KOWA"IbE CEME"CTBO BpJI.n; JIll KaJK.n;hlH: BJIa.n;eJIeIJ, KOIIIKll ornaer ce6e OT xe'r, qTO .n;epJKllT B .n;OMe HaCTO...
12 downloads
225 Views
13MB Size
Report
This content was uploaded by our users and we assume good faith they have the permission to share this book. If you own the copyright to this book and it is wrongfully on our website, we offer a simple DMCA procedure to remove your content from our site. Start by pressing the button below!
Report copyright / DMCA form
KOWA"IbE CEME"CTBO BpJI.n; JIll KaJK.n;hlH: BJIa.n;eJIeIJ, KOIIIKll ornaer ce6e OT xe'r, qTO .n;epJKllT B .n;OMe HaCTOJIIIJ;ee XllIIJ;HOe JKI1BOTHOe. TeM He MeHee, 3TO TaK. l.{T06hl y6e.n;I1ThCJI B cnpaaenrnr BOCTI1 TaKOI'O YTBepJK.n;eHI1JI, .n;OCTaTOqHO nOCMOTpeTh aa KOIIIaqhI13y6hI. KaK I13BeCTHO 113 IIIKOJIhHOI'O xypca 300 JIOI'I1I1,
xaparcrepnsra npI13HaKOM OTpJI.n;a «XI1IIJ;Hhle » rcpyrrasre KJIhlKI1. OHI1 pa60TaIOT KaK JIe3BI1JI
JIBJIJIIOTCJI HOJKHI1I1"
paapeaaa MhlIIII1,hI 11 CYXOJKI1JII1,H JKepTBhI.
Tlpasna, OHI1 He CJII1IIIKOM 60JIh 3aTO .n;OBOJIhHO ocrpsre 11 XOpOIIIO aaxerusre.
KJIhlKI1 y KOIIIeK ec'ns! IIII1e, HO
Car-rsre
MOIIJ;Hhle KJIhlKI1 6hlJII1 Y BhlMepIIII1X MaXaH:
PO.n;OB 11 CMI1JIO.n;OHOB, KOTOphlX rtopoii Ha3hIBaIOT ca6 JIe3y6hlMI1 TI1I'paMI1.
Hx MOIIJ;Hhle «aytiasre KI1HJKaJIhI')
TOpqaJII1 113 BepXHeH: QeJIIOCTI1 aa
opynonarr, TaKllMI1 KJIhlKaMI1, KO OTKphIBaTh nacrs. KJIhlKI1
15 CM! ,IJ:JIJI TOI'O QT06hl
nazro 6hIJIO OQeHh IIII1pO
cafineayfisrx
TI1I'pOB 6hlJIll
CTOJIh BeJIllKll norosry, QTO 3Tll XI1IIJ;HllKll OXOTI1JII1Ch
Ca6Jle 3y6olu muep
~
JIzyap
KOWK~
4
na ,ll;peBHIIX TOJICTOKOmIIX HOCOpOrOB II nO,ll;06HhIX lIM 6POHI1pOBaHHhIX Tp aBO,H,ll;HhIX.
Conpesrennsre XIII.IJ;HIIKI1,ll;OBOJIhCTBYIOTC,H MeHee aa I.IJ;I1I.IJ;eHHOii ,ll;06hI"l.[eii , II KJIhIKII Y HI1X He TaKIIe rlIraHT CKIIe.
B
COBpeMeHHOM MIIpe CX O,ll;H h I e 3KO JIOrI1"l.[eCKlIe
neorrapzn,r , rertapzn.r fiapcsr, Terreps BHIIMaHI1e! Bee 3TlI xpyrnrsre
HIIIlIII 3aHlIMaIOT JI h B h I , rm-pr,t, II cnexcnsre
XIII.IJ;HI1KII OTHOC,HTC,H K ceMeii cTBy « K OIlIa "l.[h I1 » • Ha3Ba HIIe ronopn'r carao aa cefia.
Cpaay
CTaHOBI1TC,H nOH,HT
HhIM , -rro HaIlIII MypKII II 6apClIKII ,HBJI,HIOTC,H ,ll;aJIhHI1MII pOACTBeHHIIKaMI1 HaCTO,HI.IJ;IIX
cepseaasrx
XIII.IJ;HI1KOB,
KOTOphIX rr06aI1BaeTC,H ztaxce "l.[eJIOBeK.
C
IIX BeJIIIKOpOCJIhIMII C06paTh,HMII KOIlIeK P0,ll;HIIT
crroco6 OXOThI. KaK rmnryr B « xoura-n,n -
cepsearrsrx
cnpaao-nrmcax ,
Ha1I6oJIee cne:U;lIaJI1I31IpOBaHHhIe 1I3 ncex
Jl ee uuoe cesieiicmeo na sueaem csi npaiuios:
KOWKH
5
KOWAlIbE CEMEHCTBO Xl1~HbIX, BCeIl,eJIO
ea ee aa
npncnocofinenmae K ,n:06bIBaHl1IO :>Kl1BOTHOU nmrra rrpeasrymecrueaao rryrera cxpazrsrna HHJI, nonxapaynnnaaaa, 11 peace - rrpecneztoaanna CBO
r-rrr aa 'r
l1X :>KepTB'). Kor,n:a B ,n:OMaIIIHeU KOIIIKe rrpOCbIIIaIOTCJI
I q e CK H e
zrpenaae
en ap zisr pyrra sre
HHqerO He
H b I X HM
. Ha3Ba
: rr OH JI T
.l:b H IIM l1
lH U K OB ,
'1H l1 K a X , Il3 BCeX
nonoapeaaronraa rOJIy6JIM -
rronfiaparr.ca K cxpa
3TO 11ecrs
zrsmaane. MbICJIeHHO YBeJIliqbTe KOIIIKy B HeCKOJIbKO
paa, H nonyvare TOqHYIO xaprnny OXOTJI~eUCJIJIbBliIl,bI rreonapzta. Pa3JIl1ql1e JIHIIIb B paasrepax.
liJIl1
(ha
paaaaua
11 JIeJKHT B OCHOBe pa3,n:eJIeHl1JI cexreii
rpyrmsr, na zraa nozrce nee xpymrsre KOIIIKH Ml1pa,
CTBa KOIIIaqbliX na zrae 60JIbIIIl1e MeUCTBa.
p O,n:H H T
liHCTl1HKTbI, li OHa naxaaaer
B rrepsoe BXO,n:JIT
BO B'I'OpOe -
l1X «MeJIKOKaJIli6epHble ,> C06paTbJI.
