Contemporary Musicians (Profiles of the People in Music)

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ISSN 1044-2197

PROFILES OF THE PEOPLE IN MUSIC

Tracie Moy, Project Editor VOLUME 61 Includes Cumulative Indexes

Contemporary Musicians, Vol. 61

Project Editor Tracie Moy Editorial Andrea Henderson Angela Pilchak

Rights Acquisition and Management Jackie Jones, Ron Montgomery Jhanay Williams Imaging and Multimedia Lezlie Light

Cover Illustration John Kleber Composition and Electronic Capture Tracey L. Matthews

Image Research and Acquisitions Dean Dauphinais

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Contents

Introduction ................................................................... ix

Diddy....................................................................................49

Cumulative Subject Index..........................................205

Producer, singer, songwriter, and entrepreneur Jeremy Enigk .......................................................................53

Cumulative Musicians Index .....................................245

Former rock band singer turned solo artist Fantasia ...............................................................................55

Adam Again ......................................................................1

2004 American Idol winner Gilberto Gil...........................................................................58

Alternative Christian rockers Bryan Adams .........................................................................3

Influential contemporary Brazilian artist Vince Gill..............................................................................61

Canadian singer-songwriter Aereogramme ........................................................................6

Country music superstar Jeff Healey...........................................................................65

Scottish rock band

Jazz singer-songwriter and guitarist Allan Holdsworth..................................................................68

Christina Aguilera...................................................................8 Mouseketeer turned successful singer

English rock guitar soloist Steve Holy ...........................................................................71

Akon.....................................................................................12 Senegal-born hip-hop artist

Texan country music artist Il Divo...................................................................................73

Alien Ant Farm .....................................................................14 Alternative rockers with mixed-genre influences

Pop group with operatic style

Harry Allen ...........................................................................17

Jet ........................................................................................76

Saxophonist influenced by old-fashioned jazz

Australian retro rock band

Michael Amante ...................................................................20

Daniel Johnston ...................................................................79

Pop, opera, and classical vocalist

Folk and alternative rock artist

Adrian Belew........................................................................22

JoJo .....................................................................................81

Multi-instrumentalist, singer, and songwriter

American R&B and pop solo artist

Tony Bennett........................................................................26

Juvenile................................................................................83

Old-school singer with renewed popularity

Popular New Orleans-based rapper

Blue October........................................................................31

Kardinal Offishall..................................................................86

Texas-based rock band

Canadian hip-hop artist

Gary Burton .........................................................................34

The Killers............................................................................88

Jazz artist and revolutionary vibraharp player

Las Vegas rock band with Brit pop influences

Ciara ....................................................................................37

The Knife .............................................................................91

Popular R&B/pop solo artist

Swedish brother-and-sister duo

Natalie Cole .........................................................................40

Lady Sovereign....................................................................93

Singer and daughter of Nat King Cole

MC who gained popularity on the Internet

Roger Daltrey.......................................................................44

Ray LaMontagne .................................................................96

The Who vocalist and solo singer

Soul-inspired folk rock artist

Danko Jones........................................................................47

Cyndi Lauper .......................................................................99

Hard-working Canadian rock band

1980s singer with enduring popularity

v

vi • Contents John Legend ......................................................................103 Rhythm and blues musician Little Big Town ...................................................................106 Innovative co-ed country band Los Lonely Boys ................................................................109 Three brothers form blues rock band Barbara Mandrell ...............................................................113 Country music star of 1970s and 1980s Lebo Mathosa ....................................................................117 South African pop princess of 1990s Nellie McKay......................................................................120 Singer, songwriter, and political activist The Meteors.......................................................................122 Chief proponents of psychobilly music Craig Morgan .....................................................................124 Patriotic and traditional country singer Robbie Nevil ......................................................................127 Songwriter and producer of many projects Joanna Newsom ................................................................129 Indie rock singer and harpist Olivia Newton-John............................................................131 Pop and country singer of ⬙Grease⬙ fame Rebecca Pidgeon ..............................................................135 Folk-pop singer and actress Stan Rogers.......................................................................137 Canadian folk singer-songwriter Rick Ross...........................................................................139 Rapper best known for ⬙Hustlin’⬙ Scissor Sisters ...................................................................141 American rock group popular in the UK Selah..................................................................................144 Christian rock with South African style Judee Sill ...........................................................................147 1970s folk rocker with new popularity

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Carly Simon .......................................................................149 ⬙Stirring yet sweet⬙ folk singer Chris Spedding ..................................................................153 Guitarist with wide-reaching career Cat Stevens .......................................................................157 Successful folk-pop singer-songwriter Scott Storch .......................................................................160 Important hip hop producer Ruben Studdard.................................................................163 R&B singer and American Idol winner Sugarland...........................................................................165 Up and coming country rock group James Taylor......................................................................168 Pioneer folk singer and guitarist Tenacious D .......................................................................172 Comedy duo parodies hard rock Wayman Tisdale ................................................................175 Basketball player turned jazz bassist Randy Travis......................................................................178 Artist makes country music mainstream KT Tunstall.........................................................................182 Soul pop singer with growing popularity Van Zant ............................................................................184 Southern rock brothers Tom Waits ..........................................................................187 Musician with remarkable stage presence Roger Waters.....................................................................191 Guiding hand behind Pink Floyd Tony Joe White ..................................................................194 Originator of swamp rock Amy Winehouse.................................................................197 Contemporary jazz and soul singer Young Jeezy ......................................................................199 Hip-hop artist from Atlanta Young Tata .........................................................................202 ⬙Asia’s version of Britney Spears ⬙

Introduction

Easy-to-locate data sections: Vital personal statistics, chronological career summaries, listings of major awards, and mailing addresses, when available, are prominently displayed in a clearly marked box on the second page of each entry.

Fills in the Information Gap on Today’s Musicians Contemporary Musicians profiles the colorful personalities in the music industry who create or influence the music we hear today. Prior to Contemporary Musicians, no quality reference series provided comprehensive information on such a wide range of artists despite keen and ongoing public interest. To find biographical and critical coverage, an information seeker had little choice but to wade through the offerings of the popular press, scan television “infotainment” programs, and search for the occasional published biography. Contemporary Musicians is designed to serve that information seeker, providing in one ongoing source in-depth coverage of the important names on the modern music scene in a format that is both informative and entertaining. Students, researchers, and casual browsers alike can use Contemporary Musicians to meet their needs for personal information about music figures; find a selected discography of a musician’s recordings; and uncover an insightful essay offering biographical and critical information.

Biographical/critical essays: Colorful and informative essays trace each subject’s personal and professional life, offer representative examples of critical response to the artist’s work, and provide entertaining personal sidelights. Selected discographies: Each entry provides a comprehensive listing of the artist’s major recorded works. Photographs: Many entries include portraits of the subject profiled. Sources for additional information: This invaluable feature directs the user to selected books, magazines, newspapers, and online sources where more information can be obtained.

Helpful Indexes Make It Easy to Find the Information You Need

Provides Broad Coverage Single-volume biographical sources on musicians are limited in scope, often focusing on a handful of performers from a specific musical genre or era. In contrast, Contemporary Musicians offers researchers and music devotees a comprehensive, informative, and entertaining alternative. Contemporary Musicians is published twice per year, with each volume providing information on about 70 musical artists and recordindustry luminaries from all the genres that form the broad spectrum of contemporary music—pop, rock, jazz, blues, country, New Age, folk, rhythm and blues, Latin, gospel, bluegrass, rap, and reggae, to name a few—as well as selected classical artists who have achieved “crossover” success with the general public. Contemporary Musicians will also occasionally include profiles of influential nonperforming members of the music community, including producers, promoters, and record company executives. Additionally, beginning with Contemporary Musicians 11, each volume features new profiles of a selection of previous Contemporary Musicians listees who remain of interest to today’s readers and who have been active enough to require completely revised entries.

Each volume of Contemporary Musicians features a cumulative Musicians Index, listing names of individual performers and musical groups, and a cumulative Subject Index, which provides the user with a breakdown by primary musical instruments played and by musical genre.

Available in Electronic Formats Licensing. Contemporary Musicians is available for licensing. The complete database is provided in a fielded format and is deliverable on such media as disk or CD-ROM. For more information, contact Thomson Gale’s Business Development Group at (800) 877-GALE, or visit our website at www.gale.com/bizdev. Online. Contemporary Musicians is accessible online as part of the Thomson Gale Biographies (GALBIO) database accessible through LexisNexis, P.O. Box 933, Dayton, OH 45401-0933; phone: (937) 865-6800, toll-free: (800) 2274908.

Includes Popular Features

We Welcome Your Suggestions

In Contemporary Musicians you’ll find popular features that users value:

The editors welcome your comments and suggestions for enhancing and improving Contemporary Musicians. If you

vii

viii • Introduction would like to suggest subjects for inclusion, please submit these names to the editor. Mail comments or suggestions to: The Editor Contemporary Musicians Gale Group 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or call toll free: (800) 877-GALE

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 60

CCM, another reason the band never achieved widespread success was the genre that it played in: “When alternative Christian rock was being invented, bands like The 77s, Adam Again and The Choir were indeed kings of the hill, but it was an awfully small hill.”

Adam Again Rock band

A

lternative Christian rock band Adam Again was led by vocalist and producer Gene Eugene, whose singing style was often likened to that of Michael Stipe of REM. The band mingled soul, funk, rock, and acoustic elements, and although it had a small cult following, it never saw widespread commercial success. The group disbanded in 2000 after Eugene’s unexpected death at the age of 38. “The Boss of the Band”

The band was formed in 1986 when Eugene, his wife Riki Michele (who would later divorce him), Greg Lawless, and Paul Valadez got together. From the start, the band was atypical in the world of Christian music: Michele, who complemented Eugene’s vocals with her own smooth singing style, also danced during the performances, which became somewhat controversial in the conservative Christian world. Michele told Tony LaFianza in The Phantom Tollbooth, the kids who were listening to the music didn’t mind at all, but “it seemed to be the adults, the people in charge, just thought it was too crazy, a little too wild.” Although she toned down her dancing for some gigs, she refused to stop. Eugene was “always the boss of the band,” Michele told LaFianza. “He was the headstone and the one that did all the writing.” As Eugene became busy with other projects, such as producing other bands, Adam Again fell by the wayside. The band never toured widely, and eventually they got together only to play at festivals or to make a recording. Also, as Dave Urbanski wrote in

Eugene had started working in show business as a child actor; he appeared on such shows as Bewitched and Wait Till Your Father Gets Home. However, his true calling was music, and in the 1980s he formed Adam Again and began creating a new take on Christian music, which at the time was in the doldrums. Tim Taber of the band Prayer Chain told William Lobdell in a Los Angeles Times article reprinted in The Choir, “The thought was, ‘It’s just a Christian record, that’s good enough.’ But Gene said, ‘I want to make a record that’s good enough for MTV.’ And he did it, working with budgets that are a fraction of what the big bands had.” Eugene worked with his own band, as well as other groups like Starflyer 59, Plankeye and Swirling Eddies, to produce music that was the equal of its secular counterparts. By the 1990s he was a dominant force in Christian music. As John Thompson, founder of the Christian music magazine True Tunes, told Lobdell, “If you were to combine Phil Spector, John Lennon and Booker T. [James] and make them into one guy,” that would sum up his influence. The hub of Eugene’s world was his home and studio, known as “The Green Room,” in Huntington Beach, California. Eugene had an open door policy, and musicians often walked in and played on each other’s albums, stayed the night, or just hung out. Eugene himself rarely left his studio, unless it was to pursue his other love: watching the Dodgers play baseball. Thompson told Lobdell, “He’d sacrifice food and water to buy season tickets each year.” Although Eugene spent his life creating and promoting Christian music, he was not a stereotypical Christian. “He wasn’t evangelical,” Brandon Ebel, president of the Christian label Tooth and Nail, told Lobdell. Eugene’s friend and fellow musician Mike Roe told Lobdell, “I spent months of my life hating the guy. He was a flake with a capital F.” However, he added, “He balanced everything out with his extreme generosity.” In CCM, musician Derri Daugherty told Dave Urbanski that Eugene rarely spoke about his religious beliefs, but when Daugherty’s wife was diagnosed with breast cancer, Eugene called to say he was praying for her: “So we talked for a while, and we touched on things we never had before.” “Quantum Leap” Adam Again’s debut release was In a New World of Time, followed by Ten Songs by Adam Again. In a chronology of the band on Phileas Phogg, Ibangs wrote that these two albums show “no hint of the Adam Again • 1

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Gene Eugene (died in 2000),

vocals; Jon Knox, drums; Greg Lawless, gui-

tar; Dan Michaels, saxophone; Riki Michele, vocals; Paul Valadez, bass. Formed in 1987; released In a New World of Time, 1987; Ten Songs by Adam Again, 1988; Homeboys, 1990; Dig, 1992; Perfecta, 1995; Worldwide Favourites, 1999; disbanded in 2000 after death of Gene

weeks before his death, and the previous day before, he had complained of a headache. Later tests revealed he had suffered a massive brain hemorrhage. He was 38 years old. Fans and the many musicians he had worked with gathered for an outpouring of grief and mutual support, and the Christian band The 77s began working with the remaining members of Adam Again on a DVD tribute to his life and work. Ibangs wrote, “Gene’s music was intensely personal, and this combined with genius is what turned many of his listeners into fanatics. I am convinced that many Adam Again fans were Adam Again fansѧ because to some degree they identified with his struggles, disappointments, and rare glimpses of peace and joy.”

Eugene; released A Tribute to Gene Eugene, 2000. Addresses: Eden Z Film and Video, P.O. Box 8457, Coburg, OR 97408.

creative quantum leap to come.” With Homeboys, the band made a big improvement. They replaced a drum machine with a live drummer, Jon Knox, creating a fusion of funk and soul rhythms to back the album’s urban rock. During the creation of Dig, released in 1992, Eugene was experiencing a creative block, and he and Michele were on the brink of divorce. Nevertheless, the album had what Ibangs called “a molten soulful mixѧ a wired fury that could also mellow into a haunting dirge.” Despite its breakout style, the album languished and was rarely heard. It did not mention the word “Jesus,” and was filled with songs about anger, divorce, and doubt, so many Christian fans wouldn’t touch it; and it was released on a Christian label, so some mainstream listeners were also wary. In 1995 the band released Perfecta, which continued the unique style they showed on Dig. Ibangs wrote, “The album veers from acoustic ballads to danceable jams with ease, and only the inclusion of two jamoriented songs into the middle of the disc keep the album from bettering Dig.” On March 20, 2000, friends found Eugene dead on the floor of his Green Room. He had not felt well in the

2 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

Selected discography In a New World of Time, Blue Collar Records, 1987. Ten Songs by Adam Again, Broken Records, 1988. Homeboys, Broken Records, 1990. Dig, Brainstorm, 1992. Perfecta, Brainstorm, 1995. Worldwide Favourites, KMG Records, 1999. A Tribute to Gene Eugene (DVD), Eden Z Film and Video, 2000.

Sources Online “Adam Again: A Chronology,” Phileas Phogg, http://www. phileasphogg.net/reviews/adamagain_chrono_html (February 26, 2007). “Music Falls Silent in a Magical Green Room,” Los Angeles Times article reprinted in The Choir, http://www.thechoir. net/gene/pages/latimes.html (February 26, 2007). “Remembering Gene,” CCM, http://www.ccmmagazine.com/ features/699.aspx?Page=3 (February 27, 2007). “Riki Michele Interview,” Phantom Tollbooth, February 2002, http://www.tollbooth.org/2002/features/rikim.html (February 26, 2007). “Worldwide Part I: A Gene Eugene Tribute by Adam Again,” 77s.com, http://www.77s.com/wbb2/print.php?threadid= 1587&page=1&sid=723687ef42c1463f8091a44a0409240d (February 26, 2007). —Kelly Winters

B

ryan Adams “is arguably Canada’s brightest male star,” declared Nicholas Jennings in Maclean’s. His 1985 album Reckless sold more than ten million copies—impressive by any standard—but, as Jennings pointed out, Adams has enjoyed a wider distribution “than any Canadian in history.” Adams has owed this distinction primarily to straightforward rock anthems like “Kids Wanna Rock” and ballads like “Heaven.” Though some critics have dismissed Adams as a lesser version of rocker Bruce Springsteen, lacking the substance that the latter has infused into his songs, others have praised Adams’s simplicity. “His music is about guys and girls. They’re melodies that stick in your head,” explained Pat Steward, Adams’s drummer, to Jane O’Hara in another Maclean’s article.

Bryan Adams

Adams was born on November 5, 1959, in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. His parents were former British citizens, and his father, Conrad Adams, came from a military family. This background, coupled with the fact that Conrad Adams served in the Canadian diplomatic corps, meant a childhood of moving from place to place for Bryan. He attended military schools in several countries, including England, Austria, Portugal, and Israel. Adams recalled to Steve Pond in Rolling Stone that “the discipline that they taught me in school was good, because I was able to focus on things—but I didn’t realize that at the time. So I got sent to the headmaster a lot.” When he turned 16, however, his parents separated, and he went to live with his mother, Jane, in Vancouver, British Columbia.

Singer, songwriter, guitarist

Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images

Adams’s early musical development is echoed, if not narrated, in the lyrics of his 1985 hit “Summer of ’69”: “I got my first real six-string / Bought it at the five-anddime / Played it till my fingers bled / It was the summer of ’69,” as Pond quoted it. As an early teen, Adams bought his first guitar and started learning to play. As an adolescent, he pursued his rock goals with singleminded fervor. He explained to Pond: “In high school, I was too far into my music to even pay attention to girls.” At the age of 16 Adams quit school and used the money his parents had saved for his higher education to buy a grand piano. He joined bands and played in nightclubs, supplementing his income by washing dishes, selling pet food, and working in record stores. “One summer night in 1976,” Jennings related, “after hearing a local rock band perform in Surrey, B[ritish] C[olumbia], ѧ Adams ѧ strode boldly up to the group’s producer and announced that he could sing better than its vocalist. He got an audition—and the job.” Not long after that, Adams met up with Jim Vallance, who had formerly written songs for the Canadian rock group Prism. As O’Hara phrased it, “Vallance was looking for a singer, Adams was looking for a route to musical respectability, and the two hit it off immediately.” The pair began writing songs together and recording demAdams • 3

Added Depth For the Record . . .

B

orn Bryan Guy Adams on November 5, 1959, in Kingston, Ontario, Canada; son of Conrad (a

diplomat) and Jane Adams. Songwriter, with Jim Vallance, 1977–; recording artist, 1979–; has performed in various charity concerts for organizations including Live Aid, Amnesty International, and the Prince’s Trust; issued Bryan Adams, 1980, You Want It, You Got It, 1981, Cuts Like a Knife, 1983, Reckless, 1984, Into the Fire, 1987, Waking Up the Neighbours, 1991, 18 ’Til I Die, 1996, One More Day Like Today, 1998, and Room Service, 2004. Awards: (With others), Grammy Award, Best Song Written Specifically For a Motion Picture or Television, for “(Everything I Do) I Do It For You,” 1991; inducted into

Though he was selling records at a phenomenal rate and was a huge concert draw, Adams’s songwriting had not gained the favor of many rock music critics. O’Hara quoted a Rolling Stone reviewer: “Adams has typically produced the closest thing yet to generic rock ’n’ roll, long on formal excellence but short on originality.” Perhaps conceding a lack of depth in his many songs about painful love relationships, Adams told Pond that during one concert performance he thought, “’Man, I gotta sink my teeth into something else.’” One of the results of this thought was the song Adams recorded to earn money for famine relief in Ethiopia, “Tears Are Not Enough.” Another was his 1987 album Into the Fire. The disc included a protest song about Native American land rights, called “Native Son,” and a contemplative number about a veteran of World War I, titled “Remembrance Day.” Still, Adams handled his political principles gingerly. “I don’t like politics being rammed down people’s throats,” he confessed to Jennings. “But there’s a sensitive way of bringing up issues and making people think.”

Canadian Music Hall of Fame, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Polydor, 72 Black Lion Lane, Hammersmith, London, England W6 9EE, telephone: +44 020 8910 4800, website: http://www. polydor.co.uk.

onstration tapes. Adams had a mild hit in 1979 with one of their collaborations, the disco-styled “Let Me Take You Dancing,” and they managed to sell some of their other creations to recording artists such as Joe Cocker, Juice Newton, and Bachman-Turner Overdrive. Adams and Vallance also won first a publishing contract and then a recording contract with A & M Records. But Adams’s first solo album, Bryan Adams, was unsuccessful. O’Hara explained: “On it his voice is high-pitched and the songs predictable.” According to O’Hara, Adams wanted to call his next effort “Bryan Adams Hasn’t Heard of You Either,” but settled for You Want It, You Got It. The album was a moderate success, selling 500,000 copies and earning Adams the privilege of opening concerts for rock bands like the Kinks, Loverboy, and Foreigner. However, it was Adams’s third, Cuts Like a Knife, that pushed him to the level of rock stardom. The title song was a huge hit; the accompanying music video, involving a scantily clad woman and a gleaming knife, was considered controversial and attracted even more attention to Adams and his record. His 1985 album Reckless was even more popular, including the hits “Heaven” and “The Summer of ’69.”


After releasing Into the Fire, Adams embarked on a year-long tour. While the album sold fewer copies than Reckless, it nonetheless sold a million copies in the United States and another million to an international audience. Against expectations, he waited four years to release his next studio album. During the interim he contributed a steady steam of songs to motion pictures. In 1989 Adams played a small role in Clint Eastwood’s Pink Cadillac, and co-wrote “Drive All Night” (sung by Celine Dion on the soundtrack) with Vallance. Adams, Vallance, and Diane Warren then penned “When the Night Comes,” which became a Top 20 hit for Joe Cocker in 1989. “When the Night Comes” would be the last collaboration between Adams and Vallance; in the summer, the pair went their separate ways, and Adams formed a new partnership with Robert John “Mutt” Lange. In 1991 Kevin Costner invited Adams to compose the lyrics for the theme song to Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves. “(Everything I Do) I Do It For You” reached number one on both the Adult Contemporary and Billboard Hot 100 charts, and the collaboration won a Grammy Award for Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or Television. Adams also released Waking Up the Neighbors in 1991, an album that would reach number six on the Billboard 200 and spawn five hits (including “(Everything I Do) I Do It For You”). “Waking up the Neighbours is a fun album and perfect for those who expect nothing more than an oldfashioned good time from their rock & roll,” wrote Jose F. Promis in All Music Guide. In 1993 Adams issued So Far So Good, a greatest hits collection that included the new song “Please Forgive Me.” He followed the chart success of “Please Forgive

Me” (Top Ten) with “All For Love,” the theme song to the motion picture Three Musketeers, recorded with Sting and Rod Stewart. After a short break during 1994, Adams returned in 1995 with “Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?,” from the film Don Juan DeMarco. In 1996 he released a new studio album, 18 ’Til I Die, followed by two live albums, MTV Unplugged in 1997 and On a Day Like Today in 1998. In 2004 Adams signed to Polydor Records and released Room Service.

Cuts Like a Knife, A & M, 1983. Reckless, A & M, 1985. Into the Fire, A & M, 1987. Waking Up the Neighbours, A & M, 1991. So Far So Good, A & M, 1993 18 ’Til I Die, A & M, 1996. MTV Unplugged, A & M, 1997. On a Day Like Today, A & M, 1998. Room Service, Badman, 2004.

In 2006 Adams was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame, receiving the honor at the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences’ Juno Awards ceremony held in April of that year. He had declined to accept the award on four previous occasions. “I’m not terribly keen about accepting awards,” he told Billboard. “I’m happy just making music and touring.”

Sources Periodicals Billboard, April 1, 2006. Maclean’s, August 5, 1985; July 6, 1987. Rolling Stone, March 28, 1985; September 10, 1987.

Online

Selected discography Bryan Adams, A & M, 1980. You Want It, You Got It, A & M, 1981.

“Bryan Adams,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/ (January 9, 2007). —Elizabeth Thomas and Ronnie Lankford

Adams • 5

music frequently comment on this. Craig B. told the Wiesen Fans interviewer that there was no special meaning to their collective bearded look: “It’s laziness really, that’s all it is. We never thought about it, we just all slowly started to grow beards.”

Aereogramme

Rock band

S

cottish band Aereogramme was formed in 1998 when guitarist Craig B., who formerly played with a band called Ganger, got together with drummer Martin Scott and bassist Campbell McNeil. In an interview in Lost at Sea posted on SotU, a reviewer described the band’s music as varying from “an explosion produced from a shockwave of guitar driven brutality, guarded in white noise, wrapped with the sharp piercing screams from singer Craig B’s reflective lyrics” to moments when “Craig is able to blend his timid falsetto voice into a serene sedation.” In Delusions of Adequacy, a reviewer wrote, “Listening to Aereogramme can be a difficult, oftentimes bipolar experience. The payoff, however, is nothing short of breathtaking.” “I Want It to Be About the Music”

The band writes its songs collectively; as Craig B. said in a Wiesen Fans interview, “It starts out with me when I write something on the acoustic and then Campbell usually has the ideas, and then it’s Ian who puts those ideas into practice and then Martin has an incredible ѧ slant on the whole process.” In addition, although Craig B. is the lead singer, when the band performs, he positions himself off to one side because, as he told an interviewer from Delusions of Adequacy, “I don’t think that’s what it’s all about. I’m always going to be watched because I am the singer. But ѧ I want it to be about the music and the band as a whole.” Visually, Aereogramme is known for its hairiness: all the members have beards, and reviewers of the band’s


Their first releases were the singles “Translations” and “Hatred,” released on their own label, which they called Babi-Yaga. They began to get more gigs around their home town of Glasgow, Scotland, eventually getting the attention of the Chemikal Underground label and signing with them. They released another recording, Glam Cripple EP, with Chemikal Underground, and then released their debut album, A Story in White, in 2001. The album combined headbanging metal sounds with ethereal notes, switching from one extreme to the other within seconds. Following the release of A Story in White, the band made two U.S. tours and a tour of Europe and the United Kingdom. The touring caused upheavals in their personal lives and made them feel rather disillusioned about the music industry. At the same time, they added a new member, guitarist and programmer Iain Cook, who came from a background of film and television soundtrack work. He had worked with the band before, but now joined full-time and appeared on stage with them instead of remaining a shadowy figure in the background and in the studio. The band released Sleep and Release in 2001. On the Matador Records website, McNeil wrote, “We needed to create intense music. Whether it was intensely wild or intensely fragile. We have no interest in slack-jawed, faux-working-class posturing or conceited, culturally aware post-irony. It’s got to be about hearts on sleeves not tongues in cheeks.” They had enough money to go on a U.S. tour in support of the album, fronting for the Delgados; they noted in a Leeds Music Scene interview, “The U.S. is so huge that it constantly changes and continues to keep you interested.” “More of an Experiment” Seclusion, released in 2004, was a darker, more industrial and progressive-sounding album than A Story in White or Sleep and Release. Craig B. told an interviewer from Lost at Sea that the different sound was partly because the band had to record the album themselves and could not afford studio equipment, but he remarked, “The results are very encouraging to us.” He added that the album “was more of an experiment with what we could do on our own.” Because the band has not had much commercial success, they have continued to work ordinary jobs to make ends meet: Scott digs ditches, McNeil works in a bar, and Craig B. has done various things, including cleaning toilets, for a living; he does not have a permanent place to live. In an interview in Delusions of

Selected discography


M

embers include: Craig B., guitar; Iain Cook, guitar; Campbell McNeill, bass; and Martin

Scott, drums. Formed in 1998; released “Translations” (7”), 1999; “Hatred” (7”), 1999; Glam Cripple EP, 2000; A Story in White, 2001; White Paw EP, 2001; Sleep and Release, 2001; Livers and Lungs, 2003; Seclusion,

“Translations” (7”), Babi-Yaga Records, 1999. “Hatred” (7”), Babi-Yaga Records, 1999. Glam Cripple EP, Chemikal Underground, 2000. A Story in White, Chemikal Underground, 2001. White Paw EP, Chemikal Underground, 2001. Sleep and Release, Chemikal Underground, 2001. Livers and Lungs, Chemikal Underground, 2003. Seclusion, Undergroove Records, 2004. In the Fishtank, Konkurrent, 2006. My Heart Has a Wish You Would Not Go, Chemikal Underground, 2007.

2004; In the Fishtank, 2006; My Heart Has a Wish You Would Not Go, 2007. Addresses:

Record

company—Matador

Sources Records/

Periodicals

Beggars Group, 625 Broadway, New York, NY 10012. Music Week, August 11, 2001, p. 11.

Online Adequacy, Craig B. said, “When I’m playing, music gives me meaning. That’s when you really feel good, that’s when I feel great.” He said that contrasts in their lives between the excitement of performing and the tedium of their ordinary lives mirrored the extremes in their music: “You’ve got this music that is really quiet, and then it will just explode. Well, that’s what happens in everyday life.” The band has received even less attention in the United States than in the United Kingdom. Craig B. told an interviewer from Lost at Sea, “We have no hype in the U.K. and no money to tour the states. It bugs the hell out of me but I just have to be patient.” Iain Cook told an interviewer in Kissing Just for Practice, “We don’t expect to make the charts with each release, but it has been slowly getting better since our first releases ѧ so we take heart from that. There are a lot of people who do buy the records and come to the shows and tell us what our music means to them and that is something.”

“Aereogramme,” Matador Records Website, http://www. matadorrecords.com/aereogramme/biography.html (February 15, 2007). “The Brothers Grim,” Drowned in Sound, reprinted at http:// www.sotu.co.uk/drown2view.htm (February 16, 2007). “Interview with Aereogramme,” Delusions of Adequacy, reprinted at http://www.sotu.co.uk/adequacyview.htm (February 16, 2007). “Interview with Aereogramme,” Kissing Just for Practice, reprinted at http://www.sotu.co.uk/kissingview.htm (February 16, 2007). “Interview with Aereogramme,” Leeds Music Scene, reprinted at http://www.sotu.co.uk/leedsview.htm (February 16, 2007). “Interview with Aereogramme,” Lost at Sea, reprinted at http://www.sotu.co.uk/lostatseainterview.htm (February 16, 2007). “Interview with Aereogramme,” Maelstrom, reprinted at http:// www.sotu.co.uk/maelstromview.htm (February 16, 2007). “Interview with Aereogramme,” Wiesen Fans, reprinted at http://www.sotu.co.uk/wiesenview.htm (February 16, 2007). —Kelly Winters

Aereogramme • 7

P

op vocal star Christina Aguilera conveys sophistication and poise, self-assurance and grace as she sings and swings her way through the lyrics of popular songs. Aguilera started her career as an American teen idol, but that image concealed her true identity as a precocious and introspective woman on the brink of self-discovery. Aguilera spent her adolescence as a girl-next-door song-and-dance performer, went through a coming-of-age phase in which she experimented with a highly sexualized image, and finally made the difficult transition from youth icon to adult performer.

Christina Aguilera

Aguilera was the oldest child of Shelly and Fausto Aguilera. She was born December 18, 1980, in the New York City borough of Staten Island. Her father, an Ecuadorian-born sergeant in the U.S. Army, kept his family on the move during her early childhood. Aguilera was home schooled, as the family spent their time in Texas and New Jersey and lived overseas in Japan. Her mother, a musician, played both violin and piano, and Aguilera’s own love of music was nurtured at an early age. Her passion soon turned to her salvation as her father experienced emotional difficulties and developed a bent for physical violence and verbal abuse against his family.

Singer, songwriter

AP Images

Aguilera learned very quickly to find an escape from her dismal home life by focusing on music. Rodgers and Hammerstein’s The Sound of Music became a childhood favorite. She enjoyed listening to the title song and singing it as well, and the film became an uplifting experience for the young musician. When she was six years old her parents parted ways. The separation developed into a difficult divorce, and Aguilera lived with her mother and younger sister in Wexford, Pennsylvania, outside of Pittsburgh, for the next eight years. When the promising young diva was 14, her mother married paramedic Jim Kearns; overnight, Aguilera and her sister inherited a new sibling, a stepbrother named Casey. Not long afterward a new baby brother joined the family.


Aguilera’s first hit recording appeared on the music charts when she was 18 years old, although her career as a professional performer dated back to elementary school. She was an entertaining singer even as a small child, and by the age of six she was performing for relatives. She exhibited unusual style, sophistication, and poise for her years, and by the age of eight some saw her as a prodigy. She appeared on television’s Star Search talent contest but failed to win, and although she fought back tears she congratulated the singer who bested her. The loss never hindered Aguilera’s career, and by age ten she was singing the national anthem at major league sports attractions in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She was 12 when she auditioned successfully for a spot as a Mouseketeer on the New Mickey Mouse Club program in Orlando, Florida. The show, a reprise of Walt Disney’s original 1950s show, was the spawning ground for a generation of


B

orn December 18, 1980, in Staten Island, NY; daughter of Fausto (a military officer) and Shelly (a

musician) Aguilera; married Jordan Bratman (a recording industry executive), November 19, 2005. Accepted as Mouseketeer, New Mickey Mouse Club, 1993; performed song “Reflections” on soundtrack of film Mulan; signed to RCA label, 1998; released album Christina Aguilera, 1999; released Spanish-language album Mi Reflejo, 2000; released album Stripped, 2002; released album Back to Basics, 2006. Awards: Grammy Awards: for Best New Artist, 1999; Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals, for “Lady Marmalade,” 2001; Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, for “Beautiful,” 2003. Addresses: Record company—BMG Entertainment, 1540 Broadway, New York, NY 10036. Website— Christina

Aguilera

Official

Website—http://www.

christinaaguilera.com.

new “bubblegum” pop singers, including Britney Spears, J. C. Chasez of ‘N Sync, and others. The Disney show continued for two years, after which Aguilera’s career took her to venues around the world, including Tokyo, Japan, and Brasov, Romania. Although she was already a veteran entertainer, her true “big break” came in 1998 when she auditioned successfully to sing the song “Reflections” in the Disney Studios’ animated film release Mulan. Aguilera won the audition because of her exceptional range. With her powerful voice and her bent for clear vibrato, the tiny (five-foot two inches tall) blond singer hit the song’s high E with ease, and “Reflections” became a hit tune, rising to number 15 on the singles charts. RCA record executives signed Aguilera to a recording contract. Major Hits Aguilera taped her first full-length album for release in 1999. She spent 45 days on tour to promote the album’s single release, “Genie in a Bottle,” which soared to number one on the pop charts. The hit single spurred album sales, and the full-length CD climbed the record charts, leaving Aguilera with no time to look

back as her career jumped into high gear. Early in 2000 the release of a second single from the album, What a Girl Wants, also became a major hit and sent the album into platinum sales. By the middle of 2000, the album had logged more than ten million sales worldwide, and “Genie in a Bottle” became a hit video as well. For the Christmas holiday in 1999, RCA released Aguilera’s Christmas Song album, featuring Etta James and a complete 70-piece orchestra backing the two on the recording. Also in 1999, Aguilera received an invitation to appear in “Christmas at the White House,” a Turner Network television special with President Bill Clinton. Clinton enjoyed Aguilera’s performance and invited her to appear again in a millennium special, also televised from Washington, D.C. Appearances by Aguilera were in such high demand that she was forced to decline the millennium invitation in Washington in order to honor a previous commitment to appear in an MTV music special from New York for the traditional New Year’s Eve celebration in Times Square. Ladies Home Journal magazine featured Aguilera in a New Year’s retrospective of the most fascinating women of 1999, which was televised on the CBS-TV network. Aguilera, her celebrity on the rise, appeared at football’s Super Bowl in January of 2000. She headlined the halftime gala along with popular singer Enrique Iglesias. The following month she received two Grammy Award nominations, for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance of 1999, and for Best New Artist of the Year. She admitted her astonishment at winning the Grammy for Best New Artist. Her adolescent appeal, combined with a mature talent, earned her immense popularity, and she was inundated with offers for magazine interviews, appearances on talk shows, and assorted performance opportunities. With attractive blue eyes and a petite figure, Aguilera adorned magazine covers, including those of Teen People, Latina, and Entertainment Weekly. By age 19, her resume of appearances bridged several generations, as she boasted appearances on Good Morning America, The Donny and Marie Show, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, and The Rosie O’Donnell Show. She sang on Saturday Night Live, and she held the distinction of making the only appearance by a woman on Men Strike Back, a VH-1 response to the cable channel’s popular diva telecasts that featured popular female singers. She was a featured performer and personality on numerous awards shows, including the World Music Awards and the Essence Awards. At the ASCAP Pop Awards she introduced her version of “At Last,” a classic done previously by Etta James, for whom Aguilera expressed great admiration. Aguilera was in demand for television specials such as Disney Summer Jams. She spent the summer of 2000 as the star of a “Sears and Levi’s present Christina Aguilera” tour. Aguilera • 9

Aguilera had maintained a strong connection with her Ecuadorian family background and developed an enormous following among Latino teenagers. Early in 2000 she recorded a Spanish-language album, Mi Reflejo (My Reflection), learning the words phonetically in order to overcome her lack of fluency in the language. It had been her wish to record a Spanish language album even before her first English language release, and the album included Spanish versions of several of her original English language hits. She had spoken Spanish as a child, and she studied the language both before and after recording. The album’s title song was a Spanish version of Aguilera’s 1998 Disney hit “Reflections,” and the single release “Genio Atrapado” was a Spanish version of her English language hit “Genie in a Bottle.” Leila Cobo of Billboard praised the album, predicting that Aguilera’s style might generate a new type of Latino music—a modern genre with rhythm and blues overtones. David Gleason of the Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation also predicted a prominent posture for Aguilera as a unique new Latina star, singing rhythm and blues instead of salsa. Several Spanish language Aguilera singles registered strong performances on the Latin music charts in 2000 and 2001, but by that time the singer was pursuing a new aspect of her musical personality. The album Stripped appeared in 2002, and it presented to music buyers a very different Christina Aguilera from the ex-Mouseketeer they had known up to that point. Beautiful Appearing on the cover with only her long hair for a top covering, Aguilera claimed that the album’s title referred to her emotions. However, noted Stephen Thomas Erlewine of All Music Guide, “Most things about Stripped suggest sex.” The album featured major contributions by hip-hop producer Scott Storch, who gave Aguilera’s self-penned songs a tough urban edge. Stripped, though a major hit by the standards of ordinary singers, failed to repeat the chart-topping performance of Christina Aguilera, and its most successful single was also its least typical: “Beautiful,” a ballad penned by songwriter Linda Perry, earned Aguilera a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. After the polarized response to Stripped, Aguilera took some time off to plan her next move, although she was never completely out of the headlines. The happiest event in Aguilera’s life during her four-year hiatus from recording was her marriage on November 19, 2005, to recording executive Jordan Bratman at the Auberge du Soleil resort in California’s Napa Valley. Aguilera’s third official studio album (2001’s Just Be Free was an unauthorized collection of early demo 10 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

recordings), the two-disc Back to Basics, was released in 2006. Gone were Aguilera’s teen star and sexpot images, replaced by a 1940s-inspired look that made her somewhat resemble classic movie star Jean Harlow. Musically, too, Aguilera underwent a makeover. The album looked back to a variety of classic pop and soul styles, fusing them with modern electronic beats. Madonna loomed as a strong musical influence on Aguilera, and songwriter Linda Perry returned as an important creative contributor. Gone, however, was Storch, kissed off by Aguilera on the danceoriented first disc in a song called “F.U.S.S.” and replaced by a group of several producers that included Perry. “It’s an album to build a career upon,” noted the All Music Guide’s Erlewine, and with it, a teen star grew up. In 2007 Aguilera was back in style with a 41-city North American tour that saw her make ten costume changes in the course of a 90-minute set.

Selected discography Singles (all RCA/BMG label) “Reflections,” 1998. “Genie in a Bottle,” 1999. “What a Girl Wants,” 2000. “Genio Atrapado,” 2000. “Come on Over Baby (All I Want Is You),” 2000. “I Turn to You,” 2000. “Por Siempre Tú,” 2000. “Ven Conmigo (Solamente Tú),” 2000. “Lady Marmalade,” 2001. “Pero Me Acuerdo de Ti,” 2001. “Beautiful,” 2002. “Dirrty,” 2002. “Fighter,” 2003. “The Voice Within,” 2004. “Ain’t No Other Man,” 2006. “Candyman,” 2006. “Hurt,” 2006.

Albums Christina Aguilera, RCA, 1999. My Kind of Christmas, RCA, 1999. Mi Reflejo, BMG Latin/RCA, 2000. Just Be Free, RCA, 2001. Stripped, RCA, 2002. Back to Basics, RCA, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Advocate, September 12, 2006, p. 42. Billboard, August 12, 2000, p. 13.

Newsweek, July 31, 2006, p. 50. New Yorker, September 4, 2006, p. 137. People, December 5, 2005, p. 92; March 19, 2007, p. 130. Rolling Stone, October 28, 1999, p. 93; June 6-20, 2000, p. 82.

Online “Christina Aguilera,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (March 26, 2007). —Gloria Cooksey and James M. Manheim

Aguilera • 11

U

rban R&B singer and producer Akon was born in Senegal, and raised in New Jersey, and has proven to be one of the most interesting and unique new voices in contemporary popular music. After his debut album, Trouble, was released in 2004, Akon worked with some of the best names in hip-hop, rap and pop music, including Eminem, R. Kelly, Gwen Stefani, Young Jeezy, and Obie Trice. With two multiplatinum solo records and a bevy of featured production and vocal spots on tracks for other artists, Akon reached worldwide success with his unique music that mixed styles of everything from hip-hop and R&B to reggae and pop. “He’s got a voice that cuts through the noise: a smooth, slightly nasal instrument that’s one part reggae rootsman, one part Muslim call to prayer, one part R. Kelly,” wrote Rolling Stone’s Peter Relic.

Akon

Akon was born Aliaune Thiam in 1981 in Dakar, Senegal. After just five years Akon and his family moved to Jersey City, New Jersey. Raised by his parents (his father, Mor Thiam, was an accomplished jazz musician), Akon grew up immersed in a musical household. In his teens Akon discovered hip-hop and rap and also encountered the uglier side of life in Jersey City, with its violence and crime. Music was the one constant in his life. “I grew-up listening to all kinds of music. Obviously I love soul songs, but I also like mixing in other types of music,” Akon stated on his website. “For every Stevie Wonder track I’ve listened to, there is another by Steely Dan that helped shape me as an artist.”

Singer, songwriter, producer

AP Images

After getting kicked out of high school, Akon relocated to Atlanta, Georgia. Just as he had done in New Jersey, Akon continued to steal cars and sell them for profit. The aspiring singer ran out of luck one day after stealing a BMW and ended up in an Atlanta jail, where he served three years for grand theft auto. Upon his release, Akon began to focus on writing and recording songs. “Being a convicted felon,” he told Entertainment Weekly, “I couldn’t really get a job, so making music was the best [option].” Shopping around to record labels with a set of home-recorded R&B demos, in 2003 Akon secured a record deal with SRC/Universal Motown.


With a collection of songs that mixed urban R&B vocals, hip-hop beats, touches of reggae, and pop standards, Akon’s debut album shaped up as an eclectic and hard-to-categorize record. On top of everything was Akon’s attention-grabbing voice. In 2004 Akon released his debut album, Trouble, which All Music Guide’s Johnny Loftus called “an interesting hybrid of Akon’s raps and silky, West African-styled vocals with East Coast- and Southern-styled beats.” Universal released two very different singles, the Top Ten hip-hopstyled track “Locked Up” and the crossover pop hit “Lonely.” The hip-hop/rap market got hooked with “Locked Up,” a tune that recounted Akon’s time in jail. The noteworthy single “Lonely” was a hit in the pop market as well as in hip-hop/R&B. Much like Akon


B

orn Aliaune Thiam in 1981, in Dakar, Senegal; son of Mor Thiam (a jazz musician); moved to Jersey

City, NJ, 1988. Released debut album, Trouble, SRC/Universal, 2004; released Konvicted, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Universal/SRC, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404. Website— Akon Official Website: http://www.akononline.com.

himself, “Lonely” was a unique mélange of styles. Akon melodically sung over a sample of 1960s crooner Bobby Vinton’s memorable song “Mr. Lonely.” But while Trouble’s album sales were moderately successful, Akon wasn’t yet a star. Since neither Akon nor his music could be pigeonholed, his career and subsequent success accelerated gradually. Few even knew that Akon was a talented producer until his profile exploded when he appeared on rapper Young Jeezy’s immense 2005 hit “Soul Survivor.” With support from the hip-hop, R&B, and pop markets, Akon became an in-demand producer and guest vocalist. Artists of all genres sought to secure his production skills and vocals for their latest singles. “I think it’s the distinct sound that I bring to the table. People want something different in music,” Akon told Urban Connectionz. In addition to the Young Jeezy single, Akon worked on the Obie Trice single “Snitch,” a remix of India.Arie’s “I Am Not My Hair” and Gwen Stefani’s “The Sweet Escape” from her second solo album of the same name. When it came time for Akon to get back to his own music, he settled in to record his sophomore album at his own Koncast Studios in Atlanta. Cautious not to feature too many special guests on his second record, Akon worked with Eminem for his new single “Smack That,” and with Snoop Dogg for “I Wanna Love You.” With these two smash success singles to support it, in November of 2006 Akon’s new record Konvicted debuted at number two on the Billboard charts; the record sold more than 263,000 copies in its first week. “The new album finds the artist on the rebirth trail, but this time, more of his knack for fusing R&B/soul, hip-hop, pop, jazz, and reggae is exposed,” wrote Billboard ’s Gail Mitchell. While it’s easy to assume the album’s

title, Konvicted, had something to do with Akon’s past legal troubles, the singer told Vibe that it had more to do with personal convictions. “I always felt like I was being convicted in some way. It was the hip-hop world that accepted me so I kept getting labeled as a rap artist. Then I got labeled a reggae artist. I have a lot of political ties with Africa, so some people thought I was a politician. People naturally assumed me to be a certain thing. It was never really let out who Akon really is.” Akon’s collaboration with Eminem on Konvicted ’s “Smack That” earned the pair a Grammy nomination for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration, and by the start of 2007 Akon’s solo material was appearing all over hiphop radio stations, and his work with Stefani’s “The Sweet Escape” was on the pop stations. Akon’s career appears to have no boundaries. Like many contemporary pop artists, Akon has tried to spread his talent to other aspects of the industry, starting with the launch of his record label and clothing line. His Konvict Music, distributed by Interscope, planned to release a debut album by former TLC member Rozonda “Chilli” Thomas.

Selected discography Trouble, Universal, 2004. Konvicted, Universal, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, November 18, 2006. Entertainment Weekly, August 13, 2004, p. 86.

Online “Akon,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 1, 2007). Akon Official Website, http://www.akononline.com (February 1, 2007). “Akon: A Whole New Trouble,” Vibe, http://www.vibe.com/ news/online_exclusives/2006/10/akon_a_whole_new_ trouble/(February 1, 2007). “The Hook Man,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/ news/story/12310051/interview_akon_hiphips_ preeminent_rb_singer_loves_fast_cars_phil_collins_ polygamy (February 1, 2007). Urban Connectionz, http://www.urbanconnectionz.com/ Muzik/AkonKonvicted/Exclusive.html (February 1, 2006). —Shannon McCarthy

Akon • 13

A

lien Ant Farm is a California-based alternative rock group. The band’s style was described in Guitar Player as a mix of “classic rock influences with hip-hop, pop, folk, and punk elements.”

Alien Ant Farm

The band was formed in 1996 in Riverside, California, with Tye Zamora, Terry Corso, Joe Hill, and Dryden Mitchell. They took their name from the humorous notion that humanity was planted on Earth by aliens, who watch us building our civilizations in the same way that a human would watch the tunneling of ants in an ant farm. For the first five years of their existence, they toured up and down California and into Colorado and Arizona and rehearsed every day. David John Farinella wrote in GIG that many music industry observers considered them “The Next Big Thing.” However, those who believed in their potential and those who held the power to sign them were not one and the same. “It Didn’t Work”

Alternative rock band

The band decided to produce their debut album, Greatest Hits, independently and promote and distribute it themselves, hoping to take it national. The album won the award for Best Independent Album in the L.A.

Paul Natkin/Photo Reserve, Inc.



M

embers include Alex Barreto (joined in 2006);

Terry Corso (left in 2003); Mike Cosgrove;

Joe Hill (joined in 2003); Dryden Mitchell; and Tye

In 2001 the band’s cover of a Michael Jackson song, “Smooth Criminal,” hit number one on the singles charts in Australia and New Zealand and number three on the singles charts in the UK. They followed this with another single, “Movies,” which reached the Top 5 in the UK and the Top 20 in New Zealand.

Zamora (left in 2006).

“I Can’t Feel Anything” Formed in Riverside, CA, in 1996; released Greatest Hits, 1999; ANThology, 2001; truANT, 2003; Up in the Attic, 2006.

Music Awards, but the group was still unable to find a record label to take them on. The band’s lead singer, Dryden Mitchell, told Farinella, “We showcased for every label and they all passed.” He noted that when they performed for the labels, “We weren’t concerned with giving them a show. We were just trying to make sure the music was coming across well, and it didn’t work.” He said they later realized that they had to show the labels they could provide a good show and that they would be “marketable–[a band] has to be a product–and I guess we didn’t project that.” Disgusted with the lack of a good reception from the record companies, they went to one final performance for potential label signers. They had an attitude of “We don’t care if we get signed,” and paradoxically it gave the performance energy. An executive, Ron Handler, was there from DreamWorks, and a few hours later he called to offer them a deal. Mitchell later told Farinella that the five years without a label turned out to be a necessary period of growth and learning: “It’s obvious we weren’t ready to handle everything it takes to be signed to a major label until we were signed.” DreamWorks produced the band’s first studio album, ANThology, which was released in 2001; most of the material on it was written by Zamora. Alien Ant Farm joined another band, Papa Roach, and the two bands toured together on their joint Raid the Nation tour, often opening for each other while performing for their overlapping fan bases: Papa Roach was better known in northern California, and Alien Ant Farm was based in the southern part of the state. In Interview, vocalist Dryden Mitchell told Dimitri Ehrlich, “The idea was to steal each other’s fans and vice versa. We became friends, which bands don’t seem to do much nowadays. Usually, it’s more like rival football teams. So it’s cool that we clicked with them.” Dryden also joked, “We didn’t even notice that we had the insect thing [ants and roaches] in common until a couple months after we met.” He recalled that the two bands made a pact that if one of them was successful, it would help the other band move into the big time, too.

Tragedy struck the band in 2002 while the band was touring in Europe. On a 20-hour trip from Luxembourg to Lisbon, their double decker tour bus collided with a truck, killing their driver, 26-year-old Christopher Holland. Corso told Evan Serpick in Entertainment Weekly, “It was like someone tossed a grenade in my bunk. I accordioned into the bottom of my bunk. I looked at my leg and it had a bend to it. I knew it was broken.” The members of the band began calling to each other to find out who was hurt and who was okay. Dryden Mitchell said, “I’m numb, I can’t feel anything.” He had fractured a vertebra in his neck. He was flown to London and then to California, where doctors told him that without surgery he would be paralyzed, and there was a chance he would become a paraplegic. He had the surgery and remained in a halo brace until he was healed; today he still has scars and some permanent nerve damage, but is not disabled. After the experience, the members of the band stayed away from each other for a while, taking time to heal both physically and emotionally. The accident led the band to rethink their priorities and change some of their style. Zamora stopped being the main songwriter and Corso, Dryden, and Mitchell asserted their own musical tastes. The band returned to the studio in 2002 to record their next album, truANT. The production was described by Greg Olwell in Bass Player as offering “nods to Latin music, Motown, and rock of all stripes.” Olwell added that truANT was “an ambitious and farreaching disc.” Zamora told Olwell, “I could never take 100 percent of the credit for the music on the first album, but now that the music is coming from four minds instead of one, it’s getting better.” The album, which was produced by Robert and Dean DeLeo of Stone Temple Pilots, was released in 2003. In Entertainment Weekly, Jim Greer described it as a blend of influences from Gang of Four, Rush, and the Police. One track, “Glow,” spent time in the New Zealand Top 20. DreamWorks, the band’s record label, closed two months after the album was released. In 2003 Terry Corso left the band to join Powerman 5000. He was replaced by Joe Hill, who had formerly played guitar with a band called Spiderworks. In the meantime, Universal Music bought DreamWorks and signed the band to its Geffen Records label in 2004. In that same year, the band recorded a song, “Dark in Here,” for a video game called Punisher. The band recorded an album with producer Jim Wirt in 2005; they had worked with him before on their indeAlien Ant Farm • 15

pendent debut album Greatest Hits. However, because of contractual obligations they had to allow Geffen to release the album after Geffen refused to allow them to release it as an independent disc. In retaliation, the band toured on their own and sold bootleg copies of the album to fans, who called the bootleg release 3rd Draft. In 2005 Geffen let Alien Ant Farm release the album on the Universal Music Enterprises label. The band announced a new album, Up in the Attic, in early 2006, and also released a DVD, BUSted: The Definitive DVD, in early 2006. Tye Zamora left the band in April of 2006 and was replaced by Alex Barreto, who had formerly played in hardcore bands including Chains of Strength, Hard Stance, and Inside Out. In July of that year, Up in the Attic was released on iTunes. In Entertainment Weekly, Mitchell told Evan Serpick that all the ups and downs of the band’s career, particularly the bus accident, had left him philosophical about the band’s success: “We’re fortunate to be here, so it doesn’t bother me. If all this went away, I would be bummed, but not devastated. Nothing’s really tragic anymore.”


Selected discography Greatest Hits, 1999. ANThology, DreamWorks, 2001. truANT, DreamWorks, 2003. Up in the Attic, iTunes, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Bass Player, September 1, 2003, p. 26. Billboard, September 6, 203, p. 40. Entertainment Weekly, August 22, 2003, p. 133; September 5, 2003, p. L2T4. GIG, November 1, 2002, p. 10. Guitar Player, September 2001, p. 23; November 2003, p. 28. Interview, April 2001, p. 57.

Online Alien Ant Farm Official Website, http://www.alienantfarm. com/ (January 30, 2007). —Kelly Winters

W

hile young jazz players have made their names by relying on new sounds and novel techniques, tenor saxophonist Harry Allen has pursued his craft the old-fashioned way. His inspiration reaches back, before post-bop and fusion of the 1960s and 1970s, to connect with Stan Getz, Zoot Sims, and other prominent players who began their careers during the 1940s and 1950s. “When I was in school there was sort of a feeling like ‘John Coltrane is hip and nobody else is,’” he told Jason Crane in All About Jazz. “That’s certainly not the case. John Coltrane is hip and so is Coleman Hawkins. It seems maybe there’s an acceptance that all styles are relevant.”

Harry Allen

Allen, who recorded his first date as a leader by the age of 21, has released 30-plus albums, won multiple awards and readers’ polls, and has performed with jazz greats Kenny Burrell, Herb Ellis, Ray Brown, and Hank Jones. “For those jazz aficionados who love the melodic, mainstream approach to the tenor saxophone– better known as the ‘classical’ sound–Harry Allen has been its reigning prince for the past 16 years,” wrote Stephen Fratallone in Jazz Connection Magazine.

Saxophonist

© Jack Vartoogian/FrontRowPhotos

Allen was born on October 12, 1966, in Washington, D.C., but grew up in California and Rhode Island. His father was a jazz drummer, and even before Harry was in kindergarten the elder Allen played jazz records for his son. “I learned to love [jazz] so much,” he told Crane, “that when I finally was at an age where I was hanging out with kids who were listening to rock and roll, I heard it and thought, ‘What the hell is that?’” At seven Allen began accordion lessons, and at 12 he started playing the saxophone. He played in his middle and high school bands, and when away from music, he played baseball. “By the end of high school,” he told Crane, “it seemed like I had a better shot making it as a musician than as a baseball player.” Following high school Allen attended Rutgers University in New Jersey, less because of the school’s music program than because of its relaxed scheduling. He believed it was important to earn a degree, but he also wanted time to frequent the nightclub scene in New York City and hear other musicians. Allen focused on classwork during the day and caught the train into the city at night. By visiting the clubs he was able to find work—so much work, in fact, that he considered dropping out of Rutgers. Allen persevered nonetheless, and in 1988 received his bachelor’s degree in music. After college Allen toured Europe several times with Oliver Jackson. Jackson took the young saxophone player under his wing, teaching him performance skills and introducing him to European promoters. In New York City Allen played at weddings and parties with singer-guitarist John Pizzarelli and was allowed, thanks to Pizzarelli’s father, Bucky, to sit in on rehearsals with famed clarinetist Benny Goodman and saxophonist Scott Hamilton. Allen recorded his first album

Allen • 17


B

orn Harry Allen on October 12, 1966, in Washington, D.C. Education: Rutgers University, bach-

elor of arts degree in music, 1988. Recorded debut as a leader, How Long Has This Been

Dance, and Plays Ellington Songs. Of the latter album, Michael G. Nastos wrote in All Music Guide, “Allen’s tenor sax sound is perfectly suited for the music of Duke Ellington.” After recording Love Songs Live! for Nagel-Heyer in 2000, Allen cut a series of albums for BMG, including Here’s To Zoot and Cole Porter Songs. “The music I play is happy music,” Allen told Fratallone. “It’s happier and it makes people feel good. So, maybe for that reason it has endured longer. Time will tell.”

Going On?, 1988; released A Night at Birdland, Vol. 1 and A Night at Birdland, Vol. 2, 1993, and Jazz im Amerika Haus, Vol. 1, 1994; issued a series of albums for Mastermix, including I Know That You Know and Someone to Lighten Me, 1995, and A Little Touch of Harry, 1997; recorded three albums for RCA, Harry Allen Meets the John Pizzarelli Trio, I Won’t Dance, and Plays Ellington Songs, 1999-2000; recorded a series of albums for BMG including Here’s To Zoot and Cole Porter Songs, 2001; issued Hey, Look Me Over with the Harry Allen-Joe Cohn Quartet, 2006; released Turnstile, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Arbors Records, 2189 Cleveland St., Ste. 225, Clearwater, FL 33765, phone: 727-466-0571, website: Arbors Records Website: http://www.arborsrecords.com.

as a leader for Progressive in 1988, How Long Has This Been Going On?, at the age of 20 or 21. “It was really nerve-wracking,” Allen told Crane. “I remember saying to Major Holley, ‘Do I sound a little nervous? Does my saxophone sound a little nervous?’ He was a big, gruff guy, and he said, ‘Well, do you feel nervous?’ I said, ‘Yeah!’” In 1993 Nagel-Heyer released A Night at Birdland, Vol. 1 and A Night at Birdland, Vol. 2, both featuring live performances by Allen in the company of trumpeter Randy Sandke, pianist Brian Dee, and bassist Len Skeat. “Allen has an attractive and passionate tone and is heard in excellent form throughout the nine standards,” wrote Scott Yanow in All Music Guide. Allen followed with Jazz im Amerika Haus, Vol. 1 in 1994, another live set. “His appealing sound and solid sense of swing are well showcased,” wrote Yanow. In the mid-1990s Allen recorded a series of albums for the Mastermix label, including I Know That You Know (1995), Someone to Lighten Me (1995), and A Little Touch of Harry (1997). In 1999 and 2000 Allen recorded three albums for RCA, Harry Allen Meets the John Pizzarelli Trio, I Won’t 18 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

In 2006 Allen and guitarist Joe Cohn released Hey, Look Me Over on the traditional jazz label Arbors. The recording was augmented by Allen’s working band, bassist Joe Forbes and drummer Chuck Riggs, who provided a steady underpinning on both original numbers and classics like Benny Goodman and Charlie Christian’s “Seven Come Eleven.” Edward Blanco wrote in All About Jazz, “Playing a selection of jazz standards favoring the harmonious marriage of the tenor and guitar, Allen and Cohn fashion ten tracks of brisk and mellow music with a good dose of swing.” The Jazz Journalist Association nominated the Harry Allen-Joe Cohn Quartet as the best small ensemble band of 2006. Allen’s record of accomplishments is an impressive feat for a jazz player only in his early forties. He has won three gold disc awards from Swing Journal Magazine and has toured throughout the United States, Europe, and the Far East. Besides his own recordings, he has appeared on multiple recordings by other artists, including Tony Bennett, Jake Hanna, and Sheryl Crow. While Allen’s style may evoke the sounds of yesterday, his hallmark as a musician remains change and growth. “I never try to play something the same way,” Allen told Crane. “Nothing drives me crazy like a gig where I have to play the same set every set, which sometimes happens. I hate that. I like to do it differently and find new things to do and make it interesting. If it’s not interesting for me, I can’t see where it would be interesting for anybody listening.”

Selected discography How Long Has This Been Going On?, Progressive, 1988. A Night at Birdland, Vol. 1, Nagel-Heyer, 1993. A Night at Birdland, Vol. 2, Nagel-Heyer, 1993. Jazz in Amerika Haus, Vol. 1, Nagel-Heyer, 1994. Celebration Of Billy Strayhorn’s Music, Vol. 1, Progressive, 1994. Celebration Of Billy Strayhorn’s Music, Vol. 2, Progressive, 1994. I Know That You Know, Mastermix, 1995. A Little Touch of Harry, Mastermix, 1997. Harry Allen Meets the John Pizzarelli Trio, RCA, 1999. Plays Ellington Songs, RCA, 2000. Love Songs Live!, Nage-Heyer, 2000. Here’s to Zoot, BMG, 2001.

Cole Porter Songs, BMG, 2001. If Ever You Were Mine, BMG, 2003. Hey, Look Me Over, Arbors, 2006. Turnstile, Nagel-Heyer, 2007.

Sources Books Michael Erlewine, editor, All Music Guide to Jazz, Miller Freeman, 1998.

Online “Harry Allen,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/ (February 9, 2007). “Harry Allen: In a Mellow Tone,” All About Jazz, http://www. allaboutjazz.com/ (February 9, 2007). “Hey, Look Me Over,” All About Jazz, http://www.allaboutjazz. com/ (February 9, 2007). “Just Wild About Harry,” Jazz Connection Magazine, http:// www.jazzconnectionmag.com/ (February 9, 2007). —Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr.

Allen • 19

Michael Amante Singer

T

he career of American tenor Michael Amante harks back to that of 1940s and 1950s star Mario Lanza in its broad audience appeal and in the way both singers easily cross the boundary between classical and popular music. Amante’s repertoire includes opera, the beloved Italian popular songs of the Naples region, Broadway standards, and contemporary pop. He has taken his place in a long tradition of ItalianAmerican singers shaped by the operatic culture of their ancestral homeland, but he has been able to draw audiences from across the musical spectrum with highenergy presentations drawing on his experience in rock and musical theater. “I call myself the Bon Jovi of opera singers,” Amante told Nancye Tuttle of the Lowell, Massachusetts, Sun. Michael Amante was born Michael Stobnicke in Syracuse, New York. His mother was of Italian background and his physician father was Polish-American. He adopted the more easily pronounced name Michael Amante when he moved to New York City and decided to pursue a singing career. Amante has refused to discuss his age with interviewers, but his MySpace web page stated that he was 44 years old in early 2007. Amante’s first exposure to music came when his father, who had a fine tenor voice, serenaded his mother to an enthusiastic response. “I wanted to do that, to make people feel that good,” Amante explained in his website biography. Neither parent encouraged his musical gifts, however; Amante’s father hoped his son would follow him into the medical profession, while his mother wanted him to study for the priesthood.


Amante sang in church choirs, and a teacher at his Catholic school helped him along by exposing him to a recording by Swedish opera star Jussi Björling. After attending Syracuse University, Amante transferred to the State University of New York at Oswego and majored in music and graphic design. He spent part of his senior year studying in Italy and teaching English to Italian students, discovering a side benefit of opera mastery—it attracted women. “Even when they weren’t into classical music, when I sang to them, forget about it,” he explained to Mary Kunz of the Buffalo News. Amante returned to the United States speaking Italian fluently, and he eventually learned several other European languages. After graduation Amante worked as a crisis intervention counselor during the day while performing with a rock band at night, traveling to gigs in cities along the New York Thruway toll road. Even after achieving classical stardom, Amante continued to listen enthusiastically to hard rock and heavy metal music by the likes of the German band Rammstein. But the long hours on the road began to wear on him, and he actually found that singing opera was easier on his voice than full-throated rock screams. “Even though [opera] is louder, it’s easier to produce,” he told Chuck Darrow of New Jersey’s Bergen County Record. “When you sing rock, all you do is belt. You sing from the throat. Singing from the throat tires you out.” In the late 1990s Amante headed for New York City. He got nowhere with opera auditions and had to fall back on his graphic design skills, landing a job with the Ernst & Young accounting firm. Appearing at a benefit for a Manhattan high school, he feared singing in front of famed tenor Luciano Pavarotti—even more than with the various high profile individuals, including presidents George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton and Pope John Paul II, who were to hear Amante’s singing in the coming years. But Pavarotti was encouraging. “He couldn’t have been nicer to me,” Amante told Darrow. “He treated me like a nephew.” Amante persisted with his efforts, and in 2000 he approached powerhouse talent agent Sonny Grosso (a retired New York City detective who was the model for the character played by Roy Scheider in the film The French Connection) at a benefit dinner where Grosso was the host, asking whether he could sing a number on the evening’s musical program. “I asked him what he had in mind and he sang the most beautiful aria I’d ever heard,” Grosso recalled, as quoted on the website of the Clear Channel New Music Network. “I was knocked out and so was everyone else.” Grosso took charge of Amante’s career, placing him in prestigious gigs at the Algonquin Hotel and at the microphone of the legendary East Harlem Italian restaurant Rao’s. There, in 2001, Amante was spotted by influential music executive Charles Koppelman and was quickly put into the studio with veteran producer Phil Ramone to record Michael Amante, an album of


B

orn Michael Stobnicke ca. 1963, in Syracuse, NY; married, wife’s name Seema; three children. Edu-

cation: State University of New York at Oswego, bachelor’s degree with double major in music and graphic design; also attended Syracuse University. Sang in rock bands and community theater productions in central New York state area; worked as graphic designer for accounting firm Ernst & Young, 1990s; performed at nightclubs, including Rao’s restaurant and Algonquin Hotel, 2000–; released Michael Amante, 2001; performed at Alice Tully Hall, New York City, 2002; released Tell Her I Love Her, 2003; released Humbled, 2005.

Sinatra’s “All the Way.” Phil Ramone again served as producer, and Amante enlisted the aid of songwriting heavyweights such as the team of Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil as co-writers with Amante on “Last Morning of My Life.” Amante returned to independent distribution for two further releases, Just for Christmas (2004) and the sacred Humbled (2005). By that time Amante had married an Indian-American physician and started a family of three children. He applied his enthusiasm for Italian gourmet cooking to preparing dinners at home to ease his wife Seema’s hectic schedule, and several of his original recipes were published in Pasta magazine. By 2007 Amante was looking to take his career to the next level with Broadway roles or the establishment of his own theater in Las Vegas, Nevada. His enthusiasm for classical vocals was strong. “When you hit a B natural with all the guts and glory, there’s nothing better,” he told Eric Zengota of the Bergen County Record. “I wish I could fly off the stage to the rafters. Chills go off like an atom bomb throughout the theater.”

Addresses: Home—Queens, NY. Management—Don Durando, 101 New York Ave., Long Beach, NY 11561. Website—Michael Amante Official Website: http:// michaelamante.com.

Selected discography Michael Amante, Medalist, 2001. Tell Her I Love Her, RCA, 2003. Just for Christmas, 2004. Humbled, 2005.

Italian arias. Touring in support of the album, Amante received mixed critical reviews. Keith Powers of the Boston Herald complained of “missed entrances, off-key playing and singing, instruments that didn’t work, and bad pacing” in Amante’s appearance at Boston’s prestigious Symphony Hall. Still, the added exposure benefited Amante’s career significantly. A Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) special was devoted to the singer in 2001, and he appeared at prestigious New York venues such as Lincoln Center and, in 2003, Town Hall. By the mid-2000s Amante was singing as many as four concerts a week in venues located primarily along the U.S. Eastern seaboard, although he had also ventured as far as Italy’s Altamonte Festival. Amante had a high public profile thanks to appearances at Connecticut’s giant Foxwoods and Mohegan Sun casinos, and as National Anthem vocalist at numerous New York–area sporting events. Amante was signed to the major RCA label for his 2003 album Tell Her I Love Her, which featured a mix of English- and Italian-language popular songs, including covers of Mario Lanza’s “Be My Love” and Frank

Sources Periodicals Boston Herald, March 7, 2003, p. 16; March 15, 2003, p. 27. Buffalo News, November 29, 2001, p. C1. Post-Standard (Syracuse, NY), September 26, 2002, p. E1. October 3, 2003, p. 16. Record (Bergen County, NJ), June 28, 2002, p. 48; December 5, 2003, p. 16. Sun (Lowell, MA), February 13, 2007.

Online “Biography,” Michael Amante Official Website, http://www. michaelamante.com (February 23, 2007). “Michael Amante,” Clear Channel New Music Network, http:// www.clearchannelnewmusicnetwork.com/artist/ michaelamante (February 23, 2007). “Michael Amante,” MySpace, http://www.myspace.com (February 23, 2007). “Michael Amante,” WLIW television, http://wliw.org/ productions/amante.html (February 23, 2007). —James M. Manheim

Amante • 21

W

hile he has not achieved mass commercial success in his own right, multi-instrumentalist, singer and songwriter Adrian Belew has performed with a wide variety of rock luminaries for nearly 30 years. His unique impressionistic guitar style has repeatedly earned him Guitar Player magazine’s “experimental guitarist” award. He is also a tantalizing pop vocalist in the tradition of the Beatles and Harry Nilsson. The growing number of artists who have sought his talents as a producer illustrates the respect he has attained in the business.

Adrian Belew

Beginnings Born Robert Steven Belew on December 23, 1949, in Covington, Kentucky, he changed his first name in 1975 because he had always liked the name Adrian. As a child he sang for friends and family and beat holes in the linoleum on his bedroom floor with drum sticks. After drumming in his high school marching band, he became the singing drummer in “The Denems,” a Cincinnati-area Beatles cover band. As mainstream rock moved from the Beatles to Jimi Hendrix, he picked up the guitar and began to formulate his signature style.

Guitarist, singer, songwriter, drummer, pianist

Tim Mosenfelder/Getty Images

First Big Breaks


By the late 1970s he was playing bar and hotel lounge gigs in a group called Sweetheart, astonishing Nashville audiences with a joyous physical style that included pounding and bending the neck and body of his guitar. His showmanship caught the attention of Frank Zappa, who exploited his unusual skills for a year of touring and musical tutelage. Belew’s contributions could be seen in the movie Baby Snakes and heard on Sheik Yerbouti and on volumes 1 and 6 of You Can’t Do That On Stage Anymore. David Bowie was among those who saw Belew on the 1978 Zappa tour. He enlisted Adrian to play guitar on the 1978 live set Stage and on the 1979 studio session Lodger. After wrapping up a worldwide tour with Bowie, Belew was approached by producer Brian Eno, who connected him with David Byrne and the Talking Heads. Belew played on portions of the 1980 Talking Heads classic Remain in Light and accompanied the band on the supporting tour. This led to Belew’s participation in the 1981 debut of the Tom Tom Club, where he co-wrote, without credit, their hit single “Genius of Love.” He also briefly played with an Illinois-based band called Gaga, using his recorded drum tracks in live performances. Solo Recordings In 1981 Belew landed a deal with Island Records and began recording his first solo project, Lone Rhino. The album captured many aspects of Belew’s thriving talents and presented musical and conceptual themes


B

orn Robert Steven Belew, Dec. 23, 1949, in Covington, KY; children: Audie, Ernie, Iris.

Professional guitarist, 1970s–; played with group Sweetheart, 1976; served as guitarist for various artists, including Frank Zappa, David Bowie, Talking Heads, Laurie Anderson, Jean-Michel Jarre, and Paul Simon; member of King Crimson, c. 1981-84; member of the Bears, beginning c. 1987; joined reformed King Crimson, early 1990s. Addresses: Record company—Adrian Belew Presents, P.O. Box 956, Mt. Juliet, TN 37121, e-mail: mgt@ adrianbelew.net.

that recur in his later releases. His guitar, drum, and vocal work is backed with piano and saxophones provided by former Gaga members. The opening track, “Big Electric Cat,” was a stunning introduction to the screeching, Hendrix-like attacks that Belew coaxed from his Stratocaster. The song was featured as a computer-generated video that is crude by today’s standards but was fresh enough to be seen regularly in the formative days of MTV. “Naive Guitar” and “Hot Sun” were restrained experimental guitar pieces that foreshadow later instrumental releases. “The Man in The Moon” was a touching tribute to Belew’s father, who died when Adrian was 19. In “The Lone Rhinoceros” and “Final Rhino,” Belew imitated the majestic beast and lamented the imminent loss of the majestic species. “Swingline” and “Adidas in Heat” had a swingera flavor that recalled his marching band days. Some critics regarded Belew’s next set, Twang Bar King, as a disappointing sequel. The album was constructed in a different vein, offering a tongue-in-cheek self portrait of the rock and roll persona that Belew developed while paying his dues in bar bands. It opened with an energetic rendition of the Beatles single “I’m Down.” For an artist who had all of two albums under his belt, covering a relatively obscure Beatles’ number could have seemed overly ambitious if not conceited. In Belew’s case it was about paying tribute. His passion for the music of his youth was brought home with humility in tunes like “I Wonder,” “Another Time,” and “The Rail Song.” Showing still another side, Belew released the surprising Desire Caught by The Tail in 1986. The album consisted of seven instrumental tracks featuring Belew on guitar and percussion without accompaniment. It

marked the first of many Belew references to Pablo Picasso, underscoring Belew’s interest in the visual arts. Virtually all of his cover art was created by his first wife, Margaret, or by Belew himself, and he often commented in interviews that painting informed and inspired his music. With 1989’s Mr. Music Head, Belew broke through as a solo act, scoring success with the single “Oh Daddy!,” which featured his daughter Audie on vocals. Like some of the tunes on Twang Bar King, “Oh Daddy!” was a reflection on Belew’s place in the music business. Belew played all of the instruments on the album with the exception of bass work by Mike Barnett on two tracks. This set also featured the remarkable “1967,” a plaintive acoustic number with strong Harry Nilsson influences, which many regard as his best song. Songs like “Peaceable Kingdom,” “Hot Zoo,” “Bird in a Box,” and “Cruelty to Animals” had the wild cacophonous feel that is a Belew trademark. In 1990 Belew released Young Lions, featuring the single “Pretty Pink Rose,” a duet with co-author David Bowie. The guitar duel accentuated Belew’s acrobatics and showed why Bowie wanted him for his Sound + Vision tour. Belew wound up his Atlantic recording contract with Inner Revolution. The personal album contained multiple allusions to Belew’s failed marriage and the hope engendered by his relationship with his second wife, Martha. The vocals were more intimately recorded than his previous efforts, and songs like “This Is What I Believe In,” “Big Blue Sun,” “Birds,” and “The War In The Gulf Between Us” were sparsely arranged. His guitar work was subdued to fit the somber mood. Moving in the same direction, he released Acoustic Adrian Belew in 1993, proving that some of his most raucous tunes could be interpreted acoustically. A second volume of acoustic numbers, Belew Prints, was released in 1998, featuring more solo tunes and items from his work with the band King Crimson. Belew continued his homage to the Beatles with the 1994 release Here, the first of several projects to be recorded in his home studio in Nashville. It opened with “May 1, 1990,” an upbeat testimonial to his second wife. Three selections from Acoustic Adrian Belew; “Peace on Earth,” “Burned by the Fire We Make,” and “Dream Life,” were reworked with more elaborate instrumentation, and the album, more than any other, provided a warm blend of long, bending electric guitar notes and delicate acoustic work. Turning again to purely instrumental explorations, Belew released 1995’s Guitar Orchestra: The Experimental Guitar Series Volume I, which highlighted Belew’s ability to imitate wind and bowed string instruments with synthesized guitar and demonstrated the breadth and subtlety of Belew’s guitar innovations. Belew • 23

On the 1996 release Op Zop Too Wah, Belew synthesized all the elements of his varied styles. Containing 21 tracks, many of which are presented as couplets, the collection ran the gamut of musical genres, including distorted psychedelia, country rock, beat poetry, blues, ambient samplings, and acoustic ballads. The project had a structure reminiscent of side two of the Beatles’ Abbey Road. Between 1997 and 1999 Belew assembled lost tracks, live bits, and alternate takes on two collections, Coming Attractions and Salad Days. The live recordings illustrated why King Crimson commonly included a short set of Belew numbers on tour. For many years, Belew has been compiling a more ambitious collection of rarities called Dust; it has remained in the post production stage with portions released on the Internet. In the new millennium Belew has focused on three small group collaborations called Side One, Side Two, and Side Three. On Side One Belew played all of the instruments except for three cuts featuring Primus bassist Les Claypool and Tool drummer Danny Carey. On the shorter Side Two, more of an electronic avantgarde departure, Belew used Japanese Haiku as the basis for the album’s lyrics. Side Three, the most adventurous of the trilogy, reunited him with Claypool and Carey, and contained guest contributions from Robert Fripp and flute-saxophonist Mel Collins. King Crimson In 1974 guitarist Robert Fripp pulled the plug on the legendary progressive rock outfit King Crimson, declaring that the band was dead “for ever and ever.” Fripp auditioned Belew for a band he planned to call Discipline, and then realized he had the essential ingredient for an updated King Crimson. Former Crimson drummer Bill Bruford and Chapman stick player Tony Levin were added. In 1981 they released their debut album, Discipline, supported by an appearance on the ABC variety show Fridays. Critics and fans soon realized they were hearing something very challenging that combined minimalism and new wave pop. Buoyed by solid record sales and a successful tour, they released the similarly styled Beat in 1982 and Three of a Perfect Pair in 1984 before calling it quits. Ten years later the foursome emerged again with a “double trio” version of King Crimson, adding Trey Gunn on Warr guitar and former Mr. Mister drummer Pat Mastelotto. They released two studio projects, Vrooom and Thrak, and the live sets B’boom, Live in Japan ’95, Thrakattack, and Thrak Tour Pack. This version of the band was powered by a heavy industrial sound similar to the second side of Three of A Perfect Pair. Later, with Bruford and Levin out of the mix, they cut ConstrucKtion of Light in 2000 and Power to Believe in 2003. Rumor surfaced that Gunn would be replaced by Tony Levin for a new release in 2007. 24 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

Harnessing Adrian Belew’s broad, guitar-based palette of sounds helped Fripp to continue King Crimson with the kind of “small, mobile, intelligent” approach he favored. He described Belew’s abilities in a Guitar Player interview: “I continue to be astonished by what he can do. The energy and power he brings to bear are utterly astonishing.” Fripp also acknowledged Belew’s unprecedented longevity as a King Crimson band member, adding that “Adrian is all that you could ever ask for in a front man or as a rhythm player.” Belew’s infectious pop sensibilities have provided a balance in the band’s repertoire and broadened its audience. His distinctive Hendrix-inspired riffs have relegated Fripp to a lesser role and opened the door to further explorations by Pat Mastelotto and Trey Gunn. Thirty years after its inception the King Crimson franchise is bigger than ever. Fripp launched Discipline Global Mobile in the 1990s as a platform to release live and studio recordings from every era of King Crimson. As a sure sign of the band’s increasing popularity, members of other King Crimson lineups have toured as the Twenty-first Century Schizoid Band. The Bears If King Crimson captured Belew’s serious side, his output with Cincinnati-based band The Bears documents his fun side. In addition to Belew, the band included Rob Fetters on guitar, Bob Nyswonger on bass, and Chris Arduser on drums. In 1987 they released The Bears, with a single, “Trust.” A year later came Rise and Shine, and in 2001 Car Caught Fire. Without Belew, the other three members have released recordings under the band name The Psychodots and have all made solo recordings. The Bears have been a consistent outlet for some of Belew’s best pop hooks.

Selected discography With Frank Zappa Sheik Yerbouti, Rykodisc, 1979.

With David Bowie Stage, Rykodisc, 1978. The Lodger, Virgin, 1980.

With the Talking Heads Remain in Light, Sire, 1980. The Name of This Band Is the Talking Heads, Sire, 1982.

With the Tom Tom Club The Tom Tom Club, Sire, 1981.

Solo Lone Rhino, Island, 1982. Twang Bar King, Island, 1983. Desire Caught By the Tale, Island, 1986. Mr. Music Head, Atlantic, 1989. Young Lions, Atlantic, 1990. Desire of the Rhino King, Island, 1991. Inner Revolution, Atlantic, 1992. Here, Caroline, 1994. The Guitar as Orchestra: Experimental Guitar Series, Vol. 1, Discipline, 1995. Acoustic Adrian Belew, Discipline, 1995. Op Zop Too Wah, Passenger, 1997. Salad Days, Thirsty Ear, 1998. Belew Prints: The Acoustic Adrian Belew, Vol. 2, Adrian Belew Presents, 1998. Coming Attractions, Thirsty Ear, 2000. Side One, Sanctuary, 2005. Side Two, Sanctuary, 2005. Side Three, Sanctuary, 2006.

With the Bears The Bears, Primitive Man, 1987. Rise and Shine, Primitive Man, 1988. Car Caught Fire, Car Caught Fire, 2001. Eureka!, TBA, 2007.

With King Crimson Discipline, EG, 1981.

Beat, EG, 1982. Three of a Perfect Pair, Warner Bros., 1984. Vroom, Virgin, 1995. Thrak, Virgin, 1995. The ConstrucKtion of Light, Virgin, 2000. The Power to Believe, Sanctuary, 2003.

With Project Two Space Groove, Discipline, 1998. Live Groove, Pony Canyon, 1999.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, May 14, 1994; April 8, 1995. Cincinnati Post, February 18, 2005. Guitar Player, October 1993; April 1994; October 1998; May 2005; June 2003; July 2006. New Statesman, January 1, 1999. Rolling Stone, June 4, 1987; August 10, 1989.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (Jan. 18, 2007). —Elizabeth Wenning and Bruce Walker

Belew • 25

B

est known for his signature song “I Left My Heart in San Francisco,” Tony Bennett experienced an unparalleled resurgence in both popularity and record sales 40 years after first making his name in the entertainment business. Bennett, who was 57 years old when MTV first hit the airwaves, found an unlikely new audience in the younger generation, and resurfaced, familiar grace intact. Highlighting his return to music’s inner circle, Bennett shared the stage with the Red Hot Chili Peppers at the 1993 MTV Music Awards. Once well known for his criticism of rock music, he now embraced its audience with a performance on MTV’s Unplugged, singing with Elvis Costello, k.d. lang, Lemonheads heartthrob Evan Dando, and J. Mascis of the prototype grunge band Dinosaur Jr. When asked by the London Observer to explain his popularity with fans born two decades after his 1951 recording debut, he remarked, “They see me as a guy who’s never given in, like a fighter who never took a dive. And I think they like me because I don’t try to do what they do, and because I sing in an honest way.”

Tony Bennett

Urged into the alternative arena by his son and manager, Danny, Bennett was at first wary of the new turn his career was taking. “I was playing Carnegie Hall or the Merv Griffin resorts and then he had me going on Letterman, and I finally said, ‘What are you doing?’ But he said he knew something that I didn’t realize. And what he knew is that there is a huge audience that likes me even more than their parents,” Bennett told Utah’s Salt Lake Tribune. Danny Bennett sensed a growing interest on the part of the public for the musical styles that had marked the elder Bennett’s career. His suspicion proved correct when Spin magazine publisher Bob Guccione Jr. published an editorial piece that applauded the music of traditional crooners, Bennett included. Danny Bennett commented to the Chicago Tribune, “We are living at a time when young people are expanding their horizons. It’s a time when Frank Sinatra can share the top of the charts with Pearl Jam.” He urged his father to present his music to a younger audience, through appearances on The Late Show with David Letterman, SCTV, and even The Simpsons. Danny also arranged a meeting between his father and the Red Hot Chili Peppers, who were Bennett fans. The result was a brief tour, with Bennett’s halcyon vocal musings opening for the Chili Peppers’ frenetic, bassdriven rock.

Frederick M. Brown/Getty Images

Singer


When Bennett’s The Art of Excellence hit the music stores in 1986, few would have predicted that two Grammy Awards would be the result. Danny Bennett and Columbia, however, had a hunch. Perfectly Frank and Steppin’ Out captured Grammy Awards in 1992 and 1993, respectively. The first covered lesser-known Frank Sinatra songs and the second paid tribute to songs sung by Fred Astaire in his movies. Both records captured the svelte Bennett style, unchanged over the years. Though some critics tried to diminish Bennett’s resurrection by calling it simply a kitsch-laden fad among younger music listeners, Columbia vice-


B

orn Anthony Dominick Benedetto on August 13, 1926, in Astoria, Queens, NY; son of Giovanni

“John” Benedetto (an Italian grocer) and Anna Suraci (a seamstress); married Patricia Beech, 1952 (divorced, 1971); married Sandra Grant, 1971 (divorced, 1984); children: Danny (Bennett’s manager), Daegal, Antonia, and Joanna. Career began in New York City’s Greenwich Village nightclubs during the 1940s; recorded for Leslie records as Joe Bari, 1947; discovered by Bob Hope and brought to New York’s Paramount Theater; landed Columbia recording contract, 1950; appeared in film The Oscar, 1966; released over 80 albums on Columbia Records before departing label in 1971; recorded for Verve and Phillips, 1971-73; started Improv Records, 1973; resigned by Columbia Records, 1986; co-wrote autobiography, The Good Life, with Will Friedwald, 1998. Awards: Grammy Awards: Best Pop Male Vocal and Record of the Year, for “I Left My Heart in San Francisco,” 1962; Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance, for Perfectly Frank, 1992, and for Steppin Out, 1993; Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance and Album of the Year, for MTV Unplugged, 1994; Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance, for Here’s to the Ladies, 1996; for On Holiday, 1997; and for Bennett Sings Ellington: Hot & Cool, 1999; Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album, for Playin’ with My Friends: Bennett Sings the Blues, 2002; Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album (with k.d. lang), for A Wonderful World, 2003; Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album, for The Art of Romance, 2005; Pop Collaboration with Vocals and Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalists (with Stevie Wonder), and Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album, for Duets: An American Classic, 2006; named member of the National Endowment for the Arts Class of 2006, Jazz Masters; Billboard Century Award, 2006.

president of marketing Jay Krugman felt otherwise. He told Billboard, “This is no novelty, but a real artist spanning the decades, permeating the culture. His stature and sales perspective will continue to spread from the more traditional older audience to the MTV demo.” And when the word “comeback” was used to describe his recent career history, Bennett demurely remarked to the New York Times, “Comeback? What comeback?ѧ I never went anywhere.” Strictly speaking, Bennett is correct. Although the 1970s proved a difficult period for old-school crooners, he never gave up touring and still logs 200 days a year on the road. “When I stopped recording,” Bennett told the Washington Post, “I also stopped all the deadlines, and I suddenly had the freedom to think about performing, to take that energy and concentrate on what I have to do to entertain people.” The only change for Bennett was the size of the room in which he performed—he retained his urbane charm and velvet delivery. Danny took over as his father’s manager in 1979, and the pieces began falling into place. By 1995 Bennett was once again in great demand, and by 2006 he was openly acknowledged as a true American classic. “Today’s young people are the most enthusiastic audience I’ve ever had,” he told Good Housekeeping, “and all I’m doing is what I’ve always done—sing good songs.” Bennett’s Italian-born father was a grocer, and his American mother was a seamstress. Bennett was raised in Astoria, Queens, a borough of New York City. Early on, Bennett was not the family’s strongest prospect for a career in entertainment. His older brother John was a member of the Metropolitan Opera Boys’ Chorus and showed potential as an opera singer. Tony Bennett lightheartedly remarked to the Washington Post, “It was that whole Italian family pride, y’know— ‘he’s an opera singer, this is serious.’ How could I compete?” Bennett showed a propensity for painting and drawing and had a knack for imitating comedy acts he heard on radio, such as Al Jolson and Eddie Cantor. The family’s joviality quickly ended, though, after the death of Bennett’s father when Bennett was only nine. Young Tony was sent to live with an uncle while his mother recovered from the tragedy. The boy was not a welcome addition in his uncle’s household, and as soon as his mother was able, he happily returned to his Astoria neighborhood and attended New York’s High School for the Industrial Arts, where he originally planned a career in commercial art.

Addresses: Record company—Columbia Records/Sony Music Entertainment, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022-3211,

website:

http://www.sonymusic.com.

Gallery—Benedetto Arts, LLC, 48 West 10th St., Ste. B, New York, NY 10011, phone: 516-487-8921, fax: 212-397-1371, website: http://www.benedettoarts. com.

After Bennett graduated he joined the Army’s 63rd Infantry Division and saw combat action in Germany in World War II. The war, as was the case for a generation of men and women, had a dramatic effect on the young man. “I saw men die there. ѧ All the innocence goes out of you,” he remarked to the Observer. During his military service Bennett had a run-in with a sergeant, who took a dislike to Bennett after the young man had Thanksgiving dinner with a black soldier. Bennett was Bennett • 27

demoted, then given the duty of recovering bodies from mass graves left by the Germans. Despite his experience, Bennett remained for a second tour, this time as an entertainer, to sing for troops still stationed in Europe at the war’s end.

marriage to Sandra Grant in 1971 met with the same fate. As Bennett told London’s Daily Mail, “The adulation put pressure on my marriages. I got too much too soon. It takes a long time to learn to live with the helium in the brain and you just kind of float away. You need lead weights to hold you down.”

Pursued Singing

After the onset of Elvis Presley and rock and roll, his career was in need of a boost. A renewed explosion in Bennett’s popularity occurred after the release of “I Left My Heart in San Francisco,” which would become Bennett’s signature song. He told the Washington Post, “I’ve sung it for presidents and royalty, and I’ve been invited all over the world. It’s sustained me right through the years.” The rock and roll revolution, though, could not be assuaged forever, and Bennett hit a professional and personal low in the early 1970s.

Bennett returned to New York and set out to build a career in show business. In addition to taking singing lessons on the G.I. Bill, he found a job for $15 a week as a singing waiter at the Pheasant Tavern in Astoria, Queens, and adopted the stage name Joe Bari. Bennett told Robert Sullivan in Life, “I loved the job. I figured, if I do this for the next 20 years, fine. I get to sing.” Although Bennett’s work satisfied his professional aspirations, his mother felt that he could do better, and she urged her son to find more lucrative employment. Since the elder Bennett’s death, the family needed every dollar. Bennett found a job as an elevator operator at a New York hotel, but he also continued working toward his own goal. Performing in nightclubs in Greenwich Village in New York were such names as Billie Holiday, Stan Getz, Charlie Parker, and the little-known Joe Bari. Under that name, Bennett first recorded for the New Jerseybased Leslie Records label in 1947. Bennett worked hard on the club circuit, first gaining attention by placing second to Rosemary Clooney on the popular television variety show Arthur Godfrey’s Talent Scouts. That effort resulted in an invitation from Pearl Bailey to perform at her Greenwich Village Inn. Bennett caught his next break when Bob Hope saw his act and brought him to the Paramount Theater to join Hope’s show. The name Bari, however, caused Hope some concern. “Just before I’m going on,” Bennett told Sullivan, “Hope tells me the name’s no good. He asks what my real name is. I say Anthony Benedetto. That doesn’t do it for him either. So he goes out and says to the audience, “And here’s this new singer, Tony Bennett!’ He had to introduce me twice, ’cause I didn’t know who he was talking about.” In 1950, again with Bob Hope’s assistance, Bennett landed a recording contract with Columbia. The following year, Bennett’s “Because of You” rocketed to number one on the U.S. charts. Quick to follow were two more hits, “I Won’t Cry Anymore” and “Blue Velvet.” He was also among the first major artists to record a rendition of a song written by country superstar Hank Williams, the two million-selling hit “Cold Cold Heart.” Bennett soon became one of America’s most popular singers and a contemporary of such crooners as Jerry Vale, Al Martino, Vic Damone, Frank Sinatra, and Sammy Davis Jr. He also immortalized the romantic era of American music, cutting dozens of albums and making hundreds of appearances worldwide. Bennett married Patricia Beech in 1952. Their relationship lasted 20 years before ending in divorce. A second 28 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

Refused to Change In 1971 Clive Davis, Columbia’s president, urged Bennett to bring his style in line with the rock and roll artists who were beginning to dominate pop audiences. After releasing over 80 albums for the label based on a simple strategy of quality material coupled with his own velvety voice, Bennett refused to change. Davis reportedly told him, “No one who leaves this label is ever heard from again,” according to Sullivan. As rock and roll flourished and Beatlemania swept the United States, however, Bennett did consider updating his act. He confessed to Sullivan, “I asked Count Basie if I should try rock. Basie told me in that sly, wise way of his, ‘Why change an apple?’” Dark days in Bennett’s professional career reflected a steady downturn in his personal life. Bennetts’s alcohol and drug use, coupled with the public’s changing musical tastes, conspired to leave Bennett behind. Without a recording contract, Bennett spent his time on the road and was constantly mired in debt. Late one night, during a stay in Las Vegas and still awake from a post-performance party, Bennett gazed down from his hotel terrace and noticed a man walking the streets. The moment proved to be an epiphany for the blearyeyed singer. “It was like a light bulb went off in my head. Very quickly I came to realize all I needed to make me happy was a drumroll, a band, and some people who want me to sing,” Bennett told Good Housekeeping. “Looking back, I know I grew up only when I was already in my forties.” Giving up the trappings of stardom and staying true to his talent, Bennett has managed a most unlikely return to grace. With his companion, Susan Crow, a jazz agent, Bennett now spends those few days when he is not on the road at their New York apartment, reading voraciously and painting. For his second art form, he has retained his given name, Anthony Benedetto, and carries brushes, canvas, and an easel on the road with him. Bennett’s works have sold for as much as $40,000

and are shown in both major and minor galleries. The father of four children—his daughter has started to make inroads as an entertainer in her own right—he has continued to devote himself to both his painting and music, with no indication that he will give up either any time soon. Once the lounge, swing, and Rat Pack revivals of the late 1990s and early 2000s ended, it would have seemed logical that Bennett’s resurgence would fade. However, the singer continued touring, recording prolifically, and winning major awards at an astounding clip. With many of his contemporaries either retired or deceased, he remains one of the last icons of cool from the early 1950s who can still deliver the goods. In 2006 a slew of pop music stars, ranging from Barbara Streisand, Bono, and Tim McGraw to Diana Krall, Michael Buble, and the Dixie Chicks flocked to record with him on the award-winning album Duets: An American Classic. In late 2006 he appeared in a Saturday Night Live sketch in which guest host Alec Baldwin did a devastating impression of the singer, while the genuine article portrayed a Bennett impersonator named “Anthony Benedetto.” Lest anyone think he was there just for laughs, he ended the show by singing a jazzy showstopping duet with the young superstar Christina Aguilara. Even though he has passed the age of 80, Bennett’s life seems to be dictated by the following anecdote: “The great jazz-blues singer Joe Williams told me once,” Bennett related to the Saturday Evening Post, “‘What people don’t realize about you is not that you want to sing. You have to sing.’”

Selected discography Singles “Cold Cold Heart,” Columbia, 1951. “Because of You,” Columbia, 1951. “I Won’t Cry Anymore,” Columbia, 1951. “Blue Velvet,” Columbia, 1951. “Rags to Riches,” Columbia, 1953. “Can You Find It In Your Heart,” Columbia, 1956. “From the Candy Store on the Corner to The Chapel On the Hill,” Columbia, 1956. “Happiness Street (Corner Sunshine Square),” Columbia, 1956. “The Autumn Waltz,” Columbia, 1956. “Just in Time,” Columbia, 1956. “Ca, C’est L’amour,” Columbia, 1957. “In the Middle of an Island,” Columbia, 1957. “Firefly,” Columbia, 1958. “Young and Warm and Wonderful,” Columbia, 1958. “I Left My Heart in San Francisco,” Columbia, 1962. “I Wanna Be Around,” Columbia, 1963. “The Good Life,” Columbia, 1963. “Who Can I Turn To (When Nobody Needs Me),” Columbia, 1964. “If I Ruled the World Love,” Columbia, 1965. “A Time for Love,” Columbia, 1966. “Just in Time,” Sony, 2006.

Albums Because of You, Columbia, 1952. Cloud 7, Columbia, 1955. The Beat of My Heart, Columbia, 1957. Tony, Columbia, 1957. (With Count Basie) Basie Swings, Bennett Sings, Roulette, 1958. Long Ago and Far Away, Columbia 1958. Alone at Last with Tony Bennett, Columbia, 1959. Because of You, Columbia, 1959. Blue Velvet, Columbia 1959. Hometown, My Hometown, Columbia, 1959. In Person!, Columbia, 1959. (With Basie) Strike Up the Band, Roulette,1959. A String of Harold Arlen, Columbia 1960. Alone Together, Columbia, 1960. To My Wonderful One, 1960. Tony Sings for Two, Columbia, 1960. (With Basie) Bennett and Basie Strike up the Band, Roulette, 1961. My Heart Sings, Columbia, 1961. At Carnegie Hall, Columbia, 1962. Mr. Broadway, Columbia, 1962. I Left My Heart in San Francisco, 1962. I Wanna Be Around, 1963. This is All I Ask, Columbia, 1963. The Many Moods of Tony, Columbia, 1964. When the Lights Are Low, Columbia, 1964. Who Can I Turn To, Columbia, 1964. If I Ruled the World: Songs for the Jet Set, Columbia, 1965. A Time for Love, Columbia, 1966. Singer Presents Tony Bennett, Columbia, 1966. The Movie Song Album, Columbia, 1966. (Original Soundtrack) The Oscar, Columbia, 1966. For Once in My Life, Columbia, 1967. Tony Makes it Happen, Columbia, 1967. Yesterday I Heard the Rain, Columbia, 1968. Snowfall: The Tony Bennett Christmas Album, Columbia, 1968. Just One of Those Things, Columbia, 1969. I’ve Gotta Be Me, Columbia, 1969. Tony Bennett’s Something, Columbia, 1970. Tony Sings the Great Hits of Today!, Columbia, 1970. Get Happy with the London Philharmonic Orchestra, Columbia, 1971. Summer of ’42, Columbia, 1972. With Love, Columbia, 1972. Tony!, Columbia, 1973. Sunrise, Sunset, Columbia, 1973. The Rodgers and Hart Songbook, Improv / DRG, 1973. Let’s Fall in Love with the Songs of Harold Arlen and Cy Coleman, Improv / DRG, 1975. Life is Beautiful, Improv / Concord Jazz, 1973. The Tony Bennett - Bill Evans Album, Improv / Fantasy, 1975. Together Again, Improv / DRG, 1976. Tony Bennett Sings 10 Rodgers & Hart Songs, Improv, 1976. Tony Bennett Sings More Great Rodgers & Hart, Improv, 1976. Tony Bennett with the McPartlands and Friends Make Magnificent Music, Improv / DRG, 1977. The Special Magic of Tony Bennett, DRG, 1979. The Art of Excellence, Columbia, 1986. 16 Most Requested Songs, Columbia/ Legacy, 1986. Bennett/Berlin, Columbia, 1987. Tony Bennett Jazz, Columbia, 1987.

Bennett • 29

Astoria: Portrait of the Artist, Columbia, 1990. Forty Years: The Artistry of Tony Bennett, Columbia/Legacy, 1991. The Art of Excellence, Columbia, 1992. Perfectly Frank, Columbia, 1992. The Essence of Tony Bennett, 1993. Steppin’ Out, Columbia, 1993. In Person! With Count Basie and His Orchestra, 1994. Unplugged, 1994. Fifty Years: The Artistry of Tony Bennett, Columbia/ Legacy,1995. Here’s to the Ladies, Columbia, 1995. The Playground, Sony, 1995. On Holiday, Columbia, 1996. Bennett Sings Ellington: Hot & Cool, Columbia, 1999. Playin’ with My Friends: Bennett Sings the Blues, Columbia, 2001. A Wonderful World, RPM Records/Columbia, 2002. The Complete Improv Recordings, Concord, 2004. The Art of Romance, RPM Records/Columbia, 2004. Perfectly Frank: An American Classic Celebrates, Sony, 2006. Duets: An American Classic, RPM/Columbia, 2006. Classic Collection [Box Set], Sony, 2007.

Video Tony Bennett Sings, Sony, 1981. Tony Bennett Live: Watch What Happens, Sony, 1991. A Family Christmas, Sony, 1992. Unplugged [live], Sony, 1994. Art of the Singer, Sony, 1995. Special Evening with Tony Bennett [live], Image, 1999. New York, Eagle Eye, 2000. Live by Request, Sony, 2001. It Don’t Mean a Thing: In Concert [live], Unlimited Media, 2002. Wonderful World: Live in San Francisco, Sony, 2002. An Intimate Night [live], K.C. Sales, 2003. In Concert: I Left My Heart in San Francisco [live], Immortal, 2005. An American Classic, RPM, 2006. Duets: The Making of an American Classic [live], RPM, 2006. The Music Never Ends, RPM, 2007.


Sources Books Bennett, Tony, with Will Friedwald, The Good Life, Pocket Books, 1998. Erlewine, Michael, et al, editors, All Music Guide, Miller Freeman Books, 1994. Larkin, Colin, editor, Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music, Guinness Publishing, 1992.

Periodicals Billboard, October 21, 1995. Chicago Tribune, June 5, 1994. Daily Mail (London, England), May 7, 1993. Good Housekeeping, April 1995. Independent (London, England), May 19, 1994. Irish Times (Dublin, Ireland), May 14, 1993. Life, February 1995. Los Angeles Times, November 26, 1995. Maclean’s, August 1, 1994. New York, August 22, 1994. New York Times, May 1, 1994. Observer (London, England), March 5, 1995. Orlando Sentinel, February 12, 1995. Salt Lake Tribune, May 4, 1994. Saturday Evening Post, January/February 1995. Washington Post, June 30, 1991.

Online Official Tony Bennett Website, http://www.tonybennett.net (February 28, 2007). “Tony Bennett,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 28, 2007). “Tony Bennett,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com (February 28, 2007). —Rich Bowen and Ken Burke

O

Blue October Rock band

riginally formed in 1996, Blue October is a Texasbased rock band. They are best known for the songs “Hate Me” and “Into the Ocean” from their album Foiled, which was certified gold. In VH1.com, Gil Kaufman described the band’s music, saying that it “blends industrial beats with classical arrangements, and whisper-to-a-scream vocals.” Blue October was formed in 1996 when lead singer and guitarist Justin Furstenfeld and his brother, drummer Jeremy Furstenfeld, got together with their friend Ryan Delahoussaye, who played several instruments. They later added C.B. Hudson, a guitarist and singer, and Matt Noveskey, a bass player. Hudson had been influenced by heavy metal and blues. Delahoussaye was a classically trained violinist who played in a country style and whose onstage presence was in sharp contrast to the popular notion of a violinist: he wore glued-on devil horns and had a dragon tattoo on his back. Noveskey’s background was in R&B and funk. Although Jeremy Furstenfeld had never played drums until the band’s first album, he found that he had a knack for drumming and expanded his skills with each of the group’s albums. Justin Furstenfeld, who went to a performing arts high school, wrote most of the band’s

AP Images

Blue October • 31


M

embers include: Ryan Delohoussaye, violin, mandolin, keyboard, vocals; Jeremy Fursten-

feld, drums; Justin Furstenfeld, vocals, guitar; C.B. Hudson, lead guitar, vocals; and Matt Noveskey, bass, vocals. Formed in 1996; released The Answers, 1998; Consent to Treatment, 2000; History for Sale, 2003; Argue with a Tree, 2004; Foiled, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Universal Records, 1755

In 1999 Blue October signed with Universal Records, which released their second album, Consent to Treatment, in 2000. In 2002 Universal dropped the band, and their third album, History for Sale, was picked up by Brando Records. A song from this album, “Calling You,” was featured on the soundtrack to the movie American Wedding, and as a result the band began to receive wider attention and exposure. Because of this success, Universal invited them back, and they accepted. On the group’s Myspace page, Justin Furstenfeld wrote of this decision: “I just felt at Universal, we had a team of people who understood us, and who loved us for all the right reasons. I wasn’t about to walk through life with people who didn’t really know me.”

Broadway, New York, NY 10019.

“Blue October Has Broken Through”

songs and was known for his sharply painful and honest lyrics. “That’s When Our Lives Changed” The band’s name came from a turning point in Justin Furstenfeld’s life. His musical heroes had included people like Jean-Michel Basquiat, Kurt Cobain, and Elliott Smith, all of whom died young from suicide or drugs. He and other members of the band were doing drugs because they thought that was what rockers were supposed to do. But as Furstenfeld told Kaufman, “As I abused drugs I realized they were driving me nuts.” He added, “In October of [the year when I was 21] I realized I had to clean myself up and do something positive. That’s when our lives changed.” The new band was managed by Jeremy and Justin’s parents, who called themselves “RoDan Entertainment.” The group released their first album, The Answers, in 1998, despite the fact that Justin had had a very difficult year in 1997. As C.B. Hudson told Jonathan Dean in Associated Content, Justin was diagnosed with schizophrenia in 1997: “He was actually working as a supervisor in a mental health facility. He went through a dark period that year, where he went from an employee to a patient for a few weeks.” Hudson added, “Yes, Justin is on Paxil, but he feels that the brutal honesty of his lyrics are his true therapy.” One of the band’s fans had a connection with the local Houston, Texas, ABC television station, and through this fan, the band gave a performance during the early morning news show. It was their first live performance and helped spur sales of the album, which sold over 5,000 copies in Houston alone.


In 2006 Blue October had another hit, the single “Hate Me,” which hit the number 2 spot on Billboard ’s Modern Rock Tracks chart. The song came from their 2006 album Foiled and described a relationship that collapsed because one person’s problems with drug addiction drove the other person away. In Billboard, Christa L. Titus praised the song’s “painfully honest lyrics” and Justin Furstenfeld’s “intense vocal delivery.” Chuck Taylor wrote in Billboard that the song’s success made it apparent that “Blue October has broken through,” and he predicted success for the band. The band played “Hate Me” on The Tonight Show With Jay Leno and also on Jimmy Kimmel Live. Because of their success with Foiled, Blue October expanded their touring and playing in 2006, although the start of the tour was delayed because Justin Furstenfeld broke his leg while running the bases at a baseball stadium where the band had performed. Although the band had originally played mostly in Texas and the Midwest, they began touring throughout the United States as well as in Canada, Mexico, England, Germany, and the Netherlands. In November of 2006 they were the opening act for a Rolling Stones concert in Boise, Idaho. The band is generally well received, but when they are not, they know how to deal with hecklers. Justin Furstenfeld told Kaufman that he wears eyeliner on stage, and that during a concert in Lubbock, Texas, one listener was upset by it: “This big cowboy up front said, ‘You queer, what are you doing! I’ll show you what people in Texas do to people like you.’ So, I started blowing him kisses, which made him even madder.” Justin Furstenfeld told Kaufman that the band’s fans have let them know how powerful their music is: “These two brothers came up to us at a show once and one of them had been having problems and looking for an

easy way out. He said he heard our song and it was so powerful he changed his mind.” Furstenfeld said the two brothers then took off their shirts and showed him their matching tattoos, which said, “For My Brother,” and thanked him for saving their lives. He added, “That’s when it hits you that [being in a band is] not about money or women or drugs.” Jeremy Furstenfeld wrote on the group’s Myspace page, “Our fans really make us what we are. We have a tight bond with them. Many have become our friends through the years. To see them sing these songs right back at us as we play them is amazing. It blows me away any time.”

Selected discography The Answers, 1998. Consent to Treatment, Universal, 2000. History for Sale, Brando Records, 2003. Argue with a Tree, Universal, 2004. Foiled, Universal, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, March 18, 2006, p. 60; May 6, 2006, p. 38; May 13, 2006, p. 82; August 12, 2006, p. 76; December 16, 2006, p. 44.

Online “An Interview with C.B. Hudson of Blue October,” Associated Content, December 19, 2006, http://www.associatedcontent.com/pop_print.shtml?content_type=article&content_ type_id=102232 (February 16, 2007). “Blue October: Brain Scan and Heart Throb,” VH1, http:// www.vh1.com/artists/interview/1483984/20031231/blue_ october_rock_.html (February 16, 2007). Blue October Myspace Page, http://www.myspace.com/ blueoctober (February 13, 2007). Blue October Official Website, http://www.blueoctoberfan. com/foiled/biography.php (February 13, 2007). —Kelly Winters

Blue October • 33

more modern vibraharp.

Gary Burton Vibraharpist, composer, bandleader

J

azz musician and Percussive Arts Society Hall of Famer Gary Burton has spent more than three decades playing the vibraharp and is credited with both revolutionizing the instrument’s sound and broadening the jazz audience as a whole. While he was still in his teens, the budding musical innovator adopted the use of additional mallets—traditional vibraharps make use of only two—to maximize the xylophone-like instrument’s lush vibrato and resonance. The two-time Grammy Award winner then pioneered the fusion movement in the middle 1960s when he integrated pop devices, folk, country, and rock rhythms with jazz. In 1965 he and his group donned the casual dress of the Beatles’ generation in an effort to capture fans from a younger generation. In an interview with Bill Milkowski in Down Beat, Burton commented on the universality of jazz and its inherent power to cross lines of age, race, and gender, saying that “the attraction of jazz ѧ is this improbable combination of the spontaneous and emotional with something that is also intellectually challenging and stimulating.” Born January 23, 1943, in Anderson, Indiana, Burton began music lessons at an early age upon the insistence of his parents, who wanted all of their children to study an instrument. Intrigued by one particular instrument’s size and method of play—namely, the use of mallets to create its rich sound—the six-year-old Burton chose the marimba. However, his venture into music seemed ill-fated when he refused to budge from his seat at his first lesson. Upon returning home with his mother, he begged her to let him try again and within a short time mastered both the marimba and the 34 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

Soon Burton was adapting both piano and violin music for his instruments. By the age of eleven, he was performing around his hometown of Princeton, Indiana, with a band that consisted of his father, brother, and sister. Four years later, when his piano teacher loaned him an Erroll Garner record, Burton developed a serious interest in jazz. In 1959, at the age of 16, Burton attended the first summer jazz band camp at Bloomington, Indiana, and decided on the spot that he wanted to be a professional musician. “Before that I thought I was playing for fun,” Burton told High Fidelity, “and I always pictured myself playing weekends to make some money, but I intended to be something serious—like a doctor, lawyer, or an engineer.” On graduating from Princeton High School in 1960, Burton planned on entering the Berklee College of Music in Boston but was sidetracked by a chance to play gigs in Nashville. As a teenager Burton had met “Yakety Sax” man Boots Randolph. A mentor to Burton with close ties to Nashville, Randolph introduced the budding musician to Hank Garland, who then asked Burton to join him playing clubs and recording in Nashville that summer. “That one sojourn to Nashville was more of an aberration than anything else,” Burton said in the High Fidelity profile. By 1961 Burton was anxious to leave for Boston, where he studied jazz at Berklee and classical composition at the Boston Conservatory. Primarily self-taught, Burton had already perfected a four-to-six mallet vibe playing technique at a time when two mallets were standard. Boston was as intrigued as Nashville had been by this innovation, but Burton spent only two years at Berklee and the Boston Conservatory before heading to New York in 1963. He joined pianist George Shearing’s quintet in New York, and soon learned that working with seasoned professionals would expose his shortcomings as a soloist. Burton’s next apprenticeship came when he joined tenor saxophonist Stan Getz a year later. Getz had popularized the bossa nova blend of jazz and Brazilian folk rhythms with his 1964 megahit The Girl from Ipanema, and Burton received television and movie exposure while playing at jazz festivals, concerts, and clubs. By 1965 his visibility netted him Down Beat’s Talent Deserving Wider Recognition Award. In 1967 Burton formed his own band with guitarist Larry Coryell, bassist Eddie Gomez, and drummer Joe Hunt, breaking several jazz precedents. As an improvisor and composer, Burton opted for a repertoire of both original compositions and jazz standards. As his band incorporated new and old material, the players shed the universal suit and tie attire of jazz artists. The younger market responded when Burton released Duster, which became the forerunner of the fusion movement in 1967. Critics called his innovations “gimmicky” at the time, but hindsight has since credited


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orn January 23, 1943, in Anderson, IN; wife’s name, Cricket; children: two. Education: Attended

Berklee College of Music and Boston Conservatory, 1961-63. Began recording in Nashville, TN, 1960; toured with pianist George Shearing, 1963; performed with saxophonist Stan Getz, 1964-67; bandleader, 1964–; appeared at Newport Jazz Festival, 1970, and Montreux Festival, 1971; staff member at Berklee College of Music; author of The Musician’s Guide to the Road. Awards: Down Beat awards: named Talent Deserving Wider Recognition, 1965; Jazzman of the Year, 1968; numerous citations in the magazine’s readers’ and critics’ polls, 1968–; Grammy Awards: Best Solo Performance, for Alone at Last, 1971; Best Group Performance, for Duet, 1979; inducted into Percussive Arts Society Hall of Fame, 1989. Addresses: Record company—Concord Music Group, Inc., 100 Crescent Dr., Ste. 275, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, phone: (800) 551-5299. Website—Gary Burton Official Website: http://www.garyburton.com.

Burton with perpetuating jazz at a time when the musical form was in danger of extinction. “If you are original,” Burton told High Fidelity, “you get a lot of grief in the beginning. But once you get established, you get recognized as having something special.” Successful since his debut, Burton has been named top player on vibes in numerous Down Beat readers’ and critics’ polls. He won his first Grammy Award in 1971 for Alone At Last, a recording of his solo performance at the Montreux Jazz Festival that same year. His second Grammy followed in 1979, for Best Group Performance on the album Duet with keyboardist Chick Corea. Burton has worked with a long list of other legendary jazz artists as well, including Stephane Grappelli, Steve Swallow, “Tango Destroyer” Astor Piazzolla, Keith Jarrett, Ralph Towner, Jerry Hahn, Mick Goodrick, Pat Metheny, John Scofield, and Peter Erskine. “Without sacrificing the energy or the poetry of his playing,” wrote Ron Givens in Stereo Review, “Burton has made music like an insatiable scholar.” Burton and his wife, Cricket, raised two children while he was performing, teaching, and recruiting musicians.

A permanent staff member who is also dean of curriculum planning and development at Berklee, Burton is known for shaping the careers of new artists. “There’s some excitement about a young player developing,” Burton told Milkowski. “You feel like it rubs off on you a little. You find it inspiring and rejuvenating. It keeps your own music from becoming routine and repetitive.” Burton also authored an instructional booklet, The Musician’s Guide to the Road, with jazz students in mind. A leader of “thoughtful” jazz, Burton has continued to find the time to initiate young sidemen in a style so uniquely his own that critics refer to his play as “textbook Burton.” “I keep telling myself I’ll cut back,” Burton told Fred Bouchard in Down Beat about the future, “but that moment hasn’t arrived.” In early 1992 Burton teamed with clarinetist Eddie Daniels at Pasadena’s Ambassador Theater for a knockout 1930s big band/swing retrospective featuring the music of Benny Goodman and Lionel Hampton. Burton’s public admission of homosexuality in the mid1980s did nothing to slow the admiration of critics and the public. “The public makes a lot more fuss about pop artists’ marriages, divorces, sexuality, drunken escapades, whatever. I was able to come out without [any] negative consequences,” he told a reporter for The Advocate in 2005. He retired as executive vice president of Berklee College of Music and moved to Fort Lauderdale “because there is an active and friendly gay scene.” In the late 1990s, Burton re-teamed with alumni from his most popular group lineups to record Like Minds. The legendary vibes man was able to corral Pat Metheny, Chick Corea, Roy Haynes, and Dave Holland in the studio. “Pat contacted me, wondering if Chick and I would be interested in recording with him,” Burton explained to a Billboard reporter in 1998. “I was surprised to find out that Pat and Chick had never played together. Interestingly, Pat attended the very first duet gig Chick and I ever did. He was around 20 years old at the time, playing in my band. He thought it would be his only chance to see Chick and I play together.” While age has slowed Burton’s recording and touring somewhat, he has continued doing both into the early 2000s. Long ago acknowledged as a master of his craft, he has reached legendary status during his lifetime and remains a vital performer, bandleader, and composer.

Selected discography New Vibe Man in Town, RCA Victor, 1962. Who Is Gary Burton?, RCA Victor, 1962. 3 in Jazz, RCA, 1963. Something’s Coming, RCA, 1963. The Groovy Sound of Music, Bluebird/RCA, 1963. The Time Machine, RCA, 1966.

Burton • 35

Tennessee Firebird, RCA, 1966. Duster, Koch, 1967. Lofty Fake Anagram, RCA, 1967. A Genuine Tong Funeral, BMG/RCA Bluebird, 1967. Gary Burton Quartet in Concert, RCA, 1968. Country Roads and Other Places, RCA, 1968. Throb, Atlantic, 1969. Good Vibes, Atlantic, 1969. Paris Encounter, Atlantic, 1969. (With Stephane Grappelli) Paris Encounter, Atlantic, 1970. Gary Burton & Keith Jarrett, Atlantic, 1971. Live in Tokyo, Atlantic, 1971. Alone at Last, Atlantic, 1971. Crystal Silence, ECM, 1972. Works, ECM, 1972. The New Quartet, ECM, 1973. Seven Songs for Quartet and Chamber Orchestra, ECM, 1973. Hotel Hello, ECM, 1974. (With Eberhard Weber) Ring, ECM, 1974. Matchbook, ECM, 1974. Dreams So Real, ECM, 1975. Passengers, ECM, 1976. Times Square, ECM, 1978. Duet, ECM, 1979. Easy as Pie, ECM, 1980. Picture This, ECM, 1982. Real Life Hits, ECM, 1984. Gary Burton and the Berklee All-Stars, JVC, 1985. Whiz Kids, ECM, 1986. Slide Show, ECM, 1986. Times Like These, GRP, 1988. Reunion, GRP, 1989. Right Time, Right Place, GNP/Crescendo, 1990. Cool Nights, GRP, 1991. Green Apple (recorded 1969), Moon, 1992. Six Pack, GRP, 1992. (With Eddie Daniels) Benny Rides Again, GRP, 1992. (Contributor) Weird Nightmare: Meditations on Mingus, Columbia, 1992. It’s Another Day, GRP, 1993. Face to Face, GRP, 1994.


Live in Cannes, Jazz World, 1996. Astor Piazzolla Reunion: A Tango Excursion, Concord Jazz, 1996. Departure, Concord Jazz, 1997. Like Minds, Concord Jazz, 1998. Libertango: The Music of Astor Piazzolla, Concord Jazz, 2000. For Hamp, Ted, Bags, and Cal, Concord Jazz, 2001. Virtuosi, Concord, 2002. Music of Duke Ellington, LRC Ltd., 2003. Generations, Concord Jazz, 2004. Next Generation, Concord, 2005. Live In Montreux: 2002, Eagle Eye, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Advocate, April 1, 1997; Aug. 30, 2005. Atlanta Constitution, November 20, 1992. Billboard, November 21, 1998. Boston Globe, January 28, 1993. Down Beat, December 21, 1978; January 11, 1979; December 1979; January 1983; July 1988; April 1989; August 1989; March 1990; April 1992; December 1992. High Fidelity, August 1981. Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1992. Rolling Stone, November 16, 1978. Senior Scholastic, April 25, 1968. Stereo Review, March 1989; May 1990; February 1993. Time, March 1, 1968. World Monitor, July 1992.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (Jan. 18, 2007). —Marjorie Burgess and Bruce Walker

W

ith a publishing deal at age 15 and a major-label record contract at 17, R&B/pop singer Ciara reached one of her greatest goals with the release of her multi-platinum solo debut album Goodies in 2004. From an early age, Ciara knew she wanted to write songs and become a pop star, act in movies, and sell millions of albums. With two hit records under her belt, Ciara’s hard work and youthful exuberance have set her up for what the young singer hopes will be a long career. Often dubbed the First Lady of Crunk, or the Princess of Crunk & B, by the time she was 21, Ciara had worked with some of the best producers and songwriters in the hip-hop/R&B genre and had co-written and co-produced two records and won a Grammy Award.

Ciara

Born Ciara Princess Harris in Austin, Texas, Ciara was a self-described army brat, spending much of her early childhood moving from one town to another. Ciara’s father, Carleson Harris, served in the U.S. Air Force, and after living in Arizona, California, Nevada, New York, and Germany, Ciara and her parents eventually settled in Athens, Georgia. A star of the Riverdale High cheerleading squad, by the time she was 14 Ciara knew she wanted to pursue a career in music. Ciara soon auditioned for the singing group Hearsay, but shortly after joining, due to musical differences, the group split. That was fine for Ciara, who had her sights set on a solo career. Singing wasn’t Ciara’s only talent, and she quickly proved to be a talented songwriter, signing a publishing deal before she could legally drive. Ciara began to write her own songs, selling some to R&B/pop singer Mya and Blu Cantrell. Ciara’s talents as well as her good looks caught the attention of hip-hop producer Jazze Pha, who took Ciara under his wing and assisted in her eventual recording contract with LaFace Records in 2003.

AP Images

Singer, songwriter

“I’ve always admired people who write their songs,” Ciara told Ebony. “I’m a big fan of Michael Jackson and Sam Cooke, and because I love their music so much it makes me want to do the research. I want to learn as much as I can about music. I admire artists who have longevity. That’s my ultimate goal. To be like Janet [Jackson], Patti [LaBelle] and Missy [Elliott].” As Ciara began work on her R&B/pop debut solo album for LaFace, southern hip-hop and its crunk style of music (especially in Atlanta) were at their peak of popularity. Up until producer and rap star Lil Jon teamed up with Ciara to produce the track “Goodies” (a track Ciara co-wrote with Sean Garrett), southern-style hip-hop was a male-dominated scene. With Ciara’s smooth pop-minded R&B vocals and the heavy crunk beats produced by Lil Jon, “Goodies,” became an instant hit in the summer of 2004. Critics and fans began to call the track a crunk-&-b hit; a song that was equal parts R&B and hip-hop crunk. “When I define crunk music I define it as the heavy metal of hip-hop,” Ciara told Designer Magazine. “It’s high energy music. ѧ So when you add R&B to it you make this high energy crunk & b.” The sexy singer also began to earn the nicknames Ciara • 37


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orn Ciara Princess Harris on October 25, 1985, in Austin, TX; daughter of Carleson (served in the Air

Force) and Jackie Harris. Member of girl group Hearsay; signed first publishing deal at age 15; signed with LaFace/Zomba Records, 2003; released solo debut, Goodies, 2004; acted in the film All You’ve Got, 2006; released Ciara: The Evolution, 2006. Awards: Grammy Award, Best Short Form Music Video, for Missy Elliott’s “Lose Control,” 2006. Addresses: Record company—LaFace Records/Zomba, One Capital City Plaza, 3350 Peachtree Rd., Ste. 1500, Atlanta, GA 30326, website: http://www.laface.com. Website—Ciara

Official

Website:

http://www.

ciaraworld.com.

of Princess of Crunk & B, or the First Lady of Crunk & B; titles she appreciated but didn’t always agree with. As Ciara told Ebony, she felt that “Goodies” was really the album’s only definite “Crunk-&-B” song. “I think it’s cool that I’m setting a trend,” she said. “But there is more to Ciara than just Crunk-&-B.” In September Ciara released her debut full-length album, Goodies. Unlike most young R&B/pop singers at the time, Ciara had a hand in co-writing a majority of the album’s songs. The album included the hot title track as well as other hit singles “1, 2 Step,” featuring Missy Elliott, and “Oh,” featuring Ludacris. “The album is an ample mix of beat-heavy party jams, midtempo grooves and heatseeking ballads,” wrote Billboard ’s Gail Mitchell. Goodies mingled 1980s style R&B with the electro-pulses of the most contemporary hip-hop and sold over 2.6 million copies in the United States alone. Ciara spent the remainder of 2004 and much of 2005 making television appearances and touring the country to promote her debut. While the singer is known for keeping her personal life as private as possible, after singing on rapper Bow Wow’s amorous duet “Like You,” the press had a field day once they could finally prove that the stars were also a real life couple. In October of 2005 Ciara and then-boyfriend Bow Wow appeared on the cover of Vibe for a story titled “Lovers and Friends: Bow Wow & Ciara.” The star closed out the year with a string of U.S. dates with pop superstar Gwen Stefani. And in addition to the Bow Wow hit, 38 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

Ciara became a sought-after singer by other artists. She appeared on hit singles for Missy Elliott’s “Lose Control” and Field Mob’s “So What.” In February of 2006 Ciara was nominated for several Grammy Awards, including Best New Artist; she took home a shared Best Short Form Music Video award for Elliott’s “Lose Control.” Once Ciara was a star, it seemed obvious that she would contribute her talents to other areas of the entertainment world. With a starring role in a made-forMTV volleyball movie All You’ve Got, Ciara began to make her mark a star to be noticed. In October of 2006, Ciara turned 21, and her new single, “Promise,” hit the radio and music television charts. The sensual ballad may not have been an expected first single, but as All Music Guide’s Andy Kellman wrote, “The song is tremendous, one of the sexiest, slow-tempo, non-breakup songs of the past ten years.” In December LaFace released Ciara’s sophomore album, Ciara: The Evolution. The new record debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. Once again, a number of top producers, songwriters, and vocalists were on board for Ciara’s new record, including Lil Jon, Pharrel Williams, and Dallas Austin. For her second effort, Ciara co-wrote and co-produced the entire album. “There was a certain way a record used to groove back in the day. I wanted to go back to what I really loved growing up,” she told Billboard’s Clover Hope about her latest collection of songs. “With my last album, I was going with the flow, but here I was able to start from scratch. It started with me just having a clear vision of where I wanted to go.” Ciara the songwriter consciously put more of herself into her lyrics, and opened up to her fans more than she ever had before. “Ciara’s singing is nimble throughout: She whispers, coos, wails and reels off speedy syncopations worthy of Beyonceé herself,” wrote Entertainment Weekly’s Jody Rosen. “It’s definitely a transformation form the first album to this one,” Ciara told MTV.com about The Evolution. “I’ve been learning a lot throughout this whole recording process. And I’m thankful just to be in my second album. But it’s all about where I’m going next.”

Selected discography Goodies, LaFace, 2004. (Contributor) Step Up (soundtrack), Jive, 2006. Ciara: The Evolution, LaFace, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, October 2, 2004; November 18, 2006. Ebony, June 2005.

Entertainment Weekly, December 8, 2006. People, October, 18, 2004.

Online “Ciara,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 1, 2007). “Ciara,” Designer Magazine, http://designermagazine.tripod.

com/CiaraINT1.html (February 1, 2007). Ciara Official Website, http://www.ciaraworld.com (February 1, 2007). “Ciara Talks Single Life, Dreams of Acting Like A Boy On Evolution,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/ 1541563/20060922/ciara.jhtml (February 1, 2007). —Shannon McCarthy

Ciara • 39

W

hen singer Natalie Cole was in college at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, she performed weekends at nightclubs. Prior to one show, a small club displayed a sign that announced her only as Nat “King” Cole’s daughter. She was so angry that she scolded the manager of the club; however, 20 years later, Cole reached the pinnacle of her success by “teaming up” with her late father, via recording technology, on an album called Unforgettable With Love. The album earned seven Grammy Awards and stayed on the pop charts for several weeks. For Natalie, it was a special tribute to her legendary father who died of lung cancer when she was only 15.

Natalie Cole

Natalie was one of five children born to the famous singer Nat “King” Cole and his wife, Maria. Maria sang with Duke Ellington before marrying Nat. Natalie, their second child, was born on February 6, 1950. Her family lived in an affluent section of Los Angeles. Cole told Working Mother that her childhood was filled with music that her mom and dad liked to hear as well as the music her dad performed. She said, “He never directed me away from any type of music, but it was the kind of music Dad made that’s left a lasting impression on me.” It did not take long for her to follow in his footsteps. At age six she appeared on one of her dad’s albums. At eleven, she performed briefly in a nightclub act. However, Cole claimed that her father died never knowing that she wanted a career in singing, because she had told him she wanted to be a doctor. He never pushed her into singing, as he wanted her to choose her own career. While earning a degree in child psychology from the University of Massachusetts, she realized that she wanted to pursue a singing career.

Singer

Chad Buchanan/Getty Images

Initially, Cole was filled with insecurity when she performed, not knowing whether people responded just because she was the Nat “King” Cole’s daughter. This insecurity caused her to avoid performing the same type of music as had her famous father, who was a big band, jazzy singer and an accomplished pianist in the 1950s. She told Ebony, “I spent the first part of my career rebelling against [my father’s music]. Always in the back of my mind I was trying to stay as far away from that stigma as I possibly could.” After earning her degree, Cole toured local clubs with a band called Black Magic.


In 1974 she met two producers in Chicago, Chuck Jackson and Marvin Yancy, who wanted to write and produce an album with her. In 1975 Capitol Records released Inseparable, launching Cole’s solo career. Lauded by critics, the album contained two singles, “This Will Be” and “Inseparable,” which quickly climbed the pop and R&B charts. For the effort, Cole won a Grammy Award for Best New Artist. While producing the album, Cole and Yancy formed a relationship that led to marriage in 1976. That same year she released Natalie, and its single “Sophisticated Lady” reached number one on the R&B charts and number 25 on the pop charts. Thankful (1977) included the successful


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orn Natalie Maria Cole on February 6, 1950; daughter of Nathaniel Adam (singer) and Maria

(singer, homemaker; maiden name, Hawkins); married Marvin J. Yancy, 1976 (divorced 1979); married Andre Fischer (a music producer), 1989 (divorced 1996); married Kenneth Dupree, 2001 (divorced 2004); children: Robert. Education: University of Massachusetts at Amherst, B.A. in psychology. Started singing with her father, performer Nat “King” Cole, at age six; performed with group called Black Magic, early 1970s; discovered by music producers including Marvin Yancy, 1974; released first album, Inseparable, 1975; recorded four more successful albums

drugs, acid, and alcohol, and admitted to working only with people who were willing to join her in the habit. Her marriage ended in 1979. In 1983 she finally entered the Hazelden Foundation in Minnesota for drug rehabilitation, after a near-fatal car accident. She walked away from the crash physically unharmed but mentally shaken. She stayed at Hazelden for six months before emerging ready to live drug-free. She released an album every year from 1980 till 1985, but did not reach the pop charts again until 1987, when she released Everlasting. This album included three singles that reached the Top 20 on the pop charts. She also scored two hit duets with Ray Parker Jr. the same year. In 1989 she released Good to Be Back, which included the Top 10 hit “Miss You Like Crazy.” That same year Cole met music producer Andre Fischer, who was a drummer for the band Rufus and for Chaka Khan. The two married and then began work on an album that became unforgettable.

in 1970s, including one with Peabo Bryson; drug problem stalled career, 1980; entered drug rehab for six months, 1983; back on the charts with album Everlasting, 1987; released Good to Be Back, 1989; Andre Fischer produced next album, Unforgettable with Love, 1991; high-tech wizardry created “duet” with her late father for the single “Unforgettable”; appeared in television series I’ll Fly Away, 1993; released album Take A Look, 1993; released Christmas album Holly and Ivy, 1994; starred in USA Cable movie Lily in Winter, 1994; continued recording career, 1996–. Awards: Grammy Award for Best New Artist, 1976; seven Grammy Awards for Unforgettable with Love, including Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Album of the Year, 1992; Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal, 1994; NAACP, two Image Awards, 1976, 1977; American Music Award, 1978; Soul Train Award. Addresses: Office—c/o William Morris Agency, 151 S. East El Camino Dr., Beverly Hills, CA 90212-2704.

singles “I’ve Got Love on My Mind” and “Our Love.” In 1979 Cole teamed with Peabo Bryson and released We’re the Best of Friends, another successful album with two hit singles. Her albums sold very well in the 1970s, but her personal problems were escalating out of control and soon stalled her rise to stardom. In 1973 Canadian police arrested Cole for possession of heroin. Her problems with drugs did not end until ten years later. She also abused cocaine, prescription

Affinity to Father Unforgettable with Love was released in 1991 to critical acclaim. Not only did Cole admit to being Nat “King” Cole’s daughter on this album, she demonstrated her affinity for her father and his musical style. She even “felt” his presence while recording. Produced by Fischer, the album included 20 songs from her father’s repetoire performed by Natalie. Singles included “The Very Thought of You,” “Mona Lisa,” and “Route 66.” Her uncle, Ike Cole, appeared on “Route 66,” but the most fascinating effort was “Unforgettable.” With a little help from the masters of technology, Cole performed the song as a duet with her father, using her father’s original recording. The idea was unprecedented, and the result was overwhelming. The album sold over five million copies and earned seven Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year. “Unforgettable” won both Record of the Year and Song of the Year. Billboard called the album’s success “an almost complete anomaly in recent chart history—a massive hit album featuring music in a noncontemporary style.” People magazine gushed, “Like father, like daughter—when the subject is singing and the father was Nat ‘King’ Cole, the daughter is in for a big compliment.” Playboy commented, “Natalie has always been a versatile vocalist, so it’s no surprise that she possesses the intelligence and the chops to perform this material convincingly.” Elektra Records released Unforgettable with Love, but the album’s huge success also benefited Capitol Records, which owned the rights to Nat “King” Cole’s recordings. The late performer’s 20-song compilation re-entered the charts when his daughter’s album hit the top five. Wayne Watkins, a director of catalog development at Capitol, told Billboard, “Next to the Beatles, Nat ‘King’ Cole is the best-selling artist in our catalog. He’s even more popular than Sinatra for us.” Capitol has Cole • 41

since released a four-CD Nat “King” Cole boxed set. Warner Reprise Video released a Nat “King” Cole video compilation that included a young Natalie Cole in several clips. A book titled Unforgettable: The Life And Mystique of Nat “King” Cole, issued by St. Martin’s Press, was published just as Natalie Cole’s “Unforgettable” started making waves. Cole’s success in 1991 allowed her to branch into acting, although she did not find it easy. She told Jet, “Acting is a little more difficult than singing. The singing process is something that I’ve done all my life. When you are singing live, you have the audience there, you have all that inspiration going for you. But when you’re on the set, it’s just you, your co-stars, and the crew.” In 1993 she appeared in the television drama series I’ll Fly Away. She also starred in a USA Cable network production called Lily in Winter in 1994. Other guest appearances included the Touched By an Angel hit drama series on CBS in 1997. However, the majority of Cole’s time after “Unforgettable” was devoted to her recording work and touring. In 1993 Cole released Take A Look, an album of her performances of 1930s and 1940s popular music. Entertainment Weekly commented, “‘Unforgettable’ sounds almost tentative next to Natalie Cole’s latest, which—thanks to a canny selection of mostly unfamiliar old pop, jazz, and show tunes ѧ moves her definitively out of her father’s shadow.” Ron Givens of People wrote, “Cole carves her own identity while remaining true to her father.” The title song from that album, which was once sung by Aretha Franklin, earned Cole another Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Performance. Cole told Jet, “This album actually is the album that I’ve always wanted to do and that is an album of jazz standards with great stuff that my dad turned me on to when I was about ten or eleven years old.” Holly and Ivy, a Christmas album released in 1994, “is a non-traditional album,” she told Jet. “My approach was very 40ish, very Andrews Sisters, very fun and up.” The year 1996 saw the release of Stardust, which included “When I Fall in Love,” another “duet” with her late father. Stardust contained 19 Cole performances of songs from the 1920s through the 1950s. Cole told Billboard, “I’m a little nervous with this album, because it’s the first time that I was really involved with every aspect of a project from start to finish.” Stereo Review commented, “Only a versatile singer could handle this rich a mix, and Cole proves she’s fully up to the challenge.” Cole’s marriage to Andre Fischer ended in 1995 when she not only filed for divorce, but requested a restraining order against him. She also began work on an autobiography titled Angel on My Shoulder. The book was published in 2000.


Cole married Kenneth Dupree in 2001, her third marriage, but divorced him in 2004, citing irreconcilable differences. In 2002 she released Ask a Woman Who Knows. The album, released on the Verve label, included a bland of jazz and pop. The songs were a blend of both genres, and besides the title cut included numbers such as “Calling You,” “It’s Crazy,” “Soon,” “Better Than Anything,” and other standards. In September of 2006 Cole released Leavin’. In the same year, she made a guest appearance on the show Grey’s Anatomy. Cole told Tamara Conniff in Billboard, “Every now and then someone comes up who has his or her own style and is fearless. Right now you have to be fearless and hope somebody gets you. For the most part that’s what my career has been. I’ve chosen to go down roads that no one would even think of.”

Selected discography Inseparable, Capitol, 1975. Natalie, Capitol, 1976. Thankful, Capitol, 1977. NatalieѧLive!, Capitol, 1978. (With Peabo Bryson) We’re the Best of Friends, Capitol, 1979. Don’t Look Back, Capitol, 1980. Happy Love, Capitol, 1981. I’m Ready, Epic, 1983. The Natalie Cole Collection, Capitol, 1984. Dangerous, Modern, 1985. Everlasting, Manhattan, 1987. Good to Be Back, EMI, 1989. Unforgettable with Love, Elektra, 1991. Take a Look, Elektra, 1993. Holly and Ivy, Elektra, 1994. Stardust, Elektra, 1996. Christmas With You, Elektra, 1998. Snowfall on the Sahara, Elektra, 1999. The Magic of Christmas, Elektra, 1999. Greatest Hits: Vol. 1, Elektra, 2000. Ask a Woman Who Knows, Verve, 2002. Leavin’, Verve, 2006.

Sources Books Cole, Natalie, with Digby Diehl, Angel on My Shoulder, Warner Books, 2000. The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll, edited by Patricia Romanowski, Fireside, 1995.

Periodicals Billboard, August 3, 1991; March 7, 1992; August 31, 1996; September 30, 2006, p. 47; October 7, 2006.

Ebony, October 1991. Entertainment Weekly, June 25, 1993. Essence, May 2003, p. 180. Jet, July 5, 1993; December 19, 1994; February 23, 2004, p. 18; December 20, 2004, p. 10. O, June 2003, p. 72. People, July 22, 1991; June 21, 1993. Playboy, September 1991. Stereo Review, March 1997. Working Mother, September 1996.

Online “Cole Power: Natalie Cole Returns With Ask a Woman Who Knows,” Barnes and Noble.com, http://www.barnesandnoble.com/features/interview.asp?z=y&NID=582452 (February 21, 2007). Natalie Cole Official Website, http://www.nataliecole.com/ (February 9, 2007). —Christine Morrison and Kelly Winters

Cole • 43

“The Who is the band that refused to die before it got old,” stated Dave Marsh in The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock and Roll. From their formation in the mid-1960s to through several reunion tours, the Who embodied some of the most basic elements of rock and roll—chaotic performances, destructive onstage behavior, and record-breaking noise levels—and the group took music in new directions with trend-setting concept albums and rock operas. In a business where bands typically go through many personnel changes and rarely last for more than a few years, the Who were also remarkable for their stability and longevity. For more than 20 years the group’s lyrics have been effectively shouted out by vocalist Roger Daltrey.

Roger Daltrey

Daltrey, bassist John Entwistle, and guitarist Pete Townshend all grew up in the same neighborhood, a working-class section of London known as Shepherd’s Bush. By the early 1960s the three were playing together in a band called the Detours, which performed rhythm and blues and covers of early Beatles songs in local dance clubs. Late in 1963 the Detours hooked up with managers Pete Meaden and Helmut Gordon, who encouraged the band to cater to the British “mods”— young people dedicated to amphetamines, Vespa scooters, American rhythm and blues, and stylish clothing. Drummer Keith Moon joined the group, which had been renamed the High Numbers, and punched up their sound with his manic playing. They built up a following in the mods’ favorite clubs, but their only recording, “I’m the Face,” failed to sell.

Singer

Jo Hale/Getty Images

Meaden and Gordon were soon replaced by Kit Lambert and Chris Stamp, two young filmmakers who discovered the band while looking for a movie subject. They were as much intrigued by the frantic crowds that came to hear the High Numbers as they were by the group’s music. They carefully calculated ways in which the band could heighten its appeal, suggesting that they revert to a gimmicky name they had used in the past—the Who—and prodding them to make destruction a part of their act. Under their tutelage the Who began putting out “soul music pilled-up and riotous, played with none of the elegant perfection of the Rolling Stones, but with all the zealotry of garage-band amateurs,” wrote Marsh. When Townshend began smashing his guitars onstage and Moon kicked over his drum set, the mods loved it, and according to Marsh, this type of flamboyance “saved the Who, who would never have gotten far trying to play R & B with the propriety of the Bluesbreakers or the Stones.” They took volume to new levels, eventually being listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the world’s loudest band.


The Who released their first single, “I Can’t Explain,” in 1965, but it didn’t take off until they appeared on the British music show “Ready Steady Go!” with their screaming mob of fans from the London clubs. From then on, success was theirs. From the very first, the Who mocked their own popularity, with album titles


B

orn Roger Harry Daltrey on March 1, 1944, in London, England.

Founding member, with John Entwistle, of rhythm and blues/dance band the Detours, early 1960s; founding member of the Who (originally called the High Numbers) with Entwistle, Keith Moon, and Pete Townshend, 1965; solo artist, 1973–; appeared in films including Tommy, McVicar, Lisztomania, Sextet, and The Legacy; hosted History Channel television series Extreme History, 2003. Awards: named Commander of the Order of the British Empire, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Atlantic Records, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019.

such as The Who Sell Out. Despite their tongue-incheek attitude, however, they were real innovators. Their second album included a ten-minute mini-opera that eventually led to the first full-scale rock opera, 1969’s Tommy. This story of a deaf, dumb, and blind pinball champion was considered pretentious by some, but was hailed as a masterpiece by many others, and it brought wealth, artistic respectability, and international fame to the Who. A second rock opera, Quadrophenia, explored the tortured inner lives of the mods, once exploited by the group to build their fame. When The Who by Numbers was released in 1975, the group was as popular as ever, but its members, particularly Townshend, seemed to be undergoing an identity crisis. The most famous line from their first album had been “Hope I die before I get old,” but they hadn’t died and they were uncertain about what to do next. The group didn’t record for three years while its members worked on individual projects. Daltrey had already released a solo album and appeared in the title role of the film version of Tommy. In 1975 he portrayed classical composer Franz Liszt in Ken Russell’s Lisztomania. He later acted in Sextet, The Legacy, and McVicar, a film biography of train robber John McVicar. He also developed the script for McVicar from the robber’s autobiography. The Who returned as a unit in 1978 with Who Are You?, but only a month after the long-awaited album was released drummer Keith Moon was found dead in his apartment, overdosed on a drug which, ironically, had been prescribed to curb his alcoholism. The Who’s

future was thrown into doubt; but after much deliberation Daltrey, Entwistle, and Townshend decided to try to replace Moon and carry on. Kenny Jones of Small Faces was recruited, noted session man John “Rabbit” Bundrick joined the group on keyboards, and “finally, the Who came back onstage, with live shows that were more formal and less spontaneous but retained all of the old power and more of the enthusiasm than anyone had a right to expect,” wrote Marsh. Unfortunately, the return of the Who was overshadowed by a tragedy that occurred when they played Cincinnati’s Riverfront Coliseum: eleven concertgoers were crushed to death in a rush for seats. The group put out two more studio albums of new material, but announced their official breakup in 1983 after the release of It’s Hard. Although Who fans had hopes of a reunion tour in 1985 when the group agreed to perform at the Live-Aid benefit concert, it wasn’t until 1989 that all the members agreed to participate in a tour. Daltrey, Townshend, and Entwistle hit the road with 15 musicians to back them up on “The Kids Are Alright 1989 Tour.” “Extraordinary is the only word that comes to mind,” Boston Globe reviewer Steve Morse wrote of the much-anticipated show. “The Who thoroughly aced their exam. ѧ scoring in the upper 99th percentile on song selection, visuals, sound mix, performance, crowd rapport, and just about anything else you might want to judge a show by. ѧ It was the best stadium show this writer has ever seen.” The tour featured the band, this time with noted jazz and rock drummer Simon Phillips, performing Tommy in its entirety. In 1996 the group would re-form with drummer Zak Starkey on a live tour featuring complete performances of Quadrophenia. The group also gave an invigorated performance at the Concert for New York City benefit for the families of New York City Police and Fire Department members who died in the terrorist attacks on Sept. 11, 2001. Another reunion tour in 2002 was nearly grounded when the band’s erstwhile bassist, John Entwhistle, died on the eve of the tour’s first show. Rather than pack it in, Daltrey and Townshend enlisted Pino Palladino and soldiered on. Townshend’s arrest and subsequent dismissal on child pornography charges (he claimed he was conducting research for a book on his own experiences as a child sexual abuse victim) brought Daltrey and Townshend closer together. The duo wrote and recorded the understated and underappreciated first Who album in nearly 25 years, Endless Wire, released in 2006. Flying Solo The volatile relationships within the Who prompted the members to go their separate ways for extended periods between erratic recording and touring schedules. During these periods the members worked on solo projects. Daltrey’s self-named debut solo effort, for example, was a highlight of album-oriented rock radio upon its release in 1973. The album featured eight Daltrey • 45

songs written by the then-unknown songwriting team of Leo Sayer and David Courtney, including “One of the Boys,” “Giving It All Away,” and “The Show Must Go On.” While generally considered to be a less successful effort, Daltrey’s 1975 follow-up, Ride a Rock Horse, had many fine moments but failed to yield hit singles. If Ride a Rock Horse underwhelmed audiences, 1977’s One of the Boys inexplicably yielded slight notice, this time because performers such as Daltrey were considered “dinosaurs” by punk musicians and critics. The album featured tasteful performances by such guest instrumentalists as Eric Clapton, Mick Ronson, Rod Argent, and John Entwhistle and songs written by Paul McCartney, Murray Head, and Andy Pratt. After the recording of the Who’s Who Are You, the death of Keith Moon, a subsequent tour and flurry of film projects, including the Who documentary The Kids Are Alright, and a cinematic version of Quadrophenia, Daltrey dedicated his newfound financial resources to the film and soundtrack of McVicar, a biography of a notorious bank robber. On the strength of the single “Free Me,” the album became the highest selling release in Daltrey’s solo catalog. The album also featured a blistering opening cut, “Bitter and Twisted,” proving that the “dinosaur” could out-rock punk’s snottiest contenders. A dearth of interesting material plagued Parting Should Be Painless, Daltrey’s first album after the Who officially hung up their spurs in 1984. He rebounded a year later, however, on an album conceived both as a tribute to Keith Moon and a meditation on the ravages of age, Under a Raging Moon. Townshend contributed a fine composition brilliantly sung by Daltrey, “After the Fire,” and Bryan Adams contributed “Let Me Down Easy.” The 1987 release, Can’t Wait to See the Movie, was a disappointing follow-up as Daltrey offered mostly indistinguishable ballads and held back on the throttle of his typically muscular vocals. Rocks in the Head, released in 1992, found Daltrey once again in fine command of his voice and song selection. Many of the songs were co-written by Daltrey with guitarist Gerard McMahon. In 2005 Daltrey was named Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the Queen’s New Year Honours List for his charity work, including the Teenage Cancer Trust. Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Who in 1990, Daltrey’s inimitable vocal style has proven him possibly the best interpreter of Pete Townshend’s lyrical forays into adolescent and middle-aged isolation, if not one of the best vocalists in all of rock music.

