Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets, 2008

Children and AIDS Country Fact Sheets 2008

Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008 Companion to the Third Stocktaking Report

These country fact sheets were prepared by the Statistics and Monitoring Section, Division of Policy and Practice, UNICEF. Cover photo: © UNICEF/HQ06-2216/Giacomo Pirozzi; back cover photo: © UNICEF/HQ06-2212/ Giacomo Pirozzi. The paintings on the covers of this report are by children at the Maputo Day Hospital, Mozambique, a UNICEF-supported facility providing medicine and psychosocial support, including counselling and antiretroviral therapy, to children living with HIV. UNAIDS, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, brings together the efforts and resources of 10 UN system organizations to the global AIDS response. Co-sponsors include UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP, UNDP, UNFPA, UNODC, ILO, UNESCO, WHO and the World Bank. Based in Geneva, the UNAIDS secretariat works on the ground in more than 75 countries worldwide.

2   UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008

CONTENTS

Page iii

Note on the estimates

Page iv

Definitions and methodology

Page v

Notes on country data

Page vi

Note on zeros in charts

Page 1

Country fact sheets

Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7

Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Cook Islands Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Croatia Cuba Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt

Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45

UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008   i

Page 46 Page 47 Page 48 Page 49 Page 50 Page 51 Page 52 Page 53 Page 54 Page 55 Page 56 Page 57 Page 58 Page 59 Page 60 Page 61 Page 62 Page 63 Page 64 Page 65 Page 66 Page 67 Page 68 Page 69 Page 70 Page 71 Page 72 Page 73 Page 74 Page 75 Page 76 Page 77 Page 78 Page 79 Page 80 Page 81 Page 82 Page 83 Page 84 Page 85 Page 86 Page 87 Page 88 Page 89 Page 90 Page 91 Page 92 Page 93 Page 94 Page 95 Page 96 Page 97 Page 98 Page 99 Page 100 Page 101

El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Fiji Gabon Gambia Georgia Ghana Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Jamaica Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People’s Democratic Republic Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Niue Occupied Palestinian Territory Oman

Page 102 Page 103 Page 104 Page 105 Page 106 Page 107 Page 108 Page 109 Page 110 Page 111 Page 112 Page 113 Page 114 Page 115 Page 116 Page 117 Page 118 Page 119 Page 120 Page 121 Page 122 Page 123 Page 124 Page 125 Page 126 Page 127 Page 128 Page 129 Page 130 Page 131 Page 132 Page 133 Page 134 Page 135 Page 136 Page 137 Page 138 Page 139 Page 140 Page 141 Page 142 Page 143 Page 144 Page 145 Page 146 Page 147 Page 148 Page 149 Page 150 Page 151 Page 152 Page 153 Page 154 Page 155 Page 156 Page 157

Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Qatar Republic of the Congo Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Swaziland Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Thailand The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Republic of Tanzania Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe

ii   UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008

Children and AIDS: country fact sheets 2008

The ‘Children and AIDS Fact Sheets’ in this publication reflect the situation of children affected by AIDS in low- and middle-income countries and territories. They capture the minimum data needed to monitor progress associated with Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS in relation to the ‘Four Ps’: Prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV; Provide paediatric treatment; Prevent infection among adolescents and young people; and Protect and support children affected by HIV and AIDS. The fact sheets contain statistics currently available in UNICEF global databases on key indicators for children and AIDS. These databases contain only statistically sound and nationally representative data from household surveys, including Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), and national programme statistics. The statistics in the fact sheets include estimates and indicators: • The estimates are generated from statistical models and are used to establish the magnitude of the problem. The estimates are included in the fact sheets for informational purposes. • The indicators are collected at the country level through populationbased surveys or programme data. They provide data regarding a country’s response to a particular issue associated with the epidemic and are used to monitor changes over time. The indicators included in the fact sheets are the primary ones required for the United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) on HIV and AIDS reporting or other global commitments. Where trend data exist, graphs are included in the fact sheets to show changes in coverage or service delivery over time for selected indicators.