:>Ke K KOIIIaqbliM OTHOCliTCJI OKOJIO
Bcero
36 Bli,n:OB. HeMaJIeHb
KaJI rrOJIyqaeTCJI ceraeiixa XBOCTaTblX XH~HIIKOB!
KOWA'U1~ POA ,1l;oMaIllHlIe KOIllKH OTHOC.HTC.H K pozry Felis. 9Ta rpynna BKJIIO-qaeT u;eJIhIR p.H,n; BH,n;OB. O,n;HH ll3 HHX 60JIhIlle rrOXOJKH na HaIllHX MypJIhIK, zrpyr-ae - MeHh me. IIoJKaJIyR, 60JIee ncero HarrOMHHalOT zroraam HHX JII06HMu;eB .necnsre eaponeficxne KOIllKH. OHH HeCKOJIhKO xpyrmee ,n;OMaIllHHX, HX rOJIOBa umpe , a 6YPoBaTo-cephIR Mex 60JIee rvcroa H nynracr-sra. BCTpeqaIOTC.H OHH B IllHPOKOJIHCTBeHHhIX rrecax 3a nanaoii Enpom,i, B MOJI,n;aBllH, na Kapna'rax , aa rore Vrcpanm«, na RaBKa3e II B Manon A3HH. Panee .necnsre esporrencxne KOIllKH scrpe-ranacs na repparopaa BceR
7
KOWAlfHH POA
BpIITaHIUf.
Teneps OCTaJIIICb TOJIbKO B cesepnoii IIIoT
JIaH,l:r;1I1I (K cesepy OT 3,l:r;IIHoypra II I'nasro). B3RTbI non
oxpany,
,D;IIKIIe
eaponeiicxne
KOiliKII MoryT
cicpeum
BaTbCR C ,l:r;OMaIlIHIIMII KOiliKaMII. IIosToMY STO He OT ,l:r;eJIbHbIH BII,l:r;, a pa3HOBII,l:r;HOCTb, IIJIII
nonnazt.
AljJpUIWHCIWR 30JlOmUCmaJl KOUlIW
:: . 3Ta v
-
H ll X
~.:.e H b
.. . Oan
.: .:. ~~ am
~ L1 pe,
:- ~ i1 .
3 a ::W. sor e
-""':-HbIe seeii
KOWK~
8
I'enapii - cascasi tiucmpan tcouuea llU ceeme
Ha TeppHTopX;UI APHKH 06H TaIOT
6
rrO)l;BH)l;OB CTerrHhIX arpprr
Y HHX KaMYQ:> psraceaaro-cepsni orcpac
KaHCKHX KOIIIeK. JIJDKHhIH
C nec-ransna, )KeJITOBaTO-cephIM HJIH TeMHo-cephIM OTTeHKOM. ApHKaH CKHe KOIIIKH OT JIH-qHO JIa3aIOT rro zte
pensasr, rne JIOBKO XBaTaIOT MeJIKHX Bopo6hHHhIX rrTHIJ;. Mor y-r TaCKaTh )l;OMaIIIHHX KYp. reHeTHKH c-qHTa IOT, -qTO HMeHHO 3TH KOIIIKH JlBJIJI IOTCJI HerrOCpe)l;CTBeHHhIMH npeznca MH KOIIIeK )l;OMaIIIHHX .
B
ApHKe BCTpe-qaeTCJI )l;pyroH
BH)l; )l;HKHX KOIIIeK -
30JIOTHCTaJl
aQ:>pHKaHCKaJl. 06HTaIOT OHH B )l;)KyH rJIJlX
8KBaTOpHaJIhHOH
IIHrMeH
ApHKH.
Kaxepyaa )l;eJIaIOT H3 XBOC
TOB 3TH X KOIIIeK aMyJIeThI,
xoropsre
JlKo6hI crroco6HhI rrpHHeCTH yzra-ry B O BpeMJI OXOThI.
B
AQ:>pHKe MO)KHO
KOWKH
KOWA'iHH POA
a na ceeme
9
BCTpeT11Th ratcxce cepsana. ,IJ;JI11Ha ero TeJIa BMeCTe C XBOCTOM .n;OCT11 raer norryropa MeTpOB. 8'1'11 .n;l1K11e KOlllK11 MoryT OXOT11ThC.H zraxce aa MeJIK11X aHT11JIOrr.
B
,ll;OJI11He H11JIa, na Tepp11Top1111
Ceaepnoii
HH,ll;l1l1 11 IIaK11cTaHa,
a TaKme B roro-aananaora K11Tae 0611TaeT KOT KaMhIllloBhIH, OH me xayc. 8'1'11 KOThI rrpexpacno cefia l:J:yBCTByIOT B 3apOCJI.HX TpOCTH11KOB 11 KOJIIOl:J:11X KycTapH11KOB rro 6epe raM perc 11 osep. ,IJ;peBH11e er-arrraae rrp11pYQaJI11 11X ,ll;JI.H OXOThI na BO,ll;O rrJIaSaIOI.I..1;l1X rrT11I.I;.
