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A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology Edgar F. Harden

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromso - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-15

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology

10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden

Author

Chronologies

General Editor: N o r m a n Page, Emeritus Professor of Modern English Literature, University of Nottingham

Gordon Campbell A MILTON CHRONOLOGY Martin Garrett A BROWNING CHRONOLOGY: ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING AND ROBERT BROWNING A MARY SHELLEY CHRONOLOGY A. M. Gibbs A BERNARD SHAW CHRONOLOGY J. R. H a m m o n d A ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON CHRONOLOGY AN EDGAR ALLAN POE CHRONOLOGY AN H. G. WELLS CHRONOLOGY A GEORGE ORWELL CHRONOLOGY Edgar F. Harden A WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY CHRONOLOGY J o h n McDermott A HOPKINS CHRONOLOGY Norman Page AN EVELYN WAUGH CHRONOLOGY AN OSCAR WILDE CHRONOLOGY Peter Preston A D. H. LAWRENCE CHRONOLOGY

Author Chronologies Series Series Standing Order ISBN 0-333-71484-9 (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England



Published titles include: J. L. Bradley A RUSKIN CHRONOLOGY

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromso - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-15

Edgar R Harden


© Edgar F. Harden 2003

No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin's Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1-4039-0301-8 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Harden, Edgar F. A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology / Edgar F. Harden. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p.) and index. ISBN 1-4039-0301-8 I.Thackeray,William Makepeace, 1811-1863—Chronology. 2. Novelists, English—19th century—Chronology. I. Title. II. Series. PR5631.H37 2003 823'.8—dc21 2002044806 10 12

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Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham and Eastbourne



All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission.


For my son, Edgar




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General Editor's Preface

ix

Acknowledgmen ts

xi

List of Abbreviations

xii

Introduction

xvii

Ancestry and Family

1

Chronology

5

A Thackeray Who's Who

356

Index

369

vii 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


Contents




Most biographies are ill adapted to serve as works of reference — not surprisingly so, since the biographer is likely to regard his function as the devising of a continuous and readable narrative, with excursions into interpretation and speculation, rather than a bald recital of facts. There are times, however, when anyone reading for business or pleasure needs to check a point quickly or to obtain a rapid overview of part of an author's life or career; and at such moments turning over the pages of a biography can be a time-consuming and frustrating occupation. The present series of volumes aims at providing a means whereby the chronological facts of an author's life and career, rather than needing to be prised out of the narrative in which they are (if they appear at all) securely embedded, can be seen at a glance. Moreover whereas biographies are often, and quite understandably, vague over matters of fact (since it makes for tediousness to be forever enumerating details of dates and places), a chronology can be precise whenever it is possible to be precise. Thanks to the survival, sometimes in very large quantities, of letters, diaries, notebooks and other documents, as well as to thoroughly researched biographies and bibliographies, this material now exists in abundance for many major authors. In the case of, for example, Dickens, we can often ascertain what he was doing in each month and week, and almost on each day, of his prodigiously active working life; and the student of, say, David Copperfield is likely to find it fascinating as well as useful to know just when Dickens was at work on each part of that novel, what other literary enterprises he was engaged in at the same time, whom he was meeting, what places he was visiting, and what were the relevant circumstances of his personal and professional life. Such a chronology is not, of course, a substitute for a biography; but its arrangement, in combination with its index, makes it a much more convenient tool for this kind of purpose; and it may be acceptable as a form of 'alternative' biography, with its own distinct advantages as well as its obvious limitations. Since information relating to an author's early years is usually scanty and chronologically imprecise, the opening section of some volumes in this series groups together the years of childhood and adolescence. Thereafter each year, and usually each month, is dealt with separately. Information not readily assignable to a specific month or day is given as a general note under the relevant ix 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden




year or month. The first entry for each month carries an indication of the day of the week, so that when necessary this can be readily calculated for other dates. Each volume also contains a bibliography of the principal sources of information. In the chronology itself, the sources of many of the more specific items, including quotations, are identified, in order that the reader who wishes to do so may consult the original contexts. NORMAN PAGE



x

Any scholar attempting to articulate the details of Thackeray's life and his extensive publications must inevitably be thankful for the magnificent scholarship of the late Gordon N. Ray, who has given us a great inheritance. Another major source for this Chronology is my Checklist of Contributions by William Makepeace Thackeray to Newspapers, Periodicals, Books, and Serial Part Issues, 1828-1864, No. 68 in the Monograph Series, English Literary Studies, which I have assimilated into this publication. Stuggling as one does with the mechanical devices of preparing a text for publication today, one also offers very grateful thanks for being led through these jungles—as always to Anita Mahoney of the Dean of Arts office, Simon Fraser University. I should also like to express my gratitude for the editorial helpfulness of Rebecca Mashayekh.

XI



Acknowledgments

Adams

Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams (New York: Modern Library, 1931)

Baxter

Thackeray's Letters to an American Family, introd. Lucy Baxter (New York: Century, 1904)

Bedingfield

Richard Bedingfield, "Recollections of Thackeray," CasseWs Magazine, N. S. 2 (1870): 12-14, 28-30, 72-75, 108-10, 134-36, 230-32

Bio. Works

The Works of William Makepeace Thackeray With Biographical Introductions by His Daughter, Anne Ritchie, 13 vols. (London: Smith, Elder, 1907)

Boyes

John F. Boyes, "A Memorial of Thackeray's SchoolDays," The Cornhill Magazine, 40 (1865): 118-28

Brown 1

"Thackeray," The North British Review, 40 (1864): 210-65

Brown 2

Recollections of Dr. John Brown, ed. Alexander Peddie (London: Percival, 1930)

Carlyle

Letters of Thomas Carlyle to his Youngest Sister, ed. Charles Townsend Copeland (London: Chapman and Hall, 1899)

Cen. Works

The Centenary Biographical Edition of the Works of William Makepeace Thackeray, 26 vols. (London: Smith, Elder, 1910-11)

Chapters

Anne Thackeray Ritchie, Chapters from Some Memoirs (London and New York: Macmillan, 1894)

"Chronicle"

William Makepeace Thackeray: Contributions to the "Morning Chronicle," ed. Gordon N. Ray. (Urbana and London: University of Illinois Press, 1955)

xii 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden




xi i i

Cole

Sir Henry Cole, Fifty Years of Public Work, 2 vols. (London: George Bell, 1884)

Crowe 1

Eyre Crowe, With Thackeray in America Paris, and Melbourne: Cassell, 1893)

Crowe 2

Eyre Crowe, Thackeray's Haunts and Homes (New York: Scribner, 1897)

Daughter

Thackeray and His Daughter. The Letters and Journals of Anne Thackeray Ritchie, With Many Letters of William Makepeace Thackeray (New York and London: Harper, 1924)

Dexter

The Letters of Dickens, ed. W. Dexter, 3 vols. (London: Nonesuch, 1938)

Elwin

Whitwell Elwin, Some Eighteenth Century Men of Letters, 2 vols. (London: John Murray, 1902)

FitzGerald

The Letters of Edward FitzGerald, ed. Alfred and Annabelle Terhune, 3 vols. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980)

Guivarc'h

Jean Guivarc'h, "Deux journalistes anglais de Paris en 1835 (George W. M. Reynolds et W. M. T.)," Etudes Anglaises, 28 (1975): 203-12

Gulliver

Harold S. Gulliver, Thackeray's Literary Apprenticeship (Valdosto, Georgia: Southern Stationery and Printing Co., 1934)

Hannay

James Hannay, A Brief Memoir of the Late Mr. Thackeray (Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1864)

Harden 1, 2

The Letters and Private Papers of William Makepeace Thackeray. A Supplement, ed. Edgar F. Harden, 2 vols. (New York and London: Garland, 1994)

Hobhouse

John Cam Hobhouse, Lord Broughton, Recollections of a Long Life, 6 vols. (London: John Murray, 190911)



(London,


Hodder

George Hodder, Memories of My Time (London: Tinsley, 1870)

Huxley

Leonard Huxley, The House of Smith, (London: privately printed, 1923)

Kemble

Fanny Kemble Butler, Records of Later Li fe, 3 vols. (London: Bentley, 1882)

M&M

Herman Merivale and Frank T. Marzials, Life of W. M. Thackeray (London: Scott, 1891)

"Melville"

"Lewis Melville" [L. S. Benjamin], William Makepeace Thackeray, 2 vols. (London: John Lane, 1910)

Miscellanies

W. M. Thackeray, Miscellanies. 4 vols. (London: Bradbury and Evans, 1855-57)

Pacey

W. C. Desmond Pacey, "A Probable Addition to the Thackeray Canon," PMLA, 60 (1945): 606-11

Preface

W. M. Thackeray, "Author's Preface," Mr. Brown's Letters to a Young Man About Town; with The Proser and Other Papers (New York: Appleton, 1853)

"Punch"

Gordon N. Ray, "Thackeray and 'Punch': 44 Newly Identified Contributions," The Times Literary Supplement, 1 Jan. 1949, p. 16

Elder

Ray 1, 2, 3, 4 The Letters and Private Papers of William Makepeace Thackeray, ed. Gordon N. Ray, 4 vols. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1945-46) Ray 5

Gordon N. Ray, Thackeray. The Uses of Adversity, 1811-1846 (New York, Toronto, and London: McGraw-Hill, 1955)

Ray 6

Gordon N. Ray, Thackeray. The Age of Wisdom, 1847-1863 (New York, Toronto, and London: McGraw-Hill, 1958)



xiv


xv

Shillingsburg Peter L. Shillingsburg, Pegasus in Harness. Victorian Publishing and W. M. Thackeray (Charlottesburg and London: University Press of Virginia, 1992) Smith

George Smith, "Our Birth and Parentage," Cornhill Magazine, N. S. 10 (1901): 4-17

Spielmann

M. H. Spielmann, The Hitherto Unidentified Contributions ofW. M. Thackeray to "Punch" (New York and London: Harper & Brothers, 1900)

Stokes

Geoffrey C. Stokes, "Thackeray as Historian: Two Newly Identified Contributions to Fraser's Magazine." Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 22 (196768): 281-88

Story

Henry James, William Wetmore Story and His Friends, 2 vols. (London: Thames and Hudson, 1903)

Summerfield

Henry Summerfield, "Six Newly Discovered Articles by Thackeray," Journal of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, 12 (1963): 43-51; reprinted as "Letters from a Club Arm-Chair: William Makepeace Thackeray," NineteenthCentury Fiction, 18 (1963-64): 205-233

Van Duzer

Henry Sayre Van Duzer, A Thackeray Library (New York: privately printed, 1919)

Wellesley

The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824-1900, ed. Walter E. Houghton, et al, 5 vols. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966-89)

White

Edward M. White, "Thackeray's Contributions to Fraser's Magazine," Studies in Bibliography, 19 (1966): 67-84



T. Weymyss Reid, ed., The Life, Letters, and Friendships of Richard Monckton Milnes, 2 vols. (London: Cassell, 1890)

Reid


Wilson

James Grant Wilson, Thackeray in the United States 1852-3, 1855-6, 2 vols. (New York: Dodd Mead, 1904)

Works

The Oxford Thackeray, ed. George Saintsbury, 17 vols. (London, New York, and Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1908)

Wright

W. A. Wright, The Letters and Literary Remains of Edward FitzGerald, 7 vols. (London: and New York: Macmillan, 1889)

Yesterdays

James T. Fields, Yesterdays With Authors (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1883)



xvi

One welcomes the opportunity to present a chronology such as this, offering as it does a format for an intense articulation of Thackeray's biographical experiences, which are presented amid the detailed unfolding of his imaginative writing, and set in the larger context of historical developments that impinged on his life. The range of his experiences with other human beings is immense. The intensity of his efforts to honor them and himself is constantly evident, and his endless efforts to express his joyful and tragic experiences compel repeated admiration. More mundanely, we become witnesses of his day-to-day struggles with financial necessity, and of his insistence on partaking of the abundant pleasures of life, both while enduring penury and after being rewarded.

xvii 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


Introduction




The Thackerays For generations The Thackerays were farmers in the West Riding of Yorkshire near the village of Hampsthwaite. The first Thackeray to leave the area was Elias (d. 1737), who was admitted as a scholarship student to Christ's College, Cambridge in 1682. His nephew, Thomas (1693-1760), was admitted to Eton in 1706 and matriculated in 1712 at King's College, Cambridge. He took his B. A. in 1715, and went on to earn his M. A. and Bachelor of Divinity while serving at Eton as Assistant Master. In 1728 he withdrew from Eton, having been given the rectories of Heydon and Chisall Parva in Essex, and in the following year married Ann Woodward (1709-97). In 1746 he became Headmaster of Harrow School, where he served until shortly before his death, receiving additional honors—notably in 1753, when he was made Archdeacon of Surrey. [Ray 5: 21-23] His son, William Makepeace Thackeray (1749-1813), joined the East India Company and in 1766 was sent to India, where he accumulated a small fortune and where in 1776 he married Amelia Richmond Webb (1757-1810). They returned to England in the following year, settling in Middlesex, ultimately at Hadley Green. His son, Richmond Makepeace Thackeray (17811815), attended Eton before joining the East India Company and setting out for India in 1798. He prospered in the service of the Company and fathered an illegitimate daughter, Sarah Redfield, later Blechynden (1804-41), before marrying Anne Becher (17921864), mother of the novelist. [Ray 5: 24, 37-42, 49-52] The Bechers Anne Becher's grandfather, Capt. John Becher (b. 1736) of the Royal Navy and his wife, Anne Fleyeham (1737-1825), settled at 1 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


Ancestry and Family


Fareham, Hampshire. Their eldest son, John Harman Becher (1764-1800), was an East India Company official who married Harriet Cowper (d. 1847), the novelist's "G M," in Calcutta in 1786. Their daughter, Anne, born in India, grew up in Fareham under the care of her grandparents, Capt. and Mrs. John Becher. In 1806, Anne's widowed mother married Capt. Edward Butler (d. 1819). The following year she and her husband visited England, and in 1808, her daughter, Anne Becher, met Lt. Henry Carmichael-Smyth (1780-1861), on leave from the Bengal Engineers, and they fell in love. Mrs. Becher, however, opposed their marriage and told her that Lt Carmichael-Smyth had died of a sudden fever. Mrs. Becher and Mrs. Butler agreed to send Anne and her sister, Harriet, accompanied by the Butlers, to India to find suitable husbands. There on 16 February 1810 Harriet married Capt. Allan Graham, and on 13 October 1810 Anne married Richmond Thackeray, and there their son was born on 18 July 1811. [Ray 5: 52-59]

The Ritchies John Ritchie (d. 1849), a Scotsman, came to London to establish a branch of a family firm. In 1815 he married a sister of Thackeray's father, Charlotte Thackeray (1786-1854). Young Thackeray, following his arrival in England from India in June 1817, made his home with them until the arrival of his mother and step-father in July 1819. When they moved to Addiscombe for a year and a half (1822-24), where his step-father had taken a position, Thackeray came to the Ritchies on visits while attending Charterhouse. After 1830, the Ritchies lived chiefly in Paris, where Thackeray often visited them during his residence thereeven spending part of his honeymoon with them at their summer home near Paris. Over the years Thackeray repeatedly visited them with his daughters during his stays in Paris.

The Shawes Isabella Gethin Thackeray's grandfather, Matthew Shawe (d. 1796), born in Ireland, saw considerable service as a military officer in India and on the Iberian Peninsula. Shortly after marrying Isabella Gethin Creagh in Ireland late in 1813, he was again ordered abroad. Their second child, Isabella Gethin Shawe, was born in India and lived there until the death of her father in



2

Ancestry and Family

3


1826, after which her mother took her, her three brothers, and a sister, Jane, to Paris, where they could live more cheaply than in Britain. [Ray 5: 177-82]






Chronology





1749-92

7

June 20 (Wed)

Birth of Thackeray's grandfather, William Makepeace Thackeray, fifth child of Archdeacon Thomas Thackeray and his wife, the former Ann Woodward, at Harrow. [Ray 5: 24, 506] 1757 Birth of Thackeray's grandmother, Amelia Richmond Webb, second daughter of Lt. Col. Richmond Webb, in England. [Ray 5: 37-38] 1776

January 31 (Mon) Marriage of William Makepeace Thackeray and Amelia Richmond Webb in Calcutta. [Ray 5: 37] 1780 Birth of Henry Carmichael-Smyth, Thackeray's future step-father, in England. [Ray 5: 57] 1781 November 10 (Thu) Birth of William Makepeace Thackeray's father, Richmond Makepeace Thackeray, second child of William Makepeace Thackeray and Amelia Richmond Webb, in Hadley, near London. [Ray 5: 42] 1792 October 13 (Thu)

Birth of William Makepeace Thackeray's mother, Anne Becher, third child of John Harman Becher and the former Harriet Cowper, in India. She is soon sent to Fareham, near Southampton, to be raised by grandparents. [Ray 5: 54]



1749

8

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology 1808 Lt. Henry Carmichael-Smyth returns to England from India and meets Thackeray's mother, Anne Becher, his future wife, in Bath. They fall in love but are separated by her grandmother, Mrs. John Becher, who considers him ineligible. Mrs. Becher later tells Anne that he has died of a fever. The family subsequently decides that she will be sent to India, where she can make a more appropriate marriage. [Ray 5: 57-58] 1809

April 25 (Tue)

Anne Becher and relatives embark for India on the Earl Howe and disembark at Calcutta on 24 October. [Ray 5: 58-59] 1810

October 13 (Sat)

Marriage of Richmond Makepeace Thackeray and Anne Becher in Calcutta. [Ray 5: 52] 1811

July 18 (Thu)

Birth of William Makepeace Thackeray, only child of Richmond Makepeace Thackeray and Anne Becher, in Calcutta. [Ray 5: 60] 1812 Capt. Henry Carmichael-Smyth, meets Richmond Thackeray, is invited to dinner, sees Anne, and both learn of her grandmother's deception. The Capt. soon returns to duty at Agra. [Ray 5: 62-63] 1815

June 18 (Sun)

Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo and later sent into exile on St. Helena in the south Atlantic Ocean.



Spring

1811-63

9

September 1 (Fri) Birth in Calcutta of Mary Graham, daughter of Capt. Allan Graham and the former Harriet Becher, sister of Anne. [Ray 5: 73] Death of Richmond Makepeace Thackeray in Calcutta. [Ray 5: 63] 1816 June 7 (Fri)

Death of Capt. Alan Graham. Mary is sent to Graham relatives at Harwich. [Ray 5: 72-73]

December 5 (Thu) Birth of Thackeray's wife, Isabella Gethin Shawe, second child of Lt. Col. Matthew Shawe and the former Isabella Creagh, in India. [Ray 5: 179] 17

Thackeray embarks from Calcutta for England on the Prince Regent with his cousin, Richmond Shakespear [Ray 5: 65]. Over 35 years later the experience is reflected in The Newcomes: "What a strange pathos seems to me to accompany all our Indian story!.. . The lords of the subject province find wives there: but their children cannot live on the soil. The parents bring their children to the shore, and part from them. The family must be broken up. Keep the flowers of your home beyond a certain time, and the sickening buds wither and die. In America it is from the breast of a poor slave that a child is taken: in India it is from the wife, and from under the palace, of a splendid proconsul." [Works 14: 66] 1817

March 8 (Sat)

The Prince Regent stops at St. Helena [Ray 5: 66], where Thackeray has the following experience: "I came from India as a child, and our ship touched at an island on the way home, where my black servant took me a long walk over rocks and hills until we reached a garden, where we saw a man walking. That is he,' said the black man: 'that is Bonaparte! He eats three sheep



13

10


13

Marriage of Anne Becher Thackeray to Capt. Henry Carmichael-Smyth in Cawnpore, India. [Ray 5: 72]

4 (Sun)

Thackeray disembarks at Weymouth, England, and is taken to his aunt and uncle, Charlotte Thackeray Ritchie and John Ritchie, in London. [Ray 5: 66]

autumn Thackeray and his cousin, Richmond Shakespear, are sent to a private school in Southampton, run by a Mr. and Mrs. Arthur, where he is very unhappy with schoolmaster bullying: "We Indian children were consigned to a school of which our deluded parents had heard a favourable report, but which was governed by a horrible little tyrant, who made our young lives so miserable that I remember kneeling by my little bed of a night, and saying, 'Pray God, I may dream of my mother!"' ["On Lett's Diary," Works 17: 553-54; Ray 5:70] 1818 summer Thackeray vacations with his relatives, the Becher family, in Fareham, near Southampton. [Ray 5: 70] June 11 (Thu)

From Fareham Thackeray writes to his mother in Agra: "My dearest of all dear Mamas I have much pleasure in writing to you again from Fareham to tell how happy I am. I went to Roche Court to see Mr & Mrs Thresher. I saw a birds nest with young ones in it in a beautiful Honeysuckle bush, and a Robbins in another place. This has been Neptune day with me I call it so beca[u]se I go into the water & am like Neptune Your old acquaintances are very kind to me & give me a great many Cakes, & great many Kisses but I do not let Charles Becher kiss me I only take those from the Ladies. I dont have many from Grandmama. Miss English gives her very kind love to



every day, and all the little children he can lay hands on!'" ["George the Third," Works 13: 753]

11

you, and begs you will soon come home Pray give my kindest love to Pappa— .1 am grown a great Boy I am three feet 11 inches and a quarter high. . . . I learn some poems which you was very fond of such as the Ode on Music I shall go on Monday to Chiswick to see my Aunt Turner & heare the Boys speak. I intend to be one of those heroes in time. I am very glad I am not to go to Mrs Arthurs " [Ray 1: 8-9] autumn

Thackeray is sent to a private school in Chiswick run by his mother's cousin, the Rev. John Turner, D.D. [Ray 5:71] 1819

February 20 (Sat) Capt. and Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth embark from Calcutta for England on the Fame. [Ray 5: 74] July 5 (Mon)

Capt. and Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth disembark in England and take up quarters at Charlton, near London. [Ray 5: 74]

6

Thackeray is reunited with his mother after 2 1/2 years of separation. [Ray 5: 75]

19

Capt. Carmichael-Smyth, on half-pay, is promoted to Major. [Ray 5: 77]

August 10 (Tue)

Thackeray returns to Dr. Turner's school at Chiswick, which he attends until December 1821. [Ray 5: 76, 78] 1820

January 29 (Sat) fall

Death of George III. Succeeded by George IV. The Carmichael-Smyths take under their care Mary Graham, the orphaned daughter of Anne's sister, Harriet Becher Graham [Ray 5: 76]. She becomes like a sister to Thackeray.



1811-63

12


May 5 (Sat)

Death of Napoleon, whose body is interred at St. Helena. Both Clive Newcome and apparently his father visit the tomb when returning to England from India [Works 14: 35, 92]. 1822

January 15 (Tue) Thackeray is sent to Charterhouse School in London, which his step-father had attended, where he is unhappy with schoolmaster bullying, but makes good friends. [Ray 5: 79-86] August 7 (Wed)

Major Carmichael-Smyth is named pro tern. Resident Superintendent of the East India Company's military seminary at Addiscombe, near Croyden, south of London. [Ray 5: 87] 1823 Thackeray spends the long vacation with his mother and step-father in Tunbridge Wells, later recalled in "Tunbridge Toys" (Works 17:413-19). 1824

April 6 (Tue)

Major Carmichael-Smyth Addiscombe. [Ray 5: 87]

resigns

his post

at

June Major and Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth move to Larkbeare, near Ottery St. Mary's, Devon. [Ray 5: 101] late

fall Thackeray becomes a day-student at Charterhouse, residing with Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Boyes at 9 Charterhouse Square. Through their son, John, he becomes part of a congenial group of boys interested in the writings of the day, especially those of Scott,



1821

13

Wordsworth, Coleridge, Lamb, and Hazlitt, but also in magazines like Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, The New Monthly Magazine, The London Magazine, and The Literary Gazette. He develops the habit of active reading apart from the school curriculum. He also develops his propensity to make comic drawings, often in the spirit of George Cruikshank, the favorite of the group. [Boyes 125-26; Ray 5: 89-92] 1828 April-May Thackeray has a "fierce illness," treatment for which includes shaving his head—a temporary remedy being the wearing of a wig, as was to be the case with Pendennis. [Harden 1: 2-3] May Thackeray completes his studies at Charterhouse. [Ray 5: 97] November 4 (Tue) Thackeray's parodic poem, "Irish Melody," appears in Flindell's Western Luminary and Family Newspaper (p. 5), his first publication. [Gulliver 1-5] 25

A poem, "The Tear," signed "T," probably by Thackeray, is published in Flindell's Western Luminary and Family Newspaper (p. 6). [Gulliver 6]

December 9 (Tue) "A Translation of the First Ode of Anacreon," signed "W. M. T.," probably by Thackeray, is published in Flindell's Western Luminary and Family Newspaper (p. 6). [Gulliver 6] 1829 February Thackeray matriculates at Trinity College, Cambridge University. [Ray 5: 115] April 13 (Mon)

The Catholic Relief Bill is given royal assent.



1811-63


30

Thackeray's parodic poem, "Timbuctoo," signed "T," is published in TheSnob (pp. 18-21). [Ray 5: 119]

May 14 (Wed)

Thackeray's "To Genvieve. A Disinterested Epistle," signed "A Literary Snob," is published in TheSnob (p. 31). [Ray 1:77]

14

Thackeray's "Advertisement," Snob (p. 34). [Ray 1:77]

21

"Mrs. Ramsbottom in Cambridge," signed "Dorothea Julia Ramsbottom," probably by Thackeray, is published in TheSnob (pp. 39-40).

28

Thackeray's "The Blood-Stained Murderer; or, The Cock and Charley" [written with William Williams] is published in TheSnob (pp. 41-46). [Ray 1: 79]

June 4 (Thu)

11

is published in The

"A Statement of Fax Relative to the Late Murder. By D. J. Ramsbottom," probably by Thackeray, is published in TheSnob (pp. 47-48). "To the Free and Independent Snobs of Cambridge!," signed "D. J. Ramsbottom," probably by Thackeray, is published in TheSnob (p. 53).

July-September Thackeray vacations in Paris with his older friend, William Williams, who tutors him in math. [Ray 1: 95] Years later he writes of his arrival at Calais: "When I come to look at a place which I have visited any time these twenty or thirty years, I recall not the place merely, but the sensations I had at first seeing it, and which are quite different to my feelings to-day. That first day at Calais; the voices of the women crying out at night, as the vessel came alongside the pier; the supper at Quillacq's and the flavour of the cutlets and wine; the red-calico canopy under which I slept; the tiled floor, and the fresh smell of the sheets; the wonderful postilion in his jack-boots and pigtail;—all return with perfect clearness to my mind, and I am



14

1811-63

15

In Paris Thackeray takes dancing lessons from Coulon [Ray 1: 85], whom later he characterizes in "The FitzBoodle Papers" as "a little creature of four feet high with a pigtail. His room was hung round with glasses. He made us take off our coats, and dance each before a mirror." [Works 4: 285] He sees the dancer Paul, "who will leap you quite off the perpendicular & on the horizontal & recover his feet with the greatest dexterity" [Ray 1: 86], but his special enthusiasm is for the ballet dancer Marie Taglioni at the Opera, "who hath the most superb pair of pins, & maketh the most superb use of them that ever I saw dancer do before" [Ray 1: 85-86]. Years later, in writing Pendennis, he has Foker say, "She's clipping in The Sylphide, ain't she?", and follows with authorial commentary: "and he began very kindly to hum the pretty air which pervades that prettiest of all ballets, now faded into the past with that most beautiful and gracious of all dancers. Will the young folks ever see anything so charming, anything so classic, anything like Taglioni?" [Works 12: 478]. Still later, in writing The Newcomes, he has the narrator say of Ethel: "Not till the music stopped did she sink down on a seat, panting, and smiling radiant— as many, many hundred years ago I remember to have seen Taglioni, after a conquering pas seul." [Works 14: 541] He takes French lessons and German lessons [Ray 1: 101-02], finds Mile. Mars of the Comedie Frangaise to be "most extraordinary," "most glorious," and Leontine Fay to be "the most delightful little creature I ever set eyes on; she has a pair of such lips! out of wh. the French comes trilling out with a modulation & a beauty of wh. I did not think it capable" [Ray 1: 88, 91]. On another evening, he calls her "as usual divine," and to his objecting mother in England justifies his theatre-going as giving him "the best French lesson possible." [Ray 1: 93]



seeing them, and not the objects which are actually under my eyes." ["Notes of a Week's Holiday." Works 17: 439-40]

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology He feels the French style of painting is very artificial— indeed, "odious"—and sees even in Versailles a number of pictures in the manner of Jacques Louis David, whom he terms "that paltry god of French adoration," but he finds his "taste for old books and prints much [increased]." His most disturbing experience occurs at Frascati's, where he discovers in himself a compulsive attraction to gambling. "The interest in the game Rouge et Noir is so powerful that I could not tear myself away until I lost my last piece—I dreamed of it all night—& thought of nothing else for several days, but thank God I did not return [.] The excitement has passed away now, but I hope I shall never be thrown in the way of the thing again, for fear I could not resist." [Ray 1: 9 0 91,93]

October 5 (Mon)

In London Thackeray sees Fanny Kemble in Romeoand Juliet and is "much delighted with her" [Ray 1: 105]. He then returns to Cambridge, where Williams introduces him to Edward FitzGerald, who becomes a close friend, and who introduces Thackeray to John Mitchell Kemble, James Spedding, and Alfred Tennyson. [Ray 5: 129-30]

November Thackeray joins a debating society, where he forms a close friendship with John Allen. [Ray 5: 128-29] 12 (Thu)

"Letter from D. J. Ramsbottom," signed "Dorothea Julia R ," probably by Thackeray, is published in The Gownsman (pp. 10-12).

12

Thackeray's "Modern Songs.—No. 5 AIR: 'I'd be a Butterfly.' 'I'd be a Tadpole,'" signed "0," is published in TheGownsman (pp. 14-15). [Gulliver 18]

27

In debating "Has Woman, since the Fall, been the cause of more good or evil to mankind?" Thackeray argues for "more good." [Ray 5:128]

December 3 (Thu) Thackeray's "From Anacreon," signed "0," is published in The Gownsman (p. 39). [Gulliver 19]



16

17

4

In debating "Are Works of Fiction prejudicial to the moral character?" Thackeray argues that they are good for the moral character. [Ray 5: 128]

11

Thackeray proposes the topic "Has the institution of Duelling been of benefit to mankind?" Comically, he argues for the affirmative. [Ray 5: 129] 1830

February 5 (Fri) In debating "Is the Elizabethan age deservedly called the golden age of English literature?" Thackeray, whose tastes favor 18th century literature, argues for the negative. [Ray 5:129] 19

March 7 (Sun)

12

In debating "Which exerts the greater moral influence, the poetry of intellect or that of passion?" Thackeray argues for the poetry of passion. [Ray 5:129] In debating "Whether a change of politics in a public character is in any case justifiable" Thackeray argues for the negative. [Ray 5:129] In debating "Is a Feudal System of Government calculated to promote the happiness of the People?" Thackeray, again with apparent humor, argues for the affirmative—his last known participation in the debating society. [Ray 5: 129]

Spring Thackeray's interest in academic subjects declines. The "expensive habits, wh. that blessed University Cambridge has taught me" [Ray 1: 137], grow. Worse still, his compulsive gambling attracts the attention of two card sharpers, who, "knowing that he had money when he came of age, induced him to play ecarte with them, letting him win at first and leading him on until they had eased him . . . of a round fifteen hundred pounds" [M&M 236]. Years later, in Spa, Belgium, Thackeray and a friend, Theodore Martin, see one of the sharpers gambling. Thackeray tells Martin the story and identifies the man as "the original of my



1811-63

18


During the Easter vacation Thackeray joins FitzGerald in Paris, which he later, in "Desseins," terms "a certain little Paris excursion (about which my benighted parents never knew anything)." [Works 17: 617] At a masquerade ball he is approached by a woman whom he had known as a governess for a respectable family in England, but who has become a Parisian grisette—"Mademoiselle Pauline," as Thackeray calls her in "Shrove Tuesday in Paris" [Works 3: 500-03], details of whose character and life evidently suggested aspects of Becky Sharp. June "Dedication" (to the bound volume), probably by Thackeray, TheGownsman (p. iii). Thackeray leaves Cambridge without a degree. [Ray 5: 137] 26 (Sat)

Death of George IV. Succeeded by William IV.

July-September Thackeray travels through the Rhineland, arriving in Weimar in late September [Ray 1: 111-123]. In Weimar he finds an old Cambridge friend, William Garrow Lettsom, who persuades him to stay for the winter, introduces him to a group of young Englishmen there, and helps him gain entrance to the easy-going Court society. Twenty-five years later Thackeray speaks of his time there as "days of youth the most kindly and delightful," and terms Weimar "the friendly little Saxon capital. The Grand Duke and Duchess received us with the kindliest hospitality. The Court was splendid, but yet most pleasant and homely. We were invited in our turns to dinners, balls, and assemblies there... . [T]he kind old Hof Marshall of those days, M. de Spiegel (who had two of the most lovely daughters



Deuceace" [M&M 236]—a character who appears in The Yellowplush Correspondence a n d is frequently mentioned in Thackeray's subsequent works.

19

eyes ever looked on), being in nowise difficult as to the admission of these young Englanders. Of the winter nights we used to charter sedan chairs, in which we were carried through the snow to those pleasant Court entertainments. . . . The theatre was admirably conducted; and besides the excellent Weimar company, famous actors and singers from various parts of Germany performed Gastrolle through the winter. In that winter I remember we had Ludwig Devrient in Shylock, Hamlet, Falstaff, and the Robbers; and the beautiful Schroder in Fidelio." In conclusion, he says: "I think I have never seen a society more simple, charitable, courteous, gentlemanlike than that of the dear little Saxon city, where the good Schiller and the great Goethe lived and lie buried." [Ray 3: 442-43, 445] Thackeray studies German with Dr. Friedrich Weissenborn, makes "rapid progress in Gallopading" [Ray 1: 126], buys Schiller's sword [Ray 3: 442], meets Goethe [Ray 1: 130], and reads their works. He also falls successively in love with Melanie von Spiegel, an experience that prompted him to create Dorothea in "Fitz-Boodle's Confessions," and then with Jenny von Pappenheim, who appears in his fiction as Ottilia in "Fitz-Boodle's Confessions" [Ray, 1: 127-29]. His experience of Weimar helped inspire the creation not only of Kalbsbraten in "Fitz-Boodle's Confessions," but also of Pumpernickel in Vanity Fair. November ca. 17 (Wed) Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her of attending a concert at which "Beethovens Battle of Victoria was played; I never saw half a dozen men so excited as the English were, when Rule Britannia was played" [Ray 1: 133]. The experience is evoked in Vanity Fair, as is his hearing Mme. Schroder-Devrient singing in Fidelio. [Works 11: 793-94] December 3 (Fri) Writing to his mother, Thackeray expresses doubts about taking up the law as a profession, but "I believe it is the best among the positive professions & as such I must take it, for better or worse." [Ray 1: 137]



1811-63

20

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology 1831

March

May Thackeray goes to London to begin legal studies. [Ray 5:147] June 3 (Fri)

Thackeray is admitted to the Middle Temple, where he arranges to study law five hours every weekday for eight months a year with William Taprell, a special pleader. [Ray 1: 149]

July 18 (Mon)

Writing to FitzGerald on his twentieth birthday, Thackeray expresses his ambiguous feelings about becoming a lawyer: "Of one thing I am determined that I never will practise the law, or at least will retire from it, before my business should occupy me too much." [Ray 1: 152]

October ca. 27 (Thu) Thackeray's poem, "The Stars," is published in Ottilie von Goethe's magazine, Das Chaos, 2 (p. 40). [Gulliver 31] December 8 (Thu)-lO

15

Writing to his step-father, Thackeray tells of having persuaded the trustees controlling his inheritance to sell stock in the amount of 100 guineas to pay off a gambling debt, and says "it is very difficult to read dry law books." [Ray 1: 176] Thackeray sees Gay's Beggar's Opera and calls it "the pleasantest play . . . in our language." [Ray 1: 177] 1832

January 14 (Sat) Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "This lawyers preparatory education is certainly one of the most cold



Thackeray leaves Weimar and returns to Larkbeare. [Ray 5:146]

1811-63

21

3 (Tue)

Thackeray writes in his diary: "went to . . . [a gambling "hell" at] No 60 where I lost 6/6." [Ray 1: 186]

4

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Then to 60 for the last time, so help me God where I won back the exact sum I had lost the day before." [Ray 1: 187]

5

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Took a lesson in dancing, & . . . played ecarte till four o'clock in the morning & lost 8 pound 7 shillings—before I knew where I was, so much for reform." [Ray 1: 187]

9

In his diary Thackeray mentions plans to purchase a newspaper. [Ray 1:189]

10

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Was not at Taprells, & have not read a syllable of anything for 3 days. I must mend, or else I shall be poor idle & wicked most likely in a couple more years" [Ray 1: 190]. His attendance at Taprells, however, becomes more and more sporadic.

14

Thackeray writes in his diary: "My newspaper scheme is done up, for want of funds." [Ray 1: 191]

16

Thackeray meets William Maginn [Ray 1: 191], who becomes a close friend and helps initiate Thackeray into the world of journalism.

May 2 (Wed)

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Dr. Maginn called & took me to the Standard shewing me the mysteries of printing & writing leading articles, with him all day till 4." [Ray 1: 197]

3

The last mention of Taprell in Thackeray's diary of 2 April-23 November 1832. [Ray 1: 197]

6

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Read [Bulwer's] Eugene Aram but was much disappointed (as usual)[.] It is a very forced and absurd taste to elevate a murderer for



blooded prejudiced pieces of invention that ever a man was slave to." [Ray 1: 182]

22


12

Thackeray meets James Fraser, publisher of Fraser's Magazine, in which he was often to publish between 1834 and 1853. [Ray 1: 200]

June 7 (Thu)

The Reform Bill is given royal assent.

9

Thackeray continues his gambling losses: "spielte und wie gewohnlich verlierte." [Ray 1: 207]

17

Thackeray writes in his diary: "went to Maginn dined at the Barly-Mow & drank Sherry with him till t e n then he took me to a common brothel where I left him, very much disgusted & sickened to see a clever & good man disgrace himself in that way. His money matters press upon him I suppose & make him reckless—Thank God that idle & vicious as I am, I have no taste for scenes such as that of last night—There was an old bawd & a young whore both of them with child—The old woman seemed au reste a good natured beast enough with a countenance almost amiable—The young one was very repulsive in manner & face—Came home sickened." [Ray 1: 209]

June-July Thackeray, together with Arthur Buller, journeys to Devon and Cornwall to assist his friend, Charles Buller, in his campaign for the parliamentary seat of Liskeard [Ray 1: 210-20]. Buller defeats his Tory opponent July 18 (Wed)

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Here is the day for wh. I have been panting so long [coming of age on his twenty-first birthday], wh. now though it is come has not brought with it any sensations peculiarly pleasant. [B]ut I am a man now & must deal with men—Drew on Lubbock [his banker] for £25." [Ray 1: 220]



money into a hero—The sentiments are very eloquent clap-trap. There is no new character . . . & no incident at all. . . . The book is in fact humbug, when my novel is written it will be something better I trust." [Ray 1: 198]

1811-63

Thackeray embarks for France, where he spends four months, mainly in Paris, reading contemporary French and German literature, attending operas and plays, visiting print galleries, patronizing fine restaurants, and gambling. [Ray 1:221-38]

August 17 (Fri)-18 Thackeray writes in his diary: "May Almighty God give me strength of mind to resist the temptation of play, & to keep my vow that from this day I will never again enter a gaming house." [Ray 1: 225] 19

Thackeray writes in his diary: "I broke the vow I solemnly made yesterday—& thank God lost the last halfpenny I possessed by doing so—At first I had won back nearly all my losings & went away but the money lay like fire in my pocket & I am thank heaven rid of it—A dinner at the Trois Freres was the cause of my lying—a bottle of Beaune & 2 glasses of Malaga made my head hot & my pocket finally empty." [Ray 1: 225]

22

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Read Cousins history of Philosophy," and concludes comically: "The excitement of metaphysics must equal almost that of gambling." [Ray 1: 225]

September 9 (Sun) Thackeray writes in his diary: "have in these latter days been to Paris wo ich spielte, have read [Hugo's] Notre Dame de Paris of wh. I think most highly as a work of genius, though it is not perhaps a fine novel. [H]ave read part of [Bulwer's] Pelham wh. I found rather dull & very impertinent." [Ray 1: 228] 19

Thackeray writes in his diary: "have just come from talking of debauchery & it's consequences—wh. have made me long for a good wife, & a happy home." [Ray 1: 229]

October 8 (Mon)

Thackeray writes in his diary: "breakfasted in the Palais Royal & dined at Vefours went for a while to the Opera Comique but found it dull, spielte und fegelte [fornicated]." [Ray 1: 230]



31

23

24


24

Thackeray leaves for England. [Ray 1: 238] 1833

January-May Thackeray is actively associated with discounting firm in London [Ray 1: 504-05].

a

bill-

February I (Fri) Thackeray's account book for 1833 lists the loss of £668 at play. [Ray 1:504] May Thackeray purchases The National Standard and Journal of Literature, Science, Music, Theatricals, and the Fine Arts, a twopenny weekly journal. In running the paper, he is assisted by Maginn and by a subeditor, James Hume [Ray 5: 160]. In Lovel the Widower, Thackeray mockingly evokes his youthful conduct of the journal in the figure of Mr. Batchelor, who recalls earlier days with his literary paper, the Museum: "I dare say I gave myself airs as editor of that confounded Museum, and proposed to educate the public taste, to diffuse morality and sound literature throughout the nation, and to pocket a liberal salary in return for my services." [Works 17: 74] 4 (Sat)

Thackeray's poem, "Louis Philippe," with an illustration, is published in The National Standard, 1: 273. [Ray 1: 259-60]

4

"Drama. King's Theatre," probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 1: 286-87. [Gulliver 41]

II

Thackeray publishes "Address," The National Standard, 1: 289, announcing the change of proprietorship.



November 17 (Sat) Thackeray writes in his diary: "went to the [Theatre Italien]—saw a poor opera of Bellini's II Pirata—then for a minute to Frascati's where I lost all I had." [Ray 1: 237]

25

11

"Mr. Braham. Sonnet.—By W. Wordsworth," with an illustration, both probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 1: 289.

18

"N. M. Rothschild, Esq.," with an illustration, both probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 1: 305.

25

"London Characters. No. 1," with an illustration, both probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 1: 321.

June 1 (Sat)

The poem, "A. Bunn," with an illustration, both probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 1: 345.

8

"Love in Fetters. A Tottenham-Court-Road Ditty," with an illustration, both probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 1: 362.

15

Thackeray's "Woman: The Angel of Life. A Poem. By Robert Montgomery" is published in The National Standard, 1: 376-77.

15

"Drama. Covent Garden," signed "Gamma," with an illustration, both probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 1: 380-81.

late

June 29

July 6 (Sat)

June-August Thackeray serves as foreign correspondent for The National Standard in Paris. Thackeray's "Foreign Correspondence," with an illustration, is published in The National Standard, 1: 412-13. Thackeray's "Foreign Correspondence," with an illustration, is published in The National Standard, 2: 10-11.



1811-63


6

Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "I must try & make this paper worth something, & I suppose, that to obtain that [result my] presence will be necessary on the other [side] of the water. . . . It looks well however to have a Parisian correspondent; & I think that in a month more I may get together stuff enough for the next ten months." In the same letter, however, he also says: "I have been thinking very seriously of turning artist—I think I can draw better than do anything else & certainly like it better than any other occupation why shouldn't I?—It requires a three year apprenticeship however, wh. is not agreeable—but afterwards the way is clear & pleasant enough; & doubly so for an independent man who is not obliged to look to his brush for his livelihood." [Ray 1: 262]

13

Thackeray's "Foreign Correspondence. The Charruas," with an illustration, is published in The National Standard, 2: 28-29.

20

Thackeray's "Foreign Correspondence," with an illustration, is published in The National Standard, 2: 42-43.

August 10 (Sat)

24

Thackeray's "The Devil's Wager," with an illustration, is published in The National Standard, 2: 85-86. [Paris Sketch Book] Thackeray's "The Devil's Wager" is published in The National Standard, 2: 121-22. [Paris Sketch Book]

September 6 (Fri) Back in London writing to his mother from the Garrick Club, which he has recently joined, and which he finds "pleasant & cheap," he says: "I have had an offer made for a partner, wh. I think I shall accept" [Ray 1: 263], but the arrangement was not made. He continues: "I find a great change between this & Paris, where one makes friends, & here though for the last three years I have lived, I have not positively a single female acquaintance—I shall go back to Paris I think, & marry somebody—There is another evil wh. I complain of, that this system of newspaper writing spoils one for every



26

1811-63

27

October 12 (Sat)

22

Thackeray's "Original Papers. A Tale of Wonder" is published in The National Standard, 2: 228-29. [Ray, 1: 268] Writing to his mother, Thackeray reports on progress made in studying art at an atalier in Paris: "I think that in a year were I to work hard I might paint something worth looking at, but it requires at least that time before one can gain any readiness with the brush. . . . I get tickets for the Italian Opera—where the company is very good, & where there is a beautiful creature called Grisi—I saw my ancient flame Duvernay at the French Opera the other day, & wondered how I could have ever been smitten—now this would be an awkward circumstance in marrying a wife" [Ray 1: 266-67]. His reference in this letter to a willingness to marry a girl for £11,325 suggests that this was the sum he had just lost when most of his inheritance vanished with the collapse of the Indian bank in which it had been invested—a remarkably light-hearted acceptance of his poverty [Ray 1: 267], Given his attachment to painting and Paris, he does not take up an offer "to go to Madrid for the Standard with £300 a year" [Ray 1: 270]. The bank failure is reflected in the collapse of the Bundelcund Bank in TheNewcomes.

November 12 (Tue) Having arrived back in London, Thackeray writes to his mother: "I intend to stop here, to sell my furniture, give up my chambers & my paper, by wh. I shall have had the pleasure of losing £200. . . . I shall go back to Paris—I have made or fancied I have made so much progress in a month, that it would be a shame not to handle the brush with a little more perseverance— besides it is the only metier I ever liked." (Ray 1: 270] 30

"Our Leader," probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 2: 333.



other kind of writing; I am unwilling now more than ever, to write letters to my friends, & always find myself attempting to make a pert critical point, at the end of a sentence." [Ray 1: 264]

28


23

Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "I am anxious that the first No, for the year should be a particularly good one as I am going to change the name . . . & increase the price." He also reports being "very comfortably installed in the new house . . . and like much my little study, & airy bed-room." [Ray 1: 271]

28

Thackeray's "Address" is published in The National Standard, 2: 397. 1834

January 4 (Sat) Thackeray's paper appears under the title The National Standard and Literary Representative, price threepence. 18 "Father Gahagan's Exhortation," probably by Thackeray, is published in The National Standard, 3: 44. 25

Thackeray's "Drama. Plays and Play-Bills," signed "0," is published in The National Standard, 3: 62.

