THE
JUDAS BRIEF
THE
JUDAS BRIEF Who Really Killed Jes us?
GARY GREENBERG
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Coo«>< o",i·Pilo....,ribo';"". in,o .uti·Herod . .."don" ,h. >... ,bot of Ih" do«."", ,h. "Tonglui Pil ... d,d"', eVrn order rho: Cfuc,lixion. a.,ord,ng to ,hi. «xl. Thi, d .. Ch,i,,-kill .... In hilt iclla '0 ,he: M' gnc:,i.m, hr .. abou, tlto ."itt,ing of Jeou ..... ,h. hand, of ,h. Cbmt.hllj~g ""'" umk, Porum. Pil.t< the governor .nd ~leroJ the king."'" Ign.hU' d .. d r . ffix •• bLom< for the de.th 01 l«" 01[ 'he '"ChriC.ation , uggW th .. it
w., nt > """,n Pil.,. ,h., coo·
d<mneJ him (who knew 'h>t 'for """l' ,he ]e.... hod ddi ..... d Him'l ... II>< Jew;'h nonon, which h,d bml cond<TI"",,1 ~ GOO .nd r. $p>' "" hi< rot:0 • •Iwy ,ods< Him xcordin& '" ,.........."
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In t .... ".i~I·. '.n''"' of ~""s, Pil ... cond""" 0(, '"qu,,}, .nd po.... jud""",III uf ex«u,ioo. Th. dccioioo i. nu.dr by 11,,00 "1>11 ,I>< J.... exc,,,1< l..Jgm,nOm< JOn of Ori."." ... ..,. The . ..Iy
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In .,.t"" wvrd.. whorn ,he Goopob ,.u~. J...... JHl ...........,"I.-vil ..... hould undoot>" (l>Iui: 14:~J). AuptOri ....•• ,..""h~ 1IDpI0D tI,.I' dUo ""lot opr!a TO .11 ~ who ...;.a }1;ou.n 0 ....1,-- ha. i"'flO'Ol infif "" O' ....... D """'Ih< It.. " .. nd.U j<wo who ...1.....1 Chn.. _ d.. ".d"";l ond wick«l. brmo, Ih.o, ,lory "'" he born. A_,n< """'" in tbt 1.0.. iou, ,h-< probably got . H .,,,.. nom -... I.• tribel 011 ....1. Jacoo h. d design . .. d I_ph •• hi, I>f ,be nOr1hnn kinlOOm Wr eh,w;."" '''''''(01d'n« tb .. iII th< year> imrn< ~.zi execution of ov.r ,; x m,lI;"n j.w•. At its ha"" ".nd,.he 0< J'w" (lY. of ""l_ ie •• nd .pi... forced tho Romon gO,",fOO' ' 0 "",'ry ,he innocent Jesus. '" recrn' y...... I",""',i ly in re>
T"'JUDA. BR IH
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enor"",o' "umo., Qf diffie"I,;" in tf>< Goopd ... hi"or;.,;.lIy , dlabk ",u"". They h••• m.de long ",;< mou philo-Semitic exk:; of ,he mo""y-d .... "S0.... he ""n, forkol cri. "i.", tho< queuiO£l' 'ho id.. of >criptu",1 ;nr;ly a li",..lIy accu .. t < 011< witb
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The Areumenl Ahead
