Beginners' German (Classic Reprint)

GIFT or

•^

THE WALTER -KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

THE WALTER-KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES

BEGINNERS'

GERMAN

BY

MAX WALTER, Ph.D. DIRECTOR OF THE MUSTERSCHULE (REALGYMNASIUM) FRANKFURT VISITING PROFESSOR, TEACHERS COLLEGE, COLUMBIA ,

AM MAIN

UNIVERSITY, IQII

AND

CARL

A.

KRAUSE,

Ph.D.

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MODERN LANGUAGES, JAMAICA HIGH SCHOOL, N.Y. LECTURER ON METHODS OF TEACHING MODERN LANGUAGES NEW YORK UNIVERSITY

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON

Copyright, 1912, by

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

m(r i

C.

TO

WILHELM VIETOR,

Ph.D.

PROFESSOR IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MARBUR*

Our Friend and Leader

IS

THIS BOOK GRATEFULLY INSCRIBED

232681

Digitized by the Internet Archive in

2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft

Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/beginnersgermanOOwaltrich

PREFACE mTlt^T greubc an ber

Beginners' German

German

is

the basic book of the Walter-Krause

One purpose

Series.

®We."

initiate the learner into the

book

of this introductory

language of every-day

life

is

to

as well

as into the literary language, thereby insuring a realistic vocab-

pupil,

As we we have

cess.

At

ulary.

start with the

times

all

immediate environment of the

the best of foundations for interest and for suc-

we

are taking cognizance of the living

adolescent and not of abstract pedantry.

The work

an out-

is

growth of actual class-room experience.

The

first lessons,

at least, are intended quite as

much

for the

We

beg leave to give the following mode of using Beginners' German

teacher as for the pupil.

an effective although no teacher is expected to hints as to

—

tie

himself

down

to one par-

ticular system:

Develop the material

(i)

orally,

with books closed.

by questions and answers whether the pupils have the proper imderstanding of the oral work. Every answer Ascertain

(2)

should be repeated by the (3) Call for

class.

a continuous oral review of the whole (with

2t\t-

ftMe).

(5)

Have the assignment read, individually and in chorus. Let the matter covered be written or dictated.

(6)

Be

(4)

sure that definite grammatical facts are gained in

each lesson.

Let a thorough

Do

sounds be connected with all begina wrong pronunciation pass muster.

drill in

ning lessons; never

let

not assign a lesson unless

The

student,

down

it

has been prepared in

class.

book are intended for the to insure proper review at home. Such review may be

questions as laid

in our

vii

GERMAN

BEGINNERS

vni

Of

do not limit the any way and are merely suggestive. But they do outline the work of the learner definitely so that the matter in hand shall be thoroughly dealt with and mastered. Answers should always be given in complete

oral or written.

course, these questions

individual teacher in

sentences.

The Grammar and

is

based directly upon the work of each lesson

is

learned inductively.

We

and teaching

are not talking

grammar but, better than that, we talk and teach grammar. The learner will formulate for himself, from his own

about

experience,

laws and rules and this very

certain linguistic

creative laboratory

work

will

be a pleasure to him.

It will de-

velop his powers of observation and will cause him to use his

own judgment

rather than to accept that of an

^*

authority."

Such botanizing work will be his mental property and will not be done in futuram oblivionem. Some of the later selections deal with German life and customs. We hope that the students will gain thereby an acquaintance with Germany and the Germans. The progress of each class with our book will depend, of For Lessons 36-41 course, upon a number of circumstances. we have furnished Supplementary Reading to illustrate more fully the use of Compound Verbs, of the Subjunctive, and of

Modal Auxiliaries. A number of Reproduction purposes,

may

after

Lesson

Exercises are added for review

27.

Translation

be practised occasionally after

printed

the

text,

as

well

and retranslation

as

two

of

additional

The Grammatical Tables essentials of German Accidence

separately.

the absolute

language

foreign

The melodies

has been essentially mastered. given in

the

the songs ones,

are

furnish only in systematic

arrangement.

We

desire to express our hearty thanks to a

colleagues both in

America and

in

Germany

for

number

many

of our

valuable

PREFACE

IX

hints. We are also under great obligation to the Frankfurter Lesebuch-Kommission, to Karl HessePs Deutsche Lesebucher,

to Kameradschaft, Berlin, to Seringas Chorgesangbuch, and to N. G. Elwert, Marburg, for their kindness in permitting us to use some of their selections or publications. Especially do we acknowledge our gratitude to Dr. A. Busse, Associate Professor of German, Normal College of the City of New York, for his kind advice and assistance in reading both manuscript and proof. The Authors. February jgi2. y

CONTENTS PAGE

Preface

Map

vii

of Germany

facing

Introductory: Alphabet

i

Table of German Sounds with Explanations Lesson

I.

3

— Days Conversation — Days (Declension of Conversation — Months (Declension Conversation — Seasons (Declension Conversation

(tft,

finb;

itjarcn;

ttjar,

h)irb,

n)erbcn fein)

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI. VII. VIII.

XI.

of

btti^

.

9

.

11

.

Sftftt)

of bcr ^crlbft;

.

— Multiplication Tables (ber-words) — Arithmetical Problems (Conjugation of pronouns of address) Conversation — Family (Declension word formation Conversation — Cardinal Numbers (Declension of a^onat) Conversation — Parts of the Day (Conjugation of ordinal numbers) Conversation — Time Day (Conjugation of Conversation Conversation

.

bin;

of

citt

X.

7 btc SSod^c)

word formation un-) Conversation on preceding work (Word-order; impersonal verbs; word formation -c) D ^annenBaum (Review; word formation -\)txi) .

\6)

IX.

3a]^r;

-tiftcn,

citlC

-Icin)

of

— Parts

of

Body

26 28

Conversation

...

ginger, btc ^ai^nt)

— Date

32

34

of btc ^inbcr, bic

.

2>^

39 (Ordinals and numerals com-

pleted) 2)te Sotcici (i) (^cinc)

30

(Declension of bie

^ngen) Conversation (Review of nouns; prepositions with dative)

XVII.

22

t(^

future tense; numerals continued)

Conversation St|)^jcn, btc

XVI.

20

trff

XIV. Conversation (Declension

XV.

16 18

cttl

ftierbe;

XIII.

13

iBod^e,

i^abc;

XII.

i

42 (^abcn and fcin in

tenses)

compound 43

xi

beginners' German

xii

PAGE

XVIII. ^te

Sorelei

(2)

and

(3)

word

on nouns;

(Drill

formation -ung)

45

— Class tense; imperative) Conversation — Class

XIX. Conversation

XX.

ives;

present

(cttt-words,

neuter;

(cm- words,

feminine;

47 reflex-

nc^mc)

t(^

XXI. Conversation

— Class

ives, completed; pronouns)

50 (ctn- words,

id)

masculine; reflex-

ixaqt; declension of personal

53

XXII. Unfcr Scftulsimmer

(i)

(Compound nouns;

preposi-

tions with dative or accusative)

XXIII. Unfcr

57

weak

©cfttttsimmcr (2) (Preterit of

formation

word

verbs;

60

-ifcft)

XXIV.

Unfcr ©t^ul^aui^ (Prepositions with accusative; per-

XXV.

Unfcrc Sd^utc (Comparison of adjectives and ad-

and pluperfect)

fect

62

verbs)

XXVI.

65

Xm;

S3ci

<Sttttc matijt

agreement

(Adverbial compounds;

(i)

pronouns;

of

pronouns;

indefinite

66

strong declension of adjectives)

XXVII. $Io^rcgcn

(Preterit

of

strong verbs; coordinating

69

conjunctions)

XXVIII.

XXIX.

XXX.

$cibcnrdi^(ctn (©octl^e) (Review; strong verbs)

...

(Sbelmann unb ©drtncr (Interrogative and relative pronouns; word formation)

Review

XXXI. ^a^

(Classification of strong verbs)

foftbarc ^rdntlcin

tives,

feminine

(Weak

singular

'.

^ai^

tdgltdftc

plural;

irregular

81

S3rot

(Weak

declension of adjectives,

neuter singular and plural; word formation)

XXXIII. ^ic

bctttfdftc

(Weak

XXXIV. ^a§

XXXV.

^aifcrfomiltc; ^cil bir

.

im ©icgcrfranj

.

and

declension of adjectives, masculine singuplural;

bcutfd^c

.

.

9ictcft

-tg, -bar)

XXXVI.

@tn Sricf;

ble verbs; verbs with dative;

trcuc

87 90 93

SSanbcrfcftaft (i) (Inseparable

and separa-

prepositions with

genitive)

XXXVII. ^cr

84

(i)

word formation -ling, -It^) (Mixed declension of adjectives). ^ic SSac^t am Oi^icin (i) (Review; word formation lar

75 78

declension of adjec-

and

strong verbs)

XXXII.

72

95

^unb

concluded)

(Inseparable and separable verbs

98

CONTENTS

XIU PAGE

XXXVIII. ^er ^unb

mxt bcm

fJIcifd^C

(Subjunctive of indirect

speech and question)

XXXIX.

102

a3ncf motit)t^ an ©critter (Subjunctive of ideal condition; possibility; wish)

XL. ^ie (Sc^ulcn (Modal auxiliaries) XLI. @tlc tnit SScilc (Modal auxiliaries;

107 irregular

weak

no

verbs)

XLII. ^rct Srcunbc (Passive voice) XLIII. ^ic f)dt)txcn ©c^fulcn ^cutfdftlanb^ (Passive voice) XLIV. ^ie ^cutWcn in 5tmettfa (Passive and substitutes .

XL VI.

^Ctttfc^knb

itbcr

mc§

(Review)

124 126

Supplementary Reading

131

Reproductions

Grammatical Tables

138 •

•

.

,

•

.

.

o

.

«

Abstract of German Grammar

Vocabulary

117

^cutfc^lanb^ ©tcttung in bcr SBcltltiirtWaft (Passive voice concluded)

Songs

114

120

for passive voice)

XLV.

105

143

174 •

-«...

179 197

Longitude

14°

East

from

16°

Greenwich

18^

BEGINNERS' GERMAN INTRODUCTORY /C

ALPHABET CAPITAL LEITERS

SMALL LETTERS

Script

Print

Script

Print

^r^

a

Naue

A

21

B

33

^

C

S

D

S

.^^^

E

(g

ay

f

F

%

eff

g

9

G

,gay

h

I)

H

hah

a

a

b

b

c

c

d

b

e

c

f

•

*

1

I

j

i

k

t

1

I

^1^2^

J .^

I

3

J

3f

4 J

L

S

m m

\.^/^

M

2«

n

.^/^

N

91

n

^€r

K

O

^ ^ ^

ah-

bay tsay

day

ee

& ^

w X ^

yot

kah eU

emm enn

oh

ST.

i:

^

V

:

:«':

German

-REGinners

5kaji:;i^TTERs: r, •?«»»* * ''' Script'

: :

,

capital letters

}

'

•

Print

O

koo

R

91

^i^

err

^

S

©

1

%

^

tay

.^

U

U

^^

oo

^

V

SB

..^

W

2B

p

j^

P

^

q

q

-^

Q

r

r

y^e^

S

f8

.^^^^

t

t

u

u

V

to

w

to

y

^

z

J

Name

^ '^

p

XI

Script

^ /29 ^y^

XX ^r

^ ^?^

^ J ^?^

Y

g)

Z

3

,a^

2)iftat*

E.g.

N.

2)a^ ©piel

G,

3)ie Slufgabe be;^ ®ptel(c)^

Z).

3n bcm

A.

(Sic

taut*

tft

tft

btc^,

©picl ftnb ®prt(|n3drter entfialten (contained).

lemen ba^ ®piel

gut*

Of what gender are these nouns? Are the natural and the grammatical gender

German?

identical in

of

nouns

Illustrate.

Dterte 2Iufgabc Sluf^jaffctt!

