The Piazza Tales (Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition)

THE PIAZZA TALES WEBSTER'S KOREAN THESAURUS EDITION

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOFEL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Herman Melville

TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

The Piazza Tales Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOFEL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Herman Melville

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

ii ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com The Piazza Tales: Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOFEL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc. Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-91388-7

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Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1 THE PIAZZA...................................................................................................................... 2 BARTLEBY...................................................................................................................... 17 BENITO CERENO............................................................................................................ 57 THE LIGHTNING-ROD MAN .......................................................................................... 143 THE ENCANTADAS, OR ENCHANTED ISLES................................................................ 151 THE BELL-TOWER........................................................................................................ 210 GLOSSARY ....................................................................................................................... 1

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PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running English-to-Korean thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of The Piazza Tales by Herman Melville was edited for three audiences. The first includes Korean-speaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL), or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking students enrolled in bilingual education programs or Korean speakers enrolled in English speaking schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in Korean in order to take foreign service, translation certification, Advanced Placement® (AP®)1 or similar examinations. By using the Rosetta Edition® when assigned for an English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in Korean or English. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in Korean, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

1 TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

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The Piazza Tales

THE PIAZZA

“With%fairest flowers, Whilst summer lasts, and I live here, Fidele—” When I removed into the country, it was to occupy an old-fashioned farmhouse, which had no piazza—a deficiency the more regretted, because not only did I like piazzas, as somehow combining the coziness of in-doors with the freedom of out-doors, and it is so pleasant to inspect your thermometer there, but the country round about was such a picture, that in berry time no boy climbs hill or crosses vale without coming upon easels planted in every nook, and sunburnt painters painting there. A very paradise of painters. The circle of the stars cut by the circle of the mountains. At least, so looks it from the house; though, once upon the mountains, no circle of them can you see. Had the site been chosen five rods off, this charmed ring would not have been. The house is old. Seventy years since, from the heart of the Hearth Stone Hills, they quarried the Kaaba, or Holy Stone, to which, each Thanksgiving, the social pilgrims used to come. So long ago, that, in digging for the foundation, the workmen used both spade and axe, fighting the Troglodytes of those subterranean parts—sturdy roots of a sturdy wood, encamped upon what is now a long land-slide of sleeping meadow, sloping away off from my poppy-

Korean berry: 열매, 커피의 열매, 딸기의 열매 , 열매를 따다, 물고기의 알-열매가 열리다, 장과, 알, 말린 씨앗, 딸기류 의 열매, 장과가 열리다. charmed: 매혹된, 기쁘게 생각하여, 저 주 받은, 마법으로 보호된, 마법에 걸 린. coziness: 좋은. inspect: 검열하다, 사열하다, 시찰하다 , 점검하다, 면밀하게 살피다, 조사하 다, 검사하다.

meadow: 목초지, 강변의 낮은 풀밭. nook: 피난처, 구석, 외딴곳, 구석구석 진 곳, 숨는 곳, 은신처. old-fashioned: 구식, 예스러운. paradise: 천국, 에덴 동산, 극락, 낙원, 안락, 유원, 군주의 유원, 능금나무. removed: 떨어진, 먼, 촌의, 관계가 먼, 등친의, 제거된, 죽은, 거리가 떨어진. sleeping: 수면. sloping: 경사진, 비스듬한, 비탈진. spade: 흑인, 가래, 삽, 포미박기, 스페

이드한벌, 스페이드, 스페이드페, 한 가래의 분량, 스페이드패, 삽으로 파 다, 끌로 잘라내다. stars: 별빛. sturdy: 억센, 불굴의, 완강한, 건전한, 우람스러운. subterranean: 지하의, 숨은, 비밀의, 지하에 사는 사람, 지하에서 일하는 사람, 지하에 사를 파는 사람. thermometer: 온도계, 체온계, 한란계. vale: 골짜기, 이별, 안녕히, 작별인사.

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bed. Of that knit wood, but one survivor stands—an elm, lonely through steadfastness. Whoever built the house, he builded better than he knew; or else Orion in the zenith flashed down his Damocles’ sword to him some starry night, and said, “Build there.” For how, otherwise, could it have entered the builder’s mind, that, upon the clearing being made, such a purple prospect would be his?—nothing less than Greylock, with all his hills about him, like Charlemagne among his peers.% Now, for a house, so situated in such a country, to have no piazza for the convenience of those who might desire to feast upon the view, and take their time and ease about it, seemed as much of an omission as if a picture-gallery should have no bench; for what but picture-galleries are the marble halls of these same limestone hills?—galleries hung, month after month anew, with pictures ever fading into pictures ever fresh. And beauty is like piety—you cannot run and read it; tranquillity and constancy, with, now-a-days, an easy chair, are needed. For though, of old, when reverence was in vogue, and indolence was not, the devotees of Nature, doubtless, used to stand and adore—just as, in the cathedrals of those ages, the worshipers of a higher Power did—yet, in these times of failing faith and feeble knees, we have the piazza and the pew. During the first year of my residence, the more leisurely to witness the coronation of Charlemagne (weather permitting, they crown him every sunrise and sunset), I chose me, on the hill-side bank near by, a royal lounge of turf—a green velvet lounge, with long, moss-padded back; while at the head, strangely enough, there grew (but, I suppose, for heraldry) three tufts of blue violets in a field-argent of wild strawberries; and a trellis, with honeysuckle, I set for canopy. Very majestical lounge, indeed. So much so, that here, as with the reclining majesty of Denmark in his orchard, a sly ear-ache invaded me. But, if damps abound at times in Westminster Abbey, because it is so old, why not within this monastery of mountains, which is older? A piazza must be had.

Korean abound: 이 많다, 많이 있다, 넘쳐흐른 다, 그득하다. anew: 재차, 다시, 새로이, 다시 한번. constancy: 항구성, 지조가 굳음, 불변, 절개, 절조, 불변성, 수절. elm: 느릅나무. fading: 페이딩. heraldry: 문장학, 으리으리함, 문장, 전령관의 직, 가문. honeysuckle: 인동덩굴, 인동덩굴의 무리.

indolence: 나태, 게으름, 무통. leisurely: 여유있게, 한가하게, 여유 있는, 느릿하게. majestical: 당당한. pew: 펜치형 좌석, 교회의 가족석, 좌 석, 자리, 교회의 좌석. piazza: 베란다, 특히 이탈리아 도시의 광장, 광장. reverence: 존경, 존경하다, 위덕, 님, 경례, 숭상, 숭상하다, 신부님, 경의, 위엄, 경계.

starry: 별이 많은, 별처럼 빛나는, 별빛 의, 별의, 별모양의, 별 모양의. steadfastness: 확고부동함, 불변. strawberries: 딸기. sunrise: 해돋이, 해뜰녘, 초기. survivor: 생존자, 살아 남은 사람, 살 아남은 사람. tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정. trellis: 격자, 격자 시렁, 격자를 달다. vogue: 인기, 유행, 대유행, 유행의. zenith: 절정, 천정, 정점, 극도.

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The Piazza Tales

The house was wide—my fortune narrow; so that, to build a panoramic piazza, one round and round, it could not be—although, indeed, considering the matter by rule and square, the carpenters, in the kindest way, were anxious to gratify my furthest wishes, at I’ve forgotten how much a foot.% Upon but one of the four sides would prudence grant me what I wanted. Now, which side? To the east, that long camp of the Hearth Stone Hills, fading far away towards Quito; and every fall, a small white flake of something peering suddenly, of a coolish morning, from the topmost cliff—the season’s new-dropped lamb, its earliest fleece; and then the Christmas dawn, draping those dim highlands with red-barred plaids and tartans—goodly sight from your piazza, that. Goodly sight; but, to the north is Charlemagne—can’t have the Hearth Stone Hills with Charlemagne. Well, the south side. Apple-trees are there. Pleasant, of a balmy morning, in the month of May, to sit and see that orchard, white-budded, as for a bridal; and, in October, one green arsenal yard; such piles of ruddy shot. Very fine, I grant; but, to the north is Charlemagne. The west side, look. An upland pasture, alleying away into a maple wood at top. Sweet, in opening spring, to trace upon the hill-side, otherwise gray and bare—to trace, I say, the oldest paths by their streaks of earliest green. Sweet, indeed, I can’t deny; but, to the north is Charlemagne. So Charlemagne, he carried it. It was not long after 1848; and, somehow, about that time, all round the world, these kings, they had the casting vote, and voted for themselves. No sooner was ground broken, than all the neighborhood, neighbor Dives, in particular, broke, too—into a laugh. Piazza to the north! Winter piazza! Wants, of winter midnights, to watch the Aurora Borealis, I suppose; hope he’s laid in good store of Polar muffs and mittens. That was in the lion month of March. Not forgotten are the blue noses of the carpenters, and how they scouted at the greenness of the cit, who would build

Korean balmy: 상쾌한, 진통의, 기분좋은, 향 기로운, 바로 같은, 머리가 돈, 향기가 좋은, 위로가 되는, 향유 같은, 향유의 . bridal: 신부의, 새색시, 혼례, 혼례의, 결혼식. cit: 시민, 일반인, 평복, 인용, 민간복. coolish: 좀 차가운, 찬 기운이 있는, 조 금 찬. fleece: 털을 깎다, 양털 모양의 것, 양 털, 한 마리에서 한번 깎는 양털, 보풀

이 보드라운 피륙, 양털 모양의 것으 웃사람, 서로 이웃하는 것, 인접하다, 로 덮다, 빼앗다. 이웃해 있다, 가까운사이이다, 근처에 goodly: 잘생긴, 상당한, 용모가 단정 살고 있다, 근처의 것, 인접한. 한, 훌륭한, 잘 생긴, 큰. neighborhood: 근처, 지방, 약, 인근, gratify: 기쁘게 하다, 만족 시키다, 기 이웃, 지역, 자네근처의, 이웃사람들 쁘게 해주다, 에게 사례금을 주다, 채 주위, 이웃의, 이웃간의 정의, 이웃 사 우다, 에게 보수를 주다. 람들. greenness: 초록색, 미숙, 녹색, 신선, ruddy: 붉은, 혈색이 좋은, 싫은, 붉게 풋내기임. 하다, 몹시, 괘씸한, 지긋지긋한, 붉어 mittens: 권투용 글러브. 지다, 매우, 건강한, 불그스레한. neighbor: 이웃의, 이웃하다, 동포, 이 topmost: 최고의, 절정의, 최상의.

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his sole piazza to the north. But March don’t last forever; patience, and August comes. And then, in the cool elysium of my northern bower, I, Lazarus in Abraham’s bosom, cast down the hill a pitying glance on poor old Dives, tormented in the purgatory of his piazza to the south.% But, even in December, this northern piazza does not repel—nipping cold and gusty though it be, and the north wind, like any miller, bolting by the snow, in finest flour—for then, once more, with frosted beard, I pace the sleety deck, weathering Cape Horn. In summer, too, Canute-like, sitting here, one is often reminded of the sea. For not only do long ground-swells roll the slanting grain, and little wavelets of the grass ripple over upon the low piazza, as their beach, and the blown down of dandelions is wafted like the spray, and the purple of the mountains is just the purple of the billows, and a still August noon broods upon the deep meadows, as a calm upon the Line; but the vastness and the lonesomeness are so oceanic, and the silence and the sameness, too, that the first peep of a strange house, rising beyond the trees, is for all the world like spying, on the Barbary coast, an unknown sail. And this recalls my inland voyage to fairy-land. A true voyage; but, take it all in all, interesting as if invented. From the piazza, some uncertain object I had caught, mysteriously snugged away, to all appearance, in a sort of purpled breast-pocket, high up in a hopperlike hollow, or sunken angle, among the northwestern mountains—yet, whether, really, it was on a mountain-side, or a mountain-top, could not be determined; because, though, viewed from favorable points, a blue summit, peering up away behind the rest, will, as it were, talk to you over their heads, and plainly tell you, that, though he (the blue summit) seems among them, he is not of them (God forbid!), and, indeed, would have you know that he considers himself—as, to say truth, he has good right—by several cubits their superior, nevertheless, certain ranges, here and there double-filed, as in platoons, so shoulder and follow up upon one another, with their irregular shapes and heights, that, from the piazza, a nigher and lower mountain will, in most states of the atmosphere, effacingly

Korean bolting: 도망, 추대, 음식물을 통째로 gusty: 사납게 불어대는 바람의, 기세 소리. 삼킴, 볼토조이기, 음식물을 통째로 좋은, 용기있는, 휘몰아치는, 용감한, pitying: 동정하는, 불쌍히 여기는. 뼜댐, 볼트로 조이기, 볼트 조이기. 맛있는, 기운찬, 돌풍의, 돌풍이 자주 purgatory: 연옥, 일시적인 고난 상태, elysium: 극락, 이상향, 낙토, 지상의 부는, 터질 것 같이 활기 있는, 바람이 지옥 같은 곳, 깨끗이 하는, 일시적인 행복, 엘뤼시온. 거센. 고난, 고난. favorable: 유리한, 유망한, 호의적인, northwestern: 북서의, 서북부의, 서북 sameness: 동일, 일륜, 동일성. 호의를 보이는. 의, 서북에서 부는. slanting: 견지, 편견으로 말하다, 물매 frosted: 서리로 덮인, 설탕을 하얗게 peep: 출현, 나타나다, 삐악삐악, 엿보 , 경향, 기울다, 기울어진. 친, 진한 음료, 설탕을 입힌, 서리가 기, 엿보다, 작은 소리로 이야기 하다, sleety: 진눈깨비의, 진눈깨비가 오는, 내린, 동결된, 서리로 뒤덮인, 동상에 훔쳐봄, 훔쳐보다, 들여다보는 구멍, 진눈깨비 같은. 걸린, 상해를 입은, 희게 센. 짹짹울다, 작은 새 따위가 짹짹우는 vastness: 광대한 넓이, 광대, 광대함.

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The Piazza Tales

shade itself away into a higher and further one; that an object, bleak on the former’s crest, will, for all that, appear nested in the latter’s flank. These mountains, somehow, they play at hide-and-seek, and all before one’s eyes.% But, be that as it may, the spot in question was, at all events, so situated as to be only visible, and then but vaguely, under certain witching conditions of light and shadow. Indeed, for a year or more, I knew not there was such a spot, and might, perhaps, have never known, had it not been for a wizard afternoon in autumn— late in autumn—a mad poet’s afternoon; when the turned maple woods in the broad basin below me, having lost their first vermilion tint, dully smoked, like smouldering towns, when flames expire upon their prey; and rumor had it, that this smokiness in the general air was not all Indian summer—which was not used to be so sick a thing, however mild—but, in great part, was blown from faroff forests, for weeks on fire, in Vermont; so that no wonder the sky was ominous as Hecate’s cauldron—and two sportsmen, crossing a red stubble buck-wheat field, seemed guilty Macbeth and foreboding Banquo; and the hermit-sun, hutted in an Adullum cave, well towards the south, according to his season, did little else but, by indirect reflection of narrow rays shot down a Simplon pass among the clouds, just steadily paint one small, round, strawberry mole upon the wan cheek of northwestern hills. Signal as a candle. One spot of radiance, where all else was shade. Fairies there, thought I; some haunted ring where fairies dance. Time passed; and the following May, after a gentle shower upon the mountains—a little shower islanded in misty seas of sunshine; such a distant shower—and sometimes two, and three, and four of them, all visible together in different parts—as I love to watch from the piazza, instead of thunder storms, as I used to, which wrap old Greylock, like a Sinai, till one thinks swart Moses must be climbing among scathed hemlocks there; after, I say, that, gentle shower, I saw a rainbow, resting its further end just where, in autumn, I had marked the mole. Fairies there, thought I; remembering that rainbows bring out the blooms, and that, if one can but get to the rainbow’s end, his fortune is made in a bag of gold.

Korean according: 그러므로, 따라서, 나름으 로, 에 따라, 에 의하여. dully: 둔하게, 멍청하게, 느리게, 지루 하게, 활발치 못하게, 느럭느럭. expire: 만기가 되다, 끝나다, 내쉬다, 숨을 내쉬다, 뿜어 내다, 죽다, 숨을 거두다. far-off: 아득히 먼. foreboding: 전조, 예감, 예언, 육감. hide-and-seek: 숨바꼭질. maple: 단풍, 단풍나무, 단풍나무 재목

, 단풍나무 같은, 단풍나무의. 잡잡한, 찰싹 때려 잡다, 찰싹 때림. radiance: 광휘, 빛남, 광채, 발광, 눈. tint: 에 색을 칠하다, 엷게 물들이다, 얼굴의 빛, 방열. 기, 엷은빛깔, 선음영, 색채, 색조, 백 rumor: 소문, 소음, 풍문, 유언비어, 풍 색바림, 색의 농담, 엷은 빛깔, 색채의 설, 풍설 소문을 내다, 소문내다, 소문 배합. 을 내다. vermilion: 주홍색의, 주, 진사의, 진사 strawberry: 양딸기, 딸기색, 딸기, 양 , 주홍색, 주홍으로 물들이다, 주홍, 딸기열매. 주홍으로 칠하다, 주홍빛의, 주홍의, stubble: 그루터기, 그루터기 모양의 주홍빛. 물건, 짧게 깎은 머리. witching: 마력있는, 매력있는, 매혹적 swart: 햇볕에 타게 하는, 유독한, 가무 인, 마녀가 횡행하는, 마력이 있는.

Herman Melville

7

Yon rainbow’s end, would I were there, thought I. And none the less I wished it, for now first noticing what seemed some sort of glen, or grotto, in the mountain side; at least, whatever it was, viewed through the rainbow’s medium, it glowed like the Potosi mine. But a work-a-day neighbor said, no doubt it was but some old barn—an abandoned one, its broadside beaten in, the acclivity its background. But I, though I had never been there, I knew better.% A few days after, a cheery sunrise kindled a golden sparkle in the same spot as before. The sparkle was of that vividness, it seemed as if it could only come from glass. The building, then—if building, after all, it was—could, at least, not be a barn, much less an abandoned one; stale hay ten years musting in it. No; if aught built by mortal, it must be a cottage; perhaps long vacant and dismantled, but this very spring magically fitted up and glazed. Again, one noon, in the same direction, I marked, over dimmed tops of terraced foliage, a broader gleam, as of a silver buckler, held sunwards over some croucher’s head; which gleam, experience in like cases taught, must come from a roof newly shingled. This, to me, made pretty sure the recent occupancy of that far cot in fairy land. Day after day, now, full of interest in my discovery, what time I could spare from reading the Midsummer’s Night Dream, and all about Titania, wishfully I gazed off towards the hills; but in vain. Either troops of shadows, an imperial guard, with slow pace and solemn, defiled along the steeps; or, routed by pursuing light, fled broadcast from east to west—old wars of Lucifer and Michael; or the mountains, though unvexed by these mirrored sham fights in the sky, had an atmosphere otherwise unfavorable for fairy views. I was sorry; the more so, because I had to keep my chamber for some time after—which chamber did not face those hills. At length, when pretty well again, and sitting out, in the September morning, upon the piazza, and thinking to myself, when, just after a little flock of sheep, the farmer’s banded children passed, a-nutting, and said, “How sweet a day”—it was, after all, but what their fathers call a weather-breeder—and, indeed, was become go sensitive through my illness, as that I could not bear to look upon a

Korean acclivity: 치받이. aught: 아마, 아무래도 상관 없다, 어떤 일, 어떤 것, 무엇이든. banded: 대상 장식이 있는, 줄무늬 모 양의. broadside: 한쪽뱃전의 대포의 전부, 일제공격, 그의 일제 사격, 뱃전, 현측 . buckler: 둥근방패, 둥근 방패, 방패. cheery: 기분 좋은, 원기있는, 명랑한. gleam: 번득이다, 번적임, 희미한 징조

, 희미하게 번쩍이다, 어렴풋한 빛, 번 득임, 빛, 번쩍이다. glen: 협곡, 작은 골짜기, 산골짜기. grotto: 동굴, 암굴, 자그마한 동굴. magically: 마법의, 매력적인. occupancy: 점유, 거주, 인실. sham: 가짜, 속임, 을 가장하다, 협작 꾼, 군사 연습, 하는 체하다, 모조의, 짐짓, 가짜의, 허풍선이, 허위의. sparkle: 불꽃, 생기, 번쩍이다, 번쩍임, 빛나다, 발하다, 거품이 알다, 거품 남

, 재기, 재기의 번득임, 불꽃을 튀기다 . sunwards: 태양쪽으로. unfavorable: 형편이 나쁜, 불리한, 호 의적이 아닌, 바람직하지 못한. unvexed: 냉정한, 침착한, 안달하지 않 는, 화내지 않은. vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한, 자부심 이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는. wishfully: 탐내듯이.

8

The Piazza Tales

Chinese creeper of my adoption, and which, to my delight, climbing a post of the piazza, had burst out in starry bloom, but now, if you removed the leaves a little, showed millions of strange, cankerous worms, which, feeding upon those blossoms, so shared their blessed hue, as to make it unblessed evermore— worms, whose germs had doubtless lurked in the very bulb which, so hopefully, I had planted: in this ingrate peevishness of my weary convalescence, was I sitting there; when, suddenly looking off, I saw the golden mountain-window, dazzling like a deep-sea dolphin. Fairies there, thought I, once more; the queen of fairies at her fairy-window; at any rate, some glad mountain-girl; it will do me good, it will cure this weariness, to look on her. No more; I’ll launch my yawl— ho, cheerly, heart! and push away for fairy-land—for rainbow’s end, in fairyland.% How to get to fairy-land, by what road, I did not know; nor could any one inform me; not even one Edmund Spenser, who had been there—so he wrote me—further than that to reach fairy-land, it must be voyaged to, and with faith. I took the fairy-mountain’s bearings, and the first fine day, when strength permitted, got into my yawl—high-pommeled, leather one—cast off the fast, and away I sailed, free voyager as an autumn leaf. Early dawn; and, sallying westward, I sowed the morning before me. Some miles brought me nigh the hills; but out of present sight of them. I was not lost; for road-side golden-rods, as guide-posts, pointed, I doubted not, the way to the golden window. Following them, I came to a lone and languid region, where the grass-grown ways were traveled but by drowsy cattle, that, less waked than stirred by day, seemed to walk in sleep. Browse, they did not—the enchanted never eat. At least, so says Don Quixote, that sagest sage that ever lived. On I went, and gained at last the fairy mountain’s base, but saw yet no fairy ring. A pasture rose before me. Letting down five mouldering bars—so moistly green, they seemed fished up from some sunken wreck—a wigged old Aries, long-visaged, and with crumpled horn, came snuffing up; and then, retreating, decorously led on along a milky-way of white-weed, past dim-clustering

Korean cankerous: 해독을 미치는, 구강 궤양 같은, 구강 궤양의. cheerly: 힘내자, 기분좋게. convalescence: 요양, 병후회복, 회복, 차도가 있음, 병이 나아져감. creeper: 기는 것, 곤충, 땅볼, 탐해구, 얇은 철판, 겉옷, 비열한 사나이, 놀이 옷, 아첨꾼, 비열한 사람, 파충류의동 물. decorously: 예의바르게, 점잖게. deep-sea: 깊은 바다의, 원양의.

drowsy: 졸린, 졸음오게하는, 조는 듯 한, 나른한, 졸리는. ingrate: 배은 망덕한 사람, 은혜를 모 르는, 은혜를 모르는 사람. languid: 불경기의, 귀찮은, 느른한, 무 기력한, 노곤한. nigh: 인색한, 가까운, 근친의, 바람을 옆으로 받으며, 아주 비슷한, 아슬아 슬한, 시간적으로 가까이, 시간 따위 가까운, 이해 관계가 깊은, 왼쪽인, 정 밀하게.

sunken: 물밑의, 움푹 들어간, 가라앉 은, 내려앉은, 살이 빠진, 움푹한. traveled: 견문이 넓은, 여행에 익숙한, 여행자가 많은, 여행자가 이용하는, 표적한, 널리 여행한. unblessed: 축복받지 못한, 저주받은, 은혜를 입지 못한, 불행한, 정화되지 않은, 저주 받은, 비참한. voyager: 항해자, 여행자, 모험적 항해 자, 보이저. wigged: 가발을 쓴.

Herman Melville

9

Pleiades and Hyades, of small forget-me-nots; and would have led me further still his astral path, but for golden flights of yellow-birds—pilots, surely, to the golden window, to one side flying before me, from bush to bush, towards deep woods—which woods themselves were luring—and, somehow, lured, too, by their fence, banning a dark road, which, however dark, led up. I pushed through; when Aries, renouncing me now for some lost soul, wheeled, and went his wiser way.. Forbidding and forbidden ground—to him.% A winter wood road, matted all along with winter-green. By the side of pebbly waters—waters the cheerier for their solitude; beneath swaying firboughs, petted by no season, but still green in all, on I journeyed—my horse and I; on, by an old saw-mill, bound down and hushed with vines, that his grating voice no more was heard; on, by a deep flume clove through snowy marble, vernal-tinted, where freshet eddies had, on each side, spun out empty chapels in the living rock; on, where Jacks-in-the-pulpit, like their Baptist namesake, preached but to the wilderness; on, where a huge, cross-grain block, fern-bedded, showed where, in forgotten times, man after man had tried to split it, but lost his wedges for his pains—which wedges yet rusted in their holes; on, where, ages past, in step-like ledges of a cascade, skull-hollow pots had been churned out by ceaseless whirling of a flintstone—ever wearing, but itself unworn; on, by wild rapids pouring into a secret pool, but soothed by circling there awhile, issued forth serenely; on, to less broken ground, and by a little ring, where, truly, fairies must have danced, or else some wheel-tire been heated—for all was bare; still on, and up, and out into a hanging orchard, where maidenly looked down upon me a crescent moon, from morning. My horse hitched low his head. Red apples rolled before him; Eve’s apples; seek-no-furthers. He tasted one, I another; it tasted of the ground. Fairy land not yet, thought I, flinging my bridle to a humped old tree, that crooked out an arm to catch it. For the way now lay where path was none, and none might go but by himself, and only go by daring. Through blackberry brakes that tried to pluck me back, though I but strained towards fruitless growths of mountain-laurel; up

Korean astral: 별의, 별로부터의, 별이 많은. awhile: 잠시, 잠깐. blackberry: 검은딸기, 검은 딸기를 따 다, 검은딸기의 열매. ceaseless: 끊임없는, 부단한. clove: 소인경, 정향, 정향나무, 소구근, 구슬순, 정향 나무, 작은 인경. flume: 물받이, 홈통, 용수로, 좁은 계 류, 골짜기, 홈통을 놓다, 도랑으로 끌 다. freshet: 큰물, 홍수, 증수, 민물의 흐름

. grating: 삐걱거리는, 서로 갈리는, 격 자, 귀에 거슬리는, 모든 연령층에 맞 는 영화로 판정된 것, 창살. hitched: 절름거리는. humped: 혹이 있는, 곱사등의, 등이 굽은. maidenly: 처녀다운, 처녀답게. matted: 매트를 깐, 헝클어진, 엉킨, 돗 자리를 깐, 윤을 없앤, 머리 따위가 헝 클어진, 텁수룩한, 광택을 없앤.

namesake: 이름을 받은 사람, 이름이 같은 사람, 같은 이름의 사람, 어떤 사 람의 이름을 딴 사람, 이름을 딴 사람. pebbly: 자갈이 많은, 자갈 투성이의, 투성이인. rapids: 여울. serenely: 고요, 잔잔, 청명하게, 침착, 침착하게, 평화스러움, 화창, 고요히. unworn: 닳지 않은, 새로운, 한번도 입 지 않은, 참신한, 파손되지 않은, 청신 한, 입어 낡지 않은, 해어지지 않은.

10

The Piazza Tales

slippery steeps to barren heights, where stood none to welcome. Fairy land not yet, thought I, though the morning is here before me. Foot-sore enough and weary, I gained not then my journey’s end, but came ere long to a craggy pass, dipping towards growing regions still beyond. A zigzag road, half overgrown with blueberry bushes, here turned among the cliffs. A rent was in their ragged sides; through it a little track branched off, which, upwards threading that short defile, came breezily out above, to where the mountain-top, part sheltered northward, by a taller brother, sloped gently off a space, ere darkly plunging; and here, among fantastic rocks, reposing in a herd, the foot-track wound, half beaten, up to a little, low-storied, grayish cottage, capped, nun-like, with a peaked roof.% On one slope, the roof was deeply weather-stained, and, nigh the turfy eavestrough, all velvet-napped; no doubt the snail-monks founded mossy priories there. The other slope was newly shingled. On the north side, doorless and windowless, the clap-boards, innocent of paint, were yet green as the north side of lichened pines or copperless hulls of Japanese junks, becalmed. The whole base, like those of the neighboring rocks, was rimmed about with shaded streaks of richest sod; for, with hearth-stones in fairy land, the natural rock, though housed, preserves to the last, just as in open fields, its fertilizing charm; only, by necessity, working now at a remove, to the sward without. So, at least, says Oberon, grave authority in fairy lore. Though setting Oberon aside, certain it is, that, even in the common world, the soil, close up to farm-houses, as close up to pasture rocks, is, even though untended, ever richer than it is a few rods off— such gentle, nurturing heat is radiated there. But with this cottage, the shaded streaks were richest in its front and about its entrance, where the ground-sill, and especially the doorsill had, through long eld, quietly settled down. No fence was seen, no inclosure. Near by—ferns, ferns, ferns; further— woods, woods, woods; beyond—mountains, mountains, mountains; then—sky, sky, sky. Turned out in aerial commons, pasture for the mountain moon. Nature, and but nature, house and, all; even a low cross-pile of silver birch, piled openly,

Korean blueberry: 월귤나무의일종, 월귤나무. branched: 가지가 있는. breezily: 산들바람이 불어, 산들바람 이 일어, 쾌활하게, 힘차게, 기운차게. defile: 더럽히다, 종대로 행진하다, 종 대로 시키다, 애로. doorsill: 문지방. eld: 노년, 옛날, 나이, 연령, 노인. fertilizing: 수정시키는, 풍부하게 하는 , 비옥하게 하는. grayish: 회색을 띤, 우중충한, 회색빛

도는, 회색빛이 나는, 쥐색을 띤. inclosure: 동봉, 둘러쌈, 울로 둘러싼 땅, 동봉한 것. mossy: 이끼 낀, 이끼 같은, 케케묵은. neighboring: 근처의, 이웃의, 인근의, 근처의 인접한, 인접하고 있는. rimmed: 의 테가 있는. sward: 잔디로 덮다, 잔풀로 뒤덮다, 잔디로 뒤덮다, 잔디밭. turfy: 잔디덮인, 잔디가 많은, 토탄질 의, 경마장의.

untended: 거들떠보지도 않는, 내버려 둔, 돌보는 사람이 없는, 돌봄을 받지 않는. weather-stained: 비바람으로 변색한. windowless: 창문 없는. zigzag: 지그재그의, 갈짓자형의, 제드 자 꼴로, 지그재그로 움직이다, 지그 재그로 나아가게 하다, 지그재그꼴로 하다, 제드자형의, 제드자 꼴의 것, 사 람이 갈짓자로 걷다, 길 제드자 꼴을 이루다, 강이 제드자 꼴로 흐르다.

Herman Melville

11

to season; up among whose silvery sticks, as through the fencing of some sequestered grave, sprang vagrant raspberry bushes—willful assertors of their right of way.% The foot-track, so dainty narrow, just like a sheep-track, led through long ferns that lodged. Fairy land at last, thought I; Una and her lamb dwell here. Truly, a small abode—mere palanquin, set down on the summit, in a pass between two worlds, participant of neither. A sultry hour, and I wore a light hat, of yellow sinnet, with white duck trowsers—both relics of my tropic sea-going. Clogged in the muffling ferns, I softly stumbled, staining the knees a sea-green. Pausing at the threshold, or rather where threshold once had been, I saw, through the open door-way, a lonely girl, sewing at a lonely window. A palecheeked girl, and fly-specked window, with wasps about the mended upper panes. I spoke. She shyly started, like some Tahiti girl, secreted for a sacrifice, first catching sight, through palms, of Captain Cook. Recovering, she bade me enter; with her apron brushed off a stool; then silently resumed her own. With thanks I took the stool; but now, for a space, I, too, was mute. This, then, is the fairy-mountain house, and here, the fairy queen sitting at her fairy window. I went up to it. Downwards, directed by the tunneled pass, as through a leveled telescope, I caught sight of a, far-off, soft, azure world. I hardly knew it, though I came from it. “You must find this view very pleasant,” said I, at last. “Oh, sir,” tears starting in her eyes, “the first time I looked out of this window, I said ‘never, never shall I weary of this.’ “ “And what wearies you of it now?” “I don’t know,” while a tear fell; “but it is not the view, it is Marianna.” Some months back, her brother, only seventeen, had come hither, a long way from the other side, to cut wood and burn coal, and she, elder sister, had accompanied, him. Long had they been orphans, and now, sole inhabitants of the sole house upon the mountain. No guest came, no traveler passed. The zigzag,

Korean azure: 하늘빛, 푸른하늘, 하늘빛의, 창 공의, 푸른 하늘. dainty: 우아한, 품위 있는, 성미가 까 다로운, 맛좋은, 진미, 맛좋은-짐미, 우미한, 까다로운, 맛있는 것. hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로, 여기 에. leveled: 등고의, 등격의. palanquin: 중국의 가마, 가마, 인도의 가마. raspberry: 나무딸기, 입술과 혀를 진

동시켜 내는 소리, 입술사이에서 혀를 듯이 뜨거운, 난폭한, 찌는 듯한. 진동시켜 내는 야유소리, 라즈베리, traveler: 여행자, 나그네, 이동 기중기, 나무 딸기, 혹평, 혀를 차는 소리, 입 순회 판매인, 하게 진행하는 것, 외판 술 사이에서 혀를 차는 소리. 원, 여행가, 외무원, 하게 진행하는 말 sea-green: 해록색, 해록색의. 등, 하게 진행하는 차 등, 하게 진행하 sequestered: 은퇴한, 외딴, 깊숙한, 몰 는 것 등. 수된. tropic: 회귀선, 열대, 속성의, 열대지방 shyly: 수줍어서, 겁내어, 부끄러워 하 , 특정한 선의 활동을 자극하는. 며, 수줍게. vagrant: 방랑하는, 변하기 쉬운, 부랑 staining: 더럽히는 것. 자, 방랑성의, 변덕스러운, 방랑의, 유 sultry: 무더운, 숨막히게 더운, 타는 랑하는, 방랑자.

12

The Piazza Tales

perilous road was only used at seasons by the coal wagons. The brother was absent the entire day, sometimes the entire night. When at evening, fagged out, he did come home, he soon left his bench, poor fellow, for his bed; just as one, at last, wearily quits that, too, for still deeper rest. The bench, the bed, the grave.% Silent I stood by the fairy window, while these things were being told. “Do you know,” said she at last, as stealing from her story, “do you know who lives yonder?—I have never been down into that country—away off there, I mean; that house, that marble one,” pointing far across the lower landscape; “have you not caught it? there, on the long hill-side: the field before, the woods behind; the white shines out against their blue; don’t you mark it? the only house in sight.” I looked; and after a time, to my surprise, recognized, more by its position than its aspect, or Marianna’s description, my own abode, glimmering much like this mountain one from the piazza. The mirage haze made it appear less a farmhouse than King Charming’s palace. “I have often wondered who lives there; but it must be some happy one; again this morning was I thinking so.” “Some happy one,” returned I, starting; “and why do you think that? You judge some rich one lives there?” “Rich or not, I never thought; but it looks so happy, I can’t tell how; and it is so far away. Sometimes I think I do but dream it is there. You should see it in a sunset.” “No doubt the sunset gilds it finely; but not more than the sunrise does this house, perhaps.” “This house? The sun is a good sun, but it never gilds this house. Why should it? This old house is rotting. That makes it so mossy. In the morning, the sun comes in at this old window, to be sure—boarded up, when first we came; a window I can’t keep clean, do what I may—and half burns, and nearly blinds me at my sewing, besides setting the flies and wasps astir—such flies and wasps as only lone mountain houses know. See, here is the curtain—this apron—I try to

Korean abode: 체류, 주거, 거주, 주소. absent: 결석의, 없는, 부재의, 멍청한, 멍하게, 결근의, 결근하다, 결석하다, 결여된, 멍한, 출타중인. burns: 번스. fairy: 요정의, 요정, 요정 같은, 동성애 의 남자, 선녀, 호모, 아름다운, 요정 에 관한, 우미한, 동성 연애를 하는 남 자. finely: 훌륭하게, 아름답게, 정교하게, 미세하게, 잘게, 곱게, 가늘게, 멋지게

, 세밀하게. glimmering: 미광, 희미한 빛, 희미하 게 방나는, 알아차림, 생각나는 일, 기 색, 가냘픈 빛 어렴풋이 나타남, 까물 거리는 빛. haze: 안개, 혹사하다, 곯리다, 못살게 굴다, 몽롱, 아지랑이, 이내. lone: 외로운, 쓸쓸한, 고독한. mirage: 신기루, 망상, 미라주. perilous: 위험한. pointing: 뾰족하게 함, 지시, 메지 바

르기, 정확한 조준, 구두법. quits: 승패 없이 대등하여, 피장 장이 된, 갚거나 또는 보복하여 피장 장이 된. sewing: 재봉, 바느질감, 바느질실, 재 봉의. stealing: 훔침, 도루, 훔친물건. sunset: 말기, 해질녘, 일몰, 저녁놀, 종 말, 일물. wearily: 지쳐서, 피곤한 듯이, 싫증나 서, 질려서, 질려서 물려서.

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shut it out with then. It fades it, you see. Sun gild this house? not that ever Marianna saw.” “Because when this roof is gilded most, then you stay here within.” “The hottest, weariest hour of day, you mean? Sir, the sun gilds not this roof. It leaked so, brother newly shingled all one side. Did you not see it? The north side, where the sun strikes most on what the rain has wetted. The sun is a good sun; but this roof, in first scorches, and then rots. An old house. They went West, and are long dead, they say, who built it. A mountain house. In winter no fox could den in it. That chimney-place has been blocked up with snow, just like a hollow stump.” “Yours are strange fancies, Marianna.” “They but reflect the things.” “Then I should have said, ‘These are strange things,’ rather than, ‘Yours are strange fancies.’ “ “As you will;” and took up her sewing.% Something in those quiet words, or in that quiet act, it made me mute again; while, noting, through the fairy window, a broad shadow stealing on, as cast by some gigantic condor, floating at brooding poise on outstretched wings, I marked how, by its deeper and inclusive dusk, it wiped away into itself all lesser shades of rock or fern. “You watch the cloud,” said Marianna. “No, a shadow; a cloud’s, no doubt—though that I cannot see. How did you know it? Your eyes are on your work.” “It dusked my work. There, now the cloud is gone, Tray comes back.” “How?” “The dog, the shaggy dog. At noon, he steals off, of himself, to change his shape—returns, and lies down awhile, nigh the door. Don’t you see him? His head is turned round at you; though, when you came, he looked before him.” “Your eyes rest but on your work; what do you speak of?”

Korean blocked: 마약에 취한, 막힌, 폐색된, 봉쇄된, 통행금지. condor: 콘도르. den: 굴, 소굴, 작고 아늑한 사실, 밀실, 사실, 유년단의 분대. fern: 양치류. gigantic: 거인 같은, 거대한. gild: 금을 입히다, 장식하다, 금도금을 하다, 을 실물보다 아름답게 꾸미다, 금빛으로 물들이다, 싫은 것을 보기좋 게 만들다, 금박을 도금하다, 에 금을

입히다. outstretched: 펼친, 뻗친. gilded: 금도금한, 화려한. poise: 허공에 매달리다, 균형 잡히게 inclusive: 일체를 포함한, 함께 계산하 하다, 안정, 미결단, 가짐새, 하늘을 여, 함께 넣어, 포함하여, 모든것을넣 돌다-평형, 하늘을 돌다, 평형, 창 따 은, 을 포함하여, 모든 것을 포함한, 위를 잡고 자세를 취하다-균형잡히다 포함한, 모든 것을 넣은, 계산에 넣어 , 창 따위를 잡고 자세를 취하다, 균형 서. 잡히다. mute: 폐쇄음의, 무언의, 벙어리의, 약 shaggy: 털복숭이의, 털이 더부룩한, 음기를 달다, 회장꾼, 말 않는 배우, 털 북숭이의, 길고 부드러운 털이 있 벙어리 하인, 벙어리, 벌어리, 묵자 는, 털이 많은, 풀숲이 많은, 얽히고 의-벌어리, 묵자의. 설킨.

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“By the window, crossing.”% “You mean this shaggy shadow—the nigh one? And, yes, now that I mark it, it is not unlike a large, black Newfoundland dog. The invading shadow gone, the invaded one returns. But I do not see what casts it.” “For that, you must go without.” “One of those grassy rocks, no doubt.” “You see his head, his face?” “The shadow’s? You speak as if you saw it, and all the time your eyes are on your work.” “Tray looks at you,” still without glancing up; “this is his hour; I see him.” “Have you then, so long sat at this mountain-window, where but clouds and, vapors pass, that, to you, shadows are as things, though you speak of them as of phantoms; that, by familiar knowledge, working like a second sight, you can, without looking for them, tell just where they are, though, as having mice-like feet, they creep about, and come and go; that, to you, these lifeless shadows are as living friends, who, though out of sight, are not out of mind, even in their faces—is it so?” “That way I never thought of it. But the friendliest one, that used to soothe my weariness so much, coolly quivering on the ferns, it was taken from me, never to return, as Tray did just now. The shadow of a birch. The tree was struck by lightning, and brother cut it up. You saw the cross-pile out-doors—the buried root lies under it; but not the shadow. That is flown, and never will come back, nor ever anywhere stir again.” Another cloud here stole along, once more blotting out the dog, and blackening all the mountain; while the stillness was so still, deafness might have forgot itself, or else believed that noiseless shadow spoke. “Birds, Marianna, singing-birds, I hear none; I hear nothing. Boys and bob-olinks, do they never come a-berrying up here?”

Korean birch: 자작나무 회초리, 자작나무, 때 리다, 자작나무 재목. coolly: 냉정하게, 냉담하게, 뻔뻔스럽 게, 서늘하게, 차갑게, 침착하게. creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를 죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로 해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점 어 긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌, 살 금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다. deafness: 귀먹음, 귀머거리, 귀를 기 울이지 않음.

glancing: 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 넌지시 빗 대는, 맞고 빗나가는, 번쩍이는, 번뜩 이는. grassy: 풀 같은, 풀의, 풀이 무성한, 풀 이 많은. lifeless: 죽은, 생명없는, 생명이 없는, 활기가 없는, 생물이 살고 있지 않은. lightning: 번개, 전광, 번개와 같은, 번 개의. noiseless: 소리없는, 소음이 없는조용 한, 고요한, 잡음이 적은, 소리가 안나

는. quivering: 진동하는, 떨고 있는, 떨리 는. soothe: 달래다, 완화시키다, 가라앉히 다, 위로하다, 진정시키다, 만족시키 다. stillness: 침묵, 조용한 환경, 정적, 고 요, 평온, 소리 없는 곳, 고, 고요함. stole: 여자용 어깨 걸이, 영대, 스톨, 길고 헐거운 겉옷, 주부용 외투. weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로.

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“Birds, I seldom hear; boys, never. The berries mostly ripe and fall—few, but me, the wiser.”% “But yellow-birds showed me the way—part way, at least.” “And then flew back. I guess they play about the mountain-side, but don’t make the top their home. And no doubt you think that, living so lonesome here, knowing nothing, hearing nothing—little, at least, but sound of thunder and the fall of trees—never reading, seldom speaking, yet ever wakeful, this is what gives me my strange thoughts—for so you call them—this weariness and wakefulness together Brother, who stands and works in open air, would I could rest like him; but mine is mostly but dull woman’s work—sitting, sitting, restless sitting.” “But, do you not go walk at times? These woods are wide.” “And lonesome; lonesome, because so wide. Sometimes, ‘tis true, of afternoons, I go a little way; but soon come back again. Better feel lone by hearth, than rock. The shadows hereabouts I know—those in the woods are strangers.” “But the night?” “Just like the day. Thinking, thinking—a wheel I cannot stop; pure want of sleep it is that turns it.” “I have heard that, for this wakeful weariness, to say one’s prayers, and then lay one’s head upon a fresh hop pillow—” “Look!” Through the fairy window, she pointed down the steep to a small garden patch near by—mere pot of rifled loam, half rounded in by sheltering rocks— where, side by side, some feet apart, nipped and puny, two hop-vines climbed two poles, and, gaining their tip-ends, would have then joined over in an upward clasp, but the baffled shoots, groping awhile in empty air, trailed back whence they sprung. “You have tried the pillow, then?” “Yes.”

Korean afternoons: 오후에는 흔히. baffled: 실패하는. clasp: 껴안다, 죔쇠, 악수, 포옹, 에 휘 감기다, 꽉 쥐다, 꼭 쥐다, 버클, 걸쇠, 전투 기장, 쥠. groping: 암중 모색하는, 손으로 더듬 는. hearth: 노변, 화상, 노, 가정, 난로 바 닥. hereabouts: 이 근방에. hop: 홉, 춤추다, 마약, 앙감질, 아편,

뛰다, 홉 열매를 따다, 이륙하다, 도약 , 짧은 여행, 홉의 열매를 따다. loam: 롬, 양토, 찰흙, 옥토. lonesome: 쓸쓸한, 외로운, 고독의, 인 적이 드문, 혼자. pillow: 베개, 방석, 덧대는 물건-베개 로 하다, 베개삼다, 베어링, 올려놓다. puny: 아주 작은, 미약한, 보잘것 없는 , 자그마한. rifled: 강선이 달린, 선조에 물리도록 되어 있는.

sprung: 얼근한. upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는, 이상, 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로 향한, 위 로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로. wakeful: 방심하지 않는, 자지 않는, 잠 못이루는, 잘 깨는, 깨어 있는, 불 침번의. wakefulness: 잠이 오지 않음. whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, 어 디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는, 어디로부터.

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“And%prayer?” “Prayer and pillow.” “Is there no other cure, or charm?” “Oh, if I could but once get to yonder house, and but look upon whoever the happy being is that lives there! A foolish thought: why do I think it? Is it that I live so lonesome, and know nothing?” “I, too, know nothing; and, therefore, cannot answer; but, for your sake, Marianna, well could wish that I were that happy one of the happy house you dream you see; for then you would behold him now, and, as you say, this weariness might leave you.” —Enough. Launching my yawl no more for fairy-land, I stick to the piazza. It is my box-royal; and this amphitheatre, my theatre of San Carlo. Yes, the scenery is magical—the illusion so complete. And Madam Meadow Lark, my prima donna, plays her grand engagement here; and, drinking in her sunrise note, which, Memnon-like, seems struck from the golden window, how far from me the weary face behind it. But, every night, when the curtain falls, truth comes in with darkness. No light shows from the mountain. To and fro I walk the piazza deck, haunted by Marianna’s face, and many as real a story.

Korean amphitheatre: 계단강의실, 계단식 관 람석, 원형연기장, 원형 경기장, 원형 극장, 계단 교실. behold: 보다. donna: 귀부인, 부인, 숙녀. drinking: 음주의, 마시기의, 음용의. engagement: 약혼, 고용, 약속, 초빙, 용무, 교전, 맞물림, 연대성, 일, 계약. foolish: 하찮은, 바보같은, 미련한, 어 리석은. fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로, 저쪽으

로. 싫증나다, 지루하게 하다, 지루해지다 haunted: 붙은, 고뇌에 시달린, 도깨비 , 피로한, 싫증나게 하다. 가 나오는, 유령이 나오는, 무엇에 흘 yawl: 고물 근처에 두 개째의 짧은 돛 린. 대가 있는 범선, 배에 실은 잡용정, 울 illusion: 환상, 환영, 착각, 환각, 오해, 부짖다, 고양이의 구슬프게 짖는 소리 미망. , 욜형 돛단배, 비통한 목소리로 불평 prima: 으뜸가는, 제일의, 주요한. 을 말하다, 동물이 비통한 소리를 내 scenery: 풍경, 경치, 무대 배경, 세트, 다, 멀리서 짖다, 개의 구슬프게 짖는 배경, 무대면. 소리. weary: 지치다, 지치게 하다, 지치게 yonder: 저기에, 저쪽, 훨씬 저쪽의, 저 하는, 싫어진, 넌더리나는, 동경하다, 곳에, 저곳에의.

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BARTLEBY

I %am a rather elderly man. The nature of my avocations, for the last thirty years, has brought me into more than ordinary contact with what would seem an interesting and somewhat singular set of men, of whom, as yet, nothing, that I know of, has ever been written—I mean, the law-copyists, or scriveners. I have known very many of them, professionally and privately, and, if I pleased, could relate divers histories, at which good-natured gentlemen might smile, and sentimental souls might weep. But I waive the biographies of all other scriveners, for a few passages in the life of Bartleby, who was a scrivener, the strangest I ever saw, or heard of. While, of other law-copyists, I might write the complete life, of Bartleby nothing of that sort can be done. I believe that no materials exist, for a full and satisfactory biography of this man. It is an irreparable loss to literature. Bartleby was one of those beings of whom nothing is ascertainable, except from the original sources, and, in his case, those are very small. What my own astonished eyes saw of Bartleby, that is all I know of him, except, indeed, one vague report, which will appear in the sequel. Ere introducing the scrivener, as he first appeared to me, it is fit I make some mention of myself, my employés, my business, my chambers, and general surroundings; because some such description is indispensable to an adequate understanding of the chief character about to be presented. Imprimis: I am a man who, from his youth upwards, has been filled with a profound conviction

Korean ascertainable: 확인할 수 있는. astonished: 놀란. biography: 전기, 전기 문학. chambers: 독신자용 셋방, 판사실, 변호사 사무실. divers: 약간의, 여러가지의, 몇 개의. ere: 하기 전에, 오히려. good-natured: 성질이좋은. imprimis: 최초에, 맨처음에, 우선적으로, 최초로. indispensable: 피할 수 없는, 필요 불

가결한, 피치못할, 절대필요한것, singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의, 없어서는 안되는, 필요불가결한 사람, 현저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌 없어서는 안될. 단수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한, irreparable: 수선할 수 없는, 돌이킬 단수형. 수 없는. waive: 포기하다, 그만두다, 연기하다, professionally: 전문적으로, 보류하다, 철회하다. 직업적으로, 전문적으로 말하면, weep: 울다, 흘리다, 눈물을 흘리다, 직업상. 슬퍼하다, 스며 나오게 하다, scrivener: 공증인, 대서인, 금융업자. 물방울이 듣다, 비탄하다, 스며내다, sentimental: 감상적인, 감정의, 에 눈물을 흘리다, 물기를 내뿜다, 다감한, 감정적인, 감정에 바탕을 둔. 가지를 축 늘어뜨리다. sequel: 계속 결과 후편 추이

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The Piazza Tales

that the easiest way of life is the best. Hence, though I belong to a profession proverbially energetic and nervous, even to turbulence, at times, yet nothing of that sort have I ever suffered to invade my peace. I am one of those unambitious lawyers who never addresses a jury, or in any way draws down public applause; but, in the cool tranquillity of a snug retreat, do a snug business among rich men’s bonds, and mortgages, and title-deeds. All who know me, consider me an eminently safe man. The late John Jacob Astor, a personage little given to poetic enthusiasm, had no hesitation in pronouncing my first grand point to be prudence; my next, method. I do not speak it in vanity, but simply record the fact, that I was not unemployed in my profession by the late John Jacob Astor; a name which, I admit, I love to repeat; for it hath a rounded and orbicular sound to it, and rings like unto bullion. I will freely add, that I was not insensible to the late John Jacob Astor’s good opinion.% Some time prior to the period at which this little history begins, my avocations had been largely increased. The good old office, now extinct in the State of New York, of a Master in Chancery, had been conferred upon me. It was not a very arduous office, but very pleasantly remunerative. I seldom lose my temper; much more seldom indulge in dangerous indignation at wrongs and outrages; but, I must be permitted to be rash here, and declare, that I consider the sudden and violent abrogation of the office of Master in Chancery, by the new Constitution, as a——premature act; inasmuch as I had counted upon a life-lease of the profits, whereas I only received those of a few short years. But this is by the way. My chambers were up stairs, at No.——Wall street. At one end, they looked upon the white wall of the interior of a spacious skylight shaft, penetrating the building from top to bottom. This view might have been considered rather tame than otherwise, deficient in what landscape painters call “life.” But, if so, the view from the other end of my chambers offered, at least, a contrast, if nothing more. In that direction, my windows commanded an unobstructed view of a lofty brick wall, black by age and everlasting shade; which wall required no spy-glass to bring out its lurking

Korean abrogation: 폐지, 폐기, 철폐. arduous: 험악한, 부지런한, 힘드는, 어려운, 험한, 분투적인. bullion: 금덩어리. everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는, 변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥, 영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사. hath: 직설법, 현재. inasmuch: 때문에, 이므로, 인 한은. insensible: 무감각한, 의식이 없는, 인사 불성의, 무관심한, 알아채리 못할

정도로, 인사불성의, 감지할수 없는, 무신경의, 아주 적은, 감수성 없는, 무신경인. orbicular: 원형의, 공모양의, 공 모양의. personage: 인물, 저명 인사, 사람, 명사, 소설의 등장 인물, 등장 인물, 극의 등장 인물, 역사상의 인물. pronouncing: 발음, 발음의, 발표, 선언, 발음을 표시하는. prudence: 신중, 분별, 사려, 검소, 여

자 이름, 사려 분별. remunerative: 유리한, 보수가 있는, 이익있는, 보답이 있는, 수지 맞는, 수익이 있는, 이익이 있는. skylight: 천장, 천공광, 채광창. snug: 아늑한, 넉넉한, 숨은, 조촐한, 깨끗한, 내항성있는, 잘 정비된, 서로 기분 좋게 눕다, 가지런히 정비된, 단정히 하다, 아담한. unambitious: 수수한, 삼가는, 대망이 없는, 공명심이 없는.

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beauties, but, for the benefit of all near-sighted spectators, was pushed up to within ten feet of my window panes. Owing to the great height of the surrounding buildings, and my chambers being on the second floor, the interval between this wall and mine not a little resembled a huge square cistern.% At the period just preceding the advent of Bartleby, I had two persons as copyists in my employment, and a promising lad as an office-boy. First, Turkey; second, Nippers; third, Ginger Nut. These may seem names, the like of which are not usually found in the Directory. In truth, they were nicknames, mutually conferred upon each other by my three clerks, and were deemed expressive of their respective persons or characters. Turkey was a short, pursy Englishman, of about my own age—that is, somewhere not far from sixty. In the morning, one might say, his face was of a fine florid hue, but after twelve o’clock, meridian— his dinner hour—it blazed like a grate full of Christmas coals; and continued blazing—but, as it were, with a gradual wane—till six o’clock, P.M., or thereabouts; after which, I saw no more of the proprietor of the face, which, gaining its meridian with the sun, seemed to set with it, to rise, culminate, and decline the following day, with the like regularity and undiminished glory. There are many singular coincidences I have known in the course of my life, not the least among which was the fact, that, exactly when Turkey displayed his fullest beams from his red and radiant countenance, just then, too, at that critical moment, began the daily period when I considered his business capacities as seriously disturbed for the remainder of the twenty-four hours. Not that he was absolutely idle, or averse to business, then; far from it. The difficulty was, he was apt to be altogether too energetic. There was a strange, inflamed, flurried, flighty recklessness of activity about him. He would be incautious in dipping his pen into his inkstand. All his blots upon my documents were dropped there after twelve o’clock, meridian. Indeed, not only would he be reckless, and sadly given to making blots in the afternoon, but, some days, he went further, and was rather noisy. At such times, too, his face flamed with augmented blazonry, as if cannel coal had been heaped on anthracite. He made an unpleasant racket with his chair; spilled his sand-box; in mending his pens, impatiently split them all to pieces, and threw them on the floor in a sudden passion; stood up, and leaned

Korean anthracite: 무연탄. augmented: 증가된, 는, 증음된. averse: 반대하여, 싫어하다, 싫어하여, 원줄기에서 바깥쪽을 향한. blazonry: 문장, 미관, 화화한 겉치레, 문장 묘사법, 장관. cannel: 촉탄. culminate: 완결시키다, 최고점에 달하다, 최고도에 달하다, 남중하다, 의 최후를 장식하다, 드디어..이 되다, 전성의 극에 달하다, 절정에이르다, 최고

조에 달하다, 남종하다, 극점에 달하다. flighty: 들뜬, 머리가 좀 돈. florid: 화려한, 혈색이 좋은, 불그레한, 현란한, 불그스름한. flurried: 혼란한, 당황한, 동요한. incautious: 무모한, 경솔한, 부주의한. inkstand: 잉크스탠드. mending: 파손품, 수선, 수선할 것, 수선 부분, 고칠 것, 수선 재료. meridian: 정오, 자오선, 환경, 장소,

전성기, 특성, 정점, 자오선의. near-sighted: 근시의, 근시안의. owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에 기인하는. pursy: 뚱뚱한, 숨이 가쁜, 뚱뚱하여 숨이 가쁜, 천식으로 숨이 가쁜. recklessness: 무모, 무분별. thereabouts: 대략, 그 근처에서, 그 무렵에, 그 당시, 그분근에, 그분근처에. undiminished: 쇠퇴되지 않은, 줄지 않은

20

The Piazza Tales

over%his table, boxing his papers about in a most indecorous manner, very sad to behold in an elderly man like him. Nevertheless, as he was in many ways a most valuable person to me, and all the time before twelve o’clock, meridian, was the quickest, steadiest creature, too, accomplishing a great deal of work in a style not easily to be matched—for these reasons, I was willing to overlook his eccentricities, though, indeed, occasionally, I remonstrated with him. I did this very gently, however, because, though the civilest, nay, the blandest and most reverential of men in the morning, yet, in the afternoon, he was disposed, upon provocation, to be slightly rash with his tongue—in fact, insolent. Now, valuing his morning services as I did, and resolved not to lose them—yet, at the same time, made uncomfortable by his inflamed ways after twelve o’clock—and being a man of peace, unwilling by my admonitions to call forth unseemly retorts from him, I took upon me, one Saturday noon (he was always worse on Saturdays) to hint to him, very kindly, that, perhaps, now that he was growing old, it might be well to abridge his labors; in short, he need not come to my chambers after twelve o’clock, but, dinner over, had best go home to his lodgings, and rest himself till tea-time. But no; he insisted upon his afternoon devotions. His countenance became intolerably fervid, as he oratorically assured me— gesticulating with a long ruler at the other end of the room—that if his services in the morning were useful, how indispensable, then, in the afternoon? “With submission, sir,” said Turkey, on this occasion, “I consider myself your right-hand man. In the morning I but marshal and deploy my columns; but in the afternoon I put myself at their head, and gallantly charge the foe, thus”—and he made a violent thrust with the ruler. “But the blots, Turkey,” intimated I. “True; but, with submission, sir, behold these hairs! I am getting old. Surely, sir, a blot or two of a warm afternoon is not to be severely urged against gray hairs. Old age—even if it blot the page—is honorable. With submission, sir, we both are getting old.” This appeal to my fellow-feeling was hardly to be resisted. At all events, I saw that go he would not. So, I made up my mind to let him stay, resolving,

Korean abridge: 간추리다, 적요하다, 단축하다, 줄이다, 요약하다. blot: 얼룩, 지우다, 오명, 때, 오점, 감추다, 결점-더럽히다, 잡히기 쉬운 말, 흠, 잉크를 배게 하다, 번지다. columns: 열. deploy: 전개시키다, 전개하다, 배치, 전개. devotions: 기도. fervid: 타오르는 듯한. foe: 적, 적군, 원수, 상대.

gallantly: 용감하게, 친절히, 친절하게, 정중하게, 씩씩하게, 당당하게, 상냥하게. honorable: 존경할 만한, 고귀한, 명예로운, 훌륭한, 수치를 아는, 영광의. indecorous: 버릇없는, 무례한. inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한, 얼굴이 빨개진, 흥분한. insolent: 무례한, 건방진, 오만한, 안하무인의. intolerably: 참을수 없이 극히 견디

지 못하게. lodgings: 셋방. nay: 아니, 거절, 반대 투표, 거부, 그 뿐만아니라, 불가능하다, 그렇기는 커녕, 그렇기는 하나, 라기보다는, 반대, 뿐만아니라. reverential: 경건한, 공손한, 존경을 표시하는, 존경을 표하는. unseemly: 꼴사나운, 꼴사납게, 보기흉한, 부적당한, 보기 흉한, 보기 흉하게, 부적당하게.

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nevertheless, to see to it that, during the afternoon, he had to do with my less important papers.% Nippers, the second on my list, was a whiskered, sallow, and, upon the whole, rather piratical-looking young man, of about five and twenty. I always deemed him the victim of two evil powers—ambition and indigestion. The ambition was evinced by a certain impatience of the duties of a mere copyist, an unwarrantable usurpation of strictly professional affairs, such as the original drawing up of legal documents. The indigestion seemed betokened in an occasional nervous testiness and grinning irritability, causing the teeth to audibly grind together over mistakes committed in copying; unnecessary maledictions, hissed, rather than spoken, in the heat of business; and especially by a continual discontent with the height of the table where he worked. Though of a very ingenious mechanical turn, Nippers could never get this table to suit him. He put chips under it, blocks of various sorts, bits of pasteboard, and at last went so far as to attempt an exquisite adjustment, by final pieces of folded blotting-paper. But no invention would answer. If, for the sake of easing his back, he brought the table lid at a sharp angle well up towards his chin, and wrote, there like a man using the steep roof of a Dutch house for his desk, then he declared that it stopped the circulation in his arms. If now he lowered the table to his waistbands, and stooped over it in writing, then there was a sore aching in his back. In short, the, truth of the matter was, Nippers knew not what he wanted. Or, if he wanted anything, it was to be rid of a scrivener’s table altogether. Among the manifestations of his diseased ambition was a fondness he had for receiving visits from certain ambiguous-looking fellows in seedy coats, whom he called his clients. Indeed, I was aware that not only was he, at times, considerable of a ward-politician, but he occasionally did a little business at the Justices’ courts, and was not unknown on the steps of the Tombs. I have good reason to believe, however, that one individual who called upon him at my chambers, and who, with a grand air, he insisted was his client, was no other than a dun, and the alleged title-deed, a bill. But, with all his failings, and the annoyances he caused me, Nippers, like his compatriot Turkey, was a very useful man to me; wrote a neat, swift hand; and, when he chose, was not

Korean aching: 쑤시는, 아픈. 화불량, 위약, 이해부족, 소화가 안됨. audibly: 들리도록, 들을 수 있도록, irritability: 성급함, 화를 잘냄, 들을 수 있게, 들릴 만큼. 흥분성, 자극, 성미가 급함, 민감함, compatriot: 동포, 같은 나라의, 동료, 성을 잘냄. 동국인, 동포의. pasteboard: 판지, 카드, 명함, 입장권, copyist: 모방자, 필생, 필경자, 베끼는 두꺼운 종이, 종이로 만든. 사람. sallow: 누르스름한, 땅버들, 창백하게 discontent: 불만, 불만을 품게하다, 하다, 혈색이 나쁜, 버드나무속의 불만의 원인, 불만이 있는, 불평이 식물, 누르스름한 색이 되게 되다, 있는. 누르스름한 빛깔, 누르스름한 색이 diseased: 병적인, 병의, 병에 걸린. 되게 하다. indigestion: 미숙 소화 불량 지적 소

seedy: 초라한, 기분이 좋지 않은, 씨 많은, 야윈, 풀향기가 나는, 씨가 많은. testiness: 퉁명스러움, 성미가 급함. unwarrantable: 부당한, 보증할 수 없는, 정당성을 인정하기 어려운. usurpation: 강탈, 권리 침해, 횡령, 왕위 친탈, 권리침해, 찬탈, 탈취, 왕위 찬탈. whiskered: 구레나룻 있는, 구레나룻이 난.

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The Piazza Tales

deficient%in a gentlemanly sort of deportment. Added to this, he always dressed in a gentlemanly sort of way; and so, incidentally, reflected credit upon my chambers. Whereas, with respect to Turkey, I had much ado to keep him from being a reproach to me. His clothes were apt to look oily, and smell of eatinghouses. He wore his pantaloons very loose and baggy in summer. His coats were execrable; his hat not to be handled. But while the hat was a thing of indifference to me, inasmuch as his natural civility and deference, as a dependent Englishman, always led him to doff it the moment he entered the room, yet his coat was another matter. Concerning his coats, I reasoned with him; but with no effect. The truth was, I suppose, that a man with so small an income could not afford to sport such a lustrous face and a lustrous coat at one and the same time. As Nippers once observed, Turkey’s money went chiefly for red ink. One winter day, I presented Turkey with a highly respectable-looking coat of my own—a padded gray coat, of a most comfortable warmth, and which buttoned straight up from the knee to the neck. I thought Turkey would appreciate the favor, and abate his rashness and obstreperousness of afternoons. But no; I verily believe that buttoning himself up in so downy and blanket-like a coat had a pernicious effect upon him—upon the same principle that too much oats are bad for horses. In fact, precisely as a rash, restive horse is said to feel his oats, so Turkey felt his coat. It made him insolent. He was a man whom prosperity harmed. Though, concerning the self-indulgent habits of Turkey, I had my own private surmises, yet, touching Nippers, I was well persuaded that, whatever might be his faults in other respects, he was, at least, a temperate young man. But, indeed, nature herself seemed to have been his vintner, and, at his birth, charged him so thoroughly with an irritable, brandy-like disposition, that all subsequent potations were needless. When I consider how, amid the stillness of my chambers, Nippers would sometimes impatiently rise from his seat, and stooping over his table, spread his arms wide apart, seize the whole desk, and move it, and jerk it, with a grim, grinding motion on the floor, as if the table were a perverse voluntary agent, intent on thwarting and vexing him, I plainly perceive that, for Nippers, brandy-and-water were altogether superfluous.

Korean abate: 덜다, 내리다, 할인하다, 놓을 수 없는, 솜털 갈은, 언덕이 누구러지다, 누그러뜨리다, 많은. 누그러지다, 줄다 약해지다, execrable: 몹시 싫은, 귀찮은, 중지하다, 감소시키다, 배제하다. 밉살스러운, 저주할. civility: 정중한 태도, 정중, 정중함, favor: 호의를 보이다, 호의, 찬성 예의바름, 공손, 예의바른말, 찬성하다, 부탁, 각별히 보아주다, 예의바른 태도, 예의바른 말, 정중한 애호, 편애하다, 편애, 친절한 행위, 말. 즐겨 착용하다, 즐겨 입다. deportment: 태도, 행실, 처신, 품행, gentlemanly: 신사적인, 예의바른, 행동, 행동 거지, 행동거지, 거동. 점잖은, 신사다운, 교육 잘 받은, doff: 벗다, 버리다. 예의바른 신사처럼. downy: 교활한 솜털의 솜같은 마음

lustrous: 광택있는. pantaloons: 십구세기경의 바지. rashness: 무모, 분별, 무모함. restive: 반항적인, 침착성이 없는, 고집센, 나아가기를 싫어하는, 다루기 힘드는, 다루기 힘든, 들떠 있는, 불안해하는, 앞으로 나아가려 않는, 침착하지 못한, 하기 힘든. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로. vexing: 애태우게 하는. vintner: 포도주, 포도주 상인.

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It was fortunate for me that, owing to its peculiar cause—indigestion—the irritability and consequent nervousness of Nippers were mainly observable in the morning, while in the afternoon he was comparatively mild. So that, Turkey’s paroxysms only coming on about twelve o’clock, I never had to do with their eccentricities at one time. Their fits relieved each other, like guards. When Nippers’s was on, Turkey’s was off; and vice versa. This was a good natural arrangement, under the circumstances.% Ginger Nut, the third on my list, was a lad, some twelve years old. His, father was a carman, ambitious of seeing his son on the bench instead of a cart, before he died. So he sent him to my office, as student at law, errand-boy, cleaner and sweeper, at the rate of one dollar a week. He had a little desk to himself, but he did not use it much. Upon inspection, the drawer exhibited a great array of the shells of various sorts of nuts. Indeed, to this quick-witted youth, the whole noble science of the law was contained in a nut-shell. Not the least among the employments of Ginger Nut, as well as one which he discharged with the most alacrity, was his duty as cake and apple purveyor for Turkey and Nippers. Copying law-papers being proverbially a dry, husky sort of business, my two scriveners were fain to moisten their mouths very often with Spitzenbergs, to be had at the numerous stalls nigh the Custom House and Post Office. Also, they sent Ginger Nut very frequently for that peculiar cake—small, flat, round, and very spicy—after which he had been named by them. Of a cold morning, when business was but dull, Turkey would gobble up scores of these cakes, as if they were mere wafers—indeed, they sell them at the rate of six or eight for a penny— the scrape of his pen blending with the crunching of the crisp particles in his mouth. Of all the fiery afternoon blunders and flurried rashnesses of Turkey, was his once moistening a ginger-cake between his lips, and clapping it on to a mortgage, for a seal. I came within an ace of dismissing him then. But he mollified me by making an oriental bow, and saying— “With submission, sir, it was generous of me to find you in stationery on my own account.”

Korean alacrity: 민활, 활발. blending: 혼합, 혼성어. carman: 전차승무원, 차량정비사, 짐마차의 마부, 운전사, 승무원, 마부. copying: 등사, 복사. fain: 기꺼이, 하고 싶어하는, 쾌히, 하기를 바라는, 하고싶은, 이고싶은, 부득이, 기꺼이 하는, 기꺼이..하는. gobble: 골골 울다, 통째로 삼키다, 게걸스레 먹다, 가블, 칠면조의 울음소리, 게걸스럽게 먹다, 펠라티오 울음

소리를 내다. husky: 쉰 목소리의, 허스키, 에스키모 개, 억센, 실팍한 사람, 실팍진, 깍지의, 건조하다, 겉껍질의, 껍질의, 에스키모 개의. moisten: 습하게 하다, 적시다, 축축하게 하다, 습기차다. nervousness: 소심성, 신경과민, 겁, 신경 과민. nuts: 제기랄, 미친 바보의, 시시해, 열중하여, 미친.

observable: 관찰할 수 있는, 지켜야 할, 주목 할 만한, 눈에 띄게, 주목할 만한. quick-witted: 약삭빠른. scrape: 켜다, 긁어 모으다, 문지르다, 문질러 만들다, 푼푼이 모으다, 비벼 스치며 나아가다, 문질러 지다, 긁어모으다, 면도하다, 발을 비비다, 고생. stationery: 문방구, 편지지, 문구. sweeper: 청소부, 청소기, 청소인, 쓰는 사람 스위퍼

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The Piazza Tales

Now my original business—that of a conveyancer and title hunter, and drawer-up of recondite documents of all sorts—was considerably increased by receiving the master’s office. There was now great work for scriveners. Not only must I push the clerks already with me, but I must have additional help.% In answer to my advertisement, a motionless young man one morning stood upon my office threshold, the door being open, for it was summer. I can see that figure now—pallidly neat, pitiably respectable, incurably forlorn! It was Bartleby. After a few words touching his qualifications, I engaged him, glad to have among my corps of copyists a man of so singularly sedate an aspect, which I thought might operate beneficially upon the flighty temper of Turkey, and the fiery one of Nippers. I should have stated before that ground glass folding-doors divided my premises into two parts, one of which was occupied by my scriveners, the other by myself. According to my humor, I threw open these doors, or closed them. I resolved to assign Bartleby a corner by the folding-doors, but on my side of them, so as to have this quiet man within easy call, in case any trifling thing was to be done. I placed his desk close up to a small side-window in that part of the room, a window which originally had afforded a lateral view of certain grimy backyards and bricks, but which, owing to subsequent erections, commanded at present no view at all, though it gave some light. Within three feet of the panes was a wall, and the light came down from far above, between two lofty buildings, as from a very small opening in a dome. Still further to a satisfactory arrangement, I procured a high green folding screen, which might entirely isolate Bartleby from my sight, though not remove him from my voice. And thus, in a manner, privacy and society were conjoined. At first, Bartleby did an extraordinary quantity of writing. As if long famishing for something to copy, he seemed to gorge himself on my documents. There was no pause for digestion. He ran a day and night line, copying by sunlight and by candle-light. I should have been quite delighted with his application,

Korean advertisement: 광고, 선전, 통고. beneficially: 이익을 받게, 유익하게. conveyancer: 부동산 양도 취급인, 운반자, 전달자. corps: 단, 군단, 단체, 학우회, 대, 특수 병과, 반. delighted: 기쁜, 매우 즐거운. digestion: 소화, 소화 작용, 소화제. folding: 접는, 접을 수 있는, 저게된. forlorn: 고독한, 버림받은, 비참한, 절망적인.

grimy: 때묻은, 때으로 더러워진, 더러운, 검댕으로 더럽혀진, 때로 더럽혀진. humor: 해학, 기질, 만족시키다, 기분, 유머, 심기, 잘 다루다, 일시적인 기분, 익살, 유우머, 우스개. incurably: 불치의. lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한, 치속은, 대단히 높은, 숭고한, 거드럭거리는, 매우 높은. pitiably: 부쌍하게, 비열하게.

recondite: 숨겨진, 난해한, 심원한, 알기 어려운, 심오한. resolved: 단호한, 결심한, 깊이 생각한, 숙고한, 결의한. sedate: 수수한, 진지한, 침착한, 차분한, 점잖은, 진정시키다. singularly: 단수로, 단수, 이상하게, 훌륭한, 각각의 단수의, 개개의, 단 하나의, 독특한, 멋진, 이상한, 현저한. trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한, 사소한 게으른

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had he been cheerfully industrious. But he wrote on silently, palely, mechanically. It is, of course, an indispensable part of a scrivener’s business to verify the accuracy of his copy, word by word. Where there are two or more scriveners in an office, they assist each other in this examination, one reading from the copy, the other holding the original. It is a very dull, wearisome, and lethargic affair. I can readily imagine that, to some sanguine temperaments, it would be altogether intolerable. For example, I cannot credit that the mettlesome poet, Byron, would have contentedly sat down with Bartleby to examine a law document of, say five hundred pages, closely written in a crimpy hand.% Now and then, in the haste of business, it had been my habit to assist in comparing some brief document myself, calling Turkey or Nippers for this purpose. One object I had, in placing Bartleby so handy to me behind the screen, was, to avail myself of his services on such trivial occasions. It was on the third day, I think, of his being with me, and before any necessity had arisen for having his own writing examined, that, being much hurried to complete a small affair I had in hand, I abruptly called to Bartleby. In my haste and natural expectancy of instant compliance, I sat with my head bent over the original on my desk, and my right hand sideways, and somewhat nervously extended with the copy, so that, immediately upon emerging from his retreat, Bartleby might snatch it and proceed to business without the least delay. In this very attitude did I sit when I called to him, rapidly stating what it was I wanted him to do—namely, to examine a small paper with me. Imagine my surprise, nay, my consternation, when, without moving from his privacy, Bartleby, in a singularly mild, firm voice, replied, “I would prefer not to.” I sat awhile in perfect silence, rallying my stunned faculties. Immediately it occurred to me that my ears had deceived me, or Bartleby had entirely misunderstood my meaning. I repeated my request in the clearest tone I could assume; but in quite as clear a one came the previous reply, “I would prefer not to.”

Korean avail: 이익, 도움이되다, 소용이되다, 효용, 이롭다-이익.효용, 이롭다, 유용하다, 효력이 있다, 에 도움이 되다. consternation: 깜짝 놀람, 대경실색, 경악. contentedly: 만족스럽게. crimpy: 곱슬곱슬한, 추운, 주름진, 물결모양의. deceived: 사기하는. haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다, 서두르다 서두르게 하다 성급 급함

hurried: 매우 급한, 재촉하는. industrious: 근면한, 부지런한, 애쓰는. lethargic: 졸린, 노곤한, 혼수상태, 기면증의, 기면성의. mechanically: 기계로, 기계적으로, 기계 장치로. mettlesome: 위세좋은, 기운찬. palely: 엷게, 창백하게, 활기없이. sanguine: 희망에 찬, 명랑한, 혈색이 좋은, 쾌활한, 다혈질의, 피비린내나

는, 붉은 초크 그림, 붉은 초크, 붉은 크레용 그림, 붉은 크레용. snatch: 와락 붙잡다, 잡아챔, 작은 조각, 강탈, 급히 먹다, 한입, 단시간, 단편, 잡으려고 하다, 용하게 얻다, 움켜잡으려들다. verify: 실증하다, 입증하다, 의 천공 검사를하다, 확인하다, 증명하다, 검증하다. wearisome: 지치게 하는, 피곤하게 하는, 따분하게 하는, 지루한.

26

The Piazza Tales

“Prefer not to,” echoed I, rising in high excitement, and crossing the room with a stride. “What do you mean? Are you moon-struck? I want you to help me compare this sheet here—take it,” and I thrust it towards him. “I would prefer not to,” said he.% I looked at him steadfastly. His face was leanly composed; his gray eye dimly calm. Not a wrinkle of agitation rippled him. Had there been the least uneasiness, anger, impatience or impertinence in his manner; in other words, had there been any thing ordinarily human about him, doubtless I should have violently dismissed him from the premises. But as it was, I should have as soon thought of turning my pale plaster-of-paris bust of Cicero out of doors. I stood gazing at him awhile, as he went on with his own writing, and then reseated myself at my desk. This is very strange, thought I. What had one best do? But my business hurried me. I concluded to forget the matter for the present, reserving it for my future leisure. So calling Nippers from the other room, the paper was speedily examined. A few days after this, Bartleby concluded four lengthy documents, being quadruplicates of a week’s testimony taken before me in my High Court of Chancery. It became necessary to examine them. It was an important suit, and great accuracy was imperative. Having all things arranged, I called Turkey, Nippers and Ginger Nut, from the next room, meaning to place the four copies in the hands of my four clerks, while I should read from the original. Accordingly, Turkey, Nippers, and Ginger Nut had taken their seats in a row, each with his document in his hand, when I called to Bartleby to join this interesting group. “Bartleby! quick, I am waiting.” I heard a slow scrape of his chair legs on the uncarpeted floor, and soon he appeared standing at the entrance of his hermitage. “What is wanted?” said he, mildly. “The copies, the copies,” said I, hurriedly. “We are going to examine them. There”—and I held towards him the fourth quadruplicate. “I would prefer not to,” he said, and gently disappeared behind the screen.

