Coal Information 2008

COAL INFORMATION Coal Information provides a comprehensive review of historical and current market trends in the world...

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COAL

INFORMATION Coal Information provides a comprehensive review of historical and current market trends in the world coal sector. This reference document brings together essential statistics on coal. It therefore provides a strong foundation for policy and market analysis, which in turn can better inform the policy decision process toward selecting policy instruments best suited to meet domestic and international objectives.

2008

Part I of the publication provides a review of the world coal market in 2007, while Part II provides a statistical overview of developments, which covers world coal production and coal reserves, coal demand by type (hard, steam, coking), hard coal trade and hard coal prices. Part III provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of historical and current coal developments in the 30 OECD member countries, by region and individually. Part IV provides for selected non-OECD countries summary statistics on hard coal supply and end-use statistics for about 40 countries and regions worldwide. Complete coal balances and coal trade data for selected years are presented on 16 major non-OECD coal producing and consuming countries. Coal Information is one of a series of annual IEA statistical publications on major energy sources; other reports are Electricity Information, Natural Gas Information, Oil Information and Renewables Information.

-:HSTCQE=UYWYVY: (61 2008 13 1 P1) e150 ISBN 978-92-64-04241-4

COAL

INFORMATION

2008 with 2007 data

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an autonomous body which was established in November 1974 within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to implement an international energy programme. It carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among twenty-seven of the OECD thirty member countries. The basic aims of the IEA are: n To maintain and improve systems for coping with oil supply disruptions. n To promote rational energy policies in a global context through co-operative relations with non-member countries, industry and international organisations. n To operate a permanent information system on the international oil market. n To improve the world’s energy supply and demand structure by developing alternative energy sources and increasing the efﬁciency of energy use. n To promote international collaboration on energy technology. n To assist in the integration of environmental and energy policies. The IEA member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. Poland is expected to become a member in 2008. The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA.

ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of thirty democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD.

© OECD/IEA, 2008 International Energy Agency (IEA), Head of Communication and Information Ofﬁce, 9 rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................vii PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

General Notes ...................................................................................................................................................... xi Sources...............................................................................................................................................................xiii Units and Conversions........................................................................................................................................ xv Notes on Energy Sources and Flows ................................................................................................................xvii Price Data .......................................................................................................................................................... xxi Quarterly Energy Statistics ..............................................................................................................................xxiii Geographical Coverage .................................................................................................................................... xxv Country Notes.................................................................................................................................................xxvii Conversion Factors and Calorific Values ......................................................................................................xxxiii

PART I: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

WORLD COAL MARKET REVIEW

Overview.............................................................................................................................................................I.3 Production...........................................................................................................................................................I.5 Consumption.....................................................................................................................................................I.11 Trade.................................................................................................................................................................I.17 Prices ................................................................................................................................................................I.23 CO2 Emissions (2005) ......................................................................................................................................I.29 CO2 Capture and Storage – International Progress and Future Prospects ........................................................I.31

PART II:

WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

1. Production Table 1.1: Table 1.2: Table 1.3: Table 1.4: Table 1.5:

World Hard Coal Production ........................................................................................................... II.5 World Coking Coal Production ........................................................................................................ II.7 World Steam Coal Production.......................................................................................................... II.8 World Brown Coal Production ....................................................................................................... II.10 OECD Production of Coke Oven Coke.......................................................................................... II.11

2. Consumption Table 2.1: Table 2.2: Table 2.3: Table 2.4: Table 2.5:

World Hard Coal Consumption...................................................................................................... II.15 World Coking Coal Consumption .................................................................................................. II.18 World Steam Coal Consumption .................................................................................................... II.20 World Brown Coal Consumption ................................................................................................... II.23 OECD Consumption of Coke Oven Coke...................................................................................... II.25

3. Trade Table 3.1: Table 3.2: Table 3.3: Table 3.4:

World and Seaborne Coal Trade .................................................................................................... II.29 World Total Hard Coal Trade......................................................................................................... II.29 World Steam Coal Trade ................................................................................................................ II.30 World Coking Coal Trade .............................................................................................................. II.30

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

iv - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

Table 3.5: Table 3.6: Table 3.7: Table 3.8: Table 3.9: Table 3.10: Table 3.11: Table 3.12: Table 3.13: Table 3.14: Table 3.15: Table 3.16: Table 3.17: Table 3.18: Table 3.19: Table 3.20: Table 3.21: Table 3.22:

World Hard Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates .......................................................................... II.31 World Brown Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ....................................................................... II.31 World Hard Coal Imports - Selected Countries.............................................................................. II.32 World Brown Coal Imports - Selected Countries........................................................................... II.32 World Coking Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ...................................................................... II.33 World Steam Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates ........................................................................ II.33 World Coking Coal Imports - Selected Countries .......................................................................... II.34 World Steam Coal Imports - Selected Countries............................................................................ II.34 OECD Coke Oven Coke Imports .................................................................................................. II.35 World Hard Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ......................................................................... II.36 World Brown Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ....................................................................... II.36 World Hard Coal Exports - Selected Countries.............................................................................. II.37 World Brown Coal Exports - Selected Countries........................................................................... II.37 World Coking Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ...................................................................... II.38 World Steam Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates ........................................................................ II.38 World Coking Coal Exports - Selected Countries.......................................................................... II.39 World Steam Coal Exports - Selected Countries............................................................................ II.39 OECD Coke Oven Coke Exports .................................................................................................. II.40

4. Prices Table 4.1: Table 4.2: Table 4.3: Table 4.4: Table 4.5: Table 4.6: Table 4.7: Table 4.8: Table 4.9:

Japan Coking Coal Import Costs .................................................................................................... II.43 EU Coking Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries ................................................................ II.43 Japan Steam Coal Import Costs ..................................................................................................... II.44 EU Steam Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries .................................................................. II.44 Steam Coal Export Costs................................................................................................................ II.45 Coking Coal Export Costs .............................................................................................................. II.45 Coking Coal Prices for Industry ..................................................................................................... II.46 Steam Coal Prices for Industry ....................................................................................................... II.47 Steam Coal Prices for Electricity Generation ................................................................................. II.48

5. Coal for Other Uses Table 5.1: Table 5.2: Table 5.3: Table 5.4:

OECD Coal-Fired and Total Electricity Generating Capacity........................................................ II.51 OECD Coal Use for Electricity Production and Heat Sold ............................................................ II.52 OECD Coal Use in Coke Ovens..................................................................................................... II.53 World Consumption of Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) Coals...................................................... II.53

6. Charts Chart 1: Chart 2: Chart 3: Chart 4: Chart 5: Chart 6: Chart 7: Chart 8: Chart 9: Chart 10: Chart 11: Chart 12: Chart 13: Chart 14:

World Steam and Coking Coal Production .................................................................................... II.57 World Steam and Coking Coal Trade............................................................................................. II.57 Coking Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t) ............................................... II.58 Steam Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t) ................................................. II.58 Steam Coal Price US FOB vs. US Domestic (US$/t)..................................................................... II.59 Steam Coal Price CIF EU Member States (US$/t) and US Exports (mt)....................................... II.59 OECD Total Primary Energy Supply ............................................................................................. II.60 OECD Coal Consumption and Indicators ...................................................................................... II.60 Japan Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates ................................................... II.61 EU Member States Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates.............................. II.61 Hard Coal Production by Region.................................................................................................... II.62 Hard Coal Consumption by Region................................................................................................ II.62 Hard Coal Imports by Region......................................................................................................... II.63 Hard Coal Exports by Region......................................................................................................... II.63


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PART III: DETAILED OECD COAL DATA Directory of Part III Charts and Tables ...........III.3 Special Notes for Charts and Tables ................III.5 OECD Total ...........................................................III.7 OECD North America..........................................III.17 OECD/IEA Pacific...............................................III.26 OECD Europe ......................................................III.35 IEA Total..............................................................III.45 IEA North America ..............................................III.54 IEA Europe ..........................................................III.63 Australia ...............................................................III.72 Austria..................................................................III.81 Belgium................................................................III.89 Canada..................................................................III.98 Czech Republic ..................................................III.107 Denmark.............................................................III.116 Finland ...............................................................III.125 France.................................................................III.133 Germany.............................................................III.142 Greece ................................................................III.152 Hungary..............................................................III.160 Iceland................................................................III.167 Ireland ................................................................III.174 Italy ....................................................................III.182 Japan ..................................................................III.190 Korea..................................................................III.198 Luxembourg .......................................................III.206 Mexico ...............................................................III.213 Netherlands ........................................................III.220 New Zealand ......................................................III.230 Norway...............................................................III.237

Poland................................................................ III.245 Portugal ............................................................. III.254 Slovak Republic................................................. III.262 Spain.................................................................. III.269 Sweden .............................................................. III.277 Switzerland ........................................................ III.285 Turkey................................................................ III.292 United Kingdom ................................................ III.299 United States...................................................... III.308

PART IV:

NON-OECD COAL DATA

General Notes.......................................................IV.3 World Coal Supply and End-Use Statistics 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2004 to 2006........IV.5 National Coal Balances and Trade Statistics: Brazil ...................................................................IV.13 Bulgaria ...............................................................IV.15 People’s Republic of China .................................IV.17 Chinese Taipei.....................................................IV.21 Colombia .............................................................IV.23 Hong Kong, China...............................................IV.26 India.....................................................................IV.28 Indonesia..............................................................IV.30 Israel ....................................................................IV.33 Kazakhstan ..........................................................IV.35 Romania...............................................................IV.39 Russia ..................................................................IV.41 South Africa ........................................................IV.44 Ukraine ................................................................IV.47 Venezuela ............................................................IV.51 Vietnam ...............................................................IV.53


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Units and Technical Abbreviations t kt Mt toe Mtoe tce Mtce kcal MBtu $

: : : : : : : : : :

metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg thousand tonnes million tonnes tonne of oil equivalent million tonnes of oil equivalent tonne of coal equivalent (= 0.7 toe) million tonnes of coal equivalent kilocalories (103 calories) million British thermal units US dollars (unless otherwise specified)

CIF FAS FOB GDP GCV PCI TPES

: : : : : : :

cost, insurance and freight free alongside ship free on board Gross Domestic Product gross calorific value coals for pulverised injection Total Primary Energy Supply

EU FSU UN

: European Union : Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Soviet Union : United Nations

0 or 0.0 : negligible c e .. x

: : : : :

confidential estimated not available nil not applicable


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - vii

INTRODUCTION IEA Coal Information 2008 is the latest edition of an annual publication intended to provide sound market information on coal to policy and market analysts, and those employed in all sectors of the coal industry. This monitoring and reporting of historical trends and current energy market situation provides a strong foundation for policy and market analysis, to better inform the policy decision process toward selecting policy instruments that are best suited to meet domestic and/or international objectives. IEA Coal Information 2008 brings together in one volume the basic statistics compiled by the IEA on coal supply, consumption, trade and prices. It also includes information on coal by-products. The chapter Principles and Definitions provides important documentation that will assist the reader in correctly using the data in this publication, and to understand the details of statistical methodology and collection practices related to the coal data. This information is structured as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

General Notes Sources Units and Conversions Notes on Energy Sources and Flows Price Data Quarterly Energy Statistics Geographical Coverage Country Notes Conversion Factors and Calorific Values

Part I of the publication provides a review of world coal market developments in 2007. It covers world coal production and coal reserves, coal consumption by type (hard, steam, coking), hard coal trade and hard coal prices.

This edition of the Coal Information will also acquaint the reader with an industry perspective on the potential of carbon capture and storage. Part II provides the reference tables to Part I review on coal production, consumption, trade and prices. Part III provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of coal developments in the 30 OECD Member countries, by region and individually. In addition, calorific values used for preparing national energy balances, and exchange rates used for the reporting of prices in US dollars are presented. Part IV provides for selected non-OECD countries summary statistics on hard coal supply and end-use statistics for about 40 countries and regions worldwide. Complete coal balances and coal trade data for selected years are presented on sixteen major nonOECD coal producing and consuming countries. OECD data are taken from IEA/OECD databases of Energy Statistics that are based on annual and quarterly submissions from OECD Member countries to the Secretariat. The Energy Statistics Division of the IEA Secretariat works closely with national administration to secure consistency in time series and with IEA product definitions and reporting conventions. This effort is supplemented by surveys of energy industry publications, national statistics reports and other material. The finalized data provide the basis for IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. The non-OECD data are based upon information collected by the IEA Secretariat, official national submissions to the United Nations in Geneva and New York, national energy publications. The resulting synthesis is published in Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries. Users


viii - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

of this publication are directed to the Methodology Section of those publications for more detail on individual non-Member countries covered in the publication.

Mr. Alexander Antonyuk contributed to Part I, Part II and Part IV. Mr. Michel Francoeur had overall responsibility for this publication.

Price data in Part I, II and III are derived from the quarterly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Readers should consult this IEA/OECD publication for detailed information on methodology, data coverage and data sources.

Also in the IEA Secretariat, thanks are due to the non-OECD Member countries section headed by Ms. Roberta Quadrelli, and to the OECD Balances section headed by Ms. Karen Tréanton.

All of Part III tables and selected tables from Part II and IV are available on CD-ROM. Information on ordering CD-ROM and other energy statistics publications is available at the end of this book, and on the IEA website at http://www.iea.org. In addition, a data service is available on the internet, which provides unlimited access through an annual subscription as well as the possibility to obtain data on a payper-view basis. Details are available at http://data.iea.org. Further information on reporting methodologies is also available on the IEA Web site. Annual energy data are collected by the Energy Statistics Division (ESD) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by Mr. Jean-Yves Garnier. OECD coal statistics in ESD were the responsibility of Mr. Paul Tepes.


The Secretariat would also like to thank the Coal Industry Advisory Board for their featured article in Part I. Editorial and secretarial support from Ms. Sharon Burghgraeve is also gratefully acknowledged. Enquiries, comments and suggestions are welcome and should be addressed to: Michel Francoeur or Paul Tepes Energy Statistics Division, International Energy Agency 9, rue de la Fédération 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France Telephone: (33) (1) 40 57 66 31 or 40 57 65 41 Telefax: (33) (1) 40 57 66 49 E-mail: [email protected]

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - ix

PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xi

1. GENERAL NOTES Energy data for OECD countries in IEA Secretariat databases begin in 1960 with the following exceptions for coal: for Hungary data begin in 1965, and for the Czech Republic, Korea, Mexico and the Slovak Republic data are available from 1971. Prior to 1970, German statistics refer to the former Federal Republic of Germany. Data from 1970 include the new federal states of Germany. The fuels listed as Solar, Wind, Tide include Wave and Ocean, unless otherwise noted.

Qualifiers Data marked as ‘e’ are the estimates of the IEA secretariat. Data point marked as ‘c’ means that data are confidential due to country specific regulations. Data point marked as ‘..’ mean that data are not available (either not collected or not submitted by national government). Data point marked as ‘x’ means that this data point is not applicable, there is no meaningful explanation of a value there (for example we can not

show unit price if there was no trade or if the consumption in the country is forbidden).

Revisions to Blast Furnace Coke and PCI Data Data on coke used and pulverised coal injected in the blast furnace (PCI) are harmonized for all OECD countries in order to ensure that steam and coking coal consumption data are consistently presented and that comparisons between countries for consumption are meaningful. The main effect of these revisions has been to revise the reported consumption of coal in the iron and steel industry. It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal trade and consumption, PCI is not separately specified; rather it is included with steam coal for all countries (except Japan). This classification is based on the fact that most PCI coal is of a steam coal quality and not coking coal quality. For Japan, PCI consumption is reported in this book as a coking coal in order to be consistent with the Japanese practice of including imports of PCI coal with coking coal.


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xiii

2. SOURCES Historical Data (1960-2006) The annual historical in Part III of this report are taken from the IEA/OECD databases of energy statistics which are based on annual submissions from all OECD Member countries.

i) IEA/OECD Coal Statistics This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers all primary solid fuels, derived fuels and related manufactured gases. It contains detailed supply/ demand balances for each fuel, as well as information on coal trade by origin and destination. The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Coal Information.

ii) IEA/OECD Electricity Statistics This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers generating capacity and electricity production from main activity producers (formerly known as public) and autoproducers plants. It includes information on electricity production by fuel type and supply/demand balances for electricity and for heat sold to third parties from different types of power and heat plants. The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Electricity Information.

iii) IEA/OECD Oil and Gas Statistics This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks and natural gas, as well as derived petroleum products. It includes detailed supply/demand balances, trade by origin and destination and stock levels and changes.

The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Oil Information and Natural Gas Information.

iv) IEA/OECD Renewables Statistics This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers hydro, solid biomass, geothermal, renewable municipal waste, wind, gas from biomass, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, tide/wave/ocean, nonrenewable municipal waste and industrial waste. It includes detailed supply/demand balances. The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Renewables Information.

v) IEA/OECD Energy Statistics This annual database integrates data from the four IEA/OECD statistical database systems listed above to provide a summary of energy supply and demand for each OECD country. It includes detailed statistics on production, trade and consumption for each source of energy, expressed in original units (e.g. metric tons, TJ, GWh). The main data from this data system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Detailed country notes referring to historical data can be found in this publication.

vi) IEA/OECD Energy Balances Overall energy balances are constructed annually for all OECD countries from the basic energy statistics described above. The overall energy balance data are expressed in a common energy unit of tons of oil equivalent (toe) and presented in a standard matrix format. The balances are published annually in the IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition in which detailed country notes referring to historical data can be found.


xiv - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

vii) IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes The statistics are discussed separately below. The prices and taxes are published quarterly in IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.

viii) Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries The annual historical data for non-OECD countries presented in Part IV of this report are taken from IEA/OECD databases of energy statistics of nonOECD countries. These databases are compiled from data submitted annually to the IEA Secretariat in questionnaires from non-OECD Member countries of the UN ECE, from data provided by other international organisations (UN in New York, OLADE in Quito, APEC in Tokyo and FAO in Rome), from direct communications with national administrations, industry contacts and from published sources.


The main data from this data system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Balances of NonOECD Countries. Detailed country notes referring to historical data can be found in these publications.

Preliminary 2007 Data - 2007e Data reported for the year 2007 in this publication are preliminary and presented as 2007e. Final 2007 data on Solid Fuels and Manufactured gases will be submitted by OECD Member countries to the Secretariat in Annual Questionnaires in late 2008. As a result, final data for 2007 and preliminary 2008 data will be published in the 2009 edition of Coal Information in July 2009. Selected coal data for 2007 for some non-OECD countries have been estimated by the Secretariat.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xv

3. UNITS AND CONVERSIONS Conversion (to toe) All units in this publication are metric units. Most IEA/OECD publications showing inter-fuel relations and projections present such information in a common energy unit, the ton of oil equivalent (toe). A ton of oil equivalent is defined as 107 kcal (41.868 GJ), a convenient measure because it is approximately the net heat content of one ton of average crude oil. This unit is used by the IEA/OECD in its energy balances. Note also that totals may not be the sum of their components due to independent rounding. The change from using the original unit to tonnes of oil equivalent implies choosing coefficients of equivalence between different forms and sources of energy. This problem can be approached in many different ways. For example one could adopt a single equivalence for each major primary energy source in all countries, e.g. 29 307 kJ/kg (7 000 kcal/kg) for hard coal, 41 868 kJ/kg (10 000 kcal/kg) for oil, etc. The main objection to this method is that it results in distortions since there is a wide spread in calorific values between types of coal and individual coal products, and between calorific values of these fuels in different countries. The Secretariat has therefore adopted specific calorific factors supplied by the national administrations for the main categories of each quality of coal and for each flow or use (i.e. production, imports, exports, electricity generation, coke ovens, blast furnaces and industry). The set of particular national calorific values that allow for the conversion of energy sources from original (physical) units to megajoules are presented in the tables on page xxxv.

The balances are expressed in terms of "net" calorific value. The difference between the "net" and the "gross" calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of vaporisation of the water produced during combustion of the fuel. For coal and oil, net calorific value is usually around 5 per cent less than gross, for most forms of natural and manufactured gas the difference is 9-10 per cent, while for electricity there is no difference as the concept has no meaning in this case. The use of net calorific value is consistent with the practice of the Statistical Offices of the European Communities and the United Nations. In this report some data are reported in terms of tonnes of coal equivalent (tce) because this unit is more widely used in the international coal industry. A tonne of coal equivalent is defined as 7 million kilocalories. The relation between tonne of oil equivalent (toe) and tonne of coal equivalent (tce) is therefore: 1 tce = 0.7 toe Note that billion refers to thousand million (109). Also, in many cases totals shown in the tables may not be the sum of their components due to independent rounding.

Factors Related to Specific Fuels Gas In the IEA/OECD publication Energy Statistics of OECD Countries all data on gases are expressed in terajoules, on the basis of their gross calorific value. 1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.


xvi - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

To calculate the net heat content of a gas from its gross heat content, multiply the gross heat content by the appropriate following factor:

Petroleum Products

Natural gas Gas works gas Coke oven gas Blast furnace gas Oxygen steel furnace gas

Refinery Gas Ethane LPG Naphtha Aviation Gasoline Motor Gasoline Jet Fuel Other Kerosene Gas/Diesel Oil Residual Fuel Oil Petroleum Coke Other Products

0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0

Electricity Figures for electricity production, trade, and final consumption are calculated using the energy content of the electricity, i.e. at a rate of 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. Hydro-electricity production (excluding pumped storage) and electricity produced by other non-thermal means (wind, tide, photovoltaic, etc.), are accounted for similarly using 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. However, the primary energy equivalent of nuclear electricity is calculated from the gross generation by assuming a 33% efficiency, i.e. 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.33) Mtoe. In the case of electricity produced from geothermal heat the primary equivalent is calculated assuming an efficiency of 10%, so 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.1) Mtoe, unless the actual value is known.

Crude Oil A single net calorific value is used by the IEA for each Member Country; these values are shown in the tables in the IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances of OECD Countries. These are average conversion factors, with the same factor used to convert production, imports, and exports as well as all consumption.


The following net calorific values are used for all countries and all years (toe per tonne). 1.150 1.180 1.130 1.075 1.070 1.070 1.065 1.045 1.035 0.960 0.740 0.960

Coal Separate net calorific values for coal production, imports, exports, inputs to power plants, coal used in coke ovens, coal used in blast furnaces, coal used in industry and coal other uses are submitted annually by national Administrations to the Secretariat. Conversion factors for average net calorific value for each OECD member country for 2006 are shown in the table on page xxxv.

Other Fuels The net heat content of other fuels, expressed in terajoules, is also supplied to the Secretariat by Administrations. The Secretariat receives information on volumes and other characteristics only for certain aggregates of these fuels. 1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.

Heat Information on heat is supplied to the Secretariat in terajoules.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xvii

4. NOTES ON ENERGY SOURCES AND FLOWS Coal Coal is a family name for a variety of solid organic fuels and refers to a whole range of combustible sedimentary rock materials spanning a continuous quality scale. For convenience, this continuous series is often divided into four categories: • • • •

Anthracite Bituminous Coal Sub-bituminous Coal Lignite/Brown Coal

Classification of different types of coal into practical categories for use at an international level is difficult for two reasons: Divisions between coal categories vary between classification systems, both national and international, based on calorific value, volatile matter content, fixed carbon content, caking and coking properties, or some combination of two or more of these criteria. Although the relative value of the coals within a particular category depends on the degree of dilution by moisture and ash and contamination by sulphur, chlorine, phosphorous and certain trace elements, these factors do not affect the divisions between categories. Coal quality can vary and it is not always possible to ensure that available descriptive and analytical information is truly representative of the body of coal to which it refers. The International Coal Classification of the Economic Commission for Europe (UN/ECE) recognises two broad categories of coal: i) hard coal - Coal of gross calorific value greater than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) on an ash-free but moist basis and with a mean random reflectance of vitrinite of at least 0.6.

ii) brown coal - Non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) containing more than 31 per cent volatile matter on a dry mineral matter free basis. The IEA has adopted this definition of Hard Coal and Brown Coal in this book and in other publications for presenting statistics relating to coal production, trade and consumption. It should be stressed that this classification system is based on the inherent qualities of the coal in question and not on the final use of the coal. In this way the classification system attempts to be objective and simple to apply. Furthermore, in order to improve the information base for coal market analysis and projections, these two categories of coal have been further sub-divided in IEA/OECD Coal Statistics from 1978 as follows:

Hard Coal Hard coal is calculated as the sum of Coking coal and Steam coal. Coking coal: defined as hard coal with a quality that allows the production of coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Steam coal: defined as all other hard coal not classified as coking coal. Also included are recovered slurries, middlings and other low-grade coal products not further classified by type. Coal of this quality is also commonly known as thermal coal. Note that for the countries listed below, steam coal also includes sub-bituminous coal - Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Mexico, Portugal and the United States. Except for these 11 countries, steam coal for all other countries in the world is equivalent to the sum of anthracite and other bituminous coal.


xviii - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

Brown Coal/Lignite Brown coal is calculated as the sum of sub-bituminous coal and lignite. Sub-bituminous coal: defined as non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value between 4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t) and 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t). Lignite: defined as non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t). Note that for 11 countries (listed above), subbituminous coal is included in steam coal and not brown coal. Primary coal used in pulverised (or granular) coal injection in blast furnaces is commonly abbreviated to PCI (or GCI) coal. (In this book PCI should be read to include GCI). The IEA does not have a separate category for PCI as the term defines a particular end-use for coal. In IEA statistics, PCI is included in steam coal (except for Japan where it is included with coking coal). Data presented in this book may be different from that presented in the national publications of countries because countries may have adopted a different coal classification and reporting system that better suits their particular national needs. As far as possible national coal statistics reported by the IEA in this book and in other publications have been adjusted to be consistent with the IEA definitions noted above. In cases where data presented in Mtoe or Mtce in this book and sourced to OECD/IEA Energy Balances, the term “Coal” includes all primary coal types (including hard coal and brown coal), peat and coal products (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and oxygen steel furnace gas). Peat is defined as a combustible soft, porous or compressed fossil sedimentary deposit of plant origin with high water content (up to 90 per cent in the raw state), easily cut, of light to dark brown colour.

Coal Products Derived solid fuels are products resulting from the transformation or manufacturing of hard coal, brown coal or other primary solid fuels, sometimes with the addition of other materials.


Patent Fuel Patent fuel is a composition fuel manufactured from coal fines by shaping with the addition of a binding agent such as pitch.

Coke Oven Coke Coke oven coke is the solid product obtained from carbonisation of coal, principally coking coal, at high temperature. Semi-coke, the solid product obtained from the carbonisation of coal at low temperature is also included along with coke and semi-coke made from lignite.

Gas Coke A by-product of hard coal used for production of town gas in gas works. Gas Coke is used for heating purposes.

Coal Tar Coal tar is the liquid by-product of the destructive distillation of bituminous coal to make coke in the coke oven process. Coal tar can also be the result of low-temperature carbonisation of brown coal. Coal tar can be further distilled into different organic products (e.g. benzene, toluene, naphthalene), which normally would be reported as a feedstock to the petrochemical industry.

Brown Coal Briquettes (BKB) BKB are composition fuels manufactured from brown coal. The brown coal is crushed, dried and moulded under high pressure into an even shaped briquette without the addition of binders. Peat briquettes, dried brown coke, fines and dust and brown coal breeze are also included.

Coke Oven Gas Coke oven gas is obtained as a by-product of solid fuel carbonisation and gasification operations carried out by coke producers and iron and steel plants not connected with gas works and municipal gas plants.

Blast Furnace Gas Blast furnace gas is obtained as a by-product in operating blast furnaces; recovered on leaving the furnace and used partly within the plant and partly in other steel industry processes or used in power stations equipped to burn it.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xix

Oxygen Steel Furnace Gas

Gas

This gas is obtained as a by-product of the production of steel in an oxygen furnace; it is recovered on leaving the furnace. The gas is also known as converter gas, LD gas or BOS gas.

Includes natural gas (excluding natural gas liquids) and gas works gas (town gas).

Other Fuels Combustible Renewable and Wastes This category includes all primary combustible fuels other than coal, peat, oil, natural gas and secondary products derived from them. Products may be solid, liquid or gas and cover biomass and materials of animal origin (not necessarily in solid form). In IEA/OECD publications, this category is divided into four parts: • Solid Biomass and Animal Products • Gases and Liquids derived from Biomass • Municipal Waste • Industrial Waste Particular fuels include wood, wood-waste, straw, “black liquor” (a residual from the paper industry), domestic, industrial and municipal waste, landfill gas and sludge gas. Also included are alcohol’s and esters produced from biomass.

Oil Includes crude oil, refinery feedstocks, natural gas liquids, additives, hydrocarbons not of crude oil origin and all petroleum products: LPG, refinery gas, ethane, aviation gasoline, motor gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, gas/diesel oil, residual fuel oil, naphtha, white spirit, lubricants, bitumen, paraffin waxes, petroleum coke and other petroleum products.

Nuclear, Hydro, Geothermal and Solar (includes Wind, Tide, Wave and Ocean unless listed separately). Nuclear includes primary heat equivalent of the electricity produced by a nuclear power plant with an average thermal efficiency of 33%. Hydro includes the energy content of the electricity produced in hydropower plants. Hydro output excludes output from pumped storage plants. Geothermal and solar (including wind, tide, wave and ocean) includes indigenous production of geothermal, solar, wind, tide and wave energy and the use of these energy forms for electricity generation. Unless the actual efficiency of the geothermal process is known, the quantity of geothermal energy entering electricity production at geothermal plants is assuming an average thermal efficiency of 10%. For solar, wind, tide and wave electrical energy, the quantities entering electricity generation are equal to the electrical energy generated.

Heat and Electricity Data collection has been expanded to obtain more disaggregated data on inputs and outputs of ‘combined heat and power’ and on ‘district heating’. Data on heat became available in different years for different countries and thus aggregated country data should be used with caution. Total electricity production includes production from both main activity producers (formerly known as public) and autoproducers. Generally, the split of total electricity production between main activity producers and autoproducers is available only after 1973. However, for the United States no data are available for autoproducers prior to 1989. For Australia, Japan and New Zealand electricity data refer to fiscal years.


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxi

5. PRICE DATA Energy prices are published quarterly in the IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. IEA data on coal prices are managed in two sub-systems: They vary not only in content but also with respect to the data collection methods. • Import and export unit values • End-user prices

Import and Export Unit Values Import and export unit values are calculated quarterly (March, June, September and December) from national customs statistics import and export volumes and values. The basic data are collected from monthly national trade sources (Japan, United States, Australia and Canada) or provided monthly to the IEA by the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat). Values recorded at the import stage are the sum of cost, insurance and freight (CIF) but exclude import duties. Values recorded at the export stage (FOB), exclude seaborne or international transport, but include inland transport costs of the exporting country. As far as possible the concept of ‘general imports and exports’ is used. This includes coal imports for reexport with or without processing but excludes transit trade. The definitions of coal categories and the volume and value units used in each of the above source systems vary considerably. A certain amount of regrouping and unit conversions is necessary once the basic data are compiled.

The rules for regrouping coal categories are consistent with the definitions used in the annual IEA/OECD Coal Statistics. Prices are compiled for steam coal and for coking coal. Definitions and the correspondence to national and European classifications are discussed in detail in the quarterly IEA publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Comments in Energy Prices and Taxes on certain data items as well as general background information are developed systematically. Data comments relate mainly to calorific values of specific coal trade flows, and to national coal definitions. Background information covers duties and trade regulations.

End-User Prices End-user prices are collected quarterly from national administrations and other relevant bodies and supplemented with data extracted from national publications. Although a standard approach to reporting the data has been developed, differences in definitions between countries are explained in the notes published in Energy Prices and Taxes. The standard approach to reporting end-use prices can be summarised as follows: • include transport costs to the consumer; • show prices actually paid, i.e. net of rebates; • include taxes which have to be paid by the consumer as part of the transaction and which are not refundable. This excludes value added tax paid in many European countries by industry (including electric power stations) for all goods and services (including energy). In these cases value added tax


xxii - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

is refunded to the customer, usually in the form of a tax credit. Therefore it is not shown as part of prices. A standard coal quality for international comparisons of end-use prices is not possible given the wide variety of coal qualities in domestic and international coal trade. As a result, only average prices covering different qualities are collected, along with the calorific value of these average qualities. If average prices are not available, prices of a selected coal may be chosen. Accordingly, international comparisons of coal enduse prices may be misleading. Detailed notes concerning these price series are published in Energy Prices and Taxes. Also please refer to Energy Prices and Taxes for detailed description of price mechanism in each country and country specific notes.


Derived Price Data The information collected on prices is converted by the IEA Secretariat into a variety of secondary data in order to facilitate its analysis. Inter-fuel price comparisons for one country are usually made on the basis of prices per heat unit such as a tonne of coal equivalent. (In the end-user price tables, the conversion factor used for converting gross calories to net calories for natural gas is 0.9). Inter-country price comparisons are made on the basis of a standard currency unit, e.g., US dollars. Prices for regional totals are calculated as weighted average of available price data in the region and therefore prices shown should be considered only indicative.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxiii

6. QUARTERLY ENERGY STATISTICS Readers who are interested in very recent data should consult the OECD/IEA publication Oil, Gas Coal and Electricity Quarterly Statistics which is published in January, March, June and September each year.

-

Imports from 26 origins and exports to 15 destinations;

-

Trade data for main product groups, LPG and naphta; imports from 43 origins and exports to 30 destinations;

This book provides rapid, accurate and detailed statistics on quarterly production, supply and demand and trade of the major energy forms mainly in, but not limited to, the OECD area. The information contained in this publication consists of:

Natural Gas -

Balances of supply and consumption of OECD Member Countries.

Oil -

Production of crude oil and NGL for the major producers in the world.

-

Refinery balances for crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks, and total (including inputs of origin other than crude oil and NGL);

-

Complete product balances of production, trade, refinery intake and output, final consumption, stock levels and changes;

-

Crude, NGL and feedstock imports from 47 origins and exports to 24 destinations;

-

Trade data for main product groups, LPG and naphtha; imports from 43 origins and exports to 30 destinations;

Coal -

World hard coal and brown coal production;

-

World steam coal and coking coal trade;

-

Coking coal and steam coal imports and exports for major OECD countries;

Electricity -

Electricity production, (separately from combustible fuel, nuclear, hydro and other sources) imports, exports and (apparent) consumption in each of the 30 OECD Member countries.


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxv

7. GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE Australia excludes the overseas territories. Denmark excludes the Danish Faroes and Greenland. France includes Monaco but excludes the French overseas territories Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, Reunion, St.-Pierre and Miquelon, New Caledonia and French Polynesia.

OECD Europe comprises Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. OECD Pacific comprises Australia, Japan, Korea and New Zealand.

Italy includes San Marino and the Vatican. Japan includes Okinawa. The Netherlands excludes Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. Portugal includes the Açores and Madeira.

IEA regional totals include only IEA Member countries and therefore exclude non-IEA Members, shown in italics above. Please note that all OECD Pacific countries are also members of IEA and therefore we refer to it as OECD/IEA Pacific.

Spain includes the Canary Islands. Switzerland does not include Liechtenstein. United States includes 50 States and the District of Columbia. OECD Total comprises Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. 1

With the exception of Iceland, Mexico and Poland , all 30 OECD member countries are also member countries of the IEA. The following countries are included in the regional aggregates. OECD Total is the sum of the three regional aggregates.

Africa includes Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Other Africa. Latin America includes Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela and Other Latin America.

OECD North America comprises Canada, Mexico and the United States.

Asia includes Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Chinese Taipei, India, Indonesia, DPR of Korea, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam and Other Asia.

1. Poland is expected to become an IEA Member country in 2008 and has been included in IEA aggregates for this publication.

China includes the People’s Republic of China and Hong Kong (China).


xxvi - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

Non-OECD Europe includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus 2 , Gibraltar, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Malta, Romania, Serbia3, Montenegro and Slovenia.

Former USSR 4 includes Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.

2. Note by Turkey: With respect to the Cyprus question, Turkey reserves its position as stated in its declaration of 1 May 2004. The information in the report under the heading Cyprus relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Turkey recognises the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European Commission: The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Turkey. The information in this report relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. 3. Data for Serbia include Montenegro until 2004 and Kosovo until 1999.


4. Data is shown only under Former USSR until 1989. After 1990, data is shown by country only.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxvii

8. COUNTRY NOTES In many cases data submitted by Member countries to the Secretariat do not conform to the standard reporting methodology or have other particular characteristics. Information set out below will assist readers to interpret data for particular countries and aid in the comparison of data among countries.

Australia All data refer to the fiscal year, (e.g. July 2005 to June 2006 for 2006). For the 2002 data, the Australian Administration has started to use a new survey methodology which has caused shifts in the structure of industry consumption. The Australian Administration is planning to revise the historical series. Data on blast furnace gas for electricity production by autoproducers begins in 1986. Consumption in wood and wood products is included in paper, pulp and print from 2001 onwards. The drop in BKB production in 2004 was due to a fire in the main production plant. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Austria Historical revisions by the Austrian Administration have resulted in some breaks in series between 1989 and 1990. Other bituminous coal includes hard coal briquettes. "Trockenkohle" is included with BKB because of its high calorific value. Since 1994, gas works gas is reported with natural gas because it is distributed in the same network. The amount of gas works gas is negligible and it is mostly consumed by households. The last lignite mine closed in the second quarter of 2004. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Belgium Sub-bituminous coal data refer to recovered coal products. Production of other bituminous coal ceased on 31 August 1992. Production includes the recuperation of coal from coal dumps. The use of coke oven gas in the chemical and petrochemical sector ceased in 1996. The decrease of bituminous coal and coke oven coke in the iron and steel sector in 2002 is due to the closure of several plants. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Canada Due to the unavailability of data, non-energy use of coke oven coke and hard coal is included with final consumption sectors prior to 1978 and 1980 respectively. Before 1978, lignite inputs to main activity producer heat plants are included in final consumption. Starting in 1979, these inputs are included in main activity producer electricity plants. Due to a Canadian confidentiality law, starting in 2002, some of the disaggregation of primary coal has been estimated by IEA Secretariat. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Czech Republic Data are available starting in 1971. End-use consumption data were submitted by the Czech Administration starting with 1996 data. Due to economic restructuring in the end-use consumption sectors in the late 1990s (big state enterprises subdividing and/or privatising and the utilisation of new


xxviii - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

technologies by businesses), there might be breaks in time series in these sectors. Prior to 1993, consumption was estimated by the Secretariat. Data for 1990 to 1995 were estimated based on the Czech publication Energy Economy Year Book. In 1995, town gas production ceased. Beginning in 1996, the Czech Administration reported gas works gas in autoproducer CHP. In 1997, coke oven gas consumption in chemical and petrochemical stopped. Also in 1997, other bituminous coal started being extracted at a deeper level, which increased the calorific value of this coal. Revisions by the Czech Administration have resulted in some breaks in series between 2001 and 2002. Production from other sources of sub-bituminous coal in 2004 are coal slurries. In the 2008 edition, the classification was changed between other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal and lignite for 1990 onwards. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Denmark In the 2004 edition, major revisions were made by the Danish Administration for the 1990 to 2001 data, which may cause breaks in time series between 1989 and 1990. A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power plants were operated more intensively to replace hydro-generated electricity that is consumed in the country. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was exported to other countries in the region. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Finland A new survey system and a reclassification of the data lead to breaks in the time series between 1999 and 2000 for most products and sectors. The new survey system is more detailed and has better product coverage especially in electricity, CHP and heat production, as well as in industry. A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power plants were operated more intensively to replace hydro-generated electricity that is consumed in the country. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was exported to other countries in the region. The first coking plant started operation in 1987, hence imports of coking coal and production of coke oven coke


and coke oven gas started in that year. The increase of other bituminous coal inputs into main activity producer electricity plants from 1993 to 1994 was due to coal replacing imported electricity and hydro power. Production of gas works gas ceased in April 1994. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

France Prior to 1985, consumption of colliery gas is included with the use of coke oven gas by autoproducers. Final consumption in industry is estimated by the Secretariat from 1986 to 2001 for some products. For 1989 to 1998, the Secretariat has estimated industry consumption based on Consommations d’Energie dans l‘Industrie, SESSI. BKB data for 1994 are Secretariat estimates. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Germany German data include the new federal states of Germany from 1970 onwards. Figures for quantities used for non-energy purposes became available from 1970. Prior to this, non-energy uses are included with consumption in the respective final consumption sectors. Due to reclassification of several sectors by the German Administration, breaks in series may occur between 1990 and 1992; this particularly affects BKB, lignite and coke oven coke. BKB inputs to gas works plants stopped in 1997. Breaks in series may occur between 1998 and 1999 for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. Up to 2003, other bituminous coal includes anthracite. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Greece Electricity production using hard coal ceased in 1989. A new main activity producer electricity plant using imported bituminous coal was brought on-line in 1991. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1997. Lignite is used in main activity producer CHP plants since 1997. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxix

Hungary Data are available from 1965. Due to sale of an autoproducer power plant, breaks in series occur for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas between 1997 and 1998. From 1999, the production of sub-bituminous coal has been included with lignite/ brown coal due to the low quality of the coal. The use of this domestic coal in main activity producer electricity and CHP plants has also been reclassified to lignite/brown coal. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Iceland Prior to 1970, final consumption includes inputs and outputs to heat production. The industrial classifications used by the Icelandic Administration were changed in 1987. Final consumption increased in 2000 due to a new iron and steel plant coming on-line. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Ireland Production data for peat briquettes (reported as BKB) are available from 1975. Low production of peat in 1985 was due to a poor “harvest”. The production of gas works gas ceased in 1987 due to fuel switching to natural gas. Other bituminous coal inputs to main activity producer electricity plants increased from 1986 due to three new generating units at Moneypoint coming on-line. A reclassification causes a break in the series for own use of peat from 1989 to 1990. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Italy From 2000 onwards, the Italian Administration defines electricity production from autoproducers as including generation from producers consuming more than 70% of their own production. However for the 2000 to 2002 period, all electricity production from autoproducers is reported with main activity producers. From 1986 onwards, figures from lignite are given using the same methodology as in the Bilancio Energetico Nazionale. In 1991, all industrial activities

were reclassified on the basis of ISTAT/NACE 91. This has implied some transfers of activities which may result in some anomalies between 1991 and earlier years. Due to a change in the survey system, breaks in series may occur between 1997 and 1998 for final consumption. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Japan For four consecutive years, the IEA received revisions from the Japanese Administration. The first set of revisions received in 2004 increased the 1990 supply by 5% for coal, 2% for natural gas and 0.7% for oil compared to the previous data. This led to an increase of 2.5% in 1990 CO2 emissions calculated using the Reference Approach while the Sectoral Approach remained fairly constant. For the 2006 edition, the IEA received revisions to the coal and oil data which have had a significant impact on both the energy data and the CO2 emissions. The most significant revisions occurred for coke oven coke, naphtha, blast furnace gas and petroleum coke. These revisions affected consumption rather than supply in the years concerned. As a result, the Sectoral Approach CO2 emissions have increased for all the years, however at different rates. For example, the Sectoral Approach CO2 emissions for 1990 were 4.6% higher than those calculated for the 2005 edition while the 2003 emissions were 1.1% higher than those of the previous edition. Due to the impact these successive revisions have had on the final energy balance as well as on CO2 emissions, the IEA was in close contact with the Japanese Administration to better understand the reasons behind these changes. These changes were mainly due to the Government of Japan's efforts to improve the input-output balances in the production of oil products and coal products in response to inquiries from the UNFCCC Secretariat. To cope with this issue, the Japanese Administration established a working group in March 2004. The working group completed its work in April 2006. Many of its conclusions were incorporated in the 2006 edition, but some further revisions to the time series (especially in the industry and other sectors) were submitted for the 2007 edition. Starting in 1990, data are reported on a fiscal year basis (e.g. April 2006 to March 2007 for 2006). From 1982, residential use of coke oven coke is included in commercial/public services sector. Oxygen steel furnace gas data are available from 1982. From


xxx - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

1998, inputs of coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas into autoproducer electricity plants include the amount used to produce electricity with TRT technology (Top pressure Recovery Turbines) which was previously included in the industry sector. Starting in 1990, the inputs of coke oven coke to blast furnaces as well as the final consumption of coke oven coke in the iron and steel sector have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat. Coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) is classified as coking coal in order to be consistent with Japanese trade statistics. With the 2008 edition, Japan has reclassified part of the coal inputs to coke ovens as inputs to blast furnaces. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Korea Data are available from 1971. Data for 2002 have been reported on a different basis, causing breaks in series between 2001 and 2002, especially for inputs and outputs to electricity generation and consumption in the iron and steel industry. The Korean Administration is planning to revise the historical series as time and resources permit. Data for coal and coal products from 1971 to 2001 are based on information provided by the Korean Administration, as well as information from the Yearbook of Energy Statistics 2002, the Yearbook of Coal Statistics 2001 (both from the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy), and Statistics of Electric Power in Korea 2001 (from the Korea Electric Power Corporation). Patent fuel series have been estimated by the Secretariat up to 2001. Data on sub-bituminous coal were estimated by the Secretariat based on statistics of the exporting countries. Consumption of manufactured gases in the iron and steel industry after 2002 includes the consumption in blast furnaces, oxygen steel furnaces and other iron and steel processing plants. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Luxembourg Steel production from blast furnaces ceased at the end of 1997. As a consequence, Luxembourg no longer uses coke oven coke and blast furnace gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.


Mexico Data are available starting in 1971 and are partly estimated based on the publication Balance Nacional Energía. The Mexican Administration submitted data directly by questionnaire for the first time with 1992 data. As a result, some breaks in series may occur between 1991 and 1992. Data for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas are reported for the first time in 1999. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Netherlands In the national statistical system of the Netherlands, use of fuel in manufacturing industries for CHP production is considered to be consumption in the transformation sector. However, in IEA statistics, this own use for heat production (autoproduced heat) is reported under the relevant industry sub-sector, based on estimates provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics. For 1984 to 1986, production from other sources of other bituminous coal represents a stock of "smalls" washed for re-use. Prior to 1989, non-energy use is included with industry consumption. Paper, pulp and print includes furniture. The breakdown of anthracite, coking coal and other bituminous coal has been provided on a preliminary basis and data will be revised. Coal exports consist of re-exported volumes. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

New Zealand Where data refer to the fiscal year, April 1994 to March 1995 is shown as 1994. A reorganisation of government departments during 1987 leading to cessation of certain data series has resulted in several breaks in series between 1987 and 1988. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1988. Peat, although produced in New Zealand, is not used as a fuel. It is used for agricultural purposes only. In final consumption, non-ferrous metals is included with iron and steel; wood and wood products is included with pulp, paper and print; mining and quarrying is included in agriculture and construction is included with commercial/public services. Sub-bituminous coal inputs into blast furnaces refers to coal that is merged

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxxi

with iron sand to form the inputs for the multi-hearthfurnace (Glenbrook Steel Site). Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

1993 while chemical industry use of coke oven gas ceased between 1993 and 2000. Natural gas inputs into gas works gas stopped in 1999. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Norway

Sweden

Production of coking coal, coke oven coke and coke oven gas ceased in the late 1980s. Other bituminous coal includes lignite. The decrease of bituminous coal production in 2005 is due to a fire in one of the coal mines, that entailed a break in the production for a large part of the year.

Other bituminous coal production is coal recovered during the quarrying of clay. Autoproducer inputs to waste heat production that is sold are reported in the respective end-use sectors and not in the transformation sector.

Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.


Poland Data for coking coal were included with other bituminous coal prior to 1993. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Portugal Since 1998, sub-bituminous coal is not used. As of 2000, gas works gas in the commercial/public services and residential sectors is gradually being replaced by natural gas. The iron and steel industry closed in the first quarter of 2001, leading to decreases in supply and consumption of coking coal, coke oven coke, coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

Slovak Republic Data are available starting in 1971. There are some breaks in series between 1992 and 1993. A new survey system in 2001 leads to major breaks in series for most products.

Switzerland From 1999, data on consumption result from a new survey and are not comparable with data of previous years. The breakdown of the industry sector for 2000 was estimated by the Secretariat for gas, oil, electricity and heat. From 1985, industrial consumption of gas works gas is reported in non-specified industry to prevent the disclosure of commercially confidential data. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

Turkey Production of gas works gas declined in 1989 due to plant closures; the last plant closed in 1994. Use of gas coke and gas works gas ceased in 1994. Due to government regulations in the industry and residential sectors in particular, there has been a shift from the use of domestically produced coal to imported coal and natural gas. Privatisation of state owned coke ovens in recent years results in incomplete information on coke oven gas distribution. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.


Spain Other bituminous coal use in the iron and steel industry ceased in 1991 and started again in 1996. Consumption of BKB also ended in 1991. Consumption of blast furnace gas in the chemical industry stopped in

United Kingdom Consumption shown for the commercial/public services sector includes consumption of some of the nonspecified sector. Prior to 1994, the consumption of substitute natural gas is included with natural gas while its production is included with gas works gas.


xxxii - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

Due to reclassifications, there are breaks in the series between 1998 and 1999 and between 2000 and 2001 for blast furnace gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.

United States United States includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Imports and exports also include all U.S. territories (i.e. Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands and the Hawaiian Trade Zone). Due to problems in reporting, there are numerous breaks in series for the U.S. data, particularly in 1992,


1999, 2001 and 2002. Care should be taken when evaluating consumption by sector since inputs of fuel to autoproducers are included in final consumption for some years. Gas works gas production and consumption is included with natural gas starting in 1974. In 2002, the United States reported "synfuel" production as patent fuel for the first time. Prior to 2002, the consumption of this fuel was reported with other bituminous coal. Since the Energy Information Administration and the US Department of Commerce do not collect separate data on patent fuel exports by country, total exports of patent fuel are included in the exports of other bituminous coal. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxxiii

9. CONVERSION FACTORS AND CALORIFIC VALUES General Conversion Factors for Energy To: From:

TJ

Gcal

Mtoe

MBtu

GWh

238.8

2.388 x 10

947.8

0.2778

10

3.968

1.163 x 10

3.968 x 10

11630

1

2.931 x 10

3412

1

multiply by:

TJ

1

-5

-3

-7

1

4

10

1

-3

Gcal

4.1868 x 10

Mtoe

4.1868 x 10

MBtu

1.0551 x 10

0.252

2.52 x 10

GWh

3.6

860

8.6 x 10

7

-3

7

-8

-5

-4

Conversion Factors for Mass To:

kg

From:

multiply by:

kilogramme (kg)

t

lt

st

1

0.001

9.84 x 10

1.102 x 10

2.2046

tonne (t)

1000

1

0.984

1.1023

2204.6

long ton (lt)

1016

1.016

1

1.120

2240.0

short ton (st)

907.2

0.9072

0.893

1

2000.0

pound (lb)

0.454

4.54 x 10

-4

-4

-4

4.46 x 10

lb -3

-4

5.0 x 10

1


xxxiv - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

Conversion Factors for Volume To:

gal U.S.

From:

gal U.K.

bbl

ft

3

l

m

3

multiply by:

U.S. gallon (gal)

1

0.8327

0.02381

0.1337

3.785

0.0038

U.K. gallon (gal)

1.201

1

0.02859

0.1605

4.546

0.0045

Barrel (bbl)

42.0

34.97

1

5.615

159.0

0.159

Cubic foot (ft )

7.48

6.229

0.1781

1

28.3

0.0283

Litre (l)

0.2642

0.220

0.0063

0.0353

1

0.001

264.2

220.0

6.289

35.3147

1000.0

1

3

3

Cubic metre (m )

Decimal Prefixes 101 102 103 106 109 1012 1015 1018


deca (da)

10-1

deci (d)

hecto (h)

10-2

centi (c)

kilo (k)

10-3

milli (m)

mega (M)

10-6

micro (μ)

giga (G)

10-9

nano (n)

tera (T)

10-12

pico (p)

peta (P)

10-15

femto (f)

exa (E)

10-18

atto (a)

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) - xxxv

2006 COUNTRY SPECIFIC AVERAGE NET CALORIFIC VALUES [MJ/t] SubCoking Other Coal Bituminous Bituminous Coal Coal

Anthracite

Australia

Lignite

Peat

Patent Coke Oven Coal Tar Fuels Coke

BKB

-

28,500

25,700

18,478

9,310

-

-

25,650

-

20,995

Austria

32,363

29,074

28,065

22,200

9,145

8,800

31,003

29,000

41,800

19,303

Belgium

25,184

29,308

25,781

24,266

8,370

-

29,308

27,696

-

20,097

Canada

27,700

27,414

25,514

17,799

14,464

-

-

27,389

-

-

Czech Republic

31,357

29,311

-

24,061

12,917

-

-

27,705

37,298

21,899

Denmark

-

-

24,889

-

-

-

-

29,300

-

-

Finland

-

29,300

25,500

-

-

10,200

-

29,300

37,000

-

France

-

30,500

26,000

-

17,000

-

32,000

28,000

-

-

Germany

29,016

29,513

25,601

-

9,013

8,375

31,400

28,650

-

21,240

Greece

-

-

25,867

-

5,280

-

-

29,507

-

13,228

Hungary

-

31,429

25,135

16,805

7,325

-

-

29,475

-

20,000

Iceland

-

-

28,050

-

-

-

-

26,670

-

-

Ireland

27,842

-

27,838

-

19,820

8,417

28,052

-

-

18,548

-

30,984

26,587

-

10,468

-

-

29,000

-

-

Japan

26,900

28,373

25,058

-

-

-

-

29,400

36,330

-

Korea

19,747

27,633

26,317

21,279

-

-

19,862

27,214

-

-

Luxembourg

29,300

-

29,300

-

-

-

-

-

-

20,100

-

23,483

23,483

19,405

14,100

-

-

26,521

-

-

29,300

28,671

24,873

-

20,000

-

29,300

28,500

41,900

-

New Zealand

-

-

28,180

21,030

14,400

-

-

-

-

-

Norway

-

-

28,100

-

-

-

-

28,500

-

-

Poland

-

29,508

22,616

-

8,666

-

-

28,239

35,722

17,476

Portugal

31,883

-

25,295

-

-

-

-

28,043

-

-

Slovak Republic

29,423

29,240

25,553

-

11,298

-

28,000

28,197

-

23,000

Spain

17,518

30,020

22,781

13,092

8,203

-

-

30,290

-

-

Italy

Mexico Netherlands

Sweden

-

30,000

27,400

-

-

12,500

-

28,080

-

20,097

28,100

-

28,100

-

20,100

-

-

28,100

-

-

Turkey

-

30,675

25,763

18,000

7,764

-

-

29,302

-

19,971

United Kingdom

-

28,949

24,831

-

-

-

30,875

27,835

-

-

28,020

29,118

26,624

19,407

14,189

-

27,378

27,469

-

-

Switzerland

United States

Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics


xxxvi - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition)

Coal Classification The IEA collects statistics on coal production, trade and consumption according to a technically precise classification based on the quality of coal as follows: •

Coking Coal is coal with a quality that allows the production of coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge;

•

Other Bituminous Coal and Anthracite are non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis;

•

Sub-bituminous Coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value between 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) and 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) containing more than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis;

•

Lignite/Brown Coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) and greater than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis. Oil Shale combusted directly is reported in this category.

However, when publishing these data, the IEA adopts a simplified classification of Hard Coal and Brown Coal. The correspondence is as follows: Hard Coal: this is the sum of Coking Coal and Steam Coal; Coking coal is reported in the category Coking Coal; Other Bituminous Coal and Anthracite are reported in the category Steam Coal; Sub-bituminous Coal is reported in the category Brown Coal except for: Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, South Korea (Republic of Korea) and the United States where it is included in Steam Coal (because of its relatively high calorific value); Lignite is reported in the category Brown Coal. The term Total Coal refers to the sum of Hard Coal and Brown Coal after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of coal equivalent - tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the coal in question (the conversion factors are submitted by national Administrations to the IEA Secretariat each year) by the total volume of hard and brown coal used, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. One tce has an energy content of 29.3 gigajoules (GJ) or 7 000 kcal and corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe).

Defining Coal Consumption Energy statistics are compiled and presented to take account of the complexity in the way fuels are used and to avoid double counting. Misunderstandings can arise when statistics on coal consumption are used because of the particular terminology used by energy statisticians. Coal is used in four possible ways: •

As a primary input to produce electricity or a secondary/tertiary fuel that is used elsewhere or sold - this is referred to as use in the Transformation Sector; e.g. coking coal used to produce coke in a coke oven, steam coal used to produce electricity

•

As a fuel used to support (but not used in) a transformation process - this is referred to as use in the Energy Sector; e.g. coke oven gas used to heat the coke oven, steam coal used to operate the power plant

•

As a fuel consumed in manufacturing industry, mining and construction, in transport, in agriculture, in commercial and public services and in households - this is referred to as use in the Final Consumption Sectors; e.g. steam coal used to produce heat in cement kilns, steam coal used to produce industrial process steam

•

As a raw material - this is referred to as non-energy use. e.g. coal used to produce carbon electrodes for the aluminium industry

In the wider community, the term ‘Consumption’ is commonly understood to include all four of the above end-uses. However, in this book the term “Consumption” refers only to use in the Final Consumption Sectors (i.e. in the third dot point above).


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART I - I.1

PART I WORLD COAL MARKET REVIEW



1. OVERVIEW In 2007, total global coal production increased by 5.6%, well above the 10-year average growth trend of 3.4%. Hard coal production increased by 6.5% (or 338.0 Mt), to 5 542.9 Mt. Brown coal production increased by 0.9% (or 7.9 Mt) to 945.2 Mt, a little above its 1994 level. The analysis of proved coal reserve data indicates that at the current level of production, there is approximately 157 years of coal available for supply. Total global coal consumption increased by 6.2% or 271.7 Mtce in 2007, which follows a four year trend of annual increases averaging 6.6%. Among the types of coal, hard coal consumption increased by 6.9%, steam coal consumption was up 324.5 Mt (7.3%), and coking coal consumption was up 33.8 Mt (4.9%). Global hard coal trade continues to grow in 2007. Hard coal exports were up 51.6 Mt from 865.7 Mt to 917.3 Mt. Steam coal exports rose 4.2% from 642.7 Mt to 670.0 Mt while coking coal exports shows an increase of 10.9% from 223.0 Mt to 247.2 Mt. Because of differences in coal classification by trading partners, as well as difficulties in assigning trade

to specific destinations, and because trade is not instantaneous, imports volume does not exactly reflect exports volume. Indeed, estimated imports show a smaller increase in trade than do exports. Total hard coal imports volume rose from 856.2 Mt to 892.0 Mt—an increase of 4.2% (35.8 Mt). Steam coal imports increased by 3.8% whereas coking coal imports increased by 5.6%. Average CIF import steam coal prices increased by 12% in Japan and 17.8% in the European Union compared to 2006. The majority of 2007 average steam coal FOB export costs increased over 2006. The largest increase occurred in Indonesia, Canada and Colombia which were up respectively by 28.9%, 11.6% and 11.2%. In 2005, coal remains the first source of world CO2 emissions ahead of oil and natural gas. Coal-related emissions increased more rapidly in the non-OECD countries which became responsible for the majority of coal-related emissions in the early ’90s. In the OECD, coal-related emissions were increasingly due to power generation as opposed to industries and other sectors whose share declined sharply.



2. PRODUCTION Developments in World Coal Supply in 2006 and 2007 World coal production and use is broadly grouped by the main coal types – hard coal and brown coal. Hard coal with a high thermal value (varying from coal to coal and depending on the degree of preparation) is economically suited to international trade, with characteristics making some coals suitable for metallurgical (coking) uses. Brown coal (lignite) has a much lower thermal value (the amount depending on the coal type and its water content) and is suitable largely for power generation locally or to a lesser extent for briquette manufacture. World hard coal production continued to show strong growth in 2007 after four years of record growth. Total world hard coal production (including recovered slurries) reached 5 542.9 Mt, a 6.5% increase (or 338.0 Mt) over the 2006 level of 5 204.9 Mt, which follows five years of strong annual growth averaging 9.1%. It was again driven by growth in production from the non-OECD countries with a 8.8% growth in 2007, which follows five years of annual growth averaging 13%. Among the major producing non-OECD countries, production increased in China, India, Russia, Indonesia, Colombia, Vietnam and Korea DPR, but declined marginally in South Africa, Kazakhstan and Ukraine. During the last five years, the OECD’s hard coal production steadily increased and reached in 2007 a new production peak of 1 510.5 Mt. Australia is the main driver of this increase, together with Norway, Canada, Turkey and Germany. It is to be noted that most of the other OECD countries experienced declining production, especially the United States, Poland, Mexico, Spain and New Zealand.

Brown coal production increased by 0.8% (or 7.9 Mt) in 2007, which brings it back approximately to its 1994 level. OECD’s brown coal production increased slightly from 621.5 Mt to 628.4 Mt, while nonOECD’s production remained constant at around 316 Mt. The largest increases in production took place in Turkey (+8.1 Mt), Australia (+4.5 Mt), and Germany (+4.1 Mt), whereas the largest decrease took place in the United States (-5.2 Mt). Overall, world coal production (hard and brown coal) grew by 5.3% (or 345.9 Mt) in 2007 from 6 142.1 Mt to 6 488.0 Mt—following four years of strong growth averaging 6.5%. These last four years represent over 26%, or 22 661 Mt of cumulated growth in total world coal production. World production for hard and brown coal are summarised in Tables 1.1 and 1.4 at the end of this narrative.

Hard Coal Production OECD Production OECD hard coal production reached 1 510.5 Mt in 2007, a 0.7% increase over 2006. After five years of growth, the OECD production reached its historical peak since the inception of the IEA. In 1973, the OECD accounted for about 50% of the world hard coal production. However, since then its share has continuously declined as more non-OECD countries have increased hard coal production. While OECD’s production increased throughout the ’70s and ’80s, its share of world production declined to about 40% by 1990 and was only about 27% in 2007.


I.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART I

The largest OECD coal-producing region is OECDNorth America, with more than two thirds of the OECD production. More than 20% of the OECD production is in the Pacific region and the remaining 12% is in the OECD-Europe region. Table I.1 Major Hard Coal Producers* [Mt] PR of China United States India Australia South Africa Russia Indonesia Poland Kazakhstan Colombia Ukraine Vietnam Canada DPR Korea Germany Other

2005 2158.9 962.4 404.5 300.2 245.0 209.2 145.4 97.9 82.8 59.1 60.0 32.4 30.7 26.9 28.0 84.8

2006 2320.2 991.5 428.2 299.7 244.8 210.4 193.4 95.2 91.6 65.6 61.4 37.9 29.9 27.2 23.8 84.1

2007e 2549.2 980.8 451.6 323.0 243.6 241.4 231.2 90.2 83.1 71.7 58.8 44.6 32.8 28.6 24.2 88.1

Total

4928.2

5204.9

5542.9

* Production includes recovered slurries. See Table 1.1 in Part II for historic data on selected countries.

OECD-North America OECD-North America production declined marginally to 1 024.6 Mt in 2007, down 0.8% from 1 032.9 Mt in 2006. The United States is the second largest global hard coal producing country and the seventh largest hard coal exporter. Canada is the thirteenth largest hard coal producer and eighth largest exporter, while Mexico produced 11.0 Mt in 2007 for domestic consumption. Coal production in the region has decreased for the first time in 2007 after three consecutive years of steady growth.

OECD-Pacific Hard coal production in the OECD-Pacific region increased by 7.3% in 2007, rising from 308.1 Mt to 330.5 Mt. Coal production in the region is driven by production in Australia, which is the largest hard coal exporter, and currently produces over 98% of the region’s hard coal. The increase is attributable only to Australia. Production in New Zealand—a perennial player in international coking coal markets—was down 0.9 Mt, a 17% decrease from its 2006 level. The other two countries in the region are not significant coal producers. The Republic of Korea, which


operates some anthracite mines for domestic use, has experienced declining production for several years until 2006, a level reproduced in 2007. Commercial coal production in Japan ceased in 2002.

OECD-Europe In 2007, the OECD-Europe region counted nine primary hard coal producing countries, one of them (France) producing only from recovered slurries. Hard coal production stopped in Belgium in 2007. Total regional hard coal production was 155.4 Mt, a decrease of 2.1% compared to 2006. Hard coal production for the OECD-Europe has declined steadily since 1995. The sharpest decline in production occurred between 1997 and 2000. The largest producing countries are Poland, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain and the Czech Republic. Hard coal production has declined in each of these countries, except for Germany , Norway and Turkey. In this second tier of producers, hard coal represents only a small fraction of their domestic energy supply. In Turkey it is linked to local markets for power generation and household consumption. Production in Norway is limited to the island of Spitsbergen, where mines are operated to provide employment for local inhabitants.

Non-OECD Production Hard coal production in the non-OECD countries increased by 8.8% from 3 705.1 Mt in 2006 to 4 032.4 Mt in 2007. Over 99% of the non-OECD coal production is accounted for by ten producing countries. Among the non-OECD countries, China accounts for around 46% of world hard coal production, and as such it is the largest hard coal producing country. In 2007, its production reached 2 549.2 Mt, an increase of 229.0 Mt (9.9%) above its 2006 level. Consequently, nearly 70% of the increase in world hard coal production is attributable to China. Hard coal production in China has experienced a remarkable recovery since the late 1990s when the government instituted a series of company consolidations and mine closures. China’s production has more than doubled since 2000, which allows the country to meet fast growing demand for coal to generate electricity


and steel making. However, as a major coal exporter China gradually moved from the second largest hard coal exporter in 2001 to sixth in 2007. India is the second largest non-OECD hard coal producer and third in the world. India hard coal production increased by 5.5% from 428.2 Mt to 451.6 Mt and although it dominates South Asian production, it is essentially consumed domestically. South Africa accounts for 98% of Africa’s hard coal production, which represents 4.6% of world production. South Africa is the fifth largest hard coal producer and the fifth-ranking coal exporting country in the world. Russia is by far the largest producer among FSU countries. Its production combined with Kazakhstan and Ukraine represents over 99% of total production from transition economies. Russia’s production increased by 14.7%, or 241.4 Mt, in 2007. Indonesia accounts for the vast majority of the production in East Asia (73.3%). Indonesia is the seventh largest hard coal producer with coal production reaching 231.2 Mt in 2007, up 37.8 Mt (19.5%) from its 2006 level. Indonesia is also the second largest coal exporter worldwide. Kazakhstan is the second ranking among the FSU countries in terms of production. The production of hard coal decreased by 9.3% in 2007. Colombia is the main hard coal producer in Latin America and has a growing presence on the international export market. Its production increased by 9.2% —from 65.6 Mt to 71.7 Mt, which follows increases of 9.0% in 2005 and 11.0% in 2006. Colombia became the fourth largest coal exporting country in the world.

Brown Coal Production Based upon the most recent study from the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), the total economic reserves of soft brown coal are about 283.2 billion tons. Qualities and thermal values vary considerably between different deposits. Nevertheless, brown coal (lignite) is an important source of energy supply. The supply of brown coal went up 0.8 % in 2007 and reached 945.2 Mt. Increased supplies in Germany, Australia, Turkey, and Bulgaria strongly offset decreased supplies in Russia, the United States, Poland, Serbia and Montenegro. Following its 1989 peak, brown coal production declined steadily until 1999, largely as a result of contractions of demand and supply in central and Eastern Europe. Production more or less stabilised since mainly as a result of an increased use for electricity generation in countries such as Germany, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro, Romania, India and Canada. Almost all lignite is mined by opencast operations, and almost all is used for electricity production in local plants, although smaller amounts are used in some countries for industry and to produce briquettes for home heating. In several countries, brown coal is used to generate over half the country’s electricity production (Estonia, some former Yugoslav countries, the Czech Republic and Greece) and in others (Romania, Poland, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Germany, Australia, Hungary,) significant shares of electricity production are fuelled by lignite.

OECD Production

The production of hard coal in Ukraine represents 15.3% of the production in the FSU countries, decreasing by 4.4% in 2007.

The OECD countries account for 67% of brown coal production. Although there is some brown coal production in the OECD-Pacific region, the largest components of OECD supply are centred in OECDEurope and OECD-North America.

Vietnam coal production increased 17.6% from 37.9 Mt to 44.6 Mt, and is emerging on the export market.

OECD-North America

Although statistics on DPR Korea are not provided by any official sources, production is thought to have increased approximately by 5.1% in 2007, from 27.2 Mt to 28.6 Mt.

In the OECD-North America region, brown coal production is centred in the United States and Canada. Total regional production in 2007 reached 107.8 Mt. Of that volume, production in the United States represented 66.1%. Brown coal production in the United



States decreased by 6.8% from 76.4 Mt to 71.2 Mt. Canadian brown coal production levels remained constant at 36.5 Mt.

Russia is the largest Non-OECD producer with 72.3 Mt reported in 2007, but production decreased by 2.4% over its 2006 level of 74.1 Mt.

OECD-Pacific

Serbia and Montenegro production, which continues to recover from the dislocation of war and sanctions imposed in the late ’90s, decreased by 3.3% from 36.8 Mt to 35.6 Mt.

Brown coal production in the OECD-Pacific region occurs in Australia and New Zealand. The vast majority—well over 99%—is in Australia. Australia brown coal production grew in 2007 by 6.7% from 67.7 Mt to 72.3 Mt. New Zealand production reached 260 kt in 2007, which is an increase of 3.4% over the 2006 level of 251 kt.

OECD-Europe The OECD-Europe region is the largest brown coal producing geographical aggregate summarised in this study. Production in the region increased by 1.7% in 2007, from 440.6 Mt to 448.1 Mt. Eight countries in the OECD Europe region report brown coal production. By far the largest is Germany, which is also the top ranked world brown coal producer. Production in Germany increased in 2007 by 2.3% from 176.3 Mt to 180.4 Mt. The second tier of OECD-Europe producers has annual output between 55 Mt and 70 Mt per annum. Brown coal production in Poland dropped by 5.4% from 60.8 Mt to 57.5 Mt. Brown coal production in Turkey showed an important increase of 13%, from 61.9 Mt to 70.0 Mt. This growth in Turkey is due to a new lignite-fired plant and contrasts with the trend of declining brown coal production between 1999 and 2004. In the last three years, Turkey increased its brown coal production by almost 60% and reaches the fifth-ranking position among brown coal producers. In Poland, production decreased by 3.3 Mt (5.4%) from 60.8 Mt to 57.5 Mt. Production in the Czech Republic was down 0.4% from 54.7 Mt to 54.5 Mt. Other significant brown coal producers in the region include: Hungary, Spain and the Slovak Republic.

Conversely, production increased in both Romania and Bulgaria—rising from 34.9 Mt to 35.5 Mt in the former and from 25.7 Mt to 28.3 Mt in the latter. Brown coal production in India increased by 4.8% in 2007, from 31.3 Mt to 32.8 Mt, mainly due to growing needs for electricity generation. In Indonesia, the largest producer in East Asia, production increased by 0.7% in 2007 from 27.8 Mt to 28.0 Mt. Table I.2 Major Brown Coal Producers [Mt] Germany Russia Australia United States Turkey Greece Poland Czech Republic Canada Serbia and Montenegro Romania India Bulgaria Indonesia Thailand Other

2005 177.9 73.7 67.2 76.2 56.2 69.4 61.6 54.9 36.8 35.1 31.1 30.2 24.7 25.7 20.9 87.5

2006 176.3 74.1 67.7 76.4 61.9 64.5 60.8 54.7 36.5 36.8 34.9 31.3 25.7 27.8 19.0 88.9

2007e 180.4 72.3 72.3 71.2 70.0 64.4 57.5 54.5 36.6 35.6 35.5 32.8 28.3 28.0 17.9 87.9

Total

929.1

937.3

945.2

See Table 1.4 in Part II for historical data.

Coal Resources, Reserves and Production

Non-OECD Production Non-OECD brown coal production reached 316.7 Mt in 2007, an increase of 0.3% which follows a 3.3% increase in 2006. By far, the vast majority the of nonOECD brown coal production occurs in the transition economies while most of the remaining production occurs in East Asia and South Asia.


Definitions Quantification of mineable coal is based on a consideration of geological, mining and economic criteria. The amount of coal in place and in some cases the amount of mineable coal is influenced by national


resource measurement criteria. The basis for computation of these resources varies from country to country, and it must be borne in mind that for this reason, direct comparisons are sometimes not possible. During the 1990s, there was a considerable discussion on the adoption of internationally recognised standards for reporting reserves. This largely stems from the requirements of capital markets for improved transparency in reserve estimation where project financing is being sought. However, to date there has not been any adoption of international standards. There are, however, some generally recognised definitions that can be applied. For example: • Resources refer to the amount of coal that may be present in a deposit or a coalfield. This does not take into account the feasibility of mining the coal economically. Not all resources are recoverable using current technology. Reserves constitute those resources that are recoverable. • Reserves may be defined further in terms of proved (or measured) reserves, and probable (or indicated) reserves, based on exploration results and the degree of confidence in those results. Probable reserves have been estimated with a lower degree of confidence than proved reserves. Estimates take account of coalfields’ geological characteristics, in particular the regularity, thickness and quality of seams, the spacing of exploration boreholes and other exposures, and geological discontinuities such as faults or folding, all of which affect the practical recoverability of the coal. • Proved reserves are those reserves that are not only confidently considered to be recoverable, but also can also be recovered economically, under current market conditions. In other words they take into account what current mining technology can achieve as well as the economics of recovery (mining, transportation and other relevant recovery costs such as government royalties, and coal prices). Proved reserves will therefore fluctuate according to economic conditions, especially price. It generally follows that proved reserves will decrease when prices are too low for the coal to be recovered economically, and increase when prices make the coal economically recoverable.

Coal Reserve Estimates In its most recent study, the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) estimates the current proved recoverable coal reserves at 1 019 billion tonnes. This includes anthracite, bituminous and sub-bituminous coal and lignite. Table I.3 provides a summary of BGR estimates of coal reserves and the IEA’s estimates 2007 of coal production by regions. If total 2006 proved recoverable reserves are divided by total 2007 coal production, the world coal reserve base represents close to 157 years of production at current levels. Although it is beyond the scope of this piece to discuss the various national classification systems, and the range of definitions of coal resources and reserves, an overview of the national classification systems is provided in an Appendix to Major Coalfields of the World, a publication which was issued by the IEA Coal Research in June 2000.1 An estimate published by the World Energy Council (WEC) in 1978 set proved coal reserves at 636.4 billion tonnes. Thus, world proved coal reserves are 60% larger, or 382.9 billion tonnes higher than they were 28 years before, even though production from 1978 to 2006 is estimated at 130.5 billion tonnes. Another estimate published by the WEC on reserves at end-2002 set proved coal reserves at 909.1 billion tonnes. Even though it is difficult to compare the estimates from two different sources, the increase observed between the end-2002 coal reserves and the 2006 coal reserves suggests that, as the prices increased, a part of the resources was reallocated to reserves as they became economically recoverable.

Geographic Location of Proved Coal Reserves Although coal resources are widely distributed around the world, proved coal reserves tend to be concentrated in the countries which rely on coal for domestic energy or export revenue. OECD-North America and the Transition Economy countries controlled 25% and 23% of the proved coal reserves respectively. About 19% of proved reserves are in China and 12% in South Asia. Thus, almost 80% of proved coal reserves are concentrated in just four regions. 1. Major Coalfields of the World, IEA Coal Research, London, June 2000.



Table I.3 Proved Recoverable Reserves in 2006 and 2007 Production [Mt] Region

OECD Europe OECD North America OECD Pacific

Proved Recoverable Reserves Hard Coal Soft Brown Coal Total 18 322 218 818 41 477

54 820 35 614 38 033

Hard Coal

73 142 254 432 79 510

155.4 1024.6 330.5

Production Brown Coal

Total

448.1 107.8 72.5

603.5 1 132.4 403.0

OECD Total

278 617

128 467

407 084

1510.5

628.4

2 138.9

Transition Economies of which: Russia

112 198 69 946

118 260 91 607

230 458 116 553

383.6 241.4

215.1 72.3

598.7 313.7

China

167 000

25 000

192 000

2549.2

-

2549.2

Asia of which: India

105 682 95 399

11 131 467

116 813 95 866

766.8 451.6

95.4 32.8

862.2 484.4

Latin America of which: Brazil

19 769 10 133

124 -

19 893 10 133

81.8 0.6

5.7 5.7

87.5 6.3

Africa and Middle East

52 846

202

53 048

251.0

0.6

251.6

736 112

283 184

1 019 296

5542.9

945.2

6488.1

World

Sources: Reserves - Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) www.bgr.bund.de Production - International Energy Agency, Coal Information 2008



3. CONSUMPTION This section reviews consumption of total, hard, steam and coking coal in 2005, 2006 and 2007. All 30 OECD Member countries submit their official historical energy data to the IEA Secretariat in annual questionnaires. The most recent full questionnaire collected from each country contained supply and demand statistics for 2006 and historical revisions. In addition to submitting full annual questionnaires, the OECD Member countries submit a “miniquestionnaire” for the most recent calendar year (in this case 2007), which provides supply, trade and stocks statistics for each coal product. Since these statistics have often not been finalised at the national level, the OECD data for 2007 should be considered preliminary—and are labelled in this publication as estimates. Tables showing detailed historical time series for selected products, countries and regions appear at the end of this narrative. Statistics on coal consumption in the OECD are also reported in detail in Part III of this book for each OECD country in terms of tonnes of coal equivalent (in Part III Table 4) and in metric tons (in Part III Table 6). Only data for the most recent and selected historical years are shown in tabular form in the text. Entire historical time series which run from 1960 for most OECD countries are available on a CDRom and also through the IEA website. More information on these sources is provided on the internet at http://www.iea.org. Readers are referred to Part III of this publication for end-use statistics for individual OECD member countries, and the OECD as a whole. Data in Part III Table 5 are presented in an energy balance format and data in Part III Table 6 are presented for the major end-use categories separately for steam coal, coking coal and brown coal, in metric tons.

In the internationally accepted methodology for reporting energy statistics adopted by the IEA, the consumption of coal in individual economic sectors (for example, in industry or the residential sectors, or in industry sub-sectors (iron & steel, non-metallic minerals)) only includes coal that is finally consumed in that sector (i.e. “disappears”) and does not include coal that is transformed into another fuel, such as coke, blast furnace gas or electricity, even though the transformation may occur as a normal part of operations. For example, coking coal is used by the steel industry to produce coke, which is, in turn, used in blast furnaces to produce pig-iron. Blast furnace gas formed in the blast furnace may also be used to produce electricity or heat that is sold to third parties. Moreover, the steel industry may also buy steam coal or other fuels and use them to produce electricity. Information on coal used in the main non-OECD coal producing, importing and exporting countries up to 2006 (the latest year available) is presented in Part IV of this book, as well as summary tables on world coal supply and end-use for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2004 to 2006. In addition, the IEA Secretariat estimates supply and trade statistics for the most recent calendar year (in this case 2007) using national contacts, coal industry publications and information from other international statistical sources. These data are taken from the IEA databases on the non-OECD countries, which are published annually in Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, after Coal Information is submitted for printing and therefore should be considered as preliminary estimates. What is meant by the terms Total Coal, Hard Coal, Brown Coal, Steam Coal and Coking Coal is described in Principles and Definitions on page xxxvi.



Total Coal Consumption Total coal, discussed in this section, refers to the sum of hard coal and brown coal, converted to a common energy unit – in this case million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce). Table I.4 shows total coal consumption for selected countries expressed in Mtce. Although competitive cost coal resources are relatively abundant world-wide (contributing to coal’s use in many countries, principally for electricity generation), about 73% of world consumption of coal is accounted for by just five countries—China, the United States, India, Japan and Russia. If a second set of five countries is added to this list—South Africa, Germany, Poland, Korea and Australia, then close to 84% of the world coal consumption is accounted for.

OECD Consumption The OECD region accounts for 35.6% of world total coal consumption in 2007. OECD coal consumption is estimated to be 1 649.9 Mtce, an increase of 2.0% or 32.5 Mtce from the 2006 level of 1 617.4 Mtce. The increase in 2007 is comparable to the increase which took place last year, and it continues a general pattern of increases which started in 1999. In the United States, coal consumption is estimated at 791.7 Mtce in 2007, a 0.8% increase from the level of consumption in 2006. In the remainder of the OECDNorth America region, coal consumption remained constant in Mexico from at 11.4 Mtce, and increased in Canada from 39.3 Mtce in 2006 to 40.9 Mtce in 2007. In the OECD-Europe, coal consumption is estimated at 344.3 Mtce in 2007, a 3.4% increase from the level of consumption in 2006. Coal consumption increased in twelve OECD-Europe countries and declined in eleven. Consumption in the EU countries went up 3.3% from 493.0 Mtce to 509.2 Mtce. Total coal consumption in OECD-Pacific was 302.7 Mtce, up 3.1% from 293.5 Mtce in 2006. Additional consumption is related to increased consumption in Australia, Japan, and Korea, whereas consumption decreased by 27% in New Zealand.

Table I.4 Total Coal Consumption [Mtce] (Selected Countries) 2005

2006

2007e

796.5 158.1 113.4 83.2 70.4 76.7 53.3 32.1 42.9 29.2 29.9 22.8 19.7 12.8 11.6 11.8 5.3 4.2 7.1 29.3

785.1 160.0 114.7 87.5 74.9 77.3 58.0 37.3 39.3 29.9 26.5 23.4 17.9 12.0 11.4 11.3 7.8 6.8 6.8 29.6

791.7 162.2 120.2 88.3 81.7 79.8 60.1 41.9 40.9 30.1 29.7 23.6 18.8 11.9 11.4 10.8 6.8 6.1 6.1 27.8

Non-OECD Countries PR of China India Russia South Africa Chinese Taipei Ukraine Indonesia Kazakhstan DPR of Korea Thailand Brazil Romania Malaysia Vietnam Israel Serbia and Montenegro Hong Kong Bulgaria Philippines Other Non-OECD

1579.3 294.1 149.9 131.3 55.6 53.0 32.9 39.4 26.0 16.4 17.1 11.9 9.7 11.6 10.9 10.9 9.5 9.8 8.6 55.1

1740.3 313.8 153.7 133.0 57.9 56.6 39.5 42.5 26.7 17.8 16.9 13.0 11.7 12.6 11.0 11.6 10.0 9.9 8.2 56.0

1920.0 345.8 157.8 134.4 64.5 56.0 43.6 41.8 27.4 20.4 18.3 14.4 12.8 12.3 11.3 11.1 10.7 10.4 8.4 60.4

European Union Total IEA Total OECD Total Non-OECD

476.5 1598.4 1610.2 2533.0

493.0 1605.9 1617.4 2742.6

509.2 1638.4 1649.9 2981.9

World

4143.1

4360.0

4631.7

OECD Countries United States Japan Germany Poland Korea Australia United Kingdom Turkey Canada Czech Republic Spain Italy France Greece Mexico Nehterlands Denmark Finland Belgium Other OECD

See Tables 2.1 and 2.4 in Part II for historical data.

Non-OECD Consumption Total coal consumption in the non-OECD countries jumped by 8.7% from 2 742.6 Mtce to 2 981.9 Mtce. The increase is due mainly to China, which maintained its position as the largest coal consuming country in


The term Total Coal refers to the sum of Hard Coal and Brown Coal after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of coal equivalent tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the coal in question by the total volume of hard coal and brown coal used, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. The energy content of one tonne of coal equivalent is 29.3 Gigajoules (GJ) or 7000 kcal and corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe). Consumption refers to Total Primary Energy Supply.


2007. Coal consumption was up in China (including Hong Kong) by 10.3% from 1 750.3 Mtce to 1 930.7 Mtce. Consumption increased in major coal consuming countries like India, Russia, South Africa, Chinese Taipei and Indonesia while consumption declined in Ukraine and Kazakhstan. Consumption rose by 10.2% in India, 2.7% in Russia, 1.1% in South Africa, 11.4% in Chinese Taipei and 10.4% in Indonesia. Coal consumption decreased by 1.1% in Ukraine and 1.6% in Kazakhstan. Hard coal consumption covers coking coal and steam coal greater than 18 600 kJ/kg. Countries for which sub-bituminous coal is included in hard coal are listed in the box on page xxxvi. Because of special coking qualities and their higher calorific value, and lower moisture and ash levels which minimise the transportation costs of the energy contained in these products, these coals comprise the vast majority of coal that moves in international trade, while brown coal is almost exclusively for domestic use. The world hard coal consumption rose an estimated 6.9% in 2007 from 5 163.7 Mt to 5 522.0 Mt. The OECD consumption increased by 2.3% from 1 695.8 Mt to 1 735.2 Mt, while the non-OECD consumption increased 9.2% from 3 467.9 Mt to 3 786.8 Mt.

Steam Coal Consumption Steam coal has three main end-uses: • by far, most steam coal is an input in the power sector to produce electricity and heat (which is then sold to third parties, mostly as district heat); • as a fuel in the final consumption sectors for the production of heat and/or steam (i.e. in the industry, residential, commercial and public services, agriculture and transport sectors); • small amounts are being used as PCI coal (pulverised coal injection) in blast furnaces and as well as for blending with coking coal. World steam coal consumption was up 7.3% in 2007, from 4 474.0 Mt to 4 798.6 Mt. Steam coal consumption in the OECD countries increased by 2.7% in 2007, from 1 501.3 Mt to 1 541.7 Mt. Viewed on a regional basis, steam coal consumption increased by 1.8% in OECD-North America, 4.9% in OECDPacific, and 3.8% in OECD-Europe.

Non-OECD steam coal consumption was up sharply—by 9.6%—from 2 972.7 Mt to 3256.8 Mt. Steam Coal consumption increased in all of the major consumer countries: it was up 11.1% in China from 1 965.5 Mt to 2 183.8 Mt, it increased by 9.0% (or 37.7 Mt) in India from 418.7 to 456.4 Mt, and by 1.1% in South Africa from 174.2 Mt to 176.1 Mt in 2007. Steam coal consumption was up 4.2% in Russia and almost reached its 1997 level with 105.4 Mt in 2007.

Coking Coal Consumption Coking coal has three main end-uses: • by far, most coking coal is used as an input for the production of coke oven coke in coke ovens; • some coking coal is used as an input in the power sector to produce electricity and (which is then sold to third parties, mostly as district heat). In 2006, this occurred in Germany, Poland and Turkey; • small amounts are used as a fuel in the final consumption sectors for the production of heat and/or steam (i.e. in the industry, residential, commercial and public services, agriculture and transport sectors). In addition, coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) in Japan is classified as coking coal in this book even though the coal is, according to the IEA methodology, steam coal. This reporting convention has been adopted here in order to be consistent with published Japanese import statistics where this coal is generally reported as importation of coking coal. Coking coal is defined as a hard coal with a quality that allows the production of coke oven coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Traditionally, coking coals command a price premium over steam coals reflecting a higher carbon content. Almost all coking coal is transformed into coke oven coke in a coke oven and used in blast furnaces for the production of pig-iron. Pig-iron is subsequently converted to steel in an oxygen steel furnace. Hence, consumption of coking coal and coke oven coke, is derived from the consumption of pig-iron and less directly from the consumption of steel. New technologies for the production of steel that bypass the blast furnace involving the direct reduction of iron ore are expected to further weaken the relationship between steel and coking coal consumption.



Coking coal consumption in the OECD (Table 2.2) increased by 2.4% (4.5 Mt) to 194.4 Mt in 2006. Estimates by member countries indicate a slight decrease in consumption with a 0.5% drop to 193.5 Mt in 2007. Despite some recent growth in 2004 and 2006, coking coal consumption has generally been declining in the OECD since the mid-1980s. Several factors have combined to weaken coking coal consumption. First, to some extent, this is due to the growing use of pulverised coal injection (PCI), and to a lesser extent, heavy fuel oil injection into blast furnaces. Coal used for PCI is generally of steam coal quality, so steam coal is displacing coking coal. Second, the steel industries in the OECD countries are experiencing technological evolution where traditional integrated steel production, which relies on coke oven coke, is loosing ground to electric arc furnace technology which does not require coke. Third, there has been a general migration of integrated steel manufacturing from the OECD to the non-OECD countries. World consumption of coking coal in 2007 is estimated by the Secretariat to have increased by about 5.0% from 689.7 Mt to 723.5 Mt. The major coking coal consumers with consumption over 30 Mt per year China, Japan, India, Russia, and Ukraine accounted for 74.4% of world annual coking coal consumption in 2007. Estimates for 2007 (see Table 2.2) for the OECD countries are submitted by member countries while data for the non-OECD countries are estimated by the Secretariat based on many official and unofficial reliable sources.

Coke Oven Coke Production and Consumption Coke Oven Coke is produced in coke ovens from coking coal that may be sourced from a single coal mine or produced from a blend of coking coals sourced from different coal mines. In some cases, non-coking coals (referred to as soft or semi-soft coking coals) can be included in the blend to make coking coal, and hence a coke, of a particular quality. Most coke ovens are located at iron and steel plants; other coke oven plants are at coal mines or at town gas plants. Although coke oven coke is mainly consumed in the iron and steel industry in blast furnaces for the production of pig-iron it is also used in


foundries, as coke breeze in sinter production, as well as in coke ovens themselves to support coke oven coke production. In 2007, it is estimated that 137.2 Mt of coke oven coke was produced and 143.4 Mt of coke oven coke was consumed in the OECD countries (Tables 1.5 and 2.5 in Part II). Production increased by 5.8% from 129.7 Mt in 2006 to 137.2 Mt in 2007, while consumption was up 6.0% from 135.3 Mt in 2006 to 143.4 Mt in 2007 (Tables 1.5 and 2.5). More strict environmental controls in the OECD countries, coupled with ageing coke plants, could lead to plant closures, thus increasing imports and world trade in coke. Lack of domestic coking capacity in the United States and other OECD Europe countries could also be offset by higher pulverised coal injection rates in future years.

Coals for Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) The steel industry is a major consumer of coal for use in the production of pig-iron in blast furnaces. The choice of coals for use in steel-making has been a prime concern of the industry, particularly in Japan with the expansion of the steel industry in the 1960s and following the oil price shocks which led to the significant substitution of heavy fuel oil by coal in some blast furnaces. Improvements were made world-wide in coal blending technology, coking technology and coke application technology for blast furnaces, and in the late 1970s, semi-soft coking coal and non-coking coal were partly used for the first time. In the second half of the 1980s, pulverised coal injection—a technology for injecting coal directly into the blast furnace to provide the chemical reaction agents necessary to convert iron ore to pig-iron—became more widespread. Coal used in this way, as PCI, provides important economic benefits to the steel-maker; it lowers the quantity of coke required to produce pig-iron (one tonne of PCI coal replaces about 1.4 tonnes of coking coal and thereby prolongs the life of coke ovens by reducing the amount of coke required to be produced. This is important because many coke ovens are reaching the end of their useful life and significant investment is required to replace or to maintain them, which often involves additional costs to meet stringent environmental standards.


Table I.5 PCI Used in Blast Furnaces (major consumers in thousand tonnes) 2005

2006

Japan Korea Germany France India United States Italy Netherlands United Kingdom New Zealand Slovak Republic Belgium Sweden Spain Colombia

10440 5481 2770 2373 2160 1252 1154 1472 983 798 377 479 417 493 233

10670 5603 2975 2522 2266 1409 1299 1289 998 814 470 469 426 362 198

Total

30882

31770

See Table 5.4 in Part II for other countries and historical data. World totals are Secretariat estimates. Includes granular coal injection for some countries.

The performance of PCI technology depends on the quality and consistency of the pulverised coal used in the blast furnace. In terms of volatility, a wide range of coals—from anthracite to high volatile—are utilised. Indicative qualities for PCI coal (air dried) are as follows: below 7% ash; below 10% total moisture, low alkalis and low phosphorus. It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal consumption, PCI is classified by the IEA Secretariat as a steam coal (as most PCI coal is generally of a steam coal quality and not coking coal quality) for most countries. (For Japan, PCI consumption is reported in this book as a coking coal in order to be consistent with the Japanese practice of including imports of PCI coal

with coking coal). This approach to coal classification for statistical reporting purposes recognises that PCI and other similar coals are also blended with coking coal to form a coal that is still suitable for coke making. However, it should be noted that Member countries are not consistent in reporting steam and coking coal import and export statistics to the IEA Secretariat because PCI coals are included in coking coal data by some countries and in steam coal by others. For this reason it is difficult to compare steam and coking coal supply in some large users of PCI or to match import data with export data for the same partner countries for steam and coking. As imports and exports data for PCI coal are not available separately, the IEA Secretariat is not able to “correct” trade data reported by Member countries to ensure that the series of steam and coking coal trade and supply are consistent. PCI coal is classified as steam coal in the statistics of the following countries: France, Luxembourg and Turkey, whereas PCI coal is classified as a coking coal by the following countries: Australia, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom and the United States. Data on PCI consumption are available from 1990 (Table 5.4). PCI consumption statistics suggest that PCI consumption worldwide is increasing as steel industries in the Non-OECD countries refine their steel making technology and add new processes such as carbon injection. With the 2008 edition of Coal Information, Japan has reclassified part of its coal inputs to coke ovens as inputs to blast furnaces



4. TRADE Russia’s exports of hard coal increased by 9.6%, from 91.4 Mt in 2006 to 100.2 Mt in 2007, thus remaing the world’s third largest hard coal exporter.

Hard Coal Trade World hard coal trade rose by 6.0% or 51.6 Mt in 2007. Trade is now estimated at 917.3 Mt in 2007 compared to 865.7 Mt in 2006. Table I.6 World Hard Coal Trade [Mt]

World Asia - Pacific Europe Africa + Middle East North America Latin America Balancing Item

2006

2007e

Growth (%)

865.7 422.5 302.2 21.6 51.6 20.0 47.8

917.3 452.4 295.6 21.5 48.7 23.3 75.9

6.0% 7.1% -2.2% -0.5% -5.6% 16.5% NA

Note: There is some uncertainty in the regional breakdown of trade because the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.2 has not been allocated to the regions. The convention adopted in this book is that world trade in coal is considered equal to the sum of the exports of all countries. Because total world imports do not equal total world exports for the same period (as trade is not instantaneous) a balancing item has been introduced in Part II, Tables 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4. As a consequence the sum of imports of coal by region will not coincide with world trade.

Detailed statistics on imports and exports by origin and destination for the OECD countries are presented in Part III. Detailed coal trade statistics for the main non-OECD countries are presented in Part IV of this book. Australia remains the world's leading coal exporter with total hard coal exports reaching 243.6 Mt in 2007, 5.3% up compared to the previous year. Indonesia continues to show strong exports growth with an increase of 17.8% or 30.6 Mt to reach 202.2 Mt in 2007 and as such remains the second largest hard coal exporter in the world.

Colombia coal exports showed a 8.4% increase reaching 67.2 Mt in 2007 and became the fourth-ranking coal exporter. South African exports dropped by 3.8% or 2.6 Mt to 66.7 Mt in 2007, the country becames the world’s fifth largest exporter, closely followed by China whose exports went down for the fourth consecutive year by 15.0% to 53.7 Mt. United States saw its exports increasing by 18.9% to 53.4 Mt in 2007. Canadian coal exports increased by 10.9% (or 3.0 Mt) to 30.4 Mt and Canada is remaining the eighth largest coal exporter. After a significant drop of Polish hard coal exports in 2006, followed by a drop of Kazakhstan’s exports in 2007, Vietnam whose exports increased by 31.6% to 29.6 Mt in 2007, becomes the ninth biggest hard coal exporter. Kazakhstan is now the tenth-ranking exporter after experiencing a drop of 19.6% from 28.1 Mt to 22.6 Mt in 2007. Table I.7 Major Hard Coal Exporters [Mt] 2005

2006

2007e

Australia Indonesia Russia Colombia South Africa PR of China United States Canada Vietnam Kazakhstan Other

231.3 129.2 86.0 53.6 71.4 71.7 45.1 28.1 18.0 23.6 53.2

231.3 171.6 91.4 62.0 69.3 63.2 44.9 27.4 22.5 28.1 54.0

243.6 202.2 100.2 67.2 66.7 53.7 53.4 30.4 29.6 22.6 47.7

Total(1)

811.2

865.7

917.3

(1) See note (1) on Table I.8



Coal exports from all other countries decreased by 11.7% from 54.0 Mt to 47.7 Mt in 2007. A bulk of these exports originated in Poland, Venezuela, the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Norway and India. It should be noted that exports from the Netherlands and Belgium effectively consist of re-exported volumes. Table I.8 Major Hard Coal Importers [Mt] Japan Korea Chinese Taipei India United Kingdom PR of China Germany United States Italy Spain Turkey France Netherlands Malaysia Brazil Other

2005 177.0 76.8 60.4 38.6 44.0 26.2 37.1 27.5 24.2 24.8 17.4 19.9 20.4 12.3 13.7 173.8

2006 179.1 79.7 62.3 43.1 50.5 38.1 42.1 32.7 24.6 23.7 20.3 20.4 22.8 14.9 13.4 188.5

2007e 182.3 88.3 68.9 54.1 50.3 47.6 46.3 32.9 25.0 24.4 22.5 18.7 17.8 15.8 14.8 182.3

Total(1)

794.1

856.2

892.0

(1) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal results in some discrepancies between Table 3.2, and Tables 3.14 and 3.16 in Part II. Statistics for hard coal exports and imports presented in these tables are shown for selected countries with historic data in Part II, Tables 3.5, 3.7, 3.14 and 3.16.

Although final data for coal imports does not allow for allocation of all reported coal exports to countries world-wide, preliminary estimates indicate that total world hard coal imports which can be allocated were about 892.0 Mt in 2007, a 4.2% increase over 2006 imports of 856.2 Mt. The top five ranking coal importing countries in 2007 are, in order: Japan, Korea, Chinese Taipei, India and the United Kingdom. Hard coal imports increased in the top eleven ranking importing countries, except from the United Kingdom.

Seaborne Coal Trade The methodology used to estimate seaborne trade is described in the accompanying box. World seaborne coal trade is 833.7 Mt in 2007, of which 607.0 Mt was steam coal and 226.7 Mt was coking coal. Seaborne trade is up by 7.5% or 58.1 Mt compared to 2006. This marks the nineth consecutive year of growth for seaborne hard coal trade. The annual volume of world and seaborne trade since 1983 are shown in Part II, Table 3.1.


Table I.9 World Seaborne Hard Coal Trade [Mt] Steam Coal Coking Coal

2006 571.1 204.6

2007e 607.0 226.7

Growth (%) 6.3% -2.5%

Total

775.6

833.7

7.5%

Seaborne hard coal trade since 1984 has increased at an average rate of 5.7% per annum. The strongest component of growth has been steam coal trade, which has increased at an average annual rate of nearly 7.9%. The average annual growth rate of seaborne coking coal trade is about 2.9%. Methodology for Estimating Seaborne Coal Trade Seaborne coal trade is estimated as exports from all countries with the following exceptions. Hard coal, steam and coking coal are calculated similarly: Europe: - Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Slovak Republic excludes continental Europe main rail and inland waterways shipping routes. - Poland excludes one third of all exports to Germany and all exports to Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, the Slovak Republic, former Soviet Union and former Yugoslavia - Former Yugoslavia excludes intra-Former Yugoslavia trade Former Soviet Union Republics excludes all exports to Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and the Slovak Republic and exclude intra-Soviet Union trade North / South America: - Canada excludes to the United States - Colombia excludes to Venezuela - United States excludes to Canada, Mexico - Venezuela excludes to Colombia Asia: - China - DRP Korea - India - Myanmar - Vietnam

excludes to DRP Korea excludes to China excludes neighbouring countries except China excludes to Thailand excludes to Cambodia

Africa: - South Africa - Zimbabwe

excludes neighbouring countries excludes neighbouring countries

In 2007, the growth of seaborne steam coal trade was 6.3%, which is a volume increase of 35.9 Mt. The decrease of seaborne coking coal trade was 2.5%,which corresponds to a volume of 22.1 Mt. The breakdown between coking and steam coal statistics in world coal trade is affected by the practice of some countries, e.g. Australia that includes some steam coal (soft or semi-soft coking coal, used for blending or


as PCI) in their coking coal statistics. Some countries, e.g. Japan (See Box on Japanese coal trade classification) also report such coals as coking coal imports but other countries include this trade in their steam coal import statistics. This results in a discrepancy between reported world imports and exports of coking and steam coal. As the use of PCI and blended coal increases, and unless countries adopt a standard reporting system for coal trade, this statistical problem will render data on steam and coking coal trade increasingly misleading. A standard reporting of PCI coal using a classification based on coal quality rather then on coal end-use would be a major improvement. A Note on Japanese Coal Trade Classification In the official Japanese trade statistics collected by the Ministry of Finance (MOF), imported coal is initially classified according to its inherent properties, then allocated to either the category steam or coking coal. Bituminous coal with not more than 8% ash (on an air-dried basis) is always classified as a coking coal. Sub-bituminous coal, irrespective of its ash content, is classified as a steam coal. Bituminous coal with more than 8% ash can be classified as either a steam or coking coal, according to the judgement at the discharge port. In practice, this means for example, that Kaltim Prima coal (classified as a steam coal in Indonesian export statistics) is always classified as a coking coal by MOF, despite its possible use as a power station fuel. On the other hand METI (the Japanese Agency that submits trade data to the IEA) collects import data from coal users and classifies coal on the basis of its Free Swelling Index (FSI) and percent Volatile content as follows: FSI greater than 1 greater than 1 others

Volatile content Less than or equal to 14 Less than or equal to 23 Others

Classification coking coal coking coal Steam coal

Overland Coal Trade Coal traded overland internationally was about 83.6 Mt, and represented 9.1% of total international trade. Overland trade decreased by 6.5 Mt, or 7.2% in 2007. This trade consists primarily of trade between the United States and Canada, trade between countries within continental Europe and the former Soviet Union and trade between the successor republics of the former Soviet Union. In North America, most coal is transported to the Great Lakes via railroad from producing regions in the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains, and

taken by water-borne carriers (“lakers”) to the final point of consumption. Trade between the US and Mexico is also primarily by rail. The main inland transportation method for overland transport in Europe is by rail; however, a significant amount of coal moves by inland waterway as well. Inland international coal trade in the former Soviet Union consists of primarily rail shipments of coal from Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine to each other, and to other former members of the Soviet Union.

Steam Coal Trade Total world steam coal exports increased by 27.3 Mt or 4.2% in 2007 to reach 670.0 Mt (Part II, Table 3.3). In terms of tonnage volume, exports from Indonesia, Australia, Russia, Colombia, Vietnam and the United States rose in 2007 whereas South Africa, China, Kazakhstan and Poland experienced declining steam coal exports. In 2007, Indonesia became the largest steam coal exporter with 25.5% of world exports. Australia, Russia and Colombia followed with respective shares of 16.7%, 12.7% and 10.0% of steam coal exports. In 2007, steam coal imports in the Asia-Pacific market increased by 10.2%, or 37.7 Mt, to reach 350.4 Mt. Asia-Pacific imports represent about 52.3% of total world steam coal trade in 2007. Consumption growth in the Asia-Pacific market has underpinned international steam coal trade in the recent past. Japan remained, by far, the world's largest single market for seaborne steam coal, receiving 128.3 Mt in 2007, which represented an increase of 6.9 Mt, or 5.7%. Other major recipients in the region were Korea (65.8 Mt), Chinese Taipei (61.3 Mt), China (41.4 Mt), India (30.7 Mt), Malaysia (15.8 Mt) and Thailand (14.4 Mt). In 2007, the major steam coal suppliers to this AsiaPacific market were Indonesia, Australia, China and Russia. Steam coal exports to the European market were 227.2 Mt in 2007, 7.8 Mt or 3.3% lower than in 2006. This market represents 34% of 2007 total world steam coal trade. Within the region, the major European importers were the United Kingdom (43.5 Mt), Germany (36.7 Mt), Spain (20.8 Mt), Italy (18.7 Mt), the Netherlands (14.7 Mt) and France (13.3 Mt).



Table I.10 Major Steam Coal Exporters [Mt] 2006

2007e

Indonesia (1) Australia Russia Colombia (1) South Africa (1) PR of China Vietnam United States Kazakhstan Poland Other

147.0 110.8 81.4 62.0 68.9 58.9 22.5 19.9 26.0 13.1 32.2

170.7 111.6 85.2 67.2 65.8 50.7 29.6 24.2 22.4 9.5 33.1

Total(1)

642.7

670.0

(1) Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been ‘adjusted’ to reflect this practice, and are consistent with data in Part II, Table 3.3, but inconsistent with data in Tables 3.19 and 3.21.

Table I.11 Major Steam Coal Importers [Mt] 2006

2007e

Japan Korea Chinese Taipei United Kingdom PR of China Germany United States India Spain Italy Turkey Malaysia Netherlands Thailand France Other

121.4 59.6 57.2 43.7 33.4 33.4 31.2 25.2 20.1 18.6 14.8 14.9 18.3 11.1 14.4 142.7

128.3 65.8 61.3 43.5 41.4 36.7 31.4 30.7 20.8 18.7 17.4 15.8 14.7 14.4 13.3 130.7

Total(1)

660.0

684.9

(1) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal results in some discrepancies between Table 3.3 and Tables 3.19 and 3.21 in Part II. Statistics for steam coal imports presented in this table are shown for selected countries with historic data in Part II, Tables 3.10 and 3.12.