In rht k>I~ .hop...... ..., will 10k......... ,11I. 01 .. hat Iuppm rho ioN .mold ond ,be JOOPd WNndictiorII ....d _ _ """""'.... WlU ... tba. rht tho ..... og.>.ln .. ,he je.oI........ ,'01 ."" that. """"' S,kriy hos,Of.,.1 _no/) =>«..... n.. ..~ will sMw 'hOI dk:n: ..... no pIo< II)' Jewuh .mhoritilisa';"'" it ..-ill ht ''1!utd th .. du.ing.he P•• ..,~. hohd. y, nuu ..... d Meom< ,I.otil< h<Jhd.y bt;val, .",y,ng .. 'h, hoo« 01 ADD .... fOrIner blgh pciw. l.tI"" -;n-I...... of 11'1< rnrn:o' Irish pries., eo .. p .....nd OR< of til< mo" inn.entiol politic.l ~g"",. in tl>< Jewi.h go.ernontn" 1ht ' g'«men, ",11«11", J",u,' .. I.... . Ito, Ii>< holiday....."., """'d, ,he «"loW had lrlr J"'u",Iom, .oJ h;'lolI,",,,,, "'en, hom. '0 G.lit.r. PiI.", m;,i.lly agr«u~ h •• " ,h. go,'" "",', "".dq .. ,· '< j... i.h au,hori,ies h.d no ,...y ,,, ignof'< Pilote" "nlet wltbou, ..... ,in.g" "" I"orr conf,on .. tion, bu, ,h.y hop«! t1"" Pil . .. would keep hi. 1" in tit. 801)'
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,.,,OJ< in!tan<en bolo ... J"'"' w., .rucifi..J. f{ jeo", prior to hi. C. wken trying '" u~.1>< Coopppp ...... ~ .. 01' .., ,mpor'"'" pI«« o( hi .. "...",1 ... drncd
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THE Goo n 1S: fACT, F,CT,O", OR S. . CIlLATIO"?
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p",.iom ch.rt«, h. d b.ti.n ""itingo we", .mibu,e Eusecotn< ,I>< int<rpr.'U "" "......"be"'; 01 < .., "So .hen M ."he", wrote.he ol"2rigin. of ,he Gospol. 01 M.. l . nd M.tthew. In tl>< I... occond «.rury. 'he Christian ",rite, I'<JIM'" "PO'" 'he d , im ..... d< by P'pi .., ,ho. M .. thcw wrot< hi, gnhe ... " '",,, hi. "'" in Hebrew 0' Ar.",oi< m.k« no ~rtil' m." .... nd p«p.,..n Ol
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II ,h. au,hor ()f I.uh-Acts kn ..... Paul, it woold ...", th ... he ""qua'nI>n« "'.. ca,,,, I ., bes" n... .."hut 01 Luk., therefote, ,,'ould ><em to h< ;pel of John never r.f< didn', need fO men' ,ion 'M >post le', nom< . i""" h. ",f... red ro him . , ,h. Beloved Di>«:m to h
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«xl, Thi, impl,,, Ih., tl>< I"... g< in John .. ,,',k. ",moved from the ()tigi_ n.1 .urhor. Jr "'.. rhi. ~ond.ry ",~i"en lOU"" [h., ,he .mho. ,,/ John
=t";,,,,h •. he loft ,h. p.... ge """h.nged. Implici. in tbi, ",;.uk. i. ,h., .h • • u.ho, of ,ho: origin_I I'>''''S'' ""Y not
110'-0 btcn, kl>Ow l«lgubio J<w .nd, ,h«dore, very unli kI< .bou[ J.wi,h "odition th.n the fi"t au.hor, bu. "ill nOl as knowlM~ ..bl< .. on onii •• ry J.w living in G.lil .. or Jude. would h.... ix'" ..uJ......bon wu.!.bout ,lit ,Dd "' ....