Korean agitation: 선동, 동요, 흥분, 동란, 명령, 긴급한, 명령법의, 명령법, 논의, 뒤흔들기. 긴요한, 위엄있는, 필수적인, 필요성, dimly: 희미하게, 어둑하게, 강제적인. 어스레하게, 어슴푸레하게, 어렴풋이, impertinence: 부적절한 행위, 무례한 아련히. 행위, 무례, 건방짐, 부적당한, hermitage: 은자의 집, 은자의집, 건방진, 당치 않은, 무례하게도, 은자가 사는 집. 무례한, 무례한사람, 부적절 관계. hurriedly: 매우 급히, 서둘러서. mildly: 온화하게, 상냥하게, impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조, 부드럽게, 다소, 약간. 견딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급, ordinarily: 대개, 보통, 그만하게, 보통 안달, 성급. 정도로, 보통으로. imperative: 피할 수 없는 명령적인

quadruplicate: 네겹으로 하다, 네 배의, 네 겹으로 하다, 네 배로 하다, 네 통 중의 하나, 네 겹의. speedily: 즉시의, 재빠른, 조속한, 민속한, 빨리. steadfastly: 확고부동하게, 불변으로. uneasiness: 불안, 거북함, 걱정, 불쾌, 불유쾌. wrinkle: 좋은 생각, 주름, 묘안, 주름지다, 주름잡다, 멋진 생각, 새 취향, 주름살지다.

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For a few moments I was turned into a pillar of salt, standing at the head of my seated column of clerks. Recovering myself, I advanced towards the screen, and demanded the reason for such extraordinary conduct. “Why do you refuse?” “I would prefer not to.” With any other man I should have flown outright into a dreadful passion, scorned all further words, and thrust him ignominiously from my presence. But there was something about Bartleby that not only strangely disarmed me, but, in a wonderful manner, touched and disconcerted me. I began to reason with him.% “These are your own copies we are about to examine. It is labor saving to you, because one examination will answer for your four papers. It is common usage. Every copyist is bound to help examine his copy. Is it not so? Will you not speak? Answer!” “I prefer not to,” he replied in a flutelike tone. It seemed to me that, while I had been addressing him, he carefully revolved every statement that I made; fully comprehended the meaning; could not gainsay the irresistible conclusion; but, at the same time, some paramount consideration prevailed with him to reply as he did. “You are decided, then, not to comply with my request—a request made according to common usage and common sense?” He briefly gave me to understand, that on that point my judgment was sound. Yes: his decision was irreversible. It is not seldom the case that, when a man is browbeaten in some unprecedented and violently unreasonable way, he begins to stagger in his own plainest faith. He begins, as it were, vaguely to surmise that, wonderful as it may be, all the justice and all the reason is on the other side. Accordingly, if any disinterested persons are present, he turns to them for some reinforcement for his own faltering mind. “Turkey,” said I, “what do you think of this? Am I not right?”

Korean addressing: 어드레싱, 어드레스 지정. 억누를수 없는, 사람을 녹이는싫다, 둥 모양의 우체통, 기둥으로 받치다, disconcerted: 당혹한, 당황한. 누를 수 없는, 꼼짝 못하게 하는. 붉은 기둥 모양의 우체통. disinterested: 공평한, 사심이 없는, irreversible: 거꾸로 할 수없는, reinforcement: 보강, 강화, 증원, 무관심한, 무관심, 사심 없는, 흥미 철회할수 없는, 뒤집을 수 없는, 증원군, 증원대, 지원병, 보급, 증원 없는. 취소할 수 없는, 변경할수 없는, 함대, 증원 부대, 보강재. faltering: 비틀거리는, 말을 역전할수 없는, 철회할 수 없는, stagger: 비틀거리다, 망설이다, 더듬거리는, 주저하는. 거꾸로할 수 없는. 흔들리다, 엇걸림, 깜짝 놀라다, gainsay: 반박하다, 부정, 반론, labor: 노동, 수고, 애써 만들다, 시차방식, 어지러움, 서로 엇걸리게 부정하다. 일하다, 노력, 근로, 진통, 진통으로 배열하다, 현기, 흔들리게 하다, irresistible: 저항할 수 없는, 괴로워하다, 몹시 흔들리다, 진통으로 주저하다. 불문곡직의, 좋다 할수없는, 제어할 괴로와하다, 일. surmise: 추량, 추측하다, 추측, 수 없는 pillar: 기둥 주석 기둥 모양의 것 기 추량하다

28

The Piazza Tales

“With submission, sir,” said Turkey, in his blandest tone, “I think that you are.” “Nippers,” said I, “what do you think of it?” “I think I should kick him out of the office.” (The reader, of nice perceptions, will here perceive that, it being morning, Turkey’s answer is couched in polite and tranquil terms, but Nippers replies in ill-tempered ones. Or, to repeat a previous sentence, Nippers’s ugly mood was on duty, and Turkey’s off.) “Ginger Nut,” said I, willing to enlist the smallest suffrage in my behalf, “what do you think of it?” “I think, sir, he’s a little luny,” replied Ginger Nut, with a grin.% “You hear what they say,” said I, turning towards the screen, “come forth and do your duty.” But he vouchsafed no reply. I pondered a moment in sore perplexity. But once more business hurried me. I determined again to postpone the consideration of this dilemma to my future leisure. With a little trouble we made out to examine the papers without Bartleby, though at every page or two Turkey deferentially dropped his opinion, that this proceeding was quite out of the common; while Nippers, twitching in his chair with a dyspeptic nervousness, ground out, between his set teeth, occasional hissing maledictions against the stubborn oaf behind the screen. And for his (Nippers’s) part, this was the first and the last time he would do another man’s business without pay. Meanwhile Bartleby sat in his hermitage, oblivious to everything but his own peculiar business there. Some days passed, the scrivener being employed upon another lengthy work. His late remarkable conduct led me to regard his ways narrowly. I observed that he never went to dinner; indeed, that he never went anywhere. As yet I had never, of my personal knowledge, known him to be outside of my office. He was a perpetual sentry in the corner. At about eleven o’clock though, in the morning, I noticed that Ginger Nut would advance toward the opening in Bartleby’s

Korean deferentially: 경의를 나타내게, 공손하게. dyspeptic: 소화불량의, 소화불량인 사람, 우울하고 화를 잘내는, 우울한 소화불량인 사람, 위병에 걸린, 소화 불량의. enlist: 협력하다, 병적에넣다, 입대하다, 병적에 편입하다, 의 찬조를 얻다, 의 협력을 얻다, 징병에 응하다, 참가하다, 의 지지를 얻다. hissing: 쉿소리 나기, 시이시이하기의

스음, 치찰음의, 쉭쉭하기의 스음. ill-tempered: 성미가 까다로운. oaf: 기형아, 백치아, 천치, 기형아의. oblivious: 잊기쉬운, 관심없는, 잠 따위가 잊혀 지게 하는, 잊혀 지게 하는, 잊기 쉬운. perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는, 사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물, 부단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한, 영속하는, 다년생의, 싸움 따위 부단한. perplexity: 난처한 일 당황 혼란 분

규, 난국, 곤혹. postpone: 연기하다, 을 연기하다. proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치, 소송절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송 절차, 행위, 의사, 진행. sentry: 보초, 파수, 망꾼. stubborn: 완고한, 완강한, 다루기 어려운, 말 안 듣는, 단단한. suffrage: 투표, 투표권, 선거권, 남을 위한 짧은 기도. tranquil: 조용한, 평온한, 차분한.

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screen, as if silently beckoned thither by a gesture invisible to me where I sat. The boy would then leave the office, jingling a few pence, and reappear with a handful of ginger-nuts, which he delivered in the hermitage, receiving two of the cakes for his trouble.% He lives, then, on ginger-nuts, thought I; never eats a dinner, properly speaking; he must be a vegetarian, then; but no; he never eats even vegetables, he eats nothing but ginger-nuts. My mind then ran on in reveries concerning the probable effects upon the human constitution of living entirely on ginger-nuts. Ginger-nuts are so called, because they contain ginger as one of their peculiar constituents, and the final flavoring one. Now, what was ginger? A hot, spicy thing. Was Bartleby hot and spicy? Not at all. Ginger, then, had no effect upon Bartleby. Probably, he preferred it should have none. Nothing so aggravates an earnest person as a passive resistance. If the individual so resisted be of a not inhumane temper, and the resisting one perfectly harmless in his passivity, then, in the better moods of the former, he will endeavor charitably to construe to his imagination what proves impossible to be solved by his judgment. Even so, for the most part, I regarded Bartleby and his ways. Poor fellow! thought I, he means no mischief; it is plain he intends no insolence; his aspect sufficiently evinces that his eccentricities are involuntary. He is useful to me. I can get along with him. If I turn him away, the chances are he will fall in with some less-indulgent employer, and then he will be rudely treated, and perhaps driven forth miserably to starve. Yes. Here I can cheaply purchase a delicious self-approval. To befriend Bartleby; to humor him in his strange willfulness, will cost me little or nothing, while I lay up in my soul what will eventually prove a sweet morsel for my conscience. But this mood was not invariable, with me. The passiveness of Bartleby sometimes irritated me. I felt strangely goaded on to encounter him in new opposition—to elicit some angry spark from him answerable to my own. But, indeed, I might as well have essayed to strike fire with my knuckles against a bit of Windsor soap. But one afternoon the evil impulse in me mastered me, and the following little scene ensued:

Korean answerable: 책임이 있는, 답할 수 있는, 책임있는, 알맞은, 대답할 수 있는, 해당할 만한. befriend: 돕다, 친구가 되다, 사귀다, 돌보아주다, 의 편이 되다. charitably: 자선의, 관대한, 자비로운. construe: 해석하다, 직역, 구문 분석, 구문을 설명하다, 직역하다, 해부하다, 분석 연습, 축어역, 해석되다, 해석할 수 있다, 그의 구성요소를 분석하다.

elicit: 끌어내다, 도출하다. endeavor: 노력하다, 하려고 노력하다, 노력, 시도하다. flavoring: 맛내기, 양념, 조미, 조미료. inhumane: 몰인정한, 무자비한, 동정심이 없는, 친절미가 없는. insolence: 오만, 무례, 거만함, 건방진, 건방진태도, 거만. invariable: 불변의, 상수, 변화하지 않는, 상수의, 불변량, 변화없는, 변치 않는 것, 일정한.

morsel: 소량, 한조각, 한입, 한 입, 음식물의 한 입. passiveness: 수동. passivity: 무저항, 수동성, 복종, 수동, 냉정, 비활동, 인내. rudely: 조잡하게, 무례하게, 버릇없이, 거칠게, 불쑥, 격력하게. thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 저쪽으로. willfulness: 계획적임, 고의임, 외고집.

30

The Piazza Tales

“Bartleby,” said I, “when those papers are all copied, I will compare them with you.” “I would prefer not to.” “How? Surely you do not mean to persist in that mulish vagary?” No answer.% I threw open the folding-doors near by, and, turning upon Turkey and Nippers, exclaimed: “Bartleby a second time says, he won’t examine his papers. What do you think of it, Turkey?” It was afternoon, be it remembered. Turkey sat glowing like a brass boiler; his bald head steaming; his hands reeling among his blotted papers. “Think of it?” roared Turkey; “I think I’ll just step behind his screen, and black his eyes for him!” So saying, Turkey rose to his feet and threw his arms into a pugilistic position. He was hurrying away to make good his promise, when I detained him, alarmed at the effect of incautiously rousing Turkey’s combativeness after dinner. “Sit down, Turkey,” said I, “and hear what Nippers has to say. What do you think of it, Nippers? Would I not be justified in immediately dismissing Bartleby?” “Excuse me, that is for you to decide, sir. I think his conduct quite unusual, and, indeed, unjust, as regards Turkey and myself. But it may only be a passing whim.” “Ah,” exclaimed I, “you have strangely changed your mind, then—you speak very gently of him now.” “All beer,” cried Turkey; “gentleness is effects of beer—Nippers and I dined together to-day. You see how gentle I am, sir. Shall I go and black his eyes?” “You refer to Bartleby, I suppose. No, not to-day, Turkey,” I replied; “pray, put up your fists.”

Korean alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝 놀란. bald: 벗어진, 대머리의, 털없는, 노출된, 꾸밈없는, 노골적인, 단조로운, 있는 그대로의, 있는 고대로의, 뻔한, 머리가 벗어지다. boiler: 보일러, 끓이는 그릇, 가마솥, 끓여 먹는 음식, 끓이는 사람. brass: 놋쇠, 금관악기, 철면피, 고급장교, 금전, 놋그릇, 창녀, 놋쇠빛, 축받이, 뻔뻔스러움, 돈.

detained: 유치하는, 감금하는, 구류하는. glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간, 열렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는 것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것. incautiously: 부주의하게, 실수로. mulish: 고집센, 노새 같은, 노새와 같은. papers: 서류, 신문 증명서. persist: 고집하다, 지속하다, 주장하다.

pugilistic: 권투의, 권투 선수의, 프로 권투의. regards: 문안 인사, 편지 따위의 문안 인사. rousing: 활발한, 터무니없는, 열렬한, 각성시키는, 감동케하는, 고무하는, 타오르는, 흥분시키는, 격려하는. strangely: 이상하게, 기묘하게, 서먹서먹하게, 기묘하게도, 색다르게, 이상하게도. unjust: 부정한, 불공평한.

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I closed the doors, and again advanced towards Bartleby. I felt additional incentives tempting me to my fate. I burned to be rebelled against again. I remembered that Bartleby never left the office. “Bartleby,” said I, “Ginger Nut is away; just step around to the Post Office, won’t you? (it was but a three minutes’ walk), and see if there is anything for me.” “I would prefer not to.” “You will not?” “I prefer not.” I staggered to my desk, and sat there in a deep study. My blind inveteracy returned. Was there any other thing in which I could procure myself to be ignominiously repulsed by this lean, penniless wight?—my hired clerk? What added thing is there, perfectly reasonable, that he will be sure to refuse to do? “Bartleby!” No answer.% “Bartleby,” in a louder tone. No answer. “Bartleby,” I roared. Like a very ghost, agreeably to the laws of magical invocation, at the third summons, he appeared at the entrance of his hermitage. “Go to the next room, and tell Nippers to come to me.” “I prefer not to,” he respectfully and slowly said, and mildly disappeared. “Very good, Bartleby,” said I, in a quiet sort of serenely-severe self-possessed tone, intimating the unalterable purpose of some terrible retribution very close at hand. At the moment I half intended something of the kind. But upon the whole, as it was drawing towards my dinner-hour, I thought it best to put on my hat and walk home for the day, suffering much from perplexity and distress of mind.

Korean agreeably: 기꺼이, 쾌히, 일치하여, 유쾌하게, 에 따라서, 에 따라. desk: 편집부, 책상, 서랍, 사무. ghost: 유령, 환영, 망령, 영적인, 유령의, 환상, 근소한 가능성, 혼, 을 따라 다니다, -을 따라 다니다, 대작하다. hired: 고용한, 빌린, 삯주는. inveteracy: 고질, 뿌리깊은, 숙원, 상습적인, 뿌리깊음, 만성, 끈덕진 원한, 뿌리 깊음.

invocation: 기도, 기원, 발동, 시신의 영감을 비는말, 악마를 불러내는 주문. magical: 마술적인, 신기한, 마법 같은, 마법의. penniless: 무일푼의, 찰가난의, 둔 한 푼 없는. procure: 알선하다, 얻다, 가져오다, 획득하다, 뚜쟁이질하다, 일으키다, 특히 노력하거나 애를 써서 획득하다, 매춘부를 주선하다.

respectfully: 삼가, 공손하게, 정중하게, 정중히, 공손히. retribution: 보복, 응보, 천벌, 징벌, 벌. self-possessed: 냉정한, 침착한. summons: 소환, 소집, 호출, 법정에 소환하다, 호출하다, 소환하다, 출두 명령. tempting: 유혹하는, 황홀하게 하는, 부추기는, 마음이 당기는. unalterable: 바꿀 수 없는, 변경할.

32

The Piazza Tales

Shall I acknowledge it? The conclusion of this whole business was, that it soon became a fixed fact of my chambers, that a pale young scrivener, by the name of Bartleby, had a desk there; that he copied for me at the usual rate of four cents a folio (one hundred words); but he was permanently exempt from examining the work done by him, that duty being transferred to Turkey and Nippers, out of compliment, doubtless, to their superior acuteness; moreover, said Bartleby was never, on any account, to be dispatched on the most trivial errand of any sort; and that even if entreated to take upon him such a matter, it was generally understood that he would “prefer not to”—in other words, that he would refuse point-blank.% As days passed on, I became considerably reconciled to Bartleby. His steadiness, his freedom from all dissipation, his incessant industry (except when he chose to throw himself into a standing revery behind his screen), his great stillness, his unalterableness of demeanor under all circumstances, made him a valuable acquisition. One prime thing was this—he was always there—first in the morning, continually through the day, and the last at night. I had a singular confidence in his honesty. I felt my most precious papers perfectly safe in his hands. Sometimes, to be sure, I could not, for the very soul of me, avoid falling into sudden spasmodic passions with him. For it was exceeding difficult to bear in mind all the time those strange peculiarities, privileges, and unheard of exemptions, forming the tacit stipulations on Bartleby’s part under which he remained in my office. Now and then, in the eagerness of dispatching pressing business, I would inadvertently summon Bartleby, in a short, rapid tone, to put his finger, say, on the incipient tie of a bit of red tape with which I was about compressing some papers. Of course, from behind the screen the usual answer, “I prefer not to,” was sure to come; and then, how could a human creature, with the common infirmities of our nature, refrain from bitterly exclaiming upon such perverseness—such unreasonableness. However, every added repulse of this sort which I received only tended to lessen the probability of my repeating the inadvertence.

Korean acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함. compressing: 압착하는, 압축하는. demeanor: 태도, 행동, 행실. dissipation: 낭비, 소산, 방탕, 난봉, 소실, 기분전환, 산재. eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심. errand: 심부름, 볼일, 사명, 심부름의 내용, 내용. folio: 이절지, 단위 어수, 장수, 한장, 장수를 세다, 이 표지, 이책, 전지의 2 절, 전지의 이절, 한 장, 이판.

forming: 형성, 편성, 연합군 부대. inadvertence: 부주의, 실수, 소홀실수, 잘못. incessant: 끊임없는, 간단 없는, 그칠새 없는, 끊임 없는. incipient: 초기의, 시작의, 발단의, 시초의. lessen: 적게하다, 줄이다, 얕보다, 작게 되다, 작게 하다, 적게 되다, 적게 하다. repulse: 격퇴하다, 격퇴, 거절,

퇴짜놓다, 반발, 반박하다, 반감, 물리치다, 거절하다, 증오, 퇴짜. spasmodic: 경련의, 흥분한, 발작적인, 경련성의. steadiness: 불변, 견실함, 끈기, 착실, 한결같음. tacit: 암묵의, 무언의, 침묵의, 양해 등의, 말로 나타내지 않은, 묵시의. unheard: 들리지 않는, 들은 바가 없는, 아직 알지 못한, 아직 듣지 못한.

Herman Melville

33

Here%it must be said, that according to the custom of most legal gentlemen occupying chambers in densely-populated law buildings, there were several keys to my door. One was kept by a woman residing in the attic, which person weekly scrubbed and daily swept and dusted my apartments. Another was kept by Turkey for convenience sake. The third I sometimes carried in my own pocket. The fourth I knew not who had. Now, one Sunday morning I happened to go to Trinity Church, to hear a celebrated preacher, and finding myself rather early on the ground I thought I would walk round to my chambers for a while. Luckily I had my key with me; but upon applying it to the lock, I found it resisted by something inserted from the inside. Quite surprised, I called out; when to my consternation a key was turned from within; and thrusting his lean visage at me, and holding the door ajar, the apparition of Bartleby appeared, in his shirt sleeves, and otherwise in a strangely tattered deshabille, saying quietly that he was sorry, but he was deeply engaged just then, and—preferred not admitting me at present. In a brief word or two, he moreover added, that perhaps I had better walk round the block two or three times, and by that time he would probably have concluded his affairs. Now, the utterly unsurmised appearance of Bartleby, tenanting my lawchambers of a Sunday morning, with his cadaverously gentlemanly nonchalance, yet withal firm and self-possessed, had such a strange effect upon me, that incontinently I slunk away from my own door, and did as desired. But not without sundry twinges of impotent rebellion against the mild effrontery of this unaccountable scrivener. Indeed, it was his wonderful mildness chiefly, which not only disarmed me, but unmanned me as it were. For I consider that one, for the time, is a sort of unmanned when he tranquilly permits his hired clerk to dictate to him, and order him away from his own premises. Furthermore, I was full of uneasiness as to what Bartleby could possibly be doing in my office in his shirt sleeves, and in an otherwise dismantled condition of a Sunday morning. Was anything amiss going on? Nay, that was out of the question. It was not to be thought of for a moment that Bartleby was an immoral person. But what could

Korean ajar: 조화되지 않아, 조금열려, 문이 조금 열려져, 조화를 잃어, 조금 열려, 조금 열려져. apparition: 환영, 유령, 요괴, 출현물. deshabille: 약장. effrontery: 뻔뻔스러움, 뻔뻔스런 행위. immoral: 부도덕한, 품행이 나쁜, 음란한, 외설한, 도덕에 어긋나는. impotent: 무력한, 음위의, 허약한, 노쇠한, 체력이 없는, 노쇠자, 뇌쇠한,

능력이 없는, 무력자, 성교 불능의, 성교불능자. incontinently: 즉시, 자제심이 없는, 자제할수 없게, 음란한. mildness: 온후, 온난, 온화. nonchalance: 아랑곳하지 않음, 냉담, 무관심, 무심함. sundry: 잡다한, 여러가지의. tattered: 해진 옷, 누덕누덕한, 망그러진, 산산조각이 난, 해진. tranquilly: 평온하게, 조용하게,

차분하게. unaccountable: 설명할 수 없는, 까닭을 알 수 없는, 책임이 없는. unmanned: 무인의, 승무원이 없는, 승무원이 타지 않은, 거세된, 사람이 없는, 주민이 없는. visage: 얼굴, 얼굴 모습. withal: 게다가, 또한, 으로써, 그위에, 을 가지고 있는, 을 나타내어, 을 사용하여, 을 상대로, 을 합쳐서, 의 몸에 지니고, 의 일원으로서.

34

The Piazza Tales

he be doing there?—copying? Nay again, whatever might be his eccentricities, Bartleby was an eminently decorous person. He would be the last man to sit down to his desk in any state approaching to nudity. Besides, it was Sunday; and there was something about Bartleby that forbade the supposition that he would by any secular occupation violate the proprieties of the day. Nevertheless, my mind was not pacified; and full of a restless curiosity, at last I returned to the door. Without hindrance I inserted my key, opened it, and entered. %Bartleby was not to be seen. I looked round anxiously, peeped behind his screen; but it was very plain that he was gone. Upon more closely examining the place, I surmised that for an indefinite period Bartleby must have ate, dressed, and slept in my office, and that, too without plate, mirror, or bed. The cushioned seat of a ricketty old sofa in one corner bore the faint impress of a lean, reclining form. Rolled away under his desk, I found a blanket; under the empty grate, a blacking box and brush; on a chair, a tin basin, with soap and a ragged towel; in a newspaper a few crumbs of ginger-nuts and a morsel of cheese. Yes, thought I, it is evident enough that Bartleby has been making his home here, keeping bachelor’s hall all by himself. Immediately then the thought came sweeping across me, what miserable friendlessness and loneliness are here revealed! His poverty is great; but his solitude, how horrible! Think of it. Of a Sunday, Wallstreet is deserted as Petra; and every night of every day it is an emptiness. This building, too, which of week-days hums with industry and life, at nightfall echoes with sheer vacancy, and all through Sunday is forlorn. And here Bartleby makes his home; sole spectator, of a solitude which he has seen all populous—a sort of innocent and transformed Marius brooding among the ruins of Carthage! For the first time in my life a feeling of overpowering stinging melancholy seized me. Before, I had never experienced aught but a not unpleasing sadness. The bond of a common humanity now drew me irresistibly to gloom. A fraternal melancholy! For both I and Bartleby were sons of Adam. I remembered the bright silks and sparkling faces I had seen that day, in gala trim, swan-like sailing down the Mississippi of Broadway; and I contrasted them with the pallid copyist, and thought to myself, Ah, happiness courts the light, so we deem the

Korean blacking: 구두약, 흑색 도료, 흑색도료, 검게 닦음, 검게 함. crumbs: 아이쿠, 이런. decorous: 점잖은, 예의바른, 예의 바른. deem: 생각하다, 으로 생각하다. emptiness: 무지, 덧없음, 공허, 공복, 무의미, 공, 빈 곳, 텅 빔, 빔, 무가치. fraternal: 형제의, 우애의. hindrance: 방해, 장애, 방해물. irresistibly: 저항할 수 없는, 제어할

수 없는, 불문곡직의. 쏘는, 쑤시는 듯한, 찌르는 듯이 아픈, melancholy: 우울, 우울한, 습관적인 통렬한, 얼얼한, 침을 가진, 고민을 우울, 우울병, 체질적인 우울, 우울증. 주는, 가시를 가진. nightfall: 해질녘, 저녁때 해질녁, supposition: 상상, 가정. 황혼. unpleasing: 싫은, 만족을 주지 않는, nudity: 가림없는 물건, 나체꾸밈없음, 불유쾌한, 재미없는. 나체화, 벌거숭이, 벌거벗음. violate: 강간하다, 통과하다, overpowering: 압도적인, 저항할 수 침입하다, 깨뜨리다, 어기다, 없는. 더럽히다, 범하다, 방해하다, pallid: 창백한, 해쓱한, 파랗게 질린. 위반하다, 위배하다, 의 신성을 stinging: 신랄한, 찌르는, 괴롭히는, 더럽히다.

Herman Melville

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world is gay; but misery hides aloof, so we deem that misery there is none. These sad fancyings—chimeras, doubtless, of a sick and silly brain—led on to other and more special thoughts, concerning the eccentricities of Bartleby. Presentiments of strange discoveries hovered round me. The scriveners pale form appeared to me laid out, among uncaring strangers, in its shivering winding sheet. Suddenly I was attracted by Bartleby’s closed desk, the key in open sight left in the lock. I mean no mischief, seek the gratification of no heartless curiosity, thought I; besides, the desk is mine, and its contents, too, so I will make bold to look within. Everything was methodically arranged, the papers smoothly placed. The pigeon holes were deep, and removing the files of documents, I groped into their recesses. Presently I felt something there, and dragged it out. It was an old bandanna handkerchief, heavy and knotted. I opened it, and saw it was a savings’ bank.% I now recalled all the quiet mysteries which I had noted in the man. I remembered that he never spoke but to answer; that, though at intervals he had considerable time to himself, yet I had never seen him reading—no, not even a newspaper; that for long periods he would stand looking out, at his pale window behind the screen, upon the dead brick wall; I was quite sure he never visited any refectory or eating house; while his pale face clearly indicated that he never drank beer like Turkey, or tea and coffee even, like other men; that he never went anywhere in particular that I could learn; never went out for a walk, unless, indeed, that was the case at present; that he had declined telling who he was, or whence he came, or whether he had any relatives in the world; that though so thin and pale, he never complained of ill health. And more than all, I remembered a certain unconscious air of pallid—how shall I call it?—of pallid haughtiness, say, or rather an austere reserve about him, which had positively awed me into my tame compliance with his eccentricities, when I had feared to ask him to do the slightest incidental thing for me, even though I might know, from his long-continued motionlessness, that behind his screen he must be standing in one of those dead-wall reveries of his.

Korean aloof: 무관심의, 떨어져서, 쌀쌀한, 초연해 있다-초연한. austere: 극도로간결한, 떫은, 신, 엄격한, 가혹한, 금욕적인, 남풍, 내핍의. awed: 경외심을 나타낸. bandanna: 홀치기 염색의 대형 손수건, 네커치프, 홑치기 염색한 대형 손수건. gratification: 보수, 기쁨, 만족 시키는 것, 만족, 만족시키기 것, 만족시키는

것. haughtiness: 오만. heartless: 무정한. incidental: 흔히 있는, 부수적인, 주요하지 않은, 부수하는, 우연의, 중요하지 않은, 우연히 일어나는, 지엽적인, 부수하여 일어나는, 부수적인 일, 곧잘 일어나는. knotted: 꺼져, 듣기 싫다, 마디가 있는, 어려운, 매듭이 있는, 울퉁불퉁한, 귀찮아, 얽힌.

mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자, 익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체. pigeon: 비둘기, 속기 쉬운 사람, 을 사취하다. refectory: 식당, 다실, 휴게실, 특히 수도원의 식당. shivering: 몸의 떨림, 전율. tame: 부드럽게 하다, 복종시키다, 길들다, 순한, 무기력하게 하다, 따분한, 무기력한, 재미없는, 누르다, 길들인, 길든.

36

The Piazza Tales

Revolving all these things, and coupling them with the recently discovered fact, that he made my office his constant abiding place and home, and not forgetful of his morbid moodiness; revolving all these things, a prudential feeling began to steal over me. My first emotions had been those of pure melancholy and sincerest pity; but just in proportion as the forlornness of Bartleby grew and grew to my imagination, did that same melancholy merge into fear, that pity into repulsion. So true it is, and so terrible, too, that up to a certain point the thought or sight of misery enlists our best affections; but, in certain special cases, beyond that point it does not. They err who would assert that invariably this is owing to the inherent selfishness of the human heart. It rather proceeds from a certain hopelessness of remedying excessive and organic ill. To a sensitive being, pity is not seldom pain. And when at last it is perceived that such pity cannot lead to effectual succor, common sense bids the soul be rid of it. What I saw that morning persuaded me that the scrivener was the victim of innate and incurable disorder. I might give alms to his body; but his body did not pain him; it was his soul that suffered, and his soul I could not reach.% I did not accomplish the purpose of going to Trinity Church that morning. Somehow, the things I had seen disqualified me for the time from church-going. I walked homeward, thinking what I would do with Bartleby. Finally, I resolved upon this—I would put certain calm questions to him the next morning, touching his history, etc., and if he declined to answer them openly and unreservedly (and I supposed he would prefer not), then to give him a twenty dollar bill over and above whatever I might owe him, and tell him his services were no longer required; but that if in any other way I could assist him, I would be happy to do so, especially if he desired to return to his native place, wherever that might be, I would willingly help to defray the expenses. Moreover, if, after reaching home, he found himself at any time in want of aid, a letter from him would be sure of a reply. The next morning came. “Bartleby,” said I, gently calling to him behind his screen. No reply.

Korean abiding: 영속적인, 오래 지속되는. alms: 베풀어주는 사람, 보시, 의연금. coupling: 연결기, 연결, 결합, 교미, 커플링, 장치. defray: 지불하다, 부담하다. disqualified: 자격을 잃은, 실격이 된. effectual: 효과적인, 유력한, 유효한. err: 잘못하다, 죄를 범하다, 그르치다. forgetful: 잊고, 잘 잊는, 망각시키는, 게을리하기 쉬운, 잊기 쉬운. homeward: 귀로의, 본국으로 향해서,

집으로, 집으로 돌아가는, 집쪽으로. hopelessness: 가망없음, 절망 상태, 가망 없음. incurable: 불치의, 불치의 환자, 구제 불능자, 불치의 교정불능의. moodiness: 우울, 변덕. morbid: 병적인, 섬뜩한, 병의, 불건전한, 무시무시한, 정신이 병적인, 질병에 관한, 질병의. prudential: 조심성 있는, 분별 있는, 신중한, 신중한 고려.

repulsion: 격퇴, 반감, 반발작용, 혐오, 거절, 반박, 척력, 소산, 증오. revolving: 회전하는, 회전식의, 회전장치의, 선회하는, 윤전식의. selfishness: 이기주의, 자기본위, 자애적. succor: 구조, 원조하다, 구조자, 원조자. unreservedly: 기탄없이, 솔직히, 제한없이, 거리낌없이, 기탄 없이. willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히.

Herman Melville

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“Bartleby,” said I, in a still gentler tone, “come here; I am not going to ask you to do anything you would prefer not to do—I simply wish to speak to you.” Upon this he noiselessly slid into view. “Will you tell me, Bartleby, where you were born?” “I would prefer not to.” “Will you tell me anything about yourself?” “I would prefer not to.” “But what reasonable objection can you have to speak to me? I feel friendly towards you.” He did not look at me while I spoke, but kept his glance fixed upon my bust of Cicero, which, as I then sat, was directly behind me, some six inches above my head.% “What is your answer, Bartleby,” said I, after waiting a considerable time for a reply, during which his countenance remained immovable, only there was the faintest conceivable tremor of the white attenuated mouth. “At present I prefer to give no answer,” he said, and retired into his hermitage. It was rather weak in me I confess, but his manner, on this occasion, nettled me. Not only did there seem to lurk in it a certain calm disdain, but his perverseness seemed ungrateful, considering the undeniable good usage and indulgence he had received from me. Again I sat ruminating what I should do. Mortified as I was at his behavior, and resolved as I had been to dismiss him when I entered my office, nevertheless I strangely felt something superstitious knocking at my heart, and forbidding me to carry out my purpose, and denouncing me for a villain if I dared to breathe one bitter word against this forlornest of mankind. At last, familiarly drawing my chair behind his screen, I sat down and said: “Bartleby, never mind, then, about revealing your history; but let me entreat you, as a friend, to comply as far as may be with the usages of this office. Say now, you will help to examine

Korean behavior: 행실, 행동, 상태, 태도, 행동주의, 관습, 가동, 관행. disdain: 경멸, 경멸하다, 경멸하다경멸적인, 경멸적인, 경멸감, 할 가치가 없다고 생각하다. entreat: 탄원하다, 간절히부탁하다, 간청하다, 취급하다. familiarly: 친하게, 무람없이, 무엄하게, 정답게, 허물없이. forbidding: 싫은, 인상 등이 험상궂은, 가까이하기 어려운, 장소,

험학한, 가격등 가까이하기 어려운, 무서운, 가까이 하기 어려운, 험악한. immovable: 움직일 수 없는, 부동산, 움직이지 않는, 부동의, 확고한, 고정된, 감정에 좌우되지 않는, 정지한, 해마다 같은 날짜의 고정된, 자약한, 태연. indulgence: 대사, 신앙의 자유, 은혜, 탐닉, 관대, 방종, 대사부, 도락, 멋대로 함, 면죄부, 방자. lurk: 숨다, 잠복하다, 속임수, 밀행.

noiselessly: 소리나지 않도록, 조용히, 조용하게. superstitious: 미신에 사로잡힌, 미신저긴, 미신의. tremor: 전율, 떨림, 떨리는 목소리, 오싹오싹하는 흥분, 미동, 진전. undeniable: 부정할 수 없는, 다툴 여지가 없는, 우수한, 흠잡을 데 없는, 부정하기 어려운, 부인하기 어려운. ungrateful: 은혜를 모르는, 애쓴 보람 없는, 일한 보람 없는.

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papers to-morrow or next day: in short, say now, that in a day or two you will begin to be a little reasonable:—say so, Bartleby.” “At present I would prefer not to be a little reasonable,” was his mildly cadaverous reply. Just then the folding-doors opened, and Nippers approached. He seemed suffering from an unusually bad night’s rest, induced by severer indigestion than common. He overheard those final words of Bartleby. “Prefer not, eh?” gritted Nippers—”I’d prefer him, if I were you, sir,” addressing me—”I’d prefer him; I’d give him preferences, the stubborn mule! What is it, sir, pray, that he prefers not to do now?” Bartleby moved not a limb.% “Mr. Nippers,” said I, “I’d prefer that you would withdraw for the present.” Somehow, of late, I had got into the way of involuntarily using this word “prefer” upon all sorts of not exactly suitable occasions. And I trembled to think that my contact with the scrivener had already and seriously affected me in a mental way. And what further and deeper aberration might it not yet produce? This apprehension had not been without efficacy in determining me to summary measures. As Nippers, looking very sour and sulky, was departing, Turkey blandly and deferentially approached. “With submission, sir,” said he, “yesterday I was thinking about Bartleby here, and I think that if he would but prefer to take a quart of good ale every day, it would do much towards mending him, and enabling him to assist in examining his papers.” “So you have got the word, too,” said I, slightly excited. “With submission, what word, sir,” asked Turkey, respectfully crowding himself into the contracted space behind the screen, and by so doing, making me jostle the scrivener. “What word, sir?”

Korean aberration: 수차, 정신 이상, 바른 길을 벗어남, 변형, 정도에서 벗어남. ale: 맥주, 에일 맥주. apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포, 두려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정. blandly: 온화하게, 입에 맞게, 부드럽게, 재미없게. cadaverous: 창백한, 새파랗게 질린, 시체같은, 송장같은, 시체 같은, 시체. contracted: 수축한, 옹졸한, 계약한, 인색한, 찌푸린, 도량이 좁은, 단축한,

수축된. efficacy: 효력, 효능. involuntarily: 저도 모르게, 부지불식간에, 마지못해, 본의 아니면서, 본의 아니게. jostle: 서로 밀치기, 밀다, 다투다, 충돌, 찌르다, 부딪치다, 서로 밀다, 을밀다, 난폭하게 밀다, 다투어 서로 빼앗다. mule: 노새, 잡종, 고집쟁이, 슬리퍼, 얼간이, 외고집쟁이, 뒤축 없는

슬리퍼, 동식물의 잡종, 뮬 정방기. quart: 쿼트, 액량의 단위, 건량의 단위, 일쿼트들이의 병, 일쿼트들이의 단지. sour: 신 것, 신, 사워, 까다로운, 시게하다, 지르릉하게 하다, 찌무룩한, 시큼한, 산패한, 발효한, 냉습한. sulky: 부루퉁한, 찌무룩한, 실쭉한, 한 필의 말이 끄는 일인승 이륜 마차, 음산한.

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“I would prefer to be left alone here,” said Bartleby, as if offended at being mobbed in his privacy. “That’s the word, Turkey,” said I—”that’s it.” “Oh, prefer? oh yes—queer wood. I never use it myself. But, sir, as I was saying, if he would but prefer—” “Turkey,” interrupted I, “you will please withdraw.” “Oh certainly, sir, if you prefer that I should.” As he opened the folding-door to retire, Nippers at his desk caught a glimpse of me, and asked whether I would prefer to have a certain paper copied on blue paper or white. He did not in the least roguishly accent the word prefer. It was plain that it involuntarily rolled from his tongue. I thought to myself, surely I must get rid of a demented man, who already has in some degree turned the tongues, if not the heads of myself and clerks. But I thought it prudent not to break the dismission at once.% The next day I noticed that Bartleby did nothing but stand at his window in his dead-wall revery. Upon asking him why he did not write, he said that he had decided upon doing no more writing. “Why, how now? what next?” exclaimed I, “do no more writing?” “No more.” “And what is the reason?” “Do you not see the reason for yourself,” he indifferently replied. I looked steadfastly at him, and perceived that his eyes looked dull and glazed. Instantly it occurred to me, that his unexampled diligence in copying by his dim window for the first few weeks of his stay with me might have temporarily impared his vision. I was touched. I said something in condolence with him. I hinted that of course he did wisely in abstaining from writing for a while; and urged him to embrace that opportunity of taking wholesome exercise in the open air. This, however, he did not do. A few days after this, my other clerks being absent, and

Korean condolence: 애도의 말, 조사, 조상, 추방, 기각, 각하. 애도, 문상. embrace: 포함하다, 포옹하다, 껴안다, demented: 미친, 정신 착란의, 치매가 매수하다, 깨닫다, 포옹, 채용하다, 된. 서로 껴안다, 채용하다-서로 껴안다diligence: 부지런함, 근면, 승합마차, 포옹, 성교, 채택하다. 근민, 합승 마차. glazed: 유리를 끼운, 글레이즈를 dim: 둔한, 어둑한, 희미한, 둔하게 바른, 웃칠한, 유약을 칠한, 윤나는, 하다, 어둑해지다, 흐리게 하다, 윤낸, 흐리멍덩한, 유약을 바른, 흐려지다, 어슴푸레한, 둔해지다, 유리창을 끼운, 생기가 없는. 어둑하게 하다, 비관적인. indifferently: 무관심하게, 상당히, dismission: 해산, 면직, 해고, 해방, 시원치 않게.

privacy: 은둔, 은퇴, 프라이버시, 비밀, 사생활, 비밀성. prudent: 신중한, 조심성 있는, 분별 있는, 조심스러운. temporarily: 일시적으로, 임시로. unexampled: 비할데 없는, 전례 없는, 전례가 없는, 유례가 없는. wholesome: 유익한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한, 건강해 보이는, 위생에 좋은, 안전한, 신중한, 건강듯한, 건강한. wisely: 현명하게.

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being in a great hurry to dispatch certain letters by the mail, I thought that, having nothing else earthly to do, Bartleby would surely be less inflexible than usual, and carry these letters to the post-office. But he blankly declined. So, much to my inconvenience, I went myself. Still added days went by. Whether Bartleby’s eyes improved or not, I could not say. To all appearance, I thought they did. But when I asked him if they did, he vouchsafed no answer. At all events, he would do no copying. At last, in reply to my urgings, he informed me that he had permanently given up copying. “What!” exclaimed I; “suppose your eyes should get entirely well—better than ever before—would you not copy then?” “I have given up copying,” he answered, and slid aside.% He remained as ever, a fixture in my chamber. Nay—if that were possible— he became still more of a fixture than before. What was to be done? He would do nothing in the office; why should he stay there? In plain fact, he had now become a millstone to me, not only useless as a necklace, but afflictive to bear. Yet I was sorry for him. I speak less than truth when I say that, on his own account, he occasioned me uneasiness. If he would but have named a single relative or friend, I would instantly have written, and urged their taking the poor fellow away to some convenient retreat. But he seemed alone, absolutely alone in the universe. A bit of wreck in the mid Atlantic. At length, necessities connected with my business tyrannized over all other considerations. Decently as I could, I told Bartleby that in six days time he must unconditionally leave the office. I warned him to take measures, in the interval, for procuring some other abode. I offered to assist him in this endeavor, if he himself would but take the first step towards a removal. “And when you finally quit me, Bartleby,” added I, “I shall see that you go not away entirely unprovided. Six days from this hour, remember.” At the expiration of that period, I peeped behind the screen, and lo! Bartleby was there. I buttoned up my coat, balanced myself; advanced slowly towards him, touched his shoulder, and said, “The time has come; you must quit this place; I am sorry for you; here is money; but you must go.”

Korean afflictive: 고통을 주는, 괴로운, 쓰라린. blankly: 멍하니, 완전히, 딱잘라서, 우두커니, 단호히, 멍처히, 망연히, 딱잘라. decently: 친절하게, 볼썽사납지 않게, 상당히, 예의바르게, 훌륭하게, 품위 있게, 제법, 적절하게, 괜찮게, 점잖게, 품위있게. dispatch: 발송, 급파하다, 재빨리 처리하다, 해치우다, 급송, 급송하다,

습파, 재빨리 해치우다, 특파하다, 신속, 운송 대리점. earthly: 지구의, 세속의, 속세의, 도대체, 전혀, 이 세상의, 지상의. expiration: 만료, 만기, 날숨, 종결, 죽음, 숨을 내쉼. inflexible: 확고한, 불굴의, 구부릴 수 없는, 완고한, 불굴의 강직한, 굽힐수 없는, 굽지 않은, 구부러지지 않는, 고칠수 없는, 꿋꿋한. lo: 보라.

millstone: 맷돌. necessities: 생필품. necklace: 목걸이, 교수용 밧줄, 네크리스, 목을 달아매는 끈. post-office: 우체국, 우체국 놀이, 우체국의. unconditionally: 절대적으로, 무조건으로. unprovided: 지급되지 않은, 결핍한, 부족한, 불시의, 준비가 되어 있지 않은, 공급되지 않은.

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“I would prefer not,” he replied, with his back still towards me. “You must.” He remained silent. Now I had an unbounded confidence in this man’s common honesty. He had frequently restored to me sixpences and shillings carelessly dropped upon the floor, for I am apt to be very reckless in such shirt-button affairs. The proceeding, then, which followed will not be deemed extraordinary. “Bartleby,” said I, “I owe you twelve dollars on account; here are thirty-two; the odd twenty are yours—Will you take it?” and I handed the bills towards him.% But he made no motion. “I will leave them here, then,” putting them under a weight on the table. Then taking my hat and cane and going to the door, I tranquilly turned and added—”After you have removed your things from these offices, Bartleby, you will of course lock the door—since every one is now gone for the day but you— and if you please, slip your key underneath the mat, so that I may have it in the morning. I shall not see you again; so good-by to you. If, hereafter, in your new place of abode, I can be of any service to you, do not fail to advise me by letter. Good-by, Bartleby, and fare you well.” But he answered not a word; like the last column of some ruined temple, he remained standing mute and solitary in the middle of the otherwise deserted room. As I walked home in a pensive mood, my vanity got the better of my pity. I could not but highly plume myself on my masterly management in getting rid of Bartleby. Masterly I call it, and such it must appear to any dispassionate thinker. The beauty of my procedure seemed to consist in its perfect quietness. There was no vulgar bullying, no bravado of any sort, no choleric hectoring, and striding to and fro across the apartment, jerking out vehement commands for Bartleby to bundle himself off with his beggarly traps. Nothing of the kind. Without loudly bidding Bartleby depart—as an inferior genius might have done—I assumed the

Korean beggarly: 거지 같은, 빈약한, 얼마 안되는, 비천한, 가난한, 초라한, 무일푼의, 인색한. bidding: 초대, 입찰, 명령, 공고, 선언, 비드하기. bravado: 허세, 허장성세. carelessly: 부주의하게, 태평하게, 무심코, 경솔하게, 속 편하게. choleric: 성마른, 화 잘내는, 담즙질의, 잘 불 끈거리는. dispassionate: 공평한, 냉정한,

감정적이 아닌. hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로, 이후. masterly: 대가다운, 훌륭한, 교묘한, 느란하게, 능란한, 대가답게, 훌륭히, 명인 답게, 명인 다운, 대가 답게, 대가 다운. pensive: 구슬픈, 생각에 잠긴, 생각에 잠겨 있는. plume: 깃털, 깃털로 장장식하다, 물기둥-새가 부리로 깃털을 고르다,

연기나 구름 따위의 기둥, 영예 표시, 깃 모양의 털, 새가 깃털을 다듬다, 깃털로 꾸미다, 깃털로 장식하다, 다듬다, 명예 표시. quietness: 조용함, 평온, 고요함, 마음의 평정, 휴양. thinker: 사상가, 생각하는 사람, 사색가. unbounded: 무한의, 한정되지 않은, 억제할 수 없는. vehement: 열렬한, 격렬한, 열정적인.

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ground that depart he must; and upon that assumption built all I had to say. The more I thought over my procedure, the more I was charmed with it. Nevertheless, next morning, upon awakening, I had my doubts—I had somehow slept off the fumes of vanity. One of the coolest and wisest hours a man has, is just after he awakes in the morning. My procedure seemed as sagacious as ever—but only in theory. How it would prove in practice—there was the rub. It was truly a beautiful thought to have assumed Bartleby’s departure; but, after all, that assumption was simply my own, and none of Bartleby’s. The great point was, not whether I had assumed that he would quit me, but whether he would prefer so to do. He was more a man of preferences than assumptions.% After breakfast, I walked down town, arguing the probabilities pro and con. One moment I thought it would prove a miserable failure, and Bartleby would be found all alive at my office as usual; the next moment it seemed certain that I should find his chair empty. And so I kept veering about. At the corner of Broadway and Canal street, I saw quite an excited group of people standing in earnest conversation. “I’ll take odds he doesn’t,” said a voice as I passed. “Doesn’t go?—done!” said I, “put up your money.” I was instinctively putting my hand in my pocket to produce my own, when I remembered that this was an election day. The words I had overheard bore no reference to Bartleby, but to the success or non-success of some candidate for the mayoralty. In my intent frame of mind, I had, as it were, imagined that all Broadway shared in my excitement, and were debating the same question with me. I passed on, very thankful that the uproar of the street screened my momentary absent-mindedness. As I had intended, I was earlier than usual at my office door. I stood listening for a moment. All was still. He must be gone. I tried the knob. The door was locked. Yes, my procedure had worked to a charm; he indeed must be vanished. Yet a certain melancholy mixed with this: I was almost sorry for my brilliant success. I was fumbling under the door mat for the key, which Bartleby was to have left there for me, when accidentally my knee knocked against a panel,

Korean absent-mindedness: 상심. 중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한accidentally: 우연히, 뜻밖에, 뜻하지 성실, 엄숙한, 계약금. 않게, 우윤히. fumbling: 실수, 만지작거리는, awakening: 각성, 눈뜨게한는, 눈뜸, 어설픈. 깨우치는, 깨우치는-눈뜸. knob: 혹, 손잡이, 작고 둥근 언덕, con: 죄수, 반대론, 신용 사기의, 신용 마디, 설상가상으로, 혹이 생기다, 사기, 폐병, 숙독하다, 정독하다, 을 작고 둥근 덩어리, 에 손잡이를 달다. 가지고, 반대하여, 속이다, 반대 투표. mat: 매트, 신바닥 문지르는 깔개, depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 멍석, 엉킨 물건, 깔개, 대지, 빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다. 광택없는-- 대지, 양탄자, 멍석을 earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심, 깔다, 광택없는, 엉키다.

mayoralty: 시장의 직, 시장의 임기. momentary: 순간의, 찰나의, 순간적인, 시시각각의. sagacious: 현명한, 슬기로운, 명민한, 기민한, 슬기롭다, 영리한. thankful: 감사하고 있는, 감사의, 감사하는. uproar: 소음, 큰소란, 소동, 소란. vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영, 무익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것, 휴대용 화장품 상자.

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producing%a summoning sound, and in response a voice came to me from within—”Not yet; I am occupied.” It was Bartleby. I was thunderstruck. For an instant I stood like the man who, pipe in mouth, was killed one cloudless afternoon long ago in Virginia, by summer lightning; at his own warm open window he was killed, and remained leaning out there upon the dreamy afternoon till some one touched him, when he fell. “Not gone!” I murmured at last. But again obeying that wondrous ascendancy which the inscrutable scrivener had over me, and from which ascendancy, for all my chafing, I could not completely escape, I slowly went down stairs and out into the street, and while walking round the block, considered what I should next do in this unheard-of perplexity. Turn the man out by an actual thrusting I could not; to drive him away by calling him hard names would not do; calling in the police was an unpleasant idea; and yet, permit him to enjoy his cadaverous triumph over me—this, too, I could not think of. What was to be done? or, if nothing could be done, was there anything further that I could assume in the matter? Yes, as before I had prospectively assumed that Bartleby would depart, so now I might retrospectively assume that departed he was. In the legitimate carrying out of this assumption, I might enter my office in a great hurry, and pretending not to see Bartleby at all, walk straight against him as if he were air. Such a proceeding would in a singular degree have the appearance of a home-thrust. It was hardly possible that Bartleby could withstand such an application of the doctrine of assumptions. But upon second thoughts the success of the plan seemed rather dubious. I resolved to argue the matter over with him again. “Bartleby,” said I, entering the office, with a quietly severe expression, “I am seriously displeased. I am pained, Bartleby. I had thought better of you. I had imagined you of such a gentlemanly organization, that in any delicate dilemma a slight hint would suffice—in short, an assumption. But it appears I am deceived. Why,” I added, unaffectedly starting, “you have not even touched that money yet,” pointing to it, just where I had left it the evening previous.

Korean ascendancy: 우세, 욱일승천의 세력, 우월, 패권, 주도권, 지배권. cloudless: 맑게 갠, 구름 없는, 구름이 없는. departed: 죽은, 과거의, 고인, 지나간, 죽은사람. dilemma: 딜레마, 궁지, 진퇴양난, 진퇴 양난, 양도 논법. displeased: 화난. dreamy: 공상적인, 어렴풋한, 꿈결같은, 꿈꾸는 듯한, 꿈 많은,

꿈같은. dubious: 불명한, 미정의, 의심스러운, 수상한, 불안한, 미덥지 않은, 모호한, 수상쩍은, 의심을 품은. inscrutable: 불가사의한, 알 수 없는, 수수께끼같은, 불가해한, 헤아릴수 없는, 헤아릴 수 없는. pained: 아파하는, 감정이 상한, 싱처 입은, 화난. pretending: 거짓의, 사칭하는, 겉치레하는, 왕위를 노리는.

retrospectively: 과거로 거슬러 올라가, 추억에 잠겨, 회고적으로, 회고하는. thrusting: 자기 주장이 강한, 공격적인. thunderstruck: 깜짝 놀란, 벼락 맞은, 벼락맞은. withstand: 에 저항하다, 에 잘 견디다, 저항하다, 견디어내다, 반항하다. wondrous: 놀라운, 놀랄만큼, 이상한, 놀랄 만한, 놀랄 만큼.

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He answered nothing. “Will you, or will you not, quit me?” I now demanded in a sudden passion, advancing close to him. “I would prefer not to quit you,” he replied gently emphasizing the not. “What earthly right have you to stay here? Do you pay any rent? Do you pay my taxes? Or is this property yours?” He answered nothing. “Are you ready to go on and write now? Are your eyes recovered? Could you copy a small paper for me this morning? or help examine a few lines? or step round to the post-office? In a word, will you do anything at all, to give a coloring to your refusal to depart the premises?” He silently retired into his hermitage.% I was now in such a state of nervous resentment that I thought it but prudent to check myself at present from further demonstrations. Bartleby and I were alone. I remembered the tragedy of the unfortunate Adams and the still more unfortunate Colt in the solitary office of the latter; and how poor Colt, being dreadfully incensed by Adams, and imprudently permitting himself to get wildly excited, was at unawares hurried into his fatal act—an act which certainly no man could possibly deplore more than the actor himself. Often it had occurred to me in my ponderings upon the subject, that had that altercation taken place in the public street, or at a private residence, it would not have terminated as it did. It was the circumstance of being alone in a solitary office, up stairs, of a building entirely unhallowed by humanizing domestic associations— an uncarpeted office, doubtless, of a dusty, haggard sort of appearance—this it must have been, which greatly helped to enhance the irritable desperation of the hapless Colt. But when this old Adam of resentment rose in me and tempted me concerning Bartleby, I grappled him and threw him. How? Why, simply by recalling the divine injunction: “A new commandment give I unto you, that ye love one another.” Yes, this it was that saved me. Aside from higher

Korean altercation: 언쟁, 격론, 논쟁. circumstance: 환경, 사정, 사건, 부수적인 일, 상황, 처지, 사실, 의식에 구애됨, 사태, 부대사항, 어마어마함. coloring: 채색, 그림물감, 색, 착색제, 혈색, 착색, 색조, 외견, 색칠 그림, 스타일, 안료. commandment: 계율, 명령, 계명, 명령권, 지령, 지휘권. deplore: 비탄하다.

desperation: 절망, 자포자기, 기를 씀, 필사. dreadfully: 무섭게, 겁에 질려, 무시무시하게. haggard: 야생의, 여윈, 바싹 마른, 수척한, 매서운, 길들지 않은. hapless: 불행한, 불운한. imprudently: 경솔하게, 무분별하게. irritable: 성마른, 민감한, 과민한, 염증을 잘 일으키는, 화를 잘내는, 흥분성의, 자극 반응력이 있는,

안달하는, 반응하는, 성 잘 내는, 성을 잘내는. solitary: 고독한, 혼자의, 외로운, 단독의, 혼자사는 사람, 혼자 사는 사람, 유일한, 분리된, 인적이 없는. unawares: 뜻밖에, 알지 못하고, 불시에, 모르는 사이에, 모르고, 무심히, 부지중에. unhallowed: 성별되지 않은, 신성치 않은, 죄 많은. unto: 까지, 에, 에게로.

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considerations, charity often operates as a vastly wise and prudent principle—a great safeguard to its possessor. Men have committed murder for jealousy’s sake, and anger’s sake, and hatred’s sake, and selfishness’ sake, and spiritual pride’s sake; but no man, that ever I heard of, ever committed a diabolical murder for sweet charity’s sake. Mere self-interest, then, if no better motive can be enlisted, should, especially with high-tempered men, prompt all beings to charity and philanthropy. At any rate, upon the occasion in question, I strove to drown my exasperated feelings towards the scrivener by benevolently construing his conduct.—Poor fellow, poor fellow! thought I, he don’t mean anything; and besides, he has seen hard times, and ought to be indulged.% I endeavored, also, immediately to occupy myself, and at the same time to comfort my despondency. I tried to fancy, that in the course of the morning, at such time as might prove agreeable to him, Bartleby, of his own free accord, would emerge from his hermitage and take up some decided line of march in the direction of the door. But no. Half-past twelve o’clock came; Turkey began to glow in the face, overturn his inkstand, and become generally obstreperous; Nippers abated down into quietude and courtesy; Ginger Nut munched his noon apple; and Bartleby remained standing at his window in one of his profoundest dead-wall reveries. Will it be credited? Ought I to acknowledge it? That afternoon I left the office without saying one further word to him. Some days now passed, during which, at leisure intervals I looked a little into “Edwards on the Will,” and “Priestley on Necessity.” Under the circumstances, those books induced a salutary feeling. Gradually I slid into the persuasion that these troubles of mine, touching the scrivener, had been all predestinated from eternity, and Bartleby was billeted upon me for some mysterious purpose of an allwise Providence, which it was not for a mere mortal like me to fathom. Yes, Bartleby, stay there behind your screen, thought I; I shall persecute you no more; you are harmless and noiseless as any of these old chairs; in short, I never feel so private as when I know you are here. At last I see it, I feel it; I penetrate to the predestinated purpose of my life. I am content. Others may have loftier parts to

Korean benevolently: 박애적으로, 인정 깊게, 인정 많게, 자비심 깊게, 자비심 많게. despondency: 낙담. diabolical: 악마의, 극악무도한, 악마적인, 악마 같은. drown: 잊어버리다, 달래다, 물에 빠지다, 물에빠뜨리다, 들리지않게하다, 물에 빠뜨리다, 흠뻑젖게하다, 흠뻑 젖게하다, 물에빠지다, 들리지 않게하다, 잊게 하다.

enlisted: 사병에 관한, 사병의. eternity: 영원, 내세, 영구, 영원한 진실, 영원한 진리, 오래 시간, 영원의 세계, 영원한 존재. fathom: 길, 헤아리다, 수심을 재다, 추측하다, 수심을 측정하다, 이해. obstreperous: 날뛰는, 소란한, 다루기 힘든, 시끄러운. overturn: 전복, 타도, 뒤엎다, 타도하다, 파멸, 뒤집히다, 뒤집어 엎다, 전복하다.

persecute: 괴롭히다, 지근거리다, 박해 하다, 특히 이교도 등을 학대하다, 성가시게 괴롭히다, 학대하다. philanthropy: 박애, 박애주의. possessor: 소유자, 점유자. quietude: 조용함, 평온, 정온, 고요, 정적. sake: 목적, 위함, 이유, 제발, 을 위함. salutary: 유익한, 건강에 좋은. self-interest: 사리, 이기심.

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enact; but my mission in this world, Bartleby, is to furnish you with office-room for such period as you may see fit to remain. I believe that this wise and blessed frame of mind would have continued with me, had it not been for the unsolicited and uncharitable remarks obtruded upon me by my professional friends who visited the rooms. But thus it often is, that the constant friction of illiberal minds wears out at last the best resolves of the more generous. Though to be sure, when I reflected upon it, it was not strange that people entering my office should be struck by the peculiar aspect of the unaccountable Bartleby, and so be tempted to throw out some sinister observations concerning him. Sometimes an attorney, having business with me, and calling at my office, and finding no one but the scrivener there, would undertake to obtain some sort of precise information from him touching my whereabouts; but without heeding his idle talk, Bartleby would remain standing immovable in the middle of the room. So after contemplating him in that position for a time, the attorney would depart, no wiser than he came.% Also, when a reference was going on, and the room full of lawyers and witnesses, and business driving fast, some deeply-occupied legal gentleman present, seeing Bartleby wholly unemployed, would request him to run round to his (the legal gentleman’s) office and fetch some papers for him. Thereupon, Bartleby would tranquilly decline, and yet remain idle as before. Then the lawyer would give a great stare, and turn to me. And what could I say? At last I was made aware that all through the circle of my professional acquaintance, a whisper of wonder was running round, having reference to the strange creature I kept at my office. This worried me very much. And as the idea came upon me of his possibly turning out a long-lived man, and keep occupying my chambers, and denying my authority; and perplexing my visitors; and scandalizing my professional reputation; and casting a general gloom over the premises; keeping soul and body together to the last upon his savings (for doubtless he spent but half a dime a day), and in the end perhaps outlive me, and claim possession of my office by right of his perpetual occupancy: as all these dark anticipations crowded upon me more and more, and my friends continually intruded their

Korean acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식, 아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고 있음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인. casting: 주조, 배역, 낚싯줄의 드리움, 주물, 던짐, 똥, 뱀 허물, 버림, 낚싯줄의 드리움 방법의, 낚싯줄의 드리움의, 던지기. dime: 단돈 한 닢의, 십센트 경화, 십센트 경화의, 단돈 한 닢. enact: 제정하다, 법률화하다, 역을 하다, 법류화하다, 의 역을하다,

상연하다. friction: 마찰, 불화, 마찰의. furnish: 설비, 공급하다, 가구를 갖추다, 비치된가구, 비치된 가구, 장치를 갖추다, 주다, 설치하다, 가구를 설비하다. illiberal: 인색한, 교양 없는, 옹졸한, 도량이 좁은, 편협한, 저속한. long-lived: 목숨이 긴. outlive: 보다 오래 살다. perplexing: 혼란한, 까다로운, 당혹한,

곤혹시키는, 문제 따위 곤혹시키는. thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로, 그리하여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후 즉시. uncharitable: 무자비한, 가차없는, 엄한. unsolicited: 탄원을받지않은, 괜한, 의뢰받지도않은, 쓸데없는, 청원받지 않은, 탄원받지 않은. whereabouts: 어디쯤에, 소재, 있는 곳, 행방, 의 장소.

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relentless%remarks upon the apparition in my room; a great change was wrought in me. I resolved to gather all my faculties together, and forever rid me of this intolerable incubus. Ere revolving any complicated project, however, adapted to this end, I first simply suggested to Bartleby the propriety of his permanent departure. In a calm and serious tone, I commanded the idea to his careful and mature consideration. But, having taken three days to meditate upon it, he apprised me, that his original determination remained the same; in short, that he still preferred to abide with me. What shall I do? I now said to myself, buttoning up my coat to the last button. What shall I do? what ought I to do? what does conscience say I should do with this man, or, rather, ghost. Rid myself of him, I must; go, he shall. But how? You will not thrust him, the poor, pale, passive mortal—you will not thrust such a helpless creature out of your door? you will not dishonor yourself by such cruelty? No, I will not, I cannot do that. Rather would I let him live and die here, and then mason up his remains in the wall. What, then, will you do? For all your coaxing, he will not budge. Bribes he leaves under your own paper-weight on your table; in short, it is quite plain that he prefers to cling to you. Then something severe, something unusual must be done. What! surely you will not have him collared by a constable, and commit his innocent pallor to the common jail? And upon what ground could you procure such a thing to be done?—a vagrant, is he? What! he a vagrant, a wanderer, who refuses to budge? It is because he will not be a vagrant, then, that you seek to count him as a vagrant. That is too absurd. No visible means of support: there I have him. Wrong again: for indubitably he does support himself, and that is the only unanswerable proof that any man can show of his possessing the means so to do. No more, then. Since he will not quit me, I must quit him. I will change my offices; I will move elsewhere, and give him fair notice, that if I find him on my new premises I will then proceed against him as a common trespasser. Acting accordingly, next day I thus addressed him: “I find these chambers too far from the City Hall; the air is unwholesome. In a word, I propose to

Korean budge: 조금 움직이다, 조금움직이다, 어린 양의 모피, 움직이게 하다, 움직이다, 양보시키다, 생각을 바꾸다, 조금 움직이게 하다. coaxing: 알랑대는, 감언이설, 구슬리고 달램, 감언 이설. collared: 롤 말이로 말은, 칼라를 단. dishonor: 불명예, 치욕, 치욕을 주다, 부도, 경멸, 이름을 더럽히다, 치욕을 주다-이름을 더럽히다, 인수거절, 지불거절, 정조를 범하다, 의 명예를

손상시키다. incubus: 가위, 악몽, 몽마, 부담, 압박하는 것, 마음의 부담을 주는 것, 마음의 부담을 주는 사람, 악마. indubitably: 명백하게, 확실하게. jail: 교도소, 구치소, 투옥하다, 구류. meditate: 꾀하다, 숙고하다, 을 묵상하다, 명상하다, 묵상하다. pallor: 창백, 해쓱함, 피부 따위의 창백, 얼굴 따위의 창백. propriety: 적당, 예의 범절, 예의 바름,

타당, 교양, 예의. trespasser: 불법 침입자, 침해자, 불법침입자, 위반자, 위법자. unanswerable: 대답할 수 없는, 논박할 수 없는, 책임이 없는, 반박할 수 없는, 답변할 수 없는. unwholesome: 불건전한, 유해한, 건강에 좋지 않는, 건강에 나쁜, 몸에 나쁜, 병적인. wanderer: 돌아다니는 사람, 방랑자, 헤매는 사람.

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remove my offices next week, and shall no longer require your services. I tell you this now, in order that you may seek another place.” He made no reply, and nothing more was said. On the appointed day I engaged carts and men, proceeded to my chambers, and, having but little furniture, everything was removed in a few hours. Throughout, the scrivener remained standing behind the screen, which I directed to be removed the last thing. It was withdrawn; and, being folded up like a huge folio, left him the motionless occupant of a naked room. I stood in the entry watching him a moment, while something from within me upbraided me. I re-entered, with my hand in my pocket—and—and my heart in my mouth.% “Good-by, Bartleby; I am going—good-by, and God some way bless you; and take that,” slipping something in his hand. But it dropped upon the floor, and then—strange to say—I tore myself from him whom I had so longed to be rid of. Established in my new quarters, for a day or two I kept the door locked, and started at every footfall in the passages. When I returned to my rooms, after any little absence, I would pause at the threshold for an instant, and attentively listen, ere applying my key. But these fears were needless. Bartleby never came nigh me. I thought all was going well, when a perturbed-looking stranger visited me, inquiring whether I was the person who had recently occupied rooms at No.— —Wall street. Full of forebodings, I replied that I was. “Then, sir,” said the stranger, who proved a lawyer, “you are responsible for the man you left there. He refuses to do any copying; he refuses to do anything; he says he prefers not to; and he refuses to quit the premises.” “I am very sorry, sir,” said I, with assumed tranquillity, but an inward tremor, “but, really, the man you allude to is nothing to me—he is no relation or apprentice of mine, that you should hold me responsible for him.” “In mercy’s name, who is he?”

Korean allude: 넌지시 비추다, 에 관해 inquiring: 알고 싶어 하는, 묻고 싶은 말하다, 논급하다, 언급하다, 듯한, 묻는, 미심쩍은, 미심쩍은 듯한, 암시하다. 알고 싶어하는, 호기심에찬, 캐묻기 apprentice: 도제, 견습, 계시로삼다, 좋아하는, 탐구적인. 견습으로보내다, 초심자. inward: 내적인, 안으로, 내장, 내부, attentively: 세심하게, 주의깊게. 내부의, 낮은, 창자, 안의, 내심, bless: 찬미하다, 정화하다, 수호하다, 마음의, 수입의. 은총을 내리다, 신성케 하다, motionless: 움직이 않는, 퍄, 찬양하다, 축복하다, 신을 찬양하다, 뭄짓으로 신호하다, 움직이지 않는, 신을 하다, 은혜를 베풀다, 저주하다. 정지한, 정지한-뭄짓으로 footfall: 발걸음, 발소리, 발 소리. 신호하다링, 팅삥, 동기가 없는.

needless: 불필요한, 쓸데없는. occupant: 가옥의 점유자, 토지, 가옥 따위의 점유자, 방 따위의 점유자, 지위 따위의 점유자, 토지 따위의 점유자의, 점유자. quit: 그만두다, 사퇴하다, 포기하다, 놓아버리다, 면하여, 자유로와, 떠나다, 떠나가다, 일을 중지하다, 일 따위를 그만두다, 용서받은. threshold: 문지방, 역, 문간, 시초, 입구, 출발점, 발단, 역역.

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“I certainly cannot inform you. I know nothing about him. Formerly I employed him as a copyist; but he has done nothing for me now for some time past.” “I shall settle him, then—good morning, sir.” Several days passed, and I heard nothing more; and, though I often felt a charitable prompting to call at the place and see poor Bartleby, yet a certain squeamishness, of I know not what, withheld me. All is over with him, by this time, thought I, at last, when, through another week, no further intelligence reached me. But, coming to my room the day after, I found several persons waiting at my door in a high state of nervous excitement. “That’s the man—here he comes,” cried the foremost one, whom I recognized as the lawyer who had previously called upon me alone.% “You must take him away, sir, at once,” cried a portly person among them, advancing upon me, and whom I knew to be the landlord of No.——Wall street. “These gentlemen, my tenants, cannot stand it any longer; Mr. B——,” pointing to the lawyer, “has turned him out of his room, and he now persists in haunting the building generally, sitting upon the banisters of the stairs by day, and sleeping in the entry by night. Everybody is concerned; clients are leaving the offices; some fears are entertained of a mob; something you must do, and that without delay.” Aghast at this torrent, I fell back before it, and would fain have locked myself in my new quarters. In vain I persisted that Bartleby was nothing to me—no more than to any one else. In vain—I was the last person known to have anything to do with him, and they held me to the terrible account. Fearful, then, of being exposed in the papers (as one person present obscurely threatened), I considered the matter, and, at length, said, that if the lawyer would give me a confidential interview with the scrivener, in his (the lawyer’s) own room, I would, that afternoon, strive my best to rid them of the nuisance they complained of.

Korean banisters: 계단의 난간. haunting: 출몰, 마음에서 떠나지 charitable: 자비로운, 자선의, 관대한, 않는, 마음에서 떠나지 않는 자주 관용적인, 인애정신에 넘치는, 다니기, 잊혀지지 않는, 자주 다님, 인정많은, 자선심이 많은. 자주 마음속에 떠오르는. fearful: 무서운, 지독한, 걱정하여, mob: 폭도, 오합지졸, 군중, 떼지어 두려워하여, 신을 두려워하는, 습격하다, 소매치기의 일당, 두려워, 심한. 소매치기의 한패, 도둑의 일당, foremost: 일류의, 맨앞의, 맨 먼저, 맨 대중취향, 폭도의, 하충민, 군중의. 처음의, 으뜸가는, 일류가는. nuisance: 폐, 남에게 폐를 끼치는 formerly: 이전에, 전에, 먼저, 옛날에, 행위, 불쾌한 물건, 성가신 물건, 원래는, 지난날. 불쾌한사람, 딱한 사정, 귀찮은 일,

방해, 성가신 것, 남에게 폐가 되는 행위, 폐가 되는 행위. portly: 당당한, 비만한, 몸집이 뚱뚱한. prompting: 격려, 고무, 고취, 무대 뒤에서 대사를 일러줌, 선동. quarters: 병사. strive: 노력하다, 싸우다, 겨루다, 애쓰다. torrent: 연발, 분류, 억수같이 쏟아짐, 억수, 급류.

50

The Piazza Tales

Going%up stairs to my old haunt, there was Bartleby silently sitting upon the banister at the landing. “What are you doing here, Bartleby?” said I. “Sitting upon the banister,” he mildly replied. I motioned him into the lawyer’s room, who then left us. “Bartleby” said I, “are you aware that you are the cause of great tribulation to me, by persisting in occupying the entry after being dismissed from the office?” No answer. “Now one of two things must take place. Either you must do something, or something must be done to you. Now what sort of business would you like to engage in? Would you like to re-engage in copying for some one?” “No; I would prefer not to make any change.” “Would you like a clerkship in a dry-goods store?” “There is too much confinement about that. No, I would not like a clerkship; but I am not particular.” “Too much confinement,” I cried, “why you keep yourself confined all the time!” “I would prefer not to take a clerkship,” he rejoined, as if to settle that little item at once. “How would a bar-tender’s business suit you? There is no trying of the eyesight in that.” “I would not like it at all; though, as I said before, I am not particular.” His unwonted wordiness inspirited me. I returned to the charge. “Well, then, would you like to travel through the country collecting bills for the merchants? That would improve your health.” “No, I would prefer to be doing something else.”

Korean banister: 난간, 난간동자. clerkship: 목사의 직, 서기의 신분, 서기의 직, 성직, 성직자의 신분, 사무원의 신분, 목사의 신분, 점원의 직, 점원의 신분, 사무원의 직. confinement: 제한, 감금, 해산, 유폐, 틀어박힘, 억류, 한계, 산욕, 국한, 해산자리에 누움. copying: 등사, 복사. engage: 약속하다, 교전하다, 걸리다, 예약하다, 고용하다, 정치에 관계된,

속박하다, 당기다, 종사시키다, 교전시키다, 관계된. haunt: 소굴, 출몰하다, 나오다, 자주가다, 마음에 붙어 다니다, 자주가는 장소, 에 자주 가다, 나타나다, 끊임없이 출입하는 장소, 자주 나타나다. mildly: 온화하게, 상냥하게, 부드럽게, 다소, 약간. silently: 잠자코, 조용히, 아무 말 않고, 묵묵히, 고요하게.

tribulation: 고난, 시련, 간난. unwonted: 보통이 아닌, 드문, 익숙하지 않은, 이상한, 에 익숙하지 않은. wordiness: 말이 많음, 다언, 말 많음.

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“How, %then, would going as a companion to Europe, to entertain some young gentleman with your conversation—how would that suit you?” “Not at all. It does not strike me that there is anything definite about that. I like to be stationary. But I am not particular.” “Stationary you shall be, then,” I cried, now losing all patience, and, for the first time in all my exasperating connection with him, fairly flying into a passion. “If you do not go away from these premises before night, I shall feel bound— indeed, I am bound—to—to—to quit the premises myself!” I rather absurdly concluded, knowing not with what possible threat to try to frighten his immobility into compliance. Despairing of all further efforts, I was precipitately leaving him, when a final thought occurred to me—one which had not been wholly unindulged before. “Bartleby,” said I, in the kindest tone I could assume under such exciting circumstances, “will you go home with me now—not to my office, but my dwelling—and remain there till we can conclude upon some convenient arrangement for you at our leisure? Come, let us start now, right away.” “No: at present I would prefer not to make any change at all.” I answered nothing; but, effectually dodging every one by the suddenness and rapidity of my flight, rushed from the building, ran up Wall street towards Broadway, and, jumping into the first omnibus, was soon removed from pursuit. As soon as tranquillity returned, I distinctly perceived that I had now done all that I possibly could, both in respect to the demands of the landlord and his tenants, and with regard to my own desire and sense of duty, to benefit Bartleby, and shield him from rude persecution, I now strove to be entirely care-free and quiescent; and my conscience justified me in the attempt; though, indeed, it was not so successful as I could have wished. So fearful was I of being again hunted out by the incensed landlord and his exasperated tenants, that, surrendering my business to Nippers, for a few days, I drove about the upper part of the town and through the suburbs, in my rockaway; crossed over to Jersey City and Hoboken, and paid fugitive visits to Manhattanville and Astoria. In fact, I almost lived in my rockaway for the time.

Korean absurdly: 불합리하게, 엉터리로. despairing: 절망적인, 필사의, 자포자기한. entertain: 대접하다, 품다, 즐겁게하다, 유쾌한, 재미있는, 즐겁게 하다, 간직하다, 호의로써 받아들이다, 환대하다. exasperating: 분통이 터지는, 분통 터지는, 화가 나는, 화나는. frighten: 겁내다, 놀라다, 소스라쳐 놀라게 하다, 놀라게하다,

무서워하다, 을러대어 ~을시키다. fugitive: 덧없는, 도망자, 도망친, 일시적인, 도망하는, 없어져 버리는 것, 사라져 버리는 것. immobility: 정지, 고정, 부동, 부동성. omnibus: 승합마차, 잡다한 것을 포함한, 총괄적인, 버스, 염가 보급판 작품선집, 합승 마차, 다수의 항목을 포함하는, 염가 보급판 작품집, 다수의 것을 포함하는. persecution: 종교적 박해, 종교적인

박해. precipitately: 갑자기, 줄달음질쳐, 곤두박질로, 돌연. quiescent: 조용한, 활동없는, 정지한. rapidity: 속도, 급속, 민첩, 신속. stationary: 고정된, 정지한, 움직이지 않는, 고정시킨, 변화 없는, 얼른 보아 경도에 변화가 없는, 움직이지 않는 것, 움직이지 않는 사람, 정주한. suddenness: 갑작스러움, 별안간, 돌연.

52

The Piazza Tales

When again I entered my office, lo, a note from the landlord lay upon the desk. I opened it with trembling hands. It informed me that the writer had sent to the police, and had Bartleby removed to the Tombs as a vagrant. Moreover, since I knew more about him than any one else, he wished me to appear at that place, and make a suitable statement of the facts. These tidings had a conflicting effect upon me. At first I was indignant; but, at last, almost approved. The landlord’s energetic, summary disposition, had led him to adopt a procedure which I do not think I would have decided upon myself; and yet, as a last resort, under such peculiar circumstances, it seemed the only plan. As I afterwards learned, the poor scrivener, when told that he must be conducted to the Tombs, offered not the slightest obstacle, but, in his pale, unmoving way, silently acquiesced. Some of the compassionate and curious bystanders joined the party; and headed by one of the constables arm in arm with Bartleby, the silent procession filed its way through all the noise, and heat, and joy of the roaring thoroughfares at noon.% The same day I received the note, I went to the Tombs, or, to speak more properly, the Halls of Justice. Seeking the right officer, I stated the purpose of my call, and was informed that the individual I described was, indeed, within. I then assured the functionary that Bartleby was a perfectly honest man, and greatly to be compassionated, however unaccountably eccentric. I narrated all I knew and closed by suggesting the idea of letting him remain in as indulgent confinement as possible, till something less harsh might be done—though, indeed, I hardly knew what. At all events, if nothing else could be decided upon, the alms-house must receive him. I then begged to have an interview. Being under no disgraceful charge, and quite serene and harmless in all his ways, they had permitted him freely to wander about the prison, and, especially, in the inclosed grass-platted yards thereof. And so I found him there, standing all alone in the quietest of the yards, his face towards a high wall, while all around, from the narrow slits of the jail windows, I thought I saw peering out upon him the eyes of murderers and thieves.