NOTE ON THE ESTIMATES In August 2008, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) released new global HIV and AIDS estimates for 2007, which were derived from a more refined estimation methodology and reflect the availability of more reliable data from population-based surveys and expanded national sentinel surveillance systems in a number of countries. Differences between the new UNAIDS and WHO estimates are, for the most part, lower than estimates published in previous reports; the differences between these newly generated estimates and previously published estimates are not related to trends over time, and therefore the new and previous estimates are not comparable. Trends over time may be assessed, however, using UNAIDS methodological revisions applied retrospectively to all earlier HIV prevalence data. More details on the estimates methodology for HIV and AIDS can be found at <www.unaids.org>. The following estimates are still under review and were not available at the time of this 2008 issue of the country fact sheets: • Estimated number of children in need of antiretroviral treatment (ART). • Percentage of children in need receiving ART.

UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008   iii

DEFINITIONS AND METHODOLOGY General • Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate:

Percentage of adults aged 15–49 living with HIV as of 2007.

Prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV • Antenatal care coverage: Percentage of women

aged 15–49 attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel, i.e., doctors, nurses or midwives. These data are collected from household surveys, including DHS and MICS. • Estimated number of births per year: Estimated number of live births in 2007. • Estimated number of HIV+ pregnant women: Estimated number of pregnant women living with HIV as of 2007. • Number and % of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT: Number of pregnant women who tested positive for HIV during visits to antenatal clinics and were provided with antiretrovirals (ARVs) to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The percentage of HIVinfected women who received ARVs for PMTCT is calculated by dividing the reported number of HIV-infected pregnant women who received ARVs for PMTCT by the estimated unrounded number of HIV-infected pregnant women in 2007. The point estimates and ranges are given for countries with a generalized epidemic, whereas only ranges are given for countries with a low or concentrated epidemic. Ranges in coverage estimates are based on plausibility (uncertainty) bounds in the denominator, i.e., low and high estimated number of HIV-infected pregnant women. Because the numerator and denominator are derived from different sources and developed utilizing different methods, care should be taken in interpreting changes over time with respect to this indicator. This is an UNGASS indicator.

Provide paediatric HIV treatment • Estimated number of children living with HIV:

Estimated number of children aged 0–14 living with HIV as of 2007. • Number and % of infants born to HIV+ women receiving cotrimoxazole prophylaxis within two months of birth: These data are collected from national programme records that include public and private providers. The denominator of the percentage is the estimated number of HIV-positive pregnant women as a proxy for infants in need of cotrimoxazole, while the numerator reflects programme data. Because the numerator and denominator are derived from different sources and developed utilizing different methods, care should be taken in interpreting changes over time with respect to this indicator.

• Number and % of infants born to HIV+ women receiving a virological

test for HIV diagnosis within two months of birth: These data are collected from national programme records including public and private providers. The denominator of the percentage is the estimated number of children born to HIV-positive pregnant women. Assuming the ratio of one child to one mother, the figure of HIVexposed children is assumed to be equal to the number of HIV-positive pregnant women. In addition, because the denominator is based on an estimate, while the numerator is based on programme data, care should be taken in interpreting changes over time with respect to this indicator. • Estimated number of children in need of ART: Estimated number of children aged 0–14 living with HIV in need of antiretroviral treatment (ART). • Number and % of children in need receiving ART: Number of children aged 0–14 living with HIV receiving ART as of 2007. These data are collected from national programme records and should include data from public and private providers. The denominator of the percentage is the estimated number of children in need of ART, while the numerator reflects programme data. Because the numerator and denominator are derived from different sources and developed utilizing different methods, care should be taken in interpreting changes over time with respect to this indicator.

