Say it in Tibetan

SAY IT IN TIBETAN

SAY IT IN TIBETAN CONVERSATIONS IN COLLOQUIAL TIBETAN

by

NORBU CHOPHEL

© Paljor Publications

First Print 1989 Reprint1990,1992, 1993,1994,1995,1997, 1998, 1999 (twice), 2000

Published by: Paljor Publications, D-39, Jangpura Extn. New Delhi-110 014

All Rights Reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher.

ISBN: 81-86230-01-7

Typesetting and design by: Paljor Publications

Printed at: lndraprastha Press (CBT), New Delhi-110 002

CONTENTS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

Introduction x Pronunciation Guide xi Introductory Phrases 1 Social Phrases 3 Basic Questions and Answers 6 Talking About Yourself 11 Making Yourself Understood 16 Making Yourself Familiar with the Place Customs Office 21 Baggage 23 Travel Directions 25 Bus and Taxi 30 Postoffice 33 Telephone 35 Hotel 39 Bar 46 Visiting a Restaurant 49 Sightseeing 55 Visiting a Monastery 60 Hiking and Camping 64 Shopping 68 Books and Stationery Shop 75 Health 77 Pharmacy and Drugstore 84 Visiting a Dentist 85 Parts of the Body 88 Stores and Services 92 Domestic Items 94 Clothing and Accessories 96

18

30. 31. 33. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41 . 42. 43. 44.

Colours 98 Materials 100 Meat 102 Vegetables 103 Grains and Cereals 104 Fruits 105 Camera and Photography 106 Laundary and Drycleaning 108 Accident 111 Weather 113 Time 116 Days of the Week 120 Months and Seasons 122 Family Members and Relatives 125 Counting 127

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12. My mother's name is Yan~chen. ngay a-ma-laa gi tshen Yangchen rey. 0....

........

~

~"{~-~~-~~~~·'\~~~~~~ 13. Do you have any brothers and sisters? khye-rang-la kum-che bu-dhang bu-mo yo-pey?

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-

'""" ~~~"~~~~~~·'\~~~~~~ 14. Yes, I have two brothers older than me. la yo, nga-la jo-la iiyee yo.

