The Complete Herbal

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University of California

Berkeley

FROM THE ESTATE OF

AUDREY AIKIN

Alex

Allheal

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Amara

moil

Alkanet

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Dulcis or Bitter Sweet

KI'.I.IA.

LONDON.

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Angelica

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THE

COMPLETE HERBAL, TO WHICH

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NOW ADDED, UPWARDS OP

ONE HUNDRED ADDITONAL HERBS, WITH A DISPLAY OP THEIB

fttrlimnal and (Drrult

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. good for the same from the root purpose. simply, as steeped in wine, and distilled in a glass, is much more effectual than the water of the leaves and this water, drank two or three spoonfuls at a time, easeth all pains and torments coming of cold and wind, so that the body be not bound; and taken with some of the root in powder at the root smelled unto,

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water

is

distilled

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Flower Gentle, Flower Velurc, and Velvet Flower. Floramor, It Descript.~\ being a garden flower, and well known to every one that keeps it, I

it is

called

yet, notmight forbear the description because some desire it, I shall withstanding, with stalk a cubit It runs up a give it. high, streaked, and somewhat reddish toward the root^ but rery smooth, divided ;

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the beginning, helpeth the pleurisy, as also towards the top with small branches, among all other diseases of the lungs and breast, (which stand long broad leaves of a reddish as coughs, phthysic, and shortness of breath;! green colour, slippery; the flowers are not and a syrup of the stalks do the like. It J properly flowers, but tuffs, very beautiful helps pains of the cholic, the stranguary and to behold, but of no smell, of reddish colour; stoppage of the urine, procureth womens'jif you bruise them, they yield juice of the courses, and expelleth the after-birth, open- same colour, being gathered, they keep their eth the stoppings of the liver and spleen, beauty a long time; the seed is of a shining ;

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and

and discusseth

windi- black colour. ness and inward swellings. The decoction \ Time.'] They continue in flower from drank before the fit of an ague, that they August till the time the frost nip them, Government and virtues^] It is under the may sweat (if possible) before the fit comes, in two or three times taking, rid it dominion of Saturn, and is an excellent will, quite away it helps digestion and is a re- qualifier of the unruly actions and passions medy for a surfeit. The juice or the water of Venus, though Mars also should join being dropped into the eyes or ears, helps with her. The flowers dried and beaten dimness of sight and deafness; the j nice into powder, stop the terms in women, and put into the hollow teeth, easeth their pains. so do almost all other red things. And by The root in powder, made up into a plaister the icon, or imageof every herb, the ancients with a little pitch, and laid on the biting of at first found out their virtues. Modern mad dogs, or any other venomous creature, writers laugh at them for it ; but I wonder doth wonderfully help. The juice, or the in my heart, how the virtues of herbs came water dropped, or tents wet therein, and put at first to be known, if not by their signainto filthy dead ulcers, or the powder of the tures the moderns have them from the root (in want of either) doth cleanse and writings of the ancients ; the ancients had cause them to heal quickly, by covering the no writings to have them from but to pronaked bones with flesh ; the distilled water ceed. The flowers stop all fluxes of blood applied to places pained with the gout, or! whether in man or woman, bleeding either There is also a sort at the nose or wound. sciatica, doth give a grea-t deal of ease. The wild Angelica is not so effectual as; of Amaranthus that bears a white flowei, the garden; although it may be safely used which stops the whites in women, and the to all the purposes aforesaid. running of the reins in men, and is a most antivenereal, and a singular remedy j gallant for the French pox. AMARANTHUS. j briefly easeth

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BESIDES its common name, by which its best known by the florists of our days, 1

ANEMONE.

C A LLED

also

Wind Flower,

because they

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

10

say the flowers never open but when the wind blows. Pliny is my author; if it be not so, blame him. The seed also (if it bears any at all) flies away with the wind. Place and Time.1 They are sown usually in the gardens of the curious, and flower in As for description I shall the Spring-time. pass it, being well known to all those that

to the throat, or boiled, >

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and

in like

manner

matters not much, it is excellently applied, for swellings in the throat: the best good I way, suppose is to boil it, apply the herb outwardly the decoction of it besides is an excellent remedy for the yellow jaun it

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dice.

ARRACH, WILD AND STINKING.

sow them.

under the Government and virtues."] CALLED also Vulvaria, from that part 01 dominion of Mars, being supposed to be a! kind of Crow-foot. The leaves provoke the body, upon which the operation is most the terms mightily, being boiled, and the also Dog's Arrach, Goat's Arrach, and decoction drank. The body being bathed \ Stinking Motherwort. It is

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with the decoction of them, cures the leprosy, leaves being stamped and the juice snuffed up in the nose, purges the head; mightily; so does the root, being chewed in the mouth, for it procures much spitting, | and brings away many watery and phleg- j i

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matic humours, and

therefore excellent

This has small and almost DescriptJ] round leaves, yet a little pointed and without dent or cut, of a dusky mealy colour, growing on the slender stalks and branches that spread on the ground, with small flowers set with the leaves, and small seeds

succeeding like the rest, perishing yearly done, and rising again with its own sowing. It let physicians prate what they please, all smells like rotten fish, or something worse. the pills in the dispensatory purge not the P/ace.] It grows usually upon dunghills. head like to hot things held in the mouth. They flower in June and July, Time.~] for the lethargy.

is

And when

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all is

Being made into an ointment, and the eye- and

their seed is ripe quickly after. Government and virtues.^ Stinking Arrach of the eyes, whereby it is used as a remedy to women pained, and The same almost strangled with the mother, by smellstronger draws its weaker like. ointment is excellently good to cleanse ma- ing to it ; but inwardly taken there is no better remedy under the moon for that dis\ lignant and corroding ulcers. lids

anointed with

helps inflammations is palpable, that every

it, it

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Called

also

Orach, and

I would be large in commendation of this herb, were I but eloquent. It is an herb under the dominion of Venus, and unease.

GARDEN ARRACH. it

is

j tage cultivated for domestic uses. der the sign Scorpio ; it is common almost It is so commonly known to Descript.~\ upon every dunghill. The works of God it were labour lost to deare freely given to man, his medicines are every housewife, scribe it. common and cheap, and easily to be found.

It flowers and seeds from June I commend it for an universal medicine for \ end of August. the womb, and such a medicine as will Government and virtues.'] It is under the easily, safely, and speedily cure any disease Time."]

to the

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government of the Moon and moist like unto her.

of the moiher, dislocaout thereof; cools the falling andjtion, loosens the body of man being eaten, womb And let me fell over-heated. being | and fortifies the expulsive faculty in him. you this, and I will tell you the truth, heat j The herb, whether it be bruised and applied 'of the womb is one of the greatest causes ;

in quality cold It softens

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thereof,

or

as the

fits

TE

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Basil

Yellow

Ars smart

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

21

while under Jupiter; therefore take the branches, being round bellied and open at The the brims, and divided into two parts, the virtues of than apart, each by itself. the loosens much Beet white belly, and uppermost being like a hood, and the lowerof a cleansing, digesting quality, and most like a hip hanging down, of a dark is provokes urine. The juice of it opens rt-d colour, which passing there comes in obstructions both of the liver and spleen, their places small round heads with small and is good for the head-ache and swirn- points at the ends, wherein lie small and and turnings of the brain ; brownish seeds the root is a thick bush of rnings therein, j |

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effectual also against all venomous strings and shreds, growing from the head. It grows by the ditch side, creatures; and applied to the temples,? Place.] in it the and other water-courses, generally eyes; helps j brooks, stays inflammations being used with oil, and with a \ through this land, and is seldom found far

and

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burnings,

little

alum put

to

is

good good for

it,

An- from

for St.

the water-side.

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It flowers about wheals, \ Time.] July, and the the! seed is in August. and blisters, ripe pushes, Government and virtues.] Water Betonv herb boiled, and laid upon chilblains orj is an herb of The decoction thereof them. kibes, helps Jupiter in Cancer, and is apheals the more to wounds and hurts in the some and in water itch, propriated vinegar, if bathed therewith; and cleanses the head breasts than Wood Betony, which follows of dandruff, scurf, and dry scabs, and does j It is an excellent remedy for sick hogs. It much good for fretting and running sores, us of a cleansing quality. The leaves bruised ulcers, and cankers in the head, legs, or. and applied are effectual for all old and filthy 11 1 *11 */*.! and especially if the juice of the other parts, and is much commended against ulcers leaves be boiled with a little honey, and baldness and shedding the hair. The red Beet is good to stay the bloody- dipped therein, and the sores dressed thereas also for bruises and hurts, whether flux, women's courses, and the whites, and j with The distilled water of to help the yellow jaundice; the juice of inward or outward. the root put into the nostrils, purges the the leaves is used for the same purpose ; as head, helps the noise in the ears, and the also to bathe the face and hands spotted or tooth-ache; the juice snuffed up the nose, { blemished, or discoloured by sun burning, I confess I do not much fancy distilled helps a stinking breath, if the cause lie in the nose, as many times it does, if any bruise waters, I mean such waters as are distilled j as also want of smell cold some virtues of the herb they may has been there that have fit were a way. haply coming strange thing else ;) but * am c ""^ 6 " 1 f> that being disWATFU >V A 1 K 13FIFTOMV 1 U JN \ 1 tilled a pewter still, as the vulgar and CALLED also Brown-wort, and in York- I apish fashion is, both chemical oil and salt

thony's

fire.

It

is

all

blains in the skin

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is left behind unless you burn them, and of the Water then all is water and all, which was First, Betony, Descript.] spoiled, which rises with square, hard, greenish good for as little as cun be by such a disup stalks, sometimes brown, set with broad tillation. dark green leaves dented about the edges I with notches somewhat resemblingthe leaves of the Wood Betony, but much larger too, COMMON or Wood Betonv Descrtpt.] for the most part set at a joint The flowers j has many leaves rising from the root, are many, set at the tops of the stalks and* which are somewhat broad and round at

shire, Bishop's-leaves.

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

22

pure honey is no less available for all sorts standing upon long foot stalks, from among I of coughs, or colds, wheesing, or shortness which rise up small, square, slender, but of breath, distillations of thin rheum upon upright hairy stalks, with some leaves there- the lungs, which causes consumptions, on to a piece at the joints, smaller than the The decoction made with Mead, and a little lower, whereon are set several spiked heads i Pennyroyal, is good for those that are of flowers like Lavender, but thicker and troubled with putrid agues, whether quoshorter for the most part, and of a reddish tidian, tertian, or quartan, and to draw or purple colour, spotted with white spots down and evacuate the blood and humours, both in the upper and lower part. The j that by falling into the eyes, do hinder the seeds being contained within the husks that sight; the decoction thereof made in wine j hold the flowers, are blackish, somewhat j and taken, kills the worms in the belly, long and uneven. The roots are many opens obstructions both of the spleen and cures stitches, and pains in the white thready strings: the stalk perishes, liver but the roots with some leaves thereon, back and sides, the torments and griping abide all the Winter. The whole plant is pains in the bowels, and the wind cholic somewhat small. Jand mixed with honey purges the belly, the end roundly dented about the edges,

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grows frequently in woods, helps to bring down women's courses, and is of shady places, special use for those that are troubled And it flowers in with the after July Time.'] falling down of the mother, and which the seed is quickly ripe, yet in its pains thereof, and causes an easy and prime in May. speedy delivery of women in child-birth, Government and virtues,"] The herb is ap- It helps also to break and expel the stone, propriated to the planet Jupiter, and the either in the bladder or kidneys. The deAntonius Musa, physician to coction with wine gargled in the mouth, sign Aries. It is commended the Emperor Augustus Caesar, wrote a pe- eases the tooth-ache. culiar book of the virtues of this herb and against the stinging and biting of venomous other virtues saith of that it it, among pre- serpents, or mad dogs, being used inwardly serves the liver and bodies of men from and applied outwardly to the place. A the danger of epidemical diseases, and from idram of the powder of Betony taken with Placed]

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it ; helps those that loath a little honey in some vinegar, does wonand cannot digest their meat, those that derfully refresh those that are over wearied have weak stomachs and sour belchmgs, or by travelling. It stays bleeding at the mouth continual rising in their stomachs, using or nose, and helps those that void or spit it] familiarly either green or dry; either the blood, and those that are bursten or have herb, or root, or the flowers, in broth, drink, a rupture, and is good for such as are or meat, or made into conserve, syrup, bruised by any fall or otherwise. The water, electuary, or powder, as every one green herb bruised, or the juice applied to may best frame themselves unto, or as the any inward hurt, or outward green wound time and season requires taken any of in the head or body, will quickly heal and the aforesaid ways, it helps the jaundice, close it up as also any veins or sinews that falling sickness, the palsy, convulsions, or are cut, and will draw forth any broken shrinking of the sinews, the gout and those bone or splinter, thorn or other things got that are inclined to dropsy, those that have into the flesh. It is no less profitable for continual pains in their heads, although it old sores or filthy ulcers, yea, tho' they be turn to phrensy. The powder mixed with \ fistulous and hollow. But some do advise

witchcraft also

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. to put a

little salt for this purpose, being with a little hog's lard, it helps a! applied plague sore, and other boils and pushes, The fumes of the decoction while it is warm, received by a funnel into the ears, eases the pains of them, destroys the worms and cures the running sores them. The juice dropped into them does the same. Ihe root of Betony is displeasboth to the taste and stomach, whereas: ing the leaves and flowers, by their sweet and spicy taste, are comfortable both to meat and medicine. These are some of the many virtues! \

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The water

that is found in the hollow places of decaying Beeches will cure both man and beast of any scurf, or running tetters, if they be washed therewith you may boil the leaves into a poultice, or make an ointment of them when time of year serves. ;

H BILBERRIES, CALLED

BY SOME WHORTS,

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OF these I shall only speak Descript^] of two sorts which are common in England, viz. The black and red berries. And first of the black. The small bush creeps along upon the Anthony Muse, an expert physician, (for it ground, scarcely rising half a yard high, was not the practice of Octavius Cesar to; with divers small green leaves set in the keep fools about him) appropriates to green branches, not always one against the Betony it is a very precious herb, that is other, and a little dented about the edges: certain, and most fitting to be kept in a At the foot of the leaves come forth small, man's house, both in syrup, conserve, oil, hollow, pale, bluish coloured flowers, the ointment and plaister. The flowers are brims ending at five points, with a reddish thread in the middle, which pass into small usually conserved. round berries of the bigness and colour of THE BEECH TREE. U f i 'jumper berries, but of a purple, sweetish IN treating of this tree, you must under- sharp taste; the juice of them gives a j :

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the green mast Beech, purplish colour in their hands and lips that distinction from that eat and handle them, especially if they other small rough sort, called in Sussex the break them. The root grows aslope under j smaller Beech, but in Essex Horn-beam. ground, shooting forth in sundry places I suppose it is needless to describe it, jas it This loses its leaves in creeps. too well known to counWinter, my being already

stand, that I

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The Red Bilberry, or Whortle-Bush, woods Place.'] grows amongst oaks rises up like the former, having sundry and other trees, and in parks, forests, and hard eaves, like the Box-tree leaves, green and in other places to and round pointed, standing on the several chases, to feed deer fatten swine. branches, at the top whereof only, and not It blooms in the end of April, from the sides, as in the former, come forth Time.'] or beginning of May, for the most part, divers round, reddish, sappy berries, when and the fruit is ripe in September. they are ripe, of a sharp taste. The root trymen.

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Government and Saturn, and

It is a plant of | runs in the ground, as in the former, therefore performs his qualities! the leaves of this abide all Winter, virtues.]

but

and proportion in these operations. The The first grows in forests, on the PlaceJ] Beech tree are cooling and heaths, and such like barren places the binding, and therefore good to be applied red grows in the north parts of this land, as to hot swellings to discuss them the nuts Lancashire, Yorkshire, &c. do much nourish such beasts as feed thereon. They flower in March and Time.~\ i

leaves of the

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April,

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

and the fruit of the black and August.

is

ripe in July

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straight tree, fraught with

Government and virtues."] They are under the dominion of Jupiter. It is a pity they are used no more in physic than they are. The black Bilberries are good inhot agues and to cool the heat of the liver and stomach ; they do somewhat bind the belly, about ;

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and stay vomitings and loathings; the juice of the berries

made

in a syrup, or the

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pulp

made

into a conserve with sugar, is good for the purposes aforesaid, as also for an old

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cough, or an ulcer in the lungs, or other; diseases therein.

The Red Worts

are

more j

binding, and stops women's courses, spitting of blood, or any other flux of blood or

humours, being used as well outwardly as inwardly.

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BIRD'S FOOT.

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bearo small short cat-skins, somewhat like those of the hazelnut-tree, which abide on the branches a

somewhat sweet, shooting downward many L long strings, rises up a round green stalk, bare or naked next the ground for an inch, two or three to the middle thereof as it is in age or growth; as also from the middle upward to the flowers, having only two broad PJamtain-like leaves (but whiter) set at the middle of the stalk one against another,; compassing it round at the bottom of them.

many

slender branches bending downward : the old being covered with discoloured chapped bark, and the younger being browner by much. The leaves at the first breaking our are crumpled, and afterwards like the beech leaves, but smaller and greener, and dented

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co]our whj ^ h afterward ,

a_ head t the] bein ^ in usual inhabitant an Place.] turn into small Jjofnted ds? wdl resem . woods, copses, and in many places in this blin the claw of small birds> whence it took It

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There is another sort grows m wet grounds and marshes, which is somewhat different; from the former. It is a smaller plant, and greener having sometimes three leaves; the

its

name

another ort of Bird>s Foot in but a ]itlle , ike the fo all thin le whitjsh red fhe flowers of a distinct the ds and % col \ by joints like spike of the flowers is less than the former, the other, but a little more crooked ; and and the roots of this do run or creep in the the roots do carry many small white knots ground. IHVJ strings. OHllltLO. j^gj-^s JVGH1C10 Qr \Jl ailJUl.lt'ai. _., ! , i amongst s the They are often used by many to good and

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purpose for wounds, both green and old.j and well it to consolidate or knit ruptures

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THE BIRCH TREE. THIS grows a goodly Descript.]

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Government and

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a ces o f this land.

They belong to virtues.'] are of a and Saturn, drying, binding quality

PLATE

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is a singular remedy to wash any bitten or stung by any venomous place creature ; as also for any of the purposes

roots,

of, and is very good to wash or ulcers. The decoction sores any running of the root in wine being drank, hinders abortion or miscarriage in child-bearing.

DescriptJ]

before spoken

The and is a great help

leaves also kill the

worms

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THIS

small plant never bears

more than one leaf, but only when it rises up with its stalk, which thereon bears another, and seldom more, which are of a blueish green colour, broad at the bottom, ribs or veins like

and pointed with many

in children,

at the top of the stalk grow to them that cannot keep Plaintain | the juice of Plaintain be many small flowers star-fashion, smelling added thereto, and outwardly applied, much ! somewhat sweet ; after which comes small The helps the ghonorrhea, or running of the! reddish berries when they are ripe. dram of the powder of the root \ root small of the bigness of a rush, lying reins. taken in water thereof, wherein some red I and creeping under the upper crust of the hot iron or steel hath been quenched, is also \ earth, shooting forth in divers places, It grows in moist, shadowy, an admirable help thereto, so as the body Place.'] from the of- grassy places of woods, in many places of and be first

their water;

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prepared fensive humours.

purged

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The

leaves, seed, or roots this realm. It flowers about May, and the are all veiy good in decoctions, drinks or; Time.'] lotions, for inward or outward wounds, or berries are ripe in June, and then quickly other sores. And the powder strewed upon | perishes, until the next year it springs from j

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any cut or wound

in

a vein,

stays the

;

the

same again.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

27

Government and virtues.,] It is an herb of I berries mixed with the juice of mulberries, the Sun, and therefore cordial ; half a dram, j do bind more effectually, and hdp all fretor a dram at most, of the root hereof in ting and eatingsores and ulcers wheresoever, | powder taken in wine and vinegar, of each j The distilled Avater of the branches, leaves, a little quantity, and the party presently and flowers, or of the fruit, is very pleasant j aid to sweat, is held to be a sovereign Jin taste, and very effectual in fevers and hot remedy for those that are infected with the j distempers of the body, head, eyes, and plague, and have a sore upon them, by ex- 1 other parts, and for the purposes aforesaid, pelling the poison, and defending the heart | The leaves boiled in lye, and the head

and spirits from danger. It is also accounted a singular good wound herb, and therefore used Avith other herbs in making such balms as are necessary for curing of wounds, either green or old, and especially if the

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nerves be hurt.

THE BRAMBLE, OR SLACK-BBHKT BUSH. IT is so well known that it needs no The virtues thereof are description.

washed black.

The powder

of the leaves strewed

on cankers and running

ulcers, wonderfully Some use to condenthem. to heal helps of the the sate leaves, and some the juice tO f

J remedy for the biting of the viper or adder, \ which I take to be one and the same The at

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BUGLE

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same being

also drank, helps those that are troubled with the stone in the veins or kid-

neys, by cooling the heat of the part afflicled, and strengthens them ; also weak

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BESIDES

the

name Bugle,

it

is

called

Middle Confound and Middle Comfrey, Brown Bugle, and by some Sicklewort, and

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

$4

* Herb-Carpenter though in Essex we call for those that are liver-grown (as they ca, It is wonderful in another herb by that name. jit.) curing all manner o has than This leaves ulcers and sores, whether new and fresh larger Descript.] ;

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those of the Self-heal, but else of the same fashion, or rather longer in some green on the upper side, and in others more brownish, dented about, the edges, somewhat hairy, as the square stalk is also which rises up to be half a yard high sometimes, with the leaves set by couples, from the middle almost, whereof upwards stand the flowers, ;

{or old and inveterate; yea, gangrenes and fistulas also, if the leaves bruised and applied, or their juice be used to wash and bathe the place, and the same made into a j

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lotion, and some honey and alum cures sores in the mouth and gums, be they

j

all j

never so foul, or of long continuance ana works no less powerfully and effectually for and browner such ulcers and sores as happen in the with smaller many together leaves than the rest, on the stalk below set secret parts of men and women. Being at distance, and the stalk bare between \ also taken inwardly, or outwardly applied, them ; among which flowers, are also small it helps those that have broken any bone, ones of a blueish and sometimes of an ash or have any member out of joint. An colour, fashioned like the flowers of Ground- ointment made with the leaves of Bugle, ivy, after which come small, round blackish Scabions and Sanicle bruised and boileil The root is composed of many in hog's grease, until the herbs be dry, and seeds. and then strained forth into a pot for such spreads upon the ground. strings, j The white flowered Bugle differs not in occasions as shall require; it is so singularly form or greatness from the former, saving | good for all sorts of hurts in the body, that that the leaves and stalks are always green, none that know its usefulness will be withj and never brown, like the other, and the out it. The truth is, I have known this herb cure flowers thereof are white. j j

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woods, copses, some diseases of Saturn, of which 1 thought and fields, generally throughout England, good to quote one. Many times such as but the white flowered Bugle is not so j give themselves much to drinking are troubled with strange fancies, strange sights plentiful as the former. in the nighttime, and some with voices, Time.'] They flower from May until July, aiuu in the mean time perfect their seed. las also with the disease Ephialtes, or the The roots and leaves next thereunto upon | Mare. I take the reason of this to be the ground abiding all the Winter. (according to Fernelius) a melancholy Government and virtues^ This herb be- vapour made thin by excessive drinking longs to Dame Venus: If the virtues of it strong liquor, and so flies up and disturbs make you fall in love with it (as they will | the fancy, and breeds imaginations like Those if you be wise) keep a syrup of it to take; itself, viz. fearful and troublesome. cured an know ointment and of it 1 have by taking only two inwardly, plaister herb after to use outwardly, always by you. Ispoonfui. of the syrup of this The decoction of the leaves and flowers \ supper two hours, when you go to bed. made in wine, and taken, dissolves the con- But whether this does it by sympathy or I gea-ltd blood in those that are bruised in- j antipathy, is some doubt in astrology. wardly by a fall, or otherwise is very know there is great antipathy between effectual for any inward wounds, thursts, Saturn and Venus in matter of procreation ; j or stabs in the body or bowels ; and it is yea, such a one, that the barrenness of n especial help in all wound-drinks, and Saturn can be removed by none but Venus PlaceJ]

They grow

in

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also no less effectual both to stop fluxes, Placed] grows j dens. The wild kind and dry up moist sores, being taken in counties of this land, especially in Hunting- powder inwardly in wine, or steeled water, j don, in Northamptonshire, in the meadows that is, wherein hot rods of steel have been there as also near London, by Pancras j quenched ; or the powder, or the seed It first

frequently in gargrows in divers

!

;

:

churrh,and by a causeway-side in the middle mixed with the ointments, of afield by Paddington. THE BUTTER-BUR, OR PETASITIS. TimeJ] They flower about the end ofj and of and their seed June, July, beginning is THIS rises up in February, ripe in August. Descript.~] Government and virtues."] This is an herb with a thick stalk about a foot high, wherethe Sun challenges dominion over, and is on are set a few small leaves, or rather a most precious herb, little inferior to pieces, and at the tops a long spiked head; Betony the continual use of it preserves flowers of a blue or deep red colour, ac\

\

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

36 cording to the

where

grows, and be- r fore the stalk with the flowers have abiden ( soil

it

THE BURDOCK.

a month above ground, it will be witnered They are also called Personata, and } and gone, and blow away svith the wind, Loppy-major, great Burdock and Clod-bur, and the leaves will begin to spring, which It is so well known, even by the little j boys, being full grown, are very large and broad, who pull off the burs to throw and stick being somewhat thin and almost round, upon each other, that I shall spare to wiite whose thick red foot stalks above a foot | any description of it. long, stand towards the middle of the leaves. j PlaceJ] They grow plentifully by ditches The lower part being divided into two round and water-sides, and by the highways alj parts, close almost one to another, and are j most every where through this land. of a pale green colour; and hairy underGovernment and virtues.'] Venus chalneath. The root is long, and spreads under lenges this herb for her own, and by its leat in some no or seed draw than the womb which ground, being places you may bigger ones finger, in others much bigger, blackish way you please, either upwards by applying on the outside, and whitish within, of a it to the crown of the head, in case it falls bitter and unpleasant taste. out ; or downwards in fits of the mother, Place and Time.'] They grow in low and by applying it to the soles of the feet ; or wet grounds by rivers and water sides. if you would stay it in its place, apply it to Their flower (as is said) rising and decaying the navel, and that is one good way to stay j j

\

;

February and March, before their leaves, which appear in April. Government and virtues.^ It is under the dominion of the Sun, and therefore is a great strengthener of the heart, and clearer

the child in

in

of the

:

leaves are

cooling, moderately drying, and discussing withal, whereby it is good for old ulcers and dram of the roots taken with sores.

A

Pine kernels, helps them that spit foul, mattery, and bloody phlegm. The leaves

The

roots thereof are found to be very availby long experience able against the plague and pestilential fevers by provoking sweat if the powder vital spirits.

The Burdock

it.

j

applied to the places troubled with the shrinkingof the si news or arteries, give much ease. The juice of the leaves, or rather thereof be taken in wine, it also resists the the roots themselves, given to drink with force of any other poison. The root hereof i old wine, doth wonderfully help the biting taken with Zedoary and Angelica, or without of any serpents And the root beaten with them, helps the rising of the mother. The \ a little salt, and laid on the place, suddenly decoction of the root in wine, is singularly eases the pain thereof, and helps those that good for those that wheese much, or are \ are bit by a mad dog. The juice of the short winded. It provokes urine also, and leaves being drank with honey, provokes j women's courses, and kills the flat and urine, and remedies the pain of the bladder. broad worms in the belly. The powder of The seed being drank in wine forty days the root doth wonderfully help to dry up together, doth wonderfully help the sciatica. the moisture of the sores that are hard to be The leaves bruised with the white of an egg, cured, and takes away all spots and and applied to any place burnt with fire, blemishes of the skin. It were well if takes out the fire, gives sudden ease, and gentlewomen would keep this root preserved, heals it up afterwards. The decoction of ;

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to help their

poor neighbours.

It

is

.

them

fit the

rich should help the poor, for the poor cannot help fhemselves

i

fomented on

any

fretting

sore

or

canker, stays the corroding quality, which must be afterwards anointed with an oint-

Burdoolt

Butter-bur

"Wall

Bug-loss

,

it,

for

it

nine part.

CAMOMILE. I

is

IT is so well known every where, that but lost time and labour to describe

The

39

aches, shrinking of the sinews, or cramps, 01 pa'.ns in the joints, or any other part of the body. used in it Being clysters, helps to dissolve the wind and pains in the belly ;

anointed

it j

it.

1

also, it

helps stitches and pains in

the sides.

Nechessor sailh, the Egyptians dedicated decoction made of Camomile, and j it to the Sun, because it cured agues, and drank, takes away all pains and stitches in j they Avere like enough to doit, for they the side. The flowers of Camomile beaten, were the arrantest apes in their religion j and made up into balls with Gill, drive away that I ever read of. Bachinus, Bena, and all sorts of agues, if the part grieved be j Lobel, commend the syrup made of the anointed with that oil, taken from the i juice of it and sugar, taken inwardly, to be Also this is cerfloAvers, from the crown of the head to the | excellent for the spleen. sole of the foot, and afterwards laid to tain, that it most wonderfully breaks the \ sweat in his bed, and that he sweats well. stone Some take it in syrup or decoction, This is Nechessor, an Egyptian's, medicine. others inject the juice of it into the bladder It is profitable for all sorts of opinion is, that the agues that with a syringe. corne either from phlegm, or melancholy, salt of it, taken half a dram in the morning or from an inflammation of the bowels, in a little white or Rhenish wine, is better being applied when the humours causing than either; that it is excellent for the stone, them shall be concocted ; and there is appears in this which I have seen tried, nothing more profitable to the sides and viz. That a stone that has been taken out The of the body of a man being wrapped in region of the liver and spleen than it. with a of decoction Camomile Camomile, will in time dissolve, and in a bathing virtues thereof are as follow.

A

;

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{

weariness, eases pains, to what part of the body soever they be applied. It comforts the sinews that are over-strained,

\

moderately com-

j

takes

away

molifies all swellings

:

It

j

little

time too.

I

WATER-CALTROPS.

that have need of warmth, THEY are called also Tribulus Aquaticus, \ dissolves whatsoever has need Tribulus Lacusoris, Tribulus, Marinus, \

forts all parts

digests and thereof, by a wonderful speedy property, j Caltrops, Saligos, It eases all pains of the cholic and stone, 'I Chesnuts.

Water Nuts, and Water

and all pains and torments of the belly, As for the greater sort of De-script.'] and gently provokes urine. The flowers Water Caltrop it is not found here, or very boiled in posset-drink provokes sweat, and | rarely. Two other sorts there are which to all I here The first has a long shall describe. aches and colds, help expel pains and is and an excellent help to \ creeping whatsoever, jointed root, sending forth tufts at each made bring down women's courses. Syrup joint, from which joints rise of the juice of Camomile, with the flowers i long flat, slender knotted stalks, even to in white wine, is a remedy against the the top of the water, divided towards the and jaundice dropsy. The flowers boiled top into many branches, each carrying in lye, are good to wash the head, and two leaves on both sides, being about two \

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M

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

40

inches Jong, and half an inch broad, thin on the end unto the middle, making them and almost transparent, they look as though seem to be two a-piece, smelling somewhat the flowers are long, thick sweet, and each of them they were torn standing in a and whitish, set together almost like a large green striped hairy husk, large and bunch of grapes, which being gone, there round below next to the stalk The seed is succeed, for the most part, sharp pointed! small and greyish in the hard heads thai The root is white and grains all together, containing a small white come up afterwards. j i

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kernel in them.

The second

long, spreading divers fangs in the ground. The Red wild Campion grows in the same-

:

differs

not

much from

this,

|

save that it delights in more clear water j manner as the White, but its leaves are not Us stalks are not flat, but round its leaves; soplainlyribbed, somewhat shorter, rounder, are not so long, but more pointed ; As for land more woolly in handling. The flowers the place we need not determine, for their \ are of the same form and bigness but in some of a pale, in others of a bright red name shews they grow irt water. Government and virtues.'] They are under colour, cut in at the ends more finely, which j the dominion of the Moon, and being made j makes the leaves look more in number than The seeds and the roots are. into a poultice, are excellently good for hot the other. sore the roots of both sorts abiding many cankers, inflammations, alike, swellings, washed with the and mouths throats, being j years. There are forty-five kinds 01 Campion decoction ; it cleanses and strengthens the | neck and throat, and helps those swellings more, those of them which are of a phywhich when people have, they say the jsical use, having the like virtues with those almonds of their ears are fallen down. Il| above described, which I take to be the two is excellently good for the rankness of the; chief kinds. ;

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gums, a

safe

and present remedy

for

thej Place.'] excellent for the stone this land and gravel, especially the nuts, being dried, j ditches. They also resist poison, and bitings of| TimeJ]

They are

king's evil.

venomous

:

beasts.

5

}

CAMPION, WILD.

They grow commonly through by fields and hedge-sides, and

earlier than others, than others.

Government and j

THE

Summer, some and some abiding longer

flower in

They

virtues.']

They belong

to Saturn, and it is found by experience, that the decoction of the herb, either in white or red wine being drank, doth stay

wild White Campion and somewhat broad dark many long green leaves lying upon the ground, and inward bleedings, and applied outwardly, and being drank, helps divers ribs therein, somewhat like plantain,' it does the like but somewhat hairy, broader, but not so .to expel urine, being stopped, and gravel long: The hairy stalks rise up in the mid- and stone in the reins and kidneys. Two die of them three or four feet high, and drams of the seed drank in wine, purges sometimes more, with divers great white the body of choleric humours, and helps and two those that are stung by scorpions, or other joints at several places thereon, such like leaves thereat up to the top, send- 1 venomous beasts, and may be as effectual for the plague. It is of very good use in ing forth branches at several joints also white foot-stalks old All which bear on several sores, ulcers, cankers, fistulas, and the flowers at the tops of them, consisting of pike, to cleanse and heat them, by confive broad pointed leaves, every one cut in suming the moist humours falling into Descript.~]

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. them and correcting the putrefaction of humours offending them.

41

5

CARROTS.

CARDUUS BENEDICTS. or } that they need no description ; but because I sup- they are of less physical use than the wild Blessed Thistle, or Holy Thistle. j it by some kind (as indeed almost in all herbs the wild was name the put upon j pose most effectual in physic, as being more that had little holiness themselves. \ are in operation than the in a I shall spare a labour | powerful writing garden this as almost every one that kinds,) I shall therefore briefly describe the of description j can but write at all, may describe them ? Wild Carrot.

IT

is

called

Carduus

Benedictus,

own knowledge. They flower in August, and seed Time.~\

from

his

not long after. Government and

Descript.'] ?

$

It

grows

in

a manner

al-

together like the tame, but that the leaves and stalks are somewhat whiter and rougher

an herb of The

stalks bear large tufts of white flowers, with a deep purple spot in the middle, which are contracted together when the seed begins to ripen, that the middle part ; j hollow and low, and the outward \ being it true. It stalk find to \ your content, rising high, makes the whole umbel you shall, a bird's nest. The roots small, helps swimming and giddiness of the head, j to show like or the disease called vertigo, because Aries { long, and hard, and unfit for meat, being It is an excellent some\v hat is in the house of Mars. sharp and strong. the and The wild kind grows in divers yellow jaundice remedy against Place.~\ other infirmities of the gall, because Mars! parts of this land plentifully by the fieldgoverns choler. It strengthens the attrac- sides, and untilled places. live faculty in man, and clarifies the blood, They flower and seed in the end Time.'] because the one is ruled by Mars. The of Summer. Government and virtues.^ Wild Carrots continual drinking the decoction of it, helps red faces, tetters, a-nd ring-worms, because belong to Mercury, and therefore break Mass causes them. It helps the plague, wind, and remove stitches in the sides, prosores, boils, and itch, the bitings of mad jvoke urine and women's courses, and helps dogs and venomous beasts, all which in- to break and expel the stone the seed also thus you see of the same works the like effect, and is firmities are under Mars; what it doth by sympathy. good for the dropsy, and those whose bellies to other it cures the swollen with wind; helps the cholic, i are planets By antipathy French pox. By antipathy to Venus, who the stone in the kidneys, and rising of the governs it, it strengthens the memory, and mother being taken in wine, or boiled in cures deafness by antipathy to Saturn, who wine, and taken, it helps conception. The has his fall in Aries, which rules the head. leaves being applied with honey to running It cures quartan agues, and other diseases sores or ulcers, do cleanse them, j of melancholy, and adust choler, by I suppose the seeds of them perform this sym-j Mars to exalted in better than the roots and though Galen Saturn, pathy being Also the commended Capricorn. provokes urine, stoppgarden Carrots highly to break ing of which is usually caused by Mars or {wind, yet experience teaches they breed it the Moon. and we may thank nature for expelling \ first, virtues.

It is

Mars, and under the sign Aries. Now, in handling this herb, I shall give you a and if you rational pattern of all the rest them view to throughout the book, please

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

42

not they the seeds of them expel wind indeed, and so mend what the root marrs.

people exceedingly, and they need not to I make a whole meal of them neither, and are ev ery garden. ^ bc pl an t e(l CARRAWAY Carraway comfits, once only dipped in IT is on account of the seeds principally sugar, and half a spoonful of them eaten in that the Carraway is cultivated. the morning fasting, and as many after ea ~ | Descript] It bears divers stalks of fine meal, is a most admirable remedy, for those cut leaves, lying upon the ground, some- j that are troubled with wind, what like to the leaves of carrots, but not CELANDINE. bushing so thick, of a little quick taste in; THIS hath divers lender, them, from among which rises up a square Descript.~] not so as the at whitish whose round, stalk, Carrot, high green stalks, with greater joints are set the like leaves, but smaller! joints than ordinary in other herbs as it and finer, and at the top small open tufts, \ were knees, very brittle and easy to break, or umbels of white flowers, which turn into \ from whence grow branches with large small blackish seed, smaller than the; tender broad leaves, divided into many Anniseed, and of a quicker and hotter parts, each of them cut in on the edges, taste. The root is whitish, small and long, set at the joint on both sides of the somewhat like unto a parsnip, but with branches, of a dark blueish green colour, more wrinkled bark, and much less, of a on the upper side like Columbines, and of little hot and quick taste, and stronger a more pale blueish green underneath, full than the parsnip, and abides after seed- of yellow sap, when any is broken, of a it,

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. can prove it doth both my own the experience of those to experience, and whom I have taught it, that most desperate sore eyes have been cured by this only medicine and then, I pray, is not this far better than endangering the eyes by the art of the needle? For if this does not absowith

:

not only good against the itch, but takes away all discolourings of the skin whatsoever and if it chance that in a tender body it causes any itchings or inflammathe place with a little tipns, by bathing

I

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vinegar

it is

helped.

Another ill-favoured trick have physicians it will so facilitate got to use to the eye, and that is worse than lutely take away the film, the work, that it might be done without the needle which is to take away the films or root boiled in white \ by corroding or gnawing medicines. That danger. The herb Wine and drank, a few Anniseeds being I absolutely protest against, 1. Because the tunicles of the boiled therewith, opens obstructions of the eyes are and therefore soon the eaten ;! and thin, liver asunder, very yellow jaundice gall, helps 2. The callus or film that and often using it, helps the dropsy and the they would eat is seldom of an equal thickness in itch, and chose who have old sores in their away, and The then the the of tunicle may be or other every place, body. parts legs, eaten in asunder be one is held to of! taken place, before the film fasting, juice thereof J ~ "--be in consumed the pestilence, another, and so be a readier singularly good use against The distilled water, with a little sugar and way to extinguish the sight than to restore a little good treacle mixed therewith (the it. It is called Chelidonium, from the Greek laid down to party upon the taking being sweat a little) has the same effect. The word Chelidon, which signifies a swallow iuice dropped into the eyes, cleanses them because they say, that if you put out the from films and cloudiness which darken the eyes of young swallows when they are in :j

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best to allay the sharpness It is of the iuice with a little breast milk. sight, but

it is

in all old

corroding -creeping ulcers wheresoever, to stay their malignity of fretting and running, and to cause therm

good

to

heal

filthy

more speedily: The juice

often

!

j

the nest, the old ones will recover their eyes again with this herb. This I am confident,

j

have

tried it, that if we mar the very of their apple eyes with a needle, she will recover them again but whether with this herb or not, I know not. for I

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Also I have read (and it seems to be applied to tetters, ring-worms, or other such I heal somewhat like spreading cankers, will quickly probable) that the herb, being them, and rubbed often upon warts, will gathered as I shewed before, and the take them away. The herb with the roots elements draw apart from it by art of the bruised and bathed with oil of camomile, alchymist, and after they are drawn apart and applied to the navel, takes away the j rectified, the earthly quality, still in rectifygriping pains in the belly and bowels, and ing them, added to the Terra damnata (as and applied to Alchy mists call it) or Terra Sacratissima (as all the pains of the mother women's breasts, stays the overmuch flowing i some philosophers call it) the elements so of the courses, "^he juice or decoction of {rectified are sufficient for the cure of all the herb garglea between the teeth thatach, diseases, thehumoursoffendingbeingknown, ases the pain, and the powder of the dried and the contrary element given It is an root laid upon any aching, hollow or loose experiment worth the trying, and can do The juice no harm. tooth, will cause it to fall out. mixed with some powder of brimstone is j

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another opinion, yet a physician holds half THIS is so well known to swim on the an acre of them to be worth five acres of; Carrots twice told over. tops of standing waters, as ponds, pools, j

i

DOVE

,

,

S-FOOT,

OR CEANES-BILL.

THIS has divers small, round, Descript.] cut in about the edges, leaves, pale-green much like mallow, standing upon long,

and

5

ditches, that

it is

needless further to

Government and virtues.'] Cancer claims the herb, and the Moon will be Lady of it ; a word is enough to a wise man. It is

|

j

reddish, hairy stalks, lying in a round com- effectual to help inflammations, and St pass upon the ground; among which rise | Anthony's Fire, as also the gout, either up two or three, or more, reddish, jointed, [applied by itself, or in a poultice with Bar;

The distilled water by some is slender, weak, hairy stalks, with some like [ley meal. leaves thereon, but smaller, and more cut in highly esteemed against all inward inflamup to the tops, where grow many very j mations and pestilent fevers ; as also to small bright red flowers of five leaves a- help the redness of the eyes, and swellings piece ; after which foHow small heads, with \ of privities, and of the breasts before they small short beaks pointed forth, as all other j be grown too much. The fresh herb apto the forehead, eases the pains of sorts of those herbs do. j plied the and head-ache It in coming of heat. Place."] grows pasture grounds, |

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PLATE

-Kringo

Dock

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j j

wort

Elecampane

Dr< g-oi

Dove's

Dog's

Foot

THOMAS KELLY. LONDON.

Grass

JUoody Dock 1835.

7.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. \

like a

DOWN, OR COTTON-THISTLE. THIS has large on the ground, somewhat cut Descript.~]

to the lower

|

leaves lying in, and as it

were crumpled on the edges, of a green colour on the upper side, but covered with set with long hairy wool, or Cotton Down, midthe from most sharp and cruel pricks, forth die of whose head of flowers, thrust many purplish crimson threads, and sometimes (although very seldom) white ones. The seed that follows in the heads, lying in a great deal of white down, is somewhat large, long, and round, like the seed of ladies thistle, but paler. The root is great

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and

thick, spreading much, yet it usually dies after seed-time. It grows in divers ditches, Place.'] banks, and in corn-fields, and highways, where throughout the land.

generally every It flowers and bears seed about TimeJ] the end of Summer, when other thistles do flower and seed. Government and virtues.,] Mars owns the and manifests to the world, that plant,

j |

j

j | i

\ \

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stalks,

and see how

snake they look.

Government and virtues. J I he plant is un der the dominion of Mars, and therefore be a wonder if it should want Jt would SO me

obnoxious quality or other In all herbs of that quality, the safest way is either to distil the herb in an alembick, in

w ]iat \

end of the

67

:

vehicle)

you

please, or else to press

ou t the juice, and distil that in a glass still, It scours and cleanses the inf n sand. ternal parts of the body mightily, and it clears the external parts also, being externa lly applied, from freckles, morphew, and Your best way to use it ex:

sun-burning ternally,

me nt and

of

is

to

it

is

ulcers

;

with vinegar ; an ointheld to be good in wounds consumes cankers, and that

mix

it

it

esn growing in the nostrils, which they call Also the distilled water being Polypus the eyes, takes away spots into dropped there, or the pin and web, and mends the dimness ofsight; it is excellently good againsf Pliny and Diospestilence and poison. no that corides affirm, serpent will meddlew jth him that carries this herb about him. fl

:

though it may hurt your finger, it will help j THE ELDER TREE. ! your body for I fancy it much for the j HOLD j t nee(}less to write any descripPliny and Dioscorides ensuing virtues. and roots thereof tion o f th j S) smce leaves write, That the every k y th at pi ay g w j t h taken in drink, help those that have a crick j a no t mistake another tree w in pO p.g un in their neck; whereby they cannot turn i nstea d o f Elder: I shall therefore in this their neck but their whole body must turn j place omy describe the Dwarf-Elder, also (sure they do not mean those that have called a j so D ea d-wort, and Wall-wort, under got a crick in their neck by being THE DWARF-ELDER. Galen saith, that j the hangman's hand.) the root and leaves hereof are of a healing is but an herb every Descript.~] THIS as have such for and persons stalks to the ground, good quality, year, dying with his some their bodies drawn together by spasm " afresh V^YV^IJT and dllU rising .,, i'ii .1 Spring, and is like every >^.iJ.^, llQlllg 0.11^011 or convulsion, as it is with children that unto the Elder both in form an(i quality, have the rickets. stalk, a with hairy rough, square, rising up ;

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THEY

known

one that plants them in their gardens, they need no description if not, let them look down are so well

;

to every

|

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The four feet high, or more sometimes. narrower than somewhat are leaves winged The flowers the Elder, but else like them. are white with a dash of purple, standing in umbels, very like the Elder also, but more

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

68

which come small! of blackish juice while they are liesh, wherein is small hard kernels, or seed. The root doth creep unerd the upper crust of the ground, springing in divers places, being of the bigness of one's finger or thumb sometimes. P/ce.] The Elder tree grows in hedges, I being planted there to strengthen the fences and partitions of ground, and to hold the

the eyes, assuages them; the iuice of the leaves snuffed up into the nostrils, purges the tunicles of the brain ; the juice of the berries boiled with honey and dropped into the ears, helps the pains of them ; the decoction of the berries in wine, being drank, provokes urine the distilled water of the flowers is of much use to clean the skin from sun-burning, freckles, morphew, or the like; and takes away the head-ache, water-courses. and banks by ditches coming of a cold cause, the head being The Dwarf Elder grows wild in many; bathed therewith. The leaves or flowers places of England, where being once gotten distilled in the month of May, and the legs into a ground, it is not easily gotten forth often washed with the said distilled water, lit takes away the ulcers and sores of them, again. of the flower The eyes washed therewith, it takes away Most Elder Trees, Time.'] and is for the in June, their fruit mosU the redness and bloodshot and the hands ripe But the Dwarf Elder, or j washed morning and evening therewith, part in August. flowers somewhat later, and his helps the palsy, and shaking of them, Wall-wort,

sweet in scent;

after

berries, full

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The Dwarf Elder is more powerful than not ripe until September. | Government and virtues^] Both Elder and j the common Elder in opening and purging Dwarf Tree are under the dominion ofjcholer, phlegm, and water; in helping the Venus. The first shoots of the common j gout, piles, and women's diseases, colours Elder boiled like Asparagus, and the young the hair black, helps the inflammations of leaves and stalks boiled in fat broth, doth the eyes, and pains in the ears, the biting ol fruit is

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mightily carry forth phlegm and choler. serpents, or mad dogs, burnings and scaldThe middle or inward bark boiled in water, ings, the wind cholic, cholic, and stone, the and given in drink, works much more \ difficulty of urine, the cure of old sores and violently ; and the berries, either green or fistulous ulcers. Either leaves or bark of dry, expel the same humour, and are often Elder, stripped upwards as you gather it, given with good success to help the dropsy;! causes vomiting. Also, Dr. Butler, in a the bark of the root boiled in wine, or the manuscript of his, commends Dwarf Elder juice thereof drank, works the same effects, to the sky for dropsies, viz. to drink it, but more powerfully than either the leaves being boiled in white wine ; to drink the or fruit. The juice of the root taken, doth decoction I mean, not the Elder, the " * mightily procure vomitings, and purges <Ji. IHJ5 JEJjJB 1 t rrn 1 Ihe humours of the de-j watery dropsy. THIS tree is so well known, growing coction of the root taken, cures the biting \ of an adder, and biting of mad dogs. It generally in all counties of this land, that it mollifies the hardness of the mother, if is needless to describe it. Government and virtues.'] It is a cold and women sit thereon, and opens their veins, and brings down their courses The berries saturnine plant. The leaves thereof bruised boiled in wine perform the same effect;! and applied, heal green wounds, being and the hair of the head washed therewith 5 bound thereon with its own bark. The is made black. The juice of the green ! leaves or the bark used with vinegar, cures The leaves applied to the hot inflammations of I scurf and leprosy very effectually \ $

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AiSD ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

69

decoction of the leaves, hark, or root, being cools the heat and sharpness of the urine, The bathed, heals broken bones. The water land excoriation in the urinary parts. that is found in the bladders on the leaves, seeds are of the same property, or rather |

while it is fresh, is very effectual to cleanse j more powerful, and besides are available foi the skin, and make it fair; and if cloaths be fainting, swoonings, and passions of the often wet therein, and applied to the rup- heart. Outwardly applied, they serve to tures of children, it heals them, if they be \ temper the sharp humours of fretting ulcers, The said hot tumours, swellings, and pestilential well bound up with a truss. j

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water put into a glass, and set into the ground, or else in dung for twenty-five days, the mouth thereof being close stopped, and the bottom set upon a layer of ordinary salt, that the fbeces may settle and water become clear, is a singular and sovereign \ balm for green wounds, being used with soft tents: The decoction of the bark ofi the root, fomented, mollifies hard tumours, and the shrinking of the sinews. The roots of the Elm, boiled for a long time in water, j

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sores; and wonderfully help not only the redness and inflammations of the eyes, but the dimness .of the sight also ; they are also used to allay the pains of the gout. You

cannot use it amiss ; a syrup of cooling medicine for fevers,

it is

a fine

5

ELECAMPANE.

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the fat arising on the top thereof, being clean skimmed off, and the place anointed

and

therewith that

is

fallen

will

away,

The

grown

bald,

quickly

and the hair restore them

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said bark

IT shoots forth many large and broad, lying near the long at both small ends, somewhat soft ground, in handling, of a whitish green on the upper side, and grey underneath, each set upon a short footstalk, from among which rise up divers great and strong hairy stalks, three or four feet high, with some leaves thereupon, compassing them about at the lower end, and are branched towards the tops, bearing divers great and large flowers, like Descript.~\

leaves,

ground with brine; again. or pickle, until it come to the form of a poultice, and laid an the place pained with the gout, gives great ease. The decoction of the bark in water, is excellent to bathe such places as have been burnt with those of the corn marigold, both the border of leaves, and the middle thrum being yelfire. low, which turn into down, with long, small, |

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brownish seeds amongst it, and is carried COMMON garden Endive! away with the wind. The root is great DescriptJ] bears a longer and larger leaf than Succory, |and thick, branched forth divers ways, and abides but one year, quickly running blackish on the outside and whitish within, up to a stalk and seed, and then perishes !of a very bitter taste, and strong, but good it has blue flowers, and the seed of the; scent, especially when they are dried, no Endive is so like Succory seed, ordinary part else of the plant having any smell, that it is hard to distinguish them. It grows on moist grounds and PlaceJ] Government and virtues.'] It is a fine shadowy places oftener than in the dry and j |

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The de- t open borders of the fields and lanes, and in cooling, cleansing, jovial plant. coction of the leaves, or the juice, or the \ other waste places, almost in every county distilled water of Endive, serve well to cool j of this land.

the excessive heat of the liver and stomach, > It flowers in the end of June and Time.~] and in the hot fits of agues, and all others July, and the seed is ripe in August. The inflammations in any part of the body ; it roots are gathered for use, as well in the ;

70

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

Spring before the leaves come forth, as in j Autumn or Winter. I Government and virtues^} It is a plant! under the dominion of Mercury. The fresh { roots of Elecampane preserved with sugar, or made into a syrup or conserve, are very effectual to warm a cold windy stomach,

from any therein,

morphew, spots, or blemishes and make it clear

EEINGO, OB SEA-HOLLY.

THE

first leaves of our ordiare nary Sea-Holly, nothing so hard and as when prickly they grow old, being almost or the pricking therein, and stitches in the round, and deeply dented about the edges, sides caused by the spleen ; and to help the hard and sharp pointed, and a little crumpled, | cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing in i of a bluish green colour, every one upon >*--*.the lungs. The dried root made into pow- a long foot stalk ; but those that grow u| der, and mixed with sugar, and taken, serves higher with the stalk, do as it were compass to the same purpose, and is also profitable it about. The stalk itself is round and their urine or for those who have stopped, strong, yet somewhat crested, with joints the stopping of women's courses, the pains and leaves set thereat, but more divided, of the mother, and the stone in the reins, sharp, and prickly ; and branches rising kidneys, or bladder ; it resists poison, and from thence, which have likewise other stays the spreading of the venom of ser- small branches, each of ihem having several }

DescriptJ]

,

pents, as also putrid and pestilential fevers, and the plague itself. Trie roots and herbs beaten and pat into new ale or beer, and

1

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round prickly heads, with many small jagged prickly leaves under them, standing like a star, and sometimes found bluish

greenish or whitish The root grows wonderfully long, even to eight or ten feet in length, set with rings and circles toward the upper part, cut smooth and without joints down lower, brownish on the outside, and very white within, with a pith in the middle; of a pleasant tasle, but much more, being to keep them from putrefaction and being artificially preserved, and candied with drank is good for those that spit blood, sugar. It is found about the sea coast helps to remove cramps or convulsions, Place.] in almost every county of this land which gout, sciatica, pains in the joints, applied outwardly or inwardly, and is also good for borders upon the sea. those that are bursten, or have any inward It flowers in the end of SumTime.'] bruise. The root boiled well in vinegar mer, and gives ripe seed within a month

daily diank, clears, strengthens, and quickens the sight of the eyes wonderfully. The decoction of the roots in wine, or the juice taken therein, kills and drives forth all manner of worms in the belly, stomach, and maw; and gargled in the mouth, or the root chewed, fastens loose teeth, and helps

:

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beaten afterward, and made into an oint- after. ment with hog's suet, or oil of trotters, is an Government and virtues.'] The plant is excellent remedy for scabs or itch in young venereal, and breeds seed exceedingly, and it is hot or old ; the places also bathed or washed strengthens the spirit procreative with the decoction doth the same ; it also and moist, and under the celestial Balancej helps al) sorts of filthy old putrid sores or \ The decoction of the root hereof in wine, cankers whatsoever. In the roots of this is very effectual to open obstructions of the herb lieth the chief effect for the remedies spleen and liver, and helps yellow jaunj aforesaid. The distilled water of the leaves j dice, dropsy, pains of the loins, and wind and roots together, is very profitable tojcholic, provokes urine, and expels the cleanse the skin of the face, or other parts, { stone, procures women's courses. The con;

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AND ENGLISH PU\SICIAN ENLARGED.

71

Government and virtues.} It is under tho sign of the Lion, and Sol claims dominion If the herb v/as but as much used over it.

tinned use of the decoction for fifteen clays, and next to bedward, doth taken fasting,

and stophelp the stranguary, the difficulty as all as it is neglected, it would half well as the and of stone, urine, spoil the page and if maker's trade and and a reins man the would of defects kidneys spectacle it is said that reason should leach the said drink be continued longer, think, people to that it cures the stone; it is found good prefer the preservation of their natural The roots bruised before artificial spectacles ; which that they against the French pox. and applied outwardly, help the kernels of may be instructed how to do, take the virthe throat, commonly called the king's evil; tues of Eyebright as follows. The juice or distilled water of Eyebright, or taken inwardly, and applied to the place heal it taken inwardly in white wine or broth, or stung or bitten by any serpent, and dropped into the eyes for divers days be roots the If bruised, speedily. or salted boiled in old hog's grease, lard, together, helps all infirmities of the eyes and broken bones, thorns, &c. remaining that cause dimness of sight. Some make in the flesh, they do not only draw them conserve of the flowers to the same effect. forth, but heal up the place again, gathering Being used any of the ways, it also helps new flesh where it was consumed. The a weak brain, or memory. This tunned up iuice of the leaves dropped into the ear, with strong beer, that it may work together, distilled and drank, or the powder of the dried herb helps imposthurnes therein. The water of the whole herb, when the leaves mixed with sugar, a little Mace, and Fennel and stalks are young, is profitably drank seed, and drank, or eaten in broth or the and helps said powder made into an electuary with for all the purposes aforesaid the melancholy of the heart, and is avail- sugar, and taken, has the same powerful able in quartan and quotidian agues; as effect to help and restore the sight, decayed and Arnoldus de Villa Nova also for them that have their necks drawn through age turnhath restored sight to them that saith, it awry, and cannot turn them without been blind their whole have a long time before. body. ing ;

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EYEBR1GHT.

FERN.

COMMON

OF this there are two kinds Eyebright is a DescriptJ] small low herb, rising up usually but with principally to be treated of, viz. the Male one blackish green stalk a span high, or and Female. The Female grows higher not much more, spread from the bottom than the Male, but the leaves thereof are into sundry branches, whereon are small smaller, and more divided and dented, and and almost round yet pointed dark green of as strong a smell as the male ; the virleaves, finely snipped about the edges, two tue of them are both alike, and therefore Descript,"]

At the always set together, and very thick with the from the middle leaves, upjoints ward, come forth small white flowers, marked with purple and yellow spots, or

not trouble you with any description or distinction of them. They grow both in heaths and Placed] in shady places near the hedge-sides in all counties of this land. I shall

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after which follow small round with heads, very small seed therein. The root is long, small and thready at the end.

stripes;

It grows in Place.~] in this land. places

They flower and give their seed Midsummer. The Female Fern is that plant which is

TimeJ] at

meadows, and grassy *

in Sussex, called Brakes, the seed of which

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

72

some authors hold to be so rare: Such a pith in the middle, which is called the heart and may be easily thereof. thing there is I know, It grows on moors, nad upon Midsummer Eve, and for ought Placed] bogs, and I know, two or three days after it, if not watery places, in many parts of this land, It is green all the summer, and more. Time.'] j

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Government and virtues."] It is under the dominion of Mercury, both Male and Female. The roots of both these sorts of Fern being bruised and boiled in Mead, or honeyed water, and drank, kills both the broad and long worms in the body, and abates the swelling and hardness of the

The green

leaves eaten, purge the and waterish humours

spleen. belly of choleric that trouble the stomach.

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the root only abides in winter,

Government and virtues.'] Saturn owns the plant. This has all the virtues mentioned in the former Ferns, and is much more effectual than they, both for inward and outward griefs, and is accounted sin-

gularly good in wounds, bruises, or the like, to be drank, or boiled into an ointment of oil, as a balsam or balm, and so it is singularly good against bruises, and bones broken, or out of joint, and gives much ease to the cholic and splenetic diseases as also for ruptures or burstings, j The decoction of the root in white wine, provokes urine exceedingly, and cleanses j I

The decoction

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They are danwith child to meddle gerous The with, by reason they cause abortions. roots bruised and boiled in oil, or hog's ointment to grease, make a very profitable in the flesh. or heal wounds, pricks gotten in foul The powder of them used ulcers, the bladder and passages of urine, dries up their malignant moisture, and V. FEVERFEW, OR FEATHERFEW. T 1? lern k causes their speedier healing, being COMMON Featherfew has burned, the smoke thereof drives away! Descript.~\ noisome crea- \ large, fresh, green leaves, much torn or cut other and serpents, gnats, which in fenny countries do, in the on the edges. The stalks are hard and Cures, * IT 11" 1 1_ 1 l_ such like leaves, but night time, trouble and molest people lying round, set with many in their beds with their faces uncovered ; it smaller, and at the tops stand many single causes barrenness. {flowers, upon small foot stalks, consisting of many small white leaves standing round OSMOND ROYAL, OR WATER FERN, jiabouta yellow thrum in the middle. The root is somewhat hard and short, with many THIS shoots forth in spring j strong fibres about it. The scent of the Descript.~] time (for in the Winter the leaves perish) whole plant is very strong, and the taste is divers rough hard stalks, half round, and very bitter. This grows wild in many places Place.'] yellowish, or flat on the other side, two feet divers branches of winged yel- ! of the land, but is for the most part nourishfor

j

women

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high, having lowish green leaves

on

all

sides,

set

one |ed

in gardens. It flowers in the Time.~\

months of June and not against another, longer, narrower, j nicked on the edges as the former. From and July. Venus comGovernment and virtues.'] the top of some of these stalks grow forth it to has and commended this mands a long bush of small and more yellow, herb, her sisters (women) and to be a green, scaly aglets, set in the same manner j succour on the stalks as the leaves are, which are | general strengthener of their wombs, and accounted the flowers and seeds. The root | remedy such infirmities as a careless midwith a white 5 wife hath there caused if they will but be is rough, thick and scabby :

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. use of her herb boiled in pleased to make white wine, and drink the decoction it cleanses the womb, expels the after-birth, and doth a woman all the good she can

plied warm outwardly to the places, helps the wind and cholic in the lower part of

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an herb. And if any grumble because they cannot get the herb winter, desire of

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the belly.

It

is

an especial remedy against

opium taken too liberally,

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,

may make

73

;

EVERY

garden affords this so plentineeds no description. | Government and virtues."] One good old j fashion is not yet left off, viz. to boil Fennel for it consumes that phlegmatic with fish humour, which fish most plentifully afford 1 and annoy the body with, though few that drank often in and use it know wherefore they do it; I suppose meg or Mace put therein, a day, is an approved remedy to bring! the reason of its benefit this way is, because down women's courses speedily, and helps it is an herb of Mercury, and under Virgo, to expel the dead birth and after-birth. and therefore bears antipathy to Pisces. For a woman to sit over the hot fumes of Fennel is good to break wind, to provoke * the decoction of the herb made in water or urine, and ease the pains of the stone, and The leaves or seed, wine, is effectual for the same; and in some helps to break it. and drank are good water in herb warm the to boiled boiled the to cases barley apply j their increase to milk, and make privy parts. The decoction thereof made, \ for nurses, The with some sugar, or honey put thereto, is it more wholesome for the child. used by many with good success to help leaves, or rather the seeds, boiled in water, the cough and stuffing of the chest, by stays the hiccough, and takes away the colds, as also to cleanse the reins and loathings Avhich oftentimes happen to the bladder, and helps to expel the stone in stomachs of sick and feverish persons, and them. The powder of the herb taken in allays the heat thereof. The seed boiled in wine, with some Oxymel, purges both cho- wine and drank, is good for those that are ler and phlegm, and is available for those bitten with serpents, or have eaten poisonThe seed, and that are short winded, and are troubled with ous herbs, or mushrooms. to much or and of the roots sadness more, melancholy heaviness, open obstruchelp

them, a syrup of tell

if

they please, they

summer

chiefly used it be whether the of disease for the mother, of the the strangling or rising mother, or hardness, or inflammation of the same, Or a decocapplied outwardly thereunto. with a little Nutin flowers the tion of wine, it

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it is

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pains in j tions of the liver, spleen, and gall, and the head coming of a cold cause, the herb ! thereby help the painful and windy swelbeing bruised and applied to the crown of i lings of the spleen, and the yellow jaundice; The seed is the head : As also for the vertigo, that is a as also the gout and cramps. j to medicines in of use in the The or head. | help shortness good junning swimming decoction thereof drank warm, and the of breath and wheezing by stopping of the It helps also to bring down the herb bruised with a few corns of Bay salt, > lungs. and applied to *he wrists before the coming | courses, and to cleanse the parts after of the ague fits, doth take them away. The \ delivery. The roots are of most use in distilled water takes away freckles, and physic drinks, and broth that are taken to j other spots and deformities in the face. cleanse the blood, to open obstructions of spirits.

It is very effectual for all

;

so provoke urine, and amend the in the face after sickness, and to a good habit through the body.

The herb bruised and heated on a tile, with the liver, some wine to moisten it, or fried with a Jill colour \

little

wine and

oil in

a frying-pan, and ap-

cause

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

74

leaves, seeds, and roots thereof are in drink or broth, to make peoThe dispie more lean that are too fat.

Both

much used

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little Euphorbium put to the nose, helps those that are troubled with the lethargy, frenzy, giddiness of the head, the

falling

water of the whole herb, or the con- sickness, long and inveterate head-aches, densate juice dissolved, but especially the the palsy, sciatica, and the cramp, and natural juice, that in some counties issues generally all the diseases of the sinews, used out hereof of its own accord, dropped into; with oil and vinegar. The juice dissolved the eyes, cleanses them from mists and in wine, or put into an egg, is good for a The sweet cough, or shortness of breath, and for those films that hinder the sight. Fennel is much weaker in physical uses; that are troubled with wind in the body. than the common Fennel. The wild Fen- It purges the belly gently, expels the hardnel is stronger and hotter than the tame, \ ness of the spleen, gives ease to women tilled

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and therefore most powerful against the!

that have sore travail in child-birth, and so effectual to but not encrease stone, milk, | eases the pains of the reins and bladder, and also the womb. A little of the juice because of its dryness. 1

the common name in English, and the Latin name PeuciFennel, Hog's is called danum, Hoar-strange, and Hoarstrong, Sulphur-wort, and Brimstone-wort,

BESIDES

The common

nd >, dropped into the eases much or the ears, pains in them, and put into a hollow tooth, eases the pain thereof. The root is less effectual to all the aforesaid disorders ; yet the powder of dissolved in

SOW-FENNEL, OR Hocs-FENNEL.

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the root cleanses foul ulcers, being put into

Sow-Fennel them, and takes out splinters of broken Descript.] has divers branched stalks of thick and bones, or other things in the flesh, and somewhat long leaves, three for the most heals them up perfectly: as also, dries up part joined together at a place, among old and inveterate running sores, and is of which arises a crested straight stalk, less admirable virtue in all green wounds, than Fennel, with some joints thereon, and leaves growing thereat, and towards thej FIG-WORT, OR THROAT-WORT. some branches from thence tops issuing likewise on the tops of the stalks and? Descript.~] COMMON great Fig-wort sends branches stand divers tufts of yellow flowers, divers great, strong, hard, square brown whereafter grows somewhat flat, thin, and stalks, three or four feet high, whereon grow yellowish seed, bigger than Fennel seed. Uarge, hard, and dark green leaves, two at The roots grow great and deep, with many a joint, harder and larger than Nettle at the tops of the other parts and fibres about them of a leaves, but not stinking strong scent like hot brimstone, and yield stalks stand many purple flowers set in forth a yellowish milk, or clammy juice, husks, which are sometimes gaping and almost like a gum. somewhat like those of Water Betony | open, It grows plentifully in the salt after which come hard round heads, with Place.'] low marshes near Feversham in Kent. a small point in the middle, wherein lie It flowers in small brownish seed. The root is great, and plentifully July Time.'] j white, and thick, with many branches at it, August. | Government and virtues^] This is also an \ growing aslope under the upper crust of herb of Mercury. The juice of Sow-Fennel the ground, which abides many years, but (saith Dioscorides, and Galen,) used with keeps not his green leaves in Winter, It grows frequently in moist vinegar and rose water, or the juice with a f Place.'] |

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Foxglove

Fie a wort

Fennel

flower de -lu c -

e

Figwort

Fnm.it ory

F]

axwee d

Feverfew

LATE

8.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. and shadowy woods, and in the lower parts of the fields and meadows. It tiowers about July, and the Time.'] seed will be ripe about a month after the

\

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Some

75

together in a pith or umbie, each upon a small foot stalk, which after they have been blown upon a good while, do fall away,

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and

in their places appear small-, round, chaffy heads like buttons, wherein are the

seeds set and placed. The root authors call it Cervicaria. because it is ap- \ consists of many small, black, tuberous fastened together by many small, propriated to the neck and we Throat- pieces, the blackish to it is because wort, strings, which run from one Hong, appropriated the to another. and the owns Venus throat. herb, \ Celestial Bull will not deny it; therefore Place] It grows in many places of this a better remedy cannot be for the king's land, in the corners of dry fieMs and meaevil, because the Moon that rules the dis- dows, and the hedge sides. ease is exalted there. The decoction of the | Time.] They flower in June and July, herb taken inwardly, and the bruised herb and their seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues.] It is under the applied outwardly, dissolves clotted and the within blood body, coming {dominion of Venus. It effectually opens congealed by any wounds, bruise, or fall ; and is no the passages of the urine, helps the stranless effectual for the king's evil, or any guary ; the stone in the kidneys or bladder, other knobs, kernels, bunches, or wens j the gravel, and all other pains of the bladin powgrowing in the flesh wheresoever and for I der and reins, by taking the roots or of them in white An ointment! der, a decoction the haemorrhoids, or piles. wine, made hereof may be used at all times when j with a little honey. The roots made into the fresh herb is not to be had. The dis- \ powder, and mixed with honey in the form tilled water of the whole plant, roots and of an electuary, doth much help them all, is used for the same purposes, and dries whose stomachs are swollen, dissolving and up the superfluous, virulent moisture of breaking the Avind which was the cause hollow and corroding ulcers it takes away thereof; and is also very effectual for all all redness, spots, and freckles in the face, the diseases of the lungs, as shortness of as also the scurf, and any foul deformity breath, wheezing, hoarseness of the throat, and the cough ; and to expectorate tough therein, and the leprosy likewise. phlegm, or any other parts thereabout.

Government and

virtues.]

Latin

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chaffy

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FILIPENDULA, OR DROP-WORT.

THE FIG-TREE. Descript]

some

larger,

THIS sends forth many leaves, some smaller, set on each side

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To give a description of known to every body that

a tree so well

of a middle rib, and each of them dented keeps it in his about the edges, somewhat resembling wild garden, were needless. They prosper very Tansy, or rather Agrimony, but harder in well in our English gardens, yet are fitter handling; among which rise up one or | for medicine than for any other profit more stalks, two or three feet high, with the 1 which is gotten by the fruit of them, The tree is leaves growing thereon, and sometimes also Government and virtues.] The milk divided into other branches spreading at the under the dominion of Jupiter. or branches leaves the into from out top many white, sweet-smelling flowers, that issues consisting of five leaves a-piece, with some where they are broken off, being dropped The dethreads in the middle of them, standing upon warts, takes them away. ;

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

76

eoction of the leveas is excellently good to cover their bottoms but instead of the wash sore heads with and there is scarcely three upright leaves, as the Flower-de-luce a better remedy for the leprosy than it is. has, this has only three short pieces It clears the face also of morphew, and the i standing in their places, after which succeed body of white rcurf, scabs, and running thick and long three square heads, conIf it be dropped into old fretting taining in each part somewhat big and flat sores. ulcers, it cleanses out the moisture, and seed, like those of the Flower-de-luce. The brings up the flesh; because you cannot root is long and slender, of a pale brownish have the leaves green all the year, you may colour on the outside, and of a horseflesh make an ointment of them whilst you can. colour on the inside, with many hard fibres A decoction of the leaves being drank in- thereat, and very harsh in taste, s

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wardly, or rather a syrup

made

of them,

dissolves congealed blood caused by bruises or falls, and helps the bloody flux. The

ashes of the

wood made

into an ointment

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It usually grows in watery PlaceJ] ditches, ponds, lakes, and moor sides, which are always overflowed with water, Time.~\

It flowers in July,

and the seed

with hog's grease, helps kibes and chilblains. is ripe in August. The juice being put into an hollow tooth, Government and 'virtues.'] It is under the and in the eases pain; as also pain noise dominion of the Moon. The root of this j ears, being dropped into them; and deaf- Water-flag is very astringent, cooling, and An ointment made of the juice and drying ; and thereby helps all lasks and ness. hog's grease, is an excellent remedy for the! fluxes, whether of blood or humours, as j

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biting of mad dogs, or other venomous beasts, as most are. syrup made of the leaves, or green fruit, is excellently good for coughs, hoarseness, or shortness of breath,

A

and is

all

also

falling

j ;

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bleeding at the mouth, nose, or other parts, bloody flux, and the immoderate flux of women's courses. The distilled water of the whole herb, flowers and roots, is a

and lungs it sovereign good remedy for watering eyes, extremely good for the dropsy and (both to be dropped into them, and to have sickness. They say that the Fig cloths or sponges wetted therein, and apdiseases of the breast

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well as the Bay Tree, is never [plied to the forehead: It also helps the Tree, hurt by lightning as also, if you tie a bull, spots and blemishes that happen in and j be he ever so mad, to a Fig Tree, he will about the eyes, or in any other parts : The quickly become tame and gentle. As for? said water fomented on swellings and hot such figs as come from beyond sea, I * inflammations of women's breasts, upon have little to say, because I write not of cancers also, and those spreading ulcers as

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exoticks.

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THE YELLOW WATER-FLAG, OR FLOWERDE-LUCE. Descnpt.]

THIS grows

like the

It tangere, do much good of man helps also foul ulcers in the privities

called Noli

me

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or woman but an ointment made of the flowers is better for those external applica-

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lions.

5

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Flower-*

FLAX-WEED, OR TOAD-FLAX. longer andnar-> rower sad green leaves, joined together in j OUR common Flax-weed that fashion ; the stalk also growing oftenDescript.~] times as high, bearing small yellow flowers has divers stalks full fraught with long and the shaped like the Flower-de-luce, with three I narrow ash-coloured leaves, and from stored with falling leaves, and other three arched that j middle of them almost upward, de-luce, but

it

has

much

1

}

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. a number of pale yellow flowers, of a strong or spots, applied of of Lupines, unpleasant scent, with deeper yellow mouths, powder |

and blackish flat seed in round heads. root is somewhat woody and white, main downright one, with especially the

itself,

77 or used with

some

FLEA-WORT.

The

ORDINARY Flea- wort rises with a stalk two feet high or more, full many fibres, abiding many years, shooting up forth roots every way round about, and of joints and branches on every side up to the top, and at every joint two small, new branches every year. long, this land, \ and narrow whitish green leaves somewhat P/oce.] This grows throughout both by the way sides and in meadows, as j hairy ; At the top of every branch stand also by hedge-sides, and upon the sides of? divers small, short scaly, or chaffy heads out of which come forth small whitish | banks, and borders of fields. \ in and the It flowers Summer, yellow threads, like to those of the PlanTime.'] seed is ripe usually before the end of *I tain herbs, which are the bloomings of flowers. The seed inclosed in these heads August. is small and Mars owns the virtues. and rovernment shining while it is fresh, very unto like fleas both for colour and bigness, herb In Sussex we call it Gall wort, and lay it in our chicken's water to cure them of; but turning black when it grows old. The root is not long, but white, hard and woody. it relieves them when they are the ; Descript.~]

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gall

This is frequently used to spend the abundance of those watery humours by urine, which cause the dropsy. The decoction of the herb, both leaves and flowers, in wine, taken and drank, doth somewhat drooping.

| t

perishing every year, and rising again of own seed for divers years, if it be suffered

its

shed : The whole plant is somewhat whitish and hairy, smelling somewhat like

to \

rosin.

move

There is another sort hereof, differing not the belly downwards, opens obstrucliver, and helps the yellow from the former in the manner of growing, jaundice ; expels poison, provokes women's but only that the stalk and branches being courses, drives forth the dead child, and somewhat greater, do a little more bow The distilled water of the herb * down to the ground : The leaves are someafter-birth. and flowers is effectual for all the same pur- \ what greater, the heads somewhat less, the poses; being drank with a dram of the j seed alike; and the root and leaves abide powder of the seeds of bark or the roots of \ all winter, and perish not as the former. The first grows only in gardens, Wall-wort, and a little Cinnamon, for certain i Place.'] the seccond it a is held days together, plentifully in fields that are near singular remedy for the dropsy. The juice of the herb, or the sea. the distilled water, dropped into the eyes, They flower in July, or thereTime.'] is a certain abouts' all inflamrnafor heat, remedy The herb is Government and virtues."] The juice or tion, and redness in them. water put into foul ulcers, whether they be cold, and dry, and saturnine. I suppose tions

of the

;

j

cancerous

or fistulous, with tents rolled therein, or parts washed and injected there-

obtained the name of Flea-wort, because The seeds fried, the seeds are so like Fleas, and taken, stays the flux or lask of the belly, and the corrosions that come by rea-

it

them thoroughly from the and The heals them up safely. bottom, same juice or water also cleanses the skin son of hot choleric, or sharp and malignant wonderfully of all sorts of deformity, as humours, or by too much purging of any leprosy, morphew, scurf, wheals, pimples, violent medicine, as Scammony, or the

with, cleanses

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

78

The mucilage of the seed made with

There is another sort, differing in nothing, Rose-water, and a little sugar-candy put save only it has somewhat broad leaves thereto, is very good in all hot agues and they have a strong evil savour, being burning fevers, and other inflammations, to smelled unto, and are of a drying taste. cool the thirst, and lenity the dryness and They flower wild in the fields Placed] and throat. It of the by hedge-sides and highways, and among tongue roughness and dishoarseness of the also rubbish and other places. vt>ice, helps eases of the breast and lungs, caused by They flower and seed quickly Time."] heat, or sharp salt humours, and the pleu- after, namely in June and July. The mucilage of the seed made Government and virtues.'] This herb is risy also. with Plantain water, whereunto the yolk of saturnine also. Both the herb and seed of an egg or two, and a little Populeon are Flux-weed is of excellent use to stay the flux put, is a most safe and sure remedy to ease! or lask of the belly, being drank in water the sharpness, pricking, and pains of the! wherein gads of steel heated have been haemorrhoids or piles, if it be laid on a! often quenched; and is no less effectual It helps all in-i for the same cloth, and bound thereto. purpose than Plantain or Comrlammations in any part of the body, and \ frey, and to restrain any other flux of blood the pains that come thereby, as the head- in man or woman, as also to consolidate ache and megrims, and all hot imposthumes, bones broken or out of joint. The juice out of the skin, as thereof drank in wine, or the decoction of swellings, or breaking blains, wheals, pushes, purples, and the the herb drank, doth kill the worms in the as also the joints of those that are out stomach or belly, or the worms that gro\v like of joint, the pains of the gout and sciatica, in putrid and filthy ulcers and made into the burstings of young children, and the a salve doth quickly heal all old sores, how like.

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The swellings of the navel, applied with oil of foul or malignant soever they be. It is also good to heal distilled water of the herb works the same roses and vinegar. the nipples and sore breasts of women, effects, although somewhat weaker, yet it being often applied thereunto. The juice is a fair medicine, and more acceptable to of the herb with a little honey put into the be taken. It is called Flux-weed because ears helps the running of them, and the it cures the flux, and for its uniting broken worms breeding in them The same also bones, &c. Paracelsus extols it to the mixed with hog's grease, and applied to cor- skies. It is fitting that syrup, ointment, rupt and filthy ulcers, cleanses them and and plaisters of it were kept in your houses. heals them. :

FLOWER-DE-LUCE.

FLUX-WEED.