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«< Roman captu .. of Isud and 'M of ,Il< ].\O,i,h Tempi. d ... "'" !l<JSp< Tem_ pi., th. ...,..Id h••• "",de ""'''' tJt if the Co.pel. wcre wrimn
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moch of. scholarly fllowing" H •• 1",,,.,... i•• growing ten_ dency '" dote !.lor• • nor ]0." " "umbo, of l1xd. Th< bill,,!! philooophical "I'potI< ",oJ''''Y'' ,,, . "Sue 'hat the < Ph.n>ca ".d
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a I""t'7"" rovirolltl1< u"",liabl. report of P,pi.. C,-""",,-,,inIlM... ., a
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Oral Sources
Af.., Jeou. d,.d. thcr •• , n boo littl. doubt th .. peopl. "'1>0 [u,.", him 0' k""w . bout him told "",ie. ,bout tho event> in hi. Lf•. n-.., a"",'o/ic cirde rhot .u,,,,,,nJ>I>I., t .. J,~o,,,· m,y h••·• I>ewme .«.",cd .. f. cr,. Eve"
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pFor ... mpl., j ..", f,,,, ..,,,ly odcn,,/i ;D the ..... Df ,he N.... T.,,.,,,,.,,. fW1) of thoo< briot; in Lub', Act .... ) Th;,. lead. .. .hoIon.., h< Son of Man ... hotevn that ....y hove ..... nt to h,m.nd Iti> .\IIJ~ ., ,he "III of ,II< ",I..;""""" brtwbrlo: ,nJ ,,"~or • third of Luke "",flaps M.,k. s.:;hol.", "I., I" ,h. "...... 'pp",. ing on.1I 'h m 80<m .,.- .ho< one I .h. JIO'peJ. haJ.....,... "''' vi on",,:. ", I..;.,,,,"ip to.1>< 011>< lam. c. that would me. n citl>< [ two of.1t< go.pd .".hor< Synor< P,oble"'_ In """'Pling to resolve ,hi> i"ye • .... h..e • number of .II>. While ,he.. i••• imilar ...ge of "'", ding in of th< 1'...1101 storie. in the triple ".d" ........ in .." ••,1 of tbe go>pel. difler< from Other""" in 'ho< ,he.. i, ei,het , . 1..... 1000; a' on .... mpl. of ho ... ,hi. pcobkm play. "",. M.,k "'9-H t< Pt...,,""".) M.tthew and Luk •• "h h.,.. • , imil" ,,«,ion 01 "ory. but ,hey IILik. 'i~ifi th .. dimin ... . ny question 01 a Sabb.th vi ... l>tion pmbkm 1!>I.uh<w 8",,-17; Luk. "'38-",). In Lul:t.,k ,h .. >mgai ... [.uk10n... !moth« "'lIUlJ'IC'1It in i.vor of M .,hn priority i. ,h., l. k .. • 1.S"n' form of G=k ' hm M atthcv.' 0< Luk•• and if h. ,,'ere ""pyin!; from
tho: "'''''''' it i, unhkt.,i.1 t h.. ' pp.." in bo,h M .. th<w .nd luke bu, do0"'"
TH •. JUDA' BRU ' I.... ' degrc< ol.gucmen. on 'h< o ,de, of the ;to,;. •. Howe, .., 'n"e i. JIUnOn written """CO 'har """ .irhe, nOl .,.·. ilm!. '" :-I.. k or not u",d by him. App,oximo.dy 1.0 pe""'" of :-Io"h.... and Luk. fa ll into ,h" c''''gory.'' It i. the ",.. rwll«luend .... " " '.
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TH E GO'PEl" fACT, F'CTlON, O. S PECULATION?