Korean compassionate: 인정 많은, 특별 배려에 의한, 측은히 여기다, 온정적인, 동정하다, 동정적인, 동정심 있는, 정상을 참작한, 자비로운. conflicting: 모순되는, 서로 싸우는, 충돌하는, 일치하지 않는, 서로 다투는, 상충되는, 상반하는. disgraceful: 수치스러운, 욕된. eccentric: 편심적인, 편심륜, 편심의, 별난, 편심론, 별난사람, 괴짜,

괴짜의-괴짜, 괴짜의, 이심원, 편심기. energetic: 정력적인, 원기왕성한. functionary: 기능의, 직원, 관리. inclosed: 동봉하는. indignant: 분개한, 성난. indulgent: 관대한, 멋대로 하게하는, 어하는, 응석을 받아주는 부모, 엄하지 않은, 제멋대로 하게 하는. roaring: 떠들썩한, 포효, 활발한, 으르렁거림, 술마시며 떠드는, 소리,

경기가 좋은, 굉음, 극도로, 노호하는, 굉굉히 울리는. serene: 고요한, 맑게 갠, 평화로운, 온화한, 잔잔한, 맑게 갠 하늘, 평온, 고귀하신, 맑게 하다, 침착한. thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에 관해서, 그것으로부터. tidings: 소식, 통지, 사건, 기별. unaccountably: 설명할 수 없게. unmoving: 부동의, 마음을 움직이지 못하는, 움직이지 않는, 정지한.

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“Bartleby!” “I know you,” he said, without looking round—”and I want nothing to say to you.” “It was not I that brought you here, Bartleby,” said I, keenly pained at his implied suspicion. “And to you, this should not be so vile a place. Nothing reproachful attaches to you by being here. And see, it is not so sad a place as one might think. Look, there is the sky, and here is the grass.” “I know where I am,” he replied, but would say nothing more, and so I left him. As I entered the corridor again, a broad meat-like man, in an apron, accosted me, and, jerking his thumb over his shoulder, said—”Is that your friend?” “Yes.” “Does he want to starve? If he does, let him live on the prison fare, that’s all.” “Who are you?” asked I, not knowing what to make of such an unofficially speaking person in such a place.% “I am the grub-man. Such gentlemen as have friends here, hire me to provide them with something good to eat.” “Is this so?” said I, turning to the turnkey. He said it was. “Well, then,” said I, slipping some silver into the grub-man’s hands (for so they called him), “I want you to give particular attention to my friend there; let him have the best dinner you can get. And you must be as polite to him as possible.” “Introduce me, will you?” said the grub-man, looking at me with an expression which seem to say he was all impatience for an opportunity to give a specimen of his breeding. Thinking it would prove of benefit to the scrivener, I acquiesced; and, asking the grub-man his name, went up with him to Bartleby. “Bartleby, this is a friend; you will find him very useful to you.”

Korean apron: 에이프런, 바텐더, 앞무대, 행주치마, 앞치마를 두르다, 앞치마, 격납고, 불쑥 나온 앞무대, 격납고 앞의 광장, 앞의 광장, 격납고 앞의 포장된 광장. breeding: 번식, 사육, 뱀뱀이, 버릇, 증식작용, 증식 작용, 가정교육, 가계, 증식. fare: 음식물, 가다, 먹다, 지내다, 승객, 일어나다, 요금, 여행하다, 대접받다, 운임, 되다.

hire: 임차료, 고용되다, 세내다, 고용하다, 세놓다, 임대료, 사용료, 임차하다, 임차, 임대하다. keenly: 예민하게, 날카롭게. polite: 공손한, 세련된, 품위 있는, 예절 바른, 문장 따위 세련된, 고상한. reproachful: 책망하는, 비난하는, 수치스러운, 책망하는 듯한, 나무랄 만한, 나무라는, 부끄러운, 꾸짖는. specimen: 견본, 표본, 괴짜, 인물, 별난 사람, 예.

starve: 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 아사하다, 굶주리게 하다, 배고프다, 동사시키다, 굶어 죽다, 시장기를 느끼다, 허기지게 하다. turnkey: 교도관, 완성 인도 방식의, 열쇠를 지니고 있는 사람. unofficially: 무허가로, 비공식적으로. vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한, 부도덕한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은, 변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시 나쁜, 비참한.

54

The Piazza Tales

“Your%sarvant, sir, your sarvant,” said the grub-man, making a low salutation behind his apron. “Hope you find it pleasant here, sir; nice grounds— cool apartments—hope you’ll stay with us some time—try to make it agreeable. What will you have for dinner to-day?” “I prefer not to dine to-day,” said Bartleby, turning away. “It would disagree with me; I am unused to dinners.” So saying, he slowly moved to the other side of the inclosure, and took up a position fronting the dead-wall. “How’s this?” said the grub-man, addressing me with a stare of astonishment. “He’s odd, ain’t he?” “I think he is a little deranged,” said I, sadly. “Deranged? deranged is it? Well, now, upon my word, I thought that friend of yourn was a gentleman forger; they are always pale, and genteel-like, them forgers. I can’t help pity ‘em—can’t help it, sir. Did you know Monroe Edwards?” he added, touchingly, and paused. Then, laying his hand piteously on my shoulder, sighed, “he died of consumption at Sing-Sing. So you weren’t acquainted with Monroe?” “No, I was never socially acquainted with any forgers. But I cannot stop longer. Look to my friend yonder. You will not lose by it. I will see you again.” Some few days after this, I again obtained admission to the Tombs, and went through the corridors in quest of Bartleby; but without finding him. “I saw him coming from his cell not long ago,” said a turnkey, “may be he’s gone to loiter in the yards.” So I went in that direction. “Are you looking for the silent man?” said another turnkey, passing me. “Yonder he lies—sleeping in the yard there. ‘Tis not twenty minutes since I saw him lie down.” The yard was entirely quiet. It was not accessible to the common prisoners. The surrounding walls, of amazing thickness, kept off all sounds behind them. The Egyptian character of the masonry weighed upon me with its gloom. But a soft imprisoned turf grew under foot. The heart of the eternal pyramids, it

Korean acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는, 정통한, 친한. agreeable: 기분 좋은, 유쾌한, 적당한, 어울리는, 쾌이 흥하는, 사근사근한, 마음에 드는, 맞는, 상냥한, 기꺼이 동의하는. astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄 만한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람. deranged: 혼란된, 미친. dine: 정찬을 들다, 식사를 하다, 식사할 수 있다, 만찬을 대접하다,

정찬을 먹다, 정찬을 대접하다. forger: 위조자, 거짓말쟁이, 대장장이, 날조자, 단련공, 위조범, 범인. imprisoned: 교도소에 집어 넣은. loiter: 빈들빈들 지내다, 빈둥거리다, 빈들빈들 살아가다. longer: 더 길게. masonry: 석조 건축, 프리메이슨 조합, 석공직, 석공 직, 벽돌공사, 벽돌공 직, 콘크리트 공사, 콘크리트공 직, 돌공사.

piteously: 가련하게. salutation: 인사, 인사말, 경례, 절, 목례. thickness: 두께, 농후, 두꺼움, 농도, 굵음, 두꺼운 부분, 빈번, 치밀, 혼탁, 머리가 둔함, 굵기. turf: 잔디, 잔디로 덮다, 토탄, 떼, 경마, 한 장의 뗏장, 땟장, 내쫓다, 토탄을 캐다, 경마장. unused: 익숙하지 않은, 쓰지 않는, 사용한 적이 없는, 사용하지 않은.

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seemed, wherein, by some strange magic, through the clefts, grass-seed, dropped by birds, had sprung. Strangely huddled at the base of the wall, his knees drawn up, and lying on his side, his head touching the cold stones, I saw the wasted Bartleby. But nothing stirred. I paused; then went close up to him; stooped over, and saw that his dim eyes were open; otherwise he seemed profoundly sleeping. Something prompted me to touch him. I felt his hand, when a tingling shiver ran up my arm and down my spine to my, feet. The round face of the grub-man peered upon me now. “His dinner is ready. Won’t he dine to-day, either? Or does he live without dining?” “Lives without dining,” said I, and closed the eyes. “Eh!—He’s asleep, ain’t he?” “With kings and counselors,” murmured I.%

*

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*

There would seem little need for proceeding further in this history. Imagination will readily supply the meagre recital of poor Bartleby’s interment. But, ere parting with the reader, let me say, that if this little narrative has sufficiently interested him, to awaken curiosity as to who Bartleby was, and what manner of life he led prior to the present narrator’s making his acquaintance, I can only reply, that in such curiosity I fully share, but am wholly unable to gratify it. Yet here I hardly know whether I should divulge one little item of rumor, which came to my ear a few months after the scrivener’s decease. Upon what basis it rested, I could never ascertain; and hence, how true it is I cannot now tell. But, inasmuch as this vague report has not been without a certain suggestive interest to me, however sad, it may prove the same with some others; and so I will briefly mention it. The report was this: that Bartleby had been a subordinate clerk in the Dead Letter Office at Washington, from which he

Korean ascertain: 확인하다, 알아내다, 을 분리, 별세, 고별의, 떠나가는, 머리 산산이 부수다, 산산조각. 확인하다, 확실히 하다, 명백히 하다. 따위의 가리마, 저물어 가는, 이별의. subordinate: 종속의, 종속하는 사람, awaken: 자각시키다, 깨닫다, 불러 profoundly: 깊이, 매우, 심원하게, 경시하다, 부수하는, 종속시키다, 일으키다, 깨우다, 자각하다, 깨다. 몹시. 하위의, 하위에 두다, 아래의, 종속자, decease: 사망, 사망하다, 죽은. recital: 이야기, 암송, 상술, 독주, 밑에 두다, 종속적인. divulge: 폭로하다, 비밀을 누설하다, 독주회, 낭송, 낭독, 비고 부분, suggestive: 암시적인, 연상시키는, 비밀을누설하다, 누설하다. 사실의 설명 부분, 연주회, 자세한 유혹적인, 암시하는, 암시의, interment: 매장, 토장. 설명. 생각나게 하는, 유발시키는 듯한. meagre: 빈약한, 결핍한, 불충분한, shiver: 조각, 부서지다, 파편, 부수다, wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 무미건조한, 메마른, 야윈, 마른. 오한, 부들부들 떨게 하다, 떨림, 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, parting: 이별, 고별, 나누는, 출발, 떨리게 하다, 산산이 부서지다, 어떤 점으로.

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had been suddenly removed by a change in the administration. When I think over this rumor, hardly can I express the emotions which seize me. Dead letters! does it not sound like dead men? Conceive a man by nature and misfortune prone to a pallid hopelessness, can any business seem more fitted to heighten it than that of continually handling these dead letters, and assorting them for the flames? For by the cart-load they are annually burned. Sometimes from out the folded paper the pale clerk takes a ring—the finger it was meant for, perhaps, moulders in the grave; a bank-note sent in swiftest charity—he whom it would relieve, nor eats nor hungers any more; pardon for those who died despairing; hope for those who died unhoping; good tidings for those who died stifled by unrelieved calamities. On errands of life, these letters speed to death. % Ah, Bartleby! Ah, humanity!

Korean ah: 아아, 아이고. annually: 해마다, 매년, 연년. conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, 마음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 생각하다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다. eats: 먹을것, 음식물. heighten: 높이다, 높아지다, 높게 하다, 증가시키다, 증대하다, 고상하게 하다, 강화하다, 강화시키다 높아지다, 강화되다, 증가하다,

과장하다. humanity: 인류, 인간성, 인정, 인간, 인문 과학, 박애, 인간임, 사람의 속성, 자선 행위, 라틴 문학, 인간애. misfortune: 불행, 불운, 재난. prone: 의 경향이 있는, 수그린, 납죽엎드린, 내리받이의, 하기 쉬운, 경향이 있는, 토지가 경사진, 수그러진, 경사진. relieve: 구제하다, 해직하다, 안심시키다, 덜다, 경감하다, 대조

시키다, 덜어주다, 돋보이게 하다, 두드러지게 하다, 교대하다, 구출하다. seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다, 이용하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다, 잡아매다, 잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 매다, 덮치다, 엄습하다. unrelieved: 단조로운, 누그러지지 않은, 변화없는, 구제되지 않는, 구제받지 못한, 평면적인, 요철없는, 변화 없는, 명암 없는, 요철 없는.

Herman Melville

57

BENITO CERENO

In the year 1799, Captain Amasa Delano, of Duxbury, in Massachusetts, commanding a large sealer and general trader, lay at anchor with a valuable cargo, in the harbor of St. Maria—a small, desert, uninhabited island toward the southern extremity of the long coast of Chili. There he had touched for water.% On the second day, not long after dawn, while lying in his berth, his mate came below, informing him that a strange sail was coming into the bay. Ships were then not so plenty in those waters as now. He rose, dressed, and went on deck. The morning was one peculiar to that coast. Everything was mute and calm; everything gray. The sea, though undulated into long roods of swells, seemed fixed, and was sleeked at the surface like waved lead that has cooled and set in the smelter’s mould. The sky seemed a gray surtout. Flights of troubled gray fowl, kith and kin with flights of troubled gray vapors among which they were mixed, skimmed low and fitfully over the waters, as swallows over meadows before storms. Shadows present, foreshadowing deeper shadows to come. To Captain Delano’s surprise, the stranger, viewed through the glass, showed no colors; though to do so upon entering a haven, however uninhabited in its shores, where but a single other ship might be lying, was the custom among peaceful seamen of all nations. Considering the lawlessness and loneliness of the spot, and the sort of stories, at that day, associated with those seas, Captain

Korean anchor: 닻, 정착시키다, 힘이 되는 것 닻을 내려 멈추다, 힘이되는 것최종 주자, 닻의, 의지할 힘이 되는 것, 야구 팀에서 제일가는 강타자, 맨 끝 사람, 닻을 내리다, 닻으로 고정시키다, 주저앉다. berth: 숙소, 침대, 지위, 정박시키다, 정박지, 직업-정박하다, 정박 위치, 정박 거리, 정박 간격, 적당한 장소, 정박하다. commanding: 전망이 좋은, 지휘하는,

당당한, 위엄있는, 위풍당당한, 유리한 장소를 차지한. extremity: 말단, 수족, 선단, 곤경, 비상수단, 끝, 극한, 극단, 극도, 극단책, 앞끝. fitfully: 발작적으로, 변덕스럽게. fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다, 새고기, 엽조를 사냥하다. harbor: 피난처, 항구, 정박하다, 숨다, 피난처를 제공하다, 품다, 숨기다, 은신처, 숨겨 주다, 잠시 묵다.

haven: 항구, 피난처. informing: 유익한, 교육적인. kith: 일가 친척, 친구. lawlessness: 법률이 없는 것. sealer: 날인자, 도량형 검사관, 바다표범잡이 어부, 바다표범잡이. surtout: 외투. trader: 상인, 상선, 무역선, 거래원. undulated: 파상의. uninhabited: 무인의, 사람이 살지 않은, 사람이 살지 않는.

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Delano’s surprise might have deepened into some uneasiness had he not been a person of a singularly undistrustful good-nature, not liable, except on extraordinary and repeated incentives, and hardly then, to indulge in personal alarms, any way involving the imputation of malign evil in man. Whether, in view of what humanity is capable, such a trait implies, along with a benevolent heart, more than ordinary quickness and accuracy of intellectual perception, may be left to the wise to determine.% But whatever misgivings might have obtruded on first seeing the stranger, would almost, in any seaman’s mind, have been dissipated by observing that, the ship, in navigating into the harbor, was drawing too near the land; a sunken reef making out off her bow. This seemed to prove her a stranger, indeed, not only to the sealer, but the island; consequently, she could be no wonted freebooter on that ocean. With no small interest, Captain Delano continued to watch her—a proceeding not much facilitated by the vapors partly mantling the hull, through which the far matin light from her cabin streamed equivocally enough; much like the sun—by this time hemisphered on the rim of the horizon, and, apparently, in company with the strange ship entering the harbor—which, wimpled by the same low, creeping clouds, showed not unlike a Lima intriguante’s one sinister eye peering across the Plaza from the Indian loop-hole of her dusk saya-y-manta. It might have been but a deception of the vapors, but, the longer the stranger was watched the more singular appeared her manoeuvres. Ere long it seemed hard to decide whether she meant to come in or no—what she wanted, or what she was about. The wind, which had breezed up a little during the night, was now extremely light and baffling, which the more increased the apparent uncertainty of her movements. Surmising, at last, that it might be a ship in distress, Captain Delano ordered his whale-boat to be dropped, and, much to the wary opposition of his mate, prepared to board her, and, at the least, pilot her in. On the night previous, a fishing-party of the seamen had gone a long distance to some detached rocks out of sight from the sealer, and, an hour or two before daybreak, had returned, having met with no small success. Presuming that the

Korean accuracy: 정확, 정밀, 정확성. baffling: 저해하는, 이해할 수 없는, 당황하게 하는, 당혹시키는. benevolent: 자비스러운, 친절한, 자애로운, 호의적인, 박애의, 유순한, 자선적인, 인정많은. creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는, 기어 돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린, 근질근질한 느낌, 기기, 근질근질하는, 포복, 잠행성의, 은밀한. daybreak: 새벽, 동틀녘.

dissipated: 방탕한, 낭비된, 난봉부리는, 난봉피우는. equivocally: 다의적으로, 애매하게, 어정쩡하게, 의심스럽게. freebooter: 약탈자, 해적. imputation: 비난, 비방, 전가비난, 돌아감, 돌림, 누명, 허물, 돌리기. malign: 악의 있는, 유해한, 중상하다, 헐뜯다, 악성의. matin: 아침 일과, 아침 노래, 조과, 아침 예배.

presuming: 주제넘은, 뻔뻔스러운, 염치없는. quickness: 민첩, 성급함, 신속, 기민, 빠르기, 급격, 속도, 성마름, 급속. reef: 암초, 축범부, 축범하다, 모래톱, 장애물, 줄이다, 짧게하다, 광맥, 초, 돛의 축범부, 돛을 줄이다. trait: 특색, 특징, 얼굴 모습, 특성, 일필. wary: 주의 깊은, 조심성 있는. wonted: 버릇처럼 된, 예의, 익숙한.

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stranger might have been long off soundings, the good captain put several baskets of the fish, for presents, into his boat, and so pulled away. From her continuing too near the sunken reef, deeming her in danger, calling to his men, he made all haste to apprise those on board of their situation. But, some time ere the boat came up, the wind, light though it was, having shifted, had headed the vessel off, as well as partly broken the vapors from about her.% Upon gaining a less remote view, the ship, when made signally visible on the verge of the leaden-hued swells, with the shreds of fog here and there raggedly furring her, appeared like a white-washed monastery after a thunder-storm, seen perched upon some dun cliff among the Pyrenees. But it was no purely fanciful resemblance which now, for a moment, almost led Captain Delano to think that nothing less than a ship-load of monks was before him. Peering over the bulwarks were what really seemed, in the hazy distance, throngs of dark cowls; while, fitfully revealed through the open port-holes, other dark moving figures were dimly descried, as of Black Friars pacing the cloisters. Upon a still nigher approach, this appearance was modified, and the true character of the vessel was plain—a Spanish merchantman of the first class, carrying negro slaves, amongst other valuable freight, from one colonial port to another. A very large, and, in its time, a very fine vessel, such as in those days were at intervals encountered along that main; sometimes superseded Acapulco treasure-ships, or retired frigates of the Spanish king’s navy, which, like superannuated Italian palaces, still, under a decline of masters, preserved signs of former state. As the whale-boat drew more and more nigh, the cause of the peculiar pipeclayed aspect of the stranger was seen in the slovenly neglect pervading her. The spars, ropes, and great part of the bulwarks, looked woolly, from long unacquaintance with the scraper, tar, and the brush. Her keel seemed laid, her ribs put together, and she launched, from Ezekiel’s Valley of Dry Bones. In the present business in which she was engaged, the ship’s general model and rig appeared to have undergone no material change from their original warlike and Froissart pattern. However, no guns were seen.

Korean apprise: 통고하다, 알리다. 껄끄러운, 비쭉비쭉한, 불완전한, furring: 모피, 모피 장식, 초벽 재료, 남루한, 찢어진, 초라한, 해진, 고르지 초벽, 물때, 모피붙임. 못한. keel: 배, 용골, 졸도하다, 전복시키다, scraper: 스크레이퍼, 신발 흙떨개, 용골 별자리, 사람 등을 넘어뜨리다, 구두쇠, 긁는 기구, 서툰 배를 뒤집어엎다, 뒤집히다, 바이올린쟁이, 이발사, 구두의 뒤집어엎다, 넘어뜨리다, 배가 흙털개, 글자 지우개, 깎는 기구, 깍는 뒤집히다. 기구, 길 고르는 기계. merchantman: 상선, 상인. signally: 두드러지게. pacing: 보측. slovenly: 단정치 못한, 부주의한, raggedly: 조화되지 않은, 울툭불툭한, 단정치 못하게, 되는 대로의, 되는

대로, 되는 대로의 되는 대로, 게으른, 추레한. soundings: 측연이 미치는 측정 범위. superannuated: 시대에 뒤진, 퇴직한, 노쇠한, 노쇠하여 퇴직한, 병약하여 퇴직한. tar: 타르, 뱃사람, 엄하게 벌하다, 선원, 가출옥 때의 남은 형기, 타르를 바르다. warlike: 전쟁의, 호전적인, 전투적인, 상무의, 도전적인, 군사의, 용맹한.

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The tops were large, and were railed about with what had once been octagonal net-work, all now in sad disrepair. These tops hung overhead like three ruinous aviaries, in one of which was seen, perched, on a ratlin, a white noddy, a strange fowl, so called from its lethargic, somnambulistic character, being frequently caught by hand at sea. Battered and mouldy, the castellated forecastle seemed some ancient turret, long ago taken by assault, and then left to decay. Toward the stern, two high-raised quarter galleries—the balustrades here and there covered with dry, tindery sea-moss—opening out from the unoccupied state-cabin, whose dead-lights, for all the mild weather, were hermetically closed and calked—these tenantless balconies hung over the sea as if it were the grand Venetian canal. But the principal relic of faded grandeur was the ample oval of the shield-like stern-piece, intricately carved with the arms of Castile and Leon, medallioned about by groups of mythological or symbolical devices; uppermost and central of which was a dark satyr in a mask, holding his foot on the prostrate neck of a writhing figure, likewise masked.% Whether the ship had a figure-head, or only a plain beak, was not quite certain, owing to canvas wrapped about that part, either to protect it while undergoing a re-furbishing, or else decently to hide its decay. Rudely painted or chalked, as in a sailor freak, along the forward side of a sort of pedestal below the canvas, was the sentence, “Seguid vuestro jefe” (follow your leader); while upon the tarnished headboards, near by, appeared, in stately capitals, once gilt, the ship’s name, “SAN DOMINICK,” each letter streakingly corroded with tricklings of copper-spike rust; while, like mourning weeds, dark festoons of seagrass slimily swept to and fro over the name, with every hearse-like roll of the hull. As, at last, the boat was hooked from the bow along toward the gangway amidship, its keel, while yet some inches separated from the hull, harshly grated as on a sunken coral reef. It proved a huge bunch of conglobated barnacles adhering below the water to the side like a wen—a token of baffling airs and long calms passed somewhere in those seas.

Korean amidship: 배의. castellated: 성모양으로 구축된, 성이 많은, 성 모양으로 구축된. disrepair: 파손, 파손 상태. forecastle: 선수루, 앞간판, 전면간판, 앞 갑판. gangway: 비켜라, 좌석의 통로, 현문, 경사면, 좌석 사이의 통로, 주요갱도, 통로, 배다리. hermetically: 밀봉한, 연금술, 밀폐하여, 밀봉하여.

intricately: 복잡하게, 번잡하게. noddy: 바보, 검은제비갈매기, 얼간이, 멍청이, 검은 제비갈매기, 열대 지방산 검은 제비갈매기. prostrate: 엎드린, 넘어뜨리다, 패배한, 넘어진, 굴복시키다, 부복한, 엎드리다, 항복시키다, 포복성의, 쇠약하게 하다, 쓰러뜨리다. ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는, 파괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼, 몰락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된.

satyr: 사티로스, 호색한, 호색가. slimily: 끈적끈적하게. somnambulistic: 몽유병의, 잠결에 걸어다니는. symbolical: 상징주의적인, 부호의, 상징적인, 기호적인. tenantless: 빌어쓰는 사람이 없는, 빌어 쓸 사람이 없는, 빈땅의, 거주자가 없는. tindery: 격하기 쉬운, 부싯깃 같은, 타기 쉬운, 부싯깃같은.

Herman Melville

61

Climbing the side, the visitor was at once surrounded by a clamorous throng of whites and blacks, but the latter outnumbering the former more than could have been expected, negro transportation-ship as the stranger in port was. But, in one language, and as with one voice, all poured out a common tale of suffering; in which the negresses, of whom there were not a few, exceeded the others in their dolorous vehemence. The scurvy, together with the fever, had swept off a great part of their number, more especially the Spaniards. Off Cape Horn they had narrowly escaped shipwreck; then, for days together, they had lain tranced without wind; their provisions were low; their water next to none; their lips that moment were baked.% While Captain Delano was thus made the mark of all eager tongues, his one eager glance took in all faces, with every other object about him. Always upon first boarding a large and populous ship at sea, especially a foreign one, with a nondescript crew such as Lascars or Manilla men, the impression varies in a peculiar way from that produced by first entering a strange house with strange inmates in a strange land. Both house and ship—the one by its walls and blinds, the other by its high bulwarks like ramparts—hoard from view their interiors till the last moment: but in the case of the ship there is this addition; that the living spectacle it contains, upon its sudden and complete disclosure, has, in contrast with the blank ocean which zones it, something of the effect of enchantment. The ship seems unreal; these strange costumes, gestures, and faces, but a shadowy tableau just emerged from the deep, which directly must receive back what it gave. Perhaps it was some such influence, as above is attempted to be described, which, in Captain Delano’s mind, heightened whatever, upon a staid scrutiny, might have seemed unusual; especially the conspicuous figures of four elderly grizzled negroes, their heads like black, doddered willow tops, who, in venerable contrast to the tumult below them, were couched, sphynx-like, one on the starboard cat-head, another on the larboard, and the remaining pair face to face on the opposite bulwarks above the main-chains. They each had bits of unstranded old junk in their hands, and, with a sort of stoical self-content, were

Korean clamorous: 시끄러운, 떠들썩한, 떨들썩한. doddered: 웃동이 떨어져 없는, 가지끝이 말라 떨어진, 늙어빠진, 가지끝이 떨어져 없는. dolorous: 슬픈. enchantment: 매혹, 마법, 매혹하는 것, 마법에 걸린 상태, 마법을 걸기. grizzled: 회색빛을 띤. larboard: 좌현. negro: 니그로, 흑인, 흑인의, 검은,

흑인이 사는, 검은피부의 사람, 흑인에 관한, 아프리카 흑인, 아프리카 흑인 의피를 이어 받은 사람, 약간 검은, 흑인종의. nondescript: 막연한, 특징이 없는, 정체모를, 정체를 알수 없는 사람, 정체를 알수 없는, 정체 모를 것, 정체를 알 수 없는, 정체 모를 사람. populous: 인구 조밀한, 인구가 조밀한. scurvy: 괴혈병, 상스러운.

shipwreck: 난파, 파멸하다, 과멸, 과선하다, 파선, 난파하다, 난파선, 파멸시키다, 파멸, 난파선의 잔해, 난선하다. staid: 침착한, 차분한, 착실한. stoical: 금욕의, 냉정한, 극기의, 스토아철학의, 스토아철학파의. tumult: 흥분, 혼란, 소동, 떠들썩함, 소란, 소요, 격동. vehemence: 격렬함, 맹위, 열렬, 맹렬함, 격정.

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picking the junk into oakum, a small heap of which lay by their sides. They accompanied the task with a continuous, low, monotonous, chant; droning and drilling away like so many gray-headed bag-pipers playing a funeral march.% The quarter-deck rose into an ample elevated poop, upon the forward verge of which, lifted, like the oakum-pickers, some eight feet above the general throng, sat along in a row, separated by regular spaces, the cross-legged figures of six other blacks; each with a rusty hatchet in his hand, which, with a bit of brick and a rag, he was engaged like a scullion in scouring; while between each two was a small stack of hatchets, their rusted edges turned forward awaiting a like operation. Though occasionally the four oakum-pickers would briefly address some person or persons in the crowd below, yet the six hatchet-polishers neither spoke to others, nor breathed a whisper among themselves, but sat intent upon their task, except at intervals, when, with the peculiar love in negroes of uniting industry with pastime, two and two they sideways clashed their hatchets together,’ like cymbals, with a barbarous din. All six, unlike the generality, had the raw aspect of unsophisticated Africans. But that first comprehensive glance which took in those ten figures, with scores less conspicuous, rested but an instant upon them, as, impatient of the hubbub of voices, the visitor turned in quest of whomsoever it might be that commanded the ship. But as if not unwilling to let nature make known her own case among his suffering charge, or else in despair of restraining it for the time, the Spanish captain, a gentlemanly, reserved-looking, and rather young man to a stranger’s eye, dressed with singular richness, but bearing plain traces of recent sleepless cares and disquietudes, stood passively by, leaning against the main-mast, at one moment casting a dreary, spiritless look upon his excited people, at the next an unhappy glance toward his visitor. By his side stood a black of small stature, in whose rude face, as occasionally, like a shepherd’s dog, he mutely turned it up into the Spaniard’s, sorrow and affection were equally blended. Struggling through the throng, the American advanced to the Spaniard, assuring him of his sympathies, and offering to render whatever assistance

Korean assuring: 보증하는, 확인하는, 확신을 주는. barbarous: 잔인한, 야만의, 무식한, 조야한, 그리스 어 이외의, 라틴 어 이외의, 미개한, 야비한, 이국어의. blended: 혼합된, 블렌드된, 혼방의. cymbals: 심벌즈. hatchet: 자귀, 화해하다. hubbub: 소란, 왁자지껄, 와글와글함. mutely: 무언으로, 소리를 내지 않고, 벙어리같이.

oakum: 뱃밥. passively: 수동태로, 피동적으로. pastime: 오락, 기분 전환. poop: 고물-고물을 치다, 바보, 하찮은 자, 피로하게 하다, 지쳐빠지다, 지쳐 빠지게 하다, 의 고물을 치다, 원래 고물, 남을 지쳐 빠지게 하다, 기계 따위가 움직이지 않다, 고물. quarter-deck: 선미 갑판, 고급 선원. scouring: 연마, 설사, 정련, 오물, 인간쓰레기, 진흙, 쓰레기, 인간 폐물.

scullion: 접시닦이, 부엌데기, 허드렛일하는 사람, 부엌일하는 사람, 비천한 사람. sleepless: 잠 못 이루는, 방심치 않는, 가만있지 않는, 불면증의, 쉬지 않는, 끊임없는. spiritless: 생기 없는, 마음내키지 않는, 기운 없는, 생명 없는. unsophisticated: 순진한, 단순한, 섞지 않은, 순수한, 진짜의, 섞인 것 없는, 순박한.

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might be in his power. To which the Spaniard returned for the present but grave and ceremonious acknowledgments, his national formality dusked by the saturnine mood of ill-health.% But losing no time in mere compliments, Captain Delano, returning to the gangway, had his basket of fish brought up; and as the wind still continued light, so that some hours at least must elapse ere the ship could be brought to the anchorage, he bade his men return to the sealer, and fetch back as much water as the whale-boat could carry, with whatever soft bread the steward might have, all the remaining pumpkins on board, with a box of sugar, and a dozen of his private bottles of cider. Not many minutes after the boat’s pushing off, to the vexation of all, the wind entirely died away, and the tide turning, began drifting back the ship helplessly seaward. But trusting this would not long last, Captain Delano sought, with good hopes, to cheer up the strangers, feeling no small satisfaction that, with persons in their condition, he could—thanks to his frequent voyages along the Spanish main—converse with some freedom in their native tongue. While left alone with them, he was not long in observing some things tending to heighten his first impressions; but surprise was lost in pity, both for the Spaniards and blacks, alike evidently reduced from scarcity of water and provisions; while long-continued suffering seemed to have brought out the less good-natured qualities of the negroes, besides, at the same time, impairing the Spaniard’s authority over them. But, under the circumstances, precisely this condition of things was to have been anticipated. In armies, navies, cities, or families, in nature herself, nothing more relaxes good order than misery. Still, Captain Delano was not without the idea, that had Benito Cereno been a man of greater energy, misrule would hardly have come to the present pass. But the debility, constitutional or induced by hardships, bodily and mental, of the Spanish captain, was too obvious to be overlooked. A prey to settled dejection, as if long mocked with hope he would not now indulge it, even when it had ceased to be a mock, the prospect of that day, or evening at furthest, lying at anchor, with plenty of water for his people, and a brother captain to counsel and

Korean anchorage: 투묘, 정박, 닻을 내림, 은자의 주거, 정박료, 은둔처, 은둔장소, 정박세, 정박소, 투묘지, 정신적 의지. ceremonious: 예의 바른, 형식적인, 의식의, 격식을 차린, 엄숙한, 딱딱한, 의식적인. cider: 사과술, 사과주스. compliments: 의례적인 인사말. debility: 쇠약. dejection: 낙담, 실의, 우울, 배설물.

dozen: 다스. elapse: 경과하다. formality: 의식, 딱딱함 형식적 행위, 형식존중, 정식의 절차, 형식에 구애됨, 정규의 절차, 상례, 의례, 정식. furthest: 가장 먼. misrule: 악정, 의 통치를 그르치다, 실정. saturnine: 음침한, 뚱한, 토성의 정기를 받은, 납의, 토성의 영향을

받고 태어난, 납 같은. scarcity: 부족, 결핍, 기근, 식량난, 품귀. seaward: 바다쪽의, 바다쪽으로, 바다를 향한, 바다쪽. trusting: 믿는, 사람을 의심하지 않는, 믿고있는, 남을 의심하지 않는. vexation: 애탐, 괴롭힘, 화냄, 고민거리, 고통, 고민, 귀찮은 사물, 애태움, 속상함, 괴로움의 원인, 번뇌의 원인.

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befriend, %seemed in no perceptible degree to encourage him. His mind appeared unstrung, if not still more seriously affected. Shut up in these oaken walls, chained to one dull round of command, whose unconditionality cloyed him, like some hypochondriac abbot he moved slowly about, at times suddenly pausing, starting, or staring, biting his lip, biting his finger-nail, flushing, paling, twitching his beard, with other symptoms of an absent or moody mind. This distempered spirit was lodged, as before hinted, in as distempered a frame. He was rather tall, but seemed never to have been robust, and now with nervous suffering was almost worn to a skeleton. A tendency to some pulmonary complaint appeared to have been lately confirmed. His voice was like that of one with lungs half gone—hoarsely suppressed, a husky whisper. No wonder that, as in this state he tottered about, his private servant apprehensively followed him. Sometimes the negro gave his master his arm, or took his handkerchief out of his pocket for him; performing these and similar offices with that affectionate zeal which transmutes into something filial or fraternal acts in themselves but menial; and which has gained for the negro the repute of making the most pleasing body-servant in the world; one, too, whom a master need be on no stiffly superior terms with, but may treat with familiar trust; less a servant than a devoted companion. Marking the noisy indocility of the blacks in general, as well as what seemed the sullen inefficiency of the whites it was not without humane satisfaction that Captain Delano witnessed the steady good conduct of Babo. But the good conduct of Babo, hardly more than the ill-behavior of others, seemed to withdraw the half-lunatic Don Benito from his cloudy languor. Not that such precisely was the impression made by the Spaniard on the mind of his visitor. The Spaniard’s individual unrest was, for the present, but noted as a conspicuous feature in the ship’s general affliction. Still, Captain Delano was not a little concerned at what he could not help taking for the time to be Don Benito’s unfriendly indifference towards himself. The Spaniard’s manner, too, conveyed a sort of sour and gloomy disdain, which he seemed at no pains to disguise. But this the American in charity ascribed to the harassing effects of sickness, since, in

Korean affliction: 고통, 고민거리, 괴로움, 병, 불행의 원인, 고뇌. apprehensively: 근심하게, 우려하게. filial: 자식으로서의, 자식의, 잡종세대의. flushing: 수세, 수세식. harassing: 괴롭히는, 귀찮게 구는. hypochondriac: 우울증의 우울증환자, 히포콘드리증의, 심기증의. indocility: 가르치기 힘드는, 가르치기 힘듦, 순종치 않음, 고분고분하지

않은. languor: 무기력, 시름, 우울, 노곤함. menial: 하인의, 천한, 하인, 천한 일을 하는. oaken: 떡갈나무제의, 오크재의. paling: 울짱, 말뚝을 둘러 박기, 말뚝, 말뚝박기. perceptible: 지각 할 수 있는, 인지할 수 있는, 지각할 수 있는. pulmonary: 폐의, 폐를 침범하는, 펫병의, 폐를 가진.

repute: 평판, 세평, 명성, 호평, 이라고 평하다, 신용, 생각하다, 로 보다, 라 평하다, 여기다, 고명. sullen: 음산한, 찌무룩한, 지르퉁한, 찌푸린 얼굴, 육중한, 실쭉한. unfriendly: 우정이 없는, 불친절한, 형편이 좋지 않은, 해로운, 비우호적으로, 적. unstrung: 느즈러진, 배우지 않은, 약해진, 줄이 느슨해진. zeal: 열중, 열심, 열의, 열성.

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former instances, he had noted that there are peculiar natures on whom prolonged physical suffering seems to cancel every social instinct of kindness; as if, forced to black bread themselves, they deemed it but equity that each person coming nigh them should, indirectly, by some slight or affront, be made to partake of their fare.% But ere long Captain Delano bethought him that, indulgent as he was at the first, in judging the Spaniard, he might not, after all, have exercised charity enough. At bottom it was Don Benito’s reserve which displeased him; but the same reserve was shown towards all but his faithful personal attendant. Even the formal reports which, according to sea-usage, were, at stated times, made to him by some petty underling, either a white, mulatto or black, he hardly had patience enough to listen to, without betraying contemptuous aversion. His manner upon such occasions was, in its degree, not unlike that which might be supposed to have been his imperial countryman’s, Charles V., just previous to the anchoritish retirement of that monarch from the throne. This splenetic disrelish of his place was evinced in almost every function pertaining to it. Proud as he was moody, he condescended to no personal mandate. Whatever special orders were necessary, their delivery was delegated to his body-servant, who in turn transferred them to their ultimate destination, through runners, alert Spanish boys or slave boys, like pages or pilot-fish within easy call continually hovering round Don Benito. So that to have beheld this undemonstrative invalid gliding about, apathetic and mute, no landsman could have dreamed that in him was lodged a dictatorship beyond which, while at sea, there was no earthly appeal. Thus, the Spaniard, regarded in his reserve, seemed the involuntary victim of mental disorder. But, in fact, his reserve might, in some degree, have proceeded from design. If so, then here was evinced the unhealthy climax of that icy though conscientious policy, more or less adopted by all commanders of large ships, which, except in signal emergencies, obliterates alike the manifestation of sway with every trace of sociality; transforming the man into a block, or rather into a loaded cannon, which, until there is call for thunder, has nothing to say.

Korean affront: 모욕, 모욕하다, 반항하다, 직면하다, 경멸, 태연하게 맞서다. apathetic: 무감동한, 냉담한, 무감각한. aversion: 혐오, 반감, 싫은 것, 싫은 사람. contemptuous: 경멸적인, 사람을 얕잡아보는, 오만 무례, 경멸하여. disrelish: 혐오하다, 혐오, 싫음, 싫어하다. gliding: 활공, 미끄러지는, 활주,

활주하는, 활공하는, 미끄러짐. hovering: 공중 정지, 호버링. landsman: 육상 생활자, 풋내기 선원, 육상생활자, 풋내기 뱃사람. mulatto: 황갈색의, 백인과 흑인과의 트기, 백인과 흑인의 제일대 혼혈아, 혹백 혼혈아의. partake: 한 몫 끼다, 기미가 있다, 같이 하다, 얼마큼 먹다, 참여하다, 에 참여하다, 다소 성질이 있다, 함께 하다.

sociality: 사교성, 사교적 행위, 교제를 좋아함, 사교 본능. splenetic: 비장의, 까다로운, 지라의, 성마른, 성마른 사람, 비장병 환자, 비장병 약, 기분이 언짢은, 꾀까다로운 사람, 심술궂은, 우울증의. undemonstrative: 내성적인, 내색하지 않는, 조심성 있는, 나타내지 않는. underling: 아랫사람, 졸개, 졸때기, 부하.

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Viewing him in this light, it seemed but a natural token of the perverse habit induced by a long course of such hard self-restraint, that, notwithstanding the present condition of his ship, the Spaniard should still persist in a demeanor, which, however harmless, or, it may be, appropriate, in a well-appointed vessel, such as the San Dominick might have been at the outset of the voyage, was anything but judicious now. But the Spaniard, perhaps, thought that it was with captains as with gods: reserve, under all events, must still be their cue. But probably this appearance of slumbering dominion might have been but an attempted disguise to conscious imbecility—not deep policy, but shallow device. But be all this as it might, whether Don Benito’s manner was designed or not, the more Captain Delano noted its pervading reserve, the less he felt uneasiness at any particular manifestation of that reserve towards himself.% Neither were his thoughts taken up by the captain alone. Wonted to the quiet orderliness of the sealer’s comfortable family of a crew, the noisy confusion of the San Dominick’s suffering host repeatedly challenged his eye. Some prominent breaches, not only of discipline but of decency, were observed. These Captain Delano could not but ascribe, in the main, to the absence of those subordinate deck-officers to whom, along with higher duties, is intrusted what may be styled the police department of a populous ship. True, the old oakumpickers appeared at times to act the part of monitorial constables to their countrymen, the blacks; but though occasionally succeeding in allaying trifling outbreaks now and then between man and man, they could do little or nothing toward establishing general quiet. The San Dominick was in the condition of a transatlantic emigrant ship, among whose multitude of living freight are some individuals, doubtless, as little troublesome as crates and bales; but the friendly remonstrances of such with their ruder companions are of not so much avail as the unfriendly arm of the mate. What the San Dominick wanted was, what the emigrant ship has, stern superior officers. But on these decks not so much as a fourth-mate was to be seen. The visitor’s curiosity was roused to learn the particulars of those mishaps which had brought about such absenteeism, with its consequences; because,

Korean absenteeism: 장기 결석, 부재 지주 제도, 계획적 결근, 부재지주 제도, 장기 결근. ascribe: 탓으로 하다, 돌리다, 에 돌리다, 에 속하는 것으로 생각하다. cue: 큐, 기분, 역할, 단서, 계기, 신호, 행동을 유도하는 자극, 연주 지시 악절, 행동 개시의 지시를 주다, 실마리, 에게 신호를 주다. decency: 예의, 체면, 점잖음, 예의 범절, 체면상, 보통의 살림에 필요한

물건, 어엿한 생활에 필요한 것, 예절 바름, 보기 흉하지 않음, 관대. dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권, 소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력, 천사의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권. emigrant: 이주하는, 이민, 이주성의, 이민의. judicious: 현명한, 사려있는, 사려분별이 있는. manifestation: 표명, 명시, 정견 발표. monitorial: 감시의, 경고의.

multitude: 다수, 군중. orderliness: 온화, 질서 정연, 순서바름, 유순, 순서 바름, 규율 바름. self-restraint: 자제, 근신. succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의. transatlantic: 대서양 횡단의, 아메리카의, 대서양 건너의, 미국인, 대서양 저편의. well-appointed: 준비가 다 갖추어진, 장비가 완전한.

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though deriving some inkling of the voyage from the wails which at the first moment had greeted him, yet of the details no clear understanding had been had. The best account would, doubtless, be given by the captain. Yet at first the visitor was loth to ask it, unwilling to provoke some distant rebuff. But plucking up courage, he at last accosted Don Benito, renewing the expression of his benevolent interest, adding, that did he (Captain Delano) but know the particulars of the ship’s misfortunes, he would, perhaps, be better able in the end to relieve them. Would Don Benito favor him with the whole story.% Don Benito faltered; then, like some somnambulist suddenly interfered with, vacantly stared at his visitor, and ended by looking down on the deck. He maintained this posture so long, that Captain Delano, almost equally disconcerted, and involuntarily almost as rude, turned suddenly from him, walking forward to accost one of the Spanish seamen for the desired information. But he had hardly gone five paces, when, with a sort of eagerness, Don Benito invited him back, regretting his momentary absence of mind, and professing readiness to gratify him. While most part of the story was being given, the two captains stood on the after part of the main-deck, a privileged spot, no one being near but the servant. “It is now a hundred and ninety days,” began the Spaniard, in his husky whisper, “that this ship, well officered and well manned, with several cabin passengers—some fifty Spaniards in all—sailed from Buenos Ayres bound to Lima, with a general cargo, hardware, Paraguay tea and the like—and,” pointing forward, “that parcel of negroes, now not more than a hundred and fifty, as you see, but then numbering over three hundred souls. Off Cape Horn we had heavy gales. In one moment, by night, three of my best officers, with fifteen sailors, were lost, with the main-yard; the spar snapping under them in the slings, as they sought, with heavers, to beat down the icy sail. To lighten the hull, the heavier sacks of mata were thrown into the sea, with most of the water-pipes lashed on deck at the time. And this last necessity it was, combined with the prolonged detections afterwards experienced, which eventually brought about our chief causes of suffering. When—”

Korean accost: 인사, 말을 걸다. 말붙임, 말붙임, 말을 걸다, 말을걸다, 거지가 남에게 말을걸다, 가까이 가서 말을 걸다. inkling: 암시, 어렴풋이 알고 있음, 눈치챔, 어렴풋이 알아차리기. lashed: 속눈썹이 있는, 속눈썹이 ...한. lighten: 밝게 하다, 밝아지다, 빛나다, 빛깔을 엷게 하다, 비추다, 번쩍이다, 에게 광명을 주다, 가볍게하다, 환해지다, 경감하다, 의 빛깔을 엷게

하다. loth: 싫은, 싫어하여. manned: 유인의, 사람이 탄, 사람을 태운. particulars: 상세. posture: 상태, 자세, 인 체하다, 자세를 취하다, 형세, 태도, 젠체하다, 신체의 자세, 어떤 자세를 취하다, 어떤 태도를 취하다, 어떤 특정한 자세. rebuff: 거절, 좌절, 퇴짜, 퇴짜 놓다,

저지하다, 박참, 박차다, 거절하다, 퇴박하다. snapping: 딱 소리 내는, 달려들어 무는. somnambulist: 몽유병자. spar: 서로 차다, 원재, 투계, 주먹으로 치고 받다, 연안 경비 여성 예비 대원, 연안 경비, 여성 예비 대원, 상갑판, 말다툼하다, 연안 경비대 여자 예비대원, 철평석 4. vacantly: 멍하니.

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Here there was a sudden fainting attack of his cough, brought on, no doubt, by his mental distress. His servant sustained him, and drawing a cordial from his pocket placed it to his lips. He a little revived. But unwilling to leave him unsupported while yet imperfectly restored, the black with one arm still encircled his master, at the same time keeping his eye fixed on his face, as if to watch for the first sign of complete restoration, or relapse, as the event might prove.% The Spaniard proceeded, but brokenly and obscurely, as one in a dream. —”Oh, my God! rather than pass through what I have, with joy I would have hailed the most terrible gales; but—” His cough returned and with increased violence; this subsiding; with reddened lips and closed eyes he fell heavily against his supporter. “His mind wanders. He was thinking of the plague that followed the gales,” plaintively sighed the servant; “my poor, poor master!” wringing one hand, and with the other wiping the mouth. “But be patient, Señor,” again turning to Captain Delano, “these fits do not last long; master will soon be himself.” Don Benito reviving, went on; but as this portion of the story was very brokenly delivered, the substance only will here be set down. It appeared that after the ship had been many days tossed in storms off the Cape, the scurvy broke out, carrying off numbers of the whites and blacks. When at last they had worked round into the Pacific, their spars and sails were so damaged, and so inadequately handled by the surviving mariners, most of whom were become invalids, that, unable to lay her northerly course by the wind, which was powerful, the unmanageable ship, for successive days and nights, was blown northwestward, where the breeze suddenly deserted her, in unknown waters, to sultry calms. The absence of the water-pipes now proved as fatal to life as before their presence had menaced it. Induced, or at least aggravated, by the more than scanty allowance of water, a malignant fever followed the scurvy; with the excessive heat of the lengthened calm, making such short work of it as to sweep away, as by billows, whole families of the Africans, and a yet larger number, proportionably, of the Spaniards, including, by a

Korean aggravated: 가중 폭행. brokenly: 띄엄띄엄, 더듬거리며, 변칙적으로. cordial: 강심제, 강장제, 코디얼, 원기를 돋구는, 충심으로부터의, 달콤한술, 과일주스에 물을 탄 음료, 강심성의, 성실한, 성심성의의, 주스. fainting: 기절, 실신, 졸도, 졸도하는, 기철의, 의기소침. imperfectly: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불완전하게, 미완성의, 불충분하게.

inadequately: 부적당한, 불충분한. malignant: 유해한, 악성의, 악의를 품은, 적의 있는, 악의 있는. northerly: 북으로 부터의, 북쪽으로북풍, 북쪽에 위치한, 북쪽으로, 북쪽으로 향한, 북풍, 북으로. northwestward: 서북쪽으로, 서북에 있는, 서북쪽, 서북으로의. plague: 역병, 천재, 괴롭히다, 재해, 귀찮은 일, 성가신 사람, 천벌, 말썰-

역병에 걸리게 하다, 역병에 걸리게 하다, 페승, 재화 따위를 당하게 하다. relapse: 재발, 타락, 되돌아감, 퇴보, 병이 도지다, 도짐, 다시 나쁜길에 빠지다, 되돌아가다, 타락하다, 병의 재발, 원상태로 되돌아가다. scanty: 부족한, 모자라는. unmanageable: 다루기 힘든, 제어하기 어려운. unsupported: 받쳐지지 않은, 지지되지 않은.

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luckless fatality, every remaining officer on board. Consequently, in the smart west winds eventually following the calm, the already rent sails, having to be simply dropped, not furled, at need, had been gradually reduced to the beggars’ rags they were now. To procure substitutes for his lost sailors, as well as supplies of water and sails, the captain, at the earliest opportunity, had made for Baldivia, the southernmost civilized port of Chili and South America; but upon nearing the coast the thick weather had prevented him from so much as sighting that harbor. Since which period, almost without a crew, and almost without canvas and almost without water, and, at intervals giving its added dead to the sea, the San Dominick had been battle-dored about by contrary winds, inveigled by currents, or grown weedy in calms. Like a man lost in woods, more than once she had doubled upon her own track.% “But throughout these calamities,” huskily continued Don Benito, painfully turning in the half embrace of his servant, “I have to thank those negroes you see, who, though to your inexperienced eyes appearing unruly, have, indeed, conducted themselves with less of restlessness than even their owner could have thought possible under such circumstances.” Here he again fell faintly back. Again his mind wandered; but he rallied, and less obscurely proceeded. “Yes, their owner was quite right in assuring me that no fetters would be needed with his blacks; so that while, as is wont in this transportation, those negroes have always remained upon deck—not thrust below, as in the Guineamen—they have, also, from the beginning, been freely permitted to range within given bounds at their pleasure.” Once more the faintness returned—his mind roved—but, recovering, he resumed: “But it is Babo here to whom, under God, I owe not only my own preservation, but likewise to him, chiefly, the merit is due, of pacifying his more ignorant brethren, when at intervals tempted to murmurings.” “Ah, master,” sighed the black, bowing his face, “don’t speak of me; Babo is nothing; what Babo has done was but duty.”

Korean bowing: 운궁법, 절을 하는, 활 놀리는 법, 휘는, 보잉. brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제, 같은 신도들. civilized: 교화된, 예의바른, 교양이 높은, 문명화한, 개명한, 품위있는, 예의 바른. contrary: 반대의, 심술궂은, 상반하는 사물, 정반대, 반대로, 거꾸로, 역, 불리한, 거꾸로의, 반대명제, 외고집의.

faintness: 기절, 미약, 실신, 희미한, 희미함, 연약함, 약함, 심약함, 가냘픔, 어렴풋함. fatality: 참사, 숙명, 죽음, 불운, 재난, 치사성, 필연설, 불행, 인연, 운명, 숙명론. huskily: 쉰 목소리로, 허스키로. inexperienced: 경험이 없는 서투름, 미숙, 무경험, 경험이 없는. luckless: 불행한. rags: 누더기.

restlessness: 차분하지 못함. sighting: 관찰, 관찰함, 조준을 맞춤. southernmost: 극남의, 가장 남쪽의, 남단의, 최남의. unruly: 무법한, 제어하기어려운, 휘어 잡을 수 없는. weedy: 잡초 같은, 잡초가 많은, 갸냘픈, 건달인, 마른, 변변치 못한, 잡초 투성이의, 흘쪽한. wont: 습관, 버릇처럼 된, 풍습, 늘...하는, 에 익숙한.

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“Faithful fellow!” cried Captain Delano. “Don Benito, I envy you such a friend; slave I cannot call him.” As master and man stood before him, the black upholding the white, Captain Delano could not but bethink him of the beauty of that relationship which could present such a spectacle of fidelity on the one hand and confidence on the other. The scene was heightened by, the contrast in dress, denoting their relative positions. The Spaniard wore a loose Chili jacket of dark velvet; white smallclothes and stockings, with silver buckles at the knee and instep; a high-crowned sombrero, of fine grass; a slender sword, silver mounted, hung from a knot in his sash—the last being an almost invariable adjunct, more for utility than ornament, of a South American gentleman’s dress to this hour. Excepting when his occasional nervous contortions brought about disarray, there was a certain precision in his attire curiously at variance with the unsightly disorder around; especially in the belittered Ghetto, forward of the main-mast, wholly occupied by the blacks.% The servant wore nothing but wide trowsers, apparently, from their coarseness and patches, made out of some old topsail; they were clean, and confined at the waist by a bit of unstranded rope, which, with his composed, deprecatory air at times, made him look something like a begging friar of St. Francis. However unsuitable for the time and place, at least in the blunt-thinking American’s eyes, and however strangely surviving in the midst of all his afflictions, the toilette of Don Benito might not, in fashion at least, have gone beyond the style of the day among South Americans of his class. Though on the present voyage sailing from Buenos Ayres, he had avowed himself a native and resident of Chili, whose inhabitants had not so generally adopted the plain coat and once plebeian pantaloons; but, with a becoming modification, adhered to their provincial costume, picturesque as any in the world. Still, relatively to the pale history of the voyage, and his own pale face, there seemed something so incongruous in the Spaniard’s apparel, as almost to suggest the image of an invalid courtier tottering about London streets in the time of the plague.

Korean adjunct: 부가물, 부가사, 부가어, 부가어구, 부속물. apparel: 의복, 차리다, 꾸미다, 의상, 제복의장식수-입히다, 입히다, 기성복, 제복, 장식. attire: 옷차림새, 복장, 의복. avowed: 공공연한, 공언한, 자인한, 스스로 인정한, 공언된, 인정된, 언명한, 스스로인정한. bethink: 숙고하다, 생각하다, 생각해내다, 곰곰이 생각하다,

생각나다, 생각해 내다. coarseness: 조잡, 야비, 거침, 열등, 조잡함, 추잡, 결의 거침. courtier: 알랑쇠, 조신, 아첨꾼, 정신. deprecatory: 반대의, 변명적인, 변명하는, 불찬성의, 비난의, 사과하는. excepting: 말고는, 을 제외하면, 을 빼고, -을 빼고, 을 제외하고. incongruous: 조화되지 않는, 부조리한, 어울리지 않은, 동닿지

않은, 모순된, 부적당한. instep: 발등, 구두의 발등 부분, 구두의등, 구두의 등, 양말의 등. plebeian: 비속한, 평민의, 평민, 평민평민의. sombrero: 챙넓은 중절모, 솜브레로. toilette: 화장, 의상, 몸단장, 일습, 옷, 화장실, 화장 도구, 세척, 옷매무새. topsail: 윗돛대의 돛, 중간 돛. unsightly: 보기 거북한, 꼴사나운, 보기 흉한.

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The portion of the narrative which, perhaps, most excited interest, as well as some surprise, considering the latitudes in question, was the long calms spoken of, and more particularly the ship’s so long drifting about. Without communicating the opinion, of course, the American could not but impute at least part of the detentions both to clumsy seamanship and faulty navigation. Eying Don Benito’s small, yellow hands, he easily inferred that the young captain had not got into command at the hawse-hole, but the cabin-window; and if so, why wonder at incompetence, in youth, sickness, and gentility united? But drowning criticism in compassion, after a fresh repetition of his sympathies, Captain Delano, having heard out his story, not only engaged, as in the first place, to see Don Benito and his people supplied in their immediate bodily needs, but, also, now farther promised to assist him in procuring a large permanent supply of water, as well as some sails and rigging; and, though it would involve no small embarrassment to himself, yet he would spare three of his best seamen for temporary deck officers; so that without delay the ship might proceed to Conception, there fully to refit for Lima, her destined port.% Such generosity was not without its effect, even upon the invalid. His face lighted up; eager and hectic, he met the honest glance of his visitor. With gratitude he seemed overcome. “This excitement is bad for master,” whispered the servant, taking his arm, and with soothing words gently drawing him aside. When Don Benito returned, the American was pained to observe that his hopefulness, like the sudden kindling in his cheek, was but febrile and transient. Ere long, with a joyless mien, looking up towards the poop, the host invited his guest to accompany him there, for the benefit of what little breath of wind might be stirring. As, during the telling of the story, Captain Delano had once or twice started at the occasional cymballing of the hatchet-polishers, wondering why such an interruption should be allowed, especially in that part of the ship, and in the ears of an invalid; and moreover, as the hatchets had anything but an attractive look,

Korean drowning: 물에 빠져 있는, 이해할 수 없는, 혼란한. febrile: 열병의, 발열의. gentility: 예절바름, 품위, 지체 높음, 점잔 빼기, 상류 계급, 얌전뺌, 문벌이 좋음. hopefulness: 희망에 차 있는 것. impute: 의 탓으로 하다, 전가하다, 에게 돌리다, 씌우다, 의 탓이라고 하다, 돌리다. incompetence: 무능력, 무자격,

무능력의, 부적격, 무능한. interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음, 중절, 불통. joyless: 쓸쓸한, 기쁨이 없는, 즐겁지 않은. kindling: 불쏘기개, 불쏘시개, 점화. lighted: 불이 켜진. mien: 풍채, 태도. refit: 수리하다, 수리, 수리되다, 개장, 재장비되다, 개장되다, 수리를 받다, 특히 배의 수리, 선박 따위를

개장하다, 재장비하다, 개장하다. rigging: 삭구, 장비, 옷, 의장, 의복, 의류. seamanship: 항해기술, 수병, 뱃사람, 선박 조종술. soothing: 누그러뜨리는, 달래는 듯한, 달래는. transient: 덧없는, 일시적인, 단기 체류의, 단기 체류객, 과도 현상, 일시적인 사람, 일시적인 사물, 잠깐 머무르는, 외부에 작용하는.

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and the handlers of them still less so, it was, therefore, to tell the truth, not without some lurking reluctance, or even shrinking, it may be, that Captain Delano, with apparent complaisance, acquiesced in his host’s invitation. The more so, since, with an untimely caprice of punctilio, rendered distressing by his cadaverous aspect, Don Benito, with Castilian bows, solemnly insisted upon his guest’s preceding him up the ladder leading to the elevation; where, one on each side of the last step, sat for armorial supporters and sentries two of the ominous file. Gingerly enough stepped good Captain Delano between them, and in the instant of leaving them behind, like one running the gauntlet, he felt an apprehensive twitch in the calves of his legs.% But when, facing about, he saw the whole file, like so many organ-grinders, still stupidly intent on their work, unmindful of everything beside, he could not but smile at his late fidgety panic. Presently, while standing with his host, looking forward upon the decks below, he was struck by one of those instances of insubordination previously alluded to. Three black boys, with two Spanish boys, were sitting together on the hatches, scraping a rude wooden platter, in which some scanty mess had recently been cooked. Suddenly, one of the black boys, enraged at a word dropped by one of his white companions, seized a knife, and, though called to forbear by one of the oakum-pickers, struck the lad over the head, inflicting a gash from which blood flowed. In amazement, Captain Delano inquired what this meant. To which the pale Don Benito dully muttered, that it was merely the sport of the lad. “Pretty serious sport, truly,” rejoined Captain Delano. “Had such a thing happened on board the Bachelor’s Delight, instant punishment would have followed.” At these words the Spaniard turned upon the American one of his sudden, staring, half-lunatic looks; then, relapsing into his torpor, answered, “Doubtless, doubtless, Señor.” Is it, thought Captain Delano, that this hapless man is one of those paper captains I’ve known, who by policy wink at what by power they cannot put

Korean armorial: 문장의, 문장서. caprice: 변덕, 공상적 작품, 뜻밖의 급변, 제멋대로의 행동, 카프리치오. complaisance: 공손, 정중, 친절, 유순함, 상냥함, 은근함, 정중함. fidgety: 안절부절 못하는, 안달하는, 까다로운, 불안한, 조바심하는. forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 조상, 억제하다. gash: 깊이 갈라진 틈, 깊은 상처, 입, 찌꺼기, 여분의, 깊은 상처를 입히다,

깔끔한, 빈틈없는, 쓰레기, 에 깊은 상처를 입히다, 재치있는. gauntlet: 긴 장갑, 태형, 혹평을 받다, 손가리개, 곤틀릿 궤도, 목이 긴 장갑. insubordination: 복종하지 않는, 순종치 않음, 반항반항행위, 반항적인, 불순종. platter: 음반, 레코드, 타원형의 얕은 큰 접시, 본루. punctilio: 자상한 점, 형식 차림, 수속 따위의 미세한 점, 의식 따위의

미세한 점, 절차 따위의 미세한 점, 미세한 점. stupidly: 어리석게도, 마취되어. torpor: 활동정지, 마비, 지둔, 무기력. unmindful: 마음에 두지않는, 무관심한, 부주의한, 염두에 없는, 염두에 두지 않는. untimely: 때 아닌, 철 아닌, 때아닌 때에, 계제가 나쁘게, 계제가 나쁜, 때에 맞지 않게, 시기 상조의, 계제 나쁜.

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down? I know no sadder sight than a commander who has little of command but the name.% “I should think, Don Benito,” he now said, glancing towards the oakumpicker who had sought to interfere with the boys, “that you would find it advantageous to keep all your blacks employed, especially the younger ones, no matter at what useless task, and no matter what happens to the ship. Why, even with my little band, I find such a course indispensable. I once kept a crew on my quarter-deck thrumming mats for my cabin, when, for three days, I had given up my ship—mats, men, and all—for a speedy loss, owing to the violence of a gale, in which we could do nothing but helplessly drive before it.” “Doubtless, doubtless,” muttered Don Benito. “But,” continued Captain Delano, again glancing upon the oakum-pickers and then at the hatchet-polishers, near by, “I see you keep some, at least, of your host employed.” “Yes,” was again the vacant response. “Those old men there, shaking their pows from their pulpits,” continued Captain Delano, pointing to the oakum-pickers, “seem to act the part of old dominies to the rest, little heeded as their admonitions are at times. Is this voluntary on their part, Don Benito, or have you appointed them shepherds to your flock of black sheep?” “What posts they fill, I appointed them,” rejoined the Spaniard, in an acrid tone, as if resenting some supposed satiric reflection. “And these others, these Ashantee conjurors here,” continued Captain Delano, rather uneasily eying the brandished steel of the hatchet-polishers, where, in spots, it had been brought to a shine, “this seems a curious business they are at, Don Benito?” “In the gales we met,” answered the Spaniard, “what of our general cargo was not thrown overboard was much damaged by the brine. Since coming into calm weather, I have had several cases of knives and hatchets daily brought up for overhauling and cleaning.”

Korean acrid: 매운, 신랄한, 쓴, 짓궂은, 톡 쏘는 스미는, 가흑한, 에이커되는, 토지의. advantageous: 유리한, 형편이 좋은. brine: 소금물, 바닷물, 소금물에 절이다. cargo: 뱃짐, 선하, 적하, 화물. flock: 신도, 모이다, 무리짓다, 무리, 군중, 떼지어 오다, 떼, 털 부스러기를 채우다, 털솜부스러기, 한뭉치의 양털, 털뭉치.

gale: 강풍, 큰바람, 흥분 상태, 환희, 폭소, 실바람, 버드소귀나무의 일종, 폭풍, 정기 지불금, 미풍, 광희. helplessly: 의지할 데 없이, 어쩔 도리없이, 어찌할 수 없이, 의지할 데 없는, 힘없이. knives: 나이프, 칼. overboard: 배 밖으로. satiric: 풍자하다, 풍자시, 풍자, 빗대다, 비꼼, 비꼬는. shine: 햇빛, 빛나다, 장난, 닦다,

비치다, 빼어나다, 좋아함, 윤기, 애착, 퍼렇게 멍든 눈, 일광. speedy: 즉시의, 민속한, 재빠른, 조속한, 빠른. uneasily: 걱정하여, 불쾌하게, 불안 속에, 불안속에. useless: 쓸모없는, 무익한, 속절없는, 편치 않은. vacant: 빈, 멍한, 한가한, 비어 있는, 공허한, 결원의, 사람이 안 사는, 허탈한, 빈자리 지위의, 빈자리의.

74

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“A prudent idea, Don Benito. You are part owner of ship and cargo, I presume; but none of the slaves, perhaps?” “I am owner of all you see,” impatiently returned Don Benito, “except the main company of blacks, who belonged to my late friend, Alexandro Aranda.” As he mentioned this name, his air was heart-broken; his knees shook; his servant supported him.% Thinking he divined the cause of such unusual emotion, to confirm his surmise, Captain Delano, after a pause, said: “And may I ask, Don Benito, whether—since awhile ago you spoke of some cabin passengers—the friend, whose loss so afflicts you, at the outset of the voyage accompanied his blacks?” “Yes.” “But died of the fever?” “Died of the fever. Oh, could I but—” Again quivering, the Spaniard paused. “Pardon me,” said Captain Delano, lowly, “but I think that, by a sympathetic experience, I conjecture, Don Benito, what it is that gives the keener edge to your grief. It was once my hard fortune to lose, at sea, a dear friend, my own brother, then supercargo. Assured of the welfare of his spirit, its departure I could have borne like a man; but that honest eye, that honest hand—both of which had so often met mine—and that warm heart; all, all—like scraps to the dogs—to throw all to the sharks! It was then I vowed never to have for fellowvoyager a man I loved, unless, unbeknown to him, I had provided every requisite, in case of a fatality, for embalming his mortal part for interment on shore. Were your friend’s remains now on board this ship, Don Benito, not thus strangely would the mention of his name affect you.” “On board this ship?” echoed the Spaniard. Then, with horrified gestures, as directed against some spectre, he unconsciously fell into the ready arms of his attendant, who, with a silent appeal toward Captain Delano, seemed beseeching him not again to broach a theme so unspeakably distressing to his master.

Korean attendant: 시중드는, 수행의, 수행원, 수반물, 부수의, 출석자, 곁에 따르는 사람, 출석의, 출석의-곁에 따르는 사람, 따라다니는, 시중드는 사람. beseeching: 간청하는, 간절히 원하는, 탄원하는, 청하는, 간청하는 듯한, 애원하는 듯한. broach: 꼬챙이, 꺼내다, 꼬치, 공표하다, 송곳, 입을 열다, 꼬챙이에 꾀다, 고기 굽는 꼬챙이, 교회의첨탑, 말을 처음 꺼내다, 첨탑.

conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고 말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측, 판독, 판독하다. distressing: 비참한, 괴롭히는, 괴로움을 주는. keener: 곡꾼. lowly: 비천한, 천하게, 신분이 낮은, 초라한, 겸소한. mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, 불치의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것,

사람, 가능한-죽어야 할 것. outset: 착수, 최초, 시초. requisite: 필요한, 요건, 필수품, 필요조건, 필요물, 요소, 없어서는 안될, 필수의. spectre: 유령, 요괴, 무서운 것. supercargo: 화물관리인, 화물 관리인. unbeknown: 미지의, 알려지지 않은. unconsciously: 모르게, 무의식적으로, 부지중에. unspeakably: 말할 수 없이.

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This poor fellow now, thought the pained American, is the victim of that sad superstition which associates goblins with the deserted body of man, as ghosts with an abandoned house. How unlike are we made! What to me, in like case, would have been a solemn satisfaction, the bare suggestion, even, terrifies the Spaniard into this trance. Poor Alexandro Aranda! what would you say could you here see your friend—who, on former voyages, when you, for months, were left behind, has, I dare say, often longed, and longed, for one peep at you—now transported with terror at the least thought of having you anyway nigh him.% At this moment, with a dreary grave-yard toll, betokening a flaw, the ship’s forecastle bell, smote by one of the grizzled oakum-pickers, proclaimed ten o’clock, through the leaden calm; when Captain Delano’s attention was caught by the moving figure of a gigantic black, emerging from the general crowd below, and slowly advancing towards the elevated poop. An iron collar was about his neck, from which depended a chain, thrice wound round his body; the terminating links padlocked together at a broad band of iron, his girdle. “How like a mute Atufal moves,” murmured the servant. The black mounted the steps of the poop, and, like a brave prisoner, brought up to receive sentence, stood in unquailing muteness before Don Benito, now recovered from his attack. At the first glimpse of his approach, Don Benito had started, a resentful shadow swept over his face; and, as with the sudden memory of bootless rage, his white lips glued together. This is some mulish mutineer, thought Captain Delano, surveying, not without a mixture of admiration, the colossal form of the negro. “See, he waits your question, master,” said the servant. Thus reminded, Don Benito, nervously averting his glance, as if shunning, by anticipation, some rebellious response, in a disconcerted voice, thus spoke:— “Atufal, will you ask my pardon, now?” The black was silent.

Korean bootless: 무익한. colossal: 거대한, 훌륭한, 터무니없는, 어마어마한, 놀랄만한, 굉장한. dreary: 울적한, 쓸쓸한, 지루한, 처량한, 음울한, 황량한. flaw: 돌풍, 금, 결점, 흠, 흠집을 내다, 한차례의 폭풍, 금가다, 질풍, 잠시 동안의 폭풍우. girdle: 거들, 두르는것, 둘러싸다, 의 나무껍질을 고리모양으로 벗기다, 띠, 띠로 조르다, 일주하다, 황도대.

glued: 달라붙어 떨어지지 않고, 집중하여. leaden: 답답한, 납의, 납으로 만든, 무딘, 납빛의, 나른한, 뻐근한, 무기력한, 활발치 못한, 무가치한. mutineer: 폭도, 반항자, 상관에 대한 저항자, 저항자, 폭동자. rebellious: 반항적인, 다루기 힘든, 반항하는, 반역심이 있는, 반란하는, 모반의, 힘에 부치는, 다루기 어려운, 낫기 힘든, 난치의, 모반하는.

recovered: 회복한, 병 등에서 회복한. resentful: 분개한, 성마른, 골을 잘 내는, 성 잘내는, 분개하고 있는, 원망하고 있는. superstition: 미신, 사교. surveying: 측량, 측량술. thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고. trance: 꿈결, 비몽 사몽, 황홀상태, 실신, 황홀, 황홀하게 만들다. unquailing: 불굴의, 두려워하지 않는, 기가 꺾이지 않는.

76

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“Again, master,” murmured the servant, with bitter upbraiding eyeing his countryman, “Again, master; he will bend to master yet.” “Answer,” said Don Benito, still averting his glance, “say but the one word, pardon, and your chains shall be off.” Upon this, the black, slowly raising both arms, let them lifelessly fall, his links clanking, his head bowed; as much as to say, “no, I am content.” “Go,” said Don Benito, with inkept and unknown emotion.% Deliberately as he had come, the black obeyed. “Excuse me, Don Benito,” said Captain Delano, “but this scene surprises me; what means it, pray?” “It means that that negro alone, of all the band, has given me peculiar cause of offense. I have put him in chains; I—” Here he paused; his hand to his head, as if there were a swimming there, or a sudden bewilderment of memory had come over him; but meeting his servant’s kindly glance seemed reassured, and proceeded:— “I could not scourge such a form. But I told him he must ask my pardon. As yet he has not. At my command, every two hours he stands before me.” “And how long has this been?” “Some sixty days.” “And obedient in all else? And respectful?” “Yes.” “Upon my conscience, then,” exclaimed Captain Delano, impulsively, “he has a royal spirit in him, this fellow.” “He may have some right to it,” bitterly returned Don Benito, “he says he was king in his own land.” “Yes,” said the servant, entering a word, “those slits in Atufal’s ears once held wedges of gold; but poor Babo here, in his own land, was only a poor slave; a black man’s slave was Babo, who now is the white’s.”

Korean bend: 구부리다, 굴복시키다, 굽히다, 굴곡, 주시하다-굽다, 결삭, 경향, 힘을 쏟다-굽이, 당기다, 기울이다, 굴복하다. bewilderment: 당황. bitterly: 쓰게, 격심하게, 비참하게, 몹시, 살을 에듯이, 통렬히. bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한. countryman: 동향인, 촌사람, 지방의 주민, 같은 나라 사람, 시골사람,

동포. impulsively: 감정에 흐른, 충동적인, 추진적인, 충동적으로. kindly: 친절한, 쾌히, 기꺼이, 상냥하게, 상냥한, 온하한, 쾌히 받아들이다, 친절히, 기후 따위가 온화한, 온화한, 자연히. obedient: 순종하는, 유순한, 고분고분한. offense: 반칙, 죄, 위반. scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다,

매질하다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매, 징벌하다, 채찍질하다. slave: 노예, 뼈빠지게 일하다, 노예의, 노예처럼 시키다, 노예처럼 일하는 사람, 노예처럼 일하다, 노예개미, 종속 장치로서 작동시키다, 노예같이 일하는 사람, 사로빠진 사람, 종속 장치. sudden: 돌연한, 갑작스런, 돌연. upbraiding: 비판, 비난, 비난하는, 나무라는, 비난하는 질책.

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Somewhat annoyed by these conversational familiarities, Captain Delano turned curiously upon the attendant, then glanced inquiringly at his master; but, as if long wonted to these little informalities, neither master nor man seemed to understand him.% “What, pray, was Atufal’s offense, Don Benito?” asked Captain Delano; “if it was not something very serious, take a fool’s advice, and, in view of his general docility, as well as in some natural respect for his spirit, remit him his penalty.” “No, no, master never will do that,” here murmured the servant to himself, “proud Atufal must first ask master’s pardon. The slave there carries the padlock, but master here carries the key.” His attention thus directed, Captain Delano now noticed for the first, that, suspended by a slender silken cord, from Don Benito’s neck, hung a key. At once, from the servant’s muttered syllables, divining the key’s purpose, he smiled, and said:—”So, Don Benito—padlock and key—significant symbols, truly.” Biting his lip, Don Benito faltered. Though the remark of Captain Delano, a man of such native simplicity as to be incapable of satire or irony, had been dropped in playful allusion to the Spaniard’s singularly evidenced lordship over the black; yet the hypochondriac seemed some way to have taken it as a malicious reflection upon his confessed inability thus far to break down, at least, on a verbal summons, the entrenched will of the slave. Deploring this supposed misconception, yet despairing of correcting it, Captain Delano shifted the subject; but finding his companion more than ever withdrawn, as if still sourly digesting the lees of the presumed affront above-mentioned, by-and-by Captain Delano likewise became less talkative, oppressed, against his own will, by what seemed the secret vindictiveness of the morbidly sensitive Spaniard. But the good sailor, himself of a quite contrary disposition, refrained, on his part, alike from the appearance as from the feeling of resentment, and if silent, was only so from contagion. Presently the Spaniard, assisted by his servant somewhat discourteously crossed over from his guest; a procedure which, sensibly enough, might have been allowed to pass for idle caprice of ill-humor, had not master and man,

Korean above-mentioned: 위에 말한, 이미 언급한. allusion: 암시, 변죽 울림, 약간의 언급, 인유. annoyed: 괴로운. contagion: 전염병, 전염력, 감염, 감화력, 나쁜 감화, 접촉전염, 폐풍, 접촉 전염. discourteously: 버릇없게, 무례하게, 실례되게. divining: 점.

docility: 온순, 유순, 다루기 쉬움. entrenched: 자기 몸을 지키는, 참호로 에워싸는, 참호를 파는. inquiringly: 알고 싶은 듯이, 의심쩍은 듯이. lees: 지게미, 술찌꺼기, 재강, 술 따위의 재강, 포도주 따위의 재강. misconception: 오인, 잘못된 생각. morbidly: 병적으로, 불건전하게. padlock: 맹꽁이 자물쇠, 맹꽁이 자물쇠로 잠그다.

playful: 놀기 좋아하는, 농담의. satire: 풍자, 비꼼, 풍자시, 풍자하다, 빗대다, 빈정댐. silken: 비단의, 사치스러운, 반드러운, 비단 같은, 비단옷을 입은, 부드러운, 비단 옷을 입은, 입에 감치는, 견모가 밀생한, 명주 같은, 명주의. sourly: 불쾌하게, 심술궂게, 음침하게, 시큼하게, 시게, 까다롭게. talkative: 말 많은, 이야기하기 좋아하는.

78

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lingering round the corner of the elevated skylight, began whispering together in low voices. This was unpleasing. And more; the moody air of the Spaniard, which at times had not been without a sort of valetudinarian stateliness, now seemed anything but dignified; while the menial familiarity of the servant lost its original charm of simple-hearted attachment.% In his embarrassment, the visitor turned his face to the other side of the ship. By so doing, his glance accidentally fell on a young Spanish sailor, a coil of rope in his hand, just stepped from the deck to the first round of the mizzen-rigging. Perhaps the man would not have been particularly noticed, were it not that, during his ascent to one of the yards, he, with a sort of covert intentness, kept his eye fixed on Captain Delano, from whom, presently, it passed, as if by a natural sequence, to the two whisperers. His own attention thus redirected to that quarter, Captain Delano gave a slight start. From something in Don Benito’s manner just then, it seemed as if the visitor had, at least partly, been the subject of the withdrawn consultation going on—a conjecture as little agreeable to the guest as it was little flattering to the host. The singular alternations of courtesy and ill-breeding in the Spanish captain were unaccountable, except on one of two suppositions—innocent lunacy, or wicked imposture. But the first idea, though it might naturally have occurred to an indifferent observer, and, in some respect, had not hitherto been wholly a stranger to Captain Delano’s mind, yet, now that, in an incipient way, he began to regard the stranger’s conduct something in the light of an intentional affront, of course the idea of lunacy was virtually vacated. But if not a lunatic, what then? Under the circumstances, would a gentleman, nay, any honest boor, act the part now acted by his host? The man was an impostor. Some low-born adventurer, masquerading as an oceanic grandee; yet so ignorant of the first requisites of mere gentlemanhood as to be betrayed into the present remarkable indecorum. That strange ceremoniousness, too, at other times evinced, seemed not uncharacteristic of one playing a part above his real level. Benito Cereno—Don

Korean adventurer: 모험가, 투기꾼, 모험가 누기가, 엉큼한 수단으로 지위나 돈을 노리는 사나이. boor: 농사꾼, 시골뜨기, 우락부락한 사나이, 촌뜨기. flattering: 아첨하는, 유망한, 실물보다 좋게 보이는, 알랑거리는, 빌붙는, 비위 맞추는, 기쁘게 하는, 발림말하는. grandee: 대공, 고관, 귀인. hitherto: 지금까지는, 지금까지.

ill-breeding: 버릇없음, 본데없음. impostor: 사기꾼, 남의 이름을 사칭하는 자, 사칭자. imposture: 사기, 협잡, 사기행위. indecorum: 무례, 버릇없는행동, 버릇없음. intentional: 계획적인, 고의의. intentness: 집중, 전념. lingering: 머뭇거리는, 오래끄는, 못내 아쉬운, 미련이 있는, 오래 끄는, 주저하는.

lunacy: 어리석은 짓, 미친증세, 정신이상, 정신 이상. lunatic: 미친, 정신 이상의, 미친사람, 미치광이. simple-hearted: 순진한. stateliness: 위엄, 위엄있음, 장중, 당당함, 장엄함. valetudinarian: 병약한, 건강에 신경을 쓰는, 병약자, 건강을 지나치게 염려하는. whispering: 속삭임, 속삭이는.