The 2007 main steam coal suppliers to this market were Russia, South Africa, Colombia, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Poland and Australia. In North America, steam coal shipments decreased by 4.4%, from 45.8 to 43.8 Mt in 2007. Total North American steam coal imports were down by 2.0 Mt. The largest supplier to the North American market is Colombia, ahead of Australia, the United States, Australia and Indonesia. In 2007, 8.7 Mt of steam coal were imported to Latin American countries, an increase of 24.3% over 2006. The largest suppliers to Latin America are Colombia, Indonesia, South Africa, United States and Canada.


Table I.12 World Steam Coal Trade [Mt]

World Asia - Pacific Europe North America Africa + Middle East Latin America Balancing Item

2006

2007e

Growth (%)

642.7 312.7 235.0 45.8 19.2 7.0 22.9

670.0 350.4 227.2 43.8 18.5 8.7 21.4

4.2% 12.1% -3.3% -4.4% -3.6% 24.3% NA

Note: Uncertainty in the regional breakdown of trade exists because the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.3, is not allocated to the regions. Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been adjusted to reflect this practice and are inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.19 and 3.21.

Coking Coal Trade Total world coking coal trade increased by 10.9% from 223.0 Mt to 247.2 Mt in 2007. Australia remained, by far, the largest exporter at 132.0 Mt, with exports up by 11.5 Mt compared to the previous year. Indonesia, the second-ranking coking coal exporter increased volume by 6.9 Mt from 24.6 Mt to 31.5 Mt. The third-ranking United States experienced a 4.3 Mt increase to reach 29.2 Mt of exports. The remaining market was divided among Canada, Russia, the Czech Republic, China, Poland, New Zealand and South Africa. Indonesia, South Africa and Colombia supply coals with marginal coking characteristics, but they are classified as coking coals in Table I.13 and Table I.14 since they are used in coking coal blends or for pulverised coal injection (PCI) by importing countries that classify them as coking coals. Table I.13 World Coking Coal Trade [Mt] 2006 World Asia - Pacific Europe Latin America North America Africa + Middle East Balancing Item

223.0 109.7 67.2 13.0 5.8 2.4 25.0

2007e 247.2 101.9 68.5 14.5 4.9 3.0 54.5

Growth (%) 10.9% -7.1% 1.9% 11.5% -15.5% 25% NA

Note: Uncertainty exists in the regional trade breakdown because the balancing item in Part II, Table 3.4 is not allocated to the regions. Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been adjusted to reflect this practice and are inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.18 and 3.20.


Table I.14 Major Coking Coal Exporters [Mt] 2006

2007e

Australia Indonesia (1) United States Canada Russia Czech Republic PR of China Poland New Zealand South Africa Other

120.5 24.6 24.9 24.6 10.0 4.4 4.3 3.6 2.7 0.4 3.0

132.0 31.5 29.2 26.7 14.9 4.0 3.0 2.4 2.0 0.8 0.7

Total(1)(2)

223.0

247.2

(1) Due to the practice of some OECD countries classifying steam quality coal as coking coal imports, export statistics in this table have been ‘adjusted’ to reflect this practice, and are consistent with data in Table 3.4, but inconsistent with data in Part II, Tables 3.18 and 3.20.

Table I.15 Major Coking Coal Importers [Mt]

Japan India Korea Brazil Germany Ukraine Chinese Taipei United Kingdom Italy PR of China France Turkey Spain Belgium Canada Other Total(2)

2006

2007e

57.7 17.9 20.1 9.1 8.7 7.8 5.0 6.8 6.0 4.7 6.0 5.5 3.6 3.5 4.3 29.5

54.0 23.4 22.5 10.3 9.6 8.2 7.6 6.8 6.3 6.2 5.4 5.1 3.7 3.5 3.4 31.1

196.2

207.1

(2) Rounding, differences between coal types (coking and steam) and assignment of source and destination “non-specified” coal results in some discrepancies between Table 3.4, and Tables 3.18 and 3.20 in Part II. Statistics for coking coal imports presented in this table are shown for selected countries with historic data in Tables 3.9 and 3.11.

Coking coal exports to Asia-Pacific are estimated to have declined 101.9 Mt in 2007. Within the region, Japan accounts for 53.0% of the market in 2007; and remains the world’s largest single market for seaborne coking coal. In 2007, exports to Japan reached 54.0 Mt. Other major importers in the region were India (23.4), Korea (22.5 Mt) and Chinese Taipei (7.6 Mt). The major coking coal supplier to this regional market in

2007 was Australia, with nearly 73% of supply, followed by Indonesia, Russia, China and Canada. Coking coal trade to the European market was 68.5 Mt in 2007, which is 1.9% higher than in 2006. This market accounts for about 28% of the world coking coal exports. Within the region, the major importers are Germany (9.6 Mt), Ukraine (8.2 Mt), the United Kingdom (6.8 Mt), Italy (6.3 Mt), France (5.4 Mt), Turkey (5.1 Mt), Spain (3.7 Mt) and Belgium (3.5 Mt). The Netherlands, Romania, the Slovak Republik, Poland, Sweden and Austria were the other coking coal exports recipients located in this region. The main coking coal suppliers to this market in 2007 were Australia, Indonesia, the United States, Canada and Russia. These five countries controlled 94.8% of the market. Significant quantities are also supplied by the Czech Republic (4.0 Mt) and China (3.0 Mt). Within North America a majority of coking coal trade is between Canada and the United States. About 4.9 Mt of coking coal was traded in the region in 2007. In 2007, Latin America showed a net trade of 14.5 Mt of coking coal. Brazil was the main importer of coking coal, while Chile and Argentina also reported small import volumes. The main suppliers to this regional market are the United States, Australia and Canada. These three countries control 87.6% of the Latin American export coking coal market. South Africa and Indonesia also shipped some metallurgical grade coal to this market in 2007.

Coke Oven Coke Trade The OECD countries’ imports of coke oven coke increased by 1.5% (0.3 Mt) to 18.4 Mt in 2007 (Table 3.13). Germany, the United States, Japan, Austria and France were the five major OECD coke importers in 2007, accounting for 62.0% of coke imports. Germany alone accounted for 25.5% of the OECD coke imports in 2007. Coke exports from the OECD countries were about 13.3 Mt in 2007, a decrease of 7.9% over the 2006 level (Table 3.22). Poland, the United States, Japan, Spain and the Czech Republic were the top five exporters in 2007 accounting for 80.4% of coke exports.



Coke statistics for the non-OECD countries are available for 2006. Although coke imports and exports both increased, the non-OECD countries, as a region, remained a net exporter with imports of 12.1 Mt and exports of 18.2 Mt in 2006. Within the


non-OECD countries, China (14.5 Mt) and Poland (6.3 Mt) where the main exporters while India (4.7 Mt), and Brazil (1.5 Mt) were the main importers. On its own, China accounted for 44.4% of world coke exports.


5. PRICES This section provides analyses of customs unit values and end-user prices reported by OECD Member countries: • Customs unit values are average values derived from customs’ administrations total volume and total value data. These data indicate broad price movements as they are averages of all qualities of coal without regard to the end-use of the coal or to the contract terms and conditions under which the trade occurs. • End-user prices are those paid by end-users in the power sector and in industry; and are reported by Member countries in a quarterly reporting system which the IEA’s Standing Group on Long Term Co-operation initiated in 1981. Data received are published in the IEA quarterly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Unless otherwise stated, prices are reported in US dollars in the year specified (i.e. current US dollars). Annual FOB, CIF and coal end-user prices for up to twenty three years are presented in Tables at the end of this narrative; only the most recent representative prices are shown in tabular form in the text. In addition to the official price statistics presented, coal price statistics published in the industry press are used to summarize short term spot steam coal price trends. Although not “official” in that they are not provided by member countries, there is a high correlation between prices published by the industry press and national coal price statistics.

International Steam Coal Prices Customs Unit Values Steam Coal Import Unit Values The estimated cost of steam coal imported by the OECD countries averaged $72.65/t in 2007, measured by customs unit values, showed a strong increase of

14.7% from the level of $63.34/t in 2006. This follows a drop of 2.3% in 2006 (from the level of $64.82/t in 2005). The average cost of steam coal imported into Japan was $70.92/t, an increase of 12% in 2007 from the average price level of $63.33/t in 2006. This contrasts with a slight increase of 1% in 2006 from the 2005 level of $62.73/t. The cost of steam coal imported into the European Union averaged $82.21/t, increasing 17.8% in 2007 from the average price of $69.80/t in 2006. This contrasts with a decrease of 2.1% in 2006 from the 2005 level of $71.27/t. Table I.16 Steam Coal: Import Unit Values CIF [US$/t] OECD

Japan

EU

2005 2006 2007

64.82 63.34 72.65

62.73 63.33 70.92

71.27 69.80 82.21

Change 2005 to 2006 Change 2006 to 2007

-2.3% 14.7%

1.0% 12.0%

-2.1% 17.8%

See Tables 4.3 and 4.4 for previous years for Japan and EU.

Export Unit Values Export unit values reflect the price of coal at the point of exiting a producing country; thus, the price includes the transportation cost of moving the coal from the producing mine to the point of exit; however, it excludes the international transportation cost. Export unit values summarised in the table below, and detailed in Table 4.5 are “free on board” (FOB) for Australia, Columbia, Indonesia and South Africa; and “free at shipside” (FAS) for the United States. The value in FOB countries includes the cost of loading at the port of exit, while it is excluded in the data for the United States.



Table I.17 Steam Coal: Export Unit Values (FOB/FAS) [US$/t] Average to all markets Australia Indonesia Colombia South Africa FOB FOB FOB FOB

US FAS

2005 2006 2007

48.86 47.05 51.11

44.50 47.25 60.91

51.89 51.92 57.76

46.16 46.19 51.29

67.09 55.66 52.61

Change 05 to 06 06 to 07

-3.7% 8.6%

6.2% 28.9%

0.1% 11.2%

0.0% 11.0%

-17.0% -5.5%

See Table 4.5 for previous years.

Average FOB export unit value (in US dollars) for Australia, Indonesia, Colombia and South Africa increased strongly in 2007 by 11% to 28.9%, while US FAS continued decreasing 5.5% after the 17% drop in 2006.

Comparison to Oil Import Values In some OECD Member countries, steam coal competes directly with heavy and crude oil in the power generation sector. It is therefore appropriate to compare imported steam coal and selected imported oil prices. OECD imported oil and coal costs are summarised in Figure 1 on page I.27. In 2007, the average import cost of steam coal decreased by 11.2% from $70.75/tce to $62.86/tce. In comparison the average import cost of crude oil increased by 12.0% from $310/tce to $348/tce. The Rotterdam average spot price of heavy fuel oil (3.5% sulphur) was 18.3% higher in 2007 at $246/tce than the $208/tce average in 2006, a less impressive growth compared with an increase of 50.9% in 2005 from the 2004 level of $110/tce and also less than the growth of 25.2% between 2005 and 2006. In 2006, the OECD average imported coal cost dropped by 2.2% from a level of $72.38/tce in 2005, while the average import cost of crude oil increased by 22.1%. In terms of cost per unit of energy, crude oil was 5.5 times, and high sulphur fuel oil was 3.9 times more expensive respectively than the cost of energy supplied with steam coal in 2007.

Comparison of Import and Export Unit Values Figure 2 on page I.27 summarises long term trends for Japanese and European Union import unit values and Australian, Colombian, and South African export unit


values. The intent is to show the average difference between export and import values for the three major coal exporters and the two major coal importing regions. The difference theoretically relates to average international transport costs. The chart illustrates that import values and export values tend to fluctuate in tandem—suggesting that, over the long run, international transportation rates remain relatively constant. It also shows the sharp increase in FOB unit values from major exporters, along with corresponding rises in CIF import values in the key Japanese and EU markets, beginning in the late summer of 2003. Regional variations of import values are influenced by seaborne transportation rates as well as differences in underlying coal qualities and costs.

Spot Steam Coal Prices Figure 3 and Figure 4 summarise movements in average monthly spot coal prices in two coal consuming regions and two coal producing countries. The price statistics are estimated by The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd and published in McCloskey’s Coal Report on a fortnightly basis. The estimates are based upon surveys of actual spot transactions in the importing and exporting regions. Though there are not official IEA statistics, these prices are shown here to illustrate shortterm and more recent steam coal price movements. The trend illustrated by Figure 3 indicates a surge in CIF (imported) steam coal prices, beginning in late 2003 and culminating in July 2004. After that date, prices gradually declined to reach 2003 year’s end levels by the end of 2005. Since then they have dramatically increased to reach a new record peak in May 2008, when CIF prices doubled compared to their status in July 2004. Driven by increased consumption and stagnant supply growth in the Atlantic market (EU and East/Gulf Coast North America), South Africa steam coal export prices showed a gradual upward pattern even in early 2003. After fluctuating in a narrow range in the fourth quarter of 2002 and the first quarter of 2003, steam coal prices surveyed at Richards Bay started a threefold increase and peaked by June 2004. However, prices went down during the next three quarters to resume the level of early 2004 by February 2005. Despite a short period of increases, Richards Bay export prices declined during the second half of 2005 to then increase significantly between November 2005 and March 2006, reaching its highest level since February 2004. During the first quarter of 2007, Richards Bay


export prices started to increase steeply due to increasing oil prices and a higher demand on coal for electricity generation in major consuming countries.

levels. The customs unit values surged by 4.8% in 2006, from $88.80/t to $93.10/t, and decreased by 5.0% in 2007 to $88.43/t (Table I.18).

Although prices at Newcastle, Australia (Figure 4) began rising somewhat later in 2003, they surged even more strongly in the fourth quarter of 2003. The surveys of Newcastle prices suggest and increase of 245% between April 2003 and June 2004. As in Richards Bay, prices in Newcastle fell during the second half of 2004, were fairly stable until July 2005 before falling and rising again, so that by August 2006 they were roughly at the level of August 2005. After a decrease between July and November 2006, Newcastle prices severily increased by tripeling between the low in January 2006 and the new peak in March 2008.

In the EU, the average customs unit values increased in 2006 by 14.8%, from $109.61/t to $125.86/t, and droped by 0.1% in 2007 to $125.73/t.

Figure 3 shows that delivered coal prices (CIF) experienced similar patterns of growth in 2003 and 2004 than FOB port prices. Delivered coal prices also experienced a decline until the last quarter of 2005. Delivered spot steam coal prices into the Northwest Europe then initiated an upward trend until June 2007, reaching a peak almost equal to the peak in December 2004. In the Asian market, prices increased constantly until reaching the historical peak of July 2004. Between February 2007 and May 2008, both trends are similar, recently reaching record high prices. Export prices continued to rise in 2007, reflecting a still tight supply and demand market situation where coal consumption growth remained strong. Consumption growth was particularly strong in the non-OECD countries such as China, India, and Russia. China’s strong growth in domestic consumption led to a third year of strong reduction in Chinese coal exports. The US dollar depreciation also had an indirect impact on reported US dollar denominated prices, to compensate for the appreciation of local currencies. Currency movements had also an influence on transport rates.

International Coking Coal Prices

Export unit values summarised in Table 1.19, and detailed in Table 4.6, are “free on board” (FOB) for Australia and “free at shipside” (FAS) for the United States. Thus, the value in Australia includes the cost of loading at the port of exit, while it is excluded in the data for the United States. Table I.18 Coking Coal: Import Unit Values (CIF) [US$/t] Japan

EU

2005 2006 2007

88.80 93.10 88.43

109.61 125.86 125.73

Change 2005 to 2006 Change 2006 to 2007

4.8% -5.0%

14.8% -0.1%

See Tables 4.1 and 4.2 for previous years.

In 2006, coking coal export unit values increased for Australia and the United States respectively by 10.5% and 24.3% to $98.27/t and $111.72/t, from the respective levels of $88.94/t and $89.91/t in 2005. Coking coal export unit values decreased for Australia and the United States in 2007. The value was down 14.4% for Australia to $84.16/t while for the United States, the decrease reflected similarity in respect to exports from Australia in 2007, going down 12.2% to $98.10/t. Table I.19 Coking Coal: Export Unit Values (FOB/FAS) [US$/t]

2005 2006 2007 Change 2005 to 2006 Change 2006 to 2007

Customs Unit Values In Japan, average customs unit values for coking coal imports decreased slightly in 2007 after three consecutive years of increases, reaching again 2005

Australia

US

88.94 98.27 84.16

89.91 111.72 98.10

10.5% -14.4%

24.3% -12.2%

See Table 4.6 for previous years.

Coking coal CIF prices incorporate fluctuations in shipping rates.



End-User Prices Data on coal prices paid by end-users in the power sector and in industry are reported to the OECD by Member countries in a quarterly reporting system which the IEA’s Standing Group on Long Term Co-operation initiated in 1981. Data received are published in the IEA quarterly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Data presented in US dollars in Tables 4.7, 4.8 and 4.9 have been sourced from this publication. In Part III, Table 13, where it has been reported, prices of coal used in the power sector and by industry


are shown in both national currencies and in US dollars on a tonne of coal equivalent basis. It should be stressed that definitions for prices shown for a particular energy source in a given sector may differ substantially from country to country. Although the Secretariat aims to report data that is comparable between countries, users are advised to carefully refer to the general and country-specific notes in the IEA publication, Energy Prices and Taxes, for details of sources and data coverage. End-user prices for some non-OECD countries are collected by the IEA Secretariat and are also published quarterly in Energy Prices and Taxes.


Figure 1: OECD International Trade Values for Steam Coal and Oil (US$/tce) 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50

1Q 19 8 1Q 5 19 8 1Q 6 19 8 1Q 7 19 8 1Q 8 19 8 1Q 9 19 9 1Q 0 19 9 1Q 1 19 9 1Q 2 19 9 1Q 3 19 9 1Q 4 19 9 1Q 5 19 9 1Q 6 19 9 1Q 7 19 9 1Q 8 19 9 1Q 9 20 0 1Q 0 20 0 1Q 1 20 0 1Q 2 20 0 1Q 3 20 0 1Q 4 20 0 1Q 5 20 0 1Q 6 20 0 1Q 7 20 08

0

Crude Oil (OECD CIF import cost)

Steam Coal (OECD CIF import cost)

Heavy Fuel Oil (Spot Rotterdam)

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. Notes: Spot prices for heavy fuel oil are not directly comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. They are, however, closely correlated with average CIF crude oil prices, which are, by definition comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. As a consequence, it is not unreasonable to compare customs unit values for steam coal with spot prices of heavy fuel oil. Steam coal and crude oil are IEA average and CIF import values. Steam coal excludes intra-EU trade. Heavy fuel oil is Rotterdam spot market value, 3.5% sulphur.

Figure 2: Steam Coal Import and Export Value Comparison (US$/t) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30

Japan CIF

EU Member States CIF

Australia FOB

South Africa FOB

20 07

20 06

20 05

20 04

20 03

20 02

20 01

20 00

19 99

19 98

19 97

19 96

19 95

19 94

19 93

19 92

19 91

19 90

19 89

19 88

19 87

19 86

19 85

19 84

20

Colombia FOB

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.



Figure 3: Delivered Steam Coal Prices in Europe and Asia (US$/t CIF)

Ja n Au 91 g M 91 ar O 92 ct M 92 ay D 93 ec 9 Ju 3 l9 Fe 4 b Se 9 5 p 9 Ap 5 r9 N 6 ov Ju 96 n Ja 97 n Au 98 g M 98 ar O 99 ct M 99 ay D 00 ec 0 Ju 0 l0 Fe 1 b Se 0 2 p 0 Ap 2 r0 N 3 ov Ju 03 n Ja 04 n Au 05 g M 05 ar O 06 ct M 06 ay D 07 ec 07

170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

McCloskey Northwest Europe CIF

McCloskey Asian CIF

Source: The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd, McCloskey’s Coal Report

Figure 4: FOB Port Steam Coal Prices in South Africa and Australia (US$/t FOB) 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

Ja n M 97 ay Se 97 p Ja 97 n M 98 ay Se 98 p Ja 98 n M 99 ay Se 99 p Ja 99 n M 00 ay Se 00 p Ja 00 n M 01 ay Se 01 p Ja 01 n M 02 ay Se 02 p Ja 02 n M 03 ay Se 03 p Ja 03 n M 04 ay Se 04 p Ja 04 n M 05 ay Se 05 p Ja 05 n M 06 ay Se 06 p Ja 06 n M 07 ay Se 07 p Ja 07 n M 08 ay 08

0

South Africa (Richards Bay)

Source: The McCloskey Coal Group Ltd, McCloskey’s Coal Report


Australia (Newcastle)


6. CO2 EMISSIONS (2005)

OECD emissions from fossil fuels increased from 9.4 Gt in 1971 to 11.1 Gt in 1990 and 12.9 Gt in 2005, which represents average annual growth rates of 0.9% between 1971 and 1990 and 1.1% between 1990 and 2005. As a result, the share of the OECD countries in total world CO2 emissions declined from 66% in 1971 to 53% in 1990 and 51% in 2005. Conversely, the share of the non-OECD countries in total world CO2 emissions rose from 30% in 1971 to 44% in 1990 and 46% in 2005, while the share of international aviation and marine bunkers (which cannot be attributed to a region) remained stable around 3%.

Figure 5: World CO2 Emissions by Fuel 12 10

Gt CO2

8 6 4 2 0 19 7 19 1 7 19 3 75 19 77 19 7 19 9 81 19 8 19 3 8 19 5 87 19 8 19 9 91 19 9 19 3 9 19 5 97 19 99 20 01 20 0 20 3 05

The yearly growth in the emissions from fossil fuels averaged 2.1% between 1971 and 1990 while it averaged 1.7% between 1990 and 2005. This lower pace of growth after 1990 is in part related to the collapse of the formerly centrally-planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe, which led to a rapid decline in inefficient industrial sectors and restructuring of these economies. Other important factors include the use of more efficient technologies and renewable energy sources. While emissions increased on average by 1.1% between 1990 and 2000, they rose much quicker between 2000 and 2005, at an average pace of 2.9%, being driven by coal use in China.

onward. The non-OECD countries more than tripled their coal-related emissions from 2.1 Gt in 1971 to 6.6 Gt in 2005, whereas the increase in the OECD was of 37% from 3.1 Gt in 1971 to 4.3 Gt in 2005.

Coal

Oil

Other

Figure 6: World CO2 Emissions by Region 30 25 46%

20 44%

15

3%

10

30% 4%

3%

5

66%

53%

51%

0 1971

The increase in coal-related emissions was bigger in the non-OECD countries, which became responsible for the majority of coal-related emissions from 1992

Gas

Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

Gt CO2

World CO2 emissions from fossil fuels increased by 92.2% between 1971 and 2005, going from 14.1 Gt in 1971 to 21.0 Gt in 1990 and 27.1 Gt in 2005. Over the same period, coal-related emissions increased by 104% from 5.2 Gt in 1971 to 8.3 Gt in 1990 and 11.0 Gt in 2005, then accounting for 40.6% of CO2 emissions from fossil fuels. Coal is since 2004 the first source of world CO2 emissions ahead of oil and natural gas.

OECD

1990 Bunkers

2005 Non OECD




Figure 7: OECD CO2 Emissions by Fuel - Shares

Figure 8: Coal-related CO2 Emissions by Region

70%

12

60%

10

50% 8 Gt CO2

40% 30% 20%

61% 51%

6 4

41%

10% 2

0%

Oil

Natural Gas

49%

39%

1990

2005

0

19 71 19 73 19 7 19 5 77 19 79 19 81 19 8 19 3 85 19 87 19 89 19 9 19 1 93 19 95 19 97 19 99 20 01 20 03 20 05 Coal

59%

1971

Other

OECD

Non OECD



CO2 emissions have been clearly linked to economic growth as shows the example of China, where strongly increasing electricity production is the main driver for record high CO2 emissions. Coal consumption for electricity generation more than doubled in China between 2001 and 2006. World CO2 emissions have also been influenced by changes in international energy prices. Oil has been the largest contributor to world emissions until 2003, even though the upward trend was interrupted by the oil shocks of 1974 and 1979. Following the decline in oil prices after 1985, growth in emissions was mitigated because consuming countries adopted more energy-efficient technologies and behaviour, and some fuel switching. Oil, as the main contributor to OECD emissions, generated 44% of the CO2 emissions in 2005. As the OECD countries started diversifying their energy consumption after the two oil shocks, the share of oil in the CO2 emissions gradually declined and fell below the 50% line in 1980.

industries and construction increased by 56.3%, from 1.6 Gt in 1971 to 2.5 Gt in 2005. Emissions due to the other sectors (including transport) were almost cut by half between 1971 and 2005, falling from 1.2 Gt in 1971 to 0.7 Gt in 2005. As a result, the electricity and heat generation share of world coal-related CO2 emissions increased from 46% in 1971 to 71% in 2005, whereas the share of manufacturing industries and construction fell from 31% in 1971 to 23% in 2005. The decline in the share of other emissions was stronger, falling from 23% to 6% over the period.

World coal-related CO2 emissions due to electricity and heat generation more than tripled between 1971 and 2005, from 2.4 Gt in 1971 to 7.9 Gt in 2005. During the same period, emissions due to manufacturing


12 6% 10 23% 8 Gt CO2

Within the OECD, coal is the second source of CO2 emissions: between 1971 and 1985, coal was used as the main substitute to oil and its share increased, especially between 1978 and 1985, from its lowest point (31%) to its highest point (39%). After 1985, the share of coal declined regularly and by 2005 essentially returned to its 1971 level (34%).

Figure 9: World Coal-related CO2 Emissions by Sector

14% 27%

6 4

23%

71%

31% 59%

2 46% 0 1971

1990

2005

Other* Manufacturing Industries and Construction Electricity and Heat Production

* Other includes residential, transport, commercial/public services, agriculture, other enrgy industries and non-specified h



7. CO2 CAPTURE AND STORAGE INTERNATIONAL PROGRESS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS The “CO2 Capture and Storage – international progress and future prospects” workshop was organized by the IEA Coal Industry Advisory Board (CIAB) in November 2007. The workshop report was coordinated by Brian Ricketts of the Energy Diversification Division of the Office for Long-Term Co-operation and Policy Analysis and the following extract is provided to acquaint the readers of Coal Information with other ongoing coal-related policy work at the IEA. Various studies, along with other information on the Coal Industry Advisory Board (CIAB) activities can be viewed on the websites of the CIAB (www.ciab.org.uk) and the IEA (www.iea.org/ciab). The views expressed are not necessarily shared by member governments of the IEA.

Policy Recommendations In order to achieve the ambitious reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets set in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC reports and elsewhere, near-zero emission technologies must be applied to nearly all large stationary sources, including fossil fuel-fired power plants, large steel mills, oil refineries and chemical plants by 2050. Moreover, these technologies need to be economically viable in both the developed and developing world. Given the high-growth trajectory of energy consumption in developing economies, it will be difficult to achieve these targets without significantly accelerating the deployment of large-scale GHG emission reduction technologies. Setting these new goals means that the performance priorities for clean coal technologies (CCT) need to be altered.

The past imperative to accelerate the spread of CCTs is similar to the current imperative to reduce GHG emissions and contain the temperature rise effects of global climate change. These efforts are ongoing, and deployment of CCTs in the developing world is a critical part of the overall effort. The coal sector is already reducing its GHG “footprint” by stimulating deployment of more efficient combustion technologies. Experience gained with earlier and current CCTs provides a pathway for a more dramatic response to meet the GHG emission reduction targets proposed by national and international leaders. This needs to be followed with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies – for as the MIT study concludes, “… the priority objective with respect to coal should be the successful large-scale demonstration of the technical, economic, and environmental performance of the technologies that make up all of the major components of a large-scale integrated CCS system – capture, transportation and storage.” (MIT, 2007, p. xi). Accelerated deployment of CCS is becoming more likely due to endorsements by recent major studies. In late 2005, an IPCC Special Report noted that CCS was a good technology to apply to large, single-point sources of CO2, including natural gas- and coal-fired power plants as well as biomass energy facilities, natural gas production, fossil fuel-based hydrogen production plants, synthetic fuel plants and major CO2 emitting industries such as cement, oil refining, petrochemicals and iron and steel (IPCC, 2005). Also in 2005, the G8 Summit at Gleneagles requested that the IEA and the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) study definitions, costs and scope for “capture-ready” plant and consider economic incentives.



The summit leaders recommended research on the options for geological storage of CO2 (G8, 2005). The IEA has noted that the cost of CCS is estimated to be between USD 40 and USD 90 per tonne of CO2 captured and stored; and that with the most costeffective technologies, capture costs are as low as USD 20-40 per tonne of CO2 (IEA, 2006a). Transport would add as much as a further USD 10/tonne. The IEA concluded that the future cost for CCS will depend on which technologies are used, how they are applied and how far costs fall as a result of R&D and learning realised during market uptake. A number of features of CCS technologies, noted by the IPCC, the IEA and The Stern Review, make them particularly attractive: • CCS technology is not limited to power production, but can be used to mitigate CO2 emissions from chemical plants, steel mills, oil refineries and petrochemical plants; • Where there are old and depleted oil fields, the use of CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) offers a dual advantage of sequestering GHGs and increasing oil resource recovery; enhancement of coalbed methane recovery through CO2 injection offers similar benefits. • CCS technology has the potential to actually remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by growing biomass for energy production purposes and capturing the CO2 released when it is burned or otherwise utilised (Obersteiner, 2002).

CCS as a Clean Coal Technology The IEA has identified five groups of CCTs which have the capability to dramatically reduce CO2 emissions from coal-fired generation: • Coal upgrading (e.g. washing/drying, briquetting); • Efficiency improvements at existing power plants; • Advanced technologies (e.g. IGCC); • Near-zero emission technologies (carbon capture);

efficiency and pollution control equipment performance, whilst moving to research, develop and deploy more advanced systems for carbon dioxide capture and storage. CCS involves three main steps: CO2 capture from a large-scale stationary source, transportation to an injection sink and underground geological storage. These steps will be discussed as follows.

Near-Zero Emission Technologies – Carbon Capture Up to the mid-1990s, before global climate change gained a high profile, CCT drivers were aimed primarily at the first three tiers of technologies identified by the IEA. Subsequent to the signing of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, attention shifted from controlling emissions of particulates, sulphur dioxide, smog precursors and mercury, to efficiency and CO2 capture and storage. Although many CCT projects – especially in developing countries – continue to target conventional pollutant emissions, the focus of CCT development in OECD countries has turned to “nearzero” emission technologies intended to decarbonise coal combustion. The research, development and deployment effort for these systems is in progress, with some governments, multilateral agencies and industrial entities taking steps to move their focus away from conventional pollutant emissions and economic performance, to a focus on meeting GHG emission reduction targets. Demonstration projects already funded include oxy-fuel and post-combustion capture. Many other projects, small and large, are in progress around the world, including in China and other developing countries. CO2 capture is required in certain industrial processes and has been used for almost a century. For example, CO2 is captured in the purification of natural gas and from the production of hydrogen-containing syngas in the manufacture of ammonia, alcohols and synthetic liquid fuels. Natural gas purification and ammonia production are commercial-scale operations. Indeed, much of the current CO2 storage experience has come from the large-scale disposal of CO2 associated with natural gas production.

• CO2 transport and storage.

There are three main approaches to CO2 capture for power plant applications:

The range and complexity of these five groups suggests a pathway or experience curve which builds upon ongoing efforts to improve fuel combustion

• Post-combustion systems separate CO2 gas produced by “airblown” combustion of any fossil fuel or biomass;



• Pre-combustion systems process the primary fuel in a reactor or gasifier to produce synthesis gas (syngas) which is then converted and separated into two gas streams – CO2 for storage and hydrogen as fuel for a gas turbine, a transport fuel or as chemical feedstock; • Oxy-fuel combustion systems, which use “oxygenblown” combustion to produce a flue gas with a much higher concentration of CO2 than conventional air-blown combustion. CO2 recovery from air-blown fossil fuel combustion involves the separation and capture of CO2, at low concentration, from a flue gas. There are several commercially available process technologies for CO2 capture from flue gases. An absorption process, based on chemical solvents, is currently viewed as the preferred option for post-combustion CO2 capture. At present, this offers the highest capture efficiency, with the lowest energy use and cost, when compared with other post-combustion capture processes. Absorption processes are operated commercially, but have not been applied at the scale required for large coal-fired power plants. Currently, there are a number of international R&D and pilot-scale projects that aim to address performance and scale-up issues. Applying pre-combustion CO2 capture to coal gasifiers requires the addition of a shift reactor to produce a mix of hydrogen and CO2, followed by separation of the CO2 and its further compression for transport. Individual components of pre-combustion CO2 capture have been successfully used at scale in industry for many years. For oxy-fuel combustion, all of the major components exist at industrial scale, but their integration into a combustion process has not been demonstrated at anything larger than laboratory scale. Experience suggests that there is no significant difference from air combustion; however, there is yet to be a pilot-scale integration of all the major components. A key concern with the oxy-fuel process is the high energy demand for air separation in order to provide the necessary oxygen stream. Oxy-fuel enables CO2 capture by direct compression of the flue gas without further chemical capture or separation; however, the “purity” of the gas (in terms of SOx and NOx contaminants) could be a limiting factor if CO2 sequestration standards are limited to a very clean gas. The oxy-fuel process also has the capability to be retrofitted onto existing power plants, but may have limited application

in this area due to the high parasitic energy penalty of the air separation process. Nevertheless, the process has considerable potential for new installations.

CO2 Transport and Storage In emphasising CO2 transport and storage, the CIAB notes that, while fuel combustion efficiency, equipment performance and CO2 capture technologies all aim to reduce CO2 emissions, for CCS to be successful, the development effort must provide for efficient transport and long-term storage of CO2 away from the atmosphere. Pipeline transport of CO2 is generally more costeffective than the alternatives (trucking/ sea shipping), especially for distances less than 1000km. A network of CO2 pipelines has been operating in the United States for more than two decades, with a proven track record of safety. The cost of transportation depends on terrain and pipeline configurations, pressure requirements, distance and CO2 volumes2. Proposals exist to store CO2 in saline formations, depleted oil and gas fields, deep coal seams and in shale and basalt formations. While there is experience with transport and storage at some locations, mainly associated with enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and processing of natural gas, much effort is needed to optimise site selection for large-scale storage and enhance confidence in storage security. Research needs include: detailed geological assessments of prospective sites, improved understanding and forecasting of CO2 dispersion in geological media to determine permanence and security of storage, and accelerated studies of the technologies that might be used for long-term measurement, monitoring and verification of CO2 storage sites.

Commercial and Policy Drivers for CCS – CIAB View In addition to these research requirements, a concurrent effort to develop balanced regulatory frameworks for CO2 storage and monitoring are a critical part of a successful CCS programme. This should include the development of viable options for national and international standards covering the selection, operation and monitoring of CO2 storage sites.

2. Energy Technology Perspectives 2008, OECD/IEA, 2008



In order for CCS technologies to be implemented successfully within the next four decades, the process used to improve coal’s environmental performance and maintain its commercial viability to date needs to be intensified. Elements of this process include: • Establishing a clear, balanced legal framework for CO2 transport and storage; • Promoting public understanding and acceptance of CO2 capture and storage (CCS); • Funding CCS research, development and deployment; • Establishing tax incentives and loan guarantees for CCS R,D&D and commercial projects; • Supporting commercial opportunities for use of CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and enhanced coalbed methane production as a means of developing CCS technology and infrastructure; • Promoting commercial opportunities in transport fuel and chemical production from coal as a means of developing CCS technology and infrastructure; • Supporting market-based responses, such as GHG cap-and-trade systems, to speed the ultimate commercialisation of CCS; • Encouraging mandatory price supports and feed-in tariffs based on the avoided emissions from systems with CCS;


• Promoting participation of emerging economies in CCS development and deployment.

These elements were discussed by CIAB members at their Plenary meeting in November 2007. At the meeting, members: • Emphasised the need for government support in the early stages of the process; • Reinforced the need for capital support, and for governments to assist in funding, particularly against the current backdrop of escalating capital costs; • Supported cap-and-trade systems in the later stages of the CCS development and commercialisation process; • Saw participation of the emerging economies as crucial, with loan subsidies through the World Bank being a possible means of encouraging their involvement; • Specifically requested that the IEA take all possible steps to ensure that a methodology is developed and agreed for CCS to become eligible for Clean Development Mechanism credits under the Kyoto Protocol. More information regarding carbon capture and storage can be found on the websites of the CIAB (www.ciab.org.uk) and the IEA (www.iea.org/ciab).

COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART II - II.1

PART II WORLD COAL OVERVIEW



1. PRODUCTION



Table 1.1 World Hard Coal Production(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia(2) Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic(3) France Germany Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2) Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States(2) IEA Total OECD Total Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Morocco Mozambique Nigeria South Africa United Rep. of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Peru Venezuela

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

55483 10362 12337 27780 26350 104407 1186 64 25090 13571 2578 1829 2325 415 156630 221 9991 12 4642 131985 530064 1114744 1117322 333 130 565 394 327 62352 940 2806 160 451 1015 1374 2834 33 50

72389 8018 20173 27721 20190 94492 883 60 18027 18625 3089 1930 288 193121 177 12838 18 3598 130097 710178 1332823 1335912 3 138 680 207 176 115120 1 570 2768 196 390 1748 1125 4164 41 42

117504 7666 34310 26401 17055 88849 592 57 16381 22543 5193 101 2279 507 191642 237 16091 13 3605 94111 735935 1375879 1381072 23 437 121 775 35 140 173500 15 511 3104 317 400 1661 1291 8766 127 40

158572 2357 37673 14383 11199 76553 169 25 58 7979 17217 6933 2424 303 147736 281 14612 11 2745 92762 853647 1440706 1447639 794 126 526 40 90 174800 4 377 5345 332 276 637 2184 21375 97 2189

191055 1 637 38621 10824 8495 58858 1 6317 5720 9320 3214 292 137166 13497 2248 53037 858627 1388610 1397930 898 93 650 38 20 206211 44 152 4693 344 305 240 1038 25651 51 4064

239429 375 33805 8136 3804 37376 2964 4150 11344 3643 632 103331 11317 2392 31198 893972 1376524 1387868 948 96 58 31 16 3 224200 79 194 4260 614 259 159 366 38242 17 7885

274854 129 26609 7865 2234 28753 250 3298 9599 4928 2944 102874 9406 2059 28279 893928 1388410 1398009 824 104 37 37 23 238751 55 223 3550 614 89 171 576 50481 16 6807

285854 181 29262 7316 872 29151 98 3191 9882 4916 2904 101230 8911 1946 25096 943343 1444271 1454153 897 107 33 17 3 242821 65 233 3415 630 51 341 188 54184 22 6748

300190 109 30741 7136 617 28018 95 2832 10755 5021 1471 97904 8548 2170 20498 962440 1467790 1478545 967 120 25 3 8 244986 75 244 3621 607 25 528 544 59064 43 7195

299715 29 29900 7748 452 23762 21 2824 11487 5516 2395 95223 8353 2319 18528 991473 1488258 1499745 1008 124 25 41 8 244784 80 244 3447 630 427 219 396 65596 107 7338

323000 32809 7674 380 24185 20 2886 11042 4576 3995 90224 7871 2492 18528 980787 1499427 1510469 936 116 12 28 8 243572 68 168 3748 726 164 664 800 71658 128 8395


II.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART II

Table 1.1 World Hard Coal Production(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia PR of China Bulgaria Romania Croatia Serbia and Montenegro Former Yugoslavia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2003 2004 76588 111000 150468 211184 268280 311428 358444 380072 149 304 1852 6814 35547 62849 96705 119154 23198 34106 40000 35693 23700 22500 23045 24371 100 121 346 153 344 480 595 1290 70 78 95 10 11 43 40 12 468 802 839 6 17 11 9 1143 1569 2238 2745 3638 3095 3275 4587 39 325 1261 1243 1287 1351 1837 2479 3327 2574 1858 472 235 83 5 2990 5200 5594 4638 8350 11609 16700 25500 117 511 151 108 74 277 370 375 417000 620150 837272 1050734 1343004 1231232 1670192 1955986 351 267 223 143 194 118 87 33 7172 8060 8657 4446 359 281 10 x x x 156 75 x x x 137 55 88 54 72 576 388 400 x x x x x x x x 1103 34 7 8 8 x x x 128000 80754 74886 80807 83065 x x x 1495 183 104 49 49 x x x 237514 162411 152538 177435 189758 x x x 475 14 9 32 53 x x x 143483 74002 61601 63742 59129 x x x 200 74 69 510600 553000 569000 x x x x x 903 925 1106 835 1084 1246 1204 1220

2005 404461 145355 26864 802 105 993 9 4871 2877 32396 384 2158908 9 95 x 5 82788 49 209213 76 60007 x 1330

2006 428247 193388 27161 1056 129 1006 9 3643 2353 37899 411 2320207 27 x 9 91576 45 210418 87 61439 x 1520

2007e 451592 231162 28552 1016 104 992 12 5032 2356 44580 1392 2549183 19 144 x 9 83100 149 241400 84 58756 x 1560

Non OECD Total 1117927 1465759 1811866 2041545 2249280 2213699 2797398 3156953 3449652 3705104 4032385 World 2235249 2801671 3192938 3489184 3647210 3601567 4195407 4611106 4928197 5204849 5542854 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Hard coal represents higher grade coal and includes coking coal, anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal. (3) In the 2008 edition, the Czech Administration changed the classification between bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal (3) and lignite for 1990 onwards.



Table 1.2 World Coking Coal Production (thousand tonnes)

1978 Australia Belgium Canada Czech Republic France Germany Hungary Japan Mexico New Zealand Norway Poland Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States IEA Total OECD Total Algeria South Africa United Rep. of Tanzania Zimbabwe Brazil Colombia India Indonesia DPR of Korea PR of China Bulgaria Romania Georgia Kazakhstan Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran

40273 3805 13780 18553 4664 52239 861 8659 3085 11 227 1800 2964 15110 92201 255147 258232 9718 946 1317 705 13938 3415 52604 2134 x x x x x 139250 678

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

42743 55933 65008 79703 4036 3484 14151 24371 27660 28624 17403 16465 14383 10824 4114 3388 1821 439 56036 51401 44577 31686 883 592 169 6943 3921 3089 3713 2963 1645 173 319 578 1553 160 174 28714 1333 907 279 2435 2247 1824 929 10050 2608 1600 599 117716 89463 93259 77166 278176 255273 251158 260237 281265 258986 254121 261882 3 23 10605 11142 9308 10165 1 1 991 269 612 621 1545 1407 499 106 716 745 775 681 18055 25847 36088 28803 103 286 1767 3836 2500 2543 68222 68370 85657 148015 1828 3825 1482 349 x x 574 x x 29983 12756 x x 85458 55645 x x 7 x x 62283 25783 143534 134985 x x 842 1006 760 914

104434 28164 8136 18862 2214 1644 17222 735 255 54287 233739 235953 3204 813 15 587 22088 4114 123969 13 10687 51035 27844 x 910

113017 24077 7865 17274 1626 2250 16147 689 373 40005 221697 223323 1206 677 59 507 21781 15096 166029 36 10 11040 56551 26344 x 917

117849 25509 7316 16635 1735 2468 16525 664 352 44222 231540 233275 1247 651 214 525 22422 9231 225697 11018 61143 26179 x 810

129328 26613 7136 15171 1792 2446 14071 648 274 46444 242131 243923 1640 690 210 514 23584 10702 280648 10981 55505 23166 x 930

125154 26000 7748 13113 1914 2766 14573 631 266 44599 234850 236764 1663 657 136 517 23747 24482 338972 12113 54027 23051 x 1020

141900 28522 7674 13753 2029 1924 13636 714 266 47307 255696 257725 1655 714 412 565 24701 31463 356115 10992 61982 22044 x 1047

Non OECD Total 224705 250177 250222 316309 285613 245279 300253 359137 408570 480385 511690 World 482937 531442 509208 570430 547495 481232 523576 592412 652493 717149 769415 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries



Table 1.3 World Steam Coal Production(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia(2) Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic(3) France Germany Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2) Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States(2) IEA Total OECD Total Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Morocco Mozambique Nigeria South Africa United Rep. of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Peru Venezuela

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

55483 10362 12337 27780 26350 104407 1186 64 25090 13571 2578 1829 2325 415 156630 221 9991 12 4642 131985 530064 1114744 1117322 333 130 565 394 327 62352 940 2806 160 451 1015 1374 2834 33 50

29646 3982 6022 10318 16076 38456 60 11084 18625 1757 128 193121 177 11505 18 1163 120047 592462 1054647 1054647 138 680 207 176 104515 1 570 1777 196 390 203 1125 3448 41 42

61571 4182 9939 9936 13667 37448 57 12460 22543 1480 101 1960 333 191642 237 15184 13 1358 91503 646472 1120606 1122086 437 121 775 35 140 162358 15 511 2835 317 400 254 1291 8021 127 40

93564 2357 10013 9378 31976 25 58 7979 17217 3970 1846 303 147736 281 14333 11 921 91162 760388 1189548 1193518 794 126 526 40 90 165492 3 377 4733 332 276 138 2184 20600 97 2189

111352 1 637 9997 8056 27172 1 6317 5720 7675 1661 292 108452 13497 1319 52438 781461 1128373 1136048 898 93 650 38 20 196046 43 152 4072 344 305 134 1038 24970 51 4064

134995 375 5641 3804 18514 2964 4150 9130 1999 632 86109 11317 1657 30943 839685 1142785 1151915 948 96 58 31 16 3 220996 79 194 3447 614 259 144 366 37655 17 7885

161837 129 2532 2234 11479 250 3298 7973 2678 2944 86727 9406 1370 27906 853923 1166713 1174686 824 104 37 37 23 237545 55 223 2873 614 89 112 576 49974 16 6807

168005 181 3753 872 12516 98 3191 8147 2448 2904 84705 8911 1282 24744 899121 1212731 1220878 897 107 33 17 3 241574 65 233 2764 630 51 127 188 53659 22 6748

170862 109 4128 617 12847 95 2832 8963 2575 1471 83833 8548 1522 20224 915996 1225659 1234622 967 120 25 3 8 243346 75 244 2931 607 25 318 544 58550 43 7195

174561 29 3900 452 10649 21 2824 9573 2750 2395 80650 8353 1688 18262 946874 1253408 1262981 1008 124 25 41 8 243121 80 244 2790 630 427 83 396 65079 107 7338

181100 4287 380 10432 20 2886 9013 2652 3995 76588 7871 1778 18262 933480 1243731 1252744 936 116 12 28 8 241917 68 168 3034 726 164 252 800 71093 128 8395



Table 1.3 World Steam Coal Production(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia PR of China Bulgaria Romania Croatia Serbia and Montenegro Former Yugoslavia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran

1973 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 76588 92945 124621 175096 239477 289340 336663 357650 380877 404500 149 304 1749 6528 33780 58735 81609 109923 134653 168906 23198 30270 37500 33150 23700 22500 23045 24371 26864 27161 100 121 346 153 344 802 1056 480 595 1290 70 78 95 105 129 10 11 43 40 12 468 802 839 993 1006 6 17 11 9 9 9 1143 1569 2238 2745 3638 3095 3275 4587 4871 3643 39 325 1261 1243 1287 1351 1837 2479 2877 2353 3327 2574 1858 472 235 83 5 2990 5200 5594 4638 8350 11609 16700 25500 32396 37899 117 511 151 108 74 277 370 375 384 411 417000 551928 768902 965077 1194989 1107263 1504163 1730289 1878260 1981235 351 267 223 143 194 118 51 33 9 27 7172 6232 4832 2964 10 268 x x x 156 75 x x x 137 55 88 54 72 95 576 388 400 x x x x x x x x x x 529 34 7 8 8 5 9 x x x 98017 67998 64199 69767 72047 71807 79463 x x x 1495 183 104 49 49 49 45 x x x 152056 106766 101503 120884 128615 153708 156391 x x x 475 7 9 32 53 76 87 x x x 81200 48219 33757 37398 32950 36841 38388 x x x 200 74 69 510600 409466 434015 x x x x x x x 903 83 100 75 170 336 287 410 400 500

2007e 426891 199699 28552 1016 104 992 12 5032 2356 44580 1392 2193068 19 144 x 9 72108 149 179418 84 36712 x 513

Non OECD Total 1117927 1215582 1561644 1725236 1963667 1968420 2497145 2797816 3041082 3224719 3520695 World 2235249 2270229 2683730 2918754 3099715 3120335 3671831 4018694 4275704 4487700 4773439 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. It includes anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal. (3) In the 2008 edition, the Czech Administration changed the classification between bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal (3) and lignite for 1990 onwards.



Table 1.4 World Brown Coal Production(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia Austria Canada(2) Czech Republic(2) France Germany Greece Hungary(2) Italy Japan New Zealand Poland Slovak Republic Spain(2) Turkey(2) United States IEA Total OECD Total Brazil Chile India Indonesia DPR of Korea Mongolia Myanmar Philippines Thailand Other Asia Albania Bulgaria Romania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Estonia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Israel

1973

1980

1985

24121 3328 8135 75965 2764 366409 13301 25925 1190 100 143 39215 5804 3003 7754 12948 590105 590105 1324 61 3320 7000 361 2206 811 26459 17679 x x x x x 31874 x x x x x x x 157000 -

32894 2865 16515 89086 2560 389726 23198 25142 1286 27 208 36866 5796 15454 15027 42783 699433 699433 3494 40 5110 10000 27 1525 3985 1420 29946 27104 x x x x x 40913 x x x x x x x 163000 -

38380 3081 26543 94636 1839 434037 35888 23500 1892 247 57746 5731 23572 36392 65701 849185 849185 6051 35 8040 148 12000 6043 43 4 5188 2150 30657 37924 x x x x x 68072 x x x x x x x 157000 -

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

45990 50752 67293 66809 66343 67152 67737 72251 2448 1297 1249 1152 235 30659 36360 35358 35545 36735 36759 36540 36552 87015 64077 57026 56041 56760 54890 54705 54509 2333 1401 296 9 357468 192756 167691 179085 181926 177907 176321 180409 51896 57662 63887 68299 70041 69398 64521 64431 17661 14588 14033 13301 11242 9570 9952 9813 956 172 14 161 231 213 252 239 246 251 260 67584 63547 59484 60920 61198 61636 60844 57538 4766 3759 3648 3097 2952 2511 2201 2112 21070 14808 12154 11156 11576 10933 10094 9307 44683 52825 60876 46504 44431 56170 61936 70004 79914 78471 77619 78350 75786 76151 76429 71232 814604 632706 620841 620520 619464 623323 621531 628418 814604 632706 620841 620520 619464 623323 621531 628418 3958 4959 6553 4475 5065 5727 5669 5720 40 14074 22146 24247 27958 30411 30228 31285 32845 3672 5598 13755 23021 22900 25697 27794 28000 10660 7600 7243 7179 7340 7746 7946 8956 6562 3729 5115 5588 6770 7412 7945 7412 38 23 112 176 213 367 380 328 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12421 18416 17708 18843 20060 20878 19001 17869 2071 80 30 81 109 92 92 116 31532 30636 26314 27248 26452 24686 25651 28312 33737 40762 29004 33053 31792 31106 34923 35507 19670 1640 7439 8934 8884 9119 10125 9540 18 7 6644 7249 7516 7382 7245 6881 6639 5040 45800 40540 37006 40225 41085 35149 36780 35578 5583 4884 4480 4830 4809 4540 4522 4564 x x x x x x x x 22486 12433 11727 14892 13993 14591 14095 16879 3443 3740 2558 4099 3810 3798 4655 3300 2140 280 321 352 397 286 276 252 134385 83317 87786 79544 69186 73668 74148 72300 450 27 13 15 15 15 15 12 9280 2296 802 490 460 354 232 280 6200 2980 2500 1913 2699 3003 3126 3300 x x x x x x x x 303 470 390 437 439 429 452 612

Non OECD Total 248095 286564 333355 375170 293815 292622 310738 304137 305775 315754 316748 World 838200 985997 1182540 1189774 926521 913463 931258 923601 929098 937285 945166 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Brown coal represents lower grade coal and includes lignite.


(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.


Table 1.5 OECD Production of Coke Oven Coke(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD Pacific

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

4983 1719 7774 5370 9383 11881 41614 400 1082 7665 52300 318 2021 2655 20 282 16938 269 1500 4475 533 1251 17776 62803

4991 1729 6048 5250 8725 11120 35492 247 975 8264 47463 2965 2447 2455 13 349 19598 216 1598 3900 1188 1937 10060 41850

3603 1751 5964 4684 8328 8691 30171 607 7410 48621 5253 2924 2958 5 313 15828 275 1909 3440 1203 2711 9276 25992

4495 1725 5420 3708 7125 487 7197 21926 672 6356 51118 8800 2384 2736 13516 230 2340 3211 1084 3158 8350 25053

4617 1448 3696 3283 4963 920 5566 11102 1033 5185 44778 10593 2148 2895 11578 331 1861 2438 1149 3131 6274 21545

3739 1385 3104 3242 3411 910 5234 9115 937 4504 41220 12288 2100 2127 8972 371 1706 2470 1146 2925 6206 18876

3316 1395 2861 3175 3556 895 4601 7827 593 3827 42133 10417 1462 2154 10112 1886 2494 1288 2878 4601 15579

3852 1400 2965 3340 3548 904 4542 8479 664 4062 41707 10667 1445 2205 10097 1883 2839 1372 2990 4335 15340

3990 1388 2856 3305 3412 894 4445 8397 614 4574 42644 8935 1492 2238 8404 1846 2662 1411 2992 4364 15168

3585 1398 2895 3199 3428 870 4689 8372 921 4688 43732 9888 1570 2162 9613 1856 2839 1188 3213 4682 14881

4567 1404 2662 3098 3258 865 4848 8441 1017 4728 50381 9926 1539 2190 10389 1854 2742 1194 3220 4192 14698

127197 113901 100835 127197 113901 100835 68173 47100 30676 70194 49547 33600 57621 55432 57482

85533 85533 28761 31145 64413

63570 63570 24828 26976 59988

54523 54523 22118 24218 57247

50968 50968 18754 20216 55866

52285 52285 18680 20125 56226

50497 50497 18473 19965 55569

52814 52814 18080 19650 57205

53004 53004 17796 19335 64874

IEA Total 252991 216433 188993 178707 148386 133888 125588 127191 124539 128099 135674 OECD Total 255012 218880 191917 181091 150534 135988 127050 128636 126031 129669 137213 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.



2. CONSUMPTION



Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Australia(2)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States(2)

27292 34422 39980 49299 51739 60830 62438 64909 72917 73691 75459 2856 2871 3178 4159 3392 3725 4309 4329 4039 4229 4400 17169 17004 15576 16153 12394 11046 8663 8382 7551 7183 6402 17556 21361 21522 18886 15900 22503 17250 18806 20769 16230 16900 27780 23937 22030 9941 6648 4972 4592 4576 4370 4387 4787 3146 9669 11935 9992 11003 6641 9533 7327 6293 9172 7963 3035 5692 5318 5648 6540 5193 8862 8082 4598 7612 6881 40289 48080 36507 28791 22611 21801 20942 20553 21142 19069 20190 105801 96385 93466 86965 74224 68963 66382 67922 63952 65538 70097 651 545 1750 1380 1480 1121 833 776 563 463 370 2137 1695 1043 971 1402 1280 1140 1299 1341 1851 1951 1 12 69 65 65 101 85 104 117 91 86 822 1066 1586 3198 2689 2944 2731 2806 2870 2588 2381 11603 17024 21894 21327 17446 18013 21146 24280 24240 24798 24952 81690 87699 109391 114960 133564 153190 166417 180802 176982 179095 182254 16329 27790 42505 44776 44634 66548 77321 79954 82272 84709 92092 305 346 199 197 217 171 106 129 111 153 109 2894 3973 5317 6881 10243 12290 16025 13442 17132 16853 16851 4794 5973 10276 14032 14660 12928 13667 13551 13009 12648 12196 2317 1768 1810 2002 1938 1779 3257 3490 3935 3909 2825 772 951 1118 749 1018 1035 812 914 795 637 678 122097 164009 159894 119926 107823 83371 85368 83915 80438 86130 87419 805 604 1050 4397 5708 6154 5362 5514 5476 5467 4713 5834 5373 5809 5879 5330 4656 5090 5151 4983 5148 5120 13260 16531 25198 26047 27488 32804 31476 33981 32948 29395 33070 1060 2138 4158 3709 3444 2861 2923 3329 3070 3235 3159 258 315 640 481 245 173 181 177 183 152 159 4595 4630 6189 8146 8548 15526 17535 18904 19421 22798 25067 133527 123610 105980 106722 75916 59868 62865 60568 61802 67283 69761 492567 608038 682608 736926 782788 892126 901276 934614 953585 941276 956936

IEA Europe OECD Europe IEA North America OECD North America OECD/IEA Pacific

502596 502597 510123 513017 127628

Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic(3) Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea(2) Luxembourg Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2)

IEA Total OECD Total

548448 548460 629399 633372 151679

534794 534863 704130 709447 193686

478810 478875 755812 762693 211037

410226 410291 798688 808931 231875

365246 365347 914629 926919 282347

374518 374603 918526 934551 309433

376465 376569 953420 966862 329155

363195 363312 974354 991486 336106

379936 380027 957506 974359 341404

391825 391911 973836 990687 352630

1140347 1329526 1432610 1445659 1440789 1562222 1602477 1659040 1673655 1678846 1718291 1143242 1333511 1437996 1452605 1451097 1574613 1618587 1672586 1690904 1695790 1735228



Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Kenya Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Senegal South Africa United Rep. of Tanzania Tunisia Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Panama Peru Uruguay Venezuela Other Latin America Bangladesh Hong Kong (China) India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Singapore Sri Lanka Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia PR of China

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

63 93 1226 1005 632 689 974 988 898 948 916 466 815 912 1041 850 899 969 1033 951 170 167 156 169 136 134 144 153 163 173 166 477 894 1192 1340 1540 1820 1810 1850 1777 1713 1758 70 16 90 151 96 66 92 108 89 120 90 582 635 1110 1774 2665 4018 4890 5541 5882 5877 5958 587 288 106 58 56 28 16 3 47 46 55 53 55 289 151 94 55 20 3 23 3 8 8 8 127 152 167 130 60408 86961 125870 124900 147205 157135 166571 178995 175403 177105 178492 1 15 4 44 79 55 65 75 80 68 33 21 21 15 941 618 471 375 148 128 145 153 161 171 168 2758 2614 3026 5355 4494 4297 3587 3452 3698 3521 3788 222 278 379 454 444 877 872 1002 998 1037 1023 1072 1425 1247 1367 1439 1058 927 937 1383 1254 1593 2842 6354 9870 10650 12080 13457 12907 14594 14270 13764 15465 1711 1678 1792 3721 3390 4784 3957 4874 4852 5402 5882 2859 4135 4630 4825 5608 4231 4293 3635 4173 3815 4506 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 45 90 126 153 63 15 13 12 12 22 23 224 17 80 93 1057 777 476 704 735 22 215 369 461 588 616 674 61 12 135 169 174 183 190 181 52 55 72 85 93 60 32 40 13 32 32 51 60 86 74 107 149 389 708 926 1065 1075 850 712 32 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 53 42 42 355 7 181 59 52 52 94 150 243 235 98 563 642 660 700 700 700 700 700 12 3 5523 8928 9109 6058 10676 10691 10824 11403 12173 73410 108622 154347 211533 278553 338729 371580 411237 430693 459760 504445 129 237 771 1943 4746 5600 6614 13287 15445 21201 29000 23580 34456 42200 37793 24340 22241 22452 22966 24235 24860 25051 13 76 517 1936 2303 3298 7628 10682 12728 15302 16746 480 595 1290 70 78 95 105 129 104 74 221 223 80 15 38 113 119 124 128 732 78 83 17 81 129 430 291 257 410 420 512 1270 1667 2954 4245 4723 4045 6064 7894 7714 7894 7786 40 303 2416 2421 3129 8589 8259 9067 10643 9998 10342 245 1 8 5 1 96 95 95 95 100 3572 5956 10981 17170 26370 44816 54891 57134 59367 61847 68921 1 94 212 250 2315 3684 6835 7472 8479 11104 14410 2770 4052 4990 3951 5917 7808 10400 14900 14510 15727 15418 220 657 345 303 221 564 706 683 700 748 783 414180 626010 803907 1050951 1316890 1214956 1582255 1886367 2098830 2305093 2543124



Table 2.1 World Hard Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Albania Bulgaria Cyprus Malta Romania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Republic of Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran Israel Lebanon Syria United Arab Emirates

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

89 160 220 302 6136 6999 8277 6046 3443 3379 4200 4265 4361 4259 4271 74 97 97 49 53 57 52 54 79 192 300 52 11 8490 12009 14705 9351 5065 2649 2610 3025 3041 2796 4687 x x x 299 592 626 666 x x x 1150 143 623 1030 1106 1057 987 1606 x x x 129 142 67 75 9 3 57 507 x x x 137 55 218 194 202 162 62 144 x x x 32 20 11 54 45 49 46 643 2540 3790 5089 x x x x x x x x x x x 552 3 27 1 x x x 200 6 x x x 2389 1125 504 294 234 168 132 175 x x x 382 85 87 44 58 56 70 148 x x x 1323 44 27 12 14 18 16 19 x x x 85806 61195 50568 55620 58450 59606 63765 63648 x x x 4014 505 830 1128 1000 887 817 946 x x x 917 252 97 101 98 120 130 124 x x x 1303 372 130 271 263 284 396 352 x x x 4510 1315 181 220 186 167 194 190 x x x 240033 163266 142222 146074 144978 141438 145771 152435 x x x 1044 14 16 40 60 82 94 84 x x x 670 x x x 139440 86898 65887 71127 64464 63614 68237 67268 x x x 2740 81 69 490220 529110 543430 x x x x x x x x 948 1783 1444 1061 1546 1879 1800 1560 1810 1930 1696 2927 3720 6568 10591 12666 12875 12124 12175 12584 1 1 180 200 200 200 200 200 19 1 1 70 170

Non OECD Total 1103331 1443087 1758694 2008204 2194739 2137171 2592301 2967099 3202948 3467935 3786793 World 2246573 2776598 3196690 3460809 3645836 3711784 4210888 4639685 4893852 5163725 5522021 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Hard coal represents higher grade coal and includes coking coal, anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal. (3) In the 2008 edition, the Czech Administration changed the classification between bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal (3) and lignite for 1990 onwards.



Table 2.2 World Coking Coal Consumption (thousand tonnes)

1978

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

7216 2006 7524 6776 12567 12980 41881 213 1740 9909 58724 2009 4053 2953 414 423 2180 4863 1227 3429 14988 68885

7049 2371 8010 7321 12166 7 14570 50293 384 1695 11237 70203 3987 3973 3521 8 432 363 2336 5407 1654 3407 11628 61457

5476 2391 8086 6483 11365 6 11332 47825 1043 20 7 10165 73456 6959 3837 4061 6 394 370 2790 4908 1620 4825 11122 37246

5932 2337 7157 5023 9941 711 9669 42216 971 13 14 8633 64934 11735 2911 4391 219 313 3136 4456 1515 5335 10517 35269

5874 1908 4737 4417 6648 1650 7739 33993 1402 7 6966 59796 16305 1875 4894 17405 455 2745 3312 1646 4658 8487 29934

4799 1878 4045 4461 4972 1284 6543 24462 1280 14 6658 57081 19415 932 4047 13332 497 2597 3556 1772 7042 8853 25963

4683 1898 3414 4642 4577 1225 5532 23005 779 11 5173 57744 20216 641 4385 13773 2828 3600 1735 5581 6907 21939

5132 1904 3627 4591 4526 1364 6753 23667 861 18 5083 60884 21027 437 4617 13684 2852 3902 1790 5312 6482 21462

5354 1899 3263 4289 4334 1401 6222 22193 808 14 5630 56530 20883 248 4699 11157 2738 3463 1847 5585 6510 20893

4678 1892 3753 5113 4334 1073 5987 21690 1301 6089 57672 20734 257 4391 12977 2850 3556 2217 5929 7046 20902

5959 1900 3488 5187 4746 1241 5317 23000 1458 6356 53993 21736 267 3135 13656 2854 3649 2167 5832 7046 20524


119297 129481 122310 111312 108645 119297 129481 122330 111325 108652 75661 68778 43729 40292 34351 79714 72751 47566 43203 36226 67949 81247 85897 82820 81975

92818 92832 30424 31356 81295

84412 84423 26581 27222 82643

86424 86442 26053 26490 87043

81749 81763 25182 25430 82767

85085 85085 26015 26272 83084

85845 85845 25711 25978 81688


262907 279506 251936 234424 224971 204537 193636 199520 189698 194184 193244 266960 283479 255793 237348 226853 205483 194288 199975 189960 194441 193511

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States



Table 2.2 World Coking Coal Consumption (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1978

1980

1985

Algeria 50 93 1226 Egypt 975 894 1192 South Africa 7018 7158 6000 United Republic of Tanzania Zimbabwe 946 991 269 Argentina 990 801 826 Brazil 4869 6154 9602 Chile 385 454 427 Colombia 705 716 745 Guatemala Jamaica Peru 40 49 50 India 15757 15441 28149 DPR of Korea 3857 4286 5000 Pakistan 16 98 716 Philippines Singapore Chinese Taipei 1386 1513 2453 Vietnam PR of China 52304 66822 62873 Albania 25 25 33 Bulgaria 1921 1926 1553 Romania 5734 5228 7825 Bosnia and Herzegovina x x x Croatia x x x F.Y.R. of Macedonia x x x Slovenia x x x Former Yugoslavia 1447 3402 4689 Georgia x x x Kazakhstan x x x Kyrgyzstan x x x Republic of Moldova x x x Russia x x x Tajikistan x x x Ukraine x x x Former USSR 129250 131534 123985 Islam. Rep. of Iran 1107 1700 1344 Israel -

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

1005 632 689 974 988 898 948 916 1339 1540 1820 1810 1850 1777 1713 1735 5675 4220 2569 2208 2011 2975 2876 2412 1 1 612 621 813 677 651 690 657 714 1121 589 558 825 726 789 788 989 10489 11094 9936 9371 10003 9742 9379 10743 477 704 909 1207 1145 1129 1203 1095 775 681 587 507 525 514 517 565 180 188 225 52 55 72 85 93 60 32 40 37 51 44 37 18 39491 39409 35852 35381 38298 39041 41083 48075 5143 1040 101 162 166 175 180 220 1102 1085 950 781 1272 565 311 623 641 245 4147 4064 5068 5426 5227 5040 5007 7585 36 80968 140670 119979 154510 225294 282365 339626 359324 62 1854 1693 1325 1224 1174 1051 947 667 5082 5047 2257 2591 2954 2963 2738 2829 299 592 626 666 747 592 117 70 67 65 1 x x x x x x x x 686 6 29983 10853 10294 11040 11018 8670 10014 10831 3 2 53885 50669 43938 46257 49197 44991 44622 47061 7 2 2 2 2 2 54508 31642 30581 30660 32266 29821 30311 29814 x x x x x x x x 986 1388 1605 1533 1270 1450 1480 1183 125

Non OECD Total 228782 249285 258957 300345 307831 270016 307333 386450 435480 495250 529951 World 495742 532764 514750 537693 534684 475499 501621 586425 625440 689691 723462 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries



Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Australia(2)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States(2)

27292 27373 34504 43367 45865 56031 57755 59777 67563 69013 69500 2856 500 787 1822 1484 1847 2411 2425 2140 2337 2500 17169 8994 7490 8996 7657 7001 5249 4755 4288 3430 2914 17556 14040 15039 13863 11483 18042 12608 14215 16480 11117 11713 27780 11771 10665 15 50 36 53 41 3146 9662 11929 9992 11003 6641 9533 7327 6293 9172 7963 3035 5692 5318 4937 4890 3909 7637 6718 3197 6539 5640 40289 33510 25175 19122 14872 15258 15410 13800 14920 13082 14873 105801 46092 45641 44749 40231 44501 43377 44255 41759 43848 47097 651 161 1750 1380 1480 1121 833 776 563 463 370 2137 361 438 533 550 493 1 12 49 52 58 87 74 86 103 91 86 822 1066 1579 3184 2689 2944 2731 2806 2870 2588 2381 11603 5787 11729 12694 10480 11355 15973 19197 18610 18709 18596 81690 17496 35935 50026 73768 96109 108673 119918 120452 121423 128261 16329 23803 35546 33041 28329 47133 57105 58927 61389 63975 70356 305 346 199 197 217 171 106 129 111 153 109 2894 1480 3970 8368 11358 15384 13005 16884 16596 16584 4794 2452 6215 9641 9766 8881 9282 8934 8310 8257 9061 2317 1760 1804 1783 1938 1779 3257 3490 3935 3909 2825 772 519 724 749 1018 1035 812 914 795 637 678 122097 164009 159894 119926 90418 70039 71595 70231 69281 73153 73763 805 241 680 4084 5253 5657 5362 5514 5476 5467 4713 5834 3037 3019 2743 2585 2059 2262 2299 2245 2298 2266 13260 11124 20290 21591 24176 29248 27876 30079 29485 25839 29421 1060 484 2538 2194 1798 1089 1188 1539 1223 1018 992 258 315 640 481 245 173 181 177 183 152 159 4595 1223 1364 2811 3890 8484 11954 13592 13836 16869 19235 133527 111982 94858 96205 67429 51015 55958 54086 55292 60237 62715 492567 546581 645362 701657 752854 866163 879337 913152 932692 920374 936412


502596 502597 510123 513017 127628

Austria Belgium(2) Canada Czech Republic(3) Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico(2) Netherlands New Zealand(2) Norway Poland Portugal(2)


418967 418979 560621 560621 70432

412484 412533 660401 661881 107789

367498 367550 715520 719490 128217

301581 301639 764337 772705 149900

272428 272515 884205 895563 201052

290106 290180 891945 907329 226790

290041 290127 927367 940372 242112

281446 281549 949172 966056 253339

294851 294942 931491 948087 258320

305980 306066 948125 964709 270942

1140347 1050020 1180674 1211235 1215818 1357685 1408841 1459520 1483957 1484662 1525047 1143242 1050032 1182203 1215257 1224244 1369130 1424299 1472611 1500944 1501349 1541717



Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Algeria Botswana Dem. Rep. of Congo Egypt Kenya Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Senegal South Africa United Rep. of Tanzania Tunisia Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Panama Peru Uruguay Venezuela Other Latin America Bangladesh Hong Kong (China) India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines Singapore Sri Lanka Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia PR of China

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

63 466 815 912 1041 850 899 969 1033 951 170 167 156 169 136 134 144 153 163 173 166 477 1 23 70 16 90 151 96 66 92 108 89 120 90 582 635 1110 1774 2665 4018 4890 5541 5882 5877 5958 587 288 106 58 56 28 16 3 47 46 55 53 55 289 151 94 55 20 3 23 3 8 8 8 127 152 167 130 60408 79803 119870 119225 142985 154566 164363 176984 172428 174229 176080 1 15 3 43 79 55 65 75 80 68 33 21 21 15 941 618 471 375 148 128 145 153 161 171 168 2758 1623 2757 4743 3873 3484 2910 2801 3008 2864 3074 222 278 379 454 444 877 872 1002 998 1037 1023 1072 624 421 246 850 500 102 211 594 466 604 2842 200 268 161 986 3521 3536 4591 4528 4385 4722 1711 1224 1365 3244 2686 3875 2750 3729 3723 4199 4787 2859 3419 3885 4050 4927 3644 3786 3110 3659 3298 3941 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 45 90 126 153 63 15 13 12 12 22 23 224 17 80 93 1057 777 476 704 735 22 215 369 461 408 428 449 61 12 135 169 174 183 190 181 13 32 32 51 60 86 25 57 112 338 664 889 1047 1075 850 712 32 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 53 42 42 355 7 181 59 52 52 94 150 243 235 98 563 642 660 700 700 700 700 700 12 3 5523 8928 9109 6058 10676 10691 10824 11403 12173 73410 93181 126198 172042 239144 302877 336199 372939 391652 418677 456370 129 237 771 1943 4746 5600 6614 13287 15445 21201 29000 23580 30170 37200 32650 23300 22140 22290 22800 24060 24680 24831 13 76 517 1936 2303 3298 7628 10682 12728 15302 16746 480 595 1290 70 78 95 105 129 104 74 221 223 80 15 38 113 119 124 128 732 78 83 17 81 129 430 291 257 410 420 512 1270 1569 2238 3143 3638 3095 5283 6622 7149 7583 7163 40 303 2416 2421 3129 8589 8259 9067 10643 9998 9701 1 8 5 1 96 95 95 95 100 3572 4443 8528 13023 22306 39748 49465 51907 54327 56840 61336 1 94 212 250 2315 3684 6835 7472 8479 11104 14410 2770 4052 4990 3951 5917 7808 10400 14900 14510 15727 15382 220 657 345 303 221 564 706 683 700 748 783 414180 559188 741034 969983 1176220 1094977 1427745 1661073 1816465 1965467 2183800



Table 2.3 World Steam Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Albania Bulgaria Cyprus Malta Romania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Republic of Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Islam. Rep. of Iran Israel Lebanon Syria United Arab Emirates

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

89 135 187 240 6136 5073 6724 4192 1750 74 97 97 192 300 52 8490 6781 6880 4269 18 x x x x x x 403 143 x x x 12 72 x x x 137 55 x x x 31 20 2540 388 400 x x x x x 552 3 x x x 200 6 x x x 2389 1125 x x x 382 85 x x x 637 38 x x x 55823 50342 x x x 4014 505 x x x 917 252 x x x 1303 372 x x x 4510 1315 x x x 186148 112597 x x x 1044 7 x x x 670 x x x 84932 55256 x x x 2740 81 490220 397576 419445 x x 948 83 100 75 158 2927 3720 6568 1 1 180 1 1 -

2054 49 392 623 218 11 x 504 87 27 40274 830 97 130 181 98284 14 35306 69 x 274 10591 200 -

2976 53 19 1030 10 194 54 x 27 294 44 12 44580 1128 101 271 220 99817 38 40467 x 267 12666 200 -

3091 57 71 1106 9 202 45 x 234 58 14 47432 997 98 263 186 95781 58 32198 x 290 12875 200 -

2005

2006

2007e

3310 3312 3604 52 54 79 11 78 58 1858 1057 987 1014 3 57 507 162 62 144 49 46 643 x x x 1 168 132 175 56 70 148 18 16 19 50936 53751 52817 887 817 946 120 130 124 284 396 352 167 192 190 96447 101149 105374 80 92 84 33793 37926 37454 x x x 360 450 513 12124 12175 12459 200 200 19 70 170

Non OECD Total 1103331 1193802 1499737 1707859 1886908 1867155 2284968 2580649 2767468 2972685 3256842 World 2246573 2243834 2681940 2923116 3111152 3236285 3709267 4053260 4268412 4474034 4798559 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. It includes anthracite and bituminous coal. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal. (3) In the 2008 edition, the Czech Administration changed the classification between bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal (3) and lignite for 1990 onwards.



Table 2.4 World Brown Coal Consumption(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Australia Austria Belgium Canada(2) Czech Republic(2)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

United States

24121 32894 38380 45990 50752 67293 66809 66343 67152 67737 72452 3328 3274 3868 2504 1743 1380 1629 1194 1270 753 57 95 275 276 195 220 188 190 206 290 317 8058 15911 26653 30260 36734 40465 44784 40943 42138 42764 44487 75965 79822 83854 81891 59832 56117 53874 52714 52473 53041 53126 2775 2570 2418 2094 1516 355 51 40 36 36 51 372497 391753 432521 364050 194811 169942 179758 181948 177892 176378 180471 13000 22692 36214 52053 56962 64564 70069 70855 70096 64332 64228 26896 25849 24583 19334 15528 14477 13547 12173 10247 10181 10081 38 45 36 48 42 53 9 14 1299 1385 2041 1089 196 30 8 9 8 8 5 100 27 28 2 4 4 4 3 3 3 20 156 103 69 29 44 39 44 50 35 55 143 208 264 207 250 261 297 284 276 280 285 34282 35308 57565 67391 63196 59488 60871 61175 61589 60800 57530 12784 16039 15784 12481 7221 4213 3960 3589 3307 3168 2955 3062 14691 23242 20776 15054 12850 11399 11823 11550 10103 9502 13 8 6 4 4 39 86 85 7642 15801 35301 46178 52471 64406 46387 45545 57315 60786 69654 12948 42129 62063 79023 80764 74265 78892 76119 76136 75785 72118


553550 609463 717769 670237 468807 553550 609463 717769 670237 468807 21006 58040 88716 109283 117498 21006 58040 88716 109283 117500 24364 33129 38644 46197 51002


598920 700632 845129 825717 637307 630412 632614 625034 631833 626572 637473 598920 700632 845129 825717 637309 630416 632618 625038 631836 626575 637476

France Germany Greece Hungary(2) Ireland Italy Japan Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Slovak Republic Spain(2) Switzerland Turkey(2)

448128 448128 114730 114734 67554

441832 441832 123676 123680 67106

441345 441345 117062 117066 66627

446131 446131 118274 118277 67428

440006 440006 118549 118552 68017

448131 448131 116605 116608 72737



Table 2.4 World Brown Coal Consumption(1) (continued) (thousand tonnes)

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Brazil Chile India Indonesia DPR of Korea Mongolia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Other Asia Albania Bulgaria Cyprus Romania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia F.Y.R. of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Former Yugoslavia Estonia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Russia Tajikistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Former USSR Israel

1280 2788 6991 4786 61 40 35 40 3762 5059 7913 14985 163 4422 7000 10000 12000 10660 5687 6054 27 43 38 4 3 1 1 2 361 1525 5132 12457 2206 4200 810 1420 2150 1843 26311 29704 30657 31778 17690 27364 38404 36872 x x x 19670 x x x 743 x x x 6808 x x x 45800 x x x 6058 31356 40516 68217 x x x x 25954 x x x 3443 x x x 2140 x x x 3 x x x x x x 134047 x x x 450 x x x 7983 x x x 6200 157138 163030 157015 x 303

5040 22298 5598 7600 3914 23 3 18496 80 30873 40635 1640 188 7293 40550 5219 x 14561 3630 287 82065 27 3000 2947 x 470

6813 24825 13755 7243 5142 59 3 17586 73 25844 29313 7437 80 7702 37106 4914 x 13232 2480 339 1 88257 13 793 2438 x 390

4827 28490 23021 7179 5084 66 3 17964 90 27485 34321 8413 93 7486 40273 5290 x 15477 3960 351 78103 15 488 1866 x 437

5236 30033 22900 7340 5094 69 3 3 20548 118 26292 1 32574 8402 83 7551 41239 5329 x 15503 3561 475 1 72060 15 634 2633 x 439

5734 30239 25697 7746 5367 72 3 21046 105 24870 1 32961 8865 83 7470 35237 5143 x 14804 3281 452 3 73156 15 409 2930 x 429

6259 30808 27794 7946 5562 111 3 18852 105 25775 1 37627 9871 84 6823 37367 5185 x 14028 4207 436 3 73929 15 233 3050 x 452

5720 32845 28000 8956 5812 118 17869 130 27862 36654 9340 84 5290 35828 5131 x 16879 2900 402 5 21 71930 12 280 3305 x 612

Non OECD Total World

247976 285674 334411 383542 296437 295838 310782 308136 306118 316526 315985 846896 986306 1179540 1209259 933746 926254 943400 933174 937954 943101 953461

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries (1) Brown coal represents lower grade coal and includes lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions. (2) Includes sub-bituminous coal.



Table 2.5 OECD Consumption of Coke Oven Coke(1) (thousand tonnes)



1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

4983 2681 8429 5454 5913 96 877 14783 37220 414 2317 13 7099 51800 356 3235 2173 2657 20 826 14212 306 2422 5349 1900 185 1251 17034 64235

5077 2674 6542 5519 6244 116 1224 13180 32691 261 2243 16 8 7379 45795 3086 2282 2494 2363 13 849 17849 317 1642 3917 1618 131 1954 7296 37446

3520 2993 5789 5212 6472 68 1218 10353 29657 55 2000 34 22 7258 44859 5359 1854 3022 2539 6 881 14671 401 2126 3758 1494 82 2803 9209 26553

3300 2403 5265 3412 5713 40 1272 7714 21127 42 1183 30 29 6413 49890 8800 1447 2528 2339 529 9854 240 2833 3365 1422 43 3256 8244 25230

3952 2354 4287 3682 3857 43 1192 6219 14879 12 990 18 6 5656 41939 10593 521 2951 2387 500 8294 296 1964 3131 1496 31 3201 6517 22180

3456 2436 3928 3429 3144 40 1443 6119 14982 1 804 47 5041 41604 12288 3591 2002 559 5762 323 1815 1923 1495 27 3592 6502 21085

2914 2517 2974 3333 3300 30 1428 5620 13256 4 750 53 5130 42183 10842 2437 2198 358 4935 10 2114 1962 1747 25 3422 5298 17632

2972 2500 3137 3667 3339 45 1412 5045 12990 4 783 52 4988 42937 11356 2596 2161 461 4990 8 2075 2025 1778 20 3333 5389 20406

3014 2760 2951 3361 2949 34 1416 5043 12209 4 751 33 5271 43191 9276 2611 2082 356 3399 5 1984 2027 1701 20 3428 5307 16547

2825 2775 2863 3247 3191 35 1410 5594 11880 3 736 26 5099 44425 10202 2745 1903 420 3948 4 2209 1932 1433 19 3648 5720 17041

4567 2858 2517 3823 3175 38 1391 5030 13079 12 770 18 4895 51324 10477 2690 2163 437 4141 4 2143 1962 1502 22 3609 5106 15667

129219 112780 105703 129219 112796 105737 69689 42965 31765 71862 45459 34787 57159 53971 53744

84773 84803 28642 31170 61990

67833 67851 25862 28813 56484

61938 61985 24514 28105 57348

57078 57131 20965 23402 55939

56483 56535 24073 26669 57265

53697 53730 19908 22519 55481

54822 54848 20288 23033 57452

54854 54872 19490 22180 66368

256067 209716 191212 175405 150179 143800 133982 137821 129086 132562 140712 IEA Total 258240 212226 194268 177963 153148 147438 136472 140469 131730 135333 143420 OECD Total Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.



3. TRADE



Table 3.1 World and Seaborne Coal Trade (million tonnes) Steam Coal

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Coking Coal

Hard Coal

Total

Seaborne

Total

Seaborne

Total

Seaborne

250.6 274.1 269.7 270.0 286.6 288.0 299.0 287.8 287.6 253.0 267.7 297.2 317.7 339.9 361.9 357.6 421.2 454.0 464.1 513.0 551.3 595.1 642.7 670.0

110.7 142.2 143.5 143.1 155.3 166.2 183.2 201.1 210.1 198.2 217.4 247.9 271.3 284.6 292.5 302.4 356.5 384.7 407.6 445.3 489.0 532.1 571.1 607.0

181.9 185.1 172.9 174.3 191.9 190.9 199.3 193.3 172.8 186.5 182.9 196.0 195.0 200.7 186.2 185.0 186.9 199.1 187.6 205.9 210.0 216.1 223.0 247.2

126.6 134.6 130.5 133.7 149.8 154.1 154.5 164.3 153.9 160.6 163.2 174.3 174.7 181.6 171.3 172.4 171.3 181.3 172.4 190.5 191.3 196.6 204.6 226.7

432.5 459.2 442.6 444.2 478.5 478.9 498.4 481.0 460.5 439.6 450.6 493.2 512.7 540.5 548.1 542.6 608.1 653.1 651.7 718.9 761.3 811.2 865.7 917.3

237.4 276.8 274.1 276.7 305.0 320.3 337.7 365.4 364.0 358.8 380.6 422.2 446.0 466.2 463.8 474.8 527.9 566.0 580.0 635.8 680.3 728.7 775.6 833.7

Table 3.2 World Total Hard Coal Trade Japan

Other

(million tonnes) Other Africa + OECD North

Balancing

World

Europe

Australia 105.8 114.8 74.0 77.6 28.6 30.5 1.1 Canada 8.8 11.3 6.5 0.2 7.2 7.6 0.1 Poland - 18.4 13.5 0.1 United States 0.2 0.0 1.5 1.0 16.7 19.0 2.3 Other OECD 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 9.2 12.5 0.4 Total OECD 115.8 126.5 82.4 79.3 80.1 83.0 3.9 China 19.5 13.0 37.6 35.9 2.3 2.4 0.0 Colombia 0.0 0.7 26.1 29.5 0.2 Indonesia 31.9 29.7 111.5 136.6 20.6 16.4 0.3 Kazakhstan 0.0 0.2 0.2 26.6 Russia 9.4 11.2 8.7 8.2 59.6 62.7 13.4 South Africa 0.1 0.3 3.2 9.4 55.4 51.6 0.2 Other Non-OECD 2.4 1.7 29.7 35.0 13.2 12.2 2.2 Tot. Imp./Exp. 179.1 182.3 243.4 270.1 257.5 257.9 44.7 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources. Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes:

Latin

America America Item Europe(1) Mid. East 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 Asia

Exporters

OECD

1.2

1.2

1.3

6.6

4.7

4.5

4.9

9.6

8.7 231.3 243.6

-

0.2

0.2

2.3

2.0

2.3

2.2

0.0

7.0

27.4

30.4

0.0

0.2

-

-

-

0.1

-

-2.0

-1.7

16.7

11.8

3.2

1.2

4.1

10.5

8.8

4.4

6.7

8.0

10.6

44.9

53.4

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.2

0.1

1.1

1.1

8.9

3.3

21.3

18.2

4.7

2.9

6.0

19.6

15.6

12.3

14.8

24.4

-

0.0

-

0.1

0.0

0.2

0.3

3.6

2.0

63.2

53.7

0.4

5.3

5.7

23.5

25.5

3.3

4.8

3.6

0.6

62.0

67.2

0.8

0.2

0.1

2.9

3.3

2.2

1.9

2.0

27.6 341.6 357.4

13.5 171.6 202.2

12.8

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.3

9.6

18.8

0.5

0.0

1.1

0.4

1.0

0.1

-2.3

-1.3

28.1

22.6

91.4 100.2

0.2

12.7

9.8

0.1

-

1.1

1.4

-3.5

-6.0

69.3

66.7

2.9

0.0

-

4.4

3.9

2.5

1.2

-15.7

-9.4

38.6

47.4

37.7

21.6

21.5

51.6

48.7

20.0

23.3

47.8

75.9 865.7 917.3

Data in columns OECD Europe, Japan and North America are import statistics. Data in rows Australia to Total OECD (except for above mentioned columns) are export statistics. Data in column World are export statistics. All other data are based on national and international sources and estimates. The sum of coking coal and steam coal may not add up to total hard coal due to rounding, which may also result in discrepancies among tables 3.2 to 3.4 and other trade data in this publication.

(1) Includes Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.



Table 3.3 World Steam Coal Trade Japan

Other

(million tonnes) Other Africa+

Latin

Balancing

World

Europe

Australia 70.8 79.1 38.9 39.2 6.5 7.8 0.8 Canada 5.9 8.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 Poland - 14.3 9.6 0.1 United States 0.2 0.5 0.1 3.4 4.9 1.0 Other OECD 0.7 0.0 0.0 4.6 7.5 0.1 Total OECD 77.5 87.3 39.9 39.3 29.0 30.1 2.0 China 13.7 11.5 33.6 33.3 2.0 2.4 0.0 Colombia 0.0 0.7 25.9 29.3 0.2 Indonesia 21.3 20.0 107.5 132.8 20.6 16.4 0.3 Kazakhstan 0.0 0.2 0.2 26.2 Russia 6.5 7.6 7.5 7.4 57.0 60.3 4.7 South Africa 0.1 0.3 2.9 8.7 55.3 51.3 0.2 Other Non-OECD 2.4 1.6 28.2 31.7 11.5 11.4 1.8 Tot. Imp./Exp. 121.4 128.3 191.3 222.1 201.4 201.3 33.6 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources. Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes:

OECD North

America America Item Europe(1) Mid. East 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 Asia

Exporters

OECD

0.8

0.3

0.3

6.5

4.7

0.1

0.1

-13.2

-

-

0.2

0.8

0.5

0.3

0.4

-5.0

-5.7

2.8

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-1.3

-0.1

13.1

9.5

1.1

0.2

2.2

6.4

5.5

0.2

0.5

8.1

9.7

19.9

24.2

4.4

14.1

12.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

8.5

2.1

0.5

3.0

14.0

10.8

0.6

1.0

-2.8

-20.4 110.8 111.6 3.7

-12.3 160.7 161.1

-

0.0

-

0.1

0.0

-

0.1

9.5

3.3

58.9

50.7

0.4

5.3

5.7

23.5

25.4

3.1

4.7

4.0

1.0

62.0

67.2

0.8

0.2

0.1

2.9

3.3

2.1

1.7

-7.9

-4.3 147.0 170.7

12.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.4

10.2

26.0

22.4

10.3

0.5

0.0

1.1

0.4

1.0

0.1

3.2

-0.9

81.4

85.2

0.2

12.7

9.8

0.1

-

0.3

1.2

-2.7

-5.6

68.9

65.8

2.6

0.0

-

4.3

3.9

2.3

1.2

-12.7

-5.4

37.9

46.9

25.9

19.2

18.5

45.8

43.8

7.0

8.7

22.9

21.4 642.7 670.0


Table 3.4 World Coking Coal Trade Japan

Other

OECD

Asia

Europe

(million tonnes) Africa+ Other (1)

Mid. East

OECD North

Latin

Balancing

America

America

Item

World

Europe 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 Exporters Australia(2) 34.9 35.7 35.1 38.4 22.1 22.7 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.0 0.1 4.4 4.8 22.7 29.1 120.5 132.0 Canada 2.9 3.1 6.0 0.2 7.0 7.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.8 5.0 12.7 24.6 26.7 Poland 4.1 3.9 0.2 0.1 -0.8 -1.5 3.6 2.4 United States 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.9 13.3 14.1 1.2 2.1 1.0 1.9 4.1 3.3 4.2 6.1 -0.1 0.8 24.9 29.2 Other OECD 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 4.6 5.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.4 -1.1 7.2 6.1 Total OECD 38.2 39.3 42.5 40.0 51.1 52.9 2.0 2.6 2.4 3.0 5.7 4.8 11.7 13.9 27.2 39.9 180.9 196.4 China 5.8 1.5 4.0 2.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 -5.9 -1.3 4.3 3.0 Colombia 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 Indonesia 10.6 9.7 4.0 3.8 0.1 0.2 9.9 17.8 24.6 31.5 Kazakhstan 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.7 -0.6 2.1 0.2 Russia 2.9 3.5 1.2 0.8 2.7 2.4 8.8 8.5 -5.6 -0.3 10.0 14.9 South Africa 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.4 0.8 Other Non-OECD 0.0 0.0 1.5 3.3 1.7 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 -3.1 -3.9 0.7 0.5 Tot. Imp./Exp. 57.7 54.0 52.0 47.9 56.1 56.6 11.1 11.9 2.4 3.0 5.8 4.9 13.0 14.5 25.0 54.5 223.0 247.2 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources. Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes:


(1) Includes Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia. (2) Includes exports of soft and semi-soft coking coal used for pulverised coal injection (PCI).



Table 3.5 World Hard Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

(thousand tonnes) Europe Former North USSR America

World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

312839

247420

65419

145932

13600

343022

270255

72767

162032

11400

19777

8659

121869

-

3002

16940

9675

139608

-

338869

262819

76050

159314

3367

12500

15562

10284

137406

-

344148

262166

81982

3803

156068

10900

15953

11632

145327

1

4267

371490

280843

375579

285891

90647

156862

13700

19493

11161

165891

1

4382

89688

159224

12100

17135

12651

169990

1

489031

4478

305041

183990

170054

106521

16846

13348

178358

7

3897

485714

325414

160300

176760

86656

15667

13751

188811

1

4068

470420

322688

147732

174811

66125

17087

12806

195595

1

3995

441866

309912

131954

153295

45945

15180

13733

209774

1

3938

460227

329266

130961

158424

41610

16536

15101

224040

-

4516

490857

349268

141589

167490

42896

17086

15675

243009

-

4701

501192

359829

141363

172271

35657

19140

18043

250303

-

5778

530620

381890

148730

181316

32820

21472

18973

270257

-

5782

537813

387736

150077

186400

33847

25549

19398

265510

-

7109

540517

393077

147440

178798

24040

26842

19817

284318

-

6702

612814

441771

171043

202133

34554

32493

19877

315758

-

7999

656123

475026

181097

220650

35580

42254

17949

330576

-

9114

668989

473766

195223

213117

28348

35943

18973

362500

-

10108

713400

501675

211725

226096

37965

43301

19679

376562

-

9797

776272

538286

237986

245581

33922

41524

22104

421371

876

10894

794072

537530

256542

244122

31858

47535

21856

436442

1084

11175

856226

569100

287126

266078

37614

51609

21466

467120

1236

11103

892027

577749

314278

270424

28059

48683

23774

509499

721

10867

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

Table 3.6 World Brown Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD


1984 14428 14106 322 14412 15 1985 16078 15451 627 16046 15 1986 15985 13638 2347 14697 15 1987 16604 13347 3257 14988 15 1988 16656 13266 3390 15222 1989 16165 12370 3795 15002 1990 21137 13246 7891 17736 2576 1991 21707 16091 5616 19105 2600 1992 16767 12891 3876 14722 2043 1 1993 14604 11775 2829 12836 1765 2 1994 11668 9276 2392 9873 1793 1 1995 12325 9057 3268 9763 2348 2 1996 13379 9633 3746 10565 2321 469 1997 11725 8662 3063 8414 2244 967 1998 10368 7896 2472 6614 1505 2211 1999 10992 8624 2368 5813 1473 3676 2000 11461 9098 2363 5438 1455 4525 2001 10455 7932 2523 5401 1477 3567 2002 12826 11191 1635 3884 745 8197 2003 14705 11619 3086 4221 1256 9228 2004 12440 9120 3320 4224 1669 6544 2005 14171 11335 2836 4865 656 8650 2006 16170 12962 3208 5967 534 9669 2007e 14581 11837 2744 5996 380 8205 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

Latin America -

1

-

-

-

17

-

-

-

1273

-

-

-

1601

-

-

-

1434

-

-

-

1163

-

-

-

825

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

212

-

-

-

24

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

38

-

-

-

30

-

-

-

43

-

-

-

10

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-



Table 3.7 World Hard Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

Germany

Spain

UK

(thousand tonnes) USA Canada Russia

India

China Chinese Taipei

Japan

Korea

9320

21618

13207

6993

8894

1167

18376

x

580

2490

7490

87227

12194

9320

18835

15547

8416

12732

1771

14579

x

2030

2307

10091

93449

17131

8521

16857

17165

8715

10554

2007

13311

x

2100

2471

10685

90392

16437

9133

13309

14960

8886

9781

1585

14345

x

2970

1941

14022

90916

18279

11065

12114

13304

8766

11685

1936

17477

x

3700

1743

17455

101241

22657

12658

15943

11071

10569

12137

2587

14522

x

4410

2290

16780

101509

24216

14761

19389

13580

10455

14783

2449

14169

53210

6046

2003

18468

106918

23729

14421

21792

15423

12988

19611

3075

12567

46911

5272

1368

18382

112675

29094

14014

21989

15452

14279

20339

3450

13003

39723

6495

1630

22092

110626

30781

11894

14231

13090

12726

18400

6631

8468

28200

7330

1428

25294

112053

37381

12659

12190

15483

11504

15088

6880

9366

27198

10556

1209

26668

121477

41009

14099

13190

15052

13408

15896

6533

9735

22734

12512

1635

28681

127354

45831

12814

15758

16348

11994

17799

6464

11740

20081

13175

3217

31088

130372

46074

12796

13604

20031

11340

19757

6792

13504

20715

16440

2013

36252

136217

51997

12634

18424

22249

14554

21244

7868

16494

21800

16535

1586

37103

130044

53586

10836

17841

22678

20098

20293

8204

16129

16044

19700

1673

41105

138615

54569

11347

18980

27948

21649

23446

11271

18790

25518

20930

2178

45424

150340

63724

12681

15960

33511

18916

35542

18672

20141

27820

20548

2661

48797

154616

64967

9906

18142

32607

24514

28686

16060

13987

20866

23260

11258

51952

161306

72051

9390

16768

34917

21552

31891

22614

13451

25217

21683

11098

54747

166418

73607

9790

19460

39536

24473

36153

24635

12797

22259

28484

18614

60633

180804

78963

8804

19851

37105

24756

43968

27506

12767

22390

38586

26172

60366

176985

76758

8056

20391

42132

23704

50456

32691

11296

25742

43081

38106

62278

179097

79707

7740

18693

46287

24439

50311

32865

10359

11189

54053

47624

68921

182254

88285


Japan

Korea

Table 3.8 World Brown Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

Germany

Spain

UK


India

196

9

2603

3

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

278

38

2652

2

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

257

60

2478

2

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

264

49

2162

2

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

226

49

1883

-

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

267

57

1990

-

-

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

-

276

69

2083

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

276

2

3428

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

244

2

3640

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

226

-

2991

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

212

48

2623

265

-

-

-

5

-

-

-

-

-

195

53

2132

481

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

227

42

1950

136

-

-

467

-

-

-

-

-

-

219

37

2151

-

-

-

965

89

-

-

-

-

-

196

32

1944

-

-

46

2163

22

-

-

-

-

-

159

37

2053

-

-

41

3630

3

-

-

-

-

-

219

52

1796

-

-

80

4441

10

-

-

-

-

207

59

1997

-

-

79

3486

242

-

-

-

-

-

205

23

848

-

-

121

8074

-

-

-

-

-

-

188

42

35

-

-

107

9117

127

-

-

-

-

-

190

40

17

-

-

114

6426

170

-

-

-

-

-

206

36

9

-

-

128

8519

253

-

-

-

-

-

289

36

53

-

-

191

9475

341

-

-

-

-

-

317

51

27

-

-

108

8094

200

-

-

-

-

-



Table 3.9 World Coking Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e


World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

156178

128248

27930

57722

-

165969

135317

30652

61447

-

6848

8506

80682

-

2420

6778

9212

85953

-

158461

126549

31912

57973

2579

-

5879

9903

82079

-

163111

128024

35087

2627

59596

-

5612

11248

83700

-

177602

141526

2955

36076

63032

-

6335

10691

94548

-

176540

2996

139929

36611

62792

-

5943

11335

93672

-

2798

170623

135933

34690

61401

124

4719

11831

90289

7

2252

169047

136465

32582

58053

120

4769

12275

91566

-

2264

166869

130743

36126

58019

124

4848

11867

89595

-

2416

164421

129411

35010

54714

291

4681

12078

90154

-

2503

174426

132507

41919

56733

3297

4467

12229

94851

-

2849

180461

133802

46659

59187

8176

4129

12332

94151

-

2486

181720

136766

44954

59711

7319

4833

12710

94458

-

2689

184034

136901

47133

62847

4887

4301

12153

97122

-

2724

177497

135787

41710

63661

3402

5647

11845

89530

-

3412

169350

130064

39286

56468

2351

5106

11248

91136

-

3041

179595

138570

41025

59805

2961

5843

11427

96037

-

3522

173901

132756

41145

55522

2605

6078

11218

95058

-

3420

179296

133810

45486

53320

1642

6522

11158

102236

-

4418

180505

130279

50226

51078

4342

4828

11716

104178

-

4363

202658

140363

62295

56703

6830

5416

11599

117469

-

4641

195113

135929

59184

57628

7770

5831

11564

107811

-

4509

196185

139594

56591

60355

7938

5786

11344

106405

-

4357

207121

137997

69124

61423

8178

4894

12680

115725

-

4221

Table 3.10 World Steam Coal Imports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD


1984 156661 119172 37489 88210 13600 12929 1985 177053 134938 42115 100585 11400 10162 1986 180408 136270 44138 101341 12500 9683 1987 181037 134142 46895 96472 10900 10341 1988 193888 139317 54571 93830 13700 13158 1989 199039 145962 53077 96432 12100 11192 1990 318408 169108 149300 108653 106397 12127 1991 316667 188949 127718 118707 86536 10898 1992 303551 191945 111606 116792 66001 12239 1993 277445 180501 96944 98581 45654 10499 1994 285801 196759 89042 101691 38313 12069 1995 310396 215466 94930 108303 34720 12957 1996 319472 223063 96409 112560 28338 14307 1997 346586 244989 101597 118469 27933 17171 1998 360316 251949 108367 122739 30445 19902 1999 371167 263013 108154 122330 21689 21736 2000 433219 303201 130018 142328 31593 26650 2001 482222 342270 139952 165128 32975 36176 2002 489693 339956 149737 159797 26706 29421 2003 532895 371396 161499 175018 33623 38473 2004 573614 397923 175691 188878 27092 36108 2005 598959 401601 197358 186494 24088 41704 2006 660041 429506 230535 205723 29676 45823 2007e 684906 439752 245154 209001 19881 43789 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

153

41187

-

582

463

53655

-

788

381

55327

-

1176

384

61627

1

1312

470

71343

1

1386

1316

76318

1

1680

1517

88069

-

1645

1476

97245

1

1804

939

106000

1

1579

1655

119620

1

1435

2872

129189

-

1667

3343

148858

-

2215

5333

155845

-

3089

6820

173135

-

3058

7553

175980

-

3697

8569

193182

-

3661

8450

219721

-

4477

6731

235518

-

5694

7815

260264

-

5690

7963

272384

-

5434

10505

303902

876

6253

10292

328631

1084

6666

10122

360715

1236

6746

11094

393774

721

6646



Table 3.11 World Coking Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

Germany

Spain

UK


India


Japan

Korea

4978

7711

1965

3428

5472

-

6614

x

580

-

2724

67937

6321

4663

7773

2235

4090

7150

-

6188

x

2030

200

2802

69242

8125

4041

7614

2246

3097

6257

-

5635

x

2100

529

2717

66445

6575

4874

7532

2200

3437

6492

-

5589

x

2970

224

3490

63935

9247

6838

8165

2248

3643

7082

-

6255

x

3700

50

4687

71128

11237

7064

7769

2281

4000

7998

-

5917

x

4410

303

4921

68689

11651

7132

7848

1706

4169

8614

-

4491

-

5854

250

4237

64935

11287

6426

7660

1057

4652

9196

-

4744

-

5272

408

4350

61839

15572

5795

7457

1357

4343

8385

-

4848

-

6325

400

3998

57898

16381

4748

6904

987

4572

8602

-

4681

-

6936

-

4125

57104

17321

4444

6747

1093

3893

8065

-

4467

3237

9874

-

4161

60301

16902

5267

7300

1427

3244

7754

-

4129

2215

9378

-

4580

59799

17151

5325

7387

2189

3318

8245

-

4833

1708

10617

-

4112

59479

18226

4328

7235

2536

3745

8072

-

4301

1274

11745

398

6300

59098

17395

4195

7052

4299

3905

8646

1050

4597

292

10023

103

5983

53649

17979

3953

6950

3519

3548

8020

1065

4041

2

10992

263

5775

54880

17227

3818

6543

4608

3755

8462

1547

4296

200

11063

339

6093

57081

19575

4169

6942

3984

3424

7723

2091

3987

-

11107

277

7342

56625

17899

3363

6405

5174

3425

6315

2207

4315

-

12947

256

8642

58435

20003

3220

5577

5504

3321

6474

1556

3272

-

12992

2605

8925

57744

20315

3577

6798

6875

4043

6345

1987

3429

-

16925

6830

9027

60884

21808

3533

6255

7152

3571

6551

1603

4228

866

16891

7195

5210

56530

20627

3490

6005

8692

3622

6774

1533

4253

167

17877

4663

5048

57672

20081

3483

5364

9627

3682

6774

1515

3379

-

23374

6215

7585

53993

22532


Japan

Korea

Table 3.12 World Steam Coal Imports - Selected Countries Belgium France 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

Germany

Spain

UK


India

4342

13907

11242

3565

3422

1167

11762

x

-

2490

4766

19290

5873

4657

11062

13312

4326

5582

1771

8391

x

-

2107

7289

24207

9006

4480

9243

14919

5618

4297

2007

7676

x

-

1942

7968

23947

9862

4259

5777

12760

5449

3289

1585

8756

x

-

1717

10532

26981

9032

4227

3949

11056

5123

4603

1936

11222

x

-

1693

12768

30113

11420

5594

8174

8790

6569

4139

2587

8605

x

-

1987

11859

32820

12565

7629

11541

11874

6286

6169

2449

9678

53210

192

1753

14231

41983

12442

7995

14132

14366

8336

10415

3075

7823

46911

-

960

14032

50836

13522

8219

14532

14095

9936

11954

3450

8155

39723

170

1230

18094

52728

14400

7146

7327

12103

8154

9798

6631

3787

28200

394

1428

21169

54949

20060

8215

5443

14390

7611

7023

6880

4899

23961

682

1209

22507

61176

24107

8832

5890

13625

10164

8142

6533

5606

20519

3134

1635

24101

67555

28680

7489

8371

14159

8676

9554

6464

6907

18373

2558

3217

26976

70893

27848

8468

6369

17495

7595

11685

6792

9203

19441

4695

1615

29952

77119

34602

8439

11372

17950

10649

12598

6818

11897

21508

6512

1483

31120

76395

35607

6883

10891

19159

16550

12273

7139

12088

16042

8708

1410

35330

83735

37342

7529

12437

23340

17894

14984

9724

14494

25318

9867

1839

39331

93259

44149

8512

9018

29527

15492

27819

16581

16154

27820

9441

2384

41455

97991

47068

6543

11737

27433

21089

22371

13853

9672

20866

10313

11002

43310

102871

52048

6170

11191

29413

18231

25417

21058

10179

25217

8691

8493

45822

108674

53292

6213

12662

32661

20430

29808

22648

9368

22259

11559

11784

51606

119920

57155

5271

13596

29953

21185

37417

25903

8539

21524

21695

18977

55156

120455

56131

4566

14386

33440

20082

43682

31158

7043

25575

25204

33443

57230

121425

59626

4257

13329

36660

20757

43537

31350

6980

11189

30679

41409

61336

128261

65753



Table 3.13 OECD Coke Oven Coke Imports(1) (thousand tonnes)

1973 Australia

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

51

-

Austria

1055

986

1274

815

718

981

1173

1266

1402

1282

1438

Belgium

1110

1261

676

822

1259

1108

216

277

152

68

121

Canada

357

267

340

339

818

631

180

265

88

100

869

-

-

-

-

320

602

700

756

510

705

722

Denmark

129

112

75

41

45

47

32

42

36

39

35

Finland

832

1229

1231

786

274

505

493

511

505

518

565

France

3646

3000

2147

1109

885

1448

1520

1280

1525

1461

1067

Germany

4497

4202

2693

2001

2601

5987

5200

4410

3793

3687

4693

45

35

53

32

11

1

4

4

4

3

12

1207

1468

1486

478

351

5

222

189

205

51

22

Iceland

-

16

34

30

18

47

53

52

33

26

18

Ireland

13

8

22

29

6

-

-

-

-

-

-

Italy

82

101

134

115

745

506

1575

1086

848

715

427

Czech Republic

Greece Hungary

Japan

-

-

-

261

493

2467

2395

2950

2500

1806

1998

Korea

38

121

106

-

-

-

425

689

341

314

551

3247

2292

1854

1447

521

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mexico

Luxembourg

150

122

121

124

437

631

511

528

390

323

274

Netherlands

677

832

405

360

649

758

604

334

341

479

508

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

577

531

700

534

522

543

381

457

382

391

442 118

New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom

-

-

-

-

34

16

26

151

117

96

38

102

157

13

34

-

13

10

6

-

1

922

130

268

456

178

155

314

287

260

516

455

459

553

209

172

846

137

218

170

136

155

136

1495

453

386

318

484

328

486

500

393

217

265

158

127

77

27

24

27

25

20

20

26

22

-

-

40

-

182

722

509

390

414

454

438

53

-

374

304

640

483

978

1045

909

993

1004

978

598

524

694

1648

3430

2502

6236

3202

3690

2231

IEA Europe

20242

17422

14261

9859

11329

14359

14689

13185

11958

11856

12491

OECD Europe

20242

17438

14295

9889

11347

14406

14742

13237

11991

11882

12509

IEA North America

1335

865

864

1033

2466

4061

2682

6501

3290

3790

3100

OECD North America

1485

987

985

1157

2903

4692

3193

7029

3680

4113

3374

38

121

106

261

493

2467

2820

3639

2841

2171

2549

21615

18408

15231

11153

14288

20887

20191

23325

18089

17817

18140

11307

14743

21565

20755

23905

18512

18166

18432

United States

OECD Pacific IEA Total

OECD Total 21765 18546 15386 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.



