Colloquial Slovak: The Complete Course for Beginners (Colloquial Series)

Colloquial

Slovak

The Colloquial Series

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Colloquial

Slovak The Complete Course for Beginners James Naughton

London and New York

First published 1997 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001

© 1997 James Naughton Maps of Slovakia (p. 8) and the High Tatras (p. 171) by Kristoffer B1egvad Map of Bratislava (p. 192) by Matthew Crabbe Typeset in Times Ten by F10rencetype Ltd, Stoodleigh, Devon Printed and bound in England by Clays Ltd, St Ives

PLC

The author has asserted his moral rights in accordance with Section 77 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data

Naughton, James, 195� Colloquial Slovak: The Complete Course for Beginners. 1. Slovak language-Textbooks for foreign speakers-English. PG5239.3.E54C65 491.8'682421---dc20

1996 95-26195

ISBN �415-1154�X (book) ISBN �415-11541-8 (cassettes) ISBN �415-11542-6 (book and cassettes course)

Contents

Abbreviations used Introduction Pronunciation guide 1 Ako sa mate?

vii 1 4 10

How are you? 2 to robite?

22

What are you doing? 3 Si leniva?

32

Are you lazy? 4 Idem do mesta

42

I'm going to town 5 Chcem ist' do kina

54

I want to go to the cinema 6 To je krasna dedina!

66

That's a lovely village! 7

Ranajky, obed, vecera

81

Breakfast, lunch, supper 8 Chcela napisat' list

She wanted to write a letter

93

vi 9 Stratila som cestovny pas

106

I've lost my passport 10 Moiem ist' d'alej7

119

Can I come in? 11

Nakupovanie

131

Shopping 12 Kol'ko je hodin7

143

What time is it? 13 Ako macka s mysou

153

Like a cat with a mouse 14 Sveter, Tatry a �udovit

�U!

164

A sweater, the Tatras and I:udovft Stur 15 eo keby7

180

What if? 16 Mate vol'ny stol7

195

Do you have a table free? Grammar summary

214

Key to exercises

228

Slovak-English glossary

246

English-Slovak glossary

276

Index of language points

285

Abbreviations used

acc. adj. dat. t freq. gen. impf ins. lac. m. n. nom. pf pI. sg >
points to the perfec­ tive: d'akovat' > pod'akovat' robit' > urobit'

to thank to do, make

101

jesf > zjesf platif > zaplatif volaf > zavolaf

to eat to pay to call

Suffix pairs In suffix pairs the verb is typically a compound. A prefix is attached in both aspects, because it is needed as part of the general meaning. For example, if pod- 'under-' is added to pisaf 'to write' you get podpisaf, a perfective verb meaning 'to write under', i.e. to sign. This has its own imperfective podpisovaf, formed with the suffix -ovaf. Compound imperfectives end in -af, -vaf or -ovaf. Slovak dictionaries list such pairs under their more basic, shorter forms, the perfectives. So we make the perfective arrow < point backwards: podpisaf < podpisovaf vratif sa < vracaf sa

to sign to return

Families of verbs Note how related compound verbs form families with parallel forms. Look at the verbs for 'to open' and 'to close' : otvorif < otvaraf zatvorif < zatvaraf

to open to close

Similarly, 'put on' , ' take off' - we met the imperfectives in Lesson 7: obliecf, obleCiem, obliekol < obliekaf vyzliecf, vyzleCiem, vyzliekol < vyzliekaf

to put on ( clothes ) to take off

obuf, obujem, obul < obuvaf zobuf, zobujem, zobul < zobuvaf

to put on ( shoes ) to take off

Or 'get' and 'get up/stand up': dostaf, dostanem, dostal < dostavaf vstaf, vstanem, vstal < vstavaf

to get to get up

Compounds of isf 'to go' have imperfectives in -chadzaf. prisf, pridem, prisiel < prichadzaf odisf, odide, odisiel < odchadzaf

to come/arrive to go away

1 02

------

1st' itself has no separate perfective form: Ide domov. Isiel domov. He goes home. He went home.

Sometimes the meanings of prefixes are similar to the corre­ sponding prepositions, e.g. pri 'near', od 'away from'. Verbs without pairs Various verbs lack, or usually lack, pairs. They include imperfectives for fixed states, such as lezat'/Ieiim 'to lie', sediet'/sedim 'to sit'. Other such imperfectives are byt' 'to be' , moet' ' to be able', musiet' 'to have to, must', chciet' 'to want'. 'Say' and 'teU' The perfective verb povedat' 'to say/tell' has a present/future form just like the present of vediet' 'to know': poviem povies povie

povieme poviete povedia ( ! )

Ja mu to poviem. Povedal mi to vcera.

I 'll tell him it, say i t t o him. He told me, said it to me yesterday.

For imperfective senses you use hovorit' or vraviet'. C o hovorls/vravls?

What are you saying?

Note the idiomatic: Ako sa to povie po slovensky? How do you say it in Slovak? (lit. How does it say itself . . . ?) Po anglicky sa povie In English you say 108 •

•

.

T he future again The verb byt' 'to be' has the following future: budem I s h a l l/wi l l be budes you will be bude s/he, it will be

budeme we s h a l l/wi l l be budete you wi l l be bud':' they wi l l be

1 03

Budes bohata! Nebudu doma.

You'll be rich ! They won't be at home.

You can make an imperfective future of other verbs by adding infinitives ( imperfective only ! ! ) to budem, budes, etc. Budem pisaf list. Nebudeme otvaraf okno.

Exercise

I 'll be writing a letter (process). We won't be opening the window (in general).

4

You make a telephone call. Translate Mrs Bedmirova's words for yourself and speak as suggested: -

-

Hello? Mrs Bednarova? A no, pri telefone. Kto volti? PeterNiera. Could I speak to Mr Bednar? tial'bohu, nie je doma. Je � o Viedni. Ah, I understand. When will he return, Mrs Bednarova? Vrati sa v pondelok. Mam mu nieeo odkazat'? Umm . . . no. It's not very important. I'd like to meet with him. I'll call him the day after tomorrow, on Monday evening. It won 't be a nuisance for you? Nie, to je v poriadku. Poviem mu, ze ste zavolali. Thank you very much. Excuse me for disturbing you. Nil sa nestalo. Do videnia. Goodbye.

Exercise 5

Translate into Slovak: 1 Viera opened the window. 2 Eva closed the window. 3 Pavol put on his trousers. 4 Eva is putting on her sweater. S Pavol has taken off his shirt. 6 Yesterday he got a nice letter. 7 He got up early and ate a roll with butter. 8 They arrived yesterday and left today. 9 They will not be at home all day.

1 04

------

Rea d i n g 1 One early morning in Ol'ga 's daily existence

Ked' zazvonil budfk, Ol'ga vs tal a a isla do kupefne. Vyzliekla si nocnu kosel'u a rychlo sa osprchovala. Potom sa vnitila do spalne. Obliekla si nohavicky, hodvabnu bluzku, pancuchace a krasnu uzku suknu. Pred zrkadlom si ucesala vlasy a urobila make-up. Potom zisla dolu do kuchyne a postavila vodu na caj . Na stole v jedalni nasla pecen chleba, kusok masla a prazdny cajnfk. (Pavol je inzinier a odisiel do prace uz pred hodinou. Ofga je lekarka, pracuje v nemocnici, a casto ma nocnu sluzbu.)

Vocabulary bllizka cajnik hodvabny leklir, leklirka make-up najsfInasiel. nasla Pt nemocnica nocna sluzba nohavicky obliecfl obliekol pt osprchovaf sa Pt pancuchace pecen

blouse teapot silk doctor make-up to find hospital night-duty knickers to put on (clothes) to have a shower tights loaf

postavif vodu Pt to put on water (to boil) empty prazdny quickly rychlo table stol - stola sukna skirt to comb uCesaf Pt narrow uzky hair vlasy pi. vstaf/vstanem Pt to get up to take off vyzliecfl vyzliekol pt (clothes) zazvonif Pt to ring to go down zisfIzisiel, zisla Pt zrkadlo mirror

Rea d i n g 2 The continuation of her day

Ones mala vol'ny den. Naranajkovala sa, upratala byt, umyla riad, sadla si do kresla a zacala cfta( roman, ktory dostala minuly tyZden od kamarata, ktory teraz byva v Kanade. Poobede isla plava( a stretla sa v kaviarni s kolegom z Anglicka. Hovorili spolu hodinu a pol po anglicky. Rozpravali 0 Europe (0 politike a kulture).

1 05

Potom ju kolega odviezol autom na sfdlisko, pozval j u na kavu, odisla asi 0 hodinu. Nakupila v samoobsluhe (kupila chlieb, mlieko, bravcove maso a kurca). Pred domom uvidela Pavla. Prave otvaral dvere a vyzeral vefmi unaveny ako vZdy. Ahoj , Ofga, povedal. Ako sa mas? Mal som naozaj strasny den. Vosli spolu do domu, Pavol zatvoril dvere, vyzliekol si sako, isiel do obyvacky, nalial si ako zvycajne poharik slivovice a sadol si do kresla. Ofga isla hore do spalne. Vonku bola uz takmer tma.

Vocabulary ako vzdy ako zvycajne Anglicko Europa Kanada kultura minuly nakupif pf naliafl nalejem pf naranajkovaf sa pf odviezf pf

as always as usual England Europe Canada culture last, past to do shopping to pour out to have breakfast to drive, take ( away )

rozpravaf sadnuf/sadol pf sidlisko straSny stretnuf sal stretol sa pf uprataf pf uvidief pf

to talk, chat to sit down housing estate terrible, awful to meet

to tidy up to see, catch sight of they went in vosli zacaf/zacnem pf to begin to close zatvorif pf usually zvycajne

9 Strati la som

cestovny pas I've lost m y passport

By the end of this lesson you should be able to: •

talk some more about directions

•

talk about colours

•

use more adjective forms, and 'thislthat'

•

use forms of 'who' and 'what'

•

say 'somebody', 'nobody', etc.

•

make adverbs

Dialogue 1

m

Anna has lost her passport and money; she approaches the waiter (cainik, alternatively head waiter, pan hlavny)

Hl'adate nieeo? Stratila som cestovny pas a penazenku. Aky pas a aku penazenku? Britsky pas a malu eiernu penazenku. Boli tu v tejto taske. CASN tK: Kde ste sedeli? V prednej miestnosti? ANNA: Nie. Predmi miestnosf bola plna. Bla som do zadnej miestnosti a sadla som si do kuta vl'avo pri okne. CASNtK: Boli ste tarn sama? Nie. Hovorila som s tamtym panom v zelenom svetri. ANNA: Teraz som mu povedala, co sa mi stalo. Hl'adali sme pod stolom, ale nie sme nenasli. CASNtK: Bol tarn este niekto? ANNA: Ked' som odchadzala, prisiel tarn mlady chlapec v bielom tricku, ale teraz tu uz nie je. V kute vpravo sedela este jedna pani v kozenej sukni. CASNtK: ANNA: CASNiK: ANNA:

-

1 07

CASNiK: Ta tiez pred chvil'ou odisla. Zialbohu, neda sa nie rob it:.

Budete to musief ohlasif na policii.

Vocabulary britsky cestovny pas ciemy chlapec kozeny kut miestnosf odchaidzaf ohlasif Pt okno penazenka plny

British passport black boy, lad leather adj. corner room to go away to report window purse full

Dialogue 2

policia na policii predny stratif Pt s tamtym painom taska v tejto taske tricko zadny zeleny

the police at the police (station) front to lose with that man bag in this bag t-shirt back green

m

Anna asks about the nearest police station

Kde je tu policajna stanica? ANNA: CASNiK: Hned' za rohom. Nie je to d'aleko. Ked' vyjdete z kaviarne,

ANNA: CASNiK:

CASNiK: ANNA: CASNiK: ANNA: CASN iK:

p6jdete dofava a prejdete cez hlavnu ulicu. Hned' naproti staremu kostolu, za obchodnym domom, p6jdete doprava. Policajna stanica je v modernej budove hned' vedfa starej posty. D akujem yam pekne. Hned' tarn idem. Do videnia. Poekajte, co to tu lezf pod pultom? C asnfeka tarn niekedy nieeo dava. Sleena, vy mate ale stastie ! Cestovny pas - a Cierna penazenka! Museli mi vypadnUf z tasky, ked' som platila! Vefmi pekne yam d'akujem! Rado sa stalo. Vy ste Anglieanka? Hej , Anglicanka. Ale viete dobre po slovensky! Mam matku Anglieanku a otca Slovaka. Nemohli by sme sa niekedy stretnUf? . . .

1 08

Vocabulary budova casnicka dofava doprava hlavny lezaf moderny naproti + dat. obchodny dom pockajte! pojdete policajmi stanica

building waitress to the left to the right main to lie modern opposite department store wait! you('ll) go police-station

posta prejdete pI pult rado sa stalo

slema stanica vedfa + gen. vyjdete pI vypadmif pI

post-office you('ll) cross counter, bar happy to oblige (lit. glad it happened) Miss station next to you('ll) go out to fall out

La n g u a g e poi nts Colours ' Colour' is farba. Colour adjectives are often needed for describing things. Hl'adam kosel'u. - Aku chcete farbu? I'm looking for a shirt. - What colour do you want? Nemate to v inej farbe? Don't you have it in another colour? Aku to ma farbu? What colour is it? (lit. What colour does it have?)

Here are some common colour adjectives: ciemy, biely modrjlbelasy eerveny, zlty, zeleny hnedy, sivy/Sedivj ruzovj, oranzovj fialovy, bezovj

black, white blue/light blue red, yellow, green brown, grey (rose-)pink, orange (violet- )purple, beige

Ake mate auto? - Maly fiat. What kind of car do you have? - A little Fiat. Aku ma farbu? - Je cervenY. What colour is it? - It's red.

1 09

Aku ma kosefu? - Fialovu. What kind of shirt does he have/is he wearing? - A purple one. Trava je zelena. Obloha je modr3lbelasa. Kvetina je ilta. Maju farebny televizor. Kupil Ciernobiely film.

The grass is green. The sky is blue. The flower is yellow. They have a colour TV set. He bought a black and white film.

'T his' and 'that' The basic shared adjective for 'that/this' is ten, ta, to. We have met the neuter form as a general word for 'that/this (thing) '. It often corresponds to English 'it': C o je to? To je dom.

What is that/this? That/This is a house. It's a house.

Je to kniha? Ano, to je kniha.

Is that/it a book? Yes, it is a book.

As an adjective ten, ta, to is an un emphatic 'that/this': Kto je ten student? Kde je ta kniha? Kde je to mesto?

Who is that/this student? Where is that/this book? Where is that/this town?

For an emphatic 'this (here)' you add -to, producing tento, tato, toto, etc.: Tato kniha je vel'mi dobra. This (this here) book is very good. , For an emphatic 'that (there) you add tam- on the front instead: Tamta kniha nie je dobra.

That (that there) book is not good.

The two accusatives are male toho and feminine tu. The emphatic male form tento takes the accusative form tohto: Vidite toho (tohto, tamtoho) studenta? Do you see this/that student? Vidite tu (tuto, tamtu) knihu? Do you see this/that book?

1 10

Adjectives in different cases Masculine and neuter adjectives mostly share endings. The box shows forms of (to) male mesto ' (that) little town' : genitive dative locative instrumental

do (toho) maleho mesta k (tomu) malemu mestu v (tom) malom meste za (tYm) malym mestom

i nto . . . towa rds . . . in beyond . . .

For males, as always, the accusative is the same as the genitive: Poznate toho m1adeho cloveka? Do you know that young person?

Feminine adjectives have fewer different endings. The example shows (ta) mal8 zahrada ' (that) little garden': genitive dative locative instrumental

do (teil malej zahrady k (teil malej zahrade v (teil malej zahrade za (tou) malou zahradou

to, i nto . . . towa rds . . . in . . . beyond . . .

The 'rhythmic law' operates as before (e - e, y - y): krasne mesto, do krasneho mesta, za krasnym mestom Exercise 1

Correct these statements about Dialogues 1 and 2: 1 2 3 4

Anna stratila knihu. Sadla si do kl1ta vpravo pri okne. Prisiel tarn stary pan v ciernom tricku. Policajmi stanica je v starej budove hned' vedfa kostola. 5 Anna ma otca Anglicana a matku Slovenku. Exercise

2

Fill in the blanks with the right forms of adjectives and translate into English: 1 Elena ma

___

tasku. (black)

111

2 Juraj ma

tricko. (white) sukni. (red) svetri. (brown) 4 Vpravo stoji pan v aute. (that blue) 5 Anna eaka v 6 Jozef byva v dome. (that beautiful yellow) 3 Vfavo sedi pani v

Exercise 3

You are giving directions and need to say in Slovak: 1 To the left on the main street.