J)a^ ^af)x ^at bier Qaf)xt^dttn. 3)ie

t)ier

^ai)xt^dttn finb ober

ber gruf)Iing, ber ber ^erbft

fSxttCf

beutac^ au§^^ f^jtedjen.

l^eifeen bie tiier

9Bie

tieifeen

©ie

mil[feti beutlid^

S)a6

^a^vt^txUn?

©ie?

uubeutlic^

unb genau

fpred^en, nid^t fo

unb ungenau!

^^.^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ englifc^?

^erbft 2)anfe!

©ommer,

unb ber SBinter*

SBie

^,^

l^ei^en:

tieifet

ift

auf englifd^ fall (harvest).

red^t,

ba^

SBeld^e ^a^re^jeit

Sefet

ift

Sft e^ 9^ein,

ift

rid^tig, nid^t falfd^*

ift

je^t?

e^ §er6ft.

iefet

aSinter?

mein §err,

iefet ift

e6 nid^t SBinter, fonbern

§erbft* 2BeId^e S'cifire^seit

mar

t)orf)er?

beginners' GERMAN

14

SBelc^c ^af)xt^idt tdivb

2Bie

na^^tv fein?

^ai)xt^idtm gibt e^?

t)iele

SBie Dielc 3^af)re^seiten f)a6en tDir?

^n

^ai)xt^dt leben tDir?

n)eld^er

SBtr leben

im

(in

3)er gruf)Img ber

©ommer

SWftrs,

ift

bem) §erbft» bie erfte ^'aJire^aeit,

ift

bie jiDcite

unb max

Slpril

Qai)xt^dt, etc.

finb

grii^Iinge-

bie brei

monate,

^uni, 3uli unb Sluguft finb

bie

©ommer^

brei

monate,

©eptember, Oftober nnb 5yiot)ember finb

bie brei

^erbftmonate,

©ejember, -3anuar unb

gebruar finb

bie

brei

3Bintermonate» 3lod^

2)er §erbft

einmal!

n is

used when addressing a child (a relative, a friend)

i^r is the plural of bu;

Sic

is

used when speaking to young people and adults,

singular

and

plural.

beginners' GERMAN

26

rieunte 2lufgabe SBic Dieic

Sage

f)at cine

(Sine 9Bo(f)e l^at [ieben

Jage

2Kfo, n)iebielc

©icben 2^age bilben

9lDd^

einmaU

SBod^c?

Xa^t.

bilbcn cine SSod^e? cine 2Bo(^e*

sseld^e^ finb bie 9Berftage ciner SBod^e? J)ie SBerftage einer SBod^e ftnb S33ie t)iele

3ti einer SBod^e

Declension:

.

Feminine Singular.

eine SBod^e,

.

.

.

Accusattve

1 r

,

.m

^r

^^^^ SBod^e

J

Genitive

einer SBod^e

Z>a/iz;e

einer SBod^e

Decline: cine 93Innte, eine gmd^t,

B^W^

.

ein geiertag*

ift

Nominative

3)ieIobie, eine

.

getertage finb in einet SBod^e?

eine ©ontmergeit, etc., eine

eine ©d^nle, eine ©d^illerin, eine Sef)rerin, eine

garbe, eine ©cite, eine ^txlt, eine $Red^enanfgabe, eine 2lbbition, etc., eine

Mart,

!Die^

ift

eine

§anb.

ein SBeifpiel: ©ittc !J)ie

Slume

ift

fd^on,

33Iatter einer

Slume finb griin. Stume 9Baffer»

3)er ©driller gibt ciner

!©ie ?e{)rerin l^at cine SBIume^

Is there

any

difference in the declension of cine

SBie

gin

t)iele

9Wonate

l^at ein

and

^al^r?

^'al^r l&at s^olf 2)?onate»

SBie biele 9Konate bilben bafier ein ^'al^r?

btc?

beginners' GERMAN

2^

StDoIf 9Konate bilben ein ^a^x. SSeld^e^ [tub bie brei §erbftmonatc ctnej^ ^cil^re^? (ober: SBte l^eifeen

©ic

)

.

^erbftmonate eine^

brei

3a/zz;e

einem 3al)r

Decline: ein ^inb, ein ?ieb, ein SBort, ein

S3Iatt, ein 9Wabc^en,

ein grdulein, ein 93nd^, ein SeifpieU

All

nouns

SBa^

ift

letn

(diminutives) are of

what gender?

ein fleine^ 33Iatt.

ein Siid^Iein? ein

ift

What

and

in d^en

S)a^ Slattd&en

difference

^inbd^en?

there between ha^

is

and

etn

in

the

declension?

^icr

ift

ein S3eifpiet:

@in Sinb

inng»

ift

dnt§ SinbeS

5)ie (gitern 3?(^ gebe

3c^ Slufge^jafet!

finb alt*

einem ^tnb ba^ ^ud). ein

t)erftef)e

S)er SSater

nnb

Ktnb

fe{)r

gnt.

SKntter finb bie (SItern eine^

bie

^inbe^, S)ie SItern

nnb

S)er SSater

ift

(bie)

ein

^inber bilben eine gamilie*

aWann, aber

bie

9Wntter

ift

eine

i^ran,

©er 58mber

ift

ein aWcibd&en.

ein

^nabe, aber

bie ©c^tDefter ift

beginners' GERMAN

28

Sin ^inb

cntrt)ebcr cin

ift

cin 9Kdbd^en, bie

^nabc, bcr ©ol^n; obcr

Xo^ttx.

2Bte biele S3ruber unb ®(^tt)cftern l^aben iBriibcr

©ie?

[tub ©cfd^tDifter.

©ruber meinc^ 2?atcr^ obcr meincr

!Ser ift

©ie

unb ©d^lDeftern

5D?uttcr

mein OnfeL

©(^tDcfter mcine^ SSater^ obcr meincr 9Kutter

ift

mcinc 2^antc.

Observe that the article, gender or in number.

etc., is

repeated

Semen Ste

(Sf)rc j[c^t bic Stitcn,

au^tuenbig:

T)u

bleibft ni(f)t ctDig

®ic

n)arcn, toa^

Unb bu

tx)irft,

bu

toa^

when

the nouns differ in

^inb;

bift, ftc finb*

geljnte 2lufgabe 9Bic Dieic

Sage

©in aKonat

f)at

f)at

cin 9D?onat?

30 obcr 31 Sage.

9^cnnc ben Xiamen etne^ 9Konat^» Sluguft

ift

bcr

9lame eine^ 9Wonat(e)^.

SBo tDaren ©ie

t)ox

einem 3)Jonat (ago)?

S?or einem 9Konat tdav

id^

in bcr ©d^ule.

28ie Diele Jage bitben etnen 9Wonat?

30

obcr 31

Sage

,

bilben cinen 9Wonat.

|

Declension:

ein Wflonat,

Masculine Singular.

Nominative

ein 9}?onat

Genitive

cine^ 9Wonat(c)^

Dative

einem 9)Jonat(e)

Accusative

einen 9Wonat

\

beginners' GERMAN Decline: cin 2^anncnbaunt, tin ©taat, cin pfennig, cin

S3ruber, cin

Sum

cm

©d^iiler,

gcicrtag, cin

cm

29 2t\)xtv, cin Slnfang,

S3atcr, cin 5D?ann, cin

DnfcL

SBcifpicl:

yietd 2)orf

Staai

ift cttt

Scute

S)ic

(i8ch)of)ncr)

ctncig

Staate^

l&ci^cn

SSiirgcr*

^n

cincm ^iaait gibt c6 bide ©d^ulcn^

S)ie iBiirger bilben ctncn

2)a^ 23rat> fcin!

bcrftcl^cn

©ie miiffen brad

What

Staat

©ie bod^? fein, b. ^.

(ha^

difference in the declension

^eifet) is

gut

fcin^

there between

ber unb cin? aSeitcr!

Jie ganse *tittffc.

SBie bide SBod^cn l^at ba^ ^a^r? T)^^ cv^^^ ^^^ 52 SBoc^en. gg.^ ^.^^^ 2:age ^at cin (gin ^at)V f)at

^a^r? 365 Sage.

9Bie bide S^age finb aber in cincm ©d^altjal^r?

3n

cincm ©d^altiaf)r finb 366 Sage.

1912

ift

cin

©d^altjal^r.

©tunben 24 ©tunben.

SBie bide

l^at

cin

lag?

(Sin 2^ag l^at

28ir l^aben ie^t cine beutfd^e ©tunbe bon 10-11 Ul^r. f)at cine ©tunbe? ©tunbe l^at 60 2)?inuten. 25on 1-2 (bi^ jtt)ei) ift cine ©tunbe. S?on 2-3 ift hjieber cine ©tunbe, unb

SSie bide SKinuten (Sine

@ine

fialbc

©tunbe

(Sine $8iertdftunbe (Sine

3lbieu!

aWinute

2(uf 3Btcbcrfc^cn!

f)at

l^at ]f)at

30

9JJinuten.

15 9Kinuten.

60 ©efunben,

fo tDcitcr.

beginners' GERMAN

30

€lfte 2lufgabe

©uten

9

3fefet ift e^

SWorgcn!

l^ctl

(g^

aWorgen^

9^ad^

2Bir f)aben

bem

Urn 12

mittag.

®onnc

S)ie

Ufir.

ift friif),

Uf)r

bunfel,

(2^

unb

e^

yia(i)t folgt,

S)er 9)Jorgen SBeften,

unb bann

ift

ift fitrjer

gen

unb

ift

ift

ber

unb

bie

ber Slbenb

ber ©ilben,

fo an:

aU: i^

tDiinfd^e

®uten

§lbenb!

^l^nen guten Tlox-

ufrt)»

§aben ©ie ^opfmel^ (headache)? @6 tut mir fef)r leib, ba^ ©ie ^opfmel^ ^offentlid^ tDerben

^errS.!

fatten ©ie

tior gtt)ei

©ie balb

fiaben*

h)ieber gefunb^

^af)xtn ©eutfd^?

9iein, t)or gtDei 3^abren fiatte id^ fein ®eutfd&»

^aben ©ie

fett jtDei

3?an)of)I, feit gtDei

Scorer

5um bu

l^aft feit gtDei

aWonaten ©eutfd^?

aWonaten

l^abe id^ S)eutfd^.

a)Zonaten ©eutfd^.

©chiller:

Scorer unb

er

(fie,

e6) f)ai feit gtDei

aWonaten ©eutfd^*

tlaffe:

aScitct!

Piaffe!

S)ie

tDirb e^ SKittemad^t*

®uten Jag!

®uten a«orgen! ®ute ma^tl

©a^

fonbem

fpat»

ber 5yiorben»

greunbe

rebet feine

ber S5or=

fiell,

fonbem

friil^,

ber Often,

ift

S)er 9Wittag

aWittemac^t

Tlan

nid^t

ift

friil^en

©arauf unb bann fommt

abenb^ nid^t

ift

ift

ben

e^ a^ittag.

ift

l^abcn h)ir ben 9Zad^tnittag,

ber Slbenb.

j[e^t

fommt

3)?orgen

(g^

fc^cint.

h)ir l^aben feit gtt)ei

aWonaten ©eutfd^.

1

beginners' GERMAN ^abi

Stirrer sur

il^r

Slaffe:

@{e

Sci^rer

unb

fie

fcit

3

gmei 9Wonaten S)cutf(i^*

i^aben feit jtrei

l^abcn feit itod

SWonaten ©eutfd^^

Tlonakn

!Deutfc^^

filaffe:

Conjugate the present

of

id^ ijaic

in complete sentences.

E.g. id) f)abt

bic crftc Slufgabc,

lt)ir

l^abcn bie

if)r f)abt

bu

f)aft bie gttieite

Slufgabe,

®ie

ferf)ftc

Slufgabe,

bie fiebte Slufgabe,

{)aben bie

a^U

Slufgabe,

er ^at bie britte Slufgabe, fie f)at

bie t)ierte SlufQabe,

l^aben bie neunte (stDanjigfte)

fie

e^ (ba^ 5D?abd^en) ^at bie

Slufgabe*

fiinfte Slufgabe,

Use

similarly: bie i^rage, bie 2lnth3ort, bie ?eftion, etc.

ba6 ©piel, ba^ SBort, ba6 Sud^, etc. einen 2ef)rer, einen 25ater, einen geiertag, etc.