IT

is so well known, being nourished up shall not need to most that I Descript^] gardens, right hard stalk, four or five feet high, spend time in Avriting a description thereof. The flaggy kinds thereof have spread into sundry branches, whereon grow Time.'] the cut most many greyish green leaves, very finely physical uses the dwarf kinds of short and thereof flower in April, the greater sorts in and severed into a number almost round parts. The flowers are very May. small and yellow, growing spike fashion, Government and virtues^] The herb is with after which come small long pods, Lunar. The juice or decoction of the green small yellowish seed in them. The root is root of the flaggy kind of Flower-de-luce, with a little honey drank, doth purge and long and woody, perishing every year.

IT

rises

up with a round up-

in

;

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

79

the stomach of gross and tough also the pains and noise in the ears, and j phlegm, and choler therein ; it helps the I the stench of the nostrils. The root itself, jaundice and the dropsy, evacuating those! either green or in powder, helps to cleanse,

cleanse

humours both upwards and downwards ;j heal, and incarnate wounds, and lo cover and because it somewhat hurts the stomach, the naked bones with flesh again, that is not lo be taken without honey and spike-? ulcers have made bare; and is also very nard. The same being drank, doth ease good to cleanse and heal up fistulas and the pains and torments of the belly and cankers that are hard to be cured, |

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the diseases of? sides, the shaking of agues, & : ,.., r ,, ,, the liver and spleen, the worms of the beily, ,,

FLUELLIN, OR LLUELLIN.

,

:

IT shoots forth many long stone in the reins, convulsions and Descript.~\ j that come of old it also branches humours; cramps partly lying upon the ground, j whose seed passes from them | and partly standing upright, set with alhelps those unawares It is a remedy against the ; most red leaves, yet a little pointed, and and bitings stingings of venomous crea- \ sometimes more long than round, without tures, being boiled in water and vinegar j order thereon, somewhat hairy, and of an and drank. Boiled in water and drank, it evil greenish white colour; at the joints all provokes urine, helps the cholic, brings | along the stalks, and with the leaves come down women's courses ; and made up into J forth small flowers, one at a place, upon the

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j

a pessary with honey, and put up into the \ a very small short foot-stalk, gaping somebody, draws forth the dead child. It is ] what like Snap-dragons, or rather like Toadmuch commended against the cough, to flax, with the upper jaw of a yellow colour, expectorate rough phlegm ; it much eases and the lower of a purplish, with a small heel or spur behind ; after which come forth pains in the head, and procures sleep being put into the nostrils it procures small round heads, containing small black The root is small and thready, dying sneezing, and thereby purges the head of seed. The of the root to phlegm. juice applied every year, and rises itself again of its the piles or hemorrhoids, gives much ease. own sowing. The decoction of the roots gargled in the | There is another sort of Lluellin which mouth, eases the tooth-ache, and helps the has longer branches wholly trailing upon ;

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Oil called Oleum Irinum, | the ground, two or three feet long, and if it be made of the great broad \ somewhat more thin, set with leaves thererightly The leaves are flag Flower-de-luce and not of the great j on, upon small foot stalks. bulbous blue Flower-de-luce, (as is used by a little larger, and somewhat round, and j some apothecaries) and roots of the same, of | cornered sometimes in some places on the the flaggy kinds, is very effectual to warm \ but the lower part of them being ;

stinking breath.

and comfort

all

edges cold joints and sinews, as \ the broadest,

also the gout and sciatica, and mollifies, dissolves and consumes tumours and swell-

i

ings in

any part of the body, as also of the matrix ; it helps the cramp, or convulsions mi i of the sinews. The head and temples anointed therewith, helps the catarrh or

/I

IT

rheum distilled from thence ; and used upon the breast or stomach, helps to extenuate the cold it tough phlegm helps

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thin

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point,

making

hath on each it

seem

side a

as if they

were

small ears,

sometimes hairy, but not hoary, and of a The better green colour than the former. flowers come forth like the former, but the colours therein are more white than yellow, and the purple not so far. It is a large flower,

and The

so are the seed and seed-vesroot is like the other, and

!

sels.

I

perishes every year.

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

80

grow in divers corn fields, and hanging downwards, having some about them, and in other threads also in the middle, from whence fertile grounds about Southfleet in Kent rise round heads, pointed sharp at the ends, abundantly at Buchrite, Hamerton, and wherein small brown seed lies. The roots Richmanworth in Huntingdonshire, and in are so many small fibres, and some greater divers other places. strings among them ; the flowers have no in are flower about June; scent, but the leaves have a bitter hot Time] They and July, and the whole plant is dry and taste. withered before August be done. It grows on dry sandy ground P/ace.] It Lunar is a Government and virtues.] \ for the most part, and as well on the higher The leaves bruised and applied with as the lower places under hedge-sides in herb. j barley meal to watering eyes that are hot almost every county of this land, and inflamed by defluxions from the head, Time] It seldom flowers before July, do very much help them, as also the fluxes and the seed is ripe in August. of blood or humours, as the lask, bloody The plant is Government and virtues.] and all manof under the dominion Venus, being of a flux, women's courses, stays ner of bleeding at the nose, mouth, or any gentle cleansing nature, and withal very other place, or that comes by any bruise friendly to nature. The herb is familiarly or hurt, or bursting a vein it wonderfully and frequently used by the Italians to heal helps all those inward parts that need con- any fresh or green wound, the leaves being

They Place.] in borders

1

and

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solidating or strengthening, and is no less but bruised and bound thereon; and the also used in old sores, to effectual both to heal and close green juice thereof is wounds, than to cleanse and heal all foul cleanse, dry, and heal them. The decocor old ulcers, fretting or spreading cankers tion hereof made up with some sugar or or the like. This herb is of a fine cooling, honey, is available to cleanse and purge drying quality, and an ointment or plaister the body both upwards and downwards, of it might do a man a courtesy that hath sometimes of tough phlegm and clammy any hot virulent sores : 'Tis admirable for humours, and to open obstructions of the

taken in- 1 liver and spleen. It has been found by experience to be available for the king's j;evil, the herb bruised and applied, or an FOX-GLOVE. ointment made with the juice thereof, and so used ; and a decoction of two handfuls IT has many long and broad } thereof, with four ounces of Polipody in Descript] leaves lying upon the ground dented upon \ ale, has been found by late experience to the edges, a little soft or woolly, and of a i cure divers of the falling sickness, that have hoary green colour, among which rise up i been troubled with it above twenty years, sometimes sundry stalks, but one very j I am confident that an ointment of it is often, bearing such leaves thereon from the \ one of the best remedies for a scabby head bottom to the middle, from whence to the that is. j top it is stored with large and long hollow reddish purple flowers, a little more long? and eminent at the lower edge, with some; Descript] OUR common Fumitory is a white spots within them, one above another tender sappy herb, sends forth from one with small green leaves at every one, but | square, a slender weak stalk, and leaning branches all of them turning their heads one way, downwards on all sides, many the ulcers of the French pox wardly, may cure the disease.

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TRY

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. two or three

feet long, with finely cut

and;

tilled

jagged leaves of a whitish or rather blueishi At the tops of the sea green colour branches stand many small flowers, as it were in a long spike one above another, made like little birds, of a reddish purple j colour, with whitish bellies, after which come small round husks, containing small ;

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water of the herb is also of good former diseases, and conduces

effect in the

much

against the plague

and

pestilence,

being taken with good treacle. The distilled water also, with a little water and honey of roses, helps all sores of the mouth or

throat,

being gargled often therewith,

The juice dropped into and small, sight and takes away

the eyes, clears the redness and other black seeds. The root is yellow, j while it is in of defects not very long, full them, although it procure some green, juice but quickly perishes with the ripe seed. In pain for the present, and cause tears, the corn fields in Cornwall, it bears white Dioscorides saith it hinders any fresh flowers. springing of hairs on the eye-lids (after they in fields corn almost It grows are pulled away) if the eye-lids be anointed Place.'] with the juice hereof, with Gum Arabic every where, as Avell as in gardens. for flowers in the most It dissolved therein. The juice of the FumiMay, Time.'] the seed after. and Docks and ripens shortly mingled with vinegar, and part, jtory Saturn owns the places gently washed therewith, cures Government and virtues.'] the herb, and presents it to the world as a^all sorts of scabs, pimples, blotches, wheals, cure for his own disease, and a strengthener and pushes which arise on the face or If by hands, or any other parts of the body. of the parts of the body he rules. my astrological judgment of diseases, from: the decumbiture, you find Saturn author of j THE FURZE BUSH, the disease, or if by direction from as IT is as well known by this name, as it is nativity you fear a saturnine disease ap- | proaching, you may by this herb prevent | in some counties by the name of Gorz or it in the one, and cure it in the other, and Whins, that I shall not need to write any therefore it is fit you keep a syrup of it description thereof, my intent being to j

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always by you. The juice or syrup made {teach my countrymen what they know not, thereof, or the decoction made in whey by J rather than to tell them again of that which

with some other purging or opening Us generally known before. herbs and roots to cause it to work the They are known to grow on dry Place.'] j better (itself being but weak) is very effec- 1 barren heaths, and olher waste, gravelly tual for the liver and spleen, opening the I or sandy grounds, in all counties of this itself,

obstructions

thereof,

blood from

saltish,

and

clarifying the choleric, and adust

land. Time.~\

They

also flower in the

humours, which cause leprosy, scabs, tet- months. Government and ters, and itches, and such like breakings-

virtues.']

Summer

Mars owns

the

out of the skin, and after the purgings doth ' herb. They are hot and dry, and open all inward It the is also * obstructions of the liver and A destrengthen parts. spleen. good against the yellow-jaundice, and | coction made with the flowers thereof hath spends it by urine, which it procures in! been found effectual against the jaundice, abundance. The powder of the dried herb as olso to provoke urine, and cleanse the j given for some lime together, cures melan-| kidneys from gravel or stone ingendered Mars doth also this by symcholy, but the seed is strongest in opera- in them. tion for all the former diseases. The dis- pathy. 1

*

THE COMPLETE HERBAL GARLICK.

1

THE

offensiveness of the breath of him that hath eaten Garlick, will lead you by the nose to the knowledge hereof, and (instead of a description) direct you to the

place where

I

j

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grows in gardens, which kinds are the best, and most physical.

GENTIAN, FELWORT, OR BALDMONY. IT is confessed that Gentian, which is most used amongst us, is brought over from beyond sea, yet we have two sorts of it growing frequently in our nation, which, besides the reasons so frequently alledged

why

English herbs should be fittest for English bodies, has been proved by the Government and virtues.] Mars owns this experience of divers physicians, to be not herb. This was anciently accounted the a whit inferior in virtue to that which poor man's treacle, it being a remedy for comes from beyond sea, therefore be pleased all diseases and hurts (except those which- to take the description of them as follows, it

1

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provokes urine, and women's courses, helps the biting of mad dogs and

itself breed.) It

1

The greater of the two hath small many long roots thrust down deep into the ground, and abiding all the Winter, The stalks are sometimes more, sometimes fewer, of a brownish green colour, which Descript.~\

other venomous creatures, kills worms in \ children, cuts and voids tough phlegm, | purges the head, helps the lethargy, is a good preservative against, and a remedy is sometimes two feet high, if the ground for any plague, sore, or foul ulcers ; takes j be fruitful, having many long, narrow, dark and in blemishes the eases skin, green leaves, set by couples up to the top ; away spots in the the flowers are long and hollow, of a purple ears, ripens and breaks impospains And for all colour, ending in fine corners. The smaller thumes, or other swellings. those diseases the onions are as effectual, sort which is to be found in our land, But the Garlick hath some more peculiar grows up with sundry stalks, not a foot virtues besides the former, viz. it hath high, parted into several small branches, a special quality to discuss inconveniences whereon grow divers small leaves together, coming by corrupt agues or mineral vapours; very like those of the lesser Centaury, of a or by drinking corrupt and whitish green colour ; on the tops of these stinking waters; as also by taking wolf-bane, hen-bane, { stalks grow divers perfect blue flowers, hemlock, or other poisonous and danger- standing in long husks, but not so big as ous herbs. It is also held good in hydro- the other ; the root is very small, and full the pick diseases, jaundice, falling sickness, of threads. cramps, convulsions, the piles or hsemorrPlace.] The first grows in divers places hoids, or other cold diseases. Many authors j of both the East and "West counties, and as quote many diseases this is good for ; but well in wet as in dry grounds ; as near conceal its vices. Its heat is very vehement, Longfield, by Gravesend, near Cobham in and all vehement hot things send up but | Kent, near Lillinstone in Kent, also in a ill-favoured vapours to the brain. In cho- \ chalk pit hard by a paper-mill not far from leric men it will add fuel to the fire ; in Dartford in Kent. The second grows also | men oppressed by melancholy, it will j in divers places in Kent, as about Southattenuate the humour, and send up strong fleet, and Longfield ; upon Barton's hills in fancies, and as many strange visions to Bedfordshire ; also not far from St. Albans, the head ; therefore let it be taken inwardly \ upon a piece of waste chalky ground, as with great moderation ; outwardly you may j you go out by Dunstable way towards * make more bold with it. Gorhambury. 5

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PLATE

41 Br ^

Wall Hawkweed.

Gentian

Ha_rt's

ToxLgue

Golden .Rod

.

('Invr

Groundsel

THOMAS

KKJ.LY,

Mouse -ear Hawkweed

.

.

LONDON.

Galingal

.

Germander

.

9.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. They flower in August. temperate, that no excess, neither in heat, Time.'] Government and virtues.] They are under cold, dryness, nor moisture, can be perthe dominion of Mars, and one of the ceived in them they are great strengthened is ruler of. They resist both of the brain and heart, and will thereprincipal herbs he and a more sure fore serve either for cordials or putrefactions, poison, cephalics, to prevent the pes- as your occasion will serve. found be cannot There is both remedy tilence than it is; it strengthens the stomach a syrup and a conserve made of them alone, exceedingly, helps digestion, comforts the commonly to be had at every apothecary's. heart, and preserves it against taintings To lake now and then a little of either, The powder of the dry strengthens nature much, in such as are in and svvoonings roots helps the biting of mad dogs and consumptions. They are also excellent! v venomous beasts, open obstructions of the good in hot pestilent fevers, and expel liver, and restores an appetite for their meat poison. The herb steeped to such as have lost it. GERMANDER. in wine, and the wine drank, refreshes such COMMON Germander shoots as be over-weary with traveling, and grow Descript.] lame in their joints, either by cold or evil forth sundry stalks, with small and someit helps stitches, and griping what round leaves, dented about the edges lodgings is an excellent remedy The flowers stand at the in sides the ; pains tops, of a deep The root is composed of for such as are bruised by falls; it provokes purple colour. urine and the terms exceedingly, therefore divers sprigs, which shoots forth a great let it not be way round about, quickly overspreading given to women with child The same is very profitable for such as are a garden. It grows usually with us in troubled with cramps and convulsions, to Place.] drink the decoction Also they say it breaks gardens, i

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And flowers in June and July. Time.] helps ruptures most cerall cold Government and virtues] It is a most diseases, tainly and such as are troubled with tough phlegm, prevalent herb of Mercury, and strengthens scabs, itch, or any fretting sores and ulcers; the brain and apprehension exceedingly when weak, and relieves them when droopit is an admirable remedy to kill the worms, This taken with honey (saith Dioscoa half a dram of the in by taking ing. powder morning in any convenient liquor; the same rides) is a remedy for coughs, hardness of is excellently good to be taken inwardly the spleen and difficulty of urine, and for the king's evil. It helps agues of all helps those that are fallen into a dropsy, sorts, and the yellow jaundice, as also the especially at the beginning of the disease, bots in cattle when kine are bitten on the a decoction being made thereof when it is udder by any venomous beast, do but green, and drank. It also brings down stroke the place with the decoction of any women's courses, and expels the dead of these, and it will instantly heal them. child. It is most effectual against the poison of all serpents, being drank in wine, CLOVE GILLIFLOWERS. and the bruised herb outwardly applied ; It is vain to describe an herb so well used with honey, it cleanses old and foul known. ulcers ; and made into an oil, and the eyes Government and virtues.] They are gallant, anointed therewith, takes away the dimIt is likewise fine, temperate flowers, of the nature and ness and moistness. good for under the dominion of Jupiter; yea, so the pains in the sides and cramps. The the stone, :

and

it is

excellent in

;

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

84 taken

for four days -places of this land, and is usually nursed and cures both ter- up in gardens. away It is also good It flowers not until tain and quartan agues. Time.'] July, and all diseases of the brain, as con-; the seed is in or ripe against August September tinual head-ache, falling-sickness, melan- yet the husks after they are ripe, opening choly, drowsiness and dullness of the spirits, themselves, will hold their seed with then? A dram of the for two or three months, and not shed them convulsions and palsies. Government and virtues.] It is seed taken in powder purges by urine, and supposed The to be under the dominion of Saturn. It is is the yellow jaundice. good against juice of the leaves dropped into the ears used by many country people to purge The tops thereof, corrupt phlegm and choler, which they do kills the worms in them. in are when they flowers, steeped twenty- by drinking the decoction of the roots four hours in a draught of white wine, and and some to make it more gentle, do but infuse the sliced roots in ale; and some drank, kills the worms in the belly. itake the leaves, which serve well for the weaker stomach The juice hereof put up, STINKING GLADWIN.

decoction

thereof

together, drives

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or snuffed

up the nose, causes sneezing, THIS is one of the kinds of and draws from the head much DescriptJ] corruption ; Flower-de-luce, having divers leaves arising j and the powder thereof doth the same, from the roots, very like a Flower-de-luce, The powder thereof diank in wine, helps but that they are sharp-edged on both sides, those that are troubled with the cramps and and thicker in the middle, of a deeper green | convulsions, or with the' gout and sciatica, colour, narrower and sharper pointed, and and gives ease to those that have griping s

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ill-scent, they be bruised be- pains in their body and belly, and helps tween the fingers. In the middle rises up those that have the stranguary. It is given a reasonably strong stalk, a yard high at with much profit to those that have had

a strong

if

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least, bearing three or four flowers at the long fluxes by the sharp and evil quality of top, made somewhat like the flowers of the \ humours, which it stays, having first cleansed Flower-de-luce, with three upright leaves, and purged them by the drying and bindof a dead purplish ash-colour, with someiing property therein. The root boiled in veins discoloured in them ; the other three \ wine and drank, doth effectually procure do not fall down, nor are the three other j women's courses, and used as a pessary, 5

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small ones so arched, nor cover the lower works the same effect, but causes abortion Half a dram of the leaves as the Flower-de-luce doth, but stand } in Avomen with child. After they seed beaten to powder, and taken in wine, loose or asunder from them. are past, there come up three square hard doth speedily cause one to make water husks, opening wide into three parts when I abuadantly. The same taken with vinethey" are ripe, wherein lie reddish seed, \ gar, dissolves the hardness and swellings turns black when it hath abiden long. The of the spleen. The root is very effectual root is like that of the Flower-de-luce, but in all wounds, especially of the head ; as j reddish on the outside, and whitish within, also to draw forth any splinters, thorns, or very sharp and hot in the taste, of as evil j broken bones, or any other thing sticking in the flesh, without causing pains, being a scent as the leaves. ( This grows as well in upland used with a little verdigrease and honey, P/ace.] The same as in moist places, woods, and and the great Centaury root. grounds, and boiled in laid shadowy places by the sea-side in many \ vinegar, upon any tumour \

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. or swelling, doth very effectually dissolve | inferior to none, both for the inward and and consume them ; yea, even the swell- outward hurts ; green wounds, old sores the king's evil ; and ulcers, are quickly cured therewith. jngs of the throat called the juice of the leaves or roots heals the It also is of especial use in all lotions for itch, and all running or spreading scabs, sores or ulcers in the mouth, throat, or privy The decoction sores, blemishes, or scars in the skin, where- parts of man or woman. fasten the that are loose to teeth also soever they be. helps in the gums.

GOLDEN ROD.

Descript.]

THIS

rises

GOUT-WORT, OR HERB GERRARD.

up with brownish

round stalks, two feet high, and Descript] IT is a low herb, seldom rising thereon sometimes more, having many half a yard high, having sundry leaves narrow and long dark green leaves, very standing on brownish green stalks by three, seldom with any dents about the edges, or -snipped about, and of a strong unpleasant The umbels of the flowers are savour any stalks or white spots1 therein, yet they 'i* 1.1 ill 1*1 at the found divided are sometimes so tops white, and the seed blackish, the root runs small

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many small branches, with divers small yellow flowers on every one of them, all Avhich are turned one way, arid being carried ripe, do turn into down, and are away by the wind. The root consists of many small fibres, which grows not deep in the ground, but abides all the winter

in the ground, quickly taking a great deal

July.

the gout,

into

of room.

grows by hedge and wallsides, and often in the border and corner of fields, and in gardens also. It flowers and seeds about the Time.] end of July. Government and virtues.] Satuni rules it. therein, shooting forth new branches every year, the old one lying down to the ground. Neither is it to be supposed Gout-wort hath It grows in the open places of its name for nothing but upon experiment Place.'] woods and copses, on both moist and dry to heal the gout and sciatica ; as also jointThe very aches, and other cold griefs. grounds, in many places of this land. Time.] It flowers about the month of bearing of it about one eases the pains of Government and

virtues.]

It

Place.']

Venus claims from the

and defends him

that bears

it

disease.

the herb, and therefore to be sure it resGROMELArnold us de Villa Nova pects beauty lost. OP this 1 shall briefly describe their commends it much against the stone in the reins and kidneys, and to provoke urine in I kinds, which are principally used in physic, abundance, wherebjr also the gravel and I the virtues whereof are alike, though some-

stone may be voided. The decoction of! what different in their the herb, green or dry, or the distilled growing.

manner and form of

?

very effectual for inward bruises, as also to be outwardly applied, it

water thereof,

is

stays bleeding in any part of the body, and of wounds ; also the fluxes of humours, the bloody-flux, and women's courses; and is no less prevalent in all ruptures or burstings, being drank inwardly, and outwardly It is a sovereign wound herb, applied.

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Descript.]

The greater Gromel grows up

with slender hard and hairy stalks, trailing and taking root in the ground, as it lies thereon, and parted into many other small branches with hairy dark green leaves thereAt the joints, with the leaves, come on. forth very small blue flowers, and after them hard stony roundish seed. The root is long

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

86

and woody, abiding the Winter, and shoots forth fresh stalks in the spring.

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Gromel sends forth The divers upright hard branched stalks, two or smaller wild

i

boiled, or the juice thereof drank, is eflei tual to all the purposes aforesaid, but not & powerful or speedy in operation.

{

GOOSEBERRY BUSH. three feet high, jull of joints, at every one of which grow small, long, hard and rough} CALLED alsO Feap berry, and in Sussex leaves like the former, but less ; among . and in some Counties j Dewberry Bns h, which leaves come forth small white flowers, \v meb erry and after them greyish round seed like the [ Governm ent and They are under virtues.-] former; the root is not very big, but withj the dominionof Venus. The berries, while many strings thereat. j thev ided are sca or baked, unripe being B The garden Gromel has divers upright arc ood to s r f i n j| up a aint g or decayed fo slender, woody, hairy stalks, blown and tite especial i5; such wh gse stomachs erased, very little branched with leaves a afflicted b holeric humours: They are like the former, and white flowers; after; exce |, entl y & goo d to st ay longin gs of women which,, rough brown husks, is contained wt them prewith c chikl OU may kSep ep tem a white, hard, round seed shining with s r a]1 the year Iong< The than either the former pearls, and greater e leaves o f the tree cools decoction of the root is like the first described, s and inflammations; as also with| hot swelli divers branches and sprigs thereat which gl Anth s fire The ripe Gooseberries continues (as the first doth) all the Winter.; bejno ea gre an excel]ent remed to e first grow wild in barren Place.] The two al the violent heat hoth of the stO ac h or untilled places, and by the way The y and tcnder leavcj! iver side| and Lhe last is in many places of this land. d d both from hreak the stQIK% an<J a nursling in the gardens of the curious. All the evil they the kidneys and bladder. all flower from Midsummer Time.-] They do tf) body of man ig> they are until September sometimes, and in the; d tQ breed crudities> and by crud t e s, mean time the seed ripens. j

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Government and virtues] The herb belongs to

Dame

Venus; and therefore

if

Mars

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worms

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WINTER-GUEEK.

cause the cholic or stone, as usually hej These Descript] THIS sends forth seven, eight, doth, if in Virgo, this is your cure. I or nine leaves from a small brown as force of as to be are accounted creeping singular a long fool one the to break or seed herb root, standing upon whatsoever, every any stone and to void it, and the gravel either stalk, which are almost as broad as long, in the reins or bladder, as also to provoke | round pointed, of a sad green colour, and urine being stopped, and to help stranguary. hard in handling, and like the leaf of a The seed is of greatest use, being bruised Pear-tree ; from whence arises a slender and boiled in white wine or in broth, or the weak stalk, yet standing upright, bearing small white sweet-smelling like, or the powder of the seed taken there- j at the top many Two drams of the seed in powder 5 flowers, laid open like a star, consisting ot in. taken with women's breast milk, is very j five round pointed leaves, with many yellow effectual to procure a very speedy delivery threads standing in the middle about a green to such women as have sore pains in their head, and a long stalk with them, which in j The herb time grows to be the seed-vessel, which travail, and cannot be delivered is found five square, with a small itself, (when the seed is not to be had) either being ripe |

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. wherein point at it, small as dust.

contained seed

is

as

it j

may be

se.en

many months

87 in the year,

both green and in flower, and seed ; for it It grows seldom in fields, but will spring and &eed twice in a year at Place.'] in the woods northwards, viz. in 'least, if it be suffered in a garden. frequent They grow almost every where, Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Scotland. Place."] | well and on It flowers about June July, fas tops of walls, as at the foot, Time.'] Government and virtues."] Winter-green amongst rubbish and untilled grounds, but is under the dominion of Saturn, and is a especially in gardens. !

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and an espeIt flowers, as was said before, alTime.'] most wounds cial every month throughout the year. remedy for healing green Government and virtues."] leaves being bruised and This herb is speedily, the green A of them. salve Venus's and is as the or mistress-piece, juice gallant applied, or and herb the universal a medicine for all diseases the of made stamped, green with hog's lard, or with salad coining of heat, in what part of the body juice boiled oil and wax, and some turpentine added soever they be, as the sunshines upon; it is to it, is a sovereign salve, and highly ex- very safe and friendly to the body of man: tolled by the Germans, who use it to heal yet causes vomiting if the stomach be afThe herb flicted ; if not, purging and it doth it with all manner of wounds and sores. boiled in wine and water, and given to more gentleness than can be expected; it is drink to them that have any inward ulcers moist, and something cold Avithal, thereby in their kidneys, or neck of the bladder, causing expulsion, and repressing the heat doth wonderfully help them. It stays all caused by the motion of the internal parts fluxes, as the lask, bloody fluxes, women's in purges and vom-its. Lay by our learned and takes of take so much and wounds, Sena, so much courses, receipts bleeding so inflammations much Colocynlhis, so much rising upon pains | Scammony, away any for foul infusion of Crocus Metallorum, &c. this of the heart it is no less helpful singularly good

wound

herb,

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ulcers hard to be cured

The

or fistulas.

effectually performs the

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herb alone preserved in a syrup, in a distilled water, or in an ointment, shall do the deed for you in all hot diseases, and,

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shall

as also for cankers

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distilled

water of the herb

same

things.

GROUNDSEL.

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OUR common

do it, 1, Safely 2, Speedily. 'i / r-'ihe decoction or this herb (sailh -p.Diosco-

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Groundsel has rides) made Avith wine, and drank, helps a round green and somewhat brownish the pains of the stomach, proceeding of stalk, spreading toward the top into branches, choler, (which it may well do by a vomit) set with long and somewhat nan ow green as daily experience shews. The juice therelike on the somewhat of of it in cut in taken in the or decoction leaves, drink, edges, the oak-leaves, but less, and round at the ale, gently performs the same. It is good end. At the tops of the branches stand against the iaundiee and falling sickness, small many green heads, out of which grow being taken in wine as aiso against difIt provokes several small, yellow threads or thumbs, ficulty of making water. which are the flowers, and continue many urine, expels gravel in the reins or kidneys; days blown in that manner, before it pass la dram thereof given in oxymel, after some away into down, and with the seed is walking or stirring of the body. It helps Descript.']

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carried

away in

the wind.

The root

is

small

:

also the sciatica, griping of the belly, the

and thready, and soon soon

rises

again of

its

perishes, and aslcholic, defects of the liver, and provokes own sowing, so that women's courses. The fresh herb boiled, :

A A

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

88 and made breasts of

into a poultice, applied to the that are swollen with pain

women

and

and a gallant remedy for the inflammation of the lungs and breasts, pleurisy, scabs, the privy parts of man or itch, &c. It is under the celestial sign

heat, as also woman, the seat or

j j

fundament, or the ar- Cancer. i

sinews, when they are i ARTICHOKES. inflamed and swollen, doth much ease them; ami used with some salt, helps to dissolve I HE cafl them Clnera > onl ti J our knots or kernels in any part of the body. I J ? A " co e e calls them Artichocus The juice of the herb, or as (Dioscorides \ Government and virtues.] They are under saith) the leaves and flowers, with some fine j , the d mi nion of Venus, and therefore it is teries,

joints,

and

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Frankincense in powder, used in wounds ofi n Carvel if they provoke lust, as indeed the body, nerves or sinews, doth singulaily u the d bem somewhat windy meat; help to heal them. The distilled water of! / and ?

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unevenly weaved sometimes about the and helps to break the stone. Being used edges, of a pale green colour, and some-? as a bath, or made into an ointment, it what yellow on the upper side like a sau- cools the painful piles or haemorrhoida. cer ; from among which arise one or more veins.. It is no less effectual to give ease tender, smooth, hollow stalks half a foot j to the pains of the gout, the sciatica, and high, with two or three small leaves there- \ helps the kernels or knots in the neck or

little

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

102

throat, called the king's evil : healing kibes and chilblains if they be bathed with the

of the herb and roots in wine, and applying the same outwardly to the place. It is anointed with ointment made singularly good in all or juice, running sores, canthereof, and some of the skin of the leaf cerous and fistulous, drying up of the moisupon them: it is also used in green wounds ture, and healing them up so gently, withto stay the blood, and to heal them quickly. out sharpness; it doth the like to miming sores or scabs of the head or other parts. KNAPWEED. It is of special use for the soreness of the throat, swelling of the uvula and jaws, and THE common sort hereof DeacriptJ] excellently good to stay bleeding, and heal j has many long and somewhat dark green up all green wounds. j leaves, rising from the root, dented about KNOTGRASS. the edges, and sometimes a little rent or IT is generally known so well that it torn on both sides in two or three places, withal needs no description. and somewhat hairy amongst It grows in every which arises a long round stalk, four or five Place.] county of feet high, divided into many branches, at this land by the highway sides, and by the tops whereof stand great scaly green foot-paths in fields as also by the sides of heads, and from the middle of them thrust old walls. It springs up late in the forth a number of dark purplish red thrumbs Time.'] Spring, after and which are abides until the Winter, when all the withered or threads, they and past, there are found divers black branches perish. Government and virtues^] Saturn seems seeds, lying in a great deal of down, someThistle unto but to to what like me own the herb, and yet some hold smaller ; seed, the root is white, hard and woody, and divers the Sun; out of doubt 'tis Saturn. The of the common kind of Knotgrass fibres annexed thereunto, which perishes juice not, but abides with leaves thereon all the is most effectual to stay bleeding of the Winter, shooting out fresh every spring. mouth, being drank in steeled or red wine ; It grows in most fields and mea- and the bleeding at the nose, to be applied .1*1 dows, and about their borders and hedges, \ to the forehead or temples, or to be squirted and in many waste grounds also every up into the nostrils. It is no less effectual where. lo cool and temper the heat of the blood It flowers in and June and; stomach, and to stay any flux of the usually TimeJ] the seed is and after. and humours, as lasks, bloody-flux, blood July, ripe shortly Saturn chal- women's courses, and running of the reins, Government and virtues.'] lenges the herb for his own. This Knap-i It is singularly good to provoke urine, help weed helps to stay fluxes, both of blood at \ the stranguary, and allays the heat that the mouth or nose, or other outward parts, comes thereby and is powerful by urine and those veins that are inwardly broken, | to expel the gravel or stone in the kidneys or inward wounds, as also the fluxes of the and bladder, a dram of the powder of belly; it stays distillation of thin and sharp the herb being taken in wine for many humours from the head upon the stomach j days together. Being boiled in wine and and lungs; it is good for those that are \ drank, it is profitable to those that are stung bruised by any fall, blows or otherwise, and * or bitten by venemous creatures, and very is profitable for those that are bursten, and | effectual to stay all defluxions of rheumatic have ruptures, by drinking the decoction | humours upon the stomach, and kills worms i

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narrower leaves than either the apple or it effectually casting or loathing of meat, and not dented about in the dried leaves The quince, powder strewed edges. helps. At the end of the sprigs stand the flowers, on fresh bleeding wounds restrains the :

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made

of five white, great, broad-pointed blood, and heals up the wound quickly, leaves, nicked in the middle with some The medlar-stones made into powder, and white threads also ; after which comes the drank in wine, wherein some Parsley-roots fruit, of a brownish green colour, being ripe, have lain infused all night, or a little boiled, bearing a crown as it were on the top, do break the stone in the kidneys, helping which were the five green leaves ; and to expel it. being rubbed off, or fallen away, the head MELLILOT, OB KING s CLAVLR. of the fruit is seen to be somewhat hollow, The fruit is very harsh before it is mellowed, j Descript.'] THIS hath many green stalks, and has usually five hard kernels within it. two or three feet high, rising from a tough, There is another kind hereof nothing dif- long, white root, which dies not ever}with fering from the former, but that it hath some year, set round about at the joints thorns on it in several places, which the small and somewhat long, well-smelling j other hath not; and usually the fruit is leaves, set three together, unevently dented \ about the edges. The flowers are yellow, small, and not so pleasant. Time and Place.'] in this} and well-smelling also, made like other They ;

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grow most part, j trefoil, but small, standing in long spikes and bear fruit in September and October. one above another, for an hand breath long Government and virtues.'] The fruit is old or better, which afterwards turn into long Saturn's, and sure a better medicine he crooked pods, wherein is contained flat seed, nardly hath to strengthen the retentive somewhat brown. It grows plentifully in many faculty ; therefore it stays women's longPlaceJ] ings- The good old man cannot endure places of this land, as in the edge of Suffolk H H

land,

and flower

in

May

for the

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

116

and and

in Essex, as also in Huntingdonshire, in other places, but most usually in

fields, in corners of meadows. It flowers in June and July, Time^]

corn

;

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male Mercury heads,

standing

foot stalk,

and not having i

after.

two

small,

together

which growing flowers.

The

round green

upon

a

short

ripe, are seeds female stalk is

round about with small which are the flowers virtues.'] green husks, in wine, and applied, mollifies all hard made small like bunches of grapes, which tumours and inflammations that happen in give no seed, but abiding long upon the the eyes, or other parts of the body, and j stalks without shedding. The root is cornsometimes the yolk of a roasted egg, or fine; posed of many small fibres, which perishes flour, or poppy seed, or endive, is added [every year at the first approach of Winter, unto it. It helps the spreading ulcers inland rises again of its own sowing; and if the head, it being washed with a lye made I once it is suffered to sow itself, the ground It helps the pains of the stomach, will never want afterwards, even both sorts thereof. being applied fresh , or boiled with any of* of it. the aforenamed things; also, the pains of' the ears, being dropped into them ; and j HAVING described unto you that which steeped in vinegar, or rose water, it miti-j 1 is called of French Mercury, I come now to head-ache. The flowers Melligates the lot or Camomile are much used to be put \ shew you a description of this kind also, This is likewise of two kinds, Descript.~\ together in clysters to expel wind, and ease j in for the same also pains; and poultices |maleand Female, having many stalks slender is

lipe quickly

Government and

longer, spike-fashion, set

Melilot, boiled

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purpose, and to assuage swelling tumours j and lower than Mercury, without any in the spleen or other parts, and helps in- branches at all upon them, the root is set j flammations in any part of the body. The \ with two leaves at every joint, somewhat juice dropped into the eyes, is a singularly j greater th-a-n the female, but more pointed good medicine to take away the film or ! and full of veins, and somewhat harder in skin that clouds or dimns the eye-sight, j handling: of a dark green colour, and less The head often washed with the distilled denied or snipped about the edges. At water of the herb and flower, or a lye made the joints with the leaves come forth longei therewith, is effectual for those that sud- stalks than the former, with two hairy denly lose their senses; as also to strengthen round seeds upon them, twice as big as the memory, to comfort the head and brain, those of the former Mercury. The taste and to preserve them from pain, and the $ hereof is herby, and the smell somewhat | :

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The female has much strong and virulent. harder leaves standing upon longer footFRENCH AND DOG MERCURY. ,, and the stalks are also longer ffrom \ stalks, THIS rises up with a square | the joints come forth spikes of flowers like Descript.~] full of joints, two feet high, or | the French Female Mercury. The roots of stalk green with two leaves at every joint, them both are many, and full of small thereabouts, and the branches likewise from both sides of fibres which run under ground, and mat the stalk, set with fresh green leaves, some- themselves very much, not perishing as the what broad and long, about the bigness of former Mercuries do, but abide the Winthe leaves of Bazil, finely dented about the ter, and shoot forth new branches every edges; towards the tops of the stalk and year, for the old lie down to the ground, apoplexy.

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come

forth at every joint in the

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The male and female French

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

117

Mercury are found wild in divers places of or the juice rubbed upon warts, takes them The juice mingled with some vinethis land, as by a village called Brookland away. in Rumney Marsh in Kent. gar, helps all running scabs, tetters, ringThe Dog Mercury in sundry places of] worms, and the itch. Galen saith, that Kent also, and elsewhere but the female being applied in manner of a poultice to more seldom than the male. any swelling or inflammation, it digests the They flower in the Summer swelling, and allays the inflammation, and Time.~\ therefore given in clysters to evacuate months, and therein give their seed. jis Government and virtues.] Mercury, they from the belly offensive humours. The Dog say, owns the herb, but I rather think it is Mercury, although it be less used, yet may Venus's, and I am partly confident of it serve in the same manner, to the same purtoo, for I never heard that Mercury ever pose, to purge waterish and melancholy I humours, minded women's business so much his minds more. The debelieve he study MINT. coction of the leaves of Mercury, or the* i

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in broth, or drank with a little juice thereof to it, purges choleric and waterish sugar put

humours.

Hippocrates

commended

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the kinds of

all

Mint, or Heart Mint,

Mint, the Spear being most usual,

wonderfully for women's diseases, and ap- ! I shall only describe as follows plied to the secret parts, to ease the pains of| Descript] Spear Mint has divers round the mother ; and used the decoction of it, stalks, and long but narrowish leaves set :

both to procure women's courses, and to expel the after-birth ; and gave the decoction thereof with myrrh or pepper, or used to apply the leaves outwardly against j

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the stranguary and diseases of the reins and bladder. He used it also for sore and watering eyes, and for the deafness and pains in the ears, by dropping the juice thereof into them, and bathing them afteri mi i wards in white wine. The decoction thereof made with water and a cock chicken, is i

a most

safe

i

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medicine against the hot

It also cleanses the breast

fits

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The thereon, of a dark green colour. flowers stand in spiked heads at the tops of the branches, being of a pale blue colour. The smell or scent thereof is somewhat near unto Bazil ; it encreases by the root under ground as all the others do.

an usual inhabitant in gardens; and because it seldom gives any good seed, the seed is recompensed i1I by the plentiful increase of the root, which being once planted in a garden, will hardly of be rid out again, It is

Place.]

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and lungs

Time] It flowers not until the beginning offends the stomach. of August, for the most part. The juice or distilled water snuffed up into; Government and virtues] It is an herb the nostrils, purges the head and eyes ofjof Venus. Dioscorides saith it hath a catarrhs and rheums. Some use to drink healing, binding and drying quality, and two or three ounces of the distilled water, j therefore the juice taken in vinegar, stays with a little sugar put to it, in the morning j bleeding : It stirs up venery, or bodily lust; agues.

of phlegm, but a

little

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open and purge the body of two or three branches thereof taken in the and melancholy humours, juice of four pomegranates, stays the hicMatthiolus saith, that both the seed of the cough, vomiting, and allays die choler. It male and female Mercury boiled with dissolves imposthumes being laid to with Wormwood and drank, cures the yellow barley-meal. It is good to repress the jaundice in a speedy manner. The leaves milk in women's breasts, and for such as

fasting,

to

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gross, viscous,

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

118

flagging, or great breasts. { with salt, it helps the biting of a Applied mad dog ; with mead and honeyed water, j it eases the pains of the ears, and takes away the roughness of the tongue, being rubbed thereupon. It suffers not milk to curdle in the stomach, if the leaves thereof be steeped or boiled in it before you drink it. Briefly it is very profitable to the stomach. The often use hereof is a very powerful medicine to stay women's courses and the whites. Applied to the forehead and temples, it eases the pains in the head, $ 1* 1 and is good to wash the heads of young children therewith, against all manner of: It breakings-out, sores or scabs, therein. is also the of vepoison profitable against nomous creatures. The distilled water of Mint is available to all the purposes afore-

turn to

have. swollen, 1

place, the decoction being garin the mouth,

:

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The virtues of the Wild or Horse Mint, such as grow in ditches (whose description I purposely omitted, in regard they are

\

111"!/*

its

gled and held

wind and those that are short-winded, and are an especial remedy for those that have veneral dreams and pollutions in the night, being outwardly well

known) are

in the

serviceable to dissolve

stomach, to help the cholic,

The juice dropped into the ears applied. eases the pains of them, and destroys the worms that breed therein. They are good *

*

1

the

or kernels in the throat. The decoction or distilled water helps a stinking breath, proceeding from corruption of the teeth, and snuffed up the nose, purges the head. Pliny saith, that eating of the leaves hath been found by experience to cure the leprosy, applying some of them to the face, and to help the scurf or dandriff of the head used with vinegar. They are extremely bad for wounded people and they say a

evil,

But if a spirit said, yet more weakly. thereof be rightly and chymically drawn, it is much more powerful than the herb Simeon itself. Sethi saith, it helps a cold liver, strengthens the belly, causes digestion,

and hiccough is it good against the gnawing of the heart, provokes wounded man that stays

vomits

f*

I

venemous biting of serpents. The juice laid on warm, helps the king's against

;

away obstructions of the and stirs liver, up bodily lust ; but therefore too much must not be taken, because it makes the blood thin and wheyish, and turns it into choler, and therefore choleric It is a safe persons must abstain from it. medicine for the biting of a mad dog, being! bruised with salt and laid thereon. The appetite, takes

will

;

eats Mint, his wound never be cured, and that is a long day

MISSELTO. DescriptJ] THIS rises up from the branch or arm of the tree whereon it grows, with

a

woody

stem, putting

itself

into sundry into many

branches, and they again divided

powder of it being dried and taken after other smaller twigs, interlacing themselves meat, helps digestion, and those that are one within another, very much covered splenetic. Taken with wine, it helps women with a greyish green bark, having two leaves in their sore travail in child-bearing. It is the and in the stone good against gravel and the kidneys, stranguary. Being

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every joint, and at the end likewise, which are somewhat long and narrow, small

set at

at the bottom, but broader towards the end.

comfortable for the head \ At the knots or joints of the boughs and and memory. The decoction hereof gar- branches grow small yellow flowers, which gled in the mouth, cures the gums and j run into small, round, white, transparent mouth that are sore, and mends an ill- berries, three or four together, full of a savoured breath ; as also the Rue and Cori- \ glutinous moisture, with a blackish seed in ander, causes the palate of the mouth to | each of them, which was never yet known smelled unto,

it is

5

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. works the The Misselto itself of the oak stronger. It on oaks the grows very rarely (as best) made into powder, and given Place.] but upon sundry others as well in drink to those that have the falling sickwith us timber as fruit trees, plentifully in woody ness, does assuredly heal them, as Matthibut it is fit to use it for forty olus saith groves, and the like, through all this land, It in flowers the Some have so highly esTime.'] Spring-time, days together. but the berries are not ripe until October, teemed it for the virtues thereof, that they and abides on the branches all the Winter, have called it Lignum Sanctice Crucis, Wood unless the blackbirds, and other birds, do of the Holy Cross, believing it helps the i devour them. falling sickness, apoplexy and palsy very Government and virtues] This is under {speedily, not only to be inwardly taken, but the dominion of the Sun, I do not question; to be hung at their neck. Tragus saith, and can also take for granted, that which that the fresh wood of any Misselto bruised, grows upon oaks, participates something of and the juice drawn forth and dropped in the nature of Jupiter, because an oak is one; the ears that have imposthumes in them, of his trees as also that which grows upon doth help and ease them within a few days, pear trees, and apple trees, participates; c MONEYWORT, OR HERB TWOPENCE something or his nature, because he rules THE common Moneywort the tree it grows upon, having no root of j Descript.~\ forth from a small thready root divers But why that should have most sends its own. virtues that grows upon oaks I know not, long, weak, and slender branches, lying and unless because it is rarest and hardest to; running upon the ground two or three feet corne by and our college's opinion is in long or more, set with leaves two at a joint this contrary to scripture, which saith, Goem one against another at equal distances, tender mercies are over all his works ; arid so which are almost round, but pointed at the it is, let the college of physicians walk as ends, smooth, and of a good green colour, him as to contrary they please, and that isl At the joints with the leaves from the middle as contrary as the east to the west. Clusius forward come forth at every point someaffirms that which grows upon pear trees to times one yellow flower, and sometimes be as prevalent, and gives order, that it two, standing each on a small foot-stalk, should not touch the ground after it is and made of five leaves, narrow-pointed at gathered and also saith, that, being hung the end, with some yellow threads in the about the neck, it remedies witchcraft, middle, which being past, there stand in Both the leaves and berries of Misselto do their places small round heads of seed. It grows plentifully in almost heat and dry, and are of subtle parts the Place.] birdlime doth molify hard knots, tumours, jail places of this land, commonly in moist and imposthumes ripens and discusses grounds by hedge-sides, and in the middle and draws forth thick as well as thin of grassy fields. them, humours from the remote parts of the body, They flower in June and July, Time.*] And being arid their seed is ripe quickly after, digesting and separating them. mixed with equal parts of rozin and Avax, j Government and virtues.] Venus owns it doth molify the hardness of the spleen, and Moneywort is singularly good to stay all helps old ulcers and sores. Being mixed fluxes in man or woman, whether they be with Sandaric and Orpiment, it helps to lasks, bloody-fluxes, bleeding inwardly or draw off foul nails ; and if quick-lime and outwardly, or the weakness of the stomach to spring, being put into the ground, or where else to grow.

any wine ;

lees

be added thereunto,

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

120

It is very good that is given to casting. the or for ulcers excoriations of the also other or inward It is exceedparts. lungs,

and

|

May

;

for

in

June,

when any hot

weather comes, for the most part it is withered and gone, either or fresh Government and virtues.'] The Moon owns wounds, j

j

ingly good for all green, to heal them speedily, and for all old ulcers that are of spreading natures. For all which purposes the juice of the herb, or the powder drank in water where- j or in hot steel hath been often quenched j the decoction of the green herb in wine or water drank, or used to the outward place, to wash or bathe them, or to have tents; dipped therein and put into them, are ef\

Moonwort is cold and drying more than Adder's Tongue, and is therefore held to be more available for all wounds both inward and outward. The leaves boiled in red wine, and drank, stay the immoderate flux of women's courses, and the herb.

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the whites. It also stays bleeding, vomitIt helps all blows ing, and other fluxes. and bruises, and to consolidate all fractures and dislocations. It is good for ruptures, but is chiefly used, by most with

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fectual.

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MOONWORT

j

other herbs, to make oils or balsams to heal but with fresh or green wounds (as I said before) up usually DescriptJ\ one dark green, thick and flat leaf, stand- either inward or outward, for which it is above two excellently good. ing**'. upon a short foot-stalk not ~ when it flowers it may but breadth Moonwort is an herb which (they say) fingers be said to bear a small slender stalk about j will open locks, and unshoe such horses as four or five inches high, having but oneUread upon it: This some laugh to scorn, but counleaf in the middle thereof, which is much ] and those no small fools neither divided on both sides into sometimes five I try people, that I know, call it Unshoe the or seven parts on a side, sometimes more Horse. Besides I have heard commanders each of which parts is small like the middle say, that on White Down in Devonshire, rib, but broad forwards, pointed and round, near Tiverton, there were found thirty from therein a whence* the of the from feet horse off half-moon, shoes, pulled resembling it took the name; the uppermost parts or Earl of Essex's horses, there drawn being j divisions being bigger than the lowest, up in a body, many of them being but The stalks rise above this leaf two or three | newlv shod, and no reason known, which inches, bearing many branches of small > caused much admiration: the herb deslong tongues, every one like the spiky head cribed usually grows upon heaths. of the adder's tongue, of a brownish colour,

IT

rises

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fc.

, ;

(which, whether the seed, I well

I shall call

know

them

flowers, or

j

not) which, after they I

I

SHALL

not trouble the

reader with

have continued awhile, resolve into a mealy a description of these, since my intent is to The root is small and fibrous. This speak only of two kinds, as the most prindust. hath sometimes divers such like leaves as viz. Ground Moss and Tree Moss, jcipal, are before described, with so many branches both which are very well known. or tops rising from one stalk, each divided! The Ground Moss grows in our P/crce.] from the other. moist woods, and at the bottom of hills, in It grows on hills and heaths, boggy grounds, and in shadowy ditches, PlaceJ] The Tree is much there where yet grass, for therein and many other such like places. it Moss grows only on trees. delights to grow. All sorts of Government and virtues.~\ It is to be found only in April \ TimeJ] i

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

121

under the dominion of Saturn, i every joint, which are somewhat broad and or crumpled, with is held to be singularly ! long, as if it were rough of a sad green therein good to break the stone, and to expel and \ many great veins drive it forth by urine, being boiled in wine \ colour, and deeply dented about the edges, and drank. The herb being bruised and \ and almost divided. From the middle of boiled in water, and applied, eases all in- \ the branches up to the tops of them (which flammations and pains coming from an hot are long and small) grow the flowers round

Mosses

art-

The Ground Moss

j

cause; and is therefore used to ease the pains of the gout. The Tree Mosses are cooling and binding, and partake of a digesting and molifying But each quality withal, as Galen saith. Moss partakes of the nature of the tree from whence it is taken ; therefore that of the oak is more binding, and is of good effect

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them

at distances, in sharp pointed, rough, hard husks, of a more red or purple colour than Balm or Horehound, but in the same manner or form as the Horehound, after which come small, round, blackish seeds in

The root sends forth a numgreat plenty. \ ber of long strings and small fibres, taking of a dark yellowstrong hold in the ground, to stay fluxes in man or woman ; as also ish or brownish colour, and abides as the vomiting or bleeding, the powder thereof Horehound does the smell of the one not being taken in wine. The decoction there- much differs from the other. of in wine is very good for women to be; It grows only in gardens with us Place.'] i

:

bathed

are troubled with the overof their courses. The same being flowing the stomach that is troubled drank, stays with casting, or hiccough and, as Avicena The powder saith, it comforts the heart. thereof taken in drink for some time together, is thought available for the dropsy, The oil that has had fresh Moss steeped therein for a time, and afterwards boiled and applied to the temples and forehead,; marvellously eases the head-ache coming of a hot cause as also the distillations | of hot rheums or humours in the eyes, or | other parts. The ancients much used it in | their ointments and other medicines against the lassitude, and to strengthen and comfort the sinews For which, if it was good I know no reason but it may be found then,

England. Government and virtues.~\ Venus owns the herb, and it is under Leo. There is no better herb to take melancholy vapours from the heart, to strengthen it, and make a merry, chearful, blithe soul than this herb. It may be kept in a syrup or conserve ; therefore the Latins called it Cardiaca. Besides, it makes women joyful mothers of children, and settles their wombs as they should be, It is held therefore we call it Motherwort. to be of much use for the trembling of the

so

these effects,

in, that

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and faintings and swoonings ; from whence it took the name Cardiaca. The heart,

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powder thereof, to the quantity of a spoona wonderful help to fill, drank in wine, is

\

women

\

:

still.

MOTHERWORT.

in

\

in their sore travail, as also for the and for suffocating or risings of the mother, it is

likely

it

took the

name

of

Motherwort with us. It also provokes urine and women's courses, cleanses the

chest of cold phlegm, oppressing it, kills It is of good use to [>escript.'] square, | worms in the belly. brownish, rough, strong stalk, rising three j warm and dry up the cold humours, to or four feet high at least, spreading into* digest and disperse them that are settled many branches, whereon grow leaves on * in the veins, joints, and sinews of the body, each side, with long foot-stalks, two at and to help cramps and convulsions. | |

THIS hath a

hard,

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

122 M M
1 * i* t or nose, and inward bleeding also, for it is

{

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MOUSE-EAR

a low herb, ja singular wound herb for wounds both insmall It helps the by strings, j ward and outward creeping upon bloody like the Strawberry plant, whereby it shoots j flux, and helps the abundance of women's There is a syrup made of the forth small roots, whereat grow, upon the courses. small and somewhat short 'juice hereof and sugar, by the ground, many apothecaries leaves, set in a round form together, and of Italy, and other places, which is of much very hairy, which, being broken, do give a \ account with them, to be given to those From among these leaves I that are troubled with the cough or phthisic, whitish milk spring up two or three small hoary stalks The same also is singularly good for rupabout a span high, with a few smaller leaves tures or burstings. The green herb bruised thereon ; at the tops whereof stands usually and presently bound to any cut or wound, but one flower, consisting of many pale yel- doth quickly solder the lips thereof. And low leaves, broad at the point, and a little the juice, decoction, or powder of the dried dented in, set in three or four rows (the j herb is most singular to stay the malignity greater uppermost) very like a Dandelion | of spreading and fretting cankers and ulcers flower, and a little reddish underneath about whatsoever, yea in the mouth and secret the edges, especially if it grow in a dry parts. The distilled water of the plant is j ground ; which after they have stood long available in all the diseases aforesaid, and in flower do turn into down, which with the t to wash outward wounds and sores, by seed is carried away with the wind. \ applying tents of cloths wet therein. on ditch It and 1 banks, grows PlaceJ] Descript."]

is

the ground

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sometimes

they be dry, and in

I

about June or July,

\

in ditches, if

sandy grounds. Time.']

1

It flowers

and abides green

all

the Winter.

The Moon owns Government and virtues. this herb also ; and though authors cry out ~\

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COMMON

Descript.~\

Mugwort

hath

divers leaves lying upon the ground, very much divided, or cut deeply in about the

somewhat like Wormwood, but much larger, of a dark green colour on the upper side, and very hoary white underneath, brims,

upon Alchymists, for attempting to fix quicksilver by this herb and Moonwort, a The stalks rise to be four or five feet high, Roman would not have judged a thing by having on it such like leaves as those below, the success if it be to be fixed at all, it is but somewhat smaller, branching forth The juice thereof! very much towards the top, whereon are by lunar influence. $

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taken in wine, or the decoction thereof set very small, pale, yellowish flowers like drank, doth help the jaundice, although of \ buttons, which fall away, and after them long continuance, to drink thereof morn- \ come small seeds inclosed in round heads ing and evening, and abstain from other The root is long and hard, with many small It is as fibres growing from it, whereby it takes drink two or three hours after. special remedy against the stone, and the strong hold on the ground ; but both stalks j

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5

tormenting pains thereof: as also other tor- and leaves do lie down every year, and the The i root shoots anew in the Spring. The whole tures and griping pains of the bowels. decoction thereof with Succory and Cen- j plant is of a reasonable scent, and is more taury is held very effectual to help the | easily propagated by the slips than the $

dropsy, and them that are inclining there- \ seed. Place unto, and the diseases of the spleen. It\

~\

It

grows plentifully

in

many

I'

Mi> vise

Ear

Yrllo-w Moiiev

Mill

won

ii.-k

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

133

It sooner waxes old, the borders and corners of fields, and near 1 within the stone. ditches, through this land. land decays, than the Apricot, by much. in* and seeds in It Sowers They arc nursed in gardens and July, Place.] Tinted]

orchards through this land. August. hath Government and virtues.'] Mercury They flower in the Spring, and Time.'] the dominion over them. The seed thereof, fructify in Autumn. Government and virtues.] as Galen saith, is of a sharp and cutting Lady Venus and is a fit medicine for; owns this tree, it and therefore by quality, opposes the of the effects and indeed for a cough and shortness of breath, children and Mars, falling}

The root is avail- \ young people, nothing is better to purge and the jaundice, than the leaves or the purposes aforesaid, and isjcholer also of great use to take away the hard j flowers of this tree being made into a syrup skin that grows on a fistula, if it be but or conserve. Let such as delight to please The seed hereof being* their lust regard the fruit but such as have scraped upon it. cleanses the drank, belly from tough phleg- \ lost their health, and their children's, let malic matter therein, eases them that are them regard what I say, they may safely liver-grown, women's passions of the mother, give two spoonfuls of the syrup at a time as well being drank as the smoke thereof J it is as gentle as Venus herself. The leaves received, and likewise raises such as are j of peaches bruised and laid on the belly, fallen into a deep sleep, or have the lethargy, 1 kill worms, and so they do also being by burning it under their nose. The seed boiled in ale and drank, and open the belly and root boiled in oil, and the head rubbed likewise ; and, being dried, is a far safer The powtherewith, helps not only those that are medicine to discuss humours. fallen into a frenzy, but also the lethargy or der of them strewed upon fresh bleeding drowsy evil, and those that have been long I wounds stays their bleeding, and closes troubled with the head-ache, if it be like- j them up. The flowers steeped all night in wise used with Rue. It helps also the runn-j a little wine standing warm, strained forth The juice of the j in the morning, and drank fasting, doth ing scab and shingles. flowers dropped into the ears that run and gently open the belly, and move it downj are full of matter, cleanses and heals them, j ward. syrup made of them, as the syrup sickness able to

and jaundice.

all

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de, works more forcibly than [ that or roses, for it provokes vomiting, and PEACH Tree grows not so; spends waterish and hydropic humours by Descript.] as the Apricot tree, yet spreads { the continuance thereof. The flowers made great branches reasonable well, from whence {into a conserve, work the same effect, spring smaller reddish twigs, whereon are: The liquor that dropped from the tree, being set long and narrow green leaves dented I wounded, is given in the decoction of CoRsabout the edges. The blossoms are greater \ foot, to those that are troubled with a cough than the plumb, and of a light purple: or shortness of breath, by thereunto

THE PEACH TREE.

A

} |

?

adding

colour; the fruit round, and sometimes as j some sweet wine, and putting some saffron It is good for those that arc Dig as a reasonable Pippin, others smaller, also therein. as also differing in colour and taste, as rus- hoarse, or have lost their voice; helps all set, red, or yellow, waterish or firm, with a {defects of the lungs, and those that vomit frize or cotton all over, with a cleft therein and Two drams hereof given j spit blood. like an Apricot, and a in the of lemons, or of radish, is good rugged, furrowed, juice stone and within a bitter kernel; for them that are troubled with the stone. great it, I

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

134

the kernels of the stones do wonderfully much more, and are very good in repelling ease the pains and Avringings of the belly medicines ; and if the wild sort be boiled through wind or sharp humours, and help! with mushrooms, it makes them less danto make an excellent medicine for the stone The said Pears boiled with a ,ittle gerous. upon all occasions, in this manner I take honey, help much the oppressed stomach, fifty kernels of peach-stones, and one hundred as all sorts of them do, some more, some but the harsher sorts do more cool of the kernels of cherry-stones^ a handful of\ less elder flowers fresh or dried, and three pints and bind, serving well to be bound to green set them in a close into a bed to cool and stay the blood, and heal Muscadel; of wounds, pot of horse-dung for ten days, after which distill up the green wound without farther trouble, in a glass with a gentle Jire, and keep it for or inflammation, as Galen saithhehath found your use You may drink upon occasion by experience. The wild Pears do sooner three or four ounces at a time. The milk or close up the lipsof green wounds than others, cream of these kernels being drawn forth Schola Selerni advises to drink much Avith some Vervain water and applied to wine after Pears, or else (say they) they are the forehead and temples, doth much help as bad as poison ; nay, and they curse the to procure rest and sleep to sick persons tree for it too ; but if a poor man find his wanting it. The oil drawn from the kernels, stomach oppressed by eating Pears, it is but the temples being therewith anointed, doth working hard, and it will do as well as the like. The said oil put into clysters, \ drinking wine, eases the *pains of the wind cholic and i PELLITORY OF SPAIN. i .1 ,i anointed -on the lower part orc the belJy, j doth the like, and dropped into the ears, COMMON Pellitory of Spain, if it be eases pains in them the juice of the leaves planted in our gardens, will prosper very | doth the like. Being also anointed on the i well ; yet there is one sort growing ordinahere wild, which I esteem to be little forehead and temples, it helps the megrim, jrily and all other pains in the head. If the | inferior to the other, if at all. I shall not kernels be bruised and boiled in vinegar, deny you the description of them both. Common Pellilory is a very until they become thick, and applied to the DescriptJ] it common hair the to head, plant, and will not be kept in our marvellously procures without The diligent looking to. grow again upon bald places, or where it is gardens root goes down right into the ground beartoo thin. ing leaves, being long and finely cut upon THE PEAR TREE. the stalk, lying on the ground, much larger PEAR Trees are so well known, that they than the leaves of the Camomile are. At the top it bears one single large flower at a need no description. Government and virtues^] The Tree belongs place, having a border of many leaves, to Venus, and so doth the Apple tree. For white on the upper side, and reddish undertheir physical use they are best discerned neath, with a yellow thrum in the middle, by their taste. All the sweet and luscious { not standing so close as that of Camomile, The other common Pellitory which sorts, whether manured or wild, do help to move the belly downwards, more or less. grows here, hath a root of a sharp biting Those that are hard and sour, do, on the taste, scarcely discernible by the taste from contrary, bind the belly as much, and the that before described, from whence arise leaves do so also : Those that are moist do divers brittle stalks, a yard high and more in some sort cool, but harsh or wild sorts | with narrow leaves finely dented about the \

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

18*

one above another up to black, rough seed, which will stick to edges, standing The flowers are many and white, j cloth or garment that shall touch it. The the tops. tufts like those of Yarrow, with root is somewhat long, with small fibre: in standing a small yellowish thrum in the middle. f thereat, of a dark reddish colour, whicl abides the Winter, although the stalks am The seed is very small. j in fields last the leaves perish and spring every year. The by Placed] grows almost where. It grows wild generally and sides \ every paths, Place.'] hedge through at the latter end of the land, about the borders of fields, and bv flowers It Time.'] j the sides of walls, and among rubbish. June and July. It j Government and virtues] It is under the j will endure well being brought up in gnrgovernment of Mercury, and I am per- j dens, and planted on the shady side, suaded it is one of the best purgers of the ; where it will spring of it own sowing. An ounce of the juice j Time.'] It flowers in June and July, and brain that grows. taken in a draught of Muskadel an hourithe seed is ripe soon after. Government and virtues.] It i.5 under the before the fit of the ague comes, it will \ at the dominion the of Mercury. The dried herb second drive away assuredly ague farthest. at the Either made i or third time taken Pellitory up into an electuary with the herb or root dried and chewed in the; honey, or the juices of the herb, or the demouth, purges the brain of plegmatic \ coction thereof made up with sugar or humours; thereby not only easing pains in j homy, is a singular remedy for an old or the head and teeth, but also hinders the dry cough, the shortness of breath, and the lungs and wheezing in the throat. Three ounces of distilling of the brain upon | the thereof taken at a time, doth woneyes, thereby preventing coughs, phthisicks juice and consumption, the apoplexy and falling derfully help stopping of the urine, and to It is an sickness. excellently approved j expel the stone or gravel in the kidneys or remedy in the lethargy. The powder of the bladder, and is therefore usually put among herb or root being snuffed up the nostrils, other herbs used in clysters to mitigate procures sneezing, and eases the head-ache; pains in the back, sides, or bowels, probeing made into an ointment with hog's ceed ing of wind, stopping of urine, the If the bruised grease, it takes away black and blue spots j gravel or stone, as aforesaid. occasioned by blows or falls, and helps both . herb, sprinkled with some Muskadel, be warmed upon a tile, or in a dish upon a the gout and sciatica. fe w in a chafing-dish, and apPELLITORY OP THE WALL. , plied to the belly, it works the same effect. I rises with IT The decoction of the herb being drank, brownish, red, j Descript.~] I eases and almost clear, tender, weak, transparent pains of the mother, and brings down two feet about which women's courses : It also eases those griefs stalks, high, upon grow at the joints two leaves somewhat that arise from obstructions of the liver, \

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broad and long, of a dark green colour, spleen, and reins. The same decoction, which afterwards turn brownish, smooth on with a little honey added thereto, is good the edges, but rough and hairy, as the to gargle a sore throat. The juice held a stalks are also. At the joints with the while in the mouth, eases pains in the teeth. leaves from the middle of the stalk upwards, The distilled water of the herb drank with where it spreads into branches, stand many some sugar, works the same effects, and j small, pale, purplish flowers in hairy, rough cleanses the skin from spots, freckles, pur heads, or husks, after which come small ^1 pies, wheals, sun-burn, morphew, &c. The j

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

136

cases the noise \ There is a greater kind than the ordinary juice dropped into the ears, in them, and takes away the pricking and Isort found wild with us, which so abides, shooting pains therein: The same, or the .-being brought into gardens, and differs not distilled water, assuages hot and swelling from it, but only in the largeness of the hnposthumes, burnings and scalclings by leaves and stalks, in rising higher, and not as also all other hot tumours creeping upon the ground so much. fire or water The and inflammations, or breakings-out, of ! flowers whereof are purple, growing in runheat, being bathed often with wet cloths ! dies about the stalks like the other, The first, which is common in Place.~] dipped therein The said juice made into \

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a liniment with ceruss, and

of roses, and

gardens, grows also in many moist and anointed therewith, cleanses foul rotten watery places of this land, The second is found wild in effect in ulcers, and stays spreading or creeping! chilsores in divers places by the highways from London ulcers, and running scabs or dren's heads ; and helps to stay the hair to Colchester, and thereabouts, more abunfrom falling off the head. The said oint- jdantly than in any other counties, and is menl, or the herb applied to the fundament, also planted in their gardens in Essex, They flower in the latter end of Time.'] opens the piles, and eases their pains and { the about mixed with tallow, Summer, helps August, goats' being The juice is very effectual to cleanse; Government and virtues.'] The herb is gout. or the under Venus. Dioscorides sailh, that fistulas, and to heal them up safely herb itself bruised and applied with a little Pennyroyal makes thin tough phlegm, It is likewise also effectual to heal warms the coldness of any part whereto it salt. any green wound ; if it he bruised and j is applied, and digests raw or corrupt matbound thereto for three days, you shall j ter Being boiled and drank, it provokes need no other medicine to heal it further. women's courses, and expels the dead child poultice made hereof with Mallows, and and after-birth, and stays the disposition boiled in wine and wheat bran and bean to vomit, being taken in water and vinegar flour, and some oil put thereto, and ap- mingled together. And being mingled with plied warm to any bruised sinews, tendon, honey and salt, it voids phlegm out of the or muscle, doth in a very short time restore lungs, and purges melancholy by the stool, them to their strength, taking away the Drank with wine, it helps such as are bitten pains of the bruises, and dissolves the con- J and stung=with venomous beasts, and apgealed blood coming of blows, or falls from plied to the nostrils with vinegar, revives those that are fainting and swooning. { high places. The juice of Pellitory of the Wall clarified Being dried and burnt, it strengthens the and boiled in a syrup with honey, and a gums. It is helpful to those that are trouspoonful of it drank every morning by such bled with the gout, being applied of itself as are subject to the dropsy; if continuing' to the place until it was red; and applied that course, though but once a weak, they in a plaister, it takes away spots or marks ever have the dropsy, let them but come in the face; applied with salt, it profits those The dethat are splenetic, or livergrown. to me, and I will cure them gratis. the if washed therejcoction doth help itch, The green herb bruised and put jwith. oil

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PENNYROYAL all, I

no

mean

the

description.

is

so well

common

known unto

kind, that

it

into vinegar, cleanses foul ulcers, and takes needs jaway the marks of bruises and blows about and a.l discolourings of the face I the eyes, j

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

1,37

The ordinary Female Peony hath as by fire, yea, and the leprosy, being drank and outwardly applied Boiled in wine many stalks, and more leaves on them than with honey and salt, it helps the tooth-ache. the Male; the leaves not so large, but nicked the edges, some with great and deep, It helps the cold griefs by the joints, taking Jon the warms the cold others with small cuts and divisions, of a and away pains, part, being fast bound to the place, after a dead green colour. The flowers are of a Pliny (strong heady scent, usually smaller, and of bathing or sweating in a hot house. adds, that Pennyroyal and Mints together, a more purple colour than the Male, witli help faintings, being put into vinegar, and yellow thrums about the head, as the Male j

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smelled unto, or put into the nostrils or {hath. The seed vessels are like horns, as in mouth. It eases head-aches, pains of the j the Male, but smaller, the seed is black, breast and belly, and gnawings of the { but less shining. The root consists of many with and short tuberous stomach; applied honey, salt, clogs, fastened at the end of it all from the heads of the or and convulsions of helps cramps vinegar, long strings, j the sinews: Boiled in milk, and drank, ill roots, which is thick and short, and of the is effectual for the cough, and for ulcers like scent with the Male, and sores in the mouth; drank in wine Place and Time.'] They grow in gardens, j

I

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provokes women's courses, and expels the and flower usually about May. dead child, and after-birth. Matthiolus Government and virtues.! It is an herb of saith, The decoction thereof being drank, the Sun, and under the Lion. Physicians but Dr. helps the jaundice and dropsy, all pains of; say, Male Peony roots are best the head and sinews that come of a cold Reason told me Male Peony was best for j It helps men, and Female Peony for women, and he cause, and clears the eye-sight. the lethargy, and applied with barley -meal, desires to be judged by his brother Dr. The roots are held to be of helps burnings ; and put into the ears, eases Experience. the pains of them. more virtue than the seed ; next the flowers The and, last of all, the leaves. MALE AND FEMALE PEONY. \, r c U *! the Male Peony, fresh gathered, having \ MALE Peony rises up with been found by experience to cure the fallDescript.'] brownish stalks, whereon grow green and ing sickness ; but the surest way is, besides reddish leaves, upon a stalk without any hanging it about the neck, by which children Thelhave been cured, to take the root of the particular division in the leaf at all. flowers stand at the top of the stalks, con- j Mile Peony washed clean, and stamped sisting of five or six broad leaves, of a fair somewhat small, and laid to infuse in sack purplish red colour, with many yellow for 24 \ours at the least, afterwards strain threads in the middle standing about the! it, and take it first and last, morning and head, which after rises up to be the seed evening, a good draught for sundry days and vessels, divided into two, three, or four j together, before and after a full moon crooked pods like horns, which being full this will also cure old persons, if the disripe, open and turn themselves down back- lease be not grown too old, and past cure, wards, shewing with them divers round, especially if there be a due and orderly black, shining seeds, having also many preparation of the body with posset-drink crimson grains, intermixed with black, made of Betony, &c. The root is also j | :

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makes a very pretty shew. The effectual for women that are not sufficiently roots are great, thick and long, spreading! cleansed after child-birth, and such as are and running down deep in the ground. troubled with the mother for which likewhereby

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

J38

wise the black seed beaten to powder, and hereof to be bruised, and mixed with old available. The black hog's grease, and applied to the place, and given in wine, is also before taken also seed bed-time, and in to continue thereon four hours in men, and the morning, is very effectual for such as in two hours in women, the place being aftertheir sleep are troubled with the disease wards bathed with wine and oil mixed called Ephialtes, or Incubus, bul we do together, and then wrapped up with wool commonly call it the Night-mare: a disease or skins, after they have sweat a little. It which melancholy persons are subject unto also amends the deformities or discolourIt is also good against melancholy dreams. | ings of the skin, and helps to take away The distilled water or syrup made of the marks, scars, and scabs, or the foul marks The juice flowers, works the same effects that the root | of burning with fire or iron. and seed do, although more weakly. The! hereof is by some used to be given in ale to Females is often used for the purpose afore- drink, to women with child, to procure said, by reason the Male is so scarce a them a speedy delivery in travail, " plant, that it is possessed by few, and those } j

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kind. great lovers of rarities in this

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b.

THE common

hereof Qr j trai]ing running OUR common Pepperwortj upon the ground, shooting out small fibres Descript."] sends forth somewhat long and broad leaves, | at the joints as it runs, taking thereby hold of a light blueish green colour, finely in the ground, and rooteth in divers places, dented about the edges, and pointed at the At the joints of these branches stand two Descript.~]J

PEPPERWORT, OR DITTANDER.

sort

mtmy bnmches

j

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ends, standing upon round three

or

four

branches on

hard

feet high, spreading sides, and having

stalks,

small, dark-green, shining leaves, somewhat like bay leaves, but smaller, and with them

:

many many come

forth also the flowers (one at a joint) at of white flowers the small them, standing upon a tender foot-stalk, being tops after which follow small seeds in smalH somewhat long and hollow, parted at the heads. The root is slender, running much! brims, sometimes into four, sometimes into under ground, and shooting up again in five leaves The most ordinary sorts are of many places, and both leaves and roots are; a pale blue colour; some are pure white, very hot and sharp of taste, like pepper, for some of a dark reddish purple colour. The root is little bigger than a rush, bushing in which cause it took the name. It grows naturally in many the ground, and creeping Avith his branches Placed] of this land, as at Clare in Essex ; far about, whereby it quickly possesses a all

:

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places

also near unto Exeter in Devonshire; upon \ great compass, and is therefore most Rochester common in Kent ; in Lanca- ! usually planted under hedges where it may shire, and divers other places ; but usually have room to run. Those with the pale blue, and in Placed] \

kept

gardens. It flowers in the end of June, I those with the white flowers, grow in woods and orchards, by the hedge-sides, in divers and in July. but those with the purGovernment and virtues.'] Here is another | places of this land in it. of make much martial herb for you, flowers, gardens only. j pie flower in March and April, that and Paulus They Time.'] PepPliny JSgineta say, Venus owns Government and virtues.'] perwort is very successful for the sciatica, \ or any other gout or pain in the joints, or | this herb, and saith, That the leaves eaten any other inveterate grief: The leaves j by man and wife together, cause love beTime.']

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Pellitory of the Wall

Pfr

Pimpernel

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w inlcle

Pepp er-vror t

u a on

U Jlosf

KKI.l.-Y.

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LONDON.

1835'.

K

15.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

139

is a great; and Northamptonshire; as also near waterand mouth at in other places, courses both binder, stays bleeding be chewed, It flowers in June and July, and nose, if some of the leaves Time.~] j The French used it to stay women's courses. the seed is ripe in August. Government and virtues.] There is not Dioscorides, Galen, and jEgineta, comof fluxes and a straw to choose between this and St. lasks the* mend it against the wine. John's Wort, only St. Peter must have it, belly to be drank in lest he should want pot herbs ; It is of the same property of St. John's Wort, but someST. PETER'S WORT what weaker, and therefore more seldom IF Superstition had not been the father j used. Two drams of the seed taken at a of Tradition, as well as Ignorance the j time in honied water, purges choleric

tween them.

The Periwinkle

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Mother of Devotion, this herb, (as well as humours, (as saith Dioscorides, Pliny, and St. John's Wort) hath found some other Galen,) and thereby helps those that are name to be known by; but we may say of troubled with the sciatica. The leaves are our forefathers, as St. Paul of the Athenians, used as St. John's Wort, to help those I perceive in many things you are too si/per- places of the body that have been burnt Yet seeing it is come to pass, with fire, stitious. \

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that

custom

in

possession,! having got I shall! for the name, pleads prescription COMMON Pimpernel hath let it pass, and come to the description of; Descript] as follows. divers weak the herb, which take square stalks lying on the Descript] It rises up with square up- ground, beset all with two small and almost right stalks for the most part, some greater round leaves at every joint, one against i

j

John's Wort (and good another, very like Chickweed, but hath no reason too, St. Peter being the greater foot-stalks for the leaves, as it were, corn The flowers stand singly apostle, (ask the Pope else;) for though pase the stalk. God would have the saints equal, the Pope each by themselves at them and the stalk, is of another opinion,) but brown in the? consistingof five small round-pointed leaves, same manner, having two leaves at every of a pale red colour, tending to an orange, somewhat like, but larger, than St. with so many threads in the middle, in whose joint, John's Wort, and a little rounder pointed, places succeed smooth round heads, wherewith few or no holes to be seen thereon, and in is contained small seed. The root is

and higher than

St.

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having sometimes some smaller leaves rising small and fibrous, perishing every year, from the bosom of the greater, and socne^l Place] It grows almost every where times a little hairy also. At the tops of two as well in the meadows and corn-fields, j

{

stand many star-like flowers, with yellow threads in the middle, very like those of St. John's Wort, insomuch that this is hardly discerned from it, but only by the largeness and height, the seed being alike also in both. The root abides long, \ sending forth new shoots every year. stalks

j

as

by the way-sides, and

of

itself.

in gardens, arising

Time] It flowers from May until. April, and the seed ripens in the mean time, and falls.

Government and virtues] It is a gallant solar herb, of a cleansing attractive quality, whereby it draws forth thorns or splinters,

Place] It grows in many groves, and 5 small low woods, in divers places of this or other such like things gotten into the as in Kent, land, Huntingdon, Cambridge, flesh ; and put up into the nostrils, purges o o j

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

140

the'head ; and Galen saith also, they have along among the leaves; after which come a drying faculty, whereby they are good to; small and round husks. The root is small solder the lips of wounds, and to cleanse and woody, perishing every year, It grows more plentifully in The distilled water or juice is foul ulcers. PlaceJ] much esteemed by French dames Lo cleanse Kent than any other county of this land, as the skin from any roughness and defor- j namely, in many places on this side Dart\

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mity, or discolouring thereof ; being boiled in wine and given to drink, it is a good remedy against the plague, and other pesfevers, if the party after taking warm in his bed, and sweat for

tilential

be hours least.

after,

It

and use the same

it

along to Southfleet, Chatham, and Rochester, and upon Chatham down, hard j the Beacon, and half a mile from 1 by Rochester, in a field near a house called ford,

I

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twojSelesys.

for twice at

Time.']

j

helps

also

all

stingings

mad

It flowers

and gives seed

in the

and Summer months. |

Government and virtues.'] Mars owns the and applied outward- herb. The decoction of Ground Pine being- used inwardly, 1 also same The opens obstructions of drank, doth wonderfully prevail against the ly. the liver, and is very available against the | stranguary, or any inward pains arising It provokes urine, from the diseases of the reins and urine, infirmities of the reins and helps to expel the stone and gravel \ and is especially good for all obstructions of out of the kidneys and bladder, and helps the liver and spleen, and gently opens much in all inward pains and ulcers. The the body ; for which purpose they were decoction, or distilled water, is no less ef- wont in former times to make pills with the It iecf.ual to be applied to all wounds that are j powder thereof, and the pulp of figs. of or and the diseases the aiJ fresh and green, old, filthy, fretting, marvellously helps bitings of

venomous

beasts, or

dogs,

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running ulcers, which it very effectually mother, inwardly or outwardly applied, A little mixed procuring women's courses, and expelling cures in a short space. and with the juice, dropped into the eyes, | the dead child and after-birth yea, it is so cleanses them from cloudy mists, or thick powerful upon those feminine parts, that it films which grow over them, and hinder: is utterly forbidden for women with child, ; I

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the tooth-ache, being 'for it will cause abortion or delivery before dropped into the ear on a contrary side of the time. The decoction of the herb in It is also effectual to ease the wine taken inwardly, or applied outwardly, the pain. or both, for some time together, is also haemorrhoids or piles. of the pains effectual in all pains and diseases of the GROUND PINE. OR CHAMEPITYS. a at i cajand joints as gouts , cr mpSj pa]sieSj sc

the sight.

