Энциклопедия Подкарпатской Руси i що за нею ?

Національна академія наук України Інститут літератури ім. Т.Г.Шевченка Міжнародна асоціація україністів

Олекса Мишанич член-кореспондент НАН України

«ЭНЦИКЛОПЕДИЯ ПОДКАРПАТСКОЙ РУСИ» І ЩО ЗА НЕЮ?

Доповідь на V Міжнародному конгресі україністів (м. Чернівці, 26-29 серпня 2002 р.)

Київ «Стилос» 2002

BBK 66.5(2Vrc) M7L

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Mulrranlr.r O. i rqo Ba nen? - K.: Cruloc, 2002. - 36 c.

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EFK 66.5(2Vrc)

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1 MunyJroro poxy B npr,rBarHoMyBuqaauuqrni B.fIaAflKa B Vxcropo4i no6a.rr4rra csir KHr/rlrdxa*. Bunyuqeno ïï nig Maprcoro. Otme, BlrdIrIBarH AJrfl Sarcaprarrfl HaBBy fli4rcaprarcbna Pycr rpu nrarcna4ino4ifi Ao 1919 pony aurnicropr4rrHo i HeHayKoBo. IIIoRo 1919-1938 ponin, ro rIfi HaBBaBr,rrpaB,qana, arre rinrxu flK o{tiqifiHâ, BcraHoBJreHarrexo-cnoBarlbnoroBJra,qon,flHa npu roMy repecJli4yrana Ba BlnrrBaHHflHaBBVrcpaïHâ, Kapnarcbna Vnpaïua ta isrul4x. SaranbHonapo4HoroHaBBaflilnaprarcbrca Pyct He craJIa. He4apMâ, cni4onaBa I.O;rr6paxroM, Hpafi y rofi qac HaBrdB anrr4 ((BeMJIero 6es iuesi >. Hagsa Kapnarcbna VxpaiHa rpoicnyraJra HeAoBro B )KoBrHn1938 lo cepe,qnHn6epeaHn1939 poxy. Vropcrni oKyraHrI4 HaBBaJrrr SaHapnarrfl KapnarcbKoro repr,rropiero (), B rrncronaAa L944 pony BoHocraJro Saxapnarcbxoro VHpainoro, â B Jrrorofo 1946 p. Sanaprrarcbnoroo6Jracrro Vnpaïucrxoï PCP. Aea4llnrlrpivue uepedyBaHHn Saxaprarrn B crcna4i r{exo-Cronaqnxoï Pecuy1nixu (1919-1939) He Aae ni4cran [epeH ocr4TuIIrc TuMrracoByHaBBy Ha Bcro icropiro Sarcapnarrfl eil Hafi4anuiruux .Iacin Ao noqarny XXI crorirrfl, flK rle po6r,rrrcfl B 9fIP. TaKufi reprvrisorori.ruufi ryMaH rinrrcu 4eaopieHrye quTarla, oco6JII4BosaxopÀoHuoro, sxmît cnpan4i Molrdeuonipurn B icHynaHHfl HeicHyro.roïfli4xaprrarcbxoï Pyci. Bnacse rIfl HaBBair notpi6na aBropaM 3fIP Axfl roro, u{o6 xo.r Ha nauepi ni4oHpeMrrrvr Sanaprarrfl nil VrcpaïHr,r.Tolx Ha roBHoMy cepfioai, Harpr4KnaÀ, rllrruerbcfl, trIo I.flon 1992 poxy (BepHyJrcflB flo4naprarcxyro Pycr> (310).