The Who Sell Out, Decca, 1968 (released in England as A Quick One). Magic Bus–The Who on Tour, Decca, 1968. Tommy, Decca, 1969. Direct Hits, Track, 1969. Live at Leeds, Decca, 1970. Who’s Next, Decca, 1971. Meaty Beaty Big and Bouncy, Decca, 1971. Quadrophenia, MCA, 1973. Odds and Sods, MCA, 1974. Portrait, Polydor, 1975. The Who by Numbers, MCA, 1975. Who Are You?, MCA, 1978. The Kids Are Alright, MCA, 1979. Quadrophenia (soundtrack), Polydor, 1979. Face Dances, Polydor, 1981. Hooligans, MCA, 1981. Phases, Polydor, 1982. It’s Hard, Polydor, 1982. Who’s Last, Polydor, 1985. Two’s Missing, Polydor, 1987. Endless Wire, Universal/Republic, 2006.

Solo albums Daltrey, MCA, 1973. Ride a Rock Horse, MCA, 1975. One of the Boys, MCA, 1977. McVicar (soundtrack), Polydor, 1980. Best of Roger Daltrey, Polydor, 1981. Best Bits, MCA, 1982. Parting Should Be Painless, WEA, 1984. Under a Raging Moon, Atlantic, 1985. Can’t Wait to See the Movie, Atlantic, 1987. Rocks in the Head, Atlantic, 1992.

Sources Books Hardy, Phil, and Dave Laing, Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, McDonald, 1987. Jahn, Mike, Rock: From Elvis Presley to Rock and Roll, Rolling Stone Press, 1976. Miller, Jim, editor, Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock and Roll, Rolling Stone Press, 1983.

Periodicals Audio, February, 1986. Boston Globe, July 13, 1989; July 15, 1989. Boston Phoenix, July 21, 1989. People, August 3, 1987. Rolling Stone, February 28, 1985; August 27, 1987.


Online

Albums with the Who

All Music Guide, http://www.allmusicguide.com (Feb. 22, 2007).

My Generation, Decca, 1966. Happy Jack, Decca, 1967.


—Joan Goldsworthy and Bruce Walker

financial aspect. After fans clamored to take home anything recorded by Danko Jones, in 1998 the group rewarded their listeners with a small limited edition pressing of a self-titled EP for Ontario label Sonic Unyon.

Danko Jones Rock group

T

oronto’s Danko Jones has built a solid reputation as one of the hardest working Canadian rock bands. The power trio played shows and toured incessantly for almost six years before recording a full-length album. The band’s visceral live shows, headed by the sexually charged Danko Jones, earned the group a dedicated fan base in Canada and an even bigger following in Europe. “Danko Jones have made their way on wordof-mouth, based on the quality of their music and their ability to present it in an exciting way night after night,” wrote Tim Perlich of Toronto’s Now. From an early mix of garage and punk rock, to metallic AC/DC hard rock and soul-infused cock rock, Danko Jones have consider themselves a live band that aims to please. Singer guitarist Danko Jones and bassist John “JC” Calabrese started a band around 1996 with the intention of building a fan base and evolving as a live band before recording anything. Jones had an exciting stage presence that drew an audience, often referring to himself as the Mango Kid. Calabrese and Jones began gigging around Toronto with a few different drummers, before Damon Richardson (formerly of Canadian indierock band Change of Heart) got hooked to the permanent gig. The trio drew from the raw and carnal punk and garage-rock styles of underground bands like the Gories and Pussy Galore. “The real key to Danko Jones’s success is the confrontational charisma of the group’s namesake frontman,” wrote Perlich. “He lurches into each song with wild-eyed, vein-popping rage, like he may spontaneously combust any second.” Danko Jones is intent on running the band’s business affairs themselves and have been involved in every

With very little money in their pockets, Danko Jones began work on a new six-song EP that they full funded themselves. Though Jones is a dynamic front man for the band that bears his name, writing the songs for Danko Jones is a full band affair. “We all get together in a room and jam it out. We’re bass heavy, and a lot of rock bands forget about that,” Jones told Canadian Musician’s Rod Christie. “But with us, we know the focus is on rhythm, and bass and drums, so it’s got to be a group effort. The ѧ lyrics come after.” In 1999 they self-released the EP My Love is Bold on Danko Jones Records/Sound King. The catchy song “Bounce” found its way onto Canadian radio and helped push the EP’s sales up to 12,000 copies. The band found itself playing cross-Canada shows with Tricky Woo and Sloan before being nominated for a Juno Award for Best Alternative Album. After the Swedish record label Bad Taste Records heard Danko Jones’s music, they quickly signed the band on. The punk-rock label wanted new songs from the ever-touring band, but had to settle for a compilation of the band’s previously recorded songs. In 2001 Bad Taste released I’m Alive and On Fire (A Collection of Songs: 1996-1999). The record, which contained songs from their first two EPs as well as some unreleased material, sold over 20,000 copies in Europe. The band spent almost the entire next year touring across Europe. “When our first European tour was booked, I was prepared for the worst,” Jones confessed to Larry LeBlanc of Billboard. “Who the hell knew who we were? We were a small band on a small label.” The trio made more than enough fans, and were asked to play at some of the largest and most impressive music festivals worldwide. When the band returned to Canada, it was high time to record a proper full-length album of new material. Danko Jones once again self-financed the recording, and planned to release it on their own label. The new songs leaned more on groove-heavy soul rock than had the early punk snarls. The band’s legendary performances were noticed by Universal Music Canada, and the label picked up Born a Lion for distribution. In 2002 Danko Jones Records and Universal Canada released Danko Jones’s full-length debut, Born a Lion. The record was licensed to Universal but the band kept their masters and publishing rights. Born a Lion wrote Eye Weekly’s Chris Rolfe, is “an explosive disc filled with bluesy, wart-covered rock.” The record was nominated for a Juno Award for Rock Album of the Year. After a Canadian tour behind Born a Lion, the group returned to Europe for a touring schedule. A star in

Danko Jones • 47


M

embers include John Calabrese, bass; Dan Cornelius (left group, 2006), drums; Danko

Jones, vocals, guitar. Group formed in Toronto, Canada, c. 1996; released EP Danko Jones, Sonic Unyon, 1998; released EP My Love is Bold, Danko Jones Records/Sound King, 1999; signed to Sweden’s Bad Taste Records, 2001; released I’m Alive and On Fire (A Collection of Songs: 1996-

had been nearly three years since the band did a proper tour of Canada. In the spring Danko Jones made the unlikely pairing with North American mega rock stars Nickelback for a cross-Canada tour. After longtime drummer Richardson quit, they took a temporary replacement on the road. The two bands (one a huge major label and the other fiercely independent) made an odd pairing, but for Danko Jones it was a chance to win over thousands of potential new fans every night. “We really love to play live,” Calabrese said to Christie. “And that has been what has inspired us to keep on. We know that if we keep on playing we can go places and meet people and that for me is the driving force.”

1999), 2001; released debut full-length album Born A Lion, 2002; released We Sweat Blood, 2003; released Sleep is the Enemy, Razor & Tie, 2006.


Addresses: Record company—Razor & Tie, 214 Sulli-

Danko Jones, Sonic Unyon, 1998. My Love is Bold, Danko Jones Records/Sound King, 1999. I’m Alive and On Fire (A Collection of Songs: 1996-1999), Bad Taste Records, 2001. Born A Lion, Bad Taste/Danko Jones Records/Universal, 2002. We Sweat Blood, Bad Taste/Universal, 2003; reissued, Razor & Tie, 2005. Sleep is the Enemy, Razor & Tie, 2006.

van St., New York, NY 10012. Website—Danko Jones Official Website: http://www.dankojones.com; Razor & Tie’s Danko Jones Official Website: http://www. razorandtiemedia.com/artistpage.php?artist=139.

Sweden, Jones began a weekly radio show for Stockholm’s Rocket 93.5 FM. The entire band set up shop in Stockholm to record their sophomore album at Polar Studios. The aptly titled We Sweat Blood was released in Europe and Canada in 2003. “The hardslamming We Sweat Blood finds the Jones boys ascending to AC/DC levels of pounding economy, bashing away with machine-like precision, walloping power and requisite tongue-thrusting swagger,” wrote Perlich. The following year, riding on his popularity from the Stockholm radio show, Jones issued the solo spoken word album The Magical World of Rock. Danko Jones did a number of successful tours with popular Swedish bands the Hives, the (International) Noise Conspiracy, and Sahara Hotnights before American label Razor & Tie reissued We Sweat Blood in 2005. In 2006, almost a decade after forming the band, the band parted with Universal, and Razor & Tie presented Danko Jones’s third album, Sleep Is the Enemy, which contained less punk-metal and more melodic, arenarock style songs. Spin called the record “riotous rock ’n’ roll that cultivates irresistible urges to run around and break stuff.” Upon the release of Sleep is the Enemy, it


Sources Periodicals Billboard, August 17, 2002, p.46. Canadian Musician, July-August, 2000, p.38-41. Eye Weekly (Toronto, Canada), July 18, 2002. Now (Toronto, Canada), September 12, 2002; October 2, 2003.

Online “Artist of the Day: Danko Jones,” Spin.com, http://www.spin. com/features/band_of_the_day/2006/07/060705_ dankojones/ (February 16, 2007). “Danko Jones,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 16, 2007).

Other Additional publicity materials were provided by Bad Taste Records, Razor & Tie, 2006. —Shannon McCarthy

P

roducer, songwriter, singer, and entrepreneur Puff Daddy, or Sean “Puffy” Combs, founded Bad Boy Records in 1991, and sold more than 12 million albums in three years, including five platinum and ten gold albums. His hit single “No Way Out” rose to number one on six Billboard charts for 12 weeks; the multiplatinum single was the best-selling single of the year and captured audiences in Europe as well. As founder of Bad Boy Records, he contributed to or oversaw the music and careers of Notorious B.I.G., Mase, Ginuwine, The Lox, Foxy Brown, Black Rob, Lil’ Kim, Twista, Busta Rhymes, Carl Thomas, Faith Evans, 112, Jay-Z, Shyne, Fuzzbubble, Tanya Blount, Total, Q-Tip, Mariah Carey, and numerous other hip-hop and rap artists. In 1999 he started a clothing line called Sean John, and founded Bad Boy Films production company, which released the film No Way Out. The film starred Combs and was produced and directed by him as well. The sometimes controversial Puff Daddy has sold a lifestyle rather than a record label and, like the Motown and Def Jam founders before him, managed to capture the spirit of his time in music and marketing.

Diddy

Sean Combs was born on November 4, 1970, in the Harlem section of New York City as the first of two children born to Melvin and Janice Combs. His mother, an aspiring model, raised the two children. His father was a street hustler who was fatally shot in Central Park when Combs was three years old. Combs discovered this at the age of 13, while when perusing old newspaper clippings in the library. He lived in Harlem until the age of 12, where he enjoyed block parties that featured hip-hop and rap music and attended musical rhyming contests in Central Park. His family moved to Mount Vernon, New York, when he was 12 and he attended the all-male private school Mount St. Michael’s Academy. Small in stature, he earned the nickname “Puffy” while playing football for the school, because he would puff out his chest in an attempt to look bigger. In 1988 he attended Howard University and stayed for a year and a half. While at Howard, he demonstrated his knack for entrepreneurial enterprise by selling term papers and old exams, and by promoting house parties and campus concerts. But he felt unsettled and left Howard, eager to enter the work force and make his fortune. Later, after he had amassed considerable wealth in his assorted business enterprises, Combs would endow half a million dollars to his alma mater for a scholarship fund.

Producer, record company executive, singer, songwriter

AP Images

Seeking His Fortune Combs contacted Andre Harrell, then president of Uptown records in New York City, and asked to work as an intern for the label. Harrell was so fond of Combs that he gave him room and board and a small salary in return for his promotional skills. Combs’s efforts soon eclipsed those of entire departments at Uptown, and his contributions to hit singles by artists such as Jodeci, Mary J. Blige, and others rendered him invaluable to Diddy • 49


B

orn Sean Combs on November 4, 1970, in Harlem, NY; son of Melvin and Janice Combs; two

sons: Justin and Christian Casey; two daughters, D’Lila Star and Jessie James. Education: Attended Howard University.

the label. Within a year he was promoted to vicepresident of the promotion department. At the close of 1991 Combs organized a celebrity charity event at New York’s City College basketball auditorium. The event was so popular that it became overcrowded and eventually violent. The audience, impatient to leave, broke into a stampede and nine people were killed as a result. The event’s poor organization and lack of security were attributed to Combs, but this early experience tested his resiliency and resolve, and he emerged optimistic about his future.

Started as intern at Uptown records in New York City; promoted to vice-president of the promotion department; founded Bad Boy Records, 1991; contributed to releases and oversaw music and careers of numerous well-known hip-hop and rap artists; produced, directed, and was featured in film No Way Out, released “Can’t Nobody Hold Me Down,” 1996, with rapper Mase; released “I’ll Be Missing You,” 1997; performed on No Way Out Tour, 1998; opened soul food restaurant in Manhattan, mid-1990s; founded Daddy’s House Social Programs for local underprivileged children; created Sean John clothing line and Bad Boy Films production company, 1999; released Forever, 1999; The Saga Continues, 2001; Broadway debut in Raisin in the Sun, 2004; sold Bad Boy Records to Warner Music Group, 2005; released Press Play, 2006. Awards: ASCAP, Rhythm & Soul Award for “Juicy,” 1995; Gavin, Rap Indie of the Year, 1995; 3M, Visionary Award for Producing, 1994; Impace, Award of Merit for Creative Excellence, 1994; ASCAP, Songwriter of the Year, 1997; National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (Grammy) Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group (with Faith Evans and 112), Best Rap Album, 1998; World Music Awards for Bestselling Rap Artist and Best-selling New Artist, 1998; Howard University Alumni Award, 1999; ASCAP Songwriter of the Year, 2000; Grammy Award, Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group (with Nelly and Murphy Lee), 2003; Menswear Designer of the Year, Council of Fashion Designers, 2004; Patrick Lippert Award, 2004; Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group, 2004; NAACP National Equal Justice Award, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Bad Boy Records/Arista, 6 West 57th St., New York, NY 10019, phone: (212) 489-7400.


While at Uptown Records, Combs produced multiplatinum releases for Jodeci and Mary J. Blige. Blige’s debut CD, What’s the 411?, proved to be a seminal example of hip-hop and R&B fusion. His success prompted Combs to consider founding his own label, Bad Boy Records, within Uptown. The first artist he wanted to sign was a Brooklyn-based rapper named Biggie Smalls (born Christopher Wallace) who performed under the name Notorious B.I.G. In order to lure Notorious B.I.G. away from his already lucrative streethustling lifestyle, Combs offered him a hefty advance and instant recognition on the soundtrack for the film Who’s The Man, as well as an offer to collaborate on a song with Mary J. Blige. The offer worked, and Notorious B.I.G.’s career skyrocketed. In 1993 Combs was fired from Uptown Records, reportedly because he was overconfident in the eyes of his co-workers. Combs then negotiated a $15 million deal to relocate Bad Boy Records to Arista Records, retaining complete creative control with full support from Arista. He produced several number one hits with Craig Mack and Notorious B.I.G., and his involvement in the artists’ videos and on their songs and remixes heightened his own profile. While Combs and Notorious B.I.G. were meeting with success on the East Coast, Suge Knight and his Death Row Records artists—Tupac Shakur, Dr. Dre, and Snoop Doggy Dogg—were flourishing on the West Coast. Combs and Knight remained friends until Shakur was wounded in November of 1994 by a gunshot in the lobby of a Times Square recording studio. Shakur blamed the assault on Combs and B.I.G., both of whom were, coincidentally, in the building at the time. The feud between Knight and Combs escalated; a friend of Knight’s was shot, and Knight blamed the shooting on a member of Combs’s entourage. In March of 1996 there was a standoff in the parking lot of the Soul Train Awards between the Combs faction and the Knight faction; guns were drawn, but no one was shot. In September of that year, however, Shakur was gunned down in Las Vegas. Shortly thereafter, Combs, then a nascent vocalist, released the single “Can’t Nobody Hold Me Down” with newfound rapper Mase. Notorious B.I.G. released Life After Death the same year, and the title single reached number one on the charts. Then, in March of 1997, Notorious B.I.G. was fatally shot after a Soul Train Awards party. In the

aftermath of the tragedy Combs released a tribute to B.I.G., called “I’ll Be Missing You,” which featured the melody and hook from the Police hit of 1983, “Every Breath You Take.” The single immediately reached number one on the charts, as did Notorious B.I.G.’s single “Mo’ Money, Mo’ Problems” from the posthumously-released CD No Way Out, featuring Combs and Mase. The release sold more than four million copies. Combs and the rest of the Bad Boy Records family took center stage on the first No Way Out Tour, bringing together a diverse audience. It was the second biggest concert of the year after the Rolling Stones’ Tour. Selling a Lifestyle After the birth of Combs’s first son, Justin, in the mid1990s, the rapper felt a deeper sense of permanency and responsibility in his life. He opened a soul food restaurant in Manhattan and named it after Justin. His second son, Christian Casey, was born in 1999. Yet on December 27 of that year, Combs became involved in an altercation outside of a nightclub, which rapidly escalated into a shooting. Combs was arraigned on a stolen weapons charge that included charges of bribery and kept Combs in the scandal spotlight for much of 2000. A high profile trial ensued early in 2001, although the incident proved to be a relatively minor setback for the streetwise impresario; he was acquitted of all charges in mid-March. Combs is noted for working as many as 20 hours in a day and for partying just as hard. He founded a charity called Daddy’s House Social Programs, a nonprofit organization for underprivileged children that provided access to computer camps, social clubs, and other beneficial outlets. He raised $2 million for children’s charities by completing the New York Marathon in 2003, and in 2004 he unveiled plans for Citizen Change, a nonpartisan campaign to mobilize youth and minority voters to participate in the presidential election that year. In addition to such charitable pursuits, Combs established the Sean John clothing line in 1999 and expanded Bad Boy productions into the filmmaking arena. He did not abandon his music enterprise in deference to other interests, however. He released the album Forever in 1999, and by 2001 was under production with his first gospel album, beginning with the release of the single “You,” featuring Faith Evans, Carl Thomas, and others, including Bad Boy newcomers Asia & Ashley. Also that year he issued a debut album for a new quartet called Dream, and announced a change of his of stage name from Puff Daddy to P. Diddy. On April 26, 2004, Combs made his Broadway debut, opening in a revival of Lorraine Hansberry’s Raisin in the Sun to positive critical reviews. Later that spring he carried the Olympic torch for one lap through the streets of New York City. In 2005 Combs announced that he was dropping the “P” in “P. Diddy” and that henceforth he wanted to be

known as “Diddy.” This caused some problems in the United Kingdom, where music producer Richard “Diddy” Dearlove had been using the name Diddy for over a decade; a British court ruled that Dearlove’s claim took precedence, so in the UK and Europe Combs is still known as “P. Diddy.” In 2006 Combs released Press Play, which featured guest performances by Christina Aguilera, Nas, Big Boi, Twista, Just Blaze, Pharrell, Brandy, and Mary J. Blige. The album reached the number one spot on the charts during its first week. In December of that year his girlfriend, Kim Porter, gave birth to twin girls, D’Lila Star and Jessie James Combs. Also in 2006, Combs began working on a television adaptation of A Raisin in the Sun, in which he would recreate his former role on Broadway. Combs has produced music for KRS-One, Mariah Carey, LL Cool J, Busta Rhymes, Brian McKnight, SWV, Boyz 11 Men, Q-Tip, Beck, Whitney Houston, and all of the artists at Bad Boy Records. He has transcended the role of label CEO, producer, and recording artist, taking on what many consider to be the role of generational lifestyle leader. In Essence, Jeannine Amber summed up Combs’s constant, restless energy and his drive to do new and bigger things: “Combs is caught in a perpetual quest for the next big thing, the next challenge, the next spectacle of which he is the shining star.” This is little doubt that he will find many more challenges.

Selected discography Albums No Way Out, Bad Boy, 1997. Forever, Bad Boy Records, 1999. The Saga Continues, Bad Boy, 2001. Press Play, Bad Boy, 2006.

Compilations/Soundtracks Diana, Princess of Wales: A Tribute, Columbia, 1997. Funkmaster Flex Presents The Mix Tape, Volume 2, RCA, 1997. In Tha Beginning ѧ There Was Rap, Priority, 1997. Chef Aid: The South Park Album, American, 1998.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, February 10, 2000. Entertainment Weekly, March 10, 2000; May 4, 2001. Essence, December 2004, p. 174. Interview, April 2001. Jet, December 5, 2005, p. 8; October 2, 2006, p. 31; January 8, 2007, p. 14. Maclean’s, January 10, 2000; March 26, 2001.

Diddy • 51

People, April 2, 2001. Remix, December 28, 2006. Source, September, 1998. Time, April 9, 2001; December 20, 2004, p. 135. U.S. News & World Report, March 26, 2001.

Online ABCNews.com, http://www.abcnews.go.com/wire/Entertainment/ap20031103_241.html?cmp=EM333 (November 3, 2003).


Diddy Official Website, http://www.diddy.com/ (January 30, 2007). E! Online, http://www.eonline.com (June 8, 2004). “46th Grammy Awards,” Grammys.com, http://www. grammys.com/awards/grammy/46winners.aspx (February 8, 2004). New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/18/ sports/basketball/18marbury.html (June 20, 2004). —B. Kimberly Taylor and Kelly Winters

Jeremy Enigk Singer, guitarist, songwriter

J

eremy Enigk is the former singer for the influential Seattle band Sunny Day Real Estate, with its blend of angst-ridden hardcore juxtaposed with passionate emotional lyrics. As their lead singer and spokesperson, Enigk was often admired as one of the godfathers of emo music and has become an underground, modern-day music hero. With impact of Sunny Day, the formation of spinoff group The Fire Theft, and two acclaimed solo albums, Enigk has released a steady stream of albums since 1994. The devout Christian, who admires bands like U2 as well as the punk greats, may have never made the kind of money his heroes have, but to the fans who look up to him, he has achieved greatness. Enigk grew up in Everett, Washington, and when he was 15 his family relocated to the Seattle suburb of Redmond. In 1992 singer Enigk, guitarist and singer Dan Hoerner, bassist Nate Mendel (who later joined the Foo Fighters) and drummer William Goldsmith formed the band Sunny Day Real Estate in Seattle. Enigk quit high school to devote himself to the band, and the groundbreaking group signed a deal with famed Seattle label Sub Pop, who had created a buzz with Nirvana and the grunge explosion of the 1990s. In 1992 Sunny Day introduced their first album, Diary, to critical acclaim. The quartet’s exciting new sound was often dubbed emo, and the band came to be considered one of the genre’s seminal groups. The new style of emo had it roots in hardcore punk, but in the midto-late 1990s musicians began to take the essence of punk and add more emotional lyrics/vocals, intricate guitar work and intense dynamic changes.

With their sizzling debut, Sunny Day were just beginning to ride a wave of popularity when they released LP2 (often referred to as “The Pink Album”) in 1995. Around the same time, Enigk sent an e-mail to his friends to announce his conversion to Christianity. And shortly after Enigk’s declaration, for unknown reasons, Sunny Day broke up. Enigk, however, quickly emerged the next year with Return of the Froq Queen, an elegant solo album. Pitchfork Media’s Ryan Schreiber described the recording as “a stunning solo record that stabs your Stratocaster in the heart and marks its territory with beautiful acoustic and strings harmonies. ѧ the wonderful sound of unforgettable Beatles-meetsBowie pop melodies.” Enigk told Noel Murray on the A.V.Club website,“My music is music that Christians and Catholics can listen to. Muslims. Buddhists. And non-religious people as well,” He added, “It’s just music. ѧ It’s music for everybody.” In a surprise move, Sunny Day Real Estate reunited in 1998 (without Mendel) for the release and tour for a newly recorded album, How it Feels to Be Something On. Two years later the group signed a deal with Time Bomb Recordings to release The Rising Tide. While Time Bomb was an independent label, it was distributed by Sony/BMG, and Sunny Day soon felt the strain of the major label machine, and by 2001 the group had again disbanded. “I felt that we started to go through the motions. Our hearts weren’t there,” Enigk confessed to Murray about the group’s second break up. “It became more about selling records than about writing and being passionate. That’s why I ultimately lost interest. I don’t want to speak for everybody, but I personally started to lose interest because we were doing it for the wrong reasons. It became monotony and it just wasn’t fun anymore.” Following a much needed two-year break, Enigk returned to his solo work and penned several songs for the score to the Don Cheadle and Kevin Spacey film The United States of Leland. While the guitarist attempted to focus strictly on his solo material, it seemed that not everything with Sunny Day had been laid to rest. In 2003 Enigk joined his former Sunny Day cohorts Goldsmith and Mendel and rechristened the trio as The Fire Theft. The group released their self-titled debut for Rykodisc. Entertainment Weekly wrote that the album “moves easily between delicate pop miniatures and grandiose rock epics, all played with more focus than Sunny Day’s oft-hazy efforts.” Enigk had thought about making another solo album; but it took time to develop. “I just had other priorities and obligations with the bands I’ve been a part of,” he explained to Murray. “The next thing I knew it’s 10 years later, and I still hadn’t made another solo record.” A decade after Return of the Frog Queen, at the age of 32, Enigk released his anticipated sophomore solo record, World Waits. Finished with bowing to record label heads, Enigk formed his own label, Hollow Records, to put out his album. Co-produced with Josh Enigk • 53


B

orn c. 1974.

Joined seminal rock outfit Sunny Day Real Estate, 1992;

how ѧ no one really comes together to change it, including myself. It breaks my heart that people are so blind.” As someone who went through the best and worst of times with his iconic band while staying completely faithful to his religion, Enigk succinctly described World Waits as a, “spiritual journey, trying to find hope in life and trying to keep your head above water. Growing and learning and changing.”

signed with Sub Pop, released Diary, 1994; group disbanded; released solo debut Return of the Frog Queen, Sub Pop, 1996; reunited with Sunny Day Real Estate, released How It Feels to Be Something, 1998; Live, 1999; The Rising Tide, 2000; group disbanded, 2001; formed The Fire Theft, 2003; released The Fire Theft, Rykodisc, 2003; released sophomore solo album World Waits, Lewis Hollow Recordings, 2006. Addresses: Website—Lewis Hollow Recordings Official Website: http://www.lewishollow.com; Website—Jeremy Enigk Official Website: http://www.myspace.com/

Selected discography (With Sunny Day Real Estate) Diary, Sub Pop, 1994. (With Sunny Day Real Estate) LP2, Sub Pop, 1995. Return of the Frog Queen, Sub Pop, 1996. (With Sunny Day Real Estate) How It Feels to Be Something On, Sub Pop, 1998. (With Sunny Day Real Estate) Live, Sub Pop, 1999. (With Sunny Day Real Estate) The Rising Tide, Time Bomb Recordings/BMG, 2000. (With The Fire Theft) The Fire Theft, Rykodisc, 2003. World Waits, Lewis Hollow Records/Reincarnate, 2006.

jeremyenigk.

Sources Periodicals Myers, Enigk enlisted musicians Nick Marci (bass), Greg Saran (guitar) and Kaanan Tupper (drums) to enrich the sound of World Waits. “A distant cousin to Frog Queen’s pocket chamber folk, the new album takes the prog leanings of later Sunny Day and Fire Theft and rolls them out with cinematic abandon,” wrote Illinois Entertainer’s Steve Forstneger. The album was a long time in the making; some songs dated back to his 1996 debut. Enigk, who descries himself as a perfectionist, took his time in the studio. “I want it to be absolutely right. I take my time in the studio to make sure,” he admitted to Forstneger. “If I don’t feel inspired at all, I won’t work that day. It’s really waiting for the music to speak.” In an interview with Arizona Daily Wildcat ’s Davida Larson, Enigk clarified that the title of the album came from a song on the record. “It’s about how there is so much negative energy in the world, and


Arizona Daily Wildcat, October 26, 2006. Entertainment Weekly, October 10, 2003.

Online Illinois Entertainer, http://illinoisentertainer.com/2006/11/30/ jeremy-enigk-interview/(February 5, 2007). “Jeremy Enigk,” A.V.Club, http://www.avclub.com/content/ node/56407/print/ (February 5, 2007). Jeremy Enigk Official Website, http://www.myspace.com/ jeremyenigk(February 5, 2007). “Return of the Frog Queen,” Pitchfork Media, http://www. pitchforkmedia.com (February 5, 2007). “Sunny Day Real Estate,” All Music Guide, http://www. allmusic.com (February 5, 2007). —Shannon McCarthy

S

inger Fantasia Barrino was catapulted to fame by the television vocal competition American Idol when she emerged the winner in 2004. A powerful singer whose voice had the church-rooted overtones of Aretha Franklin, Barrino’s life also echoed the classic American story of pulling oneself out of poverty. Barrino experienced some rough patches in her career after her American Idol win, but by 2007 she was on her way to making the transition from overnight sensation to recognized show business personality.

Fantasia Barrino

Named for a pattern in the Princess House crystal line, Fantasia Barrino was born in High Point, North Carolina, on June 30, 1984. Both her parents were involved with singing; her father, Joseph, was a truck driver who moonlighted singing in gospel quartets, and her mother, Diane, was co-pastor at High Point’s nondenominational and emotionally uninhibited Mercy Outreach Church of Deliverance. Joseph Barrino recruited Tasia, as she was known, along with several other family members to form the Barrino Family gospel group. Before losing their band of backing musicians, they had some success, touring as far as Alabama and Florida. As a result of her years of singing for audiences as a child, Barrino was rarely nervous while performing, even before a nationwide television audience.

Singer

AP Images

Barrino sang in the choir at High Point’s Welborn Middle School and made the all-county chorus, but as a high school student she began to show a rebellious streak. “I thought I was grown,” she told Kevin Chappell of Ebony. “I didn’t wait on anything. I tried to move too fast. I was going to clubs when I was 14. I hung out with older women.” She dropped out of Andrews High School as a ninth-grader. Soon she was pregnant with her daughter, Zion, and was living in an abusive relationship. Living in a rundown apartment, Barrino was caught in a downward spiral. While caring for her newborn daughter, she was frequently reduced to eating Oodles of Noodles or instant grits at mealtimes. “My family started giving up on me,” she told Chappell. “They began to think that I wasn’t going to do anything with my life. There was a point when I began to think that I wasn’t going to do anything.” One realization that helped turn Barrino’s life around was that she did not want Zion, who was born in 2001, to model herself after the relationship Barrino was in. “It made me realize I had to respect myself,” Barrino told Cruz. “If I let it go on, Zion would’ve grown up [letting herself be disrespected].” Barrino made ends meet by working in a daycare center run by a grandmother and by taking singing jobs at weddings or funerals. Her religious faith remained strong throughout this period. “Even when I was out on the street, I still gave God honor,” Barrino told Chappell. “I still thanked Him. There’s a saying that when praises go up, blessings come down.” Friends and family persuaded Barrino to try out for the popular American Idol program at one of its mass Barrino • 55


B

orn June 30, 1984, in High Point, NC; daughter of Joseph (a truck driver and gospel singer) and Diane

(a preacher) Barrino; children: one daughter, Zion. Education: Attended Andrews High School, High Point, NC; later studied for GED. Performed with family members in gospel group the Barrino Family ca. 1994; won American Idol television singing competition, 2004; signed to J Records label; released Free Yourself, 2004; published memoir Life Is Not a Fairy Tale (also adapted for television), 2005; released Fantasia, 2006. Awards: Winner, American Idol television competition, 2004; NAACP Image Awards, outstanding female artist, 2005. Addresses: Record company—J Records, LLC, 745 5th Ave., 6th Fl., New York, NY 10151. Website—Fantasia Barrino

Official

Website:

http://www.

fantasiabarrinoofficial.com.

For her first album under the recording contract guaranteed as a result of her American Idol win, Barrino came under the tutelage of veteran recording executive Clive Davis, and in late 2004 she released Free Yourself on Davis’s J Records label. The album was a mixed bag stylistically, combining urban ballad sounds contributed by hot producers Jermaine Dupri and Rodney “Darkchild” Jerkins with a new take on “Summertime” and “Baby Mama,” a song seemingly drawn from Barrino’s own life (the term means single mother in African-American, particularly Jamaican-American, slang). Nervous about the album’s prospects, Barrino, who continued to live in the Charlotte, North Carolina, area, went to local Target stores with a hat pulled down over her face to ask anonymously how it was selling. She need not have worried, for by most standards Free Yourself was a hit. It sold 1.7 million copies, garnered Barrino four Grammy Award nominations, and provided Barrino with her first number one single in “I Believe,” the album’s leadoff release. But she experienced problems after her first burst of fame had worn off and she had installed her mother, and often her daughter, in a new $500,000 house in Charlotte. She began suffering from anxiety attacks, as had previous American Idol winner Clay Aiken. “I know what Clay is talking about,” Barrino told Nicholas Fonseca and Tanner Stransky of Entertainment Weekly. “Everybody, everywhere you go, knows you. They want a piece of you. It’s very tough.”

auditions in Atlanta, Georgia, but her career almost ended before it began when a fight broke out near her in the line of aspirants and guards shut down admission to the building. A guard who had heard Barrino singing, however, talked a staffer into letting Barrino audition, and she impressed the show’s usually caustic British-born judge, Simon Cowell, in the early rounds. As she advanced through multiple American Idol rounds, Barrino looked for ways to set herself apart from the crowd. She had always enjoyed gospel and rock music, but she turned to a song she had never sung before or even heard until shortly before her appearance: George Gershwin’s “Summertime,” from the 1937 opera Porgy and Bess.

Barrino’s memoir, Life Is not a Fairy Tale, was published in 2005. Written with the aid of a freelance author, the book was a bestseller. Later adapted into a special program on the Lifetime cable television channel (Barrino starred as herself), it became the second most popular broadcast in the channel’s history. The book contained the revelation that Barrino had difficulty reading, although she overcame the problem with the help of a tutor. “The baby used to come to me and ask me to read a book and I’d tense up,” she recalled to Marti Yarbrough of Jet. “Now I don’t have the problem with reading out loud. I conquered that fear.” Joseph Barrino filed a $10 million libel suit against the book’s publisher, Simon & Schuster, in September of 2006, claiming that the book’s depictions of his violent temper and other disclosures had damaged his reputation. “I don’t know what his reasons are,” Barrino told Fonseca and Stransky.

Parts of Barrino’s story began to leak out to the press, and while some viewers felt that her penniless, out-ofwedlock pregnancy made her a bad role model, her story resonated with many others. Barrino advanced to the final round against Georgia-born vocalist Diana DeGarmo, and on May 26, 2004, she edged DeGarmo among the record 65 million votes cast by American Idol viewers. Unknown just a few weeks before, Barrino plunged into a whirlwind of fame; her engagements included an appearance at the Kennedy Center Honors in Washington, D.C., in December of 2004, with President George W. Bush in the audience, and a spot as host of television’s Soul Train Awards two months later.

Despite her problems, Fantasia’s future appeared bright. Her second album, Fantasia, was released in December of 2006 and featured straight-ahead urban sounds; All Music Guide critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine contended that “it fully breaks Barrino free of her American Idol persona, giving her a sound and style she can build a career upon.” As of early 2007 the album had reached the number three spot on Billboard magazine’s Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, and Barrino was looking toward new challenges with a starring role in a Broadway musical adaptation of the Alice Walker novel The Color Purple. Although she had lost a starring role in the film Dreamgirls to fellow American


Idol contestant Jennifer Hudson, stage and film seemed to offer an ideal outlet for Barrino’s powerful voice and communicative gifts.

Selected discography Free Yourself, J Records, 2004. Fantasia, J Records, 2006.

Sources Books Contemporary Black Biography, volume 53, Thomson Gale, 2006. Fantasia, Life Is Not a Fairy Tale, Simon & Schuster, 2005.

Periodicals Ebony, July 2005, p. 102. Entertainment Weekly, December 15, 2006, p. 54. Essence, August 2006, p. 63. Jet, October 24, 2005, p. 16. People, December 6, 2004, p. 159.

Online “Fantasia Barrino,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 1, 2007). “Fantasia Barrino.” Biography Resource Center Online. Gale, 2004. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center, Thomson Gale, 2007, http://www.galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/ BioRC (April 1, 2007). —James M. Manheim

Barrino • 57

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dominant force in contemporary Brazilian music, Gilberto Gil helped shape that nation’s modern music in the twentieth century. His lasting influence could be seen beyond the borders of Brazil. Toward the end of the century he continued to exert his influence on new generations of musicians by discovering and nurturing new talent while continuing his own schedule of recording and performing.

Gilberto Gil

Gilberto Gil was born on June 29, 1942, in Salvador, Brazil, and spent his childhood in Bahia, in the Brazilian interior. As a child he began playing drums and showed an interest in various forms of music. He started teaching himself to play trumpet by listening to radio programs at the age of seven. His family moved back to Salvador when Gil was in his teens. It was in 1950, after hearing the music of Luiz Gonzaga, that he decided to learn to play the accordion. Gil played with the group Os Desfinados while still in high school. When he heard Joao Gilberto on the radio, he switched instruments again, this time to guitar. Gil studied business at the University of Bahia and worked for a short time in Sao Paulo for Gessy-Lever, a huge multinational firm. In 1966 he decided to devote himself solely to a career in music. Early musical influences, in addition to Gonzaga and Gilberto, included Sivuca and Antonio Carlos “Tom” Jobim, the legendary Brazilian composer with whom he studied at the Goethe Institute. Gil earned his first recording contract in 1966, and he had his first hit as a songwriter with Ellis Regina’s version of “Louvaçáo” that same year.

Singer, songwriter

Evan Agostini/Getty Images

It is difficult, if not impossible, to write about Gilberto Gil without mentioning Caetano Veloso. Both were musicians shaped by almost identical influences. They were university students in Bahia and met at the Teatro Vila Velha in Salvador in 1963. Gil and Veloso competed in several music festivals. At one such competition, Gil’s “Domingo no Parque” became one of his first songs to be widely recognized. Tarik De Souza wrote in a 1986 UNESCO Courier article, “For their part, Gilberto Gil and Caetano Veloso picked up, each in his own way, the musical threads laid down by [Dorival “Dorri”] Caymmi and Joao Gilberto.” They would become longtime friends and artistic collaborators.


Mark Holston wrote in Guitar Player that Brazilian musicians “owe their privileged status to a unique combination of factors present only in Brazil. Through imported African slaves came Brazil’s most important musical ingredient, as Jobim describes: [that of] ‘the basic African rhythm.’ Europeans, Jobim continues, also had an impact: ‘The European contribution ѧ is enormous: melody, harmony, and form, as well as instruments.’” Gil and Veloso were among the artists attempting to amalgamate all these various influences, with the addition of electric guitars from British and American rock,


B

orn Gilberto Passos Gil Moreira on June 29, 1942, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Played various instruments in childhood and youth, in-

provocative, but they also experimented with the electrifying rock sounds that emanated from England and the United States,” wrote Christopher Dunn in Americas. In that same article Gil told Dunn, “Tropicalismo opened the doors to all influences, it had a democratic attitude towards culture. It helped to reaffirm the popular culture of the streets, and influenced the reafricanization of Brazilian culture.”

cluding accordion, drums and trumpet; met Caetano Veloso in 1963; signed first recording contract, 1966; first noted hit “Domingo No Parque”; founded Tropicália movement in 1967 with Veloso and others; government censorship imposed in Brazil, Gil and Veloso arrested, jailed, and forced into exile in London, 1968; began exploring roots of Brazilian music; trip to Nigeria in 1977 resulted in recording Refavela; entered Bahian politics, successfully ran for city council, appointed to various cultural and social organizations, 1987; retired from politics, but remained involved in some organiza-

Around the same time, Brazil was entering a period of increased protests, political violence, military censorship and political and cultural repression. In 1968 President Arthur da Costa e Silva censored the arts and press. Under his regime, left-wing leaders, labor organizers, and artists, including Veloso and Gil, were arrested. “We were very supportive of what was happening in the universities in the [United States] and in Paris, for instance,” said Gil, “and reproduced those events for Brazilian students. So I wound up in jail for two months, then house arrest for six months. Then I was sent away to London, where I stayed for three years.”

tions on a voluntary basis, 1992; continued to record throughout 1990s with Veloso and other musicians and

Trips during his Exile

as a solo artist. Awards: Grammy Award, for Quanta Live, 1998; Knight of Arts and Letters (France) and Cruz da Ordem de Rio Branco (Brazil). Addresses: Record company—Blue Jackel Entertainment, P.O. Box 87, Huntington, NY 11743. Website— Official Gilberto Gil Website: http://www.gilbertogil. com.br.

while remaining politically and artistically relevant and uniquely Brazilian. The result was a movement called Tropicalismo. The movement has been described in various terms, often perceived as a counterpart to the American hippie movement. Bahian artists, including Gil and Veloso, Tom Ze, Gal Costa, Maria Bethânia (Veloso’s sister) and Jose Carlos Capinam were associated with the movement from 1967-69. The band Os Mutantes, composers Rogerio Duprat and Julio Medaglia, and poets Augusto and Haroldo de Campos were also associated with Tropicalismo. Tropicalismo was “a [cry] for moral and aesthetic liberty launched by Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil,” explained Mario de Aratanhain the UNESCO Courier. “Political dissent invaded the realm of music, growing into full-blooded revolt against the military dictatorship set up in 1964. Under the new rulers, harsh artistic censorship joined up with police violence to silence a generation.” “Their lyrics were socially-conscious and

During his exile, Gil made several trips to Africa and began exploring music of the diaspora throughout the Caribbean, particularly reggae. The most influential of his trips was one to Nigeria in 1977. “When I went to Nigeria in ’77, I met Fela, Stevie Wonder and King Sunny Ade. That trip really gave me the push toward blackness, toward really trying to understand the roots and spirit of the culture,” explained Gil. “I made the links between Stevie Wonder and Miles Davis and Jimmy Cliff and Bob Marley: people speaking out, being proud of being black, understanding the difficulties of getting black culture into Western civilization. So when I got back to Brazil, I started doing music in a more black-oriented vein.” From Tropicalismo sprang Música Popular Brasileria (Brazilian Popular Music), or MPB. Gil is considered the first MPB musician to use an electric guitar. This wave of music in the 1970s introduced new Brazilian artists to the United States, but Gil’s music was not widely recognized in American until the 1980s, when Talking Heads founder David Byrne and other Englishspeaking musicians injected bossa nova and other Afro-Brazilian sounds into their own music. In addition to being active as a recording artist throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Gil became politically active, particularly in Bahian cultural programs. He was a city councilman, elected with more votes than any other candidate, and was one of the few blacks in Brazil to hold public office in the late 1980s. He formed a group called Blue Wave and performed at events to raise funds and awareness for rainforest preservation. In 1995 he became part of the council for the Brazilian social program called Comunidad Solidaria. However, Gil • 59

he decided against running for a second term, saying, “I just couldn’t adapt to the character of being a politician. The masks you wear. I’m not a warrior. I’m a humanist. And politics are not humanist at all.” Even after his short political career, Gil’s popularity did not wane, and he continued to record and tour internationally. Gil’s Quanta Live was recognized with a 1998 Grammy Award. Gil told Rhythm, “the most important thing to me is that I like the record, and that’s the best point about receiving an award.” Recorded live at the peak of the band’s form in Brazil, Gil considered the Grammy a band achievement. Towards the end of the century Gil by now in his fifties continued to grow musically. “I’ve always been a musician, and I have always tried to keep developing new ideas,” said Gil in an interview for O Sol De Oslo. “Since I see change as a natural process, I think I’ve always been changing and developing my music. It’s hard for me to state precisely which directions I took, but I have moved along using my feelings and intuition.” He won another Grammy in 2006 for Best Contemporary World Music Album for Eletracustico, a live album featuring covers of such songs as John Lennon’s “Imagine” and Bob Marley’s “Three Little Birds.” In 2001 Gil provided the soundtrack for the film Me, You, Them. The recordings on the album were a tribute of sorts to Brazilian musician Luiz Gonzaga, one of the country’s leading proponents of baiao—a North Brazilian music that relies heavily on the percussive sounds produced on the zabumba double bass drum. The soundtrack featured Gil’s remakes of Gonzaga classic songs, original material, and original 1950s recordings by Luiz Bonfa. That same year Gil also released a live album, Sao Joao Vivo, and a collaboration with Brazilian singer Milton Nascimento, Gilberto Gil & Milton Nascimento. The latter featured many original compositions penned by the duo as well as an interesting reggae-tinged cover of the Beatles’ George Harrison song “Something.” The restless and politically invigorated Gil released an album consisting entirely of Bob Marley covers in 2002, Kaya N’Gan Daya. He followed this with a concept album, Z: 300 Anos de Zumbi, which was conceived as a ballet about Zumbi, a Brazilian hero who founded a refuge for escaped slaves. Gil was named Brazil’s Minister of Culture in the early part of the twenty-first century, while continuing a frenetic schedule of recording, composing, and performing. His 2006 release, Gil Luminoso, marked a departure of sorts for Gil, as he performed entirely solo with only self-accompaniment on guitar. The “unplugged” versions of many tunes from nearly four decades of recorded output revealed new depth and sincerity in Gil’s songwriting craft and delivery technique.

Selected discography Refavela, Warner Music Brazil, 1977. Personalidade, Polygram Brazil.


A Gente Precisa Ver o Lua, WEA Brazil, 1981. (Contributor) Beleza Tropical: Brazil Classics, Vol. I, Luaka Bop, 1989. (With Caetano Veloso) Caetano y Gil: Tropicalia 2, Nonesuch, 1994. (contributor) Red Hot + Rio, PGD/Verve, 1996. (Contributor) Tropicália 30 Anos, (five-CD set reissue), Mercury/Polygram Brazil, 1998. Quanta Live, Atlanta/Mesa, 1998. O Sol de Oslo, Blue Jackel Entertainment, Inc., 1999. (Contributor) Beleza Tropical 2: Novo! Mais! Melhor!, Luaka Bop, 1999. (Contributor) Copacabana Mon Amour, Inedit, 1999. (Contributor) Me, You, Them, Atlantic, 2001. (Contributor) Sao Joao Vivo, WEA International, 2001. (Contributor) Gilberto Gil & Milton Nascimento, Atlantic, 2001. (Contributor) Kaya N’Gan Daya, WEA International, 2002. (Contributor) Z: 300 Anos de Zumbi, Lightyear, 2002. (Contributor) Eletracustico, WEA International, 2004. (Contributor) As Cancoes de Eu tu Eles, WEA International, 2005. (Contributor) Soul of Brazil, WEA/Warner, 2005. (Contributor) Gilberto Gil: Ao Vivo, WEA, 2005. (Contributor) Gil Luminoso, Biscoito Fino, 2006.

Sources Books Broughton, Simon, et al, editors, World Music: The Rough Guide, Penguin Books USA, Inc., 1994. Schreiner, Claus, Música Brasileira, Marion Boyars Publishers, 1993.

Periodicals Americas (English edition), September-October 1993. Guitar Player, December 1994; May 1999. Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service, August 12, 1993. Nation, May 20, 1991. New York Times Magazine, April 25, 1999. Philadelphia Inquirer, June 1, 1999. Rhythm, June 1999. Time, October 16, 1989. UNESCO Courier, December 1986; March 1991.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 12, 2007). Gilberto Gil Official Website, http://www.gilbertogil.com.br/ index.php?language=en (February 12, 2007).

Other Additional information was provided by Blue Jackel Entertainment, Inc., publicity materials, Arto Lindsay’s liner notes to Caetano y Gil: Tropicalia 2, and several online publications. —Linda Dailey Paulson and Bruce Walker

V

ince Gill worked as a sideman for more than a decade before breaking through to country music superstardom in 1990. Prior to that time, Gill’s vocal and instrumental talents were put to use in the studio by a wide spectrum of country artists. Finally, after struggling to launch his solo career for years, he found his way to fame with a haunting neo-traditional country single, “When I Call Your Name.” Chicago Tribune music critic Jack Hurst wrote of Gill: “After six years in Nashville, a man who has sung backup on the records of more than 100 other artists finally has a megahit of his own to his credit.”

Vince Gill

Many country music enthusiasts had long felt that the talented Gill was a candidate for top success in the industry. With many friends in Nashville and a long string of credits for session work, songwriting, and vocals, Gill needed only to find the style that would best showcase his assets. After years of lackluster work for RCA Records, he succeeded with his first MCA Nashville release, a project he called “the right record at the right time.” Vince Gill was born on April 12, 1957, in Norman, Oklahoma, where he was also raised. Fascinated by country, western, and bluegrass music from childhood, he was playing guitar and singing with a local bluegrass band called Mountain Smoke—they even made a record and opened for Kiss—while still in his teens. “It was just hysterical, seeing a bluegrass band come out and open for Kiss,” Gill told Country Standard Time. “The folks didn’t like it.”


Like many of the other musicians he knew, Gill was strongly influenced by rock as well as country and bluegrass. Playing with such avant-garde artists as the Bluegrass Alliances’s Sam Bush and Sundance’s Byron Berline, he developed a rock-flavored picking style that proved quite popular in California. He also learned to play banjo, dobro, and mandolin—ideal preparation for the studio work that would sustain him down the road.

AP Images

In 1978, Gill joined Pure Prairie League, a soft-rock band based in California. He was featured on three late 1970s Pure Prairie League albums, though the group’s heyday preceded Gill’s arrival. In 1979, during his stay in California, Gill married Janis Oliver, herself a would-be singer-songwriter. For several years Gill and his wife were content to live and work on the West Coast. Then Gill made a controversial career decision, one that absolutely confounded his California friends. Gill had known singer Rodney Crowell since the days when the latter sang backup for country star Emmylou Harris. When Crowell decided to go solo and form his own band, he asked Gill to back him up. It was a demotion, in effect, since Gill had been singing lead with Pure Prairie League. “People were telling me, ‘Man, how could you make that step backward?,’” Gill

Gill • 61


B

orn Vincent Grant Gill on April 12, 1957, in Norman, OK; son of J. Stanley (a judge) and Jerene

Gill; married Janis Oliver (a singer-songwriter), 1979 (divorced, 1999); married Amy Grant (a singer), 2000; children: Jenny (with Oliver), Corrina (with Grant). Singer, songwriter, producer, and live concert entertainer; performed with Bluegrass Alliance and Sundance; singer and guitar player with Pure Prairie League, c. 1975-80; session musician, backup singer and guitar player with Rodney Crowell, c. 1980-84; signed as solo artist with RCA Records, released first hit, “Turn Me Loose,” 1984; moved to MCA Records, released first number one hit, “When I Call Your Name,” 1990. Awards: Academy of Country Music (ACM) Awards: New Male Vocalist of the Year, 1984; Top Male Vocalist of the Year, Song of the Year, 1992; Country Music Association (CMA) Awards: Single of the Year, 1990; Vocal Event of the Year, Song of the Year, Male Vocalist

recalled in Kentucky’s Lexington Herald-Leader. “Musically, that was a giant step [forward] for me.” As the 1980s began, Gill moved with more focus into purely country music, forging lasting relationships with Crowell, Harris, and the man who would become his producer, Tony Brown. Nashville proved a congenial environment for both Gill and his wife. The up-and-coming singer with the high, expressive tenor found as much work as he could handle as a session vocalist and musician; he worked with Crowell, Harris, Bonnie Raitt, Rosanne Cash, and Patty Loveless, to name a few. In 1984 Gill signed a contract for solo work with RCA Records. His first RCA release, a mini-album called Turn Me Loose, yielded a Top 20 hit and earned Gill the Academy of Country Music’s top New Male Vocalist Award. The sailing was not smooth thereafter, however; Gill had grand ambitions for his music, ambitions that ran counter to the prevailing winds in Nashville. “I felt I was going to be the one who could really bridge the gap between pop and country and get rock fans interested in country music,” he told the Chicago Tribune. Through three RCA releases Gill explored his personal vision, bringing all his acoustic and vocal talents to bear. He achieved modest success and even cracked the Country Top Ten with the duet “If It Weren’t for Him,” recorded with Rosanne Cash.

of the Year, 1991; Male Vocalist of the Year, Song of the Year, 1992; Vocal Event of the Year, Male Vocalist of the

Stepped Out of the Shadows

Year, Song of the Year, Album of the Year, Entertainer of

In 1990 Gill severed his relationship with RCA and moved down the street to MCA Nashville, where his friend Tony Brown was working as a producer. Gill’s first MCA recording, When I Call Your Name, was far more traditional than his previous work; it featured an Oklahoma swing number and several compelling country ballads. The album became Gill’s biggest, selling four or five times more units than any of his previous releases. “It’s the first real country record I’ve ever made, and I’m extremely proud of it,” he told the Chicago Tribune.

the Year, 1993; Album of the Year, Male Vocalist of the Year, Entertainer of the Year, 1994; Grammy Award, Best Male Country Vocal, 1990; Best Country Vocal Collaboration (with Steve Wariner and Ricky Skaggs), 1991; Best Country Song, Best Male Country Performance, 1992; Best Country Instrumental Performance (with Asleep at the Wheel), 1993; Best Male Country Vocal Performance, 1994; Best Male Country Vocal Performance, Best Country Instrumental Performance (with Randy Scruggs), 1999; Best Country Instrumental Performance (with Asleep at the Wheel), 2000; Best Country Instrumental Performance, “Foggy Mountain Breakdown,” 2001; Best Male Country Vocal Performance, for Next Big Thing, 2003; Best Male Country Vocal Performance, for The Reason Why, 2006. Addresses: Record company—MCA Nashville, 1514 South St., Nashville, TN 37212, website - http:// mcanashville.com. Website—Vince Gill Official Website: http://www.vincegill.com.


Gill’s pride was justifiable in light of the awards he garnered for the album’s title song. “When I Call Your Name” was judged the Best Single of the Year by the Country Music Association and was awarded a Grammy as Best Country song of 1990. The album yielded other hits as well, including the Reba McEntire duet “Oklahoma Swing” and the bluegrass-styled “Never Knew Lonely.” At long last Gill had stepped out of the shadows of the Nashville recording studios and into the spotlight many felt he richly deserved. His tenor vocals and chilling harmonies may not have closed the gap between country and pop, but they had enriched and enlarged the scope of bluegrass in a country format. Gill followed up When I Call Your Name with Pocket Full of Gold, an effort replete with no-nonsense

shuffles, love ballads, and a rocking version of an old traditional song. Country Music reviewer Rich Kienzle stated unequivocally that the record deserved the acclaim it had garnered, and felt that it “nearly” equalled the “special” nature of When I Call Your Name. Kienzle finished his appraisal by declaring: “Gill deserves credit for maintaining his original direction. With tight production ѧ combined with his clear, beautifully focused voice, he’s moving in a direction that is right for him. Others should be so lucky.”

Considering his wide instrumental experience and proficiency in many styles, it is no surprise that Gill offers a variety of work on each album. He told the Chicago Tribune that he consciously tries to put “different things” on his releases so that he does not become associated with one particular sound. His biggest challenge, he said, is to find “something to home in on, something folks [are] going to react to.”

Gill’s star shone brighter still in 1992 when Pocket Full of Gold went platinum, as did his 1992 release I Still Believe in You. Also that year he received the honor of membership in the Grand Ole Opry. Gill went on to release three major hits in 1993, including “One More Chance.” He released a true crossover album, When Love Finds You, in 1994. He rounded out the decade with High Lonesome Sound in 1996 and The Key and Christmas Collection in 1998. Gill released Let’s Make Sure We Kiss Goodbye as well as a children’s album, The Emperor’s New Clothes, in 2000.


Although Gill’s marriage to Oliver ended in divorce in 1999, the couple had one daughter, Jenny, born in the early 1980s. Her voice can be heard on supporting vocals with her father on Let’s Make Sure We Kiss Goodbye. Gill married singer Amy Grant in 2000, and one year later the couple’s daughter, Corrina Grant Gill, was born. When country music and the record industry in general began to lose market share during the late 1990s and early 2000s, Gill remained enduringly popular with both fans and fellow pickers. Indeed the affable star was tapped to host the 36th Annual Country Music Awards, which he did with humor and grace. Further, his recordings kept racking up sales and awards to an impressive degree. As of 2006, Gill had passed the legendary Chet Atkins for the most Grammy Awards by a country artist. Even after his singles no longer found favor on radio playlists, Gill remained a major album seller. His 2003 album Next Big Thing, another Grammy winner, recalled his lighter side lyrically, while bringing his freewheeling sense of roots musicianship sharply into play. Yet, his most ambitious project to date remains the four-disc set These Days. Speaking with Andy Ellis of Frets, Gill explained the motivation behind the groundbreaking set. “I was at a point in my career where my records were no longer getting airplay on country radio. I thought, ‘Okay, I’ve had a good run, what’s next?’ One night as I was pondering this, the phone rang and it was Eric [Clapton]. After I got over the shock, he explained that he was a fan of my guitar playing, and he was calling to personally invite me to join him on stage at the Crossroads Festival. ѧ It was a creative awakening.” The critically acclaimed set became a major seller on the country and pop charts and earned Gill a record fifteenth Grammy Award for the single “The Reason Why.”

Singles “Victim of Life’s Circumstances,” RCA, 1984. “Oh Carolina,” RCA, 1984. “Turn Me Loose,” RCA, 1984. “True Love,” RCA, 1985. (With Roseanne Cash) “If It Weren’t For Him,” RCA, 1985. “Oklahoma Borderline,” RCA, 1985. “With You,” RCA, 1986. “Cinderella,” RCA, 1987. “Let’s Do Something” RCA, 1987. “Everybody’s Sweetheart,” RCA, 1988. “The Radio,” RCA, 1988. “Never Alone,” MCA, 1988. (With Reba McIntyre) “Oklahoma Swing,” MCA, 1990. “When I Call Your Name,” MCA, 1990. “Never Knew Lonely,” MCA, 1990. “Pocket Full of Gold,” MCA, 1991. (Mark O’Connor—The New Nashville Cats, featuring Steve Wariner, Ricky Skaggs and Vince Gill) “Restless,” Warner, 1991. “Liza Jane,” MCA, 1991. “Look At Us,” MCA, 1991. “Take Your Memory With You,” MCA, 1992. “I Still Believe in You,” MCA, 1992. “Don’t Let Our Love Start Slippin’ Away,” MCA, 1992. (With McIntyre) “The Heart Won’t Lie,” MCA, 1993. “No Future in the Past,” MCA, 1993. “One More Last Chance,” MCA, 1993. “Tryin’ to Get Over You,” MCA, 1994. “Whenever You Come Around,” MCA, 1994. “What the Cowgirls Do,” MCA, 1994. “When Love Finds You,” MCA, 1994. “Which Bridge to Cross (Which Bridge to Burn),” MCA, 1995. “You Better Think Twice,” MCA, 1995. (Dolly Parton, with special guest Vince Gill) “I Will Always Love You,” Columbia, 1995. “Go Rest High on That Mountain,” MCA, 1995. “High Lonesome Sound,” MCA, 1996. “Pretty Little Adriana,” MCA, 1996. “Worlds Apart,” MCA, 1996. “You and You Alone,” MCA, 1997. “A Little More Love,” MCA, 1997. “If You Ever Have Forever in Your Mind,” MCA, 1998. “Kindly Keep it Country,” MCA, 1998. “Don’t Come Crying to Me,” MCA, 1999. “My Kind of Woman, My Kind of Man,” MCA, 1999. “Feels Like Love,” MCA, 2000. “Let’s Make Sure We Kiss Goodbye,” MCA, 2000. “Straight from Your Heart,” MCA, 2001. “Next Big Thing,” MCA, 2002. “Someday,” MCA, 2003. “The Reason Why,” MCA, 2006.

Gill • 63

Albums

Sources

Turn Me Loose, RCA, 1984. The Things That Matter, RCA, 1985. The Way Back Home, RCA, 1987. The Best of Vince Gill, RCA, 1989. When I Call Your Name, MCA Nashville, 1989. Pocket Full of Gold, MCA Nashville, 1991. I Never Knew Lonely (compilation), RCA, 1992. I Still Believe in You, MCA, 1992. Let There Be Peace on Earth, MCA, 1993. When Love Finds You, MCA, 1994. Souvenirs, MCA, 1995. High Lonesome Sound, MCA, 1996. The Key, MCA, 1998. Breath of Heaven: A Christmas Collection, MCA, 1998. Let’s Make Sure We Kiss Goodbye, MCA, 2000. 20th Century Masters - The Millennium Collection: The Best of Vince Gill, MCA, 2003. Next Big Thing, MCA, 2003. The Encore Collections, BMG, 2005. These Days, MCA, 2006.

Periodicals

Video I Still Believe in You, MCA Music Video, 1992. Christmas with Vince Gill, MCA, 1994. Souvenirs: Live at Ryman, MCA, 1996.


Chicago Tribune, September 13, 1990. Country Music, March/April 1991; November/December 1991. Lexington Herald-Leader, (KY), July 29, 1990. People, June 10, 1991. Stereo Review, April 1991. Variety, December 23, 1991.

Online “Vince Gill,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (March 3, 2007). “Vince Gill,” Frets, http://www.fretsmag.com/story.asp?sectioncode=52&storycode=16653, (Winter 2006). “Vince Gill,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com, (March 3, 2007). “Vince Gill - the next big thing?,” Country Standard Time, http://www.countrystandardtime.com (March 2003). Vince Gill Official Website, http://www.vincegill.com (March 3, 2007). —Anne Janette Johnson and Ken Burke

Jeff Healey Singer, songwriter, guitarist

B

est known for the hit single “Angel Eyes” and his role as “Cody” in the 1989 film Road House, guitarist, singer, and songwriter Jeff Healey has attracted the attention of many with his searing guitar licks and imaginative blend of rock, jazz, and blues. Early in his career Healey was hailed as a blues guitar hero. According to Jas Obrecht of Guitar Player, B.B. King once told Healey, “I’ve never seen anything like it. Your execution is the best I’ve ever seen. Stick with it, and you’ll be bigger than Stevie Ray Vaughan, Stanley Jordan, and B.B. King.” That has not happened, but Healey has enjoyed a strong worldwide following and is a major star in his native Canada. A student of jazz as well as blues, Healey stunned his fans by alternating between playing guitar-based blues and 1930s style jazz, featuring himself on the trumpet. Adopted into a middle class Canadian family, Healey grew up in Natobico, an outlying suburb of Toronto. Healey lost his sight due to eye cancer at age one. Two years later he received a small acoustic guitar, which he played flat on his lap, in open tuning with a slide, until someone at the School for the Blind in Brantford showed him standard tuning. Healey attended the School for the Blind through the seventh grade and then attended the local high school. When he first started playing the guitar, Healey often played country music in the style of Chet Atkins and Luther Perkins, but his musical experience was wideranging. He played guitar and trumpet in all the jazz and concert bands in his high school, and he and some other students organized a blues-based band called

Blue Directions, which played in clubs. While in high school, Healey and his friends liked to listen to music by guitarists Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Jimi Hendrix, B.B. King, Albert Collins, and Buddy Guy. Although he did not graduate from high school, Healey privately studied music theory, earning a certificate in harmony and arranging. The young guitarist continued to perform on a freelance basis, but at that time he did not become a permanent member of any band, Healey claimed, because his unconventional style of holding the guitar made other band members uncomfortable. Healey plays a black Fender Squire Strat, a white standard Strat, and a black Jackson six-and-twelvestring doubleneck on his lap. His right hand picks and strums, while his left runs wildly across the strings of the headboard. “I tried playing guitar the normal way, but I just wasn’t very comfortable,” declared Healey in an interview with Oregon Statesman-Journal reporter Ron Cowan, “so I decided to hold it in my lap and work out all the chords that way.” One night in late 1985 Healey and a friend went to hear Texas bluesmaster Albert Collins at a club in Toronto. Healey’s friend convinced Collins to let the then 19year-old Healey sit in for one song; Collins kept Healey on stage for an hour and invited him to come back a few nights later to play with Collins’s friend, guitarist Stevie Ray Vaughan. After the latter performance, Healey was flooded with calls for club dates. So he quickly put together a trio with drummer Tom Stephen, whom he knew from jam sessions, and studio bassist Joe Rockman. Stephen, who did not learn to play drums until he was 28, was happy to leave his job as an urban planner for the Ontario Land Corporation. After one rehearsal Rockman recognized the band’s potential and cancelled other commitments. Shortly after its formation, the Jeff Healey Band toured extensively, giving between 200 and 300 concerts annually in Canada for about two years. Not wanting to bore audiences visually, Healey adopted a more active concert style, roaming the stage, picking strings with his teeth, and playing with his guitar behind his head. The self-managed band cut a single and made a video demo tape with the Toronto-based Forte Productions. Stephen presented the tape to New York City record producers but he returned, unable to spark any interest—or so he thought. Several weeks later, however, the Jeff Healey Band was approached and signed by Arista Records. The band needed a producer for its first recording, and Jimmy Iovine was Arista’s choice. Just as Iovine received the demo tape and video, he was asked to line up a band for a movie that needed a soundtrack. It called for a young, blind blues-rock guitarist who played with the guitar flat in his lap. The author of the

Healey • 65


B

orn c. 1966; adopted son of a Canadian family; raised in Natobico, Ontario, Canada; married; chil-

dren: a daughter and a son. Began playing guitar at age three; formed the Jeff Healey Band with drummer Tom Stephen and bassist Joe Rockman in Toronto in 1985; appeared in motion pic-

script for the movie had seen the band in Toronto and been inspired by it. The Jeff Healey Band was asked to record the soundtrack and was offered speaking parts in Road House, a film starring actor Patrick Swayze. In March and April of 1988, Iovine and the band started recording the 20 songs that make up the soundtrack, and the movie itself was filmed in June and July. In the midst of the movie work the Jeff Healey Band recorded its own album, See the Light, from which “Angel Eyes” became the band’s only Top 40 hit, reaching number five on the Billboard Hot 100 in September of 1989.

ture Road House, 1989; recorded for Arista, 1988-95; began playing trumpet in his own jazz band, 2002; recorded for Forte, HealeyOphonic and Stoney Plain labels, 1996-2006; signed with Ruf Records, 2006; retired his original trio in 2002; formed Jeff Healey and the Jazz Wizards, 2003; hosted own weekly jazz show on CBC radio called My Kinda Jazz; opened his own nightspot, Jeff Healey’s Road House, 2007. Awards: Toronto Music Award, for Best New Band and Best New Guitarist, 1987; Billboard International Achievement Award, 1989; COCA (Canadian Organization of Campus Activities) Award, for Album and Entertainer of the Year, 1989; CASBY Awards (Canadian Artists Selected By You), for Best Male Vocalist, Album of the Year, and Single of the Year, 1989; Music Express Awards, for Male Vocalist and Live Act of the Year, 1989; Juno Awards, for Canadian Album of the Year/ Entertainer of the Year, 1990; World Music Award, for Best Selling Canadian Artist, 1990; MuchMusic Canadian Music Video Award, for Best Group Video of the Year, 1990; Toronto Music Award, for Best Guitarist, 1990; Guitar Player magazine reader’s poll, Best Blues Guitarist & Best New Talent, 1990; Jazz Report Award, for Blues Group of the Year, 1993; Q107 Rock Award (formerly the CASBY Awards), for Best Blues Group, 1993. Addresses: Record company—Ruf Records, 1769 Lexington Ave. North, &num:327, St. Paul, MN 55113, website: http://www.rufrecords.de. Bookings—Steve Butler, Paquin Agency, 416-962-8885, website: http:// www.paquinentertainment.com,

e-mail:

steve@

paquinentertainment.com. Publicist—Richard Flohill & Associates, phone: 416-351-1323, e-mail: rflohil@ sympatic.ca. Website—Official Artist Website: http:// www.jeffhealeyband.com.


Five of the 12 songs on See the Light were composed by Healey, who wrote and taped hours of songs as a teenager. “I write about things that everyday people understand,” Healey declared in an interview with Musician’s Ted Drozdowski. “I won’t write about politics, which a lot of people can take or leave. But love between human beings is a natural thing, so we can all relate to it. And if I get to play some guitar in the bargain, then everybody’s happy.” Road House opened the door for guest appearances on American television shows, including The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and Late Night with David Letterman. Healey and his band were in demand and toured vigorously. The group would never enjoy another hit the size of “Angel Eyes,” but they sold millions of albums worldwide. Their second album, Hell to Pay, was arguably their best. Aided by guest stars George Harrison, Mark Knopfler, Jeff Lynne, and Paul Schaeffer, the disc featured four Healey originals. Acting as their own producers and writing most of the songs on 1992’s Feel This, Healey and his band continued to capitalize on their roadhouse rockin’ blues reputation. Cutting hard electric boogie on “Cruel Little Number” and “House That Love Built,” they tried to recapture the radio airplay that had given them their first and only hit single. Entertainment Weekly was critical of the band’s approach, writing: “Bluesy guitar phenom Jeff Healey must feel the only way to advance from mere golden to mega status is via the fatted calf: corporate rock sound. How else to explain this cliched, gimmick-ridden slice of luncheon loaf, which renders tasteless virtually every shred of originality and distinctiveness in Healey’s music.” Healey’s final album for Arista was 1995’s Cover to Cover, a collection of blues and rock covers such as the Beatles’ “Yer Blues” and Stealer Wheels’ “Stuck in the Middle with You,” rearranged to fit Healey’s stomping blues style. The set became a number one blues album, but did not dent the pop charts. The Jeff Healey Band’s days as a major label recording act were over, but Healey’s creative vision and fire remained strong. For the 2000 album Get Me Some, Healey eschewed commercial considerations and concentrated on what

he did best—powerful uptempo blasts mixed with occasional touching blues ballads. However, by 2002 he began to feel the need to diversify. He opened his own club in Toronto, simply called Healey’s, dismissed his original band, and in his spare time began to tinker with the trumpet again. The move did not exactly come out of the blue. As a child, Healey had begun a record collection that eventually numbered more than 25,000 early jazz, blues, and gospel 78s and reissued albums. His knowledge of diverse musicians was encyclopedic, but his all-time favorite was trumpeter Louis Armstrong. His passion for the music led him to host a weekly hour-long radio show on the CBC called My Kinda Jazz. In 2003 Healey formed the Jazz Wizards and began performing traditional six-piece jazz. When Mike Ross of CANOE-Jam referred to the style as Dixieland, Healey was quick to correct him. “Dixieland is a state of mind, not a form of music,” and added, “You get visions of hats and canes, which is kind of distressing to those of us who appreciate good music.” Although still playing mostly blues guitar, Healey played weekly gigs— spelled on vocals by Terra Hazelton—with the Jazz Wizards and cut two traditional jazz albums for his own HealeyOphonic label that were later leased by Stoney Plain. The guitar slinger-turned trumpeter’s first Stoney Plain release was 2006’s It’s Tight Like That, a rowdy, sometimes randy collection of old-time jazz that featured special guest trombonist Chris Barber. Fortunately for his original fans, Healey had not entirely abandoned the cause of hard rockin’ blues. In late 2006 he signed with the German blues label Ruf Records.

Cover to Cover, Arista, 1995. The Master Hits: Jeff Healey Band, Arista, 1999. Get Me Some, Forte/Universal Music, 2000. The Best of the Jeff Healey Band [Paradiso], Paradiso, 2001. Among Friends, HealeyOphonic, 2002; Stoney Plain, 2007. Adventures in Jazzland, HealeyOphonic, 2004; Stoney Plain, 2007. Platinum & Gold Collection, Arista, 2004. Live at Montreux 1999, Eagle, 2005. It’s Tight Like That [live], Stoney Plain, 2006.

Video/DVD See the Light: Live from London, Arista, 1989. Jeff Healey Band, Pioneer, 1990. Live at Montreux 1999, Eagle Vision, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Guitar Player, August 1989. Melody Maker, November 19, 1988. Musician, March 1989. The Oregonian, October 21, 1988. Oregon Statesman-Journal, October 24, 1988. Sun (Baltimore, MD), April 7, 1989.

Online


“Blues guitarist Jeff Healey recovering from lung cancer surgery,” The Canadian Press, http://www.cbc.ca/arts/music/ story/2007/01/16/healey-cancer-surgery.html (January 16, 2007). “Jazzy Jeff Healey—Rocker Sees the light and picks up a trumpet,” CANOE – JAM!, http://www.jam.canoe.ca/Music/ Artists?H?Healey_Jeff/2003/10/17/pf-745932.html (October 17, 2003). “Jeff Healey,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (March 7, 2007). “Jeff Healey,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com (March 7, 2007). Jeff Healey Official Websites, http://www.jeffhealey.com and http://www.jeffhealeyband.com (March 7, 2007). “Jeff Healey,” Stoney Plain Records, http://www. stoneyplainrecords.com (March 7, 2007). “Review by Billy Altman, Feel This (1992),” Entertainment Weekly, http://www.entertainmentweekly.com (December 4, 1992).

Albums

Other

See the Light, Arista Records, 1988. (Various artists)Road House [OST], Arista Records, 1989. Hell to Pay, Arista, 1990; reissued, 2007. Feel This, Arista, 1992; reissued, 2007.

Additional information for this profile came from the publicity department of Ruf Records.

Before he could complete his first album for the label, the singer-songwriter was diagnosed with lung cancer. The operation to remove the cancerous tissue from both lungs took place just one day after the gala opening of his new nightspot, Jeff Healey’s Roadhouse. Displaying an indomitable spirit, Healey rebounded quickly and was back on the air playing old 78 rpm records from his collection. In a statement issued through his publicist, Healey remained upbeat although philosophical: “I’ve had 40 good years, you get a bump every now and then.”

—David Collins and Ken Burke

Healey • 67

Allan Holdsworth Guitar player, composer

A

llan Holdsworth’s unique legato guitar stylings and furious speed have inspired the likes of Eddie Van Halen, Steve Vai, Joe Satriani, and the late Frank Zappa. Though he is a perennial winner of Guitar Player magazine readers’ polls, he has never attained the kind of commercial superstar status accorded other guitar giants. Through ties with rock and fusion bands, Holdsworth has established a reputation as one of the finest soloists to come out of the English progressive rock scene of the 1970s. Holdsworth was born on August 6, 1946, in Bradford, England. His father, an amateur jazz pianist, encouraged him to learn piano, but he was more interested in the saxophone. He especially liked Cannonball Adderly and John Coltrane. Not surprisingly, Holdsworth’s fluid guitar style has often been compared to the sounds produced by saxophonists Wayne Shorter and Coltrane. When he was 15, his father gave him a guitar and taught him some basic skills. He had an ear for jazz guitarists Jimmy Rainey, Charlie Christian, Jim Hall, and Joe Pass, but also liked Eric Clapton’s electric blues sounds. After playing rock numbers for a time in a local band, he formed a unit called Igginbottom in 1968, with Steve Robinson on guitar and vocals, Mick Skelly on bass, and Dave Freeman on drums. They released one album, Igginbottom’s Wrench, and folded shortly thereafter. The album has been re-released as Allan Holdsworth and Friends Igginbottom’s Wrench. In 1969 Holdsworth hooked up with trumpeter Ian Carr and his ever-changing band Nucleus on their album


Belladonna. At that time the group also included Dave MacRae on keyboards (later of Robert Wyatt’s band Matching Mole), Gordon Beck on piano, Clive Thacker on drums, Trevor Tompkins on percussion, and Roy Babbington on bass. Holdsworth departed when Nucleus expanded its lineup by adding, among others, bassist Tony Levin (later of King Crimson). In 1972 Holdsworth did a brief stint with rock band Tempest, which included John Hiseman on drums, Mark Clarke on bass, Ollie Halsall on guitar, and Paul Williams on vocals. They released a debut album of the same name and toured as an opening act for blues guitarist Rory Gallagher. When Robert Wyatt left the band Soft Machine in 1972, he was replaced by Nucleus drummer John Marshall. That trend continued in 1973 when Nucleus saxophonist and keyboard player Karl Jenkins replaced sax man Elton Dean, and bassist Roy Babbington replaced Hugh Hopper. With ex-Nucleus members comprising the bulk of the outfit, it was natural that Allan Holdsworth should come in for the 1975 Soft Machine set Bundles. Once the opening act for the Jimi Hendrix Experience, Soft Machine had never featured a lead guitarist, let alone one of Holdsworth’s caliber. His contributions gave the band a much needed lift and helped steer it in a guitar-oriented direction. Holdsworth truly left his mark on the band, as he was replaced by jazz guitarist John Etheridge upon his departure. Holdsworth’s next stop was in The New Tony Williams’ Lifetime. Williams’s earlier version of the band, featuring John McLaughlin on guitar and Larry Young on organ, was regarded by many, including Miles Davis, as the finest fusion of rock, R&B, and jazz of its time. Holdsworth and Williams, joined by bassist Tony Newton and keyboard player Alan Pasqua, released Believe It in 1975 to wide acclaim. Holdsworth’s unique harmonic excursions were surprisingly well suited to the precise jazz stylings of Williams. They followed that release with Million Dollar Legs in 1976. For the next few years, Holdsworth collaborated with a number of artists in the English progressive rock scene. He played on Jean Luc Ponty’s 1977 release Enigmatic Ocean, with bassist Ralphe Armstrong, Allan Zavad on keyboards, Steve Smith on drums, and Darrell Steurmer on guitar. He was also featured on the Pierre Moerlen-led Gong album Gazeuse!. Two albums with Yes and King Crimson drummer Bill Bruford, Feels Good and One of a Kind, put him alongside Dave Stewart on keyboards, Jeff Berlin on bass, Kenny Wheeler on trumpet, and Eddie Jobson on violin. During that period he also recorded the more commercially accessible U.K. debut album with Bruford, Jobson, and bassist John Wetton. The “super group” experiment was not consistent with Holdsworth’s personal musical directions, and he departed before U. K. recorded subsequent releases Danger Money and Night after Night.


B

orn August 6, 1946, in Bradford, Yorkshire, England; son of a pianist.

Guitarist with Igginbottom, late 1960s; joined Soft Machine, 1973; released first solo album, Velvet Darkness, 1977; released Road Games, 1983; released The Sixteen Men of Tain, 2000. Addresses:

Management—Email:

therealallanholdsworth.com.

management@

Website—Allan

Hold-

sworth Official Website: http://www.therealallanholdsworth.com.

His next effort, billed as his first true solo project, was I.O.U., featuring Paul Carmichael on bass, Gary Husband on drums and piano, and Paul Williams, formerly of Tempest, on vocals. By all accounts, Holdsworth turned up the juice on this set, achieving a sophistication and subtlety he was not able to express in a group context. Critics were less than kind as to Williams’s vocals, but the album was seen as a long overdue step for Holdsworth. Recorded in 1979, its release was delayed until 1982. On the heels of I.O.U. he released a six track mini-album,Road Games, with Jack Bruce and Jeff Berlin alternating on bass, Chad Wackerman on drums, and Paul Williams again on vocals. Holdsworth was not happy with this effort and the mix was improved for the 2001 CD release. Between 1985 and 1992 Holdsworth released several albums backed by the core lineup of Alan Pasqua on keyboards and Gary Husband and Chad Wackerman on drums. 1985’s Metal Fatigue, also featuring Paul Williams on vocals and Jimmy Johnson on bass, has been regarded as one of his best. Standout tracks were “Devil Take the Hindmost” and “Un-Merry-Go-Round.” The following year he released Atavachron, which, of all things, included cover art depicting him as a character in a Star Trek episode of the same name. Truly a product of its time, Atavachron was intended as a futuristically themed vehicle for introducing Holdsworth’s experiments with the synth axe. Like many synthesizer-based projects of the 1980s, it now comes across as somewhat dated and overproduced. Likewise, the 1987 release Sand, though more rhythmically exciting, suffered for sounding more like a keyboard exercise than the kind of agile and expansive guitar work that Holdsworth pioneered. He all but shelved the synth axe for the 1989 release Secrets, which is regarded by many critics as his compositional peak. On Wardenclyffe Tower, he introduced the baritone guitar and reached for a softer, more lyrical style.

In 1993 Holdsworth, backed by bassist Skuli Sverrisson, keyboard player Steve Hunt, and Gary Husband on drums, cut Hard Hat Area. Like Wardenclyffe Tower, this album did not rely on synth axe, and it had more of a rock feel. On 1996’s None Too Soon, Holdsworth covered two standards beautifully, the Beatles’ “Norwegian Wood” and Coltrane’s “Countdown.” In a jazzier vein, Sixteen Men of Tain featured Dave Carpenter on acoustic bass, Walt Fowler on trumpet, and Gary Novak on drums. In this set Holdsworth blended his guitar and synth axe to create a mellower sound. He returned to the synth axe with Flat Tire Music for a Non-existent Movie, teamed again with Dave Carpenter. Despite his reputation as a virtuoso, Holdsworth has never been too fond of live performances. In a 2005 Abstract Logix interview he explained: “I don’t really do very well on the road. Back when I worked with Tony (Williams) I remember I used to do a lot of stuff in hotel rooms. That was years ago. Now I like to be at home and just sit down with a guitar and try to come up with a few ideas. If it feels OK then I’ll make notes and just keep going back until I can make it grow into something. But on the road I get panicked, I get really nervous about playing.” Nevertheless, Holdsworth released two live sets: I.O.U. Live in 1997 and All Night Wrong in 2002. Both were recorded in Tokyo, in 1984 and 2002, respectively. In 2003 Holdsworth also toured and recorded with the Soft Machine alumni band Softworks, with Elton Dean, Hugh Hopper, and John Marshall.

Selected discography With Igginbottom Igginbottom’s Wrench, Deram, 1969; reissued on DeramJapan, 1988.

Wth Ian Carr’s Nucleus Belladonna, Vertigo, 1972. Direct Hits, Vertigo, 1973.

With Soft Machine Bundles, Harvest, 1975. Triple Echo, Harvest, 1977. Land of Cockayne, EMI, 1981. The Untouchabler, Castle, 1990. Best of the Harvest Years, See for Miles, 1995. BBC Radio, 1971-74, Hux, 2003.

With Soft Works Abracadabra, Universal, 2003.

Holdsworth • 69

With Tony Williams New Lifetime

With U.K.

Believe It!, Columbia, 1975. Million Dollar Legs, Columbia, 1976.

U.K., Polydor, 1978. U.K./Danger Money/Night after Night (CD reissue), R&R, 1999.

Solo Velvet Darkness, CTI, 1976. I.O.U., Enigma, 1982. Road Games, Warner Brothers, 1983. Metal Fatigue, Enigma, 1985. Atavachron, Enigma, 1986. Sand, Relativity, 1987. Secrets, Intima, 1989. Wardenclyffe Tower, Restless, 1992. Best Works Collection, Jimco, 1992. Just for the Curious (instructional), CPP Media, 1993. Hard Hat Area, Polydor, 1996. I.O.U. Live, Purple Pyramid, 1997. The Sixteen Men of Tain, Polydor, 1999. None Too Soon, Polydor, 2000. Flat Tire-Music for a Non-Existent Movie, Megazoidal, 2001. All Night Wrong, Sony, 2002. Then!, Alternity, 2003.


Sources Periodicals Guitar Player, February 1993; April 1998; January 2004; November 2004; October 2005.

Online Abstract Logix, http://www.abstractlogix.com/interview_view. php?idno=80, (February 15, 2007). Allan Holdsworth Official Website, http://www. therealallanholdsworth.com, (January 18, 2007). All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (January 18, 2007). —Bruce Walker

When he was 19 he achieved a step up career-wise when he was hired to sing at the Johnnie High Country Revue in Arlington, outside Dallas. High had nurtured the country careers of several well-known Texas acts, including John Anderson, Garry Morris, Lee Ann Womack, and teen country-pop sensation LeAnn Rimes.

Steve Holy Singer, songwriter

T

exas-born country singer Steve Holy enlivened country charts in the early 2000s with a pair of number one hits, “Good Morning Beautiful” (2001) and “Brand New Girlfriend” (2006). Those songs and other Holy releases showcased his muscular vocals, modeled partly on those of the classic singers of the early rock and roll era: Elvis Presley, Charlie Rich, and Roy Orbison, among others. “My heart is really in the ’50s music,” Holy told Jack Leaver of Michigan’s Grand Rapids Press. “I don’t know what it is exactly, but I just like it. Music was really heartfelt back then.” Steve Holy was born in Dallas, Texas, on February 23, 1972. He was the youngest of eight siblings in a Catholic family of “five girls and three employees,” he recalled to Christina Killion Valdez of the Rochester, Minnesota, Post-Bulletin. Holy’s grandfather reportedly invented the first machine for drilling house foundations in 1930, and it was understood that his male children would enter the family’s successful construction business. Music was not part of young Holy’s life. “We really didn’t express ourselves much in our house growing up, especially if you were one of the boys,” he told Leaver. “You worked and played sports, but singing ѧ are you kidding? You were a sissy if you did that! We were pretty shy and quiet.” Yet Holy’s impulse toward vocal expression could not be kept down, and he was unsatisfied by construction work. As he grew older, he began to amuse classmates with his spot-on imitation of legendary Texas vocalist Conway Twitty, and he auditioned for spots at local country music venues such as the Mesquite Opry.

Presenting Holy on stage, High’s endorsement was at best lukewarm. “He would introduce me as ‘This next kid is very awkward, he has no idea what he’s doing, but he has that ‘it thing’,” Holy recalled to Valdez. Holy, unused to performing, was seized by stage fright prior to each show. But his confidence grew, and before long he had a regular weekend slot. At first skeptical, Holy’s family was won over by his growing success. One of his sisters became his tour manager, while another signed on as merchandise buyer. Holly began making the drive from Dallas to Nashville on weekends, trying to break into the recording industry. His breakthrough came when he gained the attention of producer Wilbur Rimes, father of LeAnn, thanks to an Entertainer of the Year honor at the Johnnie High Country Music Revue. Both Wilbur and LeAnn Rimes encouraged Holy’s trips to Nashville, and in 1999 he was signed to the Curb label. Holy released the upbeat swing song “Don’t Make Me Beg,” a traditional country number, as a single, and in 2000 released his debut album, Blue Moon. Wilbur Rimes served as producer. In a music business increasingly oriented toward instant stardom, the sales patterns of Blue Moon were unusual. Holy toured in support of the album and drew comparisons not only to Presley and Orbison but also to big-voiced country predecessors such as John Conlee and Mickey Gilley. Jonathan Widran of the All Music Guide praised Holy’s “rich, sultry vocal tones,” although he remarked that Holy “only hits at finding an original voice on occasion.” Holy toured with country superstar Toby Keith in the summer of 2001. But Holy singles released to radio hovered at lower chart levels until July of that year, when “Good Morning Beautiful,” a ballad that later appeared in the film Angel Eyes, became the album’s fourth single. It spent five weeks in the number one spot on Billboard magazine’s country singles chart. Blue Moon was eventually certified platinum (for sales of 1,000,000 copies), and the year 2002 was a busy one for Holy, who told Cathalena E. Burch of the Arizona Star that year that he was “on cloud nine right now. You dream your whole life. Once this crazy thought of becoming a recording artist actually enters your head, from that point on you can’t shake it.” Holy eagerly entered the recording studio with a group of self-penned songs and newly acquired production skills. Several singles were released but went nowhere, and a Roy Orbison cover, “Just a Kiss,” was released in European markets but not in the United States. The stock of songs for an album grew to 30, but

Holy • 71


B

orn February 23, 1972, in Dallas, Texas.

Performed at Mesquite Opry, Mesquite, TX; signed to Johnnie High’s Country Music Revue, Arlington, TX; signed to Curb label, 1999; released album Blue Moon, 2000; released album Brand New Girlfriend, 2006.

slowly but consistently. By the fall of 2006 the song had become Holy’s second number one hit, and his tour of that year made him a familiar presence at concert venues. At one point he whirled through a 30-day stretch with only three days off. A self-described loner who remained something of an enigma to fans, Holy had nevertheless completely outgrown his earlier fear of performing. He told Valdez that “I’m just cutting up the whole time. It’s going to be hard for someone in the audience to have a better time than me.” With vocal stylists having historically enjoyed the longest runs as country music stars, Holy appeared to be settling in as a major presence in the genre.

Addresses: Management—Monterey Peninsula Artists, 124 12th Ave. S, Ste. 410, Nashville, TN 37203. Website—Steve

Holy

Official

Website:

http://www.

steveholy.com.

it remained untitled and unreleased. In an interview with the German online magazine Country Home, Holy hinted at creative differences as the reason for the unusual six-year delay between his debut and sophomore releases. “About 80 percent of the songs that I recorded were picked by me, but about 90 percent of the singles were picked up by Curb Records, so regarding that point my control is minimal.” When the album finally appeared in 2006, production was credited to Lee Thomas Miller and Michael Lloyd. Finally the new album was given a title, Brand New Girlfriend, and the title track was released as a single in early 2006. The pattern of “Good Morning Beautiful” repeated itself when “Brand New Girlfriend,” a humorous song with a mock-sentimental introduction that gave way to a rollicking rock beat, climbed the charts


Selected discography Blue Moon, Curb, 2000. Brand New Girlfriend, Curb, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Arizona Daily Star (Tucson, AZ), April 26, 2002, p. F40. Grand Rapids Press, July 29, 2001, p. B11. Post-Bulletin (Rochester, MN), October 6, 2006.

Online “Interview with Steve Holy,” Country Home, http://www. countryhome.de/interviews/interview_eng_2006/steve. holy2006.htm (February 26, 2007). “Steve Holy,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 26, 2007). —James M. Manheim

T

he operatic pop group Il Divo is known for singing popular songs in a classically inspired, operatic manner; by 2006, two years after their formation, they had sold over 13 million albums. “Using an Opera Voice, Not Opera Music”

Il Divo Operatic pop singing group

Il Divo was formed in 2004 after promoter Simon Cowell, best known as a judge on the television talent show American Idol, heard operatic singers Andrea Bocelli and Sarah Brightman singing the duet “Con te partiro,” and noted their popularity with the audience. Cowell saw that audiences were eager to hear this style of popular operatic singing, and he decided to create a multinational quartet of male singers who combined a powerful operatic singing style with handsome good looks, a combination he felt was sure to succeed. Cowell held auditions of singers throughout the world from 2001 through 2003, and finally chose four men. Urs Bühler, a tenor, began singing as a teenager with a hard rock band called Conspiracy in his home town of Luzern, Switzerland. He studied voice at the Amsterdam Conservatory with Udo Reinemann, and later studied opera with Swedish tenor Gosta Winbergh and

Andrew Ross/Getty Images

Il Divo • 73


M

embers include: Urs Bühler, tenor; Sebastien Izambard, vox populi; Carlos Marin, bari-

tone; and David Miller, tenor.

The members’ different backgrounds initially caused some cross-cultural misunderstandings. Izambard told Eoin Cameron in ABC that at first they had some difficulties communicating, but after a year together they had ironed them out: “We just have to have, you know, eye contact, and we understand totally each other now, so the issues with culture and language, really it’s finished.”

Formed in 2004; released Il Divo, 2004; Ancora, 2005; The Christmas Collection, 2005; Siempre,

Wildly Popular

2006. Addresses: Record company—RCA Record company Group UK, Bedford House, 69-79 Fulham High St., London SW6 3JW, U.K.

French tenor Christian Papis. Carlos Marin, a Spanish baritone, was a star with the Madrid opera, and had sung in productions such as La Traviata and La Boheme for over a decade. France’s Sebastien Izambard was a pop singer before joining Il Divo. The only self-taught singer in the group, he also played the piano and guitar. American David Miller, also a tenor, earned a bachelor’s degree in vocal performance and a master’s degree in opera theatre from the Oberlin Conservatory in Ohio. Miller told Mary Awosika in the Herald Tribune that when he was called to the audition, he didn’t really know what he was in for. “Being from the opera world,” he said, “the rule is, you get an audition, take it.” He didn’t know Simon Cowell was involved, or what kind of music he would be singing: “I just knew it was using an opera voice, not using opera music.” Miller was initially concerned about the reception the group might receive from the classical and opera community. He thought their stage persona— four extremely good-looking men, dressed in identical Armani suits, along with their operatic versions of pop songs—might make them seem less serious. Cowell chose the name Il Divo for the group because it meant “divine male singer” in Italian: a male version of the female term “diva.” The group, which sings in English, Italian, Spanish, French, and Latin, began recording in early 2004 in Sweden, two days after the members met each other for the first time. Their selftitled debut album included Toni Braxton’s “Unbreak My Heart,” sung in Spanish as “Regresa a Mi,” Frank Sinatra’s “My Way,” Ennio Morricone’s “Gabriel’s Oboe,” and “Passera.” Il Divo introduced the album on The Oprah Winfrey Show in April of 2005, and the album reached number one in sales on both Amazon. com and BarnesandNoble.com. It also hit number one on the charts in the UK, Canada, Netherlands, Argentina, Australia, Mexico, Sweden, and Finland, and was in the Top 5 in 25 countries, including the United States.


In 2005 Il Divo released Ancora, which was recorded in Sweden and London. The album hit number one in the United Kingdom and Australia within a week of its release, and became even more successful worldwide than its predecessor. When it was released in the United States in January of 2006, it sold more than 150,000 albums in the first week and started out at the number one Billboard album slot. After releasing the album, the group embarked on a six-month world tour. In that same year Il Divo released The Christmas Collection, which hit number 14 in the United States and number one in Canada. In 2006 they released Siempre, and then opened for Barbra Streisand on her 20-concert North American tour in 2006. The Streisand tour was the secondbestselling tour of 2006, with $92.5 million in gross sales. Siempre featured ten tracks of cover and original tunes, most of which had a Latin flavor; nine of them were sung in either Spanish or Italian. In Rocknworld Sherrill Fulghum wrote, “Siempre is a masterful job from this international phenomenon.” Il Divo also performed the song “Time of Our Lives” with R&B singer Toni Braxton at the FIFA World Cup of soccer in 2006; they sang the song at halftime of the opening game as well as at the closing ceremony. Although Il Divo has been successful with the public at large, some fans of classical music have not been pleased with the group’s “crossover” format. In the Washington Post, opera lover Daniel Ginsberg described the quartet as “quick to hijack the accoutrements of opera but possessing none of the tonal splendor and precision essential to the art.” He added that they “took the substance of a rich, beautiful genre and turned it inside out, leaving you with a bitter aftertaste.” However, he also acknowledged that at a concert he attended “the swooning audience lapped up every minute of all this. Young and old alike swarmed the stage for autographs and handshakes.” And in BBC, Rebecca Hobbs wrote that the group’s crossover format “is a formula that has obviously filled a gap in the market.” Miller told Awosika that the group worked very hard on their performances: “People think it looks easy, but we go through hell over every single song.” He added that he was grateful for the opportunity to be a member of

the group: “I have the opportunity to learn so much right now. I’m not going to waste that.”

Selected discography Il Divo, BMG, 2004. Ancora, BMG, 2005. The Christmas Collection, BMG, 2005. Siempre, BMG, 2006.

Sources Books Rossi, Allegra, Romancing the World (unauthorized biography of Il Divo), Orion, 2005.

Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, July 22, 2005, p. 78; December 1, 2006, p. 82.

Online “Il Divo,” Herald Tribune, June 16, 2006, http://www. heraldtribune.com/apps/pcbs.dll/article?AID=/20060616/ FEATURES/606160368?-1/FEATURES21 (February 9, 2007). Il Divo Official Website: http://www.ildivo.com (January 30, 2007). “Il Divo: Siempre Review,” Rocknworld, http://www. rocknworld.com/features/06/IlDivo.shtml (February 9, 2007). “Il Divo: Simon Says Opera, But the Ear Says Awful,” Washington Post, February 5, 2006, http://www.washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/04/ AR2006020401231.html (February 9, 2007). “Il Divo Singer Talks,” ABC, March 31, 2005, http://www.abc. net.au/perth/stories/s1335204.htm (February 9, 2007). “Review: Il Divo at Kedleston Hall,” BBC, July 27, 2006, http://www.bbc.co.uk/derby/content/articles/2006/07/27/il_ divo_kedleston_review_hobbs_feature.shtml (February 9, 2007). —Kelly Winters

Il Divo • 75

F

Jet Rock group

ollowing in the footsteps of fellow Australian rock band AC/DC, the swaggering Melbourne quartet Jet have borrowed from the best of classic rock ’n’ roll in order to honor to their favorite bands of the past. With hooks and riffs that immediately recall the Rolling Stones, the Beatles, and the Who, with Jet’s 2003 album Get Born, the band found itself part of a retro rock trend that included bands like The White Stripes and The Strokes. NME’s Paul McNamee called Jet “a wonderful, denim-clad throwback.” After the band’s single “Are You Gonna Be My Girl” was included in a popular iPod commercial, Jet got the jump they needed, and after wide radio play, Get Born sold over 3.5 million copies. Brothers Chris and Nic Cester grew up listening to their father’s old classic rock records in Dingley, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. For five years, Nic drove a forklift truck for a spice factory. In 1996 they formed a band in Melbourne, with Chris on drums, Nic singing lead and playing guitar, childhood friend Cameron Muncey on guitar, and later Mark Wilson on bass. Naming themselves Jet after the Paul McCartney song of the same name from Wings, the quartet fed off the music they had heard growing up. The band got more serious in 2002, when they pressed and quickly sold out of 1,000

AP Images



M

embers include Chris Cester, drums, vocals;

Nic

Cester,

vocals,

guitar;

Cameron

Muncey, guitar, vocals; Mark Wilson, bass. Group formed in Melbourne, Australia, c. 2000; self released EP Dirty Sweet, 2002; signed to Elektra, 2003, re-released Dirty Sweet, 2003; released Get Born, Elektra, 2003; released Shine On, Atlantic, 2006. Awards: Australian Record Industry Association Award, Album of the Year, Single of the Year, Best Group, Best Breakthrough Artist-Album, Best Breakthrough ArtistSingle, Best Rock Album, 2004. Addresses: Record company—Atlantic Records, 1290 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10104; 3400 W. Olive Ave. 3rd Flr., Burbank, CA 91505, website: http://www.atlanticrecords.com/jet/. Website—Jet Official Website: http://www.jettheband.com.

copies of an EP titled Dirty Sweet. After selling the original pressings, Jet made 1,000 more when the major labels began taking notice. With older rock songs back on the radio (thanks groups like the Strokes, the White Stripes and Australia’s the Vines), Elektra saw potential in the raw and ragged rock songs of Jet. The U.S. label signed Jet and reissued Dirty Sweet in 2003. The band had no qualms about admitting that they were just four regular guys in a rock band, and perhaps they were just in the right place at the right time. “I’d like to think that people are gravitating toward this kind of music because they want something that is actually heartfelt,” Nic told Rolling Stone’s Jenny Eliscu. Jet followed up Dirty Sweet with their full-length debut Get Born. The album was recorded at Sunset Sound Studios in Los Angeles with veteran producer Dave Sardy, known for his work with Marilyn Manson and the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Get Born eventually sold over 3.5 million copies, but it took some time to get there. “They are catchy with sing-along choruses, with lots of ‘hey’s and handclaps and glam stomp beats,” wrote All Music Guide’s Tim Sendra. “Get Born is a very promising debut by a band that steals from all the right places.” Jet got more promotion than they ever could have imagined when they licensed their hip-shaking song “Are You Gonna Be My Girl” for a hugely successful iPod campaign. The commercials were aired so

many times that the riffs just stuck in listeners’ heads. The single got picked up at many radio stations following the success of the commercial, and the band followed it up with the rowdy songs “Cold Hard Bitch” and “Rollover D.J.,” and the very British ballad “Look What You’ve Done.” “The band has a knack for both sweaty knee-shakin’ raw rave-ups and remarkably sweet roots-tinged ballads,” wrote Now’s Sarah Liss. As Australia’s clear choice for best new band in 2004, Jet won six honors at the Australian Record Industry Association (ARIA) Awards. With messy, shaggy hair, torn jeans and a no-nonsense rock ’n’ roll attitude, Jet got a reputation as one of the hardest partying bands around. “We were so excited to be touring and wanted to live every second of it,” Mark told Eliscu. “Everyone was always saying, ‘Those jet guys are a big drinking band!’ and we got kind of caught up in our own myth. But we wouldn’t be around for very long if we kept that up.” Since the release of their first EP, Jet toured worldwide, playing shows with Oasis, the Rolling Stones, and Sloan, three bands they have aimed to emulate. Jet’s partying and endless touring came to an abrupt halt in the spring of 2005, when the Cesters’ father passed away. The band returned home after two years of touring to deal with their loss. The group didn’t have much time to rest, as Elektra was waiting for the follow-up to Get Born. The band eventually ended up back in Los Angeles with Sardy, to record their second record. They had written a varied collection of songs over the past few years and were venturing into new sonic territory. “For us, [recording] is one of those things where you just go in and do it and it has a life of its own,” Chris told MTV.com’s Corey Moss. The band had more money and more time for their sophomore record, and chose to use more expensive amps and equipment but still keep their character sound. “It was a way to vent a lot of issues, feelings and anger,” Nic confessed to Rolling Stone’s Charley Rogulewski. “We ran a whole gamut of emotions over the last few years. You don’t bury dad and go out and write the ѧ party classic.” In October of 2006 Jet released Shine On. The title track, inspired by the Cesters’ father, was one of many tracks that displayed a lyrical depth not felt on Get Born. With both epic rock songs and orchestra-laced lush tracks, Shine On was a record that showed where Jet had been as well as where they were headed. “It’s definitely not Get Born, it’s a completely different record,” Chris admitted to Moss. “It’s in a lot of ways more mature.”

Selected discography Dirty Sweet, self released, 2002; reissued, Elektra, 2003. Get Born, Elektra, 2003. Shine On, Atlantic, 2006.

Jet • 77

Sources Periodicals Now (Toronto, Canada), August 7-13, 2003. Rolling Stone, April 7, 2004.

Online Atlantic Records Jet Website, http://www.atlanticrecords/ com/jet/about (February 15, 2007). “Jet: Get Born,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 15, 2007).


“Jet May Drop Fifth Single from Get Born Before Fleeing To An Island,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/articles/ 1494083/20041123/jet_rock_.jhtml (February 15, 2007). “Jet: Shine On,” NME, http://www.nme.com/reviews/jet/8037 (February 15, 2007). “Jet Survive Tragedy, Writer’s Block to Rock Again,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10612110/ jet_survive_tragedy_writers_block_to_rock_again/ (February 15, 2007). “Jet’s Second Album Slowly Taking Flight,” MTV.com, http:// www.mtv.com/news/articles/1510788/20051003/jet_rock_. jhtml (February 15, 2007). —Shannon McCarthy

after landing in Austin, Texas, he began making cassette recordings of his own songs, which he handed out to anyone who would take them. Because Austin was a thriving center for amateur musicians from all walks of life, a bit of good luck put some of his tunes into the right hands. MTV ran a feature on Johnston and word of his eccentric music spread.

Daniel Johnston Songwriter, singer, guitarist

F

or more than 20 years Daniel Johnston has been defying the odds by bringing his homegrown but emotionally earnest music to a legion of fans. Diagnosed with bipolar disorder, Johnston has never been able to maintain what most would consider a mature, normal lifestyle. He has been prone to bouts of dangerous and self-destructive behavior, and at age 46 was still living with his parents in a Houston suburb. Yet he has been hailed as a genius by performers such as David Bowie, the late Kurt Cobain, Tom Waits, Beck, and Mike Watt, and was the subject of the popular 2005 film The Devil and Daniel Johnston, which chronicled his life and art. His recordings have demonstrated a palpable artistic progression, and illustrate what all the fuss is about. Johnston was born on January 22, 1961, in Sacramento, California, the youngest of five siblings. He was raised in Cumberland, Virginia, by devout fundamentalist parents who discouraged his artistic leanings as unrealistic and self indulgent. At an early age he showed a penchant for the visual arts, keeping books of his cartoon sketches and making Super-8 movies in which he played multiple characters. He briefly attended Kent State University in Ohio, where he met a young woman who inspired him to write songs. “What really happened,” he told a writer for the Texas Monthly, “is I met a girl who was engaged to an undertaker. But she was very beautiful, and I made up some songs just to please her. And she liked them. And I just flipped out. I was at the piano banging away every day, writing songs. And I turned into a maniac and I never gave up, and that’s what really happened to me.” In his twenties,

His poorly recorded repertoire of love songs, homages to comic book superheroes, and reflections on the challenges of his everyday life were duplicated and stocked with great enthusiasm by record stores from coast to coast. Before he knew it, an independent record label issued a vinyl recording of some of his early songs, and his music began receiving public attention. Unfortunately Johnston’s personality was not ideally suited for the rigors of sudden fame. Changes in lifestyle and recreational LSD use took their toll. He was hospitalized twice for severe breakdowns, yet had the presence of mind to ask his manager to obtain a deal with Mountain Dew, in which he would perform a song claiming he was institutionalized for being “crazy about Mountain Dew.” Demand for his music persisted, and in 1994 Atlantic Records signed him and released the sparsely produced album Fun, which included 18 of his best tunes. In numbers like “Foxy Girl” and “Catie,” Johnston cooed in a high-pitched warble like Tiny Tim. “Silly Love” was strangely reminiscent of Neil Young’s “Needle and The Damage Done.” His voice exhibited an immature quality that could be taken as emotional sincerity. On the 2000 release Hyperjinx Tricycle, Johnston was backed by Brady Brock on guitar and vocals, Brett Ladin on guitar and bass, Jack Medicine on guitar, Mike Menner on drums, and someone named “Kramer” on various instruments. More slickly produced, with double-tracked vocals and complimentary instrumental and vocal arrangements, the often-lighthearted tone of this set acquitted Johnston nicely. His cover of the Terry Jacks’ schlock/pop classic “Seasons in the Sun” was decidedly more trippy than the original version and didn’t suffer for having been shelved for 30 years. Rejected Unknown, released in 2001, was more stark than its predecessor and hit more emotional chords, and his tonal deviations were evocative of Lou Reed. More than Fun and Hyperjinx Tricycle, the collection showed signs of musical maturity. Johnston contributed piano, guitar, and percussion to many tracks and asserted better vocal control. The album marked Johnston’s long contractual battle with the Atlantic Record label, which had prevented him from releasing much new material during the 1990s. The tone of the songs prompted All Music Guide critic Jason Nickey to comment, “While the music on Rejected Unknown can at first sound overly self-deprecating and even angry at times, Johnston is actually painting a much larger pic-

Johnston • 79


B

orn Daniel Johnston on January 22, 1961, in

wrote and performed a rock opera, Speeding Motorcycle, based on his music. Johnston continued to suffer health problems that limited his participation in the project.

Sacramento, CA. Education: attended Kent State

University, early 1980s Featured in MTV series The Cutting Edge, 1985; moved to New York City, 1988; released Atlantic Records debut, Fun, 1994; featured in documentary The Devil and Daniel Johnston, 2005. Addresses: Website—Official Daniel Johnston Website: http://www.hihowareyou.com.

Personal—Daniel

Johnston, P.O. Box 583, Waller, TX 77484, e-mail: [email protected].

ture—a picture of endless longing for acceptance, hopeless romanticism, and unrequited love.” His 2003 album Fear Yourself was produced by Mark Linkous of the band Sparklehorse. The session’s more elaborate and melodic orchestrations were sympathetic to Johnston’s vocal style, and comparable in ability to many indie artists who have made bigger commercial splashes. Another 2003 release, The End is Near Again, by Danny and the Nightmares, was a collaboration with husband and wife team Jason and Bridget Nightmare. The guitar work on this set gave it a raw, distorted feel, placing it somewhere in the late 1960s. The following year a bevy of Johnston’s adherents assembled Discovered, Covered: The Late Great. Artists Beck, Tom Waits, Sparklehorse, Clem Snide, and others paid tribute to Johnston in a two-CD set, the second of which featured Johnston’s renditions of the tunes covered by his admirers. His 2006 release, Welcome to My World, was a well conceived collection of his early cassette recordings. The accompaniment was strictly his own and suited his vocal performances. He followed it with Lost and Found, released only in England, which included a tribute to the Beatles. A Houston theater group


Selected discography Songs of Pain, Stress, 1980. Don’t Be Scared, Stress, 1982. The What of Whom, Stress, 1982. Hi, How Are You, Homestead, 1983. Yip/Jump Music: Summer 1983, Homestead, 1983. Retired Boxer, Stress, 1984. Continued Story, Homestead, 1985. Respect, Stress, 1985. 1990, Shimmy Disc, 1990. Live at SXSW, Stress, 1990. Artistic Vice, Positive, 1993. Fun, Atlantic, 1994. Rejected, Tim/Kerr, 1999. Why Me? Live Volkesbuhne Am Rosa Luxemburg Platz 6/6/ 99, Trikont, 2000. Rejected Unknown, Gammon, 2001. Fear Yourself, Gammon, 2003. Discovered, Covered: Late Great, P-Vine, 2004. The Electric Ghosts, Important, 2006. Welcome to My World, Eternal Yip Eye Music, 2006. Lost and Found, Sketchbook, 2006. Daniel Johnston & Jad Fair, 50 Skidillion Watts, 2006. Rockin’ Around the Christmas Tree, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Texas Monthly, February 2005.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (January 18, 2007). Daniel Johnston Official Website, http://www.hihowareyou. com, (February 11, 2007). Sketchbook Records Official Website, http://www. rejectedunknown.com, (February 11, 2007). —Bruce Walker

A

t 13 years old, pop singer JoJo became the youngest solo artist ever to have a number one Billboard single. “Leave (Get Out),” taken from the teen singer’s first album, JoJo, struck a chord with like-minded teenagers who enjoyed hip-hop and R&B music as much as they did mainstream pop. A pop singer with an R&B soul, JoJo released The High Road in 2006, a successful and mature follow-up to her platinum debut. In addition to singing and songwriting, JoJo has acted in two major motion pictures, with more on the way. “She’s got Ashanti’s penchant for hip-hop soul, a dash of Pink’s attitude, and Christina Aguilera’s knack for oversinging,” wrote Chuck Arnold in People.

JoJo

Born Joanna Levesque on December 20, 1990, in Boston, Massachusetts, JoJo was raised in Foxborough, Massachusetts by her mother, Diana, after her parents divorced. A member of her church choir, Diana noticed JoJo’s natural singing talent early on. By the time most children are just beginning to master the English language, JoJo was singing her heart out and appearing in local theater productions. Her mature vocal range was so impressive that in 1998 she appeared on Bill Cosby’s Kids Say the Darndest Things, where she wowed the audience with a wise-beyondher-years rendition of Aretha Franklin’s “Respect.” To keep her daughter’s momentum going, Diana packed up and the pair moved to California to test the waters.

Singer, songwriter

Richard Patterson/Getty Images

JoJo was a natural to appear as a contestant on the television show America’s Most Talented Kid. Although she did not win, JoJo was introduced to music producer Vincent Herbert, who would soon change her life. The relationship with Herbert landed the then-12-year-old singer a record deal with Blackground Records/ Universal. In addition allowing JoJo to have a hand in co-writing some of her debut album’s songs, Herbert enlisted a handful of top-notch producers and songwriters for the young girl’s first foray into the music business. JoJo hit the streets in the summer of 2004, prefaced by the sassy first single “Leave (Get Out).” The candid song won an instant top spot on MTV’s TRL show, causing Arnold to call “Leave (Get Out)” the “breakup anthem of the summer.” When “Leave (Get Out)” hit the top of the charts, JoJo became the youngest artist ever to have a number one Billboard hit. With a voice that reached the sweetest of R&B notes, JoJo also had a love of pop music. At times her style and song subjects appeared to be too mature for a 13-year old, but as JoJo told Time for Kids, she is careful that her album sends the right messages to her young fans. “You can be young and still have views and opinions ѧ I think we should all come together, and that race and color or social demographics don’t really matter. That’s what I’m trying to say.” “Leave (Get Out)” was followed by the single “Baby It’s You,” a playful track that featured teenager rapper Bow Wow. JoJo went on to sell over 1.3 million copies. For much of the year following her album’s release, JoJo appeared on television and toured the world to JoJo • 81

months of work, in October of 2006 JoJo introduced her second full-length album, The High Road.


B

orn Joanna Levesque on December 20, 1990, in Boston,

Massachusetts;

daughter

of

Diana

Levesque. Appeared on Kids Say the Darndest Things, 1998; signed record deal with Blackground Records/Universal, 2003; released solo album debut JoJo, 2004; starred in films RV and Aquamarine, 2006; released sophomore album, The High Road, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Universal/Blackground Records, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404. Website—JoJo Official Website: http://www. jojoonline.com.

With its number three Billboard debut, The High Road was set for success. Entertainment Weekly’s Michael Endleman noted JoJo’s ability on The High Road, when he wrote that she is “a vocal phenom, capable of Mariah Carey-style upper-register flourishes.” The High Road ’s initial single, “Too Little Too Late,” was quickly followed up with “How to Touch a Girl,” a track JoJo co-wrote with Billy Steinberg. “How to Touch a Girl” was penned about a real-life crush JoJo had on a boy who had no idea how to win over her heart. Though the song’s title touches on the provocative, it was meant to be metaphoric. “I would never be graphic,” JoJo expressed to CosmoGirl! about the song. “It’s subtle, playful, and sexy. But it’s not 21-year-old sexy– it’s sexy how you would naturally be at 15.” On December 20, 2006, JoJo turned 16 years old. “I want to maintain a (good) image,” she admitted to CosmoGirl!, “but I’m not going to say pure because no one is perfect. I just want to be normal.”

promote the record. She also dipped her toes in the movie world with two film roles in 2006. Filmed almost back-to-back, JoJo appeared as Robin Williams’s daughter in the family comedy RV and had a supporting role in the tween mermaid flick Aquamarine. In her rare down time, at 15, JoJo found time to begin a romantic relationship with 16-year-old soccer star Freddy Adu, an African-American teenager from Ghana who lived in Maryland.


That summer JoJo returned to the west coast to start work on her sophomore album. “I want the world to see I’m here for the long run, and not some flash in the pan,” JoJo stated on her website. Hip-hop producers Scott Storch and Swizz Beats, and Grammy-winning composer Diana Warren joined JoJo to create a collection of songs that spanned different styles and flavors. “I don’t think teenagers listen to one genre of music,” she said on her website, “so I wanted to do something people could groove to, chill to, connect to, and listen to again and again.” The album that began to take shape included straight up ballads, party jams and hyper pop tracks. Known for his work with Christina Aguilera and Mariah Carey, Storch produced the sizzling “This Time,” while Warren offered the emotional ballads “Exceptional” and “Note to God.” After nine

CosmoGirl!, April, 2006. Entertainment Weekly, October 27, 2006, p. 72. People, July 19, 2004, p. 41. Sun, January 19, 2007. Time for Kids, July 2, 2004.


JoJo, Universal/Blackground Records, 2004. The High Road, Universal/Blackground Records, 2006.

Sources Periodicals

Online “JoJo,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 10, 2007). JoJo Official Website, http://www.jojoonline.com, http://www. umusic.ca/jojo/ (February 10, 2007). “JoJo Works Her Mojo, Nabs Jermaine Dupri, Timbaland for New LP,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/ 1536492/20060717/jojo_pop_.jhtml (February 10, 2007). —Shannon McCarthy

N

ew Orleans-based rapper Juvenile stormed onto the national music scene with his wildly popular 1999 singles “Ha” and “Back That Azz Up,” both from his 1998 album 400 Degreez. The singer is one of the Cash Money Millionaires, a group of rap artists on the Cash Money label noted for their flamboyance and playboy lifestyle. Juvenile and Cash Money introduced Southern rap, or bounce music, into a scene largely dominated by East- and West-coast rivalry. Juvenile’s sixth solo album, Project English, was released in November of 2001. Juvenile’s particular brand of Southern bounce music, with its funky beats and signature flow, challenged the domination of the coasts in the rap scene of the late 1990s. His personal success and flamboyance helped establish Cash Money Records as a major force in the rap world and the Cash Money Millionaire as an urban icon.

Juvenile

Born Terius Gray in 1977 in New Orleans, Louisiana, Juvenile was raised in the Magnolia housing projects in the Uptown area of that city. He grew up listening to his parents’ music, and told an interviewer from InsideHoops that this was a major pastime in his close-knit family: “If my daddy played it, I was down with itѧ. My family, that’s all we hadѧ. We didn’t have all the entertainment things that they have out there right now. Music was the way. I listened to everything. Especially if they had rap songs coming out. I was starving for it.”

Rap musician

Scott Gries/Getty Images

When he was ten years old, Juvenile began making up his own songs, which incorporated Southern slang and referred often to life in Magnolia. The rapper has tattoos on his forearms, marking him forever as a “Nolia boy.” In the early 1990s he formed the local group 3Grand. When he was 16, this band released 3 Bad Brothers. His real success, however, would be based on his solo talents. Local record label Warlock released his first solo album, Being Myself, in 1995. The album sold locally and was part of the growing bounce music trend: heavy, with steady, driving beats and Juvenile’s persistent patter. Perhaps most important, the album caught the attention of local underground label Cash Money Recordings. Ronald “Suga Slim” and Brian “Baby” Williams ran Cash Money, and dedicated the label to producing Southern rap with a flamboyant streak. The label paired Juvenile with producer Mannie Fresh, known for his wild funk productions. Reviewer Jason Birchmeier of All Music Guide called his style “dense electro-funk,” and later credited him with bringing bounce onto the national scene. Juvenile’s first release on Cash Money, Solja Rags (1996), included appearances by other Cash Money acts such as Big Moe, Magnolia Shorty, Big Tymer$, and the Hot Boy$ (B.G., Lil Wayne, Young Turk, and Juvenile). The album sold 200,000 copies across the southern United States, but Juvenile had not yet arrived on the national scene. Solja Rags was followed by Juvenile and the Hot Boy$’s first full-length release, Get It How U Live!!.

Juvenile • 83


B

orn Terius Gray in 1977 in New Orleans, LA; married Shadonna Jones (a nurse), September 4,

2004; four children. First solo album, Being Myself, released by Warlock Records, 1995; signed with Cash Money label, released Solja Rags, 1996; joined with B.G., Lil Wayne, and Young Turk as the Hot Boy$ to release Get It How U Live!!, 1997; released multiplatinum album 400 Degreez by Cash Money and Universal, 1998; released Project English, 2001; The Compilation, 2002; Juve the Great, 2003; Beelow Presents: Louisiana’s Sickest, 2005; Reality Check, 2006. Awards: Billboard magazine, Rap Album of the Year, for 400 Degreez, 1999. Addresses: Record company—Cash Money Records, P.O. Box 547, St. Rose, LA 70087, phone: (504) 465-5115, website: http://www.cashmoney-records. com. Website—Juvenile Official Website: http://www. juvenileonline.com;

http://www.juvenilerealitycheck.

com.

The success of Solja Rags in the South brought Juvenile and the label to the attention of music giant Universal. Cash Money signed a $30 million distribution deal with the label, and with Universal’s backing Juvenile’s next record, 400 Degreez, blasted onto the national charts in 1998. The album produced two wildly popular singles, “Ha” and “Back That Azz Up” (also released in a clean version as as “Back That Thang Up”). With bouncy, driving beats, the songs hit the Top 10 charts and received frequent radio play; Juvenile’s highly suggestive video for the single was put into heavy rotation on MTV. Many of Juvenile’s songs referred to his newfound wealth after a youth spent in the projects, and especially the sexual attention that accompanies such wealth and success. Although some critics called “Back That Azz Up” misogynistic, Juvenile himself didn’t seem bothered by the charges. He also developed his image as a Cash Money Millionaire, wearing lavish gold jewelry, gambling and partying regularly and, when making his entrance in concert, bursting out of a giant Rolex.


400 Degreez captured the uniquely Southern bounce sound for which Juvenile is known, as well as his deep identification with New Orleans. Discussing the title of the album in a Soul Train magazine interview, he said, “It represents my hometown. It’s hot. It be burning up there. ѧ I’m hot as a firecracker.” Certainly the album heated up Juvenile’s career: the album reached number nine on the Billboard Top 100 chart and went platinum a staggering four times. With the record’s popularity, Cash Money outsold the other top rap labels, Def Jam and Bad Boy, and became one of the biggest success stories of 1999. Billboard named the record Album of the Year for 1999 in the rap/hip-hop category, and Juvenile was praised, as a Listen.com reviewer noted, for his “peerless technical ability and mastery of various styles.” Juvenile and Cash Money rushed to capitalize on the success of 400 Degreez. In 1999 the Hot Boy$ released their sophomore album, Guerrilla Warfare, which quickly made it into the Top 10, and Juvenile released his follow-up album Tha G Code, which sold more than two million copies and made it to number ten on the Billboard charts. In the same year Warlock released a remix of Being Myself and Cash Money reissued Solja Rags. In 2000 Playaz of da Game followed Tha G Code; the album was mostly remixed and rerecorded material that had not previously made it onto an album. Although these releases sold fairly well, they did not produce the hits that 400 Degreez had, and they were generally dismissed by critics. In 2001 Juvenile returned to the charts with his album Project English. The record was certified gold in November, and it debuted at number two on Billboard ’s Top 100 Rap Albums chart. Juvenile returned to his New Orleans roots in the album, noting in comments included on the Cash Money Records website, “Every ghetto has it’s [sic] own slangѧ. What I’m doing with this album is putting out slang out there so people can understand what we are trying to say.” The album produced more success for the rapper when two singles from the album, “Set It Off” and “From Ya Mama,” reached the Top 10 at the end of 2001. Juvenile also branched out in 2001 to establish his own record label, with his brother Corey Gray as CEO of the fledgling company. Called Uptown Project Records, the label’s albums were distributed by Orpheus/EMI. Their first release was by rapper Skip; other musicians on the roster included Young Buck and Wack-O. Juvenile himself, though, remained signed to Cash Money. On Juve the Great, released in 2004, Juvenile had a huge hit with the song “Slow Motion.” After just two weeks the song hit the number one spot on Billboard ’s Hot 100 chart, the first time one of his songs had reached that position. Juvenile followed this with another hit, “Nolia Clapp,” and the strength of both songs made him look more attractive to bigger labels. He

signed with Atlantic Records and in 2006 released Reality Check, which featured guest appearances by Fat Joe, Ludacris, Mike Jones, Paul Wall, Brian McKnight, Trey Songz, Bun B, and 8-Ball. The album debuted in the number one spot on the Billboard 200 chart.

The Compilation, Uptown Project Records, 2002. Juve the Great, Cash Money Records, 2003. Beelow Presents: Louisiana’s Sickest, Beelow and Boosie, 2005. Reality Check, UTP/Atlantic Records, 2006.

Juvenile’s success was tempered by the fact that his home in Slidell, Louisiana, was destroyed by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. He has spent much of his time since then working with other hip hop artists to raise money to help other victims of the hurricane. He told an interviewer on NobodySmiling, “I lost my house, almost everybody with me lost their homes; my family, all my people are in Atlanta, they got split up all over the country, some of my family got sent to Canada, it’s real, it’s hurting.”

Sources

Overall, Juvenile is unusual among rappers because he does not try to cultivate a hardened, tough image. He told Cynthia Fuchs in Popmatters, that rappers who try hard to look mean are “knuckleheads. Some rappers wanna be hard. I know I’m a man, I know I’m hard. I ain’t got nothing to prove. I don’t have to be out there with all that bull****.” When asked by a Soul Train interviewer about where he is headed, Juvenile said simply, “I wanna be a legend. I’m not in it for a minute, I’m in it for life, you know.”

Selected discography (With 3Grand) 3 Bad Brothers, 1993. Being Myself, Warlock, 1995. Solja Rags, Cash Money, 1997; reissued, Uptown/Universal, 1999. (With the Hot Boy$) Get It How U Live!!, Cash Money, 1997. 400 Degreez, Uptown/Universal, 1998. (With the Hot Boy$) Guerrilla Warfare, Cash Money, 1999. Tha G Code, Cash Money, 1999. Playaz of Da Game, D-3, 2000. Project English, Uptown/Universal, 2001.

Periodicals Billboard, April 17, 1999; April 7, 2001; November 10, 2001, p. 30. Entertainment Weekly, January 19, 2004, p. 81. Hartford Courant, March 2, 2000, p. 18. Houston Chronicle, August 22, 1999, p. 16. Jet, July 16, 2001, p. 35. Los Angeles Times, July 19, 2000, p. 4F. Newsweek, October 4, 1999, p. 71; February 28, 2000, p. 67. PR Newswire, November 1, 2001. Texas Lawyer, January 24, 2005, p. NA.

Online “Interview with Juvenile,” Popmatters, http://www. popmatters.com/music/interviews/juvenile/html (February 9, 2007). “Interview with Juvenile,” Soul Train, http://www.soultrain. com (December 20, 2001). “Juvenile,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (December 20, 2001). “Juvenile Interview,” InsideHoops, June 21, 2005, http://www. insidehoops.com/entertainment/juvenile-interview062105.shtml (February 9, 2007). “Juvenile,” Listen.com, http://www.listen.com (December 20, 2001). Juvenile Official Website, http://www.juvenilerealitycheck. com/ (February 9, 2007). “Juvenile: Tha Nolia.Boy,” Cash Money Records, http://www. juvenileonline.com/frameset_home.htm (December 20, 2001). “Juvenile: The Reality Check,” NobodySmiling, http://www. nobodysmiling.com/hiphop/interview/85561.php (February 9, 2007). —Christine Kelley and Kelly Winters

Juvenile • 85

Kardinal Offishall Rapper, producer

“To foreign ears,” noted Matthew McKinnon of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), Kardinal Offishall “is the closest thing Canada has to rap royalty. He is the unofficial lord and master of Toronto’s hip-hop scene, and a legitimate underground sensation from Atlanta to Zurich.” Bad luck with record labels, as well as a reluctance on the part of hip-hop hitmakers in the United States to look north of the border for talent, have kept Kardinal from the top levels of urban music stardom, but consistent in his career from other artists, U.S. as well as Canadian, has demonstrated the high quality of his music. Kardinal prepared to take another shot at mainstream hip-hop music buyers with the release of his third major label album, Not for Sale, scheduled for release in 2007. Kardinal Offishall was born Jason Harrow in the eastern Toronto suburb of Scarborough (now part of Toronto proper), Ontario, Canada, in 1976. His parents were among the large number of Jamaicans who had immigrated to the area, and Kardinal has maintained strong ties to the vibrant Caribbean culture of the Toronto area. In an interview with Del F. Cowie of Exclaim, Kardinal pointed to his mix of Jamaican and Canadian backgrounds as contributing to the unique flavor of his music. “[Canada] has really allowed me to blossom and to do my thing, and they’ve embraced it and for that I’m always respectful.” With an interest in performing from the start, Kardinal was first known as KoolAid, when he did rap shows at talent shows run by Toronto’s Fresh Arts youth program. The stage name Kardinal refers to the 86 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

seventeeth-century French statesman Cardinal Richelieu (Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu). In 1990 the young performer had a brush with fame when he appeared at a concert celebrating the visit to Toronto of South African leader Nelson Mandela, with Mandela himself in the audience. Two years later Kardinal, rapper Saukrates, and eight other aspiring musicians formed a collective called Figurez Ov Speech, later renamed the Circle. Kardinal enrolled at Toronto’s York University, planning to study mass communications. But his heart wasn’t in his studies, and one afternoon his attention drifted away from his professor as the Bob Marley reggae classic “Natty Dread” began to merge in his mind with words of his own. The result was the Kardinal Offishall debut 12-inch single, “Naughty Dread,” released in 1996. The recording had a major presence on Canadian college radio and was included on a compilation CD featuring Canadian hip-hop hits of the year. Not the first recording to fuse hip-hop with Jamaican dancehall music, “Naughty Dread” was still fresh enough to gain Kardinal an opening slot for the hot U.S. hip-hop group Outkast and a publishing deal with Warner/Chappell Music. The next step was the album release Eye & I, which appeared on the small Capitol Hill label (which also released music by Saukrates) in 1997. Initial response to the varied collection was strong, and the first pressing sold out in three days, but distribution was a problem in Canada’s small urban music industry (in the days before easy computer CD duplication). As Kardinal toured large Canadian cities, making an impression with his six-foot, four-inch frame, he found that fans had no way to buy the album. Kardinal began focussing on his production skills, opening his own studio under the name of SHAG, or Silver House and the Girl. Further single releases raised the excitement level over Kardinal’s music, with “Husslin’” (2000) gaining attention and radio airplay on both sides of the U.S.Canadian border. Although Kardinal remained close to his Caribbean-Canadian roots, he decided to seek the wider distribution possible on a U.S. label. He was signed to MCA and released Quest for Fire: Firestarter Vol. 1 in May of 2001, which featured new music as well as recordings that he had worked on during the previous decade. The album spawned a moderate hit in “Bakardi Slang,” which let listeners enjoy the flavor of Toronto’s unique Jamaican-flavored English dialect. The song cracked the U.S. rap Top 40. U.S. hip-hop listeners and music makers warmed to Kardinal’s music, and fans recognized him on the street in the brutally competitive New York market. “I’d be in L.A. or someplace and I’d see myself getting played on MTV and BET [Black Entertainment Television] and all the rest of it,” Kardinal recalled to McKinnon. An energized Kardinal began work on a followup release, The F-Word Theory; the title referred not to an obscenity but to faith and family.


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orn 1976 in Scarborough (now part of Toronto), Ontario, Canada; of Jamaican descent. Education:

York University, Toronto, studied mass communications. Began performing at age 12; won rap competitions; performed with Nelson Mandela in audience, 1990; formed collective Figurez Ov Speech (F.O.S.), 1992; released “Naughty Dread” 12-inch single, 1996; released album Eye & I, 1997; established production studio SHAG (Silver House and the Girl); released 12inch single “Husslin’,” 2000; signed to MCA label, released Quest for Fire: Firestarter Vol. 1, 2001; released mixtape Kill Bloodclott Bill, 2004; signed to Virgin label, released Fire and Glory, 2005; recorded album

music seeped out on mixtapes; Kill Bloodcott Bill (2004) was a combination tribute to filmmaker Quentin Tarantino’s hit film and a potshot at the U.S. music industry. Kardinal was signed to the Virgin label in 2005 and released Fire and Glory. Distributed primarily in Canada, the album achieved strong success in that country and spawned the MuchMusic video awardwinning single “Everyday (Rudebwoy).” With a large backlog of strong new material ready to go, Kardinal was signed to the Konvict Muzik Group label of Senegalese-American rapper Akon (Aliaune Damala Bouga Time Puru Nacka Lu Lu Lu Badara Akon Thiam) and looked toward the release of the album Not for Sale in 2007. If he was still, in the words of All Music Guide’s Jon Azpiri, “arguably the best-kept secret in Canadian hip-hop, a genre that is in itself the best-kept secret in hip-hop,” it seemed as though the secret might soon be out.

The F-Word Theory (not released). Awards: Three MuchMusic Video Awards for “Everyday (Rudebwoy),” 2006; two Juno Awards for Rap Recording of the Year. Addresses: Record company—Konvict Muzik Group,

Selected discography Eye & I, Capitol Hill, 1997. Quest for Fire: Firestarter Vol. 1, MCA, 2001. Kill Bloodcott Bill (mixtape), 2004. Fire and Glory, Virgin, 2005. Not for Sale, Konvict, 2007 (projected).

P.O Box 831, Waynesboro, VA 22980. Website—Kardinal

Offishal

Official

Website:

http://www.

kardinaloffishall.com.

Sources Periodicals

Much of Kardinal’s music has avoided the gangster stereotypes of contemporary hip-hop, and he later complained to Dirty South Joe of Fader Magazine that “Hip-hop is like a parody to me right now. Things we used to make fun of, something you might have seen on an In Living Color skit, that’s the number one selling s–t in the world today.” The machinations of U.S. labels and their indifference to Canadian talent were other sources of frustration for Kardinal. As MCA was absorbed into the Geffen label in 2004, he was lost in the personnel shuffle, and The F-Word Theory was never released. Kardinal’s stage show had lost none of its vigor. He was one of the few Canadian urban artists who could hold his own with visiting U.S. stars, and he opened for rapper 50 Cent in 2003 and for superstar Jay-Z at the huge Caribana festival in Toronto (which he calls T-dot) in 2006. The composer of most of his own material, Kardinal kept writing although he had no major label contract that would result in his music being pressed to CD. His underground following was strong, and some of his

Canadian Musician, May-June 2001, p. 42. Winnipeg Free Press, June 19, 2006, p. D2.

Online “Bio,” Maple Music, http://www.maplemusic.com/artists/kao/ bio.asp (March 26, 2007). “Border Block: Canadian Hip-Hop vs. America,” Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, http://www.cbc.ca/arts/music/ canadianhiphop.html (March 26, 2007). “Kardinal Offishall,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (March 26, 2007). “Kardinal Offishall,” Biography Resource Center Online. Gale, 2004. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center, Thomson Gale. 2007, http://www.galenet.galegroup.com/ servlet/BioRC (March 26, 2007). “Kardinal Offishall: Canada Rises,” AllHipHop, http://www. allhiphop.com/features/?ID=1261 (March 26, 2007). “Kardinal Offishall: Man on Fire,” Exclaim!, http://www. exclaim.ca/ (March 26, 2007). “Toronto Raptor,” Fader Magazine, http://www.thefader.com/ blog/articles/2006/12/08/toronto-raptor (March 26, 2007). —James M. Manheim

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The Killers Rock group

ith their multi-platinum debut album, Hot Fuss, the Las Vegas band the Killers proved that location has nothing to do with the music. For their first album the Grammy-nominated rock band donned eyeliner and tailored suits to match their British-influenced pop-rock. They used influences from Brit-pop idols The Smiths, U2, Duran Duran, and New Order to create their own danceable rock songs, and the record sold over five million copies. With their sophomore record, Sam’s Town, the Killers traded in glitzy makeup for cowboy boots, and backed up their new outfits with modern rock sounds built for stadiums. The Killers’ lead singer, keyboardist, and lyricist Brandon Flowers grew up in both Las Vegas and Utah as a semi-practicing Mormon. His parents and five siblings left Las Vegas for Utah, but at age 16 Flowers moved back to Las Vegas to live with his cousin and finish high school. After graduating, Flowers played in the band Blush Response and worked as a bellhop at the Gold Coast Hotel. He then quit the group and began to search for like-minded musicians to start a new band. In 2002 Flowers saw a “musicians wanted” ad placed by Ohio native and guitarist Dave Keuning. Both were big fans of Oasis and Morrissey, and they joined up and began to jam. The first song Flowers and Keuning

MJ Kim/Getty Images



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embers include Brandon Flowers, vocals, key-

boards; David Keuning, guitar; Mark Sto-

ermer, drums; Ronnie Vanucci, bass. Group formed in Las Vegas, NV, c. 2002; released Mr. Brightside (EP), Lizard King Records, 2003; signed to Island/Def Jam, 2003; released Hot Fuss, 2004; released Sam’s Town, 2006. Awards: Brit Awards, International Group, International

love to sounds of new-wave synth, and mainstream art-rock dance beats. The famous gospel choir Sweet Inspirations added an unexpected warmth and soul to the song “All These Things That I’ve Done.” In the spring of 2004, Island released the Killers’ first single; a re-recorded version of “Mr. Brightside.” The fulllength album Hot Fuss followed in June. The record wasn’t an instant hit, but it eventually caught on, and stayed on the charts for almost two years. “Mr. Brightside” was followed by a succession of singles, including “Somebody Told Me,” “Smile Like You Mean it,” and “All These Things That I’ve Done.” Hot Fuss ultimately sold over five million copies worldwide, earned Grammy nominations, and kept the Killers touring until the end of 2005.

Album, for Sam’s Town, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Island Records, 825 8th Ave., 29th Flr., New York, NY 10019; 8920 Sunset Blvd, 2nd Flr., Los Angeles, CA 90069, website: http:// www.islandrecords.com. Website—The Killers Official Website: http://www.thekillersmusic.com.

wrote together was “Mr. Brightside,” a future smash hit single for the band-to-be. The duo called themselves the Killers, after a fictional band of the same name in an old New Order music video. The Killers soon added bassist Ronnie Vanucci (who worked as a photographer) and drummer Mark Stoermer (a medical courier). They played their first show as a quartet in August of 2002. The band took their collective musical influences mostly from 1980s and 1990s Brit pop, but tweaked them with simpler hooks and danceable rock rhythms. “When I was growing up in Las Vegas, England just seemed so far away: a genuine fantasy-land,” Flowers told the London Guardian’s Nick Kent, about his musical idols. “There was something untouchable about the music—larger than life. It was so different from what the Americans were growing up with. And it became irresistible to try to emulate, even down to adopting an English accent when you sang.” The band’s self-made demo got them a deal with London’s Lizard King Records, who released the single “Mr. Brightside” in 2003. Shortly after their U.K. deal, the Killers signed a major-label contract with Island/Def Jam Records. The group’s first real tour was in the United Kingdom, to support their Lizard King releases and their growing fan base. For three months in 2003 the Killers worked to produce their Island debut. The band’s new rock songs ran the gamut from tales of sexual androgyny, regrets, and lost

While playing around the world, the Killers began work on their sophomore album while still on the tour bus. The band intended to take a relaxing break before beginning work on a new album, but after a few weeks of vacation they reconvened to write. With a handful of songs written over the past two years as well as many new ones, the band began recording their next record in January of 2006. The Killers recorded with producers Alan Moulder and Flood at a Las Vegas Studio inside the Palms Hotel. Flowers, now married, took new musical cues from artists closer to home. Instead of using only his British childhood heroes, Flowers developed a new appreciation for blue collar rocker Bruce Springsteen, who became a heavy influence on the Killers’ new music. “We’re still influenced by English rock and pop music, but we’re all kind of transforming or getting older,” Flowers told MTV.com’s James Montgomery. Flowers realized that he wanted to sing more like himself and where he came from, and not adopt a British accent. Springsteen’s All-American attitude was something the Killers now aimed for. “Bruce always wears his heart on his sleeve, whereas the groups I grew up with, like New Order, were more about being cool and emotionally detached,” Flowers explained to Kent. “What struck me most forcefully about [Springsteen] is that I believe what he says. ѧ And it just hit me—that’s what I want to achieve, too. I wanted to create an album that captured chronologically everything important that got me to where I am today.” In October of 2006 the Killers released Sam’s Town. The album was named after a Las Vegas casino built in 1979, with a black and white record sleeve photo shot by Anton Corbijn (famous for shooting the album cover photo for U2’s The Joshua Tree), and it was instantly clear that the Killers weren’t going to sound like Duran Duran again. The singles “When We Were Young,” “Bones,” and “Read My Mind” were all dynamic modern rock songs destined to be classics for a future generation. Sam’s Town “is an alluring collection of

The Killers • 89

ambitious anthem-rock originals pitched in a style midway between Bowiesque arch theatricality and Springsteen-style heart-on-sleeve sincerity,” wrote Kent. The band also looked different than they had on tour. They adopted an old western theme with long hair, mustaches and tumbleweed western wear. Coupled with the music of Sam’s Town, the band’s new look did not seemed contrived, but instead was more attuned to their sound and upbringing.

Selected discography Mr. Brightside (EP), Lizard King Records, 2003. Hot Fuss, Island, 2004 Sam’s Town, Island, 2006.

Sources Periodicals

Flowers has always been the band’s biggest fan. More than proud of their work on Sam’s Town, Flowers notoriously told MTV.com, “This album is one of the best albums in the past 20 years.” The album received many favorable reviews. Billboard ’s Gary Graff called it “a lollapalooza of cinematic soundscapes that dashes any fears, or dare we say expectations, of a sophomore slump.” “People want that human connection,” Flowers told Kent. “As much as they want you to be ‘larger-than-life’ or ‘untouchable,’ they also want to relate to you as a human being. That’s what I love about U2 and Springsteen. ѧ [It’s] a big pressure to follow in those ѧ footsteps. But I’m getting wiser and I think we’re capable of carrying that weight.”


Billboard, October 7, 2006, p. 37. Guardian (London, England), October 20, 2006. Observer (London, England), September 24, 2006.

Online “The Killers,” Much Music.com, http://www.muchmusic.com/ music/artists/bio.asp?artist=985 (February 17, 2007). “Killers’ Next LP Will Show Strong Influence Of ѧ Bruce Springsteen!?,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/news/ articles/1529924/05012006/killers_the.jhtml (February 17, 2007). The Killers Official Website, http://www.thekillersmusic.com (February 17, 2007). —Shannon McCarthy

anyone who had anything to say about the music,” Dreijer told Emma Warren in the London Observer. “It is very important for us to be totally free, to be able to do whatever we feel like, whenever we feel like it.”

The Knife Synth Pop Band

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ixing entrancing pop textures with feminist politics, the Swedish duo the Knife has built its musical career on upsetting expectations. Formed by brother and sister duo Karin Dreijer Andersson and Olof Dreijer, the Knife has prided itself on artistic independence, refusing to work with established recording labels and utilizing non-conventional artists for their videos. For publicity photographs the duo always appeared in masks, and for several years, the Knife refused to perform live. Even after their acceptance by the music industry, they have maintained a noncommercial and occasionally provocative stance. At a 2003 Swedish award ceremony, Andersson and Dreijer asked two friends–dressed in gorilla masks–to accept the album award for them. “The Knife takes inspiration from vintage synth pop and forward-thinking electronic music, crafting a sound that is equally unsettling, playful, and beautiful,” noted Heather Phares in All Music Guide. Andersson and Dreijer formed the Knife in 1999. Andersson was a member of the punk band Honey is Cool, but she was ready to try something new. “In 1999, I had made a demo of a few songs that I wanted to record more properly,” Andersson told Dan Whiteley in Thrasher, “and since he [Dreijer] was making music on the computer, I just asked if he wanted to help.” Neither she nor Dreijer, six years her junior, had been close as children, but they soon found that they worked well together. They released the single “Afraid of You” in 2000, followed by The Knife in 2001. To maintain control of their work and complete artistic freedom, the duo formed Rabid Records. “We could never work with

In 2003 the Knife released Deep Cuts, an album filled with danceable pop songs laced with feminist political messages. “The idea is that ‘deep cuts’ will afford you a better sense of the artists’ scope and breadth than you’d receive from just a cursory listen to their chart material,” noted Josh Love in Stylus. He added, “Nowhere of late has this theory been more dramatically, insiduously [sic] proven than in the case of The Knife.” When the Knife won Best Album at the 2003 Swedish Grammis for Deep Cuts, the duo boycotted the ceremony, inviting two friends to accept the award for them. The stand-ins painted their faces like gorillas and had the number “50” printed on their tee shirts. Andersson and Dreijer intended this gesture as a political statement criticizing the unequal number of male and female performers in the recording industry. The gorilla masks also had an American reference. “It was in honour of the Guerrilla Girls in America who have made a lot of actions and it was all over the newspapers the next day,” Dreijer told Warren. “Everyone liked it–but I don’t know how much it will change the situation.” The Knife first reached a larger audience when Jose Gonzalez recorded a hit version of one of the duo’s songs, “Heartbeats.” Andersson and Dreijer also received a large payment for allowing Gonzalez’s version of the song to be used in a commercial. The duo, justifying the decision, noted that the money would be used to support their label. Andersson and Dreijer nonetheless remained defensive about their decision. “That was the first and only time,” Dreijer told Fred Shuster in the Los Angeles Daily News. “We don’t believe in selling our music for commercials, but it gives us money, you know?” In 2005 the Knife received critical and popular acclaim after the release of Silent Shout. “More than just a great pop album, the record boasted a truck of exotic characters, textures, and ideas,” wrote Mark Pytlik in Pitchfork. Andersson’s vocals also continued to evolve. “Karin Dreijer’s vocals are more striking than ever,” wrote Phares, who added, “Treated as another instrument in the arrangements, they’re layered, pitchshifted, and tweaked until there’s almost nothing but tones and emotions.” Silent Shout reached number 15 on the Top Electronic Albums chart, and three singles, “Silent Shout,” “We Share Our Mother’s Health,” and “Like a Pen,” reached the Top 20 on the Hot Dance Singles sales chart. The Knife was nominated for six Grammis in January 2007 and won every category. Once again, however, the duo declined to attend the ceremony. In addition to their cool, carefully textured music, the Knife is known for its provocative visual presentation. In photographs, Dreijer and Andersson wear masks The Knife • 91


M

embers include Karin Dreijer Andersson,

vocals; Olof Dreijer, synthesizer player.

Formed in 1999; released the single “Afraid of You,” 2000; founded Rabid Records; released The Knife, 2001, Deep Cuts, 2003, and Silent Shout, 2006; first tour, 2005.

One of the most intriguing aspects of the Knife is the duo’s ability to re-imagine its sound from project to project. While Andersson and Dreijer’s experimental approach has occasionally resulted in missteps, it has also ensured that they sound like no one else and, when all processes work in unison, they create startlingly original music. The Knife’s experimental approach guarantees that no one will be able to predict the duo’s next artistic move. And while fans and critics may wish they could read the Knife’s future in a crystal ball, they do know one thing for sure: whatever the Knife creates, the results will be one of a kind.

Awards: Grammi Award (Sweden), Best Album, for Deep Cuts, 2003.

Selected discography The Knife, Rabid Records, 2001. Deep Cuts, Rabid Records, 2003. Silent Shout, Rabid Records, 2006.

and costumes. In one photo shoot they wore surgical masks, jackets with hoods, and gloves, fashioning a look somewhere between that of an arctic explorer and a lab technician. Other photographs picture the duo as crows and gymnasts. “If we could choose not to do any photos at all, we would,” Andersson told Craig McLean in a biography on theknife.net website. “But it’s quite impossible. Because I don’t think it has anything to do with the music. So we use the photos now to show what our music looks like.” In 2006 the Knife also decided to play its first live shows after they found a director who could deliver an imaginative stage show for an affordable price. The elaborate setup by Andreas Nilsson featured giant dolls that sang, two projection screens, and the duo dressed in black suits. When performing live, Andersson and Dreijer also chose to reinterpret many songs in a minimalist setting. “They were illuminated solely by UV light and the animated graphics projected on to screens that hung in front of and behind them,” wrote Chris Campion in London’s Daily Telegraph. “At times, they appeared to be completely enclosed by a wall of light.”


Sources Periodicals Daily Telegraph (London, England), April 13, 2006. Los Angeles Daily News, August 1, 2006. Observer (London, England), September 19, 2004. Thrasher, February 1, 2007.

Online “Knife,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 15, 2007). “The Knife/Deep Cuts,” Pitchfork, http://www.pitch- forkmediacom/page/home (February 26, 2007). The Knife Official Website, http://www.theknife.net/o0ooooo. html (February 26, 2007). “The Knife,” Stylus, http://www.stylusmagazine.com (Feb- ruary 27, 2007). —Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr.

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ritain’s Lady Sovereign is an example of how the Internet has become a powerful part of the music business. At 14 years old, when the budding MC uploaded her songs to the Web, her life was forever changed. The Web’s chat rooms, blogs and fan sites became an integral part of her future popularity. At 19 Lady Sovereign signed to Def Jam Records, and the following year she released her full-length debut album, Public Warning. “Sov might just be the antidote to the astonishing lack of truly gifted female MCs in hiphop today,” wrote Remix’s Bill Murphy. Topping off at a height of five-foot, one inch tall, Lady Sovereign dubbed herself the “biggest midget in the game.” The press has called her a Feminem (a male Eminem), or the Queen of Grime, grime being a distinct new British MC style. “Unlike most women in today’s pop scene, who embellish their musical skills with flashy choreography and an acting gig on the side, Sov takes the route of a hard-core male rapper, demanding that her skills alone determine any judgment,” wrote Ann Powers in the Los Angeles Times.