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Benito Cereno—a sounding name. One, too, at that period, not unknown, in the surname, to super-cargoes and sea captains trading along the Spanish Main, as belonging to one of the most enterprising and extensive mercantile families in all those provinces; several members of it having titles; a sort of Castilian Rothschild, with a noble brother, or cousin, in every great trading town of South America. The alleged Don Benito was in early manhood, about twenty-nine or thirty. To assume a sort of roving cadetship in the maritime affairs of such a house, what more likely scheme for a young knave of talent and spirit? But the Spaniard was a pale invalid. Never mind. For even to the degree of simulating mortal disease, the craft of some tricksters had been known to attain. To think that, under the aspect of infantile weakness, the most savage energies might be couched—those velvets of the Spaniard but the silky paw to his fangs.% From no train of thought did these fancies come; not from within, but from without; suddenly, too, and in one throng, like hoar frost; yet as soon to vanish as the mild sun of Captain Delano’s good-nature regained its meridian. Glancing over once more towards his host—whose side-face, revealed above the skylight, was now turned towards him—he was struck by the profile, whose clearness of cut was refined by the thinness, incident to ill-health, as well as ennobled about the chin by the beard. Away with suspicion. He was a true offshoot of a true hidalgo Cereno. Relieved by these and other better thoughts, the visitor, lightly humming a tune, now began indifferently pacing the poop, so as not to betray to Don Benito that he had at all mistrusted incivility, much less duplicity; for such mistrust would yet be proved illusory, and by the event; though, for the present, the circumstance which had provoked that distrust remained unexplained. But when that little mystery should have been cleared up, Captain Delano thought he might extremely regret it, did he allow Don Benito to become aware that he had indulged in ungenerous surmises. In short, to the Spaniard’s black-letter text, it was best, for awhile, to leave open margin. Presently, his pale face twitching and overcast, the Spaniard, still supported by his attendant, moved over towards his guest, when, with even more than his

Korean clearness: 밝기, 명료도, 방해물이 없음, 밝음, 명석, 맑음, 투명, 아무렴 그렇고말고, 확실히, 분명함. duplicity: 이심, 표리부동, 불성실, 이중성, 이랬다 저랬다 두 말을 함. enterprising: 기업심이왕성한, 모험적인, 기업적인, 진취적인. hidalgo: 스페인의 하급 귀족. hoar: 흰, 회색의, 흰서리, 백발의, 흰백색, 회백색, 흰 서리, 하얗게 된. incivility: 무례, 버릇없음.

infantile: 유아의, 유치한, 초보의, 어린아이 같은, 초기의, 천진난만한, 유아같은, 소아의, 유아기의, 유아 같은, 어린이 같은. knave: 잭, 하인, 약한, 신분이 낮은 사내, 무뢰한, 악한, 남자아이. manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임, 성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격, 인성, 성인, 성인 남자. mistrust: 신용하지 않다, 의심하다, 추측하다, 불신, 불신용.

overcast: 흐린, 흐려지다, 어두워지다, 어두운, 음침한, 어둡게 하다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐린 날씨, 구름으로 뒤덮다, 감치다, 하늘이 흐린. roving: 이동하는, 방랑하는, 헤매는, 연방, 먼과녁쏘기, ㅏ랑, 조방사, 산만한. surname: 별명, 성, 수리남. thinness: 희박, 가느다람, 엷음, 빈약. ungenerous: 도량이 좁은, 관대치 못한.

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usual%embarrassment, and a strange sort of intriguing intonation in his husky whisper, the following conversation began:— “Señor, may I ask how long you have lain at this isle?” “Oh, but a day or two, Don Benito.” “And from what port are you last?” “Canton.” “And there, Señor, you exchanged your sealskins for teas and silks, I think you said?” “Yes, Silks, mostly.” “And the balance you took in specie, perhaps?” Captain Delano, fidgeting a little, answered— “Yes; some silver; not a very great deal, though.” “Ah—well. May I ask how many men have you, Señor?” Captain Delano slightly started, but answered— “About five-and-twenty, all told.” “And at present, Señor, all on board, I suppose?” “All on board, Don Benito,” replied the Captain, now with satisfaction. “And will be to-night, Señor?” At this last question, following so many pertinacious ones, for the soul of him Captain Delano could not but look very earnestly at the questioner, who, instead of meeting the glance, with every token of craven discomposure dropped his eyes to the deck; presenting an unworthy contrast to his servant, who, just then, was kneeling at his feet, adjusting a loose shoe-buckle; his disengaged face meantime, with humble curiosity, turned openly up into his master’s downcast one. The Spaniard, still with a guilty shuffle, repeated his question: “And—and will be to-night, Señor?”

Korean adjusting: 조절하는. craven: 겁많은, 패배한, 비겁한, 겁나게하다, 겁쟁이, 기세를 꺾다, 비겁한 사람. discomposure: 불안, 낭패, 당황, 마음의 동요. disengaged: 약속이 없는, 한가한, 자유로운, 풀린, 예약이 없는. downcast: 풀이죽은, 파멸, 풀죽은 모습, 눈을 내리뜬, 풀죽은모습, 눈을내리뜬, 고개를숙인, 고개를

숙인, 내리뜬. earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로, 진심으로, 열심히. intonation: 영창, 인토네이션, 억양, 인토내이션, 음의 정조법, 읊음, 옳음, 첫악구, 소리의 억약, 어조, 음창. intriguing: 흥미를 자아내는, 음모를 꾸미는, 호기심을 자극하는, 호기심을 돋우는, 흥미를 돋우는. kneeling: 무릎을 꿇는. pertinacious: 끈질긴, 완고한, 집요한,

끈기 있는, 불굴의, 사람 따위 불굴의, 행동 따위 불굴의, 의견 따위 불굴의. questioner: 질문자, 심문자. shuffle: 속이다, 뒤섞다, 섞어서 떼다, 벗다, 이리저리 움직이다, 발을 질질 끌다, 발을 질질 끄는 걸음, 발끌기, 움직이다, 뒤섞음, 걸치다. specie: 정금, 정화. unworthy: 의 가치 없는, 가치없는, 부끄러운, 비열한, 가치 없는, 변변치 못한 사람, 알맞지 않은.

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“Yes, for aught I know,” returned Captain Delano—”but nay,” rallying himself into fearless truth, “some of them talked of going off on another fishing party about midnight.” “Your ships generally go—go more or less armed, I believe, Señor?” “Oh, a six-pounder or two, in case of emergency,” was the intrepidly indifferent reply, “with a small stock of muskets, sealing-spears, and cutlasses, you know.” As he thus responded, Captain Delano again glanced at Don Benito, but the latter’s eyes were averted; while abruptly and awkwardly shifting the subject, he made some peevish allusion to the calm, and then, without apology, once more, with his attendant, withdrew to the opposite bulwarks, where the whispering was resumed.% At this moment, and ere Captain Delano could cast a cool thought upon what had just passed, the young Spanish sailor, before mentioned, was seen descending from the rigging. In act of stooping over to spring inboard to the deck, his voluminous, unconfined frock, or shirt, of coarse woolen, much spotted with tar, opened out far down the chest, revealing a soiled under garment of what seemed the finest linen, edged, about the neck, with a narrow blue ribbon, sadly faded and worn. At this moment the young sailor’s eye was again fixed on the whisperers, and Captain Delano thought he observed a lurking significance in it, as if silent signs, of some Freemason sort, had that instant been interchanged. This once more impelled his own glance in the direction of Don Benito, and, as before, he could not but infer that himself formed the subject of the conference. He paused. The sound of the hatchet-polishing fell on his ears. He cast another swift side-look at the two. They had the air of conspirators. In connection with the late questionings, and the incident of the young sailor, these things now begat such return of involuntary suspicion, that the singular guilelessness of the American could not endure it. Plucking up a gay and humorous expression, he crossed over to the two rapidly, saying:—”Ha, Don Benito, your black here seems high in your trust; a sort of privy-counselor, in fact.”

Korean awkwardly: 어색하게, 꼴사납게, 서투르게, 이상하게. descending: 내려가는, 강하하는, 하향의. edged: 날이 있는, 통렬한, 거나하게 취한, 가장자리가 있는. fearless: 무서워하지 않는, 겁 없는, 무서워하지 않은, 두려움을 모르는, 대담무쌍한, 대담 무쌍한. frock: 작업복, 부인복, 성직자의 옷, 프록을 입히다, 성직에 취임시키다,

성직자복, 드레스, 프록코트. inboard: 안으로 향한, 엔진이 배안에 있는, 선내의, 선내 모니터, 배안의, 기내의, 비행기의 동체에 가까운쪽의, 배 안의, 배 안에. infer: 추론하다, 의미하다, 암시하다, 추단하다, 추측하다. intrepidly: 용맹스럽게, 대담하게. involuntary: 본의아닌, 불수의의, 무의식적인, 불수의, 의사에 반한, 부지불식간의, 마음내키지

않는무의식 중의, 무의식 중의. lurking: 숨어있는. peevish: 성마른, 부루퉁한, 짜증이 난, 투정부리는. voluminous: 부피가 큰, 다작의, 권수가 많은, 풍부한, 큰 부수의, 큰 책의, 저서가 많은, 책수가 많은, 성량이 풍부한, 넉넉한, 음량이 풍부한. woolen: 나사, 모직의 옷, 모직물, 양털의.

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Upon this, the servant looked up with a good-natured grin, but the master started as from a venomous bite. It was a moment or two before the Spaniard sufficiently recovered himself to reply; which he did, at last, with cold constraint:—”Yes, Señor, I have trust in Babo.” Here Babo, changing his previous grin of mere animal humor into an intelligent smile, not ungratefully eyed his master.% Finding that the Spaniard now stood silent and reserved, as if involuntarily, or purposely giving hint that his guest’s proximity was inconvenient just then, Captain Delano, unwilling to appear uncivil even to incivility itself, made some trivial remark and moved off; again and again turning over in his mind the mysterious demeanor of Don Benito Cereno. He had descended from the poop, and, wrapped in thought, was passing near a dark hatchway, leading down into the steerage, when, perceiving motion there, he looked to see what moved. The same instant there was a sparkle in the shadowy hatchway, and he saw one of the Spanish sailors, prowling there hurriedly placing his hand in the bosom of his frock, as if hiding something. Before the man could have been certain who it was that was passing, he slunk below out of sight. But enough was seen of him to make it sure that he was the same young sailor before noticed in the rigging. What was that which so sparkled? thought Captain Delano. It was no lamp— no match—no live coal. Could it have been a jewel? But how come sailors with jewels?—or with silk-trimmed under-shirts either? Has he been robbing the trunks of the dead cabin-passengers? But if so, he would hardly wear one of the stolen articles on board ship here. Ah, ah—if, now, that was, indeed, a secret sign I saw passing between this suspicious fellow and his captain awhile since; if I could only be certain that, in my uneasiness, my senses did not deceive me, then— Here, passing from one suspicious thing to another, his mind revolved the strange questions put to him concerning his ship. By a curious coincidence, as each point was recalled, the black wizards of Ashantee would strike up with their hatchets, as in ominous comment on the

Korean bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부, 흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면. deceive: 속이다, 미혹시키다, 사기하다. descended: 유래한, 전해진. eyed: 눈구멍이 달린, 눈 모양의 얼룩이 있는, 눈을 한. hatchway: 창구, 승강구. inconvenient: 불편한, 형편이 마땅하지 않은, 폐가되는,

부자유스런, 형편이 나쁜, 부자유한. jewel: 보석, 보배, 보석 같은 것, 석, 귀중한 사람, 귀중한 물건. ominous: 불길한, 전조의, 험악한. placing: 자본 매출. proximity: 접근. purposely: 고의로, 일부러, 고외로. sailor: 선원, 수병, 수부, 수병 모자, 해군 군인. shadowy: 공허한, 덧없는, 몽롱한, 그림자 있는, 그림자가 많은, 그림자

같은, 환상의, 흔적을 나타내는. steerage: 조종, 고물, 조타, 선미, 키의 성능, 삼등선실, 삼등실로. trunks: 트렁크스. uncivil: 미개한, 야만적인, 예절 없는, 예의에 벗어난. ungratefully: 불유쾌하게. venomous: 악의에 찬, 독액을 분비하는, 독이 있는, 해로운, 해칠 생각이 있는, 원한을 품은, 엉큼한, 역겨운.

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white stranger’s thoughts. Pressed by such enigmas: and portents, it would have been almost against nature, had not, even into the least distrustful heart, some ugly misgivings obtruded.% Observing the ship, now helplessly fallen into a current, with enchanted sails, drifting with increased rapidity seaward; and noting that, from a lately intercepted projection of the land, the sealer was hidden, the stout mariner began to quake at thoughts which he barely durst confess to himself. Above all, he began to feel a ghostly dread of Don Benito. And yet, when he roused himself, dilated his chest, felt himself strong on his legs, and coolly considered it—what did all these phantoms amount to? Had the Spaniard any sinister scheme, it must have reference not so much to him (Captain Delano) as to his ship (the Bachelor’s Delight). Hence the present drifting away of the one ship from the other, instead of favoring any such possible scheme, was, for the time, at least, opposed to it. Clearly any suspicion, combining such contradictions, must need be delusive. Beside, was it not absurd to think of a vessel in distress—a vessel by sickness almost dismanned of her crew—a vessel whose inmates were parched for water—was it not a thousand times absurd that such a craft should, at present, be of a piratical character; or her commander, either for himself or those under him, cherish any desire but for speedy relief and refreshment? But then, might not general distress, and thirst in particular, be affected? And might not that same undiminished Spanish crew, alleged to have perished off to a remnant, be at that very moment lurking in the hold? On heart-broken pretense of entreating a cup of cold water, fiends in human form had got into lonely dwellings, nor retired until a dark deed had been done. And among the Malay pirates, it was no unusual thing to lure ships after them into their treacherous harbors, or entice boarders from a declared enemy at sea, by the spectacle of thinly manned or vacant decks, beneath which prowled a hundred spears with yellow arms ready to upthrust them through the mats. Not that Captain Delano had entirely credited such things. He had heard of them—and now, as stories, they recurred. The present destination of the ship was the anchorage. There she would be near his own vessel. Upon gaining that

Korean cherish: 품다, 귀여워하다, 소중히 하다, 소중히 키우다, 소중히 기르다, 고이 간직하다. deed: 행위, 실행, 행동, 업적, 증서. delusive: 기만적인, 망상적인, 믿을 수 없는, 착각하게하는, 현혹적인, 그릇된. distrustful: 의심스러운, 의심 많은, 선용치 않는. entice: 꾀다, 유혹하다, 미끼, 유혹. entreating: 간청의 탄원의, 간청의.

ghostly: 유령의, 희미한, 영적인, 그림자 같은, 종교적인, 정신적인, 유령같은, 유령이 나올 듯한, 유령에 관한, 아리송한. mariner: 선원, 금성 탐사용의 우주선, 수부, 화성. parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운, 바짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라 있는, 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른. perished: 매우 곤란한, 지친, 초췌해진.

piratical: 해적질하는, 저작권 침해의, 해적의, 표절의, 해적인. pretense: 구실, 주장, 거짓 꾸밈, 요구, 허위, 허세, 겉치례, 겉치레. quake: 흔들리다, 떨림, 흔들림, 떨리다, 진동하다, 덜덜떨다, 요동, 지진, 부들부들떨다. remnant: 나머지, 유물, 자투리, 찌꺼기, 잔존물, 지스러기, 잔여, 나머지 의, 유풍, 자취, 끄트러기. upthrust: 융기, 밀어 올림.

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vicinity, %might not the San Dominick, like a slumbering volcano, suddenly let loose energies now hid? He recalled the Spaniard’s manner while telling his story. There was a gloomy hesitancy and subterfuge about it. It was just the manner of one making up his tale for evil purposes, as he goes. But if that story was not true, what was the truth? That the ship had unlawfully come into the Spaniard’s possession? But in many of its details, especially in reference to the more calamitous parts, such as the fatalities among the seamen, the consequent prolonged beating about, the past sufferings from obstinate calms, and still continued suffering from thirst; in all these points, as well as others, Don Benito’s story had corroborated not only the wailing ejaculations of the indiscriminate multitude, white and black, but likewise—what seemed impossible to be counterfeit—by the very expression and play of every human feature, which Captain Delano saw. If Don Benito’s story was, throughout, an invention, then every soul on board, down to the youngest negress, was his carefully drilled recruit in the plot: an incredible inference. And yet, if there was ground for mistrusting his veracity, that inference was a legitimate one. But those questions of the Spaniard. There, indeed, one might pause. Did they not seem put with much the same object with which the burglar or assassin, by day-time, reconnoitres the walls of a house? But, with ill purposes, to solicit such information openly of the chief person endangered, and so, in effect, setting him on his guard; how unlikely a procedure was that? Absurd, then, to suppose that those questions had been prompted by evil designs. Thus, the same conduct, which, in this instance, had raised the alarm, served to dispel it. In short, scarce any suspicion or uneasiness, however apparently reasonable at the time, which was not now, with equal apparent reason, dismissed. At last he began to laugh at his former forebodings; and laugh at the strange ship for, in its aspect, someway siding with them, as it were; and laugh, too, at the odd-looking blacks, particularly those old scissors-grinders, the Ashantees; and those bed-ridden old knitting women, the oakum-pickers; and almost at the dark Spaniard himself, the central hobgoblin of all.

Korean assassin: 암살자, 자객, 암살 비밀 결사단. burglar: 밤도둑, 강도, 빈집털이, 사기꾼, 주거 침입 강도. calamitous: 불행한, 비참한, 재난을 일으키는, 재난이 많은, 바참한. dispel: 쫓아 버리다, 홑뜨리다, 흩뜨리다, 쫓아버리다. hesitancy: 망설임, 주춤거림, 주저. hobgoblin: 도깨비, 작은 요괴, 짓궂은 장난을 잘하는 꼬마 마귀, 짓궂은

장난을 잘하는 꼬마 요정. indiscriminate: 무차별의, 난잡한, 마구잡이의, 가리지 않는. negress: 흑인여자, 흑인 여자. obstinate: 완고한, 완강한, 난치의, 고집센, 병이 난치의. siding: 편들기, 측선, 가담, 마늘판벽, 대피선, 벽널. solicit: 간청하다, 교사하다, 구하다, 끌다, 권유하다, 뇌물을 써서 애걸하다, 손님을 끌다, 유혹하다.

someway: 어떻게든지, 무슨 수로든, 좀 떨어진 곳에, 어떻게든지 해서. subterfuge: 속임수, 구실, 도망갈 구실. thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름, 한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다. unlawfully: 불법으로, 부정하게. veracity: 정확, 정직, 진실, 정확성, 진실을 말함. volcano: 화산, 금방 폭발할 것 같은 감정, 금방 폭발할 것 같은 사태.

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For the rest, whatever in a serious way seemed enigmatical, was now goodnaturedly explained away by the thought that, for the most part, the poor invalid scarcely knew what he was about; either sulking in black vapors, or putting idle questions without sense or object. Evidently for the present, the man was not fit to be intrusted with the ship. On some benevolent plea withdrawing the command from him, Captain Delano would yet have to send her to Conception, in charge of his second mate, a worthy person and good navigator—a plan not more convenient for the San Dominick than for Don Benito; for, relieved from all anxiety, keeping wholly to his cabin, the sick man, under the good nursing of his servant, would, probably, by the end of the passage, be in a measure restored to health, and with that he should also be restored to authority.% Such were the American’s thoughts. They were tranquilizing. There was a difference between the idea of Don Benito’s darkly pre-ordaining Captain Delano’s fate, and Captain Delano’s lightly arranging Don Benito’s. Nevertheless, it was not without something of relief that the good seaman presently perceived his whale-boat in the distance. Its absence had been prolonged by unexpected detention at the sealer’s side, as well as its returning trip lengthened by the continual recession of the goal. The advancing speck was observed by the blacks. Their shouts attracted the attention of Don Benito, who, with a return of courtesy, approaching Captain Delano, expressed satisfaction at the coming of some supplies, slight and temporary as they must necessarily prove. Captain Delano responded; but while doing so, his attention was drawn to something passing on the deck below: among the crowd climbing the landward bulwarks, anxiously watching the coming boat, two blacks, to all appearances accidentally incommoded by one of the sailors, violently pushed him aside, which the sailor someway resenting, they dashed him to the deck, despite the earnest cries of the oakum-pickers. “Don Benito,” said Captain Delano quickly, “do you see what is going on there? Look!”

Korean anxiously: 걱정스럽게, 근심하여, 붙잡아둠. 걱정하여. enigmatical: 불가해한, 수수께끼 continual: 빈번한, 계속적인, 같은, 정체 모를. 끊임없는, 자주 일어나는, 연속적인. idle: 한가한, 일이 없는, 활용되지 darkly: 어둡게, 음울하게, 모호하게, 않고 있는, 쓸모 없는, 무용의, 까닭 비밀히, 험악하게, 희미하게, 없는, 태만한, 쉬고 있는, 놀고 거무스름하게, 넌지시, 막연히, 보내다, 공전하다, 게으름 피우다. 음침하게, 은밀히. invalid: 병약한, 병약자, 병자, 무효의, dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한, 의기 병약자 취급을 받다, 병약하게 되다, 소침한, 지독히. 병약자로서 면제하다, 병약하게 하다, detention: 구류, 억류, 붙듦, 소년원, 상병으로 현역에서 제대하다, 상이

군인 명부에 기입하다, 허약한. landward: 육지쪽으로. plea: 변명, 항변, 탄원, 구실, 변호. prolonged: 연장한, 오래 끈, 오래 끝. seaman: 뱃사람, 수병, 항해자, 선원. speck: 얼룩, 극히 작은 조각, 반점을 찍다, 작은 반점, 점을 붙이다, 흠을 찍다, 흠을 붙이다, 지방, 잔 알맹이, 점을 찍다, 작은 얼룩. violently: 맹렬하게, 격렬히, 세차게, 심하게, 난폭하게, 폭력적으로.

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But, seized by his cough, the Spaniard staggered, with both hands to his face, on the point of falling. Captain Delano would have supported him, but the servant was more alert, who, with one hand sustaining his master, with the other applied the cordial. Don Benito restored, the black withdrew his support, slipping aside a little, but dutifully remaining within call of a whisper. Such discretion was here evinced as quite wiped away, in the visitor’s eyes, any blemish of impropriety which might have attached to the attendant, from the indecorous conferences before mentioned; showing, too, that if the servant were to blame, it might be more the master’s fault than his own, since, when left to himself, he could conduct thus well.% His glance called away from the spectacle of disorder to the more pleasing one before him, Captain Delano could not avoid again congratulating his host upon possessing such a servant, who, though perhaps a little too forward now and then, must upon the whole be invaluable to one in the invalid’s situation. “Tell me, Don Benito,” he added, with a smile—”I should like to have your man here, myself—what will you take for him? Would fifty doubloons be any object?” “Master wouldn’t part with Babo for a thousand doubloons,” murmured the black, overhearing the offer, and taking it in earnest, and, with the strange vanity of a faithful slave, appreciated by his master, scorning to hear so paltry a valuation put upon him by a stranger. But Don Benito, apparently hardly yet completely restored, and again interrupted by his cough, made but some broken reply. Soon his physical distress became so great, affecting his mind, too, apparently, that, as if to screen the sad spectacle, the servant gently conducted his master below. Left to himself, the American, to while away the time till his boat should arrive, would have pleasantly accosted some one of the few Spanish seamen he saw; but recalling something that Don Benito had said touching their ill conduct, he refrained; as a shipmaster indisposed to countenance cowardice or unfaithfulness in seamen.

Korean blemish: 흠, 손상하다, 결점, 완전함을 손상하다, 아름다움을 손상하다. countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, 허용하다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 지지. cowardice: 겁, 비겁, 소심. dutifully: 충실하게, 공손하게, 성실하게. impropriety: 부적당, 행실 나쁨,

점잖지 못함, 잘못오용, 온당치 않음, 상스러움, 도리에 어긋남, 부정, 버릇없는행위, 버릇없음, 어울리지 않는 말. indisposed: 기분이 나쁜, 할 마음이 내키지 않는, 몸이 좀 아픈, 마음이 내키지 않는, 기분이 언짢은, 싫중난. paltry: 하찮은, 무가치한, 얼마 안 되는, 보잘 것없는. pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게, 즐겁게, 쾌활하게.

pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성 있는. shipmaster: 선장. spectacle: 구경거리, 안경, 광경, 장관, 보기에 도 지겨운 것, 타자의 재차의 무득점, 보기에 도 딱한 것. sustaining: 버티는, 자주프로의, 떠받치는, 몸에 좋은, 몸에 기운을 내게 하는. touching: 감동시키는, 애처로운, 에 관하여, 에 관해서, 감동적인.

Herman Melville

87

While, %with these thoughts, standing with eye directed forward towards that handful of sailors, suddenly he thought that one or two of them returned the glance and with a sort of meaning. He rubbed his eyes, and looked again; but again seemed to see the same thing. Under a new form, but more obscure than any previous one, the old suspicions recurred, but, in the absence of Don Benito, with less of panic than before. Despite the bad account given of the sailors, Captain Delano resolved forthwith to accost one of them. Descending the poop, he made his way through the blacks, his movement drawing a queer cry from the oakum-pickers, prompted by whom, the negroes, twitching each other aside, divided before him; but, as if curious to see what was the object of this deliberate visit to their Ghetto, closing in behind, in tolerable order, followed the white stranger up. His progress thus proclaimed as by mounted kings-at-arms, and escorted as by a Caffre guard of honor, Captain Delano, assuming a goodhumored, off-handed air, continued to advance; now and then saying a blithe word to the negroes, and his eye curiously surveying the white faces, here and there sparsely mixed in with the blacks, like stray white pawns venturously involved in the ranks of the chess-men opposed. While thinking which of them to select for his purpose, he chanced to observe a sailor seated on the deck engaged in tarring the strap of a large block, a circle of blacks squatted round him inquisitively eying the process. The mean employment of the man was in contrast with something superior in his figure. His hand, black with continually thrusting it into the tar-pot held for him by a negro, seemed not naturally allied to his face, a face which would have been a very fine one but for its haggardness. Whether this haggardness had aught to do with criminality, could not be determined; since, as intense heat and cold, though unlike, produce like sensations, so innocence and guilt, when, through casual association with mental pain, stamping any visible impress, use one seal—a hacked one. Not again that this reflection occurred to Captain Delano at the time, charitable man as he was. Rather another idea. Because observing so singular a haggardness combined with a dark eye, averted as in trouble and shame, and

Korean blithe: 유쾌한, 명항한, 쾌활한, 행복한, 태평스런, 즐거운. criminality: 범죄성, 범죄, 유죄, 범죄적성질, 범죄 행위. forthwith: 즉시, 당장, 곧, 곧 실행해야할 명령, 곧장, 즉시로. good-humored: 기분 좋은. hacked: 안달난, 곤혹스러운, 당혹한. haggardness: 수척함. honor: 명예, 명성, 존경하다, 체면, 자존심, 훈장, 서훈, 고관, 인수하고

지불하다, 정절, 작위. 드문드문하게, 빈약하게, 희박하게. impress: 날인, 감동시키다, 흔적, strap: 가죽끈, 가죽숫돌, 기죽 손잡이, 징발하다, 인용하다, 특징, 찍다, 띠쇠, 혁지, 혁지로 갈다, 손잡이 징집하다, 누르다, 감명, 감명을 주다. 가죽끈, 가죽끈으로 때리다, 가죽으로 inquisitively: 호기심많게, 호기심에 묶다, 견장, 반창고를 붙이다. 차서. stray: 길을 잃다, 길 잃은, 길 잃은 queer: 수상한, 가짜돈, 몸이 좋지 가축, 드문, 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 일행에서 않은, 비역쟁이, 기묘한, 술취한, 뒤처진, 방황하다, 못된 길로 빠지다, 부정한, 우스운, 결딴내다, 기분 나쁜, 집잃은 아이, 헤매다, 고립한. 술에 취한. tolerable: 참을수 있는, 상당한, 참을 sparsely: 성기게, 드문드문, 수 있는, 웬만한, 꽤 건강한.

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then again recalling Don Benito’s confessed ill opinion of his crew, insensibly he was operated upon by certain general notions which, while disconnecting pain and abashment from virtue, invariably link them with vice.% If, indeed, there be any wickedness on board this ship, thought Captain Delano, be sure that man there has fouled his hand in it, even as now he fouls it in the pitch. I don’t like to accost him. I will speak to this other, this old Jack here on the windlass. He advanced to an old Barcelona tar, in ragged red breeches and dirty nightcap, cheeks trenched and bronzed, whiskers dense as thorn hedges. Seated between two sleepy-looking Africans, this mariner, like his younger shipmate, was employed upon some rigging—splicing a cable—the sleepy-looking blacks performing the inferior function of holding the outer parts of the ropes for him. Upon Captain Delano’s approach, the man at once hung his head below its previous level; the one necessary for business. It appeared as if he desired to be thought absorbed, with more than common fidelity, in his task. Being addressed, he glanced up, but with what seemed a furtive, diffident air, which sat strangely enough on his weather-beaten visage, much as if a grizzly bear, instead of growling and biting, should simper and cast sheep’s eyes. He was asked several questions concerning the voyage—questions purposely referring to several particulars in Don Benito’s narrative, not previously corroborated by those impulsive cries greeting the visitor on first coming on board. The questions were briefly answered, confirming all that remained to be confirmed of the story. The negroes about the windlass joined in with the old sailor; but, as they became talkative, he by degrees became mute, and at length quite glum, seemed morosely unwilling to answer more questions, and yet, all the while, this ursine air was somehow mixed with his sheepish one. Despairing of getting into unembarrassed talk with such a centaur, Captain Delano, after glancing round for a more promising countenance, but seeing none, spoke pleasantly to the blacks to make way for him; and so, amid various grins and grimaces, returned to the poop, feeling a little strange at first, he could hardly tell why, but upon the whole with regained confidence in Benito Cereno.

Korean abashment: 수치, 곤혹, 무안하게 하는 것. breeches: 승마용 바지, 반바지, 승마바지, 바지. bronzed: 청동빛으로 만든. centaur: 명기수, 켄타우루스, 인두마신의 괴물, 켄타우루스자리. diffident: 자신없는, 암띰, 망설임, 수줍은, 자신없음, 자신 없는. furtive: 은밀한, 남몰래하는, 아무가 남의 눈을 기이는, 몰래 하는,

속임수가 많은. glum: 무뚝뚝한, 음울한. greeting: 인사말, 인사, 인사장, 환영. grizzly: 회색의, 회색을 띤. growling: 으르렁거리는. insensibly: 알아차리지 못할 만큼, 천천히, 눈에 띄지 않을 정도로. morosely: 까다롭게, 기분이 언짢게. sheepish: 기가 약한, 수줍은, 어리석은, 겁많은, 양 같은. shipmate: 동료 선원.

simper: 억지 웃음, 선웃음, 선웃음을 웃다. trenched: 배수구가 있는, 참호가 있는, 참호로 방비된. ursine: 곰의, 곰같은. weather-beaten: 비바람에 단련된, 비바람에 시달린. whiskers: 구레나룻. wickedness: 사악함, 심술궂음, 사악. windlass: 윈치, 자아틀, 권양기, 권양기로 감아 올리다.

Herman Melville

89

How plainly, thought he, did that old whiskerando yonder betray a consciousness of ill desert. No doubt, when he saw me coming, he dreaded lest I, apprised by his Captain of the crew’s general misbehavior, came with sharp words for him, and so down with his head. And yet—and yet, now that I think of it, that very old fellow, if I err not, was one of those who seemed so earnestly eying me here awhile since. Ah, these currents spin one’s head round almost as much as they do the ship. Ha, there now’s a pleasant sort of sunny sight; quite sociable, too.% His attention had been drawn to a slumbering negress, partly disclosed through the lacework of some rigging, lying, with youthful limbs carelessly disposed, under the lee of the bulwarks, like a doe in the shade of a woodland rock. Sprawling at her lapped breasts, was her wide-awake fawn, stark naked, its black little body half lifted from the deck, crosswise with its dam’s; its hands, like two paws, clambering upon her; its mouth and nose ineffectually rooting to get at the mark; and meantime giving a vexatious half-grunt, blending with the composed snore of the negress. The uncommon vigor of the child at length roused the mother. She started up, at a distance facing Captain Delano. But as if not, at all concerned at the attitude in which she had been caught, delightedly she caught the child up, with maternal transports, covering it with kisses. There’s naked nature, now; pure tenderness and love, thought Captain Delano, well pleased. This incident prompted him to remark the other negresses more particularly than before. He was gratified with their manners: like most uncivilized women, they seemed at once tender of heart and tough of constitution; equally ready to die for their infants or fight for them. Unsophisticated as leopardesses; loving as doves. Ah! thought Captain Delano, these, perhaps, are some of the very women whom Ledyard saw in Africa, and gave such a noble account of. These natural sights somehow insensibly deepened his confidence and ease. At last he looked to see how his boat was getting on; but it was still pretty remote. He turned to see if Don Benito had returned; but he had not.

Korean betray: 나타내다, 누설하다, 배반하다, 저버리다, 유괴하다, 배신하다, 팔다, 속이다, 무심코 드러내다, 거역하다, 에 위배하다. crosswise: 심술궂게, 십자형으로, 거꾸로, 옆으로, 거역하여, 가로로, 가로, 엇갈리게, 열십자로, 비스듬히. doe: 암컷, 암사슴. fawn: 엷은 황갈색의, 새끼사슴, 아첨하다, 재롱떨다, 해롱거리다, 엷은 황갈색, 새끼를 낳다, 아양떨다.

gratified: 기뻐하는, 만족한. ineffectually: 효과 없는. lacework: 레이스. maternal: 어머니의, 어머니다운. misbehavior: 비행, 버릇 없음. snore: 코를 골다, 코골기, 코골며 보내다. sociable: 사교적인, 친목회, 붙임성 있는, 사귀기 쉬운, 사교를 좋아하는, 친목의, 사륜 마차의 일종, 사교에 능한, 간친회.

sprawling: 불규칙하게 넓어지는, 아무렇게 휘갈긴, 팔다리를 흉하게 쭉 뻗은, 기어가는 듯한, 불규칙하게 뻗는. uncivilized: 야만의, 미개한, 문명으로부터 격리된, 미개의, 황량한. vexatious: 성가신, 남을 곯리려고 걸핏하면 소송을 일으키는. vigor: 활기, 정력, 활력, 원기, 구속력, 힘.

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To change the scene, as well as to please himself with a leisurely observation of the coming boat, stepping over into the mizzen-chains, he clambered his way into the starboard quarter-gallery—one of those abandoned Venetian-looking water-balconies previously mentioned—retreats cut off from the deck. As his foot pressed the half-damp, half-dry sea-mosses matting the place, and a chance phantom cats-paw—an islet of breeze, unheralded unfollowed—as this ghostly cats-paw came fanning his cheek; as his glance fell upon the row of small, round dead-lights—all closed like coppered eyes of the coffined—and the state-cabin door, once connecting with the gallery, even as the dead-lights had once looked out upon it, but now calked fast like a sarcophagus lid; and to a purple-black tarred-over, panel, threshold, and post; and he bethought him of the time, when that state-cabin and this state-balcony had heard the voices of the Spanish king’s officers, and the forms of the Lima viceroy’s daughters had perhaps leaned where he stood—as these and other images flitted through his mind, as the catspaw through the calm, gradually he felt rising a dreamy inquietude, like that of one who alone on the prairie feels unrest from the repose of the noon.% He leaned against the carved balustrade, again looking off toward his boat; but found his eye falling upon the ribbon grass, trailing along the ship’s waterline, straight as a border of green box; and parterres of sea-weed, broad ovals and crescents, floating nigh and far, with what seemed long formal alleys between, crossing the terraces of swells, and sweeping round as if leading to the grottoes below. And overhanging all was the balustrade by his arm, which, partly stained with pitch and partly embossed with moss, seemed the charred ruin of some summer-house in a grand garden long running to waste. Trying to break one charm, he was but becharmed anew. Though upon the wide sea, he seemed in some far inland country; prisoner in some deserted château, left to stare at empty grounds, and peer out at vague roads, where never wagon or wayfarer passed. But these enchantments were a little disenchanted as his eye fell on the corroded main-chains. Of an ancient style, massy and rusty in link, shackle and

Korean balustrade: 난간. embossed: 양각으로 새긴, 양각으로 무늬를 넣은, 부조 세공을 한, 눌러서 도드라지게 한, 돋을새김의. inquietude: 불안, 산란, 동요근심. islet: 작은섬, 작은 섬, 작은 섬과 비슷한 것. massy: 실팍한, 무거운, 크고 무거운, 용모 따위가 야무진, 덩어리 모양의, 야무진, 체격 따위가 야무진, 크고 단단한.

matting: 돗자리, 멍석, 매트 재료, 거적, 윤 지우기. phantom: 환상, 유령, 환영, 꼭두, 유령같은, 가공의, 독깨비, 도깨비, 모형, 외관뿐인 것, 외관뿐인 사람. prairie: 대초원, 숲속의 조그만 빈터, 초원. repose: 눕히다, 쉬다, 침착, 휴식, 두다, 영면하다, 자다, 휴지, 영면, 걸다, 조화. sarcophagus: 석관.

shackle: 속박, 수갑, 방해, 쇠고랑, 차꼬, 족쇄, 구속하다, 걸쇠, 족쇄를 채우다, 수갑을 채우다. starboard: 우현으로 돌리다, 우현, 진로를 오른쪽으로 잡다, 우현의, 우현쪽의. unheralded: 의외의, 전달되지 않은, 예상 밖의. unrest: 불안, 불온, 근심. wayfarer: 나그네, 단기 숙박자, 여행자.

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bolt, they seemed even more fit for the ship’s present business than the one for which she had been built.% Presently he thought something moved nigh the chains. He rubbed his eyes, and looked hard. Groves of rigging were about the chains; and there, peering from behind a great stay, like an Indian from behind a hemlock, a Spanish sailor, a marlingspike in his hand, was seen, who made what seemed an imperfect gesture towards the balcony, but immediately as if alarmed by some advancing step along the deck within, vanished into the recesses of the hempen forest, like a poacher. What meant this? Something the man had sought to communicate, unbeknown to any one, even to his captain. Did the secret involve aught unfavorable to his captain? Were those previous misgivings of Captain Delano’s about to be verified? Or, in his haunted mood at the moment, had some random, unintentional motion of the man, while busy with the stay, as if repairing it, been mistaken for a significant beckoning? Not unbewildered, again he gazed off for his boat. But it was temporarily hidden by a rocky spur of the isle. As with some eagerness he bent forward, watching for the first shooting view of its beak, the balustrade gave way before him like charcoal. Had he not clutched an outreaching rope he would have fallen into the sea. The crash, though feeble, and the fall, though hollow, of the rotten fragments, must have been overheard. He glanced up. With sober curiosity peering down upon him was one of the old oakum-pickers, slipped from his perch to an outside boom; while below the old negro, and, invisible to him, reconnoitering from a port-hole like a fox from the mouth of its den, crouched the Spanish sailor again. From something suddenly suggested by the man’s air, the mad idea now darted into Captain Delano’s mind, that Don Benito’s plea of indisposition, in withdrawing below, was but a pretense: that he was engaged there maturing his plot, of which the sailor, by some means gaining an inkling, had a mind to warn the stranger against; incited, it may be, by gratitude for a kind word on first boarding the ship. Was it from foreseeing some possible interference like this, that Don Benito had, beforehand, given such a bad

Korean balcony: 발코니, 노대, 특별석, 이층 특별석, 전망대, 고물의 전망대. beak: 부리, 코, 치안판사, 주둥이, 격돌 함수, 귀때, 교사, 누조, 부리가 있는, 치안 판사, 부리 같이 생긴 물건. boarding: 기숙, 판장. charcoal: 숯, 목탄화, 목탄으로 그리다, 목탄. clutched: 초조한, 긴장한. feeble: 약한, 연약한, 희미한, 의지가

박약한. foreseeing: 선견지명이 있는. gratitude: 감사. hemlock: 독당근, 독당근에서 뽑은 독약, 솔송나무. hempen: 대마의, 대마로 만든. imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불충분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제, 미완료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의. indisposition: 기분이 언짢음, 싫증, 병, 마음이 내키지않음, 알맞지 않음,

부적당, 마음이 내키지 않음. perch: 앉다, 횃대, 얹다, 두다, 농어류의 물고기, 높은 지위, 마부석, 마차 따위의 마부석, 새 따위를 앉게 하다, 좌석, 새가 앉는 횃대. poacher: 밀렵자, 밀어자, 수란짜. spur: 박차, 격려하다, 며느리발톱, 돌출부, 격려, 박차를 가하다, 아이젠, 짧은 가지, 자극, 지선, 박차를 달다. unintentional: 고의가 아닌, 무심코 한, 무의식중의, 무의식 중의.

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character of his sailors, while praising the negroes; though, indeed, the former seemed as docile as the latter the contrary? The whites, too, by nature, were the shrewder race. A man with some evil design, would he not be likely to speak well of that stupidity which was blind to his depravity, and malign that intelligence from which it might not be hidden? Not unlikely, perhaps. But if the whites had dark secrets concerning Don Benito, could then Don Benito be any way in complicity with the blacks? But they were too stupid. Besides, who ever heard of a white so far a renegade as to apostatize from his very species almost, by leaguing in against it with negroes? These difficulties recalled former ones. Lost in their mazes, Captain Delano, who had now regained the deck, was uneasily advancing along it, when he observed a new face; an aged sailor seated cross-legged near the main hatchway. His skin was shrunk up with wrinkles like a pelican’s empty pouch; his hair frosted; his countenance grave and composed. His hands were full of ropes, which he was working into a large knot. Some blacks were about him obligingly dipping the strands for him, here and there, as the exigencies of the operation demanded.% Captain Delano crossed over to him, and stood in silence surveying the knot; his mind, by a not uncongenial transition, passing from its own entanglements to those of the hemp. For intricacy, such a knot he had never seen in an American ship, nor indeed any other. The old man looked like an Egyptian priest, making Gordian knots for the temple of Ammon. The knot seemed a combination of double-bowline-knot, treble-crown-knot, back-handed-well-knot, knot-in-and-out-knot, and jamming-knot. At last, puzzled to comprehend the meaning of such a knot, Captain Delano addressed the knotter:— “What are you knotting there, my man?” “The knot,” was the brief reply, without looking up. “So it seems; but what is it for?” “For some one else to undo,” muttered back the old man, plying his fingers harder than ever, the knot being now nearly completed.

Korean apostatize: 신앙을 버리다, 변절하다. 마디. 신을 찬미하는 것, 신을 숭배하는 것. complicity: 공범, 연루, 공모. obligingly: 친절하게, 자상하게 renegade: 배교자, 변절자, 배교의, cross-legged: 발을 포갠, 책상다리를 미치게, 정중하게. 배교자가 되다, 배반하다, 배반의, 한. pouch: 작은 주머니, 자루처럼 만들다, 배신의, 배신자, 배신하다, 변절한, depravity: 타락, 비행, 악행. 주머니에 넣다, 주머니, 자루 저버린. docile: 가르치기쉬운, 유순한, 온순한. 모양으로 되다, 오므라지게 하다stupidity: 어리석음, 우둔, 어리석은 hemp: 삼, 대마, 교수형용의 밧줄. 자루 모양으로 되다, 오므라지게 언동, 어리석은 짓, 얼빠진 언동, intricacy: 뒤섞인, 복잡, 복잡한, 하다, 주머니 모양이 되다, 주머니얼빠짐. 얽힌사물. 주머니에 넣다, 처진 살, 눈 밑의 처진 uncongenial: 맞지 않은, 성미에 안 knotting: 편물 세공, 칠하기 전의 살. 맞는, 부적당한, 싫은. 손질, 매듭 장식, 매듭 매기, 결절, praising: 칭찬하는 것, 찬양하는 것, wrinkles: 주름살.

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While Captain Delano stood watching him, suddenly the old man threw the knot towards him, saying in broken English—the first heard in the ship— something to this effect: “Undo it, cut it, quick.” It was said lowly, but with such condensation of rapidity, that the long, slow words in Spanish, which had preceded and followed, almost operated as covers to the brief English between.% For a moment, knot in hand, and knot in head, Captain Delano stood mute; while, without further heeding him, the old man was now intent upon other ropes. Presently there was a slight stir behind Captain Delano. Turning, he saw the chained negro, Atufal, standing quietly there. The next moment the old sailor rose, muttering, and, followed by his subordinate negroes, removed to the forward part of the ship, where in the crowd he disappeared. An elderly negro, in a clout like an infant’s, and with a pepper and salt head, and a kind of attorney air, now approached Captain Delano. In tolerable Spanish, and with a good-natured, knowing wink, he informed him that the old knotter was simple-witted, but harmless; often playing his odd tricks. The negro concluded by begging the knot, for of course the stranger would not care to be troubled with it. Unconsciously, it was handed to him. With a sort of congé, the negro received it, and, turning his back, ferreted into it like a detective customhouse officer after smuggled laces. Soon, with some African word, equivalent to pshaw, he tossed the knot overboard. All this is very queer now, thought Captain Delano, with a qualmish sort of emotion; but, as one feeling incipient sea-sickness, he strove, by ignoring the symptoms, to get rid of the malady. Once more he looked off for his boat. To his delight, it was now again in view, leaving the rocky spur astern. The sensation here experienced, after at first relieving his uneasiness, with unforeseen efficacy soon began to remove it. The less distant sight of that wellknown boat—showing it, not as before, half blended with the haze, but with outline defined, so that its individuality, like a man’s, was manifest; that boat, Rover by name, which, though now in strange seas, had often pressed the beach of Captain Delano’s home, and, brought to its threshold for repairs, had familiarly lain there, as a Newfoundland dog; the sight of that household, boat

Korean astern: 고물에, 뒤에. begging: 구걸, 구걸하는, 거지 생활. clout: 과녁, 때림, 조각을 대어 깁다, 때리다, 권력, 강타하다, 강타, 딱 때리다, 천조각, 치다, 헝겊조각. condensation: 응축, 냉축, 액화, 요약, 간결화, 응축 상태, 응축제, 응축체, 응축상태, 요약한 것, 압축. individuality: 개성, 특성, 개체, 인격, 개인, 특질, 단일체, 개체성, 개인적 특성.

malady: 병폐, 병, 질병, 특히 만성적인 질병. manifest: 나타나다, 적하 목록에 기재하다, 명백한, 명시하다, 나타내다, 입증하다, 의견을 발표하다, 적하 목록, 유령 따위가 나타나다, 밖으로 나타내다, 감정 따위를 밖으로 나타내다. muttering: 준얼거리기. pshaw: 흥, 체, 기가 막혀, 코웃음 치다.

qualmish: 메스꺼운, 양심의 가책을 받는, 마음의 가책을 느끼는, 느글거리는, 양심에 걸리는. unforeseen: 뜻밖의, 예기치 못한, 뜻하지 않은, 생각지 않은, 예측하기 어려운 일. wink: 눈짓하다, 반짝이다, 기운차게, 깜박이다, 눈깜박임, 보고도 못본체하다, 눈을 깜빡이다, 눈짓, 눈짓으로 신호하다, 깜박임, 윙크하다.

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evoked a thousand trustful associations, which, contrasted with previous suspicions, filled him not only with lightsome confidence, but somehow with half humorous self-reproaches at his former lack of it.% “What, I, Amasa Delano—Jack of the Beach, as they called me when a lad—I, Amasa; the same that, duck-satchel in hand, used to paddle along the water-side to the school-house made from the old hulk—I, little Jack of the Beach, that used to go berrying with cousin Nat and the rest; I to be murdered here at the ends of the earth, on board a haunted pirate-ship by a horrible Spaniard? Too nonsensical to think of! Who would murder Amasa Delano? His conscience is clean. There is some one above. Fie, fie, Jack of the Beach! you are a child indeed; a child of the second childhood, old boy; you are beginning to dote and drule, I’m afraid.” Light of heart and foot, he stepped aft, and there was met by Don Benito’s servant, who, with a pleasing expression, responsive to his own present feelings, informed him that his master had recovered from the effects of his coughing fit, and had just ordered him to go present his compliments to his good guest, Don Amasa, and say that he (Don Benito) would soon have the happiness to rejoin him. There now, do you mark that? again thought Captain Delano, walking the poop. What a donkey I was. This kind gentleman who here sends me his kind compliments, he, but ten minutes ago, dark-lantern in had, was dodging round some old grind-stone in the hold, sharpening a hatchet for me, I thought. Well, well; these long calms have a morbid effect on the mind, I’ve often heard, though I never believed it before. Ha! glancing towards the boat; there’s Rover; good dog; a white bone in her mouth. A pretty big bone though, seems to me.—What? Yes, she has fallen afoul of the bubbling tide-rip there. It sets her the other way, too, for the time. Patience. It was now about noon, though, from the grayness of everything, it seemed to be getting towards dusk. The calm was confirmed. In the far distance, away from the influence of land, the leaden ocean seemed laid out and leaded up, it’s course finished, soul gone,

Korean afoul: 충돌하여, 뒤엉키어. aft: 고무쪽에, 후미에, 고물에, 고물에 있는, 고물쪽에, 흔히, 종종, 고물쪽에 있는. donkey: 당나귀, 고집통이, 멍텅구리, 바보, 보조 엔진. dote: 노망들다, 맹목적으로 사랑하다, 익애하다, 망령들다. dusk: 땅거미, 그늘, 어스레한, 황혼, 거무스름한, 어둑해지다, 어스름, 음울한, 어둑하게 하다.

fie: 체, 에잇. grayness: 회색, 백발이 섞임. humorous: 익살스러운, 우스꽝스러운, 유우머가 있는, 익살의. leaded: 납 중독에 걸린, 납을 첨가한. lightsome: 빛나는, 쾌활한, 밝은, 경솔한, 재빠른. nonsensical: 무의미한, 터무니 없는, 되지 못한, 시시한, 부조리한. paddle: 방망이로 치다, 아장 아장

걷다, 철벙 거리다, 물장난하다, 노 비슷한 것, 노를한번 저음, 노, 한번 저음, 찰싹 때리다, 기선 따위의 외륜, 보트를 노로 젓다. rejoin: 응답하다, 다시 결합하다, 재회하다, 다시 함께 되다, 다시 합치다, 재 합동시키다, 재결합시키다, 재결합하다, 재합동시키다, 항변하다, 대답하다. trustful: 신용하는, 믿음직하게 여기는, 굳게믿는.

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defunct. But the current from landward, where the ship was, increased; silently sweeping her further and further towards the tranced waters beyond.% Still, from his knowledge of those latitudes, cherishing hopes of a breeze, and a fair and fresh one, at any moment, Captain Delano, despite present prospects, buoyantly counted upon bringing the San Dominick safely to anchor ere night. The distance swept over was nothing; since, with a good wind, ten minutes’ sailing would retrace more than sixty minutes, drifting. Meantime, one moment turning to mark “Rover” fighting the tide-rip, and the next to see Don Benito approaching, he continued walking the poop. Gradually he felt a vexation arising from the delay of his boat; this soon merged into uneasiness; and at last—his eye falling continually, as from a stagebox into the pit, upon the strange crowd before and below him, and, by-and-by, recognizing there the face—now composed to indifference—of the Spanish sailor who had seemed to beckon from the main-chains—something of his old trepidations returned. Ah, thought he—gravely enough—this is like the ague: because it went off, it follows not that it won’t come back. Though ashamed of the relapse, he could not altogether subdue it; and so, exerting his good-nature to the utmost, insensibly he came to a compromise. Yes, this is a strange craft; a strange history, too, and strange folks on board. But—nothing more. By way of keeping his mind out of mischief till the boat should arrive, he tried to occupy it with turning over and over, in a purely speculative sort of way, some lesser peculiarities of the captain and crew. Among others, four curious points recurred: First, the affair of the Spanish lad assailed with a knife by the slave boy; an act winked at by Don Benito. Second, the tyranny in Don Benito’s treatment of Atufal, the black; as if a child should lead a bull of the Nile by the ring in his nose. Third, the trampling of the sailor by the two negroes; a piece of insolence passed over without so much as a reprimand. Fourth, the cringing submission to their

Korean ague: 오한, 학질. beckon: 신호하다, 손짓으로 부르다, 유혹하다, 유인하다, 고갯짓 따위로 부르다, 몸짓 따위로 부르다, 초대하다, 손짓하여 부르다, 꾀어 부르다. composed: 침착한, 으로 구성되어, 차분한. defunct: 죽은, 소멸한, 없어져 버린. reprimand: 견책, 견책하다, 비난, 징계, 꾸짖다, 질책, 질책하다,

징계하다. 복종시키다, 누르다, 부드럽게 하다. retrace: 되돌아가다, 회고하다, sweeping: 청소, 일소하는, 일소, 되살피다, 다시 하다, 거슬러 올라가 파죽지세, 전반에 걸친, 불어제침, 조사하다, 근본을 찾다, 다시 밀어내림, 먼지, 대대적인, 쓰레기, 따라가다, 근원을 찾다, 거슬러 소탕. 올라가다, 되물러나다, 의 근본을 tyranny: 포학한 행위, 전제 정치, 캐다. 포학, 폭정, 참주정치, 학대, 참주 speculative: 사색적인, 위험을 내포한, 정치, 무도한 행위. 순이론적인, 투기의, 투기적인, utmost: 최대의, 가장먼, 극한, 최대 위험한. 한도, 최고의 것, 가장 떨어진, subdue: 정복하다, 억제하다, 이기다, 최대한도, 최대한의, 최상의 것.

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master, of all the ship’s underlings, mostly blacks; as if by the least inadvertence they feared to draw down his despotic displeasure.% Coupling these points, they seemed somewhat contradictory. But what then, thought Captain Delano, glancing towards his now nearing boat—what then? Why, Don Benito is a very capricious commander. But he is not the first of the sort I have seen; though it’s true he rather exceeds any other. But as a nation— continued he in his reveries—these Spaniards are all an odd set; the very word Spaniard has a curious, conspirator, Guy-Fawkish twang to it. And yet, I dare say, Spaniards in the main are as good folks as any in Duxbury, Massachusetts. Ah good! last “Rover” has come. As, with its welcome freight, the boat touched the side, the oakum-pickers, with venerable gestures, sought to restrain the blacks, who, at the sight of three gurried water-casks in its bottom, and a pile of wilted pumpkins in its bow, hung over the bulwarks in disorderly raptured. Don Benito, with his servant, now appeared; his coming, perhaps, hastened by hearing the noise. Of him Captain Delano sought permission to serve out the water, so that all might share alike, and none injure themselves by unfair excess. But sensible, and, on Don Benito’s account, kind as this offer was, it was received with what seemed impatience; as if aware that he lacked energy as a commander, Don Benito, with the true jealousy of weakness, resented as an affront any interference. So, at least, Captain Delano inferred. In another moment the casks were being hoisted in, when some of the eager negroes accidentally jostled Captain Delano, where he stood by the gangway; so, that, unmindful of Don Benito, yielding to the impulse of the moment, with good-natured authority he bade the blacks stand back; to enforce his words making use of a half-mirthful, half-menacing gesture. Instantly the blacks paused, just where they were, each negro and negress suspended in his or her posture, exactly as the word had found them—for a few seconds continuing so—while, as between the responsive posts of a telegraph, an unknown syllable ran from man to man among the perched oakum-pickers. While the visitor’s attention was

Korean capricious: 변덕스러운, 급변하는. responsive: 대답하는, 이해가 빠른, conspirator: 공모자, 음모자. 응답 성가를 부르는, 반응하는, despotic: 횡포한, 포악한, 독재적인, 반응을 잘 일으키는, 바로 대답하는, 전제적인. 민감한, 대답의, 대답을 나타내는, disorderly: 무질서한, 난잡한, 난폭한, 감응하기 쉬운. 어수서한, 어수선한, 공안방해의. restrain: 구속하다, 억제하다, injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 다치게 제지하다, 감금하다, 자유를 빼앗다, 하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다, 손해를 속박하다, 못하게 하다, 누르다, 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게 하다. 말리다, 수감하다, 방지하다. jealousy: 경계심, 샘, 질투, 시기, 빈틈 syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언, 없는 배려. 음절로 나누다.

twang: 콧소리, 팅, 현의 소리, 윙하고 울다, 윙하고 울리다, 콧소리로 말하다, 윙. venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한, 가경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어 숭엄한, 오래된. yielding: 순종하는, 구부러지기 쉬운, 하라는대로, 생산적인, 고분고분한, 굽기 쉬운, 굽힐 수 있는, 감화를 받기 쉬운, 하라는 대로 하는, 영향을 받기 쉬운, 모양을 바꿀 수 있는.

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fixed by this scene, suddenly the hatchet-polishers half rose, and a rapid cry came from Don Benito.% Thinking that at the signal of the Spaniard he was about to be massacred, Captain Delano would have sprung for his boat, but paused, as the oakumpickers, dropping down into the crowd with earnest exclamations, forced every white and every negro back, at the same moment, with gestures friendly and familiar, almost jocose, bidding him, in substance, not be a fool. Simultaneously the hatchet-polishers resumed their seats, quietly as so many tailors, and at once, as if nothing had happened, the work of hoisting in the casks was resumed, whites and blacks singing at the tackle. Captain Delano glanced towards Don Benito. As he saw his meagre form in the act of recovering itself from reclining in the servant’s arms, into which the agitated invalid had fallen, he could not but marvel at the panic by which himself had been surprised, on the darting supposition that such a commander, who, upon a legitimate occasion, so trivial, too, as it now appeared, could lose all self-command, was, with energetic iniquity, going to bring about his murder. The casks being on deck, Captain Delano was handed a number of jars and cups by one of the steward’s aids, who, in the name of his captain, entreated him to do as he had proposed—dole out the water. He complied, with republican impartiality as to this republican element, which always seeks one level, serving the oldest white no better than the youngest black; excepting, indeed, poor Don Benito, whose condition, if not rank, demanded an extra allowance. To him, in the first place, Captain Delano presented a fair pitcher of the fluid; but, thirsting as he was for it, the Spaniard quaffed not a drop until after several grave bows and salutes. A reciprocation of courtesies which the sight-loving Africans hailed with clapping of hands. Two of the less wilted pumpkins being reserved for the cabin table, the residue were minced up on the spot for the general regalement. But the soft bread, sugar, and bottled cider, Captain Delano would have given the whites alone, and in chief Don Benito; but the latter objected; which disinterestedness not a little pleased the American; and so mouthfuls all around were given alike

Korean agitated: 흥분한, 동요한. bottled: 몹시 취한, 병에 넣은, 병에 담은, 술에 취한, 병에 든. bows: 이물. disinterestedness: 무관심, 사심. impartiality: 공평, 공명정대, 공평무사, 불편 부당, 불편부당. iniquity: 부정, 부정행위, 죄악, 죄, 불법. jocose: 익살맞은, 우스운, 우스꽝스러운.

marvel: 경이, 놀라운 것, 경탄, 놀라운 일, 불가사의하게 여기다, 놀라다, 놀람. pitcher: 던지는 사람, 투수, 물주전자, 피처, 던져 싣는 사람, 짚 따위를 짐차에 던져 싣는 사람, 주머니 모양의 잎, 건초 따위를 짐차에 던져 싣는 사람, 가벼운 철제 타구봉. reciprocation: 교환, 왕복 운동, 보복, 보답, 응수, 왕복운동, 대응, 되갚음, 고환.

regalement: 성찬, 향응, 산해진미, 대접, 성찬을 먹음. reserved: 보류한, 제한된, 예비의, 수줍은, 예약한, 지정의, 전세낸, 운명지어진, 말수가 적은, 사양하는, 수줍어하는. residue: 잔여, 잉여, 나머지, 잔류물, 찌꺼기, 잔여 재산, 잔재. self-command: 자제, 침착, 극기. trivial: 하찮은, 평범한, 보잘것 없는, 보통의, 하찮은 일, 진부한.

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to whites and blacks; excepting one bottle of cider, which Babo insisted upon setting aside for his master.% Here it may be observed that as, on the first visit of the boat, the American had not permitted his men to board the ship, neither did he now; being unwilling to add to the confusion of the decks. Not uninfluenced by the peculiar good-humor at present prevailing, and for the time oblivious of any but benevolent thoughts, Captain Delano, who, from recent indications, counted upon a breeze within an hour or two at furthest, dispatched the boat back to the sealer, with orders for all the hands that could be spared immediately to set about rafting casks to the watering-place and filling them. Likewise he bade word be carried to his chief officer, that if, against present expectation, the ship was not brought to anchor by sunset, he need be under no concern; for as there was to be a full moon that night, he (Captain Delano) would remain on board ready to play the pilot, come the wind soon or late. As the two Captains stood together, observing the departing boat—the servant, as it happened, having just spied a spot on his master’s velvet sleeve, and silently engaged rubbing it out—the American expressed his regrets that the San Dominick had no boats; none, at least, but the unseaworthy old hulk of the long-boat, which, warped as a camel’s skeleton in the desert, and almost as bleached, lay pot-wise inverted amidships, one side a little tipped, furnishing a subterraneous sort of den for family groups of the blacks, mostly women and small children; who, squatting on old mats below, or perched above in the dark dome, on the elevated seats, were descried, some distance within, like a social circle of bats, sheltering in some friendly cave; at intervals, ebon flights of naked boys and girls, three or four years old, darting in and out of the den’s mouth. “Had you three or four boats now, Don Benito,” said Captain Delano, “I think that, by tugging at the oars, your negroes here might help along matters some. Did you sail from port without boats, Don Benito?” “They were stove in the gales, Señor.”

Korean amidships: 배의 한가운데에서, 중앙에, 배 복판에. bats: 머리가 돈. bleached: 표백한. dome: 둥근꼭대기, 둥근천정, 반구형의것, 머리, 둥근 천장, 둥근 지붕 모양의 물건, 비면, 웅장한 건물. ebon: 흑단 흑단의, 칠흙의, 흑단으로 만든. elevated: 고상한, 높은, 쾌활한, 거나한, 의기 양양한, 한잔하여

기분이 좋은. furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구, 가구의 설비, 가구. hulk: 폐함, 멋없이 큰배, 노후선, 폐선, 덩치가 큰 남자. inverted: 동성애의, 반대의, 반전된, 성도착의, 역으로 한, 역의, 성욕 도착의. observing: 관찰력이 예리한, 관측적인, 주의깆은. rafting: 쟁기질을 하여 밭이랑을

만들기. rubbing: 마사지, 마찰, 탁본, 안마, 연마, 문지름, 탑본, 비명 따위의 탑본, 문지르기. subterraneous: 지하의 지하의 사람, 지하의. uninfluenced: 감화되지 않은, 공평한, 영향을 받지 않은, 편견 없는. unseaworthy: 내항력이 없는, 항해에 견디지 못하는, 항해에 적합하지 않은.

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“That was bad. Many men, too, you lost then. Boats and men. Those must have been hard gales, Don Benito.” “Past all speech,” cringed the Spaniard.% “Tell me, Don Benito,” continued his companion with increased interest, “tell me, were these gales immediately off the pitch of Cape Horn?” “Cape Horn?—who spoke of Cape Horn?” “Yourself did, when giving me an account of your voyage,” answered Captain Delano, with almost equal astonishment at this eating of his own words, even as he ever seemed eating his own heart, on the part of the Spaniard. “You yourself, Don Benito, spoke of Cape Horn,” he emphatically repeated. The Spaniard turned, in a sort of stooping posture, pausing an instant, as one about to make a plunging exchange of elements, as from air to water. At this moment a messenger-boy, a white, hurried by, in the regular performance of his function carrying the last expired half hour forward to the forecastle, from the cabin time-piece, to have it struck at the ship’s large bell. “Master,” said the servant, discontinuing his work on the coat sleeve, and addressing the rapt Spaniard with a sort of timid apprehensiveness, as one charged with a duty, the discharge of which, it was foreseen, would prove irksome to the very person who had imposed it, and for whose benefit it was intended, “master told me never mind where he was, or how engaged, always to remind him to a minute, when shaving-time comes. Miguel has gone to strike the half-hour afternoon. It is now, master. Will master go into the cuddy?” “Ah—yes,” answered the Spaniard, starting, as from dreams into realities; then turning upon Captain Delano, he said that ere long he would resume the conversation. “Then if master means to talk more to Don Amasa,” said the servant, “why not let Don Amasa sit by master in the cuddy, and master can talk, and Don Amasa can listen, while Babo here lathers and strops.” “Yes,” said Captain Delano, not unpleased with this sociable plan, “yes, Don Benito, unless you had rather not, I will go with you.”

Korean cabin: 선실, 가두다, 개빈, 오두막집신호소, 선실 따위여객기의 객실, 오두막, 오두막집에서 살다, 거주 부분, 캐빈, 오두막집. cuddy: 작은 방, 선실겸 요리실, 작은 선실, 당나귀, 식기실, 식당겸 사교실, 얼간이, 찬장. discharge: 발사하다, 방전, 방출하다, 이행하다, 방전하다, 해임, 짐을부리다, 번지다, 해고, 해고하다, 발사.

emphatically: 강하게, 단호히, 전혀. instant: 순간, 절박한, 즉시, 즉각의, 긴급한, 즉석의, 즉각, 즉석식의, 인스턴트식품, 인스턴트커피, 이달의. irksome: 지루한, 성가신, 넌더리나는, 진저리나는. plunging: 내려쏘는, 뛰어드는. rapt: 열중한, 황홀한, 빼앗긴, 골몰한, 열심인, 황홀해 있는, 몰두한, 마음을 빼앗긴, 넋을 빼앗긴, 골똘한. remind: 생각나게 하다, 상기시키다,

깨우치다, 생각나게하다, 일깨우다. resume: 요약하다, 다시 시작하다, 되찾다, 개요, 적요, 다시 차지하다, 회복하다, 이력서, 다시 계속하다, 계속하다, 재점유하다. sleeve: 소매, 을 몰래 준비하다, 소매를 달다, 소매자락, 슬리브관, 커버. struck: 파업으로 폐쇄된. timid: 겁많은, 수줍어하는, 머뭇거리는.

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“Be it so, Señor.” As the three passed aft, the American could not but think it another strange instance of his host’s capriciousness, this being shaved with such uncommon punctuality in the middle of the day. But he deemed it more than likely that the servant’s anxious fidelity had something to do with the matter; inasmuch as the timely interruption served to rally his master from the mood which had evidently been coming upon him.% The place called the cuddy was a light deck-cabin formed by the poop, a sort of attic to the large cabin below. Part of it had formerly been the quarters of the officers; but since their death all the partitioning had been thrown down, and the whole interior converted into one spacious and airy marine hall; for absence of fine furniture and picturesque disarray of odd appurtenances, somewhat answering to the wide, cluttered hall of some eccentric bachelor-squire in the country, who hangs his shooting-jacket and tobacco-pouch on deer antlers, and keeps his fishing-rod, tongs, and walking-stick in the same corner. The similitude was heightened, if not originally suggested, by glimpses of the surrounding sea; since, in one aspect, the country and the ocean seem cousins-german. The floor of the cuddy was matted. Overhead, four or five old muskets were stuck into horizontal holes along the beams. On one side was a claw-footed old table lashed to the deck; a thumbed missal on it, and over it a small, meagre crucifix attached to the bulk-head. Under the table lay a dented cutlass or two, with a hacked harpoon, among some; melancholy old rigging, like a heap of poor friars’ girdles. There were also two long, sharp-ribbed settees of Malacca cane, black with age, and uncomfortable to look at as inquisitors’ racks, with a large, misshapen arm-chair, which, furnished with a rude barber’s crotch at the back, working with a screw, seemed some grotesque engine of torment. A flag locker was in one corner, open, exposing various colored bunting, some rolled up, others half unrolled, still others tumbled. Opposite was a cumbrous washstand, of black mahogany, all of one block, with a pedestal, like a font, and over it a railed shelf, containing combs, brushes, and other implements of the

Korean bunting: 기, 기 만드는 천, 멧새의무리, 후드 달린 따듯한 포대기, 엷은 깃발천, 멧새 무리, 깃발천. colored: 유색의, 색의, 흑인의, 문장을 꾸민, 착색한, 채색되어 있는, 채색한, 겉치레의, 편견이 있는, 윤색한, 과장한. crotch: 가랑이, 아귀, 손샅, 갈래, 까치발. crucifix: 십자 현수, 십자가,

십자가예수상, 큰시련, 모진박해, 그리수도 수난상, 그리스도 수난상, 십자 매달리기. cumbrous: 성가신, 장애가 되는, 방해되는, 컴브리아의. cutlass: 단검, 몸이 휜 단도. disarray: 난잡, 벌거벗기다, 흐트러지다, 옷을 벗기다, 어지럽히다, 혼란. harpoon: 작살. missal: 미사전서, 미사 전서.

misshapen: 기형의, 보기 흉한. pedestal: 기초, 주춧대, 대좌, 근저, 대에 올려 놓다, 대좌위에 올려 놓다, 받침대, 축받이, 흉상 따위의 받침대. punctuality: 시간 엄수, 꼼꼼함, 기한을 어기지 않음. similitude: 비교, 외모, 유사, 비슷함, 직유. tongs: 집게, 부젓가락, 화젓가락. walking-stick: 단장. washstand: 세면대, 세차자.

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toilet. A torn hammock of stained grass swung near; the sheets tossed, and the pillow wrinkled up like a brow, as if who ever slept here slept but illy, with alternate visitations of sad thoughts and bad dreams.% The further extremity of the cuddy, overhanging the ship’s stern, was pierced with three openings, windows or port-holes, according as men or cannon might peer, socially or unsocially, out of them. At present neither men nor cannon were seen, though huge ring-bolts and other rusty iron fixtures of the wood-work hinted of twenty-four-pounders. Glancing towards the hammock as he entered, Captain Delano said, “You sleep here, Don Benito?” “Yes, Señor, since we got into mild weather.” “This seems a sort of dormitory, sitting-room, sail-loft, chapel, armory, and private closet all together, Don Benito,” added Captain Delano, looking round. “Yes, Señor; events have not been favorable to much order in my arrangements.” Here the servant, napkin on arm, made a motion as if waiting his master’s good pleasure. Don Benito signified his readiness, when, seating him in the Malacca arm-chair, and for the guest’s convenience drawing opposite one of the settees, the servant commenced operations by throwing back his master’s collar and loosening his cravat. There is something in the negro which, in a peculiar way, fits him for avocations about one’s person. Most negroes are natural valets and hair-dressers; taking to the comb and brush congenially as to the castinets, and flourishing them apparently with almost equal satisfaction. There is, too, a smooth tact about them in this employment, with a marvelous, noiseless, gliding briskness, not ungraceful in its way, singularly pleasing to behold, and still more so to be the manipulated subject of. And above all is the great gift of good-humor. Not the mere grin or laugh is here meant. Those were unsuitable. But a certain easy cheerfulness, harmonious in every glance and gesture; as though God had set the whole negro to some pleasant tune.

Korean armory: 문장학, 병기고, 병기공장, 병기류, 주병 부대 본부, 무구, 문장. cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것. closet: 벽장, 사실, 비밀의, 변소, 작은 방, 비실제적인, 변기, 밀담시키다, 들어박히다, 들어박혀 있다, 다락장. congenially: 같은 성질로, 적합하게. cravat: 넥타이, 삼각건, 크러뱃, 목도리. dormitory: 기숙사, 교외택지, 교외 주택지.

flourishing: 번영하는, 무성하는, 좌석의 배치, 승마자세, 의자의 융성하는, 무성한, 융성한, 무성하는 씌우개의 재료, 좌석배치, 수용 능력, 것. 승마의 앉음새, 의자의 속의 재료, hammock: 해먹. 의자의 씌우ㅐ의 재료. harmonious: 조화된, 화목한, 의좋은, tact: 재치, 촉감, 요령, 솜씨, 재주, 가락이 맞는, 균형잡힌, 화성의. 박자. marvelous: 훌륭한, 놀라운, 괴이쩍은, ungraceful: 우아하지 않은, 아취가 불가사이한, 이상한. 없는, 미련스러운, 꼴사나운, napkin: 냅킨, 기저귀, 손수건, 버릇없는, 볼품 없는, 예의 없는, 냅킨으로 싸다, 생리용 냅킨. 천한. seating: 착석, 좌석, 승마의 자세, wrinkled: 주름진, 주름살지는.

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When to this is added the docility arising from the unaspiring contentment of a limited mind and that susceptibility of blind attachment sometimes inhering in indisputable inferiors, one readily perceives why those hypochondriacs, Johnson and Byron—it may be, something like the hypochondriac Benito Cereno—took to their hearts, almost to the exclusion of the entire white race, their serving men, the negroes, Barber and Fletcher. But if there be that in the negro which exempts him from the inflicted sourness of the morbid or cynical mind, how, in his most prepossessing aspects, must he appear to a benevolent one? When at ease with respect to exterior things, Captain Delano’s nature was not only benign, but familiarly and humorously so. At home, he had often taken rare satisfaction in sitting in his door, watching some free man of color at his work or play. If on a voyage he chanced to have a black sailor, invariably he was on chatty and half-gamesome terms with him. In fact, like most men of a good, blithe heart, Captain Delano took to negroes, not philanthropically, but genially, just as other men to Newfoundland dogs.% Hitherto, the circumstances in which he found the San Dominick had repressed the tendency. But in the cuddy, relieved from his former uneasiness, and, for various reasons, more sociably inclined than at any previous period of the day, and seeing the colored servant, napkin on arm, so debonair about his master, in a business so familiar as that of shaving, too, all his old weakness for negroes returned. Among other things, he was amused with an odd instance of the African love of bright colors and fine shows, in the black’s informally taking from the flaglocker a great piece of bunting of all hues, and lavishly tucking it under his master’s chin for an apron. The mode of shaving among the Spaniards is a little different from what it is with other nations. They have a basin, specifically called a barber’s basin, which on one side is scooped out, so as accurately to receive the chin, against which it is closely held in lathering; which is done, not with a brush, but with soap dipped in the water of the basin and rubbed on the face.

Korean chatty: 수다스러운, 터놓은, 허물없는, 지껄이기 좋아하는, 이야기를 좋아하는, 기탄없는. color: 색, 안색, 군기, 개성, 착색, 채색하다, 입장, 물들다, 윤색하다, 빛깔, 얼굴을 붉히다. contentment: 만족, 흡족해함, 만족함. debonair: 사근사근한, 점잖고 쾌활한, 사근사근하는 것. genially: 친절하게, 상냥스럽게, 싹싹하게.

humorously: 익살스럽게. indisputable: 명백한, 논의의 여지가 없 는, 의논의 여지가 없는, 다툴 여지가 없는. inferiors: 하위의. informally: 비공식의, 약식의, 형식에 구애되지 않고, 약식으로, 로, 격식을 차리지 않는, 비공식으로. lavishly: 풍부한, 아낌없이 주다, 손이 큰, 낭비적인. prepossessing: 호감을 갖게하는,

귀염서 있는, 귀염성 있는. repressed: 억압된. shaving: 깎아낸 부스러기, 면도함, 대팻밥, 깎음, 면도, 수염을 밀기. sociably: 상냥하게, 사교적으로. sourness: 시큼함, 심술궂음, 음침함, 찌무룩함, 까다로움. susceptibility: 감정, 감수성, 느끼기 쉬운 상태, 자화율, 느끼기 쉬운 성질. unaspiring: 향상심 없는, 공명심 없는, 현상에 만족하고 있는.

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In the present instance salt-water was used for lack of better; and the parts lathered were only the upper lip, and low down under the throat, all the rest being cultivated beard.% The preliminaries being somewhat novel to Captain Delano, he sat curiously eying them, so that no conversation took place, nor, for the present, did Don Benito appear disposed to renew any. Setting down his basin, the negro searched among the razors, as for the sharpest, and having found it, gave it an additional edge by expertly strapping it on the firm, smooth, oily skin of his open palm; he then made a gesture as if to begin, but midway stood suspended for an instant, one hand elevating the razor, the other professionally dabbling among the bubbling suds on the Spaniard’s lank neck. Not unaffected by the close sight of the gleaming steel, Don Benito nervously shuddered; his usual ghastliness was heightened by the lather, which lather, again, was intensified in its hue by the contrasting sootiness of the negro’s body. Altogether the scene was somewhat peculiar, at least to Captain Delano, nor, as he saw the two thus postured, could he resist the vagary, that in the black he saw a headsman, and in the white a man at the block. But this was one of those antic conceits, appearing and vanishing in a breath, from which, perhaps, the best regulated mind is not always free. Meantime the agitation of the Spaniard had a little loosened the bunting from around him, so that one broad fold swept curtain-like over, the chair-arm to the floor, revealing, amid a profusion of armorial bars and ground-colors—black, blue, and yellow—a closed castle in a blood red field diagonal with a lion rampant in a white. “The castle and the lion,” exclaimed Captain Delano—”why, Don Benito, this is the flag of Spain you use here. It’s well it’s only I, and not the King, that sees this,” he added, with a smile, “but”—turning towards the black—”it’s all one, I suppose, so the colors be gay;” which playful remark did not fail somewhat to tickle the negro.

Korean antic: 이상한, 야릇한, 기괴한익살맞은 짓, 익살떨다, 어릿광대익살떨다, 어릿광대, 기괴한 짓, 익살맞은 행동, 익살스러운 몸짓. expertly: 잘, 교묘하게, 능숙하게. headsman: 망나니, 목베는사람, 목베는 사람, 포경선의 지휘자. hue: 색조, 빛깔, 색상, 고함, 외침소리, 비난의 소리, 색채, 고함소리, 특색. lank: 호리호리한, 야윈, 곱슬곱슬하지 않은, 여윈.

lather: 비누거품, 땀투성이가 되다, 외 만드는 사람, 후려갈기다, 에 비누 거품을 칠하다, 비누가 거품이 일다, 거품이 일다, 비누 거품. oily: 기름의, 기름바른, 유질의, 말솜씨가 좋은, 입에 발린, 유성의. profusion: 풍부, 대량, 낭비, 활수. rampant: 만연하는, 뒷발로 일어선, 유행하는, 맹렬한, 자유분방한, 사나운, 분방한, 뒷발로선, 마구 퍼지는, 질병 따위가 유행하는, 특히

사자가 뒷발로 일어선. sootiness: 검댕투성이. strapping: 반창고, 채찍질, 몸집이 큰, 매질, 가죽끈 재료, 키크고 튼튼한. suds: 비눗물, 거품. tickle: 간질이다, 가볍게 대다, 즐겁게 하다, 재미나게하다, 손으로 잡다, 간질이기, 간질거리다, 간지러움, 간지럽다, 간질간질하다, 간지럼. vagary: 변덕, 색다른 생각, 취광, 엉뚱한 생각, 엉뚱한 짓.