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knew ,h. o,h«. The g""e,..1 ,,,,,.. n,u, is Thoma, """ da' .. Q, bu, ,,'he!h .. he ~noth ptKN< Manh. ", a nd Luke, if we c. n 6nd ",idoth Monhew . nd Lukme ma,tri.1 nUl . ppurin ~ in lno, othe:r. Apprux;ma,dy. 'hird of Mal"""" . nd .bou, 40 per«n' of Luke f. 1I in'o ,hi. "'1 .. k. I. would be po>,;bl. h«:n the origin "f . "oJ)' . nd ,hat John', ind<m • • nd "';,h.1l yoU[ iOu!, .00 wi,b all your mind, .nd with .11 your ""'"g,h.·· He then . dded • ""ond commandmen" '"You ....111"". rou' Jt.h«l J•• u, " nd ask«l ,he ... me q"",,"on a. m M.[k, "Wruch oomm...dmen, in la", i. ,hegre."",I" Ma"h<w, 00"'b tthew h. d • dui""Igi.c. 1 p[obkm wi,b ,hi. ph .. "" po.. i-
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blr ",fleeting an .. r1y o.ri"i. o thco!osi< ..., )u, Si,-« .11< wnt ("PO",,, os in Marx. but thrn nun,"'" (I>< S/"'Y by ominin~ < q"""ion ,h.n J....... oo ,II< I.w)"', .n ........ with ,I>< ,.m. "d.CI< .... ""'r giv." by in ,I>< M.n".w .o ,I>< ",·""d. ""!-k." 0 1",..1, ,I>< lord om God, [1>0: Lord if. "".:' Now. i, .. "". [hing '0 mt..:, [hi, lunda .... o..1 J, wi,h ~incirl. from J..... ' an,.... «, bu, [< ... , < Lawy« '" trying hedge hi. amw., by qu."ioning 'h, mI> gr ~f 1'_' '" b" i "~ tt()hg 'hoi' O~.'" k," , .nd in tl>en ,!>e Jew. ,ouldn', MV' been u",,,,,,,,,,,.ble in Own ""8"'" ,..",ion. By .limin.,,"Il ,I>< implici, ch.,&" ,h., J.....' ""'n f..n,iy ,ook oll< ''''0 ch. nge. h. .. c ,!>e df"", of f.,.. .. h. dowinS Jewi.h i".ol'cm'n' in 'he d.,.,1r 0/ Je,u,. The mi.. i"" begin. wi,h an .".. npt \ry J.w, to kill J..., . nd end. wi,h ,h. death of Jesus , and ,h.n paning on the ,It,,oJ gospel .. if it were the origirurl. Added Ending to Mar!(
Tho: ""'."ed ,.• ,..;"" of t .... Gospel ,,( M"k , .nd ., ,6:8." ..,·... 1 .UMeq....", m. nuscrip" follow in ,h.t tr,di,ion." A numb
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Added Endiflg to John
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For .... """" pon. ,ho di~.rt ....... rory'''tI ............ d,. C'quw.IM, of ..,pooI. 11. in ....", in..."""" tt.. c,,",np a" ",1,1>...«. ofttn '"'ot.ins
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" . 1l>o!u,gim (i.e., Greek ". ...1.,;0,,) .t«n. In thi. "''''. though , ",bola" 8-. ...! ' ISchol." ,,",, ,,,,,,,If ei,. ,h. 5h . s "my l< for hi> ignor.", •. The te. ,,,,,..,I, o ing from D,,',d, Th. , inv
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.bou, j ..u•. Fo, moc ••• ",. d Cbr;"'''" wri,ings abou, 'hc J.W>, boIh in .he Chri,ti. n ",ripturpk In 70 C£ may h", .keply .",..,,1»,«1 « •• ions bet", .. n Je ..... • nd CJ.,i"ian •. Chris",n. ",ugh, ,h. , ,he de"ruct ion "f < P.,,;on "0 1'. ..11 en. 10" /or ,I>< clothing of jcsu, and 'p«:ifi"Uy ei,« r ..1m u,. s . , ""ide"", ,h • • •11< , . "ing of lots .nd dividing 01 <do .ho 1'7 ")" h. "ok in on > Jonkey dNd" Le" ,.'e mi .. ,I.< .igroilio:aoo: "I J(ri p' u", , nd e""h ci,.. ,he «x, f,om z..: h.. iah ~ : 9 {M."b ...· U' ~-5; JoIu. u:!4- 1,1. That p....Sc f,om Jrw;, h >< lin< bcr ...,rn ,our,,< wittKSS and wi,h folfill"",o. mi~t brro"",. bit blu.t)'.