February 1 (Sat) Thackeray's "Original Papers. Etude sur Mirabeau. Par Victor Hugo," signed "0," is published in The National Standard, 3: 75-76. The paper ceases publication with this issue. May Thackeray's "The Fraser Papers for May. 'II etait un Roi d'Yvetot—Beranger'" is published in Fraser's Magazine, 9 (May): 617-18, his first contribution to that journal. [Paris Sketch Book] summer

Thackeray apparently studies art at a school in Bloomsbury, as Clive Newcome was to do. [Ray 5: 168]



December 13 (Fri) Thackeray gives up his chambers in the Middle Temple and moves into a house at 18 Albion Street that his parents have bought. [Ray 1: 271, Ray 5: 168]

29

mid-September Thackeray moves to Paris to study art, staying with his grandmother, Mrs. Edward Butler [Ray 1: 273-74]. Fifteen years later he recalled these days with fellow student-painters as the time when "I . . . made believe to be a painter—just after I was ruined and before I fell in love and took to marriage & writing. It was a very jolly time. I was as poor as Job: and sketched away most abominably, but pretty contented: and we used to meet in each others little rooms and talk about Art and smoke pipes and drink bad brandy & water." [Ray 2: 503] 1835 January Thackeray is included in a group portrait of "Fraserians" by his friend, Daniel Maclise. April 17 (Fri)

Writing to his painter friend, Frank Stone, Thackeray says: "I am in a state of despair—I have got enough torn up pictures to roast an ox by . . . and I have become latterly so disgusted with myself, and art & every thing belonging to it, that for a month past I have been lying on sofas reading novels, & never touching a pencil. —In these six months, I have not done a thing worth looking a t — . . . if in another six mos. I can do no better, I will arise & go out & hang myself. . . . I had hoped to have gone into Germany for this summer, & on to Italy in autumn, but my governors & the rest of our tribe are to come here in a month & I shall not be sorry to stay, & have a little more copying at the Louvre." [Harden 1: 14-15] Thackeray is encouraged by his friend, Eyre Evans Crowe, Paris correspondent for The Morning Chronicle, to apply for a new position being planned by the newspaper: a correspondent at Constantinople. [Ray 1: 281, Ray 5: 175, 183]

19

Writing in his diary, Thackeray mentions having spoken to "Crowe about the Constantinople business— this will be a great lift for me if please God I can get



1811-63

30


22

Writing to John Payne Collier, an acquaintance at the Garrick Club, now known as a literary forger but then simply on the staff of The Morning Chronicle, Thackeray requests Collier's help in securing the position: "I have already applied for the place, only as I can produce no proofs of my capability in the columns of any newspaper, I am obliged to ask my friends to vouch for the same. . . . If . . . you will mention me at head-quarters, a word from you will be, I am sure, all powerful and thus I shall be able to realize a favorite dream of mine, and to fill my sketch book to my heart's content." [Ray 1: 281-82]

May Writing to FitzGerald, who, with Tennyson, is visiting Spedding in the Lake Country, Thackeray tells of receiving good letters from his painter friends, Daniel Maclise, George Cattermole, and John Frederick Lewis, and mentions his continuing hopes for the Constantinople position, which "will give me a handsome income for a year and fill my sketch book into the bargain—perhaps I might make a bargain with Charles Heath for a Picturesque Annual" [Ray 1: 287]. Thackeray's hopes proved vain, however, for he did not visit the Near East until 1844, when, during his trip, he saw Lewis in Egypt. June 11 (Thu)

Thackeray gives up his rooms with his grandmother in the Rue de Chaillot and takes quarters for himself at 1 Rue des Beaux Arts. [Ray 1: 286]

September Writing to his cousin, William Ritchie, Thackeray reveals a startling new development: "I am arrived at such a pitch of sentimentality (for a plain girl without a penny in the world) that my whole seyn, etre, or being, is bouleverse or capsized.—I sleep not neither do I eat, only smoke a little & build castles in the clouds; thinking all day of the propriety of a sixieme, boiled beef & soup for dinner, & the possession of the gal of



it—and I shall see Abanah and Pharphar, & all the rivers of Israel to boot" [Ray 1: 283]

31

my art. . . . God knows how it will end. . . . I purpose going from Munich to Venice... —then from Venice if I can effect the thing, I will pass over for a week or so into Turkey. Just to be able to say, in a book wh. I am going to make, that I have been there—after wh. I will go to Rome, Naples, Florence &c . . . then I will go to England book in hand, I will get three hundred guineas for my book—then I will exhibit at the Water Colour Society, and sell my ten drawings forthwith, then I will mar . " [Harden 1: 15-16]. The girl was his future wife, Isabella Shawe, who was living with her widowed mother in Paris. October 27 (Tue) Thackeray's "La verite sur les Cent Jours, par L. Bonaparte, Prince de Canino, Paris, 1835," signed "W. M. T.," is published in The Paris Literary Gazette, pp. 3-5. [Guivarc'h 205] November 3 (Tue) Thackeray's "Souvenirs d'Antony, par A. Dumas, Paris, Dumont, 1835," signed "W. M. T.," is published in The Paris Literary Gazette, pp. 19-21. [Guivarc'h 205] 10

Thackeray's "England," signed "W. M. T.," is published in The Paris Literary Gazette, pp. 33-34. [Guivarc'h 205]

24

Thackeray's "Servitude et Grandeur Militaires, par le Comte A. de Vigny, Paris, 1835," signed "W. M. T.," is published in The Paris Literary Gazette, pp. 65-67. [Guivarc'h 205]

December 29 (Tue) Thackeray's "German Songs," signed "W. M. T.," is published in The Paris Literary Gazette, pp. 145-47. [Guivarc'h 205] 1836 Major Carmichael-Smyth makes arrangements for establishing a Radical London newspaper, to be known as The Constitutional and Public Ledger. Laman



1811-63

32


10 (Sun)

Writing from Calais to Isabella Shawe in Paris, Thackeray calls her "my better half.. . , dearest little Wife." [Ray 1: 302]

11

Thackeray arrives in London to discuss newspaper matters and to arrange for the appearance of his first separate publication, Flore et Zephyr, a burlesque sequence of eight captioned lithographs together with an illustrated title page that mocked a well-known neo-classical ballet choreographed by Charles Didelot, Flore et Zephire. Subsidized by Thackeray's friend, John Bowes Bowes, whom he had met at Cambridge, it was published in London by John Mitchell, a librarian and print-seller in Old Bond Street, and in Paris by Rittner et Goupil. [Ray 5: 184]

14

Writing to Isabella Shawe in Paris, Thackeray tells her "My father says I could not do better than to marry, my mother says the same. I need not say that I agree with the opinion of my parents—so, dearest, make the little shifts ready, and the pretty night caps; and we will in a few few months, go & hear Bishop Luscombe read, and be married, and have children, & be happy ever after, as they are in the Story books." [Ray 1: 303]

20

Death of Robert Seymour, who was to have illustrated Dickens's Pickwick Papers. Twenty-two years later, Thackeray recalled "walking up to [Dickens's] chambers in Furnival's Inn with two or three drawings in my hand, which strange to say, he did not find suitable." [Ray 1: 311-12]

22

Writing to William Jerdan, editor of The Literary Gazette, Thackeray asks for "a little puff for the accompanying caricatures." An appreciative review of Flore et Zephyr appeared in the 30 April issue (pp. 282-83). [Ray 1:313] Following the publication of Flore Thackeray returns to Paris. [Ray 1: 313]

et

Zephyr,



Blanchard will be its editor, Douglas Jerrold its dramatic critic, and Thackeray its Paris Correspondent, p a y 5: 184-85]

1811-63

33

July

August 20 (Sat)

Thackeray is married to Isabella at the British Embassy in Paris by the Embassy chaplain, Bishop H. M. Luscombe, with Mrs. Shawe's consent [Ray 1: 318]. They honeymoon in Versailles and at the country villa near Paris of his aunt, Mrs. John Ritchie. [Ray 5: 18788]

September Thackeray and his wife settle in an apartment at 15 bis Rue Neuve St. Augustin, Paris. [Ray 5: 188] 19 (Mon)

Thackeray writes his first contribution to the new paper: "(From a Private Correspondent.) Paris, Sept. 17." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 19 Sept., p. [2]. Later, writing in December to his friend, John Mitchell Kemble, Thackeray jokes: "who in fact has not heard of T.T.?" [Harden 1:21]

24

"From Our Own Correspondent. Paris, Sept. 22." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 24 Sept., p. [3].

27

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. By Express. Paris, Sept. 25." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 27 Sept, p. [3].

29

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. By Express." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 29 Sept., p. [3].

October 1 (Sat)

"(From Our Own Correspondent.) Paris, Sept. 28." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 1 Oct., p. [2].

5

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. Paris, October 2." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 5 Oct., p. [2].

7

Writing to FitzGerald, Thackeray thanks him for a gift of money that will help him purchase furniture, and says: "I feel very much your kind and affectionate letter, and long to have you with me. As for the little



Isabella's mother tries to break off her engagement, as Charlotte Baynes's mother was to do in Philip, but Isabella remains loyal. [Ray 5: 186-87]

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology wife it does not change one in the least it is only a new quality that one discovers in ones'self, a new happiness. . . . I am sorry to say that I like the newspaper-work very much, it is a continual excitement, and I fancy I do it very well, that is very sarcastically, and though as we agreed about literature, sarcasm does no good either to reader or writer, I think in politics where all are rogues to deal with (yr. hble Servt. among them) a man cannot sneer and scorn too much, and bring the profession into disrepute—but the poor picture-painting is altogether neglected." [Ray 1: 322-23]

8

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. By Express. Paris, Oct. 6." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 8 Oct., p. [3].

11

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. Paris, Oct. 7. Oct. 8." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 11 Oct., p. [3].

13


14


18


21

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Oct. 19." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 21 Oct., p. [3].

22

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Paris, Oct. 20." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 22 Oct., p. [3].

29




34

1811-63


November 5 (Sat) "Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Paris, Nov. 3." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 5 Nov., p. [3]. 9

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Nov. 7." Signed HT. T." The Constitutional, 9 Nov., p. [3].

14

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Nov. 12." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 14 Nov., p. [31

16

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Nov. 14." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 16 Nov., p.

PL 18

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Nov. 16." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 18 Nov., p. [3].

22

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) November 20." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 22 Nov., p. [3].

26

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Nov. 24." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 26 Nov., p. [3].

December 1 (Thu) "Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Nov. 29." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 1 Dec, p. [3]. 8

"Paris, From Our Own Correspondent. (By Express.) Dec. 4." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 8 Dec, p. [3].

13

Writing to John Mitchell Kemble, Thackeray alludes to Isabella's pregnancy: "You also are probably in a



31

35

36


14

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. Dec. 10." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 14 Dec, p. [3].

19

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent Dec 15." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 19 Dec, p. [3].

19

Writing to the publisher John Macrone, Thackeray proposes to illustrate William Harrison Ainsworth's Crichton, but the novel was published without illustrations in late February/early March. He also requests an advance for a book that he intends to write "in 2 Wollums. with 20 drawings, entitled Rambles & Sketches in old and new Paris." [Ray 1: 327-29]

20

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent The Mutiny at San Sebastian. Dec. 17." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 20 Dec, p. [3].

22


23


26

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent Dec. 21." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 26 Dec, p. [3].

31

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent Dec. 24." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 31 Dec, p. [3]. 1837

January 2 (Mon)

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent The Downfall of the French Ministry.—The Tactics of Thiers.— The Chances of the Radicals in France. Dec. 26. MurderPrivate and Public—The King's Speech—The Cause of the Discontent in France, and the Remedy for It [Dec] 28." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 2 Jan., p. [3].



similar state—wife, children coming, and nothing in three per cents. . . . I am grown strangely fat, and am the happiest man in this neighbourhood." [Harden 1: 21]

37

4

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. Dec. 31." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 4 Jan., p. [3].

6

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. Jan. 2." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 6 Jan., p. [3].

7

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent Jan. 3." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 7 Jan., p. [3].

10

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. Louis Bonaparte's Manifestoes.—A Military Execution. Jan. 7." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 10 Jan., p. [3].

13

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent On Some New State Maxims in France. Jan. 9." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 13 Jan., p. [3].

14

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent The Addresses of the Chambers.—Marshal Soult on the Art of War.-— The Strasburg Conspiracy. Jan. 11." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 14 Jan., p. [3].

18

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent The Chamber of Deputies.—The Occult Power.—The Motion of M. Barrot— The Latest Fashionable Intelligence." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 18 Jan., p. [3].

19

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. The Last Defeat of the Carlists.—The Spy System in Switzerland and at Strasburg. Jan. 16." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 19 Jan., p. [3].

21

"Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. M. Guizot's Recantation—Berryer and Thiers—The Choice of Dupin. Jan. 18." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 21 Jan., p. [3].

24

"Paris. (From Our Own Correspondent) The Victory of the Ministry—The Strasburg Verdict. Jan. 21." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 24 Jan., p. [3].

28

"Paris. (From Our Own Correspondent) Some New Laws of Repression.—A New French Siberia.—Ministerial



1811-63

38

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology Quarrels. Jan. 25." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 28 Jan., p. [3]. "Paris. From Our Own Correspondent. Jan. 28." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 31 Jan., p. [3].

February 3 (Fri) "Foreign Correspondence. Paris, January 31. (From Our Own Correspondent.)" Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 3 Feb., p. [4]. 8

"Foreign Correspondence. Paris, February 5. (From Our Own Correspondent.)" Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 8 Feb., p. [4].

11

"Foreign Correspondence. Paris. February 8. (From Our Own Correspondent.)" Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 11 Feb., p. [3].

18

"Foreign C o r r e s p o n d e n c e . (From Our Own Correspondent.) Paris, Feb. 15. Spanish Affairs—M. Dupin's Explanations—M. Clausel's Recal. M. Salvandy's Patriotism." Signed "T. T." The Constitutional, 18 Feb., p. [3]. With this piece, Thackeray ceases his regular contributions to The Constitutional, which can no longer afford a Paris correspondent. [Ray 5: 190]

March Thackeray and his wife move to London, where they live with the Carmichael-Smyths at 18 Albion St [Ray 5: 190] April 29 (Sat)

June 9 (Fri) 20

Writing to the Directors of The Constitutional, Thackeray explains that "our funds are totally inadequate to meet the present expenses," and asks for £1000 from shareholders, but without success. [Ray 1: 341-42] Thackeray's daughter, Anne Isabella, is born. [Ray 5: 202] Death of William IV. Succeeded by Victoria.



31

1811-63 July 1 (Sat)

39

26

Thackeray unsuccessfully proposes to Macrone to rewrite Colonel Francis Maceroni's manuscript account of his life and adventures, but when Macrone published the book in 1838, it still contained the flaws that Thackeray had identified. [Ray 1: 344-45]

August 3 (Thu)

"The French Revolution, by T. Carlyle." The Times, 3 Aug., p. 6. Carlyle wrote in a letter to his sister: "The writer is one Thackeray, a half-monstrous Cornish giant, kind of painter, Cambridge man, and Paris newspaper correspondent, who is now writing for his life in London. I have seen him at the Bullers' and at Sterling's. His article is rather like him, and I suppose calculated to do the book good" [Carlyle 86]. Thackeray's life as a freelance writer for newspapers and magazines has begun in earnest. Through Lt. Col. Merrick Shawe he has became friends with Edward Sterling, a major contributor to The Times, and through Maginn he has gained access to Fraser's Magazine. [Ray 5: 196,199]

September "The Professor—A Tale. By Goliah Gahagan." Bentley's Miscellany, 2 (Sept.): 277-88. November "The Yellowplush Correspondence. [No. I.] Fashnable Fax and Polite Annygoats. By Charles Yellowplush, Esq." Fraser's Magazine, 16 (Nov.): 644-49. December "A Word on the Annuals." Fraser's Magazine, 16 (Dec): 757-63, probably by Thackeray. [White 79] Three illustrations to John Barrow, King Glumpus: An Interlude in One Act. (For private circulation only.) London: privately printed, 1837. [Van Duzer, 64-65]



"To the Readers of the Constitutional." The Constitutional, 1 July, p. [3], is Thackeray's last contribution, explaining in this final issue why the paper has failed.

40

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology 1838

January

"Our Batch of Novels for Christmas, 1837." Fraser's Magazine, 17 (Jan.): 79-92. [Ray 1: 514] 6 (Sat)

"Duchess of Marlborough's Private Correspondence." The Times, 6 Jan., p. 6. [Ray 1: 515]

11

"Eros and Anteros—or 'Love,' by Lady Charlotte Bury" and "A Diary Relative to George IV. and Queen Caroline." The Times, 11 Jan., p. 3. [Ray 1: 515]

31

"Memoirs of Holt, The Irish Rebel." The Times, Jan., p. 2. [Ray 1: 515]

31

February "The Yellowplush Correspondence. No. III. Dimond Cut Dimond." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 17 (Feb.): 243-50. "Some Passages in the Life of Major Gahagan." The New Monthly Magazine, 52 (Feb.): 174-82. March Thackeray moves his family from 18 Albion Street to 13 Great Coram Street. Having suffered financial losses, notably the failure of The Constitutional, the Carmichael-Smyths sell their Albion Street house and move to Paris, which is more affordable. [Ray 1: 349, Ray 5: 201-02] "Half-a-Crown's Worth of Cheap Knowledge." Fraser's Magazine, 17 (Mar.): 279-90. [Ray 1: 515] "The Yellowplush Correspondence. No. IV. Skimmings from 'The Dairy of George IV.'" Fraser's Magazine, 17 (Mar.): 353-59.



"The Yellowplush Correspondence. No. II. Miss Shum's Husband." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 17 (Jan.): 39-49.

1811-63

41

3 (Sat)

Thackeray arrives in Boulogne on the way to Paris. [Ray 1: 349]

5

Writing from Boulogne, Thackeray negotiates better wages from James Fraser. [Harden 1: 30-31]

11

Writing to his wife, Thackeray says: "Here have we been nearly 2 years married & not a single unhappy day." [Ray 1: 354]

15

Writing to his wife, Thackeray reports having seen "a new play at the Frangais, chock full of sentiment, but tolerably entertaining." He also says that he has agreed to do a few articles for Galignani's Messenger and a piece for The Morning Advertiser. These remain unidentified. [Harden 1: 31-32]

24

Writing to his wife, Thackeray tells her of having attended an opera benefit where he heard "an act from a very old opera—Orpheus by Gluck, wh. was . . . sublime—Dupre is the most delightful tenor I ever heard with a simplicity and beauty of voice and method quite delicious—as good as Rubini without his faults—singing his notes steadily, with no tricks or catches or quavers—and such music!—like very fine Mozart, so exquisitely tender and simple and melodious that by all the Gods, I never heard anything like it." [Ray 1: 363] "The Yellowplush Correspondence. No. V. Foring Parts." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 17 (Apr.): 404-08.

3 (Tue)

Thackeray returns to London. [Ray 1: 364]

5

"The Exhibition at Paris." Signed "D. D." The Times, 5 Apr., p. 5. [Ray 1: 361]

17

"The Poetical Works of Dr. Southey, Collected by Himself." The Times, 17 Apr., p. 6. [Ray 1: 516]



"Historical Recollections by Major Gahagan." The New Monthly Magazine, 52 (Mar.): 374-78.

42


May 17 (May):

"The Yellowplush Correspondence. No. VI. Mr. Deuceaceat Paris [Chaps. I-IV]." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 17 (May): 616-27. 1 (Tue)

"Mr. Carlyle's Lectures." The Times, 1 May, p. 5. Cruikshank asks Thackeray to write the text accompanying twelve plates which he is to provide for the Comic Almanack for 1839. [Ray 5: 237] Thackeray tells George Wright, an associate of Charles Tilt, a London book and print dealer who is to publish the Comic Almanack for 1839, that his fee for "Stubbs's Calendar" is "twenty guineas for the 24 pages." [Ray 1: 365]

June "The Yellowplush Correspondence. Mr. Deuceace at Paris. No. II [Chaps. V-VII]." Fraser's Magazine, 17 (June): 734-41. "Strictures on Pictures. A Letter from Michael Angelo Titmarsh, Esq." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 17 (June): 758-64. July "The Yellowplush Correspondence. The End of Mr. Deuceace's History [Chaps. VIII-X]." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 18 (July): 59-71. 9 (Mon)

Thackeray's daughter, Jane, is born. [Ray 5: 203]

12

Writing to his mother-in-law, Thackeray speaks of "an event wh. has just occurred. Mrs. Thack after walking to Piccadilly on Monday, and eating a tolerable dinner requested me to fetch a medical gentleman wh. I did, and on my return had the pleasure to find another Miss Thackeray arrived in my family, and her mother just as unconcerned as if nothing had happened. . . . [I]n the morning I left Isabella perfectly happy giving



"Four German Ditties." Fraser's Magazine, 577-79. [Miscellanies]

43

her a nice milk breakfast: and as cool and as comfortable as any woman possibly could be. . . . " He also tells her: "We have got a new nurse a very good one, and a most excellent, watchful, tender nurse in Mary [Graham]: who is about her, and keeps the house for me, and performs all the kind offices for her and the baby a merveille." [Ray 1: 366-67] August "The Yellowplush Correspondence. Mr. Yellowplush's Ajew." Fraser's Magazine, 18 (Aug.): 195-200. 30 (Thu)

"City of the Czar." The Times, 30 Aug., p. 3. [Harden 1: 38-39]

September 4 (Tue) Thackeray sends the subjects for Nos. 4, 5, 6, and 8 of "Stubbs's Calendar" to Cruikshank. [Ray 1: 369-72] 7

"The City of the Czar." The Times, [Harden 1: 38-39]

7 Sept., p. 2.

October "The Story of Mary Ancel." The New Monthly Magazine, 54 (Oct.): 185-97. [Paris Sketch Book] November "Major Gahagan's Historical Reminiscences." The New Monthly Magazine, 54 (Nov. 1838): 319-28. 2 (Fri)

"The Annuals." The Times, 2 Nov., p. 5. [Ray 1: 375]

8

"Steam Navigation in the Pacific." The Times, 8 Nov., p. 5. [Ray 1: 375]

12

"Tyler's Life of Henry V." The Times, 12 Nov., pp. 2-3. [Ray 1: 375]

16

"Fraser's Winter Journey to Persia." The Times, Nov., p. 3. [Ray 1: 375]

27

"Count Valerian Krasinski's History of the Reformation in Poland." The Times, 27 Nov., p. 3. [Ray 1:375]


16


1811-63

44


December

"Major Gahagan's Historical Reminiscences." The New Monthly Magazine, 54 (Dec): 543-52. Twelve illustrations to Douglas Jerrold, Men of Character. 3 vols. London: Henry Colburn, 1838. Ten [in some copies eighteen] illustrations to Charles G. Addison. Damascus and Palmyra. 2 vols. London: Richard Bentley, 1838. [Ray 1: 513] "Stubbs's Calendar; or, The Fatal Boots." The Comic Almanack for 1839, With Twelve Illustrations of the Months, by Geo. Cruikshank. London: Charles Tilt, [1838], pp. 4-5, 8-9, 12-13, 16-17, 20-21, 24-25, 2829, 32-33, 36-37, 40-41, 44-45, 48-49. 1839 January "Our Annual Execution." Fraser's Magazine, 19 (Jan.): 57-67. [Miscellanies] "Manners and Society in St Petersburg." The British and Foreign Review, 8 (Jan.): 33-63. [Harden 1: 38-39] February "Major Gahagan's Historical Reminiscences." The New Monthly Magazine, 55 (Feb.): 266-81. "Le Due de Normandie," Fraser's Magazine, 19 (Feb.): 192-204. [Stokes 285] March 14 (Thu)

Death of Jane Thackeray, aged eight months and six days, of an "inflammation in the chest" [Ray 5: 203]. The experience is reenacted in the death of Titmarsh's infant son in "The Great Hoggarty Diamond." [Works 4: 124-26]



"The Painter's Bargain. Communicated by Michael Angelo Titmarsh, Esq." Fraser's Magazine, 18 (Dec): 687-93. [Paris Sketch Book]

1811-63

45

April "Horae Catnachianae." Fraser's Magazine, 407-24. [White 80]

19 (Apr.):

"Parisian Caricatures." Signed "T." The London and Westminster Review, 32 (Apr.): 282-305. [Paris Sketch Book] May "Catherine: A Story [Chap. I]. By Ikey Solomons, Esq. Junior." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 19 (May): 604-17. June "Catherine : A Story [Chaps. II-IV]. By Ikey Solomons, Esq. Junior." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 19 (June): 694-709. "A Second Lecture on the Fine Arts, by Michael Angelo Titmarsh, Esq. The Exhibitions." Fraser's Magazine, 19 (June): 743-50. July "Catherine: A Story [Chaps. V-VI]. By Ikey Solomons, Esq. Junior." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 20 (July): 98-112. 16 (Tue)

Thackeray and his family leave for Paris. [Ray 1: 390]

23

"Illustrations of the Rent Laws.—No. I." [A drawing with letterpress.] The Anti-Corn Law Circular, No. 8 (23 July): [iv]. [Cole 2: 143-46]

August "Catherine: A Story [Chap. VII]. By Ikey Solomons, Esq. Junior." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 20 (Aug.): 224-32. "Captain Rook and Mr. Pigeon. By William Thacker[a]y." Heads of the People Taken Off by Kenny



"Speeches of Lord Brougham." The British and Foreign Review, 8 (Apr.): 490-539. [Ray 1: 378, 388]

46


24 (Sat)

"Letters from London, Paris, Pekin, Petersburgh, &c By the author of 'The Yellowplush Correspondence,' the 'Memoirs of Major Gahagan,' &c" Signed "T. T." The Corsair [New York], 24 Aug., pp. 380-82. [Paris Sketch Book: "An Invasion of France"]

September 14 (Sat) "Letters from London, Paris, Pekin, Petersburgh, &c By the author of 'The Yellowplush Correspondence,' the 'Memoirs of Major Gahagan,' &c" Signed "T. T.M The Corsair [New York], 14 Sept, pp. 429-30. [Paris Sketch Book: "Madame Sand and the New Apocalypse"] 21

"Letters from London, Paris, Pekin, Petersburgh, &c By the author of 'The Yellowplush Correspondence,1 the 'Memoirs of Major Gahagan,' &c (Madame Sand and Spiridion Concluded.)" Signed "T. T." The Corsair [New York], 21 Sept, pp. 445-47. [Paris Sketch Book: "Madame Sand and the New Apocalypse"]

October "The French Plutarch. No. L I. Cartouche. II. Poinsinet" Fraser's Magazine, 20 (Oct.): 447-59. [Paris Sketch Book] Thackeray writes to his friend, John Mitchell Kemble, editor of The British and Foreign Review, proposing a humorous 50 page article on "die history of Napoleon after the French papers, and after the English: the battles &c. in the 2 versions—under the title of 'Contemporary History'" [Harden 1: 54]. Kemble did not take up the proposal, but Thackeray recalled it in his lecture on George III: "I thought at one time of making a collection of the lies which the French had written against us, and we had published against them during the war: it would be a strange memorial of popular falsehood." [Works 13: 776] 5 (Sat)

"Letters from London, Paris, Pekin, Petersburgh, &c By the author of 'The Yellowplush Correspondence,' the 'Memoirs of Major Gahagan,' &c." Signed "T. T." The



Meadows. [With two illustrations by Meadows.] First Series. No. X (Aug.): 305-20.

1811-63

47

26

"Letters from London, Paris, Pekin, Petersburgh, &c By the author of 'The Yellowplush Correspondence,' the 'Memoirs of Major Gahagan,' &c" Signed "T. T." The Corsair [New York], 26 Oct., pp. 521-23.

November "Catherine: A Story [Chaps. VIII-X]. By Ikey Solomons, Esq. Junior." Fraser's Magazine, 20 (Nov.): 531-48. 19 (Tue)

Thackeray and his family return to London. [Ray 1: 390-91]

December "On the French School of Painting." Signed "M. A. T." Fraser's Magazine, 20 (Dec): 679-88. [Paris Sketch Book] "The Great Cossack Epic of Demetrius Rigmarolovicz." Fraser's Magazine, 20 (Dec): 715-27. [Miscellanies: "The Legend of St Sophia of KiofT] 1 (Sun)-2 Writing to his mother, Thackeray says that he has recently seen Bulwer's latest play, The Sea Captain, and "was very much bored." The experience prompted him to write "a thundering article" mocking the play: "Epistles to the Literati. No. XIII." He also mentions the success of Ainsworth's novel Jack Sheppard: "I have not read this latter romance but one or two extracts are good: it is acted at four theatres, and they say that at the Cobourg people are waiting about the lobbies, selling Shepherd-bags—a bag containing a few picklocks that is, a screw driver, and iron lever, one or two young gentlemen have already confessed how much they were indebted to Jack Sheppard who gave them ideas of pocket-picking and thieving wh. they never would have had but for the play. Such facts must greatly delight an author who aims at popularity." Finally, he urges his mother to read Carlyle's recent Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, saying of the book that "a nobler one does not live in our language I am sure, and one that will have such an effect on our ways



Corsair [New York], 5 Oct, pp. 473-75. [Paris Sketch Book: "The Fetes of July"]


Writing to John Mitchell Kemble, Thackeray tells him of his intention to write an article on Napoleon and mentions that in four months he intends to publish "that unfortunate book about France wh. I am compelled to write [The Paris Sketch Book ]." [Harden 1:56] Writing again to Kemble, Thackeray tells him of his intention "to leave Napoleon alone till April" and instead "to write an article on French fashionable novelists." "Napoleon and His System" and "On Some French Fashionable Novelists" appeared in The Paris Sketch Book without having been previously published. [Harden 1: 59] Writing to his friend, Mrs. Bryan Waller Procter, Thackeray reports having "read the last poem by Walter Savage Landor Esqre. and think it the most miserable twaddle possible" [Harden 1: 63-64]. Landor's Andrea of Hungary and Giovanna of Naples were published in a single volume at the end of May 1839. "Illustrations of the Rent Laws.—No. II. British Independence, or The Choice of a Loaf." [A drawing with letterpress.] The Anti-Corn Law Circular, No. 18 (10 Dec): [iv]. [Cole 2: 143-46] Writing to his mother, Thackeray expresses the hope that his book "will be finished in 6 weeks please God, and now for the 1st time I begin to fancy that it will be tolerably pleasant." Anticipating its completion, he tells her of his intention to republish "the comic stories." He also speaks of FitzGerald's brother-inlaw, John Kerrich, as a good sober man: "if I had 3000 a year I think I'd be so too" [Ray 1: 397, 399]. Becky Sharp was to raise the sum to £5000 a year.



of thought and prejudices. Criticism has been a party matter with us until now, and literature a poor political lackey—please God we shall begin ere long to love art for art's sake. It is Carlyle who has worked more than any other to give it it's independence." [Ray 1: 394-96]

49

23-31

Writing to his mother, Thackeray expresses his belief that "Good is of necessity Eternal, independent of matter & existing in spite of it—that evil is material only—and that that future state wh. we all look for when our bodies are dead (as for the resurrection of the body that can't be—our bodies crawl away into worms, or bud into daisies & buttercups, or explode into Gas all wh. again undergo modifications)—our bodies then being dead, our souls if they live cannot but be happy." [Ray 1:403]

31

Isabella, writing to Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth, mentions that Thackeray will review TurnbulTs Austria for The Times, and that she thinks "the book will appear this Spring." [Harden 1: 60] "Barber Cox and the Cutting of his Comb." The Comic Almanack for 1840, With Twelve Illustrations of the Months, by Geo. Cruikshank. London: Charles Tilt, [1839], pp. 4-5. 8-9, 12-13, 16-17, 20-21, 24-25, 2829, 32-33, 36-37, 40-41, 44-45, 48. Four illustrations to John Barrow. The Exquisites: A Farce in Two Acts. (For private circulation only.) London: privately printed, 1839. [Van Duzer 46] 1840

January "Epistles to the Literati. No. XIII. Ch s Y-11-wpl-sh, Esq. to Sir Edward Lytton Bulwer, Bart." Fraser's Magazine, 21 (Jan.): 71-80. "Catherine: A Story [Chaps. XI-XIII]. By Ikey Solomons, Esq. Junior." Fraser's Magazine, 21 (Jan.): 106-15. "The Bedford-Row Conspiracy. In Two Parts." The New Monthly Magazine, 108 (Jan.): 99-111. Writing to Kemble, Thackeray mentions having halffinished "one of the most amusing spicy articles on Willis that ever was seen" [Ray 1: 406]. The material developed into two parodies of Willis that did not



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Thackeray sends some sheets of The Paris Sketch Book to Wright [Harden 1: 64] Penny postage begins. Thackeray sends Fraser the conclusion of Catherine and a paper by John Hamilton Reynolds critical of Ainsworth's criminal romancing, which appeared in the February 1840 issue of Fraser's Magazine as "William Ainsworth and Jack Sheppard." Thackeray also comments that "Yellowplush has been so well received—I looked for abuse in the Spectator & found extraordinary praise—that I think we might have one or 2 more papers by him." [Harden 1:66] Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "I have finished Catherine and now am casting about for some other subject it is not generally liked and I think people are quite right. A new Yellowplush addressed to Bulwer has made a great noise and has hit the Baronet pretty smartly. [I]t is very good natured however: but you won't like . . . such grotesque humour.. . . We have been on a sweet trip to Clapham to see my friend Cattermole who has married a charming little wife and has a beautiful place, and on another to Chelsea to see Carlyle and Mrs. C— pleasanter more high-minded people I don't know. If you were here and could be intimate with John Allen my how you would respect him—the man is just a perfect Saint nor more nor less: & not the least dogmatical or presumptuous: but working striving yearning, day & night in the most intense efforts to gain Christian perfection—and yet this world would not be so good a world as it is were all men like him: it would be but a timid ascetic place in wh. many of the finest faculties of the soul would not dare to exercise themselves—no man however can escape from his influence wh. is perfectly magnetic" [Ray 1: 412-13]



appear in The British and Foreign Review, but in the September and October 1841 issues of Fraser's Magazine. He also proposes an article on Socialist and Chartist publications, but it does not seem to have been written.

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51

February

"The Fashionable Authoress. By William Thackeray." Heads of the People or Portraits of the English. [With an illustration by Kenny Meadows.] New Series. No. Ill (Feb.): 73-84. 10 (Mon)

Marriage of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of SaxeCoburg-Gotha.

15

Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "To day . . . I have seen Blackwood a civil man, with plenty of room for me in his Magazine . . . but the deuce is the wear & tear of it: and the wear and tear of London—there has not been five minute's cessation of knocks & bellringing this blessed day: and between times my wife comes in with the prettiest excuses in the world." Thackeray, however, never published in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine. He also tells his mother of his intention not to write anything more for The British and Foreign Review: "Jacky Kemble gives himself such airs that he may go to the deuce his own way. . . . Carlyle says Catherine is wonderful, and many more laud it highly, b[ut it is] a disgusting subject & no mistake." [Ray 1: 419-21]

March "Epistles to the Literati. No. XIV. On French Criticism of the English, and Notably in the Affair of the Vengeur." Fraser's Magazine, 21 (Mar.): 332-45. [Ray I: cvii] "The Bedford-Row Conspiracy. Part Two. Chap. I." The New Mon thly Magazine, 108 (Mar.): 416-2 5. 2 (Mon)-3 Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "two friends of mine Martin Thackeray and Sir Henry Webb, have put my name up at the Reform Club: now I gave them no sort of authority: but certainly said I should like to belong to the Club, never contemplating it however not having twenty guineas to spare [for the entrance fee].



"Catherine: A Story [Chaps. (XIV)-(XV)]. By Ikey Solomons, Esq. Junior." Fraser's Magazine, 21 (Feb.): 200-12.

Now that the deed is done however I shall not withdraw, for the Club will bring me into connexion with liberal men, and what is more keep me out of temptation to write for Tory papers, of wh. the pay and the number is by far the greatest." He also tells her "I have had a reconciliation with the Times: old Barnes is excessively kind and the delay has been my fault. I am working for them a little now, and hope to get a sweet little sum of money ready by the dear 25th. —bless the Quarter-days. . . . I have £21 in my pocket, and am owed 30 more: besides the book 50 whenever that is ready, 1/2 of Vol 1 is at the Printer's. . . . I think of bringing out a collection of Comic Tales, as soon as the Paris Book is finished." [Harden 1: 73-74] "Krasinski's Sketch of the Reformation in Poland.—Vol. II." The Times, 5 Mar., p. 5. [Ray 1: 424-25] "Turnbull's Austria." [Harden 1: 60]

The Times,

16 Mar., p. 3.

Writing to his mother, Thackeray responds to her praise of Catherine by saying: "it . . . was a mistake all through—it was not made disgusting enough that i s the fact, and the triumph of it would have been to make readers so horribly horrified as to cause them to give up or rather throw up the book and all of it's kind, whereas you see the author had a sneaking kindness for his heroine, and did not like to make her utterly worthless." Speaking of "The Bedford-Row Conspiracy," he says with some exaggeration: "The B.R.C. is stolen from the French"—i.e. from Charles de Bernard's nouvelle, l e Pied d'argile. [Ray 1: 432-33]

"The Bedford-Row Conspiracy. Part Two. Chap. II." The New Monthly Magazine, 108 (Apr.): 547-57. Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "My book has not got on much since I wrote last nor indeed have I done much, but I am in a ceaseless whirl and whizz from morning to night, now with the book, now with the drawings, now with articles for Times, Fraser, here and there: . . . the days pass away to me like half-




53

hours, or rather like no time at all, clean forgotten as soon as spent; one being exactly like the other and passed in a kind of delirium. . . . I have just done a huge article on G. Cruikshank for the L & W. wh. I will send you when it appears. And furthermore am bringing out on my own account a weekly paper called the Foolscap Library." Speaking of Dickens's Master Humphrey's Clock, he says: "The new Boz is dull but somehow gives one a very pleasing impression of the man: a noble tender-hearted creature, who sympathizes with all the human race. . . . I fail by sneering too much: but I think Foolscap will succeed it begins with the adventures of Dionysius Diddler all in pictures like M. Vieuxbois—quite fabulous: but a good likeness of Lardner & Bulwer introduced" [Ray 1: 43738]. The Foolscap Library did not come into being, and "The History of Dionysius Diddler" appeared only after Thackeray's death, in The Autographic Mirror, between 20 February and 1 June 1864. [Works 1: 599608] 30 (Thu)

Writing to Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth, Isabella says: "William is full of his Dionisius, . . . The Engravers spoil his designs in the most cruel manner They are something in the style of M. Vieuxbois, and he proposes bringing out 12 for sixpence.... It is a kind of pastime for W. for you know it gives him no trouble to sketch." play 1: 441]

May "The Artists. By Michael Angelo Titmarsh." Heads of the People or Portraits of the English. [With two illustrations by Kenny Meadows.] New Series. No. VI (May): 161-76. Writing to his mother, Thackeray refers to "the Foolscap library wh. after 3 weeks botheration I fear is going to nothing—not from any fault of mine I believe but from the blundering of printers. . . . I have been rejoicing in the [Royal Academy and Water Colour Society] Exhibitions this week wh. always set me in a fever for a certain number of days, and set me buying painting-boxes and thinking that I have missed my vocation. . . . We have spent £200 since Xmas: wh. is



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54


27 (Wed) Thackeray's daughter, Harriet Marian, is born. [Ray 5: 251] June "A Shabby Genteel Story [Chaps. MI]." Magazine, 21 (June): 677-89.

Fraser's

"A Pictorial Rhapsody by Michael Angelo Titmarsh." Fraser's Magazine, 21 (June): 720-32. "George Cruikshank," Signed "0." The Westminster Review, 34 (June): 1-60. 1 (Mon)

Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "The two small patients are getting on very well. . . . The horrible book is at last done—all but the last page: this page has taken me 3 days I have such an unnatural slowness upon me. And think of my pleasure with 7/6 in my pocket when I sent to Cunningham [successor to Macrone] for the £50 to find that I was not to have it until the book was published wh. mayn't be for months. What was I to do? to curse to stamp to rage to meditate pawning my watch but blessed be fate. Celestial Fraser owes me £20 or near it and so I shall perhaps be all the better for the delay of the 50 being obliged to make a dreadful scuffle of work all next month instead of idling. The . . . little baby is very like the dear little one we lost—strangely like in voice. . . . The immortal Paris Sketch Book is this instant concluded: after unheard of throes and pangs of labour." [Ray 1: 446-48]

10

"Ranke's 'History of the Popes.'" The Times, 10 June, p. 3. [Ray 1: 460-61]

July "A Shabby Genteel Story [Chaps. III-IV]." Fraser's Magazine, 22 (July): 90-101.



not much although a great deal, but with wages 2 houserents & &cs we can't do it much under.... I have lots of work on hand . . . but am going to do wonders directly. . . . Dickens is sadly flat, with his Old Clock: but still sells 50000." [Ray 1: 442-44]

55

Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray tells her: "The greatest poet in the House of Commons [Richard Monckton Milnes] came here yesterday morning at half past three, and we drove together in his famous fly . . . to Newgate to see Courvoisier killed. It was a horrible sight indeed, and I can't help mentioning it for the poor wretch's face will keep itself before my eyes, and the scene mixes itself up with all my occupations." [Ray 1: 454] "A Pictorial Rhapsody: Concluded." Magazine, 22 (July): 112-26.

Fraser's

Writing to his mother on his 29 th birthday, Thackeray announces the "commemoration of the immortal 18 July. I send you an Examiner by wh. you will perceive that Forster though he has tried to praise Titmarsh, does not care for it much: and abuses the drawings. [T]he Times is very good natured to it yesterday, but in small print, wh. is a great difference in the Publisher's view. I wonder if the pictures are very bad? Morton and FitzGerald say they are, but I am always pleased with my most unsuccessful productions. I have been to see Courvoisier hanged & am miserable ever since I can't do my work and yet work must be done for the poor babbies' sake. It is most curious the effect his death has had on me, and I am trying to work' it off in a paper on the subject [M]eanwhile it weighs upon the mind, like cold plum pudding on the stomach, & as soon as I begin to write, I get melancholy." [Ray 1: 453] The Paris Sketch Book, by "Mr. Titmarsh," is published in two volumes with illustrations under the imprint of the recently-deceased John Macrone. It is dedicated to M. Aretz, a Parisian tailor who lent Thackeray 1,000 francs, and it has a prefatory note dated 1 July. [Ray 1: 455-56, Ray 5: 477] Writing to Bryan Procter, Thackeray thanks him for the gift of a dozen bottles of Bordeaux, and jokingly refers to himself, author of the newly-published Paris Sketch Book, as "author of the most popular work that



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has appeared in the present day." Citing a review of the book in The Athenaeum by a mutual friend, Henry Chorley, Thackeray remarks that "Chorley quarrels with the book in question on account of its' lack of gentility," and facetiously promises Procter "to curb in future that laissez-aller wh. appears to have offended him, & to write only in the genteel style." More seriously, he calls Chorley's review "a capital notice I think, and the sly reproach for ungentility a compliment. I'm afraid Forster is right about the badness of the drawings; every one agrees with him but the Spectator & The Author." [Harden 1: 82] Illustration entitled "Give Us Our Daily Bread." The Anti-Corn Law Circular, No. 39 (30 July): [Hi]. [Harden 1: 50-51] Writing to his mother regarding the reception of The Paris Sketch Book, Thackeray tells her "It has been very much puffed—eight or nine good puffs at least, and is selling very well about 400 have been got off already. Enough to pay ail the expenses of authorship printing &c and to leave 500£ profit to the publisher if the rest are sold. Longman the great publisher and Chapman & Hall Dickens's publishers with whom I have opened negociations seem to be very willing to enter into treaty with me: & I hope that something good will come out of it all—something better than that odious magazine-work wh. wd. kill any writer in 6 years. What do you think of Titmarsh in Ireland that is my next plan—I could make a good thing of it I think; and get 300£ for my 3 months work instead of 120 wh. the Magazines wd. pay me. . . . I make fine Alnaschar visions on the subject. . . . I will break from the Magazines that's flat" [Ray 1: 459]. Negotiations with Longman were unsuccessful, but Chapman and Hall did publish his work, beginning with The Irish Sketch Book in 1843. In the same letter Thackeray tells her that rather than attempt to work in the busy family rooms, "I write generally at the Reform Club." Finally, he reports having "read Ranke's 'History of the Popesf] (in the way of business) with much pleasure. It is a great book, and may be read with profit by some




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57

31

Writing to his friend, Henry Cole, Thackeray discusses republishing his essay on Cruikshank, which had appeared in the June 1840 issue of The Westminster Review: "If the Cruikshank article is to be published in the shape of a pamphlet, I would humbly suggest to you—that the author who was paid 1/2 price in the first instance, should be paid something for his name and his permission to use his writing. I have spoken with him on the subject & he says, by Jove, he will not otherwise consent to the appearance of the publication" [Harden 1: 84]. The essay was in fact republished in the form of an anonymous pamphlet later in the year by Henry Hooper.

August "Going to See A Man Hanged." Signed "W. M. T." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 22 (Aug.): 150-58. "A Shabby Genteel Story [Chaps. V-VI]." Fraser's Magazine, 22 (Aug.): 226-37. 4 (Tue)

Isabella, writing to Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth, tells her that Thackeray has gone to Belgium in order to do "a series of articles for Blackwood" and he "is sure that Titmarsh in Belgium will take as Titmarsh in Paris." [Ray 1: 462]

11

"Ranke's 'History of the Popes.'" The Times, 11 Aug., p. 6.