It helps

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OUR common Ground

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which purpose the pills made Descript.] seldom a hand's with rising above powder of Ground Pine, and of Hergrows low, breadlh high, shooting forth divers small modactyls with Venice Turpentine are very Pine aches; |

for

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branches, set with slender, small, long, nar-l row, greyish, or whitish leaves, somewhat hairy, and divided into three parts, many bushing together at a joint, some growing

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effectual.

The

pills

also,

continued

for

some

time, are special good for those that have the dropsy, jaundice, and for griping pains of the joints, belly, or inward parts It helps also all diseases of the brain, pro-

scatteringly upon the stalks, smelling some- | what strong, like unto rozin The flowers I ceeding of cold and phlegmatic humours are small, and of a pale yellow colour, | and distillations, as also for the falling sickgrowing from the joint of the stalk all { ness. It is a special remedy for the poison :

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

14J

of the aconites, and other poisonous herbs, j from the head, and stays all manner of as also against the stinging of any veno- fluxes, even women's courses, when hey

mous

creature. It is a good remedy for a cold cough, especially in the beginning. For all the purposes aforesaid, the herb j being tunned up in new drink and drank, is almost as effectual, but far more acceptable to weak and dainty stomachs. The distilled water of the herb hath the same

flow too abundantly. It is good to stay of blood and other spitting bleedings at the mouth, or the making of foul and bloody water, by reason of any ulcer in the reins or bladder, and also stays the too free It is held an especial bleeding of wounds. remedy for those that are troubled with the The conserve | phthisic, or consumption of the lungs, or effects, but more weakly. of the flowers doth the like, which Mat- ulcers of the lungs, or coughs that come of thiolus much commends against the palsy, heat. The decoction or powder of the or The green herb, or the decoction thereof, roots seeds, is much more binding for all the dissolves the harhness of being applied, purposes aforesaid than the leaves. women's breasts, and all other hard swell- Dioscorides saith, that three roots boiled in The wine and taken, helps the tertain agues, and ings in any other part of the body. green herb also applied, or the juice thereof! for the quartan agues, (but letting the numAvith some honey, not only cleanses putrid, ber pass as fabulous) I conceive the decocThe stinking, foul, and malignant ulcers and tion of divers roots may be effectual. sores of all sorts, but heals and solders up \ herb (but especially the seed) is held to be the lips of green wounds in any part also. profitable against the dropsy, the fallingLet pregnant women forbear, for it works sickness, the yellow jaundice, and stoppings reins. The roots of Planj of the liver and violently upon the feminine part. \

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PLANTA

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Tins grows

usually

in

and Pellitory of Spain, beaten into powder, and put into the hollow teeth, takes tain,

meadows and away j

the

pains

of them.

The

clarified

and by path sides, and is so well or distilled water, dropped into the [juice, it that needs no cools the inflammations in them, and known, description. eyes, It is in its beauty about June, takes ThfieJ] away the pin and web; and dropped and the seed ripens shortly after. i..to the ears, eases the pains in them, and Government and -virtues.~\ It is true, Mis- helps and removes the heat. The same aldus and others, yea, almost all astrology- also with the juice of Houseleek is profitable physicians, hold this to be an herb of Mars, against all inflammations and breakings out because it cures the diseases of the head of the skin, and against burnings and scaldand privities, which are under the houses tings by fire and water. The juice or deof Mars, Aries, and Scorpio The truth is, coction made either of itself, or other things it is under the command of Venus, and of the like nature, is of much use and good cures the head by antipathy to Mars, and effect for old and hollow ulcers that are hard the privities by sympathy to Venus; neither to be cured, and for cankers and sores in is there hardly a martial disease but it the mouth or privy parts of man or woman cures. and helps also the pains of the piles in the The juice of Plantain clarified and drank fundament. The juice mixed with oil ol for divers days together, either of itself, or roses, and the temples and forehead anointin other drink, prevails wonderfully against ed therewith, eases the pains of the head -all torments or excoriations in the intestines proceeding from heat, and helps lunatic or bowels, helps the distillations of rheum and frantic persons very much as also the fields,

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

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of serpents, or a mad dog. The! stone. The gum or leaves boiled in vineis to all hot -gar, and applied, kills tetters and ringprofitably applied Matthiolus saith, The oil pregouts in the feet or hands, especially in the; worms. It is also good to be applied served out of the kernels of the stones, as beginning. \vhere any bone is out of joint, to hinder oil of almonds is made, is good against the inflammations, swellings, and pains that I inflamed piles, the tumours or swellings of The powder of ulcers, hoarseness of the voice, roughness presently rise thereupon. the dried leaves taken in drink, kills worms of the tongue and throat, and likewise the of the belly; and boiled in wine, kills pains in the ears. And that five ounces worms that breed in old and foul ulcers. j of the said oil taken with one ounce of musOne part of Plantain water, and two parts; kadel, drives forth the stone, and helps the of the brine of powdered beef, boiled cholic. together and clarified, is a most sure remedy ; POLYPODY OF THE OAK. ,. t i ,1 10 heal all spreading scabs or itch in the* head and body, all manner of tetters, ringTHIS is a small herb consistDescript.~] all other the and of worms, nothing but roots and leaves, bearing shingles, running ing and fretting sores. Briefly, the Plantains ] neither stalk, flower, nor seed, as it is are singularly good wound herbs, to heal thought. It hath three or four leaves biting

sumc

also

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inward j rising from the root, every one single by or outward itself, of about a hand length, are winged, consisting of many small narrow leaves cut into the middle rib, standing on each ARE so Avell known that they need no side of the stalk, large below, and smallei description. iupto the top, not dented nor notched at Government and virtues.'] All Plums are the edges at all, as the male fern hath, of under Venus, and are like women, some sad green colour, and smooth on the uppei As there is great side, but on the other side somewhat rough better, and some worse. of so there is in the opera- by reason of some yellowish flowers set kinds, diversity tion of Plums, for some that are sweet thereon. The root is smaller than one's moistens the stomach, and make the belly little finger, lying aslope, or creeping along soluble those that are sour quench thirst! under the upper crust of the earth, brownand bind the belly; the moist andjish on the outside and greenish within, of more, waterish do sooner corrupt in the stomach, a sweetish harshness in taste, set Avith cerbut the firm do nourish more, and offend tain rough knags on each side thereof, The dried fruit sold by the grocers having also much mossiness or yellow hairless. under the names of Damask Prunes, do uness upon it, and some fibres underneath it, fresh or old

wounds or

sores, either

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somewhat loosen

the belly, and being! whereby it is nourished, often are It grows as well upon old rotten stewed, used, both in health and Place.'] sickness, to relish the mouth and stomach, j stumps, or trunks of trees, as oak, beech, to procure appetite, and a little to open hazel, willow, or any other, as in the woods the body, allay choler, and cool the! under them, and upon old mud walls, as stomach. Plum-tree leaves boiled in wine, | also in mossy, stony, and gravelly places are good to wash and gargle the mouth and near unto wood. That which grows upon j Chroat, to dry the flux of rheum coming to oak is accounted the best; but the quantity the, palate, gums, or almonds of the ear. > thereof is scarce sufficient for the common i

1

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The gum of

the tree

is

good

to

break the use ;

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. doth

be

much help

143

it and applied also to the nose, cures the disease called Poly pus, which any time. Government and virtues.'] Polypodium of jis a piece of flesh growing therein, which the Oak, that which grows upon the earth in time stops the passage of breath through that nostril it is an herb of Saturn, to purge and it helps those clefts or is best

Time.~\

It

being always green,

may

|

gathered for use at

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humour be otherwise, chops melancholy chuseyour Polypodium accordingly. Meuse toes, ;

if

the

\

come between

that

the fingers or

i

called the Physician's Evangelist for {* i j j , certainty or his medicines, and

(who i

the

is

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truth of his opinion) saith, That it dries up thin humours, digests thick and tough, and purges burnt choler, and especially tough and thick phlegm, and thin phlegm also, even from the joints, and therefore good for

j

those that are troubled with melancholy, or

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POPTAR UiS JrU Jr.LAlt

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JftJSJa*

THERE are two sorts of Poplars, which are most familiar with us, viz. the Black and White, both which I shall here describe unto you. The "White Poplar grows and reasonably high, covered with

DescriptJ\ great,

quartan agues, especially if it be taken in thick, smooth, white bark, especially the whey or honied water, or in barley-water, branches ; having long leaves cut into or the broth of a chicken with Epithymum, several divisions almost like a vine leaf, but It is good for not of so deep a green on the upper side, or with Beets and Mallows. and for pricking and hoary white underneath, of a reasonof the hardness the spleen, or stitches in the sides, as also forthecholic: able good scent, the whole form representSome use to put to it some Fennel seeds, or ing the form of Coltsfoot. The catkins Annis seeds, or Ginger, to correct that which it brings forth before the leaves, are loathing it brings to the stomach, which is long, and of a faint reddish colour, which more than needs, it being a safe and gentle fall away, bearing seldom good seed with medicine, fit for all persons, which daily them. The wood hereof is smooth, soft, experience confirms and an ounce of it and white, very finely waved, whereby it is may be given at a time in a decoction, if: much esteemed. The Black Poplar grows higher and there be not Sena, or some other strong dram with it. A or two of the straighter than the White, with a greyish purger put the dried of taken in roots, bark, bearing broad green leaves, somewhat powder fasting a cup of honied water, works gently, and like ivy leaves, not cut in on the edges like for the purposes aforesaid. The distilled the White, but whole and dented, ending water both of roots and leaves, is much in a point, and not white underneath, hangcommended for the quartan ague, to be ing by slender long foot stalks, which with taken for many days together, as also the air are continually shaken, like as the The catkins hereof are against melancholy, or fearful and trouble- Aspen leaves are. some sleeps or dreams and with some greater than those of the White, composed sugar-candy dissolved therein, is good of many round green berries, as if they against the cough, shortness of breath, and were set together in a long cluster, containwheezings, and those distillations of thin ing much downy matter, which being ripe, rheum upon the lungs, which cause phthi- is blown away with the wind. The clammy The buds hereof, before they spread into leaves, sicks, and oftentimes consumptions. fresh roots beaten small, or the powder of are gathered to make Unguentum and the dried roots mixed with honey, and ap- Populneum, and are of a yellowish green plied to the member that is out of joint, ! colour, and somewhat small, sweet, but p P j

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

144

The wood is smooth, tough, and strong. On both white, and easy to be cloven. these trees grows a sweet kind of musk, which in former times was used to put into sweet ointments. Place.']

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They grow

woods, and

four or five whitish green leaves lying upon the ground, which rise with the stalk, compassing it at the bottom of them, and are very large, much cut or torn on the The stalk, edges, and dented also besides which is usually four or five feet high, hath sometimes no branches at the top, and usually but two or three at most, bearing

first j 5

in moist

White and black of the Garden, and the Erratic Wild Poppy, or Corn Rose, The White Poppy hath at Descript.~\ the

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water-sides in sundry places of this land ;* yet the White is not so frequent as the other. ? Their time is likewise expressed ! Time.']

by

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before The catkins coming forth before j the leaves in the end of Summer. Saturn hath | every one but one head wrapped up in a Government and virtues.'] dominion over both. White Poplar, saith thin skin, which bows down before it is Galen, is of a cleansing property The ready to blow, and then rising, and being weight of an ounce in powder, of the bark broken, the flowers within it spreading itself thereof, being drank, saith Dioscorides, is open, and consisting of four very large, a remedy for those that are troubled with white, round leaves, with many whitish The juice [round threads in the middle, set about a the sciatica, or the stranguary. warm into the ears, small, round, green head, having a crown, of the leaves dropped The young j or star-like cover at the head thereof, which eases the pains in them. clammy buds or eyes, before they break growing ripe, becomes as large as a great out into leaves, bruised, and a little honey apple, wherein are contained a great numput to them, is a good medicine for a dull her of small round seeds, in several partiThe Black Poplar is held to Le;tions or divisions next unto the shell, the sight. more cooling than the White, and therefore middle thereof remaining hollow, and The whole plant, both leaves, the leaves bruised with vinegar and applied, empty. in drank seed and The heads, while they are fresh, vinegar, stalks, help the gout. is held good against the falling-sickness. young, and green, yield a milk when they The water that drops from the hollow places are broken, of an unpleasant bitter taste, of this tree, takes away warts, pushes, almost ready to provoke casting, and of a wheals, and other the like breakings-out of strong heady smell, which being condensed, The young Black Poplar buds, is called Opium. The root is white and the body. saith Matthiolus, are much used by women woody, perishing as soon as it hath given :

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to beautify their hair, bruising them with fresh butter, straining them after they have been kept for some time in the sun. The

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ointment called Populneon, which is made of this Poplar, is singularly good for all heat and "inflammations in any part of the; body, and tempers the heat of wounds. It is much used to dry up the milk of women's when they have weaned their breasts

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children.

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OF

this I shall

describe three kinds,

viz.

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ripe seed.

The Black Poppy former, until

it

baers

from the is which flower,

little differs its

less, and of a black purplish without any purple spots in the but colour, The head of the seed leaf. the bottom of is much less than the former, and opens itself a little round about the top, under the crown, so that the seed, which is very black, will fall out, if one turn the head

somewhat

thereof downward. The wild Poppy, or Corn Rose, hath long and narrow leaves, very much cut in on the

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENIARGED.

145

of a .ight green the Moon. The garden Poppy heads with edges into many divisions, stalk The withal. seeds made a syrup, is frequently, and into colour, sometimes hairy as so tall not to but is blackish and hairy also, good effect used to procure rest, arid | the garden kind, having some such like sleep, in the sick and weak, and to stay !

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leaves thereon to grow below, parted into three or four branches sometimes, whereon down begrow small hairy heads bowing fore the skin break, wherein the flower is inclosed, which

when

it is

fully

blown open,

is of a fair yellowish red or crimson colour, and in some much paler, without any spot in the bottom of the leaves, having many black soft threads in the middle, compass-

which when ing a small green head,

it is

not bigger than one's little finger's ripe, end, wherein is contained much black seeds The root smaller than that of the garden. and springs again of perishes every year, this kind there is one Of its own sowing, is

lesser in

nothing

all

parts thereof,

and

differs

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fields,

and

also

in

some

other places, but not so plentifully as the former. The garden kinds are usually Time.] sown in the spring, which then flower about

May, and somewhat of their own sowing.

earlier, if

and women's

belly,

heads, are usually boiled

poppy

in water,

and given

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sleep

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The empty

courses.

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to

rest and same man-

procure

so doth the leaves in the

as also if the head and temples be bathed with the decoction warm, or with the oil of Poppies, the green leaves or the heads bruised and applied with a little vinegar, or made into a poultice with barleymeal or hog's grease, cools and tempers

ner

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inflammations, as also the disease called Anthony's fire. It is generally used in treacle and mithridate, and in all other

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medicines that are

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well

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all

St.

after the flowering.

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made

to procure rest to ease pains in the head as

sleep, and as in other parts.

It is

also used to

cool inflammations, agues, or frenzies, or to stay defluxions which cause a cough, or consumptions, and also other fluxes of the belly or women's courses ; it is also put into hollow teeth, to ease the pain, and hath been found by experience to ease the pains

of the gout.

The Wild Poppy, \

when they weep, and that is somewhere beyond the seas, I know not where beyond

of the seed doth likeThe black seed boiled in wine, and drank, is said also to dry the flux of the oil

shells, or

they spring The wild kind flower usually from May until July, and the seed of them is ripe soon

Government and virtues.] The herb is Lunar, and of the juice of it is made opium; only for lucre of money they cheat you, and tell you it is a kind of tear, or some such like thing, that drops from Poppies

which the

voice, wise.

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natuall are rally grow wild in any place, but sown in gardens where they grow. The Wild Poppy or Corn Rose, is plenmuch so tifully enough, and many times too in the corn fields of all counties through this land, and also on ditch hanks, and by hedge sides. The smaller wild kind is also

the end of

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The garden kinds do not

found in corn

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in

else.

Place.~]

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catarrhs and defluxions of thin rheums from the head into the stomach and lungs, causing a continual cough, the fore-runner of a consumption ; it helps also hoarseness of the throat, and when one have lost their

or Corn Rose (as

Mat-

thiolus saith) is good to prevent the fallingsickness. The syrup made with the flower, is with good effect given to those that have the pleurisy ; and the dried flowers also,

either boiled in water, or made into powder and drank, either in the distilled water of

them, or some other drink, works the like effect. The distilled water of the flowers is held to be of much good use against surfeits, being drank evening and morning ;

THE COMPLETE HERBAL.

146

more cooling than any of the parts where pushes, wheals, pimples, St, other Poppies, and therefore cannot but Anthony's h're and the like, break forth be as effectual in hot agues, frenzies, and if a little vinegar be put to it, and laid to It

is

also

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other inflammations either inward or outward. Galen saith, The seed is dangerous to be used inwardly.

the neck, with as much of galls and linseed it takes \ together, away the pains therein, land the crick in the neck. The juice s uset^ w ^ f roses * r tne same caus es, \ or for blasting by lightening, and {

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PURSLAIN

^

burnings Purslain (being used as a sal- by gunpowder, or for women's sore breasts, j lad herb) is so well known that it needs no and to allay the heat in all other sores or | description; I shall therefore only speak of hurts ; applied also to the navels of children that stick forth, it helps them ; it is its virtues as follows. 'Tis an herb of also Government and virtues."] good for sore mouths and gums that j in heat to cool is It are the Moon. any swollen, and to fasten loose teeth. good j the liver, blood, reins, and stomach, and in Camerarius saith, the distilled water used hot agues nothing better It stays hot and by some, took away the pain of their teeth, j choleric fluxes of the belly, women's courses, j when all other remedies failed, and the the whites, and gonorrhaea, or running of thickened juice made into pills with the the reins, the distillation from the head, j powder of gum Tragicanth and Arabic, and pains therein proceeding from heat, j being taken, prevails much to help those want of sleep, or the frenzy. The seed is that make bloody water. Applied to the more effectual than the herb, and is of sin- gout it eases pains thereof, and helps the heat and sharp- j hardness of the sinews, if it come not of the gular good use to cool the ness of urine, venereous dreams, snd the { cramp, or a cold cause. like ; insomuch that the over frequent use j hereof extinguishes the heat and vitue of The seed bruised and j THEY are so well known, that they need natural procreation. Of the leaves of Primroses boiled in wine, and given to children, ex- \ no description. of the herb is j is made as fine a salve to heal wounds as The worms. the juice pels held as effectual to all the purposes afore- \ any that I know; you shall be taught to as also to stay vomitings, and taken make salves of any herb at the latter end of said with some sugar or honey, helps an old and the book make this as you are taught dry cough, shortness of breath, and the * there, and do not (you that have any in-

GARDEN

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phthisick,

The

and

stays

immoderate

thirst,

water of the herb is used by (as the more pleasing) with a little

distilled

many

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genuity in you) see your poor neighbours go with wounded limbs when an halfpenny cost will heal them.

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The juice \ effects. sugar to work the same also is singularly good in the inflammations { and ulcers in the serect parts of man or j woman, as also the bowels and hemorrhoids, | when they are ulcerous, or excoriations in them. The herb bruised and applied to the forehead and temples, allays excessive heat { !

therein, that hinders rest applied to the eyes, takes

and sleep

;

and

away the redness and inflammation in them, and those other

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Descript.']

ed up with

OUR common many

Privet is carnslender branches to a

reasonable height and breadth, to cover arbours, bowers and banquetting houses, and brought, wrought, and cut into so many forms, of men, horses, birds, &c. which though at first supported, grows afterwards It bears strong of itself. long and narrow

PLATi:

Queen

Cl I-SK KOI

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of the

Me a dc

Ra t tie Grass

Rapture "Wort

KELLY.

l.o.NiDON

Me a d.o"w Rue

KIM

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Snl'froi

16

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

1

17

the couples, and sweet! (as Agrimony hath) somewhat deeply dented green leaves by flowers in tufts at the end of about the edges, of a sad green colour on white smelling the branches, which turn into small black the upper side, and greyish underneath, berries that have a purplish juice with them, of a pretty sharp scent and taste, somewhat and some seeds that are flat on the one Hike unto the Burnet, and a leaf hereof put of claret wine, gives also a fine into a side, with a hole or dent therein cup relish to it. At the tops of the stalks and in divers It grows in this land, Place.'] branches stand many tufts of small white woods. j

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Privet flowers in June and Time] in August and July, the berries are ripe

Our

September. Government and virtues] The Moon is ladvofthis. It is little used in physic with us in these times, more than in lotions, to

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flowers thrust thick together, which smell much sweeter than the leaves ; and in their

being

places,

cornered

fallen,

seed.

The

come crooked and root is somewhat

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woody, and blackish on the outside, and

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brownish within, with divers great

strings,

and sore mouths, and to cool land lesser fibres set thereat, of a strong scent, Yet but nothing so pleasant as the flowers and inflammations, and dry up fluxes. Matthiolus saith, it serves all the uses for leaves, and perishes not, but abides many which Cypress, or the East Privet, is ap-j years, shooting forth a-new every Spring, It grows in moist meadows Hej Place] pointed by Dioscorides and Galen. of that is made lie further saith, That the oil that mostly wet, or near the courses ol the flowers of Privet infused therein, and water. It flowers in some places or set in the Sun, is singularly good for the inTime.'] all other the for the headthree Summer months, that is, and flammations of wounds, There is a- June, July, and August, and the seed is ache, coming of a hot cause. sweet water also distilled from the flowers, ripe soon after. Government and -virtues.] Venus claims that is good for all those diseases that need over the herb. It is used to stay cooling and drying, and therefore helps all dominion

wash

sores

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fluxesof the belly or stomach, bloody-fluxes, jail manner of bleedings, fluxes, vomitings, and women's courses, being either drank or land women's courses, also their whites: applied ; as all those that void blood at the It is said to alter and take away the fits of mouth, or any other place, and for distilla-i the quartan agues, and to make a merry j

tions of

rheum

in the eyes, especially if

be used with them.

it

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heart,

for

which

purpose

and some the

some use

leaves.

the

It helps those that are troubled with the speedily cholic w boiled in ADO and with a THE ME OF ; MEADOWS, QUEEN wine, being little taken it SWEET. the warm, SWEET, OR MEAD honey, belly ; opens but boiled in red wine, and drank, it stays Outwardly applied, Descript] THE stalks of these are red- the flux of the belly. dish, rising to be three feet high, sometimes | it helps old ulcers that are cankerous, or four or five feet, having at the joints thereof hollow fistulous, for which it is by many large winged leaves, standing one above ;much commended, as also for the sores in another at distances, consisting of many I the mouth or secret parts. The leaves when and somewhat broad leaves, set on each they are full grown, being laid on the skin, side of a middle rib, being hard, rough, or will, in a short time, raise blisters thereon, rugged, crumpled much like unto elm leaves, as Tragus saith. The water thereof helps having also some smaller leaves with them the heat and imflammation in the eyes. I

flowers,

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

148

for

THE QUINCE TREE.

THE ordinary Quince Tree Descript.] often to the height and bigness of a

jir

more

watery humours, forcible to

Scammony

;

but

bind, use the unripe

Quinces, with roses and acacia, hypocistis, terrified rhubarb. To take the j grows reasonable apple tree, but more usually crude juice of Quinces, is held a preservalower, and crooked, with a rough bark, live against the force of deadly poison; for spreading arms, and branches far abroad, jit hath been found most certainly true, that The leaves are somewhat like those of the: the very smell of a Quince hath taken away apple tree, but thicker, broader, and full of all the strength of the poison of white HelleIf there be need of any outwardly veins, and whiter on the under side, not bore. dented at all about the edges. The flowers binding and cooling of hot fluxes, the oil are large and white, sometimes dashed over of Quinces, or other medicines that may be The fruit that follows is yel-jmade thereof, are very available to anoint with ablush. near it likelow, being ripe, and covered with a \ the belly or other parts therewith on the white freeze, or cotton ; thick set wise strengthens the stomach and belly, to and less as and the sinews that are loosened by sharp they grow growing younger, be thorough ripe, bunched out oftentimes humours falling on them, and restrains in some places, some being like an apple, immoderate sweatings. The muscilage taken and some a pear, of a strong heady scent, \ from the seeds of Quinces, and boiled in a and not durable to keep, and is sour, harsh, | little water, is very good to cool the heat and of an unpleasant taste to eat fresh and heal the sore breasts of women. The but being scalded, roasted, baked, or pre-jsame, with a little sugar, is good to lenify the harshness and hoarseness of the throat, served, becomes more pleasant. Place and Time.~\ It best likes to grow and roughness of the tongue. The cotton near ponds and water sides, and is frequent! or down of Quinces boiled and applied to through this land and flowers not until plague sores, heals them up and laid as a the leaves be come forth. The fruit is ripe; plaister, made up with wax, it brings hair in September or October. to them that are bald, and keeps it from Saturn and Government Old to shed. virtues.'] falling, if it be ready :

and some

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owns the Tree. i

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green, help

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all

Quinces when they are! c sorts or

A

fluxes in

men

or:

RADDISH, OR HORSE-R ADDISH.

THE

garden Raddish is so well known, whatever needs astriction, more than any that it needs no description. The Horse-Raddish hath its way prepared by fire ; yet the syrup of the Descript.~] or the conserve, are much conducible, first leaves, that rise before Winter, about a juice, much of the binding quality being con- J foot and a half long, very much cut in or sumed by the fire if a little vinegar be torn on the edges into many parts, of a dark added, it stirs up the languishing appetite, green colour, with a great rib in the middle; and the stomach given to casting some after these have been up a while, others broader spices being added, comforts and strengthens follow, which are greater, rougher, at first, not divided and the decaying and fainting spirits, and helps and longer, whole the liver oppressed, that it cannot perfect but only somewhat rougher dented about

women, and

choleric lasks,

casting,

and*

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the digestion, or corrects choler and phlegm, the edges ; the stalks when it bears flowers If you would have them purging, put honey (which is seldom) is great, rising up with to them instead of sugar; and if more laxa-1 some few lesser leaves thereon, to three or tive, for choler, Rhubarb ; for phlegm, Tur- 1 four feet high, spreading at the top many j

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

149

k

small branches of whitish flowers, made of tour leaves a-piece after which come small pods, like those of Shepherd's Purse, but j seldom with any seed in them. The root is |

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great, long, white and rugged, shooting up divers heads of leaves, which may be parted for increase, but it doth not creep in the

on the ground, very much on the sides in many places from among which rise up sometimes but one, and sometimes two or three square or leaves lying rent and torn

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crested blackish or brownish stalks, three or four feet high, sometimes branched, bearing divers such-like leaves upon them, and is of ajat several distances upon the top, where it nor run above ground, ground, strong, sharp, and bitter taste almost like \ branches forth into many stalks bearing mustard. yellow flowers, consisting of divers leaves, a pale or border, with a dark yellow is found wild in some It Place.'] places, set as >

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but is chiefly planted in gardens, and joys thrum in the middle, which do abide a in moist and shadowy places. great while, but at last are turned into down, and with the small blackish grey seed, are It seldom but when it flowers, Time.'] is in carried away with the wind. The root is it doth, July. Government and virtues.'] They are both made of many fibres, whereby it is firmly under Mars. The juice of Horse-raddish fastened into the ground, and abides many given to drink, is held to be very effectual years. for the scurvy. It kills the worms in chilThere is another sort, thereof differs from dren, being drank, and also laid upon the the former only in this, that it rises not so The root bruised and laid to the high ; the leaves are not so finely jagged, belly. place grieved with the sciatica, joint-ache, nor of so dark a green colour, but rather or the hard swellings of the liver and spleen, somewhat whitish, soft and woolly, and the doth wonderfully help them all. The dis- flowers usually paler. tilled water of the herb and root is more Placed] They grow, both of them, wild in familiar to be taken with a little sugar for pastures, and untilled grounds in many all the purposes aforesaid. places, and oftentimes both in one field. Garden Raddishes are in wantonness by They flower in June and July, Time.'] the gentry eaten as a sallad, but and seed the is they breed ripe in August. but scurvy humours in the stomach, and Government and virtues.^ Ragwort is the and under then the command of send Dame fora blood, corrupt Venus, and phy-l sician as fast as you can this is one cause cleanses, digests, and discusses. The clewhich makes the owners of such nice palates icoction of the herb is good to wash the so unhealthful ; yet for such as are troubled mouth or throat that hath ulcers or sores with the gravel, stone, or and for swellings, hardness, or stoppage of urine, therein i

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they are good physic, if the body be strong imposthumes, for it thoroughly cleanses and that takes them ; you may make the juice j heals them ; as also the quinsy, and the of the roots into a syrup if you please, for king's evil. It helps to stay catarrhs, thin that use they purge by urine exceedingly, j rheums, and defluxions from the head into the eyes, nose, or lungs. The juice is found j RAT 'a T to be by experience singularly good to heal IT is called also St. James'-wort, and to cleanse and heal and wounds, \ green ;

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Stagger-wort, and Stammer- wort, and Se- jail old and filthy ulcers in the privities, and in other parts of the body, as also inward grum. The common Descript.] greater Ragwort wounds and ulcers stays the malignity of hath many large and dark long, green fretting and running cankers, and hollow \ ; '

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

150

not suffering them to spread farThey grow in meadows and Place.] much commended to help woods generally through this land. aches and pains either in the fleshy part, or? They are in flower from MidTime.] in the nerves and sinews, as also the sciatica, summer until August be past, sometimes. or pain of the hips or knuckle-bone, to Government and virtues.] They are both bathe the places with the decoction of the of them under the dominion of the Moon, herb, or to -anoint them with an ointment The Red Rattle is accounted profitable to made of the herb bruised and boiled in old heal up fistulas and hollow ulcers, and to hog's suet, with some Mastick and Olibanum stay the flux of humours in them, as also in powder added unto it after it is strained! the abundance of women's courses, or any i other fluxes of In Sussex we call it Ragweed. forth. blood, being boiled in red I wine, and drank. The yellow Rattle, or Cock's Comb, is OF this there are two kinds which I shall held to be good for those that are troubled with a cough, or dimness of sight, if the speak of, viz. the red and yellow. The common hath Red Rattle herb, being boiled with beans, and some Descript.] sundry reddish, hollow stalks, and some- honey put thereto, be drank or dropped into times green, rising from the root, lying for 5 the eyes. The whole seed being put into the most part on the ground, some growing i the eyes, draws forth any skin, dimness or more upright, with many small reddish or [film, from the sight, without trouble, or green leaves set on both sides of a middle pain, The! rib, finely dented about the edges: REST HARROW ' OR CAMMOCK. flowers stand at the tops of thettalks and COMMON Rest Harrow rises branches, of a fine purplish red colour, like; Descript.] small gaping hooks; after which come up with divers rough woody twigs half a blackish seed in small husks, which lying yard or a yard high, set at the joints without loose therein, will rattle with shaking. The; order, with little roundish leaves, sometimes root consists of two or three small whitish more than two or three at a place, of a thorns while strings with some fibres thereat. jdark green colour, without The common Yellow Rattle hath seldom {they are young; but afterwards armed in above one round great stalk, rising from sundry places, with short and sharp thorns, the foot, about half a yard, or two feet high, jThe flowers come forth at the tops of the and but few branches thereon, having two twigs and branches, whereof it is full long and somewhat broad leaves set at a fashioned like pease or broom blossoms, but joint, deeply cut in on the edges, resembling lesser, flatter, and somewhat closer, of a the comb of a cock, broadest next to the! faint purplish colour; after which come The flowers i small pods containing small, flat, round stalk, and smaller to the end. at the of the The root is blackish on the outside, stalks, with some seed grow tops shorter leaves with them, hooded after the and whitish within, very rough, and hard same manner that the others are, but of a j to break when it is fresh and green, and as fair yellow colour, or in some paler, and in hard as an horn when it is dried, thrusting j some more white. The seed is contained down deep into the ground, and spreading fistulas,

ther.

It is also

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in large husks, and being ripe, will rattle or make a noise with lying loose in them.

The

root

is

every year.

small and

slender,

every piece being apt to grow if it be left in the ground. } again It grows in many places of this perishing! Place.] as well in the arable as waste ground;land, |

likewise,

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

J5I

about the beginning; have; of a sad green colour, from among is ripe in which rise up divers stalks two or three feet high, sometimes set with the like leaves, August. but smaller and smaller upwards, branched the under is Government and virtues.'] It dominion of Mars. It is singularly good from the middle into divers stiff' stalks, Time.']

It flowers

or middle of July, and the seed

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and to bearing sundry yellow flowers on them, provoke urine when it is stopped, which the made of four leaves a-piece, as the others the forth and drive break stone, in wine taken root are, which afterwards yield them small redpowder of the bark of the Matthiolus saith, dish seed, in small long pods, of a more performs effectually. The same helps the disease called Herma bitter and hot biting taste than the garden to

\ !

Carwosa, the fleshy rupture, by taking the kinds, as the leaves are also. It is found wild in divers said powder for three months together conPlace.'] places of land. this it hath cured some which that and stantly, It flowers about June or seemed incurable by any other means than Time.'] July, the is and seed decoction The or ripe in August. burning. by cutting \

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Government and virtues.'] The wild Rockets are forbidden to be used alone, in regard their sharpness fumes into the head, causing aches and pains therein, and are less hurtful to hot and choleric persons, foi distilled water in Balneo Maria, fear of inflaming their blood, and therefore A parts. with four pounds of the root hereof first! for such we may say a little doth but a sliced small, and afterwards steeped in a little harm, for angry Mars rules them, and is singularly good j he sometimes will be restive when he meets gallon of Canary wine, The wild Rocket is more strong for all the purposes aforesaid, and to cleanse with fools. The powder of the and effectual to increase sperm and venethe urinary passages. said root made into an electuary, or lozenges, rous qualities, whereunto all the seed is with sugar, as also the bark of the fresh more effectual than the garden kind. It roots boiled Lender, and afterwards beaten serves also to help digestion, and provokes to a conserve with sugar, works the like urine exceedingly. The seed is used to cure The powder of the roots strewed the biting of serpents, the scorpion, and the effect. brims of ulcers, or mixed with shrew mouse, and other poisons, and expels the upon any other convenient thing, and applied, worms, and other noisome creatures that The herb boiled or consumes the hardness, and causes them to I breed in the belly.

thereof made with some vinegar, gargled in the mouth, eases the tooth-ache, especially when it comes of rheum ; and the said decoction is very powerful to open obstructions of the liver and spleen, and other

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stewed, and some sugar put thereto, helps the cough o in children, being O taken often. Tt O O K" T? T The seed also taken in drink, takes away | IN regard the Garden Rocket is rather the ill scent of the arm-pits, increases milk used as a sallad herb than to any physical \ in nurses, and wastes the spleen. The seed purposes, I shall omit it, and only speak mixed with honey, and used on the face, of the common wild Rocket. The des- cleanses the skin from morphew, and used with vinegar, takes away freckles and redcription whereof lake as follows. j The common wild ness in the face, or other parts; and with Rocket! Descript.~] has longer and narrower leaves, much more the gall of an ox, it mends foul scars, black divided into slender cuts and jags on both land blue spots, and the marks of the small sides the middle rib than the garden kinds pox.

heal the better.

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

152

hav

WINTER-ROCKET, OR CRESSES.

authors

made

with Roses!

What

a

I

{racket have they kept? I shall add, red or WinterRoses are under Jupiter, Damask under WiNTER-Rocket, Descript.'] hath divers somewhat sad Cresses, Venus, White under the Moon, and Prolarge green leaves lying upon the ground, torn or} vence under the King of France. The cut in divers parts, somewhat like unto white and red Roses are cooling and dryRocket or turnip leaves, with smaller pieces |ing, and yet the white is taken to exceed next the bottom, and 'broad at the ends, the red in both the properties, but is seldom which so abide all the Winter (if it spring! used inwardly in any medicine The bitup in Autumn, when it is used to be eaten) terness in the Roses when they are fresh, from among which rise up divers small! especially the juice, purges choler, and round stalks, full of branches, bearing many watery humours; but being dried, and that small yellow flowers of four leaves a-piece, heat which caused the bitterness being conafter which come small pods, with reddish sumed, they have then a binding and as\

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The

somewhat

Those also that are not cool and bind more do both blown, perishes every year than those that are full blown, and the ripe. It grows of its own accord in white Rose more than the Red. The decocPlace.'] and fields, by the way -sides, in tion of red Roses made with wine and used, gardens divers places, and particularly in the next is very good for the head-ache, and pains pasture to the Conduit-head behind Gray's in the eyes, ears, throat, and gums as also Inn, that brings water to Mr. Lamb's con- for the fundament, the lower part of the duit in Holborn. belly and the matrix, being bathed or put It flowers in May, seeds in June, into them. The same decoction with the Time.'] and then perishes. Roses remaining in it, is profitably applied seed in them.

root

is

and

stringy, after the seed is

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tringent quality

:

full

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Government and

This

pro- to the region of the heart to ease the infi table to provoke urine, to help stranguary, j flammation therein as also St. Anthony's and expel gravel and stone. It is good for fire, and other diseases of the rtcomach. the scurvy, and found by experience to be Being dried and beaten to powder, and a singularly good wound herb to cleanse in- taken in steeled wine or water, it helps to ward wounds the juice or decoction being! stay women's courses. The yellow threads drank, or outwardly applied to wash fou'lin the middle of the Roses (which are virtues.']

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and sores, cleansing them by shai pand hindering or abating tne dead from growing therein, and healing them by their drying quality.

ulcers ness, flesh

erroneously called

|

powdered and drank

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ROSES

the

j

Rose Seed) being

in the distilled water

of Quinces,staystheoverflowingof women's courses, and doth wonderfully stay the defluctions of rheum upon the gums and teeth,

from corruption, and preserving them if they be loose, being fastening them washed and gargled therewith, and some The heads vinegar of Squills added thereto. in used with the seed being powder, or in ar decoction, stays the lask and spitting o Red Roses do strengthen the hearl blood. the stomach and the liver, and the retena pother [ tive faculty They mitigate the pains that |

HOLD

altogether needless to trouble J the reader with a description of any of these, | since both the garden Roses, and the Roses of the briars are well enough known take; therefore the virtues of them as follows And first I shall begin with the garden kinds. I

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Govemment and

virtues.]

What

:

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. from heal, assuage inflammations, of mastich, is very good for the gonorrhea, procure rest and sleep, stay both whites and for the looseness of the humours in the and reds in women, the gonorrhea, or runn- body. The old Conserve mixed with Aroing of the reins, and fluxes of the belly the maticum Rosarum, is a very good cordial juice of them doth purge and cleanse the; against faintings, swoonings, weakness, body from choler and phlegm. The husks and tremblings of the heart, strengthens, of the Roses, with the beards and nails of both it and a weak stomach, helps digesiv ii H and is a very and the V/ T CL\J\S\A. IJL\^ are \s UJ.1.J&1 til bMV tion, l

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

154

nose and temples moistened therewith, but usually to moisten a piece of a red j Rose-cake, cut for the purpose, and heated between a double folded cloth, with a little beaten nutmeg, and poppy-seed strewed on the side that must lie next to the forehead i

more

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and temples, and bound

so thereto

The ointment

all

night.

*

pound syrup is more forcible in working on melancholic humours; and available against the leprosy, itch, tetters, &c. and the French disease : Also honey of Roses solutive is

made of is made effect,

same infusions that the syrup and therefore works the same of, both opening and purging, but is the

of Roses is much used against oftener given to phlegmatic than choleric heat and inflammations in the head, toanoint persons, and is more used in clysters than the forehead and temples, and being mixt in potions, as the syrup made with sugar is. with Unguentum Populnetim, to procure rest: The conserve and preserved leaves of those it is also used for the heat of the liver, the; Roses are also operative in gently opening back and reins, and to cool and heal pushes, the belly. The simple water of Damask Roses is wheals, and other red pimples rising in the \ face or other parts. Oil of Roses is not chiefly used for fumes to sweeten things, as only used by itself to cool any hot swell- the dried leaves thereof to make sweet powings or inflammations, and to bind and stay ders, and fill sweet bags; and little use fluxes of humours unto sores, but is also they are put to in physic, although they put into ointments and plaisters that are have some purging quality ; the wild Roses cooling and binding, and restraining the i also are few or none of them used in physic, The dried leaves of the* but are generally held to come near the flux of humours. red Roses are used both inwardly and out- nature of the manured Roses. The fruit of wardly, both cooling, binding, and cordial, the wild briar, which are called Hips, being for with them are made both Aromaticum, \ thoroughly ripe, and made into a conserve Rosarum, Diarrhoden Abbatis, and Saccha-\\viih sugar, besides the pleasantness of the rum Rosarum, each of whose properties are taste, doth gently bind the belly, and stay Rose leaves and mint, defluctions from the head upon the stomach, before declared. heated and applied outwardly to the drying up the moisture thereof, and helps stomach, stays castings, and very much digestion. The pulp of the hips dried into strengthen a weak stomach and applied a hard consistence, like to the juice of the as a fomentation to the region of the liver liquorice, or so dried that it may be made and heart, do much cool and temper them, into powder and taken into drink, stays and also serve instead of a Rose-cake (as is speedily the whites in women. The briar said before) to quiet the over-hot spirits, ball is often used, being made into powder and cause rest and sleep. The syrup of and drank, to break the stone, to provoke Damask Roses is both simpleand compound, J urine when it is stopped, and to ease and and made with Agaric. The simple solutive | help the cholic; some appoint it to be syrup is a familiar, safe, gentle and easy burnt, and then taken for the same purpose, medicine, purging choler, taken from one In the middle of the balls are often found ounce to three or four, yet this is remarkable certain white worms, which being dried and herein, that the distilled water of this syrup j made into powder, and some of it drank, should notably bind the belly. The syrup is found by experience of many to kill and with Agaric is more strong and effectual, for j drive forth the worms of the belly, one ounce thereof by itself will open the body more than the other, and works as 1 j ;

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much on phlegm

as

choler.

The com-*

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. ROSA SOLIS, OR SUN DFW. IT

is

likewise called Red-rot, and

156

ROSEMARY. Youth-

i:

wort.

*

Desm/tf.] It hath, divers small, round, hollow leaves somewhat greenish, but full

i

OUR

garden Rosemary is so well that I need not describe it. It flowers in Time.'] April and

known,

May with sometimes in us, again August, of'j certain red hairs, which make them seem Government and virtues.'] The Sun claims* red, every one standing upon his own foot- privilege in it, and it is under the celestial The leavesJRam. It is an herb of as great use with us stalk, reddish, hairy likewise. are continually moist in the hottest day, in these days as any whatsoever, not only The phyyea, the hotter the sun shines on them, the for physical but civil purposes. rnoister they are, with a sliminess that will sical use of it (being my present task) is small the hairs we much used both for inward and outward say,) always (as very rope t

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Among these leaves diseases, for by the warming and comfortholding the moisture. reddish slender also, three or ing heat thereof it helps all cold diseases, stalks, up four fingers high, bearing divers small white both of the head, stomach, liver, and belly, knobs one above another, which are flowers The decoction thereof in wine, helps the after which in the heads are contained cold distillations of rheurn into the eyes, small seeds. The root is a few small hairs, and all other cold diseases of the head and in It and brain, as the giddiness or swimmings grows usually bogs Place.] in moist and sometimes woods. wet places, therein, drowsiness or dullness of the mind in the It flowers and leaves and senseslike a stupidness, the dumb palsy, June, Time.'] are then fittest to be gathered. or loss of speech, the lethary, and fallenGovernment and virtues.'] The Sun rules ] sickness, to be both drank, and the temples it is under the Rose bathed therewith. It helps the pains in the it, and sign Cancer. Solis is accounted good to help those that gums and teeth, by rheum falling into them, have a salt rheum distilling on their lungs, not by putrefaction, causing an evil smell which breeds a consumption, and there- from them, or a stinking breath. It helps j fore the distilled water thereof in wine is | a weak memory, and quickens the senses, held fit and profitable for such to drink, It is very comfortable to the stomach in all which water will be of a good yellow colour, j the cold griefs thereof, helps both retention The same water is held to be good for all of meat, and digestion, the decoction 01 other diseases of the lungs, as phthisicks, powder being taken in wine. It is a remedy of breath, or the cough ; for the windiness in the stomach, bowels, wheezings, shortness as also to heal the ulcers that happen in the and spleen, and expels it It powerfully. and it comforts the heart and faintthose that are lungs helps liver-grown, by openIt helps dim ing spirits. The leaves, outwardly applied ing the obstructions thereof. will raise which to the skin has { eyes, and procures a clear sight, the flowers blisters, caused some to think it dangerous to be j thereof being taken all the while it is flowertaken inwardly but there are other things ing every morning fasting, with bread and which will also draw blisters, yet nothing salt. Both Dioscorides and Galen say, is to taken There be if a decoction be made thereof with That inwardly. dangerous an usual drink made thereof with aqua vitae water, and they that have the yellow jaunand spices frequently, and without any dice exercise their bodies directly after the j offence or danger, but to good purpose taking thereof, it will certainly cure them, used in qualms and passions of the heart, The flowers and conserve made of them, !

rise

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

156

are singularly good to comfort the heart, pursued its virtues, you will conclude it and to ex pel the contagion of the pestilence; $ nothing inferior to that which is brought to burn the herb in houses and chambers, out of China, and by that time this hath j Both the flowers I been as much used as that hath been, the corrects the air in them. and leaves are very profitable for women name which the other hath gotten will be that are troubled with the whites, if they be j eclipsed by the fame of this ; take theredaily taken. The dried leaves shred small, fore a description at large of it as follows : At the first appearing out of and taken in a pipe, as tobacco is taken, Descript.~\ 11 ,1,1 l_il_i * A -__!__ *__.__* the when have the winter is past, it hath that those ground, any cough, phthisic, helps or consumption, by warming and drying a great round brownish head, rising from the thin distillations which cause those dis- the middle or sides of the root, which opens The leaves are very much used in itself into sundry leaves one after another, eases. bathings ; and made into ointments or oil, very much crumpled or folded together at but afterwards it are singularly good to help cold benumbed the first, and brownish The chymical spreads itself, and becomes smooth, very joints, sinews, or members. oil drawn from the leaves and flowers, is a large and almost round, every one standing on a brownish stalk of the thickness of a sovereign help for all the diseases aforesaid, j to touch the temples and nostrils with two Oman's thumb, when they are grown to their or three drops for all the diseases of the \ fulness, and most of them two feet and head and brain spoken of before as also i more in length, especially when they grow ro take one drop, two, or three, as the case \ in any moist or good ground ; and the Yet must it [ stalk of the leaf, from the bottom thereof to tequires, for the inward griefs be done with discretion, for it is very quick ? the leaf itself, being also two feet, the breadth and piercing, and therefore but a little must thereof from edge to edge, in the broadest -* - ' il * be taken at a time. There is also another place, being also two feet, of a sad or dark oil made by insolation in this manner green colour, of a fine tart or sourish taste, Take what quantity you will of the flowers, much more pleasant than the garden or and put them into a strong glass close wood sorrel. From among these rise up stopped, tie a fine linen cloth over the some, but not every year, strong thick mouth, and turn the mouth down into stalks, not growing so high as the Patience, another strong glass, which being set in the or garden Dock, with such round leaves as sun, an oil will distil down into the lower grow below, but small at every joint up to as precious for divers the top, and among the flowers, which are glass, to be preserved 5

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both inward and outward, asa sovereign balm to heal the disease before-mentioned, to clear dim sights, and to take away spots,

white, spreading forth into many branches, consisting of five or six small leaves a-piece,

uses,

marks, and

scars in the skin.

RHUBARB, OR KEPHONTIC.

hardly to be discerned from the white threads in the middle, and seeming to be all threads, after which come brownish three square seeds, like unto other Docks, but it may be | larger, whereby plainly known to be a Dock. The root grows in time to be very great, with divers and sundry great branches from it, of a dark j spreading brownish or reddish colour on the outside, a pale yellow skin under it, which \ having covers the inner substance or root, which \ :

I

Do know

How

not start, and say, This grows you not how far off and then ask me, :

it

comes

to

pass that I bring

among For though the name it

our English simples ? may speak it foreign, yet it grows with us in England, and that frequent enough in our gardens ; and when you have thoroughly

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. of the

rind and skin being pared away, the root appears of so fresh and lively a colour, with fresh coloured veins running through it, that the choicest of that Rhubarb that is brought us from beyond the seas cannot excel it, which root, if it be dried carefully, and as it ought (which must be in our country by the gentle heat of a fire, in regard the sun is not hot enough here to do it,

stalks being divided into

many small bear reddish or purplish flowers, branches, and three-square seed, like unto other

Docks. The root is long, great and yellow, unto the wild Docks, but a little redder; and if it be a little dried, shews less store of like

j

(

discoloured veins than the other does it is

when

dry.

GREAT ROUND-LEAVED DOCK, OR BASTARD RHUBARB.

and every piece kept from touching one

colour almost as well when it is fresh, and has been approved of, and commended by those who have oftentimes used them. another) will hold

157

its

THIS has divers large, round DescriptJ] thin yellowish green leaves rising from the root, a little waved about the edges, everv

as

one standing upon a reasonably thick and long brownish footstalk, from among which rises up a pretty big stalk, about two feet with some such high, high leaves growing and kept all the year following, are not to thereon, but smaller at the top whereof be taken up before the stalk and leaves be stand in a long spike many small brownish quite turned red and gone, and that is not j flowers, which turn into a hard three square until the middle or end of October, and if shining brown seed, likethe garden Patience be a the before taken little before described. leaves do The root they grows greater spring, or when they are sprung up, the thau that, with many branches or great roots will not have half so good a colour in fibres thereat, yellow on the outside, and them. somewhat pale yellow within, with some I have given the precedence unto this, discoloured veins like to the Rhubarb which j because in virtues also it hath the pre-emi- is first described, but much less than it, nence. I come now to describe unto you especially when it is dry. that which is called Patience, or Monk's Place and Time.~] These also grow in Rhubarb and the next unto that, the great gardens, and flower and seed at or near the round-leaved Dock, or Bastard Rhubarb, same time that our true Rhubarb doth, viz. for the one of these may happily supply in they flower in June, and the seed is ripe in the absence of the other, being not much July. unlike in their virtues, only one more Government and virtues.'] Mars claims and efficacious than the over other. all these wholesome powerful predominancy And lastly, shall shew you the virtues of all herbs You cry out upon him for an un1.1 11. It grows in gardens, and flowers Place.~\ about the beginning and middle of June, and the seed is ripe in July. The roots that are to be dried Time.']

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the three sorts.

^

GARDEN-PATIENCE, OR

MONK

S

RHU-_ | '

BARB.

fortunate,

*

S~t

-t

when God

created him for your

good (only he is angry with fools.) dishonour is this, not to Mars, but

What God

to

A dram of the dried root of Monk's Rhubarb, with a scruple of Ginger made into powder, and taken fasting in a himself.

Descript.']

THIS

is

a

4

Dock

name

bearing the purging quality

of Rhubarb for some therein, and grows up with large set with somewhat broad and

green leaves, not dented at

all.

j i

tall stalks, j

long,

fair,

The

tops

j

{

warm broth, purges choler and phlegm downwards very gently and safely without danger. The seed

draught or mess of

THE COMPLETE HERBAL,

158

thereof contrary doth bind the belly, and helps to stay any sort of lasks or bloodyThe distilled water thereof is very flux. heal scabs ; also foul profitably used to

j

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blood, opening obstructions, and helping those griefs that come thereof, as the jaundice, dropsy, swelling of the spleen, tertain

and daily agues, and pricking pains of the ulcerous sores, sides; and also stays spitting of blood. tion of them ; the juice of the leaves or The powder taken with cassia dissolved, T roots or the decoction of them in vinegar, and washed Venice turpentine, cleanses the reins and strengthens them is used as the most effectual remedy to heal afterwards, and is scabs and running sores. very effectual to stay the gonorrhea. It The Bastard Rhubarb hath all the pro- is also given for the pains and swellings in Rhubarb, but more the head, for those that are troubled with perties of the Monk's i* and outward dis- melancholy, and helps the sciatica, inward effectual for both gout, The decoction thereof without vine- and the cramp. The powder of the Rhueases. gar dropped into the ears, takes away the; barb taken with a little mummia and madder roots in some red wine, dissolves clotted pains gargled in the mouth, takes away the tooth ache and being drank, heals the blood in the body, happening by any fall The seed thereof taken, eases or bruise, and helps burstings and broken jaundice. the gnawing and griping pains of the parts, as well inward as outward. The oil stomach, and takes away the loathing there- | likewise wherein it hath been boiled, works and

to allay the

inflamma-

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of unto meat. The root thereof helps the and being boiled in ruggedness of the nails, of the throat, comwine helps the swelling

monly called the king's evil, as also the of the ears. It swellings of the kernels with the troubled are that stone, helps them

|

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j

the like effects being anointed. It is used to heal those ulcers that in the eyes happen or eyelids, being steeped and strained as ;

the swellings and inflammations and ; | applied with honey, boiled in wine, it takes away all blue spots or r c tr* o t \t \nor\ t MOI*AI n the dimness of marks and that therein. urine, helps happen provokes Whey or The roots of this Bastard Rhu- white wine are the best liquors to steep it the sight. barb are used in opening and purging diet- in, and thereby it works more effectual in drinks, with other things, to open the liver, opening obstructions, and purging the stomach and liver. Many do use a little and to cleanse and cool the blood. | The properties of that which is called the Indian Spikenard as the best corrector same with the thereof, English Rhubarb are the former, but much more effectual, and hath i >

also to assuage

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the properties of the true Italian Rhubarbs, except the force in purging, wherein it is but of half the strength thereof, and all

therefore a double quantity must be used : it likewise hath not that bitterness and astriction ; in other things it works almost in an quantity, which are these : It

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equal and phlegm, being) purges the body of choler into powder, and made either taken of itself, drank in a draught of white wine, or steeped j therein all night, and taken fasting, or put s among other purges, as shall be thought | convenient, cleansing the stomach, liver, and \ i

I

Descript.~]

MEADOW-RWU

rises

up with

a yellow stringy root, much spreading in the ground, shooting forth new sprouts round about, with many herby green stalks,

two set

feet high, crested all the length of with joints here and there, and

them,

many

large leaves on them, above as well as below, being divided into smaller leaves, nicked or dented in the fore part of them, of a red green colour on the

upper-side,

and pale green underneath

;

top of the stalk there shoots

Toward

the forth divers

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. short branches, on every one whereof stand two, three or four small heads, or buttons, which breaking the skin that incloses them,

often taken in

meat and drink,

159

it abates thereof with some venery. dried dill leaves and flowers, eases all pains shoots forth a tuft of pale greenish yellow j and torments, inwardly to be drank, and threads, which falling away, there come in j outwardly to be applied warm to the place three-cornered cods, j grieved. The same being drank, helps the their places small wherein is contained small, long and round pains both of the chest and sides, as also j seed. The whole plant has a strong un-| coughs and hardness of breathing, the inflammations of the lungs, and the tormentj pleasant scent. It in of this many places ing pains of the sciatica and the joints, being PlaceJ] grows land, in the borders of moist meadows, and j anointed, or laid to the places ; as also the ditch-sides. shaking fits of agues, to take a draught beabout or before the fit comes. Being boiled or infused It flowers the July, Time.~\ j in of oil, it is good to help the wind cholic, August. ginning I Government and virtues.] Dioscorides j the hardness and windiness of the mother, saith, That this herb bruised and applied, (and frees women from the strangling or perfectly heals old sores, and the distilled \ suffocation thereof, if the share and the water of the herb and flowers doth the like, parts thereabouts be anointed therewith. It j It .is used by some among other pot-herbs kills and drives forth the worms of the | to open the body, and make it soluble ; but j belly, if it be drank after it is boiled in wine the roots washed clean, and boiled in ale j to the half, with a little honey; it helps the and drank, provokes to stool more than the | gout or pains in the joint?, hands, feet or The root knees, applied thereunto ; and with figs it. leaves, but yet very gently. boiled in water, and the places of the body \ helps the dropsy, being bathed therewith : most troubled with vermin and lice washed Being bruised and put into the nostrils, it therewith while it is warm, destroys them slays the bleeding thereof. It takes away In it is if and bruised with a utterly. Italy being good against thejwheals pimples, plague, and in Saxony against the jaundice, few myrtle leaves, it be made up with wax, as Camerarius saith. and applied. It cures the morphew, and takes away all sorts of warts, if boiled in GARDEN-RUE. with some pepper and nitre, and the wine | GARDEN-RUE is so well known by this j place rubbed therewith, and with almond name, and the name Herb of Grace, that I j and honey helps the dry scabs, or any shall not need to write any farther The juice thereof descrip- \ tetter or ringworm. tion of it, but shall shew you the virtue of it, warmed in a pomegranate shell or rind, and as follows. dropped into the ears, helps the pains of Government and virtues."] It is an herb of them. The juice of it and fennel, with a the Sun, and under Leo. It provokes urine little honey, and the gall of a cock put thereand women's courses, being taken either in unto, helps the dimness of the eye-sight. meat or drink. The seed thereof taken in An ointment made of the juice thereof with wine, is an antidote against all dangerous j oil of roses, ceruse, and a little vinegar, and ' 5 Oi A ~ iL medicines or deadly poisons. The leaves anointed, cures St. Anthony's fire, and all taken either by themselves, or with figs and running sores in the head : and the stinking The is called Mithridate's counter-poi- ulcers of the nose, or other parts. walnuts, son against the plague, and causes all veno- antidote used by Mithridates, every mornmous things to become harmless; being ing fasting, to secure himself from any \

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decoction

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

160

poison or infection, was this: Take twenty leaves of rue, a little salt, a couple of walnuts, and a couple of tigs, beaten together into a mess, with twenty juniper berries, which is the quantity appointed for every

ground, about a span long, divided into many other smaller parts full of small joints set very thick together, whereat come forth two very small leaves of a French yellow, green coloured branches and all, where Another day. electuary is made thus | grows forth also a numSer of exceedingly Take of nitre, pepper, and cumrnin seed, small yellowish flowers, scarce to be disof each equal parts ; of the leaves of Rue cerned from the stalks and leaves, which j

:

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clean picked, as much in weight as all the! turn into seeds as small as the very dust, other three weighed; beat them well toge-The root is very long and small, thrusting This has ther, and put as much honey as will make down deep into the ground. it up into an electuary (but you must first neither smell nor taste at first, but aftersteep your cummin seed in vinegar twenty ! wards has a little astringent taste, without four hours, and then dry it, or rather roast; any manifest heat; yet a little bitter and it in a hot fire-shovel, or in an oven) and is sharp withal. j a remedy for the pains or griefs in the chest It grows in dry, sandy, and Placed] or stomach, of the spleen, belly, or sides, rocky places. It is fresh and green ail the by wind or stitches; of the liver by ob-j Time."] structions ; of the reins and bladder by the j Summer. Government and virtues.'] They say Saturn stopping of urine and helps also toex-| What an in- causes ruptures ; if he do, he does no more tenuate fat corpulent bodies. famy is cast upon the ashes of Mithridates, \ than he can cure ; if you want wit, he will or Methridates (as the Augustines read his* teach you, though to your cost. This herb name) by unworthy people. They that | is Saturn's own, and is a noble antivenedeserve no good report themselves, love to rean. Rupture-wort hath not its name in j give none to others, viz. That renowned vain for it is found by experience to cure King of Poutus fortified his body by poison \ the rupture, not only in children but also in (He cast out devils by Beel- \ elder persons, if the disease be not too inagainst poison. the Prince What a sot is | veterate, by taking a dram of the powder zebub, devils.) of he that knows not if he had accustomed his: of the dried herb every day in wine, or a body to cold poisons, but poisons would j decoction made and drank for certain days have dispatched him? on the contrary, if j together. The juice or distilled water of The* the green herb, taken in the same manner, not, corrosions would have done it. whole world is at this present time beholden helps all other fluxes either of man or to him for his studies in physic, and he that woman; vomitings also, and the gonorrhea, uses the quantity but of an hazel-nut of that j being taken any of the ways aforesaid. It receipt every morning, to which his name \ doth also most assuredly help those that is adjoined, shall to admiration preserve (have the stranguary, or are troubled with his body in health, if he do but consider Jthe stone or gravel in the reins or bladder, that Rue is an herb of the Sun, and under The same also helps stitches in the sides, Leo, and gather it and the rest accord- \ griping pains of the stomach or belly, the obstructions of the liver, and cures the yelingly. low jaundice ; likewise it kills also the i

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worms Descript."]

thready

THIS spreads very

in children.

}

many

j

plied,

branches round about upon the: helps

it

Being outwardly apconglutinates wounds notably, and

much

to stay defluctions of

rheum

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. from the head to the eyes, nose, and teeth, being bruised green and bound thereto or the forehead, temples, or the nape of the neck behind, bathed with the decoction of It also dries up the moisthe dried herb. ture of fistulous ulcers, or any other that are.

161

did describe

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it, they would presently say, might as well have spared spare< that labour.

Its virtue follows.

Government and virtues.] Rye is more than the bread and the wheat; digesting Jeaven thereof ripens and breaks imposfoul and spreading. thumes, boils, and other swellings The of Rye put between a double cloth, jmeal a USHES and moistened with a little vinegar, and j kinds of are there ALTHOUGH many {heated in a pewter dish, set over a chafing insist Rushes, yet I shall only here upon j dish of coals, and bound fast to the head those which are best known, and most while it is hot, doth much ease the continual medicinal ; as the bulrushes, and other of? pains of the head. Matthiolus saith, that the soft and smooth kinds, which grow so the ashes of Rye straw put into water, and commonly in almost every part of this land, | steeped therein a day and a night, and the and are so generally noted, that I suppose chops of the hands or feet washed therewith, it needless to trouble you with any des- doth heal them, Briefly then take the cription of them SAFFRON. virtues of them as follows THE herb needs no description, it being Government and virtues^] The seed of the soft Rushes, (saith Dioscorides and known generally where it grows. It grows frequently at Walden Galen, toasted, saith Pliny) being drank in j Place.'] wine and water, stays the lask and women's j in Essex, and in Cambridgeshire, Government and virtues.] It is an herb courses, when they come down too abun- \ it causes head-ache ; it pro- of the Sun, and under the Lion, and therebut daily j vokes sleep likewise, but must be given fore you need not demand a reason why it with caution. The root boiled in water, to strengthens the heart so exceedingly. Let the consumption of one third, helps the 1 not above ten grains be given at one time, for the Sun, which is the fountain of light, cough. | Thus you see that conveniences have may dazzle the eyes, and make them blind ; their inconveniences, and virtue is seldom a cordial being taken in an immoderate unaccompanied with some vices. What quantity, hurts the heart instead of helpIt quickens the brain, for the Sun I have written concerning Rushes, is to ing it. satisfy my countrymen's questions : Are j is exalted in Aries, as he hath his house in It helps consumptions of the lungs. our Rushes good for nothing ? Yes, and as \ Leo. are alone as taken. There them and It is excellent let difficulty of breathing. good remedies enough without them for any dis- in epidemical diseases, as pestilence, smallIt is a notable expulease, and therefore as the proverb is, I care pox, and measles. not a rush for them or rather they will do \ sive medicine, and a notable remedy for the :

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a Rush.

one had given you yellow jaundice. My opinion is, (but I have no author for it) that hermodactyls are

THIS

nothing else but the roots of Saffron dried my reason is, that the roots of all the counties! crocus, both white and yellow, purge

you

as

much good

as

if

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5

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land

of

is

so well

this land,

people,

who

known

in all

and especially feed

much

to the countrythereon, that if 1

1

1

phlegm as hermodactyls do ; and if yon please to dry the roots of any crocus, neither

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

102 your eyes nor your taste them from hermodactyls.

with

shall distinguish

wormwood

is

good

for the bloody-flux.

it procures women's courses, and stays them coming down too fast: helps SAGE. I the stinging and biting of serpents, and kills OUR ordinary garden Sage needs no the worms that breed in the ear, and in sores. description. Sage is of excellent use to help the flowers in It or about July. Time.~\ warming and quickening the \ memory, Government and virtues.] Jupiter claims senses and the conserve made of the flowers this, and bids me tell you, it is good for the is used to the same purpose, and also for all A decoction of the former recited diseases. The juice of liver, and to breed blood. the leaves and branches of Sage made and Sage drank with vinegar, hath been of good

Pliny saith,

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drank, saith Dioscorides, provokes urine,

down women's

time of the plague at all times, Gargles likewise are made with Sage, rose-

use

|

to

in

courses, helps brings expel the dead child, and causes the hair mary, honey-suckles, and plantain, boiled It stays the bleeding of in wine or water, with some honey or allum to become black. wounds, and cleanses foul ulcers. Three put thereto, to wash sore mouths and spoonfuls of the juice of Sage taken fasting, j throats, cankers, or the secret parts of man And with with a little honey, doth presently stay the or woman, as need requires. spitting or casting of blood of them that are other hot and comfortable herbs, Sage is in a consumption. These pills are much | boiled to bathe the body and the legs in the Take of spikenard, ginger, Summer time, especially to warm cold commended r sinews, troubled with the of each two drams; of the seed of Sage palsy points, toasted at the fire, eight drams ; of long and cramp, and to comfort and strengthen i

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pepper, twelvedrams; all these beingbroughu the parts. It is much commended against into powder, put thereto so much juice of | the stitch, or pains in the side coming of Sage as may make them into a mass of .'wind, if the place be fomented warm with thereof in wine, and the pills, taking a dram of them every morning the decoction fasting, and so likewise at night, drinking herb also after boiling be laid warm therea little pure water after them. Matthiolus unto, !

i

j

very profitable for all manner j of pains in the head coming of cold and rheumatic humours as aiso for all pains of; the joints, whether inwardly or outwardly, saith,

it

is

WOOD-SAGE.

j

:

',

and therefore helps the

falling-sickness, the

lethargy such as are dull and heavy of the palsy ; and is of much use in all defluctions of rheum from the head, and for the diseases of the chest or breast. The leaves of Sage and nettles bruised together, spirit,

and

upon the imposthume that rises the ears, doth assuage it much, The juice of Sage taken in warm water, The helps a hoarseness and a cough. leaves sodden in wine, and laid upon the place affected with the palsy, helps much, if the decoction be drank Also Sage taken laid

behind

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Descript.~]

WOOD-SAGE

rises

up with

square hoary stalks, two feet high at the least, with two leaves set at every joint, somewhat like other Sage leaves, but

and rounder, and a dented about the edges, and smelling somewhat stronger. At the tops of the stalks and branches stand the flowers, on a slender like spike, turning themselves all one way when they blow, and are of a pale and whitish colour, smaller than Sage, but hooded and gaping like unto them. The four usually seed is blackish and round t seem in a husk together the root is long

\

smaller, softer, whiter,

little

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED and

stringy, with divers fibres thereat, abides many years. It grows in woods, and P/ace.]

wood-sides

as also in

;

divers fields

bye-lanes in the land. It flowers in June, Time.']

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by and

j j

and

\

August. rrai Government and virtues.'] The herb is under Venus. The decoction of the Wood i

also two stalks and flowers at the foot of a leaf, which are without any scent at all, and stand on the top of the stalk. After they are past, come in their places small round berries great at the first, and blackish green, tending to blueness when they are i ripe, wherein milie small, The root is white, hard, and stony seeds. of the thickness of one's finger or thumb,

and one, and sometimes

\

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white and knotted in some places, a flat circle representing a Seal, whereof it took the name, lying along under the upper crust of the earth, and not growing downward, but with many fibres underneath, It is frequent in divers places of of the green herb, made with wine, is a safe \ Place.'] for those who this land and sure remedy as, namely in a wood two miles by falls, bruises, or blows, suspect some vein to be from Canterbury, by Fish-Pool Hill, as also inwardly broken, to disperse and void the in Bushy Close belonging to the parsonage congealed blood, and to consolidate the | of Alderbury, near Clarendon, two miles The drink used inwardly, and the from Salisbury in Cheffon wood, on Chesveins. herb used outwardly, is good for such as son Hill, between Newington and Sittingare inwardly or outwardly bursten, and is { bourn in Kent, and divers other places in found to be a sure remedy for the palsy, Essex, and other counties. The juice of the herb, or the powder there- 1 Time.'] It flowers about May: The of dried, is good for moist ulcers and sores root abides and shoots a-new every year, in the legs, and other parts, to dry them, i Government and virtues."] Saturn owns and cause them to heal more speedily. It the plant, for he loves his bones well. The is no less effectual also in green wounds, to root of Solomon's Seal is found by experience be used upon any occasion. to be available in wounds, hurts, and outward sores, to heal and close up the lips of

Sage provokes urine and women's courses: It also provokes sweat, digests humours, and discusses swellings and nodes in the flesh, and is therefore thought to be good The decoction against the French pox.

round

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SOLOMON

S

SEAL.

THE common

those that are green, and to dry up and Solomon's restrain the flux of humours to those that

DescriptJ] Seal rises up with a round stalk half a yard i are old. It is singularly good to stay or down to the and bleeding wheresoever, as | vomitings high, bowing bending ground, set with single leaves one above | also all fluxes in man or woman ; also, to another, somewhat large, and like the leaves \ knit any joint, which by weakness uses to of the lily-convally, or May-lily, with an \ be often out of place, or will not stay in eye of bluish upon the green, with some pong when it is set; also to knit and join ribs therein, and more yellowish under- \ broken bones in any part of the body, the neath. At the foot of every leaf, almost! roots being bruised and applied to the from the bottom up to the top of the stalk, j places ; yea, it hath been found by expecome forth small, long, white and hollow | rience, an-d the decoction of the root in pendulous flowers, somewhat like the; wine, or the bruised root put into wine or flowers of May-lily, but ending in five long! other drink, and after a night's infusion, points, for the most part two together, at the strained forth hard and drank, hath helped |

end of a long

foot-stalk,

and sometimes but

both

man and

u u

beast,

whose bones hath been

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

164

the most are the cause of most of the diseases which assured refuge of help to people of divers the frail nature of man is subject to; both It which might be remedied counties of the land that they can have. by a more freto of effectual this no less herb. is If people would help ruptures andjquentuse in wine, or the have sauce to their meat, decoction the burstings, they may take or for some as in broth well as for drink, It inwardly being profit powder pleasure. the to is a safe and both to taste herb, very pleasant taken, outwardly applied place. The same is also available for inward or out-; and stomach, helps digestion, and in some

broken by any occasion, which

is

|

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{

bruises, falls or blows, both to dispel the congealed blood, and to take away both the pains and the black and blue; marks that abide after the hurt. The same also, or the distilled water of the whole of the plant, used to the face, or other parts

ward

opening obstructions of the liver and spleen provokes urine, and helps thereby to wash away the gravel and stone engendered in the kidneys or bladder, sort

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THIS herb is by many called Buttercleanses it from morphew, freckles, 5 the marks wort. or whatsoever, leaving spots, Ordinary Sanicle sends forth Descript.~\ place fresh, fair, and lovely; for which J Italian round the used it is much leaves, standing upon by many great

skin,

>

:

purpose Dames.

long brownish stalks, every one somewhat deeply cut or divided into five or six parts, and some of these also cut in somewhat like ROCK Samphire grows up the leaf of crow's-foot, or dove's-foot, and DescriptJ] with a tender green stalk about half a yard, finely dented about the edges, smooth, and or two feet high at the most, branching! of a dark shining colour, and somewhat from among forth almost from the very bottom, and? reddish about the brims; stored with sundry thick and almost round which arise up small, round green stalks, (somewhat long) leaves of a deep green without any joint or leaf thereon, saving at colour, sometimes two together, and some- the top, where it branches forth into flowers, times more on a stalk, and sappy, and of; having a leaf divided into three or four a pleasant, hot, and spicy taste. At the parts at that joint with the flowers, which out of small top of the stalks and branches stand umbels: are small and white, starting of white flowers, and after them come large round greenish yellow heads, many standseed, bigger than fennel seed, yet some- ing together in a tui't, in which afterwards what like it. The root is great, white, and are the seeds contained, which are small is of an round burs, somewhat like the leaves ol long, continuing many years, and hot and spicy taste likewise. clevers, and stick in the same manner upon rocks are on the that It grows any thing that they touch. The root is Place.] at if the not overmoistened often least, composed of many blackish strings or set together at a little long head, flowed with the sea water. j fibres, it flowers and seeds in the j which abides with And green leaves all the WinTime.] not. and end of July and August. ?ter, perishes It is found in many shadowy Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of Place.'] Jupiter, and was in former times wont to be woods, and other places of thib land, It flowers in June, and the seed used more than now it is the more is the j Time.'] It is well known almost to every ; is ripe shortly after, pity. Government and virtues.] This is one of body, that ill digestions and obstructions \

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Pl.ATK

M e a do w

S a xifr a ir e

Gr eat S aiiic le

Gard-en

B

'

SarapKir

Sc abioiis

mcen'a Confound

SHepherds Purse

fieal

THOMAS

"KK.

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.

!>ONM835

.

.17.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. Venus's herbs, to cure the wounds or mis- no leaf appears in the "Winter. chiefs Mars inflicts upon the body of man. hereof is strong and unpleasant It

heals green

wounds

speedily,

or

any

105

;

The

taste

and

so

is

the smell also.

1

It grows in moist and wet imposthumes, or bleedings inward,' Place.'] also tumours in any part of the body; for! grounds, by wood-sides, and sometimes in the decoction or powder in drink taken,* moist places of shadowy groves, as also by and the juice used outwardly, dissipates the water side. It flowers in July, and the seed the humours and there is not found any Time.'] herb that can give such present help either is soon ripe, and carried away with the

ulcers,

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manor

when

the disease falleth j or the throat, and to heal up j lungs upon putrid malignant ulcers in the mouth,} throat, and privities, by gargling or washing with the decoction of the leaves and to

beast,

wind. Government and the herb, and

it is

Saturn owns virtues.] of a sober condition, like

the Germans, this wound preferred before all others of the roots made in water, and a little honey put; same quality. Being boiled in wine, and thereto. It helps to stay women's courses, drank, it helps the indisposition of the and all other fluxes of blood, either by the liver, and freeth the gall from obstructions ; mouth, urine, or stool, and lasks of the | whereby it is good for the yellow jaundice, belly ; the ulcerations of the kidneys also, | and for the dropsy in the beginning of it ; and the pains in the bowels, and gonorrhea, \ for all inward ulcers of the reins, mouth or being boiled in wine or water, and drank. | throat, and inward wounds and bruises, The same also is no less powerful to help i likewise for such sores as happen in the any ruptures or burstings, used both in- privy partsof menand women ; beingsteepcd wardly and outwardly : And briefly, it is! in wine, and then distilled, the water thereas effectual in binding, restraining, conso- |of drank, is singular!} good to ease all gnawlidating, heating, drying and healing, as \ ings in the stomach, or other pains of the comfrey, bugle, self-heal, or any other of j body, as also the pains of the mother: and the vulnerary herbs whatsoever. boiled in water, it helps continual j being * T a UCS ' C 8 ' P le ! - a SARACENS CONFOUND, OR SARACEN Si r thC J U CC dlSt led > r atCr f the ? ! I L! WOUNDWORT. , * T decoction, are very effectual to heal any THIS grows sometimes, with t green wound, or old sore or ulcer whatDescript.'] brownish stalks, and other whiles with ; soever, cleansing them from corruption, \ !

him. herb

Among

is

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man's height, having narrow and quickly healing them up Briefly, green leaves snipped about the edges, some- whatsoever hath been said of bugle or saniwhat like those of the peach-tree, or willow jcle, may be found herein, leaves, but not of such a white green colour. OR J ACK-B Y-THE-HEDGEThe tops of the stalks are furnished with SAUCE-ALONE, green,

to a

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SIDE. yellow star-like flowers, standing in THE lower leaves of this are green heads, which when they are fallen,! Descript.'] and the seed ripe, which is somewhat long, rounder than those that grow towards the small and of a brown colour, wrapped in top of the stalks, and are set singly on a down, is therefore carried away with the! joint being somewhat round and broad, wind. The root is composed of fibres set {pointed at the ends, dented also about the together at a head, which perishes not in edges, somewhat resembling nettle leaves Winter, although the stalks dry away and j for the form, but of a fresher green colour,

many

j i

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

160

not rough or pricking The flowers are you all the year, if you love yourself and white, growing at the top of the stalks one your ease, and it is a hundred pounds to a above another, which being past, follow penny if you do not ; keep it dry, make small round pods, wherein are contained conserves and syrups of it for your use, and round seed somewhat blackish. The root withal, take notice that the Summer kind stringy and thready, perishes every year is the best. They are both of them hot after it hath given seed, and raises itself and dry, especially the Summer kind, again of its own sowing. The plant, or which is both sharp and quick in taste, any part thereof, being bruised, smells of expelling wind in the stomach and bowels, garlic, but more pleasantly, and tastes and is a present help for the rising of the somewhat hot and sharp, almost like unto mother procured by wind provokes urine :

;

and women's courses, and

rocket.

is

much com-

Placed] grows under walls, and by mended for women with child to take inand hedge-sides, path-ways in fields in wardly, and to smell often unto. It cures many places. tough phlegm in the chest and lungs, and It flowers in and June, July, Time.~\ helps to expectorate it the more easily ; August. quickens the dull spirits in the lethargy, the Government and virtues. It is an herb of juice thereof being snuffed up into the This is eaten by many country nostrils. The juice dropped into the ej es, Mercury. to as sauce their salt fish, and helps clears a dull sight, if it proceed of thin cold people well to digest the crudities and other cor- humours distilled from the brain. The It juiceheated with the oil of Roses, and dropped rupt humours engendered thereby. warms also the stomach, and causes diges- into the ears, eases them of the noise and tion. The juice thereof boiled with honey singing in them, and of deafness also. is accounted to be as good as hedge mus- Outwardly applied with wheat flour, in tard for the cough, to cut and expectorate manner of a poultice, it gives ease to the the tough phlegm. The seed bruised and sciatica and palsied members, heating and boiled in wine, is a singularly good remedy warming them, and takes away their pains. for the wind colic, or the stone, being drank It also lakes away the pain that comes by It

~]

r

warm

It is also given to women troubled stinging of bees, wasps, &c. with the mother, both to drink, and the SAVINE seed put into a cloth, and applied while it is warm, is of To describe a plant so well known is needThe singularly good use. leaves also, or the seed boiled, is good to be less, it being nursed up almost in every garused in clysters to ease the pains of the den, and abides green all the Winter. stone. The green leaves are held to be Government and virtues.] It is under the

good

:

to heal the ulcers in the legs.