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“Now, master,” he said, readjusting the flag, and pressing the head gently further back into the crotch of the chair; “now, master,” and the steel glanced nigh the throat.% Again Don Benito faintly shuddered. “You must not shake so, master. See, Don Amasa, master always shakes when I shave him. And yet master knows I never yet have drawn blood, though it’s true, if master will shake so, I may some of these times. Now master,” he continued. “And now, Don Amasa, please go on with your talk about the gale, and all that; master can hear, and, between times, master can answer.” “Ah yes, these gales,” said Captain Delano; “but the more I think of your voyage, Don Benito, the more I wonder, not at the gales, terrible as they must have been, but at the disastrous interval following them. For here, by your account, have you been these two months and more getting from Cape Horn to St. Maria, a distance which I myself, with a good wind, have sailed in a few days. True, you had calms, and long ones, but to be becalmed for two months, that is, at least, unusual. Why, Don Benito, had almost any other gentleman told me such a story, I should have been half disposed to a little incredulity.” Here an involuntary expression came over the Spaniard, similar to that just before on the deck, and whether it was the start he gave, or a sudden gawky roll of the hull in the calm, or a momentary unsteadiness of the servant’s hand, however it was, just then the razor drew blood, spots of which stained the creamy lather under the throat: immediately the black barber drew back his steel, and, remaining in his professional attitude, back to Captain Delano, and face to Don Benito, held up the trickling razor, saying, with a sort of half humorous sorrow, “See, master—you shook so—here’s Babo’s first blood.” No sword drawn before James the First of England, no assassination in that timid King’s presence, could have produced a more terrified aspect than was now presented by Don Benito. Poor fellow, thought Captain Delano, so nervous he can’t even bear the sight of barber’s blood; and this unstrung, sick man, is it credible that I should have imagined he meant to spill all my blood, who can’t endure the sight of one little

Korean assassination: 암살. barber: 이발사, 이발하다, 수염을 깍다, 이발업을 하다, 수염을 깎다. creamy: 크림색의, 크림 모양의, 크림을 함유한, 크림모양의, 반들반들하고 말랑말랑한, 크림이 많은. credible: 신용할 수 있는, 확실한, 믿을 만한 소식통에서, 신용할수있는, 신뢰할 수 있는. disastrous: 비참한, 재해의.

disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할 스쳐지나가다, 깎음, 깎은 부스러기, 생각이 있는. 깎는 연장, 수염을 깎다, 엷게 자르다, endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다, 겪다, 스치다. 인내하다, 받다, 받다-인내하다, sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈, 허용하다. 슬퍼보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회, gawky: 멍청한, 얼빠진, 얼뜨기의, 고생. 멍청이, 데퉁스러운 얼뜨기, 덜된, spill: 불쏘시개, 엎질러지다, 흘리다, 수줍은. 엎지르다, 누설하다, 점화용 심지, razor: 면도칼, 면도기, 에 면도칼을 전락, 지저깨비, 지껄이다, 을 대다. 흩뿌리다, 엎질러짐. shave: 깎다, 면도, 면도하다, 밀다, unsteadiness: 미덥지 못함, 불안정함.

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drop of his own? Surely, Amasa Delano, you have been beside yourself this day. Tell it not when you get home, sappy Amasa. Well, well, he looks like a murderer, doesn’t he? More like as if himself were to be done for. Well, well, this day’s experience shall be a good lesson.% Meantime, while these things were running through the honest seaman’s mind, the servant had taken the napkin from his arm, and to Don Benito had said—”But answer Don Amasa, please, master, while I wipe this ugly stuff off the razor, and strop it again.” As he said the words, his face was turned half round, so as to be alike visible to the Spaniard and the American, and seemed, by its expression, to hint, that he was desirous, by getting his master to go on with the conversation, considerately to withdraw his attention from the recent annoying accident. As if glad to snatch the offered relief, Don Benito resumed, rehearsing to Captain Delano, that not only were the calms of unusual duration, but the ship had fallen in with obstinate currents; and other things he added, some of which were but repetitions of former statements, to explain how it came to pass that the passage from Cape Horn to St. Maria had been so exceedingly long; now and then, mingling with his words, incidental praises, less qualified than before, to the blacks, for their general good conduct. These particulars were not given consecutively, the servant, at convenient times, using his razor, and so, between the intervals of shaving, the story and panegyric went on with more than usual huskiness. To Captain Delano’s imagination, now again not wholly at rest, there was something so hollow in the Spaniard’s manner, with apparently some reciprocal hollowness in the servant’s dusky comment of silence, that the idea flashed across him, that possibly master and man, for some unknown purpose, were acting out, both in word and deed, nay, to the very tremor of Don Benito’s limbs, some juggling play before him. Neither did the suspicion of collusion lack apparent support, from the fact of those whispered conferences before mentioned. But then, what could be the object of enacting this play of the barber before him? At last, regarding the notion as a whimsy, insensibly suggested,

Korean annoying: 성가신, 귀찮은, 괴롭히는, 지겨운, 귀찮게하는. collusion: 공모, 통모, 결탁. consecutively: 연속적으로, 일관되게. considerately: 사려깊게. desirous: 원하는, 바라는. dusky: 거무스름한, 어스레한, 음울한. enacting: 제정의. exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우, 굉장히. hollow: 구멍, 우묵한 곳, 공허한,

골짜기, 거짓의, 도려내다, 속이 텅빈, 우묵 들어가다, 힘없는, 우묵 들어간, 공복의. hollowness: 우묵함, 속이 비어 있음. murderer: 살인자, 모살자. panegyric: 칭찬의 연설, 찬사, 격찬, 칭송하는 글, 칭송하는 연설, 칭찬의. reciprocal: 역수, 상호의, 역의, 호혜적인, 상반하는, 상호간의, 반수, 상반되게, 상반의, 상보물, 호혜적으로.

sappy: 수액이 많은, 싱싱한, 기운 좋은, 어리석은, 감상적인, 멍청한, 바보, 활기에 찬. strop: 혁지, 가죽, 숫돌, 띠줄, 혁지에 갈다. whimsy: 변덕, 기발한 말, 일시적 기분, 별난 것을 좋아함, 기발한 행동, 색다름. wipe: 훔치다, 손수건, 훔치기, 닦다, 닦기, 닦아내다, 한번 닦기, 비비다, 빼다, 닦음, 주먹다짐.

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perhaps, by the theatrical aspect of Don Benito in his harlequin ensign, Captain Delano speedily banished it.% The shaving over, the servant bestirred himself with a small bottle of scented waters, pouring a few drops on the head, and then diligently rubbing; the vehemence of the exercise causing the muscles of his face to twitch rather strangely. His next operation was with comb, scissors, and brush; going round and round, smoothing a curl here, clipping an unruly whisker-hair there, giving a graceful sweep to the temple-lock, with other impromptu touches evincing the hand of a master; while, like any resigned gentleman in barber’s hands, Don Benito bore all, much less uneasily, at least than he had done the razoring; indeed, he sat so pale and rigid now, that the negro seemed a Nubian sculptor finishing off a white statue-head. All being over at last, the standard of Spain removed, tumbled up, and tossed back into the flag-locker, the negro’s warm breath blowing away any stray hair, which might have lodged down his master’s neck; collar and cravat readjusted; a speck of lint whisked off the velvet lapel; all this being done; backing off a little space, and pausing with an expression of subdued self-complacency, the servant for a moment surveyed his master, as, in toilet at least, the creature of his own tasteful hands. Captain Delano playfully complimented him upon his achievement; at the same time congratulating Don Benito. But neither sweet waters, nor shampooing, nor fidelity, nor sociality, delighted the Spaniard. Seeing him relapsing into forbidding gloom, and still remaining seated, Captain Delano, thinking that his presence was undesired just then, withdrew, on pretense of seeing whether, as he had prophesied, any signs of a breeze were visible. Walking forward to the main-mast, he stood awhile thinking over the scene, and not without some undefined misgivings, when he heard a noise near the cuddy, and turning, saw the negro, his hand to his cheek. Advancing, Captain

Korean clipping: 빠른, 가위로 벰, 생략, 오려낸 것, 깎는, 굉장한, 클리핑, 잡보난, 자르는, 신문 따위의 오려낸 것, 베는. diligently: 부지런히, 애써, 근면하게, 부지런하게, 열심히. ensign: 기수, 국기, 군기, 기장, 기. fidelity: 충실도, 충실, 엄수, 정확함, 성실, 원 물건과 꼭같음, 정절. harlequin: 어릿광대, 어릿광대역, 할리퀸, 광대.

impromptu: 즉흥곡, 즉석에서, 즉흥적인, 즉석에서의, 즉흥적으로, 준비없이의, 즉석 연설, 준비없이, 즉석연설즉흥시, 즉석의 연설, 임시변통으로. lapel: 접어젖힌 옷깃, 접은 옷깃. lint: 린트천, 실보무라기. playfully: 쾌활하게, 농담으로, 명랑하게. scented: 햐수룰 뿌린, 향료가 든. sculptor: 조각가.

self-complacency: 자기 만족. tasteful: 풍아한, 품위있는, 풍류있는, 취미가 고상한, 멋을 아는, 풍류를 아는. twitch: 씰룩씰룩 움직이다, 홱 잡아 당기다, 꼬집다, 경련, 씰룩거리다, 코 비트는 기구, 홱 잡아당김. undefined: 확정되지 않은, 정의가 내려지지 않은. undesired: 부탁하지 않은, 바라지않은.

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Delano perceived that the cheek was bleeding. He was about to ask the cause, when the negro’s wailing soliloquy enlightened him.% “Ah, when will master get better from his sickness; only the sour heart that sour sickness breeds made him serve Babo so; cutting Babo with the razor, because, only by accident, Babo had given master one little scratch; and for the first time in so many a day, too. Ah, ah, ah,” holding his hand to his face. Is it possible, thought Captain Delano; was it to wreak in private his Spanish spite against this poor friend of his, that Don Benito, by his sullen manner, impelled me to withdraw? Ah this slavery breeds ugly passions in man.—Poor fellow! He was about to speak in sympathy to the negro, but with a timid reluctance he now re-entered the cuddy. Presently master and man came forth; Don Benito leaning on his servant as if nothing had happened. But a sort of love-quarrel, after all, thought Captain Delano. He accosted Don Benito, and they slowly walked together. They had gone but a few paces, when the steward—a tall, rajah-looking mulatto, orientally set off with a pagoda turban formed by three or four Madras handkerchiefs wound about his head, tier on tier—approaching with a saalam, announced lunch in the cabin. On their way thither, the two captains were preceded by the mulatto, who, turning round as he advanced, with continual smiles and bows, ushered them on, a display of elegance which quite completed the insignificance of the small bareheaded Babo, who, as if not unconscious of inferiority, eyed askance the graceful steward. But in part, Captain Delano imputed his jealous watchfulness to that peculiar feeling which the full-blooded African entertains for the adulterated one. As for the steward, his manner, if not bespeaking much dignity of self-respect, yet evidenced his extreme desire to please; which is doubly meritorious, as at once Christian and Chesterfieldian.

Korean adulterated: 불순한, 섞음질을 한, 순도가 법정 기준에 반지 않는. askance: 비스듬히, 옆으로, 으심쩍게 보다, 비스듬듬히, 모으로. doubly: 두 곱으로, 이중으로, 일구이언으로, 두 배로. full-blooded: 다혈질의, 순혈종의. graceful: 우미한, 우아한. inferiority: 열등, 하급, 하위, 조악, 열세. insignificance: 무의미한, 하찮음,

하찮은, 일, 사소한, 대수롭지 않은, 무가치, 비천한신분. leaning: 경향, 경사, 기호. meritorious: 가치 있는, 공적 있는, 칭찬할 만한, 공훈 있는. pagoda: 탑, 담배 따위를 파는 파고다 모양으로 꾸민 상점, 동양풍의 탑, 신문 따위를 파는 파고다 모양으로 꾸민 상점, 인도의 옛 금화, 파고다 모양으로 꾸민 상점. self-respect: 자존심, 자존이 있는,

자존. soliloquy: 혼잣말, 혼잣말하다, 독백, 혼잣말하기. spite: 악의, 원한, 앙심으로, 에 짓궂게 굴다, 을 돌보지 않고, 에도 불구하고, 짓궂게 굴다, 앙갚음하다. turban: 터번, 터번형의 부인 모자, 터번식 모자. watchfulness: 신중, 경계, 신중성. wreak: 가하다, 내다, 터뜨리다, 복수하다.

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Captain Delano observed with interest that while the complexion of the mulatto was hybrid, his physiognomy was European—classically so.% “Don Benito,” whispered he, “I am glad to see this usher-of-the-golden-rod of yours; the sight refutes an ugly remark once made to me by a Barbadoes planter; that when a mulatto has a regular European face, look out for him; he is a devil. But see, your steward here has features more regular than King George’s of England; and yet there he nods, and bows, and smiles; a king, indeed—the king of kind hearts and polite fellows. What a pleasant voice he has, too?” “He has, Señor.” “But tell me, has he not, so far as you have known him, always proved a good, worthy fellow?” said Captain Delano, pausing, while with a final genuflexion the steward disappeared into the cabin; “come, for the reason just mentioned, I am curious to know.” “Francesco is a good man,” a sort of sluggishly responded Don Benito, like a phlegmatic appreciator, who would neither find fault nor flatter. “Ah, I thought so. For it were strange, indeed, and not very creditable to us white-skins, if a little of our blood mixed with the African’s, should, far from improving the latter’s quality, have the sad effect of pouring vitriolic acid into black broth; improving the hue, perhaps, but not the wholesomeness.” “Doubtless, doubtless, Señor, but”—glancing at Babo—”not to speak of negroes, your planter’s remark I have heard applied to the Spanish and Indian intermixtures in our provinces. But I know nothing about the matter,” he listlessly added. And here they entered the cabin. The lunch was a frugal one. Some of Captain Delano’s fresh fish and pumpkins, biscuit and salt beef, the reserved bottle of cider, and the San Dominick’s last bottle of Canary. As they entered, Francesco, with two or three colored aids, was hovering over the table giving the last adjustments. Upon perceiving their master they withdrew, Francesco making a smiling congé, and the Spaniard, without

Korean appreciator: 감상자, 진가를 아는 사람. broth: 묽은수프, 묽은 수프. complexion: 안색, 외관, 형세, 모양, 양상, 형편, 혈색, 얼굴빛, 얼굴의 살갗. creditable: 명예가 되는, 칭찬할 만한, 신용할 만한, 신용할 수 있는, 명예성. flatter: 아첨하다, 알랑거리다, 기쁘게 하다, 실물보다 좋게 그리다, 우쭐케하다, 우쭐해지다, 즐겁게

하다, 실물 이상으로 좋게 나타내다, 우쭐하게 하다. frugal: 검소한, 알뜰한, 절약하는. genuflexion: 무릎 꿇음, 궤배. hybrid: 잡종, 잡종의, 혼성의, 튀기, 혼성물. listlessly: 의욕없이, 맥없이. phlegmatic: 점액질의, 냉담한, 둔감한, 가래가 많은, 담이 많은. physiognomy: 얼굴, 외형, 지상, 골상학, 인상학, 지형.

planter: 파종기, 재배자, 식민자, 심는사람, 농장 주인, 종장 주인, 십칠세기에 몰수지로 이민한 스코틀랜드 사람, 강 바닥에 깊이 박힌 나무, 심는 사람, 초기의 이민, 십칠세기에 몰수지로 이민한 잉글랜드 사람. sluggishly: 불경기인, 게으른, 활발치 못한, 게으름 피우는, 느린. vitriolic: 황산의, 신랄한, 황산같은, 황산으로 된, 황산염의.

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condescending to notice it, fastidiously remarking to his companion that he relished not superfluous attendance.% Without companions, host and guest sat down, like a childless married couple, at opposite ends of the table, Don Benito waving Captain Delano to his place, and, weak as he was, insisting upon that gentleman being seated before himself. The negro placed a rug under Don Benito’s feet, and a cushion behind his back, and then stood behind, not his master’s chair, but Captain Delano’s. At first, this a little surprised the latter. But it was soon evident that, in taking his position, the black was still true to his master; since by facing him he could the more readily anticipate his slightest want. “This is an uncommonly intelligent fellow of yours, Don Benito,” whispered Captain Delano across the table. “You say true, Señor.” During the repast, the guest again reverted to parts of Don Benito’s story, begging further particulars here and there. He inquired how it was that the scurvy and fever should have committed such wholesale havoc upon the whites, while destroying less than half of the blacks. As if this question reproduced the whole scene of plague before the Spaniard’s eyes, miserably reminding him of his solitude in a cabin where before he had had so many friends and officers round him, his hand shook, his face became hueless, broken words escaped; but directly the sane memory of the past seemed replaced by insane terrors of the present. With starting eyes he stared before him at vacancy. For nothing was to be seen but the hand of his servant pushing the Canary over towards him. At length a few sips served partially to restore him. He made random reference to the different constitution of races, enabling one to offer more resistance to certain maladies than another. The thought was new to his companion. Presently Captain Delano, intending to say something to his host concerning the pecuniary part of the business he had undertaken for him, especially—since he was strictly accountable to his owners—with reference to the new suit of sails, and other things of that sort; and naturally preferring to conduct such affairs in

Korean childless: 아이가 없는, 아이없는. condescending: 겸손한, 짐짓 겸손하게 구는, 생색을 내는 듯한, 생색을 부리는, 짐짓 겸손한 체 하는, 평민적인. cushion: 완충물, 쿠션, 쿠션 꼴을 한 것, 공기 쿠션, 가라앉히다, 허리띠에 대는 헝겊받침, 쿠션을 달다, 쿠션으로 받치다, 안석, 베이스, 방석. fastidiously: 괴팍스럽게, 까다롭게. havoc: 파괴, 황폐, 대대적으로

파괴하다, 큰 파란. insane: 미친, 제정신이 아닌, 미친 것 같은, 환장한 것 같은, 정신이상자를 위한, 광기의, 몰상식한, 광폭한, 발광한, 미친 듯한. intending: 미래의.지망하는. miserably: 비참하게, 불쌍하게, 형편없이, 비참할 만큼, 초라하게, 지독히. pecuniary: 금전의, 금전상의. repast: 식사, 식사량.

sane: 제정신의, 합리적인, 분별이 있는, 건전한. solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴 곳, 황야. superfluous: 여분의. uncommonly: 드물게, 매우, 진귀하게, 흔하지 않게. vacancy: 공허, 결원, 공석, 방심, 틈, 빈곳, 공백, 빈 자리, 빈자리, 공간, 빈터. whites: 백포 제품.

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private, was desirous that the servant should withdraw; imagining that Don Benito for a few minutes could dispense with his attendance. He, however, waited awhile; thinking that, as the conversation proceeded, Don Benito, without being prompted, would perceive the propriety of the step.% But it was otherwise. At last catching his host’s eye, Captain Delano, with a slight backward gesture of his thumb, whispered, “Don Benito, pardon me, but there is an interference with the full expression of what I have to say to you.” Upon this the Spaniard changed countenance; which was imputed to his resenting the hint, as in some way a reflection upon his servant. After a moment’s pause, he assured his guest that the black’s remaining with them could be of no disservice; because since losing his officers he had made Babo (whose original office, it now appeared, had been captain of the slaves) not only his constant attendant and companion, but in all things his confidant. After this, nothing more could be said; though, indeed, Captain Delano could hardly avoid some little tinge of irritation upon being left ungratified in so inconsiderable a wish, by one, too, for whom he intended such solid services. But it is only his querulousness, thought he; and so filling his glass he proceeded to business. The price of the sails and other matters was fixed upon. But while this was being done, the American observed that, though his original offer of assistance had been hailed with hectic animation, yet now when it was reduced to a business transaction, indifference and apathy were betrayed. Don Benito, in fact, appeared to submit to hearing the details more out of regard to common propriety, than from any impression that weighty benefit to himself and his voyage was involved. Soon, his manner became still more reserved. The effort was vain to seek to draw him into social talk. Gnawed by his splenetic mood, he sat twitching his beard, while to little purpose the hand of his servant, mute as that on the wall, slowly pushed over the Canary.

Korean animation: 생기, 활발, 원기, 만화영화제작, 동화. apathy: 무감동, 무관심, 낸담, 냉담. assistance: 원조, 참석자, 조력, 거듦. backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는, 뒤로의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의, 거꾸로, 발전이 늦은, 후방의, 후방으로, 퇴보하여. confidant: 절친한 친구, 친구, 심복. dispense: 조제하다, 특면하다, 면제하다, 분배하다, 실시하다, 시여

하다, 분배 하다. irritation: 자극, 염증, 성남, 아픔, disservice: 학대, 박해, 위해, 해. 짜증, 화냄, 짜증나게 함, 화, hectic: 소모열의, 결핵환자, 열광적인, 자극하는것, 짜증나는것, 성나게 함. 소모열, 얼굴이 불그레한, 몹시 tinge: 티, 물들이다, 가미하다, 기미, 흥분한, 소모성인, 흥분한. 엷은 색, 조금바꾸다, 엷게 착색하다, inconsiderable: 사소한, 중요치 않은, 기, 에 기미를 띠게 하다, 엷은 색조. 하찮은, 중요하지 않은. weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한, indifference: 무관심한, 중립, 무차별, 답답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진, 중성의, 대수롭지 않은, 냉담, 개의치 중대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케 않음, 시원치 않은, 중요치 않음, 하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 큰 공평한, 무관심. 세력 있는, 무게있는.

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Lunch being over, they sat down on the cushioned transom; the servant placing a pillow behind his master. The long continuance of the calm had now affected the atmosphere. Don Benito sighed heavily, as if for breath.% “Why not adjourn to the cuddy,” said Captain Delano; “there is more air there.” But the host sat silent and motionless. Meantime his servant knelt before him, with a large fan of feathers. And Francesco coming in on tiptoes, handed the negro a little cup of aromatic waters, with which at intervals he chafed his master’s brow; smoothing the hair along the temples as a nurse does a child’s. He spoke no word. He only rested his eye on his master’s, as if, amid all Don Benito’s distress, a little to refresh his spirit by the silent sight of fidelity. Presently the ship’s bell sounded two o’clock; and through the cabin windows a slight rippling of the sea was discerned; and from the desired direction. “There,” exclaimed Captain Delano, “I told you so, Don Benito, look!” He had risen to his feet, speaking in a very animated tone, with a view the more to rouse his companion. But though the crimson curtain of the sternwindow near him that moment fluttered against his pale cheek, Don Benito seemed to have even less welcome for the breeze than the calm. Poor fellow, thought Captain Delano, bitter experience has taught him that one ripple does not make a wind, any more than one swallow a summer. But he is mistaken for once. I will get his ship in for him, and prove it. Briefly alluding to his weak condition, he urged his host to remain quietly where he was, since he (Captain Delano) would with pleasure take upon himself the responsibility of making the best use of the wind. Upon gaining the deck, Captain Delano started at the unexpected figure of Atufal, monumentally fixed at the threshold, like one of those sculptured porters of black marble guarding the porches of Egyptian tombs. But this time the start was, perhaps, purely physical. Atufal’s presence, singularly attesting docility even in sullenness, was contrasted with that of the

Korean adjourn: 휴회하다, 연기하다, 회를 휴지하다, 산회하다, 폐회하다, 회의장을 옮기다, 회의를 연기하다. animated: 싱싱한, 기운찬, 살아있는, 생기가 있는. aromatic: 묘미있는, 향기로운. brow: 이마, 눈썹, 벼랑 꼭대기, 벼랑, 얼굴. continuance: 계속, 연속, 지속, 체류, 존속, 연기, 계속 기간. crimson: 진홍색의, 진홍색,

진홍색으로 하다, 진홍색이 되다, 일다, 파문, 웅성웅성하는 소리, 피비린내 나는, 새빨개지다, 삼바디, 물결모양, 잔 물결, 새빨갛게하다, 시뻘건, 물들이다. 잔물결소리, 찰랑찰랑, 파문을 guarding: 망보는 것. 일으키다. refresh: 원기를 회복하다, 새롭게하다, rouse: 각성, 격려하다, 새로 고침, 청산하게하다, 새 것 처럼 날아오르게하다, 일어나다, 술판, 만들다, 다시 활활 타게하다, 일으키다, 성나게 하다, 분발, 잠이 상쾌하게 하다, 새로이 공급하다, 깨다, 휘젓다, 고무하다. 원기를 회복시키다, 충전하다, sullenness: 부루퉁함, 우울함. 보급하다. transom: 가로대, 상인방, 고물보, ripple: 웨이브, 잔물결, 잔물결이 중간틀.

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hatchet-polishers, who in patience evinced their industry; while both spectacles showed, that lax as Don Benito’s general authority might be, still, whenever he chose to exert it, no man so savage or colossal but must, more or less, bow.% Snatching a trumpet which hung from the bulwarks, with a free step Captain Delano advanced to the forward edge of the poop, issuing his orders in his best Spanish. The few sailors and many negroes, all equally pleased, obediently set about heading the ship towards the harbor. While giving some directions about setting a lower stu’n’-sail, suddenly Captain Delano heard a voice faithfully repeating his orders. Turning, he saw Babo, now for the time acting, under the pilot, his original part of captain of the slaves. This assistance proved valuable. Tattered sails and warped yards were soon brought into some trim. And no brace or halyard was pulled but to the blithe songs of the inspirited negroes. Good fellows, thought Captain Delano, a little training would make fine sailors of them. Why see, the very women pull and sing too. These must be some of those Ashantee negresses that make such capital soldiers, I’ve heard. But who’s at the helm. I must have a good hand there. He went to see. The San Dominick steered with a cumbrous tiller, with large horizontal pullies attached. At each pully-end stood a subordinate black, and between them, at the tiller-head, the responsible post, a Spanish seaman, whose countenance evinced his due share in the general hopefulness and confidence at the coming of the breeze. He proved the same man who had behaved with so shame-faced an air on the windlass. “Ah,—it is you, my man,” exclaimed Captain Delano—”well, no more sheep’s-eyes now;—look straight forward and keep the ship so. Good hand, I trust? And want to get into the harbor, don’t you?” The man assented with an inward chuckle, grasping the tiller-head firmly. Upon this, unperceived by the American, the two blacks eyed the sailor intently.

Korean brace: 바지 멜빵, 죄다, 한 쌍, 지주, 버팀대, 기운을 내다, 거멀장, 긴장 시키다, 부목꺾쇠-버티다, 흥분제, 긴장시키다. chuckle: 킬킬 웃다, 킬킬 웃음, 싱글싱글 웃다, 싱그레 웃음, 만족해 하다, 만족의 미소를 짓다, 꼬꼬거리다, 꼬꼬, 고꼬 울다, 킬킬 웃는 소리, 킬킬 웃음의. faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히. grasping: 붙잡는, 쥐는, 잡는,

탐욕스러운, 구두쇠의, 남욕스러운. halyard: 마룻줄, 용층줄, 이어줄, 태클, 핼리어드, 당김줄. helm: 키, 자루, 지도, 지도하다, 키를 잡다, 의 키를 다루다, 지배권, 지배. intently: 골똘하게, 여념이 없는, 여념이 없이, 오로지, 지심의, 집중되어 있는. lax: 모호한, 느즈러진, 단정치 못한, 느슨한, 혀의 근육이 이완된, 해이해진, 장이 이완된, 이완된.

obediently: 유순하게, 효성스럽게. spectacles: 안경. tiller: 키의 손잡이, 경작자, 경운기, 새싹, 어린나무, 키 손잡이, 농부. trumpet: 트럼펫, 나팔, 나팔 같은 소리를 내다, 나팔 모양의 물건, 나팔 불다, 나팔형 확성기, 나팔로 알리다, 퍼뜨려 알리다, 소라고둥, 나팔을 휴대한 전령, 퍼뜨리다. unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치 채이지 않은.

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Finding all right at the helm, the pilot went forward to the forecastle, to see how matters stood there.% The ship now had way enough to breast the current. With the approach of evening, the breeze would be sure to freshen. Having done all that was needed for the present, Captain Delano, giving his last orders to the sailors, turned aft to report affairs to Don Benito in the cabin; perhaps additionally incited to rejoin him by the hope of snatching a moment’s private chat while the servant was engaged upon deck. From opposite sides, there were, beneath the poop, two approaches to the cabin; one further forward than the other, and consequently communicating with a longer passage. Marking the servant still above, Captain Delano, taking the nighest entrance—the one last named, and at whose porch Atufal still stood— hurried on his way, till, arrived at the cabin threshold, he paused an instant, a little to recover from his eagerness. Then, with the words of his intended business upon his lips, he entered. As he advanced toward the seated Spaniard, he heard another footstep, keeping time with his. From the opposite door, a salver in hand, the servant was likewise advancing. “Confound the faithful fellow,” thought Captain Delano; “what a vexatious coincidence.” Possibly, the vexation might have been something different, were it not for the brisk confidence inspired by the breeze. But even as it was, he felt a slight twinge, from a sudden indefinite association in his mind of Babo with Atufal. “Don Benito,” said he, “I give you joy; the breeze will hold, and will increase. By the way, your tall man and time-piece, Atufal, stands without. By your order, of course?” Don Benito recoiled, as if at some bland satirical touch, delivered with such adroit garnish of apparent good breeding as to present no handle for retort. He is like one flayed alive, thought Captain Delano; where may one touch him without causing a shrink?

Korean adroit: 교묘한. brisk: 활발한, 상쾌한, 활기있는, 기운찬, 민첩한, 팔팔한, 음료가 잘 이는, 거품이 잘 이는. confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다, 좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다, 곤혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케 하다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식, 제기랄 망할 자식. footstep: 발자국, 보폭, 걸음걸이, 발소리, 디딤대, 발자국 소리.

freshen: 새롭게하다, 신선하게 되다, 염분을없애다, 염분을 없애다, 이동시키다, 에서 소금기를 빼다, 소금기가 빠지다, 새로이 힘을 북돋우다, 새끼를 낳다. garnish: 문식, 고명, 장식, 장식하다, 고명을 곁들이다, 통고, 채권 차압 통고를 하다, 장식물. indefinite: 부정의, 명확하지 않은, 막연한, 애매한, 일정하지 않은, 한계 없는, 일정치 않은, 불명료한, 한계가

없는. retort: 레토르트, 역습, 보복하다, 대꾸하다, 레토르트로 건류하다, 말대꾸하다, 반박하다, 역습하다, 증류기, 보복, 말대꾸. salver: 쟁반, 둥근 쟁반. satirical: 빗대다, 비꼼, 풍자, 풍자시, 풍자하다. twinge: 쑤시는 듯한 아픔, 쑤시듯이 아프다, 쑤시고 아프게 하다, 쑤시고 아프다, 고통.

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The servant moved before his master, adjusting a cushion; recalled to civility, the Spaniard stiffly replied: “you are right. The slave appears where you saw him, according to my command; which is, that if at the given hour I am below, he must take his stand and abide my coming.” “Ah now, pardon me, but that is treating the poor fellow like an ex-king indeed. Ah, Don Benito,” smiling, “for all the license you permit in some things, I fear lest, at bottom, you are a bitter hard master.” Again Don Benito shrank; and this time, as the good sailor thought, from a genuine twinge of his conscience.% Again conversation became constrained. In vain Captain Delano called attention to the now perceptible motion of the keel gently cleaving the sea; with lack-lustre eye, Don Benito returned words few and reserved. By-and-by, the wind having steadily risen, and still blowing right into the harbor bore the San Dominick swiftly on. Sounding a point of land, the sealer at distance came into open view. Meantime Captain Delano had again repaired to the deck, remaining there some time. Having at last altered the ship’s course, so as to give the reef a wide berth, he returned for a few moments below. I will cheer up my poor friend, this time, thought he. “Better and better,” Don Benito, he cried as he blithely re-entered: “there will soon be an end to your cares, at least for awhile. For when, after a long, sad voyage, you know, the anchor drops into the haven, all its vast weight seems lifted from the captain’s heart. We are getting on famously, Don Benito. My ship is in sight. Look through this side-light here; there she is; all a-taunt-o! The Bachelor’s Delight, my good friend. Ah, how this wind braces one up. Come, you must take a cup of coffee with me this evening. My old steward will give you as fine a cup as ever any sultan tasted. What say you, Don Benito, will you?” At first, the Spaniard glanced feverishly up, casting a longing look towards the sealer, while with mute concern his servant gazed into his face. Suddenly the old ague of coldness returned, and dropping back to his cushions he was silent.

Korean abide: 지탱하다, 살다, 머무르다, 기다리다, 참고 견디다, 지속하다, 머물다, 달게 받다, 규칙을 엄수하다, 각오하고 기다리다, 따르다. blithely: 즐겁세, 쾌활하게, 부주의하게, 경솔하게. coldness: 냉담, 추위, 냉정, 차가움. constrained: 무리한, 강제적인, 갑갑한, 강제된, 거북살스러운, 압박당한. famously: 유명하게, 소문나게,

굉장하게, 뛰어나게. feverishly: 불안정하게, 열광적으로, 열나게. lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록, 하지나 않을까 하고. license: 방종, 면허하다, 면허, 방자, 감찰, 파격, 허가증, 인가, 인가하다, 승낙. longing: 갈망, 갈망하는, 사모, 고대, 고향을 몹시 그리워하고 있다, 그리움 갈망하는, 동경, 몹시 그리워하는.

sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로 잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는, 소리를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심, 조사, 측연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심 측량, 소리나는. stiffly: 뻣뻣하게, 완고하게, 완강하게, 단호하게, 딱딱하게. sultan: 술탄, 회교국군주, 스위트술탄, 술탄박새. voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를 건너가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기.

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“You do not answer. Come, all day you have been my host; would you have hospitality all on one side?” “I cannot go,” was the response.% “What? it will not fatigue you. The ships will lie together as near as they can, without swinging foul. It will be little more than stepping from deck to deck; which is but as from room to room. Come, come, you must not refuse me.” “I cannot go,” decisively and repulsively repeated Don Benito. Renouncing all but the last appearance of courtesy, with a sort of cadaverous sullenness, and biting his thin nails to the quick, he glanced, almost glared, at his guest, as if impatient that a stranger’s presence should interfere with the full indulgence of his morbid hour. Meantime the sound of the parted waters came more and more gurglingly and merrily in at the windows; as reproaching him for his dark spleen; as telling him that, sulk as he might, and go mad with it, nature cared not a jot; since, whose fault was it, pray? But the foul mood was now at its depth, as the fair wind at its height. There was something in the man so far beyond any mere unsociality or sourness previously evinced, that even the forbearing good-nature of his guest could no longer endure it. Wholly at a loss to account for such demeanor, and deeming sickness with eccentricity, however extreme, no adequate excuse, well satisfied, too, that nothing in his own conduct could justify it, Captain Delano’s pride began to be roused. Himself became reserved. But all seemed one to the Spaniard. Quitting him, therefore, Captain Delano once more went to the deck. The ship was now within less than two miles of the sealer. The whale-boat was seen darting over the interval. To be brief, the two vessels, thanks to the pilot’s skill, ere long neighborly style lay anchored together. Before returning to his own vessel, Captain Delano had intended communicating to Don Benito the smaller details of the proposed services to be rendered. But, as it was, unwilling anew to subject himself to rebuffs, he resolved, now that he had seen the San Dominick safely moored, immediately to quit her,

Korean anchored: 닻을 내린, 서로 가까이 더러운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다, 모여 있는. 꽉막힌, 악취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의, biting: 찌르는듯한, 물어 뜯는, 살을 엉클어지다. 에는 듯한, 날카로운. impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수 decisively: 결정적으로, 단호하게. 없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못 eccentricity: 별남, 괴벽, 이심률, 기행, 견디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는, 남다름. 조바심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 fatigue: 피로, 약화시키다, 사역, 노역, 못견디는. 금속의약화, 지치게 하다, 작업복, jot: 소량, 미소, 대강 적어두다, 공동 노동, 약화, 작업. 감시 소조, 극히 조금, 조금. foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다, merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게.

neighborly: 친절한, 이웃 사람다운, 이웃사람다운, 사귐성있는, 우호적인, 이웃 사람답게. parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜, 흐트러진, 갈라진. repulsively: 반발하는, 지긋지긋하게. spleen: 비장, 지라, 우울, 노여움, 언짢음, 원한, 의기소침, 기분이 언짢음. sulk: 부루퉁함, 시무룩해지다, 지르퉁함, 실쭉하기, 실쭉하다.

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without further allusion to hospitality or business. Indefinitely postponing his ulterior plans, he would regulate his future actions according to future circumstances. His boat was ready to receive him; but his host still tarried below. Well, thought Captain Delano, if he has little breeding, the more need to show mine. He descended to the cabin to bid a ceremonious, and, it may be, tacitly rebukeful adieu. But to his great satisfaction, Don Benito, as if he began to feel the weight of that treatment with which his slighted guest had, not indecorously, retaliated upon him, now supported by his servant, rose to his feet, and grasping Captain Delano’s hand, stood tremulous; too much agitated to speak. But the good augury hence drawn was suddenly dashed, by his resuming all his previous reserve, with augmented gloom, as, with half-averted eyes, he silently reseated himself on his cushions. With a corresponding return of his own chilled feelings, Captain Delano bowed and withdrew.% He was hardly midway in the narrow corridor, dim as a tunnel, leading from the cabin to the stairs, when a sound, as of the tolling for execution in some jailyard, fell on his ears. It was the echo of the ship’s flawed bell, striking the hour, drearily reverberated in this subterranean vault. Instantly, by a fatality not to be withstood, his mind, responsive to the portent, swarmed with superstitious suspicions. He paused. In images far swifter than these sentences, the minutest details of all his former distrusts swept through him. Hitherto, credulous good-nature had been too ready to furnish excuses for reasonable fears. Why was the Spaniard, so superfluously punctilious at times, now heedless of common propriety in not accompanying to the side his departing guest? Did indisposition forbid? Indisposition had not forbidden more irksome exertion that day. His last equivocal demeanor recurred. He had risen to his feet, grasped his guest’s hand, motioned toward his hat; then, in an instant, all was eclipsed in sinister muteness and gloom. Did this imply one brief, repentant relenting at the final moment, from some iniquitous plot, followed by remorseless return to it? His last glance seemed to express a calamitous, yet acquiescent farewell to Captain Delano forever. Why decline the invitation to visit the sealer that evening? Or was the Spaniard less hardened than the Jew,

Korean acquiescent: 묵묵히 따르는, 묵인하는, 잠자코 동의하는. adieu: 이별, 안녕, 작별 인사. augury: 전조, 점. credulous: 잘 믿는, 경솔히 잘 믿는데서 오는, 믿기쉬운, 속기쉬운, 경솔히 믿는 데서 오는. drearily: 쓸쓸하게, 적막하게, 음울하게, 황량하게. equivocal: 의심스러운, 두가지 뜻으로 해석될 수 있는, 명백하지 않은,

모호한, 확실치 않은, 미심스러운, 두 가지 뜻으로 해석되는. heedless: 부주의한, 경솔한. indecorously: 천덕스럽게, 버릇없게. iniquitous: 부정의, 사악한, 간악한, 부정한, 불법의. portent: 전조, 흉조, 불길한 일의 조짐, 중대한 일의 조짐, 조짐. punctilious: 형식을 차리는, 까다로운, 꼼꼼한, 쓸데없이 격식을 차리는, 격식을 차리는.

remorseless: 무자비한, 뉘우치지 않는, 무정한, 잔인한, 가차 없는, 냉혹한, 후회없는. repentant: 회개의, 후회를 나타내는, 후회하는, 후회하고 있는, 회오의, 개전의 정을 보이는, 참회의, 뉘우치는, 유감으로 여기는. tremulous: 떨리는, 전율하는, 겁많은, 떨린, 겁 많은. ulterior: 저쪽의, 금후의, 장래의, 뒤의, 마음 속의, 마음 의향 등.

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who refrained not from supping at the board of him whom the same night he meant to betray? What imported all those day-long enigmas and contradictions, except they were intended to mystify, preliminary to some stealthy blow? Atufal, the pretended rebel, but punctual shadow, that moment lurked by the threshold without. He seemed a sentry, and more. Who, by his own confession, had stationed him there? Was the negro now lying in wait? The Spaniard behind—his creature before: to rush from darkness to light was the involuntary choice.% The next moment, with clenched jaw and hand, he passed Atufal, and stood unharmed in the light. As he saw his trim ship lying peacefully at anchor, and almost within ordinary call; as he saw his household boat, with familiar faces in it, patiently rising and falling, on the short waves by the San Dominick’s side; and then, glancing about the decks where he stood, saw the oakum-pickers still gravely plying their fingers; and heard the low, buzzing whistle and industrious hum of the hatchet-polishers, still bestirring themselves over their endless occupation; and more than all, as he saw the benign aspect of nature, taking her innocent repose in the evening; the screened sun in the quiet camp of the west shining out like the mild light from Abraham’s tent; as charmed eye and ear took in all these, with the chained figure of the black, clenched jaw and hand relaxed. Once again he smiled at the phantoms which had mocked him, and felt something like a tinge of remorse, that, by harboring them even for a moment, he should, by implication, have betrayed an atheist doubt of the ever-watchful Providence above. There was a few minutes’ delay, while, in obedience to his orders, the boat was being hooked along to the gangway. During this interval, a sort of saddened satisfaction stole over Captain Delano, at thinking of the kindly offices he had that day discharged for a stranger. Ah, thought he, after good actions one’s conscience is never ungrateful, however much so the benefited party may be. Presently, his foot, in the first act of descent into the boat, pressed the first round of the side-ladder, his face presented inward upon the deck. In the same moment, he heard his name courteously sounded; and, to his pleased surprise,

Korean atheist: 무신론자, 무신앙자. benign: 온화한, 친절한, 인정많은, 양서의, 상냥한, 유순한, 인자한. buzzing: 윙윙거리는. confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서, 자인, 신앙고백, 구술서. courteously: 정중하게. gravely: 자갈을 깐, 귀에 거슬리는, 자갈이 많은, 자갈의. hooked: 갈고리 모양의, 훅이 달린, 마약 중독의, 고리가 달린, 갈고리

모양으로 구부러진. hum: 콧노래를 부르다, 우물우물 말하다, 윙울리다, 윙윙하다, 경기가 좋다, 나쁜 냄새가 나다, 입속에서 우물거리다, 윙윙거리다. imported: 수입품의. mystify: 신비화하다, 어리둥절하게 하다, 속이다, 어리둥절케 하다. obedience: 복종, 귀의, 교회의 권위, 지배. patiently: 끈기 있게.

pretended: 거짓의. punctual: 시간을 엄수하는, 기한을 잘 지키는, 시간을 잘 지키는. remorse: 양심의 가책, 후회, 연민, 회한, 자책, 자비. stealthy: 몰래 한, 비밀의, 남의 눈을 피하는. trim: 장식하다, 정돈하다, 손질, 목조부, 균형을 잡다, 균형, 복장, 기분, 깎아 버리다, 정된, 정돈된. unharmed: 무사한, 상하지 않은.

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saw Don Benito advancing—an unwonted energy in his air, as if, at the last moment, intent upon making amends for his recent discourtesy. With instinctive good feeling, Captain Delano, withdrawing his foot, turned and reciprocally advanced. As he did so, the Spaniard’s nervous eagerness increased, but his vital energy failed; so that, the better to support him, the servant, placing his master’s hand on his naked shoulder, and gently holding it there, formed himself into a sort of crutch.% When the two captains met, the Spaniard again fervently took the hand of the American, at the same time casting an earnest glance into his eyes, but, as before, too much overcome to speak. I have done him wrong, self-reproachfully thought Captain Delano; his apparent coldness has deceived me: in no instance has he meant to offend. Meantime, as if fearful that the continuance of the scene might too much unstring his master, the servant seemed anxious to terminate it. And so, still presenting himself as a crutch, and walking between the two captains, he advanced with them towards the gangway; while still, as if full of kindly contrition, Don Benito would not let go the hand of Captain Delano, but retained it in his, across the black’s body. Soon they were standing by the side, looking over into the boat, whose crew turned up their curious eyes. Waiting a moment for the Spaniard to relinquish his hold, the now embarrassed Captain Delano lifted his foot, to overstep the threshold of the open gangway; but still Don Benito would not let go his hand. And yet, with an agitated tone, he said, “I can go no further; here I must bid you adieu. Adieu, my dear, dear Don Amasa. Go—go!” suddenly tearing his hand loose, “go, and God guard you better than me, my best friend.” Not unaffected, Captain Delano would now have lingered; but catching the meekly admonitory eye of the servant, with a hasty farewell he descended into his boat, followed by the continual adieus of Don Benito, standing rooted in the gangway. Seating himself in the stern, Captain Delano, making a last salute, ordered the boat shoved off. The crew had their oars on end. The bowsmen pushed the

Korean admonitory: 권고하는, 설유하는, 훈계의, 경고하는. amends: 보상, 배상, 배상하다, 벌충, 보상하다. contrition: 뉘우침, 회오, 회한. crutch: 협장, 까치발, 목다리, 버팀목, 샅, 여자용 안장의 등자, 당목 모양의 지팡이, 고물의 팔꿈치꼴 버팀목, 목다리로 걷다, 크러치, 차주. discourtesy: 무례, 무례한 언행, 버릇없음.

fervently: 뜨겁게, 열렬하게, 열심히. meekly: 온순하게, 유화하게. offend: 싫은, 감정을 해치다, 죄를 범하다, 예의 따위를 위반하다, 죄를 짓게 하다, 정의감 따위를 손상시키다, 감정을 상하게 하다, 위반하다, 감각 따위를 손상시키다, 과오를 범하다, 남의 감정을 상하게 하다. overstep: 지나치다, 한도를 넘다, 지나쳐 가다.

reciprocally: 상호적으로, 서로. relinquish: 양도하다, 포기하다, 을 쥔 손을 늦추다, 그만두다, 손을 놓다, 놓아주다, 버리다, 떠나다, 기권하다. salute: 경례, 인사, 예포, 비치다, 받들어 총, 경례하다, 들리다, 들어오다, 에게 인사하다, 에게 경례하다, 시합전의 예의를 표하다. unstring: 실에서 뽑다, 약하게 하다, 의 줄을 벗기다, 긴장을 풀다, 현을 늦추다, 현을 풀다.

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boat a sufficient distance for the oars to be lengthwise dropped. The instant that was done, Don Benito sprang over the bulwarks, falling at the feet of Captain Delano; at the same time calling towards his ship, but in tones so frenzied, that none in the boat could understand him. But, as if not equally obtuse, three sailors, from three different and distant parts of the ship, splashed into the sea, swimming after their captain, as if intent upon his rescue.% The dismayed officer of the boat eagerly asked what this meant. To which, Captain Delano, turning a disdainful smile upon the unaccountable Spaniard, answered that, for his part, he neither knew nor cared; but it seemed as if Don Benito had taken it into his head to produce the impression among his people that the boat wanted to kidnap him. “Or else—give way for your lives,” he wildly added, starting at a clattering hubbub in the ship, above which rang the tocsin of the hatchet-polishers; and seizing Don Benito by the throat he added, “this plotting pirate means murder!” Here, in apparent verification of the words, the servant, a dagger in his hand, was seen on the rail overhead, poised, in the act of leaping, as if with desperate fidelity to befriend his master to the last; while, seemingly to aid the black, the three white sailors were trying to clamber into the hampered bow. Meantime, the whole host of negroes, as if inflamed at the sight of their jeopardized captain, impended in one sooty avalanche over the bulwarks. All this, with what preceded, and what followed, occurred with such involutions of rapidity, that past, present, and future seemed one. Seeing the negro coming, Captain Delano had flung the Spaniard aside, almost in the very act of clutching him, and, by the unconscious recoil, shifting his place, with arms thrown up, so promptly grappled the servant in his descent, that with dagger presented at Captain Delano’s heart, the black seemed of purpose to have leaped there as to his mark. But the weapon was wrenched away, and the assailant dashed down into the bottom of the boat, which now, with disentangled oars, began to speed through the sea. At this juncture, the left hand of Captain Delano, on one side, again clutched the half-reclined Don Benito, heedless that he was in a speechless faint, while his right-foot, on the other side, ground the prostrate negro; and his right arm

Korean assailant: 공격자, 공격의, 공격하는. avalanche: 쇄도하다, 눈사태, 쇄도, 눈이나산 사태나다, 사태, 눈이나 산사태나다. clamber: 기어 올라가다, 기어 올라감, 힘들여 기어 올라가다, 기어오르다. disdainful: 거만한, 경멸적인, 거드름 부리는. frenzied: 열광한, 격앙한, 격노한, 열광적인. juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기,

접합, 접속, 연접, 전기. kidnap: 채가다, 유괴하다, 유괴, 아이를 채가다. lengthwise: 세로의, 세로로, 긴. obtuse: 둔각의, 둔한, 머리가 둔한, 칼날이 무딘, 우둔한, 무딘, 각이 무딘, 둔감한. recoil: 뒷걸음질, 반동, 뒷걸음질치다, 되튀다, 위축, 되튀기, 진저리침, 공무니빼다, 혐오, 다시 감다, 퇴각하다.

seizing: 압류, 잡기, 동여맴, 동여매는 밧줄, 점유, 움켜짐, 꼭쥠, 빼앗음, 소유, 붙잡기. sooty: 거무스름한, 그을은, 그을음의, 그을음 빛갈의, 그을음투성이의, 그을음 같은, 그을음으로 더러워진, 그을음 빛깔의. speechless: 말을 못하는, 잠자코 있는, 말 못하는, 말문이 막힌, 말하지 않는, 이루 형언할 수 없는. tocsin: 경보, 경종.

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pressed for added speed on the after oar, his eye bent forward, encouraging his men to their utmost.% But here, the officer of the boat, who had at last succeeded in beating off the towing sailors, and was now, with face turned aft, assisting the bowsman at his oar, suddenly called to Captain Delano, to see what the black was about; while a Portuguese oarsman shouted to him to give heed to what the Spaniard was saying. Glancing down at his feet, Captain Delano saw the freed hand of the servant aiming with a second dagger—a small one, before concealed in his wool—with this he was snakishly writhing up from the boat’s bottom, at the heart of his master, his countenance lividly vindictive, expressing the centred purpose of his soul; while the Spaniard, half-choked, was vainly shrinking away, with husky words, incoherent to all but the Portuguese. That moment, across the long-benighted mind of Captain Delano, a flash of revelation swept, illuminating, in unanticipated clearness, his host’s whole mysterious demeanor, with every enigmatic event of the day, as well as the entire past voyage of the San Dominick. He smote Babo’s hand down, but his own heart smote him harder. With infinite pity he withdrew his hold from Don Benito. Not Captain Delano, but Don Benito, the black, in leaping into the boat, had intended to stab. Both the black’s hands were held, as, glancing up towards the San Dominick, Captain Delano, now with scales dropped from his eyes, saw the negroes, not in misrule, not in tumult, not as if frantically concerned for Don Benito, but with mask torn away, flourishing hatchets and knives, in ferocious piratical revolt. Like delirious black dervishes, the six Ashantees danced on the poop. Prevented by their foes from springing into the water, the Spanish boys were hurrying up to the topmost spars, while such of the few Spanish sailors, not already in the sea, less alert, were descried, helplessly mixed in, on deck, with the blacks. Meantime Captain Delano hailed his own vessel, ordering the ports up, and the guns run out. But by this time the cable of the San Dominick had been cut; and the fag-end, in lashing out, whipped away the canvas shroud about the

Korean delirious: 황홀한, 무아경의, 정신 착란의, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를 하는. enigmatic: 수수께끼의, 수수께끼같은, 불가사의한, 불가해한, 알기 어려운, 정체 모를, 정체모를, 수수께끼 같은. fag-end: 도려낸 끝 조각, 토끝. heed: 주의, 조심, 조심하다, 유의하다, 주의하다. illuminating: 조명하는, 비추는, 밝히는, 계몽적인. incoherent: 점착력이없는, 흐트러진,

지리 멸렬의, 조리가 서지 않는, 조리가 맞지 않는, 모순된, 논리가 일관되지 않는, 일관되지 않은. lashing: 채찍질, 질책, 밧줄, 묶음, 많음, 묶기. oar: 노, 노젓다, 노젓는 사람, 젓다, 노와 같은 구실을 하는 것, 노젓는 배, 노를 쓰다, 노를 젓다, 배를 노로 젓다. oarsman: 노젓는 사람. shrinking: 움츠리는, 겁내는,

움츠리는 것. shroud: 덮개, 수의, 양옆뱃전에 버틴 돛대줄, 싸는 것, 양 옆뱃전에 버틴 돛대줄, 지하 예배당, 돛대 밧줄, 측판, 수의를 입히다, 가리다. springing: 도약운동, 스프링. vainly: 헛되이, 자만하여, 공연히, 자랑하여, 뽐내어, 자만심에 부풀어, 헛되어. vindictive: 복수심이 있는, 앙심 깊은, 복수심 있는, 악의에서의.

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beak, suddenly revealing, as the bleached hull swung round towards the open ocean, death for the figure-head, in a human skeleton; chalky comment on the chalked words below, “Follow your leader.” At the sight, Don Benito, covering his face, wailed out: “ ‘Tis he, Aranda! my murdered, unburied friend!” Upon reaching the sealer, calling for ropes, Captain Delano bound the negro, who made no resistance, and had him hoisted to the deck. He would then have assisted the now almost helpless Don Benito up the side; but Don Benito, wan as he was, refused to move, or be moved, until the negro should have been first put below out of view. When, presently assured that it was done, he no more shrank from the ascent.% The boat was immediately dispatched back to pick up the three swimming sailors. Meantime, the guns were in readiness, though, owing to the San Dominick having glided somewhat astern of the sealer, only the aftermost one could be brought to bear. With this, they fired six times; thinking to cripple the fugitive ship by bringing down her spars. But only a few inconsiderable ropes were shot away. Soon the ship was beyond the gun’s range, steering broad out of the bay; the blacks thickly clustering round the bowsprit, one moment with taunting cries towards the whites, the next with upthrown gestures hailing the now dusky moors of ocean—cawing crows escaped from the hand of the fowler. The first impulse was to slip the cables and give chase. But, upon second thoughts, to pursue with whale-boat and yawl seemed more promising. Upon inquiring of Don Benito what firearms they had on board the San Dominick, Captain Delano was answered that they had none that could be used; because, in the earlier stages of the mutiny, a cabin-passenger, since dead, had secretly put out of order the locks of what few muskets there were. But with all his remaining strength, Don Benito entreated the American not to give chase, either with ship or boat; for the negroes had already proved themselves such desperadoes, that, in case of a present assault, nothing but a total massacre of the whites could be looked for. But, regarding this warning as coming from one

Korean aftermost: 최후미의. massacre: 학살하다, 대학살, 헐뜯다, bowsprit: 제일사장. 압승하다, 완패, 대량 학살, 해치우다, chalky: 백악질의, 백악색의, 가루가 다수의 동물을 학살하다, 남을 많은, 백악이 많은, 분필이 묻은, 초크 헐뜯다, 상대를 압승하다, 시합 같은. 따위에서 상대를 압승하다. cripple: 불구자, 발판, 위력없는 투구, mutiny: 반란을 일으키다, 반란, 신체 장애자, 소택지, 서투른 선수, 반항하다, 폭동, 반항, 폭동-반항, 병신으로 만들다, 병신, 절름발이, 폭동을 일으키다. 해치다, 폐인. readiness: 신속, 준비, 쾌락, 준비성, fowler: 들새 사냥꾼, 들새를 잡는 준비가 되어 있음, 용이, 자진해서함, 사람. 재빠름.

secretly: 비밀히, 소리를 내지 않고, 몰래. skeleton: 해골, 골격, 골자, 뼈대, 해골의, 여윈, 여윈 사람, 줄기, 최소한도의, 조직. steering: 조타, 조정, 등선실, 조타의. thickly: 불명료하게, 빽빽하게, 탁한 목소리로, 두껍게, 굵게, 무성하게, 잔뜩, 짙게. unburied: 아직 매장되지 않은, 무덤에서 발굴된.

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whose spirit had been crushed by misery the American did not give up his design.% The boats were got ready and armed. Captain Delano ordered his men into them. He was going himself when Don Benito grasped his arm. “What! have you saved my life, Señor, and are you now going to throw away your own?” The officers also, for reasons connected with their interests and those of the voyage, and a duty owing to the owners, strongly objected against their commander’s going. Weighing their remonstrances a moment, Captain Delano felt bound to remain; appointing his chief mate—an athletic and resolute man, who had been a privateer’s-man—to head the party. The more to encourage the sailors, they were told, that the Spanish captain considered his ship good as lost; that she and her cargo, including some gold and silver, were worth more than a thousand doubloons. Take her, and no small part should be theirs. The sailors replied with a shout. The fugitives had now almost gained an offing. It was nearly night; but the moon was rising. After hard, prolonged pulling, the boats came up on the ship’s quarters, at a suitable distance laying upon their oars to discharge their muskets. Having no bullets to return, the negroes sent their yells. But, upon the second volley, Indian-like, they hurtled their hatchets. One took off a sailor’s fingers. Another struck the whale-boat’s bow, cutting off the rope there, and remaining stuck in the gunwale like a woodman’s axe. Snatching it, quivering from its lodgment, the mate hurled it back. The returned gauntlet now stuck in the ship’s broken quarter-gallery, and so remained. The negroes giving too hot a reception, the whites kept a more respectful distance. Hovering now just out of reach of the hurtling hatchets, they, with a view to the close encounter which must soon come, sought to decoy the blacks into entirely disarming themselves of their most murderous weapons in a handto-hand fight, by foolishly flinging them, as missiles, short of the mark, into the sea. But, ere long, perceiving the stratagem, the negroes desisted, though not before many of them had to replace their lost hatchets with handspikes; an

Korean athletic: 운동경기의, 장장한, 운동가 같은, 운동의, 경기의, 운동 경기의, 스포츠맨다운. axe: 도끼 도끼로 찍다, 도끼, 참수, 도끼로 자르다, 대폭 삭감하다, 재즈 악기. decoy: 유인하다, 꾀어들이다, 유혹물, 미끼새, 미끼에 걸리다, 유인 못, 꾀어들이는 장치, 유혹하다, 후림새, 레이더 탐지 방해용 물체. disarming: 가시게 하는,

경계심을풀게하는, 천진한, 흥분을 가라앉히는. foolishly: 어리석게도, 바보같이, 미련하게, 어리석게. gunwale: 현연, 뱃전의 위 끝. hand-to-hand: 육박전의. lodgment: 숙소, 퇴적, 군대의 숙영, 발판, 거점, 숙박, 의사 표시, 항의 따위의 의사 표시. murderous: 살인의, 잔인한, 살인적인. offing: 난바다.

resolute: 단호한, 굳게 결심한, 의연한, 불굴의, 할 결의인, 굳은결의의. respectful: 정중한, 경의를 표하는, 공손한, 존중하는. stratagem: 계략, 전략. theirs: 그들의 것. volley: 발리를 하다, 일제히 발사되다, 연발, 일제 사격, 발리로 되치다, 빗발치듯하는 탄환, 연발하다, 일제 사격하다, 발리, 발리로 쳐 넘기다, 발리로 쳐차 넘기다.

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exchange which, as counted upon, proved, in the end, favorable to the assailants.% Meantime, with a strong wind, the ship still clove the water; the boats alternately falling behind, and pulling up, to discharge fresh volleys. The fire was mostly directed towards the stern, since there, chiefly, the negroes, at present, were clustering. But to kill or maim the negroes was not the object. To take them, with the ship, was the object. To do it, the ship must be boarded; which could not be done by boats while she was sailing so fast. A thought now struck the mate. Observing the Spanish boys still aloft, high as they could get, he called to them to descend to the yards, and cut adrift the sails. It was done. About this time, owing to causes hereafter to be shown, two Spaniards, in the dress of sailors, and conspicuously showing themselves, were killed; not by volleys, but by deliberate marksman’s shots; while, as it afterwards appeared, by one of the general discharges, Atufal, the black, and the Spaniard at the helm likewise were killed. What now, with the loss of the sails, and loss of leaders, the ship became unmanageable to the negroes. With creaking masts, she came heavily round to the wind; the prow slowly swinging into view of the boats, its skeleton gleaming in the horizontal moonlight, and casting a gigantic ribbed shadow upon the water. One extended arm of the ghost seemed beckoning the whites to avenge it. “Follow your leader!” cried the mate; and, one on each bow, the boats boarded. Sealing-spears and cutlasses crossed hatchets and hand-spikes. Huddled upon the long-boat amidships, the negresses raised a wailing chant, whose chorus was the clash of the steel. For a time, the attack wavered; the negroes wedging themselves to beat it back; the half-repelled sailors, as yet unable to gain a footing, fighting as troopers in the saddle, one leg sideways flung over the bulwarks, and one without, plying their cutlasses like carters’ whips. But in vain. They were almost overborne, when, rallying themselves into a squad as one man, with a huzza, they sprang inboard, where, entangled, they involuntarily separated again. For a few breaths’ space, there was a vague, muffled, inner sound, as of submerged

Korean adrift: 표류하여, 떠돌아, 헤매어, 일정한 직업 없이, 어찌할 바를 몰라. aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로, 위쪽에, 위에. alternately: 번갈아, 교대로, 하나 걸러. avenge: 복수하다, 대응하다, 원수를갚다, 대갚음하다, 앙갚음하다, 보복하다, 에게 복수 하다, 의 복수를 하다. conspicuously: 현저하게.

entangled: 뒤얽히게 하는, 분규를 일으키게 하는, 빠뜨리는. footing: 지위, 발밑, 편제, 입장, 스텝 밟기, 확고한 지반, 정원, 발판, 합계, 관계, 기초. huzza: 만세, 환호하다. maim: 불구자로 만들다, 발을 잘라 불구로 만들다, 불구로 만들다, 손 불구로 만들다. muffled: 소리를 둔하게 한, 소리를 죽인.

prow: 이물, 기수, 용감한, 용맹스러운, 뱃머리. ribbed: 늑골이 있는, 이랑이 있는. saddle: 안장 모양의 물건, 안장, 등심고기, 권력을 쥐고, 안상부, 안장에 올라 타다, 에 안장을 얹다, 말에 안장을 얹다, 지우다. stern: 황량한, 엄격한, 고물, 쓸쓸한, 선미, 굳은, 준엄한, 단호한, 고물 별자리, 피할 도리가 없는, 엉덩이. whips: 다량, 다수의.

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sword-fish rushing hither and thither through shoals of black-fish. Soon, in a reunited band, and joined by the Spanish seamen, the whites came to the surface, irresistibly driving the negroes toward the stern. But a barricade of casks and sacks, from side to side, had been thrown up by the main-mast. Here the negroes faced about, and though scorning peace or truce, yet fain would have had respite. But, without pause, overleaping the barrier, the unflagging sailors again closed. Exhausted, the blacks now fought in despair. Their red tongues lolled, wolf-like, from their black mouths. But the pale sailors’ teeth were set; not a word was spoken; and, in five minutes more, the ship was won.% Nearly a score of the negroes were killed. Exclusive of those by the balls, many were mangled; their wounds—mostly inflicted by the long-edged sealingspears, resembling those shaven ones of the English at Preston Pans, made by the poled scythes of the Highlanders. On the other side, none were killed, though several were wounded; some severely, including the mate. The surviving negroes were temporarily secured, and the ship, towed back into the harbor at midnight, once more lay anchored. Omitting the incidents and arrangements ensuing, suffice it that, after two days spent in refitting, the ships sailed in company for Conception, in Chili, and thence for Lima, in Peru; where, before the vice-regal courts, the whole affair, from the beginning, underwent investigation. Though, midway on the passage, the ill-fated Spaniard, relaxed from constraint, showed some signs of regaining health with free-will; yet, agreeably to his own foreboding, shortly before arriving at Lima, he relapsed, finally becoming so reduced as to be carried ashore in arms. Hearing of his story and plight, one of the many religious institutions of the City of Kings opened an hospitable refuge to him, where both physician and priest were his nurses, and a member of the order volunteered to be his one special guardian and consoler, by night and by day. The following extracts, translated from one of the official Spanish documents, will, it is hoped, shed light on the preceding narrative, as well as, in the first

Korean ashore: 물가에, 해변에. barricade: 방책, 통행 차단물, 막다, 방해하다, 장애물-방책을 만들다, 투쟁의 장, 장애물, 장애, 에 방책으로 쌓다, 에 방책으로 막다, 장애물로 가로막다. constraint: 강제, 속박, 거북스러움, 억압, 어색함, 압박, 조심스러움. ensuing: 다음의, 뒤이어 일어나는, 결과로서 따르는, 뒤이은. hospitable: 극진한, 따뜻하게

대접하는, 기꺼이 받아들이는, 대접이 좋은. ill-fated: 불운한. midway: 중도의, 복도, 통로, 오락장거리, 중간쯤에, 중도에. physician: 의사, 내과 의사. preceding: 선행하는, 앞의, 전술한. respite: 유예, 연기, 휴식, 일시적 중지, 에게 형의 집행을 유예하다, 상환 독촉을 유예하다, 일시적으로 덜어주다, 정지하다, 집행유예,

휴식기간, 휴지. shaven: 면도한, 깎은. suffice: 에 충분하다, 충분하다, 만족시키다, 족하다. thence: 그때부터, 그러므로, 거기서부터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터. truce: 휴전, 중지, 휴전 협정에 의해 중지하다, 휴지, 휴전 협정, 휴전하다, 휴전에 의해 중지하다. unflagging: 지칠줄 모르는, 쇠하지 않은, 늘어지지 않는.

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place, reveal the true port of departure and true history of the San Dominick’s voyage, down to the time of her touching at the island of St. Maria.% But, ere the extracts come, it may be well to preface them with a remark. The document selected, from among many others, for partial translation, contains the deposition of Benito Cereno; the first taken in the case. Some disclosures therein were, at the time, held dubious for both learned and natural reasons. The tribunal inclined to the opinion that the deponent, not undisturbed in his mind by recent events, raved of some things which could never have happened. But subsequent depositions of the surviving sailors, bearing out the revelations of their captain in several of the strangest particulars, gave credence to the rest. So that the tribunal, in its final decision, rested its capital sentences upon statements which, had they lacked confirmation, it would have deemed it but duty to reject.

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*

*

*

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I, DON JOSE DE ABOS AND PADILLA, His Majesty’s Notary for the Royal Revenue, and Register of this Province, and Notary Public of the Holy Crusade of this Bishopric, etc. Do certify and declare, as much as is requisite in law, that, in the criminal cause commenced the twenty-fourth of the month of September, in the year seventeen hundred and ninety-nine, against the negroes of the ship San Dominick, the following declaration before me was made: Declaration of the first witness, DON BENITO CERENO. The same day, and month, and year, His Honor, Doctor Juan Martinez de Rozas, Councilor of the Royal Audience of this Kingdom, and learned in the law of this Intendency, ordered the captain of the ship San Dominick, Don Benito

Korean certify: 증명하다, 지불을 보증하다, 에게 보증하다, 정신 이상자라고 증명하다, 에게 증명서를 교부하다, 보증하다, 인증하다, 에게 면허장를 교부하다, 에게 면허장를 발행하다, 에게 증명서를 발행하다, 보증 하다. confirmation: 확인, 확정, 확증, 견진성사, 확립, 증언, 증거, 비준, 견고하게함, 시인, 견진 성사. credence: 신용, 제구대, 신임. declare: 언명하다, 선언하다,

성명하다, 신고하다, 공언하다, 언명해 놓고 그만두다, 신고하다공언하다, 단언하다, 나타내다, 알리다, 포고하다. deponent: 수동형의, 선서 증인, 이태 동사, 이태의. deposition: 퇴위, 면직, 증언, 선서 증언, 선서 증서, 내려놓기, 관직박탈, 공탁, 조서. inclined: 경사진, 하고 싶어하여, 에 마음이 내키는, 경사진각도를 이루는,

경각을 이루는, 경향을 나타내며, 경향이 있는. preface: 서문, 허두, 시작하다, 머리말, 서문을 쓰다, 에 서문을 붙이다, 에 머리말을 붙이다. therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그 가운데에. tribunal: 법정, 법관석, 병역 면제 심사부, 세상의 비판, 판사석. undisturbed: 평온한, 방해되지 않는, 방해받지 않은.

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Cereno, to appear; which he did, in his litter, attended by the monk Infelez; of whom he received the oath, which he took by God, our Lord, and a sign of the Cross; under which he promised to tell the truth of whatever he should know and should be asked;—and being interrogated agreeably to the tenor of the act commencing the process, he said, that on the twentieth of May last, he set sail with his ship from the port of Valparaiso, bound to that of Callao; loaded with the produce of the country beside thirty cases of hardware and one hundred and sixty blacks, of both sexes, mostly belonging to Don Alexandro Aranda, gentleman, of the city of Mendoza; that the crew of the ship consisted of thirtysix men, beside the persons who went as passengers; that the negroes were in part as follows:% [Here, in the original, follows a list of some fifty names, descriptions, and ages, compiled from certain recovered documents of Aranda’s, and also from recollections of the deponent, from which portions only are extracted.] —One, from about eighteen to nineteen years, named José, and this was the man that waited upon his master, Don Alexandro, and who speaks well the Spanish, having served him four or five years; * * * a mulatto, named Francesco, the cabin steward, of a good person and voice, having sung in the Valparaiso churches, native of the province of Buenos Ayres, aged about thirty-five years. * * * A smart negro, named Dago, who had been for many years a grave-digger among the Spaniards, aged forty-six years. * * * Four old negroes, born in Africa, from sixty to seventy, but sound, calkers by trade, whose names are as follows:— the first was named Muri, and he was killed (as was also his son named Diamelo); the second, Nacta; the third, Yola, likewise killed; the fourth, Ghofan; and six full-grown negroes, aged from thirty to forty-five, all raw, and born among the Ashantees—Matiluqui, Yan, Leche, Mapenda, Yambaio, Akim; four of whom were killed; * * * a powerful negro named Atufal, who being supposed to have been a chief in Africa, his owner set great store by him. * * * And a small negro of Senegal, but some years among the Spaniards, aged about thirty, which negro’s name was Babo; * * * that he does not remember the names of the others,

Korean belonging: 소지품, 성질, 재산, 재능, 친척, 친숙함, 친밀감, 친밀, 부속물, 귀속 의식, 귀속. full-grown: 충분히 발육한, 충분히 성장한. likewise: 마찬가지로, 또한, 똑같이, 그리고 또한. litter: 난잡, 가마, 깔짚, 깃을 깔다, 들것, 난잡하게 어지르다, 어수선하게 흩어진 물건, 잡동사니, 낳다, 쓰레기, 물건을 흩뜨리다.

loaded: 탄알을 잰, 감정적이 된, 납을 박은, 짐실은, 취한, 화약을잰, 의미 심장한, 다른 것을 섞은, 만취한, 박은, 술 따위 다른 것을 섞은. monk: 수도사, 수사. named: 유명한, 지명된, 지정의. native: 원주민, 토착의, 자기나라의, 출생의, 타고난, 미개인, 그 지방 고유의, 토착의 동식물, 오스트레일리아 태생의 백인, 토인의, 양식한 영국산굴.

oath: 맹세, 선서, 저주, 신의 이름을 남용하기, 욕설. recollections: 추억. sail: 돛, 범주, 척의 배, 돛배, 범주력, 항정, 날개, 달리게 하다, 범주하다, 돛단배, 건너다. steward: 간사, 집사, 기선, 여객계원, 식사 담당원, 식사 담당자, 사환, 회계. tenor: 테너, 취지, 진로, 대의, 방침, 사본, 테너의.

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but that still expecting the residue of Don Alexandra’s papers will be found, will then take due account of them all, and remit to the court; * * * and thirty-nine women and children of all ages.% [The catalogue over, the deposition goes on:] * * * That all the negroes slept upon deck, as is customary in this navigation, and none wore fetters, because the owner, his friend Aranda, told him that they were all tractable; * * * that on the seventh day after leaving port, at three o’clock in the morning, all the Spaniards being asleep except the two officers on the watch, who were the boatswain, Juan Robles, and the carpenter, Juan Bautista Gayete, and the helmsman and his boy, the Negroes revolted suddenly, wounded dangerously the boatswain and the carpenter, and successively killed eighteen men of those who were sleeping upon deck, some with hand-spikes and hatchets, and others by throwing them alive overboard, after tying them; that of the Spaniards upon deck, they left about seven, as he thinks, alive and tied, to manoeuvre the ship, and three or four more, who hid themselves, remained also alive. Although in the act of revolt the negroes made themselves masters of the hatchway, six or seven wounded went through it to the cockpit, without any hindrance on their part; that during the act of revolt, the mate and another person, whose name he does not recollect, attempted to come up through the hatchway, but being quickly wounded, were obliged to return to the cabin; that the deponent resolved at break of day to come up the companion-way, where the negro Babo was, being the ringleader, and Atufal, who assisted him, and having spoken to them, exhorted them to cease committing such atrocities, asking them, at the same time, what they wanted and intended to do, offering, himself, to obey their commands; that notwithstanding this, they threw, in his presence, three men, alive and tied, overboard; that they told the deponent to come up, and that they would not kill him; which having done, the negro Babo asked him whether there were in those seas any negro countries where they might be carried, and he answered them, No; that the negro Babo afterwards told him to carry them to

Korean atrocities: 포악, 잔학한 행위. manoeuvre: 기동 연습, 책동, 전략적 boatswain: 갑판장, 병조장. 행동, 연습하다, 작전척 행동, carpenter: 목수, 목수일을 하다, 항공기의 선희 등의 운동, 목수일로 만들다, 대목, 연습시키다, 교묘한 조치, 기동하다, 목수일을하다, 목수직, 무대장치인, 운동. 아마추어 목수, 목공품, 목공일을 recollect: 다시 모으다, 회상하다, 하다. 가라앉히다, 생각해 내다, 생각나다, cockpit: 투계장, 조종석, 조종실, 기억나다, 북돋우다, 진정시키다, 전란의 터, 최하 갑판 후부의 사관실, 냉정하게 하다, 다시 불러일으키다, 싸움터, 투기장. 상기다. helmsman: 키잡이, 조타수, 타수. remit: 송금하다, 면제하다, 보내다,

다시 투옥하다, 연기하다, 의뢰하다, 조회하다, 하급 법원에 환송하다, 용서하다, 감퇴하다, 경감하다. revolted: 가슴이 메스꺼운. ringleader: 장본인, 주모자, 괴수, 두목, 폭동 따위의 주모자. successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서, 잇달아서. tractable: 세공하기 쉬운, 유순한, 다루기 쉬운, 취급하기 쉬운. tying: 매는, 매기.

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Senegal, %or to the neighboring islands of St. Nicholas; and he answered, that this was impossible, on account of the great distance, the necessity involved of rounding Cape Horn, the bad condition of the vessel, the want of provisions, sails, and water; but that the negro Babo replied to him he must carry them in any way; that they would do and conform themselves to everything the deponent should require as to eating and drinking; that after a long conference, being absolutely compelled to please them, for they threatened to kill all the whites if they were not, at all events, carried to Senegal, he told them that what was most wanting for the voyage was water; that they would go near the coast to take it, and thence they would proceed on their course; that the negro Babo agreed to it; and the deponent steered towards the intermediate ports, hoping to meet some Spanish, or foreign vessel that would save them; that within ten or eleven days they saw the land, and continued their course by it in the vicinity of Nasca; that the deponent observed that the negroes were now restless and mutinous, because he did not effect the taking in of water, the negro Babo having required, with threats, that it should be done, without fail, the following day; he told him he saw plainly that the coast was steep, and the rivers designated in the maps were not to be found, with other reasons suitable to the circumstances; that the best way would be to go to the island of Santa Maria, where they might water easily, it being a solitary island, as the foreigners did; that the deponent did not go to Pisco, that was near, nor make any other port of the coast, because the negro Babo had intimated to him several times, that he would kill all the whites the very moment he should perceive any city, town, or settlement of any kind on the shores to which they should be carried: that having determined to go to the island of Santa Maria, as the deponent had planned, for the purpose of trying whether, on the passage or near the island itself, they could find any vessel that should favor them, or whether he could escape from it in a boat to the neighboring coast of Arruco, to adopt the necessary means he immediately changed his course, steering for the island; that the negroes Babo and Atufal held daily conferences, in which they discussed what was necessary for their design of returning to Senegal, whether they were to kill all the Spaniards, and particularly the deponent; that eight days after parting from the

Korean conform: 따르다, 국교를 준봉하다, 필연, 필요물, 불가피, 긴급한 필요, 합치하다, 순응하다, 따르게하다, 궁상, 궁경, 불가결한 것. 맞게하다, 일치하다, 적합시키다, perceive: 지각하다, 이해하다, 따르게 하다, 맞게 하다. 알아채다, 인식하다. designated: 관선의, 지정된. plainly: 솔직하게, 명백히, 검소하게, intermediate: 중간의, 중간물, 중형차, 간소하게, 뚜렷하게. 개재하는, 사이에 들어가다, restless: 끊임없는, 불안한, 침착하지 중재하다, 중재자 중간시험, 중개자, 못한, 잠잘 수 없는, 잠못이루는, 중개하다, 중간에 일어나는. 활동적인, 쉬지 않는, 쉬지 못하게 mutinous: 반항적인, 폭동의. 하는, 들떠 있는, 부단한, 침착하지 necessity: 필수품, 궁핍, 필요, 필요성, 않은.

rounding: 회전하는, 둥글게 하는데 쓰는, 주위를 둘러싸는, 원순화, 둥글어진 것, 둥글게 함, 둥글어지는. steep: 담그는 액체, 험한, 엄청난, 가풀막, 적시다, 담그다, 담금, 몰두 시키다, 급경사진, 가파른, 적심. vessel: 배, 도관, 용기, 비행선, 그릇, 맥관, 관, 사람. vicinity: 근처, 근접, 주변, 근방, 부근. wanting: 모자라는, 부족한, 지혜가 모자라는, 이 없이.

