coAEPXAHT/E OT
as t opa. . .. . . r . . r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r ........o o ...o ...r ...
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coAEPXAHT/E OT
as t opa. . .. . . r . . r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r ........o o ...o ...r ..............................
2
M u$ n e p n uf i: K pac or a re o p I4 I4 ................ 3 ...,............. & luS n ro p o f i: noc t oggc rB o c Ko p o c r? I c Be ra ..r........o................... 8 M uS rp e ruf t : c or paueH H e a fi l l H ................r......,. ..... .,.........,.....I4 Mn$ rre reepr blf t : B ogpa c ra H u g M a c c b l ...............r....o...........,.... 19 M r, rS n a ru t , uut " ar r " t lle g p e M e H I4 .......................................... 23 Mu$ urecrofi : none ABuxyltll4)(cg €tapgAoB.....................6..,...... 27 Mt a$ ce a rvof t : none aB ID Ky u IIT )G Ma g c c ,.................................. 33 Mn$ e o ca v of i: npuuuun o rH o c I4 T e IIb H o c r? I........ .........................' 3 7 Mn$ a e e n r uf i: npuHuHn g KB I4 Ba IIe H T H o c rI{ .,..... .....r....................40 MuS aecx rrrft : v ate pItarrI{BM TeopI4I{ ornocnTenbHocrl4....... ......,. 4 5 flocn e cn o gI 4e. . . . . . . . . . . 5O ..,.e ............r....r.. .................... I lure p a typ 8- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .r......r............................ ...........r......51
Aeirncoe Anercefi AHaronueewq MI4ObI TEOPI4I4 OTHOCI4TEIIbHOCTI4 Pegaxrop T. Mopunn6r{a. TexH. peAaxTop II. Aycerore Pyxo n n cr r oc r y nnna 2 5 .1 0 .8 8 . fl o A n n c a u D B [ er{ arb OO,Ot.89. nB OOOOO . Q opv ar 6 O x 8 4 /1 6 . Ey r' r. T a n . N e t. V cn.neq.n. . 3, 25 . Aa r, n. 2, 5O . V q .-n s A .n . 2 ,5 6 . T ra p a x S OOOO er< e. 3axas
oooo. IIUTTHVILIHTI4. Brnururoc-lCfl-S, Q. .[.eepxrHcxoro, 3 232659, OrneqaranD poranpi{rrroM B Lleurpe Hayquo-Texulllrecrofi nH(popMa\ww w nareHTnblx ycrlyr. 232OOO, BrnuHrcc, Toropro, 27 M. Sumausko sp. UZsak.499.
OT ABTOPA He cyvee B roHoc'tl4 oroflerb [peMyApoc'rb napaaoKcoB Teopun oruocr4'TerrbHoc'ttl, aBTop 6rrn nl*:;nraen ueo6pecT u co6creeHH)'to I4HSopvauuouH)'io 'reopl4io, Koropas Bce orl4 roAbl rlooaollstra eMy ycIIeurHo cfipaBrrsrr,cs c gaAarlaMu npo$ecclrosarugsofi AeflTenbHoc'n4 B corilacr4l4 c norraroft tl GApaBbIMcMbIciIoM. OAuaro MuoroqucneHnble noirbrrKlr cAena'rb g'Ty reoprto Aoc'rosHtleM uay"nioft o6urec'reeHHoc'rl4 BcTpe'fl4wr co c'IopoHbr BeAyurux $uau.recriax (ra $nnoco$crxe'r oKagarbcs noneenofi rar 6ecroplrcrHbtM r4cKar€rrffM I{c'TI4Hbr, TaK fi pe',MBbIM OXpaIrl{'TerIsM pells'fl48I{3Ma, eroft Koropbre nottyqaioT urauc flporretl'rs ce6s Ha HI4Be paeo6naueilus
"x?rrpoyvuotl npofrauauuu".