~·4 ~~-~~~-~r-~, 15. Don't you have any sisters? khye-rang la kum-chey bu-mo mey-pey?

~~~~~~~~~\~~,

12

16. No, I don't have any. la mey, chig-kyang mey.

~-~~, ~·~~'\1 17. What is your profession? khye-rang chhaa-ley ga-re oang-gi yo? .....

....

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18. I am a student. nga lob-troo yin • ...,.-

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19. I am a teacher. nga ge-gen yin.

20. I am a businessman. nga tshong-pa yin.

"~'4~1 21 . I have no work. nga-la ley-ka mey.

c::.:~·~-,~, 22. Who are you? khye-rang su-yin-pey? ....

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~\~~~~~~1

23. I am a friend ofTenzin. nga Tenzin-gi dog-po yin.

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13

24. I am here on a vacation. nga dhay goong-seng-la yong-pa yin. 0...

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25. I have been here for one week. nga dhay leb-ney dhun-tra chig chhin-song. 0...

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26. We plan to stay here until Friday. nga-tsho dhay ~a pa-sang-bar dhay-tsi yo. "'-.. ...... ~ '¥""' ' q~~~·~"-\~~-~"~~~

22. The Tibetan Library is in Gangchen Kyishong. bO-kyi pe-zo-khang Gangchen Kyishong la yo-rey.

~~"8-t'('~"~"~~~'\~~~-~~

20

CUSTOMS OFFICE

1. Where is the customs office? go-trelle-khung ga-paa yo-rey?

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2. lt is over there. pha-gay yo-rey.

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3. Here is my luggage/baggage. ngay cha-lag dhay yo. ~

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4. This is my passport. dhi ngay paa-si yin.

~~'t-~~1 5. I have only clothes in the box. gam-dhee nang dhug-lo chig-po yin. ~

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0...

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6. Everything is for my personal use. tshang-ma nga-rang ger-gyi be-cho je-yey yln. ~~-~~·-' 0.... ~elf-"~., . ,~. .-'~"\'-'\~~·~~,

7. This is not new. dhi saa-pa ma-rey.

q_'~~'q'a{~1

21

8. These are only for gifts. dhi-tsho la-ta te-ya chig-po yin. 0.... v::-CO... f>.... ~'\~~~~~·!t\~~~·,~u.ti1 9. I brought this ring in India. tshi-kho dhi gya-kar ney nyo-pa yin. ~-'c-... ---~ ~~~·~l:l~·~~~~~~~-,~·~·~~1

10. I have only one camera. nga-la par-chey chig-ley mey.

~~r~~~r~~·~~·~'\1 11 . The bag over there is not mine. to-phey pha-gi ngay ma-rey.

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12. This is all that I have. nga-la yo-pa dhi-rang yin. --

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CO...'

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22

BAGGAGE 1. I have five items in my bag. ngay to-phey nang cha-laa r:-e-kha riga yo.

---

~-' ~~~·~~~~~-~-~·~~·~~, 2. How much baggage are we allowed to carry? dho-chey ga-tsey khyer chhog-gi rey?

\~·~·~~~~~~~~ 3. I cannot find my baggage. ngay dho-cha iiyee-gi min-dhoo . .:>......-

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7. This is not my luggage. dhi ngay dho-po ma-rey. e-. 0... ..................... ~~~~~-~~~,

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8. My suitcase is black. ngay gam nag-po rey.

"'a:-t~~~~\1 9. Carry this to the busstand. dhi bus bab-tshoo la kyay-ro r,ang. a.

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10. Don't forget this one. dhi ma-jey-pa je-aa.

~~-q~~~~gq~-1 11. I shall carry t~is myself. dhi nga-rey khyay-chhog.

12. I want a porter. nga-la dho-po khyer-khen chig go-dhoo• ...,.,....,-- " ~·

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13. I want to hire a taxi. nga taxi chig (a-gi yin. '

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14. Handle this carefully. dhi ~ab-~ab jey-te khyer-aa. ~

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15. What is the charge? (a-chha ga-tshey rey?

~-~-~-~~1

24

TRAVEL DIRECTIONS

-v-"

~~·~~,

Useful Words

--

Monastery gon-pa

\~~~,

Temple tsug -la-khang

~~·~~1

Museum dem-ton-khang

~a.\~·~·pq~l

Hotel don-khang/~a-khang

Restaurant

--

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~a-khang

~-~~·,

Guest house don-khang

~~-~"'1

Short-cut gyog-lam

~~·~~1

Market trom

~i\\1

Hospital rpen-khang

-

-

~·f':\~1

Bank rigul-khang

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Postoffice da-khang

~'pr("l

Office le-khung

~~-~"~1

--

Carpet centre rum-dhen-~o-da

~~-~\~.q~~1

25

1. Where is the airlines office? oam-du'i le-khung ga-paa yo-rey? ._-::"!.

c-.

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2. lt is on the other street. gya-lam-gi phar-chho-la yo-rey. eo-..

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3. Where is the travel agent's office? dim-dulle-khung ga-paa yo-rey? v-~

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4. lt is behind the airlines office. oam-du'i le-khung-gi gyab-lo la yo-rey.

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5. Where is the tourist office? yul-kor to-chham-gi le-khung ga-paa yo-rey? ....- ~

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6. The third building on the left is the tourist office. lag-pa yon-gyi khang-pa sum-pa dhe rey. V"'

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7. How long does it take to walk to the monastery? gon-pa dhe bar gom-pa gyab-na ga-tshey gor-gi rey?

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8. lt will take only ten minutes. kar-ma chu ma-tog gor-gi ma-rey.

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9. Is this the shortest way? lam-khaa dhi thung-sho re-pey? f>....

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10. Yes, this is the shortest way. rey. dhi thung-sho rey. .......

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11. How far is the hospital from here? dhi-ney rpen-khang bar thag ring-lo rey? e-._

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12. lt is only three minutes walk from here. gom-pa gyab-na kar-ma sum-ley gor-gi ma-rey. _...

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13. Which road is this? lam-khag dhi ga-gi rey?

14. This is the main road to the temple. dhi tsug-la-khang-la do-say gya-lam-rey. f>....

_.-o-.._

.......

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15. Is there any public transport service? mi-rpang dul-khor ycf-re-pey? c-.... -v-'._--... ~\~~~·~~·~~~~'\~~l

27

16. Yes, there are hourly bus services. yo-rey. chuu-tsho re-re la do-khen bus yo-rey. ~~~....,-....... ..,......., ~:..-.\1 ~~~~-~~pq~'lf~~~~\1

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17. Is there any short-cut route to the river? tsang-chhu-la do-say gyog-lam yo-re-pey?

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18. No, there are no short-cuts. gyog-lam yo ma-rey.

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19. Can we walk from here? dhi-ney gom-pa gyab-na teb-kyi re-pey? 0....

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20. Yes, but it will take very long. rey. yin-nay du-tsho zhe-daa gor-gi rey.

~\1 ~~~~~~rc4~ 21. Should I turn left or right? . yon-la kyo-go re-pey, yey-la kyo-go rey? ...-

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22. You must turn left. yon-la kyo-go rey . ....,-- ...,- ....,-- ....... ~'\124'~'1'\~~"\1 23. Please show me the way to the market. nga-la trom-la do-say lam-khaa ton-ro ~:tang . ._.,

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28

24. Please take me to the handicrafts shop. nga lag-~o ngo zog tshong-khang-la tri-ro r;~ang. c-.... ....-

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~~~·~~~''\"~·~·~~~~·~'\~,~~r_·1

25. Where is the Tibetan Library? bo-kyi pe-zo-khang ga-paa yo-rey? ............ Do-. '

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26. lt is in Gangchen Kyishong. Gang-chen Kyi-shong la yo-rey. 0...

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29

BUS AND TAXI 1 . Where is the busstand? bus bab-tshug ga-paa yo-rey?

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' ·~ 'lf'~~~~:.o,,~·~·~"·~~~1 2. lt is in front of that hotel. don-khang pha-gee dhun-la yo-rey.

3. When does the bus leave for Delhi? dhi-lir bus ga-du do-gi rey? ~~-

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4. lt leaves at 7 in the morning. zhog-khey chhu-tsho dhun-paa do-gi rey. ~

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5. What is the fare? la-chha ga-tshey rey?

~·~·~·~~",J 6. lt is 75 Rupees. go-mo dhun-chu dhon-riga rey.

7. Does it go by Chandigarh? Chandigarh gyu-ney do-gi re-pey? o.._

.....-o.-. "'

~"'\~~'\"~·~·,~'\.c.t~\

30

8. Yes, it will go via Chandigarh. rey. Chandiagrh gyii-ney do-gi rey. '

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~~~~~~·~·~~~I

9. I want to get off at Chandigarh. nga Chandigarh la bab-gi yin.

10. I want to go to Chandigarh. nga Chandigarh la do-go yo. c-..

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11. Does this bus go to Lhasa? bus dhi Lhe-saa do-gi re-pey? ...... e-..,

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12. Yes, it will go to Lhasa. la rey. dhi Lhe-saa do gi rey. '

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13. Does it stop on the way? lam-la kaa-gi re-pey? &--"

~~·~-.q~·~~\~~1

14. Yes, it will stop for Lunch. la rey. nyin-goong zhe-la la kaa-gi rey.

15. Where is the booking office? lag-khyer nyo-say le-khung ga-paa yo-rey? '

v--e-.

__....._

~·~~~~~~-~~~-~·~·~"'\~1

31

.

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17. Where can I get a taxi? nga-la taxi chig ga-ney raa-gi rey? '"""~

~

~.......

~~-~~·""·~~-~·"~~,---t~\\

18. Near the busstand. bus bab-tshug gi nye-dam ney raa-gi rey. .... .~c...' ,'""" tl·~·q~~ 'l -.-~,~~~~~,~~"

19. Take us to the hospital. nga-tsho rpen-khang a tri-ro r,ang . ...c"'

~--

"ci·~~::;~-~~~~,~~ 20. Take me to the hotel. nga don-khang la tri~ro r,ang. ~

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21. The fare is too high. la-chha chhen-po zhe-daa rey-dhoo.

~·c~i~~~~~~

32

POSTOFFICE Useful Words Post office da-khang

-~·~,

Airmail oam-dag

"'\~~·~

Seamail tsho-dag

~~~

Postmaster da-khang gen-zin

~,~.~~~

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Registered dheb-kyay

~(\~~,

Envelope yi-koe

~~~1

Aerogramme oam-dag yi-koe Postage stamp ti-ka-si/dag-tham

--~~ ~~·~,. ·~~~, 0.....

0.....

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Parcel par-sal

~~~~

Postman dag-pa

11,.~,

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1. Where is the postoffice? da-khang ga-paa yo-rey?

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2. lt is near the carpet shop. dum-zay tshong-khang gi tri-dhay yo-rey.

~ar~t"'~c.,~·~·~~'\1

33

3. I want to send this by airmail. dhi Qam-dag tho tang-go yo. .............. ....-- ...,.--_. ~

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4. Is it okay to send it like this? dhi-dey-si tang-na di-gi re-pey?

5. The packet contains only books. dhee nang dheb sha-taa yin. ~C\

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6. I want to send this parcel. nga parcel dhi tang-go yo. 0....

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7. What time does the post office open? da-khang chhu-tshu ga-tshey la go chhe-gi rey? ---~

..,....-..., ~·~-~~·~~~1 ~

34

TELEPHONE

1. Please may I use the telephone? kha-paa be-cho tang chhog-pa chi? ~.--

~e-...

~·~~~,~\~~~r~·~·c:tl

2. Yes, please use it. la-'ong. be-cho .,ang-ro-.,ang.

---

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3. I want to call this number. nga ang-dang dhi-la kha-paa tang-go yo. c--...----"·\5\\~~~'Q,'\~·~·~~~~~·~l

4. Call me at this number. ang-dang dhi-thog-la zhal-paa .,ang-ro.

t:o......--

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5. My telehone number is 673. ngay kha-paa ang doo dhun sum yin.