Table 3.14 World Hard Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e


World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

307628

231006

76622

65346

27900

345350

253180

92170

57559

31200

99049

721

8593

66893

39126

111426

3166

9967

84194

348089

248878

99211

55590

35400

103448

47838

5084

12039

90166

46362

349088

243566

105522

48801

37700

390114

270519

119595

49933

46400

98990

8938

16792

96014

41853

118021

11146

17718

102565

390638

270482

120156

46380

39800

44331

124314

14176

19089

99788

47091

504173

275210

228963

44559

488177

287666

200511

33960

139934

126918

15371

23593

103732

50066

104936

132913

18590

29471

120792

481788

278893

202895

47515

30758

92050

121120

16930

41769

127012

52149

438963

261779

449943

269158

177184

33358

63598

95881

21441

40360

132540

51785

180785

40479

53662

96432

22613

49427

132245

492418

55085

296417

196001

44058

49630

114322

22553

63935

138036

59884

513967

299097

214870

40110

48574

116539

28398

77504

142446

60396

540813

311452

229361

40335

50876

112318

32685

81468

158801

64330

547687

317104

230583

42931

49240

106283

35969

83884

167889

61491

545127

297462

247665

37675

46889

86609

36760

97642

173194

66358

608397

312596

295801

39018

64521

85092

43321

117905

188491

70049

666075

314976

351099

47309

72781

73692

46428

162606

193970

69289

656869

308608

348261

39729

68351

62612

43854

166702

206266

69355

713713

313954

399759

35829

82127

67176

52392

193596

210959

71634

755967

326856

429111

37433

96787

69097

57650

206604

220334

68062

811221

340868

470353

34064

113304

73159

60833

224682

233642

71537

865712

341586

524126

35282

122985

72287

69370

262368

234016

69404

917264

357394

559870

28156

126168

83791

75523

291362

245614

66650

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

Table 3.15 World Brown Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD


1984 10880 10361 519 10572 1985 12093 11363 730 11838 1986 12734 11919 815 12290 1987 12388 11710 678 11745 1988 12285 11194 1091 11237 1989 11486 10710 776 10700 1990 16030 10520 5510 10804 4657 1991 15231 11387 3844 11610 3445 1992 13526 10298 3228 10464 2919 1993 11764 10425 1339 10412 1323 1994 9094 8583 511 8538 505 1995 11280 8709 2571 8816 2462 1996 10364 7558 2806 8049 2303 1997 9065 7842 1223 7911 1152 1998 8910 7123 1787 6832 1782 1999 7712 5917 1795 5887 1727 2000 7192 5324 1868 5332 1752 2001 7452 5731 1721 5684 1557 2002 5709 4535 1174 4503 902 2003 5964 3337 2627 3702 1488 2004 6691 3779 2912 4075 603 2005 7998 3985 4013 4131 1105 2006 8502 4399 4103 4317 1029 2007e 8410 4903 3507 4927 995 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.


Latin America

Asia

8

-

300

-

-

30

-

225

-

-

37

107

300

-

-

32

-

611

-

-

7

-

1041

-

-

10

-

776

-

-

79

-

490

-

-

55

-

121

-

-

55

-

88

-

-

29

-

-

-

-

51

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

11

-

1

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

293

-

3

-

-

47

-

51

-

-

55

-

53

-

-

161

-

50

-

-

242

-

62

-

-

229

-

545

-

-

309

-

1704

-

-

351

-

2411

-

-

430

-

2726

-

-

678

-

1810

-

-


Table 3.16 World Hard Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

USA

AusCotralia lombia

(thousand tonnes) Vene- Russia Kazakh- Ukraine zuela stan

China

India

Indonesia

South Africa 38857

43024

25138

73911

66522

721

-

x

x

x

6955

130

882

36124

27378

84048

83799

3166

-

x

x

x

7770

210

1081

47630

34940

25904

77543

89884

5084

-

x

x

x

9817

160

942

46185

30179

26740

72186

95714

8938

-

x

x

x

13530

170

892

41700

32341

31732

86203

102200

10121

1025

x

x

x

15646

200

1037

44170

28943

32817

91457

99302

12487

1689

x

x

x

15338

160

2546

46931

28065

31000

95912

103396

13505

1834

56051

51480

22217

17290

100

4871

49900

19534

34103

98809

120183

16379

2196

37402

51963

12722

20001

110

7615

47357

19602

28165

92955

126242

14614

2309

40500

42459

7342

23363

130

16058

52059

22968

28274

67602

131752

17616

3825

25881

33821

3101

19815

100

18239

51711

27695

31695

64736

131201

18437

4135

23100

26000

4106

24194

673

21905

54838

31868

33993

80329

136702

18274

4242

26263

20768

2400

28617

651

31322

59676

28920

34448

82076

140856

24781

3617

25341

20840

2289

36485

478

36443

60224

29466

36530

75788

157557

27580

5105

23493

24857

2374

35331

540

41727

64200

28055

34183

72098

166796

30061

5908

24042

23294

1881

32297

823

47206

61300

24102

33539

53001

171861

29932

6828

27709

17025

2138

37437

1156

55318

66235

23245

32082

53006

186962

35391

7930

36737

25459

2320

55057

1292

57389

69910

23029

29618

44066

192178

38868

7560

41553

27477

3729

90125

1903

65281

69210

22623

26804

35805

204334

36510

7344

43497

21652

3092

83887

1517

74187

69231

20119

28280

38896

208749

45644

6748

54625

24587

2912

93986

1627

90129

71531

19684

25746

43351

218426

50902

6748

68616

24288

3883

86613

1294

105527

67946

19369

28064

45095

231311

53607

7143

86006

23620

3666

71676

1989

129196

71442

16735

27427

44860

231296

61968

7286

91391

28103

3457

63211

1554

171551

69273

11819

30432

53359

243600

67152

8335

100154

22600

3351

53683

1200

202162

66650

China

India

Indonesia

South Africa -

Table 3.17 World Brown Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

USA

AusCotralia lombia


-

-

8

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

201

-

30

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

1

-

37

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

1

-

32

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

-

7

-

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

-

10

-

-

-

-

x

x

x

-

-

-

-

193

9

70

-

-

-

3134

-

1433

-

-

-

1275

10

45

-

-

-

2979

-

348

-

-

-

-

978

9

46

-

-

-

2896

-

-

-

-

-

-

909

29

-

-

-

-

1321

-

-

-

-

-

719

51

-

-

-

-

232

266

-

-

-

-

-

368

-

-

-

-

-

2171

202

-

-

-

-

-

45

11

-

-

-

-

2059

232

1

-

-

-

-

37

-

2

-

-

-

883

223

-

-

-

-

-

23

-

293

-

-

-

1620

109

-

-

-

-

-

13

-

47

-

-

-

1604

73

-

-

-

-

-

9

-

55

-

-

-

1592

109

9

-

-

-

15

78

83

-

-

-

1245

263

-

-

-

-

-

41

120

122

-

-

-

783

70

3

-

-

-

-

36

109

120

-

-

-

1317

139

2

-

-

-

-

27

117

192

-

-

-

315

249

2

-

-

-

-

8

140

211

-

-

-

552

518

-

-

-

-

-

-

251

179

-

-

-

539

449

-

-

-

-

-

-

364

314

-

-

-

570

400

-

-

-

-

-



Table 3.18 World Coking Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e


World

OECD

Non OECD

Latin America

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

145596

130356

15240

13132

8000

157885

139140

18745

11146

11000

72766

-

2442

44453

4803

77198

-

2604

50795

152194

130253

21941

9858

5142

13000

71306

-

3074

49089

5867

155730

128340

27390

177808

148461

29347

8867

19000

69382

-

3635

50091

4755

8407

21000

83895

-

3331

56159

181811

154663

5016

27148

9819

20000

87800

-

2987

57044

198183

4161

151443

46740

8555

39348

84425

-

3759

58463

3633

192458

160466

31992

6718

24136

87432

-

4333

66316

3523

192653

151309

41344

5558

31664

77034

-

4592

68717

5088

186205

161282

24923

17422

14077

68967

-

5979

74895

4865

196551

158680

37871

15843

24848

70007

-

7259

72830

5764

196472

169990

26482

18219

10692

75819

-

9484

75953

6305

195365

170450

24915

14826

8078

76758

-

10704

78866

6133

199305

175579

23726

12982

9865

77406

-

8211

85191

5650

186192

166212

19980

10267

6723

71075

-

8090

84870

5167

186051

162552

23499

10456

6601

58092

-

14366

94004

2532

190094

169287

20807

9747

7715

58166

-

11348

101374

1744

201185

165587

35598

8301

14431

49967

-

20194

107319

973

188760

157908

30852

7640

9199

42503

-

20894

107765

759

199031

160526

38505

6767

9494

43755

-

28427

110004

584

197065

168593

28472

6761

12352

48196

-

15199

113640

917

216085

186619

29466

6663

12803

52711

-

16106

127245

557

223003

180876

42127

8093

12642

49586

-

29046

123197

439

247223

196360

50863

6555

15490

55882

-

34469

134014

813

Asia

Aus. + N.Z.

Africa

Table 3.19 World Steam Coal Exports - Regional Aggregates World

OECD

Non OECD


1984 162032 100650 61382 52214 19900 26283 1985 187465 114040 73425 46413 20200 34228 1986 195895 118625 77270 45732 22400 32142 1987 193358 115226 78132 39934 18700 29608 1988 212306 122058 90248 41526 25400 34126 1989 208827 115819 93008 36561 19800 36514 1990 305990 123767 182223 36004 100586 42493 1991 295719 127200 168519 27242 80800 45481 1992 289135 127584 161551 25200 60386 44086 1993 252758 100497 152261 15936 49521 26914 1994 253392 110478 142914 24636 28814 26425 1995 295946 126427 169519 25839 38938 38503 1996 318602 128647 189955 25284 40496 39781 1997 341508 135873 205635 27353 41011 34912 1998 361495 150892 210603 32664 42517 35208 1999 359076 134910 224166 27219 40288 28517 2000 418303 143309 274994 29271 56806 26926 2001 464890 149389 315501 39008 58350 23725 2002 468109 150700 317409 32089 59152 20109 2003 514682 153428 361254 29062 72633 23421 2004 558902 158263 400639 30672 84435 20901 2005 595136 154249 440887 27401 100501 20448 2006 642709 160710 481999 27189 110343 22701 2007e 670041 161034 509007 21601 110678 27909 Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within Former USSR and Former Yugoslavia.


Latin America 721

6151

22440

34323

3166

7363

33399

42696

5084

8965

41077

40495

8938

13157

45923

37098

11146

14387

46406

39315

14176

16102

42744

42930

15371

19834

45269

46433

18590

25138

54476

43992

16930

37177

58295

47061

21441

34381

57645

46920

22613

42168

59415

49321

22553

54451

62083

53579

28398

66800

63580

54263

32685

73257

73610

58680

35969

75794

83019

56324

36760

83276

79190

63826

43321

106557

87117

68305

46428

142412

86651

68316

43854

145808

98501

68596

52392

165169

100955

71050

57650

191405

106694

67145

60833

208576

106397

70980

69370

233322

110819

68965

75523

256893

111600

65837


Table 3.20 World Coking Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

USA

AusCotralia lombia


China

India

Indonesia

South Africa 4803

-

21079

51687

44082

-

-

x

x

x

2400

-

37

-

22483

54715

50480

-

-

x

x

x

2500

-

103

5142

-

21431

49874

48807

-

-

x

x

x

2988

-

86

5867

-

22436

46882

49792

-

-

x

x

x

3579

-

56

4755

-

27609

56200

55794

-

-

x

x

x

3241

-

90

5016

-

28677

59083

56558

-

-

x

x

x

2896

-

91

4161

-

26851

57568

58127

-

-

31573

-

7775

3473

-

286

3633

-

28786

58645

65707

-

-

15633

-

8503

3840

-

493

3523

-

23124

53910

67947

-

-

24322

-

7342

3700

-

892

5088

12829

23921

45044

74114

-

-

6729

4247

3101

4283

-

1696

4843

10694

27066

42941

71786

-

-

17367

3375

4106

4906

254

2099

5764

12296

28564

47255

74619

-

-

8693

1999

-

6744

329

2411

6305

9886

28722

48036

77276

-

-

6538

1509

31

7487

188

3029

6133

9138

30092

47314

83947

-

-

8450

1371

44

4601

272

3338

5650

6506

28353

42722

83777

-

-

6440

271

12

4855

385

2850

5167

6635

28946

29146

92671

-

-

6400

184

17

5246

774

8346

2517

5290

28386

29780

99845

-

-

7300

393

22

6470

624

4254

1744

3813

26914

23053

105527

-

-

14431

-

-

11445

879

7870

970

3521

22964

19539

105833

-

-

9196

-

3

13295

163

7436

759

2710

23716

20039

107794

-

-

9470

-

24

13135

158

15134

584

3036

23847

24349

111732

-

-

11935

-

417

5757

114

9328

917

3151

26710

26001

124914

-

-

9983

2311

509

5260

46

10800

524

3601

24640

24946

120477

-

-

10007

2105

530

4344

107

24595

381

2362

26684

29198

132000

-

-

14921

161

408

3006

-

31463

813

China

India

Indonesia

South Africa

Table 3.21 World Steam Coal Exports - Selected Countries Poland Canada 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e

USA

AusCotralia lombia


43024

4059

22224

22440

721

-

x

x

x

4555

130

845

34054

36124

4895

29333

33319

3166

-

x

x

x

5270

210

978

42488

34940

4473

27669

41077

5084

-

x

x

x

6829

160

856

40318

30179

4304

25304

45922

8938

-

x

x

x

9951

170

836

36945

32341

4123

30003

46406

10121

1025

x

x

x

12405

200

947

39154

28943

4140

32374

42744

12487

1689

x

x

x

12442

160

2455

42770

28065

4149

38344

45269

13505

1834

24478

51480

14442

13817

100

4585

46267

19534

5317

40164

54476

16379

2196

21769

51963

4219

16161

110

7122

43834

19602

5041

39045

58295

14614

2309

16178

42459

-

19663

130

15166

46971

10139

4353

22558

57638

17616

3825

19152

29574

-

15532

100

16543

46868

17001

4629

21795

59415

18437

4135

5733

22625

-

19288

419

19806

49074

19572

5429

33074

62083

18274

4242

17570

18769

2400

21873

322

28911

53371

19034

5726

34040

63580

24781

3617

18803

19331

2258

28998

290

33414

54091

20328

6438

28474

73610

27580

5105

15043

23486

2330

30730

268

38389

58550

21549

5830

29376

83019

30061

5908

17602

23023

1869

27442

438

44356

56133

17467

4593

23855

79190

29932

6828

21309

16841

2121

32191

382

46972

63718

17955

3696

23226

87117

35391

7930

29437

25066

2298

48587

668

53135

68166

19216

2704

21013

86651

38868

7560

27122

27477

3729

78680

1024

57411

68240

19102

3840

16266

98501

36510

7344

34301

21652

3089

70592

1354

66751

68472

17409

4564

18857

100955

45644

6748

45155

24587

2888

80851

1469

74995

70947

16648

1899

19002

106694

50902

6748

56681

24288

3466

80856

1180

96199

67029

16218

1354

19094

106397

53607

7143

76023

21309

3157

66416

1943

118396

70918

13134

2787

19914

110819

61968

7286

81384

25998

2927

58867

1447

146956

68892

9457

3748

24161

111600

67152

8335

85233

22439

2943

50677

1200

170699

65837



Table 3.22 OECD Coke Oven Coke Exports(1) (thousand tonnes)

Australia

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

-

122

11

574

334

22

262

260

1

-

-

Austria

82

2

5

1

1

1

3

42

4

3

5

Belgium

469

768

847

915

557

293

105

82

20

179

128

Canada

368

80

22

193

334

300

67

130

154

98

178

3467

2450

1927

1451

1409

948

944

958

913

956

805

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

24

5

13

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

Czech Republic Denmark Finland France

1012

870

553

383

307

711

417

850

643

701

796

10197

7692

6038

2945

287

75

92

98

75

88

122

Greece

31

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hungary

103

-

-

-

420

183

66

80

53

211

269

Iceland

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ireland

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Italy

628

747

451

201

130

123

165

244

229

220

215

Japan

600

2068

4055

1880

3428

2593

2599

2035

1674

1966

1168

Korea

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Luxembourg

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mexico

-

79

95

4

1

2

2

2

2

3

3

680

702

880

829

1089

830

567

346

358

810

535

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Norway

51

36

122

5

-

2

-

-

2

-

-

Poland

2780

1770

1639

3662

3331

3691

5267

5258

4624

6310

6323

Germany

Netherlands New Zealand

Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden

16

-

-

11

74

80

-

-

-

-

-

-

13

23

-

58

59

104

54

138

138

140

2

3

11

42

81

744

750

985

610

1047

1053

11

114

77

41

67

29

58

35

35

26

26

Switzerland

-

-

-

4

-

-

-

-

-

7

-

Turkey

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

United Kingdom

665

1265

1163

435

264

381

138

142

119

168

180

1266

1879

1018

519

680

1039

655

1196

1585

1466

1310

IEA Europe

20218

16437

13750

10926

8077

8150

8676

9176

7823

10864

10597

OECD Europe

20218

16437

13750

10926

8077

8150

8676

9176

7823

10864

10597

IEA North America

1634

1959

1040

712

1014

1339

722

1326

1739

1564

1488

OECD North America

1634

2038

1135

716

1015

1341

724

1328

1741

1567

1491

600

2190

4066

2454

3762

2615

2861

2295

1675

1966

1168

22452

20586

18856

14092

12853

12104

12259

12797

11237

14394

13253

14096

12854

12106

12261

12799

11239

14397

13256

United States

OECD Pacific IEA Total

OECD Total 22452 20665 18951 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry. (1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite. (1) For further information, see Principles and Definitions.



4. PRICES



Table 4.1 Japan Coking Coal Import Costs Total(1) (all sources) 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Note: Note: Note: Note: Note:

53.97 55.05 58.39 60.72 60.61 57.86 55.39 51.91 55.03 56.39 55.19 50.98 42.95 39.46 41.13 42.14 41.73 61.40 88.80 93.10 88.43

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) Australia Canada USA

South

Russia(2)

China

48.63 50.14 54.65 57.45 56.86 55.80 54.37 51.80 54.81 57.21 57.09 54.63 45.17 43.62 45.52 45.59 46.05 67.98 114.96 116.69 105.45

43.31 46.06 52.08 54.38 53.22 51.66 50.52 47.03 49.49 51.88 49.98 46.78 40.01 37.12 39.35 38.97 39.09 72.57 100.45 91.98 100.91

Africa 48.27 48.31 52.58 55.27 56.64 53.55 51.49 47.89 51.15 54.07 52.73 49.47 41.83 39.01 40.96 43.32 43.56 56.85 96.44 106.20 96.03

65.43 67.36 69.73 71.27 71.85 70.98 67.12 64.65 64.49 64.44 64.84 59.73 51.05 45.46 47.30 50.50 51.64 62.04 106.05 125.68 112.61

64.05 60.35 63.34 66.90 66.16 63.68 61.82 59.34 61.37 61.05 61.24 59.53 55.79 52.69 47.81 52.07 42.93 163.61 159.01 159.35 516.32

43.35 42.55 47.68 50.11 51.94 52.36 46.78 46.93 49.54 50.94 49.64 47.06 39.74 39.99 47.09 x x x x x x

It should be noted that as a result of the import coal classification system used by Japanese customs authorities, most imports of Indonesian coal are recorded by customs as coking coal even though most of the coal is not used in the metallurgical industry. As this coal has a lower unit value than coking coal reported in other categories, the data presented in the Total column in this table, from 1991 onwards, tend to understate the total average unit value of coals imported into Japan for metallurgical use. Prior to 1991, the volume of imports reported by customs in this way was not so large as to significantly affect the total averages.

Table 4.2 EU Coking Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Total(1) (all sources) 55.24 56.95 58.09 65.01 61.75 60.95 55.82 55.97 58.49 59.74 57.99 54.53 48.97 47.88 53.56 56.63 59.61 78.12 109.61 125.86 125.73

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) Australia Canada USA 52.90 53.10 53.87 67.29 60.84 60.76 55.67 55.56 57.03 59.72 57.97 55.00 47.33 45.45 51.24 55.52 58.03 73.63 114.89 135.52 127.74

54.24 52.85 57.32 64.53 60.80 61.51 55.40 52.42 57.02 58.52 57.61 54.18 45.58 45.92 54.59 56.90 61.31 76.64 113.81 137.66 129.45

56.85 57.30 58.38 63.07 61.65 61.22 57.13 58.22 61.20 62.03 60.08 58.53 54.14 52.91 58.54 61.48 64.18 84.75 110.91 123.44 126.95

South

Russia(2)

Poland

Africa 35.54 39.86 36.57 58.81 51.55 50.54 48.21 44.13 49.65 47.44 43.31 35.83 36.21 39.09 42.10 38.69 39.20 61.31 71.77 66.18 96.82

54.39 50.68 53.49 57.44 51.33 47.95 36.22 46.11 56.00 59.88 54.93 51.08 57.96 42.02 58.89 58.11 47.45 86.41 86.05 81.34 92.15

54.74 54.82 56.77 63.98 59.20 59.64 54.09 53.55 59.26 61.11 61.02 52.52 47.48 50.43 51.58 50.15 62.24 108.71 138.92 118.82 139.47

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 21 and Table 19) (1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable (1) from one year to the next due to differing components. (2) Former USSR prior to 1991.



Table 4.3 Japan Steam Coal Import Costs

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Total(1) (all sources) 41.49 42.64 48.84 50.97 50.43 48.47 45.92 43.88 47.85 49.29 45.26 40.68 35.87 34.59 37.95 36.95 34.93 51.48 62.73 63.33 70.92

Australia 42.27 43.34 49.78 52.23 51.68 49.29 46.31 44.92 48.87 50.24 45.59 40.80 36.12 34.59 38.32 37.39 35.13 50.20 61.90 63.90 71.03

(Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) USA South Russia(2) 46.89 48.05 52.78 53.17 52.36 51.22 51.05 49.91 52.65 54.32 49.86 47.52 45.37 45.49 45.99 48.63 x 186.48 x 596.68 553.99

Africa 40.91 41.16 44.67 47.95 48.36 46.93 44.34 42.47 48.27 49.86 46.58 41.50 37.34 35.82 38.05 40.30 35.21 x 80.64 x 77.46

39.44 40.24 45.43 46.54 44.93 43.73 40.24 38.68 43.45 44.63 42.57 38.46 30.24 30.68 37.61 34.35 34.28 59.02 66.10 62.20 72.28

China

Canada

37.80 38.52 45.74 47.59 47.69 46.04 43.55 39.05 44.48 46.52 44.73 39.96 34.89 33.69 36.95 36.25 35.28 55.06 65.65 63.88 73.60

40.61 42.96 45.38 48.26 46.76 46.30 45.76 42.88 44.20 45.91 42.01 38.25 33.50 34.72 36.94 37.34 33.82 52.60 63.79 56.32 66.04

Table 4.4 EU Steam Coal Import Costs from Selected Countries (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/t) Australia USA South Total(1) Russia(2) (all sources) Africa 1987 41.02 40.43 51.79 32.77 41.57 1988 46.49 43.69 54.21 37.44 38.63 1989 49.26 48.07 53.40 42.67 44.19 1990 52.64 52.03 54.69 45.18 44.69 1991 50.69 49.14 51.51 45.31 42.54 1992 48.59 50.07 50.69 42.48 39.50 1993 37.99 38.85 46.96 32.86 24.10 1994 40.35 40.74 46.05 36.18 36.67 1995 47.51 45.06 49.12 43.76 42.55 1996 45.62 48.25 48.03 42.23 42.48 1997 43.52 46.38 48.47 40.33 39.84 1998 39.72 40.03 46.99 36.30 37.23 1999 34.43 36.68 40.67 31.78 30.96 2000 35.22 39.04 41.07 33.83 33.59 2001 42.96 44.13 46.52 42.32 42.16 2002 38.69 43.28 43.48 36.65 36.79 2003 41.94 46.83 47.37 39.10 42.22 2004 61.91 69.05 61.50 58.00 65.14 2005 71.27 106.40 86.75 67.64 68.46 2006 69.80 109.71 82.08 66.24 67.93 2007 82.21 103.73 97.50 80.25 79.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 16 and Table 14)

China

Poland

Colombia

38.11 39.56 47.36 49.36 47.14 45.46 45.65 41.78 45.29 46.18 52.87 52.85 32.58 31.45 40.90 44.30 51.38 60.61 93.41 150.20 73.02

48.83 51.56 56.46 61.05 58.18 54.11 36.60 41.44 46.78 46.50 42.62 39.61 35.03 35.30 44.41 40.75 43.26 68.95 78.34 75.65 94.13

37.15 39.48 47.35 52.60 49.81 49.65 35.39 39.68 43.42 41.93 42.29 37.56 32.69 34.22 42.32 36.99 41.65 61.54 67.98 66.07 78.16

(1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable (1) from one year to the next due to differing components. (2) Former USSR prior to 1991.



Table 4.5 Steam Coal Export Costs Exported from: To: 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Australia (FOB) Total 28.97 30.77 35.93 38.34 37.93 36.49 33.45 32.75 34.99 37.77 34.35 30.10 26.49 24.27 28.71 28.01 25.41 37.65 48.86 47.05 51.11

Japan 32.34 32.93 37.98 40.03 40.32 38.85 35.49 33.72 36.85 38.89 35.40 31.50 27.02 24.72 29.69 29.20 26.00 38.45 49.42 50.59 54.61

EU(1) 26.26 27.18 32.56 35.25 34.05 32.47 30.02 29.09 31.05 33.19 31.76 24.54 21.63 20.86 25.86 24.42 25.18 34.44 49.46 49.29 55.42

(Average Unit Value, US$/t) Canada United States (FAS) Total 31.86 34.25 37.71 40.37 40.35 38.15 34.61 31.51 32.90 35.67 32.44 30.24 25.72 24.99 26.01 28.11 35.75 44.75 53.23 45.24 50.51

Total 43.17 42.06 41.17 39.99 40.63 39.53 39.78 38.22 38.94 36.94 34.84 32.24 32.02 31.84 34.51 37.70 37.00 53.93 67.09 55.66 52.61

Japan 41.31 39.94 43.04 41.76 39.73 39.66 39.08 37.13 38.61 40.02 38.55 37.00 35.40 34.90 37.70 40.41 166.40 91.47 105.21 166.53 198.41

Colombia

EU(1) 43.35 41.14 40.45 42.54 41.50 40.90 41.60 40.23 40.91 36.80 35.88 33.05 29.39 28.26 34.69 33.09 32.18 42.06 76.79 64.17 66.30

Total .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 31.81 33.84 30.51 27.25 26.99 31.36 30.09 36.41 59.55 51.89 51.92 57.76

Indonesia

S. Africa

Total .. .. .. 42.75 42.23 41.22 38.52 36.40 42.71 42.71 39.90 35.82 31.00 29.60 32.07 29.98 25.00 38.00 44.50 47.25 60.91

Total 25.05 27.27 29.36 30.53 30.19 29.53 25.38 23.89 29.20 30.63 31.47 26.37 22.77 22.63 28.59 25.82 24.47 32.94 46.16 46.19 51.29

Table 4.6 Coking Coal Export Costs Exported from:

Australia (FOB)

(Average Unit Value, US$/t) Canada United States (FAS)

Colombia

Indonesia

S. Africa

Total Japan Total Total Japan Total Total To: EU(1) Total (2) EU(1) 1987 39.97 40.15 37.85 49.07 48.98 51.31 48.24 .. .. 29.96 1988 40.27 40.02 37.64 53.80 48.69 47.76 48.58 .. .. 30.35 1989 44.69 44.27 43.86 56.41 49.82 48.31 50.03 .. .. 37.37 1990 47.72 46.98 48.00 59.23 51.55 50.34 52.41 .. .. 38.84 1991 47.96 47.24 48.23 57.37 50.80 50.18 51.33 42.22 .. 43.31 1992 46.78 46.44 46.53 57.08 50.01 49.58 51.72 36.50 .. 40.35 1993 44.28 43.85 44.06 52.73 48.63 47.99 50.71 .. .. 41.16 1994 41.36 40.24 41.41 48.03 47.11 44.72 49.82 .. .. 37.48 1995 44.23 43.37 44.45 48.76 48.47 45.35 51.13 .. .. 39.66 1996 47.56 46.11 48.56 51.52 50.05 46.51 53.12 .. .. 39.68 1997 47.37 45.52 47.73 50.04 49.99 45.94 52.87 .. .. 37.72 1998 43.97 42.47 44.10 46.15 48.55 45.98 51.67 31.97 .. 31.39 1999 35.99 34.60 37.59 38.19 46.19 44.46 49.27 31.26 .. 34.38 2000 32.85 31.64 33.66 34.01 42.98 41.99 45.58 33.15 .. 32.09 2001 36.93 34.46 39.99 43.03 45.88 x 50.10 .. .. 37.81 2002 40.16 36.79 44.34 43.90 50.06 x 53.14 .. .. 32.43 2003 39.75 36.18 43.14 44.59 49.11 56.01 52.19 .. .. 27.91 2004 48.84 45.51 51.43 51.37 70.14 98.14 63.60 .. .. 44.65 2005 88.94 83.74 100.84 96.26 89.91 100.61 89.53 .. .. 52.79 2006 98.27 94.04 106.29 109.29 111.72 89.80 102.37 .. .. 58.49 2007 84.16 79.50 93.67 98.44 98.10 x 99.84 .. .. 67.98 Sources: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Tables 23 to 27) for Australia, Canada and the US, Latin America Coal & Power for Colombia prior to 2003, Indonesia Mineral and Coal Statistics 2004 for Indonesia prior to 2003, Hill & Associates/Wood Mackenzie for Columbia and Indonesia 2003 onwards, Republic of S. Africa Minerals Bureau for South Africa. (1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable (1) from one year to the next due to differing components. (2) Low Ash Bituminous; injection grade to Japanese Steel Mills



Table 4.7 Coking Coal Prices for Industry (US$/tce) 1978

1980

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

29.67 .. 63.67 62.69 .. .. .. 51.84 62.91 .. .. .. 69.79 72.48 .. .. .. 105.55 .. .. .. 175.90 27.50 68.57 64.11 .. 70.23 .. 48.94 1998

29.57 .. 66.51 64.85 .. .. .. 58.46 71.78 .. .. .. 69.57 73.35 .. .. .. 131.85 .. 116.18 .. 243.16 28.31 103.43 72.84 127.62 83.99 .. 61.20 1999

.. .. 61.72 .. 52.62 .. .. 62.62 63.02 .. .. .. 64.88 68.03 .. .. .. 154.34 .. 93.33 .. 52.51 56.57 .. .. .. 82.07 .. 52.01 2000

.. .. 60.99 .. 49.48 .. .. 61.60 62.74 .. .. .. 64.01 66.81 .. .. .. 140.46 .. 90.07 38.06 51.65 52.85 .. .. .. 58.05 .. 53.14 2001

.. .. 57.73 .. 54.19 .. .. 62.68 62.22 .. .. .. 62.18 64.10 .. .. .. .. .. 93.99 35.18 46.28 57.53 .. .. .. 53.60 .. 52.15 2002

.. .. 56.16 .. 53.38 .. .. 54.19 58.60 .. .. .. 57.87 61.90 .. .. .. .. .. 79.83 39.54 38.48 .. .. .. .. 54.69 .. 51.62 2003

.. .. 54.21 .. 57.83 .. .. 58.42 56.65 .. .. .. 56.52 57.96 .. .. .. .. .. 80.54 52.88 37.60 .. .. .. .. 51.02 .. 50.66 2004

.. .. 57.55 .. 64.92 .. 101.01 59.55 60.34 .. .. .. 60.70 61.11 .. .. .. .. .. 89.69 59.58 43.92 .. .. .. .. 86.05 .. 51.52 2005

.. .. 57.49 .. 58.11 .. 101.95 58.50 60.96 .. .. .. 62.50 62.88 .. .. .. .. .. .. 55.76 45.25 .. .. .. .. 100.82 .. 51.52 2006

.. .. 57.58 .. 56.29 .. 106.56 55.72 60.05 .. .. .. 61.12 62.65 .. .. .. .. .. .. 49.70 42.79 .. .. .. .. 110.65 .. 51.58 2007

Australia .. .. Austria .. .. Belgium 55.48 49.29 Canada .. .. Czech Republic 58.08 56.79 Denmark .. .. Finland 107.06 105.93 France 53.43 47.44 Germany 56.13 .. Greece .. .. Hungary .. .. Ireland .. .. Italy 59.26 52.70 Japan 58.60 49.63 Korea .. .. Luxembourg .. .. Mexico .. .. Netherlands .. .. New Zealand .. .. Norway .. .. Poland 46.99 38.19 Portugal 37.82 31.74 Slovak Republic .. .. Spain .. .. Sweden .. .. Switzerland .. .. Turkey 94.11 70.90 United Kingdom .. .. United States 50.15 49.91 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 47.21 .. 50.72 .. 99.78 45.43 .. .. .. .. 53.26 45.30 .. .. .. .. .. .. 38.64 31.67 .. .. .. .. 80.19 .. 48.41

.. .. 54.03 .. 55.32 .. 105.14 50.42 .. .. .. .. 58.22 46.93 .. .. .. .. .. .. 46.38 38.85 .. .. .. .. 71.77 .. 50.67

.. .. .. .. 65.74 .. 109.88 58.03 .. .. .. .. 60.80 48.86 .. .. .. .. .. .. 47.35 32.64 .. .. .. .. 86.28 .. 55.73

.. .. .. .. .. .. 126.04 59.67 .. .. .. .. 63.51 48.83 .. .. .. .. .. .. 51.87 38.73 .. .. .. .. 92.33 .. 55.15

.. .. .. .. .. .. 158.63 72.00 .. .. .. .. 79.55 69.37 72.67 .. .. .. .. .. 95.19 .. .. .. .. .. 118.78 .. 66.99

.. .. .. .. .. .. 196.65 106.27 .. .. .. .. 108.95 104.02 116.55 .. .. .. .. .. 114.24 .. .. .. .. .. 148.10 .. 91.26

.. .. .. .. .. .. 203.29 128.98 .. .. .. .. 118.09 107.46 120.21 .. .. .. .. .. 94.25 .. .. .. .. .. 161.57 .. 101.49

.. .. .. .. .. .. 225.89 119.94 .. .. .. .. 124.14 101.94 110.17 .. .. .. .. .. 110.85 .. .. .. .. .. 200.51 .. 103.95

Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States



Table 4.8 Steam Coal Prices for Industry (US$/tce) 1978

1980

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

.. 90.20 29.62 43.97 .. 76.39 51.74 61.82 98.52 93.42 .. .. 70.05 71.25 .. .. .. 57.76 36.23 39.80 .. .. 7.88 .. 77.55 68.83 .. 49.78 36.26 1998

.. 119.83 42.87 42.76 .. 95.46 77.80 107.40 120.31 119.98 40.17 .. 56.68 74.99 32.75 .. .. 62.94 41.63 62.32 .. .. 8.51 .. 93.41 95.71 86.47 91.32 41.85 1999

.. 78.84 55.41 .. 24.44 119.95 72.35 128.20 185.76 .. 83.42 .. 58.84 70.53 61.03 .. .. 62.74 .. 53.13 .. .. 15.25 .. 92.56 72.44 79.67 88.51 40.00 2000

.. 78.62 51.69 .. 21.41 115.13 68.79 124.92 182.57 .. 90.12 .. 57.97 68.23 58.95 .. .. 58.87 .. 50.02 29.47 .. 12.16 .. 113.90 69.97 82.35 86.31 39.90 2001

.. 85.47 .. .. 25.69 115.93 66.21 134.18 206.06 .. 100.15 .. 52.09 63.43 55.40 .. .. .. .. 42.60 32.66 .. 12.77 .. .. 63.06 87.38 85.09 39.08 2002

.. 71.65 .. .. 26.70 75.90 53.56 126.83 195.74 .. 113.20 .. 53.22 67.62 53.88 .. .. .. .. 33.27 32.27 .. .. .. .. 53.55 69.97 68.02 38.71 2003

.. 70.46 .. .. 27.49 74.21 65.45 129.90 200.20 .. .. .. 51.12 57.80 53.74 .. .. .. .. 45.44 41.57 .. .. .. .. 55.73 52.26 68.64 38.76 2004

.. 82.29 .. .. 31.30 84.94 96.93 145.13 .. .. .. .. 57.35 61.98 56.04 .. .. .. .. .. 48.39 .. .. .. .. 71.07 58.81 65.58 38.59 2005

.. 74.31 .. .. 29.84 .. 89.18 142.46 .. .. .. .. 55.92 63.95 53.74 .. .. .. .. .. 49.59 .. .. .. .. 69.85 60.50 61.62 38.45 2006

.. 64.91 .. .. 27.74 .. 98.95 125.17 .. .. 59.52 .. 53.73 59.78 45.44 .. .. .. .. .. 47.88 47.43 35.96 .. .. 59.54 63.09 62.84 38.59 2007

Australia .. .. Austria 64.72 56.93 Belgium .. .. Canada .. .. Czech Republic 29.43 28.33 Denmark .. .. Finland 97.05 97.39 France 126.61 121.78 Germany .. .. Greece .. .. Hungary 63.39 .. Ireland .. .. Italy 46.24 37.90 Japan 53.75 47.47 Korea 33.39 49.55 Luxembourg .. .. Mexico .. .. Netherlands .. .. New Zealand .. .. Norway .. .. Poland 55.09 46.72 Portugal 35.69 32.14 Slovak Republic 35.38 31.85 Spain .. .. Sweden .. .. Switzerland 58.74 55.11 Turkey 61.75 57.96 United Kingdom 64.94 62.94 United States 38.42 37.60 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. 54.73 .. .. 26.96 .. 89.47 105.48 .. .. .. .. 43.46 45.69 58.34 .. .. .. .. .. 48.43 37.98 .. .. .. 60.13 53.26 59.29 37.77

.. 56.42 .. .. 28.43 .. 97.40 107.49 .. .. .. .. 50.90 49.68 51.15 .. .. .. .. .. 54.23 46.43 .. .. .. 68.67 52.42 63.72 39.02

.. 75.33 .. .. 33.88 .. 96.68 109.32 .. .. .. .. 47.01 48.27 52.96 .. .. .. .. .. 50.19 39.74 .. .. .. 61.63 69.48 65.04 39.97

.. 87.64 .. .. .. .. 113.53 130.49 .. .. .. .. 48.09 45.31 58.42 .. .. .. .. .. 56.67 47.00 .. .. .. 75.25 73.37 70.32 40.73

.. 171.25 .. .. .. .. 140.81 .. .. .. .. .. 72.13 67.20 57.89 .. .. .. .. .. 65.44 .. .. .. .. 110.05 67.16 86.73 46.79

.. 178.69 .. .. .. .. 146.63 .. .. .. .. .. 83.21 81.25 66.78 .. .. .. .. .. 77.05 .. .. .. .. 110.02 78.73 99.67 56.31

.. 181.33 .. .. .. .. 149.81 .. .. .. .. .. 78.44 81.86 61.11 .. .. .. .. .. 81.69 .. .. .. .. 111.27 79.99 99.25 56.31

.. 200.36 .. .. .. .. 166.59 .. .. .. .. .. 97.81 90.77 75.33 .. .. .. .. .. 98.25 .. .. .. .. 151.18 115.01 113.16 64.62




Table 4.9 Steam Coal Prices for Electricity Generation (US$/tce) 1978

1980

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

10.82 173.19 53.08 37.87 10.29 .. 51.74 .. 83.97 .. .. .. 41.32 90.60 .. .. .. 40.99 .. .. .. 31.26 4.30 42.60 50.00 .. .. 52.22 29.96 1998

14.48 176.96 62.51 48.63 11.54 55.86 77.80 56.31 100.08 .. 13.26 .. 57.37 90.23 .. .. 33.26 63.99 .. .. 3.07 44.39 4.82 69.75 91.90 .. 49.88 91.69 36.39 1999

29.05 80.98 59.60 61.03 20.49 .. 72.35 57.35 141.95 .. 31.18 63.11 67.72 101.84 .. .. 48.19 71.37 .. .. 15.45 58.90 8.62 .. .. .. 31.85 96.27 38.52 2000

30.35 84.42 58.83 62.50 18.16 .. 68.79 52.77 136.62 .. 26.97 57.87 66.49 98.73 .. .. 55.05 72.51 .. .. 24.36 60.18 7.62 .. .. .. 40.08 94.93 38.29 2001

.. 91.71 61.34 61.15 20.59 .. 66.21 51.70 150.89 .. 82.72 56.69 72.20 95.46 .. .. 51.43 76.37 .. .. 24.92 53.99 8.59 .. .. .. 46.80 99.58 37.27 2002

.. 84.81 54.42 .. 21.28 .. 53.56 49.22 140.59 .. 79.86 46.09 66.87 95.23 .. .. 48.07 68.71 .. .. 30.88 45.15 .. .. .. .. 56.66 78.91 36.36 2003

.. 76.78 52.55 .. 22.79 .. 65.45 49.21 143.31 .. .. 46.30 64.15 89.60 .. .. 47.78 .. .. .. 40.95 44.63 .. .. .. .. 46.35 68.93 35.58 2004

.. .. 57.28 .. 26.48 .. 96.93 55.34 163.77 .. .. 53.27 65.27 92.24 .. .. 39.17 .. .. .. 43.38 50.80 .. .. .. .. 62.46 68.57 34.58 2005

.. .. 59.85 .. 27.10 .. 89.18 54.15 56.55 .. .. 57.53 67.66 87.90 .. .. 36.19 .. .. .. 41.57 51.69 .. .. .. .. 62.04 68.04 33.82 2006

.. .. 55.95 .. 24.42 .. 59.94 53.83 49.61 .. .. 51.66 63.14 74.99 .. .. 41.13 .. .. .. 40.48 48.20 24.33 .. .. .. 54.68 68.38 33.40 2007

Australia .. .. Austria .. .. Belgium 44.82 39.63 Canada .. .. Czech Republic 26.02 26.43 Denmark .. .. Finland 49.45 45.31 France 46.68 43.11 Germany 47.17 42.45 Greece .. .. Hungary .. .. Ireland 41.07 34.88 Italy 56.89 .. Japan 63.46 55.82 Korea .. .. Luxembourg .. .. Mexico 39.66 44.02 Netherlands .. .. New Zealand .. .. Norway .. .. Poland 44.21 39.44 Portugal 41.25 36.10 Slovak Republic 23.74 20.47 Spain .. .. Sweden .. .. Switzerland .. .. Turkey 55.64 54.01 United Kingdom 61.85 58.21 United States 32.86 31.92 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. 56.94 42.95 20.54 21.88 .. 44.40 41.98 42.94 .. .. 34.26 .. 51.44 .. .. 48.69 .. .. .. 38.29 34.67 .. .. .. .. 50.45 54.98 31.51

.. 48.41 49.46 21.27 22.09 .. 53.62 51.04 52.51 .. .. 39.99 .. 53.64 .. .. 51.94 .. .. .. 42.58 44.23 .. .. .. .. 35.93 57.52 32.33

.. 55.78 45.21 22.02 23.40 .. 50.59 48.35 46.27 .. .. 42.37 .. 49.75 .. .. 51.56 .. .. .. 43.71 37.06 .. .. .. .. 53.20 55.06 32.91

.. 68.29 47.13 24.15 .. .. 55.49 47.85 50.64 .. .. 40.16 .. .. .. .. 49.13 .. .. .. 49.11 44.00 .. .. .. .. 66.43 56.88 33.33

.. 86.09 95.02 23.34 .. .. 76.99 71.64 70.87 .. .. 75.99 .. .. 50.52 .. 56.83 .. .. .. 54.20 65.92 .. .. .. .. 90.65 73.96 35.48

.. 92.70 105.36 28.15 .. .. 82.82 84.57 80.73 .. .. 79.21 .. .. 58.45 .. 62.69 .. .. .. 64.50 77.51 .. .. .. .. 88.31 81.21 40.50

.. 98.23 82.93 .. .. .. 85.36 82.25 78.92 .. .. 69.22 .. .. 54.72 .. 64.79 .. .. .. 69.76 66.84 .. .. .. .. 86.87 86.79 44.47

.. 109.24 99.07 .. .. .. 96.21 93.81 .. .. .. 94.31 .. .. 64.00 .. 70.26 .. .. .. 78.33 87.61 .. .. .. .. 97.11 101.94 46.62




5. COAL FOR OTHER USES

NTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


Table 5.1 OECD Coal-Fired and Total Electricity Generating Capacity, 1990 to 2006 (GW) 1990 Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

23.02 1.89 4.90 19.24 12.11 7.54 5.79 14.23 42.73 3.89 2.24 .. 0.87 9.03 40.47 .. 0.09 1.20 3.77 1.09 0.05 25.99 1.47 .. 10.41 .. 0.01 5.58 41.17 307.96

Coal 2004 28.66 2.31 2.23 .. 11.50 6.40 7.90 .. .. 4.81 1.85 .. 2.45 12.35 60.67 19.69 .. 5.38 .. 1.16 0.07 28.24 1.99 1.79 .. 2.84 .. 8.75 30.35 337.78

2005

2006

1990

28.89 2.25 4.09 .. 11.46 5.91 7.76 .. .. 4.81 1.51 .. 0.89 9.99 59.18 21.18 .. 5.38 .. 1.16 0.08 28.45 2.04 1.77 .. 2.76 .. 9.59 30.07 338.19

28.65 2.31 2.10 .. 11.53 5.87 7.82 .. .. 4.81 1.45 .. 0.88 9.69 50.99 21.64 .. 4.70 .. 1.15 .. 28.48 2.04 1.78 .. .. 0.21 10.67 30.93 338.39

35.50 16.69 14.14 104.14 15.28 9.14 13.22 103.41 97.75 8.51 7.18 0.94 3.81 56.56 194.73 .. 1.24 28.27 17.56 7.18 27.13 27.97 7.40 .. 43.42 34.19 16.56 16.32 73.21 733.59

Total 2004 51.12 18.62 15.65 120.46 17.43 13.34 16.57 116.98 124.57 12.43 8.63 1.51 5.80 81.34 275.27 64.53 1.66 51.12 21.83 8.92 27.96 31.89 12.71 8.28 69.58 33.70 19.08 36.82 80.21 1050.66

2005

2006

50.96 18.91 16.10 122.84 17.41 13.35 16.47 116.22 125.03 13.31 8.59 1.54 6.27 85.50 277.32 66.54 1.66 51.07 21.80 8.88 28.43 32.26 13.39 8.26 76.57 33.39 19.12 38.84 81.49 1068.57

51.37 19.20 16.26 125.81 17.51 13.02 16.56 116.18 131.58 13.57 8.62 1.73 6.44 89.49 278.78 70.08 1.67 53.80 22.98 8.91 29.51 32.36 14.46 8.22 82.14 34.13 19.12 40.57 83.14 1077.69

Source: IEA/OECD Electricity Information 2007 Note: Includes multi-fired units. Note: Includes autoproducers for all countries except Japan. Note: For further information, see Principles and Definitions.



Table 5.2 OECD Coal and Peat Use for Electricity Production and Heat Sold (Mtce)

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006


19.7 1.2 3.9 11.9 11.9 2.3 1.7 14.8 104.1 2.0 5.8 0.9 1.9 17.1 0.5 0.4 0.1 1.1 0.5 52.9 0.3 2.7 4.3 0.1 1.8 65.0 309.9

28.8 1.2 5.5 21.5 16.7 8.0 4.9 24.4 115.8 3.8 6.9 0.8 6.0 15.0 1.2 0.2 2.6 0.2 77.0 0.1 4.1 11.2 0.1 2.6 74.3 417.2

33.7 1.7 5.3 28.3 17.7 9.7 4.5 15.0 123.1 6.9 6.0 1.2 9.9 29.3 6.9 0.2 1.0 5.3 0.3 82.9 0.3 4.1 17.2 1.9 6.0 61.4 501.8

41.3 2.4 6.5 30.0 20.5 8.1 4.7 12.0 115.4 9.8 4.7 2.6 11.4 36.3 8.5 0.2 2.6 8.3 0.3 74.9 2.9 3.3 20.3 1.6 7.8 68.3 565.7

46.3 2.0 6.3 31.3 21.3 8.7 5.9 9.6 103.2 11.1 4.3 3.0 8.8 51.5 16.9 0.1 4.8 9.3 0.4 60.0 4.2 3.1 21.9 1.4 10.5 49.7 636.7

60.0 2.0 4.7 39.7 20.9 5.2 4.9 10.7 98.8 11.8 4.3 2.7 9.6 69.1 33.7 6.8 8.2 0.8 56.2 4.6 2.4 26.7 1.1 14.1 41.1 716.5

67.5 2.4 4.0 38.1 20.4 5.7 7.1 9.0 101.1 11.9 3.8 2.9 13.0 78.5 43.4 9.5 8.7 1.2 54.9 4.7 2.2 27.0 1.4 11.9 42.3 687.6

66.4 2.8 3.8 36.5 20.6 7.9 9.8 9.8 101.3 12.1 4.0 2.7 14.1 83.2 44.7 10.9 8.9 1.8 57.6 4.5 2.8 24.9 1.5 11.6 46.2 700.3

68.1 2.9 3.8 33.8 20.6 5.9 8.5 9.2 103.2 12.4 3.7 2.4 16.4 86.0 50.1 8.3 8.5 2.2 56.6 4.6 2.5 25.6 1.5 12.1 44.5 704.6

72.2 2.6 3.5 34.6 20.1 4.9 4.8 10.3 97.2 12.4 3.1 2.7 16.1 89.0 51.9 11.4 8.0 2.5 56.4 4.8 2.5 25.6 1.2 13.5 46.0 718.7

74.3 2.6 3.2 32.6 20.1 7.6 8.5 8.9 99.4 11.3 2.9 2.5 16.4 87.5 54.0 10.1 7.7 2.4 58.4 4.7 2.4 21.0 1.2 16.2 50.4 709.6


279.3 279.3 321.7 321.8 37.8

366.1 366.1 438.7 438.7 45.2

380.2 380.2 530.1 531.0 70.2

386.1 386.1 595.8 598.3 86.4

344.5 344.5 668.0 672.8 115.1

330.0 330.0 756.2 763.1 163.6

334.4 334.4 725.8 735.2 190.6

346.9 346.9 736.8 747.8 196.1

345.1 345.1 738.4 746.8 206.4

335.7 335.7 753.3 764.7 215.5

345.6 345.6 742.2 752.3 218.3

638.8 850.0 980.5 1068.2 IEA Total 638.9 850.0 981.4 1070.8 OECD Total Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1127.5 1132.3

1249.9 1256.7

1250.7 1260.2

1279.8 1290.7

1289.9 1298.3

1304.5 1315.9

1306.0 1316.2

Source: For further information, see Principles and Definitions. Note: "Coal" refers to all coal types, primary (including hard and brown coal), peat and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke Note: oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been Note: converted to Mtce units using calorific values largely submitted in annual questionnaires to the IEA Secretariat by OECD Note: Member Countries.



Table 5.3 OECD Coal Use in Coke Ovens (million tonnes)

1973

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

9.5 2.3 9.9 7.7 18.6 15.3 46.3 0.5 1.6 10.4 62.3 0.4 2.8 3.4 0.4 21.6 0.4 2.8 6.4 0.7 2.0 24.0 87.3

7.0 2.4 7.9 7.3 12.2 14.6 38.7 0.4 1.4 11.2 65.7 4.0 4.0 3.7 0.4 25.3 0.3 2.1 5.2 1.7 2.6 13.5 60.5

5.5 2.4 7.8 6.3 10.6 11.3 31.5 0.9 10.1 67.6 7.0 3.8 4.1 0.4 20.5 0.4 2.5 4.9 1.6 3.7 9.7 37.2

5.9 2.3 7.2 5.0 8.5 0.7 9.5 24.1 1.0 8.6 65.2 11.7 2.9 3.8 18.2 0.3 2.9 4.5 1.5 4.7 10.1 35.3

5.9 1.9 4.7 4.2 6.6 1.7 7.7 13.7 1.4 6.7 60.8 14.1 2.7 4.0 15.4 0.5 2.4 3.3 1.6 4.2 8.1 29.9

4.8 1.9 3.9 4.2 4.6 1.3 6.5 11.4 1.3 6.4 57.4 16.4 2.7 3.0 12.3 0.5 2.2 3.6 1.8 4.2 8.2 26.0

4.3 1.9 3.7 4.2 4.6 1.3 6.4 8.9 0.6 5.4 59.5 15.4 1.8 3.0 11.9 2.3 3.6 1.7 3.5 5.8 21.5

4.7 1.9 3.6 4.2 4.6 1.3 6.1 9.5 0.8 4.9 59.5 15.6 1.8 3.1 13.8 2.4 3.6 1.7 4.0 5.7 19.6

5.1 1.9 3.6 4.4 4.6 1.3 5.9 10.3 0.8 4.8 59.0 16.0 1.8 3.1 13.6 2.4 3.9 1.8 4.3 5.5 18.9

5.4 1.9 3.4 4.3 4.3 1.3 5.8 10.2 0.8 5.1 59.4 15.4 2.0 3.2 11.2 2.4 3.6 1.8 4.2 5.6 18.4

4.7 1.9 3.7 4.3 4.3 1.2 5.9 10.4 1.3 5.8 59.9 15.1 1.9 3.0 12.8 2.4 3.7 2.2 4.7 5.9 18.6

IEA Total 333.5 288.1 246.0 231.2 OECD Total 336.3 292.1 249.8 234.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

199.0 201.7

181.8 184.5

169.5 171.3

170.5 172.3

171.3 173.1

167.7 169.7

171.8 173.7


Source: For further information, see Principles and Definitions.

Table 5.4 World Consumption of Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) Coals 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

933 1840 2262 714 11165 3741 1207 488 575 442 683 2425e 231 2119

744 2061 2287 697 11045 4663 1235 404 495 398 665 1988 215 2328

646 1990 3060 771 11097 5005 1330 380 360 363 815 1850 336 2428

591 2103 2641 955 10416 5065e 1406 385 405 423 821 1733 231 2059

479 2373 2770 1154 10440 5481 1472 377 493 417 983 1252 233 2160

469 2522 2975 1299 10670 5603 1289 470 362 426 998 1409 198 2266

23196 48108 55660 55976 57234 59052 59822 62422 60216 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

61764

63540

Total World

1997

1998

414 1085 1730 170 5252 .. 619 178 .. 182 656 183 487 ..

904 1708 2034 1099e 9632 2303 1166 267 221 191 607 3001 255 65

998 1746 2221 1058 10296 2433 1207 284 384 262 559 2981 356 2397

(thousand tonnes) 1999 2000

2001

Belgium France Germany Italy Japan Korea Netherlands Slovakia Spain Sweden United Kingdom United States Colombia India

1990

1022 1956 2284 972e 10565 2554 1167 320 496 285 483 2731e 231 2237

975 2033 2530 941 10936 3031 1045 351 543 271 451 2500e 231 2111



6. CHARTS



Chart 1: World Steam and Coking Coal Production (million tonnes) 6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007e Hard Coal

Steam Coal

Coking Coal

Chart 2: World Steam and Coking Coal Trade (million tonnes)

800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100

19 78 19 79 19 80 19 81 19 82 19 83 19 84 19 85 19 86 19 87 19 88 19 89 19 90 19 91 19 92 19 93 19 94 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 0 20 6 07 e

0

Steam Coal Exports

Coking Coal Exports



Chart 3: Coking Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t)

150

130

110

90

70

50

30 1980

1983

1986

1989

1992

CIF Japan

1995

1998

2001

2004

2007

2001

2004

2007

CIF EU Member States

Chart 4: Steam Coal Price CIF Japan and CIF EU Member States (US$/t)

90

80

70

60

50

40

30 1980

1983

1986

1989 CIF Japan


1992

1995

1998



Chart 5: Steam Coal Price US FOB vs. US Domestic (US$/t)

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 US Domestic

US FOB

45

90

40

80

35

70

30

60

25

50

20

40

15

30

10

20

5

10

0 1980

1983

1986

1989

1992

US Export volume

1995

1998

2001

2004

US$/t

Million tonnes

Chart 6: Steam Coal Price CIF EU Member States (US$/t) and US Exports (million tonnes)

0 2007




Chart 7: OECD Total Primary Energy Supply (Mtce)

9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1973

1980 Coal

1990 Oil

Gas

2004

2005

Nuclear

Hydro

2006

2007e

Others

Chart 8: OECD Coal Consumption and Indicators 2000=100

140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007e GDP

Industrial Production

Coal Supply

Electricity Generation


Total TPES


Chart 9: Japan Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e Steam Coal Import

Steam Coal Supply

GDP

Chart 10: EU Member States Steam Coal Supply, Imports, GDP Annual Growth Rates

25%

5%

20%

4%

3%

% change

10%

3% 5% 2% 0% 2% -5%

1%

-10%

% change GDP

4%

15%

1%

-15%

0%

-20% -1% 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007e Steam Coal Import

Steam Coal Supply

GDP



Chart 11: Hard Coal Production by Region (million tonnes)

6000 5500 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1983

1985 Europe

1987

1989

Former USSR

1991

1993

North America

1995

1997

Latin America

1999

2001

Asia

2003

Aus. + N.Z.

2005

2007e

Africa

Chart 12: Hard Coal Consumption by Region (million tonnes) 6000 5500 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1983

1985 Europe

1987

1989

Former USSR


1991

1993

North America

1995

1997

Latin America

1999 Asia

2001

2003

Aus. + N.Z.

2005 Africa

2007e


Chart 13: Hard Coal Imports by Region (million tonnes) 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1983

1985 Europe

1987

1989

1991

Former USSR

1993

North America

1995

1997

Latin America

1999 Asia

2001

2003

Aus. + N.Z.

2005

2007e

Africa

Chart 14: Hard Coal Exports by Region (million tonnes)

1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1983

1985 Europe

1987

1989

Former USSR

1991

1993

North America

1995

1997

Latin America

1999 Asia

2001

2003

Aus. + N.Z.

2005

2007e

Africa


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART III - III.1

PART III DETAILED OECD COAL DATA



DIRECTORY OF PART III CHARTS AND TABLES Part III of Coal Information contains detailed statistical information on coal for all 30 Member countries of the OECD and for regional aggregates (OECD Total, OECD North America, OECD/IEA Pacific, OECD Europe, IEA Total, IEA North America, IEA Europe). The charts and tables of regional aggregates are presented before the country tables which are set out in alphabetical order. Data for each OECD and IEA region and country are illustrated in charts at the beginning of each section. This is followed by detailed statistical information presented in several tables for each region and country. It should be noted that not all tables are shown for all countries. For example, in the case where a country has no or very few coal exports, the related tables (on volumes and values) are omitted. The content of current charts and tables is described below.

Charts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Total Primary Energy Supply by Fuel Coal Supply Indicators Primary Coal Supply Coal Consumption Electricity Generation by Fuel CO2 Emissions by Fuel

Tables: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) by Fuel Energy Supply, GDP and Population Coal Production by Type Final Consumption of Energy by Fuel Coal Balance Use of Coal for Selected End-Uses Fuel Prices to End Users Coal Trade by Type of Coal Hard Coal Imports by Origin Coking Coal Exports by Destination Steam Coal Exports by Destination Coal Import Values by Origin Coal Export Values by Destination

Interpreting energy data and comparing statistics between countries is made difficult by differences in definitions used by countries in the collection and reporting of data. In the section Principles and Definitions such differences are explained. The conventions used by the Secretariat in presenting energy data are also reported. In particular, readers are strongly advised to read the country notes. Conversion factors are also included for reference.



SPECIAL NOTES FOR CHARTS AND TABLES In each table Hard coal is the sum of Coking coal and Steam coal. Data for 2007 are provisional with the exception of Tables 7, 12 and 13 where data for 2007 are final. US$ refers to dollars used in the United States of America.

Chart 1: Total Primary Energy Supply by Fuel Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Units: All flows shown are indices with base year 1970=100.

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, 2008 Edition. Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of CO2 (Sectoral Approach).

Table 1: Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) by Fuel Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Table 2: Energy Supply, GDP and Population Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition.

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition.

Units: GDP is shown in billions of 2000 US$, TPES/GDP is tce/thousands 2000 US$. Population is shown in millions, TPES/population in tce/capita. Electricity generation is shown in TWh. All other flows are indices, with base year 2000 = 100.

Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Table 3: Coal Production by Type

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply

Chart 4: Coal Consumption Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics and Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Units: All data shown are in terawatt hours (TWh).

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Units: First part of table is shown in Mtce; second part is the corresponding amount in million tonnes. Country specific net calorific values are used for conversion.

Table 4: Final Consumption of Energy by Fuel and Table 5: Coal Balance Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition.


III.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART III

Units: All data shown are in million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Table 8: Coal Trade by Type of Coal

Table 6: Use of Coal for Selected End-Uses

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition.

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes.

Table 7: Fuel Prices to End Users Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. Units: First part of table is shown in nominal United States Dollars per tce. Second part of table is shown in a country specific national currency or nominal US Dollars for regional totals per unit (for coals and oils per metric tonnes, for natural gas per 107 kilocalories GCV). Note: Prices for regional totals are calculated as weighted average of available price data in the region and therefore prices shown should be considered only indicative. Consumption is used as weight. Data are converted from unit prices to tce using the country specific calorific values.


Units: All data shown are in millions tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).

Table 9: Hard Coal Imports by Origin, Table 10: Coking Coal Exports by Destination and Table 11: Steam Coal Exports by Destination Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics. Units: All data shown are in thousand tonnes.

Table 12: Coal Import Values by Origin and Table 13: Coal Export Values by Destination Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics. Units: Average Unit price in US$ per tonne. CIF price for imports and FOB price for exports. Note: On occasion shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import or export costs.


OECD Total* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)

Chart 2: Coal Supply Indicators (1971 = 100)

9000

120

8000 100 7000 80

6000 5000

60

4000 40

3000 2000

20

1000 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 1800

1600

1600

1400

1400

1200

1200

1000

1000

800

800

600

600

400

400

200

200

12000

1977

1983 1989 Production Exports

1989 1995 Coal/TPES Coal/Population Coal/GDP

2001

2007e

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce)

1800

0 1971

1983

1995 2001 2007e Coal Supply Imports

0 1971

1976 1981 1986 Electricity and Heat Industry

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) 14000

1991 1996 2001 2006 Other Transformation Other Use

Chart 6: CO2 Emissions by Fuel (Mt CO2)

12000

10000

10000

8000

8000 6000 6000 4000 4000 2000

2000

0 1971

1977

Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other

*Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. Peat is included in coal for all charts. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


OECD Total 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 5354.29 5819.13 6459.68 Coal and Peat 1204.78 1373.12 1518.74 Oil 2826.35 2798.57 2708.82 Gas 1008.33 1110.34 1199.47 Comb. Renew/Waste 122.91 155.47 201.89 Nuclear 70.31 231.79 642.87 Hydro 112.09 133.26 143.73 Geothermal 8.68 14.55 38.59 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.10 2.67 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.77 1.93 2.88 Heat(2) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

7607.77 1565.61 3090.30 1647.23 253.28 835.63 161.97 44.61 8.23 0.38 0.54

7934.29 1619.25 3213.12 1729.21 283.45 873.47 155.93 40.71 16.33 2.13 0.71

7910.60 1626.64 3156.31 1728.92 300.70 877.15 158.03 40.95 19.42 1.79 0.69

7986.57 1660.38 3136.32 1807.27 311.03 846.20 154.99 45.43 23.77 0.49 0.68

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.11 1.37 -0.25 1.03 2.96 13.90 1.47 9.17 24.04 8.03 -

1.27 0.43 0.96 2.31 2.52 1.96 0.59 0.37 13.19 -2.93 22.32

(1) Net trade between OECD and Non-OECD countries. (2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the Transformation Sector.

2. ENERGY SUPPLY, GDP AND POPULATION*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

12149 14705 19910 25677 28353 29169 0.44 0.40 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.27 Population (millions) 902.1 964.6 1043.6 1129.9 1170.4 1177.9 TPES/population(1) 5.94 6.03 6.19 6.73 6.78 6.72 TPES/GDP(2) 148.8 133.6 109.5 100.0 94.4 91.5 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 162.6 153.1 125.1 100.0 93.7 91.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 96.3 100.3 99.5 100.0 98.3 96.4 Elec. Generation (TWh) 4454 5644 7568 9618 10386 10460 Industrial Production(2) .. 60.9 76.7 100.0 105.1 109.4 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

29908 0.27 1184.0 6.75 90.1 91.0 .. 10726 112.4

GDP (2000 bil. US$) TPES/GDP(1)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.95 -1.79 0.86 0.25 -1.79 -1.53 0.20 3.17 -

2.42 -1.11 0.76 0.51 -1.11 -1.94 -0.20 2.04 2.24

(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2000 thousand US$, TPES/population in units of tce/capita. (2) As index, 2000 = 100

3. COAL AND PEAT PRODUCTION BY TYPE* Average annual percent change 78-90 90-06

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

251.90 772.89 213.08 2.30

275.77 869.55 230.24 2.67

251.12 981.99 272.10 4.96

228.76 937.94 213.97 3.38

233.64 981.74 211.70 4.60

226.94 999.29 213.28 6.00

246.89 985.81 214.16 2.97

-0.03 2.02 2.06 6.61

-0.63 0.11 -1.51 1.19

Mt: Coking Coal 258.23 281.27 254.12 235.95 243.92 236.76 257.73 Steam Coal 930.00 1054.65 1193.52 1151.92 1234.62 1262.98 1252.74 Brown Coal 666.16 699.43 814.60 620.84 623.32 621.53 628.42 Peat 8.05 9.34 14.68 10.36 13.72 17.65 8.78 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-0.13 2.10 1.69 5.13

-0.44 0.35 -1.68 1.16

Mtce: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


OECD Total 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06

1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

4041.96 408.12 2287.08 736.48 118.56 0.51 461.64 29.59

4217.05 355.34 2268.32 812.12 147.30 0.73 0.04 582.27 50.93

4472.12 329.51 2327.14 843.47 127.14 2.96 2.04 782.23 57.62

5256.77 196.97 2718.87 1063.47 187.49 3.98 4.41 1013.52 68.07

5460.03 194.46 2835.84 1067.26 188.08 4.65 4.28 1075.27 90.18

5478.70 187.71 2840.86 1048.74 197.70 4.95 4.34 1100.03 94.38

5463.40 192.79 2828.53 1020.54 208.03 5.06 4.56 1109.82 94.06

0.60 -1.25 0.10 0.80 0.41 10.94 3.15 4.00

1.26 -3.29 1.23 1.20 3.13 3.41 5.15 2.21 3.11

Total Industry Coal and Peat Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

1364.31 256.11 444.57 362.46 60.03 0.04 225.58 15.52

1340.07 226.51 395.06 360.98 70.11 0.04 265.33 22.05

1176.27 227.01 241.63 321.76 51.41 0.38 0.01 314.39 19.68

1296.00 169.04 209.69 402.38 100.67 0.44 0.14 391.53 22.11

1255.47 165.86 208.24 377.45 93.80 0.42 0.18 376.84 32.69

1236.80 160.00 210.97 357.09 96.60 0.42 0.18 377.83 33.72

1236.57 164.38 205.12 354.75 98.91 0.42 0.18 379.04 33.76

-0.87 -0.71 -3.52 -0.70 -0.91 13.75 1.97 1.41

0.31 -2.00 -1.02 0.61 4.17 0.73 18.68 1.18 3.43

Total Transport Coal and Peat Oil Gas

1022.88 10.30 980.74 24.28

1150.12 3.64 1113.61 24.22

1402.27 0.40 1364.16 26.68

1728.52 0.14 1678.56 30.86

1818.93 0.11 1763.41 28.59

1838.26 0.14 1777.02 30.83

1857.74 0.11 1788.26 31.13

1.87 -17.38 1.96 0.56

1.77 -7.59 1.71 0.97

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal and Peat Oil Gas

0.00 7.55 781.07 95.33 282.44 220.01

0.00 8.64 791.21 83.53 213.05 256.00

0.00 11.03 845.46 63.90 170.33 286.17

5.75 13.21 981.79 19.38 181.32 367.98

12.90 13.91 1012.27 15.99 172.08 389.78

16.24 14.02 1028.57 16.49 168.69 392.32

24.14 14.10 998.07 18.62 157.05 371.40

-2.02 2.25 0.47 -2.33 -2.93 1.56

x 1.55 1.04 -7.42 -0.51 1.64

Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal and Peat Oil Gas

38.88 0.42 132.92 11.07 406.50 24.34 186.43 104.05

41.23 0.64 0.04 177.30 19.42 419.44 26.26 151.20 113.78

53.89 1.38 1.91 240.89 26.97 503.83 22.87 121.24 144.59

73.28 2.22 4.00 305.19 28.42 616.26 4.38 115.49 187.63

73.49 2.67 3.81 333.10 21.35 662.76 7.56 117.46 200.66

76.58 2.93 3.83 346.05 21.69 670.00 6.19 114.15 199.53

76.59 3.01 4.02 345.73 21.66 660.98 4.99 101.92 195.83

1.94 7.32 3.56 5.38 1.27 -0.37 -2.50 1.95

2.22 4.98 4.75 2.28 -1.36 1.71 -9.08 -1.08 1.91

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.54 0.51 Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.10 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.09 Electricity 89.29 123.43 206.18 Heat 1.21 3.21 8.24 Non-Energy Use 314.77 341.19 410.44 Coal and Peat 4.42 3.27 3.16 Oil 302.45 313.63 357.16 Gas 7.90 24.30 50.12 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3.71 0.67 0.16 293.13 11.08 518.13 2.07 458.18 57.88

5.76 0.90 0.25 320.13 10.05 553.84 2.61 498.33 52.91

5.88 0.96 0.27 332.68 10.33 546.38 2.71 493.62 50.06

5.81 0.99 0.30 341.60 9.56 551.44 2.79 500.39 48.26

-4.66 10.56 5.05 11.97 1.57 -1.96 0.98 11.48

16.36 15.39 7.80 3.21 0.93 1.86 -0.77 2.13 -0.24

TFC(1) Coal and Peat Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat

of which:

(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


OECD Total 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

Production Imports Exports Stock Changes

1169.0 173.9 -158.7 20.6

1378.2 236.0 -215.8 -25.3

1510.2 313.3 -283.3 -21.4

1384.0 429.3 -305.7 57.9

1431.7 507.0 -326.0 6.5

1445.5 538.3 -331.3 -25.8

1449.8 545.8 -345.5 10.2

1.5 3.5 3.5 x

-0.3 3.4 1.0 x

Primary Supply

1204.8

1373.1

1518.7

1565.6

1619.2

1626.6

1660.4

1.4

0.4

Statistical Difference

21.2

-14.5

9.6

4.9

-15.4

-13.6

..

x

x

Total Transformation

-780.8

-975.1

-1177.0

-1353.6

-1398.5

-1401.9

..

2.4

1.1

Electricity and Heat Gen. Main activity producers (1)

-638.9 -617.8 -21.1

-850.0 -786.5 -63.6

-1070.8 -1003.5 -67.3

-1256.7 -1203.1 -53.6

-1315.9 -1270.7 -45.3

-1316.2 -1269.1 -47.0

.. .. ..

3.1 2.9 7.1

1.3 1.5 -2.2

-12.0

-8.4

-6.3

-3.6

-3.5

-3.7

..

-3.7

-3.3

-129.9 2.2 -93.2 -38.2 -0.8

-116.6 1.4 -79.5 -38.6 0.1

-99.8 -1.1 -75.7 -18.4 -4.6

-93.3 -0.3 -78.4 -14.5 -0.0

-79.1 -0.4 -71.2 -14.0 6.5

-82.1 -0.4 -72.4 -13.4 4.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.5 -1.2 -4.2 11.2

-1.2 -6.7 -0.3 -2.0 -

Autoproducers Gas Works (2)

Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-33.7

-26.7

-21.0

-18.9

-16.4

-16.9

..

-2.8

-1.3

-3.3

-1.5

-0.8

-1.1

-1.2

-1.5

..

x

x

408.1

355.3

329.5

197.0

187.7

192.8

..

-1.3

-3.3

256.1 133.2 26.4 20.3 11.6

226.5 106.2 24.7 32.1 11.2

227.0 82.8 27.9 41.3 16.1

169.0 62.4 18.1 35.6 8.2

160.0 56.6 16.2 31.0 10.9

164.4 58.2 16.5 31.3 10.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.7 -2.8 0.3 4.3 2.0

-2.0 -2.2 -3.2 -1.7 -2.9

10.3

3.6

0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

-17.4

-7.6

137.3 24.3 95.3

121.9 26.3 83.5

98.9 22.9 63.9

25.7 4.4 19.4

24.9 6.2 16.5

25.5 5.0 18.6

.. .. ..

-1.9 -0.4 -2.3

-8.1 -9.1 -7.4

Non-energy Use 4.4 3.3 3.2 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2.1

2.7

2.8

..

-2.0

-0.8

Own use Distribution Losses (4)

Final Consumption (5)

Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6) Other Sectors

(7)

Comm. and pub. services Residential

(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal and peat to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, (2) briquettes, coke oven gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for detailed explanation. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by * the respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



OECD Total 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

940.11 701.37 651.67 49.70 25.21 27.71 0.01 2.99 92.99 9.59 13.82 27.16 9.02 33.41 57.64 0.08

1050.03 809.95 758.04 51.90 26.39 27.55 0.01 2.55 101.63 8.43 17.07 33.86 9.62 32.65 55.46 0.11

1215.26 1005.29 957.44 47.85 22.83 24.18 4.41 0.55 115.64 7.14 22.51 41.34 15.77 28.89 33.37 0.33

1369.13 1233.61 1200.64 32.97 2.06 13.25 10.46 99.25 7.35 17.38 36.28 8.52 29.72 17.46 0.36

1472.61 1210.40 1180.72 29.68 109.46 12.72 9.72 95.68 9.37 13.80 32.63 10.86 29.03 17.64 0.49

1500.94 1229.57 1202.78 26.79 122.25 13.42 9.74 94.95 9.18 14.64 31.52 11.35 28.26 17.22 0.71

1501.35 1258.16 1230.51 27.65 96.99 13.29 10.28 97.14 9.59 14.46 31.89 10.50 30.71 16.89 0.57

2.16 3.05 3.26 -0.32 -0.82 -1.13 75.96 -13.21 1.83 -2.43 4.15 3.56 4.77 -1.20 -4.45 12.80

1.33 1.41 1.58 -3.37 9.46 -3.67 5.44 -1.08 1.86 -2.73 -1.61 -2.51 0.38 -4.17 3.40

266.96 7.14 6.19 0.95 250.17 5.74 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.18 0.28 -

283.48 10.83 9.59 1.25 264.53 0.28 5.40 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.21 0.33 -

237.35 18.23 14.32 3.91 209.86 6.71 0.10 2.14 1.63 0.01 0.49 0.16 -

205.48 13.37 10.17 3.20 171.29 15.81 2.59 0.18 0.00 0.02 2.39 0.10 0.23

199.98 13.99 11.41 2.58 2.60 160.38 18.09 0.55 0.26 0.02 0.28 0.12 0.19

189.96 12.70 10.73 1.97 2.81 156.29 18.75 0.79 0.21 0.01 0.57 0.13 0.22

194.44 12.20 9.95 2.25 2.26 160.42 19.03 0.71 0.49 0.22 0.11 0.23

-0.97 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.45 -28.89 19.24 30.01 13.00 8.98 -4.53 -

-1.24 -2.48 -2.25 -3.39 -1.67 6.74 -6.68 -7.26 -4.96 -2.15 -

666.47 700.63 825.72 427.96 456.10 613.94 410.91 435.18 584.14 17.05 20.91 29.80 137.19 142.64 111.07 6.40 6.34 8.49 51.14 50.46 45.10 1.12 1.44 2.25 14.39 15.72 11.02 1.65 1.67 2.12 4.51 4.63 2.09 29.47 26.99 27.63 28.94 37.01 41.60 Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.67 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

630.42 585.42 576.76 8.66 13.13 0.00 7.02 17.14 1.00 3.52 0.90 0.58 11.14 8.82 0.16

625.04 578.85 570.68 8.17 12.77 0.00 6.38 13.01 0.74 3.42 0.54 0.39 7.93 9.43 0.19

631.84 588.70 580.57 8.12 13.29 0.00 6.88 10.67 0.90 3.43 0.56 0.51 5.28 8.07 0.21

626.58 579.46 571.42 8.05 13.69 0.00 7.10 11.93 0.84 3.70 0.68 0.36 6.35 9.11 0.20

1.80 3.05 2.97 4.76 -1.74 2.38 -1.04 6.02 -2.20 2.10 -6.21 -0.54 3.07 -1.78

-1.71 -0.36 -0.14 -7.86 -12.27 -1.12 -7.98 -5.97 -6.59 -6.88 -10.37 -8.78 -9.05 -7.24

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

(1) Residential, Commercial and Public Services. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



OECD Total 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

(US Dollars / tce) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal Coking Coal High Suplhur Fuel Oil Low Sulphur Fuel Oil Natural Gas

(US Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry Steam Coal .. Coking Coal .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. Natural Gas .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) For Steam Coal, Coking Coal and Heavy Fuel Oil per metric tonne; for Natural Gas per 107 kilocalories GCV. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.

8. COAL TRADE BY TYPE OF COAL* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

173.89 144.69 .. .. 5.30 23.90

235.98 209.71 124.70 85.01 5.73 20.54

313.28 292.08 140.67 151.41 7.18 0.10 13.92

429.35 402.40 136.08 266.32 5.35 0.10 21.50

484.31 456.02 127.86 328.17 7.11 0.15 21.03

519.33 489.41 137.87 351.54 5.58 0.16 24.17

506.98 480.97 133.71 347.26 6.86 0.13 19.02

538.30 511.58 137.46 374.12 7.88 0.11 18.73

545.83 519.56 135.92 383.64 7.39 0.13 18.75

Total Exports 158.67 215.81 283.30 305.73 303.98 315.28 325.96 Hard Coal 131.78 188.15 261.26 289.26 288.60 298.80 310.82 Coking Coal .. 120.16 149.18 162.73 154.65 160.07 177.05 Steam Coal .. 67.99 112.08 126.53 133.95 138.73 133.77 Brown Coal / Lignite 1.44 4.58 4.79 3.84 2.52 2.66 2.88 Peat 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.05 Coal Products(1) 25.46 23.08 17.13 12.57 12.81 13.78 12.21 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

331.35 312.73 171.79 140.93 2.84 0.04 15.75

345.48 327.79 186.32 141.47 3.37 0.01 14.31

Total Imports Hard Coal Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1)

(1) Coal Products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



OECD Total 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

165001

217820

305041

441771

501675

538286

537530

569100

577749

97943 29796 11598 909 10948 6619 79 25075 116

121630 32520 11811 1072 8326 5055 66 48999 252

135933 49608 16250 774 3141 2570 65 43205 305

138570 67156 17972 3388 2 3125 24037 398

130279 66120 13501 4059 2755 36 13991 461

140363 68654 14050 3656 108 2955 5 18098 419

135929 65876 15011 3366 289 3253 6 19348 440

139594 68770 15492 4562 3 4053 17668 385

137997 72748 16866 4944 3896 1 17628 524

420 2566 5249 4568

979 3347 4890 4313

2803 177 714 3213 8569 4539

9557 140 6327 991 4825 26 454 80 92

13777 374 7716 432 5380 512 1109 56

14641 287 9201 456 6058 613 969 193

10111 202 9850 320 6326 548 872 111

9194 222 10622 90 6712 713 815 40 253

3732 240 9681 261 6657 175 409 235

67058 4556 970 243 6716 16292 2285 9296 980

96190 9137 1099 255 4145 17258 4184 24092 1406

169108 34664 9885 327 2124 10802 2428 35894 3686

303201 77808 10649 2393 437 17722 593 21907 4308

371396 92659 7529 1814 329 15470 420 11331 4465

397923 96918 6189 1801 549 15280 352 15677 3346

401601 100918 6703 1004 572 14826 298 10973 3554

429506 101213 7641 1214 468 14324 181 10496 3593

439752 106374 10005 1303 311 9541 245 10524 5019

534 11967 3012 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 10207 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

1503 9 21112 2638 9352

6287 10450 1000 33156 9517 1752 150 6986

34741 29234 23066 46319 20881 894 5041 1573 5635

52234 38773 36060 59071 35769 1721 8887 3201 1663

42657 41657 47184 55933 51967 2430 6127 3591 6265

35033 47182 52904 53092 59445 3183 5108 2699 4107

31373 49398 66636 55406 68509 2696 5344 3304 7710

31535 54697 65733 51864 73925 3089 5030 2620 7937

Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some OECD Member Countries. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



OECD Total 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

91030

119031

151443

169287

160526

168593

186619

180876

196360

83662 813 3468 5410 7661 714 191 6868 42951 2503 286 10 2971 68 265 5126 1888 769 18 498 1027 157

107916 664 3835 5694 143 47 9186 1916 412 6 198 9285 56274 4260 1 28 3516 252 305 4345 2889 1196 99 796 2569 -

120206 785 7345 4018 50 127 8301 761 28 1 8576 55617 7961 3 5175 99 765 3681 4265 1568 3 2869 7436 772

128061 122 1844 4583 3501 214 1005 6670 4891 1075 48 4 7451 52886 15305 1406 4745 95 538 198 1570 4616 2128 46 3954 8626 540

111942 1856 2582 3263 411 1214 6085 3430 541 83 2 5123 49741 10710 1821 5980 139 399 2010 4367 1341 3141 6291 1412

118510 1713 2733 3431 462 20 1090 5746 3862 553 385 82 5 4607 50154 13986 1704 7461 32 572 88 2308 4220 1777 22 3139 6449 1909

131497 1753 3429 4034 523 1181 5535 4373 449 57 15 6494 54450 17954 1582 8055 18 592 1909 4598 1690 3599 7366 1841

125517 1547 3594 4134 944 1172 5061 4658 674 19 1 6506 52961 12277 2125 9336 1367 2353 3678 1596 3357 6606 1551

129430 1583 3625 3299 1024 848 5842 4835 579 30 1 6785 57313 8570 2204 10574 14 1501 2820 3932 1765 3466 7253 1567

7368 2121 1186 218 232 1348 521 951 69 722

11023 3490 1196 1021 490 1120 808 1663 168 1067

26033 7618 3155 1009 4895 50 3815 1068 1372 1823 1228

37791 10695 7713 1211 10795 56 505 1825 1869 1316 1806

39500 9602 4901 1765 14126 161 260 3028 2004 2652 1001

43820 8779 6749 1157 14395 311 2735 2050 6447 1197

50992 8376 8365 1414 18520 129 593 3184 2381 6363 1667

46337 9288 8937 1392 17351 194 146 811 2455 3937 1826

50887 11293 8455 1700 18760 213 287 1047 2566 4237 2329

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

92

5204

3435

9084

6263

4130

9022

16043

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Europe and FSU

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



OECD Total 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

65973

78163

123767

143309

153428

158263

154249

160710

161034

24309 15 2555 8782 1542 6 3314 2116 1 209 115 1732 356 52 1021 167 15 237 21 70 82 79 1040 782

42733 27 3697 10136 2838 390 6181 4094 5 448 956 5007 563 96 3136 108 33 322 983 118 265 3269 61

79894 2 14 3536 10083 4845 206 3657 2648 33 1790 4544 30430 4243 3 188 8516 1 369 1 1572 746 302 80 15 1845 225

119624 1312 1509 13524 864 2594 1228 3370 15020 112 279 7 1208 1360 51786 13730 93 373 3556 16 671 15 348 286 1874 253 20 110 3866 240

125628 22 1503 852 15570 750 2038 1817 3380 14164 276 257 6 1525 833 52906 14765 52 3363 2508 118 399 37 1521 299 1702 753 96 154 3069 893

133742 1622 1258 12681 783 2262 1272 3185 16814 69 258 16 1626 727 60417 16886 42 2367 2698 106 592 7 781 294 1081 453 8 67 4436 934

128028 1201 1293 13644 719 1220 963 3613 13088 144 300 45 1163 409 58239 18696 38 4579 2205 56 496 82 580 257 349 443 8 178 3668 352

134354 1316 865 13949 946 1371 927 3652 16278 133 264 81 516 155 60705 21157 30 4918 1506 82 422 17 411 206 860 371 17 2867 332

131041 1329 862 13402 1372 1099 452 2610 12535 104 143 75 577 941 61843 20454 39 4944 2849 83 228 9 486 169 618 367 3 1 3222 225

355 11 76 3 82 129 54

2983 110 1521 462 66 576 166 82

14570 345 6866 1 2551 48 1058 33 1039 642 1624 363

23103 22 10034 2 421 2469 2623 828 1438 4321 945

24571 232 10817 1 735 1544 1296 554 848 7149 1395

23712 883 9896 1 1202 2014 1716 135 859 1358 5354 294

26019 726 14330 4 374 1430 1170 844 499 681 5765 196

25845 231 13208 17 77 1297 321 931 192 371 8165 1035

28839 150 13300 9 78 1235 494 1069 2484 793 8242 985

Non-Specified/Other 41309 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

32447

29303

582

3229

809

202

511

1154





OECD Total 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

55.65

62.27

56.28

46.42

47.26

67.40

97.98

106.49

103.59

49.29 66.05 182.83 54.82 58.55 46.06 43.53 42.38 50.18

57.64 70.37 67.03 63.98 64.21 54.50 60.89 50.58 57.45

52.80 62.94 82.00 59.26 61.25 49.58 50.11 49.57 54.95

46.18 51.88 53.93 50.15 61.14 40.54 .. 38.69 46.52

47.25 53.90 .. 62.24 64.21 40.48 166.16 39.20 46.67

61.26 66.39 98.50 108.71 107.28 82.31 85.79 61.31 73.25

102.47 109.56 242.07 138.92 119.94 109.89 104.26 71.77 104.12

115.04 129.34 112.10 118.82 125.05 98.79 88.44 66.18 101.81

105.28 116.78 133.32 139.47 126.15 110.31 92.53 96.82 98.26

44.85 51.81 47.14 36.67 37.37 55.34 64.85 Imports from: Australia 43.45 52.17 48.23 37.25 35.69 51.71 64.06 Canada 43.28 43.38 40.99 36.91 37.49 54.90 79.68 Czech Republic 57.22 65.54 63.84 53.68 64.04 83.24 113.59 Poland 51.56 61.05 46.78 40.74 43.26 68.95 78.34 United States 54.03 54.63 49.60 42.97 47.37 60.50 82.18 China 38.91 48.34 44.63 33.04 32.60 53.48 62.75 Colombia 39.31 50.88 41.58 36.04 37.58 52.34 59.93 South Africa 37.89 45.38 44.19 36.71 39.05 58.03 67.68 Former USSR(2) 39.41 45.48 42.87 35.40 39.68 63.56 67.35 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

63.38

72.84

65.13 60.96 102.69 75.65 77.37 60.32 58.42 66.20 66.20

71.55 69.76 112.36 94.13 96.56 71.23 65.05 80.13 77.44

Coking Coal

(1)

Imports from: Australia Canada Czech Republic Poland United States China Colombia South Africa Former USSR(2) Steam Coal(3)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. (2) Former USSR until 1991, Russia starting in 1992. (3) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of individual countries using volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



OECD North America* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


4500

140

4000

120

3500 100 3000 2500

80

2000

60

1500

40

1000 20 500 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce)


2001

2007e


1000

900

900

800

800

700

700

600

600 500 500 400

400

300

300 200

200

100

100

0 1971

6000

1977



0 1971





7000

5000

6000 4000 5000 3000

4000 3000

2000

2000 1000 1000 0 1971

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



OECD North America 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 2783.33 3001.38 3226.83 Coal and Peat 468.78 571.18 694.45 Oil 1336.89 1369.25 1327.67 Gas 803.26 773.52 737.26 Comb. Renew/Waste 73.60 98.59 111.12 Nuclear 39.01 113.96 256.50 Hydro 58.51 67.18 72.90 Geothermal 3.21 7.70 26.44 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.46 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.07 0.01 0.03 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3864.01 831.57 1528.50 936.18 132.50 327.15 79.22 25.94 3.04 -0.10 -

3988.82 853.35 1647.89 902.66 137.54 340.12 81.54 21.29 4.46 -0.04 -

3954.10 838.91 1618.85 899.00 143.60 344.38 83.26 20.55 5.74 -0.18 -

4033.51 846.64 1615.48 963.18 147.47 350.37 79.44 24.41 6.61 -0.07 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.87 2.34 -0.04 -0.50 2.45 11.71 1.30 13.21 -4.35 -

1.28 1.19 1.25 1.25 1.62 1.86 0.83 -1.56 17.05 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

4853 5885 8011 11071 12408 12775 0.57 0.51 0.40 0.35 0.32 0.31 Population (millions) 287.7 317.9 359.1 411.4 433.1 437.2 TPES/population(1) 9.67 9.44 8.99 9.39 9.21 9.04 TPES/GDP(2) 164.3 146.1 115.4 100.0 92.1 88.7 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 128.6 129.2 115.4 100.0 91.6 87.4 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 105.7 108.3 105.1 100.0 95.0 92.3 Elec. Generation (TWh) 2273 2868 3809 4835 5136 5136 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

13066 0.31 441.1 9.15 88.4 86.3 .. 5260 ..


Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.99 -2.06 1.31 -0.43 -2.06 -0.63 -0.03 3.08 -

2.96 -1.63 1.24 0.04 -1.63 -1.72 -0.81 1.89 -



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

109.25 421.01 23.37 -

135.46 505.67 30.53 -

124.00 649.39 55.94 -

80.68 696.78 57.79 -

68.43 734.17 58.00 -

66.24 754.02 58.03 -

71.07 738.41 55.51 -

1.06 3.68 7.54 -

-3.84 0.94 0.23 -

Mt: Coking Coal 109.07 134.96 123.88 84.67 74.85 72.51 77.86 Steam Coal 487.96 598.48 774.37 854.46 929.09 960.35 946.78 Brown Coal 44.51 59.30 110.57 112.98 112.91 112.97 107.78 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.07 3.92 7.88 -

-3.29 1.35 0.13 -




OECD North America 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

2132.60 114.77 1139.72 569.00 73.21 235.76 0.14

2201.21 88.71 1167.70 552.10 98.10 293.12 1.47

2219.49 84.33 1175.36 514.93 53.19 0.48 387.22 3.98

2650.73 51.77 1367.82 612.07 98.53 0.74 2.12 508.99 8.70

2721.77 55.02 1462.66 572.32 95.12 1.07 1.91 527.93 5.74

2720.93 50.73 1470.98 546.26 101.86 1.22 1.88 542.03 5.99

2695.86 48.80 1469.64 520.79 106.12 1.32 1.96 542.05 5.17

0.24 -1.80 0.18 -0.59 -1.86 2.96 21.94

1.22 -3.36 1.41 0.07 4.41 6.53 2.12 1.65


647.75 94.60 128.24 279.33 50.87 94.57 0.14

656.67 77.07 153.01 254.55 58.55 112.05 1.43

510.50 70.12 85.76 196.51 23.55 133.65 0.90

593.94 48.10 56.84 240.32 63.91 0.16 177.51 7.11

542.87 50.26 66.45 213.20 56.79 0.14 151.25 4.80

527.90 46.51 71.01 193.88 58.78 0.15 152.64 4.92

522.53 46.36 69.62 191.43 59.37 0.16 151.34 4.25

-1.39 -1.75 -2.34 -2.05 -4.43 2.06 11.73

0.15 -2.55 -1.29 -0.16 5.95 0.78 10.19


666.79 0.18 641.58 24.06

715.66 691.54 23.41

822.83 795.67 26.15

998.08 962.71 29.39

1053.07 1015.91 25.53

1071.41 1030.64 27.41

1080.18 1034.80 27.58

1.24 1.27 0.49

1.72 1.66 0.33


0.97 387.91 4.77 123.97 170.85

0.71 364.33 2.35 80.88 170.95

1.01 362.07 2.17 53.74 163.89

4.74 1.23 446.05 1.99 61.13 186.68

10.08 1.55 450.87 0.04 57.93 183.18

11.77 1.59 458.73 0.05 55.08 181.96

16.18 1.61 434.72 0.06 48.89 165.66

0.24 -0.40 -4.54 -4.80 -0.24

2.96 1.15 -20.46 -0.59 0.07


9.70 78.61 237.59 4.87 79.66 94.03

10.35 99.80 232.58 2.63 54.63 96.74

10.30 131.98 0.00 261.73 3.41 38.14 99.39

25.97 0.31 2.06 167.92 319.96 1.30 34.52 120.26

25.12 0.50 1.81 182.30 336.20 3.51 39.48 118.62

28.10 0.57 1.76 191.21 0.00 335.99 2.99 38.40 114.15

27.40 0.66 1.83 190.23 0.00 327.63 1.87 35.34 107.48

0.35 3.09 0.57 -2.07 -4.24 0.33

6.30 2.31 4.43 1.41 -3.70 -0.48 0.49

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 59.03 78.54 117.71 Heat 0.04 3.08 Non-Energy Use 140.54 169.40 204.96 Coal and Peat 0.18 0.50 Oil 139.81 163.15 176.18 Gas 0.73 6.06 28.28 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.77 0.27 0.06 160.17 1.59 260.44 0.38 225.49 34.58

3.09 0.43 0.10 170.03 0.94 284.81 0.39 253.28 31.14

2.94 0.49 0.12 175.83 1.07 274.86 0.56 246.05 28.24

2.82 0.50 0.13 178.57 0.92 277.59 0.48 249.10 28.01

4.14 2.24 1.37 24.03

2.64 -7.25 1.91 -0.26 2.19 -0.06


of which:



OECD North America 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


495.1 16.4 -55.2 12.5

671.7 17.9 -98.0 -20.4

829.3 16.9 -126.2 -25.6

835.2 37.7 -79.9 38.5

860.6 51.0 -65.4 7.2

878.3 55.8 -64.9 -30.3

865.0 52.0 -75.4 5.1

3.1 0.2 5.0 x

0.4 7.7 -4.1 x

Primary Supply

468.8

571.2

694.4

831.6

853.3

838.9

846.6

2.3

1.2


18.6

-11.1

12.2

7.3

-23.5

-21.1

..

x

x


-363.9

-467.7

-620.4

-785.0

-776.1

-765.9

..

3.2

1.3


-321.8 -321.8 -

-438.7 -438.7 -0.0

-598.3 -592.1 -6.2

-763.1 -745.5 -17.6

-764.7 -756.0 -8.6

-752.3 -743.1 -9.2

.. .. ..

3.7 3.7 -

1.4 1.4 2.5

-0.1

-

-2.7

-2.7

-2.7

-2.9

..

26.3

0.3

-42.1 -27.7 -14.3 -

-29.0 -18.4 -10.6 -

-19.3 -12.9 -6.4 -

-19.2 -13.1 -6.1 -

-8.7 -10.5 -4.4 6.3

-10.7 -10.3 -4.3 3.9

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.5 -4.4 -4.7 -

-3.6 -1.4 -2.4 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-8.7

-3.6

-2.0

-2.2

-3.0

-3.1

..

-8.4

2.9

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

114.8

88.7

84.3

51.8

50.7

48.8

..

-1.8

-3.4

94.6 54.0 11.9 5.9 7.1

77.1 36.0 11.2 10.3 7.4

70.1 21.2 12.4 11.6 10.4

48.1 14.5 9.3 12.1 3.6

46.5 7.3 7.0 11.6 6.5

46.4 8.7 7.0 11.7 5.8

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.7 -5.4 0.2 4.1 2.2

-2.6 -5.4 -3.5 0.1 -3.6

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

20.0 4.9 4.8

11.5 2.6 2.4

13.7 3.4 2.2

3.3 1.3 2.0

3.7 3.0 0.1

2.0 1.9 0.1

.. .. ..

-2.2 -2.1 -4.5

-11.5 -3.7 -20.5

Non-energy Use 0.2 0.5 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.4

0.6

0.5

..

-

-0.3



Industry sector


(7)





OECD North America 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

496.24 418.38 418.37 0.01 46.04 3.73 10.34 11.88 7.82 12.27 8.58 -

560.62 491.32 491.31 0.01 46.33 2.53 12.72 11.62 8.27 11.19 5.40 0.02

719.49 653.18 646.88 6.29 0.18 53.39 1.70 14.26 12.65 11.37 13.42 6.03 0.26

895.56 860.85 845.37 15.49 1.79 2.50 37.51 1.35 10.51 13.26 4.10 8.29 3.70 0.33

940.37 781.88 774.20 7.68 107.54 1.33 1.73 37.87 0.67 7.08 12.79 6.46 10.88 4.05 0.33

966.06 790.98 784.47 6.50 119.79 1.77 1.25 37.68 0.27 7.23 12.74 6.84 10.60 3.60 0.53

948.09 806.14 799.06 7.09 94.20 1.66 1.41 37.04 0.41 7.10 13.06 6.04 10.44 2.28 0.43

3.14 3.78 3.70 66.36 1.24 -6.36 2.71 0.53 3.17 0.75 -2.90 -

1.74 1.32 1.33 0.75 13.61 -2.26 -8.55 -4.27 0.20 -3.87 -1.56 -5.90 3.26

79.71 75.71 -

72.75 71.75 -

43.20 43.16 -

31.36 31.13 -

26.49 2.60 23.68 -

25.43 2.81 22.98 -

26.27 2.26 23.15 -

-4.98 -4.58 -

-3.06 -3.82 -

43.94 58.04 109.28 41.10 53.39 101.99 41.10 53.39 100.89 1.10 5.64 2.47 3.05 1.41 0.17 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.19 0.10 2.31 2.69 1.08 0.34 0.29 0.17 Non-energy use 0.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

114.73 110.09 108.85 1.25 0.00 5.67 1.59 0.24 0.00 0.10 1.25 0.12 0.14

117.07 108.84 106.72 2.12 0.00 4.87 0.36 0.23 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.16

118.28 109.76 107.70 2.06 0.00 5.39 0.39 0.24 0.01 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.16

118.55 108.54 106.53 2.01 0.00 5.59 0.39 0.24 0.01 0.06 0.09 0.06 0.16

7.89 7.87 7.77 -4.57 -4.60 -6.12 -5.64 -

0.51 0.39 0.34 3.85 -0.06 -7.71 0.13 7.11 -2.89 -14.63 -6.23 3.73





OECD North America 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..



.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..