16


18

"Ranke's 'History of the Popes.'" The Times, 18 Aug., p. 6. Writing to his mother from Margate, Thackeray tells her that on his recent return from Belgium he found Isabella "in such an extraordinary state of languor and depression" that after dealing with Chapman and Hall

20-21



persons [like his mother] who wonder how other persons can talk about the 'beautiful Roman Catholic church in whose bosom repose so many saints & sages.'" [Ray 1: 460-61]

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology he has brought her to the seaside. "I sold my mss. to Chapman & Hall for 70—that is a little book on Belgium & the Rhine to come out as a guide-book next year." This intention was never carried out, but a second proposal to them was ultimately fulfilled: "I have made an agreement with them for Ireland. £100 down, £100 on publication £100 more by degrees up to 1200 copies the end of the edition." [Ray 1: 463]

late August-1 September Writing to his mother from Margate, Thackeray tells her that Isabella is still "so low," and that he cannot "get much work done with the pitiful looks always fixed on me—and I am so unused to . . . keeping back perforce a great fund of animal spirits that want to break out in the shape of argument or jollification that the bottling of them in is annoying to me. Without my favorite talk about pictures or books I am good for nothing." He asks "the only Capitalist of our family," Mary Graham, to be his guarantor. "Chapman & Hall before they give me the £100 want the security of some solvent person that their money should be reimbursed in case of my death or non-fulfillment of my contract." An appropriate document from her "will get me 100£ in a jiffy, and please God Mary's money will not be wanted. . . . As soon as I see myself decently in the way of making money & have had my [urethral] stricture cured I will insure my life." In the same letter, a few days later, at the end of August, he reports having "managed to do about £20 worth of work for the Times this fortnight, and am now deep in a Shabby Genteel Story for Fraser." [Ray 1: 467-69] September 2 (Wed) "Fielding's Works. In One Volume. With a Memoir by Thomas Roscoe." The Times, 2 Sept., p. 6. 8

Thackeray writes to Chapman and Hall proposing two illustrated volumes to be called "Titmarsh in Ireland, of the size and somewhat of the nature of my Paris Book." A memorandum of agreement signed on this date provides for the immediate payment of £120, to be followed by £50 on the delivery of the manuscript, £40 on the sale of the first 250 copies, and £35 on the sale



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of the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth 250 copies. Hence, if the entire edition of 1500 copies is sold, Thackeray will receive a total of £385. In case a second edition is required, the profits will be divided equally [Ray 1: 470-71], Thackeray also proposed a book on Italy, but Chapman and Hall did not express interest. As additional security, Thackeray left his plate chest with them. [Ray 1: 473] Thackeray writes to his aunt, Mrs. John Ritchie, that although "the sea-air seemed to do my dear little invalid a great deal of good," they "have been in London only 3 days, and now she is just as bad as ever she has been This being the case, we are all going off in a body to Mrs. Shawe at Cork: there I shall leave the little part of the family and go wandering about as best I may." [Ray 1: 471] Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "Poor Isabella's lowness of spirits came back directly on returning to London: I think it would drive me mad to be much longer alone with it, and I am sure female companionship wd. be the best thing for her. . . . We were not 3 weeks at Margate, & it cost £32—O Titmarsh Titmarsh why did you marry?—why for better or for worse. Let us pray God to enable us to bear either." [Ray 1:473] Thackeray and his family embark for Ireland. [Ray 5: 255] Writing to his mother, Thackeray reports that he and his family arrived at Cork on the 15th "after a long horrible journey . . . that I can't think of now without shuddering. My dear wife's melancholy augmented to absolute insanity during the voyage, and I had to watch her for 3 nights (when she was positively making attempts to destroy herself,) and brought her here quite demented. She is better—a little better—just now, and the Doctor a very eminent & experienced man of these parts gives me the strongest hopes of her. . . . Jane [Shawe] & her mother have done my poor patient a great deal of g o o d . . . . Indeed . . . n o w . . . I can see . . . that she has been deranged for several weeks past. On



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A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology the day I went to Belgium she began to laugh as I went away,—she has been in this mood more or less since her confinement" Since he cannot travel about the country for his book on Ireland, he seeks to distract himself by being "busy making a play wh. Charles Mathews promises to give particular attention to for Covent Garden." [Ray 1: 474-75]

19-20

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her: "Thank Heaven my little woman is prospering, and is, not quite restored again, but astonishingly better, as well as she was at Margate certainly for now I see more clearly than I did then—much better than she has been since our horrible steam-boat journey." He then reveals a formidable problem: "What we shall have to contend with after her return to health will be the most difficult malady of all—the profound abattement and disgust of life under wh. she labors. She does not care in the least for me or her children as yet: and if not most carefully watched would I am confident make another attempt on her life. This day week was the last—O blessed God that prevented the committing of the crime, and saved her as he did." Speaking of the nursemaid, Jessie Brodie, Thackeray says: "I never saw anything more beautiful than that woman's attention to the children on board the steamer. She was sick almost every 1/4 of an hour, but up again immediately staggering after the little ones feeding one & fondling another. Indeed a woman's heart is the most beautiful thing that God has created and I feel I can't tell you what respect for her." [Ray 1: 475-77]

30

Writing to his mother, Thackeray mentions a play in which Charles Mathews has expressed interest, and reports progress, having "done near 3 acts of the 5." [Ray 1: 482]

October "A Shabby Genteel Story [Chaps. VII-IX]." Fraser's Magazine, 22 (Oct.): 399-414. 4-5 (Sun) Writing to his mother, Thackeray provides details about Isabella's suicide attempts: "on board the boat, the poor thing flung herself into the water (from the



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water-closet) & was twenty minutes floating in the sea, before the ship's boat even saw her. 0 my God what a dream it is! I hardly believe it now I write. She was found floating on her back, paddling with her hands, and had never sunk at all. . . . In the next night she made fresh attempts at destruction and the first week here was always attempting to quit the bed: You may fancy what rest I had. I had a riband round her waist, & to my waist, and this always woke me if she moved." He also mentions having "nearly done the 4th. act of my play," but he does not appear to have completed it [Ray 1: 483-84] Disgusted with the overbearing Mrs. Shawe, Thackeray embarks for England with his family [Ray 1: 486]. She served as a model for intolerable mothers-in-law in Thackeray's fiction. Writing to his mother from Clifton, near Bristol, Thackeray tells her of having spent £58 on the Irish trip, of having £20 left, and anticipating having only £5 on arriving in London. He asks for financial help, proposes "a second series of the Sketch-Book: wh. I could easily sell I presume," and is undecided about coming to Paris or staying in London. He says that if she were to come to London, he could give the children into her care and place Isabella in an asylum near the city. "Brodie is going to leave me soon, she is to be married to a man very well to do in the world: but she won't go until something can be done with the children & their poor mother" [Harden 1; 87]. Indeed, "she gave up her engagement rather than leave his children unattended at such a time." [Ray 5: 258] Napoleon's body is exhumed on St. Helena for reburial in Paris. A "second edition" [in actuality a second printing] of The Paris Sketch Book is published in two volumes with illustrations under the Macrone imprint. Since Thackeray's mother could not come to London, he takes his family to Paris to be near her, his stepfather, and Mary Graham. [Ray 5: 259-60]



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62


December 3 (Thu) Writing to James Fraser, Thackeray says: "I left purposely the Shabby Genteel Story in such a state that it might be continued in the Magazine or not as you and I liked best. Would you like it to be continued? In that case I should like to write the whole story off, and of course be paid for it on delivering over the MSS. Some 4 sheets I think would complete the affair. Please let me know whether I shall proceed with it, for though I can't afford to begin any new articles at your prices this one had better be gone through with if you think fit." Fraser, however, did not take up Thackeray's proposal. Thackeray also mentioned having "got a very decent price from Cunningham for a republication of my comic miscellanies" [Ray 1: 48889]. Remembrance of "A Shabby Genteel Story" prompted Thackeray to write The Adventures of Philip twenty years later. 15

Napoleon's body is interred at the Hotel des Invalides in Paris.

20

Cunningham announces that Michael Angelo Titmarsh is in Paris preparing an account of the Funeral of Napoleon. 1841

January 10 (Sun) Writing to FitzGerald, Thackeray says: "I saw my dear little woman yesterday for the first time for six weeks, since wh. time she has been at Esquirol's 'famous Maison de Sante.'. . . [A]t first she was in a fever and violent, then she was indifferent, now she is melancholy & silent. . . . She kissed me at first very warmly and with tears in her eyes, then she went away from me, as if she felt she was unworthy of having such a God of a husband. God help her." He also mentions that "My father mother and cousin are all going off to Italy . . . to meet a brother of the governor's [Colonel



late November Thackeray places Isabella in Esquirol's Maison de Sante at Ivry. [Ray 5: 260]

63

Charles Carmichael (who dropped "Smyth")] who has just come after 20 years from India—a noble fellow who adores my mother, and thinks my father the best man in the world, and has fallen in love with my cousin whom he knew when she was 4 years old, and who has fallen in love with him too as young ladies will do who are five and twenty and love letter writing. . . . My poor mother is going though it breaks her heart to part with the children—and my Grandmother & I are to keep house: that is she keeps house & I live in i t Since my calamity, I have learned to love all these people a great deal more—my mother especially God bless her who has such a tender yearning big heart that I begin to cry when I think of her: and when I see her with the children, cleaving to them, am obliged to walk off for the sight is too much for me. When you read Titmarsh's letters to Miss Smith wh. I trust you will buy, as 7 l/2d out of the 2/6 will come to me—you will read a pretty incident about her and the children apropos of the Napoleon procession [Works 3: 424-27], I don't know what the rest of the book is scarcely for I saw no proofs and wrote as hard as I could." Finally, he says: "I intend to flare up and write a novel—about something, I don't know what yet but have a fancy for the reign of Henry V" [Ray 2: 3-5]. The result was an unfinished romance set in the fifteenth century, "The Knights of Borsellen." [Cen. Works 25: 3-42] The Second Funeral of Napoleon, by "M. A. Titmarsh," with illustrations, together with "The Chronicle of the Drum," is published by Hugh Cunningham. Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray tells her that "100 copies have already been sold: So that you see my fortune is very clear. . . . Please to read the account of the family procession: my dear old mother is the heroine of it." [Harden 1: 90-91] Writing to James Fraser, Thackeray says: "When I left London I was so puffed up with the success of Titmarsh, and the fine agreement I had made with Chapman & Hall [for The Irish Sketch Book], as to scorn all minor pay & thought of nothing but writing books & if I occasionally wrote for a magazine, having some



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immense reward for my labours. I find however that the publishers can do without me much better than I without them." Telling Fraser of Isabella's condition and of his hopes for her recovery, he explains that "in the meantime I cannot quit the neighbourhood of the place where she is, and am obliged to pay monthly very heavy sums for her care." After three months of being with her constantly and not completing any work, he has "done something during the last 2 months, & am anxious to dispose of what I have done." Since his "first venture" was "a very unsuccessful one in the shape of the Napoleon Funeral, wh. every body has praised but nobody has bought, . . . I must go back to my old trade again." Accordingly, he offers Fraser "2 articles of mine for next month—they are both I believe very good—One on gormandizing already advertized, and another on the memoirs of Gisquet—a history of Conspiracies in France during the last 10 years," acknowledging that The Times rejected the first part of "Gisquet's Memoirs," though he labored mightily on it He asks Fraser to "think of my dear little wife so wretched yonder," and explains that he needs "£20 (500 francs the price of her board) by . . . April. I am just going to pay my last 20£ note for her board during the month of March" [Harden 1: 93]. Fraser accepted both articles. Writing to Mrs. Carlyle, Thackeray asks her to post three enclosed letters, one to Fraser and one to The Times, and to use her influence with common friends "to get me a great puff of the reprint of the YPlush in the Times" and in The Examiner. "2 vols. are fast coming out with illustrations." He also asks Carlyle to use his influence with Fraser, and mentions sending a manuscript to Bentley ["The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond"] (who unfortunately published nothing by Thackeray during 1841). He concludes: "Dear Mrs. Carlyle, Ponder over these things in your heart, and pardon me for sending you so much about Ego: but you can do great good to Ego just now, and will I know." [Harden 1: 94-95] Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells of working on the "etchings for the new edition of Yellowplush."




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Discouraged by the fact that The Second Funeral of Napoleon has sold only 140 copies, he speaks of "getting dreadfully bitten with my old painting mania; and as soon as I have written that famous book you know of, & made a few hundred pounds make a vow to the great Gods that I will try the thing once more. Meanwhile I have put the novel aside . . . , to get if poss: something ready agst April for Mrs. T." [Ray 2: 9-10] March 4 (Thu)

Mary Graham and Col. Charles Carmichael are married. [Ray 2:9]

15

Writing to Mary Carmichael in Rome, Thackeray thanks her for the money she has sent him. "I had your first 25£ safe enough, and paid the Doctor with a share of it, and spent the rest like a man: as for the other it has come to me just in the most opportune manner possible for my pocket was empty, though I have just let off work enough to pay my rent just due, and two months more of Isabella's pension. Only last night I was thinking to myself how shall I fight on? and see here comes your 619 francs that set my heart at ease, and will enable me to get to work upon my novel directly." He also mentions Brodie's affectionateness, and of his having "written a long story—six articles of a series for a newspaper [Britannia], and made 17 engravings—that is 1 of the reasons I wish to continue here for a while to learn the mechanical part of that profitable pleasant art" [Harden 1: 96-98]

19

Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray mentions working on "a wonderful romance ["The Knights of Borsellen"], and oh I long for the day when the 3 volumes shall be completed." [Harden 1: 100]

20

Writing to Mrs. Carlyle, Thackeray tells her that "my dear little wife is only very very little better. . . . She is not near bad enough for me to suppose that cure i s impossible nor well enough that I may have her with the children." He also says: "Fraser wrote me a most kind affectionate letter in reply to the 1 I sent through you: and I have furnished him & Bentley with stuff



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A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology enough to keep my dear little woman where she is for 3 months to come. Meanwhile I am working at something that I hope will turn out better than poor Napoleon a sad failure; and live in clover royally with a good old grand mother who keeps me & the children. What a blessing it is in these distresses to find how many friends one has! , . . Good bye dear Mrs. Carlyle. It is very pleasant to me to think of such good friends as you and your husband are to me." [Harden 1:102]

April 5 (Mon)

Writing to Mrs. Procter, who has invited him to visit them, Thackeray says: "instead of going to London, I went to see my dear little patient at Ivry, and as the Doctors there honestly confessed that they could do nothing for her, determined to try—what? the medicine that is administered in the Opera of the Elisire d'Amore: and off I took the little woman a pleasant walk across the fields to a pleasant little gudgeon house on the river, where we had a dinner and she took 2 glasses of the Elixir wh. I devoted myself to finish. It did her a great deal of good & made her eyes sparkle, and actually for the first time these 6 months the poor little woman, flung herself into my arms with all her heart and gave me a kiss. . . . Only let her get well, and I shall be the happiest man in the world. Ye Gods how I will venerate Champagne—I always did." [Harden 1: 104-05] Because the doctors could do no more for Isabella, because Thackeray was disturbed by the presence of "wild fierce women rambling about" the sanitorium at Ivry, and because Isabella did not wish to return there, he removed her from the institution and took care of her himself for the next six weeks, [Ray 2: 1823]

May "Gisquet's Memoirs." Fraser's Magazine, 584-93. [Stokes 281-82] 1 (Sat)

23 (May):

"Loose Sketches. By Mr. Michael Angelo Titmarsh. [Reading a Poem.] In Two Parts.—Part I." Britannia, 1 May, pp. 283-84.



66

67

8

"Loose Sketches. By Mr. Michael Angelo Titmarsh. Reading a Poem. In Two Parts.—Part II." Britannia, 8 May, pp. 299-300.

9

Comic Tales and Sketches , 2 vols. with illustrations and a Preface dated 1 April 1841, is published by Hugh Cunningham. It contains "The Yellowplush Papers," "Some Passages in the Life of Major Gahagan," "The Professor," "The Bedford-Row Conspiracy," and "Stubbs's Calendar." [Ray 2: 9]

15

"Loose Sketches. By Mr. Michael Angelo Titmarsh. A St Philip's Day at Paris." Britannia, 15 May, pp. 31516.

22

"Loose Sketches. By Mr. Michael Angelo Titmarsh. St Philip's Day at Paris." Britannia, 22 May, p. 330.

28ff.

Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray tells her that for about "six weeks I was my wife's sole attendant, and almost broke down under the slavery:—well, a vsroman whom I have hired to do that work, does it with the utmost cheerfulness for 10 francs a week, and never thinks about being miserable at all. . . . My wife will get well I hope and believe. . . . There is nothing the matter with her except perfect indifference silence & sluggishness. She cares for nothing except for me a little. . . . She is not unhappy, and looks fresh, smiling and about 16 years old. [T]o day is her little baby's birth-day. She kissed the child when I told her of the circumstance, but does not care for it." [Harden 1: 106-07]

June "Memorials of Gormandising. In a Letter to Oliver Yorke, Esq. by M. A. Titmarsh." Fraser's Magazine, 23 (June): 710-25. 1 (Tue)

Writing to Richard Bentley, Thackeray says: "Have the goodness to give my MS. of the Diamond to my friend Mr. Cunningham—I can't get any answer about it from you good bad or indifferent, & next time your obedient Servant sends you an article you may set him down without fail to be you understand what [drawing of a



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5

"Loose Sketches. By Mr. Michael Angelo Titmarsh. Shrove Tuesday in Paris." Britannia, 5 June, p. 363.

19

"Loose Sketches. By Mr* Michael Angelo Titmarsh. Rolandseck." Britannia, 19 June, p. 394. Thackeray returns to London.

25

Thackeray arrives at Streatlam Castle, the country residence in Durham of John Bowes, who is standing for Parliament as a Whig. Thackeray accompanied his friend during Bowes's public appearances and wrote a supporting broadside consisting of three "Firebrand" letters dated 18 June, 30 June, and 1 July, "Printed at the Office of the Durham Chronicle" [Harden 2: 137381]. The poll was on 9-10 July, and Bowes was reelected [Ray 2; 28]. During his stay with Bowes, Thackeray conceived the idea for a burlesque of Nathaniel Parker Willis set in the context of an election, which appeared during September and October in Fraser's Magazine. He also learned about his host's ancestor, George Stoney Bowes, whose history ultimately prompted the writing of Barry Lyndon.

July "On Men and Pictures." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (July): 98-111. "The Firebrand Correspondence." [A broadside.] [Harden 2: 843] 13 (Tue)

Thackeray leaves Streatlam Castle to visit Richard Monckton Milnes at Fryston Hall in Yorkshire, the country seat of Milnes's father, Robert Pemberton Milnes. [Ray 2: 28]

17

The first number of Punch appears. 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


donkey]" [Harden 1: 110-11]. Neither Bentley nor Cunningham published "The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond"; it appeared in the September-December issues of Fraser's Magazine.

69

24

Writing to James Fraser on Saturday, Thackeray sends his regrets that he cannot accept Fraser's invitation to visit him at Streatly, near Reading, because "I am bound to be back with my poor wife on Wednesday at Paris." He also says: "I think on the 1st August the magazine will owe me some 17 or 18£. . . . I want to make up £17" 10. for my landlord whose rent was due 1 July." Finally, he tells of having "in my trip to the country, found materials (rather a character) for a story, that I'm sure must be amusing. I want to write & illustrate it" Referring to it as "BARRY-LYNN," he asks Fraser to "give a sheet & a half per month that sheet and a half could be stretched into two sheets for the shilling number by transposing (or whatever you call it) the type: and the book would thus make a handsome saleable volume at the end of the year. My subject 1 am sure is a good one, and I have made a vow to chasten and otherwise popularize my style. Thus I could have 20 guineas a month from you and a farther chance of profit from the sale of the single numbers. Were we to come to a bargain I would not of course begin until 3 numbers of the tale were in hand: with the plates &c." [Ray 2: 29-30]

27

Thackeray arrives back in Paris. At the urging of his mother, writing from Germany, Thackeray arranges hydropathic treatment for Isabella in Paris and then plans a trip with her to Germany for further treatment [Ray 2: 31-33]

August "Men and Coats." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (Aug.): 20817. 6 (Fri)

Thackeray writes in a diary: "sent off today Friday the article on the S. D. Election. The Morning Post very flattering to Men & Coats." He also learns of the death in India of his father's illegitimate daughter, Mrs. James Blechynden, the former Sarah Redfield, who has been supported by an annuity established by Richmond Thackeray. [Ray 2: 32-33]

7

Writing to George Nickisson, apparently the editor of Fraser's Magazine, Thackeray tells him that he has just



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A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology sent the election burlesque, and asks that Nickisson send "the proofs of it and the Hoggarty Diamond to my friend Charles Cole . . . , and beg him to correct the proofs, for my sake," explaining that "My wife is in a shocking state of health, and I am going in a sort of desperation to a German Quack on the Rhine, who says he thinks he can help her. My father & mother are there and will give me some comfort.—God knows I want it." He also says: "I have just received Fraser's letter— wh. has very much affected me. Send my kindest remembrances to him. I do heartily hope and pray to see the kind-hearted fellow once again, and trust that he may yet rally" [Harden 1: 112-13]. Fraser, however, died in October.

19

Writing to his aunt Ritchie from a sanatorium in the former Convent of Marienburg near Boppard on the Rhine, Thackeray says: "You will see by this address to what an out of the way place I have brought my poor little patient. It is however one of the most beautiful places in the world, a fine air, and a kind of genteel hospital set up for the cure of almost all complaints by means of sweating & cold water." After describing the melting and plunging, beginning at 4 AM, he says: "I have a strong hope that under this strange regimen my dear little patient will recover her reason. My mother is here whose presence is the greatest possible comfort to me, and with her for a short time my cousin with her husband Charles Smyth. They are 2 of the noblest people God ever made: and are as generous as I ever knew people—they have given me 500£, wh. with 500£ more that just falls into me through the death of poor Mrs. Blechynden, puts me out of the reach of fortune for some years to come, and removes the horrible care and fear of want wh. has been hanging over me in the past year since my wife's affliction." [Ray 2: 34]

September "The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond [Chaps. I-V]." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (Sept.): 324-43. "Notes on the North What-d'ye-callem Election [Letters MI]." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (Sept.): 352-58.



70

71

13ff. (Mon)

Writing to FitzGerald exactly a year after Isabella's "malady declared itself first," Thackeray describes the elaborate procedures that seem to have made her "extraordinarily better," and he recounts the comical beginning of "the sweating, & bathing.. . . The first days she would not stand the immense sluicing of the water-pipe, and I was obliged to go in with her. It would have made a fine picture—Mrs. Thack in the condition of our first parins, before they took to eating apples, and the great Titmarsh with nothing on but a petticoat lent him by his mother, and far too scanty to cover that immense posterior protuberance with wh. nature has furnished him. I'm the contrary of a cherubim that's the fact." Concluding the letter in October, he reports that Isabella is "not so well," being "excessively violent & passionate." He thinks of going back to Paris for the winter, having "a famous good plan" for a novel, apparently Barry Lyndon, and mentions having "written the first act of—a tragedy, of all things in the world: and in blank verse too for Macready [to] spout," but nothing ever developed out of this beginning. He also mentions having seen some work of the German "Nazarines," but says: "What I have seen of the German illuminated school is donkeyism—poorprecieuse stuff, with a sickening sanctified air." [Ray 2: 36-38]

ca. 14

Writing to George Cruikshank, Thackeray explains that he is "nailed to a village on the Rhine, for 2 months more . . . and am occupied all day in tending a sick wife." He asks about "the fate of the 2 former papers I sent you" and encloses another "in wh. perhaps you will find something for your pencil" [Harden 1: 11314]. One of these papers was evidently "Little Spitz," which appeared in the October issue of Cruikshank's periodical with an illustration by Cruikshank.

October "The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond [Chaps. VI-VII]." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (Oct.): 389-99. "Notes on the North What-d'ye-callem Election [Letters IIMV]." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (Oct.): 413-27.



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Thackeray returns with his wife to Paris. [Ray 2: 3940] November "The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond [Chaps. VII1-X]." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (Nov.): 594-611. December "The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond [Chaps. XI-XIII]." Fraser's Magazine, 24 (Dec): 717-34. "The King of Brentford's Testament. By Michael Angelo Titmarsh." George Cruikshank's Omnibus, 1 (Dec): 244-46. 27 (Mon)

Writing to James Worthington, editor of The Foreign Quarterly Review, which had recently been purchased by Chapman and Hall, Thackeray thanks him for his kind note and promises to furnish him "with the articles at the time stated—at abt the beginning of March." The articles to which he alludes were "The German in England" and "The Last Fifteen Years of the Bourbons," which appeared in the July issue of the journal, by which time John Forster had succeeded Worthington as editor. [Harden 1: 114-15] 1842

February "Sultan Stork. Being the One Thousand and Second Night. Translated from the Persian, by Major G. O'Gahagan, H. E. I. C. S. Part the First—The Magic Powder." [With an illustration by George Cruikshank.] Ainsworth's Magazine, 1 (Feb.): 33-38. 10 (Thu)

Thackeray places Isabella in the care of a Dr. Puzin at Chaillot [Ray 2: 41]



"Little Spitz. A Lenten Anecdote, from the German of Professor Spass. By Michael Angelo Titmarsh." [With an illustration by George Cruikshank.] George Cruikshank's Omnibus, 1 (Oct): 167-72.

73

Writing to Chapman and Hall, Thackeray tells them: " A friend carries to London to day the article wh. I promised you—1/2 that is: for I have only been able to get down to the Revolution of July; & must keep L. P. for another number." "The Last Fifteen Years of the Bourbons" appeared in the July issue of The Foreign Quarterly Review, but the projected sequel on Louis Philippe was apparently not written. He also proposes "an article on Victor Hugo's Rhine," which appeared in the April issue, and mentions looking "forward with pleasure to the Irish trip in Spring" to gather material for The Irish Sketch Book. [Ray 2: 42-43]

"Dickens in France." With two illustrations. Fraser's Magazine, 25 (Mar.): 342-52. (Ray 2: 45] Writing to FitzGerald, Thackeray tells him that placing Isabella with Dr. Puzin was something that he "was obliged to do . . . for she was past my management She is close by at Chaillot, perfectly happy, obedient and reasonable. I see her of course continually—but it makes my heart sick to be parted from her; and every now and then turns up something, some reminiscence of old times or some simple thing wh. she says, & wh. knocks me quite down, and makes me cry like a child. I get melancholy too being with the children, they are not half the children without their mother." He also says: "It is a great comfort to be able to like the theatre once again," and mentions having gone the day before to hear Rossini's "very beautiful" "Stabat Mater," and having enjoyed the "especially admirable" performance of Antonio Tamburini. Referring to Hugo's new book on the Rhine, Thackeray amusedly comments: "He is very great, and writes like a God Almighty." [Ray 2: 43-44] Thackeray sends off to Chapman and Hall his article on Hugo's The Rhine. [Ray 2: 830] Following a rupture between Chapman and Hall and the editor of The Foreign Quarterly Review, James Worthington, Thackeray applies for the post but is unsuccessful. [Harden 1: 117-18]



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April

April/May Thackeray moves to London, establishing residence at 13 Great Coram Street, near Russell Square, with Charles and Mary Carmichael and their infant son, Charles Henry Edward. [Ray 1: 46, Ray 5: 279] May "Sultan Stork. Being the One Thousand and Second Night. Translated from the Persian, by Major G. O'Gahagan, H. E. I. C. S. Part the Second.— The Enchanted Princess." [With an illustration by George Cruikshank.] Ainsworth's Magazine, 1 (May): 23337. 16 (Mon)

Writing to William Edward Hickson, editor of The Westminster Review, Thackeray proposes an article on "Modern English Comedies," but the project came to nothing. [Ray 2: 48]

17

Writing to Richard Bentley, Thackeray says: "I have brought with me from France two vols of a novel (translated) wh. is really so extraordinarily interesting that it can't fail I shd. think to make a hit: strange to say it is not all indecent" He proposes that it "would answer for 3 volumes or for the Miscellany if your audacious spirit thought fit to venture upon a continuous translated story in that periodical," and says, "It might most advantageously be illustrated by cuts in the text wh. would be executed on the block" [Harden 1: 120]. Bentley, however, did not take up Thackeray's proposal regarding the unidentified novel.

June "Fitz-Boodle's Confessions. George Fitz-Boodle, Esquire, to Oliver Yorke, Esquire." Fraser's Magazine, 25 (June): 707-21. "An Exhibition Gossip. By Michael Angelo Titmarsh."Ainsworth's Magazine, 1 (June): 319-22. [Ray 2: 54]



"The Rhine [by Victor Hugo]." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 29 (Apr.): 139-67.

ff.

75

Writing to his mother from Southborough, Thackeray speaks of having revisited Tunbridge Wells for the first time since 1823, when he vacationed there with his mother and step-father, and also of having seen Penshurst, and of treasuring his escape from the bustle of Coram Street He mentions that "Fitz-Boodle's Confessions" "has made a sort of hit: and I've been writing for the F. Q. and a very low paper called Punch, but that's a secret—only its good pay, and a great opportunity for unrestrained laughing sneering kicking and gambadoing. Likewise I've done for Ainsworth 2 little articles for Fraser 3 long ones, so that I've not been idle since I've been away— . • . here there is so much stir, bustle and blood flowing, that the work is done in 1/2 the time. Fraser has paid my wife's last month & has enough for the 2 next, and it will be a great pleasure to me if I can go to Ireland with my own earnings, and without touching Mary's money." [Ray 2: 52, 54-55] Writing to John Forster, the new editor of The Foreign Quarterly Review, Thackeray submits material relating to his article, "Travelling Romancers: Dumas on the Rhine," which appeared in the October issue. [Harden 1: 121-22] "The Legend of Jawbrahim-Heraudee." With four illustrations. Punch, 2 (18 June): 254-56, Thackeray's first contribution to that magazine. [Spielmann 16-17, 319] Thackeray leaves London for Ireland by way of Wales. [Ray 2: 56] Writing to his mother, Thackeray says: "I wish I had a companion . . . to share the pleasure, FitzGerald or [Saville] Morton or Tennyson: who is a growler but a man of genius." He still hopes that God will bring Isabella back to him, but meanwhile resolves "not to think of the matter at all, but to try & write a good book, and see if I can put myself in some way to earn a secure & decent living." The following day he travels westward, stopping at Tintern Abbey on the way. [Ray 2: 56-58]



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July "Professions by George Fitz-Boodle. Being Appeals to the Unemployed Younger Sons of the Nobility." Fraser's Magazine, 26 (July): 43-60. Quarterly

"The Last Fifteen Years of the Bourbons." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 29 (July): 384-420. 2 (Sat)

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. A Character, (To Introduce Another Character)." With two illustrations. Punch, 3 (2 July): 8-9.

4

Thackeray arrives in Dublin. Writing to Chapman and Hall, he says: "I have been only here 6 hours, and see quite enough for a good long chapter already, and have bought a fine new blank book." He mentions that he still plans to do "the Louis Philippe article" on his return to London; though it "will take much time,... I want to do it, for reputation's sake." He concludes by saying: "Present my cordial homages to Dickens. I was at Liverpool when he was there, & knew nothing of that news, until he was on his way to London" [Ray 2: 6465]. Dickens had just returned from his first visit to America. Thackeray meets Charles Lever, who entertains him at Templeogue, his home just outside of Dublin. [Ray 5: 293] After a few days in Dublin, Thackeray sets off for southern Ireland, part of the time travelling with Fitzgerald's uncle, Peter Purcell and his family.

9

"Miss Tickletoby's Lecture." With an illustration. Punch, 3 (9 July): 12-13.

16

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Miss Tickletoby's Second Lecture. The Picts, the Scots, the Danes; Gregory the Satirist, The Conversion of the Britons, The Character of Alfred." With two illustrations. Punch, 3 (16 July): 28-30.



"The German in England." The Foreign Review, 29 (July): 370-83. [Ray 2: 70]

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After passing through Rathcoole, Naas, Kilcullen, Carlow, and Waterford, Thackeray arrives in Cork, where he has unhappy memories of bringing Isabella there in September 1840 after her suicide attempts. [Ray 2: 65, 68-69] After about a week in Cork, Thackeray sets off for western Ireland.

August 6 (Sat)

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Lecture III.—The Sea-Kings in England." With two illustrations. Punch, 3 (6 Aug.): 58-59.

13

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Lecture IV.—Edward the Confessor.—Harold.—William the Conqueror." With two illustrations. Punch, 3 (13 Aug.): 70-72.

15

After passing through Bandon, Skibbereen, Bantry, Glengariff, and Kenmore, Thackeray arrives in Killarney. [Ray 2: 65]

20

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Lecture V.—William Rufus." With two illustrations. Punch, 3 (20 Aug.): 84-85.

27

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Lecture VI.—Henry I.—Maude.— Stephen.—Henry II." With an illustration. Punch, 3 (27 Aug.): 91-92.

31

After passing through Tralee, Tarbert, Limerick, Gort, Galway, Clifden, Westport, Tuam, Ballinasloe, and Maynooth, Thackeray arrives back in Dublin, where he passes the month of September [Ray 2: 65]. Describing his travels to his mother, Thackeray responds to Maginn's death on 21 August "You will have seen poor Maginn's death in the papers. I thought he could not live a week when I saw him in prison before leaving town, and his wife and children are of course without a p e n n y . . . . He died of sheer drink I fear. By the way, I have kept clear of the whiskey, wh. I found very unwholesome and not very pleasant." Thackeray also speaks of his intention to journey "through the north



ca. 22

77

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology of Ireland and complete the book at home—I have a volume written within a score of pages: and material for some more. . . . Yesterday a man on the coach, quoted by heart a passage out of Titmarsh! . . . It was all I could do not to embrace him, and say the Great Titmarsh is at this moment by your side." [Ray 2: 7476]

September 10 (Sat) "Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Richard the First." With three illustrations. Punch, 3 (10 Sept): 116-17. 17

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. [John.—Henry III.-Edward I.]" With two illustrations. Punch, 3 (17 Sept. ): 121-22.

19

Writing to Bradbury and Evans, Thackeray tells them of the failure of Ebenezer Landells, the engraver of Punch, and of Mark Lemon, its editor, to reply to his letters, and duns them for money owed him ("at the rate of 2 guineas a page"). [Harden 1: 122-23]

24

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Edward I.—The Scots and Their Claims." With three illustrations. Punch, 3 (24 Sept): 131-33.

25-30

Writing to his mother from Dublin, Thackeray mentions having "been on a tour of a couple of days to Wicklow," and having been in touch with Isabella's uncle, Lt. Col. Merrick Shawe, and her aunt Mary. [Ray 2: 77-78, Ray 5: 295]

27

Writing to Bradbury and Evans, Thackeray acknowledges receipt of £25 and also of a letter from Landells telling him that Bradbury and Evans "were dissatisfied with my contributions to 'Punch.'" Accordingly, he "shall gladly cease Mrs. Tickletoby's lectures," and wait until winter before making "another attempt upon 'Punch.'" The last of "Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History" appeared in Punch on 1 October, and Thackeray's next contribution, "The Sick Child," was published in the 14 January 1843 issue. [Harden 1: 123-24]



78

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October Fraser's

"Travelling Romancers: Dumas on the Rhine." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 30 (Oct.): 105-24. [Harden 2: 121-22] l(Mon)

"Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History. Edward III." With three illustrations. Punch, 3 (1 Oct.): 142-43.

mid-October Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells of having visited FitzGerald's brother, Peter, "in the County Meath—the honestest creature that ever was born," and his own cousin, the Reverend Elias Thackeray, in Dundalk, as well as having seen the "Giants' Causeway." [Ray 2: 83-85] late

October After having journeyed further north to Belfast, Glenarm, and Ballycastle, Thackeray returns to Dublin t h r o u g h C o l e r a i n e , L o n d o n d e r r y , Strabane, Enniskillen, and Virginia. [Ray 2: 65]

28 (Fri)

Thackeray has dinner with Charles Lever. Writing to his mother, he says: "I've been hard at work . . . , and the book is very near done. . . I think Dickens's new book [American Notes for General Circulation] wh. all the world is talking about will in so far help me, as people who have read that & liked it will like more reading of the same sort." [Ray 2: 88]

November 1 (Tue) Thackeray leaves Dublin for London. [Ray 2: 65, 88] December Thackeray joins his family in Paris. 1843 January 2 (Mon)

Thackeray embarks at Le Havre for London. [Ray 2: 90]



"Fitz-Boodle's Confessions. Miss Lowe." Magazine, 26 (Oct.): 395-405.

80


14

"The Sick Child. By the Honourable Wilhelmina Skeggs." (With an illustration by John Leech.) Punch, 4 (14 Jan.): 30. [Spielmann 34, 320]

19

Writing to Chapman and Hall from Paris, Thackeray encloses a page from a French set of illustrations to fairy tales, and suggests an English version to be called "FAIRY BALLADS by W. Thackeray," with "humourous-pathetic verse, to suit the size of the plates." He also says that a "good article might be done for the F. Q.. R" to be called "The Paris Almanacks," but Chapman and Hall accepted neither proposal. He also urges that "Eugene Sues last novel Les Mysteres de Paris must be done with some such title as 'Thieve's Literature in France'"—an idea that resulted in an article for the April issue of The Foreign Quarterly Review. He concludes by suggesting a title for his forthcoming book: "I can think of nothing better than 'Irish Sketches' by Wm. T (M. A. T.) Author of &c—with many designs by the author." [Ray 2: 92-93]

31

Writing to Mark Lemon from London, Thackeray encloses the tragedy for Macready that he had begun in September 1841 [Ray 2: 38, 93]. Nothing further is known of it.

February "Confessions of George Fitz-Boodle. Ottilia." Fraser's Magazine, 27 (Feb.): 214-24. 11 (Sat)

"Mr. Spec's Remonstrance." With two illustrations. Punch, 4 ( 1 1 Feb.): 69-70.

16-20

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her that "The printers of the book are abominably slow[.] I cant get the stuff out of their hands, and am still at my first 2 sheets." He rejoices, however, in the company of FitzGerald, who stays with him from February until May. Thackeray also tells her that his landlord will not agree to let him extend the lease, which expires in May, for only one year, "and moreover proposes to



"Confessions of George Fitz-Boodle. Dorothea." Fraser's Magazine, 27 (Jan.): 76-84.

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March "Confessions of George Fitz-Boodle. Men's Wives. [No. I.] Mr. and Mrs. Frank Berry." With an illustration. Fraser's Magazine, 27 (Mar.): 349-61. Writing to his mother, Thackeray reports leading a very active social life: "I had 5 invitations for last Saturday; and a dinner every day in the week, the same this week," and finds "that this racket agrees better with me than a quieter life and I have managed to write a good deal." Thackeray also mentions for the first time sending an article to The Calcutta Star, a daily newspaper owned by his former associate on The National Standard, James Hume. [Ray 2:97] 11 (Sat)

Writing to Chapman and Hall, Thackeray indicates that Landells has not been sufficiently accurate in engraving Thackeray's drawings on wood blocks, and that the book's type is smaller than what he "bargained for." [Ray 2: 98; Harden 1: 127]

14

Thackeray receives from John Forster a review copy of poems by George Herweg, which leads to Thackeray's article in the April Foreign Quarterly Review. [Harden 1: 127-28]

18

"Letters on the Fine Arts. No. 1. The Art Unions. From M. A. Titmarsh, Esq., to Sanders McGilp, Esq." The Pictorial Times, 1 (18 Mar.): 13-14.

25

Signed illustration to "The Cabinet and Colonel Sibthorp." Punch, 4 (25 Mar.): 126. Writing to his mother, Thackeray regrets having broken into the "childrens' nest egg" of £500 to cover his expenses since July 1842 of over £370, including £110 for the Irish trip, but he hopes for "about 200 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


raise the rent." Accordingly, he has begun househunting. Finally, he indicates that Chapman and Hall have made him revise his first chapter by "withdrawing] some personalities, agst the Catholics wh. might certainly have been dangerous." [Ray 2: 94, 96, Ray 5: 283]

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology coming in from the book and unpaid articles" that he can add to the remaining £ 125. "The book must be out in another month; they have called it Rambles in Ireland wh. I think is a foolish name." He also mentions having written " 2 articles . . . this month" for The Foreign Quarterly Review—the Herweg review and "Thieves' Literature of France," which appeared in the April issue. [Ray 2: 99-101] "Confessions of George Fitz-Boodle. Men's Wives. No. II. The Ravenswing [Chap. I]." Fraser's Magazine, 27 (Apr.): 465-75. "George Herwegh's Poems." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 31 (Apr.): 58-72. [Harden 2: 127-28] "Thieves' Literature of France." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 31 (Apr.): 231-49. [Ray 2: 92]

1 (Sat)

"Letters on the Fine Arts. No. 2. The Objections Against Art Unions. M. A. Titmarsh, Esq., to Sanders McGilp, Esq." The Pictorial Times, 1 (1 Apr.): 43.

1

"Mr. Macaulay's Essays." The Pictorial Times, Apr.): 43.

8

"Letters on the Fine Arts. No. 2. The Objections Against Art Unions. M. A. Titmarsh, Esq., to Sanders McGilp, Esq." The Pictorial Times, 1 (8 Apr.): 61-62.

8

Writing to George Nickisson, Thackeray protests that he has "been grossly insulted in your Magazine"— referring to a passage of personal abuse in "Illustrations of Discount," an article by an old acquaintance, David Deady Keane, that had appeared in the April Fraser's Magazine. Thackeray threatens to cease writing for the magazine unless Keane is dropped as a contributor. Apparently Nickisson agreed, for Thackeray continued to publish in the magazine. [Ray 2: 103-05]

20

Writing to a colleague, Percival Leigh, Thackeray requests that Leigh review The Irish Sketch Book: "A 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden

1(1


82

83

notice of half a dozen pages for Fraser will be accepted and acceptable. Not a puff you understand—hit as hard as you like but in a good natured way and so as not to break bones." In response, Leigh wrote a review, "Titmarsh's Travels in Ireland," that appeared in the June issue of Fraser's Magazine (pp. 678-86). [Ray 2: 105, Ray 5: 315, 483] 21

Writing to a colleague, Laman Blanchard, Thackeray requests that Blanchard review The Irish Sketch Book. [Ray 2: 106]

29

Signed illustration to "The Astley-Napoleon Museum." Punch, 4 (29 Apr.): 176.

29

Signed illustration to "To Persons in Want of a Brougham." Punch, 4 (29 Apr.): 182.

May "Men's Wives. By George Fitz-Boodle. No. II. The Ravenswing [Chaps. II-III]." Fraser's Magazine, 27 (May): 597-608. 3 (Wed)

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her that Blanchard has "puffed me very handsomely already." He did so in the May issue of Ainsworth's Magazine (pp. 435-38). [Ray 2: 107, Ray 5: 315, 483]

3?

Writing to his wife, Thackeray tells hen "I have at last finished the Irish book, wh. is to be out tomorrow, and has already been famously reviewed by Blanchard in Ainsworth's Magazine. I have written to the Times people who have promised me a kind review [apparently unfulfilled], and shall get plenty of puffing elsewhere." He mentions suffering "from my old complaint," the urethral stricture, but also how much he enjoys the company of FitzGerald, who is staying with him at Coram Street. He also jokingly says: "I don't think I have fallen in love with any body of late, except pretty Mrs. Brookfield," the wife of his college friend, William Henry Brookfield. Asking Isabella whether he wrote to her "about Mrs. Procter's grand ball," he tells her "how splendid Mrs. Dickens was in pink satin and Mr. Dickens in geranium &



1811-63

84


4?

The Irish Sketch-Book, by "M. A. Titmarsh," is published in two volumes by Chapman and Hall, with illustrations and with a dedication to Charles Lever dated 27 April and signed "W. M. Thackeray."

4

Writing to the Royal literary Fund, Thackeray seeks aid for his friend, Arnout O'Donnel. [Harden 1: 12930]

6

"The Water Colour Exhibitions." Signed "Michael Angelo Titmarsh." The Pictorial Times, 1 (6 May): 125.

13

"Letters on the Fine Arts. No. 3. The Royal Academy." Signed "M. A. Titmarsh." The Pictorial Times, 1 (13 May): 136-37.

13

"A Turkish Letter concerning the Divertissement 'Les Houris.'" With two illustrations, one signed. Punch, 4 (13 May): 199. [Spielmann 320]

13

"Daddy, I'm Hungry. A Scene in an Irish Coachmaker's Family, Designed by Lord Lowther, July, 1843." With an illustration. The Nation (Dublin), 13 May, p. 492. ["Melville" 2: 186]

15

Writing to Chapman and Hall from Brighton on Monday, Thackeray tells them that he has been promised "a second notice in the L. G" by its editor, William Jerdan, and that he has seen "the Athenaeum no wonder: Forster." Notices of The Irish Sketch Book appeared in The Literary Gazette on 13 May (pp. 31516), 20 May (pp. 334-35), and 27 May (pp. 350-51), and in The Athenaeum on 13 May (pp. 455-57). He also explains that "I came down here to be alone, & avoid good dinners and do some magazine work. If the papers have anything agreeable between this & Thursday, perhaps you will send them. I saw in the Tablet, an article of wh. the first paragraph struck me as abusive



ringlets." Since his lease is expiring, "[e]very day I have been house hunting with all my might & main, and have found nothing at all so large & cheap as poor old glum Coram Street" [Ray 2:109-10]

1811-63

85

20

Illustration to "Assumption of Aristocracy." Punch, 4 (20 May): 204. [Spielmann 320]

20

"Second Turkish Letter concerning the Divertissement 'Les Houris.'" With an illustration. Punch, 4 (20 May): 209. [Spielmann 320]

20

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her that he is no longer bothered by "the old complaint," which troubled him "for 6 weeks." He reports that "Coram St. is dismantled," and "the House-Agent says he will take in my furniture.... I am still about 100 ahead of the world, & may have 100 more from the book." He then takes a bedroom at the Hummums Hotel, Covent Garden, and plans to visit France. [Ray 2: 112-13, 115]

24

Writing to Andrew Doyle, editor of The Morning Chronicle, Thackeray thanks him for a review of The Irish Sketch Book that had appeared in that journal on 23 May (p. 5).

27

"Letters on the Fine Arts.—No. IV. The Royal Academy— (Second Notice)." Signed "M. A. Titmarsh." The Pictorial Times, 1 (27 May): 169-70.

June "Men's Wives. By George Fitz-Boodle. No. II. The Ravenswing [Chap. (IV)]." Fraser's Magazine, 27 (June): 723-33. July 8 (Sat)

Signed illustration to "Sale of Miscellaneous Furniture." Punch, 5 (8 July): 20.