2 Opposite the big department store. 3 In the old building next to the post-office.

4 5 6 7 8

Just round the corner in front of the old church. In the back room in the corner on the left. In that little street opposite the police station. You cross the street, then you go to the right. The station? It's not far, you go to the left, then across the bridge.

Dialogue 3

m

Katka is writing to a French student, but they don 't share the same interests IVAN: Ako sa mas, Katka? Vyzeras smutne ! PiSes list? Komu? KATKA: PiSem Francuzovi, tomu studentovi, vies, ktory bol u Martina vlani. IVAN: Myslis Pierra? KATKA: A no. Neviem, co mu mam pisaf. 0 kom a 0 corn. Nikoho tu vlastne nepozna. A ani nema nejaky vefky zaujem 0 Slovensko. Miluje sport, futbal a ine, co ja nenavidim. Strasne rad poeuva vaznu hudbu, hra na klaviri, ma rad aj sueasne maliarstvo, kym ja 0 modern om umeni a vaznej hudbe neviem takmer nie!

Vocabulary a ine, co . . . co,

0

com

and other (suchlike), which . . . what, about what

Francuz kto, 0 kom komu

Frenchman who, about whom to whom

112

kym maliarstvo mam milovaf nemividief nejaky

while painting here I should to love to hate some, any =

Dialogue 4

nikto, nikoho smutne sucasny u + gen. vlani vlastne

nobody sad(ly) contemporary at (person's house) last year actually, in fact

m

[van just hates writing letters. Maybe he's a bit jealous . . . IVAN:

KATKA: IVAN:

Osobne tiez nemividfm taketo pfsanie, ved' vies. Preto nikomu nikdy nie nepfSem, dokonea aj ked' mam niekoho skutocne rad, alebo mame aspoii nieco spolocne. Niekam naprfklad ides: musfs tej kamaratke nieeo napfsai, lebo na to caka. Hl'adas pekml pohfadnieu, s nejakou peknou krajinkou, vyberas dlho, nemaju takmer nie, eely autobus eaka, napokon si predsa len daku ryehlo vyberies, kupis si znamku a zistfS, ze si jednodueho stratil adresu! Ty si uplne nemozny! Ale ked' mu nie nenapfsem, prestane sa so mnou stykai! A je ten Franeuz tak mimoriadne krasny a inteligentny? Aha, uz viem, jeho otee je bohaty bankar, zatial' eo ja som len ehudobny Slovak.

Vocabulary aspon bankar bohaty daky dokonca (aj) chudobny jednoducho krajinka mimoriadne napn1dad nemoiny niekto, niekoho

at least banker rich some or other even poor simply landscape extraordinarily for example impossible somebody

nikto, nikomu osobne pisanie pohl'adnica prestat'1 prestane Pt preto skutocne so mnou stykat' sa takyto

nobod� to nobody personally writing postcard to stop (doing) for that reason, that's why actually, really with me to be in touch this kind of, such

1 13

zatiaf co zistit'

entirely, completely uplne to choose vyberat' to choose vybrat'1 vyberie Pt

zmimka

while to find out, ascertain stamp

La n g u a g e poi nts 'What', 'who' and 'that/this' We have met co? 'what?' and kto? 'who?' already. They have other case forms very much like neuter to 'that/this ( thing ) '. Compare forms of to, co and kto: genitive dative locative instrumental

of that/what/whom to . . . about . . . by/with . .

toho, coho, koho tomu, comu , komu o tom , 0 com, 0 kom (5) tym, cim, kym

.

Accusative koho 'whom' is the same as the genitive: Koho hradas?

Who are you looking for?

Note how English commonly puts words like 'about' and 'for' at the end of sentences like these: o com hovoris? What are you talking about? o kom hovoris? Who are you talking about? Komu varis obed? Who are you cooking lunch for?

=

About what . . . ?

=

About whom . . . ?

=

For whom . . . ?

'Somebody' and 'nobody' The prefix nie- 'some-' ( sometimes da-) contrasts with the negative prefix ni- 'no-' in words from co? 'what?' and kto? 'who?' niekto, dakto nieeo, daeo

somebody, somebody or other something, something or other

nikto/nik nie

nobody nothing

1 14

------

They have other forms just like eo and kto. Verbs with nikto, nie are always negative ! Nikoho nema rad. He likes nobody/doesn't like anybody (lit. He doesn't like nobody). Nehovori 0 nieom. He talks about nothing/doesn't talk about anything (lit. he doesn't talk about nothing).

'Somewhere', 'nowhere', etc. A whole series of terms for 'some-' and 'no-' are derived from other question words. Kde? 'Where?' (Kde je Janko? 'Where is Janko?'): niekde, dakde nikde

somewhere, somewhere or other nowhere

Kam? 'Where to?' (Kam ide? 'Where is he going?'): somewhere nowhere

Kedy? 'When ? ' (Kedy mas Cas? 'When do you have time?'): niekedy, dakedy nikdy ( ! )

sometimes never

Aky? 'What kind of' (Aky mas dom? 'What kind of a house do you have?') n ejaky (!), dajaky/daky nijaky (or iiadny)

some, some kind of no, no kind of

Adverbs Adverbs often end in -0 and can be formed from adjectives in this way:

115

light, easy long

I'ahky dlhy

I'ahko dlho

lightly, easily for a long time

Others end in -e, especially if the adjective ending is -ny or -itY: ryborny pekny okamiity

excellent fine, nice immediate

ryborne pekne okamiite

� � �

excellently finely, nicely immediately

Similarly: dobre 'well', zle 'badly'. Some have competing forms: Idem rychlo/rychle.

I go quickly.

Adjective types -sky or -cky have adverbs ending -y. We have met these for languages: slovensky jazyk: Nehovori po slovensky. He doesn't speak (in) Slovak.

Similarly, letecky 'air'- gives letecky 'by air' (e.g. used on a letter). Instrumental "as" Note a special use of the instrumental to mean something like 'as' after the verb 'to be'. It tends to be used for someone/something functioning as, or being in the role of something (rather than being it in a permanent sense): eim je tvoj otec? Moj otec je uciterom. Exercise

[As] what is your father? My father is [as] a teacher.

4

Translate the following into Slovak: Who was Viera talking about? She was talking about Pavol. Who was she talking with? She was talking with the teacher. He knows nothing about Pavol. Nobody knows anything about that teacher. He lives somewhere in PetrZalka, but he never talks about anything. Viera talks very quickly, sometimes she talks for a very long time: - Are you going anywhere, Viera? - No, today I'm not going anywhere.

1 16 Exercise 5

First study Dialogue 5, then come back and translate the following into Slovak:

1 I'm sorry, I didn't recognize you at first.

2 3 4 5 6 7

We haven't seen each other for ages ! You haven't even changed much. I've put on weight a bit. That's not true ! You look fine. I know your article about the Czech Republic. Just now I'm very interested in the political situation in Central Europe, especially in Slovakia.

Dialogue 5

m

Ms Macdonald is trying to interview her old colleague lozet Botto MACDONALDOV A:

BUITo:

MACDONALDOV A:

Bono:

MACDONALDOV A: Bono:

MACDONALDOV A:

Bono:

Dobry den. Chcela by som hovorif s panom Bottom. Nechala som mu ranD odkaz. Tu je moja vizitka. Vecl' ja som Botto. Jozef Botto. Prepacte, ja som vas v prvej chvili nespoznala. To sme sa dlho nevideli ! Ani ste sa vel'mi nezmenili. Trocha som stucnel, pani Macdonaldova. Prestal som sportovaf. A vy ste naopak schudli. To nie je pravda! Nie ste v6bec tucny ! Vyzer:ite dobre. A ja zasa nie som taka chuda ! Ste autorkou knihy 0 dnesnom Nemecku, vsak? Budete sa cudovaf, ale ja vas citam. Poznam vas clan ok 0 politickej situacii v Ceskej republike. Vy ste d6lezitym politikom a ja som obycajnou britskou novinarkou. Teraz ma vel'mi zaujima dnesna politicka situacia v strednej Europe. Najma na Slovensku. Lutujem, pani Macdonaldova, ale nedavam interview nikomu. Ani peknej kolegyni z krasneho S kotska.

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STAEDA

1.

SEPTEMBAA

1 993

CENA 3

AOCNIK 3 (74) c:: rSLO 203

SI
pockaf, pockam dat', dam < davaf hrat', hram ( sa ) maf, mam poznaf, poznam zdaf sa, zdam sa

to to to to to to

wait give play have know seem

220

(b) M iscellaneous i-types -iet

bolief, boil letief, letim musief, musim myslief, myslim sedief, sedim vravief, vravim trpief, trpim vidief, vidim

to to to to to to to to

hurt fly have to, must think sit say suffer see

-at

beZaf, beZim ddaf, drzim lezaf, lezim krieaf, kriCim spaf, spim

to to to to to

run hold. lie shout sleep

-{1I

baf sa, bojim sa, bat sa stat, stojim, stat

to fear to stand

(c) M iscellaneous e-types -nut'

-at

dotknul' sa, dotknem sa, dotkol sa < dotykaf sa hnOf, hne, hnul < hybal', hybem, hybal (sa) vyhnuf sa < vyhybaf sa +dat. zapnuf, zapnem, zapol < zapinaf rozopnuf < rozpinaf vypnuf < vypinaf cesal', Cesem > ucesal' chapaf, chapem > pochopif pisaf, pisem > napisaf plakaf, placem > zaplakaf poslal', poslem < posielal' pozval', pozvem < pozyval' prijaf, prijmem < prijimaf ukazaf, uk8zem < ukazovaf zakazal' < zakazoval' zacaf, zacnem< zacinaf staf sa, stanem sa < stavaf sa

to touch to move to avoid to fasten, switch on to unfasten to switch off to comb to grasp, understand to write to cry, weep to send to invite to receive to show to forbid to begin to happen, become

22 1

dostat' < dostavat' (z)ostat' < (z)ostavat' prestat' < prestavat' vstat' < vstavat'

to to to to

get stay stop, cease get up, stand up

Iiat', lejem oaliat' < oalievat' priat', prajem siat', sejem smiat' sa, smejem sa > zasmiat' sa vziat', vezmem, vzal ( ! ) Pt

to happen, be going on to pour to pour out to wish to sow to laugh to take

-iet'

chciet', chcem chviet' sa, chvejem sa

to want to tremble

-it'

bit', bijem pit', pijem sit', sijem zit', zijem

to to to to

-iat'

diat' sa, deje sa

>

napit' sa, vypif

hit drink sew live

-ut'

pocut', pocujem obut', obujem < obuvat' (sa) zobuf < zobuvat' (sa)

to hear to put on ( shoes ) to take off ( shoes )

-yt'

kryt', kryjem umyt', umyjem

to cover to wash


zobrat' Pt also vziat', vezmem, vzal ( ! ) hnat', zeniem ( ! ), hoal pozriet', pozriem (sa) < pozerat' (sa) smiet', smiem nesmiet' mliet', meliem zomliet' < zomiel'at' umriet', umriem < umierat'

to take to drive to look to be allowed to not to be allowed to, mustn't to grind to grind to die

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zavrief, zaviiem < zavieraf rozumief, rozumiem . . . rozumeju > po-

to close to understand

piecf, peCiem, piekol > utiecf, teCie, tiekol utiecf < utekaf vliecf, vleCiem, vliekol

to put on (clothes) to take off (clothes) to bake to flow to run away to drag

-st'

klasf, kladiem, kladol > polozif niesf, nesiem, niesol pliesf, pletiem, plietol rasf, rastiem, rastol triasf, trasiem, triasol viesf, vediem, viedol

to to to to to to

-zt

liezf, leziem, liezol viezf, veziem, viezol

to climb, crawl to convey

od:

obliecf, obleciem, obliekol < obliekaf (sa) vyzliecf < vyzliekaf (sa)

put, lay carry confuse, knit grow shake lead

(e) Irregular verbs byt som, si, je to be sme, ste, su

I am, you are, s/he/it is we are, you are, they are

nie som niet +gen.

I am not there isn't

bol

was, were

budem, budes, bude

I, you, s/he/it shall/will be we, you, they shall/will be eat(s)

budeme, budete, budu jest jem, Jes, Je to eat jeme, jete, jedia

jedol zjesf, zjem, zjedol pf najesf sa pf

ate eat up eat your fill

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know ( s )

vedie( viem, vies, vie to know vieme, viete, vedia

knew

vedel povedaf, poviem p! odpovedaf, odpoviem p!

to tell to reply

(imp! of odpovedaf is odpovedaf, odpovedam ! ! )

Prepositions i n more deta i l ( a ) Basic prepositions Here are some meanings of basic prepositions. Note how several taking locative or instrumental switch to accusative for particular meanings. Accusative

cez

across, through

Presiel cez uUcu. He crossed the street. Presiel cez tunel. He went through the tunnel

pre

for ( sake, benefit of)

To je pre mna. This is for me. Nevidim pre tmu. I can't see for the dark.

for, because of

Genitive

bez

without

Pijem kavu bez cukru. I drink coffee without sugar.

do

into, to

Idem do mesta. I'm going into/to town. Zostanem tu do januara. I 'll stay here till January.

until, till od

away from, from from ( person )

Odisla od okna. She went away from the window. Dostal list od Petra. He got a letter from Peter.

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u

at (house. place of)

Byvam u tety. I live at my aunt's.

z. zo

out of

Vysiel z izby. He went out of the room. Kniha spadla zo stola. The book fell off the table.

off. down from

Dative

k, ku towards, to

to (as far as) to (house. place of) prot; against, opposite

Ides ku kostolu. You go towards/to the church. Ako sa dostanem k Dunaju? How do I get to the Danube? Idem k tete. I'm going to my aunt's. Ste proti mne. You are against me.

Locative na

on (+ acc. ) onto

for (purpose) for (intended time) o

about (topic) at (hour)

(+ acc. ) in (after time)

on. against

Kniha leZi na stole. The book is lying on the table. Poloiil knihu na stol. He put the book on(to) the table. C akam na elektricku. I'm waiting for the tram. Som tu len na tyzdeJi. I'm here only for a week. Hovoria 0 politike. They're talking about politics. Pridem 0 druhej. I 'll come at two.

Pridem 0 chvil'u. I'll come in a moment. Opieral sa 0 stol. He was leaning on the table.

225

po

by ( difference )

Si 0 rok starsi ako ja. You're ( 'by' ) a year older than me.

after

Po obede atal noviny. After lunch he read the paper. Beial po ulici. He ran along the street. Behala po zahrade. She ran about the garden.

along about, around (+ ace. ) as far as, up to

for ( to fetch ) for, during pri

near, by

v, vo in

in ( month, etc. ) (+ acc. ) on ( day )

in ( some verbs )

Sneh mu bol az po kolena. The snow was right up to his knees. Idem po mlieko. I'm going for/to get some milk. Prsalo (po) cely den. It rained all day. Sedim pri okne. I'm sitting by the window. Sedim v aute. I'm sitting in the car. V januari sneii. In January it snows. V pondelok. On Monday. Neveris v Boha? You don't believe in God?

Instrumental

medzi between

among ( st )

Medzi oknom a stolom. Between the window and the table. Medzi kamaratmi. Amongst friends.

nad

above, over

Stal nad mestom. He stood over the town.

pod

below, under

Stal pod hradom. He stood below the castle.

pred

in front of

Stal pred domom.

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before ago

He stood in front of the house. Pred vojnou bol doma. Before the war he was at home. Bol tu pred rokom. He was here a year ago.

s, so

with

Idem tam s Petrom. I'm going there with Peter.

za

behind, beyond

Stoji za stromom. S/he is standing behind a tree.

(+ acc. ) for ( exchange )

in ( time taken ) (+ gen. ) during

Kupil to za paf korun. He bought it for five crowns. Urobim to za hodinu. I'll get it done in an hour. Za vojny bol v Amerike. During the war he was in America.

Note also that medzi, nad, pod, pred and za are followed by the accusative when you mean 'motion towards': Spadol pod stol. Spadol medzi stolicky.

He fell under the table. He fell between the chairs.

Po- 'along' added to medzi, nad, pod, pred and za + accusative means 'motion in the location': Vtak letel ponad dom. The bird flew over ( 'along over' ) the house.