Bethlehem or Nazareth? In ,h. 11m. 01 J•• ~ ... number of ".di,ion. de"Oft of H«od . 1", ,uled in the Gali l", but, 10, !>Om. "a""", thi' didn't 'Ppl ".".. inly both It.". '"v.nt.!.ttbew and lub .., h runf ".n, "" dou!« ,t..., o. "'>= old b< """"".1tO .... h ll< au.h"" of 'he fo~' c.nooi . fter tho: do.. h of J1"'1. i. ).1.,x, prob.-
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bly wri".n o.orn<Wh«n a manuscript tbat IOChol ... ",f.. to ., Q, al.hough no ropy of t!ocum«n fouoo. We do nOl know wh., >Cu","" Q relied on. hu t ohe .u.hor .1", appears to have Wli".., in Cr«. from outSIde of R""",n "',..01, pwhabJy .t , time: dos< ,u,hoc 01 John indngel;"" ,,".,~.lIy ",Ii.,.j "" ... ri".n ""ure ... from G.".il. Ch,i";.n. who h.od • po< undem.nding of Jew. i>h hi"orr, ruch a. John" ro "ireome;';"" o of inform. rion, from II>< .f<wi.h hi'IO,i. n Jo>«ond «ntuf)'. 19n.tiu>••• we . OW, 'PP" " to hove b.rn infiucll gospel ICCO cY~'.
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Aft .. ..",.. ,i... haJ po....!. ,""' ...... pl"..«1 '0 kil l 11;01, b., plot brro .. that tbd.d him over to ,h. Roman., but Pe.. r do« i... . ...,.Uy goi"3 b. ck ci.I>m •• be Good oIlu.., ,nd ,be GoO ui ,10< God 01 .., """"""" h.. po.;li ,,~) , ,h.. ,I>< jew • • re bbmed for ,be kil~"g ""Iy """,U", ' hoy h,,,se .. i"l\ ,h., Pc«" ,,"o,d;ng ,hi. ~ttOtt, 'UW>" ,h. Jew< .nd ,he;, I..d." >< Me.. Luk< Iu. on. mor< in!_
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•• 11< ",.~. born into a p,;c.,ly family;" }0 haY< 5yrU.c .nd l..,in of [u.. hi",·, """l. WI... Ii't.. lUnda'" Whi""" tran ... tion 01 tht Grrtk ....-.ion of .1It T",_,~", FLA....,,""'. I "'.. pb.«
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A, ,h;, hm< ,......, W> • • m' n ... "" .... ' .. lkJ JU$. H" oondoo .nd 11..1 ..... knu .. " 'u b. .irt..,,,,. And nun) p«>pk f""" ''''''''l! ,I>< J"", .rul othdtmn "I>< .... , pnbap,,1>. ~t< .. i.h" the foJ· Jow.,.. of j=. wher th.n to jos«0 gat hlull now """, thor< i. """" ~ident¢. «"tu ry ..... <w hg.>p;u" " '00 quoteS .n.- TUN"''''';''", flo"ia""'" from on ... lier wo.k. The ",h.t i • • Syri. , "."oIu;o" of E... Nus', ,.nioo of ,h. Josephu, «XI. Pin .. comp.... 'he "''' and "Y' ,h.. Mie" .. I', vel'll;"'" ulturuudy inC .. back to • line 01 ,uru,ni .. ion /rom • Syri • • tr. n,I. ,ion 0/ Eu",biu., .nd .hat As' piu.-, v.,,;on derives from 0 "' pont< lin. 0/ tun,mi .. ion." Th,,< i. ",me diuS' ..ment, hown'