Is there a special progressive or

German? Does the present

emphatic verbal form in

and the perfect at

replace the future

times?

What is the diffierence in the use of abet and Does fonbern mean "but on the contrary''? E.g.

m

ift

frub, abet e^

e^

ift

nid^t frUb, f onbetn e^

ift

bunfel ift

fpat*

fottbettt?

Illustrate.

beginners' GERMAN

32

Sluf^jaffen!

S)a^

Seigen Sic

m§

giDoIfte

^ufgabc

einc Uf)r.

S)ie Uf)r

ift

alien bie

U^r

ift

runb,

©tunben, ber anbere

aSiediel Uf)r (g6

ift

gegen

Sin 3^tger

filr bie

3ft e^

jel^n Uf)r»

S'n 50 90?innten ^iPnnft f)alb brei h)iet)iel

9Bann Q(i)

Um

ftel^e

ift

frlll^

ober fpcit?

nm

nad^ 10.

10 (Jll). 11 (f 11).

e^ iei)n SKinuten t)or 11, etc.

nnfere ®(^ule au^.

ift

U^r

ftel^en

ift

9Kinuten»

e^ jefet?

ift

Qn filnf 9Kinuten ift e^ fiinf $minuten 3n 15 aWinuten ift e^ ein S3iertel nad^ 3n 30 aWinuten ift e6 ^alb elf. 3n 45 aWinuten ift e^ ein SSiertel t)or

Urn

nic^t

in ber Slaffe!

!Die ^Iaffenuf)r f)at st^ei 3^i9^^» filr bie

fie ift

gel^en

©ie abenb^ jn S3ett?

©ie morgen^ auf ? fieben Uf)r anf.

tDiebiel ]Xi)V

gef)en

am ©onntag

©ie

in bie

^irc^e?

§aben ©ie jn ^aufe eine Ul^r? f t)on 100? = 20, 1 Don 100 = 40, | Don 100 = 60. i Don 100 i Don 120 = 20, 20 X 6 = 120. f (gloei ©rittel) Don 1800 = 1200; -| Don 1800 = SBiet)ieI ift

600, 1 finb 1200;

nfto.

Semen Sie

^^

bie^ aui^s

©i^en,

fann

ftel^en,

gel^en.

hjenbig:

SBenn Sege

ic^

i($

miibe bin,

mid^

f)in.

beginners' GERMAN ©inb ©ic milbe unb 3)a6

@^

fc^abc.

ift

33

nid^t frifd^?

tut

mir

ba^ ©ic

Icib,

tnilbc

finb!

Piaffe!

©ic miiffcn gcrabc ©erabe

bid

fo

ift

frumtn!

fi^cn, nic

^onncn ©ic

aufrcd^t^

lx)ic

nid)t

gcrabc [i^cn?

©ic 3l^rc Xa\ie

Soreici lantet:

iatn fein!

^ungfran

S)ie fc^onfte

fi^et

Sort oben tDnnberbar,

Q^v

golbne^ ©efd^nteibe bli^et,

©ie fcimmt

if)r

©ie fammt

e^

golbene^ ^aar.

^amme

mit golbenem

Unb

fingt ein Sieb babei,

©a^

]^at eine

tDnnberfame,

©elDaltige SKelobei^

2Ba^ fonnen ©ie SBa^ fonnen©ie

ftatt bli^et

2Ba^ fonnen ©ie

ftatt gettjalttge

S)ie britte

©en

fagen?

SWebbei fagen?

bie jttieite ©tropl^e!

nnb

le^te ©tropf)e lantet fo:

©d^iffer

(grgreift e^

@r @r

Su«9ftau fagen?

goIbne)^@efd|meibe fagen?

2Ba^ fonnen ©ie

©ingen ©ie ad^ttttig!

ftatt bte f^i)nfte ftatt t^r

im

fleinen ©d^iffe

mit n)ilbem

2Bel^;

fd^ant nid^t bie gelfenriffe, fd^ant

nnr

f)inanf in bie §o]&»

!

beginners' GERMAN

^^

47

gtaubc, bic SBellen t)erf(^nn9cn

Sim Snbe ©d^iffer unb ^a{)n; f)at mit i{)rem ©ingcn

Unb ba6

S)ie Sorelet gctan.

S)er ©d^iffer

l^at alfo

(gr frfiaut

[o

tft

t)iel

2Ba^ fonnen ®ie fd^Iingen

©el^nfud^t (longing).

h)ie? fageti anftatt: bie SBellen \)tx^

am @nbe

©d^iffer

unb ^af)n?

SBe^Iialb [tirbt ber ©c^iffer?

©ingen ©ie ^teffc!

bie lefete ©tropt)c ber gorelei!

Unfere Slufgabe

fllr

morgen

ift:

©te gorelei gans au^tDenbig gu lernen

unb

fd^reiben

gu fijunen*

Heun3eljnte 2lufgabe Stt^tung!

9Ba^ 2)a6

I)aben tft

^[t e^

Sa,

©te ha liegen?

etn Sud^.

3^r

e^,ift

93u(^?

mein

33ud^.

3ft e^ ein §eft? SJldn, e^

3d^

ift

fein §eft,

fe^e l^ier

au^

fonbem

ein iBilb,

ein 33ud^*

unb bort

finb fed^^

genfter. !J)a6

^etr

XA

papier barf aber nid^t l^erumliegen!

©tefien ©ie auf

©agen ©ie: ©ie

id^ ftel^e

auf*

finb grofe, be^l^alb fage id^: ©tel&cn

Sn einem ^inbe fage 3u ^inbem fage id&:

id&:

©ie auf!

fteK^) (^^U ftel&t

auf!

beginners' GERMAN

48

yitf)mtn ©ic, bittc,

^6) ncl^mc mcin

^^v

55ud^!

$8uci&.

^ffnen ®ic Q\)v Sud^, ober madden Sic 3i&r S8u^ auf!

3(^

offnc

©d^Iicfeen

«uc^ ^d^

mein 93ud^ ober mad^e mcin Sud^ Sie

icijt 3i&t^

auf,

Sud^, ober mad&en@ie

3fltr

Su!

fd^Iiefee ieijt

mein 58ud^ ober mad^e mein $8ud&

in.

Scgcn ©ic 3f)r S8ud^

3d^

lege

mein iBud^

f)in

ober tDcg!

f)in.

©el^n ©ie ftd^! (33Ieiben ©ie ftel^en!) ©ie tnuffen fagen: id^ felje mid^* ^anfe

5)a^ iDar nid^t

fd^on!

iibel,

ba^

gut!

tt>av

3^r «ud^

I^tduletn

3ft

3!

aWein 35ud^ SBeld^e^ J)ie

ift

ift

bie

diele

rot.

garbe 3^re^ SBud^e^? ift

rot.

©eiten in 3f)rem S8ud^(e)?

meinem 58ud^ finb 3eigen ©ie mir ^i)v iBud^! 3^ geige ^i^neti mein Sud^» 3^an)of)I, in

fjraulein

©ie

21*'

rot?

griln, blau ober

garbe meine6 iBud^e^

©inb

t)iele

l^aben ein fd^one^ ^leib an.

©eiten.

SSeld^e garbe f)at

S^r^Ieib?

2)a§ toar

^n

ein paar

n)ie

unaufmerffam ©ie

©tunben mufe

e^ beffer gefien!

ntd^t^!

Q^

3d^ mufe ©ie

loben (praise)!

ift

nid^t

5U glauben, 8tuf|iaf|en!

id^

offne

mein

35ud&,

fein fonnen!

I

BEGINNERS GERMAN bu

Scorer: Scl^rer

unb

'

«Iaffc:

offncft bcin S3ud^,

cr offnct fcin ^Vi6),

offnet

ftc .

49

if)r

33u(^,

c^ offnet fein 53u(^; n)ir offnctt unfere SBiic^cr,

'

t^r offnet eure Silc^cr,

©ie offnen 3^re fie

id^ JlonjuQte^ ren Sie afic {^

Sufammen:

offnen

fd^Iiefee

mein

genfter;

^^^^ ^ein ^eft nic^t anf^ Sege ic^ mein papier f)in?

^i)

\)aht

\6) ftelle

mein ^leib an;

mein

S3ilb nid^t toeg (ftellen

©d^reiben ®ie

3c^ einmal!

Slicker,

if)re SBiic^er,

mein i8nd^

lege ie^t

SBer legt je^t fein SBuc^

SBa^

legft

bn

SSol^in legt

SBann

legen

jefet

SJSie n3erben fein

legen).

l^in!

f)in?

^in?

if)r jefet

®ie

l^eifet

^onjngationen gn ^anfe!

biefe

enre SBiid^er?

^\)xt S3iid^er f)in?

unb mein,

bein, fein, unfer, euer,

i^t befliniert?

SBarum nennt man

fie

@in=9Borter?

aSeld^e^ finb bie (Snbungen be^ ^rdfen^?

NOTE Can an adverb separate the from its subject in German? Is it possible in English?

Illustrate

your assertion.

inflected

form

of the predicate

!

beginners' GERMAN

50

Hufgcjiafet!

2Ba^

©ie ba?

fef)en

^\t e^ einc Jafcl ober tint ^arte? 3)a^

eine 2afel, fcinc ^axtt.

ift

J)ic lafel i)ti^t aud^ bie SBanbtafel, tDcil

SBanb 5)ic

^artc

SBarum ffraulein

«taffe:

ftc

an bcr

ift.

aud^ bie SBanbfartc,

l^etfet

ficifet fie

fo?

©tel^en ©ie auf!

3d&

ftel^e

3)u

ftef)ft

auf.

auf uflD.

©el^en ©ie fc^nelt an bie 2^afel!

aiaffe:

^^

Qt^t fd^netl

2)u

gel^ft fd^nelt

an

bie

an

bie

SafeL Safel uftD.

9fef)men ©ie bie ^reibe ober ein ©tiid ^reibe in bie

§anb!

^c^ nel^me

fd^netl bie

SBie

treibe?

ift

bie

^reibe in bie §anb»

3^ ft fie h)eife ober fd^toarj?

^it ^reibe

toeife,

ift

aber

bie

Sinte (ink)

fc^tuara.

3ft

bie

Safe!

n^eife?

9iein, bie lafel

ift

nid^t toeife,

fonbem

fc^h)arg.

©d^reiben ©ie an bie Safel bie Xux (door)

Slaffe! SBeiter

an

^i)

fd^reibe

3)u

fd^reibft ufto.

bie

Jafel bie Xnt.

fpttfa^ren!

?efen ©ie, toa^ an ber lafel

ftel^t!

an ber Safel

ftel^t*

ilBir lefen, h)a^

ift

;

beginners' GERMAN gcgcn @ic bic ^rctbc tDicbcr

bu

l^in!

^rcibc tDiebcr ^n.

Qii) lege bic

tiaffc!

SI

Icgft uftD*

Scenbigcn! ©cl^en ®ic in ^l^re Sanf!

mcine Sdant

^'(^ gel^c in

bu geMt in beinc S3ant,

Slaffe:

cr gcl^t in feinc 93anf,

in

fie gcf)t .

itirc

58anf,

e^ gef)t in fcine 58anf n)ir gcl^en in unfere S3(infc,

'

in cure 93(infe,

if)r gcf)t

®ie

gcl^cn in 3ff)tc SSanfe,

fie gcl^cn

in

if)re SBfinfe^

©cf)cn ®ie bort bic ©tange?

9((^tung!

!Die

©tange

SSic

ftc^t in eincr (gdfe biefer

(gden

t)icle

IJrttuleitt

©e^en ©ie

9i.!

3f(^ feljc mid).

Sei^rer irab

bu

Piaffe;

cr fe^t

I)at bic

©tube.