~~·~~~ ~~\ 6. Is it possible to call London from here? dhi-ney London-la kha-paa tang thub-gi re-pey?

7. No, you will have to call from Delhi. ma-rey. khye-rang Delhi ney tang go-kyi rey . ......

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e-..._c-....

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35

8. Will the call be clear? kha-paa sal-po yong-gi re-pey?

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9. Yes, it will be very clear. rey, sal-po zhe-daa yong-gi rey.

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10. Hello! who is speaking? hello. zhal-paa Qang-khen su yin-no? .......~

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11. This is Dawa speaking. nga Dawa yin.

~-~-~-~~~ 12. I cannot hear you clearly. ngey sal-po go-gi min-dhoo.

"~,~r.l4~4'~~ 13. To whom do you want to speak? khye-rang su-la ka-mol Qang-go yo?

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14. I want to talk to Tashi. nga Tashi-la ke-chha shey-go yo. c--. -- _, __ z;,·~~'c'-('~'\C!'V[\\~~·~~1

15. Please hold the line. tog-tsa goo-ro Qang

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7. I prefer to be close to the monastery. nga gon-pay nye-dam la dhey-dho dhoo.

--~' ~ "\'¥\X4~~-~f.t~'q"'\~'\~~ 8. Where is the registration desk? dheb-kyay je-sa ga-paa-rey?

~·~41~~(-t·~·~~~ 9. Please fill in this form. geng-sho dhi gyang-ro-t:~ang. . . . . -o-... .....-~~~~'\~"~~~~·~~"\

10. Sign here, please. dhay tshen-taa kyon-ro t:~ang.

"'~~~~~·~~~,~~·~ 11. Please show me your passport. khye-rang gi paa-si ton-ro t:~ang.

~e;;~~~~~~'¥1~:1 12. Here is my passport. ngay paa-si dhay yo. c-...'~.--

1\~~·~·~'\"'~1

13. Please show me a good room. nga-la khang-mi yag-po chig ton-ro t:~ang.

----

~ --~ ~'pq~~"\~~·t.t,~,;~~~,;c:.·\

41

14. Do you have a single room?

mi-chig nyel-say khang-pa yo-pey? o-.....

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15. No, we have only double rooms.

mey. nga tshor mi-iiyee dhey-sa ma-to mey. ...

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43

30. I want my breakfast in my room. zhog-ja khang-pay nang-la go.

~-{~~"~~~"IS.\\~1 31. Please send me a glass of boiled water. chhu-khol glass gang tang-ro r;.ang.

..

--~

....-

(;"..

~-~~ ~-~-~,"~~~~-,~"-"1.

32. I want to speak to the hotel manager. nga ~a--khang gi gen-zin la ka-mol zhu-go yo. e--.. :rA.· -- -- -~~·~~,~·· "'l~~,~~~~~~-l.q"'\

33. I am leaving my room keys here. ngay khang-mi gi dhi-mig dhay zhaa-gi yin.

~~-~~~~~~~~~\ 34. When must I check out? nga dhi-ney ga-du thon-go rey? ~. _..... ....

---

~{~~~·~~.c:r-r~~-'\~~:.Z\\

35. Checkout time is 12 noon. thon-yey dhu-tsho nyin-gang chhu-tsho chungnyi rey.

~Ll4~~~-~\~~~~l'\~~~\1 36 .. Can I pay in US Dollars? a-ree Dollar phul-na dee-gi re-pey?

44

37. No, we take only Chinese currency.

--

gya-mee go-mo ma-tog len-gi mey. ~.-...-

""~""'

~~""~~-~·w·C1,\;~:CI.\~1

38. Thanks for the stay. I had a good time.

thu-je-chhe. dhey-pay ring kyi-po joong.

~~"'*~1 ~~"\~~~\~~1 39. We are glad. Please come again.

nga-tsho ga-po joong. yang-kyaa phe-ro r,ang. vt(' -'"' -r:-z~·\~"~1 ~=:.:"~~~~~~~-~~~\

40. Bye, bye, see you again.

zhoo-dhenjaa.yang-kyaajey-yong .

......-

~~~'\~'\'~.~~\ ~~A\~~~~""~~\

45

BAR 1. Can I find a bar around here?

dhi-khul chhang-raa thung-sa yo re-pey?

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O..'\~~·a,~~~~~"4t·~~\~~,

2. Yes, every hotel has a bar.

yo-rey. ~a-khang tshang-maa yo-rey.

~~\ ~-~~,il:.:~"~'\1 3. I want to look at the bar menu.

nga chhang-raa gi tho-zhung la ta-gi yin. ~ 0\

C\ ....--

"~~·~r~r~~C\~·~-~~~\

4. Please give me whiskey.

nga-la whiskey l}ang-ro.

"'U~~~t~c:..~~, 5. Please give me a bottle of beer.

nga-la beer shay-dham chi l}ang-ro. ~.

.....

0...

.......,..,

~~·~q_·~4~''\~,~,~~,4\1

6. Do you serve chhang here?

dhay eh hang tshong-yey yo re-pey? c--.

~

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ct..".,c:.:~"Uol.C~v~~'\~~,

7. No, we do not serve eh hang here.

la mey. nga-tsho chhang tshong-gi mey. '"'

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---(>... . . . . .

~-~\1 c:_·~·a,~~,'i-l\1

46

8. Where can I get chhang? chhang ga-ney raa-gi rey?

"''

a,e;,~~~·~~~l

9. lt is available everywhere. ga-sa ga-ney raa-gi rey.

10. Can you get me some chhang? nga-la chhang tog-tsa raa-thab r,ang thub-gi repey?

--s:...

O....'

"~·~~~~~~-,~.q~·,~~~~·~.;~~,

11. Yes, I will try. rey, ngey thab-shey jey-chho.

12. I like chhang very much. nga chhang la ga-po zhe-daa yo.

13. I have taken some chhang before. ligon-ma ngey eh hang tog-tsa thung-nyung .

-- --

..,.-~3('"-~·~~~l~·~~tf.'l

14. Chhang tastes better than beer. bi-yar ley chhang zhim-pa dhoo.

~·~~~-r~~~~·~~

47

15. Is it difficult to make chhang? chhang ....-- ~o-yey ,khag-po yo re-pey?

___

:).

~~lps.t,,~·~~·qr~\~~~

16. No, but it is difficult to make a good chhang.

jl

ma-rey. yin-nay chhang zhim-po t.o-yey khag-pq rey. ~ '

t:--.C\

-~

--v-

...........

at''\\ "'10\~:~"~&l.~~~·~~~"{'"'-'\1

48

VISITING A RESTAURANT

Useful Words Breakfast

zhog-ja Lunch

nyin-gung kha-laa Dinner

gong-dhaa kha-laa Hot

tsha-po Cold

dang-mo Fresh

so-pa

--

~-,~--~ e-.

,;~~-~

'\4f~~~-~ l·~

-

~"a.\1

--

~-..-~,

Salad

dang-tshel

~"~1

--

Sweet

ngaa-mo Boiled

khol-ma Fried

IJQO-pa

~~-~1

_.-

~~-~,

--

Ail~~·at,

Tea

ja Milk

wo-ma

--~ ~,

Butter

maa Egg

go-nga

~1

--

'\'"' 49

Food kha-laa

fill~~

Spoon thu-maa

~~1

Chopstick kho-tsi

~..,

Bread baa-le

..... ~·~

1. Please show me a good restaurant. nga la ~a-khang yag-po chi ton-ro Qang.

2. Do you serve Tibetan food? khye-Qaa tsho bo-pay zhel-laa zo Qang-gi yo-pey? ~!::'' ~---- ~ -c-.. ..,.lW\~~·~·.q'\~~'i4\·~~~"'ll.,~.;:4r~'\~~,

3. Yes, we do serve Tibetan food. la yo. nga-tsho bo-pay kha-laa ~o-gi yo. --

~e-.

....-t!("--

rat•~l "~-~~f.{~'rat:t'\'l:~-.,·~\1

4. At what time do you serve breakfast? zhog-ja ga-dhu kyaa Qang-gi yo? ~

"'v-

'fl*'l'~.,~~·~-~~,~'\1

5. Anytime you want. kye-rang la ga-dhu go-nay.

50

6. Do you make momo?

mo-mo ~o r,ang-gi yo-pey? -- ..,-- :r.: t;o... v-~·~·.q"(,~C.,'"-l\"(~1

7. Yes, it is our speciality.

la yo. dhe nga-tsho'i rpig-say chig rey.

~~ ~~~~~·~~~~~~ 8. We would like a table by the window.

nga-tshor gi-gung tri-gi dok-tse chig go. ~

t>.

~ -~o...

v--

~~tl;~~·~~~~(~·~·\~~1

9. I would like to wash my hands.

nga lag-pa tru-go yo.

---

~~·~-q'l·~·~\1

10. What special food do you serve here?

dhay mig-sel zhel-laa ga-re yo? t>... ~ ~--"'1'\~~·~~~-~C!..\~,~~~~~.

11. We serve very good sha-bak-leb.

sha-baa-le yag-po zhi-daa yo.

12. Please bring me a glass of water. nga-la chhu glass gang -:tang-ro.

13. Do you have curd?

dhay zho yo-pey?

...

----