WINTER AND SUMMER SAVOURY. BOTH these are so well known (being entertained as constant inhabitants in our

gardens) that they need no description. Government and virtues.'] Mercury claims dominion over this herb, neither is there a detter remedy against the colic and iliac passion, than this herb

;

keep

it

dry by

dominion of Mars, being hot and dry in the third degree, and being of exceeding is of a very digesting quality. herb into powder, and mix the you dry it with honey, it is an excellent remedy to cleanse old filthy ulcers and fistulas ; but

clean parts, If

hinders them from healing. The same is excellently good to break carbuncles and plague-sores; also helps the king's evil, being applied to the place. Being spread

it

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

167

over a piece of leather, and applied to the them, and^ to expel it and the gravel by for which to help the stranguary navel, kills the worms in the belly, helps urine of the or roots the herb decoction tetand :cabs purpose itch, running sores, cankers; or the in is most white to usual, and being applied wine, powder ters, and ringworms the place, may haply cure venereal sores of the small kernelly root, which is called This I thought good* to speak of, as it may the seed, taken in white wine, or in the be safely used outwardly, for inwardly it same decoction made with white wine, is The distilled water of the most usual. cannot be taken without manifest danger. j

;

;

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whole herb, root and flowers, is most faraiIt provokes also women's ]iar to be taken THIS hath a few small red- courses, and frees and cleanses the stomach Descript. of roots covered with some and lungs from thick and tough phlegm kernels dish There are not many skins, lying among divers small blackish that trouble them. the stone than fibres, which send forth divers round, faint better medicines to break or yellow green leaves, and greyish under- this. neath lying above the grounds, unevenly BURNET SAXIFRAGE. dented about the edges, and somewhat: THE greater sort of our Descript..] hairy, every one upon a little foot-stalk, from whence rises up round, brownish, English Burnet Saxifrage grows up with divers long stalks of winged leaves, set. hairy, green stalks, two or three feet high, with a few such like round leaves as grow directly opposite one to another on both below, but smaller, and somewhat branched sides, each being somewhat broad, and a at the top, whereon stand pretty large white little pointed and dented about the edges,

THE COMMON WHITE SAXIFRAGE.

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j

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j

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j

At the top of the flowers of five leaves a-piece, with some 1 of a sad green colour. * stand of umbels white in a stalks in threads the flowers, after middle, standing yellow and come small blackish The which seed. husk. After i long crested, brownish green root is and Our the flowers are there arises sometimes whitish, abiding long. long past,

[

round hard head, forked at the top, lesser Burnet Saxifrage hath much finer wherein is contained small black seed, but; leaves than the former, and very small, and usually they fall away without any seed, set one against another, deeply jagged and it is the kernels or grains of the root! about the edges, and of the same colour as which are usually called the White Saxi- the former. The umbels of the flowers are white, and the seed very small, and so is frage-seed, and so used. the of our It in root, being also somewhat hot and quick many places grows Place.'] a

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I

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land, as well in the lower-most, as in the upper dry corners of meadows, and grassy sandy places. It used to grow near Lamb's conduit, on the backside of Gray's Inn. It flowers in May, and then Time!] as well for that which is called gathered,

in taste. j j \

j

\ j

These grow in moist meadows Place."] of this land, and are easy to be found being well sought for among the grass, wherein many times they lay hid scarcely to be discerned.

the seed, as to distil, for it quickly Time.'] perishesj down to the ground' when any hot weather their seed j

They is

about July, August,

flower

ripe in

and

Government and virtues.'] They are both The SaxiIt is very ef-|of them herbs of the Moon. virtues."] fectual to cleanse the reins and bladder, frages are hot as pepper ; and Tragus saith, j + o dissolve the stone engendered in j by his experience, that they are wholesome

comes. Government and

x x

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

1C8

They have

the

same

leys have,

but

in

properties the pars- j great, white and thick, growing clown deep provoking urine, and [into the ground, and abides many years, the There is another sort of Field Scabious causing pains thereof, and of the wind? and colic, are much more effectual, the different in nothing from the former, but roots or seed being used either in powder, only it is smaller in all respects. or in decoctions, or any other The Corn Scabious differs little from the way and likewise helps the windy pains of the; first, but that it is greater in all respects, and to mother, procure their courses, and ; and the flowers more inclining to purple, to break and void the stone in the kidneys, land the root creeps under the upper crust to digest cold, viscous, and tough phlegm \ of the earth, and runs not deep into the in the stomach, and is an especial remedy ground as the first doth. The first grows more usually in Castoreum \ against all kind of venom. Place.'] boiled in the \ distilled water being thereof, meadows, especially about London every is to be singularly good given to those that 1 where. are troubled with cramps and convulsions. I The second in some of the dry fields Some do use to make the seeds into comfits about this city, but not so plentifully as the i

;

(as they do carraway seeds) which is effecto all the purposes aforesaid. The

former.

The third in standing corn, or fallow juice of the herb dropped into the most fields, and the borders of such like fields, grievous wounds of the head, dries up their j They flower in June and July, Time.'] and heals them some abide and Some moisture, quickly. flowering until it be late in women use the distilled water to take away iiAugust, and11the seed1*is ripe in the mean freckles or spots in the skin or face ; and time. to drink the same sweetened with There are many other sorts of Scabious, sugar for all the but I take these which I have here despurposes aforesaid. tual

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t

1

1

*

1 1

*

1

SCABIOUS, THREE

SORTS. |

COMMON

*

1

cribed to be most familiar with us. The virtues of both these and the rest, being much alike, take them as follow.

Government and virtues.'] Mercury owns Scabious grows | with Scabious is very effectual for whitish the many hairy, soft, up plant. green some whereof of are very little, if at sorts leaves, coughs, shortness of breath, and jail all jagged on the edges, others very much j all other diseases of the breast and lungs, rent and torn on the sides, and have threads ripening and digesting cold phlegm, and voids them forth by in them, which upon breaking may be j other tough humours, field

j

5

plainly seen ; from among which rise up j coughing and spitting : It ripens also all divers hairy green stalks, three or four feet 'sorts of inward ulcers and imposthumes high, with such like hairy green leaves on i pleurisy also, if the decoction of the herb them, but more deeply and finely divided and j dry or green be made in wine, and drank branched forth a little At the tops thereof, {for some time together. Four ounces of which are naked and bare of leaves for ajthe clarified juice of Scabious taken in the ;

:

with a dram of mithridale, flowers,] morning fasting, frees the heart from any of a pale blueish colour, set together in a -or Venice treacle, head, the outermost whereof are larger than { infection of pestilence, if after the taking

good space, stand round heads of

the inward, with many threads also in the of it the party sweat two hours in bed, and j middle, somewhat flat at the top, as the i this medicine be again and again repeated, head with the seed is likewise ; the root is if need require. The green herb bruised ;

PLATE

accorv

Sol o 111 on* s S e a.1

Wild

Su_c c

orv

A

m A

Sp

i^-ricl

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00

Si U

it

'I'll

Sit

I

S

r

1

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re

:.

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o

m in on

TM a

s

\

S orrcl

!

needs no description.

the end of October. in % Services when

before

flowers

m

fruit 1S ripe

aid

$

thereo f. .

f

f

be taken to stay j and fluxes, scouring, casting, yet less than If they be dried before they be medlers. and mellow, kept all the year, they may be j used in decoctions for the said purpose, either to drink, or to bathe the parts requiring it ; and are profitably used that| manner to stay the bleeding of wounds,: and of the mouth or nose, to be applied to; the forehead and nape of he neck ; and are under the dominion of Saturn. they are mellow,

T

fire

^a

,



^^

red, that

need not describe them. almost every where

p^

-j

in this land.

Government and virtues.] Mercury hath dominion over the common sort. Dodoneus saith, The leaves and flowers are good to ease the griping pains of the gout, the

herb being boiled and used in a clyster, If the herb be made into a poultice, and applied to inflammations, it will ease them, The juice dropped in the eyes, is a familiar order one above another, upon a small medicine, with many country people, to j crooked spike, which turns inwards like a i take away the pin and web (as they call it) bowed finger, opening by degrees as the fin the eyes; it also allays the heat and flowers blow open; after which in their blood shooting of them. Country people j place come forth cornered seed, four for the do also in many places drink the juice most part standing together; the root is thereof against the biting of an adder ; and small and thready, perishing every year, having boiled the berb in water, they first and the seed shedding every year, raises it | wash the place with the decoction, and then herb also to the hurt place. \ lay some of the again the next spring. It grows in gardens, and flowers) The herb also boiled in swine's grease, and Place.'] and seeds with us, notwithstanding it is not so made into an ointment, is good to apply natural to this land, but to Italy, Spain, and to the biting of any venomous creature. France, where it grows plentifully. jThe herb also bruised and heated between Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of tiles, and applied hot to the share, causes the Sun, and good one too. Dio^corides| them to make water who had it stopt beIt is held likewise to be good for saith, That a good handful of this, which is fore. The decalled the Great Turnsole, boiled in water, wounds, and to take away seed. and drank, purges both choler and phlegm; coction of the herb and flowers, with the and boiled with cummin, helps the stone in j seed and root, taken for some time, helps |

i

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{

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1

the reins, kidneys, or bladder, provokes urine and women's courses, and causes an

|

|

oil,

The |

and speedy delivery in child-birth. The leaves bruised and applied to places easy

women

that are troubled with the whites, seed and flowers boiled in water, and afterwards made into a poultice with some

|

and applied, helps hard swellings and

pained with the gout, or that have been out! imposthumes.

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

186

they yield a reddish juice or liquor, somewhat resinous, and of a harsh and stypick

HEART TREFOIL.

the ordinary sort of Trefoil, taste, as the leaves also and the flowers be, here are two more remarkable, and one of although much less, but do not yield such which may be properly called Heart Tre-ja clear claret wine colour, as some say it the leaf is triangular, doth, the root is brownish, somewhat great, foil, not only because like the heart of a man, but also because hard and woody, spreading well in the each leaf contains the perfection of a heart, ground. and that in its proper colour, viz. a flesh Placed] It grows in many woods, groves,

BESIDES

\

and woody grounds, as parks and forests, It grows between Longford and and by hedge-sides in many places in this Place.] and Bow, beyond Southwark, by the high- land, as in Hampstead wood, by Ratley in in the wilds of Kent, and in many ! Essex, way and parts adjacent. Government and virtues^] It is under the other places needless to recite. It flowers later than St. John's dominion of the Sun, and if it were used, it Time.'] of! or a St. Peter's-wort. as would be found strengthener great Government and virtues.'] It is an herb of the heart, and cherisher of the vital spirits as grows, relieving the body against faint- Saturn, and a most noble anti-venerean. it against Tustan purges choleric humours, as St. ing and swoonings, fortifying the heart Peter's-wort is said to do, for therein it poison and pestilence, defending of the spleen. works the same effects, both to help the against the noisome vapours sciatica and gout, and to heal burning by PEARL TREFOIL. I fire it stays all the bleedings of wounds, IT differs not from the common sort, if either the green herb be bruised, or the colour.

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bath a while powder of the dry be applied thereto. It It is particu- hath been accounted, and certainly it is, leaf like a pearl. in the spot j of the Moon, and \ a sovereign herb to heal either wound or larly under the dominion either outwardly or inwardly, and its icon shews that it is of a singular virtue | sore, the pearl, or pin and web in the therefore always used in drinks, lotions,

save only in this particular,

against

it

*

;

green wounds, ulcers, or old sores, in all or any other sorts of \ balms, oils, ointments, 1-1 TUSTAN, OR PARK LEAVES. cc which the continual experience of former I IT hath brownish shining {ages hath confirmed the use thereof to be Descript.~] round stalks, crested the length thereof, j admirably good, though it be not so much and sometimes three feet in use now, as when physicians and surrising two by two, j even from the bottom, geons were so wise as to use herbs more forth high, branching having divers joints, and at each of them than now they do. two fair large leaves standing, of a dark I GARDEN VALERIAN. -j blueish green colour on the upper side, and | THIS hath a thick short of a yellowish green underneath, turning! Descript.~\ At the top of the! greyish root, lying for the most part above reddish toward Autumn. stalks stand large yellow flowers, and heads ground, shooting forth on all other sides with seed, which being greenish at the first such like small pieces of roots, which have and afterwards reddish, turn to be of a * all of them many long green strings and blackish purple colour when they are ripe, j fibres under them in the ground, whereby From the head of with small brownish seed within them, and it draws nourishment. !

eyes.

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,

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PLATE 20

.

a in

Valfl

1:1 ii

Viper's

Wo ad




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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

191

beaten together with two or three corns of j the green husks being ripe, when they are salt and twenty juniper berries, which take shelled from the nuts, and drank with a every morning fasting, preserves from dan- little vinegar, is good for the place, so as ger of poison, and infection that day it is before the taking thereof a vein be openedThe juice of the other green husks The said water is very good against the taken. boiled with honey is an excellent gargle for quinsy, being gargled and bathed theresore mouths, or the heat and inflammations with, and wonderfully helps deafness, the The kernels, noise, and other pains in the ears. The in the throat and stomach. when they grow old, are more oily, and {distilled water of the young green leaves in therefore not fit to be eaten, but are then the end of May, performs a singular cure used to heal the wounds of the sinews, on foul running ulcers and sores, to be gangrenes, and carbuncles. The said ker- bathed, with wet cloths or spunges applied i

j

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j

j j

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nels

and

being burned, are will stay lasks

very astringent, [to them every morning,

and women's courses,

,

5

WOLD, WELD, OR DYERS WEED.

,.,,'!

being taken in red wine, and stay the fall- 1 ing of the hair, and make it fair, being;

THE common

kind grows bushing with anointed with oil and wine. The green many leaves, long, narrow and flat upon husks will do the like, being used in the the ground of a dark blueish green colour, same manner. The kernels beaten with somewhat like unto Woad, but nothing so rue and- wine, being applied, help the large, a little crumpled, and as it were quinsy ; and bruised with some honey, and round-pointed, which do so abide the first applied to the ears, ease the pains and in- j year; and the next spring from among flammation of them. A piece of the green them, rise up divers round stalks, two or husks put into a hollow tooth, eases the three feet high, beset with many such like The catkins hereof, taken before leaves thereon, but smaller, and shooting pain. fall off, dried, and given a dram thereof forth small branches, which with the stalks they in powder with white wine, wonderfully j carry many small yellow flowers, in a long helps those that are troubled with the rising spiked head at the top of them, where aftcrof the mother. The oil that is pressed out] wards come the seed, which is small and of the kernels, is very profitable, taken in- \ black, inclosed in heads that are divided at wardly like oil of almonds, to help the j the tops into four parts. The root is long, white and thick, abiding the Winter. The cholic, and to expel wind very effectually an ounce or two thereof may be taken at whole herb changes to be yellow, after it any time. The young green nuts taken hath been in flower awhile, It grows every where by the before they be half ripe, and preserved with Place.'] in are moist grounds, as well as dry, of use for those that have way sides, sugar, good weak stomachs, or defluctions thereon. The j in corners of fields and bye lanes, and someIn Sussex and distilled water of the green husks, before \times all over the field. is Kent call Weed, be half of it Green excellent use to cool they they ripe, the heat of agues, being drank an ounce or: It flowers in June. Time.] two at a time as also to resist the infecGovernment and virtues.] Matthiolus saith, tion of the plague, if some of the same be that the root hereof cures tough phlegm, also applied to the sores thereof. The digests raw phlegm, thins gross humours, same also cools the heat of green wounds j dissolves hard tumours, and opens obstruc;

5

j

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j \

\

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and old

ulcers,

bathed therewith.

and

them, being jtions. Some do highly commend it agains distilled water of the biting of venomous creatures, to be taken j

heals

The

1

3

r

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

192

inwardly and applied outwardly to the bran of Wheat meal steeped in sharp vinehurt place as also for the plague or pes- gar, and then bound in a linen cloth, and tilence. The people in some countries of? rubbed on those places that have the scurf, |

;

this land, it

j

do use to bruise the herb, and lay morphew, scabs or leprosy, will take them wounds in the hands or legs, to away, the body being first well purged and i

to cuts or

j

heal them. \

The decoction of the bran ot prepared. or barley, is of good use to bathe those places that are bursten by a rupture ;

;Wheat

WHEAT

|

ALL

tne several kinds thereof are so welnand the said bran boiled in good vinegar, known unto almost all people, that it is all j and applied to swollen breasts, helps them, It helps also together needless to write a description j and stays all inflamations. thereof. the biting of vipers (which I take to be no Government and virtues.'] It is under { other than our English adder) and all other Dioscorides saith, That to eat the j venomous creatures. The leaves of Wheat Venus. corn of green Wheat is hurtful to the meal applied with some salt, take away ?

{

stomach, and breeds worms. Pliny sailh, hardness of the skin, warts, and hard knots That the corn of Wheat, roasted upon an in the flesh. Wafers put in water, and iron pan, and eaten, are a present remedy drank, stays the lask and bloody flux, and for those that are chilled with cold. The are profitably used both inwardly and outoil pressed from wheat, between two thick wardly for the ruptures in children. Boiled plates of iron, or copper heated, heals all \ in water unto a thick jelly, and taken, it tetters and ring-worms, being used warm slays spitting of blood; and boiled with and hereby Galen sailh, he hath known mint and butter, it helps the hoarseness of many to be cured. Mitthiolus commends the throat, the same to be put into hollow ulcers to heal |

;

>

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them up, and it is good for chops in the hands and feet, and to make rugged skin*

| 5

THESE

are so well

known

that they I shall therefore only

need shew

The green corns of Wheat being no description. chewed, and applied to the place bitten by you the virtues therof. a mad dog, heals it slices of Wheat bread Government and virtues!] The Moon Both the leaves, bark, and the soaked in red rose water, and applied to owns it. the eyes that are hot, red, and inflamed, or seed, are used to stanch, bleeding of wounds, Hot bread ap-

i

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

104

Suckles are cleansing, consuming and di- describe, and the third be critical at; and therefore fit for inflammations ; I care not greatly if I begin with the last gesting, and thus Dr. Reason. Again if you please, we \ first, Sea Wormwood hath gotten as many names will leave Dr. Reason a while, and come to and as Dr. Experience, a learned gentleman, virtues, (and perhaps one more) Seriphian, Take a leaf and chew it in Santomeon, Bcichion, Narbinense, Hanhis brother. 1

!

!

your mouth, and you will quickly find it tonicon, Misneule, and a matter of twenty likelier to cause a sore mouth and throat; more which I shall not blot paper withal, than to cure it. Well then, if it be not good A papist got the toy by the end, and he and in truth for this, What is it good for? It is good for called it Holy Wormwood 1 am opinion, their and nature made for God so much holigiving something, It is an herb of Mercury, ness to herbs, is the reason there remains so in vain. nothing 1

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The seed of this and appropriated to the lungs; neither is it little in themselves. is is Wormwood neither that over it which dominion women usually claims it; Crab their children be for if afflicted the lungs the worms. a foe to the Lion Of all give 1 1 is fitting a Wormwoods that grow here, this is the is your cure this by Jupiter, conserve made of the flowers of it were kept j weakest, but Doctors commend it, and I know no apothecaries sell it; the one must in every gentlewoman's house keep his better cure for an asthma than this besides, credit, and the other get money, and that is The herb is good for it takes away the evil of the spleen, provokes the key of the work. j

j

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$ i

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i

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:

urine, procures speedy delivery of women in travail, helps cramps, convulsions, and

something, because God made nothing in vain Will you give me leave to \ weigh and whatsoever griefs come of cold \ things in the balance of reason Then thus palsies, or stopping; if you please to make use of {The seeds of the common Wormwood are it as an ointment, it will clear your skin of; far more prevalent than the seed of this, to morphew, freckles, and sun-burnings, or! expel worms in children, or people of ripe whatsoever else discolours it, and then the age ; of both some are weak, some are Authors say, The! strong. The Seriphian Wormwood is the maids will love it. flowers are of more effect than the leaves, weakest, and haply may prove to be fittest and that is true ; but they say the seeds are for the weak bodies, (for it is weak enough But Dr. Reason told of all conscience.) Let such as are strong least effectual of all. me, That there was a vital spirit in every take the common Wormwood, for the others seed to beget its like and Dr. Experience! will do but little good. Again, near the sea told me, That there was a greater heat in the 1 many people live, and Seriphian grows seed than there was in any other part of the j near them, and therefore is more fitting for Hheir bodies, because nourished by the plant and withal, That heat was the mother of action, and then judge if old Dr. Tradi- j same air ; and this I had from Dr. Reason, tion (who may well be honoured for his age, In whose body Dr. Reason dwells not, dwells but not for his goodness) hath not so poi- Dr. Madness, and he brings in his brethren, soned the world with errors before I was Dr. Ignorance, Dr. Folly, and Dr. Sickborn, that it was never well in its wits; ness, and these together make way for and the latter end of that man is since, and thereis a great fear it will die mad. \ Death, than worse the beginning. Pride was the | cause of Adam's fall ; pride begat a daugh| THREE Wormwoods are familiar with jter, I do not know the father of it, unless us ; one I shall not describe, another I shall ; the devil, but she christened it, and calle 1 :

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. Appetite, and sent her daughter to taste wormwoods, who finding this the least bitter, made the squeamish wench " extol it to the skies, though the virtues of it: never reached the middle region of the air.

with

it

|

these

J

\ :

i

Its

due praise

fore

fittest

for

is

this

;

It is

weakest, there-

bodies, and

weak

fitter

i

hairy stalks from four feet, 01 three at height least. The leaves in longitude are long, in latitude narrow, in colour white, in form hoary, in similitude likeSouthernwood,only broader and longer; in taste rather salt than

one

many round, woody,

root.

those bodies that dwell near it, that dwell far from it my reason ;

is,

the sea

I

(those that live far from it, know when they come near it) casts not such a smell as the

5

j

land doth. The tender mercies of God being over all his works, hath by his eternal Providence, planted Seriphian by the seaside, as a fit medicine for the bodies of those that live near it. Lastly, It is known to all that know any thing in the course of nature, that the liver delights in sweet things, if so, it abhors bitter then if your liver be weak, it is none of the wisest courses to plague it with an enemy. If the liver be weak, a consum ption follows would you know the reason ? It is this, man's flesh is repaired

\

| [

Its

because

is

grows so near the saltat the joints, with the leaves toward the tops it bears little yellow flowers; the root lies deep, -vnd is woods,

for| bitter,

than those! water i

195

it

;

Common Wormwood for every

I shall not describe,

boy that can eat an egg knows

it.

Roman Wormwood; and why Roman, it grows familiarly in England ? It be so called, because it is good fora may stinking breath, which the Romans cannot be very free from, maintaining so many bad houses by authority of his Holiness.

seeing

The stalks are slender, and Descript.~] shorter than the common Wormwood by one foot at least ; the leaves are more finely cut and divided than they are, but some-

;

;

A

thing smaller ; both leaves and stalks are a third which concoction, by blood, by hoary, the flowers of a pale yellow colour ; transmutes the blood into flesh, it is well it is altogether like the common WormI said, (concoction) say I, if I had said wood, save only in bigness, for it is smaller; (boiling) every cook would have understood in taste, for it is not so bitter ; in smell, for me. The liver makes blood, and if it be it is spicy. weakened that if it makes not enough, the It grows upon the tops of the Place.] flesh wastes and why must flesh always be mountains (it seems 'tis aspiring) there 'tis renewed ? Because the eternal God, when natural, but usually nursed up in gardens he made the creation, made one part of it for the use of the apothecaries in London. j in continual dependency upon another All Wormwoods usually flower Time.'] and why did he so ? Because himself only in August, a little sooner or later. is Government and virtues.] Will you give permanent ; to teach us, That we should not fix our affections upon what is transi- me leave to be critical a little? I must but what endures for ever. The retake leave. Wormwood is an herb of Mars, tory, sult of this is, if the liver be weak, and can- and ifPontanus say otherwise, he is beside not make blood enough, I would have said, the I What delights ; bridge prove it thus if I had written to in martial a martial is herb ; but scholars, Sanguify, only places, the Seriphian, which is the weakest of! Wormwood in martial places (foi delights Wormwoods, is better than the best. I have about forges and iron works you may gather been critical enough, if not too much. a cart-load of it,) ergo, it is a martial herb. It in PlaceJ] grows familiarly England, It is hot and dry in the first degree, viz. the sea-side. Hust as hot as your blood, and no hotter. It by It starts up out of the earth, remedies the evils choler can inflict on the Descnp/.] { 3 ;

;

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j

:

j

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

196

It helps the herb of Mars, is a present body of man by sympathy. remedy for die evils Venus and the wanton Boy produce, biting of rats and mice. Mushrooms (I it doth and else! cannot them the title of give something Herba, Fruby antipathy; the of or are It cleanses under the besides. dominion of body Arbor) cholerjtex, doth no Mars It Saturn, ( and take one time with dares say good?) another, (who do as much or harm as if surfeits, urine, swellings Uhey helps good ;) any have provokes \

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causes appetite to meat, poisoned himself by eating them, Wormbecause Mars wood, an herb of Mars, cures him, because man: The sun never shone upon a better Mars is exalted in Capricorn, the house of herb for the yellow jaundice than this; Why Saturn, and this it doth by sympathy, as it should men cry out so much upon Mars for did the other by antipathy. Wheals, pushes, an infortunate, (or Saturn either?) Did black and blue spots, coming either by God make creatures to do the creation a bruises or beatings. Wormwood, an herb mischief? This herb testifies, that Mars is of Mars, helps, because Mars, (as bad you all diseases he causes; the Move him, and as you hate him) will not willing to cure truth is, Mars loves no cowards, nor Saturn break your head, but he will give you a Take of the flowers of plaister. If he do but teach you to know fools, nor I neither. Wormwood, Rosemary, and Black Thorn, yourselves, his courtesy is greater than is The greatest antipathy beof each a like quantity, half that quantity discourtesy. Rhenish the in this boil of saffron; wine, butj.tween planets, is between Mars and it boiled Venus: one is hot, the other cold; one is almost put it not in saffron till This is the way to keep a man's body in diurnal, the other nocturnal; one dry, the their houses are opposite, one health, appointed by Camerarius, in his j other moist a and is the other feminine ; one public, it book intitled Horttis Medians, masculine, good one too. Besides all this, Wormwood the other private ; one is valiant, the other one loves the light, the other provokes the terms. I would willingly j effeminate: one hates it loves the field, the other sheets; them and make teach astrologers, physi-j cians (if I knew how) for they are most then the throat is under Venus, the quinsy for the calling; if you will not believe Mies in the throat, and is an inflammation in the

belly;

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rules the attractive faculty in

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me, ask Dr. Hippocrates, and Dr. Galen, a couple of gentlemen that our college of not to physicians keep to vapour with, the I shall our follow. In this herb, patgive tern of a ruler, the sons of art rough cast,

Venus

there;

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rules the throat,

under Tamus

her sign.) all diseases in the throat

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is

Mars

(it

being

eradicates

by his herbs (for and sends them to Egypt one)

on an errand never to return more, this The eyes are under yet as near the truth as the men of Benja- done by antipathy. the Luminaries the a stone throw min could Whereby, my right eye of a man, left of and the a woman the Sun claims eye brethren, the astrologers may know by a; penny how a shilling is coined As for the! dominion over: the left eye of a man, and too stately to the right eye of a woman, are privileges of college of physicians, they are They the Moon, Wormwood, an herb of Mars college or too proud to continue. what belongs to the Sun by ^ay a mouse is under the dominion of the cures both; he is exalted in his because in the feed the reason is and that sympathy, Moon, they what but house is Moon Cancer belongs to the Moon by night; the house of the rats are of the same nature with mice, butt antipathy, because he hath his fall in her's. a man be bitten or stung by a they are a little bigger; Mars receives his {Suppose martial an fall in Cancer, ergo, Wormwood being creature, imagine a wasp, a hornet. j

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a scorpion, Wormwood, an herb of Mars, either linen or woolen draper) yet as brave as that Mars, cho- they looked, my opinion was that the moths gives you a present cure that patience, to might consume them ; moths are under the hath learned as he leric is, of him, and tells dominion of Mars; this herb Wormwood bepass by your evil speeches you by my pen, That he gives you no af-iing laid among cloaths, will make a moth you need scorn to meddle with the cloalhs, as much fliction, but he gives you a cure not run to Apollo, nor ./Esculapius and if as a lion scorns to meddle with a mouse, or *.i /i ~tr * he was so choleric as you make him to be, an eagle with a fly. You say Mars is anhe would have drawn his sword for anger, gry, and it is true enough he is angry with to see the ill conditions of these people many countrymen, for being such fools to that can spy his vices, and not his virtues. be led by the noses by the college of phyThe eternal God, when he made Mars, sicians, as they lead bears to Paris garden. made him for public good, and the sons of; Melancholy men cannot endure to be men shall know it it in the latter end of the wronged in point of good fame, and that Et caelum Mars solus babet. You dolh sorely trouble old Saturn, because they world. mix a little Worm- call him the greatest infortunate ; in the is a destroyer Mars say wood, an herb of Mars, with your ink, body of man he rules the spleen, (and that neither rats nor mice touch the paper writ- makes covetous man so splenetic) the poor ten with it, and then Mars is a preserver. old man lies crying out of his left side Astrologers think Mars causes scabs and Father Saturn's angry, Mars comes to him itch, and the virgins are angry with him, Come, brother, I confess thou art evil spoken because wanton Venus told them he de- of, and so am I ; thou knowest I have my forms their skins but, quoth Mars, my exaltation in thy house, I give him an herb only desire is, they should know themselves; of mine, Wormwood, to cure the old man my herb Wormwood will restore them to Saturn consented, but spoke little, and so When the beauty they formerly had, and in that {Mars cured him by sympathy. I will not come an inch behind my opposite, \ Mars was free from war, (for he loves to be Venus: for which doth the greatest evil, he fighting, and is the best friend a soldier that takes away an innate beauty, and when! hath) I say, when Mars was free from war, he has done, knows how to restore it again ? he called a council of war in his own brain, or she that teaches a company of wanton to know how he should do poor sinful man j lasses to paint their faces? If Mars be in [good, desiring to forget his abuses in being a Virgin, in the nativity, they say he causes \ called an infortunate. He musters up his the cholic (it is Avell God hath set some! own forces, and places them in battalia, body to pull down the pride of man.) HejOh! quoth he, why do I hurt a poor His angel answer.* in the Virgin troubles none with the cholic, i silly man or woman ? but them that know not themselves (for who him, It is because they have offended theii knows himself, may easily know all the God, (Look back to Adam:) Well, says Wormwood, an herb of Mars, is a { Mars, though they speak evil of me, I will world.) and whether it be most do good to them ; Death's cold, my herb for it cure present^"1 .1 .1 /11/*111 like a Christian to love him for his good, or; shall heat them they are full of ill humours hate him for his evil, judge ye. I had al- (else they would never have spoken ill of most forgotten, that charity thinks no evil. me ;) my herb shall cleanse them, and dry j

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and there wasagreat many fine clothes: herb shall strengthen them they are dull can give them no other title, for I was never \ witted, my herb shall fortify their appro-

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

198

hensions ; and yet among astrologers all niglit, the one from Aries, and the other Oh the j from Scorpio ; give me thy leave by symthis does not deserve a good word to cure this poor man with 1 pathy drinking patience of Mars a draught of Wormwood beer every mornFelix qui potuit rcmm cognoscere caucus, The Moon was weak the other day, ing. scandere domus curafacit. superum inque and she gave a man two terrible mischiefs, O happy he that can the knowledge gain, a dull brain and a weak sight; Mars laid To know the eternal God made nought in vain. by his sword, and comes to her Sister To this 1 add, said he, this man hath angered thee, Moon, such ** a *-_, dearth u reason causeth lYIIlFVV the bUYrf ftwmWU VrUUWlrU t?u*_>aA I know T beseech thee take notice he is but a Of knowledge 'tis because men love theearth. j out fool ; prithee be patient, I will with my herb The other day Mars told me he met with wormwood cure him of both infirmities by Venus, and he asked her, What was the j antipathy, for thou knowest thou and I canreason that she accused him for abusing not agree with that the Moon began to women? He never gave them the pox. In quarrel; Mars (not delighting much in the dispute they fell out, and in anger women's tongues) went away, and did it parted, and Mars told me that his brother j whether she would or no. He that reads this, and understands what Jaturn told him, that an antivenerean the best was the he medicine reads, hath a jewel of more worth than pox. against Moon. a diamond he that understands it not, is Once a month he meets with the | There lies a Mars is quick enough of speech, and the! as little fit to give physick. \

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much behind hand, (neither are key in these words which will unlock, (if it The Moon looks much be turned by a wise hand) the cabinet of most women.) I have delivered it as plain as I after children, and children are much trou- physick

Moon

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bled with the worms; she desired a medi- durst; it is not only upon Wormwood as cine of him, he bid her take his own herb, I wrote, but upon all plants, trees, and He had no sooner parted \ herbs ; he that understands it not, is unfit Wormwood. with the Moon, but he met with Venus, and (in my opinion) to give physic. This shall And thus I leave it she was as drunk as a hog; Alas! poor live when I am dead. Venus, quoth he What thou a fortune, j to the world, not caring a farthing whether and be drunk? I'll give thee antipathetical \ they like it or dislike it. The grave equals cure; Take my herb Wormwood, and thou \ all men, and therefore shall equal me with A all princes; until which time the eternal shall never get a surfeit by drinking. ill tongue poor silly countryman hath got an ague, Providence is over rne Then the he of a prating fellow, or one that hath more and cannot go about his business | wishes he had it not, and so do I ; but I { tongue than wit, or more proud than Wisdom is will tell him a remedy, whereby he shall honest, shall never trouble me. And so much for prevent it ; Take the herb of Mars, Worm- [justified by her children. 5

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infortunes will do good, what will fortunes do? Some think the lungs are under Jupiter ; and if the lungs then the

wood, and

Wormwood.

if

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CALLED NOSE _ BLEED MILFOIL AND THOUSALD . LEAL ,

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and though sometimes a man gets j IT hath many long leaves a stinking breath, and yet Jupiter is a for-! Descript.~\ tune, forsooth up comes Mars to him j spread upon the ground, finely cut, and Come brother Jupiter, thou knowest I sent | divided into many small parts- It flowers thee a couple of trines to thy house last | are white, but not all of a whiteness, and breath

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199

It stays the shedding of hair, the head being stayed in knots, upon divers green stalks bathed with the decoction of it ; inwardly leaves. the from which rise among taken it helps the retentive faculty of the It is frequent in all pastures. Place.] stomach it It flowers late, even in the latter helps the gonorrhea in men, Time.'] j and the whites in women, and helps such as end of August. Government and virtues.'] It is under the j cannot hold their water ; and the leaves An ointment of them chewed in the mouth eases the tooth-ache influence of Venus. cures wounds, and is most fit for such as and these virtues being put together, shew have inflammations, it being an herb of! the herb to be drying and binding. Achilles Dame Venus ; it stops the terms in women, is supposed to be the first that left the virof this herb to posterity, having learned being boiled in white wine, and the decoc- j tues of this master Chiron, the Centaur ; them the also the as tion drank; bloody flux; ointment of it is not only good for green and certainly a very profitable herb it is in wounds, but also for ulcers and fistulas,; cramps, and therefore called Militaris. with moisture. { especially such as abound :

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DIRECTIONS FOR MAKING SYRUPS, CONSERVES, HAVING

in divers places of this Treatise

way of making Syrups, promised you Conserves, Oils, Ointments, &c, of herbs, roots, flowers, &c. whereby you may have them ready for your use at such times when they cannot be had otherwise ; I come now

CHAP. CHAP.

the

i;

word.

done methodically,; may I shall divide my directions into two grand sections, and each section into several chapters, and then you shall see it look with such be

j i

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a countenance as

this

is.

SECTION Of

I.

gathering, drying, and keeping Simples,

and

their juices.

CHAP, i Of leaves of Herbs, CHAP. ii. Of Flowers. CHAP. in. Of Seeds. CHAP. iv. Of Roots.

II

'Of making and keeping Compounds.

my

this

vi.

Of Barks. Of Juices.

SECTION

lo perform what I promised, and you shall find me rather better than worse than

That

v.

CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP. CHAP.

i.

ii.

in IV. V.

VI VII.

VIII IX. x.

XI.

XII.

XIII XIV. XV.

Of distilled waters. Of Syrups. Of Juleps. Of Decoctions. Of Oils. Of Electuaries. Of Conserves. Of Preserves. Of Lohochs. Of Ointments. Of Plaisters. Of Poultices. Of Troches. Of Pills. The way of fitting Medicines

to

Compound Dis-

eases.

Of all 3 F

these in order.

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

200

ner a PP'y to a planet of the same triplicity; if you cannot wait that time neither, let j her be with a fixed star of their nature. Of Leaves of Herbs, or Trees. j 6 Having well dried them, put them up 1. OF leaves, choose only such as are? brown P a P er ' sewing the paper up like green, and full of juice; pick them care-* a sack and P ress them not to hard to g e fully, and cast away such as are any way * her and kee a dl P lace near the > P them declining, for they will putrify the rest So j shall onehandfulbe worth ten of those you j ^7 As for the d uration of dried herbs, buy at the physic herb shops. * ust time cannot be let authors given, 2. Note what places they most prate delight.{ ,J to grow in, and gather them there ; for tneir Pjeasure > for > lst Such as g row u P on drT grounds will Betony that grows in the shade, is far better than that which grows in the Sun, because keep better than such as grow on moist, the shade so also such herbs j .J^' Such herbs as are ful1 of j ulce ' it delights Wl11 n ot kee P so lo n g as such a f are di; ier as delight to grow near the water, shall be j 3dl Such herbs as are well dried, will gathered near it, though happily you may kee P longer than such as are slack dried. find some of them upon dry ground The Yet you may know when they are corruptTreatise will inform you where every herb ed ' y tneir l ss of colour, or smell, or delights to grow bo and if the y be corrupted, reason 3. The leaves 'of such herbs as run up to ^'> t "Jtelj. jou that they must needs corrupt seed, are not so good when they are in j the bodies of those people that take them, flower as before (some few excepted, the 4 Gather a11 leav the hour of that leaves of which are seldom or never used)' , lanet that g overns them ' in such cases, if through ignorance they P were not known, or through negligence j 11. forgotten, you had better take the top and j Flowers ' the flowers, then the leaf/ 4. Dry them well in the Sun, and not in 1. THE flower, which is the beauty of the the shade, as the saying of physicians is plant, and of none of the least use in phyfor if the sun draw away the virtues of the sick, grows yearly, and is to be gathered herb, it must need do the like by hay, by when it is in its prime. the same rule, which the experience of every 2. As for the time of gathering them, let country farmer will explode for a notable \ the planetary hour, and the planet they come of, be observed, as we shewed you piece of nonsense. j 5. Such as are artists in astrology, (and in the foregoing chapter as for the time of indeed none else are fit to make physicians) i the day, let it be when the sun shine upon such I advise ; let the planet that governs I them, that so they may be dry ; for, if you the herb be angular, and the stronger the gather either flowers or herbs when they are better ; if they can, in herbs of Saturn, let) wet or dewy, they will not keep. Saturn be in the ascendant ; in the herbs of 3. Dry them well in the sun, and keep Mars, let Mars be in the mid heaven, for in them in papers near the fire, as I shewed

CHAPTER

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^v a convenient vessel, till the 6. Of conserves, some keep many years, taken is the scum other but a year, as scum rise, and when off, j as conserves of roses conserves of Borage, Bugloss, Cowslips and it is clarified. 8. The usual dose of cordial electuaries, the like. is from half a dram to two drams ; of purg-j 7. Have a care of the working of some to an conserves presently after they are made ; ing electuaries, from half an ounce j look to them once a day, and stir them ounce. in is them of manner conserves of Borage, Bugloss, The a\ about 9. keeping Wormwood, have got an excellent faculty pot 10. The time of taking them, is either in at that sport. 8. You may know when your conserves a morning fasting, and fasting an hour after j four or to three at are almost spoiled by this them ; or bed, you shall find night going 1 a hard crust at top with little holes in it, hours after supper. as vii. though worms had been eating there. i 7.

r*

over the

fire

in

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CHAPTER Of

CHAPTER viii

Conserves. a

of making conserves is twofold, one of herbs and flowers, and the other of fruits. 1.

The way

j

QJ- Preserves.

5

OF

Preserves are sundry sorts, and the

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

207

all being somewhat different, you cut it into it, and let it remain until handle them all apart. These are you have occasion to use it.

operation of

we

will

Roots are thus preserved First, Scrape clean, and cleanse them from the if 2. Fruits. pith, they have any, for some roots have Boil them in 1. Flowers are very seldom preserved ; not, as Eringo and the like I save that water till I never saw any remember, they be soft, as we shewed you only cowslip flowers, and that was a great before in the fruits then boil the water you It is boiled the root in into a syrup, as we shewed fashion in Sussex when I was a boy. thus done, Take a flat glass, we call them you before then keep the root whole in the strew on a laying of fine sugar, syrup till you use them, jat glasses 4. As for barks, we have but few come on that a laying of flowers, and on that! another laying of sugar, on that another to our hands to be done, and of those the laying of flowers, so do till your glass be few that I can remember, are, oranges, full then tie it over with a paper, and in lemons, citrons, and the outer bark of wala little time, you shall have very excellent nuts, which grow without side the shell, and pleasant preserves. for the shells themselves would make but There is another way of preserving {scurvy preserves; these be they lean reflowers; namely, with vinegar and salt, member, if there beany more put them as they pickle capers and broom-buds but into the number. as I have little skill in it myself, I cannot The way of preserving these, is not all teach you. one in authors, for some ate bitter, some are 2 Fruits, as quinces, and the like, are hot such as are bitter, say authors, must be soaked in warm water, oftentimes changpreserved two ways But I like (1.) Boil them well in water, and then ing till their bitter taste be fled a as them we shewed is not this and reason this Because sieve, through way my pulp then with the like of I doubt when their bitterness is before; you quantity gone, so is boil the water were boiled in their I shall then virtue also they sugar, prescribe one into a syrup, viz. a pound of sugar to a pint common way, namely, the same with the of liquor to every pound of this syrup, former, viz. First, boil them whole till they add four ounces of the pulp then boil it be soft, then make a syrup with sugar and with a very gentle fire to their right con- the liquor you boil them in, and keep the sistence, which you may easily know if you barks in the syrup. 5. They are kept in glasses or in glaz'd pots, drop a drop of it upon a trencher if iti be enough, it will not stick to your fingers 6. The preserved flowers will keep a year, j when it is cold. if you can forbear eating of them tbe { Another to is roots and barks much longer, (2.) way preserve fruits this; First, Pare off the rind; then cut! 7- This art was plainly and first invented them in halves, and take out the core: then for delicacy, yet came afterwards to be of boil them in water till they are soft if you excellent use in physic ; For, know when beef is boiled enough, you may (1.) Hereby medicines are made pleasant Then boil the for sick and squeamish stomachs, which easily know when they are water with its like weight of sugar into a else would loath them, syrup; put the syrup into a pot, and put (2.) Hereby they are preserved from dethe boiled fruit as whole as you left it when 'caying a long time 3 H preserved with sugar 1. Flowers.

3.

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Roots. 4. Barks.

3.

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

208

CHAPTER Of

mean, not the mortar,) cover it with a paper and set it either in ihe sun, or some

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other

Lohocks

that

|

warm place it may melt

three, four, or five days, then take it out and boil

;

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the Arabians call Lo- it a little ; then whilst it is hot, strain it out, Greeks the and hocks, Eclegma, the Latins pressing it out very hard in a press to this in caJl Linctus, and plain English signifies grease add as many more herbs bruised as a before ; let them stand in like manner as but else thing to be licked up. nothing than thicker a 2. They are in body long, then boil them as you did the former; an as thick If you think your ointment is not strong so electuary. \ syrup, and not 3. The manner of taking them is, often to enough, you may do it the third and fourth 1.

THAT which

1

:

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with a liquorice stick, and

yet this I will tell you, the fuller of herbs are, the sooner will your go down 4. They are easily thus made; Make ointment be strong; the last time you boil a decoction of pectoral herbs, and thetrea-jit, boil it so long till your herbs be crisp, the juice consumed, then strain it tjse will furnish you with enough, and when land you have strained it, with twice its weight pressing it hard in a press, and to every of honey or sugar, boil it to a lohock if. j pound of ointment add two ounces of turyou are molested with much phlegm, honey pentine, and as much wax, because grease and if you add a little is offensive to wounds, as well as oil. is better than sugar if not, I hold 2. Ointments are vulgarly known to be vinegar to it, you will do well in pots, and will last above a year, than better be to honey. sugar | kept a and be some above two years, in o. It is kept may kept pots,

take a

little

let it

time,

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at leisure.

the

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year and longer.

roughness of the wind-pipe, inflammations and ulcers of ihej 6. It is

excellent

for

j

lungs,difficultyofbreathing,asthmas,coughs, and distillation of humours.

Qf 1-

x

THE

Greeks made

divers simples,

5

CHAPTER

Plaisters.

|

their

and put metals

plaisters of

into the

most

of them, if not all for having reduced their metals into powder, they mixed them with I Of Ointments. Vthat fatty substance whereof the rest of the 1. VARIOUS are the ways of making! plaister consisted, whilst it was thus hot, ointments, which authors have left to pos-j continually stirring it up and down, lest it terity, which I shall omit, and quote one should sink to the bottom; so they conwhich is easiest to be made, and therefore jtinually stirred it till it was stiff; then they most beneficial to people that are ignorant made it up in rolls, which when they needed It is for use, they could melt by the fire in physic, for whose sake I write this. again, \ thus done. 2. The Arabians made up theirs with J Bruise those herbs, flowers, or roots, you oil and fat, which needed not so long will make an ointment of, and to two hand-* boiling. fuls of your bruised herbs add a pound of I 3. The Greeks em plaisters consisted of or cleansed from the! these dried, hog's grease ingredients, metals, stones, divers beat them well in skins, very together assorts of earth, feces, juices, liquors, seeds, stone mortar with a wooden pestle, then put \ roots, herbs, excrements of creatures, wax, it into a stone pot, (the herb and grease I \ rosin, gums. \

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209

is never cold till a man be dead a such Jin case, it is better to carry troches Jof wormwood, or galangal, in a paper in Of Poultices. I his f pocket, than to lay a gallipot along with 1. POULTICES are those kind of tnin gs'hj m which the Latins.call Cataplasmata and our! 4 Th are made thus At ni b ht wheu learned fellows, thatif they can reaclEnghsh, * t(/ bed take two drams of fiw because call them Cataplasms tliats all J anth flt it into a ' gallipot, and put * 'tis a crabbed word lew understand; it is ina t of a ] f t deed a very fine kind of medicine to ripen watef for the wou]d mg purpose make your troches for to cover it, and the 2 They are made of herbs anc roots, ]} find k n guch J ;

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oil, or rough sweet suet, which I hold to them in t))e 5 Hayin made them d be| better, spread upon a cloth and apply in a and them eep po t for your toj shad fitted for the disease

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the grieved places. 3. Their use is to ease pain, to break sores, to cool inflammations, to dissolve hardness, to ease the spleen, to concoct

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en AFTER xiv. |

QL-

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p;// s

humours, and dissipate swellings.

1- THEY are called Pilul<e, because they beseech you take this caution along j resemble little balls ; the Greeks call them with you; Use no poultices (if you can help it) that are of an healing nature, before Caf&pOtUt? 2 Tt is the opinion of modern physicians, you have first cleansed the body, because that lhls wa J of making medicines, was they are subject to draw the humours tol invented only to deceive the palate, that them from every part of the body. { so by swallowing them down whole, the of the medicine might not be \ bitterness or at least it might not be unsufOf Troches i perceived, jferable: and indeed most of their pills, 1. THE Latins call them Placentula, or though not all, are very bitter. | 3. I am of a clean contrary opinion to and the Greeks Prochikois,\ little cakes, I rather think they were done up in Kukliscoi, and Artiscoi ; they are usually this. little round flat cakes, or you may make this hard form, that so they might be the

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digesting; and my opinion is 2. Their first invention was, that powders grounded upon reason too, not upon fancy, being so kept might resist the intermission or hearsay. The first invention of pills was to purge the head, now, as I told you of air, and so endure pure the longer. 3. Besides, they are easier carried in the; before, such infirmities as lie near the pasof such as travel as many a man sages were best removed by decoctions, or example) is forced to travel whose because they pass to the grieved part Sockets stomach is too cold, or at least not so hot as soonest ; so here, if the infirmity lies in the it should be, which is most proper, for the { head, or any other remote part, the best way

them square

if

you

will.

j

j :

;

j

i

j

longer in

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

210 to use pills,

is

digestion,

because they are longer

and therefore the

in

With the

disease, regard the cause, and the part of the body afflicted ; for example, suppose a woman be subject to 1.

>

better able to j

; call the offending humour to them. 4. If I should tell you here a long tale of!

miscarry, through wind, thus do ; in the table of dismedicine working by sympathy and anti-; (1.) Look Abortion be directed by that, pathy, you would not understand a word of leases, 'and you shall make how herbs are to set that it many prevent miscarriage, physicians j They the same table, and (2.) Look Wind in may find it in the treatise. All modern to a you shall see how many of these herbs exphysicians know not what belongs j a cuckow no more than pel wind. sympathetical cure, in and These are the herbs medicinal for your flats what belongs to music, sharps but follow the vulgar road, and call it a (grief, 2. In all diseases strengthen the part of because 'tis hidden from the hidden :

j

-

;

quality,

\

eyes of dunces, and indeed none but astro- the body afflicted. and physic 3. In mix'd diseases there lies some diflogers can give a reason for il without reason is like a pudding without ficulty, for sometimes two parts of the body are afflicted with contrary humours, as lal. 6. The way to make pills is very easy, sometimes the liver is afflicted with choler for with the help of a pestle and mortar, and water, as when a man hath both the and a little diligence, you may make any dropsy and the yellow-jaundice ; and this powder into pills, either with syrup, or the is usually mortal. In the former, Suppose the brain be too before. jelly I told you the liver be too hot and \ cool and moist, and ;

j |

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CxlArlXjlvAV* r

.

TI

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dry

\

The way of mixing Medicines according to\ the Cause of the Disease, and Parts of the

j

Body

afflicted

the key of the work, I shall be somewhat the more diligent in I shall deliver myself thus ; it. 1.

To the Vulgar. To such as study Astrology;

1st,

K

2

Accustom yourself

3.

;

\

head outwardly warm.

r

to the smell of hot

;

or such

the Vulgar.

Kind

Take a

pill

that heats the

head at night

to bed. In the morning take a decoction that cools the liver, for that quickly passes the stomach, and is at the liver immediately,

going 4.

\

You must

as study physic astrologically.

To

;

L

herbs.

THIS being indeed

2.

.

^us do

>

souls,

I

am

hath been your hard mishap to have sorry been so long trained in such Egyptian darkness which to your sorrow may be felt ; The vulgar road of physic is not my practice, and I am therefore the more unfit to

jthat

I

not think, courteous people, can spend time to give you examples

1

These are enough to let you without art are light as you set you to look I If should able to receive; at the sun, I should dazzle your eyes, and

|

make you

of all diseases

it

\ I

see so

;

much

blind.

have now published 2dly, To such as study Astrology, (who give you a little book, (Galen's Art of Physic,) which} are the only men I know that are fit to not only in the study physic, ph} sic without astrology being will fully instruct you, own of bodies, but also in {like a lamp without oil you are the men your knowledge such documents and fit medicines to remedy each part of its I exceedingly respect, when afflicted; in the -mean season take \ as my brain can give you at present (being absent from my study) I shall give you. these few rules to stay your stomachs. advice.

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

211

5. If this cannot well be, make use of the Fortify the body with herbs of the] nature of the Lord of the Ascendant, 'tis no \ medicines of the Light of Time 6. Be sure always to fortify the grieved matter whether he be a Fortune or Infortune j of the body by sympathetical remedies. in this case. j part be anti-l 7- Regard the heart, keep that upon the 2. Let your medicine something i f sixth. wheels, because the Sun is the foundation of pathetical to the Lord of the 3. Let your medicine be something of life, and therefore those universal remedies, Aurum Potabile, and the Philosopher's the nature of the sign ascending. be ! Tenth of the Lord 4. If the strong, Stone, cure all diseases by fortifying the 1

iii

.

make

use of his medicines.

[

.10*. i/*i.

heart.

THE

ENGLISH PHYSICIAN AND

FAMILY DIPENSATORY. AN ASTRO LOGO-PHYSICAL DISCOURSE OF THE HUMAN VIRTUES IN THE BODY OF MAN; BOTH PRINCIPAL AND ADMINISTERING. HUMAN for

virtues are either

procreation,

PRINCIPAL!

and conswalion

;

or

AD _

this d iscourse THE ""P 6 . serve in soundness and vigour,

/

is >

To P re ;

he

mmd

understanding of man; to strengthen UNSTRING, for Attraction, Digestion, and health ' l e the reseie " n ' P resei the b" te 7 an able Retention, or Expulsion. fi co-artificer, or teach a man to be Virtues conservative, are Vital, Natural, helper of nature, to withstand and expel

m

!

i

and Animal.

By

Diseases.

the natural are bred

I shall touch only the principal faculties

Blood, Choler,

The animal

virtue is Intellective,

which being kept due decorum, preserve the body in

both of body and mind

Flegm, and Melancholy.

and Sen-

in a j

;

health, and the mind in vigour. The Intellective is Imagination, Judgment,! I shall in this place speak of them only and Memory. Jin the general, as they are laid down to The sensitive is Common, and Particular, your view in the Synopsis, in the former The particular is Seeing, Hearing, Smell- pages, and in the same order, Virtue Procreative~\ The first in order, is ing, Tasting, and Feeling. 3 i

sitive.

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j

1

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

212

the Virtue Procreative : for natural regards not only the conservation of itself,

Choler

5

made of meat more than

is

per-

buttojfectly concocted; and it is the spume or froth of blood its like, and conserve in Species. it clarifies all the beget humours, The seat of this is the Member of Gene- heats the body, nourishes the apprehension. ration, and is governed principally by the as blood doth the judgment: It is in quality hot and dry fortifies the attractive faculty, influence of Venus. It is augmented and encreased by the as blood doth the digestive; moves man to strength of Venus, by her Herbs, Roots, activity and valour: its receptacle is the a d it is under the influence of Mara. Trees, Minerals, &c. jgall* It is diminished and purged by those of Flegm is made of meat not perfectly dithose of and Mars, igested; it fortifiesthe virtue expulsive,makes quite extinguished by :

j ?

j

;

j

j

j

\

Saturn.

the

\

body

slippery,

fit

for ejection;

it fortifies

Observe the hour and Medicines of Vemts,\ the brain by its consimilitude Avith it ; yet to fortify; of Mars, to cleanse this virtue ; it spoils apprehension by its antipathy to it: of Saturn, to extinguish it. I It qualifies choler, cools and moistens the virtue is The conservative heart, thereby sustaining it, and the whole Conservative.'] Vital, Natural, Animal. body, from the fiery effects, which continual its residence motion would Vital hath The Its receptacle is spirit produce. Vital.~\ it the is from the and and is in the heart, by dispersed lungs, governed by Venus, some Arteries; and is governed by the influence say by the Moon, perhaps it may be goof the Sun. And it is to the body, as the verned by them both, it is cold and moist in


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j

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being eaten alone, causeth head-ache, by its heat procures urine. Galen. See Ageratum. Siipatorium. Euphragia. Eyebright is something hot and dry, the very sight of it refresheth the third degree,

eyes

;

inwardly taken,

it

restores the sight,

!

modiously boiled in white wine.

\

and then

Remember

need not repeat it. Goat's-rue Temperate in Galega. resists kills worms, helps poison, quality, but

this,

I

:

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j

j

the falling-sickness, resists the pestilence, You may take a dram of it at a time in

and makes old men's eyes young, a dram powder. of it taken in the morning is worth a pair Galion. Ladies-bed straw dry and bindin boiled of spectacles, it comforts and strengthens ing, stanches blood, oil, the oil is the memory, outwardly applied to the good to anoint a weary traveller inwardly ;

:

j

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j

place, helps the eyes. ~\ Filix fcemina. Filicula, polypidium. > See the roots. it

Filipendula.

exceedingly, helps digestion, provokes urine, helps inflammations of the eyes, secures cloaths from moths. Ffeniciilum. Fennel, encreaseth milk in nurses, provokes urine, breaks the stone, easeth pains in the reins, opens stoppings, breaks wind, provokes the menses; you boil

it

j

in white wine.

provokes venery. See the Gentiana. Genista.

j

Malahathram. Indian -leaf, hot and dry in the second degree, comforts the stomach

may

it

j

j

{ ;

j \

j

Brooms

:

root.

hot and dry in the

second degree, cleanse and open thestomach, break the stone in the reins and bladder, Let such as are help the green sickness. with troubled heart-qualms or faintings, forbear it, for it weakens the heart and See the flowers. spirit vital. Geranium. Cranebill, the divers sorts of is that which is called which one of it, Muscata; it is thought to be cool and dry, helps hot swellings, and by its smell amends

ja

hot brain.

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

238

Geranium Columbinum. Doves-foot helps milk in nurses, and outwardly by ointment the wind cholic, pains in the belly, stone in helps leprosies. The same with Empetron. the reins and bladder, and is good in rupHerntaria. inward wounds. I Hehine. Pellitory of the wall. Cold, tures, and suppose these \ are the general virtues of them all. moist, cleansing, helps the stone and gravel in the kidnies, difficulty of urine, sore Gramen. Grass See the root. i

;

,

|

j

:

Hedge-Hyssop, purges water throats, pains in the ears, the juice being and flegm, but works very churlishly. dropped in them ; outwardly it helps the Gesner commends it in dropsies. shingles and St. Anthony sfire. See the root. Hyppoglossnm. Asphodelus fcem. Horse-tongue, Tongueor Lichen. blade cold and Liverwort, Hepatica, Double-Tongue. The roots help for inflammations the of the liver, dry, good stranguary, provoke urine, ease the I hard labour of women, provoke the menses, or any other inflammations, yellow jaundice. Hedera Arborea, Terrostris. Tree and the herb helps ruptures and the fits of the Ground-Ivy. Tree-Ivy helps ulcers, burn- mother it is hot in the second degree, dry in the first boil it in white wine. ings, scaldings, the bad effects of the spleen Gratiola.

}

:

;

i '

:

:

;

the juice snuffed it is

up the

admirable for

nose, purges the surfeits or head-

head, ache, or any other ill effects coming of drunkenness. Ground-Ivy is that which usually is called Alehoof, hot and dry, the juice helps noise in the ears, fistula's, gouts, stoppings of the liver, it strengthens the reins and stops the menses, helps the yellow jaundice, and other diseases coming of stoppings of the liver, and is excellent for wounded people. Herba Camphorata. Stinking Groundpine, is of a drying quality, and therefore stops defluxions either in the eyes or upon the lungs, the gout, cramps, palsies, aches :

strengthens the nerves.

Herbu

Paralysis,

Primula

veris.

Prim-

The roses, or Cowslips, which you will. leaves help pains in the head and joints ; see the flowers which are most in use.

Hyppolapathum.

Rhubarb

:

Hypposclinum. ders

:

Patience,

or

Monk's

see the Root.

Alexanders,

or Alisan-

provoke urine, expel the placenta,

help the stranguary, expel wind. Sage either taken inwardly or beaten and applied plaister-wise to the matrix, draws

menses and placenta. Horminum. Clary hot and dry third degree; helps the weakness forth both

:

in the in the

back, stops the running of the reins, and the Fluor Albus, provokes the menses, and helps women that are barren through coldness or moisture, or both : causes fruitfulThe ness, but is hurtful for the memory. usual way of taking it is to fry it with butter, or make a tansy with it.

Arsmart. Hot and dry, Hydropiper. consumes all coJd swellings and blood congealed by bruises, and stripes

to ; applied that in the helps aposthume berry. It is good for wounds, falls, bruises, | joints, commonly called a felon : strewed aposthumes, inflammations, ulcers in the in a chamber, kills all the fleas there : this Herb True-love, is very cold in is hottest Arsmart, and is unfit to be given privities. there is a milder sort, called temperature. You may take half a dram inwardly of it at a time in powder. Persicaria, which is of a cooler and milder Herba Roberti. kind of Cranebill. quality, drying, excellently good for putri-

Herba

Paris.

Herb

True-love, or One-

the place,

it

:

A

Herba

venti^

Anemone. Wind-flower. The ned ulcers,

juice snuffed up in the nose purgeth the head, it cleanses filthy ulcers, encreases

kills

worms

:

I

had almost

for-

got that the former is an admirable remedy for the gout, being roasted between two

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

239

and applied to the grieved place, and as also inflammation and falling out of the fundament. yet 1 had it from Dr. Butler too. Iris. See the roots. shortHysop. Helps coughs, Hysopus. Woad. Drying and ness of breath, wheezing, distillations upon Isatis, Glastmn. tiles

j

j

of a cleansing quality

kills binding ; the side being bathed with it, it the body, amends the whole easeth pains in the spleen, cleanseth filthy colour of the body, helps the dropsy and corroding gnawing ulcers. noise in the ears. Iva Arthritica. The same with spleen, sore throats, and Cameepytis, luncus oderatus. The same with SchceSee Syrup of Hysop. Henbane. The white! nanthus. Hyosciamus, $c. Henbane is held to be cold in the third \ Labrum veneris. The same with Dipsacus. Lactuca. Lettice. Cold and moist, cools degree, the black or common Henbane and j the yellow, in the fourth. They stupify the inflammation of the stomach, commonly the senses, and therefore not to be taken \ called heart-burning: provokes sleep, resists inwardly, outwardly applied, they help; drunkenness, and takes away the ill effects, inflammations, hot gouts applied to the of it; cools the blood, quenches thirst, breeds

theiungs:

worms

it is

:

in

\

:

temples they provoke sleep. St. John's Wort. Hypericon. gallant a wound-herb as any

milk, and

is

good

for choleric bodies,

and

such as have a frenzy, or are frantic. It is either more wholesome eaten boiled than raw. is, A kind of Logabus, Herba Leporina. given inwardly, or outwardly applied toj the wound it is hot and dry, opens stopp- Trefoil growing in France and Spain. Let of and them that live there look after the virtues blood, vomiting ings, helps spitting it cleanses the reins, provokes the menses, of it. Lavendida. Lavender Hot and dry in helps congealed blood in the stomach and meseraic veins, the falling-sickness, palsy, the third degree the temples and forehead cramps and aches in the joints ; you may bathed with the juice of it; as also the smell give it in powder or any convenient decoc- of the herb helps swoonings, catalepsis, tion. falling-sickness, provided it be not accomLaurel Alexandrina. Hypoglottis, Laurus, panied with a fever. See the flowers. of Alexandria, provokes urine and the Laureola. Laurel. The leaves purge menses, and is held to be a singular help to upward and downward they are good for women in travail. rheumatic people to chew in their mouths, with for the same they draw forth much water. Hypoglossum Hypoglossum, Laurus. The leaves are hot before, only different names given by difBay-tree. ferent authors, the one deriving his name and dry, resist drunkenness, they gently from the tongue of a horse, of which form bind and help diseases in the bladder, help the leaf is ; the other the form of the little the stinging of bees and wasps, mitigate leaf, because small leaves like small tongues t the pain of the stomach, dry and heal, grow upon the greater. open obstructions of the liver and spleen, Iheris Cardamantice. Sciati ca- cresses. resist the pestilence. I suppose so called because they help the Lappa Minor. The lesser Burdock. Lentiscus. Mastich-tree. Both the leaves Sciatica, or Huckle-bone Gout. or bark of it stop fluxes (being hot and Asther. Setwort and Ingunialis, Shart-j wort : being bruised and applied, they help dry in the second degree) spitting and swellings, botches, and venerous swellings j evacuations of blood, and the falling out in the groin, whence they took their name, of the fundament. It is as

!

!

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5

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

240

Lens palustris. Duckmeat Cold and moist in the second degree, helps inflamrnations, hot swellings, and the falling out of | the fundament, being warmed and applied J to the place. { :

\

;

provoke urine

,

the

young

sprouts open

stoppings of the liver and spleen, cleanse the blood, clear the skin, help scabs and

help agues, purge choler: they are usually boiled and taken as they eat asparagus, \ Lcpidium Piperites. Dittander, Pepper- but if you would keep them, for they are hot fiery sharp herb, excellent for these diseases, you may make wort, or Scar-wort j admirable for the gout being applied to the \ them into a conserve, or into a syrup, place being only held in the hand, it helps j Lychnitis Coronaria : or as others write the tooth-ache, and withall leaves a wan Rose Campion. I know no jit, Lychnis. colour in the hand that holds it. great physical virtue it hath. Livisticum. ! Clears the Mads. See the barks, Lovage. sight, takes away redness and freckles from the I Magistrantia. $c. Masterwort. Hot and face. i dry in the third degree it is good against :

itch,

A

:

I

:

corrupt and unwholeI some air, helps windiness in the stomach, \ causeth an appetite to one's victuals, very in the falls and bruises, of the \ profitable provokes urine, opens stoppings congealed liver and spleen, and helps diseases coming j and clotted blood, the bitings of mad-dogs; thereof: outwardly it takes away yellow- the leaves chewed in the mouth, cleanse the ness and deformity of the skin. \ brain of superfluous humours, thereby preLillium convallium. Lilly of the Valley. 5 venting lethargies, and apoplexes. See the flowers. Malva. Mallows. The best of Authors wild Mallows to be best, and hold Cervina. account Lingua Hart's-tongue drying | and binding, stops blood, the menses and them to be cold and moist in the first degree, j fluxes, opens stoppings of the liver and [ they are profitable in the bitings of venomThe j ous beasts, the stinging of bees and wasps, spleen, and diseases thence arising. like quantity of Hart's-tongue, Knotgrass &c. Inwardly they resist poison, provoke and Comfrey Roots, being boiled in water, to stool ; outwardly they assuage hard and a draught of the decoction drunk every swellings of the privities or other places; in morning, and the materials which have clysters they help roughness and fretting of boiled applied to the place, is a notable the entrails, bladder, or fundament ; and so remedy for such as are bursten. they do being boiled in water, and the Limonium. Sea-bugloss, or Marsh-bug- decoction drank, as I have proved in the loss, or Sea-Lavender; the seeds being very bloody flux. drying and binding, slop fluxes and the Majorana. See Amaraeus. Mandrakes. Fit for no menses, help the cholic and stranguary. Mandragora. Lotus urbana. Authors make some flutter vulgar use, but only to be used in cooling about this herb, I conceive the best take \t\ ointments. Libanotis Coronaria. See Rosemary. Linaria. Toad-flax, or Wild-flax: hot and dry, cleanses the reins and bladder,

poison,

;

pestilence,

i

:

j

j

be Trisolium Odoratum, Sweet TrefoylJ Marrubium, album, nigrum, fcetidum. is of a Marrubium cleanses album, is common Horehound. temperate nature, the eyes gently of such things as hinder the Hot in the second degree, and dry in the wounds, ruptures, or third, opens the liver and spleen, cleanses sight, cures green as urine blood or are! the breast and lungs, helps old coughs, such burstness, helps and secures garments from moths. pains in the sides, ptisicks, or ulceration of bruised, Lupidus. Hops. Opening, cleansing, the lungs, it provokes the menses, eases to

which

| 1

j

!

j

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

241

hard labour in child-bearing, brings away stomach, stay vomiting, stop the menses, Se the syrups. the placenta. help sore heads in children, strengthen the Black ct stomach, cause digestion ; outwardly apMarrubium, nigrum, fcetidum. and stinking Horehouud, I take to be all plied, they help the bitings of mad-dogs Hot and dry in the third degree; Yet they hinder conception. one. Memba aquatica. "Water Mints Ease cures the bitings of mad dogs, wastes and | and in the fundament consumes hard knots pains of the belly, head-ache, and vomiting, i

;

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i gravel in the kidnies and stone. matrix, cleanses filthy ulcers. Marum. Herb Mastich. Hot and dry \ Methastrum. Horse-mint. I know no in the third degree, good against cramps difference between them and water mints, and convulsions. Mercurialis, mas,fcemina. Mercury male Matricaria. Feverfew. Hot in the third? and female, they are both hot and dry in the second degree, cleansing, digesting, they degree, dry in the second ; opens, purges ; a singular remedy for diseases incident to j purge watery humours, and further concepthe matrix, and other diseases incident to tion. Mezereon. women, eases their travail, and infirmities Spruge-Olive, or Widdowwail. the or after it it dis-i dangerous purge, better let alone helps vertigo coming siness of the head, melancholy sad thoughts [than meddled with. you may boil it either alone, or with other j Millefolium. Yarrow. Meanly cold and herbs fit for the same purpose, with which binding, an healing herb for wounds, this treatise will furnish you applied to stanches bleeding and some say the juice snuffed up the nose, causeth it to bleed, the wrists, it helps the ague. { it whence was called, Nose-bleed; it The same with Caprifolium. \ Matrisylva. Meliotus. Melilot. Inwardly taken, pro- stops lasks, and the menses, helps the j vokes urine, breaks the Stone, cleanses the running of the reins, helps inflammations reins and bladder, cutteth and cleanses the and excoriations of the priapus, as also Galen. the juice dropped inflammations of wounds. lungs of tough flegm Muicia. Mosse. Is something cold and into the eyes, clears the sight, into the ears, mitigates pain and noise there ; the head binding, yet usually retains a smatch of the bathed with the juice mixed with vinegar, property of the tree it grows on; therefore takes away the pains thereof: outwardly that which grows upon oaks is very dry and in pultisses, it assuages swellings in the pri- binding. Serapio saith that it being infused in wine, and the wine drank, it stays voraitvities and elsewhere. \

j

j

;

A

:

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j

,

j '

ing and fluxes, as also the Fluor Albus. The leaves are Myrtle-tree. Myrtus. wardly mixed with salt and applied to the: 'of a cold of the mad neck, helps earthly quality, drying and biridKing's-evil, bitings and such as venomous cannot beasts, ing, good for fluxes, spitting and vomiting of dogs, hold their neck as they should do; inwardly blood ; stop the Fluor Albus and menses. Nardus. See the root, it is an excellent remedy for a cold and moist stomach, cheers the heart, refreshes Water Nasturtium, Aquaticum, Hortense. j Gardenthe mind, takes away griefs, sorrow, and \ cresses, and Garden-cresses. care, instead of which it produces joy and j cresses are hot and dry in the fourth degree, mirth. See the syrup. Galen, Avicenna. good for thes curvy, sciatica, hard swellings, Mentha sativa. Garden Mints, Spear yet do they trouble the belly, ease pains o Mints. Are hot and dry in the third degree, \ the spleen, provoke lust. Dioscorides. Waterprovoke hunger, are wholesome for the cresses are hot and dry, cleanse the blood Mellissa.

Balm.

Hot and dry:

out-

\

j

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f

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

242

help the scurvy, provoke urine and the menses, break the stone, help the green-sickness, cause a fresh lively colour. Nasturtium Alhum, Thlaspie. Treaclemustard. Hot and dry in the third degree,

days without either meat or by only chewing a little of this in

travel four

drink,

j

mouths It eases the body o* superfluous humours, opens stoppings See the ointment of Tobacco. Nummularia. Money-wort, or Herb purges violently, dangerous for pregnant women. Outwardly it is applied with profit Two-pence; cold, dry, binding, helps fluxes, their

:

stops the menses, helps ulcers in the lungs Tobacco. It is hot and dry outwardly it is a special herb for wounds, in the second degree, and of a cleansing Nymphea. See the flowers, * nature the leaves warmed and applied to Ocynum. Basil, hot and moist. The best the head, are excellently good in inveterate use that I know of it, is, it gives speedy head-aches and megrims, if the diseases | deliverance to women in travail. Let them come through cold or wind, change them not take above half a dram of it at a time often till the diseases be gone, help such in powder, and be sure also the birth be whose necks be stiff: it eases the faults of tripe, else it causes abortion, Olea folia. Olive leaves they are hard the breast Asthma's or head-flegm in the to the gout. Nicorimi.

;

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lappets of the lungs eases the pains of the to come by here. Ononis. Restharrow. See the roots, stomach and windiness thereof: being heated hot to and the side, they \ Ophioglossum. Adder's-tongue. The leaves by the fire, applied :

i

|

kill worms being ap- are very drying being boiled in oil they a unto it in like manner make break dainty green balsam for green they plied the stone being applied in like manner to wounds taken inwardly, they help inward the region of the bladder help the rickets, wounds. j Origany: a kind of wild Origanum. being applied to the belly and sides: applied ] to the navel, they give present ease to the Marjoram ; hot and dry in the third degree, | fits of the mother they take away cold helps the bi tings of venomous beasts, such aches in the joints applied to them boiled, as have taken Opium, Hemlock, or Poppy

loosen the belly, and

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the liquor absolutely and speedily cures scabs and itch: neither is there any better? salve in the world for wounds than may be made of it for it cleanses, fetches out the filth though it lie in the bones, brings up the flesh from the bottom, and all this it doth speedily it cures wounds made with poi- j soned weapons, and for this Clusius brings many experiences too tedious here to relate. )

down

the menses,

provokes urine, brings helps old coughs; in an ointment

it

helps

scabs and itch.

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Oxylapathum. Papaver, $c. erratick.

Sorrel.

See Acetosa.

Poppies, white, black, or you to the syrups of each, Given once before under the

I refer

Parietaria.

name of Helxine.

See the roots. Pastirwea. Parsnips. an admirable thing for carbuncles and See Hydropiper. This is the Persicaria. plague-sores, inferior to none green wounds milder sort of Arsmart I described there: 'twill cure in a trice ulcers and gangreens If ever you find it amongst the compounds, not only in men, but also in j take it under that notion, very speedily, It is

:

;

:

j

beasts, therefore the Indians dedicated it to j Pentaphyllium. Cinquefoil : very drying, Taken in a pipe, it hath almost! yet but meanly hot, if at all ; helps ulcers their god. as many virtues ; it easeth weariness, takes j in the mouth, roughness of the wind-pipe

away

pro- (whence comes hoarsness and coughs, &c.) he saith, the Indians will helps fluxes, creeping ulcers, and the yellow

the sense of hunger

vokes to stool

:

and

thirst,

j !

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. jaundice ; they say one leaf cures a quotidian ague, three a tertain, and four a quartan. I know it will cure agues without this curiosity, if a wise man have the handwill not ling of it ; otherwise a cart load

do

it.

j I

j \

j

|

See Smallage. Petroseiinum. Parsley. Per Columbinus. See Geranium.

;

243

all inward inflammations whatsoever, Poirum. Leeks. See the roots, Primula Veris. See Cowslips, or the which Flowers, you will,

helps

Prunella.

Self-heal,

Carpenter's-herb,

and Sicklewort. Moderately hot and dry, See Bugle, the virtues being the binding.

same. Persicanum folia. Peach Leaves: they] Pennyroyal; hot and dry in Pulegium. are a gentle, yet a complete purger of [the third degree; provokes urine, breaks the stone in the reins, strengthens women's choler, and disease coming from thence n't for children because of their gentleness. backs, provokes the menses, easeth their You may boil them in white wine: a hand- labour in child-bed, brings away the plafull is enough at a time. centa, stays vomiting, strengthens the brain, Mouse-ear once before and breaks wind, and helps the vertigo, Pilosella. ;

\

J

5

\

j

:

j

this is often

Pulmonaria, arborea, et Symphytum maciilosum. of Lung- wort. It helps infirmities of Spurge Pithyusa. the last Edition. the lungs, as hoarsness, coughs, wheezing, You may boil it Plantago. Plantain. Cold and dry ; an shortness of breath, &c. in or let none other deswater that common, herb, though any yet Hyssop-water, for of it the the decoction lungs. prevails strengthens pise it, Pulicaria. Fleabane hot and dry in the mightily against tormenting pains and excoriations of the entrails, bloody fluxes, it third degree, helps the biting of venomous stops the menses, and spitting of blood, j beasts, wounds and swellings, the } ellow phthisicks, or consumptions of the lungs, jaundice, the falling sickness, and such as the running of the reins, and the Fluor cannot make water; being burnt, the smoak Albus, pains in the head, and frenzies: out- of it kills all the gnats and fleas in the

enough.

A

new name

for

j

j

;

j

r

5

;

\

clears the sight, takes away inflammations, scabs, itch, the shingles, and all spreading sores, and is as wholesome an

wardly

;

chamber women.

|

know no

it

herb as can grow about any an house. Tragus, Dioscorides. Folium, fyc. Policy, or Pellamountain All the sorts are hot in the second degree, and dry in the third: helps dropsies, the yellow jaundice, infirmities of the spleen, and

j

Pyrus

Polygonum.

Dioscorides.

j

for

dangerous

sylvestris.

Wild

pregnant

Pear-tree.

I

virtue in the leaves.

Cold and dry, Winter-green. and very binding, slops fluxes, and the menses, and is admirably good in green Quercus folia. Oak Leaves Are much of the nature of the former, stay the Fluor Albus. See the bark. Ranunculus. Hath got a sort of English :

\

and moist Names j

cools hot admirable for one that

is

wounds. \

Knotgrass.

Maidenhair. Polytricum. Purslain: Cold Portulaca. in the second or third degree

it

Pyrola.

:

provokes urine.

;

:

Crowfoot, King-kob, Gold-cups, Gold-knobs, Butter-flowers, &c. they are of a notable hot quality, unfit to be taken :

stomachs, and it is hath his teeth on edge by eating sour apples, inwardly If you bruise the roots and apply it cools the blood, liver, and is good for hot them to a plague-sore, they are notable diseases, or inflammations in any of these j things to draw the venom to them, i

:

j

i

places, stops fluxes,

and the menses, and

j

Raparum folia. 3 K

If they do

mean Turnip

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

241

when they are young and tender, are held to provoke urine. they

leaves,

;

\

the boughs stuck about a chamber, wonderfully cool the air, and refresh such as have' fevers ; the leaves applied to the head,

Rosmarirum. Rosemary, hot and dry in the second degree, binding, stops fluxes, help hot diseases there, and frenzies helps stuffings in the head, the yellow jaunSampsucum. Marjoram, Sunicula. Sanicle; hot and dry in the dice, helps the memory, expels wind. Seej the flowers. second Dioscorides. Serapio, degree, cleanses wounds and ulcers. Rosa soils. See the water. Saponaria. Sope-wort, or Bruise-wort, Rosa alba, rubra, Damascena. White, vulgarly used in bruises and cut fingers, i

j 1

j

j

Red, and Damask Roses. Rumex. Dock All the ordinary sort of Docks are of a cool and drying substance, and therefore stop fluxes; and the leaves are seldom used in physic. Ritbits Idaus Raspis, Raspberries, or Hind-berries I know no great virtues in

!

and

is

of notable use in the veneral disease.

Satureia.

;

i

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:

2

:

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the leaves. j Ruta. Rue, or Herb of Grace ; hot and dry in the third degree, consumes the seed,; and is an enemy to generation, helps dif-j ficulty of breathing, and inflammations of: the lungs, pains in the sides, inflammations of the priapus and matrix, naught for pregnant women: no herb resists poison more. It strengthens the heart exceedingly, and j

\

savory is hot and dry in the third degree, Winter savory is not so hot, both of them expel wind. Sazifragia alba. White Saxifrage, breaks wind, helps the cholic and stone, Scabiosa. Scabious hot and dry in the second degree, cleanses the breast and lungs, helps old rotten coughs, and difficulty of breathing, provokes urine, and cleanses the bladder of filthy stuff, breaks aposthumes, and cures scabs and itch. Boil it in white wine. :

\

1

Summer

Savory.