(b) Other prepositions These less basic, but still common prepositions take the genitive: near ned'aleko blizko okolo far from d'aleko od outside mimo okrem instead of namiesto unlike, as distinct from na rozdiel od during pocas according to, along podl'a along by, alongside popri

not far from around, about apart from

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pomocou uprostred vedfa

with the help of in the middle of next to

A few others take the dative: kvoli napriek naproti vd'aka voci

for the sake of despite opposite thanks to towards, with respect to

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•

Key to exercises

The answers given are not of course always the only possible ones. Word order may also vary (remember, last words carry more emphasis).

Lesson 1 1

1 Dobry den. (Ja) som Jozef. 2 Test ma. 3 (Vy) ste Slovakl Slovenka? 4 Nie. (Ja) som Anglican/Anglicanka. 5 Viera caka vonku.

2 1 Ste Americanka? Are you (an) American (woman)? 2 Je Viera Slovenka? Is Viera (a) Slovak (woman)? 3 Mate kufor? Do you have a suitcase? 4 Ste/Si vonku? Are you outside? 5 (Vy) ste Jana? Are you Jana? 3 1 Nas hrad je pekny. 2 Dunaj nie je modry. 3 Mam nove auto. 4 Voda je cista. 5 Stare mesto je krasne/pekne.

4 spinav y, vefky, vl'avo, nie, krasny/pekny, stary

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5

1 Viera is Slovak. Viera nie je Slovenka. 2 They're waiting outside. Necakaju vonku. 3 I live here. Nebyvam tu. 4 I'm English. Nie som Anglican.

6 1 Oobre. Mam sa dobre. 2 Nie. Nie som Slovak/Slovenka. 3 Votam sa (John/Jane Brown). 4 A no. Bratislava je pekne mesto. 5 Nie. Ounaj nie je cistY. 6 Vola sa ( S tefan Horak) . 7 A no, je stary/Nie, nie je stary, je mlady.

7 Ako sa mate? Mate auto? Je tu S tefan? 00 videnia.

Lesson 2 1

1 Hra sa. 2 Fajci a caka na obed. 3 Je doma. 4 Vari obed. 5 Vci sa. 6 Sedi doma, cita, pocuva radio, alebo spi.

2 1 Fajcfs/Fajcfte? 2 Kde je Igor? 3 SpfS/Spfte? 4 Pocuvas/Pocuvate radio? 5 Ako sa volate? 3

1 Moj kufor, moje auto, moja sestra 2 tvoja rieka, tvoj obed, tvoje radio 3 nase mesto, nasa rieka, nas hrad 4 vasa matka, vas ucitef, vas taxik

4 1 Nie, nemam rad/rada vodu. 2 Nie, nehram futbal. 3 Nie, nemam rad/rada sport. 4 Nie, neplavam. 5 Nie, nie som lenivY/leniva. 6 Nie, nie som chory/chora. 7 Nie, nemusfm fajcii.

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5 1 Ano, musim sa ucif. 2 Ano, viem po anglicky. 3 Ano, rozumiem po nemecky. 4 Ano, Evicka vie varif. 5 Ano, hovorim dobre po nemecky. 6 Ano, viem hrat tenis. 7 Ano, musime hrat nejaky sport.

6 dve sestry, dva obedy, dve auta, dva listy, dva taxlky, dve matky

Lesson 3 1

1 Vidim rieku. I see the river. 2 Varim obed/veceru. I'm cooking lunch/supper. 3 Nemame vodu. We don't have (any) water. 4 Nemaju uCitel'a. They don't have a teacher. 5 Nepoznaju Igora. They don't know Igor. 6 Vidite brata? Do you see (my) brother? 2 1 Mam brata. 2 Nemam sestru. 3 Eva nema otca. 4 Nemaju matku. 5 Poznas/poznate Evu? 6 Poznas/poznate lozefa? 7 Pozna Eva Pavla? 3 1 Do you run? Ano, beham.lNie, nebeham. 2 Do you swim? Ano, plavam.lNie, neplavam. 3 Do you like water? Ano, mam vodu rad/rada.lNie, nemam vodu rad/rada. 4 Are you a sportsman/ sportswoman? Ano, som sportovec/sportovky na.lNie, nie som sportovec/sportovky na. 5 Do you go for walks? Ano, chodim na prechadzky.lNie, nechodim na prechadzky. 6 Do you play football? Ano, hram futbal.lNie, nehram futbal. 7 Are you lazy? Ano, som lenivY/leniva.lNie, nie som lenivy/leniva. 8 Do you know Bratislava well? Ano, poznam Bratislavu dobre.lNie, nepoznam dobre Bratislavu.

4 1 To je do bra voda. That is good water. 2 Ivan ma dobreho uCitel'a. Ivan has a good teacher. 3 Eva nema spravnu adresu. Eva doesn't

23 1

have the correct address. 4 Pozmite pana Vilikovskeho? Do you know Mr VilikovskY. 5 Mate pekml vyslovnosf. You have nice pronunciation. 6 Viera ma anglickeho otca. Viera has an English father. 7 Ondrej ma slovensku matku/matku Slovenku. Ondrej has a Slovak mother. 8 Koho hfadas? Who(m) are you looking for? 9 Janko hfada niekoho. Janko is looking for someone.

5 1 A no. 2 Nie. 3 Nie. 4 Nie. 5 Nie. Lesson 4 1

1 Nie. 2 Nie. 3 Nie. 4 A no. 5 Nie. 2 1 Nie. Jana vari obed.lObed vari Jana. 2 A no. 3 Nie. Jana ide do samoobsluhy.lDo samoobsluhy ide Jana. 4 Nie. Peter studuje v Bratislave ekon6miu. 5 Nie. Jana studuje v Prahe medicinu. 3

pracujem/robim, fajcg, hfadaju, davame, hraju, plavate, varime, spia, idem, upratuju, studujeme

4 1 do Presova. v Presove 2 do Trnavy. v Trnave 3 do mesta. v meste 4 do samoobsluhy. v samoobsluhe 5 do Nitry. v Nitre 6 v Martine, do Martina 7 v Komarne. do Komarna 5 1 Prosim si zmrzlinu. 2 Prosim si pepsikolu. 3 Prosim si pohar mlieka. 4 Prosim si salku kavy. 5 Prosim si kus chleba. 6 Prosim si poMr vody.

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6 1 do hotela 2 do zahrady 3 do parku 4 v Oxforde 5 nema zmrzlinu 6 kavu 7 piSe list 8 si kupuje knihu Lesson 5

1 1 Mate syr, caj , kavu? 2 Nemate pivo, vino, vajicko, rybu? 3 Prosim si omeletu, biele vino. 2 1 Nie. Janko ide do mesta. 2 Nie. Janko ide k bratovi. 3 Nie. Viera chce ist do kina. 4 Nie. Film je 0 politike a 0 prezidentovi. 5 Nie. Peter nechce maso. Chce vajicko alebo syr. 6 Nie. Chce cervene vino./Peter cervene vino chce. 3

1 Varim matke obed. I cook mother lunch. 2 Pomaham Pavlovi. I help Pavol. 3 Ideme k Jozefovi na veceru. We're going to Jozefs for supper. 4 Hovorime 0 politike. We're talking about politics. 5 Jana hovori 0 Jurajovi. Jana is talking about Juraj . 4 1 Nechcem caj , chcem kavu. 2 Evicka nechce rybu. 3 Chceme ist do kina. 4 C o si prajete/zelate/date na pitie? 5 Kava je na stole. 6 Otec hovori 0 Igorovi. 7 Niekedy matke pomahame. 8 Ideme ku Katarine. 9 Pamatas/Pamatate si jej meno? 5 1 Je v parku. 2 Pracuje v muzeu. 3 Hovoria 0 politike, 0 litera­ ture, 0 umeni. 4 Pani Rybarova je doma, nemoze pracovat, lebo je chora, ale hra vefmi pekne na klaviri. 5 Nie, ale hra na gitare a rada spieva.

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6 1 Zora hni na gitare. Zora plays the guitar. 2 Byvam v hoteli. I'm living in a hotel. 3 Eva sedi na gauCi. Eva is sitting on the settee. 4 Muzeum je na namestf. The museum is on the square. 5 Pavol dava salku na koberec. Pavol puts the cup on the carpet. 6 S alka je na koberci. The cup is on the carpet. 7 Ak chces, mazes plavai. You can swim if you want. 8 Viem, ze Viera vie pisai. I know that Viera can write. 9 Nemazeme ist na koncert. We can't go to the concert. 10 Chceme ist do kina. We want to go to the cinema.

Lesson 6 1

1 Do you go to work by car? - Nie, chodim autobusom. 2 Where is your flat? - Nas byt je na namesti za kostolom. 3 Where is the church? - Kostol je pred skolou. 4 And where is the school? S kola je medzi kinom a riekou. 5 How do you go to Prague? - Chodime do Prahy vlakom. 6 Are you travelling alone? - Nie, cestujem s otcom a matkou. 7 How do you like it here? - Vefmi sa mi tu paci. 8 What would you like? - C aj s mliekom, prosim, a s cukrom. 9 Yes please? - Prosim si spiatocny listok s miestenkou do Presova.

2 1 Chalupa je medzi skolou a namestim. 2 Dedina je d'aleko od Presova, lebo nie je d'aleko od Bratislavy. 3 Pije kavu bez cukru a s mliekom. 4 Peter cestuje s bratom a so sestrou. 5 Vcera boli v Ziline a dnes idu do Presova. 3

1 Hl'adal som sestru. I was looking for my sister. 2 V lete si nestudoval(a). In the summer you didn't study. 3 C o ste robili na jar? What did you do in spring? 4 Pavol isiel do kina. Pavol went to the cinema. 5 Otec bol v krcme. Father was in the bar/tavern. 6 Pozeral som televiziu. I was watching TV. 7 V zime hrali sach. In winter they played chess. 8 S tudoval som medicfnu. I studied medicine. 9 Matka nemala byt. Mother didn't have a flat. 10 Na jesen sme cestovali. In the autumn we travelled.

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4 1 I drank coffee. Pijem kavu. 2 Eva waited for the train. Eva caka na vlak. 3 Pavol wasn't at home. Pavol nie je doma. 4 Sister was tired. Sestra je unavena. 5 The school was on the square. S kola je na namesti. 6 Juraj was studying. Juraj sa uci. 7 They went to bed/to sleep. Idu spat. 8 Father didn't have a sister. Otec nema sestru. 5 Nas dom je/bol na namestf medzi skolou a riekou. Moj otec tarn chodf/chodil autom, ale sestra chodf/chodila niekedy aj vlakom. Our house is/was on the square between the school and the river. My father goes/went there by car, but my sister goes/went some­ times also by train.

6 1 Prsi. Je mi zima. 2 Je pekne. Slunko svieti. 3 Je zima. Snezi. 4 Je oblacno/zatiahnuto, ale horuco. 5 Je veterno, ale je mi teplo. 6 Je hmlisto a mrzne. Lesson 7 1

1 bravcovy rezen a zemiakovy sal lit 2 parok v rozku s horcicou 3 rybu a chlieb s maslom 4 zeleninovu polievku, rybu a chlieb so syrom 5 kurca s ryzou a zmrzlinu 6 fazufku s vajfckom a rozok s dzemom 2 1 . . . v menze . . . ako v restauracii 2 . . . do kaviarne . . . kavu . . . poharik vfna . . . 3 na ulici . . . s horCicou 3 1 Jedia/jedli v hoteli alebo v restauracii. 2 Obedujeme/obedovali sme v kaviarni. 3 Potom veceriame/sme vecerali doma. 4 Na ranajky jem/som jedol chlieb so syrom alebo s dzemom. 5 Pijem/pil

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som kavu a caj s cukrom a s mliekom. 6 Restauracia je/bola dobra, hoci je/bola aj pomerne draM.

4 Jozef je vonku. Vcera prsalo. Sedel doma, cital si noviny a pocuval radio. Ones chcel is! von. Teraz je v meste. lSiel do Carltonu. Ma v kaviarni schOdzku s kamaratkou. Je to Anglicanka. Vola sa Andrea. Jozef ju uci slovenCinu. 5 1 Sedela v kniznici. She was sitting in the library. 2 Je hore v spalni. She's upstairs in the bedroom. 3 Janko je v posteli. Janko's in bed. 4 Otec bol v kuchyni. Father was in the kitchen. 5 Pozeral televiziu. He was watching TV. 6 Janko si oblieka sveter. Janko puts on his sweater. 7 Jozef si umyva ruky. Jozef washes his hands. 8 Eva si vyzlieka kabat. Eva takes off her coat. 9 Viera si zobuva topanky. Viera takes off her shoes. 10 Igor si obuva topanky. Igor puts on his shoes.

Lesson 8 1

uvarif, vypif, zaplatif, zjesf, urobif, napisaf

2 davaf/daf, kupovaf/kupif, d'akovaflpod'akovaf

pozyvaf/pozvaf,

citaf/precitaf,

3 1 Igor cital roman. Igor was reading a novel. 2 �uzka precitala list. Zuzka has read the letter. 3 Miso zjedol strasne vera. Miso has eaten an awful lot. 4 Eva vypila ffasu vina. Eva has drunk a bottle of wine. 5 Miso a Eva pili cely den. Miso and Eva were drinking all day. 6 Brat uvaril naozaj chutnu veceru. My brother has cooked a really tasty supper. 7 Sestra urobila jednu vefku chybu. My sister has made one big mistake. 8 Otec mu napise pekny list. Father will write him a nice letter. 9 Zajtra mu

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podakujem za tu knihu. Tomorrow I 'll thank him for that book. 10 Mohol/Mohla by som hovorif s pani Vilikovskou? Could I speak to Mrs Vilikovska? 1 1 Chcel(a) by som hovorif s pani Bednarovou. I would like to speak to Mrs Bednarova.

4 - Halo? Pani Bednarova? - Yes, speaking. Who's calling? Peter/viera. MohollMohla by som hovorif s pan om Bednarom? Unfortunately he's not at home. He's in Vienna. - Aha, rozumiem. Kedy sa vrati, pani Bednarova? - He'll return on Monday. Should I give him a message? - Ehm . . . nie. Nie je to vefmi dolezite. Chcel(a) by som sa s nim stretnui. Zavolam mu pozajtra, v pondelok vecer. Nebude vam to prekazaf? - No, that's all right. I 'll tell him you called. - D akujem vam pekne. Prepacte, ze som vas obfazoval. - It doesn't matter/You're welcome. Goodbye. - Do videnia. 5 1 Viera otvorila ok no. 2 Eva zatvorila okno. 3 Pavol si obliekol nohavice. 4 Eva si obliekla sveter. 5 Pavol si vyzliekol kosefu. 6 Vcera dostal pekny list. 7 Vstal zavcasu a zjedol rozok s maslom. 8 Prisli vcera a odisli dnes. 9 Nebudu doma cely den.

Lesson 9 1

1 Anna stratila cestovny pas a penazenku. 2 Sadla si do kuta vfavo pri okne. 3 Prisiel tarn mlady chlapec v bielom tricku. 4 Policajna stanica je v modernej budove hned vedfa starej posty. 5 Anna ma matku Anglicanku a otca Slovaka. 2 1 Elena ma Ciernu tasku. Elena has a black bag. 2 luraj ma biele tricko. luraj has a white T-shirt. 3 Vfavo sedi pani v cervenej sukni. On the left sits a lady in a red skirt. 4 Vpravo stoji pan v hnedom svetri. On the right stands a man in a brown sweater. 5 Anna caka v tom modrom aute. Anna is waiting in that blue car. 6 lozef byva v tom krasnom zltom dome. lozef lives in that beautiful yellow house.

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3 1 Dofava na hlavnej ulici 2 Naproti vefkemu obchodnemu domu. 3 V starej budove vedfa posty. 4 Hned' za rohom pred starym kostolom. 5 V zadnej miestnosti v kt1te vfavo. 6 V tej malej ulici naproti policajnej stanici 7 Prejdete ulicu, potom idete doprava. 8 Stanicu? Nie je to d'aleko, idete dofava, potom (prejdete) cez most

4 o kom hovorila Viera? Hovorila 0 Pavlovi. S kym hovorila? Hovorila s uCitefom. Nevie 0 Pavlovi nie. Nikto nevie 0 uCitefovi nie. Byva niekde v Petrzalke, ale nikdy 0 nieom nehovori. Viera hovorf vefmi rychlo, niekedy hovori vefmi dlho. - Ides niekam, Viera? - Nie, dnes nejdem nikam.