~~~·~~'tit\\

51

14. Yes, would you like it with or without sugar? la yo. je-ma-ka-ra yo-pa yin-no mey-pa yin-no? ...,.- "'

...--

~·

""

c-...

~·~\1 ~""\'"'U{\~· ~~~·~\~~~~~1

15. With a little sugar, please. je-me-ka-ra tog-tsa yo-pa IJang-ro.

16. Please give me a black coffee. nga-la coffee wo-ma mey-pa chig .,ang-ro.

17. Do you make Tibetan tea? bo-ja ~o IJang-gi yo-pey? "!C:::"

--

c-...--

"01.'\~~~·-,;.:::~\~'\'-t~l

18. Yes, but \t w\\\ take some t\me. la yo. yin-nay dhu-tsho tog-tsa gor-gi rey. --- ~ t/l'o.. "!JJC ...--.s --.....""' ~·~1 ~~~~~·..,~~~~~\\

19. I want some more salad. nga-la dha-dhung dang-tshel tog-tsa go.

~~·'\~~~~&;·~~~ 20. I want it fresh. dhe so-pa go.

21. I want it fried. dhe ngo-ney go. ~~~·~~·'\~, \ \ , I (

52

22. I want it steamed.

dhe lang-tsho gyab-ney go. ' "!iC. -\~~·.q~~~~·~~~

23. I want it hot.

dhe tsha-po go.

" ....-...--

\~''\~~\

24. Please give me a cup of tea.

nga-la ja ka-yoe gang Qang-ro. v-

.._-

~~'E:'\~Ulat,r:_-,~c:._~~l~l

25. Please give me some more of this.

dhi-day dha-dhung tog-tsa Qang-ro.

~~·~~·ist~~~~~~ 26. I want nothing more.

dha gang-yang ma-go.

27. You may take this away.

dhi phaa khey-na dig-sa rey. 0..

""

~

.......

~\~~~~~·~~~

28. Please giye me the bill.

nga-la thob-tra Qang-ro.

29. Keep the change.

see-ma nyaa-Qang. c-.._

~~~·~f',;'\

53

30. What time do you close at night? tshen-mo chhu-tsho ga-tshey-la go gyaa-gi yo? b~-r:::-

o-v-

~---\~~k\~·~~~-~·@q~·~~1 J

-

31. We close at 10 p.m. tshen-mo chhu-tsho chu-pa-la go gyaa-gi yo.

, ~~~~!~~t.rllriit~~~·l!J~\ 32. The food was excellent. kha-lag yag-po zhe-daa dhoo.

~~~~~~~

54

....,---

15·~~

SIGHTSEEING Useful Words Park

11"1

fing-ka Fort

...,-

khar-zong

.J:((lq"~~~

Cave

daa-phu

~i~~

Castle

gyal-khang

e-~"PQ"''

Museum

'

dem-ton-khang

~

Of!l~~-'?\~~~

-

Palace

pho-dang

~·~"\

Ruins

~~1

tor-shut Monastery

~~~

gon-pa 1emp~e

lha-khang/tsug-laa khang

,.~;,~·~·pr~~1

History

gyay-rab

~~·~~~~

1. Do you speak English?

khye-rang-gi in-ji khyen-gi yo-pey?

2. I want a guide who can speak English.

nga-la Qe-shen-pa in-ji shen-khen chig go-dhoo

~~·~~·\~~~-~.~~·~\

55

3. Yes, I can speak English. yo. ngey in-ji shing-gi yo. .........

"'· -.'

c-.. ..........-

~~, "~·~~~·~'Uol\1

4. I want to go on a sightseeing. nga ta-kor la do-gi yin.

5. Do you know this place? khye-rang gi sa-chha dhi gyue yo-pey?

6. Yes, I lived here for 10 years. yo. nga sa-eh ha dhay lo chu dhey-pa yin. "' - 0.. "'~~1 "~'*·~~-~-t::l~~~·u.(~\

-

7. Will you guide me around? nga-la dhi-khul gyue-ngaa r:aang-gey? e-..

"-"-1."~\~~~-~"-Q,,~",~\

8. Yes, I can show you around. la wong. gyue-ngaa zhue-chho. --

V'

~·~"'·1 r·~.c:p;~~·~

9. There are lots to see here. dhay ta-yey zhe-daa yo-rey.

"'

"'

...-- .....

"\'"?·~~·~~·~~\1

10. Are there any conducted sightseeing tours? zhung-gi ko-dig jey-pay ta-kor yo re-pey? e-..

--e-..

. 0.

...-- ...-- " '

,~~,~1'\~~~·"l~,·~~~\~~1

56

11. Yes, but you won't see much. yo-rey. yin-nay mang-po thong-gi ma-rey.

--

"" "'

....._

_..

----

.......

~~'\1 ~~~=.;&l"'~'CJJ,~~,·~·~~

12. How long will the excursion take? ta-jor dhi dhii-tsho ga-tshey gor-gi rey? -

f>..

]£,.,

..,............._......._

;~"'~'\~"'~·,~1"~12.~ 13. lt will take 3 hours. chhu-tsho sum gor-gi rey. -:£:. ....,.., c-...."" ~\~~·~~

14. What is the cost of the trip? ta-kor tri-pay la-chha ga-tshey rey?

,·.qif~~~~·a&·~·~~~\ 15. lt is 50 Dollars per head. mi ray-la Dollar ligab-chu tham-pa rey• ....._......._

"

...,_.

~'7~~-~~3{~~1

16. What time will you pick us up from our hotel? nga-tsho ~a-khang ney ga-dhii len-khaa yong-gey?
-......:--...-

~._~

....-"'\

~;~\i·~·~-,·~~~~\\

31. You can buy them from every medical store. rpen tshong-khang ga-sa ga-ney nyo chho rey. ~

__._........_

.

~-~"-,~'4(~~.,~ ..,~,

32. When should I take the pills? ree-bu dhi-tsho ga-dhu ~a-go rey? ~. ~< _...,

""~~~\ci~·~~·~·~""'·"~

33. One pill each after meals. kha-laa jay-la ree-bu re-re.

34. Every hour. chhu-tsho re-re la.

f\~~~1 82

35. Before meals. kha-laa gi ligon-la. e-.. ....--

~~:qr~'\~1

36. After Breakfast. zhog-jay jey-la.

-

c-."