©tube?

fid^!

fefe(ef)t

Wdj,

m,

fie feijt ft.^, i

eg

fefet ft(^,

tt)ir

il^r

^"

fe^en uttS, fc^t

md),

'

J \

r

®te fe^en

flci^,

'

fie fet^en fid).

;

^enr «.!

SBie befinben ©ie

^^

fid^ l^cute,

befinbe mid^ n)ol)l

unb

gut ober fd^Ied&t?

gut*

BEGINNERS GERMAN

52 Slaffc! Sertig

mac^en! Slaffe! SBeitcr!

bu

bcftnbcft bid^ ufm*

5iif)Ien

Qd)

©ic

bic Jlir.

ift

p.

ie^t

ift

©tcl^en ©ic auf, unb madden bic 8uft

©te

bie Xixv auf,

bcnn

ift fd^Icd^t.

©agen ©ic ©d^iitct:

obcr fd^n)ac|?

bxi fuf)Ift bid^ ftarf uftD.

©a6

5)ic Jilr

^err».!

ftd^ ftarf

tnid^ ftarf;

fiifile

iebc^mal, tDa^ ©ic tun!

id^ ftcl^c auf,

td^ gcl^c

an

S)ie Siir

mad^e

id^

^d^ gel^e

bu

ftel^ft

bie Jiir^

ju;

ift jefet

fie

auf^

(h)ieber) juriidf in

auf

meine33anf unb fe^e

rnic^*

ufrt).

?5erttg

madjtnl ^lopfen ©ie an

3d^

ffopfe

an

bie Jiir!

bie Xixv.

Sel^rer:

©ann fage id^: ,,^erein! O! ©ie finb e^?''

S((^tung!

?fef)men ©ie 3^re geber!

9Kan

fd&reibt

geber unb Jinte. Setter unb

id^

filaffc:

net)me meine S^ber,

bu nintmft beine geber,

nimmt feine i^^ber, nimmt il^re geber, I e^ nimmt feine geber; n)ir nel^men unfere gebem ufn)» S&o l^aben n)ir nimm gef)abt? r

j

er

fie

mit

(ber)

beginners' GERMAN Secret:

©pred^en ©ie ®eutfd&?

ttaffc unb Secret:

id^ fpred^c

©eutfd^,

bu

©eutfc^,

fpric^ft

S3

er fprid^t J)cutf(^ ufm.

Note the change

of root-vowel c into

i

in the second

(ic)

and

third

singular present.

Sonjugic* ®ie:

rctt

i^ gebc il^m mein Sdu^, bu t^^ lefe

meine

id^ fcl^c

mein

©ie miiffen

®efc^i(^te, iBilb,

bu

bu

licft

ficl^ft

alle^ miinblid^

gibft

.

.

unb

.

.

.

.

fd^rtftlid^

madden!

(£tnunb3tt)an3igfte 2lufgabe Stufgc^jafet!

®a^

ift

bcr Xtfd^.

S)a^

ift

ein Sifd^.

(g^

ift

mein

Sifd^^

3ft e^ ein ©d^ranf ? 9?ein, e^

9Bie

3ft

er

ift

runb ober

gotm

Q^

fifee

an bem Sifd^ unb auf bem ©tul^L

SBo

filje

id^?

©ie

fi^en

©ie fe^en Sluf^jaffen!

be^ Jifd^e^? edEig?

S)ie

be^ Jifd^e^

S)a^

ift

aSa^

ift

©run,

id^

fid^

mid^ {e^t?

ie^t

an ben Jifd^ unb auf ben ©tul^I*

ber Sleiftift! bie

garbe meine^

S3Ieiftift^?

blau, rot, gelb?

©d^tDarg,

2Bo

ift edfig.

an bem Sifd^ unb auf bem ©tul^L

SBol^in fe^e

f

©d^ranf, fonbem ein 2ifd^»

fein

gorm

bie

ift

liegt

njeife,

mein

braun ober gran? SBIeiftift?

?

!

beginners' GERMAN

54

3^r

auf bent Xi\d).

SBIeiftift liegt

SBofiin lege

meincn

id^

^^vm

©ic

Icgen

^\t

biefer S3leiftift

SBIciftift?

auf ben

53Ieiftift

!5)iefer SBIeiftift ift

Xi\(S).

meincr obcr bcr fcine obcr bcr

bcr meine

unb

nid^t ^Iircr*

NOTE

What

is

the difference between the possessive adjectives

and the possessive pronouns? 5Paffen

®ie ®cr Xi\^

^wf*

ift f)od^,

!Dcr 3:ifd^

ift

aber ber ©tuf)I

ift

nicbrig.

mir, aber bcr ©d^ranf

nal^c bei

ift

fern (meit ah) t)on mir^

^ft ber

©d^tiiffel

©el^en ©ie

bem

9Kit

@in

3«

etnem

SBifd^er tdi\d)tn h)ir bie 3:afel ab.

fold^er

^orb

ein

im ©d^ranf

ben SBifd^er unb bort btn ^orb?

f)ier

^orb

fieifet

aud^ ein *iPapierforb,

ba^ papier

fiir

Sragen ©ie ben

fd^hjcren

tDcil

ift»

^orb bor ben ©d&ranf

©rfjiilet:

^orb t)or ben ©d^ranf, ^orb t)or ben ©d^ranf, triigt ben ^orb tior ben ©d^ranf;

Center unb

id^

trage ben

Slaffe:

bu

trSgft ben

cr

(fie,

n)ir il^r

e^)

tragen bie ^orbe Dor bie ©durante, tragt bie

©ie tragen fie

aSotft^t!

SBo

^orbe bor

bie

^orbe

tragen bie ^orbe

ftef)t

ber

^orb

bie ©d^rcinfe,

t)or bie

t)or bie

©d^rcinfc^

©d^ranfe^

iefet?

^orb ftef)t {eljt t)or bent ©d^rant fatten ©ie btn ^orb Jointer ben ©tuf)!! 3fd^ i^alte ben ^orb f)inter btn ©tuf)L S)er

e^

'

BEGINNERS GERMAN ben ^orb I)mter ben ©tul^l,

aSettetr

bu

|t?ffaufe^.

Sefd^reiben ©ie

f)at eine

t)iele

SBelc^e

ift

braune garbe»

S^r ©d^ulf)au^!

2Bie Diele ©d^ulaintmer SBie

!Da^ S)ad^

l^at

e^?

©todfn)erfe?

garbe?

3eigen ©ie mir ben ®ang! ©dottier:

Id^ aeige ^i^tien

(bir)

ben ©ang.

®ang.

mir ben ®ang,

Setter:

bu

ataffe:

er geigte if)m ben

jeigteft

fie seigte il^r

©ang,

ben ®ang;

n)ir jeigten eud^ bie ©cinge,

3^d& geigte

hen

—

:

beginners' GERMAN gcigtct

xtjx

un6

63

®&nQt,

bic

gcigtcn tfincn bic ©ftnflc*

ftc

SBemanbeln ©tc

bicfc ®(i^e, tnilnblt(3^

3ebe^ ©todfmcrf Sine SJreppe anberen*

l^at

bon eincnt ©efd^ofe nad^ bcm

fiil^rt

—

^erm

bent

um

td^ gel^e

©ircftor

^d^

bringcn? id^ t)erlaffe

ftel^c

biefcn S3rief fiir mici^

(Principal)

ju

auf,

meinen ^la^,

an ba6

Sef)rcrt3ult,

nef)me ben 53rief,

id) gel^e id^

fc^rtft^

mel^rere ^laffengimmcr*

2Ba^ milffen ©ic tun,

td&

unb

in ben plural bc6 3'tnperfe!tg (preterit)

Ii(^,

an

bie 2ilr,

Xuv,

offne bie

td^ fd^Iiege fie, id^ gel^e

burd^ ben

id^ gel^e bie id^

Sreppe

be6 oBeren glurS,

f)inunter,

tDenbe mid^ nad^ red^t6,

id^ bleibe t)or id^

®ang

htm ©ireftorjimmer

ftel^en,

Hopfe an*

@in.©d^uler h)irb S)ircltor:

herein!

(B^nUn

®uten Sag, §err

©ircltot:

a3Ba6 n)oIIen

Sc^iiler:

3d&

bitte

um

gum

©ircftor emannt:

J)ireftor!

©ie? 33ergeil^ung.

3d& bringe ^l^nen

biefen Srief t)on

2)trcItDr:

3n

tt)el(^er

ift

S^iiler:

Sr

ift

2)ircltot:

©riifeen

Piaffe

^err X.

in feinem 3ii^^^^*

©ie

il^n

Don mir!

jefet?

^erm 3£*

iibcr=^

beginners' GERMAN

64 ©d^iiter:

3?^ banfe

Slbicu,

fefir,

^err ©ircftor!

Describe similarly the pupil's return to class

with

final

and the

dialogue between the teacher

pupil,

NOTE Which case do the following

prepositions

always take:

gegen, urn?

Form

sentences for each preposition to illustrate

its use.

E.g.

3d^

{)olte

mein

33ud^

fiir

i^n;

h)ir f)oIten unfere 33uci)er fiir fie.

SBenn l^olt er

SBo

vi) tf)n fd^ide

(fcnbe),

um

mir mein

33u(^ ju bringen,

tnein 93u(^.

getemt?

f)aben tDir jpfien

Sottiugtercn ©ic munblic^ unb

fd^riftlid^:

ba^ SBort Qclemt,

id^ f)abe

bu

t)aft

ba^ SBort Qclemt,

er

(fie,

e^)

ttjir

td^ l^atte

bu er

):jai

ha^ SBort gelemt;

{)aben bie SBorter

ba^ SBort gelemt,

{)atteft (fie,

gelemt ufm»

ba^ 9Bort gelemt,

e^) f)atte ba^

SBort gelemt

ufto.

bann

beginners' GERMAN

65

5unfunb3tt)an3igfte 2tufgabe Uttferc

S^ulc

Unfere ©d^ule Itcgt an ber ^auptftrafee unb

ton High School.

©te

nannt*

^a^re

ftef)t

©d^iiler

nnb

ift

@te

im

©ie

ift

1895

^at}xt f)at

nad^

bie

^naben*

erbaut, fo bafe

24

®er

SSor ber ©d^ule

eine

ftc

alfo fd^on

sa^It ettca

8ef)rerinnen^ ift

Winter ber ©d^ule befinben

ober ©pielplci^e*

Washing16

1050

Sin U)v untcrrtd^ten aufeer bcni

©d^iilerinnen*

©ircftor nod^ 18 Sel^rer unb

9tafenpla^*

l^eifet

SSater unfere^ ?anbe^ he^

29 «Ia[[en unb

jefet

gegen 100 gufe lang*

bem

©d^ule

S)ie

ift

cin fd^oner grilner

fid^

©d^ull^ofe

glDei

bie 9K(ibd^en, ber anbere fiir

ift filr

Sinige 33aume unb ^flanjen, bie SBIumen tragen,

gieren ben ^of*

58efd^reiben

SBo

©ie

liegt 3f)re

2Sa^

ift

ber

S^ftc ©d^ule!

©(^ule?

5«ame unb ba^

ift

bie ©d^iiler=

aSie lang

ift

^lire ©d^ule?

SBa^

2Bo

befinbet

fid^

l^aben toiv

Unfere ©d&ule tote t)iele

ift

©d^ule?

bie 8e]^rerjaf)l?

©d^ule?

3^f)re

JBaum gelemt? ift

nid^t flein^

©ie

ift

nid^t fo gtof;

anbere ©d^ulen*

Unfere ©d^ule fie

urn

Sitter ^firer

unb

2Sie ftarf

aber

ift tdofjl

nid^t

Reiner al^ ntand^e ©d^ulen; bie

Heinfte

©d^ule in ber

©tabt

NOTE

How lish?

are the comparative

And how

Illustrate the

in

and superlative formed

German?

comparison by using in sentences:

in

Eng-

beginners' GERMAN

66 tDantt

reid^

Won

Mt

arm

liafelid^

fleifeig

lang

aufmcrffam

faul

furs

unaufmertfam

3.S. 3)ic Jafic

im 9Wai

toarm*

finb oft

Jagc im 3uni finb n^firmcr. ®ic lage im 3uli finb bic hjSrmften. J)ic

£)ber: 35ic

Same mar

fo teic^ gefkibct

3cnc S)ame mar

3ene Is there

Same mar am

any

tt)ie t)ielc

®amen»

rcic^er al^ biefe gefleibet^ rcic^ftcn gefleibet.

between the adjective and the ad-

difference

verb in the positive and comparative degrees?