5 1 Prepaete, ja som vas v prvej chvili nespoznal(a). 2 To sme sa dlho nevideli! 3 Ani ste sa vefmi nezmenili. 4 Trocha som stuenel(a). 5 To nie je pravda! Vyzerate dobre. 6 Poznam vas elanok 0 C eskej republike. 7 Teraz ma vefmi zaujima politicka situacia v strednej Eur6pe, najma na Slovensku.

Lesson 1 0 1

1 Poekajte chvifu ! 2 Pod'te d'alej a sadnite si ! 3 Vezmite si knihu ! 4 Nebojte sa ! 5 Nebud'te tak nerv6zny/nerv6zna ! 6 Nechod'te ! 7 Nehnevajte sa ! 8 ZapiSte si adresu! 9 Zaj tra mi zavolajte! 10 Sft1bte, ze mi zavolate !

2 1 Prepae, nevyrusujem? M6zem isf d'alej ? 2 Poekaj chvifu ! 3 Vypi to ! 4 UZ by si mal(a) isf domov. 5 Pozri sa, Viera, preeo mi vykas? 6 Daj si so mnou este poharik ! 7 Lezal(a) si na posteli. 8 I:ahol/I:ahla si si na posteI'. 9 Prepae!

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238 3

cftaj/te ! read ! pi/te ! drink ! miluj/te ! love ! daj/te ! give ! nedavaj/te ! don't give ! napfSlte ! write ! povedz/te ! tell ! zjedz/te ! eat! prestan/te ! stop ! vyber/te ! choose ! fahni/te si ! lie down !

4 1 Slovaci, Cesi, Mad'ari, Anglicania, ucitelia, bratia, otcovia, synovia - Slovaks, Czechs, Hungarians, English, teachers, brothers, fathers, sons. 2 Slovenky, C esky, Mad'arky, Anglicanky, uCitefky, matky, sestry, dcery - all female: Slovaks, Czechs, Hungarians, English, teachers, mothers, sisters, daughters. 3 stoly, noze, vidlicky, Iyzice, taniere - tables, knives, forks, spoons, plates. 4 pekne kravaty, vefke pohare, krasne mesta, biele saka, cierne klobuky nice ties, big glasses, beautiful towns, white jackets, black hats. 5 1 Kupujete anglicke, ceske alebo mad'arske autobusy? 2 Vybral nejake pekne pohfadnice. 3 Tieto stare domy maju krasne zahrady. 4 Mate rad/rada moderne budovy? 5 Mam rad/rada stare hradyl zamky, kostoly, muzea a koncerty. 6 Adriana ma rada kaviarne, vinarne a draM restauracie. 7 Potrebujem tri znamky na Iisty do Anglicka. 8 Jeho kamarati/priatelia cftaju americke romany. 9 Maju radi talianske filmy a nemecke auta.

6 1 Janko ma dYe auta. Janko has two cars. 2 Tfto traja americkf studenti nie su hlupi. These three American students are not stupid. 3 Mam styroch bratov a jedneho syna. I have four brothers and one son. 4 Karol ma dvoch uCitefov slovenCiny. Karol has two male teachers of Slovak. 5 Jozef ma dYe ucitefky slovenciny. Jozef has two female teachers of Slovak. 6 To su vefmi stare a osklive/skarede dzfnsy. These are very old and ugly jeans. 7 Karol pracoval tri roky v Bratislave. Karol worked three years in Bratislava. 8 Tfto dvaja bratia boli dobrf priatelia. These two brothers were good friends. 9 Tieto dye sestry su vefmi dobre priatefky. These two sisters are very good friends.

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Lesson 1 1 1

1 S tyri kill! zemiakov. 2 S tvri kila masla. 3 Tri litre mlieka. 4 Kilo pomarancov 5 Dvadsai deka syra. 6 Patnasi deka bryndze. 7 Pol kila marhUf. 8 Kilo jahOd. 9 Desai deka sunky. 10 Dve kila jabIk.

2 1 S esi bananov, osem pomarancov a sedem broskyii. 2 Dvanasi fl'ias (fl'asiek) piva a pai fl'ias bieleho vina. 3 Pai Slovakov a sestnasi Anglicanov. 4 Desai tyzdiiov a jedenasi mesiacov. 5 Pai slov a styri slova. 3 1 tri koruny, styri koruny, dye koruny. 2 pai korun, strnasi, sestnasi, dvadsaistyri, styridsai, sesidesiat, tridsaipai, osemdesiat­ jeden, devaidesiatdevai, devatnasi konln. 3 paisto korun, tristo, dvestopaidesiatsedem, devaistoosemdesiatdva, tritisic, dvetisic stostyridsafSesi.

4 1 S e si vajicok 2 Pai litrov mlieka. 3 Dvadsai deka kavy. 4 Dve kila paradajok 5 S esi zemief. 6 Pai rozkov. 5 1 Zostali tarn desai noel. They stayed there ten nights. 2 Zostaneme tarn osem dnL We'll stay there eight days. 3 Ma osem polio He has eight fields. 4 V Bratislave je vefa kaviarnL In Bratislava there are lots of cafes. 5 Nas dom ma dye kupefne. Our house has two bathrooms. 6 Maju sesi detL They have six children. 7 Poznam len zopar fudL I know only a couple of people. 8 Mam dosi malo kamaratov. I have rather few friends. 9 Mam vera casu. I have lots of time.

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6 1 Mame vefa ziakov, niekofko Americanov slovenskeho povodu a zopar Anglicanov, spolu osemnasi fudf. 2 Pan S vantner ma skupinu zaciatocnikov, desai Talianov, osem Mad'arov a sedem Francuzov. 3 Vacsinou su to zeny: styri Talianky, sest Mad'ariek a sesi Francuzok - vera zaciatocnikov ale malo pokroCilych. 4 Kofko je hodin? - le presne sedem hodin, uz mali zacai. 5 Co mas/mate v tej aktovke? - Asi styri knihy, desai zositov a kilo zemi­ akov. Lesson 1 2 1

1 SU styri hodiny. 2 SU tri hodiny. 3 le jedenasi hodin. 4 le devai hodin. 5 le polnoc. 2 1 When did he come? - Prisiel 0 jednej . 2 At what time did he leave? - Odisiel 0 druhej . 3 When did they arrive? - Prisli 0 osmej . 4 When did they leave? - Odisli 0 polnoci. 5 When were they here? - Boli tu od tretej do deviatej . 6 When did she arrive? Prisla okolo stvrtej . 3 1 Hfadaju ma/ia. They are looking for me/you. 2 Tato kniha je pre miia/teba. This book is for me/you. 3 Hovorili casto 0 mne/o tebe. They often spoke about me/about you. 4 Stoja za mnou/tebou. They are standing behind me/you. 5 Idu ku mne/k tebe. They are coming towards me/you. 6 Kto mi/ti to povedal? Who told me/you that? 7 Chcela ma/ia poprosii 0 jednu vec. She wanted to ask me/you for one (particular) thing. 8 Nechcel isi so mnou/s tebou. He didn't want to go with me/you.

4 1 Nevideli nas. They didn't see us. 2 Nepomahali vam? Didn't they help you? 3 Kofko je vas? How many are there of you? 4 Chlapec moze hrat s nami. The boy can play with us. 5 Moment, hned' vam

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to poviem. Just a moment, I'll tell you right away. 6 Tento list je pre mis. This letter is for us. 5 1 Je stvrf na sesf. 2 Je tristvrte na pat. 3 Je pol siestej . 4 Odisli 0 pol desiatej . 5 Prisli 0 pol tretej . 6 Vlak odchadza 0 stvrf na dvanasf. 7 0 pol druhej sme zastavili pred hotelom. 6 1 Mate/Nemate vofne izby? 2 Je nas sesf. 3 Sme dvaja. 4 Potrebujeme tri dvojl6zkove izby, so sprchou. 5 Potrebujeme jednu dvojl6zkovti izbu, s ktipefnou. 6 Sti ranajky zahrnute v cene? 7 Dobre, berieme to.

Lesson 1 3 1

1 Vidim ju. I see her. 2 Pomaham jej . I help her. 3 Idem s nou. I'm going with her. 4 Hovorili sme 0 nej . We were speaking about her. 5 Hfadam ju. I'm looking for her.

2 1 Nemam ho rada. I don't like him. 2 Telefonujem mu. I'm phoning him. 3 ISla s nim na koncert. She went with him to a concert. 4 Nerad hovoril 0 nom. He didn't like talking about him. 5 Stretli sme ho pred divadlom. We met him in front of the theatre. 3 1 Zvycajne chodi vlakom. 2 Vcera isla autobusom. 3 C as to chodi do kina. 4 Ones ide do divadla. 5 V pondelok isiel na koncert. 6 P6jdete so mnou na diskoteku?

4 1 Vidite ich? Do you see them? 2 Hovorili sme prave 0 nich. We were just talking about them. 3 Zatelefonovala im. She telephoned them. 4 ISli k nim na veceru. They went to their place for

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supper. 5 Dostali sme od nich pekny list. We got a nice letter from them. 5 1 Vosli do domu. 2 Vlak uz odisiel. 3 Rozisli sa pred divadlom. 4 lanko vosiel do kniznice. 5 Viera obisla okolo divadla a presla cez most. 6 Nasli sme pekml vinaren. 7 Chlapec podisiel k oknu/k obloku.

Lesson 1 4 1

1 Tato bhlzka je lacnejsia. 2 Tieto gombiky sl1 lepsie. 3 Tento sveter je drahSi ako ten modry. 4 Biela blllzka sa mi najviac paei, ma najkrajsi strih. 5 Tieto kosele sl1 teplejsie, z kvalitnejsej latky. 6 Tato kosela je mi mala, potrebujem vaesie eislo. 7 Tato kosefa ma kratSie rukavy. 2 1 Eva je najmladsia. Eva is the youngest. 2 Otec je najstarsl. Father is the oldest. 3 Zuzana je moja najlepsia kamaratka. Zuzana is my best friend. 4 Igor je najsilnejsi, ale Peter je najrychlejsl. Igor is the strongest, but Peter is the fastest. 5 Moj kufor je najiazsi a tvoja aktovka je naj fahSia. My suitcase is the heaviest and your briefcase is the lightest. 6 Tato ulica je najkratsia a najuzsia. This street is the shortest and narrowest. 7 Tvoje auto je najnovsie. Your car is the newest. 8 Toto mesto je najstarsie a najkrajsie. This town is the oldest and most beautiful. 3 1 Ivan je hlllpejSi ako ja. Ivan is more stupid than me. 2 Maria je starsia ako Viera. Maria is older than Viera. 3 Pan Rojko je bohatSi ako pan Novak. Mr Rojko is richer than Mr Novak. 4 Evieka je mensia ako ja. Evieka is smaller than me. 5 Pavol je vaesi ako ja. Pavol is bigger than me.

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4 1 Byva v Trencianskych Tepliciach. S/he lives in Trencianske Teplice. 2 lej brat studuje v Kosiciach. Her brother studies in Kosice. 3 lej matka byva v Novych Zamkoch. Her mother lives in Nove Zamky. 4 leho otec byva v Topofcanoch. His father lives in Topofcany. 5 leho dcera byva v Piesianoch. His daughter lives in Piesiany. 6 lan Holly byval v Maduniciach. lan Holly lived in Madunice. 5 1 ISli sme do Koslc. We went to Kosice. 2 lej otec je z TopofCian. Her father is from Topofcany. 3 Ideme do Piesian. We are going to Piesiany. 4 Idu do TrenCianskych Teplic. They are going to TrenCianske Teplice. 5 leho sestra je z Novych Zamkov. His sister is from Nove Zamky. 6 1 Hovorili sme 0 tych americkych studentoch. We were talking about those American students. 2 Ide s kamaratmi/priatefmi do divadla. S/he is going with friends to the theatre. 3 Varf sestram obed. S/he is cooking her/his sisters lunch. 4 PfSe bratom kratky list. S/he is writing her/his brothers a short letter. 5 Ubytovanie objednava v cestovnych kancelariach. S/he books accommodation in travel agencies. 6 Kupuje knihy 0 starych mestach a hradoch/ zamkoch. S/he buys books about old towns and castles.

7 1 Ones letfm do Bratislavy. 2 Nerad lie tarn. 3 Vzdy nosf krasne kosele. 4 Ones nesies/nesiete kufor. 5 Zvycajne nosfS/nosfte aktovku alebo tasku: 6 C asto beha v parku. 7 Ones bezf do prace/ roboty. Lesson 1 5

1 1 Keby som mal cas, cestoval by som po svete. If I had money I'd travel about/around the world. 2 Keby si nemal/ste nemali peniaze,

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CO by si robil(a)/by ste robili? If you didn't have (any) money, what would you do? 3 Prelozili by ste/Prelozil(a) by si mi toto slovo? Would you translate this word for me? 4 Nemohla by prist' zaj tra? Couldn't she come tomorrow? 5 Neviem, Ci Viera pride. I don't know if Viera will come.

2 1 Macka je v mojej izbe. 2 Kl'uc je v tvojom/vo vasom vrecku. 3 Moj kabat je v tvojom/vo vasom aute. 4 Tvoje/vase casopisy su na mojej stolicke. 5 PoznaSlPoznate nasich americkych a anglickych kolegov? 6 Hovorila 0 tvojich/vasich priatefoch/kamarlitoch. 7 Hovorila 0 svojich priatefoch/kamaratoch. 8 Hovori 0 jej priate­ foch/kamaratoch. 9 Nechal(a) som svoju knihu na tvojom/vasom stole. 3 1 C ia je to kniha? To je Irenina kniha. 2 C ie su to topanky? To su bratove topanky. 3 C i je to bicykel? To je sestrin bicykel. 4 C ie je to auto? To je Igorovo auto. 5 C ie su to pera? To su strykove pera.

4 1 Je strnasteho januara. 2 Je piateho maja. 3 Je dvadsiateho prveho okt6bra. 4 Je osmeho septembra. 5 Je tridsiateho marca. 6 Je dvadsiateho deviateho augusta. 5 1 Chcela, aby som isiel/isla s nou. 2 Povedal mi, aby som si kupil(a) novu kosefu. 3 Radili nam, aby sme predali dom. 4 Bojim sa, aby som nestratil(a) zamestnanie. 5 Chcem, aby mi dali vacsiu izbu. 6 Potrebuje auto, aby mohla cestovat' po Slovensku.

Lesson 1 6 1

prekvapeny 'surprised', kupeny 'bought', napisany 'written', precitany 'read', milovany 'loved', strateny 'lost', vareny

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'boiled/cooked', oholeny 'shaved', zabudnuty 'forgotten', pozvany 'invited', baleny 'wrapped', zatvoreny 'closed', korunovany 'crowned', zmeneny 'changed', objednany 'booked/ordered'.

2 okno 'window', dom 'house', list 'letter/leaf', ruka 'hand' , kus 'piece', slovo 'word', ulica 'street', kniha 'book', pes 'dog', trochu 'a bit', roh 'horn/corner', pivo 'beer'. 3 1 Vsetky dievcata su v kniznici. 2 Vsetci chlapci su v autobuse. 3 Ako sa to piSe? 4 Kde sa predavaju lfstky do divadla? 5 Kniznica sa zatvara 0 stvrtej . 6 Hfadali sme vo vsetkych izbach.

4 cestuj uci travelling, organizuJucl orgamzmg, studujuci studying, cftajuci reading, volajuci calling, spievajuci singing, robiaci doing/ making, chodiaci walking/going, beziaci running, sediaci sitting, leziaci lying, pijuci drinking, spiaci sleeping, veduci leading/ manager, nesuci carrying 5 robit, sediet, vidiet, byt, jest, mat, spat 6 1 Pred styrmi rokmi. Four years ago. 2 Po dvoch rokoch. After two years. 3 C ftam troje novfn. I read three newspapers. 4 Mam len jedny nohavice: I have only one pair of trousers. 5 Chodfm do roboty sedemmistkou. I go to work on the number seventeen (tram/bus). 6 Byvam na osmicke. I'm living/staying in room eight.