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coast of Nasca, the deponent being %on the watch a little after day-break, and soon after the negroes had their meeting, the negro Babo came to the place where the deponent was, and told him that he had determined to kill his master, Don Alexandro Aranda, both because he and his companions could not otherwise be sure of their liberty, and that to keep the seamen in subjection, he wanted to prepare a warning of what road they should be made to take did they or any of them oppose him; and that, by means of the death of Don Alexandro, that warning would best be given; but, that what this last meant, the deponent did not at the time comprehend, nor could not, further than that the death of Don Alexandro was intended; and moreover the negro Babo proposed to the deponent to call the mate Raneds, who was sleeping in the cabin, before the thing was done, for fear, as the deponent understood it, that the mate, who was a good navigator, should be killed with Don Alexandro and the rest; that the deponent, who was the friend, from youth, of Don Alexandro, prayed and conjured, but all was useless; for the negro Babo answered him that the thing could not be prevented, and that all the Spaniards risked their death if they should attempt to frustrate his will in this matter, or any other; that, in this conflict, the deponent called the mate, Raneds, who was forced to go apart, and immediately the negro Babo commanded the Ashantee Martinqui and the Ashantee Lecbe to go and commit the murder; that those two went down with hatchets to the berth of Don Alexandro; that, yet half alive and mangled, they dragged him on deck; that they were going to throw him overboard in that state, but the negro Babo stopped them, bidding the murder be completed on the deck before him, which was done, when, by his orders, the body was carried below, forward; that nothing more was seen of it by the deponent for three days; * * * that Don Alonzo Sidonia, an old man, long resident at Valparaiso, and lately appointed to a civil office in Peru, whither he had taken passage, was at the time sleeping in the berth opposite Don Alexandro’s; that awakening at his cries, surprised by them, and at the sight of the negroes with their bloody hatchets in their hands, he threw himself into the sea through a window which was near him, and was drowned, without it being in the power of the deponent to assist or take him up; * * * that a short time after killing Aranda, they brought upon deck

Korean commit: 위탁하다, 범하다, 몸을 맡기다, 맡기다, 위원회에 회부하다, 감금하다, 수용하다, 손상하다, 속박하다, 떠맡다, 넣다. comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다, 함축하다. deck: 갑판, 단장하다, 꾸미다, 평평한 지붕, 갑판을 깔다, 지면, 갑판에 나와서, 지면-갑판을 깔다, 다음 타자가 되어, 준비되어, 전투 준비를 하다.

drowned: 물에 빠져 죽은, 에 빠진, 몰두하고 있는. frustrate: 좌절시키다, 사람을 실망시키다, 사람을실망시키다, 에게 좌절감을 일으키게 하는, 에게 좌절감을 일으키게 하다, 을 방해하는, 을 방해하다, 좌절시키는. lately: 요즈음, 최근. liberty: 자유, 멋대로함, 자유구역, 방종, 시효로 얻은 특권, 칙허로 얻은 특권, 특권, 할 자유.

navigator: 항해자, 해양탐험가, 해양 탐험가, 항행장, 항해술에 능한 사람, 항법사, 항공사, 조종사, 자동조정장치, 항해장. oppose: 반대하다, 저항하다, 대항시키다, 방해하다, 에 반대하다, 에 대항하다, 방해물로 두다, 반대다. subjection: 복종, 정복, 종속, 좌지우지됨, 의존함, 좌우됨. whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로, 가는 곳.

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his german-cousin, of middle-age, Don Francisco Masa, of %Mendoza, and the young Don Joaquin, Marques de Aramboalaza, then lately from Spain, with his Spanish servant Ponce, and the three young clerks of Aranda, José Mozairi Lorenzo Bargas, and Hermenegildo Gandix, all of Cadiz; that Don Joaquin and Hermenegildo Gandix, the negro Babo, for purposes hereafter to appear, preserved alive; but Don Francisco Masa, José Mozairi, and Lorenzo Bargas, with Ponce the servant, beside the boatswain, Juan Robles, the boatswain’s mates, Manuel Viscaya and Roderigo Hurta, and four of the sailors, the negro Babo ordered to be thrown alive into the sea, although they made no resistance, nor begged for anything else but mercy; that the boatswain, Juan Robles, who knew how to swim, kept the longest above water, making acts of contrition, and, in the last words he uttered, charged this deponent to cause mass to be said for his soul to our Lady of Succor: * * * that, during the three days which followed, the deponent, uncertain what fate had befallen the remains of Don Alexandro, frequently asked the negro Babo where they were, and, if still on board, whether they were to be preserved for interment ashore, entreating him so to order it; that the negro Babo answered nothing till the fourth day, when at sunrise, the deponent coming on deck, the negro Babo showed him a skeleton, which had been substituted for the ship’s proper figure-head—the image of Christopher Colon, the discoverer of the New World; that the negro Babo asked him whose skeleton that was, and whether, from its whiteness, he should not think it a white’s; that, upon discovering his face, the negro Babo, coming close, said words to this effect: “Keep faith with the blacks from here to Senegal, or you shall in spirit, as now in body, follow your leader,” pointing to the prow; * * * that the same morning the negro Babo took by succession each Spaniard forward, and asked him whose skeleton that was, and whether, from its whiteness, he should not think it a white’s; that each Spaniard covered his face; that then to each the negro Babo repeated the words in the first place said to the deponent; * * * that they (the Spaniards), being then assembled aft, the negro Babo harangued them, saying that he had now done all; that the deponent (as navigator for the negroes) might pursue his course, warning him and all of them that they should, soul and body, go the way of Don Alexandro, if he saw them

Korean assembled: 합성 보석의, 집합된, 결집한. charged: 긴장된, 논쟁이 일어날 것 같은, 대전한, 마약에 취한, 실효전하를 가진, 일촉즉발의. discoverer: 발견자, 미국 공군의 인공 위성. fate: 운명, 운, 죽음, 숙명, 파멸, 운명의 삼여신. mercy: 자비, 행운, 고마움, 연민. preserved: 보호한.

pursue: 추구하다, 수행하다, 추적하다, 속행하다, 찾아 가다, 쫓아가다, 따라가다, 소송하다, 길을 따라가다, 계속해서 말하다. repeated: 되풀이된, 거듭된. servant: 하인, 봉사자, 고용인, 머슴, 부하, 공무원, 종업원, 하인의. soul: 영혼, 정수, 정신, 확실히, 기백, 단연코, 열정, 화신, 사람, 흑인이 전하는 강렬한 느낌, 흑인 본래의. succession: 연속, 계승, 상속,

상속자들, 계승권, 상속권, 연속물. swim: 헤엄치다, 물고기의 부레, 수영, 띄우다, 미끄러지다, 뜨다, 넘치다, 헤엄치는 시간, 헤엄, 헤엄치게 하다, 현기증이 나다. uncertain: 불확실한, 일정치 않은, 흔들거리는, 믿을 수 없는, 분명치 않은, 의심스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 확신이 없는, 확정되지 않은. whiteness: 흼, 순백함, 결백, 창백함, 창백, 순결, 백색 물질.

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(the Spaniards) speak, or plot anything against them (the negroes)—a threat which was repeated every day; that, before the events last mentioned, they had tied the cook to throw him overboard, for it is not known what thing they heard him speak, but finally the negro Babo spared his life, at the request of the deponent; that a few days after, the deponent, endeavoring not to omit any means to preserve the lives of the remaining whites, spoke to the negroes peace and tranquillity, and agreed to draw up a paper, signed by the deponent and the sailors who could write, as also by the negro Babo, for himself and all the blacks, in which the deponent obliged himself to carry them to Senegal, and they not to kill any more, and he formally to make over to them the ship, with the cargo, with which they were for that time satisfied and quieted. * * * But the next day, the more surely to guard against the sailors’ escape, the negro Babo commanded all the boats to be destroyed but the long-boat, which was unseaworthy, and another, a cutter in good condition, which knowing it would yet be wanted for towing the water casks, he had it lowered down into the hold.%

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[Various particulars of the prolonged and perplexed navigation ensuing here follow, with incidents of a calamitous calm, from which portion one passage is extracted, to wit:] —That on the fifth day of the calm, all on board suffering much from the heat, and want of water, and five having died in fits, and mad, the negroes became irritable, and for a chance gesture, which they deemed suspicious—though it was harmless—made by the mate, Raneds, to the deponent in the act of handing a quadrant, they killed him; but that for this they afterwards were sorry, the mate being the only remaining navigator on board, except the deponent.

Korean cutter: 재단사, 커터, 베는 도구, 베는 사람, 소형 말썰매, 소형감시선, 필름 편집자, 절단기, 재단기, 자르는사람, 감시선. mate: 항해사, 조수, 한패, 동료, 마테차 그릇, 마테차 나무, 지우다, 짝짓다, 한패가되다, 한편, 결혼시키다. navigation: 항해, 항행 선박, 항공, 항행, 항해학항법, 해양 탐험가, 항해학, 항해술, 항공학, 항공술.

omit: 게을리 하다, 생략하다, 하기를 잊다, 할 것을 빠뜨리다, 할 것을 빼먹다, 게을리하다, 할 것을 잊다. perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한, 어찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈. plot: 음모, 도면을 작성하다, 토지를 구획하다, 줄거리-계획하다, 음모를 꾸미다, 계획, 도면에 기입하다음모를 꾀하다, 음모를 꾀하다, 도면에 기입하다, 작은 터, 획책하다. portion: 운명, 분배하다, 부분, 몫,

상속재산, 일인분, 배당으로 주다, 배당, 남에게 분여 재산을 주다, 분할하다, 인분. preserve: 보존하다, 금렵지, 보호하다, 저장하다, 양어장, 방부 조치를 하다, 유지하다, 사냥을 금하다-설탕 절임, 설탕 절임, 사냥을 금하다, 금렵지로 하다. quadrant: 사분면, 사분의, 사분원. satisfied: 만족한, 흡족한. signed: 사인이 들어있는, 서명된.

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—That %omitting other events, which daily happened, and which can only serve uselessly to recall past misfortunes and conflicts, after seventy-three days’ navigation, reckoned from the time they sailed from Nasca, during which they navigated under a scanty allowance of water, and were afflicted with the calms before mentioned, they at last arrived at the island of Santa Maria, on the seventeenth of the month of August, at about six o’clock in the afternoon, at which hour they cast anchor very near the American ship, Bachelor’s Delight, which lay in the same bay, commanded by the generous Captain Amasa Delano; but at six o’clock in the morning, they had already descried the port, and the negroes became uneasy, as soon as at distance they saw the ship, not having expected to see one there; that the negro Babo pacified them, assuring them that no fear need be had; that straightway he ordered the figure on the bow to be covered with canvas, as for repairs and had the decks a little set in order; that for a time the negro Babo and the negro Atufal conferred; that the negro Atufal was for sailing away, but the negro Babo would not, and, by himself, cast about what to do; that at last he came to the deponent, proposing to him to say and do all that the deponent declares to have said and done to the American captain; * * * * * * * that the negro Babo warned him that if he varied in the least, or uttered any word, or gave any look that should give the least intimation of the past events or present state, he would instantly kill him, with all his companions, showing a dagger, which he carried hid, saying something which, as he understood it, meant that that dagger would be alert as his eye; that the negro Babo then announced the plan to all his companions, which pleased them; that he then, the better to disguise the truth, devised many expedients, in some of them uniting deceit and defense; that of this sort was the device of the six Ashantees before named, who were his bravoes; that them he stationed on the break of the poop, as if to clean certain hatchets (in cases, which were part of the cargo), but in reality to use them, and distribute them at need, and at a given word he told

Korean afflicted: 괴로워하는, 고민하는. alert: 경계, 방심 않는, 민활한, 경계경보, 경보, 기민한. canvas: 유화, 텐트, 범포, 즈크, 배경, 캔버스제의, 캔버스, 캔버스.화포, 즈크의, 화포, 무대. dagger: 단도, 칼표, 이중 칼표, 무서운 눈초리로 노려보다, 심한적의를 품고. deceit: 사기, 거짓, 허위, 거짓의, 책략, 부실. defense: 수비, 방위, 변명, 수비측,

변호, 방어, 종심방어, 을 지키어, 을 변호하여, 방어적인, 화를 잘 내는. disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈, 변장하다, 구실, 거짓 꾸미다, 가장복, 변장, 감추다-변장, 감추다, 변장시키다, 변신. distribute: 분배하다, 분류하다, 분포하다, 확충하다, 주연하다, 배급하다, 확충시키다, 살포하다, 주연시키다, 해판하다. intimation: 통고, 암시하다, 발표,

알리다, 암시넌지시 비춤통고, 고시. pleased: 기뻐하는, 만족한. sailing: 범주, 출범, 항행, 항해술, 순조로운 진행, 항행력, 항해의. straightway: 곧, 당장에, 직접 일직선의, 즉시, 즉각, 일직선으로, 직선의, 일직선의. uneasy: 불안한, 걱정되는, 거북한, 어색한. uselessly: 쓸데없이, 헛되이, 무익하게.

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them; %that, among other devices, was the device of presenting Atufal, his right hand man, as chained, though in a moment the chains could be dropped; that in every particular he informed the deponent what part he was expected to enact in every device, and what story he was to tell on every occasion, always threatening him with instant death if he varied in the least: that, conscious that many of the negroes would be turbulent, the negro Babo appointed the four aged negroes, who were calkers, to keep what domestic order they could on the decks; that again and again he harangued the Spaniards and his companions, informing them of his intent, and of his devices, and of the invented story that this deponent was to tell; charging them lest any of them varied from that story; that these arrangements were made and matured during the interval of two or three hours, between their first sighting the ship and the arrival on board of Captain Amasa Delano; that this happened about half-past seven o’clock in the morning, Captain Amasa Delano coming in his boat, and all gladly receiving him; that the deponent, as well as he could force himself, acting then the part of principal owner, and a free captain of the ship, told Captain Amasa Delano, when called upon, that he came from Buenos Ayres, bound to Lima, with three hundred negroes; that off Cape Horn, and in a subsequent fever, many negroes had died; that also, by similar casualties, all the sea officers and the greatest part of the crew had died.

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[And so the deposition goes on, circumstantially recounting the fictitious story dictated to the deponent by Babo, and through the deponent imposed upon Captain Delano; and also recounting the friendly offers of Captain Delano, with other things, but all of which is here omitted. After the fictitious story, etc. the deposition proceeds:] —that the generous Captain Amasa Delano remained on board all the day, till he left the ship anchored at six o’clock in the evening, deponent speaking to

Korean casualties: 사상자 수, 조난자, 불상사, 사상자 명단. circumstantially: 상세하게, 형식적으로. fever: 열병, 열, 발열시키다, 열광, 열광적인, 열병의, 열이 있는, 흥분 상태, 흥분, 열병에 걸리게 걸리다, 열병에 걸리게 하다. fictitious: 거짓의, 의제의, 가공의, 창작적인. generous: 관대한, 풍부한, 비옥한,

마음이 넓은, 감칠맛이 있는, 기름지, 활수한. gladly: 기꺼이, 즐거이, 쾌히. informed: 지식이 있는, 지식의 필요한, 소식통의, 견문이 넓은, 사정에 밝은, 학식이 있는. intent: 의미, 의지, 열심인, 취지, 목적, 의향, 사실상, 열중하여, 집중된, 여념이 없는, 여념없는. interval: 간격, 휴게시간, 음정, 이따금, 때때로, 차거리, 여기저기,

틈막간, 휴지기, 휴지시간, 막간. receiving: 수신의, 받는, 고매, 받음, 환영의. subsequent: 뒤의, 뒤이어일어나는. threatening: 험악한, 위협적인, 일너날 듯이, 찌푸린, 협박하는, 위험한, 일어날 듯한, 협박적인. turbulent: 광포한, 거친, 소란 스러운, 소란스러운, 휘몰아치는. varied: 변화있는, 가지가지의, 변한, 여러 가지의, 변화 있는, 변화 많은.

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him always of his pretended misfortunes, under the fore-mentioned principles, without having had it in his power to tell a single word, or give him the least hint, that he might know the truth and state of things; because the negro Babo, performing %the office of an officious servant with all the appearance of submission of the humble slave, did not leave the deponent one moment; that this was in order to observe the deponent’s actions and words, for the negro Babo understands well the Spanish; and besides, there were thereabout some others who were constantly on the watch, and likewise understood the Spanish; * * * that upon one occasion, while deponent was standing on the deck conversing with Amasa Delano, by a secret sign the negro Babo drew him (the deponent) aside, the act appearing as if originating with the deponent; that then, he being drawn aside, the negro Babo proposed to him to gain from Amasa Delano full particulars about his ship, and crew, and arms; that the deponent asked “For what?” that the negro Babo answered he might conceive; that, grieved at the prospect of what might overtake the generous Captain Amasa Delano, the deponent at first refused to ask the desired questions, and used every argument to induce the negro Babo to give up this new design; that the negro Babo showed the point of his dagger; that, after the information had been obtained the negro Babo again drew him aside, telling him that that very night he (the deponent) would be captain of two ships, instead of one, for that, great part of the American’s ship’s crew being to be absent fishing, the six Ashantees, without any one else, would easily take it; that at this time he said other things to the same purpose; that no entreaties availed; that, before Amasa Delano’s coming on board, no hint had been given touching the capture of the American ship: that to prevent this project the deponent was powerless; * * *—that in some things his memory is confused, he cannot distinctly recall every event; * * *—that as soon as they had cast anchor at six of the clock in the evening, as has before been stated, the American Captain took leave, to return to his vessel; that upon a sudden impulse, which the deponent believes to have come from God and his angels, he, after the farewell had been said, followed the generous Captain Amasa Delano as far as the gunwale, where he stayed, under pretense of taking leave, until Amasa Delano should have been seated in his boat; that on shoving

Korean appearing: 인 듯한. distinctly: 뚜렷하게, 명백하게. farewell: 안녕, 고별, 작별의 인사, 작별의인사, 작별 인사를 하다, 작별. grieved: 슬퍼하는, 슬픈. humble: 겸손한, 검소한, 천하게 하다, 창피를 주다, 욕을 보이다, 비천한, 낮추는, 천한, 경멸하다. impulse: 충격, 충동, 자극, 추진, 변덕, 충격량, 역적, 고무, 일시적 감정순간력, 욕구.

induce: 야기하다, 유도하다, 따위를 만회하다, 상회하다, 을 권유하다, 귀납하다, 일으키다, 뒤따라 잡다, 재난 따위가 인공적으로 출산시키다, 인공적으로 엄습해오다, 차가 추월을 하다, 일으키다, 유발하다, 추월을 하다, 추월하다, 폭풍우 설득하여..시키다, 인공분만하다, 따위가 엄습해오다. 인공분만을 하다. powerless: 무력한, 무능한. officious: 비공식의, seated: 걸상이 ~한, 앉는 부분이 ~한, 참견하기좋아하는, 엉덩이가~한. 쓸데없는친절을베푸는, 참견 잘 하는. thereabout: 그 근처에, 대략, 그 overtake: 갑자기 덮쳐오다, 에 뒤따라 무렵에, 그 당시, 쯤, 그쯤, 그부근에, 미치다, 만회하다, 뒤떨어진 일 그분근처에, 그분근에.

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off, the deponent sprang from the gunwale into the boat, and fell into it, he knows not how, God guarding him; that—

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[Here, in the original, follows the account of what further happened at the escape, and how the San Dominick was retaken, and of the passage to the coast; including in the recital many expressions of “eternal gratitude” to the “generous Captain Amasa Delano.” The deposition then proceeds with recapitulatory remarks, and a partial renumeration of the negroes, making record of their individual part in the past events, with a view to furnishing, according to command of the court, the data whereon to found the criminal sentences to be pronounced. From this portion is the following:] —That he believes that all the negroes, though not in the first place knowing to the design of revolt, when it was accomplished, approved it. * * * That the negro, José, eighteen years old, and in the personal service of Don Alexandro, was the one who communicated the information to the negro Babo, about the state of things in the cabin, before the revolt; that this is known, because, in the preceding midnight, he use to come from his berth, which was under his master’s, in the cabin, to the deck where the ringleader and his associates were, and had secret conversations with the negro Babo, in which he was several times seen by the mate; that, one night, the mate drove him away twice; * * that this same negro José was the one who, without being commanded to do so by the negro Babo, as Lecbe and Martinqui were, stabbed his master, Don Alexandro, after be had been dragged half-lifeless to the deck; * * that the mulatto steward, Francesco, was of the first band of revolters, that he was, in all things, the creature and tool of the negro Babo; that, to make his court, he, just before a repast in the cabin, proposed, to the negro Babo, poisoning a dish for the generous Captain Amasa Delano; this is known and believed, because the negroes have said it; but that the negro Babo, having another design, forbade

Korean accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난, 교양이 있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가 깊은, 기정의, 완료된, 완성된. creature: 생물, 창조물, 인간, 노예, 소산, 녀석, 사람, 가공의 동물, 지배 당하는 자, 여자, 부하. dish: 접시에 담다, 요리, 푼주, 접시, 움푹해지다, 식품, 성적 매력이 있는 여자, 위성 방송, 미인, 그릇, 사발 모양으로 움푹 들어가게 하다. drove: 몰려가는 가축 때, 떼지어 가는

무리, 굵은 정. eighteen: 열여덟의 열여덟, 열여덟살, 열 여덟, 십팔. midnight: 한밤중, 자정, 한밤중의, 캄캄한. partial: 특히 좋아하는, 부분적인, 불완전한, 일부의, 일부분의, 좋아하는, 편파적인. poisoning: 중독. proceeds: 수입, 수익, 매상고, 과실, 결과.

pronounced: 뚜렷한, 명백한, 단호한. recapitulatory: 요약적. revolt: 반란, 반항, 반감, 반란을 일으키다, 비위 상하게 하다, 혐오, 반항적태도, 구역질나다, 반감이 생기다, 폭동, 적편에 붙다. tool: 연장, 압형기, 도구, 공구, 에 도구를 쓰다, 천천히 몰다, 공작기계, 끄나불, 압형기로 무늬를 박다, 앞잡이, 마차를 몰다. whereon: 그 위에, 무엇 위에.

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Francesco; * * that the Ashantee Lecbe was one of the worst of them; for that, on the day the ship was retaken, he assisted in the defense of her, with a hatchet in each hand, with one of which he wounded, in the breast, the chief mate of Amasa Delano, %in the first act of boarding; this all knew; that, in sight of the deponent, Lecbe struck, with a hatchet, Don Francisco Masa, when, by the negro Babo’s orders, he was carrying him to throw him overboard, alive, beside participating in the murder, before mentioned, of Don Alexandro Aranda, and others of the cabin-passengers; that, owing to the fury with which the Ashantees fought in the engagement with the boats, but this Lecbe and Yan survived; that Yan was bad as Lecbe; that Yan was the man who, by Babo’s command, willingly prepared the skeleton of Don Alexandro, in a way the negroes afterwards told the deponent, but which he, so long as reason is left him, can never divulge; that Yan and Lecbe were the two who, in a calm by night, riveted the skeleton to the bow; this also the negroes told him; that the negro Babo was he who traced the inscription below it; that the negro Babo was the plotter from first to last; he ordered every murder, and was the helm and keel of the revolt; that Atufal was his lieutenant in all; but Atufal, with his own hand, committed no murder; nor did the negro Babo; * * that Atufal was shot, being killed in the fight with the boats, ere boarding; * * that the negresses, of age, were knowing to the revolt, and testified themselves satisfied at the death of their master, Don Alexandro; that, had the negroes not restrained them, they would have tortured to death, instead of simply killing, the Spaniards slain by command of the negro Babo; that the negresses used their utmost influence to have the deponent made away with; that, in the various acts of murder, they sang songs and danced—not gaily, but solemnly; and before the engagement with the boats, as well as during the action, they sang melancholy songs to the negroes, and that this melancholy tone was more inflaming than a different one would have been, and was so intended; that all this is believed, because the negroes have said it.—that of the thirty-six men of the crew, exclusive of the passengers (all of whom are now dead), which the deponent had knowledge of, six only remained alive, with four cabin-boys and ship-boys, not included with the crew; * *—that the negroes broke an arm of one of the cabin-boys and gave him strokes with hatchets.

Korean afterwards: 나중에, 후에. bow: 활, 이물, 구부리다, 절하다, 꾸부러지다, 나비넥타이, 만곡부, 인사하다, 켜다, 함수, 절. breast: 가슴, 유방, 흉부, 무릅쓰다, 가슴에받다, 가슴통을 달다, 가슴을 대다, 가슴 모양의 부분, 대담하게 맞서다, 젖퉁이, 헤치고 나아가다. calm: 평온한, 고요한, 뻔뻔스러운, 무풍, 가라앉히다, 침착한, 침착, 고요, 냉정, 평온, 뱃심좋은.

exclusive: 독점적인, 배타적인, 독특한, 일류의, 유일의, 고급의, 배제적인, 배타적인 사람, 전문적인, 제외하고. fury: 격노, 격렬, 표독한 여자, 표독한여자, 복수의 여신의 하나, 표독스러운 계집. gaily: 유쾌하게, 흥겹게, 야하게. inscription: 명, 비문, 제명, 헌정사, 명각, 비명, 공채의 등록, 등록공채, 제자.

lieutenant: 상관 대리, 부관, 중위, 대위, 경찰의 대장 보좌, 대장 보좌, 소방서의 대장 보좌. ordered: 정연한, 질서 바른, 정돈된. plotter: 음모자, 지도작성자. restrained: 자제된, 억제된, 삼가는, 차분한, 절도있는, 절도 있는. solemnly: 엄숙하게, 장엄하게, 진지하게. wounded: 부상한, 상처입은, 부상자들.

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[Then %follow various random disclosures referring to various periods of time. The following are extracted:] —That during the presence of Captain Amasa Delano on board, some attempts were made by the sailors, and one by Hermenegildo Gandix, to convey hints to him of the true state of affairs; but that these attempts were ineffectual, owing to fear of incurring death, and, futhermore, owing to the devices which offered contradictions to the true state of affairs, as well as owing to the generosity and piety of Amasa Delano incapable of sounding such wickedness; * * * that Luys Galgo, a sailor about sixty years of age, and formerly of the king’s navy, was one of those who sought to convey tokens to Captain Amasa Delano; but his intent, though undiscovered, being suspected, he was, on a pretense, made to retire out of sight, and at last into the hold, and there was made away with. This the negroes have since said; * * * that one of the ship-boys feeling, from Captain Amasa Delano’s presence, some hopes of release, and not having enough prudence, dropped some chance-word respecting his expectations, which being overheard and understood by a slave-boy with whom he was eating at the time, the latter struck him on the head with a knife, inflicting a bad wound, but of which the boy is now healing; that likewise, not long before the ship was brought to anchor, one of the seamen, steering at the time, endangered himself by letting the blacks remark some expression in his countenance, arising from a cause similar to the above; but this sailor, by his heedful after conduct, escaped; * * * that these statements are made to show the court that from the beginning to the end of the revolt, it was impossible for the deponent and his men to act otherwise than they did; * * *—that the third clerk, Hermenegildo Gandix, who before had been forced to live among the seamen, wearing a seaman’s habit, and in all respects appearing to be one for the time; he, Gandix, was killed by a musket ball fired through mistake from the boats before boarding; having in his fright run up the mizzen-rigging, calling to the boats—”don’t board,” lest upon their boarding the negroes should kill him; that this inducing the Americans to believe he some way favored the cause of the negroes, they fired two balls at him,

Korean convey: 양도하다, 전달하다, 나르다, 전하다, 뜻하다, 알리다, 옮기다, 나타내다, 운반하다, 시사하다. endangered: 멸종될 지경에 이른. favored: 혜택을 받고 있는, 호감을 사고 있는, 호의를 사고 있는. fright: 돌연한 공포, 우스운 사람, 추악한사람, 추악한 사람, 우스운사람, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 보기 흉한 물건, 도깨비 같은 사람, 도깨비 같은 물건, 공포, 보기 흉한 사람.

generosity: 관대, 도량이 큼, 활수함, 관대한 행위, 아낌 없는 마음씨. healing: 치료의, 치유, 치료. heedful: 주의 깊은, 조심하는, 마음 쓰는, 인정이 있는, 조심성이 많은. incapable: 무능한, 무력한, 허용하지 않는, 할수 없는, 자격이 없는, 자격 없는, 을 못하는, 에 견딜 수 없는, 불가능한, 무자격자, 무능자. ineffectual: 효과 없는, 무력한, 속절없는, 쓸데없는, 효과가 없는.

musket: 머스켓 총, 구식 보병총. piety: 경건, 효성, 순종, 공순, 효행, 공손. respecting: 에 관하여. respects: 인사. retire: 회수하다, 퇴직하다, 물러나다, 물러나게 하다, 자다, 아웃시키다, 은퇴시키다, 아웃 시키다, 퇴각하다, 입후보를 단념하다, 지폐 따위를 회수하다. undiscovered: 미지의, 발견되지 않은.

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so that he fell wounded from the rigging, and was drowned in the sea; * * *—that the %young Don Joaquin, Marques de Aramboalaza, like Hermenegildo Gandix, the third clerk, was degraded to the office and appearance of a common seaman; that upon one occasion when Don Joaquin shrank, the negro Babo commanded the Ashantee Lecbe to take tar and heat it, and pour it upon Don Joaquin’s hands; * * *—that Don Joaquin was killed owing to another mistake of the Americans, but one impossible to be avoided, as upon the approach of the boats, Don Joaquin, with a hatchet tied edge out and upright to his hand, was made by the negroes to appear on the bulwarks; whereupon, seen with arms in his hands and is a questionable altitude, he was shot for a renegade seaman; * * *—that on the person of Don Joaquin was found secreted a jewel, which, by papers that were discovered, proved to have been meant for the shrine of our Lady of Mercy in Lima; a votive offering, beforehand prepared and guarded, to attest his gratitude, when he should have landed in Peru, his last destination, for the safe conclusion of his entire voyage from Spain; * * *—that the jewel, with the other effects of the late Don Joaquin, is in the custody of the brethren of the Hospital de Sacerdotes, awaiting the disposition of the honorable court; * * *—that, owing to the condition of the deponent, as well as the haste in which the boats departed for the attack, the Americans were not forewarned that there were, among the apparent crew, a passenger and one of the clerks disguised by the negro Babo; * * *—that, beside the negroes killed in the action, some were killed after the capture and re-anchoring at night, when shackled to the ring-bolts on deck; that these deaths were committed by the sailors, ere they could be prevented. That so soon as informed of it, Captain Amasa Delano used all his authority, and, in particular with his own hand, struck down Martinez Gola, who, having found a razor in the pocket of an old jacket of his, which one of the shackled negroes had on, was aiming it at the negro’s throat; that the noble Captain Amasa Delano also wrenched from the hand of Bartholomew Barlo a dagger, secreted at the time of the massacre of the whites, with which he was in the act of stabbing a shackled negro, who, the same day, with another negro, had thrown him down and jumped upon him; * * *—that, for all the events, befalling through so long a time, during which the ship was in the hands of the negro Babo, he cannot here give

Korean aiming: 겨냥, 조준. altitude: 높이, 고도, 높은, 높은 자리, 정점에서 밑변까지의 수직 거리. attest: 증언하다, 선서시키다, 증명하다, 맹세시키다, 입증하다, 의 증거가 되다. beforehand: 미리, 예기하다, 대비하다, 전부터, 사전에, 서다, 앞서다, 벌써부터, 지레 짐작으로, 이전에, 빨리. de: 의, 에서, 에 속한의 뜻.

degraded: 타락한, 퇴화한, 부패한, 저하한. destination: 목적지, 보낼 곳, 목적, 대상. disguised: 속임수의, 술취한, 변장한. disposition: 성질, 처리, 배치, 성향, 처분, 배열. guarded: 조심성 있는, 신중한, 감시되어 있는, 방어되어 있는. questionable: 의심스러운, 수상 쩍은, 수상한.

shrine: 묘, 신전, 성체 용기, 사당, 감실에 모시다, 감실, 성당, 성물함, 을 사당에 모시다, 성골함, 전당. stabbing: 찌르는 듯한. upright: 올바른, 똑바로, 골포스트, 곧게선, 곧은, 곧추 서서, 수직, 정직한, 직립, 곧은 물건, 똑바로 선. votive: 기원의, 바친, 봉납하는, 봉헌하는. whereupon: 그래서, 거기서, 그 때문에, 무엇 위에, 그 위에.

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account; but that, what he has said is the most substantial of what occurs to him at present, and is the truth under the oath which he has taken; which declaration he affirmed and ratified, after hearing it read to him.% He said that he is twenty-nine years of age, and broken in body and mind; that when finally dismissed by the court, he shall not return home to Chili, but betake himself to the monastery on Mount Agonia without; and signed with his honor, and crossed himself, and, for the time, departed as he came, in his litter, with the monk Infelez, to the Hospital de Sacerdotes. BENITO CERENO. DOCTOR ROZAS. If the Deposition have served as the key to fit into the lock of the complications which precede it, then, as a vault whose door has been flung back, the San Dominick’s hull lies open to-day. Hitherto the nature of this narrative, besides rendering the intricacies in the beginning unavoidable, has more or less required that many things, instead of being set down in the order of occurrence, should be retrospectively, or irregularly given; this last is the case with the following passages, which will conclude the account: During the long, mild voyage to Lima, there was, as before hinted, a period during which the sufferer a little recovered his health, or, at least in some degree, his tranquillity. Ere the decided relapse which came, the two captains had many cordial conversations—their fraternal unreserve in singular contrast with former withdrawments. Again and again it was repeated, how hard it had been to enact the part forced on the Spaniard by Babo. “Ah, my dear friend,” Don Benito once said, “at those very times when you thought me so morose and ungrateful, nay, when, as you now admit, you half thought me plotting your murder, at those very times my heart was frozen; I could not look at you, thinking of what, both on board this ship and your own,

Korean betake: 의지하다, 호소하다, 착수하다, 가다, 로 가다, 을 해보다. declaration: 선언, 신고, 포고, 미국 독립 선언, 진술, 신고서, 득점 발표. irregularly: 불규칙하게, 비정규적으로, 불규칙적으로, 부정기적으로, 고르지 않게. monastery: 수도원, 주로 남자의 수도원. morose: 시무룩한, 까다로운, 부질없는, 꾀까다로운.

narrative: 이야기, 이야기체의, 설화, 설화의, 화술, 설화 문학. occurrence: 사건, 발생, 큰 사건, 대 사건, 사건의 발생, 일어난 일. precede: 앞서다, 에 우선하다, 선행하다, 의 상위에 앉다, 보다중요하다, 의 앞에 나서다, 의 윗자리에 앉다. rendering: 번역, 표현, 연주, 연출, 반환, 정제, 초벌칠, 교부, 인도, 번역문, 묘사.

sufferer: 환자, 수난자, 고생하는 사람, 이재자, 이재민, 괴로워하는 사람. unavoidable: 피할 수 없는, 무효로할 수 없는, 피하기 어려운, 모면하기 어려운. unreserve: 솔직, 스스럼없음, 거리낌 없음, 기탄없음. vault: 둥근 천장, 둥근 지붕, 지하실, 둥근 천장이 있는 장소, 푸른 하늘, 지하 납골소, 귀중품 보관실, 뛰어 넘다, 뛰다, 도약, 창공.

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hung, from other hands, over my kind benefactor. And as God lives, Don Amasa, I know not whether desire for my own safety alone could have nerved me to that leap into your boat, had it not been for the thought that, did you, unenlightened, return to your ship, you, my best friend, with all who might be with you, stolen upon, that night, in your hammocks, would never in this world have wakened again. Do but think how you walked this deck, how you sat in this cabin, every inch of ground mined into honey-combs under you. Had I dropped the least hint, made the least advance towards an understanding between us, death, explosive death—yours as mine—would have ended the scene.”% “True, true,” cried Captain Delano, starting, “you have saved my life, Don Benito, more than I yours; saved it, too, against my knowledge and will.” “Nay, my friend,” rejoined the Spaniard, courteous even to the point of religion, “God charmed your life, but you saved mine. To think of some things you did—those smilings and chattings, rash pointings and gesturings. For less than these, they slew my mate, Raneds; but you had the Prince of Heaven’s safeconduct through all ambuscades.” “Yes, all is owing to Providence, I know: but the temper of my mind that morning was more than commonly pleasant, while the sight of so much suffering, more apparent than real, added to my good-nature, compassion, and charity, happily interweaving the three. Had it been otherwise, doubtless, as you hint, some of my interferences might have ended unhappily enough. Besides, those feelings I spoke of enabled me to get the better of momentary distrust, at times when acuteness might have cost me my life, without saving another’s. Only at the end did my suspicions get the better of me, and you know how wide of the mark they then proved.” “Wide, indeed,” said Don Benito, sadly; “you were with me all day; stood with me, sat with me, talked with me, looked at me, ate with me, drank with me; and yet, your last act was to clutch for a monster, not only an innocent man, but the most pitiable of all men. To such degree may malign machinations and deceptions impose. So far may even the best man err, in judging the conduct of one with the recesses of whose condition he is not acquainted. But you were

Korean benefactor: 은인, 후원자, 기증자, 보호자, 은혜를 베푸는 사람. clutch: 클러치, 붙잡음, 한 배, 사로잡다, 일단, 피우다, 위기, 마수, 인색한사람, 한 둥지의 날짐승의 갓깬 새끼, 움켜쥠. compassion: 동정, 연민, 측은히 여김, 동정심. courteous: 예의바른, 정중한, 친절한. distrust: 불신, 의혹, 의심하다. doubtless: 확실히, 의심할 여지 없이,

의심 없는. explosive: 파열음, 폭약, 폭발성의, 파열음의, 격정적인, 폭발물, 폭발의, 다이너마이트, 폭발적인, 화약. leap: 뛰기, 도약하다, 뛰다, 약동하다, 그 거리, 뛰어 넘다, 일사천리로, 껑충뛰다, 뛰어넘다, 뛰게 하다. nerved: 대담한, 신경이..한, 잎맥이 있는, 활기있는. pitiable: 비천한, 가엾은. rash: 무모한, 발진, 뾰루지, 지각없는,

성급한, 무분별한, 부스럼, 빈발, 다발, 경솔한, 조급한. slew: 많음, 회전, 습지, 진창, 수두룩함, 돌다, 돌리다, 늪. stolen: 훔친. unenlightened: 계몽되지 않은, 완미한, 진상을 모르는, 무지한, 미개의, 미개한, 사리를 모르는, 편견에 찬. unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게, 불행하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도.

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forced to it; and you were in time undeceived. Would that, in both respects, it was so ever, and with all men.” “You generalize, Don Benito; and mournfully enough. But the past is passed; why moralize upon it? Forget it. See, yon bright sun has forgotten it all, and the blue sea, and the blue sky; these have turned over new leaves.” “Because they have no memory,” he dejectedly replied; “because they are not human.” “But these mild trades that now fan your cheek, do they not come with a human-like healing to you? Warm friends, steadfast friends are the trades.” “With their steadfastness they but waft me to my tomb, Señor,” was the foreboding response.% “You are saved,” cried Captain Delano, more and more astonished and pained; “you are saved: what has cast such a shadow upon you?” “The negro.” There was silence, while the moody man sat, slowly and unconsciously gathering his mantle about him, as if it were a pall. There was no more conversation that day. But if the Spaniard’s melancholy sometimes ended in muteness upon topics like the above, there were others upon which he never spoke at all; on which, indeed, all his old reserves were piled. Pass over the worst, and, only to elucidate let an item or two of these be cited. The dress, so precise and costly, worn by him on the day whose events have been narrated, had not willingly been put on. And that silver-mounted sword, apparent symbol of despotic command, was not, indeed, a sword, but the ghost of one. The scabbard, artificially stiffened, was empty. As for the black—whose brain, not body, had schemed and led the revolt, with the plot—his slight frame, inadequate to that which it held, had at once yielded to the superior muscular strength of his captor, in the boat. Seeing all was over, he uttered no sound, and could not be forced to. His aspect seemed to say, since I cannot do deeds, I will not speak words. Put in irons in the hold, with

Korean artificially: 인위적으로, 부자연하게, 인공적으로, 부자연스럽게. captor: 체포자, 빼앗는 사람, 획득자. elucidate: 밝히다, 설명하다, 명료하게 하다. generalize: 개괄하다, 일반화하다, 일반성만을 그리다, 일반적으로 말하다, 막연히 말하다, 개괄적으로 말하다, 개괄, 법칙화하다, 보급시키다, 일반화, 종합. irons: 족쇄.

moody: 우울한, 까다로운, 변덕스러운. moralize: 석교하다, 교화하다, 도덕저긍로 해석하다, 도의심을 환기시키다, 도를설교하다, 도덕적으로 설명하다, 도를 가르치다. mournfully: 슬퍼 보이게, 슬픔에 잠겨, 절망적인, 천한, 치사한. pall: 물리다, 관 덮는 천, 관 씌우개로 덮다, 맛이 없어지다, 막, 음침한 막, 관 덮는 보, 싫증이 나게 하다.

piled: 보풀이 있는. scabbard: 칼집, 권총집, 집, 칼집에 꽂다. steadfast: 견실한, 부동의, 고정된. tomb: 무덤, 매장하다, 묘비, 죽음. waft: 부동, 한바탕 불기, 풍김, 떠돌게 하다, 부동시키다, 씨실, 신호 기, 흔들림, 피륙, 풍기는 향기, 한 번 일기. yon: 저쪽의 물건, 저곳에, 저쪽의 사람.

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the rest, he was carried to Lima. During the passage, Don Benito did not visit him. Nor then, nor at any time after, would he look at him. Before the tribunal he refused. When pressed by the judges he fainted. On the testimony of the sailors alone rested the legal identity of Babo.% Some months after, dragged to the gibbet at the tail of a mule, the black met his voiceless end. The body was burned to ashes; but for many days, the head, that hive of subtlety, fixed on a pole in the Plaza, met, unabashed, the gaze of the whites; and across the Plaza looked towards St. Bartholomew’s church, in whose vaults slept then, as now, the recovered bones of Aranda: and across the Rimac bridge looked towards the monastery, on Mount Agonia without; where, three months after being dismissed by the court, Benito Cereno, borne on the bier, did, indeed, follow his leader.

Korean alone: 혼자, 단지, 홀로, 자기 혼자서, 고독한, 단독으로. bier: 관대, 관가, 묘. borne: 시야가 좁은, 마음이 좁은. gaze: 응시, 응시하다, 뚫어지게 바라보며 서 있다, 뚫어지게 보다. gibbet: 교수대, 교수형에 처하다, 망신주다, 교수대에 매달다. hive: 벌통에 넣다, 꿀벌통, 벌집, 벌통에 들어가다, 와글와글하는 군중, 축적하다, 꿀벌의 벌집벌통, 벌집에

들다, 벌통에 모으다, 벌통에 살게 상속 재산, 의 꼬리를 잡아 당기다, 에 하다, 벌통에 저장하다. 꼬리를 달다, 미행하다, 잇다, 꼬리 identity: 동일성, 신원, 자기 자신임, 모양의 것. 동일한 사람임, 본질, 주체성, 독자성, testimony: 증명, 항의, 십계, 증언, 동일함, 일치, 항등식, 본성. 증거, 신의 가르침, 신앙 성명, 성서, pressed: 바쁜, 모자라서, 눌린, 다린. 십계명, 고백, 증엄. subtlety: 예민, 민감, 정묘, 난해, unabashed: 태연한, 부끄러워 하지 불가사의, 희박, 교묘, 미묘, 교활, 않는, 뻔뻔스러운, 부끄러운 기색 세밀한 구분, 세밀한구별. 없는. tail: 계사 한정, 한사의, 꼬리, voiceless: 목소리가 없는, 무성음의, 꼬리를자르다, 화폐의 뒷면, 한사 무성의, 벙어리의.

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THE LIGHTNING-ROD MAN

What%grand irregular thunder, thought I, standing on my hearth-stone among the Acroceraunian hills, as the scattered bolts boomed overhead, and crashed down among the valleys, every bolt followed by zigzag irradiations, and swift slants of sharp rain, which audibly rang, like a charge of spear-points, on my low shingled roof. I suppose, though, that the mountains hereabouts break and churn up the thunder, so that it is far more glorious here than on the plain. Hark!—someone at the door. Who is this that chooses a time of thunder for making calls? And why don’t he, man-fashion, use the knocker, instead of making that doleful undertaker’s clatter with his fist against the hollow panel? But let him in. Ah, here he comes. “Good day, sir:” an entire stranger. “Pray be seated.” What is that strange-looking walking-stick he carries: “A fine thunderstorm, sir.” “Fine?—Awful!” “You are wet. Stand here on the hearth before the fire.” “Not for worlds!” The stranger still stood in the exact middle of the cottage, where he had first planted himself. His singularity impelled a closer scrutiny. A lean, gloomy figure. Hair dark and lank, mattedly streaked over his brow. His sunken pitfalls of eyes were ringed by indigo halos, and played with an innocuous sort of lightning: the gleam without the bolt. The whole man was dripping. He stood in

Korean churn: 교유기, 일게 하다, 휘젓다, 불필요한 절차를 밟게 하다, 휘저어 버터를 만들다, 우왕좌왕하다, 버터 제조기, 대형우유 깡통, 교유기를 돌리다, 거품지며 물가에 부딪치다, 거품일다. clatter: 떠들썩하게 지껄이다, 떠들썩함, 달가닥달가닥울리다, 떠들썩한 소리지껄임, 달가닥달가닥하는 소리, 덜걱덜걱소리, 달가닥달가닥울리게

하다, 소란스런 소리를 내며 움직이다, 수다, 수다스럽게, 재잘거리다. doleful: 슬픔엘 잠긴, 음침한, 서글픈. dripping: 흠뻑 젖은, 적하, 적하 듣는 것, 물방울 똑똑 떨어지는, 뚝뚝 떨어짐, 들음. gloomy: 어두운, 우울한, 음울한. indigo: 인도쪽, 남쪽빛, 쪽, 인디고남색 쪽빛, 남빛. innocuous: 해 없는, 무해한.

knocker: 문에 달린 노크하는 쇠, 두들기는 사람, 두들기는사람, 문 두드리는 고리쇠, 두드리는 사람, 현관의 문 두드리는 고리쇠. ringed: 반지를 낀, 고리가 있는, 고리 모양의, 결혼한, 약혼한, 고리를 낀. singularity: 단독, 단일, 특이, 비범, 이상, 기이, 기이한 버긋, 괴이, 희한, 단수성, 회유. streaked: 건강을 해친, 불안한, 줄있는, 괴로워하는.

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a puddle on the bare oak floor: his strange walking-stick vertically resting at his side.% It was a polished copper rod, four feet long, lengthwise attached to a neat wooden staff, by insertion into two balls of greenish glass, ringed with copper bands. The metal rod terminated at the top tripodwise, in three keen tines, brightly gilt. He held the thing by the wooden part alone. “Sir,” said I, bowing politely, “have I the honor of a visit from that illustrious god, Jupiter Tonans? So stood he in the Greek statue of old, grasping the lightning-bolt. If you be he, or his viceroy, I have to thank you for this noble storm you have brewed among our mountains. Listen: That was a glorious peal. Ah, to a lover of the majestic, it is a good thing to have the Thunderer himself in one’s cottage. The thunder grows finer for that. But pray be seated. This old rushbottomed arm-chair, I grant, is a poor substitute for your evergreen throne on Olympus; but, condescend to be seated.” While I thus pleasantly spoke, the stranger eyed me, half in wonder, and half in a strange sort of horror; but did not move a foot. “Do, sir, be seated; you need to be dried ere going forth again.” I planted the chair invitingly on the broad hearth, where a little fire had been kindled that afternoon to dissipate the dampness, not the cold; for it was early in the month of September. But without heeding my solicitation, and still standing in the middle of the floor, the stranger gazed at me portentously and spoke. “Sir,” said he, “excuse me; but instead of my accepting your invitation to be seated on the hearth there, I solemnly warn you, that you had best accept mine, and stand with me in the middle of the room. Good heavens!” he cried, starting—”there is another of those awful crashes. I warn you, sir, quit the hearth.” “Mr. Jupiter Tonans,” said I, quietly rolling my body on the stone, “I stand very well here.”

Korean condescend: 짐짓 친절하게 대하다, 창피를 무릅쓰고 하다, 자기를 낮추다, 겸손히행하다, 겸손, 겸손한, 겸허, 굽히다, 대등한 처지가 되다, 은혜를 베푸는 것처럼 굴다, 친절히 하다. dampness: 습기, 축축함. dissipate: 낭비하다, 흩뜨리다, 방탕하다, 사라지다, 몰아대다, 몰아내다, 방산하다, 흩어져 없어지다, 난봉부리다, 탕진하다.

evergreen: 상록의, 영겹, 상록수, 상록수-영원, 영원, 언제까지나 신선한 것, 상록수의 가지. gilt: 금도금한, 금박, 금니, 금분, 암퇘지, 입힌 금, 금도 금의. greenish: 초록빛이 도는. illustrious: 유명한, 저명한, 현저한, 찬란한, 빛나는, 혁혁한. invitingly: 권유하다, 야기시키다, 초대장, 끌다, 간청하다, 초대하다. majestic: 당당한, 위엄 있는,

위엄있는. peal: 울림, 한 벌의 종, 종소리의 울림, 종악, 울려 퍼지다, 울려 퍼지게 하다, 음악적으로 가락을 맞춘 한 벌의 종, 종 따위의 울림, 천둥 따위의 울림, 대포 따위의 울림, 우렁차게 울려 퍼지게 하다. solicitation: 간원, 유혹, 간청, 교사, 권유, 귀찮게 졸라댐, 손님끌기, 애걸복걸, 유도, 증회 유치. viceroy: 부왕, 총독, 태수.

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“Are you so horridly ignorant, then,” he cried, “as not to know, that by far the most dangerous part of a house, during such a terrific tempest as this, is the fire-place?” “Nay, I did not know that,” involuntarily stepping upon the first board next to the stone.% The stranger now assumed such an unpleasant air of successful admonition, that—quite involuntarily again—I stepped back upon the hearth, and threw myself into the erectest, proudest posture I could command. But I said nothing. “For Heaven’s sake,” he cried, with a strange mixture of alarm and intimidation—”for Heaven’s sake, get off the hearth! Know you not, that the heated air and soot are conductors;—to say nothing of those immense iron firedogs? Quit the spot—I conjure—I command you.” “Mr. Jupiter Tonans, I am not accustomed to be commanded in my own house.” “Call me not by that pagan name. You are profane in this time of terror.” “Sir, will you be so good as to tell me your business? If you seek shelter from the storm, you are welcome, so long as you be civil; but if you come on business, open it forthwith. Who are you?” “I am a dealer in lightning-rods,” said the stranger, softening his tone; “my special business is—Merciful heaven! what a crash!—Have you ever been struck—your premises, I mean? No? It’s best to be provided;”—significantly rattling his metallic staff on the floor;—”by nature, there are no castles in thunder-storms; yet, say but the word, and of this cottage I can make a Gibraltar by a few waves of this wand. Hark, what Himalayas of concussions!” “You interrupted yourself; your special business you were about to speak of.” “My special business is to travel the country for orders for lightning-rods. This is my specimen-rod;” tapping his staff; “I have the best of references”— fumbling in his pockets. “In Criggan last month, I put up three-and-twenty rods on only five buildings.”

Korean accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느 때와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에 익숙한. admonition: 훈계, 타이름, 충고, 경고, 훈방, 설유. hark: 듣다, 경청하다. heated: 격한, 뜨거워진, 흥분, 가열된, 흥분한. horridly: 무시무시하게. ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는, 무지몽매한, 무지에서 비롯되는,

무지한. jupiter: 목성, 주피터, 중거리 탄도탄. metallic: 금속의, 엄한, 냉철한. pagan: 이교도, 무종교자, 이교의, 이교화하다, 이단의, 이교도의. profane: 세속적인, 이교적인, 불경한, 모독의, 남용하다, 사교의-더럽히다, 사교의, 더럽히다, 신성을 더럽히는, 오용하다, 의 신성을 더럽히다. rattling: 활발한, 굉장한, 덜거덕거리는, 훌륭한, 아주, 성가신,

매우, 딸랑거리는, 대단히, 기운찬, 귀찮은. softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망, 뇌연화, 우둔. soot: 그을음, 검댕, 그을음투성이로 하다. tempest: 대소동, 사나운비바람, 폭풍우, 대폭풍우, 대폭설, 몹시 사나워지게 하다. wand: 지휘봉, 지팡이, 과녁판, 관장, 직표, 표적판.

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“Let me see. Was it not at Criggan last week, about midnight on Saturday, that the steeple, the big elm, and the assembly-room cupola were struck? Any of your rods there?”% “Not on the tree and cupola, but the steeple.” “Of what use is your rod, then?” “Of life-and-death use. But my workman was heedless. In fitting the rod at top to the steeple, he allowed a part of the metal to graze the tin sheeting. Hence the accident. Not my fault, but his. Hark!” “Never mind. That clap burst quite loud enough to be heard without fingerpointing. Did you hear of the event at Montreal last year? A servant girl struck at her bed-side with a rosary in her hand; the beads being metal. Does your beat extend into the Canadas?” “No. And I hear that there, iron rods only are in use. They should have mine, which are copper. Iron is easily fused. Then they draw out the rod so slender, that it has not body enough to conduct the full electric current. The metal melts; the building is destroyed. My copper rods never act so. Those Canadians are fools. Some of them knob the rod at the top, which risks a deadly explosion, instead of imperceptibly carrying down the current into the earth, as this sort of rod does. Mine is the only true rod. Look at it. Only one dollar a foot.” “This abuse of your own calling in another might make one distrustful with respect to yourself.” “Hark! The thunder becomes less muttering. It is nearing us, and nearing the earth, too. Hark! One crammed crash! All the vibrations made one by nearness. Another flash. Hold!” “What do you?” I said, seeing him now, instantaneously relinquishing his staff, lean intently forward towards the window, with his right fore and middle fingers on his left wrist. But ere the words had well escaped me, another exclamation escaped him. “Crash! only three pulses—less than a third of a mile off—yonder, somewhere in that wood. I passed three stricken oaks there, ripped out new and

Korean clap: 임질, 가볍게 치다, 손뼉치기, 박수, 치다, 파열음, 일격, 탕하는 소리, 툭 두드리기, 철썩때리다, 파닥이다. cupola: 둥근 지붕, 선회 포탑, 큐폴라, 둥근 지붕의 탑, 둥근 천장, 반구모양의 융기, 용선로, 반구 모양의 기관, 반구 모양의 융기, 둥근 지붕의 꼭대기 탑. exclamation: 감탄, 외침, 감탄사, 감탄부호, 절규.

fore: 전면, 전방에-전방, 전방에, 기수에, 이 위험하다, 의 에, 앞쪽, 전방, 이물에, 앞 전방의, 앞 앞면의. graze: 스치기, 찰과상, 목초, 풀을 먹이다, 스치다, 스쳐 벗기다, 목축, 약간 닿다, 생풀을 먹다, 생풀을 먹이다, 스쳐 지나가다. imperceptibly: 관찰할 수 없는, 근소한, 점차적인. instantaneously: 즉석의, 동시에 일어나는.

nearness: 가까움, 근사, 접근, 근친, 인색, 흡사, 친밀함. rosary: 로자리오, 장미원, 장미꽃밭, 로자리오의 기도, 매괴신공, 묵주, 장미화단, 로사리오. sheeting: 판금, 시트, 판자울, 흙막이널, 울판자, 시트감. steeple: 뾰족탑, 뾰족한 탑. stricken: 맞은, 다친, 덮친, 습격당한. workman: 노동자, 일을 하는 사람, 노동자의.

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glittering. The oak draws lightning more than other timber, having iron in solution in its sap. Your floor here seems oak.% “Heart-of-oak. From the peculiar time of your call upon me, I suppose you purposely select stormy weather for your journeys. When the thunder is roaring, you deem it an hour peculiarly favorable for producing impressions favorable to your trade.” “Hark!—Awful!” “For one who would arm others with fear you seem unbeseemingly timorous yourself. Common men choose fair weather for their travels: you choose thunder-storms; and yet—” “That I travel in thunder-storms, I grant; but not without particular precautions, such as only a lightning-rod man may know. Hark! Quick—look at my specimen rod. Only one dollar a foot.” “A very fine rod, I dare say. But what are these particular precautions of yours? Yet first let me close yonder shutters; the slanting rain is beating through the sash. I will bar up.” “Are you mad? Know you not that yon iron bar is a swift conductor? Desist.” “I will simply close the shutters, then, and call my boy to bring me a wooden bar. Pray, touch the bell-pull there. “Are you frantic? That bell-wire might blast you. Never touch bell-wire in a thunder-storm, nor ring a bell of any sort.” “Nor those in belfries? Pray, will you tell me where and how one may be safe in a time like this? Is there any part of my house I may touch with hopes of my life?” “There is; but not where you now stand. Come away from the wall. The current will sometimes run down a wall, and—a man being a better conductor than a wall—it would leave the wall and run into him. Swoop! That must have fallen very nigh. That must have been globular lightning.”

Korean blast: 소리, 한 바탕 부는 바람, 시들게 하다, 돌풍, 폭파하다, 울려퍼짐폭파하다, 폭발, 한 줄기 강한 바람, 형편 없는 실패, 총을 쏘다, 폭풍. conductor: 전도체, 지휘자, 안내자, 지도자, 피뢰침, 차장, 관리인, 수로 도관, 도체, 도선, 경영자. dollar: 달러, 오실링 은화, 불, 금전. frantic: 심히 흥분한, 미친, 광란의, 심히흥분한, 황급한, 굉장한, 미친 사람 같은.

glittering: 빛나는, 반짝이는. globular: 공 모양의, 작은 알로 된, 작은 구체로 된, 구형의. peculiarly: 특히, 독특하게, 각별히, 괴이하게, 색다르게, 개인적으로. producing: 산출하는. sap: 대호, 바보, 생기, 점점 약화시키다, 기운, 시든, 활기 없는 재미없는, 점점 무너뜨리다, 수액, 대호를 파다, 짧은 방망이. sash: 창틀, 장식띠, 허리띠, 어깨띠,

여닫이창, 새시를 달다, 유리창. stormy: 폭풍우의, 소란스러운, 날씨가 험악한, 격렬한, 폭풍우 같은. swoop: 잡아채다, 위로부터의 습격, 위에서 와락 덮치다, 급습하다, 움켜잡다, 급습, 내리 덮치다. thunder: 위협, 우레, 천둥, 비난, 호통, 장기를 가로채다, 요란한 울림, 천둥치다, 위협하다, 호통치다, 요란한 소리를 내다. timorous: 겁많은.

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“Very probably. Tell me at once, which is, in your opinion, the safest part of this house? “This room, and this one spot in it where I stand. Come hither.”% “The reasons first.” “Hark!—after the flash the gust—the sashes shiver—the house, the house!— Come hither to me!” “The reasons, if you please.” “Come hither to me!” “Thank you again, I think I will try my old stand—the hearth. And now, Mr. Lightning-rod-man, in the pauses of the thunder, be so good as to tell me your reasons for esteeming this one room of the house the safest, and your own one stand-point there the safest spot in it.” There was now a little cessation of the storm for a while. The Lightning-rod man seemed relieved, and replied:— “Your house is a one-storied house, with an attic and a cellar; this room is between. Hence its comparative safety. Because lightning sometimes passes from the clouds to the earth, and sometimes from the earth to the clouds. Do you comprehend?—and I choose the middle of the room, because if the lightning should strike the house at all, it would come down the chimney or walls; so, obviously, the further you are from them, the better. Come hither to me, now.” “Presently. Something you just said, instead of alarming me, has strangely inspired confidence.” “What have I said?” “You said that sometimes lightning flashes from the earth to the clouds.” “Aye, the returning-stroke, as it is called; when the earth, being overcharged with the fluid, flashes its surplus upward.” “The returning-stroke; that is, from earth to sky. Better and better. But come here on the hearth and dry yourself.” “I am better here, and better wet.”

Korean alarming: 놀랄 정도의, 경각심, 경종, 놀라운. attic: 다락방, 아테네풍의, 고전풍의, 고미다락, 더그매 두 고미 다락, 더그매 두 고미 다락방, 애틱. cellar: 지하실, 석탄 저장소, 포도주 저장, 최하위, 포도주 저장실, 저장 포도주, 움, 지하실에 저장하다, 지하실에 저정하다, 땅광. cessation: 중지, 정지, 중단, 휴지. chimney: 등피, 굴뚝, 분화구, 침니,

굴뚝모양의 것, 대단한 흡연가, 굴뚝 모양의 것. comparative: 비교의, 비교급의, 상당한, 상대적인, 비교급, 비교적인, 비교에 의한. flash: 플래시, 섬광, 허식, 번득임, 번득이다, 방류수, 빛나다, 획 지나가다, 홱 나오다, 순가, 가짜의. fluid: 유동성의, 유동체, 변하기 쉬운, 유체, 아름답고 부드러운, 곧잘 변하는, 현금화될 수 있는.

inspired: 영감을 받은, 숨을 들이마신, 영감으로 쓰여진, 사실에 기인하지 않는, 내의를 받은, 뜻을 반영한, 영감을 느낀, 사주를 받은. opinion: 의견, 평가, 소신, 판단, 감정, 여론, 선악의 판단, 전문가의 의견. storm: 폭풍우, 강습, 강습하다, 날뛰다, 호통치다, 빗발치듯 하는 총알, 큰비, 폭발, 돌진하다, 험알해지다, 심한 천둥. surplus: 잉여, 여분, 나머지, 과잉의.

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“How?” “It is the safest thing you can do—Hark, again!—to get yourself thoroughly drenched in a thunder-storm. Wet clothes are better conductors than the body; and so, if the lightning strike, it might pass down the wet clothes without touching the body. The storm deepens again. Have you a rug in the house? Rugs are non-conductors. Get one, that I may stand on it here, and you, too. The skies blacken—it is dusk at noon. Hark!—the rug, the rug!” I gave him one; while the hooded mountains seemed closing and tumbling into the cottage.% “And now, since our being dumb will not help us,” said I, resuming my place, “let me hear your precautions in traveling during thunder-storms.” “Wait till this one is passed.” “Nay, proceed with the precautions. You stand in the safest possible place according to your own account. Go on.” “Briefly, then. I avoid pine-trees, high houses, lonely barns, upland pastures, running water, flocks of cattle and sheep, a crowd of men. If I travel on foot—as to-day—I do not walk fast; if in my buggy, I touch not its back or sides; if on horseback, I dismount and lead the horse. But of all things, I avoid tall men.” “Do I dream? Man avoid man? and in danger-time, too.” “Tall men in a thunder-storm I avoid. Are you so grossly ignorant as not to know, that the height of a six-footer is sufficient to discharge an electric cloud upon him? Are not lonely Kentuckians, ploughing, smit in the unfinished furrow? Nay, if the six-footer stand by running water, the cloud will sometimes select him as its conductor to that running water. Hark! Sure, yon black pinnacle is split. Yes, a man is a good conductor. The lightning goes through and through a man, but only peels a tree. But sir, you have kept me so long answering your questions, that I have not yet come to business. Will you order one of my rods? Look at this specimen one? See: it is of the best of copper. Copper’s the best conductor. Your house is low; but being upon the mountains, that lowness does not one whit depress it. You mountaineers are most exposed. In mountainous

Korean answering: 상응하는, 응답의. buggy: 빈대가많은, 벌레투성이의, 이륜 경마차, 말한필이끄는 4 륜마차. depress: 저하시키다, 약화시키다, 풀이 죽게 만들다, 내리 누르다, 쇠약하게 하다, 우울하게 하다, 기를 꺾다, 내리누르다. dismount: 내리다, 분해하다, 떼어내다, 말에서 떨어뜨리다, 아래로 내려 놓다, 틀에서 빼내다, 내리게 하다.

exposed: 드러난, 노출된, 비바람을 맞는, 노출한. furrow: 주물살이 생기게 하다, 두둑을 짓다, 보습자리, 항적, 밭고랑, 이랑을 짓다, 주름살이 지다, 주름살, 쟁기로 갈다, 고랑, 주름살-쟁기로 갈다. hooded: 두건을 쓴, 두건 모양의, 모자 모양의, 포장을 씌운, 두건을 씁, 씌우개가 달린, 두건을 깊숙히 쓴, 덮개가 달린. horseback: 말의 등, 말등, 말을 타고.

lowness: 낮음, 미천야비, 헐값, 의기소침, 풀죽음, 비천. pinnacle: 높은 곳에 두다, 높은 산봉우리, 작은 뾰족탑, 작은 뽀족탑, 작은 첨탑, 첨탑에 설치하다. traveling: 이동, 여행, 여행용의, 움직이는, 순회하는, 이동하는, 움직일 수 있는, 활주하는, 여행의, 순회 흥행, 순력. tumbling: 텀블링. whit: 조금, 미소, 성령 강림 대축일.

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countries%the lightning-rod man should have most business. Look at the specimen, sir. One rod will answer for a house so small as this. Look over these recommendations. Only one rod, sir; cost, only twenty dollars. Hark! There go all the granite Taconics and Hoosics dashed together like pebbles. By the sound, that must have struck something. An elevation of five feet above the house, will protect twenty feet radius all about the rod. Only twenty dollars, sir—a dollar a foot. Hark!—Dreadful!—Will you order? Will you buy? Shall I put down your name? Think of being a heap of charred offal, like a haltered horse burnt in his stall; and all in one flash!” “You pretended envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to and from Jupiter Tonans,” laughed I; “you mere man who come here to put you and your pipestem between clay and sky, do you think that because you can strike a bit of green light from the Leyden jar, that you can thoroughly avert the supernal bolt? Your rod rusts, or breaks, and where are you? Who has empowered you, you Tetzel, to peddle round your indulgences from divine ordinations? The hairs of our heads are numbered, and the days of our lives. In thunder as in sunshine, I stand at ease in the hands of my God. False negotiator, away! See, the scroll of the storm is rolled back; the house is unharmed; and in the blue heavens I read in the rainbow, that the Deity will not, of purpose, make war on man’s earth.” “Impious wretch!” foamed the stranger, blackening in the face as the rainbow beamed, “I will publish your infidel notions.” The scowl grew blacker on his face; the indigo-circles enlarged round his eyes as the storm-rings round the midnight moon. He sprang upon me; his triforked thing at my heart. I seized it; I snapped it; I dashed it; I trod it; and dragging the dark lightningking out of my door, flung his elbowed, copper sceptre after him. But spite of my treatment, and spite of my dissuasive talk of him to my neighbors, the Lightning-rod man still dwells in the land; still travels in stormtime, and drives a brave trade with the fears of man.

Korean avert: 피하다, 돌리다, 막다. blacker: 검게 하는 사람, 비방하는 사람. dissuasive: 말리는, 말리기 위한, 마음을 돌리게 하는. granite: 화강암, 쑥돌. infidel: 이교도, 이교도의, 믿음이 없는 사람, 불신자, 신앙심 없는 사람, 신앙심이 없는, 신앙심이 없는 사람, 이단자의. negotiator: 교섭자, 양도인, 협상의,

협상자. offal: 겨, 기울, 부스러기, 찌꺼기, 찌꺼기 고기, 하치 생선. peddle: 행상하다, 행상인, 소매하다, 조금씩 잘라 팔다. pipestem: 말라서 가느다란 팔, 담배 파이프의 대. plenipotentiary: 전권 대사, 전권을 가지는, 전권을 가진이 있는, 전권을 가진, 전권 위원, 절대적인. sceptre: 왕권, 왕위, 왕위에 앉히다,

홀. scowl: 찌푸린 얼굴, 잔뜩 찌푸린 날씨, 험악 해지다, 험한 날씨, 얼굴을 찌푸리다. scroll: 수결, 소용돌이 장식, 족자, 스크롤, 표, 문장의 명을 써 넣은 리본, 소용돌이 꼴의 장식, 두루마리책, 말다, 두루말이, 두루마리. supernal: 천상의, 신의, 높은, 이 세상것이 아닌.

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THE %ENCANTADAS, OR ENCHANTED ISLES BY SALVATOR R. TARNMOOR

SKETCH FIRST THE ISLES AT LARGE —”That may not be, said then the ferryman, Least we unweeting hap to be fordonne; For those same islands seeming now and than, Are not firme land, nor any certein wonne, But stragling plots which to and fro do ronne In the wide waters; therefore are they hight The Wandering Islands; therefore do them shonne; For they have oft drawne many a wandring wight Into most deadly daunger and distressed plight; For whosoever once hath fastened His foot thereon may never it secure But wandreth evermore uncertein and unsure.” *

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Korean deadly: 치명적인, 심한, 몹시, 죽음 같 은, 주검처럼, 용서 할수 없는, 용서 할수 없는-주검처럼, 죽음과 같은, 죽 은 사람과 같은, 매우 효과적인, 살려 둘 수 없는. distressed: 피로한, 궁핍한, 구유핍한, 투매의, 고민하는. evermore: 항상, 언제나, 영구히, 영원 히. ferryman: 도선업자, 나룻배 사공, 나 룻배사공, 나룻배 업자.

foot: 발, 운각, 보병, 최하부, 아랫 부 분, 산기슭, 발부분, 딛다, 걷다, 말석, 걸음. hap: 우연, 행운, 우연한 일, 일어나다, 우연이 일어나다. nor: 부정논리화, 보다도, 도 또한 ...않 다, 없다, 도 아니다. oft: 자주, 종종. plight: 상태, 서약, 서약하다, 곤경, 보 통 나쁜 상태, 맹세하다, 맹세. secure: 확실한, 튼튼한, 확신하는, 안

전한, 구하다, 안전히 하다, 안전하게 되다, 붙들어 매다, 보험에 들다, 보증 하다, 단단히 잠그다. seeming: 겉으로의, 외관상의 겉보기, 외관, 겉모양, 외관상의, 표면만의. thereon: 그 위에, 그 즉시, 그 후 즉시. whosoever: 누구나, 도대체 누가, 도대 체 누구를. wight: 사람, 인간, 생물, 초자연적 존 재.

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“Darke, dolefull, dreary, like a greedy grave, That still for carrion carcasses doth crave; On top whereof ay dwelt the ghastly owl, Shrieking his balefull note, which ever drave Far from that haunt all other cheerful fowl, And all about it wandring ghosts did wayle and howl.” Take five-and-twenty heaps of cinders dumped here and there in an outside city lot; imagine some of them magnified into mountains, and the vacant lot the sea; and you will have a fit idea of the general aspect of the Encantadas, or Enchanted Isles. A group rather of extinct volcanoes than of isles; looking much as the world at large might, after a penal conflagration.% It is to be doubted whether any spot of earth can, in desolateness, furnish a parallel to this group. Abandoned cemeteries of long ago, old cities by piecemeal tumbling to their ruin, these are melancholy enough; but, like all else which has but once been associated with humanity, they still awaken in us some thoughts of sympathy, however sad. Hence, even the Dead Sea, along with whatever other emotions it may at times inspire, does not fail to touch in the pilgrim some of his less unpleasurable feelings. And as for solitariness; the great forests of the north, the expanses of unnavigated waters, the Greenland ice-fields, are the profoundest of solitudes to a human observer; still the magic of their changeable tides and seasons mitigates their terror; because, though unvisited by men, those forests are visited by the May; the remotest seas reflect familiar stars even as Lake Erie does; and in the clear air of a fine Polar day, the irradiated, azure ice shows beautifully as malachite. But the special curse, as one may call it, of the Encantadas, that which exalts them in desolation above Idumea and the Pole, is, that to them change never comes; neither the change of seasons nor of sorrows. Cut by the Equator, they know not autumn, and they know not spring; while already reduced to the lees of fire, ruin itself can work little more upon them. The showers refresh the

Korean ay: 항상, 찬성! 찬성 언제나, 그렇소, 아아, 찬성자, 영구히, 찬성. carrion: 썩은 고기, 썩은 고기를 먹는, 썩은, 죽은 짐승고기, 불결물. changeable: 변덕스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 불안정한, 가변서의, 변경할 수 잇는, 변하기쉬운, 여러가지 색으로 변화해 보이는, 여러 가지 색 으로 변화해 보 이는, 가변성의. crave: 간청하다, 열망하다, 필요로하 다, 간절히바라다, 필요로 하다, 갈망

하다. desolation: 쓸쓸함, 황폐, 황량, 서글 픔, 페허, 폐허, 서글품, 황폐케함. doth: 현재형, 직설법. ghastly: 무시무시한, 지독한, 송장같 은, 핼쑥한, 파랗게 질린, 무섭게, 무 서운, 할쑥한, 심한, 무시무시하게. inspire: 고무하다, 시사하다, 불어넣다 , 영감을 주다, 숨을 들이 쉬다, 숨을 들이쉬다, 일어나게하다, 빨아들이다, 지시를 주다, 고취하다, 감격시키다.

irradiated: 조사된. malachite: 공작석. piecemeal: 조금씩, 조각난, 산산이 조 각난, 산산이, 산산조각의, 제각기. pilgrim: 순례자, 방랑, 여행, 방랑자, 어느 지방으로의 새 이주자, 필그림 파더즈중의 한 사람, 순례하다, 새 전 입자, 새 전입이주자, 어느 지방으로 의 새 전입자. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇 에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의.

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deserts; but in these isles, rain never falls. Like split Syrian gourds left withering in the sun, they are cracked by an everlasting drought beneath a torrid sky. “Have mercy upon me,” the wailing spirit of the Encantadas seems to cry, “and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am tormented in this flame.” Another feature in these isles is their emphatic uninhabitableness. It is deemed a fit type of all-forsaken overthrow, that the jackal should den in the wastes of weedy Babylon; but the Encantadas refuse to harbor even the outcasts of the beasts. Man and wolf alike disown them. Little but reptile life is here found: tortoises, lizards, immense spiders, snakes, and that strangest anomaly of outlandish nature, the aguano. No voice, no low, no howl is heard; the chief sound of life here is a hiss.% On most of the isles where vegetation is found at all, it is more ungrateful than the blankness of Aracama. Tangled thickets of wiry bushes, without fruit and without a name, springing up among deep fissures of calcined rock, and treacherously masking them; or a parched growth of distorted cactus trees. In many places the coast is rock-bound, or, more properly, clinker-bound; tumbled masses of blackish or greenish stuff like the dross of an iron-furnace, forming dark clefts and caves here and there, into which a ceaseless sea pours a fury of foam; overhanging them with a swirl of gray, haggard mist, amidst which sail screaming flights of unearthly birds heightening the dismal din. However calm the sea without, there is no rest for these swells and those rocks; they lash and are lashed, even when the outer ocean is most at peace with, itself. On the oppressive, clouded days, such as are peculiar to this part of the watery Equator, the dark, vitrified masses, many of which raise themselves among white whirlpools and breakers in detached and perilous places off the shore, present a most Plutonian sight. In no world but a fallen one could such lands exist. Those parts of the strand free from the marks of fire, stretch away in wide level beaches of multitudinous dead shells, with here and there decayed bits of sugar-cane, bamboos, and cocoanuts, washed upon this other and darker world from the charming palm isles to the westward and southward; all the way from

Korean blackish: 거무스름한. blankness: 공백, 단조. cactus: 선인장. decayed: 부식하는. disown: 의절하다, 부인하다, 자기 것 이 아니라고 말하다. dross: 쇠똥, 찌끼, 부스러기, 쓸모 없 는 것. jackal: 재칼, 앞잡이, 앞잡이 노릇하다 , 앞잡이노릇하다, 남의 앞잡이로 이 용되는 사람, 앞잡이 노릇을 하다.

multitudinous: 수많은, 다수의. outlandish: 이국풍의, 색다른. reptile: 비열한, 기어다니는, 파행 동 물, 파행하는, 파충류의, 파충류 동물, 파충류, 악의있는, 비열한 사람, 악랄 한 인간, 비열한 인간. southward: 남으로부터, 남으로, 남쪽 에, 남쪽으로, 남쪽으로의, 남쪽의. swirl: 소용돌이치다, 소용돌이, 소용 돌이치게 하다, 소용돌이꼴로 되다, 휘감기다, 빙빙돌다, 소용돌이에 휩쓸

어 나르다, 눈보라, 아찔아찔하다, 물 고기가 물속에서 튀는 것. torrid: 열렬한, 염열의, 탄. treacherously: 불충하게, 믿을 수 없게 . unearthly: 섬뜩한, 상식밖의, 이 세상 것 같지 않은, 비현실적인, 기분나쁜, 굉장한, 이세상의 것 같지 않은, 초자 연적인, 터무니 없는, 무시무시한, 소 름 끼치는. withering: 시들게 하는, 위축시키는.

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Paradise to Tartarus; while mixed with the relics of distant beauty you will sometimes see fragments of charred wood and mouldering ribs of wrecks. Neither will any one be surprised at meeting these last, after observing the conflicting currents which eddy throughout nearly all the wide channels of the entire group. The capriciousness of the tides of air sympathizes with those of the sea. Nowhere is the wind so light, baffling, and every way unreliable, and so given to perplexing calms, as at the Encantadas. Nigh a month has been spent by a ship going from one isle to another, though but ninety miles between; for owing to the force of the current, the boats employed to tow barely suffice to keep the craft from sweeping upon the cliffs, but do nothing towards accelerating her voyage. Sometimes it is impossible for a vessel from afar to fetch up with the group itself, unless large allowances for prospective lee-way have been made ere its coming in sight. And yet, at other times, there is a mysterious indraft, which irresistibly draws a passing vessel among the isles, though not bound to them.% True, at one period, as to some extent at the present day, large fleets of whalemen cruised for spermaceti upon what some seamen call the Enchanted Ground. But this, as in due place will be described, was off the great outer isle of Albemarle, away from the intricacies of the smaller isles, where there is plenty of sea-room; and hence, to that vicinity, the above remarks do not altogether apply; though even there the current runs at times with singular force, shifting, too, with as singular a caprice. Indeed, there are seasons when currents quite unaccountable prevail for a great distance round about the total group, and are so strong and irregular as to change a vessel’s course against the helm, though sailing at the rate of four or five miles the hour. The difference in the reckonings of navigators, produced by these causes, along with the light and variable winds, long nourished a persuasion, that there existed two distinct clusters of isles in the parallel of the Encantadas, about a hundred leagues apart. Such was the idea of their earlier visitors, the Buccaneers; and as late as 1750, the charts of that part of the Pacific accorded with the strange delusion. And this apparent fleetingness and

Korean afar: 멀리, 원방에서, 원방에. allowances: 참작. charts: 차트. delusion: 착각, 속임, 미망, 미혹, 현혹 , 매혹. eddy: 소용돌이, 소용돌이치게 하다, 소용돌이치다. fetch: 가져오다, 도달하다, 내다, 오게 하다, 불러오다, 팔리다, 가하다, 가하 다-물건을가져오다, 갖다 주다, 물건 을가져오다, 의 마음을 사로잡다.

indraft: 끌어들임, 유입, 빨아들임, 끌 어 들임. irregular: 불규칙한, 변칙적인, 반칙의, 고르지않은, 갖추지 못한, 고르지 못 한, 비정규군, 규격에 맞지 않는 상품, 규율없는, 규율이 없는, 난잡한. isle: 섬, 작은섬, 섬에 살다. persuasion: 설득, 확신, 종류, 종파, 신 념, 종지. prevail: 이기다, 우세하다, 설복하다, 유행되다, 잘 되다, 설득하다.

relics: 시체, 유물. shifting: 이동하는, 바뀌는, 속임수, 협 잡의, 이동, 수책을 부리는, 술책을 부 리는. spermaceti: 경랍, 경뇌유, 경뇌. tow: 삼 부스러기, 끌려가는 배, 밧줄 로 끌다, 돌보아주다, 거느리다, 끄는 밧줄, 배를 끌기, 끌다, 끌고 가다, 끌 리는 배, 밧줄로 끎. unreliable: 신뢰할 수 없는, 의지할 수 없는.

