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Pluripotent stem cell

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Lymphoid progenitor

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T-cell precursor

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B-cell precursor

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P

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t

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Basophils Eosinophils

Dendritic Neutrophils Monocytes cells A. Origin of cells of the immune system Innate immunity

Adaptive immunity

Infectious agents

Phagocytes

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A(%:,+(%8- >%?8.5

Germinal center

White pulp

Sinus

Lymphoid follicle

Arteriole Follicular mantle

Mantle zone

Marginal zone

Marginal zone

B

B Periarterial lymphatic sheath

1. Anatomic structure

B T

B Germinal center

T

T

T

2. Cross-section through arteriole and follicle; lymphocyte circulation

A. Structure of the spleen Capsule

Secondary follicle Paracortex

Marginal sinus Interfollicular sinus

Afferent lymphatic

Medullary sinus Primary follicle

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Red pulp

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Efferent lymphatic

1. Inactive lymph node

2. Active lymph node

B. Structure of the lymph node Follicle center

M cells

Mantle zone

Follicle-associated epithelial cells Dome region

T-cell zone

Postcapillary venule Muscular mucosa

Efferent lymphatic

1. GALT: Gut-associated1. lymphoid tissue; Peyer’s patch C. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue

2. BALT: Bronchus-associated 2. lymphoid tissue

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