Onercca Muw&Huv I qe rpo tepminorori.rni uonaqiï. Mano He scix icropurrHtrx, uorirrarrn I{x, rcyJrbrypuo -HaqioH aJrbuHX, rpo MaAcbrc r4x, p e"rririfi HHx Sarcaprarrfl XX cro"uirrs no4ineno B ua rcilbna Kare9fIP 4iauin (ynpanHo$rrJrbr) ( oyrcpauuccofi opnenraquu r ), (pycco@nropifi : Jrbr), (pycnHoQu"nu> i (yrpoqlnJrbrD. Are i qe qe He Bce, 6o apo6neno iT, Bylxrry rpaAa4iro, npunnipoM, (pycr,rHo{lu;r>rpopyccnofi oppreHrâr{Hlr>(205), (pycu(139, 335), (pycuno-pycouo$Hn rrpoBeHrepcxoroHarrpaBJreH?r.nD durlrcnofi oprdenrarllruD(382) ra isui napiaqiï. flpu r{boMy, fiKrrlo rpo 4iauin pycr{HcrxoT, pycoqlinrcrnoi, uexo{rimcrxoï, Hasirr npoyropcrrcoi opieHraqiT roBopurbcfl sassu.rafi cnorcifiHo, ro oBHarIeHHfl (ynpaiHo$in> crae rrraMocbHa BpaBoK taftxu, ua1npae BvrKrIorIHo HerarplBuofo aa6apnJleHH.fl . y sn'aany B rceBAoHayKoBHMoBHarreHHflM B 9IIP (yxpatuo(pycrrHo$inin>, (pycoqti"uin> BaxoHorvripHo rocrae rruraHHfl $inin>, fiK rpo amicr, TaK i upo rpaMoruicm ylnrrBanufl Tanrrx repnniuis s eHIII,IKJIoleAurrHoMy nn4auui: u{o poayMierrcs, cna}rdimo, niÀ yKpaïnqeM-(ynparuo{rironn>? IIe lx crpaB}nsifi a6cyp4 rpr/rnJraAarr4oBHarIeHHfl (ynpaTHo$in> (ngi,fl.r yxparHcbxoro HarrpflMyD)go "rrm4efi, qo BBalKaJrIrce6e ynparurlsMr{. A caMe rle po6nrr aBrop rr{oAo B.Eipuaxa, K.SaxJrr,rucbxoro,B.fla.roBcbxoro ra iH., Hasim ni4owrHx .uleHin OyH, u{o BarrrnyJrlrB 6opors6i aa VHpaTHy- I.Pora.râ, f.PoruHa-Ipn.flBcbnoro,a raxoxd cy.Iacnl{x 4iauin - M.Tuno4apa ra ium?rx. Jfto4nicrr Sanapnarrn B yci icropn.rHi nepio4n alr Ao cyqacuocri l.flon HaarrBae(pycnHaMrr>,a eci pisni MoBr/ri ïxHi ni4miHu, sKHMr,rBoHa Kopr{cryBaJrac.fl Ba piaHnx uacin, - (pycrdHcbnoroMoBoIo)).Taxe BlKrrBaHHflrdrrx HaBB HeHayKoBe,$anrcu{rixaqifiHe. CrocoBHo)rd (pycrrnisD ra ïxuix opieHraqifi, ro He rpeQa aa6yBarrl, Ho rnep4i (pycuHr,r) u{e B 20-30-x porcax yBa}KaJrr4ce6e (pyccKu}/lu,), ilpflMo 3aflBlrfl.rru,flK y BrrAaHoMy1926 poKy (Hapo,4pycCKafl, vt6OMbI - pycHOMKaT0XI,ISI4C0), IIIO ((HaruaHapOAHOCTb ct>Aae oAHoBHarrHyni4uoni4r: (46), a rpo paru{liHarliro AeplnaBuoro AoroBopy rvrimCPCP i qCP ulo4o Saxaprarcbnoï VnpaTsu BanBrreuo,rqo BoHa (ropr,rÀuqecHoficr,rJrbrHe r,rMeer) (48). Anrop ecirsxo nanrrro)rc?rrbVHpaIHy i yxpaTncbxy KyJrbrypy, BBalKae,u{o VxpatHa BupBa-