Prevent infection among adolescents and young people • Estimated HIV prevalence among young people aged 15–24:

•

•

• •

•

•

•

Percentage of young men and women aged 15–24 living with HIV as of 2007. These estimates are generated from statistical models for most countries. More recently, an increasing number of countries that include HIV testing in population-based surveys are reporting from these sources. HIV prevalence among most-at-risk populations: Behavioural Surveillance Surveys (BSS) of groups with behaviours that put them at high risk of HIV infection collect these data. These data are also compiled in UNAIDS’ 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. This is an UNGASS indicator. Knowledge of HIV prevention among young people aged 15–24: Percentage of young men and women aged 15–24 who correctly identify the two major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV (using condoms and limiting sex to one faithful, uninfected partner); who reject the two most common local misconceptions about HIV transmission; and who know that a healthy-looking person can transmit HIV. This is an UNGASS and MDG indicator and is collected routinely in household surveys. Sex before age 15 among young people aged 15–19: Percentage of young people aged 15–19 who say they had sex before age 15. This is an UNGASS indicator and is collected routinely in household surveys. % of young people aged 15–24 who had sex with more than one partner in the past 12 months: Percentage of young men and women aged 15–24 who have had sexual intercourse with more than one partner during the past 12 months. This is an UNGASS indicator and is collected in household surveys. % of young people aged 15–24 with multiple partners and who used a condom at last sex: Percentage of young men and women aged 15–24 who had more than one partner during the past 12 months reporting the use of a condom during their last sexual intercourse. This is an UNGASS and MDG indicator and is collected in household surveys. % of sex workers who used a condom with their most recent client: Percentage of female and male sex workers reporting the use of a condom with their most recent client. Behavioural Surveillance Surveys collect this indicator. This is an UNGASS indicator. % of injecting drug users (IDUs) who used sterile equipment at last injection: Percentage of IDUs reporting the use of sterile injecting

iv   UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008

equipment the last time they injected. Behavioural Surveillance Surveys collect this indicator. This is an UNGASS indicator. • % of men who used a condom the last time they had sex with a male partner: Percentage of men reporting the use of a condom the last time they had sexual intercourse. Data for this indicator are collected from Behavioural Surveillance Surveys. This is an UNGASS indicator.

NOTES ON COUNTRY DATA For indicators where data are from surveys, the country fact sheets in this publication include data only for countries that conducted nationally representative surveys between 2002 and 2007.

Antenatal care coverage • Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Lao People’s Democratic Republic,

Liberia, Maldives, Mauritania, Myanmar, Oman, Sudan, Tunisia and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): Antenatal care coverage data are from nationally representative surveys conducted before 2002 and therefore not included in the fact sheets for these countries. These data may be found in the Annex of Children and AIDS: Third Stocktaking Report 2008.

Protect and support children affected by HIV and AIDS • Estimated number of children orphaned by all

•

•

•

•

causes: Estimated number of children aged 0–17 who have lost one or both parents to any cause as of 2007. Estimated number of children orphaned by AIDS: Estimated number of children aged 0–17 who have lost one or both parents to AIDS as of 2007. Estimated number of double orphans due to all causes: Estimated number of children aged 0–17 who have lost both their biological mother and father to any cause as of 2007. Orphan school attendance ratio: Percentage of children aged 10–14 who have lost both biological parents and are currently attending school as a percentage of non-orphaned children of the same age whose parents are both alive, are living with at least one parent and are attending school. This is an UNGASS and MDG indicator and is collected routinely in household surveys. % of orphans receiving external support: Percentage of orphaned and vulnerable children whose households received free basic external support in caring for the child. These data are collected from household surveys.

Number of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT • Data for several countries were reported from January 2007 but not for the full year to December. The projection to a 12-month period is based on the monthly value (see the following table for these countries and the reported values).

Countries for which the numbers of HIV-infected pregnant women who received ARVs for PMTCT are projected Country

Date and month of reported value

Bahamas

January–September 2007

Reported value

Cameroon

January–October 2007

6,263

Central African Republic

January–June 2007

1,857

Côte d’Ivoire

January–July 2007

1,890

Eritrea

January–October 2007

140

Gambia

January–September 2007

100

Guinea

January–September 2007

509

Jamaica

January–June 2007

146

Kenya

January–June 2007

26,429

Myanmar

January–October 2007

Niger

January–June 2007

Panama

January–September 2007

53

Paraguay

January–November 2007

129

Rwanda

January–November 2007

5,945

South Africa

January–September 2007

95,373

58

1,067 503

• Armenia (2006): Data source is World Health Organization, Sexually

• • • • •

Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS Programme, WHO/Europe Survey on HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy, 31 December 2006, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, 2007. Bangladesh (2006): Data were provided by a non-governmental organization and are not national-level data. China (2007): From 271 programme counties, January–September 2007. Papua New Guinea (2006): Data were collected only from Port Moresby Hospital; these do not reflect national-level data. Sudan (2007): Northern Sudan reported 3 for the period August– December 2007, and southern Sudan reported 6 for the period January–December 2007, giving a total of 9. Thailand (2006): Country report indicates that only 80 per cent of data were reported.

UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008   v

Number of children in need receiving ART • Albania (2006): Data source is WHO, Sexually

•

•

• •

•

• • • •

• •

• •

Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS Programme, WHO/Europe Survey on HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy, 31 December 2006, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, 2007. Armenia (2006): Data source is WHO, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS Programme, WHO/Europe Survey on HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy, 31 December 2006, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, 2007. Bulgaria (2006): Data source is WHO, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS Programme, WHO/Europe Survey on HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy, 31 December 2006, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, 2007. China (2007): From 271 programme counties, January–September 2007. Côte d’Ivoire (2006): Only partial data are reported, from Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation and ACONDA-VS, an NGO; national-level data are not reflected. Croatia (2006): Data source is WHO, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS Programme, WHO/Europe Survey on HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy, 31 December 2006, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, 2007. Eritrea (2007): Data reported for the period January–October 2007. Gabon (2007): Data reported for the period September–December 2007. Guatemala (2007), Guinea (2007), Nicaragua (2007): Data reported for the period January– November 2007. Indonesia (2006): Data source is Expanded Inter-Agency Task Team (IATT) on Prevention of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women, Mothers and their Children, A Report Card on Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Paediatric HIV Care and Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Scaling up progress from 2004 to 2005, UNICEF, New York, February 2007. Iran (Islamic Republic of) (2007): Data reported for the period March 2006–February 2007. Iran (Islamic Republic of) (2006): Data source is WHO, UNAIDS and UNICEF, Towards Universal Access: Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector – Progress Report, April 2007, WHO, Geneva, 2007. Kenya (2007): Data reported for the period April–September 2007. Lao People’s Democratic Republic (2006): Data source is Expanded Inter-Agency Task Team (IATT) on Prevention of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women, Mothers and their Children, A Report Card on Prevention of Mother-toChild Transmission of HIV and Paediatric HIV

• • • •

• •

•

Care and Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Scaling up progress from 2004 to 2005, UNICEF, New York, February 2007. Liberia (2007) and Mali (2007): Data reported for the period January– August 2007. Oman (2006): Data source is WHO, UNAIDS and UNICEF, Towards Universal Access: Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector – Progress Report, April 2007, WHO, Geneva, 2007. Papua New Guinea (2006): Only Port Moresby Hospital data were reported; these do not reflect national-level data. Russian Federation (2006): Data source is WHO, UNAIDS and UNICEF, Towards Universal Access: Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector – Progress Report, April 2007, WHO, Geneva, 2007. Thailand (2006): Data are from 66 out of 76 provinces. Ukraine (2007): Ukrainian legislation states that virological tests for HIV diagnosis are provided to newborns at two and six months from birth. These data include the number of tests, not infants, because a system of monitoring is not in place to collect the number of infants tested. Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (2006): Data are reported from WHO Region of the Americas.

% of young people aged 15–24 who have comprehensive knowledge of HIV

• Egypt (2005) and Jordan (2002): Sample included ‘Ever Married Women’ (instead of all ‘All Women’).

• Indonesia (2002–2003): Sample included ‘Ever Married Women’ and ‘Currently Married Men’ (instead of ‘All Women and Men’).

• Republic of Moldova (2005) and Romania (2004): Did not include one component of the indicator.

% of young people aged 15–24 with multiple partners and who used a condom at last sex

• Reporting is based on small denominators (typically 25–49

unweighted cases) by the following countries: Armenia (2000), Benin (female value only; 2001), Burkina Faso (2006), Chad (female value only; 1977), the Gambia (2006), Ghana (female value only; 2003), India (female value only; 2005–2006), Marshall Islands (2007), Nepal (2006), Niger (2006), Peru (2007), Sao Tome and Principe (2006), Serbia (2005), Suriname (2006), Swaziland (female value only; 2007), The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (2005), Zambia (female value only; 2007), Zimbabwe (female value only; 2005–2006).