Scariola.

An

Italian

name

for Succory.

Schccnanthus. Schcenanth, Squinanth, or Chamel's hay; hot and binding. It pestilential; and it take what manner will or can. digests times, opens the passages of the veins: you Ruta Muraria. See Adianthum. surely it is as great an expeller of wind as j

no herb

better

than

this

in

[

j

Savin: hot and dry in the third any is. Scordium. Water-Germander, hot and degree, potently provokesthemenses,expels | both birth and afterbirth, they (boiled in dry, cleanses ulcers in the inward parts, it oil and used in ointments) stay creeping provokes urine and the menses, opens scour and freckles sun- stopping of the liver, spleen, reins, bladder, ulcers, away spots, burning from the face the belly anointed and matrix, it is a great counter poison, and see with it kills worms in children. eases the breast oppressed with flegm j Salvia. Sage: hot and dry in the second Diascordium. or third degree, binding, it stays abortion Scrophularia. Figwort, so called of in such women as are subject to come before Scrophula^ the King's Evil, which it cures their times, it causes fruitfulness, it is sin- they say, by being only hung about the If not, bruise it, and apply it to gularly good for the brain, strengthens the \ neck. senses and memory, helps spitting and the place, it helps the piles or hemorrhoids, Sedum. And all his sorts see Barba outwardly, heat hot vomiting of blood with a little vinegar and applied to the side, Jovis. It heats in the second degree Senna. helps stitches <md pains in the sides. SalLr. Willow leaves, are cold, dry, and and dries in the first, cleanses, purges, and it carries downward both choler, binding, stop spitting of blood, and fluxes; Sabina.

j

\

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j s

;

:

1

\

1

j

:

:

I;

i

j

[digests;

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. flegm, and melancholy, it cleanses the brain, heart, liver, spleen; it cheers the; senses, opens obstructions, takes away dul- j ness of sight, helps deafness, helps mclan- \ clioly and madness, resists resolution of the nerves, pains of the head, scabs, itch, falling-sickness, the windiness of it is corrected with a little ginger. You may boil half an \ ounce of it at a time, in water or white \ wine, but boil it not too much ; half an ounce is a moderate dose to be boiled for \ any reasonable body. Mother-of-Time, with Time ; \ Serpillum. it is hot and dry in the third degree, it pro- j vokes the menses, and helps the stranguary or stoppage of urine, gripings in the belly, ruptures, convulsions, inflammation of the liver, lethargy, and infirmities of the spleen, j boil it in white wine. Mtius, Galen. :

i




\

2k5

usually found about old ruinous buildings it is so called because of its virtue "in :

stopping fluxes. Shinachia. I never read Spinage. any virtues of it. physical See the root. Spina Alba. See Nardus. Spica. Silver

St

i

,

i

pain Nutmegs^ strengthen the brain, stomach, the womb, and dropsies, and liver, provoke urine, ease the pains Cherries, are of different qualities accordofj the spleen, stop looseness, ease pains of the ing to their different taste, the sweet arc head, and pains in the joints, strengthen the': quickest of digestion, but the sour arc more body, take away weakness coining of cold,'| pleasing to a hot stomach, and procure and cause a sweet breath. to one's meat. .j appetite ;

|

|

|

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

219

Medlars,are strengthening to the stomach, confident a child of three years old, it' you bind inding, and the green are more binding should give it Raisins of the sun or Cherries, than the rotten, and the dry than the green. would not ask how it should take them. j

Olives, cool

and bind.

and English-currants, cool the stomach, in acute are profitable fevers, they quench thirst, resist vomiting, cool the heat of and are good

SEEDS OR GRAINS.

Coriander seed, hot and dry, expels wind, is hurtful to the head sends up unare of of! nature wholesome to or Checkers the the brain, dangerous Services, vapours

choler, provoke appetite,

for

hot complexions.

| |

but

Medlars, but something weaker in opera- 1 for

;

mad

people, Fern/greek seeds, are of a softening, discool the heat nature, they cease inflammations, Barbcrries, quench thirst, | cussing of choler, resist the pestilence, stay vomiting | be they internal or external: bruised and and fluxes, stop the menses, kill worms, mixed with vinegar they ease the pains of being applied to tl.e sides, help spitting of blood, fasten the teeth, and the spleen hardness and swellings of the matrix, the help gums. strengthen the the cool and decoction helps scabby stomach, liver, Strawberries, being boiled, blood, but are very hurtful for such as have heads. Lin-seed hath the same virtues with Fenuagues. tion.

j !

:

I

j

Winter-Cherries, potently provoke urine, and break the stone.

j

greek,

Gromwett seed, provokes urine, helps the Cassia-fatula, is temperate in quality, cholic, breaks the stone, and expels wind, gently purgeth choler and flegm, clarifies Boil them in white wine ; but bruise them ;

the blood, resists fevers, cleanses the breast first. lungs, it cools the reins, and thereby j Lupines, ease the pains of the spleen, resists the breeding of the stone, it worms and cast them out: outwardly, ! kill provokes urine, and therefore is exceeding good for they cleanse filthy ulcers, and gangrenes, the running of the reins in men, and the? help scabs, itch, and inflammations. Fluor Albus in women. Dill seed, encreases milk in nurses, expels All the sorts or Myrobalans, purge the wind, stays vomitings, provokes urine yet stomach; the Indian Myrobalans, are held j it dulls the sight, and is an enemy to gencto purge melancholy most especially, the ration. other flegm yet take heed you use them Smallage seed, provokes urine and the not in stoppings of the bowels they are menses, expels wind, resists poison, and cold and dry, they all strengthen the heart, eases inward pains, it opens stoppings in brain, and sinews, strengthen the stomach, any part of the body, yet it is hurtful for relieve the senses, take away tremblings and such as have the falling-sickness, and for heart-qualms. They are seldom used alone, pregnant women. Rocket seed, provokes urine, stirs up lust, Prunes, are cooling and loosening. are cold in and the encreases second Tamarinds, seed, kills worms, eases pains of dry \ cool the the Use all these in like manner, blood, | degree, they purge choler, spleen. Basil seed If we may believe Diosco stay vomiting, help the yellow jaundice, cool thirst, hot and rides and Crescentius, cheers the heart, and hot stomachs, quench \ livers. a moist stomach, drives away j strengthens * I omit the use of these also as resting melancholy, and provokes urine.

and

j

;

{

j i

;

:

j

j

:

j

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

250

The seeds of Water-cresses, heat, yet trouof the ble the stomach and belly ease the inflammations of womb, pages helps pains of the sides and lungs ; purgeth the breast: of the spleen, are very dangerous for boil them (being bruised) in white wine women, yet they provoke lustpregnant also. outwardly applied, they help leprosies, scald The seeds of Ammi, or Bishop' s-weed, heads, and the falling off of hair, as also heat and dry, help difficulty of urine, and carbuncles, and cold ulcers in the joints. the pains of the cholic, the bitings of venomMustard seed, heats, extenuates, and ous beasts they provoke the menses, and draws moisture from the brain the head purge the womb. being shaved and anointed with Mustard, jinnis seeds, heat and dry, ease is a expain, good remedy for the lethargy, it helps a sweet breath, help the filthy ulcers, and hard swellings in the pel wind, cause resist dropsy, poison, breed milk, and stop mouth, it helps old aches coming of cold. the Fluor Albus in women, provoke French Barley, is cooling, nourishing, and venery, and ease the head-ache. breeds milk Ntttle seed, provokes venery, opens stop-

;

;

:

Sorrel seeds, potently resist poison, Cardamoms, heat, kill worms, cleanse the help and urine. reins, fluxes, and such stomachs as loath their provoke Fennel seed, breaks wind, provokes urine meat. and the menses, encreases milk in nurses. Succory seed, cools the heat of the blood,

Cummin

and dry, stop extinguishes lust, opens stoppings of the blood, expel wind, ease pain, help the liver and bowels, it allays the heat of the bitings of venomous beast outwardly ap- body, and produces a good colour, it plied (viz. in Plaisters) they are of a dis- j strengthens the stomach, liver, and reins. cussing nature. Poppy seeds, ease pain, provoke sleep. Carrot seeds, are windy, provoke lust ex- Your besl way is* to make an emulsion of ceedingly, and encrease seed, provoke urine them with barley Avater. and the menses, cause speedy delivery to Mallow seeds, ease pains in the bladder. women in travail, and bring away the Chich-pease, are windy, provoke lust, enAll these also may be boiled in crease milk in nurses, provoke the menses, placenta. white wine. outwardly, they help scabs, itch, and inin boiled and the fore- flammations of the testicles, ulcers, &c. oil, Nigella seeds, head anointed with it, ease pains in the White Saxifrage seeds, provoke urine, exhead, take away leprosy, itch, scurf, and pel wind, and break the stone. Boil them Inwardly taken they in white wine. help scald heads Rue seeds, helps such as cannot hold expel worms, they provoke urine, and the seed, heat, bind, :

:

menses, help difficulty of breathing. Stavesacre* kills lice in the head, I hold it not fitting to be given inwardly. Olibanum mixed with as much Barrow's Grease (beat the Olibanum first in powder) and boiled together, make an ointment

their water. Lettice seed, cools the

blood,

restrains

venery.

Also Gourds, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melons, Purslain, and Endive seeds, cool the blood, as also the stomach, spleen, and reins, and

which Avill kill the lice in children's heads, allay the heat of fevers. Use them as you and such as are subject to breed them, wilji were taught to do poppy-seeds. never breed them. A Medicine cheap, Wormseed, expels wind, kills worms. safe, and sure, which breeds no annoyance Ash-tree Keys, ease pains in the sides, to the brain. help the dropsy, relieve men weary with

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED labour, provoke vcnery,

and make the body name you \

lean.

|

Piony seeds, help the Ephialtcs, or the j disease the vulgar call the Mare, as also the j fits of the mother, and other such like in-! lirmities of the womb, stop the menses, and I help convulsions.

Broom

seed,

provoke

urine,

251

a desperate purge, hurtful to the body by reason of its heat, windiness, corroding, or gnawing, and violence of working. I would advise my countrymen to let it alone; it will gnaw their bodies as fast as doctors gnaw their purses, Opopanax, is of a heating, molifying : please,

is

digesting quality. Gum Elemi, is exceeding good for fracCitron seeds, strengthen the heart, cheer I tures of the skull, as also in wounds, and the vital spirit, resist pestilence and poison, therefore is put in plaisters for that end.

potently

j

break the stone.

j

]

TEARS, LIQUORS,

AND

See Arceus his Liniment. Tragacanthum, commonly called Gum Traganth, and Gum Dragon, helps coughs,

ROZINS.

hoarseness, and distillations on the lungs, of a Bdellium, heats and softens, helps hard Laudanum, heating, mollifying} nature, it opens the mouth of the veins, j swellings, ruptures, pains in the sides, hardstays the hair from falling off, helps pains ness of the sinews. Galbanum. Hot and dry, discussing ; in the ears, and hardness of the womb. It is used only outwardly in plaisters. applied to the womb, it hastens both birth Is commonly used to allay | and after-birth, applied to the navel it stays Assafcetida. the strangling of the womb, commonly the fits of the mother by smelling to it called the fits of the mother, helps pains in it taken, lust, they say, inwardly provokes the sides, and difficulty of breathing, being and expels wind. or makes a Benzoin, Benjamin, good per- applied to it, and the smell of it helps the fume. vertigo or dizincss in the head. Myrh, heats and dries, opens and softens Sanguis Draconis, cools and binds exceedthe womb, provokes the birth and afteringly. birth and choler and with ; Aloes, purges inwardly taken, it helps old coughs flegm, such deliberation that it is often given to and hoarseness, pains in the sides, kills worms, withstand the violence of other purges, it and helps a stinking breath, helps the wastpreserves the senses and betters the appre- ing of the gums, fastens the teeth: outwardly hension, it strengthens the liver, and helps it helps wounds, and fills up ulcers with You may take half a dram at a the yellow-jaundice. Yet is naught for such } flesh. as are troubled with the hemorrhoids, or time, have agues. I do not like it taken raw. ) Mastich, strengthens the stomach exceedSec Aloe Rosata, which is nothing but it 1 ingly, helps such as vomit or spit blood, it washed with the juice of roses. fastens the teeth and strengthens the gums, Manna, is temperately hot, of a mighty j being chewed in the mouth, dilative quality, windy, cleanses choler Frankinsense, and Olibanum, heat and it also cleanses the and throat bind, fill up old ulcers with flesh, stop bleedgently, stomach. take child may an ounce of it ing, but is extremely bad for mad people, at a time melted in milk, and the dross Turpentine, Purges, cleanses the reins, strained out, it is good for them when they helps the running of them, are scabby. Styrax Calamitis, helps coughs, and disor Scamony, Diagridium, call it by which tillations upon the lungs, hoarseness, want 5

is

;

I

\

j

i

!

j

'

1

|

i

A

i

1

3x

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

252 of voice, hardness of the bad for head-aches

womb, but

it is |

LIVING CREATURES.

Ammonicaum, applied to the side, helps the hardness and pains of the Millepedes (so called from ihe multitude spleen. eases of the head Camphire, pains coining of their feet, though it cannot be supposed they \

\

of heat, takes

any place

away inflammations,

to which

it is

arid cools

applied.

j

^

have a thousand) sows, hog-lice, wood-lice, being bruised and mired with wine, they pro-

voke urine, help the yellow jaundice outwardly { being boiled in oil, help pains in the ears, a \drop be-ins put into them. rfi t r. i Lhe a flesh of vipers being eaten, clear the I

THAT

juices have the same virtues sight, help the vices of the nerves, resist poison with the herbs or fruits whereof they are j exceedingly, neither is there any better remedy made, I suppose few or none will deny, \under the sun for their bitings than the head all

;

therefore I shall only and that briefly.

name a few of them,

Sugar is held to be hot in the

\

first

colds.

$

you, bruised and applied and the flesh eaten, you need not above a dram at a time, and make it up a?

of the viper that to

degree, strengthens the lungs, takes away the roughness of the throat, succours the reins and bladder. The juice of Citrons cools the blood, strengthens the heart, mitigates the violent heat of fevers. The juice of Lemons works the same effeet, but not so powerfully. Juice of Liquorice, strengthens the lungs,

helps coughs and

$

eat

bit

the place,

you shall be taught in troches of vipers. Neither any comparable to the stinging of bees and 1 wasps, $c. than the same that sting you, bruised and applied to the place. Land Scorpions cure their own stingings 'y the same means ; the ashes of them (being burnt) potently provokes urine, and breaks the i

j

!

\stone. j

\ \

Earth-worms, are an admirable remedy for cut nerves being applied to the place ; they provoke urine ; see the oil of them, only let me not

\forgp.t one notable thing quoted

by Mizalclus, them powder of put into an PLANTS. hollow fo, it makes out. tooth, drop To draw a tooth without pain,/// #72 earthThese have been treated of before, only two en crucible full of Emmets, Ants, or Pismires, The first of which is* \ exceptcd. Agaricus. Agarick : It purges flegm, eggs and all, and when you have burned them, a tooth choler, and melancholy, from the brain, nerves, keep the ashes, with which if you touch it will out. more muscles, marrow, (or fall properly brain) of\

THINGS BRED FROM

M>A

ITtof the

%

j

\

\

ihe back,

it

cleanses

the breast, lungs, liver,

\

Eels, being put into wine or beer, and suffered to die in it, he that drinks it will never endure

stomach, spleen, reins, womb, joints; it provokes \ urine, and the menses, kills worms, helps pains that sort of liquor again. in the joints, and causes a good colour: it Oysters applied alive to a pestilential swelling, is\ See Syrup draw the venom to them. very seldom or never taken alone. Roses with Crab-fish, burnt to ashes, and a dram of it \

of

Agarick.

taken every morning helps the bitings of mad Lastly, Vicus Quircinus, or Misleto of the Oak, helps the falling-sickness being either] dogs, and all other venomous beasts, taken inwardly, or hung about one's neck. Swallows, being eaten, clear the sight, the \

them (being burnt) eaten, preserve Cashes of

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

253

from drunkenness^ helps sore throats being ap- \ ter than Castoriurn, raw, to which I refer you. plied to them, and inflammation*. the ease \ eaten^ cholic, Grass-hoppers, being Sheep's or Goat's bladder being burnt, and the ashes given inwardly, helps the and pains in the. bladder. \

A

\

being kept in salt, or dried \ Diabetes. and eaten raw^ are an admirable remedy for \ flayed

Hedge Sparrows,

A

Mouse dried and beaten into and given at a time, helps such as \ powder, in cannot their hold water, or have a Diabetes, Young Pigeons being eaten^ help pains called Tenesmus. if like the disease do the three days together. the reins, and you

the stone.

\ :

Ivory, or Elephant's tooth, binds, stops it strengthens the heart and jthe Whites,

1

;

stomach, helps the yellow jaundice, and

P \RTS OF LIVING CREATURES, makes women t

fruitful.

AND EXCREMENTS.

Those small bones which- are found in the fore-feet of an Hare, being beaten into THE brain of Sparrows being eaten, pro-j powder and drank in wine, powerfully provokes lust exceedingly. voke urine. The brain of an Hare being roasted, helps \ Goose grease, and Capons grease, are both trembling, it makes children breed teeth softening, help gnawing sores, stiffness of easily, their gums being rubbed with it, it the womb, and mitigate pain, also helps scald heads, and falling off of I am of opinion that the suet of a Goat anointed with it. the head mixed with a little saffron, is as excellent j hair, being The head of a young Kite, being burnt) an ointment for the gout, especially the to ashes and the quantity of a drachm of it gout in the knees, as any is. taken every morning in a little water, is an Bears grease stays the falling off of the j

j

|

j

j

\

admirable remedy against the gout. Crab-eyes break the stone, and

j

open

\

stoppings of the bowels. j The lungs of a Fox, well dried, (but not burned) is an admirable strengthened toj the lungs see the Lohoch of Fox lungs. \ The liver of a Duck, stops fluxes, and strengthens the liver exceedingly. The liver of a Frog, being dried andj eaten, helps quartan agues, or as the vulgar

hair.

Fox grease helps pains in the

ears,

Elk's Clazvs or hoofs are a sovereign for the falling sickness, though it

remedy

be but a ring, much more being taken inwardly but saith Mizaldus, it must be the hoof of the right foot behind, Milk is an extreme windy meat ; there fore I am of the opinion of Dioscorides, viz. that it is not profitable in head-aches yet call them, third-dot/ agues. this is for certain, that it is an admirable | Castoreum resists poison, the bitings of j remedy for inward ulcers in any part of venomous beasts it provokes the menses, the body, or any corrosions, or excoriations, and brings forth birth and after-birth; it? pains in the reins and bladder: but it is expels wind, eases pains and aches, con-j very bad in diseases of the liver, spleen, the j

:

worn

in

;

I

!

;

;

j

vulsions, sighings, lethargies; the smell of j falling-sickness, vertigo, or dissiaesh in the it allays the fits of the mother; inwardly head, fevers and head-aches; Goat's milk given, it helps tremblings, falling-sickness, \ is held to be better than Cow's for Hectic J

and other such

and fevers, phthisick, and consumptions, and scruple is enough to take at also is Ass's also, and indeed spirit of Caslorium is betWhey, attenuates and cleanses both choj

nerves: time,

A

ill

effects of the brain

;

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

254

and melancholy: wonderfully helps the Fluor Albus, helps such as spit blood, melancholy and madness coming of it; jit is an approved remedy for the falling

lor

j

opens stoppings of the bowels helps such; sickness. Also if ten grains of red Coral as have the dropsy and are troubled with be given to a child in a little breast-milk so the stoppings of the spleen, rickets and soon as it is born, before it take any other hypochondriac melancholy for such dis- food, it will never have the falling-sickness, eases you may make up your physic with nor convulsions. The common dose is it cleanses the skin of from ten grains to thirty, whey. Outwardly such deformities as come through choler or Pearls, are a wonderful strengthener to as the scabs, itch, morphew, lepro- \ heart, encrease milk in nurses, and melancholy, amend it being naught, they restore such sies, &c. ;

!.

;

:

j 5

j

of a gallant cleansing quality, as are in consumptions ; both they and the exceeding profitable in all inward ulcers in j red Coral preserve the body in health, and what part of the body soever; it opens the resist fevers. The dose is ten grains or I fewer; more, I suppose, because it is dear, veins, cleanses the reins and bladder. know no vices belonging to it, but only it than because it would do harm, is soon converted into choler. Amber, (-viz. yellow Amber) heats and Wax, softens, heats, and meanly fills dries, therefore prevails against moist dissores with flesh, it, suffers not the milk to j eases of the head ; it helps violent coughs, curdle in women's breasts ; inwardly it is ( helps consumption of the lungs, spitting of given (ten grains at a time) against bloody- \ blood, the Fluor Albus ; it stops bleeding at the nose, helps difficulty of urine You fluxes. at or a time, heats and cheers take ten the Raw-silk, dries, twenty grains may The Froth of the Sea, it is hot and dry, heart, drives away sadness, comforts all the j ! helps scabs, itch, and leprosy, scald heads, spirits, both natural, vital and animal &c. it cleanses the skin, helps difficulty of

Honey

is

j

|

i.

1




i

Moneywort, Plantain, Heart.

Sorrel,

Bugloss,

Lettice,

Colt's-foot.

Wood

Extenuate.

Mugwort, Chamomel, Hysop,

Viper's

j

Pennyroyal, Stoechas, Time, MotherofTime,

Burnet, Violet leaves,

t

Juniper, &c.

sorrel,

'

3 Y

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

264

Southernwood male and female, St. John's Wort, Marjoram, Horehound all the four sorts of Maidenhair, Marsh- Bawrn, Water-cresses, Origanum, Bazi, mallows, Dill, Mallows, Arrach, Beets, {Pennyroy al,Poley mountain, Parsley ,SmallChamomel, Mints, Melilot, Pelitory of the age, Rue, Rosemary, Sage, Savin, Harlwort, Wall,Chickweed, Rue, Stoechas, Marjoram. Time, Mother of Time, Scordium, Nettles. Draw. Pimpernel, Birthworl, Dittany, Stop the terms. Shepherd's purse, Strawand also take this Leeks, Onions, Garlick, berries, Mirtles, Water Lilies, Plantain, all cold things bind and Houseleek or Sengreen, Comfry, Knotgrass. general rule, as Resist poison. harden, so all things very hot are drying. Southernwood, Wormall sorts of Maiden hair, White wood, Garlick, Suppure. Mallows, Marsh-mallows, Bettony, Carduus Benedictus, Lily leaves, &c. | Smallage, Cleanse. Southernwood, Germander, Calaminth, Alexanders, CarPimpernel, Sparagus, Cetrach, Arrach, Wormwood, nine Thistle, Agrimony, Fennel, Juniper, Beet, Pelhtory of the Wall, Chamepitis, Horehound, Origanum, Pennyroyal, PoleyDodder, Liverwort, Horehound, Willow mountain, Rue, Scordium, Plantain, Discuss.

j

>

|

j

j

j

j

leaves, &c. Glntinate

Discuss swellings. Maiden-hair, Cleavers, Goosegrass, Mallows, Marsh-mallows, Docks, Bawm, Water-cresses, Cinquefbil,

Pimpernel, or

Marsh-mallows, Centaury, Chamepitis, Mallows, Germander, Horsetail, Agrimony, Maudlin, Strawberry Scordium, &c. Ease pain. Dil, Wormwood, Arach, leaves, Woad-chervil, Plantain, Cinquefoil, Comfry, Bugle, Self-heal, Woundwort, ! Chamomel, Csilaminth, Chamepitis, HcnTormentil, Rupture-wort, Knot-grass, bane, Hops, Hog's Fennel, Parsley, RoseTobacco, mary, Rue, Marjoram, Mother of Time. Expel wind. Wormwood, Garlick, Dill, Herbs Purging. Smallage, Chamomel, Epithimum, Fennel, Choler. Groundsel, Hops, Peach leaves, Juniper, Marjoram, Origanum, Savory both! winterand summer. Tansy isgood to cleanse j Wormwood, Centaury, Mallows, Senna, the stomach and bowels of rough viscous Melancholy. Ox-eye, Epithimum, Fumiand humours that stick to them, j tory, Senna, Dodder. flegm, which the flegmatic constitution of thei Flegm and water. Briony, white and winter usually infects the body of man with, black, Spurge, both work most violently and occasions gouts and other diseases of j and are not fit for a vulgar use, Dwarf like nature and lasting long. This was the Elder, Hedge Hyssop, Laurel leaves, Merin thescury, Mezereon also purges violently, and original of that custom to eat Tansys i lil f T^ 11 O spring ; the herb may be made into a con- so doth Sneezewort, Elder leaves, Senna. For the particular operations of these, as serve with sugar, or boil it in wine and drink the decoction, or make the juice into a syrup also how to order the body aftei purges, the at a time, vou have with sugar, which you will. quantity ^ to be taken THerbs breed seed. Clary, Rocket, and been in part instructed already, and shall most herbs that are hot and moist, an d\ be more fully hereafter, breed wind. Provoke the terms. Southernwood, Gar-j lick, all the sorts of Maiden hair, Mugwort, j Wormwood, Bishops-weed, Cabbages, Bet- 1 !

s

i

j

j

*

111

*

1

i

*

-

-

-m

,

j

FLOWERS.

tony,

Chamomel, Calaminth, College.] Dodder, Dittany, Fennel, Amaranthus,

Centaury,

Germander,

j

*

Wormwood, Dill,

Agnus

Rosemary,

Columbines,

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

2C5

Orrenges, Balaustins, or Pomegranate Flowers, Epithimum, Winter-gilliflowers, or WallBettony, Barrage, Bugloss, Marigolds, Wood- flowers, Woodbine, or Honey-suckles. Cold in the first degree. bine or Honey -suckles, Clove Gilliflowers, CenMallows, Roses and Winter the damask Violets. red, white, Chamomel, /ess, Gilliflowers, taury In the second. Anemora, or Wind-flower, Succory, Comfry the greater, Saffron, Bluej

:

great and small^ (Synosbatus, Tragus, Endive, Succory, Water-lilies, both white and Dedonaeus hold our white thorn to be it, and yellow. In the third. Balaustins, or Pomegranate Cordus and Marcelus think it to be Bryars, bottle

;

\

for the sweet Bryar, it but what for, I know not) Fiitinue (T>;r>c/-nrirlf. mil* thp flnnw'v nf tfjp Cytinus, (Dioscorides calls the fiowers of the Manured Pomegranates, Cytinus, but Pliny calls thejlowers of the wild kind by that name,)

Lugdunensis

takes

it

:

our College takes

j

flowers.

In

Henbane, and

the fourth.

all

the sorts

of Poppies, only whereas authors say, field Poppies, which some call red, others erratick and corn Roses, are the coldest of all the Fox-glove, Viper s Bugloss, Rocket, Eye- others ; yet my opinion is, that they are bright, Beans, Fumitory, Broom, Cowslips, not cold in the fourth degree. St. John's Wort, Hysop, Jessamine or Shrub, Moist in the fast degree. Borrage, Bug*s~ u c T?~J or Dead Nettles white**" loss, Mallows, Succory, Endive. Trefoil, Archangel, and red, Lavender, Wall-flowers, or WinterIn the second. Water-lilies, Violets. j

\

\

Privet, Lilies white,

Gilliflowers,

valley,

Hops, Common and

and of

tree

'

the

Dry

Mallows,

\

Woodbine, or Honey -suckles, Melilot, Bawm, Walnuts, Water-Lilies white

in the first degree.

Chamomel,

Ox-eye, Saffron,

Melilot, Roses.

In the second.

Wind-flower, Amomus, Lavender, Hops, and yellow, Origanum, Poppies white and red, Peony, Rosemary, Spikenard. \

Feather-few,

\

Clove-gilliflowers, Rocket,

\

or Erraticks, Poppies, or corn Roses, so called In the third. Woodbine, or because they grow amongst Corn, Peony, suckles, Balaustines, Epithimum, Honey-suckles, or Woodbine, Peach-flowers, der, Chamepitis. ii

HoneyGerman-

:

The temperature of any other flowers not Primroses, Sloebush, Self-heal, Rosemary mentioned are of the same temperature damask and here \ red, Sage, fiowers, Roses, white, white Elder, Saxifrage, Scabious, Siligo, f/jwith the herbs, you may gain skill bj think they mean wheat by it, Authors are not* searching there for them, you can loose i

agreed about

it)

Steches,

Tamarisk, Tansy, none.

Mullen or Higtaper. Limetree, Clove flowers, Colt's-foot, Violets, Dead Nettles white and red.

Agnus

Gilli-

For

Castus,

the parts of the body, they are appropriated to,

That these may Culpeper.~] for the explained public good: *~ *"'* : ~~ to take notice

some heat

be a little \ The head; as, Rosemary flowers, Selfbe pleased heal, Chamomel, Bettony, Cowslips, Lavender, Melilot, Peony, Sage, Stoechas. Some are hot in the first degree, as Borrage, The breast. Bettony, Bawm, Scabious, ChaSchoenanth. Melilot, Bettony, Ox-eye, Bugloss, The heart. Bawm, Rosemary flowers, momel, Stoechas.

Hot fron,

in the second degree.

Clove-gilliflowers,

th*

third

degree.

-

Amomus, SafRocket, ~, Bawm,|

Borrage, Bugloss, Saffron, Spikenard. The stomach. Rosemary-flowers, SpikeLavender, nard, Schoenanth. The liver. Centaur y, Schaenanth, Elder, ,

Spikenard, Hops, Schenanth, Jasmine, Rosemary.

In

$

Agnus

,

\

Castus,

1

Bettony, Chamomel, Spikenard.

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

26G The The

spleen. Bettonj', Wall-flowers. reins and bladder. Bettony, Marsh

j

Flowers purge choler. Roses, Violets,

Peach

flowers

Damask

Broom flowers, Elder flowers. mallows, Melilol, Schoenanth, Spikenard. Flegm. The womb. Bettony, Squinanth or Sche- } If you compare but the quality of the flowers with the herbs, and with the exphvnanth, Sage, Orris or Elower-de-luce. j The joints. Rosemary-flowers, Cowslips, 1 nation of these terms at the latter end, you Chamomel, Melilot. may easily find the temperature and proi

Flowers, as they are cooling, so they J cool

\

the rest pe 7 1 The flowers of;

^ Ox-eye

being boiled into a a with little the three sorts Violets, Roses, barley meal, takeaway j poultice of Poppies, and Water-lilies. of the flesh, hardness and swellings being The breast and heart. Violets, Red Roses, applied warm to the place. Water-lilies. Chamomel flowers heat, discuss, loosen The stomach. Red Roses, Violets. and rarify, boiled in Clysters, they are exj The liver and spleen. Endive, and Succory J cellent in the wind cholic, boiled in wine,

The head.

j

i

Violets, Borrage, and Bugloss, moisten the heart, Rosemary-flowers, Bawm and

Bettony, dry

j I

it.

j

,-

According

to

,.

J

,

property, so they bind,

\

and the decoction drunk, purges the

reins,

break the stone, opens the pores, cast out choleric humours, succours the heart, and eases pains and aches, or stiffness comin 2

by

travelling>

The flowers of Rocket used outwardly, Balaustins, Saffron, Succory, Endive,? red-roses, Melilot, Bawm ,Clove-gilliflowers, discuss swellings, and dissolve hard tumors, j Agnus Castus. you may boil them into a poultice, but inj

Chamomel, Marsh-mallows, Iwardly taken they send but unwholesome Mallows, Melilot, Stoechas, &c. vapours up to the head. Cleanse. Elder Damask-roses, flowers, Hops open obstructions of the bowels, Bean flowers, &c. liver, and spleen, they cleanse, the body of Extenuate. Orris, or Flower-de-luce, choler and flegm, provoke urine. Jasmine flowers boiled in oil, and the Chamomel, Melilot, Stcechas, &c. Saffron, white Lilies, Mallows, grieved place bathed with it, takes awaj Mollify. Marsh-mallows, &c. cramps and stitches in the sides. white The flowers of Woodbine, or Honey&c. Saffron, Lilies, Suppure. Glutinate. Balaustines, Centaury, &c. suckles, being dryed and beaten into powProvoke the terms. Bettony, Centaury, der, and a dram taken in white wine in the Chamomel, Schcenanth, Wall-flowers, Bawm morning, helps the rickets, difficulty of Peony, Rosemary, Sage. provoke urine, and help the breathing Discuss. Dill,

i

:

j

I

1 ;

;

Balaustines, or Pome- j stranguary. Stop the terms. Water Lilies. The flowers of Mallows being bruised and flowers, granate wind. in honey (two ounces of the flowers boiled Dill, Chamomel, Schcenanth, j Expel

Spikenard.

Help

burnings.

Marsh-mallows. Resist poison.

I

White

Lilies,

Mallows,

j

is

sufficient for

a pound of honey;

and

the honey before you having out this honey strained then them in) put taken with a liquorice stick, is an excellent first clarified

;

Bettony, Centaury. Ease pain. Dili, Chamomel, Centaury, remedy for Coughs, Asthmas, and conMelilot, Rosemary. sumptions of the lungs.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. |

FRUITS.

\

Winter-cherries, Lace Apples, College.] Almonds sweet and bitter, Anacardia, Oranges, Hazel Nuts, the oily Nut Ben, Barberries,

Capers, Guinny Pepper, Figs, Carpobalsamum, Cloves, Cassia Fistula, Chestnuts, Cherries black and red, Cicers, white, black and red, Pome Citrons, Coculus Indi, Coloci/nthis, Currants, Cornels or Cornelian Cherries, Cubebs,

Capers, Nutmegs, dry Walnuts, dry Haztl Nuts, Fistick Nuts.

In t

i

j \

\

'

267

Juniper Berries. Carpobalsamum, Cubebs, Anacar-

the

Cloves,

third

degree.

dium, bitter Almonds. In the fourth degree. Pepper, white, black and long, Guinny Pepper. Cold in the Jirst degree. The flesh of Citrons, Quinces, Pears, Prunes, &c.

In the second. Gourds, Cucumbers, \ Melons, Pompions, Oranges, Lemons, Citrons, Pomegranates, riz. the juice of Cucumbers garden and mid, Gourds, Cynos- them, Peaches, Prunes, Galls, Apples. In the third. Mandrakes. batus, Cypress, Cones, Quinces, Dales, DwarfIn the fourth. Stramonium. Elder, Green Figs, Strawberries, common and Acorn PomeMoist in the Jirst degree. The flesh of Turkey Galls, Acorns, Citps, \

\

\

\

\

Herb Truc-Lovc,

Lemons, Oranges, viz. the inner which is white, the outer rhind is hot, Walnuts, Jujubes, Juniper berries, Bayberries, rhind In the second. Gourds, Melons, Peaches, Lemons, Oranges, Citrons, Quinces, Pome-

granatcs, Gooseberries, Ivy,

\

Citrons,

\

\

Mandrakes, Lemons, Peaches, Stramonium, Apples, garden and wild, or Crabs and Apples, Musk Melons, Medlars Mulberries, Myrobalans, Bellericks, Chebs, granates,

\

\

Prunes, &c.

In the second.

Emblicks, Citron and Indian, Mirtle, Berries, water Nuts, Hazel Nuts, Chestnuts, Cypress \ Nuts, Walnuts, Nutmegs, Fistick Nuts, Vomiting Nuts, Olives pickled in brine, Heads \ of white and black Poppies, Pompions, Peaches,\

Nutmegs, Bay In the In the

\

French or Kidney Beans, Pine, Cones, white black, and long Pepper, Fistick Nuts, Apples and Crabs, Prunes, French and Damask, Sloes,

in thefirst degree.

Juniper Berries. The Nut Ben, Capers, Pears, Fistick Nuts, Pine Nuts, Quinces,

Dry

berries.

Cloves, Galls, &c. All sorts of pepper. fourth.

third.

.

As

to the

*PP">P'f heat

the

body of Man, head : as

so they

\

Anacardia, Cubebs, Nutmegs. Bitter Almonds, Dates, The breast. Pears, English Currants, Berries of Purging Cubebs, Hazel Nuts, Pine Nuts, Figs, black Berries, Raspberries, Elder \ Raisins of the sun, Thorn., Jujubes. The heart. Walnuts, Nutmegs, Juniper berries, Scbastens, Services, or Checkers, Haw- \ thorn berries, Pine Nuts, Water Nuts, Grapes, berries. The stomach. Sweet Almonds, Cloves, Gooseberries, Raisins, Ciirrants. That benefit \ Culpeper.] you may reap Ben, Juniper berries, Nutmegs, Pine Nuts, by these, be pleased to consider, that they Olives, are some of them The spleen. Capers. in heat. Raisins of The reins and bladder. Bitter Almonds, Temperate respect of the sun, Currants, Pine Nuts, Dates, Juniper Berries, Cubebs, Pine Nuts, Raisins Figs, Sebastens. of the sun. Hot in the Jirst degree. Sweet Almonds, The womb. Walnuts, Nutmegs, Bayj Hazel Jujubes, Cypress Nuts, green Nuts, berries, Juniper berries, Walnuts. breast. Cool the green Sebastens, Prunes, Hot in the second degree. The Nut Ben, Lemons. Oranges, 3 z \

\

2

\

j

j

j

|

j

\

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

268 The

art. heart.

Oranges, Lemons, Citrons, lates, Quinces, Pears. Pomegranates, Thestomach. Quinces, Citruls, Cucumbers, Gourds, Musk Melons, Pompions, Cherries, Gooseberries, Cornelian Cherries, Lemons, Apples, Medlars, Oranges, Pears, English Currants, Cervices or Checkers. The liver. Those that cool the stomach

Myrobalans of all sorts, especially Chebs, and Emblicks, purge flegm very gently, and without danger.

I

Bellericks

\ j !

Of

i

all

these give

By

their several operations,

some

i

Sorrel, Agnus Castus, MarshCollege.] \mallows, Bishop's weed true and common.

Amomus,

j

Dill, Angellica, Annis, Rose-seed, a8 e > Columbines, Arach, Sparagut, Or " n ^Jocfe Bazil Barbernes,

n

f

As

Bind

commend

leave to

SEEDS

and Barberries. The reins and womb. Those that cool the stomach, and Strawberries.

me

only one to you as of special concernment, which is Juniper berries.

^

the berries of Mirtles, Bar- \S> at *> Cornels, or Cornelian 1 Cotton Bruscus or Knee-holly Hemp, CardaCherries, Quinces, Galls, Acorns, Acorn- \ greater and lesser, Carduiis Benedict us, cups, Medlars, Checkers or Cervices, Pome- ottr La S Thistles Bastard Saffron Coragranates, Nutmegs, Olives, Pears, Peaches. [ greater and lesser, Discuss. Capek all the sorts o> Pepper. m " SSpurgeKernels Cohorts of Cherry stones, Sweet and bitter Almonds, Extenuate. Cheryl, Citrons, Citruls, Garden Succory, Hemlock, Hill \J\^L berries ILJC1 1 1CO Bavberries J^fCL. Junioer j \} y Ut/l 1 lv>3 y7 j~ j

Chestnuts,

berries,

>

^ms

W ^^

1

'

>

/-^

Glutinate.

Acorns, Acorn Cups,

-.

7

,

,-*,

^^l^^'^^J^^G^der^p^

Cucumbers garden and mid Gourds, Quinces, Raisins of the sun, Currants. C osba Expel Wind. Bay berries, Juniper berand cretish, Dwarf-Elder, Endive, TICS Nutmegs ' all the sorts of Pepner \Enghsh, T> T? j Hedge ,Mustard, Orobus, Beans, Fennel, Breed seed. Kaisms or the sun, sweet? Rocket, v 7 t 7 V, Ash-tree keys, Fumitory, Brooms, Fenugreek, Almonds IHC Nuts Fijrs &r lll>, X x~y /' Tl \llin'JKlr>, Pine ^ii^9 tXL1* Tk 7 Tt G ins Pomegranates, mid Rue Provoke urine. Winte? Cherries.

^ jfiJtSS ^

^TPf ^

j

,

-

J.^1

s

?

f

P^adise, white

^TJ^

St Johns

Henbane, ?arto, Provoke the terms. Ivy berries, Capers,&c. { \Wort, Hyssop, Lettice, Sharp-pomted-Dock, /( C /// frC/ fill UC-1 1 itT.3. tX-LStoo the terms Barberries &c ^O t*Jl>\JfJ 7~ "T i T? T} Spurge, L,aurel, L,entils, Lovage, Lemons, Resist poison. ber-j Bay berries, Juniper /, , T , /-. A/tr^i n-* 11 j Ash-tree-kei/s, Linseed, or klaxu-eed, Gromnes, Walnuts, Citrons, commonly called ;/ r i c * i-* * -i T IT T) , fw ^11^1, c ii ia>e, JJarnel, bweet Irej ^ oil,',Lupines, Master Jrome p; , /r iir 7 L/itrons, all the sorts or Pepper. T.^ -o 17 u T i^'or^, Marjoram, Mallows, Mandrakes, Melons, Ease >-, pain. Bay berries, Juniper berries, Medlars 1/f ), ^/r > Mezereon, Cromwell, meet Navew Ivv berries Fi- s Walnuts Raisins Cur NiSella the kernels Cherrie AP ricois and rants 1(11113* dll all the ! T\ LUC OLJ1 so?ts' to \JL of Pepper i C/lJUCl* 7 T> /-\ f1~ T" readies, Bazil, Orobus, Rice, Pamck, Poppies wn ^ e an d black, Parsnips garden and wild, Fruits purging \ \ Thorough Wax, Parsley, English and MaceCholer. Cassia Fistula, Citron ~M.yro- \donian, Burnet, Pease, Plantain, Peony, Leeks, balans, Prunes, Tamarinds, Raisins. Purslain, Fleazeort, Turnips, Radishes, Sumach Indian Myrobalans. Melancholy. Spurge, .Roses, Rue, garden and wild, Wormand wild Cucumbers seed, Saxifrage, Succory, Sesami, Hartzi'ort, Flegrn. Colocynthis purge violently, and therefore not rashly to common and cretish, Mustard-seed, Alexanders, be meddled withal: 1 desire my book should Nightshade, Steves Agcr, Sumach, Treacle, be beneficial, not hurtful to the vulgar, but Mustard, sweet Trefoil, Wheat, both the Jint t

ii .

1T"*7T" ^

I

:

,

.

;

i

.

/

;

-

'

>

>

I

;

\

t

#

7

>

*

*

?

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

269

The stomach. Annis, Bishop's weed, Hour and the bran, and that which starch Is 'made q/', Vetches or Tares, Violets, Nettles, Amornus^Smallage, Cummin, Cardamoms, common and Roman, the stones of Grapes, Cubebs, Grains of Paradise. The liver. Annis, Fennel, Bishop's weed, Greek Wheat, or Spelt Wheat That you may receive a little Amomus, Smallage, Sparagus, Cummin, Culpeper.~] more benefit by these, than the bare reading Caraway, Carrots. The spleen. Annis, Caraway, Waterof them, which doth at the most but tell cresses. method the are following you what they The reins and bladder. Cicers, Rocket, are good for. what instruct they you may \

;

j

,

iKcds are hot

r m the first ,7

I

degree.

^^

Saxifrage, Nettles,' Gromwell.

Peo ny) Rue

The joints.

Linseed, Fenugreek, Coriander, Rice, Water-cresses, Rue, MustardGromwell, Lupines. jseed. Cool the head. In the second. Dill, Smallage, Orobus, Lettice, Purslain, white Nettles. Rocket, Bazil, Poppies. The breast. White Poppies, Violets. In the third. Bishop's Weed, Annis, The heart. 1 so Citron Amomus, Carraway, Fennel, (and Orange, Lemon, and Sorrel seeds. believe Smallage too, let authors say what Lastly, thefourgreaterand four lesser cold they will, for if the herb of Smallage bej I know seeds, which you may find in the somewhat hotter than Parsley beginning little reason why the seed should not be so of the compositions, as also the seed of white hot) Cardamoms, Parsley, Cummin, Carrots, and black Poppies cool the liver and spleen, reins and bladder, womb and Nigella, Navew, Hartwort, Staves Ager. joints. In the fourth. Water -cresses, Mustard,. >

|

| i

1

|

;

|

j |

j

.

7

According

,

to

operation some seeds

Bind, as Rose-seeds, Barberries, ShepBarley, &c. herd's In the second. Endive, Lettice, Purslain, | purse, Purslain, &c. Discuss. Dill, Carrots, Linseeds, FenuCucumbers, Melons, Gourds, Succory, Citruls, Pompions, Sorrel, Nightshade. greek, Nigella, &c. Cleanse. Beans, Orobus, Barley, Lupines, In the third. Henbane, Hemlock, Pop- j Nettles, &c. pies white and black. Moist in thejirst degree. Linseed, or Flax seed, FenuMallows, &c. Mollify.

Cold

in thejirst degree.

j \

j

in the first degree.

Beans, Fennel, greek seed, Mallows, Nigella. Harden. Purslain seed, c. &c. Fenugreek, Barley, Wheat, In the second. Orobus, Lentils, Rice, \ Linseed, Fenugreek seed, DarSuppure. and the like. jnel, husked, Barley commonly called French Poppies, Nightshade, Ira the third. Dill, Smallages, Bishop's j Barley. Weed, Annis, Caraway, Cummin, Cori-1 Glutinate. Orobus, Lupines, Darnel, &c, ander, Nigella, Gromwell, Parsley. Annis, Dill, Expel wind. Smallage, , ,, | Caraway, ' Cummin, Carrots, Fennel, Nigella, , f Appropriated to the body of man, and so they Pars , ey; Hartwort ; Wormsee d.

Dry

j

\

.

,

j

Heat

the head. Fennel,

ice.

The breast. The heart. seed, &c.

Marjoram, Peony,

Breed ?

Nettles. Bazil,

seed.

j

Rocket, Beans, Cicers, Ash-

tree keys.

Provoke the menses. Amomus, Sparagus, Rue, &c. Mustard Annis, Fennel, Bishop's weed, Cicers, Carrots, Smallage, Parsley, Lovage, Hartwort, I

I

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

270

Break the stone Mallows, Marsh-mal- Concrete Juices or Juic-

Cnlpeper.~\

The

liver

,

*

J

7

J

t

of an Heclge-hog Armoniach, Sal Gem, and |

salt Nitre,

Saphyr

powder and and

Flints, Emerald, Sclenitis, Sardine, being dried and beaten into drank in wine, strengthens the reins exceed- Smiris, Sort, Spodinm, Pezder, Brimstone, and common, Talth, Earth of Cimolia, ingly, and helps the dropsy, convulsions, quick and the falling sickness, together with all Sames, Lejnnos, Sylesia, Topas, Alana, Terra, fluxes of the bowels. Tutty, Vitriol, white, blue, and green. j

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being i.i like manner brought into powder, strengthens the liver exceedingly, and helps the dropsy.

The

liver

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Then

the College

tells

you

By these things

may \frst

be taken from the SEA, as College.] _~ ~ sand, Cart

a

-

degree.

t

c*i

-,

i

Sea,

Amber.

;

or

in the manifest, they are hot, Hemetitis, Pyritis, Lopis Sinyres, Lapis Schistus.

way

hyitis, jAsius, Precious stones cold, arc Sea-water, Amber-grease, Sea-\ v* I* -_? -.I ~m *

fest

stoms alier b a K at/ mani hidden

Granite, S a rdony

in the first degree. i

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The water of

Violet flowers, cools the the blood, heart, liver and lungs, overhealed, and quenches an insatiable desire of drinking, they are in their prime about the latter end of March, or beginning of { April, according as the year falls out. The water of Sorrel cools the blood, If Venice Treacle heart, liver, and spleen

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it, it is

cause it is loosening: if loose, use red, because it is binding. White Rose water is generally known to be excellent against hot rheums, and in-

rlamruations in the eyes, and for this profitable in pestilen-l better than the former, :

be given with

water, only with this difference, the one is binding, the other loosening ; if your body be costive, use Damask Rose water, be-

:

it

is

The water of Red Poppy flowers, called May. Endive and Succory water are excellent by many Corn-roses, because they grow so against heat in the stomach ; if you take frequently amongst corn, cools the blood an ounce of either (for their operation is and spirits over-heated by drinking or tial fevers, distil it in

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morning and evening, four days labour, and is therefore excellent in surfets. one after another, they cool the liver, and Green Walnuts gathered about the latter cleanse the blood they are in their prime,* end of June or Jidy, and bruised, and so in May. stilled, strengthen the heart, and resist the the same)

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Fumitory water

usual with the city to wash their faces with, to take away

dames morphey,

is

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pestilence.

Plantain water helps the headache ; being into the ear it helps the tooth-ache, freckles, 1 dropped it the the wardly taken, yellow jaundice helps helps phthisicks, dropsy and fluxes, and itch, cleanses the blood, provokes and is an admirable remedy for u.cers in sweat, strengthens the stomach, and cleanses i the reins and bladder, to be used as comthe body of adust humours: it is in its jmon drink the herb is in its prime in May. prime in May and June. Strawberry water cools, quenches thirst, The water of Nightshade helps pains in clarifies the blood, breaks the stone, helps the head coming of heat. Take heed you I all inward inflammations, especially those distil not the deadly Nightshade instead oflin the reins, bladder and passages of the the common, if you do, you may make urine ; it strengthens the liver and helps

and sun-burning;

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work.

Let

such as

have not wit the yellow jaundice. to know them asunder, have wits The distilled water of Dog grass, or enough Couch grass, as some call it, cleanses the enough to let them both alone till they do. The water of white Poppies extinguishes reins gallantly, and provokes urine, opens all heat against nature, helps head-aches obstructions of the liver and spleen, and coming of heat, and too long standing in kills worms, Distil them in June or July. the sun. Black Cherry water provokes urine, helps water is for excellent burns to the dropsy. It is usually given in diseases Coifs-foot wash the place with it; inwardly taken it of the brain, as convulsions, falling-sickhelps Phthisicks and other diseases inci ness, palsy and apoplexy, dent to the lungs, distil them in May or June.\ Betony is in its prime in May, the dis|

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. tilled

water thereof

as are pained

is

very good for such

in their

it

heads, prevails of fevers the and all sorts dropsy against and it succours the liver and helps spleen, want of digestion and evil disposition of the body thence arising it hastens travail in women with child, and is excellent against the bitings of venomous beasts. Distil Sage whilst the flowers be on it, the water strengthens the brain, provokes the menses, helps nature much in all its actions. ;

Marjoram

is

w&ter

is

tilled

in its

prime in June, dissuch whose

excellent for

brains are too cold, it provokes urine, heats the womb, provokes the menses, strengthens the memory and helps the judgment, causes an able brain. Distil Camomel water about the beginning of June. It eases the cholick and pains in the belly ; it breaks the stone in the reins and bladder, provokes the menses, expels the dead child, and takes away pains in the head. Fennel water strengthens the heart and brain ; dilates the breast, the cough, provokes the menses, encreases milk in nurses,

and

if

you wash your eyes with

it, it

clears

The eyes being washed every morning with Eyebright water, most strangely clears and strengthens the sight. Maidenhair distilled in May, the water cleanses both liver and lungs, clarifies the blood, and breaks the stone. Hyssop water cleanses the lungs of flegrn, helps coughs and Asthmas, distil it in August. The water of Hore-hound, helps the cough and straitness of the breast ; it strengthens the breast, lungs and stomach, and liver, distil it in

Carduus

June. water

succours the head, the strengthens memory, helps such as are troubled with vertigoes and quartan agues

,

provokes sweat, strengthens the heart, and all other fevers of choler. It is in it

its

prime

in

May

and June.

Scabious water helps pleurises and pains, in the sides ; Aposthumes,

and pricking

coughs, pestilences, and straitness of the breast.

Water of Flower-de-luce

is

very profitable

dropsies, an ounce being drank cona? tinually every morning and evening also pains and torments in the bowels.

in

;

Bawm

the sight.

281

water distilled in

May,

restores

of a Cow memory, it quickens all the senses, dried and taken any away, encrease milk strengthens the brain, heart, and stomach, in nurses, the smoke of them drives away causes a merry mind and a sweet breath. mice. Mizaldus. The water of Comfrey solders broken Calaminth water heats and cleanses the bones, being drank, helps ruptures, outwomb, provokes the menses, and eases the wardly it stops the bleeding of wounds, they being washed with it. pains of the head, distil it in May. Wormwood water distilled cold, about the The distilled water of Rosemary flowers, helps such as are troubled with the yellow end of May, heats and strengthens the Jaundice, Asthmas, it cleanses the blood, stomach, helps concoction, stays vomiting, helps concoction, strengthens the brain kills worms in the stomach and bowels, it and body exceedingly. mitigates the pains in the teeth, and is proWater of the flowers of Lilies of the valley, fitably given in fevers of choler. Mint water strengthens the stomach, helps strengthens the brain and all the senses. The water of Cowslip flowers helps the concoction and stays vomiting, distil it in palsey takes away pains in the head, the the latter end of May, or beginning of vertigo and megrim, and is exceeding good June, as the year is in forwardness or backfor pregnant women. wardness, observe that in all the rest.

The Hooses of

;

the fore feet

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

282

Chervil water distilled about the end of land lungs, provokes urine, and May, helps ruptures, breaks the stone, dispassages of it from gravel,

cleanses

jthe

Burnet'm May or June, the water the breaks stone, cleanses the passages of The water of Mother of Time strengthens urine, and is exceeding profitable in pesthe brain and stomach, gets a man a good times. ^tilential stomach to his victuals, provoke urine and Mugwort water distilled in May, is exthe menses, heats the womb. It is in itsjcellent in coughs and diseases proceeding about the of end June. from stoppage of the menses, it warms the prime j The water of Mangold flowers is appro- 1 stomach, and helps the dropsy. Distil Penny-royal when the flowers are priated to most cold diseases of the head, are in their vigour upon it the water heats the womb gallanteyes, and stomach they T when the Sun is in the Lion. ly, provokes the menses, expels tRe afterThe distilled water of Centaury comforts birth ; cuts, and casts out thick and gross a cold stomach, helps in fever of choler, it humours in the breast, eases pains in the solves

blood,

congealed

strengthens

heart and stomach

thej

Distil

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worms, and provokes appetite. Maudlin and Costmary water distilled

bowels, and consumes flegm. The water of Lovage distilled in Ma} , j May or June, strengthens the liver, helps eases pains in the head, and cures ulcers in the yellow jaundice, opens obstructions, the womb being washed with it; inwardly and helps the dropsy. I taken it expels wind, and breaks the stone. Water-cresses distilled in March, the \ The tops of Hops when they are young, water cleanses the blood, and provokes being distilled, the water cleanses the blood urine exceedingly, kills worms, outwardly of melancholy humours, and therefore helps j mixed with honey, it cleai's the skin of mor- j scabs, itch, and leprosy, and such like diseases thence proceeding ; it opens obstrucphew and sunburning. | Distil Nettles when they are in flower, the tions of the spleen, helps the rickets, and water helps coughs and pains in the bowels, hypochondriac melancholy. The water of Barrage and Bugloss disprovokes urine, and breaks the stone. water when their flowers are upon them, tilled urine, Saxifrage provokes expels breaks the cleanses the reins wind, stone, strengthens the heart and brain exceedand bladder of gravel, distil them when ingly, cleanses the blood, and takes away sadness, griefs and melancholy. they are in flower. The water of Pellitory of the Wall, opens Dodder water cleanses the liver and obstructions of the liver and spleen, by spleen, helps the yellow jaundice. kills

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drinking an ounce of

it

every morning

;j

cleanses the reins and bladder, and eases the gripings of the bowels coming of wind.

it

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Tamarisk water opens obstructions, and helps the hardness of the spleen, and

strengthens it. Distil it in the end of May, or English Tobacco distilled, the water is exbeginning! of June. jcellently good for such as have dropsy, to oil water breaks the drink an ounce or two every morning ; it cleanses stone, Cinquef j the reins, and is of excellent use in putri- 1 helps ulcers in the mouth, strengthens the Distil it in May. fied fevers. and helps such as have asthmas. j lungs, The water of Radishes breaks the stone, The water of Dwarf Elder, hath the cleanses the reins and bladder, provokes same effects. the menses, and helps the yellow jaundice. Thus you have the virtues of enough of water cold the stomach waters, the use of which is for mixElicampane strengthens \

5

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. lures of other medicines, whose operation the same, for they are very seldom given

is

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283

cold and flegm, chilliness of the &c.

spirits,

But that countrymen may not be delight most in liquid medicines, having regard to the disease, and part j mistaken in this, I shall give them some of the body afflicted by it, these will fur- j symptoms of each complexion how a man nish you with where withal to make them | may know when it exceeds its due limits, so as will please your pallate best. Signs of choler abounding. Leanness of body, costiveness, hollow \ without a cause, a testy dispo\ eyes, anger s tion ' y ellowne ss of the skin > bitterness in SPIRIT j [ the throat ' P nckin g P ains the head > the \ pulse swifter and stronger than ordinary, Before I begin these, Ij theurinehighercoloured, thinner and brightCulpeper.~\ a to few words : Theyjer, troublesome sleeps, much dreaming of premise thought good are all hot in operation, and therefore not \ fire, lightning, anger, and fighting. alone

:

If

you

my

i

AND COM-

COMPOUNDS.

(

POUND DISTILLED WATERS

m

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to be

meddled with by people of hot con-

when they

are in health, for fear of fevers and adustion of blood, but for people of cold constitutions, as melancholy and flegnrutic people. If they drink of them moderately now and then for recreation, due consideration being had to the part of the body which is weakest, they may do them good yet in diseases of melancholy, neither strong watersnor sack is to be drank, for they make the humour thin, and then up to the head it flies, where it fills the brain with foolish and fearful stitutions

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imaginations. 2. Let all young people forbear them whilst they are in health, for their blood is

j

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Signs of blood abounding. veins are bigger (or at least they seem so) and fuller then ordinary ; the skin is red, and as it were swollen ; pricking about in sides, and the the pains temples, shortness of bieath, head -ache, the pulse great and full, urine high coloured and thick, dreams of blood, &c.

The

Signs of melancholy abounding. Tearfulness without a cause, fearful and foolish imaginations, the skin rough and swarthy, leanness, want of sleep, frightful dreams, sourness in the throat, the pulse very weak, solitariness, thin clear urine, often sighing, &c.

Signs of flegm abounding. without them. enough Sleepiness, dulness, slowness, heaviness, 3. Have regard to the season of the year, cowardliness, forgetfulness, much spitting so shall you find them more beneficial in much superfluities at the nose, little appeSummer than in Winter, because in sum-jtite to meat and as bad digestion, the skin mer the body is always coldest within, and whiter, colder and smoother than it was digestion weakest, and that is the reason want to be ; the pulse slow and deep the why men and women eat less in Summer urine thick and low coloured dreams of than in Winter. rain, floods, and water, &c. Thus much for people in health, which These things thus premised, I come to drink strong waters for recreation. the matter. As for the medicinal use of them, it shall The first the College presents you with, be shewed at the latter end of every receipt, 1 is only in general they are (due respect had Spiritus et Aqua Absinthis minus Composita. to the humours Or, Spirit and water of Wormwood, the afflicting, and part of thej medicinal for diseases lesser of? body afflicted) composition. J

usually hot

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

284

Take of

the leaves of clryed pounds, Annis seeds, half a pound steep them in six gallons of small wine twenty four hours, then distil them in an Alembick, adding to every pound of the distilled water two ounces of the best College.]

Wormwood two :

5

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Let the two

first

pound you draw out be

called Spirit of Wormwood, those which follow, Wormwood water the lesser com-

|

I like this distinction of the

College very well, because what is first stilled out, is far stronger than the rest, and therefore very fitting to be kept by

you may take which you please, according as the temperature of your body, either to heat or cold, and the season of itself:

year requires. It hath the same virtues Wormwood hath, only fitter to be used by such whose bodies are chilled by age, and whose You may search the natural heat abates. herbs for the virtues, it heats the stomach,

and helps digestion. After the same manner The College.] the Annis seeds) is distilled (only omitting spirit and water of Angelica, both Herb and Root, Bawm, Mints, Sage, &c. the Flowers of Rosemary, Clary, Clove-gilli-

distilled water.

Let the

j j

position.

Culpeper.~]

in an Alembick, adding two ounces of white sugar to every pint of distilled

|

Sugar.

of each one drachm let the tnings be cut that are to be cut, and the things be bruised that are to be bruised, all of them infused in twenty four pints of Spanish wine, for twenty four hours, then, :

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pint be called Spirit of the greater composition, The opinion of Authors is, Culpeper.] That it heats the stomach, and strengthens it and the lungs, expels wind, and helps in ancient people, digestion first

Wormwood

Spiritus et

Or

Spirit

Aqua Angelica magis composita. and water of Angelica, the

greater composition. The College.] Take of the leaves of Angelica eight ounces, of Carduus Benedictus six ounces, of and Sage, of each four ounces, Angelica seeds six ounces ; sweet Fennel seeds nine ounces, Let the herbs, being clryed, and the seeds be grossly bruised, to which add of the species called Aromaticum Rosarum, and of the species called Diamoschu Dulce, of each an ounce and a half, infuse them

Bawm

two days in thirty two pints of Spanish Wine, then distil them with a gentle fire, and with every pound mix two ounces of

sugar dissolved in Rose-water. Let the three first pounds be called by the Lemons,' Juniper-berries, Orange name of Spirit, the rest by the name of water. &c. &c. Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Citrons, &c. the seeds of Caraway,

flowers,

&c.

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Pills,

5

Spiritus et

Or

Aqua Absynthii magis composita. spirit and water of Wormwood, the

greater composition.

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Take of common and The College.] Roman Wormwood, of each a pound Sage, Mints, Bawm, of each two handfuls;

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Culpeper.] The chief end of composing medicine, was to strengthen the heart

this

and resist infection, and therefore is very wholesome in pestilential times, and for such as walk in stinking air.

now quote you

their former former the Roots of Galanga, Ginger, Calamus, dispensatory. Aromaticus, Elecampane, of each three! Angelica water the greater composition. Take of Angelica two The College. drachms ; Liquorice, an ounce, Raisins of \ half a pound, Corianseed the Sun stoned, three ounces, Annis seeds, pounds, Annis and sweet Fennel seeds, of each three der and Caraway seeds, of each four ounces, drachms Cinnamon, Cloves, Nutmegs, of Zecloary bruised, three ounces steep them each two drachms ; Cardamoms, Cubebs, twenty four hours in six gallons of small ;

I

I

shall

receipt in their

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. wine, then draw out the spirit, and sweeten it with sugar. It comforts the heart, CulpeperJ] cherishes the vital spirits, resists the pestilence, and all corrupt airs, which indeed are the natural causes of epidemical diseases, the sick may take a spoonful of it in any convenient cordial, and such as are in health, and have bodies either cold by nature, or cooled by age, may take as much either in .the morning fasting, or a little before meat. Spiritus Lavendula compositus Matthias. Or compound spirit of Lavender. Matthias. The College.] Take of Lavender flowers one gallon, to which pour three gallons of the best spirits of wine, let them stand together in the sun six days, then distil them with an Alembick with this refrigeratory.

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Take of the

flowers of Sage, Rosemary, j and Bettony, of each one handful ; the flowers of Borrage, Bugloss, Lilies of the j Valley, Cowslips, of each two handfuls ; let the flowers be newly and seasonably 5 gathered, being infused in one gallon of j the best spirits of wine, and mingled with the foregoing spirit of Lavender flowers, j adding the leaves of Bawm, Feather-few, f and Orange tree fresh gathered; the flowers of Stcechas and Orange tree, .Lay berries, of each one ounce. After convenient diges- { i

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it again, after which add Citron the outward bark, Peony seed husked,

tion distil pills

of

each

six

cinnamon, Mace, Nutmegs, Cardamoms, Cubebs, yellow Sanders, of each half an ounce, Wood of Aloes one dram, the best Jujubes, the stones being taken out, half a pound, digest them six weeks, then strain it and filter it, and add to it prepared Pearls two drams, Emeralds prepared a scruple, Ambergrease, Musk, Saffron, of each half a scruple, red Roses dryed, red Sanders, of each half an ounce, yellow Sanders, Citron Pills, Let the species dryed, of each one dram. drams,

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285

being tyed up in a rag, be hung into the aforementioned spirit. CulpeperJ\ I could wish the Apothecaries would desire to be certified by the College, 1. "Whether the gallon of Lavender flowers must be filled by heap, or by strike, 2. Next, whether the flowers must be pressed down in the measure or not. 3. How much must be drawn off in the first distillation. 4. Where they should get

Orange leaves and flowers fresh gathered, What they mean by convenient digestion. 6. Where you shall find Borrage, and Bugloss, Cowslips, flowering together, that so you may have them all fresh ac-

5.

cording to their prescript, the one flowering end of April, and beginning of in the end of June, and the other May, of 7. If they can make a beginning July. shift to make it, how, or which way the virtues of it will countervail the one half of the charge and cost, to leave the pains and in the latter

trouble out.

Spiritus Castorii. Spirit of Castoreum. The College.] Take of fresh Castoreum four ounces, Lavender flower an ounce, the tops of Sage and Rosemary, of each half an ounce, Cinnamon six drams, Mace, Cloves, of each two drachms, spirits of

Or

Wine

rectified, six pounds, digest them in a phial filled only to the third part, close

stopped with cork and bladder in warm ashes for two days, then distilled in Balneo Marise, and the distilled water kept close stopped. Culpeper.~]

By

reason of

its

heat

it is

no ways fit to be taken alone, but mixed with other convenient medicines appropriated to the diseases you would give it for, it resists poison, and helps such as are bitten by venomous beasts it causes :

speedy

delivery to

women

in travail,

and

casteth out the Placenta it helps the fits of the mother, lethargies and convulsions, being :

j 5

{

mixed with white wine, and dropped

into

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

280

the ears, if helps deafness; if stopping be [pound, Peony flowers four ounces: steep the cause of it, the dcse to be given in- them together fourteen days, then distil wurdly is between one dram, and half a! them in Balneo Marice till they be dry: in dram, according to the strength and age of! the distilled liquor infuse again male Peony the patient. roots gathered in due time, two ounces and 1

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j

Aqua Petasitidis composita. Or, compound water of Butter-bur. The College.'] Take of the fresh roots: of Butter-bur bruised, one pound and a

I \

a half, white Dittany, long Birthwort, of each half an ounce, the leaves of Misselto of the Oak, and Rue, of each two handfuls,

Peony seeds husked, ten drams, Rue seeds of Angelica and Masterwort, three drams and a half, Castoreum two of each half a pound, steep them in ten scruples, Cubebs, Mace, of each two pints of strong Ale, then distil them till drachms, Cinnamon an ounce and a half, the change of the taste gives a testimony Squills prepared, three drachms, Rosemary that the strength is drawn out. flowers six pugils, Arabian Staechas, LavenThis water is very effectual der, of each four pugils, the flowers of Ctilpeper.~] with other convenient cor- j Betony, Clove-gilli-flowers, and Cowslips, mixed being for such as have pestilential fevers of each eight pugils, then adding four dials, also a spoonful taken in the morning, may pound of the juice of black Cherries, disprove a good preservative in pestilential til it in a glass till it be dry. times it helps the fits of the mother, and ! Aqua Bezoartica. Or Bezoar Water, such as are short winded, and being taken \ Take of the leaves of Celanthe moisture of dries such! inwardly, College.~] up and roots sores as are hard to be cured. all, three handfuls and a dirie, ;

half, the roots

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half, Rue two handfuls, Scordium four Aqua Raphani Composita. Or Compound water of Radishes. handfuls, Dittany of Crete, Carduus, of one handful and a half, Zedoary and each Take of the of The College.'] leaves both \

j ;

Angelica roots, of each three drams, Citrons pills, of each six drams, Clovegilliflowers one ounce and a half, Red Rose, Centaury the less, of each two drams, Cinnamon, Cloves, of each three drams, Venice Treacle three ounces, Mithridates freshBrionyrootsfourpound,therootsofwild |One ounce and a half, Camphire two Radishes two pound, Captain Winter's Cin- scruples, Troches of Vipers two ounces, namon half a pound, Nutmegs four ounces, Mace two drams, Wood of Aloes half an dram and a steep them altogether, and then distil them ounce, Yellow Sanders one I it not, and so I leave half, Carduus seeds one ounce, Citron seeds fancy Culpeper.~\ it; I suppose they intended it for purga-|six drams, let them be cut and infused in of Wine, and Malaga Wine, of each tion of women in child-bed. \ spirits three Peonite pound and a half, Vinegar of CloveComposita. Aqua of Lemons, of each one Or Compound water of Peony. gilliflowers, Juice The College.'] Take of the flowers of pound, and distilled in a glass still in Balneo Lilies of the Valley, one pound: infuse Marice, after it is half distilled off, the them in four gallons of Spanish wine so long residue may be strained through a linen till the following flowers may be had fresh. cloath, and be reduced to the thickness of Take of the fore-named flowers half a Honey, and called the Bezoartic extract.

of Scurvy-grass, of each six pound, j having bruised them, press the juice out of them, with which mix of the juice of brooklime, and Water-cresses, of each one pound and a half, of the best white wine, eight pounds, twelve whole Lemons, pills and all, sorts

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and Lemon

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLAPGED.

237

Extracts have the same vir-jone pound and a half, the leaves and CuipcperJ] waters the with tues they are made from, flowers of Centaury the less, of each four form is to please the jounces, steep them eight days in twelve only the different whose fancy loathes any one ; pounds of white Wine, then distil them in palates of such form an alembick. particular It conduces to the water Bezoar This heart, strengthens Culpeper.~] preservation and arteries, and vital spirits: It provokes sweat, from ill air, pestilential fevers : it opens and is exceeding good in pestilential fevers, obstructions of the liver, and helps such as ;

;

in

health

it

withstands

melancholy and they say are liver-grown !

;

it

eases pains in

consumptions, and makes a merry, blithe, the stomach, helps digestion, and eases such Of the extract you may as have pains in their bones by ill lodging chearful creature. lake ten grains at a time, or somewhat abroad in the cold, it provokes appetite, more, if your body be not feverish, half and is exceeding good for the yellow jauna spoonful of water is sufficient at a time, dice, as also for prickings or stitches in the and that mixed with other cordials or medi- sides it provokes the menses, and expels cines appropriated to the disease that trou- both birth and placenta it is naught for If there be no fever, you bles you. pregnant women. a Aqua el Spiritus Lambricorum, magistrate. may take nspoonful by itself; if there be, Or Water and Spirit of Earthworms, you may, if you please, mix it with some Take of Eaith worms well cooler medicine appropriated to the same College.'] three cleansed, pound, Snails, with shells j use you would give it for. on their backs cleansed, two gallons, beat* Aqua Gilbertii. Or Gilbert's Water. them in a mortar, and put them into a conTake of Scabious, Burnet, venient vessel, adding stinging Nettles, College.'] six wild and roots all, handfuls, Angelica, Dragons, Bawm, Angelica, Pimpernel, four handfuls, brank Ursine, seven hand- with purple flowers, Tormentil, roots and let all of them, fuls, Agrimony, Bettony, of each three all, of each two handfuls, handfuls, Rue one handful, common Worm- being rightly gathered and prepared, be wood two handfuls, Rosemary flowers six steeped in four gallons of Canary Wine, ounces, Dock roots ten ounces, the roots of still off three gallons in an alembick, to Sorrel five ounces, Turmerick, the inner which add three ounces of each of the I

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six flowers, bark of Barberries, of each four ounces, cordial Clove-gilliflowers an half Turmerick Saffron Cloves two ounce, three ounces, ounces, Fenugreek seeds of each ounces, Hart's-horn, Ivory in gross pow- Itwo ounces, Galanga, Bazil seeds, seed the Citron pills one ounce, dor, of each four ounces, Saffron three (one dram, Cloves of each drams, small spirits of Wine four gallons! of Citrons and Carduus, four Hart's-horn ounces, steep hours and a half, after twenty-four infusion, five ounces, then distil and hours four Let the four I them twenty distil them in an alembick. distilled water the to Maria: first pounds be reserved for spirit, the rest them \uBalneo a half, add Pearls prepared, an ounce and for water. of each white Amber, Crabs Tis a mess altogether, it red Coral, eyes, Culpeper.~] six drams, Bezoar, it for an universal two drams, Crabs claws, intended be may they two of each scruples, steep medicine. j Ambergrease, in a vessel well in the weeks sun, six |them Aqua Gentianee compositte. often shaking it, then filter it, (you Or Gentian Water compound. j stopped, Take of Gentain roots sliced,* may keep the powders for Spicord. temp.) College.'] 1

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4

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

288

by mixing twelve ounces of Sugar candy, viMfn civ nnnr*>c

r\T re* A

T? r\a&-* iro+/^i*

^*^xJ

i i

4-*,^ ,-.

leaves of Scordium "\7" rt ~~ T^ ____ 1 _ TV j~'

.-__-_

-

cordial

to strengthen the heart, to relieve languishing nature. It is exceeddear. I forbear the that ing dose,

j j

four

handfuls ^

.

.l

------- 7 J ^ them two pounds, digest Horse-dung, or in a bath, close shut, then distil them j.

v*

I*

.

old .

LVVU

-*-J\^AJ.JVfHO

days, either in the vessel being

in sand ; in the they have money enough to make it themselves, distillation make a Theriacal exyou may cannot want time to study both the virtues traction. and dose: I would have gentlemen to This water is exceeding Culpeper.'] good bej studious. {

j

j

un

all

fevers,

especially

pestilential;

it

Aqua it expels venomous humours by sweat Take of the of College.'] juice Borrage, 'strengthens the heart and vitals; it is' an Bugloss, Bawm, Bistort, Tormentil, Scor- admirable counter-poison, special good for dium, Vervain, sharp-pointed Dock, Sorrel, such as have the plague, or are poisoned, or Goat's Rue, Mirrhis, Blue Bottle great and bitten by venomous beasts, and expels small, Roses, Marigolds, Lemon, Citrons, virulent humours from such as have the of each three ounces, Avhite Wine Vinegar venereal disease. If you desire to know one pound, Purslain seeds two ounces, more virtues of it, see the virtues of Venice Citron and Carduus seeds, of each half an Treacle. The dose is from a spoonful to ounce, Water Lily flowers two ounces, an ounce. cordialis frigida Saxenice

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the flowers of Borrage, Bugloss,

Violets,

of

Aqua

{

Brionite composite.

each one ounce, Or Briony Water compound. Clpve-gilliflowers, Diatrion Sentalon six drams let all off Take of the juice of Briony College.] infused four be them, being rightly prepared, roots, pounds, the leaves of Rue and three days, then distilled in a glass still Mugwort, of each two pounds, dryed Savm to the distilled Liquor add earth of Lemnos, Uhree handfuls, Featherfew, Nep, PennySiletia, and Samos, of each one ounce and royal, of each two handfuls, Bazil, Dittany, an half, Pearls prepared with the juice of! of Crete, of each one handful and a half, Citrons, three drams, mix them, and keep! Orange pills four ounces, Myrrh two them together. ounces, Castoreum one ounce, Canary Wine It Culpeper.'] mightily cools the blood, twelve pounds, digest them four days in a and therefore profitable in fevers, and all convenient vessel, then still them in Ealnto diseases proceeding of heat of blood it Mariee : About the middle of the distillaYou provokes sleep. may take half an tion strain it out, and make an Hysterical ounce at a time, or two drams if the party extraction of the residue. be weak. A spoonful of ii taken, Culpeper^] Theriacalis. eases the fits of the mother in women that Aqua Or Treacle Water. have them ; it potently expels the afterTake of the of College.'] juice green birth, and clears the body of what a midfour the Walnuts, pounds, juice of Ruenvife by heedlessness or accident hath left three pounds, juice of Carduus, Marigolds, 1 behind it cleanses the womb exceedingly, and Bawm, of each two pounds, green and for that I fancy it much, take not above Petasitis roots one pound and a half, the a tasterful at a time, and then in the morroots of Burs one pound, Angelica and ning fasting, for it is of a purging quality, j Master-wort, of each half a pound, the \ and let pregnant women forbear it. $

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

289

Carduus water, in a glass, close stopped, Aqua Imperialis. and set it in the sun of bath for a fortnight, Water. Or Imperial The College .] Take of dried Citron, and often shaking it, then distil it in Balnea Maria. the two first pounds be kept by themOrange pi-lls, Nutmegs, Cloves, Cinnamon, Let of each two ounces, the roots of Cypress, selves for use, and the remainder of the disCalamus Aromaticus, tillation by itself Lastly, mix one ounce Orris, Florentine, of each one ounce, Zedoary Galanga, of Julep of Alexandria, and a spoonful of the tops of Cinnamon water with each pound. Ginger, of each half an ounce, Lavender and Rosemary, of each two CulpcperJ] Aqua Protheriacalis, signifies Avater for a so then if you put of leaves Treacle, the Bay, Marjoram, nandfuls, Diascoridum to it is a water for Diascoeach one of it, Bawm, Mints, Sage, Thyme, ridum well we will take it for a then, handful, the flowers of white and Damask j 5

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Roses fresh, of each half a handful, Rose- general water for all physick. water four pounds, white Wine eight pounds, _Aqua Caponis. Or Capon Water. let all of them be bruised and infused j

twenty four hours, then

distil

them accord-

Take a Capon the

guts being in pieces, the fat being pulled out, cut 1 ! 1 PC* taken away, boiled in a sufficient quantity of spring-water in a close vessel, take of and the heart against faintings swoonings, this broth three pounds. Borrage and and is held to be a preservative against Violet-Avater, of each a pound and a half; consumptions and apoplexies. You may white Wine one pound, red rose leaves two drams and an half, the flowers of Borrage, take half a spoonful at a time. Violets and Bugloss, of each one dram, Mirabilis. Aqua

ing to art. You must distil it in a bath, Culpeper.~] IT. (* 1 j_l and not in sand: It comforts and strengthens

College^]

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Take of Cloves, Galanga, pieces of bread, hot out of the oven, half Cardamoms, Nutmegs, a pound, Cinnamon bruised, half an ounce, Mace, Cubebs, of Celan- distil it in a glass still according to art. one of each dram, JuiceTX7"* Ginger, of Wine The simples are most of half a dine one\ Culpepe.r.'] pound, spirits them appropriated to the heart, and in pound, white Wine three pounds, infuse! them twenty -four hours, and draw off two truth the composition greatly nourishes and College.']

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strengthens such as are in consumptions, restores lost strength, either by fevers this, simples Culpeper.~] or the water other sickness : It is a sovereign remedy regard the stomach, and therefore | heats cold stomachs, besides authors say it for hectic fevers, and Marasmos, which

pounds with an alembick.

The

also

and

of

j

preserves

from

apoplexies,

and

restores

lost speech.

College.']

Aqua Protheriacalis. Take of Scordium, Scabius,

nothing else but a consumption coming Let such as are subject to these diseases, hold it for a jewel.

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is

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from them.