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unreality of the locality of the isles was most probably one reason for the Spaniards calling them the Encantada, or Enchanted Group.% But not uninfluenced by their character, as they now confessedly exist, the modern voyager will be inclined to fancy that the bestowal of this name might have in part originated in that air of spell-bound desertness which so significantly invests the isles. Nothing can better suggest the aspect of once living things malignly crumbled from ruddiness into ashes. Apples of Sodom, after touching, seem these isles. However wavering their place may seem by reason of the currents, they themselves, at least to one upon the shore, appear invariably the same: fixed, cast, glued into the very body of cadaverous death. Nor would the appellation, enchanted, seem misapplied in still another sense. For concerning the peculiar reptile inhabitant of these wilds—whose presence gives the group its second Spanish name, Gallipagos—concerning the tortoises found here, most mariners have long cherished a superstition, not more frightful than grotesque. They earnestly believe that all wicked sea-officers, more especially commodores and captains, are at death (and, in some cases, before death) transformed into tortoises; thenceforth dwelling upon these hot aridities, sole solitary lords of Asphaltum. Doubtless, so quaintly dolorous a thought was originally inspired by the woe-begone landscape itself; but more particularly, perhaps, by the tortoises. For, apart from their strictly physical features, there is something strangely selfcondemned in the appearance of these creatures. Lasting sorrow and penal hopelessness are in no animal form so suppliantly expressed as in theirs; while the thought of their wonderful longevity does not fail to enhance the impression. Nor even at the risk of meriting the charge of absurdly believing in enchantments, can I restrain the admission that sometimes, even now, when leaving the crowded city to wander out July and August among the Adirondack Mountains, far from the influences of towns and proportionally nigh to the mysterious ones of nature; when at such times I sit me down in the mossy head of some deep-wooded gorge, surrounded by prostrate trunks of blasted pines

Korean appellation: 명칭, 명명, 호칭. bestowal: 증여, 수여, 저장, 처치, 저 처. cherished: 품는, 소중히 하는. confessedly: 자백에 의하면, 자인하는 바와 같이, 명백히. dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처. frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한, 아 주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한, 지독한 . gorge: 게걸스레 먹다, 불쾌, 골짜기,

좁은통로를 막는 물건, 삼킨 음식, 가 득 채우다, 배불리 먹다, 대로를 막는 집적물, 목구멍, 불쾌함, 통로를 막는 집적물. grotesque: 그로테스크풍, 터무니 없는 , 우스운, 기괴한, 고딕체, 괴기미, 그 로테스크 무늬의, 그로테스크풍의, 괴 기한. inhabitant: 주민, 거주자, 서식동물. longevity: 장수, 수명. misapplied: 악용된.

proportionally: 비례하여. quaintly: 기묘하게, 색다르게. ruddiness: 불그스름함, 불그스레함, 붉음, 빨간 빛. suppliantly: 탄원하여. thenceforth: 그때 이래, 그러므로, 그 래서, 그곳에서부터, 그때부터, 거기 서 부터, 그때이래. unreality: 비현실, 실재하지 않는 것, 비현실성, 허구, 비실제적 성격. wavering: 떨리는, 흔들리는.

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and recall, as in a dream, my other and far-distant rovings in the baked heart of the charmed isles; and remember the sudden glimpses of dusky shells, and long languid necks protruded from the leafless thickets; and again have beheld the vitreous inland rocks worn down and grooved into deep ruts by ages and ages of the slow draggings of tortoises in quest of pools of scanty water; I can hardly resist the feeling that in my time I have indeed slept upon evilly enchanted ground.% Nay, such is the vividness of my memory, or the magic of my fancy, that I know not whether I am not the occasional victim of optical delusion concerning the Gallipagos. For, often in scenes of social merriment, and especially at revels held by candle-light in old-fashioned mansions, so that shadows are thrown into the further recesses of an angular and spacious room, making them put on a look of haunted undergrowth of lonely woods, I have drawn the attention of my comrades by my fixed gaze and sudden change of air, as I have seemed to see, slowly emerging from those imagined solitudes, and heavily crawling along the floor, the ghost of a gigantic tortoise, with “Memento * * * * *” burning in live letters upon his back.

SKETCH SECOND TWO SIDES TO A TORTOISE “Most ugly shapes and horrible aspects, Such as Dame Nature selfe mote feare to see, Or shame, that ever should so fowle defects From her most cunning hand escaped bee; All dreadfull pourtraicts of deformitee. No wonder if these do a man appall; For all that here at home we dreadfull hold Be but as bugs to fearen babes withall

Korean angular: 모난, 말라빠진, 각이있는, 태 도가묵뚝뚝한, 딱딱한, 모서리가 있는 , 뼈가 앙상한, 각도의. appall: 오싹하게 하다, 간담을 서늘하 게 하다, 질겁하게 하다. bee: 꿀벌, 모임, 일꾼, 부지런한 사람, 벌. bugs: 미친, 정신이 돌아 생물학, 미쳐. crawling: 크롤링, 벼룩이 꾄, 이가 꾄. cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운, 노 련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한, 재

간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음. defects: 결점들. escaped: 도망한, 탈주한. evilly: 악하게, 융악하게, 불쾌하게, 나 쁘게, 간악하게. grooved: 홈이 있는, 홈이 팬. leafless: 잎 없는. mansions: 아파트. merriment: 웃고 즐기기, 흥겹게 떠들 기, 환락, 유쾌, 명랑한 소동. mote: 티끌, 아주 작은 조각, 남의 사소

한 결점, 오점. quest: 탐색, 탐색하다, 탐구, 찾다, 특 히 사냥개가 사냥감의 뒤를 밟아 찾다 , 사냥감의 뒤를 밟아 찾다. spacious: 넓찍한, 넓은, 드넓은. tortoise: 거북, 느림보, 귀갑 모양의 큰 방패, 귀갑대, 남생이. undergrowth: 덤불, 발육부진전, 관목, 발육 불충분, 잔털. vitreous: 유리질의, 유리의, 유리같은, 유리 같은, 유리로 된.

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Compared to the creatures in these isles’ enthrall *

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“Fear naught, then said the palmer, well avized, For these same monsters are not there indeed, But are into these fearful shapes disguized.% *

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“And lifting up his vertuous staffe on high, Then all that dreadful armie fast gan flye Into great Zethy’s bosom, where they hidden lye.” In view of the description given, may one be gay upon the Encantadas? Yes: that is, find one the gayety, and he will be gay. And, indeed, sackcloth and ashes as they are, the isles are not perhaps unmitigated gloom. For while no spectator can deny their claims to a most solemn and superstitious consideration, no more than my firmest resolutions can decline to behold the spectre-tortoise when emerging from its shadowy recess; yet even the tortoise, dark and melancholy as it is upon the back, still possesses a bright side; its calipee or breast-plate being sometimes of a faint yellowish or golden tinge. Moreover, every one knows that tortoises as well as turtle are of such a make, that if you but put them on their backs you thereby expose their bright sides without the possibility of their recovering themselves, and turning into view the other. But after you have done this, and because you have done this, you should not swear that the tortoise has no dark side. Enjoy the bright, keep it turned up perpetually if you can, but be honest, and don’t deny the black. Neither should he, who cannot turn the tortoise from its natural position so as to hide the darker and expose his livelier aspect, like a great October pumpkin in the sun, for that cause declare the creature to be one total inky blot. The tortoise is both black and bright. But let us to particulars.

Korean emerging: 최근 생겨난, 최근에 만들 어진. enthrall: 노예로 하다, 사로잡다, 매혹 하다, 마음을 빼앗다. hidden: 숨겨진, 숨은. inky: 잉크같은, 잉크의, 새까만, 잉크 묻은, 새카만, 잉크로 표를 한, 잉크묻 은, 더러워진, 잉크로 표시를 한. naught: 무, 제로, 무가치한, 영, 나쁜, 무용의, 망한, 무가치, 붕괴한, 사악한 , 아무것도 아님.

palmer: 성지 순례자, 순례, 참예의 기 념으로 종려나무의 가지를 가지고 돌 아갔음. perpetually: 영구히, 영속적으로, 끊임 없이, 그칠사이 없이, 일년 내내, 시종 . pumpkin: 호박, 허세부리는 사람. recess: 휴회, 휴게, 휴가, 구석, 와, 휴 회하다, 은거지, 휴식, 후미진 곳, 벽 장, 감추다. sackcloth: 즈크, 비탄, 두꺼운 삼베 거

친 삼베옷. solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린, 신 성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한 표정 의, 종교상의, 중대한. spectator: 구경꾼, 방관자, 관찰자, 목 격자. turtle: 호도애, 바다거북, 거북의 고기, 바다거북을 잡다, 터틀. unmitigated: 완화되지 않은, 순전한, 완전한, 누그러지지 않는. yellowish: 누르스름한, 누른빛을 띤.

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Some months before my first stepping ashore upon the group, my ship was cruising in its close vicinity. One noon we found ourselves off the South Head of Albemarle, and not very far from the land. Partly by way of freak, and partly by way of spying out so strange a country, a boat’s crew was sent ashore, with orders to see all they could, and besides, bring back whatever tortoises they could conveniently transport.% It was after sunset, when the adventurers returned. I looked down over the ship’s high side as if looking down over the curb of a well, and dimly saw the damp boat, deep in the sea with some unwonted weight. Ropes were dropt over, and presently three huge antediluvian-looking tortoises, after much straining, were landed on deck. They seemed hardly of the seed of earth. We had been broad upon the waters for five long months, a period amply sufficient to make all things of the land wear a fabulous hue to the dreamy mind. Had three Spanish custom-house officers boarded us then, it is not unlikely that I should have curiously stared at them, felt of them, and stroked them much as savages serve civilized guests. But instead of three custom-house officers, behold these really wondrous tortoises—none of your schoolboy mud-turtles—but black as widower’s weeds, heavy as chests of plate, with vast shells medallioned and orbed like shields, and dented and blistered like shields that have breasted a battle, shaggy, too, here and there, with dark green moss, and slimy with the spray of the sea. These mystic creatures, suddenly translated by night from unutterable solitudes to our peopled deck, affected me in a manner not easy to unfold. They seemed newly crawled forth from beneath the foundations of the world. Yea, they seemed the identical tortoises whereon the Hindoo plants this total sphere. With a lantern I inspected them more closely. Such worshipful venerableness of aspect! Such furry greenness mantling the rude peelings and healing the fissures of their shattered shells. I no more saw three tortoises. They expanded—became transfigured. I seemed to see three Roman Coliseums in magnificent decay. Ye oldest inhabitants of this, or any other isle, said I, pray, give me the freedom of your three-walled towns.

Korean amply: 충분히, 널히, 널리. freak: 변덕, 기형, 괴물, 얼룩, 진기한, 얼룩지게 하다, 별난, 변덕을 부리다, 괴상한 짓을 하다, 열광자, 성적 도착 자. furry: 모피의, 모피로덮인, 설태가낀, 설태가 낀, 부드러운 털의. inspected: 점검하는, 검사하는, 사열 하는, 시찰하는. lantern: 초롱, 칸델라, 등화실, 환등, 정탑, 등대의 등실, 등실, 채광창, 환

등기. mystic: 신비한, 신비주으자, 비교의, 비교의-신비주으자, 비법의, 신비가, 신비적인, 신비주의적인, 정신적 상징 의. orbed: 공 모양으로 하는. peelings: 껍질 벗기기. slimy: 더러운, 끈적끈적한, 흙투성이 인, 질척질척한, 굽실굽실하는, 진흙 투성이의, 불쾌한. unfold: 펴다, 열다, 열리다, 펼쳐지다,

나타내다, 울에서 내놓다, 펴기. unutterable: 발음할 수 없는, 말도 안 되는, 이루 말할 수 없는, 말로 표현할 수 없는, 철저한. weeds: 상복. worshipful: 존경할 만한, 경건한, 신 앙심이 깊은, 명예 있는. yea: 그렇다, 실로, 참으로, 그렇지, 긍 정, 예, 터무니 없이 높은, 찬성, 터무 니 없이 큰, 손을 펼쳐 보이면서 이렇 게 높은, 네.

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The great feeling inspired by these creatures was that of age:—dateless, indefinite endurance. And in fact that any other creature can live and breathe as long as the tortoise of the Encantadas, I will not readily believe. Not to hint of their known capacity of sustaining life, while going without food for an entire year, consider that impregnable armor of their living mail. What other bodily being possesses such a citadel wherein to resist the assaults of Time? As, lantern in hand, I scraped among the moss and beheld the ancient scars of bruises received in many a sullen fall among the marly mountains of the isle— scars strangely widened, swollen, half obliterate, and yet distorted like those sometimes found in the bark of very hoary trees, I seemed an antiquary of a geologist, studying the bird-tracks and ciphers upon the exhumed slates trod by incredible creatures whose very ghosts are now defunct.% As I lay in my hammock that night, overhead I heard the slow weary draggings of the three ponderous strangers along the encumbered deck. Their stupidity or their resolution was so great, that they never went aside for any impediment. One ceased his movements altogether just before the mid-watch. At sunrise I found him butted like a battering-ram against the immovable foot of the foremast, and still striving, tooth and nail, to force the impossible passage. That these tortoises are the victims of a penal, or malignant, or perhaps a downright diabolical enchanter, seems in nothing more likely than in that strange infatuation of hopeless toil which so often possesses them. I have known them in their journeyings ram themselves heroically against rocks, and long abide there, nudging, wriggling, wedging, in order to displace them, and so hold on their inflexible path. Their crowning curse is their drudging impulse to straightforwardness in a belittered world. Meeting with no such hinderance as their companion did, the other tortoises merely fell foul of small stumbling-blocks—buckets, blocks, and coils of rigging—and at times in the act of crawling over them would slip with an astounding rattle to the deck. Listening to these draggings and concussions, I thought me of the haunt from which they came; an isle full of metallic ravines and gulches, sunk bottomlessly into the hearts of splintered mountains, and

Korean antiquary: 고물 또는 골동 수집가, 고 물연구가, 골동품상, 호고 학자. armor: 갑옷, 철갑, 기갑부대, 투구, 갑 주, 방호복, 방호기관, 장갑, 기갑 부 대, 기갑, 갑옷을 입히다. astounding: 몹시 놀라게 하는, 아주 대단한, 어안이 벙벙하게 하는, 깜짝 놀라게 할. crowning: 최고의, 더할 나위 없는, 더 할나위없는, 무상의, 더할 나위 없는 것.

enchanter: 마법사, 매력있는 사람, 매 혹시키는 사람, 매혹하는 사람, 요술 쟁이, 매력 있는 사람. foremast: 앞돛대, 앞 돛대. heroically: 용맹스럽게, 장렬하게, 영 웅답게, 늠름하게, 영웅적으로. hoary: 오래된, 고색이 창연한, 나이 들 어 점잖은, 백발의, 회백색의, 하얗게 된. infatuation: 심취, 열중케 하는 것, 열 중케 함, 열중하게 하는것, 정신을 잃

게, 흘림, 열중하게 하기. marly: 이회질의, 이화암 모양의, 이회 토로 된, 이회토 비슷한, 이회암으로 된, 이회암 모양의. obliterate: 말살하다, 지우다, 의 흔적 을 없애다, 흔적을 없애다. ponderous: 육중한, 다루기 힘든, 답답 한, 대단히 무거운, 묵직한, 매우 무거 운. straightforwardness: 똑바름, 솔직함, 간단함.

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covered for many miles with inextricable thickets. I then pictured these three straight-forward monsters, century after century, writhing through the shades, grim as blacksmiths; crawling so slowly and ponderously, that not only did toadstools and all fungus things grow beneath their feet, but a sooty moss sprouted upon their backs. With them I lost myself in volcanic mazes; brushed away endless boughs of rotting thickets; till finally in a dream I found myself sitting crosslegged upon the foremost, a Brahmin similarly mounted upon either side, forming a tripod of foreheads which upheld the universal cope.% Such was the wild nightmare begot by my first impression of the Encantadas tortoise. But next evening, strange to say, I sat down with my shipmates, and made a merry repast from tortoise steaks, and tortoise stews; and supper over, out knife, and helped convert the three mighty concave shells into three fanciful soup-tureens, and polished the three flat yellowish calipees into three gorgeous salvers.

SKETCH THIRD ROCK RODONDO “For they this tight the Rock of vile Reproach, A dangerous and dreadful place, To which nor fish nor fowl did once approach, But yelling meaws with sea-gulls hoars and bace And cormoyrants with birds of ravenous race, Which still sit waiting on that dreadful clift.” *

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“With that the rolling sea resounding soft In his big base them fitly answered, And on the Rock, the waves breaking aloft,

Korean concave: 요면, 오목면, 오목한, 오목하 게 하다, 오목해지다, 요면의, 오목함. crosslegged: 발을 꼰. fanciful: 공상의, 변덕스런, 기발한, 기 상 천외한, 공상에 잠기는. fitly: 적당하게, 알맞게, 시기에 맞게, 꼭 맞게, 적당히, 적절히, 정연하게. fungus: 진균류, 갑자기 생기는 것, 균, 일시적 현상, 버섯. gorgeous: 호화스러운, 화려한, 훌륭한 .

inextricable: 해결 할 수 없는, 뒤얽힌, 풀수 없는, 탈출할수 없는, 풀리지 않 는, 풀 수 없는. merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한, 거나 한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한 기분의. mighty: 거대한, 강대한, 굉장한, 힘센, 위대한, 몹시, 센, 물체가 센, 사람이 센. moss: 이끼, 늪, 이끼로덮다, 이탄지, 남자 이름. polished: 닦은, 광택이 있는, 세련된,

우아한, 닦아 낸, 갈아 낸. ravenous: 굶주린, 게걸든, 게걸스럽게 먹는, 탐욕스런, 마구 먹어대는. resounding: 반향하는, 널리 알려진, 메아리치는, 울려퍼지는, 울리는, 틀 림없는. rolling: 구르는, 굴리기, 회전. tripod: 삼각, 삼각 걸상, 삼각의, 삼각 의자, 삼각기, 삼각대, 그 모조품. volcanic: 폭발성의, 화산의, 격렬한, 화산이 있는, 화산암.

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A%solemn ineane unto them measured.” *

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“Then he the boteman bad row easily, And let him heare some part of that rare melody.” *

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“Even all the nation of unfortunate And fatal birds about them flocked were.” To go up into a high stone tower is not only a very fine thing in itself, but the very best mode of gaining a comprehensive view of the region round about. It is all the better if this tower stand solitary and alone, like that mysterious Newport one, or else be sole survivor of some perished castle. Now, with reference to the Enchanted Isles, we are fortunately supplied with just such a noble point of observation in a remarkable rock, from its peculiar figure called of old by the Spaniards, Rock Rodondo, or Round Rock. Some two hundred and fifty feet high, rising straight from the sea ten miles from land, with the whole mountainous group to the south and east. Rock Rodondo occupies, on a large scale, very much the position which the famous Campanile or detached Bell Tower of St. Mark does with respect to the tangled group of hoary edifices around it. Ere ascending, however, to gaze abroad upon the Encantadas, this sea-tower itself claims attention. It is visible at the distance of thirty miles; and, fully participating in that enchantment which pervades the group, when first seen afar

Korean ascending: 올라가는, 상승적인, 오르 는, 위를 향한. detached: 떨어진, 분견된, 공평한, 분 리된, 초연한. fatal: 숙명적인, 치명적인, 결정적인, 운명의. fluttering: 펄럭이다. innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는, 이루 셀 수 없는. mountainous: 산이 많은, 산더미 같은 , 산지의, 산과 같은.

mysterious: 불가사의한, 이상한, 신비 한, 신비적인. noble: 고귀한, 훌륭한, 귀족, 고결한, 귀중한, 당당한, 숭고한, 유명한, 뛰어 난, 독선가, 노블금화파업 파괴지도자 . peculiar: 독특한, 묘한, 특유한, 특성, 괴상함, 특별한, 사유 재산, 고유한, 특수 지역, 특수 교구, 다른 관구의 감 독 지배하의 특수 지역. sore: 상처, 아픈, 언짢은 추억, 지독한,

성마른, 슬픈, 아프게, 얼얼한, 비통, 힘차게, 진무른데. tangled: 얽힌, 혼란을 일으킨, 분규의. unfortunate: 유감스러운, 불길한, 불 행한, 불행한 결과를 가져오는, 불운 한 사람, 불운한, 적당하지 않은, 불행 한 사람. wicked: 심술궂은, 사악한, 나쁜, 버릇 이 나쁜, 위험한, 장난이 심한, 불쾌한 , 장난기 있는, 우수한. wings: 공군 기장.

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invariably is mistaken for a sail. Four leagues away, of a golden, hazy noon, it seems some Spanish Admiral’s ship, stacked up with glittering canvas. Sail ho! Sail ho! Sail ho! from all three masts. But coming nigh, the enchanted frigate is transformed apace into a craggy keep.% My first visit to the spot was made in the gray of the morning. With a view of fishing, we had lowered three boats and pulling some two miles from our vessel, found ourselves just before dawn of day close under the moon-shadow of Rodondo. Its aspect was heightened, and yet softened, by the strange double twilight of the hour. The great full moon burnt in the low west like a half-spent beacon, casting a soft mellow tinge upon the sea like that cast by a waning fire of embers upon a midnight hearth; while along the entire east the invisible sun sent pallid intimations of his coming. The wind was light; the waves languid; the stars twinkled with a faint effulgence; all nature seemed supine with the long night watch, and half-suspended in jaded expectation of the sun. This was the critical hour to catch Rodondo in his perfect mood. The twilight was just enough to reveal every striking point, without tearing away the dim investiture of wonder. From a broken stair-like base, washed, as the steps of a water-palace, by the waves, the tower rose in entablatures of strata to a shaven summit. These uniform layers, which compose the mass, form its most peculiar feature. For at their lines of junction they project flatly into encircling shelves, from top to bottom, rising one above another in graduated series. And as the eaves of any old barn or abbey are alive with swallows, so were all these rocky ledges with unnumbered sea-fowl. Eaves upon eaves, and nests upon nests. Here and there were long birdlime streaks of a ghostly white staining the tower from sea to air, readily accounting for its sail-like look afar. All would have been bewitchingly quiescent, were it not for the demoniac din created by the birds. Not only were the eaves rustling with them, but they flew densely overhead, spreading themselves into a winged and continually shifting canopy. The tower is the resort of aquatic birds for hundreds of leagues around. To the north, to the east, to the west, stretches nothing but eternal ocean; so that the man-of-war hawk coming from the coasts of North America, Polynesia, or Peru, makes his first

Korean apace: 빨리, 신속히, 발맞추어. bewitchingly: 황홀케 할 만큼, 매혹시 키게, 매혹시키듯, 황홀케 하게. birdlime: 끈끈이. craggy: 바위가 많은, 우악스럽게 생긴 , 바위가 울퉁불퉁 돌출한, 울퉁불퉁 하고 험한. demoniac: 악마와 같은, 악마의, 미친 듯한, 귀신들린 듯한, 미친 듯한-귀신 들린 듯한. din: 소음, 뇌고 되뇌이다, 소음이 나다

, 소음으로 멍멍하게 하다, 귀를 멍멍 하게 하다, 울리다. eaves: 처마. effulgence: 광휘, 광채, 눈부심. frigate: 프리깃함, 세대박이 군함, 군 함새. investiture: 부여, 서임, 수여, 옷, 옷을 입힘, 입힘. jaded: 닳아빠진, 몹시 지친, 물린, 지 칠 대로 지친. man-of-war: 군함, 보통 옛날의 군함.

rustling: 살랑살랑 소리나는, 활발한, 활동적인, 옷스치는 소리가 나는, 가 축 도둑질, 살랑살랑 소리. supine: 게으른, 번듯이 누운, 나태한, 동사상 명사, 부정사, 위로 향한. unnumbered: 무수한, 세지않은, 헤아 릴수없는, 일일이 세지 않은. winged: 날개를 다친, 고속의, 날개 있 는, 팔을 다친, 빠른, 신속한, 숭고한, 적절한, 날개를 쓰는, 비양하는, 날 수 있는.

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land at Rodondo. And yet though Rodondo be terra-firma, no land-bird ever lighted on it. Fancy a red-robin or a canary there! What a falling into the hands of the Philistines, when the poor warbler should be surrounded by such locustflights of strong bandit birds, with long bills cruel as daggers.% I know not where one can better study the Natural History of strange seafowl than at Rodondo. It is the aviary of Ocean. Birds light here which never touched mast or tree; hermit-birds, which ever fly alone; cloud-birds, familiar with unpierced zones of air. Let us first glance low down to the lowermost shelf of all, which is the widest, too, and but a little space from high-water mark. What outlandish beings are these? Erect as men, but hardly as symmetrical, they stand all round the rock like sculptured caryatides, supporting the next range of eaves above. Their bodies are grotesquely misshapen; their bills short; their feet seemingly legless; while the members at their sides are neither fin, wing, nor arm. And truly neither fish, flesh, nor fowl is the penguin; as an edible, pertaining neither to Carnival nor Lent; without exception the most ambiguous and least lovely creature yet discovered by man. Though dabbling in all three elements, and indeed possessing some rudimental claims to all, the penguin is at home in none. On land it stumps; afloat it sculls; in the air it flops. As if ashamed of her failure, Nature keeps this ungainly child hidden away at the ends of the earth, in the Straits of Magellan, and on the abased sea-story of Rodondo. But look, what are yon wobegone regiments drawn up on the next shelf above? what rank and file of large strange fowl? what sea Friars of Orders Gray? Pelicans. Their elongated bills, and heavy leathern pouches suspended thereto, give them the most lugubrious expression. A pensive race, they stand for hours together without motion. Their dull, ashy plumage imparts an aspect as if they had been powdered over with cinders. A penitential bird, indeed, fitly haunting the shores of the clinkered Encantadas, whereon tormented Job himself might have well sat down and scraped himself with potsherds.

Korean ashy: 재의, 회색의, 재투성이의, 회백 색의. aviary: 새장, 양금사. bandit: 산적, 악당, 도둑, 노상강도, 적 기. canary: 카나리아, 밀고자, 카나리아 빛, 여자가수, 카나리아 제도산의 백 포도주, 가수, 카나리아 빛의, 여자, 동료를 파는 범인, 카나리아빛, 카나 리아제도산의. edible: 먹을수있는, 식료품, 먹을 수

있는. exception: 예외, 제외, 이의. grotesquely: 괴상하게, 이상하게, 그 로테스크무늬로. leathern: 가죽의. lowermost: 최하의, 맨 밑바닥의, 최저 의. lugubrious: 애처로운, 가엾은, 슬픈듯 한, 슬픈듯한, 슬픈 듯한. penguin: 펭귄, 펭귄새. penitential: 속죄의, 회오의, 고해 세

칙서, 회개의. plumage: 깃털. powdered: 가루모양의, 가루의. rudimental: 흔적의, 발육부전의. thereto: 그밖에 다시, 거기에, 거기에 더하여, 또, 게다가 또, 그것에. ungainly: 보기 흉한, 몰골스러운, 꼴 사나운. warbler: 지저귀듯이 노래하는 사람, 지저귀는 새, 명금, 지저귀듯이 노래 하는 가수.

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Higher up now we mark the gony, or gray albatross, anomalously so called, an unsightly unpoetic bird, unlike its storied kinsman, which is the snow-white ghost of the haunted Capes of Hope and Horn.% As we still ascend from shelf to shelf, we find the tenants of the tower serially disposed in order of their magnitude:—gannets, black and speckled haglets, jays, sea-hens, sperm-whale-birds, gulls of all varieties:—thrones, princedoms, powers, dominating one above another in senatorial array; while, sprinkled over all, like an ever-repeated fly in a great piece of broidery, the stormy petrel or Mother Cary’s chicken sounds his continual challenge and alarm. That this mysterious hummingbird of ocean—which, had it but brilliancy of hue, might, from its evanescent liveliness, be almost called its butterfly, yet whose chirrup under the stern is ominous to mariners as to the peasant the death-tick sounding from behind the chimney jamb—should have its special haunt at the Encantadas, contributes, in the seaman’s mind, not a little to their dreary spell. As day advances the dissonant din augments. With ear-splitting cries the wild birds celebrate their matins. Each moment, flights push from the tower, and join the aerial choir hovering overhead, while their places below are supplied by darting myriads. But down through all this discord of commotion, I hear clear, silver, bugle-like notes unbrokenly falling, like oblique lines of swift-slanting rain in a cascading shower. I gaze far up, and behold a snow-white angelic thing, with one long, lance-like feather thrust out behind. It is the bright, inspiriting chanticleer of ocean, the beauteous bird, from its bestirring whistle of musical invocation, fitly styled the “Boatswain’s Mate.” The winged, life-clouding Rodondo had its full counterpart in the finny hosts which peopled the waters at its base. Below the water-line, the rock seemed one honey-comb of grottoes, affording labyrinthine lurking-places for swarms of fairy fish. All were strange; many exceedingly beautiful; and would have well graced the costliest glass globes in which gold-fish are kept for a show. Nothing was more striking than the complete novelty of many individuals of this multitude. Here hues were seen as yet unpainted, and figures which are unengraved.

Korean albatross: 신천옹, 걱정거리, 기준타수 보다 셋이 적은 타수. beauteous: 아름다운, 우아한. brilliancy: 광휘, 명민, 훌륭함, 명도, 광택, 재기 발랄. broidery: 윤색, 자수. chanticleer: 수탉. chirrup: 쯧쯧하다, 쯧쯧하여 어르다, 짹짹, 갈채하다, 쯧쯧, 지저귀다. dissonant: 불협화의, 귀에 거슬리는, 조화되지 않은.

evanescent: 덧없는, 무한소의, 사라져 가는, 순간의, 지극히 미미한, 곧 시들 어 떨어지는, 섬세한, 사라지는. finny: 지느러미있는. globes: 유방. hummingbird: 벌새. inspiriting: 고무적인, 기운을 북돋우 는, 기운을 북돋우어 주는. labyrinthine: 미로의, 미궁 같은, 미로 같은. matins: 조과, 아침기도.

petrel: 바다 제비류, 슴새과의 작은 새 , 바다제비과의 작은 새. senatorial: 상원의, 상원 의원 선출권 이 있는, 원로원의, 평의원회의, 상원 의원다운, 상원의원 선출권이 있는, 상원의원의, 원로원의원의. serially: 연속물로서, 연속적으로. storied: 이야기로 유명한, 역사화로 장 식한, 층의. unpoetic: 산문적인, 시적이 아닌, 범 속한.

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To show the multitude, avidity, and nameless fearlessness and tameness of these fish, let me say, that often, marking through clear spaces of water— temporarily made so by the concentric dartings of the fish above the surface— certain larger and less unwary wights, which swam slow and deep; our anglers would cautiously essay to drop their lines down to these last. But in vain; there was no passing the uppermost zone. No sooner did the hook touch the sea, than a hundred infatuates contended for the honor of capture. Poor fish of Rodondo! in your victimized confidence, you are of the number of those who inconsiderately trust, while they do not understand, human nature.% But the dawn is now fairly day. Band after band, the sea-fowl sail away to forage the deep for their food. The tower is left solitary save the fish-caves at its base. Its birdlime gleams in the golden rays like the whitewash of a tall lighthouse, or the lofty sails of a cruiser. This moment, doubtless, while we know it to be a dead desert rock other voyagers are taking oaths it is a glad populous ship. But ropes now, and let us ascend. Yet soft, this is not so easy.

SKETCH FOURTH A PISGAH VIEW FROM THE ROCK —”That done, he leads him to the highest mount, From whence, far off he unto him did show:”— If you seek to ascend Rock Rodondo, take the following prescription. Go three voyages round the world as a main-royal-man of the tallest frigate that floats; then serve a year or two apprenticeship to the guides who conduct strangers up the Peak of Teneriffe; and as many more respectively to a ropedancer, an Indian juggler, and a chamois. This done, come and be rewarded by the view from our tower. How we get there, we alone know. If we sought to tell others, what the wiser were they? Suffice it, that here at the summit you and I

Korean ascend: 오르다, 오르막이되다, 시대가 거슬러 올라가다, 올라가다, 에 오르 다, 높아지다, 을 오르다, 오르막이 되 다, 등귀하다, 상향, 거슬러 올라가다. avidity: 갈망, 탐욕, 욕망. chamois: 샤무아, 영양의 무리, 새미 가죽 행주, 새미가죽, 셈 가죽, 섀미 가죽. concentric: 집중적인, 동심의, 중심이 같은. fearlessness: 대담, 용기.

forage: 마초, 꼴, 징발, 에게서 마초를 의, 알 수 없는, 세상에 알려지지 않은 징발하다, 마초를 주다, 약탈하다, 마 . 초를 찾아 다니다, 식량을주다, 식량 tameness: 길들여짐, 유순, 온순함, 길 을 주다, 식량을 찾아헤맴, 식량을찾 들여져 있음, 온순, 무기력. 아헤맴. unwary: 경솔한, 부주의한, 조심성 없 inconsiderately: 무분별한, 동정심 없 는. 는. whitewash: 영패시키다, 백색도료를 juggler: 요술쟁이, 사기꾼. 칠하다, 실패를 겉꾸림하다, 백색도료 nameless: 무명의, 명명되지 않은, 익 , 실패를 겉꾸림하는 일, 풍화, 한잔의 명의, 서출의, 이름 없는, 형언할수 없 셰리술, 희게 회칠하다, 겉칠하여 속 는, 이름없는, 언어도단의, 언어 도단 이다, 수성 백색 도료, 영패.

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stand. Does any balloonist, does the outlooking man in the moon, take a broader view of space? Much thus, one fancies, looks the universe from Milton’s celestial battlements. A boundless watery Kentucky. Here Daniel Boone would have dwelt content.% Never heed for the present yonder Burnt District of the Enchanted Isles. Look edgeways, as it were, past them, to the south. You see nothing; but permit me to point out the direction, if not the place, of certain interesting objects in the vast sea, which, kissing this tower’s base, we behold unscrolling itself towards the Antarctic Pole. We stand now ten miles from the Equator. Yonder, to the East, some six hundred miles, lies the continent; this Rock being just about on the parallel of Quito. Observe another thing here. We are at one of three uninhabited clusters, which, at pretty nearly uniform distances from the main, sentinel, at long intervals from each other, the entire coast of South America. In a peculiar manner, also, they terminate the South American character of country. Of the unnumbered Polynesian chains to the westward, not one partakes of the qualities of the Encantadas or Gallipagos, the isles of St. Felix and St. Ambrose, the isles Juan-Fernandez and Massafuero. Of the first, it needs not here to speak. The second lie a little above the Southern Tropic; lofty, inhospitable, and uninhabitable rocks, one of which, presenting two round hummocks connected by a low reef, exactly resembles a huge double-headed shot. The last lie in the latitude of 33°; high, wild and cloven. Juan Fernandez is sufficiently famous without further description. Massafuero is a Spanish name, expressive of the fact, that the isle so called lies more without, that is, further off the main than its neighbor Juan. This isle Massafuero has a very imposing aspect at a distance of eight or ten miles. Approached in one direction, in cloudy weather, its great overhanging height and rugged contour, and more especially a peculiar slope of its broad summits, give it much the air of a vast iceberg drifting in tremendous poise. Its sides are split with dark cavernous recesses, as an old cathedral with its gloomy lateral chapels. Drawing nigh one of these gorges from sea, after a long

Korean balloonist: 기구 조종사, 기구 타는 사 람. battlements: 총 쏘는 구멍이 있는 흉 벽. boundless: 한없는, 무한한. cavernous: 동굴이 많은, 동굴 같은, 깊 은, 움푹 들어간, 움푹한, 동굴에서 나 오는 듯한. celestial: 하늘의, 천인, 중국의, 중국 인, 천국의, 천상의, 천사, 천체의, 신 성한-중국인, 거룩한, 천국같은.

cloven: 갈라진, 째진. 각, 불감증인 여자. contour: 윤곽, 개략, 구분선, 윤곽선, inhospitable: 불친절한, 손님을 냉대 윤곽의 미, 체형에 맞게 만든, 형세, 하는, 황폐한, 야박한, 살기 어려운, 지형선, 의 윤곽을 그리다, 외형, 몸의 불모의, 머무를 곳이 없는, 대접이 나 곡선. 쁜, 머물 곳이 없는, 손님 접대가 나쁜 edgeways: 날을 밖으로 대고, 언저리 . 를 따라, 끝에, 끝과 끝을 맞대고, 끝 sentinel: 보초, 파수병을 두다, 파수병, 을 밖으로 대고, 가장자리를 밖으로 망보다, 보초를 서다, 표지, 보초를 세 대고. 우다, 보초의. felix: 남자 이름. uninhabitable: 사람이 거주할 수 없는 iceberg: 빙산, 냉담한 사람, 빙산의 일 , 사람이 살 수 없는.

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voyage, and beholding some tatterdemalion outlaw, staff in hand, descending its steep rocks toward you, conveys a very queer emotion to a lover of the picturesque.% On fishing parties from ships, at various times, I have chanced to visit each of these groups. The impression they give to the stranger pulling close up in his boat under their grim cliffs is, that surely he must be their first discoverer, such, for the most part, is the unimpaired ... silence and solitude. And here, by the way, the mode in which these isles were really first lighted upon by Europeans is not unworthy of mention, especially as what is about to be said, likewise applies to the original discovery of our Encantadas. Prior to the year 1563, the voyages made by Spanish ships from Peru to Chili, were full of difficulty. Along this coast, the winds from the South most generally prevail; and it had been an invariable custom to keep close in with the land, from a superstitious conceit on the part of the Spaniards, that were they to lose sight of it, the eternal trade-wind would waft them into unending waters, from whence would be no return. Here, involved among tortuous capes and headlands, shoals and reefs, beating, too, against a continual head wind, often light, and sometimes for days and weeks sunk into utter calm, the provincial vessels, in many cases, suffered the extremest hardships, in passages, which at the present day seem to have been incredibly protracted. There is on record in some collections of nautical disasters, an account of one of these ships, which, starting on a voyage whose duration was estimated at ten days, spent four months at sea, and indeed never again entered harbor, for in the end she was cast away. Singular to tell, this craft never encountered a gale, but was the vexed sport of malicious calms and currents. Thrice, out of provisions, she put back to an intermediate port, and started afresh, but only yet again to return. Frequent fogs enveloped her; so that no observation could be had of her place, and once, when all hands were joyously anticipating sight of their destination, lo! the vapors lifted and disclosed the mountains from which they had taken their first departure. In the like deceptive vapors she at last struck upon a reef, whence ensued a long series of calamities too sad to detail.

Korean afresh: 새로이, 다시 한 번. conceit: 기발한 착상, 자부심, 자만, 호 의, 생각하다, 착상, 호감, 이 마음에 들다, 독단, 자부, 우쭐대다. deceptive: 속임의, 미혹케 하는, 속이 는. incredibly: 거짓말 같은, 믿을수 없을 만큼, 믿기 어려운, 대단히, 매우. joyously: 기쁘게. malicious: 악의 있는, 속 검은, 적의 있는.

nautical: 항해의, 선원의, 선박의, 배의 , 해사의, 항해술의. outlaw: 무법자, 상습범, 법률의 보호 를 빼앗긴 사람, 비합법적으로 하다, 법률의 보호를 빼앗다, 추방자, 법률 상의 보호를 박탈당한 사람, 법률상의 은전을 박탈당한 사람, 불량배, 사회 에서 추방된 사람, 에 대하여 법률의 효력을 소멸시키다. protracted: 오래 끈. sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한.

tatterdemalion: 누더기를 걸친 사람, 누더기 옷을 입은 사람. tortuous: 꼬불꼬불한, 속검은, 비틀린, 마음이 빙퉁그러진, 비비꼬인, 비뚤어 진. unending: 끝없는, 영원한, 끊임없는, 끝이 없는, 무한한. unimpaired: 손상되지 않은, 약화되지 않은. vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한, 마음 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는.

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It was the famous pilot, Juan Fernandez, immortalized by the island named after him, who put an end to these coasting tribulations, by boldly venturing the experiment—as De Gama did before him with respect to Europe—of standing broad out from land. Here he found the winds favorable for getting to the South, and by running westward till beyond the influences of the trades, he regained the coast without difficulty; making the passage which, though in a high degree circuitous, proved far more expeditious than the nominally direct one. Now it was upon these new tracks, and about the year 1670, or thereabouts, that the Enchanted Isles, and the rest of the sentinel groups, as they may be called, were discovered. Though I know of no account as to whether any of them were found inhabited or no, it may be reasonably concluded that they have been immemorial solitudes. But let us return to Redondo.% Southwest from our tower lies all Polynesia, hundreds of leagues away; but straight west, on the precise line of his parallel, no land rises till your keel is beached upon the Kingsmills, a nice little sail of, say 5000 miles. Having thus by such distant references—with Rodondo the only possible ones—settled our relative place on the sea, let us consider objects not quite so remote. Behold the grim and charred Enchanted Isles. This nearest crater-shaped headland is part of Albemarle, the largest of the group, being some sixty miles or more long, and fifteen broad. Did you ever lay eye on the real genuine Equator? Have you ever, in the largest sense, toed the Line? Well, that identical cratershaped headland there, all yellow lava, is cut by the Equator exactly as a knife cuts straight through the centre of a pumpkin pie. If you could only see so far, just to one side of that same headland, across yon low dikey ground, you would catch sight of the isle of Narborough, the loftiest land of the cluster; no soil whatever; one seamed clinker from top to bottom; abounding in black caves like smithies; its metallic shore ringing under foot like plates of iron; its central volcanoes standing grouped like a gigantic chimney-stack. Narborough and Albemarle are neighbors after a quite curious fashion. A familiar diagram will illustrate this strange neighborhood:

Korean boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 뚜렷이. circuitous: 에두르는, 에움길의, 완곡 한, 넌지시 말하는, 도는 길의, 간접적 인. clinker: 수갑, 형무소, 가락이 맞지 않 는 음, 실수, 실패작, 용재괴, 투화 벽 돌, 클링커로 만들다, 클링커, 잘못, 일품. cluster: 송이, 밀집하다, 떼, 송이를 이 루다, 집단, 자음결합, 을 송이지게 하 다, 성단, 주렁주렁 달리다, 떼를 짓게

하다, 덩어리. coasting: 연안 항행, 연안 항행의, 언 덕 미끄럼 타기, 연안 무역, 해안선의 지형, 타성으로 나아가는, 해안선도, 내리받이 활주, 활주용 경사. expeditious: 신속한, 날쌘, 급속한. grim: 엄한, 무서운, 불굴의, 험상궂은, 잔인한, 얼굴이 무서운, 완강한. headland: 곶, 갑. immemorial: 태고의, 사람의 기억에 없는, 옛적의, 먼 옛날의, 기억에 없는

. inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는. lava: 용암, 유동상의 용암의, 용암의. nominally: 명목상, 이름뿐으로. ringing: 울리는, 울려퍼지는, 울림, 공 명, 이명. toed: 발가락이 있는, 비스듬이 박아 놓은. westward: 서방에, 서쪽의, 서쪽, 서쪽 으로 향하는, 서부 제국, 서쪽에, 서쪽 으로.

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E Cut a channel at the above letter joint, and the middle transverse limb is Narborough, and all the rest is Albemarle. Volcanic Narborough lies in the black jaws of Albemarle like a wolf’s red tongue in his open month.% If now you desire the population of Albemarle, I will give you, in round numbers, the statistics, according to the most reliable estimates made upon the spot: Men,

none.

Ant-eaters,

unknown.

Man-haters,

unknown.

Lizards,

500,000.

Snakes,

500,000.

Spiders,

10,000,000.

Salamanders,

unknown.

Devils,

do.

Making a clean total of

11,000,000.

exclusive of an incomputable host of fiends, ant-eaters, man-haters, and salamanders. Albemarle opens his mouth towards the setting sun. His distended jaws form a great bay, which Narborough, his tongue, divides into halves, one whereof is called Weather Bay, the other Lee Bay; while the volcanic promontories, terminating his coasts, are styled South Head and North Head. I note this, because these bays are famous in the annals of the Sperm Whale Fishery. The whales come here at certain seasons to calve. When ships first cruised hereabouts, I am told, they used to blockade the entrance of Lee Bay, when their boats going

Korean annals: 연보, 역사, 기록, 연감, 연대기 , 연대표, 사료. bay: 만, 궁지, 월계수, 후미, 월계관, 짖어대며 덤비다, 소리지르다, 영예, 짖는 소리, 쫓겨서 몰린 상태-짖다, 밤색의. blockade: 봉쇄, 경제봉쇄, 교통차단, 폐쇄, 봉쇄하다, 봉쇄선. calve: 새끼를 낳다, 갈라져 분리되다, 빙괴를 분리하다. entrance: 입학, 들어감, 입구, 입장, 등

장, 입학금, 대문, 입장권, 넋을 잃게 다. 하다. reliable: 확실한, 의지할 수 있는, 신뢰 host: 숙주, 주인, 천사의 떼, 군세, 다 할수 있는, 의지할 수 있는 것, 의지할 수, 많은 떼, 군, 여럿, 호스트역을 맡 수 있는 사람. 다, 주최국을 맡다, 주인역을 맡다. tongue: 말, 혀, 국어, 탕, 혀를 사용하 incomputable: 계산할 수 없는, 무수 여 불다, 혀를 사용하다, 널름거리다, 한. 혀 모양의 것, 말하다, 혀 모양의 가장 jaws: 입 부분, 좁다란 입구. 자리를 만들다, 혀처럼 생긴 것. limb: 수족, 날개, 팔, 의 가지를자르다 transverse: 가로의, 횡근, 가로축, 횡단 , 앞이, 가장자리, 구, 달 따위의 가장 하는, 교차하는, 횡단물, 횡축, 횡단 자리, 문장의 구, 엽변, 의 손발을 끊 도로.

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round by Weather Bay, passed through Narborough channel, and so had the Leviathans very neatly in a pen.% The day after we took fish at the base of this Round Tower, we had a fine wind, and shooting round the north headland, suddenly descried a fleet of full thirty sail, all beating to windward like a squadron in line. A brave sight as ever man saw. A most harmonious concord of rushing keels. Their thirty kelsons hummed like thirty harp-strings, and looked as straight whilst they left their parallel traces on the sea. But there proved too many hunters for the game. The fleet broke up, and went their separate ways out of sight, leaving my own ship and two trim gentlemen of London. These last, finding no luck either, likewise vanished; and Lee Bay, with all its appurtenances, and without a rival, devolved to us. The way of cruising here is this. You keep hovering about the entrance of the bay, in one beat and out the next. But at times—not always, as in other parts of the group—a racehorse of a current sweeps right across its mouth. So, with all sails set, you carefully ply your tacks. How often, standing at the foremast head at sunrise, with our patient prow pointed in between these isles, did I gaze upon that land, not of cakes, but of clinkers, not of streams of sparkling water, but arrested torrents of tormented lava. As the ship runs in from the open sea, Narborough presents its side in one dark craggy mass, soaring up some five or six thousand feet, at which point it hoods itself in heavy clouds, whose lowest level fold is as clearly defined against the rocks as the snow-line against the Andes. There is dire mischief going on in that upper dark. There toil the demons of fire, who, at intervals, irradiate the nights with a strange spectral illumination for miles and miles around, but unaccompanied by any further demonstration; or else, suddenly announce themselves by terrific concussions, and the full drama of a volcanic eruption. The blacker that cloud by day, the more may you look for light by night. Often whalemen have found themselves cruising nigh that burning mountain when all aglow with a ball-room blaze. Or, rather, glass-works, you may call this same vitreous isle of Narborough, with its tall chimney-stacks.

Korean aglow: 빛나서, 타올라, 벌개져서, 후 끈 달아서, 불타서, 발개지는. concord: 협화음, 일치, 화합, 협약, 호 응, 협정, 화현, 콩코드 포도, 콩코드, 조화, 우호협정. illumination: 계몽, 해명, 조명, 채색, 일류미네이션, 전식, 전광 장식, 일루 미네이션, 광량, 조도, 채식. irradiate: 비추다, 빛나다, 쏟다, 찬란 히 빛나는, 쐬다, 부리다, 밝히다, 계 발하다, 일광을 쬐다, 기뻐서 빛나게

하다, 방사하다. lowest: 최하의, 최소의. ply: 경향, 에 열성을 내다, 부지런히 일하다, 두께, 음식등을 강요하다, 올, 부지런히 일하게 하다, 버릇, 질문 등 을 퍼붓다, 겹, 가닥. racehorse: 경주말, 경주마, 경마용 말. soaring: 상승, 우뚝 솟은, 높이 날기, 높이 나는, 고원한, 우뚝 솟음, 날아 오르는, 활상. sparkling: 반짝이는, 번득이는, 거품

이 이는, 불꽃을 튀기는. spectral: 스펙트럼의, 허깨비의, 유령 의, 유령 같은. toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다, 올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다, 짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을 애써 이룩하다. unaccompanied: 무반주의, 동반자가 없는, 동행이 없는, 반주 없는. windward: 바람 불어오는 쪽, 바람 불 어오는 쪽의, 바람 불어오는 쪽으로.

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171

Where we still stand, here on Rodondo, we cannot see all the other isles, but it is a good place from which to point out where they lie. Yonder, though, to the E.N.E., I mark a distant dusky ridge. It is Abington Isle, one of the most northerly of the group; so solitary, remote, and blank, it looks like No-Man’s Land seen off our northern shore. I doubt whether two human beings ever touched upon that spot. So far as yon Abington Isle is concerned, Adam and his billions of posterity remain uncreated.% Ranging south of Abington, and quite out of sight behind the long spine of Albemarle, lies James’s Isle, so called by the early Buccaneers after the luckless Stuart, Duke of York. Observe here, by the way, that, excepting the isles particularized in comparatively recent times, and which mostly received the names of famous Admirals, the Encantadas were first christened by the Spaniards; but these Spanish names were generally effaced on English charts by the subsequent christenings of the Buccaneers, who, in the middle of the seventeenth century, called them after English noblemen and kings. Of these loyal freebooters and the things which associate their name with the Encantadas, we shall hear anon. Nay, for one little item, immediately; for between James’s Isle and Albemarle, lies a fantastic islet, strangely known as “Cowley’s Enchanted Isle.” But, as all the group is deemed enchanted, the reason must be given for the spell within a spell involved by this particular designation. The name was bestowed by that excellent Buccaneer himself, on his first visit here. Speaking in his published voyages of this spot, he says—”My fancy led me to call it Cowley’s Enchanted Isle, for, we having had a sight of it upon several points of the compass, it appeared always in so many different forms; sometimes like a ruined fortification; upon another point like a great city,” etc. No wonder though, that among the Encantadas all sorts of ocular deceptions and mirages should be met. That Cowley linked his name with this self-transforming and bemocking isle, suggests the possibility that it conveyed to him some meditative image of himself. At least, as is not impossible, if he were any relative of the mildlythoughtful and self-upbraiding poet Cowley, who lived about his time, the

Korean anon: 이내, 다시, 얼마안있어, 언젠가, 곧. associate: 준회원, 연합시키다, 한동아 리, 공동시키다, 동료, 교제하다, 연상 하다, 준, 연합한, 연상하다-교제하 다-동료, 연상되는 것-동아리의. comparatively: 비교적, 꽤, 상당히, 비 교적으로, 다소라도, 비교해 보면. compass: 나침반, 이해하다, 한계, 달 성하다, 둘레, 에워싸다, 의 둘레를 돌 다, 적당한 정도, 컴퍼스, 계획하다,

포위하다. designation: 지정, 명칭, 임명, 명시. fantastic: 공상적인, 변덕스러운, 상상 의, 기묘한, 기이한. fortification: 강화, 축성, 방비, 요새, 방비시설, 방어 공사. meditative: 명상적인. ocular: 접안경, 눈으로 본, 눈의, 시각 상의, 접안렌즈. particularized: 특수화한. posterity: 자손, 후세.

ridge: 이랑, 산등성이, 산마루, 이랑이 되다, 등, 등줄기, 산맥, 산맥마룻대, 산봉우리, 융기, 콧날. ruined: 몰락한, 파멸한, 황폐한, 해를 입은, 타락한, 멸망한, 파산한. seventeenth: 열 일곱째, 제십칠의, 제 십칠, 십칠분의 하나, 십칠분의 한나 의, 열일곱번째의 사람, 열일곱번째의 사물, 십칠일. spine: 등뼈, 척주, 가시, 돌기, 책의 등 , 바늘.

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conceit might seem unwarranted; for that sort of thing evinced in the naming of this isle runs in the blood, and may be seen in pirates as in poets.% Still south of James’s Isle lie Jervis Isle, Duncan Isle, Grossman’s Isle, Brattle Isle, Wood’s Isle, Chatham Isle, and various lesser isles, for the most part an archipelago of aridities, without inhabitant, history, or hope of either in all time to come. But not far from these are rather notable isles—Barrington, Charles’s, Norfolk, and Hood’s. Succeeding chapters will reveal some ground for their notability.

SKETCH FIFTH THE FRIGATE, AND SHIP FLYAWAY “Looking far forth into the ocean wide, A goodly ship with banners bravely dight, And flag in her top-gallant I espide, Through the main sea making her merry flight.” Ere quitting Rodondo, it must not be omitted that here, in 1813, the U.S. frigate Essex, Captain David Porter, came near leaving her bones. Lying becalmed one morning with a strong current setting her rapidly towards the rock, a strange sail was descried, which—not out of keeping with alleged enchantments of the neighborhood—seemed to be staggering under a violent wind, while the frigate lay lifeless as if spell-bound. But a light air springing up, all sail was made by the frigate in chase of the enemy, as supposed—he being deemed an English whale-ship—but the rapidity of the current was so great, that soon all sight was lost of him; and, at meridian, the Essex, spite of her drags, was driven so close under the foam-lashed cliffs of Rodondo that, for a time, all hands gave her up. A smart breeze, however, at last helped her off, though the escape was so critical as to seem almost miraculous.

Korean archipelago: 군도, 다도해. bravely: 용감하게, 화려하게. breeze: 산들바람, 소문, 나아가다, 법 석, 산들바람이 불다, 소동, 싸움, 풍 파, 등에, 미풍, 분탄. chase: 사냥, 추적, 뒤쫓다, 달리다, 홈, 달아나다, 사냥하다, 의 뒤를 쫓다, 쫓 아내다, 을 추구하다, 떠나다. dight: 차리다, 갖추다, 꾸미다, 수선하 다, 정리하다, 준비하다. flag: 기, 포석을 깔다, 기를 올리다, 기

로 꾸미다, 둘쨋줄 칼깃, 시들다, 판석 포장도로, 판석, 플래그, 붓꽃의 무리, 신호로 정지시키다. forth: 앞으로, 밖으로, 보이는곳에, 에 서 바깥에, 보이는 곳에, 이후. leaving: 찌꺼기, 잔물, 쓰레기. lesser: 보다작은, 보다 적은, 보다 작은 , 보다 적게. miraculous: 기적적인, 놀랄만한, 불가 사의한. notability: 유명함, 저명.

notable: 주목할 만한, 명사, 저명한, 유명한, 두드러진, 유명한것, 명망가, 뛰어난, 프랑스 비상시 의회의 명사의 원, 살림잘하는, 지각할수 있는. ocean: 대양, 끝없이 넓음, 막대한 양, 많음, 양. staggering: 비틀거리는, 깜짝 놀라게 하는, 망설이는. unwarranted: 보증되지 않은, 공인되 지 않는, 보증이 없는, 정당하다고 인 정할 수 없는.

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Thus saved from destruction herself, she now made use of that salvation to destroy the other vessel, if possible. Renewing the chase in the direction in which the stranger had disappeared, sight was caught of him the following morning. Upon being descried he hoisted American colors and stood away from the Essex. A calm ensued; when, still confident that the stranger was an Englishman, Porter dispatched a cutter, not to board the enemy, but drive back his boats engaged in towing him. The cutter succeeded. Cutters were subsequently sent to capture him; the stranger now showing English colors in place of American. But, when the frigate’s boats were within a short distance of their hoped-for prize, another sudden breeze sprang up; the stranger, under all sail, bore off to the westward, and, ere night, was hull down ahead of the Essex, which, all this time, lay perfectly becalmed.% This enigmatic craft—American in the morning, and English in the evening— her sails full of wind in a calm—was never again beheld. An enchanted ship no doubt. So, at least, the sailors swore. This cruise of the Essex in the Pacific during the war of 1812, is, perhaps, the strangest and most stirring to be found in the history of the American navy. She captured the furthest wandering vessels; visited the remotest seas and isles; long hovered in the charmed vicinity of the enchanted group; and, finally, valiantly gave up the ghost fighting two English frigates in the harbor of Valparaiso. Mention is made of her here for the same reason that the Buccaneers will likewise receive record; because, like them, by long cruising among the isles, tortoise-hunting upon their shores, and generally exploring them; for these and other reasons, the Essex is peculiarly associated with the Encantadas. Here be it said that you have but three, eye-witness authorities worth mentioning touching the Enchanted Isles:—Cowley, the Buccaneer (1684); Colnet the whaling-ground explorer (1798); Porter, the post captain (1813). Other than these you have but barren, bootless allusions from some few passing voyagers or compilers.

Korean barren: 임신 못하는, 불모의, 메마른, 열매를 맺지 않는, 농작물이 나지않는 , 재미없는, 무익한, 내용이 보잘것 없 는, 새끼를 못 낳는, 효과없는, 황야. bore: 구멍, 구멍을 뚫다, 싫증나게하 다, 송곳구멍, 밀물, 총구멍, 해일, 뚫 다, 구멍을 내다, 구멍이 나다, 따분한 것. capture: 포획물, 포획, 획득하다, 점령, 사로잡다, 포착하다, 생포, 지배권을 쥐다, 잡다, 포착, 점령하다.

cruise: 돌아다니다, 순항, 순항 속도로 날다, 순항하다, 삼림지를 답사하다, 만유, 경제속도로 달리다, 순향, 순양, 여자를 낚으로 다니다, 연애 상대자를 찾아다니다. destroy: 멸하다, 파괴하다, 폐하다, 죽 이다, 망치다, 논파하다, 소실시키다. explorer: 탐험가, 인공위성이름, 탐구 자, 탐침, 인공 위성, 탐구 하는 사람. hoped-for: 기대되었던. hull: 선체, 정체, 덮개, 껍데기, 덮개를

벗기다, 선체를 궤뚫다, 껍데기를 제 거하다, 외피. salvation: 구제, 구조, 구조자, 구원, 구세, 구제물. stirring: 감동시키는, 붐비는, 활발한, 활약하는. valiantly: 영웅적으로, 용감하게. wandering: 만유, 헛소리, 헤매는, 어 슬렁어슬렁 걷기, 옆길로새는, 두서없 는, 방랑, 산책, 꾸불꾸불한, 돌아다니 는, 방랑하여.

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SKETCH SIXTH BARRINGTON ISLE AND THE BUCCANEERS “Let us all servile base subjection scorn, And as we be sons of the earth so wide, Let us our father’s heritage divide, And challenge to ourselves our portions dew Of all the patrimony, which a few Now hold on hugger-mugger in their hand.”% *

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“Lords of the world, and so will wander free, Whereso us listeth, uncontroll’d of any.” *

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“How bravely now we live, how jocund, how near the first inheritance, without fear, how free from little troubles!” Near two centuries ago Barrington Isle was the resort of that famous wing of the West Indian Buccaneers, which, upon their repulse from the Cuban waters, crossing the Isthmus of Darien, ravaged the Pacific side of the Spanish colonies, and, with the regularity and timing of a modern mail, waylaid the royal treasure-ships plying between Manilla and Acapulco. After the toils of piratic war, here they came to say their prayers, enjoy their free-and-easies, count their crackers from the cask, their doubloons from the keg, and measure their silks of Asia with long Toledos for their yard-sticks. As a secure retreat, an undiscoverable hiding-place, no spot in those days could have been better fitted. In the centre of a vast and silent sea, but very little traversed—surrounded by islands, whose inhospitable aspect might well drive away the chance navigator—and yet within a few days’ sail of the opulent

Korean cask: 통, 통에 넣다, 한통의 분량, 물통 , 한통. crackers: 머리가돈, 열중한, 멍한, 머 리가 돈, 미친, 호두 까는 기구. dew: 이슬이 내리다, 이슬방울, 이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내리다-이슬로 적시 다, 이슬이 내린다, 이슬, 신선함, 이 슬로 젖다. hiding-place: 은신처. hugger-mugger: 난잡, 난잡한, 난잡하 게.

jocund: 즐거운, 쾌활한, 쾌할한, 명령 한. keg: 작은 나무통, 작은 통. patrimony: 세습 재산, 교회 재산, 집 안에 전래되는 것, 사원 기본 재산, 교 회 기본 재산. regularity: 규칙적임, 정규, 질서, 균형 , 정상, 일정불변, 조화. scorn: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게 여기 지 않다, 냉소하다, 경멸받는 것, 거절 하다, 조소하다, 경멸받는 사람.

servile: 노예의, 야비한, 맹종적인, 노 예 근성의. timing: 타이밍, 계시. toils: 짐승을 잡는 그물. wander: 헤매다, 옆길로 벗어나다, 헛 소리하다, 오락가락하다, 두서없이 되 다, 길을 잘못 들다, 걸어 돌아다니다, 꾸불꾸불 흐르다, 꾸불꾸불 이어지다, 종잡을 수 없게 되다, 거닐다. waylaid: 매복하다, 요격하다. whose: 누구의.

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countries which they made their prey—the unmolested Buccaneers found here that tranquillity which they fiercely denied to every civilized harbor in that part of the world. Here, after stress of weather, or a temporary drubbing at the hands of their vindictive foes, or in swift flight with golden booty, those old marauders came, and lay snugly out of all harm’s reach. But not only was the place a harbor of safety, and a bower of ease, but for utility in other things it was most admirable.% Barrington Isle is, in many respects, singularly adapted to careening, refitting, refreshing, and other seamen’s purposes. Not only has it good water, and good anchorage, well sheltered from all winds by the high land of Albemarle, but it is the least unproductive isle of the group. Tortoises good for food, trees good for fuel, and long grass good for bedding, abound here, and there are pretty natural walks, and several landscapes to be seen. Indeed, though in its locality belonging to the Enchanted group, Barrington Isle is so unlike most of its neighbors, that it would hardly seem of kin to them. “I once landed on its western side,” says a sentimental voyager long ago, “where it faces the black buttress of Albemarle. I walked beneath groves of trees—not very lofty, and not palm trees, or orange trees, or peach trees, to be sure—but, for all that, after long sea-faring, very beautiful to walk under, even though they supplied no fruit. And here, in calm spaces at the heads of glades, and on the shaded tops of slopes commanding the most quiet scenery—what do you think I saw? Seats which might have served Brahmins and presidents of peace societies. Fine old ruins of what had once been symmetric lounges of stone and turf, they bore every mark both of artificialness and age, and were, undoubtedly, made by the Buccaneers. One had been a long sofa, with back and arms, just such a sofa as the poet Gray might have loved to throw himself upon, his Crebillon in hand. “Though they sometimes tarried here for months at a time, and used the spot for a storing-place for spare spars, sails, and casks; yet it is highly improbable that the Buccaneers ever erected dwelling-houses upon the isle. They never were here except their ships remained, and they would most likely have slept on

Korean artificialness: 인위, 인공. bedding: 침구, 토대, 성층, 깃, 기반, 화단용의, 깔짚, 깔깃. booty: 전리품, 이득, 포획물, 노획품, 벌이. bower: 절하는 사람, 최고의 패, 주묘, 정자, 굴복자, 나무그늘, 나무그늘의, 내실, 이물닻, 현악기 연주자, 나무 그 늘. buttress: 버팀벽, 지지하다, 부벽, 부벽 으로 버티다.

drubbing: 몽둥이로 때림, 구타, 두들 김, 대패시킴, 주입, 쳐부숨. improbable: 참말 같지 않은, 정말 같 지 않은, 일어날 듯하지 않은, 일어날 법하지 않은, 일어날 성싶지 않은, 있 을 성싶지 않은. locality: 장소, 산지, 위치, 현장, 지방 성, 풍습 등의 지방성, 부근, 소재지. peach: 복숭아, 미인, 멋진 것, 복숭아 빛, 복숭아의, 밀고하다, 복숭아빛의, 멋있는 사람, 멋있는 것.

refreshing: 상쾌한, 가슴이 후련한, 산 뜻한, 상쾌하게 하는, 새롭고 신나는, 참신하고 기분 좋은, 산뜻하게 하는, 청신한. ruins: 손해. snugly: 조촐한, 넉넉한, 잘 정비된, 내 항성있는, 깨끗한, 아늑한, 숨은. symmetric: 대칭적인, 균형잡힌. unmolested: 평온한, 곤란받지않는. unproductive: 불모의, 비생산적인, 헛 된, 수확이 없는.

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board. I mention this, because I cannot avoid the thought, that it is hard to impute the construction of these romantic seats to any other motive than one of pure peacefulness and kindly fellowship with nature. That the Buccaneers perpetrated the greatest outrages is very true—that some of them were mere cutthroats is not to be denied; but we know that here and there among their host was a Dampier, a Wafer, and a Cowley, and likewise other men, whose worst reproach was their desperate fortunes—whom persecution, or adversity, or secret and unavengeable wrongs, had driven from Christian society to seek the melancholy solitude or the guilty adventures of the sea. At any rate, long as those ruins of seats on Barrington remain, the most singular monuments are furnished to the fact, that all of the Buccaneers were not unmitigated monsters.% “But during my ramble on the isle I was not long in discovering other tokens, of things quite in accordance with those wild traits, popularly, and no doubt truly enough, imputed to the freebooters at large. Had I picked up old sails and rusty hoops I would only have thought of the ship’s carpenter and cooper. But I found old cutlasses and daggers reduced to mere threads of rust, which, doubtless, had stuck between Spanish ribs ere now. These were signs of the murderer and robber; the reveler likewise had left his trace. Mixed with shells, fragments of broken jars were lying here and there, high up upon the beach. They were precisely like the jars now used upon the Spanish coast for the wine and Pisco spirits of that country. “With a rusty dagger-fragment in one hand, and a bit of a wine-jar in another, I sat me down on the ruinous green sofa I have spoken of, and bethought me long and deeply of these same Buccaneers. Could it be possible, that they robbed and murdered one day, reveled the next, and rested themselves by turning meditative philosophers, rural poets, and seat-builders on the third? Not very improbable, after all. For consider the vacillations of a man. Still, strange as it may seem, I must also abide by the more charitable thought; namely, that among these adventurers were some gentlemanly, companionable souls, capable of genuine tranquillity and virtue.”

Korean accordance: 일치, 조화, 일치하여, 조 고량이 ...한. 화하여. popularly: 일반적으로, 통속적으로. adversity: 역경, 불행한 일, 불행. ramble: 산책, 종작없는 이야기, 어정 companionable: 동무로 사귈 만한, 친 거림, 뻗어 가는, 덩굴풀 따위가 우거 하기 쉬운, 상대하여 재미있는, 벗 삼 지다, 우거지다, 빈둥빈둥거닐다, 만 기에 좋은, 사교적인. 보, 두서없이 쓰다, 거닐다, 두서없이 fellowship: 단체, 친교, 특별연구원의 지껄이다. 지위, 친구, 조합, 우정, 교우, 대학의 reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕, 꾸 특별 연구원의 지위, 대학의 특별 연 짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다, 책망하다, 구원의 연구비, 친구간임, 같이하기. 체면을 손상시키다, 망신, 의 체면을 furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘, 재 손상하다.

reveler: 난봉꾼, 술 마시고 흥청대는 사람, 술마시고 떠드는 사람, 주연을 베푸는 사람. robber: 강도, 도둑, 약탈자. rust: 녹, 녹슬다, 녹병에 걸리다, 녹병, 무활동, 녹슬게 하다, 녹병균, 녹빛이 되다, 녹빛, 나쁜 습관, 둔해지다. rusty: 녹슨, 녹빛의, 녹병에 걸린, 무디 어진, 구식의, 낡아빠진, 반항적인, 녹 에서 생긴, 썩은 냄새가 나는, 완고한, 다루기 힘든.

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SKETCH SEVENTH CHARLES’S ISLE AND THE DOG-KING —So with outragious cry, A thousand villeins round about him swarmed Out of the rocks and caves adjoining nye; Vile caitive wretches, ragged, rude, deformed; All threatning death, all in straunge manner armed; Some with unweldy clubs, some with long speares.% Some rusty knives, some staves in fier warmd. *

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We will not be of any occupation, Let such vile vassals, born to base vocation, Drudge in the world, and for their living droyle, Which have no wit to live withouten toyle. Southwest of Barrington lies Charles’s Isle. And hereby hangs a history which I gathered long ago from a shipmate learned in all the lore of outlandish life. During the successful revolt of the Spanish provinces from Old Spain, there fought on behalf of Peru a certain Creole adventurer from Cuba, who, by his bravery and good fortune, at length advanced himself to high rank in the patriot army. The war being ended, Peru found itself like many valorous gentlemen, free and independent enough, but with few shot in the locker. In other words, Peru had not wherewithal to pay off its troops. But the Creole—I forget his name—volunteered to take his pay in lands. So they told him he might have his pick of the Enchanted Isles, which were then, as they still remain, the nominal appanage of Peru. The soldier straightway embarks thither, explores the group,

Korean adjoining: 인접하는, 부근의, 인접한, 이웃의. appanage: 속지, 왕자의 속령, 왕자의 녹, 왕자령, 속성이득, 부수입, 속성. behalf: 위하여, 이익. bravery: 용감, 화려, 화미. deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진. hereby: 이로 말미암아, 이에 의하여, 이것에 의하여. locker: 로커, 자물쇠 달린 장, 자물쇠 를 잠그는 것, 자물쇠를 잠그는 사람.

lore: 지식, 학문, 전승, 특수한 과학적 학문, 과학적 학문, 또는 특수 단체에 관한 과학적 학문. nominal: 이름의, 근소한, 명사의, 이 름뿐인, 명사적인, 만족한, 계획대로, 공칭의, 기명의, 명목상의, 명사 상당 어. patriot: 애국자, 협력 거부자. provinces: 지방. ragged: 조화되지 않은, 울툭불툭한, 남루한, 초라한, 불완전한, 찢어진, 야

생의, 깔쭉깔쭉한, 손질을 게을리한, 결점이 있는, 고르지 못한. rude: 거친, 버릇없는, 대강의, 건장한, 교양 없는, 난폭한, 자연 그대로의, 울 퉁불퉁한, 거센, 강장한, 미가공의. valorous: 씩씩한, 용감한. vocation: 적성, 천직, 신의 부르심, 직 업, 신명, 장사, 재능, 사명, 사명감. wherewithal: 자금, 수단. wit: 기지, 재치, 지력, 알다, 재치있는 사람, 정신, 재주꾼, 지.

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returns%to Callao, and says he will take a deed of Charles’s Isle. Moreover, this deed must stipulate that thenceforth Charles’s Isle is not only the sole property of the Creole, but is forever free of Peru, even as Peru of Spain. To be short, this adventurer procures himself to be made in effect Supreme Lord of the Island, one of the princes of the powers of the earth.[A] [Footnote A: The American Spaniards have long been in the habit of making presents of islands to deserving individuals. The pilot Juan Fernandez procured a deed of the isle named after him, and for some years resided there before Selkirk came. It is supposed, however, that he eventually contracted the blues upon his princely property, for after a time he returned to the main, and as report goes, became a very garrulous barber in the city of Lima.] He now sends forth a proclamation inviting subjects to his as yet unpopulated kingdom. Some eighty souls, men and women, respond; and being provided by their leader with necessaries, and tools of various sorts, together with a few cattle and goats, take ship for the promised land; the last arrival on board, prior to sailing, being the Creole himself, accompanied, strange to say, by a disciplined cavalry company of large grim dogs. These, it was observed on the passage, refusing to consort with the emigrants, remained aristocratically grouped around their master on the elevated quarter-deck, casting disdainful glances forward upon the inferior rabble there; much as, from the ramparts, the soldiers of a garrison, thrown into a conquered town, eye the inglorious citizenmob over which they are set to watch. Now Charles’s Isle not only resembles Barrington Isle in being much more inhabitable than other parts of the group, but it is double the size of Barrington, say forty or fifty miles in circuit. Safely debarked at last, the company, under direction of their lord and patron, forthwith proceeded to build their capital city. They make considerable advance in the way of walls of clinkers, and lava floors, nicely sanded with cinders. On the least barren hills they pasture their cattle, while the goats, adventurers by nature, explore the far inland solitudes for a scanty livelihood of lofty herbage. Meantime, abundance of fish and tortoises supply their other wants.

Korean aristocratically: 귀족적으로. conquered: 패자, 피정복자. consort: 배우자, 조화하다, 동행선, 요 함, 사귀다, 동료, 교제하다, 요정, 조 화있게 결합시키다, 교체하다, 조화 있게 결합시키다. deserving: 받을 가치가 있는, 보상받 을 만한, 원조 받을 만한. garrulous: 잘 지껄이는, 시끄럽게 지 저귀는. herbage: 목초, 초본류, 방목권, 풀.

inglorious: 불명예스러운, 창피한, 수 치스러운, 무명의, 면목없는, 이름도 없는, 불명예, 이름도 없는. inhabitable: 살기에 알맞은, 살기에 적 합한. livelihood: 생계, 살림, 호구지책. princely: 왕자에 어울리는, 기품 높은, 장려한, 왕자의, 왕자같은, 왕자 같은, 왕자답게, 관대한, 기품 놓은, 왕후 다 운, 왕후의. proclamation: 선언, 성명서, 선언서.

rabble: 무질서한 군중, 뒤죽 박죽된것, 오합지중, 교반봉, 교반봉으로 휘젓다 , 되는 대로 일을 하다, 떼, 빨리 말하 다, 떼를 지어 습격하다, 어중이 떠중 이, 와글대는 어중이 떠중이. sanded: 모래땅의, 모래를 깐, 모래를 뿌린, 모랫빛의, 작은 얼룩이 있는. stipulate: 규정하다, 계약의 조건으로 요구하다, 계약하다, 명기하다, 문답 형식으로 하다. tools: 도구.

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The%disorders incident to settling all primitive regions, in the present case were heightened by the peculiarly untoward character of many of the pilgrims. His Majesty was forced at last to proclaim martial law, and actually hunted and shot with his own hand several of his rebellious subjects, who, with most questionable intentions, had clandestinely encamped in the interior, whence they stole by night, to prowl barefooted on tiptoe round the precincts of the lava-palace. It is to be remarked, however, that prior to such stern proceedings, the more reliable men had been judiciously picked out for an infantry bodyguard, subordinate to the cavalry body-guard of dogs. But the state of politics in this unhappy nation may be somewhat imagined, from the circumstance that all who were not of the body-guard were downright plotters and malignant traitors. At length the death penalty was tacitly abolished, owing to the timely thought, that were strict sportsman’s justice to be dispensed among such subjects, ere long the Nimrod King would have little or no remaining game to shoot. The human part of the life-guard was now disbanded, and set to work cultivating the soil, and raising potatoes; the regular army now solely consisting of the dog-regiment. These, as I have heard, were of a singularly ferocious character, though by severe training rendered docile to their master. Armed to the teeth, the Creole now goes in state, surrounded by his canine janizaries, whose terrific bayings prove quite as serviceable as bayonets in keeping down the surgings of revolt. But the census of the isle, sadly lessened by the dispensation of justice, and not materially recruited by matrimony, began to fill his mind with sad mistrust. Some way the population must be increased. Now, from its possessing a little water, and its comparative pleasantness of aspect, Charles’s Isle at this period was occasionally visited by foreign whalers. These His Majesty had always levied upon for port charges, thereby contributing to his revenue. But now he had additional designs. By insidious arts he, from time to time, cajoles certain sailors to desert their ships, and enlist beneath his banner. Soon as missed, their captains crave permission to go and hunt them up. Whereupon His Majesty first hides them very carefully away, and then freely permits the search. In consequence, the delinquents are never found, and the ships retire without them.

Korean barefooted: 맨발의. canine: 개, 개과의 동물, 개과의, 송곳 니, 개같은, 개의. clandestinely: 은밀히, 남몰래. dispensation: 분배, 하늘의 뜻, 섭리, 시여, 하늘이 준 것, 천계법 시대, 통 치, 하늘이 내리는 것, 처리, 조제, 없 는 대로 견딤. insidious: 교활한, 잠행성의, 음흉한, 방심할수 없는, 모르는 사이에 진행하 는, 흉계의, 사람을 함정에 빠뜨리는.

judiciously: 현명한, 사려있는, 현명하 , 튼튼한, 사용할 수 있는, 소용에 닿 게, 사려있게, 분별있게. 는, 기꺼이 도와주는, 쓸모있는. matrimony: 결혼, 결혼 생활. tacitly: 잠자코, 암암리에, 넌지시, 소 pleasantness: 유쾌함. 리없이. potatoes: 감자. tiptoe: 발끝, 살그머니, 발끝으로, 열심 precincts: 경계. 히, 발끝으로 걷다, 살그머니 하는, 주 prowl: 찾아 헤맴, 배회, 헤매다-배회, 의 깊은, 크게 기대하고 있는, 발끝으 헤매다, 배회하다, 훔칠 기회를 노려 로 서 있는, 발끝으로 선, 발끝으로 걷 기웃거리다, 기웃거리다, 시내를 배회 는. 하다, 사냥감 기웃거리다. untoward: 부적당한, 운이 나쁜, 완고 serviceable: 쓸모 있는, 오래쓸수 있는 한, 형편이 나쁜.