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S lova k-E n g l ish g lossa ry

This glossary covers the dialogues, texts and most of the language points. N oun genders are only given if unpredictable. Some genitives in a/ -

or plural by > or

-e

-

u

or f. -i are added for the same reason,

to indicate a soft nou n . Perfective verbs are shown

< .

a aby to adresa aha ahoj aj ak akademia ako ako? ako dlho? aktovka akurat, je mi aky? adj.

ale alebo alkoholik americky American, -ka Amerika

and in order tolthat address ah! hi, hello; bye also (= in addition) if academy as, like (as if) , than how? how long? briefcase it's an exact fit what? what kind of? what " , like? but, however or an alcoholic American an American America

Anglicko anglickoslovensky anglicky, -y Anglican, -ka angliCtina ani ani ani apnl -a asi aspon august -a auto autobus -u/-a autobusova stanica autor, autorka az • • •

anD babka ' balik -a balif > za-

England English-Slovak English Englishman, -woman English language even neither. , , nor April probably, about at least August car bus bus station author to the point of, only yes granny parcel to wrap

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bamin -al-u banka bankar bankovka bar -u basnik baf salbojim sa batoiina bavif bavlna baiant behaf belasy Beskydy Beskyd f pi. bez + gen. bezmiisity beiaf + behaf beiovy bicykel -kla, pi. -e Biele Karpaty - Bielych Karpat f pi. bielizen -zne f

banana bank banker banknote bar poet to fear luggage to amuse cotton pheasant to run, see beiat' (light) blue the Beskids without meatless to run beige bicycle the White Carpathians

underwear, bedlinen white biely billion bilion -a billionth bilionty madman blazon -zna near, nearby blizko a blonde blondinka blouse bluzka dot, full stop bodka boh - boha, dat.l God loco -ul-ovi pi. bohovia richer bohatsi rich bohaty unfortunately, bohuiiar regrettably

bol, boli bolief bonboniera bozkaf > poboie! bralo brat, pi. bratia brafIberiem > zobraf, vziaf Bratislava, adj. -vsky bravCove (miiso) bravcovy adj. breh -u Britania, Verka britsky broskyna bryndza -e bryndzove halusky f pi. budem budik -a budova buduci bud' alebo bud'! buret -u bunda • • •

burka by byt -u by( byvat' byvaf freq. celkom celok -Iku

was, were see by( to hurt box of chocolates to kiss God ! , see boh crag, rock brother to take Bratislava pork pork shore, bank Great Britain British peach soft sheep's milk cheese cheese gnocchi I will be, see byf alarm-clock building next, coming, future either . . . or be ! snack-bar, buffet anorak, windcheater thunderstorm would flat, apartment to be to live to be quite, entirely whole (piece )

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cely cena ceruzka cesta cestovaf cestovny adj. -a kancelliria -y pas -y poriadok cestujuci cez + acc.

the whole price pencil road, journey to travel travel travel office passport timetable passenger across, through, during through it cezen cigarette cigareta emperor clsar to feel c1tit' lemon cltron -a foreign CUdzl cukor -kru sugar caj -u tea eajnik -a teapot cakat' > poCkat' to wait time cas -u magazine casopis -u casto often casnik, casnlcka waiter, waitress hi, bye cau C ech, pI. C esi; a Czech f C eska red cerveny cesat'/cesem > u- to comb C eskli republika the Czech Republic C eskoCzechoslovakia Slovenskol C eskoslovensko cesky, -y Czech C eska a female Czech Czech language cestina whether, if ci whose? Cl, Cia, Cie ciapka cap

ciarka Ciernobiely Ciemy am cinnost' aslo cisty cltat' > precitaren -me f cizma cllinok -nku clovece! clovek plo fudia co? - coho? co najskor

comma black-and-white black see co activity number, size clean, pure to read reading room boot article man ! person what? as soon as possible see co coho chocolate cokollida see co com, Comu soon coskoro strange, odd cudny to be amazed cudovat' sa da sa it is possible something daco - dacoho some kind of dajaky dakde somewhere sometimes dakedy to thank d'akovat' > pod'akujem thank you dakto - dakoho someone daky some or other further d'alej far, far away d'aleko d'alsl another, a further dama, adj. lady, ladies' damsky present, gift darcek -a dat' < davat' to give, put date datum -mu to give, put, see davat' dat'

249

dliid' - daid'a dazdnik -a dcera december -bra deci dedina dedo, dedko dejiny -in f pi. delene + ins. deka den - dna, vo dne, pi. dni - dni desat' desiaty deti -ti, -t'om, -t'och, -t'mi pi. of diet'a deviit' deviit'desiat, -ty deviitnast', -sty deviit'rocny deviaty diet'a -at'a, pI. deti dievca -at'a, pi. dievcata diplomat diplom -u, adj. -ovy diskoteka divadelny adj. divadlo dl8zka dlho dlhsi dlhy d izeD -zna dnes dnesny dni -i pi. of den

rain umbrella daughter December decilitre village grandfather history divided by decagram ( 1 0 grams) day

ten tenth children

nine ninety, -ieth nineteen(th) 9-year-old ninth child girl diplomat diploma disco theatre theatre floor for a long time longer long acute sign today today's days

dnu do + gen. do videnia dobre dobru chut'! dobm noe! dobry dobry den! dokonca (aj) dol'ava dobir -a dolu/dole dom -u dom -u doma domcek -a domov don, donho doobeda

doprava dost' dostat' < dostavat' dostat' sa dosiel dovolenka dovolit' < dovol'ovat' dovolit' si pf dojst'/dojdem, dosiel pf dOlezity dovod -u drahy/-si drez -u drobne pi.

inside, in into/to, until, ti11 goodbye well, good, fine good appetite ! good night ! good hello ! (lit. good day ! ) even to the left dollar down, downstairs house cathedral at home little house (to) home into him, it in the morning (lit. before lunch) to the right enough, rather, quite to get to get (to a place) see dojst' holiday to allow to afford to reach important reason dear/er sink change

250

drogeria druhy dub -a dufaf Dunaj -a dva, fin. dye dvadsat', dvadsiaty dvaja dvakrat dvanast', -sty dvere - dveri! dvier, dver(a)mi f pi. dvesto, dvojsty dvoch

chemist's other, second oak to hope river Danube two twenty, -ieth two (male) twice twelve, twelfth door

two hundred, -th two, see dva, dvaja dvojloikova izba double room two-hundredth dvojsty two, see dva, dvom, dvoma dvaja am diem -u jeans diinsy - diins! diinsov flm. pi. juice dius -u uhm ehm economics ekonomia elegantny/-nejii (more) elegant tram elektrieka emental -u, adj. Emmental -sky still, even (-er) eite 'still one', eite jeden another not yet eite ne-!nie something else eite nieeo again, once eite raz more still eite stale Europe Europa Lutheran evanjelicky to exist existovat'

exkurzia fabrika fajaf fajn fakulta na fakulte fantasticky farar farba farebny adj. Fatra, Mala Fatra, Vefka fazufka februar -a fiala fialovy fiba filharmonia film -u tTaia, -ka fontana fotka fotograf, -ka fotografia FrancUz, -ka FrancUzsko francuzsky francuzitina fUkaf futbal -u garaz -e f gaue -a gitara gol -u golier -a, pI. -e gombik -a goticky hadam hadaf sa hadzat'/hadiem

excursion factory to smoke fine faculty at the faculty fantastic vicar, parish priest colour colour the Low Fatra the High Fatra beans February violet purple, violet goodness! Philharmonic film bottle fountain photo photographer photograph Frenchman! woman France French French to blow football garage settee, couch guitar goal collar button Gothic probably, I guess to quarrel see hodif

251

hala halier -a, pi. -e halo hej herec -rca herecka historicky hlad -u, hladny hfadaf hlava hbivkovy salat hlavny hlbka hlboky hlbsi hlupy hmla hmlisto hned' hnedy hnevaf sa ho hod hodina -y hodinky -niek f pi. hodif < hadzaf/ hadZem hodif sa hodvab -u, adj. hodvabny hokej -a holiad strojcek holif (sa) > 0hora horCica hore Hornad -u horny horsky hotel

hall heller ( 1 00 koruna) hello (on phone) yes (colloquial) actor, actress =

historical hunger, hungry to look for head lettuce salad main depth deep deeper stupid mist, fog misty at once, immediately brown to be angry him/it, see on although hour, classes watch to throw to be suitable silk ice-hockey shaver to shave mountain mustard up, upstairs river Hormid upper mountain hotel

horii honid, -0 hosf, pi. hostia hostinec -nca hotel -a, lac. -i, p I. -y hoviidzi adj. hoviidzie (miiso) hovorif hrad -u hranolky -ov m. pi. hraf (sa) hfba Hron -a hruby/-si hrud' -de f hudba hustY hviezda hydina chalupa chata chce sa mi chcel by chdef/chcem chladnicka chladno, -y chlap chlapce! chlapec -pca chlieb - chleba chod'(te) ! chodievaf freq. chodif chory chrbat - chrbta chudobny chudy chuf -ti f chutny

worse hot guest pub, inn hotel beef beef to speak castle chips to play heap, pile, load river Hron thick/er chest music thick star poultry cottage chalet I feel like would like to want fridge cool, cold man, guy, bloke lad! boy ! boy, lad bread go ! to go to walk, go, see isf ill, sick back poor thin appetite tasty

252

chVlTa -le chyba chystat' sa chytit' pf iba idea dat.lloc. idei idem ide 0 + acc. igelitova taska ich im inteligentny intemat -u interview n. iny inzinier, -ka Ipef - Ipfa ist'/idem + modit' istde isty isiel, isla izba ja jablko jahoda januar -a jar -i f jamy adj. jasny jazero, jazierko jazyk -a je jedalen -Ine f jedalny listok jedavat' jeden, jedna, jedno

while mistake to prepare to go to catch only idea I go see ist' it concerns plastic bag their; them, see oni to/for them, see oni intelligent hall of residence interview other engineer river Iper to go certainly certain, ten isty the same went, see ist' room apple strawberry January spring spring clear lake, little lake language, tongue is, see byt': eats, see jest' dining-room menu to eat habitually one

jedenast', -sty jediny jedlo gen. plo jedlil jednoduchy jednolozkova izba jednosmemy listok jedol jeho jej jemu jesen -ne f jesenny adj. jest'/jem, jedol > zjest' ju juh -u, jumy jul -a jun -a k, ku + dat. kabat -a kabinka kam kamarat, -ka Kanada Kanad'an, -ka kanadsky kancelaria kapor -pra kapusta karfiol -u Karpaty Karpat f plo karta katolicky kava kaviaren -me f

eleven(th) the only, sole food, dish simple single room one-way ticket ate see jest' his possessive; him, see on her possessive; her, see ona to/for him, see on autumn autumn to eat her/it south, southern July June to ( 'S house), towards coat cabin, cubicle where to? friend Canada a Canadian Canadian office carp cabbage cauliflower the Carpathians card Catholic coffee cafe

253

kaidy kde keby ked' kedy kedysi kilo kilo meter -tra, pI. -tre kino klavir -a, loc. -i, pI. -y klobasa klobuk -a kfuc -a knaz kniha knihkupectvo kniZka knizniea koberec -rea koekovany koho kohutik -a kolega, kolegyna koleno kol'keho je dnes? kofkej? 0 kol'ko?

each, every where if when when? once (upon a time) kilogram kilometre cinema piano

sausage hat key priest book bookshop (little) book library, bookcase carpet checked who(m)? see kto tap, faucet colleague knee what's the date? at what time? how much/many? kofko je hodin? what time is it? who, see kto kom to/for whom, see komu kto cognac, brandy konak -u concert koneert -u concert hall koneertna sien at the end of koneom + gen. konecna staniea/ terminus zastavka conference konfereneia

koniee -nea kopee -pea koruna korunovaf sa kosf -ti f kostol -a kosefa -le Kosiee -ie f pI. kosik -a kozenY adj. krajaf > pokrajee -jea krajinka

end hill crown to be crowned bone church shirt Kosice basket leather to slice slice landscape (picture) krajsi more beautiful, prettier kraf king it's lovely krasne, je beautiful, more krasny, krajsi beautiful krat, -krat times to shorten kratif kratko for a short time short kratky shorter kratsi tie kravata pub, tavern krcma cream krem -u armchair kreslo to shout kricaf Krivan Krivan -a kriz -a cross neck krk -u boli ma v krku I have a sore throat step, pace krok -a/-u krv -i f blood who? kto? - koho? who, which ktory which? ktory? suitcase kufor -fra, pI. -fre

254

ku k kuchar, kucharka kuchyiia -ne kuchynsky kut kultura kupalisko kupaf sal kupem sa kupefiia -ne kupif < kupovaf (si) kupovaf to buy kurca -afa, pi. -ata n. kurenie kus -a o kus kusok -ska kut -a kvalitny/-ejsi =

kvetina kym kym kytica lacny/-ejsi fahky I'ahnor si/ fahne si pf fahsi lampa lanovka laska laskavo laskavy latka lebo lekar, lekarka lekareii -rne f len lenivy lepsi. lepsie

towards cook kitchen kitchenette culture bathing-place to bathe bathroom to buy see kupif chicken heating piece a bit (-er) piece corner good/betterquality flower while see kto bouquet cheap/er light. easy to lie down lighter, easier lamp cable-car love kindly kind material. fabric because doctor pharmacy only lazy better

les -a letecky letenka letisko letny adj. letief/Ietim + lietaf leto leiaf/leiim liek -u lietadlo lietaf list -oI-a listok -tka jedalny listok liter -tra, pi. -tre literatura literarnovedny

forest (by) airmail air ticket airport summer to fly

summer to lie medicine plane to fly, see letief letter, leaf ticket menu litre literature of literary studies London Londyn -a the people fud -u fudia -di, -d'om, people, pi. of -d'och, -d'mi clovek m. pi. folk fudovY adj. to be sorry futovaf luxury luxusny Iycee, college Iyceum -cea n. skier Iyiiar, -ka Iyiica spoon me. see ja ma maca -afa. pi. kitten -ata cat macka a Hungarian Mad'ar, Mad'arka Hungarian mad'arcina Mad'arsko Hungary Hungarian mad'arsky, -y trunk road magistrala May maj -a make-up make-up

255

mal mal by Mala Fatra Male Karpaty - Malych Karpat f pi. maliarstvo malickosf malicky malo maly/mensi mama, mami, mamka manzel manzelka maree -rea marhul'a -le maslo maf mat' rad/rada maf radsej mat' sa Matej Korvin matka mavat' freq. mavat' miikcen -a miikky/miiksi miisiar, -ka miisiarstvo miiso medieina medzi + ins. medzitym menej menif > z-

had, should have, see maf ought to, see maf the Low Fatra the Little Carpathians painting a trifle tiny little little, few small/er mum husband, pI. -ia couple wife March apricot butter to have; should/ be supposed to to like, love to prefer to be (feeling) Matthias Corvinus mother to have to wave soft sign soft/er butc h er butcher's meat medicine between, among meanwhile less to change

meno mensi menza mesiae -a mestecko mesto meskanie maf meskanie meskaf mi mier -u, adj. mierovy miestenka miestnosf miesto miliarda miliardty

name smaller refectory month, moon little town town delay to be late to be delayed/ late to/for me, see on peace ·

seat reservation room place, space, job thousand million thousandmilliClnth millionaire milionar, -ka million milion -a millionth milionty to love milovat' dear mily extraordinarily mimoriadne coin minea mineral water mineralka minimally, at minimalne least minuly last, past minus minus to spend, pass, miDl)f/minie, minul < minat' miss minute minuta young/er mlady/si milk bar mliecny bar milk mlieko me, see ja mna, mne many, much mnoho me, see ja mnou modern modemy blue modry

256

mohol mohol by moja, moje mokka mokro moment Morava na Morave Morava most -a mozog -zgu mozno moznosf mocf/mozem, mohol moj, moja, moje mraz - mrazu mrkva mrznuf mu mudry muka musief muzeum -zea n . mnzicky adj. mui my - nas mydlo mysliet'/myslim (si) mys -i f na + loco na + acc. na masle nad + ins. mihlit' sa nahnevany nahodou nachadzat'

was able, see mocf could, see mocf my, see moj mocca damp Gust) a moment Moravia in Moravia river Morava bridge brain maybe possibility to be able, can my frost carrot(s) to freeze to him, see on wise flour to have to, must museum performing man, husband we, us soap to think mouse on onto, for; for (time ahead) cooked in butter above to hurry angry, cross by chance, maybe to find, see najsf

nachadzaf sa najnajmii najskor najsfInajdem, nasiel < nachadzaf najviac nakoniec mikup -u nakupif < nakupovaf nlikupna taska naliafInalejem < nalievaf nam namestie nami namiesto + gen. nan nanho naobedovat' sa p! naopak naozaj napad -u napinavy napisaf/napisem < pisat' napit'/napijem sa p! napokon napnldad naproti + dat. naranajkovat' sa p! narod -a narodenie narodeniny -in f p i.