Lady Sovereign

Born Louise Harman, Lady Sovereign grew up in Wembley, one of the toughest areas of northwest London. She spent most of her childhood in a public housing project known as Chalkhill Estates, where her lenient parents’ love of punk rock and ska attuned their daughter to those musical genres early on. At 14 years old, already a fan of female hip-hop MCs and punk and rock music, Lady Sovereign began using her computer to make simple beats, rapping and singing over them. She uploaded a few of her songs onto the Internet, which soon connected her to DJ Frampster, and the two became collaborators. School was never a priority for the aspiring musician, and after she had caused enough trouble, at 15 Lady Sovereign became a high school dropout. After leaving school, she took on lowpaying jobs, including a stint at a bakery and as a window cleaner.

AP Images

Singer, rap musician, songwriter

At 15, Lady Sovereign wasn’t entirely focused on music. “It started out of boredom and then became a passion,” Lady Sovereign told London’s Guardian. “So I started MC-ing with a little computer mic. No one was at home most of the time so I could make a lot of noise.” A chance role in a low budget film inspired the MC to take her music more seriously. She was asked to record a song for the film, and a local producer heard it and was so impressed that he invited her to his studio. With producer Medasyn (aka Gabriel Olegavich) to back her, Lady Sovereign’s inventive MC style began to take shape. Going by the name Louise, however, was a little too sweet for her often raucous lyrics, but it was somewhat spur-of-the-moment when she chose her new moniker. She told Murphy that she dubbed herself Lady Sovereign after nabbing someone’s ring. “The ring was in the corner of some guy’s room,” she said, “and I just took it and put it on my finger and I was like, ‘I’m Lady Sovereign now.’”

Lady Sovereign • 93


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orn Louise Harman, in Wembly, London, England.

Released Vertically Challenged, 2005; signed to Def Jam/Island Records, 2005, released Public Warning, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Def Jam/Universal, 8920 Sunset Blvd, 2nd Flr., Los Angeles, CA 90069; 825 8th Ave., 29th Flr., New York, NY 10019. Website—Lady Sovereign Official Website: http://www. ladysovereign.com.

Lady Sovereign’s first release sold in stores was a 2003 U.K. indie collaboration with other MCs on the Medasyn-produced single “The Battle.” Her style was evolving into a combination of female MC snarls and back-handed jabs, all lending to the underground grime scene developing in England. The rhythm-heavy garage and rock ’n’ roll-inspired music overlaid with MC lyricism was gaining momentum in England and spreading to alternative music connoisseurs in the United States. “Grime is grime. It’s definitely an evolution from garage,” Lady Sovereign told the Guardian. “There’s some kronk in there. Sometimes it’s almost hip hop. But it’s always about big bass and big drums.” After an appearance on a remix of The Streets’ “Fit But You Know It” in 2004, and a handful of her own singles, including “A Little Bit of Shhh!” and “Ch Ching,” the name Lady Sovereign started spreading to music fans worldwide via the Internet.

originality had the potential to crossover to the mainstream, and record labels began to take notice. In December of 2005 Chicago independent label Chocolate Industries released a handful of Lady Sovereign’s tracks on the Vertically Challenged EP. Her perseverance paid off when Jay-Z and LA Reid invited Lady Sovereign to meet with Def Jam/Island Records in New York. MC Jay-Z asked Lady Sovereign to freestyle on the spot, and the label quickly signed the British teenager to a record deal. In 2006, with little pressure from the major label machine, Lady Sovereign began work on her Def Jam debut. In the fall she was introduced to mainstream America by way of her new music video on MTV’s star-making TRL show. In her video for “Love Me or Hate Me,” the MC even took a jab at some of her fellow artists when she dropped the lines “I can’t dance and I really can’t sing. I can only do one thing, and that’s be Lady Sovereign.” It must have struck a chord with the teen crowd, because before she knew it, Lady Sovereign’s video for “Love Me or Hate Me” was TRL’s number-one-most-requested video. On October 31, 2006, Def Jam released Lady Sovereign’s debut, Public Warning. “Public Warning is stunning, better than the hype machine could ever paint it, with jaw-dropping, busy production and sharp, spunky lyrics that whiz by and back up this pint-sized rebel’s serious b-girl stance,” wrote David Jeffries of All Music Guide. A few tracks from the Vertically Challenged EP were included, as well as a remix of “Love Me or Hate Me,” featuring Missy Elliott. “It’s uproariously funnyѧ with a cutting anger lurking just behind the jokes,” wrote Powers of the record. “It expresses a working-class sensibility that, to American ears especially, transforms into authenticity.”

Partly because of her diminutive frame and younglooking appearance, naysayers often pronounced Lady Sovereign down for the count before they heard her perform. But once she took command of the mic, things were different. “I’d get up there and everyone’s jaws would be like (drops tiny jaw) ѧ that came out of her mouth? People have been shocked from day one,” she told Plan B Magazine’s George Taylor. Much like the brash style of Eminem, Lady Sovereign took no prisoners with her lyrical jabs. “Her performance is ten feet tall, a loud-mouthed, confident swagger of a display, threatening to slap cheeks across the whole audience,” wrote Taylor. An Internet buzz soon turned Lady Sovereign into the Next Big Thing before she had a solid record deal.


Her track suits and a tomboy attitude converged with her diminutive size to make Lady Sovereign stand out. And while she came from an underground scene, her

“Exclusive Interview with Lady Sovereign,” Remix (Online Edition), http://remixmag.com/transmissions/lady-sovereign-012606/index.html (February 10, 2007).


Vertically Challenged, Chocolate Industries, 2005. Public Warning, Def Jam, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Guardian, August 4, 2005. Plan B Magazine, February 13, 2005. Remix, November 1, 2006.

Online

“Lady Sovereign,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusicguide. com (February 10, 2007). “Lady Sovereign,” Los Angeles Times, http://www. calendarlive.com/music/reviews/cl-etalbums31oct31,0,998050.story?coll=cl-albumreviews (February 10, 2007).

Lady Sovereign Official Website, http://www.ladysovereign. com (February 10, 2007).

—Shannon McCarthy

Lady Sovereign • 95

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ust a few years prior to his second major label album in 2006, Ray LaMontagne lived with his wife and two children in a remote area of New Hampshire, in a cabin he built himself. The house had no electricity or running water, and they preferred it that way. This isolated existence, coupled with LaMontagne’s childhood spent drifting from one poor home to another, formed a foundation for LaMontagne’s inspiring collection of soul inspired folk-rock music. With a handful of homemade demos and two critically praised albums, LaMontagne came from seemingly nowhere and by 2004 breathed in fresh new air to the long-forgotten genre of a major label singer-songwriter. With a powerful singing voice that recalls Van Morrison and Otis Redding at the same time, LaMontagne’s unique blend of soulful singing and folk roots lends itself to an undeniably classic sound. LaMontagne was quickly hailed as “a future legendary American singersongwriter whose raw voice can both pin you to the wall and bring tears to your eyes,” according to Nick Duerden in London’s The Independent.

Ray LaMontagne

Born in New Hampshire, LaMontagne grew up with his mother and five siblings. For much of his childhood, the family moved from town to town across the United States. With little money in her pockets, LaMontagne’s mother moved from job to job, wherever she could find work and shelter for her children. “We were itinerant, living all over the country, my mother, siblings and myself,” LaMontagne revealed to The Sun. “We lived pretty much wherever we could, with relatives, in a bus, [or in] a converted chicken coop, where I recall my mom stacking apple crates to section off an area that she called her room.” LaMontagne’s drifter lifestyle would continue throughout his adult life, albeit on his own terms. At 17, LaMontagne left his family and moved around until he ended up in a cabin in Lewiston, Maine, at the age of 20. He kept mostly to himself, venturing into town to work odd carpentry jobs before he settled on a job at a shoe factory. Working long hours, LaMontagne would often miss the daylight completely, waking up at 4 a.m. and working through until nightfall. It certainly wasn’t a dream job, and LaMontagne’s loner lifestyle was beginning to catch up with him. But one morning when his alarm clock went off at its usual time of 4 a.m., he heard a song on the radio that would change his life forever. Stephen Stills’s “Tree Top Flyer” woke LaMontagne up that morning, and he was so possessed by the unequivocal beauty of the song that instead of going to work that day, he went to the record store. At the shop he found the album Stills Alone, and without knowing it began to build a new life. “I listened to it and I was transformed,” LaMontagne told The Sun. “It killed me ѧ it was huge. I just knew: ‘This is what I’m gonna do.’ That morning really changed everything ѧ my whole life.” AP Images



LaMontagne found a new hobby as he bought up LPs at Enterprise Records in Portland. “I lived for the chance to get back there and dig through the stacks, find something new, something that I hadn’t heard—


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orn in New Hampshire.

Signed to RCA Records, 2004; released debut, Trouble, 2004; released Till the Sun Turns Black, 2006. Addresses: Record company—RCA, 1540 Broadway, New York, NY 10036. Website—Ray LaMontagne Official Website: http://www.raylamontagne.com.

whether it was another Stephen Stills record or Bob Dylan, Neil Young or the Band, Sonny Boy Williamson, Nina Simone, just a gazillion people,” he told the Washington Post’s Richard Harrington. “I loved everything, and I lived for that time after work, putting on a record and having a sandwich or macaroni and cheese, whatever I could pull together at that time and just listening to those records.” He found solace in the folk, soul, and jazz music of the 1960s and 1970s. The music gave him a new outlook on his life. “I was in a very dark place and very self-destructive and very close to killing myself in various ways,” he told Jenny Eliscu of Rolling Stone. “It was like I found a religion. I realized that you could take all this stuff that’s making you miserable and turn it into something beautiful.” A dusty guitar in the corner finally got picked up and LaMontagne taught himself how to play and sing. “It was just a feeling,” he told the Warwick Boar’s Dan Crowhurst. “For a long time, I wasn’t releasing this pent up something inside of me; this endless well of emotion.” He recorded a few tracks at home and played at local coffee shops and pubs in the late 1990s. Along the way, he got married and had two children, and moved the family into a cabin he built himself. While living the rustic lifestyle of a nomad, LaMontagne finally began to emerge into the public as a compelling singer-songwriter. A chance occurrence landed one of LaMontagne’s home-recorded demos in the hands of a man who worked for Chrysalis Music Publishing signing new talent to the company. Chrysalis put up the money for LaMontagne to produce a recording even before they had a label to release it. LaMontagne went to Los Angeles to record for two weeks with renowned producer Ethan Johns. Known for his work with Ryan Adams and Kings of Leon, Johns recorded most of the songs live, to tape, with LaMontagne singing while Johns played drums a few feet away. During the two short weeks of recording, LaMontagne also enlisted Nickel Creek’s Sarah Watkins to play fiddle and sing on the tracks “Hannah” and

“All the Wild Horses,” and Stephen Stills’s daughter Jennifer Stills lent her voice to “Narrow Escape.” Everything was coming full circle for LaMontagne, and rather quickly as well. Those who heard LaMontagne’s record knew they had something special on their hands. But the songwriter thought of himself as no different from anyone else, and had no fantasies of becoming a popular artist. It was actually that very same working-man image, the everyday Joe with a classic voice, that pulled in the major labels. Ready to introduce a new artist for the adult alternative format, RCA quickly signed LaMontagne and released his debut album, Trouble, in September of 2004. Critics praised Trouble for its timeless yet unconventional appeal. Some hailed him as the New Dylan or the singer-songwriter for a younger generation. “Trouble reveals a man racked with emotion yet full of grace,” wrote The Sun. For an album that LaMontagne thought no one would want to hear, Trouble sold over 250,000 copies in the United States and earned the musician the tag of Rolling Stone’s “Hot Songwriter” for 2004. The record was a slow burner, but got an enormous push after LaMontagne received support from an unlikely source. In 2005, in the finales for American Idol, winner Taylor Hicks sang “Trouble” to a TV audience of millions. Coincidentally, former Idol winner Kelly Clarkson regularly sang LaMontagne’s “Shelter” during her live shows. After the release of Trouble, RCA sent LaMontagne on the road for almost two years. It was a difficult process at first for the known recluse. While LaMontagne did his best to keep his personal life a mystery, it was rumored that his relationship with his wife had come to an end by 2006. In 2006 he re-teamed with his producer to record a sophomore album, this time in New York’s Allaire Studios. With a better sense of himself and his voice, LaMontagne set to work on a new album that reached out of his comfort zone. “It’s definitely not Trouble, Part 2,” he said of the new record on his official website. “Every song asks to be sung in a different way. If I were to sing every song in a classic soul style, none of the songs on this record would be effective. I’ve tried to follow the songs.” For lyrical inspiration, LaMontagne chose to look outside himself. “It’s so easy to get caught up in your experiences,” he stated on his website. “But there are billions and billions of other experiences going on. I guess the album is just me trying to look at things beyond myself, wondering what it is to be alive and what it’s all about.” RCA released LaMontagne’s sophomore album, Till the Sun Turns Black, in August of 2006. The album featured his voice as an instrument, painting his folksoul visions with moody and atmospheric brushes.

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“With its ethereal string arrangements, colorful percussion, and meaty horn sections,” wrote Judith Edelman in Acoustic Guitar, “Till the Sun Turns Black stretches a story into a drama, a moment into infinity, and the simple descriptive into the positively cinematic.” A loner who now sings songs for the masses, LaMontagne still likes to keep to himself. “I don’t say much on stage because I don’t have to,” he told Harrington. “I don’t say much in my social life, either. ѧ I think that makes people uncomfortable sometimes, but audiences have come to understand that. And if there’s a night where we’re all feeling really good and a little bit of chatting happens, hey, that’s fun, too. But for me, it’s just about the music.”

Selected discography Trouble, RCA, 2004. Till the Sun Turns Black, RCA, 2006.


Sources Periodicals Acoustic Guitar, March, 2007. Independent (London, England), June 18, 2006. Rolling Stone, July 28, 2004. The Sun (U.K.), June 16, 2006. Warwick Boar (U.K.), May 25, 2005. Washington Post,December 8, 2006.

Online “Ray LaMontagne,” All Music Guide, http://www. allmusicguide.com (February 10, 2007). “Ray LaMontagne,” CFRE Radio, http://www.cfreradio.com/ interviews/lamontagne.html(February 10, 2007). Ray LaMontagne Official Website, http://www. raylamontagne.com (February 10, 2007). —Shannon McCarthyvideo.

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fter years of performing with bands that never made the big time, singer-songwriter Cyndi Lauper made her solo recording debut with the album She’s So Unusual late in 1983. Throughout 1984 and early 1985, singles from her album, including “Girls Just Want to Have Fun” and “Time After Time,” consistently stayed on the pop charts, making her the first female recording artist to achieve four hits with a debut album. Her quirky style, coupled with an impressive four-octave range, endeared Lauper to fans and critics alike and netted her awards ranging from 1985’s Grammy for best new artist to a spot as one of Ms. magazine’s 12 Women of the Year for 1984.

Cyndi Lauper

Lauper was born June 20, 1953, in Brooklyn, New York. Her family then moved to neighboring Queens, where she acquired her trademark accent. When she was five her parents divorced, and her mother worked long hours as a waitress to provide for her three children. From earliest childhood, Lauper mentally escaped hardship by singing. She confided to Bonnie Allen in Ms., “Even when I talked, I sang. Always. As a kid I knew that all my power as a person came from my voice.” Lauper also took a lesson from her mother’s grueling work schedule and vowed to escape the difficult life led by her family and neighbors.

Singer, songwriter

The young singer’s education was somewhat erratic. She was expelled from several Catholic schools where, Lauper told Kurt Loder in Rolling Stone, she was abused by overly strict nuns. After obtaining her high school equivalency degree, she was persuaded by friends and family to enter art school rather than pursue a singing career. Though a talented artist, Lauper did not adapt well to the structured environment of art school, and dropped out of several before returning to her first love, music. She worked odd jobs to support herself, including stints as a kennel attendant and a racehorse walker. During the early 1970s Lauper sang on street corners in Greenwich Village before joining a disco group, Doc West.

Peter Kramer/Getty Images

Performing in local clubs and relying heavily on covers of popular disco songs, the band was much like any other. Only Lauper’s unique vocal renderings set them apart. People were particularly impressed with the singer’s renditions of Janis Joplin songs. But before long Lauper tired of the disco scene and decided to move on. She joined up with the rock band Flyer, but was with them just a short time before losing her voice because of severely strained vocal chords. When doctors informed her that she would not be able to resume a career in singing, Lauper was undaunted. On the advice of a friend, she sought the help of voice coach Katherine Agresta, an opera singer noted for her work with rock stars. Along with vocal exercises, Agresta stressed the importance of physical health to accompany vocal restoration. By heeding her advice and following a strict regimen, Lauper accomplished

Lauper • 99


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orn June 20, 1953, in Brooklyn, NY; daughter of Fred Lauper and Catrine Dominique (a waitress);

married David Thornton (an actor); children: a son, Declan Wallace Thornton. Education: Attended several colleges to study art. Worked as waitress and racehorse walker; singer with disco group Doc West, beginning in 1974; singer with rock bands Flyer and Blue Angel, 1977-81; solo performer, 1981–; signed with CBS Records, released She’s So Unusual, 1983; True Colors, 1986; A Night to Remember, 1989; Hat Full of Stars 1993; Twelve Deadly Cynsѧ and Then Some, 1994; Sisters of Avalon, 1997; Merry Christmas, Have a Nice Life, 1998; Shine, 2001; Essential Cyndi Lauper, 2003; At Last, 2003; The Body Acoustic, 2005; appeared in films Vibes, 1988, and Life With Mikey, 1993; appeared on Broadway in The Threepenny Opera, 2006. Awards: Named one of 12 women of the year by Ms. magazine, 1984; Grammy Award, record of the year

sign Blue Angel to a recording contract with Polydor Records. Despite a disappointing lack of sales, Blue Angel’s first and only album was received favorably by critics, with most of the praise lavished on Lauper’s singing. But in 1981 the band, plagued by infighting and artistic differences, called it quits, causing Massarsky to file a lawsuit against them. On her own again, Lauper declared bankruptcy and landed a job singing (phonetically) at a Japanese bar, where she met David Wolff, the man who became her manager and fiance. Wolff tirelessly promoted his new client and with the help of his connections, landing the singer a recording contract with CBS Records. She’s So Unusual debuted in 1983, and though Lauper wrote few of the songs, she was allowed a great deal of artistic control on the album as well as on the accompanying videos. “Girls Just Want to Have Fun” was the first release—a rollicking video romp conceived by Lauper and populated with her family and friends. The song rocketed to the top of the pop charts and became part of MTV’s heavy rotation schedule. Hot on its heels was “Time After Time,” a haunting ballad co-written with Eric Bazilian and Rob Hyman of the Hooters. Other hits from the album included “All Through the Night,” “SheBop” and “Money Changes Everything.”

and best female pop vocal performance, for “Girls Just Want to Have Fun,” and song of the year, for “Time After Time,” all 1985; Grammy Award for best new artist, 1985; Emmy Award, 1993. Addresses: Record company—Epic Records, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022.

the seemingly impossible and resumed her singing career. Striking out on her own, Lauper once again worked the local circuit, performing solo at bars and clubs until meeting up with John Turi. Lauper and Turi collaborated to create Blue Angel, a band described by critics as both “rockabilly” and “new wave.” The new group allowed Lauper to spread her musical wings, as she enjoyed a level of artistic freedom she had not previously experienced. It was during this time that her singular fashion sense began to emerge. Lauper was hard to ignore, with her carelessly chopped multi-colored hair and funky, mismatched wardrobe. But it was her vocal acrobatics that brought her to the attention of rock manager Steve Massarsky. Decidedly underwhelmed with the band itself, Massarsky was impressed enough with the young singer’s talent to 100 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

With the exception of the title song, Lauper’s 1986 follow-up album, True Colors, did not meet with the success of the first. “I can’t blame anybody but myself,” Lauper confessed to Ann Kolson of the Philadelphia Inquirer. “I was there, but I wasn’t there. My heart wasn’t into it. I started to take out all the stuff about myself that made it interesting, thinking it was too weird.” Turning her attention to acting, the singer was cast in a starring role opposite actor Jeff Goldblum in the comedy film Vibes. Her character was a zany psychic beautician. When it was released in 1988 reviews were unkind, but focused on the inadequacies of the script rather than Lauper’s acting abilities. She told Fred Goodman in Rolling Stone, “That’s the last time I’ll take a part because of the part, hoping that the script will get better. It never does.” Even Lauper’s theme song from the film, “There’s A Hole In My Heart,” released as a single, proved a flop. Stunning Singing Ability Lauper’s 1989 album, A Night to Remember, brought mixed reviews from critics. Some called it her best work ever; others noted a new mellowness to the music and lamented the loss of her earlier, more spirited style. Most, however, heaped extravagant praise on her stunning singing ability. “Vocally, she does everything right

on A Night to Remember,” claimed People’s David Hiltbrand. “She’s earthy on the winsome rocker ‘I Drove All Night,’ scintillating on the airier ‘Primitive’ and sweet on the gentle ‘Unconditional Love.’” Jimmy Guterman of Rolling Stone noted that “on ‘My First Night Without You,’ she builds from a whisper to a scream and captures all the nuances in between.” Though “I Drove All Night” proved a hit for Lauper, A Night to Remember did not match the overwhelming success of She’s So Unusual. Following the commercial failure of A Night to Remember, Lauper virtually disappeared from the public eye. She ended her longtime relationship with Wolff and spent the better part of two years attempting to get her life in order. She credited the Hooters—old friends and collaborators—with helping her rediscover the healing power of music. But it was actor David Thornton, whom she married in 1991, who gave her the courage to make a comeback. In 1993, after an absence of four years, Lauper released her fourth album, Hat Full of Stars. Her return was celebrated by critics, who hailed the album as a milestone in the singer’s career. Soliciting the aid of several songwriters (including Bazilian, Hyman, and Mary-Chapin Carpenter), Lauper produced a varied, revealing, and poignant work, addressing such issues as racism, incest, abortion and wife-battering. Holly George-Warren of Rolling Stone described the musical effort as “a fresh sound that mixes 60s soul, 70s funk, 80s pop and 90s hip-hop, as well as bits of folk and ethnic music.” Ron Givens of People commented on the context of the material: “Lauper brings an enticing mix of literal description and oblique metaphor. ѧ She sets a scene, makes us care, gives us hope.” Lauper also made her directorial debut on two of the album’s videos, “Who Let In The Rain” and “Sally’s Pigeons.” In addition to recording, Lauper also kept her acting skills honed. Both she and her husband appeared in Michael J. Fox’s 1993 movie Life With Mikey and also guest starred on the NBC comedy Mad About You, a role that won her an Emmy. As she told Kolson, “I may not be the biggest artist in the whole friggin’ world. Who cares? I’m able to stand up with pride and dignity and say that this is me and this is my gift to the world.” In 1994 Lauper released Twelve Deadly Cynsѧ and Then Some, a collection of greatest hits with three new tracks. It sold over four million copies worldwide and was especially popular in the United Kingdom. Sisters of Avalon was released in 1997. Many of its songs explored the complexities of gay or lesbian lives: “Ballad of Cleo and Joe” was about a drag queen’s double life, “Brimstone and Fire” described a lesbian relationship, and “You Don’t Know” addressed the issue of coming out. The album was a hit in dance clubs, and Lauper performed as a featured artist at gay pride

events throughout the world. In that same year she co-headlined with Tina Turner in a summer tour, and in November of 1997 she and Thornton welcomed their son, Declan Wallace. Lauper toured as co-headliner with Cher’s Do You Believe? Tour in 1999, and appeared in several independent films, including The Opportunist, which starred Christopher Walken. In 2001 Lauper was set for the release of a new album, Shine. However, a few weeks before the scheduled release in September of 2001, Edel America Records folded. The tracks were leaked to fans, and a five-song EP titled Shine was sold by Tower Records and on Lauper’s website. In 2003 Edel America Records sold an EP of remixes from Shine on their website. In that same year, Sony Records released The Essential Cyndi Lauper. At Last, released in 2003, hit the Top 40 charts in the United States and Australia; it was a cover record of older songs originally done by other performers. In Daily Variety Phil Gallo noted, “Lauper applies her still-girlish and gorgeous voice to a broad swath of material, and most of it works just fine.” In Interview, Evelyn McDonnell commented on the fact that although Lauper sang other people’s songs on the album, the album had “a very personal feel.” Lauper replied, “All you can hope for when you do music is to be able to find the magic in it and fly.” She added, “If you can find that one thing that the other musicians do that’s so wonderful, and incorporate it into what you do, then it enriches you.” In 2005 Lauper released The Body Acoustic, which showcased acoustic versions of previous songs and included two new songs. Various guest artists appeared on the album, including Shaggy, Ani DiFranco, Adam Lazzara, Jeff Beck, Puffy Ami Yumi, and Sarah McLaughlin. In Herizons, Cindy Filipenko wrote that the album revealed Lauper as “one of the most underrated voices in rock music.” Lauper moved to the Broadway stage in 2006, where she appeared in a production of Kurt Weill’s The Threepenny Opera. In Variety David Rooney praised Lauper’s performance, noting, “The pop diva knows how to command an audience in a song.” In New York, Lauper told Adam Sternbergh that her rule for living was not to worry about what other people think of you: “You cannot be self-conscious. If you have a watcher in your head, you’re done. Door closes, everything’s over.” She added, “I can’t be focused on who other people think I am. You have to just leave that ѧ someplace else.”

Selected discography She’s So Unusual, Portrait, 1983. True Colors, Portrait, 1986.

Lauper • 101

A Night to Remember, Epic, 1989. (Contributor) A Very Special Christmas, A&M, 1992. Hat Full of Stars, Epic, 1993. (Contributor) A Very Special Christmas 2, A&M, 1993. Twelve Deadly Cynsѧ and Then Some, Epic, 1994. Sisters of Avalon, Epic, 1997. Merry Christmas, Have a Nice Life, Epic, 1998. Shine, independently released, 2001. Essential Cyndi Lauper, Sony, 2003. At Last, Epic, 2003. The Body Acoustic, Epic, 2005.

Sources Books Willis, K. K., Jr., Cyndi Lauper, Ballantine, 1984.

Periodicals Audio, September 1989. Billboard, October 29, 2005, p. 70. Daily Variety, November 12, 2003, p. 48. Entertainment Weekly, May 29, 1992; June 18, 1993; November 11, 2005, p. 68; November 12, 2005, p. 36. Herizons, Spring 2006, p. 32. Hollywood Reporter, December 27, 2006, p. 16.


Interview, December 2003, p. 114. Mademoiselle, November 1988. Ms., January 1985; August 1988. Nation, June 30, 1984. Newsday, June 13, 1993. Newsweek, March 26, 1984; March 4, 1985. New York, December 26, 1983; March 13, 2006, p. 137. New York Times, May 28, 1993. People, September 17, 1984; August 15, 1988; June 19, 1989; December 21, 1992; June 28, 1993; July 26, 1993; September 8, 1997, p. 33. Philadelphia Inquirer, May 30, 1993. Rolling Stone, May 24, 1984; June 1, 1989; June 15, 1989; November 16, 1989; September 2, 1993. Time, March 4, 1985. Variety, April 24, 2006, p. 39. Village Voice, August 17, 1993.

Online Cyndi Lauper Official Website, http://www.cyndilauper.com/ uniquecirx/home.php (January 30, 2007).

Other Additional information for this profile was obtained from Epic Records publicity materials, 1993. —Elizabeth Wenning and Kelly Winters

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protégé of one of hip-hop music’s most innovative figures, John Legend performs not hip-hop but R&B, much of it in the old-school vein exemplified by classic figures such as Stevie Wonder. An Ivy League graduate, he is active in musical genres whose other performers have often attended only the school of hard knocks. His positive lyrics—he writes much of his own material—explore the intricacies of romance and human emotional life, and they roost high on popular music sales charts among songs drenched in sexuality and violence. What has enabled John Legend to buck trends and surprise audiences is sheer talent: equally gifted as a vocalist, songwriter, and pianist, he has created music with deep roots in African-American traditions, seeming fresh even as it refers to styles of the past.

John Legend

Legend was born John Stephens on December 28, 1978, in Springfield, Ohio. Friends and family called him Johnny. The confident nickname John Legend was bestowed upon the singer in 2002 by Chicago poet J. Ivy, who recalled to Scotty Ballard of Jet that “I heard one of his songs and I’m just blown away like everyone else. ѧ I introduced myself ѧ and I said ѧ ‘you were amazing, you sound like you were from the old school. ѧ You’re a legend! As a matter of fact, that’s what I’m going to call you, the “Legend.”’” The name stuck.

Singer, songwriter, pianist

AP Images

Legend’s father was a factory worker and a drummer and visual artist on the side. As a boy, Legend’s musical education had gospel and classical sides, as he took formal piano lessons but also honed his performing instincts with membership in a church choir at age six. His mother was the director, his grandmother the organist, his grandfather the pastor. By age 10 or 11 he was directing choirs himself. The church “is such a great training ground for young black musicians,” Legend explained to Lorraine Ali of Newsweek. “You have an audience, it’s an important part of the service, and it makes you wanna be a better musician. If you’re good in the church, people know you all around your area.” Indeed, Legend had a regional reputation by the time he graduated from high school. He was only 16 at the time. An academic whiz who won Springfield’s city spelling bee in fourth grade, he moved on to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, majoring in English. He sang in the university’s a cappella vocal group Counterparts. To help pay the bills, he worked as choir director, head of the music department, and pianist at Bethel AME Church in Scranton, Pennsylvania. Even before he graduated he was dabbling in the world of popular music as well: through a mutual friend (backup singer Tara Michel) he met 1990s hip-hop star Lauryn Hill, who hired him to play piano on her song “Everything Is Everything.” With visions of bigger things, Legend auditioned for Hill’s band but was turned down. He graduated from Penn in 1999 and landed a management consultant position with Boston Consulting Group in New York. The job paid some $50,000 a year, well above average for a newly minted college graduate, but Legend’s

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orn John Stephens on December 28, 1978, in Springfield, OH; son of a factory worker and a

homemaker, seamstress, and church choir director. Edu-

touches and a confident attitude that marked the creative presence of hip-hop. Get Lifted slowly built in popularity. Its most identifiable song was “Ordinary People,” a ballad about the rocky passages that are a feature of every romantic relationship. Accompanied on piano by Legend himself, the song quickly gained currency as a wedding number.

cation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, graduated 1999 with major in English. Worked as session vocalist and pianist, appearing on recordings by Kanye West, Alicia Keys, Jay-Z, Janet Jackson, and other, early 2000s; signed to G.O.O.D. label; released album Get Lifted, 2004; performed on Grammy awards show, released Once Again, 2006. Awards: Grammy Awards: Best R&B Male Vocal Performance, for “Ordinary People,” Best R&B Album, for Get Lifted, and Best New Artist, 2006; Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group, for “Family Affair,” and Best Male R&B Vocal Performance, 2007; BET Award, Best New Artist, 2005; Soul Train Music Awards: Best Male R&B Single, for “Ordinary People,” and Best Male R&B Album, for Get Lifted, 2006. Addresses: Record company—G.O.O.D. Records, c/o Sony Music, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022. Website—Official John Legend Website: http://www. johnlegend.com.

interest in music nevertheless began to take up more and more of his time. He made appearances at New York clubs such as Jimmy’s Uptown and SOB’s, releasing recordings of the shows on his own label. His versatile talents and well-known contacts landed him session work with vocalists Alicia Keys and Janet Jackson, rapper Jay-Z, and hip-hop sensation Kanye West, who signed Legend to his G.O.O.D. label and shepherded Legend’s career as executive producer of his first album, Get Lifted. West, Legend explained to Jennifer Odell of People, “has great instincts. He gives me a lot of good advice on the creative level. We critique each other’s song productions. He also gives me good advice on dealing with the record industry.” Get Lifted appeared in the last week of 2004 and featured guest appearances by West (who co-wrote its leadoff single, “Used to Love U”), hip-hop veteran Snoop Dogg, and, in a nod to Legend’s gospel background, members of his own family on the track “It Don’t Have to Change.” A major influence was Stevie Wonder, whose 1972 Talking Book album Legend has named as a favorite. Reviewers praised the album’s classic R&B sounds, subtly updated with production 104 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

“Ordinary People” also brought Legend one of his three Grammy Awards in 2006 (it was classified as a 2005 release), that for Best R&B Male Vocal Performance. He also snared coveted nods for Best New Artist and Best R& B Album. Legend used the initial proceeds from his album sales to pay off his college loans. He was named to People magazine’s list of 50 most eligible bachelors in 2005, and his touring schedule, which included such prestigious dates as a benefit concert at New York’s Museum of Modern Art, accelerated sharply. All the activity put a strain on Legend’s voice, and at one point he was put on complete vocal rest by a voice coach—any benefits he might have reaped from his eligible bachelor status were temporarily dampened by having to write out conversations with his dates instead of talking. Partly as a result of the changes that were occurring in his voice, Legend aimed toward a more diverse sound for his sophomore release Once Again. “My tone got smoother and cleaner,” he told Margeaux Watson of Entertainment Weekly. “That’s why I sound different on my new album. I didn’t plan to [change my style]. I had to switch it up.” Neither vocal changes nor the common music industry sophomore slump put a dent in Legend’s creativity, as he delivered a set of songs that ranged from ballads to hip-hop-spiked jams to pop, the Motown sound, and even Brazilian bossa nova. “It’s kind of all over the place, but it feels like it belongs together,” he told Watson. The album was produced by will.i.am of the Black Eyed Peas, who had also contributed to Get Lifted. Once Again gained traction in early 2007 and eventually exceeded its predecessor’s chart position, reaching number three on Billboard’s album sales chart and earning platinum status for sales of a million copies (as had Get Lifted). Legend again contributed the bulk of the songwriting, with some songs based on his own romantic life. The most impressive aspect of Legend’s young career was that many of his recordings seemed stamped with the imprint of classic status. “Legend,” noted Ali, “just may be one of those rare talents who get better with each record.”

Selected discography John Stephens, self-released, 2000. Live at Jimmy’s Uptown, self-released, 2001. Live at SOB’s New York City, DCN, 2003. Solo Sessions, Vol. 1: Live at the Knitting Factory, selfreleased, 2004. Get Lifted, G.O.O.D., 2004. Once Again, G.O.O.D., 2006.

Sources Books Newsmakers, issue 1, Thomson Gale, 2007.

Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, January 14, 2005, p. 85; November 10, 2006, p. 23. Interview, August 2005, p. 100; November 2006, p. 78.

Jet, November 6, 2006, p. 60. Newsweek, September 4, 2006, p. 58. People, March 21, 2005, p. 56; June 27, 2005, p. 80; November 6, 2006, p. 109.

Online “JL Biography,” Official John Legend Website, http://www. johnlegend.com (March 31, 2007). —James M. Manheim

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Little Big Town Country Music Band

hen it comes to country music bands, Little Big Town offered an innovative slant on a familiar form. Like the pop group Fleetwood Mac, two of the group’s members were female, two male. Furthermore, each member served dual vocal roles, fully capable of handling the lead but also capable of creating rich harmony blends with one another. The road to success, however, proved to be a difficult one for Little Big Town. The band experienced a number of business crises with its first two labels, an artistically unsatisfying debut, and several personal issues that threatened to derail the group before its career had properly started. But Little Big Town persevered despite the odds, eventually recording an album that won both critical and popular acceptance, transforming the band into one of the hottest country acts of 2006. Little Big Town built its sound from the roots of country music and enriched it with lush, four-part harmony. “Here’s the best two-man, two-woman four-part harmony group in country music,” wrote Howard Cohen in the Miami Herald. Little Big Town formed in 1999 from the longtime friendship of Kimberly Roads, Karen Fairchild, and Jimi Westbrook. The group solidified when the three, after

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embers include Karen Fairchild, vocals; Kim-

berly Roads, vocals; Phillip Sweet, vocals;

Jimi Westbrook, vocals. Founded in 1999 and signed to Mercury; signed to Sony Monument, 2001; released Little Big Town, 2002; signed to Clint Black’s Equity Music Group, released The Road to Here, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Equity Group Records, P.O. Box 331666, Nashville, TN 37203. Website— Little

Big

Town

Official

Website:

http://www.

littlebigtown.com.

auditioning a number of candidates, sang with Phillip Sweet in Roads’s living room. “We knew when we heard the blend of our voices,” Fairchild told Brian Dugger in the Blade, “that it was the blend we were looking for. It’s almost sibling harmony.” In 1999 Little Big Town appeared on the Grand Ole Opry and signed with Mercury. The group entered the studio and worked on four songs over the next eight months, but despite the band’s hard work, they were unhappy with the results. After Mercury agreed to release Little Big Town from its contract, the band signed to Sony Monument in 2001. Little Big Town worked equally hard at Monument and issued its self-titled debut in 2002. But the fallout following the release of Little Big Town was immediate and devastating. Critics referred to the album as “countrified ABBA” and “blatantly bland.” While Little Big Town was naturally less than happy about the reviews, the band was even unhappier with Sony’s attempt to turn the group into another cookie-cutter version of a pretty-pop-country quartet. “Their sound was polished to a pop sheen,” complained Little Big Town’s official biography. “Their once-soulful vocals were reduced to vanilla pudding. Their visual image was so stylized that they looked like cast members from The Young and the Restless.” Despite the critical drubbing, Little Big Town reached number 40 on the country music charts and spawned two minor hits, “Everything Changes” and “Don’t Waste My Time.” Topping off a year of bad breaks, Little Big Town was dropped when Monument downsized. Many bands would have called it a day, but Little Big Town persisted after much soul searching. Fairchild and Sweet returned to part-time work (as a booking agent and telemarketer respectively) to help support themselves through this rough patch; Westbrook worked as a parking attendant. “You just kind of have to

do what you have to do to keep the dream alive,” Westbrook told Matt Elliott in Tulsa World. Little Big Town also experienced a number of personal crises. Both Fairchild and Sweet were divorced, and while the band was in the process of recording new material, Roads’s husband died of a heart attack. “We just put our heads down, stayed focused,” Fairchild told Janis Fontaine in the Palm Beach Post. “The music is a real healer for us, too. There was a lot of therapy in those writing sessions.” Little Big Town recorded most of the material for its second album, The Road to Here, without a record label. The band relied on the good graces of Wayne Kirkpatrick, a producer who allowed the group to use his studio for months as the members honed their sound. “It was his belief that really kept us going,” Westbrook told Dugger. After recording seven or eight songs, they brought the finished material to Clint Black’s new label, Equity Music Group, in 2005. Luckily for the band, Mike Kraski, who had worked at Sony and co-founded Equity, threw his support behind the band. “I think he felt like it was unfinished business,” Fairchild told Fontaine, “like we didn’t make the record we should have, and we needed a chance to really try, another shot.” Equity released The Road to Here in October of 2005, and the album’s first single, “Boondocks,” quickly rose on the Country and Hot 100 charts. “There’s none of the endemic cutesiness all over mainstream country here,” noted the Village Voice of “Boondocks.” “It’s a big, dusty, unpretentious provincial-pride jam, Southern rock as interpreted by an unnaturally fresh-faced, wholeheartedly Christian co-ed quartet.” Other critics concurred. “The album is rich in the band’s signature four-part harmony,” wrote Cathalena E. Burch in the Arizona Daily Star, “with an overriding acoustic arch.” The Road to Here was soon certified gold, and two more singles, “Bring It on Home” and “Good as Gone,” joined “Boondocks” on the charts. “A year and a few months ago the four of us were still in a van driving ourselves around and keeping part-time jobs to pay our bills,” Fairchild recalled in 2006 to Marry Ellen Hopkins in the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. “We’ve seen so much happen this year it’s been really thrilling.” Little Big Town toured widely during 2006, playing dates with Keith Urban and Alan Jackson. “Keith Urban gave us the opportunity of a lifetime,” Fairchild told Hopkins. “He put us in front of thousands of people every night and we had to go out there and earn the crowd, because they didn’t know who we were.” Near the end of 2006 Fairchild and Westbrook married. Little Big Town continued to work hard at the beginning of 2007, planning to build on its success from the previous year. The band had begun writing new material in December, and hoped to book studio time in the spring and release a new album in the fall of 2007. Little Big Town also remained in close contact with its fans, performing over 200 concerts a year and signing autographs after shows. “The studio is a fun, creative

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process,” Sweet told Howard Cohen in the Miami Herald, “but then you get out and perform the songs live and get a true gauge of how someone will respond to them.”

Blade, January 29, 2006. Miami Herald, May 7, 2006; May 9, 2006. Palm Beach Post, November 30, 2006. Tulsa World, October 12, 2006.

Online

Selected discography Little Big Town, Sony Monument, 2002. The Road to Here, Equity Music Group, 2005.

Sources Periodicals Arizona Daily Star, October 24, 2005. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, April 20, 2006.


“Little Big Town,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 15, 2007). “Little Big Town - Little Big Town,” About Country Music, http://countrymusic.about.com (February 15, 2007). “Little Big Town, Little Big Town,” Music Box, http://www. musicbox-online.com (February 15, 2007). Little Big Town Official Website, http://www.littlebigtown.com (February 15, 2007). “Quarterly Report: Status’s Favorite New Singles,” Village Voice, http://www.villagevoice.com (February 15, 2007). —Ronald D. Lankford, Jr.

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Los Lonely Boys Rock Band

rarity in the modern music business, the Los Lonely Boys are a free-wheeling blues-rock outfit that have built a national reputation on the Adult Contemporary charts. Best-known for their sweet soul ballad “Heaven,” the group consists of brothers Henry, JoJo, and Ringo Garza. They are the leading modern proponents of the Texican sound—equal parts blues ala Stevie Ray Vaughan, rock, and Tejano. At the heart of the trio’s sound is oldest brother Henry, whose stinging guitar phrases incorporate shades of Carlos Santana and Richie Valens with the best of classic Texas bluesmen Albert King, Albert Collins, and T-Bone Walker. As a vocalist his voice reveals a strong subtext of urban soul that is especially apparent in his love ballads. However, the group also believes in old fashioned rock’n’roll showmanship, ending each set with a blistering instrumental that features Henry and JoJo playing one-handed, tossing their instruments in the air and playing wild riffs with the bass and guitar. The group’s ability to entertain while making authentic roots-rock, blues, and Tex-Mex has resulted in a solid national tour schedule for the young group.

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embers include Henry Garza (born May 14, 1978); JoJo Garza, (born Joey Sacarai Garza

on June 4, 1981); Ringo Garza Jr. (born Enrique Garza Jr. on November 29, 1982). All three were born in Snyder, Texas, and grew up in San Angelo. Singer-songwriters and rock band; began their career playing as a backing band for their father, 1991; released album on their own label, 1998; officially became Los Lonely Boys, 2000; signed with Epic Records, 2003; appeared on such televison programs as CMT Crossroads, Late Night with Conan O’Brien, Austin City Limits, Saturday Night Live, The Jimmy Kimmel Show, The View, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, and the 2005 American Music Awards; appeared in the documentary/concert film Los Lonely Boys: Cottonfields and Crossroads, 2006. Awards: Austin Music Awards, Band of the Year, 2004; Grammy Award, Best Pop Vocal Duo/Group, for “Heaven,” 2005. Addresses: Record company—Sony Music, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022-3211, website: http:// www.sonybmgmusic.com.

Management—Loophole

Entertainment, P.O. Box 16205, Austin, TX 78716, e-mail:

[email protected].

Booking—

Monterey International, Inc., 200 West Superior, Ste. 202, Chicago, IL 60610, phone: 312-640-7500, fax: 312-640-7515. Website—Official artist website: http:// www.loslonelyboys.org.

Started Out with Their Dad Born in Snyder, Texas, the Los Lonely Boys and their sisters, Chrissie and Carey, were raised in nearby San Angelo, an area filled with cattle ranches, cottonfields, and a nearby Air Force base. Their father, Enrique Jose Garza (Ringo Sr.), made his living touring with a popular conjunto band called the Falcones. “Our dad had five brothers and a sister, and they had a great conjunto band in the ’70s and ’80s,” Henry Garza told CMT.com. “They did a mixture of stuff that nobody was playing back then, a mixture of conjunto with country music and Spanglish.” It was the oldest boy, Henry, who first showed interest in making music at age four, when he wrote his first song. As he grew older, his 110 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

father taught him guitar, which Henry in turn taught his younger brothers. Eventually the middle brother, Joey, a.k.a. Jojo, taught himself piano before switching to bass guitar, and young Enrique, re-dubbed Ringo Jr., began playing the drums. When the senior Garza’s brother—the drummer—died unexpectedly, the Falcones disbanded. Still itching to make it in the music business, Ringo Sr. began playing shows with his sons as his backing band. Just preteens, the boys honed their stage skills playing a mix of classic rock’n’roll, hard core country, and Tejano. As the band improved, their dad decided to chase his long-held dream of a career as a country singer in Nashville. The transition was rough on the youngsters, who were still in school. “We stood out,” brother Henry told the Phoenix New Times. “Me and my brother JoJo were the only Mexicans in our whole school and so was my little brother [Ringo] in elementary school. We would have people come up to us and say, ‘What are you?’ and we would say, ‘Well, what are you? We’re just human like you!’ They would just freak out. They thought we were Indians or Arabs or Iranians or something.” Living in the roughest section of Nashville, the brothers went to school by day and played gigs into the wee small hours of the morning with their father. As time wore on, the elder Garza saw that Nashville was never going to accept him as a modern country act, and he began to encourage his sons to pursue their own careers and accentuate their rock and blues leanings. Since they had been playing everything from Lynyrd Skynyrd and B.B. King to Ritchie Valens and Willie Nelson, this came naturally to the group. The biggest influence on the band came via the music of Stevie Ray Vaughan. “Everytime I looked at him, it reminded me so much of my dad,” brother Henry told Guitar Player. “They never knew each other, but they’re the same breed of people with the same hands and the same look in their eyes. Stevie opened up my heart and eyes to the blues.” With and without their father, the band shuttled between Nashville and Texas, struggling to get a break. In 1998 they traveled to Athens, Georgia, to record their first album, which contained cover versions of songs they had been playing in clubs. “I was proud of it because it was our first real recording,” Henry told Phoenix New Times, “but I wouldn’t say that’s who we are today.” The band, now officially doing business as Los Lonely Boys, wouldn’t find the right path until they went home to Texas to stay. Kevin Wommack Made Them Stars Los Lonely Boys figured they had everything to gain and little to lose by just staying put in Texas. The Lone Star State is one of the few areas of the country where local live music spots continue to thrive. Austin-based

music manager/booker Kevin Wommack, who had seen them in Nashville, took them on. Not only did Wommack, a former musician, help them get gigs, buy gear, and arrange for transportation, he also aided them in their artistic development. “Their playing, harmonizing, personalities were all there when they were a cover band,” Wommack told Pop Culture Press. “I helped them on songwriting and song structure bridges, choruses, lyrics. ѧ I also strongly suggested they incorporate as much Spanish into their music as they could.” Wommack encouraged the band to sharpen their set so they could play with genuine crowd-pleasing authority when opening for the likes of Chris Duarte, Jimmy Vaughan, and Taj Mahal. The manager also got Los Lonely Boys a high profile gig at the Farm Aid concert in 2002. Immediately they made a new fan of Willie Nelson, who has since toured and recorded with the band. Getting a major record label interested in them was another matter entirely. They recorded an album’s worth of material with Nelson’s nephew Freddy Fletcher and reworked the tracks with veteran producer Jim Gaines, but no labels were interested. Los Lonely Boys wrote some new songs, worked in Nelson’s Arlyn-Pedernales studio with producer John Porter, and were signed to a deal that shared label credit with Or Music and Epic. Their first album, Los Lonely Boys, was a first-rate mix of raucous blues, countryfied rock, and Adult Contemporary soul that sold over two million copies. The album launched the romantic hit “Heaven,” which reached number one on the Adult Contemporary charts, and the equally fine “More Than Love,” which hit number 31. Their newfound success was capped off by a 2005 Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Duo/Group for “Heaven.” The eldest brother’s reaction to the award was noted on the Los Lonely Boys website. “To see brothers like us,” observed Henry Garza, “from where we came from, and even our race, do what we do and cross boundaries like we did ѧ I think it’s really cool for people to see.” Still Growing as Artists With a hit album under their belts, Los Lonely Boys toured non-stop through most of 2004 and 2005. They released two albums that mixed longtime band favorites with live versions of songs from their first album. Both Live at the Fillmore and Live at the Blue Cat Blues demonstrated how far the group had come as musicians. Finally, they were able to create and release their second studio album, Saved, in 2006. Expanding upon their vision, the Garza brothers brought in co-writers for two songs, the Doobie Brothers’s Pat Simmons for “Roses” and Nashville veteran Gary Nicholson for “Outlaws.” They also asked

returning producer John Porter to play a second guitar so they could achieve a fuller rhythm base. More important, the band added horns. None of the brothers had ever learned how to read music, but thanks to their father they knew how to explain their wants to the horn section. Throughout the recording process Henry Garza recalled creative disputes with his producer. “I was constantly butting heads with the producer on this album,” he told Guitar Player, “because I wanted to get the sounds I was hearing, not what he was hearing. It kind of cheapens it when somebody else comes up with your tone.” Although the initial single, “Diamonds,” was only a modest hit, all the hard work and creative tensions seemed to pay off. Despite brother JoJo’s 2006 arrest for marijuana possession and assault, Sacred hit number two on The Billboard 200 chart. That same year saw the limited theatrical release of a documentary/ concert film that chronicled their rise to fame, Los Lonely Boys: Cottonfields & Crossroads. The success has allowed Los Lonely Boys to live a more luxurious life when they’re home, and they even own a custom car shop in San Angelo, but don’t look for them to quit the road anytime soon. “Family and music is our life, a way of life and that’s very sacred to us,” brother Henry philosophized on the band’s website. “You come into this world singing a song and you leave it singing a song.”

Selected discography Singles “Heaven,” Epic, 2004. “More Than Love,” Epic, 2004. “Diamonds,” Epic, 2006.

Albums Los Lonely Boys, Epic, 2003. Live at the Fillmore, Epic, 2005. Live at Blue Cat Blues, Blue Cat, 2006. Sacred, Epic, 2006.

Video Texican Style: Live from Austin, Sony, 2004. Live at the Fillmore, Sony, 2006. Los Lonely Boys: Cottonfields & Crossroads, Sony, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Guitar Player, September 2006. Hollywood Reporter, February 8, 2007.

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Online “A Day in the Life: An Interview with Austin Music Manager Kevin Wommack,” Pop Culture Press, http://www. popculturepress.com, Issue 62, 2006. “Los Lonely Boys,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 9, 2007). “Los Lonely Boys,” Internet Movie Database, http://www. imdb.com (February 9, 2007).


Los Lonely Boys Official Website, http://www.loslonelyboys. org (February 9, 2007). “Los Lonely Boys survive the family biz in Nashvilleѧ,” Phoenix New Times, http://www.phoenixnewtimes (December 11, 2003). “Oye Como Va,” Austin Chronicle, http://www. austinchronicle.com (February 19, 2007). —Ken Burke

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ne of the hottest artists in country music during the 1970s and 1980s, Barbara Mandrell is best remembered for such hits as “Sleeping Single in a Double Bed,” “I Don’t Want to Be Right,” and “I Was Country When Country Wasn’t Cool.” A multi-talented instrumentalist, Mandrell played accordion, bass guitar, banjo, guitar, mandolin, pedal steel guitar, dobro, and saxophone, often doing so during the course of one number. Renowned as an entertainer’s entertainer, she garnered numerous awards, including the Country Music Association’s Entertainer of the Year in 1980 and the People’s Choice Award for Favorite AllAround Female Entertainer for six consecutive years beginning in 1982. At her peak, Mandrell also hosted her own variety show, Barbara Mandrell and the Mandrell Sisters, with her sisters, Louise and Irlene, from 1980-82. She remained a major concernt draw well into the late 1980s, when a car accident nearly took her life.

Barbara Mandrell

Mandrell was born on Christmas Day, 1948, in Houston, Texas. Her father, Irby Mandrell, owned a music shop, and her mother, the former Mary McGill, was a music teacher. Early in her childhood, Barbara became interested in music. The first instrument she learned to play was the accordion, which she played at her family’s church when she was only five. Once she grew a little older, the youngster took pedal steel guitar lessons from family friend Norman Hamlet, famed in country circles for his ability with the instrument. By the time Mandrell was eleven years old, she was paid to demonstrate steel guitars at a music trade show in Chicago that she attended with her father. When they returned to Oceanside, California, where they had moved from Houston, country performer and doubleneck guitar virtuoso Joe Maphis got her a job as a regular on a local country variety show, Town Hall Party. The following year she performed on the nationwide ABC television show Five Star Jubilee. Subsequently, Mandrell took part in a three-week tour of the Southwest with country greats such as Patsy Cline, Johnny Cash, and George Jones. Meanwhile, she added to her repertoire of instruments, which now included saxophone, banjo, guitar, dobro, mandolin, and bass, in addition to the accordion and the pedal steel guitar.

Michael Buckner/Getty Images

Country singer, instrumentalist

But country music was not as popular in 1960 as it was to become in later decades, and Mandrell suffered socially for her childhood stardom in the field. She told Country Music reporter Michael Bane that after “doing a four-hour live television show ѧ I would go back to school on Monday and the kids would yell ‘Yee-haw!’ or ‘Hillbilly!’—poking fun at me. It continued through high school.” During some of these high school years she managed to find the time to travel with her father’s band, entertaining U.S. servicemen stationed in the Pacific and the Far East. Mandrell first recorded for Joe Maphis’s Mosrite label in 1963, while appearing on West Coast television. At age 16 she was crowned “Miss Oceanside.” Mandrell had Mandrell • 113


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orn December 25, 1948, in Houston, Texas; daughter of Irby (a music shop owner, entertainer, and talent manager) and Mary (a music teacher; maiden name, McGill) Mandrell; married, husband’s name Ken Dudney; children: Matthew, Jaime (daughter), Nathaniel. Multi-instrumentalist, singer, and actress; toured with country stars Patsy Cline, Johnny Cash, and George Jones, c. 1962; entertained U.S. Armed Forces with father’s band in the Pacific and Far East, c. 1965; played and sang with the Curly Chalker Trio, c. 1969; recording artist and concert performer, 1969-2006; wrote autobiography with George Vescey, 1990; appeared in movie version of book, Get to the Heart—The Barbara Mandrell Story, 1997; officially retired from active performing, 2006. Awards: Music City News Awards: Best Female Vocalist, 1979; Female Vocalist and Musician of the Year, 1981; Best Comedy Act and Best TV Series, for Barbara Mandrell & the Mandrell Sisters, 1981; Female Vocalist of the Year, Musician of the Year, and Best TV series, 1982; Cashbox Awards: Female Entertainer, Female Vocalist of the Year, and Outstanding Artistic Achievement, 1979; Entertainer of the Year, 1981; Billboard magazine: Single of the Year, for “Sleeping Single in a Double Bed,” 1979; Top Female Singles Artist, 1981; American Music Awards: Single of the Year, for “Sleeping Single in a Double Bed,” 1979; Favorite Female Country Music Vocalist, 1982; Favorite Country Music Vocalist, 1983; Country Music Association Awards: Female Vocalist of the Year, 1979; Entertainer of the Year and Female Vocalist of the Year, 1981; Academy of Country Music Awards: Female Vocalist of the Year and Entertainer of the Year, 1979; Entertainer of the Year and Top Female Vocalist of the Year, 1981; Country Style Magazine, Female Vocalist of the Year, 1980; Record World Magazine, Top Female Vocalist, 1981; Grammy Award for Best Gospel or Other Including Sacred, Religious or inspirational Recordings, 1982; Grammy Award, Best Soul Gospel Performance By A Duo, Choir, or Chorus, for “I’m So Glad I’m Standing Here Today,” 1983; six consecutive People’s Choice Awards for Favorite All-Around Female Entertainer, 1982-87. Addresses: Website—Official artist website: http:// www.barbara-mandrell.com.


intended to curtail her performing when she married Ken Dudney in 1967, but this was not to be. Fearing loneliness when Dudney was shipped overseas for Air Force duty, she decided to live with her parents for the duration of his assignment—and her father had taken a job in Nashville. When she accompanied him to a Grand Ole Opry show, Mandrell was filled with determination to become a major country star, and landed a spot with a Nashville band called the Curly Chalker Trio. She played steel guitar and sang, and when producer Billy Sherrill of Columbia Records sat in on their show, he signed Mandrell to a recording contract in 1969. Mandrell’s first releases blended soul with countrypolitan on her remakes of Roy Head’s “Treat Her Right,” Show Tex’s “Show Me,” and Aretha Franklin’s “Do Right Woman—Do Right Man.” These moderately successful sides remained crowd-pleasing staples of her show for years to come, but her first big breakthrough with country fans came in 1973 with the single “Midnight Angel.” As she recalled for Bane, the cheating song struck a chord with her female audiences: “To my knowledge, that was the first time a girl had said, ‘Say, I’ll cheat.’ It had always been him who was slipping around. ѧ The timing was right on.” Mandrell followed with other hits throughout the 1970s, including “Standing Room Only,” “That’s What Friends Are For,” and “Love Is Thin Ice.” She had big smashes with “Married, But Not to Each Other” in 1977 and “Sleeping Single in a Double Bed” in 1979. The latter was voted Single of the Year by the American Music Awards, but that wasn’t enough for Mandrell; she quickly scored two more hits with “I Don’t Want to Be Right” and “Fooled by a Feeling.” During the 1980s Mandrell had more hits, including “Years,” “Crackers,” and “Wish You Were Here,” but her best loved song from that era was her duet with George Jones on “I Was Country When Country Wasn’t Cool,” and her newfound popularity on television allowed her to make such a sweetly sung boast. Supported by her two sisters, Louise and Irlene, who were also talented on a wide variety of instruments, the show Barbara Mandrell and the Mandrell Sisters lasted two seasons, after which her doctor ordered the perfectionist star to slow down. Sister Louise, younger by six years, went on to fashion a nice string of hits for RCA from 1982 to 1987. Irlene went on to regular roles on the syndicated Hee Haw and The Love Boat. The increased recognition brought eldest sister Barbara Mandrell six consecutive People’s Choice Awards for Favorite AllAround Female Entertainer during the span from 1982 to 1987. Moreover, the singer’s heartfelt foray into gospel music won her two Grammy Awards in 1982 and 1983, respectively. At the peak of her popularity, Mandrell had a major setback when she was involved in a serious automobile accident in 1984. According to Toni Reinhold in Redbook, the singer “sustained multiple fractures in

her right leg, including a broken thigh bone, knee and ankle. She also suffered lacerations and abrasions and a severe concussion that caused temporary memory loss, confusion and speech difficulties.” After a year and a half of rehabilitation, she recovered and returned to recording and performing, but the accident made her reassess her priorities; after that she spent more time with her family and limited the number of concerts and recording dates. After label hopping from MCA to EMI and Capitol, Mandrell’s string of hits appeared to be over. She continued to be active, however, and began work on an autobiography. In 1990 she released the album Morning Sun, which featured a duet performance of “Crazy Arms” with Ray Price and a remake of that singer’s “You Wouldn’t Know Love if It Looked You in the Eye.” For a time Mandrell accepted occasional acting parts on such episodic television shows as The Rockford Files and Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman, or made-for-TV movies like Burning Cage, but the the profoundly religious entertainer would never accept any role that conflicted with her deeply held values. Still a powerhouse on stage, Mandrell and her band the Do-Rite Boys played Las Vegas and other high profile venues. By 2006 the Nashville establishment had begun to appreciate the doors she had opened for today’s country and pop performers. Both CMT and GAC ran tribute specials, and BNA Entertainment enlisted the likes of Reba McIntyre, Brad Paisley, Gretchen Wilson, Sara Evens, Willie Nelson, Lorrie Morgan, Dierks Bently and Cece Winans, to redo her classic hits for a tribute set titled She Was Country When Country Wasn’t Cool. But don’t look for her to make a comeback anytime soon. “So far my retirement has been a remarkable and wonderful time of my life, too,” she wrote on her website. “I’m so very happy and satisfied with the day to day challenges that being a homemaker sends my way. I thank God for all of his blessings.”

Selected discography Singles “Playing Around With Love,” Columbia, 1970. (With David Houston) “After Closing Time,” Epic, 1970. “Do Right Woman - Do Right Man,” Columbia, 1971. “Treat Him Right,” Columbia, 1971. (With Houston) “We’ve Got Everything But Love” Epic, 1971. “Tonight My Baby’s Coming Home,” Columbia, 1972. “Show Me,” Columbia, 1972. “Give a Little, Take a Little,” Columbia, 1973. “Midnight Oil,” Columbia, 1973. (With Houston) “I Love You, I Love You,” Epic, 1974. (With Houston) “Ten Commandments of Love,” Epic, 1974. “This Time I Almost Made It,” Columbia, 1974. “Standing Room Only,” ABC/Dot, 1975. “That’s What Friends Are For,” ABC/Dot, 1976. “Love Is Thin Ice,” ABC/Dot, 1976. “Woman to Woman,” ABC/Dot, 1977.

“Married, But Not to Each Other,” ABC/Dot 1977. “Hold Me,” ABC/Dot, 1977. “Tonight,” ABC, 1978. “Sleeping Single in a Double Bed,” ABC, 1979. “I Don’t Want to Be Right,” ABC, 1979. “Fooled by a Feeling,” MCA, 1979. “Years,” MCA, 1980. “Crackers,” MCA, 1980. “The Best of Strangers,” MCA, 1980. “Love Is Fair”/“Sometimes, Somewhere, Somehow,” MCA, 1981. “Wish You Were Here,” MCA, 1981. (With George Jones) “I Was Country When Country Wasn’t Cool,” MCA, 1981. “’Till You’re Gone,” MCA, 1982. “Operator, Long Distance Please,” MCA, 1982. “In Times Like These,” MCA, 1983. “One of a Kind Pair of Fools,” MCA, 1983. “Happy Birthday Dear Heartache,” MCA, 1984. “Only a Lonely Heart Knows,” MCA, 1984. (With Lee Greenwood) “To Me,” MCA, 1984. “Crossword Puzzle,” MCA, 1984. (With Greenwood) “It Should Have Been Love By Now,” MCA, 1985. “There’s No Love in Tennessee,” MCA, 1985. “Angel in Your Arms” MCA, 1985. “Fast Lanes and Country Roads,” MCA, 1985. (With the Oak Ridge Boys) “When You Get to the Heart,” MCA, 1986. “No One Mends a Broken Heart Like You,” MCA, 1986. “Child Support,” EMI America, 1987. “I Wish That I Could Fall in Love Today,” Capitol, 1988. “My Train of Thought,” Capitol, 1989. (With Ray Price) “Crazy Arms,” Capitol, 1990. “You Wouldn’t Know Love if It Looked You in the Eye,” Capitol, 1990.

Albums Treat Him Right, Columbia, 1971. (With Houston) Perfect Match, Epic, 1973. This Time I Almost Made It, Columbia, 1974. This Is Barbara Mandrell, MCA, 1976. Midnight Angel, MCA, 1977. Lovers, Friends, and Strangers, MCA, 1977. Loves Ups and Downs, MCA, 1978. Moods, MCA, c. 1978. Best of Barbara Mandrell, MCA, 1979. Just for the Record, MCA, 1979. Love Is Fair, MCA, 1980. Barbara Mandrell Live, MCA, 1981. Looking Back, Columbia, 1981. He Set My Life to Music, MCA, 1982. In Black & White, MCA, 1982. Spun Gold, MCA, 1983. Barbara Mandrell, MCA, 1984. Christmas at Our House, MCA, 1984. Clean Cut, MCA, 1984. Meant for Each Other, MCA, 1984. Get to the Heart, MCA, 1985. Greatest Hits, MCA, 1985. Moments, MCA, 1986. Sure Feels Good, EMI America, 1987. I’ll Be Your Jukebox Tonight, Capitol, 1988. Morning Sun, Capitol, 1990. Key’s in the Mailbox, Liberty, 1991.

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No Nonsense, Liberty, 1991. The Collection, Capitol, 1995. Ultimate, Bransounds, 1995. It Works for Me, Razor & Tie, 1997. Branson City Limits [live], Unison, 1998. Sisters in Song, Sony, 1999. 20th Century Masters—The Millenium Collection: The Best of Barbara Mandrell, MCA, 2000. The Midnight Oil/Treat Him Right, Collectables, 2000. Columbia/Epic Singles 1969-75, WestSide, 2002. Best of Barbara Mandrell, Universal, 2004. Back in the Saddle, Sony Legacy, 2005.

Video Best of Barbara Mandrell & the Mandrell Sisters Show, TimeLife, 2007.

Sources Books Conn, Charles Paul, The Barbara Mandrell Story, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1988.


Mandrell, Barbara, with George Vescey, Get to the Heart—My Story, Bantam Books, 1990. McCloud, Barry, Definitive Country—The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Country Music and Its Performers, Perigree, 1995. Stambler, Irwin, and Grelun Landon, Country Music—The Encyclopedia, St. Martin’s Griffin, 1997.

Periodicals Country Music, January/February 1990. McCall’s, May 1988. Redbook, April 1988.

Online “Barbara Mandrell,” All Movie Guide, http://www.allmovie. com (March 2, 2007). “Barbara Mandrell,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (March 2, 2007). “Barbara Mandrell,” Internet Movie Database, http://www. imdb.com (March 2, 2007). Barbara Mandrell Official Website, http://www.barbaramandrell.com, (March 2, 2007). —Elizabeth Thomas and Ken Burke

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lashy, flamboyant, and fiercely independent, Lebo Mathosa’s star burned brightly for a tragically short time. She launched her singing career as a teen in Boom Shaka in the mid-1990s and quickly established herself as the group’s focal point. In 1999 she initiated a solo career, placing a series of albums on the charts and ascending to the top of the South African music scene. Mathosa also caught the public’s eye as a model, and was known for her ostentatious, sexy style of dressing. Her brief reign as South Africa’s Pop Princess ended tragically, however, when her car overturned in Johannesburg on October 23, 2006, killing her. “We believe,” Pallo Jordan was quoted in Cape Argus, “that Lebo Mathosa’s life was a significant example of a living African spirit seizing the opportunity to take a rightful place in the world.”

Lebo Mathosa

Born on July 17, 1977, Mathosa was the eldest child of Magdeline and Gerrit Mathosa. She grew up in Daveyton near Johannesburg, and was drawn to music at an early age. At seven, she began singing gospel in a local choir, dreaming of singing lead. “I don’t think I can really pinpoint what drew me to music,” Mathosa told Art Matters. “I was born with it in my veins.” Mathosa’s potential was recognized by South Africa’s leading pop star, Brenda Fassie. Fassie, serving as the young singer’s mentor, invited Mathosa to live with her. “There will never be a day when I will upstage the great Brenda Fassie,” Mathosa told Art Matters. “She was and still is my idol. She inspired me to do what I do, how I do it.”

Singer

Jo Hale/Getty Images

In 1994 Mathosa met Junior Sokhela, an aspiring rapper, and together with Theo Nhlengethwa and Thembi Seete formed Boom Shaka. The band performed kwaito, a distinct, kitchen-sink style that mixed rap, house, and other elements into an energetic, danceable blend. Boom Shaka released Its About Time in 1996, and gained a reputation for professional shows filled with choreographed dancing. But Boom Shaka also offended some viewers with the group’s daring onstage behavior. “The group courted controversy with their short skirts, pierced noses, Doc Marten boots, knee-length braids and sexually provocative dances,” wrote South Africa’s Sunday Tribune. In 1998 the band offended some in the older generation when it added dance beats to its version of the South African National anthem, “Nkosi Sikelela.” Despite the controversy, Boom Shaka reached a large audience and seemed to speak for a new generation of South Africans. After several releases, Mathosa departed from the group and established her solo career by releasing Dream in 2000, an album that expanded Boom Shaka’s sound. Dream won Best Dance Album, Best Dance Single, and Best Female Vocalist Awards at the South African Music Awards, and achieved gold status. “I am a diverse musician,” she told Art Matters, “and cannot really label my music anything in particular. ѧ I try to include genres that make people happy and give them inspiration.” Mathosa • 117


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orn July 17, 1977, in South Africa; died October

of Africa’s sexiest women by FHM Magazine, and in 2001 received Style’s Best Dressed Woman of the Year Award. In 2006 Mathosa released her third solo album, Lioness.

23, 2006, in Johannesburg, South Africa; son of

Magdeline and Gerrit Mathosa. Member of Boom Shaka, 1994-99; launched solo career and released Dream, 2000; issued Drama Queen, 2004, and Lioness, 2006. Awards: South African Music Awards, Best Dance Album, Best Dance Single, Best Female Vocalist, 2000; South African Music Awards, Best Dance Album, 2004. Addresses: Record company—EMI, 810 Seventh Ave., 36th Fl., New York, NY 10019, website: http://www. emigroup.com.

Four years would pass before Mathosa released her second album, and rumors circulated that she was dead. “I had to step back for a while, ’cause when you release one album after the other people may stop craving,” she told Tonight. “It is just a strategy.” She returned in 2004, issuing Drama Queen. “The new release saw Mathosa mixing styles,” wrote Shola Adenekan in the London Guardian, “and some saw its title as an appropriate comment on a lifestyle of tantrums, fast cars, bisexuality and alcohol.” As with Dream, Drama Queen won Best Dance Album. Mathosa also built her fan base with frequent live performances, and became noted for her outrageous, high octane stage antics. She appeared as far abroad as Malaysia and Trafalgar Square in London, and performed at Nelson Mandela’s 85th birthday celebration. “What matters,” she told Great Art Daily, “is that you like what I do–do you enjoy watching me perform? I want people to come back and see me perform on stage, switch on the TV to see my videos, turn up the radio when my song is playing.” In 2004 Mathosa mourned the death of her mentor, Fassie, who died from drug-induced cardiac arrest. “You can’t deny death, you can’t fear it,” she told Great Art Daily. “I’m sure God has a better place for us, if you’re a believer.” In addition to her work in music, Mathosa expanded her career into acting and modeling. She was approached by a producer in 1999-2000, and appeared in popular television shows such as Generations, Backstage, and Muvhango, and the movie Soldiers of the Rock. Mathosa also toured the United States in a South African version of The Vagina Monologues. She was voted one


Multi-talented and with an ever-growing fan base, Mathosa’s artistic and popular potential seemed unlimited. But at the apex of her musical career, tragedy struck. On the night of October 23, 2006, Mathosa and a companion were traveling near Johannesburg when her Land Cruiser overturned several times sometime after midnight. Paramedics arrived on the scene and attempted to revive Mathosa before pronouncing her dead at 1:05 a.m. Speaking of her last big concert, her ex-manager told South Africa’s Star: “Her voice was powerful as she went through her hits. ѧ She was larger than life. Watching her, I realized she was at the top of her career. And in that instant she was untouchable–one of the greatest performers of our time.” Mathosa’s life and music left a deep impression on South African culture while also introducing South African culture to the world. She made waves in the music industry, battling to control her publishing rights and setting a high-profile example of artistic freedom for other performers. At the time of her death, Mathosa had also planned to start her own record label. While she often courted controversy with her flamboyant lifestyle, she maintained that her private life was much different. “I adore chilling at home with my family, my mom,” she told Art Matters. “Lebo Mathosa is different from the stage performer and actress. She loves to relax.” South Africans, however, would remember the extroverted vitality and vibrant presence of the public Mathosa. “With her peroxide-blonde hair,” wrote Adenekan, “Mathosa epitomized the affluent, confident and media-savvy part of the generation that came of a post-apartheid age and inherited the nation’s young democracy.”

Selected discography Dream, 2000. Drama Queen, 2004. Lioness, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Cape Argus, October 25, 2006. Guardian (London, England), October 28, 2006. Star (South Africa), October 24, 2006. Sunday Tribune (South Africa), October 29, 2006.

Online “Interview With Lebo Mathosa,” Great Art Daily, http:// kaganof.com/ (February 9, 2007). “Lebo Mathosa,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/ (February 9, 2007).

“New Music, But Still the Same Lebo,” Tonight, http:// wwwtonight.co.za/ (February 9, 2007). “South African Artist Sets Her Eyes on East Africa,” Art Matters, http://www.artmatters.com/ (February 9, 2007). —Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr.

Mathosa • 119

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s a singer, songwriter, and political activist, Nellie McKay has garnered a reputation as a talented and contentious performer. From the artistic merit of Get Away From Me to her battles with Columbia Records, to her role in Bertolt Brecht’s The Threepenny Opera, she has pursued her muse. While McKay’s political asides have occasionally irritated concertgoers and her demands as an artist have occasionally left reviewers incredulous, no one has doubted the power of her music. Combing styles as far-flung as jazz, rap, and pop, she has presented an eclectic set list that defies easy categorization. “Nellie McKay is the epitome of the misfit child at school who was too brainy for the teachers, too kooky for her peers, [but ended] up with a far more exciting life than all of them,” wrote Lynsey Hanley in the London Daily Telegraph.

Nellie McKay

Nellie McKay was born Eleanor McKay on April 13, 1982, in London, England. Her father was British filmmaker Malcolm McKay; her mother was the American actor Robin Pappas. McKay’s parents divorced when she was two, and she moved to New York City with her mother, where they remained until 1994. After a brief move to Olympia, Washington, mother and daughter settled in a suburban neighborhood in Swiftwater, Pennsylvania. In high school music classes, McKay learned to play the saxophone, though she often found herself in conflict with her teachers. She later attended the Manhattan School of Music, but found the atmosphere oppressive and left after two years. Remembering the Manhattan School in 2004, McKay told Julia Bloch in Curve, “I’m very happy that all those people that laughed ѧ at me are getting a little diploma in two weeks, and I’m opening for Sting.”

Singer, songwriter

Paul Hawthorne/Getty Images

In New York, McKay first appeared in Manhattan clubs as a standup comic, but soon shifted to performing music at night spots in Greenwich Village. In 2002-03 she became part of the anti-folk movement in New York City and worked with Jason Trachtenburg and others at the Sidewalk Café. At the beginning of 2003 McKay’s profile rose after Jay Ruttenberg from Time Out saw her perform at the Tonic on the Lower East Side and wrote a feature piece. Soon a number of record labels offered her contracts. In the summer of 2003 McKay signed with Columbia.


McKay’s tenure at Columbia would be a rocky one. “I’ve only been in the business ѧ six months,” she told Cyndi Lauper in Interview, “but already I’m considered ‘difficult.’ It’s hard living a life where you have to fight for what you want and what you believe.” Before her first album was released, she lobbied for a double CD release, even though the new album was only 60 minutes long. Finally the label relented, after McKay agreed to contribute $25,000 to the project. The title of McKay’s new album, Get Away From Me, was likewise contentious, an intentional slap at Norah Jones’s immensely popular Come Away With Me and the smoother version of jazz it represented.


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orn Eleanor McKay on April 13, 1982, in London, England; daughter of Malcolm McKay and Robin

Pappas. Signed with Columbia Records, 2003; released Get Away From Me, 2004; released Pretty Little Head, Hungry Mouse, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Columbia Records, 550 Madison Ave., 24th Fl., New York, New York, 10022, phone:

212-833-5607,

website:

http://www.

columbiarecords.com

McKay’s creative streak ran a gauntlet of styles, from rap (“Sari”) to jazz (“Manhattan Avenue”) to pop (“David”). She also revealed a knack for undercutting rich melodies with satirical lyrics, on “I Wanna Get Married” and “Clonie.” Critics responded warmly to the album. “A striking mix of radical and traditional, raw emotion and literate expression, hip-hop and vocal pop, Nellie McKay’s Get Away from Me is the kind of feverishly inventive, sprawling album that only comes from young artists,” wrote Heather Phares in All Music Guide. Ben Wener, writing for the Orange County Register, concurred: “Get Away From Me, an audacious pastiche of pop, cabaret, Broadway and hip-hop, is [McKay’s] Citizen Kane, innovatively pointing the way out of formulaic doldrums.” Near the end of 2005, McKay experienced another battle with Columbia, this time over her new album Pretty Little Head. As with Get Away From Me, she asked the label to issue a double album with 23 tracks and a 65-minute running time. Columbia, however, wanted to release a shorter version of the album on one disc. McKay openly discussed her dilemma with concert audiences, going so far as to provide a Columbia executive’s email so that fans could petition the label to release the album in her preferred format. “If they put out the album that way,” McKay was quoted in the Buffalo News, “then I’m going to quit music and I’ll never sing again.” Pretty Little Head was released on McKay’s own Hungry Mouse Records on October 31, 2006. As with Get Away From Me, the 23 songs were divided between two CDs. Unlike its predecessor, McKay produced the album herself, opting for a looser, less polished approach to recording. The lyrics were more directly political, too, from “Columbia’s Bleeding,” a protest

against Columbia University’s animal research labs, to “Cupcake,” a song about gay marriage. “Pretty Little Head sounds like a record from a woman coming out of girlhood–more confident, more wise about love, and more focused about her concerns, if no less passionate,” wrote John Bush in All Music Guide. McKay’s artistry has continued to evolve and seek new outlets. In the spring of 2006 McKay joined the cast of The Threepenny Opera as Polly Peachum. “The music is wonderful,” she told Alan Light in Mother Jones. “It’s [Threepenny Opera] still so pithy, about all the politicians, the greed and lies and corruption.” McKay also continues to support a number of political causes, including PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals). Both Get Away From Me and Pretty Little Head introduced a singer-songwriter with a complex melodic vision. McKay’s brass and politically-oriented lyrics have gleefully courted controversy, while her confident delivery and command of craft have convinced many critics that in spite of her young age she was the real deal. Her eclecticism, inversion of old styles, and powerful presentation have had a significant impact on her peers, while her willingness to battle a powerful record label has offered encouragement to young artists disinclined to compromise. Although the road to McKay’s future as a musical artist is unlikely to be a smooth one, fans can be assured that it will be a fascinating one of her own choosing.

Selected discography Get Away From Me, Columbia, 2004. Pretty Little Head, Hungry Mouse, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Buffalo News, December 18, 2005. Curve, August 2004. Daily Telegraph (London, England), December 9, 2004. Interview, August 2004. Mother Jones,January-February 2006. Observer (London, England), August 15, 2004. Orange County Register, January 9, 2006.

Online “Nellie McKay,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/ (February 9, 2007). —Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr.

McKay • 121

festivals celebrating rockabilly sprang up all over Europe, and these festivals continue to the present day, attended by diehard rockabilly fans, nostalgia buffs, and motorcycle clubs.

The Meteors Rock group

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ombine rockabilly music, punk attitude, and penchants for trashy horror films, the occult, and serial murderers, and you may have some idea about what the psychobilly genre of rock music is all about—and a pretty fair approximation of the sounds and subject matter created by Britain’s chief proponents of the genre, the Meteors. For more than 25 years, the Meteors have prompted critical comparisons to such U.S. bands as the Cramps by spicing up the self-limited rockabilly formula with an unabashedly punk ethos and affinity for the macabre. The Meteors have undergone many lineup changes since their initial incarnation in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and the one constant has been guitarist, singer, and songwriter Paul Fenech. While the rockabilly genre was spawned in the United States by such acts as Eddie Cochran, Charlie Feathers, Johnny Powers, Gene Vincent, and Elvis Presley in the 1950s, interest in the revved up tempos and more liberated version of country music died out by the early 1960s. In Europe, however, and the United Kingdom in particular, the music spawned the Teddy Boys subculture, which continues into the present. Emulating the look of Marlon Brando in the 1953 film The Wild One, the Teddy Boy culture included leather jackets, white T-shirts, pegged jeans, motorcycles, and rockabilly music. While the Teddy Boys kept rockabilly an ongoing musical concern into the 1960s and early 1970s, the nascent punk scene also latched onto elements of the genre, because it was music that was relatively easy to learn and play. The nostalgia craze of the mid-1970s, incited by such films as American Graffiti, also sparked renewed interest in rockabilly. Huge 122 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

In the 1970s Fenech was guitarist in a rockabilly outfit called the Southern Boys, where he met upright bass player Nigel Lewis. Upon leaving the group, the two performed as the duo Rock Therapy before recruiting Mark Robertson on drums. Billing themselves as Raw Deal, the trio began playing venues around Britain in 1980. Perhaps as a response to the more sanitized rockabilly attaining popularity during this period, or perhaps inspired by the relative success of American group The Cramps’ marriage of rockabilly to the cheesy horror films of the 1950s, Raw Deal began writing songs celebrating the occult and violent subject matters. Raw Deal subsequently changed its name to the Meteors, and set about writing songs based on B-horror movies such as The Hills Have Eyes and Blue Sunshine. The group signed with Island Records, known more for its stable of high quality Jamaican reggae acts, rock group Traffic, and Steve Winwood solo projects than for high-energy rockabilly about flesh-eating ghouls. Although the Meteors had released recordings as singles and had appeared on several rockabilly anthologies, Island released the group’s first full length recording, In Heaven, in 1981. By all critical accounts, the album was an artistic failure, a result that many critics blame on the interference of record company executives unsympathetic to the Meteors’s concept of psychobilly. During this period the group experienced the first of many lineup changes. Lewis and Robertson exited and were replaced by bassist Mick White and drummer Steve “Ginger” Meadham. Released from their contract with Island Records, the Meteors soldiered on. The group released a minor hit in 1983 with an ironic cover of the maudlin 1961 ballad by John Leyton, “Johnny Remember Me,” which appeared on the album Wreckin’ Crew. “Johnny Remember Me” featured what New Musical Express critic Cynthia Rose described as a “spaghetti-Western stab.” Rose continued to negatively review the Meteors’ live set at the time, which consisted of covers of the Troggs’ “Wild Thing” and the Rolling Stones’ “Get Off My Cloud.” Rose wrote: “They’re all bad, some of course worse than others. Most obviously aspire to something Cramps-like but display complete lack of instinct about how this might be accomplished.” All Music Guide critic Mark Deming, however, assessed Wreckin’ Crew in a more positive fashion, noting that “The Meteors sound more billy than psycho; Fenech’s lean and limber guitar chords twang just fine.” Following the release of Wreckin’ Crew, the Meteors continued to experience regular lineup changes and release albums of varying quality. Sewertime Blues, an


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embers include: Shaun Berry (joined in 2000s), vocals, bass guitar; P. Paul Fenech, guitar and

vocals; Wolfgang Hordemann (joined 2000s), drums, guitar; Nigel Lewis (member 1980-83), bass; Steve Meadham (joined 1983), drums; Mark Robertson (member 1980-83), drums; Mick White (joined 1983), bass guitar. Band formed in late 1970s as the Southern Boys; changed name to Rock Therapy and then to Raw Deal, early 1980s; released first album, In Heaven, 1981; released Wreckin’ Crew, featuring hit single, “Johnny Remember Me,” 1983. Addresses: Website—Meteors Official Website: http:// www.kingsofpsychobilly.com.

obvious reference to the Eddie Cochran rockabilly classic “Summertime Blues,” was issued in 1986. All Music Guide critic Stewart Mason declared that the effort “is not one of the Meteors’ key albums. Singer/guitarist Paul Fenech is running on psychobilly fumes throughout.” Despite Mason’s negative assessment, Sewertime Blues was the Meteors’ most successful release in terms of sales. Rather than rest on their laurels and paychecks, the Meteors released Don’t Touch the Bang Bang Fruit, an album All Music Guide critic Dave Thompson described as “brilliance.” In his review, Thompson called the effort “the Meteors at their absolute peak.” Whatever the lineup, Fenech and the Meteors continued to tour internationally and record for more than 25 years. The group’s official website claimed that they have released at least 40 official albums, that Fenech has released six solo albums, and that the group has performed at least 4,500 live shows.

Selected discography In Heaven, Island Records, 1981; reissued on Edsel. Meteors, Ace, 1981.

Live, Wreckem, 1983. Wreckin Crew, ID, 1983. Sewertime Blues, Anagram, 1986. Don’t Touch the Bang Bang Fruit, Anagram, 1988. Corpse Grinder, Cleopatra, 1995. Live, Vol. 2: Live, Leary & F**king Loud!, Dojo, 1995. Graveyard Stomp, Nectar, 1996. Welcome to Wreckin’ Pit, Receiver, 1996. International Wreckers, Vol. 2: The Lost Tapes of Zorch, Receiver, 1996. Bastard Sons of a Rock & Roll Devil, Hellraiser, 1997. Night of the Werewolf, Raucous, 1999. The Mutant Monkey & the Surfers from Zorch, Anagram, 1999. Undead Unfriendly and Unstoppable, Anagram, 1999. Life Styles of the Sick, Summit, 1999. The Meteors Vs. the World, Anagram, 2000. International Wreckers, Sonavabitch, 2001. Madman Roll, Sonavabitch, 2001. Mental Instrumentals, Sonavabitch, 2001. No Surrender, Sonavabitch, 2001. Psycho Down, Anagram, 2001. Live, Vol. 3: Live Styles of the Suck and Shameless, Anagram, 2001. The Final Conflict, Raucous, 2002. Teenagers from Outer Space, Big Beat, 2002. Wreckin’ Live, Castle, 2003. From Beyond, Raucous, 2003. Psychobilly, People Like You, 2003. Hell in the Pacific, Cherry Red, 2004. The Lost Album, Raucous, 2004. These Evil Things, Headhunter, 2005. Hymns for the Hellbound, Prison, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Alternative Press, July 1994. New Musical Express, 1983.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 8, 2007). Kings of Psychobilly: The Meteors Official Website, http:// www.kingsofpsychobilly.com (April 7, 2007). Wrecking Pit: The Psychobilly Homepage, http://www. wreckingpit.com/psycho/bands/themeteors.php3 (April 7, 2007). —Bruce Walker

Meteors, The • 123

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raig Morgan is a country singer whose music expresses his love of traditional values, patriotism, and simple comforts. On his website he noted that he is known as “the singer-songwriter who writes songs about the little things in life,” and “I have a passion for making little things very visual and big, stuff that can be easily overlooked.”

Craig Morgan

“We Grew up Tough” Born in Kingston Springs, Tennessee, Morgan grew up in a small town where down-home, patriotic and traditional values were important. He wrote on his website, “We grew up tough: dirt road, singlewide trailer.” His mother milked a neighbor’s goat to make butter. His down-to-earth roots inspired him with a feeling of gratitude for the simpler things in life, as well as an appreciation for hard work and the people who do it. He wrote on his website that he still helps his crew load gear onto trucks for his shows: “Nobody’s too good to lift boxes. I don’t ever want to get so far away from the people who are out there paying the good hard-earned money to come see our shows.”

Country singer

Morgan became an emergency medical technician (EMT) when he was 18; he joined the Army a few years later and was stationed in South Korea. In 1989 he saw combat in Operation Just Cause in Panama, during which the United States overthrew dictator Manuel Noriega. Morgan served over ten years and earned the rank of staff sergeant. While he was deployed in Korea, Morgan wrote songs and performed for his fellow soldiers, and he won several military singing and songwriting competitions. After leaving the military in 1996 he continued to perform for soldiers in the Middle East and elsewhere as a volunteer for the USO, work he continues to this day.

Scott Gries/Getty Images

After serving in the military Morgan returned to Tennessee and did work in construction, as a security guard, and as a sheriff’s deputy. He continued to sing, and eventually got a job in Nashville singing demo songs for other songwriters and music publishing companies.


The demos won Morgan a contract with Atlantic Records, and he released his debut album, Craig Morgan, in 2000. One song on the album, “Paradise,” talked about his combat experiences; the song begins with a drum roll and a military marching cadence. Jon Weisberger in Country Standard Time noted that Morgan had “some real singing talent,” praised his “pleasant, rich baritone voice,” and commented that he had “a good feel for a country song.” “I’m Real Proud of the Army” In August of 2001 Morgan enlisted in the Army Reserve in spectacular style: he took a parachute jump along

“A Classic Country Singer” For the Record . . .

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orn July 17, 1965, in Kingston Springs, TN; married; five children.

Signed with Atlantic Records and released Craig Morgan, 2000; moved to Broken Bow records and released I Love It, 2003; released My Kind of Livin’, 2005; released Little Bit of Life, 2006. Awards: Nashville Songwriters Association, Songwriter Achievement Award, 2003. Addresses: Record company—Broken Bow Records, Cummins Station, 209 10th Ave. South, Ste. 230, Nashville, TN 37203.

with members of the army’s Golden Knights parachute team at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. After his landing, he was sworn in as a member of the Nashville-based 86 1st Quartermaster Company (air equipment repair and supply). Like all members of the Reserve, he continued his own career but devoted weekends to the army. He served as a staff sergeant, the rank he held when he left active duty, and trained as an automated supply specialist. Morgan told Lee Elder in the Army Reserve Magazine, “I’m real proud of the Army. That’s why I’m back.” He added, “It looks like I’m going to have to cut my hair.” Atlantic Records folded after releasing Morgan’s first album, and Morgan switched his label to Broken Bow Records, releasing I Love It in 2003. A single from the album, “Almost Home,” hit the country Top 10 and won a Songwriter Achievement Award from the Nashville Songwriters Association. In Country Standard Time Jeffrey B. Renz wrote, “His singing is well suited to the material, especially when he keeps it country.” Morgan’s third album, released in 2005, was titled My Kind of Livin’ and included a major hit, “That’s What I Love About Sunday,” which spent a month at the number one spot on the Billboard chart. Other popular songs on the album included “Redneck Yacht Club,” which also went to number one. In People, Ralph Novak noted that Morgan “sings unapologetically about his guns, collard greens, rodeos and ‘a trailer with a concrete donkey in the yard,’” and commented that this honest, very down-home presentation was part of Morgan’s success: the album is “one terrific, old-fashioned country CD.”

In 2006 Morgan released Little Bit of Life. The album offered a view of Morgan’s hard-working, low income origins, as well as his military service, family life, and pastimes, including hunting and off-road motorcycle riding. The album also had more of a live feel than on previous albums. He wrote on his website, “I just want people to hear on the record what they hear live. We try not to manipulate in the studio too much. When you go to tweaking and changing and tightening and cleaning you take away from the personality that’s in the vocal.” In addition to vocals, Morgan used an unusual “instrument” on this album: for the song “International Harvester,” named after a popular brand of tractor, he used actual tractor sounds. In CountryStandardTime Kevin Oliver described Morgan as “a classic country singer in every sense of the word.” Thomas Kintner wrote in Connecticut Music that Morgan’s “vocal manner is as free of frills as the ideals he so readily espouses, but even within his comfort zone he frequently generates pleasantly down-to-earth appeals.” Morgan, who is married and has five children, performs over 200 concert dates a year. One hobby that he shares with his children is racing dirt bikes, and he maintains a track at his home where they can ride. Morgan also continues to serve in the Reserve. In an interview in Soldiers in 2006, Morgan had this advice for soldiers who were deployed around the world: “Keep your head up and be proud of who you are and what you’re doing. The men and women of the armed forces need to know that America supports them.” He is also grateful for the support that he gets from his fans; he told an interviewer in CountryMusic.About.com, “I’m saddened that some of us in the industry do forget that sometimes, the fans truly are to be thanked for their support. I’m grateful to be here.”

Selected discography Craig Morgan, Atlantic, 2000. I Love It, Broken Bow, 2003. My Kind of Livin’, Broken Bow, 2005. Little Bit of Life, Broken Bow, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Army Reserve Magazine, Fall 2001, p. 48. Billboard, April 22, 2000, p. 22. Entertainment Weekly, March 18, 2005, p. 69. People, April 25, 2005, p.37. Soldiers, March 2006, p. 46.

Morgan • 125

Online Connecticut Music, December 21, 2006, http://www.ctnow. com/music/hce-albums1221.artdec21,0,463236. story?coll=hce-headlines/ (February 9, 2007). Country Standard Time,http://www.countrystandardtime.com (February 9, 2007).


Craig Morgan Official Website, http://www.craigmorgan.com/ (January 30, 2006). “Craig Morgan,” CountryMusic.About.com, http://www. countrymusic.about.com/od/interviews/a/cmorganint.htm (February 9, 2007). —Kelly Winters

Debut Album

Robbie Nevil Singer, songwriter

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obbie Nevil is a singer-songwriter. Although he began his career with a hit song, “C’est la Vie,” he has since turned his attention to writing and producing music for other singers. He co-wrote three songs for the popular High School Musical: “The Start of Something New,” “We’re All in This Together,” and “I Can’t Take My Eyes Off of You.” Born in Los Angeles, California, Nevil began playing the guitar when he was eleven years old, and over the next seven years he played in a series of cover bands. He was inspired by performers like Stevie Wonder and Earth Wind and Fire. Eventually, he began writing and performing his own songs, and when he was 18 he completed a demo tape of his original material. He met with Rick Shoemaker of ABC Music Publishing, and Shoemaker became a mentor. Shoemaker taught him how the business worked: how to get his songs recorded by other singers and how to get his own artist recording contract. Meanwhile, Nevil spent his time playing session guitar, playing in Top 40 cover bands, and writing songs. In 1983 Nevil managed to submit a song to producer Richard Perry, who wanted to record it with the Pointer Sisters. By this time Shoemaker was vice-president of MCA Music Publishing and had offered Nevil his first music publishing contract. Over the next two years, his songs were recorded by top bands of the time, including the Pointer Sisters, El DeBarge, Earth Wind and Fire, and Al Jarreau.

In 1985 EMI launched a new imprint, Manhattan, and Nevil was the first performer they signed. Nevil’s manager at Manhattan was Ron Weisner, who had managed Michael Jackson, Madonna, Steve Winwood, and other singers Nevil admired. Nevil’s first album was produced by Alex Sadkin and Phil Thornalley and recorded in England. In 1986 Nevil signed with Manhattan and released his first single, “C’est la Vie,” which soared to the Top 5 in many countries around the world. Nevil followed this with the release of a self-titled debut album, which launched two other Billboard Top 100 singles hits. Best known among these was the song “C’est la Vie,” but the album also had two other hits, “Dominoes” and “Wot’s It to Ya.” Mary Shaughnessy wrote in People, “At 24, Nevil has the kind of fluid tunefulness that is usually found in singers who have either developed under the tutelage of a demanding choirmaster or been in the business a long time.” She also noted that Nevil did something that was relatively new at the time: using sound technology in the studio to enhance his voice. Four years later, Nevil released A Place Like This, but its sales were disappointing, nowhere near the level of his debut album. His third album, Day 1, attracted even fewer sales. Producer and Songwriter Nevil has since switched his focus from performing to writing and producing music for other singers, including Babyface, Jessica Simpson, Destiny’s Child, Ashlee Simpson, Jesse McCartney, and Raven. He has written songs for the soundtracks of many movies and television shows, including Beverly Hills 90210, Money Talks, New Pokemon, Princess Diary 2, Ice Princess, Brother Bear 2, Raising Helen, Fat Albert Movie, and Pacifier. With songwriter Matthew Gerrard, Nevil also wrote three songs for the highly popular show High School Musical, and he teamed up with Gerrard again to write songs for the “Bratz” cartoon characters. The Bratz are “lifestyle fashion dolls,” according to a press release on Marketwire, and have expanded into a Saturday morning cartoon series, music CDs, and DVDs. The first CD, Bratz Rock Angelz, debuted in Billboard’s Top 100 in 2005, was number one on the Kids Audio Chart, and became one of that year’s 100 best-selling albums. This was followed by Bratz Genie Magic and Bratz Forever Diamondz. The most recent installment, with

Nevil • 127


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orn Robert S. Nevil, February 10, 1960, in Los Angeles, California.

Selected discography Robbie Nevil, Manhattan, 1986. A Place Like This, Manhattan, 1988. Day 1, EMI, 1991. Wot’s It To Ya: The Best of Robbie Nevil, Razor and Tie Music, 1999.

Worked as a session guitarist and songwriter; signed with EMI/Manhattan, 1986; released debut album, Robbie Nevil, 1986, A Place Like This, 1988; Day 1, 1991; Wot’s It To Ya: The Best of Robbie Nevil, 1999; music

Sources

producer and songwriter, 1999–.

Periodicals

Addresses: Record company—EMI, 150 5th Ave., New

People, April 13, 1987, p. 28; April 20, 1987, p. 30

York, NY 10011.

songs by Gerrard and Nevil, is 2007’s Bratz Fashion Pixiez. Nevil is currently seeking new musical performers to promote; he described what he is looking for on his website: “new bands and solo acts with unique singing and performance abilities that I can shop to major record labels. Artists with truly amazing voices and styles.”


Online “Artist Description for Robbie Nevil,” Last.FM, http://www.last. fm/music/Robbie+Nevil?-wiki (February 27, 2007). “The Girls with a Passion for Fashion,” Marketwire, January 30, 2007, http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release_html_ bl?/release_id=208844 (February 27, 2007). “Robbie Nevil: Biography,” VH1, http://www.vh1.com/artists/ az/nevil_robbie/bio.jhtml (February 26, 2007). Robbie Nevil Official Website, http://www.robbienevil.com/ (February 27, 2007).

—Kelly Winters

Oakland, California. After a short time composing, she realized that it was not what she wanted and swtiched to creative writing.

Joanna Newsom Singer, songwriter, harpist

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ith an extraordinary sprite-like voice and using a Celtic harp as her main instrument, musician Joanna Newsom has become an unlikely cult figure in the indie-rock world. The California native composes songs that sound like fairy tales, while her engaging lyricism uses words not often heard in contemporary music (or even literature). Newsom’s singing voice can be an acquired taste; with its almost childlike manner, it is one of the most unusual voices heard in pop music since Björk. All Music Guide’s Heather Phares described Newsom’s style as an “Appalachian-meetsavant-garde take on folk music.” With a pair of selfreleased albums and two for indie label Drag City, Newsom’s eccentric sound and knack for storytelling have been called anti-folk, freak folk, and pysch folk, but whatever the case, Newsom is probably the only independent artist you’d ever see play a harp in a rock club. Born in 1982, Newsom was raised in Nevada City, California, where her entire family played music. While her father was a guitarist, Newsom’s mother was a trained concert pianist who eventually became a doctor instead of a full-time musician. Newsom took piano lessons before the age of five, but after just a few years of playing, she switched to harp. She studied as many different kinds of classical harp music as she could, from West African and Celtic to bluegrass, attending a folk music camp in her early teens. And while most teenagers were going to the mall or gossiping with their friends, Newsom spent most of her time at home composing music. Writing songs was a way of life for the young artist, who studied composing at Mills College in

In addition to playing the harp, while studying at Mills Newsom met singer/guitarist Noah Georgeson of the pop band The Pleased. Newsom joined The Pleased as a keyboard player on recordings and during live shows beginning in 2001, and became a welcome player as a guest on friends’ albums. At home, Newsom began to experiment with singing prose to accompany her harp compositions. She had never sung before and her vocal naivety lent an interesting edge to her singing voice. She recorded songs at home and passed out several to some friends. The tapes landed in the hands of like-minded eclectic indie artists Will Oldham and Cat Power, whom both asked Newsom to play some shows with them in 2002. Newsom’s musical background, which included American folk and blues music mixed with classical training, produced a unique and whimsical folk-inflected indie rock. Newsom never intended on playing live shows, especially not in rock venues, but her original style demanded attention. And Newsom, who often plays the harp more like a guitar than a classical instrument, enjoyed showing people that there was more to the harp than most thought. “The harp is capable of much more expressiveness,” Newsom told Alexander Laurence of Free Williamsburg. “It can be really delicate and yet abrasive at the right time.” Newsom was inspired by her new songs, and released a set of EPs including Walnut Whales in 2003 and Yarn and Glue the following year. The innocent optimism of Yarn and Glue came from stories Newsom had heard as a child, and offered a glimpse of her whimsical style to come. “They are very old feelings that little kids have when they hear these stories. They get quiet and really big eyed,” she explained to Laurence about Yarn and Glue. “I think they have a feeling of having this incredible world that’s just out of reach. I am trying to access it. I am trying to speak to it.” Without support from a record label, Newsom played shows on her own, renting a car to haul around her large harp. She was beginning to make waves in the indie rock world, inviting comparisons to folk-benders Devendra Banhart. Dusted’s Michael Cramer called Newsom, “a first-rate songwriter and an inspired lyricist: her music and words pour out in tandem like undifferentiated parts of a single stream, uncompromising personal, and wholly unique. She sings from a world that’s not quite childish, but not quite adult, filled with unicorns, whales, and seashells, in a voice that falls somewhere between a siren’s call and a banshee’s wail.” After relocating to San Francisco, Newsom signed to the Chicago independent label Drag City. In the spring of 2004 the label released The Milk-Eyed Mender. On her first studio recording, Newsom had a better idea of how to use her voice to accompany her harp. With Newsom • 129


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orn in 1982 in Nevada City, California.

Classically trained harpist, self-released EP Walnut

Newsom enlisted famed rock producer Steve Albini and mixer Jim O’Rourke to complete her sophomore album for Drag City. In November of 2006, Newsom released the critically applauded Ys. Pat Long of NME proclaimed that Newsom is “one of the few true visionaries currently working in American music.” Pronounced “ees,” Ys contained only five songs, which ranged from seven to almost 17 minutes apiece.

Whales, 2002; self-released EP Yarn and Glue, 2003; signed to Drag City, 2004, released The Milk-Eyed Mender, 2004; released Ys, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Drag City, 2000 West Carroll Ave., Ⲇ201, Chicago, IL 60612, website: http://www.dragcity.com.

sparse arrangements and her voice and harp at the focus, The Milk-Eyed Mender was subtly filled out with touches of piano, harpsichord and slide-guitar. “Creating avant-garde American music for the back porch, she expands upon tradition without losing authenticity,” wrote Pitchfork’s Brandon Stosuy. In the indie rock world, where being different is a badge of honor, Newsom was soon being hailed as one of the genre’s best new artists in years. As soon as she could, Newsom began to think about her next record for Drag City. Whereas the songs on The Milk-Eyed Mender required subtle musical accompaniment, after writing a fresh collection of lengthy songs, Newsom felt that the autobiographical stories had to be told with more substance. “As soon as I knew that this is what I wanted to do, I recognized that it would be extremely awkward and vulgar to try and fit them in shorter forms,” Newsom told Pitchfork’s Brian Howe. Because she had so much to say, the songs became longer and longer. About halfway through writing the songs she realized she needed an orchestra to make it work. She had heard Song Cycle, a 1968 recording by famed Beach Boys collaborator Van Dykes Parks, who was known for his vintage orchestral compositions. Newsom was inspired to ask Parks to help make her album a reality. Getting an iconic figure such as Parks to work on anyone’s album is an accomplishment, and often just a dream for many musicians. After Parks heard Newsom play five songs in a hotel room with only her harp as accompaniment, he agreed to work on her record. For almost eight months, Newsom and Parks sent music and ideas back and forth in an attempt to fulfill each artist’s vision. “While it’s not important to me that the audience explicitly understand what the record is ‘about,’ I did think it was important that the collaborator understand that explicitly,” Newsom said to Howe. “We needed to have a cohesive vision.” In addition to Parks,


Ys was lavishly created, and sounded old-fashioned. Illustrating her classical stance, the record cover was a Renaissance-style oil painting of Newsom done by artist Benjamin Vierling. Ys, a much fuller and more emotional record than The Wide-Eyed Milk Mender, reached number four on Spin’s list of the 40 Best Albums of 2006. Spin writer David Browne hailed the record and called the singer “America’s answer to Björk ѧ An eccentrically voiced experimenter who follows her nonconformist muse wherever it may lead.” In a review of Ys, Long might have found the perfect way to describe Newsom’s music, as “comprising a set of adult fairy tales bedded in Fuzzy Felt orchestral soundscapes so lush and ornate that they have more in common with Walt Disney’s Fantasia than anything else around at the moment.”

Selected discography Walnut Whales, self-released, 2002. Yarn and Glue, self-released, 2003. The Milk-Eyed Mender, Drag City, 2004. Ys, Drag City, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Spin, December 14, 2006.

Online “Harp’s Delight—An Interview with Joanna Newsom,” Dusted Magazine, http://www.dustedmagazine.com/features/243 (February 9, 2007). “Joanna Newsom,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 9, 2007). “Joanna Newsom Interview,” Free Williamsburg, http://www. freewilliamsburg.com/july_2003/newsom.html (February 9, 2007). “Joanna Newsom: Ys,” NME,http://www.nme.com/reviews/ joanna-newsom/8070 (February 9, 2007). Pitchfork Media, http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/ record_review/20482/Joanna_Newsom_The_MilkEyed_ Mender; http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/feature/ 39700/Interview_Interview_Joanna_Newsom (February 9, 2007). —Shannon McCarthy

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nown for her clear, gentle voice, Olivia NewtonJohn has achieved stardom in the areas of pop and country music. Several movie and television roles in both singing and non-singing parts have contributed to her list of accomplishments. In the early 1970s Newton-John, with her appealing looks and voice, became a superstar almost overnight with such hits as “Let Me Be There,” “Have You Never Been Mellow,” and “I Honestly Love You.” While many critics called her music superficial and overly sentimental, the number of her fans and record sales grew rapidly. A decade after she first realized success, Newton-John dropped out of the spotlight to raise a family and promote more of her personal social causes, which included environmentalism, recycling and breast cancer awareness.

Olivia Newton-John

Although she is widely thought to be Australian, Newton-John was actually born in Cambridge, England, where she was raised until the age of five. After the family moved to Australia, her mother insisted that she keep her British passport, which was to come in handy later. Newton-John told Joe Smith about her early musical influences for his book Off the Record. “My favorites growing up were Dionne Warwick, Ray Charles, Joan Baez, and Nina Simone. More than anybody else, they were the four people I listened most to in Australia. I listened to the radio and I knew every pop song. I sang all the time for family and friends, but if they asked me at school to get up and sing, I was always too shy.”

Singer

Newton-John first began performing at age 12, when she won a local Haley Mills lookalike contest. A few years later she teamed with three girlfriends in a group called the Sol Four. After that, Newton-John sang on an Australian variety series called The Go Show, where she first met her future producer John Farrar. Winning a trip to England through an Australian talent contest, she and Pat Carroll, another female performer from Australia, formed a moderately successful singing duo that most notably sang back-up on a Cliff Richard B-side. The couple disbanded, though, when Carroll’s visa ran out and she had to return to Australia. With her British passport Newton-John was able to continue with her career in England, now as a solo performer, recording her first single for Decca in 1966.

Evan Agostini/Getty Images

Career Took Off While in England, Newton-John pursued a series of singing jobs, including joining a curious group called Tomorrow (some sources say Toomorrow), which was supposed to be England’s answer to the successful U.S. pop group The Monkees. After recording two singles with the band, for Decca and RCA respectively, she appeared with Tomorrow in an unsuccessful sci-fi film. Returning a little more to the mainstream, NewtonJohn began appearing on former teen idol Cliff Richard’s television series It’s Cliff!, which helped promote her sweetly voiced cover of Bob Dylan’s “If Not for Newton-John • 131


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orn September 26, 1948, in Cambridge, England; daughter of Bryn (a university president) and Irene

(Born) Newton-John; married Matt Lattanzi (an actor), 1984 (divorced 1995); children: Chloe. Singer with Pat Carroll and Cliff Richard in England; member of pop group Tomorrow (some sources say Toomorrow); recorded hit singles, including “If Not for You” and “Let Me Be There,” early 1970s; moved to United States and recorded several successful albums; toured United States and other countries; actress and singer in films Grease, 1978, Xanadu, 1980, and Two of a Kind, 1983; actress in television film A Mom for Christmas, NBC, 1991; appeared on numerous television programs, including The Dean Martin Show, The Midnight Special, Saturday Night Live, and her own network variety and concert specials; owner of “Koala Blue” brand food distributors; marketed breast selfexamination kit through Walgreen’s drug chain. Awards: Grammy Award, Best Female Country Vocal Performance, for “Let Me Be There,” 1973; Grammy Awards, Record of the Year and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, for “I Honestly Love You,” 1974; Country Music Association Award, Best Country Female Vocal Performance, 1974, and Best Female Singer, 1976; eight American Music Awards, 1975-76; People’s Choice Award, Favorite Motion Picture Actress, 1979; Grammy Award, Video of the Year, for “Physical,” 1982; Daytime Emmy (shared with Earl Rose), Outstanding Original Song, for “This is Our Moment,” on As the World Turns, 1999; Named officer of the Order of the British Empire, 2002; inducted into Australian Music Hall of Fame, 2002. Addresses: Management—Fitzgerald Hartley Co., 34 North Palm Ave., Ste. 100, Ventura, CA 93001. Website—Official Artist Website: http://www.olivianewtonjohn.com.

the 1973 release of Let Me Be There that Newton-John became popular in the United States. Once the single began receiving U.S. airplay, she was invited to perform on the Dean Martin Show. Once she arrived, singer Helen Reddy and her husband/manager Jeff Wald advised the hot young singer that if she wanted a big hit in America, that she would have to stay in the country. Their advice paid off. “Let Me Be There,” with its gospel flavored chorus and country-crossover hook, became a number one record. Although she had originally positioned herself as a folk performer, Newton-John’s uncomplicated style attracted country programmers all across the nation, and she went on to win a Grammy Award for Best Country Female Performer. However, she inadvertently stirred controversy when the Country Music Association in Nashville named her Female Vocalist of the Year over Donna Fargo, Melba Montgomery, Tammy Wynette, Dolly Parton, and Tanya Tucker. “The backlash from Country music purists was immediate,” wrote Barry McCloud in Definitive Country. “Olivia’s case was not helped by the fact that she had wanted to meet Hank Williams ѧ he had been dead for over 20 years!” Despite the controversy, Newton-John continued to benefit from country airplay throughout the decade. In retrospect, “Let Me Be There” and subsequent hits such as “If You Love Me Let Me Know” and “Please Mr. Please” ring truer as country music than many modern recordings in the genre. The performer also received two Grammy Awards for the 1975 smash “I Honestly Love You.” She followed up with the feel-good philosophy of “Have You Never Been Mellow,” which both summed up 1970s pop and became a point of ridicule for many of her critics. Artistically, Newton-John was considered superficial, vacuous, and lacking in musical integrity. Some claimed, as Chris Stoehr summarized in the Detroit Free Press, that “her music crosses over into several audiences because it has no style of its own.” In that same article, Newton-John defended herself, asking, “Why do people like certain things? I don’t know. Neither do the critics, that’s for sure. It was not instant, you know, my success. ѧ I was just a performer the audience found pleasant. And after all, the audience’s opinion is the only one that counts, isn’t it?” By this time, NewtonJohn had moved to Los Angeles and was busy touring and performing in Las Vegas. Her albums consistently achieved gold and platinum status and her career was set to explode. Became “Sandy”

You.” The single, with its country-pop twang, hit number 25 on the U.S. pop charts, but reached number one on the Adult Contemporary Charts. A few more singles brought her acclaim in Great Britain, but it was not until


In 1977, at one of Helen Reddy’s parties, Newton-John was noticed by movie producer Allan Carr, who cast her in his film version of the popular Broadway musical Grease. A little apprehensive, the performer began

preparing for a role she reportedly hoped would make her the Doris Day of the era. Playing the role of Sandy opposite actor John Travolta gave her newfound fame and visibility. The popular movie was accompanied by a successful soundtrack, which launched Newton-John and Travolta’s peppy duet single “You’re the One That I Want”; the song landed a number one position on the charts. In the film, Newton-John’s character changes from a timid ingenue to a temptress who ultimately outgreases Travolta’s 1950s bad boy role. In Newton-John’s professional life, it could be said that this same sort of transformation was taking place. Allegedly no longer content to be a sweet, gentle-voiced crooner—nine of her singles hit number one on the Adult Contemporary Charts—Newton-John began to pump up her act. In 1978 she released the provocative recording Totally Hot, followed by the equally sexy Physical in 1981. Physical contributed three hit singles to the U.S. charts, including the title track, which stayed at the number one spot for ten weeks. Playing up the allusion between the song’s sexy commands and the fitness craze, Newton-John then went on a successful tour where she danced in tight-fitting workout gear. The switch from innocent to racy occurred, Newton-John admitted in the Detroit Free Press, because “you change over the years; you grow and change. I hope that I wouldn’t be the same at 33 that I was at 23. I didn’t go out and take lessons in being something else; I’ve just grown.” Newton-John’s career toned down rather quickly from the frenzied peak of the early 1980s. Followups to the enormously successful Grease proved unsuccessful. The roller disco fantasy Xanadu tanked at the box office, even though its soundtrack yielded two solid hit singles, the title song and the number one hit “Magic.” Reteamed with Travolta in 1983 for the much hyped Two of a Kind, her hot streak as a performer seemed to end when the movie flopped. After that the singer seemed to be in a kind of semi-retirement. She married longtime companion Matt Lattanzi in 1984 and they had a daughter, Chloe. The couple would divorce in 1995. In 1988 Newton-John released another album, The Rumour, but the actress was mostly attending to her family and charitable concerns. “It sounds kind of boring to say I’ve been at home,” Newton-John told People about her whereabouts from 1983 to 1991, “But that’s the truth.” The singer came out of her virtual seclusion to star in a made-for-television film A Mom for Christmas. In the movie she played a mannequin who becomes real in order to take care of a girl without a mother. In 1989 she recorded an album of soothing songs for infants, called Warm and Tender, after realizing that she could find no music with which to comfort her young daughter. In 1992 Newton-John released Back to Basics: The Essential Collection 1971-92, which included four new tunes. That same year, after declaring bank-

ruptcy, the singer announced that she had been diagnosed with an early and treatable form of breast cancer. Once recovered, she began devoting a large portion of her public life to raising breast cancer awareness. Signaled by her 1994 album Gaia (One Woman’s Journey), Newton-John increasingly turned to environmental projects and private business concerns. Enjoying family life, Newton-John admitted in People that “all I need to hear is ‘Good night, Mommy, I love you,’ and there’s no question everything is worth it.” She made a belated attempt to return to the country charts with the 1998 MCA album Back with a Heart, but her time as a hitmaker was over. Releasing albums through such independent labels as Hallmark, Festival, and Mushroom into the 2000s, she has continued to express her spiritual and environmental views while singing what she likes, with whom she likes. Now writing more of her own material—she cowrote the Emmy-winning theme for the daytime drama As the World Turns—the singer often devoted a portion of an album’s profits to charity. One such project was 2005’s Stronger Than Before, which was inspired by the complex emotions felt by cancer patients and their families. As an icon of the 1970s she remains in demand as a concert performer and a TV guest star. In 2007 she was paid the ultimate pop culture tribute when she was asked to be a guest on Grease: You’re the One That I Want!. The American Idol-type talent show featured performers competing to recreate the roles she and Travolta played in their famous film together.

Selected discography Singles “If Not For You,” Uni, 1971. “Let Me Be There,” MCA, 1973. “If You Love Me (Let Me Know),” MCA, 1974. “I Honestly Love You,” MCA, 1974. “Have You Never Been Mellow,” MCA, 1975. “Please Mr. Please,” MCA, 1975. “Something Better to Do,” MCA, 1976. “Let It Shine/ He Ain’t HeavyѧHe’s My Brother,” MCA, 1976. “Come On Over,” MCA, 1976. “Don’t Stop Believin’,” MCA, 1976. “Sam,” MCA, 1977. (With John Travolta) “You’re the One That I Want,” RSO, 1978. “Hopelessly Devoted to You,” RSO, 1978. (With Travolta) “Summer Nights,” RSO, 1978. “A Little More Love,” MCA, 1978. “Deeper Than the Night,” MCA, 1979. (With Andy Gibb) “I Can’t Help It,” RSO, 1980. “Magic,” MCA, 1980. (With Electric Light Orchestra) “Xanadu,” MCA, 1980. (With Cliff Richard) “Suddenly,” MCA, 1980.

Newton-John • 133

“Physical,” MCA, 1981. “Make a Move on Me,” MCA, 1982. “Heart Attack,” MCA, 1982. “Tied Up,” MCA, 1983. “Twist of Fate,” MCA, 1983. “Livin’ in Desperate Time,” MCA, 1984. “Soul Kiss,” MCA, 1985. “The Grease Megamix,” MCA, 1996.

Down Under, Polygram, 1987. Physical, MCA, 1992. Twist of Fate, MCA, 1992. 20th Century Masters—DVD Collection, Hip-O, 2004. Video Gold, Vol. 1, Geffen, 2005. Video Gold, Vol. 2, Geffen, 2005.

Albums

Sources

Let Me Be There, MCA, 1973. If You Love Me, Let Me Know, MCA, 1974. Long Live Love, MCA, 1974. First Impressions, MCA, 1974. Have You Never Been Mellow, MCA, 1975. Clearly Love, MCA, 1975. Come On Over, MCA, 1976. Don’t Stop Believin’, MCA, 1976. Making a Good Thing Better, MCA, 1977. Olivia Newton-John’s Greatest Hits, EMI, 1977. Grease Soundtrack, RSO, 1978. Totally Hot, MCA, 1978. Xanadu Soundtrack, MCA, 1980. Physical, EMI, 1981. Greatest Hits, EMI, 1982. Soul Kiss, MCA, 1985. The Rumour, MCA, 1988. Warm and Tender, Geffen, 1989. Back to Basics: The Essential Collection 1971-92, Geffen, 1992. Gaia, D-Sharp, 1994; reissued by Hip-O, 2000. Back with a Heart, MCA, 1998. Highlights from the Main Event, BMG Australia Limited, 1999. Tis the Season, Hallmark, 2000. One Woman’s Live Journey, Festival, 2000. 20th Century Masters—The Christmas Collection, Festival, 2000. The Christmas Collection, Hip-O, 2001. 20th Century Masters—The Millennium Collection: The Best of Olivia Newton-John , Hip-0, 2002. Olivia on Woman’s Live Journey, Mushroom, 2002. 2, Festival/Mushroom, 2002. Take Me Home, Rajon, 2003. Indigo: Women of Song, Mushroom, 2004. Gold, Hip-O, 2005. Stronger Than Before, Festival, 2006. Grace and Gratitude, EMI, 2006.

Books

Video/DVD Olivia in Concert [live], MCA, 1983. Soul Kiss, MCA, 1985.


Hyatt, Wesley, The Billboard Book of Adult Contemporary Number One Hits, Billboard Books, 1999. McCloud, Barry, editor, Definitive Country—The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Country Music and Its Performers, Perigree, 1995. Pareles, Jon, and Patricia Romanowski, editors, The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Rolling Stone Press/ Summit Books, 1983. Rees, Dafydd and Luke Crampton, editors, Vh1 Music First— Rock Stars Encyclopedia, Dorling Kindersley, 1999. Smith, Joe, Off the Record—An Oral History of Popular Music, Warner Books, 1988.

Periodicals Detroit Free Press, May 17, 1979; August 22, 1982; July 15, 1992. Fortune, May 22, 1989. High Fidelity, July 1989. New York, December 4, 1989. New York Daily News, May 1, 1977. Parade Magazine, July 1, 1979; December 4, 1988. People, February 24, 1975; July 31, 1978; December 24, 1990; August 19, 1991; June 22, 1992. Redbook, November 1990.

Online “Olivia Newton-John,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (March 6, 2007). “Olivia Newton-John,” Internet Movie Database, http://www. imdb.com (March 6, 2007). Olivia Newton-John Official Website, http://www. olivianewton-john.com (March 6, 2007). —Nancy Rampson and Ken Burke

I

n addition to acting as a leading and featured supporting actor in independent and mainstream films, Rebecca Pidgeon has earned positive critical recognition as a singer-songwriter with a series of folk-pop albums with jazz elements. In these she has explored subjects ranging from the love lives of comic-book heroes and her grandmother to covers of pop chestnuts such as “Spanish Harlem.” However, despite the latter fact, Pidgeon has composed most of the material she has recorded. Several of her original compositions were co-written with her husband, noted playwright and film director David Mamet, whom she married in the early 1990s after starring in a London production of his play, Speed the Plow. Pidgeon’s wistful and sometimes girlish vocal delivery, combined with acoustic instrumental settings and the distinctly feminine lyric perspective of much of her material, has led some critics to draw comparisons between Pidgeon and such performers as Joni Mitchell, Shawn Colvin, Roseanne Cash, and Rickie Lee Jones.

Rebecca Pidgeon

Pidgeon was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the mid-1960s, and moved with her parents to Edinburgh, Scotland, around 1970. She then moved to London, England, to study theatrical arts at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts. In 1987 Pidgeon teamed with guitarist and Edinburgh native Roger Fife to form Ruby Blue. The duo released their debut, Glances Askances, shortly thereafter. The album was described as “an acoustic folk LP with rock/pop leanings” by Sounds journalist Robyn Smyth. Ruby Blue expanded to a quartet after enlisting harmony vocalist and fellow Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts student Erika Spotswood and bass player Anthony Coote. This lineup released a string of singles that earned them a contract with Phonogram’s Fontana subsidiary. Pidgeon told Smyth that her commitment to the band was secondary to her dramatic aspirations. “The reason I haven’t done any acting for a whileѧ is because nothing’s come up that’s interested me enough,” she said.

John M. Heller/Getty Images

Singer, actor

Praising Down from Above, Smyth described the effort: “Pidgeon and Spotswood’s divine vocal harmonies, supported by slick instrumentation, emulate the emotion and simplicity of early Joni Mitchell and the traditional feel of, say, The Oyster Band.” Sounds critic George Berger shared Smyth’s enthusiasm for the quartet’s Down from Above. “Occasionally a band happens along with sufficient beauty to wipe away your preconceptions—Ruby Blue are such a band,” Berger wrote. “Down from Above is an eclectic collection of different styles that move from middle of the road celtic-folk to pseudo Simple Minds territory.” Berger continued: “Every style is tacked behind the folk beauty of Rebecca’s voice. ... the beauty of which easily eclipses most of the style hopping. From the English pentagram folk of ‘Primitive Man’ to the Fleetwood Mac-ismo of ‘Can It Be’ the songs have pleasantly commercial class stamped all over them.”

Pidgeon • 135


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orn on October 25, 1963, in Cambridge, MA (some sources cite 1965); married to David Mamet

(playwright, director, screenwriter); children: Clara and Noah. Education: attended Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts, London, England. Member of Ruby Blue, 1986-94; released debut solo album The Raven, 1994; released The Four Marys, 1998; released Tough on Crime, 2005. Addresses: Management—International Creative Management, 8942 Wilshire Blvd., Beverly Hills, CA 90211.

The Ruby Blue song “Primitive Man,” featured lyrics by David Mamet, who had met Pidgeon during a production of his play Speed the Plow. Writing in London’s Guardian, Bruce Dessau praised the group’s rendition: “In the playwright’s absence, Rebecca Pidgeon elaborates on the lyrical strands, which accompany the haunting, folkish melody. It might be a different medium, but Mamet is still obsessed by the niggling little things in life—‘You know, the basic themes, murder, lust, marriage, death; the usual little thingsѧthe primitiveness of mankind, having to hunt and be hunted.’” Dessau wrote that Ruby Blue’s Down from Above “reflects the quartet’s growing interest in root music. Very much a traditional band, concentrating on live performance rather than studio work, they’ve picked up, almost by osmosis, influences from people they’ve played with over the years.” Dessau continued, “It is a record that grows gently on you.” Flying Solo Despite the glowing reviews for Down from Above, Ruby Blue disbanded concurrent with the rise of Pidgeon’s acting career. She starred in many of Mamet’s film projects, including Homicide, The Spanish Prisoner, The Winslow Boy, State and Main, and Heist. She returned to the recording studio in 1994 for her solo debut, The Raven. The album was produced by Joel Diamond and David Chesky for the latter’s self-named record label, which became known for its devotion to recording perfection. A review on the Musical Discoveries website declared: “As her first solo album, The Raven clearly illustrates the broad range of talent that the stunning Rebecca Pidgeon possesses and serves as a wonderful introduction to this artist’s


recorded work.” The album featured four songs cowritten by Mamet, “You Got Me,” “Heart and Mind,” “Seven Hours,” and “The Height of the Land,” and features a cover of Phil Spector’s “Spanish Harlem,” which was originally a hit for Ben E. King. Pidgeon released her second solo album, The New York Girls’ Club, in 1996. On this album she explored several musical genres, including light rock, jazz, folk, and country. Four Marys, released in 1998, was recorded at St. Peter’s Church in New York City, and is devoted entirely to traditional Celtic music. For the project, she enlisted Uillean pipes player Jerry O’Sullivan and fiddler and mandolinist Johnnie Cunningham, and performed the album’s songs in Gaelic and English. After a relatively long hiatus to focus on acting projects and raise her family, Pidgeon released Tough on Crime in 2005. Contributing to the album were Steely Dan member Walter Becker on guitar, keyboardist Billy Preston, jazz fusion drummer Scott Amendola, and bass player and producer Larry Klein, the former husband of Joni Mitchell. The album’s title track concerns the difficulties the song’s narrator faces in her affair with a comic-book superhero. While finding the sonic qualities of the album lacking, critic and radio host George D. Graham praised Tough on Crime as “a thoroughly worthwhile and appealing album.”

Selected discography (With Ruby Blue) Glances Askances, Red Flame, 1987. (With Ruby Blue) Down from Above, Fontana, 1990; reissued on Universal, 1993. The Raven, Chesky Jazz, 1994. The New York Girls’ Club, Chesky, 1995. The Four Marys, Chesky, 1998. Retrospective, Chesky, 2003. Tough on Crime, The Lab, 2005.

Sources Periodicals Guardian (London, England), June 29, 1990. Sounds, May 5, 1990; August 18, 1990.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 12, 2007). George D. Graham Website, http://www.georgegraham.com/ reviews/pidgeon.html (April 4, 2007). Musical Discoveries, http://www.musicaldiscoveries.com/ reviews/rpidgeon.htm (April 3, 2007). —Bruce Walker

Stan Rogers Singer, songwriter

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lthough less well known outside of Canada than his contemporary Gordon Lightfoot, singer-songwriter Stan Rogers commanded strong affection in the folk music community with his vivid, realistic songs of Canadian life. According to Northern Journey: A Guide to Canadian Folk Music, “Many fans consider Stan Rogers the greatest Canadian folksinger ever.” Rogers died a tragic and early death at age 33 in an airliner fire, but his legacy includes a strong influence on a creatively fertile group of younger Canadian songwriters that has included his brother Garnet. Stanley Allison Rogers was born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, on November 29, 1949. His father, Nathan, was a bricklayer. Both his parents had joined a migration of Canadians from the country’s Maritime provinces on the Atlantic seaboard to the country’s industrial heartland in Ontario, but they retained strong ties to Canso, Nova Scotia, the ancestral home of Rogers’s mother. Rogers grew up spending every summer in Nova Scotia. Music ran in the family; Nathan Rogers had a strong voice, and an uncle gave Stan his first guitar when he was five—a homemade contraption constructed from birch wood, welding rods, and a toothbrush. Rogers began to focus seriously on music in high school. For a while he joined the rock revolution as a bassist, but the influence of Canadian folk stars Joni Mitchell and Gordon Lightfoot steered him toward folk music in the late 1960s. His Aunt Jane, who lived in Canso, urged him to write songs about Nova Scotia, and he responded with a group of detailed story songs.

These set him apart from the introspective productions of other folk-pop songwriters of the day, and he was able to launch a professional career in 1969 while attending classes intermittently at McMaster University in Hamilton and at Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario. Ontario audiences responded to Rogers as an authentic voice of the culture of the Maritimes. But in the Maritime Provinces themselves he was initially less popular. “We were coming from ‘away’ [a name for outsiders],” recalled Garnet Rogers, who joined his brother’s band in 1973, in an interview in the Bostonarea Patriot Ledger newspaper that was reproduced on Stan Rogers’s website. “They wanted to hear Hank Williams. Then we’d come back to Ontario and play the club circuit, the coffeehouses, and they would see us as being a real Maritime act.” Rogers found a new outlet for his songs when he began to receive commissions from the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) for music suitable for documentary programs, and for a folk-music “opera,” So Hard to Be So Hard. A major career breakthrough came with his appearance at Canada’s prestigious Winnipeg Folk Festival in 1975. After that show, Rogers was brought into the studio by festival director Mitch Podolak to record an album for his Barnswallow label. With a fund of songs about the Maritimes drawn from his earlier tours and from his CBC soundtrack material, Rogers was in a position to release a strong debut with Fogarty’s Cove in 1977. The album showcased the six-foot four-inch Rogers’s rich baritone voice in front of a small instrumental group that included a flute. “Barrett’s Privateers” was a depiction of an eighteenthcentury pirate ship, historically authentic and unsentimental in the lament of its young narrator, who loses both his legs. Though most of the songs were narrative portraits, perhaps the album’s best-known track was “Forty-Five Years,” a warm chronicle of a long love affair. After the success of Fogarty’s Cove, Rogers formed his own record label, taking the album’s name as that of the new company. He released Turnaround in 1978, another album that reached into his earlier songbag, and followed it with Between the Breaks ѧ Live in 1979. That album included covers of songs by other writers, as well as original Rogers compositions. Sales figures for Rogers’s music are difficult to establish, for many of them were sold at concerts and in small, independent shops not tied into the machinery of music industry distribution. One distributor, however, pointed in 1997 to strong ongoing sales of Rogers’s albums and estimated that Fogarty’s Cove had sold more than 100,000 copies—a figure good for platinum status in Canada. Rogers released Northwest Passage in 1981, and it has generally been accounted among his finest releases. In the songs for the album, Rogers turned from the Maritimes to the farms of the Canadian prairies. “Field Behind the Plow” influenced, among others, North Dakota farmer songwriter Chuck Suchy, Rogers • 137


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orn Stanley Allison Rogers on November 29, 1949, in Hamilton, ON, Canada; died in an airliner

fire, June 2, 1983, in Cincinnati, OH. Education: Attended

McMaster

University,

Hamilton,

Ontario,

Canada; and Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. Played in rock bands as bassist, 1960s; began performing as folksinger in clubs in Ontario and in Maritime provinces, 1969; wrote songs for CBC documentaries, 1970s; appeared at Winnipeg Folk Festival, 1975; released debut album, Fogarty’s Cove, 1977; formed Fogarty’s Cove label, made U.S. debut, released Turn-

As he returned home on Air Canada Flight 797 on June 2, 1983, a fire broke out in the plane’s rear restroom. Pilots made an emergency landing at Greater Cincinnati Airport in Kentucky, but 23 passengers died of smoke inhalation as the plane was evacuated. Among them was Rogers, who was said to have helped other passengers to safety. The loss of Rogers was still felt keenly in the folk music community two decades later—even more so in view of the depth of talent revealed in the substantial body of unreleased recordings left behind at his death. The Fogarty’s Cove label, under the leadership of Rogers’s widow, Ariel, released them periodically over the 1980s and 1990s; From Fresh Water was a completed cycle of songs about Canada’s Great Lakes region that included a protest song, “Tiny Fish for Japan.” Home in Halifax was a recording of a Nova Scotia house concert, while Poetic Justice (1996) showcased music written by Rogers for two plays broadcast on CBC radio.

around, 1978; released Between the Breaks ѧ Live!, 1979; performed in Scotland and at Kerrville (TX) Folk Festival, released Northwest Passage, 1981; released For the Family, 1983; several posthumous releases. Awards: Diplôme d’Honneur (Canada).

who said on his website that when a friend gave him a tape of the song, “It was at that moment that I realized that the life I was immersed in was worthy of song.” CBC listeners later nominated the album’s title track as Canada’s unofficial second national anthem. Rogers’s Canadian portraits also had a strong influence on younger singers such as James Keelaghan and the group Blue Rodeo. His nearly 100 songs have been recorded by artists ranging from Scotland’s Battlefield Band and Tannahill Weavers to the American folksters Peter, Paul & Mary, and even by children’s star Raffi.

Selected discography Fogarty’s Cove, Barnswallow, 1977. Turnaround, Fogarty’s Cove, 1978. Between the Breaks ѧ Live!, Fogarty’s Cove, 1979. Northwest Passage, Fogarty’s Cove, 1981. For the Family, Folk Tradition, 1983. From Fresh Water, Fogarty’s Cove, 1984. Home in Halifax, Fogarty’s Cove, 1992. Poetic Justice: Two Radio Plays, Fogarty’s Cove, 1996.

Sources Books Gudgeon, Chris, Stan Rogers: Northwest Passage, Fox, 2004. Wilburn, Gene, Northern Journey: A Guide to Canadian Folk Music, Reference, 1995.

Periodicals Some of Rogers’s recordings had orchestral string backing, and by the standards of folk music in the United States they qualified as heavily produced. But the sparse For the Family (1983), a selection of traditional songs, placed Rogers and his guitar front and center; he produced the album himself. With several albums under his belt, Rogers began to gain attention beyond Canada. He represented Nova Scotia at the Gathering of the Clans in Scotland in 1981, and he frequently toured the folk circuit in the northeastern United States. In 1983 he headed for the Kerrville Folk Festival in Texas.


Billboard, November 1, 1997, p. 59.

Online “Biography,” Chuck Suchy Official Website, http://www. chucksuchy.com (February 28, 2007). “Rogers, Stan,” The Canadian Encyclopedia, http://www. canadianencyclopedia.ca (February 28, 2007). Stan Rogers Official Website, http://www.stanrogers.net (February 28, 2007). —James M. Manheim

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apper Rick Ross is best known for his millionselling single “Hustlin’,” an anthem to life on the street in the toughest neighborhoods of Miami. In Vibe, Casey Woods described Ross’s style as “Street music: raw lyrics, fierce beats, and impeccable street cred.” Ross was born William Roberts, and grew up in Carol City, a rough, poor, and dangerous neighborhood in northern Miami’s Dade County in Florida. True to his street roots, he took his performing name from that of Ricky Ross, a drug dealer who headed one of the largest cocaine networks in the United States in the 1980s and early 1990s.

Rick Ross

“I Was in the Streets Most of the Time” Ross made music for almost 12 years before signing with a major label. He told Scott Mazerall in Hip Hop Canada, “You know what man, I was in the streets most of the time so a lot of the time in that 12 years, I wasn’t committed and focused the way I was supposed to.” However, some observers saw signs that his talent could one day lead to a big career. He performed at DJ Khaled’s birthday party, where P. Diddy was a guest. Khaled told Christian Hoard in Rolling Stone, “Diddy’s eyes got big. He looked at Ross like ѧ ‘He’s gonna be a big boy in the rap game.’”

Rapper

One single, “Hustlin’,” peaked at number seven on the Billboard hip-hop chart and also hit number 54 on the Billboard Hot 100. “Hustlin’,” the cornerstone of the album, was described by Hoard as “a hypnotic mix of thick organ, brassy synths and trunk-rattling bass, topped with a hooky, slo-mo refrain (‘Every day, I’m hustlin’’).”

Bryan Bedder/Getty Images

The single talks about making money on the street, glorifying drug dealers and thugs; as Ross told Jigsaw in All Hip Hop, in the lyrics he is also “shouting out a lot of key players that rolled us through the ranks in the streets. A couple of ’em doing life right now, so you know it’s like a tribute album. Like the hustlers’ anthem. That’s what we doing down here. We hustling.” “Hustlin’” did became a local anthem of sorts in Miami before achieving nationwide play. The song’s popularity caught the attention of record labels, and urban music execs, from Irv Gotti at Murder Ink to P. Diddy, entered a bidding war to sign Ross. Jay-Z, president of Def Jam, won the war with a multimillion-dollar contract for Ross. Ross signed with Def Jam in January of 2006, and his debut album, Port of Miami, was released in April of that year. It debuted at the number one spot, selling 187,000 copies in its first week, largely riding on the success of “Hustlin’.” Ross is physically impressive at six-foot, one inch tall, and weighs 300 pounds. His lyrics, like his physical

Ross • 139


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orn William Roberts, in 1977, in Florida; married; one daughter.

Released Port of Miami, 2006; Rise to Power, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Def Jam, 89 Broadhurst Ave., New York, NY 10039.

appearance, project the tough neighborhood he grew up in, with gritty descriptions of violence, drug dealings, and betrayal. “I’m clarifying, not glorifying,” Ross told Evelyn McConnell in Interview. McConnell noted that 28 young people from Miami-Dade County were killed in the first 28 weeks of 2006, and commented that Ross’s lyrics could be viewed as “either recklessly ill-timed or bluntly to the point.” Ross said, “It’s that poverty, that lifestyle. For me it’s all about trying to bring as much attention and light to the city as I can.” Of his fans, most of whom are from neighborhoods just like his, he told Woods, “I respect them and they respect me, ’cause I rose through the ranks of the streets. I ain’t get here for just rapping.” Ross told Woods that Miami gang leader Kenneth “Boobie” Williams, who is now serving a life sentence for murder, is his most important mentor in life. He also quoted the Bible: Psalm 27:2, “When the wicked, even mine enemies and my foes, came upon me to eat up my flesh, they stumbled and fell.” Ross said, “I recite that two or three times a day, because it applies to all those ѧ haters, all those police, and all those doubters.” He has a paternalistic attitude toward his fans: “They not going to let me out of their sight, because I’m the only thing they got going in their life.” “That’s the Side I’m From” A big inspiration for Ross is bringing the life of the rougher side of Miami to people’s attention. He told William E. Ketchum III in Nobody Smiling that this was because “that’s the side I’m from. From the other side


of the bridge, that’s where it really goes down at ѧ . Just representing where I’m from, just letting people know what’s really happening in Miami. A lot of [people] might’ve forgotten the real deal, you know? That’s where it really happens at.” Ross told Ketchum that his main enjoyment of his new career is “Just the game, man. It took a long time to get here. Getting here was the hard part, now it’s just time to [eat] cake.” He also said, “When you’re working for something, and you’re making progress and you accomplish some of your dreams and aspirations, that’s what it is.” Ross’s second album Rise to Power was released in 2007.

Selected discography Port of Miami, Def Jam, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Daily Variety, August 17, 2006, p.3. Interview, October 2006, p. 78.

Online “Interview with Rick Ross,” Hip Hop Canada, April 30, 2006, http://www.hiphopcanada,com/_site/entertainment/ interviews/ent_int300.php (February 26, 2007). “Rick Ross: Brand New Hustle,” All Hip Hop, http://www. allhiphop.com/features/?ID=1329 (March 2, 2007). “Rick Ross: Miami Hustler,” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com/news/artistwatch/story/10463742/rick_ ross_miami_hustler.html (February 26, 2007). “Rick Ross: M.I.A. Triangle Trade,” Nobody Smiling, http:// www.nobodysmiling.com/hiphop/interview/86493.php (February 26, 2007). “Rick Ross: On the Real,” All Hip Hop, http://www.allhiphop. com/features/ID=1397 (March 2, 2007). “Rick Ross,” Vibe, April 17, 2006, http://www.vibe.com/music/ 2006/04/17/html (February 26, 2007). —Kelly Winters

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Scissor Sisters Rock group

lthough the rock band Scissor Sisters is based in New York City; it is in the United Kingdom that the group is most famous. In 2004 the band’s self-titled debut was the biggest selling record in the United Kingdom, with four Top 20 singles. The quintet gained attention for its flamboyant onstage performances, quirky stage names like Ana Matronic and Babydaddy, and infectious music that the Washington Post’s Richard Harrington described as “’70s singer-songwriter craftsmanship mixing with disco camp and stadium rock, punk attitude melding with new romantic couture, transatlantic influences revisited with sincerity and authority rather than kitsch coyness.” Scissor Sisters earned a dear friend and collaborator in music legend Elton John, and with the group’s three openly gay members, the band’s decadent and liberating music found itself more at home in the United Kingdom than in their home country. “They are the most enjoyable pop group to emerge in recent memory,” proclaimed Time. The Scissor Sisters began as a duo in New York City, with Jake Shears (Jason Sellards) and Babydaddy (Scott Hoffman) writing and performing electronic dance songs in their apartment. Shears was studying to be a journalist while working as a go-go dancer at a

AP Images

Scissor Sisters • 141


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embers include Babydaddy, bass, keyboards, vocals, guitar; Paddy Boom, drums; Del Mar-

quis, guitar; Ana Matronic, vocals; Jake Shears,

like “Take Your Mama,” “Filthy Gorgeous,” and “Comfortably Numb,” (re-recorded for the album) pushed the group’s fan base beyond their cult following. “Combining classic seventies rock, singer-songwriter pop, vintage disco and recent electroclash,” declared Rolling Stone, “Scissor Sisters’ debut bridges stylistic and historic gaps with effortless grace and unexpected depth.”

vocals. Group formed in New York, NY, c. 2001; released singles “Electrobix” and “Comfortably Numb,” 2002; signed to Universal Records, released Scissor Sisters, 2004; released Ta-Dah, 2006. Awards: Brit Awards, Best International Group, Best International Album and Best International Newcomer, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Universal, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica , CA 90404. Website—Scissor Sisters Official Website: http://www.scissorsisters.com.

gay club to earn money. The duo of Shears and Babbydaddy were performing shows around town when they met performance artist Ana Matronic (Ana Lynch). The duo asked Matronic, who was hosting a cabaret night at a Lower East Side club, to join their band as a second vocalist. Caught up in the short-lived electroclash music trend, the trio pumped out energizing songs with Shears and Matronic on vocals and Babydaddy manning keyboards and bass. The group signed to A Touch of Class Recordings and released their first single, “Electrobix,” in 2002. The single’s b-side was a disco takeoff of Pink Floyd’s classic rock song “Comfortably Numb.” After adding guitarist Del Marquis (Derek Gruen) and drummer Paddy Boom (Patrick Seacor) to fill out the Scissor Sisters’ live sound, the group slowly built a fan base at gay and dance clubs in the United Kingdom. Things picked up in 2004 and the band signed a U.K. deal with Polydor. The group also began to expand their sound by reaching back to the best of 1970s pop and disco and 1980s electronic music and glam-rock choruses. Taking advantage of the buzz on “Comfortably Numb,” the Scissor Sisters headed to the United Kingdom in 2004, where they toured as a headlining act as well as an opening act with Duran Duran. The Scissor Sisters’ music caught the public’s interest, with its nods to Elton John and the Bee Gees’ finest 1970s moments; but it was their live shows that began to create a frenzy overseas. The band, which signed with Universal Records in the United States, returned there to promote the release of Scissor Sisters. Tracks 142 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

The larger-than-life musical style of the band took hold on the U.K. radio charts, but barely touched those in the United States. The Scissor Sisters began to play to larger and larger audiences overseas after their album spawned four Top 20 singles. While Scissor Sisters eventually sold close to 300,000 copies in the United States, it sold over 2.6 million in the United Kingdom and was the biggest selling record there in 2004. Shears told Harrington, the music can be enjoyed by anyone. “I’m not interested in just singing about gay things,” he said. “I like to have that mask on it where it can be interpreted in multiple ways. ѧ I could sing about heterosexual romance just as easily as anything else and it would still be interesting to me.” The Scissor Sisters treated their concerts like a theatrical production, with disco nightlife clothing and outrageous stage acts. “What we do is about people displaying their fantasies on the outside, trying to break out of the everyday, and look like their dreams,” Matronic stated in the band’s official biography. Their overthe-top shows brought all walks of life together. “The music is very transportive, and there is an element of escapism in our record and our music,” Matronic told Out ’s Matthew Breen. “To go onstage and sing a song like ‘Filthy/Gorgeous’ in jeans and a T-shirt is a little silly, so I think we have to be—image᎑wise᎑over the top.” As Shears told Harrington, the Scissor Sisters’ stage outfits are fulfilling a longstanding rock ’n’ roll tradition made famous by artist like Queen, David Bowie, and Elton John. “Dressing up and wearing crazy stuff and going for it ѧ that’s what rock ’n’ roll is all about and what it’s always been about,” said Shears. “And I think that somewhere in the past 10 or 12 years, that’s gotten lost a little bit, it’s gotten a bit more casual, pedestrian.” The band closed out the summer playing dates with Elton John and the year with Grammy nominations for Best Dance Record for “Comfortably Numb.” At the end of 2005 the quintet took home Brit Awards for Best International Group, Best International Album, and Best International Newcomer. When the Scissor Sisters finally returned home to New York, exhausted and drained, they began to feel pressure to make a sophomore album that could stand up to their debut. But once primary songwriters Shears and Babydaddy went back to everyday life, they found it wasn’t easy to write happy, danceable songs. “We’d been touring for so long that I was still getting adrenaline rushes, which felt like panic attacks,” Shears admitted to Out ’s Tom Donaghy. In response to his feelings, they wrote the

peppy disco track “I Don’t Feel Like Dancin’.” “By singing about not feeling like dancing, it was the only way to write a dance song that was fun, but still came from an honest place,” Shears said in the group’s bio. The song gave the band a push to write more new songs. Moving out of Babydaddy’s home studio and into a rented building, the band began work on their sophomore record for Universal. Sir Elton John came in to co-write “Intermission” and “I Don’t Feel Like Dancin’,” also playing piano on the latter. David Bowie’s band mate Carlos Alomar added some guitar and Matronic played a bit of piano for the first time. The new collection included songs with a mellower tone. Personal losses, career fulfillment and letdowns all fueled new tracks. “Somehow, we found moments of forgetting and something positive in the struggle. The process wasn’t a party,” Babydaddy told Donaghy. “A lot of it was finding the light at the end of the tunnel.” In September of 2006 the Scissor Sisters released their sophomore record Ta-Dah. In its first week, the record sold more than 288,000 copies in the United Kingdom, proving the band’s international success. “I Don’t Feel Like Dancin’” became the band’s first number one song. To promote the new record in the United States, the band played to crowds of between one and three thousand, while overseas they packed England’s famous Wembley Stadium with more than 11,000 screaming fans. The band’s popularity may never reach mass proportions in the United States, but the disparity in their fan bases keeps them humble and happy with what they’ve chosen to do. “I don’t think we’re afraid to play anything. Pop should be meaningful again—it shouldn’t be a dirty word,” Shears proclaimed in their bio. “We’re not making fun of anything

we do, and there’s no way we’re going to sound manufactured. Our songs are accessible enough to break through barriers.”

Selected discography Scissor Sisters, Universal, 2004. Ta-Dah, Universal, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Time, August 2, 2004. Washington Post, January 7, 2005.

Online “Scissor Sisters,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/ (February 15, 2007). “Scissor Sisters,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/ news/story/6769149/scissor_sisters (February 15, 2007). “Scissor Sisters: Up Close and Personal”; “They’re Gorgeous, You’re Filthy,” Out, http://www.out.com (February 15, 2007).

Other Additional information was provided by Girlie Action Media and Universal Records publicity materials, 2007. —Shannon McCarthy

Scissor Sisters • 143

Selah

cultures shared their songs with the Smiths, and both can sing songs in the Kituba language quite fluently. However, by parental edict the music they listened to and sang had to be Christian, not rock or pop. Even Christian rock was disallowed. However, Todd’s older sister Shawn gave him an LP by pioneer Christian rockers Petra, and he fell in love with the sound. Later, while attending a boarding school in Kinshasa, he gave himself a first-class schooling in rock ’n’ roll. “I really took to groups like Boston, Kansas, Foreigner, Journey, Toto, and Genesis,” he reported in his on-line biography. “I heard everything from Madonna to Prince to the Doors to the Beatles.” When the Smiths moved back to the United States, the youngsters felt as if they were in a cultural time warp, and worked hard to catch up with the trends and fashions of the West without sacrificing their own spiritual values. Nicol graduated from Wheaton College in Chicago, while Todd began attending Belmont University in Nashville. They then met their future partner in song, Allan Hall.