What is When is

the difference in the superlative?

mic used, and where

is ali^

used?

E.g.

@r

i)l

fo groff hitc

(Sr

ift

grower

aU

id^;

id^»

abcr

Give further examples.

5ed?sunb3tt)an3tgfte 2lufgabe

SBer l^ungrig 233er burftig

cffen bie

©a^ bcr

ift,

alfo

©uppe mit

hunger

alfo

ift,

©urft

f)at,

^at, trinft.

ifet,

@^

f)ungert i^n»

(S^ bilrftet i^n.

2Bir

eitiem SoffeL

man mit bem 9Wcffer unb i^t e^ mit man au^ einer 3:affe, b. ^. man ®a^ SBaffer unb bte 2)?il($ trinfen mir

gleifc^ jerfc^neibet

©abeL

©en

^affee trinft

trinft eine Saffe ^affee.

au^ einem ®Iafe,

b,

f).

mir trinfen ein ®ta^ SBaffer ober

9WiId^.

beginners' GERMAN !Da6 2:i[d^

!5)tcnftTn(ibd&en

mit einem

Zi\(i).

fommt au^ !Dann

Jifd^tud^*

^a^ bem

unb

bccft

ben

c^ bie 2:el{er auf

bm

bcr ^ild^c ftelft

man

@[fen bleibt

67

bci gcnxiltlid^er Untcrfial^

tung nod^ ettDa^ ft^en^

Ser ©eutfd^e fagt: ^^nngcr SBarum fagt er ba^? SBomit

ift

ber bcftc ^od^»"

e[[en tr)ir?

9Borau^ trtnfen mir? SBorauf

ftellt

ba^

mnWn bie Jelter?

©tellen ®ie gragen iiber bie ©egenftcinbe auf

mm

bem

©d^reiben ©ie baruber!

28a6

ift

ber Unterfd^ieb gtt)ifd^en einem

®Ia^ SBaffer

ift

ein

ein aSaffergla^

ift

ein

(gin

®Ia^

SBaf:=

nnb einem SBaffergla^?

fer

®M &M

\)oU SBaffer, aber filr

SBaffer

(jum

SBaffertrinfen)^

2Ba^

ift

ber Unterfd^ieb jlDifd^en:

®Ia^ mil6^ nnb ^milc^gla^? Jaffe taffee unb ^affeetaffe? goffel

Soniugte* ten ©ie:

©uppe unb ©uppenloffel?

Id^ effe gleifd^

gem,

i)^ i^t gleifc^

gem

ufrt).

Substitute pronouns for nouns in the following sentences. E.g. 9Bir effen bie

©uppe mit einem

SBir effen

bamit*

fie

SOtan gerfd^neibet ba^ gleifd^

85ffel,

5D?effer, becomes what? becomes what? Jaffe, becomes:

mit bem

ba^ gleifd^ mit ber ®abel,

Wflan

ifet

^an

trinft ben Saffee

2)?an trinft

ii)n

au6 einer

barau^.

becomes:

beginners' GERMAN

68 2Ba«

toirb au^:

2Bir trinten ba6 SBaffer au6 cincm ©lafc?

SBir trinfen bie

2)?i(d&

au6 eitiem ®(afe?

mit

S)a^ ©ienftmab(i^en

becft

S)a^ S)tenftinab(i^cn

ftetlt bie 2^elter

@^

ober

ben

ftettt

fie

2:if(^

Xn6)?

eincrtt

auf ben Xi\i),

becomes:

barauf*

fie

NOTE Are the

indefinite

pronouns man,

eth)a^, nid^t^, ein

paar in-

declinable?

Of what gender are infinitives used as nouns? What is the agreement of personal pronouns person with nouns to which they refer?

When

in the third

are the so-called adverbial compounds used (ba +/

h)0+)?

Do Do

they refer to things or to persons? these

compound

expressions exist in English?

Illustrate.

Semen ®ie ^^, n)a^ gar tft au^menbig: ^^nf, m^ ttav ©prid^, toa^

SBa^

(gefod^t), ift,

tt)ai)v ift!

—

finb bie ©egenteile

Don gar, Har,

cSur 2Beif)na(^t^jeit unb befonber^

abenb

fingen

bie

9Wan

bie erfte ®trop{)e

fie^t e^ oft

©tine ^ac^t, Silted fd^Iaft,

tt)af)x?

2Bei{)nac^t^^

©eutfd^en ein fd^one^ ?ieb*

^d^ mxht Qi)mn nur geben.

am

aU

^eilige ?Ja($t!

einfam

9lur ba^ traute,

tt)aii)t

l^od^fieilige

^aar»

^olber ^nabe im lodfigen ^aar, ©d^Iaf in f)immlifd^er

babon

SSoIf^Iieb an:

dlui),

©d^Iaf in f)immlifd^er dtui)l

beginners' GERMAN

69

SBtr iDoHen ba^ Sieb au^tDenbig Icmen unb aud) ftngen!

tiberfe^en

©ie ba6

8ieb!

NOTE bcr ^nabe

bie

^Jad^t

Snabe

ftiltc

5>ta(^t

t)oIber

How

is

bic

9tul)e

{)imTnlifc^c

$Kut)e

an adjective declined when

ba^ §aar lodtQej^

§aar

takes the place of

it

the definite article?

What

are the various endings for the singular

Decline the above in

and plural?

full.

This adjective declension

is

called the strong declension.

Why?

5iebenunb3tDan3tgfte ^lufgabe 3c^

iDcrbe 3f)nen eine ©efd^ic^te erjaf)Ien

mit bem

Xittl:

jpta^rcgctt

^n S)er

^anm

burc^ bie genfter

tx)ie

fef)r

bunfeL

SBanb.

tDaren tdiv au^ ber ©d^ule, fo liefen tDvc anf bie ©trafee,

benn nnfer

fommt!" t(^

faf)

©tunbe

eine fd^tnarggrane

ber ©d^ulftube toav e^ in ber le^tett

^immel

l^ef)rer

f)atte

gefagt:

Stber ba mitten

jn)ei btcJe

„5D?a(^t,

tm ?anfen

tf)r

nnr

2lber ha^ tDaren

^lo^Iic^

eine 99?enge, alte grofe

nad^ ^anfe

ben Tlaxtt befam

9Jegentropfen gerabe auf bie 9^afe!

lant lac^en, fiel

bafe

iiber

3d^ mnfete

bie erften S^ropfen getDefen.

nnb

bidf

nnb Warm

iiber

meinen ^opf, meine §lmte, meine ^leiber* Stite Seute began^ nen jn laufen, unb id^ lief mit* ®er Stegen fam in ©tromen,

?

beginners' GERMAN

70 unb lid^

id^ fal^

fcincn ^lalj,

fatn ein

SBoIfen

l^ellcr,

l^ert)or,

tt)o id)

mid^ unterftelfen fonnte^

^16^-

gelber ©onncnftraf)! jtDifd^en ben [c^tDarjen

fd^aute liber bie naffe ®trafee

unb

—

lad^te bie

naffen ?eute au^» i«ac§3lfc grapan.

^taqtn e^ in bent ©d^uljinimer, ober

!J)unfeIte

n)ar

e^

l^ell?

SBie

\df)

©ingen

ber ^intmel

rannten

SBarunx

SBa^

au^?

^inber langfanx au^ ber ©d^ule, ober

bie

fie

auf bie ©trafee?

lief en fie?

fiir

3tegentropfen befant ber ©c^iiler anf bie

5«afe? Sffiar

ber $Regen fd^trad^ ober ftarf ?

S33o iDurbe ber ©driller

SBie ftarf

benn na^?

SBa^ fam aber auf einntal au^ htn SBoIfen? Unb ma^ gefd^al^ bann? SBar

bie ©trafee nafe ober trodfen?

SBieberl^oIen

©ie

bie ©efd^id^te miinblid^!

9Kad^en ©ie {e^t ^^vt Sild^er auf, unb lefen ©ie bie ©efd^id^te!

Piaffe:

SBir madden unfere SBild^er auf unb lefen bie ®e== fd^id^te.

©d^reiben ©ie nun

bie Srjal^Iung

an

SSerbeffem ©ie ba^ Slngefd^riebene! 3fe^t toerbe

id^

bie 2:afel!

(Slu^loifd^en!)

S'l^nen bie ganje ©efd^id^te biftieren!

NOTE Change the tenses throughout the story into the see any difference between the preterits?

Do you

present.

1

BEGINNERS' GERMAN c6

wax

cr

fal^

7

i^ tarn

ic^

licf

i^

gcifltc

and c^

er lemtc

fiattc

Do the latter have And the former? ^i) fa^ id^

is

a tense-ending?

said to be a ^/r(?wg verb,

lerntc is said to

Are

Why?

be a weak verb.

weak?

the so-called regular verbs

And

x^ lad^te?

the so-called irregular verbs strong?

Are the verbs that modify the stem-vowel a into into

and

in the second

i(tc)

weak verbs? Is there any

similarity

ix

and

c

third singular present, strong or

between English and German as to

the conjugation of verbs?

We id)

conjugate:

tvat in mcincr ©c^ule,

bu marft in bciner ©d^nle, f

njaren in unfcrcn ©c^ulen,

h^ir

mart

ii)x

in euren ©c^ulen,

©ic njaren in 3I)ren ©c^nlen,

cr njar in feincr ©d^ulc,

in if)rer ©c^ulc,

fie ttjar

toavcn in

ftc

if)ren

©d^ulcn*

I i

e^

mar

in feiner ©d^nlc,

Conjugate

all

preterit, orally

Do you the

see

the other strong verbs of the story in the

and in writing. any difference in the past

participle

between

weak and the strong verbs?

E.g. S)er ?cf)rcr

ba^ tDarcn

fiatte gcfagt;

bic erften

and

Jropfcn

Does the past participle with both augment?

gctDcfcn.

classes of verbs

prefix, called

What

is it?

Is it accented?

Is

it

a part of speech?

have a

beginners' GERMAN

72

Do

the pure, coordinating conjunctions: unb,

after,

fDnbern, obcr, benn

cause any change of word-order in a sentence?

Give

Do How?

illustrations, orally

and

in writing.

the other conjunctions affect the order of words?

E.g. SBir

liefen

toxx liefen

auf bte ©trafee, benn ber ?ef)rer l^atte e^ gefagt; but auf bie ©trage, totxl ber ?et)rer e^ gefagt ^atte*

2ld?tunb5rt)an3tgfte 2lufgabe

(Review) §eute

tDerbe id^ ^l^nen eine einfa($e ©efd^ic^te erjal^Ien, bie

ber ©id^ter ®oetf)e in etnem giebe beftngt: Sine Heine 9Jofe, etn 9J6^Ietn, ftanb auf ber §eibe.

fd^on tuie ber frifd^e $D^orgen,

©a^

(gin J?na&e

fal^

(£r tt)ar tuilb,

unb

lein bred^en*

3)ie Eletne 9?ofe aber tuefirte ftd^

3)od^ ber tDilbe

3)a6 ©ebid^t

fo lief er fd^nell,

^nabe

brad^

benn er

tuollte "ta^

unb

f)et6t ^etbcnroj^Ietn.

ftel^n,

9to^Iein auf ber ^eiben,

SBar

fo

jung unb morgenfd^on,

8ief er fd^nell, e6 nal^^ gu fel^n,

©al^'^ ntit

t)telen

greuben^

^o^Iein, 9Jo^Iein, $Ro^Iein rot,

SJo^kin auf ber ^eiben*

Sto^-

ftad^ il^n.

ha^ 9io^Iein tro^bent*

©al^ ein ^nab^ ein SJo^Iein

fo

ha% 9?o6lein.