August "Men's Wives. By George Fitz-Boodle. No. II. The Ravenswing [Chaps. V-VI]." Fraser's Magazine, 28 (Aug.): 188-205.



so I did not proceed. It is a Catholic journal: & Titmarsh pitches into the priests so a return may be expected." A notice of The Irish Sketch Book was published in The Tablet on 13 May (p. 292). [Ray 2: 111, Ray 5: 483]


Writing to Chapman and Hall, Thackeray expresses disappointment at not seeing his article, "Death and Dying in France," in the August Foreign Quarterly Review. [It appeared in October.] He asks for £30 as payment or as an advance, and proposes a German sketch book: "I wish I could persuade you to [accept] Titmarsh in Germany devoting himself to the consideration of the fine arts there, and with a score or two of ballads to decorate the volumes, and plenty of etchings and a great deal of fantastical humour and much nurture of the poetical and the ludicrous. . . . I am also in 'the interesting situation' with respect to a novel [Barry Lyndon]: but I want to produce a very good one and a good work of art, and such a w[ork] demands a deal of time and thinking." [Harden 1: 131-32] Thackeray and Stevens leave Paris. [Ray 2: 115] Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her of visiting Cambrai, Valenciennes, Quievrain, Brussels, Antwerp, Rotterdam, and the Hague—his present location. He says he has seen "at the Public Gallery . . . some half dozen of the finest pictures possible." At Antwerp, however, his pocket was picked of £20. [Ray 2: 115-16, 118] Writing to his mother, Thackeray expresses disappointment at the trip and at the omnipresence of his friend Stevens: "I think I have not gained twopence worth of ideas in the course of the journey—I am coupled to an excellent fellow . . . but I . . . am never free from him, and am looking at everything without the leisure to reflect on it: or indeed the time to see it" Having lost the £20, he asks for a loan of £10 and says that he has written "to Chapman & Hall for money." He also tells her that he has "money at Fraser's for Isabella, for wh. Dr. Puzin must wait until my return." [Ray 2: 120-21] Thackeray sets out alone for Paris, but is stranded for more than a week in Lille—a circumstance that prompts



Thackeray is in Paris, preparing for a trip to the Low Countries with Augustus Stevens, an English friend who is resident in Paris. [Ray 1: 317, Ray 2: 115]

87

him to write: "I have no money, I lie in pawn, / A stranger in the town of Lille" ["Titmarsh's Carmen Lilliense," Works 7: 3 0 ] . He appeals to his grandmother in Paris, and Mrs. Butler sends him £10, which proves "barely sufficient to get Thackeray to Paris, where he [is] ransomed from a coachman clamoring for his fare by Pauline, the CarmichaelSmyth's cook." [Ray 2: 121-22] September "Men's Wives. By George Fitz-Boodle. No. II. The Ravenswing [Chaps. VII-VIII]." Fraser's Magazine, 28 (Sept): 321-37. "Jerome Paturot With Considerations on Novels in General—In a Letter from M. A. Titmarsh." Fraser's Magazine, 28 (Sept.): 349-62. October "Bluebeard's Ghost. By M. A. Titmarsh." Fraser's Magazine, 28 (Oct.): 413-25. "Men's Wives. By George Fitz-Boodle. No. III. Dennis Haggarty's Wife." Fraser's Magazine, 28 (Oct): 494504. "Death and Dying in France." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 32 (Oct): 76-89. [Harden 2: 132] "French Romancers on England." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 32 (Oct.): 226-46. [Ray 5: 485; Wellesley 2:166] Writing from Paris to Paul Forgues regarding his review of The Irish Sketch Book in the October jRevue des Deux Mondes (pp. 294-307), Thackeray jokingly says that poor Titmarsh is treated severely ("Le pauvre Titmarsh y est assez rudement traite"), and extensively defends his satire, saying, for example, that Catholic asceticism is a mockery of God-given human abilities, and that the image of a mother of a family is more sublime than that of a saint in ecstasy ("qu'une bonne mere de famille . . . est . . . plus sublime qu'une Sainte en extase"). [Harden 1: 136-38]



1811-63


13 (Fri)

Writing to his aunt, Mrs. John Ritchie, from Paris, Thackeray tells her that except for day-trips to Montmorency, where his family has been staying for the past month, he has been "obliged to remain at home . . . working or pretending to work. I believe I am writing a novel: and shall be delighted when the day arrives when you shall be able to read that remarkable production in print" [Ray 2: 125]

14

Daniel O'Connell is arrested on charges of conspiracy, sedition, and unlawful assembly for his behavior in opposing the Corn Laws.

28

Signed illustration to "Recollections of the Opera." Punch, 5 (28 Oct): 184.

November "Men's Wives. By George Fitz-Boodle. No. IV. The 's Wife." Fraser's Magazine, 28 (Nov.): 58192. 10 (Fri)

Writing to Chapman and Hall from London, where he had come "to have his eyes doctored" [Wright 1: 172], Thackeray proposes an article for The Foreign Quarterly Review that will be devoted to Heinrich Rellstab's Paris im Friihjahr, Mme. Delphine de Girardin's Lettres Parisiennes, and James Grant's Paris and its People. The article, "New Accounts of Paris," appeared in the January 1844 issue. He also encloses "a letter for Mr. Delane with wh. if you send a copy of the Sketch Book you will perhaps do no harm." John Thaddeus Delane was editor of The Times, but no review of Thackeray's book appeared in that paper. [Ray 2: 126]

11

Two illustrations, one signed, to "The Flying Duke." Punch, 5(11 Nov.): 207. Thackeray takes lodgings at 27 Jermyn Street, where FitzGerald visits him during November and December. [Ray 5: 283]

24

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her: "I never was better in interior health, and my eyes is



88

89

wonderfully improved—one quite well, the other all but restored. . . . It took me 10 days to get into working habits, but now I am hard at it and with my hands for the moment awfully full. . . . [T]he world wags pleasantly enough. Breakfast with Fitz. Write at the Club dine with my friends and so on [E]very one is full of the Corn-Law League wh. is bidding fair to master the country. It will be a great and magnificent peaceful Revolution—the government of the country will fall naturally into the hands of the middle classes as it should do: and the Lords and country gentlemen will—only have their due share. They have had all till now. but I think Dicky Cobden has rung their knell, and 1 shouldn't wonder to see him Prime Minister of England." [Ray 2: 128-29] December "Grant in Paris. By G. S. F. B." Fraser's Magazine, 28 (Dec): 702-12. 9 (Sat)

Two illustrations, one signed, to "Punch's Condensed Magazine." Punch, 5 (9 Dec): 254.

9

Dickens gives a dinner for Ainsworth, Cruikshank, Forster, Maclise, and Thackeray. [Dexter 1: 549]

16

"Singular Letter from the Regent of Spain." With three illustrations, one signed. Punch, 5 (16 Dec): 267-68. [Spielmann 320]

17-18

Writing to his family, Thackeray says: "I fear after all it will be New Year's day before I am back for my hands are very full of business, and I can't comfortably dispose of it until then. . . . [My] life . . . is a very jolly one—plenty of work . . . and plenty of fun. . . . I have begun with a story wh. is to last through the year in Fraser, and am to have my own way with the worthy Mr. Punch, whose pay is more than double of that I get anywhere else. Dickens has just published a charming Christmas book [A Christmas Carol] . . . . I have made much friends with him and think your tirade against good dinners a monstrous piece of superstition. Why not be merry when one can?" [Ray 2: 134-35]



1811-63


21

Writing to his cousin, Richard Bedingfield, Thackeray praises his new novel, The Miser's Son, and promises to give him "a notice in Fraser in the February number" ["A Box of Novels"], but warns him that "A laudatory paragraph here and there will do you no earthly good, unless the name of your book is perpetually before the public." Emphasizing the difficulty of gaining success as an author, he says: "It is . . . a bad trade at the best. The prizes in it are fewer and worse than in any other professional lottery; but I know . . . men are doomed, as it were, to the calling." Speaking of his own experience, he cites the failure of The Second Funeral of Napoleon, calling it "The best book 1 ever wrote," but one that came out "with an unknown publisher" and that sold only "two hundred and fifty copies." [Ray 2: 136-37]

25

Writing to Peter Purcell, and alluding to hostile Irish reviews of his Sketch Book, Thackeray says: "As an agriculturist I would wish that the Humbug-crop should not be quite so plenteous in Ireland in 1844 as it has been in '43." [Harden 1: 135] 1844

January "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. MI]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (Jan.): 35-51. "New Accounts of Paris." The Foreign Review, 32 (Jan.): 470-90. [Ray 2: 126]

Quarterly

1 (Mon)

Thackeray arrives in Paris, where he finds himself "in the midst of all sorts of jollity." [Ray 2: 139]

4

Reading Baron de la Mothe-Langon's L'Empire, Thackeray discovers the basis for what will become Chapters 10-12 of Barry Lyndon: "a good story about the first K of Wurtemberg's wife: killed by her husband for adultery." [Ray 2: 139]

6

"Important Promotions! Merit Rewarded!" With an illustration. Punch, 6 (6 Jan.): 15. [Spielmann 320]



90

91

6

In his diary Thackeray mentions working on a translation of Eugene Sue's Les Mysteres de Paris, but he did not complete it—apparently because he was not promptly paid for his installments by his French publisher, Giraldon. The translation was continued by others, and was published by Chapman and Hall in weekly numbers during 1844. [Ray 2: 139-40, 159]

7

Thackeray records in his diary that he is "Unwell with irritation of the [urethra]." [Ray 2: 140]

13

"The Ducal Hat for Jenkins." With three illustrations. Punch, 6 (13 Jan.): 32. [Spielmann 320]

20

"Leaves from the Lives of the Lords of Literature." With a Notice and two illustrations. f*unch, 6 (20 Jan.): 42. [Spielmann 320]

27

"Lady L's Journal of a Visit to Foreign Courts." [With two illustrations probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (27 Jan.): 52-54. [Spielmann 320]

28

Writing to Henry Wikoff in London, Thackeray agrees to serve as Paris correspondent for WikofPs New York newspaper, sending "a couple of foreign letters and articles monthly." Asking for confirmation by return post, he promises to "send back by the same day's post a letter and article for your paper, to be followed by 2 more by the Havre packet" [Ray 2: 158]. Wikoff apparently agreed, and since Thackeray records in his account book for 1844 three payments for an American letter, one in January and two in February, it appears that he contibuted three articles to the Republic, a newspaper that had just been established by Wikoff and his American partner, Duff Green. Issues of the Republic for January and February 1844 do not survive, but the issue for 16 March contains a dispatch from its Paris correspondent dated February, that may have been written by Thackeray. [Pacey 606-11]

February "A Box of Novels." Signed "M. A. T." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (Feb.): 153-69.



1811-63


Writing to Bradbury and Evans, Thackeray encloses an "astonishing tale" for Punch about the next French Revolution, and unsuccessfully proposes that it be republished as a separate book. [Harden 1: 143] Writing to George Nickisson, Thackeray encloses "a robbery from the French—a burlesque of a serious romance [Othon VArcher by Alexandre Dumas]." Entitled "The Childe of Godesberg" when offered to Fraser's Magazine, it was not published until 1845, when it appeared as "A Legend of the Rhine" in George Cruikshank's Table-Book. [Ray 2: 141, 160] "The History of the Next French Revolution! From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chapter I." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (24 Feb.): 90, 93. Writing to Bradbury and Evans, Thackeray corrects some printer's errors in "The History of the Next French Revolution," and proposes that they reprint his stories: "as I have got a public now, I should be glad to bring out a good stout book full of tales—reprints from Fraser—literary articles &c. with illustrations by myself. . . . Or will you bring me to London and put me at the head of a slashing brilliant, gentlemanlike, sixpenny, aristocratic, literary paper?—containing each week good reviews of a book or two, not notices: good novels in series: good theatrical articles &c—a paper that should not look for a large but a gentlemanlike circulation: and have a decided air of white-kid gloves. I have begged and implored my friends Chapman & Hall on th[e] subject. I am sure it would succeed: Have the papers signed and by good men—Buller, Carlyle, Forster, Milnes, Jerrold, and a University man or two. I would take the Fine Arts the light literature and the theatres under my charge with the dinner-giving (all except the paying part)" [Harden 1: 143-45]. Unfortunately, the journal never came into existence.



"The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. IIMV]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (Feb.): 187-202.

1811-63

93

March

"Titmarsh's Carmen Lilliense." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (Mar.): 361-63. [Miscellanies] 2 (Sat)

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. II.—Henry V and Napoleon III." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (2 Mar.): 98-99.

9

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. III.—The Advance of the Pretenders—Historical Review." [With two illustrations probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (9 Mar.): 113-14.

11

Writing to his wife, Thackeray explains that he has returned to London "to look after my money-matters wh. were going on very badly in my absence. . . . I think I see a couple of good posts worth 300£ a year each before me . . . —one is at the Morning Chronicle where my friends Doyle & Crowe are working anxiously in my favor. If I get it: I shall take a house, bring you to London, and the young women soon after please God." He also mentions that "I have been greatly annoyed at losing the friendship of a man for whom I had a very warm regard—Harry Lorrequer by name, who instead of being delighted as I expected he would have been by an article of mine on his works [in "A Box of Novels"], has broken off with me in a fury, and vows that I have treated him most basely & cruelly. On the other hand Boz writes that my notice of him [also in "A Box of Novels"] has touched him to the quick encouraged him and done him good—... But they are hard people to deal with these literary men." Finally, Thackeray reports that "I saw Dan O'Connell yesterday at the Reform Club, all the world is mad about him here and I find myself in a minority of one regarding him and his conduct. The old rogue gave me a fierce look . . . —for he has no love for Titmarsh as I am told." [Ray 2: 164-65]



"The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. V-VI]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (Mar.): 318-30.


16

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. IV.—The Battle of Rheims." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (16 Mar): 117.

16

"Ireland. By J. Venedey." The Morning Chronicle, 16 Mar., p. 6. [Ray 2: 143] This is the first of 35 known contributions to this newspaper made over the next four years. ["Chronicle"]

20

"(Madden's) Ireland and its Rulers, since 1829," The Morning Chronicle, 20 Mar., p. 5. ["Chronicle"]

23

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. V.—The Battle of Tours." [With two illustrations probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (23 Mar.): 127-28.

23

"Biographical and Literary Riddles." Punch, 6 (23 Mar.): 129. [Spielmann 320]

23

"'The Author of Pelham.'" Punch, 6 (23 Mar.): 130. [Spielmann 320]

30

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. VI.—The English Under Jenkins." [With two illustrations probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (30 Mar.): 137-39. "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. VII-IX]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (Apr.): 391-410.

2 (Tue)

"A New Spirit of the Age, edited by R. H. Home." The Morning Chronicle, 2 Apr., p. 6. ["Chronicle"]

4

"The Three Kingdoms, By the Vicomte D'Arlincourt." The Morning Chronicle, 4 Apr., p, 3. ["Chronicle"]

6

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. VIL—The Leaguer of Paris." [With two illustrations probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (6 Apr.): 147-48.



94

95

6

"Gems from Jenkins." Punch, 6 (6 Apr.): 153. [Spielmann 321]

6

"What Should Irish Members Do in Regard to the Ten Hours' Bill?" Punch, 6 (6 Apr.): 155- [Spielmann 321]

13

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. VIII.—The Battle of the Forts." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (13 Apr.): 157.

13

"An Eligible Investment" With an illustration. Punch, 6 (13 Apr.): 164. [Spielmann 321]

20

"The History of the Next French Revolution. From a forthcoming History of Europe. Chap. IX.—Louis XVII." [With two illustrations probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (20 Apr.): 167-68.

27

"Les Premieres Armes de Montpensier; or, Munchausen Out-done." With two illustrations. Punch, 6 (27 Apr.): 184. [Spielmann 321]

29

"Exhibition of the Society of Painters in Water Colours." The Morning Chronicle, 29 Apr., p. 6. ["Chronicle"]

May "Little Travels and Road-side Sketches. By Titmarsh. [No. I.] From Richmond in Surrey to Brussels in Belgium." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (May): 517-28. "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. X-XI]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (May): 548-63. "The Partie Fine. By Lancelot Wagstaff, Esq." The New Monthly Magazine, 71 (May): 22-28. 4 (Sat)

"Great News! Wonderful News!" With an illustration. Punch, 6 (4 May): 189. [Spielmann 321]

6

"The Life of George Brummell, Esq., By Captain Jesse." The Morning Chronicle, 6 May, p. 5. ["Chronicle"]



1811-63


11

"Academy Exhibition." [With an illustration by H. C. Hine.] Punch, 6(11 May): 200. [Spielmann 321]

11

"A Rare New Ballad of Malbrook, To a New Tune. To be Sung at Woodstock, at the Election Dinners There." Punch, 6(11 May): 207. [Spielmann 321]

13

"Coningsby; or, the New Generation." The Morning Chronicle, 13 May, p. 5. ["Chronicle"]

13

Writing to Richard Bedingfield, and expressing his disagreement with Bedingfield's criticism of Carlyle, Thackeray says he is "living at Richmond for a few days very busy with some work I have on hand." He also announces plans "to bring my wife and children to London directly: when 1 can get a house: and get money to get into the house: for both of wh. objects 1 am engaged at this moment in looking. I am at work on 20 different things and so flurried and bothered all day that I can't make visits." [Ray 2: 167-68]

25

"Coningsby; or the New Generation. By B. D'Israeli, Esq., M. P." The Pictorial Times, 3 (25 May): 331.

25

"The Clocks Again." Punch, 6 (25 May): 227. [Spielmann 321]

25

"Latest from America. Animated Discussion of the Pork and Molasses Bill.—Glorious Discomfiture of Jer. Diddler's Party." With an illustration. Punch, 6 (25 May): 228. [Spielmann 321]

June "May Gambols; or, Titmarsh in the Picture-Galleries." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (June): 700-16. "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. XII-XIII]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 29 (June): 723-38. "Arabella; or, The Moral of 'The Partie Fine.1" Signed "Titmarsh." The New Monthly Magazine, 71 (June): 169-72.



96

97

1 (Sat)

"The Prince of Joinville's Amateur-Invasion of England." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (1 June): 234, 237. [Spielmann 321]

I

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her that "Fraser & the Chronicle and the mighty Punch above all wl. tie me here for many days to come—I can take my papers out to Richmond but not farther being obliged to be in constant communication with the people here." [Ray 2: 169]

3

"Stanley's Life of Dr. Arnold." The Morning Chronicle, 3 June, p. 3. ["Chronicle"]

8

"Rules To be observed by the English People on occasion of the Visit of his Imperial Majesty, Nicholas, Emperor of all the Russias." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (8 June): 243. [Spielmann 321]

8

"Strange Insult to the King of Saxony." Punch, 6 (8 June): 243. [Spielmann 321]

8

"To Daniel O'Connell, Esq. Circular Road, Dublin." Punch, 6 (8 June): 248. [Spielmann 321]

II

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her of arrangements he is making to bring Isabella to England and have her placed under care at Twickenham, where she "is to have 3 little rooms and a maid." He also says: "I dont do above 20£ a month for the Chronicle instead of 40— . . . I cant write the politics and the literary part is badly paid. Mr. Punch is the great card: and I have made some great hits there." Finally, he mentions being "engaged to write a Life of Talleyrand in one small volume for wh. Im to have two hundred guineas" from Chapman and Hall—another project that was never fulfilled. [Ray 2: 171-72]

15

"The Dream of Joinville." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 6 (15 June): 252. [Spielmann 321]



1811-63

98 29

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology "Punch to the Public. Private and Confidential." Punch, 7 (29 June): 4. [Spielmann 321] "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. XIV-XV]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 30 (July): 93-108. "Angleterre. Par Alfred Michiels." The Foreign Quarterly Review, 33 (July): 433-42. [Ray 5: 485; Wellesley 2: 168] "Greenwich—Whitebait. By Mr. Wagstaff." The New Monthly Magazine, 71 (July): 416-21.

6 (Sat)

"A Hint for Moses." With two illustrations. Punch, 7 (6 July): 19. [Spielmann 321]

6

"A Nut for the Paris Charivari." Punch, 7 (6 July): 19. [Spielmann 321]

6

"Interesting Meeting." Punch, [Spielmann 322]

13

"Running Rein Morality." Punch, 7 (13 July): 23. [Spielmann 322]

13

"Punch's Fine Art Exhibition." With an illustration [and ten by John Leech]. Punch, 7 (13 July): 26. [Spielmann 322]

13

"A Case of Real Distress." Punch, 7 (13 July): 32. With an illustration. [Spielmann 322]

13

"Moorish Designs." Punch, 7 (13 July): 32. [Spielmann 322]

20

"Punch to Daniel in Prison." [With an illustration by John Leech.] Punch, 7 (20 July): 38. [Spielmann 322]

20

"Literary Intelligence." Punch, 7 (20 July): 42. [Spielmann 322]

20

"Irish Razors." Punch, 7 (20 July): 44. [Spielmann 322]

7

(6 July): 22.



July

1811-63

99

August

"Historic Fancies. By the Hon. George Sidney Smythe, M. P. " The Morning Chronicle, 2 Aug., p. 5. [Ray 2: 145] 3 (Sat)

"Wanderings of Our Fat Contributor." With two illustrations [and one probably not by Thackeray]. Punch, 7 (3 Aug.): 61-62.

10

"Travelling Notes. By Our Fat Contributor. The Sea." Punch, 7 (10 Aug.): 66-67.

17

"Travelling Notes. By Our Fat Contributor. The Sea." With three illustrations. Punch, 7 (17 Aug.): 83-84.

17

"A Chance Lost." Punch, 7 (17 Aug.): 85. [Spielmann 322]

19

Attending a farewell dinner given at the Reform Club by William Bevan for James Emerson Tennent, who was about to sail for the Near East, Thackeray is offered a free berth by Tennent, through friends who are Directors of the Peninsular and Oriental Company. Inevitably, a book was to come out of the experience, and in its Preface* Thackeray explained that the P. and O. Company "had arranged an excursion in the Mediterranean, by which, in the space of a couple of months, as many men and cities were to be seen as Ulysses surveyed and noted in ten years. Malta, Athens, Smyrna, Constantinople, Jerusalem, Cairo were to be visited, and everybody was to be back in London by Lord Mayor's Day" [Notes of a Journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo, Works 9: 81].

20

Writing to George Nickisson, Thackeray gives him the news: "The most wonderful thing has happened. I am going to Egypt & everywhere on Thursday—but not before I send you Barry Lyndon complete for this month. I shall take the necessary books with me to complete it during the voyage and you shan't be left at



"The LucJt of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century [Chaps. XVI-XVH]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 30 (Aug.): 227-42.

100


21

Writing to his mother, Thackeray gives her the news as well and explains that "I thought the chance so great that Ive accepted—its very hard for I intended to come placidly across the water on Saturday to see my dear little people, and I'm sure I shall be miserable for the main part of this grand voyage. But it offers such a chance as I may never get again—a book of course is ordered and go I do, tomorrow. . . . I hardly believe in it myself yet—The offer was made to me on Monday night only and accepted yesterday." For the book he will receive £200 from Chapman and Hall [Ray 2: 17677]. Writing in his diary that day, Thackeray records the following: "Wrote Barry—made farewell arrangements, dined with Bevan at the G [Garrick Club] and took leave of the good fellows there. Left behind at Lubbocks [his bankers] a balance of 95£." [Ray 2: 150]

22

Writing in his diary, Thackeray records having travelled to Southampton, "writing for Punch the whole way, & finished my article just as we got in. Went on board The Lady Mary Wood," which was bound for the Bay of Biscay and later Gibraltar. [Ray 2: 150-51]

24

"To the Napoleon of Peace." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 7 (24 Aug.): 90. [Spielmann 322]

24

"Fashionable Removals." Punch, 7 (24 Aug.): 94. [Spielmann 322]

24

"Revolution in France." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 7 (24 Aug.): 95. [Spielmann 322]

24

"The Last Insult to Poor Old Ireland." Punch, 7 (24 Aug.): 95. [Spielmann 322]

24

"Jenny Wren's Remonstrance." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 7 (24 Aug.): 96. [Spielmann 322]



fault." He also asks for "25 sovereigns tomorrow Wednesday—that will abt. make up our account inclusive of next month." [Ray 2: 176]

101

29

Writing in his diary and in his travel book, Thackeray records arriving at Gibraltar after visits to Vigo, Lisbon, and Cadiz. [Ray 2: 151]

31

Writing to Chapman and Hall from Gibraltar, Thackeray tells them a sudden warning that his new ship, the Tagus, will be leaving shortly allows him to write just a short note. "There is not 1 word of news to be had here to. make a letter for the F. Q. R. All my news is about heat musquitoes and the 1000 inconveniences of this filthy place." He does enclose, however, a letter to his mother and most of chapter 3 of Cornhill to Grand Cairo. [Ray 2: 178-80]

September "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century. Part II [Chap. I]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 30 (Sept): 353-64. 4

After having enjoyed the sight of the Rock of Gibraltar, the Spanish coast, and "Algiers rising very stately from the sea," Thackeray experiences trying local conditions: "All attempts at dining very fruitless. Basins in requisition. . . . Writing or thinking impossible—dawdled over Hajji Baba." [Ray 2:151-52]

5 (Thu)

Thackeray arrives at Malta after having been plagued with bedbugs as well as sea-sickness. Accordingly, he puts up at an inn and has "great comfort in a large bugless bed; and a dinner unaccompanied by nausea." [Ray 2: 151-52]

7

"The Wooden-Shoe and the Buffalo-Indians." With an illustration. Punch, 7 (7 Sept): 110. [Spielmann 322]

7

"Shameful Case of Letter Opening. A Tale of the British and Foreign Institute." With two illustrations. Punch, 7 (7 Sept.): 117. [Spielmann 322]

9-10

In Athens, Thackeray passes his time "leisurely in looking through the town, the temple of Jupiter &c. making here & there a sketch or two," and then "Up early to the Acropolis, and . . . further sketching & strolling in the town." [Ray 2: 152]



1811-63


11-12

After leaving Athens, the Tagus stops at Smyrna, giving Thackeray his first sense of being in the East, and then sets off for Constantinople. [Ray 2: 152]

13

In his diary, Thackeray writes: Off the coast of Troy in the morning.. . . Drew and wrote a little. [Ray 2: 152]

14

The Tagus arrives in Constantinople. [Ray 2: 152-53]

16

In his diary, Thackeray writes: "Wrote a little for Punch—then drew. Went on board the old Tagus, & took a delightful row down the most beautiful waters in the world." [Ray 2: 153]

17

Writing to his mother from Constantinople, Thackeray speaks of being puzzled by what to do next, having "Punch & Barry Lyndon hanging round my neck, and so much to do and to see that I hardly know where to turn. For the first fortnight there was scarce anything to see; then comes such a heap of sights all at once as should take a man 2 months to visit properly, and I dont know how long to describe. As for this it is the most beautiful place in the world—So odd and beautiful that sometimes I think I couldn't do better than make my journey end here. . . . But then there is the Holy Land and Egypt to see, and the sight is to last one for life, and to occupy only a month in the seeing—I don't know what to do or how it will turn." [Ray 2: 180-81]

19

Writing to Bradbury and Evans from Constantinople, Thackeray encloses new sketches and contributions "of our fat friend"—three of which had appeared in Punch during August, and were to resume on 30 November—all of them based upon experiences that he has had on the Eastern trip. "I have been . . . exceedingly delighted." He also says "I am now going to write the Novr. number of Barry Lyndon. I have had a Turkish bath. [T]hey took strange liberties with my person. . . . Athens is a mistake—a most lousy & beggarly hole. Smyrna is a wonder. Malta a noble place. Cadiz charming. [B]ut all this will be explained in the book." Ramadan has interfered with sight-seeing, "but to day I am going to the howling Dervishes who I expect will gratify the mind considerably." [Harden 1: 150-51]



102

103

21

"Letters from a Club Arm-Chair." Signed "Squab." The Calcutta Star, 21 Sept. This is the first of only six known contributions to the Star, which survives merely in one incomplete file. [Summerfield 43]

21

Thackeray leaves Constantinople on the Iberia for Smyrna, Rhodes, and Beirut. [Ray 2: 153-54]

23

Thackeray completes "about 12 pages" of Barry Lyndon, and lands at Smyrna just in time to dispatch his manuscript via the departing Tagus. [Ray 2: 15354]

28

Two days before arriving at Beirut, the Iberia encounters a brief, violent windstorm accompanied by thunder and lightning, which prompts the writing of Thackeray's humorous poem, "The White Squall." [Ray 2: 154]

October "Little Travels and Road-Side Sketches. By Titmarsh. No.II.—Ghent—Bruges." Fraser's Magazine, 30 (Oct.): 465-71. 1 (Tue)

Thackeray leaves Beirut for Jaffa, Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Jaffa again, Alexandria, and Cairo. [Ray 2: 154-55]

16 ff.

Thackeray visits his painter friend, John Frederick Lewis, who is living in Cairo, and who appears in Cornhill to Grand Cairo as "J " [Works 9: 245-50]. [Ray 2: 155]

19

Thackeray records in his diary: "To the pyramids, & 3 cheers for Punch on the top." [Ray 2: 155]

22

Thackeray leaves Cairo for Alexandria and Malta, arriving on the 27th and being placed in quarantine, like all travellers from the East. [Ray 2: 156]

28

Writing to Chapman and Hall from Malta, Thackeray tells them "I have seen Jaffa, Jerusalem and Cairo—I have communed with forty centuries on the summit of the pyramids but I can't stand the infernal sea-



1811-63

104


November "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century. Part II [Chap. II]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 30 (Nov.): 584-97. 3 (Sun)

Thackeray writes in his diary: "Finished Barry after great throes late at night" [Ray 2: 156]

15-16

Leaving Malta on the Iberia after having been in quarantine for seventeen days, Thackeray makes "a beautiful passage skirting Sicily through the straits of Messina by Stromboli." [Ray 2: 157]

17

Thackeray arrives at Naples, seeing, he writes in his diary, "the most magnificent sea landscape in the world lighted up by a sunset such as we dont see in England in August." During the next few days he visits Herculaneum and Pompeii. [Ray 2: 157]

26

Thackeray arrives in Rome. [Ray 2: 157]

30

"Travelling Notes by Our Fat Contributor." With two illustrations. Punch, 7 (30 Nov.): 237.

December "The Luck of Barry Lyndon; A Romance of the Last Century. Part II [Chap. III]. By Fitz-Boodle." Fraser's Magazine, 30 (Dec): 666-83. 6 (Fri)

Writing to Bradbury and Evans from Rome, which he calls "splendid" but where he is without funds, Thackeray asks for money, describing himself as "a man alone, unhappy, in the hot bed of Popery and in pawn." [Harden 1: 152-53]

7

"Travelling Notes by Our Fat Contributor. II.—The Ship at Sea.—Dolores!" With three illustrations. Punch, 7 (7 Dec): 256-57.



sickness any longer and have come into quarantine here." Planning a trip to Rome, Naples, and Florence, he asks that they send £50 to him "poste restante Rome," and concludes by saying "We must have drawings in the book." [Harden 1: 151-52]

105

9

Thackeray writes in his diary: "In these days I've been advancing slowly with [Cornhill to Grand Cairo] but pretty regularly in the afternoon walking . . . about the town: and spending the night smoking with the Artist banditti." [Ray 2: 157]

14

"Travelling Notes by Our Fat Contributor. III. From my Log-book at Sea." With four illustrations. Punch, 7 (14 Dec): 265-66.

23

Writing from Rome to George Bell, a friend whom he had met in Constantinople, Thackeray describes himself as someone "hand in glove with the Jolly Artists with broad hats & long beards & we commit huge twopenny debauches at the Lepre [a trattoria in the Via Condotti]." [Harden 1: 153-54] 1845

January "Little Travels and Road-Side Sketches. By Titmarsh. Waterloo. No. III." Fraser's Magazine, 31 (Jan.): 9496. 10 (Fri)

Writing to Chapman and Hall from Rome, Thackeray explains that after going to the post office for 35 days, he discovered that the letters with monetary enclosures from England had been kept under the name of Jackeray instead of Thackeray. He also tells them that "the Eastern Book . . . is all but done," and that he still intends to do the Talleyrand biography. [Ray 2: 185-86]

11

"Punch in the East From Our Fat Contributor." With two illustrations. Punch, 8 (11 Jan.): 31-32.

18

"Punch in the East. From Our Fat Contributor. II.—On the Prospects of Punch in the East." With two illustrations. Punch, 8 (18 Jan.): 35-36.

25

"Punch in the East. From Our Fat Contributor. III. Athens." With three illustrations. Punch, 8 (25 Jan.): 45.



1811-63

106


6

Writing to his mother from Livorno, Thackeray tells her: "I have been at Florence 15 days . . . where the pictures delighted me:—for the last 4 days here, & be hanged to them waiting for the Marseilles steamer . . . in the dismallest town in Italy. Pisa the finest I think. The Cathedral beats St Peter's hollow." He promises to stop in Paris on the way to London, but says: "I mustnt stay long with you when I come: but I hadn't the heart to take the German road and forego seeing the dear little things & their Granny." [Ray 2: 186-87]

8

"Punch in the East By Our Fat Contributor. V.—Punch at the Pyramids—(Concluded)." With an illustration. Punch, 8 (8 Feb.): 75. Thackeray returns to London.

March 22 (Sat)

"The Honour of the Bar." Punch, 8 (22 March): 129. [Spielmann 322]

27

"Egypt Under Mehemet Ali. By Prince Puckler Muskau." The Morning Chronicle, 27 Mar., p. 5. ["Chronicle"]

28

Writing to his mother from 27 Jermyn Street, Thackeray tells her that he is "in treaty for a suite of rooms in St James's Street looking down Pall Mall—for 30£ a year on the 4 floor." He says he has been "near 3 weeks doing the Examiner . . . scissoring"—apparently serving as a sub-editor, as Philip Firmin was to do, "snipping and pasting paragraphs" [Works 16: 463]. He also mentions writing an article regarding President Polk, and doing a review, both of which appeared in the 29 March issue of The Examiner. In addition, he says: "The Talleyrand is put off sine die." Finally, he alludes to a book, presumably Vanity Fair, "wh. is projected and of prodigious importance." [Ray 2: 189-90]



February 1 (Sat) "Punch in the East By Our Fat Contributor. IV.—Punch at the Pyramids." With two illustrations. Punch, 8 (1 Feb.): 61.

1811-63

107

"Polk's First Address." The Examiner, 194. [Ray 2:190]

29 Mar., p.

29

"Mount Sorel; or the Heiress of the De Veres." The Examiner, 29 Mar., pp. 196-97. [Ray 2: 190-91]

29

"Disgusting Violation of the Rights of Property." Punch, 8 (29 March): 142. [Spielmann 322]

29

"Historical Parallel." Punch, 8 (29 Mar.): 149. [Spielmann 322] Thackeray moves from 27 Jermyn Street to 88 St James's Street, where he lives until June 1846.

3 (Thu)

"Lever's St. Patrick's Eve—Comic Politics." The Morning Chronicle, 3 Apr., pp. 5-6. ["Chronicle"]

5

"Liberal Reward." With an illustration. Punch, 8 (5 Apr.): 151. [Spielmann 323]

5

"Mr. Smith's Reasons for Not Sending His Pictures to the Exhibition. [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 8 (5 Apr.): 152. [Spielmann 323)

5

"Genteel Christianity." Punch, 8 (5 Apr.): 153. [Spielmann 3 23]

5

"A Painter's Wish." Signed "Paul Pindar." Punch, 8 (5 Apr.): 154. [Spielmann 323]

5

"Dog Annexation." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 8 (5 Apr.): 159. [Spielmann 323]

5

"The '82 Club Uniform." Punch, 8 (5 April): 159. [Spielmann 323]

6

Writing to Thomas Longman, proprietor of The Edinburgh Review, Thackeray describes himself as someone who could write on "light matters connected with Art, Humorous reviews, critiques of n o v e l s French subjects memoirs, poetry, history from Louis XV downwards and of an earlier period—that of



29

108


12

"For the Court Circular." Punch, 8 (12 Apr.): 167. [Spielmann 323]

12

"Royal Patronage of Art" Punch, 8 (12 Apr.): 167. [Spielmann 323]

12

"The Irish Martyrs." Punch, 8 (12 Apr.): 168. [Spielmann 323]

12

"Erratum." Punch, 8 (12 Apr.): 170. [Spielmann 323]

12

"Gross Insult to the Court." Punch, 8 (12 Apr.): 170. [Spielmann 323] "The Commission of Fine Arts." Punch, 8 (19 Apr.): 172. [Spielmann 323]

19 26

"Literary News." Punch, 8 (26 Apr.): 184. [Spielmann 323)]

26

"Ode to Sibthorpe, by the Poet Laureate." With an illustration. Punch, 8 (26 Apr.): 188. [Spielmann 323]

26

"Humours of the House of Commons." Punch, 8 (26 Apr.): 190. [Spielmann 323]

26

"You're Another." Punch, [Spielmann 323]

May 3 (Sat)

8

(26

April):

190.

"The Excellent New Ballad of Mr. Peel at Toledo." Punch, 8, (3 May): 195. [Spielmann 323]

7

"Letters from a Club Arm-Chair." Signed "Squab." The Calcutta Star, 7 May. [Summerfield 43]

8

Writing to Henry Colburn, publisher of The New Monthly Magazine, Thackeray asks for the return of



Froissart and Monstrelet.—German light literature and poetry . . . —finally subjects relating to Society in general where a writer may be allowed to display the humourous ego, or a victim is to be gently immolated." [Harden 1: 155-56]

1811-63

109

10

"Delightful Novelty." Punch, 8 (10 May): 205. [Spielmann 323]

10

"New Portrait of H. R. H. Prince Albert." With two illustrations. Punch, 8 (10 May): 211. [Spielmann 323]

13

"Sibyl. By Mr. Disraeli, M. P." The Morning Chronicle, 13 May, pp. 5-6. [Ray 2: 149]

17

"The Queen's Bal Costume, or, Powder and Ball." With an illustration. Punch, 8 (17 May): 219. [Spielmann 323]

17

"Peel at Toledo." Punch, 8 (17 May): 220. [Spielmann 323]

22

"Letters from a Club Arm-Chair." Signed "Squab." The Calcutta Star, 22 May. [Summerfield 43]

24

"Mr. Punch on the Fine Arts." [With an illustration by Richard Doyle.] Punch, 8 (24 May): 224. [Spielmann 323]

24

"Father Mathew's Debts." Punch, 8 (24 May): 232. [Spielmann 323],

31

"Split in Conciliation Hall." Punch, 8 (31 May): 243. [Spielmann 323]

31

"Preparations for War." Punch, 8 (31 May): 243. [Spielmann 323]

31

"The Allegory of the Fountains." Punch, 8 (31 May): 243. [Spielmann 323]

31

"Railroad Speculators." Signed "Spec." With an illustration. Punch, 8 (31 May): 244. [Spielman 323]

June "Picture Gossip: In a Letter from Michael Angelo Titmarsh." Fraser's Magazine, 31 (June): 713-24.



"the commencement of a novel [Vanity Fair] wh. I gave into your hands." [Ray 2:198]

110


1 (Sun)

Writing to Richard Bedingfield, Thackeray says that the two manuscript stories Bedingfield has submitted to him will be unsaleable, and speaks of his own difficulty in finding a wider audience: "I can suit the magazines (but I can't hit the public, be hanged to them)." [Ray 2: 192-93] Thackeray's mother and children visit him in London, leaving for France on 12 June. [Ray 2: 193-96]

7

"Her Majesty's Bal Poudre." Punch, 8 (7 June): 251. [Spielmann 323]

9

"Letters from a Club Arm-Chair." Signed "Squab." The Calcutta Star, 9 June. [Summerfield 43]

12

Writing to Frederick Tennyson, Edward FitzGerald characterizes Thackeray's life in London: "old Thackeray... goes on in his own way; writing hard for half a dozen Reviews and Newspapers all the morning; dining, drinking, and talking of a night; managing to preserve a fresh colour and perpetual flow of spirits under a wear-and-tear of thinking and feeding that would have knocked up any other man I know two years ago, at least" [Wright 1: 222-23; Ray 2: 192]

14

"Young Ireland." With an illustration. Punch, 8 (14 June): 262. [Spielmann 323]

21

Signed illustration to "Debate on the Navy." Punch, 8 (21 June): 266. [Spielmann 323]

21

"Letters from a Club Arm-Chair." Signed "Squab." The Calcutta Star, 21 June. [Summerfield 43]

28

"The Ascot Cup Day." [A drawing, with letterpress.] Punch, 9 (28 June): 3. [Spielmann 323]

28

"Stiggins in New Zealand." [Spielmann 323]

Punch, 9 (28 June): 3.



"A Legend of the Rhine [Chaps. I-II]." [With three illustrations by Cruikshank.] George Cruikshank's Table-Book, No. 6 (June): 119-25.

1811-63

111

July

"The Chest of Cigars. By Lancelot Wagstaff." The New Monthly Magazine, 74 (July): 381-85. 5 (Sat)

"Immense Opportunity." Punch, 9 (5 July): 14. [Spielmann 324]

5

"'Appeal to Rome!'" Punch, 9 (5 July): 15. [Spielmann 324]

5

"Where are the Hackney-Coaches Gone to?" Punch, 9 (5 July): 15. [Spielmann 324]

5

"Most Noble Festivities." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 9 (5 July): 16. [Spielmann 324]

5

"The Eureka." Punch, 9 (5 July): 20. [Spielmann 324]

9

Writing to Bradbury and Evans, Thackeray asks for £100. [Harden 1:156]

9

Writing to Edward Chapman, Thackeray returns a loan of £55 and requests better terms for "the Eastern Book." [Ray 2: 201]

12

"The Abdication of Don Carlos." Signed "Launcelot Greaves." [With two illustrations probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 9 (12 July): 24-25. [Spielmann 324]

12

"British Honour." Punch, 9 (12 July): 26. [Spielmann 324]

12

"Tremendous Sufferings of the Household Brigade." Punch, 9 (12 July): 32. [Spielmann 324]

16

Writing to Macvey Napier, editor of The Edinburgh Review, Thackeray proposes an article on Nathaniel Parker Willis's Dashes at Life, which has just been



"A Legend of the Rhine [Chaps. III-VI]." [With four illustrations by Cruikshank.] George Cruikshank's Table-Book, No. 7 (July): 144-52.

112


19

"Reasons Why I Shall Not Send My Son, Gustavus Frederic, to Trinity College, Cambridge." Punch, 9 (19 July): 35. [Spielmann 324]

19

"Military Intelligence." Punch, 9 (19 July): 40. [Spielmann 324]

19

Signed illustration to "The Gomersal Museum." Punch, 9 (19 July): 41.

26

"Soldiering." Punch, 9 (26 July): 49. [Spielmann 324]

26

Writing to his mother regarding his sub-editorship, Thackeray says: "The Examiner and I have parted company in the best humour possible: for it took more time than I could afford to give for four sovereigns: and I was much too clever a fellow to do it well." He tells her also that he has come to "an Inn at Chelsea" in order "to finish my book. . . . But I am gravelled with Jerusalem, not wishing to offend the public by a needless exhibition of heterodoxy: nor daring to be a hypocrite [by concealing his disgust at violence sanctioned by the Old Testament]. . . . When I get the book out of hand, please God I shall see the dear little and big faces again—I have fond visions of double cottages in the Hammersmith or Hampstead districts, where we could be all together, and yet each independent: what a blessing it would be to have a home once more." Finally, he says: "The admirers of Mr. Titmarsh are a small clique but a good and increasing one if I may gather from the daily offers that are made me: and the increased sums bid for my writings." [Ray 2: 203-04]

August "Bob Robinson's First Love. By Lancelot Wagstaff, Esq." The New Monthly Magazine, 74 (Aug.): 519-25. "A Legend of the Rhine [Chaps. VII-VIII]." [With two illustrations by Cruikshank.] George Cruikshank's Table-Bookf No. 8 (Aug.): 167-75.



announced for publication [Ray 2: 201-02]. It appeared in the October 1845 issue.

113

2 (Sat)

"Scholastic" Punch, 9 (2 Aug.): 53. [Spielmann 324]

2

"A House at the West End." Signed "Wilhelmina Amelia Skeggs." Punch, 9 (2 Aug.): 55. [Spielmann 324]

2

Signed illustration to "The Lowly Bard to His Lady Love." Punch, 9 (2 Aug.): 56.

2

"A Lucky Speculator." [With an illustration by John Leech.] Punch, 9 (2 Aug.): 59. [Spielmann 324]

2

"Jeames of Buckley Square. A Heligy." Punch, 9 (2 Aug.): 59. [Miscellanies]

2

Writing to his mother, who was unhappy with his letter of 26 July, Thackeray asks her with firm but tender admonition: "What right have you . . . to think of being unhappy about the state of my opinions? What right have you to say that I aim without God because I can't believe that God ordered Abraham to kill Isaac or that he ordered the bears to eat the little children who laughed at Elisha for being bald. You don't believe it yourself. You fancy you do: you search out explanations to reconcile these awful things to your mind—the Belief is gone, directly the explanation is necessary. What did the Saviour mean by searching the Scriptures—that a man was to read them to the best of his own reason or to take his neighbours? ^.. Why do I love the Saviour? . . . Because He is all Goodness Truth Purity—I dislike the Old Testament because it is the very contrary: because it contains no Gentleness no Humility no forgiveness—nothing but exclusiveness and pride curses and arrogance— . . . why is my dear old Mother to w e e p . . . because my conclusions & her's don't tally? . . . And now I'll stop scolding my dearest old Mother about that favorite propensity of hers to be miserable. God bless all." [Ray 2: 205-07]

9

"War between the Press and the Bar." Punch, 9 (9 Aug.): 64-65. [Spielmann 324]

9

"The Pimlico Pavilion. By the Mulligan (of Kilballymulligan)." Punch, 9 (9 Aug.): 66. [Spielmann 324]



1811-63


16

"A Letter from 'Jeames of Buckley Square."1 Signed "Fitz-James de la Pluche." Punch, 9 (16 Aug.): 76.

21

"Letters from a Club Arm-Chair." Signed "Squab." The Calcutta Star, 21 Aug. [Summerfield 43]

23

"Punch's Regency." [With an illustration probably not by Thackeray.] Punch, 9 (23 Aug.): 94. [Spielmann 324]

30

"The Stags. A Drama of To-day." [A drawing, with letterpress.] Punch, 9 (30 Aug.): 104. [Spielmann 324]

30

"Bar Touting." Punch, 9 (30 Aug.): 104. [Spielmann 324]

September "A Legend of the Rhine [Chaps. IX-X]." [With an illustration by Cruikshank.] George Cruikshank's Table-Book, No. 9 (Sept): 193-200. Writing to Macvey Napier, Thackeray thanks him for his "kind opinion of the Willisian article," and promises to make a brief change "to prepare the reader for Willis in the character of Sly or Bottom introduced to splendors quite unknown to him," as the American visits a monarchical country for the first time. "I am told . . . that some of the adventures did almost happen . . . anectable Family. No. 23-24 [Chaps. XXXVI-XLII]." [With an illustrated title page, ten other illustrations, and an additional illustrated title page for Volume 2 by Richard Doyle.] (Aug.), pp. 321-75. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 11 [Oct.]: 622-49.) Reminiscences of Weimar and Goethe. A letter, 28 April. In George Henry Lewes, The Life and Works of Goethe. 2 vols. (London: David Nutt, 1855), 2: 442-46. 3 (Fri)

Writing to Mrs. Baxter, Thackeray tells her that his "passage is taken for the 13th." [Ray 3: 464]

September 6 (Thu) Writing to the Rev. Whitwell Elwin, editor of The Quarterly Review, Thackeray recommends James Hannay, "a worthy and clever fellow," as a possible contributor to the journal, and, speaking of himself, says: "I am plunging about in the last Century history and hope to fish up materials for 4 lectures. . . . I go to America 13 October very loath to leave home and my young ones." He also tells Elwin "We have done very well with the Newcomes. After the Times article [of 29 August] the enthusiastic Mudie ordered 100 copies more for his library." [Ray 3: 465-66]



294

295

6

Writing to George Hodder, who has requested employment assistance, Thackeray asks him to do some secretarial work, "arranging papers—copying at the B. M. &c" [Harden 1: 693]

22

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray recommends that he support George Sala's proposed book on Hogarth, and on his own behalf offers "to sell you an edition of 'the Georges. Sketches of courts, manners, and town life,' and if I do a book of travels I shall bring it to you but this is hardly likely. I shall more likely do the Esmonds of Virginia, and it will depend on the size to wh. that book goes whether it shall appear in 3 vols or 20 numbers." Sala's Hogarth appeared in the Cornhill during 1860 and as a book in 1866. [Harden 1: 695-96]

October 5 (Fri)

Writing to the Baxters, Thackeray tells them that he has "done George I. II. III. and can afford a day or two at Niagara. . . . I wish I was taking my own dear women along with me but we have debated the matter many a time, & they agree it is best to remain with their Granny." [Ray 3: 474]

5

Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray speaks of needing to finish his lecture on George IV, and after having been invited to dinner by some Garrick friends, naming "Thursday 11, expressly so as to avoid the farewell dinner at home—the last glass of wine—the last talk—the wistful faces of the girls. And now we are to have speeches &c wh. I don't like—but am surprized and indeed touched to find how many kind folks there are who wish to shake me by the hand & say a God speed you." [Harden 1: 699]

11

A farewell dinner is given to Thackeray at the London Tavern by sixty friends. [Ray 3: 476; "Melville" 2: 8184]

12

Thackeray leaves London for Liverpool with servant and amanuensis, Charles Pearman.