Gospel group

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ne of the cutting edge favorites of Contemporary Christian Music, Selah is a trio whose style incorporates smooth pop, passionate devotional influences, and more than a touch of South African atmosphere. Especially popular are the early recordings that featured the blue-eyed soul singing of Nicol Smith, sister of co-founder Todd Smith. Steadied by Allan Hall’s rock solid tenor and semi-classical piano playing, along with Smith’s rich sense of tone, the trio fashioned a series of award-winning disks that helped re-energize popular sacred music. Nicol and Todd Smith were born in Michigan but spent several years of their childhood in South Africa with their parents, who were missionaries. In fact, their grandfather Laban Smith and his wife had established a mission station in Nkara-Ewa in 1948. Years later Jim and Nancy Smith followed suit, bringing practical aid and a religious message to underdeveloped regions. The time the family spent in the Congo, from 1978 to 1986, was spiritually rewarding, but the living conditions—disease, poverty, and lack of common utilities such as electricity—were hard to endure. “When we left Africa after living there for eight years,” recalled Nicol in her Curb Records biography, “the people said, ‘don’t forget us,’ and that was so hard. As a Christian, I know I shouldn’t forget the poor because they are my brothers and sisters. At the same time, it’s good for me to remember that they had peace in spite of their poverty, and a spiritual richness because they had to depend on God. I never want to forget that.” Born into a musical family, both Todd and Nicol relied on music to bolster their spirits. In turn, the native 144 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

A native of the South, Hall had been playing piano since the age of seven. He grew up listening to traditional country acts such as the Osbourne Brothers and Bill Monroe and the Bluegrass boys, and listened to such mainstream artists as Elvis Presley and Patsy Cline. Sporadically schooled on the piano, the young keyboardist learned his instrument through diligent practice and by learning to play by ear the songs in his parents’ record collection. While still a teenager, he played for a country music review in Busch Gardens and with future producer Jason Kyle in an group called Caney Ridge, which opened shows for such established country stars as Sammy Kershaw and Clay Walker. While in college he also sang as part of a bluegrass trio before hooking up with Nicol and Todd Smith. Ironically, Nicol Smith did not set her sights on being a professional singer of sacred music. She envisioned herself as a pop singer, and moved to Nashville to pursue that dream. While working as a waitress, she provided backup vocals on sessions for established country powerhouses such as Wynonna, Amy Grant, Michael McDonald, and Martina McBride. Her audition tape caught the ear of label honcho Mike Curb and she was signed as a pop singer, although her first album was not released until 2000. While she was working on her own recordings, the music she made with her brother and with Hall began to catch on. Subsequently, Selah—whose name means “to lift up the voice in praise”—became a top priority at Curb before Nicol’s solo work emerged. Selah’s debut album Be Still My Soul, was a lowbudget affair that smartly featured the group’s finest attributes—Hall’s sincere church tenor and the Smith’s black gospel influences. Besides writing top-notch


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embers include Allan Hall, piano, vocals; Nicol Smith-Sponberg and Todd Smith (Both

Smiths are the children of Jim and Nancy Smith of the Laban Ministries.) Gospel group originally consisting of Todd Smith, Nicol Smith (Sponberg), and Allan Hall, formed 1998; recorded for Curb Records, 1998–; Nicol Smith left group to pursue solo career, 2004; Melodie Crittenden briefly replaced her, 2004; Ann Perry hired as permanent replacement, 2005; group appeared on such religious television programs as The 700 Club, The Hour of Power, Life Today with James Robinson, and the TBN Christmas special Rose of Bethlehem. Awards: Gospel Music Awards, Inspirational Album of the Year, for Be Still My Soul, 2000; Inspirational Album of the Year, for Hold On, 2002; Traditional Recorded Gospel Song, for “Hold On,” 2002; Inspirational Album of the Year, for Hiding Place, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Curb Records, 48 Music Square E., Nashville, TN 37203, website: http://www. curb.com. Management—Jannsen Management, 1707 Richbourg Park Dr., Brentwood, TN 78716, phone: 615-370-4768, fax: 615-370-1082, website: http:// www.jannsenmanagement.com.

Booking—Breen

Lighthouse, Todd Smith explains, “This is probably what Be Still My Soul would have sounded like anyway, if we’d had a budget when we first went in to record it.” Mixing well-known standards like “Amazing Grace” and “How Great Thou Art” with such Congolese praise songs as “Yesu Azali Awa” (Jesus is here with us), they scaled the Christian music charts with the speed of a hot pop act. Appearances on such television programs as The 700 Club, The Hour of Power, and LeSea Broadcasting’s Live from Studio B cemented their reputation with the faithful, while subsequent albums such as Rose of Bethlehem and Hiding Place attracted a younger audience for Christian music via the Adult Contemporary charts. In 2004 all of Selah’s principal members put out secular-based solo discs. Hall’s disc had a bluegrass feel; Todd Smith leaned more on rock and pop, and Nicol Smith leaned heavily on modern R&B; with a devotional edge. In addition to her work with Selah, Nicol Smith maintained a solo career, releasing her first self-titled album in 2000. In 2004 she married Greg Sponberg and left the group to help run a ministry with her new husband. Her replacement was an old friend, Melodie Crittenden, who stayed with the group less than a year before leaving to start a family. After several auditions Hall and Smith found Ann Perry. Though less influenced by black gospel than either Sponberg or Crittenden, Perry’s voice matched well with Smith’s harmonically. “I had heard of them,” Perry told Christianity Today, “I had just never heard them. I know it sounds funny, but I don’t listen to a lot of contemporary Christian music. I am more drawn to worship music, and being on a praise team at a big church before I joined Selah, that was all I had been listening to.”

Agency, 110 30th Ave. N., Ste. 3, Nashville, TN 37203, phone: 615-777-2277, fax: 615-321-4656, website:

http://www.thebreenagency.com,

e-mail:

[email protected]. Website—Official Artist Website: http://www.selahonline.com.

original material and arrangements, they also gave vent to their African influences with their renditions of “Wayfaring Stranger” and “Bika Mono Ve (It Is Well),” which is sung partly in Kituba. Armed with a fresh new sound, the youthful group benefitted from regular airplay on Christian Contemporary Radio. Subsequently, their first album was a major seller that earned them a Dove award from the Gospel Music Association. The group’s sophomore effort, Press On, is considered by many to be Selah’s masterwork. Co-produced by Selah and Jason Kyle, the disc boasted a bigger sound while still capitalizing on the basic elements that made the group distinctive. Speaking to Christian Music

Perry was on board with Selah in time to record Bless the Broken Road: The Duets Album in 2006, which featured guest appearances by Cynthia Clawson, Nichole Nordeman, BarlowGirl, the Crabb Family, and Plumb. Despite the loss of the popular Nicol SmithSponberg, the band has remained a powerhouse that attracts new listeners to their genre. Through it all, founding member Todd Smith has remained dedicated, reflective, and thankful. “In the end it’s all about finishing the race completely—not giving up and being obedient to His will,” he stated on his website. “I think that comes through when you live a life with passion. Choosing to do things that make you feel like you’re alive—that’s what God really wants for us. And that’s huge.”

Selected discography Be Still My Soul, Curb, 1999. Press On, Curb, 2001. Rose of Bethlehem, Curb, 2002.

Selah • 145

Hiding Place, Curb, 2004. Greatest Hymns, Curb, 2005. Bless the Broken Road: The Duets Album, Curb, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, June 26, 2004.

Online “IntroducingѧAmy Perry,” Christianity Today, http://www. christianitytoday.com/music/interviews/2006/amyperrymini-1006.html (October 30, 2006). “Nicol Sponberg,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 20, 2007). Nicol Sponberg bio, Curb.com, http://www.curb.com


(February 22, 2007). Nicol Sponberg: Resurrection, Curb.com, http://www.curb. com (February 22, 2007). “Selah,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 20, 2007). “Selah bio,” Curb.com, http://www.curb.com (February 22, 2007). Selah biography, Christian Music Lighthouse, http://www. christianmusiclighthouse.com/main/biographyselahbio/ index.htm (2001). Selah Official Website, http://www.selahonline.com (February 20, 2007). “Staying Busy and Loving It!,” Christianity Today, http://www. christianitytoday.com/music/interviews/selah-1202.html (December 16, 2002). Todd Smith Official Website, http://www/toddsmithonline.com (February 22, 2007). —Ken Burke

Judee Sill Singer, songwriter

U

ntil the mid-2000s, Judee Sill might have been called a brilliant but forgotten figure of the 1970s Los Angeles folk-rock songwriting scene. That changed with the reissue of Sill’s two albums on the Asylum label, revealing a highly original talent that had begun to receive widespread critical attention. As gripping as Sill’s music was her turbulent biography, which included criminal sprees, drug abuse, stints in incarceration, and a string of disastrous romantic relationships. Later songwriters, ranging from folkrocker Shawn Colvin to alternative icon Liz Phair, expressed admiration for Sill and described her influence on their own work. Judy Lynn Sill was born in the Studio City district in the San Fernando Valley, in Los Angeles, California, on October 7, 1944, but she spent her early childhood in Oakland. Her father operated a tavern called Bud’s Bar and ran a business on the side importing exotic animals. The bar, Sill said in a Rolling Stone interview quoted by the Washington Post, was “where I started playing piano and found out I could harmonize with myself. But even back then I knew something was wrong, that I was missing out on having a normal life. It was so seedy in the bar, you know—people were always fighting and puking, there was illegal gambling, and my parents drank a lot.” A crucial event in Sill’s childhood was her father’s death in 1952; her mother, Oneta, then married Tom and Jerry animator Kenneth Muse and moved Sill back to Los Angeles. Sill disliked Muse from the start and played destructive tricks on him.

At 15, Sill escaped tensions at home by running away with an armed robber. “I saw a lot of terrible injustice all around me, so I fell in with a bunch of hoodlums to express myself poetically,” she said in an interview quoted in London’s Observer. After a string of holdups, Sill’s boyfriend landed in jail and Sill was sent to the Ventura School for Girls, a reform institution. Sill reaped some benefits from her nine-month stay there, furthering her keyboard skills with organ lessons and doing well in art classes. But she flaunted the authority of school administrators by singing the country music classic “The Prisoner’s Song” during a school assembly, stirring applause with the lines, “If I had the wings of an angel, over these prison walls I would fly.” Sill enrolled at San Fernando Junior College in 1963, taking more art and music classes. She dropped out after a cross-country driving trip with two other young women in 1964, during which she fired a gun at a group of young men in a pickup truck who were tailgating their car. Getting a job at a factory that turned out massproduced paintings for motel rooms and the like, Sill intensified her experimentation with drugs. She used LSD and heroin, which she called respectively the white peace and the dark peace. Sill’s marriage (the first of two) to keyboardist Bob Harris did not divert her from this course, for he was a fellow heroin user. Developing a $150-a-day heroin habit, Sill turned once again to crime. She was arrested on forgery charges and was left in a jail cell to undergo cold-turkey detoxification. She told interviewers that she engaged in prostitution during this period. Beginning around 1966, however, Sill avoided drug use and announced her intention to become the greatest songwriter in the world. The Los Angeles rock group the Leaves recorded her “Dead Time Bummer Blues,” and she began to attract a strong following among mostly female fans as she performed at coffee houses and small but trendsetting clubs such as Arty Fatbuckle’s in Hollywood. Word of Sill’s talent spread among her fellow musicians, and when several members of the folk-rock group the Turtles started a publishing company called Blimp Productions, they signed Sill to a $65-a-week songwriting contract. The Turtles recorded Sill’s “Lady-O” in 1969. Among the music industry figures who began to follow Sill’s career was Asylum Records head David Geffen. Sill fell in love with Geffen, who did not reciprocate, but he did sign her to Asylum. Her 1971 debut, Judee Sill, was Asylum’s first official release. Sill’s music was unlike that of her Los Angeles-area contemporaries. She was basically a singersongwriter, but her songs and the arrangements of them that appeared on her recordings (some of the arrangements were the work of Harris) involved other layers of style. There were elements of country music, including a steel guitar, which worked to Sill’s commercial disadvantage, as her releases competed with those of the phenomenally popular group the Eagles in Sill • 147


B

orn Judy Lynn Sill, October 7, 1944, in Studio City, CA; married twice; died November 23, 1979,

of possible intentional drug overdose. Education: Attended San Fernando Valley Junior College; classical music training. Began performing in Los Angeles area coffee houses and clubs; signed as songwriter to Blimp Productions publishing company, 1969; signed to Asylum label, 1971; released Judee Sill, 1971; released Heart Food, 1973.

the 1970s. Her classical training showed up in her use of complex four-part harmonies and large choral sections she composed herself. And there was a strong religious element in her music. Her songs did not fit the pattern of the contemporary Christian music that was just beginning to take shape as a genre, but it had strong spiritual elements. Asked about her influences, Sill named both German classical composer J.S. Bach and gospel singer Mahalia Jackson, and she described her own style as country-cult-baroque. Sill never found a satisfying romantic relationship, although during this period she pursued both Geffen and songwriter J.D. Souther. She was also rumored to have had brief flings with young women she entertained at her new home in the Los Angeles foothills. Her personal and professional relationship with Geffen deteriorated, although Geffen devoted the full resources of the Asylum label to the complex production requirements of Sill’s second album, Heart Food (1973). That album, co-produced by Sill, sold poorly, although classical critic Tim Page of the Washington Post later evaluated it as “an album that, in its mixture of formal adventure and searing spiritual intensity, can rank with Van Morrison’s Astral Weeks and the Velvet Underground’s self-titled third album.” The commercial failure of Heart Food discouraged Sill. She recorded some songs for a third album with a rumored title of Tulips from Amsterdam, eight of which resurfaced on a 2005 release called Dreams Come


True that was compiled by Sill enthusiasts and issued on the Water label along with live performances and other materials. Following her split with Geffen, Sill’s life went downhill. She began abusing drugs once more, and her problems worsened after an auto accident left her troubled by back pain for which doctors refused to prescribe painkillers due to her earlier arrests. The last few years of Sill’s life were troubled; occasional visitors found her immersed in occult writings. Sill was found dead at her North Hollywood home on November 23, 1979; acute cocaine and codeine intoxication were given as the cause of death. By that time Sill had been almost forgotten, and many of her musician contemporaries did not learn of her death for some months. Her rediscovery in the early 2000s was partly due to the enthusiasm of musicians she influenced, including Colvin and rock songwriter Warren Zevon, and for her rich and ambitious songs; both her studio albums enjoyed successful reissues on the Rhino label, and various other Sill materials were transferred to CD.

Selected discography Judee Sill, Asylum, 1971. Heart Food, Asylum, 1973. Dreams Come True, Water, 2005. Complete Asylum Recordings, Asylum, 2006. Abracadabra: The Asylum Years, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, November 4, 2005, p. 71. Sing Out!, Winter 2006, p. 120. Washington Post, December 30, 2006, p. C1.

Online “Judee Sill,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 27, 2007). “The Lost Child,” Observer Music Monthly, http://observer. guardian.co.uk/omm/story/0,13887,1369079,00.html (February 27, 2007). “Remembering Judee,” http://kneeling.co.uk/frames2.asp?pages/jsill/sj_remember.asp (February 27, 2007). —James M. Manheim

B

est known for the enigmatic 1972 hit “You’re So Vain,” Carly Simon established herself during the 1970s’ singer-songwriter boom. Possessing a stirring yet sweet folk voice, a knack for confessional lyrics, and an earthy sexuality, she was the hottest female star in the days before disco. Like her former husband James Taylor, she eventually earned great critical acclaim for her reinterpretations of standards. The multitalented Simon has written scores for films such as Piglet’s Big Movie, contributed an Oscar-winning song to the hit comedy Working Girl, and has written five successful children’s books.

Carly Simon

Simon was born in New York City on June 25, 1945, to Richard Simon, a co-founder of the Simon and Schuster publishing company, and Andrea Simon. She had two sisters, Lucy and Joanna, and a brother, Peter, all artists, musical or otherwise. Both of her parents were musically inclined. Simon grew up listening to the music of George and Ira Gershwin and Richard Wagner. She was exposed to folk music as a schoolgirl. “Odetta was my idol,” she told Joe Smith for his book Off the Record. “I wanted to sing like her. Then I heard Joan Baez, and it didn’t seem possible that I could ever sound like her. Then I heard Judy Collins. I was a senior in high school. When you think you’re a singer yourself, the people who influence you are the people you can sound like, people you can imitate, and Judy Collins I thought I could sound like.”

Singer, songwriter

The Simon Sisters

Paul Hawthorne/Getty Images

Simon dropped out of Sarah Lawrence College, and she and her sister Lucy formed a folk duo called the Simon Sisters. The pair performed at small clubs along the East Coast, eventually performing on the ABC television show Hootenanny. Soon afterwards they recorded two albums for Kapp Records and their most popular single, “Winkin’, Blinkin’, and Nod,” reached number 78 on the music charts. The Simon Sisters stopped performing together in 1965 after Lucy married. For a short time in 1969 Simon was the lead singer for a rock band called Elephant’s Memory, which briefly became John Lennon’s backing band in 1972. She also sang jingles during this period. Soon a demo was favorably considered by Elektra Records, and she signed with them in 1970. Her 1971 debut, Carly Simon, received positive attention. Timothy Crouse of Rolling Stone noted Simon’s impressive vocals and described her voice as “superbly controlled.” Crouse also noticed a literary connection in Simon’s music; he said, “some of the songs on [Carly Simon] sound like [John] Updike or [J.D.] Salinger short stories set to music.” Simon earned a Grammy Award in 1971 for Best New Artist. Simon followed her debut with a string of successful singles and gold albums during the 1970s. Her No Simon • 149


B

orn June 25, 1945, in New York City; daughter of Richard (a publisher) and Andrea Simon; married

James Taylor (singer/songwriter), 1972 (divorced 1983); children: Sally, Ben; married James Hart (writer/ businessman) December 23, 1987. Education: Attended Sarah Lawrence College. Recording artist and singer-songwriter; during early 1960s Simon and sister Lucy performed as folk duo the Simon Sisters; performed as lead singer for the rock group Elephant’s Memory, 1969; signed with Elektra label, 1970, released debut album, Carly Simon, 1971, and No Secrets, 1972; during early 1980s suffered severe stage fright; rebounded in 1987 with Coming Around Again; recorded for Epic, Arista, Columbia, and Warner Bros; wrote scores for motion pictures, including co-writing “Nobody Does It Better” with Marvin Hamlisch and Carole Bayer Sager for James Bond movie The Spy Who Loved Me; published several children’s books; wrote children’s opera Romulus Hunt, which premiered in 1993; reunited on stage with ex-husband James Taylor for benefit concert, 1995; has appeared on numerous network television programs, including The Midnight Speacial, Late Show with David Letterman, The Rosie O’Donnell Show, The View, and the The Oprah Winfrey Show; starred in her own television specials, including Carly Simon: Live at Grand Central, 1995, and Carly Simon: A Moonlight Serenade on the Queen Mary 2, 2005. Awards: Grammy Award for Best New Artist, 1971; Grammy Award (with others) for Best Recording for Children, In Harmony/ A Sesame Street Record, 1980;

Secrets album (1972) would become the first of many gold albums, and included the million-selling hit “You’re So Vain.” Simon has never gone public with the name of the person who inspired the song. This was followed by Hotcakes in 1974, which was called the year’s top album in the pop category by Cue magazine; that release included the hit single “Haven’t Got Time For The Pain,” and a duet, “Mockingbird,” with James Taylor, her husband of two years. In 1974 Simon took a break from live performing after the birth of her first child, but continued recording, releasing several albums from the mid 1970s to the early 1980s. In 1977 she had a hit with the provocative theme “Nobody Does It Better” from the James Bond movie The Spy Who Loved Me. Her 1978 album, Boys In The Trees, went platinum. The early 1980s were difficult for Simon personally and professionally. She was in the process of a divorce from Taylor, and her young son, Ben, had undergone a serious kidney operation. After being pushed by Elektra executives to tour in 1981, she eventually collapsed from exhaustion and stage fright during a concert. This was followed by an unsuccessful 1985 album for Epic, Spoiled Girl. Simon, whose sound became increasingly Adult Contemporary in nature, rebounded in 1987 at Arista records after penning the theme “Coming Around Again” for Mike Nichols’s film Heartburn. The hit was also released on an album of the same name, and included the hits “Give Me All Night,” and “As Time Goes By.” Rolling Stone reviewer Rob Hoerburger called Coming Around Again “a strong reminder of how refreshing a diversion Carly Simon can be.” This was followed by another hit single, “Let The Rivers Run,” from the film Working Girl, which Simon wrote and performed. The song earned her an Academy Award, an Oscar, and a Golden Globe Award. Also, in 1987, she married writer and businessman James Hart. In 1988 she released her gold album Greatest Hits Live.

Academy Award and Golden Globe for “Let The Rivers Run,” from Working Girl, 1989; inducted into Songwriters Hall of Fame, 1994; Cable Ace Award, Best Sings, for “Touched By the Sun,” 1995; inducted into Boston Music Hall of Fame, 1995; Boston Music Awards, Female Vocalist of the Year, for “Our Affair,” 2002. Addresses: Record company—Columbia/Sony, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022, official label website: http://www.sonybmgmusic.com. Website—Carly Simon Official Website: http://www.carlysimon.com.


Simon’s popularity and success as a singer and songwriter continued into the 1990s. She wrote the score for the film Postcards From The Edge and released Have You Seen Me Lately? in 1990. The album included 11 new songs by Simon and guest performances by sister, Lucy, and Judy Collins. Also in 1990 she released the second of her set of jazz/standards, My Romance. In 1992 she composed and recorded the soundtrack for the movie This Is My Life, which spawned one of Simon’s best loved songs, “You’re The Love Of My Life.” She also performed on the hugely popular Frank Sinatra Duets album, and wrote five children’s books, as well as a children’s opera, Romulus Hunt, for the Metropolitan Opera Guild and the John F. Kennedy Center.

In November of 1994 Simon released Letters Never Sent, which she called the “most personal album, in a sea of personal albums, that I have ever made.” With the exception of two songs, all the cuts from Letters Never Sent were written or co-written by Simon, inspired by a real box of letters that Simon had written and never sent. “Like A River” was written soon after her mother’s death and stemmed from Simon’s strong desire to communicate with her mother. Entertainment Weekly gave Letters a “B+” rating, and called Simon’s action “a daring move that pays off.” The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette called it the “best collection since the ’70s.” In 1995 Arista released a boxed set, Clouds In My Coffee, which was a retrospective on a prolific career from 1965 to 1995. It included many of her previous hit songs, some new, some live, and some previously unrecorded cuts. Marjorie Rosen of People called the collection “some kinda wonderful.” A Billboard reviewer called the collection “a must have for the Carly Simon fan and a long deserved tribute to an artist who has made immeasurable contributions to American pop, folk, and rock.” Some of the cuts included remixes of her timeless classics as well as two songs from her debut album with sister Lucy. In conjunction with the release of the retrospective, Simon kicked off her first concert tour in 14 years with performances in 16 cities. She received glowing reviews, including one from Steve Morse of the Boston Globe, who commented on the high level of confidence that Simon displayed in a one performance at the Boston’s Avalon. She was joined by daughter Sally, singing Wilson Pickett’s “Mustang Sally.” A performance at New York’s Grand Central Station was filmed and later released by PolyGram. Called Live At Grand Central, it also aired on Lifetime TV. 1995 also marked the year when Simon recovered from her problem with stage fright and performed a concert close to home in Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts, with exhusband James Taylor. The concert was filmed for an HBO special. Completed Trilogy of Standards Simon’s Film Noir, on Arista in 1997, completed her trilogy of standards, which included Torch (1981), and My Romance (1990). The cuts on Film Noir were mainly taped live, giving the album a fresh, unrehearsed feeling. Simon and co-producer Jimmy Webb harmonized together on the Frank Loesser song “Spring Will Be A Little Late This Year.” Simon sang another duet, “Two Sleepy People,” with longtime friend John Travolta. Simon’s son, Ben Taylor, joined in on several cuts. New York Post reviewer Liz Smith called the album “ѧthe sexiest CD of the year.” After waging a successful battle with breast cancer in 1997, Simon slowed her recorded output somewhat.

Bedroom Tapes (2000) was her first album of original material in six years. MacKenzie Wilson of All Music Guide praised Simon’s blend of jazz, blues, folk, pop, and rock ’n’ roll, saying, “She is as raw as she was on 1975’s Playing Possum and just as sweet as 1987’s Coming Around Again, but Simon is fresh.” Simon’s natural sweetness, grounded with a subtle sense of pathos, is what made such seasonal albums as 2002’s Christmas is Almost Here and Season’s Greetings from Room 139 warm and poignant listening experiences. By 2005 Simon had garnered enough personal confidence to finally shake off her legendary stage fright, and she toured in support of yet another set of lushly produced pop standards, Moonlight Serenade. She was quoted by IMDB.com as saying she “no longer has time for that negativity.” Aided by her grown children with Taylor, Simon made a candy-coated return to her folk roots with 2007’s Into White, which included Adult Contemporary versions of Stephen Foster’s “Oh! Susanna,” the Beatles’ “Blackbird,” and the Everly Brothers’ “Devoted to You/All I Have to Do is Dream.” The album provoked Entertainment Weekly’s Chris Willman to observe, “This richly personal disc aims at putting kids to sleep while simultaneously setting parents to rumination. Few boomers won’t get choked up hearing her cover ‘You Can Close Your Eyes,’ by ex-husband James Taylor, with their son, JT sound-alike Ben Taylor.”

Selected discography Singles “That’s the Way I’ve Always Heard it Should Be,” Elektra, 1971. “Anticipation,” Elektra, 1972. “You’re So Vain,” Elektra, 1972. “The Right Thing to Do,” Elektra, 1973. (With James Taylor) “Mockingbird,” Elektra, 1974. “Haven’t Got Time for the Pain,” Elektra, 1974. “Attitude Dancing,” Elektra, 1975. “Nobody Does it Better,” Elektra, 1977. “You Belong to Me,” Elektra, 1978. (With James Taylor) “Devoted to You,” Elektra, 1978. “Jesse,” Warner, 1980. “Coming Around Again,” Arista, 1986. “All I Want is You,” Arista, 1987. “Give Me All Night,” Arista, 1987. “The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of,” Arista, 1987. “Let the Rivers Run,” Arista, 1988. “Better Not Tell Her,” Arista, 1990.

Albums (With sister Lucy) The Simon Sisters, Kapp, 1964. Carly Simon, Elektra, 1971. Anticipation, Elektra, 1971. No Secrets, Elektra, 1972. Hotcakes, Elektra, 1974.

Simon • 151

Playing Possum, Elektra, 1975. Another Passenger, Elektra, 1976. (Contributor) The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack), 1977; reissued, Alliance, 1996. Boys In The Trees, Elektra, 1978. Spy, Elektra, 1979. Come Upstairs, Warner Bros., 1980. Torch, Warner Bros., 1981. Spoiled Girl, Epic, 1985. Coming Around Again, Arista, 1987. Greatest Hits Live, Arista, 1988. (Contributor) Working Girl (soundtrack), Arista, 1989. My Romance, Arista, 1990. Have You Seen Me Lately?, Arista, 1990. (Contributor) This Is My Life (soundtrack), Warner Bros., 1992. (Contributor) Frank Sinatra’s Duets, Capitol, 1993. Letters Never Sent, Arista, 1994. Clouds In My Coffee, Arista, 1995. Film Noir Arista, 1997. Bedroom Tapes, Arista, 2000. Christmas is Almost Here, Rhino, 2002. Season’s Greetings from Room 139, WEA, 2002. Reflections: Carly Simon’s Greatest Hits, WEA International, 2004. Moonlight Serenade, Columbia, 2005. Into White, Columbia, 2007.

Video/DVD My Romance, Pioneer, 1972. Live from Matha’s Vineyard, HBO, 1988. Live at Grand Central, Polygram, 1995. A Moonlight Serenade On the Queen Mary 2, Columbia Music Video, 2005.

Selected writings Amy And The Dancing Bear (children’s book), Doubleday, 1989. The Boy of The Bells (children’s book), Doubleday, 1990. The Fisherman’s Song (children’s book), Doubleday, 1992. Romulus Hunt (opera for children), 1992. The Nighttime Chauffeur (children’s book), Doubleday, 1993. Midnight Farm (children’s book), Simon and Schuster, 1997. Piglet’s Big Movie Songbook (children’s book), Hal Leonard, 2003.


Sources Books Rees, Dafydd, and Luke Crampton, Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Dorling Kindersly, 1996. Romanowski, Patricia, and Holly George-Warren, editors, The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Fireside, 1995. Smith, Joe, edited by Finke, Mitchell, Off the Record—An Oral History of Popular Music, Warner Books, 1988.

Periodicals Billboard, December 2, 1995; December 16, 1995; January 27, 1996, p. 107; September 6, 1997; October 4, 1997. Boston Globe, November 13, 1994; March 14, 1995. Cue, December 9, 1974. Entertainment Weekly, November 11, 1994, p. 77. InStyle, July 1995, pp. 62-68. Miami Herald, September 12, 1997. New York Post, October 8, 1997. MOJO, November 1997. People, August 17,1987, pp. 38, 40; April 17, 1995; December 18, 1995, p. 23; November 3, 1997. Rolling Stone, April 29, 1971; June 18, 1987, p. 85. Toronto Sun, October 25, 1997. TV Guide, May 13, 1995, p. 46. USA Today, March 8, 1995; December 19,1995.

Online Arista Records, http://www.arista.rec.com/aristaweb/ CarlySimon/main.html (March 4, 2007). “Carly Simon,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (March 4, 2007). “Carly Simon,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com (March 4, 2007). Carly Simon Official Website, http://www.CarlySimon.com (March 4, 2007). Entertainment Weekly.com, http://www.ew.com/ew/article/ 0,,20009041,00.html?print (July 10, 2007).

Other Additional information was provided by Arista Records. —Debra Reilly and Ken Burke

Chris Spedding Guitar player, singer, songwriter

A

lthough he has performed as a sideman for dozens of top rock and pop acts, guitarist Chris Spedding is far more than a rock-and-roll footnote. A list of his accomplishments and session contributions would fill a book and, in fact, Chris Spedding: Reluctant Guitar Hero by Kimberley J. Bright was published in 2006. A short recap of his career includes his stint as front man for the highly underrated British rock group Sharks with former Free bassist Andy Fraser and future Talking Heads sideman Michael “Busta” Jones. Spedding also produced the demonstration tapes that earned the Sex Pistols their record contract; produced and played with British punk band the Vibrators; produced the Cramps; was a member of Roy Harper’s backing band Trigger; and performed session guitar work with the likes of Paul McCartney, Elton John, Dusty Springfield, Harry Nilsson, Gilbert O’Sullivan and Bryan Ferry. He also toured as a gun-for-hire with Roxy Music, the Pretenders, and John Cale, in addition to releasing a string of albums and one bona fide British hit single, “Motorbikin’.” Found Music at a Young Age Spedding was born during World War II, the result of an extramarital tryst between a married secretary, Edith Robinson, and an officer in the Royal Australian Air Force, Cedric “John” Gordon White. Named Peter Robinson, his name was changed to Christopher John Spedding upon his adoption three months later by Muriel and Jack Spedding. The Speddings placed a high premium on classical music—Jack taught music

after retiring from a job as a bank officer, and Muriel sang in Bach choirs. Spedding was given a violin and lessons when he was nine, but he had already developed a passion for skiffle, traditional jazz, and early rock-and-roll. He attempted to build a guitar from a mail order kit before his parents consented to purchase a guitar for him. He persisted in his musical development, and by 1959 he had formed the Vulcans. After leaving school he worked at a music shop, where he also became adept at transcribing music for other artists. He supplemented his income as a guitarist in a country band, Bill Jordan and the Country Boys. Spedding’s love of rock gave way to an obsession with jazz, leading him to form a jazz club with vibraphonist Frank Ricotti. He also played jazz with the Graham Collier Rehearsal Band and the Nat Temple Band. As a member of the latter group, Spedding was charged with adapting pop hits of the day for palais (dancehall) audiences. Spedding was tapped by poet and lyricist Pete Brown for a foray into rock-jazz territory. Prior to forming Pete Brown & His Battered Ornaments, Brown was an established British Beat poet who had garnered acclaim for his lyrics for the rock power trio Cream. The Battered Ornaments released A Meal You Can Shake Hands with in the Dark in 1969. The album featured Brown struggling to find a voice for his obscure and slightly psychedelic lyrics, backed by highly competent instrumentalists. The group opened for the Rolling Stones at their Hyde Park concert to introduce new guitarist Mick Taylor, with other British music darlings of the day, Alexis Korner and King Crimson. The Ornaments later jettisoned Brown from the lineup, erasing his vocals from the follow-up album Mantle-Piece, and relied on Spedding to sing as well as play guitar. During this period Spedding also embarked on a highly lucrative side career as a session guitarist. His first such gig was supporting former Cream bassist, singer, and songwriter Jack Bruce on his first solo album, Songs for a Tailor. Spedding joined the jazz-rock fusion group Nucleus for two albums in the early 1970s, affording him the opportunity to travel to the United States to perform at the Newport Jazz Festival. He continued to play with Nucleus while also touring with Jack Bruce, and continued as a studio guitarist for such top pop acts of the era as Gilbert O’Sullivan, Harry Nilsson, Lesley Duncan, and Elton John. He also managed to record several solo albums, including Backwood Progression, an album that revealed his ongoing fascination with the music of Bob Dylan. The record contained mostly acoustic ballads and softer rock stylings. Formed Band By the end of 1971 Bruce abandoned his solo career to form West, Bruce and Laing. Spedding had been increasingly frustrated playing the complicated guitar Spedding • 153


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orn Peter Robinson on June 17, 1944, in Stavely, England; son of Edith Werner Robinson (a

secretary) and Cedric “John” Gordon White (a Royal Australian Air Force officer); adopted by Muriel Fanny Toundrow and Jack (a bank manager) Spedding; married Jodie Beach (divorced).

early 1990s an anonymous fan paid Mr. Snips and Spedding to record another album as Sharks. Like a Black Van Parked on a Dark Curve was recorded with former Elvis Costello sideman Pete Thomas on drums, Jackie Badger (Mr. Snips’s wife) on bass, and Simon Etchell on keyboards. The result prompted All Music Guide critic Dave Thompson to write: “Recorded in 1993, the album was not ultimately released until 1998, but the wait was worthwhile. ѧ The original band’s edgy blues-rock take on glam is updated with surprising ferocity. Spedding is in devastating form throughout. ѧ A triumphant return.”

Guitarist with Vulcans, mid-1960s; formed Battered Ornaments with lyricist and singer Pete Brown, 1968; recorded first solo album, Songs without Words, 1970; formed Sharks with Andy Fraser, Steve Parsons (Mr. Snips), and Marty Simon, 1972; released self-titled solo effort and hit single “Motorbikin’,” 1977; teamed with rockabilly singer Robert Gordon, 1978; released solo album, Click Clack, 2005. Addresses: Website—Chris Spedding Official Website: http://www.chrisspedding.com. E-mail—[email protected].

licks demanded by Bruce, and set about forming a rock band with former Free bassist Andy Fraser, who had co-written the group’s biggest single, “All Right Now.” Spedding and Fraser enlisted drummer Marty Simon and a little-known vocalist, Steve Parsons, who recorded under his nickname “Mr. Snips,” to form Sharks. The quartet released their debut album, First Water, in 1973 to critical acclaim. The album contained a heady mix of rock-blues in the same vein as Free, Bad Company, and Mott the Hoople. Highlights included the sonically textured leadoff track “World Park Junkies,” and “Snakes and Swallowtails,” a song with echoes of Mississippi Delta blues. Fraser departed after First Water and was replaced by American bass player Busta Jones on the group’s follow-up Jab It in Yore Eye. The group toured the United States as an opening act for the reformed group Mountain. Homesickness, however, overcame Spedding and he opted to return to England rather than continue to capitalize on the band’s growing success. After their return to England, the group set about recording a third album with the Who’s bass player John Entwistle as producer. Tensions in the band, however, prevented completion of the project. Mr. Snips and Spedding fired Simon, who in turn convinced Jones that the duo was preparing to fire him, too. Jones then returned to the United States, and the Sharks’ era was finished, but the pair of albums the group released stands alongside the best of the British blues-pop-rock hybrid music of the era. In the


The demise of Sharks in 1974 sent Spedding back to the studio to recoup his financial losses incurred as a member of the ill-fated band. He provided his patented guitar licks to a virtual Who’s Who of British performers of the mid-1970s. One gig that he missed, however, was an opportunity to audition as Mick Taylor’s replacement in the Rolling Stones. “The British music press made up a short list of guitarists that they thought should replace Mick,” Spedding told a writer from Michigan’s Royal Oak Daily Tribune. “My name was on the list, but it was six months before Mick Jagger gave me a call for an audition. I had already committed to a tour with Roy Harper and Trigger, so I had to decline.” As a member of Trigger, Spedding and Yes/Genesis/ King Crimson drummer Bill Bruford supported Roy Harper on what many have considered to be the musician’s masterpiece, HQ, also released as When an Old Cricketeer Leaves the Crease in the United Kingdom. He also recorded and toured with former Velvet Underground mastermind John Cale, notably appearing on the Slow Dazzle album. In 1976 Spedding teamed with producer Mickie Most on another solo project. The album, Chris Spedding, featured the hit singles “Motorbikin’” and “Guitar Jamboree,” the latter a wickedly fun pastiche of rock guitar that included brief tributes to such legends as Jeff Beck, Eric Clapton, David Gilmour, and Jimi Hendrix. Despite the best efforts of Most and Spedding, the pair were unable to match the commercial success of Chris Spedding on subsequent collaborations. Spedding employed producer Chris Thomas for his immediate follow-up effort, Hurt, which was released in 1977. Hurt featured Mr. Snips performing vocals on the song “Ain’t Superstitious.” Other standout tracks that became Spedding concert staples included “Get Outta My Pagoda” and “Silver Bullet.” Before Spedding shipped himself off to New York City for a prolonged stay that lasted through the better part of the 1980s, he became an advocate of the British punk movement. He befriended musician Chrissie Hynde and offered her financial support prior to her success as the front person for the Pretenders, and produced the Sex Pistols’ demonstration tapes. For years, rumors circulated that Spedding played guitar on the Sex Pistols’ sessions, which were eventually released in the 1990s. He told Contemporary Musi-

cians, however, that the rumors were untrue: “Why would I pick up a guitar when Steve Jones was a perfectly capable player?” Spedding also joined forces with the Vibrators, producing their debut album and performing on the hit single “Pogo Dancing.” The punk music purveyor also had a highly publicized career as a Womble, the Mike Batt-produced television children’s show starring a group of furry creatures who pick up trash in London parks. Batt also used Spedding as a guitarist on the studio sessions for his best-selling War of the Worlds musical project. In the late 1970s Spedding emigrated to the United States, eventually earning dual citizenship. In addition to continuing his career as a New York City session man, he joined rockabilly revivalist Robert Gordon’s band when former guitarist Link Wray resumed his solo career. The duo recorded several albums together and toured extensively before going their separate ways in the early 1980s. Spedding also formed the Necessaries with Ernie Brooks in 1980. He left the band before it recorded its first album, but not before touring with them as a support act for the Pretenders. Spedding later recorded the songs he wrote for the group on his solo album I’m Not Like Everybody Else. He contributed guitar to Paul McCartney’s Give My Regards to Broad Street album in 1983, as well as projects by Nina Hagen, the Who’s Roger Daltrey, and a Hal Wilnerproduced tribute to the songs of Kurt Weill that found Spedding supporting Marianne Faithful and Tom Waits. For the remainder of the 1980s Spedding supported Roy Harper, John Cale, Johnny Hallyday, Dick Rivers, Jerry Harrison, Tom Waits, and Robert Gordon on tours and recordings. In 1990 he formed a band with Henry Spinetti on drums and Keith Lentin on bass. The trio recorded Spedding’s next solo outing, Café Days, which contained many fine songs, although some critics and historians found Spedding’s vocals to be somewhat marred, ostensibly due to years of cocaine abuse. In 1994 he relocated to Los Angeles in order to distance himself from the drugs he was continuously exposed to in New York City. Later in the decade he moved back to England, where he recorded a series of albums revealing his growing affinity for American blues music. By 2001 his legendary reputation had earned him a spot in the touring lineup for the reformed Roxy Music. A world tour ensued, and Roxy lead singer Bryan Ferry subsequently used Spedding as his guitarist on a solo tour. In 2005 Spedding released Click Clack, an album of originals and covers. In 2006 Spedding re-teamed with Robert Gordon for a tour of Europe. The pair also recorded an album celebrating Elvis Presley. Made in Nashville with Presley’s vocal backing group the Jordanaires, It’s Now or Never was scheduled to release in August of 2007 to commemorate the thirtieth anniversary of Presley’s death. The duo also embarked on a limited tour of Europe and North America, employing the Detroit rhythm section of Todd Glass on drums and Phil “Greasy” Carlisi on

bass. “Working with Chris is always exciting and important,” Gordon told a writer for The Royal Oak Daily Tribune. “He has the ability to make the music more dynamic and more powerful. It’s great to record and tour with him again.”

Selected discography With Battered Ornaments A Meal You Can Shake Hands with in the Dark, Harvest, 1969. Mantle-Piece, Harvest, 1969. Pete Brown & His Battered Ornaments: A Meal You Can Shake Hands with in the Dark/The Battered Ornaments: Mantle-Piece (CD double reissue), BMG, 2000.

With Jack Bruce Songs for a Tailor, Atco, 1969. Harmony Row, Atco, 1971.

With Nucleus Elastic Rock, Vertigo, 1970. We’ll Talk about It Later, Vertigo, 1970.

With Sharks First Water, MCA, 1973. Jab It in Yore Eye, MCA, 1974. First Water/Jab It in Yore Eye (CD double reissue), Mau Mau, 1996. Like a Black Van Parked on a Dark Curve, Angel Air, 1998.

Solo Songs without Words, Harvest, 1970. Backwoods Progression, Harvest, 1971. The Only Lick I Know, Harvest, 1972. Chris Spedding, Rak, 1976. Hurt, Rak, 1977. Guitar Graffiti, Rak, 1979. Friday the 13th, M.I.L. Multimedia, 1981. I’m Not Like Everybody Else, Rak, 1981. Ready! Spedding! Go!, EMI, 1984. Enemy Within, New Rose, 1986. Café Days, Mobile Fidelity, 1990. Gesundheit: Live in Bremen, Geede, 2000. One Step Ahead of the Blues, Music Avenue, 2002. Guitar Jamboree, Music Avenue, 2005. Click Clack, SPV, 2005. Café Days Revisited, Paradise Media Partners, 2005.

With the Wombles Wombling Songs, CBS, 1973. Keep on Wombling, CBS, 1974. Remember You’re a Womble, Columbia, 1974. Super Wombling, CBS, 1975. Wombling Stories, BBC, 1976. Wombling Free, CBS, 1978.

Spedding • 155

With Roy Harper

Periodicals

HQ, Resurgent, 1975.

Melody Maker, October 2, 1976. Royal Oak Daily Tribune (Michigan), January 12, 2007. Sounds, September 20, 1975; April 17, 1976; October 1, 1977.

With Robert Gordon Rock Billy Boogie, RCA, 1979. Bad Boy, RCA, 1980. Too Fast to Live, Too Young to Die, RCA, 1982. Live at Lone Star, New Rose, 1989. Robert Gordon Is Red Hot, Bear Family, 1989. Greetings from New York City, New Rose, 1991. It’s Now or Never, Rykodisc, 2007.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (Jan. 18, 2007). Guitar Graffiti: Chris Spedding Official Website, http://www. chrisspedding.com, (Jan. 18, 2007).

Other

Sources Books Bright, Kimberly J., Chris Spedding: Reluctant Guitar Hero, iUniverse, 2006.


Additional information for this profile was obtained from telephone interviews conducted with Chris Spedding and Robert Gordon, January 5, 2007. —Bruce Walker

S

inger-songwriter Cat Stevens has gone through many changes during the course of his career. Beginning as a British teen idol in the late 1960s, he eventually rose to great heights of popular and critical acclaim as a folk artist in the 1970s. Then, while still enjoying a large following of music fans, Stevens converted to Islam and stopped putting out records to devote himself to his new religion. He took the name Yusuf Islam, and eventually rid himself of all vestiges of his secular career, giving away his guitars and the many gold records he had earned. For many years he operated a small hotel in London and recorded only Islamic-oriented materials when he recorded at all. Finally, under the name Yusuf, he returned to secular music with the album An Other Cup in late 2006.

Cat Stevens

Stevens was born Stephen Demetre Georgiou to Greek immigrant parents on July 21, 1948, in London, England. Interested in music from an early age, he preferred the stirring songs of his parents’ native country as a child, but in his adolescence became more attracted to the rock and roll music his friends enjoyed. By the time Stevens had graduated from secondary school and was attending the Hammersmith College of Art, he was also performing in small clubs in London. He had gathered a fairly large following, and eventually a professional manager became interested in the young man’s talent. Shortly afterwards, Stevens’s first demo tape garnered him a recording contract with Decca in England.

Singer, songwriter

Decca saw Stevens as a pop artist, and wanted him to record teen-oriented songs. Perhaps because of his youth, the singer-songwriter at first had no trouble complying. His first album, Matthew and Son, was released in 1967, and the title track became a British hit. More successes, including “I Love My Dog” and “The First Cut Is the Deepest,” followed, and he toured England, Belgium, and France. But Stevens became dissatisfied with his material and tried to get Decca to record some more mature tunes that he had written. When they refused, he grew more depressed about his career. He later told Mark F. Zeller in Rolling Stone that during this period, “in order to get onstage, I used to have to drink. To get drunk.” Stevens also neglected his health in other ways, and in late 1968 had to be hospitalized for three months with tuberculosis.

Dave Hogan/Getty Images

Different Kind of Sound By the time Stevens was well enough to leave the hospital, he had decided to drop out of the music scene for a while. He reemerged with a more mature, folkoriented style, his instrumentation was more spare, and his appearance drastically changed—the cleanshaven teen idol now had long hair and a bushy beard. The album he recorded in 1970, Mona Bone Jakon, received a great deal of critical acclaim and brought Stevens to the attention of music fans in the United States. The follow-up, 1970’s Tea for the Tillerman, Stevens • 157


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orn Stephen Demetre Georgiou on July 21, 1948, in London, England; changed name to Yusuf Islam,

mid-1970s; married; children: four daughters, one son. Education: Attended Hammersmith College of Art. Recording artist and concert performer, 1967– signed to Decca label; released debut album, Matthew and Son,

undertow, Stevens made a promise to serve God if his life was spared. He told Zeller: “Immediately, a wave came from behind and pushed me forward. All of a sudden, I was swimming back.” Then, shortly afterwards, his older brother gave him a copy of the Koran—the holy scriptures of the Islamic faith—to read. In 1977 Stevens went public with his conversion to Islam and his decision to stop recording secular music; however, A&M, his record company, had enough of his material stored up to release a final album, Back to Earth, in 1978.

1967; signed to A&M label; released Mona Bone Jakon album, 1970; publicly announced conversion to Islam,

A Changed Man

1977; dropped out of recording industry; released sev-

For many years Stevens, or Yusuf Islam, as he now preferred to be called, lived in London and operated a small hotel oriented toward Islamic travelers. He established a group of Muslim schools for children, married, and had five children of his own. It has been reported that his was an arranged marriage, but he has said on his website that he merely brought women to meet his mother and asked her for her opinion on the matter of choosing between them. He used his musical talents to write religious songs for his own children and those who attended his Islamiya Schools.

eral albums of primarily spoken didactic Islamic material, late 1990s and early 2000s; released An Other Cup, 2006. Awards: Man for Peace prize, Rome, Italy, 2003. Addresses: Record company—Atlantic Records, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019. Website— Yusuf Islam Official Website—http://www.yusufislam. com.

became his first gold album, and included the classics “Wild World,” “Father and Son,” and “Miles from Nowhere.” His popularity was further increased that year by a live radio concert in Los Angeles, California, which prompted Los Angeles Times critic Robert Hilburn to hail Stevens as “an exceptional singer and artist whose highly distinctive voice has the rare ability to combine the strength, fragility, and sometimes mystery of his highly personal compositions.”

Beginning in 1995 he began to release some of this material in album form, together with spoken religious lessons; 1995’s The Life of the Last Prophet was followed by Prayers of the Last Prophet in 1999, A Is for Allah in 2000, I Look, I See in 2003, and Night of Remembrance: Live at the Royal Albert Hall in 2004. The last-named of these, despite its nostalgicsounding title, was a performance of religious music that celebrated the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the Islamiya Schools.

Stevens’s success continued throughout the 1970s as he racked up gold album after gold album. Teaser and the Firecat (1971) contained three songs that are perhaps his most famous—“Moonshadow,” “Morning Has Broken,” and “Peace Train.” In 1972 Catch Bull at Four yielded the hit “Sitting”; 1974’s Buddah and the Chocolate Box brought forth “Oh, Very Young” and a remake of the Sam Cooke smash “Another Saturday Night.” But the latter album began a period of slight critical disfavor for Stevens—many reviewers felt his newer albums did not measure up to his earlier work. He was still supported by his fans, however, and his hits during the late 1970s included “Ready,” “Two Fine People,” and his last big-selling single, “Old School Yard.”

As Islamic militancy grew in the Middle East, Yusuf Islam found himself the subject of controversy. In 1984 he emphatically denied rumors that he was living in Iran as a follower of the late Ayatollah Khomeini and that he was studying to become an Ayatollah himself. But in 1989 he supported the late Ayatollah’s death threats against author Salman Rushdie, whom he considered to have demeaned the Islamic religion with his book The Satanic Verses. He unequivocally condemned the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and devoted many of his efforts to charitable work in predominantly Islamic Bosnia after civil war ended there. In 2004 he was refused admittance to the United States after his name showed up on a terrorism watch list; he later sued and won damages from two British newspapers who had asserted that the United States was correct in banning him. He donated the money to tsunami victims in South and Southeast Asia.

But as early as the mid-1970s, forces at work in Stevens’s personal life foreshadowed a drastic turnabout. According to Zeller, he nearly drowned while swimming at a California beach. Struggling against the

The big question seemed to be whether Yusuf Islam would ever again record and perform secular music. “I went through various attitudes toward my music,” he told Chris Willman of Entertainment Weekly in 2000.


“The first was almost nonchalance; I’d found something much more precious.” Later, conservative clerics counseled him to renounce his secular songs. “But after studying the issue, I found there’s no explicit statement in the Koran which tells you one way or the other about music. It does talk about the condition of man’s life, so you have to measure what music does to a person.” Fans talked to Islam about the positive effects Cat Stevens’s songs had had on their lives. The final result was the secular but still spiritual album An Other Cup, released in late 2006. The album was billed as a release by Yusuf, with no “Islam”—“because ‘Islam’ doesn’t have to be sloganized,” he explained to Nigel Williamson of Billboard. “The second name is like the official tag, but you call a friend by their first name. It’s more intimate, and to me that’s the message of this record.” To Williamson he further explained his aims: “Music can be healing, and with my history and my knowledge of both sides of what looks like a gigantic divide in the world, I feel I can point a way toward our common humanity again.” The album included Islam originals as well as a cover of the Animals’ “Don’t Let Me Be Misunderstood.” All Music Guide reviewer Thom Jurek pointed to the “holistic” themes of An Other Cup and praised the album as “a minor but pleasantly unexpected surprise.” “His voice is warm, rich, and inviting, his melodies are as irresistible as ever, and his way of relating [his] experience is direct,” Jurek wrote.

Catch Bull at Four, A&M, 1972. Foreigner, A&M, 1973. Buddah and the Chocolate Box, A&M, 1974. Numbers, A&M, 1975. Izitso, A&M, 1977. Back to Earth, A&M, 1978. (As Yusuf Islam) The Life of the Last Prophet, Resurgent, 1995. (As Yusuf Islam) Prayers of the Last Prophet, Resurgent, 1999. (As Yusuf Islam, contributor) I Have No Cannons That Roar, 2000. (As Yusuf Islam) A Is for Allah, Resurgent, 2000. (As Yusuf Islam) I Look, I See, Jamal, 2003. (As Yusuf Islam) Night of Remembrance: Live at the Royal Albert Hall, Mountain of Light, 2004. (As Yusuf) An Other Cup, Polydor/Atlantic, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, February 24, 1996, p. 43; December 11, 1999, p. 69; March 26, 2005, p. 39. Entertainment Weekly, June 9, 2000, p. 36. Newsweek, December 6, 2004, p. 8. New York Times, May 23, 1989; January 7, 2007. People, April 6, 1998, p. 152. U.S. News & World Report, October 4, 2004, p. 12.

Online

Selected discography Matthew and Son, Decca, 1967. New Masters, Decca. 1968. Mona Bone Jakon, A&M, 1970. Tea for the Tillerman, A&M, 1970. Teaser and the Firecat, A&M, 1971.

“Cat Stevens,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 1, 2007). Yusuf Islam Official Website, http://www.yusufislam.com (April 1, 2007). —Elizabeth Thomas and James M. Manheim

Stevens • 159

S

cott Storch, in the words of Lola Ogunnaike of the New York Times, “may be the most important hiphop producer you’ve never heard of.” Without a strongly identifiable personal musical style, he has gained less attention than other celebrated producers of the mid-2000s, such as Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis or the team known as the Neptunes (Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo). But he was one of the decade’s most consistent hitmakers, lending his talent to some 80 tracks a year as his career hit its stride around 2004. Storch’s production career has been notable for his musical versatility: he has worked effectively with artists ranging from mainstream pop vocalists to edgy gangster rappers. A prickly figure, he has feuded publicly with several of the artists he has worked with.

Scott Storch

Scott Spencer Storch was born on December 15 or 16, 1973. He is of Jewish background and at one point named his production company Tuff Jew Productions. Although various sources have asserted that he was a native of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, a city with a very small Jewish population, a New York Times profile reported his birthplace as Brooklyn, New York. Storch’s father was a court reporter, and his mother sang. He grew up in the Philadelphia area and in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, taking up the piano at age nine and almost immediately beginning to dream of a musical career, especially after a friend’s father paid him $200 for a short piano gig.

Producer, keyboard player

Alexander Tamargo/Getty Images

Whether it was pop composer George Gershwin or rappers 2 Live Crew, Storch was fascinated by what he heard. He sat at the keyboard and worked out the sounds of different kinds of music. “As a kid, I used to sit there and figure out how to play everybody’s song, and through learning all those songs I learned how to put chords together, and it evolved till I could say, ‘Hey, I just wrote that,’” he told Rolling Stone. Storch dropped out of high school in ninth grade—a decision that did not sit well with his parents, who threw him out of the house. As a teenager Storch struggled, working at Pizza Hut and doing construction work while looking for a way to break into the music business as a keyboardist.


The break came when he joined with some Philadelphia musicians to form a group called the Square Roots, later shortened to just the Roots. Storch played keyboards with the group, whose music fell into the hip-hop genre but was often marked by the use of live instruments instead of electronic devices such as sampling—a trait that would later mark Storch’s own hiphop production work. His discography began with the 1993 independent label Roots album Organix and continued with several other Roots releases of the 1990s as well as with session work on albums by other Philadelphia artists such as Schoolly D (Welcome to America, 1994) and G. Love & Special Sauce. Storch remained affiliated with the Roots over their exceptionally long hip-hop career, but he felt the need to strike out in new musical directions. “I wanted to work with all


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orn December 15 or 16, 1973; children: one son.

Performed with band the Roots, late 1990s; played keyboards on Dr. Dre’s “Still D.R.E.,” 2001; active as producer, 2001– produced tracks for various artists; founded production company, Tuff Jew Productions, and label, Storchavelli.

individual, in contrast to other producers who devised innovative beats and later matched them to artists and songs. “I like working with people directly,” he told Rolling Stone. “They go home, I make a beat. They come back the next night, and I’ve got a song together.” Another contributor to his success was his interest in various musical genres; he studied the musical systems of India and the Middle East and frequently experimented with unusual scales in the keyboard lines that marked many of his instrumental textures. The depth of Storch’s musical contributions frequently led to his being given songwriting credits, and he was named songwriter of the year at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards in 2005.

Awards: ASCAP Songwriter of the Year, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Storchavelli Records, c/o Aftermath/Interscope, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404.

kinds of music, and they had a very specific sound,” he told Ogunnaike. Storch also concluded, as he explained to Rolling Stone, that “the touring life wasn’t for me. I like to wake up in the same place most days. And I’m really into sitting behind a mixing console and listening to music all night and making music all night. I’m a studio rat.” The chance to make the leap from keyboardist to producer came about after Philadelphia-born rapper Eve introduced Storch to top-rank producer and rapper Dr. Dre, with the result that Storch played keyboards on the track “Still D.R.E.” from the 1999 Dr. Dre album 2001. Dre became Storch’s mentor, a role he had previously played in the career of another prominent hip-hop figure, Detroit rapper Eminem. With the proceeds from his work on the 2001 album, Storch bought a Ferrari. He became an avid collector of luxury automobiles, which he installed in a spectacular mansion in Miami, Florida’s waterfront Indian Creek Village neighborhood. “Dre opened the door for me, and just having my name mentioned next to his raised my stock,” Storch told Ogunnaike. “Doors that were once closed to me were swinging wide open.” In 2000 and 2001 Storchproduced tracks began showing up on albums by rappers such as Busta Rhymes (“Bladow!”), Nas, Snoop Dog, and Eminem’s group D12 (“Ain’t Nothin’ But Music”). Unlike most hip-hop producers, though, Storch’s talents were equally adaptable to melodybased pop and rock. The years 2001 and 2002 saw him helm tracks by metal band Limp Bizkit and alternative singer-songwriter Pink. His versatility was partly attributable to the way he treated each artist as an

His biggest coup outside of the pure hip-hop realm was Christina Aguilera’s highly sexualized Stripped album of 2002, for which he played a key role in setting a creative direction. But Aguilera became one of a number of music-industry figures disenchanted with Storch’s influence. Storch also feuded publicly with hip-hop producer Timbaland, who derided Storch as a “piano man” in his single “Give It to Me.” Other publicity came Storch’s way as a result of brief but high profile relationships with rapper Lil’ Kim (whose single “Lighters Up” he produced) and heiress Paris Hilton (whose 2006 debut, Paris, also bore his imprint). A son, Jalen, was born to Storch and girlfriend Dae Daniel Esquire in 2006. None of the feuds or publicity damaged Storch’s rising production career. A string of major hits flowed from his late-night Miami sessions, fueled by prodigious amounts of marijuana smoke. The 2003 Beyoncé hit “Baby Boy,” the summer of 2004’s anthemic “Lean Back,” by the Terror Squad featuring rapper Fat Joe, and 50 Cent’s extremely raunchy “Candy Shop” (for which Storch received a songwriter co-credit) of 2005 were all Storch productions. By that time he was reported to command fees of $80,000 per track and to be worth some $70 million. He owned a yacht worth millions of dollars and frequently left the house drenched in jewelry. Storch’s activities, often carried out under the aegis of his Tuff Jew Productions enterprise, did not slow down in 2006 and 2007. He continued to produce both hiphop and pop artists, with a new project being the launch of the career of Brooke Hogan, daughter of professional wrestler Hulk Hogan; Storch produced her Brooke release of 2006. Awards shows often passed Storch over in favor of producers with more individualistic styles, a fact that sometimes irked the producer. He was also, however, philosophical about his quiet hitmaking effectiveness. “For the past 13 years people have thought that I was the new guy because they don’t know who I am,” he told Ogunnaike. “If I can be the new guy for another ten years, then I’ll be all right.” Storch • 161

Selected discography As keyboardist Organix, The Roots, 1993. G. Love & Special Sauce, G. Love & Special Sauce, 1994. Welcome to America, Schoolly D, 1994. Do You Want More?!!!??!, The Roots, 1995. Illadelph Halflife, The Roots, 1996. Roots Come Alive, The Roots, 1999. 2001, Dr. Dre, 1999.

Alter Ego, Tyrese, 2006. Feedback, Jurassic 5, 2006. Hip Hop Is Dead, Nas, 2006. Me, Myself, and I, Fat Joe, 2006. Paris, Paris Hilton, 2006. Public Affair, Jessica Simpson, 2006. Undiscovered, Brooke, 2006. Neighborhood Rapstar, 2XL, 2007.

Sources

as Producer (with others) Periodicals Anarchy, Busta Rhymes, 2000. QB Finest, Nas, 2000. The Last Meal, Snoop Dogg, 2000. Devil’s Night, D12, 2001. Lay It Down, 8Ball, 2001. M!ssundaztood, Pink, 2001. New Old Songs, Limp Bizkit, 2001. Justified, Justin Timberlake, 2002. Stripped, Christina Aguilera, 2002. Phrenology, The Roots, 2002. Bella Mafia, Lil’ Kim, 2003. Dangerously in Love, Beyoncé, 2003. Kiss of Death, Jadakiss, 2004. Real Talk, Fabolos, 2004. Tipping Point, The Roots, 2004. Chris Brown, Chris Brown, 2005. Cookbook, Missy Elliot, 2005. Day After, Twista, 2005. Documentary, The Game, 2005. Massacre, 50 Cent, 2005. Sound of Revenge, Chamillionaire, 2005.


New York Post, July 2, 2006, p. 13. New York Times, January 16, 2006, p. E1.

Online “Scott Storch,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 8, 2007). “Scott Storch,” AskMen.com, http://www.askmen.com/men/ entertainment_200/240_scott_storch.html (April 8, 2007). “Scott Storch Named Songwriter of the Year at the 22nd Annual ASCAP Pop Music Awards,” ASCAP, http://www. ascap.com/press/2005/popawards_051605.html (April 8, 2007). “Scott Storch’s Outrageous Fortune,” Rolling Stone, http:// www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10699242/scott_ storchs_outrageous_fortune (April 8, 2007). —James M. Manheim

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ospel/R&B singer Ruben Studdard first came to the public’s attention when he became the winner of the talent contest show American Idol during its second season. His vocal style has been compared to the velvety sound of Luther Vandross. “I Wanted to Be an Opera Singer”

Ruben Studdard

Studdard, the son of two teachers, was born in Frankfurt, Germany, while his father was stationed there with the U.S. Army. However, he grew up in Birmingham, Alabama, and sang from an early age. At the age of three he sang for the congregation of the Rising Star Baptist Church in Birmingham. As he grew older he continued to sing in church, and performed solos for the choir in which his mother sang. Studdard told Michael A. Lipton in People, “Growing up, I wanted to be an opera singer.” He attended Huffman High School, where he played football and won a football scholarship to Alabama A&M University. While at college he majored in voice studies, and graduated in 2000. Studdard sang with the local group Just a Few Cats, a Birmingham jazz and R&B band, and a backup singer for the band invited him to come with her to the auditions for American Idol ’s second season in 2003.

Singer

For his audition Studdard sang a Stevie Wonder song, “Ribbon in the Sky.” He became a local finalist and was invited to compete on the show. On the show he sang “Superstar,” and was widely praised, earning the nickname “The Velvet Teddy Bear,” given him by fans for his smooth voice and rotund physique. He won the title, beating runner-up Clay Aiken by 134,000 votes. He and Aiken became friends while performing on the show, despite the competition between them, and have remained friends to this day.

Nancy Ostertag/Getty Images

In June of 2003 Studdard released a single, “Flying Without Wings.” It debuted at number two on the Billboard Hot 100. His debut album, Soulful, sold over one million advance copies before it even hit the stores, and it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 album chart. In 2004 Studdard received the NAACP Outstanding New Artist Award. Also in 2004, Studdard released his second album, I Need an Angel, a collection of gospel songs. It hit the gospel charts at the number one spot, sold over 96,000 copies in its first week, and debuted at number 20 on the Billboard 200 chart. Studdard’s success was tempered by personal and financial disappointment. In March of 2005 he filed suit against his business advisor and godfather, Ronald Edwards, alleging that Edwards had used Studdard’s credit cards to run up a $156,000 bill and had taken $90,000 from Studdard’s checking account. Although

Studdard • 163


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orn Christopher Ruben Studdard on September 12, 1978, in Frankfurt, Germany, to American

parents. Education: Alabama A&M University (voice studies), 2000. Awards: Winner, American Idol television talent contest, 2003; NAACP Outstanding New Artist Award, 2004. Addresses: Record company—J Records, 745 5th Ave., New York, NY 10151.

Studdard had sold over 2.2 million records, he alleged that Edwards had damaged his credit to such an extent that he could not purchase a home. Edwards filed a countersuit, but Studdard won the case and in June of 2006 was awarded $500,000 for personal losses and $1.5 million in punitive damages. Studdard told Scotty Ballard in Jet that the theft and the ensuing lawsuit were difficult “because he was a very close family friend. I’ve known him my whole life.” However, he noted that he was glad he had found out about the theft early in his career so he could learn from it, recover, and move on. “I’m Done with Meat for Now” Studdard, who has always been large and who had gained over 100 pounds since American Idol, had reached a peak weight of 455 pounds. In 2006 he embarked on a program of vegetarian eating and exercise in order to lose weight and improve his health. His brother, who was also heavy, had experienced some health problems, and his family had a history of high blood pressure, heart problems, and diabetes. The two brothers decided to lose weight together, and Studdard lost over 70 pounds. He told Ballard, “I’m done with meat for now. I plan on sticking with it for as long as I can.” Instead of meat, he began eating stirfried vegetables, tofu, and soy milk. In an interview in People he jokingly told Michelle Tan, “The people at the vegetarian store in Birmingham are like, ‘What’s he doing in here?.’” He told Tan that his ultimate goal was to reach a weight of about 250 and build more muscle. Studdard released The Return in 2006. It had more of an R&B sound than his previous album, and although it opened at number eight on the Billboard 200, its


sales did not hold up after that. Studdard told Ballard that the album reflected “the growth I’ve been through as a person—and as a singer. I’ve had a lot of personal tests during this past year and I’ve learned some great life lessons.” Studdard has appeared as a guest on several television shows, including 8 Simple Rules, Life on a Stick, All of Us, and Eve. He also made a cameo appearance in the film Scooby Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed and appeared in a television commercial for Sierra Kids. In 2007 Studdard became a spokesperson for Scale Back America, an eight-week weight loss campaign, and asked 25 percent of Alabama residents who were obese to lose ten pounds in eight weeks–a total of ten million pounds. The event was sponsored by Alabama hospitals, the Alabama Department of Public Health, and Barber Diaries. Studdard has also started his own foundation, the Studdard Foundation for the Advancement of Children in Music Arts, which provides scholarships, after-school programs, and summer camps for music students. His mother, Emily, told Ballard, “It’s something that he had dreamed to do to help keep other kids out of trouble.” He has also worked with Magic Moments, an organization that fulfills the wishes of children with serious medical conditions. According to Ballard, Studdard said, “Anytime I’m able to bring some joy into a young person’s life, I’m glad to do it.”

Selected discography Flying Without Wings (single), 2003. Soulful, J Records, 2003. I Need an Angel, J Records, 2004. The Return, J Records, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Jet, July 3, 2006, p. 59; October 23, 2006, p. 54; January 8, 2007, p. 38. People, December 22, 2003, p. 63; October 23, 2006, p. 87.

Online Ruben Studdard Foundation Web Site, http://www. rubenstuddardfoundation.org/ (February 19, 2007). “Ruben Studdard,” Internet Movie Data Base, http://www. imdb.com/name/nm/1335861/ (February 19, 2007). Ruben Studdard Official Website, http://www.rubenstuddard. com/ (February 19, 2007). —Kelly Winters

“I ain’t settlin’ for anything less than everything,” ran a line in the 2006 hit “Settlin’,” by country vocal duo Sugarland. The line could serve as a motto for the fast-rising Atlanta-based act, which scored unusual success with its 2004 debut album, Twice the Speed of Life. The powerful vocals of lead singer Jennifer Nettles, together with consistently strong songs and a determination to cross the boundary between country and rock music, made Sugarland into one of the most talked-about groups in country music during the early 2000s.

Sugarland

Sugarland started out in 2001 as an Atlanta-area trio, with singer-songwriters Kristian Bush and Kristen Hall joining Nettles. All were well known to observers who followed the music scene in the southeast United States. Their backgrounds were dramatically different. Nettles was raised in Douglas, in south Georgia’s Coffee County, where she soaked up the musical environment at the local Southern Baptist church. Bush, though born in Tennessee, attended prep school in Connecticut, at Avon Old Farms School. His musical interests there was centered on alternative rock music. “We [Bush’s brother attended the nearby Choate School] cut our musical chops sneaking out to the New Haven Coliseum to see R.E.M. shows,” he told Patrick Ferrucci of Connecticut’s New Haven Register. His ties with the Atlanta area began when he attended Emory University there. Hall, who grew up in suburban Detroit, had aspirations of becoming a folk singer-songwriter. Her music industry breakthrough came when she helped out on an early EP album by the folk-rock duo the Indigo Girls and wound up with a co-producer credit, “basically for making coffee,” she told Karman Kregloe of the AfterEllen.com website.

Country music duo

AP Images

All three had some success in the 1990s, but none broke through to national recognition. Nettles had regular gigs in Atlanta-area clubs as the frontwoman for her own Jennifer Nettles Band and of a group called Soul Miner’s Daughter; she sang gospel, rock, and soul music in addition to country, and in the late 1990s she appeared on some dates of the female-oriented Lilith Fair tour. Bush was a member of folk-rock duo Billy Pilgrim (sometimes dubbed the Indigo Boys), which recorded two albums for the Atlantic label before being dropped. Hall toured the folk circuit and recorded as a solo artist for the Windham Hill label and for Indigo Girl Amy Ray’s Daemon imprint. By the early 2000s all three artists were looking for the creative spark that could take them to the next level. “I traveled around as ‘Kristen Hall’ singing these dingy songs about having my heart broken or being pissed off at my parents or whatever it was, and finally it got to where I was like, ‘Oh my God, I can’t do this anymore,’” Hall recalled to Kregloe. In or around 2001, Hall began contacting other Atlantaarea musicians in the hopes of finding a fruitful collaboration. She worked briefly with both Bush and Nettles separately, but nothing really clicked creatively Sugarland • 165


M

embers include: Kristian Bush, multiple instru-

ments and vocals; Jennifer Nettles, vocals;

Kristen Hall, vocals (left group, 2006). Formed 2001 in area of Atlanta, GA; signed to Mercury label, 2003; released debut album, Twice the Speed of Life, 2004; performed on Grammy awards show, released Enjoy the Ride, 2006. Awards: American Music Awards, favorite new artist; Academy of Country Music Awards, top new duo/vocal group; Grammy award nomination, best new artist; five Academy of Country Music award nominations. Addresses: Record company—Mercury Records Nashville, 54 Music Sq. E, Ste. 300, Nashville, TN 372034386. Website—Official Sugarland Website: http:// www.sugarlandmusic.com.

until they came together as a trio. Among the first songs they worked out together was “Baby Girl,” to which all three made compositional contributions; a country song in a classic success-story mode, it became one of the major hits spawned by their Twice the Speed of Life album. The new group, soon named Sugarland, began drawing large crowds around Atlanta and beyond. They marketed a self-issued CD, Premium Quality Tunes, on their website. In 2003 Devin Grant of the Charleston, South Carolina Post and Courier suggested that Sugarland “will no doubt soon attract major label interest,” and urged local fans to see the trio “before they go on to inevitable stardom.” The prophecy came true when Sugarland appeared that year at an industry event attended by Mercury Nashville president Luke Lewis, who signed them immediately. “And I don’t pat myself on the back, because I think any of my peers, if they had been there that night when they did a showcase in Nashville, would have seen the talent,” Lewis mused to Nick Marino of the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Sugarland went into the studio with veteran producer Garth Fundis and emerged in October of 2004 with Twice the Speed of Life. Radio programmers took to the group’s upbeat, rock-inflected sound, airing no fewer than five singles from the album over the next 18 months: “Baby Girl,” “Something More,” “Just Might (Make Me Believe),” “Down In Mississippi (Up To No Good),” and “Stand Back Up.” The first two narrowly missed the top spot on Billboard magazine’s country singles chart,


peaking at number two. The Jake’s Ice Cream chain named a flavor Sugarland Swirl after the group. Sugarland, because of the rock and folk influences brought by its various members, was sometimes held up as an example of how far country music had diverged from its rural roots, but to Bush the diversity of sounds was a strength rather than a weakness. “Crossover, I think, is a really dirty word in Nashville,” he observed to Walter Tunis of Kentucky’s Lexington Herald-Leader. “But we’re from Atlanta, where everything is crossover. Somewhere between R.E.M., the Allman Brothers, and OutKast is where we live.” Sales of over two million copies for Twice the Speed of Life vindicated the trio’s judgment, as they toured with country headliner Kenny Chesney and took home a Grammy Award for Best New Artist and a host of Academy of Country Music award nominations. The crossover trend continued as Nettles appeared in a duet with veteran rocker Jon Bon Jovi, “Who Says You Can’t Go Home,” which appeared in early 2006 and reached high chart levels in both the rock and country markets. The level of success Sugarland achieved came at a price: the more songwriting-oriented Hall tired of the group’s constant touring (they were scheduled to be on the road nearly constantly in 2007) and left the group in 2006. There was speculation that Hall’s status as an open lesbian, rare in the country music industry, was connected with her departure, but Hall herself told Marino, “I don’t want to be a touring musician. I just want to be a songwriter. ѧ We accomplished some great things. I started the band. I named the band. We fought a war to make a brand name—we did it. It’s awesome. I’m totally proud of it and support it.” Hall’s departure did not radically alter Sugarland’s sound, for that sound had always been squarely focused on the voice of Nettles, a rich, throaty contralto in a classic church-trained Southern mode. Nettles and Bush, working mostly with other songwriters, extended the rock influence in the Sugarland sound on their second album, Enjoy the Ride. The producer was Byron Gallimore, noted for his work with Faith Hill, a singer somewhat similar to Nettles stylistically. The album appeared in late 2006, and Jody Rosen of Entertainment Weekly noted that Nettles’s “powerhouse performances on ballads like “Want To” will strike fear in the heart of many a Nashville diva.” With “Want To” and the inspirational “Settlin’” as its lead singles, Enjoy the Ride climbed the charts in early 2007 and gave its duo creators another ride on the roller coaster of country music success.

Selected discography Premium Quality Tunes, independently released, 2003. Twice the Speed of Life, Mercury, 2004. Enjoy the Ride, Mercury, 2006.

Sources

Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), April 7, 2006, p. F4.

Periodicals

Online

Atlanta Journal-Constitution, October 24, 2004, p. L1; November 5, 2006, p. K1. Entertainment Weekly, November 10, 2006, p. 80. Houston Chronicle, March 13, 2007, p. 5. Lexington Herald-Leader (Kentucky), March 29, 2006. New Haven Register, February 1, 2007. Philadelphia Inquirer, November 14, 2006. Plain Dealer (Cleveland, OH), December 34, 2005, p. E1. Post and Courier (Charleston, SC), July 10, 2003, p. F4. Roanoke Times, January 31, 2007, p. 1.

“Bio,” Sugarland Official Website, http://www. sugarlandmusic.com (April 10. 2007). “Kristen Hall Exits Sugarland,” Country Music Television, http://www.cmt.com (April 10, 2007). “Kristen Hall’s Sweet Success,” AfterEllen, http://www. afterellen.com/archive/ellen/Music/2005/8/kristenhall.html (April 10, 2007). —James M. Manheim

Sugarland • 167

V

James Taylor

eteran performer James Taylor ushered in the singer/songwriter movement in the early 1970s and refined his style over the course of three decades, all the while maintaining the distinct musical craftsmanship that had led to his early success. Taylor appeared on the cover of Time in 1971 and was touted by the magazine as the originator of the singer/songwriter era. In 1997, 26 years later, Bob Kurson of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote of a live Taylor performance, “Even the most militant atheist ѧ would have sworn that James Taylor’s voice was a gift from God. ѧ Taylor’s voice resonates with a thousand personalities.” Kurson wrote of Taylor’s guitar playing, “There are guitarists— terrific guitarists—who would gleefully trade their firstborns to play an acoustic like Taylor.” Blessed with a loyal fan base, Taylor’s albums have routinely reached gold and platinum status. Overcame Drugs and Depression

Singer, songwriter, guitar player

Taylor was born James Vernon Taylor on March 12, 1948, in Boston, Massachusetts, as one of five children born to Dr. Isaac and Gertrude Taylor. His siblings included brothers Alex, Livingston, and Hugh, and sister Kate Taylor, all of whom would eventually become

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B

orn James Vernon Taylor on March 12, 1948, in Boston, MA, son of Dr. Isaac (university dean) and Gertrude Taylor; married Carly Simon (a singer), 1972 (divorced, 1982); married Kathryn Walker, 1985, (divorced, 1996); married Kim Smedvig (a Boston Symphony executive), 2001; children: Ben and Sally (with Simon), Henry and Rufus (with Smedvig). Studied cello as a child; took up the guitar at age 12; played folk songs at local venues on Martha’s Vineyard with close friend Danny “Kootch” Kortchmar as a teen; joined band The Fabulous Corsairs with his brother Alex and Jerry Burnham; moved to New York City; formed band The Flying Machine with Kortchmar and O’Brien; released demo material as James Taylor and the Original Flying Machine, 1971; first outside artist signed to Apple Records; released James Taylorin U.K., 1968, and U.S, 1969; releasedSweet Baby James, 1970; released single “Fire & Rain,” 1970; featured on cover of Time, 1971; released single “Don’t Let Me Be Lonely,” 1972; with Carly Simon, released duet “Mockingbird,” 1974; released Gorillaand “How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You),” 1975; has appeared on numerous network television programs, including Saturday Night Live, The Tonight Show, Late Night with David Letterman, The Rosie O’Donnell Show, The Today Show, The Early Show, and the 1997 special James Taylor Live. Awards: Grammy Awards: Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “You’ve Got A Friend,” 1972; Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “Handy Man,” 1978; Best Children’s Recording, for In Harmony Sesame Street, 1981; Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for Hourglass, 1997; Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “Don’t Let Me Be Lonely Tonight,” 2001; (with Alison Krause) Best Country Collaboration with Vocals, for “How’s the World Treating You,” 2004; Lifetime Achievement Award at 1998 Billboard Music Awards; inducted into the Rock‘n’Roll Hall of Fame, 2000; inducted into Songwriters Hall of Fame, 2000; named MusiCares Person of the Year, 2005. Addresses: Record company-Columbia/Sony, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022 Official label website - http://www.sonybmgmusic.com. Website—Official artist website: http://www.jamestaylor.com.

recording artists in their own right. Three years after he was born, the family moved to Chapel Hill, North Carolina, where his father had accepted a position as Dean of the University of North Carolina/Chapel Hill Medical School. Starting at the age of five Taylor attended Milton Academy, a prep school located outside of Boston. By the time Taylor was eight, he had already studied cello and had expressed a desire to play guitar. His parents gave him a guitar in 1960, and by 1963—at the age of 15—he was playing folk songs at local venues on Martha’s Vineyard with close friend Danny “Kootch” Kortchmar. He dropped out of Milton Academy during his junior year, and joined a band called The Fabulous Corsairs with his brother Alex and Zach Weisner. Weisner was replaced a few months later with Jerry Burnham. In 1965, at the age of 17, Taylor moved to New York City and soon afterwards, admitted himself for ten months to the McLean Psychiatric Hospital in Massachusetts to be treated for depression. His song “Knocking Round the Zoo” was inspired by his stay there. In 1966 Taylor graduated from high school while still at the McLean Psychiatric Hospital, and then joined Kortchmar and O’Brien to form The Flying Machine. Although they created studio recordings at the time, their material was not released until 1971 under the name James Taylor and the Original Flying Machine. The band stayed together for only one year. Taylor began using heroin in 1968. He moved to London, recorded demos, and was introduced to Paul McCartney by producer Peter Asher. Taylor became the first outside artist signed to the Beatles’ record label, Apple Records. However, his debut disc, James Taylor, was released in England with little success. Subsequently Taylor returned to the United States and admitted himself into the Austin Riggs psychiatric hospital in Maryland, where he was treated for heroin addiction and depression. A year later in 1969, James Taylor was released in America. Taylor was signed to Warner Brothers Records and moved to California with Asher. The role of the former Peter & Gordon singer should not be overlooked. Asher—who also produced such acts as Cher, Linda Rondstadt, Diana Ross, and Randy Newman—knew how to frame Taylor’s voice with sparse arrangements so the singer’s warm, expressive vocals were never overshadowed. As a result, Taylor’s early work still sounds as fresh and intimate as it did when it was first recorded. When Sweet Baby James was released in 1970 it rose to number one on the charts and became a bestseller for two years. The popular single “Fire & Rain” was released in 1970 as well, and Sweet Baby James was soon certified as platinum. Taylor performed with Joni Mitchell on a BBC radio show in 1970, and his career was permanently launched.

Taylor • 169

Singer/Songwriter Era Taylor was featured on the cover of Time magazine in 1971 as the originator of the burgeoning singer/ songwriter movement. His popularity was such that the demos he cut with his former band were compiled and rush-released as James Taylor and the Original Flying Machine. The hit single “You’ve Got A Friend” was released in 1971, and Taylor toured 27 cities with his band, which included Carole King and Kootch’s band, Jo Mama. Taylor won a Grammy Award in 1972 for “You’ve Got A Friend.” The song also garnered a Grammy for Carole King for Song of the Year. Taylor released the single “Don’t Let Me Be Lonely” in 1972. That same year he married singer Carly Simon, with whom he had a son, Ben, and a daughter, Sally. Taylor and Simon released a duet remake of Inez and Charles Foxx’s 1963 hit “Mockingbird” in 1974, which was featured on Simon’s Hotcakes album and became a million seller. Turning increasingly towards the Adult Contemporary sound, Taylor released Gorilla and scored a smash hit in 1975 with his soothing rendition of Marvin Gaye’s 1965 hit “How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You).” That year he played at Carnegie Hall with King and David Crosby. He released the single “Shower The People” in 1976 and toured with saxophonist David Sanborn. Later that year the platinum selling James Taylor’s Greatest Hits was released, followed by James Taylor a year later, also reaching platinum status. In 1978 he received a Grammy Award for his tasteful remake of Jimmy Jones’s 1960 hit “Handy Man,” while Peter Asher won a Grammy for Producer of the Year for his work with Taylor. Taylor won another Grammy in 1981 for Best Children’s Recording for In Harmony Sesame Street. In 1982 Taylor performed for more than a million fans in New York City’s Central Park as part of a nuclear disarmament rally, which also included performances by Bruce Springsteen, Jackson Browne, Joan Baez, and Linda Ronstadt. The concert was aired nationally on radio and filmed for In Our Own Hands. Taylor and Simon divorced in 1982. Taylor’s 1981 release, Dad Loves His Work, was later viewed as a response to an ultimatum delivered by Simon over the amount of time Taylor spent touring. Three years later he married Kathryn Walker at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City. They divorced in 1996. Taylor performed in 1985 at the first rock festival held in Moscow, highlights of which were shown on the Showtime cable network. Further Success and Personal Losses Taylor’s 1969 Apple debut was reissued in 1991 by EMI Records, followed by James Taylor Live in 1993, which sold more than a million copies. James Taylor Best Live was released in 1994, and a year later he received an honorary doctorate of music from the Berklee College of Music in Boston, where he delivered the college’s


commencement speech. The year 1996 was a turbulent one for Taylor: he and Walker divorced, his father died at the age of 75, and producer and band member Don Grolnick died of cancer. Taylor’s 1997 release, Hourglass, reflected his losses and an acute awareness of the brevity of life. It opened and peaked at number nine on the Billboard charts, with more than 70,000 copies sold in the first week of its release. Taylor performed at the VH1 Honors benefit concert in Los Angeles, and performed on the A&E network’s Live By Request show. An Icon of Soft Rock Taylor has collaborated with a diverse group of musicians throughout his long career, including his ex-wife Simon, King, Mitchell, Karla Bonoff, Steve Winwood, Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel, sister Kate Taylor, Linda Ronstadt, George Jones, Brazilian musician Milton Nascimento, Neil Young, Crosby and Graham Nash, Ricky Skaggs, Jimmy Buffett, and the Roches and John Hall of Hall & Oates. Meanwhile,Taylor’s grown children Ben and Sarah began professional music careers of their own, recording for the independent Iris and Blue Elbow labels respectively, and the two have occasionally traded background musical contributions with their illustrious parents. Still a soft rock icon, Taylor’s voice and style has remained intact and he still communicates with integrity and personal ease. His Academy Award-nominated version of Randy Newman’s “Our Town,” in the 2006 animated feature film Cars, rings with compassion and poignancy. With the exception of 2002’s October Road, Taylor’s later recordings have featured less original songwriting and more interpretations of other people’s songs. Far from feeling creatively stifled, however, Taylor has seemed happy, especially in his third marriage to Boston Symphony executive Kim Smedvig; they have twin boys, Henry and Rufus, born to them through a surrogate mother. When not touring, the singer delights in his second time around as a father. “It’s always the most compelling thing and it draws your focus right to the center of the culture, even at a time when you would think to be choosing your own path,” he told SFGate.Com. “You are dragged kicking and screaming right into the minivan center. It really reattaches you to life in a way nothing else can.”

Selected discography Singles “Fire And Rain,” Warner, 1970. “Country Road,” Warner, 1971. “You’ve Got a Friend,” Warner, 1971. “Long Ago and Far Away,” Warner, 1971. “Don’t Let Me Be Lonely Tonight,” Warner, 1972. (With Carly Simon) “Mockingbird,” Elektra, 1974. “How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You),” Warner, 1975.

Live at the Beacon Theatre, Sony, 1998. Pull Over, Sony, 2002. A MusiCares Person of the Year Tribute [live], Rhino, 2006. James Taylor at Christmas, Columbia/Sony Records, 2006.

“Mexico,” Warner, 1975. “Shower the People,” Warner 1976. “Handy Man,” Columbia, 1977. “Your Smiling Face,” Columbia, 1977. (With Paul Simon and Art Garfunkle) “(What a) Wonderful World,” Columbia, 1978. (With Carly Simon) “Devoted to You,” Elektra, 1978. “Up On The Roof,” Columbia, 1979. (With J.D. Souther) “Her Town Too,” Columbia, 1981. “Everyday,” Columbia, 1985. “Only One,” Columbia, 1986. “That’s Why I’m Here,” Columbia, 1986. “Time With You,” Columbia, 1997. “On the 4th of July,” Columbia, 2002. “Whenever You’re Ready,” Columbia, 2002. “September Grass,” Columbia, 2003.

Rees, Dafydd, and Luke Crampton, Vh-1 Music First—Rock Stars Encyclopedia, Dorling Kindersley Ltd., 1999. White, Timothy, Long Ago and Far Away—James Taylor: His Life and His Times, Omnibus Press, 2001.

Albums

Periodicals

James Taylor, Apple Records, 1968; reissued, EMI Records, 1991. Sweet Baby James, Warner Brothers Records, 1970. James Taylor and the Original Flying Machine, Euphoria Records, 1971; reissued, Gadfly Records, 1996. Mud Slide Slim & The Blue Horizon, Warner Brothers, 1971. One Man Dog, Warner Brothers, 1972. Walking Man, Warner Brothers, 1974. Gorilla, Warner Brothers, 1975. In The Pocket, Warner Brothers, 1976. Greatest Hits, Warner Brothers, 1976. James Taylor, CBS Records, 1977. Flag, CBS Records, 1979. Dad Loves His Work, CBS Records, 1981. That’s Why I’m Here, CBS Records, 1985. Never Die Young, CBS Records, 1988. New Moon Shine, Columbia Records, 1991. James Taylor Live, Columbia Records, 1991. James Taylor Best Live, Columbia Records, 1994. Hourglass, Columbia/Sony Records, 1997. Live at the Beacon Theatre, Columbia/Sony Records, 1998. Greatest Hits, Volume 2, Columbia/Sony Records, 2000. October Road, Columbia/Sony Records, 2002. Everyday, Columbia/Legacy, 2003. The Collection [box set], Columbia/Sony Records, 2004. A Christmas Album, Hallmark, 2004. James Taylor at Christmas, Columbia/Sony Records, 2006.

Acoustic Guitar, July/August 1992. Boston Herald, June 4, 1998. Chicago Sun-Times, July 5, 1997. Chicago Tribune, July 5, 1997. Frets, December 1987. Guitar Extra, Spring 1992. Guitar Player, May 1984. Life, October 1985. Musician, April 1988. New York Times, February 3, 1988; April 8, 1981. New York Times Magazine, February 21, 1971. Newsweek, November 4, 1985. Parade, July 12, 1981. People, August 24, 1981; October 6, 1980. Rolling Stone, December 10, 1981; June 11, 1981; July 10, 1980; September 6, 1979; February 18, 1971. Saturday Review, September 12, 1970. Stereo Review, January 1978. Time, October 23, 1985; March 1, 1971.

Video/DVD In Concert Live, Sony, 1991. Squibnocket, Sony Video, 1993; reissued, 2006.

Sources Books

Online “James Taylor,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com. (March 3, 2007). “James Taylor,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com, (March 3, 2007). “Life Stays Sweet for James Taylor,” SFGate.com, http:// www.sfgate.com (February 11, 2007). —B. Kimberly Taylor and Ken Burke

Taylor • 171

B

Tenacious D Rock group

y their own admission, Tenacious D is part legitimate band and part inspired put-on. The duo, comprised of Jack Black and Kyle Gass, started out in comedy clubs, taking up where Spinal Tap left off, parodying the musical excesses of the hard rock generation of the 1970s and 1980s. However, where Spinal Tap satirized the English side of metal, Tenacious D has instead focused on the pretensions of the genre’s post-college slacker fans. Their humor derives from the seriousness with which the duo take their self-created mythology: two chubby nobodies become the greatest rock band in the world. They’re not, of course, but their attempts and misfires provide laughs aplenty for their legions of fans. Lyrically, the duo sends up every hackneyed allusion and half-baked poetic image that groups such as Black Sabbath and Judas Priest have mustered. Moreover, they behave as if they have invested every ounce of their personal beliefs into each contrivance and stage antic. The never-say-die characters Black and Gass portray are self-deluded losers, but make no mistake: It takes genuine talent to simultaneously mock and glorify this genre. Fortunately for rock-comedy fans, the duo possess talent in spades. Often viewed as a junior league John Belushi, Black’s intense yet polished vocal

Frazer Harrison/AMA/Getty Images



M

embers include: Jack Black (born Thomas J.

Black on August 28, 1969, in Hermosa Beach,

CA; married Tanya Hayden, 2006; children: Samuel), lead vocals, rhythm guitar; Kyle Richard Gass (born July 14, 1960, in Walnut Creek, CA), lead guitar, harmony vocals. Formed group in 1993; recorded sporadically for Epic Records, 2001-06; appeared on HBO’s sketch comedy

‘Who is this kid? What is he doing?’” According to Gass, the two wrote a song the very first time they got together. Moreover, he taught Black how to play guitar so they could jam. Gass, whose father was a fireman and mother a dental hygienist, was raised in the San Francisco suburb of Walnut Creek. A classical guitar prodigy, at the age of 13 he became the youngest-ever graduate from New York’s Juilliard School of Music. As an actor in his own right, his first major break came via an appearance in a commercial for 7-UP. Blessed with a quick improvisational wit, Gass had been in Robbins’s Actor’s Gang program for years by the time Black joined the troupe.

Mr. Show With Bob and David, 1996; starred in their own HBO three-episode series Tenacious D, 1999; as a duo appeared on Saturday Night Live, The Jimmy Kimmel Show, The MTV Music Awards, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, and the 2006 American Music Awards; starred in the movie Tenacious D: The Pick of Destiny, 2006; worldwide tour, 2006-07. Addresses: Record company—Epic Records, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022-3211, website: http:// www.sonybmgmusic.com. Website—Official artist website: http://www.tenaciousd.com.

histrionics and improvisational ability bring a zany intensity to his mock-rock anthems. The rotund and bald Gass’s work on guitar, mostly acoustic, blends supple melodies with hard-driving power chords that any hard rock band would be proud to feature. Together they achieve a tight harmonic blend which allows them to flesh out their acoustic sound with rather pleasing results. Met Through Tim Robbins Raised in the Hermosa Beach section of Los Angeles, Jack Black was the child of two “rocket scientists.” Indeed, his mother worked on the Hubble Telescope project. Black began acting in television commercials as a teenager and made his film debut in a 1987 management training film titled Manager of the Year— Effective Listening. Black met Kyle Gass on the campus of UCLA while working with actor Tim Robbins’s Actor’s Gang, an experimental political theater group. Kyle Gass recalled the circumstances for the magazine Death + Taxes: “He was kind of like the new guy— apprentice—whatever. So he was in a show and he had these crazy musical things going on—he didn’t play an instrument, but he sang and then did these multi-track tapes on a TEAC. They were great! And I was the music guy for the Actor’s Gang. So, I was like,

Played in Between Film Gigs Christening themselves Tenacious D, the duo honed their rock-comedy chops in Los Angeles nightspots, but it was acting that paid the bills for both. In 1992 Black supplied harmony vocals for the songs in Robbins’s film Bob Roberts, and took on a variety of supporting roles in such films as Cradle Will Rock, The Cable Guy, and Jesus’ Son. Black’s breakthrough role came in 2000’s High Fidelity, in which he portrayed a character much like his Tenacious D persona, an opinionated, self-delusional rock trivia geek who, surprisingly, can actually sing. The breakout star of the movie, Black went on to star in such mainstream comedy films as Shallow Hal, School of Rock, and Nacho Libre. Once an established star, he also took on a straight dramatic role in the 2005 remake of King Kong. Gass has also appeared in numerous, though decidedly smaller, acting roles on television and in films with Black, and as a solo supporting player. The portly deadpan comic is at his improvisational best as the narcoleptic disc jockey in the director’s cut of Almost Famous. When he’s not filming or working with Black, Gass plays bass for an L.A.-based southern rock band called Trainwreck. Yet it is the connection with Tenacious D for which he is most recognized today. During the late 1990s the two received serious notice as a semi-regular feature of HBO’s avant-garde comedy series Mr. Show with Bob and David, starring Bob Odenkirk and David Cross. HBO subsequently hired the duo to star in the six-episode sitcom about the band’s trials and travails as an open mike act. Compiled on the 2003 disc Tenacious D: The Complete Masterworks, the series crackled with a mixture of ironic satire and slob humor, and featured some of the duo’s best early numbers, such as “Explosivo,” “Kielbasa,” and “Tribute,” as well as “Dio,” their homage to Black Sabbath’s Ronnie James Dio. Their TV run led to their first self-titled album for Epic, which spawned popular video renditions of “Wonderboy” and “Tribute.” Filled with smatterings of comedic interplay and smartly fleshed out productions of their best-known songs, the album crested at number 33 on the pop Tenacious D • 173

charts, and earned a platinum album award during a 2002 limited tour.

Selected discography Albums

Filmed Their Comedic Legend Black and Gass were so busy with their respective solo careers that they weren’t able to do a follow-up to their successful debut until 2006. The duo had been pitching the idea for a Tenacious D movie for several years, and finally found a script that appealed to them as well as to a studio. Talking to Dan Snierson of Entertainment Weekly, Black explained the evolution of the idea. “We tried to write it with a friend of ours, and there was no inspiration there. ѧ So then we were working with [director] Liam [Lynch] on some short films for the concerts. ѧ And we realized that it should be, plain and simple, the story of Tenacious D, like a biopic, from the beginning to end of our first adventure to become the greatest band on Earth.” Chock-full of cameos by such actors as Tim Robbins, Meatloaf, Amy Poehler, Ben Stiller, Ronnie James Dio, and Nirvana drummer Dave Grohl, Tenacious D: The Pick of Destiny didn’t thrill critics, many of whom felt it was slight on humor, but fans of the duo turned it into a box office success. Equally important, the film’s the soundtrack album hit number eight on the Billboard charts and led to a worldwide tour that featured Tenacious D. Despite their multimedia success as a band, it is unlikely that Black or Gass will stop taking on solo acting projects. However, they are reluctant to leave the rock lifestyle behind. In an interview with Rolling Stone they were asked by Mark Binelli how much of Tenacious D is two actors playing characters and how much is an exaggeration of their true selves. Black quickly answered, “Seventy-three percent real,” before explaining, “That’s always been our schtick, is that it’s not really a shtick.”


Tenacious D, Epic, 2001. The Pick of Destiny, Epic, 2006.

Videos Tenacious D: The Complete Masterworks, Sony, 2003. Tenacious D: The Pick of Destiny, Sony, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Death + Taxes, January/February 2006.

Online “Hellacious D,” Maxim, http://www.maxinonline.com (September 25, 2007). “Interview: Jack Black and Kyle Gass,” Chud.com, http:// www.chud.com/index.php?type=interviews&id=3753 (July 25, 2005). “In the Key of ‘D’,” Entertainment Weekly, http://www. allmusic.com.(February 9, 2007). “73% of the Way to Being the World’s Greatest Rock Band,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com. (November, 2006). “Tenacious D,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com. (February 9, 2007). “Tenacious D,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com (February 9, 2007). Tenacious D Official Website, http://www.tenaciousd.com. (February 9, 2007). “Tenacious D Rock Your Socks: Comic rock duo rile up the faithful in New York,” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com. (September 10, 2001). —Ken Burke

J

Wayman Tisdale Basketball player, bass guitarist

azz bassist Wayman Tisdale started out as a basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA); he won a gold medal in the 1984 Olympics as a member of the U.S. Basketball Team. He now has a solo career playing bass guitar, and four of his albums have spent time on Billboard ’s Contemporary Jazz Top 10. The son of a minister, Tisdale was born in Fort Worth, Texas, and grew up in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He became interested in the bass as a child, when he watched the bass players in his father’s church band. He wrote on his website, “I thought they were the coolest cats. They got to stand and do their thing in the back. I’d watch their fingering and how they played.” His father brought home Mickey Mouse guitars for Tisdale and his two brothers. His brothers used the guitars as paddles or baseball bats, but Tisdale was hooked and started teaching himself how to play. “It’s the greatest gift my dad ever gave me,” he wrote on his website. Basketball and Music When Tisdale was not playing music, he was playing basketball. He played basketball in college at the Uni-

Kent Horner/NBAE/Getty Images

Tisdale • 175


B

orn Wayman Tisdale, June 9, 1964, in Fort Worth, Texas; married; wife’s name Regina; four children.

Education: University of Oklahoma Professional basketball player, 1986-1997; released Power Forward, 1995; In the Zone, 1996; Decisions, 1998; Face to Face, 2001; Presents 21 Days, 2003; Hang Time, 2004; Way Up!, 2006. Awards: Olympic gold medal, U.S. Basketball Team,

In 1995 Tisdale released his debut CD, Power Forward. It hit the number five spot on Billboard’s contemporary jazz chart and number 53 on the rhythm and blues list. Tisdale retired from basketball in 1997 in order to devote his time to his musical career. His subsequent albums, In the Zone, Decisions, and Face to Face, all hit the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Top 10, and Face to Face took the number one spot. He moved from Motown to the Rendezvous label for his 2004 album Hang Time, and it stayed in the Top 5 longer than any of his previous albums. Tisdale has also had two number one radio hits with his tracks “Can’t Hide Love” and “Ain’t No Stoppin’ Us Now.”

1984; Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame, Legacy Tribute Award, 2002; National Smooth Jazz Awards, Bassist of the Year, 2002. Addresses: Agent—Cole Classic Entertainment, P.O. Box 231, Canoga Park, CA 91305.

versity of Oklahoma from 1983 to 1985, and was a three-time All-American; he was the first player on the Oklahoma team to have his jersey, number 23, retired. While in college, he spent his free time sitting in his room practicing guitar instead of going out partying. He told Sachin Shenolikar in a Sports Illustrated article that was reprinted on the Rendezvous Music website, “I would just go to the back of the room and practice bass. Just sit up in my room and play tunes.” In 1984 he was chosen as a member of the U.S. Basketball Team, and won a gold medal at that year’s Olympic Games. In 1986 the Indiana Pacers made him the second overall pick in the NBA draft. He played with the Pacers as a center and power forward, and averaged over 15 points and 6 rebounds per game. The peak of his basketball career came in 1989-90, when he averaged 22.3 points and 7.5 rebounds per game. After playing with the Pacers, he also played with the Sacramento Kings and Phoenix Suns. Overall, he scored over 12,800 points and took over 5,000 rebounds during his 12-year NBA career. Tisdale had never thought he would spend his life in basketball; music was what he had always loved. He told an interviewer in Jet, “Music was what I thought I was going to do. I wanted to be an artist even before I started thinking about basketball.” He taught himself to play bass, and wrote songs for other groups, including SWV, The Winans, and Philip Bailey, before deciding to record his own CD. 176 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

In addition to recording his own CDs, Tisdale has also played with other contemporary jazz musicians, including David Sanborn, Brian Culbertson, Everette Harp, and the group Maximum Grooves. Tisdale has been honored for his musical ability. In 2002 he was inducted into the Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame with the Legacy Tribute Award. In 2004 the NAACP nominated him as an Outstanding Jazz Artist for its Image Awards. “I’m a Born Entertainer” Way Up, released in 2006, got its title from a conversation Tisdale had with Dave Koz, a saxophonist who founded Rendezvous Records; according to Tisdale’s website, Koz remarked, “This album is going to be way up,” and they knew that would have to be the title. The album featured collaborations with Koz, Eric Benet, George Duke, Bob James, Kirk Whalum, Jonathan Butler, and Jeff Lorber. Tisdale remarked on his website that one track on the album, “Get Down on It,” was especially exciting for him: “Sometimes remaking such classics can be a challenge, because people are so familiar with the original. Butѧ we came up with a fresh approach and it has people bugging out of their heads.” He added, “I feel like I’ve grown up with this album. The way I matured as a basketball player is the same way I’m evolving as a musician, taking more control of this album and gaining the confidence to do this on my own.” One major influence on Tisdale’s style was bassist Stanley Clarke. Although Tisdale also admires Bootsy Collins and Verdine White, he told Woodrow Wilkins in All About Jazz, “Stanley sounded like he was speaking when he was on bass. It’s more like a singer than any other instrument.” Tisdale remarked to Shenolikar, “I’ve been on stages with Stevie Wonder, Chaka Khan, Toby Keith, Willie Nelson, Steven Tylerѧ I’ve been so blessed and privileged to play with some of the world’s best musicians.”

He told a Jet interviewer, “I’m a born entertainer. When I’m on the court I’m having a ball—same with music.” He wrote on his website, “I just love people and I feel like entertainment goes right in line with my personality. Whether it’s on the stage or playing basketball, it’s just what I’ve been called to do on this earth.”

Sources Periodicals Billboard, April 21, 2001, p. 18. Jet, August 14, 1995, p. 48. Sports Illustrated, July 15, 2002, p. 86.

Online

Selected discography Power Forward, Motown, 1995. In the Zone, Motown, 1996. Decisions, Motown, 1998. Face to Face, Motown, 2001. Presents 21 Days, Motown, 2003. Hang Time, Rendezvous, 2004. Way Up!, Rendezvous, 2006.

NBA Website, http://www.databasebasketball.com/players/ playerpage.htm?ilkid=TISDAWA01 (January 30, 2007). Rendezvous Records Website, http://www.rendezvouzmusic.com/v2/artistHome.php?ID=16&page+news&news=19 (February 27, 2007). Wayman Tisdale Official Website, http://www.waymantisdale. com/ (January 30, 2007). “Wayman Tisdale: Way Up!,” All About Jazz, October 5, 2006, http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php?id=23189 (February 27, 2007). —Kelly Winters

Tisdale • 177

R

andy Travis was among the first performers of his generation to find a mainstream audience for traditional country music. By 1986 Travis, who grew up listening to his father’s recordings of past country greats, had parlayed his down-home good looks, distinctive voice, and intelligent choice of material into country stardom. He was inducted into the Grand Ole Opry at the age of 28 and was the first country artist ever to have a debut album sell over one million copies. As Jay Cocks put it in Time magazine, Travis had “not redefined country so much as reminded everyone of its truest instincts.” His career was a remarkably durable one, marked by several successful comebacks after his first stretch at the top of the charts in the late 1980s.

Randy Travis

Travis was discovered in Nashville just as public taste began to reacquaint itself with conventional country music. His songs of love, heartache, and the realities of blue collar life endeared him—and thus, country music itself—to a generation of listeners raised on rock and roll. In 1991 Pulse! contributor Robert Gordon equated Travis with country music’s return to basics, explaining how the singer “rode the crest of the New Traditionalist movement which began halfway through the last decade, establishing an expansive audience that Nashville never knew existed.”

Singer, songwriter

Whether writing his own songs or choosing others to record, Travis steered clear of material that was even slightly pop- or rock-oriented. He has sung duos with such country music standard-bearers as George Jones, Roy Rogers, and Tammy Wynette. Travis’s heartfelt dedication to pure country forms indeed proved the catalyst for his success; as Pulse! contributor Gordon suggested, he was in the right place at the right time, with a powerful strain of conviction in his performance. “You will know the voice right away, even if you have never heard it,” Cocks reported. “A backcountry baritone canters along a line of swaying melody, taking it easy, taking everything easy. The prides, the miseries, the dalliances and departures that are the mother lode of country music, all are delved into and delivered up with the sidling grace of an unordained preacher taking the back door to honky-tonk heaven.”

AP Images

“I do try to sing with as much feeling as I can,” Travis told the New York Times Magazine. “I lived a lot. I did a lot. I got started early, doin’ a lot of things. That’s some of what I learned from Hank [Williams Sr.] and [Merle Haggard] and [George] Jones—because when you listen to them sing a song, they can just make you believe everything about it. They just sing to you like it really happened to them. And to me, that’s what singin’s all about.”


Travis was born Randy Traywick on May 4, 1959, in Marshville, North Carolina, as one of five children. Both of his parents worked full-time—his father owned a construction company and his mother worked in a


B

orn Randy Bruce Traywick on May 4, 1959, in Marshville, NC; son of Harold (owner of a construc-

tion company and farmer) and Bobbie (a textile worker) Traywick; married Lib Hatcher (his manager), May 31, 1991. Began performing with brother Ricky as “The Traywick Brothers,” c. 1969; began solo career, c. 1973; performed at Country City U.S.A., Charlotte, NC, 197681, and the Nashville Palace, Nashville, TN, 1981-85; signed with Warner Bros. records and released first single, “On the Other Hand,” 1985; became member of Grand Ole Opry, 1987; toured America, Canada, and Europe; performed at President George Bush’s inaugural ball, 1989; signed to DreamWorks label, 1997; released You and You Alone, 1998; signed to Word label, 2003; recorded and performed gospel as well as country music, early 2000s–; appeared in films, including The Visitation, 2006. Awards: Academy of Country Music, Top New Male Vocalist Award, 1985; Country Music Association Horizon Award and Academy of Country Music, Top Male Vocalist Award, Album of the Year Award, for Storms of Life, and Best Single Award, for “On the Other Hand,” all 1986; Country Music Association, Male Vocalist of the Year Award, Album of the Year award, for Always and Forever, and Single of the Year Award, for “Forever and Ever, Amen,” all 1987; Grammy Awards for Best Country Vocal Performance/Male, 1987, 1988, and 1993; American Music Award for Favorite Male Vocalist/Country, 1989, 1990; Grammy Award, Best Country Collaboration with Vocals (with Marty Stuart and Emmylou Harris), for “Same Old Train,” 1998; Dove Awards for Bluegrass Album of the Year, for Inspirational Journey, 2001; Country Music Association Song of the Year Award, for “Three Wooden Crosses,” 2003; Grammy Awards, for Best Southern, Country, or Bluegrass Gospel Album, for Rise and Shine, 2004; for Worship & Faith, 2005; and for Glory Train, 2007. Addresses: Office—P.O. Box 121137, Nashville, TN 37212.

textile mill. The Traywicks owned a farm, too, and Randy helped raise turkeys and cattle. Harold Traywick, however, had other ambitions for his son. The elder Traywick was a fan of old-time country music, especially the works of Hank Williams, Lefty Frizzell, Ernest Tubb, Gene Autry, and Roy Rogers. Young Randy grew up listening to recordings from another era, and despite the pull of rock and roll, he fell in love with the country sound. “My brothers and sisters, people I went to school with—I mean, all of them— were definitely into rock ’n’ roll,” Travis told Time. “But it never really appealed to me that much.” What did appeal to Travis was country music, especially the George Jones and Merle Haggard songs of the late 1960s and early 1970s. When Travis was only ten, his father bought him a Gibson guitar for Christmas. A brother, Ricky, received a set of drums. With their parents’ enthusiastic approval, the two began performing as “The Traywick Brothers” at local functions. Randy was still in grade school. “My folks pushed me to do it,” Travis told People magazine. “It has always been in Daddy’s mind especially.” Travis absolutely hated school, dropping out before finishing the ninth grade. For a while he worked on his father’s turkey farm and in the construction business, but he seemed more bent on getting into trouble than making a living. He continued to perform—now as a solo singer—in tough venues where acts would be protected from the audience by chain link fence. Soon Travis was drinking excessively and using drugs. He has been brutally candid about his troubled teen years, telling Newsweek that he began drinking at 12 and using drugs at 14. “Sometimes a lot harder drugs, but at least marijuana every day,” he admitted. “I think all that was part of why I got into so much trouble.” As it was, Travis nearly ruined his health and almost landed in prison before his eighteenth birthday. “I can’t count the times I’ve been in jail,” he toldTime. Once he was arrested for leading police on a high speed chase. Another time the charge was breaking and entering. Travis was saved, literally, by his voice. During one of his stable periods he had won a talent contest at Country City U.S.A., a nightclub in Charlotte, North Carolina. The club’s owner, Lib Hatcher, was bowled over by his sincere delivery and shy presence on stage. Hatcher gave Travis the second chance he needed to stay out of jail and reconstruct his life. She told him he could be a big star and that she could help him get to the top. He believed her. “The main reason I eventually got straightened out was that I met my manager, Lib Hatcher,” Travis told Stereo Review. “She gives great advice, and finally I found someone I could talk to. ѧ For the first time I took the music business seriously. It gave me something actually to do.” At 17, facing five years in prison for the breaking and entering charge, Travis was spared the sentence when Travis • 179

Hatcher appeared in court on his behalf; she told the judge she would employ Travis full-time and take responsibility for him. She was granted custody, and Travis was warned that the next time he appeared in court, he had better bring his toothbrush. Thus, in 1976 a partnership began that would bring stardom to Travis and a millionaire lifestyle to the woman who believed in him. Travis moved in with Hatcher and her husband and began to sing regularly at Country City U.S.A. Hatcher’s marriage ended shortly thereafter, and she devoted more and more of her energy to advancing Travis’s career. She moved her club into a new building with more seats, and scraped together $10,000 to record two singles on a tiny Louisiana record label. Faith alone propelled the pair through some lean years. Travis told Country America: “Lib and I have seen numerous Christmases together, and sometimes we didn’t feel like we had very much to celebrate. Before we moved to Nashville, there were some pretty hard times in North Carolina. ѧ There was hardly any money changing hands.” In 1980 Hatcher sold her Charlotte club and moved with Travis to Nashville. There they rented a bungalow on 16th Avenue in the famed Music Row area, and sought work where Travis would be most visible. Hatcher found a position managing the Nashville Palace, one of the many restaurants featuring live music located within a stone’s throw of the Opryland complex. Travis went to work at the Palace as a short-order cook and singer. Billed as “Randy Ray,” he would cook, wash dishes, sing, and then wash more dishes. He often worked from dawn until two a.m. “I don’t know why I didn’t get discouraged,” he told People. “Lack of sense or something.” Almost every record company in Nashville turned down “Randy Ray” at least once; Warner Bros. passed him over twice. Still Hatcher persisted, inviting Grand Ole Opry stars in to sing at the Palace and to hear her young protege. Then the times caught up with Travis’s style. The early 1980s saw the emergence of George Strait, Ricky Skaggs, and Reba McEntire, all performers with pure country orientation, as opposed to pop, or “countrypolitan,” as the 1970s trend toward pop-influenced country was called. Though Nashville executives still preferred artists with crossover potential, pointing to the success of the Charlie Daniels Band and Alabama among teens, Warner Bros. senior vice president Martha Sharp nevertheless went to the Palace to hear “Randy Ray” perform in 1985 and offered him a contract on the spot. “I loved his voice,” she told the Los Angeles Times. “But I knew I was going to get a lot of guff. The prevailing opinion at that time was that he was too country, nothing that country would work. Still, my gut told me to go ahead.” The first thing Sharp did was change Randy Traywick’s stage name to Randy Travis. Then she encouraged him to focus on his strengths—especially his robust but edgy voice and the vein of irony that helped temper his 180 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

more sentimental songs. Travis’s first album, Storms of Life, was released by Warner Bros. in June of 1986 with anticipated sales of 20,000 units. By the end of the year it had sold more than a million copies and yielded four hit singles: “1982,” “On the Other Hand,” “Diggin’ Up Bones,” and “Reasons I Cheat.” Travis left his anonymity behind, to become the winner of the Country Music Association’s coveted Horizon Award—the equivalent of a “rookie of the year” honor. During his years of struggle Travis and his band had journeyed to concerts in a converted bread truck; equipment was hauled in a van and horse trailer. By the beginning of 1987, the Travis entourage—still ably managed by Hatcher—traveled in the comfort of a $500,000 bus. Hatcher also found Travis a publicist, who signed the engaging young singer to some unlikely television appearances, including one on the rock-oriented Saturday Night Live. Through shrewd management and sheer hard work, Travis soon eclipsed many of the other so-called New Traditionalists. His second album, Always and Forever, sold well over three million copies and remained at the number one position on the country charts for a record 43 weeks. The release’s most popular hit single, “Forever and Ever, Amen,” was named favorite country single of 1987 by both the Country Music Association and the Academy of Country Music. In 1988 the former cook at the Nashville Palace found himself performing at London’s Royal Albert Hall, with Rolling Stone Mick Jagger in the audience. By that time Travis had amassed three platinum albums and scores of fans, many of whom had never before given country music a second glance. As Bob Millard put it in Country Music magazine, Travis’s popularity had grown to the point where he could “sell a million copies of anything with his voice on it.” Still, Travis was not the type to rest on his laurels. As a member of the Grand Ole Opry, he could have settled in and comfortably churned out his trademark hits year after year as other singers came and went. Instead, the singer stretched his musical skills by writing more of his own material and tinkering with his style, without abandoning the pure country sound that made him famous. His 1991 album High Lonesome yielded two hits he co-wrote with country up-and-comer Alan Jackson, “Better Class of Losers” and “Forever Together.” The latter, a heartfelt ballad of devotion to a loved one, crested the charts just as Travis married Lib Hatcher in May of 1991. Through it all Travis remained modest about his success and grateful that he had made his mark without compromising to fit markets beyond country. “I have a voice that sounds like a country singer, and there’s no way around that,” he told Stereo Review. “Plus, I don’t want to do anything else. I love country music.” Country Music contributor Michael Bane called Travis “your basic lightning rod,” adding, “With his successes, the floodgates opened, and, as it always has, country music changed, evolved. Within a few years, the business belonged to the ‘men with hats,’ traditional male

vocalists.” Some of these “hat acts,” in fact—most notably country phenomenon and pop music fan Garth Brooks—outshone Travis in the early 1990s. As Alanna Nash concluded in Entertainment Weekly, “Travis’s success opened the door to all those guys ѧ and they owe him more than a wave as they pass him by on the charts.” What they also owed Travis was respect for his tenacity and his integrity as a country musician first and a crossover artist second. The singer who listed his own personal favorites as George Jones and Merle Haggard told Pulse!, “Country music has changed some, but it still addresses the things that everyday people go through in everyday life. To me that’s what country music is about.” Indeed, Travis need not have worried that his brand of pure country music would go out of fashion as country swung toward arena rock styles in the 1990s with the music of Garth Brooks and his various competitors. Travis took a break from touring after his marriage but returned to the stage, where he remained a consistent draw as a live act well into the 2000s. His Warner Bros. releases of the 1990s, such as Wind in the Wire, This Is Me, and Full Circle, all rose to the upper reaches of Billboard magazine’s country albums chart, and in 1997 he was signed to the well-capitalized new DreamWorks label.

Selected discography Storms of Life, Warner Bros., 1986. Always & Forever, Warner Bros., 1987. Old 8x10, Warner Bros., 1988. An Old Time Christmas, Warner Bros., 1989. Heroes and Friends, Warner Bros., 1990. High Lonesome, Warner Bros., 1991. Wind in the Wire, Warner Bros., 1992. This Is Me, Warner Bros., 1994. Full Circle, Warner Bros., 1996. You and You Alone, DreamWorks, 1998. A Man Ain’t Made of Stone, DreamWorks, 1999. Inspirational Journey, Warner Bros., 2000. Live: It Was Just a Matter of Time, Warner Bros., 2001. Rise and Shine, Warner Bros., 2002. Worship & Faith, Word, 2003. Passing Through, Word, 2004. The Very Best of Randy Travis, Rhino, 2004. Glory Train, Word, 2005. Greatest Hits, Rhino, 2007.

Sources Books Newsmakers 1988, Gale, 1989. Vaughan, Andrew, Who’s Who in New Country Music, St. Martin’s, 1989.

Periodicals That decision brought the new label its first charttopping country single with “Out of My Bones,” taken from Travis’s DreamWorks debut album You and You Alone. By the turn of the millennium, Travis’s total recording sales were reported to be in excess of 13 million copies. His easygoing manner and classic good looks translated into screen success. He appeared on Matlock, Touched by an Angel, and Texas, and his cinema credits have included White River Kid, Texas Rangers, and The Visitation. The 2000s decade saw yet another resurgence in Travis’s commercial fortunes, this one the result of a new creative direction. Working with longtime producer Kyle Lehning, he returned to Warner’s Atlantic imprint for his first religiously oriented album, Inspirational Journey, in 2001. The album garnered two Dove Awards from the Christian music industry as Travis added sacred music listeners to his audience with single releases such as “Baptism” and “Three Wooden Crosses.” The latter song, from Travis’s 2003 album Rise and Shine on the Word label, gave him another number one country hit and became the first release on a Christian label ever to attain that chart position. As of the mid-2000s Travis had a heavy touring schedule that included both religious and secular concerts. He released the religious album Glory Train in 2006 and took home a Grammy—his third of the 2000s—for Best Southern, Country, or Bluegrass Gospel Album the following spring.

Billboard, November 6, 2004, p. 38. Chicago Tribune, November 13, 1986; February 22, 1987. Country America, January 1992. Country Music, January/February 1991; March/April 1991; November/December 1991; January/February 1992; July/ August 1992. Entertainment Weekly, March 20, 1992. Los Angeles Times, March 6, 1988. Newsweek, October 27, 1986; October 16, 1989; October 22, 1990. New York Times Magazine, June 25, 1989. People, November 10, 1986; June 24, 1991. Pulse!, November 1991. Stereo Review, September 1987; June 1989. Time, June 22, 1987; July 25, 1988. Washington Post, February 15, 1987.

Online “Biography,” Randy Travis Official Website, http://www. randytravis.com (March 30, 2007). “Randy Travis,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (March 30, 2007).

Other Additional information for this profile was obtained from Warner Bros. media information, 1992. —Anne Janette Johnson and James M. Manheim

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ince breaking the barrier of international popularity in 2006 with the infectious singles “Suddenly I See” and “Black Horse and the Cherry Tree” from her first full-length release, Eye to the Telescope, KT Tunstall has prompted critical and public acclaim for her soulful brand of pop music. Featuring vocals that were alternately innocent and sultry, the songs were assisted by cleverly creative videos that received regular rotation on the video music channel VH1, and the songs appeared on the soundtracks of such popular television series as Grey’s Anatomy. “My songs examine and explore little specific emotions or situations or stories,” she explained on her website. “They’re kitchen table songs, like a conversation between me and one other person. I like the idea of focusing in on things we deem small and magnifying them to life-changing proportions.”

KT Tunstall

KT (an alternate spelling of her first name, Katie) Tunstall was born in 1975, and adopted by a St. Andrews University physicist’s family in Scotland. According to Corey Apar, writing for All Music Guide, Tunstall’s knowledge of her adoption heightened her awareness of the different directions her life could have taken, and sparked her imagination and creativity. “I grew up knowing I could have had a million different lives,” she said on her website. “It reminds you how mysterious life is and makes your imagination go wild.” Among the childhood experiences contributing to her creativity were frequent trips to the St. Andrews observatory with her father and brothers. These visits contributed to her love of astronomy and the science fiction genre, reflected in the title of her debut album, Eye to the Telescope. “My dad used to take my brothers and me into his lab when we were little,” she said on her website. “He used to take us up to the observatory at St. Andrew’s University and he’d get us up in the middle of the night to show us Halley’s Comet or Saturn.”

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Singer, songwriter


When she was six Tunstall began studying piano and flute, and developed an early affinity for the music of American singers such as Billie Holiday and Ella Fitzgerald. She also recalled to Gillian Telling of Rolling Stone experiences of “dancing around to songs about the periodic table as sung by a Harvard mathematician” (presumably Tom Lehrer). Tunstall also told Telling that she “used to draw pages of musical notes, not even really knowing what they were.” In her mid-teens she began writing songs, largely influenced by a newly developed love for the music of David Bowie, Lou Reed, and Tom Waits. She taught herself to play guitar from a book of guitar tablatures, and won a scholarship to the Kent School in Connecticut in the United States. She formed a band named the Happy Campers, and attended concerts by 10,000 Maniacs and the Grateful Dead. She returned to the United Kingdom to attend the Royal Holloway College in London, where she won a campus Battle of the Bands. “I managed to win with just a mandolin player,” she wrote on her website. “It was me and eleven Goth bands and I won!”


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orn in Scotland.

Released Eye to the Telescope, 2004; released KT Tunstall’s Acoustic Extravaganza, Relentless/Virgin, 2006; Drastic Fantastic, Relentless/Virgin/EMI,2007. Addresses: Little Big Man Booking and Publicist, 155 Ave. of the Americas, 6th Fl., New York, NY 10013, phone: 646-336-8520, telefax: 646-336-8522. Website—KT

Tunstall

Official

Website:

http://www.

kttunstall.com.

Tunstall moved back to Scotland to work with Fence Collective member Pip Dylan for six years. The lifestyle was rustic and music centered. During this period she also met the Beta Band. In 2003 she went to London to seek a record deal. According to Tunstall, however, her age worked against record companies’ idea of marketability. “I was on the wrong side of twenty-five,” she told Telling. “And even though Norah Jones opened the golden gate for female singer-songwriters, most labels had signed their one girl already.” She persisted, however, and began collaborating with a variety of songwriters and producers, among them Martin Terefe, Jimmy Hogarth, and Tommy D—who, respectively, had worked with Ron Sexsmith, James Blunt, and Catatonia. By the time Tunstall met producer, engineer, and mixer Steve Osborne, she had more than 100 songs ready to record. Osborne, who had previously worked with U2, Suede, New Order, and Doves, booked Tunstall in a rural Wiltshire studio. The finished product was released in late 2004 on the small independent label Relentless Records, and took off in sales and popularity the following year after an appearance on the BBC program Later with Jools Holland. Tunstall was called at short notice to replace hip-hop artist Nas, and had no opportunity to find supporting musicians. Therefore, she performed a solo rendition of “Black Horse and the Cherry Tree,” and captured the admiration of viewers with her powerful and compelling stage presence.

Tunstall’s Eye to the Telescope began to pick up steam with positive notices. One, from Scotland on Sunday, is quoted on her website: “The kind of record you might expect from an established international artist ѧ not a girl composing her first musical calling card. It really is that good, the album Fiona Apple is still hoping to grow into, that Sheryl Crow got too distracted to make, and Lucinda Williams would be proud of.” All Music Guide critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine joined the chorus of critical praise heaped on Eye on the Telescope. He declared that Tunstall “reveals herself to be a soulful vocalist, a restless musician, and a serious songwriter.” The effort earned Tunstall a Best British Female Solo Artist at the Brits, the U.K. version of the Grammy Awards. The U.S. version of the album was released in 2006, and Tunstall toured North America as a support act for Joss Stone. She followed up Eye to the Telescope with the 2006 release KT Tunstall’s Acoustic Extravaganza, which featured acoustic versions of both old and new songs, including a cover of Beck’s “Golden Age.” In 2007 Tunstall released Drastic Fantastic. According to Erlewine, “[Tunstall] clearly has gone pop, but she’s done so without sacrificing her subtle skills as a writerѧ a pop album with a songwriter’s heart.”

Selected discography Eye to the Telescope, Relentless Records, 2004. KT Tunstall’s Acoustic Extravaganza, Relentless/Virgin, 2006. Drastic Fantastic, Relentless/Virgin/EMI, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, March 31, 2006. Rolling Stone, February 9, 2006.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (February 12, 2007). KT Tunstall Official Website, http://www.kttunstall.com (April 4, 2007). —Bruce Walker

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Van Zant Rock and country group

he name Van Zant figures prominently in any discussion of Southern rock. The late Ronnie Van Zant formed Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1970 and served as its lead vocalist and principal songwriter until a plane crash claimed him and two other band members. With Ronnie at the helm they released five albums yielding the chartbusters “Free Bird,” “Sweet Home Alabama,” and “Gimme Three Steps.” In 1987 Lynyrd Skynyrd’s remaining members reunited with Ronnie’s younger brother Johnny Van Zant on lead vocals. Through various lineup changes, they have released seven albums and were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2005. While Lynyrd Skynyrd was making its mark in the seventies, brother Donnie Van Zant formed the more pop-oriented .38 Special. Between 1977 and 1997 they released ten albums and garnered hits with “Rockin’ Into the Night,” “Hold on Loosely,” “Fantasy Girl,” “Second Chance,” and “Back Where You Belong.” Since 1985, Johnny and Donnie have periodically worked together under the moniker Van Zant, and have released four albums demonstrating a variety of styles and influences. Van Zant has retained not only the classic rock audience but has attracted country music fans as well, in part due to the placement in regular

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embers include: Donnie Van Zant (vocals); and Ronnie Van Zant (vocals).

Released first album, Van Zant, 1985; released Brother to Brother, 1998; released debut country album, Get Right with the Man, 2005. Addresses: Management—Vector Management, Ken Levitan and Ross Schilling, P.O. Box 120479, Nashville, TN 37212, phone: 615-269-6600, fax: 615-2696002. Web site—Van Zant Official Website: http:// www.thevanzants.com.

rotation of several Van Zant pro-American videos on Country Music Television. Donnie and Johnny first teamed up for the 1985 AOR release Van Zant. The tunes were mostly up-tempo rockers, with almost no genuine blues or country influence. Every aspect of this album, including the cover art depicting the letters VZ suspended in space, suggested a knock-off of ZZ Top’s 1985 album Afterburner. This first collaboration was largely dismissed by critics as a failed commercial experiment. Their subsequent success in genres better suited to their talents generated enough interest to warrant release on CD. Van Zant’s 1998 release Brother to Brother found the Van Zants right at home, with a Southern country-rock album in the tradition of bands like the Outlaws, the Marshall Tucker Band, and Molly Hatchet. Though it lacked the raw power of Lynyrd Skynyrd or the Allman Brothers, it demonstrated how new millennium country music had broadened its appeal by melding with 1970s-era country rock. In a 1998 interview with The Tennessean, the Van Zants explained why Brother to Brother was so warmly received in Nashville: “We’ve had people telling us forever and ever, ‘Man, you oughtta do something together,’” according to Johnny. “Actually, we wanted to do a country record at first,” Donnie said. “And they laughed at us. ѧ We were raised on country music.” Three years later, the brothers released the grittier Van Zant II, dedicated to their beloved late mother, Marion. The album opens with the rousing “Oklahoma,” a tribute to the survivors of the Oklahoma City bombing. In a similar vein, “Is It For Real” questions the morality of modern society. “Heart of an Angel,” “Imagination,” and “Alive” are reflective country ballads. The rest of the set is the kind of high energy music listeners should ex-

pect, given the contributions of name guitarists like Kenny Wayne Shepherd, Jerry McPherson, and Pat Buchanan. As Johnny stated in a 2001 promotional interview for SPV Records, Van Zant II was a labor of love for all involved: “When we put down Brother To Brother we actually had a few months off from touring, so we completed it in about a month and a half. Van Zant II has been a two-year process, to be honest. We just did it in our off time. Vacations were definitely out of the picture. Because of the time element, we weren’t able to go into the studio and demo these songs; we simply wrote using a little ghetto blaster. You go talk to any of these guys about playing on the Van Zant brothers CD and they’ll all say they had a blast because they are used to playing a certain way for producers, and we let ‘em go for it.” In 2005 the brothers Van Zant finally found a spot on the country charts with Get Right with the Man. As they explained on their website, this was not a departure, but a long-awaited homecoming: “People ask us if we’ve gone country, I tell ’em, ‘We ain’t gone country, we were born country,’” Johnny was quoted in a press release on the duo’s website. “Our Dad was a truck driver for 35 years and Mom worked at Dunkin Donuts,” said Donnie. Their country roots were evident in ballads like “Help Somebody” and “Things I Miss The Most.” Songs like “Takin’ up Space,” “Nobody Gonna Tell Me What to Do,” “I Know My History,” and “Been There Done That” portrayed Donnie and Johnny at their surly best. But for the banjo and signature steel guitar, any of these hard-driving tunes could have worked on Brother to Brother, Van Zant II, or any number of Lynyrd Skynyrd albums. The warm reception afforded Get Right with the Man was tarnished slightly by copy protection software that was included in the CD’s distributed by Sony. Some customers were annoyed and advocated a boycott. In response, Sony pulled the affected CDs from the market. In the summer of 2007 Van Zant was projected to release My Kind of Country. A single from that collection, “That Scares Me,” was released in April of that year.

Selected discography Van Zant, Unidisc, 1985. Brother to Brother, CMC International, 1998. Van Zant II, CMC International, 2001. Get Right with the Man, Sony, 2005. My Kind of Country, Sony, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Rolling Stone, June 2, 2005. The Tennessean, April 18, 1998.

Van Zant • 185

Online About: Country Music, http://www.countrymusic.about.com/ (February 12, 2007). About: Country Music, http://countrymusic.about.com/od/ news/a/blvanzant_cma.htm (February 12, 2007). All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 12, 2007).


Country Music Televison, http://www.cmt.com/artists/az/van_ zant/bio.jhtml.com (February 12, 2007). Get Ready to Rock, http://www.getreadytorock.com/rock_ stars/van_zant.htm (February 12, 2007). Van Zant Official Website, http://www.thevanzants.com (February 12, 2007). —Bruce Walker

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lthough he has applied his many talents to acting and composing for stage and screen, Tom Waits’s performances on albums and in concert have remained his trademark. His rumpled suits, his rough and gravelly voice, and his songs about downtrodden but hopeful characters all make a Waits performance instantly recognizable. Still, there have been changes in Waits’s music. Early on, his songs showed the influence of the jazz and blues he had listened to as a child. Over time he became more experimental, showing classical influences and a willingness to use any object that could make a sound as an instrument. Then, after his 1992 album Bone Machine, Waits seemingly stopped recording new material, releasing only retrospectives and music from movies and musicals. This hiatus ended in 1999 with the release of Mule Variations, where he brought together the various sounds and styles from his entire career.

Tom Waits

The way life began for Waits sounds like something that might have happened in one of his songs. He was born in a taxicab outside a hospital in Pomona, California, on December 7, 1949. His parents taught school, but more important for Waits, his father taught him how to build Heathkit radios. On his crystal sets he heard radio programs from around the country, and listened to the blues of Ray Charles and Leadbelly, the country music of Johnny Horton and Floyd Cramer, and the rock and roll played by Wolfman Jack. While his musical tastes were forming, so were his literary ones, as he discovered the works of the Beat authors, especially Jack Kerouac and his best-known work, the novel On the Road.

Singer, songwriter, actor

© Jack Vartoogian/FrontRowPhotos

Waits took to the road himself, heading to Los Angeles, California. There he continued to be fascinated with the lives of the people who populated the city late at night, who were living on the margins of society. These people became a sources for the songs that he began performing around the city. His appearance on stage meshed with his characters. Dressed in a rumpled old suit and often wearing a porkpie hat, Waits would brandish a cigarette or a drink while telling stories between songs. He became well known on the Los Angeles club circuit, and during a 1969 stint at the Troubadour, a legendary West Hollywood club, he signed a contract with rock manager Herb Cohen. Still, he remained a songwriter and stage performer until 1973, when his first album, Closing Time, was released on the Asylum label. Weird Life on the Road Even though he had signed with a major record company, Waits did not lead the stereotypical life of a rock star. Living in Los Angeles, he roomed at the Tropicana Hotel, a residence more seedy than luxurious. He stayed at similar places when he toured. He explained his reasons to David Fricke of Rolling Stone: “I would wind up in these very strange places—these rooms Waits • 187


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orn Thomas Alan Waits, December 7, 1949, in Pomona, CA (some sources say Whittier); son of

Jesse Frank Waits and Alma (Johnson) McMurray (both school teachers); married Kathleen Patricia Brennan (script editor and playwright), August 10, 1980; children: Casey, Kellesimone, and Sullivan. Began performing in night clubs in Los Angeles and Hollywood, CA, late 1960s; released first album, Closing Time, on Asylum, 1973; made film acting debut in Paradise Alley, 1978; began writing film scores, 1980; composed, co-produced, and starred in stage musical Frank’s Wild Years, 1986; collaborated on stage musical The Black Rider, 1993; released most commercially successful album, Mule Variations, 1999; released boxed set of rare and unreleased material, Orphans: Brawlers, Bawlers, and Bastards, 2006. Awards: Rolling Stone Magazine Music Critics’ Picks for

The Heart of Saturday Night in 1974, Small Change in 1977, and Heart Attack and Vine in 1980. Steve Huey of All Music Guide summarized Waits’s music during this period as “a mix of Beat poetry recited over jazztrio backing and blues, alcohol-soaked piano and/or orchestral balladry.” The 1975 live album Nighthawks at the Diner captured the full Waits stage performance, laced with the story telling and one-liners that he interspersed between his musical performances. Waits’s penchant for performing led him into acting. He made his film debut with a small part in the Sylvester Stallone film Paradise Alley in 1978. Waits went on to appear in numerous films, working with such respected directors as Robert Altman (Short Cuts), Terry Gilliam (The Fisher King), Jim Jarmusch (several films, most notably Down by Law), and Francis Ford Coppola (several films, including Bram Stoker’s Dracula). Working with Jarmusch and Coppola also gave Waits the opportunity to write soundtracks. A collaboration with Coppola also led Waits to one of the most important events of his life and career. While writing the soundtrack for One from the Heart, he met script editor Kathleen Brennan. The two married in 1980, and while she changed his life in small ways, such as not allowing him to wear his suits to bed, she also influenced his song writing by encouraging him to open up musically.

best songwriter, 1985; Grammy Award, Best Alternative Album, for Bone Machine, 1992. Addresses: Home—P. O. Box 498, Valley Ford, CA 94972-0498. Record company—Epitaph Records, 2798 W. Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90026-2102.

with stains on the wallpaper, foggy voices down the hall, sharing a bathroom with a guy with a hernia. I’d watch TV with old men in the lobby. I knew there was music in those places—and stories. That’s what I was looking for.” Many of his early gigs were not all that glamorous, either. At one time he found himself performing in front of children, serving as the opening act for 1950s children’s television star Buffalo Bob and his famous marionette Howdy Doody. Even when opening for other rock acts, Waits wasn’t really comfortable. On a tour with Frank Zappa, Waits had what he described to Fricke as his “first experience with rodeos and hockey arenas ѧ It was like Frankenstein, with the torches, the whole thing.” While the life of a rock and roll star didn’t appeal to Waits, his music appealed to many of the stars themselves. Artists such as the Eagles, Bette Midler, and Bruce Springsteen all recorded their own versions of Waits’s songs from the 1970s and 1980s. Waits was prolific throughout the decade, releasing a total of eight albums on Asylum from 1973 through 1981, including


A Musical Marriage Waits’s first album after their marriage was 1983’s Swordfishtrombones, which marked the beginning of a new sound for him, one that came out of collaborating with Brennan. He described her liberating influence to Gil Kaufman and Michael Goldberg at the Addicted to Noise website: “You try to reconcile the fact that you like Collapsing New Buildings and Skip James and Elmer Bernstein and Nick Cave and Beefheart and Eric Satie and all this stuff that you don’t know what to do with. I guess it was her [sic] that gave me the notion that you can find some reconciliation between these things that you like. That was the beginning, and we’ve been working together since then.” Among the new elements to appear in Waits’s arrangements during this time were the influence of German composer Kurt Weill, as well as the use of sounds made by everyday objects. Waits told Fricke, “I’m the kind of bandleader who when he says, ‘Don’t forget to bring the Fender,’ I mean the fender from the Dodge.” While Waits’s music and instruments changed over time, the lyrics of his songs continued to explore the lives of the down-and-out and the dispossessed. Waits and Brennan wrote from everyday life, although they exaggerated a bit. Waits told Fricke, “If I know three things about my neighbor, I take those, and that’s enough for me to go on. Everybody mixes truth and fiction. If you’re stuck for a place for a story to go, you make up the part you need.” In an interview with Jonathan Valania of Magnet, Waits stressed the impor-

tance of making the setting for the song feel authentic. “Every song needs to be anatomically correct: You need weather, you need the name of the town, something to eat—every song needs certain ingredients to be balanced.” Swordfishtrombones marked a change in the tone of Waits’s songs. MusicHound Rock described the songs from the 1970s as “sentimental in the way people get after a few too many cocktails,” but by the time Bone Machine was released in 1992, Waits’s material was the “most harrowing ever.” Even this material appealed to other artists. Rod Stewart scored a hit with his cover of “Downtown Train” from 1985’s Raindogs. Bone Machine brought Waits recognition from the recording industry when it won a Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Performance. Evidently Waits didn’t think much of the award designation. Jim Jarmusch reported Waits’s reaction to Valania: “He flipped out when he got the Grammy. He hated that. ‘Alternative to what?! What the hell does that mean?’” Stage, Screen, But No Studio Following Bone Machine Waits turned his attention away from the studio and toward the stage. He had already collaborated with Brennan on the musical Frank’s Wild Years (1987), the story of an accordion player recalling his life while freezing on a park bench. In 1993 Waits teamed with legendary Beat author William Burroughs and composer Robert Wilson on a musical called The Black Rider, based on a nineteenth century German folk opera about a man who makes a Faustian bargain with the devil so that he can marry the woman he loves. Waits then worked with Wilson on an operatic adaptation of Alice in Wonderland. He also continued composing for movies, collaborating with Brennan on the music for the Oscar-winning animated short subject Bunny in 1998. In 1999 Waits released Mule Variations, his first album of new material not related to stage or screen work in seven years. It immediately became Waits’s largest commercial success. Only two of his previous albums had even cracked the Billboard Top 100, but Mule Variations debuted at number 30 on the charts. The album also achieved good critical notices, with many reviews pointing out that all the sounds and styles of Waits’s earlier recordings appeared here in various songs. Valania wrote, “Mule Variations, his first album in seven years, and possibly his best, finds him moving full circle.” As usual, Brennan collaborated with Waits on the album, receiving co-writing credit on two-thirds of the songs. The couple composed on a rented piano in a hotel room, a process that Waits described to Fricke as “a sack race. You learn to move forward together.” Reviewing the album in the Village Voice, Robert Christgau wrote, “Together they humanize the percussion-battered Bone Machine sound, reconstituting his ’80s alienation effects into a Delta harshness

with more give to it—enough to accommodate a tenderness that’s never soft.” Ironically, after all his years of recording for major labels, this most commercially successful of Waits’s albums appeared on Epitaph records, an independent company known for its punk rock emphasis. Bradley Bambarger of Billboard reported that Waits “wanted to avoid what he calls ‘the plantation system’ of the music business.” For Waits, remaining independent of the business dealings of major record labels brought him the freedom to make the kind of music he wanted, and to take seven years between album releases if he so chose. Comparing song writing to fishing, Waits told Fricke that it didn’t matter how frequently he produced new work: “So you don’t want to fish for a couple of weeks, a couple of years? The fish will get along fine without you.” In 2002 Waits simultaneously released Blood Money and Alice. The former was a song cycle written with Brennan for a stage production by Robert Wilson, based on the nineteenth century play Woyzeck by Georg Buchner. The songs were dark and moody, based on the true story of a German soldier driven insane by infidelity and medical experiments, who subsequently murders his unfaithful lover. Guest artists on the album included blues harmonica player Charlie Musselwhite, Police drummer Stewart Copeland, and guitarist Larry Taylor. The songs on Alice were written in 1990 as part of a stage collaboration with Robert Wilson and Brennan, and are based on the life of Alice Liddell, the young muse who inspired Lewis Carroll’s most famous literary character, Alice. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass have provided ample fodder for literary critics, psychoanalysts, etymologists, and philosophers since their publication in the nineteenth century. Both albums were critically well received, and furthered Waits’s reputation as one of the twentieth century’s most daring, wide-ranging, and creative composers in any field of music. For the 2004 release Real Gone, Waits once again enlisted the aid of guitarist Larry Taylor, and also brought bassist Les Claypool and guitarist Marc Ribot into the mix. Waits’s son, Casey Waits, contributed percussion and turntable duties on an album that, for some critics, seemed to be Waits marking time until real inspiration struck. All Music Guide critic Thom Jurek, while assessing the album as more of an experiment than an aesthetic success, acknowledged that the effort included the song “The Day after Tomorrow,” which Jurek called “one of the most insightful and understated antiwar songs to have been written in decades. It contains not a hint of banality or sentiment in its folksy articulation.” In 2006 Waits cleaned out the garage, attic, basement, tool shed, and fruit cellar of his copious and creative past for Orphans: Brawlers, Bawlers, and Bastards, a three-disc anthology of rare and unreleased songs spanning his entire career. The set was a treasure trove for Waits’s fans looking to complete their collection, but has also served as a terrific Waits • 189

entrée into the oeuvre of one of the most challenging and compelling pop artists since Captain Beefheart.

Selected discography Closing Time, Elektra/Asylum, 1973. The Heart of Saturday Night, Elektra/Asylum, 1974. Nighthawks at the Diner, Elektra/Asylum, 1975. Small Change, Elektra/Asylum, 1976. Foreign Affairs, Elektra/Asylum, 1977. Blue Valentine, Elektra/Asylum, 1978. Heart Attack and Vine, Elektra/Asylum, 1980. Bounced Checks, Elektra/Asylum, 1981. One From the Heart, Columbia, 1982. Swordfishtrombones, Island, 1983. Asylum Years, Elektra/Asylum, 1985. Anthology, Elektra/Asylum, 1985. The Asylum Years, Elektra/Asylum, 1985. Rain Dogs, Island, 1985. Frank’s Wild Years, Island, 1987. Big Time, Island, 1988. Bone Machine, Island, 1992. Night on Earth, Island, 1992. The Black Rider, Island, 1993. Beautiful Maladies: The Island Years, Island, 1998. Mule Variations, Epitaph, 1999. Alice, Epitaph, 2002.


Blood Money, Epitaph, 2002. Real Gone, Epitaph, 2004. Orphans: Brawlers, Bawlers, and Bastards, Epitaph, 2006.

Sources Books MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide, Visible Ink Press, 1999.

Periodicals Billboard, March 20, 1999, p. 11. Magnet, June/July 1999, p. 51. Rolling Stone, June 24, 1999, p. 37. Village Voice, June 1, 1999, p. 76.

Online “Tom Waits,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 26, 1999; March 10, 2007). “Tom Waits ’99: The ATN Interview,” Addicted to Noise, http:// www.addict.com (November 26, 1999). —Lloyd Hemingway and Bruce Walker

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oger Waters rose to prominence as the guiding hand behind the sometimes compellingly philosophical and sometimes bombastic thematic content of Pink Floyd following the departure of the group’s first creative driving force, Syd Barrett. With Barrett at the helm, the group pioneered a style of lyrical whimsy combined with spacey musical backing. Following Barrett’s departure, Waters assumed more and more control of the group’s creative focus, steering the band into lyrical considerations of madness, celebrity, and mortality bolstered by sonic textures that included sustained blues guitar notes, sound effects, spoken word, multi-track overdubs, ethereal synthesizer and jazzy piano. The result was a patented Pink Floyd experience enjoyed by stoners and straights alike, which brought the band international, critical and public acclaim, massive wealth, and continued strife within the band over creative control. Personal conflicts between Waters and the other three members of the band led to the group’s temporary dissolution in the early 1980s. When guitarist David Gilmour reunited the group in the latter part of the decade without Waters, he sparked a legal and very public battle with the group’s conceptualist, bass player, chief lyricist, and self-proclaimed leader. Waters went on to record several solo albums of varying quality, always making sure to enlist such top rock guitar talent as Eric Clapton and Jeff Beck.

Roger Waters

Lisa Maree Willams/Getty Images

Bass player, singer, songwriter

Waters was born in 1943 in Great Bookham, Surrey, England, His father, Eric Fletcher Waters, was a teacher who died at the Battle of Anzio four months after his son’s birth. His father’s death and his upbringing by an overprotective mother, Mary, would become pivotal literary tropes in Waters’s Pink Floyd projects Dark Side of the Moon, The Wall and the subsequent film of the double album, and The Final Cut. Mary Waters moved Roger and his older brother to Cambridge after her husband’s death. Her staunch liberal politics and pacifism deeply impacted her son’s views, and Cambridge proved an intellectually and aesthetically fertile environment in which to raise her children. Waters attended Cambridge County High School for Boys, an experience reflected in the hit single and scathing indictment of the British educational system “Another Brick in the Wall (Part II),” from The Wall. Waters performed poorly in school but managed to strike up a relationship with his classmate Roger Keith (“Syd”) Barrett, with whom he would later form Pink Floyd. Waters was for a time enrolled as a naval cadet. His mother gave him a Spanish guitar when he was 14, but he showed little interest in learning the instrument before his later teen years. After briefly studying mechanical engineering at Manchester University, Waters quit school in 1962 to embark on a hitchhiking tour that took him through Europe and into the Middle East. Upon his return he served an apprenticeship with an architectural firm and enrolled at Regent Street Polytechnic, where he met future Pink Floyd drummer Nick Mason. The duo became close friends, and joined the Cambridge group Waters • 191


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orn George Roger Waters on September 6, 1943, in Great Bookham, Surrey, England; son of Eric

Fletcher (a teacher; killed in World War II) and Mary Waters; attended Cambridge County High School for Boys; studied mechanical engineering at Manchester University. Bassist, vocalist, songwriter for Pink Floyd, 1965-85; recorded first solo album, Music from the Body, with Ron Geesin, 1970; released second solo effort, The Pros and Cons of Hitchhiking, 1984; recorded live version of Pink Floyd opus The Wall, with special guests Sinead O’Connor, Marianne Faithful, Van Morrison, Bryan Adams, Cyndi Lauper, and Joni Mitchell; reunited with all three members of post-Syd Barrett Pink Floyd for an appearance at Live 8, 2005; released opera Ca Ira, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Sony BMG Entertainment, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022-3211.