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Carduus, Goat's Rue, of each two handfuls, { Citron and Orange pills, of each two ounces, the seeds of Citrons, Carduus, Hartwort, j Treacle, Mustard, of each one ounce, the flowers of Marigolds and Rosemary, of each one handful, cut them, and bruise ihem grossly, then infuse them in four pounds of white Wine, and two pounds of J

Aqua Limacum Magistr, Or Water of Snails. Take of the juice of Ground College^] Ivy,

Colt's-foot,

Scabious,

Lungwort, of

|

each one pound and a half, the juice of Purslain, Plantain, Ambrosia, Paul's Bettony, of each a. pound, Hog's blood, white Wine, of each four pounds, Garden Snails,

j

two pound, dried Tobacco leaves

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eight,

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

290

powder of Liquorice two ounces, of Ele-j campaue half an ounce, of Orris an ounce, Cotton seeds an ounce and a half, the; greater cold seeds, Annis seeds of each six drams, Saffron one dram, the flowers of red Roses, six pugils, of Violets and Borrage, of each four pugils, steep them three days warm, and then distil them in a glass; :

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still,

seeds, six ounces.

Let

all

of them, being

bruised, be steeped in three pounds of white Wine for three days, then distilled in a

leaden

still

they be dry.

till

in sand.

It purges the lungs of flegm \ Culpeper.] and helps consumptions there. If youj should happen to live Avhere no better nor| readier medicine can be gotten, you may

use

Take of green Walnuts a and an half, Radish roots one pound Asarabacca six ounces, Radish pound, green College.]

this.

Aqua

Scorclii composita.

Or Compound Water of Scordium. Take of the juice of Goat's; College^] Rue, Sorrel, Scordium, Citrons, of each one pound, London Treacle, half a pound, steep it three days, and distil it in sand. A tasterful taken in thei Culpeper,.] morning, preserves from ill airs. Aqua Maria.

\ \

Take of Sugar Candy a pound, Wine six ounces, Rose Water four Canary College.]

ounces

;

boil

it

well into a Syrup,

and add

TINCTURES. Tmctura

Croci.

Or Tincture of Saffron. Take two drams of College.]

Saffron,

eight ounces of Treacle water, digest them six days, then strain

it.

See the virtues of Treacle Culpeper.] then know that this strengthens and water, the heart something more, and keeps

melancholy vapours thence by drinking a spoonful of it every morning. Tmctura Castorii. Or Tincture of Castoreum. Take of Castoreum in powder College.] half an ounce, spirit of Castoreum half a pound, digest them ten days cold, strain it, and keep the Liquor for Tincture. J

Imperial water two pounds, AmberMusk, of each eighteen grains, Tis learned invention! Culpeper.] affron fifteen grains, yellow Sanders in- 1 freese, more prevalent than the spirit. fused in Imperial water, two drams ; make \ something Tinctura Fragroram^ a clear water of it. Or Tincture of Strawberries. Aqua Papaveries composita. Take of ripe Wood-strawOr Poppy Water compound. College^] two pounds, put them in a phial, College.] Take of red Poppies four pounds, berries and them with white Wine two put so much small spirits of Wine to sprinkle pounds, then distil them in a common still, let the them, that it may overtop them the thickdistilled water be poured upon fresh flowers ness of four fingers, stop the vessel close, and repeated three times ; to which dis- and set it in the sun two days, then strain tilled water add two Nutmegs sliced, red! it, and press it but gently pour this spirit Poppy flowers a pugil, Sugar two ounces, to as many fresh Strawberries, repeat this set it in the sun to give it a pleasing sharp- six times, at last keep the dear liquor for ness ; if the sharpness be more than you your use. fine thing for Gentlemen would have it, put some of the same water Culpeper. that have nothing else to do with their to it which was not set in the sun. money, and it will have a lovely look to Aqua Juglandium composita.

to

it

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Or Walnut Water compound.

A

please their eyes.

AND ENGLISH

PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

29J

Tinctura Scordii. Aqua Aluminosa Magistrate, Or Tincture of Scordium. Take of Plantain and red College.] Take of the leaves of Scor- Rose water, of each a College.'] pound, roch Alum dium gathered in a dry time, half a pound, and Sublimatum, of each two drams; let digest them in six pounds of small spirits of the Alum and Sublimatum, being in j

j

I

pow-

a vessel well stopped, for three boil in the waters, in a vessel with a Wine, jder, them out and days, press gently, repeat the narrow mouth till half be consumed, when in

infusion three times, liquor for use.

So

is

and keep the

made Tincture

j

clarified

of Celandine, Rest-

|

Ludg. per

Aqua

Theriacalis \

in/us.

\

Or Tincture of Treacle. Take of Canary Wine College.']

often half an

has stood

five

days, strain

j

it.

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harrow, and Rosa-solis. See the herbs for the vir-j Culpeper.'] and then take notice that these are tues, j better for cold stomachs, old bodies. Tinctura Theriacalis vulgo

it

PHYSIC AT WTNTX Vimtm

Absynthitis.

Or Wormwood Wine. Take a handful of College^]

dried

Wormwood, for every gallon of Wine, stop it in a vessel close, and so let it remain in so is prepared wine of Rosemary steep flowers, and Eye-bright, It helps cold stomachs, Culpeper.'] breaks wind, helps the wind cholic, :

j

times distilled, Vinegar in which ounce of Rue seeds have been boiled, twoj pounds choice treacle, the best Mithridate, of each half a pound ; mix them and set them in the sun, or heat of a bath, digest; them, and keep the water for use. Tinctura Cinnamoui, vulgo, Aqua Clareta \

j

strengthens the stomach, helps the green sickness,

kills

worms, and

Rosemary-flower Wine, is made after the same manner. It is good against all cold Cinnam. diseases of the head, consumes flegrn, Or Tincture of Cinnamon. strengthens the gums and teeth. Take of bruised Cinnamon* Cotlege.~\ Eye-bright Wine is made after the same two ounces, rectified spirits of Wine two \ manner. It wonderfully clears the sight pounds, infuse them four days in a large being drank, and revives the sight of elderly A cup of it in the morning is worth glass stopped with cork and bladder, shake men \

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twice a day, then dissolve half a pound of Sugar Candy by itself in two pounds of Rose water, mix both liquors, into which hang a nodule containing, Ambergris half a scruple, Musk four grains. Tinctura Viridis. Or a green Tincture. \ Take of Verdigris, half an College^]

it

a pair of spectacles. All other Wines are prepared in the same

manner.

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The Wines

best is,

way of taking any of

these

a draught of them every may, if you find your body

to drink

You

morning.

old or cold, make Wine of any other herb, the virtues of which you desire ; and make ounce, Auripigmentum six drams, Alum \ it and take it in the same manner, Vinum Cerassorum Nigrorum. three drams, boil them in a pound of Avhite? Or Wine of Black Cherries, Wine till half be consumed, adding, after it j Take a gallon of Black Cherries, is cold, the water of red Roses, and College.'] |

Night-

shade, of each six ounces. This was made to Culpeper. but I ulcers, fancy it not. ~]

:

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keep

it

in

a vessel close stopped

till

it

cleanse j begin to work, then filter it, and an ounce let }of Sugar being added to every pound,

4F

THE COMPLETE HERBAL. Hippocrates' sleeve, and keep in a vessel close stopped for use. Vinum Helleloratum. Or Helleborated Wine. Take of white Hellebore cut College.] it

and when

pass through

it

hath stood so four days, take

out the Squill.

;

of this are the same with of Squills, only it is hotter. Vinegar

The

:

virtues

*

ounces, Spanish Wine two j peunds, steep it in the sun in a phial close | PHYSICAL stopped, in the dog days, or other hotj Acetum distillatum. weather. Or distilled Vinegar. Vinum Rulellum. Fill a glass or stone alembick Take of Stibium, in powder, \ College] College.] one ounce, Cloves sliced two drams, Claret J with the best Vinegar to the third part, Wine two pounds, keep it in a phial close i separate the flegm with a gentle fire, then fire by degrees, and perform shut. j encrease the Vinum Benedict urn. the work. j Take of Acetum Rosarum. Crocus Metallorum, College] small,

four

VINEGARS

powder, one ounce, Mace one dram, Spanish Wine one pound and an half, steep

j

in

Or Rose Vinegar. Takeof red Rose buds, gathered

j

College] :in a dry time, the whites cut off, dried in : the shade three or four days, one pound, Vinum Antimoniale. Or Antimonial Wine. j Vinegar eight sextaries, set them in the suu of of Take Antimony, forty days, then strain out the Roses, and Regulus College] in powder, four ounces, steep it in three repeat the infusion with fresh ones. After the same manner is made Vinegar pounds of white Wine in a glass well stopped, after the first shaking let the Regulus settle. \ of Elder flowers, Rosemary flowers, and \

it.

!

Culpeper]

These

last

mentioned

are

$

Clove-gilliflowers.

Culpeper] For the virtues of all Vinegars, take this one only observation, They carry the same virtues with the flowers crements, and to regulate a man's body in whereof they are made, only as we said of vomiting ; and doses of vomits require a Wines, that they were better for cold bodies deeper study in physic, than I doubt the then the bare simples whereof they are generality of people yet have; I omit it made ; so are Vinegars for hot bodies, therefore at this time, not because I grudge Besides, Vinegars are often, nay, most cornit my country, but because I would not monly used externally, viz. to bathe the have them do themselves a mis- place, then look amongst the simples, and willingly chief, I shall shortly teach them in what see what place of the body the simple is diseases vomits may be used, and then, and appropriated to, and you cannot but know j not till then, the use of vomits. both what Vinegar to use, and to what place vomits, and vomits are fitting medicines for but a few, the mouth being ordained to take in nourishment, not to cast out ex-

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Vinum

Scilliticum.

Or Wine of Squills. Take of a white Squill of

the College] mountains, gathered about the rising of the dog star, cut it in thin pieces, and dried for

\

to

apply

it.

Acetum \ ;

Scilliticum.

Or Vinegar of College] Take of that

Squils.

part of the Squill

between the outward bark and the a month, one pound, put it in a glass bottle, \ bottom, cut in thin slices, and placed thirty and pour to it eight pounds of French Wine, or for ly days in the sun or some remiss \vhich

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. heat, then a pound of them (being cut small with a knife made of ivory or some

293

dram, Saffron three drams, of these let the Saffron, Hart's-horn, Dittany, and Bole, be tied up in a rag, and steeped with the

white wood) being put in a vessel, and six pounds of Vinegar put to them ; set the ves- things before mentioned, in five pints of sel, being close stopped, in the sun thirty or Vinegar, for certain days by a temperate afterwards strain heat in a and it well it, forty days, glass keep stopped, strain it, and for use. add six drams of the best Treacle to it, A little of this medicine shake it together, and keep it for your use. CulpeperJ] Acetum Theriacale. being taken in the morning fasting, and half an hour Or the Treacle Vinegar. after, walking preserves in to extreme old Add to the health, body College.'] age, (as description of Sanius tried, who using no other medicine Treacle water, Clove-gilliflowers two ounces, but this, lived in perfect health till one Lavender flowers an ounce and a half, hundred and seventeen years of age) it Rose, and Elder flower Vinegar, of each makes the digestion good, a long wind, four pounds, digest it without boiling, three a clear voice, an acute sight, a good colour, clays, then strain it through Hippocrates'

no offensive thing to remain in the neither wind, iiegm, choler, melanbody, nor urine, but brings them choly, dung, forth ; it brings forth filth though it lie in the bones, it takes away salt and sour

See Treacle Water for the Culpeper.~] this is more cool, a little more virtues, only fantastical.

belchings, though a man be never so licentious in diet, he shall feel no harm: It hath cured such as have the phthisic, that have

DECOCTIONS.

it

suffers

sleeve.

been given over by all Physicians It cures such as have the falling sickness, gouts, and

Decoctum commune pro

:

and swellings of the joints: the hardness of the liver and away should never have done if we reckon up the particular benefits medicine Therefore we commend diseases

We

:

It takes

spleen.

flowers, of each one handful, sweet Fennel seeds half an ounce, Linseeds two drams, boil them in a sufficient quantity of com-

should of this it

clystere.

Or a common Decoction for a Clyster. Take of Mallows, Violets, College] Pellitory, Beets, and Mercury, Chamomel

as a

wholesome medicine for soundness of mon water to a pound. This is the common decocbody, preservation of health, and vigour of Culpeper.~] tion for all clysters, according to the quamind. Thus Galen. Acetum Theriacale, Norimberg. lity of the humour abounding, so you may add what Simples, or Syrups, or Electuaries Or Treacle Vinegar.

Take of the roots of Celandine College.'] the greater, one ounce and a half: the roots

|

you please; only half a score Linseeds, and a handful of Chamomel flowers are

of Angelica, Masterwort, Gentian, Bistort, added. Decoctum Epythimi. Valerian, Burnet, white Dittany, ElecamOr a Decoction of Epithimum. pane, Zedoary, of each one dram, of PlanTake of Myrobalans, Chebs, tain the greater one dram and a half, the College.'] leaves of Mousear, Sage, Scabious, Scor- and Inds, of each half an ounce, Stoechas, dium, Dittany of Crete, Carduus, of each Raisins of the sun stoned, Epithimum, half an handful, barks and seeds of Citrons, ^ Senna, of each one ounce, Fumitory half of each half a dram, Bole Amoniac one Jan ounce, Maudlin five drams, Polipodium

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

294

drams, Turbith half an ounce, Whey milk, or Heifer's milk four

Decoctttm Trumaiicum. Take of Agrimony, Mugwort College^] j let all boil to two them St. John's Wort, Mousear, wild pounds, Angelica, TJ *j_1* I'llpounds, '11 r 1. 1 TTT f the Epithimum excepted, which boil but of each two handfuls, Wormwood half a a second or two, then take it from the fire, handful, Southernwood, Bettony, Bugloss, and add black Hellebore one dram andi Comfrey the greater and lesser, roots and an half, Agerick half a drain, Sal, Gern. Jail, Avens, both sorts of Plantain, Sanicle, one drain and an half, steep them ten hours, Tormentil with the roots, the buds of Barthen press it strongly out. berries and Oak, of each a handful, all It as these Culpeper.'] purges melancholy, being gathered in May and June also choler, it resists madness, and all [and diligently dried, let them be cut and diseases coining of melancholy, and there- put up in skins or papers against the time fore let melancholy people esteem it as a! of use, then take of the forenamed herbs three handfuls, boil them in four pounds of jewel. Dtcoctum Semite Gereonis. conduit water and two pounds of white Or a Decoction of Senna. Wine gently till half be consumed, strain it, Take of Senna two and a pound of Honey being added to it, ounces, | College.'] half an let it one be scummed and kept for use. ounce, Ganger Pollipodium If sight of a medicine will dram, Raisins of the sun stoned two$ Culpeper.'] ounces, Sebestens, Prunes, of each twelve, do you good, this is as like to do it as any the flowers of Borrage, Violets, Roses, and I know. six

made with Goat's

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Rosemary, of each two drams, boil them in four pounds of water till half be consumed, It is a common Decoction Culpeper.'] for any purge, by adding other simples or

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compounds to it, according to the quality humour you would have purged,! \

of the

yet, in itself,

it

AT TFRING SYRUPS

chiefly purges melancholy. Pectorale. .

Decoctum

Or a Pectoral Decoction. Take of Raisins of College. ~]

stoned, an ounce, Sebestens,

each

READER, before we begin Culpeper.~] the sun j with the particular Syrups, I think good to Jujubes, of advertise thee of these few things, which j

i

Dates six, Figs four, French jconcernthenature,making,anduseofSyrups one 1. A Sj'rup is a medicine of ounce, Liquorice half an ounce, Jin general. Barley Maiden-hair, Hyssop, Scabious, Colt's-foot, a liquid body, compounded of Decoction, of each one handful, boil them in three Un fusion, or Juice, with Sugar or Honey, and brought by the heat of the fire, into pounds of water till two remain. The 2. Because all medicine is the thickness of Honey. Culpeper.'] chiefly appropriated to the lungs, and therefore Honey is not of a thickness, understand causes a clear voice, a long wind, resists new Honey, which of all other is thinnest, fifteen,

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roughs, hoarseness, asthmas, &c. You 3. The reason why Decoctions, Infusions, may drink a quarter of a pint of it every Juices, are thus used, is, Because thereby, morning, without keeping to any diet, for First, They will keep the longer. Secondly, j

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it

4 In boiling the better. of care their a have some Syrups fitting to be Syrups just congreat when I come to the Syrups. Isistence, for if you boil them too much

purges not. I shall quote

rnixed with

it,

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will taste

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

295

they will candy, if too little, they will sour, Si/rupus de Acetosiis simpler. 5. All simple Syrups have the virtues of Or Syrup of Vinegar simple, j the simples they are made of, and are far Take of clear Water four College.'] more convenient for weak people, and j pounds, white Sugar five pounds, boil them delicate stomachs. jin a glazed vessel over a gentle fire, scumde Absinthw simplex. Syrupus ming it till half the water be consumed , then Or Syrup of Wormwood simple. in two pounds of white Wine j by putting The College.] Take of the clarified Juice Vinegar by degrees, perfect the Syrup, of common Wormwood, clarified Sugar, That melt the Sugar is, Culpeper.] only ofj each four pounds, make it into a Syrup ac- with the Vinegar over the fire, scum it, but cording to art. After the same manner, boil it not. are prepared simple Syrups of Betony,> Si/rupus Acetosus j

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simplicior.

Or Syrup of Vinegar more simple. Borrage, Bugloss, Carduus, Chamomel, Take of white Sugar five Succory, Endive, Hedge-mustard, StrawCollege.'] berries, Fumitory, Ground Ivy, St. John's pounds, white Wine Vinegar two pounds, Wort, Hops, Mercury, Mousear, Plantain, by melting it in a bath, make it into a Apples, Purslain, Rasberries, Sage, Scabi- \ Syrup. Scordium, Houseleek, Colt's-foot, i ous, Culpeper.~] Of these two Syrups let every Paul's Bettony, and other Juices not sour, lone use which he finds by experience to be See the simples, and then best the difference is but little. The}' Culpeper.~] you may easily know both their virtues, and both of them cut flegm, as also tough, also thai they are pleasanter and fitter for hard viscous humours in the stomach; they delicate stomachs when they are made into cool the body, quench thirst, provoke urine, j and prepare the stomach before the taking Syrups. Absintkio a vomit. If you take it as a preparative de Compositus. Synipus jof of Wormwood for an emetic, take half an ounce of it when Or Syrup i compound. Take of common Wormwood you go to bed the night before you intend College.] meanly dry, half a pound, red Roses two {it to operate, it will work the easier, but if for ounces, Indian Spikenard three drams, any of the foregoing occasions, take it with old white Wine, juice of Quinces, of each la liquorice stick, two pounds and an half, steep them a whole j Si/rupus Acetosus compositm. then boil them Or in an earthen vessel, Syrup of Vinegar compound, day j i

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gently,

and

pounds of

strain

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sugar, boil

it

and by adding two College] Take of the into a Syrup accord- Fennel, Endive, of each !

1

roots of Smallage, three ounces, the

seeds of Annis, Smallage, Fennel, of each followed verbatim one ounce, of Endive half an ounce, clear in this; and the receipt is appropriated tOsWatersix pounds, boil it gently in an earthen cold and flegmatic stomachs, and it is an vessel till half the water be consumed, then admirable remedy for it, for it strengthens strain and clarify it, and with three pounds both stomach and liver, as also the instru-iof Sugar, and a pound and a half of white

ing to art. Culpeper]

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I

with flegm, or tough humour.', it prevails against the yellow stuffed cither or stoppings both obstructions for it humours breaks wind, purges by opens jaundice, the of urine. stomach, liver, spleen, and reins one's victuals,

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

296

and brings away tough flegm and four hours in three ounces of white Wine, choler, and is therefore a special remedy Radish and Fumitory water, of each two for such as have a stuffing at their stomach. pounds, then boil it away to one pound eight ounces, let it settle, in four ounces of Syrupus de dgno Casio. Or Syrup of Agnus Castus. which, whilst it is warm, dissolve by itself of Take the Gum Ammoniacum, first dissolved in white seeds of and Rue College^ Hemp, of each half a dram, of Endive, Wine Vinegar, two ounces, boil the rest Lettice, Purslain, Gourds, Melons, of each with a pound and an half of white sugar two drams, of Fleawort half an ounce, of into a Syrup, adding the mixtures of the it

cuts

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Agnus Water

Gum

Castus four ounces, the flowers of j Lilies, the leaves of Mints, of each ?

half a handful, decoction of seeds of Lentils, and Coriander seeds, of each half an ounce, three pounds of the decoction, boil them all over a gentle fire till two pounds be consumed, add to the residue, being strained,! two ounces of juice of Lemons, a pound and a half of white sugar, make it into a ;

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itch, leprosy, and what else the liver over heated.

Syrup according

A

to art.

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and good

for

proceed from

You may

ounce

take an

at a time,

Syrupus de Artemisia.

\ 1

at the end.

Or Syrup of Mugwort. Take of Mugwort two handCollege^]

Pennyroyal, Calaminth, Origanum, {Bawm, Arsmart, Dittany of Crete, Savin, de Altluea. Marjoram, Germander, St. John's Wort, Syrupus Or Syrup of Marsh-mallows. Camepitis, Featherfew with the flowers, Take of roots of Marsh-ma] Centaury the less, Rue, Bettony, Bugloss, College.'} two ounces, the roots of Grass Aspara- of each a handful, the roots of Fennel, lows, Parsley, Sparagus, Bruscus, gus, Liquorice, Raisins of the Sun stoned, Smallage, of each half an ounce, the tops of Mallows, Saxifrage, Elecampane, Cypress, Madder, Marsh-mallows, Pellitory of the Wall, Orris, Peony, of each an ounce, Juniper Burnet, Plantain, Maiden-hair white and Berries, the seeds of Lovage, Parsley, black, of each a handful, red Cicers an Smallage, Annis, Nigella, Carpobalsamum ou:;ce, of the four greater and four lesser or Cubebs, Costus, Cassia Lignea, Cardacold seeds, of each thiee drams, boil them moms, Calamus Aromaticus, the roots of in six pounds of clear Water till fourremain, Asarabacca, Pellitory of Spain, Valerian, which being strained, boil into a syrup with of each half an ounce, being cleansed, cut, four pounds of white sugar. and bruised, let them be infused twentyIt is a fine Culpeper.~] cooling, opening, four hours in fourteen pounds of clear water, slipery Syrup, and chiefly commendable for and boiled till half be consumed, being the cholic, stone, or gravel, in the kidneys \ taken off from the fire, and rubbed between or bladder. \ your hands whilst it is warm, strain it, and \ with Syrupus de Ammoniaca. honey and sugar, of each two pounds, Culpeper.~]

pretty Syrup,

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little*

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Or Syrup of Ammoniacum. sharp Vinegar four ounces, boil it to a Syrup, of and Take Maudlin and Cetrach, College.] perfume it Avith Cinnamon and Spikej

of each four handful s, common Wormwood nard, of each three drams. an ounce, the roots of Succory. Sparagus, It helps the passion of the Culpeper.'] bark of Caper roots, of each two ounces, j matrix, and retains it in its place, it dis-, after due preparation steep them twenty- solves the coldness, wind, and pains thereof; \

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. it

297

You may take them with a and provokes Liquorice stick, or take a spoonful in the may take a spoonful ofl morning fasting.

strengthens the nerves, opens the pores, I jaundice.

corrects the blood, You the menses. it at a time.

it

corrects

\

Syrupus Botryos. Or Syrup of Oak of Jerusalem. Syrupus de Bctonica composites. Or Syrup of Bettony compound. Take of Oak of Jerusalem, College.'] Take of Bettony three hand- Hedge-mustard, Nettles, of each two handCollege.'] fuls, Marjoram four handfuls and a half, | fuls, Colt*s-foot, one handful and a half, Thy .ne, red Roses, of each a handful, Violets, {boil them in a sufficient quantity of clear Stcechas, Sage, of each half a handful, the water till half be consumed to two pounds seeds of Fennel, Annis, and Ammi, of each of the Decoction, add two pounds of the half an ounce, the roots of Peons, Poly- 1 Juice of Turnips baked in an oven in a podium, and Fennel, of each five drams J close pot, and with three pounds of white boil them in six pounds of river water, to sugar, boil it into a Syrup, three pounds, strain it, and add juice of This Syrup was composed Cnlpeper.] Bettony two pounds, sugar three pounds against coughs, shortness of breath, and and a half, make it into a Syrup. other the like infirmities of the breast proIt diseases of helps CulpeperJ\ ceeding of cold, for which (if you can get coming in the head and take it with a Liquorice stick, both as also cold, stomach, it) you may such as come of wind, vertigos, madness ; Syrtqnts Capillorum Veneris. it concocts melancholy, it provokes the Or Syvup of Maiden-hair, Take of Liquorice two ounces, menses, and so doth the simple Syrup more College.'] five than the compound. Maiden-hair ounces, steep them a j in four \ natural day pounds of warm water, Syrupus Byzontinus, simple. College.] Take of the Juice of the leaves j then after gentle boiling, and strong strainof Endive and Smallage, of each twopounds, ing, with a pound and a half of fine sugar of Hops and Bugloss, of each one pound, make it into a Syrup, It opens stoppings of the boil them together and scum them, and Culpeper^] to.] \

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liquor, add four pounds of j stomach, strengthens the lungs, and helps while sugar, to as much of the juices, and j the infirmities of them. This maybe taken also either with a Liquorice stick, or mixed with a gentle fire boil it to a Syrup. with the Pectoral Decoction like Syrup of Syrupus Byzantimis, compound. Take of the Juices so ordered Coltsfoot. College.~\ as in the former, four pounds, in which boil \ Syrupus Cardiacus, -eel Julcpum Cardiacum. Or a Cordial Syrup, led Roses, two ounces, Liquorice half an Take of Rhenish Wine two of the seeds and; Annis, Fennel, ounce, College^] Water two ounces and a half, Rose three drams, Spikenard pounds, Smallage, of each two drams, strain it, and to the three pounds! Cloves two scruples, Cinnamon half a three remaining, add two pounds of Vinegar, i dram, Ginger two scruples, Sugar four pounds of Sugar, make it into a syrup j ounces and a half, boil it to the consistence of a Julep, adding Ambergris three according to art. \ They both of them (viz. j grains, Musk one grain, Culpeper.~\ If you would have this Julep both Simple and Compound) open Culpepcr.~] stopp-j in more sugar, ings of the stomach, liver, and spleen, help keep long, you may put the rickets in children, cut and bring j and yet if close stopped, it will not easily away tough flegm, and help the yellow | corrupt because it is made up only of Wine,

the clarified

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

298

indeed the wisest way is to order the quantity of sugar according to the palate of him that takes it. It restores such as are in consumptions, comforts the heart, cherishes the drooping spirits, and is of an

a pound, Sugar two pounds, make it into a Syrup like Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers. It prevails against all disCulpeperJ] eases proceeding from choler, or heat of j

pestilential, and resists poison, cools

blood, fevers, both

not the

opening quality, thereby carrying away pestilential ; those vapours which might otherwise annoy blood, quenches thirst, cures the vertigo, ] the brain and heart: You may take an ! or dizziness in the head, ounce at a time, or two if you please. After the same manner is College^] it

Syrupus

infusionis

Or Syrup of

forum Cariophillorum.

j !

Clove-gilliflowers.

Take a pound of Clove-gilliCollegeJ] the whites flowers, being cut off, infuse them a whole night in two pounds of water, then with four pounds of sugar melted in it, make it into a Syrup without boiling. This Syrup is a fine ternCulpeper.~\ it perate Syrup strengthens the heart,

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a Syrup. Syrupus de Cinnamomo. Or Syrup of Cinnamon. Take of Cinnamon grossly College.'] bruised, four ounces, steep it in white Wine, and small Cinnamon Water, of each half a pound, three days, in a glass, by a gentle heat; strain it, and with a pound and a half of sugar, boil it gently to a

less

sorrel,

Mulberries, Sorrel, English Currants,

and other sour Juices. If you look the simples you Culpeper.~\ of them they all cool the virtues see may and comfort the heart, and strengthen the stomach, Syrup of Quinces stays vomiting, so doth all Syrup of Grapes, :

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made Syrups of Grapes, Oranges, Barberries, Cherries, Quinces, Lemons, Wood-

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Spring Water four pounds, them till half be all them steep night, boil consumed, taking off the scum, strain it, and with two pounds and a half of sugar

two

drains,

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into a Syru,

without Musk, with three grains of

:

Musk

let

tied

up

It strengthens the

!

a rag. stomach, in

Culpcper.] poison, strengthens the heart, and It refreshes the vital Culpeper.~\ spirits resists the passions thereof, palpitation, and cheers both heart and faintings, swoonings ; it strengthens the exceedingly, j stomach languishing through cold, it helps ! vital spirits, restores such as are in condigestion exceedingly, and strengthens the j sumptions, and hectic fevers, and strengthens whole body. You may take a spoonful at nature much. You may take a spoonful

Syrup.

I

resists

$

a time

in

j

a cordial.

Thus

\

also

you may conveniently prepare Syrups (but only with* white Wine,) of Annis seeds, sweet Fennel College.']

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at a time.

Syrupus

e Coralliis simplex.

Or Syrup of Coral simple, Take of red Coral in very College.']

fine

four ounces, dissolve it in clarified Nutmegs, Ginger, j powder Acetosltat'n Citriorum. of Barberries in the heat of a bath, \ Syrupus juice of of Juice Citrons.. OrSyrup ja pound, in a glass well stopped with wax of Take the of Juice and cork, a digestion being made three or Citrons, College^] strained without expression, and cleansed, four days, pour off what is dissolved; put seeds, Cloves,

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. in fresh clarified juice, and proceed as before, repeat this so often till all the coral

209

a spoonful of it before meat, for vomiting after meat, for both, as also for be dissolved lastly, to one pound of this the rest, in the morning. juice add a pound and a half of sugar, and Syrupus de Erysimo. boil it to a Syrup gently. Or Syrup of Hedge-mustard. j e Coralliis Take of Hedge-mustard, fresh, compositus. Syrupus College^] Or Syrup of Coral compound. six handfuls, the roots of Elecampane, Take of red Coral six ounces, Colt's-foot, Liquorice, of each two ounces, College.'] in very fine powder, and levigated upon Borrage, Succory, Maiden-hair, of each a a marble, add of clarified juice of Lemons, | handful and a half, the cordial flowers, the flegm being drawn off in a bath, sixteen Rosemary and Bettony, of each half a handounces, clarified juice of Barberries, eight ful, Annis seeds half an ounce, Raisins of ounces, sharp white Wine Vinegar, and juice the sun stoned, two ounces, let all of them, of Wood-sorrel, of each six ounces, mix them being prepared according to art, be boiled together, and put them in a glass stopped in a sufficient quantity of Barley Water with cork and bladder, shaking it every and Hydromel, with six ounces of juice of day till it have digested eight days in a Hedge-mustard to two pounds and a half, bath, or horse dung, then filter it, of which the which, with three pounds of sugar, boil take a pound and a half, juice of Quinces it into a Syrup according to art. It was invented half a pound, sugar of Roses twelve ounces, Culpepcr.~\ against make them into a Syrup in a bath, adding cold afflictions of the breast and lungs, as Syrup of Clove-gilli flowers sixteen ounces, asthmas, hoarseness, &c. You may take keep it for use, omitting the half dram of it either with a Liquorice stick, or which is Ambergris, and four grains of Musk better, mix an ounce of it with three or till the four ounces of Pectoral Decoction, and physician command it. Coral of both it off warm in the drink CulpeperJ] Syrup simple morning. are in and compound, restore such as conSyrupus de Fumaria. Or Syrup of Fumitory. sumptions, are of a gallant cooling nature, take

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Or Syrup ofc Erratic n 77 rr .1 r> Poppies. lake ofr T\T Berries two] College.} Myrtle r i no f fl f e the Jake of fresh o flowers of 1r iLoueff.\ and red, banders white ounces and an half, j TD red Poppies two pounds, steep them in r> T> u i ' Sumach, Balaustines, .Barberry stones, red ffour ofc warm spring water, the next -n c if iv,r pounds Hoses, of each an ounce and a hair, Medu *i * c ., ir day J strain it, and boil it into a Syrup with lars half a pound, bruise them in eight?-. ;its equal j f f weight sugar. l strain it, and add j pounds of water to four, i rpi, c i ,1 ui i i The Syrup cools the blood, f f^ T, Culpeper. ^ , mice of Quinces and sour Pomegranates, surfeits, and may .., A ,; helps given in J safe Jy be & rf r>ooh CIY nnnnrls . with thrfp three pounds then \vith of each six r>nnr-r> ounces, thfn and hot frenzies, fevers, agues. of sugar, boil it into a Syrup. The Syrup is of a very bindSyrupus de Pilosella. Culpeper^] Or Syrup of Mousear. ing, yet comforting nature, it helps such as or all fluxes of the Take of Mousear three handcorrobelly, College.'] spit blood, the roots of Lady's- mantle an ounce the internal it the sions of fuls, parts, strengthens retentive faculty, and stops immoderate and an half, the roots of Comfrey the A spoonful at a time is \ greater, Madder, white Dittany, Tormentil, flux of menses. of each an ounce, the leaves of the dose. { Bistort, Ground Ivy, Plan\ Wintergreen, Horsetail, Syrupus Florum Nymphte simplex. Or Syrup of Water-Lily flowers, simple. ! tain, Adder's Tongue, Strawberries, St. Take of the whitest of white John's Wort Avith the flowers, Golden Rod, College.'] Water-Lily flowers, a pound, steep them in Agrimony, Bettony, Burnet, Avens, Cinquethree pounds of warm water six or seven foil the greater, red Coleworts, Balaustines, hours, let them boil a little, and strain them red Roses, of each a handful, boil them out, put in the same weight of flowers again gently in six pounds of Plantain Water to the second and third time, when you have t three, then strain it strongly, and when it is strained it the last time, add its weight of settled, add Gum Tragacanth, the seeds of Fleawort, Marsh-mallows and Quinces, sugar to it, and boil it to a Syrup. into a Mussilage by themselves in made Florum Nymplue compositus. Syrupus Syrup of Water-Lily flowers compound. | Strawberry and Bettony Water, of each Take of white Water-Lily three ounces, white sugar two pounds, boil College^] flowers half a pound, Violets two ounces, it to the thickness of honey. It is drying and healing, and Lettice two handfuls, the seeds of Lettice, j Culpeper.'] Purslain, and Gourds, of each half an ounce, therefore good for ruptures. -i

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

303

Syrupus de Prasio. Syrupus infusionis forum Ptfouiae. Or S y ru P of Horehound. Or Syrup of the infusion of Peony flowers. ot white Horehound Take It is prepared in the samej College.'] College.'] fresh two ounces, Liquorice, Pohpodium manner as Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers. of the 8' Fenne1 and , Syrupu de Pccoma con.positus. f ?*fe f each half an ounce, white Maiden-hair, /-% ci f T-> r Gt P P Hyssop, Calaminth, Thyme, I Origanum, r ,!P n yr YJP f the Roots of; of Take CWfeJ both| Sav Scabious, Colt's-foot, of each six sorts of Peony taken up at the full of the seedg ()f Annis and Colto cut in slices, and steeped in white Wine each three Raisins of thcsun stone d drams, j a whole day, of each an ounce and an halt, two in fat boil them ounces, Figs ten, eight Contra Yerva halt an ounce, Slier Mouno f Hydromel till half be consumed, pounds tain six drams. Elk s Claws an ounce, Rose- } boi] the Decoction into a S y rup with honey mary with the flowers on, one handful, nd sugar of each two pounds, and per& Bettony, Hyssop, Origanum Chamepitys, fume it with an ounce of the roots of Or ris Rue, of each three drams, Wood of Aloes, F oren tj ne Cloves, Cardamoms the less, of each two | It is appropriated to the Cvlpe '^ drams, Ginger, Spikenard, of each a dram bfeast and ]un and is a fine cleanser to j Slcechas, Nutmegs, of each two drams and | d and '

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warm

it

distilled

j

water of Peony roots, to four pounds, in Tak e it with a Liquorice stick, which (being strained through Hippocrates Siimpus de quinq. Radicibus. sleeve) put four pounds and an half of | the five opening Roots, Qr while sugar, and boil it to a Syrup. Take of the roots of Smallage, College.! It the falling-sickness, j Fenne tulpeper.] helps p ars i e y, Bruscus Sparagus of and convulsions. two ounces spring Water, six pounds, eacn | ^ o \\ aw ay the third part, and make a Syrup Syrupus de Ponds aderans. Or Syrup of Apples. with the rest according to art, with three of College] Take four pounds of the juice pounds of sugar, adding eight ounces of sweet scented Apples, the juice of Bug- white Wine Vinegar, towards the latter loss, garden and wild, of Violet leaves, end. Rose Water, of each a pound, boil them { It cleanses and opens very CttlpeperJ] and and with six is well, clarify them, together, profitable against obstructions, proj boil it into of pounds pure sugar, aSyruplvokes urine, cleanses the body of flegm, and is safely and profitably given in the according to art. j An ounce at a time It is a. fine cooling Syrup \ beginning of fevers. Culpeper.~\ for such whose stomachs are overpressed an empty stomach is a good dose, | upon with heat, and may safely be given in I Syrupus Raphani. Or Syrup of Radishes, fevers, for it rather loosens than binds Take of garden and wild it breeds good blood, and is profitable inj College.'] hectic fevers, and for such as are troubled Radish roots, of each an ounce, the roots with palpitation of the heart, it quenches! of while Saxifrage, Lovage, Bruscus, thirst admirably in fevers, and stays hie- ! Eringo, Rest-harrow, Parsley, Fennel, of You may take an ounce of it at j each half an ounce, the leaves of Beltony, coughs. a time in the morning, or when you need. Burnet, Pennyroyal, Nettles, Water-cresses,

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

Samphire, Maiden-hair, of each one hand- land Cotton, of each three drains, boil them ful, Winter Cherries, Jujubes, of each ten, jail (the roots being infused in white Wine the seeds of Bazil, Bur, Parsley of Mace- the day before) in a sufficient quantity of donia, Hartwort, Carraway, Carrots, Groin- Wine and Water to eight ounces, strain it, well, the bark of the root of Bay-tree, of \ and adding four ounces of the Juice ot each two drams, Raisins of the sun stoned, Scabious, and ten ounces of sugar, boil it Liquorice, of each six drams, boil them in \to a Syrup, adding to it twenty drops of oil twelve pounds of water to eight, strain it, \ of sulphur. and with four pounds of sugar, and twoi It is a cleansing CulpeperJ] Syrup apof it into make a to the breast and lungs, when honey, pounds Syrup, propriated and perfume it with an ounce of Cinnamon, you perceive them oppressed by flegm, and half an ounce of Nutmegs, crudites, or stoppings, your remedy is to A tedious take now and then a spoonful of this Syrup, medicine for CulpeperJ] long the stone. it is taken also with good success by such alias or Alexandrimim. are Julapium jas itchy, Syrupus Regius, scabby. Or Julep of Alexandria. Sympus de Scolopendno. Boil four pounds of RoseOr Syrup of Hart's-tongue. College."] one of Take of Hart's-tongue three and into white water, pound Sugar College^] j a Julep. Julep of Roses is made with Ihandfuls, Polypodium of the Oak, the Damask Rose water, in the very same \ roots of both sorts of Bugloss, bark of the, manner. roots of Capers and Tamerisk, of each two fine Two in Culpeper."] cooling drinks jounces, Hops, Dodder, Maiden-hair, Bawni, the heat of summer. each two handfuls, boil them in nine 5 of de Rosis siccis. of Spring water to five, and strain ] pounds Syrupus $ Or Syrup of dried Roses. it, and with four pounds of white sugar, Make four of pounds College.] spring make it into a Syrup according to art. water hot, in which infuse a pound of dried It helps the Culpeper.] stoppings of Roses, by some at a time, press them out melancholy, opens obstructions of the liver and with two pounds of sugar, boil it into land spleen, and is profitable against splena Syrup according to art. therefore is a choice remedy I etic evils, and j

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which the vulgar call the or rickets, liver-grown: spoonful in u is a precious remedy for children morning Men that are troubled with that disease. and with the which is known You troubled stomach, stays vomiting. spleen, may take an ounce at a time, before meat, if for { by pain and hardness in their left side, may fluxes ; after meat if for vomiting. take three or four spoonfuls, they shall find ScabioscB. this one receipt worth the price of the whole Syrupus of Or Syrup Scabious. book. \ Take of the roots of ElecamSyrupus de Stcechode. College^] \ and of the of each Oak, pane, Polypodium Syrup of Stoechas j two ounces, Raisins of the sun stoned an ! Take of Stoechas flowers four College.'] ounce, Sebestens twenty, Colt's-foot, Lung- ounces, Rosemary flowers half an ounce, wort, Savory, Calaminth, of each a hand- {Thyme, Calaminth, Origanum, of each an Culpeper."] Syr up of dried Roses, strength-! ens the heart, comforts the spirits, binds the body, helps fluxes, and corrosions, or gnawings of the bowels, it strengthens the ]

for the disease

A

| \

\

\

\

;

and an half, Liquorice, Spanish Tobacco, jounce and an half, Sage, Bcttony, of each of each half an ounce, the seeds of Nettles half an ounce, the seeds of Rue, Peony, and

ful

1

AND ENGLISH

PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

fennel, of each three drams, spring water ten pounds, boil it till half be consumed, and with honey and sugar, of each two

the water of Violet flowers and sugar, like Julep of Roses. I

Culpeper.]

which perfume pounds, j with Cinnamon, Ginger, and Calm as Aromaticus, of each two drams tied up in } a rag. boil

it

It is

cooling and pleasant.

into a Syrup,

*

PURGING SYRUPS.

SyPumts de CicJiorio cum Rhubarbaro. of Succory with Rhubarb. Cornfrey. Take of roots and tops of* Take of whole Barley, the College.] College.] roots of the and of each lesser, Comfrey, greater Smallage, Fennel, and Sparagus, three handfuls, reel Roses, Bettony, Plantain, of each two ounces, Succory, Dandelyon, Syrupiis de Symphyio.

Or Syrup

Or Syrup of

j

Knot

j

Endive, smooth Sow-thistles, of each two of each two handfuls, press the juice out of! handfuls, Lettuce, Liverwort, Fumitory, them all, being green and bruised, boil it, tops of Hops, of each one handful, Maidenj scum it, and strain it, add its weight of hair, white and black, Cetrachs, Liquorice, j sugar to it that it may be made into a Syrup, { winter Cherries, Dodder, of each six drains, to boil these take sixteen pounds of spring according to art. Jiurnet,

grass, Scabious, Colt's foot,

j

The Syrup is excellent for water, strain the liquor, and boil in it six inward wounds and bruises, excoriations, pounds of white sugar, adding towards the vomitings, spittings, or evacuation of blood, end six ounces of Rhubarb, six drams of it unites broken bones, helps ruptures, and Spikenard, bound up in a thin slack rag the menses You cannot err in taking the which crush often in boiling, and so stops Culpeper.]

all

:

of

make

into a

Syrup according to art. body of venemous humours, as boils, carbuncles, and the

it.

it

Culpeper.] It cleanses the

Syrupus Violarum. Or Syrup of Violets.

Take of Violet flowers fresh College^] and picked, a pound, clear water made boiling hot, two pounds, shut them up close

like it

together into a new glazed pot, a whole j day, then press them hard out, and in two j pounds of the liquor dissolve four pounds j and three ounces of white sugar, take away \ the scum, and so make it into a Syrup with- I out boiling. Syrup of the juice of Violets, | is made with its double weight of sugar, like>j the former.

it

prevails against pestilential fevers, strengthens the heart and nutritive virtue, ;

purges by stool and urine, it makes a man nave a good stomach to his meat, and provokes sleep. But by my author's leave, I never accounted purges to be proper physic in pestilential fevers

;

this I believe,

the Syrup cleanses the liver well, and is exceeding good for such as are troubled

with hypocondriac melancholy. The strong may take two ounces at a time, the weak, or you may mix an ounce of it with Culpeper.] This Syrup cools and moistens,!* one, and that very gently, it corrects the sharp- } the Decoction of Senna. ness of choler, and gives ease in hot vices of Syrupiis de Eptthymo. Or acute the breast, it quenches thirst in fevers, Syrup of Epithimum. Take of Epithimum twenty and resist the heat of the disease; it com- j Colifge.] forts hot stomachs exceedingly, cools the \ drams, Mirobalans, Citron, and Indian of I

and resists putrefaction, each fifteen drams, Emblicks, Belloricks, and Polypodium. Liquorice Agrick, Thyme, poison. pestilence, Cylaminlh. of' of is Violets made Bugloss, Stoechas of each six College.] Julep

liver

and

heart,

j

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

300

Dodder, Fumitory, ot each ten Culpever.~\ The Syrup is a cooling purge, drams, red Roses, Annis-seeds and sweet and tends to rectify the distempers of the Fennel seeds of each two drams and an blood, it purges choler and melancholy, and j naif, sweet Prunes ten, Raisins of the sun therefore must needs be effectual both in j stoned four ounces, Tamarinds two ounces yellow and black jaundice, madness, scurf, and an half, after twenty-four hours infusion leprosy, and scabs, it is very gentle. The in ten pints of boil it sdose is from one ounce to water, away spring three, according to six, then take it from the fire and strain; as the An body is in age and drains,

i

j

!

j

it,

it

strength.

and with

inty

pounds of

five

Syrup according

fine

to art.

sugar boil jounce of it in the morning is excellent for children as break out in scabs. | such

put in the Dod- j and Agarick, towards the der, latter end of the Decoction. It purges melan-j choly, and other humours, it strengthens! It is best to

Culpeper.']

Syrupus de Pomis magistralis Or Syrup of Apples magisterial,

Stcechas

^f /-,

T Take of j the Juice and Water

-,

,

] les

^

f f A

'

'

these, as scabs, itch, tetters, ringworms*

'

!f f ^ Crete each three drara E P] of ' &c. man take two ounces leprosy, may , w unces A nck > * hubarb f each at a time, or add one ounce to the Decoc~ half an U " Ce ' er ' Mace ' ca u h our tion of Epithimum. ^ ^ P Syrupus e Floribus Persicorum. flf half a dram ' ] " fuse e Jj?3ft Rhu barb dfr C Or Syrup of Peach-flowers. l " am n in white and Wine by itself, Take of fresh Peach-flowers Colletgc.-] fP^rt A rf two ounces, let a pound, steep them a whole day in three &11 e T i the Sa ffr n exce P ted be ste pounds of warm water, then boil a little and ^ the ^> Waters above mentioned, andfP^ the Strain it out, repeat this infusion five times ext da v P ut the juices, which being in the same liquor, in three pounds of which b lled "J ' Bummed, and strained, then with dissolve two pounds and an half of sugar our ounces of A hlte u ar boil ll mto a and boil it into a Syrup. r ^ g in it Kbeing tied ru Pi the saffron r> i T TI. t r5^y crushing "' J 8 It is a gentle Lulpeper.}j purger of ,. ^ r r.u 01, the infusion of the Rhu^1^1^ and up in a hnen rag, ft be even in fevers tor choler, may given ,j j u , I barb being added at the latter end. ,]_, draw away +the sharp choleric humours. ,, n , fe n ^ Out ofr doubt .,this is a gallant Culpeper.-] de Pomis Syrupas purgans S ru P to ur e choler and melanchol y. .P S , Or Syrup of Apples purging. and l resist madness Colle^ Take of the juice of sweet | ^ Synipus de Rhubarbaro. smelling Apples two pounds, the juice of I Or Syrup of Rhubarb., Borrage and Bugloss of each one pound I

?T ,

A

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'

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f

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,

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i

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.

,

,

i

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!

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and an half, Senna two ounces, Annis seeds Take of the best Rhubarb and College..'] half an ounce, Saffron one dram, let the; Senna of each two ounces and an half, Senna be steeped in the juices twenty-four Violet flowers a handful, Cinnamon one hours, and after a boil or two strain it, dram and an half, Ginger half a dram, and with two pounds of white sugar boil Bettony, Succory and Bugloss Water of it to a Syrup according to art, the saffron each one pound and an half, let them be being tied up in a rag, and often crushed mixed together warm all night, and in the in the boiling. morning strained and boiled into a Syrup, ?

j

j

;

j

|

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED with two pounds of white sugar, adding towards the end four ounces of Syrup of

j

|

provokes the menses, purges the stomach liver, and provokes urine.

and

S

^ Lulpeper.] j

It cleanses choler

choly very gently, and children,

ofd

You may add tion of

people,

therefore

is

and

an ounce of

Epithimum

and melan-

it

fit

;

for

weak

bodies,

to the

Decoc-

Syrupus Rosaceus solutivus cum Helleboro. r> ofr Rosea solutive with Hellebore. Sjrup Co/ rake the bark of all the , ,J balan each fourounces,bruisethem

n *. c

{ i

M

W ^ ,

T

!

or to the Decoction of

f twelve i ln

I

Senna

!

i

i

!

!

j !

:

art.

Ctilpeper.]

It

ft

the

belly,

gently brings out choler and flegm, leaves a binding quality behind it.

j

T

&* bark of black x drams, et the fourth exhale 8tram rt ' *? **"*?*}* a d S1] *"*?*' r ,pJ? f n * " Up ktInt a Sjmp

j

Mel Mororum, vel Diamoroti. Or Honey of Mulberries. College] Take of the juice of Mulberries

Culpeper] They are both used for diseases in the mouth. j Mel Rosatum solulivitm. \ and Blackberries, before they be ripe, \ Or Honey of Roses solutive. Take of the often infusion of gathered before the sun be up, of each a College.'] an a half, Honey two pounds, boil; Damask Roses five pounds, Honey rightly pound :

them

to their

due thickness.

1 clarified four pounds, boil it to (he thickbe ness of Honey. Culpeper] good for sore mouths, as also to cool in-j Culpeper] It is used as a laxative in flammations there. and some use it to cleanse wounds. | clysters,

It is vulgarly

Md Nuceum,

known

to

|

Diacarion et Diannciim. After the same manner is preCollege] Or Honey of Nuts. pared Honey of the infusion of red Roses. Take of the outof the Mel scilliticnm. College] juice ward bark of green Walnuts, gathered in Or Honey of Squils. the dog days two pounds, boil it gently till ; College] Take one Squil full of juice, alias,

:

!

1

|

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

309

and put it in a glass vessel, the; Squills prepared, Birthwort, long, round, close stopped, and covered with a and Turbith, Orris, Costus, climbing, English j skin, set in the sun forty days, to wit, twenty j Polypodium, Lemon pills, of each an before and after the rising of the dog star, ounce, the strings of black Hellebore, j then open the vessel, and take the juice Spurge, Agerick, added at the end of the which lies at the bottom, and preserve it Decoction, of each two drams, the bark of with the best Honey. white Hellebore half an ounce, let all of j Honey of Violets is prepared them being dried and bruised, be College] cut in

bits,

mouth

j

like as

Honey

digested glazed vessel close stopped, 5 in the heat of the sun, or of a furnace, four ! Posca, made of equal parts of Water and

of Roses.

in

Ozymel, simple.

a

glass, or

Take of the best Honey pounds, clear Water and white Wine Vine- Vinegar, eight pounds, Sapa two ounces, gar, of each two pounds, boil them in an three days being expired, boil it little more earthen vessel, taking the scum off with than half away, strain it, pressing it gently, a wooden scummer, till it be come to the land add to the liquor a pound and a half consistence of a Syrup. of Honey Roses, wherein two ounces of College]

j I

j

!

and

Citron pills have been infused, boil it to a vomit. the thickness of Honey, and perfume it preparative against with Cloves, Saffron, Ginger, Galanga, Oxymel compound. Take of the Bark of the Root Mace, of each a dram. College.]

Culpcpcr]

of

It cuts flegm,

it is

a good

Smallage, Parsley, Bruscus, of each two ounces-, the seeds of. Asparagus, Fennel, Smallage, Parsley, Annis, of each; one ounce, steep them all (the roots being; first cleansed and the seeds bruised) in six pounds of clear Water and a pound and a| half of Wine Vinegar, the next day boil it: to the consumption of the third part, boil: the rest being strained, with three pounds: of Honey into a liquid Syrup according to Fennel,

;

Oaymel

Julianizans.

Take of

the Bark of Caper College] roots of Orris, Fennel, Parsley, roots, the Bruscus, Chicory, Sparagus, Cypress, of each half an ounce, the leaves of Harts-

tongue, Schaenanth, Tamarisk, of each half a handful, sweet Fennel seed half an ounce, infuse them in three pounds of Posca, which is something sour, afterwards boil it till half be consumed, strain it, and with Honey and j of each half a pound, boil it art. | sugar clarified, Culpeper] First having bruised the roots ! to the thickness of Honey, in the water till half} and seeds, boil th Culpeper] This medicine is very openmelanit and add the strain be consumed, then ing, very good against Hypocondriac j as can be for Honey, and when it is almost boiled enough, choly, and as fit a medicine *AA tV,r. \7\nawr that disease in children called the Rickets. add the Vinear. Helleboratum. College] Oxymel of Squills simple, is Oxymel of three pounds of clarified Honey made Helleborated. Or

Oxymel Take of Rue, Thyme, Dittany Vinegar of

;

boil them Squills two pounds, according to art. Culpeper] It cuts and divides humours

College] of Crete, Hyssop, Pennyroyal, Horehound, Carduus, the roots of Celtick, Spikenard j without leaves, the inner bark of Elders, of j that are tough and viscous, and therefore each a handful, Mountain Calaminth two helps the stomach and bowels afflicted by and sour belchings. If you pugils, the seeds of Annis, Fennel, Baziljsuch humours, Roman Nettles, Dill, of each two drams, \ take but a spoonful in the morning, an able the roots of Angelica, Marsh-mallows, Aron, 'body will think enough. j

j

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

3JO Oxwncl

weaknesses, or failings thereof, difficulty of breathing, hoarseness, catharrs, &c. The way coughs, it is with a Cardamoms the of Liquorice-stick, or if taking Hyssop, Thyme, Lovage, of each five add an ounce of it to boil them jyou please, you may drams, less, Stoechas, in three pounds of Water to one, strain it the Pectoral Decoction before mentioned, and with two pounds of Honey, Honey of Syrup of Poppies, the lesser composition. a of Take of the heads of white Raisins half Briony five \ pound, juice College.] ounces, Vinegar of Squills a pound and a | Poppies and black, when both of them are half, boil it, and scum it according to art. green, of each six ounces, the seeds of This is good against the fall- Lettice, the flowers of Violets, of each one CulpeperJ] boil them in eight pints of water till ing-sickness, Megrim, Head-ache, Vertigo, ounce, or swimming in the head, and if these be! the virtue is out of the heads; then strain occasioned by the stomach as many times! them, and with four pounds of sugar boil they are, it helps the lungs obstructed by the liquor to a Syrup, humour, and is good for women not well| Syrup of Poppies, the greater composition. Take of the heads of both it the cleansed after labour, College.'] opens passage white and black Poppies, seeds and all, of of the womb. \ each Mesue. Purslain. fifty drams, Maiden-hair, fifteen drains, Syrup of of Purslain Take the seeds of Liquorice, five drams, Jujubes, thirty by College.'] bruised, half a pound, of the juice of number, Lettice seeds, forty drams, of the Grossly kidive, boiled and clarified, two pounds, seeds of Mallows and Quinces, (tied up in Sugar two pounds, Vinegar nine ounces, a thin linen cloth) of each one dram and infuse the seeds in the juice of Endive an half, boil these in eight pints of water twenty-four hours, afterwards boil it half j till five pints be consumed, when you have away with a gentle fire, then strain it, and strained out the three pints remaining, add boil it with the sugar to the consistence ofito them, Penids and white sugar, of each a Syrup, adding the Vinegar towards the! a pound, boil them into a Syrup according Scilliticum compositus.

infirmities,

Or Oxymel of Squills compound. Take of Origanum, dried College.]

as

j

want of voice,

j

$

\

j

5

?

\

j

\

\

\

j

j |

|

|

latter

end of the decoction.

I

to art.

All these former Syrups of It is a pretty cooling Syrup, i CulpeperJ] hot disease incident to the Poppies provoke sleep, but in that, I desire stomach, reins, bladder, matrix, or liver j they may be used with a great deal of cauit thickens flegm, cools the blood, and pro-jtion and wariness: such as these are not vokes sleep. You may take an ounce of it -fit to be given in the beginning of fevers, at a time when you have occasion. nor to such whose bodies are costive, yet to as are troubled with hot, sharp rheums, j such Compound Syrup of Colt's-foot. Renod. six handfuls Take of College.'] green you may safely give them The last is aptwo handfuls of Colt's-tbot, Maiden-hair, propriated to the lungs It prevails against one handful of Hyssop, and two ounces of dry coughs, phthisicks, hot and sharp gnawIt is an Liquorice, boil them in four pints, either of ing rheums, and provokes sleep. rain or spring water till the fourth part be usual fashion for nurses when they have consumed, then strain it, and clarify it, to! heated their milk by exercise or strong liquor which add three pounds of white sugar, then run for Syrup of Poppies to make I would fain have boil it to the perfect consistence of a Syrup, their young ones sleep. left therefore I forbear the The composition is appro- j that fashion off, CulpeperJ] Let nurses keep their own bodies to the lungs, and therefore helps the dose fit

CtdpeperJ] for any

j

;

|

:

j

i

;

j

|

i

5

j

priated

\

:

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. and

temperate,

their

children

will

sleep the sun, or the :

well enough.

safe

311

fire, that it is capable ol from putrefaction. 2. Its

being kept Svrup of Eupatorium (or Maudlin.) Mesue. fuse was first invented for diseases in the Take of the Roots of Smallage, mouth. 3. It is usually made, in respect College.'] Fennel, and Succory, of each two ounces, of body, somewhat thicker than new Honey. Liquorice, Schaenanth, Dodder, Worm- 4. It may be kept about a year, little more wood, Roses, of each six drams, Maiden- or less. j

Rob sive Sapa, simplex. Bedeguar, or instead thereof, the roots of Carduus Mariae, Suchaha or instead Or Simple Rob, or Sapa. thereof the roots of Avens, .the flowers or| Take of Wine newly pressed College.'] roots of Bugloss, Annis seeds, sweet Fennel from white and ripe Grapes, boil it over a seeds, Ageratum, or Maudlin, of each five gentle fire to the thickness of Honey, Whenever you read the drams, Rhubarb, Mastich, of each three! Culpeper.~] Indian or instead of or word leaf, drams, Spikenard, Rob, Sapa throughout the Dispenof each it Roman two drams, isatory, simply quoted in any medicine withspike, put boil them in eight pints of Water till the out any relation of what it should be made, third part be consumed, then strain the this is that you ought to use. Rob de Barberis. Decoction, and with four pounds of sugar, and of Or Rob of Barberries, clarified juice Endive, of! Smallage Take of the juice of Barberries each half a pound, boil it into a Syrup. College.'] hair,

!

j

j

It amends infirmities of the Culpeper.'] liver comingofcold,opensobstructions,helps

j j

strained as

much

as

you

will, boil it

by

it-

halt a

by adding pound of sugar of to to each pound the thickness of juice) self Cor else

the dropsy, and evil slate of the body ; it extenuates gross humours, strengthens the Honey. liver, provokes urine, and is a present sue- \ Culpeper .] It quenches thirst, closes cour for hypocondriac melancholy. You | the mouth of the stomach, thereby staying may take an ounce at a time in the morning, vomiting, and belching, it strengthens j

stomachs weakened by heat, and procures Of any of these Robs you may Augustanus. appetite. Honey a little on the point of a knife when Take Emblick fifty My robalans, jtake College!] bruise them and boil them in three pints of* you need. Rob de Cerasis. water till two be consumed, strain it, and

it

opens but purges not.

j

'

of Emblicks.

1

with the like weight of Honey, boil

a Syrup.

it

into College^]

Or Rob Take

of Cherries. of the juice of red

a fine gentle purger both Cherries somewhat sbwerish, as much as Culpeper.'] of flegm and melancholy it strengthens the you will, and with half their weight in sugai brain and nerves, and senses both internal boil them like the former. See the virtue of Cherries ; and external, helps tremblings of the heart, CulpeperJ] You j and there you have a method to keep them slays vomiting, provokes appetite. time. a a at take [all the year. may spoonful It

is

:

Rob de

Cornis.

Or Rob of

Culpeper.']

a

fruit,

1.

made

Cornels.

the juice of Cornels College."] JUICES. itwo pounds, sugar a pound and an half Rob, or Sapa, is the juice! boil it according to art. Of these Cornel trees -ire thick by the heat either of * Culpeper.']

ROB, OR SAPA of

Take of

"

:

AND

4L

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

312

two sorts, male and female, the fruit of the Betony, only in the last, the sugar and juice male Cornel, or Cornelian Cherry is here to must be equal in weight. Be used. The fruit of male Cornel, binds Sncci/s Gtyoyrrhizce simplex. and therefore good in fluxes, Or Juice of Liquorice simple, exceedingly, and the immoderate flowing of the menses. College] Infuse Liquorice Roots cleansed land Rob Cydoniorum. gently bruised, three days in Spring j 5

j j

$

Water, so much that it may ovei-top the Or Rob of Quinces. the breadlh of three fingers, then boil roots Take of the clarified juice of College.'] little and P ress ll hard out, and boil the a Quinces, boil it till two parts be consumed if j

|

.

j

and with its equal weight into a Rob.

ir

/

jl2n/a ve/

n Ur

in sugar

boil

n T Gelatina Eorundem. *

/

;

n Quinces. '

T

11

Jelly

otf

liquor with a gentle

it;

It is vulgarly

Culpepcr.~] .-.-.-

due thickness.

known etc.

good against coughs, P

colds, c siren gthner ot the lungs. SMCC//S Glmiirrlnzce composites.

\& 5

Take of

the juice of Quinces College] twelve pounds, hoi it half away, and add to the remamder old white Wine five pounds, consume the third part over a gentle fire, taking away the scum (all you ought) let the rest settle, and strain it, and with three pounds of sugar boil it accord-

fire to its

to

be

and a

,

,

Qr Juice of L quorice compound, College^ Take of the water of tender i

clarified

5

O akleaves,of Scabious, of each four pounds,

j

E

|

Ush Liquoric e scraped and bruised two d rees tin th bc boil them b

^

QUt the 1{ then stronglj in a presS) to which add three pounds ot juice jjy SSO p 5 anci c] r y it away in the sun in a J oft

j

-

j

^

ing to art. Cidpcper] Both are good for weak and broad eanhen vessd indisposed stomachs. The virtues are the same with Culpepcr.] Rob of sour Plums is made as ^ former College.] Rob of Quinces, the use of sugar is indifPronorum I

|

\

^^

j

ferent in

them both

Or Juice of Sloes? Take of Collese.]J

Rob same

of English Currants is made in the manner, let the juice be clarified.

Culpeper.] The virtues are the of Barberries.

Rob

ess Out

|

t

he

same with batn Culpeper]

Rob Baccarum Sambuci

:

uice?

Sylvestrum. called Acacia.

Sloes

and make

It stops fluxes,

hardly it

ripe,

thick in a

and procures

appetite.

Or Rob of Elder Berries. So are the Juices of WormCollege] Take of the College.] juice of Elder wood, Maudlin, and Fumitory made thick, Berries, and make it thick with the help of to wit, the herbs bruised while they be j |

a gentle fire, either by itself, or a quarter of tender, and the juice pressed out and after j to its just its weight in sugar being added. jit bc clarified, boil over the fire Culpeper] Both Rob of Elder Berries, | thickness, and Dwarf-Elder, are excellent for such; whose bodies are inclining to dropsies,; neither let -them neglect nor despise it.j LOH OCH, OR ECLEGMATA ihey may take the quantity or a nutmeg each morning, it will gently purge the watery Because this word also is unCidpeper.] humour. derstood but by few, we will first explain In same the what it is. 1. The word Lohoch is an Arais made! manner College] Rob of Dwarf- Elder, Junipers, and Paul's bick word, called in Greek Eclegma, in |

;

;

5

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

3J8

Latin Linctus, and signifies a thing to be troubled with pleurises to take now and then 2. It is in up. respect of body, a little of it. Lohoch e Passulis. something thicker than a Syrup, and not so thick as an electuary. 3. Its use was Or Lohoch of Raisins, j the of the Take of male Peony roots, against windpipe, dis-j roughness College.] eases, and inflammations of the lungs, dif- Liquorice, of each half an ounce, Hyssop,' ficulty of breathing, colds, coughs, &c. i Bawrn, Hart's-tongue, or Cetrach, of each' 4. Its manner of reception is with a Liquo- j half a handful, boil them in Spring Water, rice stick, bruised at the end, to take up and them and press strongly, by adding a' | some and retain it in the mouth, till it melt pound of Raisins bruised, boil it again, of its own accord. pressing it through a linen cloth, then with a pound of white sugar, make it into a Lohoch de Farfara. j

licked

;

!

\

i

;

|

Or Lohoch of Coltsfoot. College.-] Takeof Colts-foot roots


1

j

^

5l

Rose Water, Pine-nuts cleansed,

Gum Ara-

,

'

Gums

much DecocO as f Maiden-hair is sufficient on let the | rest be mixed over a gentle fire, and stirred, that so it may be made into a Lohoch. Cidpeper.-] The medicine is excellent for continual coughs, and difficulty of breathing, it succours such as are asthmatic, for it cuts and atenuates tough humours in the half, dissolve the

Or Lohoch of Poppies. College.'] Take while Poppy seeds twenty four drams, sweet Almonds blanched in

^.^

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I

in so

ti

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bick and Tragacanth, of each ten drams, juice of Liquorice an ounce, Starch three drams, the seeds of Lettuce, Purslain, j Quinces, of each half an ounce, Saffron a | breast. dram, Penids four ounces, Syrup of Mcco- i \

\

nium

three pounds,

according

make

it

into a

Lohoch

to art.

| i

Lohoch de Portulaca.

Or Lohoch of Purslain. Take of the strained Juice o College^]

Purslain two pounds, Troches of Terra distillations upon the lungs, it allays the j Le/nw'atwo drains, Troches ofAmber, Gun,, fury of such sharp humours, which occasion Arabic. Dragon's-blood of each one dram, both roughness of the throat, want of sleep, | Lapis Hematilis, the wool of a Hare toasted, Cidpeper^]

It helps salt,

sharp and thin

5

i

and fevers;

it is

excellent for such as are \ of each

two scruples, white Sugar one

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

314

pound, mix them together, that so you

make a Lohoch of them. The medicine Culpeper.] that

may

so binding better let alone than taken, unless

it is

is

Lohoch

I

\

*

Scilliticum.

Or Lohoch of Squils. College^ Take three drams of a baked

in paste,

Squil Orris Roots two drams,

inward bruises when men spit blood, then Hyssop, Bore-hound, of each one dram. Saffron, Myrrh, of each half a dram, Honey you may safely take a little of it. two ounces and an half, bruise the Squil, Lohoch e Pulmone Vulpis. in

j !

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|

/-v

T

T.

L

f

T
or each two drams, Uia-: ,. Galanga, Ammi, 6 , j. t .. weight in white sugar, dissolved in Rosehalt an ounce, beat it into powder .1 cndmm T j. water, you may make them into Lozenges. to art. ~* taccording c & if

Or

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flowers

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Dtatm-btth with Rhubarb.. lake of lurbith, College^

}

you

please.

Ctilpeper.']

Both

this

and the former

Hermoto the heart, (as pow d er> are appropriated v an Rhubarb of each ten dactils, ounee, do stren gthen the th)e shsw lhefore th drains, Diacrydium half an ounce, Sanders . irit> and rdieve ]an thatj and the vka] red and white, Violets, Ginger, of each a nature A]1 these are cordiai ishin dram and an half, Mastich Anms seeds, se ldom above half a dram of and Powders> Cinnamon, Saffron, of each half a dram, ^ nem given at a time. j

|

{

make

j

into powder. I his also purges Culpeper.] flegm andj choler. Once more let me desire such as| are unskilful in the rules of physic, not to it

A powder for such

as are bruised by a

fa n

The Au;ilstan Physicians. Take of Terra sigillata, SanColleee.l

js Draconis, Mummy of each two drams, meddle with purges of this nature (unless Spermaceti one dram, beat them into a skilful lest Physician) by they prescribed p o w der according to art. do themselves more mischief in half an hour, CulP eper.~] You must beat the rest into than they can remove m half a j ear. powder, and then add the Spermaceti to The lesser cordial Powder. Fernelius. t h c m afterwards, for if you put the Spermathe rest all together and go to beat Unicorn's Take of ceti and j Hart's-horn, CollegeJ] horn, Pearls, Ivory, of each six grains beat j them in that fashion, you may as soon beat them into fine powder. If you mean to | the mortar into powder, as the simples. j

j j

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. Indeed your best way is to beat them and indigestion, gross se-'|sour belchings, verally, and then mix them altogether, which humours and cold afflictions of the stomach oeing done, makes you a gallant medicine and liver. You may take half a dram of the for the infirmities specified in the title, a powder at a time, or two of the electuary dram of it taken in Muskadel and sweating in the morning fasling, or an hour before j

\

j

j

after

it.

j

Nicholaus.

Species Electuarii Dyacymini.

College.]

Take of Cummin

seeds infused

>

meat.

It

helps digestion exceedingly, expels wind, and heats a cold stomach. Species Electuarii Diamargariton Calidi.

\

a natural day in Vinegar, one ounce and \ Avicenna. one scruple, Cinnamon, Cloves, of each two \ Take of Pearls and Pellitory of College.] drams and an half, Galanga, Savory, the Wall, of each one dram, Ginger, Calamirith, of each one dram and two Mastich, of each half an ounce, Doronicum, scruples, Ginger, black Pepper, of each two Zedoary, Smallage seeds, both sorts ot drams and five grains, the seeds of Lovage, Cardamoms, Nutmegs, Mace, of each two and Ammi, (Bishop's-weed,) of each one drams, Been of both sorts, (if they cannot dram and eighteen grains, long Pepper one be procured take the roots of Avens and dram, Spikenard, Nutmegs, Cardamoms, of Tormentil) black and long Pepper of each each two scruples and an half, beat them three drams, beat them into powder and \

j |

and keep them

diligently in pou-der for

your keep them j

use.

for

your

use.

This (quoth Avicenna)

is

apCulpeper] but his reabowels, expels wind exceedingly, helps the, eases incident to their matrix wind cholic, helps digestion hindered by sons I know not. It is cordial and heat> cold or wind, is an admirable remedy for the stomach. It

heats

the

stomach and

\

CulpeperJ] propriated to

women, and

them

in

to dis-

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j

and helps quartan agues. The powder is very hot, half a dram j is enough to take at one time, and too much wind

in

the

bowels,

|

be feverish, you may take it in white Wine. It is in my opinion a fine composed powder. Mes-ue. Species Electuarii Diagalanga. Take of Galanga, wood of College] six drams, Cloves, Mace, j Aloes, of each scedsof Lovage of each two drams, Ginger, long and white Pepper, Cinnamon'. Calamus Aromaticus of each a dram and an half, Calaminth, and Mints dried, Cardamoms the greater, Indian Spikenard, the seeds of Smallage, Annis, Fennel, Caraway, of each

if the patient

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one dram, beat them

Litkontribon Nicholaus, according to Fernelius.

Take of Spikenard, Ginger, Cinnamon, black Pepper, Cardamoms, Cloves, Mace, of each half a dram, Costus, College]

Liquorice, Cypress,Tragacanth,Germander, of each two scruples, the seeds of Bishop's-

weed, (Ammi,) Smallage, Sparagus, Bazil, Nettles, Citrons, Saxifrage, Burnct, Caraway, Carrots, Fennel, Bruscus, Parsley of Macedonia, Burs, Seseli, (or Hartwort,) Asarabacca, of each one dram, Lapis Spongiae, Lyncis, Cancri, Juclaici, of each one dram and an half, Goat's blood prepared an ounce and half, beat them all into

powder according powder according to art. into an elecAlso it to art. Culpeper] It heals the stomach, and of digestion coming through tuary with white sugar dissolved in Malaga helps want Avme, or twelve times the weight of it of cold, it eases pains in the belly and loins, the Illiac passion, powerfully breaks the clarified Honey. an as elecstone in the reins and bladder, it speedily C'ulpeper] Mesue quotes it only and disury. which he saith against wind, helps the cholic, stranguary, into

may be made

i

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tuary,

prevails

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

324

from a dram to half a dram, Saphire, bone of a Stag's heart, of each take it either in white Wine, or decoction of one dram, beat them into powder accord-

The dose

is

j

j

herbs tending to the same purposes. Nicholaus. Pleres Arcontic.on.

>

ing to

art.

The title tells you the virtue Culpeper^] Take of Cinnamon, Cloves, j of it, besides, it cheers the vital spirits, and College.] Galanga,Wood of Aloes, Indian Spikenard, i strengthens the heart. You may take half Nutmegs, Ginger, Spodium, Schcenanthus, j a dram every morning either by itself, or Cypress, Roses, Violets of each one dram, \ mixed with any other convenient composiInclian Leaf or Mace, Liquorice, Mastich, | tion, whether Syrup or Electuary. Diaturbith the greater, without Rhubarb. Styrax Calamitis, Marjoram, Costmary, or j Take of the best Turbith an Water-mints, Bazil. Cardamoms, long and | College.] j

white Pepper, Myrtle berries, and Citron ounce, Diagridium, Ginger, of each half an of each half a dram and six grains, jounce, Cinnamon, Cloves, of each two pills, Pearls, Been white and red, (or, if they be; drams, Galanga, long Pepper, Mace, of each wanting, take the roots of Avens and Tor- one dram, beat them into powder, and with mentil in their stead) red Coral, torrified eight ounces and five drams of white sugar Silk, of each eighteen grains, Musk six dissolved in Succory Water, it may be made grains, Camphire four grains, beat them,| into an electuary. into powdei according to art, and with ten'i Culpeper.] It purges flegm, being rightly I times their weight in sugar dissolved in administered by a skilful hand. fancy it !

j

j

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Bawm

water,

you may make them

into

an

i

A Powder for

electuary. It

is

for

exceedingly good , melancholy, lumpish, pensive, grieving, vexing, pining, sighing, sobbing, fearful, careful spirits, it strengthens weak stomachsexceedingly, and help such as are prone to Vaintings and swoonings, it strengthens such as are weakened by violence of sickness, it Culpeper J]

not.

\ i

j |

j

helps bad memories, quickens all the senses, strengthens the brain and animal spirits, helps the falling-sickness, and succours such as are troubled with asthmas, or other cold afflictions of the lungs. It will keep> best in an electuary, of which you may take a dram in the morning, or more, as age and {

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Take

I

he Worms.

of

Wormseed, four College] one ounce, Coriander seeds ounces, Sena, prepared, Hart's-horn, ol each half a dram, Rhubarb half an ounce, dried Rue, two drams, beat them into powder. I like this powder very well, Culpeper.] the quantity (or to Avrite more scholastically,

the dose) must be regulated according to the age of the patient, even from ten grains to a dram, and the manner of taking it by their palate.

It

is

something purging,

\

strength requires. A Preservative Powder against the Pestilence.

Montagnam. Take of all the Sanders,

\ i

ELECTUARIES Antidotus Analeptica. of red Roses, Liquorice, College.] Take

(white, of each two drams and five grains, Gum and the seeds of Bazil, of each Arabic and Tragacanth, of each two drains red, yellow,) an ounce and an half, Bole Amoniac, Sanders white and red, Cin-jand two scruples, of an each the roots of each four scruples, juice of Liquorice, white namon, ounce, Dittany, Gentian, and Tormentil, of each Starch, the seeds of white Poppies, Purslain, bvo drams and an half, the seeds of Citron Lettuce,and Endive, of each three drams, the and Sorrel, of each two drains, Pearls, four greater cold seeds husked, of Quinces, College.']

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

325

Mallows, Cotton, Violets, Pine-nuts, fistic towards the end, Cinnamon bruised half an Nuts, sweet Almonds, pulp of Sebestens, of ounce, strain it, and with two pounds of each two drams, Cloves, Spodium, Cinna-j white sugar, boil it to the thickness of a mon, of each one dram, Saffron five grains, Syrup, putting in, in powder, Cinnamon, a Penids half an ounce, being beaten, make? dram, Nutmegs, half a scruple, Musk three them all into a soft electuary with three grains, Ambergris, two and thirty grains, times their weight in Syrup of Violets. leaves of Gold, Spirit of Vitriol four jten and and It restores so make it into an consumptions, drops, Culpeper.] electuary hectic fevers, lost strength, it nourishes > according to art. It opens obstruction of the much, and restores radical moisture, opens Culpeper.'] j

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liver and spleen, helps cold rheums or deYou and resists fevers. fluxions from the head to the lungs, or quenches dram in a a at or ounce an it is take excellent in coughs, and teeth, day, by eyes, may other cold afflictions of the a time, if you please. lungs and breast, it helps digestion, expels wind and Confedio Alkermes.

the pores, resists choler, takes

away coughs,

i

thirst,

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j

:

j

Take of

the juice of Apples, the gravel of the kidneys, it provokes the Damask Rose-water, of each a pound and | menses, warms and dries up the moisture oi an half, in which infuse for twenty-four! the womb, which is many times the cause hours, raw Silk four ounces, strain it j of barrenness, and is generally a helper of all diseases coming of cold, raw thin strongly, and add Syrup of the berries of College.']

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Cherms brought over to us, two pounds, humours, you may take half a dram Sugar one pound, boil it to the thickness of time in the morning. Electuarium de Baccia Lauri. Honey; then removing it from the firej Or Electuary of Bay-berries, whilst it is warm, add Ambergris cut small, j

at a

j

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half an ounce, which being well mingled, put in these things following in powder, Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes, of each six

College.]

TakeoftheleavesofdriedRueten

drams, the seeds of Ammi,Cuimnin,Lovage, Origanum, Nigella, Caraway, Carrots, drams, Pearls prepared, two drams, Leaf- Parsley, bitter Almonds, Pepper black and Gold a dram, Musk a scruple, make it up f long, wild Mints, Calamus Aromaticus, Bay-berries, Castorium of each two drams, according to art. Questionless this is a great j Sagapenum half an ounce, Opopanax three Culpeper.'] cordial, and a mighty strengthener of the id rams, clarified Honey a pound and an heart, and vital spirits, a restorer of such as half, the things to be beaten; being beaten, are in consumptions, a resister of pesti-jand the Gums dissolved in Wine, make it lences and poison, a relief to languishing into an electuary according to art. nature, it is given with good success in* CulpeperJ] It is exceeding good either in of at a the much it too not but cholic, or Iliac passion, or any other fevers, give for the too hot a time, lest it prove body, {disease of the bowels coming of cold or and too heavy for the purse. You may wind, it generally eases pains in the bowels, mix ten grains of it with other convenient? You may give a dram in the morning fastcordials to children, twenty or thirty to | ing, or half an ounce in a clyster, according j

:

t

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men.

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Electuarium e Sassaphras. Take of Sassafras two ounces, College.'] common Water three pounds, boil it to the

consumption of the

third

part,

as the disease

is.

Diacftpparit.

College.

Take of Capers

f

our ounces^

Roots, Nigella seeds, Squiis \ Agrimony adding, jAsarabacca, Ccntaury, black Pepper, SnmU.