Cmennast a(jJpUIWHCIWJL ICOUllCa
KOWK~
10
B
IIHp;HJ1 p;JUI OXOTbI na MeJIKyIO P;H"Ib HCrrOJIb30BaJIH
KapaKaJIOB. 8TH p;HKHe KOIIIKH rrOXOiKH na CTpOHHyIO PbICb C KOpOTKOH IIIepCTbIO; yIIIH C P;JIHHHbIMH "IepHbI MH KHCTO"IKaMH. Ha TeppHTOpHH cenepo-aanaznroro KHTa.H H cenepo BOCTO"IHOH "IaCTH MOHrOJIHH MOiKHO BCTpeTHTb KHTaH CKyIO rOpHYIO KOIIIKy. IIop;yIIIe"IKH nan y nee r-ycro
onynrem,r,
KaK y rrYCTbIHHbIX KOIIIeK, rr03TOMY parrs
IIIe 3TOT BHP; 6bIJI H3BeCTeH KaK
nyc-rsraaaa
KOIIIKa.
Ha caMOM ztene OHH 06HTaIOT B CTerr.HX H npenropsax, rne pOIOT ce6e HOPbI.
Cep8aJl
J_
-
KOWKH
b 30 BaJU I
'poiirryro [ xep m,rI
cenepo
b hIlTaU
e-e rycTo
J pans ~ O ill K a .
.• Op h HX ,
Xayc -
IWMblUl06blU
tcom.
B MOHrOJUm 06I1TaeT KOT MaHyJI. B XVIII B.
OH 6hIJI
OIII-ICaH rryTemecTBeHHI1KOM III1TepOM Tlanaccora, rro STOMy MaHyJIa Ha3hIBalOT I1Hat.Ie rraJIaCCOBhIM KOTOM. OH He rrpncnocotinen K 6hICTpOMy 6ery, rroaroray B 0'1' KphIThIX CTerrHX rrpaKTI1t.IeCKI1 I1cTpe6JIeH, COXpaHI1JI CH JII1illh B npenropr.ax. Mex
y MaHyJIa r-ye-ron, aa
I160JIee rrYilll1CThIU cpezta scex rrpe,n;CTaBI1TeJIeU pozta
OWA~~~ PO~
8Ta KOIl HO H n.m CaMa
Ee aaas ceponar
IO~HMH
Ou;eJI ny BMec MeTpOB. pHKH.C H na aex
Y KapaJW JW
yUJU C KUCmOl{l. · ~ -HgO B:HU h H •
nxmo: -adn a Bll'od a
-n a xrs - 8 0~ 8
s.D.K~E
KOIJJI
_
-d ac - 1 -8£ •
-Bep go q.:.:s !r;)O_
' o..I - S lL ' _
- O ~ · .~
rs a :
KOWKH
34
B
,1J;peBHeM Er11nTe xounca CTaJIa CB.H:w;eHHbIM m11
ypoxcaa 11 ,n;OMalliHerO Bezn, no no,n;CqeTaM COBpeMeHHbIX cnell,11aJI11CTOB ozma KOlIIKa, OXOT.HCb na MbIlIIeil, cna caer OT H11X B rozt zto 10 TOHH aepna! He y,n;11B11TeJIbHO, qTO ztpenrrae er11nT.HHe yCTynaJI11 xormcavr ziopor-y aa
TET
y JI1111,a:x
BOTHbIM, OXpaH11TeJIbH1111,eil
KapaJIO
oxara. Eure
06 S' B 525 r
6bI!
paoaa I
IIepBbH
pezt
co6
CTpeJI.H'
HbIX mI
Kouuca nopoin« eeunemctcast May
IIoCJ
nor-py» 6p11BaJI
HOB, My
KOWKH
6ACTET
35
..1 mH
vnnuax
nmer-o
KapaJIOCb CMepTbIO.
e H H bI X
.ell , crra ezrs a o, I'Y na
H CTpOHJIH ,n;JIR HHX
06 STOM 06blt.Iae Y3HaJI
B 525
xparasr.
Y6HHCTBO KOiliKH
nepcancxari naps
KaM6H3.
r. zto H. 3. B 6HTBe C BOHCKaMH er-anercxoro epa
paona IIcaMaHHHTa OH rrpHMeHHJI BoeHHyIO XHTpOCTb.
Tlepasre
IIIepeHrH HacTyrraIOI..IJ,HX nepcos rrO,n;HRJIH rre
pezr C060H KOIIIeK, H erarrercxae JIyt.IHHKH He CMOrJIH CTpeJIRTb rro aparasr. OHH 60.lIJIHCb nonacrs B CBRI..IJ,eH HbIX mHBOTHbIX!
' a nopoau m CIW Jl M a y
IIocJIe KOHt.IHHbI KOiliKH OT CTapOCTH ee BJIa,n;eJIbIl,bI norpyacanncs B rpayp -
06pe3aJIH ce6e BOJIOCbI H BbI
6pHBaJIH 6pOBH. IIocJIe CMepTH KOIIIKy, KaK H rpapao HOB, MyMHqmIl,HpOBaJIH.
Cosperaenmae HCCJIe,n;OBaTeJIH
KOWK~
36
o6HapyJKHJIH IJ,eJIbIe KJIa,n;61IIIJ,a, COCTO.HIIJ,lIe Il3 xorna qbHX MyMlIH.
Cxer lIX nre.n na COTHli TbIC.Hq! panocr a II llJIO,n;OPO,n;lI.H
BorIlHIO COJIHIJ,a,
Er-an rOJIOBOH xorn B
re Ha3bIBaJIli BaCTeT 1I Il306paJKaJIIl C xn , 3HaMeHlITa.H « Knnr-a MepTBbIX » paCCKa3bIBaeT, qTO cvnpyr BaCTeT 60r COJIHIJ,a Pa rcaxczryro HOqb llJIbIBeT no nonaexmoray HIlJIY, qTo6bI BepHyTbC.H yTpOM K TOqRe aocxozta. KOBapHbIH 3M en: Anon, JKeJIa.H nor-y 61ITb fiora COJIHIJ,a, rrsrraerca BbIIIlITb Il3 pexn BCIO sozry.