1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

16.37 14.97 .. .. 1.40

17.85 16.93 7.02 9.91 0.93

16.94 15.86 4.45 11.41 1.08

37.71 30.53 5.72 24.81 2.80 4.38

47.57 39.00 4.78 34.23 5.59 2.98

48.13 37.59 5.19 32.40 3.96 6.57

51.03 42.35 5.60 36.75 5.23 3.44

55.77 46.08 5.56 40.52 5.84 3.84

51.96 43.85 4.70 39.15 4.97 3.15

Total Exports 55.24 97.96 126.22 79.87 61.02 61.59 65.44 Hard Coal 53.62 96.02 125.52 78.58 60.23 60.19 63.63 Coking Coal .. 71.71 84.69 54.27 40.91 42.74 46.70 Steam Coal .. 24.31 40.83 24.31 19.32 17.45 16.93 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.11 0.16 0.18 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.62 1.91 0.67 1.26 0.68 1.24 1.63 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

64.87 63.17 43.96 19.21 0.23 1.47

75.41 73.64 49.63 24.01 0.37 1.40





OECD North America 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

17499

17540

16846

32493

43301

41524

47535

51609

48683

6024 5924 -

7212 7112 -

4719 122 4497 -

5843 1511 4296 -

4828 200 1356 3264 -

5416 182 1735 3429 -

5831 144 1458 4160 -

5786 72 1461 4133 -

4894 1469 3293 46

100

100

100

36 -

8 -

70 -

9 60

7 113

86 -

11475 933 49 645 8796 -

10328 37 287 9245 -

12127 22 883 5 9639 -

26650 1226 693 14787 6

38473 5774 907 14 176 55 8593 232

36108 2141 1797 68 40 8313 103

41704 5392 823 70 1 7339 261

45823 6529 799 1 6410 236

43789 4684 488 1 5548 32

996 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 56 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

699 60

1296 277 5

174 6928 651 61 92 1960 72

817 14274 1910 71 211 64 5119 50 206

152 16013 1979 31 275 225 4730 33 208

72 20665 2239 70 471 141 3951 85 124

57 23461 2855 56 1117 4253 28 21

49 25388 3323 402 97 3731 46





OECD North America 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

40450

71373

84425

58166

43755

48196

52711

49586

55882

36030 1103 5410 1468 560 3069 19925 1173 929 68 265 838 453 409 360 -

62263 2840 5694 141 20 4082 1710 364 6 198 5594 30625 1994 28 2390 252 305 2171 1073 99 796 1881 -

67287 5538 3988 50 127 4880 708 28 6536 26588 2908 3 3975 99 753 3156 866 1957 4355 772

45136 2717 3501 288 2782 1211 65 48 4467 12937 4947 740 2143 42 198 2331 642 2403 3134 540

33980 1405 3263 397 1483 1608 83 3495 7488 3268 1324 2595 17 1871 346 1771 2203 1363

36147 1309 3431 412 1388 2020 553 82 2677 7759 3848 1253 2787 32 88 1426 570 22 2457 2298 1735

41133 239 1528 4034 776 1610 2230 57 3672 8446 5497 994 2355 18 2029 464 2667 2915 1602

38265 30 1596 4134 795 1652 2607 70 19 4152 7523 4573 612 2297 54 1397 426 2186 2681 1461

36537 125 1424 3299 435 2176 2789 30 4203 8430 129 546 2895 10 401 915 1563 483 2263 2953 1468

4420 1942 205 218 200 673 1 914 24 243

9026 3490 359 749 263 853 642 1603 49 1018

11934 6327 357 586 50 1559 614 872 529 1040

9805 5564 1440 682 22 56 443 269 496 833

9774 4841 1077 1306 18 58 695 446 799 534

11960 4545 1438 1120 813 121 381 622 2333 587

11578 4831 1274 706 1078 547 377 575 1060 1130

11144 5519 1220 869 959 75 312 681 265 1244

12990 7261 1453 800 209 500 640 240 1887


84

5204

3225

1

89

-

177

6355





OECD North America 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

10808

27123

42493

26926

23421

20901

20448

22701

27909

10341 27 8782 309 38 528 22 243 356 27 5 4

25340 1383 10136 1608 233 2984 1188 4 159 924 1426 552 1834 24 970 39 1875 1

35375 1 2178 10083 3321 1758 384 15 1322 4451 4007 719 188 3982 1 62 1386 282 21 15 1005 194

25401 429 13524 70 564 522 456 79 4425 2275 373 643 74 343 441 55 1016 112

19799 22 348 15569 1 265 66 46 355 2 216 62 270 568 99 511 406 126 114 212 541

18478 555 12680 67 376 122 1640 665 80 591 317 67 558 760

18046 411 13625 66 28 133 23 962 749 341 829 143 71 67 361 237

20586 363 13907 348 360 195 569 1379 918 156 593 267 250 1053 228

22581 75 483 13386 72 176 584 1009 74 135 2099 72 148 2278 258 1 1578 153

95 11 1 82 1 -

1699 98 530 413 56 575 19 8

5891 177 3820 108 530 682 522 5 47

971 22 1 825 49 8 66

573 182 1 184 139 67 -

1770 883 1 224 135 358 140 29

2202 693 1 217 844 63 269 115

1803 176 3 71 927 190 358 4 74

4420 95 2 1 172 1069 2212 789 12 68


84

1227

554

3049

653

200

312

908





OECD/IEA Pacific* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


1400

250

1200 200 1000 150

800 600

100

400 50 200 0 1971

1977

Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


300

300

250

250

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

2000



2001

2007e

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 350

1977

1983

Renewables

350

0 1971

1977


0 1971





1800 1600

2000

1400 1200

1500

1000 800

1000

600 400

500

200 0 1971

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


OECD/IEA Pacific 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 585.11 667.04 912.47 Coal and Peat 128.34 144.83 198.37 Oil 422.26 424.31 487.28 Gas 12.48 42.36 93.66 Comb. Renew/Waste 5.04 5.90 14.59 Nuclear 3.61 32.04 94.99 Hydro 11.52 15.01 16.36 Geothermal 1.86 2.56 5.41 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.03 1.80 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1206.70 266.58 582.12 152.83 18.75 160.46 16.27 8.32 1.37 -

1255.68 308.12 557.42 177.39 21.30 168.10 14.62 7.31 1.38 0.03

1262.97 315.52 542.66 189.78 22.25 168.34 15.77 7.11 1.49 0.04

1279.92 327.53 550.52 203.52 22.96 151.44 14.66 7.42 1.81 0.06

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.65 2.59 0.85 12.59 6.45 21.20 2.08 6.49 -

2.05 2.94 0.68 4.51 2.67 3.64 -0.23 1.72 -1.18 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


2504 3166 4727 5632 6150 0.23 0.21 0.19 0.21 0.20 Population (millions) 159.4 172.9 186.9 197.0 200.5 TPES/population(1) 3.67 3.86 4.88 6.13 6.26 TPES/GDP(2) 109.1 98.3 90.1 100.0 95.3 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 108.3 96.6 88.7 100.0 105.8 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 79.0 81.2 84.4 100.0 102.3 Elec. Generation (TWh) 563 728 1128 1584 1765 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

6303 0.20 200.9 6.29 93.5 105.7 101.2 1788 ..

6466 0.20 201.2 6.36 92.4 107.0 .. 1884 ..


1.82 0.23 0.45 1.59 0.23 1.11 1.14 2.92 -



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

47.37 41.87 9.73 -

48.49 44.54 11.01 -

63.42 92.75 14.69 -

103.28 118.93 21.05 -

128.13 145.08 21.45 -

124.54 148.15 21.64 -

139.96 152.46 23.08 -

2.46 6.85 3.49 -

4.31 2.97 2.45 -


2.47 6.04 3.47 -

4.26 2.54 2.45 -




OECD/IEA Pacific 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

427.87 46.37 301.86 13.62 4.99 60.98 0.04

456.39 51.59 297.76 22.03 5.63 0.03 79.21 0.15

625.70 71.38 381.50 37.18 10.08 0.50 1.80 122.98 0.29

809.27 57.00 489.04 69.38 12.82 0.64 1.33 173.59 5.47

835.06 59.09 485.63 80.12 12.85 0.64 0.97 188.71 7.05

840.39 60.17 479.12 85.03 13.23 0.64 0.96 193.96 7.28

839.62 62.63 469.43 88.83 13.42 0.63 0.95 196.61 7.12

2.26 2.57 1.39 6.08 4.22 4.21 12.32

1.85 -0.81 1.30 5.59 1.81 1.45 -3.91 2.98 22.27

183.62 34.18 101.61 5.27 2.13 40.43 -

173.62 38.14 74.98 9.33 3.17 48.00 -

208.99 56.55 74.02 14.25 6.68 0.31 57.19 -

239.84 54.44 76.23 22.37 9.47 0.19 74.10 3.04

240.69 56.22 67.25 25.99 9.79 0.19 0.00 77.12 4.13

241.91 56.93 66.64 28.32 10.37 0.20 0.00 75.40 4.06

245.80 59.12 66.18 29.54 10.67 0.20 0.00 76.00 4.08

0.76 3.01 -1.85 6.02 6.95 2.06 -

1.02 0.28 -0.70 4.66 2.97 -2.85 1.79 -


86.73 0.33 84.67 -

114.96 0.01 112.91 0.01

167.26 0.10 164.64 0.10

224.91 0.13 221.48 0.44

232.91 0.09 229.05 0.82

228.38 0.13 224.22 0.97

226.55 0.11 222.10 1.19

3.94 -6.65 3.99 -

1.91 0.56 1.89 17.10


1.73 47.24 11.54 13.84 5.87

2.03 60.07 12.92 15.69 9.54

2.42 85.06 12.51 22.55 14.04

2.87 105.87 0.84 29.80 25.63

0.01 2.95 109.53 0.97 26.93 28.05

0.03 3.02 114.43 1.40 27.78 29.74

0.12 3.03 112.39 1.60 26.46 29.32

2.00 3.52 0.47 2.91 5.26

1.41 1.76 -12.05 1.01 4.71


2.86 13.13 32.48 0.27 24.66 2.14

2.43 0.03 19.46 37.14 0.52 24.45 2.68

3.32 0.08 1.73 30.80 0.04 84.29 1.59 43.46 6.97

3.10 0.00 1.29 43.62 1.57 121.69 1.06 50.41 17.13

2.64 0.00 0.94 48.12 1.88 130.29 1.25 46.24 22.13

2.43 0.00 0.92 50.03 2.12 134.91 1.14 44.25 23.70

2.13 0.00 0.91 49.96 2.00 132.18 1.14 36.59 26.52

0.90 5.14 5.77 10.94 3.39 7.21

-2.74 -17.52 -3.93 3.07 26.96 2.85 -2.06 -1.07 8.71

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 0.08 Geothermal 0.06 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 Electricity 5.38 9.32 31.82 Heat 0.04 0.15 0.24 Non-Energy Use 58.27 49.41 63.90 Coal and Peat 0.58 Oil 58.02 48.96 61.50 Gas 0.26 0.45 1.82 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.24 0.31 0.04 51.63 0.87 99.08 0.51 94.80 3.78

0.41 0.31 0.04 58.86 1.04 104.93 0.54 101.35 3.05

0.41 0.31 0.04 63.97 1.10 104.54 0.52 101.81 2.21

0.50 0.31 0.04 66.06 1.04 107.30 0.58 104.56 2.16

11.02 11.22 0.54 0.34 12.23

12.49 10.24 -3.61 4.67 9.56 3.29 0.00 3.37 1.07


of which: Total Industry Coal and Peat Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat



OECD/IEA Pacific 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


94.4 59.6 -26.0 0.3

104.0 74.9 -42.8 8.7

170.8 128.1 -98.3 -2.2

243.3 195.5 -177.8 5.6

294.7 228.7 -218.9 3.7

294.3 234.9 -219.1 5.4

315.5 244.9 -229.5 -3.4

3.6 4.6 8.1 x

3.5 3.9 5.1 x

Primary Supply

128.3

144.8

198.4

266.6

308.1

315.5

327.5

2.6

2.9


-2.5

-2.3

3.1

-2.4

10.1

7.6

..

x

x


-75.5

-86.2

-124.1

-200.5

-254.2

-255.5

..

3.0

4.6


-37.8 -37.8 -0.1

-45.2 -40.9 -4.3

-86.4 -75.3 -11.1

-163.6 -147.1 -16.6

-215.5 -197.0 -18.5

-218.3 -199.8 -18.4

.. .. ..

5.0 4.1 36.2

6.0 6.3 3.3

-3.1

-1.8

-0.6

-0.3

-0.1

-

..

-9.3

-

-34.7 -0.2 -27.1 -5.8 -1.5

-39.1 -0.2 -23.8 -14.5 -0.6

-37.1 -0.1 -30.3 -2.0 -4.8

-36.6 -0.0 -35.4 -1.0 -0.2

-38.6 -0.1 -33.2 -5.3 0.1

-37.2 -0.1 -34.2 -3.1 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

0.4 -5.3 0.6 -6.1 6.9

0.0 4.5 0.8 2.8 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-3.9

-4.7

-6.0

-6.7

-3.9

-5.0

..

2.6

-1.1

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

46.4

51.6

71.4

57.0

60.2

62.6

..

2.6

-0.8

34.2 26.9 0.4 0.9 0.3

38.1 27.3 0.7 5.9 0.5

56.5 21.8 4.2 12.0 1.9

54.4 20.3 4.3 12.2 2.3

56.9 24.2 4.3 11.2 2.4

59.1 24.2 4.8 11.4 2.4

.. .. .. .. ..

3.0 -1.2 15.1 16.5 10.9

0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.3 1.2

0.3

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

-6.7

0.6

11.9 0.3 11.5

13.4 0.5 12.9

14.1 1.6 12.5

1.9 1.1 0.8

2.6 1.1 1.4

2.8 1.1 1.6

.. .. ..

1.0 10.9 0.5

-9.6 -2.1 -12.0

Non-energy Use 0.6 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.5

0.5

0.6

..

-

0.0



Industry sector


(7)





OECD/IEA Pacific 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

57.24 30.57 30.21 0.36 18.64 0.13 0.19 7.37 1.46 0.34 1.88 0.35 3.34 1.49 -

70.43 35.63 34.16 1.48 20.40 0.04 0.12 12.54 1.52 0.26 7.43 0.45 2.88 1.30 -

128.22 77.22 72.22 5.00 20.81 5.89 0.64 25.05 2.05 2.63 12.63 2.25 5.50 0.97 0.02

201.05 152.59 144.86 7.73 1.22 11.46 0.67 31.09 2.69 3.92 13.30 2.64 8.54 1.09 -

242.11 191.33 180.03 11.31 1.39 11.39 0.86 29.13 4.78 3.98 12.81 2.81 4.74 1.26 -

253.34 209.15 197.87 11.29 2.01 11.65 0.80 28.99 4.79 4.11 12.37 2.90 4.82 1.14 -

258.32 210.93 199.70 11.23 2.33 11.62 0.81 29.38 4.85 4.41 12.28 2.86 4.99 1.14 -

6.95 8.03 7.53 24.52 0.92 37.67 10.74 2.86 18.50 17.23 16.65 4.25 -3.50 -

4.48 6.48 6.56 5.19 -12.80 4.35 1.49 1.00 5.54 3.29 -0.18 1.51 -0.61 1.01 -

67.95 64.35 4.45 0.12 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.01 -

81.25 76.69 4.30 0.01 0.01 0.01 -

82.82 77.00 5.25 0.16 0.16 0.02 -

81.30 67.15 13.97 -

87.04 68.74 15.48 -

82.77 68.56 15.92 -

83.08 68.02 16.27 0.25 0.25 -

1.66 1.51 2.66 11.30 13.14 -

0.02 -0.77 7.32 2.84 -

30.64 33.13 46.20 27.32 29.23 44.14 26.32 28.00 43.07 0.99 1.23 1.07 2.85 3.35 1.78 0.42 0.42 0.20 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.30 0.30 0.10 0.09 0.17 0.05 0.11 0.08 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

67.55 66.34 65.25 1.09 0.96 0.18 0.18 0.08 -

66.63 65.89 65.89 0.46 0.22 0.00 0.22 0.06 -

67.43 66.29 66.29 0.86 0.22 0.00 0.22 0.06 -

68.02 67.09 67.09 0.65 0.22 0.00 0.22 0.06 -

3.48 4.08 4.19 0.62 -3.84 -6.07 -1.23 -3.32 5.12 3.49 -

2.45 2.65 2.81 -6.12 0.68 1.54 -1.99 -





OECD/IEA Pacific 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..



.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..




1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

59.64 59.61 .. .. 0.04

74.95 74.83 69.12 5.71 0.12

128.11 127.59 79.86 47.73 0.52

195.48 192.88 73.68 119.20 2.60

221.63 218.74 75.03 143.71 2.89

240.92 237.10 79.50 157.60 3.82

228.66 225.57 74.18 151.40 3.08

234.93 232.59 74.77 157.83 2.33

244.91 242.21 73.52 168.70 2.69

Total Exports 26.00 42.84 98.34 177.78 198.54 206.50 218.86 Hard Coal 25.38 40.70 95.89 175.09 195.64 204.19 217.18 Coking Coal .. 34.80 56.27 98.70 107.11 110.62 123.88 Steam Coal .. 5.90 39.62 76.40 88.53 93.56 93.30 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.61 2.13 2.46 2.68 2.90 2.32 1.68 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

219.10 217.13 119.95 97.18 1.97

229.46 228.29 130.43 97.86 1.17





OECD/IEA Pacific 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

55041

73604

130654

214064

240025

260643

254827

260040

271260

Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD

52885 25299 11304 398 429 10406 11

66214 28194 11587 387 20296 70

76229 39565 13316 10275 225

76656 45398 9389 2841 367

78059 46442 6193 36 21 364

82692 47885 6248 5 2179 319

77157 45338 6818 1348 253

77753 46606 6995 200 329

76525 50055 8177 254 431

420 2360 2244 14

979 2803 1898 -

2802 153 668 3055 6150 20

9555 5886 603 2498 27 92

13615 11 7595 45 3710 27

12665 12 9201 23 4140 15

9832 9850 25 3668 25

8903 9 10622 25 4038 26

3680 9681 4229 18

2156 668 105 1 -

7390 4262 367 616 -

54425 24852 8170 5751 138

137408 67166 9944 2396 637

161966 74723 6415 209 657

177951 84335 4106 9 3615 779

177670 87993 5073 1270 568

182287 88177 6632 698 663

194735 93932 9181 71 7


1086 9 386 233 431

3504 94 806 7057 3402 150 501

32680 14185 3448 5497 1012 443

47782 20 21727 80 7144 8 2808 393

39393 23 31646 43 10450 3237 315

33063 36414 51 10310 21 15 2401 491

29304 18 43226 51 10429 2886 203

29102 46057 561 13282 2376 166

China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)




OECD/IEA Pacific 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

31085

33590

58463

101374

110004

113640

127245

123197

134014

29156 374 1173 191 1319 22651 1330 10 992 593 469 54

31917 175 903 48 1164 25649 2266 329 698 685 -

44464 1054 30 1978 25 1181 29029 5053 725 694 702 912 3081 -

74819 122 1865 3780 2619 2984 39949 10358 666 2279 2220 992 46 1451 5488 -

71414 1134 414 4421 1455 1628 42253 7442 497 3385 2492 995 1161 4088 49

75646 1255 324 4105 1576 1930 42395 10138 451 4670 2676 1207 682 4063 174

84192 1881 392 3895 1746 14 2527 46004 12457 588 5652 2470 1226 720 4451 169

79889 1994 377 3329 1843 2260 45438 7704 1513 7009 2139 1170 1098 3925 90

86629 2185 413 3647 2019 2476 48883 8441 1658 7679 2344 1282 1203 4300 99

1929 164 981 32 675 32 45 -

1667 837 157 227 267 60 119 -

13999 1291 2798 323 4895 2256 454 500 1294 188

26345 4988 6273 10773 1554 1371 1316 70

29507 4761 3824 245 14108 161 202 2333 1557 1853 463

31822 4234 5311 13582 190 2354 1428 4114 609

38923 3545 7091 353 17442 129 46 2807 1806 5301 403

34464 3699 7717 225 16392 194 71 499 1774 3672 221

37697 4032 8455 247 17960 213 78 547 1926 3997 242


6

-

210

9083

6172

4130

8844

9688





OECD/IEA Pacific 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

5533

8925

45270

87120

100956

106696

106400

110821

111600

4809 150 682 458 1489 320 932 778

6834 103 304 525 686 3581 11 353 1211 60

37279 129 1149 873 125 133 26362 3524 4236 205 155 29 328 31

65893 396 142 393 72 110 284 358 47361 11455 2550 16 992 83 55 1499 127

78728 170 413 65 475 747 767 52636 14197 3264 1872 118 831 1426 47 71 1277 352

85404 3 785 579 258 977 509 58777 16221 2287 1590 106 248 912 119 48 1879 106

83114 17 469 115 568 141 57277 17947 4238 725 56 291 164 45 993 68

86763 278 741 59326 20239 4762 301 82 500 69 425 40

87375 280 746 59744 20382 4796 303 83 504 69 428 40

204 76 128 -

1187 991 49 147 -

7991 158 3046 2443 47 528 33 120 1616 -

21227 10034 419 2469 2623 1373 4309 -

22228 50 10817 735 1543 1295 708 7080 -

21258 9894 1202 1744 1716 1218 5353 131

23286 33 14329 374 1212 1165 412 5761 -

23868 55 13205 77 1225 320 8160 826

24035 55 13298 78 1234 322 8216 832


904

-

-

-

34

-

190

190





OECD Europe* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


700

700

600

600

500

500

400

400

300

300

200

200

100

100

4000



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

800

0 1971

1977


0 1971


3500

4000

3000

3500




3000

2500

2500

2000

2000 1500 1500 1000

1000

500 0 1971

500

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



OECD Europe 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


2537.06 467.47 979.68 558.22 102.03 348.01 66.47 10.34 3.82 0.49 0.54

2689.79 457.78 1007.81 649.15 124.61 365.25 59.76 12.10 10.49 2.17 0.67

2693.54 472.21 994.81 640.14 134.85 364.42 59.01 13.28 12.20 1.97 0.65

2673.14 486.21 970.33 640.57 140.60 344.39 60.89 13.60 15.36 0.56 0.62


0.94 -1.75 0.67 3.51 3.63 1.41 0.50 4.33 23.56 -2.28 21.84



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

4792 5653 7172 8975 9795 10090 0.41 0.38 0.32 0.28 0.27 0.27 Population (millions) 455.0 473.8 497.6 521.6 536.8 539.8 TPES/population(1) 4.36 4.54 4.66 4.86 5.01 4.99 TPES/GDP(2) 146.6 134.6 114.4 100.0 97.1 94.4 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 243.5 223.2 167.5 100.0 89.7 89.8 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 93.3 100.7 102.9 100.0 100.8 99.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 1618 2049 2632 3200 3485 3536 Industrial Production(2) 61.0 68.4 82.8 100.0 105.4 109.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

10376 0.26 541.8 4.93 91.1 90.0 .. 3582 113.8


Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.40 -1.45 0.53 0.39 -1.45 -2.17 0.57 2.90 1.81

2.16 -1.19 0.51 0.42 -1.19 -3.82 -0.19 1.86 1.79



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

95.28 310.02 179.98 2.30

91.83 319.35 188.71 2.67

63.70 239.86 201.47 4.96

44.80 122.24 135.13 3.38

37.08 102.49 132.25 4.60

36.16 97.12 133.61 6.00

35.86 94.94 135.57 2.97

-3.30 -2.12 0.94 6.61

-3.48 -5.49 -2.53 1.19


-3.59 -2.04 0.90 5.13

-3.54 -5.42 -2.47 1.16




OECD Europe 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

1481.50 246.98 845.49 153.86 40.36 0.51 164.90 29.41

1559.44 215.04 802.86 237.99 43.56 0.73 0.01 209.93 49.31

1626.93 173.80 770.28 291.36 63.88 1.98 0.25 272.03 53.36

1796.76 88.20 862.01 382.02 76.14 2.60 0.96 330.95 53.89

1903.19 80.36 887.56 414.82 80.11 2.93 1.40 358.62 77.40

1917.38 76.82 890.76 417.45 82.61 3.09 1.50 364.04 81.12

1927.92 81.36 889.45 410.92 88.49 3.11 1.65 371.15 81.77

0.55 -2.05 -0.55 3.83 2.74 8.35 2.99 3.57

1.07 -4.63 0.90 2.17 2.06 2.86 12.65 1.96 2.70


532.94 127.33 214.72 77.85 7.03 0.04 90.59 15.38

509.78 111.31 167.06 97.10 8.39 0.04 105.28 20.62

456.78 100.34 81.85 111.00 21.19 0.06 0.01 123.55 18.78

462.22 66.51 76.62 139.68 27.29 0.09 0.14 139.92 11.97

471.91 59.39 74.54 138.26 27.23 0.09 0.18 148.46 23.76

466.99 56.56 73.32 134.89 27.45 0.07 0.18 149.79 24.74

468.23 58.90 69.32 133.78 28.87 0.07 0.18 151.70 25.43

-0.90 -1.39 -5.52 2.11 6.70 2.53 1.84 1.18

0.15 -3.27 -1.03 1.17 1.95 0.37 18.67 1.29 1.91


269.36 9.79 254.49 0.22

319.49 3.63 309.15 0.81

412.19 0.30 403.85 0.43

505.53 0.01 494.37 1.03

532.95 0.01 518.46 2.25

538.47 0.01 522.17 2.45

551.01 0.00 531.35 2.35

2.53 -18.56 2.75 3.99

1.83 -31.11 1.73 11.13


0.00 4.86 345.93 79.02 144.63 43.30

0.00 5.89 366.81 68.26 116.48 75.52

0.00 7.60 398.32 49.23 94.04 108.25

1.00 9.11 429.88 16.55 90.39 155.68

2.81 9.42 451.87 14.99 87.22 178.55

4.43 9.41 455.42 15.04 85.83 180.62

7.84 9.47 450.96 16.96 81.70 176.42

-2.02 2.67 0.83 -2.75 -2.50 5.54

65.27 1.38 0.78 -6.44 -0.88 3.10


26.32 0.42 41.18 11.07 136.43 19.20 82.12 7.89

28.45 0.64 0.01 58.03 19.42 149.71 23.11 72.12 14.36

40.27 1.31 0.18 78.11 26.93 157.81 17.87 39.64 38.23

44.21 1.90 0.65 93.65 26.85 174.61 2.01 30.56 50.24

45.73 2.17 1.06 102.68 19.47 196.26 2.80 31.74 59.91

46.05 2.35 1.15 104.81 19.58 199.10 2.06 31.50 61.68

47.06 2.35 1.28 105.54 19.66 201.17 1.98 29.99 61.83

2.53 6.97 3.84 5.37 0.86 -0.42 -4.19 9.73

0.98 3.72 12.99 1.90 -1.95 1.53 -12.84 -1.73 3.05

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.50 0.44 Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.04 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Electricity 24.88 35.58 56.66 Heat 1.17 3.03 4.92 Non-Energy Use 115.96 122.38 141.58 Coal and Peat 4.42 3.08 2.08 Oil 104.62 101.51 119.48 Gas 6.92 17.79 20.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.70 0.09 0.07 81.33 8.62 158.60 1.19 137.89 19.52

2.26 0.15 0.11 91.23 8.07 164.10 1.67 143.70 18.72

2.54 0.16 0.11 92.89 8.16 166.99 1.62 145.76 19.60

2.50 0.18 0.13 96.97 7.59 166.54 1.73 146.73 18.08

-5.54 4.09 4.96 8.83 1.18 -4.35 0.78 6.45

11.47 10.63 11.95 3.42 2.75 1.02 -1.14 1.29 -0.63


of which:



OECD Europe 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


579.5 97.9 -77.4 7.8

602.5 143.2 -75.0 -13.6

510.0 168.2 -58.7 6.4

305.5 196.2 -48.1 13.8

276.4 227.3 -41.7 -4.3

272.9 247.6 -47.4 -0.9

269.3 249.0 -40.6 8.5

-0.7 3.2 -1.6 x

-3.8 2.4 -1.3 x

Primary Supply

607.7

657.1

625.9

467.5

457.8

472.2

486.2

0.2

-1.7


5.1

-1.1

-5.8

-0.1

-1.9

-0.0

..

x

x


-341.4

-421.2

-432.5

-368.1

-368.3

-380.5

..

1.4

-0.8


-279.3 -258.2 -21.1

-366.1 -306.9 -59.2

-386.1 -336.0 -50.0

-330.0 -310.5 -19.5

-335.7 -317.6 -18.1

-345.6 -326.2 -19.4

.. .. ..

1.9 1.6 5.2

-0.7 -0.2 -5.8

-8.9

-6.6

-3.0

-0.6

-0.7

-0.8

..

-6.2

-7.8

-53.2 2.4 -38.4 -18.0 0.8

-48.6 1.6 -37.3 -13.5 0.7

-43.4 -1.1 -32.4 -10.1 0.2

-37.5 -0.3 -30.0 -7.4 0.2

-31.9 -0.3 -27.5 -4.3 0.1

-34.2 -0.3 -27.9 -6.0 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.2 -1.0 -3.3 -7.4

-1.5 -8.6 -0.9 -3.2 -6.9


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-21.1

-18.3

-13.0

-10.0

-9.5

-8.8

..

-2.8

-2.4

-3.3

-1.5

-0.8

-1.1

-1.2

-1.5

..

x

x

247.0

215.0

173.8

88.2

76.8

81.4

..

-2.0

-4.6

127.3 52.3 14.1 13.5 4.1

111.3 42.9 12.8 16.0 3.4

100.3 39.8 11.3 17.7 3.8

66.5 27.6 4.4 11.3 2.2

56.6 25.1 4.9 8.1 2.0

58.9 25.4 4.7 8.2 2.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.4 -1.6 -1.3 1.6 -0.5

-3.3 -2.8 -5.4 -4.7 -4.0

9.8

3.6

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-18.6

-31.1

105.4 19.2 79.0

97.0 23.1 68.3

71.1 17.9 49.2

20.5 2.0 16.5

18.6 2.1 15.0

20.7 2.0 17.0

.. .. ..

-2.3 -0.4 -2.7

-7.4 -12.8 -6.4


1.2

1.6

1.7

..

-4.4

-1.1



Industry sector


(7)





OECD Europe 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

386.63 252.42 203.10 49.33 6.57 27.58 0.01 2.80 39.59 4.40 3.13 13.41 0.84 17.80 47.57 0.08

418.98 283.00 232.57 50.42 6.00 27.51 0.01 2.43 42.77 4.38 4.09 14.81 0.91 18.58 48.76 0.09

367.55 274.89 238.33 36.56 2.02 18.30 3.58 0.55 37.20 3.40 5.62 16.06 2.15 9.98 26.36 0.05

272.52 220.17 210.41 9.76 0.84 7.29 30.65 3.32 2.96 9.72 1.77 12.89 12.67 0.03

290.13 237.18 226.49 10.69 0.53 7.12 28.68 3.92 2.74 7.03 1.58 13.41 12.33 0.16

281.55 229.44 220.44 9.00 0.45 7.69 28.28 4.12 3.30 6.40 1.61 12.84 12.48 0.18

294.94 241.09 231.76 9.33 0.46 8.05 30.72 4.34 2.95 6.56 1.59 15.28 13.47 0.13

-0.42 0.71 1.34 -2.47 -9.37 -3.36 72.95 -12.73 -0.52 -2.13 4.99 1.51 8.14 -4.71 -4.80 -3.32

-1.37 -0.82 -0.17 -8.18 -8.82 5.20 -1.19 1.53 -3.96 -5.44 -1.85 2.70 -4.11 6.00

119.30 7.14 6.19 0.95 110.11 1.30 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.27 -

129.48 10.83 9.59 1.25 116.09 0.28 1.10 0.23 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.21 0.32 -

111.33 18.23 14.32 3.91 89.71 1.45 0.10 1.98 1.63 0.01 0.34 0.14 -

92.83 13.37 10.17 3.20 73.01 1.85 2.59 0.18 0.00 0.02 2.39 0.10 0.23

86.44 13.99 11.41 2.58 67.96 2.61 0.55 0.26 0.02 0.28 0.12 0.19

81.76 12.70 10.73 1.97 64.76 2.83 0.79 0.21 0.01 0.57 0.13 0.22

85.09 12.20 9.95 2.25 69.26 2.76 0.46 0.24 0.22 0.11 0.23

-0.57 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.69 -19.50 24.49 57.52 13.00 8.07 -5.56 -

-1.67 -2.48 -2.25 -3.39 -1.60 4.08 -8.73 -11.29 -2.62 -1.24 -


448.13 408.99 402.67 6.33 12.18 1.35 15.37 1.00 3.28 0.90 0.48 9.71 8.62 0.02

441.35 404.12 398.07 6.05 12.31 1.51 12.43 0.74 3.18 0.53 0.33 7.65 9.25 0.03

446.13 412.65 406.58 6.07 12.44 1.49 10.07 0.90 3.19 0.55 0.45 4.98 7.95 0.04

440.01 403.84 397.80 6.04 13.04 1.51 11.31 0.84 3.46 0.67 0.30 6.04 8.99 0.04

1.04 2.22 2.09 4.63 -1.70 -6.50 -0.86 6.02 -2.38 2.10 -5.73 -0.22 3.14 -2.94

-2.60 -0.91 -0.63 -9.07 -12.44 -3.90 -8.07 -5.97 -6.84 -6.94 -11.12 -8.80 -9.09 -15.26





OECD Europe 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..



.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..




1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

97.87 70.11 .. .. 5.30 22.46

143.18 117.95 48.56 69.40 5.73 19.49

168.23 148.63 56.37 92.26 7.18 0.10 12.32

196.16 178.99 56.68 122.31 2.55 0.10 14.52

215.11 198.28 48.05 150.23 1.51 0.15 15.16

230.28 214.71 53.18 161.54 1.62 0.16 13.78

227.30 213.04 53.93 159.11 1.62 0.13 12.50

247.60 232.90 57.13 175.77 2.04 0.11 12.55

248.96 233.50 57.71 175.79 2.43 0.13 12.91


47.38 32.43 7.88 24.55 2.61 0.04 12.31

40.61 25.86 6.26 19.60 3.00 0.01 11.74





OECD Europe 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

92461

126676

157541

195214

218349

236119

235168

257451

257806


39034 4497 294 909 10550 6190 79 8745 105

48204 4326 224 1072 8326 4668 66 21591 182

54985 10043 2812 774 3141 2570 65 28433 80

56071 21758 7072 3388 2 3125 16900 31

47392 19478 5952 4059 2755 10706 97

52255 20587 6067 3656 108 2955 12490 100

52941 20394 6735 3366 289 3253 6 13840 187

56055 22092 7036 4562 3 4053 13335 56

56578 22693 7220 4944 3896 1 14081 47

206 3005 4454

544 2992 4213

1 24 46 158 2419 4419

2 140 441 388 2327 26 418 53 -

162 355 121 387 1670 512 1109 29

1976 275 433 1918 543 969 178

279 193 295 2658 548 872 26

291 206 65 2674 713 815 40 114

52 154 261 2428 175 409 217

53427 2955 816 243 6716 15647 2285 499 980

78472 4875 695 255 4145 16971 4184 14231 1406

102556 9790 832 327 2124 10802 2423 20504 3548

139143 9416 12 2393 437 17722 593 4724 3665

170957 12162 207 1814 315 15294 365 2529 3576

183864 10442 286 1801 549 15212 303 3749 2464

182227 7533 807 1004 572 14756 297 2364 2725

201396 6507 210 1214 468 14324 180 3388 2694

201228 7758 336 1303 311 9541 244 4905 4980


417 20027 2405 8861

2783 9060 194 26099 6115 1475 6480

1887 22306 8230 42810 15292 894 3081 561 5120

3635 24479 12423 58920 28414 1657 3760 343 1064

3112 25621 13559 55859 41242 2205 1397 321 5742

1898 26517 14251 52971 48664 3021 1142 213 3492

2012 25919 20555 55299 56963 2696 1091 390 7486

2384 29309 16353 51303 60241 2992 1299 244 7725





OECD Europe 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

19495

14068

8555

9747

6767

6757

6663

8093

6464

18476 813 1991 5020 154 2480 375 286 1050 5126 457 316 18 89 198 103

13736 664 820 2 27 4201 206 2527 1 797 4345 20 123 3 -

8455 785 753 1443 28 1 859 475 12 3681 415 3 -

8106 1844 1 214 717 108 1061 1010 4 323 53 538 1570 65 494 100 4 -

6548 1856 43 411 403 181 367 541 2 122 399 2010 4 209 -

6717 1713 169 462 20 354 253 266 385 5 4 572 2308 118 88 -

6172 1514 20 523 13 30 397 449 1 295 48 592 1909 99 212 70

7363 1517 4 944 80 208 604 1 94 30 1367 2299 142 73 -

6264 1458 16 1024 19 27 579 1 106 4 1100 1905 25 -

1019 15 520 5 479

330 115 166 49

100 100 -

1641 143 529 62 2 2 903

219 214 1 4

38 37 1

491 355 2 134

729 70 298 361

200 200


2

-

-

-

2

-

1

-





OECD Europe 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

49632

42115

36004

29263

29051

30666

27401

27188

21525

9159 15 2528 1083 6 2594 1130 1 209 93 52 674 167 15 237 21 70 82 74 108 -

10559 27 2211 926 157 2672 2220 1 289 32 96 949 108 9 322 13 79 265 183 -

7240 1 14 1229 375 206 1026 2139 18 335 93 61 3 298 307 1 186 259 126 51 512 -

28330 1312 684 864 2382 1228 2413 14426 2 279 7 468 923 93 363 597 15 5 286 441 170 20 1351 1

27101 1503 334 1 749 1360 1686 2859 13809 274 257 6 562 4 52 125 399 37 284 299 150 706 25 40 1580 -

29860 1622 700 1 783 1410 1272 2606 16180 69 258 16 649 96 42 517 592 7 216 294 102 334 8 19 1999 68

26868 1201 865 19 719 1154 963 3116 12840 144 300 45 595 245 38 651 496 82 437 257 58 208 8 66 2314 47

27005 1316 502 42 946 745 567 2716 15709 133 264 81 516 155 30 612 422 17 144 206 110 302 17 1389 64

21085 1254 379 16 1372 747 276 1280 11526 104 143 75 503 806 39 268 228 9 228 169 114 298 3 1216 32

56 2 54

97 12 10 1 74

688 10 1 1 357 3 316

905 2 1 3 16 4 879

1770 1 1 370 1 2 1395

684 1 1 46 501 1 134

531 4 1 5 436 4 81

174 17 1 1 4 2 13 1 135

384 9 272 4 14 85


31459

28076

28

180

122

2

9

56





OECD Europe 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

56.95

65.01

58.49

56.63

59.61

78.12

109.61

125.86

126.10

53.10 52.85 182.83 54.82 57.30 .. 96.23 39.86 50.68

67.29 64.53 67.03 63.98 63.07 63.56 68.65 58.81 57.44

57.03 57.02 82.00 59.26 61.20 51.72 59.04 49.65 56.00

55.52 56.90 53.93 50.15 61.48 80.88 .. 38.69 58.11

58.03 61.31 .. 62.24 64.18 81.65 166.16 39.20 47.45

73.63 76.64 98.50 108.71 84.75 198.13 84.09 61.31 86.41

114.89 113.81 242.07 138.92 110.91 219.14 104.26 71.77 86.05

135.52 137.66 112.10 118.82 123.44 146.38 2611.31 66.18 81.32

127.97 129.45 133.32 139.47 126.16 238.11 92.53 96.82 86.75

46.49 52.64 47.51 38.69 41.94 61.91 71.27 Imports from: Australia 43.69 52.03 45.06 43.28 46.83 69.05 106.40 Canada 50.10 52.72 44.71 50.77 88.14 87.68 119.03 Czech Republic 57.22 65.54 63.84 53.68 64.04 83.24 113.59 Poland 51.56 61.05 46.78 40.75 43.26 68.95 78.34 United States 54.21 54.69 49.12 43.48 47.37 61.50 86.75 China 39.56 49.36 45.29 44.30 51.38 60.61 93.41 Colombia 39.48 52.60 43.42 36.99 41.65 61.54 67.98 South Africa 37.44 45.18 43.76 36.65 39.10 58.00 67.64 Former USSR(2) 38.63 44.69 42.55 36.79 42.22 65.14 68.46 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

69.83

82.27

109.71 146.42 102.69 75.65 82.08 150.20 66.07 66.24 68.03

103.93 112.33 112.36 94.13 97.50 73.02 78.15 80.22 79.10

Coking Coal

(1)





IEA Total* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


9000

140

8000

120

7000 100 6000 5000

80

4000

60

3000

40

2000 20 1000 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

Renewables


1600

1600

1400

1400

1200

1200

1000

1000

800

800

600

600

400

400

200

200

12000

1977



2001

2007e


1800

0 1971

1983


0 1971





12000

10000

10000

8000

8000 6000 6000 4000 4000 2000

2000

0 1971

1977

Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



IEA Total 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


7388.64 1555.69 2958.16 1599.36 241.92 832.57 157.12 34.85 8.17 0.27 0.54

7676.79 1606.47 3063.54 1666.08 271.56 869.45 151.66 28.84 16.21 2.28 0.71

7650.96 1614.03 3010.99 1659.56 289.04 873.10 153.40 28.98 19.28 1.88 0.69

7717.24 1647.84 2988.11 1731.57 299.25 842.32 150.63 32.61 23.60 0.64 0.68


1.24 0.40 0.94 2.23 2.61 1.94 0.56 -0.38 13.14 -2.96 22.32



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


29209 0.26 1078.1 7.16 89.7 91.0 .. 10457 ..



2.40 -1.13 0.68 0.55 -1.13 -1.95 -0.22 1.99 -



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

249.43 772.89 213.08 2.30

273.30 869.55 230.24 2.67

248.75 979.52 272.10 4.96

226.98 931.98 213.97 3.38

232.21 975.81 211.70 4.60

225.41 992.95 213.28 6.00

245.26 979.84 214.16 2.97

-0.02 1.99 2.06 6.61

-0.61 0.09 -1.51 1.19


-0.13 2.07 1.69 5.13

-0.42 0.33 -1.68 1.16




IEA Total 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

3982.68 406.16 2253.56 726.10 109.69 0.07 457.50 29.59

4118.96 353.02 2208.76 793.78 137.48 0.10 0.04 574.89 50.88

4343.47 327.20 2245.23 823.24 116.65 2.18 2.04 769.44 57.48

5109.84 194.86 2627.74 1041.83 177.30 3.20 4.35 992.75 67.82

5306.25 192.49 2737.15 1047.08 178.16 3.88 4.18 1053.42 89.89

5320.12 185.58 2739.10 1029.05 187.42 4.21 4.22 1076.44 94.10

5297.70 190.38 2721.98 999.58 197.98 4.35 4.43 1085.26 93.75

0.51 -1.26 -0.02 0.74 0.36 22.27 3.11 3.98

1.25 -3.33 1.21 1.22 3.36 4.42 4.95 2.17 3.10


1343.76 254.16 439.42 353.37 58.14 223.17 15.52

1307.81 224.19 386.25 346.04 67.91 261.37 22.05

1136.13 224.73 228.66 306.30 48.93 0.31 0.01 307.51 19.68

1252.42 166.93 198.58 386.62 99.01 0.36 0.14 378.67 22.11

1215.47 163.89 199.59 362.84 92.34 0.34 0.18 363.61 32.69

1196.28 157.87 202.62 342.81 94.77 0.37 0.18 363.96 33.72

1195.24 161.97 197.24 339.90 97.29 0.37 0.18 364.53 33.76

-0.98 -0.72 -3.77 -0.84 -1.01 1.90 1.41

0.32 -2.03 -0.92 0.65 4.39 1.10 18.68 1.07 3.43


1003.93 10.30 961.83 24.28

1115.23 3.64 1078.78 24.22

1357.17 0.40 1319.15 26.68

1673.79 0.14 1624.88 29.94

1754.22 0.11 1699.72 27.73

1769.95 0.14 1709.91 29.79

1784.20 0.11 1716.30 29.69

1.79 -17.38 1.88 0.56

1.72 -7.59 1.66 0.67


0.00 7.51 768.16 95.33 278.51 219.46

0.00 8.59 774.51 83.53 206.54 255.33

0.00 10.93 823.55 63.90 160.89 285.02

5.75 13.08 956.22 19.38 170.40 367.14

12.90 13.77 985.95 15.99 161.35 388.56

16.24 13.87 1001.78 16.49 158.11 391.09

24.14 13.95 970.60 18.62 146.05 370.19

-2.02 2.23 0.41 -2.33 -3.18 1.55

x 1.54 1.03 -7.42 -0.60 1.65


31.90 0.07 131.82 11.07 405.47 24.34 185.43 104.05

33.61 0.10 0.04 175.98 19.38 416.59 26.26 149.36 113.78

45.89 0.76 1.91 238.31 26.87 500.51 22.87 119.36 144.59

64.75 1.65 4.00 300.68 28.22 611.12 4.38 113.02 187.35

65.03 2.13 3.81 327.99 21.09 657.53 7.56 115.18 200.38

68.13 2.39 3.83 340.29 21.45 664.51 6.19 111.86 199.24

68.16 2.49 4.02 339.69 21.38 655.31 4.99 99.53 195.52

2.16 14.91 3.54 5.35 1.25 -0.37 -2.56 1.95

2.50 7.73 4.75 2.24 -1.42 1.70 -9.08 -1.13 1.90

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.54 0.51 Geothermal 0.07 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.09 Electricity 89.28 122.44 204.79 Heat 1.21 3.21 8.23 Non-Energy Use 311.38 334.04 396.91 Coal and Peat 4.42 3.27 3.13 Oil 299.79 309.21 347.27 Gas 7.18 21.56 46.51 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3.71 0.61 0.10 290.87 11.07 504.68 2.07 448.58 54.03

5.76 0.83 0.14 317.65 10.03 540.82 2.61 488.51 49.70

5.88 0.89 0.15 329.98 10.31 533.90 2.71 484.00 47.20

5.81 0.92 0.17 338.83 9.54 538.91 2.79 491.02 45.09

-4.66 5.01 11.96 1.44 -2.02 0.87 11.62

16.36 17.55 3.89 3.20 0.93 1.93 -0.70 2.19 -0.19


of which:



IEA Total 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


1166.8 173.5 -158.7 20.5

1375.8 235.0 -215.7 -25.3

1505.3 312.9 -283.3 -21.2

1376.3 426.8 -305.7 58.3

1424.3 501.4 -326.0 6.7

1437.6 532.6 -331.3 -24.9

1442.2 541.7 -345.5 9.4

1.5 3.5 3.5 x

-0.3 3.4 1.0 x

Primary Supply

1202.2

1369.7

1513.7

1555.7

1606.5

1614.0

1647.8

1.4

0.4


21.3

-14.3

9.5

4.9

-16.6

-13.8

..

x

x


-780.3

-974.2

-1174.2

-1345.8

-1386.6

-1391.5

..

2.4

1.1


-638.8 -617.7 -21.1

-850.0 -786.5 -63.6

-1068.2 -1000.9 -67.3

-1249.9 -1196.9 -53.0

-1304.5 -1259.5 -45.0

-1306.0 -1259.1 -46.9

.. .. ..

3.1 2.9 7.1

1.3 1.4 -2.2

-12.0

-8.4

-6.3

-3.6

-3.5

-3.7

..

-3.7

-3.3

-129.5 2.2 -93.2 -37.7 -0.8

-115.8 1.4 -79.5 -37.8 0.1

-99.7 -1.1 -75.7 -18.3 -4.6

-92.3 -0.3 -77.7 -14.3 -0.0

-78.6 -0.4 -70.9 -13.8 6.5

-81.8 -0.4 -72.2 -13.3 4.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.5 -1.2 -4.2 11.2

-1.2 -6.7 -0.3 -2.0 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-33.7

-26.6

-20.9

-18.9

-16.4

-16.9

..

-2.8

-1.3

-3.3

-1.5

-0.8

-1.1

-1.2

-1.5

..

x

x

406.2

353.0

327.2

194.9

185.6

190.4

..

-1.3

-3.3

254.2 131.3 26.4 20.3 11.6

224.2 103.8 24.7 32.1 11.2

224.7 80.8 27.9 41.3 16.1

166.9 60.6 18.1 35.6 8.2

157.9 54.8 16.2 30.8 10.9

162.0 56.2 16.5 31.2 10.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.7 -2.8 0.3 4.3 2.0

-2.0 -2.2 -3.2 -1.7 -2.9

10.3

3.6

0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

-17.4

-7.6

137.3 24.3 95.3

121.9 26.3 83.5

98.9 22.9 63.9

25.7 4.4 19.4

24.9 6.2 16.5

25.5 5.0 18.6

.. .. ..

-1.9 -0.4 -2.3

-8.1 -9.1 -7.4


2.1

2.7

2.8

..

-2.0

-0.7



Industry sector


(7)





IEA Total 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

940.11 701.37 651.67 49.70 25.21 27.71 0.01 2.99 92.99 9.59 13.82 27.16 9.02 33.41 57.64 0.08

1050.02 809.95 758.04 51.90 26.39 27.55 0.01 2.55 101.62 8.42 17.07 33.86 9.62 32.65 55.46 0.11

1211.24 1001.32 953.47 47.85 22.83 24.18 4.41 0.55 115.59 7.09 22.51 41.34 15.77 28.89 33.37 0.33

1357.69 1224.04 1191.07 32.97 2.06 11.46 10.46 99.16 7.26 17.38 36.28 8.52 29.72 17.46 0.36

1459.52 1198.89 1169.22 29.68 109.46 11.39 9.72 95.43 9.29 13.80 32.45 10.86 29.03 17.64 0.49

1483.96 1214.65 1187.86 26.79 122.25 11.65 9.74 94.65 9.08 14.64 31.32 11.35 28.26 17.22 0.71

1484.66 1243.46 1215.81 27.65 96.99 11.62 10.28 96.82 9.50 14.46 31.66 10.50 30.71 16.89 0.57

2.13 3.01 3.22 -0.32 -0.82 -1.13 75.96 -13.21 1.83 -2.49 4.15 3.56 4.77 -1.20 -4.45 12.80

1.28 1.36 1.53 -3.37 9.46 -4.48 5.44 -1.10 1.85 -2.73 -1.65 -2.51 0.38 -4.17 3.40

262.91 7.14 6.19 0.95 246.20 5.74 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.18 0.28 -

279.51 10.83 9.59 1.25 260.55 0.28 5.40 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.21 0.33 -

234.42 18.23 14.32 3.91 206.97 6.71 0.10 2.13 1.63 0.49 0.16 -

204.54 13.37 10.17 3.20 170.35 15.81 2.57 0.18 0.00 0.00 2.39 0.10 0.23

199.52 13.99 11.41 2.58 2.60 159.94 18.09 0.54 0.26 0.28 0.12 0.19

189.70 12.70 10.73 1.97 2.81 156.05 18.75 0.78 0.21 0.57 0.13 0.22

194.18 12.20 9.95 2.25 2.26 160.16 19.03 0.71 0.49 0.22 0.11 0.23

-0.95 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.44 -28.89 19.18 30.01 8.98 -4.53 -

-1.17 -2.48 -2.25 -3.39 -1.59 6.74 -6.64 -7.26 -4.96 -2.15 -


630.41 585.42 576.76 8.66 13.13 7.02 17.14 1.00 3.52 0.90 0.58 11.14 8.82 0.16

625.03 578.85 570.68 8.17 12.77 6.38 13.01 0.74 3.42 0.54 0.39 7.93 9.43 0.19

631.83 588.70 580.57 8.12 13.29 6.88 10.67 0.90 3.43 0.56 0.51 5.28 8.07 0.21

626.57 579.46 571.42 8.05 13.69 7.10 11.93 0.84 3.70 0.68 0.36 6.35 9.11 0.20

1.80 3.05 2.97 4.76 -1.74 2.38 -1.04 6.02 -2.20 2.10 -6.21 -0.54 3.07 -1.78

-1.71 -0.36 -0.14 -7.86 -12.27 -1.12 -7.98 -5.97 -6.59 -6.88 -10.37 -8.78 -9.05 -7.24





IEA Total 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..



.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..




1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

173.50 144.44 .. .. 5.30 23.75

235.03 208.89 123.89 85.00 5.73 20.40

312.85 291.79 140.44 151.36 7.18 0.10 13.78

426.78 400.45 136.07 264.38 5.35 0.10 20.88

478.76 450.98 127.85 323.14 7.11 0.15 20.52

515.81 486.41 137.85 348.56 5.58 0.16 23.65

501.43 475.80 133.70 342.10 6.86 0.13 18.64

532.61 506.21 137.46 368.75 7.88 0.11 18.41

541.66 515.65 135.92 379.73 7.39 0.13 18.49


331.35 312.73 171.79 140.93 2.84 0.04 15.74

345.48 327.79 186.32 141.47 3.37 0.01 14.30





IEA Total 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

164431

216985

304748

439238

494354

534090

530151

561387

572204

97373 29796 11598 909 10948 6619 79 24605 116

120807 32520 11811 1072 8326 5055 66 48276 252

135692 49608 16128 774 3141 2570 52 43199 305

138556 67156 17972 3388 2 3118 24037 391

130268 66120 13501 4059 2749 36 13991 456

140345 68654 14050 3656 108 2949 5 18098 407

135915 65876 15011 3366 289 3246 6 19348 433

139594 68770 15492 4562 3 4053 17668 385

137997 72748 16866 4944 3896 1 17628 524

420 2566 5249 4468

979 3347 4890 4213

2803 177 714 3213 8569 4439

9557 140 6327 991 4825 26 454 80 92

13777 374 7716 432 5380 512 1109 56

14641 287 9201 456 6058 613 969 193

10111 202 9850 320 6326 548 872 111

9194 222 10622 90 6712 713 815 40 253

3732 240 9681 261 6657 175 409 235

67058 4556 970 243 6716 16292 2285 9296 980

96178 9137 1099 255 4145 17246 4184 24092 1406

169056 34664 9885 327 2124 10802 2428 35842 3686

300682 76734 10111 2393 431 17722 589 21162 4289

364086 86998 7063 1814 327 15470 420 10279 4393

393745 94863 5156 1801 540 15280 352 14735 3269

394236 95592 6124 1004 533 14825 298 9943 3278

421793 94834 7130 1214 431 14297 177 10118 3439

434207 101750 9726 1303 311 9541 238 10019 4940


1503 9 21112 2638 9352

6287 10450 1000 33156 9517 1752 150 6986

34740 29224 23066 46319 20815 894 4985 1573 5635

52216 38765 36060 59071 35769 1721 8886 3171 1663

42637 41648 47184 55933 51967 2430 6127 3558 6265

35030 47071 52904 53092 59445 3183 5108 2699 4107

31371 49205 66636 55406 68509 2696 5344 3276 7710

31533 54648 65733 51864 73925 3089 5030 2620 7937





IEA Total 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

91030

119031

151437

169287

160526

168593

186619

180876

196360

83662 813 3468 5410 7661 714 191 6868 42951 2503 286 10 2971 68 265 5126 1888 769 18 498 1027 157

107916 664 3835 5694 143 47 9186 1916 412 6 198 9285 56274 4260 1 28 3516 252 305 4345 2889 1196 99 796 2569 -

120206 785 7345 4018 50 127 8301 761 28 1 8576 55617 7961 3 5175 99 765 3681 4265 1568 3 2869 7436 772

128061 122 1844 4583 3501 214 1005 6670 4891 1075 48 4 7451 52886 15305 1406 4745 95 538 198 1570 4616 2128 46 3954 8626 540

111942 1856 2582 3263 411 1214 6085 3430 541 83 2 5123 49741 10710 1821 5980 139 399 2010 4367 1341 3141 6291 1412

118510 1713 2733 3431 462 20 1090 5746 3862 553 385 82 5 4607 50154 13986 1704 7461 32 572 88 2308 4220 1777 22 3139 6449 1909

131497 1753 3429 4034 523 1181 5535 4373 449 57 15 6494 54450 17954 1582 8055 18 592 1909 4598 1690 3599 7366 1841

125517 1547 3594 4134 944 1172 5061 4658 674 19 1 6506 52961 12277 2125 9336 1367 2353 3678 1596 3357 6606 1551

129430 1583 3625 3299 1024 848 5842 4835 579 30 1 6785 57313 8570 2204 10574 14 1501 2820 3932 1765 3466 7253 1567

7368 2121 1186 218 232 1348 521 951 69 722

11023 3490 1196 1021 490 1120 808 1663 168 1067

26033 7618 3155 1009 4895 50 3815 1068 1372 1823 1228

37791 10695 7713 1211 10795 56 505 1825 1869 1316 1806

39500 9602 4901 1765 14126 161 260 3028 2004 2652 1001

43820 8779 6749 1157 14395 311 2735 2050 6447 1197

50992 8376 8365 1414 18520 129 593 3184 2381 6363 1667

46337 9288 8937 1392 17351 194 146 811 2455 3937 1826

50887 11293 8455 1700 18760 213 287 1047 2566 4237 2329


92

5198

3435

9084

6263

4130

9022

16043





IEA Total 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

65973

78163

123767

143305

153428

158263

154249

160710

161034

24309 15 2555 8782 1542 6 3314 2116 1 209 115 1732 356 52 1021 167 15 237 21 70 82 79 1040 782

42733 27 3697 10136 2838 390 6181 4094 5 448 956 5007 563 96 3136 108 33 322 983 118 265 3269 61

79894 2 14 3536 10083 4845 206 3657 2648 33 1790 4544 30430 4243 3 188 8516 1 369 1 1572 746 302 80 15 1845 225

119620 1312 1509 13524 864 2594 1228 3370 15020 112 279 7 1208 1360 51786 13730 93 373 3556 16 671 15 348 286 1874 253 20 110 3866 236

125628 22 1503 852 15570 750 2038 1817 3380 14164 276 257 6 1525 833 52906 14765 52 3363 2508 118 399 37 1521 299 1702 753 96 154 3069 893

133742 1622 1258 12681 783 2262 1272 3185 16814 69 258 16 1626 727 60417 16886 42 2367 2698 106 592 7 781 294 1081 453 8 67 4436 934

128028 1201 1293 13644 719 1220 963 3613 13088 144 300 45 1163 409 58239 18696 38 4579 2205 56 496 82 580 257 349 443 8 178 3668 352

134354 1316 865 13949 946 1371 927 3652 16278 133 264 81 516 155 60705 21157 30 4918 1506 82 422 17 411 206 860 371 17 2867 332

131041 1329 862 13402 1372 1099 452 2610 12535 104 143 75 577 941 61843 20454 39 4944 2849 83 228 9 486 169 618 367 3 1 3222 225

355 11 76 3 82 129 54

2983 110 1521 462 66 576 166 82

14570 345 6866 1 2551 48 1058 33 1039 642 1624 363

23103 22 10034 2 421 2469 2623 828 1438 4321 945

24571 232 10817 1 735 1544 1296 554 848 7149 1395

23712 883 9896 1 1202 2014 1716 135 859 1358 5354 294

26019 726 14330 4 374 1430 1170 844 499 681 5765 196

25845 231 13208 17 77 1297 321 931 192 371 8165 1035

28839 150 13300 9 78 1235 494 1069 2484 793 8242 985


32447

29303

582

3229

809

202

511

1154





IEA North America* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


4000

160

3500

140

3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


1000

900

900

800

800

700

700

600

600 500 500 400

400

300

300 200

200

100

100

0 1971

6000

1977



0 1971





6000

5000

5000

4000

4000 3000 3000 2000 2000 1000 0 1971

1000

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


IEA North America 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 2707.34 2863.46 3051.10 Coal and Peat 466.16 567.80 689.50 Oil 1289.61 1275.14 1210.51 Gas 788.26 746.19 704.23 Comb. Renew/Waste 64.73 88.77 100.63 Nuclear 39.01 113.96 255.40 Hydro 56.52 65.11 70.01 Geothermal 3.01 6.57 20.14 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.46 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.03 -0.06 0.20 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3649.50 821.79 1397.54 888.31 121.15 324.09 75.15 18.70 2.98 -0.21 -

3736.48 840.71 1499.57 839.53 125.66 336.09 78.15 12.33 4.34 0.11 -

3700.63 826.42 1474.93 829.63 131.94 340.34 79.52 12.34 5.60 -0.09 -

3770.49 834.20 1468.71 887.48 135.68 346.49 76.10 15.32 6.43 0.07 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.71 2.33 -0.37 -0.66 2.63 11.69 1.27 11.83 11.90 -

1.21 1.14 1.24 1.03 1.71 1.81 0.80 -3.02 16.87 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


12378 0.30 335.4 11.24 87.6 86.0 .. 5003 ..


Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.96 -2.19 1.01 -0.30 -2.19 -0.61 -0.09 2.98 -

2.96 -1.69 1.13 0.09 -1.69 -1.76 -0.88 1.78 -



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

106.78 421.01 23.37 -

132.98 505.67 30.53 -

121.63 646.92 55.94 -

78.90 690.82 57.79 -

66.99 728.23 58.00 -

64.71 747.68 58.03 -

69.44 732.44 55.51 -

1.09 3.64 7.54 -

-3.87 0.91 0.23 -


1.10 3.88 7.88 -

-3.31 1.32 0.13 -




IEA North America 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

2074.94 112.81 1107.14 558.62 64.35 231.88 0.14

2105.00 86.42 1108.96 533.76 88.28 286.10 1.47

2093.28 82.11 1094.40 494.70 42.70 0.48 374.91 3.98

2507.01 49.80 1277.88 590.42 88.34 0.74 2.06 489.07 8.70

2571.39 53.20 1365.20 552.13 85.20 1.07 1.81 507.05 5.74

2565.73 48.73 1370.48 526.56 91.58 1.22 1.76 519.41 5.99

2533.82 46.50 1364.49 499.83 96.07 1.32 1.83 518.61 5.17

0.05 -1.85 -0.07 -0.71 -2.38 2.87 21.94

1.20 -3.49 1.39 0.06 5.20 6.53 2.05 1.65


627.58 92.64 123.24 270.24 48.97 92.35 0.14

624.92 74.78 144.40 239.61 56.35 108.34 1.43

470.95 67.93 72.91 181.05 21.06 127.09 0.90

551.38 46.13 45.88 224.56 62.25 0.16 165.29 7.11

504.01 48.43 57.98 198.58 55.33 0.14 138.75 4.80

488.47 44.52 62.83 179.60 56.95 0.15 139.49 4.92

482.39 44.06 61.90 176.58 57.74 0.16 137.70 4.25

-1.67 -1.81 -3.04 -2.33 -4.84 1.90 11.73

0.15 -2.67 -1.02 -0.16 6.51 0.50 10.19


648.17 0.18 623.01 24.06

681.05 656.98 23.41

778.13 751.07 26.15

943.84 909.52 28.48

988.87 952.71 24.67

1003.62 964.03 26.37

1007.32 963.53 26.15

1.08 1.11 0.49

1.63 1.57 -0.00


0.92 375.63 4.77 120.29 170.29

0.66 348.39 2.35 74.47 170.28

0.91 340.99 2.17 44.32 162.73

4.74 1.10 421.34 1.99 50.22 185.84

10.08 1.41 425.44 0.04 47.20 181.95

11.77 1.45 432.82 0.05 44.51 180.73

16.18 1.46 408.15 0.06 37.89 164.46

-0.10 -0.57 -4.54 -5.70 -0.27

3.01 1.13 -20.46 -0.98 0.07


2.73 77.55 236.58 4.87 78.65 94.03

2.73 98.57 229.78 2.63 52.80 96.74

2.30 129.47 0.00 258.52 3.41 36.26 99.39

17.44 0.31 2.06 163.48 314.99 1.30 32.05 119.98

16.66 0.50 1.81 177.28 331.17 3.51 37.20 118.34

19.65 0.57 1.76 185.54 0.00 330.70 2.99 36.12 113.86

18.96 0.66 1.83 184.29 0.00 322.16 1.87 32.95 107.17

-1.01 3.06 0.52 -2.07 -4.45 0.33

14.11 2.23 4.43 1.38 -3.70 -0.60 0.47

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 59.03 77.57 116.38 Heat 0.04 3.08 Non-Energy Use 137.18 162.28 191.52 Coal and Peat 0.18 0.47 Oil 137.18 158.76 166.39 Gas 3.33 24.67 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.77 0.27 158.01 1.59 247.17 0.38 216.07 30.73

3.09 0.43 167.66 0.94 272.00 0.39 243.68 27.93

2.94 0.49 173.24 1.07 262.61 0.56 236.65 25.39

2.82 0.50 175.92 0.92 265.34 0.48 240.01 24.85

4.07 1.98 1.14 -

2.62 -7.25 2.06 0.18 2.32 0.05


of which:



IEA North America 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


492.9 16.0 -55.2 12.5

669.2 16.9 -97.9 -20.4

824.5 16.6 -126.2 -25.4

827.5 35.3 -79.9 38.9

853.2 45.6 -65.4 7.3

870.4 50.2 -64.9 -29.3

857.4 47.9 -75.4 4.3

3.1 0.2 5.0 x

0.3 7.2 -4.1 x

Primary Supply

466.2

567.8

689.5

821.8

840.7

826.4

834.2

2.3

1.1


18.7

-10.9

12.2

7.3

-24.8

-21.4

..

x

x


-363.4

-466.8

-617.6

-777.2

-764.1

-755.5

..

3.2

1.3


-321.7 -321.7 -

-438.7 -438.7 -0.0

-595.8 -589.5 -6.2

-756.2 -739.3 -17.0

-753.3 -744.9 -8.4

-742.2 -733.1 -9.1

.. .. ..

3.7 3.6 -

1.4 1.4 2.4

-0.1

-

-2.7

-2.7

-2.7

-2.9

..

26.3

0.3

-41.6 -27.7 -13.9 -

-28.2 -18.4 -9.8 -

-19.1 -12.9 -6.2 -

-18.2 -12.3 -5.9 -

-8.2 -10.2 -4.2 6.3

-10.4 -10.1 -4.2 3.9

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.5 -4.4 -4.6 -

-3.7 -1.6 -2.4 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-8.6

-3.6

-1.9

-2.1

-3.0

-3.1

..

-8.5

3.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

112.8

86.4

82.1

49.8

48.7

46.5

..

-1.9

-3.5

92.6 52.1 11.9 5.9 7.1

74.8 33.7 11.2 10.3 7.4

67.9 19.2 12.4 11.6 10.4

46.1 12.8 9.3 12.1 3.6

44.5 5.6 7.0 11.5 6.5

44.1 6.7 7.0 11.6 5.8

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.8 -5.7 0.2 4.1 2.2

-2.7 -6.4 -3.5 0.0 -3.6

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

20.0 4.9 4.8

11.5 2.6 2.4

13.7 3.4 2.2

3.3 1.3 2.0

3.7 3.0 0.1

2.0 1.9 0.1

.. .. ..

-2.2 -2.1 -4.5

-11.5 -3.7 -20.5


0.4

0.6

0.5

..

-

0.2



Industry sector


(7)





IEA North America 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

496.24 418.38 418.37 0.01 46.04 3.73 10.34 11.88 7.82 12.27 8.58 -

560.62 491.32 491.31 0.01 46.33 2.53 12.72 11.62 8.27 11.19 5.40 0.02

715.52 649.21 642.91 6.29 0.18 53.39 1.70 14.26 12.65 11.37 13.42 6.03 0.26

884.21 851.28 835.80 15.49 2.50 37.51 1.35 10.51 13.26 4.10 8.29 3.70 0.33

927.37 770.38 762.70 7.68 107.54 1.73 37.70 0.67 7.08 12.62 6.46 10.88 4.05 0.33

949.17 776.06 769.56 6.50 119.79 1.25 37.49 0.27 7.23 12.55 6.84 10.60 3.60 0.53

931.49 791.45 784.36 7.09 94.20 1.41 36.81 0.41 7.10 12.82 6.04 10.44 2.28 0.43

3.10 3.73 3.65 66.36 1.24 -6.36 2.71 0.53 3.17 0.75 -2.90 -

1.66 1.25 1.25 0.75 13.61 -2.30 -8.55 -4.27 0.08 -3.87 -1.56 -5.90 3.26

75.66 71.74 -

68.78 67.78 -

40.29 40.27 -

30.42 30.20 -

26.05 2.60 23.25 -

25.18 2.81 22.73 -

26.02 2.26 22.89 -

-5.12 -4.70 -

-2.70 -3.47 -

43.94 58.04 109.28 41.10 53.39 101.99 41.10 53.39 100.89 1.10 5.64 2.47 3.05 1.41 0.17 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.19 0.10 2.31 2.69 1.08 0.34 0.29 0.17 Non-energy use 0.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

114.73 110.09 108.85 1.25 5.67 1.59 0.24 0.00 0.10 1.25 0.12 0.14

117.06 108.84 106.72 2.12 4.87 0.36 0.23 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.16

118.27 109.76 107.70 2.06 5.39 0.39 0.24 0.01 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.16

118.55 108.54 106.53 2.01 5.59 0.39 0.24 0.01 0.06 0.09 0.06 0.16

7.89 7.87 7.77 -4.57 -4.60 -6.12 -5.64 -

0.51 0.39 0.34 3.85 -0.06 -7.71 0.13 7.11 -2.89 -14.63 -6.23 3.73





IEA North America 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..



.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..




1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

15.98 14.72 .. .. 1.26

16.93 16.12 6.21 9.91 0.81

16.60 15.64 4.22 11.41 0.97

35.28 28.68 5.72 22.96 2.80 3.80

42.15 34.04 4.78 29.27 5.59 2.51

44.75 34.70 5.19 29.51 3.96 6.09

45.62 37.30 5.60 31.70 5.23 3.08

50.20 40.80 5.56 35.24 5.84 3.55

47.89 40.02 4.70 35.33 4.97 2.90

Total Exports 55.24 97.89 126.22 79.86 61.02 61.59 65.44 Hard Coal 53.62 96.02 125.51 78.58 60.23 60.19 63.63 Coking Coal .. 71.71 84.68 54.27 40.91 42.74 46.70 Steam Coal .. 24.31 40.83 24.31 19.32 17.45 16.93 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.11 0.16 0.18 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.62 1.84 0.67 1.25 0.68 1.24 1.63 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

64.87 63.17 43.96 19.21 0.23 1.47

75.40 73.64 49.63 24.01 0.37 1.39





IEA North America 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

16929

16717

16618

30061

36065

37432

40273

43987

43224

5454 5454 -

6389 6389 -

4491 4491 -

5843 1511 4296 -

4828 200 1356 3264 -

5416 182 1735 3429 -

5831 144 1458 4160 -

5786 72 1461 4133 -

4894 1469 3293 46

-

-

-

36 -

8 -

70 -

9 60

7 113

86 -

11475 933 49 645 8796 -

10328 37 287 9245 -

12127 22 883 5 9639 -

24218 152 155 14090 6

31237 113 441 14 176 55 7541 232

32016 86 764 68 40 7371 103

34442 66 244 70 1 6318 39

38201 150 288 1 6041 96

38330 60 209 1 5043 32


699 60

1296 277 5

173 6928 651 61 26 1904 72

799 14266 1910 71 211 64 5118 20 206

132 16004 1979 31 275 225 4730 208

69 20554 2239 70 471 141 3951 85 124

55 23268 2855 56 1117 4253 21

47 25339 3323 402 97 3731 46





IEA North America 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

40450

71373

84419

58166

43755

48196

52711

49586

55882

36030 1103 5410 1468 560 3069 19925 1173 929 68 265 838 453 409 360 -

62263 2840 5694 141 20 4082 1710 364 6 198 5594 30625 1994 28 2390 252 305 2171 1073 99 796 1881 -

67287 5538 3988 50 127 4880 708 28 6536 26588 2908 3 3975 99 753 3156 866 1957 4355 772

45136 2717 3501 288 2782 1211 65 48 4467 12937 4947 740 2143 42 198 2331 642 2403 3134 540

33980 1405 3263 397 1483 1608 83 3495 7488 3268 1324 2595 17 1871 346 1771 2203 1363

36147 1309 3431 412 1388 2020 553 82 2677 7759 3848 1253 2787 32 88 1426 570 22 2457 2298 1735

41133 239 1528 4034 776 1610 2230 57 3672 8446 5497 994 2355 18 2029 464 2667 2915 1602

38265 30 1596 4134 795 1652 2607 70 19 4152 7523 4573 612 2297 54 1397 426 2186 2681 1461

36537 125 1424 3299 435 2176 2789 30 4203 8430 129 546 2895 10 401 915 1563 483 2263 2953 1468

4420 1942 205 218 200 673 1 914 24 243

9026 3490 359 749 263 853 642 1603 49 1018

11934 6327 357 586 50 1559 614 872 529 1040

9805 5564 1440 682 22 56 443 269 496 833

9774 4841 1077 1306 18 58 695 446 799 534

11960 4545 1438 1120 813 121 381 622 2333 587

11578 4831 1274 706 1078 547 377 575 1060 1130

11144 5519 1220 869 959 75 312 681 265 1244

12990 7261 1453 800 209 500 640 240 1887


84

5198

3225

1

89

-

177

6355





IEA North America 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

10808

27123

42493

26922

23421

20901

20448

22701

27909

10341 27 8782 309 38 528 22 243 356 27 5 4

25340 1383 10136 1608 233 2984 1188 4 159 924 1426 552 1834 24 970 39 1875 1

35375 1 2178 10083 3321 1758 384 15 1322 4451 4007 719 188 3982 1 62 1386 282 21 15 1005 194

25397 429 13524 70 564 522 456 79 4425 2275 373 643 74 343 441 55 1016 108

19799 22 348 15569 1 265 66 46 355 2 216 62 270 568 99 511 406 126 114 212 541

18478 555 12680 67 376 122 1640 665 80 591 317 67 558 760

18046 411 13625 66 28 133 23 962 749 341 829 143 71 67 361 237

20586 363 13907 348 360 195 569 1379 918 156 593 267 250 1053 228

22581 75 483 13386 72 176 584 1009 74 135 2099 72 148 2278 258 1 1578 153

95 11 1 82 1 -

1699 98 530 413 56 575 19 8

5891 177 3820 108 530 682 522 5 47

971 22 1 825 49 8 66

573 182 1 184 139 67 -

1770 883 1 224 135 358 140 29

2202 693 1 217 844 63 269 115

1803 176 3 71 927 190 358 4 74

4420 95 2 1 172 1069 2212 789 12 68


84

1227

554

3049

653

200

312

908





IEA Europe* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


700

700

600

600

500

500

400

400

300

300

200

200

100

100

4000



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

800

0 1971

1977


0 1971


3500

4000

3000

3500




3000

2500

2500

2000

2000 1500 1500 1000

1000

500 0 1971

500

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



IEA Europe 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


2532.44 467.33 978.49 558.22 102.03 348.01 65.69 7.83 3.82 0.49 0.54

2684.63 457.63 1006.56 649.15 124.60 365.25 58.90 9.20 10.49 2.17 0.67

2687.36 472.10 993.40 640.14 134.85 364.42 58.11 9.53 12.20 1.97 0.65

2666.84 486.11 968.88 640.57 140.60 344.39 59.86 9.87 15.36 0.56 0.62


0.93 -1.75 0.67 3.51 3.63 1.41 0.47 3.78 23.56 -2.28 21.84



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


10365 0.26 541.5 4.93 91.1 90.0 .. 3570 ..



2.16 -1.20 0.51 0.42 -1.20 -3.82 -0.20 1.85 -



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

95.28 310.02 179.98 2.30

91.83 319.35 188.71 2.67

63.70 239.86 201.47 4.96

44.80 122.24 135.13 3.38

37.08 102.49 132.25 4.60

36.16 97.12 133.61 6.00

35.86 94.94 135.57 2.97

-3.30 -2.12 0.94 6.61

-3.48 -5.49 -2.53 1.19


-3.59 -2.04 0.90 5.13

-3.54 -5.42 -2.47 1.16




IEA Europe 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

1479.88 246.98 844.56 153.86 40.36 0.07 164.64 29.41

1557.57 215.02 802.04 237.99 43.56 0.10 0.01 209.58 49.26

1624.48 173.71 769.33 291.36 63.88 1.20 0.25 271.55 53.22

1793.56 88.06 860.82 382.02 76.14 1.82 0.96 330.10 53.64

1899.79 80.21 886.32 414.82 80.11 2.17 1.40 357.66 77.10

1914.00 76.68 889.50 417.45 82.61 2.36 1.50 363.08 80.83

1924.27 81.25 888.05 410.92 88.49 2.40 1.65 370.04 81.46

0.55 -2.05 -0.55 3.83 2.74 18.04 2.99 3.55

1.06 -4.64 0.90 2.17 2.06 4.44 12.65 1.95 2.70


532.56 127.33 214.57 77.85 7.03 90.40 15.38

509.28 111.28 166.86 97.10 8.39 105.03 20.62

456.18 100.25 81.73 111.00 21.19 0.01 123.24 18.78

461.19 66.37 76.46 139.68 27.29 0.01 0.14 139.28 11.97

470.77 59.24 74.36 138.26 27.23 0.02 0.18 147.74 23.76

465.90 56.42 73.15 134.89 27.45 0.02 0.18 149.07 24.74

467.05 58.79 69.15 133.78 28.87 0.02 0.18 150.84 25.43

-0.91 -1.40 -5.52 2.11 6.70 1.84 1.18

0.15 -3.28 -1.04 1.17 1.95 18.67 1.27 1.91


269.03 9.79 254.15 0.22

319.22 3.63 308.89 0.81

411.78 0.30 403.44 0.43

505.03 0.01 493.88 1.03

532.45 0.01 517.97 2.25

537.95 0.01 521.66 2.45

550.33 0.00 530.67 2.35

2.54 -18.56 2.76 3.99

1.83 -31.11 1.73 11.13


0.00 4.86 345.30 79.02 144.38 43.30

0.00 5.89 366.05 68.26 116.38 75.52

0.00 7.60 397.50 49.23 94.02 108.25

1.00 9.11 429.01 16.55 90.38 155.68

2.81 9.41 450.98 14.99 87.21 178.55

4.43 9.40 454.54 15.04 85.82 180.62

7.84 9.46 450.07 16.96 81.69 176.42

-2.02 2.67 0.83 -2.75 -2.49 5.54

65.27 1.38 0.78 -6.44 -0.87 3.10


26.32 0.07 41.14 11.07 136.40 19.20 82.12 7.89

28.45 0.10 0.01 57.95 19.38 149.66 23.11 72.12 14.36

40.27 0.68 0.18 78.04 26.82 157.71 17.87 39.64 38.23

44.21 1.34 0.65 93.57 26.64 174.44 2.01 30.56 50.24

45.73 1.63 1.06 102.60 19.21 196.07 2.80 31.74 59.91

46.05 1.81 1.15 104.72 19.33 198.90 2.06 31.50 61.68

47.06 1.83 1.28 105.44 19.39 200.97 1.98 29.99 61.83

2.53 14.21 3.84 5.34 0.86 -0.42 -4.19 9.73

0.98 6.36 12.99 1.90 -2.01 1.53 -12.84 -1.73 3.05

Comb. Renew/Waste 1.16 1.50 0.44 Geothermal 0.01 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Electricity 24.87 35.55 56.60 Heat 1.17 3.03 4.91 Non-Energy Use 115.93 122.36 141.48 Coal and Peat 4.42 3.08 2.08 Oil 104.59 101.49 119.39 Gas 6.92 17.79 20.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1.70 0.03 0.07 81.23 8.61 158.42 1.19 137.71 19.52

2.26 0.08 0.11 91.12 8.05 163.89 1.67 143.49 18.72

2.54 0.09 0.11 92.78 8.15 166.76 1.62 145.54 19.60

2.50 0.11 0.13 96.85 7.57 166.27 1.73 146.46 18.08

-5.54 4.96 8.82 1.18 -4.35 0.78 6.45

11.47 21.29 11.95 3.41 2.75 1.01 -1.14 1.29 -0.63


of which:



IEA Europe 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


579.5 97.9 -77.4 7.8

602.5 143.2 -75.0 -13.6

510.0 168.1 -58.7 6.4

305.5 196.0 -48.1 13.8

276.4 227.2 -41.7 -4.3

272.9 247.5 -47.4 -0.9

269.3 248.9 -40.6 8.5

-0.7 3.2 -1.6 x

-3.8 2.4 -1.3 x

Primary Supply

607.7

657.1

625.8

467.3

457.6

472.1

486.1

0.2

-1.7


5.1

-1.1

-5.8

-0.1

-1.9

-0.0

..

x

x


-341.4

-421.2

-432.5

-368.1

-368.3

-380.5

..

1.4

-0.8


-279.3 -258.2 -21.1

-366.1 -306.9 -59.2

-386.1 -336.0 -50.0

-330.0 -310.5 -19.5

-335.7 -317.6 -18.1

-345.6 -326.2 -19.4

.. .. ..

1.9 1.6 5.2

-0.7 -0.2 -5.8

-8.9

-6.6

-3.0

-0.6

-0.7

-0.8

..

-6.2

-7.8

-53.2 2.4 -38.4 -18.0 0.8

-48.6 1.6 -37.3 -13.5 0.7

-43.4 -1.1 -32.4 -10.1 0.2

-37.5 -0.3 -30.0 -7.4 0.2

-31.9 -0.3 -27.5 -4.3 0.1

-34.2 -0.3 -27.9 -6.0 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.2 -1.0 -3.3 -7.4

-1.5 -8.6 -0.9 -3.2 -6.9


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-21.1

-18.3

-13.0

-10.0

-9.5

-8.8

..

-2.8

-2.4

-3.3

-1.5

-0.8

-1.1

-1.2

-1.5

..

x

x

247.0

215.0

173.7

88.1

76.7

81.3

..

-2.0

-4.6

127.3 52.3 14.1 13.5 4.1

111.3 42.9 12.8 16.0 3.4

100.2 39.7 11.3 17.7 3.8

66.4 27.5 4.4 11.3 2.2

56.4 25.0 4.9 8.1 2.0

58.8 25.3 4.7 8.2 2.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.4 -1.6 -1.3 1.6 -0.5

-3.3 -2.8 -5.4 -4.7 -4.0

9.8

3.6

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-18.6

-31.1

105.4 19.2 79.0

97.0 23.1 68.3

71.1 17.9 49.2

20.5 2.0 16.5

18.6 2.1 15.0

20.7 2.0 17.0

.. .. ..

-2.3 -0.4 -2.7

-7.4 -12.8 -6.4


1.2

1.6

1.7

..

-4.4

-1.1



Industry sector


(7)





IEA Europe 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

386.63 252.42 203.10 49.33 6.57 27.58 0.01 2.80 39.59 4.40 3.13 13.41 0.84 17.80 47.57 0.08

418.97 283.00 232.57 50.42 6.00 27.51 0.01 2.43 42.76 4.37 4.09 14.81 0.91 18.58 48.76 0.09

367.50 274.89 238.33 36.56 2.02 18.30 3.58 0.55 37.15 3.35 5.62 16.06 2.15 9.98 26.36 0.05

272.43 220.17 210.41 9.76 0.84 7.29 30.56 3.23 2.96 9.72 1.77 12.89 12.67 0.03

290.04 237.18 226.49 10.69 0.53 7.12 28.59 3.83 2.74 7.03 1.58 13.41 12.33 0.16

281.45 229.44 220.44 9.00 0.45 7.69 28.18 4.02 3.30 6.40 1.61 12.84 12.48 0.18

294.85 241.09 231.76 9.33 0.46 8.05 30.63 4.25 2.95 6.56 1.59 15.28 13.47 0.13

-0.42 0.71 1.34 -2.47 -9.37 -3.36 72.95 -12.73 -0.53 -2.26 4.99 1.51 8.14 -4.71 -4.80 -3.32

-1.37 -0.82 -0.17 -8.18 -8.82 5.20 -1.20 1.50 -3.96 -5.44 -1.85 2.70 -4.11 6.00

119.30 7.14 6.19 0.95 110.11 1.30 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.27 -

129.48 10.83 9.59 1.25 116.09 0.28 1.10 0.23 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.21 0.32 -

111.31 18.23 14.32 3.91 89.71 1.45 0.10 1.97 1.63 0.34 0.14 -

92.82 13.37 10.17 3.20 73.01 1.85 2.57 0.18 0.00 0.00 2.39 0.10 0.23

86.42 13.99 11.41 2.58 67.96 2.61 0.54 0.26 0.28 0.12 0.19

81.75 12.70 10.73 1.97 64.76 2.83 0.78 0.21 0.57 0.13 0.22

85.09 12.20 9.95 2.25 69.26 2.76 0.46 0.24 0.22 0.11 0.23

-0.58 8.12 7.23 12.52 -1.69 -19.50 24.42 57.52 8.07 -5.56 -

-1.67 -2.48 -2.25 -3.39 -1.60 4.08 -8.70 -11.29 -2.62 -1.24 -


448.13 408.99 402.67 6.33 12.18 1.35 15.37 1.00 3.28 0.90 0.48 9.71 8.62 0.02

441.35 404.12 398.07 6.05 12.31 1.51 12.43 0.74 3.18 0.53 0.33 7.65 9.25 0.03

446.13 412.65 406.58 6.07 12.44 1.49 10.07 0.90 3.19 0.55 0.45 4.98 7.95 0.04

440.01 403.84 397.80 6.04 13.04 1.51 11.31 0.84 3.46 0.67 0.30 6.04 8.99 0.04

1.04 2.22 2.09 4.63 -1.70 -6.50 -0.86 6.02 -2.38 2.10 -5.73 -0.22 3.14 -2.94

-2.60 -0.91 -0.63 -9.07 -12.44 -3.90 -8.07 -5.97 -6.84 -6.94 -11.12 -8.80 -9.09 -15.26





IEA Europe 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..



.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..




1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

97.87 70.11 .. .. 5.30 22.46

143.15 117.94 48.56 69.39 5.73 19.48

168.14 148.57 56.35 92.21 7.18 0.10 12.30

196.02 178.89 56.67 122.22 2.55 0.10 14.48

214.98 198.20 48.04 150.16 1.51 0.15 15.12

230.13 214.62 53.16 161.45 1.62 0.16 13.73

227.16 212.93 53.92 159.01 1.62 0.13 12.47

247.49 232.81 57.13 175.68 2.04 0.11 12.52

248.86 233.42 57.71 175.71 2.43 0.13 12.89


47.38 32.43 7.88 24.55 2.61 0.04 12.31

40.61 25.86 6.26 19.60 3.00 0.01 11.74





IEA Europe 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

92461

126664

157476

195113

218264

236015

235051

257360

257720


39034 4497 294 909 10550 6190 79 8745 105

48204 4326 224 1072 8326 4668 66 21591 182

54972 10043 2812 774 3141 2570 52 28433 80

56057 21758 7072 3388 2 3118 16900 24

47381 19478 5952 4059 2749 10706 92

52237 20587 6067 3656 108 2949 12490 88

52927 20394 6735 3366 289 3246 6 13840 180

56055 22092 7036 4562 3 4053 13335 56

56578 22693 7220 4944 3896 1 14081 47

206 3005 4454

544 2992 4213

1 24 46 158 2419 4419

2 140 441 388 2327 26 418 53 -

162 355 121 387 1670 512 1109 29

1976 275 433 1918 543 969 178

279 193 295 2658 548 872 26

291 206 65 2674 713 815 40 114

52 154 261 2428 175 409 217

53427 2955 816 243 6716 15647 2285 499 980

78460 4875 695 255 4145 16959 4184 14231 1406

102504 9790 832 327 2124 10802 2423 20452 3548

139056 9416 12 2393 431 17722 589 4676 3646

170883 12162 207 1814 313 15294 365 2529 3504

183778 10442 286 1801 540 15212 303 3749 2387

182124 7533 807 1004 533 14755 297 2355 2671

201305 6507 210 1214 431 14297 176 3379 2680

201142 7758 336 1303 311 9541 237 4905 4901


417 20027 2405 8861

2783 9060 194 26099 6115 1475 6480

1887 22296 8230 42810 15292 894 3081 561 5120

3635 24479 12423 58920 28414 1657 3760 343 1064

3112 25621 13559 55859 41242 2205 1397 321 5742

1898 26517 14251 52971 48664 3021 1142 213 3492

2012 25919 20555 55299 56963 2696 1091 390 7486

2384 29309 16353 51303 60241 2992 1299 244 7725





IEA Europe 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

19495

14068

8555

9747

6767

6757

6663

8093

6464

18476 813 1991 5020 154 2480 375 286 1050 5126 457 316 18 89 198 103

13736 664 820 2 27 4201 206 2527 1 797 4345 20 123 3 -

8455 785 753 1443 28 1 859 475 12 3681 415 3 -

8106 1844 1 214 717 108 1061 1010 4 323 53 538 1570 65 494 100 4 -

6548 1856 43 411 403 181 367 541 2 122 399 2010 4 209 -

6717 1713 169 462 20 354 253 266 385 5 4 572 2308 118 88 -

6172 1514 20 523 13 30 397 449 1 295 48 592 1909 99 212 70

7363 1517 4 944 80 208 604 1 94 30 1367 2299 142 73 -

6264 1458 16 1024 19 27 579 1 106 4 1100 1905 25 -

1019 15 520 5 479

330 115 166 49

100 100 -

1641 143 529 62 2 2 903

219 214 1 4

38 37 1

491 355 2 134

729 70 298 361

200 200


2

-

-

-

2

-

1

-





IEA Europe 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

49632

42115

36004

29263

29051

30666

27401

27188

21525

9159 15 2528 1083 6 2594 1130 1 209 93 52 674 167 15 237 21 70 82 74 108 -

10559 27 2211 926 157 2672 2220 1 289 32 96 949 108 9 322 13 79 265 183 -

7240 1 14 1229 375 206 1026 2139 18 335 93 61 3 298 307 1 186 259 126 51 512 -

28330 1312 684 864 2382 1228 2413 14426 2 279 7 468 923 93 363 597 15 5 286 441 170 20 1351 1

27101 1503 334 1 749 1360 1686 2859 13809 274 257 6 562 4 52 125 399 37 284 299 150 706 25 40 1580 -

29860 1622 700 1 783 1410 1272 2606 16180 69 258 16 649 96 42 517 592 7 216 294 102 334 8 19 1999 68

26868 1201 865 19 719 1154 963 3116 12840 144 300 45 595 245 38 651 496 82 437 257 58 208 8 66 2314 47

27005 1316 502 42 946 745 567 2716 15709 133 264 81 516 155 30 612 422 17 144 206 110 302 17 1389 64

21085 1254 379 16 1372 747 276 1280 11526 104 143 75 503 806 39 268 228 9 228 169 114 298 3 1216 32

56 2 54

97 12 10 1 74

688 10 1 1 357 3 316

905 2 1 3 16 4 879

1770 1 1 370 1 2 1395

684 1 1 46 501 1 134

531 4 1 5 436 4 81

174 17 1 1 4 2 13 1 135

384 9 272 4 14 85


31459

28076

28

180

122

2

9

56





Australia* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


200

180

180

160

160

140

140

120

120

100

100

80

80 60

60

40

40

20

20 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


350

90

300

80 70

250 60 200

50

150

40 30

100

20 50

10

0 1971

300

1977



0 1971



1991 1996 2001 Other Transformation Other Use

2006


400

250

350 200

300 250

150

200 100

150 100

50 50 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Australia 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 82.31 100.59 125.25 Coal and Peat 32.26 39.03 49.97 Oil 38.77 44.12 46.64 Gas 4.83 10.66 21.12 Comb. Renew/Waste 5.04 5.16 5.66 Nuclear Hydro 1.40 1.59 1.74 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.03 0.12 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

157.93 68.79 52.23 27.53 7.19 2.06 0.12 -

172.49 75.97 54.12 32.92 7.38 1.91 0.20 -

174.96 76.78 55.37 33.47 7.12 1.93 0.29 -

183.19 79.78 57.15 35.19 8.56 2.07 0.43 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.50 2.61 1.09 9.07 0.68 1.27 -

2.11 2.72 1.08 2.92 1.44 0.65 5.99 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


174 210 281 400 470 0.47 0.48 0.45 0.40 0.37 Population (millions) 13.6 14.8 17.2 19.3 20.5 TPES/population(1) 6.05 6.79 7.29 8.20 8.42 TPES/GDP(2) 119.5 121.2 112.8 100.0 92.9 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 107.5 107.9 103.3 100.0 93.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 69.6 87.3 106.4 100.0 101.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 64 95 154 207 245 Industrial Production(2) .. 61.5 79.9 100.0 105.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

481 0.36 20.7 8.44 92.0 92.6 100.7 251 105.7

501 0.37 20.8 8.79 92.5 92.5 .. 259 107.5


3.42 -1.27 1.19 0.91 -1.27 -0.68 -0.34 3.09 1.76



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

38.64 21.76 9.64 -

41.03 23.19 10.90 -

62.86 74.13 14.61 -

101.56 112.65 20.95 -

125.76 141.47 21.33 -

121.71 144.43 21.52 -

137.99 148.77 22.95 -

4.14 10.76 3.52 -

4.22 4.26 2.45 -


4.07 10.06 3.49 -

4.18 3.97 2.45 -




Australia 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

57.34 7.05 35.46 3.39 4.99 6.45 -

68.00 5.99 39.62 7.63 5.00 0.03 9.73 -

82.85 6.12 43.50 12.60 4.65 0.12 15.87 -

102.83 5.88 53.04 16.36 6.20 0.12 21.22 -

106.81 4.74 53.40 18.24 5.92 0.09 24.42 -

111.28 4.96 55.76 19.32 5.78 0.09 25.37 -

111.04 4.99 55.77 18.93 5.51 0.08 25.76 -

2.19 -0.83 1.21 8.03 -0.42 5.45 -

1.85 -1.27 1.57 2.58 1.07 -2.08 3.07 -


21.81 6.62 7.96 2.25 2.13 2.85 -

25.12 5.68 7.69 5.05 2.71 3.99 -

27.44 5.82 4.13 8.11 2.12 7.27 -

33.96 5.68 5.07 10.23 3.51 9.46 -

34.88 4.52 4.37 11.38 3.64 10.98 -

36.69 4.68 4.87 12.10 3.69 11.34 -

37.30 4.75 5.37 11.97 3.67 11.54 -

1.36 -0.76 -3.79 7.83 -0.04 5.67 -

1.94 -1.26 1.65 2.46 3.50 2.93 -


19.27 0.03 19.16 -

25.19 0.01 25.08 0.00

32.23 0.10 31.89 0.01

40.10 0.13 39.25 0.43

41.66 0.09 40.80 0.48

42.92 0.13 41.96 0.50

42.14 0.11 41.10 0.54

3.07 7.63 3.04 -

1.69 0.56 1.60 25.56


0.08 7.21 0.27 1.13 0.67

0.11 8.63 0.09 1.12 1.58

0.22 10.70 0.02 0.54 2.76

0.29 12.94 0.00 e 0.50 3.66 e

0.28 13.87 0.01 0.50 4.03

0.02 0.31 14.34 0.01 0.50 4.21

0.06 0.32 14.05 0.01 0.44 4.12

6.13 2.35 -14.75 -4.23 8.73

2.33 1.72 -7.24 -1.26 2.53


2.86 2.29 1.61 0.13 0.16 0.22

2.26 0.03 3.56 3.43 0.22 0.72 0.55

2.53 0.12 4.74 4.97 0.18 0.37 1.07

2.67 0.12 5.99 7.20 0.06 e 0.45 1.55 e

2.27 0.08 6.99 8.15 0.12 0.71 1.36

2.05 0.08 7.49 8.30 0.14 0.72 1.40

1.76 0.08 7.64 8.36 0.12 0.84 1.35

-0.72 4.35 6.85 1.75 5.00 9.80

-2.24 -2.48 3.04 3.30 -2.54 5.33 1.47

0.01 5.13 6.32 5.84 0.49

0.01 0.01 5.94 5.21 4.22 0.99

0.01 0.01 6.02 5.83 4.73 1.10

0.01 0.01 6.03 5.92 4.98 0.94

6.79 2.63 2.35 5.54

3.73 0.29 -0.04 2.41


of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.10 1.90 3.35 Heat Non-Energy Use 3.63 4.12 5.65 Coal and Peat Oil 3.38 3.67 5.01 Gas 0.26 0.45 0.64 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



Australia 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000


57.5 -25.2 -0.0

75.1 -40.7 4.6

151.6 -96.1 -5.5

235.2 e -173.5 7.1

Primary Supply

32.3

39.0

50.0

-

0.0



2005

2006

2007e

288.6 -214.8 2.2

287.7 0.0 -214.3 3.4

309.7 -226.2 -3.7

5.9 8.2 x

4.1 5.1 x

68.8

76.0

76.8

79.8

2.6

2.7

0.1

-0.4

3.7

4.6

..

x

x


-25.2 e

-32.4 e

-43.5 e

-62.1 e

-74.3 e

-76.0 e

..

3.3

3.6


-19.7 -19.7 -

-28.8 -28.1 -0.7

-41.3 -40.4 -0.9

-60.0 e -59.4 e -0.7 e

-72.2 -72.2 -0.0

-74.3 -74.3 -0.0

.. .. ..

4.4 4.3 -

3.7 3.9 -20.7

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-5.4 e -0.2 -2.4 e -2.8 -

-3.6 e -0.2 -2.2 e -1.2 -

-2.2 e -0.1 -1.4 e -0.8 -

-2.1 e -0.0 e -1.5 e -0.5 -

-2.1 e -0.1 -1.1 e -0.8 -

-1.6 e -0.1 -1.0 e -0.5 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-5.1 -5.3 -3.3 -7.3 -

-1.9 4.5 -2.0 -2.6 -

Autoproducers Gas Works Coal Transformation

(2)


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.6

-0.5

-0.5

-0.4

-0.5

..

-

-0.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

7.1

6.0

6.1

5.9

5.0

5.0

..

-0.8

-1.3

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print

6.6 3.0 e 0.4 0.9 0.3

5.7 2.9 e 0.3 0.8 0.3

5.8 2.1 e 0.3 0.8 0.3

5.7 1.8 e 0.2 e 0.7 e 0.3

4.7 0.9 e 0.2 1.0 0.3

4.8 0.9 e 0.2 1.0 0.3

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.8 -2.1 -2.5 -0.7 -0.4

-1.3 -5.1 -3.0 1.5 -0.3

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

7.6

0.6

0.4 0.1 0.3

0.3 0.2 0.1

0.2 0.2 0.0

0.1 0.1 e 0.0 e

0.2 0.1 0.0

0.1 0.1 0.0

.. .. ..

-4.1 1.7 -14.7

-2.8 -2.5 -7.2

-

-

..

-

-

Distribution Losses (4)


Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)


Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

-

-




Australia 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

24.24 20.89 20.53 0.36 0.04 3.17 0.37 0.15 0.88 0.28 1.49 0.25 -

27.37 23.87 23.50 0.37 0.02 3.30 0.32 0.13 0.90 0.21 1.73 0.22 -

43.37 38.20 37.75 0.45 4.85 0.34 0.13 0.97 0.35 3.06 0.15 -

56.03 51.10 50.91 0.19 4.69 0.10 0.09 0.79 0.33 3.39 0.04 -

59.78 55.12 55.12 4.46 0.10 0.09 1.04 0.33 2.90 0.05 -

67.56 62.62 62.62 4.69 0.10 0.09 1.17 0.41 2.92 0.05 -

69.01 63.98 63.98 4.81 0.12 0.09 1.19 0.46 2.96 0.04 -

4.97 5.16 5.21 1.82 3.59 -0.73 -1.34 0.83 1.89 6.15 -3.93 -

2.95 3.28 3.35 -0.04 -6.28 -2.67 1.25 1.80 -0.20 -8.53 -

7.22 7.22 -

7.05 7.05 -

5.93 5.93 -

4.80 4.80 -

5.13 5.13 -

5.35 5.35 -

4.68 4.68 -

-1.62 -1.62 -

-1.47 -1.47 -

30.47 32.89 45.99 27.32 29.23 44.14 26.32 28.00 43.07 0.99 1.23 1.07 2.85 3.35 1.78 0.31 0.31 0.07 0.03 0.00 0.26 0.27 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.00 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

67.29 66.34 65.25 1.09 0.96 -

66.34 65.89 65.89 0.46 0.00 0.00 -

67.15 66.29 66.29 0.86 0.00 0.00 -

67.74 67.09 67.09 0.65 0.00 0.00 -

3.49 4.08 4.19 0.62 -3.84 -11.23 0.96 -

2.45 2.65 2.81 -6.12 -20.13 -





Australia 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


10.82 67.00 ..

14.48 144.87 ..

29.05 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. 29.67 67.00 .. 34.32

.. 29.57 144.87 .. 56.81

.. .. .. .. 95.76

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..


(Australian Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

8.91 80.22 ..

11.97 174.24 ..

35.11 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal 25.19 25.22 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 80.22 174.24 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 38.52 64.06 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. .. .. 157.84

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

.. .. -

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.04 0.04

-

Total Exports 25.21 40.70 96.09 173.51 193.58 202.44 214.77 Hard Coal 25.21 40.58 95.56 173.49 193.35 202.21 214.77 Coking Coal .. 34.70 55.94 97.09 104.82 108.65 121.47 Steam Coal .. 5.88 39.62 76.39 88.53 93.56 93.30 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.12 0.52 0.02 0.23 0.23 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

214.33 214.33 117.16 97.18 -

226.23 226.23 128.36 97.86 -





Australia 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

31029

33487

58127

99845

107794

111732

124914

120477

132000

29145 374 1173 191 1319 22640 1330 10 992 593 469 54

31847 175 903 48 1164 25579 2266 329 698 685 -

44179 1054 1978 25 1181 28786 5053 713 694 702 912 3081 -

73879 1865 3780 2619 2984 39262 10358 666 2194 2220 992 1451 5488 -

70428 1134 414 4421 1455 1628 41316 7442 497 3385 2492 995 1161 4088 -

74633 1255 324 4105 1576 1930 41382 10138 451 4670 2676 1207 682 4063 174

83150 1881 392 3895 1746 14 2527 44962 12457 588 5652 2470 1226 720 4451 169

78673 1994 377 3329 1843 2260 44222 7704 1513 7009 2139 1170 1098 3925 90

86198 2185 413 3647 2019 2476 48452 8441 1658 7679 2344 1282 1203 4300 99

1884 164 981 32 675 32 -

1634 837 157 227 267 60 86 -

13948 1291 2798 323 4844 2256 454 500 1294 188

25756 4988 6273 10588 1554 1058 1225 70

28283 4464 3824 245 14108 161 202 2333 1196 1287 463

30927 3847 5311 13582 190 2354 1038 3996 609

37634 3094 7091 353 17442 129 46 2807 1339 4930 403

32960 3173 7717 225 16392 194 71 499 1229 3239 221

36114 3476 8455 247 17960 213 78 547 1347 3549 242


6

-

210

9083

6172

4130

8844

9688





Australia 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

5522

8897

45269

87117

100955

106694

106397

110819

111600

4809 150 682 458 1489 320 932 778

6834 103 304 525 686 3581 11 353 1211 60

37279 129 1149 873 125 133 26362 3524 4236 205 155 29 328 31

65890 396 142 393 72 110 284 358 47361 11452 2550 16 992 83 55 1499 127

78728 170 413 65 475 747 767 52636 14197 3264 1872 118 831 1426 47 71 1277 352

85404 3 785 579 258 977 509 58777 16221 2287 1590 106 248 912 119 48 1879 106

83114 17 469 115 568 141 57277 17947 4238 725 56 291 164 45 993 68

86763 278 741 59326 20239 4762 301 82 500 69 425 40

87375 280 746 59744 20382 4796 303 83 504 69 428 40

193 76 117 -

1159 991 49 119 -

7990 158 3046 2443 47 528 33 120 1615 -

21227 10034 419 2469 2623 1373 4309 -

22227 50 10817 735 1543 1295 708 7079 -

21256 9894 1202 1744 1716 1218 5351 131

23283 33 14329 374 1212 1165 412 5758 -

23866 55 13205 77 1225 320 8158 826

24035 55 13298 78 1234 322 8216 832


904

-

-

-

34

-

190

190





Australia 13. COAL EXPORT VALUES BY DESTINATION* (Average Unit Value, FOB, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

40.27

47.72

44.23

40.16

39.75

48.84

88.94

98.27

84.16

41.53 x x x 36.78 x x x 36.30 40.02 39.43 x x 38.17 38.41 x 39.17 36.89 x x

51.66 x x x 47.00 46.30 x x 46.76 46.98 50.32 x x 48.27 50.15 x 50.25 47.25 x x

44.65 x x x 43.07 43.41 x x 42.06 43.37 44.75 x 49.00 48.65 48.95 x 44.26 45.13 x x

40.97 x x 49.53 41.41 45.07 x x 45.90 36.79 46.17 x x 43.44 47.14 x 45.14 45.34 x x

40.12 x x 44.79 39.06 44.75 x x 45.51 36.18 45.45 x x 42.51 47.84 x 45.07 43.34 x x

52.40 x x 53.57 46.79 52.50 x 32.97 51.40 45.51 52.07 x x 51.15 55.50 x 52.53 53.67 x x

104.61 x x 125.25 96.94 99.12 x x 102.14 83.74 98.18 x x 98.95 117.03 x 108.84 100.80 x x

102.26 x x 114.87 100.91 117.71 x x 116.96 94.04 102.32 x x 111.44 114.40 x 92.04 104.06 x x

89.48 x x 104.79 89.99 102.27 66.59 x 99.64 79.50 92.15 x x 95.80 96.65 x 77.14 91.38 x x

30.77 38.34 34.99 28.01 25.41 37.65 48.86 Exports to: Belgium 29.60 38.42 33.43 22.03 21.12 63.04 x Canada x x x x x x x Denmark 24.14 32.29 24.73 21.50 23.76 22.50 44.09 Finland 42.19 x x 21.45 x x x France 24.80 33.82 32.97 22.62 24.05 29.77 45.88 Germany 28.03 37.74 29.61 34.99 28.01 51.32 6.13 Greece 29.09 x x x x x x Ireland x x 34.14 22.33 24.86 28.34 29.92 Italy x x 37.75 25.26 24.77 31.26 x Japan 32.93 40.03 36.85 29.20 26.00 38.45 49.42 Netherlands 27.20 36.31 33.03 24.65 26.69 42.90 60.71 Norway x x x x x x x Portugal x x 31.12 27.90 25.14 x x Spain 27.23 32.00 x 24.35 25.33 26.26 42.82 Sweden 28.09 x 37.85 37.96 35.16 42.91 67.75 Switzerland x x x 18.15 x x x Turkey x x x x 36.49 36.39 x United Kingdom 34.46 35.45 x 25.12 24.05 35.39 54.27 Other OECD x x x x x x x Non-OECD x x x x x x x Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high export costs.