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

326

age, Thyme of each an ounce, Honey three times their weight, make it into an electuary

according to

therefore stops fluxes, neither do I know a medicine in all the dispensatory for such as have a consumption accompanied better

|

art.

They say it helps infirmities Culpeper."] of the spleen, and indeed the name seems to promise so much, it may be good for cold bodies, if they have strength of nature in them.

with looseness.

Fluor Albus.

It stops the

menses and

Take but a dram

at a time

j

morning, because of its binding quality, except you have a looseness, for then you may take so much two or three Diacirwamomum. times a day. Take of Cinnamon fifteen Diaconim. College^] Cassia Take of the roots of Cicers, drams, Lignea, Elecampane roots, College^] of each half an ounce, Galanga, seven Acorus, or Calamus Aromaticus, Pine-nuts, drams, Cloves, long Pepper, both sorts of of each a pound and a half, let the Cicers !

every

j j

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5

being cleansed, cut, boiled, and pulped, be added to ten pounds of clarified honey, and boiled, (stirring it) to its just to the scruples, adding according prescript thickness, then being removed from the of the Physician, and byacldingtliree pounds fire, add the Acorus roots beaten, the Pineeight ounces of clarified Honey, boil it and! nuts cut, and these following in powder, make it into an electuary according to art. Take of black Pepper an ounce, long Pepper, Diacinnamomum, or in plain Cloves, Ginger, Mace, of each half an Culpeper."] A English, composition of Cinnamon, heats jounce, Nutmegs, Galanga, Cardamons, of the stomach, causes digestion, provokes the leach three drams, mix them with the roots menses, strengthens the stomach and other land Honey into an electuary according toart. The electuary provokes lust, parts that distribute the nourishment of the* Culpeper.'] heats the brain, strengthen? the nerves, body, a dram of it taken in the morning j and cold the for is ancient senses, causes an acute wit, quickens fasting, people good and eases in the head, helps the fallingas to such are bodies, pains dropsies subject diseases of flegm, or wind, for it comforts sickness and convulsions, coughs, catharrs, and strengthens nature much. If you take and all diseases proceeding from coldness it to Half a dram is enough to help digestion, take it an hour before j of the brain. take at one time, because of its heat. meat, do so in all things of like quality. \ Diacorallian. Peony is an herb of the sun, the roots of Take of it cure the falling-sickness. Coral white and red, | College.~\ Bole-amoniac, Dragon's-blood, of each one Diacydonium simple. Take of the flesh of Quinces dram, Pearls half a dram, Wood of Aloes, | College^] red Roses, Gum Tragacanth, Cinnamon, of cut and boiled in fair water to a thickness, each two scruples, Sanders white and red, eight pounds, white sugar six pounds, boil of each one scruple, with four times its to it just thickness, jit dissolved in small in CinnaDiacydonium with Species sugar weight mon Water, make it into an electuary, j College."] Take of the juice of Quinces, according to art. Sugar, of each two pounds, white Wine It comforts and strengthens- Vinegar half a pound, added at the end of Culpeper.] the heart exceedingly, and restores such as 1 the decoction, it being gently boiled, and the are in consumptions, it is cooling, therefore scum taken away, add Ginger two ounces, good in hectic fevers, very binding, and j white Pepper ten drams and two scruoles.

Cardamoms,

Ginger,

Mace,

Nutmegs,

Wood of Aloes, of each three drams, Saffron, one dram, Sugar five drams, Musk two

roots,

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j I

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

327

Antidotum Htemagogum. grossly, and boil it again to the of thickness Take of Lupines husked two Honey. College.'] black drains, Diacydonium compound, Magisterial. Pepper five scruples and six Take of white six College.] pounds, grains, Liquorice tour scruples, long BirthSugar four Water Spring pounds, clarify them wort, Mugwort, Cassia Lignea, Macedonian well with the white of an egg, scumming Parsley seed, Pellitory of Spain, Rue seed, them, then take of ripe Quinces cleansed Spikenard, Myrrh, Pennyroyal, of each two from the rind and seeds, and cut in four scruples and fourteen grains, the seeds of quarters, eight pounds, boil them in the Smallage, Savin, of each two scruples and foregoing Syrup till they be tender, then: thirteen grains, Centaury the greater, Crestrain the Syrup through a linen cloth, tish Carrots, Nigella, Caraway, Annis, boil them again to Cloves, Alum, of each two vocata Anglice, Boulter scruples, Bay a jelly, adding four ounces of white wine leaves one scruple, one half scruple, and Vinegar towards the end ; remove it from; three grains, Schaenanth one scruple and the fire, and whilst it is warm put in these {thirteen grains, Asarabacca, Calamus Arouiafollowing species in powder, Ginger an ticus, Amomum, Centaury the less, the seed ounce, white Pepper, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, of Orrach, Peony, Fennel, of each one of each two drams, keep it for use. scruple and six grains, wood of Aloes, a The virtues of all these three scruple and fourteen grains, Cypress, Culpeper.~] the stomach, help diges- j Elecampane, Ginger, Cappar roots,Cummin, comfort are, they tion, stays vomiting, belchings, &c. stop>0robus, of each one scruple, all of them fluxes and the menses. They are all harm- being beaten into very fine powder, let less, you may take the quantity of a nut-; them be made into an electuary according meg of then) at a time, before meat to help, to art, with four times their weight in sugar, and fluxes, after meat to stay let it stand one month before you use it bruise

them

>

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digestion

vomiting, in the morning for the

rest.

Confectio de Hyadntho. Take of Jacinth, red Coral, College^

\

j

Bole-amoniac, Earth of Lemnos, of each!

Culpeper.] It provokes the menses, brings away both birth and after-birth, the dead child, purges such as are not sufficiently purged after travail, it provokes urine, breaks the stone in the bladder, helps the

half an ounce, the berries of Cherrnes, the I Roots of Tormentil and Dittany, the seeds j stranguary, disury, iskury, &c. helps inof Citrons, Sorrel, and Purslain, Saffron, j digestion, the cholic, opens any stoppings in it heats the stomach, purges the Myrrh, red Roses exungulated, all the sorts j the body, of Sanders, bone of a Stag's heart, Hart's- piver and spleen, consumes wind, stays it not be taken by preghorn, Ivory prepared, of each four scruples, i vomiting-, but let as have the nor such nant raw women, j people Samphire, Emerald, Topaz, Pearls, one drain is from dose The hemorrhoids. leaves of Gold and Silver, of each two Silk,

|

of scruples, Carnphire, Musk, Ambergris, each five grains, with Syrup of Lemons

make

into a confection according to art. It is a great cordial and Culpeper~] cool, exceeding good in acute fevers and it

>

to

two drains, Diasatyrion.

j

j

College.'}

Take of Satyrion

roots three

Indian ounces, Dates, Festick nuts, green Ginger, Nuts, Pine nuts, each one ounce, of roots ved, and it preset jEringo mightily strengthens pestilences, Never above half a Ginger, Cloves, Galanga, Pepper long and cherishes the heart. dram is given at a time, very seldom so] black, of each three drams, Ambergris tone scruple. Musk two scruples, Penins rauc l, I

i

bitter

Almonds,

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

328

four ounces, Cinnamon, Saffron, of each College.] Take of the juice of Liquorice, half an ounce, Malaga Wine three ounces, sweet Almonds, Hazel-Nuts, of each half Nutmegs, Mace, Grains of Paradise, of an ounce, Pine-nuts an ounce, Hysop, each two drains, Ash-tree keys, the belly Maidenhair, Orris, Nettle seeds, round

and loins and Scinks, Borax, Benjamin,, of eachthreedrams,woodofAloes,Cardamoms, of each two drams, the seeds of Nettles and Onions, the roots of Avens, of each a dram and and half, with two pounds and an half of Syrup of green Ginger, make them into an electuary according to art.

:

j

Birthwort, of each a dram and an half, black Pepper, the seeds of Water-cresses, the roots of Elecampane, of each half a dram, Honey fourteen ounces, make them into

j

an electuary according to

art

strengthens the stomach and lungs, and helps the vices thereof. Take j it with a Electuarium Diaspermaton. Liquorice stick. four of and the Theriaca Diatessaron. Take greater College^} of Take of Gentain, Bay-berries, lesser cold seeds, the seeds Asparagus, College.] Winter of round Cheiries, Birthwort, of each twoounces, Brazil, Burnet, Parsley, Myrrh, each two drams, Gromwell, Juice of Liquo- Honey two pounds, make them into an j

Culpeper.]

It

>

j

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i

5

rice, of each three drams, Cinnamon, Mace, | electuaiy according to art. This is a gallant electuary, of each one dram, with eight times their j Culpeper.] in Marshdissolved It in white wonderfully helps cold infirmities of the Sugar weight j

mallows water, make according to art.

it

into

an electuary brain, as convulsions, \

j

falling-sickness, dead As also the palsies, shaking palsies, &c. as stomach, pains there, wind, want of as also stoppings of the liver, digestion,

breaks the stone, and pro- j Men may take half an ounce at a time, and children half so much, in dropsies, it resists the pestilence and poison, j water of any herb or roots, &c. (or decoc- and helps the bitings of venomous beasts, *The dose is from half a drain to two drams, lion of them) that break the stone. to the age and strength of the Micleta. \ according all the of also the strength of the diseases: the barks as Take of patient, College] Myrobalans torrified, of each two drams -you may take it either in the morning, or and an half, the seeds of Water-cresses, when urgent occasion calls for it. Diascordium. Cummin, Annis, Fennel, Ammi, Caraway, Take of Cinnamon, Cassia of each a dram and an half, bruise the: College.'] seeds and sprinkle them with sharp white Lignea, of each half an ounce, Scordium, wine Vinegar, then beat them into powder, an ounce, Dittany of Crete, TormentiJ, and add the Mirobalans, and these things j Bistort, Galbanum, Gum Arabic, of each that follow, Spodium, Balaustines, Sumach, half an ounce, Opium one dram and an Mastich, Gum Arabic, of each one dram; half, Sorrel seeds one dram and a half, Culpeper.'] vokes urine.

It

i

j

j

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j

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J

mix them

and Gentain half an ounce, Bole-amoniac an with ten ounces of Syrup of Myrtles, make ounce and an half, Earth of Lemnos half an ounce, long Pepper, Ginger, of each two them into an electuary according to art. It gently eases the bowels of drams, clarified Honey two pounds and an Culpeper.] the wind cholic, wringing of the bowels, half, Sugar of Roses one pound, Canary infirmities of the spleen, it stops fluxes, the Wine ten ounces, make them into an elec-

and

fifteen grains,

together,

1

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i

hemorrhoids, as also the menses. Electuarium Pectorale. Or a Pectoral Electuary.

|

!

tuary according to

art.

It is a we.l composed elecCulpeper.] tuary, something appropriated io the nature

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. of women, rl) Civ* tic

for

lo r\/\iii

it

the

provokes

Vml no

+ ti^i**

iiii

1

menses, cold infirmities of the brain, and stopping A.I y \




m


dram, Parsley of Macedonia, Fennel, taking filthy medicines, it provokes sweat, Carrots of Crete, of each two scruples and it helps continual waterings of the stomach, five grains, Saffron a scruple and an half, of Spain, uicers in the body, consumptions, weakness | Indian Spikenard, Pellitory of the limbs, rids the body of cold humours, Zedoary fifteen grains, Cinnamon a dram

of

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and diseases coming of

cold,

it

remedies and an |

half,

Euphorbium prepared, Myrrh,

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

330

Castorium, of each a dram with their treble jRhapontic, Stoechas, Horehound, Macedoweight in clarified Honey, make it into an j nian Parsley seed, Calaminth, Cypress, ! electuary. Turpentine, the roots of Cinqu^foyl and Electuarium de Ovo. Ginger, of each six drams, Poley Mountain, Or electuary of Eggs. Celtic Spikenard, Amomus, jChamepitis, Take a Hen's Egg new laid, Styrax Calamitis, the roots of Meum, the College.'] and the white being taken out by a small tops of Germander, the roots of Rhapontic hole, fill up the void place with Saffron, I Earth of Lemnos, Indian Leaf, Chalcitis leaving the yolk in, then the hole being* burnt, or instead thereof Roman Vitriol stopped, roast it in ashes till the shell begin burnt, Gentian roots, Gum Arabic, the juice to look black, take diligent heed the Saffron of Hypositis, Carpobalsamum or Nutmegs, burn not, for then is the whole medicine or Cubebs, the seeds of Annis, Cardamoms, spoiled, then the matter being taken out Fennel, Hartwort, Acacia, or instead theredry, if -so that it may be beaten into powder of the juice of Sloes made thick, the seeds and add to it as much powder of white | of Treacle Mustard, and Ammi, the tops of Mustard seed as it weighs. Then take the | St. John's Wort, Sagapen, of each four roots of white Dittany and Tormentil, of: drams, Castorium, the roots of long Birtheach two drams, Myrrh, Hart's-horn, Peta- wort, Bitumen, Judaicum, Carrot seed, sitis roots, of each one dram, the roots of Opopanax, Centaury the less, Galbanum, of j Angelica and Burnet, Juniper Berries, each two drams, Canary Wine enough to Zedoary, Camphire of each half an ounce, dissolve what is to be dissolved, Honey the mix them all together in a mortar, then add treble weight of the dry species, make them Venice Treacle the weigh of them all, stir into an Electuary according to art. It resists poison, and the them about with a pestle three hours CulpeperJ\ of much of venomous so in beasts, inveterate headbitings Syrup together, putting \

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into an

aches, vertigo, deafness, the falling-sickness, \ astonishment, apoplexies, dulness of sight, electuary according to art. want a of A of it at dram voice, asthmaes, old and new time, given Cttlpeper.'] fever such as in a as a is as coughs, spit or vomit blood, such as great a help pestilential man shall usually read of in a Galenist. j can hardly spit or breathe, coldness of the It provokes sweat, and then you shall be; stomach, wind, the cholic, and illiac passion, taught how to use yourself. If years do j the yellow jaundice, hardness of the spleen, stone in the reins and bladder, difficulty of not permit, give not so much. Theriaca Andromachi. urine, ulcers in the bladder, fevers, dropsies, Treacle. Or Venice leprosies, it provokes the menses, brings

Lemons,

as

is

enough

to

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Take of Troches of Squilsi forth

birth

and

after-birth, helps pains in

forty-eight drams, Troches of Vipers, long the joints, it helps not only the body, but Pepper, Opium of'Thebes, Magma, Hedycroi also the mind, as vain fears, melancholy, dried, of each twenty-four drams, redj&c. and is a good remedy in pestilential Roses exungulated, Orris, Illirick, juice of fevers. You may take half a dram and go and it will do you Liquorice, the seeds of sweet Navew, about your business, Cinnamon, good if you have occasion to go in ill airs, Scordium, Opobalsamum, of twelve each drams, Myrrh, or in pestilent times, if you shall sweat under Agerick, Costus, or Zedoary, Saffron, Cassia Lignea, it, as you/ best way is, if your body be not Indian Spikenard, Schenanth, Pepper white in health, then take one dram, or between and black, Olibanum, Dittany of Crete, one and two, or less than one. according as j

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

331

age and strength is, if you cannot take this and clarified, make it into an electuar, or any other sweating medicine by itself, according to art. mix it with a little Carduus or Dragon's | Culpcper.~\ It is exceeding good against water, or Angelica water, which in my cold diseases of the stomach, liver, or opinion is the best of the three. spleen, corruption of humours and putrefaction of meat in the stomach, ill favoured Theriacca Londimnsis. c lour of the dropsies, cold faults in Or London Treacle. . _ TT ;tne reins and bladder, F provokes urine. Take of Hart s-horn two Take ft dram in the mornin College ] ounces, the seeds or Citrons, Sorrel, reony, | Bazil, of each one ounce, Scordium, Coral|

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drams, the roots of Angelica, PURGING ELECTUARIES. Tormentil, Peony, the leaves of Dittany,! Bay-berries, Juniper-berries, of each half Benedicta Laxatioa. an ounce, the flowers of Rosemary, ManTake of cho ice Turbitl, ten CM golds. Clove GiUiflowers, the tops of Saint Jd Diacridium, bark of Spurge Roots John s Wort Nutmegs Saffron, of each prepared Hermodactils, Red Roses, of each threedrams, the Roots of Gentian, Zedoary, g v dram Spikenard, Ginger, Ginger, Mace, Myrrh, the leaves of Scab!- Saffronj , p Amornus, or for want ous, Devil s-bit, Carduus, of each two drams, of it Calamus Aromalicus, Cardamoms the Cloves, Opium, of each a dram, Malaga ]ess? the seeds of Smal Pars1 Fcnne Wine as much as is sufficient with their AsparaguSj Bruscus, Saxifrage, Groinwell. treble weight in Honey, mix them accordsal. gem. Galanga, Mace, of each j Caraway, ing to art. a dram, w ; tn their treble weight of clarified ft Culpeper.] The receipt is a pretty cor- [ Ho make them into an c ec tuary * dial, resists the pestilence, and is a good Also you may k lh p according to art liana, of each six

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antidote in pestilential times, it resists poiie itsdf in sh son, strengthens cold stomachs, helps digesIt Culpeper. purges flegm, chiefly from tion, crudities of the stomach man| the oints> also it the reins and may safely take two drams ot it in a bladder j

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let

him

fear

no harm.

Caryocostinum. Take of Cloves, Costus, or College^ j Take of Saffron, AsarabaccaJZedoary, Ginger, Cummin, of each two College^] loots, the seeds of Parsley, Carrots, Annis, i drams, Hermodactils, Diacridium, of each Smallage, of each half an ounce, Rhubarb, j half an ounce: Avith their double weight of the roots of Meum, Indian Spikenard, of* Honey clarified in white wine, make them each six drams, Cassia Lignea, Costus, into an electuary according to art.

Diacrocmna.

i

Authors say it purges hot Myrrh, Schenanth, Cubebs, Madder roots, Culpeper!] the juices of Maudlin, and Wormwood; rheums, and takes away inflammations in made thick, Opobalsamum, or oil of Nut- 1 wounds, I assure you the electuary works megs, of each two drams, Cinnamon, j violently,and may safely be 2;iven in clysters, Calamus Aromaticus, of each a dram and land so you may give two or three drams at an half, Scordium, Cetrach, juice of Liquo- 1 a time, if the patient be strong. For taken rice, of each two drams and an half, Traga- otherwise it would kill a horse o?/m privilegeCassia Extractapro Clysf.eribm. canth a dram, with eight times their weight* Or Cassia extracted for Clysters. in white sugar, dissolved in Endive water, \ 4 o i

,

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

332

Take of

the leaves of Violets, not have the unskilful too busy about Mallows, Beets, Mercury, Pellitory of the j purges without advice of a physician. Diacassia with Manna. Wall, Violet flowers, of each a handful, j College.']

j

in a sufficient quantity of water, the benefit of which let the Cassia be exboil

them

j

College^]

Take of Damask Prunes two

ounces, Violet flowers a handful and an washed then take the canes and half, Spring Water a pound an an half, boil tracted, of this Cassia so drawn, and boil it to its lit according to art till half be consumed, consistence, a pound, Sugar a pound and a strain it, and dissolve in the decoction six half, boil them to the form of an electuary ounces of Cassia newly drawn, sugar of 1

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according to

art.

Culpeper.~\

Wine,

it is

You may

good

body be hard not work at

lake

it

in

of Violets, of each four ['Violets, Syrup white ounces, Pulp of Tamarinds an ounce, Sugar j

for gentle bodies, for if your work upon, perhaps it will

to

Candy an ounce and an half, Manna two jounces, mix them, and make them into an

?

purges the reins gallantly, electuary according to art. It is a fine cool and cools them, thereby preventing the; Culpeper.~] purge for diseases caused their as are other such bound in the and for it works by stone, body, and without heat. trouble, it purges choler, gently, and may safely be given in fevers coming of Electuarium Amarum Magistrate majus'. choler but in such cases, if the body be Or the greater bitter Electuary. of much Take bound, the best way is first to Agarick, Turbith, \ College.'] of each administer a clyster, and then the next Species Hiera Simplex, Rhubarb, one dram, choice Aloes unwashed two morning an ounce of this will cool the body, drams, Ginger, Crystal of Tartar, of each; and keep it in due temper, Cassia extracta sine soliis Sence. two scruples, On is, Florentine, sweet* Fennel seeds, of each a scruple, Syrup of j Or Cassia extracted without the leaves of all

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Roses solutive as much as is sufficient to make it into an electuary according to art.

Amarum

Sena, |

College.']

Take twelve Prunes,

Violet

French Barley, the seed and lesser bitter of bastard the Or Annis, Saffron, Polypodium Electuary. of half an the of Take of each five drams, Maiden Oak, Epithimum College.'] roots of three the drams, hair, Thyme, Epithimum, of each half a ounce, Angelica of each two handful, Raisins of the Sun stoned half an of Gentian, Zedoary, Acorus, drams, Cinnamon one dram and an half, jounce, sweet Fennel seeds two drams, the Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, Saffron, of each seeds of Purslain, and Mallows, of each one dram, Aloes six ounces, with Syrup of! three drams, Liquorice half an ounce, boil Fumitory, Scabious and Sugar so much as them in a sufficient quantity of water, strain is sufficient to make it into a soft electuary. them and dissolve in the decoction, pulp of Both these purge choler, the Cassia two pounds, of Tamarinds an ounce, Culpeper.] former ftegm, and this melancholy, the Cinnamon three drams, Sugar a pound, former works strongest, and this strengthens boil it into the form of an electuary, Cassia extrada cum soliis Sena. most, and is good for such whose brains are; annoyed. You may take half an ounce of Or Cassia extracted with the leaves of Sena. Electuarium

minus.

a handful, [flowers $

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Take of the former receipt the former, if your body be any thing: College.'] an if two in white Wine, very strong pounds, Sena in powder two ounces, strong, an \ mix them according to art. ounce, a reasonable body may take ounce of the latter, the weak less. I would j Culpeper.'] This is also a fine cool gentle |

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. an< purge, cleansing the bowels of choler and \ aforesaid pulp, the pulp of Cassia, and without fit of each one then mi: mix melancholy Tamarinds, any griping, very ounce, for feverish bodies, and yet the former is with it these powders following Sanders They both cleanse and white and red, Spodium, Rhubarb, of each gentler than this. cool the reins ; a reasonable body may take three drams, red Roses, Violets, the seeds j an ounce and an half of the former, and an of Purslain, Succory, Barberries, Gum ounce of the latter in white Wine, if they Tragacanth, Liquorice, Cinnamon, of each keep the house, or their bodies be oppressed two drams, the four greater cold seeds, of with melancholy, let them take half the j each one dram, make it into an electuary quantity in four ounces of decoction of { according to art. I

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Epithimum.

Culpeper.']

Diacarthamum. I ,

College.']

Take of

Diatragacanthum

|

It

may

safely,

and

is

success, given in acute, burning, all other fevers, for it cools much,

good

with

and and

half an ounce, pulp of preserved loosens the body gently: it is good in agues, an ounce, the inside of the seeds of hectic fevers, and Mirasmos. You mav Quinces Saffron half an ounce, Ginger two take an ounce of it at a time, at night when Bastard drams, Diacrydium beaten by itself three \ you go to bed, three hours after a light drams, Turbith six drams, Manna two supper, neither need you keep your chamounces, Honey of Roses solutive, Sugar ber next day, unless the weather be very Candy, of each an ounce, Hermodactils half cold, or your body very tender. an ounce, Sugar ten ounces and an half, Diaprunum solutive. Take of Diaprunum Lenitive make of them a liquid electuary according College.] frigiduin,

j 5

i

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College.']

warm, four pounds, Scammony two ounce and five drams, mix prepared them into an electuary according to art. whilst

to art.

Diaphcenicon. the pulp

Take of

:

of Dates

|

it

is

boiled in Hydromel, Penids, of each half ; Seeing the dose of Scammony is increased a pound, sweet Almonds blanched, three according to the author in this medicine, ounces and an half, to all of them being : you may use a less weight of Scammony if

bruised and mixed, add clarified

Honey you ;

please,

Catholicon. two pounds, boil them a little, and then j Take of the pulp of Cassia strew in Ginger, long Pepper, Mace, CinCollege^] the leaves of Sena, of each seeds and and of Fennel Tamarinds, namon, Rue leaves, the Carrots, of each two drams, Turbith four \ two ounces, Polypodium, Violets, Rhubarb, ounces, Diacridium an ounce and an half, of each one ounce, Annis seeds, Penids, make of them an electuary according to Sugar Candy, Liquorice, the seeds of art. Gourds, Citruls, Cucumbers, Melons, of I cannot believe this is so \ each two drams, the things to be bruised Culpeper.] as being bruised, take of fresh Polypodium profitable in fevers taken downwards j three ounces, sweet Fennel seeds six drams, authors say, for it is a very violent purge. boil them in four pounds of water till the Diaprunum Lenitive. Take one hundred Damask j third part be consumed, strain it, and with College.] to Prunes, boil them in water tilt they be soft, two pounds of sugar, boil the decoction with the then a of were thickness ; the and in the then pulp them, Syrup liquor they boiled in, boil gently one of Violet flowers, pulps and powder make it into an elecstrain it, and with two pounds of sugar boil | tuary according to art. It is a fine cooling purge for it to a Culpeper.'] Syrup, then add half a pound of the \

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$

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

334

any part of the body, and very

gentle, it too much; you may take it in white wine, or half an ounce and keep yourself warm. If you would be ounce, (an given may at a time, according to the strength of the have my opinion of it, I do not like it. Confectio Hamech. patient) in acute, or peracute diseases, for it and loosens the adds belly, strength, gently College] Take of the bark of Citron, of infirmities the liver and two ounces, Myrobalans, it spleen, {Myrobalans helps gouts of all sorts, quotidian, tertian, andjChebs and blacks, Violets, Colocynthis, quartan agues, as also head-aches. It is| Polypodium of the Oak, of each one ounce If you like to and an half, Wormwood, Thyme, of each usually given in clysters. take an onnce at half an ounce, the seeds of Annis, and take it inwardly, you may in the morning drink Fennel, the flowers of red Roses of each night going to bed j a draught of hot posset drink and go about* three drams, let all of them being bruised, be infused one day in six pounds of Whey, your business. then boiled till half be consumed, rubbed Electitarium de Citro Solutivum. { with your hands and pressed out to the Or Electuary of Citrons, solutive. | Take of Citron decoction add juice of Fumitory, pulp of pills preserved, College.] conserves of the flowers of Violets and Prunes, and Raisins of the Sun, of each Bugloss, Diatragacanthum frigidum, Dia-j half a pound, white Sugar, clarified Honey, crydium, of each half an ounce, Turbith^of each one pound, boil it to the thickness five drams, Ginger half a dram, Sena six of Honey, strewing in towards the end. drarns, sweet Fennel seeds ane dram, white Agarick trochiscated, Sena of each two sugar dissolved in Rose-water, and boiled ounces, Rhubarb one ounce and an half according to art, ten ounces, make a solid Epkhimum one ounce, Diacrydium six Cinnamon half an ounce, Ginger j drams, electuary according to art. two the seeds of Fumitory and are some Here drams, things very Culpeper] both cordial, others purge violently, putj Annis, Spikenard, of each one dram, make together, make a composition no way pleas-; it into an electuary according to art. The receipt is chiefly approing to me; therefore I acconutit a pretty Culpe.pfr] as a ;priated receipt, good for nothing. purge for melancholy and salt Electuarittm Elescoph. ;rtegm, and diseases thence arising, as scabs, Take of Diacrydium, Turbith, itch, leprosies, cancers, infirmities of the College.] six of each drams, Cloves, Cinnamon, Gin- skin, it purges adust humours, and is good 5

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ger, Myrobalans, Emblicks, Nutmegs, against madness, melancholy, forgetfulness, Polypodium, of each two drams and an | vertigo. It purges very violently, and is I would advise the half, Sugar six ounces, clarified Honey ten not safe given alone. ounces, make it into an electuary according; unskilful not to meddle with it inwardly: to art. You may give half an ounce of it in clys;

j

j

purges choler and flegm, | ters, in melancholy diseases, which comand wind from all parts of the body, helps 1 monly have astringency a constant coinpains of the joints and sides, the cholic, it'panion with them, Electiiarium Lenitivum. cleanses the reins and bladder, yet I advised Or Lenitive Electuary. you not to take too much of it at a time, for let half an Take of Raisins of the Sun it works ounces pretty violently, College] be the most, for such whose bodies are stoned, Polypodium of the Oak, Sena, of strong, always remembering that you had jeach two ounces, Mercury one handful and better ten times take too little, than once an half, Jujubes, Sebestens, of each twenty, Culpeper.]

It

5

i

AND ENGLISH

PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

335

Maidenhair, Violets, French Barley, of each ] in powder, and so make it into an electuary one handful, Damask Prunes stoned, according to art. Tamarinds of each six drams, Liquorice It purges choler, and is Culpeper.~] good half an ounce, boil them in ten pounds ofjin tertian agues, and diseases of the joints, water till two parts of the three be con- it purges violently, therefore let it be warily sumed strain it, and dissolve in the decoc- given. Hiera Picra simple. tion, pulp of Cassia, Tamarinds, and fresh Take of Cinnamon, XylobalPrunes, Sugar of Violets, of each six ounces, College.'] two last add at or wood of Aloes, the roots of powder ofjsamum, Sugar pounds, Sena leaves, one ounce and an half, Annis Asarabacca, Spikenard, Mastich, Saffron, seeds in powder, two drams to each pound ot each six drams, Aloes not washed twelve of electuary, and so bring it into the form ounces and an half, clarified Honey four of an electuary according to art. pounds and three ounces, mix them into an It and molifies Also you may gently opens electuary according to art. Culptper.~] the bowels, brings forth choler, flegm, and keep the species by itself in your shops, It is an excellent remedy for melancnoly, and that without trouble, it is Culpeper.~] cooling, and therefore is profitable in pleu- vicious juices which lie furring the tunicle A man of of the stomach, and such idle fancies and risies, and for wounded people reasonable strength may take an ounce symptoms which the brain suffers thereby, of it going to bed, which will work next whereby some think they see, others that morning. 'hey hear strange things, especially when are in bed, and between sleeping and Electtiariiim Passulatum. jthey Take of fresh Poly podium P' akin g besides this, it very gently purges College] roots three ounces, fresh Marsh-mallow the belly, and helps such women as are not sufficientlv P^ged after their travail, roots, Sena, of each two ounces, AnmYj h A * seeds two drams, steep them in a glazed j [ Take of species Hiera, simple vessel, in a sufficient quantity of springCollege.^ without Aloes, Agarick trochiscated, of water, boil them according to art; strain it each half an oun e Aloes not washed one and with pulp of Raisins of the Sun half a ounce clari "ed Honey six ounces, mix it, pound, white Sugar, Manna, of each four! and make !t mto an Actuary according to ounces, boil it to the thickness of a Cydoniate, and renew it four times a year. {

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Look but to the virtues of Culpeper.] purges both choler | 4 and melancholy, cleanses the reins and Agarick and add them to the virtues of the former recei so 1S * he business done withbladder, and therefore is good for the stone j P> trouble. out an further y and gravel in the kidneys! Hiera Loqadn. Eleduanum e succo Rosarum. Take of Coloquintida, PolyCollege.'] Or Electuary of the Juice of Roses. two drams, Euphorbium, of each podium, of the Take of Sugar, juice Poley mountain, the seeds of Spurge, of College.] red Roses clarified, of each a pound and each one dram and an half, and six grains, four ounces, the three sorts of Sanders of \ Wormwood, Myrrh, of each one dram and each six drams, Spodium three drams, twelve grains, Centaury the less, Agarick, Diacydonium twelve drams, Camphire a j Gum Ammoniacum, Indian leaf or Mace, scruple, let the juice be boiled with the Spikenard, Squills prepared, Diacrydiuin sugar to its just thickness, then add the rest of each one dram, Aloes, Thyme IlernianCulpeper.-]

It gentlv

|

! ;


Pilula de Cynoglosso. be drawn off, digest it, and evaporate itj Or Pills of Hound's-tongue. four times over, and keep the mass. It is a gallant gentle purger of j Take of the Roots of Hound's College.'] Culpeper.'] choler, frees the stomach from superfluous tongue dried, white Henbane seed, Opium humours, opens stoppings, and other infir- j prepared, of each half an ounce, Myrrh mities of the body proceeding from choler six drams, Olibanum five drams, Saffron, i

j

yellow jaundice, &c. and Castoreum, Styrax, Calamitis, of each one the body exceedingly. Take a dram and an half, with Syrup of Stoechas., strengthens scruple, or half a dram at night going to make it into a mass. It stays hot rheums that fall bed, you may walk abroad, for it will hardly Culpeper.~] down in the the afternoon. work till next day upon lungs, therefore is good in

and flegm,

as

j

j

j !

\

Pilules Aureee. j

College^]

Take of

Aloes,

Diacrydium,

j

phthisics, also it mitigates pain, a scruple is enough to take at a time going to bed, and

drams, red Roses, Smallagejtoo much if your body be weak have a seeds, of each two drams and an half, the care of opiates for fear they make you sleep seeds of Annis and Fennel, of each one your last, Pilulce ex Duobits. dram and an half, Mastich, Saffron, Troch, Or Pills of two things, Alhandal, of each one dram, with a sufficient of each

five

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quantity of Honey Roses, make it into a? mass according to art. They are held to purge the Culpeper.~\ to head, quicken the senses, especially the wind from the bowels, sight, and to expel but works something harshly. Haifa dram is the utmost dose, keep the fire, take them in the morning, and sleep after them, they? will work before noon. i

\

\

Colocynthis, and Scamony, of each one ounce, oil of Cloves

Take

College.']

as

much

as

is

it

sufficient to

malax them

well,

Syrup of purging Thorn, into a mass,

then with a

make

of

little

Pilules de Eupatorio.

i

Or

j

College.']

and

of Eupatorium. Take of the juice of Maudlin, Pills

Wormwood made

thick, Citron,

Myro-

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

341

Rhubarb three j dram and an half, with the Syrup of the one Mastich half, dram, Aloes juice of Coleworts made with honey, make it five drams, Saffron half a dram, Syrup of* into a mass according to art. the juice of Endive, as much as is sufficient! They are good against the Culpeper.~\ to make it into a mass. and other cold afflictions of the joints gout, These are moderate by half than is a more It gallant gentle purge, Culpeper.'] such bodies as Pilulte Foetidee, and appropriated to the and strengthening, fitted for balans, of each three drams,

drams and an

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are

much weakned by

The author appropriates

j

disease of choler. it

to such as

same

j

have

diseases. Pilul
' Very pretty troches and Liilpcpcr.i Irocfusci de Lucca. Mesue. good for lit.tle Take of Gum Lacca Trochisci Akxiterii. Renodseus. College.'] cleansed, the J uice of of Take the roots of Liquorice, Maudlin, WormGentian, College.'] wood and Barberries, all made Torrnentil, Orris Florentine, Zedoary, '

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nubar b. long Birthwort, each two drams. Cinnamon, Clove^ Mace, Costus, Asara^acca bitter of each halt a dram, Angelica roots three Almonds, Madder, Annis, j m drams, Coriander seeds prepared, Roses, o fP allage, Schaenanth, of each one dram, each one dram, dried Citron pills twodrams, Wlth the decoction of Birthwort, Schffinanth, beat them all into powder, and with juice of or the juice of Maudlin, or Wormwood, j

>

j

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Liquorice softened

make

tliem into troches

according to art. which you may C/tlpcpcr.'] helps stoppings of the %er and s lt>en an d fevers thence form into either troches or small rolls, which P coming, it wind, expels and resists urine, purges by you please. " r P slcs It and

make them

in

Hippocras, six ounces,

j

It

into soft paste,

j

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i

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preserves strengthens | Pastitti Adronis. Galen, the heart exceedingly, helps faintings andj Take of Pomegranate flowers College^] failings of the. vital spirits, resists poison! and the pestilence, and is an excellent- ten drains, Copperas twelve drams, unripe medicine for such to carry about them whose? Galls, Birthwort, Frankincense, of each an bccasions arc to travel in pestilential places ounce, Alum, Myrrh, ->f each half an ounce, j and corrupt air, only taking a very small! Misy two drams, with eighteen ounces of austere Wine, make it into troches accordquantity now and then. j to art. Mesue. Troches of Annis seed. | ing Take of Annis seeds, the juice j Culpepcr.~] This also is appropriated to College.'] Culpeper."]

of

seeds Dill, Spikenard, Maslich, Indian leaf or Mace, the leaves of Wormwood, Asarabacca,Smallage, bitter Almonds, of each half a dram, Aloes two drams, juice

of

Wormwood

so

much

as

is

j ;

it

Trochisci Musts.

sufficient to

into troches according to art.

ears

j ;

j

make

ulcers, and fistulas, it clears the an(^ represses all excressences of flesh, cleanses the filth of the bones,

made thick, of each two drams, iwounds,

of Maudlin the

College."]

Take of Alum,

Myrrh, of each

six

Galen, Aloes, Copperas,

drains,

Crocomagma.

Saffron, of each three drains, Pomegranate of flowers half an ounce, Wine and ol j

obstructions the liver, and that very gently, and therefore { each so much as is sufficient to diseases coming thereof, help quartan agues. | into troches according to art. 4 x Culpeper.~]

They open

;

Honey,

make

it

up

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

352 Cidpeper.']

Their use

is

same with the much

the

as

sufficient to

is

make

j

former.

it

into troches

accord ing to art.

;

They help pains in the Cidpeper.'] Crocomagma of Damocrates. Galen. and indigestion, the illiac passion, Take of Saffron an hundred stomach, College.-] fevers Bud diwmes, in the beginning, hectic drams, red Roses, Myrrh, of each fifty drams, and cause a good colour white Starch, Gum, of each thirty drams,S Galen. Trochisci Diacorattion. Wine, so much as is sufficient to make it| Take of Bole-ammoniac, red College.] into troches \ Coral, of each an ounce Balaustines, Terra Culpcper.i It is very expulsive, heats and Lemma, white Starch, of each half an ounce, strengthens the heart and stomach. , m , r> , TV Hypocistis, the seeds of Henbane, Upium, Trochua Rannch. Mesue. twQ dramSj juice of P]antain so uch of of lake the Sorrel College.] juice as is su ffi c e nt to make them into troches * sixteen ounces, red Rose Leaves, an ounce, according to art. Myrtle Berries two ounces, boil them a little j These also stop blood, help Citlpeper.'] and strain add to the decocthem, together, the b]oody fluXj stop the men ses, and are tion, Galls well beaten, three ounces, boil a areat h ^ p to such whose stoma chs loath them again a little, then put in these follow- th ir vi^afe. I f j ancy them not. of in take red fine powder Galen. ing things, Trochisci Diaspermaton. Roses an ounce, yellow Sanders, ten drams, of the seeds of Take Smallage, Gum Arabic an ounce and an half, Sumach, andCollege.] weed, of each an ounce, Annis Bishop's an of each berries ounce, Myrtle an Spodmm, and Fennel seeds> of each half ouncC) four ounces, Wood of Aloes, Cloves, Mace, o u of two each Cassia drams, Lignea, p m, Nutmegs, of each half an ounce, sour Grapes | with rain water? make it into trO( h es accordseven drams^mix them all together, and let^ no to art them dry upon a stone, and grind them Culpeper] These also bind, ease pain, I

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.

.

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^^

^

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.

j

them into ne again into powder, ann make jp small troches with one dram of Camphire, :

and so much Rose Water as .is sufficient, and perfume them with fifteen grains of

t | le

j

pleurisy,

Hasmoptrid

Pastilli.

Galen,

Take of white Starch, BalausEarth of Sarnos, juice of Hypocystis, j us ^Gum, Saffron, Opium, of each two drams, the siomach, Culpeper.] They strengthen with j uice of p] ant ain, make them into heart, and liver, as also the bowels, they trocne s according to art. also as and fluxes the of cholic, blood, The operation of this is like help Cidpeper:] if you snuff up lhe{ the nose at bleeding t ie former Troches of Agarick. powder of them, disburden the body of j You may | salt, fretting, choleric humours. Take of choice Agarick three College.'] and take them at / them about two you, carry ounces gal. Gem. six drams,

^

j

College]

t i neSj

!

j | |

j

.

Ginger h dramSj Oxymel simplex, so much as p s sufficient, make it into troches according ;

your pleasure.

j

Mesue. Roses half an to Aloes two of Wood drams, Mastich, ounce, a dram and an half, Roman Wormwood, Cinnamon, Indian Spikenard, Cassia Lignea, \ Schrenanth, of each one dram, old Wine, j and decoction of the five opening roots, so| Troches of Roses. Take of red College J]

w

i

5

;

art.

it

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

So is Oil of Been, and Oil of Mace dra\vn. {megs, Oleum Caryinum. Is College.'] prepared of Walnut Kernels, in like manner, save only that in the making of this sometimes is required dried, old, and i

T T

353

q

SIMPLE OILS BY EXPRESSION.

I

Oil of Sweet Almonds. College] Take of Sweet Almonds not! as many as you will, cast the corrupted, shells away, and blanch them, beat them in a stone mortar, beat them in a double vessel, and press out the oil without heat. j

j

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College.']

rank Nuts.

Oleum Chrysomelinum, College.] Is prepared in the same manner of Apricots, so is also Oils of the Kernels of Cherry stones, Peaches, Pine-nuts, Fistic Nuts, Prunes, the seeds of Oranges, Hemp, Bastard Saffron, Citrons, Cucumbers,

Culpeper] roughness and sore- Gourds, Citruls, Dwarf Elder, Henbane, ness of the throat and stomach, helps Lettuce, Flax, Melons, Poppy, Parsley, pleurisies, encreases seed, eases coughs and Radishes, Rape, Ricinum, Sesani, Mushectic fevers, by injection it helps such tard seed, and Grape stones, whose water scalds them ulcers in the Because most of these Oils Culpeper'] and matrix. You may -are out of use, I took not the pains to quote bladder, reins, cither take half an ounce of it by itself, or the virtues of them; if any wish to make mix it with half an ounce of Syrup of Violets, them, let them look to the simples, and there and so take a spoonful at a time, still shak- they have them if the simples be not to be found in this book, there are other plentiful ing them together when you take them It helps

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only take notice of this, if you take it in- medicines conducing to the cure of all usual wardly, let it be new draAvn, for it will be diseases ; which aresour in three or four days. Oil of Bays. Oil of bitter Almonds. College] Take of Bay-berries, fresh and \ 1

It is made like Oil of sweet] ripe, so many as you please, bruise them that but need then boil them in a sufficient blanch not you Almonds, j sufficiently, them, nor have such a care of heat in press- quantity of water till the Oil swim at top, -which separate from the water, and keep ing out the oil. It such {for your use. opens stoppings, helps Culpeper] as are deaf, being dropped into their ears, Culpeper] It helps the cholic, and is a in any it helps the hardness of the nerves, and takes sovereign remedy for any diseases away spots in the face. It is seldom or part of the body coming either of wind or

College]

1

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never taken inwardly.

jcold.

Common Oil of Olives, is College] It is made of the Kernels, { pressed out of ripe olives, not out of the College.] cleansed, bruised, and beat, and pressed like \ stones. Oil of Olives omphacine, is pressed ! out of Oil of sweet Almonds. unripe olives. Oil of Yolks of Eggs. You must put them in a! Culpeper] till vessel (viz. a glass, or some such thing) and i they be hard, College] Boil the yolks them with your hand or wilh a stop them close that the water come not to land bruise beat them in an earthen mortar and into the them bath. when ; them Oil of

The

oil is

Hazel Nuts.

you put good for cold

\

afflictions

nerves, the gout in the joints, &c.

pestle

they begin to froth, that they burn not, stirring them diligently

of the vessel glazed i

\

until

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

3,54

being hot, put them in a linen bag, and away, cut, bruised, and the vessel covered sprinkle them with Aromatic Wine, and with a thin linen cloth, set in the sun, pressed out, and three times repeated. press out the oil according to art. is profitable in fistulas, It Oil of Wall-flowers, as oil of Dill, Culpeper.~] and malignant ulcers, it causes the hair to Oil of Quinces: Of six parts of or {

j

clears the skin, and takes away degrow, formities thereof, viz. tetters, ringworms, morphew, scabs. it

j

SIMPLE OILS BY INFUSION AND DECOCTION.

Omphacine, the meat and juice of Quinces one part, set them in the sun fifteen days in a glass, and afterwards boil them four hours in a double vessel, press them out, and renew them three times. Oil of Elecampane Of ripe oil, and the roots of Elecampane bruised, and their juice, of each one part, and of generous Wine half a part, which is to be evaporated :

!

Oil of Rosej omphacine. $ Take of red Roses before they j away. College.'] Oil of Euphorbium: Of six drams of be ripe, bruised in a stone mortar, fourj ounces, oil Omphacine one pound, set them \ Euphorbium, Oil of Wall-flowers, and sweet in a hot sun, in a glassclose stopped, a whole j Wine, of each five ounces, boiling it in a them every day, then boil j double vessel till the Wine be consumed, week,

shaking

in a bath, press them out, and in others, use them in like manner, do put so a third time : then keep the Oil upon a

them gently

pound

of juice of Roses. Oil cf Hoses complete,

Oil of Ants

\ !

!

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Of winged Ants

four times their weight of sweet the sun in a glass forty days, strain

it

infused in oil,

set in

and then

out.

Balsam of St. John's Wort simple, of the oil of seeds beaten and Is made in the same manner, with sweet and ripe oil, often washed, and red Roses pressed, and the flowers being added, and fully open, bruised, set in the sun, and rightly set in the sun. Oil of Jesmine, is made of the flowers of boiled gently in a double vessel, only lct{ the third infusion stand in the sun forty Jesmine, put in clear oil, and set in the sun t and afterwards pressed out. days, then keep the roses and oil together, Oil of Orris, made of the roots of Orris In the same manner is made Oil of Wormone pound, purple Orris flowers common Florentine the of Wormwood of wood, tops j a half four and three thrice repeated, ounces, pound boil them in a double vessel pounds of ripe oil only, the last time put in in a sufficient quantity of decoction of Orris four ounces of the juice of Wormwood, Florentine, and six pounds of sweet oil, putwhich evaporate away by gentle boiling. ing fresh roots and flowers again and again ; Oil of Dill : Of the flowers and leaves of: the former being cast away as in oil of Dill four ounces, complete oil, one pound, Roses. Oil of Earthworms, is made of half a thrice repeated. \ Oil of Castoreum : Of one ounce of Cas- pound of Earthworms washed in white Wine, toreum oil one pound, Wine four ounces, ripe Oil two pounds, boiled in a double which must be consumed with the heat of a vessel with eight ounces of good white Wine till the Wine be consumed. bath. Oil of Marjoram is made with four Oil of Chamomel (which more than onej Chafresh and of call Holy) Bounces of the herb a little bruised, white complete oil, raomel flowers, the little white leaves taken Wine six ounces, ripe oil a pound, mixed Oil, or

;

is

made

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGKD. together, let them be set in the sun repeated them be set in the sun, three times ; at last boiled to the consump- strained. tion of the Wine. Oleum

OU

of Mastich, is made of oil of Roses omphacineone pound, Mastich threeounces, Wine four ounces boil them in a double vessel to the consumption of the Wine. Oil of Melilot is made with the tops of the herb like oil of Chamomel. Oil of Mints is made of the herb and oil omphacine, as oil of Roses. Oil of Mirtles, is made of Mirtle berries bruised and sprinkled with sharp Wine one :

Cicj'onium,

Cucumber

roots,

and

and is

after forty

made

of

their juice, of

days wild

each

with twice as much ripe oil, consumption of the juice. Oil of Nightshade, is made of the berries

equal parts boil

it

;

to the

of Nightshade ripe, and one part boiled in ripe oil, or oil of Roses three parls. Oil of Styrax, is made of Styrax and sweet white Wine, of each one part, ripe oil four parts gently boiled till the Wine be

consumed.

Oil of Violets, is made of oil omphacine, omphacine three parts set it in the sun twenty-four days, and in the interim and Violet flowers, as oil of Roses. thrice renewed, boiled, and the berries Oil of Vervain, is made of the herb and part, oil

;

pressed out. Oil of Daffodils is made as oil of Roses. Nard Oil is made of three ounces of Spikenard, sweet oil one pound and an half, sweet white Wine and clear water, of each two ounces and an half, boiled to the consumption of the moisture. Oil of Water-lilies, is made of fresh white

Water-lily flowers, one part, oil omphacine three parts, repeating the flowers as in oil

of Roses. Oil of Tobacco

Tobacco, and

is made common oil,

parts boiled in a bath. Oil of Poppies, is

of the juice of of each equal

made of

oil,

as oil of

Mints

Culpeper.']

That most of these

Oils, if

of them, are used only externally, is certain and as certain that they retain the virtues of the simples whereof they are made, therefore the ingenious might help themselves.

not

all

;

COMPOUND OILS BY INFUSION AND DECOCTION. Oleum Benedictum.

Or Blessed Take of the

Oil.

roots of Carduus College^] each one and leaves of and of and oil heads, Valerian, ounce, the flowers garden Poppies, of St. John's Wort two ounces, Wheat one omphacine, as oil of Dill. Oil of Poplars, is made of the buds of ounce and an half, old Oil four ounces,

the flowers,

the Poplar tree three parts, rich white Wine four parts, sweet oil seven parts first let the buds be bruised, then infused in the Wine and oil seven days, then boiled, then pressed ;

Cypress Turpentine eight ounces, Frankincense in powder two ounces, infuse the roots and flowers, being bruised, in so much white Wine as is sufficient to cover them, after

two days' infusion put in the Oil with the of the herb bruised, Wheat, bruised, boil them together till the Wine be consumed then press it out, and and ripe oil, like oil of Roses. in the same add the Frankincense and Turpentine, then Oil of Savin is made manner. So also is Oil of Elder flowers made. boil them a little, and keep it. It is appropriated to cleanse Oil of Scorpions, is made of thirty live Culpeper.'] in the Scorpions, caught when the sun is in the and consolidate wounds, especially lion ; oil of bitter Almonds two pounds, let head. out.

Oil of Rue,

is

made

;

4 y

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

356

Oleum de Capparibus.

Wine, boil it in Batneo Marice be consumed.

j

Or, Oil of Capers. College^ Take of the bark of Caper roots an ounce, bark of Tamarisk, the leaves of the same, the seeds of Agnus Castus, Cetrach, or Spleemvort, Cypress roots, of each two drams, Rue one dram, oil of ripe Olives one pound, white Wine Vinegar, and white Wine, of each two ounces, cut them

till

the

Win?

j

It heats, opens obstructions, the nerves, and all nervous parts, strengthens as muscles, tendons, ligaments, the ventricle; besides these, it strengthens the liver, it keeps the hairs from turning grey, and gives a good colour to the body. I pray you take notice that this and the following oils, and steep them, and boil them (two days (till I give you warning to the contrary) being elapsed) gently in a bath, then the are not made to eat. Oleum Crocinum, Wine and Vinegar being consumed, strain it. and it, Or, Oil of Saffron. keep The oil is opening, and hrat-| College.'] Take of Saffron, Calamus AroCulpeperJ] ing, absolutely appropriated to the spleen, maticus, of each one ounce, Myrrh, half an hardness and pains thereof, and diseases jounce, Cardamoms nine drams, steep them coming of stoppings there, as hypocondriac six days, (the Cardamoms excepted, which are not to be put in till the last day,) in nine melancholy, the rickets, Sec. ounces of Vinegar, the day after put in a Oil of Castoreum compound. Take of Castoreum, Styrax j pound and an half of washed oil, boil it College^]

Culpeper.~]

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Galbanum, Euphorbium, Opo-j gently according to art, till the Vinegar, be Cassia panax, Lignea, Saifron, Carpobal- consumed, then strain it. or samum Cubebs, Spikenard, Costus, of I Culpeper ^\ It helps pains in the nerves, each two drams, Cypress, Squinanth, Pep- land strengthens them, mollifies their hardperlongand black, Savin, Pellitory of Spain, ness, helps pains in the matrix, and causes of each two drams and an half, ripe Oil four a good colour, Oil of Euphorbium. pounds, Spanish Wine two pounds, the five] be Take of Stavesacre, Sopeworl, first rest let the prepared as| College.'] excepted, boiled half an in of each to and the; be, ounce, Pellitory of Spain they ought gently Oil and Wine, until the Wine be consumed, j six drams, dried Mountain Calami n I one mean time the Galbanum, Opopanax, and -ounce and an half, Castus two drams, CasEuphorbium beaten in fine powder, being toreum five drains, being bruised, let them dissolved in part of the Wine, and strained, be three days steeped in three pounds and let them be exquisitely mixed with it (while! an half of Wine, boil them with a pound the oil is warm) by often stirring; the boil- land an half of Oil of Wall-flowers, adding ing being finished, put in the Styrax and \ half an ounce of Euphorbium, before thrCalamitis,

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Wine be

Castoreum. j

Culpeper.']

The

virtues are the

the simple.

same with i according $

Oleum Castinum.

\

quite consumed, and so boil

it

to art.

It hath the same virtue, only more effectual than the simple. something

Culpeper.]

Take of the roots of bitter! Oleum Excestrense, College. Castus two ounces, Cassia Lignea one ounce, Or, Oil of Exeter. T ormthe tops of Marjoram eight ounces, being Take of the leaves of College.'] them the two in twelve less, bruisecl, steep wood, Centaury days Eupatorium, Fenounccs of sweet white Wine then with I nel, Hyssop, Bays, Marjoram, Bawm, Nep, three pounds of sallad oil washed in white Pennyroyal, Savin, Sage, Thyme, of each ~\

W

;

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. four-ounces. Southernwood,

Sec the simple oil of St. Culpeper.'] John's Wort, than which this is stronger. Oleum Hyperici tnagis composition. Or, Oil of St. John's Wort more compound Take of white Wine ihree College.'] pounds, tops of St. John's Wort ripe and

Betony,Chame-|

pitys, Lavender, of each six ounces, Rosemary one pound, the flowers of Chamomel, Broom, white Lilies, Elders, the seeds of Cummin, and Fenugreek, the roots of Hellebore black and white, the bark of Ash and Lemons, of each four ounces, Euphorbium, Mustard, Castoreum, Pellitory of Spain,

3,51

j

gently bruised, four handmJs, steep them two days in a glass, close stopped, boil boil them ot'j each an ounce, Oil sixteen pounds, Wine a bath, and strain them strongly, repeat Jin three pounds, the herbs, flowers, seeds, at d the infusion three times, having strained it Euphorbium being bruised, the roots, barks, the third time, add to every pound of deand Castoreum cut, all of them infused coction, old Oil four pounds, Turpentine twelve hours in the Wine and Oil, in a warm six ounces, oil of Wormwood three ounces, bath, then boiled with a gentle fire, to the Dittany, Gentian, Carduus, Tormentil, Carconsumption of the Wine and moisture, line, or Cordus Maria, Calamus Aromaticus, strain the Oil and keep it. all of them bruised, of each two drams, Many people by catching Earth-worms often washed in white Wine CtilpeperJ] bruises when they are young, come to feel two ounces, set it in the sun five or six weeks, it when they are old: others by catching then keep it close stopped, a lameness in their limbs, tot catch Besides the virtue of the suncold, Culpeper.'] bath which I commend this sovereign oil to pie oil of St. John's Wort, which this perbathe their grieved members with. forms more effectually, it is an exceUenl Oleum Hirundinum, remedy for old bruises, aches, and sprains. Oil of Swallows. Oleum Irinum, Or, Swallows Take of whole Or, Oil of Orris, College."] six-j teen, Chamomel, Rue, Plantain the greater College^ Take of the roots of Orris and lesser, Bay leaves, Pennyroyal, Dill, Florentine, three pounds four ounces, the Hyssop, Rosemary, Sage, Saint John's Wort, flowers of purple Orris fifteen ounces, Costmary, of each one handful, common Cypress roots six ounces, of Elecampane Oil four pounds, Spanish Wine one pound, three ounces, of Alkanel two ounces, Cin;

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namon, Spikenard, Benjamin, of each one up according to art. let all of them, being bruised as the former are ounce this and Both Culpeper.'] thereof? to bruises and old they ought to be, be steeped in the sun, or pains appropriated other hot place, in fifteen pounds of old oil, coming, as also to sprains. and four pounds and an half of clear water, Oleum Hyperici compositum. after the fourth day, boil them in Balneo St. Wort Oil of John's Or, compound. of St. Take of the John's Mariae, the water being consumed, when it tops College.'] whole them three is cold, strain it and keep it. four Wort ounces, steep in the heat Culpeper^] The effects are the same with days in a pound of old Sallad Oil, it

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a bath, or of the sun, then press the simple, only 'tis stronger, Oleum Marjorance. out, repeat the infusion the second or third time, then ^boil them till the wine be! Or, Oil of Marjorm. Take of Marjoram four handalmost consumed, press them out, and by 1 College.'] two handfuls, the adding three ounces of Turpentine, and one fuls, Mother of Thyme and berries of Myrtles one handful, scruple of Saffron, boil it a little and keep leaves it. Southernwood, Water Mints, of each half either of

them

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

358

an handful, being cut, bruised, and put in a Cardamoms, of each one ounce and a half, glass, three pounds of Oil Omphacine being bruise them all grossly, and steep them in put to it, let it stand eight days in the sun, water and wine, of each fourteen ounces, or in a bath, close stopped, then strain it Oil of Sesamin, or oil of Olives, four pounds then perfect the out, in the oil put in fresh simples, do. so the and an half, for one day third time, the oil may be perfected accord- oil by boiling it gently in a double vessel, \

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ing to

Oleum Populeum. Nicholaus. CollegeJ] Take of fresh Poplar buds

art.

Culpeper.~\

It helps weariness

and

dis-

\

eases of the brain and nerves, coming of cold ; it helps the dead palsy, the back (viz. the region along the back bone) being anointed with it ; being snuffed up in the {

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three pounds, Wine four pounds, common Oil seven pounds two ounces, beat the Pop-

buds very well, then steep them seven days in the oil and wine, then boil them in it which is a a double vessel till the wine be consumed, nose, helps Spasmus cynicus, wrying the mouth aside it helps noise in (if you infuse fresh buds once or twice bethe ears being dropped into them, it pro- fore you boil it, the medicine will be the vokes the menses, and helps the biting of; stronger,) then press out the oil and keep it. venomous beasts it is a most gallant oil to It is a fine cool oil, but the CulpeperJ] the back anointed the ointment called strengthen being body, by that name which follows j

lar

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with it ; strengthens the muscles, they being chafed with it ; helps head-ache, the forehead being rubbed with it.

Moschelaum Or, Oil of Musk. College^ Take two Nutmegs, Musk one dram, Indian leaf or Mace, Spikenard, Costus, Mastich, of each six drams, Sty rax Calamitis, Cassia Lignea, Myrrh, Saffron, Cinnamon, Cloves, Carpobalsamum or Cubebs, Bdellium, of each two drams, pure Oil three pounds, Wine three ounces, bruise them as you ought to do, mix them, and let them boil easily, till the Wine be consumed, the it is

Musk being mixed according to

art after

\

hereafter

is far

better,

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OINTMENTS MORE SIMPLE. j \ i

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Unguentum album, Or, white Ointment. Take of Oil of Roses nine College.'} ounces, Ceruss washed in Rose-water and diligently sifted, three ounces, white Wax two ounces,

after the

wax

is

melted

in the

\

put in the Ceruss, and make it into an ointment according to art, add two drams of Camphire, made into powder with a few drops of oil of sweet Almonds, so will it be

|

camphorated.

oil, j >

I

strained.

Culpeper.~] It is a fine cooling, drying CulpeperJ] It is exceeding good against all diseases of cold, especially those of the ointment, eases pains, and itching in wounds stomach, it helps diseases of the sides, they \ and ulcers, and is an hundred times better being anointed with it, the stranguary, cho- with Camphire than without it. lie, and vices of the nerves, and afflictions Unguentum Egyptiacum. of the reins. College.~] Take of Verdigris finely powOleum Nardinum. dered, five parts, Honey fourteen parts, 1 Or, Oil of Nard. sharp Vinegar seven parts, boil them to a a reddish colour. College.] Take of Spikenard threeounces, jjust thickness, and It cleanses two Wood of Aloes, \ ounces, filthy ulcers and Culpeper.~] Marjoram not and without fistulas Calamus Aromaticus, Elecampane, Cypress, pain, it forcibly, Bay leaves, Indian leaf or Mace, Squinanth, j takes away dead and proud flesh, and dries. j

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. *

Unguentum Anodynum. Or, an Ointment to ease pain.

ounce, Oil

359

five

ounces, powder the Olibathe rest being melted, into an ointment according to art.

num and Myrrh, and

Take

of Oil of white Lilies, {make it six ounces, Oil of Dill, and Chamomel, of ]$asilicon, the Itss. each two ounces, Oil of sweet Almonds one Take of yellow Wax, fat Rozin, College.] and Hen's of Duck's (Greek ounce, Pitch, of each half a pound, Oil nine grease, grease, each two ounces, white Wax three ounces, mix them together, by melting Bounces College.]

j

j

:

mix them according

them according to art. assuage pains Culpeper] Culpeper] Both this and the former, the such as of heat, moisten, and digest, procure matter in any part body, especially come by inflammations, whether in wounds wounds, I mean brings the filth or corrupted or tumours, and for that it is admirable. blood from green wounds they dense and | ex ease Apio. Unguentum pain. Ointment of Bdellium. Or, Ointment of Srnallage. Take of the College.'] juice ofSmallagej College] Take of Bdellium six drams, nine one pound, Honey ounces, Wheat! Euphorbium, Sagapen, of each four drams, flower three ounces, boil them to a just! Castoreum three drams, Wax fifteen drams, to art.

i

Its use is to

in

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thickness.

!

It is

Culpeper]

a very

fine,

;

gentle cleanser of wounds and ulcers. Liniment of Gum Elemi.

Take of

Gum

Oil of Elder or W'all-flowers, ten drams,

and very the Bdellium, and Sagapen being dissolved in water of wild j ;

by

Rue,

let

the rest be united

the heat of a bath.

Unguentum de Calce. one ounce and Or, Ointment of Chalk. Take of Chalk washed, seven an half, old Sheep's Suet cleansed two ounces, College.] mix times at least, half a pound, Wax three old Hog's grease cleansed one ounce them, and make them into an ointment ounces, Oil of Roses one pound, stir them all College]

Elemi, Turpen-

$

tine of the Fir-tree, of each

:

;

|

according to

art.

\

It gently cleanses and fills up Culpeper.] an ulcer with flesh, it being of a mild nature, and friendly to the body.

Unguentum Aureinn. College.]

Take of yellow

pound, common

Oil

Wax

j !

\

together diligently in a leaden mortar, the, wax being first melted by a gentle fire in a sufficient quantity of the prescribed oil. Culpeper] It is exceeding good in burnings

half a!

two pounds, Turpen-

and

scaldings.

Unguentum Dialthce. of Marsh-mallows, Ointment Or,

1

Take of common Oil four two ounces, Pine Rozin, Colophonia, of College] each one ounce and an half, Frankincense, pounds, mussilage of Marsh-mallow roots, Mast.ich, of each one ounce, Saffron one Linseed, and Fenugreek seed two pounds dram, first melt the wax in the oil, then the boil them together till the watry part Turpentine being added, let them boil of the mussilage be consumed, then add half a pound, Rozin three ounces, together; having done boiling, put in the Wax rest in fine powder, (let the Saffron be the Turpentine an ounce, boil them to the conthem jsistence of an ointment, but let the mussilage last) and by diligent stirring, make be prepared of a pound of fresh roots into an ointment according to art. bruised, and half a pound of each of the Basilicon, the greater. seeds Take of white Wax, Pine steeped, and boiled in eight pounds of College] Rozin, Heifer's Suet, Greek Pitch, Tur-j spring water, and then pressed out. See pentine, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each one *the compound. tine

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

3CO

Unguentum Diapompholygos. Unguentum de mini? sive rulrum Camphora College] Take of Oil of Nightshade! Or, Ointment of red Lead, sixteen ounces, white Wax, washed, Ceruss, Take of Qil f Roses Qne each four drams, Lead burnt and washed, d J nc| an half' re( , Lead , Qun oj Pomphohx prepared, of each two ounces, iu two ounce s Ceruss one ounce and pure frankmcense one ounce: bring them bJ,TuttythS drams, Camphire two rato the form of an ointment according to dramSj Wax ^neounce and an hal j; make it into an ointment according to art, in a pesrr,,' ,.. n j Ihis much differing from Culpeper.] the| tle and mortar made o f Ilad. former, you shall have that inserted at latter C This \

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se

ointment is as drying as read of one , and whhal cooling, therefore good for sores, and such a are gabled den uctions.

which you a j

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\

Ungwtom Emtlatum.. Or, Ointment of Elecampane.

j

ulpeper.-\

^^wudly

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.

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Unguentum e Xicotiona, seu Peto. Or Ointment of Tobacco, College.'} Take of Tobacco leaves bruised, pound, Turpentine washed in their decoc-j lion, new Wax, of each two ounces, old two pounds, steep them a whole night in Hog's grease salted ten ounces, old oil four! red Wine, in the morning boil it in fresh ounces, common salt one ounce, add the Hog's grease, diligently washed, one pound, Turpentine to the grease, wax, and oil, being! till the Wine be consumed, strain it, and melted, as also the pulp and salt being add half a pound of juice of Tobacco, finely powdered, and so make it into ani Rozin four ounces, boil it to the cor.sump-

Take

of Elecampane roots! College.-] boiled in Vinegar, bruised and pulped, one!

I

i

tion of the juice, adding towards the end, ointment according to art. 1 round Birthwort roots in powder, two Unguentum Enulatum cum Mercurio. Or, Ointment of Elecampane with Quick- j ounces, new Wax as much as is sufficient to make it into an ointment according to silver, Is made of the former oint-jart. College."] ment, by adding two ounces of Quick-silver, Culpeper.'] Itwould takeawhole summer's killed by continual to write the particular virtues of this stirring, not only withjday or spittle, juice of Lemons, but with all thej ointment, and my poor Genius is too weak of to give it the hundredth part of its due Turpentine kept for that intent, and :

i

I

part

the grease, in a stone mortar.

Culpeper.]

My

opinion of

\

this

ointment,

(briefly) this : It was invented for the itch, without quick-silver it will do no good, is

with quick-silver

may do

harm. Unguentum Laurinum commune. it

]

It

praise:

I

wounds,

i

nettles,

beasts, ;

cures

ulcers,

tumours, imposthumes, gun-shot, stinging with

wasps, hornets, venomous wounds made with poisoned arrows, bees,

c.

Unguentum Nutnturn,

seu

Trifarmacum

Or, Ointment of Bays common. Take of Litharge of Gold College.] ^ Take of leaves bruised College.] Bay \ finely powdered, half a pound, Vinegar one pound, Bay berries bruised half a one pound, Oil of Roses two pounds, grind pound, Cabbage leaves four ounces, Neat's- j the Litharge in a mortar, pouring to it foot Oil five pounds, Bullock's suet two sometimes Oil, sometimes Vinegar, till by boil them and strain the pounds, them, continual stirring, together, Vinegar do no more that so it may be made into an ointment! appear, and it come to a whitish ointment, It is of a cooling, drying according to art. Culpeper,] !

;

|

'

AND ENGLISH

PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

nature, good for itching of wounds, and such like deformities of the skin.

301

not and keep it for use; then warm it little again and wash it with fresh llosewater, adding to each pound twelve drops Unguentwn Ophthalmicwn. of oil of Lignum Rhodium. Or, An Ointment for the Eyes. \ of Bole-ammoniac Take washed Its general use is, to soften College.'] Ctilpeper.1 * TT /"I ot the skin, and the lips, hands, lit

!

\

i

1

.

fine

i

powder half a dram, Camphire

half

aj

grains, fresh Butter!' scruple, Opium Plantain washed in Water, as much as is a five

make

i

f

Unguentum

1

i

Potabile.

Take of Butter without salt, College^ pound and an half, Spermaceti, Madder,

an ointment ac- Tormentil roots, Castoreum, of each half an ounce boil them as you ought in a sufto is It stop ficient quantity of Wine, till the Wine be exceeding good Culpeper.] into the that fall down hot rheums eyes, the consumed, and become an ointment, I know not what to make eyelids being but anointed with it. Culpeper.~\ sufficient to

it

into

cording to art.

:

:

j

Unguentum ex Oxylapatho. of sharp-pointed Dock. Ointment Or,

[ofil,

Unguentum Resitmm. of Take of Pine Rozin, or Rozin sharpCollege.'] College.] in until Vinegar they jot the Pine-tree, of the purest Turpentine, pointed Dock boiled be soft, and then pulped, Brimstone washed yellow Wax washed, pure Oil, of each melt them into an ointment in juice of Lemons, of each one ounce and equal parts an half, Hog's grease often washed in juice according to art. It is as pretty a Cerecloth for of Scabious, half a pound, Unguentum CulpepcrJ] in of new as washed a most is, and cheap, j Elecampane, juice sprain Populeon make them into an ointhalf an ounce Unguentum Rosa turn. ment in a mortar. Or, Ointment of Roses. $ a is Take of fresh Hog's grease It wholesome, though College.'] Culpeper.~] cleansed a pound, fresh red Roses half a troublesome medicine for scabs and itch. e Plumbo. pound, juice of the same three ounces, make Unguentum it into an ointment according to art. of Ointment Lead. Or, It is of a fine cooling nature, accordTake Lead burnt of Culpeper.'] College.'] ing to art, Litharge, of each two ounces, exceeding useful in all gallings of the skin, Ceruss, Antimony, of each one ounce, Oil and frettings, accompanied with choleric

Take

of the

roots

>

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>

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of Roses as

much

as

sufficient

make

humours, angry pushes, tetters, ringworms, art. to an ointment into jit mitigates diseases in the head coming ot according with time another, heat, as also the intemperate heat of the Ctdpeper.~\ Take it one it will go ncer to do more harm than good. stomach and liver. Desiccativum Rubrum. Unguentum Pomatum. fresh Hog's grease of Take Or, a drying Red Ointment, College.'] Take of the oil of Roses omsuet nine three pounds, fresh Sheep's ounces, j College.] Pomewater pared and cut, one pound and phacine a pound, white Wax five ounces, nine ounces, Damask Rose-water sixounces, which being melted and put in a leaden the roots of Orris Florentine grossly bruised mortar, put in the Earth of Lemnos or six drams, boil them in Balneo Maria till j Bole-ammoniac, Lapis Calami naris, of each the Apples be soft, then strain it, but press {four ounces, Litharge of Gold. Ceruss, of is

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it

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

362

each three ounces, Camphire one dram, make it into an ointment according to art.

Tapsivalentia. the juice of Mullen,

j

Take of

College.']

binds and restrains fluxes Hog's grease, of each as much as you will, let the grease be cleansed and cut in pieces, j Deat li w ' tn lne j u i ce pressed and & e Solano. 4 Unguentum \ strained as you did the former ointment, Or, Ointment of Nightshade. Take of juice of Nightshade, then kee P lt in a convenient vessel nine or College.] ten day s > then beat ll twlce once Wlth fresl1 Litharge washed, of each five ounces, Ceruss washed eight ounces, white Wax J ulce untl1 ll be S reen > and the second time seven ounces, Frankincense in powder ten without juice beaten well, pouring off what is discoloured, and keep it for use. drams, oil of Roses often washed in water Tapsimel. two pounds, make it into an ointment acTake of the juice of CelanCollege^ cording- to art. p ach one Mullen of and chne > part, clarified It was invented to take away Culpeper.'] boil two them parts, by degrees till inflammations from wounds, and to keep Honey, UICe be the consumed, J adding (the physipeople from scratching of them when they cian burnt Alum, burnt Vitriol, prescribing) are almost well ! CnlpeperJ]

It

*

of humours.

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lake

make them,

being finely powdered, into an ointment, with a pound and an half of ointment of Roses

I

^nt

a ain to an oi

j to art.

ac-

t

|.

cording

==

of

lutty prepared twoj ounces, Lapis Calaminaris often burnt and j quenched in Plantain Water an ounce, $ College.]

k

Ink and boi

Or, Ointment of Tutty. J

_

OINTMENTS MORE COMPOUND.

Unguentum Agrippa. Take of Briony roots two _ It is a cooling, drying ointCulpeper.~\ pounds, the roots of wild Cucumbers one ment, appropriated to the eyes, to dry up 111 1*1 pound, Squills half a pound, fresh English hot and salt humours that flow down thither, Qrris rootgj three Qun the roots ()f the eyelids being anointed with it. water dwarf j Fern, Elder, Caltrops, or Aaron, Valentia Scabiosa. o f e ach two ounces, bruise them all, being Take of the juice of green fresh, and steep them six or seven days in College.'] Scabious, pressed out with a screw, and four pounds of old oil, the whitest, not rank, strained through a cloth, Hog's grease, of then boil them and press them out, and in each as much as you will, heat the Hog's the oil melt fifteen ounces of white Wax, grease in a stone mortar, not grind it, putt- and make it into an ointment according to ing in the juice by degrees for the more art. commodious mixture and tincture, after-} It purges exceedingly, and Culpeper.~] wards set it in the sun in a convenient ves- is good to anoint the bellies of such as have sel, so as the juice may overtop the grease, dropsies, and if there be any humour of nine days being passed, pour off the dis- flegm in any part of the body that you Coloured juice, and beat it again as before, know not how to remove (provided the part putting in fresh juice, set it in the sun again t be not too tender) you may anoint it with five days, which being elapsed, beat it! this; but yet be not too busy with it, for I again, put in more juice, after fifteen days; tell you plainly it is not very safemore, do so again, do so five times, after Unguentum Amarum. in a or vessel. it which, keep Or, A bitter Ointment. { glass, glazed /

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the head, it being anointed with it; as also of all the parts of the body, especially the and arteries. pressed out, Lapis Calaminaris, Chalcilis, nerves, muscles, of each six drams, burnt Lead, Goat's Unguentum Mastichinum. an half of each ounce, Quick-silver Or, An Ointment of Mastich. blood, Take of the Oil of Mastich, of the sublimated an ounce, House-; College.] juice leek, Nightshade, Plantain, of each two Wormwood, and Nard, of each an ounce, ounces, Hog's grease cleansed three pounds, Mastich, Mints, red Roses, red Coral, Cloves, Oil of Violets, Poppies, Mandrakes, ofj Cinnamon, Wood of Aloes, Squinanth, of each an ounce : first let the sublimate and each a dram, wax as much as is sufficient slain water, then in Vinegar Avherein wild JRhadish roots have been steeped and

]

I

exungia, then the oils, juices, and powders, to make be mixed, and so made into an ointment j art. |

according to

art.

it

into an ointment according to

CulpeperJ]

5 A

This

is

like the former,

and

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

3C4

not a whit inferior to it; it strengthens the stomach being anointed with it, restores Before it was called appetite and digestion. ointment. a stomach

in j I

:

Violet

Almonds and

Water

ounces, oil of Sw^et ounces, oil of Chamomel white Wax, of each three six

four

Violets,

ounces, Hen's and Duck's greese, of each two ounces, Orris roots two drams, Saffron Unguentum Neapolitanum. j washed half a dram of Take The two last being finely Hog's grease College.'] | a the rest melted and often washed of Quick-silver in juice powdered, pound, Sage four oil of; in or strained through leather, ounces, Barley Hyssop water, make an ointof each ment of them and Earthworms, Chamomel, Bays, according to ari. j an Wine of It strengthens the breast and two ounces, Spirit ounce, yellow ( Culpeper.'] in washed Wax two ounces, Turpentine stomach, eases the pains thereof, helps three of ounces, powder pleuriscs and consumptions of the lungs, Elecampane juice of Chamepitys and Sage, of each two the breast being anointed with it. drams, make them into an ointment accordUngtientum "Rewmptioum. Take of Hog's grease three to art. College.] ing art to spoil people: ounces, the grease of Hen's, Geese, and learned CulpeperJ] hundreds are bound to curse such oint-j Ducks, of each two ounces, Oesipus half an ounce, oil of Violets, Chamomel, and ments, and those that appoint them. Nervinum um Dill, fresh Butter a pound, white Wax six Unguent with the of Take Cowslips jounces, mussilage of Gum Tragacanlh, College.'] j

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A

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Arabic, Quince seeds, Lin-seeds, MarshRosemary, ii 11 iii/* the with berries, Chamomel, mallow roots, of each half an ounce. Let Lavender, Bay Rue, Smallage, Melilot with the flowers, the mussilages be made in Rose water, and Wormwood, of each a handful, Mints, adding the rest, make it into an ointment Betony, Pennyroyal, Parsley, Centaury the according to art. It mightily molifies without less, St. John's Wort, of each a handful, Culpeper.'] oil of Sheep's or Bullock's feet, five pounds, any manifest heat, and is therefore a fit half an ounce, Sheep's or ointment for such as have agues, asthmas, oil of Spike It is a Bullock's Suet, or the Marrow of either, two hectic fevers, or consumptions. bruised and good ointment to ease pains coming by inherbs the being pounds boiled with the oil and suet, make it into an flammations of wounds or aposthumes, flowers,

-

Sage, -i^

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want of jounce, oil of white Lillies, Chamomel, cholic, your fresh Butter, juice of Briony and Sowfor whatever disease in any part of bread, of each half an ounce, boil it to the belly the body comes of cold, esteem this as a consumption of the juice, add Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar, two drams and an jewel. Pectorale. half, Hen's grease, Oesypus, Marrow of a Unguentum Call's Leg, of each half an ounce* powder Ointment. A Pectoral Or, Take of fresh Butter washed of the bark of the roots of Tamaris and College.'] wind anoint your belly with it for the digestion, your stomach; ;

for

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

365

Capers, Fern roots, Cetrach, of each a dram, lars and Services, of each a sufficient quanthe seeds of Agnus Castuus, and Broom, tity, then dry them by a gentle fire, and of each a scruple, with a sufficient quantity with the oil and wax boil it into an ointof Wax, make it into an ointment accord- { ment. It is a gallant drying and ing to art. Culpeper.'] ointment. Unguentum Splanchnicum Magistrate* Besides, the stomach binding Take of the bark of Caper! anointed with it, stays vomiting, and the College.'] roots six drams, Briony roots, Orris Floren- belly anointed with it stays looseness, if tine, powder of sweet Fennel seeds, Ammo- \ the fundament fall out, when you have put niacum dissolved in Vinegar, of each half! it up again anoint it with this ointment, and an ounce, tops of Wormwood, Chamomel it will fall out no more. Do the like by the flowers, of each a dram, ointment of the] womb if that fall out. Ointment of Marsh-mallows, compound juice and of flowers of Oranges, of each six oil of and of Orris each an Nicholaus. drams, Capers, ounce and an half: the things which ought of Marsh-mallow roots Take College.'] and the rest diliof Flax and Fcenutwo the seeds sifted, being powdered pounds, mixed in a make hot it into of each one mortar, gently greek, pound, pulp of Squills an ointment according to art. Oil four half a pound, pounds, Wax one Both these ointments are pound, Turpentine, Gum of Ivy,Galbanum, Culpeper."] appropriated to the spleen, and eases the of each two ounces, Colophonia, Rozin, ot pains thereof, the sides being anointed with each half a pound Let the roots be well them. I fancy not the former. washed and bruised, as also the Linseed, Unguentum e Succis. Fcenugreek seed, and Squills, then steep them three days in eight pints of water, the Or, Ointment of Juices. Take of the juice of Dwarf- fourth day boil them a little upon the fire, College .] Elder eight ounces, of Smallage and Parsley, and draw out the mussilage, of which take of each four ounces, Wormwood and Orris, two pounds, and boil it with the oil to the of each five ounces, common Oil half aj consumption of the juice, afterwards add pound, oil of white Lilies ten ounces, of; the Wax, Rozin, and Colophonia, when Wormwood and Chamomel, of each six they are melted, add the Turpentine, after ounces, the fat of Ducks and Hens, of each wards theGalbanum and Gum of Ivy, distwo ounces, boil them together with a gen tie solved in Vinegar, boil them a little, and fire till the juice be consumed, then strain having removed them from the fire, stir them and with seven ounces of white Wax, till they are cold, that so they may be well it, ind a little white Wine Vinegar, make it incorporated. It heats and moistens, helps into an ointment according to art. CulpeperS] breast coming of cold and of the See Unguentum ex Succis Aperitivis. pains i

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Unguentum Sumach. College^] Take of Sumach, unripe Galls, Myrtle berries, Balaustines, Pomegranates Pills, Acorn Cups, Cypress Nuts, Acacia,

j

pleurises, old aches, softens hard swellings.

and

stitches,

Unguentum Diapompholigos

and

nihili.