to be foundl situated most, -est especially most likely to find

most finally, in the end shopping, purchase to shop shopping bag to pour out us, see my square us, see my instead of onto, for him/it onto, for him have dinner on the contrary really idea exciting to write to have a drink finally for example opposite to have breakfast nation birth birthday

257

narodit' sa pI narodny nas nasadnut' pI naspiit' nastupiste nas, nasa, nase naueit' sa pI nauCit' pI naveeerat' sa pI navrh -u navsteva navstivit' < navstevovat' nazor -u, podfa mojho -u nazvat'/nazvem sa < nazyvat' sa nene acc. nebo -a, loco -i nebude ned'aleko + gen. nedalo sa nedavno nedel'a -le neho nech nech sa paei nechat' < nechavat' nechce sa mi nej nejaky nejst'/nejdem nemeina

to be born national us, see my to board, get on back station platform our to learn, see uCit' sa to teach, see ueit' to have supper proposal a visit to visit in my view to be called

not them, see ony sky he won't be not far from it wasn't possible recently Sunday him/it, see on let . . . please, help yourself to leave, let I don't feel like her/it, see ona some, any not to go, see ist' German language

Nemec, Nemka Nemecko nemecky, -y nemocnica nemohol

a German Germany German hospital couldn't, see mod' impossible nemozny nemu him/it see on to hate nenavidiet' neporiadok -dku disorder doesn't like nerad nervous, tense nervozny nesiem I carry, see niest' neskoro late later neskorii later neskor not to be nesmiet'/ allowed, nesmiem mustn't didn't go, see ist nesiel, nesla impatient netrpezlivy unemployed nezamestnany than nez nothing nie - nieoho don't mention it nie sa nestalo nie no, not nieeo - nieeoho something (to) somewhere niekam somewhere niekde sometimes niekedy someone, see niekoho niekto niekofko several several times niekofko raz niekofkokrat several times niekto - niekoho somebody niektory some to carry niest'/nesiem, niesol + nosit' t h e re i sn t niet th�m. see oni nich to nowhere nikam '

258

nikde nikdy nikto - nikoho, nikomu nim nim, nimi nizky nizsi no

nowhere never nobody

him/it, see on them, see oni low lower well. urn. (mild) but night noe -i f dobni noe! good night! night noeny adj. bedside table noeny stoUk noha leg nohaviee -ie f pI. trousers tights paneuehove nohavieky knickers -ciek f pI. him/it, see on nom normal normalny nose nos -a to carry, wear. nosit' see niest' nou her/it, see ona November november -bra journalist novinar, -ka noviny -in f pI. newspaper newer novsi new novy nozniee -ie f pI. scissors knife noz - noza her/it, see ona nu to be bored nudit' sa nudzovy vyehod emergency exit about (theme). o + loc. at (o'clock) in (a period of 0 + acc. time) oba, obe, obaja both. see obidva envelope obalka to fear obavat' sa

obed -a

lunch (midday meal) to have lunch

obedovat' > naobedovat' sa to go round, see obehadzat' obist' shop, trade obehod -u obehodny dom department store both obidva obidvaja both (male) to go round obist'/obidem, obisiel < obehadzat' reserved, objednany ordered to order, book objednat' < objednavat' cloudy oblaeno clothes oblecenie suit oblek -u obliect'/obleciem, to put on (clothes) obliekol < obliekat' to put on, see obliekat' obliect' sky obloha window oblok -a favourite obrubeny to turn (self) obratit' sa pf picture obraz -u occupied obsadeny to bother. obt'azovat' disturb to put on obut'/obujem (shoes) < obuvat' footwear obuv -i f to put on obuvat' (shoes), see obut' usually obycajne ordinary obycajny living room obyvacka

259

ocko oeak8vaf oci -I plo of oko od, odo + gen. odborny

dad to expect, await eyes from, away from specialist, technical rest, leisure oddych -u odevy -ov m. plo clothes odchadzaf to go away, see odlsf odchod -u departure odlsf/odldem, to go away odisiel < odchadzaf odkaz -u message to give a odkazaf pf message odkiaf where from? to fly off odletiet' < odlietat' odmietnuf to refuse < odmietaf a reply odpoved' -de f to reply odpovedafl odpoviem pf to reply odpovedafl odpovedam suddenly odrazu from there odtial' from here odtial'to to driveltake odviezfl away odveziem, odviezol < odvazaf to report ohlasif < ohlasovat' to shave oholit' (sa), pf of holif okamzite immediately little window okienko window okno eye oko, plo oci -I

okolo + gen. oktober -bra okuliare -ov plo olej -a omacka omeleta on, ona oni ono ony opakovaf > zopaleny opiif opity opytat' sa pf of pytaf sa oranzovy adj. organizovaf osem osemdesiat, -ty osemnasf, -sty osoba osobne osprchovaf sa pf ostaf < ostavat' osklivy, -0 ostiepok -pka otazka otec - otca, pi. otcovia otecko otvaraf otvorif < otvaraf ovefa ovocie Oxford -u ozvaf/ozvem sa < ozyvat' sa

around October spectacles oil sauce, gravy omelette he, she they it they (non-male) to repeat sunburnt again drunk to ask orange to organise eight eighty, -ieth eighteen(th) person personally to have a shower to remain, be left ugly, nasty a sheep's milk cheese question father dad to open, see otvorif to open much (+ -er) fruit Oxford to respond, get in touch

260

osmy pacif sa pal8c -a pamataf si > za- + acc. pamataf sa na + acc. pamatny pan pancuchace -ov m. pi. pancuchove nohavice pancuchy ouch f pi. pane pane boie! pani pani, acc. paniu, gen.ldat.!loco panej , ins. panou, pi. panie -i pansky papier -a, pi. -e paprika, adj. -ovy par paradajka, adj. -ovy Parii -a park -u parkovat' > zaparkovisko

eighth to please palace to remember to remember commemorative Mr, man tights

=

parlament -u parok -rka pas -u pas -a/-u paskovany pasta, zubna patrit'

pavuk paf pafdesiat, -ty patnasf, -sty pafsto, pat'sty pecen -cna peeeny pecivo pek8r, -ka pek8ren -me f pekne je pekne pekny

stockings sir! Lord God! Mrs lady

men's paper paprika, pepper a couple tomato Paris park to park car-park, parking lot parliament frankfurter passport belt, waist striped toothpaste to belong

peDaienka peniaze penazi m. pi. pepsikola pera, gen. pi. peri/pier percento, gen. pi. percent pero pes - psa pesnicka pesi, peso pevnosf piatok -tka/-u piaty piesen -sne f Piesfany -an m. pi. pisanie pisat'/pisem > napit'/pijem > vypitie, na pivecko pivo platit' > zaplavat' piece, pi. plecia - pliec

spider five fifty, -ieth fifteen(th) five hundred, -th loaf roast bread/rolls baker bakery nicely it's nice nice, pretty, lovely purse money Pepsi Cola lip per cent pen dog (little/nice) song on foot fort Friday fifth song Piesfany wntmg to write to drink for a drink (nice) beer beer to pay to swim shoulder

261

pleso plienka plno plny pfuhavo, je plus po + loco po + acc. po (slovensky) pocasie pockaf Pt pocuf/pocujem poeuf pocuvaf pod + ins. pod'(te) ! pod'(te) d'alej ! pod'akovaf < d'akovaf podaf < podavaf sa podchod -u podisf/podidem, podisiel Pt podkolienky -nok f pi. podl'a + gen. podlaha podnikatef, -ka podoba podpisaf < podpisovaf podstata v podstate pohar -a pi. -e poharik -a pohfadnica

mountain lake nappy, diaper full full it's nasty (weather) plus after, along, about, over for, to fetch in (Slovak) the weather to wait, see cakaf to hear it's audible, I hear to listen to under, beneath come ! come in! to thank to be served subway to go up to knee-length stockings, socks according to floor businessman, entrepreneur form to sign basis basically glass (small) glass postcard

pokladnica

pokrajaf < krajaf pokroCily pol pole Poliak, Pofka policajna stanica polievka politicky politik, politicka politika policia, na -ii polnoc -i f polovica Pofsko pofsky, -y pofStina poludnie polyesterovj pomahaf pomalsi pomaly pomaly pomaranc -a pomarancovy adj. pomerne pomnik -a pomoc -i f pomocf/ pomozem, pomohol < pomahaf ponahl'af sa pondelok -Ika, v pondelok

till, cash desk, box office, safe to slice advanced half field a Pole police-station soup political politician politics police, at the police midnight half Poland Polish Polish language midday polyester to help, see pomoct' slower slow slowly an orange orange fairly, relatively memorial (statue) help to help

to hurry Monday on Monday

262

ponosovat' sa na complain about socks ponozky -ziek f pi. in the afternoon, poobede after lunch Poprad Poprad -u ask for poprosit' 0 + acc. < prosit' popular populamy poradit' < to advise radit' order poriadok -dku cestovny timetable poriadok to have a talk porozpravat' sa Pt posad'(te) sa Pt take a seat floor, storey poschodie to offer poskytmit' < poskytovat' to send poslat'/poslem < posielat' posledny last built postaveny to put on water postavit' vodu Pt poster -le f posta na poste potom potraviny -in f p i. potrebovat'/ potrebujem povedat'/ poviem Pt povedzme povedz(te) ! poviem povinne citanie

bed post office at the post office then food, grocer's to need to say, tell let's say tell! say! see povedat' compulsory/set reading

pozajtra

the day after tomorrow greeting to greet

pozdrav -u pozdravit' < pozdravovat' to watch, look at pozerat' to know (e.g. poznat' person, place) to get to know poznat' < poznavat' care, attention pozor -u watch out ! pozor! attention ! davat' si pozor to take care pozriet'/pozriem, to look at pozri(te) ! (si) Pt + ace. (sa) na + acc. to take a look at, look at Pt pozvat'/pozvem to invite < pozyvat' see pozvat' pozyvat' to request poziadat' < ziadat' pozicat'/ to lend poziCiam < poziciavat' to borrow pozicat'/ poziCiam si < poziciavat' si I will go, see ist' pojdem to influence posobit' > zana + acc. origin povod -u povodne originally work praca -e to work pracovat'/ pracujem pracka washing machine underwear, bedpradlo linen, 'correct ' bielizen =

263

Praha prakticky pravda, pravda? maf pravdu pravdaze prlive pravidlo pravo na + acc. prary prlizdniny ·in t pi. prlizdny pre + ace. prec precitaf < ataf preco pred + ins. predaj ·a predajna ·ne predat' < predavaf predavac, ·ka predavaf imp! o! predaf predjedlo prednasaf prednaska predny predpoved' ·de t pocasia predsa len predsien ·ne t predstavit' < predstavovaf predvcerom prechadzaf

Prague practical truth, true? to be right of course just, just now rule a right to true holidays

prechadzaf sa prechadzka prejsf/prejdem, presiel < prechadzaf prekazaf preklad ·u prekladanie prekladaf

empty for (benefit of) away to read why? in front of; before, ago sale shop to sell sales assistant to sell starter to lecture a lecture front forecast weather forecast anyway, after all hallway to introduce day before yesterday to go across/ through see prejsf

prekvapit' < prekvapovaf prekvapujuci prelozit' < prekladaf prenho prepac(te)! preplneny

to walk a walk to cross, go across/through to obstruct/be a nuisance a translation translating, see prekladaf to translate, see prelozif to surprise surprising to translate for him sorry! excuse me! over-full, crowded exactly to move house

presne presfahovaf sa p! prestaf/prestane to stop (doing) < prestavaf rebuilt prestavany to change prestupif < (trains, buses prestupovat' etc.) Presov ·a Presov Presporok ·rka Pressburg therefore, so, preto that's why because pretoze president prezident, ·ka short-tempered prchky beside, near pri + loco straight, directly priamo to wish priaf si/ prajem si

264

priater, -ka priatersky priateru! pribehmif < pribiehaf pnbuzny, -a pride prichadzaf impf of prisf prichod -u pnldad -u prilis Primaci8lny priniesfl prinesiem < prinasaf pripominaf pripravif < pripravovaf prirodzene prisny prisfIpridem, prisiel < prichadzaf pristaf/pristane pf prisiel privera priviesf < privadzaf priviezf < privazaf problem -u profesor prosba prosim (fa, vas) prosim? prosim si prosif > po- 0 + acc.

friend in a friendly way pal ! to run up

proste proti + dat. prsia - pis n.pl. prsnik -a

a relative see prisf to come, arrive

prst -a priaf/prii prvy psi/psy pstruh pulover -vra, pi. -vre pult -u pyzama pytaf sa > o-/z+ gen. na + acc. rad, rada

arrival example too Primate's to bring

to commemorate to prepare naturally strict, severe to come, arrive

to suit, fit see prisf too much to bring (leading) to bring (by vehicle) problem professor, teacher request please can I help? pardon? please may I have to ask for

simply against chest breast (woman's) finger, toe to rain first dogs, see pes trout pullover

counter, bar pyjamas to ask someone about glad, + verb: like -ing to like maf raid glad to oblige rado sa stalo advice rada radio radio to advise radif > potown-hall radnica joy radosf better, radsej preferably to prefer maf radsej crayfish rak Austria Rakusko Austrian rakusky Rakusan, -ka an Austrian correct upper rameno arm; incorrect shoulder piece to breakfast ranajkovaf > naranajkovaf sa breakfast ranajky -jok f pi. morning rano =

265

raz gen. pi. raz niekofko r8z recepcny/-a rec -i f rekreacny republika restaurlicia rezen -zna rezervovany riad -u rieka rimsky robievaf treq. robif robota rock -u, adj. -ovy rocne obdobie rocnik -a rodiCia -ov stari rodina roh -u, za -om

time, once, several times receptionist speech, language recreational republic restaurant schnitzel reserved the dishes river Roman to do, make, work to do, make. work work rock music season year (of studies) parents grandparents family corner, round the corner year role novel the same straight, exact definitely decision to decide

rok -al-u rola roman -u rovnaky rovny rozhodne rozhodnutie rozhodnuf < rozhodovaf (sa) rozisf sa, rozisli they parted sa Pt rozmenif < to give change for rozmienaf to talk, chat rozpravaf (sa) rozumief/-iem to understand -eju • • •

rozviesf/ rozviedol sa Pt rozok -zka or roitek -a rozny ruka rukavica rukav -a Kus, Kuska Kusko rusky, -y rustina ruz -u ruza ruzovy ryba, adj. rybaci rychlo ryza s, so + ins. sa - seba sadnuf/sadol, sadni(te)! si Pt sako salama samoobsluha

to get divorced

crescent-shape/ pointed roll various hand glove sleeve a Russian Russia Russian Russian lipstick rose pink fish quickly rice with self to sit down, get on (bus)

j acket salami self-service. supermarket of course samozrejme sandal -a, pi. -e sandal alone, self sam. sama seba, sebe, sebou self, see sa to sit sedavaf treq. seven sedem sedemdesiat, -ty seventy, -ieth sedemnasf. -sty seventeen( th) to sit sedief a second sekunda here (motion sem towards) semester semester -tra, pi. -e

266

seminar -a, pi. -e seminar, seminary september -bra September servus 'servant', hi/ hello, bye sestra sister sever -u, sevemy north, northern seveme od north from + gen. season sezona sehody -ov stairs, steps m. pi. down the dolu sehodmi stairs sehodzka meeting to get thin sehudnUf/ sehudol Pt to/for self si you are, see byt' si albeit . . . siee ale however sidlisko housing estate seat, sidlo headquarters siedmy seventh hall sien -ne f strong silny situation situacia sivy grey rock, rocky skala, adj. skalnaty disappointed sklamany early skoro, sk0rY rather, more skor (like); sooner closet, cupboard skrina -ne group skupina actually, really skutocne skuska exam skvely splendid, excellent slaby, slabsi weak, weaker • • •

sladit' > 0sl8vny slecna slipy -ov m. pi. slivoviea slnecno slnko sloboda slovansky Slovak, pi. -ci slovenCina Slovenka Slovensko na Slovensku slovensky, -y slovnik -a slovo sluzba srubit' < srubovat' smiid -u, smiidny sme smerom na + acc. smiesny smiet'/smiem Smokovec -yea smutne smutny snaZit' sa sneh -u snezit' so s sobota soeha sor - soli f som spadnut' Pt spat'/spim sp8lna -ne =

to sweeten famous Miss briefs plum brandy sunny the sun freedom Slav, Slavonic a Slovak Slovak language Slovak woman Slovakia in Slovakia Slovak dictionary word service, duty to promise thirst, thirsty we are, see byt' in the direction of funny to be allowed, may Stary Smokovec sad(ly) sad to try snow to snow with Saturday statue salt I am, see byt' to fall down to sleep bedroom