~~~·~~~-~1

37. After lunch. nyin-gung kha-laa jey-la.

38. After dinner. gong-dhaa kha-laa jey-la.

~\Cl1.·~-~,-~.~~ 39. Twice a day. nyi-ma ray-la theng iiyee.

~~~i~~~~,~-,,~, 40. Any time. ga-dhu jung-joong. ~·~~n"l

41. Whenever you have pain. na-tsha ga-dhu tang-nay.

~~~~~·~~1

83

PHARMACY AND DRUGSTORE Useful Words Bandages rpa-tri

.....

lt\~llql

Cotton wool ting-bay

.....

Cough syrup Io-men Ear drops am-cho rpen

ttl\~\

Eye drops rpig-rpen Ointment jug-rpen

1t\'.q~1 ..........

~

~~·~~Y~\

~~1 ·f'YI\~\

Sleeping pill nyee-rpen

~~\'£\'\\

Thermometer tsha-wa ta-je

~~-,~\\

84

~~·t~"l

Useful Words Cavity

-----

khog-tong

P'~·~c_·,

Dentist

...-e-. ............ ~~iN,'~\

so'i am-ji Denture

~&~\

so-tshab Extract

~\~\

ko-paa Toothache

so'i na-tsha

~~·«;1

1. Do you know a good dentist?

so'i am-ji ya-ga chi gyi.i yo-pey? ...... ~. ~ _..~1"\~·~·~.q,(,~~·'lt~·~\':.l..t'.ll

~

2. Yes, there is a good dentist at the government hospital.

yo. zhung-gi l'f1en-khang nang so'i am-ji yag-po yo-rey.

3. I have a very painful toothache.

nga so zhe-daa na-gi dhoo. -"

CO....

~~·~·~-~~y~~

4. Can you please do something about it?

dhi la thab-she gang-yang r,ang thub-gi re-pey? C\

........

0..'-

Q.\~·~~1~,~~~-,~~q_·~~~~

85

5. Yes, your tooth has to be extracted. rey. khye-rang gi so dhe ko-go ji-gi rey. ~~~.

~ ~""~y~r'\~1~·'\.. \4.\~w---\1

"'

........

t:-.. __...

--

6. My filling has come out. ngay so gyang-pa dhe go-zhaa.

~~~~·14\~~ 7. Can you fill it again? yang-kyaa gyang thub-gi re-pey?

~~~~~~"\~1 8. Yes, it will take only 15 minutes. rey. kar-ma cho-nga ma-to gor-gi ma rey.

~~ ~~pr:~~~-~-~-~~~~~~~ 9. Can you fix this broken tooth? so chaa-kyo dhi zo thub-gi re-pey?

10. lt has to be removed completely. dhi chha-tshang ko-go rey. I">.

,.,.__

.....-

.....-""

~~tli~·~'t1~·'\~~-;[,~~ \ \ \ \

,,

11. My gums are sore. ngay so-sha la 111a ~o-dhoo.

12. Please clean my teeth. ngay so tsang-ma ~o-ro oang.

86

13. I have a cavity. ngay so khog-tong chtiaa-shaa.

"'v-v--....-

"~~·(1:\~,~~~

14. Please remove the decayed tooth. so riie-pa dhe kog-ro r;~ang.

_. ;)., ....,.--.....-' ~~~~\~,,~~~--,~"\

15. I do not want this tooth extracted. nga so dhi ko-gi meyn • ._....""

.,.--e--._e--._

~~-o._'\~~~~~~

16. I have broken this denture. ngay so-tshab dhi chhaa-song. ""' -:s- "" --l:..~~·llbq·~~~,~~~

17. Can you repair this denture? so-tshab dhi ~o r;~ang thub-gi re-pey?

--.J'-. "" ---

c-."'

lf-1'~~\.q~,~~q~\~~,

18. Yes, it will be ready tomorrow. rey. sang.nyin tshar-gi rey.

~\~")~~~

0"'7

PARTS OF THE BODY

1. Abdomen do-kho 2. Ankle bol-gong 3. Arm lag-ngar 4. Armpit chen-khung 5. Back to-gey 6. Backbone gel-tshig 7. Belly do-khog 8. Blood traa 9. Body ~ug-po

10. Bone rue-go 11. Brain le-pa 12. Breast bang-kho/nu-ma 13. Calf nyab-ree 14. Cheek kho-tsho 15. Chest bang-kho

c-...

~"'l·~~~,

._.,...,-

~\~

_,_. qtat~''

~-~,

at Hi~~,

._... J\'\~1

"~~~,

~~ ~

--

~~-~,

..,~,

~\ _.

~~~~,

...

"~'

~~1

--

~~~

88

16. Chin me-le

~~~

17. Collarbone jing-tshig

~~~,

18. Ear am-cho

"'{at~

19. Earlobe r:ea-shel 20. Elbow du-mo 21. Eye l"fliQ 22. Eyebrow l"flig-~i

'

~4~1

_.. ~

~ c-...

c-...

~4~1

23. Eyelash 111ig-pu

""~'!t1

24. Eyelid 111ig-paa

~·~,

25. Face dhong

~~"'\

26. Finger zu-gu

~~·~~

27. Finger nail say-mo

'~at\

28. Foot/feet kang-pa 29. Genitals pho-mo'i tshen-ma 30. Gums so-sha 31. Hair (on head) ta

--

.,--

--

~"~' ~~~~~ .,--

..4 !!1 89

32. Hair {on body) pu 33. Hand lag-pa 34. Heart nying 35. Heel ting-pa 36. Hip chee-go 37. Jaw dam-pa 38. Knee pee-mo 39. Leg kang-pa 40. Lip chho-to 41. Mouth Kha 42. Navel tey-waa 43. Nose l}a-gu 44. Nostril l}a-khung 45. Palm lag-thee 46. Penis jellig-pa 47. Rib tsig-maa

tl1 ~~1 ~

'"1 0'\

j"-~1

~ 0..