Nicholaus. I of Oil of Roses sixteen Take of white each ten Mastich, drams, Wax] College.'] five ounces, oil of Roses often washed in ounces, juice of Nightshade six ounces, let Alum water, a pound and ten ounces, make them boil to the consumption of the juice, a fine powder of the things you can, and then add white Wax five ounces, Ceruss two ounces, Lead burnt and washed, fcteep them four whole days in juice of Med- washed i

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

366

Pompholix prepared, pure Frankincense, Culpeper^] The belly being each an ounce, let them be brought into with it kills the worms.

anointed

of

the form of an ointment according to art. It cools and binds, drys, and Culpeper.] stays fluxes, either of blood or humours in wounds, and fills hollow ulcers with flesh.

Unguentum Refrigerans. It

is

CERECLOATHS Ceratum de Galbano.

Galenus.

also called a Cerecloath.

Or, Cerecloath of Galbanum. Take of white Wax fou.Take of Galbanum prepared, College.] ounces, Oil of Roses omphacine one pound, an ounce and an half, Assafoetida half an melt it in a double vessel, then pour it out a ounce, Bdellium dram, Myrrh two drams, into another, by degrees putting in cold Wax two ounces, Carrot seeds a scruple, water, and often pouring it out of one vessel Featherfew, Mugwort, of each half a dram, into another, stirring it till it be white, last dissolve the Gums in Vinegar, and make it of all wash it in Rose water, adding a little a cerecloath according to art. Rose Water, and Rose Vinegar. to the College.]

Culpeper.]

a fine cooling thing, to of a cure inflammations in wounds or tumours. Culpeper.]

It is

Being applied

after labour,

it

belly cleanses her of

relicts accidently left behind, helps the fits of the mother, and other accidents incident to women in that case.

any

Ungiiejitum e Succis Aperitivis primum. Fcesius. College.]

woman

Take of the juice of Smallage,

Ceratum Oesypatum. Take of Oesypus ten ounces, College^] Parsley, Valerian, of each three ounces, oil of Oil Chamomel, and Orris, of each half of Wormwood and Mints, of each half a a pound, yellow Wax two pounds, Rozin a pound, yellow Wax three ounces, mix them pound, Mastich, Ammoniacum, Turpentine, together over the fire, and make of them an *of each an ounce, Spikenard two drams ointment. and an half, Saffron a dram and an half, It opens stoppages of the Culpeper.] make them stomach and spleen, eases the rickets, the Styrax Calamitis half an ounce, into a cerecloath according to art. breast and sides being anointed with it. It molifies and digests hard Culpeper^] An Ointment for the Worms. Fcesius. of the liver, spleen, womb, nerves, Take of oil of Rue, Savin, swellings College.] and other parts of the body, and is a joints, Endive,

Mints,

Wormwood,

common

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i

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5

{ \

Mints, Wormwood, and bitter Almonds, of each an ounce and an half, juice of the great easer of pain. Ceratum Santalinum. flowers or leaves of Peaches, and WormTake of red Sanders, ten wood, of each half an ounce, powder of College^ Rue, Mints, Gentian, Centaury the less, drams, white and yellow Sanders, of each Tormentil, of each one dram, the seeds of six drams, red Roses twelve drams, BoleColeworts, the pulp of Colocynthis, of each ammoniac seven drams, Spodium four two drams, Aloes Hepatic, three drams, the drams, Camphire two drams, white Wax meal of Lupines half an ounce, Myrrh washed thirty drams, Oil of Roses omphawashed in grass water a dram arid an half, cine six ounces make it into a cerecloath Bull's Galls an ounce and an half, with according to art. It wonderfully helps hot inCulpeper^] juice of Lemons, so much as is sufficient, and an ounce and an half of Wax, make it firmities of the stomach, liver, and other to them. into an ointment according to art. \ parts, being but applied ,

!

I I

!

\

:

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. PLAISTERS. Emplastrum ex Ammoniaoo. Or,

A

College.']

Ammoniacum. Ammoniacum, Bran

Plaister of

Take of

well sifted, of each an ounce,

Ointment of

Marsh-mallows, Melilot plaister compound, roots of Briony, and Orris in powder, of each half an ounce, the fat of Ducks, Geese, and Hens, of each three drams, Bdellium, Galbanum, of each one dram and an half, Per-Rozin, Wax, of each five ounces, oil of Orris, Turpentine, of each half an ounce, boil the fats and oil with mussilage of Lin-seed, and Fenugreek seed, of each three ounces, to the consumption of the mussilage, strain it, and add the Wax, Rozin, and Turpentine, the ointment of Marsh-mallows with the plaister of Melilot; when it begins to be cold, put in the

8C7

Emplastrum Barbarum Magimm. College^] Take of dry Pitch eight pounds, yellow Wax six pounds and eight ounces, Per-Rozin five pounds and four ounces, Bitumen, Judaicum, or Mummy, four pounds, Oil one pound and an half, Verdigris, Litharge, Ceruss, of each three ounces, Frankincense half a pound, Roach Alum not burnt, an ounce and an half, burnt, four ounces, Opopanax, scales ot Brass, Galbanum, of each twelve drams, Aloes, Opium, Myrrh, of each half an

two pounds, juice ot or bark of the root, else dried Mandrakes,

ounce, Turpentine six

five

drams, Vinegar

pounds

:

Lei the

Litharge, Ceruss, and Oil, boil to the thickness of Honey, then incorporate with them the Pitch, being melted with Bitumen in powder then add the rest, and boil them according to art, till the vinegar be consumed, and it stick not to your hands. It helps the bitings of men Culpeper.~\ ;

dissolved in Vinegar, then the Bdellium in powder, with the rest of the and beasts, eases inflammations of wounds, powders, and make it into a plaister accord- and helps infirmities of the joints, and gouts in the beginning. ing to art.

Ammoniacum,

It softens

Culpeper^]

and

and assuages hard humours offend-

scatters the

swellings, ing, applied to the side it softens the hardness of the spleen, assuages pains thence arising.

Emplastrum Or,

A

e

Baccus LuurL

Plaister of Bay-berries.

Emplastrum de Betonica. Or, A Plaister of Betony. Take of Betony, Burnet, AgriCollege.'] mony, Sage, Pennyroyal, Yarrow, Comfrey the greater, Clary, of each six ounces, Frankincense, Mastich, of each three drams, Orris, round Birthwort, of each six drams, white Wax, Turpentine, of each Gum eight ounces, Per-Rozin six ounces, two ounces, Avhile Elemi, Oil of Fir, of each

Take of Bay-berries husked, of each two ounces, FrankinTurpentine, cense, Mastich, Myrrh, of each an ounce, the herbs, boil Cypress, Costus, of each half an ounce, Wine three pounds bruise strain then four not the them in them, and add wanned and Wine, scummed, Honey a plaister acinto them to a and make it into the : make ounces rest, plaister according College.']

:

cording to

art.

Culpeper.~\

It is

an excellent

plaister to of cold or wind, in

ease any pains coming any part of the body, whether stomach, It is an liver, belly, reins, or bladder. excellent remedy for the cholic and wind in the bowels.

art.

It is a good plaister to unite Culpeper.~] the skull when it is cracked, to draw out

of broken bones, and cover the It draws filth from the flesh with bones bottom of deep ulcers, restores flesh lost,

pieces

:

cleanses, digests,

5

it

and drys.

THE COMPLETE HERBAL ed, and made into~an emplaister according Emplastrum Ctesarus. Take of red Roses one to art. ounce CollegeJ] and an half, Bistort roots, Cypress Nuts, all Catagmaticum the second. the Sanders, Mints, Coriander seeds, of Take of the roots of Comfrey College^] each three drams, Mastich half an ounce, 'the greater, Marsh-mallows, Misselto of the Hypocistis, Acacia, Dragon's blood, Earth Oak, of each two ounces, Platain, Chameof Lemnos. Bole-ammoniac, red Coral, of pity 8, St. John's Wort, of each a handful, each two drams, Turpentine washed in \ boil them in equal parts of black Wine, Plantain water four ounces, Oil of Roses and Smith's Water till half be consumed, three ounces, white Wax twelve ounces, strain it, and add mussilage of Quince seeds Per-Rozin ten ounces, Pitch six ounces, made in Tripe water, Oil of Mastich and the juice of Plantain, Houseleek, and Or- 1 Roses, of each four ounces, boil it to the pine, of each an ounce, the Wax, Rozin, {Consumption of the humidity, and having and Pitch being melted together, add the strained it, add Litharge of Gold four Turpentine and Oil, then the Hypocistis ounces, boil it to the consistence of an and Acacia dissolved in the juices, at last emplaister, then add yellow Wax four the powders, and make it into a plaister ounces, Turpentine three ounces, Colophonu six drams, Ship Pitch ten ounces, according to art. powders ;

j |

j

,

I

j

5 ,

:

\

j

of Balaustincs, Roses, Myrtles, Acacia, of each half an ounce, Mummy, Androsarnum, strengthening nature, excellently good repel hot rheums or vapours that ascend Mastich, Amber, of each six drams, Boleup to the head, the hair being shaved off, ammoniac fine flowers, Frankincense, of each twelve drams, Dragon's blood two and it applied to the crown. ounces make it into a plaister according Emplastrum Catagmaticum the first. of to art. Take of Marsh-mallow College.'] juice roots six ounces, bark of Ashtree roots, and Both this and the former are Culpeper.'] their leaves, the roots of Comfrey the greater { binding and drying, the former rules will and smaller with their leaves, of each twoj instruct you in the use. ounces, Myrtle Berries an ounce and an \ Emplastrum Cephalicum half, the leaves of Willow, the tops of St. Or, A Cephalic Plaister. Take of Rozin two ounces, John's Wort, of each an handful and an College.^ bruised boil them Pitch one black half, having them, ounce, Labdanum, Turpentogether in red Wine, and Smith's Water, of each tine, flower of Beans, and Orobus, Dove's two pound, till half be consumed, strain it, dung, of each half an ounce, Myrrh, Masand add Oil of Myrtles, and Roses c-npha- tich, of each one dram and an half, Gum cine, of each one pound and an half, Goat's of Juniper, Nutmegs, of each two drams, suet eight ounces, boil it again to the con- dissolve the Myrrh and Labdanum in a hot sumption of the decoction, strain it again, mortar, and adding the rest, make it into a and add Litharge of Gold and Silver, red j plaister according to art. If you will have Lead, of each four ounces, yellow Wax one^ it stronger, add the powders, Euphorbium, pound, Colophoniahalf a pound, boil it to Pellitory of Spain, and black Pepper, of the consistance of a plaister, then add Tur- j each two scruples. Culpeper."]

It is

of a

fine, cool,

binding,

!

to

:

j

.

\

\

It is proper to strengthen the Culpeper.] pentine two ounces, Myrrh, Frankincense, Mastich, of each half an ounce, Bole- brain, and repel such vapours as annoy it, ammoniac, Earth of Lemnos, of each one land those powders being added, it dries up ounce, stir them about well till they beboil-Uhe superfluous moisture thereof, and cases 1

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. the eyes of hot scalding vapours that

annoy

them,

Empla strum de Or,

A

helps digestion, stays vomiting faction of the meat there.

it,

and putre-

|

Cerussa.

Emplastrum

Plaister of Ceruss.

Take of Ceruss

College.']

|

309

in fine

Or,

powder,

College.']

!

A

e

Cymino.

Cummin. Take of Cummin-seed, BayPlaister of

Sallad Oil, of each three ounces, 1 berries yellow Wax, of each one pound, add the Oil by degrees to the Ceruss, and p er-Rozin two pounds, common Rozin three P ound s, Oil of Dill half a pound: boil it by continual stirring over a gentle mix them > and make tnem into a plaister. till it to lire, swell, then add the Wax j begin II cut small by degrees, and boil it to its justf Culpeper.'] assuages swellings, takes awa old aches consistence. y coming of bruises, and ap\ lied to bell the It helps burns, dry scabs, and I P y> is an excellent remedy Culpeper.-] This I have often hot ulcers, and in general whatever sores } for lhe wmd choll c. and with abound with moisture. always proved, good success.

white

Wax,

>

I

?

$

Diacaldteos.

Emplastrum r lake of Hogs grease College.

Emplastrum ex Cicuta cum Ammoniaco.

n Or, A

.,

Plaister of

TT Hemlock with

,]

and

fresh

f purg ed ftim the skins two pounds, oil of Ammomacum. j O]ives omph acine, Litharge of Gold beaten n ,, rp Take of the juice of Hemlock and ^faf College.-] of eadl thnfe d wfaitc four ounces, Vinegar, of Squills, and Vkriol bumt and d fo ur ounces , et Amrnomacum,oleachei g htounces,d,ssolve ltheLith grease, and oil boil together the Gum in the juice and Vinegar, after a with a gentle fire, with a little Plantain due infusion, then strain it into its just conwater, always stirring it, to the consistence sistence according to art. .ic. ig TO }of a plaister, into which (being 6 removed I suppose it was invented to Ctdpeper.] from the fire) t in the Vitriol a nd makc jt mitigate the extreme pains, and allay the into a Iaister accordi to art inflammations of wounds, for which it is? It is a very drying, binding Culpeper.-] very good: let it not be applied to any a s t ei profitable in green wounds tohinder jp] -i

;

'

.

|

j j

j

principal part.

Emplastrum Or,

A

,

e crusta Panis. {

Plaister of a crust of Bread.

,

putrefaction, as also in pestilential sores after they are broken, and ruptures, and also in burnings and scaldings.

Take of Mastich, Mints, Spo- j Diachylon simple. College.'] of mussilage of Linseed, Take dium, red Coral, all the Sanders, of each j College.'] one dram, Oil of Mastich and Quinces, of} Fenugreek seed, Marsh-mallow roots, of each one dram and an half, a crust of Bread each one pound, old Oil three pounds: boil toasted, and three times steeped in red Rose it to the consumption of the mussilnu j

j

Vinegar, and as often dried, Labdanum, of each two ounces, Rozin four ounces, Sty rax Calamitis half an ounce, Barley meal five drams : make them into a plaister accord-

strain

it,

and add Litharge of Gold

powder, one pound and an half:

in fmc>

boil

them

water over a gentle fire always to a just thickness. them stirring It is an exceeding good ing to art. Culpeper.'] all for a commend this for I shall swellings without pain, it remedy Culpeper.'] of the liver and spleen, it plaister to strengthen the brain as any softens hardness with a

little

>

good

j

the

Dispensatory, the hair beings shaved off, and it applied to the crown ; also being applied to the stomach, it strengthens! is

in

j

is

very gentle, Diachylon Ireatum. Add one ounce of Orris College.-]

in

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

3TO

powder

to every

pound of Diachylon sim- breaks them, and I

i

ple.

Diachylon Magnum. Take of mu&silage of Raisins, College.] fat Figs, Mastich, Mallow-roots, Linseeds, and Fenugreek-seeds, Bird-lime, the juice of Orris and Squills, of each twelve drams and an half, CEsypus or oil of Sheep's feet an ounce and an half, Oil of Orris, Chamo- j I mel, Dill, of each eight ounces, litharge of !

are broken. ing nature.

cleanses

It is of

them when they

a most excellent ripen-

Emplaistrum Diaphcenicon Take of yellow

hot.

Wax

two

Per-Rozin, Pitch, of each four ounce's, Oil of Roses and Nard, of each one ounce, melt them together, and add pulp of Dates made in Wine four ounces, flesh of boiled in red Wine an ounce, then Gold in fine powder one pound, Turpentine Quinces the powders take of Bread following three ounces, Per-Rozin, yellow Wax, of twice baked, steeped in Wine and dried, each two ounces, boil the oil with the inustwo ounces, Mastich an ounce, Frankinsilages and juices to the consumption of the cense Wormwood, red Roses, Spikenard, humidity, strain the oil from the faces, and of each two drams and an half, Wood of by adding the Litharge boil it to its con- Aloes, Mace, washed Aloes, Acacia, Myrrh, sistence; then add the Rozin and Wax; Troches of Gallia Moschata, and Earth of lastly, it being removed from the fire, add Lemnos, Calamus Aromaticus, of each one the Turpentine, CEsypus and Birdlime, Labdanum three ounces, mix them make of them a plaister by melting them dram, and make them into a plaister according to according to art. ?

ounces,

i

|

i

It dissolves

Culpeper.~]

:

art.

hardness and in-

Culpeper.]

flammations.

and

magnum cum Gwnmi. of Bdellium, Sagapenum, Take College.] of two ounces, dissolved each Amoniacum, Diachylon

in Wine, and added to the mass of Diachyfirst boil the lon magnum gums being disof to the thickness solved, Honey. This is the best to dissolve Culpeper] hard swellings of all the three.

it

It

strengthens

apply

to the places grieved.

Diaphcenicon College.']

Take of Wax

Pitch five ounces,

:

the stomach

liver exceedingly, helps fluxes,

and an

cold.

four ounces, Ship three ounces

Labdanum

Turpentine an ounce and an half, Oil of Roses one ounce, melt these, I and add pulp of Dates almost ripe, boiled sive in austere Wine four ounces, flesh of e Emplaistrum Diachylon composition, | Quinces in like manner boiled, Bread twice Mussilaginibus. A Plaister of baked often steeped in red Wine and dried, Or, Mussilages. of Take each an ounce, Styrax Calamitis, Acacia, of the of mussilages College.] middle bark of Elm, Marsh-mallow roots, unripe Grapes, Balaustines, yellow Sanders, Linseed, and Fenugreek seed, of each four troches of Terra Lemnia, Myrrh, Wood of ounces and an half, oil of Chamomel, Lilies, Aloes, of each half an ounce, Mastich, red and Dill, of each an ounce and an half, Roses, of each an ounce and an half, austere half,

5

I

|

j I

| | 1

Ammoniacum, Galbanum, Sagapen, Opo- Wine as much as is sufficient to dissolve the panax, of each half an ounce, new Wax juices, make it into a plaister according to 5

twenty ounces, Turpentine two ounces, Saffron two drams, dissolve the Gums in Wine, ana make it into a plaister according to art. Culpeper.~\

art.

s

I

It

ripens

swellings,

and

It strengthens the belly and Culpeper.] in those parts, and concoction liver, helps distribution of humours, stays vomiting and

'fluxes.

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

371

I found this receipt in an Emplastrum Divinum. Culpepcr.'] A Divine Plaster. jold manuscript written in the year 1513. T Take of Loadstone four ounces, the quantity of the ingredients very little College.] three ounces and three altered. Ammoniacum Plaster of Gum Elemi. drams, Bdellium two ounces, Galbanum, each ten Olibanum of nine Take of Gum Elemi three drams, Myrrh, College.] Per drams, Opopanax, Mastich, long Birthwort, ounces, Rozin, Wax, Ammoniacuni, Verdigris, of each an ounce, Litharge, of each two ounces, Turpentine three common Oil, of each a pound and an half, ounces and an half, Mallaga Wine so much new Wax eight ounces: let the Litharge injas is sufficient: boil it to the consumption fine powder be boiled with the oil to a of the Wine, then add the Ammoniacuni thickness, then add the Wax, which being dissolved in Vinegar. melted, take it from the fire, add the Gums Culpeper] The operation is the same dissolved in Wine aiitl Vinegar, strain it, with drceus Liniment, A Plaister of Lapis Calaminaris. then add the Myrrh, Mastich, Frankinin Loadstone and Take of Lapis Calaminaris cense, Birthwort, powder, College.'] last of all the Verdigris in powder, and prepared an ounce, Litharge two ounces Ceruss half an ounce, Tutty a dram, Turmake it into a plaster according to art. is of a cleansing nature, It pentine six drams, white Wax an ounce Culpeper."] land an half, Stag's Suet two ounces, Frankexceeding good against malignant ulcers, it consumes corruption, engenders new! incense five drams, Mastich three drams, flesh, and brings them to a scar. Myrrh two 'drams, Camphire a dram and ian half, make it up according to art. Emplastrum Epispasticum. Take of Mustard seed, Euphor-j Emplastrum ad Herniam. College.] dram one and Take of Galls, Cypress Nuts, bium, long Pepper, of each College.'] an half, Stavesacre, Pell itory of Spain of Pomegranate Pills, Balaustines, Acacia, each two drams, Ammoniacum, Galbanum, the seeds of Plantain, Fleawort, WaterPhellium, Sagapen, of each three drams, cresses, Acorn Cups, Beans terrified, Birthwhole Cantharides five drams, Ship Pitch, wort long and round, Myrtles of each half Rozin, yellow Wax, of each six drams, Jan ounce. Let these be powdered, and \

i

Or, m

*

r*

*

f*

-

I

**

A

!

j

j

j

\

\ ;

j

j

{

| |

\

\

1

!

\

j

make

steeped in Rose Vinegar four days, then Uorrified and dried, then take of Comfrey Many people use to draw j the greater and lesser, Horsetail, Woad, CulpeperJ] blisters in their necks for the tooth ache, or Cetrach, the roots of Osmond Royal, Fearn, for rheums in their eyes ; if they please to j of each an ounce, Frankincense, Myrrh, Aloes, Mastich, Mummy, of each two lay a plaster of this there, it will do it. j Flos Ungiientorum \ ounces, Bole-ammoniac washed in Vinegar, Emplastrum a nostratibus,

Turpentine as much as it into a plaster.

is

sufficient to

|

j

Dictum. Or, Flower of Ointments. Take of Rozin, Per Rozin, College.'] a yellow Wax, Sheep's Suet, of each half

JLap, Calaminaris prepared, Litharge of Gold, Dragon's blood, of each three ounces, Ship Pitch two pounds, Turpentine six '

j

ounces, or as much as is sufficient to make to art. it into a plaster according pound, Olibanum four ounces, Turpentine The two ounces and an half, Myrrh, Mastich, \ plaster is very binding Culpeper] of each an ounce, Camphire two drams, and knitting, appropriated to ruptures or white Wine half a pound, boil them into a burstens, as the title of it specifies, it [strengthens the reins and womb, slays plaster 5 c j *

i

j

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

3T2

abortion, it consolidates wourds, and helps all diseases coming of cold and moisture.

Emplasirum Hystericum. College.']

Take of

Bistort

Emplastrum de Meliloto compositum.

j

Plaster of Melilot

College.]

\

roots

A

compound. Take of Melilot flowers one {drams, Chamomel flowers, the seeds Or,

Wood

six

of

of Aloes, yellow Sanders, Fenugreek, Bay berries husked, MarshNutmegs, Barberry Kernels, Rose seeds, mallow roots, the tops of Wormwood and of each one ounce, Cinnamon, Cloves, Marjoram, of each three drams, the seeds j Squinanth, Chamomel flowers, of each half [of Smallage, Amrni, Cardamoms, the roots an ounce, Frankincense, Mastich, Aliptajof Orris, Cypress, Spikenard, Cassia Lignea, Moschata, Gallia Moschata, Styrax Gala- of each one dram and an half, Bdellium beat them all into fine powder, mitis, of each one dram, Mosch half a dram, five drams yellow Wax one pound and an half, Tur- the pulp of twelve Figs, and incorporate pentine half a pound, Moschaeleum four j them with a pound and an half of Melilot ounces, Labdanum four pounds, Ship Pitch plaster simple, Turpentine an ounce and an

pound,

|

\

j

*

:

i

\

pounds let the Labdanum and Tur- half, Ammoniacum dissolved in Hemlock pentine be added to the Pitch and Wax, Vinegar, three ounces, Styrax five drams, being melted, then the Styrax, lastly the oil of Marjoram, and Nard, of each half rest in powder, and sifted, that they may an ounce, or a sufficient quantity, make it be made into a plaster according to art. into a plaster vrith a hot mortar and pestle, three

:

(

The

without boiling.

to

Cidpeper.] plaster being applied the navel, is a means to withstand the fits of the mother in such women as are subject to them, by retaining the womb in its place. Emplastrum de Mastich. Plaster of Mastich. Or, College] Take of Mastich three ounces,

Culpeper.~\

It mollifies the hardness of

the stomach, liver, spleen, bowels, and other it wonderfully assuages parts of the body eases and pain, hypochondriac melancholy, and the rickets. Emplastrum de minio compositum. Bole-ammoniac washed in black Wine, an Or, A Plaster of red Lead compound. ounce and an half, red Roses six drams, Take of Oil of Roses omphaCollege.] Ivory, Myrtle Berries, red Coral, of each cine twenty ounces, oil of Mastich two half an ounce, Turpentine, Colophonia, \ ounces, Suet of a Sheep and a Calf, of each Tachamahacca, Labdanum, of each two half a pound, Litharge of Gold and Silver, ounces, yellow Wax half a pound, Oil of red Lead, of each two ounces, a taster full Myrtles four ounces make it into a plaster of Wine : boil them by a gentle fire conaccording to art. tinually stirring it till it grow black, let the It is a Culpeper] binding plaster, fire be hottest towards the latter end, then strengthens the stomach being applied to it, add Turpentine half a pound, Mastich two and helps such as loath their victuals, or ounces, Elemi one ounce, white Wax as cannot digest it, or retain it till it be much as is sufficient boil them a little, and :

A

:

Gum

:

digested.

make them

into a plaster according to art. It potently cures wounds, Culpeper.~\

;

Emplastrum de Meliloto Simplex.

A

Plaster of Melilot simple. old malignant ulcers, and is very drying. of Take Rozin Emplastrum de minio Simplicius. College.'] eight pounds, Wax four Plaster of red Lead simple, Or, yellow pounds, Sheep's Suet two pounds : these being melted, add green College] Take of red Lead nine ounces, Melilot cut small, five pounds: make it; Oil of red Roses one pound and an half, into a plaster according to art. Wine Vinegar six ounces, boil it

Or,

.

i

i;

A

[white

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. into the perfect

body of a plaster. It is without prepared Vinegar, thus: take of red Lead one pound, Oil of Roses one pound and an

half,

Wax

half a pound,

make

it

into a plaster according to art. It is

Culpeper.]

a fine cooling healing

and make them

373

into a plaster according to

art.

Culpeper.~\

It strengthens the brain

and

and then being applied to the back, down along the bone, it must needs add nerves,

strength to the body.

plaster, and very drying. Emplastrum Oxycroceum. Take of Saffron, Ship-pitch, College.'} Emplastrum Metroproptoticon. Take of Mastich one ounce Colophonia, yellow Wax, of each four College^] and an half, Galbanum dissolved in red ounces, Turpentine, Galbanum, AmmoniaWine and strained, six drams, Cypress Tur- cum, Myrrh, Olibanum, Mastich, of each one ounce and three drams. Let the Pitch pentine two drams, Cypress Nuts, Galls, of and Colophonia be melted together, then, each one dram and an half, oil of Nutmegs add the Wax, then (it being removed from by expression one dram, Musk two grains the fire) the Turpentine, afterwards the and an half, Pitch scraped off from old Gums dissolved in Vinegar, lastly the Safships two drains and an half; beat the Gal- fron in powder, well mixed with Vinegar, banum, Pitch, Turpentine, and Mastich and so make it into a plaster according to gently in a hot rnortar and pestle, towards

the end, adding the Oil of Nutmegs, then the rest in powder, last of all the Musk mixed with a little Oil of Mastich upon a

marble, and by exact mixture into a plaster.

make them

Emplastrum Nervmnm. College.']

Culpeper.]

W

in

of a notable softening

sipates cold swellings.

ounces, Galbanum, Sagapen, Ammoniacum, of each three drams; boil the roots, herbs, and worms, in a pound and an half of Wine till half be consumed, then press them out, and boil the decoction again with the Oils, Suets, Litharge, and red Lead, to the consumption of theT Wine: then add the Gums dissolved in ine, afterwards the Turpen-

Rozin, Pilch, and Mastich,

It is

and discussing quality, helps broken bones, and any part molested with cold, old aches, stiffness of the limbs by reason of wounds, ulcers, fractures, or dislocations, and dis-

Take of Oil of Chamomel and

Roses, of each two ounces, of Mastich, Turpentine, and Linseeds, of each an ounce and an half, Turpentine boiled four ounces, Rosemary, Bettony, Horsetail, Centaury the less, of each a handful, Earth-worms washed and cleansed in Wine three ounces, tops of St. John's Wort a handful, Mastich, Gum Elemi, Madder roots, of each ten drams, Ship-pitch, Rozin, of each an ounce and an half, Litharge of Gold and Silver, of each two ounces and an half, red Lead two

tine,

art.

powders

Emplastrum Stephaniaion, College."]

Take of Labdanum

half an

ounce, Styrax, Juniper Gum, of each two drams, Amber, Cypress, Turpentine, of each one dram, red Coral, Mastich, of each half a dram, the flowers of Sage, red Roses, the roots of Orris Florentine, of each one scruple, Rozin washed in Rosewater half an ounce, the Rozin, Labdanum l

Gum, and Turpentine, being gently beaten in a hot mortar, with a hot pestle, Crinkling in a few drops of red Wine till they are in a body; then put in the powJuniper

ders, and by diligent stirring make into an exact plaster. Emplastrum Sticticum*

them

Take of Oil of Olives six College.'] ounces, yellow Wax an ounce and an half, an Litharge in powder four ounces and half of each Bdellium, half, Ammoniacum, an ounce, Galbanum, Opopanax Oil of

THE COMPLETE HERBAL.

374

Bays, Lapis Calaminaris, both sorts of Myrrh, Frankincense, of each two drarns, pure Turpentine an ounce. Let the Oil, Wax, and Litharge be boiled together till it stick not to your fingers, then the mass being removed from the fire and cooled a little, and the Gums dissolved in white Wine Vinegar, which evaporate away by boiling, strain it strongly, then add the powders, Turpentine, and Oil of Bays, that \ it may be made into a plaster according to

\

Birtlrwort,

i

\

1

j

i

or faces of liquid Styrax, Bdellium, of each one dram, Litharge half a dram, It is of a gentle emolient CulpeperJ] nature, prevails against stoppings of the stomach, coming of cold, hardness of the spleen, coldness of the liver and matrix,

Emplastrum Gratia Dei. Nich. Or the Grace of God. Take of Turpentine half College.']

\

\ \

a

pound, Rozin one pound, white Wax four ounces, Mastich an ounce, fresh Betony, art. Vervain, and Burnet, of each one handful. It the nerves, Let the herbs, being bruised, be sufficiently strengthens Culpeper.] draws out corruption, takes away pains and boiled in white Wine, the liquor pressed aches, and restores strength to members that out, in which let the Wax and Rozin be boiled to the consumption of the liquor have lost it the last is most effectual. { bein g taken from the fire let the Turpentine Emplastrum Stomachicum Magistrate. be mixed w h jt astl the Mastich in y_ Or, A Stomach Plaster. } -,.-. .ITT ~, j rp powder, and so make of them a plaster \

\

{

5

!

:

:

>

\

/

i

,

-,

,.

Take of Mints, Wormwood, College.] Stoachas, Bay leaves, of each a dram, Mar-

'

'

}>. '

ccordi

to art n ,"

n j is excellent good in wounds i i, c f Culpeper.l J It * of , each ., red Roses, yellow banders, , a Jloram, an green ulcers, c for it keeps back inflam, Woodi orc\ .Calamus Aromaticus, \\r i two drams, ^ j n mations, cleanses and loins wounds, fills up TVT n Aloes, Lavender flowers, Nutmegs,nCubebs, tllCcl o W1L11 fl iJv r>ll. s~* i -\ir , /. Galanga, Pepper, Mace, ot each ai ^ , 7 D BTV/T long; de Janua, or of Betony. A u *i rii Emplastrum two three Cloves drams, dram, Mastich N' h drams and an half, Oil of Mints an ounce ? 7I rp i c Jj r -r Take of the jmice of 11/-vi TAT /-k-i A College.] , c Betony, Oil ot JNard an ounce, Oil ot \ andj an half, and omallage, ofr each one pound, o ., T> iir f i. c \ Plantain, Spike a dram, Rozin Wax, of each fourj t[ pitch Uozin f T ounces, Labdanum three ounces Styrax hdf and Rozin in Qund make it into a plaster. lialt an ounce n , ^ T, ,, ,, f the mices with a gentle fire, continually Both this and the of other iCulpeper.\ M1 ,,? ^ * _4. t ^ ni j, stirnno; them till the mice be consumed ; that name which you shall have by and by, ,1 .> j m T>-.1.1. iT u J* ! then add the Turpentine and Pitch, constreno-then the stomach exceeding-Iy, i ' help u r tinually stirring; it till it be brought into +the & ^ *?. ,. and digestion stay r i jJ vomiting;. consistence of a plaster according to art. Ceroneum. Emplastrum Ceroma, or, Emplastrum Isis Epigoni. Galen. Nich. Alex. College.] Take of yellow Wax an hunTake of Pitch scraped from a dred drams, Turpentine two hundred drams, College.~\ Ship that hath been a long time at Sea, scales of Copper, Verdigris, round Birthyellow Wax, of each seven drams, Saga-| wort, Frankincense, Sal-ammoniac, Ammopenum six drams, Ammoniacum, Turpen- \ niacum, burnt brass of each eight drams, tine, Colophonia, Saffron, of each four | burnt Alum six drams, Aloes, Myrrh, Galdrams, Aloes, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each banum, of each an ounce and a half, old three drams, Styrax Calamitis, Mastich, Oil one pound, sharp Vinegar so much as Opopanax, Galbanum, Alum, the seeds of [is sufficient. Let the metals be dissolved Fenugreek, of each two drams, the settlings in the sun with the Vinegar, then put iii i

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. those things that may be melted, last of all the powders, and make them all into an

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Turpentine, last of all the Colophonia, Mastich, Frankincense, Bdellium, Alum,

Myrrh, and Fenugreek in powder let Galen it to the ! them be made into a Culpeper.~] appropriates plaster, I know no reason \ It head, and ulcers there. Culpeper.~\ strengthens the stomach, but why it may as well serve for other parts and helps digestion.

emplaster.

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of the body. Plaster of Mastich. Nich. Alex. Take of Pitch, Mastich, Ship 1 College.'] / J six of each Wax, drams, Sagapenum,

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Emplastrum Nigrum. August. Called in High Dutch Stichstaster. Take of Colophonia, Rozin, A College.'] white roman Pitch, Wax, Vitriol, Ship IL/

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Ceruss, Olibanum, Myrrh, of each eight ounces, Oil of roses seven ounces, Oil of Juniper Berries three ounces, Oil of Eggs two ounces, Oil of Spick one ounce, white we for Fenuand Vitriol, red Coral, Mummy, of each two Bitumen, him) points, each two feces of of the ounces, Earth of Lemnos, Mastich, Dragon's drams, greek, each of blood, of each one ounce, the fat of an Liquid Styrax, Bdellium, Litharge, one ounce, the fat of Pimullus three Heron half a dram Let the Litharge, being beaten into powder, be boiled in a sufficient quan- ounces, Load stone prepared, two ounces, then add the pitch, which Earthworms prepared, Camphire, of each tity of water add the Wax and Ammoni- one ounce ; make them into a plaster acbeing melted,

Ammoniacum,

Turpentine, Colophonia, Saffron, Aloes, Frankincense, Myrrh, of each three drams, Opopanax, Galbanum, Styrax, Calamitis, Alum, (Rondeletius ap-

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A KEY TO

METHOD OF

GALEN'S

PHYSIC.

The general use of physic. the whole ground and foundation of physic) I SHALL desire thee, whoever thou art, are totally led astray by Tradition. that intendest the noble (though too much! It is the manifest qualities of medicines of here I am to speak to, and you may be to mind that abused) study physic, needfully \ ihese folio wing rules which being well un-i pleased to behold it in this order, derstood, shew thee the Key of Galen and he Hippocrates their method of physic that useth their method, and is not heedful SECTION. 1. Of the Temperature of of these rules, may soon cure one disease, Medicines. and cause another more desperate. That thou mayest understand what I{ SECTION. 2. Of the appropriation of \ |

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intend, it is to discover in a general way of \ the manifest virtues of medicines. {SECTION. 3. I say of the manifest virtues, and qualities, j viz. Such as are obvious to the senses, \ for it I especially to the taste and smell hath been the practice of most Physicians, in these latter ages as well as ours, to say,

Medicines.

Of the

Properties of Medicines

:

when they cannot give, nor are minded to *tudy a reason, why an herb, plant, &c.

Of

SECTION

I.

the Temperature of Medicines.

Herbs, plants, and other medicines manifestly operate, either by heat, coldness, dryness, or moisture, for the world being cornand only posed of so many qualities, they the in found be world, and the they can with another, ingwhatbelongstoastro/w/?//fHce,notregard- j mixtures of them one But that they may appear as clear as the ing that excellent harmony the only wise God hath made in a eomposition of con- sun when he is upon the meridian, I shall traries fin the knowledge of which consists treat of them severally, and in this order

hath such an operation, or produces such an effect in the body of man It doth it by an hidden quality, for they not minding the whole creation, as one united body, not know-

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. Of Medicines temperate. Of Medicines hot. Of Medicines cold. Of Medicines moist. Of Medicines dry.

1.

2.

3. 4. 5.

jand vigour, and may be used without danger, or fear of danger, by considering whfh \ part of the body is weak, and using such \

\

temperate medicines as are appropriated

\

that part.

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Of Medicines hot. care of the ancient Physicians was such that they did not labour to hide from but impart to posterity, not only the temThe

Medicines Temperate. If the world be composed of extremes, then it acts by extremes, for as the man is, so is his work therefore it is impossible

Of

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77

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perature of medicines in general, but also

:

anv medicine can be temperate, but; their degrees in temperature, that so the may be reduced to heat, cold, dryness, or distempered part may be brought to its moisture, and must operate, (I mean such as temperature, and no further; for all things operate by manifest quality) by one of these, which are of a contrary temperature, coiibecause there is no other to operate by, and cluce not to cure, but the strength of the that there should be such a temperate mix- contrariety must be observed, that so the ture, so exquisitely of these qualities in any medicine may be neither weaker nor strongmedicine, that one of them should notjer, than just to take away the distemper; manifestly excel the other, I doubt it is a for if the distemper be but meanly hot, and you apply a medicine cold in the fourth system too rare to find. Thus then I conclude the matter to be degree, it is true, you may soon remove that those Medicines are called temperate (not distemper of heat, and bring another ot because they have excess of temperature cold twice as bad. Galen, de simp, med.facul. at all in them) which can neither be said, \lib.3. cap. 12. to heat nor cool so much as will amount to Then, secondly, Not only the distemper the first degree of excess, for daily expe- itself, but also the part of the body disrience witnesses that they being added to tempered must be heeded for if the head medicines, change not their qualities, they be distempered by heat, and you give such make them neither hotter nor colder. medicines as cool the heart or liver, you will Their ust,. in are used such disThey bring another disease, and not cure the is there no manifest former. where eases distemper The degrees then of temperature are to of the first qualities, viz. heat and cold, In obstruction of the bowels, be diligently heeded, which antient physifor example where cold medicines might make the ob- cians have concluded to be four in the qualistruction greater, and hot medicines cause a ties, viz. heat and cold, of each we shall fever. speak a word or two severally. In fevers of flegm, where the cause is Of Medicines hot in the Jirst degree. Those are said to be hot in the first deand hot the effect and and cold moist, dry; which induce a moderate and natural which in such, use temperate medicines may gree, neither encrease the fever by their heat, heat to the body, and to the parts thereof; that

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nor condensate the flegm by their coldness. Besides, because contraries are taken

away by

their contraries,

and every

like

by nature, or cooled by accident, natural heat is cherished when which by when wanting, restored or weak,

either cold \ ;

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The first effect then of mcdiEffect 1. they arc of great: hot in the first degree, is, by their use, to preserve the constitution of the body \ cines and temperate heat to reduce the sweat in itself and the strength body temperate,

maintained by

its

like,

*

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

378

natural heat, as the fire doth the! external parts in cold weather, unless the affliction of cold be so great that such mild medicines will not serve the turn. The second effect is, the mitiEffect 2.

appropriated to, or by not heeding well the complexion of the patient, or the natural temper of the part of the body afflicted, for the heart is hot, but the brain temperate. Lastly, Medicines hot in the Effect 4. a gation of pain arising from such distemper, first degree, cherish heat in the internal and indeed this effect hath other medicines, j parts, help concoction, breed good blood,

body tons

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some that are cold, and some that are than the

first

hotter

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in temper, being bred, Medicines hot in the second degree

Of

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good

These medicines These are something hotter than the the Greeks call Anodyna, and shall be spo- natural te mper of a man. ken of in their proper places. In thisj Us> Their use for such whose stomachs applied to the distemper.

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that medicines hot in the are with mo i sture , because their filled j the offending humours degree, too hot and dry . tney take away is faculty or insensible thin, and expel them by sweat, obstructions or stoppings, open the pores j transpiration, and these of all others arej of the skjn> but not in lhe same manner most congruous or agreeable to the body of that uch do as are hot in the first degree man, for there is no such equal temperature for they do it without force , by a gentle heat of heat and cold in a sound man, but heat concoct i ng? an d expelling the humours, by exceeds, for we live by heat and moisture, | h e strengt ning and helping nature in the and not by cold. work these cut tough humours, and but j Medicines then which are hot in the first scatter t } iem by their own force and power degree, are such as just correspond to the j when nature cannot natural heat of our bodies ; such as are

place first

let it suffice

make

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more

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subject to do mis-

Medicines hot

in the

third

Those which attain the third degree ot chief, being * administered by an unskilful lltrtt* have TV LI 1 , same faculties OCIIJ.JI/ JClVvCllLlV^O with 111 WOO IL1V> those heat, lid V \> the hand, than these are, because of their con- before mentioned but as th e hott J 1

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Thirdly, These take away and Effects. weariness, and help fevers, being outwardly applied, because they open the pores of the j sk,n, and by their gentle heat prepare &c humours and take away those fuliginous vapours that are caused by fevers. i

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Yet

mayJ discommo-

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. Medicines cold in the first degree. j least cold of and all, obtain the first degree of coldness I beseech you take notice of this, that seeing our bodies are nourished by heat, and j we live by heat, therefore no cold medi- \ cines are friendly to the body, but what

Of

Those medicines which are

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good they do our bodies, they doit by removing an unnatural heat, or the body 1 heated above it natural temper. to a medicines of cold then The giving man in his natural temper, the season of j the year also being but moderately hot, exnatural heat in the body of man. linguistics these a necessary use in them have Yet too, though not so frequent as hot medi- j cines have; and that may be_the reason why an all wise God hath furnished us with far more hot herbs and plants, &c. than

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Use

1.

Their use

is first,

in nourishment,

in the second

the

remedy

or third degree, always let correspond to the just propor-

tion of the affliction.

Use 3. Thirdly, Sometimes the spirits are moved inordinately through heat, thence follows immoderate watchings, if not deprivation of the senses, this also must be remedied with cold medicines, for cold stops the pores of the skin, makes the

humours

thick, represses sweat, and keeps the spirits from fainting, up Qf Medicines cold in the fourth degree.

The uge of medicines co|d jn the fourth degree? j Sj TO mitigate desperate and rehement pains, stupifying the senses, when

j^j^

no other course can De ta k en to gave O f tne use of which more hereafter

] ife

.

moistening Medicines. There can be no such difference found amongst moistening medicines, that they should surpass the second degree. For seeing all medicines are either hot or cold,

Of

may be qualified, a weak stomach to digest. neither heat nor cold, seeing they are exUse 2. Secondly, To restrain and assuage can consist with moisture, for the the heat of the bowels, and to cool the tremes, one dries it up, the other condensates it. blood in fevers. Use. Phylosophers therefore call moisTherefore if the distemper of heat be but and ture dryness, passive qualities, yet have cold in the first degree gentle, medicines for moist their operation likewise also children, and such people they will suffice make and lenifies medicines slippery ease whose stomachs are weak, are easily hurt | the cough, and help the roughness of the by cold medicines. These operations are proper to throat. Of Medicines cold in tht second and third medicines moist in the first degree. that so the heat of food

and made

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and

1.

Such whose stomachs are

livers hot,

may

easily bear

Those which strong,

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e heat of choier

& ^f^^'gJ^jJ^JJJJ

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strength j

humours

moister, take away help the sharpnes:

are

make

thlcker ' looses the

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dulls the

or indiscreet use of them

body, and makes

it

unfit for action.

Medicines.

Of *3W* assuaged. have contrary tacult medicines Drying Use 2. Also they are outwardly applied \ To consume viz. moisture, stop to hot swellings, due consideration being {to these, such make and parts dry as are had, that if the inflammation be not great, j fluxes, the make body and members use those that are less ; if the inflammation { slippery, they too much be vehement, make use of medicines cold | firm, when they are weakened by 5 E is

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

380

moisture, that so they may perform their proper functions. Yet although the members be strengthened by drying medicines, ihey have not-

withstanding their

own proper moisture

them, which ought

to

SECTION Of

the

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and use of these medicines may be found out, and understood by every one, and so my country reap the benefit of my labour, they shall find them That the

and

this

may be done by

qualities

presented to their view in this order. Medicines appropriated. 1.

\

2.

\

3. 4.

brings them into consumption. Besides, There is a certain moisture in I the body of man, which is called radical moisture, which being taken away, the parts must needs die, seeing natural heat and life it,

appropriation of Medicines to ihc several parts of the body.

in

be conserved, and not for without it destroyed, they cannot consist If then this moisture be consumed by using, or rather over use of drying medicines, the members can neither be nourished, nor yet perform their proper actions. Such medicines as are dry in the third degree, being unadvisedly given, hinder the parts of the body they are appropriated to, of their nourishment, and by that means j

also consists in

II.

5. 6. 7. 8.

9.

To To To To To To To To To

the head. the breast

and lungs

the heart. the stomach.

the liver. the spleen. the reins and bladder. the

womb.

the joints.

I

too frequent use of medicines dry in the? fourth degree : And it may be this was the j reason of Galen's writing, that things dry j in the fourth degree, must of necessity burn which is an effect of heat, and not of dryj ness, unless by burning, Galen means con- j suming the radical moisture. The use then of drying medicines, is only to such bodies, and parts of the body, as abound with moisture, in which observe! these rules. 1. If the moisture be not exteme, let not j

CHAPTER

I.

Medicines appropriated to the head. [head] is usually understood all that part of the body which is between the top of the crown, and the uppermost joint ot the neck, yet are those medicines properly called Cephalical, which are appropriated to the brain, not to the eyes, ears, nor teeth; neither are those medicines which are j proper to the ears, proper also to the eyes, the medicine be extremely drying. therefore (my intent being to write as plain 3. Let it be proper to the part of the| as I can) I shall subdivide this chapter into body afflicted, for if the liver be afflicted j these parts. by moisture, and you go about to dry the | Medicines appropriated brain or heart, you may sooner kill than \ ;

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Thus have we

1.

2.

To the brain. To the eyes To the mouth, and To the ears. To the teeth.

briefly spoken of the first | nostrils. 3. and in the general? of medicines, qualities 4. only, and but briefly, because we shall { 5. always touch upon them in the exposition j of the olher qualities, in which you must \ For what medicines are appropriated alwa ys have an eye to these. an unruly tongue, is not in my power present to determine.

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

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Some Cephalics purge the brain, sonic Of Medicines appropriated to the brain. Before we treat of medicines appropriated heat it, some cool it, some strengthen it; to the brain, it is requisite that we describe but how they perform this office peculiarly what the nature and affection of the brain to the brain, most physicians confess thev is. could neither comprehend by reason, nor The brain which is the seat of appre- describe by precepts, only thus, they do it hension, judgment, and memory, the origi- by an hidden quality, either by strengthennal of sense and motion, is by nature tern- ing the brain, thereby descending it from perate, and if so, then you will grant me | diseases, or by a certain antipathy between that it may easily be afflicted both by heat' them and the diseases incident to the brain, and cold, and it is indeed more subject to Lastly, For the use of Cephalics, obof than affliction by either them, any other serve, if the brain be much afflicted, you part of the body, for if it be afflicted by cannot well strengthen it before you have \

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heat, sense and reason, it is immoderately purged it, neither can you well purge the moved, if by cold, they languish, and are brain before you have cleansed the rest of dulled, to pass by other symptoms which the body, it is so subject to receive the invade the head, if the brain be altered vapours up to it give cooling Cephalics when the brain is too hot, and hot Cephalics from its proper temper. | Also this is peculiar to the brain, that it when it is too cold. Beware of using cooling medicines to is delighted or offended by smells, sights, brain when the crisis of a disease is the and sounds, but I shall meddle no further with these here, because they are not medi- near how that time may be known, I shall j |

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me) instruct you hereafter, now, that according as thedisafflicting your head is, so let your remedy be.

(God

cines.

let it Cephalical Medicines may be found out ease from the affections of the brain itself. The f I

brain is usually oppressed with moisture in such afflictions ; therefore give such medi-j cincs as very gently warm, cleanse, cut, and dry: but witha-1, let them be such as are to 1

j

assisting

suffice

Of

Medicines appropriated

Take such medicines

to the eyes.

as are appropriated

the eyes under the name of (Ocular I do it partly to avoid multipliappropriated to the head, such as physi- j Medicines) cians say (by an hidden quality) strengthen city of words, and partly to instruct my the terms of art belonging 1 countrymen in the brain. would have called them situation the Again, if you consider ofjto physic, (I had not the word been trouthe brain, you shall find it placed in the \ [Ophthalmics] therefore it is | blesome to the reading, much more to the highest part of the body, as I even vapours: this* understanding of a countryman) easily afflicted with hot vapours medicines such called now headand man with [Cephalics] a$ watching punishes a brain. the lo and were appropriated ache, as the former did with sottishness medicines are two-fold, viz. such Ocular use such cases in such Cephalecs sleepiness, as are referred to the visive virtues, and such as gently cool the brain. To make Cephalecs of Narcoticks, or j as are referred to the eyes themselves, Such as strengthen the visive virtue or is not my intent, for* stupifying medicines, the are inimical both to ! I am confident optick nerves which convey it to the I

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brain

and

senses.

medicines as also

speak by and by.

and such eyes (say Doctors) do it by an hidden j into the reason which no man can purge the brain, I shall virtue,

Of

these,

i

To

return to

my

purpose.

dive, unless they should fetch

it

from the

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

382

similitude of the substance And yet they they are of themselves very dry, therefore say a Goat's liver conduces much to make \ they require medicines which dry much, Medicines appropriated to the teeth. one see in the night, and they give this Goats see as Vehement well in the heat, and vehement cold, are reason, because Yet is there no affi- inimical to the teeth, but they are most of as in the day. :

;

night nity in temperature nor substance between all offended by sharp and sour things, and However Astro- the reason is, because they have neither the liver and the eyes well enough that all herbs, skin nor flesh to cover them, they delight in logers know are under the dominion of) such medicines as are cleansing and bindthat &e. plants, either sun or moon, and appropriated to ing, because they are troubled with dej thehead, be they hot or cold they strengthen fluxions and rheums upon every light octhe visive virlue, as Eyebright, which is hot I casion ; and that's the reason the common and sweet things, soon rots the J use of fat Limaria, or Moonwort which is cold. teeth. the constituto what As for appertains tion of the eyes themselves, seeing they are exact in sense, they will not endure the least inconvenience, therefore such medi:

j

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CHAPTER

outwardly applied to them the visive (for such medicines as strengthen virtues are always given inwardly) let them neither hurt by their hardness nor gnawing that they should quality, nor be so tough Therefore let ocular medistick to them. cines be neither in powders nor ointments, because oil itself is offensive to the eyes, and how pleasing powders are to them, you may perceive yourself by just going cines

as

are

Of

II.

Medicines appropriated to the breast

and

lungs.

The medicines appropriated and lungs, you by the name of

to the breast

shall find called all [pectorals'] that's

along

the term

Physicians give them, when you heat them talk of pectoral Syrups, pectoral rows, or

pectoral Ointments. They are divers, some of which regard the part afflicted, others the matter afflict-

into the dust.

Medicines appropriated to the mouth and nose. Apply no stinking medicine to a disease in the nose, for such offend not only the nose, but also the brain ; neither administer medicines of any ill taste to a disease in the mouth, for that subverts the stomach, be-, cause the tunicle of the mouth and of the

';

ing.

But although sometimes

in ulcers of the to are forced use lungs, binding medito the cines, ulcer, yet are not these join called pectorals, because binding medicines are extreme hurtful to the breast and lungs, both because they hinder one's fetching his

we

stomach is the same and because both breath, and also because they hinder the mouth and nostrils are ways by which the avoiding that flegm by which the breast is :

cleansed, therefore are they in- oppressed, Such medicines are called pectorals, fected with such vices as need almost con- \ tinual cleansing, and let the medicines youj which are of a lenifying nature, Besides, Those which make thin matter apply to them be either pleasant, or at| are of two sorts, wz. Some ate mild thicker not | least, ingrateful.

brain

is

\ and Medicines appropriated to the ears. gentle, which may safely be administed, The ears are easily afflicted by cold, I be the matter hot or cold which ofFendeth ; because they are always open, therefore j others are very cold, which are used only they require hot medicines. And because when the matter offending is sharp. '

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

383

But because such medicines

as conduce will easily grant me, that it is the property j the to the cure of phthisics (which is an! of cordials to administer to the heart in these ulceration of the lungs, and the disease \ particulars. Of Cordials, some cheer the mind, some usually called, the consumption of the in amongst pec- strengthen the heart, and refresh the are also reckoned lungs,) spirits toral,s it is not amiss to speak a word or thereof, being decayed, two of them. Those which cheer the mind, are not one In the cure of this disease are three { and the same for as the heart is variously }

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be regarded. To cut and bring away

things to 1.

disturbed, either the

concreted

blood.

2.

To

cherish

3.

To

conglutmate the ulcer.

and strengthen

the lungs.

And

indeed some particular simples will perform all these, and physicians confess it ; which shews the wonderful mystery the all-wise God hath made in the creation, that one and the same simple should per-

^

by anger, love, fear, hatred, So such things as flatter sadness, &c. lovers or appease the angry, or comfort the or the fearful, please hateful, may well be

cordials; for the heart, seeing [called Si 1 .1 i i ^.

it is

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placed in the middle between the brain

I

and the liver,

j

well

:

is

wrought upon by reason, as

as

by digestion, yet these, because not medicines, are beside my preare they sent scope.

And although it is true, that mirth, love, form two contrary operations on the same a medicine &c. the more are actions, or motions of the mind, for of the body ; part nates. not of the body yet many have been it more cleanses, the congluti To conclude then, Pectoral Medicines! induced to think such affections may be are such as either cut and cleanse out the wrought in the body by medicines. The heart is chiefly afflicted by too much compacted humours from the arteries of the or thin defluxions thick, heat, by poison, and by stinking vapours, lungs, or make temper those that are sharp, help the rough- and these are remedied by the second sort ness of the wind-pipe, or are generally of cordials, and indeed chiefly belong to lenitive and softening, being outwardly ap-jour present scope. According to these three afflictions, viz. plied to the breast. |

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1.

Excessive heat.

2. Poison.

PHAPTFR

Of Medicines appropriated to the heart. These are they which are generally given under the notion of Cordials; take them under that name here.

eanc vapours. Are three kinds of remedies which '

III

cour the j

j

Such 1.

suc-

afflicted heart.

as

By their

cooling nature mitigate the heat

Iqffaxrt.

2. Resist poison. heart is the seal of the vital spirit, the | 3. Cherish the vital spirits when they lanfountain of life, the original of infused heat, man. of affections and of the natural guish. All these are called Cordials, So then these two things are proper to the ! Such as cool the heart in fevers, ye\ heart. is not every thing that cooleth cordial, foi life to cherish its heat 1. By throughout head is colder than gold, yet is not lead ihe body. cordial as gold is, some hold it cordial by 2. To add vigour to the affections. j And if these^be proper to the heart, you a hidden quality, others by reason. 5 t

The

\

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

384 2.

Such

as resist poison; there

is

a two-

1. \

Ibid resisting of poison.

2.

Appetite lost. Digestion weakened.

1. 3. The retentive faculty By an antipathy between the medicine] corrupted. wid poison. When the appetite is lost, the man feels 2. By a sympathy between the medicine and no hunger when his body needs nourishI

the heart.

inent. j

Of

the

first

chapter by

we

itself.

shall

speak

The

latter

When digestion anon, in a? belongs to 1 able to concoct the

weakened it is not meat received into the

is

and they are such medicines, stomach, but it putrifies there. is to When the retentive faculty is spoiled the strengthen the heart, and it the as Rue, Ange- stomach is not able to retain the food till it fortify poison, against For as the operation of the for- be digested, but either vomits it up again, lica, &c. mer is upon the poison, which afflicteth the or causes fluxes. Such medicines then as remedy all these, heart, so the operation of the latter is upon the heart afflicted by the poison. called stomachicals. And of them in jare this chapter,

j

whose nature

\

j

To this class may be referred all such order. medicines as strengthen the heart either by 1. Such as provoke appetite are usually astral influence, or by likeness of substance, of a sharp or sourish taste, and yet withal j if there be such a likeness in medicines, of a grateful taste to the palate, for although for a Bullock's heart is of like substance loss of appetite may proceed from clivers to man's, yet I question whether it be cor- (causes, as from choler in the stomach, or dial or not. putrefied humours or the like, yet such 3. And lastly, Such as refresh the spirits, things as purge this choler or humours, are and make them lively and active, both properly called Orecticks, not stomachicals because they are appropriated to the office, the former strengthen appetite after these and also because they drive stinking and are expelled. 2. Such medicines help digestion as melancholy vapours from the heart, for as the animal spirit be refreshed by fragrant strengthen the stomach, either by convcsmells, and the natural spirits by spices, jnient heat, or aromatic (viz. spicy) faculty, so are the vilal spirits refreshed by all such: by hidden property, orcongruity of nature. medicines as keep back melancholy vapours 3. The retentive faculty of the stomach from the heart, as Borrage, Bugloss, Rose- is corrected by binding medicines, yet not mary, Citron Pills, thecompositions of them, by all binding medicines neither, for some and many others, which this treatise will of them are adverse to the stomach, but amply furnish you with. by such binding medicines as are approprialed to the stomach. j

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P W A PTFR

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Use 1. Use not such medicines as proOf Medicines appropriated to the stomach. \ voke appetite before you have cleansed the By stomachi I mean that ventricle which stomach of what hinders it. contains the food till it be concocted into* Use 2. Such medicines as help digestion. before meat that s< chyle. jgi ve them a good time Medicines appropriated to the stomach j they may pass to the bottom of the stomach, j

are usually called stomachicals. The infirmities usually incident to the stomach are three.

K^or j

tne digestive faculty the food come into it.

Use

3.

lies

there,) before

Such as strengthen the retentive

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. faculty, give them a little before meat, if to stay fluxes, a little after meat, if to stay

|

thus to

much

for the liver, the office of

concoct chyle, (which

is a white substance the stomach digests the food into) into blood, and distributes it, by the veins, to every part of the body, whereby the

vomiting.

CHAPTER

And which

38-3

V.

body

is

is

stored. Of Medicines appropriated to the liver. Be pleased to take these under the name of Hepatics, for that is the usual namej physicians give them, and these also are of

nourished, and decaying flesh re-

?

j

______

CHAPTER

VI.

\

three sorts. 1.

Some

Of the liver

Medicines appropriated

to the spleen.

In the breeding of blood, are three exmost conspicuous, viz. urine, jcrements

in.

is

delighted Others strengthen it. 3. Others help its vices. choler, and melancholy. The palate is the seat of taste, and its The proper seat of choler is in the gall, office is to judge what food is agreeable to The urine passeth down to the reins or ihe stomach, and what not, by that is both kidneys, which is all one. the quality and quantity of food for the' The spleen takes the thickest or melanstomach discerned: the very same office |choly blood to itself, the meseraik veins perform to the liver. This excrement of blood is twofold for Sometimes such food pleases the palate either by excessive heat, it is addust, and which the liver likes not (but not often) this is that the Latins call Atra Bilis: or and therefore the meseraik veins refuse it, else it is thick and earthly of itself, and this and that is the reason some few men fancy properly is called melancholy humour. *>uch food as makes them sick after the; Hence then is the nature of splenical medicines to be found out, and by these eating thereof. 1. The liver is with two is the spleen usually afflicted for Atra delighted exceedingly sweet things, draws them greedily, and\bilis, (I know not what distinct English digests them as swiftly, and that is the reason name to give it) many times causes madhoney is so soon turned into choler. jness, and pure melancholy causeth obstruc2. Such medicines strengthen the liver, itions of the bowels, and tumours, whereby as (being appropriated to it) very gently the concoction of the blood is vitiated, bind, for seeing the office of the liver is to and dropsies many times follow, Medicines then peculiar to the spleen concoct, it needs some adstriction, that so both the heat and the humour to be con- must needs be twofold also, some apprococtcd may be stayed, that so the one slip priated to Atra bilis, others to pure melannot away, nor the other be scattered. |choly; but of purging either of them, I Yet do not hepatical medicines require shall omit till I come to treat of purging in so great a binding faculty as stomachicals do, | a chapter by itself. 1. Such medicines are splenical, which because the passages of the stomach are: of liver which those the more open than by cooling and moistening temper Atra by it either takes in chyle, or sends out blood \bilis: let not these medicines be too cold to the rest of the body, therefore medicines neither, for there is no such heat in Atru that are very binding are hurtful to thejizVzs as there is in choler, and therefore it liver, and either cause obstructions, or hin-i needs no such excessive cooling amongst are such as we mender the distribution of the blood, or both. | the number of these 2.

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THE COMPLETE HERBAL

386

tioned amongst the cordials to repel melan- such, that they abhor all binding medicines. j choly vapours from the heart, such temper because they cause stoppage of urine. Take notice, that the reins and bladder and assuage the malice of Atra bilis. 2. Those medicines are also splenical, being subject to inflammations endure not | by Avhich melancholy humours are cor- very hot medicines. Because the bladder is further remote reeled and so prepared, that they may the j more easily be evacuated such medicines I from the centre of the body than the kidnies are cutting and opening, and they differ are, therefore it requires stronger medicines from hepaticals in this that they are no than the kidnies do, lest the strength 01 ways binding; for the spleen being no ways the medicine be spent before it be come to addicted to concoction, binding medicines the part afflicted. 5

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harm, and not good. Sometimes the spleen is not only obrWAPTFR VTTT Vlll. unAJrl^Ji structed, but also hardened by melancholy humours, and in such cases emolient mediOf Medicines appropriated to the womb. cines may be well called splenicals, not These, physicians call Hystericals, and to such as are taken inwardly, for they operate avoid multiplicity of words, take them in upon the stomach and bowels, but such as this discourse under that notion, Take notice that such medicines as proare outwardly applied to the region of the voke the menses, or stop them when they spleen.til II flow And although sometimes medicines, are immoderately, are properly hystericais, outwardly applied to hardness of the liver, but shall be spoken to by and by in a chapyet they differ from splenicals, because they ter by themselves. As for the nature of the womb, it seems are binding, so are not splenicals. to be much like the nature of the brain and stomach, for experience teacheth that it is CHAPTER VII. delighted with sweet and aromatical medito the reins and Medicines cines, and flies from their contraries. appropriated Of bladder. For example a woman being troubled The office of the reins is, to make a with the fits of the mother, which is draw ing of the womb upward, apply sweet things, separation between the blood and the urine to receive this urine thus separated from as Civet, or the like, to the place of concepthe blood, is the bladder ordained, which tion, it draws it down again; but apply to the nose, as Assafoetida, or is of a sufficient bigness to contain it. | stinking things of the it the these Both like, body officiating! expels it from it, and sends it parts about the urine, they are both usually af-jdown toils proper place,

do

it

3.

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flicted

by the vices of the 1.

2.

3.

By By By

====

urine.

stones.

PHAPTFH TY ^K 1A< CHA^

inflammation. thick Jntmoiirs.

Medicines appropriated to the joints. troubled with joints are usually and then are lo be cure cephalic diseases,

Of

Medicines appropriated to the reins and bladder are usually called Nephriticals, and are threefold; some cool, others cut gross humours, and a third sort breaks the stone,

5

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The

by cephalic medicines. Medicines appropriated to the joints, are that called by the name Arthritical medicines,

In the use of all these, take notice, the constitution of the reins and bladder L

j

j

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The joints,

seeing they are very nervous,

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED.

3H7

1. A distention or require medicines which are of a heating! stretching of a part by and drying nature, with a gentle binding, too much fulness. and withal, such as by peculiar virtue are 2. Thick humours which are destitute of to and to add heat, growing hard in that part of the body them, appropriated strength them. It is true, most cephalics do so, yet into which they flow. So many properties then ought ernolient because the joints are more remote from the medicines to have, viz. To moisten what is medicines. centre, they require stronger For removing pains in the joints this is dry, to discuss what is stretched, to warm what is congealed by cold yet properly, the method of proceeding. j i

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away or eased, for j that only is said to mollify which reduceth the true cure is to take away the cause oi'\a hard substance to its proper temperature, the pain, sometimes the vcherneocy of the; Dryness and thickness of humours being the cause of hardness, emolient medicines pain is so great that you must be forced to? use Anodines (for so physicians call such \ must of necessity be hot and moist; and Pains

is

either taken

medicines as ease pain) before you can: although you may peradventure find some meddle with the cause, and this is usually of them dry in the second or third degrees, when the part pained is inflamed, for those yet must this dryness be tempered and medicines which take away the cause of; qualified with heat and moisture, for reason pain being very hot, if there be any in- will tell you that dry medicines make hard flammation in the part pained, you must parts harder. abstain from them till the inflammation be Mollifying medicines are know, 1. by their taken away. taste, 2. by their feeling. 1. In taste, they are near unto sweat, but ^^__^ fat and oily they are neither sharp, nor nor III. sour, nor salt, neither do they austere, manifest either binding, or vehement heat, Of the propriety or operation of Medicines. or cold to be in them. 2. In feeling you can perceive no rough|

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SECTION

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PH \PTFR Of

jness, neither do they stick to your fingers like Birdlime, for they ought to penetrate j the parts to be mollified, and therefore many

T

EmoJient Medicines.

The

various mixtures of heat, cold, dry- times if occasion be, are cutting medicints j in simples, must of mixed with them, ness, necessity produce variety of faculties, and

and moisture

5

j

them, which now we come operations treat of, beginning first at emolients. in

to

5

CHAPTER

II

hard, and what is soft, most men know, but few are able to express. PhyOf hardening Mediant*. Galen in Lib. 5. de Simple, Med* Facult. losophers define that to be hard which j medicines to yields not to touching, and soft to be the j Cap. 10. determines hardening he and or and medibe cold An moist, emolient, brings some argucontrary. softening a hard to reduceth ments cineis one which substance j prove it, against which other phy-

What

is

j

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sicians contest. proper temperature. I shall not here stand to quote tlie disto leave phylosophy, and keep to j that if softening hardness describe to be; pute, only take notice, physic physicians moist and hot be medicines two-fold. (as we shewed vo

its

i

But

:

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5o

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

388

oven now) then hardening medicines must! being useful ^ that it is obnoxious to the needs be cold and dry, because they are body of man. I pass it without more words. I suppose when Galen wrote of contrary to them. The universal course of nature will prove hardening medicines, he intended such as for dryness and moisture are il, passive make thick, and therefore amongst them he qualities, neither can extremeties consist in reckons up Fleawort, Purslain, Houseleek, moisture as you may know, if you do but and the like, which assuage the heat of the consider that dryness is not attributed to humours in swellings, and stops subtil and the air, nor water, but to the fire, and earth. sharp defluxions upon the lungs; but of 2. The thing to be must needs 'these more anon, congealed be moist, therefore the medicine congealing must of necessity be dry, for if cold be* j

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joined with dryness,

contracts the pores,

j

humours cannot be scattered. Yet you must observe a difference be-

j

it

CHAPTER

that so the

Of

III

Loosening Medicines.

tween medicines drying, making thick, By loosening here, I do not mean purgharderiing, and congealing, of which clif-jing, nor that which is opposite to astrinbut that which is opposite to ferences, a few words will not do amiss. gency 1. Such medicines are said to dry, which stretching I knew not suddenly what fitter draw out, or drink up the moisture, as a English name to give it, than loosening or taxation, which latter is scarce English. spunge drinks up water. 2. Such medicines are said to make thick, The members are distended or stretched as do not consume the moisture, but add divers ways, and ought to be loosened by as dryness to it, as you make syrups into many, for they are stretched sometimes by a thick electuary by adding powders to dryness, sometimes by cold, sometimes by them. repletion or fullness, sometimes by swell3. Such as congeal, neither draw out the! ings, and sometimes by some of these joined I avoid terms of art as much as moisture, nor make it thick by adding dry- together. ness to it, but contract it by vehement cold,; I can, because it would profit my country ;

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is

frozen into ice.

:

Hardness

differs from all these, for the of the parts body swell, and are filled with flegmatic humours, or melancholy blood, which at last grows hard. 4.

That you may clearly understand observe but these two things. 1. What it is which worketh.

What

this,

j I

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j i

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but little, to give them the rules of physic in such English as they understand not. I confess the opinion of ancient physicians hath been various about these loosenGalen's opinion was, that ing medicines. either to moistening, or referred be they might or mollifying, or evacuating mediheating, cities, and therefore ought not to be referred

worketh upon. I to a chapter by themselves. That which worketh is outwardly cold. It is likely they may, and so may all other That which is wrought upon, is a certain medicines be referred to heat, or coldness, thickness and dryness, of humours, for if or dryness, or moisture but we speak tiot the humour were fluid as water is, it might here of the particular properties of mediproperly be said to be congealed by cold, cines, but of their joined properties, as they but not so properly hardened. Thus you heat and moisten. see cold and dryness to be the cause ofj Others, they question how they can be dishardening. This hardening being so far from | (Anguished from such as mollify, seeing such 2.

it

1

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AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. as are loosening, and such as are emolient. are both of them hot and moist. To that, thus : stretching and loosening are ascribed to the moveable parts of the

Their use

;

is

380

various, viz.

That the bowels may be disburdened of corrupt humours, \ 2. Outwardly used, by them the offendand their the muscles to as tendons, ing humour (I should have said the peccant body, to the ligaments and Membrane; but soft- humour, had 1 written only to scholars,) is ness and hardness to such parts of the body called from the internal parts of the bodv * ic'i. .1.11 J Till I shall make to the as may be felt with the hand superfices. 3. By them the crisis of a disease is much dear by a similitude, Wax is softened, being Use

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1.

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hard, but Fiddle-strings are loosened being helped forward. And if you say that the dif-| 4. They are exceedingly profitable to draw stretched. ference lying only in the parts of the body \ forth poison out of the body. 5. Parts of the body over cooled are is no true difference, then take notice, that ! are less cured which medicines such loosen, hot, j by these medicines, viz. by applying as them and more moistening, than such soften, j outwardly to the place, not only befor they operate most by heat, these by cause they heat, but also because they draw the spirits by which life and heat are moisture. The truth is, I am of opinion the dif- cherished, to the part of the body vvhich is ference is not much, nay, scarce sensible, j destitute of them you cannot but know between emolient and loosening medicines ; that many times parts of the body fall away :

|

only I quoted this in a chapter by itself, in flesh, and their strength decays, as in not so much because some authors do, as; some persons arms or legs, or the like, the because it conduceth to the increase of usual reason is, because the vital spirit knowledge in physic, for want of which, this decays in those parts, to which use such plaisters or ointments asareattractive(which poor nation is almost spoiled. The chief use of loosening medicines isjis the physical term for drawing medicines) in convulsions and cramps, and such like! for they do not only cherish the parts by infirmities which cause distentioh or stretch- their own proper heat, but draw the vital j

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and natural

ing.

They are known by the very same marks and tokens that emolient medicines are.

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TV IV.

spirits thither, whereby they are both quickened and nourished. They are known almost by the same tokens that attenuating medicines are, seeneat an( ^ tnmness f P arts s lncm '

'

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both, they only in respect of quantity, thinness of parts being most proper to atdiffer

drawing Medicines. The opinion of physicians is, concerning tenuating medicines, but attractive medithese, as it is concerning other medicines, fines are hotter. viz. Some draw by a manifest quality, some _ by a hidden, arid so (quoth they) they draw 4PTFR V to themselves both humours and thorns, or

Of

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into the flesh ; howOf discttssive Medicines. splinters that are gotten nature of discussing (or sweating) The ever this is certain, they are all of them hot, j and of thin parts; hot because the nature; medicines is almost the same with attractive, j

of heat

may to

be

draw

off thin parts that so they to the humours that are to penetrate drawn out. is

to

>

for there are

j

are

i

medicine but

no discussive medicines but

attractive, is

nor scarce any attractive in

some measure or other

THE COMPLETE HERBAL

390

The difference then is only j discussing. this; that discussive medicines are hotter!

PRAPTFR

than attractive, and therefore nothing else} need be written of their nature. Use. Their use may be known even from | their very

name

;

for diseases that

come by

repletion or fulness, are cured by evacution or emptying; yet neither blood nor gross humours are to be expelled by sweating, or

insensible transpiration (as they call it) but the one requires blood-letting, the other purgation, but scrosus or thin humours and

Of

VT

repelling Medicines.

Repelling medicines are of contrary operation to these three last mentioned, viz attenuating, drawing, and discussive mediIcines: It is true, there is but lil tie difference between these three, some hold none at all | and if you Avill be so nice, you may oppose j And so medicines making thus. | them I

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thick, correspond to attenuating medicines,

filthy vapours, and such like superfluities, or such as make thin, repelling medicines are to be expelled by sweat, and be wary are opposed to such as draw, and such as in this too, for many of them work violently, retain the humours and make them lough, and violent medicines are not rashly to be are opposite to such as discuss, some hold this

given. Caution 2. Besides,swellingsaresometimes made so hard by sweating medicines, that afterwards they qau never be cured for what is thin being by such medicines taken

2.

sive medicines

many

away, nothing but what is perfectly hard If you fear such a thing, mix remains emolients with them. Caut. 3. Again, sometimes by using dis-

various. influx ion

may be

ways, a repulsive hath got as

caused

many

definitions.

as cool, bind, stop, and thick, stay influxions, and therefore

For such things

:

cussives,

is

For seeing an

;

the

niceness needless. The sentence of authors about repul-

make

repulsives are

humours

to attractives,

offending (which physicians usually call the peccant humours) is driven to some more noble part of the or else it draws more than it disbody, in such cases, concoct and atcussseth tenuate the matter offending before you go

by authors opposed, not only but also to attenuating, and

discussing medicines.

But properly such things are called repulsives, which do not only stay influxions, (for so do such medicines which stop and make thick) but such as drive the humours flowing to, or inherit in the place, to some

;

about to discuss it. From hence may easily be gathered at { other place, what time of the disease discussive mediThe truth is, binding is inherent to repulcines are to be used, viz. about the declin-lsives, so is not coldness nor making thick ing of the disease, although in diseases Yet such as are binding, cold and thin in arising from heat of b.ood, we sometimes operation, are most effectual, use them in the encrease and slate of them, Your taste will find repulsives to be, tart, are the same known by marks and or sharp, or austere, with a certain binding They tokens attenuating medicines are, viz. by which contracts the tongue, their burning and biting quality, they being Use 1. Their use is manifold, as in hoi and of thin very hot, parts, void of any j tumours, head-aches, or the like. Use 2. By these in fevers are the vapours biting quality, therefore they contract not! the tongue in tasting of them. driven from the head, Vinegar of Roses is j

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notable.

Time of

giving.

Thev

are most roimno-

AND ENGLISH PHYSICIAN ENLARGED. dious in the beginning and encrease of a disease, for then influxions most prevail. But seeing that in the cure of tumours there are two scopes, 1. That that which flows to

it

may

be repelled.

2.

{

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Besides, of cleansing medicines, some are of a gentler nature, some are more vehement These are not known one and the same

way

for

;

That that some

some are sweet, some

salt,

and

bitter.

i

The use of cleansing is external, as the already in it may be discussed j are most used in use of purges are internal. commodiously repulsives the beginning, discussives in the latter end. They are used to cleanse the sanies and In the middle you may mix them, with other filth of ulcers, yea, and to consume this proviso, that repulsives exceed in the and eat away the flesh itself, as burnt Alum, i precipitate, &c. beginning, discussives in the latter end. If the matter offending be of Caution 1. When these must be used, not only the a venomous quality, either abstain from re- effects of the ulcers, but also the temperapulsives altogether, or use purging first, lest lure of the body will tell you. For if you see either a disease of fulness, the matter fly to the bowels and prove danthe weak. if bowels be which our physicians call [Plethora'] or corgerous, especially 2. Also forbear repulsives, if the pain be { rupted humours which they call [Cacochyma'] you must empty the body of these, viz. great. 3. Lastly, Have a care lest by repulsives fulness by bleeding, and corrupt humours, you contract the pores so much, that the or evil slate of the body, by purging before matter cannot be removed by discussives. you use cleansing medicines to the ulcer, else your cure will never f== proceed prosperwhich

is

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Of

Usly

VII.

cleansing Medicines.

Cleansing m\jdicines can neither be defined by heal, nor coldness, because some of both sorts cleanse.

A

'

cleansing medicine, then,'

v/tiAr r/K \

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of a ihe

ter-

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III.

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Emplasters. By Emplasters, here, 1 do mean things gluli native, and they are quite contrary to

filth rene quality, which takes away things cleansing, with it, and carries it out. They are of a far more glutinous and Here, to avoid confusion, a tenacious substance. Definition.'] difference must be made between washing; They differ from things stopping because and cleansing. they do not stop the pores so much, as stick to them like Birdlime. carries A thing which washeth, away by from a They have a certain glutinous heat, tornfluxion, as a man washeth the dirt off pered both with coldness and moisture. thing. From these plasters take their names, a certain medicine by rough- j cleansing Their tasle is eilher none at all, or not carries the! ness or nitrous quality, away whether hot or cold, but fat, discernablc it. compacled filth wilh or without taste, or sweet, and visThis also is the difference between cleans- | insipid, the one makes cous in feeling. ing and discussing medicines, Their use is to stop flowing of blood, and so scatters and humours them, thick thin, th' ! ,> !'/ itiV",

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