47.05

51.11

67.08 x 55.39 x 46.28 42.03 x x x 50.59 50.50 x x 51.11 66.81 x x 46.30 x x

x x x x 44.93 x x 75.25 x 54.61 49.60 x x 71.08 60.32 x x x x x

Coking Coal

(1)

Exports to: Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Other OECD Non-OECD Steam Coal(1)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



Austria* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


60

120

50

100

40

80

30

60

20

40

10

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

0 1971

2007e


6

6

5

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

70



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

7

0 1971

1977

1995 2001 Coal Supply Imports

2007e

0 1971


60

70

50

60



2006


50

40

40 30 30 20

20

10 0 1971

10

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Austria 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 30.83 33.26 Coal and Peat 5.53 5.22 Oil 17.44 17.44 Gas 4.72 5.94 Comb. Renew/Waste 1.02 1.62 Nuclear Hydro 2.30 3.53 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.19 -0.49 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

35.79 5.85 15.16 7.40 3.53 3.87 0.01 0.02 -0.06 -

41.49 5.14 17.45 9.31 4.48 5.14 0.03 0.10 -0.17 -

48.63 5.74 20.59 11.68 5.54 4.41 0.05 0.30 0.33 0.01

48.90 5.75 20.54 10.65 6.41 4.29 0.05 0.36 0.84 0.01

47.48 5.80 19.49 10.36 6.40 4.17 0.05 0.40 0.81 0.01

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.88 0.34 -0.82 2.68 7.56 3.10 -6.89 -

1.97 -0.11 1.92 2.30 3.80 0.64 15.21 19.27 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


99 120 151 194 208 0.31 0.28 0.24 0.21 0.23 Population (millions) 7.6 7.5 7.7 8.0 8.2 TPES/population(1) 4.06 4.41 4.66 5.18 5.91 TPES/GDP(2) 145.5 129.1 111.0 100.0 109.1 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 210.7 163.5 146.5 100.0 104.0 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 94.8 101.8 105.3 100.0 101.4 Elec. Generation (TWh) 31 42 49 60 63 Industrial Production(2) 42.9 52.6 69.0 100.0 117.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

215 0.23 8.3 5.90 106.1 100.8 101.1 61 126.2

223 0.21 8.3 5.75 99.7 98.4 .. 61 132.4


2.25 -0.28 0.47 1.49 -0.28 -2.31 -0.25 1.31 3.85



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

1.35 -

1.20 -

0.91 0.00

0.42 0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

-3.25 -

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal 3.08 2.87 2.45 1.25 Peat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-1.88 -

-




Austria 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

23.87 2.84 14.36 2.58 0.99 3.11 -

26.82 2.77 14.12 4.09 1.51 4.06 0.27

28.63 1.82 13.19 4.36 3.11 0.01 0.02 5.25 0.87

34.65 1.20 15.81 6.12 3.55 0.01 0.09 6.42 1.46

38.92 0.94 18.73 6.70 3.75 0.01 0.12 6.86 1.80

39.87 0.84 19.06 7.03 3.92 0.01 0.13 6.99 1.89

39.96 0.89 18.75 6.54 4.34 0.01 0.14 7.21 2.09

1.08 -2.59 -0.50 3.14 6.99 3.14 -

2.11 -4.37 2.22 2.56 2.11 3.43 12.70 1.99 5.59


7.46 1.06 3.19 1.68 0.05 1.49 -

7.04 1.30 1.42 2.27 0.30 1.74 -

7.73 0.82 1.38 2.33 0.87 2.21 0.11

9.52 0.84 1.66 3.07 1.20 2.56 0.18

10.29 0.72 2.11 3.14 1.22 2.87 0.23

10.46 0.62 2.15 3.30 1.20 2.95 0.24

10.76 0.67 2.10 3.26 1.41 3.06 0.26

0.21 -1.45 -4.80 1.96 18.45 2.35 -

2.09 -1.31 2.65 2.12 3.09 2.06 5.44


5.67 0.16 5.27 0.03

6.02 0.02 5.67 0.05

6.86 0.00 6.38 0.14

9.22 0.00 8.45 0.32

11.32 10.64 0.27

11.78 10.99 0.33

11.45 10.43 0.28

1.12 -21.12 1.13 9.94

3.25 3.12 4.47


0.00 0.22 8.17 1.54 4.33 0.62

0.00 0.28 7.28 1.29 3.11 0.59

0.00 0.34 8.33 0.92 2.44 1.11

0.01 0.43 8.64 0.30 2.29 1.66

0.02 0.40 9.09 0.18 2.27 1.89

0.06 0.40 9.58 0.19 2.41 2.06

0.35 0.40 9.55 0.18 2.27 1.85

-2.02 2.73 0.11 -2.97 -3.33 3.51

36.07 0.99 0.86 -9.87 -0.45 3.23


0.93 0.75 0.71 0.06 0.02 0.07

1.21 1.08 2.62 0.15 1.20 0.43

1.98 0.01 1.46 0.40 2.49 0.03 0.60 0.27

2.04 0.05 1.76 0.54 3.89 0.04 0.76 0.70

2.12 0.07 1.84 0.72 4.60 0.02 0.88 1.04

2.23 0.08 1.87 0.75 4.60 0.02 0.89 0.95

2.18 0.09 2.02 0.98 4.48 0.02 1.07 0.74

4.53 4.03 7.67 -4.11 22.49 8.32

0.60 13.32 2.04 5.66 3.75 -1.63 3.67 6.62

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.11 Geothermal 0.01 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Electricity 0.56 0.83 1.12 Heat 0.35 Non-Energy Use 1.76 2.30 2.39 Coal and Peat 0.00 0.00 0.01 Oil 1.56 1.56 1.87 Gas 0.19 0.73 0.50 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.10 0.01 0.04 1.52 0.73 2.58 0.01 2.21 0.35

0.17 0.01 0.05 1.60 0.83 2.78 0.02 2.41 0.35

0.18 0.01 0.05 1.62 0.89 2.59 0.02 2.21 0.36

0.17 0.01 0.05 1.58 0.84 2.89 0.02 2.48 0.39

4.15 1.83 12.38 1.07 5.85

2.74 3.43 11.81 2.20 5.56 1.20 1.31 1.78 -1.60


of which:



Austria 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


1.5 4.4 -0.1 -0.2

1.2 4.0 -0.0 0.0

0.9 4.5 -0.0 0.4

0.4 4.4 -0.1 0.4

0.0 5.7 -0.0 0.1

0.0 5.4 -0.1 0.4

0.0 5.9 -0.0 -0.1

-2.7 0.2 -17.0 x

-39.4 1.1 18.5 x

Primary Supply

5.5

5.2

5.9

5.1

5.7

5.7

5.8

0.3

-0.1


0.0

0.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x


-2.4 e

-2.3 e

-3.4 e

-3.2 e

-4.0 e

-4.0 e

..

2.1

1.1


-1.2 -1.0 -0.2

-1.2 -1.0 -0.2

-2.4 -2.1 -0.3

-2.0 -1.6 -0.4

-2.6 -2.1 -0.5

-2.6 -2.1 -0.5

.. .. ..

4.0 4.2 3.3

0.4 -0.1 2.7

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.1 e 0.1 -1.0 e -0.1 -

-1.0 e -0.9 e -0.1 -

-0.9 e -0.8 e -0.1 -

-1.1 e -1.0 e -0.1 -

-1.4 e -1.3 e -0.1 -

-1.4 e -1.3 e -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.6 -1.5 3.0 -

2.6 3.1 -1.0 -


(2)


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2

-0.1

-0.7

-0.7

-0.8

-0.8

..

6.1

1.0

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

-0.0

-0.1

..

x

x

2.8

2.8

1.8

1.2

0.8

0.9

..

-2.6

-4.4


1.1 0.7 e 0.0 0.1 0.0

1.3 1.1 e 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.8 0.5 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

0.8 0.4 e 0.1 0.2 0.1

0.6 0.3 e 0.0 0.1 0.1

0.7 0.3 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.5 -2.5 -1.3 7.5 4.4

-1.3 -3.0 2.1 -0.2 2.7

Transport sector(6)

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

..

-21.1

-

1.6 0.1 1.5

1.4 0.2 1.3

1.0 0.0 0.9

0.3 0.0 0.3

0.2 0.0 0.2

0.2 0.0 0.2

.. .. ..

-2.9 -4.1 -3.0

-9.4 -1.6 -9.9


0.0

0.0

0.0

..

12.4

1.3



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Austria 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


0.37 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.32 -

0.50 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.41 0.00

1.82 1.42 1.37 0.05 0.21 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.19 0.00

1.85 1.42 1.36 0.06 0.31 0.06 0.17 0.09 0.08 0.00

2.43 2.15 2.10 0.05 0.22 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.00

2.14 1.89 1.84 0.04 0.21 0.04 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.00

2.34 2.00 1.94 0.06 0.29 0.00 0.03 0.14 0.12 0.00 0.04 0.00

14.21 83.11 82.59 15.22 21.10 -4.28 -

1.57 2.16 2.20 1.08 2.14 9.29 -2.35 29.30 -8.78 -4.24

2.01 2.01 -

2.37 2.37 -

2.34 2.34 -

1.88 1.88 -

1.90 1.90 -

1.90 1.90 -

1.89 1.89 -

1.28 1.28 -

-1.31 -1.31 -

2.99 3.27 2.50 2.03 2.42 2.13 1.99 2.34 2.08 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.03 0.21 0.16 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.12 0.13 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.63 0.68 0.22 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.38 1.23 1.19 0.04 0.10 0.04 0.07 0.05 -

1.19 1.04 1.01 0.03 0.14 0.07 0.08 0.01 -

1.27 1.14 1.12 0.02 0.13 0.07 0.06 0.01 -

0.75 0.66 0.66 0.00 0.09 0.08 0.00 0.01 -

-1.47 0.43 0.37 2.75 -2.72 2.69 -1.05 -15.69 -8.51 -

-7.23 -7.09 -6.95 -22.07 -3.20 13.55 -19.67 -19.32 -





Austria 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


173.19 69.15 74.24

176.96 120.07 164.82

80.98 92.64 115.57

56.94 51.28 ..

68.29 106.76 ..

86.09 111.81 ..

92.70 132.84 ..

98.23 164.85 ..

109.24 164.43 ..

90.20 .. 74.62 .. 73.76

119.83 .. 131.06 .. 118.88

78.84 .. 87.74 .. 121.26

54.73 .. .. 128.14 ..

87.64 .. .. 163.73 ..

171.25 .. .. 193.84 ..

178.69 .. .. 258.08 ..

181.33 .. .. 305.62 ..

200.36 .. .. 346.28 ..


(Euro / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

172.67 100.14 100.80

157.05 154.79 199.20

63.15 104.94 122.74

58.33 76.31 ..

57.06 129.58 ..

65.43 123.44 ..

70.45 146.66 ..

73.92 180.19 ..

75.29 164.61 ..

Steam Coal 93.75 110.87 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 108.06 168.96 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 100.14 143.67 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

64.10 .. 99.39 .. 128.78

58.45 .. .. 190.67 ..

76.34 .. .. 198.72 ..

135.69 .. .. 214.00 ..

141.58 .. .. 284.92 ..

142.25 .. .. 334.05 ..

143.96 .. .. 346.68 ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

4.38 2.87 .. .. 0.20 1.31

4.01 2.71 2.23 0.48 0.12 1.18

4.54 3.53 2.36 1.18 0.01 0.99

4.38 3.32 1.72 1.60 0.03 1.03

5.07 3.81 1.84 1.97 0.05 1.20

5.69 4.35 1.77 2.57 0.06 1.28

5.71 4.22 2.05 2.17 0.06 1.42

5.40 4.02 1.79 2.23 0.08 1.31

5.89 4.39 1.88 2.51 0.04 1.46

Total Exports 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.02 Hard Coal 0.02 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.02 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.01 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.05 0.05

0.02 0.00 0.02





Austria 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

2307

2878

3609

3410

3959

4448

4325

4118

4489


2006 662 205 470 -

2371 808 73 567 189 -

2376 746 566 456 -

1738 1187 551 -

1858 3 1202 652 1 -

1789 8 1086 615 -

2063 992 9 519 501 -

1806 910 604 292 -

1900 945 955 -

669 -

734 -

608 -

-

-

80 -

31 11 -

-

-

301 8 260 -

507 10 411 -

1233 29 1189 9

1672 307 6 1359 -

2101 560 2 1537 -

2659 1074 3 1572 -

2262 922 8 1316 1

2312 905 19 1314 14 4

2589 44 851 20 1108 308 6

33 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

48 38

6 -

-

1 1 -

4 5 1

10 5 -

53 1 2

1 1 149 100 1





Austria 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

..

..

214.20

53.84

71.17

98.33

85.39

206.11

..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 53.93 25.87 .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 98.50 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 242.07 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 206.11 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 66.80 56.96 66.78 85.27 116.18 Imports from: Australia .. .. .. 62.37 .. 9110.53 .. Canada .. .. .. .. 67.46 .. 406.70 Czech Republic .. .. 63.72 56.29 70.46 90.16 129.52 Poland .. .. 73.62 57.13 63.38 81.75 100.29 United States .. .. .. 84.11 .. 1198.19 155.09 China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. South Africa .. .. .. 29.21 .. .. 133.90 Former USSR(2) .. .. .. .. 93.29 128.71 70.33 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

106.63

114.81

.. 401.61 115.10 95.32 141.99 291.30 .. .. 84.00

135.44 .. 116.79 106.74 159.43 472.80 .. 117.62 118.57

Coking Coal

(1)





Belgium* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


100

140

90

120

80 70

100

60

80

50 60

40

40

30 20

20

10 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


18

16

16

14

14

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

100



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

20

0 1971

1977


0 1971




2006


90 120

80

100

70 60

80

50 40

60

30

40

20 20

10 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Belgium 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 66.45 67.40 Coal and Peat 15.97 16.28 Oil 40.30 33.93 Gas 10.20 12.73 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.01 0.08 Nuclear 0.03 4.67 Hydro 0.02 0.03 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.09 -0.32 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

71.03 15.10 26.95 11.67 1.84 15.91 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.46 -

88.42 11.25 35.33 19.09 4.22 17.93 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.53 -

88.16 7.17 36.50 21.05 4.77 17.72 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.77 0.10

87.13 6.83 34.93 21.42 5.16 17.37 0.04 0.00 0.05 e 1.25 0.10

84.27 6.01 32.81 21.22 5.21 17.97 0.05 0.00 0.07 0.83 0.10

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.39 -0.33 -2.34 0.79 34.23 45.13 2.63 9.84 -

1.29 -4.84 1.63 3.87 6.67 0.55 1.89 3.36 22.07 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

258 0.34 10.5 8.26 88.5 54.5 95.7 84 109.2

265 0.32 10.5 8.00 83.3 46.7 .. 88 112.0


2.02 -0.72 0.35 0.93 -0.72 -6.72 0.21 1.15 1.51


3. COAL AND PEAT PRODUCTION BY TYPE*



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

3.81 3.19 -

4.04 2.69 -

1.69 -

0.29 -

0.08 -

0.02 -

-

-5.18 -

-23.81 -

-

-5.92 -

-24.03 -

Mt: Coking Coal 3.81 4.04 Steam Coal 4.90 3.98 2.36 0.38 0.11 0.03 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


Belgium 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)



1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

48.94 8.15 29.55 6.58 4.20 0.46

46.72 6.05 24.67 10.11 5.33 0.56

47.87 5.05 24.34 9.74 1.30 0.00 0.00 7.12 0.31

63.96 3.68 32.03 14.52 3.50 0.00 0.00 9.53 0.70

64.15 2.03 32.56 15.44 3.47 0.00 0.00 9.90 0.74

63.65 1.70 33.06 14.85 3.57 0.00 0.00 9.85 0.61

62.22 1.49 30.86 15.41 3.63 0.00 0.00 10.15 0.68

-0.13 -2.78 -1.13 2.34 3.15 -2.17

1.65 -7.34 1.49 2.91 6.65 3.45 8.95 2.24 4.91

19.41 5.06 7.46 3.68 2.75 0.46

16.00 4.57 3.65 4.33 2.94 0.51

15.77 4.30 2.31 4.12 1.03 3.75 0.27

21.06 3.40 2.29 6.58 3.28 4.90 0.61

18.38 1.79 1.54 6.32 3.20 4.96 0.57

17.40 1.52 1.51 5.71 3.28 4.84 0.53

18.15 1.31 1.44 6.57 3.32 4.94 0.57

-1.21 -0.95 -6.67 0.67 1.83 -3.08

0.88 -7.17 -2.90 2.96 7.58 1.74 4.83

7.06 0.02 6.94 -

8.31 0.00 8.19 -

11.04 10.89 -

13.80 13.62 -

14.64 14.45 -

14.18 13.97 -

13.74 13.54 -

2.67 2.68 -

1.37 1.37 -

0.10 15.78 3.07 10.21 1.56

0.12 13.70 1.47 7.00 3.58

0.15 11.82 0.75 4.98 3.55

0.18 13.53 0.28 5.39 4.70

0.19 14.31 0.19 5.19 5.38

0.21 14.17 0.18 5.17 5.32

0.20 12.73 0.18 4.50 4.94

2.53 -1.68 -7.99 -4.14 4.95

1.59 0.46 -8.48 -0.63 2.09

0.93 1.52 0.59 0.51

1.61 0.02 4.25 2.23 1.34

0.26 2.26 0.03 4.11 1.65 1.48

0.22 0.00 0.00 2.92 0.02 e 4.92 1.19 2.21

0.27 0.00 0.00 3.26 0.02 5.80 1.78 2.52

0.27 0.00 0.00 3.20 0.02 5.93 1.81 2.53

0.30 0.00 0.00 2.79 0.02 6.16 1.56 2.41

5.34 6.02 6.20 6.42

0.77 1.32 -1.64 2.57 -0.35 3.11

0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.02 9.62 8.59 1.03

0.01 0.00 0.00 1.47 0.02 9.93 8.71 1.22

0.01 0.00 0.00 1.56 0.02 10.73 9.47 1.26

0.01 0.00 0.00 2.11 0.07 10.20 8.92 1.28

5.08 -0.13 0.20 -1.87

5.05 7.72 5.37 5.45 4.87

of which: Total Industry Coal and Peat Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Total Transport Coal and Peat Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal and Peat Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal and Peat Oil Gas

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.41 0.65 0.96 Heat 0.03 0.02 Non-Energy Use 4.52 3.73 4.42 Coal and Peat Oil 3.69 2.87 3.82 Gas 0.83 0.86 0.60 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



Belgium 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


9.2 7.6 -1.1 0.3

6.7 11.5 -1.2 -0.7

1.7 15.3 -1.6 -0.3

0.3 11.8 -1.6 0.7

0.1 8.4 -1.1 -0.2

0.0 7.7 -1.1 0.3

7.4 -1.3 -0.2

-9.5 4.2 2.2 x

-23.8 -4.2 -2.2 x

Primary Supply

16.0

16.3

15.1

11.3

7.2

6.8

6.0

-0.3

-4.8

1.5

-0.4

-0.0

-0.5

0.1

0.2

..

x

x

Statistical Difference Total Transformation

-8.2 e

-9.1 e

-9.4 e

-6.7 e

-5.2 e

-5.2 e

..

0.8

-3.6


-3.9 -3.9 -

-5.5 -4.8 -0.7

-6.5 -6.0 -0.5

-4.7 -4.5 -0.2

-3.5 -3.3 -0.2

-3.2 -2.9 -0.3

.. .. ..

3.0 2.5 -

-4.4 -4.5 -3.6

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-3.6 e -2.9 e -0.8 0.0

-2.9 e -2.3 e -0.5 0.0

-2.0 e -2.0 e -0.0 0.0

-1.7 e -1.7 e -0.0 0.0

-2.1 e -1.8 e -0.3 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.3 -2.7 -0.6 -34.9

-2.0 -1.7 -3.9 16.0


Coal Transformation


-4.3 e -3.8 e -0.6 0.1 -

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.1

-0.8

-0.7

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

..

-2.6

-5.7

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

8.2

6.0

5.1

3.7

1.7

1.5

..

-2.8

-7.3


5.1 3.5 e 0.1 1.0 -

4.6 2.9 e 0.1 1.5 0.0

4.3 2.9 e 0.2 0.8 0.0

3.4 2.8 e 0.0 0.4 0.0

1.5 1.2 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

1.3 0.9 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.0 -1.1 2.2 -1.0 -

-7.2 -6.9 -17.7 -8.3 -3.6

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

3.1 3.1

1.5 1.5

0.7 0.7

0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

.. .. ..

-8.0 -8.0

-8.5 -8.5

-

-

-

-

..

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Belgium 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


8.76 4.44 4.18 0.26 0.12 0.03 2.66 0.17 0.03 2.44 0.02 1.63 -

8.99 5.49 5.17 0.32 0.07 2.15 0.08 0.03 2.02 0.02 1.33 -

9.00 6.64 6.34 0.30 0.00 0.41 1.37 0.10 0.14 0.87 0.05 0.22 0.70 -

7.00 4.37 4.31 0.07 0.01 0.98 0.98 0.48 0.36 0.04 0.10 0.30 -

4.76 2.97 2.93 0.04 0.01 0.59 0.35 0.05 0.01 0.17 0.06 0.07 0.20 -

4.29 3.05 2.98 0.06 0.01 0.48 0.36 0.12 0.01 0.12 0.04 0.08 0.19 -

3.43 2.61 2.54 0.07 0.01 0.47 0.28 0.05 0.01 0.13 0.03 0.07 0.18 -

0.22 3.41 3.53 1.22 -32.76 -5.39 -4.36 13.74 -8.25 20.19 -6.77 -

-5.85 -5.67 -5.56 -8.62 10.58 0.78 -9.37 -4.81 -18.65 -11.01 -2.77 -6.94 -8.08 -

7.52 0.20 0.18 0.02 7.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 -

8.01 7.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 -

7.16 7.16 -

4.05 3.86 -

3.63 3.65 -

3.26 3.37 -

3.75 3.66 0.00 0.00 -

-0.42 -0.03 -

-3.95 -4.10 -

0.10 0.28 0.10 0.28 0.10 0.28 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.22 0.22 0.22 -

0.19 0.19 0.01 0.18 -

0.21 0.21 0.01 0.20 -

0.29 0.29 0.00 0.29 -

-

0.31 0.31 0.29 -





Belgium 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


53.08 66.67 65.42

62.51 128.76 123.12

59.60 91.13 96.10

42.95 129.79 c

47.13 x c

95.02 x c

105.36 x c

82.93 x c

99.07 x c

29.62 63.67 66.67 .. 71.79

42.87 66.51 128.76 .. 117.89

55.41 61.72 91.13 102.02 112.22

.. 47.21 129.79 117.76 c

.. .. x 156.32 c

.. .. x 154.04 c

.. .. x 220.57 c

.. .. x 251.62 c

.. .. x 289.79 c



31.61 72.53 65.69

34.56 130.02 114.77

37.68 105.23 102.43

35.54 196.15 c

31.81 x c

58.33 x c

64.68 x c

50.40 x c

55.15 x c

Steam Coal 18.34 24.64 Coking Coal 49.73 48.22 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 72.53 130.02 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 72.09 109.89 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

36.42 51.17 105.23 117.80 119.61

.. 51.22 196.15 177.97 c

.. .. x 192.69 c

.. .. x 172.72 c

.. .. x 247.31 c

.. .. x 279.32 c

.. .. x 294.66 c

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

7.60 6.36 .. .. 1.24

11.49 10.13 4.17 5.96 0.03 1.33

15.33 14.37 7.13 7.24 0.08 0.88

11.84 10.66 3.82 6.84 0.06 1.12

9.14 8.87 3.22 5.65 0.05 0.22

9.53 9.20 3.58 5.62 0.05 0.28

8.37 8.14 3.53 4.61 0.06 0.17

7.67 7.49 3.49 4.00 0.08 0.10

7.44 7.21 3.48 3.73 0.09 0.14

Total Exports 1.10 1.23 1.60 1.59 0.94 1.23 1.10 Hard Coal 0.60 0.47 0.68 1.28 0.83 1.14 1.06 Coking Coal .. 0.18 0.09 0.01 0.03 Steam Coal .. 0.30 0.68 1.20 0.82 1.14 1.03 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.50 0.76 0.92 0.30 0.12 0.09 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.12 0.93 0.01 0.92 0.19

1.28 1.14 0.01 1.13 0.14





Belgium 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

7007

10139

14761

11347

9390

9790

8804

8056

7740


3490 209 148 59 1751 392 22 833 15

4168 206 25 783 422 2719 13

7132 1015 236 690 105 32 4897 -

3818 1109 678 74 1898 -

3220 1436 377 8 1352 -

3577 1800 404 89 49 1157 -

3533 2003 227 1303 -

3490 1647 351 23 1468 -

3483 1775 110 1349 18

15 46 -

-

157 -

59 -

16 13 9 9

78 -

-

1

12 111 79 29

3517 26 2316 105 129 72

5971 51 14 1563 162 217 1436 239

7629 388 66 721 242 67 981 60

7529 2354 12 118 225 76 309 48

6170 903 60 53 79 383 46

6213 823 91 297 51 502 41

5271 947 43 155 436 62 411 29

4566 490 88 299 38 367 45

4257 594 31 19 261 106

606 233 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 30 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

2050 216 23

292 170 6 4365 234 1 36

167 431 11 3028 705 19 3 23 -

75 12 3594 906 9 35 15

36 64 3016 1263 4 25 -

58 5 2081 944 98 2

27 4 2260 786 143 19 -

92 283 113 1520 1018 89 40 84 7





Belgium 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

122

305

724

1340

954

1314

1199

1069

1297

122 61 1 21 1 13 6 18 1 -

291 55 162 5 2 22 15 13 13 4 -

724 1 360 67 5 61 179 4 43 4 -

1340 2 609 495 7 40 136 6 15 15 15 -

953 326 498 4 47 31 11 15 20 1 -

1313 418 518 3 42 318 4 8 2 -

1199 377 334 2 37 423 17 7 2 -

1068 270 365 23 389 2 1 15 3 -

1296 1 386 719 14 140 5 9 1 21 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


14

-

-

1

1

-

1

1





Belgium 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

57.09

63.93

57.74

46.59

49.25

78.98

108.68

126.85

120.51

53.70 .. .. 46.04 56.70 .. .. .. ..

63.54 63.80 254.00 60.08 62.61 .. .. 54.18 ..

58.30 56.91 .. 57.96 58.28 63.59 .. 49.03 ..

48.38 51.99 .. 34.51 51.61 59.74 .. 32.38 47.63

53.92 64.65 .. .. 53.59 .. .. 35.41 ..

75.15 73.50 .. 105.22 69.24 309.94 .. 49.63 132.29

125.12 148.24 .. 133.14 96.51 285.09 .. 67.23 75.13

150.51 153.27 .. 131.24 101.04 229.39 .. 59.63 67.34

135.93 136.78 .. .. 104.33 163.87 .. 78.76 91.44

41.23 45.57 47.94 39.34 39.76 66.29 70.83 Imports from: Australia 39.75 50.57 45.93 53.13 .. 75.32 97.75 Canada 69.05 57.14 66.64 .. .. .. 102.49 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 66.44 48.40 46.66 35.68 33.70 69.33 63.56 United States 47.55 51.01 49.77 60.49 55.26 73.93 .. China 44.97 48.49 45.65 80.34 56.59 72.40 .. Colombia 39.77 51.92 53.17 39.27 49.82 62.64 73.98 South Africa 38.92 44.88 43.64 37.06 36.54 64.17 68.15 Former USSR(2) .. 44.83 43.65 34.31 37.70 71.06 67.19 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

70.95

82.81

100.18 .. .. 57.55 66.92 .. 68.14 66.67 63.23

90.32 72.46 .. 158.69 90.95 653.12 84.14 80.05 82.65

Coking Coal

(1)





Canada* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


450

160

400

140

350

120

300

100

250

80

200 60 150 40

100

20

50 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


70

50 45

60

40 50

35

40

30 25

30

20 15

20

10 10

5

0 1971

700

1977



0 1971


600



2006


500

500 400 400 300 300 200

200

100

100 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Canada 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 228.36 275.79 299.30 Coal and Peat 21.80 30.32 34.68 Oil 114.14 127.11 110.61 Gas 53.25 65.07 78.18 Comb. Renew/Waste 11.16 10.92 11.70 Nuclear 5.82 14.86 27.71 Hydro 23.91 30.86 36.46 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) -1.72 -3.35 -0.04 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000 360.14 45.23 125.52 106.05 16.53 27.10 44.05 0.04 e -4.38 -

2005

2006

2007e


390.94 42.91 139.29 115.14 17.40 34.27 44.67 0.19 -2.93 -

385.35 39.33 136.20 113.52 18.20 36.47 43.66 0.31 -2.35 -

389.08 41.54 139.57 112.69 18.41 34.99 45.33 0.31 -3.77 -

1.60 2.77 -0.18 2.28 0.28 9.62 2.51 -19.53 -

2006

2007e


845 0.46 32.6 11.81 91.8 74.6 88.9 612 100.9

867 0.45 32.8 11.85 90.3 76.8 .. 631 101.0

1.59 0.79 1.31 2.36 2.80 1.73 1.13 33.20 28.43 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



3.07 -1.42 1.23 0.37 -1.42 -0.29 0.75 3.47 1.78

2.79 -1.17 1.03 0.56 -1.17 -1.95 -1.63 1.51 2.39



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

13.39 3.25 7.82 -

13.75 5.82 9.72 -

27.17 9.83 17.18 -

23.92 4.79 20.44 -

22.60 e 3.59 e 21.07 -

22.08 e 3.40 e 21.00 -

24.22 3.73 21.00 -

6.07 9.66 6.78 -

-1.29 -6.43 1.26 -

Mt: Coking Coal 13.78 14.15 27.66 28.16 26.61 e 26.00 e 28.52 Steam Coal 3.36 6.02 10.01 5.64 4.13 e 3.90 e 4.29 Brown Coal 13.34 16.52 30.66 35.36 36.76 36.54 36.55 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

5.98 9.52 7.18 -

-0.39 -5.72 1.10 -




Canada 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

188.21 7.46 108.81 33.89 10.88 27.04 0.14

222.17 6.18 114.92 51.75 10.60 37.25 1.47

228.53 4.41 99.57 61.86 10.42 51.36 0.91

272.36 5.02 116.88 76.30 13.84 59.16 1.16

289.14 5.03 130.74 75.09 14.68 62.26 1.34

291.65 5.13 134.15 73.73 14.40 62.91 1.33

287.88 4.97 132.85 72.38 15.19 61.30 1.19

1.15 -3.04 -0.52 3.60 -0.25 3.85 11.78

1.45 0.75 1.82 0.99 2.38 1.11 1.71


65.02 6.71 20.06 16.95 8.15 13.01 0.14

71.52 5.85 16.56 23.14 7.87 16.67 1.43

67.30 3.87 9.70 24.07 8.13 20.63 0.90

78.56 4.59 9.22 27.59 11.03 24.98 1.15

80.75 4.60 9.10 28.46 11.84 25.44 1.32

82.41 4.51 12.62 26.79 11.26 26.00 1.24

81.60 4.43 11.20 27.69 12.11 25.07 1.10

0.20 -3.18 -4.19 2.08 -0.02 2.75 11.73

1.21 0.85 0.90 0.88 2.52 1.23 1.26


48.73 0.18 48.15 -

63.96 61.35 2.33

62.91 58.37 4.14

75.97 68.43 6.79

79.20 73.32 5.15

80.74 73.84 6.14

80.67 74.07 5.85

1.51 1.14 -

1.57 1.50 2.19


0.40 36.34 0.57 17.92 8.73

0.28 40.43 0.11 14.67 12.49

0.40 41.19 0.07 6.66 16.22

0.19 0.56 44.09 0.05 4.64 19.80

0.20 0.52 45.00 0.04 e 3.79 19.99

0.24 0.52 44.73 0.05 e 3.39 19.85

0.19 0.56 43.27 0.06 e 3.08 19.00

0.06 0.74 -11.87 -5.66 3.71

2.06 0.31 -1.13 -4.71 0.99


2.73 6.38 24.13 0.00 8.93 8.20

2.73 e 10.42 26.13 0.04 7.08 10.05

2.30 15.95 0.00 31.04 0.01 5.82 11.89

2.62 16.98 39.17 0.00 8.25 15.45

2.64 e 18.55 44.21 11.91 15.78

2.89 e 18.55 0.00 44.44 12.27 15.50

2.89 e 18.25 0.00 42.34 11.63 14.38

-1.01 5.54 1.49 6.38 -2.48 2.21

1.46 0.84 4.43 1.96 4.42 1.20

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 7.00 8.92 13.31 Heat 0.04 0.01 Non-Energy Use 10.44 16.65 21.46 Coal and Peat 0.18 0.47 Oil 10.44 13.14 16.16 Gas 3.33 4.83 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

15.46 0.01 28.56 0.38 22.35 5.84

16.50 0.01 34.83 0.39 29.38 5.06

16.58 0.09 34.22 0.56 28.81 4.85

16.24 0.09 34.86 0.48 29.55 4.83

3.86 4.33 2.61 -

1.25 17.25 3.08 0.18 3.84 0.00


of which:



Canada 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


16.7 15.0 -10.9 1.0

29.3 15.4 -14.9 0.5

54.2 13.6 -30.6 -2.5

49.2 21.5 -27.5 2.1

47.3 16.8 -24.1 2.9

Primary Supply

21.8

30.3

34.7

45.2

42.9


0.5

0.1

1.7

1.2


-14.8 e

-24.3 e

-31.8 e


-11.9 -11.9 -

-21.5 -21.4 -0.0

-2.9 e -1.9 e -1.0 -


Coal Transformation


2006

49.0 15.1 -26.3 3.8

7.2 -0.5 6.3 x

-1.0 1.1 -1.6 x

39.3

41.5

2.8

0.8

-1.5

0.0

..

x

x

-41.3 e

-36.2 e

-34.4 e

..

4.6

0.5

-30.0 -30.0 -0.0

-39.7 -39.6 -0.1

-34.6 e -34.5 e -0.1 e

-32.6 e -32.6 e -0.1 e

.. .. ..

5.6 5.6 -

0.5 0.5 5.4

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.8 e -2.1 e -0.7 -

-1.8 e -1.5 e -0.3 -

-1.6 e -1.4 e -0.2 -

-1.6 e -1.4 e -0.2 -

-1.7 e -1.4 e -0.3 e -

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.8 -1.2 -7.8 -

-0.3 -0.4 0.6 -

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

7.5

6.2


6.7 3.7 e 0.7 0.3

Transport sector(6)

e e e e

46.5 16.1 -23.6 0.3

2007e e e e e


-

-

..

-

-

-0.1 e

-0.0 e

..

2.6

-11.1

-

-

-

..

x

x

4.4

5.0

5.1

5.0

..

-3.0

0.7

5.9 4.1 e 0.0 0.3 0.3

3.9 2.3 e 0.7 0.1

4.6 2.6 e 1.0 0.1

4.5 2.5 e 1.1 e 0.0 e

4.4 2.6 e 1.0 e 0.0 e

.. .. .. .. ..

-3.2 -2.8 -0.0 -4.4

0.8 0.8 2.7 -6.7

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.6 0.0 0.6

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.1 0.1 e

0.1 0.1 e

.. .. ..

-11.4 6.4 -11.9

-1.7 -1.1


0.4

0.6

0.5

..

-

0.2



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Canada 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

11.51 10.30 10.29 0.01 1.41 0.07 0.26 0.36 0.28 0.44 0.05 -

14.04 12.66 12.65 0.01 1.52 0.09 0.05 0.35 0.22 0.82 0.06 0.02

13.86 12.21 12.19 0.02 1.22 0.69 0.09 0.44 0.04 0.26

18.04 15.75 15.74 0.01 1.74 1.03 0.03 0.67 0.02 0.33

14.22 12.84 12.84 0.01 - e 1.97 1.11 0.04 0.82 0.00 0.33

16.48 13.20 13.20 0.00 - e 1.86 1.20 0.02 0.64 0.02 0.53

11.12 10.87 10.87 0.00 - e 1.85 1.16 0.02 0.67 0.03 0.43

1.56 1.42 1.42 2.12 -1.20 5.41 -8.64 0.02 -0.95 -

-1.37 -0.72 -0.72 -16.53 2.62 3.32 -10.14 2.67 -1.54 3.26

6.78 6.98 -

7.32 7.31 -

5.02 5.00 -

4.46 4.23 -

4.59 4.37 e -

4.29 4.29 e -

5.11 4.33 e -

-2.46 -2.74 -

0.11 -0.90 -

13.17 15.91 30.26 12.61 15.61 29.95 12.61 15.61 29.95 0.29 0.25 0.17 0.17 0.19 0.10 0.12 0.06 0.08 0.25 0.16 0.06 Non-energy use 0.09 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

40.47 40.08 40.08 0.16 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.14

7.18 7.47 7.47 -4.25 -4.60 -3.77 -11.22 -

2.19 1.81 1.81 -3.30 -2.89 -3.85 -0.44 3.73




40.94 38.98 38.98 0.09 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.16

42.14 39.26 39.26 0.10 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.16

42.76 39.91 39.91 0.10 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.16


Canada 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


37.87 51.09 34.42

48.63 58.24 32.90

61.03 .. 48.90

20.54 87.54 104.81

24.15 131.59 136.01

23.34 103.16 133.69

28.15 144.67 175.17

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

43.97 62.69 51.90 .. 43.29

42.76 64.85 71.11 .. 50.90

.. .. 80.23 .. 65.09

.. .. 133.02 .. 69.85

.. .. 154.04 .. 163.43

.. .. 163.50 .. 173.88

.. .. 218.54 .. 228.83

.. .. 242.04 .. 211.63

.. .. 291.45 .. 201.02


(Canadian Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

37.62 79.95 50.49

49.49 93.37 49.45

62.00 .. 73.37

26.55 178.28 200.12

29.44 252.66 244.81

26.44 184.06 223.63

29.70 240.46 272.97

.. .. ..

.. .. ..


.. .. 128.41 .. 97.67

.. .. 270.90 .. 133.36

.. .. 295.75 .. 294.17

.. .. 291.72 .. 290.85

.. .. 363.25 .. 356.58

.. .. 376.43 .. 308.55

.. .. 429.28 .. 277.58

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

14.95 14.62 .. .. 0.33

15.40 15.15 6.21 8.94 0.25

13.64 13.32 4.22 9.10 0.32

21.50 18.15 4.15 14.00 2.76 0.59

18.50 12.79 3.16 e 9.63 e 5.54 0.17

15.82 11.66 3.31 e 8.35 e 3.91 0.25

16.80 11.55 4.09 e 7.46 e 5.17 0.08

16.12 e 10.27 4.11 e 6.16 e 5.75 0.09 e

15.11 9.38 3.27 6.11 4.92 0.81

Total Exports 10.91 14.91 30.63 27.53 24.58 22.12 24.08 Hard Coal 10.56 14.84 30.45 27.25 24.46 21.94 23.86 Coking Coal .. 13.73 26.37 24.11 20.14 e 20.25 e 22.68 e 1.69 e 1.18 e Steam Coal .. 1.10 4.08 3.14 4.32 e Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.06 0.07 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.34 0.07 0.18 0.28 0.06 0.12 0.14 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

23.58 e 23.35 20.93 e 2.43 e 0.14 0.09 e

26.30 25.93 22.66 3.26 0.21 0.17





Canada 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

14250

15634

14169

18790

13451 e

12797 e

12767 e

11296 e

10359

5454 5454 -

6389 6389 -

4491 4491 -

4296 4296 -

3272 e 3264 e -

3429 e 3429 e -

4228 e 4160 e -

4253 e 4133 e -

3379 3293 -

-

-

-

-

8 e -

- e -

9 e 59 e

7 e 113 e

86 -

8796 8796 -

9245 9245 -

9678 9639 -

14494 14090 -

e e e e e

9368 e 7371 e -

8539 e 6318 e -

7043 e 6041 e -

6980 5043 -

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

39 -

155 61 26 91 71

663 e 224 e 149 e 64 e 922 e 20 e 156 e

889 e 35 e 169 e 706 e 198 e

51 e 1307 e 114 e 62 e 564 e 123 e

16 e 278 e 264 e 444 e -

1 969 280 63 624 -


10179 13 14 176 54 7541 183

e e




Canada 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

13017

14127

26851

28386

23716 e

23847 e

26710 e

24640 e

26684

12217 147 164 10934 668 150 154 -

12785 21 161 316 48 10711 1295 28 48 157 -

19684 6 41 379 72 159 16569 369 519 102 51 645 772

22440 374 585 792 1170 12085 3851 385 408 338 819 1093 540

19201 116 197 324 1478 994 7487 3268 474 1250 392 780 1078 1363

18487 293 200 388 1814 553 891 4883 3625 483 1139 113 1306 1064 1735

21719 58 516 494 1757 1469 6794 4770 406 807 344 1025 1677 1602

20791 494 372 1680 1177 7225 4441 274 994 175 1080 1418 1461

18222 345 592 1733 1126 8430 230 1047 631 226 957 1437 1468

800 600 200 -

1306 626 211 263 182 24 -

1969 1108 129 224 508 -

3107 1471 1324 312 -

4514 1835 1077 445 58 69 231 799 -


36

5198

2839


e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e e

1 e

5360 1469 990 381 49 365 1967 139 -

e

e

e e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e e

e e e

4991 1718 1274 426 368 1060 145 -

e

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

3801 1584 1220 220 69 373 265 70

e

e e e

e e e e e

e

e e e e e e e

e e e

2107 1449 74 344 240 -

48 e

6355

e




Canada 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

971

1142

4149

3696

4564 e

1899 e

1354 e

2787 e

3748

971 27 309 492 83 56 4

1142 252 442 412 35 1

2706 479 18 64 1933 18 194

3419 151 55 14 1244 1767 80 108

1439 22 1 4 46 2 266 391 52 114 541

1261 e 501 e 760 e

1132 726 169 237

2137 1375 534 228

e

2308 6 2094 55 153

-

-

218 98 120 -

-

204 1 136 67 -


-

1225

277




e e

e e e e

e e

e

e e e

e

e e

2921 e

e

e e

e

2007e

e

e e

45 e 45 e -

180 e 180 e -

348 e 348 e -

532 172 358 2 -

593 e

42 e

302 e

908


Czech Republic* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


80

120

70

100

60 80

50

60

40 30

40

20 20 10 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


70

60

60

50

50 40 40 30 30 20

20

10

10 0 1971

100

1977



0 1971


90

180

80

160

70

140

60

120

50

100

40

80

30

60

20

40

10

20

0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971



2006


1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Czech Republic 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 64.85 67.47 Coal and Peat 50.84 47.75 Oil 12.70 15.89 Gas 1.44 3.72 Comb. Renew/Waste Nuclear Hydro 0.13 0.29 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.27 -0.19 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

69.97 44.94 12.77 7.51 4.69 0.14 -0.09 -

57.73 30.83 11.24 10.71 0.91 5.06 0.22 -1.23 -0.00

64.60 28.91 14.21 11.00 2.49 9.24 0.29 0.01 -1.55 -0.00

65.79 29.75 14.05 10.81 2.66 9.73 0.31 0.01 -1.55 0.01

65.36 30.24 13.89 10.22 2.92 9.78 0.26 0.02 -1.98 0.01

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.45 -0.72 0.03 10.20 0.42 -6.60 -

-0.38 -2.54 0.60 2.30 4.68 5.04 19.90 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


41 e 49 e 55 57 68 1.58 e 1.39 e 1.27 1.02 0.95 Population (millions) 9.9 10.3 10.4 10.3 10.2 TPES/population(1) 6.54 6.53 6.75 5.62 6.31 TPES/GDP(2) 155.2 e 136.1 e 124.3 100.0 93.0 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 227.9 e 180.4 e 149.5 100.0 78.0 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 82.5 e 89.3 e 100.0 100.0 93.1 Elec. Generation (TWh) 41 53 62 73 82 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 119.9 100.0 134.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

73 0.91 10.3 6.41 89.1 75.5 90.3 84 149.0

77 0.85 10.3 6.38 83.1 72.1 .. 88 161.2


1.71 -2.06 -0.06 -0.33 -2.06 -4.18 -0.64 1.86 1.37



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

14.81 6.57 37.25 0.17

13.89 6.40 37.35 0.14

13.78 38.10 -

7.92 27.86 -

6.92 26.75 -

7.57 26.33 -

7.49 26.08 -

-0.60 0.19 -

-3.68 -2.28 -

Mt: Coking Coal 18.55 17.40 14.38 8.14 7.14 7.75 7.67 Steam Coal 10.60 10.32 Brown Coal 88.84 89.09 87.02 57.03 54.89 54.71 54.51 Peat 0.60 0.50 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-2.10 -0.17 -

-3.79 -2.86 -




Czech Republic 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)



1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

45.12 27.50 11.40 2.59 3.62 -

49.93 26.33 13.59 3.40 4.65 1.95

48.10 19.07 12.03 6.86 5.92 4.23

35.83 6.59 10.65 8.45 0.33 6.07 3.75

39.92 5.58 13.22 8.87 1.90 0.00 6.61 3.73

39.97 5.01 13.70 8.83 2.08 0.00 6.79 3.54

40.50 5.54 13.64 8.78 2.23 0.00 7.00 3.31

0.38 -2.13 0.31 5.90 2.93 -

-1.07 -7.44 0.79 1.55 1.06 -1.52

25.18 16.34 5.88 0.66 2.31 -

26.80 16.70 6.96 0.40 2.73 -

22.68 9.90 4.13 3.79 3.31 1.54

12.96 4.68 0.93 3.72 0.20 2.33 1.11

12.31 3.51 0.87 3.55 0.49 2.75 1.14

12.38 3.60 0.79 3.45 0.71 2.84 0.99

12.24 3.61 0.49 3.51 0.72 2.90 1.01

-0.61 -2.90 -2.06 10.87 2.14 -

-3.78 -6.11 -12.51 -0.47 -0.82 -2.61

3.44 0.17 3.03 -

3.69 0.14 3.27 -

4.02 3.63 -

6.28 5.86 0.04

8.27 0.01 7.89 0.05

8.86 0.01 8.52 0.06

9.05 0.00 8.69 0.06

0.93 1.06 -

5.21 5.61 -

0.23 10.05 9.29 e 0.07 0.22

0.28 10.65 8.04 e 0.12 0.55

0.39 11.34 6.71 e 0.12 1.53

0.09 0.29 7.58 1.12 0.11 2.93

0.05 0.27 8.92 0.75 0.08 3.36

0.01 0.27 8.64 0.55 0.05 3.30

0.03 0.27 9.30 1.17 0.05 3.25

3.08 0.71 -1.89 3.64 12.25

-2.24 -1.23 -10.34 -5.87 4.81

0.48 0.89 0.39 e 0.25

0.76 1.18 2.26 0.33 e 0.13 0.63

1.18 1.78 4.32 1.86 e 0.07 1.27

1.70 1.73 4.26 0.34 0.01 1.58

1.25 0.00 1.78 1.70 4.93 0.68 0.02 1.77

1.26 0.00 1.81 1.67 4.68 0.36 0.02 1.82

1.37 0.00 1.87 1.59 4.27 0.13 0.02 1.74

5.42 9.76 9.55 10.14

2.90 -0.72 -0.08 -15.22 -6.65 1.98

0.04 1.42 0.88 3.05 3.05 -

0.07 0.00 1.50 0.87 4.42 0.60 3.82 -

0.08 0.00 1.54 0.86 4.26 0.46 3.80 -

0.08 0.00 1.59 0.69 4.46 0.59 3.87 -

3.56 2.45 2.45 -

8.26 0.18 3.77 2.85 -


Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.25 0.41 0.45 Heat 0.77 0.67 Non-Energy Use 1.64 1.78 2.47 Coal and Peat Oil 1.64 1.78 2.47 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



Czech Republic 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

57.8 2.3 -12.0 -0.3

51.9 2.2 -10.4 1.2

35.8 1.5 -8.3 1.8

33.7 1.9 -6.6 -0.1

33.9 2.9 -7.8 0.7

33.6 3.4 -7.6 0.8

-0.3 15.0 6.3 x

-2.6 1.6 -1.8 x


54.3 0.2 -3.7 -0.0

Primary Supply

50.8

47.7

44.9

30.8

28.9

29.8

30.2

-0.7

-2.5


1.8

3.3

-1.3

-0.5

-1.1

-0.9

..

x

x


-24.2 e

-23.7 e

-23.5 e

-23.2 e

-22.1 e

-22.5 e

..

-0.2

-0.3


-11.9 e -11.9 e -

-16.7 e -16.7 e -

-20.5 e -17.4 e -3.1 e

-20.9 -18.9 -2.0

-20.1 -18.3 -1.8

-20.1 -18.2 -1.9

.. .. ..

3.3 2.3 -

-0.1 0.3 -2.9

-2.3 e

-2.6 e

-1.2

-0.6

-0.7

-0.8

..

-3.9

-2.1

-10.0 e 0.0 e -2.6 e -7.4 e -

-4.3 e 0.0 -2.6 e -1.8 -

-1.8 e -0.0 -1.8 e -0.0 -

-1.8 e 0.0 -1.4 e -0.4 -

-1.3 e -0.0 -1.2 e -0.1 -

-1.5 e -0.1 -1.4 e -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-9.5 -2.1 -26.5 -

-1.0 86.1 -1.5 5.0 -


Coal Transformation

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants Other transformation(3) Own use Distribution Losses (4)


Industry sector


(7)


e e e e


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.0 e

-1.0 e

-1.1 e

-0.5

-0.6

-0.6

..

0.8

-3.8

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.0

-0.1

-0.2

..

x

x

27.5

26.3

19.1

6.6

5.0

5.5

..

-2.1

-7.4

16.3 3.4 e 1.1 e 0.5 e 1.3 e

16.7 3.9 e 0.9 e 0.7 e 1.1 e

9.9 5.0 e 0.5 0.5 0.3

4.7 2.0 e 1.2 0.3 0.1

3.6 1.8 e 1.3 0.2 0.1

3.6 1.7 e 1.4 0.2 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.9 2.2 -4.6 -0.3 -7.7

-6.1 -6.4 6.3 -4.9 -9.6

0.2

0.1

-

-

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

1.9 0.3 1.1

0.9 0.4 0.6

1.3 0.1 1.2

.. .. ..

-1.1 9.5 -1.9

-11.3 -15.2 -10.3

-

0.5

0.6

..

-

-

11.0 0.4 e 9.3 e

9.5 0.3 e 8.0 e


9.2 1.9 e 6.7 e -




Czech Republic 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)

Steam Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use Coking Coal Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Blast Furnaces Inputs Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1) Non-energy use

1978

1980

2000

2004

2005

2006

9.81 - e 7.85 1.10 0.05 0.60 0.04 6.05 1.95 -

11.77 - e 9.41 1.32 0.05 0.77 0.04 7.23 2.34 -

- e - e - e -

-

0.05 0.05

0.04 0.04

0.05 0.05

-

-

12.57 12.57 e -

12.17 12.17 e -

9.94 8.54 e 1.40 1.40 e - e -

4.97 4.56 0.04 0.04 0.00 -

4.53 4.64 -

4.33 4.34 -

4.33 4.33 -

-1.93 -3.17 -

-5.06 -4.15 -

56.12 45.05 41.16 3.90 0.44 1.35 6.40 0.99 2.56 0.45 0.25 2.15 2.24 -

52.71 43.61 39.69 3.93 0.53 1.51 4.32 0.74 2.81 0.23 0.07 0.47 2.49 -

52.47 44.22 40.36 3.86 0.54 1.49 4.61 0.90 2.80 0.24 0.23 0.45 1.48 -

53.04 43.97 40.03 3.94 0.62 1.51 4.74 0.84 3.11 0.27 0.14 0.38 2.03 -

0.06 2.09 0.91 -0.10 -6.90 -3.99 6.88 -5.67 8.49 -10.13 -4.40 -0.13 -

-2.68 -0.63 -0.35 -2.92 -6.88 -3.54 -4.66 -2.21 5.93 -7.50 -10.53 -15.76 -12.48 -

Brown Coal/Lignite Total Electricity and Heat Main activity producers Autoproducers Patent Fuel/BKB Plants Coke Ovens Gas manufacture Industry sector Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, Pulp and Print Other industry Res, Comm & Pub Serv(1)

1990


81.32 79.82 81.89 37.97 40.18 48.65 37.97 40.18 42.32 6.33 1.96 2.00 1.94 6.35 6.14 2.69 16.58 14.95 10.17 0.54 0.49 1.20 2.49 2.24 1.24 0.36 0.32 0.95 2.95 2.66 0.82 10.24 9.24 5.97 17.36 15.63 17.09 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries




Czech Republic 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


10.29 52.02 ..

11.54 52.49 ..

20.49 111.20 94.07

21.88 81.86 113.73

c 107.82 153.84

c 122.46 ..

c 152.21 ..

c 212.31 ..

c 209.63 ..

.. .. 52.02 .. ..

.. .. 52.49 .. ..

24.44 52.62 111.20 .. 94.07

26.96 50.72 81.86 .. 114.81

c c 107.82 123.77 158.24

c c 122.46 141.10 169.15

c c 152.21 180.97 227.52

c c 212.31 243.72 312.80

c c 209.63 248.32 304.63


(Czech Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

54 1020 ..

60 1020 ..

134 2718 2171

308 4307 5650

c 4130 5564

c 4284 ..

c 4964 ..

c 6531 ..

c 5792 ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 1020 1020 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

235 877 2718 .. 2171

558 1820 4307 .. 5704

c c 4130 4741 5723

c c 4284 4936 5587

c c 4964 5902 7006

c c 6531 7497 9085

c c 5792 6861 7947

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.21 e .. .. 0.21 e

2.33 2.11 2.11 0.01 0.21

2.25 2.09 0.15

1.48 0.22 0.22 0.68 0.59

2.23 0.46 0.44 0.02 0.74 1.04

2.57 0.51 0.46 0.06 0.89 1.17

1.91 0.47 0.42 0.05 0.62 0.83

2.90 0.97 0.90 0.06 0.93 1.00

3.42 1.03 0.98 0.05 1.39 1.00

Total Exports 3.65 e 12.02 10.38 8.26 7.03 6.72 6.60 Hard Coal 5.41 4.22 3.42 3.57 3.18 2.99 Coking Coal .. 4.87 4.22 3.42 3.57 3.18 2.99 Steam Coal .. 0.54 0.00 0.01 Brown Coal / Lignite 3.96 4.50 3.81 2.39 2.47 2.59 Peat Coal Products(1) 3.65 e 2.65 1.66 1.03 1.08 1.06 1.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

7.75 4.17 4.16 0.01 2.46 1.12

7.55 3.79 3.79 0.00 2.88 0.88





Czech Republic 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Hard Coal Coking Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3) Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Steam Coal Australia Canada Czech Republic Germany Poland United Kingdom United States Other OECD China, People's Rep. Colombia Indonesia South Africa Former USSR(2) Russia (3) Other Former USSR (3)

274 e

1980 2302 e

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

-

217

466

529

535

1037

1107

-

-

-

217 217 -

451 422 -

477 473 -

492 492 -

976 976 -

1062 1021 1 40 -

-

-

-

-

29 -

4 -

-

-

-

-

-

15 -

52 1 1

43 7 1

61 11 1

45 1 14 1

-

-

14 1 -

50 -

32 3 -

3 46 -

3 26 -

274 e 274 e -


2302 e 2302 e -




Czech Republic 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Europe and FSU

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

5934 e

5200

4504

3427

3710

3272

3210

4419

4020

5934 600 59 69 5126 80 -

5200 591 25 2 114 4345 123 -

3427 1244 744 538 901 -

3710 1233 431 399 1647 -

3271 1084 304 572 1311 -

3103 994 230 592 1287 -

4112 910 450 1367 1385 -

3871 850 1 463 1100 1457 -

e e e

e

e e

e e e

e

e

e e

4504 785 28 10 3681 -

e e

e

e

e

-

-

-

-

-

1 1

107 107

307 307

149 149


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-




Czech Republic 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1) Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Europe and FSU

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

394 e

578

-

-

-

2

7

8

4

394 6 100 1 36 237 6 8 -

578 14 4 146 1 68 322 11 12 -

-

-

-

2 2 -

7 2 5 -

6 2 2 2 -

4 2 2 -

e

e

e e

e

e e e

e

e

e

e e

e

e e e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2 2 -

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-




Denmark* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


40

700

35

600

30

500

25

400

20 300 15 200 10 100

5 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971


12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

60



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

14

0 1971

1977


0 1971




2006


70

50

60 40 50 30

40 30

20

20 10 10 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Denmark 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 28.19 28.10 Coal and Peat 2.76 8.39 Oil 24.95 18.94 Gas 0.00 0.00 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.51 0.92 Nuclear Hydro 0.00 0.00 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.03 -0.15 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

25.60 8.70 11.72 2.60 1.63 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.87 0.00

27.66 5.69 12.49 6.35 2.49 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.08 0.00

28.13 5.31 11.71 6.28 3.83 0.00 0.00 0.83 0.17 0.01

29.90 7.82 11.80 6.48 3.87 0.00 0.02 0.77 -0.85 0.01

29.09 6.80 11.70 5.80 3.98 0.00 0.02 0.90 -0.12 0.01

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 -0.57 6.99 -4.35 65.00 7.11 0.91 -

0.98 -0.66 0.04 5.88 5.55 -1.22 10.74 15.31 1.50



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

177 0.17 5.4 5.50 97.7 124.1 94.9 46 108.6

180 0.16 5.5 5.34 93.4 106.1 .. 39 109.0

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.90 -2.42 0.14 -0.70 -2.42 5.00 1.46 1.82 -

2.26 -1.26 0.35 0.62 -1.26 -2.86 -1.08 3.60 2.27





1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



Denmark 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

22.93 0.48 20.07 0.17 0.23 1.98 -

21.82 0.66 16.94 0.17 0.55 0.00 2.66 0.84

19.64 0.57 10.62 1.65 0.81 0.00 3.48 2.51

21.38 0.42 10.44 2.38 0.93 0.01 3.99 3.22

22.30 0.37 10.74 2.43 1.18 0.01 4.05 3.52

22.48 0.36 10.74 2.43 1.34 0.01 4.11 3.49

22.75 0.38 10.85 2.43 1.42 0.01 4.19 3.48

-0.91 0.99 -3.68 14.36 7.65 3.39 -

0.92 -2.53 0.13 2.42 3.61 9.21 1.15 2.06


4.79 0.30 3.81 0.02 0.08 0.57 -

4.51 0.55 3.02 0.01 0.11 0.71 0.11

3.85 0.46 1.31 0.77 0.16 1.04 0.11

4.19 0.38 1.08 1.11 0.16 1.23 0.23

4.14 0.33 1.15 1.02 0.16 1.23 0.24

4.10 0.31 1.10 1.02 0.17 1.27 0.23

4.19 0.31 1.17 1.02 0.18 1.28 0.23

-1.28 2.49 -6.07 22.90 4.01 3.64 -

0.53 -2.35 -0.72 1.79 0.46 1.32 4.90


4.92 0.00 4.90 -

5.09 5.08 -

5.75 5.72 -

6.81 6.77 -

7.36 7.32 -

7.53 7.48 -

7.63 7.58 -

0.92 0.91 -

1.78 1.77 -


0.01 9.90 0.18 8.66 0.13

0.02 7.97 0.10 5.96 0.14

0.03 5.71 0.02 1.81 0.59

0.04 5.94 0.00 1.10 0.94

0.05 6.28 0.93 1.02

0.05 6.37 0.89 1.01

0.01 0.05 6.31 0.80 0.97

3.87 -3.18 -11.63 -8.79 9.12

3.90 0.62 -4.99 3.16


0.12 0.81 0.46 0.01

0.35 0.00 0.91 0.49 1.75 0.72 0.01

0.48 0.00 1.19 1.62 2.46 0.00 0.46 0.20

0.61 0.01 1.25 2.03 2.61 0.19 0.23

0.86 0.01 1.27 2.19 2.83 0.16 0.30

1.00 0.01 1.28 2.19 2.83 0.14 0.31

1.05 0.01 1.30 2.18 2.90 0.12 0.35

8.64 2.27 10.38 18.35

5.04 9.19 0.56 1.87 1.04 -8.03 3.37

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.02 0.02 0.04 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Electricity 0.43 0.75 1.03 Heat 0.24 0.72 Non-Energy Use 1.02 0.59 0.44 Coal and Peat Oil 1.02 0.59 0.44 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.09 0.00 1.22 0.90 0.43 0.43 -

0.09 0.00 1.27 1.02 0.43 0.43 -

0.09 0.00 1.28 1.01 0.40 0.40 -

0.11 0.00 1.32 1.01 0.42 0.42 -

5.04 5.28 -4.86 -4.86 -

5.58 9.27 1.58 2.12 -0.24 -0.24 -


of which:



Denmark 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


2.7 -0.1 0.1

8.7 -0.1 -0.3

8.9 -0.0 -0.2

5.5 -0.1 0.3

5.1 -0.1 0.3

7.4 -0.1 0.5

6.9 -0.2 0.0

7.2 -1.0 x

-1.2 4.2 x

Primary Supply

2.8

8.4

8.7

5.7

5.3

7.8

6.8

7.0

-0.7


0.0

0.2

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

0.1

..

x

x


-2.3

-8.0

-8.1

-5.2

-4.9

-7.6

..

7.7

-0.4


-2.3 -2.3 -

-8.0 -7.9 -0.1

-8.1 -8.1 -0.1

-5.2 -5.2 -0.0

-4.9 -4.9 -0.0

-7.6 -7.6 -0.0

.. .. ..

7.8 7.7 -

-0.4 -0.4 -19.1

Autoproducers Gas Works

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

(2)

BKB plants Blast Furnaces Coke Ovens Patent Fuel plants

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-

Other transformation(3)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.5

0.7

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.4

..

1.0

-2.5


0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0

0.5 0.0 0.4 0.1

0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 -

0.3 0.0 0.2 -

0.3 0.0 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

2.5 -14.6 2.8 18.4

-2.3 12.7 0.6 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.1 -

0.1 -

.. .. ..

-2.7 -11.6

-3.3 -

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Coal Transformation



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Denmark 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)



1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

5.65 4.99 4.93 0.06 0.09 0.69 0.55 0.06 0.09 0.01 -

9.66 9.28 9.23 0.06 0.09 0.54 0.36 0.07 0.11 0.02 -

9.99 9.40 9.34 0.06 0.47 0.00 0.20 0.05 0.22 0.03 -

6.64 6.19 6.18 0.02 0.38 0.02 0.23 0.13 0.00 -

7.33 7.01 7.01 0.00 0.32 0.02 0.21 0.09 -

6.29 5.91 5.90 0.01 0.30 0.02 0.21 0.07 -

9.17 8.94 8.94 0.00 0.31 0.02 0.22 0.07 -

4.86 5.43 5.47 0.55 -3.18 -8.07 -1.35 7.85 5.95 -

-0.53 -0.31 -0.27 -19.40 -2.62 12.59 0.48 -6.61 -

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries




Denmark 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. c

55.86 118.18 c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

76.39 x 69.50 .. 258.30

95.46 x 145.82 .. 538.26

119.95 x .. 108.12 c

.. x .. 162.96 c

.. x .. 223.78 c

.. x .. 205.61 c

.. x .. 280.27 c

.. x .. 315.42 c

.. x .. 353.69 c


(Danish Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. c

262 918 c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

Steam Coal 421 538 Coking Coal x x High Suplhur Fuel Oil 528 1133 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 1830 3900 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

742 x .. 922 c

.. x .. 1817 c

.. x .. 2029 c

.. x .. 1697 c

.. x .. 2317 c

.. x .. 2584 c

.. x .. 2654 c

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

2.73 2.58 .. .. 0.14

8.70 8.54 0.01 8.54 0.16

8.93 8.88 8.88 0.05

5.51 5.46 5.46 0.05

8.08 8.05 8.05 0.03

6.45 6.41 6.41 0.04

5.09 5.05 5.05 0.04

7.42 7.38 7.38 0.04

6.93 6.90 6.90 0.03

Total Exports 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.13 0.13 0.08 Hard Coal 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.13 0.13 0.08 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.13 0.13 0.08 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.09 0.09 0.09 -

0.16 0.16 0.16 -





Denmark 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

6110

9969

10255

6416

9515

7592

6031

8688

8122

-

7 2 1 1 1 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6110 177 307 6 941 3078 145 2 8

9962 436 204 4 275 3422 592 1376 44

10255 1127 646 39 52 972 592 3223 8

6416 143 2311 3 177

9515 569 880 246 505

7592 442 1092 1 188 329

6031 129 830 66 309

8688 290 3 529 29 274 129

8122 144 6 357 3 6 324


3118 395 96

57 2057 1482

812 1672 1295 3 -

394 2681 289 2971 970 10 -

275 1454 1845 1966 -

1254 1852 1531 60 -

1537 631 3062 2040 164 -

2475 288 2099 2252 168 -





Denmark 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

-

2

54

123

151

157

96

110

190

-

-

54 9 14 31 -

123 76 34 13 -

151 15 66 70 -

157 63 93 1 -

96 95 1 -

110 29 79 2 -

190 102 7 81 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Europe and FSU

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-




Denmark 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

54.71

93.62

535.51

..

..

..

625.03

..

154.99

.. .. .. 52.54 73.01 .. 96.23 .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

37.65 46.02 38.53 31.65 50.27 56.29 61.84 Imports from: Australia 31.92 43.67 35.66 30.22 43.58 40.19 56.06 Canada 45.64 50.24 39.52 .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. 72.83 .. .. .. .. .. Poland 36.81 45.29 36.22 31.88 40.12 52.46 52.10 United States 42.88 46.31 42.57 .. 107.27 59.65 62.81 China 36.42 43.94 .. .. 74.65 52.10 .. Colombia 34.57 47.11 36.57 30.75 58.73 57.11 62.06 South Africa .. .. 39.01 33.11 42.83 57.29 67.27 Former USSR(2) 34.71 41.65 40.89 31.65 47.01 59.95 59.88 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

59.15

75.20

.. .. .. 51.93 65.96 .. 59.23 59.65 60.51

67.34 .. .. 89.54 .. .. 78.38 70.30 73.66

Coking Coal

(1)





Finland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


60

400 350

50

300 40

250 200

30

150 20 100 10

50

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971


12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

100



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

14

0 1971

1977


0 1971


90



2006


70

80 60

70 60

50

50

40

40

30

30 20

20

10

10 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Finland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 30.18 35.36 Coal and Peat 3.65 7.07 Oil 19.08 18.22 Gas 1.10 Comb. Renew/Waste 5.63 4.96 Nuclear 2.61 Hydro 1.29 1.26 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.53 0.15 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

41.01 7.60 13.98 3.12 6.52 7.15 1.33 0.00 1.31 -

46.36 7.28 13.01 4.89 9.54 8.37 1.80 0.01 1.46 0.00

49.12 7.05 14.57 5.14 9.79 8.66 1.69 0.02 2.09 0.10

53.48 10.51 15.09 5.54 10.90 8.53 1.41 0.02 1.40 0.08

53.11 10.29 14.87 5.31 10.52 8.72 1.74 0.02 1.54 0.08

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.82 4.41 -1.81 0.86 0.19 5.45 -

1.67 2.05 0.48 3.65 3.26 1.10 0.36 25.41 0.43 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

145 0.37 5.3 10.16 97.0 121.4 95.4 82 119.3

151 0.35 5.3 10.09 92.4 114.1 .. 81 124.5

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.97 -1.11 0.39 1.42 -1.11 1.40 1.69 4.41 3.15

2.33 -0.64 0.34 1.33 -0.64 -0.27 0.04 2.62 4.36



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.63

1.04

2.59

1.72

3.11

4.61

1.84

12.47

3.67

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat 2.21 3.63 7.15 4.86 8.93 13.24 5.30 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

10.28

3.92




Finland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

27.54 1.51 16.22 0.01 5.63 3.31 0.86

27.85 1.58 14.51 0.62 4.93 4.57 1.64

32.24 2.23 13.60 1.41 5.03 0.00 7.24 2.74

34.63 1.64 11.24 1.43 7.06 0.00 9.29 3.97

37.94 1.42 12.56 1.23 7.14 0.00 10.21 5.37

36.74 1.43 12.48 1.24 6.51 0.00 9.94 5.14

38.78 1.47 12.66 1.40 6.35 0.00 10.54 6.36

0.93 2.32 -1.03 31.15 -0.66 4.71 7.02

1.16 -2.58 -0.45 -0.02 1.47 3.08 2.37 5.41


9.31 1.34 5.63 0.01 2.22 0.11

8.55 1.44 3.57 0.57 2.80 0.17

12.89 2.20 1.63 1.31 3.50 4.00 0.25

16.00 1.60 1.32 1.27 5.51 5.26 1.04

17.71 1.37 2.17 1.02 5.47 5.67 2.01

16.40 1.39 1.97 1.03 4.86 5.31 1.85

17.92 1.42 1.93 1.16 4.67 5.77 2.97

1.93 2.96 -7.04 35.41 3.52 4.83

2.08 -2.68 1.08 -0.78 1.81 2.32 16.75


3.58 0.02 3.55 -

4.22 4.19 -

6.11 6.06 -

6.32 6.23 0.02

6.90 6.78 0.03

6.95 6.84 0.03

7.10 6.99 0.03

3.20 3.19 -

0.94 0.90 -


0.01 6.13 0.15 4.80 0.01

0.03 6.39 0.15 4.23 0.05

0.05 7.62 0.03 2.91 0.04

0.07 6.49 0.02 1.05 0.03

0.01 0.08 6.91 0.02 0.96 0.04

0.08 6.93 0.02 0.91 0.04

0.00 0.08 7.07 0.02 0.89 0.05

12.32 1.29 -8.67 -2.91 11.52

2.93 -0.47 -2.63 -7.12 1.04


0.62 0.55 0.43 -

0.99 0.96 0.68 -

1.30 0.00 1.79 1.54 1.28 -

1.34 0.00 2.23 1.82 2.23 0.02 0.47 0.04

1.40 0.00 2.50 1.98 2.47 0.02 0.45 0.05

1.39 0.00 2.53 2.04 2.49 0.02 0.42 0.04

1.41 0.00 2.60 2.10 2.60 0.02 0.47 0.04

6.48 6.28 6.58 -

0.48 3.08 2.34 1.96 4.55 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.43 0.68 1.28 Heat Non-Energy Use 1.51 1.76 2.08 Coal and Peat Oil 1.51 1.76 2.05 Gas 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.08 1.63 1.43 1.38 0.05

0.09 1.86 1.49 1.41 0.07

0.09 1.91 1.65 1.58 0.07

0.10 1.98 1.67 1.56 0.11

6.58 1.90 1.80 -

2.77 -1.36 -1.67 7.46


of which:



Finland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


0.1 3.5 -0.0 0.1

1.0 5.4 -0.0 0.6

2.6 6.3 -0.0 -1.3

1.7 5.1 -0.0 0.5

3.1 4.8 -0.0 -0.8

4.6 6.5 -0.0 -0.6

1.8 6.6 -0.0 1.9

22.6 3.5 -17.1 x

3.7 0.2 14.9 x

Primary Supply

3.6

7.1

7.6

7.3

7.1

10.5

10.3

4.4

2.1


-0.0

-0.2

-0.1

-0.0

-0.2

0.1

..

x

x


-2.1 e

-5.3 e

-5.3 e

-5.6 e

-5.4 e

-9.1 e

..

5.5

3.5


-1.7 -1.7 -

-4.9 -4.5 -0.5

-4.7 -4.4 -0.3

-4.9 -4.5 -0.4

-4.8 -4.4 -0.4

-8.5 -8.1 -0.5

.. .. ..

6.1 5.7 -

3.8 3.8 2.8

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.4 e -0.4 e -

-0.4 e -0.4 e -

-0.5 e -0.5 e -0.0 -

-0.6 e -0.5 e -0.1 -

-0.7 e -0.5 e -0.2 -

-0.6 e -0.5 e -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

2.2 2.0 -

0.9 -0.5 15.8 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

1.5

1.6

2.2

1.6

1.4

1.5

..

2.3

-2.6


1.3 0.4 e 0.0 0.0

1.4 0.5 e 0.0 0.5 0.3

2.2 0.8 e 0.1 0.7 0.5

1.6 0.9 e 0.1 0.1 0.4

1.4 0.8 e 0.1 0.1 0.3

1.4 0.8 e 0.1 0.2 0.3

.. .. .. .. ..

3.0 4.3 17.2 20.2

-2.7 0.3 -4.0 -8.8 -3.1

Transport sector(6)

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-8.7 -8.7

1.9 -2.6

-

-

-

-

..

-

-


Coal Transformation




Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Finland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


5.31 4.57 4.52 0.05 0.67 0.09 0.01 0.41 0.15 0.08 -

5.69 4.82 4.73 0.10 0.79 0.08 0.01 0.51 0.18 0.08 -

4.94 3.88 3.77 0.11 1.04 0.08 0.08 0.76 0.09 0.02 0.01 -

3.91 3.50 3.46 0.05 0.34 0.07 0.17 0.09 0.01 0.01 -

6.72 6.47 6.46 0.02 0.24 0.08 0.14 0.02 0.01 -

3.20 2.91 2.90 0.02 0.28 0.09 0.17 0.02 0.01 -

6.54 6.33 6.32 0.02 0.20 0.18 0.02 0.00 0.01 -

-0.60 -1.34 -1.49 7.24 3.82 -0.61 16.10 5.22 -14.26 -16.20 -

1.77 3.10 3.27 -11.76 -9.78 -8.59 -9.22 -88.35 -1.56 -

-

-

0.71 0.71 -

1.28 1.28 -

1.36 1.28 -

1.40 1.28 -

1.07 1.24 -

-

2.61 3.54 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-






Finland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


51.74 71.34 78.45

77.80 148.30 158.02

72.35 130.84 96.13

44.40 133.67 88.04

55.49 149.77 105.93

76.99 160.09 113.21

82.82 232.79 128.66

85.36 267.72 173.47

96.21 300.68 187.08

51.74 .. 71.34 .. 78.45

77.80 .. 148.30 .. 158.02

72.35 .. 130.84 .. 96.13

89.47 99.78 .. 172.12 101.68

113.53 126.04 .. 198.88 123.46

140.81 158.63 .. 214.08 132.46

146.63 196.65 .. 286.78 147.93

149.81 203.29 .. 322.25 192.94

166.59 225.89 .. 360.21 208.33



31.11 67.61 69.70

42.38 127.32 127.18

40.48 115.38 79.47

41.92 198.90 122.82

42.73 181.78 120.53

53.93 176.74 117.18

58.01 257.00 133.16

59.20 292.63 177.76

61.12 301.03 175.58


40.48 .. 115.38 .. 79.47

84.47 108.23 .. 256.12 141.85

87.43 111.51 .. 241.38 140.48

98.63 127.66 .. 236.34 137.10

102.71 158.25 .. 316.60 153.11

103.90 161.98 .. 352.23 197.71

105.82 164.85 .. 360.63 195.53

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

3.50 2.68 .. .. 0.82

5.41 4.20 4.20 1.21

6.27 5.49 0.64 4.85 0.77

5.08 4.58 1.26 3.32 0.50

9.48 8.99 1.22 7.76 0.49

7.90 7.39 1.36 6.02 0.51

4.80 4.29 1.40 2.89 0.50

6.47 5.95 1.07 4.88 0.52

6.55 5.99 1.42 4.57 0.56

Total Exports 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 Coal Products(1) 0.02 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.01 0.01 -

0.01 0.01 -





Finland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

4789

4669

6101

5072

10146

8286

4723

6684

6670

-

-

711 203 45 -

1258 100 2 705 360 -

1225 403 156 430 200 -

1364 336 239 308 410 -

1401 487 519 13 382 -

1073 249 434 2 324 -

1418 559 529 315 -

-

-

463 -

91 -

36 -

71 -

-

64 -

2 13 -

4789 4089 3 -

4669 4 3535 4 533 4

5390 2609 253 41 -

3814 1313 51

8921 122 1656 7 66 64

6922 1317 12 20 82

3322 551 3 1

5611 530 9 467 48

5252 270 7 39 23


589 -

100 334 1905 148 -

2448 2 -

528 59 275 412 5558 172 2 -

5422 69 -

2736 31 -

323 274 379 3558 23 -

88 4812 13 -





Finland 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

..

..

60.49

63.46

66.29

95.47

131.60

138.48

152.40

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 60.94 60.37 .. .. .. 59.06

66.55 64.15 .. 60.87 65.26 .. .. .. 61.99

65.58 69.89 .. 66.07 65.40 .. .. .. 66.06

85.75 89.94 .. 124.02 92.30 .. .. .. 54.76

148.54 153.33 .. 147.80 121.25 .. .. .. 57.46

139.46 149.22 .. .. 125.76 .. .. .. 124.04

150.14 164.99 .. .. 135.83 .. .. .. 129.54

.. 49.71 44.30 37.08 39.99 58.45 62.80 Imports from: Australia .. .. 46.59 44.43 46.85 .. .. Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. 44.28 38.34 38.21 63.74 68.11 United States .. .. 53.46 .. 42.11 .. .. China .. .. .. .. 42.69 .. .. Colombia .. .. 52.73 48.32 45.46 .. .. South Africa .. .. .. 44.11 39.99 .. .. Former USSR(2) .. .. 40.34 35.24 39.83 57.32 61.59 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

67.65

72.64

.. .. .. 73.39 78.95 .. 82.30 76.78 62.84

.. .. .. 79.86 72.38 .. 77.53 .. 71.89

Coking Coal

(1)





France* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


450

120

400 100 350 80

300 250

60

200 40

150 100

20

50 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


50

50

40

40

30

30

20

20

10

10

700



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

60

0 1971

1977


0 1971


600



2006


500

500 400 400 300 300 200

200

100

100 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



France 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 259.99 276.66 325.14 Coal and Peat 41.77 46.99 28.87 Oil 173.81 154.59 124.38 Gas 19.37 30.91 37.18 Comb. Renew/Waste 13.98 12.35 16.50 Nuclear 5.49 22.80 116.93 Hydro 5.86 8.54 6.61 Geothermal 0.00 0.02 0.16 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.07 0.07 0.10 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.35 0.40 -5.58 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

368.87 21.49 124.46 51.08 17.28 154.56 8.25 0.18 0.10 -8.54 -

394.57 20.43 130.80 58.66 17.22 168.10 6.36 0.19 0.22 -7.41 -

389.52 18.85 129.58 56.59 17.26 167.60 6.86 0.19 0.37 -7.78 -

383.36 19.05 126.22 54.85 18.55 163.71 7.15 0.19 0.61 -6.98 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.32 -2.15 -1.95 3.91 0.98 19.71 0.71 28.87 2.11 17.60 -

1.14 -2.63 0.26 2.66 0.28 2.28 0.23 1.02 8.64 2.10 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

1468 0.27 63.2 6.16 95.5 79.3 101.0 569 102.9

1497 0.26 63.0 6.08 92.2 78.7 .. 564 104.5


1.87 -0.72 0.52 0.61 -0.72 -4.42 0.35 1.96 1.09



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

4.80 14.14 1.17 -

4.23 13.78 1.10 -

1.80 8.55 1.43 -

3.37 0.17 -

0.55 -

0.40 -

0.34 -

-7.86 -4.11 1.68 -

-17.40 -

Mt: Coking Coal 4.66 4.11 1.82 Steam Coal 16.50 16.08 9.38 3.80 0.62 0.45 0.38 Brown Coal 2.73 2.56 2.33 0.30 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-7.54 -4.60 -1.30 -

-17.27 -




France 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

205.83 18.67 139.85 15.95 12.73 0.00 18.26 0.37

204.54 12.23 127.50 27.59 11.16 0.02 0.01 25.69 0.34

209.16 10.74 111.70 34.17 14.55 0.16 0.03 37.13 0.68

241.55 6.11 122.82 45.91 14.60 0.18 0.02 47.29 4.62

251.09 5.07 124.34 49.23 14.38 0.19 0.03 51.96 5.89

250.33 5.45 122.41 49.35 14.67 0.19 0.03 52.27 5.97

248.50 5.65 121.68 47.70 14.80 0.19 0.04 52.82 5.64

0.09 -3.20 -1.31 4.58 0.79 28.87 4.26 3.69

1.08 -3.94 0.54 2.11 0.10 1.02 2.04 2.23 14.12


59.55 10.24 31.22 6.10 1.67 10.32 -

58.87 7.66 27.53 10.35 1.61 11.72 -

47.00 8.37 9.36 13.12 2.05 14.09 -

49.32 5.20 7.86 17.64 2.08 16.54 -

50.27 4.49 9.16 17.35 2.12 17.14 -

46.97 4.92 9.01 13.88 2.21 16.95 -

46.67 5.14 8.99 13.24 2.24 17.06 -

-1.38 -1.18 -6.84 4.62 1.20 1.85 -

-0.04 -3.00 -0.25 0.05 0.55 1.21 -


37.95 0.09 37.05 0.02

46.01 0.03 45.12 0.01

59.43 58.34 0.00

72.30 70.38 0.00

72.75 70.66 0.06

72.05 69.91 0.07

72.64 70.02 0.09

2.67 2.71 -23.40

1.26 1.15 45.70


0.79 30.57 8.34 2.61 5.00

0.85 32.28 4.54 2.99 7.75

1.09 52.08 2.37 e 15.84 9.41

0.48 1.44 60.58 0.90 14.11 18.08 e

0.50 1.52 65.94 0.58 14.85 21.09

0.57 1.50 65.10 0.52 14.29 20.64

1.02 1.52 63.79 0.51 13.32 20.87

1.95 3.18 -7.12 11.19 3.79

2.07 1.28 -9.18 -1.08 5.11


10.92 0.00 3.71 52.32 46.32 2.70

9.41 0.01 0.01 7.56 43.15 31.67 6.13

12.38 0.15 0.03 11.91 25.91 7.38 8.72

11.47 0.17 0.02 15.81 26.40 6.66 6.45 e

11.19 0.13 0.03 18.07 30.11 7.25 7.82

11.18 0.13 0.03 18.31 30.55 7.04 7.97

10.88 0.13 0.04 18.06 29.91 6.64 7.06

0.74 28.81 7.11 -4.05 -10.24 7.14

-0.80 -0.97 1.51 2.64 0.90 -0.65 -1.31

0.51 12.78 22.89 19.57 3.32

0.51 0.04 14.49 20.43 17.98 2.45

0.66 0.04 14.84 20.42 17.84 2.57

0.60 0.04 0.00 15.55 20.84 18.52 2.32

6.58 -0.64 -0.92 1.43

14.57 2.96 0.67 0.92 -1.00


of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.07 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 3.30 5.36 9.75 Heat Non-Energy Use 20.86 19.16 18.72 Coal and Peat Oil 18.72 15.99 16.00 Gas 2.14 3.17 2.72 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



France 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


25.8 15.4 -1.9 2.4

19.1 30.1 -1.2 -1.0

11.8 19.5 -0.9 -1.5

3.5 19.3 -0.8 -0.6

0.5 20.2 -0.9 0.6

0.4 20.6 -0.8 -1.3

0.3 18.6 -1.0 1.1

-4.5 1.4 -4.1 x

-19.0 0.3 -0.9 x

Primary Supply

41.8

47.0

28.9

21.5

20.4

18.9

19.1

-2.1

-2.6


2.0

-0.0

-0.3

0.2

0.1

0.3

..

x

x


-22.1 e

-31.9 e

-16.8 e

-14.8 e

-14.4 e

-12.9 e

..

-1.6

-1.6


-14.8 -14.8 -

-24.4 -16.9 -7.5

-12.0 -6.9 -5.1

-10.7 -9.2 -1.4

-10.3 -8.9 -1.4

-8.9 -7.6 -1.3

.. .. ..

-1.2 -4.4 -

-1.9 0.6 -8.2

-0.2

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-7.1 e -6.3 e -1.3 0.4

-7.4 e -6.3 e -1.5 0.3

-4.7 e -3.8 e -1.1 0.2

-4.1 e -3.6 e -0.5 0.0

-4.1 e -3.2 e -0.8 0.0

-4.0 e -3.4 e -0.6 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.3 -2.8 -0.8 -3.9

-1.1 -0.8 -3.6 -19.6


(2)



Industry sector


(7)


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.5

-2.7

-0.9

-0.8

-0.6

-0.7

..

-6.1

-1.6

-0.5

-0.2

-0.2

-0.1

-

-

..

x

x

18.7

12.2

10.7

6.1

5.4

5.6

..

-3.2

-3.9

8.4 4.8 e 1.0 e 1.0 e 0.4 e

5.2 2.8 e c 0.2 e 0.1 e

4.9 3.0 e 0.7 0.3 0.2

5.1 3.3 e 0.6 0.3 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.2 -1.5 -0.9 4.3 5.6

-3.0 -2.3 -2.9 -6.2 -6.7

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.9 0.9

0.5 0.5

0.5 0.5

.. .. ..

-7.1 -7.1

-9.2 -9.2

-

-

-

..

-

-

10.2 6.2 1.2 0.5 0.2

7.7 4.6 e 0.8 0.6 0.1

0.1

0.0

-

8.3 8.3

4.5 4.5

2.4 2.4 e


-




France 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


31.60 22.16 16.75 5.41 2.09 2.91 1.47 0.38 0.15 0.04 0.87 3.09 -

33.51 24.49 18.58 5.91 1.72 3.35 1.10 0.53 0.62 0.07 1.03 2.67 -

19.12 11.03 7.00 4.03 0.38 1.09 4.68 1.63 0.81 0.99 0.49 0.76 1.65 -

15.26 10.16 9.22 0.94 0.11 2.03 2.46 0.43 0.20 0.16 1.67 0.70 -

13.80 9.13 8.25 0.89 0.04 2.10 1.90 0.43 0.46 0.25 0.20 0.56 0.54 -

14.92 10.31 9.35 0.97 0.03 2.37 2.39 0.56 0.62 0.27 0.19 0.76 0.48 -

13.08 8.62 7.81 0.81 0.02 2.52 2.48 0.67 0.57 0.32 0.17 0.76 0.48 -

-4.10 -5.65 -7.01 -2.43 -13.19 4.04 0.88 6.50 17.02 22.74 -1.14 -5.10 -

-2.34 -1.53 0.69 -9.55 -16.12 5.41 -3.89 -5.41 -2.22 -6.90 -6.55 0.04 -7.42 -

12.98 12.98 -

14.57 14.57 -

9.67 9.52 -

6.54 6.54 -

6.75 5.87 -

6.22 5.85 -

5.99 5.88 -

-2.42 -2.55 -

-2.95 -2.97 -

2.62 2.57 2.09 2.34 2.36 1.84 1.17 0.98 0.59 1.17 1.38 1.25 0.20 0.16 0.23 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.15 0.14 0.07 0.05 0.08 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.36 0.27 0.27 0.05 0.05 0.04 -

0.04 0.04 0.04 -

0.04 0.04 0.04 -

0.04 0.04 0.04 -

-1.85 -1.97 -5.51 0.55 1.17 20.31 -2.59 0.80 -

-22.43 -10.79 -7.90 -





France 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

56.31 .. ..

57.35 .. ..

41.98 .. ..

47.85 .. ..

71.64 .. ..

84.57 .. ..

82.25 .. ..

93.81 .. ..

61.82 51.84 66.80 .. 76.57

107.40 58.46 131.05 .. 137.04

128.20 62.62 97.93 .. 128.49

105.48 45.43 128.55 140.36 138.50

130.49 59.67 150.25 163.78 188.04

.. 72.00 155.40 166.92 203.92

.. 106.27 217.27 232.51 256.81

.. 128.98 257.57 267.44 320.57

.. 119.94 292.82 302.85 322.09



.. .. ..

32.17 .. ..

42.23 .. ..

40.41 .. ..

37.57 .. ..

51.16 .. ..

60.40 .. ..

58.16 .. ..

60.75 .. ..


94.40 54.09 113.21 .. 137.11

101.53 51.29 194.27 212.12 193.21

102.45 54.96 185.22 201.89 213.96

.. 60.32 174.25 187.16 211.06

.. 89.03 243.61 260.70 265.79

.. 106.98 285.93 296.89 328.49

.. 91.12 297.74 307.93 302.30

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

15.42 11.67 .. .. 3.75

30.11 27.00 10.75 16.25 0.00 3.11

19.50 18.22 8.17 10.05 0.04 1.24

19.34 17.84 6.81 11.03 0.03 1.47

17.28 15.73 5.80 9.93 0.02 1.53

19.64 18.31 7.07 11.23 0.02 1.31

20.18 18.57 6.51 12.06 0.02 1.59

20.56 19.01 6.25 12.76 0.02 1.53

18.58 17.41 5.58 11.82 0.03 1.14

Total Exports 1.86 1.22 0.92 0.77 0.48 0.90 0.88 Hard Coal 0.82 0.37 0.53 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.27 Coking Coal .. 0.05 0.05 0.03 Steam Coal .. 0.37 0.53 0.08 0.03 0.04 0.23 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.03 0.84 0.39 0.69 0.40 0.81 0.61 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.80 0.13 0.02 0.11 0.67

0.96 0.20 0.05 0.15 0.76





France 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

23441

29410

19389

18980

16768

19460

19851

20391

18693

8316 987 4364 1311 1 1462 -

10456 1093 18 4225 816 18 3742 -

7848 2071 637 817 254 4019 50

6543 2818 577 182 2667 1

5577 3341 250 147 1778 5

6798 4047 365 340 1992 15

6255 3800 421 263 3 1627 80

6005 3896 371 1 1680 26

5364 3247 468 1546 25

191 -

544 -

-

130 154 14 -

11 45 -

13 24 2

61 -

29 2

78 -

15125 785 2217 3441 891 36 98

18954 557 1185 2634 1442 3600 10

11541 1480 50 718 141 311 2586 222

12437 1022 98 881 61 425 1125

11191 1186 56 555 70 331 554

12662 1968 55 493 55 218 492

13596 1509 70 55 1451 35 301 1149

14386 1831 103 64 927 33 330 1216

13329 2011 115 47 375 67 313 1872


83 8596 780 67

1776 2033 863 777 560 24

524 1043 6 5694 383 935 140 100

394 2331 728 3984 325 3 427 229 18

274 2852 610 3932 740 74 450 231 218

15 2455 245 4225 905 542 100 539

17 2205 584 4236 1124 35 460 150 1071

263 1800 36 3971 1031 1 477 157 793





France 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

449

430

585

89

38

49

262

122

165

443 51 264 8 17 53 8 42 -

380 10 40 300 20 10 -

573 8 15 343 36 56 2 95 1 10 6 1 -

88 5 75 1 7 -

38 9 6 16 1 6 -

49 49 -

262 16 1 245 -

121 36 1 84 -

164 60 4 1 99 -

1 1

-

11 11 -

-

-

-

-

-

-


50

1

1

-

-

-

1

1





France 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

54.95

65.14

61.82

60.26

62.05

75.46

109.69

133.48

124.63

53.97 57.16 .. 58.89 55.33 .. .. 48.51 ..

65.23 64.81 .. 65.24 64.95 64.53 .. 66.18 ..

60.65 62.14 .. 67.65 62.68 52.07 .. 53.98 ..

58.95 57.04 .. 62.00 65.17 70.91 .. 39.85 63.66

59.70 59.71 .. 56.25 67.73 .. .. 52.36 ..

68.13 76.85 .. 76.89 86.10 .. .. 33.73 135.05

115.61 117.56 .. .. 107.04 .. .. .. ..

136.73 140.74 .. .. 121.01 .. .. .. ..

125.44 134.95 .. .. 116.61 .. .. .. 118.36

43.58 50.42 49.29 42.59 42.63 64.08 75.23 Imports from: Australia 41.19 47.89 50.95 43.39 43.11 55.37 79.28 Canada 50.25 62.44 42.97 50.20 .. .. 121.47 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 48.40 46.61 34.06 39.36 31.86 76.61 83.83 United States 47.80 48.77 50.21 37.04 34.07 46.61 75.04 China 40.46 48.79 36.52 .. .. .. .. Colombia 39.19 49.99 46.98 44.86 45.37 65.24 77.69 South Africa .. .. 45.55 36.09 38.27 55.00 70.02 Former USSR(2) 41.72 44.72 47.86 36.91 41.68 75.88 71.20 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

72.92

84.49

80.63 57.30 .. 157.73 80.70 .. 81.95 68.11 68.26

72.97 146.11 .. 163.83 92.02 .. 84.63 76.34 77.92

Coking Coal

(1)





Germany* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


600

120

500

100

400

80

300

60

200

40

100

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971


200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

700



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

250

0 1971

1977


0 1971


600




1000

500 800 400 600 300 400

200

200

100 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Germany 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


TPES (Mtce) 482.23 514.21 508.07 Coal and Peat 199.10 201.47 183.63 Oil 230.81 209.48 179.84 Gas 40.96 73.12 78.56 Comb. Renew/Waste 3.57 6.22 6.85 Nuclear 4.51 20.71 56.91 Hydro 1.87 2.34 2.14 Geothermal 0.01 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Net Electricity trade(1) 1.42 0.88 0.11 Heat(2) -0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

490.23 121.18 187.52 102.62 11.23 63.14 2.67 0.18 1.31 0.38 -0.00

493.25 116.69 175.93 115.48 18.54 60.70 2.41 0.21 3.85 -0.56 -0.01

497.94 117.52 176.50 113.53 23.05 62.27 2.45 0.26 4.45 -2.09 -0.01

478.27 124.12 159.83 109.46 26.03 52.32 2.49 0.31 5.74 -2.01 -0.01

0.31 -0.47 -1.46 3.91 3.90 16.09 0.79 -13.78 -

2006

2007e


2011 0.25 82.4 6.05 96.0 91.6 102.8 629 112.2

2061 0.23 82.4 5.81 89.9 94.4 .. 629 119.0

1973

1980

-0.13 -2.75 -0.12 2.33 7.88 0.56 0.84 22.55 38.33 1.43



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2.36 -2.00 0.03 0.28 -2.00 -2.77 -0.13 2.26 1.56

1.67 -1.77 0.23 -0.36 -1.77 -4.35 -0.75 0.87 1.34



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

51.64 34.97 106.08 -

55.43 35.43 113.63 -

44.06 27.23 102.55 0.12

18.66 15.86 52.05 0.04

15.01 10.75 54.89 0.04

12.98 9.02 54.22 0.03

13.61 8.84 55.48 -

-1.32 -2.06 -0.28 -

-7.36 -6.68 -3.90 -8.59

Mt: Coking Coal 52.24 56.04 44.58 18.86 15.17 13.11 13.75 Steam Coal 37.95 38.46 31.98 18.51 12.85 10.65 10.43 Brown Coal 377.89 389.73 357.47 167.69 177.91 176.32 180.41 Peat 0.43 0.15 0.13 0.10 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-1.31 -1.42 -0.46 -

-7.36 -6.64 -4.32 -8.59




Germany 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

349.40 75.92 194.52 30.18 2.50 38.44 7.84

359.19 66.96 179.22 51.16 2.72 48.14 10.99

350.33 53.23 165.23 58.62 4.25 0.01 0.02 55.91 13.07

339.91 12.77 172.20 78.74 6.72 0.18 0.16 59.40 9.76

357.78 12.18 162.10 87.15 9.10 0.18 0.31 63.85 22.91

356.08 12.16 158.04 84.70 11.02 0.18 0.35 64.00 25.62

362.24 12.42 159.70 85.48 13.99 0.22 0.40 64.60 25.43

0.02 -2.07 -0.96 3.98 3.17 2.23 3.05

0.21 -8.69 -0.21 2.39 7.73 21.28 22.37 0.91 4.25

126.06 37.81 46.15 17.87 0.04 21.91 2.27

112.62 35.06 25.59 24.59 0.04 24.52 2.82

94.52 28.34 10.10 24.91 1.13 26.60 3.44

73.33 10.54 7.35 27.52 0.65 26.00 1.29

81.11 10.11 5.66 25.06 1.16 27.99 11.13

81.47 10.58 5.40 24.64 1.36 28.42 11.08

81.39 10.64 5.55 24.65 1.47 28.18 10.90

-1.68 -1.68 -8.55 1.97 21.74 1.15 2.47

-0.93 -5.94 -3.68 -0.07 1.63 0.36 7.48


55.71 2.46 52.03 -

67.10 0.36 65.19 0.09

84.15 0.02 82.44 -

94.19 0.01 91.91 -

90.31 86.93 -

88.78 84.01 -

90.44 83.49 -

2.46 -24.22 2.74 -

0.45 0.08 -


1.21 86.85 20.44 48.19 1.59

1.47 78.39 17.27 35.76 1.79

1.68 89.96 13.89 25.84 20.63

0.32 1.95 93.14 1.31 27.83 33.48 e

1.39 1.99 90.56 0.96 e 24.80 40.54 e

2.78 1.99 91.49 0.67 24.62 41.46

4.95 2.00 93.54 0.86 25.98 41.15

1.94 0.21 -2.25 -3.60 16.26

1.11 0.24 -15.97 0.03 4.41


1.41 9.65 5.57 39.17 9.31 22.98 0.90

1.28 14.13 8.17 40.70 9.73 21.38 1.03

3.11 0.01 0.01 e 16.84 9.63 40.51 8.11 15.04 7.45

5.75 0.18 0.08 16.03 8.47 33.25 0.44 10.02 8.29

6.55 0.18 0.29 17.25 36.51 0.83 e 9.32 10.75 e

6.88 0.18 0.33 17.36 35.49 0.56 9.25 10.44

7.57 0.22 0.39 17.38 36.74 0.51 9.77 10.44

4.77 3.33 3.27 0.20 -0.81 -2.46 13.21

5.70 21.28 25.39 0.20 -0.61 -15.90 -2.66 2.13

0.02 15.60 36.12 0.22 32.84 3.07

0.02 15.22 35.71 0.32 32.33 3.07

0.02 16.01 35.95 0.38 32.50 3.07

4.20 1.70 -5.62 2.00 6.32

3.04 0.58 -6.89 0.86 -0.30



Comb. Renew/Waste 1.05 1.41 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 4.92 7.15 9.91 Heat Non-Energy Use 24.61 32.80 32.78 Coal and Peat 3.21 2.22 1.20 Oil 20.27 26.76 28.36 Gas 1.14 3.82 3.22 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

14.49 35.81 0.39 32.35 3.07

e e e

e



Germany 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


202.0 21.8 -26.1 1.5

204.5 20.6 -22.5 -1.1

174.0 16.4 -11.7 4.9

86.6 31.7 -0.8 3.6

80.7 37.6 -0.9 -0.7

76.2 42.5 -1.0 -0.3

77.9 47.3 -1.2 0.0

-0.9 -1.6 -4.6 x

-5.0 6.1 -14.3 x

Primary Supply

199.1

201.5

183.6

121.2

116.7

117.5

124.1

-0.5

-2.8


0.4

0.2

0.6

0.4

1.0

2.5

..

x

x


-115.6 e

-129.1 e

-127.3 e

-106.6 e

-103.5 e

-105.6 e

..

0.6

-1.2


-104.1 -99.8 -4.3

-115.8 -94.1 -21.6

-115.4 e -98.5 e -16.9 e

-98.8 e -91.5 e -7.3

-3.5

-2.1

-1.5

-11.2 e 1.2 -10.1 e -2.5 0.2

-10.5 e -1.4 -8.0 e -1.2 0.2


Coal Transformation


-8.0 e 1.9 -9.2 e -0.9 0.3

-97.2 -91.1 -6.1

-99.4 -92.9 -6.5

.. .. ..

0.6 -0.1 8.4

-0.9 -0.4 -5.8

-

-

-

..

-5.0

-

-7.8 e -0.2 -7.9 e 0.2 0.0

-6.3 e -0.1 -6.3 e 0.1 0.0

-6.2 e -0.1 -6.1 e 0.0 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

1.6 -0.8 1.5 -3.6

-3.2 -17.2 -1.7 -17.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-6.6

-4.9

-3.4

-1.7

-1.5

-1.4

..

-3.9

-5.2

-1.3

-0.7

-0.3

-0.5

-0.5

-0.6

..

x

x

75.9

67.0

53.2

12.8

12.2

12.4

..

-2.1

-8.7

37.8 13.3 e 9.2 1.6 1.2

35.1 10.4 e 8.3 2.9 1.3

28.3 7.8 e 6.3 3.3 1.3

10.5 5.6 e 0.6 2.8 0.5

10.6 6.0 e 0.9 1.9 0.5

10.6 6.4 e 1.0 1.9 0.6

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.7 -3.1 -2.2 4.5 0.3

-5.9 -1.2 -11.2 -3.5 -4.9

2.5

0.4

0.0

0.0

-

-

..

-24.2

-

32.4 9.3 20.4

29.3 9.7 17.3

23.7 8.1 13.9

1.8 0.4 1.3

1.3 0.6 0.7

1.4 0.5 0.9

.. .. ..

-1.8 -0.8 -2.2

-16.2 -15.9 -16.0


0.4

0.3

0.4

..

-5.6

-6.9



Industry sector


(7)





Germany 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

45.08 34.59 21.05 13.55 1.46 5.15 0.25 1.88 0.48 0.28 2.26 2.00 -

46.09 34.40 21.47 12.93 1.43 6.56 0.13 2.38 0.95 0.34 2.75 2.15 -

44.75 33.78 26.06 7.73 0.78 1.73 6.53 2.57 1.64 0.56 1.76 0.71 0.01

44.50 38.77 35.67 3.10 0.15 2.53 2.44 0.21 0.27 1.35 0.43 0.19 0.29 -

44.26 39.06 34.64 4.42 0.10 2.64 2.76 0.97 0.24 0.64 0.38 0.53 0.86 -

41.76 35.38 32.74 2.65 0.09 2.77 3.34 1.41 0.70 0.34 0.47 0.43 0.57 0.06

43.85 38.63 35.77 2.86 0.09 2.98 3.33 1.61 0.68 0.33 0.51 0.21 0.49 0.05

-0.06 -0.20 1.79 -4.57 -5.14 2.00 2.66 10.75 5.92 -2.05 -8.24 -

-0.13 0.84 2.00 -6.02 -12.36 3.45 -4.13 -8.01 -9.55 -0.66 -12.44 -2.32 11.99

41.88 6.58 5.70 0.88 34.30 1.01 -

50.29 10.68 9.49 1.19 38.74 0.87 -

42.22 18.12 14.24 3.88 24.09 -

24.46 13.04 10.17 2.87 11.42 -

23.67 13.38 11.37 2.01 10.29 -

22.19 12.02 10.73 1.28 10.18 -

21.69 11.32 9.95 1.38 10.37 -

0.07 8.81 7.93 13.17 -2.90 -

-4.08 -2.90 -2.22 -6.26 -5.13 -

383.17 391.75 364.05 224.46 227.69 227.90 210.89 211.91 209.11 13.57 15.78 18.79 130.03 134.86 104.92 0.02 0.17 0.14 20.55 21.77 20.36 0.24 0.36 0.76 10.63 11.28 7.55 0.13 0.15 0.49 0.88 0.88 0.60 8.66 9.10 10.96 2.36 4.25 7.87 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

169.94 157.39 155.39 2.00 11.36 0.45 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.05 0.02

181.95 169.40 167.48 1.92 11.20 0.34 0.16 0.01 0.04 0.14 0.03 0.03

177.89 165.28 163.32 1.95 11.31 0.37 0.18 0.01 0.03 0.15 0.02 0.04

176.38 162.94 161.12 1.83 11.97 0.56 0.15 0.01 0.40 0.04

-0.43 0.13 -0.07 2.75 -1.77 18.25 -0.08 10.07 -2.81 11.48 -3.20 1.98 10.58 -

-4.43 -2.08 -1.62 -13.56 -12.69 -20.11 -21.63 -23.32 -18.68 -





Germany 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


83.97 74.14 60.70

100.08 141.13 98.58

141.95 104.43 122.96

42.94 119.49 119.34

50.64 142.45 ..

70.87 144.45 ..

80.73 205.66 ..

78.92 252.91 ..

.. 266.07 ..

98.52 62.91 74.07 .. 83.25

120.31 71.78 133.23 .. 122.13

185.76 63.02 102.27 .. 145.88

.. c .. 123.70 146.16

.. c .. 150.33 ..

.. c .. 155.10 ..

.. c .. 216.35 ..

.. c .. 265.21 ..

.. c .. 281.38 ..



85.18 106.60 80.15

91.83 183.55 117.75

115.81 120.76 130.58

46.02 181.50 166.48

44.27 176.49 ..

56.35 162.80 ..

64.19 231.78 ..

62.13 282.20 ..

.. 271.93 ..


153.44 51.68 118.26 .. 154.92

.. c .. 187.90 203.90

.. c .. 186.26 ..

.. c .. 174.80 ..

.. c .. 243.83 ..

.. c .. 295.93 ..

.. c .. 287.58 ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

21.76 14.76 .. .. 1.74 5.27

20.63 15.09 2.99 12.10 0.62 4.92

16.43 12.43 1.69 10.75 1.06 2.94

31.74 24.84 4.56 20.28 0.91 5.99

36.71 31.50 5.45 26.05 0.01 5.20

40.39 36.00 7.09 28.91 0.00 4.39

37.64 33.86 7.36 26.50 0.00 3.78

42.54 38.81 8.98 29.83 0.02 3.71

47.33 42.65 9.95 32.71 0.01 4.67

Total Exports 26.14 22.53 11.65 0.80 0.80 0.82 0.91 Hard Coal 13.58 12.25 5.59 0.29 0.20 0.19 0.26 Coking Coal .. 8.52 3.96 0.00 Steam Coal .. 3.73 1.63 0.28 0.20 0.19 0.26 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Peat 0.12 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 Coal Products(1) 12.56 10.28 5.89 0.47 0.56 0.59 0.61 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.00 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.03 0.76

1.15 0.32 0.32 0.00 0.83





Germany 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

12865

16155

13580

27948

34917

39536

37105

42132

46287

2435 48 553 89

3019 48 1050 158

1706 58 25 28 116 48 2

4608 3414 865 50 257 19

5504 3072 1496 59 370 -

6875 3232 611 25 534 -

7152 3403 1485 832 1135 -

8692 3985 1666 2 962 1640 10

9627 4778 1663 1036 1802 -

20 1725

56 1707

177 1252

2 1 -

275 102 130 -

1881 184 147 87 174

132 90 49 26

176 64 103 84

114 150 70 14

10430 763 428 152 2041 554 399 637

13136 578 449 146 1918 1354 1218 822

11874 1094 45 248 2583 284 689 637

23340 301 1061 6744 37 432 1236

29413 1934 865 6780 381 644

32661 764 305 7482 4 432 139

29953 768 172 12 7924 132 64

33440 763 13 8224 418 74

36660 848 97 10 5638 1463 -


209 1492 143 4807

8 128 38 4512 157 1451

67 2719 149 4577 937 341 114 4625

178 5900 405 8950 2526 131 719

3534 9157 5744 5100

2937 8215 7497 2232

4008 8506 8609 2825

5809 7539 8907 6349





Germany 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

13354

8617

4002

3

-

-

-

-

-

12335 213 1897 5020 2480 375 286 975 447 234 18 89 198 103

8287 73 786 4198 2527 1 682 20 -

3902 717 1443 859 465 415 3 -

3 1 1 1 -

-

-

-

-

-

1019 15 520 5 479

330 115 166 49

100 100 -

-

-

-

-

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-





Germany 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

5737

4049

1510

276

195

184

255

199

310

5381 15 2123 944 1574 7 32 14 467 18 6 38 60 32 51 -

3662 17 1380 257 1056 17 74 638 30 1 118 74 -

1186 6 678 3 81 5 28 1 48 45 1 42 5 38 205 -

275 98 82 75 1 6 3 3 1 5 1 -

193 24 67 72 2 5 3 8 8 4 -

170 32 62 2 66 1 4 3 -

246 9 78 2 1 74 3 75 2 1 1 -

191 22 71 87 2 1 2 6 -

302 55 72 4 111 1 1 45 1 5 2 5 -

53 53

90 12 4 1 73

324 5 3 316

-

1 1

10 1 9

7 5 1 1

1 1 -

7 3 2 2


297

-

1

1

4

2

7

1





Germany 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

53.79

63.76

67.24

59.53

64.00

74.74

113.48

135.72

133.45

54.60 49.91 .. 52.76 61.21 .. .. .. 51.84

55.97 60.33 66.67 66.68 60.93 .. 96.62 .. 65.10

67.69 62.38 78.37 57.59 73.55 .. .. .. ..