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... 'bOl" .... ""' ... od< J,wish commu_ nit y_n.. fullow ... 0/ J.. u, had argu,d ,h" je •• , "' .. , .... ).1 ...i, h, bu. Pil". 'pp ropy oftll< manu«ripr, 5.0 Agop;uscon,. ;n.. "on,mi., ,ion from ,II< ",igin.1 Grot. ""sinn "f J_ph .. , m;n ....1>< p.o ... g • • ho.. , tol< of ,II< Jtv.... TIl< Mieh...1tex' rai .... > v.... i"" of ,t.. "i.1 olrp"ntd from «"''''ed Chri";"" It.di, , ion, 00"'m tOt follow.." of )no. and not froID j_ph.... SubKqum' tmi." .ion of j «pltu,', j."mh ""';q"i',.", 1 Josoph .. pa ....g•. h', io!< d • .,h of Josu •. 11>< ,wo> apootl .. doo', ..r in ,,·b.. nun"", to. ;l\IIor-. n« ,e."bod rn Pila,,', dte;.;.,. to u«ut< ), but tit< "'0""'0""
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• Pib" . ~«o'od leo.,. • Herod appc'" '0 h••• b«n h",riic to pu •• nd .Iigncd wi,h r n. " in ,h. decision '0 .x«u" J""'. • jew;,h .... p"".ibilily fo, t he death of j .. u. Ii.. in [h. f.... hat the J....·ish authorities handed J"u, 0''''''0 the ROlfUD> . nd 'hey in 'urn
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"",,,pti,,,, p0'0,. [I>< dc.,h of l ..... • nd .nJin~ with tho J.",;,h ,evol, ogo;n" Rom •. Our chitf """re. of informatIon 'r",,'''' in the wrirings of Joo, ond the Egyption we« prophetic fig"'"
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• luge following . nd "".. promi, ing p< ,h,.. prophet> we'" killrd .nd one .",aped. Follo",'e" 01 .n ,h,rc Wer< m.... cred. A /o."h prorhetic figure, John 'he 8.J'li", ,,'", ««ured br Hnoo An'ip.a." the Rom,n ruin oIGolil«, bu, no 'emrn' oft .. ,h. d.. ,h 01 J".', b., w< don', know "I I,., ,I>< chorg-", in puni.i .. =rion. proph"'ic m"""me",,. ""en w~ .kit own I. Nc.ml>< rnpon.i"" to the fact ,!t;,t h~ ruJro o>or . jewi,h rorulotion md th., I>< oh""IJn't of/~nJJ .....j.h ,dig.iou> «"oibiliti .. in any ,ignili «>II.piti"& wi,h tho H« odi.n. 16:6---. II. A, • late, poi •• in hi> 80sI'd, howe.". Lukt p"...""• • diff"en. , .. d ition, th.o, Phati- . lc.m..J of. plot by H.,od ' 0 kill J=' and TlI"b,he f.. t ,hat JohD 11K 8>pI"', dearly hailrd by jew. and hi. follower ... a pmph," of ,he hij;h . • >1 oedrr, " ... killed o""idr j.ru.. lem by Herod. The morr logical im plica. tion 01 J""" "'ply ",h.. he had '0 get '0 j rn... lcm to neape IUgh' ,h" ,he des,,",,;"n 0/ H ."... «ili.y tho, Jon.. could inA"""" •• «i influenrial
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bmh out oveH1ltrol of >om< di,puTed tther a. to wba' .h. ,hOJJId a.k lor and the m",her .. id .he wa nted "'h, brad of Joho the b;ptizer." The ,'. <X>me up t>edependeo, Jew;sh "",ion ,h., did no< . dh,« to .h. tr.dit;OTt,1 Judaism o..".red on the Tnnple in Jom",'em, They cl.i med d