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Jra Sanaprarr.fl (InB ecrecrseuuofi ucropr{.recxofi cpe,qbrl{eHrpaJrbuofi Enponu> (48) i rpI4HecJIacroAr,r(BocrorruoeBponeficrcyrcJrroMren-rlpoJlerapcnylo (KyJrbrypyD rr Bceo1ryuir aJrxoroJrrraM)) (50). I{acu nepedyBaunfl Barcaprlarrfl B ccna4i Vxpaïnu siu HaBuBae(rroJry(8), JrflKaeqr,rrarra BHraAr(acroJlerl{eM HarluonallbHoro 6ecnpaBr,r,fir) MI4rrpo re, rqo (B rlpaBr{TeJrbcrBeHubrx Kpyrax B Kuene rroflBJrflrorcfl BJIoBeuInenpoenTbl) (peruenufl. rro4napnaropycnHcxofi npo6neMbr B pycvïHoB>(7) rouqo. $opue ycnopeunofi acclrMvrnrflr\ur4 ,flrc BI,IrJIflAae,I.flou ilpocro cManye Herapasçu cyracnoï VrcpaTun (Sanaprrarr.fl BoceHr,r1944 pony. , BuBrrr4BrrrupoacraHoBny KyJrbrypHo-roJliru.Iuux cw Ha Sanapuarri, I.Onn6paxr y Hapnci Àylrce rouxo npocrelnr4BMoBHy fi i4eonori.rny 6oporr6y B npaT iï 4ifiruor raxoro BIiIcHoBKy:<Ma4apcrrcufi HarpflM HaJre)rçI,ITbMlrnyBrunui. SqexiaynaHHa geMri HeMolnJrHBe.SanaprrarcbKoro 4ianexry BeJIITKa6imruicrs He xoqe i Huui BlKe e qepra Ha Hboro saniaua. Pocificrxwit HarpflM e apxaïann, y4eplrynaHufi ÀoTenep rrpu murri rilrxu caMogaxoBaHHflMi rrrryrrno. Saxap[arrfl qecHr,rMi 6es6yle yxpaïHctxum!>6 I qefi ilpornoa, Br{cJrosneHr,rfi cropoHnim crocrepirauenn qe 1931 poxy, crpaBAr,rBcfl. flnyraHolo e i craTrfl a6o o6'e4uye B co6i ynpaïucbnoro HaqioHalicra, cyuporllBHrrxa norirurrnoro pycuncbnoro cerapaTI,IBMy,KoMynicrurluoro i4eorora rorrlo. Oco6r4rcraHerrpuflBHbAo roro qr inruoro (ynpaïHoSi"ua> BHr,r)fiyeiHQop*raqifiuuit pinenr 6iorpa$iuHnx crarefi, reperroBHeHr4xny6niqracruqHlrMr4 BlrrraAaMlI, AOMI4ICJIaMH iI nepexpyrlenuflMpr Sarcrin. Tarc, 1406 rpnnuluru "rri4epaKapnarcrxoï VrpaïHu A.Bo.noIuLIHa, f.flou rBepArrrb, ni6n qe 6yn . O4He cJroBo, nepeA HaMI{ MaJIo He uonrirrunn Snpepa. EesneBerrHo,TaKa xapanrepl{crl{Ka A.Bonoruuna i fioro 4ianrHocri He Aae Hanirs :r'afiMeHruofo yflBJIeHHfltrpo HaqionaJrbHo-Br,roBo.rrrsi BMaraHHs Baxap[aTcbKI,IX yxpaïHI1in i rlpo crpaB]KHro [oÀBr,r]nHrirqbny frt narpiorl4rlHy po6ory ÏxHroro rpoBo4rapa. 3 TaKr4Mlr]rd HarprqnaMlr y6erKAeHHbIXynpal{no$uroB r), (,ynpar,ruo{lrrJroB [poqexocJroBarl, eHraIIvIvI,>npoxo4nrb B S[IP i iurui 4iaui KapuarcnnoÏ VxpaïHn 6paru Epaq aitxu, 6paru Knprmuyrui, M.,'{onrauafi' IO.CrasnHerIb, A.l[re$au. Sapaum icrusu rpe6a HaraAarv, rqo qe 6ytu He (yKpaiuo$i"uvrr, a cnpanrnni, cni4omi yxpaÏHr1i, sxi yrBep4)fiyBaIrr4yrcpaiHcbny i4ero y ce6e Ha 6arrxinuquni, Bâ ltapnaraMrr. Ha rni TaKI,IXcratefi rpo ( yKpauHo$HJroBD qi;rxoBrirrr,rMKoHTpacroM BI,IrJIflAaIorbcrarri, nprrcns.reHi ïxnilr uolirnqHr,rM cynporr4Bn?rxaM.CxaxciMo, rpo ABox Hona6opaHrin A.EpoAis i C.Qesqnxa I.flon ro4aB ni4owrocri s BeJrrrnoronoBHororoi pecrrenroM. A.Epo4ifi, (pycuHo$un npoBeHrepcnofioplreHrarlur{,>(106), Ba aHrI4AeplKaBHy 4ia"nrsicrr 6yn Baaperurosaurafiy 1938 poqi u{e