5ACTET
'I'orzra H orpe: BBO
6bIJI pa
llOqHT8
CTO.HJIa
,n;HHKOI
peron I KYJI C.HqeJIe ,n;OH.3.
3arrpell BCeJKe
H 306p a JICe HUe ezu ne mc ico ii 60 2UHU Bacmem 8
euo e ICOU1ICU
H.3. qe
a aarere ,n;OMam
OKa3aJI
KOWK~
rcour a
Er-an
III ROIli
3hIBa e T, )'10 HOqh :sI yTp OM aa n o r y ~ IO sozry.
en ue H U Ba cm em --Ul K U
6ACTET
37
Tor-zra Pa npespanrae-rca B BeJU1ROrO PhDKerO KOTa II orpesaer 3Mew rOJIOBy. B BOCTOqHOll xacrn ,n;eJIhThI Ha.na B,n:peBHeM Er -arrre 6hIJI paCnOJIOmeH ropozt Bytiacrnc, rne 60rllHR BaCTeT no-raranacs ocooo. B rJIaBHOM CBR'rllJU1.w;e Bytiacrnca CTORJIa ee OrpOMHaR crarya. Bo BpeMR BeCeHHllX npas ,n;HllROB ee BhIHOCliJIli 113 xpaxra II npOB0311JIli B,n;OJIh 6e peron Huna na cnennansnoii JIO,n;Re. KyJIbT ROIlieR B Er'nrrre npo,n;OJImaJICR 60JIee ,n;BYX ThI CHQeJIeTlill II oqnmaam.ao 6hIJI OTMeHeH JIllIlih B 390 r. ,n;o H. 3.,n:O aroro BpeMeHII BbIB03 ROIlieR 113 CTpaHhI 6hIJI aarrpenien. O,n;HaRO nOCTeneHHO onoraanmennsre ROIliRl1. ace me CTaJIli rrponnxa-n, B llHhle 3eMJII1. B 1000 rozty zto H.3. -repea OCTpOB KPl1.T onn nonarra B ,n:peBHI111 Pl1.M, a 3aTeM nOCTeneHHO aacerrana Eaporry. B IV sexe no H.3. ztoxraumax ROIlieR 3aBe3JIli B HH,n;ll1O, a BeR cnYCTR onn ORa3aJIliCh yxce aa 'reppn'ropnn KliTaR.
-*'
KOWKIf1 BAPEBHEM PIf1ME IToMHlITe eplIJIbM rrpo xpacaanuy Kneorrarpy? OH, B LIaCTHOCTlI, paCCKa3bIBaeT 0 TOM, LITO ztpeanne PlIMJI.H He 3aBOeBaJIlI
Er-nrre'r II
OTHOCliJIlICb K 3Torr c r p a a e KaK
K caoeii XJIe6HOrr mliTHlIlJ,e. OHlI OTMeHlIJIlI aanper na BbIB03 KOIIIeK lI3 CTpaHbI epapaOHOB II CTaJIlI pa3B03lITb
csoen lIMrreplIlI . A npccrn panacs OHa B ee JIyt.rIIIlIe apexrena 0'1' Manoii A3lIlI zto rep paropna cospereenaoa JIa
scr yrnrr xa . n ue eetca rn a cuu m an u eHu e.M, 3JL a
~ 1
MAH3 KH H3K MAH3K~
H3KO
TH B JH
IIoRBJII B 5IrroHHH KOUIKH rrORBHJIHCh B
naxane VI aexa, Hx
3aBe3JIH H3 KHTaR. BHalIaJIe OHH cozrepxcanact, TOJIhKO B ,n;OMax
anoncrcojt
neparopcrcosr
3HaTH. KOUIKa, BhlpaIIJ;eHHaR B HM
co crap
OHa pa
paa
)10
,n;BOpIJ;e, ClIHTaJIaCh aecs sra ztopor'me H
BCKOpE
XUI serca, y KOUIeK B 5IrroHHH rrORBHJIaCh Heo6hIlIHaR panora. ,IJ,eJIo B TOM, lITO B no BpeMR B crpane 6hIJIO paasepavro rrpOH3Bo,n;CTBO
6JIHma
KaK6hI
UIeJIKa. KaK H3BeCTHO, ,n;eJIaJIH ero, pa3MaThIBaR KOKO
Y3HaB (
IJ;eHHhIM rroztapxovr. HalIHHaR C
HhI
A
rvcenan -
TaK Ha3hIBaeMhIX UIeJIKOBHlIHhIX xepaeii.
HMH 6hIJIH COBceM He
rrponr,
rrOJIaKOMHThCR MhIUIH.
aazm ae
rrOTRH~
MOTpe'I
1
TyT-TO RrrOHIJ;hI H BCrrOMHHJIH, lITO KOUIKaMH MomHO He
,n;HBO.
TOJIhKO JII06oBaThCR. BHalIaJIe COBeTHHKH HMrrepaTopa
lIeHHy:B
peUIHJIH, lITO ,n;JIR orrryr-ananna MhIUIeH 6y,n;eT ,n;OCTaTOlI
BErrOH
nej
HO H306pameHHR KOUIeK. O,n;HaKO MhIUIell 3TH KapTHHKH
TOll
HHlIYTh He rryramr. IlpHUIJIOCh KOUIKaM rrO-HaCTORIIJ;eMy
JIHCMal
B3RThCR aa ,n;eJIo.
C aroro BpeMeHH KOIIlKH
B 5IrroHHH CTa
me H3,n; ,
JIH mHTh He TOJIhKO aa CTeHaMH ,n;BOPIJ;OB. B COBpeMeHHOH 5IrroHHH B BHTpHHax MHorHX Mara3H HOB BhICTaBJIeHhI cPHrypKH KOTa C rro,n;HRTOH .aarroii. 8TO MaH3KH H3KO -
B
nepenozre
C
arroncxoro
KOT ». Ero »cecr KaK 6hI 3aMaHHBaeT
ClIaCThE
JIa
npn
MOP,n;O~
«MaHRIIJ;HH
B,n;OMH
noxyrra-rerreji 3aH-
ClIaCThE
45
MAH3KH H3KO
'I'M B
JIaBO~KY
H c,n;eJIaTb IIOKyIIKM.