ROC' g.. h,red in .. n.arby .ill.g. in prep ...,;"'n for 'he journ.y up .he mouDtoin. j=phu.... y•• h.. many 01 ,h<m w.'" .,mod. A•• h. s..m.n, ........ mbkd, Pi!. ......' . ",iliury fore. >gain" ,h.", .oJ m...a· «.d thooe who dido·. "., i,. li"l. fuuy, bu. 'he Con.ext ,ugg.8.6 , lbc" at< >om. i"I'''11 -.Ie in .1nt;quiti.., A•• pn:lude 10 'he >fory 01 ,b. Esyp"an, Jooc:phu. nOles {in bo .nd "IY" from God. J"«phu. pi .... ,h,,,, a nd.hu,.. p"u. oki"8 rcvolu,Kill and .iol.n«. a nd mdi· ,hdc: ..son«l" imposl< prophet, anJ puni«:•• ", Juno.hon w... Ro",.n Ioy.lis,." In tbe I. .. , ... ~,jq~"j... hO"·.'.r, JOS<J>hu, I.,.kcs i. cJnr .h" I'dix h.d .rr:or1j;d for the ....... inatiOn< in tho .. ,]i.. ,·.... ion. Although ",l •• iun. buw«n J«u .. I.", .nd Korne rapidly dc«/jura.inS or 'hIS " ..., i. i. highly imptolubl< 'hat ,hi"y ,hou.. nci ,.bel, m.",hed on ).,.u •• le", for. mili... y C:OI!honra, ion wi,h thc Rom .... The S<Wod , ",-,un, ,uSlle'" • mucb unallcr crowd, b. thon. few thous. nd, four hundred , I.in, tw hund«d takrn pfti< ''''"0 "orin is ,0 """P' ,h., ,h. Egyp'ian had" ."boolan'i..! following "nd ,n., h. h.orl p",,·iou.Jy m.d. kno..n hi. plan' 10 bring down ,II< w.lI. of jeru..l.." ,n.ough (;00', in"",.n,ioo. He proNNy lI.ougt" SOIn. wi,b hin' 10 1•• u",!em. po,. hops a fe w hundred follow ...... a nd la'lir crowd outsiJr of 1
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0, ~ s.:.dJuc«c . nd h. dOpl, ..d Joseph., ;oJ .... ,.. In" ,hey Qn ly drew. I.... /uUow • ..., . 1=[ e:tdu,i.. ly from ,he we.l,hi., d ......" In ~h.PI ... 8, we w,lI look., 0\';. drn.:c th" the g"'pd " u,hun ""vned up til< cmb.rra"ing fa<mbie a Sanhedrin wi.hout hi. 'ORS< comm"" """mplion i, ru, the high pri ... punished j_mr. I:>!wuld .. pea f lind I'h.., • ..... p, the .hitf pd " """" who w,>< VCf'/ wick,d. woo,."otd ,iltmllm«. who . lmoo. <wa ioly would haY< id,n,ifiod dosdr with til< plight of th< poor, .~gn«l hi"",,11 wi.h 1M 101'«< ordd hi. . Ju" prio.r to tho "0< "oice from tf>< lou, .... ind., . voi", .gainst Jorn .. lem .nd til< ho1~ hou .... voice . g. in " ,h. hridegroom. and ,II< ""ide....,d . voice .goin" ,hi> whoir reopirT'" " Th «,i. prcdktion uM.nlcd . I!"'"' many p«>ple_ Bu. J.... har Anan", ,,'U not ... is/icd wi.h ,imp/< ",amins. H. r."" .. ed it, d.o.y .fter d..r. nigh •• ft., nigh ~ 'hroughO"' Jeru .. km. E.ery 00 often. oorne d,,,o.. dl>twbeJ by hi> aUi"ll' be.. bim. "yrt d.d not tH: < mon w•• J>O.""",d by. "divin. fury" . nd .h'r broug]" him to Albinu., ,h. It"",," g,w,rno,. " II'. no< d •• , .vh.. J_rhu. mean< by "divi". fory.""The 1" him the gift 01 "rophe.y. And its nOl ck., why the J •. So he pruocc '0 ,hang. ond he had tu I>< _, '0 on.""".1>< .«u.. ti"". in Rom •. A. A«< mak.. ,10." the putpo« of ~ing i ••o /orr< .h. a.