267

spavaf freq. spevak, spevacka spi(te)! spiatoeny listok spievaf > zaspisovatef, -ka spisovny spodky -ov m. pi. spodna bielizeo Spojene staty m. pi. spokojny spoloeny spolu

to sleep singer sleep! see spaf return ticket to sing writer standard literary underpants underwear United States

contented common, shared together, altogether spoluziakl-ziacka fellow-student to remember spomemif/ spomeniem < spominaf si sporak -a cooker to recognise spoznaf < spoznavaf sprava report, news spravny correct, right sprcha shower spytaf sa < to ask pytaf sa heart srdce srdecny cordial staaf to be enough state still, constantly, keep staly cons t ant, steady stanica station policajna police station zeleznicna railway station granny stara mama stara matka grandmother old-fashioned starom6dny stary/-si old/er stary otec grandfather

staf salstane sa < stavaf sa staf/stojim ste stena sto, sty stolicka stolik -a storoae stol - stola stracaf strana strasne strasny stratif < stracaf strazif stred -u

to happen, become to stand, to cost you are, see byf wall hundred, -th chair little table century table see stratif side terribly terrible, awful to lose to guard the middle, centre Wednesday streda stredisko centre secondary school stredna skola central, middle stredny roof strecha to meet, see stretaf sa stretmif sa stretavaf sa freq. to meet to meet stretmif/stretol sa < stretaf sa meeting stretnutie cut strih -u machine stroj -a appliance strojcek -a holiaci strojcek shaver tree strom -u stromcek -a (little) tree ceiling strop -u uncle stryko, stryc to grow fat stucnief pf degree stupeo -poa hundredth sty to be in touch stykaf sa su they are, see byf

268

suhlasif sucho sukoa -ne sused, suseda sucasny surne sutok -u sviity svedci yam svet -a sveter -tra, pi. -tre svetlo svetly/-ejsi svietif svieii svoj symbol -u syn, pi. synovia syr -a saeh -u/saehy pi. sallit -u s81 -u s8lka Samp6n -u saty - siat f pi. sedivy sesf sesfdesiat, -ty sestnasf, -sty sesfroeny siel siesty siroky/sirii siry skaredy skoda skola skolsky rok S k6tsko sla, sli

to agree dry skirt neighbour contemporary urgently confluence Saint it suits you world sweater light light/er-coloured to shine fresh one's own symbol son cheese chess salad scarf cup shampoo clothes, woman's dress grey six sixty, -ieth sixteen(th) 6-year-old went, see isf sixth wide/r wide open ugly a pity school school year Scotland went, see isf

soferovat' spinavy sport -u sportovaf sportovee -vea sportovkyoa sfastie maf sfastie sfastny stena -afa, pi. -ata stit -u/-a strnasf, -sty strngnuf Pt student, -ka studovaf/ studujem stvorsty stvrf stvrt'hodina

to drive dirty sport to play sport sportsman sportswoman luck, happiness to be lucky happy puppy peak, shield, gable fourteen(th) to clink glasses student to study four-hundredth quarter quarter of an hour Thursday fourth four forty, -ieth

stvrtok -tka stvrty styri - styroeh styridsaf, styridsiaty styristo, stvorsty four hundred, -th ham sunka to there, see tam ta you, see ty fa ta that, see ten tabak -u tobacco plaque, tablet tabul'a -le to pull, tug fahaf tak so, about so on tak d'alej tak vel'a so many almost takmer this way, like takto this

269

so + adj., such, this kind of taky isty the same (kind of) this kind of, takyto such takze so that, so . . . talent talent -u Talian, Talianka an Italian talianana Italian language Italy Taliansko taliansky, -y Italian tam there that tamten, tamta, tamto plate tanier -a taska bag tatarska omacka Tartar sauce tato this, see tento tatransky adj. Tatra Tatry -tier f pi. the Tatras camel fava taxi taxik -a difficulty fBikosf heavy, difficult fBiky fBisl heavier, more difficult teba, tebe, you, see ty tebou teda then ( in that case) tej (to) see ten(to) tera -afa, pi. -ata calf veal teraci adj. veal teracie (miiso) to telephone telefonovaf > zatelephone telefon -u speaking pri -e phone number telefonne cIslo television televlzia TV set televlzor -a

taky

=

telo temer ten, ta, to tenis -u tenky/tensl tento, tato, toto tentoraz Teplice -IC f pi. teplo teply/-ejsl teraz tesl ma tesif > potesif sa na + acc. tema teta ti tl, tie tielko tiez tiez neticho! tichy tiSIC, -i tma tmavy/-sI to to, ze toho/tohto, tomu(to), tom(to) torko! topanky -nok f pi. Topofcany -ian m. pi. totiz

body almost that tennis thin/ner this this time Trencianske Teplice warm(th) warm/er now pleased to meet you to please to look forward to theme aunt to/for you, see ty those, see ten (under )vest also ( likewise) also not, not . . . either quiet! quiet thousand, -th darkness, dark dark/er that, see ten the fact that see ten(to) =

so much/many ! shoes Topofcany that's see

to

say, you

270

tou traja tniva treba TrenCin -a trenirky -rok f pi. treti trh -u na trhu tri trieko tridsat'. tridsiaty trieda trikrat trinasf, -sty tristo, trojsty tristvrte na troeh troehultroeha trojsty trom, tromali trosku/troska trpief trvanlivj trvaf tu tu(to) tueny tuhy tuna tunel -a, loco -i, pi. -y turista, -ka turisticky adj. tusif tura tvar -e/-i f tvoj ty - falteba

that, see ten three ( male ) grass it's necessary Trencfn boxer shorts third market at the market three T-shirt thirty, -ieth class three times thirteen ( th ) three hundred, -th a quarter to see tri a little three-hundredth see tri a little to suffer durable to last here see ten(to) fat hard over here tunnel tourist tourist to guess, sense hike face your you sg

tyeh(to) tjm(to), tymi(to) tykaf si typieky tjiden -dna u + gen . ubytovanie ueebnica ueesaf Pt

see

ten(to)

to say 'ty' typical week at Cs house ) accommodation textbook to comb, see eesat' to teach ueit' > nato study ueif sa to learn ueif sa > naueiter, -ka teacher udeniny -in f pi. smoked meats valley udolie cucumber uhorka, adj. uhorkovy ( old ) Hungary Uhorsko uhorsky adj. ( old ) Hungarian ueho, pi. usi ear - usi it's OK, not ujde to bad ujsf/ujde, usiel to get away, usiel mi I missed . . . ujo, ujko maternal uncle ukazaf/ukazem to show < ukazovat' street ulica ulieka little street task, role uloha artist umelee -lea, umelkyna umenie art umrief/umrie to die < umieraf to wash umyt'/umyjem < umyvat' (sa) umyvadlo washbasin, sink umyvaf to wash, see umyf • • •

27 1

unaveny univerzita na univerzite univerzitny adj. uplne

tired university at university university entirely, completely uprataf/upracem to tidy < upratovat' tidying-up upratovanie to tidy, see upratovaf uprataf to put in order upravit' < upravovat' definitely urate to do, make urobif pf of robif left-luggage office uschovna success uspech -u usta - ust n. pi. mouth institute ustav -u ustredne kurenie central heating usi -i pi. of ucho ears Tuesday utorok -rka to cook uvarif < varif to see/catch uvidief pf sight of narrow uzky now, already ui narrower uisi in v, vo + lac. on (day of v, vo + acc. week), into river Vah Vah -u egg vajieko to/for you, see vam vy (by) you, see vy vami boiled vareny to cook varit' > uyou, of you, see vas vy

vas, vasa, vase vazeny vazne vazny viiesi viiesinou viiesmi veera veerajsi vd'aka vec -i f veeer -a veeera -e veeerat'1 veeeriam > naveeerat' sa veda vedecky vedia vediem vediet'/viem vedia vedfa + gen. veduci, -a ved' vegetarian, -ka vefa Vefka Rritania Vel'ka Fatra vefky, viesi vefmi vefvyslanectvo vesely veterno vetra veziem

• • •

vezmem vezmi(te) si!

your respected, dear seriously serious bigger mostly more yesterday yesterday's thanks thing evening dinner, supper to have supper

science scientific, scholarly they know, see vediet' I lead, see viest' to know, to know how next to manager( ess) after all a vegetarian a lot Great Britain the High Fatra big, bigger very embassy happy, merry windy see vietor I convey, see viezf I 'll take see vziat' take ! , see nil ...

272

veia, gen. pi. veii vehadzat' vehod -u viae, viacej viae-menej viaekrat Vianoee -noe f pi. vianocny adj. vidavat' freq. vidiek -a vidiet'/vidim vidiet' vidlicka vidno Vieden -dne f viedol viem

tower to enter, see vojst' entrance more more or less several times Christmas Christmas to see the country to see it's visible, you can see fork it's visible, you can see Vienna led, see viest' I know, see vediet' to lead

viest'/vediem, viedol + vodit' to drive a car viest' auto you know, see vies vediet' wind vietor - vetra drove, took, see viezol viezt' to convey, take vielt'/veziem, viezol + vozit' weekend vikend -u villa vila winebar vinaren -me f (nice) wine vinecko wine vino to hang visiet' welcome ! vitam! to welcome vitat' > pri-/ubusiness card vizitka

vlak -u vlani vlastne vlastny vlasy -ov vfavo vlek -u vlneny vnucka vnuk vo v voda vodit'

m.

pi.

=

vojna vojst'/vojdem, vosiel < vehadzat' vokan -a volat' > zavolat' sa volejbal -u vol'ny von vonku vopred vozit' vobee vobee nevpravo vraeat' (sa) vraj vratane + gen. vratit' < vraeat'1 vraciam vratit' sa < vraeat' sa vutnik vraviet'

train last year actually, in fact own hair on the left ski-lift woollen gralolddaughter grandson in water to lead, see viest' war to enter

circumflex to call, phone to be called volleyball free, vacant out (motion out) outside in advance to convey, see viezt' at all not at all on the right to return, see vratit' apparently, they say including to return, give back to return, gol come back porter to say

273

viba vrecko, adj. vreckovy vstaf/vstaoem < vstavaf vstavaf vstup -u vsak vsetci, vsetky, sg vsetok vsetko vtak vtedy vy - vas vyber -u vyberaf vyberte si! vybomy vybraf/vyberie < vyberat' vydaf < vydavaf vyhrad oa + acc. vyhrat' < vyhravat' vychod -u, oa -e vychodoy vyjst'/vyjdem, vysiel < vychadzat' vykat' si vylet -u vyoikajuci vyoimka vypadnut' pf

willow pocket to get up to get up, see vstaf entry however; isn't it? agree? all everything bird then, at that time you p l./sg formal selection to choose, see vybraf choose ! , see vybraf excellent to choose to publish view of to win exit; east, in the east eastern to go out

to say 'vy' excursion, trip marvellous exception to fall out

vypif/vypijem vypif si pf vyprazaoy vyrusovaf vyskusaf si pf vyslovoosf vysoka skola vysoko Vysoke Tatry - Vysokych Tatier f pi. vysoky/vyssi vystupif < vystupovaf vyse vyssi ryfah -u vytvorif < vytvaraf vyvar -u vyzeraf

to drink, pf of pif to have a drink fried to disturb to try on/out pronunciation university high up the High Tatras =

high/er to perform, to step out more than higher, see vysoky lift, elevator to create

consomme to look (appearance) vyzliect'/vyzliekol to take off (clothes) < vyzliekat' to take off, see vyzliekaf vyzliect' educating, vzdelavaoie training air vzduch -u to take vziat'/vezmem, vzal < brat' always vidy, vidycky WC, see also WC /vetse/ zachod out of, from z, zo + gen. behind, beyond za + ins. for (e.g. za + acc. payment) to wrap zabalit' < balit'

274

zabudmif < zabudaf zabudnuty zaeaf/zaenem < zaeinaf zaeiatoenik, -nieka zaeiatok -tku zaeinaf zadny zadok -dku zahrada zahraniCie zahrnuty zachod -a/-u zajsf/zajdem, zasiel pf zajtra zajtrajsi adj. zakaz -u zakazany zakazaf/zakaze < zakazovaf zakazdym zakusok -ska zalozif < zakladaf zafubeny zamestnanie zamok -mku zapad -u na zapade zapadny zaparkovaf < parkovaf zapisaf/zapiSem < zapisovaf zaplatif < platif

to forget forgotten to begin beginner beginning to begin, see zaeaf back backside garden abroad included toilet, WC to go (call in somewhere ), set (of sun etc.) tomorrow tomorrow's prohibition forbidden to forbid each/every time desert, cake to found in love employment chateau, castle west, setting (of sun) in the west western to park to note down to pay

zaposobif < posobif zasa, zase zaspaf/zaspi pf zastavif < zastavovaf (sa) zastavka zatiahnuto zatiaf zatiaI' co zatvaraf zatvoreny zatvorif < zatvaraf zaujem -jmu 0 + acc. ( ! ) zaujimaf zaujimavy zaveasu zavolaf pf of volaf zavse zazvonif < zvonif zbierka zdaf sa zdravie na zdravie zelenina, adj. -ovy zeleny zemiak -a, adj. -ovy zima zimny adj. zisf/zidem, zisiel < schBdzaf zisf sa < schadzaf sa

to influence again to fall asleep to stop bus/tram stop overcast so far, meanwhile while to close, see zatvorif closed to close, shut interest in to interest interesting early to call, phone from time to time to ring collection to seem health cheers ! vegetable green potato winter, cold winter to go down to meet

275

zist' sa pf

to come in handy zistit' < zist'ovat' to find out, ascertain to eat up zjest'/zjem, zjedol < jest' golden zlaty reduction zfava to break zlomit' pf zle badly complicated zlozity bad zly zmenit' < menit' to change treaty zmluva ice-cream zmrzlina to mean znamenat' stamp znamka out of zo z approximately zo zobrat'/zoberiem to take < brat' to get married zobrat' sa pf to wake up zobudit' sa < zobudzat' sa zobut'/zobujem to take off (shoes) < zobuvat' si to take off, see zobuvat' zobut' to grind zomliet'1 zomeliem, zomlel < zomiefat' a couple zopar =

zostat'/zostanem < zostavat' zosit -a/-u zoznamit' sa pf zrazu zrkadlo, adj. -ovj z..ucaniny -in f p I. zub -a zubna pasta' zvonit' > zazvycajne ze ze? zelat' (si) zeleznicna stanica zemfa, gen. p I. zemief zena zenatj Ziadat' > poziadny adj. ziak, ziacka ziaf ziafbohu ziletka zivot -a zit'/zijem zlty

to stay exercise book to get to know suddenly, all at once mirror ruins tooth toothpaste to ring usually that isn't it so? (aren't you?) to wish railway station round roll woman, wife married to request no pupil unfortunately unfortunately razor-blade life to live yellow

E n g l ish-S lova k g lossa ry

This glossary is for use with the exercises. about (theme) about (over, through) about (approx.) across address advanced afraid, be

0 + loco po + loco

asi cez + acc. adresa pokrocily baf sa, maf strach agency, travel cestovna kancelaria ages, for ages dlho ah aha all (plural) vsetci, vsetky all (everything) vsetko all (whole) cely cely den all day also tiei, aj although hoci altogether spolu always vidy, vidycky am som, see byf American American. -ka American (adj. ) americky and a angry, be hnevaf sa another (one este, este jeden more) another (other) iny

anything (something) anywhere (somewhere) anywhere, to (somewhere) apple are, you are are, we are are, they are around arrive article at (person's house) at (o'clock) August back (adj. ) bad

bag banana bathroom be be ! beans beautiful bed

nieco, (not) nic niekde, (not) nikde niekam, (not) nikam jablko silste sme su okolo + gen. prisf < prichadzaf clanok u + gen. 0 + loco august zadny zly taska banan kupel'na byf/som, si, je etc. bUd'(te)! fazufka krasny poster

277

spaloa pivo zaeaf < zaelnaf zaCiatoenik, ·Ieka za + ins. behind better lepsI kvalitnejsl better-quality between medzi + ins. vefky big vaesl bigger trochu/trocha bit, a Ciemy black blouse bluzka modrY, belasy blue kniha book bottle D'aska, D'asa boy chlapec bread chlieb raoajky breakfast most bridge aktovka briefcase brother brat hnedy brown budova building bus autobus ale but maslo butter button gombik buy kupif < kupovaf by ins. case uz by now kaviareo cafe call volaf > zavolaf call 'vy' vykaf mod' can (possible) can (know how) vedief car auto koberec carpet carry niesf, nosif hrad, zamok castle bedroom beer begin beginner