IToRBJIeHHe8TorOCHMBOJIaCBR3aHO
:e K a .
Hx
CO CTapMHHOM RIIOHCKOll JIereHAoll.
) T OJI b K O
OHa paCCKa3bIBaeT 0 KOllIKe, KOTO
aa
pas nK
30 BpeMJI
tacm un.nen ueu K OUl K U 06bl'lH O y m K H y 6 Ul u Cb
t K OU 6 JlCU60m
BORHhI 3 T a cnoc06HOCTh cnac.na He oznry l.J:eJIOBel.J:eCKYlO :>K113Hh. AHrJII1l.J:aHe ztaxce Y l.J:p ep;I1JI ll cneuaam.nyro Me P;aJIh P;JIJI
xonrex-cnacarenen.
pOBaHhI CJI OB a
«MhI
Ha HeR 6hIJIll
TO:>Ke CJIy:>KllM pozmne . •
HaKOHeIl" MHorHe aeprrr, qTO KOIllKH porno
asrrpaaa
rrpezrcrcaasraa-n, rrorozry. B
cnocofiasr
xo
crapmry aHrJIllRCKHe
rroaeztenmo KOTa na rcopafine CYP;llJIll 0 ne norozrsr aa Mope. E CJIll OH arpaer n a 60pTy KO pa6JIJI, 31'0 rrpezraeutaer serep B crrrmy II P;O:>KP;h B JIllIl,O. ECJIH KOT CHP;llT c n a n o ri K or-arc, 3Hal.J:HT, CKOpO fi yzte'r MOpJIKH no peraene
IllTOpM. E CJIH KOT MoeT aa ymaran, CKOpO HatIHyTCJI 06HJIhHhle P;O:>KP;H.
B nanre BpeMJI He 6e3 OCHOBaHllJI CtIHTaeTCJI, tITO eCJIH KOIllKa CBepThIBaeTCJI KJIy6KOM HJIH cmrr', y1'KH yBIllI1Ch MOPP;OtIKOR B :>KllBOT, -
31'0 K MOP03 Y HJIll aenorozre.
ECJIH KOIllKa crnrr 6plOXOM xsepx y -
31'0 K TenJIy llJIH
xcape. KOIllKa JIll:>KeT XBOCT K HeHaCThlO 11P;0:>KP;1O, crepe 6e T .na n a vm crea y-> K II MOeTCJI -
aerroroxceray
serpy, JIH:>KeT .nany
K xoporneji norene. IlOHa6JIlOp;aRTe aa CBO
eR KOIllKOR -
HaCKOJIhKO c6hIBalOTCJI 3TH npHMeThI?
YJlbI6'U1BbIVi 6P~TAHEU. O;:J;l1H H3 nepconaaceit rrOBeCTH aHrJIHHCKOrO MaTe MaTHKa H rrHCaTeJI.H Jlsronca He "LIy,D;ec » -
yMeeT paaroaapaaar-s, -
Y aroro
Kapporrna
(,AJIHCa B crpa
rOBOp.HIIJ;HH LIeIIIHpCKHH KOT. To, "LITO OH He ,D;HBO, Bce-TaKH CKa3Ka!
KOTa ,D;pyra.H 3arrOMHHalOIIJ;a.HC.H oco6eHHOCTb.
OH yMeeT paCTBOp.HTbC.H B B03,D;yxe. ITPH STOM ero IIIH pOKa.H yJIbI6Ka HC"LIe3aeT rrOCJIe,D;HeH. OTKY,D;a y
Kappon.na
B03HHK TaKOH ofipaa? ECTb JIH
Y LIeIIIHpcKoro KOTa peamsn srii npo'toran? Bo nperae na, KOr,D;a KsppoJIJI IHICaJI CBOlO 3HaMeHHTylO CKa3KY, B rparpc'rae "lJeIIIHp xopouro 6bIJIa H3BeCTHa nor-onopxa : ('yJIbI6aTbC.H, KaK "LIeIIIHpCKHM KOT ».
Hexoropsre
C"LIHTalOT, "LITO pO,D;HJIaCb OHa 6JIaro,D;ap.H
3HaMeHHTbIM "LIeIIIHpCKHM KpyrJIbIM BepXHOCTH
nercoropsre csrponapsr
BpO,D;e yJIbI6KH, a casr
csrp
csrpavr.
Ha HX rro
H306paJKaJIH He"LITO
HarrOMHHaJI xpyr.nvro KOIIIa
"LIblO MOp,D;y. ITo zrpyron BepCHH, B
XIX
aerce B LIeIIIHpe
pa60TaJI HeKHH Xy,D;OJKHHK, KOTOpbIM pa3pHCOBbIBaJI BbIBeCKH Ha,D; MeCTHbIMH JIaBKaMH. "Iacro OH H306paJKaJI na HHX MOP,D;bI JIbBOB,
rcoropsre
HarrOMHHaJIH IIIHpOKO
YJIbI6alOIIJ;HXC.H KOTOB, 3a3bIBalOIIJ;liX rroxynare.neii. HaKoHeII,
caxroe
rrpocroe
06'b.HCHeHHe
-
KOTbI
rparpcrue "lJenmp ,D;eMCTBliTeJIbHO YMelOT YJIbI6aTbC.H! Bens pe-n, nzre'r 0 KOHKpeTHoM rropczte - TaK naasmae B
MOM 6pliTaHCKOH KOpOTKOIIIepCTHOH xounce.