S)te erfte ©tropl^e lautet folgenbermafeen:

!

unb

SJo^Iein tuar jung

Slrnie^

BEGINNERS GERMAN !Dic

^etbe

l^etfet

auf englifd^ the heath.

©agen @ie: ba^

9to^Iein

2Ba^ fonnen ©te

[tel^t

ftatt er fall

©al^ ber ^nabe ba^ SJo^c^en

SBar ha^

dtMdn

©e^en ©te tige

er Ucf fagen?

gem?

fd^on ober l^afelid^?

bie erfte ©tropfie biefe^ Siebe^ in rid^-

©ie nun

h)otten n^ir

3)ie sniiette ©troptie

2.

auf ber ^eiben?

unb

^rofa!

S3erfte]^en

S)ann

73

ift, lt)ie

^nabe

bie erfte ©tropl^e

fie

ganj?

fingen!

folgt:

fprad^: id) bred^e bid^,

9t6^Iein auf ber ^eiben! 9?o^Iein fprad^:

©a^ Unb

bu id^

id^ fted^e bid^,

etDig benfft

an mid^,

tDiir^ nid^t leiben^

ato^Iein,

dlMdn

dtMein,

rot,

Jto^lein auf ber §eiben.

Q:toxq i)d^t: auf

Seibcn

ift l^ier

immer*

ba^felbe h3ie laffen*

3fft bie^ "iProfa-SBortftellung:

bafe

bu

elDig benfft

an mid^?

®enft ber ^nabe baran,

bafe

ba^ 3io^Iein fterben

mufe? ^onjugieren ©ie: id^

bred^e ba^ 9to^Iein,

bu

brid^ft

er

(fie,

ha^ JKo^Iein,

e^) brid^t

ba^ JRo^Iein;

tDir bred^en bie JRo^Iein uftt)^

beginners' GERMAN

74 @6cnfo:

id^ ftcd^c

ben ^naitn.

SSerftc^en

®ann Unb nun fommt

bic jlDcitc ©tropl^c bc6

bie britte

Unb

3^

®ic

®cbi(|tc^r

fingen toir ben jtceiten 25er^ babon!

unb

ber tDiIbe

le^te ©tropl^e:

^nabe

bvai)

dtMdn auf ber ^eiben* dtMdn m^xtt ftd^ unb ftad^, ^^

§alf i^m

boii)

Inn

2Bef|

unb

2ld^,

SKufet^ e^ eben leiben^

dlMdn, dtMdn, dtMdn

rot,

8?6^lem auf ber ^dhtn.

aSa^

tat ber

Siefe ft(^

ba^

tnabe mit

dtMdn

^alf tf)m aber

fein

bent

ba^

dtMdn?

ruf)ig gef alien?

^lagen ettDa^?

Xat bem ^naben ba6 Sto^Iein nid^t leib? ®ie jefet bie le^te ©tropfie?

SSerftel^en

!Dann tDoHen aWorgen

n)ir fie aud^ fingen!

ntliffen

h)iffen,

©ie

bie erfte ©tropl^e

unb iibemiorgen

?ieb au6n)enbig h)iffen

nxiiffen

unb

au^menbig

©ie ba^ ganje

e^ aud^

an

bie

Jafel

unb

einer

fd^reiben fonnen!

©oetl^e, ber grofete S)id^ter !Deutfd&Ianb^

ber beften S)id^ter ber ganjen SBelt,

?ieb „^eibenro^Iein'' gebid^tet,

f)at

biefe^

®oetf)e tDurbe

im ^a^vt 1749 in granffurt am 9Wain geboren (gr lebte ift erft im Qai)xe 1832 geftorben*

unb

alfo t)on

1749

3^al^re alt»

bi^

1832 unb tDurbe beina^e 83

S'eber S)eutfd^e fennt ha^ „^eiben==

beginners' GERMAN

@^

ro^Iciti."

cinfad^

ift

75

unb

fcfir

Ici($t

ju

\)tx\ttt)tn.

S)cr grofec beutfc^c 3)id^tcr ©driller

ift setin

Satire

[pater al^ ©oetl^e geboren, tDdl^renb ber grofee

granjofe, 9^apoIeon fpciter

SBann

aU

I. (ber (grfte), stDanjig

3a{)re

®oetf)e jur SBelt fam»

ftnb baf)er ©driller

unb 9tapoIeon

I*

brei beriil^mten

9Wan^

ge^

boren? SJBer

i[t

ber

ciltefie

bon ben

nern? SBer

ber iiingfte?

ift

2Bar ©d^itter

aU

{linger ober alter

SBar 9^apoIeon

L

©oetl^e?

ebenfo alt tDie ©driller?

NOTE

Make

a

list

of all the strong verbs in this lesson.

neununb3ipan3tgfte 2lufgabe $eute

tDerbe id^ ^i^tien eine turje Slnefbote t)ortragen:

©bcltnann unb ©artner Sbelntann befud^te ^(il^renb grower ©ommerf)i^e feinen

(gin

©arten*

(gr ging

S3Iunten

unb ha^

flofe*

©a

fanb er

barin fpajieren unb

9Baffer, ba^ burd^ feinen ^arf, feinen 28alb,

hm

if)n

beiten;

lo^

unb

rief:

bu berbienft

©ctrtner, n)eld^er feinen

einem 93aume

h)artet l^atte, unter

auf

,,©d^urfe!

fd^Iafen,

S)u

©onne

„^(i) tDeife ba6,

mid^ in htn ©d^atten gelegt*"

§errn

nid^t er^

cS^rnig ging er

liegft f)ier, anftatt

nid^t, bafe bid^ bie

©artner anttDortete ru^ig: l^abe id^

befal^ bie t)ielen bliil^enben

befd^eint!"

gu ar5)er

mein ^err; be^l^alb

beginners' GERMAN

76

®te

SScrftcl^en

bte[e Slnefbote?

Q^ntn unbefannt?

SBeld^e SBorter finb

S)cutfd^Ianb

Seute don

unb

iBiirger

f)at

®eburt

l^ol^er

@bcKcutc»

©ic

f)ei6en (Sbelleute*

3^^

Slmerifa gibt e^ feine Sbelleute* 3*>nitg

(irgerlid^

iieifet

unb

ein ©egentetl

ift

bon

ruliig.

Unb

SBo

fiaben

lt)ir

2Bo

l^aben

mir f^tafcn gef)abt?

SBo

bie

JRui^ gelernt?

©ottue unb i^

njctft?

2Bo

tDo ru^tg?

SB lumen?

i^ragen

2Ber befud^tc einmal feinen ®arten,

b.

1^.

trer ging

einmal in feinen ©arten?

3Ba^

tat ber

SSann ging

gbelmann?

er in feinen

©arten?

SBol^in ging er iDcifirenb grower ©ommerl^ifee?

2Bie tdav ber ©arten?

SBa^

befal^ fid^ ber

©belmann?

SBen fanb er?

2Bo

tDar ber ©cirtner?

SBar

er auf einer SBiefe

SBarum

derliefe ber

(meadow)?

gbelmann ha^ §au^?

\

i

SBarurrt ber ©cirtner?

9Ber tdav ber §err?

j

SBeffen ©iener n^ar ber ©cirtner?

2Bem

gef)orte ber

2Ba6 fur

ein

^arf unb

©arten

SBie fprad^ ber

\ioav

atle^

barin?

e^?

Sbelmann

j

feinen

SBol^er toiffen ©ie, bafe ber

©artner an?

§err gornig n)ar?

SBeffen SlnttDort toav ruf)ig? SBieberl^oIen

©ie munblid^

bie

1

ganje ©efd^id^te!

t

|

beginners' GERMAN Sefen

©ie

77

je^t bte Slnefbote!

©d^reiben ©ie ba6 ©tiid an bie Xa^dl

SWorgcn tDerben

Make

tDir ein

©iftat bariiber l^abcn^

the following changes, both orally and

in writing: 1.

Change the

singulars into plurals.

2.

Substitute

other

prepositions

for

those

given. 3.

4. 5.

Change the tenses given into the present. Change the tenses given into the perfect. Change the tenses given into the pluperfect.

6. 7.

Change the tenses given into the future. Use subordinating conjunctions, thereby changing the order of words.

NOTE Declension of the interrogative pronoun.

How

Nominative

tticr

Genitii^e

toeffctt

Dative

hJCttl

Accusative

tnett

do you decline the

tott)^

— —

toa^

relative

pronoun

ber, bie,

ia^?

Observe: f

Sing. G.

m. Sin Sbelmann,

beffen ©cirtncr

fd^Iief,

gtng fpasiercn.

/.

Sine (Sbelfrau, beren ©artner

fd^Itef,

ging fpa^ieren.

n,

®TX graulein,

fd^Iief,

gtng fpagieren.

I

I

pj

.

beffen ©cirtner

G. Sbelleute, beren ©cirtner

D.

(SbeEeute, benen bie

The

relative

pronoun

fd^Iiefen,

©artner

is

gingen fpajieren.

folgten, iDurben

never omitte4 in

German,

gomig.

beginners' GERMAN

78

What

is

the difference in declension between bet,

as definite article

and as

bte,

ia^

pronoun?

relative (demonstrative)

Illustrate.

What

are the

two ways

of introducing subordinate clauses?

Illustrate. If

the conjunction

is

omitted, does the dependent order

remain the same?

What

case

is

used with the preposition toatitcnh?

WORD FORMATION 5D?an

9c{)t

@ang.

cincn

$01an ftngt einen

@^

How

flingt tin

—

9D?an tDtrft cincn SBurf.

—

9D?an trinft eittcn

Tlan

fprid^t einen

— —

.

Of what gender are they?

are these nouns formed?

Dret^tgfte 2lufgabe In giving the principal parts

we must know

the:

i.

(bie

©runbformen) of verbs, 2. Preterit, 3. Past

Present Infinitive,

Participle.

The weak 3.

(regular) verbs are thus given:

i.

lemen,

2.

lemte,

gelemt.

In giving the principal parts of strong verbs, we have to distinguish seven classes of verbs, grouped according to their

root-vowel change (called Ablaut).

Give the principal parts of

all

verbs in sentences in the

third singular present, preterit, (future, and) perfect.

E.g. er finbet ben ©drtner,

er Iduft in ben ©arten,

er fanb ben

®artner,

er lief in ben ®arten,

er iDirb ben

©artner finben,

er tDtrb in ben

er f)at htn

©artner gefunben;

er

ift

in ben

®arten laufen,

©arten gelaufen.

beginners' GERMAN

We

shall classify the strong verbs into

79

one of the following

seven classes: PRETERIT

CLASS INFINITIVE

PAST PARTICIPLE

i(ie)

i(ie)

i

a

u(o)

c

a

5

e

a

e

6

a

u

a

7

a (and other vowels^

ie (i)

a (and other vowels)

1

ci

2

tc

3

4

)

Examples taken from the preceding lessons 1.

fd^rcibcn,

fd^mciQcn, fd^cincn,

biciben, bcifeen, fitcifen,

pfcifcn,

2.

gcfd^ricben,

— — — — —

aebiffcn,

(gcr)fc^neibcn,

fc^nttt,

gefd^nittcn^

vo^,

gerod^en,

flicfeen,

—

.

fd^Iicgen,

— —

— — —

fang,

— — —

gcfunQcn,

bcQinncn^

begann,

bcgonncn.

fprcd^CTi,

fprad^,

gcfprod^n,

fingcn, (Dcr)fd^Iingcn,

finbcn, trinfcn,

4.

— — — m. — —

ried^en,

friercn,

3.

fd^rtcb,

:

ftcrbcn,

brcd^cn, l^clfen,

ftcd^cn,

— — — —

— — —

— — —

—

— beginners' GERMAN

8o neI)Tnen,

nai)m,

genontmen,

tDerben,

(marb)

getDorben.

tDurbe,

(And) 5.

ommen,

fam,

gefommen.