Orphan school attendance ratio

• Reporting of the proportion of orphans aged 10–14 attending school

is based on small denominators (typically 25–49 unweighted cases) in the following countries: Bolivia (2003), Burkina Faso (2006), Eritrea (1995), Ghana (1998, 2003 and 2006), Madagascar (1997 and 2000), Mongolia (2005), Nicaragua (2001), Niger (1992), Nigeria (2003), Peru (2000), Senegal (1992–1993 and 2000) and the United Republic of Tanzania (1999). • Indonesia (2002–2003): Sample included ‘Ever Married Women’ and ‘Currently Married Men’ (instead of ‘All Women and Men’). • Zambia (2005): Non-orphan rate is based on children aged 10–14 living in households with both biological parents present.

Note on zeros in charts Where zero was reported as the number of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT and number of children in need receiving ART, please note that only the year of the data – not the zero – is shown in the charts.

vi   UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008

Children Childrenand andAIDS AIDSfact factsheet: sheet:Afghanistan Afghanistan – –

Estimated adult HIVHIV prevalence raterate Estimated adult prevalence

PREVENT MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV PREVENT MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV

Antenatal care coverage Antenatal care coverage

16% 16%

Source: MICS, 20032003 Source: MICS,

Number of HIV+ pregnant women receiving Number of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for for PMTCT ARVs PMTCT 1,000 1,000 2005

Estimated number of births perper year Estimated number of births year

1,314,000 1,314,000

Source: UN Population Division, 20072007 Source: UN Population Division,

2006 2007

Estimated number of HIV+ pregnant women Estimated number of HIV+ pregnant women

– –

Number andand % of pregnant women receiving ARVs for for PMTCT Number % HIV+ of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs PMTCT

0 0

Source: MOH, 20072007 Source: MOH,

– –

Estimated number of children living withwith HIVHIV Estimated number of children living

Source: MOH, 20062006 Source: MOH,

Number andand % of born to HIV+ women receiving a virological testtest Number % infants of infants born to HIV+ women receiving a virological for for HIVHIV diagnosis within 2 months of birth diagnosis within 2 months of birth Source: MOH, 20062006 Source: MOH,

0 0

– –

0 0

– –

Estimated number of children in need of ART Estimated number of children in need of ART

– –

Number andand % of in need receiving ART Number % children of children in need receiving ART

600

PREVENT INFECTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE PREVENT INFECTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE M: M:

– –

F: F:

– –

FSW: FSW: 0.0% 0.0% IDU: IDU: 3.0% 3.0%

456 5467

400400

3456

546

456

546

5467

456

456 546 546 456

345

200200 2006 2006

2005

2007 2007

2005

234

2007

1090 1090

234

2006 of children in need 456receiving ART Number 2006 of children in need 456receiving ART Number

1,000 1,000 2007

800800 600600 400400 200200 0 0

2006 2006

2007 2007

% of people aged 15–24 withwith multiple partners %young of young people aged 15–24 multiple partners whowho used a condom at last sexsex used a condom at last

100100 80 80

Knowledge of HIV prevention among young people aged 15–24 Knowledge of HIV prevention among young people aged 15–24

M: M:

– –

F: F:

– –

60 60

SexSex before ageage 15 15 among young people aged 15–19 before among young people aged 15–19

M: M:

– –

F: F:

– –

40 40

Male Male 40

Female Female

40

20

20 2005 2005

% of people aged 15–24 whowho hadhad sexsex withwith more than oneone partner % young of young people aged 15–24 more than partner in the last 12 months in the last 12 months

M: M:

– –

F: F:

– –

Condom useuse at last sexsex among young people aged 15–24 withwith multiple Condom at last among young people aged 15–24 multiple partners partners

M: M:

– –

F: F:

– –

% of workers whowho used a condom withwith their most recent client % sex of sex workers used a condom their most recent client

M: M:

– –

F: F: 50% 50%

Source: UNAIDS, 20082008 Source: UNAIDS,

456 3456

345

– –

0 0

Source: MOH, 20072007 Source: MOH,

Source: UNAIDS, 20082008 Source: UNAIDS,

2007 600

– –

Number andand % of born to HIV+ women receiving cotrimoxazole Number % infants of infants born to HIV+ women receiving cotrimoxazole prophylaxis within 2 months of birth prophylaxis within 2 months of birth

HIVHIV prevalence among most-at-risk populations prevalence among most-at-risk populations

800800

2006

0 0

PROVIDE PAEDIATRIC HIV TREATMENT PROVIDE PAEDIATRIC HIV TREATMENT

Estimated HIVHIV prevalence among young people aged 15–24 Estimated prevalence among young people aged 15–24

2005

% of whowho used sterile equipment at last injection % IDUs of IDUs used sterile equipment at last injection Source: UNAIDS, 20082008 Source: UNAIDS,

% of whowho used a condom thethe lastlast timetime theythey hadhad sexsex withwith a male % men of men used a condom a male partner partner

46% 46%

Source: UNAIDS unpublished estimates, 20082008 Source: UNAIDS unpublished estimates,

Estimated number of children orphaned by by AIDS Estimated number of children orphaned AIDS

23 45

Source: UNAIDS unpublished estimates, 20082008 Source: UNAIDS unpublished estimates,

34 56

Female Female

HIVHIV prevalence among female sexsex workers (%)(%) prevalence among female workers

80 80 60 60

2005 2005

80

2006 2006

89

2007 2007

45

80 89 45

20 20 0 0

2,100,000 2,100,000 – –

1.5 1.5

2007 2007 Orphan school attendance ratio Orphan school attendance ratio 2005

370,000 370,000

1.0 1.0

2007 2006

Orphan school attendance ratio Orphan school attendance ratio

– –

% of receiving external support % orphans of orphans receiving external support

– –

M/FM/F = male/female; FSW = female sex sex workers; IDUIDU = injecting drugdrug users. Dash (–) means datadata not not available. = male/female; FSW = female workers; = injecting users. Dash (–) means available. * Represents the the uncertainty range around the the estimates. * Represents uncertainty range around estimates.

Male Male

34 56

100100

2006

Estimated number of double orphans by by all causes Estimated number of double orphans all causes

23 45

40 40

– –

PROTECT AND SUPPORT CHILDREN AFFECTED BY HIV AND AIDS PROTECT AND SUPPORT CHILDREN AFFECTED BY HIV AND AIDS

Estimated number of children orphaned by by all causes Estimated number of children orphaned all causes

0 0

2006 2006

2005

0.4

2006

0.5

2007

0.6

0.4 0.5 0.6

2006

0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 rev.rev. Sept. 2008 Sept. 2008 Rev. October 2008

UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008   1

Children and AIDS fact sheet: Albania –

Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate

Number of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT

PREVENT MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV

Antenatal care coverage

97%

Source: MICS, 2005

1,000 2005

Estimated number of births per year

52,000

Source: UN Population Division, 2007

800

2006

600

2007

Estimated number of HIV+ pregnant women

–

Number and % of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT

–

400

–

456 3456

546

456

546

5467

456

345

200 0

PROVIDE PAEDIATRIC HIV TREATMENT

Estimated number of children living with HIV

–

Number and % of infants born to HIV+ women receiving cotrimoxazole prophylaxis within 2 months of birth

–

–

Number and % of infants born to HIV+ women receiving a virological test for HIV diagnosis within 2 months of birth

–

–

2005

234

2006 of children in need 456 Number receiving ART

1,000 800

2007

1090

600

Estimated number of children in need of ART Number and % of children in need receiving ART

12

400

–

200

–

0

Source: MOH, 2007

PREVENT INFECTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE

5

12

2006

2007

M:

–

F:

–

% of young people aged 15–24 with multiple partners who used a condom at last sex

FSW:

–

IDU:

–

100

M:

–

F:

5.6%

Sex before age 15 among young people aged 15–19

M:

–

F:

–

% of young people aged 15–24 who had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months

M:

–

F:

–

Estimated HIV prevalence among young people aged 15–24

Male

HIV prevalence among most-at-risk populations Knowledge of HIV prevention among young people aged 15–24 Source: MICS, 2005

80

Female

40

60 40 20

2005

2006

Condom use at last sex among young people aged 15–24 with multiple partners

M:

–

F:

–

% of sex workers who used a condom with their most recent client

M:

–

F:

–

% of IDUs who used sterile equipment at last injection

46%

Source: BSS, 2005

% of men who used a condom the last time they had sex with a male partner

PROTECT AND SUPPORT CHILDREN AFFECTED BY HIV AND AIDS

Estimated number of children orphaned by AIDS Estimated number of double orphans by all causes

23

34

45

Male

56

Female

HIV prevalence among female sex workers (%) 100 80 60

2005

80

2006

89

2007

45

40

61%

Source: BSS, 2005

Estimated number of children orphaned by all causes

0

20 0

– – –

Orphan school attendance ratio 1.5 1.0

2005

0.4

2006

0.5

2007

0.6

2006

Orphan school attendance ratio

–

0.5

% of orphans receiving external support

–

0.0

M/F = male/female; FSW = female sex workers; IDU = injecting drug users. Dash (–) means data not available. * Represents the uncertainty range around the estimates.

2    UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008

rev. Sept. 2008

Rev. October 2008

Children and AIDS fact sheet: Algeria 0.1%

Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate Source: UNAIDS, 2008

Number of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT

PREVENT MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV

Antenatal care coverage

89%

Source: MICS, 2006

1,000 2005

Estimated number of births per year

704,000

Source: UN Population Division, 2007

800

2006

600

2007

Estimated number of HIV+ pregnant women

95%

2,000

–

1,000

–

0

1,827

Source: MOH, 2006

Estimated number of children in need of ART Number and % of children in need receiving ART

3,654

2005

Source: MOH, 2007

PREVENT INFECTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE

Estimated HIV prevalence among young people aged 15–24 HIV prevalence among most-at-risk populations

M:

0.6%

F:

0.3%

FSW:

–

IDU:

6.7%

Knowledge of HIV prevention among young people aged 15–24

M:

–

F:

–

Sex before age 15 among young people aged 15–19

M:

–

F:

–

100

Male

Female

40

60 40 20

% of young people aged 15–24 who had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months

M:

–

F:

–

Condom use at last sex among young people aged 15–24 with multiple partners

M:

–

F:

–

% of sex workers who used a condom with their most recent client

2007

% of young people aged 15–24 with multiple partners who used a condom at last sex

80

Source: UNAIDS, 2008

2006

2005

M:

% of IDUs who used sterile equipment at last injection

–

F:

– 65%

Source: UNAIDS, 2008

% of men who used a condom the last time they had sex with a male partner

91%

PROTECT AND SUPPORT CHILDREN AFFECTED BY HIV AND AIDS

Estimated number of double orphans by all causes

23

34

45

56

Male

Female

HIV prevalence among female sex workers (%) 100 80 60

2005

80

2006

89

2007

45

40

0

610,000

Source: UNAIDS unpublished estimates, 2008

Estimated number of children orphaned by AIDS

0

20

Source: UNAIDS, 2008

Estimated number of children orphaned by all causes

2006

– 15,000

Orphan school attendance ratio 1.5 1.0

Source: UNAIDS unpublished estimates, 2008

2005

0.4

2006

0.5

2007

0.6

2006

Orphan school attendance ratio

–

% of orphans receiving external support

–

0.5 0.0

M/F = male/female; FSW = female sex workers; IDU = injecting drug users. Dash (–) means data not available. * Represents the uncertainty range around the estimates.

6    UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, Children and AIDS: Country Fact Sheets 2008

rev. Sept. 2008

Rev. October 2008

Children and AIDS fact sheet: Armenia 0.1%

Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate Source: UNAIDS, 2008

Number of HIV+ pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT

PREVENT MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV

Antenatal care coverage

93%

Source: DHS, 2005

1,000 800

2005

Estimated number of births per year

37,000

Source: UN Population Division, 2007

2006

600

2007

Estimated number of HIV+ pregnant women