Y aee IIIli
pOKa.H xpyrnas MOp,D;a, na KOTOpOH B caMOM ,D;eJIe "LIaCTO MOJKHO 3aMeTliTb He"LITO BpO,D;e y JIbI6KH. I1ccJIe,D;oBaTeJIH C"LIHTaIOT, "LITO TaKlie KOTbI H KOlliKH JKHJIli yxce B ,IJ;peBHeM PHMe. PHMJI.HHe 6PaJIH HX C C060M na Kopa6JIH, "LITo6bI yHH"LITOJKaTb KpbIC H MbIllieH. TaK YJIbI6"L1HBbIe KOTbI nonann na repprrropnro , 'ITO OH CKa3Ka! ~HHOCTb.
ero nmECTb JIIf ) sperae CKa3KY, 'OBopKa: aro.n;apfl .a If X rro :ll He'ITO
xonra Herrmpe K)
:OBbIBaJI >op am aJI uraporco
erreii . - KOTbI ;roaTbCfl !
aasmae nee urn ne 'IaCTO
[ x onnc n
c cofioii eii , TaK ,1I1l , 1.
KO
Mezc
carror ax H 3TOHe oco6oi1: H U H IWUlKa ~
"l.{TO
nopoo»i iuapmp es
KOWKU
PyCH? :
nren, pc
I1CTO MOJRHO
Ha.H C X .nerenns X03.HHC '
sparos 1
8TO ere
B o6ga3l
BepHOCTbIO caoexrv X03.HHHY. OHH r OT OBbI CJIe,n;OBaTb aa HHM rro
naraa,
CJIOBHO npezraaaaa cooaxa.
I13 paHIJ;HH KOTbI C KpyrJIbIMH MOp,n;aMH, KOpOTKOH nrepcr'sro H KOpOTKHMH KperrKHMH .nanavm rrepe6pa JIHCb B AHrJIHIO. IIpoH30llIJIO 3TO He TaK ,n;aBHO ro HeCKOJIbKO BeKOB Ha3a,ZJ;. A B KOHIJ;e XIX B
1871
nee
nexa, T01.JHee
r., 6pHTaHcKHe KOpOTKOllIepCTHbIe 6bIJIH rro
Ka3aHbI na rrepaoii oc}:>HIJ;HaJIbHOH BblCTaBKe rropozr KO
llIeK.Co6~THe3To6~JIo3HaMeHaTeJIbHoe.IIpoxo,n;HJIO OHO B llIHKapHOM BbICTaB01.JHOM rraBHJIbOHe, CKOHCTpy HpOBaHHOM B JIOH,n;OHCKOM I'aazt-napxe apXHTeKTopOM
):(JR. ro aa
nee 3,5 MeC.HIJ;a . AHrJIH1.JaHe Ha3BaJIH 3TO coopyacenne
IIaKcToHoM aa HeBH.n;aHHO KOPOTKHH CpOK -
XpYCTaJIbHbIM ,n;BOPIJ;OM.
Kounor-uraprpeasr npnarrexa
JIH B HeM sceofiutee BHHMaHHe rry6JIHKH.
B nanreri crpa
He 6pHTaHCKHe KOpOTKOllIepCTHble KOllIKH rrO.HBHJIHCb eme rr03JRe -
yxce BO BTOPOH rrOJIOBHHe XX sexa.
PYCCKASI rOnY6ASI
T.I TO Eoiutcu. nopoiiu uiapmpes
H3BeCTHO 06 I1CTOPI1H IIOHBJIeHI1H rconrex aa
pYCI1? KaKyIO
trreft ,
rropozry
MomHO Cl.J:I1TaTb I1CKOHHO
na
pOCCHRCKOR?
ymepacaaror, l.J:TO yIIoMHHaHHH 0 xouncax na-m C XIII sexa . B CKa3Kax roro BpeMeHI1 IIOHBJIHeTCH
I1CTOpHKI1
MomHO HaRTH B CTapl1HHbIX PYCCKI1X JIeTOIII1CHX HaH
JIereH,ll;apHbIR KOT-6aIOH. OH IIOMOW;HHK He TOJIbKO IIO X03HRCTSY, HO H B paTHbIX
s par-on KpeIIKI1R
COR I1JII1
zrenax. Moxcer
HaCJIaTb
na
ztaxce IIOpa3l1Tb I1X a acerepr r..
Anexcaanp Cepreeaax IIymKHH KOTOp b IR «nee XO,ll;I1T IIO uerra xpyrosr» .
81'0 ero H306pa3HJI B
otipaae
KOTa,
PYCC IWJl
eon uoa»
/CO ui IW
~OBaTb
aa
:OpOTKOR
repefipa 0-
see
1,TOl.J:Hee bIJIH IIO
opozr KO
)XO,ll;HJIO
:OH CT p y ~KTOPOM
-\ -
Bce
iyxcemre I1BJIeKa
eii crpa
iBIIJI I1 Cb
'Ra .
PYCCKASI
ron
IIpaB,IJ,a BOKpyr
BHa l.J THQeCKI CTO.HTeJl CTaHOBP. Ee 6epe CY,lJ,e6HI HHe KOI
BXVIBI He3HaTI .HBJI.HeT( H
rconrei
CTaJIam
re: «Ha I1JIH:
«1
JIro61 II,eB B Hi
KHM na:
I1CTE 6yro.
ICc
YHHX /.
OTJIHBOJ
OHH
JIK
THXH ,3
CYlII,1 HCXOm,ll
3aBe3JII1 Kpa.HX C TeIleHH( MeXOM I TKOM.E IIO,ll;] MHKaQE C KOTOp HH CKpE rycToH
~ PYCC K Ml ZOJ.