13

Thackeray and Pearman leave Liverpool for Boston on the Africa. [Ray 3: 479]


his


1811-63


25

Thackeray arrives in Boston, where he is met by the Baxters and other friends. [Ray 3: 483]

27

Thackeray leaves Boston for New York, where he stays at the Clarendon in the same rooms as before. [Ray 3: 483]

30-31

Writing to his family, Thackeray tells them how busy he has been "all day until late at night getting lectures ready"-especially the one on George IV—and having Pearman copy them "in the most beautiful handwriting as clear as print." He also informs them of meeting the Arctic explorer, Elisha Kane, who "has just come back—and says that he saw one of his seamen in one of the eternal nights crouched over a book for hours and hours and behold it was Pendennis." [Ray 3: 483-84]

30-31

Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry, Thackeray tells them he knows they "will be pleased to hear . . . that all the seats are taken for the lectures—and that we shall repeat them D V. about 4 times in and about New York in the month of November." He mentions the kindness of Mrs. Baxter, who at dinner brought out "a bottle of brandy peaches wh. I had liked and eaten on the last day I was here—& she put them away and kept them till my return—they choked me somehow." He speaks of the invigorating air of New York, where he "never can sleep more than 6 hours," and indicates plans to go "to Boston in Deer, —then westward ho, for a little—then I hope South." He also reports having had "such a narrow escape from awful danger! I tremble now when I tell you—I live on the 3d floor—came in late from a remarkably good dinner at Delmonico's, took my key and went to my sitting room, pulled off my boots and began to undress—When lo and behold—a voice from the bedroom within sweetly cried out Georgy!—I had got into the second floor room by mistake—I dashed out of the place gathering my garments together." [Harden 1: 705-07]

November 1 (Thu) Thackeray begins his lectures at the Rev. Mr. Chapin's Church of the Unity, 548 Broadway, under the



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7

Thackeray lectures at Williamsburg, N. Y., under the sponsorship of the Young Men's Christian Association, continuing on 14, 21, and 28 November. [Ray 3: 49192]

13

Thackeray lectures at Henry Ward Beecher's Plymouth Church in Brooklyn under the sponsorship of the Y. M. C. A., continuing on 20 and 27 November, and on 4 December. [Ray 3: 492]

13-14

Writing to his family, Thackeray tells them how relieved he is to have completed "that confounded night-mare of a George IV," which he finished only on the day of its delivery—the day previous. "George III is the lecture they have liked best on account of the pathetic business. G. I. the least. . . . Here, after paying my expenses, I shall probably make 700£ in the month if my health stands." [Ray 3: 491-92]

14

Writing to Frank Fladgate, Thackeray reports: "The people didn't know what to make of George I and his strumpets—morality was staggered but they liked better & better with each lecture and now they're done and the success of the affair beyond a question. Last night at Brooklyn there were 2500 persons at the lecture—I'm to repeat them here again beginning Thursday and in Deer, go to Boston." [Ray 3: 493]

15

Writing to J. T. Fields regarding a preface to his Ballads, which Fields is preparing to publish, Thackeray says: "Im so busy that I cant write a preface for 4 days. Compose one yourself you r o g u e say any thing you like and I'll stand to you." [Harden 1:710]

15

Thackeray begins his second course of lectures under the sponsorship of the Mercantile Library Association, continuing on 19, 22, and 26 November. [Ray 3: 493]

17

Vol. I of Miscellanies is published by Bradbury and Evans, it contains "Ballads," "The Book of Snobs," "The



sponsorship of the Mercantile Library Association, continuing on 5, 8, and 12 November. [Ray 3: 488]

298


20

Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry, Thackeray tells of "hoping to give up the ugly circuit through the West in the snow—and go Southward in the winter: not making so much money quite but very plenty; and having quiet cities to rest in and the society of people that I like & know before." [Harden 1: 711]

23

Thackeray leaves New York for Troy, where he lectures, returning to New York the following day. [Ray 3: 504]

25-28

Writing to his daughters, Thackeray mentions having "been on a very pretty and pleasant little excursion to Troy." After "a five hours' journey of 150 miles skirting a river more picturesque than the Rhine I found myself in a great cheerful handsome city." He also tells them of having had a shivering fit at the beginning of a dinner in New York with the Press Club on the 24th: "How kind the people were at the Astor House where I was taken with the shivers! how they put me to bed and blanketted me." He also reports having made £500 from his two courses of New York lectures. [Ray 3: 504-05]

27

Writing to William Wetmore Story, Thackeray tells him of his engagements at Boston, Providence, and Troy, and proposes dates for Salem. He suggests that he stay at a hotel rather than at their house because of personal health problems: "besides chill & fever wh. I carry about: an irritation of the bladder wh. causes me great inconvenience, & is sometimes very awkward in lady's society." [Ray 3: 506-07]

27

Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry, Thackeray explains his difficulty in writing letters: "never 10 minutes leisure [in his hotel] . . . —the room is never clear of visitors. I have [been] lecturing every night except 2 in the week, and in the intervals fever & ague. Isn't it good fun. Four attacks this month; and yet mussifully I have never missed a lecture." He mentions



Fatal Boots," "Cox's Diary," and "The Tremendous Adventures of Major Gahagan." The contents are also published individually.

299

having "preached to a multitude" at Troy, having stayed with English friends "at a pretty country house between Troy and Albany, having "pocketted 200 dollarsf,]" and having "agreed to go back again the day after Christmas—spending that anniversary with my English friends." He calls "that country the prettiest I have seen in the States.. . . This gay world of New York I have not seen this time. . . . The Baxters I go to once a week." [Harden 1: 712-13] 30

Thackeray leaves New York for Yonkers. His host, Frederick Cozzens, takes him to nearby "Sunnyside," Washington Irving's home, where they have a pleasant visit Irving returns with them to Yonkers for a dinner in Thackeray's honor hosted by Cozzens before the lecture, "Charity and Humour," at the Lyceum. Thackeray returns to New York the following day. [Wilson 1: 41; Ray 3: 510-11]

December 3 (Mon) Writing to the doctor who had attended him at the Press Club dinner, Dr. William Dexter, Thackeray thanks him, explaining that he is "on his way to New Haven without discharging my duty of gratitude," and reporting that he has "been taking quinine fiercely ever since" and has "had no return of the chills." [Ray 3: 509] 3

Writing to Frederick Cozzens, Thackeray thanks him for "the jolliest day I have had for a long long time." [Ray 3: 510-11]

3-4

Writing to his daughters, Thackeray tells them of having repelled chills and fever with quinine, and of having spent "the pleasantest day I have had in the States," with his visit with "good old Washington Irving" and his time at Yonkers. He also mentions being about to give a lecture in New Haven, and being engaged to lecture at Boston when "Sally Baxter is to be married." On the 4th he reports having come back from New Haven to New York. [Ray 3: 511-13]

5

Thackeray leaves New York for Springfield, where he delivers a lecture. [Ray 3: 514]



1811-63


6

Thackeray leaves Springfield for Boston and the Tremont House. [Ray 3: 514]

7

Thackeray begins his lectures in Boston. He is scheduled to continue on 11, 14, and 18 December, but illness interferes with the schedule.

9-11

Writing to his daughters, Thackeray tells them of having earned £780 in New York after paying his expenses—"100£—as much as we three spent when we went that jolly Italian Swiss Austrian Venetian tour"— and that he has "been 15 days without a chill; the quinine agrees with me." He wishes that he "had 2 stomachs—for it is the habit here to dine and sup too, and parties are made for one meal & the other." He remarks that the people attending his opening lecture understand "what I am at a great deal better than the New Yorkers," and also mentions having "had a very pleasant little partykin last night at Cambridge at Longfellows, where there was a madcap fiddler Ole Bull who played most wonderfully on his instrument, and charmed me still more by his oddities & character—quite a character for a book[J Longfellow lives in the house wh. Mr. Washington occupied when he was in command outside of Boston—a fine old solemn stately house. He is a kindly pleasant gentleman." [Ray 3: 513-15]

10

Thackeray begins his lectures in Providence, Rhode Island. He is scheduled to continue on 13, 17, and 20 December, but illness interferes with the schedule.

14

Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray says: "Here at Boston undreds of people are turned away from the lecture room (its a fact and to night I have taken a great theatre capable of holding thousands . . . ) . . . . I am overworked overdined oversupped overvisited— three days ago I fell ill and have passed 2 since in great pain and comfort in my bed room with my faithful Charles watching over me and a Yankee Doctor." [Harden 1: 718-20]

15

Vol. II of Miscellanies is published by Bradbury and Evans. It contains "The Memoirs of Mr. C. J.



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15

Writing to Mrs. Baxter, Thackeray says in reference to Sally Baxter's wedding day, "on the Wednesday [12 December] I got a fine attack of spasms, . . . they came on much worse in the night, & . . . I was in bed all yesterday in considerable pain having to put off my lecture at Providence." [Harden 1: 721]

15

Thackeray lectures at the Tremont Temple in Boston on "Charity and Humour." [Ray 3: 519]

18

Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray tells her that he has "just returned from Providence where I performed— dance to night again." [Harden 1: 720]

18

Writing to Bradbury and Evans, Thackeray regrets "very much that I cant send you corrected proofs of B. Lyndon, Shabby Genteel & Catherine: but I cannot find time to write a letter much more to do any careful & continuous work: & the publication of these must be delayed until my return, or till quieter times." He tells them that the "ballads are published by Ticknor & Fields here in a much prettier book & dearer than our's—& they are to give me 10 per Ct on the sales." He also reports that the "money-making here goes on most prosperously, better than before; in spite of the set made against me by the New York papers most of wh. were uncommonly savage—and all the articles against me were written by Irish or Englishmen Harpers tell me who have made it their business to find out about these matters. By the 1 January I shall have netted 1200£ or more." [Harden 1: 723-24]

21

Thackeray lectures at the Tremont Temple on George III. [Ray 3: 519]

28

Writing to Mrs. Elliot from Buffalo, Thackeray reports pleased Boston audiences and "At Buffalo they came two nights running, 3,000 of them! They are really surprizingly almost touchingly friendly." He recalls



Yellowplush," "Diary of C. Jeames de la Pluche, Esq.," "Sketches and Travels in London," "Novels by Eminent Hands," and "Character Sketches." The contents are also published individually.

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology pleasant visits with W. H. Prescott and George Ticknor: "Both have comfortable old houses, handsome large libraries and famous Burgundy and Claret in their cellars. So has Longfellow at Cambridge." His special personal pleasure, however, was his meeting with Bayard Taylor, "one of the most interesting men I have ever seen in my life." He found Providence to be "as jolly a place as Boston almost. There is always a knot of pleasant folks, fogeyfied, respectable, fond of literature with whom it is jolly to consort." [Ray 3: 529-30]

29ff.

Writing to his mother from Buffalo, Thackeray tells of travelling on 25 December from Boston to Albany, where he stayed with his English friends, the Dunlops, "and rested on the 26th. reached [Buffalo] on the 27th. at midnight—had a jolly sleigh drive yesterday & saw the Niagara river & the Canadian Shore—lectured to 3000 people—and wd. have gone to the Cataracts this morning but for the snow falling." On 1 January he reports having arrived in New York "last night from Buffalo." [Ray 3: 527-29] 1856

January 1 (Tue)

Writing to Mrs. Elliot, Thackeray says: "I have put my holiday clothes on and am going a-visiting." [Ray 3: 532]

2

Thackeray leaves New York for Philadelphia [Harden 1: 726]. He lectures at the Concert Hall, continuing on 4, 5, and 7 January. [Ray 3: 535]

5

Writing to Henry Becher, Thackeray speaks of having "looked at Canada across the water," but of not entertaining the idea "at present of lecturing in Canada. You see my opinion about the Georges & my disrespectful way of speaking about some of them might be taken in bad part by stout old loyalists resident among you, and I have no mind to an unquiet life." He also says: "My health is a good deal hit—since I made a journey to Rome 2 years ago I have never been well from one ailment or another." [Ray 3: 533-34]



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Thackeray lectures in Baltimore at the Universalist Church under the sponsorship of the Mercantile Library Association, continuing on 10, 14, and 16 January. [Ray 3: 538] Writing to his daughters, Thackeray mentions reading volume III of Macaulay's History of England: "He is not so fiery strong and picturesque as the other Macaulays. I dont think I have read it with so much pleasure as Prescotts history. When we have made a little fortune—it will be pleasant some day to write a nice little History-book—but where is the memory of the astounding Macaulay [Ray 3: 538]?" Later, in the Roundabout paper, "Nil Nisi Bonum," a valedictory essay honoring Macaulay, Thackeray spoke of "the prodigious memory and vast learning of this master" [Works 17: 363]. Writing to his daughters, Thackeray tells of having come on the day previous to Washington, and having had "dinner with jolly Mr. Crampton our Minister. . . . What a comfort it was to dine with an Englishman again! to be treated civilly by servants, and hear the talk one has been accustomed to speak! It seems to me I am not near so much in love with the country this time as before." [Ray 3: 539] Writing to Mrs. George Ticknor, Thackeray speaks of the pleasure of reading her husband's History of the Reign of Philip the Second, the first two volumes of which had just been published, and jokingly laments the "shame of these historians taking the bread out of the mouths of us other romancers. Give me [Henry] Hallam—he does not degrade history by making her amusing. He is an author that should be in every library as the critics say—and never taken down. Dear kind old Mr. Hallam!" Recalling the mellow red Burgundies of Boston, he regrets that "They give us too much white wine here," preferring, as he does, "old



Writing to his daughters, Thackeray alludes to "those volumes of Georgies wh. I talked about," and of having "Parliament and Ambition flit out of my head for the present." [Ray 3: 537]

304


17

Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry, Thackeray announces his arrival in Washington from Baltimore that day, and speaks of having been given "Emersons Essays wh. I had never read. . . . They are very wise and benevolent—They come to very like conclusions to those wh. the Worldling who writes . . . to you reaches sometimes." [Ray 3: 547-49]

18

Thackeray leaves Washington for Richmond, where he lectures at the Athenaeum, continuing on 21, 23, and 26 January. [Ray 3: 549]

26

Thackeray lectures at the University of Virginia. [Ray 3:551]

28

Writing to the Rev. Whitwell Elwin, Thackeray reports being "in a tavern in a swamp in South Carolina, where we have been detained these 6 hours and are to stay as many more and our enjine broke down . . . the day before yesterday Sir in Virginia as I was coming from Virginia University where I had been to lecture in o such wicked frost & snow! They haven't had such a winter these 60 years." [Ray 3: 551]

29

Thackeray arrives in Charleston, where he is ill for two days. [Ray 3: 554; Harden 1: 731]

31

Writing to the secretary of the Georgia Historical Society, Thackeray says: "My lectures will conclude here on Friday Feb 9th. and I shall gladly proceed hence to Savannah, and lecture under the auspices of your society." [Ray 3: 553-54]

February 1 (Fri) Thackeray begins a course of lectures that ends on the 9th. [Ray 3: 553] 2

Writing from Charleston to his daughters, Thackeray tells of his miserable journey from Richmond that took 48 hours because of ice and snow, but "with the help of some good Champagne," he delivered a lecture on the



ways and good old Boston houses—with good old cellars and old talk afterwards." [Harden 1: 729-30]

1811-63

305

Writing to Eyre Crowe, his secretary on the previous trip to America, Thackeray speaks of looking ahead to "Low's comfortable quarters in Savannah next week," and tells him that "Miss Sally Baxter that was is here with her sister & husband. He is a fine fellow. . . . His wife is very much improved by her marriage." [Ray 3: 561] Thackeray lectures in Savannah at St. Andrew's Hall, continuing on 14, 16, and 18 February. [Ray 3: 553] Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry from Savannah, where he is staying with his friend Andrew Low, Thackeray speaks of his haven: "the most comfortable quarters I have ever had in the United States—in a tranquil old city . . . —no row, no tearing Northern bustle no ceaseless hotel racket, no spitting in the hall, no crowds drinking at the bar—a snug little languid audience of 3 or 400 people far too lazy to laugh or applaud; a famous good dinner breakfast &c— and leisure all the morning to think and do and sleep and read as I like." He also says: "When I had finished at Charleston I went off to a queer little rustic city called Augusta. . . . It lies 135 miles from Charleston. You take 8 1/2 hours to get there by the railway—about the same time and distance to come here over endless plains of swampy pine-lands—a village or 2 here & there in a clearing—I brought away a snug little purse from snug little Augusta—though I had a rival a wild man lecturing in the very same hall. I tell you it is not a dignified metier that wh. I pursue." Mentioning his revised travel plans, he tells them: "My course is for Macon Montgomery & New Orleans No Havannah, the dollars forbid. From N O. I shall go up Mississippi D V. to St. Louis & Cincinnati." As he travels, he tells them, he remembers "other thoughts scattered along the journey 3 years ago; & griefs wh. used to make me wild and fierce, and wh. are now sweet and bearable. We get out of the stormy region of longing passion unfulfilled." [Harden 1: 732-34]



1st—"and who do you think is here? Can your beating heart tell you? Sally the mum-mum-married and her jolly husband." [Ray 3: 554-55]


22

Thackeray lectures in the Concert Hall at Macon, delivering "George HI," and concluding with "George IV" on the 23rd. [Ray 3: 571]

29ff.

Writing to his daughters from Mobile, Thackeray tells of having left Macon and gone through endless pineflats to Columbus and Montgomery, "and from Montgomery down the Alabama River to this place." [Ray 3: 574-75]

March "The Idler." Signed "Essel." The Idler, 1 (March): 17273. [Works 7: 204-06] 4 (Tue)

Thackeray leaves Mobile by steamer for New Orleans. [Ray 3: 576]

6

Thackeray lectures at the Odd Fellows' Hall, continuing on 8, 11, 15, and 17 March with the last three Georges and "Charity and Humour." [Ray 3: 577]

7

Writing to his daughters, Thackeray says: "What little I have seen of this I like perhaps better than any town in the Union. There are pictures on the Quays: there are old French houses: there are streets that look for all the world like Havre—the sweet kind French tongue is spoken in the shops" [Ray 3: 577]. He also responds very appreciatively to to the accessibility of French wines and to a notable bouillabaisse that is superior even to what he has enjoyed at Marseilles. Later, in the Roundabout paper, "A Mississippi Bubble," he recounted his experience of New Orleans in early springtime, calling it "the city of the world where you can eat and drink the most and suffer the least" [Works 17:538]

15

Writing to Mrs. Procter, Thackeray confesses being "by this time utterly sick of the House of Hanover. . . . How much longer is this quackery to continue?" He also reports being "invariably blackguarded by one paper in every town perhaps 2, with a curious brutal malignity & ignorance that makes me more sad than angry. They are almost all Irish who do it." [Harden 1: 737-39]



306

307

22-23

Writing to the Rev. Whitwell Elwin from confinement on a Mississippi steamboat well north of New Orleans, Thackeray recounts his recent unpleasant experiences as a traveller in the southern United States: "The journey, the incidents on it, the people I see along the road, the business I am on are all as disagreeable as can be.. . . [T]hese remarks were begun off the city of Memphis and tomorow we shall reach Cairo D. V. and in my life have seen nothing more dreary & funereal than these streams. The nature & the people oppress me and are repugnant to me. . . . Within what a company bon Dieu!. . . every man with his knife down his throat . . . every woman. . . down her's too. I vow every one. Men constantly do without pocket handkerchiefs (there's one elegant way of operating with one forefinger applied to one nostril wh. I'll show any company of ladies when I get home)—After the ladies had done the giantess (who's . . . very likely going to perform at the same fair with myself) had her dinner and she swallowed her victuals with the help of her knife too it looked quite small in her hand. She is with the Bearded Lady who has a little boy of 3 who has also got very handsome whiskers and a little girl of 6 who seems to me rather pensive because her chin is quite smooth (I think the late Mr. Addison wd. have made something out of that incident, dont you?) the Bearded Lady the Giantess & the English Lecturer all rowing in the same boat" [Ray 3: 587-90]

24-26

Writing to Mrs. Elliot from Cairo and St. Louis, Thackeray tells her of being warmly entertained in New Orleans, and of receiving splendid gifts on his steamship's departure: "3 distinct bottles of brandy sent me for my voyage up the Mississippi and a dozen of claret." In spite of reported stories of disaster, "we didnt blow up and we only took fire twice and burnt down our upper cook house." Generalizing about his experiences, he comments on "how this country whiggifies me. The rabble supremacy turns my gorge. The gentlemen stand aloof from public affairs, and count no more than yonder Irish bog trotter who is driving a pig before the window or those two illiterate blaspheming ruffians who were cutting their gums with their penknives in the bar—I couldn't bear to live



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26

Thackeray lectures on George III in St. Louis at the Mercantile Library Association Hall, continuing with George IV on the 27th. [Ray 3: 594-95]

26

Writing to his friend, William D. Robinson, Thackeray speaks of hoping to be in "New York next week," and to stay with him at 604 Houston Street. [Ray 3: 597]

29

Thackeray lectures on George III in Cincinnati at Smith and Nixon's Hall under the auspices of the Young Men's Mercantile Library Association, continuing with George IV on the 31st [Ray 3: 594-95]

April 8 (Tue)

Writing to his mother from New York, Thackeray tells her of his plans to deliver four of the old Humourist lectures in Philadelphia and New York. [Ray 3: 598-99]

9

Thackeray begins his Humourists lectures in Philadelphia, continuing on the 11th and 14th, followed by "Charity and Humour" on the 16th, but attendance is low. Hence he abandons plans to deliver them in New York. [Ray 3: 598-99]

25

With his usual impetuous avoidance of taking leave, Thackeray buys a transatlantic ticket and with Pearman leaves New York for Liverpool on the Baltic. [Ray 3: 601]

May 7 (Wed)

About to arrive in Liverpool, Thackeray writes to Mrs. Baxter and tells her that he wants "to wish you all a farewell and God bless you for wh. I hadn't time or heart as I was leaving New York. The process of saying Goodbye you know is horrible to me. . . . So . . . I . . . was off . . . before I knew I was gone. . . . We had a dinner at Houston St. the last evening—what forced jokes, what dreary songs what deadly-lively jollification!" But he acknowledges having had the satisfaction of buying a teapot at Tiffany's for Sally. [Ray 3: 603]



in a country at this stage in its political existence." [Ray 3: 590-93]

309

7-9

Writing from on board the Baltic to William D. Robinson, Thackeray recalls his visit at Houston Street with great pleasure, thanks him for recommending medical assistance that has lasted him through the voyage, and vows to "get my water pipes cistern &c in complete order." Having arrived at home, he tells of a postponed annual Skakespeare dinner that he has attended at the Garrick Club, "and didn't I make a Yankee Speech, and oh lor Robison! havnt I got a headache this morning?" [Ray 3: 605-06]

16

Writing to Tauchnitz, Thackeray acknowledges the receipt of £50 for his Miscellanies, which Tauchnitz is in the processs of publishing. [Harden 1: 741]

June 11 (Wed)

Writing to Francis Russell, Thackeray agrees to lecture in Edinburgh during November for the Philosophical Institution. [Harden 1: 742]

July 12 (Sat)-13

Writing from his sick-bed to Sally Baxter Hampton, Thackefay tells her: "Have been ill ever since I came home. . . . I have been 2 1 / 2 months in London now without doing the littlest bit of work except doctoring myself." Responding to hostile newspaper attacks that he had encountered in America, he says he will never come back "as a public performer. I won't go through the degrading ordeal of press-abuse again." He reaffirms his continuing affection for his American friends—"I like my dear old friends just as well as ever—" but continues to be appalled by the public abuse: "Those scoundrels managed last time to offend and insult the most friendly stranger that ever entered your country or quitted it." Finally, he mentions having read three of the lectures to friends at his home. "I should . . . have given them in public but that I was not sure of my health." [Harden 1: 746-48]

26

Vol. Ill of Miscellanies, with illustrations, is published by Bradbury and Evans. It contains "The Memoirs of Barry Lyndon, Esq., "A Legend of the Rhine," "Rebecca and Rowena," "A Little Dinner at



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29

Writing from his sick-bed to the painter, William Leitch, Thackeray regrets being unable to take watercolor lessons from him, because "I have settled about a new story. I have got the subject in my head & must begin it immediately, &c &c &c so must leave town." [Ray 3: 615]

30

Writing to Eliza Craigie, Thackery says: "I have agreed for a New Story and must forthwith set about it, and to do so I think that travelling about is the most favorable condition. Almost all my best work has been done at inns and on journeys." [Harden 1: 751-52]

August 14 (Thu) 16ff.

Thackeray and his daughters leave London for Calais. [Ray 3: 686] Thackeray and his daughters journey on the Continent, visiting Ghent, Brussels, Spa, Dusseldorf, Cologne, and Aix la Chapelle. [Ray 3: 686]

September 4 (Thurs) Thackeray and his daughters leave Aix la Chapelle for Paris. [Ray 3: 686] 10

Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry, Thackeray tells them of being "haunted by No. 1 of Mr. Thackeray's new serial, wh. won't leave me alone wh. follows me about in all my walks, wakes me up at night, prevents me from hearing what is said at the play, and yet seems farther off than ever. It seems to me as if I had said my say; as if anything I write must be repetition. . . . But 6000£ is a great bribe isn't it?" [Ray 3: 616]

October 6 (Mon)-7 Thackeray and his daughters return to Folkestone and London. [Ray 3: 686] 10

Thackeray tells Whitwell Elwin that he "began a story, was dissatisfied with it, and burnt it. I can't jump further than I did in the Newcomes, but I want to jump



Timmins's," and "The Bedford Row Conspiracy." The contents are also published individually.

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14

Writing to William Macready, Thackeray discusses lecture arrangements in Edinburgh and Glasgow, and mentions difficulties with "my 'forthcoming Serial'—as yet I have found nothing and have burned 2 or 3 beginnings, during our little jaunt to Spa & Aix la Chapelle." [Ray 3: 620]

17

Writing to Henry Bowie, Secretary of the Edinburgh Philosophical Institution, Thackeray indicates that he intends "to publish afterwards not these lectures but a much larger work containing the Lectures and a great deal more wh. cannot be included in them." [Ray 3: 623]

17

Writing to John Blackwood, Thackeray sends thanks for inviting him and his daughters to stay with the Blackwoods in Edinburgh during the forthcoming lecture tour. [Harden 1: 753-54]

19

Writing to Alfred Radcliffe, Thackeray says: "I wont lecture for less than 25£ and behold Birmingham Newcastle I forget what other great hulking places can not muster such a sum." Accordingly, he asks Radcliffe to contact people at the Liverpool Institution and "ascertain whether they mean business that is 120£ or so." [Harden 1: 754]

21

Responding to a telegraph message informing him that his mother is ill, Thackeray and his daughters leave London for Paris. [Ray 3: 686; Harden 1: 755]

28

Thackeray returns alone from Paris to London. [Ray 3: 625]

November 2 (Sun) Writing from his sick-bed to Mrs. Baxter, Thackeray tells her: "Not a word of that book is written though I have spent hours & weeks of pains on it." [Ray 3: 629]



as far." Developing an idea that he had expressed at the end of The Newcomes [Works 14: 1008], Thackeray had taken J. J. Ridley's history as his subject, "but it was commenced in too melancholy a strain." [Elwin 1: 156-57]


3

Thackeray leaves London for Edinburgh.. [Ray 3: 627]

4

Thackeray lectures under the sponsorship of the Edinburgh Philosophical Institution, continuing on 7, 11, and 14 November. [Ray 3: 686-87; Harden 1: 742] Writing to Mrs. Fanshawe, Thackeray tells her that his mother, under the care of his daughters, is recovering, and that he "was famously hissed for speaking disrespectfully of Mary Queen of Scots [in "George I"] but it was good fun and made the evening more amusing." [Ray 3: 630]

18

Thackeray lectures at Glasgow under the sponsorship of the Athenaeum, continuing on 21, 25, and 28 November. [Ray 3: 687-89]

20

Thackeray begins his second course of lectures in Edinburgh, continuing on 22, 24, and 26 November. [Ray 3: 687-88]

22

Writing to F. M. Evans, Thackeray confesses having "just gone and done one of those confounded sudden things wh. I do—I've a took 1000£ share in the Transatlantic Electric Cable—I must lecture 2 or 3 months to pay up those shares." [Harden 1: 759]

24

Writing to William Ritchie, Thackeray reports getting £500 or 600 a month from lecturing, and "6000£ for my next book. Cockadoodledoo!" [Ray 3: 635-36]

ca. 25

Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry, Thackeray reports that "the Lectures are a great success[.] They have been repeated here to 3 per cent of the whole population—If I could but get 3 per cent of the population of London! At Glasgow 3000 people come and feed nightly." [Harden 1: 761]

27

Writing to Mrs. Fanshawe, Thackeray says: "The performances are much better liked than they were in America. I must defer the novel yet awhile and take in this golden harvest as it stands." [Ray 3: 640]

27

Thackeray lectures at Paisley. [Ray 3: 688]



312

29

Thackeray lectures at Dumfries. [Ray 3: 689]

30

Thackeray lectures at Carlisle. [Ray 3: 689]

313

December 1 (Mon) Thackeray lectures at Hull under the sponsorship of the Literary and Philosophical Institution, continuing on 3 and 5 December. [Ray 3: 689; Harden 1: 767] 2

Writing to Mrs. Elliot and Kate Perry, Thackeray summarizes his recent lecturing travels and says: "It agrees with me wonderfully the ceaseless racket. . . . Let this go on, and one more novel, and we absolutely shall be INDEPENDENT. Hip Hip Huzzay. . . . All the time at Edinburgh was spent at J. Blackwood's house— the most hospitable and magnificent inn I ever put up in—the company . . . sitting jovially together night after night over bottle after bottle of the most prodigious Good Claret." [Harden 1: 769]

7

Thackeray is scheduled to lecture at Bradford under the sponsorship of the Mechanics Institute, continuing on 8, 9, and 13 December, but illness interferes. [Ray 3: 689-90; Harden 1: 780]

10

Thackeray is scheduled to lecture at Manchester, continuing on 12, 17, and 19 December, but illness interferes. [Ray 3: 690; Harden 1: 780]

10

Writing to Sally Baxter Hampton, Thackeray reports that the lectures "are a much greater success here than in America—as great even pecuniarily. People knowing the subject better more familiar with the allusions &c like the stuff." Telling her of his mother's having "been very unwell and even more frightened than hurt," he also mentions his own condition: "My spirits are very much better—though I get those fierce attacks of illness still—am just out of bed from one of them wh. prevented my lecturing last night & to night. Think that at the end of next year if I work I shall be worth 20,000£!—Its as much as I want— . . . and then when I am independent what shall we do? Hush—perhaps have a shy at politics. . . . I have taken share in the Transatlantic Telegraph—I felt glad somehow to



1811-63


Thackeray lectures at Liverpool, continuing on 16, 18, and 20 December. [Ray 3: 690] Writing to Mrs. John Blackwood, Thackeray characterizes the hurly-burly of his life as a touring lecturer: after writing a dozen business letters, "it is dinner at Mr. Jones after wh. comes lecture after wh. comes supper at Mr. Browns—sleep—soda water, breakfast railway, more letters, dinner at Mr. Hobbs, lecture, supper at Mr. Dobbs's—EXPLOSION Doctor 10 grains bl—k D—se—2 days lie for it—Up again, l e c t u r e railway—letters—dinner at Mr. Jobbs's, lecture, supper at Mr. Snobbs & so on & so on—And I can't avoid my fate as you know Could I avoid it in Randolph Crescent? Didn't I dodge up stairs? plead illness? sneak out of the way? Was it my fault that I smoked and drank brandy & water superimposed on claret & Madeira? I am a Victim—Write over my bloated corpse that I am MURDERED. That is what people are doing to me, and I have 3 months more of the agony to go through." After a teasing remark about having had port superior to that in Edinburgh, he accepts "that there is nothing for me but to do my duty and perish at my post—My last severe attack was all Port—a gentleman at Hull had some '20 and I say cheerfully I will dine with him. . . . Well, when the time for Port comes he gives me a glass of excellent wine—that is 1840 says he—O 40! Says I. The bottle is finished[.] Now try this says he—Capital I say winking at glass 1 of Bottle 2. That is 1826 says my host, and we finish the bottle. Then we have the '20—and very good twenty it is.. But dont you see that I am obliged to do this every day, and my host only once in a month—6 months—a year? . . . I protest I could go on covering reams of paper with my griefs." [Harden 1: 783-85] Thackeray lectures on George III at Derby under the sponsorship of the Mechanics Institution. [Ray 3: 690]



contribute to a thread that shall tie our two countries together—for though I don't love America I love Americans with all my heart—And I daresay you know what family taught me to love them." [Harden 1: 78081]

315

ca. 18

Thackeray's daughters return to London. [Ray 3: 648]

20

Christmas Books, a one-volume cheap edition with illustrations, is published by Chapman and Hall. It contains "Mrs. Perkins's Ball," "Our Street," and "Dr. Birch."

24

Writing to Francis Finlay, who is trying to arrange lectures in Ireland, Thackeray responds sceptically, suggesting the likelihood of "a hot reception . . . from Mulligan's & Costigan's many relatives in Ireland. Bon Dieu, how they did abuse me in the U. States!" [Harden 1: 790] 1857

January 1 (Thu)

Writing to his mother and step-father, Thackeray reports having been sounded out by William Hayter, M. P., as a possible Whig Parliamentary candidate. He tells them that he declined because of his lecture engagements and because he prefers being an independent candidate. [Ray 4: 3-4]

8

Thackeray begins a course of lectures at Bath [Ray 4: 7], followed by lectures elsewhere. The documentation is sparse, but the cities included London, Reading, Brighton, Halifax, Sheffield, Leeds, York, Newcastle, Glasgow, Carlisle, Kirkcaldy, Dundee, and Aberdeen. [Ray 4: 8-9, 13, 19, 21-23, 25, 26; Harden 2: 796-97]

28

Thackeray lectures in the Music-hall at the Royal Surrey Gardens, continuing on 30 January, and on 2 and 3 February. [Ray 4: 13]

February 8 (Sun) Writing to the Rev. Whitwell Elwin, Thackeray tells of plans to leave on the 10th for "a 2 months Northern Tour." [Ray 4: 15] 8

Writing to Frederick Cozzens, Thackeray recalls pleasant times in New York: "all the fellows are present in my mind, I hear their laughter & talk, and taste that 44 Chateau Margaux—and that Champagne."



1811-63

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology He says: "I feel as if I was back again in New York." He tells him of the popularity of his lectures on the Georges, of his forthcoming northern tour, and of his having "found a Barnum who pays me an awful sum for April & May and let us hope June"—Thomas Beale, an impressario who paid 50 guineas a lecture for 50 lectures. [Ray 4: 10, 17]

13

Thackeray is in Halifax to lecture. [Ray 4: 19]

16

Thackeray is in Sheffield to lecture, and speaks of going to Leeds and York. [Harden 2: 805-08]

16

Writing to Bradbury and Evans, Thackeray sends corrections of proofs for Volume IV of Miscellanies, and reiterates his insistence on the removal of the final portion of "Fitz-Boodle's Confessions," which had introduced Minne Lowe, and also of "Miss Lowe," "Dorothea," and "Ottilia," which derived from three young women he had known in Weimar. Finally, he insisted on the removal of "The [Exeutioner's] Wife," the last story in "Men's Wives." [Harden 2: 804-05]

16

Writing to George Smith regarding possible publication of the lectures, Thackeray asks: "Is the delusion about these Lectures sufficiently great to enable us to sell them as they actually stand at a good profitf?] And having read them through the Country for a few months more Shall we kill the wretched goose & have done with it? or shall we bring out not 2 but haply 6 great volumes in future ages about the Georges with a success that might be something like Stricklands?"—who had published 12 volumes of Lives of the Queens of England. He also tells him that the "Serial for B & E is . . . the continuation of Esmond. . . . In the Summer I tried 3 or 4 months in vain at a Modern Story [Harden 2: 805-06]"—of which J. J. Ridley was to be the protagonist. [Elwin 1: 157]

22

Thackeray is in Newcastle-upon-Tyne to lecture. [Harden 2: 811]

March 2 (Mon)

Thackeray is in Glasgow to lecture. [Ray 4: 26]



316

317

16

Thackeray is in Aberdeen to lecture. [Ray 4: 26]

24

Thackeray is in Inverness to lecture. [Ray 4: 32]

25

Thackeray is in Banff to lecture. [Ray 4: 34]

30

Writing from Edinburgh to Lady Jane Ogilvy, Thackeray says: "I had a delightful tourkin in the North, was charmed with Inverness, and fell in love with old Aberdeen, an elderly decayed mouldering old beauty. I found . . . kindness everywhere. . . . But the pace and incessant travelling and lecture-spouting and dining were too much for me. 1 broke down on Friday night on my arrival in Edinburgh leaving 50 gentlemen & the landlord of this hotel aghast who were to give me a dinner on Saturday." He also tells her of having been sounded out as a possible Parliamentary candidate for Edinburgh, but having declined, feeling that he could not be elected in Scotland because of his liberal views, like "opening the Crystal Palace on Sunday." [Ray 4: 37-38]

April 2

The postponed dinner in honor of Thackeray takes place [Ray 4: 40]. In the course of his speech, he says: "As far as I know my political opinions, I belong to the class that I see around me here—the class of lawyers, and merchants, and scholars, and men who are striving on in the world, of men of the educated middle classes of this country. . . . They are men in whom lie, as I believe, the safety, the hope, and the main part of the intelligence of our country." ["Melville" 2: 86-87]

3 (Fri)

Thackeray leaves Edinburgh for London, where he joins his daughters and mother. [Ray 4: 40]

16-17

Writing to Mrs. John Blackwood, Thackeray says: "How comfortable you made me all of you!—I am very softhearted about that Scotland. . . . I hadn't the heart to take leave." He also tells her that on "the 27th a little lecturing tour begins [Harden 2: 818]." It included Exeter, Plymouth, Clifton, Birmingham, Oxford, Leamington, Cambridge, Norwich, and Bury St. Edmonds. [Ray 4: 42-44; Harden 2: 819]



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May 14 (Thu)

Writing from Norwich to William Reed, Thackeray tells him that the "lecturing business is very nearly come to an end. I have made as much more by it as I made in America, And am straightway going to a book," whose title he now identifies as "The Virginians." [Ray 4: 4445]

19

Thackeray attends the annual dinner of the Royal Literary Fund, and speaks in response to a toast by offering his enthusiastic support for the Fund's prosperity. ["Melville" 2: 90-92]

29

Writing to Alfred Tennyson, Thackeray introduces Bayard Taylor as "one of the noblest young men I ever knew, & the most interesting—a pote, a traveller, a writer of no ordinary distinction, and a devotee of A. T." he also announces: "I've done lecturing." [Harden 2: 822]

June 22 (Mon)

Writing to Dr. John Brown, Thackeray tells him that he is "getting up a new sermon" on behalf of the family of Douglas Jerrold, who had died on 8 June. [Ray 4: 48]

July An election is announced for a Parliamentary seat representing Oxford. Thackeray's friend, Charles Neate, persuades him to be an independent candidate. Thackeray's opponent will be Edward Cardwell, a Whig. [Ray 6: 268-69] 9 (Thu)

Thackeray issues a broadside, "To the Electors of the City of Oxford," in which he advocates enlarging the body of eligible voters, introducing the ballot, and popularizing the country's government with more middle-class administrators and fewer aristocratic ones. [Ray 4: 382-83]



Vol. IV of Miscellanies is published by Bradbury and Evans. It contains a preface dated 10 April, "The FitzBoodle Papers," "Men's Wives," "A Shabby Genteel Story," and "The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond." The contents were also published individually.

319

16

Writing to William Hepworth Dixon, Thackeray tells him that "the new lecture . . . is more than 1/2 done, but this election has stopped me and occupies every hour of my time till Tuesday when my fate will be decided. He proposes "Saturday . . . , when I shd. have had plenty of time to finish Week Day Preachers," a revision of "Charity and Humour." [Ray 4: 50]

18

Chapman and Hall announce publication of The Irish Sketch-Book, with illustrations, in a cheap edition.

18

Thackeray issues a broadside, "The Sabbath Question. To the Electors of the City of Oxford," in which he advocates opening picture galleries, museums, scientific collections, and places like the Crystal Palace on Sundays in order to benefit people who have only one day of rest. [Ray 4: opposite p. 383]

21

Declaration of the Poll: Cardwell 1070 votes, Thackeray 1005. Thackeray concludes his concession speech by saying: "I will retire, and take my place with my pen and ink at my desk, and leave to Mr. Cardwell a business which I am sure he understands better than I do." [Ray 4: 382, 388-89]

25?

Thackeray delivers "Week Day Preachers" for the benefit of the family of Douglas Jerrold. [Ray 4: 50]

August 3 (Mon)

23

Writing to Thomas Read, Thackeray mentions having "been ill since my return" from electioneering: "So busy that the muse has had to sit in the antechamber, all this while. Tomorrow we go to Brighton," where he remains until at least the 16th. [Ray 4: 51-52] Writing to a Mr. Lewis, Thackeray anounces that he is "On the Rhine." [Harden 2: 826]

September 13 (Sun) Writing to William Macready, Thackeray says he "is only just home from [Bad] Hombourg, have no lectures to give but the one I owe you and will pay it on any day that shall be fixed by you & your Institution"—a school at Sherborne. [Ray 4: 53, 72]



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October

10 (Sat)

Writing to Dr. John Brown, Thackeray sends him a drawing of the serial cover for The Virginians, saying: "this is the best part . . . which is done as yet. I have been working hard and don't like what I have done." [Harden 2: 830]

3Iff.

Writing to the Baxters, Thackeray says he has been "thinking of [them] all the time of this panic," feeling the effects of the financial turmoil in the United States, and wondering whether "all the American savings were gone to smash, including the 500£ from Harper Brothers for the Virginians." Brighter news reports have lessened his anxiety, though he continues to wonder whether Bradbury and Evans will be able to afford the promised £300 a number. As for the novel itself, "I dont think the Virginians is good yet though it has taken me an immense deal of trouble but I know it will be good at the end." He mentions having "had the parents with me for the last 3 months: or with the girls rather my visits being only occasional." Because his Oxford election expenses were so great, he reports having sold his transatlantic cable shares. His "summer trip," he says, "was confined to a house at Brighton and a little excursion to Hombourg & Paris." As for his health, "I have not had a touch [of illness] since the 4 of July when I was sitting quite happy and unprepared, after a good dinner . . . , and lo! I felt the enemy creeping down my back. Mysterious chill & fever!" [Ray 4: 55-56]

November "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 1 [Chaps. I-IV]." With an illustrated title page and eight other illustrations. (Nov.), pp. 1-32. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 16 [Dec.]: 92-108.) 7 (Sat)

The History of Henry Esmond, Esq. is published in one volume by Smith, Elder. A true second edition.



News of many bank failures in the United States helps to cause a certain amount of panic and some ensuing financial failures in England and Scotland. [Annual Register, 1857]

321

ca. 21

Notes of a Journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo with a colored frontispiece is published by Chapman and Hall as a second edition.

27

Continuing his letter to the Baxters, Thackeray tells them that his "parents are gone away after a good long visit—The old Major grows grows to be more and more like Colonel Newcome every day. My mothers health has greatly improved." Difficult economic times, however, have helped to drain his purse: "times are so bad and every man so hard pressed that 1, 2, 3, 4 up to 14 people have been to me for gold and silver in the course of the month, and I couldnt refuse them in their distress." [Ray 4: 57]

December "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 2 [Chaps. V-VIII]." With an illustrated title page and five other illustrations. (Dec), pp. 33-64. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 16 Dan. 1855]: 240-57.) 21 (Mon)

Writing to John Blackwood, Thackeray reports having nervously completed his serial installment, and says: "We dont sell 20000 of the Virginians as we hoped, but more than 16000 and should have done better but for the confounded times. I have thought proper to knock 50£ a month off my pay from Bradbury & Evans till we get up to a higher number." [Harden 2: 835]

24

Thackeray joins Dickens and Forster in a letter to "twenty old friends of Lady Blessington and Count D'Orsay," asking them to contribute £10 each for a private subscription to be given to her niece, Marguerite Power. [Ray 4: 61]

26

Thackeray gives a speech at the Commercial Travellers' Dinner. ["Melville" 2: 106-09] 1858

January "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 3 [Chaps. IX-XII]." With an illustrated title page and



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2 (Sat)

Writing to Dr. John Brown, Thackeray hopes that Brown had no shares in the failed Western Bank of Scotland, which had very large liabilities. He reports reading "no new books, only newspapers and Magazines of 1756," and getting "out my number with extraordinary throes and difficulty." Acknowledging the heavy financial cost of the Oxford election, he terms it: "a cowardly robbery of a poor innocent rightly-served man. And if I had won—that is the beauty of it—I should have been turned out—my agents, in spite of express promises to me having done acts wh. would have ousted me." [Harden 2: 838]

23

Writing to William D. Robinson, Thackeray says: "I have just paid the last of the Oxford Election bills, and got how much do you think out of 900£—13£ is the modest figure returned." He expresses concern about unpaid dividends from the Michigan Central and the New York Central railroads, yet nevertheless plans "in a few days to pay 100£ for 18 dozen of '48 Claret that is not to be drunk for 4 years." He also says: "I fondly talk of going to America in the autumn and finishing my story sur les lieux [on the spot]. I want to know what was the colour of Washingtons livery—Where the deuce was George Warrington carried after he was knocked down at Braddock's defeat. Was he taken by Indians into a French fort? I want him to be away for a year and a half, or until the siege of Quebec. If you see Fred. Cozzens or George Curtis, ask them to . . . send me a little line." [Ray 4: 65-66]

27

Continuing his letter to Robinson, Thackeray tells him that on the previous day he gave "one of the old 51 lectures in a suburb of London" [Ray 4: 67]. No further details are known.