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_1(>. H" pal I>< Iud .I,udy ptd""tn<J .""h gr ... dted., Hi, «putotion dcptnd.c.:l on a nd IIouri.hed p",·ci.. l~ btoou .. 0/ ,I>< ....,...;1.00. " .. 01 which _ k b.1..... d him o'Pl!hle . And lik. the ,hOff mitod.·worIting prop ...... I>< p«dic'«I tho, God wu obou, '" in« ........ in •• " hly .If.o i.... If ,I>< oi ooing...,h ';P" 00 ~,«I Romon ofIici.1ll, how "'''''h .......... 00 would lOll .,.... whom , ,,. puhli< bel ...... d to "'... tOC't .... lly peoi"""'" _h ~
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"~I i»'~~J r;n~ ,!",,!dOJd • or." u'fOr ."'!""" "'II ">I"f J/o r>ll!~ """!I"Y pol>H ·"1'1"9 JO q"""'" "",u!odd •. u-,w0ll "'II ""'PP"! ~unuJ 'Uj ·,uo!'"" UtwOli ,q' ~'!'" P"lo,uI."" Aut ul "'I' '.~' j(' .,",...,"ow ..,ql lSu,"'" I'O!P< ,~.. o''''''''''lI 'q, I"~'" ".'" AU' ui .....,f "'I' nq' OU "! "'~I ~,"jiy 'Iu, ,,,,,,,, \Iu!, ,"'U! _,' "'4' II' "I ·~I!,,>q,". u''''''lI Aq """,,,ddn. "I"''! -0>' ,.._ "u:>W>AO'" >ooq ... put ..,.I..I'PI .... "'I' '''"I """"'II"J 1"""1 oq." )[.,~dOJd p""IMIn "qlO Ol ~':1'" "'"'" ""I' '"'!IU;U 0' ..... =>u ~ 'I'J 'I'!":I!0 u,,,,oll U>A' 'Iq< U!II..IOq" PUt dol >II'''''''' '" ",'" 'ul"" ',"'1!d .podt"', 'uo 'p.>'= pu, p.>In>II'''''' '1,u>tII 0, ,,>old. "'IHI po, .ulXlqln' u""oll J" >p1"n., p,,.,,,,,, oq ... ji"''''''lIo, oj"l • 'Il!-" (uo!id.!lt;i "'I' pu, "'pm«.L '",,!,""OS >II' JO
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.,,olso~ >ql JU "!1!4IP"" "'I' roj ""011 ' 01 u., >II ..., ,"'J(",!~ "oj""... "'I' jjU!~"U ~Il" I"",>;)UOO .!11,ow).ld SI IIN\"'~ l",n;>;In " "IM ,.~, ""1' ""'.. >, ..", ',o" ,"~"'1 l' u,w", ''In,!l..Iod 0'~ ',,!id'll >. '!'I.I. .pu).l>d '001' U! P'''''!'"''''''! .. 'W" >< Jewi,h . uthoritid for to., illegal pr=lings. In .ddition, if ou,hotiU'd to.....n,
the s"nh.Jrin cou ld H", , ck .. h p< ac ">cful gu,de., to hm. ",her Ron,.. ron<e"'l""""i....""h., Pi ..... may h..·• v~".. je• ., . ..... (Q j • ....,., ,t., j"",i,h luJo:" ..!l[ed . g.i n" tl>< .«ion, of'l>< high p"<St ond had him mnuved f,m offia:. Tho, ..txth [nci< popul ... ..,d no Jo:lim.. d h)' J<wi,h k.de" to th< Roman goWfDO' fo< di' poetion. do not 'ppn.....1 New T.... mrn' oclJol... h".. clu.llengliga'ion ...... will look ., tepom /,om Ih. Jewi," phllooophIdic.... ny ;n.n ."" dty of je< ",ph", .nJ hi> followm. Si"". h.,-• • I",. and •• oomeon< "whQ w.' 00.;,. 0 .. to J<stroy ou, ".,ion.'" H, lunn., .ceu... Sejan •• of h•• ing lodged m,ny fAI .. and ho"ibl. co,"rol. Bu, ouch ,~chir>g p,oved
ing. [n , h. y.. t become <mpero, .f.., Tilx,iu. died,.od ",b.n Tihc,i". ["m