PYCCKAS1 rol1Y6ASI
ITpaB,ZJ;a, B HapO,ZJ;HbIX CKa3amUIX KOT-6aIOH 6PO,n;lfT He noxpyr ,n;y6a, a aoxpyr MeJIbHlfIIbI, HO 3TO yxce zrerana. Baaxane rcounca aa PYClf 6bIJIlf mlfBOTHbIMlf 3K30 TlflIeCKlfMlf If ztopor-araa. Hx ,n;epmarrlf TOJIbKO JIIO,ZJ;lf CO CTOJITeJIbHble. O,ZJ;HaKO yxce K XIV sercy rconnca aa PYClf CTaHOBlfTCJI ,ZJ;OCTaTOlIHO pacnpocrpanennsrvr mlfBOTHbIM. Ee 6epeT nozt CBOIO 3aIIIlfTY IIepKOBb, lITO orpaxceno B cy,n;e6HlfKe «IT pasocy ,ZJ;be MlfTpOrrOJIlflIbe,>. 3a xmne nne rconncn Ha3HaQaeTCH KpyrrHbIM: ,n;eHemHbIM:lllTpaep. Bxvfie-Kerrpaao nepacari, ,ZJ;OMa KOlllKY rrOJIYlIaIOTJIIO,ZJ;lf neaaarmae If HelfMeHlfTble. B pyCCKOM epOJIbKJIOpe rro JIBJIJIeTCJI MHomeCTBO rrOCJIOBlfII If norosopox rrpo KOTOB If xomex. Hexoropsre lf3 anx rOBopHT 0 TOM, lITO xomrca CTaJIana PYClf carehIM 06hIQHhIM mlfBOTHbIM. ITOCJIYlllaH Te: «Ha ztaope MHoro CKOTa - Tplf cofiaxn, zma KOTa ,>. llJIlf: «Bor ar Epxonnca - c06aKa,ZJ;a rconnca». JII06orrbITHO, lITO B KyJIhType PYCCKlfX crapoofipazt IIeB B naxarre XVIII serca ycaTbIIl KOT 6bIJI carnpnuec KlfM HaMeKOM na Tlerpa I. Hcr anno «u a nreii : MomHO ClIlfTaTh pyCCKyIO rOJIy 6yIO. Konreic 3TOM: nopozrsr eIIIe Ha3bIBaIOT clf6lfpCKlfMlf. Y nnx ,ZJ;eM:CTBlfTeJIbHO Mex C KpaClfBbIM rOJIy6oBaThIM OTJIlfBOM! Y PYCCKlfX ro.nyfisrx BeCbMa rrplfJITHbIM: apas. Oan JII06orrbITHhI, HO He Ha30M:JIlfBhI, o6IIIlfTeJIhHhI If TlfXM, 3aCTeHlIMBhI If npaaaaansr K X03HMHY. CYIIIecTByeT HeCKOJIbKO rrpe,ZJ;rrOJIOmeHMM: 06 nx rrpo acxoacnenan. B03MomHo, npezncon rcornerc 3TOM: nopozrsr 3aBe3JIM B CI1611PhKa3aKI1. KaK 113BeCTHO, KJIMMaT B 'rex KpaJIX CYPOBbIM:, MOP03bI 3lfMOi1: rcpemcne. IT03TOMY IIOC 'renemro cM6npcKlfe xouncn otiaaaenncs r YCThIM TerrJIhIM MeXOM na TOJICTOM: «IIO,ZJ;KJIa,ZJ;Ke ,> - IIJIOTHbIM nomnepc TKOM. B TaKoi1: O,ZJ;emKe nmcaxne MOP03bI He crpaurasrl ITo ,ZJ;pyrOM: aepcan, cnfiapcrcaa nopona 06JI3aHa CBOI1 Mlf KalIeCTBaMM,ZJ;lfKlfM JIeCHhIM KOTaM (Felis silvestris), CKOTOPhIMI1 ztoraaunrae tcourxn MOrJIlf BpeMJI OT npexre HI1 CK p eIIIlfBaThCJI. Y «,n;I1Kapei1: ,> Mex OT IIpMpO,ZJ;hI 6hIJI r-ycroii n TerrJIbli1:. HaKoHeII, TpeTbe IIpe,ZJ;rrOJIOmeHl1e ~
Pucctcan eoiuj tiasi tcouuca
65
KOWKH
66
CBO,1l;I1TCH K TOMy, l:JTO 6JIll:>KaHlIlHMH pO,n;CTBeHHHKaMH «cH6HpHKOB » HBJIHIOTCH nepcnncxae KOlIlKH.
Bnenme
OHH ,n;eHCTBHTeJIbHO nOXO:>KH. KaK H3BeCTHO, B crapnny IO:>KHee HCTOKOB CH6HpCKHX perc rrpoxonnrr 3HaMeHHTbIH IIIeJIKOBbI:H rryr s. ITo HeMy TOBaphI lIlJIH H3 KHTaH B ITepcHIO. He HCKJIIOl:JeHO, l:JTO BMeCTe C HHMH B CH6llph MOrJIH rrorrac'rs H KOlIlKH C
Bocroxa, I1x
CKpeI..I.J;HBaHHe
C MeCTHbIMH «ycaTbIMH-nOJIOCaThIMH » H CepOpMHpOBaJIO HOByIO nopozry.
B
06I..I.J;eM, CrreIJ;HaJIHCTaM no HCTOpHH B03HHKHOBe
HHH rropozt KOlIleK ec'rs Ha,l]; l:JeM
rrOJIOM~Th
rOJIOBy.
lIHocTpaHHhIM JII06HTeJIHM KOlIleK aaura pyccxaa rOJIy6aH CTaJIa H3BeCTHa COBceM He,n;aBHO. ,l];a H B pozr HOM OTel:JeCTBe 3Ta rropona yrroxnraae'rca B nnreparvpe JIHlIlb CO BTOPOH nOJIOBHHbI zrarnpyerca
1860 roztora),
XIX nerca (nepsoe orracaane 1912 rozra KOpOTKOlIlepc
,l];o
THhIe KOlIlKH ronyfioro oxpaca na nsrcrasrcax
nsrcrynana
B O,n;HO:H xareropaa BMeCTe C 6pHTaHcKHMH KOpOTKO lIlepCTHbIMH KOlIlKaMH.