February "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 4 [Chaps. XIII-XVI]." With an illustrated title page and eight other illustrations. (Feb.), pp. 97-128. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 16 [Mar.]: 525-41.)



eight other illustrations. (Jan.), pp. 65-96. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 16 [Feb.]: 381-98.)

323

22 (Mon)

Writing to W. C. Macready, Thackeray agrees to lecture "at Sherborne under your auspices" on 9 March. [Ray 4: 69; Harden 2: 841]

25

Writing to John R. Thompson, living in Virginia, Thackeray says: "I have been much in Virginia . . . as you know who have followed my books. . . . These Virginians take me as much time as if I was writing a History. I often hope that I may come over and finish it on the ground itself, and certainly mean to do so if health & circumstance will let me." [Ray 4: 69-70]

March "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 5 [Chaps. XVII-XX]." With an illustrated title page and seven other illustrations. (Mar.), pp. 129-60. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 16 [Apr.]: 670-87.) 2 (Tue)

Thackeray delivers "Week Day Preachers" at Eyre Arms. [Ray 4: 391]

9

Thackeray delivers a lecture at Sherborne, apparently "Week Day Preachers." [Ray 4: 72, 391]

11

Writing to Lady Stanley, Thackeray tells her that he returned "home last night from a very pleasant excursion to Sherborne. Handsome old house of Queen Anne's time—Wonderful good old wine. Macready the man—even better than Macready the actor. . . . His hobby is education and he has a school of 150 young rustics whom he teaches himself 3 times a week. Honest country families with gig lamps came into the lecture: got 25£ for the benefit of the Institution." [Ray 4: 72]

21

Writing to Thackeray, Frederick Cozzens answers questions raised in Thackeray's letter to William D. Robinson, telling him that Washington's livery was scarlet and white, and that Thackeray cannot make Warrington "a prisoner in the hands of the Indians. The Indian does not know anything of prisoners of war, except to roast them afterwards. There have been some few instances, where prisoners have been kept for a short time by the red men as menials, but in the end they were either tomahawked or served up in the usual



1811-63

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A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology style, or escaped" [Wilson 1: 358]. The latter was to be George's fate. Thackeray chairs the annual dinner of the Royal Theatrical Fund. ["Melville" 2: 110-14] "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 6 [Chaps. XXI-XXIV]." With an illustrated title page and five other illustrations. (Apr.), pp. 161-92. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 16 [May]: 813-30.)

2 (Fri)

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her that Pearman is leaving his service, that Scottish banks are failing, that he has invested more in New York Central stocks, "believing the Railway to be as good as anything in Europe." He also says that "though I am writing to you I am thinking about No VII—can't help myself—and am very happy thinking about No VII after all—only silent and solitary." [Ray 4: 75-77]

9

Writing to his mother, Thackeray explains that he cannot come to Paris: "Have to lecture on the 20th. (Mind the proceeds of the lecture are for your ivories) have promised Lord Palmerston to dine at the Literary Fund on the 25 th. & am rather anxious to repair my defeat at the Dramatic dinner. [W]ant to show on the 1 of May at the Royal Academy dinner, and to get time to go into hospital with [Dr. Henry] Thompson, being a good bit bothered at present by my old [urethral] enemy." [Ray 4: 78]

20

Thackeray lectures on George HI at Eyre Arms. [Ray 4: 391]

23

Writing to Mrs. Baxter, Thackeray tells her of having finished his number "just in time to send it by post to Liverpool & America. The book's clever but stupid thats the fact. I hate story-making incidents, surprises, love-making, &c more and more every day: and here is a third of a great story done equal to two thirds of an ordinary novel—and nothing actually has happened except that a young gentleman has come from America to England." Speaking of his daughters, he



29

1811-63

325

says: "I am afraid the 2 Lambert girls in the Virginians are very like them." [Ray 4: 80-81] "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 7 [Chaps. XXV-XXVIII]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (May), pp. 193-224. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 17 [June]: 95-112.) 1 (Sat)

Thackeray speaks at the Royal Academy Dinner. ["Melville" 2: 115-16]

5

Thackeray attends the Royal Literary Fund Dinner. [Ray 4: 392]

9

Thackeray has dinner at home with Elliot, Synge, Dickens, Maclise, Landseer, Lord Broughton, Lord Stanley, and Ivan Turgeniev. [Ray 4: 392] Writing to his mother, Thackeray mentions having hired Samuel Langley as his secretary, "to whom I give 1£ a week for a sham job! . . . May we always have one to spare for a poor fellow!" He also tells her of the "sad news" of Dickens separating from his wife. [Ray 4: 86]

June "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 8 [Chaps. XXIX-XXXII." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (June), pp. 225-56. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 17 [July]: 239-56.) 13 (Sun)

Writing in response to reports of his conversation and to a personal attack in a gossip newspaper, Town Talk, by a fellow member of the Garrick Club, Edmund Yates, Thackeray says: "Allow me to inform you that the talk, wh. you may have heard there, is not intended for newspaper remark; and to beg, as I have a right to do, that you will refrain from printing comments upon my private conversations,—that you will forego discussions, however blundering, on my private affairs; and that you will henceforth please to consider any question of my personal truth and sincerity, as quite out of the province of your criticism." [Harden 2: 850]



May


16

Thackeray has dinner with the Stationers' Company. [Ray 4: 393]

19

Writing to the Committee of the Garrick Club, Thackeray submits the offensive article and copies of the correspondence he has had with Yates concerning it, says that publishing such articles is "fatal to the comfort of the Club," and asks them to take action. [Harden 1: 851]

26

The Committee unanimously finds Thackeray's complaints well-founded and calls upon Yates to apologize or resign. Yates, in consultation with Dickens, refuses to do either. [Ray 4: 96-100]

July "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 9 [Chaps. XXXIII-XXXVI]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (July), pp,. 257-88. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 17 [Aug.]: 384-401.) 10 (Sat)

A Special General Meeting of the Garrick Club endorses the Committee decision. [Ray 4: 105-06]

12

Accompanied by his daughters, Thackeray leaves London for the Continent. [Ray 4: 393]

13-23

Thackeray journeys through Ghent, Cologne, Rolandseck, Biberich, Heidelberg, and Wolfsbrunn, to Berne, from where he sends two chapters of Number 11 to London. [Ray 4: 393]

20

The Committee of the Garrick Club removes Yates's name from the Club's list of members. [Ray 4: 105]

25

Thackeray sends drawings for Number 11 to the engravers in London. [Ray 4: 107]

27

Thackeray leaves Berne for Lucerne. [Ray 4: 393]

August "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 10 [Chaps. XXXVII-XL]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (Aug.), pp. 289-320. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 17 [Sept.]: 525-42.)



326

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T h a c k e r a y leaves Zurich for Schaffhausen, Friedrichshafen, Augsburg, Munich, Stuttgart, Frankfurt, Cologne, Ghent, Bruges, Ostende, Dover, and London. [Ray 4: 394]

25

Writing to the Baxters, Thackeray tells them that the girls at least had a jolly tour, but that he is "constantly unwell now" with repeated fits of spasms. [Ray 4: 108-09] September "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 11 [Chaps. XLI-XLIV]." With an illustrated title page and five other illustrations. (Sept.), pp. 321-52. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 17 [Oct.]: 669-87.) 13 (Mon)

Thackeray arrives in Paris from Folkestone. [Ray 4: 394]

20

Writing to Lady Pollock, Thackeray congratulates her on the marriage of her daughter, Clara. He also tells her that he has had "2 or 3 attacks of illness in the last few weeks," but that he has just that morning been able to complete Number 12, where "Mr. George Warrington of Castlewood Va came to life again." [Harden 2: 855]

21-25

Writing to Lady Stanley, Thackeray speaks of having been ill most of the time in London, but having found the Paris air to be "like perpetual Champagne." Nevertheless, he succumbs again and, worse still, his mother, on her way "to see her son in his illness and walking for the first time these many months, was knocked down by some gamins close to her own door, has broken a bone in the hip somewhere and is to be lame for life." [Ray 4: 110-13]

October "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 12 [Chaps. XLV-XLVIII]." With an illustrated title page, six other illustrations, and an additional illustrated



3 (Tue)-5 Thackeray leaves Lucerne for Olten and Zurich, from where he sends the rest of Number 11 to London. [Ray 4: 393]

328


18 (Mon)

Thackeray has returned to London. [Ray 4: 114]

20

Writing to Eliza Craigie, Thackeray tells her that he is "here for a few days to get out my number," that his mother has been injured, that his girls are still in Paris, and that he shall return there "as soon as ever my business here is done." [Harden 2: 856-57]

November "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 13 [Chaps. I-IV]." With an illustrated title page and seven other illustrations. (Nov.), pp. 1-32. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 18 [Dec.]: 95-113.) 4 (Thu)

Writing from Paris to Dr. John Brown, Thackeray says: "I . . . dont like the Virginians 1/2 as much as you do. Very good writing, but it ought to have been at its present stage of the story at no X—I dawdled fatally between V & X—those spasms were knocking me about; or I am old, or I am tired, or some other reason." Asking what is left in life, he feels that "at 47 Venus may rise from the sea and I for one shd. hardly put my spectacles on to have a look." Finally he reports that his mother is getting on "so well that I think I may soon go home." [Harden 2: 858-59]

26

Thackeray has returned to London. [Ray 4: 118]

December "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 14 [Chaps. V-VIII]." With an illustrated title page and five other illustrations. (Dec), pp. 33-64. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 18 [Jan. 1859]: 237-54.) 2 (Thu)

Writing to John Blackwood, Thackeray reports having a new doctor who warns him to beware of brandy and water. "But CLARET AS MUCH AS YOU LIKE." Accordingly, he has "just ordered in 10 dozen Laffitte." [Harden 2: 865]

27

Thackeray has returned to Paris. [Ray 4; 124]



title page for Volume 1. (Oct.), pp. 353-82. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 17 [Nov.]: 813-29.)

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1859 "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 15 [Chaps. IX-XII]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (Jan.), pp. 65-96. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 18 [Feb.]: 381-99.) 7 (Fri)

Thackeray has returned to London. [Harden 2: 872]

26

Writing to Dr. John Brown, Anne Thackeray tells him that her father "finished his No. last night about 2 1/2 o'clock," and that except for an "attack on Xmas day he has not been ill for nearly six weeks" [Ray 4: 127]

February "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 16 [Chaps. XIII-XV]." With an illustrated title page and five other illustrations. (Feb.), pp. 97-128. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 18 [Mar.]: 525-43.) 19 (Sat)

George Smith, proposing to establish a new monthly magazine beginning publication on 1 January 1860, offers Thackeray £350 for each monthly installment of one or two new novels to be published in the magazine, and for the right to republish each novel in separate form. [Ray 4: 130]

March "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 17 [Chaps. XVI-XIX]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (Mar.), pp. 129-60. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 18 [Apr.]: 670-86.) Yates publishes a sixteen-page pamphlet written with the help of Dickens, "Mr. Thackeray, Mr. Yates, and the Garrick Club: The Correspondence and Facts," another unprincipled attack on Thackeray. [Ray 6: 290, 478] 12 (Sat)

Writing to Charles Kingsley, who has told him of his personal support, Thackeray thanks him and expresses his pain at Dickens's support of Yates, who seems "hardly aware of the nature of his own offence, and doesnt even now understand" the grossness of his



January

330


12

Writing to Lady Hardinge, Thackeray thanks her for the loan of papers relating to Gen. James Wolfe: "They are, I think, very characteristic of the man who drew his sword and swaggered so oddly in Pitt's dining room. I like the Quixotism in his character, wh. helped him perhaps to be a hero; and fancy a lot of gasconading and military strut not in the least unbecoming a good and brave man. But I daren't draw the character quite as I fancy i t for I may be utterly in the wrong, and have no right to take liberties with such great names." [Harden 2: 877]

29

Writing to William D. Robinson, Tha.ckeray says he plans to hold his tongue about the Garrick Club affair, "and let the pennyaliners fire away their abuse till the subject dies out." Speaking of The Virginians, Thackeray tells him that "the Americain part wh. was to have been in 12 numbers now has dwindled to 6—the construction [of] the story must perforce be altered, and a study of it sur les lieux is impossible." He also reports having reached agreement "to write a story in 16 numbers." Reporting on his health, he mentions having "had my water-works retinkered and the cisterns & pipes put in good working order." Finally, he rejoices at having "300 bottles of '41, & 48 claret paid for," and asks Robinson to come over for a visit. [Ray 4: 135-36]

"The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 18 [Chaps. XX-XXIII]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (Apr.), pp. 161-92. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 18 [May]: 816-33.) 9 (Sat)

Thackeray signs an agreement with Smith, Elder to write two novels for a soon-to-be-established periodical, later to be named The Cornhill Magazine, and not to publish "any other writing of his either in a



insult. He mentions that many "of the pennyaline fraternity have written on his side," failing "to understand that to be accused of hypocrisy of base motives for public & private conduct. . . are the points wh. make me angry." [Ray 4: 133-35]

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Writing to Samuel Lucas, editor of Bradbury and Evans's new periodical, Once a Week, Thackeray regretfully explains that though he would have liked to contribute a few papers to it, Smith, Elder have made reasonable objections, based on the contract that he has signed with them. [Harden 2: 884-85] Smith offers Thackeray the editorship of Smith, Elder's new periodical at a monthly salary of £1,000, and persuades him to accept by agreeing to assume business management of the magazine himself. [Smith 6; Ray 6: 294] "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 19 [Chaps. XXIV-XXVII]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (May), pp. 193-224. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 19 [June]: 101-18.) Writing to Mrs. Theresa Hatch, Thackeray expresses gratitude for her appreciative letter regarding The Virginians, especially Number 19, with its touching depiction of Theo's ordeal, and says: "I have been called misanthrope and cynic so long and so often, that I can't help being pleased when people find out that my heart is not altogether stone. The truth is I think in art as in life that Sentiment should be most carefully and sacredly used: and mistrust the man who is always crying in his books or in his daily dealings. That I can give my readers comfort or pleasure is a sincere pleasure and comfort to me: and the thought of being able sometimes to do so, is one of the most precious rewards wh. my profession brings me." [Ray 4: 140-41] Writing to Mrs. John Blackwood, Thackeray tells her of his narrow escape that month: "Twice ill. 4 days each time. Obliged to/ come out without my plates./ What a national calamity!/ only done at 6/ Yesterday/ evg.!/ Hip Hip/ Huzzay." [Harden 2: 887]



periodical, or in a separate form until after the completion of the publication of the . . . two novels." [Harden 2: 885]

332


June

22 (Wed)

Thackeray speaks at the Royal Literary Fund Dinner. ["Melville" 2: 117-20] Writing to Sir Jonathan Pollock towards the end of the month, Thackeray regretfully declines an invitation. Having been "in the throes and agonies of my travail," which he has apparently just concluded, he plans to go off "to a secret place on Saturday to make a desperate plunge at my work: for I have only 2 months more and the story to wind up the heroes and —ines to kill and marry and the whole American war to polish off." [Harden 2: 890-91]

July "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 21 [Chaps. XXXII-XXXV]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (July), pp. 257-88. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 19 [Aug.]: 381-98.) 24 (Sun)

Writing to Lady Molesworth, Thackeray expresses his hope to begin his visit on 22 August after completing his "last (double) number" by that date, but he failed to complete a double number by the specified time. [Ray 4: 146]

August "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 22 [Chaps. XXXVI-XXXVIII]." With an illustrated title page and three other illustrations. (Aug.), pp. 289-320. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 19 [Sept.]: 537-54.) 23 (Tue)

Writing to his daughters, who are visiting the de Bathes, Thackeray tells them that for the new magazine he is going to turn "The Wolves and the Lamb" into "a story in 6 numbers to be followed by the 4 Georges in 4 numbers—and not begin the long story until July." He also says that he has "still 12 pages to do" of the forthcoming number of The Virginians. [Ray 4: 148-49]



"The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 20 [Chaps. XXVIII-XXXI]." With an illustrated title page and six other illustrations. (June), pp« 225-56. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 19 Duly]: 240-55.)

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7 (Wed)

Writing from Folkestone to George Smith, Thackeray announces that he finished The Virginians "at 2 o'clock this mg. and now D. V. propose to do nothing till the end of the month," except travel to Bordeaux. "O what a load is off my mind!" Considering possible topics and contributors, he says: "As I think of the editing business I like it." [Ray 4: 149-50] Writing from Folkestone to Alfred Tennyson, Thackeray tells of his landlord's having treated him to several bottles of claret, which have enabled him to speak of his joy in reading "Idylls of the King," and to recall "The Princess," and "the lines, wh. only one man in the world could write," evoking the "horns of Elfland blowing in full strength, and Arthur in gold armour and Guenevere with gold hair, and all those knights & heroes and beauties and purple landscapes and misty grey lakes in wh. you have made me live. They seem like facts to me. . . . You have made me as happy as I was as a child with the Arabian nights: every step I have walked in Elfland has been a sort of Paradise to me." [Harden 2: 896]

21

Writing from Genoa to Mrs. Baxter, Thackeray tells her of having taken the last pages of The Virginians to London on the 7th, "and returned straight to Folkestone, and we crossed to Boulogne," after which he and his daughters went to Tours, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Marseilles, and Nice before coming to Genoa. He speaks of his struggles with ill-health and with his novel, which he calls "a failure" instead of what he had hoped for: "a great victory." As a consequence, "seeing how my health had failed, and my style was languid, I had determined to rest and fortify both and was going not to put pen to paper for 6 months—but—BUT it is arranged otherwise. We begin a new magazine on the first January, of wh. I am to be conductor." [Harden 2: 898-99]



September "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 23 [Chaps. XXXIX-XLII]." With an illustrated title page and eight other illustrations. (Sept.), pp. 321-52. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 19 [Oct.]: 677-94.)


29

Writing to George Smith at 65 Cornhill from Chur, Switzerland, where he and his daughters are being detained by Anne's illness, dysentery, Thackeray asks: "Have you found a title?" and mentions that "St. Lucius 'who founded the Church of Saint Peter Cornhill' is buried here." [Harden 2: 902-03]

October "The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century. No. 24 [Chaps. XLIII-XLIV]." With an illustrated title page, three other illustrations, and an additional illustrated title page for Volume 2. (Oct.), pp. 353-76. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 19 [Nov.]: 818-30.) 4 (Tue)

Writing to George Smith from Zurich after his stay at Chur, Thackeray speaks of plans to stop briefly in Paris and then to be in London on the 10th or shortly thereafter. He also proposes a title for their new journal: "the Cornhill Magazine. It has a sound of jollity & abundance about it" [Harden 2: 903-04]

10

Writing to George Smith from Paris, Thackeray promises to meet him in London on the morning of the 12th, after bringing his daughters and parents with him. [Harden 2: 904-05]

16

Writing to Thomas Carlyle, Thackeray solicits a contribution for the magazine: "Can you help an old friend? Have you never an unedited chapterkin, or a subject on wh. you wish to speak to the public [Harden 2: 905]?" Replying on the 20th, however, Carlyle speaks of being immersed in "Prussian rubbish"—his history of Frederick the Great—and "can yet bethink me of nothing in the least likely." [Ray 4: 157] Writing to Mrs. John Blackwood, Thackeray tells her that his wine hoard has grown: "I have 40 dozen of 41, 44, & 48 paid for." [Harden 2: 907]

28

Writing to Anthony Trollope, Thackeray requests a magazine contribution [Harden 2: 907-08]. Trollope obliged with Framley Parsonage, which appeared in The Cornhill Magazine from January 1860 through April 1861.



334

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"To a Friend and Contributor." 1 November 1859. [A circular laid into copies of the January 1860 number of The Cornhill Magazine.] Thackeray explains that the Magazine naturally seeks fiction as part of the entertainment that it hopes to offer, but also, "on the other hand, as much reality as possible—discussion and narrative of events interesting to the public, personal adventures and observations, familiar reports of scientific discovery, description of Social Institutions . . . —there is hardly any subject we don't want to hear about." Speaking of the Magazine as a hospitable table of fare, he says: "If our friends have good manners, a good education, and write in good English, the company, I am sure, will be all the better pleased; and the guests, whatever their rank, age, sex be, will be glad to be addressed by well-educated gentlemen and women." [Ray 4:159-61] Thackeray writes many personal letters soliciting contributions from writers, including friends like Longfellow, Tennyson, and the Brownings. [Ray 4: 164, 168; Harden 2: 915-16] 21 (Mon)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray says: "I should rather like to make Mr. Pendennis the author of my story; and let him walk through it. He can talk more freely than Mr. Thackeray" [Harden 2: 916]. Ultimately, however, he created a different narrator: Charles Batchelor.

December 23 The first number of The Cornhill Magazine is published and Thackeray leaves for Paris [Harden 2: 931]. 110,000 copies were sold. [Ray 4: 168] ca. 29

Thackeray leaves Paris for London. [Harden 2: 931] 1860

January "Lovel the Widower [Chap. I]." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Jan.): 44-60. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 20 [Feb.]: 383-92.)



November

336


6 (Fri)

Writing to Sir John Burgoyne, Thackeray thanks him for his article, "Our Volunteers," which had appeared in the January issue, and had attracted the notice of The Times that morning. "The article has been of the greatest service to us." He also speaks of the "immense success" of the magazine: "such a sale has never been known in England before." [Harden 2: 934-35]

19

Writing to Richard Monckton Milnes, Thackeray tells him that the magazine is going "to press to day with the sheet containing your poem, for wh. Millais has made an illustration," and with poems by Tennyson and Hood [Harden 2: 935]. The February issue contained Milnes's "Unspoken Dialogue," Tennyson's "Tithonus," and Hood's "To Goldenhair."

February "Nil Nisi Bonum." The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Feb.): 129-34. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 20 [Mar.]: 54245.) "Lovel the Widower [Chap. II]." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Feb.): 233-47. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 20 [Mar.]: 525-34.) 22 (Wed)

Thackeray speaks at the Dramatic, Equestrian, and Mutual Sick Fund festival. [Harden 2: 948-49]

March "Lovel the Widower [Chap. III]." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Mar.): 330-45. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 20 [Apr.]: 680-88.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. II. On Two Children in Black." The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Mar.): 380-84. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 20 [Apr.], 670-72.) 8 (Thu)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray says: "I have taken at last the House on Kensington Palace Green in which



"RoundaboutPapers.—No. I. On A Lazy Idle Boy." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Jan.): 12428.

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"Lovel the Widower [Chap. IV]." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Apr.): 385-402. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 20 [May]: 813-24.) "The Last Sketch." Signed "W. M. T." The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (Apr.): 485-87. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 20 [May], 824-25.) 9 (Mon)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray encloses "Little Scholars," written by Anne, "wh. moistened my paternal spectacles. It is the article I talked of sending to Blackwood; but why should CornHill lose such a sweet paper, because it was my dear girl who wrote it? Papas, however, are bad judges—you decide whether we shall have it or not" [Harden 2: 964]. Smith accepted "Little Scholars," which appeared in the May Cornhill.

May "Lovel the Widower [Chap. V]." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (May): 583-97. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 21 [June]: 99-107.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. III. On Ribbons." With an illustration [and another illustration engraved from a photograph].The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (May): 631-40. 4 (Fri)

Writing to Sir Henry Davison, Thackeray asks him to read "the Cornhill Magazine for May the article little Scholars is by my dear old fat Anny." He anticipates earning £10,000 in the next year, and is "going to spend 4000 in building a new house on Palace Green Kensington." He also says he has "brought Granny & G P to live at Brompton Crescent close by us." [Harden 2: 968-69]

June "Lovel the Widower [Chap. VI]." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (June): 652-68. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 21 [July]: 238-47.) 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


I hope the History of Queen Anne will be written." [Harden 2: 955]

338

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology "Roundabout Papers—No. IV. On Some Late Great Victories." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 1 (June): 755-60.

"The Four Georges. Sketches of Manners, Morals, Court and Town Life. I.—George the First." With three illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (July): 1-20. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 21 [Aug.]: 395-405.) "Vanitas Vanitatum." The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (July): 59-60. "Roundabout Papers—No. V. Thorns in the Cushion." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (July): 122-28. 20 (Fri) ff.

Thackeray and his family are in Tunbridge Wells, where they spend the summer (though Thackeray makes day-trips to London), and where he writes "Tunbridge Toys." [Bio. Works 12:xvi; Ray 4: 195-97; Harden 2: 982-83]

August "The Four Georges. Sketches of Manners, Morals, Court, and Town Life. II.—George the Second." With three illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Aug.): 175-91. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 21 [Sept.]: 525-35.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. VI. On Screens in Diningrooms." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Aug.): 252-56. 3 (Fri)

Writing from Folkestone to George Smith, Thackeray tells him that he intends to go to Paris by himself and hopes that Smith can spare him for two or three weeks. [Harden 2: 984]

27

Writing from Tunbridge Wells to Catherine Gore, Thackeray explains that Colonel Newcome did not derive from one of her characters, as she seems to think: "Half of Colonel Newcome is down stairs now— the other half is in London"—i.e. Henry CarmichaelSmyth and his brother Charles. Speaking of the



July

339

painter, Charles Leslie, Thackeray tells her that he "loved and admired" Leslie's genius, "and was glad when I heard from the good mans family that they were pleased with my little say about him" in "The Last Sketch" [Works 17: 373-74]. He also mentions the Memorials of Thomas Hood: "I may speak about that some day, having read few books wh. have touched me more. All those wonderful puns and jokes & all that sickness and misery—all that genius and that very very scanty reward—I feel ashamed almost of my own luck when I think of his small earnings." [Ray 4: 195-96] September "The Four Georges. Sketches of Manners, Morals, Court, and Town Life. III.—George the Third." With four illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Sept.): 25777. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 21 [Oct.]: 671-82.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. VII. Tunbridge Toys." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Sept.): 38084. ca. 18 (Tue) Having "100£ in my pocket burning to be spent," Thackeray and his daughters leave for the Continent, where they spend a week's holiday visiting Antwerp, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Amsterdam, returning to London on 25 September. [Harden 2: 991-92] 28

Writing to William D. Robinson, Thackeray epitomizes his current life: "I have a Magazine once a month, a fever attack once a month, the charge of old folks and young folks whom I have to take to the country or arrange for at home—a great deal of business & bad health, and very little order. . . . I am making and spending a deal of money have outlived my health, popularity, and inventive faculties as I r a t h e r suspect—am building a fine house and wonder whether I shall ever be able to live in it." [Ray 4: 202-03]

October "The Four Georges. Sketches of Manners, Morals, Court, and Town Life. IV.—George the Fourth." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Oct.): 385406. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 21 [Nov.]: 823-34.)



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15 (Mon)

Writing to Charles Lever who has been having difficulties with Chapman and Hall because limited sales of his latest book have caused them to lose money, Thackeray says: "Bradbury & Evans lost money by the author of the Virginians—But as the authors of Harry Lorrequer & Vanity Fair have put plenty of money into their publishers' pockets—nobody can afford to lose with a better grace than those publishers. . . . This last 'Days Ride' has not hit the public . . . —'Lovel the Widower' didn't hit them either. . . . I begin a Serial in January in the Cornhill Magazine: and must make it as strong as I can to fetch up the ground wh. I have—not lost, I trust, but only barely kept I sang purposely small: wishing to keep my strongest for a later day, and give Trollope all the honors of violino primo. Now I must go to work and with a vengeance." [Harden 2: 996]

November "A Roundabout Journey. Notes of a Week's Holiday. With three illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Nov.): 623-40. 20 (Tue)

Abraham Lincoln is elected President of the United States.

27

Thackeray sends George Smith the manuscript for the January number of The Adventures of Philip. [Harden 2: 1002]

December "Roundabout Papers.—No. IX. On a Joke I Once Heard From The Late Thomas Hood." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Dec): 752-60. 17 (Mon)

Writing to John Ruskin, Thackeray regrets that he cannot give "lectures on behalf of charitable institutions," as he has been requested to do by a clergyman friend of Ruskin's: "There would be no end of such oratory. I keep my charity lecture for poor



"Roundabout Papers.—No. VIII. De Juventute." With three illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 2 (Oct.): 500-12.

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20

South Carolina adopts an Ordinance of Secession.

25

Writing to the Baxters, Thackeray expresses alarm at the Secession, since their daughter, Sally, is living in South Carolina: "Is Sally going to be a Countrywoman of your's no longer, and will her children in arms fight Libby's? It's a horrible thing to me to read of." He hopes that they will be able to visit "next year when my fine new house will be built—at Palace Green, Kensington—opposite the old palace. If I live, please God, I shall write the history of Queen Anne there. My dear relations are furious at my arrogance extravagance & presumption in building a handsome new house, and one of them [Charles Carmichael] who never made a joke in his life said yesterday to me 'You ought to call it Vanity Fair.'" [Harden 2: 1010; Ray 4: 241] 1861

January "The Adventures of Philip on his way through the World; Shewing Who Robbed Him, Who Helped Him, and Who Passed Him By [Chaps. I-III]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (Jan.): 1-24. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 22 [Feb.]: 381-93.) 11 (Fri)

Writing to Frederick Elliot, Thackeray laments the death of his beloved Mrs. Elliot on 9 January: "I have lost the best friend left me in the world. I write a line to Kate... . God bless you, my dear friend. Since I have known you and her I have had nothing but kindness and sympathy and tenderness from both of you." [Harden 2: 1014]

February "Philip [Chaps. IV-V]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (Feb.): 166-89. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 22 [Mar.]: 52942.)



families, and cant afford to take any more clients." [Harden 2:1008]

342


11 (Mon)

Writing to Frederick Walker, Thackeray tells him: "The Blocks you have executed for 'The Cornhill Magazine' have given so much satisfaction that I hope we may look for more from the same hand. . . . Pray let me know if I may count upon you for my large cut for March." [Harden 2: 1020]

28

Writing to his Philadelphia friend, William Reed, Thackeray introduces the foreign correspondent, William Howard Russell, who is being sent to the United States by The Times. [Harden 2: 1022]

March "Philip [Chaps. VI-VII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (Mar.): 270-93. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 22 [Apr.]: 669-82.) 6 (Wed)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray tells him: "I spent five precious days last week in a vain endeavour to do a large woodblock for 'Philip'. I am ill with one of my attacks, cant think of any work for three days, have only 8 or 9 pages of 'Philip' done, room must be left for me, and the moment I have strength enough I will set to work." [Harden 2: 1023] "Philip [Chaps. VIII-X]." With three illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (Apr.): 385-408. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 22 [May]: 815-27.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XI. On a Chalk Mark on the Door." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (Apr.): 504-12.

11 (Thu)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray says: "I am prostrated with one of my attacks, and five pages of 'Philip1 remain to be done. It was the lawyers delayed me this time. Let me know the latest day I can have."



"Roundabout Papers.—No. X. Round About The Christmas Tree." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (Feb): 250-56.

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The delay involved consultations regarding legal technicalities relevant to the plot of Philip. [Harden 2: 1029-31] Southern rebels fire on Fort Sumter, South Carolina, beginning the American Civil War.

May "Philip [Chaps. XI-XII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (May): 556-83. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 23 [June]: 90-105.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XII. On Being Found Out." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (May): 636-40. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 23 [June]: 11214.) Writing to George Smith, Thackeray tells him: "I shall have done the number please goodness tomorrow night, and shall go on straightway with another. Couldn't go to Paris—my hydraulics were too much out of order." He concludes by proposing that Lovel be published in book form: "I believe . . . people would like it. It amused me when I read it: and others—a few others have spoken well of it." [Harden 2: 1038] 15 (Wed)

Thackeray speaks at the Royal Literary Fund Dinner. [Harden 2: 1041]

24

Writing to Mrs. Baxter, Thackeray says: "If Wylly [her son] doesn't come till December or so we shall most likely be able to house him in Vanity Fair House. . . . But the house is very dear. It costs 6000£ and 100£ a year ground rent. Where we are now only costs 3000— But its a famous situation & will be a little competency to the girl who inherits it." Under the heading, "Awful Reprisals," he writes: "Thackeray invested the money wh. he received for his lectures in America, in American railway stocks. If they cease to pay dividends, he threatens to come back to America, and give more lectures"—thereby testifying to the financial uncertainty that the war has caused him. [Ray 4: 235-36]



12-13


27

Writing to Anthony Trollope, Thackeray tells him that "since the sad end of Framley Parsonage our Magazine has dropped a thousand or more [Harden 2: 1042]." Hence he asks for another serial. Trollope responded with The Struggles of Brown, Jones, and Robinson, which appeared in the Cornhill from August 1861 through March 1862. Writing to the Rev. Whitwell Elwin, Thackeray speaks of his response to the works of George Eliot: "I admire but cant read Adam Bede and the books of that author." As for his house, he says: "It's all built out of CornHill money and I shall put 2 wheat-sheaves on the doors." [Harden 2: 1040]

June "Philip [Chaps. XIII-XIV]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (June): 641-65. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 23 Duly]: 233-46.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XIII. On a Hundred Years Hence." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 3 (June): 755-60. 21 (Fri)

Writing to Henry Manisty, the Treasurer of Gray's Inn, Thackeray proposes to give up his chambers there. [Harden 2: 1044-45]

July "Philip [Chaps. XV-XVI]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (July): 1-24. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 23 [Aug.]: 381-94.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XIV. Small Beer Chronicle." With two illustrations. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (July): 122-28. 9 (Tue)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray calls Trollope's serial "very pleasant reading." Speaking of his own novel, he says: "Philip is unfortunately going into poverty & struggle but this cant be helped; and as he will entre nous, take pretty much the career of W M T



344

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17ff.

Thackeray is in Folkestone with his daughters. [Harden 2: 1051]

31

Writing from Folkestone to George Smith, Thackeray reports: "My muse has been very costive in these latter days[.] She has been upon the chair for hours and hours and nothing would come. I have a Roundabout done however and 13 pages of Philip. I hope the other 11 will be done on Saturday." [Harden 2: 1057]

August "Philip [Chaps. XVII-XVIII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (Aug.): 129-52. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 23 [Sept.]: 524-37.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XV. Ogres." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (Aug.): 251-56. ca. 27 (Tue)

Thackeray goes to Paris. [Ray 4: 398]

September "Philip [Chaps. XIX-XX]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (Sept.): 257-80. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 23 [Oct.]: 689-702.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XVI. On Two Roundabout Papers Which I Intended To Write." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (Sept.): 377-84. 30 (Mon)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray summarizes his last two years: "I have lived comfortably helped the old folks lent a good bit to friends and paid 4000£ on the house." [Harden 2: 1060]

October "Philip [Chaps. XXI-XXII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 4



in the first years of his ruin and absurdly imprudent marriage at least the portrait will be faithful." [Harden 2: 1049]

346


1 (Tue)

Writing to John Boyes, Thackeray reports having "just come back from Scotland where I have been burying my good old step-father; who had but a few hours illness, and was quite well and cheerful the night before he was sent for. So they pass away. And now comes the turn of our generation: and Amen." [Ray 4: 247]

November "Philip [Chaps. XXIII-XXIV]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (Nov.): 513-36. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 24 [Dec.]: 90-103.) 2 (Sat)

Writing to Frank Fladgate, his advisor regarding legal details in the narrative of Philip, Thackeray thanks him for the story of the Lowther inheritance, which served as a model for Philip's inheritance: "I have been very ungrateful in not thanking you sooner for the Wicked Earl. We shall be able to reward Virtue and confound Vice famously at the end of Vol III. How I wish I had got so far!" [Ray 4: 251]

December "Philip [Chaps. XXV-XXVI]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (Dec): 641-64. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 24 [Jan. 1862]: 233-45.) "RoundaboutPapers.—No.XVIL A Mississippi Bubble." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 4 (Dec): 754-60. "A Leaf out of a Sketch-Book. By W. M. Thackeray." With two illustrations. The Victoria Regia: A Volume of Original Contributions in Poetry and Prose. Ed. Adelaide A. Procter. London: Emily Faithfull, 1861, pp. 118-25. 13 (Fri)

Writing to the London bookseller and publisher, George Virtue, who had apparently requested a contribution for a gravestone for William Maginn, who



(Oct.): 385-408. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 23 [Nov.]: 819-32.)

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had died in 1842, Thackeray says: "I lent Maginn 500£ in his life time and he paid me 20£ back. I think I have done enough in giving him bread—let other philanthropists give him a stone." [Ray 4: 252]

January "Philip [Chaps. XXVII-XXVIII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (Jan.): 1-24. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 24 [Feb.]: 379-92.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XVIII. On Lett's Diary." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (Jan.): 12228. Writing to George Smith, Thackeray asks him: "Will you have the Wolves & the Lamb printed for us? The girls are wild to act it." The printing was done to save the trouble of copying. [Harden 2: 1074, 1077] February "Philip [Chaps. XXIX-XXX]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (Feb.): 129-52. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 24 [Mar.]: 522-35.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XIX. On Half A Loaf. A Letter to Messrs. Broadway, Battery & Co., of New York, Bankers." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (Feb.): 250-56. 8 (Sat)

The first rehearsal of The Wolves and the Lamb takes place. [Ray 6: 396, 496]

March "Philip [Chaps. XXXI-XXXII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (Mar.): 257-80. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 24 [Apr.]: 684-96.) 4 (Tue)

Writing to George Smith after having had a conversation with him about the subject of the letter,



1862

348


6

Writing to George Smith after a further conversation, Thackeray encloses his letter of the 4th, reaffirms his decision, and asks Smith for his continuing friendship. [Ray 4: 257]

24, 25

Two performances of The Wolves and the Lamb given at 2 Palace Green. [Ray 6: 396]

25

In a printed letter of this date addressed to Contributors and Correspondents of The Cornhill Magazine that was laid into copies of the April 1862 number, Thackeray announces his retirement as editor, but also his intention to continue as a contributor. [Ray 4: 258-60]

31

Thackeray, his daughters, and Amy Crowe move into 2 Palace Green. [Ray 6: 397]

are

"Philip [Chaps. XXXIII-XXXIV]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. 5 (Apr.): 385-408. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 24 [May]: 823-35.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XX. The Notch on the Axe.—A Story a la Mode. Part I." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (Apr.): 508-12. Writing to Dr. John Brown, Thackeray tells him that he and Smith "part perfectly good friends. He is most generous about money matters. I know I was a bad Editor and o what a comfort it is to be Editor no more." [Harden 2: 1085] 21 (Mon)

Thackeray arrives in Paris, having travelled alone. [Ray 4: 261]

May "Philip [Chaps. XXXV-XXXVI]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker], The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (May): 513-36. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 25 [June]: 99-112.)



Thackeray regretfully announces his decision to withdraw as editor of the Cornhill. [Ray 4: 256]

1811-63

349

1 (Thu)

Thackeray has returned to London. [Harden 2: 1088]

6?-9

Writing to the Baxters, Thackeray expresses sympathy with "that grief wh. I know must be in your house: what to say or to do? . . . loyal Northerns . . . with the daughter and grandchildren in the S o u t h . . . . I know & feel that trying times are come on you all"—economic as well as emotional—and he offers them a loan of £500 if they need it. He speaks of being "constantly ill," but of finding solace in his new home: "there is an old green and an old palace and magnificent trees before the windows at wh. I write. I have the most delightful study, bedroom, and so forth; can get 10£ for as much writing as there is on these 4 little sides." [Ray 4: 263-64] Writing to George Smith, Thackeray expresses his regret for the lateness of his manuscript for the June installment of Philip. "I began early enough at Paris where I was forced to go and fell ill—came home & fell ill again and after these attacks cant write for 2 days forget the sentence I put down on paper grow awfully nervous." As a further complication, their employee, Mr. Chester, "was misled about computing the MS. I thought all was done when I went down to the printing office yesterdayf.] My stars what a state I was in when I found there were 3 pages wanting!" Somehow he provided them, and now, at 7AM the next morning, vows to "go to work on July as soon as I have had a cup of tea." [Harden 2: 1091]

June "Philip [Chaps. XXXVII-XXXVIII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (June): 641-64. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 25 [July]: 237-49.) "Roundabout Papers.—No. XXII. The Notch on the Axe.— A Story a la Mode. Part III." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (June): 754-60.



"Roundabout Papers.—No. XXI. The Notch on the Axe.—A Story a la Mode. Part II." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 5 (May): 634-40.


2 (Mon)

"Mr. Leech's Sketches in Oil." The Times, 2 June, p. 5.

16

Writing to an employee of Smith, Elder, Thackeray asks that "the proof of the last chapter" be sent to him. [Harden 2: 1095]

July "Philip [Chaps. XXXIX-XL]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 6 (July): 121-44. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 25 [Aug.]: 404-16.) 1 (Tue)

Writing to George Smith regarding book publication of Philip, Thackeray says: "I think 'Philip' tout court is better than the Adventures of &c and that a running title on every other page as in Esmond will give a little freshness to the reprint. I shall have done D. V. to day or tomorrow." After a pause, he expresses the gratitude he feels: "Sitting in this beautiful room, surrounded by ease and comfort and finishing the story, I stop writing for a minute or two, with rather a full heart." Finally, he asks that Smith sit for a portrait by Samuel Laurence: "I should like to hang it here." [Harden 2: 1096]

5

Writing to his mother, Thackeray tells her: "On Thursday [the 3rd] at 6.15 p.m after working all day I wrote Finis to Philip: rather a lame ending. Yesterday I spent all day in great delectation & rest of mind." Expressing gratitude for "all the blessings of this life," he says: "Think of the beginning of the story of the Little Sister in the Shabby genteel Story twenty years ago, and the wife crazy, and the Publisher refusing me 15£ who owes me £13.. 10 and the Times to wh. I apply for a little more than 5 guineas for a weeks work, refusing to give me more—and all that moneydifficulty ended—God be praised—and an old gentleman sitting in a fine house, like the hero at the end of a Story!—The actual increase of health and comfort since we got into the Palazzo is quite curious—I am certainly much better in body." [Harden 2: 1096]

21

The Adventures of Philip published by Smith, Elder.

in three volumes is



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August

"Roundabout Papers.—No. XXIII. De Finibus." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 6 (Aug.): 282-88. September "Roundabout Papers—No. XXIV. On a Peal of Bells." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 6 (Sept): 425-32. 10 (Wed)

The death of Sally Baxter Hampton from tuberculosis [Ray 6: 319]. Henry Adams, in The Education, tells of unexpectedly meeting Thackeray, who "spoke of his— and Adams's—friend, Mrs. Frank Hampton, of South Carolina, whom he had loved as Sally Baxter and painted as Ethel Newcome." Thackeray referred to the refusal of the Confederates to allow her family to cross the lines and visit her shortly before her death, and Adams commented how, "In speaking of it, Thackeray's voice trembled and his eyes filled with tears." [Adams 131]

November "Roundabout Papers.—No. XXV. On a Pear Tree." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 6 (Nov.): 71520. December "Roundabout Papers.—No. XXVI. Dessein's." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 6 (Dec): 771-79. 6 (Sat)

Amy Crowe, who has lived in Thackeray's household as a companion to his daughters since September 1854, marries Edward Thackeray. [Ray 6: 401]

25

Writing to the Baxters, Thackeray tells them: "The sad letter has been here for many days[.] I had the news before from Mr. John Dillon, who has friends in the South[.] I have not had the courage to write to you about it. I know there's no consolation. I lost a child myself



"Philip [Chaps. XLI-XLII]." With two illustrations [and one by Frederick Walker]. The Cornhill Magazine, 6 (Aug.): 217-40. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 25 [Sept.]: 533-45.)

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology once. That journey of Lucy and her father is the saddest thing I have read of for many a long day. I look at Sarah's face in the photograph book and then at a print wh. I have had for many years because it was like her when I first saw her. . . . What a bright creature! What a laugh, a life, a happiness! And it is all gone: and you dear people sit bewailing your darling. . . . God bless you all." [Harden 2: 1106-08] 1863

January "Roundabout Papers.-No. XXVII. On Some Carp at Sans Souci." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 7 (Jan.): 126-31. February "Roundabout Papers.—No. XXVIII. Autour de mon Chapeau." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 7 (Feb.): 260-67. "On Alexandrines. A Letter to Some Country Cousins." With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 7 (Apr.): 546-52. 6 (Mon)-13

Thackeray and his daughters are guests of Richard Monckton Milnes at Fryston Hall, Yorkshire, where they meet Swinburne. [Ray 4: 285, 410]

25

Thackeray speaks at the Shakespeare dinner of "Our Club." [Ray 4: 410]

May 15 (Fri)

"Cruikshank's Gallery." The Times, 15 May, p. 6. Thackeray begins Denis Duval. [Ray 4: 287]

June 7(Sun)

Writing to Sir Henry Holland, Thackeray says: "For three weeks I have been in labour myself, undergoing throes of most painful gestation; at such times I dont attend to any business of life, forget letters, invitations, kindnesses; skulk away from my family,



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July 1 (Wed)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray tells him that "Number 1 of Denis Duval is done, and part of No 2." [Harden 2:1122]

29

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray asks for proofs of "a complete No 2." [Harden 2: 1123]

August "On a Medal of George the Fourth." The Cornhill Magazine, 8 (Aug.): 250-56. 16 (Sun)

Thackeray leaves London for Dover, Calais, Brussels, Namur, Dinant, Rheims, and Paris, travelling alone. [Ray 4: 413-14]

28


September 23 (Wed) Writing to Dr. John Brown, with whom Harriet is staying, Thackeray speaks of having "led such a happy life" with her and her sister, and asks that after a month she be sent "back to her Papa & sister. We three get on so comfortably together, that the house is not the house, when one is away." Mentioning the expenses of the house and its contents, he alludes to Walter Scott "If I dont mistake there was a man who lived at Abbotsford overhoused himself." [Harden 2: 1126] Writing to Albany Fonblanque, Thackeray outlines the youth of Denis Duval and, "as I dont know the difference between a marlingspike and a binnacle I must get information from somebody as does," he asks Fonblanque for some suggestions "about sailing smuggling & so forth—how we went out at night what we did how we came back." [Harden 2: 1127-28] October 7 (Wed)

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray tells him that he has begun Number 4. [Harden 2: 1128]



(bearing my uncomfortable burden about with me) and this goes on until my literary baby gives signs of life." [Harden 2:1120]

354

A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology/

November

December 7 (Mon) John Cordy Jeaffreson and William Hepworth Dixon of The Athenaeum persuade a majority of the National Shakespeare Tercentenary Celebration Committee, which they have organized, to reject a proposal to have Thackeray appointed a Vice-President—although Bulwer-Lytton, Dickens, and Tennyson have been so honored. [Ray 6:407] 17

Writing to George Smith, Thackeray speaks of being "in bed, and have been so for 4 days past (with the exception of yesterday for a few hours) with an instrument of torture inserted in my urethra. . . . I was just going to be taken prisoner by Paul Jones when I had to come to bed. If I could get a month's ease I could finish the eight numbers handsomely with the marriage of Denis and Agnes after the capture of Toulon by the English." [Harden 2: 1135]

24

The death of Thackeray is discovered and is diagnosed as having apparently occurred between 2 and 3AM from a "cerebral effusion" following 10 days of disordered digestion and 24 hours of vomiting. [Ray 6: 416]

30

Thackeray is buried in the cemetery of All Souls', Kensal Green, near the grave of his daughter, Jane. [Ray 6: 417] 1864

March "Denis Duval [Chaps. Mil]." [With two illustrations by Frederick Walker.] The Cornhill Magazine, 9 (Mar.): 257-91. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 28 [Apr.]: 67592.)