Sigma 6, which also included future Pink Floyd keyboardist Richard Wright. The group changed its name to the Abdabs (alternating with the Screaming Abdabs, depending on the venue), the Lodgers, and the Tea Set. Performing in the latter group, the trio brought in Barrett as vocalist and rhythm guitarist in 1964. Lead guitarist Bob Klose left the band shortly thereafter, and the remaining quartet gigged frequently around London’s burgeoning blues and psychedelic scene, auditioned unsuccessfully for television programs, and refined their style. Klose, however, had been the band’s most accomplished musician, and his departure forced the group to tailor their sound to their limited instrumental abilities. Barrett filled the void with his singsong nursery rhyme compositions, and the group learned to expand its experimental style. Between 1965 and 1968 the quartet, now known officially as Pink Floyd, became the darlings of the swinging London psychedelic scene, which was noted for brightly colored paisley patterns, long hair, and copious intake of psychotropic drugs. After writing the majority of the songs on the band’s brilliant debut, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, and several songs on the follow-up A Saucerful of Secrets, Barrett was fired by the band due to his increasingly erratic behavior, believed by some to be the result of years of drug abuse and by others as the onset of extreme mental illness. Waters 192 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

stepped into the void left by Barrett and led the band into music that was more and more progressive. The rise of the progressive rock format on American FM radio stations introduced the band, by now featuring the plaintive vocals and guitar playing of Barrett’s old friend David Gilmour, to a whole new audience. Waters’s autocratic style and seemingly boundless energy led the band to increasing levels of fame and critical approval, culminating with the seminal rock album Dark Side of the Moon in 1973. The album’s unprecedented success, however, also had a negative impact on the band. Waters’s lyrical obsessions, abrasive personal style, and autocratic nature alienated him from his band mates. He notoriously belittled the musical abilities of Gilmour, Mason, and Wright as the band tried to match the aesthetic success of Dark Side of the Moon, but met with resignation and indifference at best and bitter resistance at worst. By the time Pink Floyd recorded its two-disc opus The Wall, the band had become not much more than Roger Waters’s group, with occasional songwriting, guitar playing and vocal assistance (notably on “Run Like Hell” and “Comfortably Numb”) from Gilmour. Wright, in fact, had been reduced to a salaried position for touring purposes, and many studio musicians were brought in to realize Waters’s vision. The last Floyd album to feature Waters, The Final Cut, might more accurately have been called the Final Straw, as it was for all practical purposes a Waters solo effort with minimal input from Gilmour. Waters Solo Waters was the first member of Pink Floyd to release a solo album while still a member of the band. Released in 1970, Music from the Body was a film soundtrack collaboration of sorts with experimental composer Ron Geesin. Other members of Pink Floyd also appear uncredited, in addition to female backup singers, giving some advance notice of the direction Pink Floyd would eventually take. For his first post-Floyd venture, 1984’s The Pros and Cons of Hitchhiking, Waters enlisted Eric Clapton and a trio of latter-day Floyd sidemen: Andy Bown, Raphael Ravenscroft, and Michael Kamen, as well as female singers Katie Kissoon, Doreen Chanter, and Madeleine Bell. Waters presented the album concept to Pink Floyd at the same time that he presented the concept for The Wall. When the band chose the latter, Waters shelved the project until after they released The Final Cut. Consisting of lyrical fragments and a barely comprehensible dream narrative, the album flummoxed audiences and critics alike. In 1987 Waters released Radio K.A.O.S., another concept album, this time about a telepathic boy and nuclear war. Although Waters toured to support the album, its lack of identifiable songs failed to excite either fans or critics. Bookended by two live albums,

The Wall Live in Berlin and In the Flesh: Live, the studio album Amused to Death featured stellar guitar work by Jeff Beck on a cautionary grouping of songs about religious fundamentalism, international politics, and Andrew Lloyd Webber, filtered through the consciousness of a gorilla watching the subject matter on a television. Ironically, Waters experienced some of the best reviews of his solo career with the release of his next compositional work, Ca Ira, an operatic rendering of the French Revolution with lyrics by Etienne Roda-Gil and featuring Bryn Terfel as lead vocalist. Other critics were not so kind. Writing in Opera News, critic Joshua Rosenblum noted, “One ends up wishing that, the gravity of its subject notwithstanding, Waters’s first opera had revealed at least a hit of Pink Floyd’s brash, visionary iconoclasm and freshness of invention.” Divorce and Reconciliation Waters’s relationship with Gilmour grew into a fullblown feud in the mid-1980s when the Gilmour announced his plans to record his next album as a Pink Floyd project without the help of the erstwhile bass player. From 1987 to 1994, Gilmour led the remaining members of Pink Floyd and a cadre of hired musicians and backup singers through two studio albums, two successful concert tours, and two live albums. Pink Floyd was able to put aside its rancorous relationships in 2005, when Bob Geldof urged them to re-form for a one-off performance at Live 8 in 2005. The performers seemed cordial with one another, and the old Pink Floyd magic from the mid-1970s was recaptured for a brief moment before the four members once again went their separate ways.

Selected discography With Pink Floyd Saucerful of Secrets, Columbia, 1968. More, Columbia, 1969. Ummagumma, Columbia, 1969. Atom Heart Mother, Columbia, 1970. Meddle, Columbia, 1971. Obscured by Clouds, Columbia, 1972. Dark Side of the Moon, Columbia, 1973. Wish You Were Here, Columbia, 1975. Animals, Columbia, 1977. The Wall, Columbia, 1979. The Final Cut, Columbia, 1983.

Solo albums (With Ron Geesin) Music from the Body, EMI, 1970. The Pros and Cons of Hitchhiking, Columbia, 1984. Radio K.A.O.S., Columbia, 1987. The Wall: Live in Berlin, 1990, Mercury, 1990; reissued with bonus track, UM3, 2003. Amused to Death, Columbia, 1992. In the Flesh: Live, Columbia, 2000. Ca Ira, Sony International, 2005.

Sources Books Manning, Toby, The Rough Guide to Pink Floyd, Rough Guides Ltd., 2006. Mason, Nick, Inside Out: A Personal History of Pink Floyd, Chronicle Books, 2003.

Periodicals Opera News, October 2005.

Despite Waters’s reputation as a difficult and headstrong individual, he is undoubtedly the major architect of some of the most successful rock concept albums of the 1970s. The magic of the music made by Pink Floyd in the 1960s and 1970s clearly overshadows the solo efforts of its individual members, although Waters composed and performed several memorable solo works.

Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (February 12, 2007). —Bruce Walker

Waters • 193

“A wah-wah guitar, a Louisiana drawl, and a lot of local color go into Tony Joe White’s songs,” wrote Jon Pareles of the New York Times. Tony Joe White originated the genre called swamp rock with his 1969 hit “Polk Salad Annie” and other bluesy slices of the Deep South region of the United States. Internationally successful with his own recordings and stark live performances, White is nevertheless perhaps best known for a song that he composed but that has been more famous as interpreted by others—the profoundly sad ballad “Rainy Night in Georgia.”

Tony Joe White

One of seven children, Tony Joe White was born on July 23, 1943, in Goodwill, Louisiana, a crossroads near the small town of Oak Grove. His father was a cotton farmer, and his mother was partly of Native American Cherokee background. “Our nearest neighbor was a mile away,” he recalled to Chris Campion of London’s Daily Telegraph. “The rest was cotton farms and rivers and swamp.” The family was poor, and sometimes they made a meal out of a wild, turnipgreen-like vegetable called polk (or poke) that grew in the area. Music was a do-it-yourself affair. “It’s all anybody had to do for entertainment,” White told Campion. “Every day somebody would grab a guitar and cut into a song.”


Hooked on Lightnin’

Regis Martin/Getty Images

White’s whole family was musical, and for a while he tried to buck the trend by focusing on baseball. When he was about 15, however, his brother gave him a recording by blues guitarist Lightnin’ Hopkins, and he was hooked. After finishing high school he worked for a short time as a highway department dump truck driver in Marietta, Georgia, where his sister and her husband lived. On rainy days, when the highway crews couldn’t work, he practiced his guitar and had the germ of an idea for the song that would become “Rainy Night in Georgia.” In the early 1960s he moved to the Texas Gulf Coast around Corpus Christi, put together a band, began playing local clubs, and finished both “Rainy Night in Georgia” and “Polk Salad Annie.” By 1964 he was appearing in Kingsville, Texas, in a band called Tony White & His Combo.


“I was doing ‘Polk’ every night” at a Corpus Christi club called the Carousel, he recalled to Campion. “People came to dance. And they had those damn weird dances! One was called the alligator—a guy would lay down on the floors, the girl would lay on his back, and they would just crawl around like gators on the floor.” From the start, White’s music was bluesy, low, and stark. At the start he accompanied himself by stamping his foot. When the wah-wah guitar pedal became widely available in the mid-1960s, White quickly acquired one and made it a key part of his sound. He spent most of the 1960s in Corpus Christi, starting a family with his wife, LeAnn. The couple raised two children; one son, Jody, later became White’s manager.


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orn July 23, 1943, in Goodwill, LA; father a cotton farmer; married, LeAnn; two children.

Formed band Tony White & His Combo at age 16; moved to south Texas Gulf Coast, early 1960s; signed to Monument label, released debut single, “Ten More Miles

(produced by country novelty singer Ray Stevens). Success was slow to come in the United States, but in 1968 White’s “Soul Francisco,” a single with pervasive use of the wah-wah pedal, broke through in France when a disc jockey played it on a station in Monte Carlo, Monaco, and received more than 100 phone calls for listeners requesting that it be played again. Monument’s Nashville offices soon began receiving telegrams from France asking for copies of the record and requesting interviews with White.

to Louisiana,” 1966; recorded “Soul Francisco” single, 1968; released “Polk Salad Annie” single, 1969; Brook Benton recorded composition “Rainy Night in Georgia,” 1970; recorded for Warner Bros., early 1970s; recorded

Even as his American career went through ups and downs, White remained popular in Europe and frequently toured there. He also developed a strong fan base in Australia.

for 20th Century Fox, Casablanca, and Columbia labels; composed songs for and performed on Tina Turner album Foreign Affair, 1989; numerous tours of Europe and Australia; European releases, including The Path of a Decent Groove, Lake Placid Blues, and One Hot July, 1990s; released The Heroines (album of duets with female vocalists), 2004; released Uncovered, 2006. Awards: “Rainy Night in Georgia” named to Rolling Stone magazine list of 500 Greatest Songs of All Time (No. 498), 2004. Addresses: Management office—JD White Management, Inc., 2306 Sterling Rd., Nashville, TN 37215. Website—Tony Joe White Official Website: http:// www.tonyjoewhite.com.

As fashions changed and gigs diversified, Tony White & His Combo became Tony Joe and the Mojos or Tony’s Twilights. The former group may have recorded a few songs for the local J-Beck label, and in 1966 White made a more serious try at breaking into recordings by driving to Nashville and knocking on doors. Staying at a boarding house and mingling with musicians in the city’s Lower Broadway district, he heard many discouraging words. But he struck gold when he showed up at the office of Combine Music publisher Bob Beckham, who agreed to listen to his songs and was impressed by his deep blues sound. European Connection Beckham quickly steered White to a recording studio and toward the Monument label. Tony Joe White singles began to appear intermittently on Monument, beginning with “Ten More Miles to Louisiana” in 1966

European listeners focused on the local Louisiana color of some of White’s songs; German fans dubbed him the Swamp Fox, and according to Campion, “the French coined the term ‘swamp rock’ to describe his music, a stew of mythical blues storytelling and R&B rhythms, spiced up with White’s soul grunts and hoodoo murmurs.” White got the opportunity to record more of his own compositions when Monument prepared to issue his first LP, Black & White, in 1969. That album contained “Polk Salad Annie,” which entered the U.S. pop Top Ten and became White’s biggest hit. The song told of “a girl that I swear to the world made the alligators look tame.” “Polk Salad Annie” was one of a group of portraits and story songs steeped in the Deep South lore of White’s boyhood. Subsequent releases in the same vein, such as the comic “Roosevelt and Ira Lee,” had only moderate success in the United States, although some became hits in England and France. Such vivid songs as “They Caught the Devil and Put Him in Jail in Eudora, Arkansas” failed to catch fire commercially, but they continued to fascinate listeners familiar with White’s music. His early Monument recordings, never pressed in large quantities, later became collectors’ items. White moved to the Warner Bros. label for the album Tony Joe White in 1971. Better known than any of White’s own recordings was his song “Rainy Night in Georgia,” which he had written in Corpus Christi. He thought little of the slow ballad at first, but his wife persuaded him to record a demo that found its way (through Nashville songwriter Donnie Fritts) to Atlantic label producer Jerry Wexler. When South Carolina R&B singer Brook Benton heard the song, he recalled that “Something grabbed me,” according to Howard Pousner of the Atlanta JournalConstitution. Benton’s soulful recording of the song, which a critic quoted by Pousner called “one of the most perfect musical expressions of melancholy,” topped Billboard magazine’s black singles chart in 1970 and reached the pop Top Five. By late 2006 it had

White • 195

been recorded 222 times, by singers ranging from R&B legend Ray Charles, reggae vocalist Lord Tanamo, country singers Tennessee Ernie Ford and Hank Williams Jr., and Nelson Riddle and his orchestra. Toured With Top Acts Touring with such acts as Steppenwolf, Sly and the Family Stone, and Creedence Clearwater Revival in the early 1970s, White maintained a successful career despite his status in the music industry as a maverick who wasn’t easily influenced by the latest trends. His European tours took him as far afield as Belgium and Sweden. In the late 1970s and 1980s, however, with electronic pop dance genres on the rise in popularity, White’s fortunes suffered. He recorded albums for the disco-oriented 20th Century (Eyes) and Casablanca (Real Thang) labels with little success, and then moved to Columbia’s Nashville division for 1983’s Dangerous. For several years in the mid-1980s, White was mostly out of the music business. White’s comeback began with a boost from R&B singer Tina Turner, who featured him as producer, songwriter, and instrumentalist on her 1989 album Foreign Affair. He released a series of albums in Europe, including Closer to the Truth (1991) and The Path of a Decent Groove (1993). With 1998’s One Hot July, White was back on the roster of a major label (Polygram), but the album’s U.S. release was sidetracked when the company’s American imprint, Mercury, was reorganized. Even with this setback, White’s American career benefited from the growth of the Americana and alternative country music categories. His 2004 Sanctuary label release The Heroines paired him in duets with iconoclastic country female vocalists such as Emmylou Harris, Shelby Lynne, and Lucinda Williams. Noting that “seminal swamp-rocker White still possesses the same languid drawl, dry humor, and spiky guitar style that drove his 1969 hit ‘Polk Salad Annie,’” Entertainment Weekly reviewer Scott Schinder praised the way the female singers “complement his laid-back authority, while the stripped-down arrangements enhance the steamy Southern soul vibe.” White released his album Uncovered in 2006, featuring a remake, one he had long wanted to record, of “Rainy Night in Georgia.” His status as a legendary musical survivor was cemented by the release that year of Swamp Music, a boxed set of his collected Monument recordings. In 2007 he performed at the New Orleans


Jazz Festival and planned a tour of Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.

Selected discography Black and White, Monument, 1969. Continued, Monument, 1969. Tony Joe, Monument, 1970. Tony Joe White, Warner Bros., 1971. Live in Europe 1971, 1971. The Train I’m On, Warner Bros., 1972. Home Made Ice Cream, Warner Bros., 1973. Eyes, 20th Century, 1976. Real Thang, Casablanca, 1980. Dangerous, Columbia, 1983. Closer to the Truth, Remark, 1991. The Path of a Decent Groove, IMS, 1993. Lake Placid Blues, IMS, 1995. Groupy Girl, BCD, 1998. One Hot July, Polygram, 1998. In Concert, Brilliant, 2000. Beginning, Swamp, 2001. Snakey, Swamp, 2002. The Heroines, Sanctuary, 2004. Live from Austin, TX, New West, 2004. Uncovered, Swamp, 2006. Swamp Music: The Complete Monument Recordings, Rhino, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Atlanta Journal-Constitution, October 1, 2006, p. L2. Daily News (Los Angeles, CA), April 2, 1999, p. L21. Daily Telegraph (London, England), December 30, 2006, p. 16. Entertainment Weekly, October 22, 2004, p. 96. International Herald Tribune, June 2, 1999, p. 11. New York Times, November 24, 2006, p. E22. Sing Out!, Spring 2007, p. 163. Sunday Life (Belfast, U.K.), October 15, 2006, p. 46.

Online “A Conversation with Tony Joe White,” http://www.puremusic. com/pdf/tjw.pdf (April 8, 2007). “Tony Joe White,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 8, 2007). —James M. Manheim

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rash, talented, and unpredictable, singersongwriter Amy Winehouse made waves on the contemporary jazz and soul scene by doing things her own way. Over the course of three years, she recorded two well-received albums, Frank in 2003 and Back to Black in 2006, and charted with the single “Rehab.” Although Winehouse was only 20 when Frank was released, critics have compared her weathered, gritty style to classic 1940s jazz. “It has been suggested many times of many different singers,” wrote John Aizlewood in London’s Evening Standard, “but Winehouse might just be the female vocalist to kickstart British music.”

Amy Winehouse

Winehouse has also attracted attention for her rowdy and erratic behavior, both on and off stage. Her apparent intoxication and poor performance at several concerts led to criticism in the press, as well as the nickname Amy “Wino.” Winehouse, however, remained oblivious to criticism, determined to follow her own path. “I’m a musician. I’m not someone who’s trying to be diplomatic, you know, trying to get my 15 minutes,” she told Sara McDonnell in Music OHM. “I’m just a musician who is honest.”

Singer, songwriter

Dave Hogan/Getty Images

Winehouse was born on September 14, 1983, to Russian Jewish parents in Enfield, Middlesex, England. Her father was a taxi driver and a lover of jazz, who left the family when Winehouse was nine; her mother worked as a pharmacist. From an early age, the Winehouse home was filled with the music of Julie London and Dean Martin, and one of her uncles played jazz professionally. Winehouse attended London’s Sylvia Young Theatre School, but was expelled for wearing a nose ring. “The thing about stage school,” she told McDonnell, “is that it doesn’t necessarily prepare you or train you for your skills.” Next she attended an all-girls’ school, where she learned to play piano. When her brother Alex left for college, he gave his 16-year-old sister his jazz collection. Winehouse immersed herself in the music, although she later expanded her musical tastes to TLC and Salt-N-Pepa during her rebellious teen years. Winehouse planned for a career in music, but estimated that she would be 30 before she had signed a contract with a major label and recorded her first album. Her timeline accelerated when a school friend, already beginning his music career, passed along a demo of Winehouse to his management. In 2002 the agency Brilliant 19 signed the young singer, and the following year she signed to Island Records. Winehouse, at 20, was on the verge of reaching her goal. Island released Frank in 2003, and the album was short-listed for the prestigious Mercury Award. The title referred to one of her idols, Frank Sinatra, but the music abruptly departed from her mentor’s style. Combining jazz, R&B, and hip-hop, Winehouse melded these influences into a distinct style that retained its

Winehouse • 197


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orn Amy Winehouse on September 14, 1983, in Enfield, Middlesex, England.

Signed with Island Records and released Frank, 2003; released Back to Black, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Island Records, 825 Eighth Ave., New York, NY 10019, website: http:// www6.islandrecords.com/site/home.php.

rough, soulful edge. Her subject matter also ranged from the ordinary to the incendiary. “October Song” memorialized her dead canary that she had buried in a Chanel sunglasses box. Other songs, such as “Stronger Than Me,” explored troubled relationships with the opposite sex. Winehouse’s skill as a writer shared the stage with her rough, expressive vocal style. Dan Cairns wrote in the London Sunday Times, “It is no exaggeration to state that the voice with which Winehouse articulates this mental warfare is one of the most extraordinary to be heard in pop music for years.” Winehouse released her second album, Back to Black, in 2006, and the critics greeted the album warmly. Unlike Frank, Back to Black climbed the European Hot 100 chart, spawning the single “Rehab.” “It’s a terrific album,” wrote Peter Ross in the Glasgow Sunday Herald, “a modern take on a Sixties soul sound, smooth stuff given a jagged edge by lyrics which deal with alcoholism, sexual compulsion, loneliness and the inevitability of infidelity.” The new album also found Winehouse expanding her style. “Although Back to Black does see her deserting jazz and wholly embracing contemporary R&B, all the best parts of her musical character emerge intact,” wrote John Bush in All Music Guide. Winehouse continued to write her own material, exploring the dynamics of personal relationships as she had on Frank. “I wouldn’t say I’m a feminist,” she told Chloe Diski in the London Observer, “but I don’t like girls pretending to be stupid because it’s easier.” Despite critical and popular success, her managers worried that Winehouse’s erratic behavior would eclipse her music. In 2006 her management requested she enter rehab for alcohol abuse. Instead, Winehouse recorded “Rehab,” a song detailing her refusal to join rehab, and changed management. While the single rose on the charts, it was Winehouse’s behavior–not her music–that grabbed headlines. At the beginning of


2007, an appearance at London’s G.A.Y. club ended after the singer had completed only one song. “It marked a new low for the singer,” noted John Dingwall in the Glasgow Daily Record, “and marks the latest shameful episode in a career which has been beset by problems caused by drink, drugs and bulimia.” While personal demons have marred Winehouse’s success, she continues to tour, write new songs, and push toward new musical horizons. “It’s important to remember that despite all the mocking headlines,” wrote Ross, “Winehouse is all about music.ѧFor her, music is sacred–when she is making it or listening to it she is safe within a magic circle, a pure, profound and healing space.” Charting her own artistic path, Winehouse has remained immune to the lures of fame and fortune. “My ambitions,” she told Aizlewood, “are different to the management and the record company’s.ѧI don’t care about all that pop stuff and I couldn’t go to the Smash Hits poll winners’ party without bringing a gun.” While Winehouse’s sharp tongue and wayward ways have offended many, it is the same independent outlook that informs her music, providing each song with a distinct edge. “My attitude has changed,” Winehouse told Chitra Ramaswamy in Scotland on Sunday. “I never used to believe that I’d get anywhere and thought people wouldn’t like me.ѧBut now I’m a lot more inclined to think that the world is yours if you want to take it.”

Selected discography Frank, Island, 2003. Back to Black, Island, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), January 8, 2007. Evening Standard (London, England), October 24, 2003. Observer (London, England), October 8, 2006. Scotland on Sunday, November 12, 2006. Sunday Herald (Glasgow, Scotland), January 7, 2007. Sunday Times (London, England), October 5, 2003.

Online “Amy Winehouse,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/ (January 9, 2007). “Amy Winehouse–Frank About All that Jazz,” MusicOMH. com, http://www.musicomh.com/ (January 9, 2007). —Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr.

F

rom a world of hustling drugs, cars, and whatever he could get his hands on, Young Jeezy turned a life of crime into a lucrative music career. Out of the hip-hop hotbed of Atlanta, Georgia, and on the basis of his self-distributed mixtapes, Young Jeezy developed one of the strongest street followings an unsigned MC could have. His presence and potential was felt by both Jay-Z and Diddy (formerly known as Puff Daddy), who later signed the aspiring rapper to respective record deals. With the release of Jeezy’s 2005 Def Jam debut, Let’s Get it: Thug Motivation 101, Jeezy earned a top spot in the MC elite. With his trademark slow southern drawl and fresh beats from some of the hottest hip-hop producers, Jeezy exposed his hustling past through clever stories and rousing rhymes. With a nickname of the Snowman, the former street hustler raps about the continual hustle that people face every day, whether on the street or in the schools. “With his rumbling, slurring baritone and unyielding force of will, he rhymes with a preacher’s power,” wrote Oliver Wang in the Los Angeles Times, “only he’s proselytizing from the corner, not the pulpit.”

Young Jeezy

Born Jay Jenkins on October 12, 1977, in Columbia, South Carolina, rapper Jeezy grew up in Atlanta, moving back and forth between his mother and father, grandparents and various relatives who would take him. In his early teens he left his family to make money on the streets. For Jeezy, that usually meant selling stolen goods or drugs (especially cocaine) to the highest bidder. At the turn of the twenty-first century, after years of living hard, Jeezy recognized that if he didn’t make a change in his life, he might have no life to live. “I woke up one morning and went cold turkey, for real,” he told Peter Rubin in XXL. “I turned my back on everything I knew, literally.”

Rap musician, songwriter

Peter Kramer/Getty Images

Before he became a rapper, Jeezy launched his own record label, Corporate Thugz Entertainment, and promoted records from Cash Money. He had his foot in the door, but it wasn’t fulfilling. “So I just decided to do it myself,” he stated on his official Def Jam website. “Ain’t nobody gonna go as hard as you gonna go. I saw the bigger picture at the time. I have a way with words and I know how to hustle.” While his hustling had stopped on the streets, Jeezy saw the music business hustle as just another way to get ahead. He knew the streets and how to speak to them; all he had to do was set it to some beats. “The streets taught me how to be a man. I took what the streets gave me and I made something out of nothing; a lot out of a little,” he told Nooreen Kara of The Situation. In 2001, under the name Lil’ J, and through Corporate Thugz, Jeezy released Thuggin’ Under the Influence. With an assortment of local MCs and producers, Jeezy tapped into the underground mixtape circuit, a route where many rappers begin to capture a fanbase. In 2003, with DJ Drama, Jeezy released and sold thousands of copies of his mixtapes, including Tha Streetz Iz Watchin. Following the release of his 2003 disc Young Jeezy • 199


B

orn Jay Jenkins on October 12, 1977, in Columbia, SC.

Under the name Lil’ J, released Thuggin’ Under the Influence, 2004; under the name Young Jeezy, released Come Shop Wit’ Me, 2003; with Boyz N da Hood, released Boyz N da Hood, 2005; signed to Def Jam, released solo debut Let’s Get It: Thug Motivation 101, 2005; released The Inspiration: Thug Motivation 102, 2006. Awards: Billboard, R&B/Hip-Hop Award, for New R&B/Hip-Hop Artist, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Def Jam, 8920 Sunset Blvd, 2nd Flr., Los Angeles, CA 90069; and 825 8th Ave., 29th Flr., New York, NY 10019, website: Def Jam Official Website: http://www.defjam.com. Website— Young Jeezy Official Website: http://www.youngjeezy. com.

Come Shop Wit’ Me and 2005’s Trap of Die, label heads Jay-Z and Diddy flew to Atlanta to catch Jeezy in action. “I don’t just do music for the clubs. I do music for the struggle,” Jeezy affirmed on the Def Jam website. “I do music for ѧ the kids who ain’t got no sense of direction. I’m trying to restore some of the morals back into the game, as far as the street.” In 2005 Jeezy signed on with Diddy’s Bad Boy label to record a record with the gangster rap group Boyz N da Hood, and with Def Jam for a solo album. Bad Boy released Boyz N da Hood in June of 2005; by July it was number five on the Billboard 200 chart. However, the group’s debut was completely overshadowed a few weeks later by the release of Jeezy’s Def Jam debut. In July Def Jam promoted Jeezy’s Def Jam solo record Let’s Get It: Thug Motivation 101. The album debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 chart, and eventually sold over 1.7 million copies. The production was “fueled by big, martial beats and brassy synth lines, along with a lethal combo of dope-boy koans and laconic ad-libs,” according to Rubin. Jeezy told Kara, “I know what I want to say; it’s like ghetto gospel, being a motivational speaker. If I was in front of a group of people, I would say the same thing.” His mass appeal reached listeners with the single “Soul Survivor,” featuring singer Akon. The number four song was followed by other hit singles, including the Mannie Fresh200 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61

produced “And Then What,” a remix of “Go Crazy,” featuring Jay-Z and the ghetto vibrations of “My Hood” and “Trap Star.” From the inner cities to the easy suburbs, Jeezy was recognized by his music and trademark style. Def Jam came up with a cartoon drawing of a snowman for the MC’s official logo. The icy snowman fronted Jeezy’s album and merchandise—a symbol to recognize the ultimate hustler. Critics, parents and even fans didn’t know if the snowman was a nod to Jeezy’s cocaine dealing past or all of his iced jewelry. When T-shirts emblazoned with the recognizable snowman were worn in suburban high schools, students began to get suspended and the logo was banned as a sign of cocaine. “You can’t just look at the snowman and say that it glorifies one thing,” he explained to Kara. “It doesn’t glorify drug use, it glorifies the ultimate hustler, the struggle, the movement, the people who ain’t got it and are trying to get it.” The controversy only legitimized Jeezy as one of the most popular rappers in the business. In the Los Angeles Times Wang wrote that Jeezy, “possesses a swaggering sense of certitude that elevates otherwise pedestrian tales into impressively aureate anthems.” At the close of 2005 the New York Times named Let’s Get It as the Pop Album of the Year. In the year following Let’s Get It, more and more rappers from the south were emerging with a sound very similar to Jeezy’s. The MC aimed to handle the copycats with the recording of his sophomore record at Atlanta’s Patchwerk Studios. Inviting some of the best in the R&B and hip-hop world to assist him, Jeezy worked with Timbaland, R. Kelly, Ludcaris, Snoop Dogg, Three 6 Mafia, T.I., G-Unit’s Young Buck, and singer Keisha Cole. To promote his new record, Jeezy sponsored an essay contest to Atlanta high school seniors. “The Inspiration Essay Contest” offered local seniors the chance to win a $1,000 college scholarship. In December of 2006 The Inspiration: Thug Motivation 102 debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart. The record’s first single, “I Luv It,” had a classic Jeezy boldness, and the remainder of the album showed an accomplished MC at work with some of the best talent in the music industry. Considering himself more of a motivational speaker than just a rapper, Jeezy has said he aims to leave a mark in the world, and not be just a passing fad. “Tupac was one of the realest. And everybody bought his records ’cause he was that type of dude. I want to be in that position,” he admitted to Bonsu Thompson in XXL.

Selected discography (As Lil’ J) Thuggin’ Under the Influence, Corporate Thugz, 2001.

Come Shop Wit’ Me, Corporate Thugz, 2003. (With Boyz N da Hood) Boyz N da Hood, Bad Boy, 2005. Let’s Get It: Thug Motivation 101, Def Jam, 2005. The Inspiration: Thug Motivation 102, Def Jam, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, December 16, 2006. Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2006. XXL Magazine, October, 2005; January, 2007.

Online “Young Jeezy,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusicguide. com (February 15, 2007). Young Jeezy Official Def Jam Website, http://www.defjam. com/site/artist_bio.php?artist_id=567 (February 15, 2007). “Young Jeezy: Putting His Mouth Where His Money Is,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/bands/y/young_jeezy/ young_jeezy_inw_050801/ (February 15, 2007). “Young Jeezy,” The Situation, http://www.thesituation.co.uk/ us_interviews/06/young_jeezy/young_jeezy.html (February 15, 2007). —Shannon McCarthy

Young Jeezy • 201

T

he fame of youthful singer Tata Young has spread outward from her native Thailand. Termed “Asia’s version of Britney Spears” by the Cincinnati Post, which noted “catchy pop tunes you hear once and can’t get out of your head, stiletto heels and a dash of scantily clad, gyrating naughtiness,” Young conquered not only Thai entertainment markets but also those around Southeast and East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Indonesia. With the release of her I Believe and Temperature Rising albums, she set her sights on becoming one of the first vocalists of Asian background to achieve major stardom in the United States.

Tata Young

Young had an advantage in striving for that goal, for her background was partly American. She was born Tata Amita Marie Young in Thailand on December 14, 1980, to an American father and a Thai mother. The name Tata came from that of a well known industrial conglomerate in India; work had taken her father to India before she was born, and he saw that name on billboards all over the country and liked it. Young would achieve spectacular success in Thailand, but with her long light brown hair she was somewhat exotic even for Thai audiences, and her seeming lack of strong national identification proved a boon to her career. “Wherever I go in Asia, I can easily adapt to the culture,” Young observed in an International Herald Tribune interview reproduced on the Asia Africa Intelligence Wire. “This means that my true nature is ‘Asian.’” Her English, learned from her father, has a Midwestern American accent.

Singer

MJ Kim/Getty Images

After a childhood that she described on her website as “filled with singing and dancing,” Young entered the Thailand Junior Singing Contest at age 11 and emerged victorious over 5,300 other young hopefuls. That brought her a contract with the Yamaha Music management agency, and when she was 14 she was signed to Grammy Entertainment, Thailand’s largest label. Her debut album, Amita Tata Young, was released in 1995 and reportedly topped sales of one million copies in the space of five months. The title of her second album, Tata 1,000,000 Copies Celebration, reflected that triumph and duplicated its predecessor’s success. Just 15, Young was generally accounted as Thailand’s biggest pop star.


Young released several more albums in Thailand (in the Thai language) in the late 1990s, and all were substantial successes. By the mid-2000s it was reported that she had sold some 12 million albums, about one for every five people in Thailand. But from early in her career she showed a desire to branch out beyond the status of Thai pop star. She began to appear in non-Thai venues, giving a 1996 concert at the Hollywood Palladium and then representing Thailand in 1997 at the ceremony in which the territory of Hong Kong was handed over from Britain to China. That year she appeared in the film The Red Bike Story, which became the best-attended Thai film up to that time. She appeared in several more films, performed at the


B

orn December 14, 1980, in Thailand; only daughter of an American father and a Thai mother.

Awards: Elle magazine, named one of Thailand’s 10 Most Influential People, 1997; named one of 25 most influential trendsetters in Asia, 1998; Cosmopolitan Magazine Award for Fun, Fearless Female, 2000; MTV Immies: Indian Music Excellence, award for Best International Female Pop Act, 2004; FHM magazine, 100 Sexiest Women in the World award (Thai edition), 2005, 2006; MTV Asia Awards, Favorite Artist, Thailand, 2006. Addresses: Management—McGhee Entertainment, Ste. 200, 8730 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90069. Website—Tata

Young

Official

Website:

http://www.

tatayoung.com.

opening ceremonies of the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, and began to rack up awards such as the Fun, Fearless Female Award from the Thai edition of Cosmopolitan magazine (2000). Soon Young’s tours were taking her to Singapore, Hong Kong, Indonesia, and Japan, as well as putting her before English-speaking audiences in Australia. Another English language breakthrough came in India, where Young enjoyed a hit with the soundtrack to the Bollywood film Dhoom Dhoom. She quickly learned to appeal to new audiences. “Whenever I first visit an Asian country, I don’t feel as if it’s the first time,” she told the International Herald Tribune. “I learn the language quickly. Even Japanese, I understand some of it, although I can’t speak it.” Like Britney Spears, Young showed a knack for stirring controversy, and thus gaining valuable publicity, by making outrageous comments while maintaining an outwardly wholesome image. She told a Times of India interviewer that the requirements of the “casting couch” were “just another step on the road to stardom.” In Thailand, Young faced some criticism from cultural conservatives. “People who go to her concerts don’t go to listen to her music but are wasting a lot of money to see breasts, hips, a belly, and a butt that can dance,” former Thai senator Rabiabrat Pongpanich said in an interview quoted by the Cincinnati Post. A well publicized but brief romance with Thai tennis star Paradorn Srichaphan added to Young’s renown. In the mid-2000s, Young set her sights on American stardom. Her first move was to travel to Sweden to record with the Hitvision production duo of Henrik

Andersson and Martin Ankelius; Britney Spears, whom Young emulated in some respects, had also recorded her first album with a mostly Swedish production team. The result was Young’s 2004 album I Believe, released in 2004. Young enjoyed more international success with the gold-digger-themed leadoff single “Sexy, Naughty, Bitchy,” with the title itself stirring up controversy in parts of Southeast Asia. In the United States the album saw minimal chart action, but Young was undiscouraged. She expressed a desire to collaborate with rappers 50 Cent and Chingy. That ambition was not realized on Young’s next album, 2006’s Temperature Rising, but she did attract compositional contributions from top-notch songwriters such as Diane Warren and Natasha Bedingfield. Swedishborn, Los Angeles-based Adam Anders, who had previously worked with the Backstreet Boys, served as producer. “People who represent me have made a lot of people famous ѧ like, come on, Jennifer Lopez, Beyonce, you name them all,” Young confidently told the Cincinnati Post. The album was launched with a steamy video for its first single, “El Nin-YO,” in which, noted Asia Image, Young “crawls felinely on all fours, demonstrates some nifty dance moves around a chair a la Madonna, licks her reflection on the mirror, yanks a showerhead off the wall, pops a strawberry ever so deliciously into her mouth, and proceeds to do some serious gyrations on the king-sized bed, declaring that she’s ‘burning up in here.’” With an international team of video artists, producers, and songwriters in her corner, the slender Thai-American sensation seemed on the brink of international stardom.

Selected discography Amita Tata Young, 1995. Tata 1,000,000 Copies Celebration, 1995. 6–2–12, 1996. (with Mos) The Red Bike Story, soundtrack, 1997. Amazing Tata, 1997. Tata Remix, 1998. The Very Best of Tata, 2000. Real TT, 2003. Real Love, 2004. I Believe (English), Toshiba EMI, 2004. Dhoom Dhoom, soundtrack (English soundtrack to Indian film), King, 2004. Dangerous Tata, Sony, 2005. Best of Tata Young, 2006. Temperature Rising, Sony BMG, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Asia Africa Intelligence Wire, March 19, 2004; May 1, 2004; May 20, 2004; May 28, 2005. Asia Image, October-November 2006, p. 16.

Young • 203

Cincinnati Post, October 3, 2006, p. C10. Times of India, July 2, 2006.

Online “Biography,” Tata Young Official Website, http://www. tatayoung.com (February 25, 2007).


“Singer of the Week: Tata Young,” AskMen.com http://www. askmen.com/women/singer_250/269_tata_young.html (February 25, 2007). “Tata Young,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 25, 2007). —James M. Manheim

Cumulative Subject Index Volume numbers appear in bold

A cappella Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Cole, Jim 54 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Fairfield Four 49 Golden Gate Quartet 25 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Moxy Früvous 45 Nylons, The 6 Persuasions, The 47 Rockapella 34 Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Zap Mama 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Accordion Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Galliano, Richard 58 Jocque, Beau 51 Jordan, Esteban 49 Oliveros, Pauline 47 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Richard, Zachary 9

Autechre 35 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Boards of Canada 44 Carlos, Wendy 46 Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Cibelle 59 Cinematic Orchestra 52 Clark, Anne 32 Collins, Sandra 41 Cox, Carl 43 Crystal Method, The 35 Deep Forest 18 Dimitri from Paris 43 Dirty Vegas 48 DJ Spooky 51 808 State 31 Esthero 58 Frankie J. 58 Front Line Assembly 20 Future Sound of London 41 Goldfrapp 59 Gus Gus 26 Hawtin, Richie 45 Holmes, David 31 KMFDM 18 Kraftwerk 9 Lamb 38 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Lords of Acid 20 Man or Astroman? 21 May, Derrick 51 Mouse On Mars 32 Múm 50 Neu! 32

Tobin, Amon 32 2 Unlimited 18 Underworld 26 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Villalobos, Ricardo 53 Zero 7 49

Bandoneon Piazzolla, Astor 18 Saluzzi, Dino 23 Troilo, Aníbal 58

Banjo Boggs, Dock 25 Bromberg, David 18 Brown, Alison 44 Clark, Roy 1 Crowe, J.D. 5 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lang, Eddie 60 McCoury, Del 15 Piazzolla, Astor 18 Scruggs, Earl 3 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Nightmares on Wax 51

Bass

Oakenfold, Paul 32

Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Hinton, Milt 33 Holland, Dave 27 Johnson, Marc 58 Kaye, Carol 22 King, Chris Thomas 43 Kowald, Peter 32 Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Laswell, Bill 14 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Love, Laura 20 Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22 McBride, Christian 17 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The Meyer, Edgar 40 Miller, Marcus 38 Mingus, Charles 9 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Parker, William 31 Peacock, Gary 48 Silva, Alan 45 Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Sweet, Matthew 9 13th Floor Elevators 47 Tisdale, Wayman 61 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Watt, Mike 22 Weber, Eberhard 41 Wells, Bill 34 Whitaker, Rodney 20

Ambient/Rave/Techno

Sasha 39

Allien, Ellen 55

Shadow, DJ 19

Brown, Ray 21 Carter, Ron 14 Chambers, Paul 18 Clarke, Stanley 3 Cohen, Avishai 42 Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Dixon, Willie 10

Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Sheep on Drugs 27

Fell, Simon H. 32

Slater, Luke 38

Fender, Leo 10

Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Atkins, Juan 52

Tall Paul 36

Friesen, David 41

Atomic Fireballs, The 27

Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Simien, Terrance 12 Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Orb, The 18 Phoenix 59 Propellerheads 26 Röyksopp 57 Russell, Arthur 50

205

Big Band/Swing Andrews Sisters, The 9 Anthony, Ray 60 Arnaz, Desi 8

206 • Cumulative Subject Index Bailey, Pearl 5 Basie, Count 2 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Pure Prairie League Berrigan, Bunny 2 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Blakey, Art 11 Brown, Lawrence 23 Burns, Ralph 37 Calloway, Cab 6 Carter, Benny 3 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Como, Perry 14 Cornell, Don 30 Cugat, Xavier 23 DeFranco, Buddy 31 Dorsey Brothers, The 8 Eckstine, Billy 1 Eldridge, Roy 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Fountain, Pete 7 Getz, Stan 12 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Goodman, Benny 4 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Herman, Woody 12 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Jacquet, Illinois 17 James, Harry 11 Jones, Spike 5 Jordan, Louis 11 Krupa, Gene 13 Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32 Lee, Peggy 8 Lombardo, Guy 60 Madness 27 McGuire Sisters, The 27 McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16 Miller, Glenn 6 Norvo, Red 12 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Parker, Charlie 5 Prima, Louis 18 Puente, Tito 14 Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26 Rich, Buddy 13

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Stafford, Jo 24 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Teagarden, Jack 10 Torme, Mel 4 Vaughan, Sarah 2 Welk, Lawrence 13 Whiteman, Paul 17

Stanley Brothers, The 17 Stuart, Marty 9 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Welch, Gillian 33 Wiseman, Mac 19

Bluegrass

Blues

Auldridge, Mike 4 Baldassari, Butch 43 Bering Strait 57 Bluegrass Patriots 22 Blue Highway 41 Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Clarence 58 Clement, Jack 57 Clements, Vassar 18 Country Gentlemen, The 7 Crowe, J.D. 5 Dickens, Hazel 35 Flatt, Lester 3 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Front Range 43 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 See also Pure Prairie League Grisman, David 17 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Haynie, Aubrey 46 IIIrd Tyme Out 40 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Krebs, Pete 43 Lewis, Laurie 56 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Lynn Morris Band 40 Martin, Jimmy 5 Also see Osborne Brothers, The McCoury, Del 15 McReynolds, Jim and Jesse 12 Meyer, Edgar 40 Monroe, Bill 1

Adams, Alberta 57 Allison, Luther 21 Ayler, Albert 19 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Baldry, Long John 51 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Benoit, Tab 31 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Bishop, Elvin 41 Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12 Block, Rory 18 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blues Brothers, The 3 Boggs, Dock 25 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Broonzy, Big Bill 13 Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11 Brown, Clarence 58 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War

Nashville Bluegrass Band 14 New Grass Revival, The 4 Nickel Creek 40 Northern Lights 19 O’Brien, Tim 39 O’Connor, Mark 1

Burnside, R. L. 34 Cale, J. J. 16 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Cassidy, Eva 35 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The

Osborne Brothers, The 8

Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Roomful of Blues 7

Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers

Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Royal Crown Revue 33

Railroad Earth 51

Cotton, James 35

Scott, Jimmy 14

Reverend Horton Heat 19

Setzer, Brian 32

Rowan, Peter 51

Cowboy Junkies 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Severinsen, Doc 1

Scruggs, Earl 3

Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Seldom Scene, The 4

Rodney, Red 14

Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Squirrel Nut Zippers 20

Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Davis, Guy 53

Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Davis, Reverend Gary 18

Davis, Jimmie 53 Diddley, Bo 3

Dixon, Willie 10 Dr. John 7 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Estes, John 25 Everlast 27 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Ford, Robben 54 Ford, T-Model 41 Foster, Willie 36 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fulson, Lowell 20 Gatton, Danny 16 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Handy, W. C. 7 Harris, Corey 41 Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27 Hart, Beth 29 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Holiday, Billie 6 Holmes Brothers, The 35 Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 House, Son 11 Howlin’ Wolf 6 Indigenous 31 James, Elmore 8 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jenkins, Johnny 60 Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, Ella 50 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Robert 6 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Joplin, Janis 3 Kimbrough, Junior 41 King, Albert 2 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Chris Thomas 43 King, Freddy 17 Korner, Alexis 51 Lang, Jonny 27 Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32 LaVette, Bettye 58 Leadbelly 6 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lee, Alvin 59 Lewis, Furry 26 Little Feat 4 Little Walter 14 Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Los Lonely Boys 61

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Mack, Lonnie 37 Mayall, John 7 McClennan, Tommy 25 McClinton, Delbert 14 McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McLean, Dave 24 McShann, Jay 41 McTell, Blind Willie 17 Memphis Jug Band 25 Memphis Minnie 25 Mo’, Keb’ 52 Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Muldaur, Maria 18 North Mississippi Allstars 39 Owens, Jack 30 Patton, Charley 11 Perkins, Pinetop 54 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Professor Longhair 6 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Redding, Otis 5 Reed, Jimmy 15 Rich, Charlie 3 Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35 Robertson, Robbie 2 Robillard, Duke 49 Roomful of Blues 7 Rush, Otis 12 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shines, Johnny 14 Smith, Bessie 3 Snow, Phoebe 4 Spann, Otis 18 Spivey, Victoria 44 Strehli, Angela 58 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tampa Red 25 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Otis 60 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Thornton, Big Mama 18 Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, T-Bone 5 Wallace, Sippie 6 Washington, Dinah 5 Waters, Ethel 11 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Wells, Junior 17 Weston, Randy 15 White, Bukka 57 White, Josh 55 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whittaker, Hudson 20 Williams, Jody 51 Williams, Joe 11 Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Wilson, Gerald 19 Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 Yancey, Jimmy 54 ZZ Top 2

Cajun/Zydeco Adcock, C.C. 52 Balfa, Dewey 49 Balfa Toujours 54 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Beausoleil 37 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11 Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Doucet, Michael 8 Hackberry Ramblers 43 Jocque, Beau 51 Landreth, Sonny 16 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Richard, Zachary 9 Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Savoy, Ann 47 Simien, Terrance 12 Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sturr, Jimmy 33

Cumulative Subject Index • 207

Adam Again 61 Anointed 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Ashton, Susan 17 Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Avalon 26 Becker, Margaret 31 Boltz, Ray 33 Boone, Debby 46 Card, Michael 40 Carman 36 Casting Crowns 59 Champion, Eric 21 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Chevelle 44 Christafari 51 Crosse, Clay 38 Danielson 59 dc Talk 18 Delirious? 33 Driscoll, Phil 45 Duncan, Bryan 19 Elms, The 44

Green, Keith 38 Hammond, Fred 36 Heard, Mark 48 Honeytree 58 Hunter, Ivory Joe 53 Innocence Mission, The 46 Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Joy Electric 26 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Lewis, Crystal 38 McGuire, Barry 45 MercyMe 56 Moore, Geoff 43 Morgan, Cindy 36 Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Mullins, Rich 35 MxPx 33 Newsboys, The 24 NewSong 56 Nordeman, Nichole 47 Normals, The 52 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Larry 42 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Orrico, Stacie 47 Out of the Grey 37 Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Patti, Sandi 50 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pedro the Lion 57 Petra 3 PFR 38 Phillips, Craig & Dean 45 Plus One 43 P.O.D. 33 Point of Grace 21 Project 86 52 Rambo, Dottie 60 Redman, Matt 54 Relient K 55 Resurrection Band 36 Rice, Chris 25 Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Selah 61 Seventy Sevens, The 46 Sierra 60 Sixpence None the Richer 26 Skillet 54 Smith, Michael W. 49 Earlier sketch in CM 11 SonicFlood 51 Starflyer 59 50

Lavelle, Caroline 35 Ma, Yo Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mørk, Truls 38 Rasputina 26 Rolston, Shauna 50 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Russell, Arthur 50 Savall, Jordi 44 Silva, Alan 45 Starker, Janos 32

Children’s Music Bartels, Joanie 13 Cappelli, Frank 14 Chapin, Tom 11 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Covert, Ralph 54 Glazer, Tom 48 Haack, Bruce 37 Harley, Bill 7 Lehrer, Tom 7 Nagler, Eric 8 Penner, Fred 10 Raffi 8 Riders in the Sky 33 Rogers, Fred 46 Rosenshontz 9 Sharon, Lois & Bram 6 Silverstein, Shel 51 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Wiggles, The 42

Christian Music

Trower, Robin 58

Cello

Turner, Big Joe 13

Van Zandt, Townes 13

Casals, Pablo 9 Chang, Han-Na 33 Darling, David 34 DuPré, Jacqueline 26 Feigelson, Yosif 35 Haimovitz, Matt 60

Eskelin, Ian 19

St. James, Rebecca 26

Vaughan, Jimmie 24

Harnoy, Ofra 49

4Him 23

Stonehill, Randy 44

Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Harrell, Lynn 3

Gaither, Bill 53

Stryper 2

Holland, Dave 27

Switchfoot 48

Waits, Tom 61

Johnson, Marc 58

Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Taylor, Steve 26

208 • Cumulative Subject Index Third Day 34 Troccoli, Kathy 48 Tumes, Michelle 37 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Vigilantes of Love 51 Watermark 43 Waters, Ethel 11 Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32

Clarinet Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Bechet, Sidney 17 Bilk, Acker 47 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Byron, Don 22 Carter, John 34 DeFranco, Buddy 31 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Fountain, Pete 7 Goodman, Benny 4 Harrison, Wendell 56 Herman, Woody 12 Koffman, Moe 34 Pine, Courtney 51 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Scott, Tony 32 Segundo, Compay 45 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Stoltzman, Richard 24 Sturr, Jimmy 33 Vandermark, Ken 28 Waters, Benny 58 Woods, Phil 57

Classical Abbado, Claudio 32 Ahn Trio 45 Amante, Michael 61 Ameling, Elly 24 Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Marian 8 Argerich, Martha 27 Arrau, Claudio 1 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Assad, Badi 36 Austral, Florence 26 Baker, Janet 14 Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Barber, Samuel 34 Barenboim, Daniel 30 Barrueco, Manuel 39 Beecham, Thomas 27 Beltrán, Tito 28 Berio, Luciano 32 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Bolcom, William 54 Bond 43 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Bonney, Barbara 33

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Bream, Julian 9 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brodsky Quartet 41 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Canadian Brass, The 4 Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, Ron 14 Casals, Pablo 9 Chailly, Riccardo 35 Chang, Han-Na 33 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chanticleer 33 Christie, William 56 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Church, Charlotte 28 Clayderman, Richard 1 Cliburn, Van 13 Conlon, James 44 Copland, Aaron 2 Corigliano, John 34 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Davis, Colin 27 DuPré, Jacqueline 26 Dvorak, Antonin 25 eighth blackbird 57 Emerson String Quartet 33 Ensemble Modern 39 Eroica Trio 47 Feigelson, Yosif 35 Fiedler, Arthur 6 5 Browns, The 59 Fleming, Renee 24 Galimir, Felix 36 Galway, James 3 Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gingold, Josef 6 Glennie, Evelyn 33 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Grimaud, Hélène 35 Hahn, Hilary 30 Haimovitz, Matt 60 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hampson, Thomas 12 Harnoy, Ofra 49 Harrell, Lynn 3 Hayes, Roland 13 Heifetz, Jascha 31 Henderson, Skitch 58 Hendricks, Barbara 10 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Horne, Marilyn 9 Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Hough, Stephen 40 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Il Divo 61

Earlier sketch in CM 8 Kirkby, Emma 35 Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Kremer, Gidon 30 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kunzel, Erich 17 Lemper, Ute 14 Levine, James 8 Liberace 9 Lockhart, Keith 36 Lupu, Radu 36 Ma, Yo Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 MacGregor, Joanna 41 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marsalis, Wynton 6 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masur, Kurt 11 McNair, Sylvia 15 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mediaeval Baebes 47 Mehta, Zubin 11 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Meyer, Edgar 40 Midori 7 Moro 38 Mozetich, Marjan 55 Mørk, Truls 38 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 Nancarrow, Conlon 32 Nyman, Michael 15 Oregon 30 Ott, David 2 Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pärt, Arvo 40 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Peeters, Flor 51 Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Perahia, Murray 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Phillips, Harvey 3 Pires, Maria Joa¯o 26 Quasthoff, Thomas 26 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Rangell, Andrew 24 Rattle, Simon 37 Rieu, André 26 Rochberg, George 56 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Rota, Nino 13 Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16

Schickele, Peter 5 Schuman, William 10 Segovia, Andres 6 Shaham, Gil 35 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shaw, Robert 32 Solti, Georg 13 Starker, Janos 32 Stern, Isaac 7 Stoltzman, Richard 24 Sutherland, Joan 13 Tafelmusik 49 Takemitsu, Toru 6 Tan Dun 33 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Tiersen, Yann 59 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Vanessa-Mae 26 Van Hove, Fred 30 Vienna Choir Boys 23 Volodos, Arcadi 28 von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, George 34 Walton, William 44 Watson, Russell 37 Weill, Kurt 12 Williams, Jessica 39 Wilson, Ransom 5 Wolff, Christian 38 Xenakis, Iannis 34 Yamashita, Kazuhito 4 Yi, Chen 51 York, Andrew 15 Zazeela, Marian 49 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Composers Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Adamson, Barry 28 Adderley, Nat 29 Adès, Thomas 30 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Allen, Geri 10 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Isbin, Sharon 33

Samuelsson, Marie 47

Anderson, Fred 32

Börtz, Daniel 52

Ives, Charles 29

Satoh, Somei 49

Anderson, Wessell 42

Boulanger, Nadia 56

Jarrett, Keith 1

Sauguet, Henri 48

Anka, Paul 2

Boulez, Pierre 26

Josefowicz, Leila 35

Savall, Jordi 44

Arlen, Harold 27

Boyd, Liona 7

Kennedy, Nigel 47

Scelsi, Giacinto 47

Atkins, Chet 26



Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Corigliano, John 34 Crispell, Marilyn 47 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Culbertson, Brian 40 Curtis, King 17 Dameron, Tadd 56 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Chip 4 Davis, Miles 1 de Grassi, Alex 6 Del Tredici, David 35 Denny, Martin 44 Diamond, David 58 Dolphy, Eric 36 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Dvorak, Antonin 25 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Eno, Brian 49 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Esquivel, Juan 17 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Fahey, John 17 Faith, Percy 43 Feldman, Morton 42 Fell, Simon H. 32 Fine, Vivian 42 Fonseca, Celso 47 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Frith, Fred 19 Also see Golden Palominos Fröhlich, Frank 32 Galás, Diamanda 16 Galliano, Richard 58 Garner, Erroll 25 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Golson, Benny 21 Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Green, Benny 17 Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Gubaidulina, Sofia 39 Hall, Jim 35 Hamlisch, Marvin 1

Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Eddie 15 Harrison, Lou 50 Hartke, Stephen 5 Hassell, Jon 43 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Skitch 58 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Hill, Andrew 41 Ho, Fred 60 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Hunter, Alberta 7 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibarra, Susie 55 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Isham, Mark 14 Ives, Charles 29 Jacquet, Illinois 17 Jamal, Ahmad 32 Janis, Tim 46 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, J.J. 33 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnston, Phillip 36 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Joplin, Scott 10 Jordan, Stanley 1 Kancheli, Giya 40 Kander, John 33 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kater, Peter 35 Kenny G 14 Kenton, Stan 21 Kern, Jerome 13 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Kurtág, György 54 Lacy, Steve 23 Lasar, Mars 39 Lateef, Yusef 16 Lee, Peggy 8 Legg, Adrian 17 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights

Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Loesser, Frank 19 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Luening, Otto 37 MacDermot, Galt 49 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Johnny 28 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Martino, Pat 17 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matz, Peter 43 Mauriat, Paul 60 Mayer, John 50 McBride, Christian 17 McLean, Jackie 41 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mendes, Sergio 40 Menken, Alan 10 Menotti, Gian Carlo 37 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Miles, Ron 22 Mingus, Charles 9 Minott, Sugar 31 Moby 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Monk, Meredith 57 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Montsalvatge, Xavier 39 Moondog 55 Moore, Undine Smith 40 Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mozetich, Marjan 55 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Nascimento, Milton 6 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Newman, Randy 4 Niblock, Phill 43 Nyman, Michael 15 O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons Oldfield, Mike 18 Orff, Carl 21 O’Rourke, Jim 31

Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Hammer, Jan 21

Ligeti, György 50

Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Ott, David 2

Handy, W. C. 7

Lins, Ivan 58

Palmieri, Eddie 15

Cooney, Rory 6

Hanna, Roland, Sir 45

Little, Booker 36

Parker, Charlie 5

Copeland, Stewart 14

Hardiman, Ronan 35

Lloyd, Charles 22

Parks, Van Dyke 17

Earlier sketch in CM 5 Axelrod, David 34 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Badalamenti, Angelo 17 Barber, Samuel 34 Barry, John 29 Barth, Bruce 50 Beamer, Keola 43 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Benson, George 9 Berio, Luciano 32 Berlin, Irving 8 Bernstein, Elmer 36 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blake, Ran 38 Blegvad, Peter 28 Bley, Carla 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Bolcom, William 54 Börtz, Daniel 52 Botti, Chris 40 Boulez, Pierre 26 Branca, Glenn 29 Brant, Henry 39 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brickman, Jim 22 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Earle 41 Brubeck, Dave 8 Burns, Ralph 37 Burrell, Kenny 11 Byard, Jaki 56 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Byron, Don 22 Cage, John 8 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The Cardew, Cornelius 56 Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, John 34 Casals, Pablo 9 Chia, Enrique 54 Clarke, Stanley 3 Cohen, Avishai 42 Coleman, Ornette 5 Colon, Willie 37 Coltrane, Alice 52 Conniff, Ray 37 Connors, Norman 30

210 • Cumulative Subject Index Pärt, Arvo 40 Partch, Harry 29 Peeters, Flor 51 Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Perez, Danilo 25 Peterson, Oscar 11 Piazzolla, Astor 18 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Porter, Cole 10 Post, Mike 21 Previn, André 15 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Reich, Steve 8 Reinhardt, Django 7 Riley, Terry 32 Ritenour, Lee 7 Rivers, Sam 29 Roach, Max 12 Roach, Steve 41 Rochberg, George 56 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rota, Nino 13 Rouse, Christopher 41 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Rushen, Patrice 49 Russell, Arthur 50 Rzewski, Frederic 57 Saariaho, Kaija 43 Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Satie, Erik 25 Satoh, Somei 49 Satriani, Joe 4 Sauguet, Henri 48 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Scelsi, Giacinto 47 Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Schneider, Maria 48 Schuman, William 10 Schütze, Paul 32 Schwarz, Gerard 45 Sebesky, Don 33 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shapey, Ralph 42 Sharp, Elliott 50 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Sousa, John Philip 10 Spearman, Glenn 55 Stalling, Carl 50 Stern, Leni 29 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strauss, Richard 25 Stravinsky, Igor 21 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Strouse, Charles 43 Stucky, Steven 55 Styne, Jule 21 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Sylvian, David 27 Takemitsu, Toru 6 Talbot, John Michael 6 Tan Dun 33 Tatum, Art 17 Tavener, John 45 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Tesh, John 20 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Threadgill, Henry 9 Tiersen, Yann 59 Tobin, Amon 32 Towner, Ralph 22 Tristano, Lennie 30 Truffaz, Erik 54 Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Tyner, McCoy 7 Ung, Chinary 46 Vangelis 21 Van Hove, Fred 30 Vollenweider, Andreas 30 von Trapp, Elisabeth 29 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, George 34 Wallace, Bennie 31 Walton, William 44 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Weber, Eberhard 41 Weill, Kurt 12 Wells, Bill 34

Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williamson, Malcolm 45 Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Paul 10 Wolf, Peter 31 Wolff, Christian 38 Woods, Phil 57 Worrell, Bernie 11 Xenakis, Iannis 34 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Yeston, Maury 22 Yi, Chen 51 York, Andrew 15 Young, La Monte 16 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zé, Tom 43 Zimmer, Hans 34 Zimmerman, Udo 5 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Conductors Abbado, Claudio 32 Adès, Thomas 30 Alsop, Marin 58 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Barenboim, Daniel 30 Beecham, Thomas 27 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Boulez, Pierre 26 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brown, Earle 41 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Casals, Pablo 9 Chailly, Riccardo 35 Christie, William 56 Conlon, James 44

Levine, James 8 Lockhart, Keith 36 Maazel, Lorin 46 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Johnny 28 Marriner, Neville 7 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masur, Kurt 11 Matz, Peter 43 Mauriat, Paul 60 Mehta, Zubin 11 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Muti, Riccardo 56 Nero, Peter 19 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Previn, André 15 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Rattle, Simon 37 Rieu, André 26 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Savall, Jordi 44 Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shapey, Ralph 42 Shaw, Robert 32 Slatkin, Leonard 41 Solti, Georg 13 Strauss, Richard 25 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Valdes, Chuco 25 von Karajan, Herbert 1 Welk, Lawrence 13 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Contemporary Dance Music

Conniff, Ray 37

Abdul, Paula 3 Afro Celt Sound System 46 Air 33

Copland, Aaron 2

Amber 40

Davies, Dennis Russell 24

Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Davis, Colin 27 Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Evans, Gil 17 Fiedler, Arthur 6 Galliano, Richard 58 Gardiner, John Eliot 26

Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29

Gergiev, Valery 58

Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Gould, Morton 16

Beenie Man 33

Haitink, Bernard 39

B-52’s, The 4

Weston, Randy 15

Herrmann, Bernard 14

Brown, Bobby 4

Shostakovich, Dmitry 42

Whelan, Bill 20

Huggett, Monica 50

Brown, James 2

Silver, Horace 19

Whiteman, Paul 17

Ibrahim, Abdullah 24

Carroll, Dina 31

Smith, Tommy 28

Wildhorn, Frank 31

Jarrett, Keith 1

C + C Music Factory 16

Solal, Martial 4

Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Jones, Hank 15

Cherry, Neneh 4

Kunzel, Erich 17

Clinton, George 48

Shearing, George 28 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report

Sondheim, Stephen 8

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Collins, Sandra 41 Cox, Carl 43 Craig, Carl 19 Daft Punk 33 Dead or Alive 50 Deee-lite 9 De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Digweed, John 44 Dimitri from Paris 43 DJ Krush 60 Earth, Wind and Fire 12 English Beat, The 9 En Vogue 10 Erasure 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Exposé 4 Faithless 37 Felix da Housecat 44 Fox, Samantha 3 Foxx, John 56 Fun Lovin’ Criminals 20 Gang of Four 8 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Groove Armada 39 Hammer, M.C. 5 Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Holmes, David 31 Ice-T 7 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jackson, Janet 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Grace 9 La Bouche 38 Leftfield 29 Le Tigre 55 Lidell, Jamie 57 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Earlier sketch in CM 15 Naté, Ultra 34 New Order 11 Orbital 20 Peniston, CeCe 15 Pet Shop Boys 5 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Plaid 50 Portishead 22 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Puthli, Asha 60 Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Rodgers, Nile 8 Salt-N-Pepa 6 Shadow, DJ 19 Shamen, The 23 Sherwood, Adrian 31 Singh, Talvin 44 Size, Roni 31 Sonique 45 Soul II Soul 17 Spacemen 3 31 Stereo MC’s 34 Sugar Ray 22 Summer, Donna 12 Sylvester 53 Technotronic 5 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Tricky 18 2 Unlimited 18 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Vasquez, Junior 16 Village People, The 7 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Wink, Josh 44 Young M.C. 4

Contemporary Instrumental/New Age Ackerman, Will 3 Arkenstone, David 40 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Armik 41 Ciani, Suzanne 50 Cole, Jim 54 Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Cook, Jesse 33 Coulter, William 49 Darling, David 34 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 de Gaia, Banco 27 de Grassi, Alex 6

Cumulative Subject Index • 211 Esquivel, Juan 17 Gunn, Nicholas 39 Hardiman, Ronan 35 Hedges, Michael 3 Isham, Mark 14 Janis, Tim 46 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Kater, Peter 35 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lanz, David 42 Lasar, Mars 39 Legg, Adrian 17 Liebert, Ottmar 33 Line, Lorie 34 Merzbow 31 Mogwai 27 Nightnoise 45 O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons Riley, Terry 32 Roach, Steve 41 Roth, Gabrielle 26 Schroer, Oliver 29 Sete, Bola 26 Sissel 42 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Tangerine Dream 12 Tesh, John 20 Tingstad & Rumbel 44 Vollenweider, Andreas 30 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Paul 10 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Cornet Adderley, Nat 29 Armstrong, Louis 4 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Braff, Ruby 43 Cherry, Don 10 Also see Codona Davison, Wild Bill 34 Handy, W. C. 7 Oliver, King 15 Vaché, Warren, Jr. 22

Country Acuff, Roy 2 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adkins, Trace 31 Akins, Rhett 22 Alabama 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Allan, Gary 41

Andrews, Jessica 34 Arnold, Eddy 10 Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Auldridge, Mike 4 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Bare, Bobby 48 Barnett, Mandy 26 Bellamy Brothers, The 13 Bentley, Dierks 56 Berg, Matraca 16 Bering Strait 57 Berry, John 17 Big & Rich 57 Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5 BlackHawk 21 Blue Mountain 38 Blue Rodeo 18 Blue Sky Boys 46 Boggs, Dock 25 Bogguss, Suzy 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Bonamy, James 21 Bond, Johnny 28 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boxcar Willie 41 Boy Howdy 21 Brandt, Paul 22 Brannon, Kippi 20 BR5-49 35 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks & Dunn 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Marty 14 Brown, Tony 14 Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Byrd, Tracy 39 Byrds, The 8 Cale, J. J. 16 Calexico 33 Campbell, Glen 2 Campi, Ray 44 Carter, Carlene 8 Carter, Deana 55 Carter Family, The 3 Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, June Carter 6 Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Massive Attack 17

Demby, Constance 51

Michael, George 49

Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Allen, Terry 56

Cash Brothers 47

Allison, Joe 42

Chambers, Kasey 36

Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Anderson, Bill 32

Chapin Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Moby 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 M People 27

Anderson, John 5

212 • Cumulative Subject Index


Dylan, Bob 58

Earlier sketch in CM 27 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feathers, Charlie 40 Flatlanders, The 43 Flatt, Lester 3 Flores, Rosie 16 Flying Burrito Brothers 44 Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3 Foster, Radney 16 Fricke, Janie 33 Friedman, Kinky 35 Frizzell, Lefty 10 Frost, Edith 40 Gauthier, Mary 54 Gayle, Crystal 1 Gentry, Bobbie 46 Germano, Lisa 18 Giant Sand 30 Gibson, Don 58 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 See also Pure Prairie League Gilley, Mickey 7 Gilman, Billy 34 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Golden Smog 60 Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordon, Robert 57 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Greenwood, Lee 12 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Griggs, Andy 40 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Hall, Tom T. 26 Hancock, Butch 56 Hancock, Wayne 45 Handsome Family, The 30 Harris, Emmylou 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hay, George D. 3 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Herndon, Ty 20 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Highway 101 4 Hill, Faith 50 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Holy, Steve 61 Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41

Eaglesmith, Fred 60

Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38

Jennings, Waylon 4 Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jordanaires, The 44 Judds, The 2 Keith, Toby 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kentucky Headhunters, The 5 Kershaw, Sammy 15 Ketchum, Hal 14 King, Pee Wee 30 Kinleys, The 32 Krebs, Pete 43 Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lamb, Barbara 19 Lambchop 29 Lane, Cristy 51 Lane, Fred 28 lang, kd 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lauderdale, Jim 29 Lawrence, Tracy 11 LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Legend, Johnny 58 Leigh, Danni 39 Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Little Big Town 61 Little Feat 4 Little Texas 14 Lonestar 27 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Loveless, Patty 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lovett, Lyle 28 Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Mandrell, Barbara 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Martin, Janis 59 Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Mavericks, The 15 McBride, Martina 52 Earlier sketch in CM 14 McCann, Lila 26 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoy, Neal 15 McCready, Mindy 22 McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McGraw, Tim 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Merritt, Cari Lee 50 Messina, Jo Dee 26

Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Ingram, Jack 58

Meteors, The 61 Miller, Buddy 31

Edwards, Stoney 55

Jackson, Alan 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Estes, John 25

Jackson, Wanda 42

Milsap, Ronnie 2

Evans, Sara 60

Jason & the Scorchers 45

Moffatt, Katy 46

Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Gary 33 Chatham County Line 55 Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Chesnutt, Mark 13 Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Clark, Guy 17 Clark, Roy 1 Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Clements, Vassar 18 Cline, Patsy 5 Coe, David Allan 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collie, Mark 15 Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30 Confederate Railroad 23 Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooley, Spade 53 Coolidge, Rita 40 Cowboy Junkies 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Crawford, Randy 25 Cross Canadian Ragweed 59 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Cyrus, Billy Ray 11 Dalton, Lacy J. 43 Daniels, Charlie 6 Davies, Gail 38 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Linda 21 Davis, Mac 60 Davis, Skeeter 15 Dean, Billy 19 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Derailers, The 37 Desert Rose Band, The 4 Diamond Rio 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Dickens, Hazel 35 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickinson, Jim 59 Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Dillards, The 45 Dixie Chicks 49 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Downing, Big Al 45 Dusty, Slim 39

Miller, Roger 4

Earlier sketch in CM 18 Monroe, Bill 1 Montana, Patsy 38 Montgomery, John Michael 14 Montgomery Gentry 34 Moorer, Allison 40 Morgan, Craig 61 Morgan, Lorrie 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Murphey, Michael Martin 9 Murray, Anne 4 Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Newbury, Mickey 44 Newton, Juice 37 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Nichols, Joe 49 Nitty Gritty Dirt Band 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 O’Connor, Mark 1 Oldham, Will 32 Old 97’s 33 O’Neal, Jamie 49 Oslin, K. T. 3 Overstreet, Paul 33 Owens, Buck 2 Paisley, Brad 42 Paladins, The 47 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Pearl, Minnie 3 Peters, Gretchen 45 Peterson, Michael 31 Pierce, Webb 15 Po’ Girl 58 Price, Ray 11 Pride, Charley 4 Pure Prairie League 49 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Randall, Jon 58 Rascal Flatts 42 Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26 Raye, Collin 16 Reeves, Jim 10 Restless Heart 12 Rich, Charlie 3 Richey, Kim 20 Ricochet 23 Riders in the Sky 33 Rimes, LeAnn 46 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ritter, Tex 37 Robbins, Marty 9

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Roberts, Sam 59 Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rogers, Roy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rouse, Josh 42 Sadies, The 53 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Sawyer Brown 27 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Scott, Darrell 54 Scruggs, Earl 3 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Seals, Dan 9 SHeDAISY 36 Shelton, Blake 45 Shenandoah 17 Silverstein, Shel 51 Singletary, Daryle 41 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Slobberbone 38 Smith, Sammi 48 Snow, Hank 29 Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sons of the Desert 44 Sons of the Pioneers 53 Stampley, Joe 51 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Statler Brothers, The 8 Stevens, Ray 7 Stone, Doug 10 Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stuart, Marty 9 Sugarland 61 Sweet, Rachel 48 Sweethearts of the Rodeo 12 Tennison, Chalee 36 Texas Tornados, The 8 Thompson, Hank 43 Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Tippin, Aaron 12 Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Trick Pony 42 Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Tubb, Ernest 4 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Turner, Josh 59 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Twitty, Conway 6

Van Zandt, Townes 13 Van Zant 61 Vassar, Phil 52 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Wagoner, Porter 13 Walker, Clay 20 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walser, Don 35 Wariner, Steve 18 Warren Brothers, The 34 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Webb Brothers, The 57 Welch, Gillian 33 Wells, Kitty 6 West, Dottie 8 West, Speedy 47 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Whiskeytown 44 White, Jim 40 White, Lari 15 White, Tony Joe 61 Whitley, Keith 7 Wilburn Brothers, The 45 Wilder, Webb 55 Wilkinsons, The 30 Williams, Don 4 Williams, Hank, III 38 Williams, Hank, Jr. 1 Williams, Hank, Sr. 4 Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wills, Bob 6 Wills, Mark 27 Wilson, Gretchen 52 Womack, Lee Ann 33 Worley, Darryl 45 Wright, Chely 35 Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wynonna 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Judds, The Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Young, Faron 7

Dobro


Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30

Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Cahn, Sammy 11 Cliff, Jimmy 8 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dolby, Thomas 10 Donovan 9 Eddy, Duane 9 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Froom, Mitchell 15 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Galás, Diamanda 16 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Goldsmith, Jerry 40 Gould, Glenn 9 Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Hayes, Isaac 10 Hedges, Michael 3 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Horner, James 38 Isham, Mark 14 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Kander, John 33 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Lahiri, Bappi 42 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lerner and Loewe 13 Loesser, Frank 19 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Marsalis, Branford 10 Matz, Peter 43 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The

Berlin, Irving 8

Menken, Alan 10

Bernstein, Elmer 36

Mercer, Johnny 13

Bernstein, Leonard 2

Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Clarke, Kenny 35 Colaiuta, Vinnie 23 Francis, David “Panama” 37 Gerhard-Garcıá, Alexandra 41 Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Hayes, Louis 40 Haynes, Roy 33 Higgins, Billy 35 Hussain, Zakir 32 King, Chris Thomas 43 Mori, Ikue 55 Muhammad, Idris 40 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Olatunji, Babatunde 45 Oxley, Tony 32 Parker, Leon 27 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Scharin, Doug 32 Schütze, Paul 32 Schweizer, Irène 46 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Turner, Roger 32 Watts, Charlie 52

Dulcimer Demby, Constance 51 Ritchie, Jean 4

Fiddle Balfa, Dewey 49 Carthy, Eliza 31 Cooley, Spade 53 Ivers, Eileen 30 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Lewis, Laurie 56 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 MacMaster, Natalie 37 Tabuchi, Shoji 55

Film Scores Alloy Orchestra 51 Anka, Paul 2 Arlen, Harold 27

Uncle Tupelo 37

Auldridge, Mike 4 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Douglas, Jerry 52 Graves, Josh 48 Ickes, Rob 49 Also see Blue Highway Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Urban, Keith 44

Drums

Brion, Jon 52

Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Urban Knights 46

Aronoff, Kenny 21 Blackwell, Ed 55

Britten, Benjamin 15

Montenegro, Hugo 18

Byrne, David 51

Morricone, Ennio 53

Two Dollar Pistols 41

Van Shelton, Ricky 5

Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Badalamenti, Angelo 17 Barry, John 29 Baxter, Les 47

Blanchard, Terence 13

214 • Cumulative Subject Index Earlier sketch in CM 15 Nascimento, Milton 6 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Nyman, Michael 15 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Peterson, Oscar 11 Porter, Cole 10 Previn, André 15 Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Robertson, Robbie 2 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rota, Nino 13 RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sakamoto, Ryuichi 18 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Schickele, Peter 5 Schütze, Paul 32 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shore, Howard 48 Silvestri, Alan 37 Stalling, Carl 50 Strouse, Charles 43 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tan Dun 33 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Weill, Kurt 12 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Willner, Hal 10 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zimmer, Hans 34

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Mann, Herbie 16 Mirabal, Robert 45 Moody, James 34 Najee 21 Nakai, R. Carlos 24 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Tabackin, Lew 47 Torres, Nestor 36 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Valentin, Dave 33 Wilson, Ransom 5 Zamfir, Gheorghe 41 Zonjic, Alexander 53

Folk/Traditional

Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span Cassidy, Eva 35 Ceili Rain 34 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapman, Tracy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Cherish the Ladies 38 Cherry, Don 10 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Chieftains, The 36 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Childs, Toni 2 Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The 39 Clannad 23 Clark, Gene 51 Clegg, Johnny 8 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cohen, Leonard 52 Cohn, Marc 43 Collins, Judy 4 Collister, Christine 42 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Curtis, Catie 31 Dalaras, George 40 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Ditty Bops, The 59 Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donovan 9 Drake, Nick 17 Driftwood, Jimmy 25 Dr. John 7 Dylan, Bob 58 Elliot, Cass 5 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Estefan, Gloria 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Fahey, John 17 Fairport Convention 22 Fassie, Brenda 50

Fernandez, Vicente 42

Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Galway, James 3 Germano, Lisa 18 Gibson, Bob 23 Gilberto, Joa¯o 33 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Gipsy Kings, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Gorka, John 18 Gray, David 30 Great Big Sea 45 Griffin, Patty 24 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Grisman, David 17 Gurtu, Trilok 29 Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Guthrie, Woody 2 Hakmoun, Hassan 15 Hardin, Tim 18 Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Harmer, Sarah 56 Harper, Roy 30 Harris, Emmylou 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Havens, Richie 11 Haza, Ofra 29 Hem 55 Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Ho, Don 54 Holland, Jolie 55 Honeytree 58 Hurley, Michael 58 Hussain, Zakir 32 Huun-Huur-Tu 58 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ian and Sylvia 18 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Incredible String Band 23 Indigenous 31 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Innocence Mission, The 46 Irish Tenors, The 36 Ivers, Eileen 30 Ives, Burl 12 Jacobs, Kate 51 Johansen, Kevin 48 Johnston, Daniel 61 Jones, Marti 51 Kalthum, Umm 42

Franco 39

Khaled 33

Frogs, The 31

Khan, Ali Akbar 34

Frost, Edith 40

Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali 13

Fureys, The 41

Lateef, Yusef 16

Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Adam, Margie 39 Alberstein, Chava 37 Altan 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Amadou & Mariam 49 America 16 Anonymous 4 23 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Arnaz, Desi 8 Atwater-Donnelly 53 Axton, Hoyt 28 Baca, Susana 32 Baez, Joan 1 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barachois 53 Barra MacNeils, The 48 Battlefield Band, The 31 Beamer, Keola 43 Be Good Tanyas 48 Belafonte, Harry 8 Belle and Sebastian 28 Beltrán, Lola 48 Black, Mary 15 Black 47 37 Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blue Rodeo 18 Boggs, Dock 25 Brady, Paul 8 Bragg, Billy 7 Brave Combo 31 Bromberg, David 18 Brooke, Jonatha 56 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Greg 56 Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Springfield 24 Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Burns Sisters 41 Byrds, The 8 Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23 Cantrell, Laura 57 Caravan 24

Laws, Hubert 38

Carter Family, The 3

Gabriel, Juan 31

Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Mangione, Chuck 23

Carthy, Eliza 31

Gaelic Storm 52

Kingston Trio, The 9

Flugelhorn Bowie, Lester 29 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mangione, Chuck 23 Sandoval, Arturo 15

Flute Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Galway, James 3 Hofmann, Holly 41 Jethro Tull 8 Koffman, Moe 34

Feliciano, José 10 Fernandez, Alejandro 43

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Klezmatics, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kuti, Fela 7 Kuti, Femi 29 La Bottine Souriante 50 Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lamond, Mary Jane 33 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Larkin, Patty 9 Lavin, Christine 6 Leadbelly 6 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Limeliters, The 40 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Maal, Baaba 37 MacMaster, Natalie 37 MacNeil, Rita 29 Magical Strings 43 Makeba, Miriam 8 Mamas and the Papas 21 Mami, Cheb 36 Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Martyn, John 43 Masekela, Hugh 7 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGuinn, Roger 35 McGuire, Barry 45 McKenna, Lori 54 McKennitt, Loreena 24 McLean, Don 7 Mediaeval Baebes 47 Melanie 12 Miller, Julie 55 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Moro 38 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey, Bill 12 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 Mulvey, Peter 59 Najma 39 Na Leo 38 Nascimento, Milton 6 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Odetta 7 Orchestra Baobab 42 O Riada, Sean 56 Owoh, Orlando 57 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Paxton, Tom 5 Pedro the Lion 57 Pentangle 18 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phillips, Utah 57 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Po’ Girl 58 Pogues, The 6 Portuondo, Omara 42 Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prior, Maddy 50 Also see Steeleye Span Proclaimers, The 13 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Radio Tarifa 40 Rafferty, Gerry 52 Rankins, The 24 Redpath, Jean 1 Reichel, Keali’i 50 Ritchie, Jean 4 Roches, The 18 Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodrigues, Amália 40 Rodrigues, Virgínia 48 Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Stan 61 Rose, Tim 41 Rusby, Kate 29 Russell, Tom 26 Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sebestyén, Márta 47 Seeger, Peggy 25 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Selena 16 Sexton, Martin 41 Shankar, Anoushka 46 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Sill, Judee 61 Silly Wizard 36

Neil, Fred 42 O’Brien, Tim 39

Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel

Ochs, Phil 7 O’Connor, Sinead 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Nields, The 48

Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Cumulative Subject Index • 215 Snow, Pheobe 4 Solas 34 Spillane, Davy 48 Steeleye Span 19 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Story, The 13 Sumac, Yma 50 Sweet Honey in the Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Tabor, June 38 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, Kate 30 Tegan and Sara 58 Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Richard 7 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Traoré, Boubacar 38 Traore, Rokia 53 Turner, Otha 52 Ulali 38 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Vives, Carlos 38 von Trapp, Elisabeth 29 Wainwright, Loudon, III 11 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Waterboys, The 27 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Weavers, The 8 Welch, Elisabeth 50 Welch, Gillian 33 Wemba, Papa 40 Werner, Susan 54 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Whitman, Slim 19 Wilcox, David 38 Williamson, Robin 39 Also see Incredible String Band Wrigley, Bernard 58 Yannatou, Savina 48 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young Dubliners 58 Zé, Tom 43

Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Cameo 60 Citizen King 27 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos ESG 45 Fishbone 7 Front 242 19 Gang of Four 8 Gap Band, The 42 Gray, Macy 32 Jackson, Janet 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jamiroquai 21 Joy Electric 26 Khan, Chaka 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Ohio Players 16 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Sly and the Family Stone 24 Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly and the Family Stone Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40 Worrell, Bernie 11 Wu-Tang Clan 19

Fusion Anderson, Ray 7 Avery, Teodross 23 Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Clarke, Stanley 3 Codona 44 Coleman, Ornette 5 Corea, Chick 6 Davis, Miles 1 Dulfer, Candy 35 Fishbone 7 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Harris, Eddie 15

Funk

Johnson, Eric 19

Adam Again 61 Association, The 59

Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights

Avery, Teodross 23

Lindsay, Arto 53 Mahavishnu Orchestra 19

Simonal, Wilson 33

Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Simon and Garfunkel 24

Brand New Heavies, The 14

Sissel 42

Brown, James 2

Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26

McLaughlin, John 12


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Little Richard 1 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Mary Mary 39 McClurkin, Donnie 52 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Mighty Clouds of Joy, The 17 Nesby, Ann 57 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Persuasions, The 47 Pickett, Wilson 10 Presley, Elvis 1 Rambo, Dottie 60 Redding, Otis 5 Reese, Della 13 Robbins, Marty 9 Selah 61 Soul Stirrers, The 11 Sounds of Blackness 13 Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Staples, Pops 11 Staton, Candi 45 Studdard, Ruben 61 Swan Silvertones, The 39 Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tharpe, Sister Rosetta 47 Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Waters, Ethel 11 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Marion 15 Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32 Winans, The 12 Womack, Bobby 5

Earlier sketch in CM 5 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Axton, Hoyt 28 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bailey, Derek 40 Baldry, Long John 51 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Barrueco, Manuel 39 Beamer, Keola 43 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Beck 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Benoit, Tab 31 Benson, George 9 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Berry, John 17 Bishop, Elvin 41 Bishop, Jeb 28 Blake, Norman 47 Blegvad, Peter 28 Block, Rory 18 Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Bond, Johnny 28 Boyd, Liona 7 Bream, Julian 9 Bromberg, David 18 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30 Broom, Bobby 38 Brötzmann, Caspar 27 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Norman 29 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Burnside, R. L. 34 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Burrell, Kenny 11 Cabrera, Ryan 58 Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Carlton, Larry 38 Carter, Deana 55 Catherine, Philip 59 Cat Power 30

Chesnutt, Vic 28 Christian, Charlie 11 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Roy 1 Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Collie, Mark 15 Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, John 39 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cook, Jesse 33 Cornelius 44 Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Coulter, William 49 Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cropper, Steve 12 Curtis, Catie 31 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dale, Dick 13 Daniels, Charlie 6 Dave, Edmunds 28 Davis, Billy 52 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Reverend Gary 18 Day, Howie 49 de Grassi, Alex 6 Del Rubio Triplets 21 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickerson, Deke 44 Diddley, Bo 3 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Di Meola, Al 12 Doughty, Mike 60 Drake, Nick 17 Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Eddy, Duane 9

Chadbourne, Eugene 30

Emmanuel, Tommy 21

Imperials, The 43

Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish

Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Jackson, Mahalia 8

Armik 41

Chaquico, Craig 23

Johnson, Blind Willie 26

Arthur, Joseph 57

Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Jordanaires, The 44

Assad, Badi 36

Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Kee, John P. 15

Atkins, Chet 26

Chesnutt, Mark 13

Earlier sketch in CM 2 Niacin 51 O’Connor, Mark 1 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Puthli, Asha 60 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Ritenour, Lee 7 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Soft Machine 36 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights

Gospel Anderson, Marian 8 Armstrong, Vanessa Bell 24 Baylor, Helen 20 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brown, James 2 Caesar, Shirley 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Carter Family, The 3 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Cleveland, James 1 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cox Family 44 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Davis, Jimmie 53 DeBarge, Chico 53 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Eartha 44 Fairfield Four 49 Five Blind Boys of Alabama 12 Florida Boys, The 42 Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3

Guitar Abercrombie, John 25

4Him 23

Ackerman, Will 3

Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Adamson, Barry 28

Franklin, Kirk 22

Adé, King Sunny 18

Gaither, Bill 53

Adkins, Trace 31

Gaither Vocal Band 38

Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine

Golden Gate Quartet 25 Greater Vision 26 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Hawkins, Tramaine 17 Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Adcock, C.C. 52

Allison, Luther 21 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X

Edwards, Kathleen 55 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Ellis, Herb 18 Ely, Joe 52

Eubanks, Kevin 35 Fahey, John 17


Cumulative Subject Index • 217 Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Landreth, Sonny 16 Lang, Eddie 60 Lang, Jonny 27 Langford, Jon 59 Larkin, Patty 9 Leadbelly 6 Lee, Alvin 59 Legg, Adrian 17 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Leo, Ted 43 Liebert, Ottmar 33 Lindley, David 2 Lindsay, Arto 53 Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lofgren, Nils 25 Lovett, Lyle 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Mack, Lonnie 37 Malmsteen, Yngwie 24 Malone, Russell 27 Martino, Pat 17 Matthews, Eric 22 Mayer, John 46 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoury, Del 15 McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKenna, Lori 54 McKeown, Erin 57 McLachlan, Sarah 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLaughlin, John 12 McLean, Dave 24 McLennan, Grant 21 McTell, Blind Willie 17

Fankhauser, Merrell 24 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feist 55 Feliciano, José 10 Fell, Simon H. 32 Fender, Leo 10 Five for Fighting 36 Flatt, Lester 3 Flores, Rosie 16 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Fonseca, Celso 47 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Ford, Robben 54 Ford, T-Model 41 Frampton, Peter 3 Also see Humble Pie Franco 39 Fripp, Robert 9 Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Frith, Fred 19 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Frusciante, John 56 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fulson, Lowell 20 Gaillard, Slim 31 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gatton, Danny 16 Gibson, Bob 23 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, Joa¯o 33 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Golightly, Holly 45 Gorka, John 18 Green, Grant 14 Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Guy, Buddy 4 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Hackett, Bobby 21 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Haley, Bill 6 Hall, Jim 35 Hall, Tom T. 26 Hammill, Peter 30 Hancock, Wayne 45 Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardin, Tim 18 Harper, Ben 17

Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Havens, Richie 11 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Hepcat, Harry 23 Hicks, John 59 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine Holly, Buddy 1 Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 Howlin’ Wolf 6 Hunter, Charlie 24 Ingram, Jack 58 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isbin, Sharon 33 Ives, Burl 12 Jackson, Alan 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 James, Elmore 8 James, Skip 24 Jean, Wyclef 60 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jenkins, Johnny 60 Jennings, Mason 59 Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19 Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Johnson, Eric 19 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Robert 6 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Jorge, Seu 58 Juanes 43 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Keene, Tommy 31 Keith, Toby 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Harris, Corey 41

King, Chris Thomas 43

Harris, Emmylou 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4

King, Earl 44


King, Freddy 17

Miller, Buddy 31

Harris, Jesse 47

King, Kaki 55

Miller, Frankie 59

Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The

Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen

Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27

Kelly, Jeff 31 Kessel, Barney 47 King, Albert 2 King, B.B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Merritt, Tift 52

Mo’, Keb’ 21 Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Montgomery, Wes 3 Moro 38 Morrissey, Bill 12 Muldaur, Maria 18 Mulvey, Peter 59 Naess, Leona 46 Near, Holly 1 Newbury, Mickey 44 Newton, Juice 37 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Oldfield, Mike 18 Oldham, Will 32 Olson, Carla 45 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Owens, Buck 2 Owens, Jack 30 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Pagliaro, Michel 56 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Paisley, Brad 42 Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Graham 49 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Pass, Joe 15 Patton, Charley 11 Pena, Paco 60 Perkins, Carl 9 Peterson, Michael 31 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 14 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Shawn 41 Pizzarelli, John 50 Powell, Baden 23 Prewitt, Archer 57 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prophet, Chuck 32 Quaye, Finley 30 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Randolph, Robert 49 Redbone, Leon 19 Reed, Jimmy 15 Reichel, Hans 29 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reinhardt, Django 7 Ribot, Marc 30 Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The Richman, Jonathan 12 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Ritenour, Lee 7



Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Great White 44 Guns n’ Roses 2 Iron Maiden 10 Judas Priest 10 Kilgore 24 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 L7 12 Machine Head 32 Megadeth 9 Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Metallica 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Monster Magnet 39 Mötley Crüe 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Motörhead 10 Mr. Bungle 58 Mudvayne 42 Neurosis 28 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Pantera 13 Petra 3 Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Runaways, The 44 Saliva 38 Sepultura 12 Sevendust 37 Skillet 54 Skinny Puppy 17 Slayer 10 Soulfly 33 Soundgarden 6 Spinal Tap 8 Staind 31 Stryper 2

Disturbed 42

Suicidal Tendencies 15

Dokken 16

System of a Down 36

Wood, Ron 56

Faith No More 7

Tippin, Aaron 12

Wray, Link 17

Fear Factory 27

Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Todd, Mia Doi 52

Yamashita, Kazuhito 4

Fishbone 7

Type O Negative 27

Toure, Ali Farka 57

Yoakam, Dwight 60

Flotsam and Jetsam 54

Warrant 17

Ritter, Tex 37 Robbins, Marty 9 Robertson, Robbie 2 Robillard, Duke 49 Rodgers, Nile 8 Also see Chic Rose, Tim 41 Rowan, Peter 51 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Rush, Otis 12 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salem, Kevin 32 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Satriani, Joe 4 Scofield, John 7 Scruggs, Randy 28 Secola, Keith 45 Segovia, Andres 6 Segundo, Compay 45 Sete, Bola 26 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 27 Sharp, Elliott 50 Sharrock, Sonny 15 Sheeran, Phil 51 Shelton, Blake 45 Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shines, Johnny 14 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Smith, Elliott 28 Smog 28 Spedding, Chris 61 Springsteen, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Stuart, Marty 9 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Swan, Billy 60 Tampa Red 25 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Terrell 32 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thompson, Richard 7

Earlier sketch in CM 18 Towner, Ralph 22 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Traoré, Boubacar 38 Travis, Merle 14 Trout, Walter 59 Trower, Robin 58 Trynin, Jen 21 Tubb, Ernest 4 Turner, Otha 52 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Vai, Steve 5 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wagoner, Porter 13 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, T-Bone 5 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Wariner, Steve 18 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Weller, Paul 14 West, Leslie 59 White, Bukka 57 White, Josh 55 White, Lari 15 Whitfield, Mark 18

Thorogood, George 34

Wiseman, Mac 19

Tilbrook, Glenn 51

Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whittaker, Hudson 20 Wilder, Webb 55 Williams, Jody 51 Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 York, Andrew 15 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zappa, Frank 17

Harmonica Adler, Larry 35 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Cotton, James 35 Dylan, Bob 58 Foster, Willie 36 Guthrie, Woody 2 Horton, Walter 19 Lewis, Huey 9 Little Walter 14 McClinton, Delbert 14 Musselwhite, Charlie 13 Reed, Jimmy 15 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thompson, Hank 43 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Wells, Junior 17 Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Wonder, Stevie 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield

Heavy Metal AC/DC 4 Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Alice in Chains 10 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Black Sabbath 9 Blue Oyster Cult 16 Cinderella 16 Circle Jerks 17 Coal Chamber 35 Coheed and Cambria 58 Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cradle of Filth 37 Danzig 7 Deep Purple 11


Cumulative Subject Index • 219 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, Betty 6 Carter, James 18 Carter, John 34 Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carter, Ron 14 Cassidy, Eva 35 Catherine, Philip 59 Chambers, Paul 18 Chanticleer 33 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cherry, Don 10 Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Christian, Charlie 11 Cincotti, Peter 52 Clarion Fracture Zone 45 Clarke, Kenny 35 Clarke, Stanley 3 Clements, Vassar 18 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Codona 44 Cohen, Avishai 42 Cole, Freddy 35 Cole, Holly 18 Cole, Nat King 3 Coleman, Ornette 5 Collins, John 39 Colon, Willie 37 Coltrane, Alice 52 Coltrane, John 4

Axelrod, David 34

Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baker, Chet 13 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Barber, Patricia 40 Barbieri, Gato 22 Barretto, Ray 37 Barron, Kenny 37 Barth, Bruce 50 Basie, Count 2 Bauer, Johannes 32 Bechet, Sidney 17 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Belgrave, Marcus 57 Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons Benson, George 9 Berigan, Bunny 2 Bey, Andy 45 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blackwell, Ed 55 Blake, Ran 38 Blakey, Art 11 Blanchard, Terence 13 Bley, Carla 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bolling, Claude 49 Botti, Chris 40 Bowie, Lester 29 Braff, Ruby 43 Brahem, Anouar 46 Brand New Heavies, The 14 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brecker, Michael 29 Bridgewater, Dee Dee 18 Broom, Bobby 38 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Brown, Clifford 24 Brown, Lawrence 23 Brown, Norman 29 Brown, Oscar 56 Brown, Ray 21 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brubeck, Dave 8 Bruel, Patrick 48 Bunnett, Jane 37 Burrell, Kenny 11 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Byard, Jaki 56

Ayers, Roy 39

Dirty Dozen 23

Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Elling, Kurt 31 Ellington, Duke 2 Ellis, Herb 18 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Eubanks, Kevin 35 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Fell, Simon H. 32 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Ferrell, Rachelle 17 Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Flanagan, Tommy 16 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Ford, Robben 54 Fountain, Pete 7 Francis, David “Panama” 37 Freeman, Von 48 Friesen, David 41 Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Gaillard, Slim 31 Galway, James 3 Garbarek, Jan 30 Garner, Erroll 25 Garrett, Kenny 28 Gayle, Charles 35 Gerhard-Garcıá, Alexandra 41 Getz, Stan 12 Gibbs, Terry 35 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Goodman, Benny 4 Gordon, Dexter 10 Grappelli, Stephane 10 Green, Benny 17 Green, Grant 14 Green, Urbie 36 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Hackett, Bobby 21 Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Hall, Jim 35 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Dixie Dregs 36

Harrell, Tom 28

Dolphy, Eric 36

Harris, Barry 32

Douglas, Dave 29

Harris, Eddie 15

Downing, Will 39

Harris, Teddy 22

Caine, Uri 31

Dulfer, Candy 35

Harrison, Wendell 56

Aznavour, Charles 45

Calloway, Cab 6

Eckstine, Billy 1

Hawkins, Coleman 11

Bad Plus, The 49

Canadian Brass, The 4

Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29

Hawkins, Erskine 19

Bailey, Mildred 13

Carlton, Larry 38

Edwards, Teddy 44

Hayes, Louis 40

Bailey, Pearl 5

Carter, Benny 3

Eldridge, Roy 9

Haynes, Roy 33

Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26 Whitesnake 5 White Zombie 17

Humor Borge, Victor 19 Coasters, The 5 Dr. Demento 23 Friedman, Kinky 35 Jones, Spike 5 Lehrer, Tom 7 Los Straitjackets 50 Moxy Früvous 45 Nixon, Mojo 32 Pearl, Minnie 3 Russell, Mark 6 Sandler, Adam 19 Schickele, Peter 5 Shaffer, Paul 13 Spinal Tap 8 Stevens, Ray 7 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Willis, Wesley 51 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Inventors Fender, Leo 10 Harris, Eddie 15 Moog, Robert A. 46 Partch, Harry 29 Paul, Les 2 Reichel, Hans 29 Teagarden, Jack 10 Theremin, Leon 19

Jazz Abercrombie, John 25 Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Acoustic Alchemy 38 Adderley, Cannonball 15 Adderley, Nat 29 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Alexander, Monty 59 Allen, Geri 10 Allen, Harry 61 Allison, Mose 17 Allyson, Karrin 42 AMM 41 Ammons, Albert 53 Ammons, Gene 39 Anderson, Ernestine 53 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Ray 7 Anderson, Wessell 42 Armstrong, Louis 4 Art Ensemble of Chicago 23 Austin, Patti 47 Avery, Teodross 23

Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Connors, Norman 30 Cook, Carla 57 Corea, Chick 6 Coxhill, Lol 41 Crawford, Randy 25 Culbertson, Brian 40 Cullum, Jamie 56 Dameron, Tadd 56 Dara, Olu 46 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40 Davis, Miles 1 Davison, Wild Bill 34 Dearie, Blossom 46 DeFranco, Buddy 31 DeJohnette, Jack 7 Denny, Martin 44 Dietrich, Marlene 25 Di Meola, Al 12


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Reeves, Dianne 16 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reinhardt, Django 7 Ribot, Marc 30 Rich, Buddy 13 Rippingtons 38 Rivers, Sam 29 Roach, Max 12 Roberts, Marcus 6 Robillard, Duke 2 Rodney, Red 14 Rollins, Sonny 7 Roney, Wallace 33 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Rumba Club 36 Rushen, Patrice 49 Rushing, Jimmy 37 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Saluzzi, Dino 23 Salvador, Henri 48 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Sandoval, Arturo 15 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Schneider, Maria 48 Schuur, Diane 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Schweizer, Irène 46 Scofield, John 7 Scott, Jimmy 14 Scott, Tony 32 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Sebesky, Don 33 Severinsen, Doc 1 Sharrock, Sonny 15 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shaw, Marlena 53 Shaw, Woody 27 Shearing, George 28 Sheeran, Phil 51 Shepp, Archie 43

Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Joe 14 Herman, Woody 12 Hibbler, Al 34 Hicks, John 59 Higgins, Billy 35 Hill, Andrew 41 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hinton, Milt 33 Hirt, Al 5 Ho, Fred 60 Hofmann, Holly 41 Holiday, Billie 6 Holland, Dave 27 Horn, Shirley 7 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Humes, Helen 19 Hunter, Alberta 7 Hunter, Charlie 24 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Incognito 16 Isham, Mark 14 Jackson, Milt 15 Jacquet, Illinois 53 Jamal, Ahmad 32 James, Boney 21 James, Harry 11 Jarreau, Al 1 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, J.J. 33 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnston, Phillip 36 Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Etta 37 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Norah 48 Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Thad 19 Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Kang, Eyvind 28

Kitt, Eartha 9 Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Koffman, Moe 34 Konitz, Lee 30 Kool & the Gang 58 Kowald, Peter 32 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Krupa, Gene 13 Laine, Cleo 10 Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lang, Eddie 60 Lateef, Yusef 16 Laws, Hubert 38 Lee, Peggy 8 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Liquid Soul 42 Little, Booker 36 Lloyd, Charles 22 London, Julie 32 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Lovano, Joe 13 Lynn, Vera 54 Mahavishnu Orchestra 19 Mahogany, Kevin 26 Malone, Russell 27 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mangione, Chuck 23 Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Mann, Herbie 16 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Martino, Pat 17 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matsui, Keiko 35 Mayer, John 50 McBride, Christian 17 McCorkle, Susannah 27 McFerrin, Bobby 3 McKay, Nellie 61 McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16 McLaughlin, John 12 McLean, Jackie 41 McNeely, Big Jay 37

Mingus, Charles 9 Monheit, Jane 33 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montgomery, Wes 3 Moody, James 34 Moran, Jason 44 Moreira, Airto 44 Morgan, Frank 9 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mr. Bungle 58 Muhammad, Idris 40 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Music Revelation Ensemble 43 Najee 21 Nascimento, Milton 6 Navarro, Fats 25 Niacin 51 NOJO 47 Northwoods Improvisers 31 Norvo, Red 12 O’Day, Anita 21 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Oliver, King 15 Oregon 30 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Oxley, Tony 32 Palmer, Jeff 20 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Paris Combo 54 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Leon 27 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, William 31 Pass, Joe 15 Paul, Les 2 Payton, Nicholas 27 Peacock, Gary 48 Pepper, Art 18 Perez, Danilo 25 Peterson, Oscar 11 Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pine, Courtney 51 Pizzarelli, John 50 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8

Puente, Tito 14

Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report

McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Pullen, Don 16

Silva, Alan 45

Purim, Flora 45

Silver, Horace 19

Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8

McRae, Carmen 9

Ralph Sharon Quartet 26

Simone, Nina 11

McShann, Jay 41

Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6

Sims, Zoot 37

Kenny G 14

Medeski, Martin & Wood 32

Randolph, Boots 57

Sloane, Carol 36

Kent, Stacey 28


Ranelin, Phil 55

Smith, Jimmy 54

Rebirth Brass Band 35

Smith, Jocelyn B. 30

Redman, Dewey 32

Smith, Tommy 28

Kenton, Stan 21 Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6

Portuondo, Omara 42 Powell, Bud 15 Previn, André 15 Professor Longhair 6


Cumulative Subject Index • 221 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Kid606 36 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Man or Astroman? 21 McVie, Christine 53 Mendes, Sergio 40 Merzbow 31 Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Orbital 20 Palmer, Jeff 20 Riley, Terry 32 Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Shaffer, Paul 13 Smog 28 Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Thievery Corporation 31 To Rococo Rot 31 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Waller, Fats 7 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wolf, Peter 31 Wonder, Stevie 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Worrell, Bernie 11 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Z, Rachel 40 Sneaker Pimps 60 Wild Strawberries 60

Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Eno, Brian 49 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Roxy Music

Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Café Tacuba 45

Waldron, Mal 43

Froom, Mitchell 15

Carr, Vikki 28

Walker, T-Bone 5

Hammer, Jan 21

Carvalho, Beth 60

Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cugat, Xavier 23 Downs, Lila 49 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 El Gran Combo 39 Elias, Eliane 50 Estefan, Gloria 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Feliciano, José 10 Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernández, Pedro 49 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab Flores, Rosie 50 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Frankie J. 58 Freeman, Chico 49 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gardel, Carlos 57 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Gilberto, João 33 Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Guerrero, Lalo 55 Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Iglesias, Enrique 27 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jara, Victor 59 Jordan, Esteban 49 Jorge, Seu 58 Juanes 43 Kumbia Kings 52 La India 35 La Ley 33 Lee, Rita 37 Lins, Ivan 58 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Los Palominos 53 Maná 37 Martin, Ricky 26 Mendoza, Lydia 56 Midon, Raul 57 Miguel, Luis 34 Molina, Juana 53 Molotov 47 Monte, Marisa 38 Montenegro, Pilar 52 Moré, Beny 57 Moreno, Jorge 54 Nascimento, Milton 6

Wallace, Bennie 31

Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Chayanne 44

O’Farrill, Chico 31

Chia, Enrique 54

Palmieri, Eddie 15

Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights

Hardcastle, Paul 20

Colon, Willie 37

Perez, Danilo 25

Hyman, Dick 39

Crespo, Elvis 36

Portuondo, Omara 42

Watanabe, Sadao 39

Jackson, Joe 22

Cristian 40

Prado, Pérez 53

Smith, Willie 58 Soft Machine 36 Solal, Martial 4 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Soulive 44 Spyro Gyra 34 Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stitt, Sonny 59 Strayhorn, Billy 13 String Trio of New York 40 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Tabackin, Lew 47 Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tate, Buddy 33 Tatum, Art 17 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Teagarden, Jack 10 Terrasson, Jacky 52 Terry, Clark 24 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thornton, Teri 28 Threadgill, Henry 9 Tin Hat Trio 41 Tisdale, Wayman 61 Torme, Mel 4 Torres, Nestor 36 Tristano, Lennie 30 Truffaz, Erik 54 Tuck & Patti 44 Tucker, Sophie 12 Turner, Big Joe 13 Turner, Mark 40 Turner, Roger 32 Turrentine, Stanley 42 Turtle Island String Quartet 9 Tyner, McCoy 7 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble US3 18 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdes, Chuco 25 Valentin, Dave 33 Vandermark, Ken 28 Van Hove, Fred 30 Vaughan, Sarah 2 Vitro, Roseanna 49

Washington, Dinah 5

Waters, Benny 58 Weather Report 19 Webb, Chick 14 Weber, Eberhard 41 Wells, Bill 34 Weston, Randy 15 Whalum, Kirk 39 Whitaker, Rodney 20 White, Tony Joe 61 Whiteman, Paul 17 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitfield, Weslia 39 Whittaker, Rodney 19 Willem Breuker Kollektief 28 Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Winding, Kai 35 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winter, Paul 10 Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 World Saxophone Quartet 39 Wright, Lizz 56 Yellowjackets 36 Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Z, Rachel 40 Zonjic, Alexander 53 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Juju Adé, King Sunny 18 Adewale, Segun 50 Obey, Ebenezer 49

Keyboards, Electric Air 33 Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bley, Paul 14 Brown, Tony 14 Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Corea, Chick 6 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Dolby, Thomas 10

Latin Music Alcione 51 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Aterciopelados 38 Baca, Susana 32 Bacilos 48 Banda el Recodo 56 Barretto, Ray 37 Bega, Lou 36 Beltrán, Lola 48

Bosé, Miguel 40 Canales, Laura 56

222 • Cumulative Subject Index Puente, Tito 14 Rodrigues, Virginia 48 Rosario 43 Rubio, Paulina 39 Rumba Club 36 Saluzzi, Dino 23 San Basilio, Paloma 60 Sánchez, David 40 Sandoval, Arturo 15 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sanz, Alejandro 35 Secada, Jon 13 Segundo, Compay 45 Selena 16 Sete, Bola 26 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Simonal, Wilson 33 Solis, Marco 56 Son by Four 35 Soraya 46 Sosa, Mercedes 3 Tañón, Olga 39 Thalia 38 Tijuana No! 32 Torres, Nestor 36 Trevi, Gloria 29 Troilo, Aníbal 58 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdès, Chucho 25 Valentin, Dave 33 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Vives, Carlos 38 Zaa, Charlie 51

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Baker, Josephine 10 Ball, Michael 43 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Berlin, Irving 8 Boone, Debby 46 Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Buckley, Betty 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Burnett, Carol 6 Carter, Nell 7 Channing, Carol 6 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Chevalier, Maurice 6 Crawford, Michael 4 Crosby, Bing 6 Curry, Tim 3 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4 Day, Doris 24 Eder, Linda 30 Garland, Judy 6 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Guettel, Adam 56 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Headley, Heather 37 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Johnson, James P. 16 Jolson, Al 10 Kander, John 33 Kern, Jerome 13 Laine, Cleo 10 Laliberté, Guy 51 Lerner and Loewe 13 Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Love, Darlene 46 LuPone, Patti 8 Martin, Mary 27 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matz, Peter 43 McDonald, Audra 36 Menken, Alan 10 Mercer, Johnny 13 Merman, Ethel 27 Moore, Melba 7 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Patinkin, Mandy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Peters, Bernadette 27 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Porter, Cole 10 Ritter, Tex 37 Robeson, Paul 8 Rodgers, Richard 9 Sager, Carole Bayer 5

Styne, Jule 21 Warfield, William 33 Waters, Ethel 11 Weill, Kurt 12 Whiting, Margaret 28 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Yeston, Maury 22

Oboe Lateef, Yusef 16 Rothwell, Evelyn 35

Opera

Moffo, Anna 59 Netrebko, Anna 49 Nilsson, Birgit 31 Norman, Jessye 7 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Price, Leontyne 6 Quasthoff, Thomas 26 Ramey, Samuel 51 Safina, Alessandro 42 Scholl, Andreas 38 Sills, Beverly 5 Solti, Georg 13 Sutherland, Joan 13 Tan Dun 33 Te Kanawa, Kiri 2 Terfel, Bryn 31 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Varnay, Astrid 60 Voigt, Deborah 42 von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 von Stade, Frederica 48 Watson, Russell 37 Weill, Kurt 12 Zimmerman, Udo 5

Andrews Sisters, The 9

Short, Bobby 55

Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Álvarez, Marcelo 45 Ameling, Elly 24 Amici Forever 57 Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Marian 8 Austral, Florence 26 Baker, Janet 14 Bartoli, Cecilia 51 Battle, Kathleen 6 Beltrán, Tito 28 Blegen, Judith 23 Bocelli, Andrea 59 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Bonney, Barbara 33 Börtz, Daniel 52 Bumbry, Grace 13 Caballe, Monserrat 23 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Callas, Maria 11 Carreras, José 34 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Caruso, Enrico 10 Chanticleer 33 Church, Charlotte 28 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Cotrubas, Ileana 1 Davis, Anthony 17 Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Eaglen, Jane 36 Evans, Anne 46 Fleming, Renee 24 Freni, Mirella 14 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gheorghiu, Angela 38 Graham, Susan 40 Graves, Denyce 16 Groban, Josh 47 Gruber, Andrea 54 Hampson, Thomas 12 Hendricks, Barbara 10 Heppner, Ben 23 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Horne, Marilyn 9 Il Divo 61 Jo, Sumi 37 Licitra, Salvatore 46

Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Sondheim, Stephen 8

Malfitano, Catherine 45

Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Mattila, Karita 48 McNair, Sylvia 15

N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab

Bailey, Pearl 5

Strouse, Charles 43

Menotti, Gian Carlo 37

Otis, Johnny 16

Liturgical Music Cooney, Rory 6 Talbot, John Michael 6

Mandolin Baldassari, Butch 43 Bromberg, David 18 Grisman, David 17 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Haynie, Aubrey 46 Lawson, Doyle 55 Lindley, David 2 Monroe, Bill 1 Rowan, Peter 51 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stuart, Marty 9

Musicals Allen, Debbie 8 Allen, Peter 11 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Shaffer, Paul 13

Percussion Aronoff, Kenny 21 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Barretto, Ray 37 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blakey, Art 11 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Connors, Norman 30 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The DeJohnette, Jack 7 Gerhard-Garcıá, Alexandra 41 Glennie, Evelyn 33 Gurtu, Trilok 29 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Henley, Don 3 Hussain, Zakir 32 Ibarra, Susie 55 Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Spike 5 Krupa, Gene 13 Mo’, Keb’ 21 Moreira, Airto 44

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Oxley, Tony 32 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Parker, Leon 27 Puente, Tito 14 Quaye, Finley 30 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Rich, Buddy 13 Roach, Max 12 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Scharin, Doug 32 Schütze, Paul 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Singh, Talvin 44 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Turner, Roger 32 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Webb, Chick 14

Piano Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Adamson, Barry 28 Adès, Thomas 30 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Alexander, Monty 59 Allen, Geri 10 Allison, Mose 17 Ammons, Albert 53 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Argerich, Martha 27 Arrau, Claudio 1 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Axton, Hoyt 28 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Barber, Patricia 40 Barenboim, Daniel 30 Barron, Kenny 37 Barth, Bruce 50 Basie, Count 2 Baxter, Les 47 Ben Folds Five 20 Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons Berlin, Irving 8 Bey, Andy 45 Blake, Eubie 19 Blake, Ran 38 Bley, Carla 8 Also see Golden Palominos

Brendel, Alfred 23 Brickman, Jim 22 Britten, Benjamin 15 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Brooks, Hadda 43 Brubeck, Dave 8 Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Buechner, Sara 53 Burns, Ralph 37 Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bushkin, Joe 54 Byard, Jaki 56 Caine, Uri 31 Cardew, Cornelius 56 Carlton, Vanessa 53 Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Chia, Enrique 54 Cincotti, Peter 52 Clayderman, Richard 1 Cleveland, James 1 Cliburn, Van 13 Cohen, Avishai 42 Cole, Freddy 35 Cole, Nat King 3 Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Coltrane, Alice 52 Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Crispell, Marilyn 47 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Cullum, Jamie 56 Davies, Dennis Russell 24 DeJohnette, Jack 7 Denny, Martin 44 Diamond, David 58 Domino, Fats 2 Dr. John 7 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Elias, Eliane 50 Ellington, Duke 2 Esquivel, Juan 17 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Feinstein, Michael 6 Feldman, Morton 42 Ferrell, Rachelle 17 Five for Fighting 36 Flack, Roberta 5 Flanagan, Tommy 16

Cumulative Subject Index • 223 Gaillard, Slim 31 Galás, Diamanda 16 Garner, Erroll 25 Gayle, Charles 35 Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Gould, Glenn 9 Green, Benny 17 Grimaud, Hélène 35 Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammill, Peter 30 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hanna, Roland, Sir 45 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Teddy 22 Helfgott, David 19 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Skitch 58 Hill, Andrew 41 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Horn, Shirley 7 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hough, Stephen 40 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Jackson, Joe 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jamal, Ahmad 32 James, Skip 24 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnson/last , Johnnie 56 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Norah 48 Joplin, Scott 10 Kater, Peter 35 Kenton, Stan 21 Keys, Alicia 46 Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Liberace 9 Line, Lorie 34 Little Richard 1 Lupu, Radu 36 MacDermot, Galt 49 MacGregor, Joanna 41 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Matsui, Keiko 35 Matthews, Eric 22 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McRae, Carmen 9 McShann, Jay 41 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Mingus, Charles 9 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Moran, Jason 44 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Nero, Peter 19 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Nile, Willie 31 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Peeters, Flor 51 Perahia, Murray 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Perez, Danilo 25 Perkins, Pinetop 54 Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Peterson, Oscar 11 Pires, Maria Joa¯o 26 Post, Mike 21 Powell, Bud 15 Pratt, Awadagin 19 Previn, André 15 Professor Longhair 6 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Quaye, Finley 30 Rangell, Andrew 24 Rich, Charlie 3 Riley, Terry 32 Roberts, Marcus 6 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Russell, Leon 35 Russell, Mark 6 Rzewski, Frederic 57 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Schweizer, Irène 46 Sedaka, Neil 4

Bley, Paul 14

Flynn, Frank Emilio 37

Bolcom, William 54

Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five

Kreviazuk, Chantal 33

Shaffer, Paul 13

Kurtág, György 54

Shepard, Vonda 35

Lanz, David 42

Shipp, Matthew 31

Boulanger, Nadia 56

Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Legend, John 61

Short, Bobby 55

Bratke, Marcelo 52

Frey, Glenn 3

Levine, James 8

Shostakovich, Dmitry 42

Bolling, Claude 49 Borge, Victor 19


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brickell, Edie 3 Bright Eyes 42 Brion, Jon 52 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Foxy 25 Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Bryson, Peabo 11 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Daughter 54 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bunton, Emma 54 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burroughs, William S. 26 B*Witched 33 Cabaret Voltaire 18 Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cameo 60 Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Tevin 13 Cantrell, Blu 45 Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cardigans 19 Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carlisle, Belinda 8 Carlton, Vanessa 53 Carmichael, Hoagy 27 Carnes, Kim 4 Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters Carpenters 13 Carr, Vikki 28 Carroll, Dina 31 Carter, Aaron 35

Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adams, Oleta 17 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adler, Larry 35 Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM 30 A-ha 22 Aiken, Clay 60 Air 33 Air Supply 22 Akon 61 All-4-One 17 All Saints 25 Almond, Marc 29 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Amante, Michael 61 A-Mei 40 America 16 Ames, Ed 31 Amorosi, Vanessa 37 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastacia 38 Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Andrews Sisters, The 9 Anggun 60 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anu, Christine 34 A1 41 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Aqua 34 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Arena, Tina 21 Armatrading, Joan 4 Arnold, Eddy 10 Artifacts 23 Ash 34 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Astley, Rick 5 Atari Teenage Riot 27 A*Teens 36 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atomic Fireballs, The 27 Austin, Sherrié 34 Autechre 35 Avalon, Frankie 5 Ayers, Kevin 58 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Baker, Arthur 23 Ball, Michael 43 Bananarama 22 Bangles 22 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barra MacNeils, The 48 Barrino, Fantasia 61 Basia 5 Bauhaus 27 BBMak 38 Beach Boys, The 1 Beat Happening 28 Beatles, The 2 Beau Brummels 39 Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bega, Lou 36 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Belly 16 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Benson, Brendan 55 Benson, George 9 Benton, Brook 7 Beta Band, The 27 Better Than Ezra 19 Beulah 48 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Big Star 36 Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black Eyed Peas 45 Blegvad, Peter 28 Blige, Mary J. 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Blink 182 27 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Blue Man Group 44 Blue Rodeo 18 Bluetones, The 29 BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Boltz, Ray 33 Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boo Radleys, The 21 Bosé, Miguel 40 Boston 11 Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Boyz II Men 15

Backstreet Boys 21

Boyzone 40

Pop

Badly Drawn Boy 33

Bragg, Billy 7

Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Abba 12

Badu, Erykah 26

Branca, Glenn 29

Chayanne 44

Abdul, Paula 3

Baha Men 32

Branigan, Laura 2

Checker, Chubby 7

Adam Ant 13

Bailey, Pearl 5

Braxton, Toni 44

Cher 35

Smith, Jimmy 54 Smith, Willie 58 Solal, Martial 4 Solti, Georg 13 Spann, Otis 18 Spektor, Regina 60 Spivey, Victoria 44 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Tatum, Art 17 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Teng, Vienna 55 Terrasson, Jacky 52 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Thornton, Teri 28 Tiersen, Yann 59 Tristano, Lennie 30 Tureck, Rosalyn 46 Tyner, McCoy 7 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdes, Chuco 25 Vangelis 21 Van Hove, Fred 30 Volodos, Arcadi 28 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, George 34 Waller, Fats 7 Wells, Bill 34 Weston, Randy 15 Williams, Jessica 39 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williamson, Malcolm 45 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wolf, Peter 31 Wolff, Christian 38 Wonder, Stevie 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Yancey, Jimmy 54 Young, La Monte 16

Piccolo Galway, James 3

Case, Peter 13 Cassidy, Eva 35 Catatonia 29 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chanticleer 33 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Tracy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13


Cumulative Subject Index • 225 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Four Lads, The 41 Four Tops, The 11 Fox, Samantha 3 Frampton, Peter 3 Also see Humble Pie Francis, Connie 10 Frankie Goes To Hollywood 31 Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 French Kicks 60 Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Full Force 36 Furtado, Nelly 47 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Garfunkel, Art 4 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Gaye, Marvin 4 Gayle, Crystal 1 Gaynor, Gloria 36 Geldof, Bob 9 Genesis 4 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gift, Roland 3 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilmore, Thea 48 Gin Blossoms 18 Ginsberg, Allen 26 Go-Go’s, The 24 Goldfrapp 59 Gong 24 Goodman, Benny 4 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gore, Lesley 35 Gorillaz 42 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Grant, Gogi 28 Gray, David 30 Gray, Macy 32 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Groove Armada 39 Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Haack, Bruce 37 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hamasaki, Ayumi 45 Hammer, M.C. 5

Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher Cherry, Neneh 4 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Cheung, Jacky 33 Chic 39 Chicago 3 Chiffons, The 43 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Chordettes, The 34 Cibo Matto 28 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Petula 40 Clarkson, Kelly 53 Clayderman, Richard 1 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Coasters, The 5 Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cocteau Twins, The 12 Cohn, Marc 43 Coldplay 32 Cole, Lloyd 9 Cole, Nat King 3 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cole, Paula 20 Collins, Edwyn 47 Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Color Me Badd 23 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Commodores, The 23 Como, Perry 14 Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Conniff, Ray 37 Connor, Chris 30 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Coolidge, Rita 40 Cope, Julian 16 Cornell, Don 30 Cornershop 24 Corrs, The 32 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Crash Test Dummies 14

Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Cross, Christopher 60 Crow, Sheryl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 12 Crystal Method, The 35 Culture Club 37 Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Daft Punk 33 Dalaras, George 40 Dalton, Nic 31 Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The Damone, Vic 33 Daniel Amos 44 Danielson 59 D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 Darin, Bobby 4 Dave, Edmunds 28 Dave Clark Five, The 12 David, Craig 42 Davies, Ray 5 Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4 Davis, Skeeter 15 Day, Doris 24 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 dB’s, The 37 Death Cab For Cutie 49 DeBarge, El 14 Decemberists, The 55 DeFrancesco, Joey 29 Del Amitri 18 Delerium 37 Delirious? 33 Dells, The 30 Del Rubio Triplets 21 Del Vikings, The 35 Denny, Martin 44 Denver, John 1 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 DeShannon, Jackie 40 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destiny’s Child 33 Destroyer 51 Devo 13 Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dido 46 Dietrich, Marlene 25 Dion, Celine 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Dion 4 Dismemberment Plan 58

Doobie Brothers, The 3 Doors, The 4 Dream Syndicate 53 Drifters, The 38 Droge, Pete 24 Dubstar 22 Duff, Hilary 52 Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Dury, Ian 30 Dylan, Bob 58 Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Earlimart 54 Earth, Wind and Fire 12 Easton, Sheena 2 Eder, Linda 30 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 eels 57 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Elastica 29 Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elfman, Danny 9 Elliot, Cass 5 Also see Mamas and the Papas Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 En Vogue 10 Estefan, Gloria 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evan and Jaron 38 Everly Brothers, The 2 Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Exposé 4 Fabian, Lara 34 Fabian 5 Faith, Percy 43 Faithless 37 Falkner, Jason 57 Farnham, John 32 Fatboy Slim 22 Feliciano, José 10 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferry, Bryan 1 Fiedler, Arthur 6 Fifth Dimension 36 Fine Young Cannibals 22 Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House Fisher, Eddie 12 Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Flack, Roberta 5 Flamingos, The 36

Crenshaw, Marshall 5

Ditty Bops, The 59

Fogelberg, Dan 4

Crespo, Elvis 36

Divine Comedy, The 32

Cristian 40

Doc Pomus 14


Croce, Jim 3

Donnas, The 33

Fordham, Julia 15

Hardiman, Ronan 35

Crosby, David 3

Donovan 9

Foster, David 60

Harding, John 58

Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hanson 20 Harcourt, Ed 54


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Lovett, Lyle 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Lulu 32 Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lush 13 Lynne, Jeff 5 Maal, Baaba 37 MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 MacNeil, Rita 29 Madness 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Magnetic Fields, The 28 Mamas and the Papas 21 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mann, Barry 30 Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Maroon 5 54 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marshall, Amanda 27 Martin, Dean 1 Martin, George 6 Martin, Mary 27 Martin, Ricky 26 Martinez, Angie 43 Marx, Richard 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Mathis, Johnny 2 Mathosa, Lebo 61 Mazzy Star 17 McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Jesse 60 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 McDonald, Audra 36 McFerrin, Bobby 3 McGuire Sisters, The 27 McIntyre, Joey 34 Also see New Kids on the Block McKay, Nellie 61 McLachlan, Sarah 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLean, Don 7 McLennan, Grant 21 Medley, Bill 3 Melanie 12

Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jacksons, The 7 Jagged Edge 36 James, Harry 11 James, Joni 30 James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 James 12 Jan & Dean 32 Jarreau, Al 1 Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jazz Butcher, The 30 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jellyfish 54 Jesus Jones 23 Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jo, Sumi 37 Jodeci 13 Joe 33 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Johansen, David 7 Johansen, Kevin 48 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnston, Freedy 20 JoJo 61 Jolson, Al 10 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Tom 11 Joplin, Janis 3 Jordanaires, The 44 Joy Electric 26 Kaas, Patricia 41 Katrina and the Waves 48 Kaye, Carol 22 KC and the Sunshine Band 46 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kelis 48 Kelly, Paul 40 Khaled 33 Khan, Chaka 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kid606 36 King, Ben E. 7 King, Carole 6

Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Komeda 52 Kool & the Gang 13 Kraftwerk 9 Krebs, Pete 43 Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Kula Shaker 47 Kweller, Ben 57 LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Laika 47 La India 35 Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lamond, Mary Jane 33 Lane, Fred 28 lang, kd 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lauper, Cyndi 61 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Lavigne, Avril 50 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lee, CoCo 36 Leftfield 29 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lemper, Ute 14 Len 32 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Lennox, Annie 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Also see Eurythmics Lerche, Sondre 50 Le Tigre 55 Lettermen, The 30 Lewis, Huey 9 Liberace 9 Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Lightning Seeds 21 Lisa Lisa 23 Little Eva 48 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Kingsmen, The 34

Lohan, Lindsay 60

Kings of Convenience 51

London, Julie 32

Melcher, Terry 53

Jackson, Joe 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Mendes, Sergio 40

Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Kitt, Eartha 9

Lord, Mary Lou 54

Mercury Rev 28

Knife, The 61

Loud Family, The 31

Merman, Ethel 27

Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hardy, Françoise 43 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Hawkins, Sophie B. 21 Haymes, Dick 36 Haza, Ofra 29 Headley, Heather 37 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Henderson, Skitch 58 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Herman’s Hermits 5 Hewitt, Jennifer Love 41 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The His Name Is Alive 43 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Hollies, The 39 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Horn, Trevor 33 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Human League, The 17 Humperdinck, Engelbert 19 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Idlewild 30 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Iglesias, Enrique 27 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Il Divo 61 Imbruglia, Natalie 27 Impressions, The 36 Incubus 23 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ingram, James 11 Ink Spots, The 23 INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Jackson, Janet 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Merchant, Natalie 25



Michael, George 49 Midler, Bette 50 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Miguel, Luis 34 Mike & the Mechanics 17 Miller, Mitch 11 Miller, Roger 4 Milli Vanilli 4 Mills Brothers, The 14 Minekawa, Takako 53 Minnelli, Liza 19 Minogue, Kylie 32 Minton, Phil 29 Minus 5, The 51 Missing Persons 39 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mojave 3 26 Moloko 37 Momus 47 Money, Eddie 16 Monheit, Jane 33 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monkees, The 7 Montand, Yves 12 Monte, Marisa 38 Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Mandy 35 Moorer, Allison 40 Morcheeba 25 Morgan, Jane 30 Morissette, Alanis 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Morrison, Jim 3 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Mounir, Mohamed 48 Mountain Goats, The 51 Mouskouri, Nana 12 Moyet, Alison 12 Mraz, Jason 52 Mr. Bungle 58 M2M 42 Mui, Anita 48 Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Murray, Anne 4 Mya 32 My Bloody Valentine 29 Myles, Alannah 4 Nada Surf 57 Na Leo 38 Naté, Ultra 34

New Kids on the Block 3 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 New Pornographers 57 New Radicals, The 57 Newton, Juice 37 Newton, Wayne 2 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nico 47 Also see Velvet Underground, The Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 98 Degrees 32 Nino Tempo & April Stevens 47 Nitty Gritty Dirt Band 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Nixon, Mojo 32 No Doubt 42 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Norman, Bebo 58 ’N Sync 25 Numan, Gary 47 Nyro, Laura 12 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Ocean, Billy 4 O’Connell, Maura 60 O’Connor, Sinead 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Odds 20 Of Montreal 56 O’Hara, Mary 47 Oingo Boingo 39 Oldfield, Mike 18 Old 97’s 33 Orbit, William 30 Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 21 Orlando, Tony 15 Orton, Beth 26 Osborne, Joan 19

N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab

Paradis, Vanessa 50 Parks, Van Dyke 17

R.E.M. 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Riders in the Sky 33 Rihanna 59 Riley, Teddy 14 Rilo Kiley 52 Robbins, Marty 9 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rockapella 34 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rolling Stones 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ronstadt, Linda 2 Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Rosario 43 Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Roxette 23 Royal Crown Revue 33 Rubio, Paulina 39 Ruffin, David 6 RuPaul 20 Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Safina, Alessandro 42 Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sahir, Kadim al- 44 Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Saint Etienne 28 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Sanz, Alejandro 35 Savage Garden 32 Scissor Sisters 61 S Club 7 37 Sea and Cake, The 48 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seals, Dan 9 Seals & Crofts 3 Searchers, The 41 Secada, Jon 13 Sedaka, Neil 4 Selena 16 Setzer, Brian 32 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shaggs, The 46 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shamen, The 23

Negativland 30

Parsons, Alan 12

Rentals, The 50

Shangri-Las, The 35

Nelly 40

Republica 20

Shearing, George 28

Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The

Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Neville Brothers, The 4

Pastels, The 45

Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osmond, Donny 3 O-Town 44 Out of the Grey 37 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Page, Patti 11 Papas Fritas 29 Paris Combo 54

Paul, Prince 29 Paul, Sean 42 Pausini, Laura 42 Pedro the Lion 57 Peebles, Ann 30 Peel, John 43 Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Pernice Brothers 33 Perry, Linda 38 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Pet Shop Boys 57 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Phillips, Sam 12 Phoenix 59 Piaf, Edith 8 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pink 37 Pitney, Gene 39 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57 Plus One 43 Pointer Sisters, The 9 Polyphonic Spree, The 51 Porter, Cole 10 Portuondo, Omara 42 Prefab Sprout 15 Presley, Elvis 1 Prewitt, Archer 57 Priest, Maxi 20 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Proclaimers, The 13 Prodigy 22 Propellerheads 26 Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Queen 6 Quickspace 30 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ramazzotti, Eros 52 Rea, Chris 12 Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Reed, Dean 38 Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas

Rhodes, Emitt 55

SHeDAISY 36

Rice, Damien 50

Sheep on Drugs 27

Richard, Cliff 14

Sheik, Duncan 32


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Williams, Robbie 60 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Victoria 17 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Wilson Phillips 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Womack, Bobby 5 Womack, Lee Ann 33 Wonder, Stevie 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young, Tata 61 Young M.C. 4

Thievery Corporation 31

Tommy James and the Shondells 35 Tony! Toni! Toné! 12 Torme, Mel 4 Torres, Nestor 36 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Traore, Rokia 53 Trevi, Gloria 29 Tse, Nicholas 44 Tumes, Michelle 37 Tunstall, KT 61 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Turtles, The 29 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Ultravox 38 Uncle Kracker 42 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Vale, Jerry 30 Valli, Frankie 10 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vanessa-Mae 26 Vannelli, Gino 52 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Velocity Girl 23 Veloso, Caetano 28 Velvet Crush 28 Vinton, Bobby 12 Vissi, Anna 41 Vitamin C 33 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Walsh, Joe 5 Warnes, Jennifer 3 Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Washington, Dinah 5 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Weather Girls, The 52 Webb, Jimmy 12 Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Weller, Paul 14 Wemba, Papa 40

Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The

Thomas, Irma 16

Westlife 33

Thompson Twins 43

Whiting, Margaret 28

Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The

Three Dog Night 5

Whittaker, Roger 41

Child, Desmond 30

Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Tiffany 4

Who, The 3

Tikaram, Tanita 9

Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Timberlake, Justin 60

Wilco 47 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Timbuk 3 3

Williams, Andy 2

Clement, Jack 57

Stereo MC’s 34

TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Williams, Dar 21 Williams, Deniece 1

Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Toad the Wet Sprocket 13

Williams, Joe 11

Cohen, Lyor 29

Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Shepard, Vonda 35 Shins, The 52 Shirelles, The 11 Shonen Knife 13 Shore, Dinah 36 Siberry, Jane 6 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simpson, Ashlee 58 Simpson, Jessica 52 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sinatra, Nancy 52 Sisqo´ 34 Also see Dru Hill Sissel 42 Sixpence None the Richer 26 Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Keely 29 Smiths, The 3 Sneaker Pimps 60 Snow, Pheobe 4 Sobule, Jill 20 Soft Cell 43 Son by Four 35 Songs: Ohia 49 Sonny and Cher 24 Soraya 46 Soul Coughing 21 Spaniels, The 43 Sparks 18 Spears, Britney 28 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spector, Ronnie 28 Also see Ronettes, The Spedding, Chris 61 Spektor, Regina 60 Spice Girls 22 Springfield, Dusty 20 Springfield, Rick 9 Spring Heel Jack 30 Springsteen, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Squeeze 5 Stafford, Jo 24 Stansfield, Lisa 9 Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Kay 27

Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stockwood, Kim 26 Story, The 13 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Studdard, Ruben 61 Sturr, Jimmy 33 Suede 20 Sum 41 38 Summer, Donna 12 Sundays, The 20 Sunset Valley 31 Superchunk 29 Super Furry Animals 28 Supremes, The 6 Surfaris, The 23 Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet, Matthew 9 Swell 31 Swing Out Sister 40 SWV 14 Sylvian, David 27 Taking Back Sunday 58 Talking Heads 1 Talk Talk 19 Tañón, Olga 39 Taylor, Ben 60 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, Steve 26 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Teenage Fanclub 13 Tegan and Sara 58 Temptations, The 3 10,000 Maniacs 3 Texas 27 Thalia 38 The The 15 They Might Be Giants 7

Producers Ackerman, Will 3 Adler, Lou 58 Afanasieff, Walter 26 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Austin, Dallas 16 Avant 54 Axelrod, David 34 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Banner, David 58 Bass, Ralph 24 Benitez, Jellybean 15 Brion, Jon 52 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Tony 14 Browne, Jackson 3 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Clarke, Stanley 3

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Connors, Norman 30 Cornelius 44 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cowell, Simon 52 Cropper, Steve 12 Crowell, Rodney 8 Dalton, Nic 31 Danger Mouse 59 Dave, Edmunds 28 Davies, Gail 38 Dickinson, Jim 59 Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Dimitri from Paris 43 Dixon, Willie 10 DJ Krush 60 Dolby, Thomas 10 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Dust Brothers 32 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Eicher, Manfred 38 Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Eno, Brian 49 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Ertegun, Nesuhi 24 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Fripp, Robert 9 Froom, Mitchell 15 Gabler, Milton 25 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Garnier, Laurent 29 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Grae, Jean 52 Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Granz, Norman 37 Gray, F. Gary 19 Grusin, Dave 7 Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Horn, Trevor 33 Iglauer, Bruce 37

Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jordan, Montell 26 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 King Tubby 51 Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Krasnow, Bob 15 Lange, Mutt 47 Lanois, Daniel 8 Lasar, Mars 39 Laswell, Bill 14 Legend, Johnny 58 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lil’ Jon 52 Lillywhite, Steve 13 Lynne, Jeff 5 Madlib 48 Mandel, Johnny 28 Marley, Rita 10 Martin, George 6 Master P 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McKnight, Brian 22 McLaren, Malcolm 23 Meek, Joe 46 Melcher, Terry 53 MF Doom 54 Miller, Marcus 38 Miller, Mitch 11 Most, Mickie 29 Neptunes, The 45 Nevil, Robbie 61 Oakenfold, Paul 32 Orbit, William 30 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Pablo, Augustus 37 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parsons, Alan 12 Paul, Prince 29 Post, Mike 21 Prefuse 73 56 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Reid, Antonio 44 Riley, Teddy 14 RJD2 54 Robertson, Robbie 2 Rodgers, Nile 8 Rose, Fred 58

Cumulative Subject Index • 229 Salem, Kevin 32 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Scruggs, Randy 28 Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD Sherwood, Adrian 31 Shocklee, Hank 15 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Singh, Talvin 44 Size, Roni 31 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Storch, Scott 61 Sure!, Al B. 13 Sweat, Keith 13 Swizz Beatz 56 Tall Paul 36 Talmy, Shel 52 Timbaland 42

Ragtime Johnson, James P. 16 Joplin, Scott 10

Rap

Weiser, Ronny 58

Akon 61 Arrested Development 14 Austin, Dallas 16 AZ 44 Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Banks, Lloyd 60 Banner, David 58 Basehead 11 Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Big Punisher 43 Big Tymers, The 42 Biz Markie 10 Blackalicious 39 Black Eyed Peas 45 Black Sheep 15 Bleek, Memphis 56 Bone Thugs-N-Harmony 18 Bow Wow 45 Bubba Sparxxx 48 Buck 65 56 Busta Rhymes 18 Campbell, Luther 10 Cam’ron 39 Cappadonna 43 Cassidy 57 Cee-Lo 49 Cherry, Neneh 4 Chingy 53 Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Common 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Coolio 19

West, Kanye 58

Cypress Hill 11

Wexler, Jerry 15

Da Brat 30

Whelan, Bill 20

Das EFX 14

Wildhorn, Frank 31

Dead Prez 54

Willner, Hal 10

De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Too $hort 16 Toussaint, Allen 11 Tricky 18 Tyrell, Steve 52 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Vasquez, Junior 16 Vig, Butch 17 Visconti, Tony 53 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Watt, Mike 22

Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The

Del the Funky Homosapien 30

Winbush, Angela 15

Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy”

Wolf, Peter 31

Digable Planets 15

Woods-Wright, Tomica 22

Digital Underground 9

Promoters Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cohen, Lyor 29

Dizzee Rascal 53 DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince 5 DMX 25

Rosnes, Renée 44

Geldof, Bob 9

Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A.

Graham, Bill 10

D12 57

Iovine, Jimmy 46

Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Hay, George D. 3

Jackson, Millie 14

Rundgren, Todd 11

Meek, Joe 46

Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Jazze Pha 58 Jerkins, Rodney 38

RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan

Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Eazy-E 13 Also see N.W.A.

Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11

Saadiq, Raphael 52

Walden, Phil 59

E-40 46

Cowell, Simon 52


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Sir Mix-A-Lot 14 Slick Rick 27 Slum Village 51 Smith, Will 26 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Snow 23 Spearhead 19 Special Ed 16 Streets, The 50 Sugarhill Gang 60 Sure!, Al B. 13 Swizz Beatz 56 Three 6 Mafia 59 T.I. 56 Timbaland 42 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 T-Love 49 Tone-Loc 3 Too $hort 16 Tribe Called Quest, A 8 Trick Daddy 28 Tricky 18 Trina 41 Tweet 55 Twista 54 2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground Uncle Kracker 42 Usher 23 US3 18 Vanilla Ice 6 Warren G 33 West, Kanye 58 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31 Wu-Tang Clan 19 Xzibit 31 Ying Yang Twins 57 Young Jeezy 61

Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Eicher, Manfred 38 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Geffen, David 8 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Granz, Norman 37 Hammond, John 6 Harley, Bill 7 Harrell, Andre 16 Iglauer, Bruce 37 Iovine, Jimmy 46 Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Knight, Suge 15 Koppelman, Charles 14 Krasnow, Bob 15 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lil’ Wayne 59 LiPuma, Tommy 18 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Marley, Rita 10 Martin, George 6 Master P 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Meek, Joe 46 Mercer, Johnny 13 Miller, Mitch 11 Mingus, Charles 9 Mottola, Tommy 36 Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ostin, Mo 17 Penner, Fred 10 Perry, Ted 53 Phillips, Sam 5 Reid, Antonio 44 Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rhone, Sylvia 13 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Robinson, Sylvia 55 Rose, Fred 58 Roumain, Daniel 54

Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 EPMD 10 Eric B. and Rakim 9 ESG 45 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Eve 34 Fabolous 47 Fat Boys, The 47 Fat Joe 42 50 Cent 55 Franti, Michael 16 Fugees, The 17 Gang Starr 13 Geto Boys, The 11 Ghostface Killah 33 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Goodie Mob 24 Grae, Jean 52 Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Gravediggaz 23 Hammer, M.C. 5 Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Heavy D 10 House of Pain 14 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A. Ice-T 7 Insane Clown Posse 22 Jackson, Millie 14 Jadakiss 51 Ja Rule 36 Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jazze Pha 58 Jeru the Damaja 33 Jurassic 5 42 Juvenile 61 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Kane, Big Daddy 7 Kardinal Offishall 61 Kid ’n Play 5 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Knight, Suge 15 Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Kool Moe Dee 9 Kris Kross 11 KRS-One 8 Kurupt 35 Kweli, Talib 43 Lady Sovereign 61 Last Poets 21 Lil’ Jon 52 Lil’ Kim 30

Mario 55 Martinez, Angie 43 Mase 27 Masta Ace 40 Master P 22 MC Breed 17 MC Eiht 27 MC Lyte 8 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 MC Serch 10 Method Man 31 MF Doom 54 Monch, Pharoahe 29 M.O.P. 34 Mos Def 41 Mystikal 29 Nappy Roots 46 Nas 49 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Nate Dogg 51 Naughty by Nature 11 Nelly 40 Notorious B.I.G. 20 N.W.A. 6 Ol’ Dirty Bastard 42 Also see Wu-Tang Clan OutKast 33 Panjabi MC 46 Peaches 46 People Under The Stairs 39 Pharcyde, The 17 P.M. Dawn 11 Princess Superstar 39 Public Enemy 4 Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Rakim 46 Also see Eric B. and Rakim Redman 35 Riley, Teddy 14 Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Ross, Rick 61 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Run DMC 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Salt-N-Pepa 6 Santana, Juelz 58 Scarface 41 Also see Geto Boys, The Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Lil’ Wayne 59

Shanté 10

L.L. Cool J 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Shocklee, Hank 15

Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Shyne 54

Cowell, Simon 52

Size, Roni 31

Love, G. 24

Sigel, Beanie 55

Ludacris 38

Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Davis, Clive 14

Talmy, Shel 52

Madlib 48

Young M.C. 4 Yo Yo 9

Record Company Executives Abner, Ewart 41 Ackerman, Will 3 Adler, Lou 58 Allison, Joe 42 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Blackwell, Chris 26 Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Tony 14 Busby, Jheryl 9 Chess, Leonard 24 Cohen, Lyor 29

Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7



Marley, Damian 39

Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Marley, Rita 10

Bishop, Elvin 41

Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Blackstreet 23

Matisyahu 59

Blessid Union of Souls 20

Minott, Sugar 31 Mowatt, Judy 46

Blige, Mary J. 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Mystic Revealers 16

Blues Brothers, The 3

Pablo, Augustus 37

Bofill, Angela 57

Earlier sketch in CM 19 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brooks, Hadda 43 Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brownstone 21 Bryson, Peabo 11 B2K 42 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Busby, Jheryl 9 Cameo 60 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Tevin 13 Cantrell, Blu 45 Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carr, James 23 Case 38 C + C Music Factory 16 Chandler, Gene 46 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ciara 61 Clark-Sheard, Karen 48 Clovers, The 42 Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Color Me Badd 23 Commodores, The 23 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Costa, Nikka 56 Crawford, Randy 25 Cropper, Steve 12 Curtis, King 17 D’Angelo 20 D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 David, Craig 42 Davis, Billy 52 DeBarge, Chico 53 DeBarge, El 14 Del Vikings, The 35 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destiny’s Child 33 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Diddley, Bo 3 Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Domino, Fats 2 Downing, Will 39

Paragons, The 53

Dr. John 7

Paul, Sean 42

Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4

En Vogue 10 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Everett, Betty 47 Evora, Cesaria 19 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Floetry 49 Four Tops, The 11 Fox, Samantha 3 Frankie J. 58 Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Funk Brothers 42 Gaye, Marvin 4 Gill, Johnny 20 Ginuwine 34 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gray, Macy 32 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Vivian 57 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hathaway, Donny 42 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hayes, Isaac 10 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Holloway, Brenda 45 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Howard, Miki 38 Howland, Don 24 Hurt, Mississippi John 24 Hyman, Phyllis 49 Incognito 16 India.Arie 41 Ingram, James 11 Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Jackson, Freddie 3 Jackson, Janet 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jacksons, The 7 Jagged Edge 36 Jaheim 42 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jodeci 13 Joe 33

Dru Hill 25

John, Willie 25

Perry, Lee “Scratch” 52

Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24

Earth, Wind and Fire 12

Johnson, Donnie 48

Quaye, Finley 30

Box Tops, The 44

Eartha 44

Johnson, Ella 50

Ranks, Shabba 38

Boyz II Men 15

Johnson, Syleena 49

Sanchez 38

Brandy 57

Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Teller, Al 15 Too $hort 16 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Walden, Phil 59 Waronker, Simon 57 Weiser, Ronny 58 Wexler, Jerry 15 Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31 Woods-Wright, Tomica 22

Reggae Akon 61 Aswad 34 Bad Brains 16 Banton, Buju 35 Bedouin Soundclash 58 Beenie Man 33 Big Mountain 23 Big Youth 43 Black Uhuru 41 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Blondy, Alpha 40 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Dennis 29 Burning Spear 15 Calderón, Tego 53 Capleton 40 Christafari 51 Cliff, Jimmy 8 Coco Tea 36 Congos, The 58 Dairo, I.K. 48 Dekker, Desmond 57 Delgado, Junior 46 Dillon, Phyllis 53 Dodd, Clement Coxsone 50 Dube, Lucky 17 Elephant Man 48 Griffiths, Marcia 45 Inner Circle 15 Israel Vibration 21 Kelly, Junior 49 King Tubby 51 Kitchener, Lord 29 Lady Saw 41 Levy, Barrington 45 Livingstone, Dandy 52 Long Beach Dub All Stars 58 Luciano 41 Marley, Bob 3

Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Sherwood, Adrian 31 Silk, Garnett 39 Sizzla 36 Skatalites, The 18 Sly and Robbie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Steel Pulse 14 Third World 13 Toots and the Maytals 36 Tosh, Peter 3 UB40 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 U-Roy 37 Wailer, Bunny 11 Wailing Souls 32 Wonder, Wayne 43 Yellowman 42

Rhythm and Blues/Soul Aaliyah 47 Earlier sketch in CM Abdul, Paula 3 Adams, Johnny 33 Adams, Oleta 17 Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM Akon 61 Alexander, Arthur 14 All-4-One 17 Amerie 56 Ashanti 45 Association, The 59 Austin, Dallas 16 Avant 54 Badu, Erykah 26 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM Baker, LaVern 25 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM Ballard, Hank 17 Baltimore, Charli 54 Basehead 11 Bass, Fontella 49 Becker, Margaret 31

21

30

9

15

Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Benét, Eric 27

Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12

Jon B. 41


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Wilson, Charlie 51 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Winans, Mario 50 Winans, The 12 Winbush, Angela 15 Winehouse, Amy 61 Withers, Bill 54 Womack, Bobby 5 Wonder, Stevie 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wright, Jaguar 57 Yuro, Timi 60 Zhane 22

Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Grace 9 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch CM 2 Jordan, Louis 11 Jordan, Montell 26 K-Ci & JoJo 34 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Kelis 48 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Keys, Alicia 46 Khan, Chaka 19 Earlier sketch CM 9 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 King, Earl 44 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Kool & the Gang 13 Kool & the Gang 58 LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Lance, Major 58 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lattimore, Kenny 51 LaVette, Bettye 58 Legend, John 61 Legend, Johnny 58 Les Nubians 45 Levert, Gerald 35 Lil’ Mo 44 Little Eva 48 Los Lobos 2 Love, G. 24 Lyfe 58 Mack, Lonnie 37 Mario 55 Martha and the Vandellas 25 Maxwell 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McDonald, Michael 59 McKnight, Brian 22 McPhatter, Clyde 25 Also see Drifters, The Medley, Bill 3 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Milian, Christina 53 Milli Vanilli 4 Mills, Stephanie 21 Mint Condition 29 Mo’, Keb’ 21 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26

Muhammad, Idris 40 Musiq 40 Mya 32 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Nesby, Ann 57 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville Brothers, The 4 Ocean, Billy 4 Ohio Players 16 O’Jays, The 13 112 49 Orioles, The 35 Otis, Johnny 16 Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Peniston, CeCe 15 Perry, Phil 24 Phillips, Esther 46 Pickett, Wilson 10 Pink 37 Platters, The 25 Pointer Sisters, The 9 Price, Kelly 34 Price, Lloyd 25 Priest, Maxi 20 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rainey, Ma 22 Rawls, Lou 60 Redding, Otis 5 Reese, Della 13 Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas Reid, Antonio 44 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Rihanna 59 Riley, Teddy 14 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Robinson, Sylvia 55 Ronettes, The 45 Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The Ruff Endz 41 Ruffin, David 6 Also see Temptations, The Rushen, Patrice 49 Saadiq, Raphael 52 Sam and Dave 8 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scott, Jill 39

Monifah 24

Sharpe, Ray 53

Also see Dru Hill Sister Sledge 37 Sledge, Percy 15 Sly & the Family Stone 24 Soul II Soul 17 Spinners, The 21 Stansfield, Lisa 9 Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Staples, Pops 11 Staton, Candi 45 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stone, Angie 37 Stone, Joss 52 Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly & the Family Stone Strehli, Angela 58 Studdard, Ruben 61 Subdudes, The 18 Supremes, The 6 Sure!, Al B. 13 Sweat, Keith 13 SWV 14 Tamia 34 Tate, Howard 45 Teena Marie 49 Temptations, The 3 Terrell, Tammi 49 Third World 13 Thomas, Irma 16 Thornton, Big Mama 18 3LW 44 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Tony! Toni! Toné! 12 Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40 Troy, Doris 47 Truth Hurts 50 Turner, Ike and Tina 24 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Tweet 55 Tyrese 34 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Walker, Junior 30 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Wells, Mary 51 Wexler, Jerry 15

Moonglows, The 33

Shaw, Marlena 53

White, Karyn 21

Moore, Chante 21

Shirelles, The 11

Williams, Andre 60

Moore, Melba 7

Shocklee, Hank 15

Williams, Deniece 1

Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Silk 26

Williams, Saul 57

Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28

Sisqo´ 34

Williams, Vanessa 54

Apples in Stereo 30

Secada, Jon 13 Shai 23 Shanice 14

Rock AC/DC 4 Adam, Margie 39 Adam Again 61 Adam Ant 13 Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adkins, Hasil 49 Aereogramme 61 Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Afghan Whigs 17 AFI 53 Afro Celt Sound System 46 Alarm 2 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alexander, Arthur 14 Alexisonfire 55 Alice in Chains 10 Alien Ant Farm 61 Alien Sex Fiend 23 Alkaline Trio 56 Earlier sketch in CM 34 All-American Rejects, The 59 Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allman Brothers, The 6 Aloha 59 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X America 16 American Hi-Fi 44 American Music Club 15 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish Andrew W.K. 46 Animals 22 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11



April Wine 43 Aquabats 22 Arab Strap 33 Archers of Loaf 21 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Art of Noise 22 Ash 34 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Asian Dub Foundation 30 Association, The 59 Aterciopelados 38 At The Drive-In 32 Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Audioslave 56 Average White Band 38 Ayers, Kevin 58 Aztec Camera 22 Babes in Toyland 16 Bachman Turner Overdrive 50 Bacilos 48 Bad Brains 16 Bad Company 22 Badfinger 23 Bad Religion 28 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Ballard, Hank 17 Band, The 9 Bangs, Lester 44 Bardo Pond 28 Barenaked Ladies 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Basehead 11 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Beach Boys, The 1 Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Beat Farmers, The 23 Beatles, The 2 Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Beck 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bedouin Soundclash 58 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Belle and Sebastian 28 Belly 16 Benatar, Pat 8

Also see Dead Kennedys Big Audio Dynamite 18 Big Country 49 Big Head Todd and the Monsters 20 Big Star 36 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Bishop, Jeb 28 Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The Black Crowes, The 35 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Black Flag 22 Black 47 37 Blackman, Cindy 15 Black Rebel Motorcycle Club 58 Black Sabbath 9 Blasters, The 41 Blind Melon 21 Blink 182 27 Blonde Redhead 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Blue Aeroplanes, The 39 Blue Man Group 44 Blue October 61 Blue Oyster Cult 16 Blue Rodeo 18 Blues Traveler 15 Blur 45 Earlier sketch in CM 17 BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bonham, Tracy 34 Bon Jovi 34 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band 30 Boredoms, The 28 Boss Hog 29 Boston 11 Bottle Rockets 42 Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bowling for Soup 54 Brad 21 Bragg, Billy 7 Brainiac 53 Branch, Michelle 47 Bread 40

Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Springfield 24 Buffalo Tom 18 Built to Spill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burgess, Sonny 42 Burke, Solomon 36 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bush 38 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Butthole Surfers 16 Buzzcocks, The 9 Byrds, The 8 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Caedmon’s Call 39 Café Tacuba 45 Cake 27 Cale, J. J. 16 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Calexico 33 Calvert, Robert 30 Camel 21 Campi, Ray 44 Can 28 Candlebox 32 Canned Heat 44 Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Caravan 24 Cardigans 19 Cars, The 20 Carter USM 31 Case, Neko 40 Catherine Wheel 18 Cat Power 30 Caustic Resin 31 Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Ceili Rain 34 Cervenka, Exene 57

Ben Folds Five 20

Chumbawamba 21 Church, The 14 Cinderella 16 Cinematic Orchestra 52 Circle Jerks, The 17 Citizen King 27 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Anne 32 Clash, The 4 Clemons, Clarence 7 Clem Snide 35 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Coal Chamber 35 Coasters, The 5 Cobra Verde 28 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochrane, Tom 22 Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Coheed and Cambria 58 Cold 34 Cold Chisel 34 Collective Soul 16 Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis Collister, Christine 42 Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30 Compulsion 23 Concrete Blonde 32 Congo Norvell 22 Constantines, The 58 Contemporary Dance Music, Funk 56 Continental Drifters 39 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cope, Julian 16 Cornelius 44 Cosmic Psychos 60

Chainsaw Kittens, The 33

Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Chao, Manu 41

Counting Crows 18

Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13

Country Joe and the Fish 36

Breeders 53 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Charlatans, The 55

Cousteau 41

Charm Farm 20

Brickell, Edie 3

Cheap Trick 12

Bright Eyes 42

Cowboy Mouth 37

Brom, Marti 46

Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher

Coverdale, David 34 Also see Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake


Brooks, Lonnie 54

Chevelle 44

Cracker 12

Brooks, Meredith 30

Chicago 3

Cradle of Filth 37

Bettie Serveert 17

Brötzmann, Caspar 27

Chicks on Speed 47

Cramps, The 16

Bevis Frond 23

Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Childish, Billy 28

Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Biafra, Jello 18

Brinsley Schwarz 40

Chadbourne, Eugene 30

Christian Death 28

Cows, The 32


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Fairport Convention 22 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Faith No More 7 Fall, The 12 Fall Out Boy 57 Fastbacks, The 29 Fastball 32 Faust 32 Fear Factory 27 Feathers, Charlie 40 Felt 32 Ferry, Bryan 1 Filter 28 fIREHOSE 11 Fishbone 7 5,6,7,8’s, The 56 Five Iron Frenzy 26 54-40 37 Fixx, The 33 Flaming Lips 48 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Flamingos, The 36 Flamin’ Groovies 42 Flatlanders, The 43 Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Flores, Rosie 16 Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Flying Saucer Attack 29 Fogelberg, Dan 4 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Also see Creedence Clearwater Revival Foghat 45 Folk Implosion, The 28 Foo Fighters 58 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Foreigner 21 Fountains of Wayne 53 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Four Seasons, The 24 Fox, Samantha 3 Frampton, Peter 3 Also see Humble Pie Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers 24 Franti, Michael 16 Franz Ferdinand 58

Dickerson, Deke 44

Dirtbombs, The 53 Dirty Three 31 Dishwalla 42 Dismemberment Plan 58 Disturbed 42 Dixie Dregs 36 D.O.A. 28 Doc Pomus 14 Dog’s Eye View 21 Doiron, Julie 41 Dokken 16 Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donnas, The 33 Doobie Brothers, The 3 Doors, The 4 Doves 36 Down By Law 34 Dreamtheater 23 Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show 53 Drive-By Truckers 45 Drivin’ n’ Cryin’ 31 Dropkick Murphys 26 Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Durutti Column, The 30 Dylan, Bob 58 Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Echo and the Bunnymen 32 Echobelly 21 Eddy, Duane 9 Einstürzende Neubauten 13 Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elf Power 30 El Gran Combo 39 Elliot, Cass 5 Elms, The 44 Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell 5 Emmet Swimming 24 English Beat, The 9 Enigk, Jeremy 61 Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Eno, Brian 49 Erickson, Roky 16 Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evanescence 53 Everclear 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Eve 6 31 Ex, The 28

Diddley, Bo 3

Crash Test Dummies 14 Crash Vegas 49 Crazy Town 43 Cream 9 Creed 28 Creedence Clearwater Revival 16 Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosby, Stills, and Nash 24 Crow, Sheryl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 12 Cult, The 16 Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Curry, Tim 3 Curve 13 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dale, Dick 13 Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The Damned, The 34 Damon and Naomi 25 Dandy Warhols, The 22 Daniels, Charlie 6 Danko Jones 61 Danzig 7 D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 Darkness, The 58 Dark Star 29 Dashboard Confessional 44 Dave, Edmunds 28 Dave Clark Five, The 12 Dave Matthews Band 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Davies, Ray 5 Dawson, Ronnie 48 Days of the New 48 dc Talk 18 Dead Can Dance 16 Dead Kennedys 29 Dead Milkmen 22 Death in Vegas 28 de Burgh, Chris 22 Deep Purple 11 Deerhoof 50 Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Deftones 22 Del Amitri 18 Delgados, The 31 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Derailers, The 37 Devo 13 Dexy’s Midnight Runners 46 D Generation 26

Free 44 Freed, Alan 36 French Kicks 60 Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The

Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Galactic 44 Galaxie 500 33 Gang of Four 8 Gap Band, The 42 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gary Puckett and the Union Gap 45 Gatton, Danny 16 Gene Loves Jezebel 27 Genesis 4 Geraldine Fibbers 21 Germs, The 54 Get Up Kids 41 Ghost 24 Giant Sand 30 Gift, Roland 3 Gin Blossoms 18 Girls Against Boys 31 Glitter, Gary 19 Go-Betweens, The 28 God Is My Co-Pilot 29 Godsmack 30 Gogol Bordello 59 Golden Palominos 32 Golden Smog 60 Goldfinger 46 Golightly, Holly 45 Gomez 33 Good Charlotte 45 Goo Goo Dolls, The 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Gordon, Robert 57 Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci 30 Gov’t Mule 35 Graham, Bill 10 Grandaddy 43 Grand Funk Railroad 36 Grant Lee Buffalo 16 Grapes of Wrath, The 33 Grateful Dead 5 Great White 44 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Green Day 40 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Griffin, Patty 24 Guess Who 23 Guided By Voices 18 Guns n’ Roses 2 Gus Gus 26 Guster 29

Frogs, The 31

Guttermouth 39

Front 242 19

Guzmán, Alejandra 44

Froom, Mitchell 15

Gwar 13

Frusciante, John 56

Hagar, Sammy 21

Exploited, The 60

Fuel 27

Hagen, Nina 25

DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Extreme 10

Fugazi 13

Faces, The 22

Fugs, The 35

Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Dinosaur Jr. 10

Face to Face 50

Fu Manchu 22

Hammill, Peter 30

Dire Straits 22

Faint, The 53

Funk Brothers 42

Hanna, Kathleen 45



Earlier sketch in CM 2 Iron Maiden 10 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jackson, Joe 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackyl 24 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The Jam, The 27 James Gang 56 Jane’s Addiction 6 Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Jason & the Scorchers 45 Jawbox 31 Jawbreaker 46 Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jesus and Mary Chain, The 10 Jesus Lizard 19 Jet 61 Jethro Tull 8 Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jimmie’s Chicken Shack 22 Jimmy Eat World 37 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Johansen, David 7 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Jack 45 Johnston, Daniel 61 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Joplin, Janis 3 Journey 21 Joy Division 19 Juanes 43 Judas Priest 10 Juliana Theory, The 43 Junoon 45 Kansas 32 Karate 57 Keene, Tommy 31 Kelly, Jeff 31 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kid606 36 Killers, The 61 Killing Joke 30 King Crimson 17

Earlier sketch in CM 5 KLF, The 52 KMFDM 18 Knack, The 35 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knife, The 61 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Korn 20 Kottonmouth Kings 38 Kravitz, Lenny 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 La Ley 33 Lambchop 29 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Landreth, Sonny 16 Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Lanegan, Mark 57 Langford, Jon 59 Lanternjack, The 31 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lee, Alvin 59 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Rita 37 Legend, Johnny 58 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lemonheads, The 12 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Leo, Ted 43 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Les Savy Fav 54 Less Than Jake 22 Letters to Cleo 22 Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Liars 55 Lifehouse 41 Limp Bizkit 56 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lindley, David 2 Lindsay, Arto 53 Linkin Park 44 Linkous, Mark 26 Lit 27 Little Feat 4 Little Texas 14 Live 14 Living Colour 7 Living End, The 42 Lofgren, Nils 25 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Loud Family, The 31 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Darlene 46 Love 34 Love and Rockets 15 Loverboy 46 Love Spit Love 21 Lovin’ Spoonful 37 Low 37 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz L7 12 Lucero 51 Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lunch, Lydia 54 Luscious Jackson 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lush 13 Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lynne, Jeff 5 Lynyrd Skynyrd 9 MacColl, Ewan 49 Machine Head 32 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 Mack, Lonnie 37 Madder Rose 17 Make-Up, The 53 Malone, Michelle 30 Maná 37 Manic Street Preachers 27 Mansun 30 Marcy Playground 31 Marilyn Manson 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Maroon 5 54 Marshall Tucker Band 43 Mars Volta, The 55 Martin, George 6 Martin, Janis 59 Marx, Richard 3 Matchbox 20 27 Matthew Good Band 34 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoys, The 49 MC5, The 9 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKee, Maria 11 McLachlan, Sarah 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McMurtry, James 10

(International) Noise Conspiracy, The 60

King Missile 22

Long Beach Dub All Stars 58

McVie, Christine 53

Kingsmen, The 34

Los Lonely Boys 61

Meat Loaf 12

Interpol 52

Kings of Leon 54

INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Kinks, The 15

Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Megadeth 9

Kiss 25

Los Straitjackets 50

Mekons, The 15

Harper, Ben 17 Harper, Roy 30 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Hart, Beth 29 Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Harvey Danger 60 Hassman, Nikki 26 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Ronnie 36 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hawkwind 41 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Heart 1 Helmet 52 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 His Name Is Alive 43 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Hives, The 44 Hodgson, Roger 26 Also see Supertramp Hold Steady, The 56 Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine Hole 14 Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Holmes Brothers, The 35 Hoobastank 50 Hoodoo Gurus 33 Hooters 20 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hot Hot Heat 55 Houston, Penelope 28 Hudson Brothers, The 56 Humble Pie 40 Hunter, Ian 57 Hüsker Dü 45 Ida 44 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Imperial Teen 26 Indigenous 31

Meat Puppets, The 13



Mellencamp, John 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Men at Work 34 Metallica 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Meteors, The 61 Midnight Oil 11 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Mike & the Mechanics 17 Miller, Frankie 59 Miller, Steve 2 Ministry 10 Minty 32 Minus 5, The 51 Minutemen, The 31 Misfits, The 32 Mission of Burma 51 Moby Grape 12 Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 moe. 34 Mogwai 27 Mojave 3 26 Molly Hatchet 37 Molotov 47 Monch, Pharoahe 29 Money, Eddie 16 Monks of Doom 28 Monster Magnet 39 Moody Blues, The 18 Moonglows, The 33 Moore, Geoff 43 Morissette, Alanis 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Morphine 29 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Morrison, Jim 3 Also see Doors, The Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Mötley Crüe 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Motörhead 10 Mott the Hoople 31 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Mountain 30 M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mr. Bungle 58 Mr. T Experience, The 29 Mudhoney 16 Mudvayne 42 Muldaur, Maria 18

My Chemical Romance 56 Myles, Alannah 4 My Morning Jacket 46 Naked, Bif 29 Nelson, Rick 2 Neu! 32 Neurosis 28 Neutral Milk Hotel 31 New Found Glory 50 Newman, Randy 4 New Model Army 35 New Pornographers 57 Newsboys, The 24 Newsom, Joanna 61 New York Dolls, The 51 New York Dolls 20 Nickelback 36 Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nile, Willie 31 Nirvana 8 NOFX 28 Norman, Larry 42 Northern Pikes, The 60 North Mississippi Allstars 39 Nova, Heather 30 NRBQ 12 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The O.A.R. 49 Oasis 41 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The O’Connor, Sinead 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Offspring 19 Oldham, Will 32 Old 97’s 33 Olivia Tremor Control 28 Olson, Carla 45 Ono, Yoko 47 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Orbison, Roy 2 Orgy 27 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Our Lady Peace 22 OutKast 33 Out of the Grey 37 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Palmer, Robert 2 Paloalto 45

Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Paul Revere & The Raiders 30 Pavement 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Pearl Jam 32 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Pearls Before Swine 24 Peel, John 43 Pennywise 27 People Under The Stairs 39 Pere Ubu 17 Perfect Circle, A 54 Perkins, Carl 9 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Phantom Planet 49 Phillips, Sam 5 Phillips, Shawn 41 Phish 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Pigface 19 Pink Floyd 2 Pixies, The 52 Earlier sketch in 21 Placebo 27 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin P.O.D. 33 Pogues, The 6 Poi Dog Pondering 17 Poison 11 Police, The 20 Pop, Iggy 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Porno for Pyros 31 Powderfinger 33 Powerman 5000 37 Presidents of the United States of America, The 34 Presley, Elvis 1 Presley, Lisa Marie 55 Pretenders, The 8

Pursuit of Happiness, The 58 Quasi 24 Quatro, Suzi 47 Queen 6 Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Quicksilver Messenger Service 23 Radio 4 59 Radiohead 24 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Railroad Earth 51 Rainbow 40 Rainer Maria 59 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rammstein 25 Ramones, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rancid 29 Rascals, The 52 Raspberries 43 Rasputina 26 Raveonettes, The 48 Redbone 47 Redd Kross 20 Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Red House Painters 40 Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reef 24 Reel Big Fish 55 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Relient K 55 R.E.M. 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rembrandts, The 37 Remy Zero 38 REO Speedwagon 23 Replacements, The 7 Residents, The 14 Resurrection Band 36 Reverend Horton Heat 19

Pretty Things, The 26 Primal Scream 14

Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails

Primus 11

Rheostatics 37

Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The

Mullins, Shawn 33

Richman, Jonathan 12

Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Ride 40

Proclaimers, The 13

Riley, Terry 32

Project 86 52 Promise Ring, The 28

Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35

Pantera 13

Prong 23

Roberts, Sam 59

Papa Roach 30

Prophet, Chuck 32

Robertson, Robbie 2

Murder City Devils 42

Parker, Graham 49

Puddle of Mudd 45

Rocket from the Crypt 52

Murphy, Peter 22 Muse 40

Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The

MxPx 33

Parsons, Alan 12

Pure Prairie League 49

Rolling Stones, The 23

Riley, Billy Lee 43


Cumulative Subject Index • 237 Swervedriver 31 Switchfoot 48 System of a Down 36 Taking Back Sunday 58 Tantric 36 Taylor, Steve 26 Tea Party 38 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Teenage Fanclub 13 Television 17 10,000 Maniacs 3 Tenacious D 61 10cc 43 Terrell 32 Tesla 15 Texas Tornados, The 8 The The 15 They Might Be Giants 7 Thin Lizzy 13 Third Day 34 Third Eye Blind 25 13th Floor Elevators 47 .38 Special 40 Thompson, Richard 7 Thorogood, George 34 Three Dog Night 5 3 Doors Down 43 311 20 Throwing Muses 15 Tijuana No! 32 Timbuk 3 3 Toad the Wet Sprocket 13 Todd, Mia Doi 52 Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers 26 Tonic 32 Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami To Rococo Rot 31 Tortoise 32 Tower of Power 40 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Traffic 19 Tragically Hip, The 18 Train 33 Travis 29 Treadmill Trackstar 21 T. Rex 11

Sigur Rós 31 Sill, Judee 61 Silver Apples 23 Silverchair 20 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simon and Garfunkel 24 Simple Minds 21 Simple Plan 53 Siouxsie and the Banshees 8 Sister Hazel 34 Six by Seven 35 Skid Row 48 Skinny Puppy 17 Skunk Anansie 27 Slade 54 Slayer 10 Sleater-Kinney 46 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Slick, Grace 33 Also see Jefferson Airplane Slint 55 Slipknot 30 Slits, The 49 Sloan 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Slowdive 40 Smashing Pumpkins 36 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Smash Mouth 27 Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smithereens, The 14 Smiths, The 3 Smog 28 Snow Patrol 59 Social Distortion 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Soft Machine 36 Songs: Ohia 49 SonicFlood 51 Sonic Youth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Son Volt 21 Soul Asylum 10 Soulfly 33 Soundgarden 6 Soundtrack of Our Lives, The 56 South, Joe 59 Southern Culture on the Skids 42 Spacehog 29 Spacemen 3 31 Sparks 18 Specials, The 21 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Spiral Starecase 51 Spirit 22 Spiritualized 43 Sponge 18 Spongetones, The 34 Spoon 34 Springsteen, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Squeeze 5 Stabbing Westward 35 Staind 31 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Status Quo 40 Steeleye Span 19 Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Steppenwolf 20 Stereophonics 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly & the Family Stone Stone Roses, The 16 Stone Temple Pilots 36 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Stranglers, The 31 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Strawbs 37 Stray Cats, The 11 String Cheese Incident, The 34 Strokes, The 37 Stryper 2 Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Sublime 19 Sudden, Nikki 59 Sugarcubes, The 10 Sugarland 61 Suicidal Tendencies 15 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sunny Day Real Estate 28 Superchunk 29 Superdrag 23

Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Spedding, Chris 61

Supergrass 30

Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina

Spencer Davis Group 19

Supersuckers 50

Tuxedomoon 21

Shonen Knife 13

Spiderbait 39

Supertramp 25

23 Skidoo 31

Shudder to Think 20

Spinal Tap 8

Surfin’ Pluto 24

Sick of It All 41

Spin Doctors 14

Sweet 39

Type O Negative 27 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Romantics, The 34 Ronettes, The 45 Rose, Tim 41 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Roxy Music 39 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Royal Trux 29 Rube Waddell 29 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Runaways, The 44 Rundgren, Todd 11 Rush 8 Russell, Leon 35 Rusted Root 26 Ryder, Mitch 11 Sadies, The 53 Saints, The 40 Salem, Kevin 32 Saliva 38 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Samples 58 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Satriani, Joe 4 Saves the Day 59 Savoy Brown 56 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scharin, Doug 32 Scialfa, Patti 51 Scissor Sisters 61 Scorpions, The 12 Screaming Trees 19 Screeching Weasel 48 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Sebadoh 26 Seger, Bob 15 Semisonic 32 Sense Field 39 Sepultura 12 Sevendust 37 Seven Mary Three 39 Sex Pistols, The 5 Shadows, The 22 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shannon, Del 10 Sharpe, Ray 53 Shellac 46 Shihad 34 Shins, The 52 Shipp, Matthew 31 Shivaree 60

Tripping Daisy 60 Trout, Walter 59 Trower, Robin 58 Trynin, Jen 21 Tsunami 21



Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Ultimate Fakebook 48 Uncle Kracker 42 Uncle Tupelo 37 Undertones, The 39 Underworld 26 Unwound 41 Urge Overkill 17 Uriah Heep 19 U2 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vai, Steve 5 Valens, Ritchie 23 Valli, Frankie 10 Van der Graaf Generator 56 Vandermark, Ken 28 Van Halen 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zant 61 VAST 34 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Velvet Crush 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Velvet Underground, The 7 Ventures 19 Vertical Horizon 33 Veruca Salt 20 Verve, The 18 Verve Pipe, The 20 Vigilantes of Love 51 Vincent, Gene 19 Vines, The 51 Violent Femmes 12 Voodoo Glow Skulls 38 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Walkmen, The 59

West, Leslie 59 Westerberg, Paul 26 Whiskeytown 44 White, Tony Joe 61 Whitesnake 5 White Stripes, The 39 White Zombie 17 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Who, The 3 Widespread Panic 39 Wild Strawberries 60 Willis, Wesley 51 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wire 29 Wolf, Peter 25 Wood, Ron 56 Workhorse Movement, The 30 Wray, Link 17 Wyatt, Robert 24 Wynn, Steve 31 X 11 X-Ray Spex 31 XTC 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yardbirds, The 10 Yeah Yeah Yeahs 59 Yellowcard 52 Yes 8 Yo La Tengo 24 Yorn, Pete 45 You Am I 35 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young Dubliners 58 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zedek, Thalia 52

Wallflowers, The 20

Zombies, The 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23

Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Francis, Connie 10 Glitter, Gary 19 Haley, Bill 6 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Holly, Buddy 1 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jordan, Louis 11 Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Little Richard 1 Nelson, Rick 2 Orbison, Roy 2 Otis, Johnny 16 Paul, Les 2 Perkins, Carl 9 Phillips, Sam 5 Presley, Elvis 1 Professor Longhair 6 Rock, Guitar 60 Sedaka, Neil 4 Shannon, Del 10 Shirelles, The 11 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Twitty, Conway 6 Valli, Frankie 10 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wray, Link 17

Saxophone

Wedding Present, The 28

Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Abair, Mindi 48 Adderley, Cannonball 15 Allen, Harry 61 Ammons, Gene 39 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Wessell 42 Ayler, Albert 19 Barbieri, Gato 22 Bechet, Sidney 17 Bluiett, Hamiet 45 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Braxton, Anthony 12 Brecker, Michael 29 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Bunnett, Jane 37 Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, James 18 Chenier, C. J. 15 Clemons, Clarence 7 Coleman, Ornette 5

Ween 30

Darin, Bobby 4

Coltrane, John 4

Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Diddley, Bo 3

Coxhill, Lol 41

Dion 4

Curtis, King 17

Weller, Paul 14

Domino, Fats 2

Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40

Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26

Eddy, Duane 9

Desmond, Paul 23

Everly Brothers, The 2

Dibango, Manu 60

Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The

Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9

ZZ Top 2

Wannadies, The 29 War 14

Rock and Roll Pioneers

Warrant 17

Ballard, Hank 17

Waterboys, The 27


Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Weakerthans, The 46

Blackwell, Otis 57

Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dolphy, Eric 36 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Dulfer, Candy 35 Edwards, Teddy 44 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Freeman, Chico 49 Freeman, Von 48 Garbarek, Jan 30 Garrett, Kenny 28 Gayle, Charles 35 Getz, Stan 12 Golson, Benny 21 Gordon, Dexter 10 Hamilton, Scott 55 Harris, Eddie 15 Harrison, Wendell 56 Hawkins, Coleman 11 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Joe 14 Herman, Woody 12 Ho, Fred 60 Hodges, Johnny 24 Jacquet, Illinois 53 James, Boney 21 Johnston, Phillip 36 Kenny G 14 Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6 Koffman, Moe 34 Konitz, Lee 30 Koz, Dave 19 Kuti, Femi 29 Lacy, Steve 23 Lateef, Yusef 16 Lloyd, Charles 22 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lovano, Joe 13 Marsalis, Branford 10 McLean, Jackie 41 McNeely, Big Jay 37 Moody, James 34 Morgan, Frank 9 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Najee 21 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pepper, Art 18 Pine, Courtney 51 Randolph, Boots 57 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Sanborn, David 28

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Scott, Tony 32 Shepp, Archie 43 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Sims, Zoot 37 Smith, Tommy 28 Spearman, Glenn 55 Stitt, Sonny 59 Tabackin, Lew 47 Tate, Buddy 33 Threadgill, Henry 9 Turner, Mark 40 Turrentine, Stanley 42 Vandermark, Ken 28 Walker, Junior 30 Wallace, Bennie 31 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Watanabe, Sadao 39 Waters, Benny 58 Whalum, Kirk 39 Winter, Paul 10 Woods, Phil 57 World Saxophone Quartet 39 Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Sintir Hakmoun, Hassan 15

Songwriters Acuff, Roy 2 Adam, Margie 39 Adams, Bryan 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adams, Yolanda 23 Adkins, Hasil 49 Adkins, Trace 31 Afanasieff, Walter 26 Aikens, Rhett 22 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alexander, Arthur 14 Allen, Peter 11 Allen, Terry 56 Allison, Joe 42 Allison, Mose 17 Almond, Marc 29 Also see Soft Cell Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12


Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, John 5 Andrews, Jessica 34 Anka, Paul 2 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anu, Christine 34 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Armatrading, Joan 4 Arthur, Joseph 57 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Austin, Sherrié 34 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Axelrod, David 34 Axton, Mae 53 Aznavour, Charles 45 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Badu, Erykah 26 Baez, Joan 1 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baldry, Long John 51 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barber, Patricia 40 Bare, Bobby 48 Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Basie, Count 2 Beamer, Keola 43 Beck 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Becker, Margaret 31 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Benét, Eric 27 Benson, Brendan 55 Benton, Brook 7 Berg, Matraca 16 Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30 Berlin, Irving 8 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Blegvad, Peter 28 Blige, Mary J. 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Bond, Johnny 28 Boxcar Willie 41 Brady, Paul 8 Bragg, Billy 7 Brandt, Paul 22 Brickell, Edie 3 Brion, Jon 52 Brokop, Lisa 22 Brom, Marti 46 Brooke, Jonatha 56 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30 Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Greg 56 Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Marty 14 Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckley, Jeff 22 Buckley, Tim 14 Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burning Spear 15 Burroughs, William S. 26 Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bushkin, Joe 54 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cahn, Sammy 11 Cale, J. J. 16 Calloway, Cab 6 Calvert, Robert 30

Bishop, Elvin 41

Campbell, Little Milton 58

Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The

Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23

Carmichael, Hoagy 27 Carroll, Jim 46 Carter, Carlene 8 Carter, Deana 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Case, Neko 40 Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cat Power 30 Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Chambers, Kasey 36 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin, Jen 49 Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Gary 33 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chapman, Tracy 4 Chaquico, Craig 23 Also see Jefferson Starship Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Child, Desmond 30 Childish, Billy 28 Childs, Toni 2 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Ciara 61 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Anne 32 Clark, Gene 51 Clark, Guy 17 Clark, Petula 40 Clements, Vassar 18 Cleveland, James 1 Clinton, George 7 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochrane, Tom 23 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cohen, Leonard 52 Cohn, Marc 43

Campi, Ray 44

Cole, Lloyd 9

Cantrell, Laura 57

Cole, Nat King 3

Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Captain Beefheart 10

Collie, Mark 15

Card, Michael 40

Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The

Cardwell, Joi 22 Carlisle, Bob 22

Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Blackwell, Otis 57

Carlton, Vanessa 53

Collins, Judy 4



Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy”

Dion 4 Dixon, Willie 10 DMX 25 Doc Pomus 14 Doiron, Julie 41 Domino, Fats 2 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donovan 9 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Doucet, Michael 8 Doughty, Mike 60 Drake, Nick 17 Dube, Lucky 17 Dulli, Greg 17 Also see Afghan Whigs, The Durden, Tommy 53 Dury, Ian 30 Dylan, Bob 58 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Edwards, Kathleen 55 Edwards, Stoney 55 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Ely, Joe 52 Emmanuel, Tommy 21 English, Michael 23 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Erickson, Roky 16 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Estefan, Gloria 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Esthero 58 Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Everlast 27 Fabian, Lara 34 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Falkner, Jason 57 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feist 55 Ferry, Bryan 1 Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House

Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Fordham, Julia 15 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Frampton, Peter 3 Also see Humble Pie Franti, Michael 16 Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Fripp, Robert 9 Frizzell, Lefty 10 Frost, Edith 40 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gauthier, Mary 54 Gaye, Marvin 4 Geldof, Bob 9 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gibson, Bob 23 Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Gibson, Debbie Gibson, Don 58 Gift, Roland 3 Gilkyson, Eliza 58 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Gilley, Mickey 7 Gilmore, Thea 48 Glazer, Tom 48 Goffin-King 24 Gold, Julie 22 Goodman, Benny 4 Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gorka, John 18 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Gray, David 30 Gray, Macy 32 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Keith 38 Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Greenwood, Lee 12 Griffin, Patty 24 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Dido 46

Five for Fighting 36

Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Flack, Roberta 5

Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Flatt, Lester 3

Guthrie, Gwen 26


Fogelberg, Dan 4

Guthrie, Woodie 2

Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2

Guy, Buddy 4

Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cope, Julian 16 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Coverdale, David 34 Also see Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Croce, Jim 3 Cropper, Steve 12 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosse, Clay 38 Crow, Sheryl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Curtis, Catie 31 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dalton, Nic 31 Daniels, Charlie 6 Davies, Gail 38 Davies, Ray 5 Also see Kinks, the Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Mac 60 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 DeBarge, El 14 de Burgh, Chris 22 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 DeShannon, Jackie 40 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destroyer 51 Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dickerson, Deke 44 Diddley, Bo 3

Dillon, Phyllis 53

Guy, George “Buddy” 56

Haack, Bruce 37 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Hagen, Nina 25 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Hall, Tom T. 26 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammill, Peter 30 Hancock, Butch 56 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hancock, Wayne 45 Hanna, Kathleen 45 Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardin, Tim 18 Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hardy, Françoise 43 Harley, Bill 7 Harmer, Sarah 56 Harper, Ben 17 Harper, Roy 30 Harris, Emmylou 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Harris, Jesse 47 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Hart, Beth 29 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hayes, Gemma 58 Hayes, Isaac 10 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hersh, Kristin 49 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holland, Jolie 55 Holly, Buddy 1


Cumulative Subject Index • 241 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Leo, Ted 43 Lerche, Sondre 50 Lewis, Huey 9 Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Linkous, Mark 26 Little Richard 1 L.L. Cool J 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Lord, Mary Lou 54 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Laura 20 Loveless, Patty 5 Lovett, Lyle 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Luciano 41 Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lynne, Jeff 5 Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Maal, Baaba 37 MacColl, Ewan 49 MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Mack, Lonnie 37 MacNeil, Rita 29 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Malone, Michelle 30 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Mann, Barry 30 Mann, Billy 23 Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Marshall, Amanda 27 Martyn, John 43 Marx, Richard 3

Honeytree 58 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Houston, Penelope 28 Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38 Hunter, Ian 57 Hurley, Michael 58 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A. Ice-T 7 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Imbruglia, Natalie 27 Ingram, Jack 58 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jackson, Alan 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Janet 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Joe 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Wanda 42 Jacobs, Kate 51 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jarreau, Al 1 Ja Rule 36 Jennings, Mason 59 Jennings, Waylon 4 Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Johansen, David 7 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Jones, Donell 43

Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Montell 26 Jules, Gary 52 Kane, Big Daddy 7 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kee, John P. 15 Keene, Tommy 31 Keith, Toby 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kelly, Jeff 31 Kelly, Paul 40 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ketchum, Hal 14 Khan, Chaka 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 King, Albert 2 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 King, Carole 6 King, Freddy 17 King, Kaki 55 Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Korner, Alexis 51 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kravitz, Lenny 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Krebs, Pete 43 Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lahiri, Bappi 42 Landreth, Sonny 16 lang, kd 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lange, Mutt 47 Langford, Jon 59 Larkin, Patty 9 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lauderdale, Jim 29 Lavin, Christine 6

Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Lee, Peggy 8

Jones, Norah 48

Legend, Johnny 58

Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Lehrer, Tom 7

Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Leiber and Stoller 14

Mayer, John 46

Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The

Mayfield, Curtis 8

Joplin, Janis 3

Lennon, Julian 26

McCain, Edwin 35

LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Legend, John 61

MC Breed 17

McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCorkle, Susannah 27 McCoury, Del 15 McCulloch, Ian 23 McDonald, Michael 59 McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKay, Nellie 61 McKenna, Lori 54 McKeown, Erin 57 McLachlan, Sarah 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLaren, Malcolm 23 McLean, Don 7 McLennan, Grant 21 McMurtry, James 10 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 McTell, Blind Willie 17 McVie, Christine 53 Medley, Bill 3 Melanie 12 Melcher, Terry 53 Mellencamp, John 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see John Cougar Mellencamp Mercer, Johnny 13 Merchant, Natalie 25 Also see , Maniacs10000 Merritt, Tift 52 Messina, Jo Dee 26 Michael, George 49 Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Julie 55 Miller, Roger 4 Miller, Steve 2 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Momus 47 Moondog 55 Moore, Geoff 43 Moorer, Allison 40 Morgan, Craig 61 Moro 38 Morrison, Jim 3 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey, Bill 12 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü

242 • Cumulative Subject Index Mounir, Mohamed 48 Moyet, Alison 12 Mraz, Jason 52 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 Mullins, Rich 35 Mullins, Shawn 33 Mulvey, Peter 59 Naess, Leona 46 Najma 39 Nascimento, Milton 6 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neil, Fred 42 Nelson, Rick 2 Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Nevil, Robbie 61 Newbury, Mickey 44 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Newsom, Joanna 61 Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nile, Willie 31 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Larry 42 Nova, Heather 30 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Nyro, Laura 12 O’Brien, Tim 39 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Ocean, Billy 4 Ochs, Phil 7 O’Connor, Sinead 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Odetta 7 Oldham, Will 32 Olson, Carla 45 Orbison, Roy 2 Orton, Beth 26 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Oslin, K. T. 3 Overstreet, Paul 33 Owens, Buck 2 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Pagliaro, Michel 56 Paisley, Brad 42 Palmer, Robert 2

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Paul, Les 2 Paxton, Tom 5 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Peebles, Ann 30 Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Perkins, Carl 9 Perry, Linda 38 Peterson, Michael 31 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Shawn 41 Pickett, Wilson 10 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57 Pop, Iggy 23 Porter, Cole 10 Prewitt, Archer 57 Price, Kelly 34 Price, Lloyd 25 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Professor Longhair 6 Prophet, Chuck 32 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rafferty, Gerry 52 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rambo, Dottie 60 Randall, Jon 58 Rea, Chris 12 Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Redman, Matt 54 Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reid, Antonio 44 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour

Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Rhodes, Emitt 55

Parker, Graham 49

Richey, Kim 20 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Richman, Jonathan 12 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Riley, Teddy 14 Ritchie, Jean 4 Robbins, Marty 9 Roberts, Sam 59 Robertson, Robbie 2 Robillard, Duke 2 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodgers, Richard 9 Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Stan 61 Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Rosario 43 Rose, Tim 41 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Rouse, Josh 42 Rowan, Peter 51 Rusby, Kate 29 Russell, Mark 6 Ryder, Mitch 23 Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Salem, Kevin 32 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sangare, Oumou 22 Satriani, Joe 4 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scialfa, Patti 51 Scott, Darrell 54 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Scruggs, Earl 3 Scruggs, Randy 28 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seals, Dan 9 Secada, Jon 13 Secola, Keith 45 Sedaka, Neil 4 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Seger, Bob 15 Segundo, Compay 45 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 27 Sexton, Martin 41

Earlier sketch in CM 3 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Siberry, Jane 6 Sill, Judee 61 Silverstein, Shel 51 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Sledge, Percy 15 Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Michael W. 11 Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smith, Will 26 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Songs: Ohia 49 Soraya 46 South, Joe 59 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spektor, Regina 60 Springsteen, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Stampley, Joe 51 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Ray 7 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The St. James, Rebecca 26 Stockwood, Kim 26

Rice, Chris 25

Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33

Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Parks, Van Dyke 17

Rice, Damien 50

Shannon, Del 10

Parnell, Lee Roy 15

Rich, Charlie 3

Sharpe, Ray 53

Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos

Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The

Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The

Sheik, Duncan 32

Strehli, Angela 58

Sheila E. 59

Streisand, Barbra 35



Earlier sketch in CM 2 Stuart, Marty 9 Styne, Jule 21 Sudden, Nikki 59 Summer, Donna 12 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sure!, Al B. 13 Swan, Billy 60 Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet, Matthew 9 Sweet, Rachel 48 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Talmy, Shel 52 Taupin, Bernie 22 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, Kate 30 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Steve 26 Tenacious D 61 Tennison, Chalee 36 Terrell 32 13th Floor Elevators 47 Thompson, Hank 43 Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Richard 7 Thornton, Big Mama 18 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Tilbrook, Glenn 51 Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Tippin, Aaron 12 Tone-Loc 3 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Torme, Mel 4 Tosh, Peter 3 Toussaint, Allen 11 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Traoré, Boubacar 38 Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Treadmill Trackstar 21 Tricky 18 Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Trout, Walter 59 Trynin, Jen 21 Tubb, Ernest 4 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Urban, Keith 44 Vai, Steve 5 Also see Whitesnake Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vannelli, Gino 52 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Shelton, Ricky 5 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Vives, Carlos 38 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wagoner, Porter 13 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, T-Bone 5 Waller, Fats 7 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Wariner, Steve 18 Warren, Diane 21 Waters, Crystal 15 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Watt, Mike 22 Webb, Jimmy 12 Weill, Kurt 12 Weiser, Ronny 58 Welch, Gillian 33 Weller, Paul 14 Werner, Susan 54 West, Dottie 8 West, Leslie 59 Westerberg, Paul 26 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 White, Jim 40 White, Karyn 21 White, Lari 15 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whitley, Keith 7 Wilcox, David 38 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Williams, Dar 21 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Don 4 Williams, Hank, III 38

Willis, Wesley 51 Wills, Bob 6 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Winbush, Angela 15 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Withers, Bill 54 Womack, Bobby 5 Wonder, Stevie 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wray, Link 17 Wrigley, Bernard 58 Wyatt, Robert 24 Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Alcione 51 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Ayers, Roy 39 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Gibbs, Terry 35 Hampton, Lionel 6 Jackson, Milt 15 Norvo, Red 12

Tunstall, KT 61

Williams, Hank, Jr. 1

Anthony, Ray 60

Viola

Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Williams, Hank, Sr. 4

Armstrong, Louis 4 Baker, Chet 13

Twitty, Conway 6

Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Belgrave, Marcus 57

Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Van der Velden, Mieneke 55 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground

Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Berigan, Bunny 2

Violin

Blanchard, Terence 13

Tyrell, Steve 52

Williams, Victoria 17

Botti, Chris 40

Acuff, Roy 2 Alsop, Marin 58

Trombone Anderson, Ray 7 Bauer, Johannes 32 Bishop, Jeb 28 Brown, Lawrence 23 Colon, Willie 37 Fontana, Carl 47 Green, Urbie 36 Johnson, J.J. 33 Mandel, Johnny 28 Miller, Glenn 6 Priester, Julian 54 Ranelin, Phil 55 Rudd, Roswell 28 Teagarden, Jack 10 Turre, Steve 22 Winding, Kai 35

Trumpet

Bowie, Lester 29 Brown, Clifford 24 Bushkin, Joe 54 Cherry, Don 10 Coleman, Ornette 5 Dara, Olu 46 Davis, Miles 1 Douglas, Dave 29 Driscoll, Phil 45 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Ferguson, Maynard 7 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harrell, Tom 28 Hassell, Jon 43 Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hirt, Al 5 Isham, Mark 14 James, Harry 11 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Thad 19 Little, Booker 36 Loughnane, Lee 3 Mandel, Johnny 28 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matthews, Eric 22 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Miles, Ron 22 Minton, Phil 29 Navarro, Fats 25 Oliver, King 15 Payton, Nicholas 27 Rodney, Red 14 Roney, Wallace 33 Sandoval, Arturo 15 Severinsen, Doc 1 Shaw, Woody 27 Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Terry, Clark 24 Truffaz, Erik 54

Tuba Phillips, Harvey 3

Vibraphone

244 • Cumulative Subject Index Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Barton Pine, Rachel 52 Bell, Joshua 21 Ben-Ari, Miri 49 Bird, Andrew 46 Bonham, Tracy 34 Bromberg, David 18 Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carthy, Eliza 31 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Clements, Vassar 18 Coleman, Ornette 5 Cugat, Xavier 23 Daniels, Charlie 6

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Diamond, David 58 Doucet, Michael 8 Dubeau, Angèle 47 Galimir, Felix 36 Germano, Lisa 18 Gingold, Josef 6 Grappelli, Stephane 10 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Haendel, Ida 42 Hahn, Hilary 30 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Haydn, Lili 46 Heifetz, Jascha 31 Huggett, Monica 50 Jenkins, Leroy 39

Josefowicz, Leila 35 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Kremer, Gidon 30 Lamb, Barbara 19 Maazel, Lorin 46 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marriner, Neville 7 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Midori 7 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 O’Connor, Mark 1 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8

Rieu, André 26 Roumain, Daniel 54 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Schroer, Oliver 29 Shaham, Gil 35 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stern, Isaac 7 Tiersen, Yann 59 Vanessa-Mae 26 Whiteman, Paul 17 Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42 Wills, Bob 6 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Cumulative Musicians Index Volume numbers appear in bold

See Silly Wizard Adams, Oleta 17 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adams, Steve See Rova Saxophone Quartet Adams, Terry See NRBQ Adams, Tim See Swell Adams, Tom See Blue Highway Adams, Victoria See Spice Girls Adams, Yolanda 23 Adamson, Barry 28 Adamson, Billy See Searchers, The Adamson, Stuart See Big Country Adcock, C.C. 52 Adcock, Eddie See Country Gentleman, The Adderley, Cannonball 15 Adderley, Julian See Adderley, Cannonball Adderley, Nat 29

See Skid Row Afghan Whigs 17 AFI 53 Afonso, Marie See Zap Mama Afro Celt Sound System 46 AFX See Aphex Twin Agius, Alfie See Fixx, The Agnew, Rikk See Christian Death Aguiar, Aloisio See Redbone Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Agust, Daniel See Gus Gus A-ha 22 Ahmad, Salman See Junoon Ahn, Angella See Ahn Trio

Adams, Billy See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Adé, King Sunny 18 Adès, Thomas 30

Ahn, Maria See Ahn Trio

Adewale, Segun 50

Ahn Trio 45

Abner, Ewart 41

Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Adkins, Ed See Derailers, The

Aho, Susan See Väarttinä

Aboitiz, Rodrigo See La Ley

Adams, Clifford See Kool & the Gang

Adkins, Hasil 49

Aiken, Clay 60

Abong, Fred See Belly

Adams, Craig See Cult, The

Adkins, Jim See Jimmy Eat World

Ainge, Gary See Felt

Adams, Donn See NRBQ

Adkins, Mark See Guttermouth

Air 33

Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38

Adkins, Trace 31

Airey, Don See Rainbow

, Alex Barreto See Alien Ant Farm Aaliyah 47 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Aaron See Mr. T Experience, The Abair, Mindi 48 Abba 12 Abbado, Claudio 32 Abbott, Gary See Kingsmen, The Abbott, Jacqueline See Beautiful South Abbott, Jude See Chumbawamba Abbott, Kris See Pursuit of Happiness, The Abbott, Pete See Average White Band Abbruzzese, Dave See Pearl Jam Abdul, Paula 3

AC/DC 4 Ace of Base 22 Achor, James See Royal Crown Revue Acid, Eddie See Liquid Soul Ackerman, Will 3 Ackley, Bruce See Rova Saxophone Quartet Acland, Christopher See Lush Acosta, Adolpho See Tower of Power Acoustic Alchemy 38 Acuff, Roy 2 Acuna, Alejandro See Weather Report Adair, Daniel See 3 Doors Down Adam, Margie 39 Adam Again 61

Abercrombie, Jeff See Fuel

Adamendes, Elaine See Throwing Muses

Abercrombie, John 25

Adams, Alberta 57

Aberle, B.J. See Normals, The

Adams, Ben See A1

Abernathy, Barry See IIIrd Tyme Out Abernathy, Patrick See Beulah

Abrahams, Mick See Jethro Tull Abrams, Bryan See Color Me Badd Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Abrantes, Fernando See James Gang Abrantes, Fernando See Kraftwerk Abts, Matt See Gov’t Mule

Adam Ant 13

Adams, Greg See Tower of Power

Adler, Larry 35

Adams, Johnny 33

Adler, Steven See Guns n’ Roses

Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Adams, Marianne See Sierra Adams, Mark See Specials, The Adams, Neil

Adler, Lou 58

Aereogramme 61 Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Ahn, Elaine See Ida Ahn, Lucia See Ahn Trio

Air Supply 22

Airport, Jak See X-Ray Spex Airto See Moreira, Airto Aitchison, Dominic See Mogwai

Afanasieff, Walter 26

Ajile See Arrested Development

Affuso, Rob

Akil

245

246 • Cumulative Musicians Index See Jurassic 5 Akingbola, Sola See Jamiroquai Akins, Rhett 22 Akita, Masami See Merzbow Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Akon 61 Akuna, Sherwood See Love Alabama 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Alan, Chad See Juliana Theory, The Alan, David See SonicFlood Alan, Skip See Pretty Things, The Alarm 22 Alatorre, Eric See Chanticleer Albarn, Damon See Blur Also see Gorillaz Albarran, Ruben See Café Tacuba Alber, Matt See Chanticleer Alberstein, Chava 37 Albert, Alex See Project 86 Albert, Matt See eighth blackbird Albert, Nate See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Alberti, Dorona See KMFDM Albertine, Viviane See Slits, The Albertson, Ron See Liars Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Albuquerque, Michael de See Electric Light Orchestra Alcione 51 Alder, John See Gong Also see Pretty Things, The Alderete, Juan See Mars Volta, The Alesi, Tommy See Beausoleil Alex See Mr. T Experience, The Alexakis, Art See Everclear Alexander, Arthur 14 Alexander, Dottie See Of Montreal Alexander, George See Flamin’ Groovies Alexander, Gregg See New Radicals, The Alexander, Jules See Association, The

Alexander, Monty 59 Alexander, Scot See Dishwalla Alexander, Ted See Saves the Day Alexander, Tim “Herb” See Primus Alexander, Tim See Asleep at the Wheel Alexisonfire 55 Alford, Zachary See B-52’s, The Ali See Tribe Called Quest, A Ali, Amin See Music Revelation Ensemble Alice in Chains 10 Alien Ant Farm 61 Alien Sex Fiend 23 Alkaline Trio 56 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Alkema, Jan Willem See Compulsion All Saints 25 All-American Rejects, The 59 Allan, Gary 41 Allcock, Martin See Fairport Convention Also see Jethro Tull Allen, April See C + C Music Factory Allen, Chad See Guess Who Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allen, Dave See Gang of Four Allen, Debbie 8 Allen, Duane See Oak Ridge Boys, The Allen, Eric See Apples in Stereo Allen, Frank See Searchers, The Allen, Geri 10 Allen, Harry 61 Allen, Jeff See Mint Condition Allen, Johnny Ray See Subdudes, The Allen, Kevin See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Allen, Lee See Blasters, The Allen, Papa Dee See War Allen, Peter 11 Allen, Red See Osborne Brothers, The Allen, Richard “Pistol” See Funk Brothers

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Def Leppard Allen, Rodney See Blue Aeroplanes, The Allen, Ross See Mekons, The Allen, Terry 56 Allen, Verden “Phally” See Mott the Hoople Allen, Wally See Pretty Things, The Allender, Paul See Cradle of Filth All-4-One 17 Allien, Ellen 55 Allison, Joe 42 Allison, Luther 21 Allison, Mose 17 Allison, Verne See Dells, The Allman, Chris See Greater Vision Allman, Duane See Allman Brothers, The Allman, Gregg See Allman Brothers, The Allman Brothers, The 6 Alloy Orchestra 51 Allred, Glen See Florida Boys, The Allsup, Michael Rand See Three Dog Night Allyson, Karrin 42 Almgren, Sara See (International Almond, Marc 29 Also see Soft Cell Almqvist, Howlin’ Pelle See Hives, The Almstead, Derek See Of Montreal Aloha 59 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Alphin, Kenny See Big & Rich Alphonso, Roland See Skatalites, The al-Sahir, Kadim See Sahir, Kadim alAlsing, Pelle See Roxette Alsop, Marin 58 Alston, Andy See Del Amitri Alston, Shirley See Shirelles, The Altan 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Altenfelder, Andy See Willem Breuker Kollektief Alvarado, Mario See Banda el Recodo

Also see Blasters, The Also see X Alvin, Phil See Blasters, The Am, Svet See KMFDM Amadou & Mariam 49 Amante, Michael 61 Amato, Dave See REO Speedwagon Amber 40 Ambrosius, Marsha See Floetry Ambush, Scott See Spyro Gyra Amedee, Steve See Subdudes, The A-Mei 40 Ameling, Elly 24 Ament, Jeff See Pearl Jam America 16 America, Lenny See Sunset Valley American Hi-Fi 44 American Music Club 15 Amerie 56 Ames, Ed 31 Ames, Kenny See Jason & the Scorchers Amici Forever 57 Amico, Vinnie See moe. Amis, Danny See Los Straitjackets AMM 41 Ammons, Albert 53 Ammons, Gene 39 Amon, Robin See Pearls Before Swine Amorosi, Vanessa 37 Amos, Bob See Front Range Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastacia 38 Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead 54 Anderson, Alfa See Chic Anderson, Al See NRBQ Anderson, Andy See Cure, The Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, Brett See Donnas, The Anderson, Brett See Suede

Álvarez, Marcelo 45

Anderson, Cleave See Blue Rodeo

Allen, Rick See Box Tops, The

Alvarez, Oscar See Banda el Recodo

Anderson, Dave See Hawkwind

Allen, Rick

Alvin, Dave 17

Anderson, Emma


Cumulative Musicians Index • 247

Also see Sisqó Andrews, Maxene See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Patty See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Revert See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Andrews Sisters, The 9 Andriano, Dan See Alkaline Trio Andrus, Sherman See Imperials, The Andrusco, Eugene See Starflyer 59 Andrusco, Gene Emil Harvey See Adam Again Andy See Ex, The Andy, Bob See Paragons, The Andy, Horace See Massive Attack Angel, Ashley Parker See O-Town Angel, Eddie See Los Straitjackets Angel, Jerry See Blasters, The Anger, Darol See Turtle Island String Quartet Anggun 60 Angus, Colin See Shamen, The Animals, The 22 Anka, Paul 2 Anointed 21 Anonymous, Rodney See Dead Milkmen Anonymous 4 23 Anselmo, Philip See Pantera Ant, Adam See Adam Ant Anthony, Larry See Dru Hill Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anthony, Michael See Massive Attack Anthony, Michael See Van Halen Anthony, Ray 60 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Antin, Jesse See Chanticleer Anton, Alan See Cowboy Junkies, The

Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Apl.de.Ap See Black Eyed Peas Apollo 9 See Rocket from the Crypt Aponte, Charlie See El Gran Combo Appice, Vinnie See Black Sabbath Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Appleby, Jo See Amici Forever Apples in Stereo 30 Appleton, Natalie See All Saints Appleton, Nicole See All Saints April, Johnny See Staind April Wine 43 Aqua 34 Aqua Velvets 23 Aquabats, The 22 Arab Strap 33 Araya, Tom See Slayer Arbulu, Shia See La Ley Archambault, Regent See La Bottine Souriante Archer, Al See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Archer, Gem See Oasis Archers of Loaf 21 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Ardito, Douglas See Puddle of Mudd Ardolino, Tom See NRBQ Arellano, Rod See Aquabats, The Arena, Tina 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Arentzen, Jamie See American Hi-Fi Argent, Rod See Zombies, The Argerich, Martha 27 Arias, Raymond See Ceili Rain Arjona, Ricardo 43 Arkenstone, David 40 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Arlen, Harold 27

Andrews, Jessica 34

Antoni, Mark De Gli See Soul Coughing

Arm, Mark See Mudhoney

Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Antunes, Michael See Beaver Brown Band, The

Armaou, Lindsay See B*Witched

Andrews, Laverne See Andrews Sisters, The

Anu, Christine 34

Armatrading, Joan 4

Anway, Susan See Magnetic Fields, The

Armerding, Jake See Northern Lights

A1 41

Armerding, Taylor

See Lush Anderson, Ernestine 53 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Gladstone See Skatalites, The Anderson, Ian See Jethro Tull Anderson, Jhelisa See Shamen, The Anderson, John 5 Anderson, John See Fugs, The Anderson, Jon See Yes Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Keith “Wolf” See Rebirth Brass Band Anderson, Keith See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Anderson, Marian 8 Anderson, Pamela See Incognito Anderson, Ray 7 Anderson, Reid See Bad Plus, The Anderson, Signe See Jefferson Airplane Anderson, Tai See Third Day Anderson, Wessell 42 Andersson, Benny See Abba Andersson, Henrik See Komeda Andersson, Karin See Knife, The Andes, Mark See Spirit Andes, Matt See Spirit Andes, Rachel See Spirit Andrade, Sergio See Lifehouse Andress, Tuck See Tuck & Patti Andrew, Angus See Liars Andrew, Patrick See PFR Andrew W.K. 46 Andrews, Barry See XTC Andrews, Bob See Brinsley Schwarz Andrews, Christopher See Mojave 3

Andrews, Mark See Dru Hill

See Northern Lights Armik 41 Armstrong, Billie Joe See Green Day Armstrong, Louis 4 Armstrong, Paul See Country Joe and the Fish Armstrong, Robbie See Royal Trux Armstrong, Rollo See Faithless Armstrong, Tim See Rancid Armstrong, Vanessa Bell 24 Arnaz, Desi 8 Arni, Stefan See Gus Gus Arnold, Brad See 3 Doors Down Arnold, Eddy 10 Arnold, James See Four Lads, The Arnold, Kristine See Sweethearts of the Rodeo Aronoff, Kenny 21 Arrau, Claudio 1 Arreola, James See Los Palominos Arreola, Jesse See Los Palominos Arreola, Johnny See Los Palominos Arreola, Jorge See Los Palominos Arreola, Julio See Los Palominos Arrested Development 14 Arsenault, Albert See Barachois Arsenault, Chuck See Barachois Arsenault, Louise See Barachois Arsenault-Bergeron, Helene See Barachois Arson, Nicholaus See Hives, The Art of Noise 22 Art Ensemble of Chicago, The 23 Arthur, Brian See Goldfinger Arthur, Davey See Fureys, The Arthur, Joseph 57 Arthurs, Paul “Bonehead” See Oasis Artifacts 23 Arzamastsev, Alexander See Bering Strait Ash 34 Ash, Daniel See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets Ashanti 45 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Also see Verve, The

248 • Cumulative Musicians Index Ashford, Jack See Funk Brothers Ashford, Rosalind See Martha and the Vandellas Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Ashley, Bob See Guess Who Ashton, John See Psychedelic Furs Ashton, Nick See Northwoods Improvisers Ashton, Susan 17 Asian Dub Foundation 30 Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Assad, Badi 36 Association, The 59 Astbury, Ian See Cult, The Asthana, Shivika See Papas Fritas Astley, Rick 5 Aston, Jay “J” See Gene Loves Jezebel Aston, Michael See Gene Loves Jezebel Astro See UB40 Asuo, Kwesi See Arrested Development Aswad 34 At The Drive-In 32 Atari Teenage Riot 27 A*Teens 36 Aterciopelados 38 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atkins, Erica See Mary Mary Atkins, Juan 52 Atkins, Martin See Killing Joke Also see Pigface Atkins, Tina See Mary Mary Atkins, Victor “Red” See Los Hombres Calientes Atkinson, Lyle See Brave Combo Atkinson, Paul See Zombies, The Atkinson, Sweet Pea See Was (Not Was) Atom See Rocket from the Crypt Atomic Fireballs, The 27 ATR See Boredoms, The Attisso, Barthelemy See Orchestra Baobab


Auf Der Maur, Melissa See Smashing Pumpkins Also see Hole Auge, Jymn See His Name Is Alive Augustyniak, Jerry See 10,000 Maniacs Auldridge, Mike 4 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Austin, Cuba See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Austin, Dallas 16 Austin, Kenneth See Rebirth Brass Band Austin, Patti 47 Austin, Sherrié 34 Austral, Florence 26 Autechre 35 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Avalon 26 Avalon, Frankie 5 Avant 54 Ævar, Ágúst See Sigur Rós Average White Band 38 Averre, Berton See Knack, The Avery, Brad See Third Day Avery, Eric See Jane’s Addiction Avery, Teodross 23 Avila, John See Oingo Boingo Avory, Mick See Kinks, The Also see Rolling Stones, The Axelrod, David 34 Axelson, Eric See Dismemberment Plan Axton, Hoyt 28 Axton, Mae 53 Ayala, Paco See Molotov Ayers, Kevin 58 Ayers, Kevin See Gong Also see Soft Machine Ayers, Roy 39 Aykroyd, Dan See Blues Brothers, The Ayler, Albert 19 Ayres, Ben See Cornershop AZ 44 Azmat, Ali See Junoon

See Front 242 B. Stille See Nappy Roots Baah, Reebop Kwaku See Can Also see Traffic Baatin See Slum Village Babatunde, Don See Last Poets Babbington, Roy See Soft Machine Babbitt, Bob See Funk Brothers Babes in Toyland 16 Babjak, James See Smithereens, The Babu See Dilated Peoples Babydaddy See Scissor Sisters Babyface See Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” Baca, Susana 32 Bacchus, Richard See D Generation Bach, Leroy See Wilco Bach, Sebastian See Skid Row Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bachman, Eric See Archers of Loaf Bachman, Randy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Also see Guess Who Bachman, Robbie See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Bachman, Tim See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Bachman-Turner Overdrive 50 Bacilos 48 Backstreet Boys 21 Backus, Donald “Gus” See Del Vikings, The Bad Brains 16 Bad Company 22 Bad Religion 28 Badalamenti, Angelo 17

Aznavour, Charles 45

Badowski, Henry See Damned, The

Badfinger 23 Badger, Pat See Extreme Bad Livers, The 19 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Badoux, Gwen See Les Négresses Vertes

Atwater, Aubrey See Atwater-Donnelly

Azorr, Chris See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies

Atwater-Donnelly 53

Aztec Camera 22

Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22

B., Craig See Aereogramme

Badrena, Manolo See Spyro Gyra Also see Weather Report

Audioslave 56

B, Daniel

Badu, Erykah 26

Bad Plus, The 49

Baechle, Clark See Faint, The Baechle, Todd See Faint, The Baez, Joan 1 Bagarozzi, Chris See Down By Law Bagayoko, Amadou See Amadou & Mariam Baggs, Perry See Jason & the Scorchers Baha Men 32 Bailey, Chris See Saints, The Bailey, Derek 40 Bailey, John “Buddy” See Clovers, The Bailey, Keith See Gong Bailey, Mildred 13 Bailey, Pearl 5 Bailey, Phil See Earth, Wind and Fire Bailey, Tom See Thompson Twins Bailey, Victor See Urban Knights Also see Weather Report Bailon, Adrienne See 3LW Bain, Jimmy See Rainbow Bain, Pete See Spacemen 3 Bainbridge, Harvey See Hawkwind Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baker, Arthur 23 Baker, Bobby See Tragically Hip, The Baker, Brian See Bad Religion Baker, Chet 13 Baker, Dale See Sixpence None the Richer Baker, David See Mercury Rev Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Baker, James See Hoodoo Gurus Baker, Janet 14 Baker, Jon See Charlatans, The Baker, Josephine 10 Baker, LaVern 25 Baker, Victor See Liquid Soul Baker, Wilson See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Baksh, Dave “Brownsound” See Sum 41 Balakrishnan, David See Turtle Island String Quartet

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Balanescu, Alexander See Spiritualized Balch, Bob See Fu Manchu Balch, Michael See Front Line Assembly Baldassari, Butch 43 Balderrama, Robert “Bobby” See ? and the Mysterians Baldes, Kevin See Lit Baldry, Long John 51 Baldursson, Sigtryggur See Sugarcubes, The Baldwin, Donny See Starship Bales, Kevin See Spiritualized Balfa, Christine See Balfa Toujours Balfa, Dewey 49 Balfa Toujours 54 Baliardo, Diego See Gipsy Kings, The Baliardo, Paco See Gipsy Kings, The Baliardo, Tonino See Gipsy Kings, The Balin, Marty See Jefferson Airplane Ball, Dave See Soft Cell Ball, Ian See Gomez Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Ball, Michael 43 Ball, Roger See Average White Band Ballance, Laura See Superchunk Ballard, Florence See Supremes, The Ballard, Hank 17 Ballew, Chris See Presidents of the United States of America, The Balsamo, Terry See Cold Balsamo, Terry See Evanescence Balsley, Phil See Statler Brothers, The

Banda el Recodo 56 Bang, Billy See String Trio of New York Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Bangalter, Thomas See Daft Punk Bangles, The 22 Bangs, Lester 44 Banhart, Devendra 52 Banks, Lloyd 60 Banks, Nick See Pulp Banks, Paul See Interpol Banks, Peter See Yes Banks, Tony See Genesis Banner, David 58 Banton, Buju 35 Banton, Hugh See Van der Graaf Generator Bapa, Alexander See Huun-Huur-Tu Bapa, Sayan See Huun-Huur-Tu Barachois 53 Baratto, Krys See Great White Barbarossa, Dave See Republica Barbata, John See Jefferson Starship Barber, Don See Northwoods Improvisers Barber, Keith See Soul Stirrers, The Barber, Patricia 40 Barber, Samuel 34 Barbero, Lori See Babes in Toyland Barbieri, Gato 22 Barbirolli, Lady Evelyn See Rothwell, Evelyn Barbot, Bill See Jawbox Bardens, Peter See Camel Bardo Pond 28 Bare, Bobby 48

Barker, Paul See Ministry Barker, Travis Landon See Aquabats, The Also see Blink 182 Barksdale, Charles See Dells, The Barlow, Andy See Lamb Barlow, Barriemore See Jethro Tull Barlow, Bruce See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barlow, Tommy See Aztec Camera Barnes, Danny See Bad Livers, The Barnes, Don See .38 Special Barnes, Jeffrey See Brave Combo Barnes, Jeremy See Neutral Milk Hotel Barnes, Jimmy See Cold Chisel Barnes, Kevin See Of Montreal Barnes, Micah See Nylons, The Barnes, Neil See Leftfield Barnes, Nina See Of Montreal Barnes, Prentiss See Moonglows, The Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Barnett, Amanda See Ditty Bops, The Barnett, Mandy 26 Barnwell, Duncan See Simple Minds Barnwell, Ysaye Maria See Sweet Honey in the Rock Barocas, Zach See Jawbox

Barenaked Ladies 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Barr, Al See Dropkick Murphys

Barenboim, Daniel 30

Barr, Jess See Slobberbone

Baltes, Peter See Dokken

Bargeld, Blixa See Einstürzende Neubauten

Baltimore, Charli 54

Bargeron, Dave See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Balzano, Vinnie See Less Than Jake Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bamonte, Perry See Cure, The Bananarama 22 Bancroft, Cyke See Bevis Frond Band, The 9


Barham, Meriel See Lush

Barr, Ralph See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Barradas, Miggy See Divine Comedy, The Barra MacNeils, The 48

Barile, Jo See Ventures, The

Barre, Martin See Jethro Tull

Barjed, Mattias See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The

Barrere, Paul See Little Feat

Barker, Andrew See 808 State

See Reel Big Fish Barrett, Dicky See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Barrett, Howard See Paragons, The Barrett, Mike See Lettermen, The Barrett, Robert “T-Mo” See Goodie Mob Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Barrett, Tina See S Club 7 Barretto, Ray 37 Barrick, Matt See Walkmen, The Barrino, Fantasia 61 Barron, Christopher See Spin Doctors Barron, Kenny 37 Barrow, Geoff See Portishead Barrueco, Manuel 39 Barry, Grant See Reel Big Fish Barry, John 29 Barry, Mark See BBMak Barson, Mike See Madness Bartek, Steve See Oingo Boingo Bartels, Joanie 13 Barth, Bruce 50 Barth, Molly See eighth blackbird Barthol, Bruce See Country Joe and the Fish Bartholomew, Simon See Brand New Heavies, The Bartoli, Cecilia 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Barton, Lou Ann See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Barton, Rick See Dropkick Murphys Barton Pine, Rachel 52 Bartos, Karl See James Gang Bartos, Karl See Kraftwerk Barzelay, Eef See Clem Snide Basehead 11 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Basher, Mick See X Basia 5 Basie, Count 2 Bass, Colin See Camel Bass, Fontella 49

Barret, Charlie See Fixx, The

Bass, Lance See ’N Sync

Barrett, Aaron

Bass, Ralph 24

250 • Cumulative Musicians Index Bastida, Ceci (Cecilia) See Tijuana No! Batchelor, Kevin See Big Mountain Also see Steel Pulse Batel, Beate See Einstürzende Neubauten Bateman, Bill See Blasters, The Bates, Stuart “Pinkie” See Divine Comedy, The Batiste, David See Meters, The Batiste, Lionel See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Batoh, Masaki See Ghost Also see Pearls Before Swine Battin, Skip See Byrds, The Battle, John See Fairfield Four Battle, Kathleen 6 Battle, Phyllis See Fifth Dimension Battlefield Band, The 31 Batty, Cody See Fugs, The Baucom, Terry See IIIrd Tyme Out Bauer, Johannes 32 Bauer, Judah See Jon Spencer Blues Explosion Bauer, Peter See Walkmen, The Bauermeister, Chris See Jawbreaker Bauhaus 27 Baum, Kevin See Chanticleer Baumann, Peter See Tangerine Dream Bautista, Roland See Earth, Wind and Fire Baxter, Adrian See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Baxter, Jeff See Doobie Brothers, The Baxter, Les 47 Baxter, Steve See Daniel Amos Bayer Sager, Carole See Sager, Carole Bayer Bayliss, Michael See Saints, The Baylor, Helen 20 Baylor, Marcus See Yellowjackets Baynton-Power, David See James Bays, Steve See Hot Hot Heat Bazan, David See Pedro the Lion Bazilian, Eric See Hooters

Bazz, John See Blasters, The BBMak 38 Be Good Tanyas 48 Beach Boys, The 1 Beale, Michael See Earth, Wind and Fire Beamer, Keola 43 Beard, Annette See Martha and the Vandellas Beard, Frank See ZZ Top Beasley, Les See Florida Boys, The Beasley, Paul See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Beat Farmers 23 Beat Happening 28 Beatles, The 2 Beau Brummels 39 Beauford, Carter See Dave Matthews Band Beausoleil 37 Beautiful South 19 Beauvoir, Jean See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Bechdel, John See Fear Factory Bechet, Sidney 17 Beck 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Beck, William See Ohio Players Beckenstein, Jay See Spyro Gyra

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Redbone Bellamy, David See Bellamy Brothers, The Bellamy, Howard See Bellamy Brothers, The Bellamy, Matthew See Muse Bellamy Brothers, The 13 Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Belle and Sebastian 28 Bellinger, Dennis See Grand Funk Railroad Bello, Elissa See Go-Go’s, The Bello, Frank See Anthrax Bello, Frank See Gaelic Storm Belly 16 Belove, David See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Belton, Ian See Brodsky Quartet Beltrán, Lola 48 Beltrán, Tito 28 Belushi, John See Blues Brothers, The Bement, Dwight See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Ben Folds Five 20 Benante, Charlie See Anthrax Ben-Ari, Miri 49 Benatar, Pat 8 Benckert, Vicki See Roxette Bender, Ariel See Mott the Hoople Benedict, Scott See Pere Ubu

Bedeau, Curt (Curt-t-t) See Full Force

Beenie Man 33 Beers, Garry Gary See INXS Bega, Lou 36 Begs See Les Négresses Vertes Behler, Chuck See Megadeth Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Beiser, Maya See Bang on a Can All-Stars Bejar, Daniel See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers Belafonte, Harry 8 Belanger, George See Christian Death Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see King Crimson Belfield, Dennis See Three Dog Night Belgrave, Marcus 57 Belitsky, Mike See Pernice Brothers Also see Sadies, The Belk, Darren See Wedding Present, The Bell, Andy See Erasure Also see Oasis Also see Ride Bell, Brian See Weezer Bell, Burton C. See Fear Factory Bell, Carl See Fuel Bell, Chris See Big Star Bell, Chris See Gene Loves Jezebel Bell, Chris See Thompson Twins Bell, Derek See Chieftains, The Bell, Eric See Thin Lizzy Bell, Jayn See Sounds of Blackness Bell, John See Widespread Panic Bell, Joshua 21 Bell, Melissa See Soul II Soul Bell, Richard See Blue Aeroplanes, The

Bedford, Mark See Madness

Bell, Robert “Kool” See Kool & the Gang

Bennett, Estelle See Ronettes, The

Bedouin Soundclash 58

Bell, Taj See Charm Farm

Bennett, Gary See BR5-49

Bell, Trent See Chainsaw Kittens, The

Bennett, Jay See Wilco

Belladonna, Joey See Anthrax

Bennett, Patricia See Chiffons, The

Bellamy, Anthony

Bennett, Ronnie

Becker, Joseph See Loud Family, The Becker, Margaret 31 Becker, Walter See Steely Dan Beckford, Andrew “Bees” See Black Uhuru Beckford, Theophilus See Skatalites, The Beckley, Gerry See America Bedassie, Andrea See Stereo MC’s

Beech, Wes See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Beecham, Thomas 27 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Benét, Eric 27 Benett, Graham See Rainbow Ben Geloune, Latfi See Orchestra Baobab Bengry, Peter See Cornershop Benitez, Jellybean 15 Benjamin, Andre “Dre” See OutKast Benjamin, William “Benny” See Funk Brothers Bennett, Brian See Shadows, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Ronettes, The Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Bennett-Nesby, Ann See Sounds of Blackness Benning, Sadie See Le Tigre Bennington, Chester See Linkin Park Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons Benoit, Tab 31 Benson, Brendan 55 Benson, George 9 Benson, Jessica See 3LW Benson, Ray See Asleep at the Wheel Benson, Renaldo “Obie” See Four Tops, The Benson, Wayne See IIIrd Tyme Out Bentley, Dierks 56 Bentley, Jay See Circle Jerks Also see Bad Religion Bentley, John See Squeeze Benton, Brook 7 Bentyne, Cheryl See Manhattan Transfer, The Berenyi, Miki See Lush Beres, Jeff See Sister Hazel Berg, Matraca 16 Berg, Moe See Pursuit of Happiness, The Berg, Ron See Savoy Brown Berge, Chuck See Rainbow Berge, Svein See Röyksopp Bergeson, Ben See Aquabats, The Berggren, Jenny See Ace of Base Berggren, Jonas See Ace of Base

Berlin, Irving 8 Berlin, Liz See Rusted Root Berlin, Steve See Blasters, The Also see Los Lobos Berline, Byron See Dillards, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Bernal, Steve See Poi Dog Pondering Berndt, Jay See Kilgore Bernstein, Elmer 36 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Berry, Bill See R.E.M. Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Berry, Jan See Jan & Dean Berry, John 17 Berry, Robert See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Berry, Roy See Lucero Berry, Shaun See Los Lonely Boys Berryhill, Bob See Surfaris, The Berryman, Guy See Coldplay Bert, Bob See Sonic Youth Beschta, Scott See Promise Ring, The Bess, Chris See Southern Culture on the Skids Bessant, Jack See Reef Best, Brent See Slobberbone

Berggren, Linn See Ace of Base

Bethea, Ken See Old 97’s

Berggren, Wes See Tripping Daisy

Bettencourt, Nuno See Extreme

Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30

Better Than Ezra 19

Bergmark, Christina See Wannadies, The

Bettie Serveert 17

Berigan, Bunny 2 Bering Strait 57

Best, Nathaniel See O’Jays, The Best, Pete See Beatles, The Beta Band, The 27 Betha, Mason See Mase

Bettini, Tom See Jackyl Betts, Dicky See Allman Brothers, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 251 Also see Electric Light Orchestra Bever, Pete See Workhorse Movement, The Bevis Frond 23 Bey, Andy 45 Bezozi, Alan See Dog’s Eye View B-52’s, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bhag-dad-a, Omar See Lane, Fred Biafra, Jello 18 Also see Dead Kennedys Bibey, Alan See IIIrd Tyme Out Bidini, Dave See Rheostatics Bidwell, Dave See Savoy Brown Big Audio Dynamite 18 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Big Bank Hank See Sugarhill Gang Big Country? 49 Big Head Todd and the Monsters 20 Big Mike See Geto Boys, The Big Money Odis See Digital Underground Big Mountain 23 Big Paul See Killing Joke Big Punisher 43 Big Star 36 Big V See Nappy Roots Big Youth 43 Big & Rich 57 Biger, Guenole See Les Négresses Vertes Bigham, John See Fishbone Big Tymers, The 42 Bilk, Acker 47 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Billingham, Mickey See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Bingham, John See Fishbone

See Supremes, The Birdstuff See Man or Astroman? Birgisson, Jón Pór See Sigur Rós Birmingham, Mark See Saints, The Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Biscuits, Chuck See Circle Jerks Also see Danzig Also see D.O.A. Also see Social Distortion Bishop, Elvin 41 Bishop, Jeb 28 Also see Flying Luttenbachers, The Bishop, Michael See Gwar Bishop, Steven See Powderfinger Bitney, Dan See Tortoise Bitts, Mike See Innocence Mission, The Bixler, Cedric See At The Drive-In Bixler, Solon See Earlimart Bixler Zavala, Cedric See Mars Volta, The

Bin Hassan, Umar See Last Poets

Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The

Binks, Les See Judas Priest

Black, Jack See Tenacious D

Binns, Henry See Zero 7

Black, Jet See Stranglers, The

Biondo, George See Steppenwolf

Black, Jimmy Carl “India Ink” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Birch, Rob See Stereo MC’s

Berkely, Anthony (Poetic the Grym Reaper) See Gravediggaz

Beulah 48

Birchfield, Benny See Osborne Brothers, The

Bevan, Alonza See Kula Shaker

Bird See Parker, Charlie

Berkowitz, Daisy See Marilyn Manson

Bevan, Bev See Black Sabbath

Bird, Andrew 46

Berio, Luciano 32

Birdsong, Cindy

Biz Markie 10 Bizarre See D12 BizzyBone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Bjelland, Kat See Babes in Toyland Bjerregard, Marty See Saints, The Bjork, Brant See Fu Manchu Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Bobby See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Black, Lori See Melvins Black, Lorne See Great White Black, Mary 15 Black, Robert See Bang on a Can All-Stars

252 • Cumulative Musicians Index


Blanchard, Terence 13 Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12 Bland, Chris See Vigilantes of Love Blasters, The 41 Blatt, Melanie See All Saints Bleek, Memphis 56 Blegen, Jutith 23 Blegvad, Peter 28 Blessid Union of Souls 20 Bley, Carla 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Blige, Mary J. 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Blind Melon 21 Blink 182 27 Bliss, Lang See Ceili Rain Bloch, Alan See Concrete Blonde Bloch, Kurt See Fastbacks, The Block, Ken See Sister Hazel Block, Norman See Rasputina Block, Rory 18 Blocker, Joe See Love Blonde Redhead 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blondin, Dan See Samples Blondy, Alpha 40 Blood, Dave See Dead Milkmen Blood, Johnny See Magnetic Fields, The Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Bloom, Eric See Blue Oyster Cult Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blount, Herman “Sonny” See Sun Ra Blue, Buddy See Beat Farmers Blue, Sam See Ultravox Blue, Vicky See Runaways, The Blue Highway 41 Blue Man Group 44 Blue Mountain 38 Blue October 61

Bluegrass Patriots 22 Blues, Elwood See Blues Brothers, The Blues, “Joliet” Jake See Blues Brothers, The Blues Traveler 15 Blues Brothers, The 3 Bluetones, The 29 Bluiett, Hamiet 45 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Blunda, Andy See Paloalto Blunstone, Colin See Zombies, The Blunt, John See Searchers, The Blunt, Martin See Charlatans, The Blur 45 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Blythe, Arthur See Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Blythe, Geoffrey See Black 47 Blythe, Jeff See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Boards of Canada 44 Bob, Tim See Rage Against the Machine

Blakely, Paul See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Blue Oyster Cult 16

Boggs, Tom See Box Tops, The

Blakey, Art 11 Blakey, Colin See Waterboys, The

Black, Tommy See Paloalto Black, Vic See C + C Music Factory Black Eyed Peas 45 Black Flag 22 Black 47 37 Black Francis See Black, Frank Black Rebel Motorcycle Club 58 Black Sabbath 9 Black Sheep 15 Black Thought See Roots, The Black Uhuru 41 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Blackalicious 39 Blackburn, Paul See Gomez Black Crowes, The 35 Earlier sketch in CM 7 BlackHawk 21 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blackman, Nicole See Golden Palominos Blackman, Tee-Wee See Memphis Jug Band Blackmon, Larry See Cameo Blackmore, Ritchie See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Blackstreet 23 Blackwell, Ben See Dirtbombs, The Blackwell, Chris 26 Blackwell, Ed 55 Blackwell, Otis 57 Blackwood, Sarah See Dubstar Blackwood, Terry See Imperials, The Bladd, Stephen Jo See J. Geils Band Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Blair, Ron See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Blake, Eubie 19 Blake, Katharine See Mediaeval Baebes Blake, Norman 47 Blake, Norman See Swizz Beatz Blake, Norman See Teenage Fanclub Blake, Ran 38 Blake, Tim See Gong

Blue Rodeo 18 Blue Sky Boys 46

Bobe, Andrés See La Ley Bobo, William See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Bocelli, Andrea 59 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Böcker, Eva See Ensemble Modern BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bodine, Michelle See Brainiac Bøe, Eirik See Kings of Convenience Boesel, Jason See Rilo Kiley Boff, Richard See Chumbawamba Bofill, Angela 57 Bogaert, Jo See Technotronic Bogart, Mike See Tower of Power Bogdan, Henry See Helmet Boggs, Dock 25

Bohannon, Jim See Pearls Before Swine Bohay-Nowell, Victor Dudley See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Bolade Casel, Nitanju See Sweet Honey in the Rock Bolan, Marc See T. Rex Bolan, Rachel See Skid Row Bolcom, William 54 Bold, Thomas See Chanticleer Bolick, Bill See Blue Sky Boys Bolick, Earl See Blue Sky Boys Bolin, Tommy See James Gang Bolles, Don See Germs, The Bolling, Claude 49 Bolooki, Cyrus See New Found Glory Bolton, Dan See Supersuckers Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Boltz, Ray 33 Bon Jovi 34 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Bonamy, James 21 Bond 43 Bond, Johnny 28 Bone Thugs-N-Harmony 18 Bonebrake, D. J. See X Bonfanti, Jim See Raspberries Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Bonham, John See Led Zeppelin Bonham, Tracy 34 Bon Jovi, Jon See Bon Jovi Bonnar, Graham See Swervedriver Bonnecaze, Cary See Better Than Ezra Bonner, Leroy “Sugarfoot” See Ohio Players Bonney, Barbara 33 Bono, Sonny See Sonny and Cher Bono See U2 Bonsall, Joe See Oak Ridge Boys, The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band 30 Booher, Chris See Asleep at the Wheel Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24

Blue Aeroplanes, The 39

Bogguss, Suzy 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Books See Das EFX

Bluechel Jr., Ted See Association, The

Bogle, Bob See Ventures, The

Boom Boom, Mahatma See Rube Waddell

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Boon, D. See Minutemen, The Boone, Debby 46 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boone, Steve See Lovin’ Spoonful Boo Radleys, The 21 Booth, Sean See Autechre Booth, Tim See James Boquist, Dave See Son Volt Boquist, Jim See Son Volt Borchardt, Jeffrey See Velvet Crush Bordeleau, Michel See La Bottine Souriante Borden, B.B. See Molly Hatchet Bordin, Mike See Faith No More Boredoms, The 28 Borg, Bobby See Warrant Borge, Victor 19 Borjas, Larry See ? and the Mysterians Borland, Wes See Limp Bizkit Borowiak, Tony See All-4-One Börtz, Daniel 52 Borzilova, Natasha See Bering Strait Bosé, Miguel 40 Boss Hog 29 Bossard, Henry K. See Swan Silvertones, The Bostaph, Paul See Slayer Bostek, James See Atomic Fireballs, The Bostic-Summers, Yvette See Los Hombres Calientes Boston 11 Boston, Mark “Rockette Morton” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Boulanger, Nadia 56 Boulding, Bob See Young Dubliners Boulding, Pam (Pattison) See Magical Strings Boulding, Philip See Magical Strings Boulez, Pierre 26 Bourdon, Rob See Linkin Park Bouvier, Pierre See Simple Plan Bovine, Vinnie See Screeching Weasel Bow Wow 45 Bowen, Jimmy See Country Gentlemen, The Bowens, Sir Harry See Was (Not Was) Bowery, Leigh See Minty Bowery, Nicole See Minty Bowes, Tom See Tower of Power Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bowie, Lester 29 Also see Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Bowling for Soup 54 Bowman, Steve See Counting Crows Bown, Andy See Status Quo Box, Mick See Uriah Heep Boxcar Willie 41 Box Tops, The 44 Boy Howdy 21 Boyd, Brandon See Incubus Boyd, Eadie See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Elena See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Liona 7 Boyd, Milly See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Will See Evanescence

Cumulative Musicians Index • 253 Bracken, Ben See Northwoods Improvisers Brad 21 Brad Daddy X See Kottonmouth Kings Bradbury, John See Specials, The Bradbury, Randy See Pennywise Bradfield, James Dean See Manic Street Preachers Bradley, Jacob See Vigilantes of Love Bradley, Michael See Undertones, The Bradley, Robert See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Bradshaw, Kym See Saints, The Bradshaw, Tim See Dog’s Eye View Bradstreet, Rick See Bluegrass Patriots Brady, Pat See Sons of the Pioneers Brady, Paul 8 Braff, Ruby 43 Bragg, Billy 7 Bragg, Nicolass See Destroyer Bragg, Todd See Caedmon’s Call Braggs, Larry See Tower of Power Brahem, Anouar 46 Brain, Matt See Grapes of Wrath, The Brainiac 53 Braithwaite, Stuart See Mogwai Bramah, Martin See Fall, The Bramlett, Bekka See Fleetwood Mac Bramley, Clyde See Hoodoo Gurus Branca, Glenn 29 Branch, Michelle 47 Brancowitz, Laurent See Phoenix Brand New Heavies, The 14 Brandon, Ronnie See McCoys, The

See Phantom Planet Brave Combo 31 Braxton, Anthony 12 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Bread 40 Breadman, Scott See Rippingtons B-Real See Cypress Hill Bream, Julian 9 Breaux, Jimmy See Beausoleil Brecker, Michael 29 Breeders 53 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Bregante, Merel See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Brendel, Alfred 23 Brennan, Ciaran See Clannad Brennan, Maire See Clannad Brennan, Paul See Odds Brennan, Pol See Clannad Brennan, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Brenner, Simon See Talk Talk Breuker, Willem See Willem Breuker Kollektief Brevette, Lloyd See Skatalites, The Brewer, Don See Grand Funk Railroad BR5-49 35 Brickell, Edie 3 Brickman, Jim 22 Bridgeman, Noel See Waterboys, The Bridgewater, Dee Dee 18 Brigati, Eddie See Rascals, The Briggs, David See Pearls Before Swine Briggs, James Randall See Aquabats, The Briggs, Vic See Animals, The Bright, Garfield See Shai Bright, Ronnie See Coasters, The Bright, William See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Bright Eyes 42

Bostrom, Derrick See Meat Puppets, The

Boyer, Patrick See Northwoods Improvisers

Botti, Chris 40 Bottle Rockets 42

Boyes, Jim See Coope, Boyes & Simpson

Botts, Mike See Bread

Boyle, Doug See Caravan

Brandy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Bottum, Roddy See Faith No More Also see Imperial Teen

Boyz II Men 15

Branigan, Laura 2

Boyzone 40

Brannon, Kippi 20

Bozulich, Carla See Geraldine Fibbers

Brant, Henry 39

Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Brantley, Junior See Roomful of Blues

Briley, Alex See Village People, The

Brashear, Todd See Slint

Brindley, Paul See Sundays, The

Bratke, Marcelo 52

Brinsley Schwarz 40

Brautbar, Jacques

Brion, Jon 52

Bouchard, Albert See Blue Oyster Cult Bouchard, Joe See Blue Oyster Cult Bouchikhi, Chico See Gipsy Kings, The

Bozzio, Dale See Missing Persons Bozzio, Terry See Knack, The Also see Missing Persons

Brandt, Paul 22

254 • Cumulative Musicians Index Brotherdale, Steve See Joy Division Also see Smithereens, The Brötzmann, Caspar 27 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Broudie, Ian See Lightning Seeds Broussard, Jules See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Broussard, Russ See Continental Drifters Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Amanda See Go-Betweens, The Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Brooks See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Brown, Bundy K. See Tortoise Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11 Brown, Clarence 58 Brown, Clifford 24 Brown, Dan K. See Fixx, The Brown, Danny Joe See Molly Hatchet Brown, Dan See Royal Trux Brown, Dennis 29 Brown, Deondra See 5 Browns, The Brown, Desirae See 5 Browns, The Brown, Donny See Verve Pipe, The Brown, Duncan See Stereolab Brown, Earle 41 Brown, Eddie “Bongo” See Funk Brothers Brown, Foxy 25 Brown, George See Kool & the Gang Brown, Gregory See 5 Browns, The Brown, Greg 56 Brown, Greg See Cake Brown, Harold See War

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See 5 Browns, The Brown, Mick See Dokken Brown, Morris See Pearls Before Swine Brown, Norman 29 Brown, Norman See Mills Brothers, The Brown, Oscar Jr. 56 Brown, Paula See Giant Sand Brown, Rahem See Artifacts Brown, Ray 21 Brown, Robin See Cousteau Brown, Rob See Autechre Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brown, Ryan See 5 Browns, The Brown, Selwyn “Bumbo” See Steel Pulse Brown, Steven See Tuxedomoon Brown, Tim See Boo Radleys, The Brown, Tom See Gaelic Storm Brown, Tony 14 Browne, Ian See Matthew Good Band Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Brownstein, Carrie See Sleater-Kinney Brownstone 21 Brubeck, Dave 8 Bruce, Aaron See Four Lads, The Bruce, Don See Jordanaires, The Bruce, Dustan See Chumbawamba

Bruford, Bill See King Crimson Also see Yes

See Soul Stirrers, The Bryan, David See Bon Jovi Bryan, Karl See Skatalites, The Bryan, Mark See Hootie and the Blowfish Bryant, Elbridge See Temptations, The Bryant, Jeff See Ricochet Bryant, Jimmy See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Bryant, Junior See Ricochet Bryar, Bob See My Chemical Romance Bryck, Merl See Northern Pikes, The Brydon, Mark See Moloko Bryson, Bill See Desert Rose Band, The Bryson, David See Counting Crows Bryson, James See MercyMe Bryson, Peabo 11 Bryson, Wally See Raspberries Brzezicki, Mark See Big Country Also see Ultravox B2K 42 Bubba Sparxxx 48 Buchan, Walter See Exploited, The Buchan, William See Exploited, The Buchanan, Wallis See Jamiroquai Buchholz, Francis See Scorpions, The Buchignani, Paul See Afghan Whigs Buck, Mike See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Buck, Peter See Minus 5, The Buck, Peter See R.E.M. Buck, Robert See 10,000 Maniacs Buck 65 56 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac

Brundtland, Torbjorn See Röyksopp

Buckland, John See Coldplay

Brunet, Andre See La Bottine Souriante

Buckler, Ethan See Slint

Brown, Marty 14

Bruno, Gioia See Exposé

Buckler, Rick See Jam, The

Broom, Bobby 38

Brown, Melanie See Spice Girls

Bruschini, Angelo See Blue Aeroplanes, The

Buckley, Betty 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Broonzy, Big Bill 13

Brown, Melody

Bruster, Thomas

Buckley, Jeff 22

Brisebois, Danielle See New Radicals, The Britt, Michael See Lonestar Britten, Benjamin 15 Brittingham, Eric See Cinderella Brix See Fall, The Broadly, Whit See Paladins, The Broadnax, Willie See Fairfield Four Brock, Dave See Hawkwind Brock, Isaac See Modest Mouse Brock, Jesse See Lynn Morris Band Brockenborough, Dennis See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Brockie, Dave See Gwar Brodsky Quartet 41 Broemel, Carl See My Morning Jacket Brokop, Lisa 22 Brom, Marti 46 Bromberg, David 18 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Brook, Rachel See Flying Saucer Attack Brooke, Jonatha 56 Also see Story, The Brooker, Gary See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Brooker, Nicholas “Natty” See Spacemen 3 Brookes, Jon See Charlatans, The Brookes, Steve See Jam, The Brookins, Steve See .38 Special Brooks, Arthur See Impressions, The Brooks, Baba See Skatalites, The Brooks, DJ See Citizen King Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks, Hadda 43

Brown, Heidi See Treadmill Trackstar

Brooks, Leon Eric “Kix” III See Brooks & Dunn

Brown, Ian See Stone Roses, The

Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30

Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Brooks, Richard See Impressions, The

Brown, Jimmy See UB40

Brooks, Stuart See Pretty Things, The

Brown, Junior 15

Brooks & Dunn 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Brown, Lawrence 23

Bruce, Jack See Cream Also see Golden Palominos Also see Soft Machine Bruce, Joseph Frank See Insane Clown Posse Bruel, Patrick 48

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Buckley, Tim 14 Buckner, David See Papa Roach Buckner, Richard 31 Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Budgie See Siouxsie and the Banshees Buechner, Sara 53 Buell, Garett See Caedmon’s Call Buerstatte, Phil See White Zombie Buffalo Daughter 54 Buffalo Springfield 24 Buffalo Tom 18 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bugz See D12 B¨hler, Urs See Il Divo Built to Spill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Buitrago, Héctor See Aterciopelados Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Bulgin, Lascelle See Israel Vibration Bulloch, Martin See Mogwai Bullock, Craig “DJ Homicide” See Sugar Ray Bumbry, Grace 13 Bumpus, Cornelius See Doobie Brothers, The Bunch, Jon See Sense Field Bundrick, John “Rabbit” See Free Bunford, Huw “Bunf” See Super Furry Animals Bunker, Clive See Jethro Tull Bunkley, John See Atomic Fireballs, The Bunnell, Dewey See America Bunnett, Jane 37 Bunskoeke, Herman See Bettie Serveert Bunton, Emma 54 Also see Spice Girls Burch, Curtis See New Grass Revival, The Burch, Rich See Jimmy Eat World Burchill, Charlie See Simple Minds Burden, Ian See Human League, The Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals, The Also see War Burger, Rob


See Tin Hat Trio Burgess, Paul See Camel Also see 10cc Burgess, Sonny 42 Burgess, Tim See Charlatans, The Burgman, Richard See Saints, The Burke, Clem See Blondie Also see Romantics, The Burke, Solomon 36 Burkum, Tyler See Audio Adrenaline Burleson, Jason See Blue Highway Burnel, J.J. See Stranglers, The Burnett, Carol 6 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burnette, Billy See Fleetwood Mac Burney, Chris See Bowling for Soup Burnham, Charles See String Trio of New York Burnham, Hugo See Gang of Four Burning Spear 15 Burns, Annie See Burns Sisters Burns, Barry See Mogwai Burns, Bob See Lynyrd Skynyrd Burns, Christian See BBMak Burns, Jeannie See Burns Sisters Burns, Joey See Calexico Also see Giant Sand Burns, Karl See Fall, The Burns, Keith See Trick Pony Burns, Marie See Burns Sisters Burns, Pete See Dead or Alive Burns, Ralph 37 Burns, Sheila See Burns Sisters Burns, Terry See Burns Sisters Burns, Vinnie See Ultravox

Burrell, Raymond “Boz” See King Crimson Burroughs, William S. 26 Burrows, Jeff See Tea Party Burse, Charlie See Memphis Jug Band Burse, Robert See Memphis Jug Band Burtch, Aaron See Grandaddy Burtnik, Glen See Styx Burton, Cliff See Metallica Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Burton, Tim See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Also see Promise Ring, The Busby, Jheryl 9 Busch, Neil See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Buschman, Carol See Chordettes, The Bush 38 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bush, Dave See Elastica Also see Fall, The Bush, John See Anthrax Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bush, Kristian See Sugarland Bush, Roger See Flying Burrito Brothers Bush, Sam See New Grass Revival, The Bushkin, Joe 54 Bushwick, Bill See Geto Boys, The Busseri, Frank See Four Lads, The Busta Rhymes 18

Burns Sisters 41

Butler, Matt See NewSong

Burnside, R. L. 34 Burr, Clive See Iron Maiden Burrell, Boz See Bad Company Burrell, Kenny 11

Butala, Tony See Lettermen, The Butcher, Bilinda See My Bloody Valentine Butler, Bernard See Suede Butler, Chad See Switchfoot Butler, Jerry See Impressions, The Butler, Joe See Lovin’ Spoonful

Butler, Richard See Love Spit Love Also see Psychedelic Furs Butler, Syd See Les Savy Fav

Butler, Terry “Geezer” See Black Sabbath Butler, Tim See Love Spit Love Also see Psychedelic Furs Butler, Tony See Big Country Butterfield, Paul 23 Butterfly See Digable Planets Butthole Surfers 16 Buttrey, Kenneth See Pearls Before Swine Buxton, Felix See Basement Jaxx Buynak, John See Rusted Root Buzzcocks, The 9 B*Witched 33 Byard, Jaki 56 Byers, Roddy See Specials, The Byrd, Tracy 39 Byrds, The 8 Byrne, Chris See Black 47 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Byrne, Dermot See Altan Byrne, Nicky See Westlife Byrom, Larry See Steppenwolf Byron, David See Uriah Heep Byron, Don 22 Byron, Lord T. See Lords of Acid C + C Music Factory 16 Caballe, Monserrat 23 Cabaret Voltaire 18 Cable, John See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Cable, Stuart See Stereophonics Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cachao See Lopez, Israel “Cachao” Caddell, Jason See Dismemberment Plan Cadogan, Kevin See Third Eye Blind Caedmon’s Call 39 Caesar, Shirley 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Café Tacuba 45 Cafferty, John See Beaver Brown Band, The Caffey, Charlotte See Go-Go’s, The Cage, John 8 Caggiano, Rob See Anthrax Cahn, Sammy 11

256 • Cumulative Musicians Index Cain, Jeffrey See Remy Zero Cain, Jonathan See Journey Caine, Uri 31 Caivano, Phil See Monster Magnet Cake 27 Calabrese, John See Danko Jones Calandra, Joe See Monster Magnet Calderon, Mark See Color Me Badd Calderón, Tego 53 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Caldwell, Tommy See Marshall Tucker Band Caldwell, Toy See Marshall Tucker Band Cale, J. J. 16 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The Calexico 33 Calhoun, Will See Living Colour California, Randy See Spirit Calire, Mario See Wallflowers, The Call, John David See Pure Prairie League Callahan, Ken See Jayhawks, The Callahan, Ray See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Callahan, Thad See Jayhawks, The Callas, Maria 11 Calleros, Juan See Maná Callis, Jo See Human League, The Calloway, Cab 6 Calvert, Bernie See Hollies, The Calvert, Bob See Hawkwind Calvert, Robert 30 Camaro, Vivian See Lanternjack, The


Cameron, Matt See Pearl Jam Also see Soundgarden Cameron, Timothy See Silk Camp, Greg See Smash Mouth Campbell, Ali See UB40 Campbell, Eddie See Texas Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Glen See Exploited, The Campbell, Isobel See Belle and Sebastian Campbell, Kerry See War Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Luther 10 Campbell, Martyn See Lightning Seeds Campbell, Mike See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Campbell, Phil See Motörhead Campbell, Robin See UB40 Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23 Campbell, Scott See Paladins, The Campbell, Sterling See Duran Duran Campbell, Tevin 13 Campbell, Vivian See Def Leppard Campeau, Don See Lettermen, The Campi, Ray 44 Cam’ron 39 Can 28 Canada, Cody See Cross Canadian Ragweed Canadian Brass, The 4 Canales, Laura 56 Canavase, Matthias See Les Négresses Vertes Candlebox 32 Canler, Coz See Romantics, The Cann, Warren See Ultravox

Also see Wu-Tang Clan Cappelli, Frank 14 Cappos, Andy See Built to Spill Capps, Bobby See .38 Special Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Caravan 24 Carbonara, Paul See Blondie Carbone, Tim See Railroad Earth Card, Michael 40 Cardew, Cornelius 56 Also see AMM Cardigans 19 Cardwell, Joi 22 Carey, Danny See Tool Carey, Jake See Flamingos, The Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carey, Pat See Baha Men Carey, Ron See Baha Men Carey, Tony See Rainbow Carey, Zeke See Flamingos, The Carl, Barry See Rockapella Carlisi, Jeff See .38 Special Carlisle, Belinda 8 Also see Go-Go’s, The Carlisle, Bob 22 Carlos, Bun E. See Cheap Trick Carlos, Don See Black Uhuru Carlos, Wendy 46 Carlson, Edward See Flotsam and Jetsam Carlson, Paulette See Highway 101 Carlstroem, Vigilante See Hives, The Carlton, Larry 38

Canned Heat 44

Carlton, Vanessa 53

Camel 21

Cantrell, Blu 45

Carman 36

Camel, Abdul Ben See Lane, Fred

Cantrell, Jerry See Alice in Chains

Carmen, Eric See Raspberries

Cameo 60

Cantrell, Laura 57

Cameron, Clayton See Ralph Sharon Quartet

Canty, Brendan See Fugazi

Carmichael, Greg See Acoustic Alchemy

Cameron, Dave “Tito” See Brave Combo

See Carpenters, The Carpenter, Patrick See Cinematic Orchestra Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters, The Carpenter, Stephen See Deftones Carpenters, The 13 Carr, Ben See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Carr, David See Third Day Carr, Eric See Kiss Carr, James 23 Carr, Martin See Boo Radleys, The Carr, Teddy See Ricochet Carr, Vikki 28 Carrabba, Chris See Dashboard Confessional Carrack, Paul See Mike & the Mechanics Also see Squeeze Carreras, José 34 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Carrero, Manny See Saves the Day Carrethers, Harold See Fairfield Four Carrethers, Rufus See Fairfield Four Carrigan, Andy See Mekons, The Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Carroll, David See Blasters, The Carroll, Dina 31 Carroll, Earl “Speedo” See Coasters, The Carroll, Gregory See Orioles, The Carroll, Howard See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Carroll, Jim 46 Carruthers, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees Carruthers, William B. “Willie” See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Cars, The 20 Carson, Adam See AFI Carson, Jason See O.C. Supertones, The Carson, Lori See Golden Palominos

Carmichael, Hoagy 27

Carswell, David See Destroyer

Canty, James See Make-Up, The

Carmichael, Jesse See Maroon 5

Carswell, Eddie See NewSong

Cameron, Duncan See Sawyer Brown

Capaldi, Jim See Traffic

Carnes, Kim 4

Cartaya, Oscar See Spyro Gyra

Cameron, G. C. See Spinners, The

Capleton 40

Carpenter, Bob See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The

Cappadonna 43

Carpenter, Karen

Carter, A. P. See Carter Family, The



Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Cary, Justin See Sixpence None the Richer Casablancas, Julian See Strokes, The Casady, Jack See Jefferson Airplane Casale, Bob See Devo Casale, Gerald V. See Devo Casals, Pablo 9 Case 38 Case, Neko 40 Also see New Pornographers Case, Peter 13 Casella, Teresa See Mediaeval Baebes Casey, Brandon See Jagged Edge Casey, Brian See Jagged Edge Casey, Harry See KC and the Sunshine Band Casey, Karan See Solas Casey, Ken See Dropkick Murphys Cash, Andrew See Cash Brothers Cash, Danny See My Morning Jacket Cash, Fred See Impressions, The Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, Peter See Cash Brothers Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cash Brothers 47 Cashdollar, Cindy See Asleep at the Wheel Cashion, Doc “Bob” See Lane, Fred Casillas, Eddie See Voodoo Glow Skulls Casillas, Frank See Voodoo Glow Skulls Casillas, Jorge See Voodoo Glow Skulls Cassidy 57 Cassidy, Ed See Spirit Cassidy, Eva 35

Cat Power 30 Catallo, Chet See Spyro Gyra Catallo, Chris See Surfin’ Pluto Catallo, Gene See Surfin’ Pluto Catatonia 29 Catching, Dave See Queens of the Stone Age Cates, Ronny See Petra Cathcart, Patti See Tuck & Patti Catherall, Joanne See Human League, The Catherine, Philip 59 Catherine Wheel 18 Catlin, Fritz See 23 Skidoo Cato, Andy See Groove Armada Cattermole, Paul See S Club 7 Caughlan, Jim See Pure Prairie League Caustic Resin 31 Caustic Window See Aphex Twin Cauty, Jimmy See KLF, The Also see Orb, The Cavacas, Chris See Giant Sand Cavalera, Igor See Sepultura Cavalera, Max See Sepultura Also see Soulfly Cavaliere, Felix See Rascals, The Cavallario, Tony See Aloha Cavanaugh, Frank See Filter Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cavoukian, Raffi See Raffi Caws, Matthew See Nada Surf Cazares, Dino See Fear Factory Cease, Jeff See Black Crowes, The Cee-Lo 49 Ceili Rain 34

Carter Family, The 3

Cassidy, Paul See Brodsky Quartet

Cervantes, Hector See ?Casting Crowns

Carter-Harrison, Roberta See Wild Strawberries

Castellano, Torry See Donnas, The

Cervenka, Exene 57 Also see X

Carthy, Eliza 31

Castillo, Emilio See Tower of Power

Cervera, Rod See Rentals, The

Chanticleer 33

Cesare, DJ See Stereo MC’s

Chapin, Harry 6

Caruso, Enrico 10

Castillo, Randy See Mötley Crüe

Carvalho, Beth 60

Casting Crowns 59

Cester, Chris

Chapin, Tom 11

Carter, Aaron 35 Carter, Anita See Carter Family, The Carter, Anna &ldqou;Effie” See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, Betty 6 Carter, Brent See Tower of Power Carter, Carlene 8 Carter, David Parker See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Deana 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Carter, Dorothy See Mediaeval Baebes Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, Ernest See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Helen See Carter Family, The Carter, James 18 Carter, Janette See Carter Family, The Carter, Jimmy See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Carter, Joe See Carter Family, The Carter, Johnnie See Dells, The Carter, Johnny See Flamingos, The Carter, John 34 Carter, June Cash 6 Also see Carter Family, The Carter, Laura See Elf Power Carter, Maybell See Carter Family, The Carter, Nell 7 Carter, Newton See Vigilantes of Love Carter, Nick See Backstreet Boys Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carter, Ron 14 Carter, Rosa Lola See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Roy See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Ruth Ellen See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Sara See Carter Family, The Carter USM 31

Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span

See Jet Cester, Nic See Jet Cetera, Peter See Chicago Chad, Dominic See Mansun Chadbourne, Eugene 30 Chailly, Riccardo 35 Chainsaw Kittens, The 33 Chalfant, David See Nields, The Chali 2na See Jurassic 5 Chamberlain, Jerry See Daniel Amos Chamberlin, Jimmy See Smashing Pumpkins Chambers, Dennis See Niacin Chambers, Guy See Waterboys, The Chambers, Jimmy See Mercury Rev Chambers, Kasey 36 Chambers, Martin See Pretenders, The Chambers, Paul 18 Chambers, Terry See XTC Champion, Eric 21 Champion, Will See Coldplay Chan, Spencer See Aqua Velvets Chance, David “Davinch” See Ruff Endz Chance, Slim See Cramps, The Chancellor, Justin See Tool Chandler, Chas See Animals, The Chandler, Erik See Bowling for Soup Chandler, Gene 46 Chandler, Knox See Golden Palominos Chandler, Tim See Daniel Amos Chandra, Sheila 16 Chandrasonic See Asian Dub Foundation Chaney, Jimmy See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Chang, Han-Na 33 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Channing, Carol 6 Chant, Tom See Cinematic Orchestra Chao, Manu 41 Chapin, Jen 49

258 • Cumulative Musicians Index See Screeching Weasel Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Cheney, Chris See Living End, The Cheng, Chi See Deftones Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher Cherise, Cyd See Lane, Fred Cherish the Ladies 38 Cherone, Gary See Extreme Also see Van Halen Cherry, Don 10 Also see Codona Cherry, Neneh 4 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Chesnutt, Mark 13 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Chess, Leonard 24 Chesterman, Ron See Strawbs Chesters, Eds D. See Bluetones, The Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Cheung, Jacky 33 Chevalier, Dave See O.C. Supertones, The Chevalier, Maurice 6 Chevelle 44 Chevron, Phillip See Pogues, The Chew, Chris See North Mississippi Allstars Chia, Enrique 54 Chic 39 Chicago 3 Chicks on Speed 47 Chief Xcel See Blackalicious Chieftains, The 36 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chiffons, The 43 Child, Desmond 30 Childish, Billy 28 Childress, Ross See Collective Soul


Cheap Trick 12

Childress Saxton, Shirley See Sweet Honey in the Rock

Chimes, Terry See Clash, The Chin See Quickspace Chin, Tony See Big Mountain Chingy 53 Chipperfield, Sheila See Elastica Chisholm, Melanie See Spice Girls Chopmaster J See Digital Underground Chordettes, The 34 Choy, Nalani See Na Leo Chris See Apples in Stereo Chrisman, Andy See 4Him Chrisman, Paul “Woody Paul” See Riders in the Sky Christ, John See Danzig Christafari 51 Christensen, Lene See Yanni Christian, Charlie 11 Christian Death 28 Christianson, John See Reel Big Fish Christie, William 56 Christina, Fran See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Also see Roomful of Blues Christo, Guy-Manuel de Homem See Daft Punk Chuck D See Public Enemy Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Chud, Dr. See Misfits, The Chud See Mudvayne Chumbawamba 21 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Chung, Mark See Einstürzende Neubauten Church, Charlotte 28 Church, Kevin See Country Gentlemen, The Church, The 14 Churchill, Bill See Tower of Power Churilla, Scott See Reverend Horton Heat Ciani, Suzanne 50 Ciara 61

Cheatam, Aldolphus “Doc” See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers

Childs, Euros See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci

Ciaran, Clan See Super Furry Animals

Checker, Chubby 7

Childs, Megan See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci

Cibelle 59 Cibo Matto 28

Clark, Jackie See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The

Childs, Toni 2

Ciccone, Don See Four Seasons, The

Clark, Keith See Circle Jerks, The

Ciccotelli, Lou See Laika

Clark, Mike See Suicidal Tendencies

Chapin Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chaplin, Nick See Slowdive Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Billy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Chapman, Dave See Blue Aeroplanes, The Chapman, Gary 33 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chapman, Tony See Rolling Stones, The Chapman, Tracy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chappell, Ray See Savoy Brown Chaquico, Craig 23 Also see Jefferson Starship Charig, Marc See Brotherhood of Breath Also see Soft Machine Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13 Charlatans, The 55 Charles, Gerry C. “Baby Gerry” See Full Force Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Charles, Yolanda See Aztec Camera Charm Farm 20 Charman, Shaun See Wedding Present, The Charmichael, Chris See Ceili Rain Chase, Brian See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Chasez, Joshua Scott “JC” See ’N Sync Chastain, Paul See Velvet Crush Chater, Eos See Bond Chater, Kerry See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Chatham County Line 55 Chatwood, Stuart See Tea Party Chauncey, Danny See .38 Special Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chayanne 44 Chea, Alvin “Vinnie” See Take 6

Che Colovita, Lemon See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Cheeks, Julius See Soul Stirrers, The Cheese, Steve

Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The

Cieka, Rob See Boo Radleys, The Cincotti, Peter 52 Cinderella 16 Cinelu, Mino See Weather Report Cinematic Orchestra 52 Cipollina, John See Quicksilver Messenger Service Cipriano, Rich See Sick of It All Circle Jerks, The 17 Cissell, Ben See Audio Adrenaline Cissokho, Issa See Orchestra Baobab Citizen King 27 Clancy, Aoife See Cherish the Ladies Clancy, Bobby See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Dónal See Solas Clancy, Finbarr See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Liam See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Patrick “Paddy” See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Tom See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The 39 Clannad 23 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Claridge, Eric See Sea and Cake, The Clarion Fracture Zone 45 Clark, Alan See Dire Straits Clark, Anne 32 Clark, Dave See Dave Clark Five, The Clark, Dave See Rheostatics Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Clark, Gene 51 Also see Byrds, The Clark, Graham See Gong Clark, Guy 17

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Cliburn, Van 13 Cliff, Jimmy 8 Clifford, Douglas Ray See Creedence Clearwater Revival Cline, Nels See Geraldine Fibbers Cline, Patsy 5 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Clivilles, Robert See C + C Music Factory Clooney, Rosemary 9 Close, Bill See Dropkick Murphys


Clem Snide 35

Cocking, William “Willigan” See Mystic Revealers

See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Coe, Charlie See Paul Revere & The Raiders Coe, David Allan 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Coffey, Cath See Stereo MC’s Coffey, Don, Jr. See Superdrag See Butthole Surfers Coffey, Jeff Coffie, Calton See Inner Circle Coghill, Jon See Powderfinger Coghlan, John See Status Quo Coheed and Cambria 58 Cohen, Avishai 42 Cohen, Chris See Deerhoof Cohen, David See Country Joe and the Fish Cohen, Jeremy See Turtle Island String Quartet Cohen, Leonard 52 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Cohen, Lyor 29 Cohen, Porky See Roomful of Blues Cohn, Gretta See Faint, The Cohn, Marc 43 Coke, Alex See Willem Breuker Kollektief Colaiuta, Vinnie 23 Colbert, Laurence “Loz” See Ride Colbourn, Chris See Buffalo Tom Colburn, Richard See Belle and Sebastian Colby, Nick See Ultimate Fakebook Cold 34 Cold Chisel 34 Coldplay 32 Cole, B.J. See Spiritualized Cole, Brian See Association, The Cole, David See C + C Music Factory

Clement, Jack 57

Coco Tea 36

Cole, Freddy 35

Clements, Vassar 18

Coco the Electronic Monkey Wizard See Man or Astroman?

Cole, Holly 18

Cocteau Twins, The 12

Cole, Lloyd 9

Codarini, Connie See Four Lads, The

Cole, Nat King 3

Clark, Petula 40 Clark, Roy 1 Clark, Steve See Def Leppard Clark, Steve See Paloalto Clark, Steve See VAST Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Clark, Tony See Blessid Union of Souls Clarke, Allan See Hollies, The Clarke, Bernie See Aztec Camera Clarke, “Fast” Eddie See Motörhead Clarke, Junior “Shy-Shy” See Full Force Clarke, Kenny 35 Clarke, Mark See Mountain Clarke, Michael See Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Clarke, Stanley 3 Clarke, Vince See Depeche Mode Also see Erasure Clarke, William See Third World Clark-Sheard, Karen 48 Clarkson, Kelly 53 Clash, The 4 Claveria, Mauricio See La Ley Clayderman, Richard 1 Claypool, Les See Primus Clayton, Adam See U2 Clayton, Sam See Little Feat Clayton-Thomas, David See Blood, Sweat and Tears Clean, Dean See Dead Milkmen Cleave, Simon See Wedding Present, The Cleaves, Jessica See Earth, Wind and Fire Clegg, Johnny 8

Clemons, Clarence 7 Clempson, Dave See Humble Pie Clench, Jim See April Wine Also see Bachman-Turner Overdrive Cleveland, James 1 Clewley, Harry See Lettermen, The

Cloud, Harold See Box Tops, The Cloud, Jeff See Joy Electric Cloud, Jeff See Starflyer 59 Clouser, Charlie See Nine Inch Nails Also see Prong Clovers, The 42 Clutch, Ron See Nappy Roots Coal Chamber 35 Coasters, The 5 Cobain, Garry See Future Sound of London Cobain, Kurt See Nirvana Cobham, Billy See Mahavishnu Orchestra Cobra Verde 28 Cochran, Bobby See Steppenwolf Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochran, James “Dimples” See Spaniels, The Cochran, Nathan See MercyMe Cochrane, Ruth See Blue Aeroplanes, The Cochrane, Tom 23 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cocker, Jarvis See Pulp Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Cole, Jim 54

Codenys, Patrick See Front 242

Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Codling, Neil See Suede

Cole, Nate See Plus One

Codona 44

Cole, Paula 20

Cody, John

Cole, Ralph

See Nylons, The Cole, Rich See Romantics, The Coleman, Helen See Sweet Honey in the Rock Coleman, Jaz See Killing Joke Coleman, Kevin See Smash Mouth Coleman, Michael See Seldom Scene, The Coleman, Ornette 5 Coles, Dennis See Ghostface Killah Coletta, Kim See Jawbox Colin, Charlie See Train Collective Soul 16 Collen, Phil See Def Leppard Colletti, Dominic See Bevis Frond Colley, Dana See Morphine Collie, Mark 15 Colligan, Michael See Flying Luttenbachers, The Collingwood, Chris See Fountains of Wayne Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, Allen See Lynyrd Skynyrd Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Collins, Chris See Dream Theater Collins, Edwyn 47 Collins, Greg See Radio 4 Collins, John 39 Collins, John See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers Collins, John See Powderfinger Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Mark See Charlatans, The Collins, Max See Eve 6 Collins, Mel See Camel Also see King Crimson Collins, Mick See Dirtbombs, The Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Collins, Rob See Charlatans, The Collins, Sandra 41 Collins, William See Collins, Bootsy

260 • Cumulative Musicians Index Collister, Christine 42 Colomby, Bobby See Blood, Sweat and Tears Colon, Willie 37 Color Me Badd 23 Colt, Johnny See Black Crowes, The Colthart, Chris See Papas Fritas Coltrane, Alice 52 Coltrane, John 4 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Colwell, David See Bad Company Coma, Franche See Misfits, The Combs, Gabe See Plus One Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Comeau, Chuck See Simple Plan Comess, Aaron See Spin Doctors Cometbus, Aaron See Screeching Weasel Commander Cody See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30 Commerford, Tim See Audioslave Commodores, The 23 Common 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Como, Perry 14 Comparelli, Phil See 54-40 Compulsion 23 Concrete Blonde 32 Condo, Ray See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Confederate Railroad 23 Congo Norvell 22 Congos, The 58 Conlee, Jenny See Decemberists, The Conley, Chris See Saves the Day Conley, Clint See Mission of Burma Conlon, James 44 Conneff, Kevin See Chieftains, The Connell, Andy See Swing Out Sister Connelly, Chris See KMFDM Also see Pigface

See Screaming Trees Conner, William “Pete” See Swan Silvertones, The Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Conniff, Ray 37 Connolly, Brian See Sweet Connolly, Buddy See Ceili Rain Connolly, Deirdre See Cherish the Ladies Connolly, John See Sevendust Connolly, Nathan See Snow Patrol Connolly, Pat See Surfaris, The Connor, Chris 30 Connor, Michael See Pure Prairie League Connors, Clare See Spiritualized Connors, Marc See Nylons, The Connors, Norman 30 Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56 Conrad, David See Black 47 Conrad, Jeff See Phantom Planet Considine, Craig See Rumba Club Constantines, The 58 Conte, Bruce See Tower of Power Conti, Neil See Prefab Sprout Continental Drifters 39 Convertino, John See Calexico Also see Giant Sand Conway, Billy See Morphine Conway, Dave See My Bloody Valentine Conway, Gerry See Pentangle Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Coogan, Mary See Cherish the Ladies Cook, Carla 57 Cook, David Kyle See Matchbox 20 Cook, Frank See Canned Heat Cook, Greg See Ricochet Cook, Iain See Aereogramme

Conner, Gary Lee See Screaming Trees

Cook, Jeffrey Alan See Alabama

Conner, Van

Cook, Jesse 33

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Cook, Mark See Daniel Amos Cook, Murray See Wiggles, The Cook, Paul See Sex Pistols, The Cook, Steve See Soft Machine Cook, Stuart See Creedence Clearwater Revival Cook, Teddy See Great White Cook, Wayne See Steppenwolf Cooke, Mick See Belle and Sebastian Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cool, Tre See Green Day Cooley, Cason See Normals, The Cooley, Dave See Citizen King Cooley, Mike See Drive-By Truckers Cooley, Spade 53 Cooley, Steve See Dillards, The Coolidge, Rita 40 Coolio 19 Coombes, Gary See Supergrass Coombes, Rod See Strawbs Coomer, Ken See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Coomes, Sam See Quasi Cooney, Rory 6 Coope, Barry See Coope, Boyes & Simpson Coope, Boyes & Simpson 60 Cooper, Alex See Katrina and the Waves Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cooper, Jason See Cure, The Cooper, John See Skillet Cooper, Korey See Skillet Cooper, Martin See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Cooper, Michael See Third World Cooper, Paul See Nylons, The

Coore, Stephen See Third World Cope, Julian 16 Copeland, Andrew See Sister Hazel Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Copley, Al See Roomful of Blues Coppola, Donna See Papas Fritas Corabi, John See Mötley Crüe Corea, Chick 6 Corella, Doug See Verve Pipe, The Corgan, Billy See Smashing Pumpkins Corigliano, John 34 Corina, Sarah See Mekons, The Cornelius 44 Cornelius, Dan See Danko Jones Cornelius, Robert See Poi Dog Pondering Cornell, Chris See Audioslave Cornell, Chris See Soundgarden Cornell, Don 30 Corner, Chris See Sneaker Pimps Cornershop 24 Cornick, Glenn See Jethro Tull Cornish, Gene See Rascals, The Cornwell, Hugh See Stranglers, The Corr, Andrea See Corrs, The Corr, Caroline See Corrs, The Corr, Jim See Corrs, The Corr, Sharon See Corrs, The Corrigan, Brianna See Beautiful South Corrs, The 32 Corso, Terry See Alien Ant Farm Cosgrove, Mike See Alien Ant Farm Cosmic Psychos 60 Cosper, Kina See Brownstone Cossin, David See Bang on a Can All-Stars Costa, Nikka 56

Cooper, Ralph See Air Supply

Costanzo, Marc See Len

Cooper, Shaun See Taking Back Sunday

Costanzo, Sharon See Len

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Coté, Billy See Madder Rose Cotoia, Robert See Beaver Brown Band, The Cotrubas, Ileana 1 Cotta, Justin See VAST Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Cotto, Orlando See Rumba Club Cotton, Caré See Sounds of Blackness Cotton, James 35 Cotton, Jeff “Antennae Jimmy Siemens” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cougar, John(ny) See Mellencamp, John Coughlan, Richard See Caravan Coulter, William 49 Counsell, Judd See Hold Steady, The Counting Crows 18 Country Joe and the Fish 36 Country Gentlemen, The 7 Courtney, Jr., Opal See Spaniels, The Coury, Fred See Cinderella Cousins, Dave See Strawbs Cousteau 41 Coutch, Frank See Blue Mountain Coutts, Duncan See Our Lady Peace Coverdale, David 34 See Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake Covert, Ralph 54 Cowan, Dennis See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Cowan, John See New Grass Revival, The Cowboy Mouth 37 Cowboy Junkies, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cowell, Simon 52 Cows, The 32 Cowsill, Susan See Continental Drifters Cox, Allen See Florida Boys, The Cox, Andy See English Beat, The Also see Fine Young Cannibals Cox, Carl 43 Cox, Evelyn See Cox Family Cox, Mikee See Coal Chamber

Cox, Sidney See Cox Family Cox, Suzanne See Cox Family Cox, Terry See Pentangle Cox, Willard See Cox Family Cox Family 44 Coxhill, Lol 41 Coxon, Ed See Spiritualized Coxon, Graham See Blur Coxon, John See Spiritualized Also see Spring Heel Jack Coy, Steve See Dead or Alive Coyne, Mark See Flaming Lips Coyne, Wayne See Flaming Lips Crabtree, Lee See Fugs, The Crack, Carl See Atari Teenage Riot Cracker 12 Cracknell, Sarah See Saint Etienne Cradle of Filth 37 Cragg, Jonny See Spacehog Crahan, Shawn See Slipknot Craig, Albert See Israel Vibration Craig, Carl 19 Craig, Judy See Chiffons, The Craig, Mikey See Culture Club Craig, Shawn See Phillips, Craig & Dean Crain, S. R. See Soul Stirrers, The Cramps, The 16 Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Crandall, Marty See Shins, The Craney, Mark See Jethro Tull Crash, Darby See Germs, The Crash Test Dummies 14 Crash Vegas 49 Cravens, Rodney Browning See Dishwalla Crawford, Dave Max See Poi Dog Pondering Crawford, Ed See fIREHOSE Crawford, Michael 4 Crawford, Randy 25 Crawford, Steve

Cumulative Musicians Index • 261 See Anointed Crawford-Greathouse, Da’dra See Anointed Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Crazy Town 43 Crea, Tom See Vigilantes of Love Creach, Papa John See Jefferson Starship Creager, Melora See Rasputina Cream 9 Creed 28 Creedence Clearwater Revival 16 Creegan, Andrew See Barenaked Ladies Creegan, Jim See Barenaked Ladies Crème, Lol See 10cc Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crenshaw, Robert See Swan Silvertones, The Crespo, Elvis 36 Crespo, Jimmy See Aerosmith Cressey, Boby See Christafari Cretu, Michael See Enigma Crews, Eli See Beulah Crimble, Thomas See Hawkwind Cripps, Colin See Crash Vegas Cripps, Joe See Brave Combo Crispell, Marilyn 47 Criss, Peter See Kiss Crissinger, Roger See Pearls Before Swine Cristian 40 Crittenden, Melodie See Selah Croce, Jim 3 Crofts, Dash See Seals & Crofts Croker, Glenn See Hackberry Ramblers Cronin, Kevin See REO Speedwagon Cronin, Tim See Monster Magnet Cronk, Chas See Strawbs

Crosby, Jon See VAST Crosby, Paul See Saliva Crosby, Stills, and Nash 24 Cross, Bridget See Velocity Girl Cross, Christopher 60 Cross, Chris See Ultravox Cross, David See King Crimson Cross, Grady See Cross Canadian Ragweed Cross, Mike See Sponge Cross, Tim See Sponge Cross Canadian Ragweed 59 Crosse, Clay 38 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Crover, Dale See Melvins Crow, Sheryl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 12 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Crowley, Martin See Bevis Frond Cruikshank, Gregory See Tuxedomoon Crump, Bruce See Molly Hatchet Crunchy Black See Three 6 Mafia Cruz, Anthony See AZ Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Crystal Method, The 35 Cua, Rick See Ceili Rain Cuccurullo, Warren See Duran Duran Also see Missing Persons Cuddy, Jim See Blue Rodeo Cuevas, Alberto “Beto” See La Ley Cuffee, Ed See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Cugat, Xavier 23 Culbertson, Brian 40 Cullinan, Tom See Quickspace Cullum, Jamie 56

Crook, Richie See Imperials, The

Culos, Chris See O.A.R.

Cropper, Steve 12 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s

Culp, Dennis See Five Iron Frenzy

Crosby, Bing 6

Culp, Jennifer See Kronos Quartet, The

Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash

Cult, The 16 Culture Club 37


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Dairo, I.K. 48 Daisley, Bob See Black Sabbath Also see Rainbow Dalaras, George 40 Dale, Dick 13 Daley, Paul See Leftfield Daley, Richard See Third World Dall, Bobby See Poison Dallin, Sarah See Bananarama Dalton, John See Kinks, The Dalton, Lacy J. 43 Dalton, Nic 31 Also see Lemonheads, The Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The Dameron, Tadd 56 Damiani, Victor See Cake D’Amico, Eben See Saves the Day Dammers, Jerry See Specials, The Damned, The 34 Damon, Zak See Screeching Weasel Damon and Naomi 25 Damone, Vic 33 D’Amour, Paul See Tool Dan the Automator See Handsome Boy Modeling School Danbom, Scott See Slobberbone Dando, Evan See Lemonheads, The Dandy Warhols 22 Danell, Dennis See Social Distortion Danelli, Dino See Rascals, The D’Angelo 20 D’Angelo, Greg See Anthrax

Danielson 59 Danko, Rick See Band, The Danko Jones 61 Danny Boy See House of Pain Danze, William “Billy” See M.O.P. Danzig 7 Danzig, Glenn See Danzig Also see Misfits, The Dap, Bill The Kid See Lane, Fred Dappen, Mike See Faint, The Dara, Olu 46 Darbone, Luderin See Hackberry Ramblers D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 d’Arcy, Deck See Phoenix Darin, Bobby 4 Dark Star 29 Darkness, The 58 D’Arko, Joe See Godsmack Darling, David 34 Darling, Eric See Weavers, The Darlington, Jay See Kula Shaker Darnielle, John See Mountain Goats, The Darriau, Matt See Klezmatics, The Darrow, Chris See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Darvill, Benjamin See Crash Test Dummies Das EFX 14 Dashboard Confessional 44 Daugherty, Jay Dee See Church, The Also see Waterboys, The Daugherty, Jay See Cameo Daugherty, Thom See Elms, The

Danger Mouse 59

Dave, Doggy See Lords of Acid

Currie, Alannah See Thompson Twins

Curry, Pete See Los Straitjackets Curry, Tim 3 Curtis, Barry See Kingsmen, The Curtis, Ben See Tripping Daisy Curtis, Catie 31 Curtis, Chris See Searchers, The Curtis, Ian See Joy Division Curtis, King 17 Curtis, Steve See Hem Curulewski, John See Styx Curve 13 Custance, Mickey See Big Audio Dynamite Cut Chemist See Jurassic 5 Cuthbert, Scott See Everclear Cutler, Chris See Pere Ubu Cutler, Paul See Dream Syndicate Cypress Hill 11 Cyran, T.C. See Hot Club of Cowtown Cyrus, Billy Ray 11 Czukay, Holger See Can D Generation 26 Da Brat 30 D’abaldo, Chris See Saliva Dachert, Peter See Tuxedomoon Dacus, Donnie See Chicago Dacus, Johnny See Osborne Brothers, The Daddy G See Massive Attack Daddy Mack See Kris Kross Daellenbach, Charles See Canadian Brass, The Daese, Tonya See Yanni Daft Punk 33 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dahlberg, Ludwig See (International

Currie, Billy See Ultravox

Dahle, Kurt See New Pornographers

Daniel, Casey See Seven Mary Three

Currie, Cherie See Runaways, The

Dahlgren, Erik See Wannadies, The

Daniel Amos 44

Currie, Justin See Del Amitri

Dahlheimer, Patrick See Live

Currie, Kevin See Supertramp Currie, Steve See T. Rex

Culver, Joe See Bardo Pond Cumming, Graham See Bevis Frond Cummings, Burton See Guess Who Cummings, Danny See Dire Straits Cummings, David See Del Amitri Cummings, George See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Cummings, John See Mogwai Cummings, Mike “Spider One” See Powerman 5000 Cummings, Steve See Dismemberment Plan Cumplido, J. C. See La Ley Cunniff, Jill See Luscious Jackson Cunningham, Abe See Deftones Cunningham, Bill See Box Tops, The Cunningham, Blair See Echo and the Bunnymen Cunningham, Johnny See Nightnoise Also see Silly Wizard Cunningham, Phil See Silly Wizard Cunningham, Ruth See Anonymous 4 Cuomo, Rivers See Weezer Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Curiel, Marcos See P.O.D. Curl, Langston See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Curless, Ann See Exposé Curley, John See Afghan Whigs Curnin, Cy See Fixx, The Curran, Ciaran See Altan Curran, Doug See Lettermen, The

Dangerous, Chris See Hives, The Daniel, Britt See Spoon

Danielian, Barry See Tower of Power

Daulne, Marie See Zap Mama

Dave, Mundell See Monster Magnet Dave Matthews Band 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Dave Clark Five, The 12 Davenport, N’Dea See Brand New Heavies, The

Daniels, Charlie 6

Davey, Dani See Cradle of Filth

Dail, Steven See Project 86

Daniels, Jack See Highway 101

David, Craig 42

Daily-Lafton, Clayton See Normals, The

Daniels, Jerry See Ink Spots

David, John See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show



David, Stuart See Belle and Sebastian Davidowski, Stephen See Dixie Dregs Davidson, Lenny See Dave Clark Five, The Davie, Hutch See Pearls Before Swine Davies, Cliff See Northwoods Improvisers Davies, Dave See Kinks, The Davies, Dennis Russell 24 Davies, DikMik See Hawkwind Davies, Diona See Po’ Girl Davies, Gail 38 Davies, James See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Davies, Keith See Down By Law Davies, Ray 5 Also see Kinks, The Davies, Richard See Supertramp Davies, Saul See James Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Billy, Jr. See Fifth Dimension Davis, Billy 52 Davis, Brad See Fu Manchu Davis, Carl See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Davis, Chris See Six by Seven Davis, Chris See Spiritualized Davis, Clive 14 Davis, Colin 27 Davis, Derek See Guttermouth Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40 Davis, Gregory See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Davis, Guy 53 Davis, James B. See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Davis, Jimmie 53 Davis, Jody See Newsboys, The Davis, John See Folk Implosion, The

Davis, Miles F. See Northwoods Improvisers Davis, Miles 1 Davis, Norman See Wailing Souls Davis, Reverend Gary 18 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4 Davis, Santa See Big Mountain Davis, Skeeter 15 Davis, Spencer See Spencer Davis Group Davis, Steve See Mystic Revealers Davis, Tania See Bond Davis, Verona See Stereo MC’s Davis, Zelma See C + C Music Factory Davison, Wild Bill 34 Davol, Sam See Magnetic Fields, The Dawdy, Cheryl See Chenille Sisters, The Dawn, Sandra See Platters, The Dawson, Ronnie 48 Day, Doris 24 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Days of the New 48 Dayton, Kelli See Sneaker Pimps dB’s, The 37 dc Talk 18 De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Deacon, John See Nields, The Deacon, John See Queen Dead Can Dance 16 Dead Kennedys 29 Dead Milkmen 22 Dead or Alive 50 Dead Prez 54 Deakin, Paul See Mavericks, The Deal, Kelley See Breeders Deal, Kim See Breeders Also see Pixies, The de Albuquerque, Michael See Electric Light Orchestra

Also see X-Ray Spex Dean, Sean See Sadies, The Dearie, Blossom 46 Death Cab for Cutie 49 Death in Vegas 28 Deaton, Ray See IIIrd Tyme Out DeBarge, Chico 53 DeBarge, El 14 De Borg, Jerry See Jesus Jones de Burgh, Chris 22 DeCaro, Dante See Hot Hot Heat Decemberists, The 55 deClouet, Theryl See Galactic de Coster, Jean Paul See 2 Unlimited Dederer, Dave See Presidents of the United States of America, The Dee, Mikkey See Dokken Also see Motörhead Deebank, Maurcie See Felt Deee-lite 9 Deep Forest 18 Deep Purple 11 Deerhoof 50 Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Defever, Warren See His Name Is Alive DeFrance, Hugh See Christafari DeFrancesco, Joey 29 DeFranco, Buddy 31 DeFreitas, Pete See Echo and the Bunnymen Deftones 22 De Gaia, Banco 27 DeGarmo, Chris See Queensryche de Grassi, Alex 6 Deibert, Adam Warren See Aquabats, The Deily, Ben See Lemonheads, The Deitch, Adam See Average White Band

Dean, Billy 19

Del Amitri 18

Davis, John See Superdrag

Dean, Dan See Phillips, Craig & Dean

Del Rubio Triplets 21

DeMone, Gitane See Christian Death

Davis, Jonathan See Korn

Dean, Elton See Soft Machine

Del the Funky Homosapien 30 Also see Gorillaz

Demos, Greg See Guided By Voices

Davis, Linda 21

de la Cruz, Vince See Katrina and the Waves

Dempsey, Michael See Cure, The

Davis, Mac 60

Dean, Ira See Trick Pony

Davis, Michael See MC5, The

Dean, Paul See Loverboy

Delaet, Nathalie See Lords of Acid

Demsey, Travis See Living End, The

de la Garza, Carlos

Dengler, Carlos

DeJohnette, Jack 7 de Jonge, Henk See Willem Breuker Kollektief Dekker, Desmond 57

See Reel Big Fish Delahoussaye, Ryan See Blue October De La Luna, Shai See Lords of Acid de la Parra, Adolfo “Fito” See Canned Heat De La Pena, Jesse See Liquid Soul de la Rocha, Zack See Rage Against the Machine DeLaughter, Tim See Tripping Daisy DeLeo, Dean See Stone Temple Pilots DeLeo, Robert See Stone Temple Pilots Delerium 37 Delgado, Junior 46 Delgados, The 31 Delirious? 33 De Lisle, Paul See Smash Mouth Dells, The 30 Del Mar, Candy See Cramps, The Delonge, Tom See Blink 182 DeLorenzo, Victor See Violent Femmes de los Angeles, Victoria 55 de Lourcqua, Helno Rota See Les Négresses Vertes Delp, Brad See Boston del Real, Emmanuel See Café Tacuba Delson, Brad See Linkin Park Del Tredici, David 35 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Del Vikings, The 35 DeMarcus, Jay See Rascal Flatts De Marris, Caithlin See Rainer Maria Demby, Constance 51 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Demeski, Stanley See Luna De Meyer, Jean-Luc See Front 242 Deming, Michael See Pernice Brothers

264 • Cumulative Musicians Index See Interpol Denison, Duane See Jesus Lizard Deniz, Claire See Strawbs Dennis, Garth See Black Uhuru Dennis, Rudolph “Garth” See Wailing Souls Denny, Martin 44 Denny, Sandy See Fairport Convention Also see Strawbs Denov, Ernie See Liquid Soul Densmore, John See Doors, The Dent, Cedric See Take 6 Dente, Christine See Out of the Grey Dente, Scott See Out of the Grey Denton, Sandy See Salt-N-Pepa d’Enton, Steve See Quickspace Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 De Oliveria, Laudir See Chicago Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Depew, Don See Cobra Verde DePizzo, Jerry See O.A.R. De Poe, Peter See Redbone de Prume, Ivan See White Zombie Derailers, The 37 Derakh, Amir See Orgy de Reeder, Pierre See Rilo Kiley Derhak, Rob See moe. Derosier, Michael See Heart Derringer, Rick See McCoys, The Desaulniers, Stephen See Scud Mountain Boys Desbrow, Audie See Great White Deschamps, Kim See Blue Rodeo Desert Rose Band, The 4


See Simple Plan Destiny’s Child 33 Destri, Jimmy See Blondie Destroyer 51 Detar, Brett See Juliana Theory, The Dettman, John See Swell Dettmar, Del See Hawkwind Deupree, Jerome See Morphine Deurloo, Hermine See Willem Breuker Kollektief Deutrom, Mark See Melvins Deutsch, Stu See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Devevo, Juan See ?Casting Crowns Devevo, Melodee See ?Casting Crowns DeVille, C. C. See Poison Devito, Nick See Four Seasons, The Devito, Tommy See Four Seasons, The Devlin, Adam P. See Bluetones, The Devo 13 DeVore, Darrel See Charlatans, The Devoto, Howard See Buzzcocks, The DeWald, Abby See Ditty Bops, The Dewees, James See Get Up Kids DeWitt, Lew C. See Statler Brothers, The Dexter X See Man or Astroman? Dexy’s Midnight Runners 46 DeYoung, Dennis See Styx de Young, Joyce See Andrews Sisters, The

Di’anno, Paul See Iron Maiden Diaz, Tim See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dick, Bob See Front Range Dick, Coby See Papa Roach Dick, Magic See J. Geils Band Dickaty, Raymond See Spiritualized Dickens, Hazel 35 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickerson, B.B. See War Dickerson, Deke 44 Dickerson, Lance See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Dickinson, Cody See North Mississippi Allstars Dickinson, Luther See North Mississippi Allstars Dickinson, Paul Bruce See Iron Maiden Dickinson, Rob See Catherine Wheel Diddley, Bo 3 Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy”

Diabate, Toumani 57

Dif, René See Aqua

Diagram, Andy See James Diallo, Medoune See Orchestra Baobab

Didier, Daniel See Promise Ring, The Dido 46 Dieckmeyer, Marty See Daniel Amos Dieng, Ndiouga See Orchestra Baobab Dierksen, Uwe See Ensemble Modern Diermaier, Werner See Faust Dietel, Karl See Samples Dieterich, John See Deerhoof Dietrich, Marlene 25

Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Diamond, David 58

Difford, Chris See Squeeze

Diamond, “Dimebag” Darrell See Pantera

di Fiore, Vince See Cake

DeShannon, Jackie 40

Diamond, Jim See Dirtbombs, The


Desjardins, Claude See Nylons, The

Diamond, Mike “Mike D” See Beastie Boys

Digable Planets 15

Desmond, Paul 23

Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Desrosiers, David

Diamond Rio 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Diggle, Steve See Buzzcocks, The Diggs, Robert “RZA” (Prince Rakeem) See Gravediggaz

Also see Wu-Tang Clan Digital Underground 9 Digweed, John 44 Dilated Peoples 50 Dillard, Doug See Dillards, The Dillard, Rodney See Dillards, The Dillards, The 45 Dilling, Steve See IIIrd Tyme Out Dillon, James See Caustic Resin Also see Built to Spill Dillon, Jerome See Nine Inch Nails Dillon, Phyllis 53 Dilworth, Joe See Stereolab DiMambro, “Angry” John See Down By Law DiMant, Leor See House of Pain Di Meola, Al 12 Dimitri from Paris 43 DiMucci, Dion See Dion Dinger, Klaus See Neu! DiNizo, Pat See Smithereens, The Dinning, Dean See Toad the Wet Sprocket Dinosaur Jr. 10 Dio, Ronnie James See Black Sabbath Also see Rainbow Dion 4 Dion, Celine 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Diop, Massamba See Afro Celt Sound System Dire Straits 22 Dirks, Michael See Gwar Dirnt, Mike See Green Day Also see Screeching Weasel Dirty Dozen Brass Band 23 Dirty Three 31 Dirty Vegas 48 Diry, Roland See Ensemble Modern Dishwalla 42 Dismemberment Plan 58 DiSpirito, Jim See Rusted Root DiStefano, Peter See Porno for Pyros Disturbed 42 Dittrich, John See Restless Heart Ditty Bops, The 59 Divine Comedy, The 32 Dixie Chicks 49 Earlier sketch in CM 26



See Dokken Dolby, Monica Mimi See Brownstone Dolby, Thomas 10 Dolenz, Micky See Monkees, The Doling, Mikey See Soulfly Dollimore, Kris See Damned, The Dolmayan, John See System of a Down Dolphy, Eric 36 Dombroski, Vinnie See Sponge Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dominici, Charlie See Dream Theater Domino, Fats 2 Domino, Floyd See Asleep at the Wheel Don, Rasa See Arrested Development Donahue, Chris See Vigilantes of Love Donahue, Jerry See Fairport Convention Donahue, Jonathan See Flaming Lips Also see Mercury Rev Donald, Tony See Simple Minds Donegan, Dan See Disturbed Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donnas, The 33 Donnellan, John See Love Donnelly, Elwood See Atwater-Donnelly Donohue, Terry See Alloy Orchestra Donohue, Tim See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Donovan 9 Donovan, Bazil See Blue Rodeo Donovan, Jeff See Paladins, The Donovan, Jim See Rusted Root Doobie Brothers, The 3

Dorge, Michel (Mitch) See Crash Test Dummies Dorney, Tim See Republica Dorough, Bob See Pearls Before Swine Dorough, Howie See Backstreet Boys Dorrington, Paul See Wedding Present, The Dorsey, Jimmy See Dorsey Brothers, The Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Dorsey, Tommy See Dorsey Brothers, The Dorsey Brothers, The 8 Doss, Bill See Olivia Tremor Control Doth, Anita See 2 Unlimited Dotson, James See Fairfield Four Dott, Gerald See Incredible String Band Double K See People Under The Stairs Doucet, David See Beausoleil Doucet, Michael 8 Also see Beausoleil Doucette, Paul John See Matchbox 20 Dougans, Brian See Future Sound of London Doughty, M. See Soul Coughing Doughty, Mike 60 Doughty, Neal See REO Speedwagon Douglas, Dave 29 Douglas, David See Relient K Douglas, Jerry 52 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Douglas, Paul See Six by Seven Doumbia, Mariam See Amadou & Mariam Dover, Eric See Jellyfish Doves 36 Dowd, Christopher See Fishbone Dowler, Darren See Lettermen, The Dowling, Dave See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack

Doodlebug See Digable Planets

Down By Law 34

Dog’s Eye View 21 Doherty, Billy See Undertones, The

Doom, Lorna See Germs, The Doors, The 4

Downes, Oswald See Wailing Souls

Droge, Pete 24

Doherty, Denny See Mamas and the Papas

Dorame, Mando See Royal Crown Revue

Downey, Brian See Thin Lizzy

Drozd, Stephen See Flaming Lips

Doran, Rob See Alkaline Trio

Downie, Gordon See Tragically Hip, The

Dru Hill 25

Dixie Dregs 36 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Dixon, George W. See Spinners, The Dixon, Jerry See Warrant Dixon, Popsy See Holmes Brothers, The Dixon, Willie 10 Dizzee Rascal 53 DJ A.M. See Crazy Town DJ Bobby B See Kottonmouth Kings DJ Domination See Geto Boys, The DJ Fuse See Digital Underground DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince 5 DJ Krush 60 D.J. Lethal See House of Pain DJ Lethal See Limp Bizkit D.J. Minutemix See P.M. Dawn DJ Muggs See Cypress Hill DJ Paul See Three 6 Mafia DJ Premier See Gang Starr DJ Ready Red See Geto Boys, The DJ Spooky 51 DJ Terminator X See Public Enemy D-Loc See Kottonmouth Kings DMC See Run DMC Dmochowski, Wojtek See Blue Aeroplanes, The DMX 25 D.O.A. 28 Dobson, Lyn See Soft Machine Doc Pomus 14 Dodd, Clement Coxsone 50 Dodd, Peter See Thompson Twins Doe, John See X Dogbowl See King Missile Doggen See Spiritualized

Doiron, Julie 41 Dokken 16 Dokken, Don

Downes, Geoff See Yes

Downing, Big Al 45 Downing, K. K. See Judas Priest Downing, Will 39 Downs, Lila 49 Doyle, Alan See Great Big Sea Doyle, Candida See Pulp Doyle, John See Solas Dozier, Lamont See Holland-Dozier-Holland Dr. Das See Asian Dub Foundation Dr. Demento 23 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show 53 Dr. John 7 Dr. Matt Destruction See Hives, The Dragge, Fletcher See Pennywise Draiman, David See Disturbed Drake, Bobby See Hold Steady, The Drake, Nick 17 Drake, Steven See Odds Draper, Paul See Mansun Drayton, Leslie See Earth, Wind and Fire Dreadful, Garrie See Damned, The Dream Syndicate 53 Dream Theater 23 Dreja, Chris See Yardbirds, The Dres See Black Sheep Drew, Dennis See 10,000 Maniacs Drewery, Corinne See Swing Out Sister Drews, Jonathan See Sunset Valley Drifters, The 38 Driftwood, Jimmy 25 Driscoll, Gary See Rainbow Driscoll, Phil 45 Drive-By Truckers 45 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ 31 D-Roc See Ying Yang Twins Dropkick Murphys 26

Drucker, Eugene



See Emerson String Quartet Drumbago See Skatalites, The Drumdini, Harry See Cramps, The Drummond, Bill See KLF, The Drummond, Don See Skatalites, The Drummond, Tom See Better Than Ezra Dryden, Spencer See Jefferson Airplane Dryden, Tim See Grandaddy Dryer, Debroah See Skunk Anansie D12 57 Dubbe, Berend See Bettie Serveert Dube, Lucky 17 Dubeau, Angèle 47 du Berry, Belle See Paris Combo Dubstar 22 Duce, Adam See Machine Head Duck, Dennis See Dream Syndicate Dudley, Anne See Art of Noise Duenas, Fain See Radio Tarifa Dufay, Rick See Aerosmith Duff, Hilary 52 Duffey, John See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Duffy, Billy See Cult, The Duffy, Keith See Boyzone Duffy, Martin See Primal Scream Dufresne, Mark See Confederate Railroad Duggan, Noel See Clannad Duggan, Paidraig See Clannad Duhon, Edwin See Hackberry Ramblers Duke, John See Pearls Before Swine

Dunbar, Sly See Sly and Robbie Also see Black Uhuru Duncan, Bryan 19 Duncan, Gary See Quicksilver Messenger Service Duncan, John See Exploited, The Duncan, Malcolm “Molly” See Average White Band Duncan, Steve See Desert Rose Band, The Duncan, Stuart See Nashville Bluegrass Band Dunckel, Jean-Benoit See Air Dunham, Nathanel “Brad” See Five Iron Frenzy Dunlap, Slim See Replacements, The Dunlop, Andy See Travis Dunn, Donald “Duck” See Booker T. & the M.G.’s Dunn, Holly 7 Dunn, Larry See Earth, Wind and Fire Dunn, Ronnie Gene See Brooks & Dunn Dunn, Trevor See Mr. Bungle Dunne, Brian See Average White Band Dunning, A.J. See Verve Pipe, The Dunning, Brian See Nightnoise DuPré, Jacqueline 26 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Dupree, Jesse James See Jackyl Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Duque, Alejandro See Aterciopelados Dural, Stanley Jr. See Buckwheat Zydeco Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Durante, Mark See KMFDM Durden, Tommy 53

Dukowski, Chuck See Black Flag

Durrill, Johnny See Ventures, The

Dulfer, Candy 35

Durst, Fred See Limp Bizkit

See Kronos Quartet, The Dutton, Garrett See G. Love Dutton, Lawrence See Emerson String Quartet Duvall, Matthew See eighth blackbird Dvorak, Antonin 25 Dyble, Judy See Fairport Convention Dylan, Bob 58 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Dylan, Jakob See Wallflowers, The Dyrason, Orri Páll See Sigur Rós E., Sheila See Sheila E. E See eels Eacrett, Chris See Our Lady Peace Eagle, Dancing See Supersuckers Eaglen, Jane 36 Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Eaglesmith, Fred 60 Eaglestone, Robin See Cradle of Filth Earl, Roger See Foghat Earl, Roger See Savoy Brown Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlimart 54 Early, Ian See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Earth, Wind and Fire 12 Eartha 44 Easley, Joe See Dismemberment Plan Easton, Elliot See Cars, The Easton, Lynn See Kingsmen, The Easton, Sheena 2 Eazy-E 13 Also see N.W.A. Ebright, Randy See Molotov Echeverri, Andrea See Aterciopelados Echeverria, Rob See Helmet

Durutti Column, The 30

Echo and the Bunnymen 32

Dury, Ian 30

Echobelly 21

Dusick, Ryan See Maroon 5

Echols, John See Love

Dust Brothers 32 Dusty, Slim 39

Ecker, Haylie See Bond

Efrem, Towns See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Dutt, Hank

Eckstine, Billy 1

Egan, Bob

Dulli, Greg See Afghan Whigs Dumont, Tom See No Doubt Dunbar, Aynsley See Jefferson Starship Also see Journey Also see Whitesnake

Duritz, Adam See Counting Crows

Ed, John See Monster Magnet Eddy, Chris See Ceili Rain Eddy, Duane 9 Eden, Sean See Luna Eder, Linda 30 Edge, Graeme See Moody Blues, The Edge, The See U2 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Edmonds, Lu See Damned, The Edmonton, Jerry See Steppenwolf Edmunds, Dave 28 Edson, Richard See Sonic Youth Edward, Scott See Bluetones, The Edwards, Bernard See Chic Edwards, Dennis See Temptations, The Edwards, Edgar See Spinners, The Edwards, Gordon See Kinks, The Also see Pretty Things, The Edwards, Johnny See Foreigner Edwards, John See Spinners, The Edwards, John See Status Quo Edwards, Kathleen 55 Edwards, Leroy “Lion” See Mystic Revealers Edwards, Mark See Aztec Camera Edwards, Michael James See Jesus Jones Edwards, Mike See Electric Light Orchestra Edwards, Nokie See Ventures, The Edwards, Richie See Darkness, The Edwards, Skye See Morcheeba Edwards, Stoney 55 Edwards, Teddy 44 Edwards, Tom See Spiritualized Edwardson, Dave See Neurosis eels 57 Earlier sketch in CM 29 E-40 46

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Wilco Egan, Kian See Westlife Egan, Seamus See Solas Egan, Siobhan See Cherish the Ladies Ehart, Phil See Kansas Ehran See Lords of Acid Eicher, Manfred 38 Eid, Tamer See Emmet Swimming eighth blackbird 57 808 State 31 Einheit See Einstürzende Neubauten Einheit, F.M. See KMFDM Einstürzende Neubauten 13 Einziger, Michael See Incubus Eisenstein, Michael See Letters to Cleo Eisentrager, Thor See Cows, The Eitzel, Mark See American Music Club Ekberg, Ulf See Ace of Base Eklund, Greg See Everclear El Gran Combo 39 El Hefe See NOFX El Amin, Kush See French Kicks Elastica 29 Eldon, Thór See Sugarcubes, The Eldridge, Ben See Seldom Scene, The Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elephant Man 48 Elf Power 30 Elfman, Danny 9 Also see Oingo Boingo El-Hadi, Sulieman See Last Poets

Elliot, Melissa See His Name Is Alive Elliott, Bobby See Hollies, The Elliott, Dennis See Foreigner Elliott, Doug See Odds Elliott, Joe See Def Leppard Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Elliott, Ron See Beau Brummels Ellis, Arti See Pearls Before Swine Ellis, Bobby See Skatalites, The Ellis, Herb 18 Ellis, Ingrid See Sweet Honey in the Rock Ellis, John See Cinematic Orchestra Ellis, John See Stranglers, The Ellis, Keith See Van der Graaf Generator Ellis, Robert See La Bottine Souriante


Ellman, Ben See Galactic

See Underworld Emerson, Jack See Jason & the Scorchers Emerson, Keith See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell 5 Emerson String Quartet 33 Emert, Alan See Brave Combo Emery, James See String Trio of New York Emery, Jill See Hole Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Also see D12 Emmanuel, Tommy 21 Emmerson, Simon See Afro Celt Sound System Emmet Swimming 24 Empire, Alec See Atari Teenage Riot En Vogue 10 Endo, Nic See Atari Teenage Riot Engemann, Bob See Lettermen, The English, Janet See Spiderbait English, Michael 23 English, Richard See Flaming Lips English Beat, The 9 Enigk, Jeremy 61 Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Eno, Brian 49 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Roxy Music

See Eric B. and Rakim Eric B. and Rakim 9 Erickson, Roky 16 Also see 13th Floor Elevators Erikson, Duke See Garbage Erlandson, Eric See Hole Erlandsson, Adrian See Cradle of Filth Erna, Sully See Godsmack Erner, Jeff “The Shark” See Dropkick Murphys Eroica Trio 47 Errico, Greg See Sly & the Family Stone Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Erskine, Peter See Weather Report Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Ertegun, Nesuhi 24 Ertel, Janet See Chordettes, The Erwin, Emily See Dixie Chicks Erwin, Jake See Hot Club of Cowtown Esch, En See KMFDM Also see Pigface Escoriza, Benjamin See Radio Tarifa Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 ESG 45 Eshe, Montsho See Arrested Development Eskelin, Ellery 31 Eskelin, Ian 19

Ellyson, Sally See Hem

Eno, Jim See Spoon

Esler-Smith, Frank See Air Supply

Elmore, Greg See Quicksilver Messenger Service

Enos, Bob See Roomful of Blues

Esperance, Tobin See Papa Roach

Enright, Pat See Nashville Bluegrass Band

Espinoza, Aaron See Earlimart

Ensemble Modern 39

Esquivel, Juan 17

Entwistle, John See Who, The

Estefan, Gloria 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Clannad

Esthero 58

Ellis, Rob See Swell Ellis, Terry See En Vogue Ellis, Warren See Dirty Three Ellison, Rahsaan See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir

Elms, The 44 ELO See Electric Light Orchestra Elswit, Rik See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show

Elias, Eliane 50

Ely, Jack See Kingsmen, The

Elias, Hanin See Atari Teenage Riot

Ely, Joe 52 Also see Flatlanders, The

Elias, Manny See Tears for Fears

Ely, John See Asleep at the Wheel

Eppard, Josh See Coheed and Cambria

Ellefson, Dave See Megadeth

Ely, Vince See Cure, The Also see Psychedelic Furs

Epstein, Howie See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

Elzhi See Slum Village

Erasure 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Emerson, Bill See Country Gentlemen, The

Erchick, Peter See Olivia Tremor Control

Emerson, Darren

Eric B.