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eno xanrH or? eacnyroft cneul4arrbnofi reopuu o,rHocllr:renbHocrr{ (CTO) cql4Tae,rcrr coeAvuerrl{e upr4nur4na orHocuTerrbHocTtr ?r iloc,rv_ rrara o nocrorrHcrBe cKopoc,tu cBe'ra e ruo6rlx Fam4neeBbrx cr,rcr€_ Max orcqeta. Mexay 1eM TaKoe coeAI4HeHI4e coBepueHgo ecTecT_ BeHHo I4 aalKe TpilBI4aIILHo, nocKolrbKy IrpI4HuI4norH@HT€rrbH@,rE B TepMI{Hax I4 nonrrr%rrx Hatla[a XX eexa ogHaqaeT He rryo nHoe KaK HeBOSMO)KHOCTb ny'teM ua6ruoAeHrg nro6ux $uou.recrcr.rxnpoueccoB o6napyrxurt a6coniomoe ABld{eHfier,r.e. EBld)r{eHI4e ua6ruoAarr:nrr or_ HocHTenbHo Mr4poBoro eoHpa, pacnpocrpaHeH?re cBera e e$r,rpe oAI4H I'I3 TaKI'Ix flpoueccoB, 'raK qro pae[I4qHafl el.o cKopocrb Ans HenoaBl4xHoro o?Hocu,teirono eSupa Lr ABr{xyuerocs na6ruoAarelrer? flprrMo npcrrl4Bopeqt4na6tr npvHul4rry orHocHTeIrbHocTl4o Apyroe geno {uen.IecKarr rpaKToBKa groro ilpt4Hul4na, Ko'oparr Mo)KeT 6lttr Aeosxoft: nv6o B paMKax HbrorogoBcrorZ vexanr{Ktr KaK KaXyIlIeI.OCs rrB[eHr4q (apresaxra) c otrrcraHlreM flpouecca, KoMneHcup)rrouero e$$eKT c[o)KeHus crcopocr.eft cBera u sa6ruoAare[s; nu6o rax Aeftctefitenbnoro nocrorrHc,rBa cKopoc,rfi cBera e ruo6rrx cI4creMax orcrrera c ueHe6exHbrM o,rpl4qaHl{eM ssr,rpa rar snauvecrort pealrbHocTlI. Cnyttanoct raK, tITo Susura BcrreA aa eftHurer?gov uournu no BTOpOMy fly',rr4 - peKoMeHAOBaHHOMy 3. Maxov IIyrH HaHMeHr,ruero conpoTl{B[eHl'Irrr Koroprrfi ne rpe60ean noucKa o6rscgennft, a npocro BbIAaBaII apte$aKTtr Oa Sanrrr. Taroft no cyTt4 MareMaTl{qecrurl, a ne $uou'recrrft noaxoA rrpr,rnec ,reoplar46ucrprfi ycnex, ilocrorrbKy, Bo-nepBbrx, rceo6ogr,rn $uanroa or ueo6xoar{Mocrr4 AyMarb HaA cy_ TL'ro npoueccoB, qro cralro 60nru:uv o6net.reHl4eM trIrs rex va HI,rx, xro 6lrn nfirueH eror? cnoco6uoctu, a Bo-BTopbrx, nogBorr?rn sopvaneHo olrHcarb psA npoueccoB, He noaAaBaBul{xcg paHee onlicaHl{ro I4MeHHO BBrlrAy orcyrcrBl4rr coorBe'rcTByrouefo Susuuecxoro o6rscnenras. cav 3ftnurreftu, euAuMo, rrogl,rMalr Herrorrgo[eunocrb raKoro r'oAxoaa x $ueure, ra6o venanxom4tlecKl.rBaMerI{n: "Kpacora vatevaruqecrcofi Teopl{u H e€ 3gsqgtefianufi ycnex cKpbrBaror or Haiuero B.:opa re_
3
0'roro'/ L 1]. )Kec,Tb TeX )Kep,rB, Ko,ropbre llpl4xoAl{,rcs npI4HOCHTb Ans K iIpI{Ha,q[e)KI{'r OTHOCI4TeJIITH9C'XI4 Tev ne MeHee Kpaggrfa TeopI4I4 q HcnyT aKI{xIIere HA,KoT opbleHI 4KeM HeI I oABepr aI oTg 'I c o M H e }I u r c ' rITo no6y]KAaef K BHI4MaBK[IoaIas, BI4AI,IMo, pI caMofo ee CoeAaTens, B nOApO6HOTeIrbHoMy HCCfieAoBaHuro ee ocHoB. He sAaaascb noKa tItO B oCHOBe cTo rle)Kaluee cTE, Heo6xotr?rMo cpaay x(e oTMeT?ITb, KoopAI4Ha? fl openua-StZnurrefnra npeodpasoBaHr4e !,eKaproBblx
y'=1x*rt)/l[i=fl{ g'=y, zt=zt t'-(t-xtr7e'z)fili@ G) BO[peKI{ Eceo6ueMy eT gpr,rHllr{nyoTHOor4jl.enb}rocTl,r, He vaoBrreTBE)rr y6exAennrc e o6parnov" ,rorrKl4 SpeHI4rr npI4HUI{ila OTHOCI',ITenbHOCTI{ AeIre, qeM c f anuneg HeyAoB[e,rBop?rTenbHbr KII accr4qecKlle npeo6paooBaHHs B
cavov
x-O,At^t-t',
x'+ctt=xtctt orxytra c yqeroM x,' vre (2)
(s6) Ae=x-x', (3 e)
nony.ruv npeo6paeoBaHrtenpevenvr (2)