"Denis Duval [Chaps. IV-V]." [With two illustrations by Frederick Walker.] The Cornhill Magazine, 9 (Apr.): 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


"'Strange to Say, on Club Paper.'" With an illustration. The Cornhill Magazine, 8 (Nov.): 636-40.

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385-409. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 28 [May]: 81528.) "Denis Duval [Chaps. VI-VII]." [With two illustrations by Frederick Walker.] The Cornhill Magazine, 9 (May): 513-36. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 29 [June]: 21326.) June "Denis Duval [Chap. VIII]." [With two illustrations by Frederick Walker and a "Note by the Editor."] The Cornhill Magazine, 9 (June): 641-65. (Also in Harper's Magazine, 29 Duly]: 358-71.)



May

Thackeray was friendly with so vastly many people, from Prime Ministers to needy pensioners, that a listing such as this must inevitably be very limited, focusing on close friends and literary associates. ALLEN, John (1810-86), clergyman, ultimately Archdeacon, became friends with Thackeray at Cambridge, where they were members of a debating society. Later they associated in London, especially as Great Coram St. neighbors. Allen may well have been a model for Dobbin because of his fundamental goodness, innocence, and integrity. Thackeray referred to him as "a perfect Saint," but understood the limitations of sainthood. ASHBURTON, Lord and Lady [William Bingham Baring (17991864), 2nd Lord, and the former Lady Harriet Mary Montagu (1805-57)]. Married in 1823, they lived and entertained in Bath House, Piccadilly, and The Grange, Alresford, Hampshire. They were warm hosts to Thackeray, and were notably kind in arranging a reconciliation with W. H. Brookfield, as a result of which Thackeray dedicated Esmond to Lord Ashburton, and implicitly to her as well. BAXTER, Mr. and Mrs. George, together with their daughters Sally (1833-61) [later Mrs. Frank Hampton] and Lucy (b. 1836), two sons, Wyllys and George, and Mrs. Baxter's niece, Libby Strong, were Thackeray's closest friends in America. He was especially fond of Mrs. Baxter, whom he called Lady Castlewood, and of Sally, who inspired the creation of Ethel Newcome. As Lucy Baxter was to write in an introduction to a volume of Thackeray's letters to the Baxters, "from the first visit to the 'Brown House,' as he later always called it, he evidently felt at home among us. . . . He came to us whenever he could, with perfect freedom and informality. He 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


A Thackeray Who f s Who

357

begged to dine with us before the lectures. . . . He became greatly attached to my mother, whose quiet sympathy soothed him, and his place at her right hand, with the claret-pitcher ready for him, was an established arrangement before a lecture. . . . His purse was constantly at the service of his friends, or often mere acquaintances, much to his own pecuniary detriment, and his glasses were dimmed when he spoke of the sorrows which day after day came to his knowledge" [Baxter 3-4, 11]. The friendship of the Baxters also extended to Thackeray's mother and daughters. BEDINGFIELD, Richard (dates unknown), a cousin who beame a writer, and to whom Thackeray gave professional advice and encouragement. He published recollections of Thackeray for Cassell's Magazine (1870). Mentioning Thackeray's regard for people with "a natural and an easy manner," Bedingfield remarks that calling someone "natural" was "the highest compliment that he could utter. . . . He almost always felt disposed to ridicule anything pretentious"—like Carlyle. Speaking of Thackeray as a "patient, industrious, true worker," he relates that when Thackeray "found that his pen would not serve him well, he informed me that he was in the habit of sketching those little illustrations which we find in his books. 'They are a great relief to my mind,' he said; 'I can always do them.' . . . Few men, indeed, could wield pen and pencil as he did." [Bedingfield 12-13, 29, 134-35] BLACKWOOD, John (1818-79), publisher, who met Thackeray In 1839 when he was in London serving as a representative of the Blackwood firm. He returned to Scotland on becoming editor of Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine in 1845, and was a generous host when Thackeray visited Edinburgh to lecture, notably in late 1856, when Thackeray stayed with him and his wife, Julia, for the better part of two months. BLANCHARD, Laman (1804-45), journalist. When the Constitutional was established in 1836, Blanchard was appointed editor and Thackeray its Paris correspondent. Later (1841-45) he worked with The Examiner. Thackeray wrote a warm memorial tribute, "A Brother of the Press on the History of Literary Men, Laman Blanchard, and the Chances of the Literary Profession," which appeared in the March 1846 issue of Fraser's Magazine. BOWES, John Bowes (1811-85), who became friends with Thackeray at Cambridge, associated with him in Paris, and




358


BOYES, John Frederick (1811-79), a friend from Charterhouse days. After graduating from Oxford he became a classical scholar and headmaster of Walthamstowe School. He had a wide circle of friends attracted by the range of his literary knowledge. Boyes later published "A Memorial of Thackeray's School-Days" in the January 1865 issue of The Cornhill Magazine. BRADBURY AND EVANS, a publishing firm conducted by William Bradbury (dates unknown) and Frederick Mullett Evans (d. 1870). They published Punch, Vanity Fair, The Book of Snobs, Pendennis, The Great Hoggarty Diamond, The Newcomes, Miscellanies, and The Virginians. BRONTE, Charlotte (1816-55) [later Mrs. Arthur Nicholls], whose Jane Eyre, published in 1847 by George Smith during the serial run of Vanity Fair, attracted Thackeray's enthusiastic response. She, in turn, greatly admired his writings and dedicated the second edition of Jane Eyre to him, which he called the greatest compliment he had ever received. His memorial tribute, "The Last Sketch," was published in the April 1860 Cornhill [Works 17: 373-76]. BROOKFIELD, the Rev. William H. (1809-74) and his wife, the former Jane Octavia Elton (1821-96), were intimate friends of Thackeray, but ultimately they became estranged. Thackeray and Brookfield formed a friendship at Cambridge, but Brookfield's ecclesiastical postings kept him out of London until 1842, when he and his wife took up residence there. Thackeray greatly enjoyed Brookfield's company and gradually became closer and closer to Jane, whom he increasingly visited and to whom he wrote. Brookfield's sense of the loss of closeness to his wife, and his resentment of his wife's increasing fondness for Thackeray's company, and of Thackeray's need for frequent visits to her, prompted an outburst of criticism of them both in September 1851, to which Thackeray responded with similarly forceful language. The result was a decided separation from Thackeray. In spite of efforts by the Ashburtons and others, Brookfield remained aggrieved and Jane distant. Thackeray and Brookfield



subsidized the publication of Flore et Zephyr. In 1841, when Bowes was standing for Parliament as a Whig, Thackeray visited him at Streatham Castle, Durham, and learned about a family ancestor, Andrew Robinson Stoney Bowes, who inspired the creation of Barry Lyndon.


359

BROWN, Dr. John (1810-82), helped to organize a tribute from a group of fellow Edinburgh admirers of Thackeray's work: an inscribed silver statuette of Punch sent to him in May 1849. Brown and Thackeray became close friends, especially after Thackeray's visit to Edinburgh while delivering lectures in December 1851, when Brown was a warm host. Brown spoke of him as a man who "makes no figure in company, except as very goodhumoured, and by saying now and then a quietly strong thing," and liked him for being "so natural and unforced in his ways and talk" [Brown 2: 51-52]. Brown later recalled walking with Thackeray and another friend outside Edinburgh on an evening with a beautiful sunset, and seeing a wooden crane silhouetted against the sky, "so placed as to assume the figure of a cross; there it was, unmistakable, lifted up against the crystalline sky. All three gazed at it silently. As they gazed, he gave utterance in a tremulous, gentle, and rapid voice, to what all were feeling, in the word 'CALVARY!' . . . All that evening he was very gentle and serious, speaking, as he seldom did, of divine things,—of death, of sin, of eternity, of salvation; expressing his simple faith in God and in his Saviour" [Brown 1: 263]. Brown published a lengthy appreciation of Thackeray and his works in the February 1864 issue of The North British Review. BROWNING, Robert (1812-89). Thackeray became acquainted with him and his wife, the former Elizabeth Barrett (1806-61), in London, but especially during a visit to Rome with his daughters in December 1853-February 1854, when Browning helped them find a place to stay—above a pastry-cook's shop, to the delight of the girls. During the winter, Thackeray and his daughters became good friends with the Brownings and their son, Pen. Later, after agreeing to be editor of the Cornhill, Thackeray requested poems from them. Browning said that a poem of his would probably embarrass a magazine editor, but promised that his wife would try to send something appropriate. After contributing "A Musical Instrument" to the July 1860 issue of the magazine, and "A Forced Recruit at Solferino" to the October 1860 issue, she sent Thackeray "Lord Walter's Wife." He replied with respect and regards, but declined the poem with great embarrassment because he felt its articulation of a man's passion for a married woman would produce an outcry from readers. With affection and good



exchanged minor civilities thereafter, but the basic alienation persisted.

360


humor she accepted his decision, and sent him "Little Mattie," which appeared in the June 1861 Cornhill.

BULLER, Charles [Jr.] (1806-48), had been tutored by Carlyle, had preceded Thackeray at Trinity College, Cambridge, and soon after had begun his career as a member of the bar and as a politician. While engaged in legal studies, Thackeray became a frequent visitor of the Bullers, and often associated with Charles, whom he admired and whose success in writing for magazines Thackeray wished to emulate. Buller attracted Thackeray's support during Buller's successful 1832 election campaign for the parliamentary seat of Liskeard. A promising public figure of liberal views, he died tragically early. BULWER, Sir Edward George Earle Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton, was the author of what Thackeray saw as pompous writings, full of eloquent clap-trap. His parade of learning and his artificial style prompted Thackeray's mockery in "Mr. Yellowplush's Ajew" and "Epistles to the Literati. No. XIII" in Fraser's Magazine, and in "George de Barnwell," one of "Punch's Prize Novels." Thackeray liked him personally, however, as Bedingfield testifies: "I have heard him express much admiration of Lord Lytton, saying, 'He is a splendid fellow;' though he objected to his pedantry and affectation." [Bedingfield 14] CARLYLE, Thomas (1795-1891), memorably spoke of Thackeray in August 1837, after Thackeray had admiringly reviewed The French Revolution in The Times, as "writing for his life in London" [Carlyle 86]. Thackeray also wrote supportively in Fraser's Magazine of Carlyle in 1840, when Carlyle exposed the falsity of French accounts of the sinking of the Vengeur by the British in 1794. In a private letter of that year Thackeray warmly praised the nobility of Carlyle's Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, especially in their freedom from party politics, and expressed his admiration for Carlyle's leadership in the endeavor to liberate the critical appreciation of art from imposed ideological obsessions. Exposure of human folly was a shared instinct. They continued as friends until 1846, when Carlyle mocked Thackeray's acceptance of free passage to the Near East on a Peninsular and Oriental steamship, but were gradually



BULLER, Charles [Sr.] (1774-1848), and his wife Barbara (d. 1849), were friends of Thackeray's parents in India and of his in London.

361

reconciled by Carlyle's wife, the former Jane Welsh (1801-66), of whom Thackeray was very fond, and who was a kind hostess to Thackeray's daughters. He said of the Carlyles in 1840: "pleasanter more high-minded people I don't know" [Ray 1; 413]. After encountering Thackeray riding in Hyde Park a few days before his death, Carlyle recalled receiving "a shower of salutations," and spoke of the "beautiful vein of genius struggling about in him. Nobody in our day wrote, I should say, with such perfection of style." [Reid 2: 113] CARMICHAEL, Col. Charles (1790-1870), was the younger brother of Thackeray's step-father. In 1841 he married the much younger Mary "Polly" Graham (1815-71), Thackeray's cousin, but the difference in age became more and more of a barrier, and her increasing distance from her husband and the growing admiration from other men prompted changes in her attitude and behavior that alienated Thackeray, prompting him to term her "Beckyfied." CARMICHAEL-SMYTH, Maj. Henry (1780-1861) and his wife, the former Anne Becher Thackeray (1792-1864). See "Ancestry and Family." CHAPMAN, Edward (1804-80), a partner of Chapman and Hall, published Thackeray's articles in The Foreign Quarterly Review, as well as The Irish Sketch-Book, Cornhill to Grand Cairo, Mrs. Perkins's Ball, Our Street, Dr. Birch, and Rebecca and Rowena COLE, Sir Henry (1808-82), asked Thackeray to provide two illustrations for The Anti-Corn-Law Circular in 1839. He was a member of the Executive Committee of the Great Exhibition of 1851, and Secretary of the School of Design in South Kensington. At Thackeray's request, Cole encouraged a young art student, Godfrey Sykes, to design an illustration for the cover of the Cornhill, one that Thackeray enthusiastically accepted. The Coles were close friends of Thackeray and his daughters, and Cole was an advisor to the Thackeray girls after their father's death. CROWE, Eyre Evans [Sr.] (1799-1868), in 1830 became Paris Correspondent for The Morning Chronicle. There he and his wife, the former Margaret Archer (d. 1853), warmly entertained Thackeray. Removing to England in 1843-44, he helped Thackeray to become a reviewer for the Chronicle. In 1846 he joined the staff of the newly-established Daily News, and became editor in 1849, but lost his job in 1851 and had to return to France. 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden



362


CROWE, Eyre Evans [Jr.] (b. 1824), was the artist son of his journalist father. He accompanied Thackeray on the first trip to America as his secretary. He was a genial companion but not altogether orderly in making arrangements. He later wrote With Thackeray in America (1893), and Thackeray's Haunts and Homes (1897), both illustrated with his own drawings. CRUIKSHANK, George (1792-1878), artist, whose comic drawings greatly attracted Thackeray at school and thereafter. Thackeray wrote an essay on the works of George Cruikshank (1840), as well as "Cruikshank's Gallery" (1863), and also contributed prose works to Cruikshank's Comic Almanac for 1839 and 1840, George Cruikshank's Omnibus (1841), and George Cruikshank's TableBook (1845). CUNNINGHAM, Hugh (dates unknown), published Comic Tales and Sketches and The Second Funeral of Napoleon. DICKENS, Charles (1812-70). Thackeray was a great admirer of Dickens's genius, but regretted Dickens's withdrawal of friendship on various occasions, as public recognition of Thackeray's achievements grew. Thackeray also felt alienated by Dickens's tendency to side with hostile attitudes towards him personally, like those of John Forster and especially Edmund Yates. Thackeray nevertheless expressed a feeling of reconciliation towards Dickens during an unexpected encounter shortly before Thackeray's death, and Dickens wrote a memorial tribute for the February 1864 issue of the Cornhill. DOYLE, Richard (1824-83), artist and Punch colleague, 1843-50, who designed the magazine's cover and regularly contributed drawings to it, illustrated Thackeray's Rebecca and Rowena and The Newcomes. He also contributed a series of 16 comical drawings, "Bird's-Eye Views of Society," to the Cornhill between April 1861 and October 1862. ELLIOT, Thomas Frederick (1808-80), government administrator. His wife, the former Jane Perry (d. 1859), and his sister-in-law, Kate Perry (dates unknown), were two of Thackeray's closest 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


Thackeray gave his son, Eyre Jr., employment in 1851, helped Crowe to secure a position with The Illustrated London News in 1853, and took his daughter, Amy, into his house in 1854 as companion to his daughters.


363

ELWIN, the Rev. Whitwell (1816-1900), after attending Cambridge, became a country rector in Norfolk. He was also a contributor to The Quarterly Review, becoming editor in 1853 and making quarterly trips to London at publication time. A great admirer of Thackeray's, he invited him to contribute an article on John Leech, which appeared in the December 1854 issue of the Quarterly, after which their friendship developed greatly. FIELDS, James Thomas (1817-81), was a partner in the Boston publishing firm of Ticknor, Reed, and Fields. Meeting Thackeray in London during 1852, Fields urged him to deliver his lectures in America, not just in England and Scotland. Fields was his chief host in Boston and helped in making American lecture arrangements. He also published an edition of Thackeray's Ballads. FITZGERALD, Edward (1809-83), translator of The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, was Thackeray's oldest and warmest friend, beginning at Cambridge and lasting till his death. They associated closely for over twenty years and then continued their friendship, even though FitzGerald became more and more withdrawn from the world. Anne Thackeray Ritchie wrote: "In reading over the two published volumes of the 'FitzGerald Letters,' I am not surprised to find how constantly my father's name appears in them, for I know how Mr. FitzGerald's name was always an integral part of our home life, though we so rarely saw h i m . . . . In the autumn of 1863 some impulse one day made me ask my father which of his old friends he cared for m o s t . . . . He paused a moment, then he said in a gentle sort of way, that of all his friends he had best loved 'Old Fitz'" [Bio. Works 9: xliv]. Before leaving on his first trip to America, Thackeray asked FitzGerald to be his literary executor in case he met with a fatal acident at sea. Writing on 7 January 1864 to the artist, Samuel Laurence, about a portrait of Thackeray, FitzGerald said: "I keep reading his Newcomes of nights, and as it were hearing him saying so much in it; and it seems to me as if he might be coming up my Stairs, and about to come (singing) into my Room, as in old Charlotte Street, etc., thirty years ago." He later told Anne that Laurence had done for him a full-size oil copy of his last chalk portrait of Thackeray [FitzGerald 2: 504-05, 522-23].



friends, and were close friends of the Brookfields. After his separation from the Brookfields in 1851, they became his chief means of communication with Jane.


FORSTER, John (1812-76), journalist, was literary critic for The Examiner. Arrogant, irascible, and overbearing, he was also an intermittent friend. Thackeray was always grateful to him for bringing Dr. John Elliotson to his bedside during his severe illness of 1849. Forster's repeated private and public criticism of him and his writings, however, seemed unjust and inappropriate, and their series of reconciliations ended with the Garrick Club affair of 1858, when Forster sided with Dickens and Edmund Yates. HIGGINS, Matthew James (1810-68), journalist friend, met Thackeray when they were contributors to The New Monthly Magazine in 1845. His tale, "Jacob Omnium, M.P.. The Merchant Prince," prompted Thackeray's Bow Street ballad, "Jacob Omnium's Hoss." In 1850 Higgins offered Thackeray financial support: "If, says he, you are tired & want to lie fallow for a year come to me for the money" [Ray 2: 654-55]. Thackeray was grateful but did not accept the offer. Higgins later contributed three letters of "Paterfamilias to the Editor of 'The Cornhill Magazine'" for the May 1860, December 1860, and March 1861 issues. Thackeray dedicated Philip to Higgins, "in grateful remembrance of old friendship and kindness." HOUGHTON, Richard Monckton Milnes (1809-85), 1st Baron, was a friend from Cambridge days and a frequent host, both in London and at his estate, Fryston Hall, in Yorkshire. He contributed the poems, "Unspoken Dialogue" and "Stangers Yet!", to the February and April 1860 issues of the Cornhill, and a memorial tribute to the February 1864 issue of the magazine. KEMBLE, John Mitchell (1807-57), was a philologist and journalist. Thackeray's friendship with him began in 1829 at Cambridge, and continued after Thackeray's return from Weimar in 1831, and from Paris in 1837. Thackeray published several articles in The British and Foreign Review, of which Kemble was editor from 1835 until 1844. He greatly admired Kemble's sister, the actress, Fanny Kemble (1809-93), but was especially fond of another sister, the singer, Adelaide Kemble (18147-79). LEECH, John (1817-64), artist and Punch colleague, joined the magazine shortly after its founding, and was a major pictorial contributor. He was a friend from Charterhouse days. Thackeray wrote appreciatively about him in the December 1854 issue of The Quarterly Review and in the 21 June 1862 issue of The Times. 10.1057/9780230598577 - A William Makepeace Thackeray Chronology, Edgar F. Harden


364

365

LEIGH, Percival (1813-89), was a lasting Punch contributor from its early days. He was often allied with Leech, Doyle, and Thackeray during discussions at the weekly Punch dinners. He was noted for contributing "Ye Manners and Customs of ye Englyshe" and "Mr. Pips hys Diary," both illustrated by Richard Doyle. Leigh oversaw publication of The Newcomes during Thackeray's absence in Italy. LETTSOM, William Garrow (1804-87), diplomat, was a friend from Cambridge days who was associated with Thackeray on The Snob, and who was a fellow resident in Weimar. LEVER, Charles (1806-72), an Irish novelist, befriended Thackeray during Thackeray's tour to gather material for The Irish Sketch Book, which is dedicated to him. When Thackeray published "A Box of Novels" in the February 1844 issue of Fraser's Magazine, however, Lever took offense at Thackeray's even-tempered remarks about his fiction. He angrily responded to Thackeray's parody of his style, "Phil Fogarty," in "Punch's Prize Novelists," and caricatured Thackeray as Elias Howie in Roland Cashel, but became reconciled with him in the mid-1850s, and contributed a piece to the December 1860 Cornhill. MACLISE, Daniel (1806-70), a painter, had established his reputation with a series of eighty engraved portraits that appeared in Fraser's Magazine (1830-38), including "The Fraserians" of January 1835, that depicted Thackeray among his magazine colleagues. His friendly association with Thackeray continued for many years. MAGINN, William (1793-1842), was a journalist. After graduating from Trinity College, Dublin, he taught and then began to contribute to Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine and The Literary Gazette. Four years after receiving an LL. D. from Trinity, Dr. Maginn moved to London and achieved considerable success in his journalistic career as a learned, witty, and forceful writer. In 1830 he participated in the founding of Fraser's Magazine and became one of its leading writers. He significantly helped introduce Thackeray into the world of journalism, beginning in 1832, when they often associated. After Thackeray returned to London following the collapse of The Constitutional, he began his own contributions to Fraser's Magazine with the December 1837 issue, working closely with Maginn over the next few years. Maginn inspired the creation of Captain Shandon in Pendennis.





MAHONY, Francis Sylvester (1804-66), "Father Prout," was a journalist. He had been a Catholic priest, but turned to periodical writing, notably "Reliques of Father Prout," which had appeared in Fraser's Magazine (1834-36), and in two volumes (1836) illustrated by Maclise, which had established his reputation for learning and wit. He lived in Paris after 1848, where Thackeray visited him. When Thackeray became editor of the Cornhill, Mahony contributed "Father Prout's Inaugurative Ode to the Author of 'Vanity Fair'" to the first issue. MARVY, Louis (1815-50), was a French etcher, whom Thackeray met in Paris during 1841, whose cheerful engagement in work and acceptance of extreme poverty prompted Thackeray's admiration. In 1848 political conditions forced him into exile in London, where Thackeray arranged for David Bogue to publish Marvy's volume, Sketches After English Landscape Painters, and took Marvy into his home during the winter of 1848-49. MITCHELL, John (1806-74), was a bookseller, publisher, librarian, and a theatrical and musical agent. He published Flore et Zephyr, and was London manager for Thackeray's first series of lectures in that city. PROCTER, Bryan Waller (1787-1874), was an attorney and poet who wrote under the name of "Barry Cornwall," and contributed many poems to The Literary Gazette. Thackeray dedicated Vanity Fair to him. His wife, the former Anne Skepper (1799-1888), was a prominent hostess for literary figures in London, from the Romantics to writers like Henry James, but in mid-century to Carlyle, Dickens, Milnes, Forster, and Thackeray, aitnong others. REED, William Bradford (1806-76), lawyer, politician, and author, was probably Thackeray's closest friend in Philadelphia and warm host. He wrote a memorial essay on Thackeray, Haud Immemor (1864). SMITH, George (1824-1901), was proprietor of Smith, Elder, and Company, who published The Kickleburys on the Rhine, Esmond, The English Humourists, and The Rose and the Ring before founding The Cornhill Magazine, making Thackeray its first editor, and having Thackeray publish exclusively with him thereafter. He generously bought Thackeray's copyrights from his daughters and served as their advisor. Later he established and published The Dictionary of National Biography.



366


367

STANLEY, Lord and Lady [Edward Stanley (1802-69), 2nd Baron, and the former Henrietta Dillon-Lee (1808-96)]. Married in 1826, they lived on Grosvenor Crescent, London, and Alderley Park, Cheshire, and were warm hosts to Thackeray, especially Lady Stanley. STERUNG, Edward (1773-1847), a journalist on the staff of The Times since 1812, was a warm host to Thackeray and his wife, and helped Thackeray to become a book reviewer for The Times, 183840. TENNYSON, Alfred (1809-92), was an old Cambridge friend whom Thackeray later characterized as "a growler but a man of genius," who has "the cachet of a great man. His conversation is often delightful, . . . full of breadth, manliness, and humour: he reads all sorts of things, swallows them and digests them like a great poetical boa-constrictor as he is" (Ray 2: 26, 57). When Tennyson lived near London, intermittently between 1837 and 1853, before he moved to the Isle of Wight, he saw a good deal of Thackeray and other Cambridge friends. After becoming editor of the Cornhill, Thackeray wrote to Tennyson expressing passionate admiration for Idylls of the King, and requesting a poem for the magazine. Tennyson replied with "Tithonus," which appeared in the February 1860 issue. Soon after Thackeray's death, Tennyson and his wife went to London to express their sympathy to Thackeray's daughters. The connection with Anne, especially, actively persisted for years. TROLLOPE, Anthony (1815-82). Shortly after meeting him, and expressing admiration for his writings, Thackeray asked that he write a novel for the Cornhill. The result was Framley Parsonage, to which Thackeray gave the place of honor as the first work in the opening issue (January 1860), and which achieved great popularity. Thackeray became a good friend, and Trollope wrote a memorial article for him in the February 1864 issue of the Cornhill, and in 1879 published a book on him as part of the English Men of Letters series.



SPEDDING, James (1808-81), was a friend from Cambridge days, extending into London as well. Having an independent income, he devoted himself to the study of Francis Bacon, producing with two fellow scholars a definitive edition of the Works in 14 volumes (1857-74), which include The Letters and The Life in 7 volumes by Spedding himself.


VENABLES, George Stovin (1810-88), was a fellow Charterhouse pupil who broke Thackeray's nose during a fist-fight in 1822, an event which apparently prompted Thackeray to chose the pseudonym of "Michaelangelo Titmarsh." Later he was a close friend who seems to have been the inspriration for George Warrington in Pendennis. He became a lawyer and journalist, regularly contributing articles to The Saturday Review, and an annual chronicle of the year's events to The Times.



368

Adams, Henry Education, 351 Addison, Charles G., Damascus and Palmyra, 44 Addison, Joseph, 217, 223, 255, 287, 289, 307 Administrative Reform Assn., 293 Adolphus, John Leycester, 158 Ainsworth, William Harrison, 36, 47, 50, 75, 89, 144, 193 Crichton, 36 Jack Sheppard, 47 Ainsworth's Magazine, 72, 74, 83 Air lie, Lady (nee Henrietta Stanley), 235 Alexander, Miss, 148 Allen, John, 16, 50, 138, 356 Andersen, Hans Christian, 135 Anne I, 323, 337, 341 Anti-Corn-Law Circular, 361 Appleton, D., 238, 251-52, 254, 267, 278 Appleton, William Henry, 252, 265 Arabian Nights' Entertainments, 56, 333 Aretz, M., 55 Arthur, Mr., 10 Arthur, Mrs., 10-11 Ashburton, William Baring, 2nd Baron, 222, 248-49, 287, 356, 358 Ashburton, Lady (nee Harriet Montagu), 1st wife of 2nd Baron, 231,248,287,356, 358

Aston, Sir George, 155 Athenaeum, 56, 84, 233, 252, 354 Athenaeum Club, 200-01, 217, 233, 285 Aytoun, William Edmondstoune, 134-35, 213 Bakewell, Mrs., 117, 187 Ballard, Mr., 285 Bancroft, George, 251 Bancroft, Mrs. George, 265 Barnes, Thomas, 52 Barnum, Phineas Taylor, 254, 316 Barrow, John, The Exquisites, 49 Bathe, Sir William de, 332 Baxter, George, Sr., 255, 265, 351-52, 356 Baxter, George, Sr., family, 265-67, 295-96, 299, 314, 320-21, 327,341, 349, 351, 356 Baxter, Mrs. George, 255, 259, 263, 266, 274-75, 294, 296,301,308,311,324, 333, 343, 356 Baxter, Lucy, 261-62, 264, 269, 351-52, 356 Baxter, Sally, see Hampton, Mrs. Frank Baxter, Wyllys, 343, 356 Bayne, Mrs. William, 264 Beale, Thomas, 316 Beauvoir, Roger de, 193 Becher, Charles, 10 Becher, Henry, 302



Index

Index

Becher, Capt. John, 3-4 Becher, Mrs. John (nee Anne Fleyeham), 3-4 Becher, John Harman, 3, 7 Becher, Mrs. John Harman (nee Harriet Cowper), 4, 7-8 Bedingfield, Richard, 90, 96, 110,357 Miser's Son, 90 "Recollections of Thackeray," 357 Beecher, Henry Ward, 297 Beethoven, Ludwig van Fidelio, 19 Schlacht bei Vittoria 19 Bell, George, 105 Bell, Robert, 165 Bellini, Vincenzo Pirata, 24 Bentley, Richard, 44, 64-65, 67-68, 74, 273 Bentley's Miscellany, 39, 74 Bernard, Charles de Pied d'argile, 52 Bevan, Samuel Sand and Canvas, 198 Bevan, William, 99-100 Bible, 30, 113, 219, 245-47, 250, 264 Blackwood, John, 289, 311, 313,321,328,357 Blackwood, Mrs. John, 311, 314,317,331, 334,357 Blackwood, Robert, 51, 134-35 Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, 13, 51, 57, 337, 357, 365 Blanchard, Laman, 32, 83 Blechynden, Mrs. James (nee Sarah Redfield), 69-70 Blessington, Lady (nee Marguerite Power), 165, 167, 176, 183-84, 194, 198, 321

Bogue, David, 196, 198, 201, 366 Bolingbroke, Henry St. John, 1st Viscount, 217 Bolte, Miss, 126 Bowes, Andrew Robinson Stoney, 68, 358 Bowes, John Bowes, 32, 68, 357-58 Bowie, Henry, 311 Boyes, Benjamin, 12 Boyes, Mrs. Benjamin, 12 Boyes, John Frederick, 12, 346, 358 "A Memorial of Thackeray's School-Days," 358 Brackenridge, Henry, 261 Braddock, Gen. Edward, 322 Bradbury and Evans, 78, 92, 102, 104, 111, 134, 136, 158, 162, 168, 170, 177, 180, 183, 198, 212, 261, 267, 270, 272, 277-78, 281-82, 284, 286, 290, 297, 300-01, 309, 316, 318, 320-21, 331, 340, 358 Bradbury, Henry, 127 Bradbury, William, 170, 255, 358 British and Foreign Review, 44-46,49,51,364 British Museum, 260, 309 Brodie, Jessie, 62-63, 68 Bronte, Charlotte, 147-48, 152, 197, 206, 236-37, 243, 262, 358 Jane Eyre, 147-48, 152, 178, 197, 237, 262-63, 358 Villette, 262 Brookfield, Arthur, 272 Brookfield, Magdalen, 201 Brookfield, Rev. William Henry, 83, 137-38, 16972, 178, 182, 185-86, 188-



370

Index Butler, Mrs. Edward ("G M," nee Harriet Cowper), 3-4, 7-8, 10, 29-30, 63, 87, 140, 148-49

Calcutta Star, 81 Campbell, W. R, 241 Cardwell, Edward, 318-19 Carlyle, Thomas, 39, 42, 47, 50-51, 64, 66, 92, 96, 12829, 157, 164, 199, 222, 232, 235, 334, 357, 36061, 366 Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, 47, 360 Frederick the Great, 334 French Revolution, 360 "Repeal of the Union," 157 Carlyle, Mrs. Thomas (nee Jane Welsh), 50, 64-66, 126, 129, 222, 226, 235, 361 Carmichael, Col. Charles, 63, 65,74,77, 119, 179,338, 341, 361 Carmichael, Mrs. Charles (nee Mary Graham), 9, 11, 43, 58,61,65,74, 119, 144, 179-80, 361 Carmichael, Charles Henry Edward, 74 Carmichael-Smyth, Maj. Henry, 4, 7-8, 10-12, 18, 20, 28, 31,38,40,61-62, 70, 8889, 119, 124, 148, 159, 162, 169-70, 175, 177, 182-83, 189, 195, 206, 237-38, 242-43, 266, 282, 285, 296, 315, 320-21, 334, 337-39, 345-46, 361 Carmichael-Smyth, Mrs. Henry (the former Mrs. Richmond Makepeace Thackeray), 34, 7-12, 18-20, 26-29, 32, 38, 40, 47-64, 69-70, 75,



89, 196, 199, 201-02, 211, 228-29, 231-33, 242, 272, 358, 363 Brookfield, Mrs. W. H. (nee Jane Elton), 83, 121, 137, 142, 151, 157-58, 161-64, 168-69, 171-72, 175-76, 178-79, 182-83, 185-86, 188-89, 192-97, 199, 20103, 205-09, 211, 213, 21516, 218-19, 226, 228-29, 231-33, 247, 272-73, 358, 363 Broughton, Lord, see Hobhouse Brown, Dr. John, 185, 229-31, 234, 238-39, 241, 246, 263, 318, 320, 322, 32829, 348, 353, 359 "Thackeray," 359 Browning, Robert, 227-28, 275, 335, 359 Browning, Mrs. Robert (nee Elizabeth Barrett), 227-28, 276, 335, 359 Browning, Robert Barrett, 359 Bruce, Knight, 221 Buckstone, John Baldwin, 291 Bull, Ole, 300 Bullar, Dr. Joseph, 177 Bullar, Dr. William, 137, 209 Buller, Arthur, 22 Buller, Charles, Sr., 39, 160 Buller, Mrs. Charles, Sr. (nee Barbara Kirkpatrick), 39, 160, 175-77, 359 Buller, Charles, Jr., 22, 92, 160, 175, 177 Bulwer, Sir Henry, 177 Bulwer (see Lytton, Edward George Earle Lytton, 1st Earl) Burgoyne, Sir John, 336 "Our Volunteers," 336

371

Index

77-81, 83, 85-86, 88, 97, 100, 102, 106, 110, 11213, 115-18, 120, 124-26, 132-33, 140-42, 144, 14748, 151, 154, 157-59, 16164, 169-70, 175, 177, 182, 186, 189, 191, 195, 206, 212, 214, 217, 226-27, 232-33, 236-37, 240, 24243, 245-46, 250, 256, 25859, 265, 269, 271, 276-77, 279, 281-82, 288, 290-92, 302,308,311-13,315, 317, 320-21, 324-25, 328, 334, 337, 339, 345, 350, 357, 361 Castlereagh see Londonderry Catholic Relief Bill, 13 Cattermole, George, 30, 50 Cervantes, Miguel de Don Quixote, 130, 271, 330 Chapin, Rev., 296 Chapman and Hall, 56-59, 63, 72-73, 76, 80-81, 84, 86, 88, 91-92, 97, 100-01, 103, 105, 119, 128, 133, 150, 171, 177, 197, 209, 315,319,321,340 Chapman, Edward, 111, 118, 142, 149-50, 162, 171, 173, 197, 208, 361 Charles II, 293 Charterhouse School, 4, 12-13, 139, 176, 200, 289, 292, 364 Chester, Mr. 349 Chorley, Henry, 56 Christie, Alexander, 207 Clarence, William Henry, Duke of (afterwards William IV), 155 Clough, Arthur Hugh, 174, 192, 249 Bothie, 174

Cobden, Richard, 89 Colburn, Henry, 108, 135 Cole, Sir Henry, 57 Cole, Charles, 70 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 13 Collier, John Payne, 30 Comic Almanack, 42, 187 Compton, Maj., 150 Congreve, William, 223 Constitutional, 31, 38-40 Cornhill Magazine, 330-337, 339-40, 342, 344, 348, 359, 361-62, 364-67 Corn Laws, Repeal of, 124 Cortona, Pietro da, 180 Coulon, M., 15 Courvoisier, Francois Benjamin, 55 Cousin, Victor Philosophie, 23 Cozzens, Frederick, 299, 315, 322-23 Craigie, Eliza, 310, 328 Crampton, Sir John, 260-61, 274, 303 Crowe, Amy, see Thackeray, Mrs. Edward Crowe, Eugenie, see Wynne, Mrs. Robert Crowe, Eyre Evans, Sr., 29, 93, 361 Crowe, Mrs. Eyre Evans, Sr. (nee Margaret Archer), 361 Crowe, Eyre Evans, Jr., 160, 238, 244-46, 249-52, 256, 258-59, 263, 305, 362 Thackeray's Haunts and Homes, 362 With Thackeray in America, 362 Cruikshank, George, 13, 42-43, 53, 57, 71-72, 74, 89, 11012, 114-17, 362 Comic Almanack, 42-43, 362



372

Omnibus, 72, 362 Table-Book, 92, 362 Cullum, Rev. Sir Thomas, 168, 170 Cullum, Lady (wife of Rev. Sir Thomas Cullum), 168, 170, 210, 212 Cunningham, Hugh, 54, 62-63, 67-68, 362 Cunningham, Peter, 139, 245 "Chronicles," 139 Curtis, George, 322 "Thackeray in America," 267-68 Daily News, 131, 361 Darley, William, 128 David, Jacques Louis, 16 Davison, Sir Henry, 156, 337 Dejazet, Pauline, 163 Delane, John, 88, 274 Devonshire, William Cavendish, 6th Duke of, 157, 230 Devrient, Ludwig, 19 Dexter, Dr. William, 299 Dickens, Charles, 53-54, 56, 76, 79, 83, 89, 134-37, 143-44, 151-52, 183, 203, 211, 220, 222-23, 226, 233, 256, 283, 291, 321, 325-26, 329, 354, 362, 364, 366 American Notes, 79, 256-57 Battle of Life, 135 Bleak House, 263 Christmas Carol, 89 David Copperfield, 183,193, 220 Dom bey and Son, 137 "In Memoriam," 362 Master Humphrey's Clock, 53-54 Nicholas Nickleby, 135, 259

373

Pickwick Papers, 32, 135 Dickens, Mrs. Charles (nee Catherine Hogarth), 83, 283, 325 Dictionary of National Biography, 366 Didelot, Charles, 32 Dillon, John, 351 Dixon, William Hepworth, 319, 354 Donizetti, Gaetano Elisiri d'Amore, 66 Lucia da Lammermoor, 160 Doyle, Andrew, 85 Doyle, Richard, 93, 109, 135, 146-47, 152, 180-81, 184, 197, 200, 204 221, 270-73, 275-84, 286-89, 291-94, 365 Bird's Eye Views of Society, 362 Manners and Customs of the English, 184 Selections from the Rejected Cartoons, 152 Drury, Miss, 140-42, 144 Dumas, Alexandre, Comte de Monte-Cristo, 271 Othon I'Archer, 92 Vicomte de Bragelonne, 193 Dunlop family, 302 Duprez, Gilbert-Louis, 41 Duvernay, Marie-Louise, 27 Eastlake, Sir Charles, 214 Eastlake, Lady (nee Elizabeth Rigby), 178, 214-15 Edinburgh Review, 107,111, 150 Eliot, George (Mary Ann Evans Cross), 344 Adam Bede, 344 Elliot, Thomas Frederick, 199, 325, 341, 362-63



Index

Index

Elliot, Mrs. Thomas Frederick (nee Jane Perry), 186, 190, 196, 199, 202, 228-30, 239, 253, 255, 260, 262, 268-69, 272, 293, 296, 298, 301-02, 304-05, 307, 310, 312-13, 341, 362-63 Elliotson, Dr. John, 195, 197, 211-12, 233,364 Elton, Arthur Hallam, 171, 189 Elton, Mrs. Arthur Hallam, (nee Rhoda Willis), 17071, 189 Elwin, Rev. Whitwell, 292, 294, 304,307,310-11,315, 344, 363 Emerson, Ralph Waldo, Essays, 304 English, Miss, 10 Esquirol, Jean, 62 Evans, Frederick Mullett, 127, 160, 183, 241, 291, 312, 358 Everett, Edward, 260 Examiner, 55, 64, 106, 112, 133, 157, 166, 199, 222, 224, 258, 357, 364 Fanshawe, Mrs. Charles, 267, 312 Fay, Leontine, 15 Felt, Willard L, 241, 251 Felt, Mrs. Willard L., 259 Fielding, Henry, 130, 156, 164, 176, 213 Amelia, 130, 164 Joseph Andrews, 164 Tom Jones, 166, 213 Fields, James T., 250-51, 253, 297, 363 Fillmore, Millard, 261 Finlay, Francis, 315 Fish, Hamilton, 261

FitzGerald, Edward, 16, 18, 20, 30, 33, 48, 55, 62, 71, 73, 75, 79-80, 83, 88-89, 110, 157, 172, 233, 239, 248, 272, 363 FitzGerald, Mrs. Edward Marlborough, 152 FitzGerald, John, 239 FitzGerald, Peter, 79 Fladgate, Frank, 297, 346 Fonblanque, Albany, 353 Foreign Quarterly Review, 7273, 75, 80-82, 86, 88, 101, 361 Forgues, Paul, 87, 287 Forster, John, 55-56, 72, 75, 81,84,89,92, 131, 133, 143-44, 156,, 166, 195, 199,203, 211, 222-24, 226,233,258,321,362, 364, 366 Life of Goldsmith, 156 Fraser, James, 22, 41, 54, 6265, 69, 71-73 Fraser's Magazine, 22, 28, 39, 50, 52, 58, 62, 68-70, 75, 82-83, 89-90, 92, 97, 165, 365-66 Froissart, Jean, 108 Galignani's Messenger, 41, 245 Garrick Club, 26, 30, 100, 185-86, 205, 218, 280, 295, 309 Garrick Club Affair, 325-26, 329-30, 364 Gay, John Beggar's Opera, 20 George III, 11, 194 George IV, 11, 18, 155 Georgia Historical Society, 304 Gibbon, Edward Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 294



374

Gibbs, Thomas, 223 Gibson, Mrs. Thomas Milner (nee Susanna Cullum), 170 Gillray, James, 155 Giraldon, M., 91 Girardin, Mme. Delphine de Lettres Parisiennes, 88 Gleig, George Story of Waterloo, 142 Gluck, Christoph Willibald Orpheus, 41 Glynn, Henry, 284 Goethe, Frau August von (nee Ottilie von Pogwisch), 20, 227 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 19, 220, 292, 294 Goldsmith, Oliver, 156 Gore, Cecilia [later Lady Thynne], 208 Gore, Mrs. Charles (nee Catherine Moody), 238, 338 Graham, Capt. Allan, 4, 9 Graham, Mrs. Alan (nee Harriet Becher), 4, 9, 11 Grant, James Paris and its People, 88 Great Exhibition of 1851, 21819, 225, 361 Green, Duff, 91 Grey, Lady Jane, 166 Grisi, Mme. Giulia, 27 Gye, Frederick, 204 Hallam, Henry, 178, 201, 213, 222, 303 Hallam, Henry Fitzmaurice, 195, 211,213 Halliday, Dr. 193 Halliday, Mrs. (nee Augusta Thackeray), 191, 193 Hamilton, James Douglas, 4th Duke of, 194-95

375

Hamilton, William Douglas, 11th Duke of, 194 Hampton, Frank, 305 Hampton, Mrs. Frank (nee Sarah Baxter), 255-56, 268-69, 275, 299, 301, 305, 308-09, 313, 341, 349, 351-52, 356 Hannay, James, 153, 188, 24748, 285, 294 KingDobbs, 188,285 Hardinge, Lady (nee Lady Emily Stewart), 330 Harper Brothers, 252-53, 258, 261, 267, 270, 301, 320 Harper, James, 253 Hatch, Mrs. Theresa, 331 Hawkins, Mr., 225 Haydn, Franz Joseph, 257, 266 Hayes, Catherine, 203-04 Hayter, William, 315 Hayward, Abraham, 150, 20001, 214, 222 Hazlitt, William, 13 Heath, Charles, 30 Herweg, Georg, Gedichte, 81 Hickson, William Edward, 74 Higgins, Matthew James, 222, 255, 364 Jacob Omnium, M. P., 364 Hobhouse, John Cam [Lord Broughton], 213, 236, 325 Hodder, George, 137, 295 Hogarth, William, 295 Holland, Sir Henry, 352 Holmes, Mary, 236-38, 241, 243 Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 256 Hood, Thomas, 336 Memorials, 339 "To Goldenhair," 336 Hooper, Henry, 57



Index

Index

Horace [Quintus Horatius Flaccus], Ars Poetica, 247 Horneck, Catherine and Mary, 156 Houghton, Lord, see Milnes Howard, H. R., 233 Hughes, Miss, 282 Hugo, Victor Notre Dame de Paris, 23 Rhine, 73 Hume, James, 24, 81 Hunt, Leigh, 151-52, 223 A Jar of Honey, 151 Illustrated London News, 362 Illustrated News [New York] 254 Irving, Washington, 261, 299 James, Henry, Sr., 250 James, Henry, Jr., 366 James, Mrs. William Milbourne (nee Maria Otter), 211 Jameson, Mrs. Robert (nee Anna Murphy), 225 Janin, Jules, 192 Jeaffreson, John Cordy, 354 Jerdan, William, 32, 84 Jerrold, Douglas, 32, 92, 138, 144, 206-07, 211, 241, 318-19 Men of Character, 44 Johnson, Esther ("Stella"), 222 Jones, John Paul, 354 Kane, Elisha, 296 Keane, David Deady, 82 Keepsake, 167, 198, 213, 242, 252, 275 Kemble, Frances Ann, 16, 22122, 364 Kemble, John Mitchell, 16, 33, 35,46,48-49, 51, 364

Kempis, Thomas a Imitation of Christ (attrib.), 197 Kennedy, Patrick, 293 Kenyon, John, 181 Kerrich, John, 48 Kinglake, Alexander, 222 Kinglake, Sophia, 182 Kingsley, Charles, 329 Kossuth, Louis, 234 Lamb, Charles, 13 Landells, Ebenezer, 78, 81 Landor, Walter Savage Andrea of Hungary, 48 Giovanna of Naples, 48 Landseer, Sir Edwin, 325 Langley, Samuel, 325 Lardner, Dr. Dionysius, 53 Laurence, Samuel, 249, 259, 265, 274, 350, 363 Lawrence, Abbott, 241 Lawrence, Amos, 257 Leader, 252 Leech, John, 80, 98, 113, 133, 152, 187, 290, 363-65 Leigh, Percival, 82-83, 127, 278-80, 365 "Mr. Pips hys Diary," 365 "Ye Manners and Customs of ye Englishe," 365 Leitch, William, 310 Lemon, Mark, 78, 80, 138, 15253, 174, 184, 205, 241 Lempriere, John Bibliotheca Classica, 171 Leslie, Charles, 339 Lettsom, William Garrow, 18, 365 Lever, Charles, 76 79, 84, 136, 173-74, 340 Day's Ride, 340 Roland Cashel, 173-74,365 Lewes, George Henry, 153, 292