-

~~,

..........

~~·~1

~"~'

-

a{~j1

~"1 ...... ,-.q,

~~ ~~~·1 c-...

-.,·~"'\,

......

"'

~~/lft"'1

~~·~,

90

48. Shoulder pung-pa 49. Skin pag-pa 50. Skull kab-li 51. Sole kang-thee 52. Stomach do-kho 53. Temple yar-khung 54. Thigh te-sha 55. Throat mig-pa 56. Thumb lag-pay the-po 57. Toe kang-pay the-po 58. Tongue che-le 59. Vagina tu 60. Waist kye-pa 61. Wrist lag-tshig

~":q'

...

~ ·~\

...

,~·~,

....

~~~~,

----

~~

~·~~1

~4 ..__ ~~, C'.

,

__

~~~·~~ tJ'o..

,_

·tlt''~"~·q~l

,, '

l1 ~\4

~~'

Q1

STORES AND SERVICES

1. Antique shop oa-ngotshong-khang

~~·~('\~,

2. Bakery baa-le tshong-khang

~~~"'\

3. Bank ngul-khang 4. Bar chhang-khang 5. Barber ta zhar-khen 6. Bookshop dhebtshong-khang 7. Clothing store dhug-lo tshong-khang

!!~~~~~

~~~~~c.:,

~~:t~\

8. Electrical supplies log-chheytshong-khang

-aM·~·&~, -6"

9. Fruit store shing-tog tshong-khang

4~~11'~,

10. Furniture store zin-chhey tshong .. khang 11 . Jewellery store gyen-chhatshong-khang 12. Laundary/washerman tran-tru gyab-khen 13. Market trom 14. Musical instrument rol-chhay yab-chhey 15. Newsstand tshag-paatshong-khang

92

~~~~"' ~·t'~,,

16. Shoe-maker hang-go ~o-khen 17. Shoe store hang-go tshong-khang

7~·.ct'f"~~~ ,~.~'~I

18. Tailor tshem-bu gyab-khen 19. Toy shop tse-chhey tshong-khang

)\ell~·~~~

20. Vegetable store tshay tshong-khang

~·"t'c:.:fl'~\

21. Watch-maker chhu-tsho ~o-khen 22. Wines and liquor shop a-raa tshong-khang

~5.l~~q·~pq~\

~~'(-~\ ~,.~c:.:\

DOMESTIC ITEMS

~~~,

1. Ashtray tha-ro lug-l'}o 2. Bottle opener shay-dham kha chhe-ya 3. Broom chhaa-ma 4. Candle yang-laa 5. Chair kub-kyaa 6. Cup ka-yol

..-

..-

~~~·~'\\

'

....

~·'\~-pq~~

~"6{1

~-..1 ~q·~,~~ V" '\~.q~,

7. Frying pan tshay-lang 8. Knife di 9. Ladle kyog

J€~·~"1

""~1

_.,

"~'

10. Lamp zhu-maa 11. Light bulb log-gi shay-to 12. Match tsag-da 13. Plate tha-paa 14. Pots and pans ha-yang 15. Spoon thu-maa

~~1·

iM~1~ ~t\1 ~,

' 04"1 ~~\

94

16. Stove thab

17. Table chog-tse 18. Tea pot kho-tee

...,.....,

....,_.CLOTHING AND ACCESSORIES ~~·04~/ ~~~,

1. Belt kye-raa 2. Blouse won-joo 3. Boots Iham 4. Bra wo-shub 5. Cap zha-mo 6. Coat kor 7. Dress dhug-lo 8. Earrings a-long 9. Glove lag-shub 10. Handkerchief lag-rey 11. Hat zha-mo 12. Pant gu-thung 13. Raincoat chhaa-kheb 14. Ring (finger) tshi-kho 15. Scarf kha-ti

"'~~ ......

~,,

,~,

-r'

"~~1

--

~·~1

-"'~'

..--

~~·~

-

~-~,,

~~~ ~~"(1

...-

~~\

-

,~,,

-.

~l:l~,

~~~lq~\

"'

~~~

96

16. Shirt to-thung 17. Shoe hang-go 18. Shoe-lace Iham-do 19. Slippers chappal* 20. Socks u-su/om-su 21. Trousers gu-thung 22. Umbrella nyi-dhoo

....,.-

'~"1

'~ _. ,~·~,

~-"'~' ~~~

~~\ .....

,~~\

* This is a Tibetanised Hindi word and commonly used by Tibetans in India.

07

COLOURS

1. Black nag-po 2. Blue rigon-po 3. Brown gya-I'J'U9 4. Green jang-khu

5. Red rpar-po 6. White kar-po

7. Yellow ser-po 8. Cream kya-ser 9. Dark kha-nag-po 1o. Gold/golden ser-dhog 11. Grey thal-dhog 12. Light kha-kar-po 13. Orange li-wang 14. Pink ~ing-kya

15. Purple mu-men

16. Silver rigul-dhog 17. Tan I'JIUg-po

99

MATERIALS

1. Aluminium ha-yang 2. Brass raa 3. Bronze Ii-ma 4. Ceramics za-chhey 5. Copper ~ang

6. Coral ju-ru 7. Cotton ting-bel/rey 8. Crystal shay-~ug.

9. Dzi ~i

10. Fur pu 11. Glass shay 12. Gold ser 13. Iron eh aa 14. Jade zu'e 15. Leather ko-wa

ta;1 ,.~~,

",

~~, ~·~\ ~~~~

~~ 1::'-..

~:~~;""~\

4~~~1 ~

,~,

~1 ......

4t3.ll ........_

,~l ~q;~,

\

~~\

_.,

~(~\

100

\

16. Magnet ngar-chaa

~1~~,

17. Metal chag-rig

'¥,~-,,~1

18. Pearl mu-tig 19. Silk du-tsi 20. Silver rigu'e 21. Steel dhang-chaa 22. Stone dho 23. Torquoise yu 24. Wood shing 25. Wool bel

~

e-.._

~n

~~~\'~\ ~~1 ~~·~,~~

v~\ ,~1 e-...

4'1 -qa.t\

101

c-...

MEAT 1. Beef tang-sha 2. Chicken ja-sha 3. Dried meat shakam-po

4'~Zf\~1

~"~ ~ -..r"

~~~·~\

4. Fried meat shango-ma

4".q"~·~1

5. Frozen meat khyag-sha

~~

6. Kidney khay-ma 7. Liver chhin-pa 8. Meat of yak yag-sha 9. Mutton of goat ra-sha 10. Mutton of sheep lug-sha

"'¥-'

~pq~·~, t:-...

~~~\ ,~~4

~4

~~4

11. Pork phag-sha

·~

12. Sausage gyu-ma

~~,

13. Tripe do-pa

~~,

102

i;Q.1~~1

VEGETABLES

..,---

1. Cabbage lo-kho pe-tshay 2. Carrot gung la-phu 3. Cauliflower me-to pe-tshay 4. Chilli si-pen

~

~·~""\ ~,

~~~~~t ....... ...,_..