=

cat central chair change cheap cheaper cheese chicken child children choose church cinema clean close cloudy coat coffee cold

colleague come come in come in ! concert cook corner (nook) correct couch could couple of cross crown cup cut

maeka stredny stolieka menif > zmenif (sa) lacny lacnejsl syr kurea diefa deti vybraf < vyberaf kostol kino eisty zatvorif < zatvaraf oblaeno, zatiahnuto kabat kava chladno, chladny, studeny kolega, kolegyoa prisf < prichadzaf Isf d'alej pod'(te) d'alej! koncert varif > uvarif roh, kut spravny gaue mohol by zopar, par prejsf < prechadzaf koruna slilka strih

278

Czech day day after tomorrow dear dearer decagram department store dinner (lunch) dinner (supper) dirty disco disturb disturb (bother) do double room drink drink up each other eat egg eight eleven England English (adj. ) English, in Englishman Englishwoman especially Europe even even, not evening exactly excuse me exercise book expensive fairly far father

cesky den pozajtra drahy drahsi deka obchodny dom obed vecera spinavy disko"�ka vyrusovaf obfaiovaf robif > urobif dvojlozkova izba pif > vypif, (noun) pitie vypif sa, sam seba jesf > zjesf, jedavaf vajicko osem jedenasf Anglicko anglicky po anglicky Anglican Anglicanka najmii Eur6pa aj ani nevecer presne prepac(te) zosit drahy dosf d'aleko otec • • •

I

je mi mwo pole film najsf < nachadzaf fine dobre first prvy first, at v prvej chvili fish ryba five piif flat byt fly letief, Iietaf for (purpose) na + acc. for (time ahead) na + acc. for (benefit of) pre + acc. for (payment) za + acc. four styri, styria fourteen stmasf frankfurter parok free vorny freeze mrzDlit' it's freezing mrzne Frenchman/ Francuz, -ka woman French (adj. ) francUzsky friend kamarat, -ka, priater, -ka from (away od + gen. from) from (person) od + gen. from (out of) z, zo + gen. front, in front of pred + ins. garden zahrada German, a Nemec, Nemka German (adj. ) nemecky get dostaf < dostavaf get up vstat' < vstavat' girl dievca give daf < davat' glass pohar, poharik feel, few field film find

feel

279

go go ! go into go round go up to good goodbye group guitar half ham have have ! have got ( have) heller hello help

ist', ehodit' ehod'(te)! vojst' < vehadzat' obist' < obehadzat' podist' k dobrj, dobre do videnia skupina gitara pol sunka mat' daj(te) si! mat'

=

halier dobrj den, ahoj pomoct' < pomahat' her ju, jej her (possessive) jej here tu his jeho home domov doma home, at hot teplo, horueo teply, horuci hot (adj. ) hotel hotel hour hodina dom house how ako? ako sa maSl how are you? mate? how many/much? kofko? hundred st� Hungarian Mad'ar, -ka Hungarian (adj. ) mad'arsky I ja ice cream zmrzlina keby, ak if

if (whether) important in in front of included interest (verb) interest (noun) interested in, be into invite is Italian Italian (adj. ) jam January job j ust key kilogram kitchen know (person) know (fact) leave (go) leave (behind) left (adj. ) left, on the left left, to the left letter library lie down lie like (as) like like - to please listen litre little live (reside)

Ci doleiitj v, vo + loco pred + ins. zahmuty zaujimat' zaujem zaujimat' sa 0 do + gen. pozvat' < pozyvat' je, see byt' Talian, -ka taliansky dZem januar miesto, zamestnanie prave, hned' kfue kilo kuehyna poznat' vediet' odist' < odehadzat' neehat' < neehavat' favy vfavo dofava list kniiniea fahnut' lezat' ako mat' radlrada paeit' sa porovat' (si) liter maly byvat'

280

live (be alive) long (adj. ) long, for a long time look (appearance) look ! lose lot of lovely lunch lunch, have magazine main make man many March material May me me (to/for) me (with) meet meeting midnight milk mist misty modern moment Monday mostly mother much (very much) much (lot of) museum mustard my name

zit' dlhy dlho vyzerat' pozri( te) sa stratit' < straeat' vera krasny, pekny obed obedovat' easopis hlavny robit' > urobit' muz, ehlap vel'a, mnoho maree latka maj ma mi, mne mnou stretnait' sa < stretat' sa sehodzka polnoe mlieko hmla hmlisto modemy ehvil'a pondelok viicsinou matka vel'mi vel'a, mnoho muzeum horCiea moj meno

name, my name's name need nervous never new newspaper next to nice (adj. ) nice, it's night nine no nobody not note down nothing novel now nowhere nowhere, to nuisance, be a number o'clock October often old older omelette on one onto open opposite or orange origin

volam sa meno potrebovat' nervozny nikdy novy noviny vedra + gen. pekny je pekne noe deviit' nie nikto ne-, nie zapisat' < zapisovat' (si) nie roman teraz, uz nikde nikam preklizat' eislo hodina/hodiny/ hodin oktober easto starj starii omeleta na + loco jeden, jedna, jedno na + acc. otvorit' < otvarat' naproti + dat. alebo pomarane povod

281

other ought our out (place) out (motion) out of outside own paper (newspaper) park part past, half past past, quarter past peach people Pepsi cola person piece play, to please please may I have pleased to meet you pocket police police station political politics pork (adj.) pork post office postcard potato (adj. ) potatoes Prague prettiest pretty price

iny mal by OIlS vonku von z, zo + gen. vonku svoj, vlastny noviny park rozisf sa < rozchadzat' sa pol + gen. stvd na + acc. broskyna rudia pepsikola clovek, osoba kus hraf (sa) prosim prosim si tesi ma vrecko policia policajna stanica politicky politika bravcovy bravcove maso posta pohfadnica zemiakovy zemiaky Praha najkrajsi pekny cena

sl'ubif < srubovaf pupil iiak, iiacka put on (clothes) obliect' < obliekaf (si) put on (shoes) obuf < obuvaf (si) put on weight stucniet' Pt quarter stnt' quarter to tristvrte na + acc. quickly rjchlo, rjchle radio radio rain (verb) priaf rain (noun) dud' read, to citaf > precitaf recognise spoznaf < spoznavaf red cerveny refectory menza remember pamataf si + acc. remember pamataf sa na (about) + acc. republic republika restaurant restauracia return (give vratif < nacaf back) return (go back) natit' sa < vracat' sa return ticket spiatocny listok rice ryia richer bohatsi right (adj. ) pravy right, on the vpravo right right, to the doprava right river rieka roll roiok, iemra room izba, miestnost' round okolo + gen. promise

282

round the corner run schnitzel school search seat reservation see 'self (object) 'self' (to/for) sell September seven several she shine shirt short shorter should have shower single room single ticket sister sit sit down situation six sixteen size (number) sleep sleeve Slovak Slovak (adj. ) Slovak, in Slovak (language) Slovakia small

za rohom bezat', behat' rezen skola hfadat' miestenka vidiet' sa si predat' < predavat' september sedem niekofko ona svietit' kosefa kratky kratsi mal sprcha jednolozkova izba jednosmemy listok sestra sediet' sadnut' si situlicia sest' sestnast' C1slo spat' rukav Slovak, Slovenka slovensky po slovensky slovenCina Slovensko maly

smaller smoke snow (noun) snow (verb) so so that some someone someone (obj ect) sometimes somewhere sorry! sorry, be (apology) sorry, be (sorrow) soup speak to square stamp station stop (halt)

stop (cease) strawberry street student study stupid more stupid sugar suitcase sun supper supper, have sweater swim table

mensi fajcit' sneh snezit' tak aby nejaky niekto niekoho niekedy niekde prepac(te) ! prepac(te) futovat' polievka hovorit' s namestie znamka stanica zastavit' < zastavovat' (sa) prestat' < prestavat' jahoda ulica student, -ka ueit' sa, studovat' hlupy hlupejsi cukor kufor slnko vecera vecerat' sveter plavat' stol

283

braf > vziaf, zobraf (si) take off (clothes) vyzliecf < vyzliekaf (si) take off (shoes) zobuf < zobuvaf (si) talk hovorif, rozpravaf tea caj teach ucif teacher ucitef, -ka television televizia ten desaf than ako, nei thank d'akovaf > pod'akovaf thank you d'akujem (vam) thank you very d'akujem pekne much that ten, ta, to theatre divadlo their ich them (object) ich them (to/for) im then (next) potom then (at that vtedy time) these tito, tieto they oni, ony thousand tisic three tri, traja ticket listok tidy up upratovaf time cas time, for a long dlho time to (towards) k, ku + dat. to (person's k, ku + dat. house) to (into) do + gen. to (until) do + gen. to (in order to) aby; or in! take

dnes spolu paradajka zajtra privefmi, pnlis, pritown mesto train vlak translate preloiif < prekladaf travel (verb) cestovaf travel agency cestovna kancelaria trousers nohavice true, it is je pravda twelve dvanasf twenty dvadsaf two dva, dve, dvaja ugly skaredy, osklivy umm ehm uncle stryko, stryc, ujko understand rozumief us nas us (to/for) nam usually zvycajne vegetable (adj. ) zeleninovy vegetable( s) zelenina very vefmi very much vefmi wait cakaf > pockaf want chcief/chcem warm teplo warm (adj. ) teply warmer teplejsi wash umyvaf (si) water voda we my wear (have on) maf wear (habitually) nosif week tyiden weight, put on stucnief Pt today together tomato tomorrow too

284

well well, I'm went what what time is it? when? white who? whom? (object) why will be wind window windy wine winebar with

dobre mam sa dobre (i)siel co kofko je hodin? kedy? biely kto? koho? preco bude vietor okno vetemo vino vinaren s, so + ins. ; ins.

woman word work (verb) work (noun) would would like write year yellow yes yesterday you you (object) you (to/for) young your

zena slovo robif, pracovaf robota, praca by zelaf, priaf, chcel by pisaf > napisaf rok zlty ano, hej vcera ty, vy fa, vas tebe, yam mlady tvoj, vas

Index of la n g ua g e poi nts

References are to lesson numbers. P Grammar summary. able, be 5 about (theme) 5 above 6 accusative case 3, plural 1 0 across 3 adj ectives: table G singular I , 3, 9 plural 1 0, 1 4 soft 1 4 comparison -er/-est 1 4 -ed, -ing 1 6 adverbs 7, 9, 14 advise 1 5 after 5 age 1 1 all 1 6 allow 1 5 along 5 alphabetical order P among 6 animals, in plural 1 0 animals, young of 1 6 arrive/depart 1 3 articles, absence of 1 aspect of verbs 8 be 1 before 6

=

Pronunciation guide. G

behind/beyond 6 below 6 beside/near 5 better/best 14 better/worse 14 between 6 body, parts of 7 by 6 can, be able 5 carry/convey 7, 1 4 case forms, basic 4 close/open 8 clothes 7 colours 9 come/go 4, 8, 1 3 comparison 14 compound verbs 8, 1 3- 1 4 conditional 8, 1 5-1 6 conditions 1 5 consonants P could 8 countries 2 date 15 dative case 4-5, 7, plural 14 day of the week 8 decimals 1 6

=

286

depart/arrive 1 3 diminutives 1 6 diphthongs P directions, compass 1 4 dress 7-8 drink 7 during 3 each other 1 2 eat 7 '-ed' adj ectives 1 6 '-er/-est' 1 4 everyone, everything 1 6 family 3 fear 1 5 feel, I/you feel 6 female nouns in -ka 1 female surnames 3 filler vowels 1 1 fly 1 4 for 3, 5 forbid 1 5 fractions 1 6 frequentatives 1 6 from 4 , 8 furniture 5 future 8, 1 3-14 gender 1 general action, verbs of motion 1 3-14 genitive case 4, 7, plural 1 1 geography, Slovak P give 5 go/come 4, 8, 1 3 g o in/out, up/down 1 3 greetings I , letters 1 6 habitual action, verbs o f motion 1 3-14 have, had I, 6

he/him, I , 1 3 help 5 house and rooms 5 how are you? 1 I/me I , 1 2 if 15 imperative t o imperfective/perfective verbs 8 in/into 4, 5 in front of 6 in order to 1 5 infinitives 1-2, 4-5, 1 5 '-ing' nouns, adjectives 1 6 instructions t o instrumental case 4, 6, 9, plural 1 4 into, t o 4 it 1 . 1 3 know 2-3, 5 languages 2 lead 7, 1 4 less/more 1 4 let's t o letter-writing 16 liellie down t o like, would like 2, 6, 8 liking betterlbest 1 4 locative case 4-5, plural 1 4 me/I I , 1 2 meals 7 meet/part 1 3 money 1 1 , 1 6 months 1 5 morelless 1 4 more/most 1 4 motion towards 7 naming 1 nationalities 2

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near/beside 5 necessity 2, 1 6 negatives 1 never 9 nobody, nothing, no- 9 nouns: tables G accusative 3, plural 1 0 genitive 4, 7, plural 1 1 dative 4-5, 7, plural 1 4 instrumental 4, 6, 9 , plural 1 4 locative 4-5, plural 14 plural cases 1 0-1 1 , 1 4 diminutives 1 6 nouns from verbs 1 6 type dievca 1 6 , G neuter in -eum, -io 5 vocative 1 6

please 1 , 4 pleasing 6 plural forms 2, 1 0-1 1 , 1 4 points o f t h e compass 1 4 possessives 2, 1 5 possessive 'own' 1 5 possessives from nouns/names 1 5 possibility, b e able/can 5 prefer 1 4 prefixes 8, 1 3 prepositions, see cases prepositions, summary table G pronouns: personal I , 1 2- 1 3 somebody, something 3, 9 nobody, nothing 9 everyone, everything 1 6 purpose 1 5

numbered objects 1 6 numbers P, 2 , 1 0-1 1 , 1 6 numbers, ordinal 1 2, 1 5

quantities 1 1 , 1 6 questions 1

objects of verbs 3 , see accusative of 4, plural nouns 1 1 on/onto 3, 5, 8 open/close 8 orders 1 0 ordinal numbers 1 2 , 1 5 out o f 4 own (my own etc.) 1 5 pairs of verbs 8 part/meet 1 3 parts o f the body 7 passives 1 6 past conditional 1 6 past 6 , perfective past 8 percentages 1 6 perfective/imperfective verbs 8 personal names, possessives 1 5 place, with cases 4 place and motion 7

reflexive sa, si 1 . 4 repeated action, verbs of motion 1 3-14 frequentatives 16 requests, I, 4, 8, 15 rhythmic law 1-5, 9-1 0, 14, 16, G rooms 5 run 1 4 same 1 6 say/tell 8 seasons 6 self I , 4, 1 2 sets o f things 1 6 shopping 1 1 sit/sit down 1 0 soft consonants P soft adjectives 1 4 soft nouns 5, 7, plural 1 0-1 1 . 1 4 somebody, something, some- 3, 9 suffixes, verbs 8

287

288

sums 1 6 superlatives 14 surnames 1 , 3 take 7, 1 4 telephone 8 tell/say 8 tell to do 1 0, 1 5 that 9 , 1 0, 1 4 there isn't 1 6 they/them I , 1 3 this 9 , 1 0, 1 4 through 3 tickets 6 time, from/ti1I 8 time, telling 12 to/for, with dative 5 to, in instructions 1 5 to, into 4 to, towards 5 travel and transport 6 understand 2 us/we I , 12 used to 16 verb pairs, verb families 8 verbal adjectives 1 6 verbal nouns 1 6 verbs: tables G present types 1 -2, 4, 7 in -oUf 1 0 future 8, 1 3-1 4 past 6--8 , 1 0 conditional 8, 1 5-1 6 compound 8, 1 3 frequentatives 1 6 passive 1 6

vocative 1 6 voiced/voiceless consonants P vowel lengthening (zero ending) 1 1 vowel shortening: see rhythmic law vowels P vowels, 'filler' 1 1 want/wish 4-5, 1 5 was 6 wash 7 we/us I , 1 2 wear 1 4 weather 6 week, days of 8 went 6 what kind of? 3 what? 9 whether/if 1 5 which 3 who? 3, 9 whose? 1 4 will b e 8 will/would 1 5 wish, want 4-5, 1 5 with 6 without 6 word order I , 3, 6 worse/better 1 4 would 8, 15, would have 1 6 write 4 writing letters 1 6 year 1 5 you 1 . 1 2 young o f animals 1 6 zero ending 1 1