64.44 65.05 .. 50.22 .. .. .. .. 53.36

61.65 59.49 .. 51.57 51.76 .. .. .. 40.01

69.21 72.40 .. 131.53 80.27 .. .. .. 76.11

104.77 110.62 .. 157.75 120.72 538.07 .. .. 89.56

140.44 153.08 .. 117.59 126.39 .. .. .. 85.79

132.39 137.52 .. 147.19 131.66 .. .. .. 81.15

48.43 57.87 53.53 36.80 39.00 61.22 72.48 Imports from: Australia 44.72 62.06 51.00 37.34 37.33 62.45 .. Canada 59.78 66.66 88.38 1819.08 .. .. .. Czech Republic 53.15 63.93 64.04 48.71 47.93 67.98 85.54 Poland 47.32 62.25 46.86 38.29 39.00 67.44 73.74 United States 59.63 55.69 50.00 36.66 39.71 41.45 73.70 China 43.60 73.16 33.06 39.46 44.76 48.23 85.99 Colombia 34.92 61.65 45.24 38.39 38.18 64.48 69.49 South Africa 36.94 47.20 46.38 33.87 38.45 51.47 67.69 Former USSR(2) 34.09 47.72 41.35 34.20 38.34 63.89 68.13 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

70.12

81.49

105.93 .. 89.31 73.56 69.53 .. 68.68 67.61 65.11

64.73 116.92 90.41 91.16 98.66 228.55 76.67 75.05 76.21

Coking Coal

(1)





Greece* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


50

500

45

450

40

400

35

350

30

300

25

250

20

200

15

150

10

100

5

50

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


14

16

12

14 12

10

10 8 8 6 6 4

4

2 0 1971

70

2

1977



0 1971




2006


90

60

80 50

70

40

60 50

30

40 30

20

20 10 10 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Greece 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 17.69 22.48 Coal and Peat 3.01 4.66 Oil 13.76 16.68 Gas Comb. Renew/Waste 0.64 0.64 Nuclear Hydro 0.27 0.42 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 0.08 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

31.76 11.52 18.37 0.20 1.28 0.22 0.00 0.08 0.09 -

39.86 12.91 22.42 2.43 1.44 0.45 0.00 0.20 -0.00 -

44.32 12.79 25.33 3.36 1.45 0.62 0.01 0.30 0.46 -

44.46 11.99 25.48 3.92 1.45 0.72 0.02 0.36 0.52 -

44.02 11.91 24.21 4.91 1.54 0.36 0.02 0.38 0.69 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.50 8.23 1.71 4.12 -1.33 17.63 -

2.12 0.25 2.06 20.55 0.80 7.78 9.69 9.87 11.74 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

164 0.27 11.1 3.99 86.4 72.0 94.3 60 100.1

171 0.26 11.2 3.94 82.3 68.8 .. 63 102.1

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.59 1.88 0.76 2.72 1.88 6.53 3.22 5.15 2.29

3.09 -0.93 0.47 1.64 -0.93 -2.75 0.79 3.49 1.16



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

3.97 -

4.22 -

10.17 -

11.75 -

12.20 -

11.62 -

11.61 -

8.16 -

0.84 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal 21.82 23.20 51.90 63.89 69.40 64.52 64.43 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

7.49 -

1.37 -




Greece 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

13.00 0.74 10.05 0.00 0.64 1.56 -

16.36 0.67 12.61 0.00 0.64 2.45 -

21.83 1.72 15.10 0.16 1.28 0.00 0.08 3.50 -

27.53 1.25 18.90 0.54 1.35 0.00 0.14 5.30 0.04

30.27 0.80 20.97 0.85 1.32 0.01 0.15 6.11 0.06

30.81 0.63 21.30 1.02 1.37 0.01 0.14 6.25 0.07

31.87 0.57 22.02 1.17 1.40 0.02 0.16 6.45 0.08

3.10 5.08 2.42 24.99 4.12 4.86 -

2.39 -6.64 2.39 13.26 0.59 9.69 4.21 3.90 -


4.19 0.53 2.75 0.00 0.91 -

5.52 0.45 3.78 0.00 1.29 -

5.69 1.51 2.40 0.01 0.27 1.49 -

6.34 1.22 2.78 0.35 0.33 1.66 -

5.79 0.79 2.45 0.53 0.30 0.00 1.72 -

5.92 0.62 2.57 0.61 0.35 0.00 1.77 -

6.02 0.57 2.77 0.64 0.31 0.00 1.74 -

1.81 6.35 -0.80 21.42 2.97 -

0.35 -5.97 0.89 29.00 0.84 0.98 -


3.77 0.02 3.74 -

5.63 0.00 5.62 -

8.33 0.00 8.31 -

10.30 10.28 -

11.40 11.35 0.02

11.55 11.51 0.02

12.07 11.96 0.02

4.78 -17.43 4.81 -

2.35 2.30 -


0.01 2.80 0.06 1.72 0.00

0.01 2.84 0.06 1.44 0.00

0.02 4.35 0.03 2.12 0.00

0.03 6.40 0.03 3.44 0.01

0.03 7.71 0.01 4.36 0.05

0.02 7.85 0.01 4.44 0.10

0.06 0.03 7.84 0.00 4.23 0.20

5.92 2.63 -4.19 1.25 4.03

3.51 3.75 -15.56 4.40 29.95


0.64 0.38 0.25 0.00

0.64 0.69 0.40 0.00

1.00 0.08 1.11 0.93 0.00 0.23 0.01

1.00 0.14 1.75 0.04 1.87 0.35 0.01

1.00 0.01 0.15 2.07 0.06 2.54 0.52 0.06

1.00 0.01 0.14 2.07 0.07 2.77 0.63 0.11

1.00 0.01 0.15 2.17 0.08 2.96 0.64 0.13

2.65 6.58 7.96 9.17

4.15 4.26 7.52 6.70 19.53

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Electricity 0.25 0.40 0.69 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.76 0.71 1.00 Coal and Peat 0.12 0.15 0.17 Oil 0.64 0.56 0.70 Gas 0.14 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.00 1.51 1.03 0.85 0.17

0.01 0.00 1.95 1.26 1.07 0.19

0.01 0.00 2.02 1.09 0.90 0.18

0.01 0.00 2.18 1.30 1.11 0.19

6.12 1.63 1.77 0.52 -

7.82 7.47 1.63 2.96 1.85


of which:



Greece 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


2.4 0.7 -0.0 -0.1

4.2 0.5 -0.1

10.2 1.3 0.0

11.7 1.2 -0.1 0.1

12.2 0.6 -0.0 0.1

11.6 0.3 -0.0 0.0

11.6 0.2 -0.0 0.1

8.8 4.0 x

0.8 -8.1 x

Primary Supply

3.0

4.7

11.5

12.9

12.8

12.0

11.9

8.2

0.2


-0.0

-0.0

0.1

0.1

0.3

-0.0

..

x

x


-2.1 e

-3.9 e

-9.9

-11.8

-12.5

-11.4

..

9.5

0.9


-2.0 -2.0 -

-3.8 -3.8 -

-9.8 -9.8 -

-11.8 -11.8 -

-12.4 -12.4 -

-11.3 -11.3 -

.. .. ..

9.8 9.8 -

0.9 0.9 -

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1 e 0.0 -0.1 e 0.0 -

-0.1 e 0.0 -0.1 e -0.1 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-6.3 -

-1.3 -1.3 -


(2)


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.7

0.7

1.7

1.3

0.6

0.6

..

5.1

-6.6


0.5 0.2 e 0.0 0.0 -

0.5 0.2 e 0.0 0.0 -

1.5 0.1 1.2 -

1.2 1.0 -

0.6 0.4 -

0.6 0.3 -

.. .. .. .. ..

6.3 5.6 36.6 -

-6.0 -7.8 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

..

-17.4

-

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-2.9 -4.2

-9.5 -15.6


-

-

-

..

1.8

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Greece 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

0.15 0.02 0.13 0.13 0.00 -

0.16 0.02 0.14 0.14 0.00 -

1.38 1.38 1.29 0.09 0.00 -

1.12 0.01 0.01 1.12 1.05 0.07 -

0.78 0.77 0.63 0.15 0.00 -

0.56 0.56 0.43 0.13 0.00 -

0.46 0.46 0.37 0.09 0.00 -

20.18 21.66 -3.54 -8.75 -

-6.60 -6.61 -7.52 0.43 4.43 -

0.21 0.21 -

0.38 0.38 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

21.74 22.69 52.05 19.83 20.63 50.53 19.83 20.63 50.53 0.66 0.65 0.35 0.36 0.47 0.52 0.21 0.23 0.20 0.02 0.16 0.25 0.30 0.06 Non-energy use 0.83 0.82 0.58 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

64.56 63.86 63.86 0.24 0.38 0.00 0.38 0.03 -

70.86 70.23 70.23 0.42 0.20 0.20 0.00 -

70.10 69.43 69.43 0.41 0.22 0.22 0.01 -

64.33 63.69 63.69 0.27 0.35 0.35 0.00 -

7.55 8.11 8.11 -5.14 2.96 -0.25 5.46 -2.96

1.33 1.46 1.46 -1.70 -2.47 0.90 -22.50 -





Greece 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. 49.62 ..

.. 99.40 ..

.. 116.53 ..

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

93.42 .. 58.87 .. x

119.98 .. 118.71 .. x

.. .. 116.53 .. x

.. .. .. 170.14 153.52

.. .. 176.61 194.40 172.25

.. .. 183.42 202.66 180.68

.. .. 240.10 261.75 243.00

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..



.. 7.35 ..

.. 17.04 ..

.. 74.15 ..

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

.. .. c

Steam Coal 8.82 13.11 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 8.72 20.35 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas x x Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 74.15 .. x

.. .. .. 249.44 211.00

.. .. 214.36 235.94 196.00

.. .. 202.50 223.73 187.00

.. .. 265.07 288.97 251.50

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.67 0.63 .. .. 0.05

0.55 0.51 0.38 0.13 0.04

1.31 1.28 1.28 0.03

1.16 1.16 1.16 0.00

0.70 0.69 0.69 0.00

0.72 0.71 0.71 0.00

0.57 0.56 0.56 0.00

0.34 0.34 0.34 0.00

0.25 0.23 0.23 0.01

Total Exports 0.03 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.04 Hard Coal 0.05 0.06 0.02 0.01 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.05 0.06 0.02 0.01 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01

0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 -





Greece 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

349

533

1380

1245

747

814

646

383

265


213 159 54 -

384 285 99 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

136 48 1 75 -

149 123 1 -

1380 35 4

1245 110 -

747 503

814 69

646 71

383 73

265 -


25 -

1017 324 -

119 205 447 321 43 -

244 -

136 63 546 -

63 132 380 -

71 11 225 3 -

25 231 9 -





Greece 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

34.49

40.74

288.28

..

..

306.61

304.84

306.70

310.94

.. .. 182.83 .. .. .. .. 34.44 ..

40.88 .. 201.72 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. 288.28 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

36.23 43.47 42.95 36.81 37.53 58.84 54.72 Imports from: Australia 34.95 .. .. .. .. .. .. Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic 104.47 131.94 179.85 118.52 143.55 178.07 198.06 Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. United States .. 52.03 .. .. .. 76.30 .. China .. .. .. .. .. 41.49 .. Colombia 32.86 29.06 45.00 .. .. .. .. South Africa 37.11 .. 40.52 36.47 .. .. 69.89 Former USSR(2) 36.12 42.36 54.16 .. 39.33 64.21 46.37 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

70.79

78.44

.. .. 198.12 .. .. .. 77.16 69.59 69.71

.. .. 252.12 .. .. .. 79.58 .. 75.73

Coking Coal

(1)





Hungary* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


45

120

40 100 35 80

30 25

60

20 40

15 10

20

5 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971


12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

45



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

14

0 1971

1977


0 1971


40

90

35

80

30

70



2006


60

25

50

20

40 15

30

10

20

5 0 1971

10 1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Hungary 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 30.47 40.68 Coal and Peat 11.29 12.04 Oil 11.71 15.59 Gas 5.96 11.39 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.91 0.74 Nuclear Hydro 0.01 0.01 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.57 0.91 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

40.80 8.74 12.16 12.73 0.54 5.11 0.02 0.12 1.37 -

35.74 5.68 9.81 13.79 0.59 5.30 0.02 0.12 0.42 -

39.73 4.39 10.40 17.27 1.58 5.17 0.02 0.12 0.00 0.77 -

39.42 4.39 10.89 16.36 1.70 5.03 0.02 0.12 0.01 0.89 -

38.70 4.36 10.97 15.41 1.80 5.48 0.03 0.14 0.02 0.49 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.73 -1.50 0.22 4.57 -3.05 3.39 5.26 -

-0.21 -4.21 -0.69 1.58 7.44 -0.10 0.28 -2.69 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


31 e 40 e 44 e 48 59 0.98 e 1.03 e 0.92 e 0.75 0.67 Population (millions) 10.4 10.7 10.4 10.2 10.1 TPES/population(1) 2.92 3.80 3.94 3.50 3.94 TPES/GDP(2) 132.0 e 137.6 e 123.2 e 100.0 90.0 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 308.1 e 256.5 e 166.2 e 100.0 62.5 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 92.3 e 105.0 e 115.8 e 100.0 88.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 18 24 28 35 36 Industrial Production(2) .. 69.3 67.6 100.0 129.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

62 0.64 10.1 3.91 85.9 60.3 87.9 36 142.9

62 0.62 10.0 3.86 83.3 59.1 .. 40 154.5

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.14 -0.40 -0.03 1.77 -0.40 -3.56 1.34 2.85 -

2.06 -2.23 -0.18 -0.04 -2.23 -6.14 -1.71 1.46 4.79



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.87 8.20 -

0.89 8.17 -

0.17 5.74 -

4.13 -

2.50 -

2.51 -

2.47 -

-12.69 -2.92 -

-5.04 -

Mt: Coking Coal 0.86 0.88 0.17 Steam Coal Brown Coal 25.24 25.14 17.66 14.03 9.57 9.95 9.81 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-12.69 -2.93 -

-3.52 -




Hungary 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

24.20 5.96 9.30 4.39 0.88 2.16 1.51

31.53 5.33 13.03 6.86 0.71 3.14 2.46

29.63 3.83 10.19 8.85 0.48 0.12 3.88 2.27

24.62 1.01 7.76 9.56 0.50 0.11 3.62 2.07

27.12 1.00 8.38 11.07 0.90 0.11 0.00 3.91 1.75

29.01 1.03 9.72 11.49 0.81 0.11 0.00 3.97 1.87

28.69 1.06 10.05 10.58 1.03 0.12 0.00 4.08 1.77

1.20 -2.57 0.54 4.21 -3.46 3.52 2.43

-0.20 -7.72 -0.08 1.12 4.82 -0.35 0.32 -1.55


9.27 2.66 2.18 2.42 0.03 1.32 0.66

11.13 2.31 2.43 3.76 0.02 1.70 0.91

9.02 1.14 1.28 4.58 0.00 1.69 0.33

4.90 0.66 0.38 1.96 0.09 1.08 0.74

4.58 0.64 0.38 1.77 0.11 0.00 1.17 0.50

4.65 0.67 0.36 1.79 0.15 0.00 1.14 0.54

4.78 0.72 0.30 1.80 0.26 0.00 1.15 0.54

-0.16 -4.88 -3.09 3.83 -10.48 1.46 -4.03

-3.89 -2.83 -8.70 -5.67 29.63 -2.35 3.19


3.33 0.54 2.70 -

4.29 0.18 3.97 -

4.42 0.00 4.28 0.00

4.67 0.00 4.54 0.00

5.62 0.01 5.48 0.00

6.10 0.01 5.95 0.00

6.69 6.53 0.00

1.68 -30.33 2.75 -

2.62 2.68 21.19


0.10 5.42 1.99 1.41 0.49

0.13 7.36 2.48 1.75 0.88

0.15 9.27 2.49 1.67 2.35

0.12 7.49 0.27 0.44 4.32

0.00 0.13 8.69 0.33 0.25 5.10

0.00 0.13 9.16 0.34 0.26 5.61

0.02 0.15 8.76 0.33 0.23 5.20

2.40 3.21 1.32 0.98 9.71

0.07 -0.35 -11.87 -11.63 5.10


0.80 0.31 0.41 1.60 0.61 0.24 0.19

0.65 0.62 0.98 2.00 0.30 0.64 0.30

0.45 1.13 1.19 2.76 0.13 0.41 0.88

0.30 1.20 0.95 4.21 0.03 0.10 2.53

0.69 0.00 1.36 0.96 4.97 0.01 0.05 3.43

0.57 0.00 1.37 1.00 4.93 0.00 0.05 3.26

0.64 0.00 1.41 0.95 4.51 0.01 0.04 2.81

-3.36 7.83 6.43 3.25 -8.68 3.15 9.41

2.22 1.38 -1.39 3.11 -17.27 -13.11 7.54

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.00 0.01 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.28 0.33 0.68 Heat 0.28 0.43 0.65 Non-Energy Use 1.84 3.51 2.27 Coal and Peat Oil 0.98 2.20 1.48 Gas 0.86 1.30 0.79 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.08 1.09 0.37 2.26 1.79 0.47

0.08 0.00 1.12 0.28 2.32 1.86 0.46

0.06 0.01 0.00 1.22 0.33 3.27 2.76 0.51

0.09 0.01 0.00 1.27 0.28 3.27 2.79 0.48

5.28 5.08 1.26 2.47 -0.48

12.26 3.95 -5.12 2.31 4.02 -3.00


of which:



Hungary 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


8.6 2.5 -0.2 0.3

9.1 3.2 -0.0 -0.2

5.9 2.3 -0.0 0.5

4.1 1.7 -0.2 -0.0

2.5 2.1 -0.2 0.0

2.5 2.2 -0.4 0.1

2.5 2.4 -0.5 -0.1

-2.2 -0.4 -28.6 x

-5.2 -0.3 52.3 x

Primary Supply

11.3

12.0

8.7

5.7

4.4

4.4

4.4

-1.5

-4.2

1.2

0.6

-0.3

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x


-6.5 e

-7.3 e

-4.6 e

-4.7 e

-3.3 e

-3.3 e

..

-2.0

-2.0


-5.8 -5.4 -0.4

-6.9 -6.5 -0.4

-4.7 -4.5 -0.2

-4.3 -4.3 -0.0

-3.1 -3.1 -

-2.9 -2.9 -

.. .. ..

-1.2 -1.0 -3.6

-3.0 -2.7 -

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.6 e 0.4 -0.4 e -0.4 -0.1

-0.4 e 0.4 -0.4 e -0.4 0.0

0.1 e 0.5 -0.2 e -0.2 0.0

-0.4 e 0.0 -0.2 e -0.3 -

-0.2 e -0.0 -0.1 e -0.1 -

-0.4 e -0.0 -0.1 e -0.3 -

.. .. .. .. ..

1.9 -4.2 -3.5 -

-2.8 0.8 -


(2)


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-0.0

-0.0

..

-6.5

-11.3

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

6.0

5.3

3.8

1.0

1.0

1.1

..

-2.6

-7.7


2.7 1.4 e 0.1 0.5 0.0

2.3 1.5 e 0.1 0.3 0.0

1.1 0.9 e 0.0 0.1 0.0

0.7 0.5 e 0.1 0.0

0.7 0.5 e 0.2 -

0.7 0.5 e 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.9 -2.8 -7.9 -9.7 -14.1

-2.8 -3.1 5.2 -

Transport sector(6)

0.5

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

..

-30.3

-

2.8 0.6 2.0

2.8 0.3 2.5

2.7 0.1 2.5

0.3 0.0 0.3

0.4 0.0 0.3

0.3 0.0 0.3

.. .. ..

-0.1 -8.7 1.3

-12.1 -17.3 -11.9

-

-

-

-

..

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Hungary 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

-

-

-

-

0.44 0.17 0.17 0.01 0.12 0.12 0.13 -

0.53 0.21 0.21 0.01 0.19 0.19 0.00 0.11 -

0.55 0.23 0.23 0.02 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.09 -

-

-

1.74 1.38 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.16 -

1.70 1.41 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.18 -

0.97 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.01 -

1.28 1.28 -

0.86 0.03 0.03 0.83 -

0.81 0.81 -

1.30 1.30 -

-4.74 -3.04 -10.91 -9.91 -20.46 -

1.85 1.95 -

26.22 25.85 19.33 18.29 18.56 14.53 17.61 17.91 14.34 0.68 0.65 0.20 1.42 1.47 1.83 2.67 2.26 0.65 0.27 0.26 0.08 0.27 0.29 0.09 1.06 0.75 0.20 0.06 0.05 0.01 1.00 0.92 0.27 3.18 3.21 2.18 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

14.48 13.60 13.60 0.00 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.01 0.55 -

12.17 11.79 11.79 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.33 -

10.25 9.81 9.81 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.36 -

10.18 9.73 9.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.42 -

-2.51 -1.90 -1.70 -9.79 2.14 -11.15 -9.63 -8.72 -13.03 -17.57 -10.39 -3.11 -

-3.93 -2.48 -2.39 -37.46 -27.22 -23.13 -9.72 -





Hungary 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

13.26 60.78 51.33

31.18 64.33 76.50

c 105.44 77.67

c .. 168.63

c .. 195.50

c .. 222.37

c .. 304.81

c .. 384.29

.. c .. .. ..

40.17 c 77.69 .. 66.66

83.42 c 70.64 .. 102.01

.. c 95.90 99.69 85.27

.. c .. 162.01 183.31

.. c .. .. 223.78

.. c .. 243.42 268.86

.. c .. 283.95 350.89

.. c .. 324.32 454.35


(Hungarian Forints / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

372 2740 2147

1700 5635 6217

c 41246 28191

c .. 48631

c .. 50925

c .. 57038

c .. 82454

c .. 90714

Steam Coal .. 917 Coking Coal c c High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 3430 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. 2788 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

3700 c 6060 .. 8290

.. c 36743 38194 30950

.. c .. 49317 52865

.. c .. .. 58292

.. c .. 65906 68963

.. c .. 81081 94922

.. c .. 80812 107252

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

2.49 0.66 .. .. 0.40 1.43

3.17 0.85 0.85 0.57 1.74

2.33 0.64 0.64 0.79 0.90

1.73 1.26 1.26 0.46 0.01

1.50 1.07 0.76 0.32 0.20 0.24

1.72 1.29 0.90 0.39 0.23 0.20

2.08 1.43 0.96 0.47 0.43 0.22

2.22 1.77 1.35 0.42 0.39 0.06

2.41 2.03 1.58 0.45 0.36 0.03

Total Exports 0.16 0.03 0.00 0.19 0.07 0.16 0.22 Hard Coal 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.00 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.11 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.12 0.19 0.07 0.13 0.10 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.43 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.28

0.47 0.12 0.35





Hungary 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

817

812

610

1234

1086

1336

1447

1759

2002


817 -

812 -

610 -

1234 800 251 51 -

724 32 431 109 7 -

872 88 303 83 3 -

898 115 230 217 52 -

1260 32 449 154 105 -

1469 64 462 119 486 -

817 e -

812 e -

610 e -

132 -

141 4 -

357 38 -

284 -

225 295 -

251 87 -

-

-

-

-

362 20 245 -

464 269 -

549 19 263 1

499 67 216 -

533 96 139 -


-

-

-

96 1 -

195 -

266 -

216 -

298 -





Iceland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


7

14000

6

12000

5

10000

4

8000

3

6000

2

4000

1

2000

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

0 1971

2007e


0.14

0.14

0.12

0.12

0.10

0.10

0.08

0.08

0.06

0.06

0.04

0.04

0.02

0.02

14

1989


2001

2007e

Chart 4: Coal Consumption (Mtce) 0.16


1983

Renewables

0.16

0.00 1971

1977


2007e

0.00 1971

Chart 5: Electricity Generation by Fuel (TWh) 2.5



2006


12 2.0 10 1.5

8 6

1.0

4 0.5 2 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0.0 1971

1976

1981

Coal

1986 Oil

1991 Gas

1996

2001

2006

Other



Iceland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 1.75 2.18 Coal and Peat 0.00 0.03 Oil 0.98 0.86 Gas Comb. Renew/Waste Nuclear Hydro 0.27 0.38 Geothermal 0.50 0.91 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

3.09 0.09 1.00 0.52 1.48 -

4.62 0.14 1.18 0.00 0.78 2.51 -

5.16 0.14 1.25 0.00 0.86 2.90 -

6.18 0.11 1.41 0.00 0.90 3.76 -

6.30 0.10 1.44 0.00 1.03 3.73 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.38 31.25 0.10 3.86 6.58 -

4.43 1.19 2.21 3.50 5.98 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


4 5 7 9 11 0.49 0.43 0.46 0.53 0.48 Population (millions) 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 TPES/population(1) 8.27 9.56 12.11 16.43 17.44 TPES/GDP(2) 91.8 80.5 86.8 100.0 90.9 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 1.6 30.6 85.4 100.0 82.8 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 72.1 70.4 73.2 100.0 91.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 2 3 5 8 9 Industrial Production(2) .. .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

11 0.57 0.3 20.32 106.8 63.4 104.0 10 ..

11 0.56 0.3 20.81 105.1 54.5 .. 12 ..

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.72 -0.33 1.09 2.27 -0.33 26.54 0.08 3.99 -

3.09 1.30 1.10 3.29 1.30 -1.84 2.22 5.06 -



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


Iceland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

1.62 0.00 0.93 0.44 0.25 -

1.87 0.03 0.82 0.63 0.35 0.05

2.45 0.09 0.95 0.78 0.48 0.14

3.20 0.14 1.18 0.78 0.85 0.25

3.40 0.15 1.23 0.76 0.96 0.30

3.38 0.14 1.25 0.74 0.96 0.28

3.65 0.11 1.40 0.71 1.11 0.32

2.47 31.25 0.16 3.52 3.81 -

2.53 1.19 2.44 -0.59 5.38 5.21


0.38 0.16 0.04 0.18 -

0.50 0.03 0.20 0.04 0.24 -

0.60 0.09 0.13 0.06 0.31 -

1.03 0.14 0.16 0.08 0.64 -

1.14 0.15 0.18 0.08 0.73 -

1.09 0.14 0.17 0.05 0.72 -

1.18 0.11 0.16 0.05 0.86 -

2.62 -1.31 2.53 3.19 -

4.38 1.19 1.66 -1.46 6.48 -


0.34 0.34 -

0.27 0.27 -

0.41 0.41 -

0.50 0.49 -

0.50 0.49 -

0.52 0.51 -

0.69 0.68 -

1.09 1.09 -

3.35 3.30 -


0.64 0.00 0.25 -

0.76 0.10 -

0.83 0.02 -

0.00 0.86 0.01 -

0.00 0.89 0.01 -

0.00 0.88 0.01 -

0.00 0.89 0.00 -

1.55 -13.32 -

0.50 -9.38 -


0.35 0.04 0.03 -

0.54 0.08 0.04 0.04 -

0.63 0.07 0.11 0.10 -

0.56 0.07 0.21 0.17 -

0.54 0.08 0.26 0.19 -

0.54 0.08 0.24 0.20 -

0.52 0.10 0.27 0.20 -

3.58 2.88 7.17 -

-1.16 2.06 6.08 4.54 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal 0.02 0.02 0.03 Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.01 0.02 0.06 Heat 0.00 0.01 Non-Energy Use 0.03 0.02 0.09 Coal and Peat Oil 0.03 0.02 0.09 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.06 0.09 0.01 0.18 0.18 -

0.07 0.11 0.02 0.21 0.21 -

0.07 0.11 0.02 0.23 0.23 -

0.07 0.12 0.02 0.27 0.27 -

3.13 9.56 6.57 6.57 -

4.93 4.33 4.58 6.93 6.93 -


of which:



Iceland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


0.0 -

0.0 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 -

31.3 x

1.2 x

Primary Supply

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

31.3

1.2


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

(2)


-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

31.3

1.2


-

0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-

1.2 2.2 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.0 0.0

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Coal Transformation



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Iceland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)



1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.05 0.05 0.05 -

0.09 0.09 0.09 -

0.09 0.09 0.09 -

0.10 0.10 0.10 -

0.09 0.09 0.09 -

-

3.56 3.56 3.56 -

-

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.02 0.02 0.02 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-






Iceland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..


(Icelandic Krona / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..




1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.00 0.00 .. .. -

0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01

0.09 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.03

0.14 0.10 0.01 0.08 0.04

0.13 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.05

0.15 0.10 0.02 0.08 0.05

0.14 0.11 0.01 0.10 0.03

0.11 0.09 0.09 0.02

0.10 0.08 0.08 0.02

Total Exports Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-





Iceland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

-

12

65

101

85

104

117

91

86


-

-

13 13 -

14 7 7

11 6 5

18 6 12

14 7 7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

12 12 -

52 52 -

87 6 4 48 19

74 2 72

86 9 77

103 39 1 9 54

91 37 27 4 9 14

86 7 79


-

-

10 -

-

-

-

-

-





Ireland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


25

180 160

20

140 120

15

100 80

10 60 40

5

20 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

0 1971

2007e


5

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

30



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

6

0 1971

1977


2007e

0 1971




2006


45 25

40 35

20

30 15

25 20

10

15 10

5

5 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Ireland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 10.22 12.05 Coal and Peat 2.26 2.73 Oil 7.87 8.17 Gas 1.05 Comb. Renew/Waste Nuclear Hydro 0.08 0.10 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

14.74 4.93 6.89 2.67 0.15 0.09 0.00 0.00 -

20.26 3.61 11.39 4.91 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.03 0.01 -

21.67 3.84 12.10 4.96 0.31 0.08 0.00 0.14 0.25 -

22.08 3.43 12.10 5.73 0.31 0.09 0.00 0.20 0.22 -

22.13 3.31 11.89 6.12 0.32 0.08 0.00 0.23 0.16 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.18 4.69 -0.78 0.47 -

2.56 -2.24 3.58 4.88 4.47 0.24 20.92 64.65 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

133 0.17 4.3 5.19 78.9 68.8 92.3 28 134.1

140 0.16 4.3 5.13 75.1 63.1 .. 27 143.8

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 4.05 -1.80 0.78 1.39 -1.80 0.61 -0.10 3.96 -

6.46 -3.67 1.21 1.33 -3.67 -8.18 -1.38 4.25 9.61



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.02 1.50

0.06 1.49

0.02 2.02

1.38

1.16

1.09

0.82

0.45 2.50

-3.74

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.02 0.06 0.03 Brown Coal Peat 5.24 5.21 6.52 4.81 3.96 3.69 2.77 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.46 1.82

-3.48




Ireland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

7.66 1.33 5.43 0.15 0.76 -

9.35 1.82 5.86 0.62 1.06 -

11.32 2.45 5.83 1.43 0.15 0.00 0.00 1.46 -

16.06 1.01 10.13 2.26 0.17 0.00 0.00 2.49 -

17.10 0.95 11.21 1.89 0.21 0.00 0.00 2.83 -

18.05 1.01 11.88 1.91 0.26 0.00 0.00 2.99 -

19.14 0.94 12.56 2.19 0.27 0.00 0.00 3.18 -

2.33 3.68 0.42 14.31 3.94 -

3.34 -5.81 4.91 2.71 3.49 20.92 16.45 4.99 -


2.43 0.06 2.06 0.04 0.27 -

3.10 0.15 2.04 0.52 0.39 -

2.49 0.37 0.97 0.51 0.09 0.55 -

3.58 0.17 1.64 0.67 0.14 0.95 -

3.35 0.21 1.49 0.62 0.18 0.85 -

3.53 0.23 1.51 0.61 0.23 0.94 -

3.93 0.19 1.56 0.85 0.23 1.10 -

0.14 10.91 -4.33 17.04 4.28 -

2.91 -3.98 3.00 3.24 6.15 4.43 -


1.96 1.96 -

2.49 2.49 -

2.84 2.84 -

5.74 5.74 -

6.59 6.59 -

7.14 7.13 -

7.68 7.66 -

2.19 2.19 -

6.41 6.40 -


2.58 1.26 0.89 0.11

2.60 1.57 0.50 0.10

0.00 3.35 2.06 0.55 0.17

0.00 3.56 0.83 1.30 0.63

0.01 4.03 0.70 1.55 0.85

0.00 0.01 4.13 0.73 1.60 0.86

0.00 0.01 4.37 0.71 1.74 0.90

1.55 2.92 -2.81 2.41

11.48 1.68 -6.44 7.51 11.10


0.32 0.36 0.19 -

0.44 0.83 0.11 0.50 -

0.06 0.00 0.51 1.40 0.02 0.90 0.13

0.02 0.00 0.78 1.94 0.01 0.83 0.42

0.02 0.00 0.00 0.90 2.28 0.04 0.80 0.43

0.02 0.00 0.00 0.92 2.35 0.04 0.83 0.44

0.02 0.00 0.00 0.99 2.28 0.04 0.80 0.44

2.80 8.37 9.60 -

-5.93 16.45 4.27 3.11 3.31 -0.68 7.65

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.17 0.22 0.34 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.30 0.29 0.89 Coal and Peat Oil 0.30 0.29 0.28 Gas 0.61 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.69 0.79 0.24 0.55

0.00 0.00 1.00 0.41 0.41 -

0.00 0.00 1.04 0.44 0.44 -

0.00 0.00 1.00 0.51 0.51 -

4.32 6.71 -0.37 -

16.45 6.89 -3.40 3.91 -


of which:



Ireland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


1.5 0.8 -0.1 0.0

1.5 1.2 -0.0 0.0

2.0 2.9 -0.0 0.0

1.4 2.4 -0.0 -0.2

1.2 2.8 -0.0 -0.1

1.1 2.5 -0.0 -0.1

0.8 2.2 -0.0 0.3

1.7 7.7 -6.4 x

-3.8 -1.0 -2.7 x

Primary Supply

2.3

2.7

4.9

3.6

3.8

3.4

3.3

4.7

-2.2


-

-0.0

0.4

0.3

0.0

0.1

..

x

x


-0.9

-0.9

-2.8

-2.9

-2.8

-2.6

..

6.7

-0.6


-0.9 -0.9 -

-0.8 -0.8 -0.0

-2.6 -2.6 -0.0

-2.7 -2.7 -0.0

-2.7 -2.7 -0.0

-2.5 -2.5 -0.0

.. .. ..

6.4 6.3 -

-0.4 -0.4 -1.3


-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

(2)


-

0.0 0.0 -

-0.2 -0.2 -

-0.1 -0.1 0.0

-0.1 -0.1 0.0

-0.1 -0.1 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-3.6 -3.0 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

-

1.9

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.3

1.8

2.5

1.0

1.0

0.9

..

3.7

-5.8

0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.0 -

0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 -

0.2 0.1 -

0.2 0.2 -

0.2 0.2 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

10.9 8.2 -

-4.0 -0.7 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

1.3 1.3

1.7 0.1 1.6

2.1 0.0 2.1

0.8 0.0 0.8

0.8 0.0 0.7

0.7 0.0 0.7

.. .. ..

3.0 2.9

-6.2 3.3 -6.4

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Coal Transformation



Industry sector


(7)






Ireland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


0.54 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.46 -

1.07 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.14 0.14 0.81 -

3.18 1.97 1.96 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.03 0.19 0.12 1.05 -

2.94 2.35 2.34 0.01 0.03 0.18 0.11 0.07 0.36 -

2.81 2.24 2.23 0.01 0.04 0.22 0.19 0.03 0.31 -

2.87 2.29 2.28 0.01 0.04 0.25 0.18 0.07 0.31 -

2.59 2.04 2.04 0.04 0.20 0.17 0.00 0.03 0.30 -

15.88 45.40 45.37 19.66 9.43 7.25 -

-1.29 0.24 0.26 -3.16 -0.72 -8.25 -7.50 -

-

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.04 0.04 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.04 0.04 -

0.04 0.03 -

0.05 0.05 -

0.01 0.01 -

-

-8.61 -8.61 -





Ireland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. .. ..

63.11 82.37 90.97

34.26 103.73 77.04

40.16 138.51 130.87

75.99 150.48 c

79.21 210.16 c

69.22 253.40 c

94.31 250.49 c

.. x 102.26 .. 189.24

.. x 180.84 .. 507.59

.. x 115.42 .. 257.44

.. x 168.24 .. 88.82

.. x 223.20 .. 180.95

.. x 243.22 .. 226.89

.. x 309.06 .. 290.90

.. x 367.94 .. 362.36

.. x 326.91 .. c



.. .. ..

.. .. ..

42.89 85.67 89.83

32.89 152.42 107.47

31.45 166.01 148.91

54.13 164.05 c

56.42 229.12 c

48.82 273.51 c

60.92 247.64 c

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal x x High Suplhur Fuel Oil 91.68 151.35 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 161.07 403.32 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. x 120.05 .. 254.20

.. x 247.21 .. 123.90

.. x 267.52 .. 205.90

.. x 265.16 .. 234.83

.. x 336.94 .. 301.08

.. x 397.14 .. 371.32

.. x 323.19 .. c

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.83 0.81 .. .. 0.01

1.20 1.19 1.19 0.01

2.90 2.85 0.01 2.83 0.03 0.03

2.44 2.42 2.42 0.03 -

2.53 2.49 2.49 0.03 -

2.77 2.74 2.74 0.03 -

2.84 2.80 2.80 0.04 0.00

2.47 2.46 2.46 0.01 0.00

2.20 2.20 2.20 0.01 0.00

Total Exports 0.10 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 Hard Coal 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat 0.00 Coal Products(1) 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02

0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02





Ireland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

565

1188

3081

2747

2616

2886

2947

2587

2311

-

-

14 2 2 2 5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

565 6 331 214 -

1188 2 9 483 276 408 -

3067 21 430 302 1277 115

2747 292 176 123 452 -

2616 600 256 42 222 37

2886 1224 268 62 38

2947 299 288 19 36

2587 62 5 36

2311 387 235 40 73 36


10 -

7 667 17 71 15 5 140

904 327 418 55

4 454 808 6 187

4 1244 4 3 39

9 1013 602 634 9 38

1091 779 375 8 231

322 633 547 38





Ireland 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

116.43

107.07

101.41

123.63

149.97

178.22

412.43

355.05

86.14

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 100.40 .. .. 106.09 .. ..

.. .. .. .. 98.08 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 120.67 112.01 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. 145.10 110.07 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. 161.54 .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 77.79

71.77 70.76 69.55 47.88 50.08 80.90 74.91 Imports from: Australia 105.83 .. 41.76 37.23 55.91 71.47 84.49 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic 84.39 .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 87.96 98.25 99.09 83.12 90.38 97.77 114.10 United States 67.13 62.06 57.93 49.42 40.79 .. .. China 219.48 82.52 .. .. .. .. .. Colombia 90.69 72.99 36.07 .. .. .. .. South Africa 57.78 85.34 84.69 33.76 37.23 67.44 64.62 Former USSR(2) 48.74 81.51 70.14 .. .. .. 713.45 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

101.78

125.15

.. .. .. 149.15 .. .. .. 70.73 ..

618.20 .. .. 177.54 .. .. .. 85.73 ..

Coking Coal

(1)





Italy* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


300

200 180

250

160 140

200

120 100

150

80 100

60 40

50

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

350



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

30

0 1971

1977


0 1971




2006


450

300

400 250

350

200

300 250

150

200 150

100

100 50 50 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Italy 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 171.87 188.91 211.53 Coal and Peat 11.57 16.69 20.90 Oil 130.70 128.05 121.19 Gas 20.32 32.46 55.70 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.35 1.31 1.34 Nuclear 1.17 0.82 Hydro 4.61 5.56 3.89 Geothermal 3.05 3.28 4.24 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.11 0.75 4.26 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000 247.55 17.94 126.59 82.75 3.22 5.43 6.08 0.09 e 5.45 -

2005

2006

2007e

265.33 23.53 117.29 100.90 5.96 4.43 6.84 0.33 6.04 -

263.10 23.82 115.98 98.82 6.90 4.54 7.09 0.42 5.53 -

266.84 23.76 119.02 99.30 7.28 4.11 7.14 0.58 5.64 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.23 3.54 -0.44 6.11 8.27 -1.00 1.97 24.13 -

1.37 0.82 -0.27 3.65 10.76 0.98 3.26 28.45 1.64 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

1157 0.23 58.9 4.47 100.8 125.9 107.3 308 98.4

1174 0.23 58.8 4.54 100.8 123.8 .. 309 98.2


1.32 0.05 0.23 1.14 0.05 -0.50 0.96 2.32 0.82



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.01 0.43 -

0.46 -

0.05 0.34 -

0.00 -

0.09 -

0.02 -

0.02 -

20.81 -1.89 -

-6.06 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.01 0.06 0.10 0.02 0.02 Brown Coal 1.20 1.29 0.96 0.01 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

20.81 -1.89 -

-6.15 -




Italy 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

139.64 4.66 101.61 18.25 15.12 -

148.04 4.77 93.71 28.86 1.06 19.63 -

166.26 4.83 89.84 43.69 1.23 0.29 0.01 26.37 -

186.79 3.82 91.51 55.12 2.49 0.30 0.02 33.54 -

204.98 4.40 95.91 58.92 2.64 0.30 0.03 36.31 6.47

207.46 4.18 95.46 61.34 2.59 0.30 0.04 36.97 6.59

206.53 3.99 95.49 58.41 3.22 0.30 0.05 37.94 7.13

1.03 0.21 -0.72 5.27 3.33 -

1.36 -1.18 0.38 1.83 6.18 0.37 13.14 2.30 -


55.80 3.78 30.18 12.36 9.48 -

51.20 4.25 22.30 12.93 0.17 11.55 -

48.70 4.69 11.54 18.53 0.31 13.63 -

55.07 3.49 10.00 23.74 0.41 17.43 -

54.60 4.18 10.11 22.19 0.40 17.72 -

53.62 3.93 9.90 21.62 0.39 17.79 -

52.78 3.74 9.50 21.05 0.39 18.10 -

-0.80 1.28 -5.50 2.41 2.16 -

0.50 -1.40 -1.21 0.80 1.42 1.79 -


28.79 0.21 27.94 0.18

36.79 0.00 35.83 0.37

48.89 47.77 0.30

59.18 57.67 0.47

62.85 60.80 0.51

62.38 60.36 0.54

63.20 61.12 0.59

3.16 3.20 3.13

1.62 1.55 4.37


0.46 38.26 0.67 28.65 5.71

0.59 41.38 0.52 22.71 12.61

0.83 37.52 0.14 13.60 16.42

1.05 40.42 0.09 9.54 21.39

0.36 1.18 44.17 0.01 8.59 25.68

0.26 1.22 45.43 0.01 8.59 26.83

0.23 1.26 42.66 0.01 7.63 24.35

3.44 -0.11 -8.90 -4.29 6.41

2.65 0.81 -15.13 -3.55 2.49

0.88 0.01 6.48 11.38 0.45 6.01

1.88 0.02 7.51 15.37 0.46 7.96

1.67 0.03 8.18 18.12 0.59 8.93

1.73 0.04 8.23 20.38 0.61 10.69

2.32 0.05 8.31 21.12 0.66 10.86

4.18 10.09 0.19 -

6.26 13.14 1.57 3.94 2.44 3.77

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.79 2.52 4.92 Heat Non-Energy Use 11.83 12.42 14.78 Coal and Peat Oil 11.83 9.48 12.39 Gas 2.94 2.40 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

6.95 11.61 0.24 9.98 1.40

8.59 13.50 0.20 11.88 1.41

9.08 13.70 0.23 12.05 1.42

9.59 14.28 0.24 12.69 1.35

6.14 1.32 0.27 -

4.26 -0.21 0.15 -3.52


of which:


3.23 2.22 0.44 -

0.90 e 4.65 3.10 0.58 -



Italy 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


0.4 11.7 -0.6 0.1

0.5 17.4 -0.7 -0.4

0.4 19.8 -0.2 0.9

0.0 18.9 -0.1 -0.8

0.1 23.6 -0.2 0.0

0.0 24.0 -0.2 0.1

0.0 24.0 -0.2 -0.0

-0.5 3.2 -6.5 x

-17.2 1.2 0.5 x

Primary Supply

11.6

16.7

20.9

17.9

23.5

23.8

23.8

3.5

0.8

0.1

0.0

0.2

-0.5

-0.2

-

..

x

x

-13.2 e

-18.7 e

-19.7 e

..

6.8

1.7


-4.9 e

-9.8 e

-15.0 e


-1.9 -1.9 -

-6.0 -4.9 -1.1

-11.4 -10.2 -1.3

-9.6 -9.6 ..

-16.1 -15.9 -0.3

-16.4 -16.2 -0.2

.. .. ..

11.1 10.4 -

2.3 2.9 -9.8

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-3.0 e -2.2 e -0.8 -

-3.8 e -2.2 e -1.6 0.0

-3.5 e -2.3 e -1.2 -

-3.7 e -2.1 e -1.6 -

-2.6 e -2.2 e -0.4 -

-3.3 e -2.3 e -1.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

1.0 0.3 2.4 -

-0.4 0.0 -1.3 -


(2)


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.7

-2.0

-1.2

-0.4

-0.4

-0.1

..

-1.8

-14.6

-0.4

-0.2

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

..

x

x

4.7

4.8

4.8

3.8

4.2

4.0

..

0.2

-1.2


3.8 2.8 e 0.3 0.2 -

4.2 2.9 e 0.2 0.5 0.0

4.7 2.9 e 0.2 1.3 0.0

3.5 2.7 e 0.0 0.5 0.0

3.9 3.1 e 0.0 0.8 -

3.7 2.8 e 0.0 0.9 -

.. .. .. .. ..

1.3 0.4 -1.0 11.3 -

-1.4 -0.2 -18.3 -2.7 -

Transport sector(6)

0.2

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-8.9 -8.9

-15.1 -15.1

-

0.2

0.2

0.2

..

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Italy 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

2.51 2.07 2.02 0.05 0.01 0.31 0.03 0.01 0.20 0.07 0.07 -

5.79 4.96 4.92 0.04 0.01 0.61 0.05 0.01 0.43 0.04 0.07 0.22 -

12.69 10.78 10.77 0.02 0.17 1.68 0.22 0.00 1.40 0.06 0.06 -

11.36 9.53 9.53 0.94 0.88 0.26 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.08 0.00 -

19.20 16.67 16.53 0.14 0.96 1.56 0.67 0.00 0.88 0.00 0.01 -

18.61 16.00 15.84 0.16 1.15 1.45 0.52 0.00 0.92 0.00 0.01 -

18.71 15.94 15.80 0.14 1.30 1.46 0.52 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.01 -

14.46 14.77 14.97 -8.42 15.08 19.30 -9.91 17.56 -1.12 -1.87 -

2.45 2.47 2.43 14.36 13.55 -0.88 5.63 -1.78 -2.49 -19.32 -9.97 -

9.91 9.90 -

11.24 11.22 -

8.63 8.61 -

6.66 6.38 0.23

5.08 4.83 0.19

5.63 5.06 0.22

6.09 5.81 0.23

-1.14 -1.15 -

-2.16 -2.43 -

1.27 1.39 1.09 1.20 1.29 1.06 1.20 1.29 1.06 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.05 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.02 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-1.27 -1.07 -1.07 -0.49 -2.55 5.02 1503.17 -

-26.44 -8.48 -0.73 -





Italy 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


41.32 62.53 63.55

57.37 132.16 134.63

67.72 98.15 90.90

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

70.05 69.79 63.44 .. 64.94

56.68 69.57 132.49 .. 134.95

58.84 64.88 136.94 .. 122.20

43.46 53.26 161.05 155.19 c

48.09 63.51 .. 192.15 c

72.13 79.55 .. 210.37 233.67

83.21 108.95 .. 278.73 273.65

78.44 118.09 .. 311.73 353.23

97.81 124.14 .. 345.19 ..



16.03 37.56 35.79

22.46 80.11 76.51

37.13 83.32 72.34

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c


32.06 38.15 116.25 .. 97.25

41.51 54.90 239.64 230.93 c

37.47 53.40 .. 233.22 c

51.12 60.83 .. 232.25 241.85

58.96 83.32 .. 307.72 283.23

55.03 89.41 .. 340.73 361.96

62.85 86.09 .. 345.59 ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

11.67 11.48 .. .. 0.04 0.15

17.39 17.22 12.03 5.20 0.04 0.13

19.83 19.67 9.14 10.53 0.05 0.11

18.90 18.39 7.61 10.78 0.00 0.51

20.92 19.36 4.95 14.40 0.00 1.56

24.22 23.14 5.36 17.77 0.00 1.07

23.62 22.78 6.11 16.66 0.00 0.84

23.95 23.24 6.33 16.91 0.00 0.71

24.00 23.58 6.61 16.96 0.00 0.42

Total Exports 0.63 0.75 0.20 0.12 0.16 0.24 0.23 Hard Coal 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.63 0.75 0.20 0.12 0.16 0.24 0.23 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.22 0.22

0.23 0.01 0.01 0.21





Italy 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

12458

17197

20445

19015

20562

24666

24150

24632

24955


10007 1347 2537 1525 3027 -

11377 1206 2513 678 5858 -

8648 1045 212 804 158 6236 12

7198 2463 1280 3281 -

4686 1546 641 2390 -

5074 2000 649 2260 -

5784 2109 637 283 2431 -

5988 2216 966 88 2672 -

6255 2101 1084 98 2972 -

1036 535

986 136

15 131 35

174 -

109 -

165 -

205 14 105 -

19 27 -

-

2451 1437 52 -

5820 10 88 1210 1327 -

11797 109 507 4800 148

11817 1141 1 912 4 -

15876 1328 207 1 78 -

19592 1077 261 119 69 -

18366 682 506 1 182 204 1

18644 881 105 198 58

18700 985 81 662


53 3132 -

310 290 4884 609 140 -

369 1759 1919 3548 993 56 1115 -

574 5006 4656 1055 32 2939 -

483 2923 5867 5737 1895 367 788 6

2997 6800 4395 1082 1025 445 46

2034 8734 4779 814 706 335 -

2112 7885 5178 803 577 340 77





Italy 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

59.39

61.39

57.69

57.67

60.39

77.24

103.02

112.05

118.05

54.52 59.50 .. 59.07 57.84 .. .. 38.72 49.77

57.32 57.65 .. 64.68 62.37 .. 68.24 .. 54.53

52.91 57.67 .. 62.38 62.18 .. .. 49.38 45.76

54.35 54.46 .. 60.21 64.01 66.67 .. 45.54 ..

56.77 58.98 .. 61.35 66.83 .. .. 50.20 ..

69.84 75.03 .. .. 91.04 .. 85.35 67.82 58.51

111.81 119.76 .. 128.50 113.75 .. 87.23 74.08 77.71

130.25 137.04 .. 114.32 126.23 .. .. 67.51 78.34

126.24 131.04 488.51 476.51 132.19 .. 87.00 101.09 86.60

47.82 51.84 50.48 41.25 42.45 63.54 73.20 Imports from: Australia 44.68 .. 45.90 43.09 40.22 55.89 .. Canada 382.11 .. 2798.99 462.84 514.74 .. 1441.74 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 48.68 58.63 51.68 41.41 135.86 144.04 125.35 United States 55.55 56.62 54.54 52.24 43.08 72.57 81.23 China 38.99 47.34 51.34 41.65 42.74 68.09 .. Colombia 40.09 56.10 53.06 39.58 43.89 66.74 72.04 South Africa 35.15 44.39 44.85 38.27 41.33 68.34 74.49 Former USSR(2) 37.66 42.54 45.77 41.07 45.20 71.19 74.31 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

69.16

86.00

.. 588.70 .. 67.12 873.35 .. 74.47 70.07 74.14

.. 427.07 .. 111.14 .. .. 82.16 92.44 93.36

Coking Coal

(1)





Japan* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


800

180

700

160 140

600

120

500

100 400

80

300

60

200

40

100

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971


160

140

140

120

120

100

100

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

1400



0 1971


1200

1200

1000

1000

800

800

600

600

400

400

200

200

0 1971

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971


2001

2007e



1976

1981

Coal




1977

1983

Renewables

180

0 1971

1977

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Japan 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 460.15 494.07 634.17 Coal and Peat 82.66 85.08 110.27 Oil 358.09 335.72 363.51 Gas 7.25 30.57 63.08 Comb. Renew/Waste 7.11 Nuclear 3.61 30.75 75.30 Hydro 8.20 10.85 10.97 Geothermal 0.33 1.11 2.25 Solar, Wind, Tide 1.67 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

752.32 139.94 374.03 93.79 8.35 119.90 10.72 4.43 1.17 -

754.83 158.62 357.91 100.81 9.35 113.46 9.39 4.27 1.03 -

753.66 160.59 343.68 110.63 10.17 112.96 10.54 4.07 1.03 -

746.40 163.32 343.18 118.49 8.76 98.22 9.26 4.02 1.16 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.90 1.71 0.09 13.57 19.56 1.72 11.95 -

1.08 2.38 -0.35 3.57 2.26 2.57 -0.25 3.77 -2.99 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

5087 0.15 127.8 5.90 91.9 105.3 95.4 1091 106.3

5194 0.14 127.7 5.85 89.2 104.9 .. 1144 109.1

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.71 -1.74 0.75 1.14 -1.74 -1.93 -0.17 3.50 3.31

1.32 -0.24 0.21 0.87 -0.24 1.04 0.37 1.68 0.48





1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

8.72 7.23 0.02 -

7.28 8.28 0.02 -

6.45 -

2.22 -

-

-

-

-0.95 -

-

-

-1.85 -

-

Mt: Coking Coal 8.66 6.94 Steam Coal 9.99 11.08 7.98 2.96 Brown Coal 0.04 0.03 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



Japan 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

336.74 28.81 246.85 10.03 51.00 0.04

333.16 30.53 225.54 13.88 63.06 0.15

436.14 47.55 268.92 21.77 3.75 0.11 1.67 92.09 0.29

501.69 38.53 308.22 33.00 3.80 0.32 1.15 115.90 0.77

505.16 40.89 302.46 38.37 3.35 0.32 0.83 118.10 0.85

505.36 42.42 296.29 41.03 3.68 0.31 0.81 119.97 0.86

502.55 44.37 287.33 44.61 3.80 0.29 0.81 120.51 0.82

1.53 2.99 0.50 4.66 3.54 12.32

0.89 -0.43 0.41 4.59 0.09 6.08 -4.41 1.69 6.86

149.84 26.03 85.06 2.95 35.80 -

130.33 29.75 56.41 3.90 40.27 -

149.86 45.58 53.96 5.28 3.60 41.44 -

147.61 37.13 55.00 7.32 3.74 44.43 -

144.11 39.43 50.44 8.29 3.31 42.63 -

143.80 41.01 49.96 9.50 3.65 39.68 -

145.70 42.89 49.18 10.46 3.77 39.39 -

0.00 3.35 -2.64 3.48 0.86 -

-0.18 -0.38 -0.58 4.37 0.28 -0.32 -


60.70 0.29 58.79 -

79.00 77.13 -

108.92 106.86 -

135.12 132.84 -

134.30 132.00 -

132.08 129.74 -

130.18 127.85 -

3.50 3.58 -

1.12 1.13 -


1.63 29.89 2.50 12.50 5.16

1.87 36.76 0.79 13.82 7.90

2.07 54.28 0.10 19.26 10.50

2.28 69.46 23.70 12.85

2.31 68.88 21.56 12.78

2.34 71.69 22.66 13.38

2.33 69.39 21.01 13.17

1.42 3.57 -17.35 2.57 4.27

0.77 1.55 0.55 1.42


9.73 28.86 23.29 1.83

14.26 29.06 20.36 2.05

0.15 1.61 22.62 0.04 65.74 1.29 32.77 5.56

0.07 1.12 31.68 0.04 88.29 0.89 36.57 12.57

0.04 0.80 33.65 0.04 94.85 0.91 36.80 16.80

0.03 0.79 34.78 0.05 97.44 0.89 34.83 17.65

0.03 0.79 34.35 0.04 96.77 0.90 30.10 20.47

5.09 4.96 2.03 6.76

-8.78 -4.36 2.64 0.01 2.45 -2.23 -0.53 8.49

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal 0.06 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.06 Electricity 3.70 6.51 25.76 Heat 0.04 0.15 0.24 Non-Energy Use 52.68 40.61 47.44 Coal and Peat 0.58 Oil 52.68 40.61 46.43 Gas 0.43 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.18 0.03 37.32 0.73 53.54 0.51 52.77 0.26

0.18 0.02 39.33 0.80 56.34 0.54 55.31 0.50

0.17 0.03 43.05 0.81 54.19 0.52 53.17 0.50

0.17 0.03 44.33 0.78 54.70 0.58 53.60 0.51

12.09 11.22 -0.61 -0.74 -

6.10 -5.57 3.45 7.61 0.89 0.00 0.90 1.06





Japan 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


25.6 59.0 -0.6 -1.3

15.6 70.0 -2.1 1.6

6.4 105.6 -1.9 0.1

2.2 140.5 -2.7 -0.2

160.9 -1.7 -0.6

162.0 -2.0 0.5

164.4 -1.2 0.1

-7.8 3.5 7.3 x

2.7 0.1 x

Primary Supply

82.7

85.1

110.3

139.9

158.6

160.6

163.3

1.7

2.4


-2.5

-1.9

1.8

-2.9

1.1

-0.5

..

x

x


-47.6 e

-49.9 e

-61.1 e

-95.3 e

-114.0 e

-112.3 e

..

1.5

3.9


-17.1 -17.1 -

-15.0 -11.5 -3.6

-36.3 -29.2 -7.1

-69.1 -57.5 -11.6

-89.0 -76.8 -12.1

-87.5 -75.5 -12.1

.. .. ..

4.5 3.2 -

5.7 6.1 3.4

-2.9

-1.8

-0.6

-0.3

-0.1

-

..

-9.0

-

-27.5 e -24.5 e -3.0 -0.0

-33.1 e -20.1 e -13.1 0.1

-24.3 e -23.6 e -0.7 -0.0

-25.9 e -26.0 e 0.2 -

-25.0 e -24.2 e -0.8 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-0.7 -0.2 -8.6 -16.3

0.1 0.3 -


Coal Transformation



Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6)

-24.8 e -24.9 e 0.1 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-3.8

-2.7

-3.4

-3.2

-3.3

-3.4

..

-0.6

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

28.8

30.5

47.5

38.5

42.4

44.4

..

3.0

-0.4

26.0 23.2 e -

29.7 23.0 e 0.4 4.3 0.1

45.6 19.0 e 3.9 8.3 1.6

37.1 15.5 e 3.9 7.1 2.0

41.0 17.9 e 4.1 6.2 2.1

42.9 17.9 e 4.6 6.2 2.0

.. .. .. .. ..

3.4 -1.2 -

-0.4 -0.4 1.0 -1.8 1.3

0.3

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

2.5 2.5

0.8 0.8

1.4 1.3 0.1

0.9 0.9 -

0.9 0.9 -

0.9 0.9 -

.. .. ..

-3.4 -17.4

-2.7 -2.2 -


0.5

0.5

0.6

..

-

0.0

Other Sectors

(7)





Japan 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)



1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

11.08 8.57 8.57 0.34 0.08 0.07 2.52 0.23 0.19 0.71 0.05 1.35 0.58 -

17.50 9.60 8.49 1.11 0.43 0.02 0.02 6.54 0.34 0.13 5.38 0.17 0.50 0.50 -

50.03 31.05 26.54 4.52 0.11 5.89 14.83 1.54 2.42 8.12 1.90 0.86 0.67 0.02

96.11 64.88 57.37 7.52 11.46 16.13 2.58 3.57 7.20 2.32 0.46 0.93 -

119.92 83.99 75.14 8.85 11.39 16.55 3.50 3.76 6.48 2.41 0.40 0.94 -

120.45 91.40 82.64 8.76 11.65 16.68 3.50 3.89 6.45 2.45 0.39 0.95 -

121.42 89.51 80.83 8.67 11.62 16.73 3.38 4.19 6.41 2.36 0.39 0.95 -

13.38 11.32 9.87 -9.34 43.53 15.91 17.29 23.68 22.52 36.33 -3.72 1.32 -

5.70 6.84 7.21 4.16 4.35 0.75 5.04 3.49 -1.47 1.37 -4.76 2.18 -

58.72 55.12 4.45 0.12 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.01 -

70.20 65.65 4.30 0.01 0.01 0.01 -

64.93 59.33 5.25 -

57.08 45.97 10.94 -

60.88 47.64 10.42 -

56.53 47.80 10.44 -

57.67 48.23 10.67 -

0.84 0.61 -

-0.74 -1.29 4.53 -

-

-

-

-

-

-


0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries



-


Japan 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


90.60 79.85 73.12

90.23 182.50 152.09

101.84 151.02 129.99

51.44 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

71.25 72.48 82.52 .. 302.53

74.99 73.35 195.69 .. 349.02

70.53 68.03 136.92 .. 320.89

45.69 45.30 163.53 220.02 352.09

45.31 48.83 173.48 226.39 299.38

67.20 69.37 195.29 263.55 305.30

81.25 104.02 255.46 342.15 312.30

81.86 107.46 332.34 411.28 338.54

90.77 101.94 347.87 418.45 ..


(Yen / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

15170 23040 19780

16280 56740 44330

11736 29990 24200

4413 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal 11930 13530 Coking Coal 14290 15580 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 23810 60840 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 81840 101730 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

8128 9230 27190 .. 59740

3920 4576 24177 32528 48800

4179 5303 27574 35984 44612

5781 7026 28952 39072 42432

7120 10731 38573 51662 44208

7583 11720 53052 65655 50665

8510 11252 56200 67603 ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

58.99 58.99 .. .. -

69.99 69.99 65.25 4.74 -

105.64 105.12 68.73 36.39 0.52

140.55 137.95 55.26 82.69 2.60

154.79 152.30 55.90 96.39 2.50

168.49 165.31 58.94 106.37 3.18

160.86 158.09 54.73 103.36 2.77

162.01 160.02 55.83 104.18 2.00

164.38 162.19 52.27 109.92 2.18

Total Exports 0.58 2.06 1.93 2.67 2.67 2.09 1.68 Hard Coal 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coking Coal .. 0.03 Steam Coal .. 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.58 2.01 1.93 2.66 2.67 2.09 1.68 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.97 0.00 0.00 1.97

1.17 1.17





Japan 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

52858

68570

106918

150340

166418

180804

176985

179097

182254


50876 24149 10895 398 429 9956 11

62227 25917 10759 387 19414 70

64935 34505 11290 7367 225

57081 34757 5292 1422 367

57744 33907 3167 21 364

60884 35443 2042 5 1646 286

56530 33674 2503 447 253

57672 34929 2906 80 329

53993 35693 3143 2 431

420 2360 2244 14

979 2803 1898 -

2802 153 668 2955 4950 20

6774 5677 603 2104 27 58

9834 11 7595 45 2773 27

9027 12 9201 23 3184 15

6574 9850 25 3179 25

5807 9 10622 25 2939 26

1508 9681 3517 18

1982 668 105 -

6343 3462 352 385 -

41983 21346 6920 4516 138

93259 55147 8297 2230 575

108674 60914 5674 38 652

119920 66640 3826 9 3085 537

120455 68786 5069 905 512

121425 70833 5866 160 660

128261 79133 8122 -


1086 9 385 233 431

2504 94 409 2003 3402 150 501

12470 8908 945 3300 944 443

20435 20 13606 80 5047 8 1875 325

19042 23 17313 43 6363 2724 315

15483 19948 51 7292 21 15 2043 330

13658 18 21293 51 6496 2251 139

11471 20000 260 7639 1636 -





Japan 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

55.05

60.72

55.03

42.14

41.73

61.40

88.80

93.10

88.43

48.31 67.36 x x 60.35 46.06 43.51 42.55 50.14

55.27 71.27 x x 66.90 54.38 59.34 50.11 57.45

51.15 64.49 x x 61.37 49.49 48.26 49.54 54.81

43.32 50.50 x x 52.07 38.97 x x 45.59

43.56 51.64 x x 42.93 39.09 x x 46.05

56.85 62.04 x x 163.61 72.57 109.00 x 67.98

96.44 106.05 .. .. 159.01 100.45 x x 114.96

106.20 125.68 .. .. 159.35 91.98 88.35 x 116.69

96.03 112.61 .. .. 516.32 100.91 x x 105.45

42.64 50.97 47.85 36.95 34.93 51.48 62.73 Imports from: Australia 43.34 52.23 48.87 37.39 35.13 50.20 61.90 Canada 42.96 48.26 44.20 37.34 33.82 52.60 63.79 Czech Republic x x x x x x .. Poland x x x x x x .. United States 48.05 53.17 52.65 48.63 x 186.48 x China 38.52 47.59 44.48 36.25 35.28 55.06 65.65 Colombia 43.70 x x 50.13 67.62 x x South Africa 41.16 47.95 48.27 40.30 35.21 x 80.64 Former USSR(2) 40.24 46.54 43.45 34.35 34.28 59.02 66.10 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

63.33

70.92

63.90 56.32 .. .. 596.68 63.88 x x 62.20

71.03 66.04 .. .. 553.99 73.60 100.34 77.46 72.28

Coking Coal

(1)





Korea* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


350

700

300

600

250

500

200

400

150

300

100

200

50

100

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


90

80

80

70

70

60

60

50

50 40 40 30

30

20

20

10

10 0 1971

500

1977



0 1971




2006


450 500

400 350

400

300 250

300

200 200

150 100

100

50 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Korea 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 30.91 59.27 133.39 Coal and Peat 11.61 19.26 36.51 Oil 19.14 38.47 71.45 Gas 3.89 Comb. Renew/Waste 1.04 Nuclear 1.29 19.69 Hydro 0.16 0.24 0.78 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000 270.61 56.35 146.87 24.29 1.97 40.57 0.49 0.06 e -

2005

2006

2007e

303.64 70.67 135.62 39.10 3.06 54.64 0.45 0.00 0.07 0.02

309.29 75.16 133.74 41.00 3.48 55.38 0.43 0.01 0.08 0.02

324.36 82.22 139.87 44.50 3.97 53.21 0.45 0.02 0.09 0.03

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 8.98 6.97 8.06 9.87 -

5.40 4.62 4.00 15.85 7.81 6.68 -3.72 11.46 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

671 0.46 48.3 6.40 87.1 101.7 107.6 402 145.9

705 0.46 48.5 6.68 87.0 105.9 .. 437 155.8

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 7.95 0.96 1.35 7.52 0.96 -0.90 4.18 12.23 -

5.53 -0.13 0.75 4.61 -0.13 -0.87 3.23 8.73 7.98



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

11.35 -

11.71 -

10.82 -

2.56 -

1.73 -

1.73 -

1.77 -

-0.39 -

-10.83 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 18.05 18.63 17.22 4.15 2.83 2.82 2.89 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-0.39 -

-10.68 -




Korea 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

25.11 9.26 14.27 1.58 -

45.09 13.92 27.16 4.02 -

93.13 16.74 62.78 0.96 1.04 0.01 11.60 -

185.93 11.93 119.49 15.61 1.82 0.06 32.33 4.70

203.69 12.72 120.08 20.73 2.39 0.00 0.05 41.52 6.20

205.20 12.09 117.30 22.83 2.57 0.00 0.05 43.94 6.42

207.26 12.51 116.59 23.28 2.92 0.01 0.05 45.62 6.29

8.01 3.54 9.10 12.46 -

5.13 -1.80 3.94 22.04 6.65 7.78 8.94 -


9.17 0.56 7.52 1.09 -

14.73 1.92 10.01 2.79 -

27.51 4.36 15.54 0.10 0.41 7.10 -

53.97 11.12 15.72 4.11 1.51 18.48 3.04

57.16 11.78 11.91 5.63 1.93 0.00 0.00 21.78 4.13

56.72 10.73 11.28 5.95 2.09 0.00 0.00 22.60 4.06

57.93 10.93 11.09 6.24 2.32 0.00 0.00 23.28 4.08

6.68 12.88 4.36 11.67 -

4.76 5.91 -2.09 29.15 11.48 7.70 -


3.70 0.02 3.67 -

7.23 0.00 7.17 -

21.23 21.10 -

42.87 42.61 -

48.81 48.17 0.33

45.22 44.42 0.46

46.01 45.00 0.65

10.82 10.83 -

4.95 4.85 -


0.02 8.85 8.55 e 0.10 -

0.05 13.23 11.85 e 0.72 -

0.12 18.49 12.34 e 2.74 0.66 e

0.25 21.48 0.81 e 5.54 8.90

0.01 0.30 24.69 0.94 4.80 11.04

0.02 0.32 26.30 1.36 4.54 11.96

0.06 0.31 26.84 1.58 4.93 11.82

12.93 4.43 2.18 21.34 -

5.90 2.36 -12.07 3.74 19.72


0.19 1.27 0.14 0.86 -

0.65 3.64 0.14 e 3.00 -

0.56 0.01 2.18 12.42 0.04 e 10.09 0.19 e

0.09 0.05 4.56 1.53 24.59 13.25 2.58

0.06 0.04 5.97 1.83 25.55 8.55 3.70

0.07 0.00 0.04 6.25 2.07 27.47 8.45 4.42

0.07 0.00 0.04 6.45 1.95 25.50 5.52 4.55

15.43 14.33 -7.29 15.56 -

-12.06 10.35 7.02 4.60 -3.70 21.79

0.22 0.01 8.39 0.14 35.76 35.76 -

0.40 0.00 0.01 12.66 0.24 41.39 41.39 -

0.39 0.00 0.01 13.91 0.29 43.49 43.49 -

0.47 0.01 0.01 14.68 0.26 45.53 45.53 -

12.47 11.04 11.04 -

12.32 1.61 13.22 10.21 10.21 -


of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.07 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Electricity 0.27 0.50 2.01 Heat Non-Energy Use 1.62 4.37 9.61 Coal and Peat Oil 1.62 4.37 9.61 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



Korea 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce) 1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

11.7 5.0 e 2.6 e

10.8 22.5 e 3.2 e

2.6 54.9 e -1.1 e

1.7 67.0 1.9

1.7 72.0 1.5

1.8 80.0 0.5

0.8 23.2 x

-10.8 7.5 x


9.5 0.6 -0.2 1.6

Primary Supply

11.6

19.3

36.5

56.4

70.7

75.2

82.2

7.0

4.6


-0.0

-0.4

1.2

0.9

5.0

3.3

..

x

x


-2.2 e

-3.5 e

-18.8 e

-42.3 e

-63.4 e

-64.8 e

..

13.5

8.0


-0.5 e -0.4 -0.1 e

-1.2 e -1.2 -0.0 e

-8.5 e -5.6 e -2.9 e

-33.7 e -29.9 e -3.7 e

-51.9 -46.2 -5.7

-54.0 -48.3 -5.7

.. .. ..

18.5 16.4 25.9

12.2 14.4 4.3

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.7 e -0.2 e -0.0 e -1.5 e

-2.3 e -1.4 e -0.2 e -0.7 e

.. .. .. .. ..

11.1 21.7 28.5 7.0

0.3 3.3 10.2 -


Coal Transformation



Industry sector

e e e e


-

-

-

-

-1.4 e

-2.1 e

-3.0 e

-

-

-

9.3

13.9

16.7

0.6 0.6 e -

1.9 1.3 e 0.7 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

Other Sectors


-8.7 e -7.8 e -0.6 e -0.2 e

-0.1 e

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print (7)

-10.3 e -4.9 e -0.6 e -4.8 e

-

8.7 0.1 8.6 e

12.0 0.1 e 11.9 e


4.4 0.7 e 0.1 e 2.9 0.0 e 12.4 0.0 e 12.3 e -

-11.5 e -7.9 e -3.7 0.1

-10.8 e -8.4 e -2.6 0.1

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2

-1.1

..

17.8

-3.8

-

-

-

..

x

x

11.9

12.1

12.5

..

3.5

-1.8

11.1 3.1 e 0.2 4.4 -

10.7 5.4 0.1 4.0 0.0

10.9 5.4 e 0.1 4.2 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

12.9 1.4 -

5.9 13.6 4.0 2.3 18.0

0.8 0.8 e -

-

-

..

-

-

1.4 1.4

1.6 1.6

.. .. ..

2.1 -7.3 2.2

-12.1 -12.1

-

-

..

-

-




Korea 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)



1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

19.88 0.52 0.52 18.29 0.84 0.68 0.16 0.22 -

23.80 1.87 1.87 19.97 1.75 0.71 1.05 0.22 -

33.04 7.71 7.71 20.70 4.59 0.17 0.08 3.53 0.00 0.80 0.05 -

47.13 36.16 36.16 1.22 9.76 0.27 5.31 4.19 -

58.93 50.28 47.87 2.41 1.39 - e 7.65 1.18 0.13 5.29 0.07 0.98 -

61.39 52.72 50.21 2.51 2.01 7.09 1.19 0.13 4.75 0.04 0.98 -

63.98 55.14 52.60 2.54 2.33 7.29 1.35 0.13 4.69 0.04 1.08 -

4.32 25.23 25.23 1.04 15.15 -10.91 29.42 -12.19 -

4.22 13.09 12.76 -12.77 2.93 13.78 3.47 1.78 17.39 1.86 -

2.01 2.01 -

3.99 3.99 -

11.74 11.74 -

19.42 16.38 3.03 -

21.03 15.96 5.07 e -

20.88 15.40 5.48 -

20.73 15.11 5.60 0.25 0.25 -

15.84 15.84 -

3.62 1.59 -

-

-

-

-





-

-

-


Korea 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. 190.75 ..

.. 99.47 ..

.. 209.61 ..

.. 229.39 ..

50.52 258.12 227.79

58.45 .. 285.46

54.72 .. 371.04

64.00 .. 381.07

.. .. .. .. ..

32.75 .. 190.75 .. ..

61.03 .. 99.47 .. ..

58.34 .. 209.61 216.55 ..

58.42 .. 229.39 236.47 ..

57.89 72.67 258.12 265.55 265.87

66.78 116.55 330.61 326.85 305.23

61.11 120.21 412.69 427.51 385.16

75.33 110.17 419.76 436.73 428.61


(Korean Wons / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

.. 152225 ..

.. 92585 ..

.. 311681 ..

.. 359186 ..

54543 388560 335334

56432 .. 375833

49119 .. 454149

56055 .. 455166

Steam Coal .. 18743 Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. 152225 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

40740 .. 92585 .. ..

62210 .. 311681 321999 ..

65598 .. 359186 370266 ..

62495 78452 388560 399742 391405

64479 112530 445095 440030 401855

54853 107902 516531 535074 471430

65984 96501 512681 533407 511948

For Industry



2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

22.46 22.46 11.13 e 11.34 e -

54.93 54.93 18.42 36.51 -

66.84 66.44 19.13 47.31 0.39

71.78 71.14 20.56 50.58 0.64

67.00 66.69 19.45 47.24 0.32

71.97 71.68 18.93 52.74 0.29

79.99 79.48 21.24 58.23 0.51

Total Exports 0.17 Hard Coal 0.17 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-


1973

1980

0.65 0.61 .. .. 0.04

4.96 4.84 3.87 e 0.97 e 0.12




Korea 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

2169

5032

23729 e

63724 e

73607 e

78963

76758

79707

88285


2009 1150 409 450 -

3987 2277 828 882 -

11287 5053 2026 2908 -

19575 10641 4097 1419 -

20315 12535 3026 36 -

21808 12442 4206 533 33

20627 11664 4315 901 -

20081 11677 4089 120 -

22532 14362 5034 252 -

-

-

3781 937 -

3638 956 -

3258 489 -

3096 1099 -

2172 712 -

160 -

1045 800 15 230 -

e e

53292 e 13809 741 171 5

57155 17695 280 530 242

56131 19207 4 365 56

59626 17344 766 538 3

65753 14799 1059 71 7

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 160 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics

-

20210 e 5277 e 2503 e 2197 e 68 e -

27347 e 8121 2097 933 e 68

20351 13457 4087 513 -

17580 15382 3018 358 161

15646 20697 3933 635 64

17631 25336 301 5643 740 166


e e e

e

100 e 1200 12442 3506 1250 1235 -

e e e

e

1000 e 397 e 5054 e -

e e e

e

2781 e 209 e 394 e 34 e 44149 12019 1647 166 62

e e e




Korea 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

..

..

..

45.04

46.58

68.79

110.75

114.69

105.43

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

44.52 48.24 .. .. .. 43.29 .. .. 44.86

46.19 48.65 .. .. .. 44.61 .. .. 48.38

58.24 60.15 .. .. 144.12 111.54 .. .. 82.15

106.89 106.32 .. .. 138.42 121.09 .. .. 124.34

112.87 125.78 .. .. 135.17 108.61 .. .. 95.28

103.16 109.12 .. .. 123.05 107.69 .. .. 102.14

.. .. .. 30.68 29.39 48.21 55.76 Imports from: Australia .. .. .. 33.54 29.95 48.77 58.85 Canada .. .. .. 34.18 31.81 58.71 95.90 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. United States .. .. .. 21.88 .. 30.33 31.96 China .. .. .. 30.32 29.66 51.54 59.44 Colombia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. South Africa .. .. .. .. 24.21 .. .. Former USSR(2) .. .. .. 29.76 30.68 57.14 58.14 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

51.73

61.19

54.91 59.40 .. .. 32.11 56.63 .. .. 54.19

60.28 67.51 .. .. 29.67 69.56 .. 71.15 71.32

Coking Coal

(1)





Luxembourg* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


7

120

6

100

5

80

4 60 3 40 2 20

1 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 4.0

4.0

3.5

3.5

3.0

3.0

2.5

2.5

2.0

2.0

1.5

1.5

1.0

1.0

0.5

0.5

4.0



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

4.5

0.0 1971

1977


2007e

0.0 1971


3.5

16

3.0

14



2006


12

2.5

10

2.0

8 1.5 6 1.0

4

0.5 0.0 1971

2

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Luxembourg 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 6.41 5.18 Coal and Peat 3.48 2.61 Oil 2.36 1.57 Gas 0.31 0.61 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 Nuclear Hydro 0.01 0.01 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.25 0.35 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

5.06 1.62 2.30 0.61 0.04 0.01 0.48 -

5.20 0.18 3.27 0.96 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.70 -

6.73 0.12 4.43 1.68 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.40 -

6.73 0.16 4.26 1.76 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.44 -

6.57 0.11 4.14 1.66 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.49 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 -1.38 -4.40 -0.14 4.05 2.37 3.95 -

1.80 -13.54 3.92 6.82 6.07 2.92 -0.62 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

26 0.26 0.5 14.23 102.0 69.3 89.8 4 122.6

27 0.24 0.5 13.66 94.4 47.4 .. 3 117.6

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.42 -4.64 0.50 -1.87 -4.64 -7.57 -1.38 -4.62 1.30

4.69 -2.76 1.34 0.45 -2.76 -17.41 -1.75 11.43 2.74





1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-




Luxembourg 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

4.18 1.40 2.17 0.25 0.36 -

3.97 1.49 1.53 0.51 0.44 -

4.19 0.78 2.30 0.60 0.51 -

5.10 0.18 3.27 0.89 0.02 0.00 0.70 0.04

6.24 0.13 4.25 0.97 0.02 0.00 0.79 0.07

6.34 0.12 4.43 0.93 0.02 0.00 0.76 0.09

6.31 0.16 4.26 0.98 0.02 0.00 0.80 0.09

0.01 -3.36 0.35 5.21 1.99 -

2.59 -9.51 3.93 3.10 2.85 -


2.94 1.35 1.10 0.20 0.29 -

2.34 1.45 0.24 0.35 0.30 -

1.91 0.77 0.39 0.40 0.35 -

1.37 0.18 0.11 0.59 0.47 0.02

1.38 0.13 0.08 0.61 0.52 0.04

1.35 0.12 0.12 0.60 0.49 0.03

1.46 0.16 0.11 0.62 0.52 0.04

-2.52 -3.22 -5.94 4.17 1.02 -

-1.67 -9.47 -7.46 2.83 2.63 -


0.41 0.40 -

0.71 0.71 -

1.44 1.44 -

2.69 2.68 -

3.70 3.69 -

3.89 3.87 -

3.76 3.74 -

7.72 7.75 -

6.16 6.16 -


0.00 0.73 0.05 0.60 0.05

0.01 0.76 0.03 0.51 0.16

0.01 0.71 0.01 0.43 0.20

0.01 0.85 0.00 0.43 0.30

0.00 0.01 0.95 0.00 0.44 0.36

0.00 0.01 0.88 0.00 0.38 0.34

0.00 0.01 0.86 0.00 0.35 0.35

3.05 -0.10 -9.72 -1.86 8.04

4.49 1.19 -14.59 -1.36 3.59


0.03 -

0.06 0.06 -

0.07 0.08 -

0.02 0.00 0.08 0.01 0.13 -

0.02 0.00 0.09 0.04 0.16 -

0.02 0.00 0.09 0.05 0.16 -

0.02 0.00 0.09 e 0.05 0.16 -

5.87 -

1.65 4.70 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.06 0.08 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.04 0.06 0.03 Coal and Peat Oil 0.04 0.06 0.03 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.13 0.02 0.02 -

0.16 0.02 0.02 -

0.16 0.03 0.03 -

0.16 e 0.03 0.03 -

-1.93 -1.93 -

4.70 -0.22 -0.22 -


of which:



Luxembourg 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


3.5 -0.0

2.6 -0.0

1.6 -

0.2 -

0.1 -

0.2 -

0.1 -

-4.4 x

-13.5 x

Primary Supply

3.5

2.6

1.6

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.1

-4.4

-13.5


0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x


-1.9 e

-1.1 e

-0.8 e

-

-

-

..

-5.1

-


-0.4 -0.4 -

-0.2 -0.2

-0.2 -0.2

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-3.7 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.5 e -1.5 e -

-0.8 e -0.8 e -

-0.6 e -0.6 e -

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-5.5 -5.5 -

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1

-0.1

-0.0

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.4

1.5

0.8

0.2

0.1

0.2

..

-3.4

-9.5

1.3 1.3 -

1.5 1.3 e 0.1 -

0.8 0.6 e 0.2 -

0.2 0.0 0.1 -

0.1 0.0 0.1 -

0.2 0.0 0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-3.2 -4.5 -

-9.5 -14.6 -2.6 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-9.7 -9.7

-14.6 -14.6

-

-

-

-

..

-

-


Coal Transformation




Industry sector


(7)






Luxembourg 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


0.50 0.50 0.50 0.01 -

0.35 0.02 0.02 0.33 0.22 0.11 0.01 -

0.20 0.20 0.04 0.16 0.00 -

0.17 0.17 0.04 0.13 -

0.13 0.13 0.04 0.09 -

0.11 0.11 0.03 0.08 -

0.15 0.15 0.05 0.10 -

-7.48 -7.45 -19.27 -12.55 -

-1.57 -1.54 1.60 -2.58 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries




Luxembourg 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

.. 131.80 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. x .. .. ..

.. x .. .. 134.97

.. x 94.73 .. ..

.. x x 130.60 ..

.. x x 156.10 ..

.. x x 152.43 ..

.. x x .. ..

.. x x .. ..

.. x x .. ..



.. .. ..

.. 131.73 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal x x High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. 125.81 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. x 108.26 .. ..

.. x x 195.34 ..

.. x x 190.45 ..

.. x x 169.16 ..

.. x x .. ..

.. x x .. ..

.. x x .. ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

3.49 0.30 .. .. 3.19

2.63 0.36 0.36 0.02 2.26

1.62 0.20 0.20 1.42

0.18 0.17 0.17 0.01

0.11 0.11 0.11 0.01

0.13 0.13 0.13 0.01

0.12 0.11 0.11 0.01

0.16 0.15 0.15 0.00

0.11 0.11 0.11 0.00

Total Exports Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-





Luxembourg 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

495

364

197

171

106

129

111

153

109

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

495 299 12 1 6

364 75 50 171 23

197 1 34

171 5 52

106 5 56

129 7 60

111 3 59

153 4 97

109 1 57


45 -

138 24 -

114 -

45 -

62 -

49 -

52 -

51 -





Mexico* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


300

300

250

250

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


14

16

12

14 12

10

10 8 8 6 6 4

4

2

2

0 1971

300

1977



0 1971




2006


400

250

350 200

300 250

150

200 100

150 100

50 50 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Mexico 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 75.99 137.92 175.73 Coal and Peat 2.62 3.38 4.95 Oil 47.28 94.11 117.16 Gas 14.99 27.33 33.03 Comb. Renew/Waste 8.87 9.82 10.49 Nuclear 1.09 Hydro 1.99 2.07 2.88 Geothermal 0.20 1.12 6.29 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.04 0.08 -0.17 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

214.51 9.78 130.95 47.87 11.35 3.06 4.07 7.25 0.06 0.11 -

252.34 12.64 148.32 63.13 11.89 4.02 3.40 8.96 0.12 -0.15 -

253.47 12.49 143.91 69.37 11.66 4.05 3.73 8.21 0.14 -0.10 -

263.03 12.45 146.76 75.70 11.78 3.88 3.33 9.09 0.17 -0.14 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 5.06 3.81 5.48 4.76 0.99 2.21 22.57 -

2.32 5.95 1.29 4.75 0.66 8.52 1.63 1.68 48.80 -3.49 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

666 0.38 104.7 2.42 103.1 111.5 102.7 250 107.1

687 0.38 105.7 2.49 103.6 107.5 .. 257 108.6


3.03 -0.69 1.60 0.70 -0.69 2.84 1.05 4.46 2.95



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

2.47 -

2.48 -

2.37 2.46 -

1.77 5.96 -

1.44 5.93 -

1.53 6.34 -

1.63 5.97 -

-0.34 -

-2.69 6.08 -

Mt: Coking Coal 3.09 3.09 2.96 2.21 1.79 1.91 2.03 Steam Coal 3.97 9.13 8.96 9.57 9.01 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-0.34 -

-2.69 5.66 -




Mexico 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

57.66 1.96 32.58 10.38 8.87 3.88 -

96.21 2.29 58.74 18.34 9.82 7.02 -

126.21 2.22 80.96 20.23 10.49 12.31 -

143.72 1.97 89.94 21.64 10.19 0.06 19.92 -

150.38 1.82 97.46 20.19 9.92 0.10 20.88 -

155.20 1.99 100.50 19.69 10.27 0.12 22.62 -

162.05 2.30 105.15 20.96 10.05 0.13 23.45 -

4.72 0.75 5.50 4.00 0.99 7.03 -

1.57 0.22 1.65 0.22 -0.27 4.11 -


20.16 1.96 5.00 9.09 1.89 2.22 -

31.75 2.29 8.61 14.93 2.20 3.71 -

39.55 2.19 12.85 15.46 2.49 6.56 -

42.56 1.97 10.95 15.76 1.66 12.22 -

38.86 1.82 8.46 14.61 1.46 12.50 -

39.42 1.99 8.18 14.28 1.83 13.15 -

40.14 2.30 7.72 14.85 1.62 13.64 -

4.04 0.66 5.71 3.17 1.62 6.57 -

0.09 0.32 -3.13 -0.25 -2.64 4.68 -


18.62 18.57 -

34.61 34.56 -

44.70 44.60 -

54.23 53.19 0.91

64.21 63.20 0.86

67.79 66.60 1.04

72.85 71.27 1.44

5.29 5.29 -

3.10 2.97 -


0.04 12.27 3.68 0.56

0.05 15.94 6.42 0.67

0.10 21.08 9.41 1.16

0.13 24.71 10.91 0.84

0.14 25.43 10.72 1.23

0.15 25.91 10.57 1.23

0.15 26.57 10.99 1.20

4.91 3.23 5.68 4.40

2.48 1.46 0.98 0.25

6.98 1.06 1.00 1.00 -

7.62 1.23 2.80 1.84 -

8.01 2.51 3.21 1.88 -

8.53 4.44 4.97 2.47 0.27

8.46 5.02 5.03 2.28 0.28

8.45 5.67 5.29 2.29 0.29

8.43 5.94 5.47 2.38 0.31

0.81 5.17 7.08 3.75 -

0.33 5.55 3.39 1.50 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.97 1.34 Heat Non-Energy Use 3.36 7.12 13.44 Coal and Peat 0.03 Oil 2.63 4.39 9.79 Gas 0.73 2.73 3.61 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.06 2.16 13.27 9.41 3.85

0.10 2.37 12.81 9.60 3.20

0.12 2.59 12.25 9.40 2.85

0.13 2.65 12.25 9.09 3.16

8.50 8.04 9.89

4.37 -0.57 -0.46 -0.82


of which:




Mexico 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


2.2 0.4 0.1

2.5 0.9 -0.1 0.1

4.8 0.3 -0.0 -0.2

7.7 2.4 -0.0 -0.4

7.4 5.4 -0.0 -0.1

7.9 5.6 -0.0 -1.0

7.6 4.1 -0.0 0.8

4.8 -0.9 x

3.1 19.2 -6.8 x

Primary Supply

2.6

3.4

5.0

9.8

12.6

12.5

12.4

3.8

6.0


-0.1

-0.2

0.1

-

1.3

0.3

..

x

x


-0.5

-0.9

-2.8

-7.8 e

-11.9

-10.4

..

10.3

8.7


-0.1 -0.1 -

-

-2.6 -2.6 -

-6.8 -6.2 -0.6

-11.4 -11.2 -0.2

-10.1 -10.0 -0.2

.. .. ..

23.5 23.5 -

8.9 8.8 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.4 -0.4 -

-0.9 -0.9 -

-0.2 -0.2 -

-0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -

-0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-6.0 -6.0 -

3.5 -3.5 -


Coal Transformation


-0.9 e -0.7 e -0.2 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

-1.6

-3.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

2.0

2.3

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.3

..

0.7

0.2

2.0 2.0 -

2.3 2.3 -

2.2 1.9 0.0 -

2.0 1.7 e 0.0 -

2.0 1.7 0.1 -

2.3 2.0 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.7 -0.1 -

0.3 0.2 9.9 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-


-

-

-

..

-

-



Industry sector


(7)





Mexico 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)



1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

-

-

3.97 3.97 3.97 -

11.36 9.57 9.57 1.79 -

13.01 11.51 11.51 1.33 0.17 0.17 -

16.88 14.92 14.92 1.77 0.19 0.19 -

16.60 14.70 14.70 1.66 0.24 0.24 -

-

9.35 8.52 8.52 -

4.05 3.97 -

3.97 3.98 -

2.91 2.89 -

0.93 0.93 -

0.44 0.44 -

0.25 0.25 -

0.26 0.26 -

-2.72 -2.61 -

-14.08 -14.04 -

-

0.00 0.00 -

0.00 0.00 -

0.00 0.00 -

0.00 0.00 -

-

-






Mexico 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. 7.80 10.48

33.26 10.58 13.84

48.19 38.04 68.38

48.69 86.20 116.69

49.13 95.97 159.64

56.83 99.50 213.88

62.69 122.84 282.93

64.79 174.80 264.12

70.26 174.32 245.98

x .. 7.80 .. 10.39

x .. 10.58 .. 13.84

x .. 38.04 .. 68.38

x .. 86.29 .. 116.69

x .. 96.64 .. 159.64

x .. 100.11 .. 233.87

x .. 124.95 .. 277.77

x .. 176.42 .. 266.91

x .. 179.04 .. 269.95


(Mexican Pesos / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 0.26 0.31

0.50 0.35 0.41

89.48 156.54 249.77

300.80 1180.30 1418.28

346.46 1499.93 2214.71

419.01 1625.80 3102.12

446.18 1937.60 3961.39

461.72 2760.51 3702.49

501.85 2759.54 3456.47

Steam Coal x x Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil 0.26 0.35 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 0.31 0.41 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

x .. 156.54 .. 249.77

x .. 1181.46 .. 1418.28

x .. 1510.32 .. 2214.71

x .. 1635.69 .. 3392.06

x .. 1970.92 .. 3889.13

x .. 2786.06 .. 3741.57

x .. 2834.26 .. 3793.16

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.39 0.25 .. .. 0.14

0.92 0.81 0.81 0.12

0.34 0.22 0.22 0.11

2.43 1.85 1.85 0.00 0.57

5.42 4.96 4.96 0.00 0.46

3.37 2.89 2.89 0.00 0.48

5.41 5.05 5.05 0.00 0.35

5.57 5.28 5.28 0.00 0.29

4.07 3.82 3.82 0.00 0.25

Total Exports 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coal 0.00 0.00 Coking Coal .. 0.00 Steam Coal .. 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00





Mexico 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

570

823

228

2432

7236

4092

7262

7622

5459


570 470 -

823 723 -

228 122 6 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

100

100

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2432 1074 538 697 -

7236 5661 466 1052 -

4092 2055 1033 942 -

7262 5326 579 1021 222

7622 6379 511 369 140

5459 4624 279 505 -


-

-

1 66 56 -

18 8 1 30 -

20 9 33 -

3 111 -

2 193 28 -

2 49 -





Netherlands* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


140

250

120 200 100 150

80 60

100

40 50 20 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


30

14

25

12 10

20

8 15 6 10 4 5

2

0 1971

120

1977



0 1971




2006


180 100

160 140

80

120 60

100 80

40

60 40

20

20 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Netherlands 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 89.69 93.26 Coal and Peat 4.10 5.42 Oil 44.64 42.54 Gas 40.71 43.46 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.32 Nuclear 0.41 1.56 Hydro Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.17 -0.04 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

95.89 12.76 35.32 44.00 1.34 1.30 0.01 0.01 1.13 -

109.15 11.50 41.64 49.57 2.48 1.46 0.02 0.15 2.32 -

117.69 11.71 47.72 50.45 3.75 1.49 0.01 0.32 2.25 -

114.45 11.12 46.28 48.93 3.80 1.29 0.01 0.39 2.64 -

118.90 10.83 52.52 47.51 3.83 1.56 0.01 0.47 2.16 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.39 6.91 -1.37 0.46 7.00 -

1.11 -0.86 1.70 0.67 6.70 -0.06 1.39 25.71 5.43 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

421 0.27 16.3 7.00 95.8 88.4 98.9 98 104.7

436 0.27 16.5 7.22 96.2 83.2 .. 103 107.8

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.41 -1.97 0.63 -0.23 -1.97 4.40 0.60 1.86 1.01

2.54 -1.39 0.56 0.55 -1.39 -3.31 -0.22 1.98 1.55





1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-




Netherlands 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

69.20 1.55 34.64 27.56 5.45 -

72.45 1.11 29.65 34.64 7.05 -

72.71 1.97 27.89 32.85 0.52 0.00 9.03 0.44

84.42 1.18 34.35 32.95 0.53 0.02 12.03 3.36

89.71 1.40 38.18 33.22 0.56 0.03 12.67 3.65

91.32 1.33 40.45 31.85 0.56 0.03 12.84 4.26

87.50 1.24 37.87 31.22 0.66 0.03 13.02 3.46

0.29 1.44 -1.27 1.04 3.02 -

1.16 -2.84 1.93 -0.32 1.43 14.82 2.31 13.80


19.30 1.09 3.79 11.63 2.79 -

17.59 0.99 3.63 9.52 3.45 -

16.15 1.58 1.12 9.30 0.06 4.08 -

17.97 0.77 2.29 8.20 0.10 4.99 1.62

19.18 0.93 2.40 8.56 0.15 5.08 2.05

20.27 0.89 3.00 8.21 0.16 5.11 2.90

17.60 0.86 1.40 7.90 0.19 5.11 2.14

-1.04 2.21 -6.90 -1.31 2.26 -

0.54 -3.71 1.39 -1.01 7.43 1.41 -


10.46 10.35 -

12.16 12.04 -

14.77 14.61 -

20.33 20.13 -

21.55 21.34 -

21.59 21.39 -

22.31 22.05 0.00

2.05 2.05 -

2.61 2.60 -


0.11 18.66 0.34 6.77 10.21

0.12 20.25 0.07 2.01 16.31

0.16 14.19 0.03 0.35 11.23

0.20 14.72 0.01 0.08 11.38

0.20 14.91 0.01 0.09 11.28

0.20 14.43 0.01 0.11 10.74

0.06 0.20 14.30 0.01 0.13 10.53

2.09 -1.60 -12.77 -16.03 0.56

1.47 0.05 -7.82 -6.13 -0.40

1.35 2.74 1.53 -

1.86 2.52 1.07 0.04

0.40 0.00 2.03 0.15 8.43 0.04 0.90 4.76

0.34 0.02 2.68 0.21 10.54 0.03 0.41 5.26

0.33 0.03 2.89 0.29 11.84 0.04 0.44 6.25

0.33 0.03 2.98 0.24 10.64 0.04 0.55 5.10

0.33 0.03 3.05 0.23 11.17 0.03 0.49 5.98

2.44 6.85 -3.07 -

-1.26 14.82 2.59 2.75 1.77 -0.86 -3.79 1.43

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.06 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.20 1.41 2.54 Heat 0.14 Non-Energy Use 10.80 12.36 14.03 Coal and Peat 0.32 Oil 10.80 9.87 10.47 Gas 2.49 3.25 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.08 3.72 1.04 14.67 0.37 10.72 3.58

0.07 4.00 1.04 16.69 0.41 13.20 3.08

0.07 3.85 1.04 18.62 0.39 14.71 3.51

0.07 3.83 0.78 16.48 0.34 13.09 3.05

4.50 1.55 -0.19 -

0.44 2.61 11.54 1.01 0.42 1.41 -0.39


of which:




Netherlands 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


1.6 4.2 -2.0 0.3

7.3 -2.0 0.1

16.8 -3.3 -0.7

20.5 -8.7 -0.2

18.6 -6.7 -0.2

20.8 -9.4 -0.3

16.1 -5.1 -0.2

8.5 2.9 x

1.3 6.8 x

Primary Supply

4.1

5.4

12.8

11.5

11.7

11.1

10.8

6.9

-0.9


0.1

0.1

-0.6

-0.1

-

-

..

x

x

-9.6 e

..

10.7

-0.2


-1.8 e

-4.1 e

-9.9 e


-1.1 -1.1 -

-2.6 -2.4 -0.2

-8.3 -8.2 -0.1

-8.2 -8.2 -0.0

-8.0 -8.0 -0.0

-7.7 -7.7 -0.0

.. .. ..

12.5 12.4 -

-0.4 -0.4 -11.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.6 e -0.8 e 0.2 0.0

-1.6 e -1.2 e -0.4 -

-1.6 e -1.5 e -0.1 -

-1.8 e -1.6 e -0.2 -

-2.1 e -1.9 e -0.2 -

-1.9 e -1.7 e -0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

5.4 3.3 -

1.2 1.0 3.3 -


Coal Transformation


-10.0 e

-10.1 e

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.9

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

..

-5.5

-1.7

-0.1

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.5

1.1

2.0

1.2

1.3

1.2

..

1.4

-2.8

1.1 0.7 0.2 0.0 -

1.0 0.6 0.2 0.2 -

1.6 0.9 e 0.4 0.1 0.0

0.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 -

0.9 0.8 e 0.0 -

0.9 0.8 e 0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

2.2 1.6 2.8 10.5 -

-3.7 -0.9 -5.5 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.5 0.3

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-10.1 -12.8

-3.6 -0.9 -7.8


0.4

0.4

0.3

..

-

0.4



Industry sector


(7)





Netherlands 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


1.85 1.70 1.59 0.11 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.07 -

2.45 2.40 2.26 0.14 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.01 0.07 -

9.64 8.72 8.69 0.03 0.48 0.36 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.06 0.01

8.88 8.59 8.59 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.01

8.93 8.88 8.88 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.00

8.31 8.27 8.27 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 -

8.26 8.23 8.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 -

14.74 14.59 15.21 -9.75 19.17 17.55 22.79 -0.98 -

-0.96 -0.36 -0.34 -27.22 -19.63 -21.39 -5.71 -

2.95 3.28 -

3.52 3.67 -

4.39 3.85 0.62 0.06 0.06 -

4.05 3.01 1.05 0.00

4.62 3.15 1.41 0.06 0.06 0.00

4.70 3.16 1.47 0.07 0.05 0.02 0.00

4.39 3.05 1.29 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.00

3.36 1.33 -

-1.44 4.69 -0.99 -3.41 -

0.07 0.16 0.07 0.07 0.15 0.06 0.07 0.15 0.06 0.00 0.01 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.04 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.02 -

0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 -

0.05 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.02 -

0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 -

0.12 -0.95 -1.23 -

-4.15 -8.50 -10.80 5.89 8.14 -





Netherlands 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


40.99 65.34 61.49

63.99 138.04 126.93

71.37 .. 103.23

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

57.76 105.55 71.09 .. 68.25

62.94 131.85 133.96 .. 113.74

62.74 154.34 131.18 .. 97.42

.. .. x 156.50 129.53

.. .. x 190.79 172.95

.. .. x 199.49 ..

.. .. x 255.43 ..

.. .. x 295.94 ..

.. .. x 323.99 ..



40.25 89.46 77.63

57.72 173.60 147.20

58.95 .. 109.63

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..


51.82 123.84 151.08 .. 103.46

.. .. x 236.75 180.69

.. .. x 235.42 196.79

.. .. x 223.91 ..

.. .. x 286.69 ..

.. .. x 328.86 ..

.. .. x 329.76 ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

4.20 3.52 .. .. 0.01 0.66

7.32 6.38 3.15 3.23 0.11 0.84

16.78 16.19 4.51 11.68 0.05 0.54

20.46 19.60 4.76 14.84 0.03 0.83

20.20 19.44 4.46 14.98 0.03 0.72

20.81 20.32 4.88 15.44 0.03 0.46

18.61 18.12 4.88 13.24 0.03 0.46

20.75 20.01 4.46 15.56 0.03 0.71

16.12 15.54 3.07 12.47 0.04 0.55

Total Exports 1.99 2.02 3.26 8.71 7.02 8.55 6.73 Hard Coal 1.07 1.33 2.31 7.89 6.46 8.20 6.37 Coking Coal .. 0.04 0.92 0.29 0.39 0.23 Steam Coal .. 1.30 2.31 6.97 6.17 7.81 6.14 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.93 0.68 0.95 0.82 0.56 0.35 0.36 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

9.37 8.39 0.04 8.35 0.98

5.10 4.58 4.58 0.52





Netherlands 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

5038

7156

17440

22295

21620

22603

20415

22844

17822


2853 961 89 782 376 644 1

3399 382 114 670 482 1749 1

4603 449 426 462 98 3110 4

4864 1903 366 319 1620 1

4561 972 1139 18 1173 73

4988 655 1500 1 1417 73

4987 1346 902 1364 99

4558 1437 607 1 1274 -

3135 1081 666 802 4

-

1

1 6 46 1 -

10 441 204 -

80 110 118 27 851 -

91 11 296 943 1

359 204 713 -

384 815 40 -

38 125 10 409 -

2185 529 55 62 703 264 166 14 10

3757 792 68 706 460 156 1053 63

12837 5176 72 1043 3023 237

17431 1110 19 1246 9 1242 365

17059 1589 41 28 359 2 8 137

17615 745 140 177 180 1 406 167

15428 439 43 97 68 290 239

18286 390 2 29 237 16 163 210

14687 1026 124 7 58 784 805


459 -

152 1514 133 1436 32 19 -

271 4795 2644 5269 174 90 158 39

227 4282 1972 7976 261 122 5 50

143 4424 1784 8305 973 1 169

83 5703 992 6084 1250 33 107

62 5923 3152 6430 1419 141 92 20

12 4898 844 4493 1510 69 57 -





Netherlands 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

13

39

-

938

293

395

236

45

-

13 13 -

39 9 27 3 -

-

938 10 928 -

293 36 253 4 -

393 103 7 195 88 -

236 236 -

27 4 23 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

18 18

-


-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-





Netherlands 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

475

1508

2512

8184

7002

8897

7138

9813

5391

475 231 9 228 5 2 -

1493 575 59 146 87 409 1 4 24 121 67 -

2448 469 2 2 261 1410 48 7 3 26 7 213 -

8158 1 149 316 7041 3 53 309 19 267 -

6824 2 177 770 5400 200 104 171 -

8781 72 117 28 1406 6406 3 228 49 472 -

7114 4 38 18 67 309 1291 4599 71 60 33 1 172 6 17 13 415 -

9703 1 36 41 95 7 1532 7315 60 48 45 9 7 165 14 39 11 278 -

5301 243 16 67 2 440 4126 39 24 2 9 333 -

-

5 5 -

64 61 3 -

-

-

-

24 3 21

110 16 13 81

39 9 30


10

-

26

178

116

-

-

51





Netherlands 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

62.90

60.87

53.77

55.55

63.00

78.99

104.06

125.70

125.84

61.99 46.53 .. 50.54 57.37 .. .. 41.29 50.79

60.19 59.41 .. 60.71 51.33 46.96 50.24 47.62 ..