~

~~""1\ ~~

5. Dried bean te-ma kam-po 6. Green bean te-maso-pa 7. Green pepper so-lo (si-pen) iigon-po 8. Lettuce pe-tshay 9. Onion tsong 10. Potato zho-kho 11. Radish la-phu 12. Spice I'J1en-rJa 13. Tomato to-ma-to*

~~1 I

..,-

~:~r~~·t.t\

-

~~~~~-~\ ~..,.-

~·(){·~~1.{1

~\at~1 -.,:;"

~,

~~ ~-~

~~·~\ ~

-v--

~-~-~,

* This is adopted into Tibetan as there is no Tibetan equivalent for tomato.

103

~

GRAINS AND CEREALS

1. Barley ney 2. Corn/maize 111a-ken 3. Flour do-zhib 4. Lentils sen (ten) chhung 5. Rice dey 6. Tsampa tsam-pa 7. Wheat do

~~~~1 ~~\

~"1~1

~,, ~'\~"\ ~~\ !'~"~'\ V"

~'\

104

FRUITS 1. Apple ku-shu 2. Apricot nga-ri kham-bu

3. Banana ke-laa* 4. Coconut be-ta 5. Mango am 6. Peach kham-bu

7. Pear li

....--

c-..

---9~:'79

~~1 c-...

~"~"'~~~~;l

"""~-~, I , '

~}\ ~~\

(~·'11)

~~~~ ~

~1

There seems to be no common Tibetan word for banana, the Hindi word (ke-laa) is used here as it can be understood by the Tibetans living in India.

105

CAMERAANDPHOTOGRAPHY 1. Is there a studio here?dhay par-khang yo re-pey?

~~'4"'PQ.J:.:~~\~1 2. Yes, there are many studios. yo rey. par-khang mang-po yo-rey. --'

~..,-,

~~1 ~~~c:.;q·~~~\

3. I want a roll of film. nga la ping-sho chig go. ~--~-a;:~-~~~,~-~,~~

4. Do you have colour films? khey-rang la tshon-tray ping-sho yo-pey?

5. Yes, we have colour films. la yo. nga-tshor tshon-tray ping-sho yo • ...,-

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6. I want a roll of colour films. nga-la tshon-tray ping-sho chig go. ""!$'

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7. I want this reel developed. nga ping-sho dhi tru-go yo. 0\

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106

8. Can I have a passport photograph taken here?

dhay paa-say par gyab thub-gi re-pey?

~"1i·~~~~~l{~l4~1 9. Yes, we can make it in any size you want.

la re. par chhe-chhung ga-re go-nay ,o-gi yo. ~.

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~"'"' ~~~,~'\~~~~.q~~·~'\1 10. Do you repair cameras?

dhay par-chhey ,o-cho gyab-gi yo-pey?

~~~~·.q~.q~·.q~.q~~'4~1 11. No, we don't repair cameras.

la mey. par-chhey ~o-cho gyab-gi mey•

...

107

LAUNDRY AND DRYCLEANING 1. Is there a drycleaner around here? dhi-khullog-tru gyab-khen yo re-pey?

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2. Yes, there is a drycleaner here. yo rey. tog-tru gyab-khen yo-rey.

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3. Please show it to me. thu-je-zee. nga-la ton-ro oang.

~).·~~~~ ~~-j8;~~~~~ 4. Dryclean this coat. kor dhi log-tru gyab-ro. _..

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5. What are the charges for drycleaning? log-tru gyab-la ga-tshey rey .

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6. Five Rupee for coats. kor la go-mo tiga .

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7. Four Rupees for pants. gu-thung la go-mo zhi. ......., .......... e-.. ·T·'~'~.'f-'~~~1 ~.

108

8. Three rupees for a shirt. to-thung la go-mo sum.

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9. When can I get the clothes back? dhug-lo dhi-tsho ga-dhu raa-gi rey?

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~-~,·"\if,·~~~~4~1 10. Day-after-tomorrow morning. l}ang-liyin zho-khey. e-.~

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11 . Please call a washerman. dhug-lo tru-khen chig key tang-ro l}ang.

12. Please wash this in hot water. dhi chhu tsha-po-la tru-ro l}ang.

~i-~-~~~-~~"1 13. Please wash this in cold water. dhi chhu dang-mo-la tru-ro l}ang.

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14. Please wash this in lukewarm water. dhi chhu do-jam-la tru-ro l}ang. e'\

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15. The colour of this is not fast. dhee tsho-zhi ten-po mey. l:'ol".....rt'

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109

16. Please take care of this. dhi-la zo-po l'}ang-ro. C\

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17. I want these clothes back by tommorow morning. dhug-lo dhi-tsho sang-zhog go-yo• ...,..... "'.....:( _.. ...,..... ....,., ~·~~'G\\ar-~""fl~~·\,~·~~1 18. Please remove the stain from this shirt. to-thung dhee nag-thig me-pa ~o-ro Qang. ~ e-.. "'""" ................. ~~~"~\~~.qr~~·~~\~·q~~,~.,~"1

19. You haven't washed this properly. khey-rang-gi dhi yag-po tru min-dhoo. "

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20. Please wash this again. dhi yang-kyaa tru-ro nang.

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21. Please see that the buttons are not broken. theb-chi rpa-chaa-pa Qang-ro Qang.

110

ACCIDENT 1. There has been a car accident. mo-ta dhab-kyon joong-sha.

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2. Call a doctor immediately. lam-sang am-ji chi key tang-shog.

~~"~~l~~-f\\\~~~1 3. Did anybody die in the accident? dhab-kyon dhay-nang mi-la sog-kyon jung dhugey?

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4. No, but it is very serious. min-dhoo. yin-nay tshab chhen-po zhe-daa reshag. ~

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5. Take him to hospital immediately. khong lam-sang l')len-khang la tri.

?'.:..:~~~~~5f~\1 6. Take him to the emergency ward. khong za-daa l')len-cho dhe-tshen la tri. ~rJ:n ._- " ' J::t· 0... ~"~~\Sf~.q~.tlf~~-1~·~\

7. She has fainted. mo den-mey chhaa dhoo.

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111

8. My leg is bleeding. ngay kang-pa ney traa thon-gi dhoo.

9. Is it a fracture. chhag-kyon jung dhu-gey? -.r"

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10. I think so. rey sam-gi dhoo.

~~"'~.~~~~ 11. I will take an x-ray of your foot. ngey khye-rang gi kang-paa log-paa gyab-gi yin.

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112

WEATHER 1. How is the weather today? dhe-ring r:-am-shi ga-day dhoo?

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3. lt looks like it will rain. chhar-pa bab-dho kha-po dhoo.

4. lt is windy. lhag-pa tsha-po dhoo. ..,..., ;~~·~·af'4·~

5. lt might snow at night. tshen-na gung-la gang bab-sa rey.