(L922, L927 p.) niH BrrAaHHflxceoeï 4oni4rcu rpo renepiurHbofo sani4yBaqa Kare4pra icropiï VxpaïHW, nponi4Horo icropuxa Sanapnarrn, aBropa t'pyHrosuoï npaqi (BoHa, ,4o peui, Ayffi€ AaJrena sig rocrynarin coqianicru.rHoro peaniaMy). Sposymi"ne KprITI4rIHecraBJreHHfl,qo rlboro rBopqofo Mero,qy paAflHcrmoÏ nireparypla, aJIe I.flon reperBoproe Ha )IdyreJri, ropflÀ 3 (yKpaïHo$ilbcrBoM)), BHKOpHCTOBye flK rua6nou AJIfi Herarl,rBnr{x oqiuox. B.fpeH4xca-,{oHcrxufi, Sopecnan(Ca6on), I.Konoc, I.Ipnancrrcufi, M.PiruKo, IO.EoprrorrKyrvr'flTcbKnfr,IO.fofi,Aâ, Io.Mefifeu, B.Bos.roK - piaHi aa o64apyBaHHflM, cnirorJrflAHr,rMr,rrrogr4rlislu,r îr rBoprruM c[pflMyBagHflM lireparopl{, are rBopqicrn ycix ïx aHeqiuroerbcflB EIIP, oAHrrx Ba ( yxpaino$inbcrBo '>, inurux Ba ). flpo AeflKlztx- M.Tucsscbxy, II. I{n6yJrbcbnofo, B.Bapo4i, fI.Mi4flHKy HeMa i BraÂrdr,r. Kinnxa ctarefi ni4euaqarorbcfl oco6ruBoro HdoBrrHicrrortr poaB'sgnicrlo crI4JIIo.TaK , Aocrrm ni4olrufi [r4cbMeHHr4K B.Bosqog ((TII,IHoBHI,IK or nl,ITeparypbr rrpn KoMMy*ucrvrÀJrfl aBTopa 9fIP rrecxoM pelKHMÊ> (ce6ro sxnricr qac orrorroBaB Saxap[arcbxe ni44i.u eHHfl Cuin x u rrmcbMeHHu Hi s V rcp aï Hn ), ((Jrr,rr ep aryp Hrr fi r,rMrr-

,rrpuchrJraBrrruxcflB flo4rcapnarcKyro Pycr (SarcapIrarcnafi o6ractr VCCP) c 1946) (185), (rrapruirÊruir pa6orHl,rx [ocJIaH B Vxropo4 B xo,qe BaMeHbr((MecrHbrxD yrrpaBJrenrleBHa ((Bocrorlrtblxù(230), (rrpr{cJraHB flo4naprarcnyro Pycr KaK Bocro.Iuslfi KoMMyHvrcrvr.recxufi )fiypuaJrr,rcr) (307), ((BocTo.rHslfi KaAp) (350), ')rIocJIaHKaK orrbrrurrfi KoMMyntrcrtr.recnrafipa6orHI,IK B Vxcropo4D (357), (o4r,rH r4B[ocJresoeHHofiBoJrHbrBocrorrHrIX [oceJIeHI{eB,(I,rcxarenefi cqacrbfi 14.uvr:r'oBD (376), (rrpr,rcnaH Kalc ((Bocro.IHrtfi KaAp) AJrfl opraH usar\vrrl vxropoAcKoro yH[nnepcl4lre]ra>(429\. Tyr MrdMoBoriHarporuyerbcfl rrr{rauufl Ao aBTopa, (rlo4napnarcxoro pycrruaD: sn ftoro clrpwiamanr4 B Mocnni i tenep crpufinnarorb y flpaai? qufi eiH (KaAp>? xro fioro ry4r{ rocrrlrar i 4na qofo? A u{e: qr{ fioro KaHAprAarcbKa ft Aonropcbna Amcepraqii He nkrcanrr4cfl. Ha ui4crari Mapncrrcrcbxo-neuiscrHoï MeToAoJIoriTB Ir{eAprIMBr{Kopr4craHHfiMrrpaub ( KJracnxis MapncrrsMy-JleHiniawryD ? Ta iL rrr4 peÀarosarruir, Hr.,rM)KypHaJr . Ma6yrn, 4oqfuirHicrro Taxoro caMoro ulru6y rpoÀI,IKroBaHanoflBa Ha cropiHKax SIIP i crarefi rpo caHaropiT (, >,>, . EpaH crdcreMuocri crpffiT HuBcfl Ao roro, tr{o e 9fIP He BHflBrrJrocfl ni BaraJrbuoro xapaxrepy crami upo ocniry qu 1oaait lrrxinnnnrlrBo, si rpo onpenni HaBrramui BaKJraAh,rrlo B 20-30-x ponax 6araro rpracJrytnvrrucfl.KyJrbrypi Kparo Eeperincrxy, MyHa.riscbxy, Xycrcbxy riuuaaiT, a raxolr( riruuaairc qr,ruy orqin Bacuniau B VxcropoAi, MyxauincrHy roproBeJrbHyaxaAeMiro. ,(unHo, aJreHeMaecrarri fi npo Vmropo4cbnr4fi yuinepcrrrer, st (192), ((rpnBarHoe Hs,4areJrbcrBoù (320), (355), (EBanferllar{ecxân,) (361) rorrtro. He pi4nicrr ni4crynu nig