tetraperoxytungstate 37346-96-6 n-propyl nitrate 627-13-4 pyrosulfuryl chloride 7791-27-7 rubidium dichromate 13446-73-6 ruthenium tetraoxide 20427-56-9 silver nitrate 7761-88-8 silver oxide 20667-12-3 sodium bromate 7789-38-0 sodium chlorate 7775-09-9 sodium chlorate borate 52623-84-4 sodium chlorite 7758-19-2 sodium chromate 7775-11-3 sodium dichlorocyanurate 2893-78-9 sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione 2893-78-9 sodium dichromate 7789-12-0 sodium nitrate 7631-99-4 sodium nitrite 7632-00-0 sodium nitrite, mixed with sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate sodium peracetate 64057-57-4 sodium percarbonate 15630-89-4 sodium perchlorate 7601-89-0 sodium perchlorate monohydrate 7791-07-3 sodium periodate 7790-28-5 sodium permanganate 10101-50-5 sodium peroxide 1313-60-6 sodium peroxyborate 1 sodium persulfate 7775-27sodium superoxide 12034-12-7 strontium chlorate 7791-10-8 strontium nitrate 10042-76-9 strontium perchlorate 13450-97-0 strontium peroxide 13 14-18-7 su1fides sulfur dioxide 7446-09-5 sulfuric acid 7664-93-9 tetrafluorodiaziridine 1 7224-09-8 tetrafluoro hydrazine 10036-47-2 2-tetrahydrofuryl hydroperoxide 4676-82-8 tetranitromethane 509-14-8 thallium chlorate 13453-30-0 thiamine mononitrate 532-43-4 thorium(1V) nitrate 13823-29-5 triamminediperoxochromium (IV) 17168-85-3 trichloroisocyanuric acid 87-901 triphenyltin hydroperoxide 4150-34-9 2,4,6-tris(bromoamino)-l,3,5-triazine 22755-34-6
APPENDIX 2: Oxidizing Materials (NameKAS)
2,4,6-tris(dichloroamino)-l,3,5-triazine 2428-04-8
uranyl nitrate 10102-06-4 urea peroxide 124-43-6 vanadium pentoxide 1314-62-1 ytterbium nitrate 13768-67-7 yttrium(II1) nitrate hexahydrate 13494-98-9 zinc ammonium nitrite 63885-01-8 zinc bichromate 14018-95-2 zinc bromate 13517-27-6 zinc chromate 13530-65-9 zinc chlorate 10361-95-2 zinc nitrate 7779-88-6 zinc perchlorate hexahydrate 10025-64-6 zinc permanganate 23414-72-4 zinc peroxide 1314-22-3 zirconium nitrate 13746-89-9
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