~·~·"~·~c.;~·,'\~'1\,l:l.q~~, 6. lt is a beautiful day. dhe-ring r:-am-shi zhi-daa yag-po dhoo.

~~~~~~~·~~~~ 7. How was the weather yesterday? kha-sang r:-am-shi ga-day jung-song?

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113

8. lt was lovely throughout the day. nyin-gang kyi-po jung-song. ... ~..... ._,

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9. The weather is now clearing. r,am-shi dhang do-gi dhoo. ~

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10. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? sang-nyin gi r,am-shi ngon-dha ga-re dhoo?

11 . lt will snow tomorrow. sang-nyin gang bab-gi rey.

~"~~·'\.qq~~'\\ 12. Does it rain everyday? nyin-taa chhaa-pa bab-gi dhu-gey? ...._ ..... ,~.,~~~-~~·~~.,~1

13. lt rains only sometimes. chhaa-pa tsham-tsham-la ma-to tang-gi min-dhoo. ~~·~arSI_~·~a€~~·"'·~~·~~~~,

14. What is the best time to visit this place? sa-chha dhay yong-yey dhu-tsho yag-sho ga-du rey?

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114

15. Spring is the best time. chee-ka yag-sho rey.

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115

TIME 1. What is the time? chhu-tsho ga-tshey rey? .(~,-~~~

2. lt is 8 a. m. (nga-do'i) chhu-tsho gye-pa rey.

('!~) t\q~\~~~ 3. lt is 8 p.m. (gong-do'i) chhu-tsho gye-pa rey.

(\~~:) ~~\~~ 4. lt is exactly half-past three. chhu-tsho sum-dhang chhe-ka tag-ta rey.

~~~~·~~1~~~1 5. lt is quarter past four. chhu-tsho zhi-dhang kar-ma cho-liga rey.

~·:f'\~'fflf'~·.q~~ 6. lt is quarter to four. chhu-tsho ~hi-pa ~im-paa kar-ma cho-nga rey. ...,;

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7. lt is ten minutes to six. chhu-tsho dug-pa ~im-paa kar-ma chu rey.

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116

8. lt is ten minutes past six. chhu-tsho dug-pa yol-ney kar-ma chu rey• ...,:'

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9. What time are you going? khey-rang chhu-tsho ga-tshey la phe-gey?

~'\~~·i\:qyii\~?4.q~-~~~ 10. I will go at 3 O'clock. nga chhu-tsho sum-paa do-gi yin • ....,:

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11. What time will you return? khye-rang chhu-tsho ga-tshey la lo yong-gey? ..... ·~ .. -~.. llr::.·. -- .._.. "'\~"\'- \~·~~",~\

12. I will return tomorrow morning at ten. sang-zho chhu-tsho chu-paa lo yong-gi yin. ~ .._.._.. ..... ~

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13. Second kar-cha 14. Minute kar-ma 15. Hour chhu-tsho 16. In the morning zho-kheylliga-do

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17. In the evening gong-do 18. In the afternoon nyin-gung gyab-la

117

19. At noon nyin-gung 20. At night tshen-mo 21. Day-before-yesterday khay-nyin-mo 22. Yesterday kha-sang/khay-sa 23. Today dhe-ring 24. Tomorrow sang-nyin 25. Day-after-tomorrow Qang-nyin 26. Last. ... ligon-may 27. Last time kha-sing 28. Last month dha-wa ngon-ma 29. Last week dhun-traa ligon-ma 30. Last year lo ligon-ma 31. Next.. .. je-may 32. Next time je-maa 33. Next Sunday je-may ~a-nyi-ma 34. Next month dha-wa je-ma

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118

35. This year lo-dhildha-lo 36. This month dha-wa dhi 37. This week dhun-traa dhi 38. This time dha-ta/kab-dhay 39. A little later to-tsam-ney 40. As soon as possible gang gyog-gy()9

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41. Immediately lam-sang 42. Right now dha-ta-rang

119

DAYS OF THE WEEK

1. Sunday ~a nyi-ma 2. Monday

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3. Tuesday ~a mig-maa

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4. Wednesday ~alhag-pa

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5. Thursday ~a phur-bu 6. Friday ~a pa-sang

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7. Saturday ~a pen-pa 8. What day is today? dhe-ring ~a ga-re rey? ~4:'\

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9. Today is Friday. dhe-ring ~a pa-sang rey.

\~,~~~·~~~~\ 10. I thought it is Sunday. ngey ~a nyi-ma rey sam-joong.

~·,~~,~~~~~~·1 11. When did you arrive? khe-rang ga-dhu phe-pey?

~~",~~~q~·~\ 120

12. I arrived here last Sunday.

nga kha-sing ~a nyi-ma la jor-pa yin.

~~~~,~~,~·t2.\·~~·~~\ 13. When are you leaving?

khe-rang ga-dhu phe-gey?

""~\''~T~~·~~~,~\ ""' 14. I am leaving on Wednesday.

nga ~a lhag-pay nyin-mo do-gi yin. ""'~~ ~~

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121

1. ~anuary chin-dha dhang-po 2. February chin~dha liyee-pa 3. March chin-dha sum-pa 4. April chin-dha zhi-pa 5. May chin-dha liga-pa 6. June chin-dha dug-pa 7. July chin-dha dhun-pa 8. August chin-dha gyay-pa 9. September chin-dha gu-pa 10. October chin-dha chu-pa 11. November chin-dha chu-chig 12. December chin-dha chu-nyi

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Months According to Tibetan Lunar Calendar 1. Bo-dha dhang-po 2. Bo-dha nyee-pa 3. Bo-dha sum-pa

122

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4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

Bo-dha zhi-pa Bo-dha nga-pa Bo-dha dug-pa Bo-dha dhun-pa Bo-dha gyay-pa Bo-dha gu-pa Bo-dha chu-pa Bo-dha chu-chig Bo-dha chu-nyi

Seasons 1. Spring chee-ka 2. Summer yar-kha 3. Autumn/Fall ton-ka 4. Winter gung-kha

1. When did you arrive here? khye-rang dhay ga-dhu phe-pa?

"~~~~·14~'~1 " 2. I arrived here in March. nga dhay chin-dha sum-pa'i nang le-pa yin. c-.

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123

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Was the weather good then? dhe-dhu riam-shi yag-po dhoo-ga?

4. Yes, it was Spring and very pleasant. la dhoo. chee-ka yin-tsang zhe-daa kyi-po dhoo. o-..

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~·~~ ~'Tl·~~~~~~~·~~~·~~ 5. What is the date today? dhe-ring tshe-dang ga-re rey?

~~~~-:!l~~~~~1 6. Today is the 20th of August. dhe-ring chin-dha gyay-pa'i tshe nyi-shu rey.

~~~@\~C\~~~~~~1 7. When is the monsoon here? dhay chhar-dhu ga-dhu rey?

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8. June to August is the monsoon season here. chin-dha dug-pa ney gyay-pa bar chhar-dhu rey.

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9. Does it get very cold in winter? gung-kha riam-shi dang-mo zhe-daa chhaa-gi repa c-..

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10. Yes, very cold but it does not snow. rey. yin-na'i gang bab-gi min-dhoo. "

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