KaK OT ,n;eJIbHaH rropczra na
Me:>K,n;yHapo,n;HOM ypomre cH6HpcKHe rOJIy6bIe KOlIlKH OepHIJ;HaJIbHO 6hIJIH
npnanansr JIHlIlb B KOHIJ;e XX
sexa.
Ha Pycu KOUlKU nO.fU3UJlUCb / /-> 6 nasane XIII eexa ~
KOWKVI
HHKaMH
Bneunr e crapnay [e H H T h I H KHTa.H B CH6Hph ~HBaHHe
HpOBaJIO
liKHOBe OBY· pyccKa.H n B pOA
'epar ype rrHCaHHe
sourepc
cryrrana OpOTKO
pozra na : KOIIIKH
X sexa. !l.'lUCb
:a
smOHCK~E IiC
~nOHCK~E606TE~n~
JIOB,Ka
CIOp;a BO XBOCTe,
rroxop;K
1I 6eCXBOCThle KOIIIKlI P;OJI,iKHhI Ka3aThC.H KaKlIMlI-TO lIH
C MaJIef
BaJIlIp;aMli lIJIli yponaenr. Ha caMOM zte.ne, HlIYIerO no
aaznrne
Ka3aJIOCh 6hI, rrOJIOBliHa KOIIIaYIheM
xpacsr B
ztofiaoro! KOIIIKlI 6e3 XBOCTa He TOJIhKO COXpaH.HIOT
BO-B'
CBOIO rpaIJ;lIIO, HO 1I yp;lIBlITeJIhHYIO crroco6HOCTh npn
6ecxBOC
3eMJI.HThC.H aa nee YIeThlpe
.narrsr
npn naneaan.
Onn BhI
3hIBaIOT nceotinryro JII060Bh B Mlipe. Ha3hIBaIOT'KOIIIeK TaKOM
rropozrsr
Cpaay
606TeMJIaMli.
narro Cp;eJIaTh zrse
//
oroaoprcn. v'Bo-nepasrx ,
XBOCT y 606TeMJIOB nee-rarer ecrs. TOJIhKO OH MaJIeHh KliM. IIpep;cTaBJI.HeT C060M HeYITO npozte 3a.HYIherO nora rron-rmca.
Ilpasna,
B OTJIlIYIlie OT 3aMIJ;a, y 606TeMJIOB KO
POTKlIM XBOCTliK CJIerKa 3aKpyYIeH. Ha STOM cpanaeana C 3aMIJ;eM He 3aKaWIlIBaIOTC.H.
Bazume
Horli y 606TeM-
BOM MHC HXTaK HeHlIIO
smOHCKHE 606TE~l1bl
JIOB, RaR H
y
69
3aiIII,eB, neranoro .n;JIHHHee rrepezmnx. OT
CIO.n;a B03HHRaeT JII06orrhITHa.H XBOCTe,
II - T O HH
rer o
rro
p a H .HIO T
«rrpHTaHII,OBhIBaIOIII,a.H »
noxoznca :3THX ROIlIeR. Bo6TeiIJIa eIII,e MO:>KHO cpasrrarr, rcenrvpy. Kor-na :3TOT ROT rrpsrraer-, ero aaznnre JIaIIhI RaCaIOTC.H 3eMJIH pam.me nepezmnx! C MaJIeHhRHM
BO-BTOphIX, B Mllpe CYIII,eCTByeT HeCROJIhRO IIOpO.n;
:T h rrpn
6eCXBOCThIX ROIlIeR -
8 H H BhI
BOH: MHorHe COTHH, a TO H ThIC.Hqll JIeT :>KllJIH B HIIOHllH.
r ROIlIeR
IIx
TaR II Ha3hIBaIOT -
606TeH:JIOB. ITpe.n;CTaBllTeJIH rrep
.HIIOHCRlle 606TeH:JIbI. ITo cpas
HeHllIO C KWTaeM B c'rapmry B HrroHHII ROIlIRII 6hIJIll
W p BhI X ,
..f aJI e H h
sro nora ~ iIO B RO-
LBH e H H .H 6 0 6 T e iI
JI nOHCICUU tioomeicn
KOWK~
70
pe,n;KllMli mliBOTHhIMll, rcoropsre cozrepacarracs TOJIhKO B ,n;OMaX apliCTOKpaTOB II aaxorro-msrx rnozteit. He y,n;ll BllTeJIhHO, "llTO He TOJIhKO caxra KOIIlKa, HO II ee uaotipa
cnoeotipaamare Espone, B .Hrro
meHl1e CTaJIO CtIliTaThC.H B STOM crpane TaJIliCMaHOM. KaK II B CpelJ;HeBeKOBOM
Hlill KOIIlKli He nafierJIll 06BllHeHllM B CB.H3ll C TeMHhIMli ca.naxrn. IIPlilIeM CliJIhI STll, rro BepOBaHll.HM cocpeno-raxaaanncs B
rconra-n.en
anonuea,
XBOCTe. 3TO y6em,n;e
nne rrpnae.no K 06hI"llaIO o'rcexars STY "llaCTh TeJIa y Hll B "lleM He rrOBlIHHhIX ycaThIX-rrOJIOCaThIX.
Crcopee
see
ro, lIMeHHO STO 06CTO.HTeJIhCTBO C03,n;aJIO MOlJ;y na KO POTKOXBOCThIX rcourerc 606TeHJIOB, PO,n;llHOH KOTOphIX C"lllITaeTC.H .HrroHlI.H. Bo BTOPOM rrOJIOBliHe XX serca avrepmcaaxa ,IJ;my,n;lI Kpoyqiopz; npnseana B CIIIA 6eCXBOCThIX .HrrOHCKliX KO mere II B 1968 r. OCHOBaJIa rrllTOMHllK lJ;JI.H nx paasezte Hll.H. Beporrrno, no-rm nee aMepllKaHcKHe ,6