56.87 54.78 .. 55.46 57.65 39.24 .. .. 33.59

52.70 55.69 .. 36.81 62.05 96.07 .. .. ..

64.81 61.32 .. .. 68.56 129.95 .. 48.99 64.70

86.94 76.24 .. .. 86.30 .. 76.73 .. 68.97

101.15 100.14 .. .. 108.36 352.78 130.59 .. 95.25

126.33 143.55 .. .. 127.21 127.00 .. .. 88.14

127.31 131.67 .. .. 128.72 269.39 .. .. 91.41

39.52 52.25 43.89 35.81 37.27 55.09 68.86 Imports from: Australia 39.88 52.28 42.39 43.79 45.99 70.15 106.55 Canada .. .. .. .. 90.34 103.25 144.61 Czech Republic 63.86 .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland 43.19 55.66 46.60 33.79 37.89 70.15 304.89 United States 43.36 54.91 49.37 39.15 35.34 53.90 76.01 China 38.66 51.46 42.61 34.96 38.27 62.91 77.09 Colombia 37.43 51.72 40.75 32.69 34.28 54.89 65.86 South Africa 36.10 43.71 41.63 35.86 36.35 52.22 65.31 Former USSR(2) 37.78 47.99 58.39 35.41 40.39 74.07 67.64 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

68.57

79.12

108.34 145.81 .. 61.40 100.13 .. 62.25 64.04 76.60

102.57 94.31 .. 75.83 88.56 .. 78.24 75.31 79.08

Coking Coal

(1)





New Zealand* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


30

140

25

120 100

20 80 15 60 10

40

5

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


6.0

3.5

5.0

3.0 2.5

4.0

2.0 3.0 1.5 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 1971

50

0.5

1977



2007e

0.0 1971


45



2006


35

40 30

35 30

25

25

20

20

15

15 10

10

5

5 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


New Zealand 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 11.74 13.11 Coal and Peat 1.80 1.46 Oil 6.25 6.00 Gas 0.40 1.13 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.74 Nuclear Hydro 1.76 2.33 Geothermal 1.53 1.46 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

19.66 1.62 5.67 5.57 0.78 2.87 3.16 -

25.85 1.49 8.99 7.22 1.23 3.00 3.90 0.01 -

24.71 2.86 9.77 4.56 1.51 2.87 3.04 0.08 0.02

25.06 2.99 9.87 4.68 1.49 2.88 3.04 0.08 0.02

25.96 2.21 10.32 5.34 1.67 2.89 3.38 0.13 0.04

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.08 -0.64 -0.57 16.69 2.92 4.37 -

1.53 3.91 3.53 -1.07 4.13 0.03 -0.25 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


33 33 40 53 62 0.36 0.40 0.49 0.49 0.40 Population (millions) 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.1 TPES/population(1) 3.95 4.17 5.85 6.70 6.03 TPES/GDP(2) 73.2 81.0 100.7 100.0 80.7 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 195.4 156.2 143.9 100.0 162.3 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 76.3 92.6 109.3 100.0 95.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 19 23 32 39 43 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 83.1 100.0 110.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

64 0.39 4.1 6.05 80.3 166.4 94.6 44 108.5

66 0.40 4.2 6.23 80.6 119.2 .. 44 110.2

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.16 1.89 0.73 2.33 1.89 -1.78 2.14 3.32 -

2.97 -1.40 1.31 0.21 -1.40 0.91 -0.90 1.89 1.68



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.01 1.53 0.07 -

0.18 1.36 0.10 -

0.55 1.35 0.08 -

1.72 1.51 0.10 -

2.37 1.88 0.12 -

2.84 2.00 0.12 -

1.97 1.93 0.13 -

38.38 -1.01 0.89 -

10.77 2.45 2.95 -


39.12 -0.70 0.54 -

10.28 2.52 2.81 -




New Zealand 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

8.68 1.24 5.27 0.20 1.96 -

10.14 1.15 5.44 0.52 0.63 2.40 -

13.57 0.97 6.31 1.85 0.64 0.39 3.41 -

18.82 0.66 8.29 4.42 0.99 0.32 4.13 -

19.39 0.74 9.69 2.78 1.18 0.33 0.01 4.67 -

18.54 0.69 9.77 1.85 1.21 0.33 0.01 4.68 -

18.76 0.75 9.74 2.01 1.19 0.33 0.01 4.72 -

2.67 -1.46 1.06 13.84 3.33 -

2.04 -1.56 2.75 0.54 3.95 -0.98 2.05 -


2.81 0.98 1.06 0.07 0.69 -

3.44 0.78 0.87 0.38 0.46 0.94 -

4.17 0.79 0.39 0.76 0.55 0.31 1.37 -

4.30 0.50 0.45 0.71 0.71 0.19 1.73 -

4.53 0.48 0.53 0.70 0.91 0.19 1.73 -

4.70 0.52 0.52 0.76 0.93 0.19 1.77 -

4.87 0.55 0.54 0.87 0.92 0.20 1.80 -

2.36 -1.28 -5.72 14.70 4.12 -

0.97 -2.28 2.06 0.88 3.23 -2.86 1.70 -


3.06 3.06 -

3.54 0.00 3.53 0.01

4.88 4.79 0.08

6.83 6.77 0.00

8.13 8.07 0.01

8.16 8.09 0.01

8.22 8.16 0.01

2.78 2.68 -

3.31 3.38 -15.16


0.00 1.29 0.22 0.11 0.04

0.00 1.45 0.19 0.04 0.06

0.01 1.60 0.05 0.02 0.11

0.05 1.98 0.03 0.06 0.22

0.05 2.09 0.03 0.07 0.21

0.06 2.10 0.03 0.07 0.20

0.06 2.11 0.02 0.08 0.21

2.67 1.29 -8.17 -10.85 5.92

13.79 1.75 -5.41 11.00 4.38


0.91 0.73 0.34 0.09

0.17 e 0.99 1.01 0.17 0.36 0.07

0.09 e 0.08 1.26 1.15 0.08 0.23 0.15

0.28 0.00 1.39 1.61 0.11 0.14 0.44

0.27 0.00 0.01 1.50 1.74 0.21 0.19 0.27

0.27 0.00 0.01 1.52 1.71 0.11 0.25 0.22

0.27 0.00 0.01 1.52 1.55 0.12 0.12 0.15

1.91 2.70 -2.28 3.05

7.03 -17.57 1.15 1.88 2.37 -3.84 0.11

0.01 0.13 0.80 3.46 0.44 3.03

0.00 0.13 0.94 1.98 0.43 1.55

0.01 0.13 0.99 1.02 0.41 0.61

0.01 0.13 1.02 1.16 0.45 0.71

4.95 7.63 1.61 -

12.59 2.45 -0.21 -0.02 -0.33


of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.00 0.00 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.30 0.41 0.69 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.34 0.31 1.20 Coal and Peat Oil 0.34 0.31 0.45 Gas 0.75 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



New Zealand 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


1.8 -0.0 -0.0

1.6 -0.1 -0.1

2.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1

3.3 -1.6 -0.2

4.4 0.8 -2.4 0.1

5.0 0.9 -2.8 -0.1

4.0 0.5 -2.1 -0.3

0.4 14.7 x

5.9 35.9 14.5 x

Primary Supply

1.8

1.5

1.6

1.5

2.9

3.0

2.2

-0.6

3.9


-

-0.0

0.0

-0.0

0.3

0.1

..

x

x


-0.6

-0.2

-0.7

-0.8

-2.4

-2.4

..

1.1

8.2


-0.5 -0.5 -

-0.2 -0.2 -

-0.3 -0.2 -0.1

-0.8 -0.3 -0.5

-2.5 -1.8 -0.6

-2.4 -1.7 -0.6

.. .. ..

-3.2 -6.3 -

13.8 15.5 10.5


-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

(2)

-0.0 -0.0 -0.0

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.4 -0.4 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

22.6 -

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

1.2

1.1

1.0

0.7

0.7

0.8

..

-1.5

-1.6

1.0 0.1 -

0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.8 -

0.5 -

0.5 -

0.5 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.3 -

-2.3 -

-

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.3 0.2

0.4 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.1 0.1

0.2 0.1 0.0

0.2 0.1 0.0

0.2 0.1 0.0

.. .. ..

-2.2 -8.2

0.9 2.4 -5.4

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Coal Transformation




Industry sector


(7)






New Zealand 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


2.04 0.59 0.59 0.05 0.08 0.83 0.18 0.12 0.03 0.49 0.45 -

1.76 0.30 0.30 0.02 0.08 0.95 0.14 0.10 0.06 0.65 0.36 -

1.78 0.27 0.23 0.04 0.64 0.78 0.78 0.10 -

1.78 0.45 0.43 0.02 0.67 0.50 0.50 0.13 -

3.49 1.94 1.90 0.04 0.86 0.47 0.47 0.27 -

3.94 2.42 2.41 0.02 0.80 0.52 0.52 0.14 -

3.91 2.30 2.28 0.02 0.81 0.55 0.55 0.16 -

-1.10 -6.32 -7.50 -0.50 3.89 -11.72 -

5.03 14.33 15.34 -2.83 1.49 -2.12 -2.12 2.75 -

-

0.01 -

0.22 0.16 0.16 0.02 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.13 0.21 0.21 0.09 0.09 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.13 0.04 0.11 0.08 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.26 0.18 0.18 0.08 -

0.28 0.22 0.22 0.06 -

0.28 0.22 0.22 0.06 -

0.28 0.22 0.22 0.06 -

3.89 3.10 7.73 5.52 -

1.91 3.52 3.52 -1.99 -





New Zealand 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

36.23 c 90.61 .. ..

41.63 c 162.85 .. ..

c c 157.64 .. 61.47

c c 186.62 .. 46.54

c c 154.97 .. 82.49

c c 192.21 .. 95.92

c c 274.15 .. 129.12

c c 308.86 .. 145.41

c c 318.93 .. 162.36


(New Zealand Dollars / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

c c c

Steam Coal 34.00 41.75 Coking Coal c c High Suplhur Fuel Oil 126.00 242.00 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

c c 382.75 .. 132.62

c c 595.43 .. 131.94

c c 386.60 .. 182.84

c c 419.69 .. 186.10

c c 563.70 .. 235.90

c c 689.15 .. 288.28

c c 628.10 .. 284.12

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

.. .. -

-

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

-

-

0.64 0.64 0.64 -

0.80 0.80 0.80 -

0.90 0.90 0.90 -

0.54 0.54 0.54 -

Total Exports 0.03 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.29 1.97 2.41 Hard Coal 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.29 1.97 2.41 Coking Coal .. 0.07 0.32 1.60 2.29 1.97 2.41 Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.03 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

2.79 2.79 2.79 -

2.07 2.07 2.07 -





New Zealand 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

11

70

336

1529

2210

1908

2331

2720

2014

11 11 -

70 70 -

285 30 243 12 -

940 122 687 85 46 -

1013 e 1013 e -

1042 e 1042 e -

1216 e 1216 e -

-

-

51 51 -

589 185 313 91 -

1224 297 361 566 -

1289 451 467 371 -

1504 526 545 433 -


-

-

-

-




986 e 937 e 49 e e e

e e

895 387 390 118 -

e e

e e

-

e e

e e

-

e e

e e

431 431 1583 556 579 448 -


Norway* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


60

140

50

120 100

40 80 30 60 20

40

10

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

Chart 3: Primary Coal Supply (Mtce) 4.0

1.6

3.5

1.4

3.0

1.2

2.5

1.0

2.0

0.8

1.5

0.6

1.0

0.4

0.5

0.2

160



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

4.5

0.0 1971

1977


2007e

0.0 1971


140

40

120

35



2006


30

100

25

80

20 60 15 40

10

20 0 1971

5

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Norway 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 20.76 26.49 Coal and Peat 1.30 1.44 Oil 11.15 12.76 Gas 1.24 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.84 Nuclear Hydro 8.95 10.27 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.64 -0.06 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

30.60 1.23 12.12 2.82 1.47 14.88 -1.95 0.03

36.72 1.54 13.29 5.19 1.95 17.07 0.00 -2.34 0.03

47.23 1.11 21.58 7.37 1.87 16.67 0.06 -1.48 0.05

37.27 1.02 12.68 6.77 1.90 14.67 0.08 0.11 0.05

36.65 1.08 11.32 6.99 1.85 16.48 0.11 -1.23 0.05

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.31 -0.31 0.49 3.04 6.81 -

1.24 -1.18 0.28 5.62 1.60 -0.09 3.83



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

192 0.19 4.7 8.00 89.1 58.2 86.4 121 94.5

199 0.18 4.7 7.85 84.6 59.3 .. 137 93.7

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.32 -0.98 0.40 1.90 -0.98 -3.52 -0.53 3.05 4.79

3.14 -1.84 0.59 0.64 -1.84 -4.19 -2.38 -0.02 1.76



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.23 0.18 -

0.16 0.13 -

0.29 -

0.61 -

1.41 -

2.30 -

3.83 -

4.31 -

13.79 -

Mt: Coking Coal 0.23 0.16 Steam Coal 0.18 0.13 0.30 0.63 1.47 2.40 4.00 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

4.68 -

13.79 -




Norway 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

19.47 1.16 10.83 0.01 7.47 -

23.15 1.24 11.88 0.01 0.84 9.19 -

25.58 1.11 11.19 1.28 11.89 0.11

28.79 1.36 11.23 0.84 1.71 13.46 0.18

29.84 1.13 12.54 1.15 1.48 13.26 0.28

29.80 0.96 12.36 1.07 1.51 13.60 0.30

29.69 0.80 12.69 1.10 1.51 13.26 0.32

1.62 -0.27 0.20 2.78 -

0.93 -1.98 0.79 1.02 0.68 7.16


8.34 1.08 2.69 0.00 4.57 -

9.19 1.19 2.83 0.00 0.26 4.91 -

8.62 1.09 1.33 0.55 5.63 0.02

9.91 1.36 1.09 0.25 0.85 6.34 0.03

9.45 1.13 1.16 0.27 0.55 6.30 0.04

9.30 0.96 1.07 0.26 0.58 6.39 0.04

8.87 0.80 1.11 0.28 0.56 6.08 0.04

0.19 0.07 -4.08 1.23 -

0.18 -1.92 -1.11 0.11 0.49 2.95


3.67 3.60 -

4.45 4.37 -

5.91 5.81 -

6.42 6.23 0.00

6.94 6.75 0.01

7.05 6.86 0.01

7.31 7.10 0.02

2.85 2.85 -

1.34 1.27 -


0.06 2.68 0.08 0.63 0.01

0.08 4.55 0.04 1.17 0.00

0.10 5.15 0.01 0.64 -

0.19 5.46 0.00 0.35 0.00

0.18 5.36 0.00 0.42 0.00

0.18 5.48 0.00 0.34 0.01

0.01 0.19 5.43 0.00 0.34 0.00

2.78 3.92 -12.22 0.15 -

3.82 0.33 -8.95 -3.89 -


1.96 0.82 0.01 0.00

0.57 2.77 2.33 0.98 -

0.74 3.72 0.04 2.90 0.49 -

0.82 4.26 0.03 2.92 0.34 0.00

0.90 3.98 0.05 3.35 0.58 0.01

0.90 4.18 0.05 3.36 0.52 0.02

0.91 4.11 0.06 3.41 0.53 0.02

3.84 7.67 22.95 -

1.31 0.62 3.57 1.03 0.42 -

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.81 1.35 2.36 Heat 0.05 Non-Energy Use 1.58 2.24 2.63 Coal and Peat Oil 1.58 2.24 2.63 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.04 2.42 0.13 2.98 2.38 0.60

0.03 2.54 0.20 3.59 2.75 0.84

0.03 2.59 0.21 3.50 2.75 0.74

0.03 2.62 0.22 3.53 2.77 0.76

6.49 3.03 3.03 -

0.65 10.16 1.85 0.32 -


of which:



Norway 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


0.4 1.0 -0.1 0.1

0.3 1.3 -0.1 0.0

0.3 1.2 -0.2 -0.0

0.6 1.4 -0.6 0.1

1.4 1.0 -1.6 0.3

2.3 0.9 -2.2 0.0

3.8 1.0 -3.2 -0.5

-2.1 1.3 3.9 x

13.8 -1.9 14.5 x

Primary Supply

1.3

1.4

1.2

1.5

1.1

1.0

1.1

-0.3

-1.2


0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

0.0

-0.0

..

x

x


-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.1 e

-0.2 e

..

-1.2

1.8


-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

.. .. ..

3.5 3.5 -

1.5 1.5 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e 0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.3 -1.4 -

1.9 1.9 -


Coal Transformation



Industry sector


(7)


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.4

1.0

0.8

..

-0.3

-2.0

1.1 0.8 e 0.1 0.1 -

1.2 0.9 e 0.2 0.1 -

1.1 0.8 e 0.2 0.1 0.0

1.4 0.8 e 0.3 0.3 -

1.0 0.5 e 0.2 0.2 -

0.8 0.4 e 0.2 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.1 -0.6 3.4 1.5 -

-1.9 -3.4 -0.3 2.3 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

.. .. ..

-9.9 -12.2

-11.4 -8.9

-

-

-

-

..

-

-





Norway 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)



1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

0.42 0.02 0.02 0.35 0.25 0.10 0.00 0.01 -

0.52 0.01 0.01 0.51 0.31 0.12 0.08 0.00 0.01 -

0.75 0.02 0.02 0.74 0.48 0.11 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.01 -

1.04 0.02 0.02 0.96 0.47 0.22 0.27 0.00 0.00 -

0.91 0.03 0.03 0.81 0.39 0.21 0.22 0.00 -

0.80 0.03 0.03 0.69 0.31 0.19 0.19 -

0.64 0.03 0.03 0.59 0.28 0.11 0.19 0.00 -

5.00 0.84 0.84 6.54 5.75 1.12 3.44 -2.93 -

-1.01 1.10 1.10 -1.46 -3.35 0.11 2.09 -11.45 -

0.41 0.41 -

0.43 0.43 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-






Norway 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

39.80 .. 70.70 .. x

62.32 116.18 141.87 .. x

53.13 93.33 217.90 .. x

.. x x 249.15 x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x


(Norwegian Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

.. x ..

Steam Coal 200 295 Coking Coal .. 550 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 528 998 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas x x Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

319 560 1943 .. x

.. x x 3123 x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

.. x x .. x

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.96 0.40 .. .. 0.56

1.25 0.74 0.27 0.47 0.52

1.20 0.68 0.68 0.52

1.41 0.88 0.88 0.53

1.01 0.64 0.64 0.37

1.18 0.73 0.73 0.44

1.01 0.64 0.64 0.37

0.89 0.51 0.51 0.38

1.01 0.58 0.58 0.43

Total Exports 0.13 0.13 0.25 0.55 2.59 2.63 1.60 Hard Coal 0.08 0.09 0.24 0.55 2.59 2.63 1.60 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.09 0.24 0.55 2.59 2.63 1.60 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

2.17 2.17 2.17 -

3.23 3.23 3.23 -





Norway 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

450

739

713

919

671

766

667

528

610


187 125 62 -

272 80 192 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

263 2 55 29 77 46 38

467 1 29 155 60 153 63

713 32 48 87 181 151 99

919 64 151 169 21 291

671 58 217 87 8 87

766 83 229 95 33 141

667 71 159 103 17 145

528 38 166 21 140

610 3 35 157 72 5 184


6 -

4 9 97 5 -

36 102 82 3 -

101 113 -

10 105 70 -

30 97 39 3 3

6 72 76 9 -

17 98 33 3 3 -





Norway 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

77

91

254

574

2697

2741

1666

2266

3371

76 75 1 -

90 87 3 -

253 2 50 87 4 46 3 61 -

570 156 50 330 7 2 25 -

2697 499 63 141 1162 272 73 29 284 29 145 -

2741 310 93 1972 69 7 2 216 72 -

1666 245 111 994 71 1 214 30 -

2266 129 46 111 1693 73 7 143 64

3371 324 2275 104 19 219 398 32

-

-

-

4 2 2

-

-

-

-

-


1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-





Poland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


200

140

180

120

160 140

100

120

80

100 60

80

40

60 40

20

20 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


200

160

180

140

160 120

140 120

100

100

80

80

60

60 40 40 20

20 0 1971

180

1977



0 1971


160

450

140

400

120

350




300

100

250

80

200 60

150

40

100

20 0 1971

50 1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Poland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 132.95 175.74 142.68 Coal and Peat 106.71 137.11 107.72 Oil 15.53 24.12 18.95 Gas 8.94 12.53 12.77 Comb. Renew/Waste 1.81 1.74 3.18 Nuclear Hydro 0.18 0.29 0.17 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.22 -0.03 -0.13 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

127.70 80.43 27.76 14.22 5.81 0.26 0.00 0.00 -0.78 -

132.42 78.02 31.24 17.47 6.77 0.27 0.01 0.02 -1.37 -

139.60 81.67 33.66 17.67 7.65 0.25 0.02 0.03 -1.35 -

140.89 81.94 34.35 17.63 7.27 0.29 0.01 0.07 -0.66 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.42 0.06 1.18 2.12 3.37 -0.16 -3.02 -

-0.14 -1.72 3.65 2.05 5.63 2.31 15.87 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


103 e 119 e 118 171 199 1.29 e 1.48 e 1.21 0.75 0.66 Population (millions) 33.4 35.6 38.0 38.3 38.2 TPES/population(1) 3.98 4.94 3.75 3.34 3.47 TPES/GDP(2) 173.4 e 198.1 e 161.9 100.0 89.1 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 221.0 e 245.3 e 194.1 100.0 83.3 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 100.0 e 126.1 e 143.7 100.0 87.9 Elec. Generation (TWh) 84 121 134 143 155 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 61.0 100.0 129.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

212 0.66 38.1 3.66 88.5 82.2 86.2 161 145.5

226 0.62 38.1 3.70 83.8 77.4 .. 159 159.4

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.82 -0.40 0.77 -0.35 -0.40 -0.76 2.16 2.81 -

3.71 -3.71 0.02 -0.15 -3.71 -5.23 -3.14 1.13 5.58



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

.. 158.69 11.03 -

.. 155.71 9.90 -

.. 115.67 19.27 -

17.24 67.30 17.32 -

14.21 65.96 18.19 -

14.69 63.83 17.99 -

13.74 60.62 17.01 -

-2.60 4.76 -

-3.65 -0.43 -

Mt: Coking Coal .. .. .. 17.22 14.07 14.57 13.64 Steam Coal 192.62 193.12 147.74 86.11 83.83 80.65 76.59 Brown Coal 41.01 36.87 67.58 59.48 61.64 60.84 57.54 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-2.19 4.25 -

-3.71 -0.65 -




Poland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

86.77 39.99 13.07 7.78 1.16 7.16 17.62

111.77 44.66 18.90 10.94 1.09 10.45 25.73

88.65 24.84 16.14 11.28 2.33 11.82 22.23

83.36 19.00 25.41 11.64 5.55 0.00 11.92 9.84

86.49 16.28 28.01 13.57 6.08 0.01 12.30 10.24

87.29 16.19 28.72 14.18 5.91 0.01 12.19 10.08

92.16 17.53 30.64 14.35 6.67 0.02 12.70 10.25

0.13 -2.76 1.25 2.21 4.19 3.00 1.38

0.24 -2.16 4.09 1.51 6.79 0.45 -4.72


37.49 13.46 2.08 5.18 0.24 4.68 11.85

46.00 14.24 2.95 6.12 0.44 6.40 15.85

33.37 9.55 1.48 3.77 0.97 5.25 12.34

25.16 10.76 2.71 3.24 1.41 4.97 2.07

23.69 7.65 2.64 3.86 1.63 5.21 2.71

22.30 6.66 2.42 3.98 1.54 5.08 2.63

23.32 6.52 2.36 4.20 2.13 5.26 2.85

-0.68 -2.00 -1.97 -1.85 8.70 0.68 0.24

-2.22 -2.36 2.95 0.68 5.01 0.01 -8.75


13.08 5.23 7.43 -

13.43 2.57 10.27 -

10.71 0.25 9.79 -

13.98 13.33 0.09

16.49 15.69 0.25

17.73 16.83 0.34

19.69 18.68 0.46

-1.17 -16.42 1.64 -

3.88 4.12 -


0.43 19.71 13.14 e 0.17 0.88

0.59 28.81 17.58 e 0.25 2.06

0.67 25.73 9.46 e 0.06 4.27

0.57 24.55 6.10 1.27 4.36

0.02 0.53 25.44 6.30 1.62 4.31

0.07 0.49 26.17 7.12 1.44 4.61

0.12 0.44 27.39 8.26 1.14 4.73

2.74 1.58 -1.91 -6.21 9.73

-2.67 0.39 -0.85 20.47 0.64

0.81 0.67 4.03 7.90 6.00 e 0.22

0.56 1.32 7.05 10.93 7.96 e 0.49

1.17 2.48 8.28 8.01 4.00 e 0.48

3.24 0.00 2.58 6.99 6.89 0.75 0.56 1.32

3.53 0.01 3.13 6.55 8.66 0.97 0.89 2.37

3.44 0.01 3.08 6.48 8.43 0.96 0.61 2.33

3.56 0.01 3.20 6.48 8.44 1.10 0.51 2.15

2.16 7.98 4.33 0.08 -2.35 4.78

7.20 1.59 -1.52 0.32 -7.77 9.80

0.32 0.00 3.21 0.74 6.12 0.11 3.39 2.62

0.22 0.00 3.26 0.95 6.09 0.15 3.21 2.73

0.22 0.00 3.36 0.94 6.36 0.12 3.35 2.88

0.17 0.00 3.62 0.89 7.17 0.08 4.33 2.76

-6.26 6.01 2.76 1.46 -7.66 1.86 3.75

11.56 2.68 -1.47 1.25 -7.24 2.61 0.03


of which:


Comb. Renew/Waste 0.09 0.06 0.03 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.88 1.18 2.37 Heat 0.71 1.24 1.13 Non-Energy Use 4.60 6.50 5.88 Coal and Peat 1.03 0.60 0.27 Oil 2.10 3.64 2.87 Gas 1.47 2.26 2.74 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



Poland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


143.9 1.2 -38.5 0.2

165.6 1.0 -30.3 0.8

134.9 0.6 -27.6 -0.2

101.9 1.5 -24.8 1.9

98.4 3.1 -21.6 -1.8

96.5 4.8 -22.3 2.7

91.4 5.5 -17.7 2.7

-0.4 -4.2 -2.0 x

-2.1 14.3 -1.3 x

Primary Supply

106.7

137.1

107.7

80.4

78.0

81.7

81.9

0.1

-1.7


-4.7

-4.8

-0.8

0.5

-1.5

-1.6

..

x

x


-59.2 e

-84.9 e

-80.1 e

-59.5 e

-58.3 e

-60.6 e

..

1.8

-1.7


-52.9 e -36.7 e -16.2 e

-77.0 -53.6 -23.4

-74.9 -56.3 -18.6

-56.2 -53.4 -2.8

-56.4 -53.8 -2.6

-58.4 -55.4 -3.0

.. .. ..

2.1 2.5 0.8

-1.5 -0.1 -10.8

-2.0 e

-1.5

-0.3

-

-

-

..

-10.4

-

-4.3 e 0.0 -3.2 e -1.2 0.1

-6.4 e 0.0 -4.2 e -2.4 0.1

-4.9 e 0.0 -2.9 e -2.0 0.0

-3.3 e 0.0 -1.9 e -1.4 -

-1.9 e -1.2 e -0.7 -

-2.3 e -1.5 e -0.8 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.8 -2.9 -0.5 2.8 -23.8

-4.7 -4.1 -5.6 -


Coal Transformation



Industry sector


(7)


-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.8 e

-

-2.7

-2.0

-2.4

-2.0

-1.8

..

-2.1

-0.5

-0.0 e

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

..

x

x

40.0

44.7

24.8

19.0

16.2

17.5

..

-2.8

-2.2

13.5 2.6 e 0.7 5.2 0.1

14.2 3.4 e 0.7 4.9 0.1

5.2

2.6

0.2

20.3 6.0 e 13.1 e

27.3 8.0 e 17.6 e

14.8 4.0 e 9.5 e

9.6 2.9 e 0.4 3.0 0.1


10.8 3.1 e 1.8 2.1 0.5

6.7 1.6 e 1.1 1.2 0.5

6.5 1.8 e 1.0 1.2 0.4

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.0 0.6 -3.7 -3.2 -1.0

-2.4 -2.8 6.7 -5.5 12.4

-

-

-

..

-16.4

-

8.1 0.7 6.1

9.4 1.0 7.1

10.9 1.1 8.3

.. .. ..

-1.8 -2.4 -1.9

-1.9 -7.8 -0.8

0.1

0.1

0.1

..

-7.7

-7.2




Poland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

154.18 84.76 57.61 27.15 1.64 25.30 2.66 9.35 0.11 0.36 5.05 0.08 3.76 25.23 0.04

164.01 92.64 64.47 28.17 1.60 25.30 2.29 9.82 0.11 0.53 5.01 0.08 4.09 27.31 0.04

119.93 77.55 55.18 22.38 0.08 18.21 0.55 6.74 0.05 0.32 3.19 0.07 3.11 14.60 0.01

70.04 51.63 48.60 3.03 9.70 0.79 2.17 2.30 0.68 3.76 8.10 0.01

70.23 51.86 48.97 2.89 6.22 0.45 1.24 1.39 0.59 2.55 8.12 0.11

69.28 50.82 47.98 2.84 5.61 0.26 1.23 1.28 0.55 2.29 8.99 0.09

73.15 53.03 50.09 2.95 5.44 0.36 1.18 1.34 0.49 2.08 10.12 0.02

-2.07 -0.74 -0.36 -1.60 -22.50 -2.70 -12.36 -2.69 -6.00 -0.96 -3.75 -1.35 -1.55 -4.46 -7.78

-3.04 -2.35 -0.60 -11.90 -1.33 13.13 8.53 -5.28 13.17 -2.50 -2.27 2.57

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -

13.33 0.05 0.00 0.05 12.26 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 -

13.68 0.08 0.08 13.59 -

11.16 0.08 0.08 11.24 -

12.98 0.08 0.08 12.80 -

-

-

37.71 35.31 67.39 36.91 34.15 66.92 36.45 33.69 66.46 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.26 0.29 0.23 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.06 Non-energy use 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

59.49 59.11 59.10 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.14 -

61.18 60.38 60.37 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.23 -

61.59 61.08 61.07 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.23 -

60.80 60.23 60.23 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.25 -

4.96 5.08 5.13 -0.05 -0.87 10.42 -4.76 2.43 0.54 -7.48 -

-0.64 -0.66 -0.61 -31.81 -8.84 -5.32 9.00 -





Poland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. .. ..

3.07 .. ..

15.45 61.62 ..

38.29 80.54 ..

49.11 114.33 ..

54.20 124.04 ..

64.50 181.87 ..

69.76 220.45 ..

78.33 253.13 ..

.. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. 35.19

.. .. 61.62 .. 63.43

48.43 38.64 80.59 .. 103.46

56.67 51.87 114.33 .. 136.84

65.44 95.19 124.04 141.46 139.55

77.05 114.24 181.87 213.05 174.75

81.69 94.25 220.45 264.03 228.88

98.25 110.85 253.13 305.98 291.72


(Polish Zlotys / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. .. ..

0.01 .. ..

10.82 81.90 ..

122.66 489.70 ..

140.74 621.88 ..

145.87 633.56 ..

153.77 822.85 ..

159.57 957.01 ..

159.66 979.15 ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal .. .. High Suplhur Fuel Oil .. .. Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. 0.20 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. .. 81.90 .. 77.47

167.38 169.55 490.00 .. 578.13

175.22 203.62 621.88 .. 684.05

190.02 350.90 633.56 722.55 655.05

198.17 373.05 822.85 963.92 726.60

201.59 295.31 957.01 1146.16 913.15

216.06 309.49 979.15 1183.61 1037.05

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

1.17 1.17 .. .. -

1.01 1.01 .. 1.01 -

0.56 0.56 .. 0.56 -

1.46 1.44 1.27 0.17 0.02

2.30 2.27 0.40 1.87 0.03

2.35 2.13 0.61 1.53 0.22

3.08 2.92 0.62 2.31 0.15

4.80 4.65 1.44 3.22 0.00 0.15

5.50 5.34 2.29 3.05 0.00 0.16

Total Exports 38.55 30.30 27.58 24.75 23.32 23.73 21.63 Hard Coal 34.32 28.20 24.02 21.23 18.28 18.18 16.78 Coking Coal .. .. .. 5.33 2.72 3.08 3.19 Steam Coal .. 28.20 24.02 15.89 15.56 15.09 13.60 Brown Coal / Lignite 1.37 0.42 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 2.85 1.67 3.49 3.53 5.03 5.55 4.85 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

22.35 15.85 3.65 12.20 6.50

17.66 11.18 2.39 8.79 6.48





Poland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

1044

1012

560

1452

2517

2328

3372

5271

5916

-

-

-

1263 500 1

401 400 -

602 571 18 -

610 35 558 17 -

1422 1419 -

2268 1922 302 -

-

-

-

736 26 -

1 -

11 1 1

-

3 -

40 4 -

1044 -

1012 -

560 -

189 11 94 6 1 2

2116 99 43

1726 49 4

2762 29 4 4

3849 151 1 -

3648 132 7 2


1012

560

4 7 13 51 -

2 14 1730 227 1

2 30 1448 193 -

5 56 2390 274 -

10 80 3327 280 -

12 135 3042 318 -





Poland 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Australia Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

-

-

-

5290

2710

3036

3151

3601

2362

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

3649 599 214 717 72 131 266 323 53 669 7 494 100 4 -

2491 623 411 403 145 107 110 120 363 209 -

2999 629 44 462 20 354 246 48 81 997 118 -

2769 520 523 13 148 219 295 48 622 99 212 70

3197 607 944 71 168 154 94 30 914 142 73 -

2362 608 1024 19 16 116 106 448 25 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong, China India Israel Romania Oth. Africa & Mid. East Other Latin America Other Asia & Oceania Other Europe and FSU

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1641 143 529 62 2 2 903

219 214 1 4

37 37 -

382 355 27

404 70 298 36

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-




Poland 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

40106

31085

28065

17955

17409

16648

16218

13134

9457

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

17117 1213 375 863 2214 1175 1336 6396 1 279 196 913 208 88 5 286 382 146 1040 1

15706 1477 1 749 848 1622 1498 6727 257 6 255 2 2 54 299 35 579 40 1255 -

16019 1512 456 781 1071 1265 572 7213 258 9 266 95 191 183 294 45 322 19 1399 68

15736 1187 649 717 837 653 1230 6906 240 9 286 245 222 142 223 250 41 172 66 1614 47

13091 1293 291 945 516 513 692 6298 216 19 235 155 218 160 1 204 37 283 1015 -

9185 1199 1 1368 350 273 321 4295 143 255 6 70 131 169 39 288 277 -

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

838 1 16 3 818

1703 369 1 1333

628 45 501 82

482 436 46

43 43

272 247 25


31085

28065

-

-

1

-

-

-





Portugal* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


40

600

35

500

30 400

25

300

20 15

200

10 100 5 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

0 1971

2007e


5

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

60



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

6

0 1971

1977


2007e

0 1971




2006


60

50

50

40

40 30 30 20 20 10 0 1971

10

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Portugal 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 10.29 14.69 Coal and Peat 0.72 0.61 Oil 7.75 11.85 Gas Comb. Renew/Waste 0.91 1.03 Nuclear Hydro 0.90 0.98 Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.00 0.22 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

24.63 3.94 16.00 3.54 1.13 0.00 0.02 0.00 -

36.06 5.44 22.11 2.90 3.96 1.39 0.10 0.05 0.11 -

38.79 4.78 22.69 5.36 4.19 0.58 0.09 0.25 0.84 -

36.33 4.73 19.55 5.20 4.31 1.35 0.13 0.39 0.67 -

36.28 4.08 19.62 5.15 4.51 1.24 0.23 0.54 0.92 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 5.27 10.47 4.36 8.30 1.32 -

2.46 1.15 1.26 1.24 1.15 22.99 22.23 36.61 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

119 0.31 10.6 3.43 95.5 82.4 118.0 49 103.1

121 0.30 10.5 3.46 93.6 69.7 .. 47 104.9


2.14 0.31 0.36 2.09 0.31 -0.97 2.33 3.42 1.05





1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.11 -

0.10 -

0.16 -

-

-

-

-

3.78 -

-

-

3.78 -

-

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.18 0.18 0.28 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.



Portugal 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

8.63 0.27 6.45 0.07 0.83 1.00 -

11.73 0.29 8.67 0.07 0.91 1.76 0.03

19.78 0.85 12.59 0.07 3.32 0.02 2.89 0.04

28.58 0.62 18.39 1.19 3.45 0.00 0.03 4.71 0.19

30.16 0.12 18.78 1.83 3.54 0.00 0.03 5.49 0.37

30.22 0.02 18.56 1.87 3.58 0.00 0.03 5.69 0.47

29.20 0.04 17.16 1.91 3.70 0.01 0.03 5.87 0.47

5.00 6.88 4.01 0.46 8.52 6.42 -

2.46 -17.59 1.96 22.46 0.67 4.92 4.52 16.59


3.32 0.20 2.03 0.00 0.46 0.63 -

4.76 0.28 3.00 0.00 0.44 1.01 0.03

6.65 0.85 2.58 1.68 1.50 0.04

8.93 0.62 3.42 0.94 1.81 1.96 0.18

8.24 0.12 2.43 1.35 1.89 2.10 0.35

8.13 0.02 2.27 1.37 1.92 2.11 0.45

8.13 0.04 2.16 1.38 1.94 2.17 0.45

4.17 8.98 1.41 7.97 5.26 -

1.27 -17.58 -1.12 0.91 2.32 16.27


2.72 0.03 2.66 -

3.66 0.00 3.63 -

5.35 5.31 -

9.35 9.30 0.00

10.44 10.37 0.01

10.11 10.03 0.02

10.23 10.05 0.01

4.07 4.15 -

4.13 4.07 -


0.03 1.15 0.05 0.50 0.03

0.03 1.47 0.00 0.56 0.03

0.04 3.26 0.00 0.83 0.06

0.04 4.01 0.97 0.14

0.06 4.56 1.09 0.26

0.06 4.58 0.97 0.29

0.10 0.06 4.57 0.95 0.29

2.09 6.30 -21.02 3.08 3.75

3.14 2.13 0.84 10.44


0.37 0.21 0.36 0.20 0.02

0.47 0.40 0.62 0.01 0.29 0.01

1.64 0.01 0.73 0.86 0.00 0.24 0.02

1.64 0.02 1.24 0.01 1.99 0.48 0.10

1.65 0.02 1.53 0.01 2.66 0.75 0.20

1.66 0.02 1.63 0.01 3.12 1.13 0.19

1.66 0.02 1.65 0.01 3.09 0.96 0.22

9.13 7.73 5.26 0.95 -0.70

0.06 8.96 5.24 8.34 9.12 18.08

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.01 Electricity 0.14 0.31 0.59 Heat Non-Energy Use 0.54 0.74 3.00 Coal and Peat Oil 0.54 0.74 3.00 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.01 1.39 0.00 3.29 3.29 -

0.00 0.01 1.68 0.01 3.42 3.42 -

0.00 0.01 1.77 0.01 3.47 3.47 -

0.01 0.01 1.87 0.01 2.71 2.71 -

8.92 10.63 10.63 -

1.54 7.45 -0.65 -0.65 -


of which:



Portugal 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.1

0.1 0.5 0.0

0.2 4.3 -0.0 -0.5

5.7 -0.1 -0.2

4.6 0.2

5.0 -0.0 -0.3

4.1 -0.0 -0.0

-0.8 14.9 -2.2 x

1.0 -4.0 x

Primary Supply

0.7

0.6

3.9

5.4

4.8

4.7

4.1

10.5

1.1


0.1

0.0

-0.0

-0.0

0.0

0.0

..

x

x


-0.5 e

-0.3 e

-3.0 e

-4.8 e

-4.8

-4.7

..

11.7

2.8


-0.3 -0.3 -

-0.1 -0.1 -0.0

-2.9 -2.9 -0.0

-4.6 -4.6 -0.1

-4.8 -4.8 -

-4.7 -4.7 -

.. .. ..

14.1 14.1 -

3.0 3.1 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2 e -0.1 e -0.0 0.0

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-0.1 e -0.1 e -0.0 -

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.5 -2.3 -0.1 -

-


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

..

0.5

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

..

x

x

0.3

0.3

0.8

0.6

0.0

0.0

..

6.9

-17.6


0.2 0.1 e 0.0 -

0.3 0.2 e 0.0 0.0 -

0.8 0.1 e 0.0 0.7 -

0.6 0.1 e 0.0 0.4 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

9.0 0.9 26.6 -

-17.6 4.1 -23.1 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-17.7 -21.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Portugal 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


0.21 0.17 0.17 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.03 -

0.24 0.21 0.21 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 -

4.08 3.26 3.26 0.82 0.01 0.81 0.00 0.00 -

5.66 5.17 5.17 0.48 0.48 -

5.51 5.29 5.29 0.13 0.01 0.12 -

5.48 5.44 5.44 0.02 0.02 -

5.47 5.42 5.42 0.04 0.02 0.01 -

28.21 27.90 27.90 29.73 6.99 32.70 -

1.84 3.23 3.23 -17.73 5.75 -22.37 -

0.42 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.06 0.06 0.01 -

0.36 0.31 0.06 0.06 0.01 -

0.31 0.31 -

0.50 0.49 -

-

-

-

-2.48 -0.59 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-






Portugal 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


31.26 48.18 x

44.39 94.94 x

58.90 76.31 x

34.67 108.41 ..

44.00 132.25 150.96

65.92 134.54 188.25

77.51 158.83 226.98

66.84 226.75 276.16

87.61 256.80 288.89

.. 175.90 54.80 .. x

.. 243.16 102.26 .. x

.. 52.51 131.62 .. x

37.98 31.67 161.36 170.14 ..

47.00 38.73 x 209.61 223.72

.. .. x 216.14 222.29

.. .. x 282.61 264.71

.. .. x 353.37 310.31

.. .. x 428.51 333.47



5.97 14.47 x

9.64 32.42 x

36.47 74.30 x

32.81 161.32 ..

33.96 160.51 171.77

46.28 148.53 194.84

54.42 175.35 234.93

46.46 247.84 282.98

55.78 257.09 271.14

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal 38.51 60.53 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 16.46 34.92 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas x x Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. 37.27 128.16 .. x

35.94 34.35 240.10 253.17 ..

36.28 34.27 x 254.41 254.56

.. .. x 238.62 230.07

.. .. x 312.00 273.98

.. .. x 386.25 317.98

.. .. x 429.00 312.99

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.41 0.37 .. .. 0.04

0.50 0.40 0.39 0.01 0.10

4.28 4.27 0.38 3.89 0.01

5.67 5.67 0.49 5.18 -

4.67 4.66 4.66 0.01

4.59 4.58 4.58 0.01

4.61 4.60 4.60 0.01

5.00 5.00 5.00 -

4.11 4.11 4.11 0.00

Total Exports 0.02 0.01 0.08 Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.02 0.01 0.08 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.01 0.01 0.01 -

0.00 0.00 0.00 -





Portugal 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

412

398

4669

6367

5344

5247

5272

5782

4756


404 8 122 3 257 -

393 1 120 255 10

377 162 40 20 155 -

487 289 198 -

-

-

-

-

-

14

7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8 3 -

5 2 -

4292 177 1555 4

5880 343 19

5344 668 73 354 225

5247 129 467 306

5272 222 378 228

5782 202 160

4756 389 282


3 -

390 2112 54 -

2846 156 2426 90 -

1945 2079 -

2817 159 1369 -

2314 144 1985 1 -

3239 473 1681 22 5 -

2403 60 1551 66 5 -





Portugal 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

52.73

75.65

55.35

156.88

185.30

241.41

231.71

105.53

360.89

50.20 51.91 .. 58.18 56.59 .. .. .. ..

.. 73.86 .. 57.60 63.00 .. .. .. ..

51.91 56.95 .. 57.64 .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

49.75 54.62 44.77 34.79 37.74 59.36 64.49 Imports from: Australia 49.03 .. 44.95 35.46 40.29 60.28 .. Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. 39.36 39.19 40.36 .. 61.53 United States 56.62 59.44 47.42 41.69 42.98 60.84 62.53 China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Colombia 40.26 54.07 42.91 34.65 37.09 63.88 64.93 South Africa 43.76 49.05 44.07 33.67 36.55 55.05 63.24 Former USSR(2) .. 45.19 42.86 .. .. .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

58.25

77.76

.. .. .. .. 68.83 .. 58.48 56.56 ..

.. .. .. .. 91.17 .. 76.29 76.81 ..

Coking Coal

(1)





Slovak Republic* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


35

120

30

100

25

80

20 60 15 40 10 20

5 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971


12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

35



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

14

0 1971

1977


0 1971


30



2006


50

25 40 20 30 15 20

10

10

5 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Slovak Republic 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 22.17 28.36 Coal and Peat 11.37 11.71 Oil 7.70 10.71 Gas 2.23 3.31 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.27 0.26 Nuclear 0.09 1.68 Hydro 0.16 0.28 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.35 0.41 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

30.45 11.17 6.42 7.27 0.25 4.48 0.23 0.64 -

25.39 6.10 4.07 8.25 0.59 6.14 0.57 -0.33 -

26.96 6.06 5.00 8.40 0.65 6.68 0.57 0.01 0.00 -0.40 0.00

26.68 6.36 4.89 7.68 0.70 6.78 0.54 0.01 0.00 -0.29 0.00

25.83 6.19 5.12 7.26 0.83 5.78 0.54 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.00

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.88 -0.11 -1.07 7.20 -0.47 26.15 2.09 3.62 -

-0.82 -3.45 -1.68 0.35 6.67 2.63 5.46 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


14 e 16 e 19 e 20 26 1.61 e 1.73 e 1.61 e 1.24 1.05 Population (millions) 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.4 TPES/population(1) 4.78 5.69 5.75 4.70 5.00 TPES/GDP(2) 129.2 e 139.3 e 129.1 e 100.0 84.6 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 275.7 e 239.3 e 197.1 e 100.0 79.1 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 82.7 e 107.8 e 114.5 e 100.0 82.7 Elec. Generation (TWh) 12 20 25 31 31 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 107.9 100.0 129.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

28 0.96 5.4 4.95 77.4 76.8 79.1 31 141.2

31 0.84 5.4 4.79 67.8 67.6 .. 27 159.3


2.40 -3.15 0.11 -0.93 -3.15 -5.72 -2.28 1.28 1.70



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

2.43 -

2.42 -

2.00 -

1.45 -

0.91 -

0.80 -

0.77 -

-1.62 -

-5.53 -

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal 5.80 5.80 4.77 3.65 2.51 2.20 2.11 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-1.63 -

-4.71 -




Slovak Republic 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

15.51 5.49 5.47 2.01 0.27 1.51 0.75

18.61 5.84 7.20 2.33 0.26 2.34 0.64

22.50 5.87 6.99 5.59 0.25 2.88 0.93

15.93 2.02 4.34 5.95 0.03 2.70 0.88

16.17 1.92 4.16 5.22 0.48 0.00 2.95 1.43

16.78 1.63 4.34 6.16 0.49 0.00 2.81 1.36

16.33 1.69 4.36 5.71 0.48 0.00 2.91 1.18

2.21 0.40 1.44 6.22 -0.47 3.85 1.22

-1.99 -7.50 -2.91 0.13 4.14 0.06 1.55


8.06 3.80 2.07 0.88 0.27 1.02 0.03

9.06 2.50 4.03 0.65 0.26 1.58 0.02

8.69 2.71 1.96 1.90 0.25 1.84 0.03

4.77 1.60 0.31 1.60 0.03 1.20 0.03

5.07 1.54 0.43 1.22 0.42 1.32 0.14

5.18 1.46 0.45 1.38 0.42 1.36 0.12

5.09 1.45 0.36 1.36 0.37 1.46 0.09

0.45 -1.96 -0.31 4.67 -0.47 3.53 -0.84

-3.30 -3.84 -10.06 -2.07 2.44 -1.47 8.63


2.39 2.32 -

2.15 1.73 0.30

2.07 1.92 -

2.08 1.97 -

3.12 2.18 0.86

3.41 2.47 0.86

3.21 2.48 0.59

-0.86 -1.09 -

2.80 1.61 -


0.08 1.03 0.02 0.30

0.12 1.64 0.29 0.03 0.59

0.14 3.21 0.62 0.05 1.56

0.12 3.69 0.08 0.02 2.35

0.00 0.09 3.81 0.15 0.01 2.12

0.01 0.07 3.63 0.07 0.01 2.02

0.06 0.07 3.30 0.07 0.02 1.83

3.65 6.89 4.98 10.10

-4.09 0.17 -12.95 -4.63 1.02


0.19 0.52 0.77 0.47

0.29 0.44 3.95 2.65 0.41 0.54

0.45 0.53 5.22 2.36 0.34 1.90

0.00 e 0.67 0.58 e 3.14 0.27 0.02 1.94

0.04 0.59 0.89 2.06 0.18 0.10 0.46

0.05 0.58 0.89 2.50 0.04 0.07 1.29

0.04 0.56 0.78 2.68 0.11 0.06 1.42

5.24 0.07 11.89 8.53

1.38 2.47 -4.08 -17.39 -10.16 -1.78

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 0.13 0.20 0.30 Heat 0.17 0.15 0.33 Non-Energy Use 0.70 0.36 2.29 Coal and Peat 0.05 0.05 Oil 0.40 0.11 2.25 Gas 0.30 0.20 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.00 0.65 0.26 e 1.95 0.05 1.90 -

0.01 0.00 0.90 0.39 1.88 0.05 1.32 0.51

0.00 0.00 0.76 0.34 1.83 0.05 1.22 0.55

0.01 0.00 0.77 0.31 1.84 0.06 1.33 0.46

5.04 3.86 7.20 10.64 -

6.15 -0.47 -1.35 1.55 -3.24 -


of which:



Slovak Republic 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


2.4 8.9 -

2.4 9.0 -0.1 0.3

2.0 8.9 -0.1 0.5

1.5 5.0 -0.1 -0.2

0.9 5.6 -0.2 -0.2

0.8 5.4 -0.2 0.4

0.8 5.7 -0.2 -0.1

-1.1 -0.1 x

-5.5 -3.1 2.9 x

Primary Supply

11.4

11.7

11.2

6.1

6.1

6.4

6.2

-0.1

-3.5


-1.9

-0.1

-0.0

0.0

-0.1

-0.1

..

x

x


-4.0 e

-5.1 e

-4.6 e

-3.6 e

-3.7 e

-3.8 e

..

0.8

-1.1


-2.7 -2.7 -

-4.1 -3.5 -0.6

-3.3 -2.9 -0.5

-2.4 -2.1 -0.3

-2.5 -2.2 -0.3

-2.4 -2.1 -0.3

.. .. ..

1.2 0.3 -

-2.0 -1.8 -3.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-1.3 e -0.6 e -0.7 -

-1.0 e -0.9 e -0.1 -

-1.3 e -1.2 e -0.1 -

-1.2 e -1.0 e -0.2 -

-1.3 e -1.3 e -0.0 -

-1.4 e -1.4 e -0.0 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.0 4.4 -13.0 -

0.8 1.0 -1.7 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

Own use

-

-0.6

-0.6

-0.4

-0.5

-0.6

..

-

-0.3

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.2

..

x

x

5.5

5.8

5.9

2.0

1.6

1.7

..

0.4

-7.5

3.8 1.5 e -

2.5 1.0 e 0.3 0.2 0.2

2.7 1.4 e 0.3 0.2 0.2

1.6 1.0 e 0.1 0.2 0.2

1.5 1.0 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

1.4 1.1 e 0.0 0.2 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.0 -0.4 -

-3.8 -1.7 -19.0 -0.6 -3.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

1.7 -

3.3 2.7 0.3

3.1 2.4 0.6

0.4 0.3 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.2 0.1 0.1

.. .. ..

3.6 -

-16.3 -17.4 -13.0


0.0

0.1

0.1

..

-

1.6



Industry sector


(7)





Slovak Republic 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


3.97 2.21 2.21 1.24 1.24 -

3.04 2.03 1.77 0.26 0.84 0.58 0.00 0.13 0.02 0.11 0.17 -

2.74 1.98 1.68 0.30 0.65 0.39 0.01 0.12 0.03 0.10 0.10 -

2.06 1.33 1.12 0.21 0.68 0.36 0.20 0.11 0.01 0.05 -

2.30 1.60 1.41 0.19 0.66 0.44 0.15 0.06 0.02 0.03 -

2.25 1.54 1.33 0.21 0.70 0.46 0.17 0.06 0.01 0.00 -

2.30 1.54 1.36 0.18 0.70 0.48 0.16 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.01

-3.04 -0.91 -2.25 -5.27 -19.12 -

-1.10 -1.56 -1.31 -3.17 0.50 1.27 1.80 3.86 -15.15 -3.78 -

2.18 2.15 0.03 0.03 -

2.34 2.05 0.28 0.01 0.01 -

3.14 2.92 0.18 0.04 0.04 -

2.60 2.21 0.35 0.04 0.04 -

2.85 2.44 0.39 0.03 0.03 -

2.74 2.35 0.38 0.01 0.01 -

2.85 2.38 0.47 -

3.08 2.56 3.54 -

-0.60 -1.26 6.26 -

13.36 16.04 12.48 3.98 5.59 3.74 3.98 4.83 3.43 0.76 0.31 3.82 3.28 2.41 0.27 0.19 0.87 0.61 0.13 0.09 0.44 0.41 3.82 1.57 1.11 6.55 5.99 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

4.21 3.03 2.89 0.14 0.60 0.01 0.30 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.54 -

3.59 2.75 2.72 0.03 0.21 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.15 0.02 0.60 -

3.31 2.86 2.83 0.03 0.20 0.00 0.05 0.13 0.02 0.23 -

3.17 2.66 2.63 0.03 0.20 0.02 0.00 0.16 0.01 0.30 -

-0.57 -0.52 -1.23 -3.77 -9.77 -

-8.21 -2.11 -1.65 -13.39 -14.49 -18.33 -24.62 -5.64 -24.66 -17.10 -





Slovak Republic 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


4.30 51.12 44.83

4.82 51.59 53.20

8.62 88.05 77.02

.. .. 78.90

.. x 171.55

.. x 189.00

.. x 223.54

.. x 294.68

.. x 326.81

7.88 27.50 51.12 x 44.83

8.51 28.31 51.59 x 53.20

15.25 56.57 88.05 x 77.02

.. .. .. .. 78.90

.. .. x 125.85 171.55

.. .. x 147.41 189.00

.. .. x 162.57 223.54

.. .. x 217.55 294.68

.. .. x 244.42 326.81


(Slovak Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

54 1020 830

60 1020 976

135 2190 1778

.. .. 4690

.. x 8108

.. x 7832

.. x 8921

.. x 11235

.. x 10370

Steam Coal 99 106 Coking Coal 397 405 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 1020 1020 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil x x Natural Gas 830 976 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

239 1018 2190 x 1778

.. .. .. .. 4690

.. .. x 6410 8108

.. .. x 6583 7832

.. .. x 6992 8921

.. .. x 8939 11235

.. .. x 8358 10370

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

8.95 4.76 .. .. 2.91 1.28

9.03 4.42 2.22 2.20 4.22 0.39

8.85 5.30 2.97 2.33 2.96 0.60

4.95 4.50 2.58 1.92 0.31 0.14

5.32 4.65 2.82 1.83 0.37 0.30

5.42 4.85 2.83 2.02 0.29 0.28

5.56 4.97 2.74 2.23 0.33 0.26

5.36 4.45 2.84 1.61 0.41 0.50

5.74 4.90 2.85 2.05 0.40 0.44

Total Exports 0.07 0.13 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.21 Hard Coal Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite 0.06 0.13 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.01 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.21 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.21 0.21

0.21 0.21





Slovak Republic 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

6151

5030

5866

4851

4945

5183

5263

4665

5176


2180 -

2330 -

3132 -

2596 901 e 669 e -

2828 1967 384 -

2847 1671 967 60 -

2732 1586 579 290 -

2847 1782 797 206 -

2852 296 1615 667 229 -

2180

2330

3132

1026 e -

477 -

149 -

180 97 -

55 7 -

45 -

3971 -

2700 -

2734 -

2255 931 e 286 e -

2117 229 243 -

2336 233 247 -

2531 22 227 2

1818 78 229 1 -

2324 214 262 -


2700

2734

579 e 459 e -

1253 386 6

1319 537 -

1968 163 149

16 1300 47 147

1832 12 4





Spain* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


250

250

200

200

150

150

100

100

50

50

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


30

30

25

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5

350



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

35

0 1971

1977


0 1971


300

350

250

300



2006


250

200

200 150 150 100

100

50 0 1971

50

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Spain 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

TPES (Mtce) 74.96 97.95 130.30 Coal and Peat 12.90 17.75 27.56 Oil 54.95 72.35 66.56 Gas 1.35 2.08 7.10 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.02 0.38 5.81 Nuclear 2.44 1.93 20.20 Hydro 3.55 3.63 3.12 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide 0.00 Net Electricity trade(1) -0.25 -0.17 -0.05 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

2000

2005

2006

2007e

178.08 29.88 92.59 21.74 5.90 23.16 3.63 e 0.01 0.63 0.55 -

207.04 29.27 101.66 42.62 7.33 21.42 2.20 e 0.01 2.69 e -0.16 -

206.51 25.53 101.20 44.30 7.39 22.38 3.14 e 0.01 2.95 e -0.40 -

211.61 28.86 101.90 45.90 8.25 20.51 3.37 0.01 3.51 -0.71 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 3.31 4.57 1.13 10.27 40.22 13.25 -0.76 -8.81 -

2.92 -0.48 2.65 12.13 1.51 0.64 0.04 55.76 13.69 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

708 0.29 44.1 4.69 95.1 70.1 108.7 299 106.3

735 0.29 44.6 4.74 93.8 76.3 .. 303 108.3


3.01 -0.09 0.76 2.14 -0.09 -3.38 1.33 4.36 1.72



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

1.87 6.71 2.53 -

1.38 8.05 4.60 -

0.28 10.30 6.20 -

7.73 3.65 -

5.89 3.06 -

5.28 3.36 -

4.97 3.13 -

-14.69 3.64 7.76 -

-4.09 -3.75 -

Mt: Coking Coal 1.80 1.33 0.28 Steam Coal 9.59 11.51 14.33 11.32 8.55 8.35 7.87 Brown Coal 8.26 15.45 21.07 12.15 10.93 10.09 9.31 Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-14.39 3.41 8.12 -

-3.32 -4.50 -




Spain 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

56.37 5.65 42.46 1.00 7.25 -

70.04 3.54 53.72 1.51 0.24 11.03 -

88.38 4.64 56.10 6.58 5.60 15.46 0.00

125.98 1.80 78.39 17.68 4.90 0.01 0.04 23.15 -

146.42 2.30 86.44 24.06 5.18 0.01 0.08 28.34 -

150.27 2.07 87.05 25.96 5.34 0.01 0.09 29.76 -

148.47 2.02 86.21 24.17 5.27 0.01 0.10 30.68 -

2.68 -1.16 1.65 11.69 4.55 -

3.30 -5.07 2.72 8.48 -0.38 4.38 -


24.65 5.18 14.22 0.58 4.66 -

26.93 3.16 16.03 0.88 0.24 6.63 -

27.70 4.21 8.23 4.86 2.64 7.77 -

35.32 1.71 8.16 13.07 1.86 0.00 10.52 -

42.35 2.06 8.24 17.63 1.94 0.00 12.47 -

43.54 1.80 7.90 18.97 1.96 0.00 12.90 -

42.39 1.67 7.89 17.74 1.97 0.00 13.12 -

0.69 -1.22 -3.17 13.30 3.05 -

2.70 -5.62 -0.26 8.44 -1.82 3.33 -


16.74 0.02 16.54 -

22.78 0.01 22.53 -

32.00 31.55 -

47.02 46.39 0.01

54.72 53.83 -

56.59 55.56 -

58.32 57.41 -

3.89 3.87 -

3.82 3.81 -


0.18 5.18 0.44 3.07 0.33

0.23 7.33 0.37 4.08 0.48

0.45 13.08 0.40 5.09 0.91

0.10 0.51 16.97 0.06 5.78 2.88

0.25 0.64 20.84 0.19 6.25 4.33

0.37 0.66 21.52 0.23 6.10 4.55

0.25 0.66 21.08 0.28 5.41 4.35

5.60 5.60 -0.63 3.02 6.11

2.40 3.03 -2.16 0.37 10.28


1.33 1.96 0.95 0.09

2.40 3.10 1.44 0.15

2.96 3.71 0.00 4.87 0.02 1.49 0.27

2.88 0.05 7.13 .. 11.05 3.04 0.46

2.89 0.06 7.69 e .. 12.01 3.05 1.01

2.90 0.00 0.07 8.07 e .. 11.52 2.33 0.96

6.21 5.50 2.67 6.69

-0.13 4.98 5.52 2.81 8.16

0.08 0.00 0.02 7.45 .. 12.43 11.80 0.63

0.09 0.00 0.03 7.84 e .. 11.93 11.24 0.69

0.12 0.00 0.03 8.09 e .. 11.04 10.41 0.63

7.39 3.30 2.90 -

6.21 1.77 1.81 1.03


of which:


2.85 0.03 5.36 .. 9.57 0.03 e 2.41 0.90 0.07 0.00 0.01 6.15 .. 13.42 12.74 0.68



Spain 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


9.3 3.1 -0.0 0.6

14.0 5.9 -0.0 -2.2

16.8 10.2 -0.0 0.7

11.4 19.1 -0.8 0.2

8.9 21.2 -0.6 -0.2

8.6 20.4 -1.1 -2.4

8.1 21.0 -2.0 1.8

3.6 7.3 10.0 x

-4.1 4.4 21.9 x

Primary Supply

12.9

17.8

27.6

29.9

29.3

25.5

28.9

4.6

-0.5

1.2

0.0

-0.1

0.6

0.3

-0.9

..

x

x


-7.8 e

-13.4 e

-22.3 e

-28.2 e

-26.8 e

-22.0 e

..

6.4

-0.1


-4.3 -4.3 -

-11.2 -11.1 -0.1

-20.3 -20.1 -0.2

-26.7 -26.4 -0.3

-25.6 e -25.4 e -0.2 e

-21.0 -20.7 -0.3

.. .. ..

9.5 9.5 -

0.2 0.2 3.7

-

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

..

-

-

-2.2 e -1.8 e -0.4 0.0

-2.0 e -1.4 e -0.6 0.0

-1.5 e -1.0 e -0.6 -

-1.2 e -0.9 e -0.3 -

-1.0 e -0.8 e -0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-3.3 -3.4 -3.2 -

-4.2 -3.1 -8.2 -


Coal Transformation


-3.5 e -2.5 e -1.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.7

-0.8

-0.5

-0.4

-0.6

-0.5

..

-1.7

0.2

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

..

x

x

5.7

3.5

4.6

1.8

2.1

2.0

..

-1.2

-5.1


5.2 3.2 e 0.4 -

3.2 2.4 e 0.3 0.3 0.0

4.2 2.1 e 0.2 1.6 0.0

1.7 1.1 e 0.1 0.4 -

1.8 1.2 e 0.2 0.1 -

1.7 1.1 e 0.2 0.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.2 -2.5 -3.8 -

-5.6 -3.8 -1.3 -12.8 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.4 0.4

0.4 0.4

0.4 0.0 0.4

0.3 0.2

0.3 0.3

.. .. ..

-0.2 -0.6

-1.3 -2.2

-

-

..

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)



-

0.1 0.0 e 0.1 -




Spain 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

8.33 6.82 6.69 0.13 0.06 0.30 0.75 0.31 0.20 0.17 0.00 0.08 0.35 -

11.12 9.50 9.43 0.06 0.06 0.25 0.01 0.90 0.21 0.26 0.35 0.02 0.06 0.40 -

21.59 18.87 18.79 0.08 0.01 0.02 2.25 0.30 0.10 1.77 0.03 0.05 0.51 -

29.25 28.11 27.92 0.19 0.54 0.67 0.14 0.06 0.47 0.12 -

30.08 28.16 28.06 0.09 0.41 0.75 0.24 0.26 0.15 0.10 0.22 -

29.49 27.87 27.79 0.08 0.49 0.75 0.22 0.25 0.18 0.10 0.25 -

25.84 24.48 24.20 0.28 0.36 0.67 0.15 0.20 0.22 0.10 0.31 -

8.26 8.85 8.99 -4.23 -18.93 -18.94 9.56 -0.16 -5.73 21.76 25.32 -3.32 3.29 -

1.13 1.64 1.59 8.39 -7.33 -4.28 4.36 -12.23 4.43 -3.05 -

4.86 4.86 -

5.41 4.99 -

4.46 4.46 -

3.56 3.64 -

3.90 3.90 -

3.46 3.60 -

3.56 3.66 -

-0.73 -0.73 -

-1.40 -1.22 -

8.16 14.69 20.78 8.09 14.58 20.63 8.09 14.58 20.63 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.04 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

12.85 12.91 12.91 -

11.82 11.93 11.93 -

11.55 11.43 11.43 -

10.10 10.25 10.25 -

8.10 8.12 8.12 7.64 4.66 -6.53 1.09 -

-4.41 -4.28 -4.28 -





Spain 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


42.60 65.54 60.18

69.75 125.39 127.62

.. 106.42 118.39

.. 169.30 128.33

.. 201.33 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. 68.57 65.54 .. 100.39

.. 103.43 117.59 .. 172.12

.. c 106.42 .. 127.20

.. c 138.84 169.30 136.41

.. c 171.95 201.61 158.66

.. c .. 204.12 167.70

.. c .. 278.37 197.69

.. c .. 322.89 276.03

.. c .. 345.20 295.78



15.43 40.57 35.67

23.62 72.57 70.72

.. 87.60 93.31

.. 246.67 179.02

.. 239.27 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal .. .. Coking Coal 32.38 45.66 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 40.57 68.06 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 59.50 95.38 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

.. c 87.60 .. 100.25

.. c 202.29 246.67 190.29

.. c 204.36 239.60 180.53

.. c .. 220.65 173.57

.. c .. 300.92 204.61

.. c .. 345.57 282.85

.. c .. 338.40 277.61

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

3.08 2.60 .. .. 0.01 0.47

5.92 5.35 4.23 1.12 0.00 0.57

10.16 9.76 4.29 5.48 0.00 0.39

19.07 18.93 3.84 15.09 0.14

18.95 18.73 3.55 15.18 0.23

21.22 21.04 4.14 16.90 0.18

21.20 21.06 3.66 17.40 0.14

20.38 20.21 3.71 16.50 0.16

20.97 20.83 3.77 17.06 0.14

Total Exports 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.77 0.78 1.02 0.63 Hard Coal 0.01 0.01 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.01 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.77 0.78 1.02 0.63 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

1.08 1.08

1.96 0.87 0.02 0.84 1.09





Spain 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

3376

5678

10455

21649

21552

24473

24756

23704

24439


3029 454 68 395 1369 743 -

4074 636 47 60 999 2300 -

4169 672 364 234 2899 -

3755 1388 383 1912 -

3321 1883 200 1092 -

4043 2155 230 114 1318 -

3571 1682 285 99 1273 -

3622 1969 234 151 976 -

3682 2300 158 1224 -

-

32

-

72 -

146 -

70 19 137 -

178 54 -

291 1 -

-

347 12 21

1604 714 15

6286 271 43 16 153 275 89

17894 1627 102 313 27 585 36

18231 1922 98 24 387 65

20430 1108 99 28 22 689 46

21185 1433 16 169 28 4 227 12

20082 1579 102 45 16 446 19

20757 1414 100 37 21 138 53


72 713 90 -

404 4667 285 53 30

191 1112 2804 9180 1496 32 389 -

1478 3300 8835 1926 171 25 -

73 972 3521 10176 3148 483 15 40 10

47 1938 3784 8736 4235 450 91 15 -

3 1534 4022 8213 3609 225 153 110 6

3 2308 4599 8772 2705 161 382 64





Spain 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

54.09

62.38

58.59

57.10

60.44

79.30

116.50

134.81

124.87

47.61 .. .. 56.08 56.16 .. .. .. ..

59.85 .. .. 59.09 63.21 .. .. .. ..

52.80 57.34 .. 51.07 61.65 .. .. .. ..

55.95 56.12 .. 55.25 61.34 59.78 .. 28.36 60.54

58.00 61.03 .. .. 64.22 62.82 .. .. ..

68.83 79.64 .. 129.88 86.28 57.80 .. 72.04 145.89

110.07 141.45 .. 135.89 116.42 137.51 .. .. ..

137.79 142.24 .. 123.25 128.18 136.71 2611.31 .. ..

125.17 142.00 .. .. 122.09 .. .. .. ..

37.85 44.74 43.24 34.80 36.73 55.89 62.94 Imports from: Australia 41.82 52.89 50.56 37.98 36.99 57.79 93.53 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. 64.94 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. 102.86 .. 43.39 70.79 91.49 114.05 United States 91.78 44.32 38.79 33.76 37.31 49.58 46.84 China 34.40 .. .. .. .. .. 93.42 Colombia 37.52 48.08 46.44 35.86 40.52 63.98 63.06 South Africa 36.98 43.00 44.04 35.09 34.57 55.69 65.12 Former USSR(2) 38.17 42.90 46.33 33.97 42.05 70.46 65.99 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

60.66

74.06

97.90 377.69 .. 114.72 60.43 .. 61.96 61.65 64.82

79.48 403.91 .. 142.48 126.87 .. 72.34 75.14 92.84

Coking Coal

(1)





Sweden* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


80

200

70

180 160

60

140

50

120

40

100 80

30

60 20

40

10

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

0 1971

2007e

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


6

5

5

4

4 3 3 2 2 1

1 0 1971

180

1977



2007e

0 1971



160

90

140

80

120

70


2006


60

100

50

80

40 60

30

40

20

20 0 1971

10 1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Sweden 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 55.67 58.07 Coal and Peat 2.33 2.43 Oil 40.05 32.58 Gas Comb. Renew/Waste 5.06 5.90 Nuclear 0.79 9.86 Hydro 7.36 7.23 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.09 0.07 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

67.94 4.22 20.95 0.82 7.87 25.38 8.91 0.01 -0.22 -

68.94 3.50 20.39 1.11 11.80 21.34 9.65 0.06 0.57 0.51

74.57 3.75 21.29 1.20 12.80 26.95 8.94 0.12 -0.91 0.42

73.30 3.84 20.89 1.26 13.52 24.94 7.58 0.13 0.74 0.41

71.40 3.87 19.34 1.30 13.10 24.89 8.11 0.18 0.23 0.38

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.18 3.57 -3.74 2.63 22.68 1.13 -

0.48 -0.60 -0.02 2.69 3.44 -0.11 -1.00 22.15 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

290 0.25 9.1 8.07 90.0 92.9 86.1 143 112.0

298 0.24 9.1 7.82 85.5 91.3 .. 149 ..


2.31 -1.79 0.37 0.10 -1.79 -2.84 -1.75 -0.12 3.06



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

0.01 -

0.01 0.00

0.01 0.23

0.23

0.30

0.26

0.30

-3.07 -

0.80

Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal 0.02 0.02 0.01 Brown Coal Peat 0.00 0.58 0.54 0.71 0.62 0.70 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-3.07 -

0.42




Sweden 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

49.93 1.33 35.01 0.15 4.94 8.50 -

49.67 1.20 29.04 0.11 5.51 10.43 3.37

46.40 1.49 20.54 0.52 6.62 0.00 14.79 2.44

51.42 1.05 21.24 0.68 7.55 0.01 15.81 5.07

50.55 1.42 20.08 0.79 6.40 0.01 16.02 5.84

50.24 1.31 19.40 0.78 6.72 0.01 16.06 5.96

49.98 1.16 18.61 0.94 7.22 0.01 16.07 5.97

-0.43 0.70 -3.09 7.49 1.74 3.31 -

0.47 -1.57 -0.61 3.80 0.54 3.79 0.52 5.76

18.95 1.20 8.68 0.02 4.19 4.86 -

17.07 1.12 6.64 0.01 4.32 4.98 -

16.94 1.37 3.09 0.37 5.25 6.63 0.24

19.54 1.03 4.39 0.44 6.19 7.00 0.49

17.54 1.39 3.14 0.51 4.89 7.03 0.58

17.14 1.29 2.68 0.49 5.07 7.07 0.54

17.36 1.14 2.36 0.65 5.61 7.04 0.55

-0.66 0.77 -5.90 20.26 1.33 1.84 -

0.15 -1.15 -1.65 3.66 0.41 0.38 5.43

7.70 7.45 -

8.56 0.00 8.28 -

10.39 10.09 -

11.55 11.15 0.01

11.98 11.42 0.02

12.15 11.59 0.02

12.23 11.58 0.03

1.78 1.80 -

1.02 0.87 -

0.26 15.35 0.07 12.47 0.14

0.28 13.93 0.02 9.51 0.07

0.30 9.35 2.20 0.07

0.39 10.42 1.25 0.15

0.18 0.37 10.21 0.71 0.10

0.19 0.35 10.43 0.59 0.10

0.26 0.35 10.00 0.36 0.08

1.03 -2.88 -9.71 -3.61

0.97 0.43 -10.75 0.62

0.74 1.93 1.41 0.04 -

1.18 3.16 1.93 0.00 0.02 0.03

0.90 0.00 4.68 1.49 5.72 1.93 0.06

0.88 0.01 5.16 2.97 6.28 1.50 0.05

0.82 0.01 5.08 3.48 6.50 1.14 0.13

0.90 0.01 5.24 3.59 6.13 0.88 0.14

0.85 0.01 5.10 3.61 5.84 0.50 0.15

1.15 5.34 8.59 24.93 -

-0.36 3.79 0.53 5.69 0.13 -8.07 5.67

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.01 0.02 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.37 1.87 2.99 Heat 0.71 Non-Energy Use 3.11 2.24 2.76 Coal and Peat 0.06 0.06 0.06 Oil 3.06 2.18 2.70 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.02 3.12 1.60 2.47 0.02 2.45 -

0.08 3.39 1.77 3.15 0.02 3.13 -

0.09 3.21 1.82 3.22 0.02 3.20 -

0.06 3.33 1.79 3.41 0.02 3.39 -

4.72 -0.71 0.32 -0.73 -

5.90 0.68 5.99 1.33 -6.39 1.43 -





Sweden 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


0.0 2.4 -0.0 -0.1

0.0 2.5 -0.1 0.0

0.2 3.8 -0.0 0.2

0.2 3.5 -0.0 -0.2

0.3 3.7 -0.0 -0.2

0.3 3.4 -0.0 0.2

0.3 3.6 -0.0 0.0

19.5 2.7 3.5 x

0.7 -0.8 -1.8 x

Primary Supply

2.3

2.4

4.2

3.5

3.7

3.8

3.9

3.6

-0.6


-

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.4

..

x

x


-0.9 e

-1.0 e

-2.6 e

-2.3 e

-2.4 e

-2.9 e

..

6.4

0.8


-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.1 -0.1 -0.0

-1.6 -1.6 -0.0

-1.1 -1.0 -0.1

-1.2 -1.1 -0.1

-1.2 -1.1 -0.1

.. .. ..

19.8 19.7 -

-1.9 -2.2 11.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.8 e -0.8 e -0.0 -

-0.9 e -0.7 e -0.2 -

-0.9 e -0.7 e -0.2 -

-1.2 e -0.8 e -0.4 -

-1.2 e -0.9 e -0.3 -

-1.7 e -0.9 e -0.8 -

.. .. .. .. ..

0.7 -0.8 11.2 -

3.9 1.5 8.0 -


Coal Transformation



Industry sector

Iron and Steel Chemical Non-metallic minerals Paper, pulp and print Transport sector(6)

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.1 e

-

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.2

..

3.8

1.5

-0.1 e

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

..

x

x

1.3

1.2

1.5

1.1

1.3

1.2

..

0.7

-1.6

1.2 0.7 e 0.0 0.3 0.0

1.1 0.6 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

1.4 0.6 e 0.0 0.4 0.1

1.0 0.5 e 0.0 0.3 0.0

1.3 0.8 e 0.0 0.2 0.0

1.1 0.6 e 0.0 0.3 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

0.8 -1.4 10.1 2.8 20.8

-1.2 0.7 -7.3 -2.7 -6.5

-

0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.1 -

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-0.5 -

-


0.0

0.0

0.0

..

0.3

-6.4

Other Sectors

(7)





Sweden 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


0.34 0.02 0.02 0.30 0.02 0.01 0.19 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.03

0.48 0.09 0.08 0.00 0.33 0.03 0.04 0.21 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.05

2.19 1.19 1.17 0.01 0.18 0.74 0.05 0.03 0.39 0.10 0.18 0.02

1.09 0.50 0.49 0.01 0.27 0.50 0.04 0.25 0.03 0.17 -

1.54 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.42 0.60 0.14 0.25 0.03 0.18 -

1.22 0.42 0.42 0.00 0.42 0.57 0.11 0.25 0.04 0.18 -

1.02 0.56 0.56 0.00 0.43 0.56 0.09 0.26 0.04 0.18 -

16.72 43.16 43.02 7.88 6.32 9.89 6.43 33.48 7.07 -3.02

-4.69 -4.54 -4.51 -7.53 5.46 -1.75 3.86 -2.54 -6.11 0.04 -

1.23 1.23 -

1.65 1.65 -

1.52 1.52 -

1.77 1.77 -

1.79 1.79 -

1.85 1.85 -

2.22 2.22 -

1.77 1.77 -

2.41 2.41 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-






Sweden 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


50.00 67.15 ..

91.90 145.18 ..

.. 77.87 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

77.55 64.11 80.71 .. ..

93.41 72.84 171.39 .. ..

92.56 .. x 270.45 ..

.. .. x 320.71 ..

.. .. x 456.54 ..

.. .. x 554.94 ..

.. .. x 623.71 ..

.. .. x 680.48 ..

.. .. x 756.03 ..


(Swedish Crowns / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

215 416 ..

370 842 ..

.. 632 ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. ..

Steam Coal 321 362 Coking Coal 267 284 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 500 994 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

502 .. x 2195 ..

.. .. x 4029 ..

.. .. x 5058 ..

.. .. x 5591 ..

.. .. x 6391 ..

.. .. x 6881 ..

.. .. x 7007 ..

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

2.42 0.98 .. .. 1.44

2.52 2.08 1.74 0.34 0.44

3.81 3.40 1.35 2.05 0.00 0.10 0.31

3.47 3.05 1.86 1.19 0.10 0.32

3.77 3.15 1.84 1.31 0.15 0.47

3.78 3.14 1.84 1.29 0.16 0.48

3.68 3.17 2.00 1.17 0.13 0.38

3.36 3.04 2.10 0.93 0.11 0.21

3.55 3.17 2.22 0.95 0.13 0.25

Total Exports 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.04 0.04 Hard Coal 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.00 Peat Coal Products(1) 0.01 0.11 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.04 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03

0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03





Sweden 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

1545

2182

3543

3092

3195

3186

3203

3052

3182


1239 78 99 231 71 5 338 -

1790 159 123 1 1105 -

1315 449 e 102 e 764 e -

1814 990 54 570 -

1796 1172 346 -

1802 1350 426 -

1955 1000 22 462 1

2052 1246 133 352 -

2167 1186 401 -

417 -

402 -

-

200 -

258 20

26 -

470 -

1 320 -

452 1 127

306 8 42 174 30 -

392 6 28 11 171 31 58 14

2228 187 1 6 7 732 103 117 8

1278 83 698 15 25 16

1399 36 570 5 23

1384 122 4 372 2 5

1248 370 3 127 2 30 23

1000 111 28 122 9 5 29

1015 130 8 8 8 22 20


73 -

8 108 573 375 3

120 271 50 -

174 503 88 -

458 320 101 -

377 263 53 -

442 254 -

255 388 176


e e e e e e e e e e

e e




Sweden 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

..

..

60.87

62.47

66.28

75.53

94.31

57.76

65.83

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

65.10 .. .. 55.47 61.89 .. .. .. 47.54

.. .. .. 65.53 .. .. .. .. 40.55

.. .. .. 67.15 .. .. .. .. 49.23

.. .. .. 75.73 .. .. .. .. 70.63

.. .. .. 96.64 .. .. .. .. 65.37

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57.76

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 65.83

.. .. 55.37 55.09 58.30 86.28 111.18 Imports from: Australia .. .. 67.27 65.36 69.86 107.17 152.75 Canada .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. 48.74 44.84 48.35 55.59 75.95 United States .. .. 66.14 67.14 66.68 90.11 91.28 China .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Colombia .. .. 53.77 47.51 .. .. .. South Africa .. .. 61.06 .. 50.79 .. .. Former USSR(2) .. .. 43.13 41.25 45.12 61.97 74.35 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

117.43

124.51

151.35 .. .. 71.82 124.76 .. .. .. 78.65

161.71 .. .. 84.84 138.55 .. .. .. 85.79

Coking Coal

(1)





Switzerland* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


45

140

40

120

35 100 30 25

80

20

60

15

40

10 20 5 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


1.2

0.8 0.7

1.0

0.6 0.8

0.5

0.6

0.4 0.3

0.4

0.2 0.2 0.0 1971

80

0.1

1977



2007e

0.0 1971




2006


45

70

40

60

35 50

30

40

25

30

20 15

20

10 10 0 1971

5 1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e

Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



Switzerland 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 27.97 29.60 Coal and Peat 0.47 0.47 Oil 21.60 18.85 Gas 0.21 1.24 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.34 0.67 Nuclear 2.35 5.35 Hydro 3.43 4.03 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) -0.43 -1.01 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

35.43 0.51 18.95 2.33 1.31 8.83 3.66 0.09 0.01 -0.26 -

37.14 0.20 17.95 3.48 1.81 9.88 4.53 0.13 0.04 -0.87 -

38.57 0.22 18.05 3.97 2.75 8.73 3.84 0.20 0.04 0.78 -

40.30 0.22 18.53 3.86 2.89 10.40 3.80 0.22 0.04 0.33 -

38.70 0.23 16.81 3.78 3.09 10.44 4.33 0.24 0.04 -0.25 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.40 0.55 -0.76 15.08 8.15 8.10 0.39 -2.94 -

0.81 -5.08 -0.14 3.21 5.09 1.03 0.24 5.83 8.70 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

275 0.15 7.6 5.33 98.7 103.2 100.4 62 108.8

283 0.14 7.5 5.13 92.0 104.1 .. 67 ..


1.26 -0.45 0.67 0.14 -0.45 -6.26 0.04 0.76 2.01



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


Mt: Coking Coal Steam Coal Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries (1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


Switzerland 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

24.77 0.41 20.11 0.34 0.34 3.56 -

24.71 0.45 18.18 1.03 0.46 4.33 0.27

27.81 0.50 18.02 2.20 0.87 0.09 0.01 5.77 0.36

29.98 0.20 18.38 3.26 1.09 0.13 0.03 6.43 0.45

31.14 0.19 17.99 3.66 1.66 0.18 0.03 6.90 0.52

31.82 0.22 18.06 3.77 1.95 0.20 0.04 7.04 0.55

31.78 0.22 17.96 3.68 2.02 0.22 0.04 7.10 0.55

0.68 1.07 -0.64 11.65 5.63 2.88 -

0.84 -4.87 -0.02 3.26 5.38 5.83 7.97 1.30 2.74


5.71 0.11 4.16 0.07 1.36 -

5.55 0.32 3.05 0.51 0.17 1.46 0.04

4.79 0.47 1.07 0.84 0.22 2.12 0.07

5.51 0.18 1.24 1.08 0.58 0.01 0.00 2.22 0.19

5.74 0.18 1.25 1.16 0.64 0.01 0.00 2.29 0.20

5.86 0.19 1.22 1.19 0.71 0.01 0.00 2.32 0.22

5.92 0.16 1.22 1.24 0.74 0.02 0.00 2.33 0.22

-1.02 8.90 -7.68 15.55 2.64 -

1.33 -6.60 0.81 2.44 7.70 0.61 7.58


6.01 5.76 -

6.26 6.00 -

8.80 8.48 -

10.53 10.21 -

9.93 9.57 -

10.01 9.63 -

10.15 9.76 -

2.27 2.30 -

0.90 0.88 -


0.25 1.81 0.30 0.27

0.26 7.71 0.13 5.63 0.39

0.32 7.47 0.02 4.75 0.87

0.32 7.93 0.01 4.17 1.23

0.00 0.36 8.61 0.01 4.38 1.41

0.01 0.37 8.90 0.03 4.43 1.45

0.01 0.38 8.76 0.07 4.25 1.40

1.42 8.69 -14.68 7.22

1.15 1.00 7.58 -0.69 3.03


0.34 0.90 1.03 -

0.25 1.24 0.07 3.82 2.21 0.13

1.67 0.15 4.78 0.00 2.63 0.42

0.31 0.10 0.02 1.93 0.16 4.64 1.80 0.72

0.36 0.14 0.02 2.10 0.19 5.34 1.76 0.78

0.45 0.16 0.02 2.17 0.20 5.52 1.76 0.80

0.47 0.17 0.02 2.17 0.20 5.39 1.64 0.75

3.72 9.48 -

1.66 1.75 0.75 -2.91 3.67

0.16 e 0.02 0.00 1.83 0.10 0.81 0.81 -

0.62 0.02 0.00 2.02 0.14 0.79 0.79 -

0.73 0.02 0.00 2.06 0.13 0.78 0.78 -

0.75 0.03 0.00 2.08 0.13 0.85 0.85 -

2.49 -1.72 -1.75 -

22.20 1.83 -0.29 0.42 0.46 -


of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.03 e Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 1.03 1.33 1.56 Heat 0.16 0.14 Non-Energy Use 1.07 0.88 0.80 Coal and Peat 0.00 0.00 Oil 1.07 0.88 0.79 Gas Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



Switzerland 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


0.3 -0.0 0.2

0.7 -0.3

0.5 -0.0 0.0

0.3 -0.1

0.1 0.1

0.2 -0.0 -0.0

0.3 -0.1

2.2 -5.2 x

-4.6 -2.3 x

Primary Supply

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.5

-5.1


-

-

-0.0

-

-

-

..

x

x


-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

..

-3.6

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -0.0

-0.0 -0.0 -0.0

-

-

-

.. .. ..

-

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.. .. .. .. ..

-

-



Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

x

x

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.2

..

1.1

-4.9

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0

0.5 0.0 0.4 0.0

0.2 0.2 -

0.2 0.2 -

0.2 0.1 -

.. .. .. .. ..

8.9 -7.5 19.4 3.7

-6.6 -6.2 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

0.3 0.3

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.1 0.1

.. .. ..

-14.4 -14.7

7.3 7.6


-

-

-

..

-

-



Industry sector


(7)





Switzerland 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes) 1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006


0.15 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02

0.32 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.28 0.03 0.18 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00

0.48 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.46 0.01 0.40 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00

0.17 0.17 0.16 0.01 -

0.18 0.18 0.17 0.01 -

0.18 0.18 0.18 0.01 -

0.15 0.15 0.15 0.01 -

10.26 12.70 26.63 13.55 -6.82 19.33 6.70 -4.17 -15.46 -12.55

-6.95 -6.62 -6.10 -4.24 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.01 0.01 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.01 0.01 -

0.00 0.00 -

0.04 0.04 -

0.09 0.09 -

-

12.53 12.53 -





Switzerland 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

68.83 .. 82.09 .. 153.69

95.71 127.62 152.84 .. 191.15

72.44 x 118.75 .. 182.83

60.13 x x 139.44 173.39

75.25 x x 161.42 249.12

110.05 x x 152.81 274.01

110.02 x x 224.72 313.13

111.27 x x 253.87 379.30

151.18 x x 286.50 448.44


(Swiss Francs / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

x .. ..

Steam Coal 105.5 137.5 Coking Coal .. 220.0 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 201.3 351.3 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas 353.3 411.9 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

86.3 x 226.2 .. 326.5

87.0 x x 322.8 376.3

86.8 x x 297.8 430.8

117.3 x x 260.5 437.9

117.5 x x 384.0 501.6

119.5 x x 436.3 611.1

155.5 x x 471.5 691.9

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.34 0.13 .. .. 0.21

0.72 0.55 0.55 0.17

0.50 0.46 0.46 0.01 0.03

0.27 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.03

0.11 0.08 0.08 0.00 0.02

0.19 0.17 0.17 0.00 0.02

0.14 0.10 0.10 0.03 0.02

0.23 0.15 0.15 0.06 0.02

0.30 0.21 0.21 0.06 0.02

Total Exports 0.03 0.01 Hard Coal 0.00 0.01 Coking Coal .. Steam Coal .. 0.01 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.03 0.00 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01

-





Switzerland 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

141

574

482

250

85

177

100

152

224

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

141 14 79 8 17

574 11 124 53 17 31

482 55 1 6

250 12 2

85 3 2

177 8 2

100 4 2

152 5 1

224 4 5 29


337 1

420 -

234 2 -

76 3 1 -

163 3 1 -

91 3 -

142 4 -

181 5 -





Turkey* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


160

400

140

350

120

300

100

250

80

200

60

150

40

100

20

50

0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971

1977

1983

Renewables



2001

2007e


45

40

40

35

35

30

30

25

25 20 20 15

15

10

10

5

5 0 1971

250

1977



0 1971




2006


250

200

200 150 150 100 100 50

0 1971

50

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


Turkey 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

TPES (Mtce) 34.85 44.98 Coal and Peat 7.36 9.98 Oil 17.89 22.38 Gas Comb. Renew/Waste 9.22 10.97 Nuclear Hydro 0.32 1.39 Geothermal 0.07 0.09 Solar, Wind, Tide Net Electricity trade(1) 0.16 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

75.62 24.15 33.69 4.08 10.29 2.84 0.62 0.04 -0.09 -

109.81 32.72 44.18 18.05 9.30 3.79 0.98 0.38 0.41 -

122.09 32.56 42.61 32.55 7.65 4.86 1.44 0.56 -0.14 -

134.28 37.78 44.80 37.09 7.39 5.44 1.40 0.59 -0.20 -

143.17 42.28 43.94 43.45 7.17 4.40 1.50 0.64 -0.21 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 4.66 7.24 3.79 0.65 13.72 13.75 -

3.65 2.84 1.80 14.80 -2.05 4.13 5.23 18.33 5.27 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005


66 84 140 199 246 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.50 Population (millions) 38.1 44.4 56.2 67.5 72.1 TPES/population(1) 0.92 1.01 1.35 1.63 1.69 TPES/GDP(2) 95.4 96.7 97.9 100.0 90.0 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 67.6 72.0 104.9 100.0 80.6 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 31.1 48.1 66.7 100.0 108.6 Elec. Generation (TWh) 12 23 58 125 162 Industrial Production(2) .. .. 70.5 100.0 125.7 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

2006

2007e

261 0.51 73.0 1.84 93.3 88.1 112.5 176 133.1

273 0.52 74.3 1.93 95.2 94.4 .. 191 140.2


3.97 -0.30 1.65 1.98 -0.30 -1.09 3.33 7.25 4.05



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

2.58 1.16 5.55 -

2.12 1.01 5.65 -

2.03 0.89 14.76 -

0.71 0.80 16.32 -

0.65 1.04 13.75 -

0.65 1.28 16.77 -

0.73 1.35 19.02 -

-2.00 -2.20 8.49 -

-6.88 2.31 0.80 -


-3.97 -3.02 9.45 -

-6.42 3.86 2.06 -




Turkey 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

28.44 4.18 13.69 0.06 9.22 0.07 1.22 -

37.65 5.95 18.19 0.06 10.97 0.09 2.40 -

57.50 10.74 29.36 1.03 10.29 0.52 0.04 5.52 -

83.38 15.49 38.07 7.01 9.22 0.88 0.37 11.78 0.55

91.62 16.30 38.31 12.07 7.90 1.16 0.54 14.70 0.64

95.02 15.34 38.84 14.35 7.60 1.32 0.55 15.80 1.21

104.93 18.11 40.97 17.93 7.32 1.28 0.57 17.37 1.37

4.23 5.70 4.59 18.63 0.65 12.60 9.29 -

3.83 3.32 2.10 19.52 -2.10 5.80 18.13 7.43 -


5.30 1.63 2.88 0.00 0.79 -

9.35 3.09 4.76 0.00 1.49 -

15.57 6.43 5.06 0.71 0.01 3.36 -

28.20 12.61 6.86 2.38 0.14 5.66 0.55

30.49 12.86 6.18 3.50 0.17 7.13 0.64

30.33 11.81 5.81 3.87 0.17 7.45 1.21

33.47 14.56 4.45 4.77 0.17 8.15 1.37

6.54 8.42 3.37 34.90 8.88 -

4.90 5.24 -0.80 12.67 18.53 5.70 -


6.32 0.75 5.56 -

7.89 0.26 7.62 -

13.43 0.02 13.37 -

17.54 0.00 17.39 0.06

18.53 18.29 0.15

19.30 19.06 0.15

21.41 21.15 0.17

4.54 -18.90 5.30 -

2.96 2.91 -

0.01 14.40 1.81 3.09 0.05

0.02 17.44 2.59 3.32 0.05

0.04 20.76 4.29 4.45 0.07

0.09 25.13 2.88 5.13 3.85

0.09 25.82 3.44 4.01 5.57

0.09 27.59 3.53 4.12 6.83

0.00 0.10 28.42 3.55 2.79 8.83

7.56 2.18 5.21 2.17 2.62

5.31 1.98 -1.16 -2.86 34.83

9.22 0.07 0.17 0.45 0.22 0.00

10.97 0.09 0.43 0.44 0.01

10.29 0.52 0.03 1.11 0.91 0.00

9.22 0.88 0.24 2.93 3.31 0.60

7.90 1.16 0.36 3.39 5.85 2.25

7.60 1.32 0.38 3.80 6.76 2.80

7.32 1.28 0.40 4.23 8.32 3.98

0.65 12.60 11.65 4.30 -9.07

-2.11 5.80 17.96 8.71 14.83 68.73


2.71 5.03 4.90 0.13

3.60 6.26 5.65 0.61

3.95 6.32 5.63 0.69

4.34 8.25 8.06 0.19

8.81 9.83 9.41 -

10.26 4.61 4.89 -1.80


of which:

Comb. Renew/Wastes Electricity Residential Coal and Peat Oil Gas Comb. Renew/Wastes Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity Heat Comm & Public Services Coal and Peat Oil Gas



Turkey 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


7.4 0.0 -0.1

8.8 0.8 -0.1 0.4

17.7 6.0 0.5

17.8 13.3 1.6

15.4 16.7 0.4

18.7 19.4 -0.3

21.1 21.3 -0.1

5.2 42.3 x

0.4 7.6 x

Primary Supply

7.4

10.0

24.2

32.7

32.6

37.8

42.3

7.2

2.8


-

-0.3

-2.0

-0.1

-0.6

0.0

..

x

x


-2.9 e

-3.4 e

-11.0 e

-16.7 e

-16.2 e

-19.2 e

..

8.1

3.6


-1.8 -1.8 -

-2.6 -2.2 -0.4

-7.8 -7.2 -0.7

-14.1 -13.4 -0.7

-13.5 -12.3 -1.1

-16.2 -14.8 -1.4

.. .. ..

9.0 8.4 -

4.6 4.6 4.7

-0.2

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

..

-6.5

-

-0.9 e 0.0 -0.6 e -0.4 -

-0.7 e 0.0 -0.9 e 0.1 -

-3.1 e 0.0 -1.6 e -1.5 -

-2.6 e 0.0 -1.8 e -0.8 -

-2.7 e 0.0 -1.8 e -0.9 -

-3.1 e 0.0 -1.9 e -1.2 -

.. .. .. .. ..

7.2 3.1 6.3 8.5 -

-0.1 4.8 0.9 -1.3 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-0.2

-0.3

-0.4

-0.4

-0.4

-0.4

..

4.0

0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.1

-0.0

..

x

x

4.2

5.9

10.7

15.5

15.3

18.1

..

5.7

3.3


1.6 0.4 e 0.3 -

3.1 0.9 e 0.2 -

6.4 1.0 e 0.4 0.0 0.0

12.6 1.3 e 0.0 0.1 0.0

11.8 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

14.6 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

8.4 6.2 2.1 -

5.2 0.3 -9.9 21.1 25.7

Transport sector(6)

0.7

0.3

0.0

0.0

-

-

..

-18.9

-

1.8 1.8

2.6 2.6

4.3 4.3

2.9 2.9

3.5 3.5

3.6 3.6

.. .. ..

5.2 5.2

-1.2 -1.2

-

-

-

-

..

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)






Turkey 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

1.21 0.68 0.68 0.09 0.29 0.29 0.10 -

1.22 0.61 0.61 0.06 0.43 0.43 0.06 -

2.81 0.37 0.37 0.06 1.12 0.01 0.00 1.12 1.25 -

8.48 1.66 1.66 6.15 0.03 0.02 6.10 0.68 -

13.59 3.98 3.98 8.78 0.07 0.02 8.70 0.83 -

13.84 4.57 4.57 8.42 0.07 0.02 8.33 0.85 -

16.87 4.69 4.69 11.39 0.08 0.03 11.29 0.79 -

7.31 -5.01 -5.01 -3.28 12.11 12.05 23.25 -

11.85 17.22 17.22 15.57 16.35 22.28 15.56 -2.83 -

3.43 0.36 0.31 0.05 2.39 0.29 0.05 0.05 0.11 -

3.41 0.16 0.10 0.06 2.56 0.23 0.15 0.15 0.13 -

5.34 0.11 0.08 0.03 4.66 0.10 0.34 0.34 0.13 -

7.04 0.28 0.28 4.19 2.47 0.09 2.38 0.10 -

5.31 0.49 0.49 4.33 0.37 0.09 0.28 0.12 -

5.59 0.60 0.60 4.22 0.64 0.09 0.55 0.13 -

5.93 0.79 0.79 4.75 0.28 0.08 0.20 0.11 -

3.75 -9.80 -11.22 -4.01 5.71 -8.83 17.37 17.37 1.19 -

0.66 13.43 22.67 0.11 -1.07 -3.11 -0.78 -

13.23 15.80 46.18 4.45 6.03 29.88 4.30 5.47 29.63 0.15 0.56 0.25 0.02 0.02 0.04 3.63 3.49 8.52 0.00 0.00 0.73 0.58 0.93 2.90 2.90 7.59 4.88 6.14 7.71 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

64.41 52.54 52.29 0.26 0.00 6.93 0.11 6.82 4.94 -

45.55 32.99 32.85 0.14 0.14 6.91 0.16 6.76 5.50 -

57.32 47.41 47.21 0.20 0.16 4.25 0.16 4.09 5.49 -

60.79 49.71 49.47 0.24 0.19 5.02 0.18 4.84 5.87 -

10.98 17.21 17.45 4.71 6.74 7.36 2.10 8.33 3.88 -

1.73 3.23 3.25 -0.28 11.15 -3.26 -9.94 -2.77 -1.69 -





Turkey 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


.. 105.18 ..

49.88 179.15 ..

31.85 174.87 110.22

50.45 150.29 131.07

66.43 221.90 173.38

90.65 252.39 177.29

88.31 397.54 234.31

86.87 467.45 271.71

97.11 573.13 341.32

.. 70.23 105.18 .. ..

86.47 83.99 179.15 .. ..

79.67 82.07 174.87 .. 98.09

53.26 80.19 150.29 .. 136.10

73.37 92.33 221.90 .. 178.03

67.16 118.78 252.39 .. 179.14

78.73 148.10 397.54 .. 236.86

79.99 161.57 467.45 .. 274.31

115.01 200.51 573.13 .. 342.86


(New Turkish Lira / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

.. 0.00 ..

0.00 0.02 ..

0.02 0.63 0.37

9.01 128.86 105.36

28.53 457.39 335.05

36.93 493.59 325.05

33.83 731.11 403.98

35.49 916.73 499.57

36.07 1021.81 570.49

Steam Coal .. 0.00 Coking Coal 0.00 0.01 High Suplhur Fuel Oil 0.00 0.02 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil .. .. Natural Gas .. .. Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes

0.13 0.19 0.63 .. 0.33

20.22 43.69 128.86 .. 109.40

66.95 120.93 457.39 .. 344.04

58.15 147.60 493.59 .. 328.43

64.10 173.07 731.11 .. 408.38

69.45 201.34 916.73 .. 504.33

90.78 227.15 1021.81 .. 573.06

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

0.01 0.01 .. .. -

0.82 0.82 0.82 -

6.02 6.01 4.25 1.76 0.01 -

13.30 12.57 6.27 6.30 0.00 0.72

15.57 15.06 4.89 10.17 0.51

16.00 15.61 5.00 10.61 0.39

16.74 16.33 5.23 11.10 0.41

19.40 18.93 5.74 13.19 0.01 0.45

21.32 20.88 5.36 15.52 0.44

Total Exports 0.07 0.01 Hard Coal 0.00 Coking Coal .. 0.00 Steam Coal .. Brown Coal / Lignite 0.07 0.01 Peat Coal Products(1) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-

-





Turkey 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

475

945

5557

12990

16166

16427

17360

20286

22534


475 70 405 -

945 945 -

3717 1318 51 2011 -

6202 2793 847 100 2150 -

4755 1209 854 209 1278 -

4784 776 1354 1571 -

4943 882 1175 187 6 1810 -

5490 1569 1125 164 1045 -

5122 1756 964 1312 -

-

-

337 -

259 53 -

727 478 -

25 554 504 -

101 574 208 -

1203 384 -

1013 77 -

-

-

1840 58 -

6788 69 21

11411 50 17 -

11643 38 -

12417 24 1 -

14796 -

17412 326 176


-

1252 530 -

1440 5023 174 61

1045 1825 46 2299 5990 78 61

1441 1567 97 1940 6215 146 199

1517 2456 1448 6198 611 11 151

1829 2215 7273 374 3105

1947 2755 2499 8862 685 3 159





United Kingdom* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


400

120

350

100

300 80

250

60

200 150

40

100 20 50 0 1971

1977

Coal

1983

Oil

Gas

1989 Nuclear

1995

2001

2007e

0 1971


120

120

100

100

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

450



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

140

0 1971

1977


0 1971


400




600

350 500

300 250

400

200

300

150 200 100 100

50 0 1971

1977 Coal

1983 Oil

Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981 Coal

1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001

2006

Other



United Kingdom 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 315.42 287.61 303.26 Coal and Peat 109.18 98.28 90.15 Oil 159.46 117.48 118.20 Gas 35.87 57.59 67.41 Comb. Renew/Waste 0.90 Nuclear 10.42 13.78 24.48 Hydro 0.47 0.48 0.64 Geothermal 0.00 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.02 Net Electricity trade(1) 0.01 0.00 1.47 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

334.08 52.84 119.51 124.82 2.75 31.67 0.62 0.00 0.13 1.74 -

335.04 54.20 120.86 122.29 5.28 30.39 0.60 0.00 0.40 1.02 -

330.18 58.98 119.72 115.77 5.55 28.09 0.57 0.00 0.57 0.92 -

324.20 60.98 114.93 116.97 6.01 23.23 0.63 0.00 0.81 0.64 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 -0.23 -1.12 -1.75 3.78 5.15 1.78 36.14 -

0.53 -2.62 0.08 3.44 12.08 0.86 -0.76 25.19 -2.85 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005



2006

2007e

1685 0.20 60.5 5.45 85.1 96.1 89.6 394 94.7

1736 0.19 60.8 5.33 81.1 96.5 .. 394 95.0

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 1.95 -2.14 0.11 -0.34 -2.14 -3.01 -0.96 0.72 0.92

2.47 -1.89 0.35 0.18 -1.89 -4.96 -1.04 1.36 0.48



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


14.68 84.26 -

9.68 95.97 -

1.60 74.99 -

0.26 26.28 -

0.29 16.72 -

0.28 14.98 -

0.28 14.98 -

-16.87 -0.97 -

-10.34 -9.58 -

Mt: Coking Coal 15.11 10.05 1.60 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.27 Steam Coal 108.47 120.05 91.16 30.94 20.22 18.26 18.26 Brown Coal Peat Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

-17.06 -1.44 -

-10.61 -9.56 -




United Kingdom 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

208.49 37.79 108.29 33.77 28.63 -

191.68 20.10 89.31 53.31 28.79 0.17

205.94 15.39 96.54 59.68 0.59 0.00 0.01 33.72 -

229.71 5.68 104.29 74.89 0.88 0.00 0.02 40.47 3.48

229.91 4.27 106.86 74.48 0.83 0.00 0.04 41.64 1.80

230.44 3.69 109.44 72.35 0.77 0.00 0.04 42.37 1.78

226.76 3.89 109.07 68.86 0.96 0.00 0.05 42.11 1.82

-0.07 -5.15 -0.67 3.41 0.97 -

0.60 -8.24 0.77 0.90 3.02 8.24 1.40 -


75.06 19.05 30.33 14.47 11.21 -

56.11 8.50 17.41 19.30 10.72 0.17

45.47 9.11 9.00 14.86 0.14 12.36 -

48.25 3.37 8.61 20.27 0.40 14.02 1.57

45.13 3.09 9.29 17.01 0.31 14.23 1.19

45.59 2.83 9.94 16.91 0.18 14.56 1.16

44.61 3.11 9.95 15.89 0.18 14.29 1.19

-2.91 -4.25 -6.90 0.16 0.58 -

-0.12 -6.49 0.63 0.42 1.65 0.91 -


43.35 0.08 42.96 -

47.53 0.05 47.10 -

65.06 0.00 64.41 -

74.72 73.66 -

77.02 75.95 -

78.84 77.69 -

80.01 78.66 -

2.42 -18.29 2.41 -

1.30 1.26 -


0.32 48.09 15.74 5.54 15.60

0.37 51.32 9.65 3.76 27.33

0.65 53.24 4.97 3.30 33.20

1.06 61.48 2.23 4.31 40.88

0.02 1.04 63.85 1.16 4.34 43.81

0.10 1.05 62.07 0.82 4.11 42.44

0.30 1.05 60.02 0.75 4.32 40.29

4.23 0.60 -6.56 -3.00 4.54

3.04 0.75 -11.11 1.70 1.22


11.22 19.03 2.82 8.36 2.45

10.58 18.20 1.87 6.63 3.08

0.25 11.52 18.37 1.29 4.43 3.90

0.25 13.74 0.06 24.07 0.06 2.01 8.93

0.27 14.19 0.07 23.46 0.02 1.23 9.89

0.27 14.35 0.07 23.27 0.02 1.24 9.44

0.27 14.31 0.07 23.00 0.01 1.18 9.19

0.16 -0.21 -4.51 -3.68 2.77

0.47 1.36 1.41 -25.07 -7.95 5.50

Comb. Renew/Waste 0.05 Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 5.40 6.62 8.71 Heat Non-Energy Use 17.22 10.14 15.46 Coal and Peat Oil 17.22 10.14 13.24 Gas 2.22 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

0.11 11.12 1.85 16.18 14.65 1.52

0.13 11.66 0.53 16.47 15.36 1.11

0.12 11.89 0.55 16.44 15.36 1.07

0.11 11.96 0.55 15.16 14.11 1.05

2.85 -0.63 -1.53 -

4.53 2.01 -0.13 0.40 -4.57


of which:



United Kingdom 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


108.4 1.6 -2.8 2.0

105.7 6.4 -4.4 -9.4

76.6 14.7 -2.6 1.4

26.5 22.2 -1.1 5.2

17.0 39.6 -0.7 -1.7

15.3 45.2 -0.6 -0.9

15.3 45.1 -0.5 1.2

-2.0 13.9 -0.6 x

-9.6 7.3 -8.3 x

Primary Supply

109.2

98.3

90.2

52.8

54.2

59.0

61.0

-1.1

-2.6


3.3

0.3

-1.5

-0.5

-0.2

-0.2

..

x

x


-70.9 e

-76.7 e

-72.1 e

-44.9 e

-48.9 e

-53.4 e

..