Elling, Kurt 31 Ellington, Duke 2 Elliot, Cass 5 Also see Mamas and the Papas Elliot, Ira See Nada Surf

Eoin, Marcus See Boards of Canada EPMD 10

Estes, Sleepy John 25 Estms, Shep See Lane, Fred Estrada, Erik-Michael See O-Town Estrada, Roy See Little Feat Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Estrin, Dan See Hoobastank Etheridge, John See Soft Machine Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4

268 • Cumulative Musicians Index Ethridge, Chris See Flying Burrito Brothers Eubanks, Jerry See Marshall Tucker Band Eubanks, Kevin 35 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evan, John See Jethro Tull Evan and Jaron 38 Evanescence 53 Evans, Alan See Soulive Evans, Anne 46 Evans, Audrey See Mediaeval Baebes Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Bill See Beulah Evans, Dick “Dik” See U2 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Evans, Garth See Paragons, The Evans, Gil 17 Evans, Guy See Van der Graaf Generator Evans, John See Box Tops, The Evans, Lynn See Chordettes, The Evans, Mark See AC/DC Evans, Neal See Soulive Evans, Nick See Brotherhood of Breath Also see Soft Machine Evans, Sandy See Clarion Fracture Zone Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Evans, Shane See Collective Soul Evans, Tom See Badfinger Eve 34 Eve 6 31 Evelyn, George See Nightmares on Wax Evenson, Chris See Sense Field Everclear 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Everett, Betty 47 Everlast 27 Also see House of Pain

Earlier sketch in CM 15 Evidence See Dilated Peoples Evora, Cesaria 19 Ewen, Alvin See Steel Pulse Ewolf See Dirtbombs, The Ex, The 28 Exkano, Paul See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Exploited, The 60 Exposé 4 Extreme 10 Ezell, Ralph See Shenandoah Fabian 5 Fabian, Lara 34 Fabolous 47 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Face to Face 50 Faces, The 22 Fadden, Jimmie See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Fafara, Dez See Coal Chamber Fagen, Donald See Steely Dan Fagenson, Tony See Eve 6 Fahey, Brian See Paladins, The Fahey, John 17 Fahey, Siobhan See Bananarama Faint, The 53 Fairchild, Jim See Grandaddy Fairchild, Karen See Little Big Town Fairfield Four 49 Fairfoull, Bob See Idlewild Fairport Convention 22 Fairs, Jim See Pearls Before Swine Faith, Percy 43 Faith No More 7 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Faithless 37 Fakir, Abdul “Duke” See Four Tops, The Falconer, Earl See UB40 Falkner, Jason 57 Also see Jellyfish Fall, The 12

Everly, Don See Everly Brothers, The

Fall Out Boy 57

Everly, Phil See Everly Brothers, The

Fältskog, Agnetha See Abba

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Fame, Lil’ See M.O.P. Fancey, Todd See New Pornographers Fankhauser, Merrell 24 Fanning, Bernard See Powderfinger Farina, Geoff See Karate Farley, J. J. See Soul Stirrers, The Farlow, Billy C. See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Farndon, Pete See Pretenders, The Farner, Mark See Grand Funk Railroad Farnham, John 32 Farnsworth, Ed See Bardo Pond Farr, Karl Marx See Sons of the Pioneers Farr, Thomas Hubert See Sons of the Pioneers Farrar, Don See Four Lads, The Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Farrar, Jimmy See Molly Hatchet Farrar, John See Shadows, The Farrar, Sam See Phantom Planet Farrell, Darren See Linkin Park Farrell, Frank See Supertramp Farrell, James See Flamin’ Groovies

Farris, Dionne See Arrested Development

See NOFX Fatboy Slim 22 Fat Boys, The 47 Fateman, Johanna See Le Tigre Fatone, Joey See ’N Sync Fats, Hollywood See Blasters, The Fatt, Jeff See Wiggles, The Faulkner, Andy See Saints, The Faulkner, Dave See Hoodoo Gurus Faussart, Celia See Les Nubians Faussart, Helene See Les Nubians Faust 32 Fay, Bob See Sebadoh Fay, Johnny See Tragically Hip, The Fay, Martin See Chieftains, The Fayad, Frank See Love Faydoe Deelay See Crazy Town Fear Factory 27 Fearless, Richard See Death in Vegas Fearnley, James See Pogues, The Feathers, Charlie 40 Feedback, Captain See Rube Waddell Feehily, Mark See Westlife Fehlmann, Thomas See Orb, The Fehn, Chris See Slipknot Feigelson, Yosif 35 Feinstein, Michael 6 Feist 55 Fela See Kuti, Fela Felber, Dean See Hootie and the Blowfish

Farris, Tim See Israel Vibration

Felder, Don See Eagles, The

Farriss, Andrew See INXS

Feldman, Eric Drew See Pere Ubu Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Farrell, Perry See Jane’s Addiction Also see Porno for Pyros Farrer, Rob See Divine Comedy, The

Farriss, Jon See INXS Farriss, Tim See INXS Fassie, Brenda 50 Fast See Fun Lovin’ Criminals

Feldman, Morton 42 Feldmann, John See Goldfinger Feliciano, José 10

Fastbacks, The 29

Felix, Frank See Acoustic Alchemy

Fambrough, Henry See Spinners, The

Fastball 32

Felix da Housecat 44

Fat Joe 42

Fell, Simon H. 32

Fame, Georgie

Fat Mike

Felt 32

Everly Brothers, The 2

Falzone, Chuck See Flying Luttenbachers, The

Everman, Jason See Soundgarden Everything But The Girl 40

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Felumlee, Mike See Alkaline Trio Fender, Freddy See Texas Tornados, The Fender, Leo 10 Fenech, P. See Los Lonely Boys Fenn, Rick See 10cc Fennell, Kevin See Guided By Voices Fennelle, Tony See Ultravox Fennelly, Gere See Redd Kross Fent-Lister, Johnny See Lane, Fred Fenwick, Ray See Spencer Davis Group Ferbee, Willie See Drifters, The Ferguson, Doug See Camel Ferguson, Eliot See Gogol Bordello Ferguson, Jay See Sloan Ferguson, Jay See Spirit Ferguson, Keith See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Ferguson, Maynard 7 Ferguson, Mike See Charlatans, The Ferguson, Neil See Chumbawamba Ferguson, Stacey “Fergie” See Black Eyed Peas Ferguson, Steve See Imperials, The Ferguson, Steve See NRBQ Fernandes, John See Olivia Tremor Control Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Julio See Spyro Gyra Fernández, Pedro 49 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferrante, Russell See Yellowjackets Ferreira, Hugo See Tantric Ferreira, Justin See Reel Big Fish Ferrell, Rachelle 17 Ferrer, Frank See Love Spit Love

Fher See Maná Ficca, Billy See Television Fiedler, Arthur 6 Fiedler, Joshua See Juliana Theory, The Fiedler, Margaret See Laika Fieger, Doug See Knack, The Field, Anthony See Wiggles, The Fielder, Jim See Blood, Sweat and Tears Fields, Brandon See Rippingtons Fields, Johnny See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Fieldy See Korn Fier, Anton See Golden Palominos Also see Pere Ubu Fifth Dimension 36 50 Cent 55 Filan, Shane See Westlife Filice, Dave See Great White Filter 28 Finch, Adrian See Elf Power Finch, Carl See Brave Combo Finch, Jennifer See L7 Finch, Richard See KC and the Sunshine Band Finck, Robin See Nine Inch Nails Finckel, David See Emerson String Quartet Findlay, Tom See Groove Armada Findley, Marie See Mediaeval Baebes Fine, Vivian 42 Fine Young Cannibals 22 Finer, Jem See Pogues, The Finestone, Peter See Bad Religion Fink, Jr., Rat See Alien Sex Fiend Finn, Craig See Hold Steady, The

Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab

Finn, Jason See Presidents of the United States of America, The

Ferrone, Steve See Average White Band

Finn, Micky See T. Rex

Ferry, Adam See O.C. Supertones, The

Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House

Ferry, Bryan 1 Also see Roxy Music

Finn, Tim See Crowded House

Cumulative Musicians Index • 269 fIREHOSE 11 Fischer, Kyle See Rainer Maria Fischer, Matt See Minty Fischer, Warren See Screeching Weasel Fish, Ginger See Marilyn Manson Fish, Pat See Jazz Butcher, The Fishbone 7 Fisher, Brandon See Superdrag Fisher, Eddie 12 Fisher, Jerry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Fisher, John “Norwood” See Fishbone Fisher, Morgan See Mott the Hoople Fisher, Phillip “Fish” See Fishbone Fisher, Roger See Heart Fishman, Jon See Phish Fisk, Rob See Deerhoof Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Fitzgerald, Kevin See Geraldine Fibbers Fitzpatrick, John See Nightnoise Five Blind Boys of Alabama 12 Five for Fighting 36 Five Iron Frenzy 26 5 Browns, The 59 5,6,7,8’s, The 56 54-40 37 Fixsen, Guy See Laika Fixx, The 33 Flack, Roberta 5 Flakus, Walter See Stabbing Westward Flamin’ Groovies 42 Flaming Lips 48 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Flamingos, The 36 Flanagan, Tommy 16 Flanagin, Craig See God Is My Co-Pilot Flannery, Sean See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Flansburgh, John See They Might Be Giants Flash, Flying Johnny See Lanternjack, The

Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Fleetwood, Mick See Fleetwood Mac Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Fleischmann, Robert See Journey Fleisig, Alexis See Girls Against Boys Fleming, Renee 24 Flemion, Dennis See Frogs, The Also see Smashing Pumpkins Flemion, Jimmy See Frogs, The Flemons, Wade See Earth, Wind and Fire Flesch, Greg See Daniel Amos Flesh-N-Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Fletcher, Andy See Depeche Mode Fletcher, Guy See Dire Straits Flint, Keith See Prodigy Floetry 49 Flores, Rosie 50 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Florida Boys, The 42 Flotsam and Jetsam 54 Flower, James See Six by Seven Flowers, Brandon See Killers, The Flowers, Luke See Cinematic Orchestra Floyd, Heather See Point of Grace Fluoride, Klaus See Dead Kennedys

Flatlanders, The 43

Fogerty, Thomas See Creedence Clearwater Revival

Flatt, Lester 3 Flavor Flav See Public Enemy

Flür, Wolfgang See James Gang Also see Kraftwerk Flying Burrito Brothers 44 Flying Saucer Attack 29 Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Flynn, Pat See New Grass Revival, The Flynn, Robert See Machine Head Fogelberg, Dan 4 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Also see Creedence Clearwater Revival

Foghat 45

Flea See Red Hot Chili Peppers


Fleck, Béla 47

Foley

270 • Cumulative Musicians Index See Arrested Development Folk Implosion, The 28 Followill, Caleb See Kings of Leon Followill, Jared See Kings of Leon Followill, Matthew See Kings of Leon Followill, Nathan See Kings of Leon Fonseca, Celso 47 Fontamillas, Jerome See Switchfoot Fontana, Carl 47 Foo, Sharin See Raveonettes, The Foo Fighters 58 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Foote, Dick See Lane, Fred Forbes, Derek See Simple Minds Forbes, Graham See Incredible String Band Ford, Frankie See Pretty Things, The Ford, Frazey See Be Good Tanyas Ford, John See Strawbs Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Ford, Marc See Black Crowes, The Ford, Maya See Donnas, The Ford, Mike See Moxy Früvous Ford, Penny See Soul II Soul Ford, Robben 54 Ford, Robert “Peg” See Golden Gate Quartet Ford, T-Model 41 Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3 Forde, Brinsley “Dan” See Aswad Fordham, Julia 15 Foreigner 21 Foreman, Chris See Madness Foreman, Jonathan See Switchfoot Foreman, Tim See Switchfoot Forgarino, Sam See Interpol Forrester, A.C. See Of Montreal Forrester, Alan See Mojave 3 Forsi, Ken See Surfaris, The Forster, Ariane See Slits, The Forster, Robert

See Go-Betweens, The Forte, Juan See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Fortune, J.D. See INXS Fortune, Jimmy See Statler Brothers, The Fortus, Richard See Love Spit Love Fossen, Steve See Heart Foss-Rose, Rayna See Coal Chamber Foster, Ben See Screeching Weasel Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Foster, Malcolm See Pretenders, The Foster, Murry See Moxy Früvous Foster, Paul See Soul Stirrers, The Foster, Radney 16 Foster, Willie 36 Fountain, Clarence See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Fountain, Pete 7 Fountains of Wayne 53 Earlier sketch in CM 26 4Him 23 Four Lads, The 41 Four Seasons, The 24 Four Tops, The 11 Fowler, Bruce “Fossil Fowler” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Fowler, Buren See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Fowlkes, Jeff See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Fox, Jackie See Runaways, The Fox, Jim See James Gang

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Frampton, Peter 3 Also see Humble Pie France, Phil See Cinematic Orchestra Francis, Barrington See Saints, The Francis, Billy See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Francis, Black See Black, Frank Also see Pixies, The Francis, Connie 10 Francis, David “Panama” 37 Francis, Michael See Asleep at the Wheel Franco 39 Francolini, Dave See Dark Star Franey, Ian See 54-40 Franke, Chris See Tangerine Dream Frankenstein, Jeff See Newsboys, The Frankie Goes to Hollywood 31 Frankie J. 58 Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers 24 Franklin, Adam See Swervedriver Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Franklin, Elmo See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Franklin, Farrah See Destiny’s Child Franklin, Kirk 22 Franklin, Larry See Asleep at the Wheel Franklin, Melvin See Temptations, The Franti, Michael 16 Also see Spearhead Frantz, Chris See Gorillaz Also see Talking Heads

Frederiksen, Lars See Rancid Fredriksson, Marie See Roxette Free 44 Freed, Alan 36 Freed, Audley See Black Crowes, The Freel, David See Swell Freeman, Aaron See Ween Freeman, Chico 49 Freeman, Isaac See Fairfield Four Freeman, Matt See Rancid Freeman, Russ See Rippingtons Freeman, Von 48 Freese, Josh See Perfect Circle, A Also see Suicidal Tendencies Frehley, Ace See Kiss Freiberg, David See Jefferson Starship Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Freire, Jose See Bacilos Fremerman, Elana See Hot Club of Cowtown French, Frank See Cake French, John “Drumbo” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band French, Mark See Blue Rodeo French Kicks 60 Frenett, John See Laika Frenette, Matthew See Loverboy Freni, Mirella 14

Franz Ferdinand 58

Frescone, Todd See Relient K

Fraser, Andy See Free

Fresh, Mannie See Big Tymers, The

Fraser, Elizabeth See Cocteau Twins, The

Freshwater, John See Alien Sex Fiend

Fox, Samantha 3

Frater, Shaun See Fairport Convention

Frey, Chris See Destroyer

Foxton, Bruce See Jam, The

Frazier, Keith “Bass Drum Shorty” See Rebirth Brass Band

Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The

Foxwell Baker, Iain Richard See Jesus Jones

Frazier, Philip See Rebirth Brass Band

Fricke, Janie 33

Foxx, John 56 Also see Ultravox

Frazier, Stan See Sugar Ray

Foxx, Leigh See Blondie

Frechette, Denis See La Bottine Souriante

Fraiture, Nikolai See Strokes, The

Frechette, Jean See La Bottine Souriante

Friedman, Marty See Megadeth

Frame, Roddy See Aztec Camera

Frederic, Dreux “Li’l Fizz” See B2K

Friel, Tony See Fall, The

Fox, Ken See Jason & the Scorchers Fox, Lucas See Motörhead Fox, Oz See Stryper

Fricker, Sylvia See Ian and Sylvia Fridmann, Dave See Mercury Rev Friedman, Kinky 35

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Friend, Eric See Spoon Friesen, David 41 Fripp, Robert 9 Also see King Crimson Frischmann, Justine Elinor See Elastica Also see Suede Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Frith, Fred 19 Also see Golden Palominos Fritzsche, Chris See Chanticleer Frizzell, Lefty 10 Frobusch, Nichole See Mediaeval Baebes Froese, Edgar See Tangerine Dream Froggatt, Thomas See VAST Frogs, The 31 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Front Line Assembly 20 Front Range 43 Front 242 19 Froom, Mitchell 15 Frost, Craig See Grand Funk Railroad Frost, Edith 40 Frugone, Pedro “Archi” See La Ley Fruitbat See Carter USM Frusciante, John 56 Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers Fu Manchu 22 Fudesco, Derek See Murder City Devils Fuel 27 Fuentes, Tito See Molotov Fugazi 13 Fugees, The 17 Fugs, The 35 Fujiyama, Sashiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Fujiyama, Yoshiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Fulber, Rhys See Delerium Also see Front Line Assembly Full Force 36 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fuller, Craig See Little Feat Fuller, Craig See Pure Prairie League Fuller, Jim See Surfaris, The Fulson, Lowell 20

See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Funches, Johnny See Dells, The Funk, Chris See Decemberists, The Funk Brothers 42 Fuqua, Charlie See Ink Spots Fuqua, Harvey See Moonglows, The Furay, Richie See Buffalo Springfield Furey, Eddie See Fureys, The Furey, Finbar See Fureys, The Furey, George See Fureys, The Furey, Paul See Fureys, The Fureys, The 41 Furler, Peter See Newsboys, The Furlong, Eric See Sunset Valley Furr, John See Treadmill Trackstar Furstenfeld, Jeremy See Blue October Furstenfeld, Justin See Blue October Furtado, Nelly 47 Furuholmen, Magne See A-ha Futter, Brian See Catherine Wheel Future Sound of London 41 Fuzz See Disturbed G. Love 24 Gabay, Yuval See Soul Coughing Gabler, Milton 25 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaby See Les Négresses Vertes

Cumulative Musicians Index • 271 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Garcia, Kevin See Grandaddy Garcia, Leddie See Poi Dog Pondering Garcia, Teca See Tijuana No! Gardel, Carlos 57 Gardener, Mark See Ride Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gardner, Adam See Guster Gardner, Carl See Coasters, The Gardner, Suzi See L7 Gare, Lou See AMM Garfat, Jance See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Garfunkel, Art 4 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Gargiulo, Lulu See Fastbacks, The Garibaldi, Dave See Tower of Power Garland, Judy 6 Garner, Erroll 25 Garner, Josh See Florida Boys, The

Gaffney, Eric See Sebadoh

Gaines, Timothy See Stryper Gainey, Ted See Blue Mountain Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Gaither, Bill 53 Also see Gaither Vocal Band Gaither, Tommy See Orioles, The Gaither Vocal Band 38 Galactic 44 Galás, Diamanda 16 Galaxie 500 33 Gale, Melvyn See Electric Light Orchestra Galea, Darren See Jamiroquai Galimir, Felix 36 Galindo, Dan See 13th Floor Elevators Gallagher, Liam See Oasis Gallagher, Noel See Oasis Galliano, Richard 58 Galloway, Ruth See Mediaeval Baebes Gallucci, Dann See Murder City Devils Gallucci, Don See Kingsmen, The Gallup, Simon See Cure, The Galore, Lady See Lords of Acid Galvin, John See Molly Hatchet Galway, James 3 Gambill, Roger See Kingston Trio, The Gamble, Cheryl “Coko” See SWV Gamboa, Steve See Make-Up, The Gane, Tim See Stereolab Gang of Four 8 Gang Starr 13 Gangsta Boo See Three 6 Mafia Gannon, Craig See Aztec Camera Gano, Gordon See Violent Femmes Ganser, Marge See Shangri-Las, The Ganser, Mary Ann See Shangri-Las, The

Gagliardi, Ed See Foreigner

Ganucheau, Ray See Continental Drifters

Garvey, Chuck See moe.

Gahan, Dave See Depeche Mode

Gap Band, The 42

Garvey, Steve See Buzzcocks, The

Gacy, Madonna Wayne See Marilyn Manson Gadler, Frank See NRBQ Gaelic Storm 52

Garnes, Sherman See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Garnier, Laurent 29 Garone, Gerard See Radio 4 Garrard, Stuart See Delirious? Garrett, Amos See Pearls Before Swine Garrett, Kenny 28 Garrett, Megan See ?Casting Crowns Garrett, Nick See Amici Forever Garrett, Peter See Midnight Oil Garrett, Scott See Cult, The Garrison, Chuck See Superchunk Garside, Melanie See Mediaeval Baebes Garth, Al See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The

Fulton, Willie See Tower of Power

Gaillard, Slim 31

Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Gaines, Jeffrey 34

Garbarek, Jan 30

Gary, Bruce See Knack, The

Fun Lovin’ Criminals 20

Gaines, Steve See Lynyrd Skynyrd

Garcia, Dean See Curve

Gary Puckett and the Union Gap 45

Funahara, O. Chosei

272 • Cumulative Musicians Index Garza, Henry See Los Lonely Boys Garza, JoJo See Los Lonely Boys Garza, Rob See Thievery Corporation Garza, Jr., Ringo See Los Lonely Boys Gaskill, Jerry See King’s X Gaston, Asa See Lane, Fred Gately, Stephen See Boyzone Gates, David See Bread Gates, Jimmy Jr. See Silk Gatton, Danny 16 Gaudio, Bob See Four Seasons, The Gaudreau, Jimmy See Country Gentlemen, The Gaugh, Bud See Long Beach Dub All Stars Gaugh, IV, “Bud” Floyd See Sublime Gauthier, Mary 54 Gavurin, David See Sundays, The Gay, Marc See Shai Gayden, Mac See Pearls Before Swine Gaye, Angus “Drummie Zeb” See Aswad Gaye, Marvin 4 Gayle, Charles 35 Gayle, Crystal 1 Gaylor, Chris See All-American Rejects, The Gaynor, Adam See Matchbox 20 Gaynor, Gloria 36 Gaynor, Mel See Simple Minds Gayol, Rafael “Danny” See BoDeans Geary, Paul See Extreme Geddes, Chris See Belle and Sebastian Gedge, David See Wedding Present, The Gee, Rosko See Can Also see Traffic Geffen, David 8

Genensky, Marsha See Anonymous 4 Genesis 4 Gengler, Matthew See Aloha Genn, Dave See Matthew Good Band Gentling, Matt See Archers of Loaf Gentry, Bobbie 46 Gentry, Teddy Wayne See Alabama Gentry, Troy See Montgomery Gentry Genzale, John See New York Dolls, The George, Boy See Culture Club George, Brian “B-Fine” See Full Force George, Jr., Lucien “Bow-Legged Lou” See Full Force George, Lowell See Little Feat George, Paul Anthony See Full Force George, Rocky See Suicidal Tendencies George, Stephen See Swervedriver Georges, Bernard See Throwing Muses Georgiev, Ivan See Tuxedomoon Geraldine Fibbers 21 Gerber, Scott See Giant Sand Gergiev, Valery 58 Gerhard-Garcıá, Alexandra 41 Germano, Lisa 18 Germs, The 54 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Also see Dead Can Dance Gerrard, Vic See Derailers, The Gershman, Benj See O.A.R. Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gessle, Per See Roxette Get Up Kids 41

Geils, J. See J. Geils Band

Ghostface Killah 33 Also see Wu-Tang Clan

Gelb, Howe See Giant Sand

Giallombardo, Phil See James Gang

Geldof, Bob 9

Giammalvo, Chris See Madder Rose

Gendel, Keith See Papas Fritas Gene Loves Jezebel 27

Geto Boys, The 11 Getz, Stan 12 Gheorghiu, Angela 38 Ghomeshi, Jian See Moxy Früvous Ghost 24

Gianni, Angelo See Treadmill Trackstar

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Giant Sand 30 Gibb, Barry See Bee Gees, The Gibb, Maurice See Bee Gees, The Gibb, Robin See Bee Gees, The Gibbard, Ben See Death Cab for Cutie Gibbins, Mike See Badfinger Gibbons, Beth See Portishead Gibbons, Billy See ZZ Top Gibbons, Ian See Kinks, The Gibbons, John See Bardo Pond Gibbons, Michael See Bardo Pond Gibbs, Rich See Oingo Boingo Gibbs, Terry 35 Giblin, John See Simple Minds Gibson, Bob 23 Gibson, Debbie See Gibson, Deborah Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gibson, Don 58 Gibson, Wilf See Electric Light Orchestra Gifford, Alex See Propellerheads Also see Electric Light Orchestra Gifford, Katharine See Stereolab Gifford, Peter See Midnight Oil Gift, Roland 3 Also see Fine Young Cannibals Gift of Gab See Blackalicious Giguere, Russ See Association, The Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilbert, Bruce See Wire Gilbert, Chad See New Found Glory Gilbert, Gillian See New Order Gilbert, John See Rebirth Brass Band Gilbert, Michael See Flotsam and Jetsam

See Suede Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Gilberto, João 33 Gilby, Dave See Pursuit of Happiness, The Gilchrist, Chad See His Name Is Alive Giles, Michael See King Crimson Gilkinson, Jeff See Dillards, The Gilkyson, Eliza 58 Gilkyson, Tony See X Gill, Andy See Gang of Four Gill, George See Wire Gill, Janis See Sweethearts of the Rodeo Gill, Johnny 20 Gill, Ped See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Gill, Pete See Motörhead Gill, Todd See Lucero Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Gillan, Ian See Deep Purple Also see Black Sabbath Gillard, Doug See Cobra Verde Gillespie, Bobby See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Also see Primal Scream Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Gillette, Mic See Tower of Power Gilley, Mickey 7 Gillies, Ben See Silverchair Gillingham, Charles See Counting Crows Gillis, Steve See Filter Gilman, Billy 34 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Also see Flatlanders, The Gilmore, Mike See Northwoods Improvisers Gilmore, Skillet See Whiskeytown Gilmore, Thea 48

Gilbert, Nick See Felt

Gilmour, David See Pink Floyd

Gilbert, Nicole Nicci See Brownstone

Gilvear, Marcus See Gene Loves Jezebel

Gilbert, Ronnie See Weavers, The

Gin Blossoms 18

Gilbert, Simon

Ginn, Greg

Gingold, Josef 6

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Black Flag Ginsberg, Allen 26 Ginuwine 34 Gioia See Exposé Giorgini, Mass See Screeching Weasel Gipp, Cameron “Big Gipp” See Goodie Mob Gipson, Barney See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Gipsy Kings, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Giraldo, Andres See Aterciopelados Giraudy, Miquitte See Gong Girls Against Boys 31 Gittleman, Joe See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Glabicki, Michael See Rusted Root Glamorre, Matthew See Minty Glascock, John See Jethro Tull Glaser, Gabby See Luscious Jackson Glass, Daniel See Royal Crown Revue Glass, David See Christian Death Glass, Eddie See Fu Manchu Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Glasser, Jason See Clem Snide Glazer, Tom 48 Glen See Christafari Glenn, Gary See Silk Glenn, J. See My Morning Jacket Glennie, Evelyn 33 Glennie, Jim See James Glitter, Gary 19 Glover, Corey See Living Colour Glover, Leroy See ESG Glover, Roger See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Gnewikow, Jason See Promise Ring, The

Godchaux, Keith See Grateful Dead, The Goddard, Jeff See Karate Goddess, Tony See Papas Fritas Godfrey, Paul See Morcheeba Godfrey, Ross See Morcheeba Godin, Nicolas See Air Godley, Kevin See 10cc Godsmack 30 Goessling, Andy See Railroad Earth Goettel, Dwayne Rudolf See Skinny Puppy Goffey, Danny See Supergrass Goffin, Gerry See Goffin-King Goffin-King 24 Gogerty, Patrick See Charlatans, The Gogin, Toni See Sleater-Kinney Gogol Bordello 59 Go-Go’s, The 24 Goh, Rex See Air Supply Gold, Julie 22 Golden, William Lee See Oak Ridge Boys, The Golden Gate Quartet 25 Golden Palominos 32 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Goldfinger 46 Goldfrapp 59 Goldfrapp, Alison See Goldfrapp Golding, Lynval See Specials, The Goldman, Matt See Blue Man Group Goldsmith, Jerry 40 Goldsmith, William See Foo Fighters Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Goldstein, Jerry See War Goldstein, Scott See His Name Is Alive Golightly, Holly 45 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Golson, Benny 21 Gomez 33

Gobel, Robert See Kool & the Gang

Gomez Caceres, Alejandro See Aterciopelados

Go-Betweens, The 28 Goble, Brian Roy See D.O.A. God Is My Co-Pilot 29 Godchaux, Donna See Grateful Dead, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 273 See Magnetic Fields, The Gonzales, Andrew See Reel Big Fish Gonzales, Dave See Paladins, The Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Good, Dallas See Sadies, The Good, Matthew See Matthew Good Band Good, Nathan See Death Cab for Cutie Good, Travis See Sadies, The Good Charlotte 45 Goode, Kelly See Deerhoof Gooden, Ramone Pee Wee See Digital Underground Gooden, Sam See Impressions, The Goodie Mob 24 Goodman, Benny 4 Goodman, Jerry See Mahavishnu Orchestra Goodman, Marshall See Long Beach Dub All Stars Goodridge, Robin See Bush Goodsight, Andrew See Black 47 Goodwin, Billy See NewSong Goodwin, Jimi See Doves Goodwyn, Myles See April Wine Googe, Debbie See My Bloody Valentine Goo Goo Dolls, The 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Googy, Arthur See Misfits, The Gordon, Dexter 10 Gordon, Dwight See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Gordon, Henry “Raleigh” See Toots and the Maytals Gordon, Jay See Orgy Gordon, Jim See Traffic Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordon, Kim See Sonic Youth Gordon, Mike See Phish Gordon, Nina See Veruca Salt Gordon, Robert 57

See Thin Lizzy Gorillaz 42 Gorka, John 18 Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci 30 Gorman, Christopher See Belly Gorman, Steve See Black Crowes, The Gorman, Thomas See Belly Gorman, Tony See Clarion Fracture Zone Gorrie, Alan See Average White Band Gorter, Arjen See Willem Breuker Kollektief Goshorn, Larry See Pure Prairie League Goshorn, Tim See Pure Prairie League Gosling, John See Kinks, The Gossard, Stone See Brad Also see Pearl Jam Goswell, Rachel See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive Gotobed, Robert See Wire Gott, Larry See James Gottlieb, Lou See Limeliters, The Goudreau, Barry See Boston Gould, Billy See Faith No More Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Goulding, Steve See Gene Loves Jezebel Gouldman, Graham See 10cc Gov’t Mule 35 Gowan, Lawrence See Styx Grable, Steve See Pearls Before Swine Gracey, Chad See Live Gracey, George See Fairfield Four Gradney, Ken See Little Feat Grae, Jean 52 Graffety-Smith, Toby See Jamiroquai

Gomis, Rudy See Orchestra Baobab

Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6

Graham, Bill 10

Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17

Gomm, Ian See Brinsley Schwarz

Gore, Lesley 35

Graham, Ed See Darkness, The

Gong 24

Gore, Martin See Depeche Mode

Graham, Glen See Blind Melon

Gonson, Claudia

Gorham, Scott

Graham, Johnny

Graffin, Greg See Bad Religion



Gray, Eddie See Tommy James and the Shondells

See Tsunami Gray, Macy 32 Gray, Paul See Slipknot Gray, Rocky See Evanescence Gray, Tom See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Gray, Walter See Kronos Quartet Gray, Wardell See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Great Big Sea 45 Great White 44 Greater Vision 26 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Grech, Rick See Traffic Greco, Paul See Chumbawamba Greco, Ron See Flamin’ Groovies Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Benny 17 Green, Carlito “Cee-lo” See Goodie Mob Green, Charles See War Green, Dallas See Alexisonfire Green, David See Air Supply Green, Douglas “Ranger Doug” See Riders in the Sky Green, Gardner Ray See Rebirth Brass Band Green, Grant 14 Green, James See Dru Hill Green, Jeremiah See Modest Mouse Green, Keith 38 Green, Lattimer See Fairfield Four Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Green, Susaye See Supremes, The Green, Urbie 36 Green, Vivian 57 Green, Wendi Foy See Sierra Green, Willie See Neville Brothers, The

Greensmith, Domenic See Reef Greenspoon, Jimmy See Three Dog Night Greentree, Richard See Beta Band, The Greenwald, Alex See Phantom Planet Greenwald, Joe See Dirtbombs, The Greenway, Brian See April Wine Greenwood, Al See Foreigner Greenwood, Colin See Radiohead Greenwood, Gail See Belly Greenwood, Jonny See Radiohead Greenwood, Lee 12 Greer, Jim See Guided By Voices Gregg, Dave See D.O.A. Gregg, Paul See Restless Heart Gregory, Bryan See Cramps, The Gregory, Dave See XTC Gregory, Gerald See Spaniels, The Gregory, Keith See Wedding Present, The Gregory, Troy See Flotsam and Jetsam Also see Prong Gregory, Will See Goldfrapp Greller, Al See Yo La Tengo Grey, Charles Wallace See Aquabats, The Grice, Gary “The Genius” See Wu-Tang Clan Griffin, A.C. “Eddie” See Golden Gate Quartet Griffin, Bob See BoDeans, The Griffin, Dale “Buffin” See Mott the Hoople Griffin, Gus See Paladins, The Griffin, James See Bread

Griffith, Johnny See Funk Brothers Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Griffiths, Donald “Benjamin” See Aswad Griffiths, Marcia 45 Griffiths, Martin See Hawkwind Griffiths, Ryan See Vines, The Grigg, Chris See Treadmill Trackstar Griggs, Andy 40 Grillo, Carmen See Tower of Power Grimaud, Hélène 35 Grisman, David 17 Groban, Josh 47 Grohl, Dave See Foo Fighters Also see Nirvana Grondin, Jack See .38 Special Groove Armada 39 Gross, Julian See Liars Grossman, Rick See Hoodoo Gurus Grotberg, Karen See Jayhawks, The Grothman, Steve See Whiskeytown Groucutt, Kelly See Electric Light Orchestra Grove, George See Kingston Trio, The Grover, Charlie See Sponge Growcott, Andy See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Grubb, Johnny See Railroad Earth Gruber, Andrea 54 Gruber, Craig See Rainbow Grundler, James See Paloalto Grundy, Hugh See Zombies, The Grushka, Ian See New Found Glory Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Guard, Dave See Kingston Trio, The

Gray, Ella See Kronos Quartet

Green Day 40 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Gub See Screeching Weasel

Gray, Ellen See Two Dollar Pistols

Greenall, Rupert See Fixx, The

Griffin, Kevin See Better Than Ezra Also see NRBQ

Gray, F. Gary 19

Greene, Karl Anthony See Herman’s Hermits

Griffin, Mark See MC 900 Ft. Jesus

See Earth, Wind and Fire Graham, Larry See Sly & the Family Stone Graham, Mikey See Boyzone Graham, Susan 40 Gramm, Lou See Foreigner Gramolini, Gary See Beaver Brown Band, The Grand Funk Railroad 36 Grandaddy 43 Grandberry, Omari “Omarion” See B2K Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Granger, Courtney See Balfa Toujours Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Grant, Bob See The Bad Livers Grant, Colyn “Mo” See Baha Men Grant, Derek See Alkaline Trio Grant, Gogi 28 Grant, Lloyd See Metallica Grant, Natalie 53 Grant Lee Buffalo 16 Granz, Norman 37 Grapes of Wrath, The 33 Grappelli, Stephane 10 Grateful Dead, The 5 Gratzer, Alan See REO Speedwagon Graul, Barry See MercyMe Gravatt, Eric See Weather Report Gravediggaz 23 Graves, Alexander See Moonglows, The Graves, Denyce 16 Graves, Josh 48 Graves, Michale See Misfits, The Gray, David 30 Gray, Del See Little Texas Gray, Doug See Marshall Tucker Band

Gray, James See Blue Rodeo Gray, Lara See Luna Gray, Luther

Gubaidulina, Sofia 39

Griffin, Patty 24

Gudmundsdottir, Björk See Björk Also see Sugarcubes, The

Greenfield, Dave See Stranglers, The

Griffin, Rodney See Greater Vision

Güereña, Luis See Tijuana No!

Greenhalgh, Tom See Mekons, The

Griffith, John Thomas See Cowboy Mouth

Guerin, John See Byrds, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Guerrero, Lalo 55 Guess Who 23 Guest, Christopher See Spinal Tap Guetig, K.C. See My Morning Jacket Guettel, Adam 56 Guided By Voices 18 Gun, John See X-Ray Spex Gunderman, Jen See Jayhawks, The Gunn, Nicholas 39 Gunn, Trey See King Crimson Gunning, John Francis See Country Joe and the Fish Guns n’ Roses 2 Gunther, Cornell See Coasters, The Gunther, Ric See Bevis Frond Gurewitz, Brett See Bad Religion Gurtu, Trilok 29 Also see Oregon Guru See Gang Starr Gus Gus 26 Guss, Randy See Toad the Wet Sprocket Gustafson, John See Roxy Music Gustafson, Steve See 10,000 Maniacs Guster 29 Gut, Grudrun See Einstürzende Neubauten Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Guthrie, Robin See Cocteau Twins, The Guthrie, Woody 2 Gutkin, Lisa See Klezmatics, The Guttermouth 39 Guug See Mudvayne Guy, Billy See Coasters, The Guy, Geordie See Killing Joke Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Guyett, Jim See Quicksilver Messenger Service Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Guzman, Ben See Reel Big Fish Gwar 13 Haack, Bruce 37 Habbin, David See Amici Forever Hackberry Ramblers 43


Hacke, Alexander See Einstürzende Neubauten Hackett, Bobby 21 Hackett, Steve See Genesis Hadden, Martin See Silly Wizard Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Hadjopulos, Sue See Simple Minds Haendel, Ida 42 Hagar, Regan See Brad Hagar, Sammy 21 Also see Van Halen Hagen, Nina 25 Hagerty, Neil See Royal Trux Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 HaHa, Jimi See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Hahn, Hilary 30 Hahn, Joseph See Linkin Park Hailey, Cedric “K-Ci” See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Hailey, Joel “JoJo” See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Haimovitz, Matt 60 Haitink, Bernard 39 Hajjar, Tony See At The Drive-In Hakim, Omar See Urban Knights Also see Weather Report Hakmoun, Hassan 15 Hale, Simon See Incognito Haley, Bill 6 Haley, Mark See Kinks, The Haley, Paige See Orgy Halford, Rob See Judas Priest Hall, Alan See Selah Hall, Bob See Savoy Brown

Hall, Jim 35 Hall, John S. See King Missile Hall, Kristen See Sugarland Hall, Lance See Inner Circle Hall, Mark See ?Casting Crowns Hall, Pam See Black Uhuru Hall, Randall See Lynyrd Skynyrd Hall, Terry See Specials, The Hall, Tom T. 26 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hall, Tommy See 13th Floor Elevators Hall, Tony See Neville Brothers, The Hallahan, Patrick See My Morning Jacket Hallam, Nick “The Head” See Stereo MC’s Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hallcox, Jason See Imperials, The Hallett, Bob See Great Big Sea Halliday, Toni See Curve Halligan Jr., Bob See Ceili Rain Halliwell, Geri See Spice Girls Halstead, Neil See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive Ham, Greg See Men at Work Ham, Pete See Badfinger Hamasaki, Ayumi 45 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hamer, Harry See Chumbawamba Hamilton, Anthony 58

Hall, Bruce See REO Speedwagon

Hamilton, Mark See Ash

Hall, Christopher See Stabbing Westward

Hamilton, Milton See Third World

Hall, Daryl See Hall & Oates

Hamilton, Page See Helmet

Hall, Ellis See Tower of Power

Hamilton, Scott 55

Hanneman, Jeff See Slayer

Hamilton, Tom See Aerosmith

Hannibal, Chauncey “Black” See Blackstreet

Hamlett, Robert

Hannon, Frank

Hall, Janine See Saints, The

Hamilton, Arnold (Frukwan da Gatekeeper) See Gravediggaz

See Fairfield Four Hamlin, Thomas See Black 47 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammer, Jan 21 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammerstein, Oscar See Rodgers, Richard Hammett, Kirk See Metallica Hammill, Peter 30 Hammill, Peter See Van der Graaf Generator Hammon, Ron See War Hammond, Albert See Strokes, The Hammond, Fred 36 Hammond, John 6 Hammond, Murry See Old 97’s Hammond-Hammond, Jeffrey See Jethro Tull Hampson, Sharon See Sharon, Lois & Bram Hampson, Thomas 12 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hancock, Butch 56 Also see Flatlanders, The Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hancock, Tommy See Flatlanders, The Hancock, Wayne 45 Handley, Ed See Plaid Handley, Jerry See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Handsome Family, The 30 Handy, W. C. 7 Handyside, Chris See Dirtbombs, The Hanley, Kay See Letters to Cleo Hanley, Steve See Fall, The Hanna, Jeff See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Hanna, Kathleen 45

Hamilton, Frank See Weavers, The

Hanna, Kathleen See Le Tigre

Hamilton, Katie See Treadmill Trackstar

Hanna, Roland, Sir 45 Hannah, Jim See Rumba Club Hannah, Paul See Rumba Club Hannan, Patrick See Sundays, The


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Dirty Vegas Harris, R. H. See Soul Stirrers, The Harris, Shawntae See Da Brat Harris, Steve See Iron Maiden Harris, Teddy 22 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harrison, Jerry See Talking Heads Harrison, John See Hawkwind Harrison, Ken See Wild Strawberries Harrison, Lou 50 Harrison, Nigel See Blondie Harrison, Richard See Stereolab Harrison, Wendell 56 Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Harry, Neil See Giant Sand Harsh, Eddie See Black Crowes, The Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27 Hart, Beth 29 Hart, Chuck See Surfin’ Pluto Hart, Douglas See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Hart, Emerson See Tonic Hart, Grant See Hüsker Dü Hart, Hattie See Memphis Jug Band Hart, Lorenz See Rodgers, Richard Hart, Mark See Crowded House Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Hart, Robert See Bad Company

Harmon, Carey See Railroad Earth

Harper, Ben 17 Harper, Kevin See Nightmares on Wax Harper, Raymond See Skatalites, The Harper, Roy 30 Harper, Tony See Slobberbone Harrell, Andre 16 Harrell, Lynn 3 Harrell, Todd See 3 Doors Down Harrell, Tom 28 Harrington, Ayodele See Sweet Honey in the Rock Harrington, Carrie See Sounds of Blackness Harrington, David See Kronos Quartet, The Harrington, Tim See Les Savy Fav Harris, Addie “Micki” See Shirelles, The Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Ben See Dirty Vegas Harris, Bill See Clovers, The Harris, Corey 41 Harris, Damon Otis See Temptations, The Harris, Eddie 15 Harris, Emmylou 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Harris, Eric See Olivia Tremor Control Harris, Evelyn Maria See Sweet Honey in the Rock Harris, Gerard See Kool & the Gang Harris, James See Echobelly Harris, Jason “Moose” See New Model Army Harris, Jason See Damned, The Harris, Jeff See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Harris, Jesse 47 Harris, Jet See Shadows, The Harris, Jody See Golden Palominos Harris, Joey See Beat Farmers Harris, Kevin See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Hartke, Stephen 5

Hathaway, Richard See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The

Harmon, Eric See Chainsaw Kittens, The

Harris, Lee See Talk Talk

Hartley, Matthieu See Cure, The

Hatherley, Charlotte See Ash

Harmon, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The

Harris, Mark See 4Him

Hartman, Bob See Petra

Harms, Jesse See REO Speedwagon

Harris, Mary See Spearhead

Harnoy, Ofra 49

Harris, Nigel See Jam, The

Hartman, Dave See Southern Culture on the Skids

Hatori, Miho See Cibo Matto Also see Gorillaz

See Tesla Hannon, Neil See Divine Comedy, The Hansen, Mary See Stereolab Hanson 20 Hanson, Isaac See Hanson Hanson, Joel See PFR Hanson, Paul (Prince Paul A.K.A. Dr. Strange) See Paul, Prince Hanson, Taylor See Hanson Hanson, Zachary See Hanson Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardaker, Sam See Zero 7 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Hardiman, Ronan 35 Hardin, Eddie See Spencer Davis Group Hardin, Geraldine See Sweet Honey in the Rock Hardin, Tim 18 Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hardson, Tre “Slimkid” See Pharcyde, The Hardy, Bob See Franz Ferdinand Hardy, Françoise 43 Hardy, Leslie See Murder City Devils Hargreaves, Brad See Third Eye Blind Hargrove, Kornell See Poi Dog Pondering Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harkelroad, Bill “Zoot Horn Rollo” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Harket, Morten See A-ha Harley, Bill 7 Harley, Wayne See Pearls Before Swine Harmer, Nick See Death Cab for Cutie Harmer, Sarah 56 Harmon, Bob “Buff” See Ceili Rain

Harper, Benjamin See Yellowcard

Harris, Paul

Hart, Tim See Steeleye Span Hart, William Cullen See Olivia Tremor Control Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hartgrove, Mike See IIIrd Tyme Out

Hartman, John See Doobie Brothers, The

Hartnoll, Paul See Orbital Hartnoll, Phil See Orbital Hartridge, Jimmy See Swervedriver Harvey, Bernard “Touter” See Inner Circle Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Harvey, Philip “Daddae” See Soul II Soul Harvey, Polly Jean See Harvey, PJ Harvey Danger 60 Harvie, Iain See Del Amitri Harwell, Steve See Smash Mouth Harwood, Justin See Luna Haseltine, Dan See Jars of Clay Hashian See Boston Haskell, Gordon See King Crimson Haskins, Kevin See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets Haslinger, Paul See Tangerine Dream Haslip, Jimmy See Yellowjackets Hassan, Norman See UB40 Hasselhoff, Evil “Jared” See Bloodhound Gang, The Hassell, Jon 43 Hassilev, Alex See Limeliters, The Hassman, Nikki See Avalon Hastings, Jimmy See Caravan Hastings, Pye See Caravan Hatch, Kerry See Oingo Boingo Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hathaway, Donny 42 Hathaway, Jane See Lane, Fred

Haug, Ian See Powderfinger Hauser, Tim See Manhattan Transfer, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Havens, Richie 11 Haveron, Andrew See Brodsky Quartet Havok, Davey See AFI Hawes, Dave See Catherine Wheel Hawken, John See Strawbs Hawkes, Greg See Cars, The Hawkins, Coleman 11 Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Dan See Darkness, The Hawkins, Derrek See Stabbing Westward Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hawkins, Hoyt See Jordanaires, The Hawkins, Justin See Darkness, The Hawkins, Lamont “U-God” See Wu-Tang Clan Hawkins, Nick See Big Audio Dynamite Hawkins, Richard (Dick) See Gene Loves Jezebel Hawkins, Roger See Traffic Hawkins, Ronnie 36 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hawkins, Sophie B. 21 Hawkins, Taylor See Foo Fighters Hawkins, Tramaine 17 Hawkins, Xian See Silver Apples Hawkwind 41 Hawley, Paul See Hot Hot Heat Hawthorne, Dustin See Hot Hot Heat Hawtin, Richie 45 Hay, Colin See Men at Work Hay, George D. 3 Hay, Ivor See Saints, The Hay, Roy See Culture Club Hayden, Victor “The Mascara Snake” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Haydn, Lili 46 Haydock, Eric See Hollies, The Haye, George “Buddy” See Wailing Souls Hayes, Christian “Bic” See Dark Star Hayes, Darren See Savage Garden Hayes, Gemma 58

Hayes, Gordon See Pearls Before Swine Hayes, Isaac 10 Hayes, James See Persuasions, The Hayes, Kelley See Cold Hayes, Louis 40 Hayes, Peter See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Hayes, Roland 13 Haymes, Dick 36 Haynes, Gibby See Butthole Surfers Haynes, Harrison See Les Savy Fav Haynes, Ron See Liquid Soul Haynes, Roy 33 Haynes, Warren See Allman Brothers, The Also see Gov’t Mule Haynie, Aubrey 46 Hays, Lee See Weavers, The Hays, Tom See Swell Hayward, David Justin See Moody Blues, The Hayward, Lawrence See Felt Hayward, Richard See Little Feat Haza, Ofra 29 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Headley, Heather 37 Headliner See Arrested Development Headon, Topper See Clash, The Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Healey, Martin See Dead or Alive Healy, Fran See Travis Heard, Mark 48 Heard, Paul See M People Hearn, Kevin See Barenaked Ladies Heart 1 Heartsong, Dorian “Dorian 27” See Powerman 5000 Heath, James See Reverend Horton Heat Heathman, Ron See Supersuckers Heatley, Danny See Exploited, The Heaton, Paul See Beautiful South Heaton, Robert “Robb” See New Model Army Heavy D 10 Hebrank, Neil

Cumulative Musicians Index • 277 See Juliana Theory, The Hecker, Robert See Redd Kross Hederos, Martin See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Hedford, Eric See Dandy Warhols Hedges, Eddie See Blessid Union of Souls Hedges, Michael 3 Heffington, Don See Jayhawks, The Heggie, Will See Cocteau Twins, The Heidorn, Mike See Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Heifetz, Dany See Mr. Bungle Heifetz, Jascha 31 Heil, Rick See SonicFlood Heiss, Stu See Resurrection Band Heitman, Dana See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Helfgott, David 19 Helium, Bryan See Elf Power

Hellauer, Susan See Anonymous 4

Henderson, Andy See Echobelly Henderson, Billy See Spinners, The Henderson, Chris See 3 Doors Down Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Joe 14 Henderson, Skitch 58 Henderson, Stewart See Delgados, The Hendricks, Barbara 10 Hendricks, Bobby See Drifters, The Hendricks, Jon See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Hendrix, Jennifer See Sierra Hendrix, Jimi 2 Hendryx, Nona 52 Henke, Bob See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henneman, Brian See Bottle Rockets Henrit, Bob See Kinks, The Henry, Bill See Northern Lights Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Henry, Kent See Steppenwolf

Heller, Bill See Rippingtons

Henry, Nicholas “Drummie” See Mystic Revealers

Hellerman, Fred See Weavers, The

Hensley, Ken See Uriah Heep

Hellier, Steve See Death in Vegas

Hepcat, Harry 23

Helium, Bryan See Of Montreal Hell, Richard See Television

Helliwell, John See Supertramp Helm, Levon See Band, The Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Helmet 52 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Hem 55 Hemby, Ron See Imperials, The Hemingway, Dave See Beautiful South

Hepner, Rich See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Heppner, Ben 23 Herdman, Bob See Audio Adrenaline Herman, Maureen See Babes in Toyland Herman, Tom See Pere Ubu Herman, Woody 12 Hermann, John See Widespread Panic Herman’s Hermits 5

Hemmings, Courtney See Aswad

Hernandez, Alfredo See Queens of the Stone Age

Hemmings, Paul See Lightning Seeds

Hernandez, Bubba See Brave Combo

Hemphill, Aaron See Liars

Hernandez, Dave See Shins, The

Hemphill, Julius 34 Also see World Saxophone Quartet

Hernandez, Joey See Voodoo Glow Skulls

Hempton, Sam See Six by Seven

Hernandez, Johnny “Vatos” See Oingo Boingo Hernandez, Phil

278 • Cumulative Musicians Index See Brave Combo Herndon, John See Tortoise Herndon, Mark Joel See Alabama Herndon, Ty 20 Heron, Mike See Incredible String Band Herrema, Jennifer See Royal Trux Herrera, Mike See MxPx Herrera, R. J. See Suicidal Tendencies Herrera, Raymond See Fear Factory Herrin, Johnny See Resurrection Band Herrlin, Anders See Roxette Herrmann, Bernard 14 Herron, Cindy See En Vogue Herron, Don See BR5-49 Hersh, Kristin 49 Also see Throwing Muses Hess, Jake See Imperials, The Hesse, Chris See Hoobastank Hester, Paul See Crowded House Hetfield, James See Metallica Hetson, Greg See Bad Religion Also see Circle Jerks, The Heuer, Kevin See Vigilantes of Love Heveroh, Ben See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Hewitt, Bobby See Orgy Hewitt, Jennifer Love 41 Hewitt, Steve See Placebo Hewlett, Jamie See Gorillaz Hewson, Paul See U2 Hexum, Nick See 311 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hibbard, Bill See Paul Revere & The Raiders Hibbert, Frederic “Toots” See Toots and the Maytals Hibbler, Al 34 Hickey, Kenny See Type O Negative Hickman, Johnny See Cracker Hicks, Chris

See Restless Heart Hicks, Dan See Charlatans, The Hicks, Earl See Drive-By Truckers Hicks, John 59 Hicks, Sheree See C + C Music Factory Hicks, Tony See Hollies, The Hidalgo, David See Los Lobos Hield, Nehemiah See Baha Men Hield, Omerit See Baha Men Higgins, Billy 35 Higgins, Terence See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Highway 101 4 Hijbert, Fritz See James Gang Hijbert, Fritz See Kraftwerk Hilah See Boredoms, The Hill, Andrew 41 Hill, Brendan See Blues Traveler Hill, Brian “Beezer” See Frogs, The Hill, Dave See Cobra Verde Hill, David See Slade Hill, Dusty See ZZ Top Hill, Faith 50 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hill, Ian See Judas Priest Hill, James See Fairfield Four Hill, Joe See Alien Ant Farm Hill, John See Apples in Stereo Hill, Kim See Black Eyed Peas Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hill, Michael See Slobberbone Hill, Scotti See Skid Row

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Hillman, Chris See Byrds, The Also see Desert Rose Band, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Hilton, Eric See Thievery Corporation Hindalong, Steve See Normals, The Hinderas, Natalie 12 Hinds, Billy See Pure Prairie League Hinds, David See Steel Pulse Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hines, Gary See Sounds of Blackness Hinojos, Paul See At The Drive-In Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Hinton, Milt 33 Hirsh, Chicken See Country Joe and the Fish Hirst, Rob See Midnight Oil Hirt, Al 5 His Name Is Alive 43 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Hitchcock, Russell See Air Supply Hite, Bob See Canned Heat Hitt, Bryan See REO Speedwagon Hives, The 44 Hlubek, Dave See Molly Hatchet Ho, Don 54 Ho, Fred 60 Hobbs, Randy Jo See McCoys, The Hobson, Motor See Lane, Fred Hodge, Alex See Platters, The Hodges, Johnny 24 Hodges, Warner See Jason & the Scorchers Hodgson, Roger 26 Also see Supertramp Hodo, David See Village People, The Hoed, Pat See Down By Law

Hill, Scott See Fu Manchu

Hoenig, Michael See Tangerine Dream

Hill, Stuart See Shudder to Think

Hoerig, Keith See Five Iron Frenzy

Hillage, Steve See Orb, The Also see Gong

Hoerner, Dan See Sunny Day Real Estate

Hillier, Steve See Dubstar Hillman, Bones See Midnight Oil

Hofeldt, Brian See Derailers, The Hoffman, Ellen See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir

Hoffman, Erika See His Name Is Alive Hoffman, Guy See BoDeans, The Also see Violent Femmes Hoffman, Kristian See Congo Norvell Hoffman, Sam See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Hoffs, Susanna See Bangles, The Hofmann, Holly 41 Hogan, Mike See Cranberries, The Hogan, Noel See Cranberries, The Hoke, Jim See NRBQ Holbrook, Ezra See Decemberists, The Holder, Gene See dB’s, The Also see Yo La Tengo Holder, Noddy See Slade Hold Steady, The 56 Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine Hole 14 Holiday, Billie 6 Holland, Annie See Elastica Holland, Brian See Holland-Dozier-Holland Holland, Bryan “Dexter” See Offspring Holland, Dave 27 Holland, Dave See Judas Priest Holland, Eddie See Holland-Dozier-Holland Holland, Gary See Great White Holland, Jolie 55 Also see Be Good Tanyas Holland, Julian “Jools” See Squeeze Holland, Steve See Molly Hatchet Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Hollies, The 39 Hollinger, Kyle See Crazy Town Hollingsworth, Kyle See String Cheese Incident, The Hollis, Mark See Talk Talk Hollister, Dave See Blackstreet Holloway, Brenda 45 Holly, Buddy 1 Holm, Georg See Sigur Rós Holmberg, Jonas See Komeda


Hood, David See Traffic

Hooper, Nellee See Massive Attack Also see Soul II Soul Hooper, Tom See Grapes of Wrath, The Hooper, Tony See Ceili Rain Also see Strawbs Hoopes, Matt See Relient K Hooters 20 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Hoover, Jamie See Spongetones, The Hope, Dave See Kansas Hope, Gavin See Nylons, The Hopkins, Doug See Gin Blossoms Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 Hopkins, Nicky See Quicksilver Messenger Service Hopkinson, Rusty See You Am I Hopper, Hugh See Soft Machine Hoppus, Mark See Blink 182 Hopwood, Keith See Herman’s Hermits Horan, Winifred See Cherish the Ladies Also see Solas Hordemann, Wolfgang See Los Lonely Boys Hori, Saki See 5,6,7,8’s, The Horn, Mark See Derailers, The Horn, Shirley 7 Horn, Trevor 33 Also see Yes Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Horne, Marilyn 9 Horner, James 38 Horner, Jessica See Less Than Jake

Hood, Patterson See Drive-By Truckers

Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Hoodoo Gurus 33

Hornsby, Vince See Sevendust

Holmberg, Marcus See Komeda Holmes, Billy See Vigilantes of Love Holmes, Brendan See Young Dubliners Holmes, David 31 Holmes, Malcolm See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Holmes, Sherman See Holmes Brothers, The Holmes, Tim See Death in Vegas Holmes, Wendell See Holmes Brothers, The Holmes Brothers, The 35 Holmstrom, Peter See Dandy Warhols Holsapple, Peter See Continental Drifters Also see dB’s, The Holsapple, Randy See Caedmon’s Call Holt, Chandler See Chatham County Line Holt, Cully See Jordanaires, The Holt, David Lee See Mavericks, The Holt, John See Paragons, The Holy, Steve 61 Holy Goat See Lanternjack, The Homme, Joshua See Queens of the Stone Age Also see Screaming Trees Honda, Yuka See Cibo Matto Honeyman, Susie See Mekons, The Honeyman-Scott, James See Pretenders, The Honeytree 58 Honolulu See Minty Hoobastank 50

Hook, Peter See Joy Division Also see New Order Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hooks, Rosie Lee See Sweet Honey in the Rock Hoon, Shannon See Blind Melon Hooper, Chris See Grapes of Wrath, The Hooper, Dave See Rippingtons

Horovitz, Adam “King Ad-Rock” See Beastie Boys Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Horse See Indigenous

Cumulative Musicians Index • 279 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hosler, Mark See Negativland Hossack, Michael See Doobie Brothers, The Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Hot Hot Heat 55 Hotchkiss, Rob See Train Houari, Rachid See Gong Hough, Stephen 40 House, Kenwyn See Reef House, Simon See Hawkwind House, Son 11 House of Pain 14 Houser, Michael See Widespread Panic Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Houston, Jarell “J-Boog” See B2K Houston, Penelope 28 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Howard, Dan See Cinematic Orchestra Howard, Dominic See Muse Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Miki 38 Howard, Phil See Soft Machine Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Howe, Brian See Bad Company Howe, Liam See Sneaker Pimps Howe, Steve See Yes Howell, Ian See Chanticleer Howell, Porter See Little Texas Hower, Dave See Nields, The Howerdel, Billy See Perfect Circle, A Howie, Jr., John See Two Dollar Pistols Howland, Don 24 Howlett, Liam See Prodigy Howlett, Mike See Gong

Hubbard, Gregg “Hobie” See Sawyer Brown Hubbard, Preston See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Also see Roomful of Blues Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38 Huber, Connie See Chenille Sisters, The Hubrey, Georgia See Yo La Tengo Hudson, Bill See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, Brett See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, C. See Blue October Hudson, Cary See Blue Mountain Hudson, Earl See Bad Brains Hudson, Garth See Band, The Hudson, Ian See Gene Loves Jezebel Hudson, James “Pookie” See Spaniels, The Hudson, Jeremie See Imperials, The Hudson, Mark See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, Richard See Strawbs Hudson Brothers, The 56 Huettig, Mike See Days of the New Huey See Fun Lovin’ Criminals Huff, Mary See Southern Culture on the Skids Huffman, Aaron See Harvey Danger Huffman, Chris See ?Casting Crowns Huffman, Doug See Boston Huffman, Joey See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’

Howlin’ Wolf 6

Hughes, Leon See Coasters, The

Huggett, Monica 50 Huggins, Jamie See Of Montreal Hughes, Bruce See Cracker Also see Poi Dog Pondering Hughes, Glenn See Black Sabbath Hughes, Glenn See Village People, The

Horton, Billy See Hot Club of Cowtown

H.R. See Bad Brains

Horton, Jeff See Northern Lights

Hüsker Dü 45

Hugo, Chad See Neptunes, The

Hub See Roots, The

Huidobro, Micky See Molotov

Hubbard, Bob See Jordanaires, The

Huld, Hafdis See Gus Gus

Horton, Jerry See Papa Roach Horton, Walter 19

280 • Cumulative Musicians Index Human League, The 17 Humble Pie 40 Humes, Helen 19 Hummel, Andy See Big Star Humperdinck, Engelbert 19 Humphreys, Paul See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Hunnekink, Bermard See Willem Breuker Kollektief Hunt, Darryl See Pogues, The Hunt, Tommy See Flamingos, The Hunter See AFI Hunter, Alberta 7 Hunter, Charlie 24 Hunter, George See Charlatans, The Hunter, Ian 57 Also see Mott the Hoople Hunter, Ivory Joe 53 Hunter, Jason “The Rebel INS” (Inspectah Deckk) See Wu-Tang Clan Hunter, Joe See Funk Brothers Hunter, Karl See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Hunter, Mark See James Hunter, Shepherd “Ben” See Soundgarden Hurding, B.P. See X-Ray Spex Hurley, Andy See Fall Out Boy Hurley, George See fIREHOSE Also see Minutemen, The Hurley, Michael 58 Hurley, Sean See Vertical Horizon Hurst, Ron See Steppenwolf Hurt, Mississippi John 24 Hussain, Zakir 32 Hussey, Wayne See Dead or Alive Husted, Andy See MxPx Hutchence, Michael See INXS Hutchings, Ashley See Fairport Convention Also see Steeleye Span Hutchinson, Trevor See Waterboys, The Huth, Todd See Primus Hütter, Ralf See Kraftwerk Hutter, Ralf See James Gang


Hutton, Danny See Three Dog Night Hutz, Eugene See Gogol Bordello Huun-Huur-Tu 58 Huxley, Rick See Dave Clark Five, The Hyatt, Aitch See Specials, The Hyde, Karl See Underworld Hyde, Michael See Big Mountain Hyman, Dick 39 Hyman, Jerry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Hyman, Phyllis 49 Hyman, Rob See Hooters Hynd, Richard See Texas Hynde, Chrissie See Pretenders, The Hyslop, Kenny See Simple Minds Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ian, Scott See Anthrax Ian and Sylvia 18 Ibarra, Susie 55 Ibbotson, Jimmy See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Ibold, Mark See Pavement Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A Ice-T 7 Ickes, Rob 49 Also see Blue Highway Ida 44 Idlewild 30 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Iero, Frank See My Chemical Romance Ieuan, Dafydd “Daf” See Catatonia Also see Super Furry Animals If, Owen See Stereo MC’s Iglauer, Bruce 37 Iglesias, Enrique 27 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Iha, James See Perfect Circle, A Also see Smashing Pumpkins

Immergluck, David See Monks of Doom Immerwahr, Steve See Ida Imperial Teen 26 Imperials, The 43 Impressions, The 36 Incognito 16 Incredible String Band 23 Incubus 23 India.Arie 41 Indigenous 31 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Inez, Mike See Alice in Chains Infante, Frank See Blondie Ingber, Elliot “Winged Eel Fingerling” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Inge, Edward See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Ingebrigtsen, Christian See A1 Ingelevics, Jesse See Alexisonfire Ingraham, David See Young Dubliners Ingram, Bobby See Molly Hatchet Ingram, Jack 58 Ingram, Jack See Incredible String Band Ingram, James 11 Ink Spots 23

IIIrd Tyme Out 40

Irish Tenors, The 36

Il Divo 61

Irmler, Hans-Joachim See Faust

Illsley, John See Dire Straits Image, Joey See Misfits, The Imbruglia, Natalie 27

Inner Circle 15 Innes, Andrew See Primal Scream Innes, Neil See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Innis, Dave See Restless Heart Innocence Mission, The 46 Insane Clown Posse 22 Interior, Lux See Cramps, The (International) Noise Conspiracy, The 60 Interpol 52 Intveldt, James See Blasters, The INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Irvin, Nathaniel See Fairfield Four Irwin, Pat See B-52’s, The Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isabelle, Jeff See Guns n’ Roses Isacsson, Jonas See Roxette Isbell, Jason See Drive-By Truckers Isbin, Sharon 33 Isham, Mark 14 Isles, Bill See O’Jays, The Isley, Ernie See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Marvin See Isley Brothers, The Isley, O’Kelly, Jr. See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Ronald See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Rudolph See Isley Brothers, The Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Israel Vibration 21 Ithier, Rafael See El Gran Combo Ivers, Eileen 30 Also see Cherish the Ladies Iverson, Ethan See Bad Plus, The Ives, Burl 12 Ives, Charles 29 Ivey, Michael See Basehead Ivins, Michael See Flaming Lips Izambard, Sebastien See Il Divo J. See White Zombie J, David See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets J. Geils Band 25 Ja Rule 36 Jabour, Seth See Les Savy Fav Jabs, Matthias See Scorpions, The Jackson, Alan 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Iommi, Tony See Black Sabbath

Jackson, Al See Booker T. & the M.G.’s

Iovine, Jimmy 46

Jackson, Chuck See Del Vikings, The

Iron Maiden 10 Irons, Jack See Pearl Jam Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers

Jackson, Clive See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Jackson, David See Van der Graaf Generator Jackson, Eddie



See Queensryche Jackson, Freddie 3 Jackson, Jackie See Jacksons, The Jackson, Janet 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Jermaine See Jacksons, The Jackson, Joe 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Karen See Supremes, The Jackson, Mahalia 8 Jackson, Marlon See Jacksons, The Jackson, Martin See Swing Out Sister Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Milt 15 Jackson, Pervis See Spinners, The Jackson, Quentin See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Jackson, Randy See Jacksons, The Jackson, Ronald Shannon See Music Revelation Ensemble Jackson, Stevie See Belle and Sebastian Jackson, Tito See Jacksons, The Jackson, Tony See Searchers, The Jackson, Wanda 42 Jackson, Willie See Spaniels, The Jackson 5, The See Jacksons, The Jacksons, The 7 Jackyl 24 Jacobs, Alan See Fugs, The Jacobs, Christian Richard See Aquabats, The Jacobs, Jeff See Foreigner Jacobs, Kate 51 Jacobs, Nick See Blue Aeroplanes, The Jacobs, Parker See Aquabats, The Jacobs, Walter See Little Walter

See Wallflowers, The Jagged Edge 36 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The Jago, Nick See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Jaheim 42 Jairo T. See Sepultura Jalal See Last Poets Jam, Jimmy See Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis Jam, The 27 Jam Master Jay See Run DMC Jamal, Ahmad 32 Jamerson, James See Funk Brothers James 12 James, Alex See Blur James, Andrew “Bear” See Midnight Oil James, Boney 21 James, Brian See Damned, The James, Cheryl See Salt-N-Pepa James, David See Alien Sex Fiend Also see Spearhead James, Denise See His Name Is Alive James, Doug See Roomful of Blues James, Elmore 8 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 James, Gregg See D.O.A. James, Harry 11 James, Jesse See Jackyl James, Jim See My Morning Jacket James, John See Newsboys, The James, Joni 30 James, Onieda See Spearhead James, Richard See Aphex Twin James, Richard See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci James, Richey See Manic Street Preachers

See Searchers, The James, Sylvia See Aztec Camera James, Tommy See Tommy James and the Shondells James, Will See Papa Roach James Gang 56 Jamiroquai 21 Jamison, Le Le See Spearhead Jan & Dean 32 Jane’s Addiction 6 Janis, Tim 46 Janney, Eli See Girls Against Boys Janovitz, Bill See Buffalo Tom Jansch, Bert See Pentangle Jara, Victor 59 Jardine, Al See Beach Boys, The Jarman, Joseph See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Jarobi See Tribe Called Quest, A Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jarreau, Al 1 Jarrett, Hugh See Jordanaires, The Jarrett, Irwin See Third World Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Jason & the Scorchers 45 Jasper, Chris See Isley Brothers, The Jawbox 31

Jacox, Martin See Soul Stirrers, The

Jawbreaker 46 Jaworski, Al See Jesus Jones Jay, Miles See Village People, The Jay Dee See Slum Village Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jayne, Mitch See Dillards, The

J.C. 2000 See Rocket from the Crypt Jean, Wyclef 60 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Also see Fugees, The Jeannin, Franeõis See Paris Combo Jeanrenaud, Joan Dutcher See Kronos Quartet Jeczalik, Jonathan See Art of Noise Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jefferson Starship See Jefferson Airplane Jeffre, Justin See 98 Degrees Jeffries, Michael See Tower of Power Jellyfish 54 Jemmott, Gerald See Pearls Before Swine Jenifer, Darryl See Bad Brains Jenkins, Barry See Animals, The Jenkins, Gary See Silk Jenkins, Johnny 60 Jenkins, Karl See Soft Machine Jenkins, Kevin See Black 47 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Jenkins, Pall See Black Heart Procession Jenkins, Stephan See Third Eye Blind Jenkins, Tomi See Cameo Jennings, Greg See Restless Heart Jennings, Mason 59 Jennings, Waylon 4 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jensen, Ken See D.O.A. Jerkins, Rodney 38 Jerneholm, Kale See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Jerry, Jah See Skatalites, The Jeru the Damaja 33

Jayson, Mackie See Bad Brains

Jessee, Darren See Ben Folds Five

Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28

Jessie, Young See Coasters, The

James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Jazdzewski, Joe See Paladins, The

Jesus Jones 23

Jacquet, Illinois 53 Earlier sketch in CM 17

James, Ruby See Aztec Camera

Jazz Butcher, The 30

Jesus and Mary Chain, The 10

Jazze Pha 58

Jet 61

Jadakiss 51

James, Simon See Acoustic Alchemy

Jazzie B See Soul II Soul

James, Skip 24

JBJ See Crazy Town

Jeter, Claude See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Also see Swan Silvertones, The

Jade 4U See Lords of Acid Jaffee, Rami

James, Spencer

Jesus Lizard 19

Jethro Tull 8



See Steeleye Span Johnson, Brian See AC/DC Johnson, Brian See O.C. Supertones, The Johnson, Brodie See Voodoo Glow Skulls Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, Calvin See Beat Happening Johnson, Corinthian “Kripp” See Del Vikings, The Johnson, Courtney See New Grass Revival, The Johnson, Danny See Steppenwolf Johnson, Daryl See Neville Brothers, The Johnson, David See Can Johnson, Donnie 48 Johnson, Ella 50 Johnson, Eric 19 Johnson, Eric See Archers of Loaf Johnson, Ethyl See Swell Johnson, Gene See Diamond Rio Johnson, Gerry See Steel Pulse Johnson, Holly See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Johnson, J.J. 33 Johnson, Jack 45 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Jared See Samples Johnson, Jason See Paloalto Johnson, Jeff See Jason & the Scorchers Johnson, Jerry See Big Mountain Johnson, Johnnie 56 Johnson, Kraig See Golden Smog Johnson, Kraig See Jayhawks, The Johnson, Kurt See Flying Luttenbachers, The Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Louis See Swan Silvertones, The Johnson, Marc 58

Johnson, Ralph See Earth, Wind and Fire Johnson, Robert 6 Johnson, Robert See KC and the Sunshine Band Johnson, Roy See Congos, The Johnson, Scott See Gin Blossoms Johnson, Shirley Childres See Sweet Honey in the Rock Johnson, Steve See Brainiac Johnson, Syleena 49 Johnson, Tamara “Taj” See SWV Johnson, Vince See Mediaeval Baebes Johnson, Willie See Golden Gate Quartet Johnston, Bruce See Beach Boys, The Johnston, Daniel 61 Johnston, Doug See Loverboy Johnston, Freedy 20 Johnston, Howie See Ventures, The Johnston, Max See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Johnston, Mike See Northwoods Improvisers Johnston, Phillip 36 Johnston, Sonnie See Five Iron Frenzy Johnston, Tom See Doobie Brothers, The JoJo 61 JoJo See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Jolly, Bill See Butthole Surfers Jolly, Herman See Sunset Valley Jolson, Al 10 Jon B. 41 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Jones, Adam See Tool Jones, Anthony See Humble Pie Jones, Benny See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Jones, Craig See Slipknot Jones, Daniel See Savage Garden Jones, Danko See Danko Jones Jones, Daron See 112 Jones, Darryl See Rolling Stones, The Jones, Davy See Monkees, The Jones, Denise See Point of Grace Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Etta 37 Jones, Geoffrey See Sounds of Blackness Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Gordon See Silly Wizard Jones, Grace 9 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Jab See Memphis Jug Band Jones, Jamie See All-4-One Jones, Jim See Pere Ubu Jones, John Paul See Led Zeppelin Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Kelly See Stereophonics Jones, Kendall See Fishbone Jones, Kenny See Faces, The Also see Who, The Jones, Kimberly See Lil’ Kim Jones, Marshall See Ohio Players Jones, Marti 51

Johnson, Matt See 54-40

Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s

Johnson, Matt See Chainsaw Kittens, The

Jones, Brian See Rolling Stones, The

Jones, Mick See Tommy James and the Shondells

Johnson, Big Jack 60

Johnson, Matt See The The

Jones, Busta See Gang of Four

Jones, Orville See Ink Spots

Johnson, Billy See Moonglows, The

Johnson, Mike See Dinosaur Jr.

Jones, Calvin “Fuzz” See Music Revelation Ensemble

Johnson, Blind Willie 26

Johnson, Patricia See Sweet Honey in the Rock

Jones, Claude See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers

Jones, Paul See Catatonia Also see Elastica

Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 “Jez” See Swervedriver Jimbo See Reverend Horton Heat Jimbob See Carter USM Jimenez, Flaco See Texas Tornados, The Jiménez, Jorge See Tijuana No! Jimmie’s Chicken Shack 22 Jimmy Eat World 37 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jo, Sumi 37 Joannou, Chris See Silverchair Jobe, Rivers See Savoy Brown Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19 Jobson, Eddie See Roxy Music Jobson, Edwin See Jethro Tull Jocque, Beau 51 Jocz, Steve “Stevo 32” See Sum 41 Jodeci 13 Joe 33 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Joel, Phil See Newsboys, The Johansen, David 7 Also see New York Dolls Johansen, David See New York Dolls, The Johansen, Kevin 48 Johanson, Jai Johanny See Allman Brothers, The Johansson, Glenn See Echobelly Johansson, Inge See (International Johansson, Lars-Olof See Cardigans John 5 See Marilyn Manson John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 John, Little Willie 25 John Spencer Blues Explosion 18 Johns, Daniel See Silverchair Johnson, Alphonso See Weather Report

Johnson, Bob

Jones, Maxine See En Vogue Jones, Michael See Kronos Quartet Jones, Mick See Big Audio Dynamite Also see Clash, The Jones, Mick See Foreigner

Jones, Norah 48

Jones, Peter

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Cosmic Psychos Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Randy See Village People, The Jones, Richard See Stereophonics Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Robert “Kuumba” See Ohio Players Jones, Robin See Beta Band, The Jones, Rod See Idlewild Jones, Ronald See Flaming Lips Jones, Russell “Ol’ Dirty Bastard” See Ol’ Dirty Bastard Also see Wu-Tang Clan Jones, Sandra “Puma” See Black Uhuru Jones, Simon See Verve, The Jones, Spike 5 Jones, Stacy See American Hi-Fi Also see Letters to Cleo Also see Veruca Salt Jones, Steve See Sex Pistols, The Jones, Teren See Del the Funky Homosapien Also see Gorillaz Jones, Terry See Point of Grace Jones, Thad 19 Jones, Tom 11 Jones, Tyler See Reel Big Fish Jones, Uriel See Funk Brothers Jones, Vincent See Grapes of Wrath, The Jones, Will “Dub” See Coasters, The Jonsson, Magnus See Gus Gus Joplin, Janis 3 Joplin, Scott 10 Jordan, Cyril See Flamin’ Groovies Jordan, Dante “Chi” See Ruff Endz Jordan, Esteban 49 Jordan, Ken See Crystal Method, The Jordan, Lonnie See War Jordan, Louis 11

Jordison, Joey See Slipknot Jorge, Seu 58 Jorgensen, Mikal See Wilco Jorgenson, John See Desert Rose Band, The Jos See Ex, The Josefowicz, Leila 35 Joseph, Charles See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Joseph, Kirk See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Joseph-I, Israel See Bad Brains Josephmary See Compulsion Jourgensen, Al See Ministry Journey 21 Joy Division 19 Joy Electric 26 Joyce, Don See Negativland Joyce, Mike See Buzzcocks, The Also see Smiths, The Juanes 43 Juanita See Les Négresses Vertes Judas Priest 47 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Judd, Naomi See Judds, The Judd, Wynonna See Judds, The Also see Wynonna Judds, The 2 Judy, Eric See Modest Mouse Jugg, Roman See Damned, The Jughead, John See Screeching Weasel Juhlin, Dag See Poi Dog Pondering Juicy J See Three 6 Mafia Jukebox See Geto Boys, The Jules, Gary 52 Juliana Theory, The 43 Juliano, Thomas See Seven Mary Three Julie Ruin See Hanna, Kathleen

Jordan, Marc 30

Cumulative Musicians Index • 283 See New York Dolls, The Kane, Keith See Vertical Horizon Kane, Kevin See Grapes of Wrath, The Kane, Nick See Mavericks, The Kang, Eyvind 28 Kang, Michael See String Cheese Incident, The Kannberg, Scott See Pavement Kansas 32 Kantner, Paul See Jefferson Airplane Kaplan, Harvey See Spiral Starecase Kaplan, Ira See Yo La Tengo Kaplan, Lisa See eighth blackbird Kaplan, Oren See Gogol Bordello Kapranos, Alex See Franz Ferdinand Karajan, Herbert von See von Karajan, Herbert Karasony, Dave See Rippingtons Karate 57 Kardinal Offishall 61 Karen O See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Karges, Murphy See Sugar Ray Karlsson, Gunnar See Wannadies, The Karlsson, Lena See Komeda Karnats, Philip See Tripping Daisy Karoli, Michael See Can Kasica, Ben See Skillet Kasper, Michael See Ensemble Modern Kater, Peter 35 Kath, Terry See Chicago Kato, Nash See Urge Overkill Katrin See Ex, The Katrina and the Waves 48 Katunich, Alex See Incubus

Julot See Les Négresses Vertes

Jupp, Tim See Delirious? Jurado, Jeanette See Exposé Jurassic 5 42 Jurgensen, Jens See Boss Hog Justman, Seth See J. Geils Band Juvenile 61 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Jym See Mr. T Experience, The Kaas, Patricia 41 Kaasinen, Mari See Väarttinä Kaasinen, Sari See Väarttinä Kabongo, Sabine See Zap Mama Kaczor, Neil See Minty Kaczynski, Ray See Northwoods Improvisers Kahlil, Aisha See Sweet Honey in the Rock Kain, Gylan See Last Poets Kaine See Ying Yang Twins Kaiser, Glenn See Resurrection Band Kaiser, Henry See Golden Palominos Kaiser, Wendi See Resurrection Band Kakoulli, Harry See Squeeze Kale, Jim See Guess Who Kalima-Heine, Lehua See Na Leo Kalligan, Dick See Blood, Sweat and Tears Kalsi, Johnny See Afro Celt Sound System Kalthum, Umm 42 Kamanski, Paul See Beat Farmers Kaminski, Mik See Electric Light Orchestra Kamomiya, Ryo See Pizzicato Five Kamoze, Ini 47 Kanal, Tony See No Doubt Kanawa, Kiri Te See Te Kanawa, Kiri Kancheli, Giya 40

Jungle DJ “Towa” See Deee-lite

Kand, Valor See Christian Death

Katz, Simon See Jamiroquai

Junior, Marvin See Dells, The

Kander, John 33

Jordan, Montell 26

Katz, Steve See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Jordan, Ronny 51

Junoon 45

Jordan, Stanley 1

Junstrom, Larry “LJ” See .38 Special

Jordanaires, The 44

Kane, Arthur See New York Dolls

Katz, Mike See Battlefield Band, The

Kane, Big Daddy 7

Kaukonen, Jorma See Jefferson Airplane

Kane, Jr., Arthur

Kavanagh, Chris



See Big Audio Dynamite Kavanaugh, Lydia See Golden Palominos Kay, Jason See Jamiroquai Kay, John See Steppenwolf Kay Gee See Naughty by Nature Kaye, Carol 22 Kaye, Tony See Yes Kaylan, Howard See Turtles, The KC and the Sunshine Band 46 K-Ci See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo K-Ci & JoJo 34 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kean, Martin See Stereolab Keane, Sean See Chieftains, The Kearney, Pete See Fugs, The Kearns, Anthony See Irish Tenors, The Kearns, Robert See Bottle Rockets Keating, Ronan See Boyzone Kee, John P. 15 Keefe, Dylan See Marcy Playground Keelor, Greg See Blue Rodeo Keely, Conrad See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Keenan, Maynard James See Perfect Circle, A Also see Tool Keene, Barry See Spirit Keene, Tommy 31

Kelly, Betty See Martha and the Vandellas Kelly, Charlotte See Soul II Soul Kelly, Dennis See McCoys, The Kelly, Ed See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Kelly, Hugh See Wedding Present, The Kelly, Jeff 31 Kelly, Johnny See Type O Negative Kelly, Junior 49 Kelly, Kevin See Byrds, The Kelly, Mark See Altan Kelly, Matt See Dropkick Murphys Kelly, Paul 40 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Kelly, Rashaan See US3 Kelly, Scott See Neurosis Kelly, Sean See Samples Kelly, Sean See Sixpence None the Richer Kelly, Terrance See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Kember, Pete See Spacemen 3 Kemp, Rick See Steeleye Span Kendall, Mark See Great White

Keifer, Tom See Cinderella

Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Keitaro See Pizzicato Five

Kennedy, William See Yellowjackets

Keith, Bubba See James Gang

Kenner, Doris See Shirelles, The

Keith, Jeff See Tesla

Kenner, Roy See James Gang

Also see Rippingtons Kent, Andy See You Am I Kent, Julia See Rasputina Kent, Stacey 28 Kenton, Stan 21 Kentucky Headhunters, The 5 Kerman, Elliott See Rockapella Kern, Jerome 13 Kerr, Don See Rheostatics Kerr, Jim See Simple Minds Kerr, Scott See Five Iron Frenzy Kerr, Stuart See Texas Kershaw, Sammy 15 Kessel, Barney 47 Kessel, Kenny See Loud Family, The Kessler, Daniel See Interpol Ketchum, Hal 14 Keuning, David See Killers, The Key, Cevin See Skinny Puppy Key, Ryan See Yellowcard Keys, Alicia 46 Keyser, Alex See Echobelly Khaled 33 Khalsa, Giti See Seven Mary Three Khan, Ali Akbar 34 Khan, Chaka 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali 13 Khan, Praga See Lords of Acid Khovalyg , Kaigal-ool See Huun-Huur-Tu Kibble, Joey See Take 6 Kibble, Mark See Take 6 Kibby, Walter See Fishbone Kick, Johnny See Madder Rose Kid ’n Play 5 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Keith, Mike See 112

Kennerty, Mike See All-American Rejects, The

Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Keith, Toby 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Kenny, Bill See Ink Spots

Kidman, Whil See Constantines, The

King, Kerry See Slayer

Keith, Trever See Face to Face

Kenny, Clare See Aztec Camera

Kidney, Robert See Golden Palominos

King, Pee Wee 30

Keithley, Joey “Sh**head” See D.O.A.

Kenny, Herb See Ink Spots

Kid606 36

King, Philip See Lush

Kelis 48

Kenny G 14

Kiedis, Anthony See Red Hot Chili Peppers

King, Simon See Hawkwind

Kendrick, David See Devo Kendricks, Eddie See Temptations, The Kennedy, Delious See All-4-One Kennedy, Frankie See Altan

Kiftmeyer See Green Day Kihlstedt, Carla See Tin Hat Trio Kilbey, Steve See Cameo Kilbey, Steve See Church, The Kilbourn, Duncan See Psychedelic Furs Kilgallon, Eddie See Ricochet Kilgore 24 Kilkenny, Giorgio See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Killers, The 61 Killian, Tim See Kronos Quartet Killing Joke 30 Kimball, Jennifer See Story, The Kimball, Jim See Jesus Lizard Kimble, Paul See Grant Lee Buffalo Kimbrough, Junior 41 Kinard, Tulani Jordan See Sweet Honey in the Rock Kincaid, Jan See Brand New Heavies, The Kinchen, Ricky See Mint Condition Kinchla, Chan See Blues Traveler Kinde, Geoff See Atomic Fireballs, The King, Albert 2 King, Andy See Hooters King, B.B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 Also see Drifters, The King, Bob See Soul Stirrers, The King, Carole 6 Also see Goffin-King King, Chris Thomas 43 King, David See Bad Plus, The King, Earl 44 King, Ed See Lynyrd Skynyrd King, Freddy 17 King, John See Dust Brothers King, Jon See Gang of Four King, Kaki 55

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 King, Stove See Mansun King, William Jr. See Commodores, The King Ad-Rock See Horovitz, Adam King Crimson 17 King Missile 22 King Tubby 51 Kingins, Duke See Atomic Fireballs, The Kings of Convenience 51 Kings of Leon 54 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kingsmen, The 34 Kingsmill, Mark See Hoodoo Gurus Kingston Trio, The 9 Kininger, Sam See Soulive Kinks, The 15 Kinley, Heather See Kinleys, The Kinley, Jennifer See Kinleys, The Kinleys, The 32 Kinney, Kevn See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Kinney, Sean See Alice in Chains Kippenberger, Karl See Shihad Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Kircher, Pete See Status Quo Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6 Kirk, Richard H. See Cabaret Voltaire Kirkby, Emma 35 Kirke, Simon See Bad Company Also see Free Kirkendall, Terry See Derailers, The Kirkland, Mike See Prong Kirkland, Scott See Crystal Method, The Kirkman, Terry See Association, The Kirkpatrick, Chris See ’N Sync Kirkpatrick, Sean See Swell Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Kirkwood, Cris See Meat Puppets, The Kirkwood, Curt See Meat Puppets, The Kirtley, Peter See Pentangle Kirwan, Danny See Fleetwood Mac

Kirwan, Larry See Black 47 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kisser, Andreas See Sepultura Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kitchener, Lord 29 Kitsos, Nick See BoDeans Kitt, Eartha 9 Kjartansson, Siggi See Gus Gus Kleiman, Jon See Monster Magnet Klein, Danny See J. Geils Band Klein, Ellery See Gaelic Storm Klein, Jon See Siouxsie and the Banshees Klein, Mark See Cobra Verde Klein, Steve See New Found Glory Klein, Trish See Be Good Tanyas Klein, Trish See Po’ Girl Kleinow, “Sneaky” Pete See Flying Burrito Brothers Klett, Peter See Candlebox Klezmatics, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 18 KLF, The 52 Klopfenstein, Scott See Reel Big Fish Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Kmatsu, Bravo See Pizzicato Five KMFDM 18 Knack, The 35 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knechtel, Larry See Bread Knife, The 61 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knight, Jon See New Kids on the Block Knight, Jordan See New Kids on the Block Knight, Larry See Spirit Knight, Peter See Steeleye Span

Cumulative Musicians Index • 285 See Mountain Knight, Suge 15 Knight, Susan See Ensemble Modern Knighton, Willie “Khujo” See Goodie Mob Knop, Rob See Harvey Danger Knopfler, David See Dire Straits Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Know, Dr. See Bad Brains Knowledge See Digable Planets Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Also see Destiny’s Child Knowles, Liz See Cherish the Ladies Knox, Jon See Adam Again Knox, Nick See Cramps, The Knox, Richard See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Knudsen, Keith See Doobie Brothers, The Knutson, Erik See Flotsam and Jetsam Koala, Kid See Gorillaz Kochanski, Dave See Rippingtons Koffman, Moe 34 Koite, Moutaga See Orchestra Baobab Koite, Thierno See Orchestra Baobab Koller, Lou See Sick of It All Koller, Peter See Sick of It All Koltnow, Eric See Aloha Komeda 52 Kon Artis See D12 Konietzko, Sascha See KMFDM Konikoff, Eli See Spyro Gyra Konishi, Yasuharu See Pizzicato Five Konitz, Lee 30 Konto, Skip See Three Dog Night Kontos, Chris See Machine Head

See Blood, Sweat and Tears Koopsta Knicca See Three 6 Mafia Kootch, Danny See Fugs, The Koppelman, Charles 14 Koppes, Peter See Cameo Koppes, Peter See Church, The Korn 20 Korner, Alexis 51 Kosker, Josh See Juliana Theory, The Kossoff, Paul See Free Koster, Bo See My Morning Jacket Koster, Julian See Neutral Milk Hotel Kotche, Glenn See Wilco Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kottonmouth Kings 38 Kotzen, Richie See Poison Koutsos, Anthony See Red House Painters Kouyate, N’Faly See Afro Celt Sound System Kowalczyk, Ed See Live Kowald, Peter 32 Koz, Dave 20 Also see Rippingtons Kozelek, Mark See Red House Painters Kraftwerk 9 Krakauer, David See Klezmatics, The Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kramer, Amanda See Golden Palominos Kramer, Joey See Aerosmith Kramer, Mack See Fugs, The Kramer, Wayne See MC5, The Krasno, Eric See Soulive Krasnow, Bob 15 Krause, Bernie See Weavers, The

Kool Herc 45

Kravitz, Lenny 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Knight, Phil See Shihad

Kool Keith 54

Knight, Ross See Cosmic Psychos

Kool & the Gang 58 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Knight, Steve

Kooper, Al

Kool Moe Dee 9

Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Krauss, Scott See Pere Ubu

Krawits, Michael See Pearls Before Swine Krayzie Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony



Krazy Drayz See Das EFX Krebs, Pete 43 Kreisberg, Jennifer Elizabeth See Ulali Kremer, Gidon 30 Kresge, Geoff See AFI Kretz, Eric See Stone Temple Pilots Kretzschmar, Hermann See Ensemble Modern Kreutzman, Bill See Grateful Dead, The Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Krieger, Robert See Doors, The Kriesel, Greg “Greg K.” See Offspring Kris Kross 11 Kriss, Tom See James Gang Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Krizan, Anthony See Spin Doctors Kroeger, Chad See Nickelback Kroeger, Mike See Nickelback Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Kropp, Mike See Northern Lights KRS-One 8 Krukowski, Damon See Damon and Naomi Also see Galaxie 500 Krummenacher, Victor See Monks of Doom Krupa, Gene 13 Krusen, Dave See Pearl Jam Kruspe, Richard See Rammstein Kuba See D.O.A. Kubiszewski, Andrew See Stabbing Westward Kubler, Tad See Hold Steady, The Kuebler, Roman See Spoon Kuehn, William See Rainer Maria Kuepper, Ed See Saints, The

Kunkel, Bruce See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Kunzel, Erich 17 Kupferberg, Tuli See Fugs, The Kupka, Stephen “Doc” See Tower of Power Kurdziel, Eddie See Redd Kross Kurihara, Michio See Ghost Kurosky, Miles See Beulah Kurtág, György 54 Kurth, Rob See Face to Face Kurupt 35 Kuti, Fela 7 Kuti, Femi 29 Kuular, Anatoli See Huun-Huur-Tu Kuvezin, Albert See Huun-Huur-Tu Kweli, Talib 43 Kweller, Ben 57 Kyrkjebø, Sissel See Sissel La Bottine Souriante 50 La Bouche 38 La India 35 La Ley 33 LaBar, Jeff See Cinderella LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 LaBour, Frederick “Too Slim” See Riders in the Sky Laboy, Mitchell See El Gran Combo LaBrie, James See Dream Theater Labrum, Jerry See Paul Revere & The Raiders LaBruyere, David See Vigilantes of Love Lacey, Ryan See Gaelic Storm Lachey, Drew See 98 Degrees Lachey, Nick See 98 Degrees Lack, Steve See Veruca Salt LaCroix, Dimples See Lane, Fred Lacy, Steve 23 Lady Miss Kier See Deee-lite

LaFollette, Steve See Beulah Lagerborg, Chris See Down By Law Lagerburg, Bengt See Cardigans, The Lahiri, Bappi 42 Laika 47 Laine, Cleo 10 Laine, Denny See Moody Blues, The Laing, Corky See Mountain Laird, Rick See Mahavishnu Orchestra Lake, Greg See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Also see King Crimson Lake, Oliver See World Saxophone Quartet LaKind, Bobby See Doobie Brothers, The Laliberté, Guy 51 Lally, Joe See Fugazi LaLonde, Larry “Ler” See Primus Lamb 38 Lamb, Barbara 19 Lamb, Michael See Confederate Railroad Lambchop 29 Lambert, Ben See Carter USM

Kula Shaker 47

Lady Saw 41

Kulak, Eddie See Aztec Camera

Lady Sovereign 61

Landers, Paul See Rammstein

Kulick, Bruce See Kiss

Ladybug See Digable Planets

Kumbia Kings 52

Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Kuniva See D12

Lafalce, Mark See Mekons, The

Lambert, Dave See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Also see Strawbs Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lambert, Yves See La Bottine Souriante Lambke, Steve See Constantines, The Lamble, Martin See Fairport Convention Lamm, Robert See Chicago Lamond, Mary Jane 33 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Lampkin, Troy See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Lancaster, Alan See Status Quo Lancaster, Brian See Surfin’ Pluto Lance, Major 58

Lane, Fred 28 Lane, Jani See Warrant Lane, Jay See Primus Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Lane, Shawn See Blue Highway Lanegan, Mark 57 Also see Screaming Trees Lang, Damian See His Name Is Alive Lang, Eddie 60 Lang, Jonny 27 lang, kd 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Langan, Gary See Art of Noise Langdon, Antony See Spacehog Langdon, Royston See Spacehog Lange, Mutt 47 Langford, Jon 59 Langford, Jon See Mekons, The Langford, Neal See Shins, The Langford, Willie See Golden Gate Quartet Langley, Gerard See Blue Aeroplanes, The Langley, John See Blue Aeroplanes, The Also see Mekons, The Langlois, Paul See Tragically Hip, The Langosch, Paul See Ralph Sharon Quartet Langston, Leslie See Throwing Muses Langton, Huw Lloyd See Hawkwind Lanham, Jim See Pure Prairie League Lanier, Allen See Blue Oyster Cult Lanker, Dustin See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Lanois, Daniel 8 Lanois, Jocelyne See Crash Vegas Lanternjack, The 31 Lantz, Mike See Front Range Lanz, David 42 Lapointe, Jocelyn See La Bottine Souriante

Landreth, Sonny 16

Lappalainen, Janne See Väarttinä

Lane, Brian See Slobberbone

Lappalainen, Markku See Hoobastank

Lane, Cristy 51

LaPread, Ronald See Commodores, The

Lane, David See You Am I

Lardie, Michael

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Great White LaRizza, Archie See Saints, The Larkey, Charles See Fugs, The Larkin, Patty 9 Larkin, Tom See Shihad Larkins, Tom See Giant Sand Larsen, Marit See M2M Larson, Chad Albert See Aquabats, The Larson, Nathan See Shudder to Think LaRue, Florence See Fifth Dimension LaSalle, Denise 43 Lasar, Mars 39 Lash, Tony See Sunset Valley Lassiter, Richard See Ida Last Poets 21 Laswell, Bill 14 Also see Golden Palominos Lataille, Rich See Roomful of Blues Lateef, Yusef 16 Latham, Billy Ray See Dillards, The Latimer, Andrew See Camel Latter, Davey See Earlimart Lattimore, Kenny 51 Lauderdale, Jim 29 Laughner, Peter See Pere Ubu Laughren, Matt See Cold Lauper, Cyndi 61 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Laurence, Lynda See Supremes, The Lava, Larry See Lanternjack, The Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Lavery, Dan See Tonic LaVette, Bettye 58 Lavigne, Avril 50

Lawrence, John See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Lawrence, Tracy 11 Lawry, John See Petra Laws, Hubert 38 Laws, Roland See Earth, Wind and Fire Lawson, Doyle 55 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Lawson, Jerry See Persuasions, The Lawson, Ricky See Yellowjackets Layzie Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Lazzara, Adam See Taking Back Sunday Le Mystère des Voix Bulgares See Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The Le Tigre 55 Lea, Jim See Slade Leadbelly 6 Leader, Ted See Chainsaw Kittens, The Leadon, Bernie See Eagles, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Lear, Graham See REO Speedwagon Leary, Paul See Butthole Surfers Leary, Vinnie See Fugs, The Leatherman, Ronnie See 13th Floor Elevators Leavell, Chuck See Allman Brothers, The LeBlanc, Fred See Cowboy Mouth Le Bon, Simon See Duran Duran Leckenby, Derek “Lek” See Herman’s Hermits LeCompt, John See Evanescence Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ledbetter, Huddie See Leadbelly

Lavin, Christine 6

LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Lavis, Gilson See Squeeze

Lee, Alex See Blue Aeroplanes, The

Lavitz, T. See Dixie Dregs

Lee, Alvin 59

Lawler, Feargal See Cranberries, The Lawless, Greg See Adam Again Lawnge See Black Sheep

Lee, Amy See Evanescence Lee, Arthur See Love Lee, Barbara See Chiffons, The Lee, Ben 56

Cumulative Musicians Index • 287 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Beverly See Shirelles, The Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lee, Buddy See Less Than Jake Lee, Buddy See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Lee, CoCo 36 Lee, Garret See Compulsion Lee, Geddy See Rush Lee, Hunter See Ceili Rain Lee, Jon See S Club 7 Lee, Mark See Third Day Lee, Peggy 8 Lee, Pete See Gwar Lee, Rita 37 Lee, Sara See B-52’s, The Lee, Sara See Gang of Four Lee, Stan See Incredible String Band Lee, Tommy See Mötley Crüe Lee, Tony See Treadmill Trackstar Leeb, Bill See Delerium Also see Front Line Assembly Leen, Bill See Gin Blossoms Leese, Howard See Heart Leeway, Joe See Thompson Twins Lefebvre, Sebastien See Simple Plan Leftfield 29 Leftnant, Nathan See Cameo Legend, Eddie See 5,6,7,8’s, The Legend, John 61 Legend, Johnny 58 Legg, Adrian 17 Legowitz, Herr See Gus Gus Leherer, Keith “Lucky” See Circle Jerks Lehrer, Tom 7

Lemeshev, Yuri See Gogol Bordello Lemieux, Kelly See Goldfinger Lemmy See Hawkwind Also see Motörhead Lemonheads, The 12 LeMoyne, Cedric See Remy Zero Lemper, Ute 14 Len 32 Lenchantin, Paz See Perfect Circle, A Lenear, Kevin See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Lengyel, Theobald Brooks See Mr. Bungle Lenners, Rudy See Scorpions, The Lennevald, Dhani See A*Teens Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Lennox, Annie 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Also see Eurythmics Le Noble, Martyn See Porno for Pyros Lenz, Frank See Starflyer 59 Lenz, Paul See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Leo, Ted 43 Leonard, Geno See Filter Leonard, Glenn See Temptations, The Leonard, Scott See Rockapella Leonhardt, David See Seventy Sevens, The Lepistö, Markku See Väarttinä Lepisto, Veikko See Royal Crown Revue Lerche, Sondre 50 Lerchey, Dave See Del Vikings, The Lerner, Alan Jay See Lerner and Loewe Lerner and Loewe 13 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Les Nubians 45

Leiber, Jerry See Leiber and Stoller

Lesh, Phil See Grateful Dead, The

Leiber and Stoller 14 Leigh, Danni 39

Leskanich, Katrina See Katrina and the Waves

Leithauser, Hamilton See Walkmen, The

Leskiw, Greg See Guess Who

LeMaistre, Malcolm See Incredible String Band

Leslie, Chris See Fairport Convention

Les Savy Fav 54



Less Than Jake 22 Lessard, Stefan See Dave Matthews Band Lester, Bobby See Moonglows, The Lester, Jimmy See Los Straitjackets Letley, Matthew See Status Quo Lettermen, The 30 Letters to Cleo 22 Levene, Keith See Clash, The Lever, Tim See Dead or Alive Levert, Eddie See O’Jays, The Levert, Gerald 35 Leverton, Jim See Caravan Levin, Danny See Asleep at the Wheel Levin, Tony See King Crimson Levine, Adam See Maroon 5 Levine, James 8 Levinshefski, Drake See Paul Revere & The Raiders LeVox, Gary See Rascal Flatts Levy, Alison Faith See Loud Family, The Levy, Andrew See Brand New Heavies, The Levy, Barrington 45 Levy, Joshua See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Levy, Noah See Golden Smog Levy, Ron See Roomful of Blues Lewis, Aaron See Staind Lewis, Alex See Yellowcard Lewis, Crystal 38 Lewis, David See Paris Combo Lewis, Elliot See Average White Band Lewis, Furry 26 Lewis, Graham See Wire Lewis, Hambone See Memphis Jug Band Lewis, Heather See Beat Happening

Lewis, Kerri See Mint Condition Lewis, Laurie 56 Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Lewis, Marcia See Soul II Soul Lewis, Michael See Quicksilver Messenger Service Lewis, Mike See Yo La Tengo Lewis, Nigel See Los Lonely Boys Lewis, Otis See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Lewis, Peter See Moby Grape Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Lewis, Roger See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Also see Inner Circle Lewis, Roy See Kronos Quartet Lewis, Rudy See Drifters, The Lewis, Samuel K. See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Lewis, Shaznay T. See All Saints Lewis, Terry See Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis Lewis, Tim See Spiritualized Lewis, Willie See Fairfield Four Lhote, Morgan See Stereolab Liars 55 Libbea, Gene See Nashville Bluegrass Band Liberace 9 Liberty, Earl See Circle Jerks Libran, Tito See ESG Licht, David See Klezmatics, The Lichtenauer, Michael See Chanticleer Licitra, Salvatore 46 Lidell, Jamie 57

Lifehouse 41

Lightning Seeds 21 Ligon, Willie Joe See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Lil’ Bow Wow See Bow Wow Lil’ Jon 52 Lil’ Kim 30 Lil’ Mo 44 Lil’ Wayne 59 Liles, Brent See Social Distortion Liles, Richard See 3 Doors Down Lilienstein, Lois See Sharon, Lois & Bram Lilker, Dan See Anthrax Lilley, John See Hooters Lillywhite, Steve 13 Limeliters, The 40 Limp Bizkit 56 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lin, Jeff See Harvey Danger Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Lind, Zach See Jimmy Eat World Lindberg, Jim See Pennywise Lindberg, John See String Trio of New York Linde, Sam See Charlatans, The Lindemann, Till See Rammstein Lindes, Hal See Dire Straits Lindley, David 2 Lindner, Michael See Aqua Velvets Lindsay, Arto 53 Also see Golden Palominos Lindsay, Mark See Paul Revere & The Raiders Line, Lorie 34 Linkin Park 44 Linkous, Mark 26 Linna, Miriam See Cramps, The Linnell, John See They Might Be Giants Lins, Ivan 58 Linton, Tom See Jimmy Eat World Lipple, T.J. See Aloha

Lewis, Huey 9

Lifeson, Alex See Rush

Lippok, Robert See To Rococo Rot

Ligertwood, Alex See Average White Band

Lippok, Ronald See To Rococo Rot

Ligeti, György 50

Lipsius, Fred See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Lewis, Ian See Inner Circle Lewis, Jenny See Rilo Kiley

Liebert, Ottmar 33 Liebezeit, Jaki See Can Liesegang, Brian See Filter

Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Lightbody, Gary See Snow Patrol

Lewis, John 29

Lightfoot, Gordon 3

Lisa, Lisa 23 Lisher, Greg See Monks of Doom Lit 27 Little, Booker 36 Little, Keith See Country Gentlemen, The Little, Levi See Blackstreet Little Big Town 61 Little Eva 48 Little Feat 4 Little Richard 1 Little Texas 14 Little Walter 14 Littleton, Daniel See Ida Littleton, Michael “Miggy” See Ida Littrell, Brian See Backstreet Boys Live 14 Livgren, Kerry See Kansas Living Colour 7 Living End, The 42 Livingston, Edwin See Los Hombres Calientes Livingstone, Dandy 52 Lizárraga, Alfonso See Banda el Recodo Lizárraga, Cruz See Banda el Recodo Lizarraga, Germán See Banda el Recodo Lizárraga , Joel See Banda el Recodo L.L. Cool J 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Llanas, Sam See BoDeans Lloyd, Charles 22 Lloyd, Geoff See Matthew Good Band Lloyd, Mick See Felt Lloyd, Richard See Television Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Lo Fidelity All Stars 27 Locke, John See Spirit Lockett, Mark See Normals, The Lockhart, Keith 36 Locking, Brian See Shadows, The Lockley, Jayne See Wedding Present, The Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Locorriere, Dennis See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show

Li Puma, Tommy 18

Lodge, John See Moody Blues, The

Liquid Soul 42

Loeb, Lisa 23



Earlier sketch in CM 19 Loeffler, Joe See Chevelle Loeffler, Pete See Chevelle Loeffler, Sam See Chevelle Loesser, Frank 19 Loewe, Frederick See Lerner and Loewe Loewenstein, Jason See Sebadoh Lofgren, Nils 25 Logan, George See Alexisonfire Logan, Jack 27 Logan, Melissa See Chicks on Speed Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Logic, Laura See X-Ray Spex Logren, Lassi See Väarttinä Lohan, Lindsay 60 Lohner, Danny See Nine Inch Nails Lombardo, Dave See Slayer Lombardo, Guy 60 Lonberg-Holm, Fred See Flying Luttenbachers, The London, Frank See Klezmatics, The London, Julie 32 Lonestar 27 Loney, Roy See Flamin’ Groovies Long, Donna See Cherish the Ladies Long Beach Dub All Stars 58 Longley, Ty See Great White Lopes, Andre See Bacilos Lopes, Dick See Spiral Starecase Lopes, Lisa “Left Eye” See TLC Lopez, Angel See Son by Four Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lopez, Luis Antonio See Banda el Recodo

See Three 6 Mafia Lords of Acid 20 Lorenz, Flake See Rammstein Loria, Steve See Spirit Lorimer, Roddy See Spiritualized Also see Waterboys, The Lorson, Mary See Madder Rose Los Hombres Calientes 29 Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Los Lonely Boys 61 Los Palominos 53 Los Reyes See Gipsy Kings, The Los Straitjackets 50 Lou Dog See Kottonmouth Kings Loud Family, The 31 Loughlin, Jim See moe. Loughnane, Lee See Chicago Louison, Steve See Massive Attack Louris, Gary See Golden Smog Louris, Gary See Jayhawks, The Louvin, Charlie See Louvin Brothers, The Louvin, Ira See Louvin Brothers, The Louvin Brothers, The 12 Lovano, Joe 13 Love 34 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Darlene 46 Love, Gerry See Swizz Beatz Love, Gerry See Teenage Fanclub Love, Laura 20 Love, Mike See Beach Boys, The Love, Rollie See Beat Farmers Love, Willie See Fairfield Four Love and Rockets 15 Love Spit Love 21 Loveless, Patty 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Loverboy 46

See Pet Shop Boys Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Lowe, Victoria See Tuxedomoon Lowell, Charlie See Jars of Clay Lowenstein, Evan See Evan and Jaron Lowenstein, Jaron See Evan and Jaron Lowery, Clint See Sevendust Lowery, David See Cracker Lowry, Mark See Gaither Vocal Band Lozano, Conrad See Los Lobos L7 12 Luc See Ex, The Luca, Nick See Giant Sand Lucas, Gary See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Lucas, Jr., Harold See Clovers, The Lucas, Kirk See Northwoods Improvisers Lucas, Trevor See Fairport Convention Luccketta, Troy See Tesla Lucero 51 Lucero, Nick See Queens of the Stone Age Lucia, Paco de See de Lucia, Paco

Lumley, Dan See Screeching Weasel Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lunch, Lydia 54 Lund, Sara See Unwound Lundberg, Ebbot See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Lunsford, Bret See Beat Happening Lupo, Pat See Beaver Brown Band, The LuPone, Patti 8 Lupton, Karen See Mediaeval Baebes Lupu, Radu 36 Luscious Jackson 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lush 13 Luster, Ahrue See Machine Head Luttell, Terry See REO Speedwagon Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lyfe 58 Lyfe, DJ See Incubus

Lucia, Peter See Tommy James and the Shondells

Lynch, George See Dokken

Lopez, Mando See Breeders

Lovering, David See Cracker Also see Pixies, The

Lukin, Matt See Melvins Also see Mudhoney

Lovett, Lyle 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Lukkarinen, Jaakko See Väarttinä

Lynn, Lonnie Rashid See Common Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Lorca, Daniel See Nada Surf Lord, Jon See Deep Purple

Lymon, Frankie See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Lynam, Ron See Front Range Lynch, David See Platters, The Lynch, Dermot See Dog’s Eye View Lynch, Edele See B*Witched

Luciano 41

Lynch, Keavy See B*Witched

Luciano, Felipe See Last Poets

Lynch, Laura See Dixie Chicks

Luck, Greg See IIIrd Tyme Out

Lynch, Shane See Boyzone

Luckett, LaToya See Destiny’s Child

Lynch, Stan See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

Ludacris 38 Luening, Otto 37 Lugo, Frank See ? and the Mysterians Luke See Campbell, Luther

Lovin’ Spoonful 37

Lulu 32

Lord, Mary Lou 54

Low 37

Lord Infamous

Lowe, Chris

Lumholdt, Sara See A*Teens

Lynch, Tim See Flamin’ Groovies Lynch, Tom See Dirtbombs, The Lynes, Roy See Status Quo Lyngstad, Anni-Frid See Abba

Lynn, Vera 54

290 • Cumulative Musicians Index Lynn Morris Band 40 Lynne, Jeff 5 Also see Electric Light Orchestra Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lynott, Phil See Thin Lizzy Lynyrd Skynyrd 9 Lyons, Ken See .38 Special Lyons, Leanne “Lelee” See SWV Lyons, Richard See Negativland Lytle, Jason See Grandaddy Lyxzén, Dennis See (International M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Ma, Yo-Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Maal, Baaba 37 Maazel, Lorin 46 Mabry, Bill See Asleep at the Wheel Maccaferri, Michael See eighth blackbird MacCaniess, Michael See Ceili Rain MacColl, Ewan 49 MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 MacDermot, Galt 49 MacDonald, Barbara Kooyman See Timbuk 3 MacDonald, Eddie See Alarm MacDonald, Francis See Swizz Beatz MacDonald, Iain See Battlefield Band, The MacDonald, Pat See Timbuk 3 MacDougall, Alex See Daniel Amos Macfarlane, Lora See Sleater-Kinney MacGowan, Shane See Pogues, The MacGregor, Doug See Constantines, The MacGregor, Joanna 41 MacGuire, Martie See Dixie Chicks Maché, Robert See Continental Drifters Machine Head 32

See Kris Kross Mackay, Andy See Roxy Music Mackay, Duncan See 10cc MacKaye, Ian See Fugazi Macken, Maureen Doherty See Cherish the Ladies Mackey, Steve See Polyphonic Spree, The Mackey, Steve See Pulp Mackin, Sean See Yellowcard MacLean, Bryan See Love MacLean, Dougie See Silly Wizard MacMaster, Natalie 37 MacNeil, Kyle See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Lucy See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Michael See Simple Minds MacNeil, Rita 29 MacNeil, Sheumas See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Stewart See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Wade See Alexisonfire MacPherson, Jim See Breeders Macy, Robin See Dixie Chicks Madan, Sonya Aurora See Echobelly Madden, Benji See Good Charlotte Madden, Joanie See Cherish the Ladies Madden, Joel See Good Charlotte Madden, Mickey See Maroon 5 Madder Rose 17

MacIntosh, Bradley See S Club 7

Mael, Russell See Sparks

MacIsaac, Ashley 21

Magehee, Marty See 4Him

Mack, Gorden See Red House Painters Mack, Lonnie 37 Mack Daddy

Mader, Logan See Machine Head Madlib 48 Madness 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Mae, Michelle See Make-Up, The Mael, Ron See Sparks

Maghostut, Malachi Favors See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Magical Strings 43 Maginnis, Tom See Buffalo Tom Magnetic Fields, The 28 Magnie, John See Subdudes, The Magoogan, Wesley See English Beat, The Mahavishnu Orchestra 19 Maher, John See Buzzcocks, The Maher, Mark “Kram” See Spiderbait Mahogany, Kevin 26 Mahoney, Pat See Les Savy Fav Mahoney, Tim See 311 Maida, Raine See Our Lady Peace Maillard, Carol See Sweet Honey in the Rock Maimone, Tony See Pere Ubu Maines, Natalie See Dixie Chicks Majewski, Hank See Four Seasons, The Majidi, Armand See Sick of It All Makeba, Miriam 8 Makem, Tommy See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Make-Up, The 53 Makie, Joe See Workhorse Movement, The Makino, Kazu See Blonde Redhead Malakian, Daron See System of a Down Malcolm, Hugh See Skatalites, The Malcolm, Joy See Incognito Maldonado, Taty See El Gran Combo Male, Johnny See Republica

Malin, Jesse See D Generation

Mallonee, Bill See Vigilantes of Love Malmsteen, Yngwie 24 Malo, Raul See Mavericks, The Malone, Michelle 30 Malone, Russell 27 Malone, Tommy See Subdudes, The Malone, Tom See Blood, Sweat and Tears Malone, William See Fairfield Four Maloney, Pete See Dishwalla Also see Tonic Mamas and the Papas 21 Mami, Cheb 36 Man or Astroman? 21 Maná 37 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Harvey See Canned Heat Mandel, Johnny 28 Mandrell, Barbara 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Maness, J. D. See Desert Rose Band, The Maness, Jack See Long Beach Dub All Stars Mangione, Chuck 23 Mangum, Jeff See Neutral Milk Hotel Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Manic Street Preachers 27 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mankey, Jim See Concrete Blonde Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Mann, Barry 30 Mann, Billy 23 Mann, Bob See Mountain Mann, Herbie 16 Mannheim Steamroller See Chip Davis Manning, Chris See Jellyfish Manning, Roger See Jellyfish Manninger, Hank See Aqua Velvets

Malinowski, Jay See Bedouin Soundclash

Mannings, Leo See Savoy Brown

Malins, Mike See Goo Goo Dolls, The

Manny, Nate See Murder City Devils

Malkmus, Stephen See Pavement

Manson, John See Swan Silvertones, The

Malley, Matt See Counting Crows

Manson, Marilyn See Marilyn Manson

Mallinder, Stephen See Cabaret Voltaire

Manson, Shirley See Garbage

Malfitano, Catherine 45 Malherbe, Didier See Gong Malik B. See Roots, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Mansun 30 Manuel, Richard See Band, The Many, Trey See His Name Is Alive Manzanera, Phil See Roxy Music Manzarek, Ray See Doors, The Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Marazzi, Paul See A1 Marc 7 See Jurassic 5 March, Kevin See Shudder to Think Marcy Playground 31 Marhevka, Glenn See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marie, Buffy Sainte See Sainte-Marie, Buffy Marienthal, Eric See Rippingtons Marilyn Manson 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Marin, Carlos See Il Divo Marin, Wendy See Christafari Marine, Mitch See Brave Combo Marine, Mitch See Tripping Daisy Marini, Lou, Jr. See Blood, Sweat and Tears Marinos, Jimmy See Romantics, The Mario 55 Marker, Steve See Garbage Marks, Toby See De Gaia, Banco Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Damian 39 Marley, Rita 10 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Marnik, Matthew See Hot Hot Heat Maroon, Paul See Walkmen, The Maroon 5 54 Marquez, Carlos See Aterciopelados Marquis, Del See Scissor Sisters Marr, Johnny See Modest Mouse Marr, Johnny See Smiths, The Also see The The

See Golden Smog Mars, Chris See Replacements, The Mars, Derron See Less Than Jake Mars, Mick See Mötley Crüe Mars, Ruby See Rocket from the Crypt Mars, Thomas See Phoenix Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Jason See Los Hombres Calientes Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Marsh, Ian Craig See Human League, The Marsh, Randy See Northwoods Improvisers Marshal, Cornel See Third World Marshall, Amanda 27 Marshall, Arik See Red Hot Chili Peppers Marshall, Brian See Creed Marshall, Chan See Cat Power Marshall, David Alan See Chanticleer Marshall, Jeff See Clem Snide Marshall, Jenell See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Marshall, Jeremy See Cold Marshall, John See Soft Machine Marshall, Steve See Gene Loves Jezebel Marshall Tucker Band 43 Mars Volta, The 55 Martensen, Vic See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Martha and the Vandellas 25 Martin, Barbara See Supremes, The


Martin, Bardi See Candlebox

See Supersuckers Martin, George 6 Martin, Greg See Kentucky Headhunters, The Martin, Janis 59 Martin, Jason See Starflyer 59 Martin, Jeff See Tea Party Martin, Jimmy 5 Also see Osborne Brothers, The Martin, Jim See Faith No More Martin, Johnney See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Martin, Jordan See Great White Martin, Kevin See Candlebox Martin, Luci See Chic Martin, Mary 27 Martin, Phonso See Steel Pulse Martin, Ricky 26 Martin, Ronnie See Joy Electric Martin, Sarah See Belle and Sebastian Martin, Sennie See Kool & the Gang Martin, Tony See Black Sabbath Martinez, Angie 43 Martinez, Anthony See Black Flag Martinez, Christina See Boss Hog Martinez, Cliff See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Martinez, Cruz See Kumbia Kings Martinez, Jose See Banda el Recodo Martinez, Robert See ? and the Mysterians Martinez, S. A. See 311 Martini, Jerry See Sly & the Family Stone Martino, Pat 17

Martin, Barrett See Screaming Trees

Martsch, Doug See Built to Spill

Martin, Billy See Good Charlotte

Martyn, John 43

Martin, Carl See Shai Martin, Christopher See Kid ’n Play Martin, Chris See Coldplay

Marvin, Hank B. See Shadows, The

See Boston Mase 27 Masekela, Hugh 7 Maseo See De La Soul Masi, Nick See Four Seasons, The Mason, Bob See Fugs, The Mason, Dave See Fleetwood Mac Also see Traffic Mason, Nick See Pink Floyd Mason, Stephen See Beta Band, The Mason, Steve See Jars of Clay Mason, Terry See Joy Division Masse, Laurel See Manhattan Transfer, The Massey, Bobby See O’Jays, The Massey, Graham See 808 State Massi, Nick See Four Seasons, The Massive Attack 17 Masta Ace 40 Mastelotto, Pat See King Crimson Master D See Asian Dub Foundation Master Gee See Sugarhill Gang Master P 22 Masur, Kurt 11 Matchbox 20 27 Material See Laswell, Bill Matheson, David See Moxy Früvous Mathias, Nathaniel “Jerry” See Toots and the Maytals Mathis, Johnny 2 Mathosa, Lebo 61 Mathus, Jim See Squirrel Nut Zippers Matisyahu 59 Matlock, Glen See Sex Pistols, The Maïtra, Shyamal See Gong Matronic, Ana See Scissor Sisters Matsui, Keiko 35

Marx, Richard 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Matsuzaki, Satomi See Deerhoof

Mary Mary 39 Mascagni, Pietro 25

Mattacks, Dave See Fairport Convention

Marriner, Neville 7

Martin, Dean 1

Mascherino, Fred See Taking Back Sunday

Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Marriott, Steve See Humble Pie

Martin, Dewey See Buffalo Springfield

Mascis, J See Dinosaur Jr.

Matterson, J. B. See Dixie Hummingbirds, The

Mars, Chris

Martin, Eric

Masdea, Jim

Matthew Good Band 34

292 • Cumulative Musicians Index Matthews, Cerys See Catatonia Matthews, Chris See Shudder to Think Matthews, Dave See Dave Matthews Band Matthews, Donna Lorraine See Elastica Matthews, Eric 22 Matthews, Ian See Fairport Convention Matthews, Monty See Jordanaires, The Matthews, Patrick See Vines, The Matthews, Quinn See Butthole Surfers Matthews, Scott See Butthole Surfers Matthews, Simon See Jesus Jones Matthews, Winston “Pipe” See Wailing Souls Matthews Jr., Bill See Jordanaires, The Matthews Jr., Neal See Jordanaires, The Mattila, Karita 48 Mattock, Jon See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Matz, Peter 43 Maunick, Bluey See Incognito Maurer, Gary See Hem Maurer, John See Social Distortion Mauriat, Paul 60 Mavericks, The 15 Maxi Jazz See Faithless Maxwell 22 Maxwell, Charmayne See Brownstone Maxwell, Russ See Molly Hatchet Maxwell, Tom See Squirrel Nut Zippers May, Brian See Nields, The May, Brian See Queen May, Derrick 51 May, Phil See Pretty Things, The Mayall, John 7 Mayer, John 46

See Kool & the Gang Mazelle, Kym See Soul II Soul Mazibuko, Abednego See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mazibuko, Albert See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mazur, Epic See Crazy Town Mazzalai, Christian See Phoenix Mazzola, Joey See Sponge Mazzy Star 17 Mboup, Assane See Orchestra Baobab Mboup, Laye See Orchestra Baobab MC Breed 17 MC Clever See Digital Underground MC Eiht 27 MC Eric See Technotronic M.C. Hammer See Hammer, M.C. MC Lyte 8 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 M.C. Ren See N.W.A. MC Serch 10 MCA See Yauch, Adam McAdorey, Michelle See Crash Vegas McAlister, James See Pedro the Lion McAllister, Laurie See Runaways, The McAloon, Martin See Prefab Sprout McAloon, Paddy See Prefab Sprout McArthur, Keith See Spearhead McAuley, Mick See Solas McBay, Clint See Chainsaw Kittens, The McBoutie, Rip See Lane, Fred McBrain, Nicko See Iron Maiden McBrayer, Jody See Avalon McBride, Christian 17 McBride, Martina 52 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Mayer, John 50

McBride, Michael See Raspberries

Mayfield, Curtis 8 Also see Impressions, The Mayfield, Irvin See Los Hombres Calientes Mayock, Emer See Afro Celt Sound System Mays, Odeen, Jr.

McCabe, Nick See Verve, The McCabe, Zia See Dandy Warhols

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Sounds of Blackness McCall, Sam See Slobberbone McCall, Scott See Two Dollar Pistols McCandless, Paul See Oregon McCandless, Sam See Cold McCann, Lila 26 McCann, Séan See Great Big Sea McCarl, Scott See Raspberries McCarrick, Martin See Siouxsie and the Banshees McCarroll, Tony See Oasis McCarthy, Gavin See Karate McCarthy, Nick See Franz Ferdinand McCarthy, Stephen See Jayhawks, The McCartney, Jesse 60 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCarty, Jim See Yardbirds, The McCary, Michael S. See Boyz II Men McCaslin, Jason “Core” See Sum 41 McCaughan, Mac See Superchunk McCaughey, Scott 31 McCaughey, Scott See Minus 5, The McClain, Dave See Machine Head McClary, Thomas See Commodores, The McClelland, Mark See Snow Patrol McClennan, Tommy 25 McClinton, Delbert 14

See Superchunk McCook, Tommy See Skatalites, The McCorkle, George See Marshall Tucker Band McCorkle, Susannah 27 McCormack, Phil See Molly Hatchet McCormick, Gary See Exploited, The McCoury, Del 15 McCowin, Michael See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The McCoy, Neal 15 McCoys, The 49 McCracken, Chet See Doobie Brothers, The McCrary, Sam See Fairfield Four McCray, Lane See La Bouche McCrea, John See Cake McCready, Mike See Pearl Jam McCready, Mindy 22 McCreeth, Andy See Blue Aeroplanes, The McCullagh, John See Divine Comedy, The McCulloch, Andrew See King Crimson McCulloch, Ian 23 Also see Echo and the Bunnymen McCullough, Danny See Animals, The McCurdy, Xan See Cake McCusker, John See Battlefield Band, The McCutcheon, Ian See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive McD, Jimmy See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack McDaniel, Chris See Confederate Railroad

McCloud, Scott See Girls Against Boys

McDaniels, Darryl “D” See Run DMC

McClurkin, Donnie 52 Earlier sketch in CM 35

McDermott, Brian See Del Amitri

McCluskey, Andy See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark

McDermott, John See Irish Tenors, The

McColgan, Mike See Dropkick Murphys

McDonald, “Country Joe” See Country Joe and the Fish

McCollum, Rick See Afghan Whigs

McDonald, Gene See Florida Boys, The

McCombs, Doug See Tortoise

McDonald, Hugh See Bon Jovi

McConnell, Page See Phish

McDonald, Ian See Foreigner Also see King Crimson

McCain, Edwin 35

McCoo, Marilyn See Fifth Dimension

McCall, Renee

McCook, Jack

McDonald, Audra 36

McDonald, Jeff See Redd Kross

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 McDonald, Lloyd “Bread” See Wailing Souls McDonald, Michael 59 McDonald, Michael See Doobie Brothers, The McDonald, Richie See Lonestar McDonald, Steven See Redd Kross McDorman, Joe See Statler Brothers, The McDougall, Don See Guess Who McDowell, Hugh See Electric Light Orchestra McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McDowell, Smilin’ Jay See BR5-49 McDuffie, Chris See Apples in Stereo McElhaney, Kevin See Chainsaw Kittens, The McElhone, John See Texas McElroy, Sollie See Flamingos, The McEntire, John See Sea and Cake, The McEntire, John See Tortoise McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McErlaine, Ally See Texas McEuen, John See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The McFadden, Bryan See Westlife McFarlane, Elaine See Mamas and the Papas McFee, John See Doobie Brothers, The McFerrin, Bobby 3 McFessel, Sean See Cake MC5, The 9 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGearly, James See Christian Death McGee, Brian See Simple Minds McGee, Jerry See Ventures, The McGeoch, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees McGerr, Jason See Death Cab for Cutie McGill, Lucius See Dells, The

See Audio Adrenaline McGough , Danny See Shivaree McGrath, Mark See Sugar Ray McGrath, Sean See Saves the Day McGraw, Tim 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 McGuigan, Paul See Oasis McGuinn, Jim See McGuinn, Roger McGuinn, Roger 35 Also see Byrds, The McGuinness See Lords of Acid McGuire, Andy See Spoon McGuire, Barry 45 McGuire, Christine See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire, Dorothy See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire, Mike See Shenandoah McGuire, Phyllis See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire Sisters, The 27 McIntosh, Robbie See Average White Band McIntosh, Robbie See Pretenders, The McIntyre, Jim See Apples in Stereo McIntyre, Joey 34 Also see New Kids on the Block McIntyre, Owen “Onnie” See Average White Band McJohn, Goldy See Steppenwolf McKagan, Duff See Guns n’ Roses McKahey, Liam See Cousteau McKay, Al See Earth, Wind and Fire McKay, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees McKay, Nellie 61 McKean, Michael See Spinal Tap McKee, Julius See Dirty Dozen Brass Band McKee, Maria 11 McKeehan, Toby See dc Talk McKenna, Greg See Letters to Cleo

McGill, Michael See Dells, The

McKenna, Lori 54

McGinley, Raymond See Swizz Beatz

McKenzie, Christina “Licorice” See Incredible String Band

McGinley, Raymond See Teenage Fanclub McGinniss, Will

McKennitt, Loreena 24

Cumulative Musicians Index • 293 See Mamas and the Papas McKeown, Erin 57 McKernan, Ron “Pigpen” See Grateful Dead, The McKinney, Andy See Molly Hatchet McKinney, William See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16 McKinnon, Clinton See Mr. Bungle McKnight, Brian 22 McKnight III, Claude V. See Take 6 McLachlan, Sarah 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLagan, Ian See Faces, The McLaren, Malcolm 23 McLaughlin, David See Lynn Morris Band McLaughlin, John 12 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra McLean, A. J. See Backstreet Boys McLean, Dave 24 McLean, Don 7 McLean, Jackie 41 McLean, John See Beta Band, The McLemore, Lamonte See Fifth Dimension McLennan, Grant 21 Also see Go-Betweens, The McLeod, Rory See Roomful of Blues McLoughlin, Jon See Del Amitri McMackin, Bryon See Pennywise McMahan, Brian See Slint McMeel, Mickey See Three Dog Night McMurray, Rick See Ash McMurtry, James 10 McNabb, Sean See Great White McNabb, Travis See Better Than Ezra McNabb, Travis See Vigilantes of Love McNair, Sylvia 15 McNally, James See Afro Celt Sound System McNally, Joe See Voodoo Glow Skulls McNally, John See Searchers, The McNally, Ste See BBMak

See Aereogramme McNeilly, Mac See Jesus Lizard McNew, James See Yo La Tengo McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McPhatter, Clyde 25 Also see Drifters, The McPherson, Graham “Suggs” See Madness McPherson, Scott See Sense Field McPherson, Todd See Kingsmen, The McQuater, Matthew See Clovers, The McQuillar, Shawn See Kool & the Gang McRae, Carmen 9 McReynolds, Jesse See McReynolds, Jim and Jesse McReynolds, Jim and Jesse 12 McReynolds, Jim See McReynolds, Jim and Jesse McRobbie, Stephen See Pastels, The McShane, Bill See Ultimate Fakebook McShane, Ronnie See Chieftains, The McShann, Jay 41 McShee, Jacqui See Pentangle McSpadden, Gary See Imperials, The McTaggert, Ed See Daniel Amos McTell, Blind Willie 17 McVie, Christine 53 Also see Fleetwood Mac McVie, John See Fleetwood Mac McVinnie, Duke See Shivaree McWhinney, James See Big Mountain McWhinney, Joaquin See Big Mountain Mdletshe, Geophrey See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mead, Chuck See BR5-49 Meade, Tyson See Chainsaw Kittens, The Meadham, Steve See Los Lonely Boys Meagher, Ron See Beau Brummels Meat Loaf 12 Meat Puppets, The 13

McNeely, Big Jay 37

Medeles, Jose See Breeders

McKenzie, Derrick See Jamiroquai

McNeill, Brian See Battlefield Band, The

Medeski, John See Medeski, Martin & Wood

McKenzie, Scott

McNeill, Campbell

Medeski, Martin & Wood 32

294 • Cumulative Musicians Index Mediaeval Baebes 47 Medley, Bill 3 Medlock, James See Soul Stirrers, The Meehan, Tony See Shadows, The Meek, Joe 46 Meeks, Travis See Days of the New Megadeth 9 Mehldau, Brad 27 Mehta, Zubin 11 Meifert, Arnulf See Faust Meine, Klaus See Scorpions, The Meisner, Randy See Eagles, The Mekons, The 15 Melanie 12 Melax, Einar See Sugarcubes, The Melcher, Terry 53 Melchiondo, Mickey See Ween Melin, Eric See Ultimate Fakebook Mellencamp, John 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mellinger, Anne See Beulah Mellino, Iza See Les Négresses Vertes Mellino, Stéfane See Les Négresses Vertes Meloy, Colin See Decemberists, The Melton, Barry See Country Joe and the Fish Melvin, Eric See NOFX Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Melvoin, Jonathan See Smashing Pumpkins Memphis Jug Band 25 Memphis Minnie 25 Men at Work 34 Menck, Ric See Velvet Crush Mendel, Nate See Foo Fighters Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Mendes, Sergio 40 Mendoza, Lydia 56 Mengede, Peter See Helmet Menken, Alan 10 Menotti, Gian Carlo 37 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Menz, Junior See Paragons, The

Mercer, James See Shins, The Mercer, Jerry See April Wine Mercer, Johnny 13 Merchant, Jimmy See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Merchant, Natalie 25 Also see 10,000 Maniacs Mercier, Peadar See Chieftains, The Mercurio, Robert See Galactic Mercury, Freddie See Queen Mercury Rev 28 MercyMe 56 Merman, Ethel 27 Merrick, Bryn See Damned, The Merrill, Robbie See Godsmack Merritt, Brad See 54-40 Merritt, Cari Lee 50 Merritt, Stephin See Magnetic Fields, The Merritt, Tift 52 Mertens, Paul See Poi Dog Pondering Merzbow 31 Mesaros, Michael See Smithereens, The Messe, Dan See Hem Messecar, Dek See Caravan Messina, Jim See Buffalo Springfield Messina, Jo Dee 26 Messina, Joe See Funk Brothers Metallica 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Meteors, The 61 Methembu, Russel See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Method Man 31 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Mettler, Darren See O.C. Supertones, The Metzger, Mark See Chainsaw Kittens, The Mew, Sharon See Elastica Meyer, Edgar 40

Menza, Nick See Megadeth

Meyer, Eric See Charm Farm

Mercado, Scott See Candlebox

Meyers, Augie See Texas Tornados, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 MF Doom 54 Mhaonaigh, Mairead Ni See Altan Mhire, Jeremy See Plus One Michael, George 49 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Michael, Tom See SonicFlood Michaels, Bret See Poison Michaels, Dan See Adam Again Michel, Luke See Emmet Swimming Michel, Prakazrel “Pras” See Fugees, The Michele, Riki See Adam Again Michiles, Malcolm See Citizen King Mickens, Robert See Kool & the Gang Middlebrook, Ralph “Pee Wee” See Ohio Players Middleton, Darren See Powderfinger Middleton, Malcolm See Arab Strap Middleton, Mark See Blackstreet Midler, Bette 50 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Midnight Oil 11 Midon, Raul 57 Midori 7 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Mighty Clouds of Joy, The 17 Miguel, Luis 34 Mihm, Danny See Flamin’ Groovies Mike D See Diamond, Michael Mike & the Mechanics 17 Mikens, Dennis See Smithereens, The Mikens, Robert See Kool & the Gang Milchem, Glenn See Blue Rodeo Miles, Chris See Northern Lights Miles, David See ESG Miles, Richard See Soul Stirrers, The Miles, Ron 22 Milian, Christina 53

See O-Town Miller, David See Asleep at the Wheel Miller, David See Il Divo Miller, Frankie 59 Miller, Glenn 6 Miller, Jacob “Killer” See Inner Circle Miller, Jerry See Moby Grape Miller, Julie 55 Miller, Keith See Elms, The Miller, Kevin See Fuel Miller, Marcus 38 Miller, Mark See Sawyer Brown Miller, Mitch 11 Miller, Rhett See Old 97’s Miller, Rice See Williamson, Sonny Boy Miller, Rick See Southern Culture on the Skids Miller, Robert See Supertramp Miller, Roger 4 Miller, Roger See Alloy Orchestra Miller, Roger See Mission of Burma Miller, Ryan See Guster Miller, Scott See Loud Family, The Miller, Steve 2 Milli Vanilli 4 Milliken, Catherine See Ensemble Modern Mills, Bryan See Divine Comedy, The Mills, Crispian See Kula Shaker Mills, Donald See Mills Brothers, The Mills, Fred See Canadian Brass, The

Millar, Deborah See Massive Attack

Mills, Mike See R.E.M.