| 7 = 1f- a ar/c.)/{,t - ar/"). Tarnv o6paeov, BI,IALIMocrbfiocrosucrBa cKopocT]4 cBera An r nro6rrx na6nro,qarenefi ec,rg cne.qcrBue KoMneHcauI4HecrecrBeHHoro (nrroronoecrcono) cno)KeHl4rrcxopocrefi IIGMeHeHI4eMMecr'oro Bpe-
I
B CBs314C HSMeHeHueM ero MecroMeHI4 ABll)Kyulerocs Ha6ilIoAarerls (cx'tr)c' x'/.c = x'f (c*a')t trxtf roilolKeHfiflr To€. creAcrBl4e Tox{aecrBa cl4'nra-
;;:;-';
, rne .x'/Gtd=t2- 3:Ii?:AbIBaHue fif t'rt 't /c) 'qacaM, = T trf c 'trx'f(ct'rr) c HenoABI{xHbIM : I;'
ra no Mecrnoro
I.^-:"tu*t**" ero nepeMel[enneM 3a BpeMeHu na6nroAatens- B cBfli3?l c
i2 sa Ax ='tt; , a *!i-^-.-T:,u"*tuunt" BpeMssanasAblBan^"rBpeMeIM'
qacaM' I{AyIltI4Milo MecTHOMy cl4rHa[a rlo ABII)KyII?IMCfl a6cypAnoro nocryrlara o rrocTogHc'TBbIxoAI4'r, *to'nu*ottSaul{s eF,o coorBercTBr'le--npavuv ua6Be cKopocr?I cBera, HecMorps Ha flocfleutrofi u HeollpaBAaHnoit' B aeftcrenilroAeHIrS{M,6rrna crulu'KoM vraSoe CTO' ,reilI'Hoc'Tl4 gTor riocryna'r - oA?IHu'a $yrnart'reHTallbHblx nepe Be p n y B ur uit c Hor H a ro l ro By c n o c o 6 $ u o u ' re c x o roMbl l rl reHB?Ifl ny- lITo ToM' @aKr xe coc'rol{'T TeM noAMenrt $antoe I{x BI4AI4MgcrbIo' HbloTolroecKofi MexaHupacflpocrpaneHl4e cBera BnoI]He IloAqMuse'rclt H3fruogenfiIo' a npuuul{rr o'TKe, xorq 9To ?1 He BceFAa noAAaercs He roJII'Ko He orBeprarounft Hoclr'renbnocTfi - vtTrlrrosvrs,apreQax'r' B Koropofi pacupoct(esrapu), cpeabr cyuecre*BaH?rri Ma,repr.aru,Hoft elo' IlocKoIItKy ?IsMeHeI{?Ie paHsrercfl ceer' Ho Aa)Ke lloc?ynupyrouruft MeCTHOFo
BpeMeHE
CEfleAHO
C I4SMeHeHileM
cucreMe e Aaunofi a6coruotrofi OTMerI4M, qITo nrcKolrbKy
fIOilO)KeHI49I rlacoB
orctrera' BctiKan KoopAI4HaTIras cI4cTeMa
TOtrILKO
ecrb
I { c K yccrB eHHocoGAa HHoec peAc ' r BoI 4s M epeHI 4FI I r ono ) K e H l 'r r c o 6 r r l u aToIluKo ' pacnpocfpaHrrbcfl tzu$opMauuq e HeI:I Mo>t<e'l ?loMepllTelrlHaa x ua6ruoAareHaIrptMrIK ol co6rrrus rro KoopAl{Haruoft .cerKe' Ho He arlg ?13cuc'reMe aeKaprosoft B nro B Haarafie KoopAI4Ha'r. floe'ro*ly
e (36) Lt=Ax+Ay+Lz' uu{opvauut. e o6uev MepI4'reII'Hoft "nv"u" cl4c'reMe' qro' oAI{aKo' c$epv'recr0.3ro ?r c raKEM )Ke onepelKeHl{eM,ecnr{ eHauur, Trr4 rIto Bce HenoEBl,rx(Hbreqlacbr I4Ayr clduxpoHHo, T.e. c oAI4HaKoBoficr- >' >
(t _ 5 )
H = arrD,
.,To paB*oculrbHo nofrBne'?Ilo MarHuTI{o.o rroJlrr Hanprr}KeHHoctoo fr B ceoro oqepelqb paatlallbgag aHl,Iaotponfi^ Dx noAo6no var* HHTHOMyrrOJrrOMOIKeT I{HTepnpeTUpOBaTbCrrKaK HeKOTOpOeCKaIIsrpHOe nolre Harrrrl<euufi cpe,ubr, rroreHunarr Koropofo us-- ulAlmVoosYfc, a HarrprrxeHHocTb
{"=-goool n",
rAe rt=efl, a E floxoxe, rrro ero -
- HanpsxeHHocTb IroreHul{an cna6oto
30
(16) IneKTpI4aIeCKOrO gggtry ggeficrBlrrr,
UOIIs. sile KT!
BB?IAy poMarul4Ttroe npol4axolKAenl'Ie Koroporo ycKonsoHyfio or CTO npene6pexeHua alrl4sorponlzefi nona' (16) cnenyer norenu?Iafl &c= Ans ro.Ieqnoro ilcrotlnl.Ka I{3
croBno 6rt cooAaercs =q.t cosf/4re+c,-ry4ir;,fi IF=.TF rAe Y yron vexcos f/c, aaprrtroM d" = ?-/ffi cn-a6uv --;* + nona Ee=g"/4ret nlno",neHnocrb ,{Jt HalrpsxeHnocr: eryv ry D v 4r. lPu "nu6oro s sN ,ta u eHue Dc - = ehc'
O,7 u V =O, Taxoe Boal4MoAeftcrBueMaKcuMairbHo npu