0.1

-1.9


-65.0 -65.0 -

-74.3 -72.0 -2.3

-68.3 -66.3 -1.9

-41.1 -37.7 -3.3

-46.0 -42.9 -3.1

-50.4 -47.3 -3.1

.. .. ..

0.3 0.1 -

-1.9 -2.1 3.1

-0.4

-0.0

-

-

-

-

..

-

-

-5.5 e -2.3 e -3.2 -0.0

-2.4 e -0.9 e -1.4 -0.0

-3.9 e -2.6 e -1.1 -0.2

-3.9 e -3.0 e -0.9 0.1

-2.9 e -2.6 e -0.3 0.0

-3.0 e -2.7 e -0.3 0.0

.. .. .. .. ..

-2.1 0.8 -6.2 9.7

-1.5 0.4 -7.3 -


(2)



Industry sector


(7)


-

-

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

..

-

-

-3.2

-1.9

-1.1

-1.5

-1.1

-1.2

..

-6.1

0.4

-0.5

-

-

-0.2

-0.3

-0.2

..

x

x

37.8

20.1

15.4

5.7

3.7

3.9

..

-5.1

-8.2

3.4 1.2 e 0.0 1.1 0.1

2.8 1.2 e 0.1 1.0 0.1

3.1 1.5 e 0.1 0.9 0.1

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.2 -4.8 7.5 -5.3 -4.3

-6.5 -5.6 -12.1 -2.5 -9.2

19.0 9.0 e 0.3 3.4 1.2

8.5 3.6 e 0.2 2.5 0.1

9.1 3.9 e 0.9 1.4 0.6

0.1

0.1

0.0

-

-

-

..

-18.3

-

18.7 2.8 15.7

11.5 1.9 9.6

6.3 1.3 5.0

2.3 0.1 2.2

0.9 0.0 0.8

0.8 0.0 0.8

.. .. ..

-6.2 -4.5 -6.6

-12.3 -25.1 -11.1

-

-

-

-

..

-

-





United Kingdom 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)



1978

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

105.68 83.21 80.64 2.57 1.19 1.85 0.01 6.19 0.11 0.03 3.09 0.32 2.65 12.17 -

111.98 91.98 89.57 2.41 1.10 1.90 0.00 5.47 0.12 0.02 3.03 0.18 2.12 10.67 -

96.21 84.01 82.56 1.46 0.78 5.25 0.01 1.04 1.50 0.63 2.07 5.43 -

51.02 46.85 44.76 2.09 0.54 1.88 0.00 0.03 1.24 0.12 0.48 1.95 -

54.09 50.92 48.97 1.95 0.33 1.85 0.15 1.13 0.14 0.43 0.96 -

55.29 52.53 50.58 1.95 0.27 1.79 0.14 1.12 0.14 0.39 0.64 -

60.24 57.77 55.81 1.97 0.28 1.72 0.14 1.05 0.14 0.39 0.56 -

-0.78 0.08 0.20 -4.59 -3.51 -1.36 -16.73 35.13 -5.84 5.93 -2.04 -6.51 -

-2.88 -2.31 -2.42 1.89 -6.26 -6.75 -11.81 -2.23 -8.92 -9.92 -13.21 -

14.99 14.91 -

11.63 11.61 -

10.52 10.09 0.66 0.11 0.11 -

8.85 8.23 0.45 0.01 0.01 -

6.48 5.49 0.82 0.07 0.07 -

6.51 5.56 0.98 0.06 0.06 -

7.05 5.93 1.00 0.12 0.12 -

-2.91 -3.21 -

-2.47 -3.27 2.66 0.64 0.64 -

-

-

-

-

-

-



-




United Kingdom 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


52.22 67.68 52.95

91.69 141.40 93.22

96.27 66.97 c

54.98 128.54 80.87

56.88 179.63 100.81

73.96 184.44 126.07

81.21 272.73 166.93

86.79 302.90 213.90

101.94 323.33 223.61

49.78 .. 72.87 .. 67.84

91.32 .. 151.43 .. 126.11

88.51 .. 95.94 .. 123.24

59.29 .. 135.89 .. 81.39

70.32 .. x 180.51 128.07

86.73 .. x 197.13 157.56

99.67 .. x 266.25 232.41

99.25 .. x 307.96 298.51

113.16 .. x 408.30 258.84


(Pounds Sterling / unit)(2) For Electricity Generation Steam Coal Heavy Fuel Oil Natural Gas

21.97 49.72 35.47

31.84 85.73 51.54

43.77 53.16 c

29.35 119.80 68.73

28.11 155.01 79.32

32.61 141.99 88.50

36.07 211.50 118.04

38.06 231.91 149.33

41.16 227.95 143.75


44.67 .. 76.16 .. 89.21

35.13 .. 126.65 .. 69.17

38.58 .. x 155.77 100.77

42.45 .. x 151.76 110.61

49.14 .. x 206.48 164.35

48.31 .. x 235.78 208.40

50.72 .. x 287.85 166.40

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

1.60 1.38 .. .. 0.23

6.42 6.26 2.32 3.94 0.16

14.75 14.38 8.84 5.54 0.37

22.18 21.70 8.34 13.36 0.48

29.32 28.38 6.38 22.00 0.94

32.86 31.86 6.25 25.60 1.00

39.61 38.74 6.45 32.29 0.87

45.22 44.27 6.67 37.59 0.95

45.11 44.14 6.67 37.47 0.96

Total Exports 2.85 4.41 2.56 1.13 0.73 0.80 0.70 Hard Coal 2.22 3.24 2.17 0.68 0.54 0.62 0.57 Coking Coal .. 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Steam Coal .. 3.20 2.12 0.67 0.54 0.61 0.57 Brown Coal / Lignite Peat Coal Products(1) 0.62 1.18 0.39 0.45 0.19 0.18 0.13 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

0.64 0.46 0.00 0.46 0.17

0.55 0.37 0.00 0.36 0.18





United Kingdom 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

Hard Coal

2352

7334

14783

23446

31891

36153

43968

50456

50311


1383 380 207 375 421 -

2407 518 403 1486 -

8614 2966 961 2 794 3791 7

8462 4880 1633 1936 2

6474 4409 839 1089 14

6345 4140 715 1342 -

6551 3532 1084 1210 -

6774 3846 1282 1301 20

6774 3846 1282 1301 -

-

-

93 -

11 -

123 -

148 -

697 28 -

298 27

298 47

969 645 53 41 1 73

4927 2329 81 43 2167 78

6169 67 24 2 248 250 1641 1868

14984 1222 1107 837 205

25417 1255 2 1902 65 513

29808 2040 25 13 1208 723 465

37417 933 17 647 299 294

43682 172 50 1188 692 340

43537 172 44 883 692 263


66 46 117

69 956 356 499 169 20

143 5649 9 4756 480 5 208 123 240

214 3411 402 12221 5264 72 44 45 7

235 3635 1458 10149 9784 11 39 23 -

134 3292 1621 13034 16831 90 225

55 3798 1895 12953 22020 421 19 79

34 3798 1895 12901 22404 394 57





United Kingdom 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

2176

4007

2258

656

540

612

533

442

349

2174 113 125 6 950 446 202 53 168 79 3 3 26 -

4005 185 606 7 1474 1116 289 9 221 63 5 30 -

1960 1 67 366 204 271 214 18 246 25 145 178 138 87 -

653 73 12 77 13 265 1 15 158 31 8 -

535 80 1 13 52 1 2 303 78 5 -

609 65 1 1 51 8 377 4 87 8 7 -

528 84 1 4 33 1 3 309 3 85 5 -

439 68 1 1 5 24 4 10 272 3 17 29 5 -

347 3 5 17 248 9 64 1 -

2 2 -

2 1 1

289 5 1 1 282 -

3 1 1 1 -

5 1 1 1 2 -

3 1 1 1 -

5 1 1 3 -

3 1 1 1 -

-


-

9

-

-

-

-

-

2





United Kingdom 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

56.46

72.56

57.61

56.81

57.34

77.73

116.05

128.51

120.24

50.01 53.83 .. 57.88 60.84 .. .. .. 44.37

76.77 67.89 .. 65.40 72.53 .. .. .. 46.86

56.28 55.72 .. 53.12 60.78 .. 59.04 .. 59.92

55.78 57.48 .. 106.50 60.38 .. .. .. 41.33

55.51 62.49 .. .. 64.91 .. 166.16 34.94 45.07

76.33 78.05 .. .. 80.05 .. .. .. 94.26

127.10 99.81 .. .. 113.10 .. .. .. 91.89

136.58 117.54 .. .. 127.10 .. .. .. 71.41

124.16 104.80 .. .. 131.69 207.67 .. .. 82.35

64.91 68.56 45.19 40.48 44.03 65.02 70.24 Imports from: Australia 67.76 95.59 41.59 38.24 44.56 62.29 85.03 Canada 56.77 59.29 .. .. .. 69.05 .. Czech Republic 88.97 101.88 .. .. .. .. .. Poland 91.08 84.94 51.92 39.22 38.03 65.64 71.87 United States 71.64 69.28 44.64 36.57 48.52 68.02 83.66 China 41.43 73.47 .. 55.76 58.82 80.81 98.27 Colombia 72.89 73.07 43.65 40.39 42.59 66.01 70.13 South Africa 58.27 .. 43.16 40.40 44.35 63.57 69.27 Former USSR(2) 47.68 53.72 50.58 40.32 45.22 68.03 70.78 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

69.91

84.03

72.19 2529.04 .. 65.00 62.86 150.04 70.11 69.85 70.67

91.62 .. .. 112.37 79.53 71.23 78.56 90.44 82.58

Coking Coal

(1)





United States* Chart 1: TPES by Fuel (Mtce)


4000

160

3500

140

3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40

500

20

0 1971

1977

Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989

1995

Nuclear

2001

2007e

0 1971


800

700

700

600

600

500

500

400

400

300

300

200

200

100

100

5000



2001

2007e


1977

1983

Renewables

900

0 1971

1977


0 1971





4500 6000

4000

5000

3500 3000

4000

2500 2000

3000

1500

2000

1000 1000

500 0 1971

1977 Coal

Oil

1983 Gas

1989 Hydro

1995

2001

Nuclear

2007e Other

0 1971

1976

1981

Coal


1986 Oil

1991

1996

Gas

2001 Other

2006


United States 1. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY FUEL*

1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

TPES (Mtce) 2478.97 2587.67 2751.80 Coal and Peat 444.36 537.48 654.81 Oil 1175.47 1148.03 1099.90 Gas 735.01 681.12 626.05 Comb. Renew/Waste 53.57 77.84 88.94 Nuclear 33.20 99.10 227.69 Hydro 32.60 34.25 33.56 Geothermal 3.01 6.57 20.14 Solar, Wind, Tide 0.46 Net Electricity trade(1) 1.75 3.28 0.24 Heat(2) Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries

3289.36 776.56 1272.03 782.26 104.62 296.99 31.11 18.70 2.94 4.17 -

3345.55 797.80 1360.28 724.39 108.26 301.83 33.47 12.33 4.15 3.04 -

3315.28 787.09 1338.74 716.11 113.74 303.86 35.86 12.34 5.28 2.26 -

3381.41 792.66 1329.14 774.78 117.27 311.50 30.77 15.32 6.12 3.84 -

Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 0.62 2.31 -0.39 -0.94 3.03 11.99 0.17 11.83 -10.97 -

1.17 1.16 1.24 0.84 1.55 1.82 0.42 -3.02 16.50 14.96 -



1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

4305 5128 7055 9765 10951 11265 0.58 0.50 0.39 0.34 0.31 0.29 Population (millions) 211.9 227.7 250.2 282.5 297.0 299.8 TPES/population(1) 11.70 11.36 11.00 11.65 11.27 11.06 TPES/GDP(2) 171.0 149.8 115.8 100.0 90.7 87.4 Coal and Peat Supply/GDP(2) 129.8 131.8 116.7 100.0 91.6 87.9 Elec. Consumption/GDP(2) 108.1 110.2 104.2 100.0 94.7 92.2 Elec. Generation (TWh) 1966 2427 3203 4026 4268 4274 Industrial Production(2) 48.6 54.2 66.3 100.0 103.2 107.3 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators

11511 0.29 302.6 11.18 87.2 86.6 .. 4372 109.5


Average annual percent change 73-90 90-06 2.95 -2.27 0.98 -0.36 -2.27 -0.62 -0.22 2.91 1.84

2.97 -1.75 1.14 0.03 -1.75 -1.76 -0.76 1.82 3.05



1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e

93.39 417.76 15.55 -

119.23 499.84 20.81 -

94.46 637.09 38.76 -

54.99 686.03 37.34 -

44.39 724.64 36.92 -

42.63 744.28 37.03 -

45.22 728.71 34.51 -

0.10 3.58 7.91 -

-4.85 0.98 -0.29 -


0.10 3.83 8.16 -

-4.51 1.38 -0.28 -




United States 4. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

1886.73 105.35 998.33 524.73 53.46 204.84 -

1882.83 80.24 994.04 482.02 77.69 248.85 -

1864.75 77.70 994.83 432.84 32.27 0.48 323.55 3.07

2234.65 44.78 1160.99 514.12 74.50 0.74 2.06 429.91 7.54

2282.26 48.16 1234.46 477.04 70.52 1.07 1.81 444.79 4.40

2274.08 43.61 1236.33 452.83 77.18 1.22 1.76 456.50 4.66

2245.94 41.53 1231.65 427.45 80.88 1.32 1.83 457.31 3.99

-0.07 -1.78 -0.02 -1.13 -2.93 2.73 -

1.17 -3.84 1.34 -0.08 5.91 6.53 2.19 1.64


562.57 85.93 103.18 253.29 40.82 79.34 -

553.39 68.92 127.85 216.47 48.48 91.67 -

403.65 64.06 63.22 156.98 12.94 106.46 -

472.82 41.54 36.66 196.97 51.22 0.16 140.32 5.96

423.26 43.83 48.89 170.13 43.49 0.14 113.31 3.48

406.06 40.00 50.21 152.81 45.69 0.15 113.50 3.68

400.80 39.63 50.70 148.90 45.64 0.16 112.62 3.15

-1.93 -1.71 -2.84 -2.77 -6.54 1.74 -

-0.04 -2.96 -1.37 -0.33 8.20 0.35 -


599.44 574.86 24.06

617.08 595.63 21.07

715.22 692.70 22.01

867.87 841.09 21.68

909.67 879.39 19.52

922.88 890.20 20.23

926.65 889.46 20.29

1.04 1.10 -0.52

1.63 1.57 -0.51


0.53 339.29 4.20 102.37 161.56

0.38 307.97 2.24 59.79 157.78

0.51 299.80 2.10 37.67 146.51

4.55 0.54 377.25 1.94 e 45.58 166.04

9.87 0.89 380.44 43.42 161.97

11.53 0.92 388.08 41.12 160.88

16.00 0.90 364.88 34.82 145.46

-0.22 -0.73 -3.99 -5.71 -0.57

3.68 1.24 -0.49 -0.04


71.17 212.45 4.87 69.72 85.83

88.15 203.65 2.60 45.72 86.69

113.52 227.49 3.41 30.44 87.50

14.82 0.31 2.06 146.50 275.81 1.30 e 23.79 104.53

14.02 0.50 1.81 158.73 286.96 3.51 25.28 102.56

16.75 0.57 1.76 166.99 286.26 2.99 23.85 98.36

16.07 0.66 1.83 166.04 279.82 1.87 21.32 92.78

2.78 0.40 -2.08 -4.76 0.11

2.41 1.30 -3.69 -2.20 0.37

1.77 0.27 142.55 1.58 e 218.61 193.72 24.89

3.09 0.43 151.17 0.92 e 237.17 214.30 22.87

2.94 0.49 156.65 0.98 e 228.39 207.84 20.54

2.82 0.50 159.68 0.84 e 230.48 210.46 20.02

4.10 1.74 1.00 -

2.77 -7.81 1.92 2.13 0.06


of which:

Comb. Renew/Waste Geothermal Solar, Wind, Tide Electricity 52.03 68.65 103.06 Heat 3.07 e Non-Energy Use 126.74 145.63 170.06 Coal and Peat Oil 126.74 145.63 150.23 Gas 19.84 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries



United States 5. COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1973

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

2007e


476.2 1.0 -44.3 11.4

639.9 1.5 -83.0 -21.0

770.3 3.0 -95.6 -22.9

778.4 13.8 -52.3 36.8

806.0 28.8 -41.4 4.4

823.9 34.1 -41.3 -29.6

808.4 32.8 -49.1 0.5

2.9 6.4 4.6 x

0.4 16.5 -5.1 x

Primary Supply

444.4

537.5

654.8

776.6

797.8

787.1

792.7

2.3

1.2


18.1

-11.1

10.5

6.1

-23.3

-21.4

..

x

x


-348.6 e

-442.6 e

-585.8 e

-735.9 e

-727.9 e

-721.1 e

..

3.1

1.3


-309.9 -309.9 -

-417.2 -417.2 -

-565.7 e -559.6 -6.2 e

-716.5 e -699.7 e -16.8 e

-718.7 -710.4 -8.3

-709.6 -700.6 -9.0

.. .. ..

3.6 3.5 -

1.4 1.4 2.4

-0.1

-

-2.7 e

-2.7

-2.9

..

26.3

0.3

-6.6 e -8.8 e -4.1 6.3

-8.7 e -8.6 e -3.9 3.9

.. .. .. .. ..

-4.6 -4.7 -4.4 -

-4.2 -1.7 -2.6 -


Coal Transformation



Industry sector


(7)


-38.7 e -25.8 e -12.9 -

-25.3 e -16.2 e -9.1 -

-17.3 e -11.4 e -5.9 -

-

-

-

-8.5

-3.6

-1.8

-

-

-

105.4

80.2 68.9 29.6 e 11.2 10.0 7.1

85.9 48.4 e 11.9 5.2 6.8

-16.6 e -10.9 e -5.7 e -

-

-

..

-

-

-2.9

-3.1

..

-8.8

3.5

-

-

-

..

x

x

77.7

44.8

43.6

41.5

..

-1.8

-3.8

64.1 17.0 e 12.4 e 10.9 10.2

41.5 10.2 e 9.3 e 11.1 3.6

40.0 3.1 e 7.0 10.5 6.5

39.6 4.1 e 7.0 10.6 5.7

.. .. .. .. ..

-1.7 -6.0 0.2 4.5 2.4

-3.0 -8.5 -3.5 -0.2 -3.6

-

-

-

19.4 4.9 4.2

11.3 2.6 2.2

13.6 3.4 2.1


-2.7

-

-2.0 e

3.2 1.3 e 1.9 e -

-

-

..

-

-

3.6 3.0 -

1.9 1.9 -

.. .. ..

-2.1 -2.1 -4.0

-11.6 -3.7 -

-

-

..

-

-




United States 6. USE OF COAL FOR SELECTED END-USES* (million tonnes)


1978

1980

1990

2004

2005

2006

484.73 408.08 408.08 44.63 3.66 10.08 11.51 7.54 11.83 8.54 -

546.58 478.66 478.66 44.80 2.45 12.67 11.27 8.05 10.37 5.34 -

701.66 637.00 630.72 6.27 0.18 52.17 1.70 14.26 11.97 11.28 12.98 5.99 -

866.16 835.53 820.06 15.48 - e 2.50 35.77 1.35 10.51 12.23 4.07 7.62 3.68 -

913.15 757.53 749.86 7.67 107.54 1.73 35.73 0.67 7.08 11.50 6.42 10.06 4.05 -

932.69 762.86 756.35 6.50 119.79 1.25 35.63 0.27 7.23 11.35 6.82 9.96 3.58 -

920.37 780.58 773.49 7.09 94.20 1.41 34.96 0.41 7.10 11.67 6.03 9.77 2.25 -

3.13 3.78 3.70 1.31 -6.21 2.93 0.32 3.41 0.77 -2.91 -

1.71 1.28 1.28 0.77 13.61 -2.47 -8.55 -4.27 -0.16 -3.84 -1.76 -5.94 -

68.89 64.77 -

61.46 60.47 -

35.27 35.27 -

25.96 25.96 e -

21.46 2.60 18.87 -

20.89 2.81 18.45 -

20.90 2.26 18.56 -

-5.43 -4.94 -

-3.22 -3.93 -

74.27 70.01 68.76 1.25 5.67 1.42 0.24 0.00 1.18 0.05 -

76.12 69.87 67.75 2.12 4.87 0.27 0.23 0.01 0.03 0.05 -

76.14 70.49 68.44 2.06 5.39 0.29 0.24 0.01 0.05 0.01 -

75.79 68.63 66.62 2.01 5.59 0.29 0.24 0.01 0.05 0.01 -

8.18 8.04 7.90 -4.61 -6.27 1.52 -

-0.26 -0.30 -0.39 3.85 -0.06 -8.67 0.13 7.11 -17.53 -17.52 -


30.77 42.13 79.02 28.49 37.78 72.04 28.49 37.78 70.94 1.10 5.64 2.19 2.80 1.24 0.17 0.23 0.00 2.19 2.63 1.01 0.09 0.13 0.11 Non-energy use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries



2000



United States 7. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS*

1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


29.96 62.13 43.89

36.39 124.76 67.87

38.52 97.68 71.64

31.51 125.20 134.45

33.33 139.97 165.76

35.48 142.64 183.34

40.50 205.30 253.47

44.47 228.94 213.57

46.62 246.46 218.84

36.26 48.94 52.81 .. 50.94

41.85 61.20 100.43 .. 76.71

40.00 52.01 76.81 .. 86.68

37.77 48.41 118.29 .. 132.99

40.73 55.15 137.22 .. 174.04

46.79 66.99 144.77 .. 196.04

56.31 91.26 207.40 .. 252.91

56.31 101.49 240.01 .. 234.92

64.62 103.95 271.41 .. 226.45



26.11 88.65 56.43

31.72 178.01 87.26

33.57 139.37 92.11

27.46 178.64 172.86

29.05 199.71 213.12

30.92 203.53 235.72

35.30 292.94 325.89

38.76 326.67 274.59

40.63 351.67 281.37


37.03 52.68 109.60 .. 111.44

34.97 49.04 168.79 .. 170.99

37.70 55.86 195.79 .. 223.77

43.32 67.85 206.57 .. 252.05

52.12 92.44 295.93 .. 325.17

52.12 102.79 342.47 .. 302.04

59.82 105.29 387.26 .. 291.15

For Industry



1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

1.03 0.10 .. .. 0.92

1.53 0.97 0.97 0.56

2.96 2.31 2.31 0.65

13.78 10.53 1.57 8.96 0.04 3.21

23.65 21.25 1.61 19.64 0.05 2.35

28.93 23.04 1.88 21.16 0.05 5.84

28.81 25.75 1.51 24.24 0.06 3.00

34.08 30.53 1.45 29.08 0.09 3.46

32.79 30.64 1.43 29.21 0.05 2.09

Total Exports 44.33 82.98 95.58 52.33 36.45 39.47 41.36 Hard Coal 43.06 81.19 95.06 51.33 35.77 38.26 39.77 Coking Coal .. 57.98 58.31 30.16 20.77 22.49 24.01 Steam Coal .. 23.20 36.75 21.17 15.00 15.77 15.75 Brown Coal / Lignite 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.10 0.11 Peat Coal Products(1) 1.27 1.76 0.49 0.97 0.61 1.12 1.49 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

41.28 39.82 23.04 16.78 0.09 1.37

49.10 47.71 26.97 20.75 0.16 1.23





United States 9. HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

2679

1083

2449

11271

22614

24635

27506

32691

32865

-

-

-

1547 1511 -

1556 200 1356 -

1987 182 1735 -

1603 144 1458 -

1533 72 1461 -

1515 1469 46

-

-

-

36 -

-

70 -

1

-

-

2679 933 49 645 -

1083 37 287 -

2449 22 883 5 -

9724 152 155 6

21058 100 441 1 49

22648 86 764 68 40 103

25903 66 244 70 1 39

31158 150 288 1 96

31350 60 209 1 32


699 60

1296 238 5

18 6928 651 1813 1

136 14042 1910 71 62 4196 50

132 15115 1979 31 240 56 4024 10

18 19247 2239 70 357 79 3387 85 1

39 22990 2855 56 853 3809 21

46 24370 3323 122 34 3107 46





United States 10. COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

27433

57246

57568

29780

20039

24349

26001

24946

29198

23813 956 5410 1468 560 2905 8991 505 929 68 265 688 299 409 360 -

49478 2819 5694 141 20 4082 1549 48 6 198 5546 19914 699 2390 252 305 2123 916 99 796 1881 -

47603 5532 3988 50 86 4501 636 28 6377 10019 2908 3 3606 99 234 3156 764 1906 3710 -

22696 2343 3501 288 2197 419 65 48 3297 852 1096 355 1735 42 198 1993 642 1584 2041 -

14779 1289 3263 200 1159 130 83 2501 1 850 1345 17 1479 346 991 1125 -

17660 1016 3431 212 1000 206 82 1786 2876 223 770 1648 32 88 1313 570 22 1151 1234 -

19414 239 1470 4034 260 1116 473 57 2203 1652 727 588 1548 18 1685 464 1642 1238 -

17474 30 1596 4134 301 1280 927 70 19 2975 298 132 338 1303 54 1222 426 1106 1263 -

18315 125 1424 3299 90 1584 1056 30 3077 129 316 1848 10 401 284 1337 483 1306 1516 -

3620 1342 205 218 673 1 914 24 243

7720 2864 148 749 853 642 1421 25 1018

9965 5219 357 586 50 1559 485 648 21 1040

6698 4093 116 682 22 56 443 269 184 833

5260 3006 861 18 626 215 534

6600 3076 448 739 764 121 381 257 366 448

6587 3113 280 1078 547 377 207 985

7343 3935 649 890 75 312 308 1174

10883 5812 1379 800 209 500 296 1887


48

-

386

-

89

-

129

-





United States 11. STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1990

2000

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007e

9837

25981

38344

23226

18857

19002

19094

19914

24161

9370 8782 38 36 22 160 300 27 5 -

24198 1383 10136 1356 233 2984 746 4 159 924 1014 552 1834 24 970 4 1875 -

32669 1 2178 10083 2842 1740 320 15 1322 4451 2074 719 188 3982 1 62 1386 282 21 15 987 -

21978 278 13524 70 564 467 456 65 3181 508 373 643 74 343 441 55 936 -

18360 348 15569 261 66 355 216 62 4 177 99 459 406 126 212 -

17217 555 12680 67 376 122 1139 665 80 591 317 67 558 -

16914 411 13625 66 28 133 23 236 580 341 829 143 71 67 361 -

18449 363 13907 348 360 195 569 4 384 156 593 267 250 1053 -

20273 75 483 13386 72 176 578 1009 74 135 5 72 148 2278 258 1 1523 -

95 11 1 82 1 -

1699 98 530 413 56 575 19 8

5673 79 3820 108 530 682 402 5 47

971 22 1 825 49 8 66

369 182 184 3 -

1725 883 1 224 135 358 95 29

2022 693 1 217 844 63 89 115

1455 176 3 71 927 190 10 4 74

3888 95 2 1 1069 2212 431 10 68


84

2

277

128

60

158

10

-





United States 12. COAL IMPORT VALUES BY ORIGIN* (Average Unit Value, CIF, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

..

..

..

49.50

52.73

59.82

111.68

120.55

105.88

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

43.84 51.74 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

39.47 54.68 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

51.71 61.37 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

61.90 116.62 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

65.04 123.29 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 107.23 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

29.67 36.86 36.50 37.61 33.76 40.10 47.39 Imports from: Australia 53.06 45.99 34.16 36.50 33.45 34.61 35.09 Canada 29.50 26.95 35.65 44.17 49.29 54.05 69.63 Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poland .. .. .. 37.03 .. .. .. United States .. .. .. .. .. .. .. China .. .. .. 63.03 54.09 60.26 103.19 Colombia 37.02 40.64 34.33 33.87 31.35 38.17 47.17 South Africa .. .. .. 35.67 .. 104.43 .. Former USSR(2) .. .. .. 42.00 59.59 94.40 63.72 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.

50.55

49.53

48.18 60.63 .. .. .. 109.06 51.34 33.61 57.81

34.93 59.70 .. .. .. 103.58 51.03 .. 60.80

Coking Coal

(1)





United States 13. COAL EXPORT VALUES BY DESTINATION* (Average Unit Value, FOB, US$/tonne) 1988

1990

1995

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

48.69

51.55

48.47

50.06

49.11

70.14

89.91

111.72

98.10

48.26 50.46 29.75 46.00 48.37 48.68 x 46.65 49.22 47.76 46.72 65.44 46.40 49.56 50.92 x 47.70 49.42 x x

52.98 41.81 30.83 49.30 49.93 51.40 x x 52.78 50.34 51.94 66.52 50.47 53.97 53.76 x 50.88 53.46 x x

50.67 40.31 x 47.01 49.69 52.38 x x 51.38 45.35 51.32 x 51.20 53.04 52.60 x 47.93 51.83 x x

52.19 42.46 x 48.40 54.96 37.13 56.00 x 56.41 x 55.39 93.84 x 51.54 54.86 x 49.98 49.98 x x

50.48 40.37 x 48.12 55.56 38.11 x x 54.49 56.01 52.13 96.37 x 49.47 54.72 x 47.95 50.77 x x

66.19 55.21 x 65.30 71.81 50.95 x x 66.99 98.14 72.20 99.46 35.00 49.70 54.31 56.90 73.43 61.35 x x

88.93 71.82 x 86.04 99.69 111.12 x x 86.21 100.61 93.04 109.84 x 77.98 69.27 x 111.52 92.21 x x

99.65 85.70 x 90.82 102.30 108.85 x x 104.96 89.80 95.44 x x 97.67 100.90 x 102.15 108.20 x x

98.07 84.83 x 103.00 96.39 92.86 x x 104.34 x 94.55 122.19 x 102.18 104.18 x 96.89 99.41 x x

42.06 39.99 38.94 37.70 37.00 53.93 67.09 Exports to: Belgium 36.73 41.48 38.66 33.56 34.26 46.26 58.94 Canada 42.50 33.62 33.74 38.97 38.12 46.69 60.16 Denmark 33.34 37.89 35.09 x 31.05 38.00 42.00 Finland x x 39.17 x 28.28 x x France 38.45 40.87 38.72 705.00 361.32 114.68 40.17 Germany 52.99 38.83 36.72 32.80 29.34 37.13 48.08 Greece 44.09 x 40.89 44.77 62.64 x x Ireland 45.85 43.05 39.75 31.74 31.44 x x Italy 44.17 44.93 45.97 42.91 46.67 46.90 89.78 Japan 39.94 41.76 38.61 40.41 166.40 91.47 105.21 Netherlands 41.93 43.17 40.53 36.88 33.13 43.79 76.28 Norway 47.69 58.16 x 38.00 x x x Portugal 41.97 44.04 39.99 36.55 34.47 45.22 50.33 Spain 63.83 39.25 45.59 26.52 25.90 29.02 61.22 Sweden 40.47 38.57 53.51 x 44.78 260.00 117.24 Switzerland x x x x x x x Turkey 44.09 23.41 34.12 137.15 44.93 44.97 104.55 United Kingdom 41.09 47.41 37.01 31.93 29.88 38.73 74.26 Other OECD x x x x x x x Non-OECD x x x x x x x Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high export costs.

55.66

52.61

58.36 49.06 59.11 56.58 64.19 69.89 x x 51.04 166.53 69.91 x 56.43 49.43 x x 46.09 52.59 x x

66.32 44.34 84.60 99.11 91.66 63.28 x 73.21 76.87 198.41 69.83 x 59.75 45.82 x x 44.99 51.74 x x

Coking Coal

(1)

Exports to: Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Other OECD Non-OECD Steam Coal(1)

(1) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. * Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions.


COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART IV - IV.1

PART IV NON-OECD COAL DATA



GENERAL NOTES In Part IV, the statistical tables on world hard coal supply and end-use and on coal production, consumption and trade for the major non-OECD countries supplement the information presented in Parts I and II of this book1.

World Hard Coal Supply and End-Use Statistics This section provides historical data for world hard coal supply and end-use for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and from 2004 to 2006. These data summarise information published in the IEA/OECD publications Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2008 Edition, Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 2008 Edition and Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, 2008 Edition. In cases where it is available, estimated coal trade statistics are shown for 2007.

Coal Balances These tables show all coal use for selected non-OECD countries in a format whereby coal production, imports, exports and stock changes “balance” transformation uses and final consumption. The transformation of coal into secondary products is clearly accounted for. Data for 2007 are preliminary and revised in the IEA quarterly publication Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity Quarterly Statistics. Calorific values used to convert primary coal data for OECD countries to million tons of coal equivalent (Mtce)

are reported on page xxxv. Calorific values of coal in non-OECD countries are published annually in Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries.

Coal Trade Trade tables show steam and coking coal imports and exports by origin and destination for major nonOECD coal importers and exporters. In order to provide a breakdown of trade between steam coal and coking coal, the data have been gathered from a variety of sources, including from official submissions by OECD Member countries to the IEA Secretariat and UNECE Member countries to the UNECE Secretariat (in Geneva), published national sources for each country and from commercial publications. Data reported by exporting countries have been used where no importing country detail is available. Similarly, importing country data have been used in cases where exporting countries do not provide a breakdown of their exports by coal type. Due to classification anomalies and differences in reporting methods and time periods covered, the detailed data in the trade tables may not agree with coal trade data presented elsewhere in Coal Information.

1. Data for Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine are available only after 1990. Data for all former USSR republics as well as data for the total Former USSR before 1990 are available on CD.



WORLD HARD COAL SUPPLY AND END-USE 1980 (million tonnes) End-Use Sectors Steel Power and Industry Heat Plants Households

Production

Imports

Exports

1335.9 72.4 8.0 20.2 27.7 20.2 94.5 0.9 0.1 18.0 18.6 3.1 1.9 193.1 0.2 12.8 0.0 3.6 130.1 710.2 0.3

217.8 2.9 10.1 15.6 2.3 10.0 4.7 29.4 16.2 0.5 0.8 1.2 17.2 68.6 5.0 0.8 7.2 1.0 0.4 5.7 2.2 0.9 7.3 1.1 6.7

198.0 43.2 0.5 15.3 5.8 0.0 0.4 12.7 0.0 0.1 1.5 0.1 31.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 83.2 0.1

301.0 7.4 2.4 8.0 7.4 13.5 0.1 15.7 38.9 0.4 1.4 11.3 66.0 4.7 4.0 3.7 0.2 25.4 0.3 5.9 1.7 2.6 13.7 62.9 3.6

820.8 23.9 0.0 5.5 12.7 9.3 4.8 24.5 45.1 0.0 5.0 9.6 1.9 2.4 0.3 92.6 0.2 9.5 0.1 0.8 92.0 478.7 2.1

41.1 0.0 0.3 1.3 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.1 2.7 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 19.7 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 8.9 2.5 0.0

Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe

561.7 553.0 0.4 8.3

21.5 7.3 3.4 10.8

29.4 29.4 -

142.1 131.5 3.3 7.2

161.0 154.9 0.3 5.8

0.0 0.0 -

Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia

775.8 620.2 111.0 0.3 34.1 2.6 7.6

8.6 2.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.5 4.6 0.9

7.3 6.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6

150.6 127.3 17.4 4.3 1.5 0.1

179.7 126.5 44.0 5.3 2.4 1.5

120.8 115.7 4.4 0.6

Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East

120.8 115.1 2.8 2.9

2.2 0.8 0.0 0.1 1.3

28.6 28.2 0.2 0.2

17.4 0.9 13.8 1.0 1.8

53.5 52.3 0.4 0.8

2.4 2.3 0.0 0.0

7.5 1.7 4.2 1.6

6.4 4.5 1.8

0.1 0.1 -

7.8 5.7 0.7 1.4

1.9 0.1 0.7 1.1

0.2 0.2 -

Total World 2801.7 256.5 263.3 618.8 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

1216.9

164.5

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America

(1) Fiscal year. See Principles and Definitions. (2) Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and Heat Stations column includes hard coal Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IV.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2008 Edition) PART IV


Production

Imports

Exports

1381.1 117.5 7.7 34.3 26.4 17.1 88.8 0.6 0.1 16.4 22.5 5.2 0.1 2.3 191.6 0.2 16.1 0.0 3.6 94.1 735.9 0.5

270.3 3.6 9.3 14.6 1.4 12.5 5.1 18.8 15.5 2.0 0.5 1.9 22.2 93.4 17.1 0.6 11.6 1.1 1.4 8.4 4.9 2.7 12.7 1.8 7.1

253.2 83.8 1.3 27.4 5.4 0.1 0.0 1.0 9.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.4 36.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 2.4 84.0 0.2

259.8 5.8 2.4 7.8 6.4 12.6 0.1 12.0 31.7 0.9 0.0 10.5 69.3 7.3 3.8 4.1 0.1 20.5 0.4 5.2 1.6 3.7 10.3 39.4 4.0

941.9 30.0 0.1 5.1 13.3 11.3 4.1 16.1 49.7 0.3 0.1 8.9 23.8 6.9 1.5 4.9 0.5 95.8 0.4 16.6 1.8 0.6 75.7 572.2 2.1

41.2 0.0 0.4 1.4 0.1 2.1 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 20.4 0.0 0.6 0.5 8.6 2.6 0.0

578.3 569.0 0.4 8.9

30.7 11.4 4.7 14.6

31.2 31.2 -

138.1 124.0 4.7 9.4

167.2 160.6 0.3 6.2

-

1041.2 837.3 150.5 1.9 40.0 1.9 9.8

25.6 2.3 5.5 2.0 2.5 10.1 3.2

10.0 7.8 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.6

134.7 107.5 18.9 5.0 2.6 0.7

273.4 179.0 5.2 74.7 6.0 5.2 3.3

161.4 156.2 4.6 0.5

180.1 173.5 3.1 3.5

6.8 1.2 3.1 0.0 2.5

47.8 47.6 0.1 0.1

17.6 1.2 13.0 0.8 2.6

68.9 2.9 64.0 0.9 1.1

1.9 1.9 0.1 0.0

12.3 1.7 8.8 1.9

9.7 8.0 1.6

3.2 3.2 -

11.8 9.5 0.8 1.5

2.4 0.1 1.1 1.2

0.2 0.2 0.0


1453.8

204.7

Total OECD Australia(1) Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan(1) Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Non-OECD Europe Former USSR Former Yugoslavia Other Non-OECD Europe Asia PR of China Hong Kong, China India Indonesia DPR of Korea Taipei, Chinese Other Asia Africa and Middle East Egypt Israel South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa / Middle East Latin America Brazil Colombia Other Latin America




Production

Imports

Exports

1447.6 158.6 2.4 37.7 14.4 11.2 76.6 0.2 0.0 0.1 8.0 17.2 6.9 2.4 147.7 0.3 14.6 0.0 2.7 92.8 853.6 0.3

305.0 3.6 14.8 14.2 10.3 6.1 19.4 13.6 1.4 0.6 3.1 20.4 106.9 23.7 0.2 17.4 0.0 0.6 4.7 10.5 3.5 5.6 14.8 2.4 7.3

275.2 103.4 0.7 31.0 4.5 0.1 0.6 5.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 0.3 28.1 0.0 0.0 2.3 95.9 0.3

242.8 6.3 2.3 7.3 5.0 9.9 0.8 11.1 24.1 1.0 0.0 8.8 66.8 11.9 2.9 3.9 18.3 0.3 4.8 1.6 4.7 10.2 37.0 3.9

1023.5 38.2 1.4 6.6 12.2 9.4 3.9 11.0 51.9 2.0 10.8 31.1 7.7 4.0 8.7 0.3 77.6 3.3 18.9 1.2 0.5 84.0 637.0 2.0

23.5 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 10.9 0.0 0.5 1.4 4.2 2.3 0.1

517.2 512.3 0.3 4.6

119.0 106.5 1.0 11.5

139.9 139.9 -

117.4 109.9 0.8 6.7

246.1 238.5 0.3 7.3

22.4 22.2 0.2

1314.4 1050.7 211.2 6.8 35.7 0.5 9.5

43.5 2.0 8.9 6.0 2.6 18.5 5.4

23.6 17.3 0.1 4.9 0.5 0.8

169.4 134.0 24.9 5.1 4.2 1.1

449.5 302.0 9.9 119.5 5.6 8.7 3.8

172.8 167.0 5.4 0.4

183.3 174.8 5.3 3.1

8.1 1.3 4.0 0.1 2.7

50.1 49.9 0.1 0.1

16.4 1.3 12.3 0.9 2.0

82.8 0.0 3.7 74.3 2.7 2.1

2.4 2.3 0.1 0.0

26.8 0.6 21.4 4.7

13.3 10.1 3.2

15.4 13.5 1.9

13.0 10.3 0.8 1.9

4.3 0.0 1.5 2.7

0.2 0.2 0.0


1806.1

221.3





Production

Imports

Exports

1397.9 191.1 0.0 0.6 38.6 10.8 8.5 58.9 0.0 6.3 5.7 9.3 3.2 137.2 13.5 2.2 53.0 858.6 0.3

349.3 3.0 14.1 9.7 0.9 13.0 5.8 13.2 15.1 1.4 1.4 2.9 18.5 127.4 45.8 0.8 17.2 1.5 6.0 13.4 3.5 5.9 15.9 6.5 6.4

296.4 136.7 0.0 0.8 34.0 5.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.9 0.0 0.0 2.9 1.3 31.9 0.0 0.9 80.3 0.2

210.1 6.1 1.9 4.9 4.2 6.6 1.7 9.4 13.8 1.4 7.0 62.9 14.1 2.7 4.0 16.6 0.5 3.3 1.7 4.2 8.1 31.3 3.5

1098.0 40.6 1.1 6.2 9.6 10.4 4.1 8.8 55.1 0.1 2.3 8.2 47.6 16.7 7.6 9.3 0.3 55.8 4.6 23.3 0.9 1.2 59.6 723.0 1.6

23.7 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 13.9 0.4 1.3 2.8 2.8 0.0

318.2 317.5 0.1 0.6

51.4 42.9 0.2 8.3

49.6 49.6 0.0 -

84.4 77.9 0.0 6.4

183.4 181.1 0.1 2.2

15.4 15.4 -

1685.5 1343.0 268.3 35.5 23.7 0.2 14.8

62.1 1.6 9.1 12.5 0.6 1.0 28.7 8.5

63.9 28.6 0.7 31.3 0.4 2.9

270.9 232.9 31.2 1.0 4.7 1.1

728.1 502.3 9.7 190.5 4.0 16.5 5.1

141.0 134.8 5.4 0.8

214.2 206.2 4.7 3.3

12.4 1.5 7.1 0.4 3.5

59.9 59.7 0.2 0.0

12.2 1.7 7.7 0.7 2.0

99.2 6.6 86.4 2.8 3.3

2.6 2.6 0.0 0.0

31.3 0.2 25.7 5.5

15.7 11.8 3.9

22.6 18.3 4.3

14.0 11.4 1.1 1.5

4.7 0.0 1.8 2.9

0.2 0.2 0.0


2113.3

182.9





Production

Imports

Exports

1387.9 239.4 0.4 33.8 8.1 3.8 37.4 3.0 4.2 11.3 3.6 103.3 11.3 2.4 31.2 894.0 0.6

441.8 3.4 11.3 18.8 0.2 6.4 5.1 19.0 27.9 1.2 1.2 2.7 19.0 150.3 63.7 2.4 22.3 1.5 6.4 21.6 3.1 13.0 23.4 11.3 6.3

312.6 187.0 1.4 32.1 3.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.1 1.5 23.2 0.0 0.7 53.0 0.6

192.2 4.9 1.9 4.3 4.2 4.6 1.3 7.0 11.6 1.3 6.7 60.0 16.4 2.7 3.0 13.2 0.5 3.8 1.8 4.3 8.2 27.3 3.2

1247.0 51.1 1.4 4.4 15.8 6.2 3.5 10.2 51.8 0.0 2.3 9.5 64.9 36.2 9.6 8.6 0.5 51.7 5.2 28.1 0.5 1.9 46.9 835.5 1.4

14.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.5 0.1 0.8 1.9 2.2 0.0

289.7 289.2 0.1 0.4

41.5 34.6 0.9 6.0

64.5 64.5 0.0 -

83.8 80.1 0.1 3.6

144.0 141.3 0.6 2.1

16.5 16.4 0.0

1645.3 1231.2 311.4 62.8 22.5 0.1 17.2

90.9 2.2 6.1 20.9 0.1 0.1 45.4 16.1

117.8 55.1 1.3 57.4 0.4 3.7

229.6 195.5 26.3 0.1 6.7 1.0

927.0 613.0 6.9 259.5 3.8 32.2 11.7

78.3 71.7 5.6 1.0

231.7 0.1 224.2 4.3 3.2

18.8 1.8 9.9 1.1 0.0 5.9

70.1 0.1 69.9 0.0 0.1

12.1 1.9 6.8 1.0 2.3

114.8 10.2 98.1 2.0 4.4

1.6 1.5 0.0 0.0

46.9 0.2 38.2 8.5

19.9 13.2 6.6

43.3 35.4 7.9

15.1 12.1 1.2 1.8

5.8 0.1 1.6 4.1

0.1 0.1 -


2438.7

110.5





Production

Imports

Exports

1454.2 285.9 0.2 29.3 7.3 0.9 29.2 0.1 3.2 9.9 4.9 101.2 8.9 1.9 25.1 943.3 2.9

538.3 4.4 9.8 12.8 0.5 7.6 8.3 19.5 39.5 0.8 1.3 2.9 24.7 180.8 79.0 4.1 22.6 0.9 2.3 5.2 24.5 3.2 16.4 36.2 24.6 6.4

326.9 218.4 0.0 1.3 25.7 3.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.3 1.9 19.7 0.0 0.6 43.4 2.7

182.9 5.2 1.9 3.7 4.4 4.6 1.3 6.3 11.3 0.8 5.6 62.5 17.1 1.8 3.2 14.2 4.1 1.9 4.4 5.6 19.5 3.4

1224.4 55.1 2.1 3.0 12.8 7.0 6.5 9.1 52.4 0.2 2.2 16.7 84.0 50.3 11.5 8.9 1.9 51.9 5.3 28.2 0.6 4.5 50.9 757.5 1.6

10.8 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.2 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.0

332.2 332.1 0.1 0.0

43.4 33.9 1.7 7.8

96.8 96.8 0.0 0.0

94.9 90.9 0.3 3.7

150.7 147.4 0.9 2.4

11.0 10.8 0.2

2513.8 1956.0 380.1 119.2 24.4 34.2

148.1 18.6 10.7 28.5 0.1 0.2 60.6 29.5

206.5 86.6 1.3 105.5 1.6 11.5

358.7 308.4 41.4 0.2 7.4 1.3

1428.2 1035.1 10.7 316.2 3.8 43.0 19.4

79.6 72.0 5.6 2.0

249.4 0.0 242.8 3.4 3.2

24.4 1.9 12.8 1.7 0.0 8.0

68.2 0.0 67.9 0.0 0.2

11.4 1.9 6.6 0.8 2.3

132.4 12.8 111.3 2.2 6.1

4.4 4.4 0.0 0.0

61.5 0.3 54.2 7.0

22.1 14.1 0.0 8.0

57.7 50.9 6.7

16.3 13.3 0.9 2.1

6.8 0.1 1.7 5.0

0.1 0.1 -


2942.5

106.0





Production

Imports

Exports

1478.5 300.2 0.1 30.7 7.1 0.6 28.0 0.1 2.8 10.8 5.0 97.9 8.5 2.2 20.5 962.4 1.5

537.5 4.3 8.8 12.8 0.5 6.0 4.7 19.9 37.1 0.6 1.4 2.9 24.2 177.0 76.8 7.3 20.4 1.1 3.4 5.3 24.8 3.2 17.4 44.0 27.5 6.3

340.9 231.3 0.0 1.2 28.1 3.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 2.3 19.4 0.0 0.5 45.1 1.7

179.6 5.5 1.9 3.5 4.3 4.3 1.3 6.4 11.6 0.8 5.9 62.9 16.6 2.0 3.2 11.6 3.8 2.0 4.3 5.6 18.7 3.3

1242.3 62.6 1.9 3.0 13.2 5.9 2.9 10.3 47.4 0.2 2.3 16.0 91.4 52.7 14.9 8.3 2.4 50.9 5.4 27.9 0.4 5.2 52.5 762.9 1.6

11.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.0 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.0

352.2 352.1 0.1 0.0

40.8 31.9 1.7 7.3

113.3 113.3 -

90.3 85.9 0.6 3.8

151.5 148.0 0.9 2.6

5.4 5.2 0.0 0.2

2778.0 2158.9 404.5 145.4 26.9 42.4

169.3 26.2 10.8 38.6 0.1 0.2 60.4 33.1

224.6 71.7 2.0 129.2 2.8 19.0

432.4 382.5 42.0 0.2 7.1 0.6

1581.2 1166.4 10.8 331.3 4.0 45.7 23.0

84.6 77.5 5.5 1.5

252.0 0.0 245.0 3.6 3.4

24.6 1.8 12.7 1.9 0.1 8.2

71.6 0.1 71.4 0.1

12.5 1.8 7.6 0.8 2.3

130.6 12.7 109.2 2.3 6.4

4.9 4.9 0.0 0.0

67.4 0.5 59.1 7.8

21.9 13.7 0.0 8.2

60.8 53.6 7.2

16.0 12.9 1.0 2.1

6.6 0.1 1.7 4.9

0.1 0.1 -


3112.3

106.2





Production

Imports

Exports

1499.7 299.7 0.0 29.9 7.7 0.5 23.8 0.0 2.8 11.5 5.5 95.2 8.4 2.3 18.5 991.5 2.4

569.1 4.1 8.1 11.3 1.0 8.7 6.7 20.4 42.1 0.4 1.8 2.6 24.6 179.1 79.7 7.6 22.8 1.2 5.3 5.8 23.7 3.1 20.3 50.5 32.7 5.6

341.6 231.3 1.1 27.4 4.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.9 2.7 16.7 0.0 0.0 0.4 44.9 2.3

184.0 4.8 1.9 3.7 4.3 4.3 1.2 6.5 12.0 1.3 6.4 63.2 16.7 1.9 3.1 13.3 3.8 2.3 4.8 6.1 19.0 3.3

1270.4 64.0 2.0 2.6 10.9 8.9 6.3 8.6 50.0 0.2 2.0 15.9 89.5 55.1 14.7 8.2 2.3 53.1 5.4 24.5 0.6 5.5 57.8 780.6 1.6

12.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.0 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.0

363.6 363.6 0.0

46.2 37.6 1.9 6.8

123.0 123.0 0.0 -

88.6 84.2 0.7 3.7

171.6 168.1 0.8 2.7

7.5 7.3 0.0 0.2

3015.5 2320.2 428.2 193.4 27.2 46.5

195.0 38.1 11.4 43.1 0.1 0.2 62.3 39.8

262.3 63.2 1.6 171.6 2.5 23.5

493.1 439.7 45.6 0.2 7.3 0.3

1776.4 1333.3 11.4 355.0 4.1 47.5 25.2

82.1 74.8 5.6 1.7

251.9 0.0 244.8 3.4 3.7

24.5 1.8 12.7 1.6 0.0 8.3

69.5 0.1 69.3 0.1

11.4 1.7 6.5 0.8 2.4

137.4 12.7 116.0 2.2 6.5

5.0 4.9 0.0 0.0

74.1 0.2 65.6 8.3

21.5 13.4 8.1

69.4 62.0 7.4

15.5 12.5 0.9 2.1

7.2 0.1 1.7 5.5

0.1 0.1 -


3363.0

106.7




Brazil COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


3.6 5.3 -0.4

5.1 8.6 0.7

2.8 11.3 -0.2

2.9 13.9 0.0

3.7 14.7 0.1

3.6 15.1 -0.0 -0.1

3.3 14.5 -0.0 0.4

-2.5 7.9 x

1.1 1.6 x

Primary Supply

8.5

14.4

13.8

16.9

18.5

18.5

18.3

5.0

1.8


0.2

0.2

0.1

-0.0

0.1

-0.1

-0.0

x

x


-4.2

-6.4

-7.0

-8.3

-9.9

-8.3

-8.7

5.2

1.4


-1.3 -1.0 -0.3

-2.0 -1.5 -0.5

-2.1 -1.4 -0.7

-2.5 -1.9 -0.6

-4.6 -3.3 -1.3

-4.1 -2.7 -1.5

-4.4 -3.0 -1.4

5.3 3.6 10.1

4.7 4.7 4.7

-

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-2.9 -2.1 -0.8 -

-4.4 -3.3 -1.2 -

-4.8 -3.3 -1.5 -

-5.8 -4.5 -1.4 -

-5.3 -4.3 -0.9 -

-4.2 -3.5 -0.7 -

-4.3 -3.7 -0.7 -

5.1 4.6 6.4 -

-0.7 0.6 -5.0 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.4

-0.8

-0.8

-0.9

-0.8

-0.8

-0.8

6.2

0.2

-0.9

-1.5

-0.9

-1.0

-0.5

-0.5

-0.4

x

x

3.1

5.9

5.3

6.7

7.5

8.8

8.3

5.3

2.9


3.0 2.4 0.0 0.4 0.1

5.6 3.5 0.2 1.4 0.2

5.1 3.5 0.1 0.9 0.2

6.6 5.1 0.2 0.6 0.1

7.3 5.9 0.1 0.3 0.1

8.6 7.0 0.1 0.2 0.1

8.1 6.5 0.1 0.2 0.1

5.6 4.1 47.6 7.2 8.3

2.9 3.9 -2.1 -8.5 -3.8

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

0.0

-12.3

6.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Non-energy Use 0.1 0.2 0.1 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

-0.8

2.0



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)


(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating. (2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal to secondary and tertiary products (mainly coke, briquettes, coke oven (2) gas and blast furnace gas). (3) Other transformation includes liquefaction and non-specified transformation. (4) Final Consumption includes Non-Energy use and Energy use (industry, transport and other sectors). (5) Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions. (6) Transport sector includes rail and inland waterways. (7) Other sectors includes Commercial and Public Services, Agriculture, and Residential. * "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, * peat) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, BKB/peat briquettes, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works * gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas). Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the * respective countries. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for further information.



Brazil HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

3547

4515

8049

10146

11790

14833

13699

13398

14800


3503 164 600 15 2724 -

4405 626 275 2876 -

7958 958 899 861 5240 -

9801 1291 1108 1249 5219 -

11438 3448 625 790 5498 -

10695 5247 1382 4066 -

9396 3501 1944 3523 128

9126 2815 1405 62 3500 248

10330 3571 1234 4888 135

-

328 300 -

-

254 670 10

85 932 39 21

-

300 -

151 221 65 551 108

125 133 244 -

44 11 -

110 12 98 -

91 13 78 -

345 158 98 5 5 79 -

352 140 37 13 -

4138 18 2 -

4303 32 660 644

4272 136 437 -

4470 1359 45 214 169

Venezuela 33 Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

62 100 -

585 149 468 1919 997 -

366 426 211 249 514 226 450 429 96

666 961 479 1236 357 -

139 476 145 752 73 755 343 -


(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) If no detail. (3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries. * In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as Steam Coal. Accordingly, trade data * reported in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as Coking Coal to be consistent with * data reported by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.



Bulgaria COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


7.4 6.1 -0.1

7.5 7.4 -

7.7 5.5 -0.1 0.1

7.6 3.5 -0.0 -0.2

6.2 3.5 -0.2 -0.2

6.0 3.7 -0.0 0.3

6.2 3.6 -0.0 0.3

0.4 -1.0 x

-1.3 -2.7 -17.3 x

Primary Supply

13.4

15.0

13.2

10.9

9.2

9.9

10.1

-0.2

-1.7


0.3

0.4

0.2

0.1

0.0

0.2

0.2

x

x


-8.6

-8.8

-10.9

-9.3

-7.9

-8.7

-9.0

2.4

-1.2


-7.7 -7.4 -0.2

-7.8 -7.6 -0.3

-10.2 -9.4 -0.7

-8.2 -7.3 -0.9

-7.1 -6.8 -0.2

-8.1 -7.9 -0.2

-8.3 -8.1 -0.2

2.9 2.5 11.6

-1.2 -0.9 -7.5


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(2)

-0.9 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -

-1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -

-0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -

-1.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -

-0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -

-0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -

-0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -

-2.3 1.1 -21.1 7.1 -

-0.7 -2.3 14.6 -10.5 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-0.2

-0.2

-0.4

-0.2

-0.2

-

1.7

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

x

x

5.1

6.5

2.3

1.6

1.0

1.1

1.1

-7.6

-4.5

3.6 0.5 -

5.2 0.7 -

1.2 0.8 0.2 0.1 -

0.9 0.6 0.1 0.1 -

0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 -

0.7 0.3 0.1 0.2 -

0.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 -

-10.2 3.6 -

-3.3 -5.4 -2.0 2.4 -

-

-

-

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

1.5 1.2

1.3 1.1

1.1 0.0 1.0

0.7 0.0 0.7

0.3 0.3

0.4 0.0 0.3

0.4 0.0 0.4

-3.1 -2.2

-6.3 -5.2 -6.1

Non-energy Use Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

-

-

-

-

-

Coal Transformation




Industry sector


(7)





Bulgaria HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

6201

6732

8054

5790

3453

1184

1744

3902

4268


1921 -

1926 -

1553 29 -

1100 44 -

1734 177 542 5

536 140 298 -

10 1 8 -

948 156 87 532 -

667 35 544 -

1921 -

1926 -

-

156 900 -

100 110 800 -

98 -

1 -

135 38 -

34 32 22

4280 -

4806 -

6501 -

4690 -

1719 5 4

648 -

1734 66 100 38 -

2954 35 -

3601 88

4280 Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

4806 -

-

4690 -

60 1010 640 -

285 363 -

858 623 49

34 1333 1446 106 -

70 890 2099 319 135





People's Republic of China COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


443.9 1.5 -6.0 7.1

584.4 1.7 -7.4 -18.9

748.4 1.5 -17.3 22.5

965.5 1.2 -35.0 -2.7

927.7 2.1 -65.1 29.1

1636.2 21.3 -79.0 -24.8

1763.5 29.4 -72.9 4.3

5.4 -0.0 11.1 x

5.5 20.5 9.4 x

Primary Supply

446.5

559.8

755.1

929.0

893.8

1553.7

1724.3

5.4

5.3


-15.6

-15.7

-36.8

43.0

9.9

10.1

19.6

x

x


-115.5

-146.8

-247.4

-415.3

-491.2

-964.0

-1115.2

7.9

9.9

-88.7 -88.2 -0.5

-122.4 -121.8 -0.6

-209.8 -208.6 -1.2

-350.4 -347.9 -2.5

-450.1 -445.7 -4.4

-855.3 -845.7 -9.5

-978.8 -966.7 -12.2

9.0 9.0 9.5

10.1 10.1 15.4

-1.1

-0.7

-3.2

-5.5

-5.9

-9.5

-9.5

11.2

7.0

-25.7 -17.0 -8.7 -

-23.8 -17.6 -6.2 -

-34.3 -26.6 -7.7 -

-59.4 -49.6 -9.8 -0.1

-35.2 -32.6 -2.4 -0.1

-99.3 -81.6 -14.6 -3.1

-126.8 -100.9 -23.1 -2.9

2.9 4.6 -1.2 -

8.5 8.7 7.1 -



Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-4.5

-8.3

-21.3

-39.7

-44.9

-66.6

-66.6

16.8

7.4

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-

-

x

x

310.9

388.9

449.6

517.0

367.5

533.3

562.0

3.8

1.4

194.6 53.8 42.1 32.5 5.5

223.8 36.1 31.1 59.4 8.5

253.0 43.4 31.7 70.4 10.0

350.8 74.2 61.3 95.5 14.0

260.4 73.1 40.9 74.3 8.9

399.7 146.9 40.1 121.8 12.2

428.8 168.6 43.7 122.9 12.2

2.7 -2.1 -2.8 8.0 6.2

3.4 8.9 2.0 3.5 1.2

13.6

15.8

14.1

9.1

7.8

5.8

5.2

0.4

-6.1

102.7 3.2 80.7

137.6 4.9 106.7

155.1 8.6 116.9

137.5 7.9 100.5

86.8 7.2 60.3

96.3 7.4 65.9

94.3 7.5 63.6

4.2 10.3 3.8

-3.1 -0.8 -3.7

Non-energy Use 11.7 27.4 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

19.7

12.4

31.6

33.8

-

1.3



Industry sector


(7)





People's Republic of China HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

2440

1990

2307

2003

1635

2119

26173

38103

47624

-

-

200 200 -

900 600 300 -

354 248 106

547 547 -

7195 4422 1239 179

4661 1762 90 70

6215 2285 221 366

-

-

-

-

-

-

61 1294

1387 20 4 1328

419 60 14 2850

2440 -

1990 -

2107 -

1103 -

1281 1064 -

1572 1034 -

18978 2307 12 796

33442 4893 -

41409 2234 456

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other 2440 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

1990

2107

1103

171 46 -

141 325 72 -

2260 791 11469 1343

3216 1056 1 22146 2130

10277 208 11 24610 3613





People's Republic of China COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

300

1400

2500

4000

4555

6470

5260

4344

3006

300 300 -

979 979 -

1211 1211 -

1302 1301 1 -

3312 63 63 2201 985 -

5989 3631 2358 -

4984 3279 1627 78 -

4126 2256 1641 35 155 39

2656 1456 1200 -

-

421 300 121 -

1289 400 889 -

2698 100 400 2198 -

1243 57 48 125 2 1011 -

481 21 360 100 -

276 266 10 -

218 184 34 -

350 74 56 220 -

Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2) Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available. (2) Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


People's Republic of China STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Total Exports Exports to: Total OECD Austria Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom United States Other OECD(2)

2820

4920

5270

13280

24062

48578

66413

58869

50677

534 21 513 -

1703 83 209 53 1086 200 72 -

2663 112 29 46 9 2427 1 34 5

6879 292 57 100 1776 8 310 3258 838 152 4 8 69 7

17482 406 956 57 455 7717 7362 449 80 -

33172 109 114 452 228 383 12585 18760 2 146 36 199 43 107 8 -

37205 297 70 8 79 15947 18481 8 148 24 184 1736 163 60 -

36157 208 16313 17283 197 2062 38 56 -

35455 170 187 14159 18579 49 10 2280 21 -

Total Non-OECD Brazil Bulgaria Chile China, People's Rep. Chinese Taipei Hong Kong, China India Israel Morocco Romania Russia Ukraine Other Africa Other Asia Other Eastern Europe Other FSU Other Latin America Other Middle East

2286 2286 -

3217 2517 700 -

2607 700 1907 -

6401 1708 4693 -

6580 29 3988 1469 264 13 103 714 -

15406 585 9076 1963 1562 36 2182 2 -

29164 293 20992 993 3492 2 138 3 3186 65 -

22702 129 14646 944 5141 1 15 8 1810 8

15222 208 12691 673 482 23 1142 3


-

-

-

-

-

44

10

-



Chinese Taipei COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


2.3 4.5 -0.0 -1.2

1.6 9.5 -0.0 -0.9

0.4 17.3 -1.7

0.2 26.9 -2.5

0.1 42.6 -0.6

56.5 -1.1

58.6 -0.0 -0.6

-15.6 14.5 x

7.9 x

Primary Supply

5.6

10.2

16.0

24.6

42.0

55.4

58.0

11.2

8.4


0.0

-0.0

-0.2

-0.4

-0.7

-1.2

-1.2

x

x


-2.4

-6.0

-10.1

-17.1

-32.5

-44.6

-46.3

15.5

10.0


-2.2 -2.2 -

-5.0 -4.8 -0.3

-8.4 -7.3 -1.1

-15.5 -12.6 -2.9

-29.9 -23.0 -6.9

-42.3 -31.2 -11.1

-43.9 -32.6 -11.2

14.3 12.6 -

10.9 9.8 15.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.2 -0.2 -

-1.0 -0.9 -0.1 -

-1.7 -1.5 -0.2 -

-1.6 -1.5 -0.0 -

-2.6 -2.3 -0.3 -

-2.2 -2.1 -0.1 -

-2.5 -2.1 -0.3 -

25.4 2.7 -

2.3 2.3 2.1 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-22.0

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

x

x

3.1

4.1

5.7

7.0

8.7

9.7

10.5

6.2

3.8


3.0 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.1

4.0 1.2 0.4 2.2 0.1

5.7 1.9 0.9 2.5 0.3

7.0 2.3 1.4 2.9 0.4

8.7 3.4 2.7 2.2 0.3

9.6 3.8 3.0 2.3 0.4

10.4 4.1 3.6 2.3 0.4

6.7 4.4 15.4 7.4 11.3

3.8 4.9 9.0 -0.7 1.7

Transport sector(6)

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.1 0.0

0.1 0.0 0.0

0.0 -

-

0.0 -

-

-

-23.3 -

-

Non-energy Use 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

-

0.1

0.2

0.1

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Chinese Taipei HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

1386

4637

10092

18468

28681

45503

60370

62279

68921


1386 918 263 205 -

1513 900 250 163 -

2562 1837 475 250 -

4237 2749 1050 438 -

4580 3451 693 336 -

6093 3524 1232 -

5211 4778 136 47 -

5049 3991 438 -

7585 6302 -

-

200 -

-

-

100 -

1337 -

3 112 17 118

554 66 -

1283 -

-

3124 1512 -

7530 3400 2800 -

14231 3800 3677 -

24101 6321 2442 -

39410 12474 514 1290

55159 15342 261 21

57230 18346 427 158

61336 21019 1126 141

Venezuela Vietnam Non-Specified/Other Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

1612 -

100 1230 -

529 625 5600 -

3893 6203 5073 106 63 -

8371 13740 2873 78 70

18942 18430 329 1226 133 475

12677 24174 67 1298 50 33

13271 23721 566 1330 48 114





Colombia COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


3.9 -0.1 0.1

8.1 -3.0 -0.9

19.8 -12.6 -2.8

23.8 -17.1 -1.6

35.5 -33.0 1.3

54.8 0.0 -49.8 -1.2

60.9 -57.6 0.2

17.8 57.9 x

7.3 9.9 x

Primary Supply

3.8

4.3

4.4

5.1

3.8

3.9

3.5

1.5

-1.4


-0.3

-0.2

0.3

0.1

1.6

0.8

0.7

x

x


-1.5

-2.0

-2.3

-2.4

-2.0

-2.1

-2.0

4.6

-0.9


-0.7 -0.4 -0.3

-1.1 -0.8 -0.3

-1.5 -1.0 -0.5

-1.7 -1.2 -0.5

-1.6 -1.0 -0.6

-1.6 -1.0 -0.6

-1.6 -1.0 -0.6

8.2 9.5 6.2

0.4 0.0 1.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -

-0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -

-0.8 -0.6 -0.2 -

-0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -

-0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -

-0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -

-0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -

0.5 1.1 -0.8 -

-4.2 -3.8 -5.4 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.1

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

0.7

-1.3

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

x

x

1.9

2.0

2.3

2.7

3.2

2.5

2.1

1.7

-0.7


1.7 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.2

1.8 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.3

2.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.3

2.5 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.4

3.1 0.6 0.2 1.2 0.5

2.4 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.4

2.0 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.3

2.2 -1.3 -1.9 2.9 2.8

-0.4 8.4 1.3 -3.0 0.9

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-11.8

-

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

-2.6 -2.6

-4.1 -4.1


-

-

-

-

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Colombia COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


100

90

93

128

1062

159

-

-

-

-

-

50 1 49 -

82 76 6 -

657 420 30 1 158 10 38 -

8 8 -

-

-

-


100 100 -

90 90 -

43 43 -

46 46 -

405 405 -

151 151 -

-

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-



Colombia STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


50

5

3073

13377

17212

33565

53609

61967

67154

-

-

1487 51 332 347 2 19 180 150 134 183 89 -

12075 170 2077 334 2033 351 290 35 1634 390 404 108 2136 1305 808

14306 269 213 1116 203 1228 995 148 27 2450 155 727 665 2648 2483 979

30706 153 1590 819 2832 899 1694 6822 2544 908 83 4950 6412 1000

44535 499 2086 1225 2181 2873 2442 5581 2467 1946 2525 2576 17260 874

54445 2120 2178 172 3644 4361 77 2172 32 4789 3185 1637 2881 2739 23226 1232

57529 1543 2402 2894 1084 158 2007 30 30 10754 2755 2361 2917 3192 24897 505


50 50 -

5 5 -

410 100 100 210 -

1250 600 548 29 73 -

2906 69 200 344 886 51 1356 -

2737 149 526 773 69 425 795 -

8747 279 659 4620 7 538 2644 -

7522 292 653 3676 131 32 389 2349 -

9625 223 2497 3751 737 400 2017 -


-

1176

52

-

122

327

-

-



Hong Kong (China) COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


0.0 -

4.9 -

7.9 -

8.0 -

5.3 -

9.5 -

10.0 -

98.2 x

1.5 x

Primary Supply

0.0

4.9

7.9

8.0

5.3

9.5

10.0

98.2

1.5


-

-0.3

0.8

0.5

0.7

-

-

x

x


-0.0

-4.5

-8.7

-8.6

-6.1

-9.5

-10.0

122.2

0.9

-

-4.5 -4.5 -

-8.7 -8.7 -

-8.6 -8.6 -

-6.1 -6.1 -

-9.5 -9.5 -

-10.0 -10.0 -

-

0.9 0.9 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-8.9 -8.9 -

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-18.0

-

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

-

-

-

-18.0 -12.4 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-



Coal Transformation




Industry sector


(7)





Hong Kong (China) HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

8

3

5523

8928

9109

6058

10823

11402

12174


-

-

-

-

-

43 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

43 -

-

-

-

8 -

3 -

5523 1986 584 -

8928 3003 108 -

9109 2568 -

6015 276 -

10823 -

11402 239 -

12174 36 -


3 -

709 2244 -

1708 234 659 3216 -

1233 344 2192 2770 2 -

2265 2846 567 61 -

938 9825 60 -

818 10219 126 -

876 11180 82





India COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


76.6 0.5 -0.1 -2.5

105.2 2.0 -0.1 1.4

149.6 6.0 -0.1 -3.9

186.9 12.5 -0.5 -0.7

208.9 21.1 -1.0 5.8

267.5 37.2 -1.4 -6.9

282.7 43.2 -1.1 -6.6

6.9 27.4 -0.9 x

4.1 13.2 19.1 x

Primary Supply

74.5

108.4

151.5

198.2

234.9

296.5

318.2

7.4

4.7


2.2

2.3

2.1

2.2

2.1

-1.4

0.0

x

x


-36.5

-58.5

-91.5

-143.1

-187.5

-235.6

-252.9

9.6

6.6


-30.2 -25.0 -5.2

-51.3 -44.6 -6.7

-83.2 -74.8 -8.5

-132.1 -121.2 -10.9

-176.0 -161.2 -14.9

-220.6 -202.0 -18.7

-237.8 -215.4 -22.4

10.7 11.6 5.0

6.8 6.8 6.3

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-6.3 -0.1 -5.1 -1.1 -

-7.2 -0.2 -5.1 -1.8 -

-8.3 -0.3 -5.2 -2.8 -

-11.0 -0.3 -5.7 -5.0 -

-11.4 -0.2 -8.3 -2.8 -

-14.9 -0.2 -8.3 -6.4 -

-15.1 -0.2 -8.1 -6.7 -

2.7 7.9 0.1 10.1 -

3.8 -1.3 2.8 5.6 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.9

-1.3

-2.4

-2.4

-1.7

-1.8

-1.6

10.1

-2.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

39.3

50.9

59.7

54.8

47.8

57.7

63.7

4.3

0.4

21.1 8.5 1.9 5.1 1.4

31.5 9.2 2.7 6.2 1.8

41.0 12.5 3.9 9.5 2.0

38.6 15.5 4.7 9.9 2.3

35.9 13.7 3.5 12.7 1.8

43.7 20.6 2.4 12.7 2.0

49.3 24.7 2.6 13.3 1.9

6.9 3.9 7.4 6.3 3.6

1.2 4.4 -2.6 2.1 -0.5

7.8

6.4

3.5

0.2

-

-

-

-7.8

-

10.4 4.4 3.2

13.0 5.0 3.6

15.2 5.3 4.3

16.1 5.6 4.2

11.9 4.1 4.0

13.9 4.2 3.8

14.4 4.4 3.9

3.9 1.7 3.0

-0.4 -1.1 -0.6


-

-

-

-

-

-



Industry sector


(7)





India HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

220

550

2030

5100

12510

16565

38586

43078

54053


220 20 200 -

550 287 263 -

1936 1936 -

5000 4665 284 51

9370 8283 187

8372 7824 11 63

16892 13973 837 92

17876 15046 641 618

23374 20067 58 717 751

-

-

-

-

900

474 -

603 1365 22 -

718 473 230 150

221 403 680 477

-

-

94 94 -

100 100 -

3140 1

8193 2748 -

21694 1438 86 -

25202 505 -

30679 1039 29


-

-

-

399 2740

1610 2256 1507 72 -

3152 13889 3044 33 52

3689 18462 2536 10 -

685 22717 5598 611





Indonesia COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0

1.7 0.0 -1.0 -

8.8 0.6 -4.3 -

35.6 0.6 -27.8 -0.1

66.0 0.1 -50.9 -

148.1 0.1 -114.6 -0.7

193.1 0.1 -153.0 -0.7

41.8 32.6 45.9 x

21.3 -10.2 25.0 x

Primary Supply

0.2

0.8

5.1

8.4

15.3

32.9

39.5

35.7

13.7


0.0

-0.3

-0.8

-2.0

2.7

-

-

x

x


-0.0

-0.1

-3.3

-4.2

-10.3

-19.3

-20.8

71.3

12.1

-

-0.1 -0.1 -

-3.3 -3.3 -

-4.2 -4.2 -

-10.3 -10.3 -

-19.3 -19.3 -

-20.8 -20.8 -

-

12.2 12.2 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0

-0.0 -0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

3.9 3.9 -

-



Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.2

0.4

0.9

2.2

7.6

13.6

18.7

15.7

20.7


0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -

0.3 0.0 0.3 -

0.9 0.0 0.8 -

2.2 1.6 0.5

7.6 2.0 0.7

13.6 4.5 1.0

18.7 4.7 1.4

16.9 3.3 26.3 -

20.7 11.3 -

Transport sector(6)

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.0 -

-

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Indonesia COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


-

-

103

286

2411

4254

10800

24595

31463

-

-

103 103 -

286 240 46 -

2411 2153 44 214 -

4254 3604 209 441 -

10357 44 359 9842 46 66

17494 167 33 597 11757 495 1993 733 1000 719

20088 72 1067 13538 1180 66 2397 584 969 215


-

-

-

-

-

-

443 218 36 168 21 -

6531 1847 1070 514 75 2854 171 -

11303 110 1698 1826 699 2083 4746 71 70


-

-

-

-

-

-

570

72



Indonesia STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


32

112

978

4574

28908

54480

118396

146956

170695

-

9 9 -

306 306 -

891 6 38 663 33 133 18

11024 18 285 65 172 31 5998 1795 855 881 86 748 90

26318 105 133 1637 13101 4825 2700 7 70 2793 627 320

44704 6 306 109 80 2422 19511 12885 1076 119 3146 1772 1884 1388

56108 59 67 310 73 6142 20203 17464 4446 314 2239 2250 1505 1036

69431 328 88 15 89 7515 20774 26500 1879 243 3894 1280 3671 3155


32 32 -

103 103 -

672 672 -

3683 70 105 546 660 110 2192 -

17866 123 719 336 5556 4481 1800 4582 269 -

28162 468 906 142 11786 2816 3373 8032 567 72 -

59346 146 889 1008 19132 9826 11657 155 16004 449 53 15 12

76943 150 1773 2917 24453 10219 16045 122 20818 446 -

99307 156 1588 10157 24598 10958 23930 73 26273 1498 76


-

-

-

18

-

14346

13905

1957



Israel COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


0.0 -0.0

2.8 -0.1

0.0 3.6 -0.3

0.1 6.3 -0.5

0.1 8.9 0.6

0.1 11.3 -0.5

0.1 11.4 -0.5

113.5 x

2.5 7.4 x

Primary Supply

0.0

2.6

3.4

5.9

9.5

10.9

11.0

127.0

7.5


0.0

-

-

0.0

-0.3

0.5

0.4

x

x


-0.0

-2.6

-3.4

-5.9

-9.2

-11.4

-11.4

137.9

7.8

-

-2.6 -2.6 -

-3.4 -3.4 -

-5.9 -5.9 -

-9.2 -9.2 -0.0

-11.4 -11.4 -0.0

-11.4 -11.4 -0.0

-

7.8 7.8 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

-

-

45.8

-

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.0 -

0.0 -

0.0 -

-

-

45.8 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-



Coal Transformation




Industry sector


(7)





Israel HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

-

1

3063

3998

7090

9636

12684

12693

12585


-

-

-

50 50 -

153 26 127 -

-

-

-

125 125 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1 1 -

3063 577 421 -

3948 528 539 -

6937 695 610 -

9636 1228 480 -

12684 1361 6 -

12693 480 -

12460 513 -


-

100 1965 -

548 2333 -

161 886 161 4424 -

1992 1416 4520 -

1 5509 5807 -

5053 7160 -

4929 7018 -





Kazakhstan COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


-

-

82.9 6.8 -32.6 -

53.1 1.5 -13.3 -

48.8 1.0 -16.2 0.3

54.4 1.1 -15.2 -0.0

60.4 0.9 -18.0 -

x

-2.0 -11.7 -3.6 x

Primary Supply

-

-

57.1

41.3

33.9

40.3

43.3

-

-1.7


-

-

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.1

x

x


-

-

-34.5

-24.6

-23.3

-27.9

-33.7

-

-0.2


-

-

-34.4 -34.4 -

-23.9 -23.9 -

-20.9 -20.9 -

-25.8 -25.8 -

-31.5 -31.5 -

-

-0.5 -0.5 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.7 -0.7 -

-2.4 -2.5 0.0

-2.1 -2.1 0.0

-2.2 -2.3 0.1

-

20.3 20.5 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-1.3

-1.2

x

x

-

-

22.5

16.7

10.5

11.0

8.3

-

-6.0


-

-

22.5 1.2 -

16.7 2.3 -

9.5 2.2 -

10.2 2.4 -

7.5 2.4 -

-

-6.6 4.2 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

-

-

-


-

1.0

0.9

0.8

-

-


Coal Transformation




Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Kazakhstan HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

-

-

-

3277

1209

668

31

6

2898


-

-

-

-

96 -

-

-

6 -

-

-

-

-

-

92 4

-

-

6 -

-

-

-

-

3277 -

1113 30 -

668 -

31 -

-

2898 -


-

-

3277 -

1037 46 -

2 480 186

31 -

-

2898 -





Kazakhstan COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


-

-

-

-

1999

291

2311

2105

161

-

-

-

-

9 9 -

-

-

-

68 14 13 10 31 -


-

-

-

-

1990 14 1959 10 7 -

-

2311 2311 -

2105 2105 -

93 93 -


-

-

-

-

291

-

-

-



Kazakhstan STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


-

-

-

53210

18769

25300

21308

25999

22439

-

-

-

-

-

-

116 39 4 73 -

110 23 5 82 -

50 2 26 7 15 -


-

-

-

53210 53210 -

18769 18226 16 527 -

25300 24080 1220 -

21192 21192 -

25889 25889 -

22389 22389 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-



Romania COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


11.6 6.4 -

14.7 7.3 -

12.4 6.4 -0.3

11.3 4.4 -0.3 0.1

8.0 2.7 -0.0 -0.1

8.3 4.0 -0.0 0.1

9.4 3.7 -0.0 0.4

0.7 0.1 x

-1.7 -3.4 x

Primary Supply

17.9

22.0

18.5

15.4

10.6

12.4

13.5

0.3

-1.9


-0.3

-0.7

-0.1

-0.3

-0.1

-0.3

-0.0

x

x


-9.6

-13.6

-13.6

-12.7

-9.2

-10.0

-11.4

3.6

-1.1


-6.7 -6.7 -

-10.0 -7.5 -2.6

-11.3 -9.2 -2.0

-10.9 -10.7 -0.2

-8.0 -7.7 -0.3

-8.5 -7.6 -0.9

-9.8 -9.1 -0.7

5.3 3.2 -

-0.9 -0.1 -6.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-2.9 -0.5 -2.6 -0.1 0.4

-3.6 -0.5 -3.0 -0.5 0.4

-2.4 -0.2 -1.9 -0.3 0.1

-1.8 -1.3 -0.5 -

-1.2 -0.9 -0.4 -

-1.5 -1.3 -0.2 -

-1.6 -1.2 -0.4 -

-1.9 -6.9 -3.0 9.2 -9.5

-2.4 -3.1 1.5 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-0.1

-0.2

-0.4

-0.4

-

-

-

-

-0.2

-0.2

-0.0

-0.1

-0.1

x

x

8.1

7.7

4.5

2.0

1.1

1.6

1.6

-5.7

-6.1

4.9 3.8 -

4.8 4.0 -

3.1 2.5 0.2 0.1 -

1.9 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.0

1.0 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.0

1.6 1.3 0.2 0.1 -

1.6 1.3 0.2 0.1 -

-4.4 -4.2 -

-4.1 -3.7 -1.2 -3.6 -

-

-

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

3.2 0.5

2.9 0.6

1.3 0.9

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.0 0.1

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

-8.4 5.2

-21.5 -22.6


0.0

-

-

-

-

-



Industry sector


(7)





Romania HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

4669

3949

6048

4981

4681

2521

2717

2786

4756


3600 675 673 -

3400 267 853 -

4000 595 1051 -

3600 1200 12 100 1188 12

4675 513 57 2 147 98 1437 222

2370 62 678 -

1577 547 -

2726 71 1079 -

2898 452 1279 -

2252 -

2280 -

-

400 500 200 -

124 1741 97 294

1630 -

1030 -

870 706 -

852 275 40 -

1069 -

549 49 413 -

2048 -

1381 33 16 11 -

6 2 -

151 -

1140 230 -

60 -

1858 82 285 2


87 -

-

1321 -

3 1 -

69 31 51 -

832 78 -

1 17 42 -

35 1390 61 3





Russia COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


-

-

256.5 47.8 -50.1 5.6

167.2 17.8 -22.4 4.1

167.2 20.0 -31.1 2.2

203.5 17.7 -70.2 -3.4

204.6 20.3 -73.3 0.8

x

-1.4 -5.2 2.4 x

Primary Supply

-

-

259.8

166.7

158.3

147.7

152.5

-

-3.3


-

-

8.4

12.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

x

x


-

-

-171.3

-130.5

-126.4

-122.3

-127.6

-

-1.8


-

-

-149.9 -149.9 -

-115.6 -88.1 -27.5

-114.1 -80.6 -33.5

-109.8 -74.6 -35.2

-116.7 -78.8 -37.9

-

-1.6 -3.9 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(2)


-

-

-21.4 -1.5 -17.7 -2.2 -

-14.9 -0.6 -12.7 -1.6 -

-12.3 -0.0 -10.6 -1.7 -

-12.5 -0.0 -10.4 -2.1 -

-10.9 -0.0 -10.7 -0.2 -

-

-4.1 -30.3 -3.1 -14.1 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-0.8

-0.7

-0.8

-0.8

-1.7

-

5.0

-

-

-17.8

-8.8

-1.5

-

-

x

x

-

-

78.4

39.5

29.6

24.6

23.2

-

-7.3


-

-

22.5 16.8 0.6 0.5 -

23.5 19.2 0.5 0.9 -

15.0 11.3 0.1 0.7 -

15.9 13.8 0.0 0.9 0.0

14.7 12.1 0.5 1.2 0.0

-

-2.6 -2.0 -1.2 6.0 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

55.9 28.6 16.6

16.0 1.1 10.9

13.6 0.5 12.2

7.7 3.6 3.9

7.7 3.1 4.4

-

-11.7 -13.0 -8.0

Non-energy Use 0.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

0.0

1.0

1.0

0.8

-

22.3

Coal Transformation



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Russia COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


-

-

-

31573

8693

6704

9981

10008

14921

-

-

-

10503 608 1532 463 177 480 131 5482 1200 337 93 -

6133 161 111 67 431 84 857 3505 571 156 158 32 -

1504 91 132 462 736 72 11 -

4189 31 94 157 219 234 2454 626 223 35 116

3907 36 220 193 63 2693 399 9 9 26 119 116 24

5640 81 400 24 69 328 2800 697 39 7 161 41 580 388 25


-

-

-

21070 156 500 19964 150 300 -

2560 822 876 81 781 -

5200 174 1337 1525 2164 -

5792 72 160 729 4606 16 7 48 1 153

6089 201 123 1038 4512 198 17 -

9225 139 113 632 8092 188 61 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

12

56



Russia STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


-

-

-

24478

17570

29651

69722

72961

85233

-

-

-

10103 234 1142 1905 777 157 324 609 2845 32 97 54 285 573 530 499 40

8296 156 871 242 122 593 215 83 201 1936 200 85 52 164 35 138 282 1249 192 1480

25585 788 1295 2449 282 928 320 1092 7041 2565 209 13 14 1340 271 5063 480 1435

52446 9 1454 215 50 827 4790 367 7333 125 132 799 6334 2413 1364 2042 2769 453 6509 12412 52 1997

53481 1198 45 177 463 4141 678 6858 113 161 483 5056 2455 3543 28 2764 1668 183 8414 13531 316 1206

65507 729 196 500 4979 931 4039 119 264 584 7807 4676 3867 3623 1299 395 11184 18307 2008


-

-

-

14375 6722 7653 -

9038 1010 81 114 46 697 5204 261 232 1393 -

4066 364 72 61 36 5 2175 1353 -

16980 538 839 1002 1286 49 56 804 2041 30 8840 1449 46

18972 463 721 521 804 21 130 635 3082 1903 8854 1833 4 1

19690 313 1808 359 985 164 1261 2797 80 10494 1404 25


-

-

-

236

-

296

508

36



South Africa COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


95.4 -27.2 -

142.5 -46.0 -

143.1 -48.0 -

168.6 0.4 -57.6 0.3

181.3 1.2 -67.0 1.6

197.7 2.0 -68.3 -

197.5 1.7 -66.2 -

4.1 5.8 x

2.0 2.0 x

Primary Supply

68.1

96.5

95.1

111.6

117.1

131.3

133.0

3.4

2.1


5.8

-3.7

6.7

-3.5

-0.3

-1.5

-0.1

x

x


-47.6

-70.1

-78.9

-86.6

-95.4

-108.3

-112.6

5.2

2.2


-37.2 -32.1 -5.1

-44.9 -40.8 -4.1

-51.7 -48.6 -3.2

-60.2 -56.6 -3.5

-68.3 -64.4 -4.0

-75.8 -72.1 -3.7

-80.5 -76.6 -3.9

3.4 4.2 -4.8

2.8 2.9 1.4

-3.5

-3.7

-3.9

-4.5

-4.6

-5.8

-5.8

1.2

2.5

-3.9 -2.6 -1.3 -

-3.3 -1.9 -1.4 -

-3.2 -1.6 -1.6 -

-2.1 -1.1 -1.0 -

-1.3 -0.7 -0.6 -

-1.7 -0.7 -1.0 -

-1.6 -0.7 -0.9 -

-2.0 -4.9 2.0 -

-4.1 -4.7 -3.5 -


-3.1

-18.2

-20.1

-19.9

-21.2

-24.9

-24.5

20.6

1.3

Own use

-0.0

-0.0

-0.0

-

-

-

-

-3.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

26.2

22.6

22.8

21.5

21.5

21.5

20.3

-1.4

-0.7

20.0 9.8 2.1 -

16.0 9.4 2.0 -

15.3 8.9 1.8 -

10.7 5.6 1.5 1.5 -

11.7 5.4 1.1 1.1 -

12.7 5.7 1.8 -

11.4 4.7 1.4 -

-2.6 -0.9 -1.5 -

-1.8 -3.9 -1.6 -

1.8

0.9

0.1

0.0

-

-

-

-28.0

-

3.3 1.1 2.1

3.1 1.3 1.7

3.5 1.3 2.1

4.0 1.4 2.4

2.2 0.7 1.4

6.8 2.3 4.5

6.9 2.3 4.6

0.5 1.8 -0.1

4.4 3.6 4.9

Non-energy Use 1.2 2.7 4.0 Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

6.8

7.5

2.0

2.0

13.1

-4.1


Coal Transformation




Industry sector


(7)





South Africa COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

2700

3447

5142

4033

6305

-

526

380

814

2700 2700 -

3347 544 2803 -

5142 34 4586 300 21 200 1 -

3633 157 3375 100 1 -

5181 176 570 30 280 3375 750 -

-

379 24 48 110 129 19 38 11

256 143 27 54 32 -

814 207 465 142 -

-

100 100 -

-

400 400 -

1124 1124 -

-

146 110 18 11 4 3

124 68 35 21 -

-


-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-




South Africa STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

12689

24712

42488

45867

53371

67001

70917

68892

65837

12689 606 868 6643 1108 960 157 1861 309 3 114 26 34

22361 2050 3118 8596 1492 3132 385 2000 459 3 713 66 347

33978 2078 3496 6444 3196 207 6641 4091 3700 812 104 2274 19 724 192

32994 6 4365 863 4512 1017 4884 1427 5733 1304 2112 4667 1252 356 496

39235 3641 3666 325 1395 3670 630 3653 3039 3850 3503 30 2683 7016 135 315 735 140 809

48763 2504 46 1721 5872 3979 269 4173 1661 2385 41 7564 265 2112 8403 2547 4503 50 668

54956 1757 2070 5340 8812 75 4939 155 139 6527 1926 8642 1324 12144 135 971

52431 1722 200 2450 133 4613 9473 4815 5822 1427 8544 2207 10379 646

45858 943 2795 4008 2734 4787 440 289 12491 1554 6996 160 1315 5572 561 1213

-

1600 1600 -

7600 1000 2200 2200 2200 -

12568 900 5685 3217 2583 183 -

14136 60 810 5138 2763 490 3900 100 145 40 185 505 -

17891 1919 107 85 522 2488 486 3636 5523 1978 356 201 554 36

15454 673 522 3587 5329 2993 61 970 244 442 397 236

16364 958 33 156 2615 5314 3160 156 63 1967 580 736 626

19938 582 347 30 410 7703 4214 1275 70 53 1804 2666 30 399 355


751

910

305

-

347

507

97

41




Ukraine COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


-

-

124.0 15.2 -21.7 0.8

61.1 13.7 -1.8 -

51.9 5.8 -2.6 -

49.6 6.5 -2.7 0.0

50.5 9.6 -3.0 0.1

x

-5.5 -2.8 -11.7 x

Primary Supply

-

-

118.3

73.0

55.1

53.3

57.3

-

-4.4


-

-

-3.9

-0.9

-0.3

0.4

0.5

x

x


-

-

-72.5

-50.4

-37.8

-33.6

-37.6

-

-4.0


-

-

-50.7 -48.9 -1.8

-33.1 -31.7 -1.4

-20.8 -19.8 -1.1

-20.3 -17.9 -2.4

-25.8 -23.6 -2.2

-

-4.1 -4.5 1.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-21.8 2.9 -12.6 -12.4 0.4

-17.3 0.7 -6.4 -11.3 -0.3

-17.0 0.3 -6.4 -10.7 -0.1

-13.2 0.0 -6.1 -7.1 -0.1

-11.9 0.0 -7.3 -4.5 -0.1

-

-3.7 -24.0 -3.4 -6.2 -


Coal Transformation


-

-

-

-

-

-0.1

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-5.3

-3.5

-2.7

-3.0

-2.6

-

-4.4

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0

-0.0

x

x

-

-

36.6

18.2

14.2

17.1

17.5

-

-4.5


-

-

25.7 15.6 0.3 0.0 -

11.3 8.4 0.0 -

10.4 8.1 0.0 -

12.0 10.2 0.0 0.2 0.0

12.7 10.8 0.0 0.2 0.0

-

-4.3 -2.3 -20.7 11.1 -

Transport sector(6)

-

-

0.1

-

-

0.1

0.0

-

-23.3

-

-

10.8 7.9

6.9 6.4

3.8 3.7

3.2 1.8

3.1 0.5 2.6

-

-7.4 -6.6


-

-

1.8

1.7

-

-



Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Ukraine HARD COAL IMPORTS BY ORIGIN* (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

Hard Coal

-

-

-

26686

15296

6606

7303

9754

11863


-

-

-

19964 -

5859 4369 -

2759 595 -

6902 31 167 -

7761 -

8177 -

-

-

-

19964 -

1490 -

2164 -

6704 -

7761 -

7505 672 -

-

-

-

6722 -

9437 4722 -

3847 452 -

401 -

1993 -

3686 -


-

-

6722 -

4259 456 -

2175 1220 -

11 390 -

127 1866 -

3649 37 -





Ukraine COKING COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


-

-

-

8114

400

200

509

530

408

-

-

-

-

-

-

229 229

530 530

-


-

-

-

8114 8114 -

400 200 200 -

200 200 -

280 280 -

-

408 83 325 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-



Ukraine STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


-

-

-

16577

2000

2297

229

357

2943

-

-

-

-

493 29 1 1 21 6 22 33 154 226

845 63 83 52 647 -

102 1 11 5 2 13 8 3 10 5 40 4

160 5 4 3 4 32 14 12 2 22 60 2

1192 5 228 27 21 16 50 271 19 149 8 105 229 1 45 18


-

-

-

16577 16577 -

1507 154 128 235 84 906 -

1452 1452 -

127 16 100 1 10 -

197 19 110 4 9 24 19 12 -

1751 1451 40 15 52 13 101 79 -


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-



Venezuela COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


0.0 0.2 -

0.0 0.2 0.0

2.3 0.3 -1.9 -

4.2 -4.4 0.2

8.2 -8.3 0.2

7.5 -7.4 -

7.7 -7.6 -

48.5 4.9 x

7.9 9.0 x

Primary Supply

0.2

0.3

0.7

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.1

11.4

-14.5


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x


-0.1

-0.1

-0.2

-

-

-

-

6.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.1 -0.1 -

-0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -

-

-

-

-

6.1 5.4 -

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

0.1

0.2

0.5

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.1

13.9

-13.0

0.1 0.1 0.0 -

0.2 0.1 0.0 -

0.5 0.2 0.3 -

0.0 0.0 -

0.2 0.2 -

0.1 0.1 -

0.1 0.1 -

13.9 5.4 23.0 -

-13.0 -10.9 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


-

-

-

-

-

-



Coal Transformation




Industry sector


(7)





Venezuela STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007


33

-

-

1834

3252

7722

7141

7284

8335

-

-

-

1746 1 33 148 560 140 19 5 53 375 169 238 5

3152 17 29 550 193 302 79 306 198 1478 -

6988 589 441 476 1067 112 766 378 180 35 218 2726 -

6326 135 583 441 391 452 88 49 48 4139 -

6583 44 441 437 104 197 10 940 148 36 4226 -

6826 134 611 53 457 148 362 1156 52 260 379 64 3150 -


33 33 -

-

-

88 88 -

100 100 -

734 79 168 71 416 -

757 460 48 249 -

701 489 26 39 147 -

1509 943 68 50 102 99 247 -


-

-

-

-

-

58

-

-



Vietnam COAL BALANCE* (Mtce)


1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006


4.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.4

4.5 0.0 -0.5 -

3.7 0.0 -0.6 0.1

6.7 0.0 -2.3 0.3

9.3 -2.6 -0.4

25.9 0.1 -14.4 -

30.3 0.2 -18.0 -

-1.1 2.1 2.1 x

14.0 19.1 23.3 x

Primary Supply

3.2

4.0

3.2

4.7

6.2

11.6

12.6

-0.2

9.0


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x


-1.1

-1.4

-1.3

-1.0

-1.6

-3.0

-3.3

1.6

6.1


-1.1 -1.1 -

-1.4 -1.4 -

-1.3 -1.3 -

-1.0 -1.0 -

-1.6 -1.6 -

-3.0 -2.8 -0.2

-3.3 -3.0 -0.3

1.6 1.6 -

6.2 5.6 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-0.0 -0.0 -

-

-

-

7.1 7.1 -

-


-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Own use

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

x

x

2.2

2.6

1.9

3.7

4.6

8.6

9.3

-1.3

10.4


1.3 0.0 -

2.1 0.0 -

1.5 0.0 -

2.8 0.0 -

3.3 -

6.8 -

7.4 -

0.9 5.9 -

10.7 -

Transport sector(6)

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

-

-

-

-13.9

-

0.7 0.5

0.4 0.4

0.4 0.0 0.3

0.9 0.2 0.6

1.3 0.4 0.8

1.7 0.5 1.2

1.9 0.5 1.3

-5.6 -4.8

9.9 20.2 9.9


-

-

-

-

-

-


Coal Transformation




Industry sector

Other Sectors

(7)





Vietnam STEAM COAL EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (thousand tonnes) 1978(1)

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

1430

640

604

745

2821

3526

15560

19489

29612

-

100 100 -

100 100 -

450 150 300 -

2308 93 100 2 179 3 1469 400 21 1 40 -

3203 240 100 52 2227 516 20 48 -

3635 166 155 2805 496 13 -

1727 87 123 1145 155 23 81 97 16 -

3674 700 87 2332 555 -

-

540 540 -

504 504 -

295 100 195 -

513 100 150 63 200 -

323 88 27 52 156 -

11925 388 10532 118 887 -

17762 125 17418 43 8 168 -

25938 54 1852 23291 445 296 -

Non-Specified/Other 1430 Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-



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Other Online Services n The Monthly Oil Data Service The IEA Monthly Oil Data Service provides the detailed databases of historical and projected information which is used in preparing the IEA’s monthly Oil Market Report (OMR). The IEA Monthly Oil Data Service comprises three packages available separately or combined as a subscriber service on the Internet. The data are available at the same time as the official release of the Oil Market Report. The packages include: . Supply, Demand, Balances and Stocks . Trade . Field-by-Field Supply . Complete Service

Price: Price: Price: Price:

€5 €1 €2 €8

500 650 750 250

(single (single (single (single

user) user) user) user)

A description of this service is available on our website: http://modsinfo.iea.org


n The Monthly Gas Data Service The Monthly Gas Data Service provides for OECD countries historical and current data on natural gas supply and demand, as well as detailed information on trade origins and destinations. The packages include:

.

Natural Gas Balances & Trade Historical plus 12 monthly updates

Price: €440 (single user)

.

Natural Gas Balances & Trade Historical

Price: €330 (single user)

A description of this service is available on our website: http://data.iea.org

Moreover, the IEA statistics website contains key energy indicators by country, graphs on the world and OECD’s energy situation evolution from 1971 to the most recent year available, as well as selected databases for demonstration. The IEA statistics website can be accessed at: http://www.iea.org/statistics/

The Online Bookshop

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IEA BOOKS Tel: +33 (0)1 40 57 66 90 Fax: +33 (0)1 40 57 67 75 E-mail: [email protected]

www.iea.org/books International Energy Agency 9, rue de la Fédération 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France

IEA Publications, 9, rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris Cedex 15 Printed in France by STEDI (61 2008 13 1 P1) ISBN 978-92-64-04241-4

Coal Information 2008

Coal Information 2005

Coal Information: 2007 Edition

Coal Information 2009

Coal Information 2011 (IEA Statistics)

AHFS Drug Information 2008

OECD Information Technology Outlook 2008

Stealing Coal

Stealing Coal

Stealing Coal

Coal Structure

Coal Pyrolysis (Coal Science & Technology)

Coal Science

Coal Gasification

Stealing Coal

Web Information Systems Engineering - WISE 2008 Workshops

Information Theoretic Security, 3 conf., ICITS 2008

Making Sense of Labour Market Information (2008)

Information Security Applications, 9 conf., WISA 2008

Coal Geology Research Progress

Stocking Full of Coal

Coal Geology Research Progress

Coal Energy Systems

A Coal Miner's Wife

The Future of Coal

Organic chemistry of coal

The Coal Industry

Coal Mine Safety

Coal and coal-bearing strata as oil-prone source rocks?

Toxicological profiles - Wood creosote, coal tar creosote, coal tar, coal tar pitch,

Stocking Full of Coal

Coal Information 2008

Coal Information 2005

Coal Information: 2007 Edition

Coal Information 2009

Coal Information 2011 (IEA Statistics)

AHFS Drug Information 2008

OECD Information Technology Outlook 2008

Stealing Coal

Stealing Coal

Stealing Coal

Coal Structure

Coal Pyrolysis (Coal Science & Technology)

Coal Science

Coal Gasification

Stealing Coal

Web Information Systems Engineering - WISE 2008 Workshops

Information Theoretic Security, 3 conf., ICITS 2008

Making Sense of Labour Market Information (2008)

Information Security Applications, 9 conf., WISA 2008

Coal Geology Research Progress

Stocking Full of Coal

Coal Geology Research Progress

Coal Energy Systems

A Coal Miner's Wife

The Future of Coal

Organic chemistry of coal

The Coal Industry

Coal Mine Safety

Coal and coal-bearing strata as oil-prone source rocks?

Toxicological profiles - Wood creosote, coal tar creosote, coal tar, coal tar pitch,

Stocking Full of Coal

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