Millard, Bart See MercyMe

Mills, Sidney See Steel Pulse

Miller, Buddy 31

Mills, Stephanie 21

Miller, Charles See War

Mills Brothers, The 14

Miller, Dan

Mills, Harry See Mills Brothers, The Mills, Herbert See Mills Brothers, The Mills, John, Jr. See Mills Brothers, The Mills, John, Sr. See Mills Brothers, The

Milo, Nick See Tower of Power

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Milone, Dave See Radio 4 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Milton, Doctor See Alien Sex Fiend Minekawa, Takako 53 Mingis, Chuck See Days of the New Mingus, Charles 9 Ministry 10 Minnelli, Liza 19 Minns, Danielle See Minty Minogue, Kylie 32 Minott, Sugar 31 Mint Condition 29 Minton, Phil 29 Minty 32 Minus 5, The 51 Minutemen, The 31 Mirabal, Robert 45 Miranda, Freddi See El Gran Combo Misfits, The 32 Miskulin, Joey “The Cowpolka King” See Riders in the Sky Miss Kier Kirby See Lady Miss Kier Missing Persons 39 Mission of Burma 51 Mister Rogers See Rogers, Fred Mistry, Jagdish See Ensemble Modern Mitchell, Alex See Curve Mitchell, Billy See Clovers, The Mitchell, Bruce See Durutti Column, The Mitchell, Burt See Ceili Rain Mitchell, Dryden See Alien Ant Farm Mitchell, Elizabeth See Ida Mitchell, John See Asleep at the Wheel Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mitchell, Katrina See Pastels, The

Mizell, Jay “Jam Master Jay” See Run DMC Mizrahi, Sylvain See New York Dolls, The Mo’, Keb’ 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Moberley, Gary See Sweet Moby 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Moby Grape 12 Mochiach, Rea See Gogol Bordello Modeliste, Joseph “Zigaboo” See Meters, The Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 moe. 34 Moerlen, Pierre See Gong Moffat, Aidan See Arab Strap Moffatt, Gary See .38 Special Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Moffo, Anna 59 Moginie, Jim See Midnight Oil Mogwai 27 Mohan, John See Felt Mohr, Avion See Christafari Mohr, Mark See Christafari Mohr, Todd See Big Head Todd and the Monsters Mojave 3 26 Molina, Juana 53 Molino, Vincent See Radio Tarifa Molko, Brian See Placebo Molla, Chris See Monks of Doom Molland, Joey See Badfinger Molloy, Matt See Chieftains, The Molly Hatchet 37

M-1 See Dead Prez Money, Bob See Jordanaires, The Money, Eddie 16 Money B See Digital Underground Mongush, Andrey See Huun-Huur-Tu Monheit, Jane 33 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monifah 24 Monk, Meredith 57 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Monk, Thelonious 6 Monkees, The 7 Monks of Doom 28 Monro, Diane See String Trio of New York Monroe, Bill 1 Monster, Drunkness See Len Monster Magnet 39 Montana, Country Dick See Beat Farmers Montana, Patsy 38 Montana, Tony See Great White Montand, Yves 12 Monte, Marisa 38 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Montenegro, Pilar 52 Montes, George See Son by Four Montes, Javier See Son by Four Montgomery, Eddie See Montgomery Gentry Montgomery, John Michael 14 Montgomery, Ken “Dimwit” See D.O.A. Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Montgomery, Wes 3 Montgomery Gentry 34 Monti, Steve See Curve Montoya, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Montoya, Craig See Everclear Montrose, Ronnie 22

Moloko 37

Montroy, Roy See Resurrection Band

Mitchell, Keith See Mazzy Star

Moloney, Paddy See Chieftains, The

Mitchell, Mike See Kingsmen, The

Molotov 47

Mitchell, Mitch See Guided By Voices

Monahan, Pat See Train

Mitchell, Roscoe See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The

Monahan, Thom See Pernice Brothers

Mittoo, Jackie See Skatalites, The Mize, Ben See Counting Crows


Momus 47

Monarch, Michael See Steppenwolf

Montsalvatge, Xavier 39 Moody, Ben See Evanescence

See Who, The Moondog 55 Mooney, Malcolm See Can Mooney, Michael See Spiritualized Mooney, Tim See American Music Club Moonglows, The 33 Moor, Davey Ray See Cousteau Moore, Alan See Judas Priest Moore, Angelo See Fishbone Moore, Archie See Velocity Girl Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Geoff 43 Moore, Glen See Oregon Moore, Johnny “Dizzy” See Skatalites, The Moore, Johnny See Drifters, The Moore, Josh See Caedmon’s Call Moore, Kevin See Dream Theater Moore, LeRoi See Dave Matthews Band Moore, Lisa See Bang on a Can All-Stars Moore, Mandy 35 Moore, Melba 7 Moore, Russell See IIIrd Tyme Out Moore, Sam See Sam and Dave Moore, Sean See Manic Street Preachers Moore, Stanton See Galactic Moore, Thurston See Sonic Youth Moore, Undine Smith 40 Moorer, Allison 40 Moorse, Kiki See Chicks on Speed M.O.P. 34 Morales, Angela See Na Leo Morales, Armond See Imperials, The Morales, Mark See Fat Boys, The

Moody, James 34

Morales, Richie See Spyro Gyra

Moody, Spencer See Murder City Devils

Morales, Rudy See Rumba Club

Moody Blues, The 18

Moran, Jason 44

Moog, Robert A. 46

Morand, Grace See Chenille Sisters, The

Monasterio, Juan See Brainiac

Moon, Doug See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Monch, Pharoahe 29

Moon, Keith

Moraz, Patrick See Moody Blues, The Also see Yes

296 • Cumulative Musicians Index Morcheeba 25 Moré, Beny 57 Moreira, Airto 44 Also see Weather Report Morello, Tom See Audioslave Also see Rage Against the Machine Moreno, Chino See Deftones Moreno, Jorge 54 Moreno-Primeau, Soni See Ulali Moretti, Fabrizio See Strokes, The Moreve, Rushton See Steppenwolf Morgan, Brad See Drive-By Truckers Morgan, Cindy 36 Morgan, Craig 61 Morgan, Frank 9 Morgan, Jane 30 Morgan, John Russell See Steppenwolf Morgan, Lorrie 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Morgan, Scott See Destroyer Morgenstein, Rod See Dixie Dregs Morginsky, Matt See O.C. Supertones, The Mori, Ikue 55 Morisey, Dick See Soft Machine Morissette, Alanis 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Morley, Pat See Soul Asylum Moro 38 Moron, Monty Oxy See Damned, The Morphine 29 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Morris, Keith See Circle Jerks, The Morris, Kenny See Siouxsie and the Banshees Morris, Lynn See Lynn Morris Band Morris, Nate See Boyz II Men Morris, Paul See Rainbow Morris, Roger See Psychedelic Furs Morris, Scotty See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Morris, Stephen See Joy Division Also see New Order Also see Pogues, The Morris, Wanya


See Boyz II Men Morrison, Bram See Sharon, Lois & Bram Morrison, Claude See Nylons, The Morrison, Jim 3 Also see Doors, The Morrison, Lindy See Go-Betweens, The Morrison, Patricia See Damned, The Morrison, Sterling See Velvet Underground, The Morrison, Travis See Dismemberment Plan Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morriss, Mark James See Bluetones, The Morriss, Reginald Ilanthriy See Bluetones, The Morrissett, Paul See Klezmatics, The Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Morrissey, Bill 12 Morrissey, Steven Patrick See Morrissey Morrow, Stuart See New Model Army Morse, Steve See Dixie Dregs Morton, Everett See English Beat, The Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Morvan, Fab See Milli Vanilli Mos Def 41 Mosbaugh, Garth See Nylons, The Moscheo, Joe See Imperials, The Moseley, Keith See String Cheese Incident, The Mosely, Chuck See Faith No More Mosely, Pete See Yellowcard Moser, Scott “Cactus” See Ceili Rain Also see Highway 101 Mosher, Ken See Squirrel Nut Zippers Mosley, Bob See Moby Grape Moss, Ian See Cold Chisel

See Devo Mothersbaugh, Mark See Devo Motörhead 10 Mott the Hoople 31 Motta, Danny See Roomful of Blues Mottola, Tommy 36 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Moulding, Colin See XTC Mounfield, Gary See Stone Roses, The Mounir, Mohamed 48 Mountain 30 Mountain Goats, The 51 Mouquet, Eric See Deep Forest Mouse On Mars 32 Mouskouri, Nana 12 Mouzon, Alphonse See Weather Report Moves, DJ See Len Mowatt, Judy 46 Moxy Früvous 45 Moye, Famoudou Don See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Moyet, Alison 12 Moyse, David See Air Supply Mozetich, Marjan 55 Mr. Bungle 58 Mr. Dalvin See Jodeci Mr. Greenweedz See Liquid Soul Mraz, Jason 52 Mørk, Truls 38 Mr. T Experience, The 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mthembu, Russel See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mötley Crüe 35 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 M2M 42 Mudhoney 16 Mudvayne 42

Moss, Jason See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies

Muir, Mike See Suicidal Tendencies

Moss, John See Culture Club

Muldaur, Maria 18

Murray, Dee See Spencer Davis Group

Mulholland, Dave See Aztec Camera

Murray, Don See Turtles, The

Most, Mickie 29

Mullen, Larry, Jr. See U2

Murray, Jim See Imperials, The

Mothersbaugh, Bob

Mullen, Mary

Murray, Jim

Moss, Jon See Damned, The

Mueller, Karl See Soul Asylum Muhammad, Idris 40 Mui, Anita 48 Muir, Jamie See King Crimson

See Congo Norvell Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Muller, Dean See Cosmic Psychos Mulligan, Declan See Beau Brummels Mulligan, Gerry 16 Mullins, Rich 35 Mullins, Shawn 33 Mulreany, Paul See Blue Aeroplanes, The Mulvanerty, Joseph See Black 47 Mulvey, Peter 59 Múm 50 Muncey, Cameron See Jet Mundell, Wyndorf See Monster Magnet Munson, John See Semisonic Murcia, Billy See New York Dolls Murder City Devils 42 Murdoch, Stuart See Belle and Sebastian Murdock, Roger See King Missile Murph See Dinosaur Jr. Murphey, Michael Martin 9 Murphy, Brigid See Poi Dog Pondering Murphy, Chris See Sloan Murphy, Dan See Golden Smog Murphy, Dan See Soul Asylum Murphy, John See Gene Loves Jezebel Murphy, Michael See REO Speedwagon Murphy, Patrick See Gaelic Storm Murphy, Peter 22 Also see Bauhaus Murphy, Roisin See Moloko Murray, Anne 4 Murray, Ariana See Earlimart Murray, Dave See Iron Maiden Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Quicksilver Messenger Service Murray, Randy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Murray-Leslie, Alex See Chicks on Speed Musburger, Mike See Fastbacks, The Musburger, Mike See Supersuckers Muse 40 Mushok, Mike See Staind Mushroom See Massive Attack Music Revelation Ensemble 43 Musiq 40 Musiq Soulchild See Musiq Musselwhite, Charlie 13 Mustaine, Dave See Megadeth Also see Metallica Mutchler, Billy See Samples Muti, Riccardo 56 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 Mwelase, Jabulane See Ladysmith Black Mambazo MxPx 33 My Bloody Valentine 29 My Chemical Romance 56 My Morning Jacket 46 Mya 32 Mydland, Brent See Grateful Dead, The Myers, Alan See Devo Myles, Alannah 4 Myles, John H. See Swan Silvertones, The Myrdhin See Afro Celt Sound System Mystic Revealers 16 Mystikal 29 Myton, Cedric See Congos, The Myung, John See Dream Theater ’N Sync 25 Na Leo 38 Nada Surf 57 Na’dirah See Arrested Development Naess, Leona 46 Naftalin, Mark See Quicksilver Messenger Service Nagler, Eric 8 Najee 21 Najma 39 Nakai, R. Carlos 24 Nakamura, Dan “The Automator” See Gorillaz Nakamura, Tetsuya “Tex” See War

Nakatami, Michie See Shonen Knife Naked, Bif 29 Naked, Dave See Screeching Weasel Nana See Rasputina Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Also see AMM Nance, Todd See Widespread Panic Nando See Kumbia Kings Nanji, Mato See Indigenous Napolitano, Johnette See Concrete Blonde Nappy Roots 46 Narcizo, David See Throwing Muses Nas 49 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Nascimento, Milton 6 Nash, Graham See Crosby, Stills, and Nash Also see Hollies, The Nash, Leigh See Sixpence None the Richer Nash, Mark See PFR Nash, Nasher See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Nashville Bluegrass Band 14 Nasta, Ken See Royal Trux Nastanovich, Bob See Pavement Naté, Ultra 34 Nate Dogg 51 Nathaniel, Tobias See Black Heart Procession Naughton, Naturi See 3LW Naughty by Nature 11 Navarro, David See Jane’s Addiction Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers Navarro Fats 25 Nawasadio, Sylvie See Zap Mama Nazworthy, Dave See Down By Law N.D. See Rocket from the Crypt Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 N’Diaye, Baro See Orchestra Baobab N’Diaye, Charlie See Orchestra Baobab N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab

Cumulative Musicians Index • 297 See His Name Is Alive Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Needham, Margie See Chordettes, The Neel, Johnny See Allman Brothers, The Negativland 30 Negron, Chuck See Three Dog Night Negroni, Joe See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Nehra, Andrew See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Nehra, Michael See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Neil, Chris See Less Than Jake Neil, Fred 42 Neil, Vince See Mötley Crüe Nelly 40 Nelson, Brett See Built to Spill Nelson, Brian See Velocity Girl Nelson, David See Last Poets Nelson, Errol “Jay” See Black Uhuru Nelson, Gabe See Cake Nelson, George See Orioles, The Nelson, Nate See Flamingos, The Also see Platters, The Nelson, Peter See New Model Army Nelson, Rick 2 Nelson, Sean See Harvey Danger Nelson, Shara See Massive Attack Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neptunes, The 45 Nero, Peter 19

See Sugarland Neu! 32 Neudorf, Darryl See 54-40 Neufeld, Paul See NOJO Neufville, Renee See Zhane Neumann, Kurt See BoDeans Neurosis 28 Neutral Milk Hotel 31 Nevarez, Alfred See All-4-One Nevil, Robbie 61 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville, Art See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville, Charles See Neville Brothers, The Neville, Cyril See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville Brothers, The 4 Nevin, Brian See Big Head Todd and the Monsters New Found Glory 50 New Kids on the Block 3 New Model Army 35 New Order 11 New Pornographers 57 New Rhythm and Blues Quartet See NRBQ Newbury, Mickey 44 Newell, Ryan See Sister Hazel Newfield, Heidi See Trick Pony New Grass Revival, The 4 Newman, Bryan See Saves the Day Newman, Carl See New Pornographers Newman, Colin See Wire Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Newmann, Kurt See BoDeans, The

Nershi, Bill See String Cheese Incident, The

New Radicals, The 57

Nesbitt, John See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers

Newsham, Sean See Quickspace

Nesby, Ann 57

Newsom, Joanna 61

Nesmith, Mike See Monkees, The

Newson, Arlene See Poi Dog Pondering

Ness, Mike See Social Distortion

NewSong 56

Netrebko, Anna 49

Ndugu See Weather Report

Netson, Brett See Built to Spill Also see Caustic Resin

Neal, Karen

Nettles, Jennifer

Newsboys, The 24

Newsted, Jason See Flotsam and Jetsam Newsted, Jason See Metallica Newton, Colin See Idlewild


Nicol, Simon See Fairport Convention

Nielsen, Rick See Cheap Trick Nielsen, Tim See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Nielson, Sherrill See Imperials, The Night, Candice See Rainbow Nightmares on Wax 51 Nightnoise 45 Nijholt, Nico See Willem Breuker Kollektief Nikleva, Steven See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Nile, Willie 31 Niles, Prescott See Knack, The Nilija, Robert See Last Poets Nilsson, Birgit 31 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Nine Inch Nails 56 Earlier sketch in CM 29 98 Degrees 32 Nino B See Kumbia Kings Nino Tempo & April Stevens 47 Nirvana 8 Nisbett, Steve “Grizzly” See Steel Pulse Nishino, Kohji See Ghost Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Nitzberg, Aric See Caedmon’s Call Nixon, Mojo 32 No Doubt 42 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Nobacon, Danbert “The Cat” See Chumbawamba Nocentelli, Leo See Meters, The Nockels, Christy See Watermark Nockels, Nathan See Watermark Noecker, Pat See Liars

Nicolay, Franz See Hold Steady, The

Noel, Patrick See Beulah

Nicolette See Massive Attack

NOFX 28

Newton, Juice 37 Newton, Paul See Uriah Heep Newton, Wayne 2 Newton-Davis, Billy See Nylons, The Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 New York Dolls, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Niacin 51 Nibbs, Lloyd See Skatalites, The Niblock, Phill 43 Niccals, Murdoc See Gorillaz Nichol, Al See Turtles, The Nicholas, James Dean “J.D.” See Commodores, The Nicholls, Craig See Vines, The Nicholls, Geoff See Black Sabbath Nichols, Ben See Lucero Nichols, Chad See Lettermen, The Nichols, Eddie See Royal Crown Revue Nichols, Gates See Confederate Railroad Nichols, Joe 49 Nichols, John See Low Nichols, Todd See Toad the Wet Sprocket Nickel Creek 40 Nickelback 36 Nickerson, Charlie See Memphis Jug Band Nickrenz, Erika See Eroica Trio Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nico 47 Also see Velvet Underground, The

Ni Dhomhnaill, Triona See Nightnoise

Nogueras, Moises See El Gran Combo NOJO 47

Nields, David See Nields, The

Nolan, Bob See Sons of the Pioneers

Nields, Katryna See Nields, The

Nolan, Brian See American Hi-Fi

Nields, Nerissa See Nields, The

Nolan, Jerry See New York Dolls, The

Nields, The 48 Nielsen, Craig See Flotsam and Jetsam

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Soft Machine Nomiya, Maki See Pizzicato Five Nono See Les Négresses Vertes Noodle See Gorillaz Noone, Peter “Herman” See Herman’s Hermits Nordby, Bob See Kingsmen, The Nordeman, Nichole 47 Nordlander, Matthias See Komeda Norica, Sugar Ray See Roomful of Blues Normals, The 52 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Jessye 7 Norman, Jimmy See Coasters, The Norman, Kyle See Jagged Edge Norman, Larry 42 Norman, Patrick See Rusted Root Norreen, Claus See Aqua Norris, Jean See Zhane North Mississippi Allstars 39 Northern Lights 19 Northern Pikes, The 60 Northey, Craig See Odds Northwoods Improvisers 31 Norton, Butch See eels Norton, Greg See Hüsker Dü Norum, John See Dokken Norvell, Sally See Congo Norvell Norvo, Red 12 Notorious B.I.G. 20 Nova, Heather 30 Novello, John See Niacin Noveskey, Matt See Blue October Novoselic, Chris (Krist) See Nirvana Novotny, Dave See Saliva Nowell, Bradley James See Sublime NRBQ 12 Nuccio, Carlo See Continental Drifters Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The

See Soulfly Nunley, Louis See Jordanaires, The Nunn, Bobby See Coasters, The Nunn, Jamie See Guttermouth Nutter, Alice See Chumbawamba N.W.A. 6 Nylons, The 6 Nyman, Michael 15 Nyolo, Sally See Zap Mama Nyro, Laura 12 Nystrøm, Lene Grawford See Aqua Nystrom, Eddie See Saints, The Oakenfold, Paul 32 Oakes, Richard See Suede Oakey, Philip See Human League, The Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir 26 Oakley, Berry See Allman Brothers, The Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 O.A.R. 49 Oasis 41 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Oates, John See Hall & Oates Oban, George “Ras Levi” See Aswad Oberst, Conor See Bright Eyes Obey, Ebenezer 49 O’Brien, Brien See D.O.A. O’Brien, Danny See Brave Combo O’Brien, Darrin Kenneth See Snow O’Brien, Derek See Social Distortion O’Brien, Dwayne See Little Texas O’Brien, Ed See Radiohead O’Brien, Marty See Kilgore O’Brien, Michael See NewSong O’Brien, Tim 39 O’Bryant, Alan See Nashville Bluegrass Band O’Carroll, Sinead See B*Witched

Numan, Gary 47

Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The

Nolan, John See Taking Back Sunday

Nu-Mark See Jurassic 5

Occhipinti, Michael See NOJO

Nolan, Larry

Nunez, Joe

Ocean, Billy 4

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Oceans, Lucky See Asleep at the Wheel Ochowiak, Michel See Les Négresses Vertes Ochs, Larry See Rova Saxophone Quartet Ochs, Phil 7 O’Ciosoig, Colm See My Bloody Valentine O’Connell, Brian See Junoon O’Connell, Chris See Asleep at the Wheel O’Connell, Mark See Taking Back Sunday O’Connell, Maura 60 O’Connell, Robbie See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The O’Connor, Billy See Blondie O’Connor, Daniel See House of Pain O’Connor, Mark 1 Also see Dixie Dregs O’Connor, P.J. See Radio 4 O’Connor, Sinead 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Odadjian, Shavo See System of a Down O’Day, Anita 21 ODB See Ol’ Dirty Bastard Odds 20 O’Dell, Homer See Mint Condition Odetta 7 O’Dhomhnaill, Micheal See Nightnoise Odmark, Matt See Jars of Clay O’Donnell, Roger See Cure, The Of Montreal 56 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Offspring, The 19 Ofwerman, Clarence See Roxette Ofwerman, Staffan See Roxette Ogawa, Rumi See Ensemble Modern Ogino, Kazuo See Ghost Ogletree, Mike See Simple Minds Ogre, Nivek See Pigface Also see Skinny Puppy


See Dexy’s Midnight Runners O’Hara, Mary 47 O’Hare, Brendan See Mogwai Also see Teenage Fanclub O’Hare, Brendan See Swizz Beatz O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons Ohio Players 16 Ohno, Yumiko See Buffalo Daughter Oingo Boingo 39 O’Jays, The 13 Oje, Baba See Arrested Development O’Keefe, Laurence See Dark Star Ol’ Dirty Bastard 42 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Olafsson, Bragi See Sugarcubes, The Olafunke, Carlene See Black Uhuru Olander, Jimmy See Diamond Rio Olatunji, Babatunde 45 Olaverra, Margot See Go-Go’s, The Old 97’s 33 Olde-Wolbers, Christian See Fear Factory Oldfield, Mike 18 Oldham, Jack See Surfaris, The Oldham, Sean See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Oldham, Will 32 Olds, Brent See Poi Dog Pondering Oliffe, David See Vines, The O’Lionaird, Iarla See Afro Celt Sound System Oliver, Joe See Oliver, King Oliver, Karin See His Name Is Alive Oliver, King 15 Oliveri, Nick See Queens of the Stone Age Oliveros, Pauline 47 Olivia Tremor Control 28 Olkhovsky, Sergei See Bering Strait Olley, Chris See Six by Seven

Olson, Jeff See Village People, The Olson, Mark See Jayhawks, The Olsson, Bjorn See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Olsson, Nigel See Spencer Davis Group Oltman, Matt See Chanticleer O’Malley, Tony See 10cc O’Meara, Jo See S Club 7 Ommer, Nobert See Ensemble Modern On, Richard See O.A.R. Onassis, Blackie See Urge Overkill Ondras, Charlie See Boss Hog O’Neal, Jamie 49 O’Neill, Damian See Undertones, The O’Neill, Jerry See Voodoo Glow Skulls O’Neill, John See Undertones, The 112 49 Ono, Yoko 47 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Opokuwaa, Akua See Sweet Honey in the Rock Orange, Walter “Clyde” See Commodores, The Orange County Supertones See O.C. Supertones, The Orb, The 18 Orbison, Roy 2 Orbit, William 30 Orbital 20 Orchestra Baobab 42 Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 21 O’Reagan, Tim See Jayhawks, The Oregon 30 Orff, Carl 21 Organ, Chad See Flying Luttenbachers, The Orgy 27

Orr, Benjamin See Cars, The Orr, Casey See Gwar Orrall, Frank See Poi Dog Pondering Orrico, Stacie 47 Ortega, Leonor “Jeff” See Five Iron Frenzy Ortega, Micah See Five Iron Frenzy Ortiz, Bill See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Ortiz, Domingo “Sunny” See Widespread Panic Ortiz, Opie See Long Beach Dub All Stars Ortmann, Mark See Bottle Rockets Ortoli See Les Négresses Vertes Orton, Beth 26 Orton, Mark See Tin Hat Trio Orzabal, Roland See Tears for Fears Osborn, Jinny See Chordettes, The Osborn, Kassidy See SHeDAISY Osborn, Kelsi See SHeDAISY Osborn, Kristyn See SHeDAISY Osborne, Bob See Osborne Brothers, The Osborne, Buzz See Melvins Osborne, David See 54-40 Osborne, Joan 19 Osborne, Neil See 54-40 Osborne, Sonny See Osborne Brothers, The Osborne Brothers, The 8 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Orioles, The 35

Osenga, Andrew See Normals, The

O’Riordan, Cait See Pogues, The

Oskar, Lee See War

Ollis, Terry See Hawkwind

O’Riordan, Dolores See Cranberries, The

Oskay, Billy See Nightnoise

Ollu, Franck See Ensemble Modern

Orlando, Tony 15

Oslin, K. T. 3

örn, Einar See Sugarcubes, The

Osman, Mat See Suede

örnolfsdottir, Margret See Sugarcubes, The

Osmond, Donny 3

O’Rourke, Jim 31 Also see Sonic Youth

Ostrovsky, Alexander See Bering Strait

O’Hagan, Sean See Stereolab

Olsdal, Stefan See Placebo

Ohanian, David See Canadian Brass, The

Olsen, Richard See Charlatans, The

O’Hara, Helen

Olson, Carla 45

O Riada, Sean 56

Ostin, Mo 17

300 • Cumulative Musicians Index Oswald, Hunter See Down By Law Otis, Johnny 16 O&Ⲇ8217;Toole, Paul See Young Dubliners O’Toole, Mark See Frankie Goes To Hollywood O-Town 44 Ott, David 2 Ottewell, Ben See Gomez Otto, John See Limp Bizkit Our Lady Peace 22 Out of the Grey 37 OutKast 33 Outler, Jimmy See Soul Stirrers, The Ovenden, Emily See Mediaeval Baebes Overstreet, Paul 33 Overton, Nancy See Chordettes, The Owen, Randy Yueull See Alabama Owen, Scott See Living End, The Owens, Buck 2 Owens, Campbell See Aztec Camera Owens, Fred See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Owens, Henry See Golden Gate Quartet Owens, Jack 30 Owens, Paul See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Also see Swan Silvertones, The Owens, Ricky See Temptations, The Ownens, Ikey See Mars Volta, The Owoh, Orlando 57 Oxley, Tony 32 Øye, Erlend See Kings of Convenience Oyewole, Abiodun See Last Poets P. Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Pablo, Augustus 37 Pace, Amedeo See Blonde Redhead Pace, Simone See Blonde Redhead Paddy Boom See Scissor Sisters

See Barenaked Ladies Pagliaro, Michel 56 Pahanish, Alan “Al 3” See Powerman 5000 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Paice, Ian See Deep Purple Paisley, Brad 42 Pajo, Dave See Tortoise Pajo, David See Slint Paladins, The 47 Paliotta, Cherie See Avalon Palladino, Chris See Danielson Palmar, Wally See Romantics, The Palmer, Bruce See Buffalo Springfield Palmer, Carl See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Palmer, Clive See Incredible String Band Palmer, David See Jethro Tull Palmer, Jeff 20 Palmer, Jeff See Sunny Day Real Estate Palmer, Keeti See Prodigy Palmer, Phil See Dire Straits Palmer, Richard See Supertramp Palmer, Robert 2 Palmer-Jones, Robert See King Crimson Palmieri, Eddie 15 Paloalto 45 Paluzzi, Jimmy See Sponge Pamer, John See Tsunami Pandit G See Asian Dub Foundation Pangie See Kumbia Kings Panjabi MC 46

Paez, Victor See Banda el Recodo

Panozzo, John See Styx

Page, Greg See Wiggles, The

Panter, Horace See Specials, The

Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The

Pantera 13

Page, Patti 11

Papa Roach 30

Page, Steven

Papach, Leyna

Pankow, James See Chicago Pankrantz, Lisa See Derailers, The Panozzo, Chuck See Styx

Panther, “Omo” See 5,6,7,8’s, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Geraldine Fibbers Papas Fritas 29 Pappalardi, Felix See Mountain Pappas, Tom See Superdrag Paquin, Luke See Hot Hot Heat Parada, Pete See Face to Face Parada, Pete See Saves the Day Paradis, Vanessa 50 Paragons, The 53 Parazaider, Walter See Chicago Parcells, Fred See Black 47 Parello, Vinny See Spiral Starecase Parffit, Rick See Status Quo Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Paris Combo 54 Park, Cary See Boy Howdy Park, Larry See Boy Howdy Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Alan See Soft Machine Parker, Brad See Pursuit of Happiness, The Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Graham 49 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Parker, Jeff See Tortoise Parker, Kris See KRS-One Parker, Leon 27 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Mimi See Low Parker, Tom See Animals, The Parker, William 31 Parket, Johnnie See Hackberry Ramblers Parkin, Chad See Aquabats, The Parks, Barney See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Parks, Cale See Aloha Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parnell, Alex See Paloalto

Parrish, Mark See Dixie Dregs Parsley, Ambrosia See Shivaree Parsons, Alan 12 Parsons, Dave See Bush Parsons, Drew See American Hi-Fi Parsons, Gene See Byrds, The Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parsons, Longineu See Yellowcard Parsons, Ted See Prong Parsons, Tony See Iron Maiden Pärt, Arvo 40 Partch, Harry 29 Partington, Darren See 808 State Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Parton, Samantha See Be Good Tanyas Partridge, Andy See XTC Parvo, Carpella See Rasputina Pascale, Nina See Quickspace Pasemaster, Mase See De La Soul Pash, Jim See Surfaris, The Pasillas, Jose See Incubus Pass, Joe 15 Passons, Michael See Avalon Pastels, The 45 Pastorius, Jaco See Weather Report Paterson, Alex See Orb, The Paterson, Jim See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Patinkin, Mandy 20 Earlier sketch CM 3 Patrick, Richard See Filter Patti, Sandi 50 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pattinson, Les See Echo and the Bunnymen Patton, Antwan “Big Boi” See OutKast Patton, Charley 11

Parnell, Lee Roy 15

Patton, Mike See Faith No More

Parr, Tom See Bottle Rockets

Patton, Mike See Mr. Bungle

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Paul, Alan See Manhattan Transfer, The Paul, Amit See A*Teens Paul, Les 2 Paul, Prince 29 Also see Gravediggaz Paul, Sean 42 Paul, Vinnie See Pantera Paul Revere & The Raiders 30 Paul III, Henry See BlackHawk Paull, Eric See Clem Snide Paulo, Jr. See Sepultura Paulus, Jean-Marie See Les Négresses Vertes Pausini, Laura 42 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Pavement 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Pavia, John See Four Seasons, The Paxton, Tom 5 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Payne, Bill See Little Feat Payne, Dougie See Travis Payne, Richard See Bluetones, The Payne, Scherrie See Supremes, The Payton, Denis See Dave Clark Five, The Payton, Lawrence See Four Tops, The Payton, Nicholas 27 Pea, Planet See Len Peaches 46 Peacock, Gary 48 Peacock, Olly See Gomez Peake, Ryan See Nickelback Pearce, David See Flying Saucer Attack Pearl, Minnie 3 Pearl Jam 32 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Pearle, Ida See Ida Pearls Before Swine 24 Pearson, Dan See American Music Club Pearson, Tony See Flatlanders, The Peart, Neil See Rush Pedersen, Chris See Monks of Doom Pedersen, Herb

See Desert Rose Band, The Also see Dillards, The Pedro the Lion 57 Peduzzi, Larry See Roomful of Blues Pee Wee See Kumbia Kings Peebles, Ann 30 Peek, Dan See America Peel, John 43 Peeler, Ben See Mavericks, The Peeples, Philip See Old 97’s Peet, Joe See Cousteau Peeters, Flor 51 Pegg, Dave See Fairport Convention Also see Jethro Tull Pegrum, Nigel See Steeleye Span Peligro, Darren H. See Dead Kennedys Pelissier, Matt See My Chemical Romance Pelletier, Mike See Kilgore Peña, Adela See Eroica Trio Pena, Paco 60 Pence, Jeff See Blessid Union of Souls Pender, Mike See Searchers, The Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Pendergast, George See Dishwalla Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Pendleton, Brian See Pretty Things, The Pengelly, Pat See Bedouin Soundclash Pengilly, Kirk See INXS Penick, Trevor See O-Town Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Penner, Fred 10 Pennywise 27 Penrod, Guy See Gaither Vocal Band Pentangle 18 Pentland, Patrick See Sloan People Under The Stairs 39

Cumulative Musicians Index • 301 See Lemonheads, The Perez, Arturo See Redbone Perez, Chris See Kumbia Kings Perez, Danilo 25 Perez, Eddie See El Gran Combo Perez, Louie See Los Lobos Perfect Circle, A 54 Peris, Don See Innocence Mission, The Peris, Karen See Innocence Mission, The Perkins, Al See Flying Burrito Brothers Perkins, Carl 9 Perkins, John See XTC Perkins, Percell See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Perkins, Pinetop 54 Perkins, Steve See Jane’s Addiction Also see Porno for Pyros Perko, Lynn See Imperial Teen Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Perlman, Marc See Golden Smog Perlman, Marc See Jayhawks, The Pernice, Bob See Pernice Brothers Pernice, Joe See Pernice Brothers Also see Scud Mountain Boys Pernice Brothers 33 Peron, Jean-Hervé See Faust Perry, Ann See Selah Perry, Brendan See Dead Can Dance Perry, Doane See Jethro Tull Perry, Jason See Plus One Perry, Joe See Aerosmith Perry, John G. See Caravan Perry, Lee “Scratch” 52 Perry, Linda 38 Perry, Phil 24

See Sons of the Pioneers Person, Eric See World Saxophone Quartet Person, Ian See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Personality, Johhny See Screeching Weasel Persson, Nina See Cardigans Persuasions, The 47 Pet Shop Boys 57 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Peters, Bernadette 27 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Peters, Dale See James Gang Peters, Dan See Mudhoney Peters, Gretchen 45 Peters, Joey See Grant Lee Buffalo Peters, Lori See Skillet Peters, Mike See Alarm Petersen, Chris See Front Line Assembly Petersen, Joel See Faint, The Peterson, Bobby See McCoys, The Peterson, Debbi See Bangles, The Peterson, Dick See Kingsmen, The Peterson, Garry See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Peterson, Garry See Guess Who

Pepper, Art 18

Perry, Steve See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies

Petkovic, John See Cobra Verde

Perahia, Murray 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Perry, Steve See Journey

Petra 3

Percy, Mike See Dead or Alive

Perry, Ted 53

Pere Ubu 17

Perry, Virgshawn See Artifacts

Peretz, Jesse

Perryman, Lloyd Wilson

Peterson, John See Beau Brummels Peterson, Michael 31 Peterson, Oscar 11 Peterson, Steve See Kingsmen, The Peterson, Sylvia See Chiffons, The Peterson, Vicki See Bangles, The Also see Continental Drifters Petersson, Tom See Cheap Trick Petey X See Rocket from the Crypt Petito, Scott See Fugs, The

Petratos, Dave See Romantics, The Petri, Tony See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics

302 • Cumulative Musicians Index Petrucci, John See Dream Theater Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Peverett, Dave See Foghat Peverett, Dave See Savoy Brown Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Pfaff, Kristen See Hole Pfahler, Adam See Jawbreaker Pfeiffer, Darrin See Goldfinger Pfeiffer, Rob See Sense Field Pfisterer, Alban See Love PFR 38 Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Phantom, Slim Jim See Stray Cats, The Phantom Planet 49 Pharcyde, The 17 Phelps, David See Gaither Vocal Band Phelps, Doug See Kentucky Headhunters, The Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phelps, Ricky Lee See Kentucky Headhunters, The Phife See Tribe Called Quest, A Phil, Gary See Boston Philbin, Greg See REO Speedwagon Philips, Anthony See Genesis Phillips, Britta See Luna Phillips, Chris See Squirrel Nut Zippers Phillips, Chynna See Wilson Phillips Phillips, Craig & Dean 45

Phillips, Peter See Velvet Crush Phillips, Popeye See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Phillips, Randy See Phillips, Craig & Dean Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Sam 5 Phillips, Scott See Creed Phillips, Shawn 41 Phillips, Shelley See Point of Grace Phillips, Simon See Judas Priest Phillips, Utah 57 Phipps, Sam See Oingo Boingo Phish 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Phoenix 59 Photinos, Nicholas See eighth blackbird Phungula, Inos See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Piaf, Edith 8 Piazza, Sammy See Quicksilver Messenger Service Piazzolla, Astor 18 Picciotto, Joe See Fugazi Piccolo, Greg See Roomful of Blues Pickerel, Mark See Screaming Trees Pickering, Michael See M People Pickett, Lenny See Tower of Power Pickett, Wilson 10

Phillips, Esther 46

Pierce, Jonathan See Gaither Vocal Band

Phillips, Glenn See Toad the Wet Sprocket Phillips, Grant Lee See Grant Lee Buffalo Phillips, Harvey 3 Phillips, John See Mamas and the Papas

Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pier, Fred See D.O.A. Pierce, Charlie See Memphis Jug Band Pierce, Jason See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized

Pierce, Marvin “Merv” See Ohio Players Pierce, Webb 15 Pierson, Kate See B-52’s, The Pigface 19

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Pilatus, Rob See Milli Vanilli Pilson, Jeff See Dokken Pinch See Damned, The Pincock, Dougie See Battlefield Band, The Pinder, Michael See Moody Blues, The Pine, Courtney 51 Also see Soul II Soul Pink 37 Pink Floyd 2 Pinkerton, Peyton See Pernice Brothers Pinkus, Jeff See Butthole Surfers Pinnick, Doug See King’s X Piper, Jeff “Freedom” See Workhorse Movement, The Pipien, Sven See Black Crowes, The Pippen, Lovetta See His Name Is Alive Pires, Maria Joa¯o 26 Piripitsi, Joe See Living End, The Pirner, Dave See Golden Smog Pirner, Dave See Soul Asylum Pirro, Mark See Tripping Daisy Pirroni, Marco See Siouxsie and the Banshees Pisarri, Bill See Flying Luttenbachers, The Pitchon, Anna See Beulah Pitney, Gene 39 Pittman, Brian See Relient K Pixies, The 52 Earlier sketch in 21 Pizzarelli, John 50 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Placebo 27 Plaid 50 Plakas, Dee See L7 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57

Ploog, Richard See Church, The Plouf, Scott See Built to Spill Plough, John See Northwoods Improvisers Plus One 43 P.M. Dawn 11 Po’ Girl 58 P.O.D. 33 Pogues, The 6 Pohom, Chris See D.O.A. Poi Dog Pondering 17 Poindexter, Buster See Johansen, David Point of Grace 21 Pointer, Anita See Pointer Sisters, The Pointer, Bonnie See Pointer Sisters, The Pointer, June See Pointer Sisters, The Pointer, Ruth See Pointer Sisters, The Pointer Sisters, The 9 Poison 11 Poison Ivy See Rorschach, Poison Ivy Poland, Chris See Megadeth Polce, Tom See Letters to Cleo Polci, Gerry See Four Seasons, The Police, The 20 Polivka, Galen See Hold Steady, The Pollard, Jim See Guided By Voices Pollard, Robert, Jr. See Guided By Voices Pollard, Russ See Sebadoh Pollitt, Tessa See Slits, The Pollock, Courtney Adam See Aquabats, The Pollock, Emma See Delgados, The Pollock, Jason See Seven Mary Three Polwart, Karine See Battlefield Band, The Polygon Window See Aphex Twin Polyphonic Spree, The 51

Plastikman See Hawtin, Richie

Pomus, Doc See Doc Pomus

Plato, Jeremy See Cross Canadian Ragweed

Pontier, Derrick See Great White

Platters, The 25

Pontiere, Ernie See Lettermen, The

Phillips, Mackenzie See Mamas and the Papas

Pigott, Stephen See 10cc

Phillips, Mark See Down By Law

Pike, Donny See Lettermen, The

Phillips, Michelle See Mamas and the Papas

Pike, Gary See Lettermen, The

Pleasant, Alvin See Carter Family, The

Phillips, Paul See Puddle of Mudd

Pike, Jim See Lettermen, The

Ploog, Richard See Cameo

Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra Pop, Iggy 23

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Pop, Jimmy See Bloodhound Gang, The Pope, Robert See Get Up Kids Popoff, A. Jay See Lit Popoff, Jeremy See Lit Popper, John See Blues Traveler Porno for Pyros 31 Porter, Cole 10 Porter, George, Jr. See Meters, The Porter, Glenn See Alkaline Trio Porter, Jody See Fountains of Wayne Porter, Tiran See Doobie Brothers, The Portishead 22 Portius, Bruce See Savoy Brown Portman, Dr. Frank See Mr. T Experience, The Portman-Smith, Nigel See Pentangle Portnoy, Mike See Dream Theater Portuondo, Omara 42 Portz, Chuck See Turtles, The Posa, Dylan See Flying Luttenbachers, The Posdnuos See De La Soul Post, Louise See Veruca Salt Post, Mike 21 Potter, Janna See Avalon Potter, Nic See Van der Graaf Generator Potter, Tom See Dirtbombs, The Pottie, Ambrose See Crash Vegas Potts, Sean See Chieftains, The Potvin, Bryan See Northern Pikes, The Potzi See Paris Combo Poullain, Frankie See Darkness, The Pounds, Scott See Great White Povey, John See Pretty Things, The Powderfinger 33 Powell, Baden 23 Powell, Billy See Lynyrd Skynyrd

See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Also see Rainbow Powell, Dirk See Balfa Toujours Powell, Don See Slade Powell, George See Pure Prairie League Powell, Kobie See US3 Powell, Mac See Third Day Powell, Martin See Cradle of Filth Powell, Owen See Catatonia Powell, Paul See Aztec Camera Powell, William See O’Jays, The Power, Darrell See Great Big Sea Powerman 5000 37 Powers, Eric See Great White Powers, Kid Congo See Congo Norvell Also see Cramps, The Powles, Tim See Cameo Poynton, Bobby See Lettermen, The Prado, Pérez 53 Prater, Dave See Sam and Dave Pratt, Awadagin 19 Pratt, Guy See Killing Joke Pray for Rain See PFR Precoda, Karl See Dream Syndicate Prefab Sprout 15


Presley, Lisa Marie 55

See Cold Chisel Pretenders, The 8 Pretty Things, The 26 Previn, André 15 Prévost, Eddie See AMM Prewitt, Archer 57 Also see Sea and Cake, The Price, Alan See Animals, The Price, Kelly 34 Price, Leontyne 6 Price, Lloyd 25 Price, Louis See Temptations, The Price, Mark See Archers of Loaf Price, Martin See 808 State Price, Ray 11 Price, Rick See Electric Light Orchestra Price, Rod See Foghat Pride, Charley 4 Priest, Gretchen See Ceili Rain Priest, Maxi 20 Priest, Steve See Sweet Priester, Julian 54 Prima, Louis 18 Primal Scream 14 Primettes, The See Supremes, The Primrose, Neil See Travis Primus 11 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prince, Prairie See Journey Prince, Vivian See Pretty Things, The Prince Be See P.M. Dawn Prince Paul See Handsome Boy Modeling School Princess Superstar 39 Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Presley, Richard See Breeders

Prior, Maddy 50 Also see Steeleye Span

Prestia, Francis “Rocco” See Tower of Power

Priske, Rich See Matthew Good Band

Preston, Aaron See Chainsaw Kittens, The

Pritchard, Chris See Silly Wizard

Preston, Joe See Melvins

Proclaimers, The 13

Pyle, Chris See Royal Trux

Proctor, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The

Pyle, Pip See Gong

Prodigy 22

Pyres, Gian See Cradle of Filth

Prefuse 73 56 Prekop, Sam See Sea and Cake, The Prescott, Peter See Mission of Burma Presidents of the United States of America, The 34 Presley, Elvis 1

Preston, Leroy See Asleep at the Wheel

Professor Longhair 6

Powell, Bud 15

Preston, Mark See Lettermen, The

Powell, Cozy

Prestwich, Steven

Promise Ring, The 28

Project 86 52

Prong 23 Proof See D12 Propatier, Joe See Silver Apples Propellerheads 26 Propes, Duane See Little Texas Prophet, Chuck 32 Prosper, Marvin See Baha Men Prout, Brian See Diamond Rio Provost, Dave See Dream Syndicate Pryce, Guto See Super Furry Animals Pryor, Matthew See Get Up Kids Psychedelic Furs 23 Ptacek, Rainer See Giant Sand Pte See Indigenous Public Enemy 4 Puccini, Giacomo 25 Puckett, Gary See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Puddle of Mudd 45 Puente, Tito 14 Puff Daddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Puget, Jade See AFI Pullen, Don 16 Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Pulsford, Nigel See Bush Pundik, Jordan See New Found Glory Pura Fé See Ulali Purcell, John See World Saxophone Quartet Pure Prairie League 49 Purim, Flora 45 Pursuit of Happiness, The 58 Pusey, Clifford “Moonie” See Steel Pulse Puthli, Asha 60 Pyle, Andy See Kinks, The Pyle, Andy See Savoy Brown Pyle, Artemis See Lynyrd Skynyrd

Pyro, Howie See D Generation

304 • Cumulative Musicians Index Q See 112 Q-Ball, D.J. See Bloodhound Gang, The Q-Tip See Tribe Called Quest, A Quaid, Johnny See My Morning Jacket Quaife, Peter See Kinks, The Quasi 24 Quasthoff, Thomas 26 Quatro, Suzi 47 Quaye, Finley 30 Queen 6 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Queen Latifah 48 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Queens, Hollis See Boss Hog Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Queralt, Steve See Ride Querfurth, Carl See Roomful of Blues Query, Nate See Decemberists, The ? and the Mysterians 44 ?uestlove See Roots, The Quick, Clarence See Del Vikings, The Quicksilver Messenger Service 23 Quickspace 30 Quiles, Pedro See Son by Four Quin, Sara See Tegan and Sara Quin, Tegan See Tegan and Sara Quinn, Jonny See Snow Patrol Quinn, Mickey See Supergrass Quinn, Paul See Swizz Beatz Quintanilla, Abraham See Kumbia Kings Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 R. Prophet See Nappy Roots Raaymakers, Boy See Willem Breuker Kollektief Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rabin, Trevor See Yes Race, Tony See Felt Racine, Pam See Gogol Bordello Radalj, Rod

See Hoodoo Gurus Radio 4 59 Radio Tarifa 40 Radiohead 24 Radley, Kate See Spiritualized Rae, Terry See Flamin’ Groovies Raekwon See Wu-Tang Clan Rafferty, Gerry 52 Rafferty, Mary See Cherish the Ladies Raffi 8 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Ragsdale, Randy See Cross Canadian Ragweed Raheem See Geto Boys, The Rahzel See Roots, The Railroad Earth 51 Rainbow 40 Rainer Maria 59 Raines, Jeff See Galactic Rainey, Ma 22 Rainey, Sid See Compulsion Rainford, Simone See All Saints Rainwater, Keech See Lonestar Rainwater, Lonnie See Hackberry Ramblers Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rakaa See Dilated Peoples Rakim 46 Also see Eric B. and Rakim Raleigh, Don See Squirrel Nut Zippers Ralph Sharon Quartet 26 Ralphs, Mick See Bad Company Also see Mott the Hoople Ramazzotti, Eros 52 Rambo, Dottie 60 Ramey, Samuel 51 Ramirez, Twiggy See Marilyn Manson Rammstein 25 Ramone, C. J. See Ramones, The Ramone, Dee Dee See Ramones, The Ramone, Joey See Ramones, The Ramone, Johnny See Ramones, The Ramone, Marky See Ramones, The Ramone, Ritchie See Ramones, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Ramone, Tommy See Ramones, The Ramones, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Ramos, Larry See Association, The Rampage, Randy See D.O.A. Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Ramsay, Andy See Stereolab Ranaldo, Lee See Sonic Youth Rancid 29 Randall, Bobby See Sawyer Brown Randall, Jon 58 Randolph, Boots 57 Randolph, Robert 49 Ranelin, Phil 55 Raney, Jerry See Beat Farmers Rangel, Enrique See Café Tacuba Rangel, Joselo See Café Tacuba Rangell, Andrew 24 Ranglin, Ernest See Skatalites, The Ranken, Andrew See Pogues, The Rankin, Billy See Brinsley Schwarz Rankin, Cookie See Rankins, The Rankin, Heather See Rankins, The Rankin, Jimmy See Rankins, The Rankin, John Morris See Rankins, The Rankin, Raylene See Rankins, The Ranking, Roger See English Beat, The Rankins, The 24 Ranks, Shabba 38 Rantanen, Hannu See Väarttinä Rapp, Marcelo D. See Soulfly Rapp, Steve See Guttermouth Rapp, Tom See Pearls Before Swine Rarebell, Herman See Scorpions, The Rasboro, Johnathen See Silk Rascal Flatts 42 Rascals, The 52 Rascon, Meegs See Coal Chamber

See Long Beach Dub All Stars Raspberries 43 Rasputina 26 Rasted, Søren See Aqua Ratcliffe, Simon See Basement Jaxx Rat Fink, Jr. See Alien Sex Fiend Rathbone, Andie See Mansun Rathbone, Don See Hollies, The Ratledge, Mike See Soft Machine Rattle, Simon 37 Ravel, Claire See Mediaeval Baebes Ravel, Maurice 25 Raven, Marion See M2M Raven, Paul See Killing Joke Also see Prong Raveonettes, The 48 Rawls, Lou 60 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ray, Amy See Indigo Girls Ray, East Bay See Dead Kennedys Ray, Tom See Bottle Rockets Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26 Raybon, Marty See Shenandoah Raye, Collin 16 Raymond, Bobby See Spiral Starecase Raymond, Paul See Savoy Brown Raymonde, Simon See Cocteau Twins, The Raynor, Scott See Blink 182 Razanajato, Mano See Paris Combo Rea, Chris 12 Rea, Matt “Myron” See Workhorse Movement, The Read, John See Specials, The Read, Mark See A1 Reader, Joel See Mr. T Experience, The Readling, Greg See Chatham County Line Reagon, Bernice Johnson See Sweet Honey in the Rock Reams, Scott See Seventy Sevens, The

Raskin, Jon See Rova Saxophone Quartet

Reaney, Paul See Tommy James and the Shondells

RAS-1

Rebirth Brass Band 35



See Battlefield Band, The Reid, Antonio 44 Reid, Charlie See Proclaimers, The Reid, Christopher See Kid ‘n Play Reid, Craig See Proclaimers, The Reid, Delroy “Junior” See Black Uhuru Reid, Don See Statler Brothers, The Reid, Ellen Lorraine See Crash Test Dummies Reid, Harold See Statler Brothers, The Reid, Janet See Black Uhuru Reid, Jim See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Reid, L.A. See Reid, Antonio Reid, Lou See Seldom Scene, The Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reid, William See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Reifman, William See KMFDM Reilly, Marie See Cherish the Ladies Reilly, Michael See Pure Prairie League Reilly, Vini See Durutti Column, The Reinert, Florian See Paloalto Reinhardt, Django 7 Reininger, Blaine See Tuxedomoon Reiser, Dan See Marcy Playground Reitzell, Brian See Redd Kross Relf, Keith See Yardbirds, The Relient K 55 R.E.M. 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rembrandts, The 37 Remy Zero 38 Renaud, Hélène See Swell Renbourn, John See Pentangle Rendall, Kimble See Hoodoo Gurus

Republica 20 Residents, The 14 Restless Heart 12 Resurrection Band 36 Revell, Adrian See Jamiroquai Revere, Paul See Paul Revere & The Raiders Reverend Horton Heat 19 Rew, Kimberley See Katrina and the Waves Rex See Pantera Reyes, Andre See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Canut See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Eddie See Taking Back Sunday Reyes, Nicolas See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Pablo See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Patchai See Gipsy Kings, The Reynolds, Nick See Kingston Trio, The Reynolds, Robert See Mavericks, The Reynolds, Sheldon See Earth, Wind and Fire Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rheostatics 37 Rhoad, Herbert See Persuasions, The Rhodes, Emitt 55 Rhodes, Izora See Weather Girls, The Rhodes, Louise See Lamb Rhodes, Nick See Duran Duran Rhodes, Philip See Gin Blossoms Rhodes, Todd See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Rhone, Sylvia 13 Rhys, Gruff See Super Furry Animals Ribot, Marc 30 Rice, Chris 25 Rice, Damien 50 Rice, Jeff See Whiskeytown Rice, Joe See Fairfield Four

Reno, Mike See Loverboy

Rich, Buddy 13 Rich, Charlie 3

Riley, Kristian See Citizen King

Reich, Steve 8

Reno, Ronnie See Osborne Brothers, The

Rich, Jeff See Status Quo

Riley, Teddy “Street” 14 See Blackstreet

Reichel, Hans 29

Rentals, The 50 REO Speedwagon 23

Reid, Alan

Replacements, The 7

Rich, John See Big & Rich Also see Lonestar

Riley, Terry 32

Reichel, Keali’i 50

Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Red House Painters 40 Redbone 47 Redbone, Leon 19 Redd Kross 20 Reddick, Jaret See Bowling for Soup Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Redman 35 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Don See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Redman, Matt 54 Redpath, Jean 1 Redus, Richard See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Reece, Chris See Social Distortion Reece, Damon See Spiritualized Reece, Jason See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Reed, Brett See Rancid Reed, Dean 38 Reed, Herbert See Platters, The Reed, Jimmy 15 Reed, Johnny See Orioles, The Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reef 24 Reel Big Fish 55 Rees, John See Men at Work Reese, Della 13 Reese, Joey See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Reeves, Dianne 16 Reeves, Jim 10 Reeves, Lois See Martha and the Vandellas Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas Refoy, Mark See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Regan, Dan See Reel Big Fish Regan, Julianne See Gene Loves Jezebel

Rice, Syl See Flatlanders, The

Richard, Cliff 14 Richard, Zachary 9 Richards, Aled See Catatonia Richards, Edward See Shamen, The Richards, J.R. See Dishwalla Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The Richards, Lee See Godsmack Richardson, Geoffrey See Caravan Richardson, Kevin See Backstreet Boys Richey, Kim 20 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Richling, Greg See Wallflowers, The Richman, Jonathan 12 Richrath, Gary See REO Speedwagon Richter, Johnny See Kottonmouth Kings Rick, Dave See King Missile Ricochet 23 Riddle, Matt See Face to Face Riddle, Paul See Marshall Tucker Band Ride 40 Riders in the Sky 33 Ridley, Greg See Humble Pie Riebling, Scott See Letters to Cleo Rieckermann, Ralph See Scorpions, The Riedel, Oliver See Rammstein Rieflin, William See Ministry Also see Pigface Rieger, Andrew See Elf Power Rieu, André 26 Rigby, Will See dB’s, The Rihanna 59 Riles, Kelly See Velocity Girl Riley, Billy Lee 43 Riley, Herman See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers

Riley, Timothy Christian See Tony! Toni! Toné!

306 • Cumulative Musicians Index Rillera, Butch See Redbone Rilo Kiley 52 Rimes, LeAnn 46 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ringenberg, Jason See Jason & the Scorchers Rippingtons 38 Rippon, Steve See Lush Ritchie, Brian See Violent Femmes Ritchie, Jean 4 Ritchie, John Simon See Sid Vicious Ritchie, Robert See Kid Rock Ritenour, Lee 7 Ritter, Tex 37 Ritter, Tyson See All-American Rejects, The Ritts-Kirby, Freya See Ensemble Modern Rivas, Jerry See El Gran Combo Rivera, Freddie See El Gran Combo Rivera, James See Flotsam and Jetsam Rivers, Sam 29 Rivers, Sam See Limp Bizkit Rivers, Sam See Music Revelation Ensemble Rizzo, Joe See D Generation Rizzo, Peter See Gene Loves Jezebel Rizzo, Ray See Days of the New Rjabtzev, Sergey See Gogol Bordello RJD2 54 Roach, Max 12 Roach, Steve 41 Roads, Kimberly See Little Big Town Roback, David See Mazzy Star Robb, Doug See Hoobastank Robbins, Charles David See BlackHawk Robbins, J See Jawbox Robbins, Marty 9 Roberge, Mark See O.A.R. Roberson, LaTavia See Destiny’s Child Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35 Roberts, Brad See Crash Test Dummies Roberts, Brad See Gwar

Roberts, Dan See Crash Test Dummies Roberts, Jason See Asleep at the Wheel Roberts, Keith See Young Dubliners Roberts, Ken See Charm Farm Roberts, Marcus 6 Roberts, Mark See Catatonia Roberts, Matt See 3 Doors Down Roberts, Nathan See Flaming Lips Roberts, Paul See Stranglers, The Roberts, Rick See Flying Burrito Brothers Roberts, Sam 59 Roberts, Steve See Exploited, The Robertson, Allison See Donnas, The Robertson, Brian See Motörhead Also see Thin Lizzy Robertson, Ed See Barenaked Ladies Robertson, Mark See Los Lonely Boys Robertson, Robbie 2 Also see Band, The Robertson, Rowan See VAST Robeson, Paul 8 Robi, Paul See Platters, The Robie, Milton See Memphis Jug Band Robillard, Duke 49 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Roomful of Blues Robinson, Arnold See Nylons, The Robinson, Chris See Black Crowes, The Robinson, Cynthia See Sly & the Family Stone Robinson, Darren See Fat Boys, The Robinson, Darren See Phantom Planet Robinson, David See Cars, The Robinson, Dawn See En Vogue Robinson, Louise See Sweet Honey in the Rock Robinson, Prince See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Robinson, R. B. See Soul Stirrers, The Robinson, Rich See Black Crowes, The Robinson, Romye “Booty Brown”

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Pharcyde, The Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Robinson, Sylvia 55 Robinson, Tony “Gad” See Aswad Robison, Emily See Dixie Chicks Rochberg, George 56 Roche, Maggie See Roches, The Roche, Suzzy See Roches, The Roche, Terre See Roches, The Roches, The 18 Rochester, Cornell See Music Revelation Ensemble Rock, D. See Len Rock, Dave See Rilo Kiley Rock, Richie See Boyzone Rockapella 34 Rockenfield, Scott See Queensryche Rocker, Lee See Stray Cats, The Rocket from the Crypt 52 Rockett, Rikki See Poison Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Rodford, Jim See Kinks, The Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodgers, Nile 8 Also see Chic Rodgers, Paul See Bad Company Also see Free Rodgers, Richard 9 Rodney, Red 14 Rodrigues, Amália 40 Rodrigues, Virgínia 48 Rodriguez, Frank See ? and the Mysterians Rodriguez, Omar See At The Drive-In Rodriguez, Rico See Skatalites, The Also see Specials, The Rodriguez, Sal See War Rodriguez, Victor See El Gran Combo

Roeder, Klaus See James Gang Roeder, Klaus See Kraftwerk Roeser, Donald See Blue Oyster Cult Roeser, Eddie “King” See Urge Overkill Roessler, Kira See Black Flag Roger, Ranking See English Beat, The Rogers, Dan See Bluegrass Patriots Rogers, Fred 46 Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rogers, Norm See Cows, The Also see Jayhawks, The Rogers, Roy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rogers, Stan 61 Rogers, Tim See You Am I Rogers, Willie See Soul Stirrers, The Rogerson, Roger See Circle Jerks Rojas, Luciano Andrés See La Ley Roland, Dean See Collective Soul Roland, Duane See Molly Hatchet Roland, Ed See Collective Soul Rolie, Gregg See Journey Rolling Stones, The 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Black Flag Rollins, Sonny 7 Rollins, Winston See Jamiroquai Rolston, Shauna 50

Rodriguez-Lopez, Marcel See Mars Volta, The

Romantics, The 34

Rodriguez-Lopez, Omar See Mars Volta, The Roe, Marty See Diamond Rio Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Roeder, Jason See Neurosis

Roman, Anthony See Radio 4 Romanelli, Chris “Junior” See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Romano, Ruben See Fu Manchu Rombola, Tony See Godsmack Römer, Rainer See Ensemble Modern Romero, Paloma See Slits, The Romich, Jr., Tom See Caustic Resin Romm, Ronald

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Canadian Brass, The Rondinelli, Bob See Rainbow Ronettes, The 45 Roney, Wallace 33 Ronson, Mick See Mott the Hoople Ronstadt, Linda 2 Roog, John See Thompson Twins Roomful of Blues 7 Rooney, Joe Don See Rascal Flatts Root, James See Slipknot Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Roper, Dee Dee See Salt-N-Pepa Roper, Reese See Five Iron Frenzy Roper, Todd See Cake Rorschach, Poison Ivy See Cramps, The Rosario 43 Rosario, Papo See El Gran Combo Rosas, Cesar See Los Lobos Rose, Axl See Guns n’ Roses Rose, Felipe See Village People, The Rose, Fisher See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers Rose, Fred 58 Rose, Johanna Maria See Anonymous 4 Rose, Michael See Black Uhuru Rose, Morgan See Sevendust Rose, Tim 41 Rosen, Gary See Rosenshontz Rosen, Peter See War Rosenblatt, Joel See Spyro Gyra Rosenshontz 9 Rosenthal, David See Rainbow

See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The Ross, Jason See Seven Mary Three Ross, Malcolm See Aztec Camera Ross, Rick 61 Rossdale, Gavin See Bush Rosser, Hamish See Vines, The Rossi, Francis See Status Quo Rossi, John See Roomful of Blues Rossington, Gary See Lynyrd Skynyrd Rossy, Jose See Weather Report Rostill, John See Shadows, The Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Roswell, Stewart “Rosco” See Spacemen 3 Rota, Nino 13 Roth, C. P. See Blessid Union of Souls Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Roth, Gabrielle 26 Roth, Ulrich See Scorpions, The Rothchild, Dan See Tonic Rothe, Eddie See Searchers, The Rother, Michael See Neu! Rotheray, Dave See Beautiful South Rothwell, Evelyn 35 Rotsey, Martin See Midnight Oil Rotten, Johnny See Lydon, John Also see Sex Pistols, The Roumain, Daniel 54

Rowland, Kelly See Destiny’s Child Rowland, Kevin See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Rowlands, Bruce See Fairport Convention Rowlands, Euros See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Rowlands, Tom See Chemical Brothers, The Rowley, Andy See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Rowntree, Dave See Blur Roxette 23 Roxy Music 39 Roy, Jimmy See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Royal, Billy Joe 46 Royal Crown Revue 33 Royal Trux 29 Royer, Robb See Bread Rubano, Matt See Taking Back Sunday Rube Waddell 29 Rubin, Mark See Bad Livers, The Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Rubio, Paulina 39 Rucker, Darius See Hootie and the Blowfish Ru-D See Mudvayne Rudd, Phillip See AC/DC Rudd, Roswell 28 Rudolph, Paul See Hawkwind Rue, Caroline See Hole Ruff Endz 41 Ruffin, David 6 Also see Temptations, The Ruffin, Tamir See Dru Hill

Rourke, Andy See Killing Joke Also see Smiths, The

Ruffy, Dave See Aztec Camera Also see Waterboys, The

Rouse, Christopher 41

Ruiz, Francis See Great White

Rutsey, John See Rush

Ruley, Yuri See MxPx

Ryan, Cathie See Cherish the Ladies

Rumba Club 36

Ryan, David See Lemonheads, The

Rosenthal, Jurgen See Scorpions, The

Rouse, Josh 42

Rosenthal, Phil See Seldom Scene, The

Rowan, Peter 51

Rosenworcel, Brian See Guster Rosman, Ronnie See Tommy James and the Shondells Rosnes, Renée 44 Ross, Annie


Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Rowberry, Dave See Animals, The Rowe, Dwain See Restless Heart Rowe, Keith See AMM Rowe, Simon See Mojave 3

Ruffins, Kermit See Rebirth Brass Band

Rumbel, Nancy See Tingstad & Rumbel Rumsey, Vern See Unwound Run See Run DMC Run DMC 25

Earlier sketch in CM 4 Runaways, The 44 Rundgren, Todd 11 RuPaul 20 Rusby, Kate 29 Rush 8 Rush, Otis 12 Rushakoff, Harry See Concrete Blonde Rushen, Patrice 49 Rushing, Jimmy 37 Rushlow, Tim See Little Texas Russel See Gorillaz Russell, Alecia See Sounds of Blackness Russell, Alistair See Battlefield Band, The Russell, Allison See Po’ Girl Russell, Arthur 50 Russell, Graham See Air Supply Russell, Hal See Flying Luttenbachers, The Russell, Jack See Great White Russell, John See Steppenwolf Russell, Joseph See Persuasions, The Russell, Leon 35 Russell, Mark 6 Russell, Martin See Afro Celt Sound System Russell, Mike See Shudder to Think Russell, Pee Wee 25 Russell, Tom 26 Russo, Jeff See Tonic Russo, Marc See Yellowjackets Rust Epique See Crazy Town Rusted Root 26 Rutherford, Mike See Genesis Also see Mike & the Mechanics Rutherford, Paul See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Rutmanis, Kevin See Cows, The

Ryan, Mark See Country Joe and the Fish Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Ryan, Mick See Dave Clark Five, The

308 • Cumulative Musicians Index Ryan, Pat “Taco” See Asleep at the Wheel Rybska, Agnieszka See Rasputina Ryder, Mitch 23 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Röyksopp 57 Ryland, Jack See Three Dog Night RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Rzab, Greg See Black Crowes, The Rzewski, Frederic 57 Rzeznik, Johnny See Goo Goo Dolls, The S Club 7 37 Saadiq, Raphael 52 Saariaho, Kaija 43 Sabo, Dave See Bon Jovi Also see Skid Row Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Sadier, Laetitia See Stereolab Sadies, The 53 Saffery, Anthony See Cornershop Saffron See Republica Safina, Alessandro 42 Sage, Danny See D Generation Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sahir, Kadim al- 44 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Saint Etienne 28 Saint Vicious See Kottonmouth Kings Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Saints, The 40 Saint-Saëns, Camille 25 Sais, Fausto See Banda el Recodo Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Salazar, Arion See Third Eye Blind Salem, Kevin 32 Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Saliers, Emily See Indigo Girls Salisbury, Peter See Verve, The Saliva 38 Sally, Zak See Low Salmon, Michael See Prefab Sprout

Saltzman, Jeff See Sunset Valley Saluzzi, Dino 23 Salv See Carter USM Salvador, Henri 48 Sam and Dave 8 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Samples 58 Sampson, Caleb See Alloy Orchestra Sampson, Doug See Iron Maiden Sams, Dean See Lonestar Samson, J.D. See Le Tigre Samuels, Dave See Spyro Gyra Samuelson, Gar See Megadeth Samuelsson, Marie 47 Samwell-Smith, Paul See Yardbirds, The San Basilio, Paloma 60 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sanchez 38 Sanchez, Claudio See Coheed and Cambria Sánchez, David 40 Sanchez, Michel See Deep Forest Sanchez, Paul See Cowboy Mouth Sanctuary, Gary See Aztec Camera Sanders, Ed See Fugs, The Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Sanders, Ric See Fairport Convention Sanders, Steve See Oak Ridge Boys, The Sandison, Michael See Boards of Canada

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Sanford, Gary See Aztec Camera Sangare, Oumou 22 Sanger, David See Asleep at the Wheel Santamaria, Mongo 28 Sant’ Ambrogio, Sara See Eroica Trio Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santana, Juelz 58 Santiago, Herman See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Santiago, Joey See Pixies, The Santos, Domingo See El Gran Combo Sanz, Alejandro 35 Sapphire, Cylindra See Mediaeval Baebes Sarabia, Aldo See Banda el Recodo Sarabia, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Sarabia, Victor See Banda el Recodo Saraceno, Blues See Poison Sargent, Gray See Ralph Sharon Quartet Saryglar, Alexei See Huun-Huur-Tu Sasaki, Mamiko See Pizzicato Five Also see Pulp Sasha 39 Satchell, Clarence “Satch” See Ohio Players Satie, Erik 25 Satoh, Somei 49 Satriani, Joe 4 Sauguet, Henri 48 Saunders, Peter See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Saunders, Scott See Sons of the Desert

Savoy Brown 56 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Sawyer, Phil See Spencer Davis Group Sawyer, Ray See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Sawyer Brown 27 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Saxa See English Beat, The Saxon, Stan See Dave Clark Five, The Scabies, Rat See Damned, The Scaccia, Mike See Ministry Scaggs, Boz 12 Scaggs, Shawn See Atomic Fireballs, The Scales See Nappy Roots Scallions, Brett See Fuel Scalzo, Tony See Fastball Scanlan, Deirdre See Solas Scanlon, Craig See Fall, The Scanlon, Phil See Idlewild Scannell, Matt See Vertical Horizon Scantlin, Wes See Puddle of Mudd Scarface 41 Also see Geto Boys, The Scelsi, Giacinto 47 Schacher, Mel See Grand Funk Railroad Also see ? and the Mysterians Schafer, Danny See Screeching Weasel Scharin, Doug 32 Schayer, Bobby See Bad Religion Scheidt, Dean Norman See Lane, Fred

Sandler, Adam 19

Saunier, Greg See Deerhoof

Schelhaas, Jan See Camel Also see Caravan

Sandman, Mark See Morphine

Savage, Paul See Delgados, The

Schellard, Martin See Spiritualized

Sandmel, Ben See Hackberry Ramblers

Savage, Rick See Def Leppard

Schellenbach, Kate See Luscious Jackson

Sandoval, Arturo 15

Savage, Scott See Jars of Clay

Schemel, Patty See Hole

Savage Garden 32

Schenker, Michael See Scorpions, The

Sandoval, Hope See Mazzy Star Sandoval, Jesse See Shins, The

Savall, Jordi 44

Sandoval, Sonny See P.O.D.

Saville, Christian See Slowdive Savoy, Ann 47

Schenkman, Eric See Spin Doctors

Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16

Sands, Aaron See Jars of Clay

Salt-N-Pepa 6

Sandsten, Fredrik

Savoy, Rob See Cowboy Mouth

Schermie, Joe See Three Dog Night

Salnikova, Lydia See Bering Strait Saloman, Nick See Bevis Frond

Saves the Day 59

Schenker, Rudolf See Scorpions, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Scherpenzeel, Ton See Camel Scheuchzer, Michael See MercyMe Schick, Steven See Bang on a Can All-Stars Schickele, Karla See Ida Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Schlesinger, Adam See Fountains of Wayne Schlitt, John See Petra Schloss, Zander See Circle Jerks, The Schmelling, Johannes See Tangerine Dream Schmersal, John See Brainiac Schmid, Daniel See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Schmid, Don See Northern Pikes, The Schmidt, Irmin See Can Schmit, Timothy See Eagles, The Schmoovy Schmoove See Digital Underground Schneck, Jonathan See Relient K Schneider, Carmen See Mediaeval Baebes Schneider, Christoph See Rammstein Schneider, Florian See James Gang Schneider, Florian See Kraftwerk Schneider, Fred III See B-52’s, The Schneider, Maria 48 Schneider, Robert See Apples in Stereo Schneider, Stefan See To Rococo Rot Schneiderman, Leon See Oingo Boingo Schnelle, Deborah See Sierra Schnier, Al See moe. Schnitzler, Conrad See Tangerine Dream Schock, Gina See Go-Go’s, The

Schönfeldt, Fredrik See Wannadies, The Schönfeldt, Stefan See Wannadies, The Schools, Dave See Widespread Panic Schorr, Michael See Death Cab for Cutie Schramm, Dave See Yo La Tengo Schroader, Doni See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Schrody, Erik See House of Pain Also see Everlast Schroer, Oliver 29 Schroyder, Steve See Tangerine Dream Schulman, Mark See Foreigner Schulz, Guenter See KMFDM Schulzberg, Robert See Placebo Schulze, Klaus See Tangerine Dream Schumaker, Dirk See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Schuman, Tom See Spyro Gyra Schuman, William 10 Schütze, Paul 32 Schuur, Diane 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Schwab, Andrew See Project 86 Schwartz, Dorothy See Chordettes, The Schwartz, Will See Imperial Teen Schwartzberg, Alan See Mountain Schwartzman, Jason See Phantom Planet Schwartzman, Josh See Rumba Club Schwarz, Brinsley See Brinsley Schwarz Schwarz, Gerard 45 Schweizer, Irène 46 Scialfa, Patti 51

Schoenbeck, Scott See Promise Ring, The

Scott, Andrew See Sloan

Scholl, Andreas 38

Scott, Andy See Sweet

Scholten, Jim See Sawyer Brown

Scissor Sisters 61 Sclavunos, Jim See Congo Norvell Scofield, John 7 Scorpions, The 12

Cumulative Musicians Index • 309 Scott, Jill 39 Scott, Jimmy 14 Scott, Josey See Saliva Scott, Martin See Aereogramme Scott, Mike See Waterboys, The Scott, Ronald Belford “Bon” See AC/DC Scott, Sherry See Earth, Wind and Fire Scott, Simon See Slowdive Scott, Tony 32 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Screaming Trees 19 Screeching Weasel 48 Scroggins, Chistelle See ESG Scroggins, Deborah See ESG Scroggins, Marie See ESG Scroggins, Nicole See ESG Scroggins, Renee See ESG Scroggins, Valerie See ESG Scruggs, Earl 3 Scruggs, Randy 28 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Sea and Cake, The 48 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seales, Jim See Shenandoah Seals, Brady See Little Texas Seals, Dan 9 Seals, Jim See Seals & Crofts Seals & Crofts 3 Seaman, Ken See Bluegrass Patriots Searchers, The 41 Sears, Pete See Jefferson Starship Sebadoh 26 Sebastian, John See Lovin’ Spoonful Sebesky, Don 33 Sebestyén, Márta 47 Secada, Jon 13 Secola, Keith 45 Secrest, Wayne See Confederate Railroad Sed, Billy See Giant Sand Sedaka, Neil 4

Seger, David See Giant Sand Segovia, Andres 6 Segundo, Compay 45 Seidel, Martie See Dixie Chicks Selah 61 Selberg, Shannon See Cows, The Seldom Scene, The 4 Selena 16 Seligman, Matthew See Thompson Twins Sellars, Rodney See Sense Field Sellers, Jim See Stabbing Westward Selvidge, Steve See Lucero Selway, Phil See Radiohead Semisonic 32 Semko, Jay See Northern Pikes, The Sen Dog See Cypress Hill Senior, Milton See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Senior, Russell See Pulp Sennett, Blake See Rilo Kiley Sense Field 39 Sensi See Soul II Soul Sensible, Captain See Damned, The Sepultura 12 Seraphine, Daniel See Chicago Sergeant, Will See Echo and the Bunnymen Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD Serneholt, Marie See A*Teens Serrato, Eddie See ? and the Mysterians Setari, Craig See Sick of It All Sete, Bola 26 Settles, Walter See Fairfield Four Setzer, Brian 32 Also see Stray Cats, The Setzer, Philip See Emerson String Quartet Seven Mary Three 39 Sevendust 37 Seventy Sevens, The 46 Severin, Steven See Siouxsie and the Banshees

Scott, Darrell 54

Seeger, Peggy 25

Scholz, Tom See Boston

Scott, George See Five Blind Boys of Alabama

Severinsen, Doc 1

Schon, Neal See Journey

Scott, Howard See War

Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Seger, Bob 15

Sex Pistols, The 5

Sewell, Geoff See Amici Forever

310 • Cumulative Musicians Index Sexsmith, Ron 27 Sexton, Chad See 311 Sexton, Martin 41 Seymour, Neil See Crowded House Shabalala, Ben See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Headman See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Jockey See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Joseph See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Msizi See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Sibongiseni See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Thulani See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabo, Eric See Atomic Fireballs, The Shack, Richard See James Gang Shade, Will See Memphis Jug Band Shadow, DJ 19 Shadows, The 22 Shaffer, James See Korn Shaffer, Paul 13 Shaffer, Robby See MercyMe Shaggs, The 46 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Shaggy 2 Dope See Insane Clown Posse Shaham, Gil 35 Shai 23 Shakespeare, Robbie See Sly and Robbie Also see Black Uhuru Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shakur, Tupac See 2Pac Shallenberger, James See Kronos Quartet Shamen, The 23 Shane, Bob See Kingston Trio, The Shangri-Las, The 35 Shanice 14 Shankar, Anoushka 46 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shannon, Del 10 Shannon, Sarah See Velocity Girl

Shapiro, Jim See Veruca Salt Shapiro, Lee See Four Seasons, The Shapiro, Steve See Imperials, The Shapps, Andre See Big Audio Dynamite Sharkey, Feargal See Undertones, The Sharon, Lois & Bram 6 Sharon, Ralph See Ralph Sharon Quartet Sharp, Alexander See Orioles, The Sharp, Dave See Alarm Sharp, Elliott 50 Sharp, Laura See Sweet Honey in the Rock Sharp, Matt See Rentals, The Also see Weezer Sharpe, Ray 53 Sharpe, Trevor See Mediaeval Baebes Sharpe, Trevor See Minty Sharrock, Chris See Lightning Seeds Sharrock, Sonny 15 Shaw, Adrian See Bevis Frond Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shaw, Ethan See Derailers, The Shaw, Marlena 53 Shaw, Martin See Jamiroquai Shaw, Robert 32 Shaw, Tommy See Styx Shaw, Woody 27 Shay, Todd See SonicFlood Shea, Tom See Scud Mountain Boys Sheaff, Lawrence See AMM Sheaffer, Todd See Railroad Earth Shearer, Harry See Spinal Tap Shearing, George 28 Shears, Jake See Scissor Sisters Shears, Steve See Ultravox SHeDAISY 36

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Sheehan, Fran See Boston Sheep on Drugs 27 Sheeran, Phil 51 Sheik, Duncan 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Sheldon, George See Blue Mountain Sheldon, Scott See Guttermouth Shellac 46 Shellenberger, Allen See Lit Shelley, Peter See Buzzcocks, The Shelley, Steve See Sonic Youth Shelton, Blake 45 Shelton, Seb See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Shenandoah 17 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Shepard, Kevin See Tonic Shepard, Vonda 35 Shepherd, Brad See Hoodoo Gurus Shepherd, Hunter “Ben” See Soundgarden Shepherd, John See Northwoods Improvisers Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shepp, Archie 43 Sheppard, Rodney See Sugar Ray Sherba, John See Kronos Quartet, The Sherinian, Derek See Dream Theater Sherman, Jack See Red Hot Chili Peppers Sherwood, Adrian 31 Shezbie, Derrick See Rebirth Brass Band Shields, Kevin See My Bloody Valentine Shiflett, Chris See Foo Fighters Shiflett, Scott See Face to Face Shifty Shellshock See Crazy Town Shihad 34 Shilton, Paul See Quickspace Shimada, Noriko See Ensemble Modern Shines, Johnny 14

Shirley, Jerry See Humble Pie Shivaree 60 Shively, William See Big Mountain Shives, Andrew See Fear Factory Shock G See Digital Underground Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Shocklee, Hank 15 Shogren, Dave See Doobie Brothers, The Shonen Knife 13 Shontz, Bill See Rosenshontz Shore, Dinah 36 Shore, Howard 48 Shore, Pete See Boss Hog Short, Bobby 55 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Shostakovich, Dmitry 42 Shovell See M People Showalter, Ricky See Liquid Soul Showtime, Johnny See Liquid Soul Shreve, Floyd See Hackberry Ramblers Shuck, Ryan See Orgy Shudder to Think 20 Shuffield, Joey See Fastball Shyne 54 Siberry, Jane 6 Sice See Boo Radleys, The Sick of It All 41 Sidelnyk, Steve See Aztec Camera Sidney, Hilarie See Apples in Stereo Siebels, Jon See Eve 6 Siebenberg, Bob See Supertramp

Shinoda, Mike See Linkin Park

Signorelli, Mark See Swell

Siebert, Chris See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Siegal, Janis See Manhattan Transfer, The Sierra 60 Sigel, Beanie 55

Shannon, Sean See Molly Hatchet

Shedden, Iain See Saints, The

Shins, The 52

Sigur Rós 31

Shannon, Sharon See Waterboys, The

Sheehan, Billy See Niacin

Shipp, Matthew 31

Sikes, C. David See Boston

Shanté 10

Sheehan, Bobby See Blues Traveler

Shirley, Danny See Confederate Railroad

Shapey, Ralph 42

Shirelles, The 11

Silk 26 Silk, Garnett 39

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Sill, Judee 61 Sills, Beverly 5 Silly Wizard 36 Silva, Alan 45 Silva, Kenny Jo See Beaver Brown Band, The Silver, Horace 19 Silver, Josh See Type O Negative Silver Apples 23 Silverchair 20 Silveria, David See Korn Silverstein, Shel 51 Silvester, Andy See Savoy Brown Silvestri, Alan 37 Simeon See Silver Apples Simien, Terrance 12 Simins, Russell See Jon Spencer Blues Explosion Simmonds, Kim See Savoy Brown Simmons, Gene See Kiss Simmons, Joe “Run” See Run DMC Simmons, Patrick See Doobie Brothers, The Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Simmons, Trinna See Spearhead Simms, Nick See Cornershop Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simon, Robin See Ultravox Simon and Garfunkel 24 Simonal, Wilson 33 Simone, Nina 11 Simonian, Ashod See Earlimart Simonon, Paul See Clash, The Simons, Ed See Chemical Brothers, The Simple Minds 21 Simple Plan 53 Simpson, Ashlee 58 Simpson, Denis See Nylons, The Simpson, Derrick “Gong” See Black Uhuru Simpson, Gerald See 808 State Simpson, Jessica 52 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Simpson, Lester See Coope, Boyes & Simpson

Simpson, Mark See Flotsam and Jetsam Simpson, Mel See US3 Simpson, Mike See Dust Brothers Simpson, Ray See Village People, The Simpson, Rose See Incredible String Band Simpson, Tom See Snow Patrol Sims, David William See Jesus Lizard Sims, Matt See Citizen King Sims, Neil See Catherine Wheel Sims, Rick See Supersuckers Sims, Zoot 37 Sin, Will See Shamen, The Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sinatra, Nancy 52 Sinclair, David See Camel Also see Caravan Sinclair, Eon See Bedouin Soundclash Sinclair, Gord See Tragically Hip, The Sinclair, Richard See Camel Also see Caravan Sinfield, Peter See King Crimson Singer, Eric See Black Sabbath Also see Kiss Singh, Talvin 44 See Massive Attack Singh, Tjinder See Cornershop Singletary, Daryle 41 Sioux, Siouxsie See Siouxsie and the Banshees Siouxsie and the Banshees 8 Sir Mix-A-Lot 14 Sir Rap-A-Lot See Geto Boys, The Sirois, Joe See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Sisqó 34 Also see Dru Hill Sissel 42 Sissokho, Moussa See Afro Celt Sound System Sister Bliss See Faithless Sister Hazel 34 Sister Sledge 37 Siverton See Specials, The Six by Seven 35

Cumulative Musicians Index • 311 Sixpence None the Richer 26 Sixx, Nikki See Mötley Crüe Sixx, Roger See Less Than Jake Size, Roni 31 Sizzla 36 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Skatalites, The 18 Skeete, Beverley See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Skehan, John See Railroad Earth Skeoch, Tommy See Tesla Sketch See 23 Skidoo Skiba, Matt See Alkaline Trio Skid Row 48 Skill, Mike See Romantics, The Skillet 54 Skillings, Muzz See Living Colour Skinny DeVille See Nappy Roots Skinny Puppy 17 Sklamberg, Lorin See Klezmatics, The Skold, Tim See Marilyn Manson Skoob See Das EFX Skopelitis, Nicky See Golden Palominos Skunk Anansie 27 Slade 54 Slash See Guns n’ Roses Slater, Luke 38 Slater, Rodney See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Slatkin, Leonard 41 Slattery, Mick See Hawkwind Slay, Gregory See Remy Zero

See Ben Folds Five Sleet, Nicole See Mediaeval Baebes Slesinger, Bruce “Ted” See Dead Kennedys Slichter, Jake See Semisonic Slick, Grace 33 Also see Jefferson Airplane Slick Rick 27 Slife, Gibb See Les Savy Fav Slijngaard, Ray See 2 Unlimited Slim See 112 Slint 55 Slipknot 30 Slits, The 49 Sloan 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Sloan, Allen See Dixie Dregs Sloan, Eliot See Blessid Union of Souls Sloane, Carol 36 Sloas, Jimmie Lee See Imperials, The Slobberbone 38 Slocum, Matt See Sixpence None the Richer Slovak, Hillel See Red Hot Chili Peppers Slowdive 40 Slum Village 51 Sly, Randy “Ginger” See Atomic Fireballs, The Sly and Robbie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Sly & the Family Stone 24 Slye, Leonard Franklin See Sons of the Pioneers Small, Heather See M People Small, Phil See Cold Chisel Smalley, Dave See Down By Law Smalley, Dave See Raspberries

Slayer 10

Smalls, Derek See Spinal Tap

Sleater-Kinney 46 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Smárason, Övar Poreyjarson See Múm

Sledd, Dale See Osborne Brothers, The

Smarr, Rod See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show

Sledge, Debbie See Sister Sledge Sledge, Joni See Sister Sledge Sledge, Kathy See Sister Sledge Sledge, Kim See Sister Sledge Sledge, Percy 15 Sledge, Robert

Smart, Terence See Butthole Surfers Smart II, N.D. See Mountain Smash, Chas See Madness Smash Mouth 27 Smashing Pumpkins 36 Earlier sketch in CM 13

312 • Cumulative Musicians Index Smear, Pat See Foo Fighters Also see Germs, The Smelly See NOFX Smith, Aaron See Seventy Sevens, The Smith, Adrian See Iron Maiden Smith, Allen See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Smith, Andrew See Danielson Smith, Bessie 3 Smith, Brad See Blind Melon Smith, Chad See Red Hot Chili Peppers Smith, Charles See Kool & the Gang Smith, Chas See Cobra Verde Smith, Chris See Van der Graaf Generator Smith, Claydes See Kool & the Gang Smith, Clifford See Method Man Smith, Curt See Tears for Fears Smith, Daniel See Danielson Smith, Davis See Danielson Smith, Debbie See Curve Also see Echobelly Smith, Elin See Danielson Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Fran See Hooters Smith, Fred See Blondie Smith, Fred See MC5, The Smith, Fred See Television Smith, Garth See Buzzcocks, The Smith, Graham See Van der Graaf Generator

See Flotsam and Jetsam Smith, Kendra See Dream Syndicate Smith, Kevin See dc Talk Smith, Lavay See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Smith, “Legs” Larry See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Smith, Mark E. See Fall, The Smith, Martin See Delirious? Smith, Megan See Danielson Smith, Michael W. 49 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Smith, Mike See Dave Clark Five, The Smith, Mike See Paul Revere & The Raiders Smith, Parrish See EPMD Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smith, Paul See Imperials, The Smith, Rachel See Danielson Smith, Rick See Underworld Smith, Robert See Cure, The Smith, Robert See Spinners, The Smith, Roger See Tower of Power Also see Siouxsie and the Banshees Smith, Sammi 48

Smith, Greg See Rainbow

Smith, Steve See Dirty Vegas

Smith, James “Smitty” See Three Dog Night

Smith, Steve See Journey

Smith, Jerome See KC and the Sunshine Band

Smith, Stewart See Delirious?

Smith, Jimmy 30

Smith, Tim See Jellyfish

Smith, Jimmy 54 Smith, Jocelyn B. 30 Smith, Joe See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Smith, Keely 29 Smith, Kelly

Smith, Scott See Loverboy Smith, Shannon See Imperials, The Smith, Shawn See Brad Smith, Simon See Wedding Present, The Smith, Smitty See Three Dog Night Smith, Spike See Damned, The

Smith, Todd See Selah Smith, Tommy 28 Smith, Tweed See War

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Smith, Tyler See Guttermouth Smith, Wendy See Prefab Sprout Smith, Whit See Hot Club of Cowtown Smith, Willie 58 Smith, Will 26 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Smith, Zachary See Loud Family, The Smithereens, The 14 Smiths, The 3 Smog 28 Smyth, Gilli See Gong Smyth, Joe See Sawyer Brown Smythe, Danny See Box Tops, The Sneaker Pimps 60 Sneed, Floyd Chester See Three Dog Night Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Snoop Doggy Dogg See Snoop Doog Snouffer, Alex “Alex St. Clair” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Snow 23 Snow, Don See Squeeze Snow, Hank 29 Snow, Phoebe 4 Snow Patrol 59 Snyder, Richard “Midnight Hatsize Snyder” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Soan, Ashley See Del Amitri Sobule, Jill 20 Social Distortion 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Sodergren, Kurt See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Soft Cell 43 Soft Machine 36 Sokolof, Alan See Four Lads, The Solal, Martial 4 Solas 34 Solem, Phil See Rembrandts, The Solinger, Johnny See Skid Row Solis, Marco 56 Sollenberger, Isobel See Bardo Pond Soloff, Lew See Blood, Sweat and Tears Solowka, Peter See Wedding Present, The Solti, Georg 13 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31

Son by Four 35 Son Volt 21 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Sonefeld, Jim See Hootie and the Blowfish Songs: Ohia 49 Sonic Youth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 SonicFlood 51 Sonique 45 Sonnenberg, Nadja Salerno See Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja Sonni, Jack See Dire Straits Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sonnier, Lennis See Hackberry Ramblers Sonny and Cher 24 Sons of the Desert 44 Sons of the Pioneers 53 Soraya 46 Sorum, Matt See Cult, The Sosa, Mercedes 3 Sosna, Rudolf See Faust Soto, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Soucie, Michael See Surfin’ Pluto Soul Asylum 10 Soul Coughing 21 Soul II Soul 17 Soule, Mickey Lee See Rainbow Soulfly 33 Soulive 44 Soul Stirrers, The 11 Soundgarden 6 Sounds of Blackness 13 Soundtrack of Our Lives, The 56 Sousa, John Philip 10 South, Joe 59 Southerland, Bill See Kilgore Southern Culture on the Skids 42 Spacehog 29 Spacemen 3 31 Spag See Mudvayne Spaghetti, Eddie See Supersuckers Spall, Rob See Soft Machine Spampinato, Joey See NRBQ Spampinato, Johnny See NRBQ Spaniels, The 43 Spann, Otis 18 Sparhawk, Alan See Low Sparks 18 Sparks, Brett See Handsome Family, The



Sparks, Chris “Cornbread” See Workhorse Movement, The Sparks, Donita See L7 Sparks, Rennie See Handsome Family, The Spaulding, James See World Saxophone Quartet Spaulding, Neal Otto See Two Dollar Pistols Spear, Roger Ruskin See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Speare, Paul See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Spearhead 19 Spearman, Glenn 55 Spearritt, Hannah See S Club 7 Spears, Britney 28 Special Ed 16 Specials, The 21 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spector, Ronnie 28 Also see Ronettes, The Spedding, Chris 61 Speech See Arrested Development Speedo See Rocket from the Crypt Speiser, Jerry See Men at Work Spektor, Regina 60 Spellman, Jim See Velocity Girl Spence, Alexander “Skip” See Jefferson Airplane Also see Moby Grape Spence, Alister See Clarion Fracture Zone Spence, Cecil See Israel Vibration Spence, Skip See Spence, Alexander “Skip” Spencer, Bruce See Seventy Sevens, The Spencer, Dan See O.C. Supertones, The Spencer, Jeremy See Fleetwood Mac

Spillane, Scott See Neutral Milk Hotel Spin Doctors 14 Spinal Tap 8 Spindt, Don See Aqua Velvets Spinners, The 21 Spiral Starecase 51 Spirit 22 Spiritualized 43 Spiteri, Sharleen See Texas Spitz, Dan See Anthrax Spitz, Dave See Black Sabbath Spivey, Victoria 44 Sponberg, Nicol See Selah Sponge 18 Spongetones, The 34 Spoon 34 Spooner, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Spoons, Sam See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Spring, Keith See NRBQ Spring Heel Jack 30 Springfield, Dusty 20 Springfield, Rick 9 Springsteen, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Sproule, Daithi See Altan Sprout, Tobin See Guided By Voices Spruance, Trey See Mr. Bungle Spyro Gyra 34 Squeeze 5 Squire, Chris See Yes Squire, John See Stone Roses, The Squires, Rob See Big Head Todd and the Monsters Squirrel Nut Zippers 20 Stabbing Westward 35

Spencer, Jim See Dave Clark Five, The

Stacey, Peter “Spider” See Pogues, The

Spencer, Jon See Boss Hog Also see Jon Spencer Blues Explosion

Stacia See Hawkwind Stacy, Jeremy See Aztec Camera

Starr, Garrison 38

Spencer, Thad See Jayhawks, The

Staehely, Al See Spirit

Starr, Mike See Alice in Chains

Spencer, Vernon Tim See Sons of the Pioneers

Staehely, J. Christian See Spirit

Spencer Davis Group 19

Stafford, Jimmy See Train

Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The

Sperske, Aaron See Pernice Brothers Spice Girls 22

Stafford, Jo 24

See Foo Fighters Staind 31 Staley, Layne See Alice in Chains Staley, Tom See NRBQ Stalling, Carl 50 Stallings, Ron See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stamey, Chris See dB’s, The Stamp, Leroy See Paragons, The Stampley, Joe 51 Stanier, John See Helmet Stanisic, Ched See Cobra Verde Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Stanley, Bob See Saint Etienne Stanley, Ian See Tears for Fears Stanley, Paul See Kiss Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stansfield, Lisa 9 Stanshall, Vivian See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Stanton, Phil See Blue Man Group Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Staples, Neville See Specials, The Staples, Pops 11 Stapp, Scott See Creed Starcrunch See Man or Astroman? Starflyer 59 50 Starker, Janos 32 Starkey, Kathryn La Verne See Starr, Kay Starkey, Richard See Starr, Ringo Starks, Tia Juana See Sweet Honey in the Rock Starling, John See Seldom Scene, The Starr, Edwin 50

Stax, John See Pretty Things, The St. Cin, Steve See Beulah Stead, David See Beautiful South Steady See Minty Steaks, Chuck See Quicksilver Messenger Service Stebbins, Jone See Imperial Teen Steel, Chris See Alexisonfire Steel, John See Animals, The Steel, Richard See Spacehog Steel Pulse 14 Steele, Billy See Sounds of Blackness Steele, David See English Beat, The Also see Fine Young Cannibals Steele, Davy See Battlefield Band, The Steele, Jeffrey See Boy Howdy Steele, Michael “Micki” See Bangles, The Also see Runaways, The

Starr, Frank “Andy” 47

Stein, Laura See Pernice Brothers

Starr, Kay 27

Steele, Peter See Type O Negative Steeleye Span 19 Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Steen, Scott See Royal Crown Revue Stefani, Gwen See No Doubt Stefansson, Baldur See Gus Gus Steier, Rick See Warrant Stein, Andy See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Stein, Chris See Blondie Stein, Hal See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers

Steinberg, Lewis See Booker T. & the M.G.’s Steinberg, Sebastian See Soul Coughing Steinhardt, Robby See Kansas

Starship See Jefferson Airplane

Stephens, Jody See Big Star

Stafford, Tim See Blue Highway

Statler Brothers, The 8

Spiderbait 39

Staton, Candi 45

Stephens, Jody See Golden Smog

Spillane, Davy 48

Stahl, Franz

Status Quo 40

Stephenson, Van Wesley

314 • Cumulative Musicians Index Stewart, John See Kingston Trio, The Stewart, Larry See Restless Heart Stewart, Mark See Bang on a Can All-Stars Stewart, Natalie See Floetry Stewart, Reggie See Rebirth Brass Band Stewart, Rex See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Stewart, Robert See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stewart, Ron See Lynn Morris Band Stewart, Sylvester See Sly & the Family Stone Stewart, Tommy See Godsmack Stewart, Tyler See Barenaked Ladies Stewart, Vaetta See Sly & the Family Stone Stewart, William See Third World Stewart, Winston “Metal” See Mystic Revealers St. Hubbins, David See Spinal Tap Sticman See Dead Prez Stiff, Jimmy See Jackyl Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stinson, Bob See Replacements, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Stockberger, John See Sense Field Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Stockman, Shawn See Boyz II Men Stockwood, Kim 26 Stoeckel, Steve See Spongetones, The Stoermer, Mark See Killers, The Stoker, Gordan See Jordanaires, The Stoll See Clannad Also see Big Mountain Stoller, Mike See Leiber and Stoller Stoltz, Brian See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The Stoltzman, Richard 24 Stonadge, Gary See Big Audio Dynamite Stone, Angie 37 Stone, Curtis See Highway 101 Stone, David See Rainbow Stone, Doug 10 Stone, Joss 52 Stone, Kim See Rippingtons Also see Spyro Gyra Stone, Martin See Savoy Brown Stone, Sly 8 Stone Temple Pilots 36 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Stonehill, Randy 44 Stone Roses, The 16 Stookey, Paul See Peter, Paul & Mary Stopholese, Marcus See AFI Storch, Scott 61 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Story, The 13 Stotts, Richie See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics

Stewart, Derrell See Florida Boys, The

Stirratt, John See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco

Stewart, Derrick “Fatlip” See Pharcyde, The

Stirratt, Laurie See Blue Mountain

Stewart, Eric See 10cc

Stitt, Sonny 59

Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Strawbs 37 Stray Cats, The 11 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Street, Richard See Temptations, The Streets, The 50 Strehli, Angela 58 Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strickland, Keith See B-52’s, The String Trio of New York 40 String Cheese Incident, The 34 Stringer, Gary See Reef Strokes, The 37 Strömberg, Lars See (International Strouse, Charles 43 Strummer, Joe See Clash, The Stryi, Wolfgang See Ensemble Modern Strykert, Ron See Men at Work Stryper 2 Stuart, Hamish See Average White Band Stuart, Mark See Audio Adrenaline Stuart, Marty 9 Stuart, Michael See Love Stuart, Peter See Dog’s Eye View Stubblefield, John See Lucero Stubbs, Levi See Four Tops, The Stucky, Steven 55 Studdard, Ruben 61 Stump, Patrick See Fall Out Boy Stumpf, Lawrence See French Kicks Stumpf, Nick See French Kicks Sturmer, Andy See Jellyfish Sturr, Jimmy 33 St. Werner, Jan See Mouse on Mars Styne, Jule 21 Styrene, Poly See X-Ray Spex Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Sub Commander Ras I Zulu See Spearhead

St. James, Rebecca 26

Stranglers, The 31

Subdudes, The 18

Stewart, Freddie See Sly & the Family Stone

St. John, Mark See Kiss

Stratton, Dennis See Iron Maiden

Sublime 19

Stewart, Ian See Rolling Stones, The

St. Marie, Buffy See Sainte-Marie, Buffy

Strauss, Richard 25

Stewart, Jamie See Cult, The

St. Nicholas, Nick See Steppenwolf

Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos

See BlackHawk Steppenwolf 20 Sterban, Richard See Oak Ridge Boys, The Stereo MC’s 34 Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Stereophonics 29 Sterling, Jay See Love Sterling, Lester See Skatalites, The Stern, Isaac 7 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Steve See Carter USM Steve See Fun Lovin’ Criminals Stevens, April See Nino Tempo & April Stevens Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Rachel See S Club 7 Stevens, Ray 7 Stevens, Rick See Tower of Power Stevens, Roger See Blind Melon Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stevens, Tone See Savoy Brown Stevens, Tony See Foghat Stevens, Vol See Memphis Jug Band Stevenson, Bill See Black Flag Stevenson, Don See Moby Grape Stevenson, James See Gene Loves Jezebel Stever, Travis See Coheed and Cambria Steward, Pat See Odds Stewart, Andy M. See Silly Wizard Stewart, Bill See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stewart, Dave See Eurythmics

Stinson, Tommy See Replacements, The Stipe, Michael See Golden Palominos Also see R.E.M.

Strachan, Andy See Living End, The Stradlin, Izzy See Guns n’ Roses Strain, Sammy See O’Jays, The

Stravinsky, Igor 21

Such, Alec John See Bon Jovi Sucherman, Todd See Styx Suchy, Renee



See Pursuit of Happiness, The Sudden, Nikki 59 Suede 20 Suede, John See Culture Club Sugar Ray 22 Sugarcubes, The 10 Sugarhill Gang 60 Sugarland 61 Suicidal Tendencies 15 Sulley, Suzanne See Human League, The Sullivan, Bill See Golden Smog Sullivan, Danny See Beulah Sullivan, Dan See Screeching Weasel Sullivan, Jacqui See Bananarama Sullivan, Jeff See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Sullivan, Justin “Slade the Leveller” See New Model Army Sullivan, Kirk See 4Him Sum 41 38 Sumac, Yma 50 Summer, Donna 12 Summer, Mark See Turtle Island String Quartet Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Summers, Bill See Los Hombres Calientes Sumner, Bernard See Joy Division Also see New Order Sun, Elizabeth See Gogol Bordello Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Sundays, The 20 Sundholm, Norm See Kingsmen, The Sun-J See Asian Dub Foundation Sunny Day Real Estate 28 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sunset Valley 31 Super DJ Dmitry See Deee-lite Super Furry Animals 28 Superchunk 29 Superdrag 23 Supergrass 30 Supersuckers 50 Supertramp 25 Supremes, The 6

Sutcliffe, Stu See Beatles, The Sutherland, Joan 13 Sutherland, Stacy See 13th Floor Elevators Sutter, Wendy See Bang on a Can All-Stars Suzuki, Kenji “Damo” See Can Sveinsson, Kjartan See Sigur Rós Svenigsson, Magnus See Cardigans Svenonious, Ian See Make-Up, The Svensson, Peter See Cardigans Svigals, Alicia See Klezmatics, The Swan, Billy 60 Also see Beulah Swan Silvertones, The 39 Swanson, Dave See Cobra Verde Swarbrick, Dave See Fairport Convention Swarzenbach, Blake See Jawbreaker Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet 39 Sweet, Matthew 9 Sweet, Michael See Stryper Sweet, Phillip See Little Big Town Sweet, Rachel 48 Sweet, Robert See Stryper Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sweethearts of the Rodeo 12 Swell 31 Swervedriver 31 Swift, Richard See Starflyer 59 Swifty See D12 Swing, DeVante See Jodeci Swing Out Sister 40 Swinny, Wayne See Saliva Swinscoe, Jason See Cinematic Orchestra Switchfoot 48 Swizz Beatz 56 Swope, Martin See Mission of Burma SWV 14

See Hollies, The Sylvian, David 27 System of a Down 36 T. Rex 11 Tabac, Tony See Joy Division Tabackin, Lew 47 Taboo See Black Eyed Peas Tabor, June 38 Tabor, Ty See King’s X Tabuchi, Shoji 55 Tackett, Fred See Little Feat Tacuma, Jamaaladeen See Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Tadlock, Tom See Tuxedomoon Tafelmusik 49 Taff See Killing Joke Taff, Russ See Imperials, The TAFKAP (The Artist Formerly Known as Prince) See Prince Taggart, Jeremy See Our Lady Peace Tait, Chris See Fixx, The Tait, Michael See dc Talk Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tajima, Takao See Pizzicato Five Takac, Robby See Goo Goo Dolls, The Takahashi, Maki See Blonde Redhead Takanami, Keitaro See Pizzicato Five

Suptic, Jim See Get Up Kids

Sykes, John See Whitesnake

Talbot, John Michael 6

Taylor, Gene See Blasters, The

Suranovitch, George See Love

Sykes, Roosevelt 20

Talbot, Mick See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Taylor, Isaiah See Baha Men

Sure!, Al B. 13

Sylvain, Sylvain See New York Dolls

Talcum, Joe Jack See Dead Milkmen

Taylor, James “J.T.” See Kool & the Gang

Surfaris, The 23

Sylvester 53

Talk Talk 19

Surfin’ Pluto 24

Sylvester, Terry

Talking Heads 1

Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Takeda, Clint See Bardo Pond Takemitsu, Toru 6 Taking Back Sunday 58 Takizawa, Taishi See Ghost Talamantez, Abel See Kumbia Kings Talbot, Ivor See Divine Comedy, The Talbot, Joby See Divine Comedy, The

Tall Paul 36 Talley, Gary See Box Tops, The Talley, Nedra See Ronettes, The Talmy, Shel 52 Tamia 34 Tampa Red 25 Tan Dun 33 Tandy, Richard See Electric Light Orchestra Tangerine Dream 12 Tankian, Serj See System of a Down Tañón, Olga 39 Tantric 36 Taquino, Mike See Normals, The Taree, Aerle See Arrested Development Tate, Aaron See Caedmon’s Call Tate, Buddy 33 Tate, Cinjun See Remy Zero Tate, Geoff See Queensryche Tate, Howard 45 Tate, Shelby See Remy Zero Tatum, Art 17 Taul, Matt See Days of the New Taul, Matt See Tantric Taupin, Bernie 22 Tavener, John 45 Taylor, Aaron See MC Eiht Taylor, Andy See Duran Duran Taylor, Ben 60 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Taylor, Chad See Live Taylor, Corey See Slipknot Taylor, Courtney See Dandy Warhols Taylor, Dan See Silver Apples Taylor, Dave See Pere Ubu Taylor, Dick See Rolling Stones, The Taylor, Earl See Country Gentlemen, The

316 • Cumulative Musicians Index Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, James See Kool & the Gang Taylor, Johnnie See Soul Stirrers, The Taylor, John See Duran Duran Taylor, Kate 30 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Larry See Canned Heat Taylor, Leroy See Soul Stirrers, The Taylor, Madelaine See Silly Wizard Taylor, Melvin See Ventures, The Taylor, Mick See Rolling Stones, The Also see Pretty Things, The Taylor, Otis 60 Taylor, Paul See Rippingtons Taylor, Philip “Philthy Animal” See Motörhead Taylor, Roger Meadows See Queen Taylor, Roger See Duran Duran Taylor, Roger See Nields, The Taylor, Steve 26 Taylor, Steve See Fugs, The Taylor, Steve See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Taylor, Teresa See Butthole Surfers Taylor, Terry See Daniel Amos Taylor, Tim See Brainiac Taylor, Wayne See Blue Highway Taylor, Zola See Platters, The Tea Party 38 Teagarden, Jack 10 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Technotronic 5 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Teel, Jerry See Boss Hog

See White Zombie Tempesta, Mike “M33” See Powerman 5000 Temple, Johnny See Girls Against Boys Temple, Michelle See Pere Ubu Tempo, Nino See Nino Tempo & April Stevens Temptations, The 3 Tenacious D 61 10cc 43 Tench, Benmont See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Tench, Bobby See Humble Pie Teng, Vienna 55 Tennant, Neil See Pet Shop Boys Tennison, Chalee 36 10,000 Maniacs 3 Tepper, Jeff “Morris” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Terfel, Bryn 31 Terminator X See Public Enemy Terrasson, Jacky 52 Terrell 32 Terrell, Jean See Supremes, The Terrell, Tammi 49 Terrie See Ex, The Terry, Boyd See Aquabats, The Terry, Clark 24 Terry, Steven See Whiskeytown Terusa, Tony See O.C. Supertones, The Tesh, John 20 Tesla 15 Texas 27

Teena Marie 49 Teenage Fanclub 13

Thatcher, Jon See Delirious?

Teer, John See Chatham County Line

Thayil, Kim See Soundgarden

Tegan and Sara 58 Te Kanawa, Kiri 2

Texas Tornados, The 8 Thacher, Jeff See Rockapella Thacker, Rocky See Shenandoah

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Mars Volta, The Theremin, Leon 19 Thes One See People Under The Stairs They Might Be Giants 51 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thiessen, Matt See Relient K Thievery Corporation 31 Thighpaulsandra See Spiritualized Thile, Chris See Nickel Creek Thi-Lihn Le See Golden Palominos Thin Lizzy 13 Third Day 34 Third Eye Blind 25 Third World 13 Thirsk, Jason See Pennywise 13th Floor Elevators 47 .38 Special 40 Thistlethwaite, Anthony See Waterboys, The Thomas, Alex See Earth, Wind and Fire Thomas, Banner See Molly Hatchet Thomas, Bob See Silly Wizard Thomas, Chris See Elms, The Thomas, Danny See 13th Floor Elevators Thomas, David Clayton See Clayton-Thomas, David Thomas, David See Pere Ubu Thomas, David See Take 6 Thomas, Dennis “D.T.” See Kool & the Gang Thomas, Edward See Fairfield Four Thomas, George “Fathead” See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Thomas, Irma 16

Thain, Gary See Uriah Heep

Thomas, Jacqueline See Brodsky Quartet

Thalia 38

Thomas, John See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Tharp, Al See Beausoleil Tharpe, Sister 47

Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24

See Good Charlotte Thomas, Ray See Moody Blues, The Thomas, Richard See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Thomas, Rob See Matchbox 20 Thomas, Rob See String Trio of New York Thomas, Rozonda “Chilli” See TLC Thompson, Beachey See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Thompson, Chester See Tower of Power Thompson, Chester See Weather Report Thompson, Danny See Pentangle Thompson, Dennis See MC5, The Thompson, Dougie See Supertramp Thompson, Hank 43 Thompson, Lee See Madness Thompson, Les See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Mayo See Pere Ubu Thompson, Mick See Slipknot Thompson, Paul See Concrete Blonde Also see Roxy Music Thompson, Porl See Cure, The Thompson, Richard 7 Also see Fairport Convention Also see Golden Palominos Thompson, Rudi See X-Ray Spex Thompson, Tony See Chic Thompson Twins 43 Thomson, Kristin See Tsunami Thomson, Paul See Franz Ferdinand Thoranisson, Biggi See Gus Gus Thorn, Christopher See Blind Melon Thorn, Stan See Shenandoah

Thomas, Michael See Brodsky Quartet

Thorn, Tracey See Everything But The Girl Also see Massive Attack

The The 15

Thomas, Mickey See Jefferson Starship

Thornalley, Phil See Cure, The

Theaker, Drachen See Love

Thomas, Olice See Five Blind Boys of Alabama

Temirkanov, Yuri 26

Theile, Jacob See Faint, The

Thomas, Owen See Elms, The

Thornburg, Lee See Supertramp Also see Tower of Power

Tempesta, John

Theodore, Jon

Thomas, Paul

Television 17 Teller, Al 15

Thorne, Rob See Spongetones, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Thornell, Brian See Earlimart Thornhill, Leeroy See Prodigy Thornton, Big Mama 18 Thornton, De’Mario “Raz-B” See B2K Thornton, Kevin “KT” See Color Me Badd Thornton, Melanie See La Bouche Thornton, Teri 28 Thornton, Willie Mae See Thornton, Big Mama Thorogood, George 34 Thorton, Blair See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Thrasher, Andrew See Drifters, The Thrasher, Gerhart See Drifters, The Threadgill, Henry 9 Three Dog Night 5 3 Doors Down 43 Three 6 Mafia 59 3-D See Massive Attack 311 20 3LW 44 Throwing Muses 15 Thünder, Lüpüs See Bloodhound Gang, The Thunders, Johnny See New York Dolls Thurier, Blaine See New Pornographers Thurston, Aaron See French Kicks T.I. 56 Tichy, John See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Tickner, George See Journey Tielli, Martin See Rheostatics Tiersen, Yann 59 Tiffany 4 Tijuana No! 32 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Til, Sonny See Orioles, The Tilbrook, Glenn 51 Also see Squeeze Tilbury, John See AMM Tiller, Jay See Frogs, The

Timberlake, Justin 60 Also see ’N Sync Timbuk 3 3 Timmins, Margo See Cowboy Junkies Timmins, Michael See Cowboy Junkies Timmins, Peter See Cowboy Junkies Timmons, Jeff See 98 Degrees Timms, Sally See Mekons, The Tin Hat Trio 41 Tingstad, Eric See Tingstad & Rumbel Tingstad & Rumbel 44 Tinsley, Boyd See Dave Matthews Band Tippin, Aaron 12 Tipton, Glenn See Judas Priest Tisdale, Wayman 61 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 T-Love 49 To Rococo Rot 31 Toad the Wet Sprocket 13 Toback, Jeremy See Brad Tobias, Jesse See Red Hot Chili Peppers Tobin, Amon 32 Todd, Andy See Republica

Cumulative Musicians Index • 317 Too $hort 16 Toogood, Jon See Shihad Toohey, Dan See Guided By Voices Took, Steve Peregrine See T. Rex Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Toorish, Bernie See Four Lads, The Tootle, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The Toots and the Maytals 36 Topham, Anthony “Top” See Yardbirds, The Topper, Sharon See God Is My Co-Pilot Tork, Peter See Monkees, The Torme, Mel 4 Torpey, Frank See Sweet Torrence, Dean See Jan & Dean Torres, Hector “Tico” See Bon Jovi Torres, Miguel See El Gran Combo Torres, Nestor 36 Torres, Randy See Project 86 Torry, Richard See Minty Tortoise 32 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Tosh, Peter 3 Tosh, Stuart See 10cc Toth, Ed See Vertical Horizon Toto, Ray See My Chemical Romance Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Tourish, Ciaran See Altan

Tolson, Peter See Pretty Things, The

Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40

Tragically Hip, The 18 Train 33 Trainer, Todd See Shellac Trammell, Mark See Greater Vision Traoré, Boubacar 38 Traore, Rokia 53 Trautmann, Gene See Queens of the Stone Age Travers, Brian See UB40 Travers, Mary See Peter, Paul & Mary Travis 29 Travis, Abby See Elastica Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Michael See String Cheese Incident, The Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Traynor, Chris See Gaelic Storm Traynor, Kevin See Divine Comedy, The Treach See Naughty by Nature Treadmill Trackstar 21 Tremonti, Mark See Creed Trent, Tyler See Brainiac Trevi, Gloria 29 Tribe Called Quest, A 8 Trick Daddy 28 Trick Pony 42 Tricky 18 Also see Massive Attack Trimble, Vivian See Luscious Jackson Trimm, Rex See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Trina 41 Tripp, Art “Art Marimba” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Tripping Daisy 60 Tristano, Lennie 30 Tritsch, Christian See Gong

Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers 26

Towner, Ralph 22 Also see Oregon

Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Toma, Andi See Mouse On Mars

Townes, Jeffery See DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince

Troccoli, Kathy 48

Towns, Efrem See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Troiano, Dom See James Gang Troilo, Aníbal 58

Todd, Mia Doi 52 Todd, Michael See Coheed and Cambria Todesco, Milo See Down By Law Tolhurst, Laurence See Cure, The Tolland, Bryan See Del Amitri Toller, Dan See Allman Brothers, The Tolliver, T.C. See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics

Tommy James and the Shondells 35 Tone-Loc 3

Trohman, Joe See Fall Out Boy

Tiller, Mary See Anointed

Tong, Winston See Tuxedomoon

Tilley, Sandra See Martha and the Vandellas

Tonic 32

Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The

Tillis, Mel 7

Tontoh, Frank See Aztec Camera

Townson, Ron See Fifth Dimension

Trosper, Justin See Unwound

Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Tony K See Roomful of Blues

Traa See P.O.D.

Trotter, Kera See C + C Music Factory

Timbaland 42

Tony! Toni! Toné! 12

Traffic 19

Trout, Walter 59

Trojanowski, Mark See Sister Hazel


Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Two-Tone Tommy See My Morning Jacket Tyagi, Paul See Del Amitri Tyler, Kraig See Crazy Town Tyler, Steve See Aerosmith Tynan, Ronan See Irish Tenors, The Tyner, McCoy 7 Tyner, Rob See MC5, The Tynes, Gunnar Örn See Múm Type O Negative 27 Tyrell, Steve 52 Tyrese 34 Tyson, Ian See Ian and Sylvia Tyson, Ron See Temptations, The UB40 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Ugwuek, Letitia See Christafari Ulali 38 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Ulrich, Lars See Metallica Ultimate Fakebook 48 Ultravox 38 Ulvaeus, Björn See Abba Um Romao, Dom See Weather Report Uncle Kracker 42 Uncle Tupelo 37 Undertones, The 39 Underwood, Jacob See O-Town Underwood, Scott See Train Underworld 26 Ungerman, Bill See Royal Crown Revue

Turner, Andy See Plaid

Turner, Erik See Warrant Turner, Ike and Tina 24 Turner, Ike See Turner, Ike and Tina Turner, Joe Lynn See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Turner, Josh 59 Turner, Mark 40 Turner, Mick See Dirty Three Turner, Mike See Our Lady Peace Turner, Nik See Hawkwind Turner, Otha 52 Turner, Robert See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Turner, Roger 32 Turner, Sam “Segundo” See Rumba Club Turner, Sonny See Platters, The Turner, Steve See Mudhoney Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Turpin, Will See Collective Soul Turre, Steve 22 Turrentine, Stanley 42 Turtle Island String Quartet 9 Turtles, The 29 Tutalo, Marianne See Sierra Tutton, Bill See Geraldine Fibbers Tutuska, George See Goo Goo Dolls, The Tuxedomoon 21 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Tweedy, Jeff See Golden Smog Tweedy, Jeff See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Tweet 55 23, Richard See Front 242 23 Skidoo 31 Twigger, Steve See Gaelic Storm Twist, Nigel See Alarm Twista 54

Turner, Big Joe 13

Twitty, Conway 6

Turner, C.F. “Fred” See Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Two Dollar Pistols 41

Turner, Dale See Oingo Boingo

2D See Gorillaz

Turner, Elgin “Masta Killa” See Wu-Tang Clan

2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground

Trower, Robin 58 Troy, Doris 47 Trucks, Butch See Allman Brothers, The Truffaz, Erik 54 Trugoy the Dove See De La Soul Trujillo, Robert See Suicidal Tendencies Truman, Dan See Diamond Rio Truth Hurts 50 Trynin, Jen 21 Trytten, Lorre Lynn See Willem Breuker Kollektief Tse, Nicholas 44 Tsunami 21 T3 See Slum Village Tubb, Ernest 4 Tubbs, Hubert See Tower of Power Tubridy, Michael See Chieftains, The Tuck & Patti 44 Tucker, Corin See Sleater-Kinney Tucker, Ira See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Tucker, Jim See Turtles, The Tucker, Mick See Sweet Tucker, Moe See Velvet Underground, The Tucker, Sophie 12 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Tucker, William See Ministry Also see Pigface Tufnel, Nigel See Spinal Tap Tull, Bruce See Scud Mountain Boys Tumes, Michelle 37 Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Tunstall, KT 61 Turbin, Neil See Anthrax Turgon, Bruce See Foreigner Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Turnbull, Alex See 23 Skidoo Turnbull, Johnny See 23 Skidoo

2 Unlimited 18

Unitt, Victor See Pretty Things, The Unruh, N. U. See Einstürzende Neubauten

See Banda el Recodo Urban, Keith 44 Ure, Midge See Ultravox Urge Overkill 17 Uriah Heep 19 Urlik, Ed See Down By Law U-Roy 37 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 US3 18 Utley, Adrian See Portishead Utsler, Joseph See Insane Clown Posse U2 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vaché Jr., Warren 22 Vachon, Chris See Roomful of Blues Vai, Steve 5 Also see Whitesnake Valadez, Paul See Adam Again Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdès, Chucho 25 Vale, Jerry 30 Vale, Mike See Tommy James and the Shondells Valens, Ritchie 23 Valensi, Nick See Strokes, The Valenti, Dino See Quicksilver Messenger Service Valentin, Dave 33 Valentine, Gary See Blondie Valentine, Hilton See Animals, The Valentine, James See Maroon 5 Valentine, Kathy See Go-Go’s, The Valentine, Rae See War Valentine, Tsakane See Amici Forever Valentino, Sal See Beau Brummels

Unwound 41

Valenzuela, Jesse See Gin Blossoms

Uosikkinen, David See Hooters

Valley, Jim See Paul Revere & The Raiders

Upchurch, Greg See Puddle of Mudd

Valli, Anthony See Crazy Town

Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Valli, Frankie 10 Also see Four Seasons, The

Upton, Pat See Spiral Starecase

Vallier, Monte See Swell

Ur’as, Gerardo See Banda el Recodo

Vallin, Sergio See Maná

Ur’as, Ramon

Valory, Ross

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Journey Valtysdottir, Gyda See Múm Valtysdottir, Kristin Anna See Múm Van der Graaf Generator 56 Van Halen 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Van Zant, Donnie See Tenacious D Van Asch, Rachel See Mediaeval Baebes Vandenburg, Adrian See Whitesnake Vander Ark, Brad See Verve Pipe, The Vander Ark, Brian See Verve Pipe, The Vandermark, Ken 28 Also see Flying Luttenbachers, The Van der Velden, Mieneke 55 van Dijk, Carol See Bettie Serveert Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Dyke, Earl See Funk Brothers Vanessa-Mae 26 Van Gelder, Nick See Jamiroquai Vangelis 21 Van Halen, Alex See Van Halen Van Halen, Edward See Van Halen Van Helden, Armand 32 Van Hook, Peter See Mike & the Mechanics Van Hove, Fred 30 Vanian, David See Damned, The Vanilla Ice 6

See Van Zant Also see Lynyrd Skynyrd Van Zant, Ronnie See Lynyrd Skynyrd Vargason, Brett See SonicFlood Varilo, Antto See Väarttinä Varnay, Astrid 60 Varone, Phil See Skid Row Väarttinä 49 Vasconcelos, Nana See Codona Vasquez, Junior 16 Vassar, Phil 52 VAST 34 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Vaughan, Sarah 2 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Vazzano, Frank See Cobra Verde Vear, Craig See Cousteau Vedder, Eddie See Pearl Jam Vega, Bobby See Quicksilver Messenger Service Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Vegas, Lolly See Redbone Vegas, Pat See Redbone Velasquez, Jaci 32 Velásquez, Jorge “Norja” See Tijuana No! Velez, Gerardo See Spyro Gyra Velocity Girl 23 Veloso, Caetano 28

Van Leeuwen, Troy See Perfect Circle, A

Velvet Crush 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28

van Lieshout, Lars See Tuxedomoon

Velvet Underground, The 7

Vannelli, Gino 52 Van Rensalier, Darnell See Shai Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Shelton, Ricky 5 Vanucci, Ronnie See Killers, The Van Vliet, Don “Captain Beefheart” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Van Zant 61 Van Zant, Donnie See Van Zant Also see .38 Special Van Zant, Johnny


Verdecchio, Andy See Five Iron Frenzy

Verve Pipe, The 20 Vesely, Tim See Rheostatics Vessel, Jerry See Red House Painters Vest, Jesse See Days of the New Also see Tantric Vestine, Henry See Canned Heat Vettese, Peter-John See Jethro Tull Vicious, Sid See Sex Pistols, The Also see Siouxsie and the Banshees Vickers, Robert See Go-Betweens, The Vickrey, Dan See Counting Crows Victor, Tommy See Prong Vienna Choir Boys 23 Vig, Butch 17 Also see Garbage Vigdor, Fred See Average White Band Vigilantes of Love 51 Vikedal, Ryan See Nickelback Village People, The 7 Villalobos, Ricardo 53 Villamizar, Jorge See Bacilos Villaneuva, Tony See Derailers, The Vincent, Crawford See Hackberry Ramblers Vincent, Gene 19 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Vincent, Vinnie See Kiss Vines, The 51 Vinnie See Naughty by Nature Vinton, Bobby 12 Violent Femmes 12 Violent J See Insane Clown Posse Virden, Doug See Sons of the Desert Virtanen, Johanna See Väarttinä

Verdurmen, Rob See Willem Breuker Kollektief

Virtue, Michael See UB40

Verlaine, Tom See Television

Visconti, Tony 53

See Karate Vives, Carlos 38 Voelz, Susan See Poi Dog Pondering Vogel, Rich See Galactic Vogt, Jeremy See Tonic Voigl, Pete See Swell Voigt, Deborah 42 Volk, Phil See Paul Revere & The Raiders Vollenweider, Andreas 30 Volman, Mark See Turtles, The Volodos, Arcadi 28 Volz, Greg See Petra Volz, Jan Eric See Seventy Sevens, The Von, Eerie See Danzig Von, Jon See Mr. T Experience, The Von Bohlen, Davey See Promise Ring, The Von Frankenstein, Doyle Wolfgang See Misfits, The von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 von Stade, Frederica 48 von Trapp, Elisabeth 29 Voodoo Glow Skulls 38 Votel, Freddy See Cows, The Vox, Bono See U2 Vrenna, Chris See Nine Inch Nails Vudi See American Music Club Vynes, Adrian “Adi” See Swervedriver Waaktaar, Pal See A-ha Wachtel, Waddy 26 Waddell, Larry See Mint Condition Wade, Adam See Jawbox Also see Shudder to Think Wade, Chrissie See Alien Sex Fiend Wade, Jason See Lifehouse

Visser, Peter See Bettie Serveert

Wade, Nik See Alien Sex Fiend

Vissi, Anna 41 Vitamin C 33

Wadenius, George See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Vito, Rick See Fleetwood Mac

Wadephal, Ralf See Tangerine Dream

Vertical Horizon 33

Vitous, Mirslav See Weather Report

Wagner, Kurt See Lambchop

Veruca Salt 20

Vitro, Roseanna 49

Verve, The 18

Vitt, Eamonn

Wagner, Sune See Raveonettes, The

Venable, Brian See Lucero Ventures, The 19

Vermin, Brian See Screeching Weasel Verrault, Andre See La Bottine Souriante Verta-Ray, Matt See Madder Rose



Wagoner, Faidest See Soul Stirrers, The Wagoner, Porter 13 Wahlberg, Donnie See New Kids on the Block Wailer, Bunny 11 Wailing Souls 32 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Wainwright III, Loudon 11 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeland, Bryan See Tripping Daisy Wakeling, David See English Beat, The Wakeman, Alan See Soft Machine Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Walcott, Collin See Codona Also see Oregon Walden, Narada Michael 14 Walden, Phil 59 Waldman, Clem See Swell Waldron, Mal 43 Waldroup, Jason See Greater Vision Wales, Ashley See Spring Heel Jack Walford, Britt See Breeders Walford, Britt See Slint Walker, Clay 20 Walker, Colin See Electric Light Orchestra Walker, Dave See Savoy Brown Walker, Don See Cold Chisel Walker, Ebo See New Grass Revival, The Walker, George 34 Walker, Greg See Fifth Dimension Walker, James See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Walker, Jeff See Imperials, The Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, Junior 30

Wall, Jeremy See Spyro Gyra Wall, Lee See Luna Walla, Chris See Death Cab for Cutie Wallace, Bennie 31 Wallace, Bill See Guess Who Wallace, Ian See King Crimson Wallace, Richard See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Wallace, Sippie 6 Waller, Charlie See Country Gentlemen, The Waller, Dave See Jam, The Waller, Fats 7 Wallflowers, The 20 Wallinger, Karl 11 Also see Waterboys, The Wallis, Gary See 10cc Wallis, Larry See Motörhead Walls, Chris See Dave Clark Five, The Walls, Denise “Nee-C” See Anointed Walls, Greg See Anthrax Walser, Don 35 Walsh, Bill See Cosmic Psychos Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Walsh, Joe See James Gang Walsh, Marty See Supertramp Walsh, Steve See Kansas Walsh, T.W. See Pedro the Lion Walsh, Tim See Brave Combo Walter, Tommy See eels Walter, Weasel See Flying Luttenbachers, The Walters, Josh See Juliana Theory, The Walters, Nathan See Plus One Walters, Pat See Spongetones, The

See Continental Drifters Walton, Mark See Dream Syndicate Walton, Mark See Giant Sand Walton, William 44 Waltz, Chas See Young Dubliners Wanbdi See Indigenous Wandscher, Phil See Whiskeytown Wannadies, The 29 War 14 Ward, Algy See Damned, The Ward, Alistair See Saints, The Ward, Andy See Bevis Frond Also see Camel Ward, Billy See Knack, The Ward, Bill See Black Sabbath Ward, Jason See Flotsam and Jetsam Ward, Jeremy See Mars Volta, The Ward, Jim See At The Drive-In Ward, Michael See Wallflowers, The Ward, Scooter See Cold Ware, Billy See Beausoleil Ware, Martyn See Human League, The Wareham, Dean See Galaxie 500 Also see Luna Warfield, William 33 Wariner, Steve 18 Warmling, Hans See Stranglers, The Warne, John See Relient K Warner, Les See Cult, The Warnes, Jennifer 3 Warnick, Kim See Fastbacks, The Warnock, J.D. See Ultimate Fakebook Waronker, Simon 57 Warrant 17

Walker, Mark See Oregon

Walters, Richard See Slick Rick

Warren, Brad See Warren Brothers, The

Walker, Matt See Filter Also see Smashing Pumpkins

Walters, Robert “Patch” See Mystic Revealers

Warren, Brett See Warren Brothers, The

Watson, Rob See Daniel Amos

Walton, John Ike See 13th Floor Elevators

Warren, Diane 21

Watson, Russell 37

Warren, Ernest See Spaniels, The

Watt, Ben See Everything But The Girl

Warren, George W. See Five Blind Boys of Alabama

Watt, Mike 22 Also see fIREHOSE

Walker, Ray See Jordanaires, The Walker, T-Bone 5

Walton, Mark See Boyzone

Walkmen, The 59

Walton, Mark

Warren, Mervyn See Take 6 Warren G 33 Warren Brothers, The 34 Warwick, Clint See Moody Blues, The Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Was, David See Was (Not Was) Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Was (Not Was) 6 Wash, Martha See C + C Music Factory Wash, Martha See Weather Girls, The Washington, Chester See Earth, Wind and Fire Washington, Dinah 5 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Washington, Jayotis See Persuasions, The Wasserman, Greg “Noodles” See Offspring Watanabe, Sadao 39 Waterboys, The 27 Watermark 43 Waters, Benny 58 Waters, Crystal 15 Waters, Ethel 11 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Waters, Wilson See Fairfield Four Watkins, Christopher See Cabaret Voltaire Watkins, Sara See Nickel Creek Watkins, Sean See Nickel Creek Watkins, Tionne “T-Boz” See TLC Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Watson, Bruce See Big Country Watson, Darren See Crash Vegas Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Watson, Guy See Surfaris, The Watson, Ivory See Ink Spots Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 Also see Minutemen, The Watters, Sam See Color Me Badd Watts, Bari See Bevis Frond Watts, Charlie 52 Also see Rolling Stones, The Watts, Eugene See Canadian Brass, The Watts, Lou See Chumbawamba Watts, Pete “Overend” See Mott the Hoople Watts, Raymond See KMFDM Watts, Robbie See Cosmic Psychos Watts, Todd See Emmet Swimming Way, Gerard See My Chemical Romance Way, Mikey See My Chemical Romance Weather Report 19 Weather Girls, The 52 Weaver, Blue See Strawbs Weaver, Louie See Petra Weaver, Mark A. See Two Dollar Pistols Weavers, The 8 Webb, Bob See James Gang Webb, Bryan See Constantines, The Webb, Chick 14 Webb, Christiaan See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Dean See Dillards, The Webb, Derek See Caedmon’s Call Webb, James See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Jimmy 12 Webb, Justin See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Nick See Acoustic Alchemy Webb, Paul See Talk Talk Webb Brothers, The 57 Webber, Andrew Lloyd See Lloyd Webber, Andrew Webber, Mark See Pulp Weber, Eberhard 41 Webster, Andrew See Tsunami

Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Wegelin, Aaron See Elf Power Wehmeyer, Steve See Gaelic Storm Wehner, Marty See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Wehrle, Dallas See Constantines, The Weider, John See Animals, The Weiland, Scott See Stone Temple Pilots Weill, Kurt 12 Weir, Bob See Grateful Dead, The Weiser, Ronny 58 Weiss, Janet See Quasi Also see Sleater-Kinney Weiss, Liz See Shangri-Las, The Weiss, Mary See Shangri-Las, The Weissman, Marco See Waterboys, The Welch, Bob See Fleetwood Mac Welch, Brian See Korn Welch, Bruce See Shadows, The Welch, Elisabeth 50 Welch, Gillian 33 Welch, Justin See Elastica Welch, Mcguinness See Lords of Acid Welch, Sean See Beautiful South Welk, Lawrence 13 Weller, Freddy See Paul Revere & The Raiders

Cumulative Musicians Index • 321 Wetton, John See King Crimson Wexler, Jerry 15 Weymouth, Tina See Gorillaz Also see Talking Heads Wez See Carter USM Whalen, Katharine See Squirrel Nut Zippers Whalley, Dennis See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Whalum, Kirk 39 Wharton, Dianaruthe See Sweet Honey in the Rock Wheat, Brian See Tesla Wheatbread, Paul See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Wheeler, Audrey See C + C Music Factory Wheeler, Caron See Soul II Soul Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Wheeler, Harriet See Sundays, The Wheeler, Nick See All-American Rejects, The Wheeler, Robert See Pere Ubu Wheeler, Tim See Ash Whelan, Bill 20 Whelan, Gavan See James Whibley, Deryck “Bizzy D” See Sum 41 Whimley, Damon See Fat Boys, The Whiskeytown 44 Whitaker, Rodney 20

Wells, Cory See Three Dog Night

Wengren, Mike See Disturbed Wenner, Niko See Swell Wentz, Peter See Fall Out Boy Werner, Joe See Hackberry Ramblers Werner, Mike See Handsome Family, The Werner, Susan 54 Werts, Tavis See Reel Big Fish Wertz, Jenn See Rusted Root Wertz, Kenny See Flying Burrito Brothers Wesson, Steve See Flatlanders, The West, Andy See Dixie Dregs West, Brian See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies West, Dottie 8 West, Duane See Jordanaires, The West, Kanye 58 West, Leslie 59 West, Leslie See Mountain West, Riff See Molly Hatchet West, Sandy See Runaways, The West, Speedy 47 West, Steve See Pavement West Virginia Creeper See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Westbrook, Jimi See Little Big Town Westerberg, Paul 26 Also see Replacements, The Westerhoff, Gay-Yee See Bond Westfield, Ricky See Kool & the Gang Westlake, Dave See Sneaker Pimps

Wells, Junior 17

Westlife 33

Wells, Kitty 6

White, Billy See Dokken

Wells, Mary 51

Westman, Danny See Down By Law

Welnick, Vince See Grateful Dead, The

Weston See Orb, The

White, Charlie See Clovers, The

Welsh, Alan See Aztec Camera

Weston, Bob See Mission of Burma

White, Chris See Dire Straits

Welsh, Mikey See Weezer

Weston, Randy 15

White, Chris See Zombies, The

Weller, Paul 14 Also see Jam, The Wells, Bill 34

Weston, Robert See Shellac

Wedding Present, The 28

Welty, Ron See Offspring

Wedgwood, Mike See Caravan

Wemba, Papa 40

West-Oram, Jamie See Fixx, The

Wenberg, Erik See Emmet Swimming

Westrich, Cherielynn See Rentals, The

Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26

Westrum, Brian See Sons of the Desert

Wedren, Craig See Shudder to Think Ween 30

Whitaker, Yolanda See Yo Yo White, Alan See Oasis White, Alan See Yes White, Barry 6

White, Bukka 57

White, Clarence See Byrds, The White, Dave See Warrant White, Dennis See Charm Farm White, Dookie



See Herman’s Hermits Whity, Damien “Whit” See Spiderbait Who, The 3 Wichnewski, Stephen See Yo La Tengo Wickham, Steve See Waterboys, The Widenhouse, Je See Squirrel Nut Zippers Widespread Panic 39 Wiedlin, Jane See Go-Go’s, The Wieneke, Paul See Loud Family, The Wiesner, Dietmar See Ensemble Modern Wiget, Ueli See Ensemble Modern Wiggin, Betty See Shaggs, The Wiggin, Dorothy See Shaggs, The Wiggin, Helen See Shaggs, The Wiggins, Dwayne See Tony! Toni! Toné! Wiggins, Raphael See Tony! Toni! Toné! Wiggles, The 42 Wiggs, Josephine See Breeders Wiggs, Pete See Saint Etienne Wikso, Ron See Foreigner Wiksten, Pär See Wannadies, The Wilbanks, Scotty See NewSong Wilborn, Dave See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Wilborn, Marshall See Lynn Morris Band Wilbur, James “Jim” See Superchunk Wilburn, Doyle See Wilburn Brothers, The Wilburn, Ishmael See Weather Report Wilburn, Teddy See Wilburn Brothers, The Wilburn Brothers, The 45 Wilco 47 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Wilcox, David 38 Wilcox, Imani See Pharcyde, The

See Depeche Mode Wilder, Philip See Chanticleer Wilder, Webb 55 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Wildwood, Michael See D Generation Wiley, Derek “Dirt” See Rebirth Brass Band Wiley, Howard See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Wilhelm, Mike See Charlatans, The Wilhelm, Mike See Flamin’ Groovies Wilk, Brad See Audioslave Wilk, Brad See Rage Against the Machine Wilkeson, Leon See Lynyrd Skynyrd Wilkie, Chris See Dubstar Wilkie, Franklin See Marshall Tucker Band Wilkinson, Amanda See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinson, Geoff See US3 Wilkinson, Keith See Squeeze Wilkinson, Kevin See Waterboys, The Wilkinson, Peter See Saints, The Wilkinson, Steve See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinson, Tyler See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinsons, The 30 Will, David See Imperials, The Willem Breuker Kollektief 28 Will.I.Am See Black Eyed Peas Williams, Adam “Adam 12” See Powerman 5000 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, Andy 2 Williams, Andy See ?Casting Crowns

Williams, Eric See Blackstreet Williams, Fred See C + C Music Factory Williams, Hank, III 38 Williams, Hank, Jr. 1 Williams, Hank, Sr. 4 Williams, James “Diamond” See Ohio Players Williams, Jessica 39 Williams, Jez See Doves Williams, Jody 51 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, John See Solas Williams, Kiely See 3LW Williams, Lamar See Allman Brothers, The Williams, Lenny See Tower of Power Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Marion 15 Williams, Mars See Liquid Soul Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williams, Michelle See Destiny’s Child Williams, Milan See Commodores, The Williams, Otis See Temptations, The Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Williams, Paul See Temptations, The Williams, Pete See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Williams, Pharrell See Neptunes, The Williams, Phillard See Earth, Wind and Fire Williams, Ralph See Orioles, The Williams, Rich See Kansas

Williams, Andy See Doves

Williams, Robert See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42

Whittaker, Hudson 20

Wild, Chuck See Missing Persons Wild Strawberries 60

Williams, Cliff See AC/DC

Williams, Saul 57

Whittaker, Roger 41 Whitten, Chris See Dire Straits

Wilde, Danny See Rembrandts, The

Williams, Dana See Diamond Rio

Williams, Stokley See Mint Condition

Whittington, Melvan See Love

Wilde, Phil See 2 Unlimited

Williams, Dar 21 Williams, Deniece 1

Williams, Terry See Dire Straits

Whitwam, Barry

Wilder, Alan

Williams, Don 4

Williams, Tommy

See Rainbow White, Freddie See Earth, Wind and Fire White, Jack See White Stripes, The White, Jay See Chanticleer White, Jeordie See Perfect Circle, A White, Jim 40 White, Jim See Dirty Three White, Josh 55 White, Karyn 21 White, Lari 15 White, Mark See Mekons, The Also see Spin Doctors White, Maurice See Earth, Wind and Fire Also see Urban Knights White, Meg See White Stripes, The White, Ralph See Bad Livers, The White, Richard See Paul Revere & The Raiders White, Robert See Funk Brothers Also see Paul Revere & The Raiders White, Roland See Nashville Bluegrass Band White, Tony Joe 61 White, Tony See Acoustic Alchemy White, Verdine See Earth, Wind and Fire White, Will See Propellerheads White Zombie 17 Whitehead, Donald See Earth, Wind and Fire Whiteman, Paul 17 Whitener, Todd See Days of the New Whitener, Todd See Tantric Whitesnake 5 White Stripes, The 39 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitfield, Weslia 39 Whitford, Brad See Aerosmith Whiting, Margaret 28 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whitley, Keith 7 Whitman, Slim 19

Williams, Boris See Cure, The Williams, Brian “Baby” See Big Tymers, The

Williams, Robbie 60 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Williams, Rozz See Christian Death Williams, Sam, III See Down By Law Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Radio 4 Williams, Tony 6 Williams, Tony See Platters, The Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Victoria 17 Williams, Walter See O’Jays, The Williams, Wendy O. See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Williams, Wilbert See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Williams, William Elliot See Artifacts Williams, Willie See Fifth Dimension Williams, Yasmeen See Sweet Honey in the Rock Williamson, Gloria See Martha and the Vandellas Williamson, Malcolm 45 Williamson, Robin 39 Also see Incredible String Band Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Willie D. See Geto Boys, The Willie the New Guy See Bloodhound Gang, The Willis, Clarence “Chet” See Ohio Players Willis, Cody See Murder City Devils Willis, Eddie See Funk Brothers Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Willis, Larry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Willis, Pete See Def Leppard Willis, Rick See Foreigner Willis, Victor See Village People, The Willis, Wesley 51 Willner, Hal 10 Wills, Aaron (P-Nut) See 311

Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Carl See Beach Boys, The Wilson, Carnie See Wilson Phillips Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Charlie 51 Wilson, Charlie See Gap Band, The Wilson, Chris See Flamin’ Groovies Wilson, Chris See Good Charlotte Wilson, Chris See Love Spit Love Wilson, Cindy See B-52’s, The Wilson, Dan See Semisonic Wilson, Dave See Chatham County Line Wilson, Dennis See Beach Boys, The Wilson, Don See Ventures, The Wilson, Eric See Long Beach Dub All Stars Wilson, Eric See Sublime Wilson, Gerald 19 Wilson, Greg See Spoon Wilson, Gretchen 52 Wilson, “Hawk” Shaw See BR5-49 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Joe See Sneaker Pimps Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Wilson, Mark See Jet Wilson, Mary See Supremes, The

Wills, Bob 6

Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Wills, David See Negativland Wills, Mark 27 Wills, Rick See Bad Company Willson-Piper, Marty See Church, The

Wilson, Nancy See Heart

Wilson, Orlandus See Golden Gate Quartet Wilson, Patrick See Rentals, The Also see Weezer

Cumulative Musicians Index • 323 Wilson, Robin See Gin Blossoms Wilson, Ronnie See Gap Band, The Wilson, Ron See Surfaris, The Wilson, Shanice See Shanice Wilson, Sid See Slipknot Wilson, Terry See Charlatans, The Wilson, Wendy See Wilson Phillips Wilson Phillips 5 Wilson-James, Victoria See Shamen, The Also see Soul II Soul Wilson-Piper, Marty See Cameo Wilton, Michael See Queensryche Wimmer, Kevin See Balfa Toujours Wimpfheimer, Jimmy See Roomful of Blues Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32 Winans, Carvin See Winans, The Winans, Mario 50 Winans, Marvin See Winans, The Winans, Michael See Winans, The Winans, Ronald See Winans, The Winans, The 12 Winbush, Angela 15 Winding, Kai 35 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winfield, Chuck See Blood, Sweat and Tears Wingo, Richard See Jagged Edge Wink, Chris See Blue Man Group Wink, Josh 44 Winley, Harold See Clovers, The Winokur, Ken See Alloy Orchestra Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winter, Kurt See Guess Who

Also see Traffic Wire 29 Wire, Nicky See Manic Street Preachers Wise, Josh See French Kicks Wiseman, Bobby See Blue Rodeo Wiseman, Gary See Bowling for Soup Wiseman, Mac 19 Wishart, Bridgette See Hawkwind WishBone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Wisniewski, Tom See MxPx Withem, Gary See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Withers, Bill 54 Withers, Pick See Dire Straits Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 Witherspoon, Lajon See Sevendust Wolf, Kurt See Boss Hog Wolf, Peter 31 Wolf, Peter See J. Geils Band Wolfe, Gerald See Greater Vision Wolff, Christian 38 Wolstencraft, Simon See Fall, The Wolstenholme, Chris See Muse Wolters, John See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Womack, Bobby 5 Womack, Drew See Sons of the Desert Womack, Lee Ann 33 Womack, Solomon See Swan Silvertones, The Womack, Tim See Sons of the Desert Wonder, Stevie 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wonder, Wayne 43 Wonder Mike See Sugarhill Gang Wong, Matt See Reel Big Fish

Winter, Paul 10

Woo, John See Magnetic Fields, The

Winterhart, Paul See Kula Shaker

Wood, Chris See Medeski, Martin & Wood

Wilson, Ransom 5

Winthrop, Dave See Supertramp

Wood, Chris See Traffic

Wilson, Alan See Canned Heat

Wilson, Ricky See B-52’s, The

Winwood, Muff See Spencer Davis Group

Wilson, Anne See Heart

Wilson, Robert See Gap Band, The

Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group

Wood, Danny See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead

Willsteed, John See Go-Betweens, The Wilmot, Billy “Mystic” See Mystic Revealers

Wilson, Paul See Flamingos, The Wilson, Paul See Snow Patrol

Wood, Danny

324 • Cumulative Musicians Index See New Kids on the Block Wood, Jim See Dishwalla Wood, Ron 56 Also see Faces, The Also see Rolling Stones, The Wood, Roy See Electric Light Orchestra Wood, Stephen See Destroyer Woodgate, Dan See Madness Woods, Adam See Fixx, The Woods, Gay See Steeleye Span Woods, Phil 57 Woods, Terry See Pogues, The Also see Steeleye Span Woodson, Ollie See Temptations, The Woods-Wright, Tomica 22 Woodward, Alun See Delgados, The Woodward, Keren See Bananarama Woody, Allen See Allman Brothers, The Also see Gov’t Mule Woolfolk, Andrew See Earth, Wind and Fire Woolstenhulme, Rick See Lifehouse Woolstenhulme, Sean See Lifehouse Woomble, Roddy See Idlewild Workhorse Movement, The 30 World Saxophone Quartet 39 Worley, Chris See Jackyl Worley, Darryl 45 Worley, Jeff See Jackyl Worrell, Bernie 11 Also see Golden Palominos Wozniak, John See Marcy Playground Wray, Link 17 Wreede, Katrina See Turtle Island String Quartet Wren, Alan See Stone Roses, The Wretzky, D’Arcy See Smashing Pumpkins Wright, Adrian See Human League, The Wright, Aggi See Pastels, The

See Irish Tenors, The Wright, Heath See Ricochet Wright, Hugh See Boy Howdy Wright, Jaguar 57 Wright, Jimmy See Sounds of Blackness Wright, Kevin See Rockapella Wright, Lizz 56 Wright, Natascha See La Bouche Wright, Norma Jean See Chic Wright, Norman See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Del Vikings, The Wright, Rick See Pink Floyd Wright, Simon See AC/DC Wright, Tim See Pere Ubu Wrigley, Bernard 58 Wu, Tim See Long Beach Dub All Stars Wupass, Reverend See Rube Waddell Wurster, Jon See Superchunk Wurzel See Motörhead Wusthoff, Gunter See Faust Wu-Tang Clan 19 Wuv See P.O.D. Wyatt, Keith See Blasters, The Wyatt, Robert 24 Also see Soft Machine Wyman, Bill See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Also see Rolling Stones, The Wyndorf, Dave See Monster Magnet Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wynn, Steve 31 Wynn, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Wynn, Steve See Dream Syndicate Wynne, Philippe See Spinners, The Wynonna 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Judds, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 X-Ray Spex 31 XTC 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Xzibit 31 Ya Kid K See Technotronic Yale, Brian See Matchbox 20 Yamaguchi, Yoshiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Yamamoto, Hiro See Soundgarden Yamamoto, Moog See Buffalo Daughter Yamamoto, Seichi See Boredoms, The Yamano, Atsuko See Shonen Knife Yamano, Naoko See Shonen Knife Yamashita, Kazuhito 4 Yamataka, Eye See Boredoms, The Yamauchi, Tetsu See Faces, The Also see Free Yamazaki, Iwao See Ghost Yancey, Jimmy 54 Yang, Naomi See Damon and Naomi Also see Galaxie 500 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Yannatou, Savina 48 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Yanovsky, Zal See Lovin’ Spoonful Yarbrough, Glenn See Limeliters, The Yardbirds, The 10 Yaro, Chad See Face to Face Yarrow, Peter See Peter, Paul & Mary Yates, Bill See Country Gentlemen, The Yates, Stephen See Mediaeval Baebes Yauch, Adam See Beastie Boys Yeah Yeah Yeahs 59 Yearsley, Thomas See Paladins, The Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yella See N.W.A. Yellowcard 52

See Association, The Yeston, Maury 22 Yi, Chen 51 Ying Yang Twins 57 Yo La Tengo 24 Yo Yo 9 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Yoot, Tukka See US3 York, Andrew 15 York, John See Byrds, The York, Paul See Dillards, The York, Pete See Spencer Davis Group York, Preston See Fairfield Four Yorke, Thom E. See Radiohead Yorn, Pete 45 Yoshida, Tatsuya See Flying Luttenbachers, The Yoshikawa, Toyohito See Boredoms, The Yoshimi See Boredoms, The Yoshinaga, SuGar See Buffalo Daughter You Am I 35 Youlden, Chris See Savoy Brown Young, Adrian See No Doubt Young, Angus See AC/DC Young, Brian See Fountains of Wayne Young, Cliff See Caedmon’s Call Young, Curtis See Jordanaires, The Young, Danielle See Caedmon’s Call Young, Faron 7 Young, Fred See Kentucky Headhunters, The Young, Gary See Pavement Young, Grant See Soul Asylum Young, James See Styx Young, Jeff See Megadeth Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Young, Malcolm See AC/DC

Wysocki, Jon See Staind

Yellowjackets 36

X 11

Yes 8

Wright, David See Flamin’ Groovies

Xefos, Chris See King Missile

Yester, Jerry See Lovin’ Spoonful

Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield

Wright, Finbar

Xenakis, Iannis 34

Yester, Jim

Young, Paul

Wright, Chely 35 Wright, David “Blockhead” See English Beat, The

Yellowman 42

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 61 See Mike & the Mechanics Young, Richard See Kentucky Headhunters, The Young, Robert “Throbert” See Primal Scream Young, Tata 61 Young Dubliners 58 Young Jeezy 61 Young M.C. 4 Youth See Killing Joke Youth, Todd See D Generation Youtz, Raif See Built to Spill Yow, David See Jesus Lizard Yseult, Sean See White Zombie Yslas, Ray See Rippingtons Yule, Doug See Velvet Underground, The

Yuro, Timi 60 Z, Rachel 40 Zaa, Charlie 51 Zaakir/Soup See Jurassic 5 Zamfir, Gheorghe 41 Zamora, Tye See Alien Ant Farm Zander, Robin See Cheap Trick Zankey, Glen See Bluegrass Patriots Zap Mama 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zatarain, Conrado See Banda el Recodo Zawinul, Josef See Weather Report Zazeela, Marian 49 Zé, Tom 43 Zedek, Thalia 52

Cumulative Musicians Index • 325 Zehringer, Randy See McCoys, The Zender, Stuart See Jamiroquai Zero 7 49 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zhane 22 Zilinskas, Annette See Bangles, The Zim Zum See Marilyn Manson Zimmer, Hans 34 Zimmerman, Udo 5 Zinner, Nicolas See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Ziporyn, Evan See Bang on a Can All-Stars Ziskrout, Jay See Bad Religion Zombie, Rob 47 Also see White Zombie Zombies, The 56

Earlier sketch in CM 23 Zonjic, Alexander 53 Zoom, Billy See X Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Zoyes, Dino See Charm Farm Zuccaro, Steve See Charm Farm Zukerman, Pinchas 4 Zulu, Ras I See Spearhead Zumpano, Jason See Destroyer Zuniga, Alex See Tijuana No! Zuniga, Miles See Fastball ZZ Top 2

Contemporary Musicians (Profiles of the People in Music)

Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music: Volume 9

Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music: Volume 3