M,

gelefen,

a6,

gegeffen^

to9.

gelegen,

fifeen,

fafe,

gefeffen.

tragcn,

trug,

getragen.

fuf)r (fort),

(fort)gefaf)ren.

f

lefcn,

— —

gebcn. treten, effen,

(And) liegen,

6,

— —

tDafc^en, tDad^fen,

(fort)fa^ren, 7.

I^altcn,

f^tafen,

— —

W% —

gef)alten.

— —

fatten, (t)er)Iaffen,

"

— —

fangen,

ftng,

fieifeen,

f)ie6,

ge{)eifeen,

laufen,

lief,

gelaufen.

rufen,

rtef.

gerufen.

9ct)en,

fiing.

gegangen.

State with each verb where i.e.

— —

it

gefangen.

occurred for the

first

give the sentence, as far as possible.

(a)

Form

sentences of your

own with

the preterit

for the verbs fd)rcibcn to fd^nciben* (b)

Form

sentences with the perfect

for the verbs 6Ict6cn to bcgtnttcn* (c)

Form

sentences in the singular present

for the verbs of classes 4-7.

Give the synopsis of a verb in complete sentences.

time,

beginners' GERMAN

8l

E.g.

— — bu Future — Perfect — Pluperfect — Cond. — Present

id) fd^retbe

Preterit

meine Stufgabe*

f(^rteb[t beine Slufgabe.

er tnirb feine Slufgabe fc^reiben*

I)aben un[ere SlufQaben gefc^rieben^

tt)ir

i^r ()attet eure Slufgaben gefc^rieben*

Perf.

Use as the

fie

form the perfect conditional, and not the scarcely ever used in common speech. scheme, or any variation of it, orally or in last

future perfect, as

Apply

this

.

tDiirben if)re Slufgaben gefd^rieben l^aben.

it is

writing, to all the verbs, omitting

f^cittett, flicfecn, ftcrficn*

€tnunbbrei^tgfte 2lufgabe §eute totvhm

Xitd

flcnbcn

toiv eine

neue ©efd^id^te burd^nel^men, bic

^a^

foftfiarc

Stauttcin

Stod Sjyjcigbe, 3lnna unb 9Kartl^a, gingen nad) nnb iebe trug einen fc^tDcren itorb boll Obft anf 2lnna murrte unb feufjte beftcinbig, fd^erjte, tft

§lnna fagte:

,,SBie

W:axti)a \pxad): ,,®u

unb bu

fiaft rec^t,

fill^Ie id^ fie

bare^ ^rciutlein antn)ortete: ntad^t,

l^etfet

faum," fein,

„©a^

„^i"

®ag mir

unb

.$?orb

i[t

fo f(^tt)er iDte ber

^rautlein gur SSixrbe gelegt,

rief

Slnna, „ba^ mufe ein foft-

bod^, h)te e^

foftbare ^rciutletn,

— ©ebulb."

lac^te

Sein

bift nid^t ftcirfer al^ id)."

mein ^orb

beinige, aber id^ l^abe etn geiDiffe^

ber (Btaht, betn ^opfe>

Waxti)a aber

magft bu nur lad^en?

ia fo fd^mer tnie ber meinige,

balder

fol-

l^at:

^d^t"

ba^ aCe gaften

2)?erfe btr, Slnna,

unb

„?eid^ter tragi, toa^ er aud^ trcigt,

SBer ©ebulb sur iBiirbe

legt''

Wflavti)a letd^ter

benfe baran:

beginners' GERMAN

82

SScrftcficn

®ic

bicfc Slncfbotc?

SBa^ fonncn ®ie

ftatt ^totx StRagbe

fagcn?

2Ba^ fur ein torb ift citi Rovb SBa^ ift abcr cin Obftforb?

tjoll

Obft

griid^tc finb Spfcl,

ift

ba^felbc tok grilci^te.

^flaumcn ufm*

58irnen,

SBo

Obft?

tiabcn n)ir fjriic^te guerft gebabt?

@inb

rcifc

JBeftanbig

J^^^tc meiftcn^ immcr*

obcr fauer?

fiife

f)eifet

2Bic iiberfe^en ©ie

tiur, ja, boci^?

fjragen

2Bie

l^cifet

bie

neuc ©cfd^id^tc?

S)ic neuc ©efc^id^tc l^ei^t

2Ba^

ift

.

.

ber Xitel bcr neuen ©efd^id^te?

S[Bot)on f)oren n)ir in ber

neuen ©efd^ic^te?

SBeld^e neue ©efd^id^te lefen tDir jefet?

SBol^in finb bie TlaQht gegangen?

©ie

— ©tabt

finb in

SBie tdav ber ^orb,

SBaren

bie

^orbe

gegangen.

fc^tt)er

ober leid^t?

gleid^ fd^lrer,

ober

tt)av

ein

^orb

fc^tDerer?

SBar §lnna^ ^orb

fd^iDerer?

fid^

2lnna,

9Bie benal^m

fid^

SWartfia,

Smpfanb

ober

fiif)Ite

(Slnna;^

unb tda^

SBie benal^m

unb toa^

Slnna

=

ber §lnnaO

fagte fie?

bie

fagte fie?

©d^n)ere

Slirbe? SBie

l^eifet

ba^ foftbare ^rautlein?

Semen ®ie ben ©prud^ au^toenbig! 2Bieberf)oIen ©ie nun bie ganje ©efd^id^te! ©d^reiben ©ie biefelbe an bie Safel!

ber

:

beginners' GERMAN Give a synopsis

©el^en

an

really

is

of:

in bic

id^ gel^e f)eutc

©tabt

irregular strong verb, as are

tt)ar

fcin

83

8crt)efen

ftctfen

ftanb

gcftanben

iwx

tat

getatt

Give the principal parts of these four verbs in sentences.

Where

are adverbs of time placed?

Before

How are proper

other adverbial modifiers?

nouns declined?

What can you

say instead of bcr mctnigc and

bet bctntge?

Of what is 5ur a contraction? Give similar cases of contraction.

What

are the principal parts of

Note the

difference

between

l^ciftcn?

^ctften

and the

other verbs with root-vowel -ei-*

Change

all preterits

1. 2.

into

the present tense,

the pluperfect.

whole story by substituting synonyms for as many words and expres-

Rewrite

the

sions as possible.

NOTE Declension Plural

Singular

Nominative bic

ncuc ©efd^id^tc

bic

ncucn ©cfd^td^tcn

Accusative Genitive

ber ncuctt ©efd^id^te

bcr ncuctt ©cfd^id^tcn

Dative

ber ncuen ©cfd^id^tc

ben ncucn ©efd^id^tcn

beginners' GERMAN

84

Decline in the same

way

in sentences:

bic faule 5)Wa9b, biefe grofee

bie flelfeige 9J?agb,

®tabt,

jenc fleine

Why

®tabt,

melc^e fd^mcrc 8aft (33iirbc).

iebe fc^toere ?aft,

should this attributive declension be called weak?

What

is

the difference between

declension of adjectives?

Change

and the

it

so-called strong

Illustrate.

and

in the following, orally

in writing, the plurals

into singulars:

N, G.

Sie faulen SWagbc fttib gu §aufe. Sie 9^amen ber faulen SKcigbe ftnb 2lnna unb

D.

gr

^.

SBir I)aben geftern bic faulen 9}Jagbe in ber ©tabt

9)Jartf)a,

gibt ben faulen SJJagben fein @elb» gefef)en*

^tt)etunbbrei§igfte 2lufgabe

3um S3rot,

griiMtud befommt ba^

am

gefttag aud^

met unb Srot

Xdoiji

au^

bacft ber iBader

ber SKiiller au^ 2Beijen= er t)om 33auer»

®er

©etreibeforner

f)inetn,

ein febr fleine^

fleiner ^etnt,

S)er

5tu^

a«e^t maf)It

unb au^ S^oggenfornd^en; (Sin SBei^en^

®ing, nod&

btefe fauft

unb 9?oggenfornc^en

fleiner al^ ber 5RageI ant

ift t^etfee^ 9D?ef)I,

(S^

]^at

etne

bilnne,

unb in bem Wt\)l

ber nid^t grower

mit SSurjeIn unb

ber Sfire btlben

®em^

^uc^en,

®a^

ift

aU

S3Iattern, oben

ftd^ toieber Diele

trodene

liegt ein

iS^inb

ift

fleinen

gang

ein ©tedfnabelfopf,

^eim fd^Icift im ©etreibeforn tok ba6 fleine bem fleinen ^orn ertndc^ft aber ein §alm,

50Jann, unten

3n

2)?e^I.

33auer bebaut ha^ gelb unb fat bie fletnen

ginger eine^ fleinen ^inbe^» ©d^ate; innen

^inb ©emmel unb

beutfd^e

ein ©tilrf .Sluc^en.

tm

—

iBett,

fo l^od^ trie ein

mtt

etner Sl^re.

neue ©etreibeforner,

2lu^

beginners' GERMAN bem bielc

©acf

Sauer

einen ^ornd^en, ha^ bet

getDorben, Did Tnef)r al6 ein t)o{I

bringt er

im

in bie (grbe Icgt, ftnb ifirer

^inb ginger ^at au^,

griil^iafir

—

^erbfte toieber nad^ ^aufe,

bie SSogel, bie bie fleinen

im

fat ber S3auer

§enne,

®an^,

bie

85

Sinen

©tide dolt

t)iele

S)ic Siere,

j.

i8.

unb ba^ ^ferb, freffen Heinen Corner emal^ren

bie ^ul^

©etreibefomer gem*

S)ie

unb ^onige*

auc^ grofee Seute, felbft ^aifer

^a^ $. SSagner.

©ie nid^t?

SBeld^e SBorter tierftelien

^a§ SBa^ 2)ic

ba^

fjrittiftud ift ift

erfte (gffen frilf)

am 90^orgen.

ba^ 2)?ittage[fen? ba^ 3lbenbe[fen?

Semmel

ein 53rotd^en»

ift

2Ba^

ift

ein

S&vbU

c^en? 2)ie

SBurjetn eine^ iBaume^ finb in ber @rbe,

2)ie SJijgel fliegen in ber 8uft; bie

bem

auf

2Ba6

ifet

SBorau^ iffio^er

®an^

fd^n)immt

SBaffer*

ha^ beutfd^e ^inb iDirb

ba^

tctglid^e

gum

grilMtild?

33rot gemac^t?

fommt ba^ 9We^I?

grjci^Ien

©ie ha^ gange ©tild nod^ einmal!

gefen ©ie e^ nun!

©d^rei6en ©ie e^

Semen ®te

jie^t

an

bie SBanbtafel!

aui^ttienbig:

S)er

ganbmann

3)a^

^om

3um Unb ©er Unb

filr

mW ^nb

^orn

gebrad^t

barau^ gemad^t.

nimmt

ba^ 9Wel^I in^ iBrot barau^*

^inber

9tot

iSrot.

im Ofen

S3(idfer

bddft

mit

tctglid^

adulter iDirb ba^

feine^ SJJel^I

®ie abutter S)ie

pflangt

unfer

ftreid^t bie

^au^

S3utter brauf,

effen atte^ auf*

beginners' GERMAN

86

NOTE Declension Singular

Plural

Nominative Accusative

ba^ Heine tinb

bie

Meinen Sinber

Genitive

be^ fleinen ^inbe^

ber fleinen finber

Dative

bem

htn fleinen ilinbem

fleinen

^inb

Decline similarly in sentences: ba^ Qtofee 'tid^

^om,

biefe^ iDei^e 2)?ef)I,

fleine S3Iatt,

iene^ fd^marse

©ing,

iebe^ alte Jier,

meld^e^ iunge ^ferb»

SBa^ tut ber

mdtx?

2Ba6 tut ber

gWiiller?

Unb

©r ma^It

U^ mt%

2)er SWaler malt ba^ Silb.

ber arjaler?

9Ba6 tut ber iBauer? 9Bie nennt

9Ba^ tut

SBa^

man

feine

grau?

ein 8ef)rer ober eine ?e]^rerin?

ein ©d^reiber? ©id^ter? ©d^neiber? Jifd^Ier?