376

Goethe, 292, 294 Lewis, Capt. Daniel, 120 Lewis, Mr. 319 Lewis, John Frederick, 30, 103 Lilo, George George Barnwell, 136, 204 Lincoln, Abraham, 340 Lind, Jenny, 160 Literary Gazette, 13, 32, 84, 365-66 Locke, Mrs. Joseph (nee Phoebe McCreery), 225 Londonderry, Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of, 175 Londonderry, Lady (nee Lady Elizabeth Powerscourt), wife of 4th Marquess, 175, 186, 198 Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 257, 300, 302, 335 Longman, Thomas, 56,107 Louis XV, 107 Louis Napoleon [Napoleon III], 177, 194, 234-35 Louis Philippe, 73, 76, 153-54 Low, Andrew, 263, 305 Lowell, James Russell, 249 Lowell, Mrs. James Russell (nee Maria White), 249 Lubbock, Forster, and Co., 22, 100 Lucas, Samuel, 331 Luscombe, Bishop Michael, 3233 Lytton, Edward George Earle, Lytton, 1st Earl, 47, 50, 53, 136, 144, 177, 188, 222, 226, 233, 267, 354 Caxtons, 269 Eugene Aram, 21 Pelham, 23 Sea Captain, 47

377

Macaulay, Kenneth, 185 Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 1st Baron, 194, 222, 240, 303 History of England, 240, 303 Lays of Ancient Rome, 194 Maceroni, Col. Francis, 39 Maclise, Daniel, 29-30, 89, 325, 365-66 Macready, William Charles, 71, 80, 142, 162,211,217, 219,311,319,323 Macrone, John, 36, 39, 54-55 Maginn, William, 21-22, 24, 39, 77, 346, 365 Mahony, Francis Sylvester ("Father Prout"), 366 "Father Prout's Inaugurative Ode to the Author of 'Vanity Fair,1" 366 "Reliques of Father Prout," 366 Manisty, Henry, 344 Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st Duke of, 171 Mars, Mile. (Anne Frangoise Hippolyte Boutet), 15 Martin, Theodore, 17 Marvy, Louis, 173, 196, 202, 209, 366 Sketches After English Landscape Painters, 173, 196, 202, 209, 211,366 Mary, Queen of Scots, 312 Masson, David, 220 Mathews, Charles, 60 Meadows, Kenny, Heads of the People, 46, 5253 Mercantile Library Assn., 241, 251,285,297,303,308 Meyerbeer, Giacomo Huguenots, 188 Prophete, 207



Index

Index

Millais, John Everett, 336 Milman, Henry Hart [Dean of St. Paul's], 201, 222 Milnes, Richard Monckton [Lord Houghton], 55, 68, 92, 177, 191, 336, 352, 366 "Historical Contrast," 364 "Strangers Yet," 364 "Unspoken Dialogue," 336, 364 Milnes, Robert Pemberton, 68 Mitchell, John, 16, 32, 222, 366 Moffatt, Mr., 225 Molesworth, Lady (nee Andalusia Grant), 255, 332 Monstrelet, Enguerrand de, 108 Morier, James Justinian, 148 HajjiBaba, 148 Morning Advertiser, 41 Morning Chronicle, 29-30, 85, 93,97, 117, 119-20, 12425, 130-31, 135, 153, 157, 173, 175, 199, 202, 204, 361, 366 Morning Post, 69 Morton, Saville, 55, 75 Mothe-Langon, Baron de la L'Empire, 90 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 41, 266 Mudie's Library, 250, 294 Murray, John, 142, 178, 225 Napier, Gen. Sir Charles, 194 Napier, Lt.-Gen. Sir George, 194 Napier, Macvey, 111, 114, 116 Napoleon I [Bonaparte], 8, 12, 46, 48, 61-63 National Standard, 24, 26-28, 81

"Nazarines," 71 Neate, Charles, 318 Newman, Francis, 192 Soul, 192 Newman, John Henry, Cardinal, 192, 277 New Monthly Magazine, 187, 364 New-York Daily Tribune, 250 Nickisson, George, 69-70, 82, 92, 99, 131, 139 Norfolk, Charles Howard, 11th Duke of, 155 North British Review, 220 Norton, Hon. Mrs, Caroline, 135, 150 O'Connell, Daniel, 88, 93 O'Donnel, Arnout, 84 Ogilvy, Lady (nee Lady Jane Howard), 317 Once a Week, 331 Orsay, Alfred Guillaume, Count df, 146, 160, 183-84, 194, 321 Oxford, Robert Harley, 1st Earl, 217 Palmerston, Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount, 217, 234-35, 293, 324 Pappenheim, Jenny von, 19 Parker, Rev. Theodore, 257 Patmore, Coventry, 131 Pattle, Virginia, 157 Paul, M., 15 "Pauline, Mile." [a grisette], 18 Pauline [a servant], 87 Paxton, Joseph 230 Payne [a servant], 161 Pearman, Charles, 268, 29596, 300, 308, 324 Peel, Sir Robert, 130, 176 Perrault, Charles



378

Index Putnam's Monthly Magazine, 267 Puzin, Dr., 72-73, 86 Quarterly Review, 178,290, 294, 363

Radcliffe, Alfred, 311 Raglan, FitzRoy Somerset, 1st Baron, 121 Raphael [Rafaello Santi], 171 Rawlinson, Sir Henry, 222 Reed, Thomas, 319 Reed, William Bradford, 318, 342, 366 Haudlmmemor, 366 Reform Bill, 22 Reform Club, 51, 56, 93, 99, 169 Rellstab, Heinrich Paris im Fruhjahr, 88 Republic, 91 Revue des Deux Mondes, 87, 287 Reynolds, John Hamilton, 50 Richardson, Samuel Sir Charles Grandison, 233 Ritchie, John, 4, 10 Ritchie, Mrs. John (nee Charlotte Thackeray), 4, 10, 33, 59, 70, 88, 193 Ritchie, William, 30, 312 Rittner et Goupil, 32 Roberts, David, 173, 279 Robespierre, Maximilien de, 207 Robinson, William Duer, 30809, 322-23, 330, 339 Rodd, Lady (nee Jane Rennell), 195 Rogers, Samuel, 199 Ronsard, Pierre de "Quand vous serez bien vieille," 256



Bluebeard, 204 Perry, Kate, 157, 186, 190, 202, 228-31, 239, 253, 260, 262, 268-69, 272, 293, 296, 298, 304-05, 310, 312-13, 341, 362-63 Phillips, Samuel, 258 Pierce, Franklin, 261 Pitt, William [Lord Chatham], 330 Polk, James K., 106 Pollen, John Hungerford, 277 Pollnitz, Baron Karl von Memoires, 283 Pollock, Sir Jonathan, 236, 255, 332 Pollock, Lady (nee Sarah Langslow), 198, 236, 249, 327 Pope, Alexander, 217 Power, Ellen, 184, 194 Power, Marguerite, 184, 194, 213, 242,275,321 Prescott, William Hickling, 251, 302-03 Procter, Adelaide, 190, 346 Procter, Bryan Waller, 55-56, 161-62, 167, 190, 271, 366 Procter, Mrs. Bryan Waller (nee Anne Skepper), 48, 55, 63, 65-67, 83, 160-62, 167, 190, 195-96, 206, 222-23, 256, 277-78, 282, 285, 288, 291, 295, 30001, 306, 366 Punch, 68, 75, 78, 89, 92, 97, 102-03, 119, 126, 130, 137-39, 159, 173, 175, 179, 184-86, 191, 198, 206-07, 211, 220, 233-35, 241, 252, 271-72, 278, 282, 290-91, 358, 364-65 Purcell, Peter, 76, 90, 120 Putnam, George, 253

379

Index

Rossini, Gioacchino Stabat Mater, 73 Rowland, S. N., 293 Royal Academy, 214, 240, 32425 Royal literary Fund, 158, 18586, 220-21, 241, 318, 32425, 332, 343 Royal Theatrical Fund, 324 Rubens, Peter Paul, 171 Rubini, Giovanni Batista, 41 Ruskin, John, 340 Russell, Francis, 309 Russell, John, 1st Earl, 217, 225, 238 Russell, Lady (nee Lady Frances Elliot), 238 Russell, William Howard, 293, 342 Sala, George Augustus, 295 Hogarth, 295 Sampayo, Mr., 159 Sandwich, Lady (nee Lady Mary Paget), 235 Sartoris, Mrs. Edward (nee Adelaide Kemble), 203, 211,276,364 Saturday Review, 368 Schiller, Friedrich von 19 Rauber, 19 Schroder-Devrient, Wilhelmine, 19 Scott, Rev. Alexander, 245 Scott, Sir Walter, 13, 353 Scott, Gen. Winfield, 260 Seymour, Robert, 32 Shakespear, Richmond, 9-10 Shakespeare, William, 211, 218, 280,352,354 Hamlet, 19, 211 Henry IV, 19, 130 Henry VIII, 162

King Lear, 142 Merchant of Venice, 19 Midsummer Night's Dream, 114 Romeo and Juliet, 16 Taming of the Shrew, 114 Shawe, Arthur, 143, 148, 186 Shawe, Jane, 59, 125 Shawe, Mary, 78 Shawe, Lt. Col. Matthew, 9 Shawe, Mrs. Matthew (nee Isabella Creagh), 9, 31, 33, 59,61 Shawe, Lt. Col. Merrick, 39, 78 Sheridan, Richard Brinsley Rivals, 161 Sleap, Thomas, 282 Smith, Albert, 264 Smith, Elder, 147, 152, 171, 212, 214-15, 242, 249, 255, 259-60, 265, 267, 269, 289, 320, 330-31, 350, 366 Smith, George, 197, 206, 208, 225, 235-36, 240, 242-43, 245, 247, 249, 252, 25455, 258, 264, 266-67, 28586, 289-90,295,316,329, 331, 333-36, 337-38, 340, 342-45, 347-50, 353-54, 366 Smith, Horace, 130 Poetical Works, 130 Smith, Misses (daughters of Horace Smith), 168 Somerset, Lord Fitzroy, see Raglan Sontag, Gertrude [Countess de Rossi], 250, 254, 284 Spectator, 50, 223, 252 Spedding, James, 16, 30, 199, 367 Bacon, 367 Spiegel, Hof Marshall von, 18



380

Spiegel, Melanievon, 19 Standard, 21, 24 Stanley, Edward John, 2nd Baron, 225, 255, 325, 367 Stanley, Lady (nee Henrietta Dillon-Lee), 231, 234-35, 246, 323, 327, 367 Steele, Richard, 217, 223, 289 Sterling, Edward, 39, 367 Sterne, Laurence, 223, 268 Journal to Eliza, 223 Stevens, Augustus, 86 Stirling, William, 239 Stirling-Maxwell, Sir William, 239 Stone, Frank, 29 Stoney-Bowes, George, 68 Story, Edith, 277 Story, William Wetmore, 277, 298 Story, Mrs. William Wetmore, (nee Emelyn Eldredge), 276-77 Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 266-67 Strickland, Agnes and Elizabeth, 316 Lives of the Queens of England, 316 Strong, Elizabeth ("Libby"), 269, 283-84, 341, 356 Sue, Eugene Afysteres de Paris, 80, 91 Sumner, John [Archbishop of Canterbury], 219 Surtees, Robert Smith, 187 Jorrocks 'Jaunts, 187 Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour, 187 Swain, Joseph, 286 Swift, Jonathan, 217, 222 Swinburne, Algernon, 352 Sykes, Godfrey, 361 Synge, William Webb, 325

381

Tablet, 84 Tacitus, Cornelius, 271 Taglioni, Marie, 15 Talfourd, Lady (nee Rachel Rutt), 255 Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles Maurice de, 97, 105-06 Tamburini, Antonio, 73 Taprell, William, 20-21 Tatler, 215 Tauchnitz, Bernhard, 170-71, 190-91, 231, 233, 267, 309 Taylor, Bayard, 302, 318 Taylor, Tom, 143 Tennent, James Emerson, 99, 130 Tennyson, Alfred, 1st Baron, 16,30,75, 151, 199,212, 218, 233, 236, 318, 333, 335-36, 354, 367 "Idylls," 333, 367 "Princess," 151, 333 "Tithonus," 336, 367 Tennyson, Lady (nee Emily Sellwood), 236, 367 Tennyson, Frederick, 110 Thackeray, Anne Isabella, 38, 55, 59-61, 63, 65-66, 73, 81, 88-89,96, 110, 118, 124-26, 132-33, 140, 142, 152, 164, 167, 170, 183, 186-87, 189, 192, 195, 207, 209, 214-15, 226-27, 229-30, 232, 234-35, 23740, 242-49, 252, 255, 257, 259, 263, 265-72, 274-76, 278-82, 285, 287, 293, 295-300, 303-04, 306, 310-12, 317, 320, 324-29, 332-34, 337-39, 345, 34748, 352-53, 357, 359, 361, 363, 366-67 "Little Scholars," 337 Thackeray, Edward, 351



Index

Index

Thackeray, Mrs. Edward (nee Amy Crowe), 287, 348, 351,362 Thackeray, Elias, 3, 79 Thackeray, Dr. Frederick, 181 Thackeray, Harriet Marian, 5455, 59-61, 63, 65-67, 73, 81, 88-89,96, 110, 12426, 132-33, 140, 152, 164, 167, 170, 183, 186-87, 189, 195, 207, 209, 21415, 226-27, 229-30, 232, 234-35, 237- 40, 242-49, 252, 255, 257-59, 263, 265-66, 268-72, 275-76, 278-82, 287, 293, 295300, 303-04, 306, 310-12, 317,320,324-26, 328, 332-34, 337-39, 345, 34748, 352-53, 357, 359, 361, 366-67 Thackeray, Jane, 42, 44, 54, 140, 263, 352, 354 Thackeray, Martin, 51 Thackeray, Richmond Makepeace, 3-4, 7-9, 69 Thackeray, Mrs. Richmond Makepeace (nee Anne Becher), 4, 7-8 Thackeray, Thomas, 3, 7 Thackeray, Mrs. Thomas (nee Ann Woodward), 3, 7 Thackeray, William Makepeace (grandfather), 3, 7, 188 Thackeray, Mrs. William Makepeace (nee Amelia Richmond Webb), 3, 7 Thackeray, William Makepeace works "A Bid for the New Austrian Loan," 229

"A Bow-Street Ballad; By a Gentleman of the Force," 174 "A Box of Novels," 90-91, 93, 365 "A Brighton Night Entertainment," 116 "A Brother of the Press on the History of a Literary Man," 120, 357 "A. Bunn," 25 "A Case of Conscience," 216 "A Case of Ingratitude," 228 "A Case of Real Distress," 98 "A Challenge from Bell's Life," 228 "A Chance Lost," 99 "A Delicate Case," 217 "A Dilemma," 160 "A Disputed Genealogy," 141 "A Doe in the City," 116 "A Dream of the Future," 156 "A Dream of Whitefriars," 210 "A Grumble About The Christmas Books," 134 "A Hint for Moses," 98 "A House at the West End," 113 "A Leaf out of a Sketch-Book," 346 "A Legend of the Rhine," 92, 110-12, 114-17, 309 "A Letter from 'Jeames of Buckley Square,'" 113 "A Little Dinner at Timmins's," 159-64, 30910 "A Lucky Speculator," 113 "A Mississippi Bubble," 306, 346 "A New Naval Drama," 125 "A New Spirit of the Age," 94 "A Nut for the Paris Charivari," 98



382

"A Painter's Wish," 107 "A Pictorial Rhapsody," 54-55 "A Plan for a Prize Novel," 216 "A Police Case," 216 "A Prospect of Hampton Court," 207 "A Rare New Ballad of Malbrook," 96 "A Retired Neighbourhood," 210 "A Roundabout Journey," 340 "A Scene in St. James's Park," 132 "A Seasonable Word on Railways," 115 "A Second Lecture on the Fine Arts," 45 "A Second Letter to an Eminent Personage," 286 "A Shabby Genteel Story," 54, 57-58,60,62,251,301, 318, 350 "A Side-Box Talk," 173 "A Simile," 165 "A Statement of Fax Relative to the Late Murder," 14 "A Strange Man Just Discovered in Germany," 218 "A Tea-Table Tragedy," 127 "A Translation of the First Ode of Anacreon," 13 "A Turkish Letter," 84 "A Woeful New Ballad of the Protestant Conspiracy to take the Pope's Life," 217 "A Word on the Annuals," 39 "About a Christmas Book," 118 "Academy Exhibition," 96 "Address." (The National Standard), 24, 28 "Advertisement," 14

383

"Alexis Soyer, The Gastronomic Regenerator," 125 "An After-Dinner Conversation," 157 "An Eastern Adventure of the Fat Contributor," 133 "An Eligible Investment," 95 "An Exhibition Gossip," 74 "An Ingleez Family," 230 "An Interesting Event," 167, 198 "Angleterre. Par Alfred Michiels," 98 "Annexation," 228 "'Appeal to Rome!'" I l l "Arabella; or, The Moral of 'The Partie Fine,'" 96 "Authors' Miseries," 165-68, 172, 174, 176 "Author's Preface" (Appleton), 254, 267, 278 "Autour de mon Chapeau," 352 "Ballads," 248, 291, 297, 301, 363 "Bar Touting," 114 "Barber Cox and the Cutting of his Comb," 49, 187,298, 362 "Barmecide Banquets," 116 "Beat It If You Can," 232 "BeulahSpa," 115 "Biographical and Literary Riddles," 94 "Black Monday," 125 "Bluebeard's Ghost," 87 "Bob Robinson's First Love," 112 "Bow Street Ballads," 176, 364 "Brighton," 115 "Brighton in 1847," 147-48 "British Honour," 111



Index

Index

"[Bulwer-Lytton's] The New Timon," 122 "[Burton's] Life and Correspondence of David Hume," 121 "Capers and Anchovies," 204 "Captain Rook and Mr. Pigeon," 45-46 "Carus's Travels in England," 121 "Catherine: A Story," 45, 47, 49-52, 204, 301 "Caution to Tradesmen," 147 "Charity and Humour," 259, 266, 291-92, 299, 301, 306, 308, 319 "Chartist Meeting," 155 "Child's Parties: and a Remonstrance Concerning Them," 178 "Christmas Books," 118-19, 315 "City of the Czar," 43 "Clerical Joke," 216 Comic Tales and Sketches, 52, 62, 67, 362 " Coningsby; or, the New Generation" [Morning Chronicle], 96 " Coningsby; or the New Generation" [Pictorial Times], 96 "Contract for Muffins," 215 " [Cooper's] Ravensnest; or the Red Skins," 128 "Count Valerian Krasinski's History of the Reformation," 43 "County Court Poetry," 232 "Cruikshank's Gallery," 352, 362 "Daddy, I'm Hungry," 84

"Damages, Two Hundred Pounds," 208 "Dangerous Passage," 115 "Dashes at Life with a Free Pencil," 111-12, 115 "Death and Dying in France," 86-87 "Death of the Earl of Robinson," 176 "Dedication" (TheGownsman), 18 "De Finibus," 351 "De Juventute," 340 "Delightful Novelty," 109 "Denis Duval" 352-54 "Dessein's," 18, 351 " Diary and Letters of Madame d'Arblay," 130 "Diary of C. Jeames de la Pluche, Esq.," 301 "Dickens in France," 73 "Dimond Cut Dimond," 40 "Disgusting Violation of the Rights of Property," 107 "Dog Annexation," 107 "Domestic Scenes—Served with a Writ," 210 "Drama. Covent Garden," 25 "Drama. King's Theatre," 24 "Drama. Plays and Play-Bills," 28 Dr. Birch, 171, 175, 177, 315, 361 "Duchess of Marlborough's Private Correspondence," 40 Dunlop family, 299, 302 " Egypt Under Mehemet Ali. By Prince Puckler Muskau," 106 "Emigration to America," 168 "England," 31 "England in 1869," 179



384

"Epistles to the Literati," 4951,360 "Eros and Anteros," 40 "Erratum," 108 "Exhibition of the Society of Painters in Water Colours," 95 "Extract from the Letter of a Gentleman," 197 "Extract of a Letter on the Late Crisis," 119 "Fashionable Removals," 100 "Fashnable Fax and Polite Annygoats," 39 "Father Gahagan's Exhortation," 28 "Father Mathew's Debts," 109 "Festivities at the Middle Temple," 221 "Fielding's Works," 58, 176 "Fitz-Boodle's Confessions," 19, 74-75, 79-83, 85, 8788, 316, 318 "Fitz-Boodle's Professions," 76 Flore et Zephyr, 32, 222, 358, 366 "For the Court Circular," 107 "Foreign Correspondence," 2526 "Foring Parts," 41 "Four Equerries and Three Chaplains," 208 "Four German Ditties," 42 "Fragments from the History of Cashmere," 212 "Fraser's Winter Journey to Persia," 43 "French Romancers on England," 87 "French Sympathisers," 157 "From a Private Correspondent," 33 "From Anacreon," 16

385

"From Our Own Correspondent," 33-38 "From the Diario Oltramano," 216 "From The Own Correspondent of the Moniteur des Boulevards," 217 "Gems from Jenkins," 95 "Genteel Christianity," 107 "George Cruikshank," 53-54, 57, 362 "George Herwegh's Poems," 8182 "German Songs," 31 "Gisquet's Memoirs," 64, 66 "Going to See A Man Hanged," 55,57 "Grant in Paris," 89 "Great News! Wonderful News!" 95 "Greenwich—Whitebait," 98 "Gross Insult to the Court," 108 "Half-a-Crown's Worth of Cheap Knowledge," 40 "Half an Hour Before Dinner," 128 "Haydon's Lectures on Painting and Design," 124 "Hemigration made Heasy," 167 "Her Majesty's Bal Poudre," 110 "Heroic Sacrifice," 154 "Historic Fancies. By the Hon. George Sidney Smythe, M. P.," 99 "Historical Parallel," 107 "Historical Recollections by Major Gahagan," 41 "Hobson's Choice," 199-200 "Horae Catnachianae," 45



Index

Index

"Horrid Tragedy in Private Life!" 138 "Humours of the House of Commons," 108 "Hurrah for Austria!" 217 "If Not: Why Not?" 218 "II etait un Roi d'Yvetot," 28 Illustration to "A Perilous Precedent," 131 Illustration to "A Song for Sibthorp," 145 Illustration to "A Trumpet with a Cold," 276 Illustration to "Admiralty v. Assistant-Surgeons," 205 Illustration to "Assumption of Aristocracy," 84 Illustration to "Debate on the Navy," 110 Illustration to "English Tendencies," 141 Illustration to "Fagots for Freemasons," 233 Illustration to "Generosity to Poor Soldiers," 208 Illustration to "Good News for Anglers," 132 Illustration to "Manners and Customs," 273 Illustration to "Matrimonial Dictionary" 130 Illustration to "Music in Ebony," 134 Illustration to "Naval Operations," 121 Illustration to "NewGrand Junction Line," 136 Illustration to "Odalisques in the West," 224 Illustration to "Pantomimic Distress," 178

Illustration to "Peter the Putter-Down Preacheth a Newe Crusade," 141 Illustration to "Petty Bribery and Corruption," 145 Illustration to "Piratical Expeditions," 136 Illustration to "Police Regulations for the Publication of Punch's Almanack," 213 Illustration to "Punch's Sermons to Tradesmen," 215 Illustration to "Recollections of the Opera" 88 Illustration to "Revolution at Munich.—Beauty's Bulldog," 140 Illustration to "Sale of Miscellaneous Furniture," 85 Illustration to "Signs Made Symbols," 273 Illustration to "Tales for the Marines," 132 Illustration to "The Age of Compliments," 272 Illustration ("Give Us Our Daily Bread") to The AntiCorn Law Circular, 56, 361 Illustration to "The AstleyNapoleon Museum," 83 Illustration to "The Bachelors' League," 203 Illustration to "The Brummagem French Emperor," 161 Illustration to "The Cabinet and Colonel Sibthorp," 81 Illustration to "The Court Apollo," 132 Illustration to "The Finsbury Letters," 145



386

Illustration to "The Gomersal Museum," 112 Illustration to "The Guards and The Line," 197 Illustration to "The House of Shakspeare and The House of Coburg," 145 Illustration to "The Least Said, the Soonest Mended,'" 140 Illustration to "The Lowly Bard to His Lady Love," 113 Illustration to "The Model Mother," 164 Illustration to "The New House of Commons," 200 Illustration to "The Original Agapemone in Danger," 219 Illustration to "The Thames Derby," 143 Illustration to "The Two Incapables," 119 Illustration to "The Value of Health at Liverpool," 136 Illustration to "To Persons in Want of a Brougham," 83 Illustration to "Treatment of Pictures in the National Gallery," 132 Illustration to "White-bait Dinner to Sir Robert Peel," 127 Illustration to "Young Israel to Punch," 147 "Illustrations of the Rent Laws," 45, 48 Illustrations to Addison, Damascus and Palmyra, 44 Illustrations to Barrow, King Glumpus, 39 Illustrations to Barrow, The Exquisites, 49 Illustrations to Jerrold, Men of Character, 44

387

Illustrations to "Punch's Condensed Magazine," 89 Illustrations to "The Flying Duke," 88 Illustrations to "Union is Strength," 138 "Immense Opportunity," 111 "Important from the Seat of War!" 282-85 "Important Promotions! Merit Rewarded!" 90 "Interesting Meeting," 98 "Interesting Relic at Rosenau," 114 "Ireland. By J. Venedey," 94 "Irish Gems. From the 'Benighted Irishman,'" 157 "Irish Melody," 13 "Irish Razors," 98 "'Is There Anything in the Paper?'" 168 "Jeames of Buckley Square," 113 "Jeames on the Gauge Question," 123 "Jeames on Time Bargings," 117 "Jeames's Diary," 117-20 "Jenny Wren's Remonstrance," 100 "Jerome Paturot," 87 "John Bull Beaten," 217 "John Jones's Remonstrance About the Buckingham Business," 118 "Kitchen Melodies.—Curry," 132 "Krasinski's Sketch of the Reformation.—Vol. II," 52 "La verite sur les Cent Jours," 31



Index

Index

"Lady L.'s Journal of a Visit to Foreign Courts," 91 "[Lane's] Life at the Water Cure," 128 "Latest from America," 96 "Latest from Mexico," 148 "Latest from the Continent," 165 "Le Due de Normandie," 44 "Leaves from the Lives of the Lords of Literature," 91 "Les Premieres Armes de Montpensier," 95 "Letter from D. J. Ramsbottom," 16 "Letters from a Club ArmChair," 103, 108-10, 114 "Letters from London, Paris, Pekin, Petersburgh, &c," 46-47 "Letters on the Fine Arts," 8182, 84-85 "Letters to a Nobleman Visiting Ireland," 165-66 "Lever's St. Patrick's Eve," 107 "Liberal Reward," 107 "Limerick Butter," 216 "Ones (Not Quite New)," 229 "Lines on a Late Hospicious Ewent," 205 "Literary Intelligence," 98 "Literary News," 108 "Literature at a Stand," 140 "Little Billee," 259 "Little Spitz," 71-72 "Little Travels and Road-Side Sketches," 95, 103, 105 "London Characters," 25 "Loose Sketches," 65-68 "Louis Philippe," 24 "Love in Fetters," 25 "Love Songs by the Fat Contributor," 140

"Love Songs of the Fat Contributor," 143 "Love Songs Made Easy," 139 "Lovel the Widower" 24, 33537, 340, 343 "Lucy's Birthday," 264, 275 "M. Gobemouche's Authentic Account of the Grand Exhibition," 220 "[Madden's] Ireland and its Rulers, since 1829," 94 "Major Gahagan's Historical Reminiscences," 43-44, 67, 298 "Manners and Society in St. Petersburg," 44 "May Day Ode," 218-19, 225 "May Difference of Opinion Never Alter Friendship!" 126 "May Gambols," 96 "Meditations on Solitude," 115 "Meditations over Brighton," 116 "Meeting on Kennington Common," 155 "Melancholy Musings," 210 "Memoirs of Holt, The Irish Rebel," 40 "Memorials of Gormandising," 67 "Men and Coats," 69 "Men's Wives," 81-83, 85, 8788,316,318 "Military Correspondence," 165 "Military Intelligence," 112 Miscellanies (Bradbury and Evans), 292, 297-98, 30001, 309,316,318,358 Miscellanies (Tauchnitz), 191, 309



388

"Miss Malony and Father Luke," 117 "Miss Shum's Husband," 40 "Miss Tickletoby's Lectures on English History," 76-79 "Modern Songs," 16 "Moore's History of Ireland," 127 "Moorish Designs," 98 "Most Noble Festivities," 111 "Mount Sorel," 107 "Mr. Braham," 25 "Mr. Brown's Letters to a Young Man About Town," 181-82, 184-91, 254, 267 "Mr. Carlyle's Lectures," 42 "Mr. Deuceace at Paris," 42 "Mr. Finigan's Lament," 203 "Mr. Jeames Again," 124 "Mr. Jeames's Sentiments on the Cambridge Election," 140 "Mr. Leech's Sketches in Oil," 350, 364 "Mr. Macaulay's Essays," 82 "Mr. Molony on the Position of the Bar and Attorneys," 232 "Mr. Molony's Account of the Ball," 207 "Mr. Molony's Account of the Crystal Palace," 218 "Mr. Punch for Repeal," 153 "Mr. Punch on Church and State Education," 201 "Mr. Punch on the Fine Arts," 109 "Mr. Punch to an Eminent Personage," 286 "Mr. Punch's Address to the Great City of Castlebar," 213 "Mr. Punch's Appeal to an Eminent Appealer," 212

389

"Mr. Seesaw's Conduct in Parliament during the Late Debates," 206 "Mr. Smith and Moses," 156 "Mr. Smith's Reasons for Not Sending His Pictures to the Exhibition," 107 "Mr. Snob's Remonstrance with Mr. Smith," 159 "Mr. Spec's Remonstrance," 80 "Mr. Thackeray in the United States," 257 "Mr. Washington," 274 "Mr. Yellowplush's Ajew," 43 Mrs. Perkins's Ball, 129, 13335, 142, 148, 315, 361 "Mrs. Ramsbottom in Cambridge," 14 "Murder of Mr. Cockrobin," 195 "Murray or Mac Hale," 210 "N. M. Rothschild, Esq.," 25 "New Accounts of Paris," 88, 90 "New Portrait of H. R. H. Prince Albert," 109 "New Version of God Save the Queen," 114 "News from the Seat of War," 191 "Nil Nisi Bonum," 303, 336 "No Business of Ours," 218 "No Exhibition Rabble," 218 "No News from Paris," 216 Notes of a Journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo, 99, 101, 105, 118-19, 128, 321,361 "Notes on the North Whatd'ye-callem Election," 4950, 68-71



Index

Index

"Ode to Sibthorpe, by the Poet Laureate," 108 "Ogres," 345 "Old England for Ever!" 155 "On a Chalk Mark on the Door," 342 "On a Hundred Years Hence," 344 "On a Joke I Once Heard From The Late Thomas Hood," 340 "On a Lazy Idle Boy," 336 "On a Medal of George the Fourth," 353 "On a Peal of Bells," 351 "On a Pear Tree," 351 "On Alexandrines," 352 "On Being Found Out," 343 "On Half a Loaf," 347 "On Lett's Diary," 10, 347 "On Men and Pictures," 68 "On Ribbons," 337 "On Screens in Dining-rooms," 338 "On Some Carp at Sans Souci," 352 "On Some Dinners at Paris," 181 "On Some Illustrated Children's Books," 122 "On Some Late Great Victories," 338 "On the French School of Painting," 47 "On the New Forward Movement," 159 "On Two Children in Black," 336 "On Two Roundabout Papers Which I Intended To Write," 345 "One 'Who can Administer to a Mind Diseased,'" 126 "Original Papers," 27-28

"Our Annual Execution," 44 "Our Batch of Novels for Christmas, 1837," 40 "Our Leader" (The National Standard), 27 Our Street, 149-51, 315, 361 "Oxford Public Oratory," 148 "Oysters in Your Own Basins," 114 "Palmer's Legs," 230 "Panorama of the Inglese," 230 "Paris Revisited," 180 "Parisian Caricatures," 45 "Peel at Toledo," 109 "PegofLimavaddy," 199 "Picture Gossip," 109 "Pictures of life and Character. By John Leech," 288-90, 364 "Polk's First Address," 107 "Pontifical News," 210 "PoorPuggy," 231 "Portraits from the Late Exhibition," 232 "Potage a la Cardinal," 216 Preface and short notices to Louis Marvy, Sketches After English Landscape Painters, 211 "Preparations for War," 109 "Professor Byles's Opinion of the Westminster Hall Exhibition," 145 "Promotion for Brougham," 120 "Proposals for a Continuation oflvanhoe," 126, 128 "Punch and the Influenza," 149 "Punch in the East," 105-06 "Punch to Daniel in Prison," 98 "Punch to the Public," 98 "Punch to the Queen of Spain," 146



390

"Punch's Fine Art Exhibition," 98 "Punch's Prize Novelists," 140-43, 145-47, 301, 365 "Punch's Regency," 114 "Punch's Tribute to O'Connell," 117 "Railroad Speculators," 109 "Ranke's 'History of the Popes,'" 54, 56-57 "Reasons Why I Shall Not Send My Son, Gustavus Frederic, to Trinity College, Cambridge," 112 Rebecca and Rowena, 196-98, 226, 309, 361-62 "Religious Persecution," 216 [Reminiscences of Weimar and Goethe], 292, 294 "Revolution in France," 100 "Ronsard to His Mistress," 119 "Roundabout Papers" 303, 306, 336-40, 342-49, 351-52 "Round About The Christmas Tree," 342 "Royal Academy," 123 " Royal Palaces. F. W. Trench," 131 "Royal Patronage of Art," 108 "Rules To be observed by the English People," 97 "Running Rein Morality," 98 "Sanitarianism and Insanitarianism," 167 "Scholastic," 113 "Science at Cambridge," 173 "Second Turkish Letter," 85 "Serenade," 114 "Servitude et Grandeur Militaires," 31 "Shameful Case of Letter Opening," 101

391

"Sibyl. By Mr. Disraeli, M. P.," 109 "Signs of a Move," 147 "Signs of the Times," 125 "Singular Letter from the Regent of Spain," 89 "Sketches and Travels in London," 301 "Sketches of English Character. By Mrs. Gore," 123 "Skimmings from The Dairy of George IV,'" 40 "Small Beer Chronicle," 192, 344 "Soldiering," 112 "Some Passages in the Life of Major Gahagan," 40 "Sonnick Sejested by Prince Halbert Gratiously Killing the Staggs at Sacks-CobugGothy,"115 "Sorrows of Werther," 273 "Souvenirs d'Antony," 31 "Speeches of Lord Brougham," 45 "Split in Conciliation Hall," 109 "Stanley's Life of Dr. Arnold," 97 "Steam Navigation in the Pacific," 43 "Stiggins in New Zealand," 110 "Strange Insult to the King of Saxony," 97 "'Strange to Say, on Club Paper,'" 354 "Strictures on Pictures," 42 "Stubbs's Calendar," 43-44, 67, 297-98, 362 "Sultan Stork," 72, 74 "The '82 Club Uniform," 107 "The Abdication of Don Carlos," 111



Index

Index

"The Adventures of Philip," 62, 340-51 "The Allegory of the Fountains," 109 "The Anglers," 150 "The Annuals," 43 "The Artists," 53 "The Ascot Cup Day," 110 "The Author of Pelham,'" 94 "The Ballad of Bouillabaisse," 180 "The Ballad of Eliza Davis," 201 "The Balmoral Gazette," 167 "The Battle of Limerick," 158 "The Bedford-Row Conspiracy," 49, 51-52, 67, 310 "The Blood-Stained Murderer," 14 The Book of Snobs, see "The Snobs of England" "The Cabbage Rose, Tamisier," 229 "The Cambridge Address to Prince Albert," 140 "The Charles the Second Ball," 222 "The Chest of Cigars," 111 "The Chronicle of the Drum," 63 "The Church on the Continent," 210 "The City of the Czar," 43 "The Clocks Again," 96 "The Commission of Fine Arts," 108 "The Country in Alarm," 210 "The Devil's Wager," 26 "The Dignity of Literature," 199 "The Dream of Joinville," 97 "The Ducal Hat for Jenkins," 91

"The End of Mr. Deuceace's History," 42 The English Humourists of the Eighteenth Century, 156, 213, 217-19, 221-25, 22932, 234-35, 239-49, 25167, 269, 308, 322, 359, 363, 366 "The Eureka," 111 "The Ex-King at Madame Tussaud's," 156 "The Excellent New Ballad of Mr. Peel at Toledo," 108 "The Excitement in Belgravia," 214, 216 "The Exhibition at Paris," 41 "The Exhibition of the Royal Academy," 123 "The Exhibitions of the Societies of Water Colour Painters," 122 "The Fashionable Authoress," 51 "The Firebrand Correspondence," 68 The Four Georges, 9-10, 46, 155, 194, 243, 267, 283, 294-306, 308-09, 311-18, 324, 332, 338-39 "The French Conspiration," 218 "The French Plutarch," 46 "The French Revolution," 39, 360 "The Georges," 115 "The German in England," 72, 76 "The Great Cossack Epic of Demetrius Rigmarolovicz," 47 "The Great Squattleborough Soiree," 176 "The Hampstead Road," 162



392

"The Heavies. Captain Ragg and Comet Famish," 127 "The Heavies. Captain Rag Dictating to Cornet Famish," 128 The History of Henry Esmond, 177, 195, 223, 225, 22728, 230-33, 235-58, 261, 269, 272, 287, 293, 316, 320, 350, 356, 366 The History of Pendennis, 13, 15, 162, 164, 168-71, 17476, 178-83, 186-92, 195, 198-200, 202-14, 220, 231, 233, 237, 267, 269, 284, 296, 335, 358, 365, 368 "The History of Queen Anne," 337, 341 "The History of Samuel Titmarsh and the Great Hoggarty Diamond," 44, 64, 67-68, 70-72, 159-60, 169-70, 180, 227, 318, 358 "The History of the Next French Revolution!" 92-95 "The Honour of the Bar," 106 "The Household Brigade," 131 "The Idler," 306 "The Irish Curfew Bill," 122 "The Irish Martyrs," 108 The Irish Sketch Book, 56, 5859, 63, 73, 76, 78-79, 8182, 83-85, 87,90,319, 361, 365 The Kickleburys on the Rhine, 162, 165, 171, 208-10, 212-15, 366 "The King of Brentford's Testament," 72 "The Knight of Garron Tower," 231 "The Knights of Borsellen," 63, 65

393

"The Lamentable Ballad of the Foundling of Shoreditch," 201 "The Last Fifteen Years of the Bourbons," 72-73, 76 "The Last Insult to Poor Old Ireland," 100 "The Last Irish Grievance," 233 "The Last Sketch," 197, 337, 358 "The Legend of JawbrahimHeraudee," 75 "The Legend of St. Sophia of Kioff," 47 " The Life of George Brummell, Esq.," 95 "The Life of John Sterling," 232 "The Lion Huntress of Belgravia," 208-10 The Luck of Barry Lyndon, 6869, 71, 86, 90, 92-96, 9899, 101-02, 104, 301, 309, 358 "The Mahogany Tree," 135 "The Meeting between the Sultan and Mehemet Ali," 127 "The Miraculous Cabbage," 229 "The New Peers Spiritual," 148 The Newcomes, 9, 170, 26794, 310-11, 316, 321, 338, 351, 356, 358, 362-63, 365 "The Notch on the Axe," 34849 " The Novitiate; or, a Year among the English Jesuits," 122 "The Old Duke," 119 "The Organ Boy's Appeal," 271-72 "The Painter's Bargain," 44



Index

Index

The Paris Sketch Book, 48-49, 50, 52, 54-57, 61 "The Partie Fine," 95 "The Pen and the Album," 242, 252 "The Persecution of British Footmen," 156 "The Pimlico Pavilion," 113 "The Poetical Works of Dr. Southey," 41 " The Poetical Works of Horace Smith/' 130 "The Portfolio," 158 "The Prince of Joinville's Amateur-Invasion of England," 97 "The Professor," 39 "The Proper Time for Public Executions," 196 "The Proser," 184, 204-07, 254 "The Queen's Bal Costume, or, Powder and Ball," 109 "The Real State of the Case," 210 "The Rhine [by Victor Hugo]," 73-74 The Rose and the Ring, 276-79, 285, 288-89, 366 "The Sabbath Question. To the Electors of the City of Oxford," 319 The Second Funeral of Napoleon, 62-66, 90, 362 "The Sick Child," 78, 80 "The Sights of London," 203 "The Smoke Nuisance," 204 "The Snobs of England," 12039, 170, 175, 191, 297, 358 "The Speaking Machine," 127 "The Stags," 114 "The Stars," 20

"The Story of Koompanee Jehan," 181 "The Story of Mary Ancel," 43 "The Tear," 13 "The Three Christmas Waits," 177 "The Three Kingdoms," 94 "The Three Sailors," 198 The Virginians, 251-52, 255, 262,267,295,316,318, 320-34, 340, 358 "The Water Colour Exhibitions," 84 "The Wofle New Ballad of Jane Roney and Mary Brown," 205 "The Wolves and the Lamb," 291, 332, 347-48 "The Wooden-Shoe and the Buffalo-Indians," 101 "The Worst Cut of All," 155 "The Yankee Volunteers," 214 "The Yellowplush Correspondence," 18, 3943, 64, 67, 238, 267, 300 "Thieves1 Literature of France," 80, 82 "Thorns in the Cushion," 338 "Thoughts on a New Comedy," 201 "Thunder and Small Beer," 214-15 "Timbuctoo," 14 "Titmarsh v. Tait," 121 "Titmarshfs Carmen Lilliense," 87,93 "To a Friend and Contributor," 335 " [To] Contributors and Correspondents," 348 "To Daniel O'Connell, Esq.," 97 "To Families Quitting Pimlico," 218 "To Genevieve," 14



394

"To the Chairmen and Members of the Local Committees" 319 "To the Electors of the City of Oxford," 318 "To the Free and Independent Snobs of Cambridge!" 14 "To the Napoleon of Peace," 100 "To the Readers of The Constitutional," 39 "Traitors to the British Government," 173 "Travelling Notes," 99, 104-05 "Travelling Romancers: Dumas on the Rhine," 75, 79 "Travels in London," 149-54, 156 " Travels in the Punjab. By Mohan Lai, Esq.," 122 "Tremendous Sufferings of the Household Brigade," 111 "Tunbridge Toys," 12, 339 "Turnbuirs Austria," 49, 52 "Two or Three Theatres at Paris," 180 "Tyler's Life of Henry V," 43 "Vanitas Vanitatum," 338 Vanity Fair, 18-19, 107, 109, 119, 126, 133-37, 139-54, 156-63, 165-66, 175, 17778, 183, 185, 214, 231, 239, 246-47, 261, 270, 340, 343, 356, 358, 361, 366 "Viscount Whiggington's Recal from the Government of Barataria," 216 "Voltigeur," 213 "Waiting at the Station," 202 "Wanderings of Our Fat Contributor," 99

395

"War between the Press and the Bar," 113 "Week Day Preachers," 31819, 323, 334-35 "What Has Happened to the Morning Chronicle?" 154 "What I Remarked at the Exhibition," 220 "What Mr. Jones Saw at Paris," 193 "What Should Irish Members Do in Regard to the Ten Hours' Bill?" 95 "What's Come to the Clubs?" 130 "Where are the HackneyCoaches Gone to?" I l l "Why Can't They Leave Us Alone in the Holidays?" 216 "Why did the 'America' Beat Us?" 228 " Woman: The Angel of Life," 25 "World's Fair Offer," 218 "X. Y. Z.," 147 "Yesterday; A Tale of the Polish Ball," 160 "You're Another," 108 "Young Ireland," 110 Thackeray, Mrs. William (nee Isabella Creagh), 4, 9, 3034, 36, 38, 41-43, 45, 47, 49, 53-54, 57-73, 75, 7778,83, 86, 93,96-97, 11618, 161, 167, 169, 179, 187, 230, 248, 350 Thiers, Louis Adolphe, 234 Thompson, Dr. Henry, 324 Thompson, John R., 323 Thresher, Mr. and Mrs., 10



Index

Index

Thwaits, Mr., 129 Ticknor and Fields, 301, 363 Ticknor, George, 302 Philip the Second, 303 Ticknor, Mrs. George [nee Anna Eliot], 303 Tilt, Charles, 42 Times, 39, 49, 52, 55, 58, 64, 83, 88, 135, 176, 214-15, 218, 258, 274, 291, 294, 336, 342, 350, 367-68 Titian [Tiziano Vecelli], 171, 180 Town Talk, 325 Trollope, Anthony, 334, 340, 344, 367 Brown, Jones, and Robinson, 344 Framley Parsonage, 334, 344, 367 Thackeray, 367 "W. M. Thackeray," 367 Trulock, Jane, 207, 239 Turgeniev, Ivan, 325 Turnbull, Peter Austria, 49 Turner, Rev. John, 11 Turner, Mrs. John, 11 Tussaud, Mme. 131 Van Dyck, Sir Anthony, 274 Venables, George Stovin, 222, 368 Victoria I, 38, 51, 162 Victoria Regia, 364 Vieuxbois, M., 53 Virtue, George, 346 Vizetelly, Henry, 129 Wailly, Armand de, 237 Walker, Frederick, 341-51, 354-55 Walpole, Horace, 271, 273 Letters, 271

Warburton, Eliot, 204 Ward, Edward, 282 Washington, George, 262, 27476, 300, 322-23 Webb, Capt. John Richmond, 293 Webb, Sir Henry, 51 Webb, Lt. Col. Richmond, 7 Wedderburn, Miss, 152 Weissenborn, Dr. Friedrich, 17, 227 Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of, 219 Wells, Edward, 256 Westminster Review; 57,74 Whitehouse, Edward, 254 Wikoff, Henry, 91 Wilberforce, Samuel [Bishop of Oxford], 222 William IV, 18, 38 Williams and Norgate, 170, 231, 233 Williams, Sydney, 233 Williams, William, 14, 16 Williams, William Smith, 147, 152 Willis, Nathaniel Parker, 49, 68, 111, 114, 116 Dashes at Life, 111 Wolfe, Gen. James, 330 Wood, George, 234 Worthington, James, 72 Wordsworth, William, 13, 205, 218 Wright, George, 42, 50 Wynne, Mrs. Robert (nee Eugenie Crowe), 142, 157 Yates, Edmund, 325-26, 329, 362, 364 Young, Rev. James Reynolds, 200 Young Men's Christian Assn., 297, 308



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