S)er aWann, ber ^ilte mad^t,

SBa^

fiir

ein

9Kann

ift

ift

ein

^utmad^er^

ein ©d^ufimad^er? ein Uf)r^

madder?

©in Ul^nnad^er mad^t Uf)ren in ber

U]&rmad^er==

njerfftatte.

2Bir nennen

bic

iJBerfftcitte

cine^

33fidfer^

eine

iBadferei, iffia^ ift eine Xifd^Ierei?

WORD FORMATION What

kind of nouns does the nominal suffix -er form, exOf what gender are these nouns?

pressing what?

beginners' GERMAN

What can you

87

say of the force of the noun-suffix

-itt

Of what gender are these nouns? How about the suffix -ci? Of what gender? Make a list of the feminine nouns with the suffixes:

(Plural -inncn)?

-ci, -i}dt, -tdt,

-in, -fd^aft, -ung, -ic, -if, -ion.

Of what origin are the last three? What neuter suffixes have we had? Give examples. How do you translate biefcr and jctict? Is there any difference in English between the use of latter and the former?

the

Dretunbbrei^tgfte 2lufgabe Sic bcutfi^c SaifcrfamiKc ^atfer 9BiIf)eIm

am 22.

9. 9Karj 9)?cirj

I. (ber grfte) tft fe^r alt

1888

ftarb, h)ar er fa[t

1797 gcborcn

91

?iac^

iDurbc.

§o]^enjoIIcrn=,Slaifer^ bcfticg bcr franfc

%U

^aifer

fiiefe

,,Unfern

%xx%"

Salter tat c^

faf)

1888

l^at

Sfirone gefefien.

am

STobc bc^ crftcn

^ronprinj ben Sl^ron. (Sr Xoox ber

9Wan nannte if)n iiberall nur bcm SBoIfc fo leib, ha'ii bem

bem

[tarb er

am

15. -^uni 1888.

alfo

— ^n bem^

ber erfte beutfd^e ^atfer geftorben Xoox,

S)entfd^Ianb aud^ ben jtDeiten ^aifer in^

3af)r

2H^ cr

ha cr

^aifer cine fo furje SJegiemng befc^ieben Xoax.

©d^on nac^ 99 Jagen felben S'afire, in

bcm

er griebric^ III. (ber S)ritte).

Siebling be^ beutfd^en S3oHe^.

gnjeiten beutfd^en

gclDorbcn.

^(i))xt alt,

brei

beutfd^e

@rab finfen. !Da^ bem beutfd^en

^aifer auf

S)er britte beutfd^e ^aifer

ift

SSil^clm II.

beginners' GERMAN

88 (gr

gr

unb

regiert feit bent 15.

ift

ber iefeige ^aifer

ift

ber ©of)n griebrtdf)^ III.

mmm^ L geboren. l^ol^en

tdfer

(be^g

3uni 1888.

©ritten) unb ber gnfel

SSilfielm II. Innrbe

am

27. .^anuar 1859

S)ie beutfc^e ^aiferin f)ei6t Slngufte SSiftoria.

J)ie

(gitem l^aben fieben ^inber, nantlid^ fec^^ ^rinjen unb S)er ditefte ^rtnj

eine ^rinjefftn.

aSil^elm.

@r

U)urbe

ift

ber ^ronprinj 5riebri(^

1882 geboren.

??tagett

SBie

ber erfte beutfci^e ^aifer,

f)ie^

unb

toic

alt

n)urbe er?

9Ber tarn nad) bent Sobe be^ erften beutfd^en ^ai= Xi)von?

fer^ auf ben

SBeffen Siebling inar griebrid^ III.?

9Bar benx

jlneiten beutfd^en ^aifer ein lange^

2thtn

befd^ieben?

^n

tneld^ent ^ai)vt fafien bie 3)eutf(^en aud^

gtneiten ^aifer in^

28ie

®rab

^aifer iDaren alfo

biele

btn

finfen?

im

^ai)ve

1888 auf

bent 2f)ron?

9Bie nannte ba^ SSoIf ben franfen ^^fiebrid^ III.? aSeld^en ^aifer f)aben bie ©eutfd^en jefet? SBie alt ift

er?

SBie biele ^inber

f)at

ba^ je^ige ^aiferpaar 0)abtn

bie ie^igen ^ol^engoltern) ?

SBieberl^oIen ©ie, tna^

©ie bon ben

beutfd^en ^ai^

fern gel^ort fiaben!

©eben @ie Sefen ©ie

bie

Seamen ber

nun ba^

erften ^aifer an!

?efeftiidf!

©d^reiben ©ie e^ je^t an bie Jafel ober id^ U)erbe

e^ 3^f)nen

langfam

biftieren.

t)ielnte]&r:

beginners' GERMAN

89

S)a^ befannte beutfd^e S^attonaltieb

ift:

^cil bir im ©icgerfrans! S)ic crftc

©trop^e badon

lautet:

im ©iegerfranj,

^eil bir

^errfd^er be^ SSaterlanb^! ^eit, ^aifer, bir! giif)I

©ie

J^rone^ ©lani

in be^

l^ol^c

iffionne ganj:

Siebling be^ S?oIf^ ju fein! §eit, ^aifer, bir!

©ie

iDcrben biefe erfte ©tropl^e au^tDcnbig lemcn!

^e^t

iDoIIen iDir

©ie fennen oj Thee

fie

bod^ bie

nnb

G(?rf

fingen!

Tldohk save the

Don: iify Country H is

King?

Sllte brei 5yiationalf)t)mnen 1;)Cihm biefelbe 9JJeIobie»

©ie

t)erftef)en

bod^ alle^?

2Ba^

fiir

ein

^ranj

2Ba^

filr

ein

8anb

Sin giebKng SBa^

ift

ift

i[t

ift

ber ©iegerfranj?

ha^ SSaterlanb?

einer, ber geliebt toirb.

ein 8ef)rling?

NOTE Declension Singular

Plural

Nom,

ber beutfc^e ^aifer

bie beutfd^en ^atfer

Gen,

be^ beutfd^en ^aifer^

ber beutfc^en ^aifer

Dat.

bem

btn beutfd^en ^aifern

Ace,

ben beutfd^en ^aifer

beutfd^en Saifer

bie beutfd^en ^aifer

Decline likewise, always in sentences, as oral and as written work:

beginners' GERMAN

90

bcr txante Sronpring,

The

bcrfelbc Scl^rer,

bicfcr grofec Sicbling,

bcrjicnigc ©driller,

icncr mad^tigc 2^^ron,

ber tneiniQC [®of)n].

when preceded by the what ending?

adjective,

cally always

What

case

is

has practi-

article,

excepted with masculine nouns?

With feminine and neuter nouns,

of

course,

what two

cases are excepted?

WORD FORMATION SBritberHd^

What

is

fieifet tDic

cin 93ruber ober gleid^ cinem S3rubcr.

the force of the adjective-suffix -lid^ in

elterlid^,

prinalid^, fd^mcfterlid^, mttttnlid^, n)ctblid^?

Dterunbbret^tgjlc ^lufgabe

^a^ @cit 1871,

fcit

S)cutf^c SRcid^

bem ^riegc mit

granfrcid^,

cin miid^tigc^, einige^ Scutfci^e^ dtdd). fcl^r grofe,

obmot)! grower

hod) bic SScrclnigten

aU

ift

ni(|t

(Snglanb obcr granfrcic^*

^e^

©taaten Don 9iorbamerifa

finb

14^ mal grower al^ ba^ J)eutf(^e dldi).

lanb

\)at

ungcfal^r

bie SScreinigten fecn ift

©cutfd^er ^aifcr. gctocil^It, b»

tt)'di)ltt

man

lid^,

68 9KiIUonen

©taatcn*

immer

1^,

cinen ncuen^

bcm Sobe ^ti}t

f)tntcr ftd^*

bc^ 9?ci(^c^ int SScrfc{)r mit obcrftc ^ricg^ficrr

unb

Slber ^tut^d)-

f foDiel tnic J)er iebe^maligc ^onig t)on ^reu^

griifier trurben bie

nad)

of)ne Slla^fa

(SintDoI)ncr, alfo

ift

S)cr l^cutigc ©cutfc^c ^aifer

©cutfd^cn 9tei(^e^

beftel^t n)iebcr

©cutfd^Ianb

bic

^aifcmiirbc aber

f)at bic 9)?a(^t

S)er ^aifer

bcm

©eutfc^en ^aifer

ctne^ !Dcutfd^en ^aifer^

Slu^Ianb.

S3cfc{)I^f)abcr bcr

ift

erb==

ctnc6 cinigen

bcr SScrtrctcr

@r

ift

auc^ bcr

Slrmce unb glottc.

1

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

9

Slber er l^at nid^t n)ie bcr ^riifibetit bcr SJercimgtcn

ha^

©taaten

Sied^t, ein SSeto einjulegen*

©a^

©eutfc^c

dtd^

au6 26 cinjclnen ©taaten;

beftet)t

t)tcr

baDon finb ^ontgreid^e, ncimlic^ ^reufeen, S3at)em, ©ac^fen

26 ©taaten fcnben 58 SScrtretcr, emannt tDcrben, tiad^ Berlin, ber J)ie 58 SSertreter ^auptftabt ^reufeen^ unb be^ dld6)t^. bilben jufammcn ben SBunbe^tat unter bent SSorfi^e be^ 5Keic^^== ge^terer tnirb t)om ^aifer ernannt* fanjler^^ ®ie S3urger int ganjen 3)eutf(^en 9tetd^ h)a]^Ien 397 Slbgeorbnete in hm SRcid^^tag, ber ebenfatt^ in ^Berlin gufammenf omntt* Sllte S3ur^ ger, bie iiber 25 ^ai)vc alt [inb, ertDaf)Ien biefe 9KitgIieber be^ unb SSlirttemberg, bie t)on

Steic^^tage^ auf

rat

S)iefc

ben Sanbe^fiirften

nnb ber

5 ^af)vt, in gelieimer SBaf)L

9ieic^^tag ntac^en ©efefee

be^ Seutfd^en 9ieid^e^ 3)ic grofeten

Berlin:

unb

S3at)ern), Seipjig

fen^),

am

ber (gibe,

in ©ad^fen,

^oln (Soln)

am

ftellen

ba^ 93ubget

feft.

tDid^tigften

Hamburg an

unb

S)er S3unbe^^

©tabte S)eutfd^Ianb^ finb nad^

Mm^en

©re^ben

(bie

(bie

^auptftabt t)on

^auptftabt (Ba^^

dl^dn, S3re^Iau an ber Ober, grantfurt

9Wain, ^annot)er, SSremen an ber SBefer* Slad^t. SB crn^Ioh).

fjtagctt

©eit tDeld^em ^al^re

beftefjt

ein neue^ S)eutfd^e^

dtd(i)?

9^ad& iDeld^em ^riege tdav

^aben ©ie

fd^on

tjon

ba^?

bem

beutfd^^frangofifd^en

^rieg gel^ort? SBie t)ielmal grower finb bie 93ereinigten ©taaten alg J)eutfd^Ianb?

9Bie

ift

SBie

fam man

bie beutfd^e ^aifertDurbe {efet? frill^er

ju einem ^aifer?

beginners' GERMAN

92

SBeld^c^ [inb bie JRcd^tc be^ ©eutfc^en ^atfer^?

2Bie

t)iele

©taaten

9tennen ©ie

gibt e^

tm ©eutfd^en

bie brei grofeten

8?eid&?

©taaten mit

ifiren

^auptftabten!

3eigen ©ie 2Bie

t)iele

©inb SBer

©tabte auf ber Cartel

biefe

55ertreter bilben ben iBunbe^rat?

ober ernannt?

fie gett)df)It i[t

ber S3orfi^er be^ iBunbe^rat^?

SBie biele 9KitgIieber be^ 9iei(^^tag6 gibt e^?

SBerben

biefe gett)af)lt?