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Thus, %by a two-edged policy of this crafty monarch, foreign nations were crippled in the number of their subjects, and his own were greatly multiplied. He particularly petted these renegado strangers. But alas for the deep-laid schemes of ambitious princes, and alas for the vanity of glory. As the foreign-born Pretorians, unwisely introduced into the Roman state, and still more unwisely made favorites of the Emperors, at last insulted and overturned the throne, even so these lawless mariners, with all the rest of the body-guard and all the populace, broke out into a terrible mutiny, and defied their master. He marched against them with all his dogs. A deadly battle ensued upon the beach. It raged for three hours, the dogs fighting with determined valor, and the sailors reckless of everything but victory. Three men and thirteen dogs were left dead upon the field, many on both sides were wounded, and the king was forced to fly with the remainder of his canine regiment. The enemy pursued, stoning the dogs with their master into the wilderness of the interior. Discontinuing the pursuit, the victors returned to the village on the shore, stove the spirit casks, and proclaimed a Republic. The dead men were interred with the honors of war, and the dead dogs ignominiously thrown into the sea. At last, forced by stress of suffering, the fugitive Creole came down from the hills and offered to treat for peace. But the rebels refused it on any other terms than his unconditional banishment. Accordingly, the next ship that arrived carried away the ex-king to Peru. The history of the king of Charles’s Island furnishes another illustration of the difficulty of colonizing barren islands with unprincipled pilgrims. Doubtless for a long time the exiled monarch, pensively ruralizing in Peru, which afforded him a safe asylum in his calamity, watched every arrival from the Encantadas, to hear news of the failure of the Republic, the consequent penitence of the rebels, and his own recall to royalty. Doubtless he deemed the Republic but a miserable experiment which would soon explode. But no, the insurgents had confederated themselves into a democracy neither Grecian, Roman, nor American. Nay, it was no democracy at all, but a permanent Riotocracy, which gloried in having no law but lawlessness. Great inducements being offered to deserters, their ranks were swelled by accessions of scamps from

Korean banishment: 추방, 방축, 배척, 유형. calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참. crafty: 교활한, 교묘한, 간사한, 나쁜 꾀가 많은, 간사하게. crippled: 무능력한, 불구의. deep-laid: 교묘히 꾀한. explode: 격발하다, 폭발하다, 타파하 다, 폭발시키다, 논파하다, 푹발시키 다, 폭발적으로 증가하다, 파열하다, 파열음으로 발음하다, 파열음으로 발 음이 나다, 파열시키다.

favorites: 즐겨찾기. insulted: 모욕한. lawless: 무법의, 누를 수 없는, 법률없 는, 법률이 없는, 법률이 행해지지 않 는. penitence: 참회, 후회, 회개, 개천. pensively: 생각에 잠긴 채로, 구슬프 게. populace: 대중, 서민, 하층 계급. reckless: 개의치 않는, 무모한, 분별 없는, 앞뒤를 가리지 않는.

royalty: 왕권, 특허권 사용료, 상연료, 왕위, 왕의 특권, 왕령, 왕의 존엄, 왕 족의 한 사람, 광산사용료, 왕족, 인세 . two-edged: 쌍날의, 두 가지로 이해되 는. unconditional: 무조건의, 절대적인. unprincipled: 교리를 배우지 않은, 무 절조힌, 줏대 없는. unwisely: 어리석게, 천박하게. valor: 용기.

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every%ship which touched their shores. Charles’s Island was proclaimed the asylum of the oppressed of all navies. Each runaway tar was hailed as a martyr in the cause of freedom, and became immediately installed a ragged citizen of this universal nation. In vain the captains of absconding seamen strove to regain them. Their new compatriots were ready to give any number of ornamental eyes in their behalf. They had few cannon, but their fists were not to be trifled with. So at last it came to pass that no vessels acquainted with the character of that country durst touch there, however sorely in want of refreshment. It became Anathema—a sea Alsatia—the unassailed lurking-place of all sorts of desperadoes, who in the name of liberty did just what they pleased. They continually fluctuated in their numbers. Sailors, deserting ships at other islands, or in boats at sea anywhere in that vicinity, steered for Charles’s Isle, as to their sure home of refuge; while, sated with the life of the isle, numbers from time to time crossed the water to the neighboring ones, and there presenting themselves to strange captains as shipwrecked seamen, often succeeded in getting on board vessels bound to the Spanish coast, and having a compassionate purse made up for them on landing there. One warm night during my first visit to the group, our ship was floating along in languid stillness, when some one on the forecastle shouted “Light ho!” We looked and saw a beacon burning on some obscure land off the beam. Our third mate was not intimate with this part of the world. Going to the captain he said, “Sir, shall I put off in a boat? These must be shipwrecked men.” The captain laughed rather grimly, as, shaking his fist towards the beacon, he rapped out an oath, and said—”No, no, you precious rascals, you don’t juggle one of my boats ashore this blessed night. You do well, you thieves—you do benevolently to hoist a light yonder as on a dangerous shoal. It tempts no wise man to pull off and see what’s the matter, but bids him steer small and keep off shore—that is Charles’s Island; brace up, Mr. Mate, and keep the light astern.”

Korean hoist: 기중기, 내걸다, 들어 올리다, 올 리다, 끌어 올리기, 감아 올리는 기계, 감아 올리는 장치, 게양하다, 감아 올 리기. juggle: 사기, 속이다, 속여서 빼앗다, 요술, 으로 요술을 부리다, 속여 빼앗 다, 요술을 부리다, 사람을 속이다, 남 을 속여 빼앗다, 공작하다. martyr: 순교자, 박해하다, 죽이다, 으 로 괴로워하는 사람, 질병 따위로 늘 고민하는 사람, 늘 고민하는 사람, 불

운 따위로 늘 고민하는 사람, 신앙 때 문에 죽이다, 주의 때문에 죽이다. ones: 그 사람의, 사람의. ornamental: 장식적인, 장식용의, 장식 물. refreshment: 원기 회복, 원기를 회복 시키는 것, 휴양, 다과, 원기를 북돋우 는 것, 음식물, 피로 풀기, 가벼운 음 식물, 기분을 상쾌하게 함, 특히 간단 한 음식물, 간단한 음식물. runaway: 도망, 쉽게 이긴, 도망친, 탈

주자, 도망자, 달아난, 탈주, 낙승, 사 랑의 도피, 급히 오르는, 가출소년. sated: 넌더리나도록 물린, 넌더리나 있다. shipwrecked: 깨어진, 난파한. shoal: 얕아지다, 떼를 짓다, 모래톱, 어군, 여울목, 떼 다수, 무리, 앝은, 다 수, 얕은, 여울. sorely: 슬픈, 따끔 따끔 쑤시는, 고통 을일으키는, 상처, 성난, 비통, 힘사게 , 아프게, 진무른데, 지독한, 격심한.

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SKETCH EIGHTH NORFOLK ISLE AND THE CHOLA WIDOW “At last they in an island did espy A seemly woman sitting by the shore, That with great sorrow and sad agony Seemed some great misfortune to deplore; And loud to them for succor called evermore.” “Black his eye as the midnight sky.% White his neck as the driven snow, Red his cheek as the morning light;— Cold he lies in the ground below. My love is dead, Gone to his death-bed, All under the cactus tree.” “Each lonely scene shall thee restore, For thee the tear be duly shed; Belov’d till life can charm no more, And mourned till Pity’s self be dead.” Far to the northeast of Charles’s Isle, sequestered from the rest, lies Norfolk Isle; and, however insignificant to most voyagers, to me, through sympathy, that lone island has become a spot made sacred by the strangest trials of humanity. It was my first visit to the Encantadas. Two days had been spent ashore in hunting tortoises. There was not time to capture many; so on the third afternoon we loosed our sails. We were just in the act of getting under way, the uprooted anchor yet suspended and invisibly swaying beneath the wave, as the good ship gradually turned her heel to leave the isle behind, when the seaman who heaved with me at the windlass paused suddenly, and directed my attention to

Korean agony: 희비의 극치, 단말마의 괴로움, 고뇌, 고통, 그리스도의 고통, 심한 고 통, 죽음의 고통, 감정의 격발, 격발. charm: 매력, 주문, 마력, 매혹하다, 돈 , 작은 장식물, 참, 매력을 가지다, 황 홀하게 하다, 매력이 있다, 부적. directed: 규제된, 유도된, 지시받은. duly: 정식으로, 당연히, 제시간에, 바 로, 적당히, 둔하게. espy: 발견하다, 알아채다, 찾아내다. heel: 뒤축을 대다, 기울이다, 뒤꿈치로

춤추다, 뒷발, 의 바로 뒤를 따르다, 바로 뒤따르다, 뒤꿈치, 기울어지다, 굽, 경사, 비열한놈. hunting: 사냥, 추구, 탐색, 수렵, 난조 의, 수렵의, 탐구, 탐구의, 난조. insignificant: 대수롭지 않은, 하찮은, 무의미한, 천한, 시시한, 의미 없는. invisibly: 숨은, 눈에 보이지 않는, 눈 에 안보이게몰래. northeast: 동북의, 북동의, 북동, 동북 에, 북동으로, 동북에서 온, 동북, 북

동쪽으로부터의. sacred: 신성한, 종교적인, 모신, 바쳐 진, 바친, 신성 불가침의, 신의 사자인 , 전용되는. seemly: 적당한, 점잖은, 알맞은, 품위 있게. tear: 눈물, 쥐어뜯다, 찢다, 분열시키 다, 비애, 할퀴다, 질주하다, 잡아뜯다 , 미친듯이 날뛰다, 괴롭히다, 돌진하 다. thee: 너를, 너에게.

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something moving on the land, not along the beach, but somewhat back, fluttering from a height.% In view of the sequel of this little story, be it here narrated how it came to pass, that an object which partly from its being so small was quite lost to every other man on board, still caught the eye of my handspike companion. The rest of the crew, myself included, merely stood up to our spikes in heaving, whereas, unwontedly exhilarated, at every turn of the ponderous windlass, my belted comrade leaped atop of it, with might and main giving a downward, thewey, perpendicular heave, his raised eye bent in cheery animation upon the slowly receding shore. Being high lifted above all others was the reason he perceived the object, otherwise unperceivable; and this elevation of his eye was owing to the elevation of his spirits; and this again—for truth must out—to a dram of Peruvian pisco, in guerdon for some kindness done, secretly administered to him that morning by our mulatto steward. Now, certainly, pisco does a deal of mischief in the world; yet seeing that, in the present case, it was the means, though indirect, of rescuing a human being from the most dreadful fate, must we not also needs admit that sometimes pisco does a deal of good? Glancing across the water in the direction pointed out, I saw some white thing hanging from an inland rock, perhaps half a mile from the sea. “It is a bird; a white-winged bird; perhaps a—no; it is—it is a handkerchief!” “Ay, a handkerchief!” echoed my comrade, and with a louder shout apprised the captain. Quickly now—like the running out and training of a great gun—the long cabin spy-glass was thrust through the mizzen rigging from the high platform of the poop; whereupon a human figure was plainly seen upon the inland rock, eagerly waving towards us what seemed to be the handkerchief. Our captain was a prompt, good fellow. Dropping the glass, he lustily ran forward, ordering the anchor to be dropped again; hands to stand by a boat, and lower away.

Korean atop: 꼭대기에, 에 꼭대기에. belted: 띠를 두른, 벨트를 단, 줄무늬 가 있는, 장갑한, 장갑대를 누른, 예장 대를 두른. comrade: 동무, 동지, 친구, 동료, 동료 다운, 전우, 조합원. downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는, 이 후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한, 내리받이 의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의, 쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한. dram: 한잔, 미량, 드램, 팔의 하나 액

량 온스, 적은 양, 음주, 십육의 하나 상용온스. elevation: 올리는일, 고상, 기품, 승진, 입면, 향상, 공중의 순간 정지, 고상하 게 함, 앙각, 입면도, 높임. exhilarated: 명랑한, 기분이 들뜬, 의 기분을 들뜨게 하는. guerdon: 보답, 포상하다, 포상. handkerchief: 손수건. handspike: 지레, 나무로 만든 지레. heave: 오르다, 토하다, 천식, 들어 올

리다, 들어서 던져 넣다, 융기, 움직이 다, 부풀리다, 들리다, 높아지다, 수평 전위. heaving: 올림, 끌어올림, 들어올림. lustily: 튼튼하게. mizzen: 뒷돛대에 치는, 뒷돛대의 세 로돛 뒷돛대의. perpendicular: 수직의, 수선, 수직면, 직각을 이루는, 수직의 위치, 수직, 선 채로의, 깍아지근 듯한-수직면, 수직 식의, 수직선 건축, 수직 위치.

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In a half-hour’s time the swift boat returned. It went with six and came with seven; and the seventh was a woman.% It is not artistic heartlessness, but I wish I could but draw in crayons; for this woman was a most touching sight; and crayons, tracing softly melancholy lines, would best depict the mournful image of the dark-damasked Chola widow. Her story was soon told, and though given in her own strange language was as quickly understood; for our captain, from long trading on the Chilian coast, was well versed in the Spanish. A Cholo, or half-breed Indian woman of Payta in Peru, three years gone by, with her young new-wedded husband Felipe, of pure Castilian blood, and her one only Indian brother, Truxill, Hunilla had taken passage on the main in a French whaler, commanded by a joyous man; which vessel, bound to the cruising grounds beyond the Enchanted Isles, proposed passing close by their vicinity. The object of the little party was to procure tortoise oil, a fluid which for its great purity and delicacy is held in high estimation wherever known; and it is well known all along this part of the Pacific coast. With a chest of clothes, tools, cooking utensils, a rude apparatus for trying out the oil, some casks of biscuit, and other things, not omitting two favorite dogs, of which faithful animal all the Cholos are very fond, Hunilla and her companions were safely landed at their chosen place; the Frenchman, according to the contract made ere sailing, engaged to take them off upon returning from a four months’ cruise in the westward seas; which interval the three adventurers deemed quite sufficient for their purposes. On the isle’s lone beach they paid him in silver for their passage out, the stranger having declined to carry them at all except upon that condition; though willing to take every means to insure the due fulfillment of his promise. Felipe had striven hard to have this payment put off to the period of the ship’s return. But in vain. Still they thought they had, in another way, ample pledge of the good faith of the Frenchman. It was arranged that the expenses of the passage home should not be payable in silver, but in tortoises; one hundred tortoises ready captured to the returning captain’s hand. These the Cholos meant to secure after their own work was done, against the probable time of the Frenchman’s

Korean biscuit: 비스킷, 작은 빵, 비스킷 색, 질그릇. delicacy: 섬세함, 정교, 우미, 연약함, 우아, 솜씨있음, 고움, 맛있는 음식, 날씬함, 동정심, 섬세. depict: 묘사하다, 서술하다. estimation: 견적, 판단, 존중, 평가, 의 견, 개산, 가치의 판단. favorite: 마음에 드는 좋아하는 물건, 특히 좋아하는 물건, 특히 잘하는, 인 기 있는 말, 마음에 드는, 좋아하는 사

람. fulfillment: 달성, 수행, 실행, 이행. half-breed: 혼혈아. insure: 보증하다, 보험에 들다, 확실하 게 하다, 보험에 가입하다, 지키다, 의 보험을 맡다, 을 방지할 수단을 강구 하다, 안전하게하다, 보험을 걸다, 보 증이되다, 보험 증서를 발행하다. joyous: 즐거운. mournful: 슬픔에 잠긴, 슬픈, 애처로 운.

pledge: 축배, 서약, 금주의 맹세, 담보 , 담보로 넣다, 저당 잡히다, 표시, 건 강을 위해 축배를 들다, 보증, 서약하 다, 보증-서약하다. purity: 청정, 결백, 청결, 순정, 정격, 문체의 정격, 어구의 정격, 청렴. tracing: 추적, 투사, 자동 기록 장치의 기록, 복사, 자취를 밟음, 자기 기록계 의 기록, 트레이싱, 자취를 찾음. versed: 숙달한, 에 환한, 정통한. whaler: 포경선, 고래잡는 사람.

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coming back; and no doubt in prospect already felt, that in those hundred tortoises—now somewhere ranging the isle’s interior—they possessed one hundred hostages. Enough: the vessel sailed; the gazing three on shore answered the loud glee of the singing crew; and ere evening, the French craft was hull down in the distant sea, its masts three faintest lines which quickly faded from Hunilla’s eye.% The stranger had given a blithesome promise, and anchored it with oaths; but oaths and anchors equally will drag; naught else abides on fickle earth but unkept promises of joy. Contrary winds from out unstable skies, or contrary moods of his more varying mind, or shipwreck and sudden death in solitary waves; whatever was the cause, the blithe stranger never was seen again. Yet, however dire a calamity was here in store, misgivings of it ere due time never disturbed the Cholos’ busy mind, now all intent upon the toilsome matter which had brought them hither. Nay, by swift doom coming like the thief at night, ere seven weeks went by, two of the little party were removed from all anxieties of land or sea. No more they sought to gaze with feverish fear, or still more feverish hope, beyond the present’s horizon line; but into the furthest future their own silent spirits sailed. By persevering labor beneath that burning sun, Felipe and Truxill had brought down to their hut many scores of tortoises, and tried out the oil, when, elated with their good success, and to reward themselves for such hard work, they, too hastily, made a catamaran, or Indian raft, much used on the Spanish main, and merrily started on a fishing trip, just without a long reef with many jagged gaps, running parallel with the shore, about half a mile from it. By some bad tide or hap, or natural negligence of joyfulness (for though they could not be heard, yet by their gestures they seemed singing at the time) forced in deep water against that iron bar, the ill-made catamaran was overset, and came all to pieces; when dashed by broad-chested swells between their broken logs and the sharp teeth of the reef, both adventurers perished before Hunilla’s eyes. Before Hunilla’s eyes they sank. The real woe of this event passed before her sight as some sham tragedy on the stage. She was seated on a rude bower among

Korean blithesome: 즐거운, 명랑한, 쾌활한, 태평스런. catamaran: 뗏목, 바가지 긁는 여자, 안정선, 앙앙거리는 여자, 쌍동선, 심 술 궂은 여자, 뗏목 배. dire: 극도의, 긴급한, 무서운, 무서은, 긴박한. doom: 운명짓다, 운명, 선고하다, 죽음 , 파멸, 최후의 심판, 재판, 판정하다, 법령. elated: 의기 양양한심명이 난, 의기 양

양한. feverish: 열병이 많은, 열광적인, 열이 있는, 열병의, 열띤, 열병이 유행하는. fickle: 변덕스러운, 변하기 쉬운. glee: 환희, 유쾌, 합창곡, 기쁨, 삼부 또는 그 이상의 합창곡, 환회. jagged: 톱니 모양의, 들쭉날쭉하게 된 , 들쭉날쭉한, 이상하게 된, 바위 따위 의 톱니와 같은, 톱니와 같은. overset: 뒤집히다, 전복, 타도하다, 뒤 엎다, 타도, 뒤집어 엎다.

persevering: 참을성 있는, 참을서 있 는. raft: 뗏목, 다량, 유목, 다수, 뗏목으로 가다, 뗏목배, 뗏목을 쓰다, 부대, 뗏 목으로 건너다, 뗏목으로 엮다, 부잔 교. toilsome: 고된, 힘드는. unkept: 방치된, 등한시 된, 유지되어 않는. woe: 비애, 재난, 고뇌, 아아, 슬프도다 , 고생, 불행.

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the withered thickets, crowning a lofty cliff, a little back from the beach. The thickets were so disposed, that in looking upon the sea at large she peered out from among the branches as from the lattice of a high balcony. But upon the day we speak of here, the better to watch the adventure of those two hearts she loved, Hunilla had withdrawn the branches to one side, and held them so. They formed an oval frame, through which the bluely boundless sea rolled like a painted one. And there, the invisible painter painted to her view the wave-tossed and disjointed raft, its once level logs slantingly upheaved, as raking masts, and the four struggling arms indistinguishable among them; and then all subsided into smooth-flowing creamy waters, slowly drifting the splintered wreck; while first and last, no sound of any sort was heard. Death in a silent picture; a dream of the eye; such vanishing shapes as the mirage shows.% So instant was the scene, so trance-like its mild pictorial effect, so distant from her blasted bower and her common sense of things, that Hunilla gazed and gazed, nor raised a finger or a wail. But as good to sit thus dumb, in stupor staring on that dumb show, for all that otherwise might be done. With half a mile of sea between, how could her two enchanted arms aid those four fated ones? The distance long, the time one sand. After the lightning is beheld, what fool shall stay the thunder-bolt? Felipe’s body was washed ashore, but Truxill’s never came; only his gay, braided hat of golden straw—that same sunflower thing he waved to her, pushing from the strand—and now, to the last gallant, it still saluted her. But Felipe’s body floated to the marge, with one arm encirclingly outstretched. Lock-jawed in grim death, the lover-husband softly clasped his bride, true to her even in death’s dream. Ah, heaven, when man thus keeps his faith, wilt thou be faithless who created the faithful one? But they cannot break faith who never plighted it. It needs not to be said what nameless misery now wrapped the lonely widow. In telling her own story she passed this almost entirely over, simply recounting the event. Construe the comment of her features as you might, from her mere words little would you have weened that Hunilla was herself the heroine of her

Korean braided: 꼰, 짠, 몰로 장식한, 땋은. bride: 신부, 새색시. disjointed: 관절이 삔, 흐트러진. faithless: 불성실한, 신심없는, 믿을수 없는, 믿지 못할, 부정한, 신앙이 없는 , 신의가 없는. fated: 숙명적인, 저주받은, 운명 지워 진, 운명이 정해진. gallant: 화려한, 용감한, 여성에게 친 절한, 훌륭한, 용감한 사람, 정부, 정 중한 말씨, 당당한, 상냥한 남자, 여성

에게 친절한 남자, 여성에게 친절함. indistinguishable: 구별할 수 없는, 인 정받지 못하는, 구분할 수 없는, 식별 할 수 없는. lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를 붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자 세공 . marge: 여자이름, 인조 버터. oval: 달걀 모양의, 난형, 난형의. pictorial: 그림이 실린 잡지, 화보, 그 림의그린 것같은, 그림의, 그림의그린

것같은-화보. stupor: 무감각, 혼수, 망연. sunflower: 해바라기. wail: 울부짖다, 비탄하다, 울부짖는 소리, 처량하게 울리는 소리, 구슬픈 소리를 내다, 비탄, 한탄하다, 울부짖 듯 윙윙대는 소리. wilt: 이울다, 시들다, 청고병, 풀이 죽 다, 이울게 하다, 장승병, 약하게 하다 . withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운.

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tale. But not thus did she defraud us of our tears. All hearts bled that grief could be so brave.% She but showed us her soul’s lid, and the strange ciphers thereon engraved; all within, with pride’s timidity, was withheld. Yet was there one exception. Holding out her small olive hand before her captain, she said in mild and slowest Spanish, “Señor, I buried him;” then paused, struggled as against the writhed coilings of a snake, and cringing suddenly, leaped up, repeating in impassioned pain, “I buried him, my life, my soul!” Doubtless, it was by half-unconscious, automatic motions of her hands, that this heavy-hearted one performed the final office for Felipe, and planted a rude cross of withered sticks—no green ones might be had—at the head of that lonely grave, where rested now in lasting un-complaint and quiet haven he whom untranquil seas had overthrown. But some dull sense of another body that should be interred, of another cross that should hallow another grave—unmade as yet—some dull anxiety and pain touching her undiscovered brother, now haunted the oppressed Hunilla. Her hands fresh from the burial earth, she slowly went back to the beach, with unshaped purposes wandering there, her spell-bound eye bent upon the incessant waves. But they bore nothing to her but a dirge, which maddened her to think that murderers should mourn. As time went by, and these things came less dreamingly to her mind, the strong persuasions of her Romish faith, which sets peculiar store by consecrated urns, prompted her to resume in waking earnest that pious search which had but been begun as in somnambulism. Day after day, week after week, she trod the cindery beach, till at length a double motive edged every eager glance. With equal longing she now looked for the living and the dead; the brother and the captain; alike vanished, never to return. Little accurate note of time had Hunilla taken under such emotions as were hers, and little, outside herself, served for calendar or dial. As to poor Crusoe in the self-same sea, no saint’s bell pealed forth the lapse of week or month; each day went by unchallenged; no chanticleer announced those sultry dawns, no lowing herds those poisonous nights. All wonted and steadily recurring sounds, human,

Korean bled: 물집의, 거품의. cindery: 타다 남은 찌꺼기의, 타다 남 은 재 같은. defraud: 속이다, 편취하다, 속여서 빼 앗다. dirge: 만가, 애도가. hallow: 숭배하다, 하느님께 바치다, 신성하게하다, 어이, 성자의, 신성한 것으로서 숭배하다. impassioned: 열렬한, 감격한, 감동한, 정열적인.

lapse: 경과, 추이, 잘못, 실수, 소멸하 다, 폐지, 모르는 사이에 빠지다, 과실 , 물의 고요한 흐름, 고요한 흐름, 타 락. lowing: 소의 울음소리 음매하고 우는, 음매하고 우는, 소의 울음 소리. mourn: 슬퍼하다, 애도하다, 몽상하다 , 상을 입다, 을 슬퍼하다, 탄식하다. pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은, 종교적 인, 효성스러운, 실현 가능성이 없는, 종교심으로의, 탄복할 만한.

poisonous: 유독한, 악의 있는, 유해한 . recurring: 회귀하는, 되풀이하여 발생 하는, 순환하는, 반복되어 발생되는. somnambulism: 몽유병, 몽유병자, 잠 결에 걸어다님. timidity: 겁많음, 소심. unchallenged: 도전을 받지 않은, 문제 가 되지 않은, 도전 받지 않은, 문제 삼아지지 않은. waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상.

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or humanized by sweet fellowship with man, but one stirred that torrid trance— the cry of dogs; save which naught but the rolling sea invaded it, an allpervading monotone; and to the widow that was the least loved voice she could have heard.% No wonder, that as her thoughts now wandered to the unreturning ship, and were beaten back again, the hope against hope so struggled in her soul, that at length she desperately said, “Not yet, not yet; my foolish heart runs on too fast.” So she forced patience for some further weeks. But to those whom earth’s sure indraft draws, patience or impatience is still the same. Hunilla now sought to settle precisely in her mind, to an hour, how long it was since the ship had sailed; and then, with the same precision, how long a space remained to pass. But this proved impossible. What present day or month it was she could not say. Time was her labyrinth, in which Hunilla was entirely lost. And now follows— Against my own purposes a pause descends upon me here. One knows not whether nature doth not impose some secrecy upon him who has been privy to certain things. At least, it is to be doubted whether it be good to blazon such. If some books are deemed most baneful and their sale forbid, how, then, with deadlier facts, not dreams of doting men? Those whom books will hurt will not be proof against events. Events, not books, should be forbid. But in all things man sows upon the wind, which bloweth just there whither it listeth; for ill or good, man cannot know. Often ill comes from the good, as good from ill. When Hunilla— Dire sight it is to see some silken beast long dally with a golden lizard ere she devour. More terrible, to see how feline Fate will sometimes dally with a human soul, and by a nameless magic make it repulse a sane despair with a hope which is but mad. Unwittingly I imp this cat-like thing, sporting with the heart of him who reads; for if he feel not he reads in vain.

Korean baneful: 해로운, 유독한, 유독성의, 유 해한, 유해성의. blazon: 문장, 공표하다, 말을 퍼뜨리 다, 과시-문장을 그리다, 문장묘사, 과시. dally: 빈둥거리다, 장난치다, 헛되게 보내다, 희롱하다, 희룽거리다, 낭비 하다, 빈둥빈둥 지내다. devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, 개걸스 럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 개걸스럽게먹 다, 이성을 빼앗다, 게걸스레 먹다.

doting: 맹목적으로 사랑하는, 노망한, 사랑에 빠진, 애지중지하는, 망령든, 지나치게 귀여워하는. feline: 고양이 같은, 고양이과의 동물, 고양이과의, 고양이속의. imp: 보강하다, 개구쟁이, 악마의 새끼 , 마귀 새끼, 왈패아이, 꼬마도깨비장 난꾸러기, 꼬마 악마, 깃을 덧붙여주 다, 꼬마 도깨비. labyrinth: 미궁, 미로, 복잡한관계, 내 이, 라비린토스, 분규.

lizard: 도마뱀, 유흥가의 건달. monotone: 단조, 단조롭게 이야기 하 다, 단조-단조롭게 이야기 하다, 단조 의, 단조음, 단조음의. privy: 옥외 변소, 비밀의, 내밀히 관여 하고 있는, 당사자, 몰래 관여하는, 일 개인의, 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 은 밀히 관여하는, 에 몰래 관여하여 알 고 있는, 에 몰래 관여하는. unwittingly: 모르고, 의식하지 않고.

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—”The ship sails this day, to-day,” at last said Hunilla to herself; “this gives me certain time to stand on; without certainty I go mad. In loose ignorance I have hoped and hoped; now in firm knowledge I will but wait. Now I live and no longer perish in bewilderings. Holy Virgin, aid me! Thou wilt waft back the ship. Oh, past length of weary weeks—all to be dragged over—to buy the certainty of to-day, I freely give ye, though I tear ye from me!” As mariners, tost in tempest on some desolate ledge, patch them a boat out of the remnants of their vessel’s wreck, and launch it in the self-same waves, see here Hunilla, this lone shipwrecked soul, out of treachery invoking trust. Humanity, thou strong thing, I worship thee, not in the laureled victor, but in this vanquished one.% Truly Hunilla leaned upon a reed, a real one; no metaphor; a real Eastern reed. A piece of hollow cane, drifted from unknown isles, and found upon the beach, its once jagged ends rubbed smoothly even as by sand-paper; its golden glazing gone. Long ground between the sea and land, upper and nether stone, the unvarnished substance was filed bare, and wore another polish now, one with itself, the polish of its agony. Circular lines at intervals cut all round this surface, divided it into six panels of unequal length. In the first were scored the days, each tenth one marked by a longer and deeper notch; the second was scored for the number of sea-fowl eggs for sustenance, picked out from the rocky nests; the third, how many fish had been caught from the shore; the fourth, how many small tortoises found inland; the fifth, how many days of sun; the sixth, of clouds; which last, of the two, was the greater one. Long night of busy numbering, misery’s mathematics, to weary her too-wakeful soul to sleep; yet sleep for that was none. The panel of the days was deeply worn—the long tenth notches half effaced, as alphabets of the blind. Ten thousand times the longing widow had traced her finger over the bamboo—dull flute, which played, on, gave no sound—as if counting birds flown by in air would hasten tortoises creeping through the woods.

Korean desolate: 황량한, 황폐케하다, 황폐한, 음산한, 고독한, 사람이 안 사는, 시람 이 안 사는, 쓸쓸한, 내버려진. flute: 플루트, 피리, 세로골, 피리같은 음을 내다, 플루트를 불다, 피리 같은 소리로 노래하다, 세로 홈, 피리 모양 의 것, 가늘고 긴 프랑스 빵, 피리 음 전, 홈 같은 주름. glazing: 유리 끼우기, 유약 바르기, 유 약. hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 서두르게

하다. laureled: 월계관을 쓴, 영예를 짊어진. ledge: 광맥, 암초, 좁은선반, 창 따위 에서 돌출되어 있는 선반, 선반, 벽 따 위에서 돌출되어 있는 선반. nether: 아래의, 지하의, 지옥의. notch: 단, 오늬, 급, 애로, 새긴 금, 산 길, 꿰다, 기록하다, 벤자리, 재다, 금 을 그어 기록하다. perish: 멸망하다, 썩어 없어지다, 지독 하게, 죽다, 괴롭히다혹독한, 말라 죽

다, 무너지다, 무너지다-몹시 곤란하 게 하다, 몹시 곤란하게 하다, 의 기능 을 잃게 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다. sustenance: 생계, 생명을 유지하는 것 , 음식물, 영양물, 음식, 지지. treachery: 배반, 배신, 반역. unequal: 같지 않은, 불평등한, 감당 못하는, 부동한, 비등하지 않은. unvarnished: 꾸밈없는, 니스칠을 안 한, 있는 그대로의, 니스 칠하지 않은, 꾸미지 않은.

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After the one hundred and eightieth day no further mark was seen; that last one was the faintest, as the first the deepest.% “There were more days,” said our Captain; “many, many more; why did you not go on and notch them, too, Hunilla?” “Señor, ask me not.” “And meantime, did no other vessel pass the isle?” “Nay, Señor;—but—” “You do not speak; but what, Hunilla?” “Ask me not, Señor.” “You saw ships pass, far away; you waved to them; they passed on;—was that it, Hunilla?” “Señor, be it as you say.” Braced against her woe, Hunilla would not, durst not trust the weakness of her tongue. Then when our Captain asked whether any whale-boats had— But no, I will not file this thing complete for scoffing souls to quote, and call it firm proof upon their side. The half shall here remain untold. Those two unnamed events which befell Hunilla on this isle, let them abide between her and her God. In nature, as in law, it may be libelous to speak some truths. Still, how it was that, although our vessel had lain three days anchored nigh the isle, its one human tenant should not have discovered us till just upon the point of sailing, never to revisit so lone and far a spot, this needs explaining ere the sequel come. The place where the French captain had landed the little party was on the further and opposite end of the isle. There, too, it was that they had afterwards built their hut. Nor did the widow in her solitude desert the spot where her loved ones had dwelt with her, and where the dearest of the twain now slept his last long sleep, and all her plaints awaked him not, and he of husbands the most faithful during life.

Korean eightieth: 제 80 의, 제 팔십 의, 제 팔 십. faithful: 성실한, 신뢰할 수 있는, 신자 들, 정확한, 충실한, 충실한 신도들, 정확. hut: 오두막, 오두막집, 임시병사에 머 무르다, 임시병사, 가병사, 오두막에 묵다, 오두막에 묵게하다. libelous: 중상적인, 명예훼손의, 중상 하기를 좋아하는. meantime: 이럭저럭하는 동안에, 그

동안에, 이야기는 바뀌어, 한편 이야 기는 바뀌어. needs: 꼭, 어떻게든지. passed: 합격한, 지나가 버린. quote: 인용하다, 인용구, 견적하다, 인 증하다, 인용부호, 시세를 말하다, 시 세, 인용문을 시작하다, 인용문, 인용 을 시작하다, 가격을 말하다. revisit: 재방문, 재방문하다, 다시 방문 하다. scoffing: 비웃음, 웃음거리, 비웃다.

unnamed: 무명의, 지명되지않은, 이 름이 없는. untold: 셀 수 없는, 이야기되지 않은, 밝혀지지 않은, 언급되지 않은, 헤아 릴 수 없는. weakness: 우둔, 불충분, 결점, 약함, 우유부단, 약점, 저능, 유약, 박약, 마 음이 약함, 나약. widow: 미망인, 과부, 과부로 만들다, 아내를여윈, 돌리고 남은 패, 빼앗다, 샴페인 술, 과부가 되게 하다.

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Now, high, broken land rises between the opposite extremities of the isle. A ship anchored at one side is invisible from the other. Neither is the isle so small, but a considerable company might wander for days through the wilderness of one side, and never be seen, or their halloos heard, by any stranger holding aloof on the other. Hence Hunilla, who naturally associated the possible coming of ships with her own part of the isle, might to the end have remained quite ignorant of the presence of our vessel, were it not for a mysterious presentiment, borne to her, so our mariners averred, by this isle’s enchanted air. Nor did the widow’s answer undo the thought.% “How did you come to cross the isle this morning, then, Hunilla?” said our Captain. “Señor, something came flitting by me. It touched my cheek, my heart, Señor.” “What do you say, Hunilla?” “I have said, Señor, something came through the air.” It was a narrow chance. For when in crossing the isle Hunilla gained the high land in the centre, she must then for the first have perceived our masts, and also marked that their sails were being loosed, perhaps even heard the echoing chorus of the windlass song. The strange ship was about to sail, and she behind. With all haste she now descends the height on the hither side, but soon loses sight of the ship among the sunken jungles at the mountain’s base. She struggles on through the withered branches, which seek at every step to bar her path, till she comes to the isolated rock, still some way from the water. This she climbs, to reassure herself. The ship is still in plainest sight. But now, worn out with over tension, Hunilla all but faints; she fears to step down from her giddy perch; she is fain to pause, there where she is, and as a last resort catches the turban from her head, unfurls and waves it over the jungles towards us. During the telling of her story the mariners formed a voiceless circle round Hunilla and the Captain; and when at length the word was given to man the fastest boat, and pull round to the isle’s thither side, to bring away Hunilla’s chest and the tortoise-oil, such alacrity of both cheery and sad obedience seldom

Korean chorus: 합창곡, 합창, 합창하다, 코러 스, 일제히 내는 소리, 합창대, 합창부 , 후렴, 합창 무용단, 이구 동성, 이구 동성으로 말하다. extremities: 앞끝, 최후, 사지, 극도, 극 단책, 말단. faints: 약하고 불순한 알코올, 불순한 알코올. flitting: 훨훨 나는, 이사. giddy: 현기증나는, 들뜬, 현기증 나게 하다, 눈이 빙빙 도는 듯한, 마음이 들

뜬, 현기증 나는. undo: 풀다 끄르다, 원 상태로 돌리다, invisible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 신, 영계, 실행 취소, 끄르다, 원상태로 돌리다, 눈에 안보이는, 모습을 나타내지 않는 타락시키다, 영락시키다, 여자의 정조 , 숨은, 얼굴을 보이지 않는, 얼굴을 를 빼앗다, 풀리다, 동요시키다, 혼란 내놓지 않는. 시키다. presentiment: 예감, 불안감. waves: 미해군 여자 예비부대. reassure: 재보증하다, 안심시키다, 다 wilderness: 황야, 끝없이 넓음, 사람 시 자신을 갖게하다, 다시 용기를 내 이 살지 않는 땅, 일부러 손질 않고 내 게 하다, 에게 힘을 북돋우다. 버려둔 곳, 막대한 수량, 광막한 곳, touched: 감동한, 머리가 약간 돈, 감 막대한 수, 미국 비르드지니아 주 북 동된, 조금 미친, 조금미친. 동부의 산림 지대.

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before was seen. Little ado was made. Already the anchor had been recommitted to the bottom, and the ship swung calmly to it.% But Hunilla insisted upon accompanying the boat as indispensable pilot to her hidden hut. So being refreshed with the best the steward could supply, she started with us. Nor did ever any wife of the most famous admiral, in her husband’s barge, receive more silent reverence of respect than poor Hunilla from this boat’s crew. Rounding many a vitreous cape and bluff, in two hours’ time we shot inside the fatal reef; wound into a secret cove, looked up along a green many-gabled lava wall, and saw the island’s solitary dwelling. It hung upon an impending cliff, sheltered on two sides by tangled thickets, and half-screened from view in front by juttings of the rude stairway, which climbed the precipice from the sea. Built of canes, it was thatched with long, mildewed grass. It seemed an abandoned hay-rick, whose haymakers were now no more. The roof inclined but one way; the eaves coming to within two feet of the ground. And here was a simple apparatus to collect the dews, or rather doubly-distilled and finest winnowed rains, which, in mercy or in mockery, the night-skies sometimes drop upon these blighted Encantadas. All along beneath the eaves, a spotted sheet, quite weather-stained, was spread, pinned to short, upright stakes, set in the shallow sand. A small clinker, thrown into the cloth, weighed its middle down, thereby straining all moisture into a calabash placed below. This vessel supplied each drop of water ever drunk upon the isle by the Cholos. Hunilla told us the calabash, would sometimes, but not often, be half filled overnight. It held six quarts, perhaps. “But,” said she, “we were used to thirst. At sandy Payta, where I live, no shower from heaven ever fell; all the water there is brought on mules from the inland vales.” Tied among the thickets were some twenty moaning tortoises, supplying Hunilla’s lonely larder; while hundreds of vast tableted black bucklers, like displaced, shattered tomb-stones of dark slate, were also scattered round. These were the skeleton backs of those great tortoises from which Felipe and Truxill had made their precious oil. Several large calabashes and two goodly kegs were

Korean accompanying: 따르는, 동봉한, 동반 중인, 수행중인. admiral: 해군 대장, 제독, 해군 장성 사령관, 기함, 나비의 속칭, 상선 대장 , 어선 대장. ado: 소동, 법석, 야단 법석. barge: 짐배, 거룻배, 뒤뚱뒤뚱 걷다, 유람선, 주제넘게 나서다, 거룻배로 나르다, 낡은 배, 낡은 배-거룻배로 나르다, 느릿느릿 움직이다, 보트 창 고, 유람 객선.

bluff: 허세부리다, 속이다, 허세, 속임, 허세부리는 사람, 허세 부리기, 하게 하다, 절벽의, 절벽, 에게 허세부리다, 엄포를 놓다. calabash: 호리병박, 호리병의 일종, 그 열매. cove: 후미, 홍예식 천장, 주인, 놈, 산 골짜기 길, 아치혀으로 만들다, 한구 석, 양 목장의 지배인, 후미진곳, 산구 석, 녀석. impending: 절박한, 박두한, 금세 일

어날 것 같은, 튀어나온. larder: 식료저장실, 고깃간. mockery: 조롱, 조소의 대상, 헛수고, 흉내, 놀림, 가짜. moisture: 습기, 수분. precipice: 절벽, 벼랑. slate: 점판암, 슬레이트, 후보자 명부, 석판, 석관, 슬레이트로 이다, 예정하 다, 후보자 명부에 등록하다, 혹평하 다, 석판색, 석판질의. stairway: 계단, 충계.

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filled with it. In a pot near by were the caked crusts of a quantity which had been permitted to evaporate. “They meant to have strained it off next day,” said Hunilla, as she turned aside.% I forgot to mention the most singular sight of all, though the first that greeted us after landing. Some ten small, soft-haired, ringleted dogs, of a beautiful breed, peculiar to Peru, set up a concert of glad welcomings when we gained the beach, which was responded to by Hunilla. Some of these dogs had, since her widowhood, been born upon the isle, the progeny of the two brought from Payta. Owing to the jagged steeps and pitfalls, tortuous thickets, sunken clefts and perilous intricacies of all sorts in the interior, Hunilla, admonished by the loss of one favorite among them, never allowed these delicate creatures to follow her in her occasional birds’-nests climbs and other wanderings; so that, through long habituation, they offered not to follow, when that morning she crossed the land, and her own soul was then too full of other things to heed their lingering behind. Yet, all along she had so clung to them, that, besides what moisture they lapped up at early daybreak from the small scoop-holes among the adjacent rocks, she had shared the dew of her calabash among them; never laying by any considerable store against those prolonged and utter droughts which, in some disastrous seasons, warp these isles. Having pointed out, at our desire, what few things she would like transported to the ship—her chest, the oil, not omitting the live tortoises which she intended for a grateful present to our Captain—we immediately set to work, carrying them to the boat down the long, sloping stair of deeply-shadowed rock. While my comrades were thus employed, I looked and Hunilla had disappeared. It was not curiosity alone, but, it seems to me, something different mingled with it, which prompted me to drop my tortoise, and once more gaze slowly around. I remembered the husband buried by Hunilla’s hands. A narrow pathway led into a dense part of the thickets. Following it through many mazes, I came out upon a small, round, open space, deeply chambered there.

Korean adjacent: 부근의, 인접하는, 이웃의. born: 타고난, 태어난, 으로 태어난. chambered: 작은 방이 있는, 실이 있 는. curiosity: 호기심, 골동품, 진기함, 진 기한 것, 신기함, 진기한것. dense: 우둔한, 조밀한, 짙은, 농밀한, 머리가 나쁜, 밀집한, 이해하기 힘든. evaporate: 증발하다, 증발시키다, 김 을 내다, 사라져 없어지다, 사라지다, 소산시키다, 죽다.

habituation: 습관들임. 장한, 긴장된, 억지로 지어낸, 부자연 laying: 부설, 조준, 쌓음, 꼬는 법, 애 스러운. 벌칠, 쌓기, 놓기, 한 배에 깐 알, 끌어 utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인, 완전 댐, 설치, 한 번에 까는 알. 한, 행사하다, 나타내다, 발음하다, 순 mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는. 전한, 무조건의, 발언하다, 입 밖에 내 pathway: 오솔길, 좁은길, 길, 좁은 길. 다. progeny: 자손, 결과, 프로게스테론. warp: 날실, 왜곡하다, 비뚤어짐, 뒤틀 ringleted: 고수머리를 한. 리다, 구부리다, 뒤틀림, 뒤둥그러짐, stair: 계단, 한 단, 단, 계단용의, 계단 밧줄로 끌다, 밧줄, 뒤틀리게 하다, 뒤 의, 하나하나의 단. 둥그러찌다. strained: 억지의, 팽팽한, 긴박한, 긴 widowhood: 과부생활, 과부 신세.

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The mound rose in the middle; a bare heap of finest sand, like that unverdured heap found at the bottom of an hour-glass run out. At its head stood the cross of withered sticks; the dry, peeled bark still fraying from it; its transverse limb tied up with rope, and forlornly adroop in the silent air.% Hunilla was partly prostrate upon the grave; her dark head bowed, and lost in her long, loosened Indian hair; her hands extended to the cross-foot, with a little brass crucifix clasped between; a crucifix worn featureless, like an ancient graven knocker long plied in vain. She did not see me, and I made no noise, but slid aside, and left the spot. A few moments ere all was ready for our going, she reappeared among us. I looked into her eyes, but saw no tear. There was something which seemed strangely haughty in her air, and yet it was the air of woe. A Spanish and an Indian grief, which would not visibly lament. Pride’s height in vain abased to proneness on the rack; nature’s pride subduing nature’s torture. Like pages the small and silken dogs surrounded her, as she slowly descended towards the beach. She caught the two most eager creatures in her arms:—”Mia Teeta! Mia Tomoteeta!” and fondling them, inquired how many could we take on board. The mate commanded the boat’s crew; not a hard-hearted man, but his way of life had been such that in most things, even in the smallest, simple utility was his leading motive. “We cannot take them all, Hunilla; our supplies are short; the winds are unreliable; we may be a good many days going to Tombez. So take those you have, Hunilla; but no more.” She was in the boat; the oarsmen, too, were seated; all save one, who stood ready to push off and then spring himself. With the sagacity of their race, the dogs now seemed aware that they were in the very instant of being deserted upon a barren strand. The gunwales of the boat were high; its prow—presented inland—was lifted; so owing to the water, which they seemed instinctively to shun, the dogs could not well leap into the little craft. But their busy paws hard scraped the prow, as it had been some farmer’s door shutting them out from

Korean bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리, 기침을 하다, 포성, 총성, 나무 껍질로 덮다, 나무껍질, 소리지르다, 배, 피부-껍질 을 벗기다. featureless: 평범한, 특색이 없는, 특색 없는, 가격 변동이 없는, 아무 재미 없 는. fondling: 애완 동물, 귀여워하는 아기 , 귀염받는 사람. forlornly: 쓸쓸한, 의지할 곳 없이, 절 망적으로.

fraying: 닳아 해어짐, 닳아 해어진 것. graven: 조각된, 감명 깊은, 마음에 새 겨진, 새긴. haughty: 거만한, 오만한, 오만하는. hour-glass: 물시계, 모래시계. instinctively: 직관적으로, 본능적으로 , 천성의, 본능적인. lament: 비탄, 슬퍼하다, 한탄하다, 비 가, 애석해 하다. mound: 석가산, 작은 언덕, 투수판, 흙 무덤, 둑, 둑덕지게 하다.

rack: 고문, 파괴, 그물 선반, 선반, 고 문대, 고문하다, 조각구름, 착취하다, 침대, 경구보로 뛰어가다, 황폐. sagacity: 현명, 총명. shun: 차렷, 기피하다, 피하다. torture: 고문, 곡해하다, 고통, 을 고문 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다, 억지로 갖다 붙 이다, 억지로 비틀다, 억지로 꼬부리 다, 고문하다, 괴롭히다, 심한 고통. visibly: 눈에 보이게, 뚜렷하게, 명백 히, 역력히.

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shelter in a winter storm. A clamorous agony of alarm. They did not howl, or whine; they all but spoke.% “Push off! Give way!” cried the mate. The boat gave one heavy drag and lurch, and next moment shot swiftly from the beach, turned on her heel, and sped. The dogs ran howling along the water’s marge; now pausing to gaze at the flying boat, then motioning as if to leap in chase, but mysteriously withheld themselves; and again ran howling along the beach. Had they been human beings, hardly would they have more vividly inspired the sense of desolation. The oars were plied as confederate feathers of two wings. No one spoke. I looked back upon the beach, and then upon Hunilla, but her face was set in a stern dusky calm. The dogs crouching in her lap vainly licked her rigid hands. She never looked be her: but sat motionless, till we turned a promontory of the coast and lost all sights and sounds astern. She seemed as one who, having experienced the sharpest of mortal pangs, was henceforth content to have all lesser heartstrings riven, one by one. To Hunilla, pain seemed so necessary, that pain in other beings, though by love and sympathy made her own, was unrepiningly to be borne. A heart of yearning in a frame of steel. A heart of earthly yearning, frozen by the frost which falleth from the sky. The sequel is soon told. After a long passage, vexed by calms and baffling winds, we made the little port of Tombez in Peru, there to recruit the ship. Payta was not very distant. Our captain sold the tortoise oil to a Tombez merchant; and adding to the silver a contribution from all hands, gave it to our silent passenger, who knew not what the mariners had done. The last seen of lone Hunilla she was passing into Payta town, riding upon a small gray ass; and before her on the ass’s shoulders, she eyed the jointed workings of the beast’s armorial cross.

SKETCH NINTH HOOD’S ISLE AND THE HERMIT OBERLUS

Korean ass: 당나귀, 마보, 외집쟁이, 나귀, 고 집쟁이, 고집통이, 바보. confederate: 공모한, 동맹국, 동맹시 키다, 공모자, 동맹한, 동류, 남부 동 맹의, 동맹하다, 연합국, 연합한, 연맹 한. heartstrings: 심금, 깊은 감정. henceforth: 차후, 이후, 금후. howl: 멀리서 짖다, 울부짖으며 말하 다, 윙윙 휘몰아 치다, 짖다, 짖음, 큰 소리를 내다, 호통쳐서 침묵시키다,

멀리서 짖는 소리, 악을 쓰며 말하다. howling: 쓸쓸한, 울부짖는, 터무니 없 는, 대단한, 터무니없는, 짖는. jointed: 마디가 있는, 이음매가 있는, 접합의, 관절이 있는. lurch: 비틀거림, 경향, 경사, 대패, 차 따위가 갑자기 기울기, 상대를 러치로 이기다, 배 따위가 갑자기 기울기, 궁 상, 갑자기 기울기, 러치로 이기다, 갑 자기 기울다. promontory: 곶, 갑.

ran: 란. swiftly: 빨리, 신속히, 즉시, 즉석에서. vividly: 생생하게, 발랄하게, 선명하게 . whine: 우는 소리, 낑낑거리는 소리, 낑낑거리다, 애처롭게 울다, 우는소리 하다, 낑낑거림, 구슬피 울다, 킹킹대 는 소리, 흐느끼는 소리, 우는 소리하 다. yearning: 동경, 열망, 포부, 대망, 사모 하는, 그리움, 열망하는, 간절한 생각.

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“That darkesome glen they enter, where they find That cursed man low sitting on the ground, Musing full sadly in his sullein mind; His griesly lockes long gronen and unbound, Disordered hong about his shoulders round, And hid his face, through which his hollow eyne Lookt deadly dull, and stared as astound; His raw-bone cheekes, through penurie and pine, Were shronke into the jawes, as he did never dine.% His garments nought but many ragged clouts, With thornes together pind and patched reads, The which his naked sides he wrapt abouts.” Southeast of Crossman’s Isle lies Hood’s Isle, or McCain’s Beclouded Isle; and upon its south side is a vitreous cove with a wide strand of dark pounded black lava, called Black Beach, or Oberlus’s Landing. It might fitly have been styled Charon’s. It received its name from a wild white creature who spent many years here; in the person of a European bringing into this savage region qualities more diabolical than are to be found among any of the surrounding cannibals. About half a century ago, Oberlus deserted at the above-named island, then, as now, a solitude. He built himself a den of lava and clinkers, about a mile from the Landing, subsequently called after him, in a vale, or expanded gulch, containing here and there among the rocks about two acres of soil capable of rude cultivation; the only place on the isle not too blasted for that purpose. Here he succeeded in raising a sort of degenerate potatoes and pumpkins, which from time to time he exchanged with needy whalemen passing, for spirits or dollars. His appearance, from all accounts, was that of the victim of some malignant sorceress; he seemed to have drunk of Circe’s cup; beast-like; rags insufficient to hide his nakedness; his befreckled skin blistered by continual exposure to the

Korean astound: 놀라게하다, 몹시 놀라게 하 다, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 놀라게 하다. blasted: 저주받은, 시든, 결단난, 폭파 된. cultivation: 경작, 교화, 재배, 배양, 배 양균, 양성, 수양, 수련, 세련, 교양, 양식. cursed: 저주할, 심술궂은, 저주스러움, 심술통, 지겨운, 심사 사나운, 저부받 은, 천벌받은, 지긋지긋한, 가증스러 운, 저주 받은.

degenerate: 타락한, 퇴보한, 퇴보하다, 나빠지다, 퇴화한, 타락자. garments: 옷. gulch: 협곡. hong: -양행, 상관. nakedness: 결핍, 벌거숭이 노출이 있 는 그대로임, 벌거숭이. needy: 매우 가난한, 궁핍한 사람들, 가난한, 아주 가난한. nought: 영, 조금도 ...않다, 무, 보잘것 없는 사람, 보잘것없는 물건.

savage: 야만적인, 야만인, 잔인, 사나 운, 잔인한, 황량한, 세련되지 못한, 최고의, 야만적인 사람, 물어 뜯다, 나 체의. sorceress: 마법사. strand: 바닷가, 좌초시키다, 가닥을 끊 다, 물가, 꼬다, 좌초하다, 외가닥, 궁 핍하게 하다. unbound: 족쇄가 벗겨진, 매여 있지 않은. wrapt: 과거분사.

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sun; %nose flat; countenance contorted, heavy, earthy; hair and beard unshorn, profuse, and of fiery red. He struck strangers much as if he were a volcanic creature thrown up by the same convulsion which exploded into sight the isle. All bepatched and coiled asleep in his lonely lava den among the mountains, he looked, they say, as a heaped drift of withered leaves, torn from autumn trees, and so left in some hidden nook by the whirling halt for an instant of a fierce night-wind, which then ruthlessly sweeps on, somewhere else to repeat the capricious act. It is also reported to have been the strangest sight, this same Oberlus, of a sultry, cloudy morning, hidden under his shocking old black tarpaulin hat, hoeing potatoes among the lava. So warped and crooked was his strange nature, that the very handle of his hoe seemed gradually to have shrunk and twisted in his grasp, being a wretched bent stick, elbowed more like a savage’s war-sickle than a civilized hoe-handle. It was his mysterious custom upon a first encounter with a stranger ever to present his back; possibly, because that was his better side, since it revealed the least. If the encounter chanced in his garden, as it sometimes did—the new-landed strangers going from the sea-side straight through the gorge, to hunt up the queer green-grocer reported doing business here—Oberlus for a time hoed on, unmindful of all greeting, jovial or bland; as the curious stranger would turn to face him, the recluse, hoe in hand, as diligently would avert himself; bowed over, and sullenly revolving round his murphy hill. Thus far for hoeing. When planting, his whole aspect and all his gestures were so malevolently and uselessly sinister and secret, that he seemed rather in act of dropping poison into wells than potatoes into soil. But among his lesser and more harmless marvels was an idea he ever had, that his visitors came equally as well led by longings to behold the mighty hermit Oberlus in his royal state of solitude, as simply, to obtain potatoes, or find whatever company might be upon a barren isle. It seems incredible that such a being should possess such vanity; a misanthrope be conceited; but he really had his notion; and upon the strength of it, often gave himself amusing airs to captains. But after all, this is somewhat of a piece with the well-known eccentricity of some convicts, proud of that very hatefulness which makes them notorious. At other times, another unaccountable whim would seize him, and he would long dodge advancing

Korean conceited: 자부심이 강한, 변덕스러운 , 젠체하는, 뽐내는. convulsion: 격동, 웃음의 발작, 경련, 동란, 이변, 포복 절도, 동요, 경기, 변 동. dodge: 속임수, 속이다, 살짝숨다, 다 지, 말을 둘러대다, 묘안팅삥, 묘안, 몸을돌려피함, 홱몸을피하다, 홱 몸을 피하다, 가. earthy: 흙의, 야비한, 흙같은, 하치의, 세속의, 거친, 땅의, 지상의.

hermit: 은자. hoe: 괭이, 괭이로 파다, 괭이로 갈다, 제초기. jovial: 즐거운, 쾌활한, 유쾌한, 명령한 . misanthrope: 염세가, 인간혐오가, 사 람을 싫어하는 사람. profuse: 아낌없는, 풍부한, 통이 큰. recluse: 은둔한, 쓸쓸한, 외로운, 운둔 자, 세상을 버린 사람, 속세를 떠난 사 람.

ruthlessly: 무정하게, 냉혹하게, 무자 비하게. sullenly: 부루퉁하여, 뿌루퉁한, 뚱하 여. tarpaulin: 방수포, 방수 외부, 타르칠 한 돛베, 타르칠한 방수천. unshorn: 가위로 다듬지 않은, 감소되 지 않은, 거둬들이지 않은. whim: 변덕, 일시적 기분, 권상기. wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한, 비참 한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰.

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strangers round the clinkered corners of his hut; sometimes like a stealthy bear, he would slink through the withered thickets up the mountains, and refuse to see the human face.% Except his occasional visitors from the sea, for a long period, the only companions of Oberlus were the crawling tortoises; and he seemed more than degraded to their level, having no desires for a time beyond theirs, unless it were for the stupor brought on by drunkenness. But sufficiently debased as he appeared, there yet lurked in him, only awaiting occasion for discovery, a still further proneness. Indeed, the sole superiority of Oberlus over the tortoises was his possession of a larger capacity of degradation; and along with that, something like an intelligent will to it. Moreover, what is about to be revealed, perhaps will show, that selfish ambition, or the love of rule for its own sake, far from being the peculiar infirmity of noble minds, is shared by beings which have no mind at all. No creatures are so selfishly tyrannical as some brutes; as any one who has observed the tenants of the pasture must occasionally have observed. “This island’s mine by Sycorax my mother,” said Oberlus to himself, glaring round upon his haggard solitude. By some means, barter or theft—for in those days ships at intervals still kept touching at his Landing—he obtained an old musket, with a few charges of powder and ball. Possessed of arms, he was stimulated to enterprise, as a tiger that first feels the coming of its claws. The long habit of sole dominion over every object round him, his almost unbroken solitude, his never encountering humanity except on terms of misanthropic independence, or mercantile craftiness, and even such encounters being comparatively but rare; all this must have gradually nourished in him a vast idea of his own importance, together with a pure animal sort of scorn for all the rest of the universe. The unfortunate Creole, who enjoyed his brief term of royalty at Charles’s Isle was perhaps in some degree influenced by not unworthy motives; such as prompt other adventurous spirits to lead colonists into distant regions and assume political preeminence over them. His summary execution of many of his

Korean adventurous: 모험적인, 모험을 즐기 는, 모험을 좋아하는, 새로운 요소가 있는, 겁없는. barter: 교역하다팔다-물물교환, 물물 교환 하다, 교환하하, 물물 교환, 물물 교환 하다, 헐하게 팔아 버리다. craftiness: 교활함, 기능성. degradation: 좌천, 격하, 타락, 침식, 저하, 면직, 분해, 저락, 하락, 퇴보, 파면. drunkenness: 술취함, 명정의.

glaring: 눈부신, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 눈 기 본위로. 에 띄는, 명백한, 흘겨보는, 야한, 빤 slink: 살금살금 걷다, 가만히 도망치 한, 현란한, 빤짝빤짝 빛나는, 쏘아보. 다, 조산하다, 간들간들 걷다, 달 차지 infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점, 못한 새끼, 달이 차지 못한, 살금살금 연약, 질병, 질환, 결함. 도망가다, 유산하다. mercantile: 상업의, 돈에 눈이 어두운, tyrannical: 활자의, 전제 군주적인. 무역의. unbroken: 파손되지 않은, 길들여 지 misanthropic: 염세적인, 사람 싫어하 지 않은, 중단되지 않은, 완전한, 미개 는, 사람을 싫어하는. 간의, 꺽이지 않은, 꺾이지 않은, 중단 preeminence: 발군, 탁월, 걸출. 되지 않는, 손상되지 않은, 깨어지지 selfishly: 이기적으로, 자기본위로, 자 않은, 경작되지 않은.

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Peruvians is quite pardonable, considering the desperate characters he had to deal with; while his offering canine battle to the banded rebels seems under the circumstances altogether just. But for this King Oberlus and what shortly follows, no shade of palliation can be given. He acted out of mere delight in tyranny and cruelty, by virtue of a quality in him inherited from Sycorax his mother. Armed now with that shocking blunderbuss, strong in the thought of being master of that horrid isle, he panted for a chance to prove his potency upon the first specimen of humanity which should fall unbefriended into his hands.% Nor was he long without it. One day he spied a boat upon the beach, with one man, a negro, standing by it. Some distance off was a ship, and Oberlus immediately knew how matters stood. The vessel had put in for wood, and the boat’s crew had gone into the thickets for it. From a convenient spot he kept watch of the boat, till presently a straggling company appeared loaded with billets. Throwing these on the beach, they again went into the thickets, while the negro proceeded to load the boat. Oberlus now makes all haste and accosts the negro, who, aghast at seeing any living being inhabiting such a solitude, and especially so horrific a one, immediately falls into a panic, not at all lessened by the ursine suavity of Oberlus, who begs the favor of assisting him in his labors. The negro stands with several billets on his shoulder, in act of shouldering others; and Oberlus, with a short cord concealed in his bosom, kindly proceeds to lift those other billets to their place. In so doing, he persists in keeping behind the negro, who, rightly suspicious of this, in vain dodges about to gain the front of Oberlus; but Oberlus dodges also; till at last, weary of this bootless attempt at treachery, or fearful of being surprised by the remainder of the party, Oberlus runs off a little space to a bush, and fetching his blunderbuss, savagely commands the negro to desist work and follow him. He refuses. Whereupon, presenting his piece, Oberlus snaps at him. Luckily the blunderbuss misses fire; but by this time, frightened out of his wits, the negro, upon a second intrepid summons, drops his billets, surrenders at discretion, and follows on. By a narrow defile familiar to him, Oberlus speedily removes out of sight of the water.

Korean aghast: 어안이 벙벙하여, 질겁하여, 두 려워 떨며, 깜짝 놀라. blunderbuss: 나팔총. concealed: 숨기는. cord: 코드, 새끼로 묶다, 새끼, 굴레, 장작의 평수, 골지게 짠 직물의 이랑, 끈, 가는바로묶다, 코듀로이, 노끈, 삭 상조직. desist: 그만두다, 단념하다. fetching: 사람의 눈을 끄는, 매혹하는. horrid: 무서운, 지독한.

horrific: 무서운, 소름끼칠듯한, 대단 한. intrepid: 대담한, 무서움을 모르는, 용 맹스러운, 용맹한. palliation: 일시적 완화, 변명, 경감, 참작, 완화책, 고식적인 수단, 질병 따 위의 일시적 완화, 아픔 따위의 일시 적 완화. pardonable: 변명이되는, 용서할수 있 는, 용서할 만한, 허용할 수 있는, 용 서할 수 있는.

potency: 효력, 세력, 힘, 유효성, 권위, 잠재력, 효능, 설득력, 권력. savagely: 야만적인, 잔인, 야만인, 사 나운, 사납게, 몹시 화가 나서. shocking: 지독한, 지독하게, 충격적인 , 망측한, 무서운, 오싹하게 하는, 고 약한, 소름끼치는, 형편 없는. straggling: 뿔뿔이 흩어지다, 무질서하 게 나아가다, 뒤떨어지다, 뻗쳐 퍼지 다, 산재하다, 우거지다, 낙오한. suavity: 온화, 정중한 태도, 기분좋음.

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On%their way up the mountains, he exultingly informs the negro, that henceforth he is to work for him, and be his slave, and that his treatment would entirely depend on his future conduct. But Oberlus, deceived by the first impulsive cowardice of the black, in an evil moment slackens his vigilance. Passing through a narrow way, and perceiving his leader quite off his guard, the negro, a powerful fellow, suddenly grasps him in his arms, throws him down, wrests his musketoon from him, ties his hands with the monster’s own cord, shoulders him, and returns with him down to the boat. When the rest of the party arrive, Oberlus is carried on board the ship. This proved an Englishman, and a smuggler; a sort of craft not apt to be over-charitable. Oberlus is severely whipped, then handcuffed, taken ashore, and compelled to make known his habitation and produce his property. His potatoes, pumpkins, and tortoises, with a pile of dollars he had hoarded from his mercantile operations were secured on the spot. But while the too vindictive smugglers were busy destroying his hut and garden, Oberlus makes his escape into the mountains, and conceals himself there in impenetrable recesses, only known to himself, till the ship sails, when he ventures back, and by means of an old file which he sticks into a tree, contrives to free himself from his handcuffs. Brooding among the ruins of his hut, and the desolate clinkers and extinct volcanoes of this outcast isle, the insulted misanthrope now meditates a signal revenge upon humanity, but conceals his purposes. Vessels still touch the Landing at times; and by-and-by Oberlus is enabled to supply them with some vegetables. Warned by his former failure in kidnapping strangers, he now pursues a quite different plan. When seamen come ashore, he makes up to them like a freeand-easy comrade, invites them to his hut, and with whatever affability his redhaired grimness may assume, entreats them to drink his liquor and be merry. But his guests need little pressing; and so, soon as rendered insensible, are tied hand and foot, and pitched among the clinkers, are there concealed till the ship departs, when, finding themselves entirely dependent upon Oberlus, alarmed at his changed demeanor, his savage threats, and above all, that shocking

Korean affability: 상냥함, 붙임성 있음, 사근 사근한, 사근사근함, 상냥한, 정중한, 붙임성 있는. apt: 적당한, 하기쉬운, 이해가 빠른, 적절한, 총기있는, 하기 쉬운, 할 것 같은, 재기있는. extinct: 꺼진, 끊어진, 사멸한, 폐지된, 단절된. grimness: 무서움, 굳셈, 냉혹함, 무시 무시함, 으스스함, 혐악함. habitation: 거주, 주소, 주택.

handcuffs: 수갑. impenetrable: 헤아릴 수 없는, 불가입 성의, 무감각한, 꿰뚫을 수 없는, 불가 해의, 불가해한, 완고한, 물들지 않는, 고집스러운, 동요되지 않는, 둔한. impulsive: 충동적인, 추진적인, 순간 력의, 추진하는, 자극적인, 고무적인, 감정에 끌린, 감정에 흐른. kidnapping: 유괴. liquor: 알코올 음료, 술, 술을 많이 먹 이다, 물약, 용액에 담그다, 독주를 마

시게 하다, 독주를 많이 마시다, 분비 액. outcast: 버림받은, 집없는, 추방자, 배 척받은, 버림받은사람, 추방된, 추방 된 사람. smuggler: 밀수선, 밀수입자, 밀수자, 밀수출자. vegetables: 야채. vigilance: 불침번, 경계, 불면증, 철야, 조심, 불면, 각성 상태, 각성 활동, 각 성.

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blunderbuss, they willingly enlist under him, becoming his humble slaves, and Oberlus the most incredible of tyrants. So much so, that two or three perish beneath his initiating process. He sets the remainder—four of them—to breaking the caked soil; transporting upon their backs loads of loamy earth, scooped up in moist clefts among the mountains; keeps them on the roughest fare; presents his piece at the slightest hint of insurrection; and in all respects converts them into reptiles at his feet—plebeian garter-snakes to this Lord Anaconda.% At last, Oberlus contrives to stock his arsenal with four rusty cutlasses, and an added supply of powder and ball intended for his blunderbuss. Remitting in good part the labor of his slaves, he now approves himself a man, or rather devil, of great abilities in the way of cajoling or coercing others into acquiescence with his own ulterior designs, however at first abhorrent to them. But indeed, prepared for almost any eventual evil by their previous lawless life, as a sort of ranging Cow-Boys of the sea, which had dissolved within them the whole moral man, so that they were ready to concrete in the first offered mould of baseness now; rotted down from manhood by their hopeless misery on the isle; wonted to cringe in all things to their lord, himself the worst of slaves; these wretches were now become wholly corrupted to his hands. He used them as creatures of an inferior race; in short, he gaffles his four animals, and makes murderers of them; out of cowards fitly manufacturing bravos. Now, sword or dagger, human arms are but artificial claws and fangs, tied on like false spurs to the fighting cock. So, we repeat, Oberlus, czar of the isle, gaffles his four subjects; that is, with intent of glory, puts four rusty cutlasses into their hands. Like any other autocrat, he had a noble army now. It might be thought a servile war would hereupon ensue. Arms in the hands of trodden slaves? how indiscreet of Emperor Oberlus! Nay, they had but cutlasses—sad old scythes enough—he a blunderbuss, which by its blind scatterings of all sorts of boulders, clinkers, and other scoria would annihilate all four mutineers, like four pigeons at one shot. Besides, at first he did not sleep in his accustomed hut; every lurid sunset, for a time, he might have been seen wending his way among the riven mountains, there to secrete himself till dawn

Korean abhorrent: 상반되는, 서로 용납 안 되 는, 지겨운, 몹시 싫은, 아주 질색인. acquiescence: 묵낙, 동의, 묵종. annihilate: 전멸시키다, 완패시키다, 절멸시키다, 무효로 하다, 근절시키다 , 억누르다. autocrat: 독재자, 독재군주, 전제군주. baseness: 천함, 서출, 치사함, 속팀, 열 등, 조악, 하등, 비열, 가짜. cringe: 움씰하다, 굽실거리다, 싫증이 나다, 진력나다, 알랑거리다, 아첨하

다, 비굴한 태도, 굽실거림, 움츠러들 다. czar: 황제, 전제 군주, 독재자, 지도자, 제정러시아의 황제, 전제군주, 권력자 , 군주, 제정 러시아의 황제. ensue: 계속해서일어나다, 을 찾다, 뒤 이어 일어 나다, 의 결과로서 일어나 다, 을 구하다. hereupon: 여기에 있어서. indiscreet: 경솔한, 지각없는, 무분별 한, 분별없는.

insurrection: 폭동, 반란, 봉기. loamy: 롬의, 옥토의, 옥토질의. lurid: 창백한, 무시무시한, 무서운, 섬 쩍지근하게붉은, 구름 따위 불타 오르 듯이 붉은, 불타 오르듯이 붉은, 어쩐 지 기분 나쁜, 전광 따위 불타 오르듯 이 붉은, 풍경 따위 불타 오르듯이 붉 은, 하늘 따위 불타 오르듯이 붉은. scoria: 쇠똥, 화산암 부스러기. secrete: 비밀로 하다, 분비하다, 숨기 다.

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in some sulphurous pitfall, undiscoverable to his gang; but finding this at last too troublesome, he now each evening tied his slaves hand and foot, hid the cutlasses, and thrusting them into his barracks, shut to the door, and lying down before it, beneath a rude shed lately added, slept out the night, blunderbuss in hand.% It is supposed that not content with daily parading over a cindery solitude at the head of his fine army, Oberlus now meditated the most active mischief; his probable object being to surprise some passing ship touching at his dominions, massacre the crew, and run away with her to parts unknown. While these plans were simmering in his head, two ships touch in company at the isle, on the opposite side to his; when his designs undergo a sudden change. The ships are in want of vegetables, which Oberlus promises in great abundance, provided they send their boats round to his landing, so that the crews may bring the vegetables from his garden; informing the two captains, at the same time, that his rascals—slaves and soldiers—had become so abominably lazy and good-for-nothing of late, that he could not make them work by ordinary inducements, and did not have the heart to be severe with them. The arrangement was agreed to, and the boats were sent and hauled upon the beach. The crews went to the lava hut; but to their surprise nobody was there. After waiting till their patience was exhausted, they returned to the shore, when lo, some stranger—not the Good Samaritan either—seems to have very recently passed that way. Three of the boats were broken in a thousand pieces, and the fourth was missing. By hard toil over the mountains and through the clinkers, some of the strangers succeeded in returning to that side of the isle where the ships lay, when fresh boats are sent to the relief of the rest of the hapless party. However amazed at the treachery of Oberlus, the two captains, afraid of new and still more mysterious atrocities—and indeed, half imputing such strange events to the enchantments associated with these isles—perceive no security but in instant flight; leaving Oberlus and his army in quiet possession of the stolen boat.

Korean abominably: 몹시, 지독히, 가증스레. abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, 충 분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 유 복. amazed: 놀란. barracks: 병영, 병사. exhausted: 다 써버린, 다 퍼버린, 소모 된, 물이 마른, 고갈된, 지칠대로 지친 . good-for-nothing: 백수 건달, 쓸모없 는 사람, 쓸모없는.

landing: 상륙, 착륙, 상륙장, 층계 참, 층계참. lazy: 느린, 게으른, 태만한, 귀찮은 듯 한. patience: 인내, 끈기, 혼자 노는 카드 놀이, 혼자 하는 카드 놀이, 혼자서 놀 기, 트럼프 따위 혼자서 놀기. pitfall: 함정, 유혹. probable: 있음직한, 사실 같은, 확실 한 듯한, 할 듯 싶은, 유망한 후보자, 무슨일을 할 것 같은 사람, 보결선수,

일어날 듯한 사건, 무슨 일을 할 것 같 은 사람. simmering: 당장에라도 폭발할 것 같 은. sulphurous: 유황을 약간 함유하는, 유 황의, 천둥의, 황의. troublesome: 귀찮은, 골치 아픈, 다루 기 힘든, 성가신, 까다로운, 말썽부리 는. undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다, 경험 하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다.

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On the eve of sailing they put a letter in a keg, giving the Pacific Ocean intelligence of the affair, and moored the keg in the bay. Some time subsequent, the keg was opened by another captain chancing to anchor there, but not until after he had dispatched a boat round to Oberlus’s Landing. As may be readily surmised, he felt no little inquietude till the boat’s return: when another letter was handed him, giving Oberlus’s version of the affair. This precious document had been found pinned half-mildewed to the clinker wall of the sulphurous and deserted hut. It ran as follows: showing that Oberlus was at least an accomplished writer, and no mere boor; and what is more, was capable of the most tristful eloquence.% “Sir: I am the most unfortunate ill-treated gentleman that lives. I am a patriot, exiled from my country by the cruel hand of tyranny. “Banished to these Enchanted Isles, I have again and again besought captains of ships to sell me a boat, but always have been refused, though I offered the handsomest prices in Mexican dollars. At length an opportunity presented of possessing myself of one, and I did not let it slip. “I have been long endeavoring, by hard labor and much solitary suffering, to accumulate something to make myself comfortable in a virtuous though unhappy old age; but at various times have been robbed and beaten by men professing to be Christians. “To-day I sail from the Enchanted group in the good boat Charity bound to the Feejee Isles. “FATHERLESS OBERLUS. “P.S.—Behind the clinkers, nigh the oven, you will find the old fowl. Do not kill it; be patient; I leave it setting; if it shall have any chicks, I hereby bequeath them to you, whoever you may be. But don’t count your chicks before they are hatched.” The fowl proved a starveling rooster, reduced to a sitting posture by sheer debility.

Korean accumulate: 모으다, 쌓이다, 모이다, 쌓다. bequeath: 전하다, 남기다, 유증하다, 유언으로 증여하는 것, 유언으로 양도 하다, 후세에 남기는 것. cruel: 잔인한, 심한, 잔혹한, 아주, 몹 시, 지독하게, 무정한, 무참한, 비차만 , 비참한, 지독한. deserted: 버림받은, 사람이 살지 않는, 활페한, 황폐한. eve: 전야, 저녁, 이브, 직전, 밤, 명절

의 전날 밤, 하와, 전날 밤, 전날, 여자 이름. fatherless: 아버지가 없는, 작자 미상 의, 아버지를 알 수 없는. mere: 호수, 단순한, 에 불과한, 못, 명 색뿐인, 에 지나지 않는, 전적인 호수. oven: 화덕, 오븐, 숍, 솥, 가마. precious: 귀중한, 귀여운, 순전한, 지 독한, 소중한, 비싼, 점잔빼는, 꾀까다 로운, 대단한, 몹시, 소중한 사람. rooster: 수탉.

starveling: 굶주려서 야윈, 굶주린, 말 라빠진 동물, 말라빠진 사람, 영양 부 족인 동물, 영양 부족인 사람. tristful: 슬픈, 우울한. unhappy: 불행한, 부적당한, 적절하지 못한, 계제 나쁜. virtuous: 정숙한, 선량한, 도덕적인, 덕이 있는, 덕 있는, 효력이 있는, 고 결한 체하는. whoever: 하는 사람은 누구든, 도대체 누가, 누구나, 도대체 누구를.

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Oberlus declares that he was bound to the Feejee Isles; but this was only to throw pursuers on a false scent. For, after a long time, he arrived, alone in his open boat, at Guayaquil. As his miscreants were never again beheld on Hood’s Isle, it is supposed, either that they perished for want of water on the passage to Guayaquil, or, what is quite as probable, were thrown overboard by Oberlus, when he found the water growing scarce.% From Guayaquil Oberlus proceeded to Payta; and there, with that nameless witchery peculiar to some of the ugliest animals, wound himself into the affections of a tawny damsel; prevailing upon her to accompany him back to his Enchanted Isle; which doubtless he painted as a Paradise of flowers, not a Tartarus of clinkers. But unfortunately for the colonization of Hood’s Isle with a choice variety of animated nature, the extraordinary and devilish aspect of Oberlus made him to be regarded in Payta as a highly suspicious character. So that being found concealed one night, with matches in his pocket, under the hull of a small vessel just ready to be launched, he was seized and thrown into jail. The jails in most South American towns are generally of the least wholesome sort. Built of huge cakes of sun-burnt brick, and containing but one room, without windows or yard, and but one door heavily grated with wooden bars, they present both within and without the grimmest aspect. As public edifices they conspicuously stand upon the hot and dusty Plaza, offering to view, through the gratings, their villainous and hopeless inmates, burrowing in all sorts of tragic squalor. And here, for a long time, Oberlus was seen; the central figure of a mongrel and assassin band; a creature whom it is religion to detest, since it is philanthropy to hate a misanthrope. Note.—They who may be disposed to question the possibility of the character above depicted, are referred to the 2d vol. of Porter’s Voyage into the Pacific, where they will recognize many sentences, for expedition’s sake derived verbatim from thence, and incorporated here; the main difference—save a few passing reflections—between the two accounts being, that the present writer has added to Porter’s facts accessory ones picked up in the Pacific from reliable

Korean accessory: 부속물, 종범의, 보조의, 악 세사리, 종범자, 부속의, 종범, 보조적 인. accompany: 반주하다, 따르다, 따르게 하다, 동반하다. colonization: 식민지화, 일시적 이주, 식민지건설, 주열, 주랑, 식민지 형성. damsel: 처녀, 소녀, 계집아이, 미혼 여 성. detest: 미워하다, 싫어하다, 혐오하다. devilish: 극도의, 악마같은, 극악무도

한, 지독한, 악마 같은. dusty: 먼지빛의, 먼지투성이의, 티끌 투성이의, 가루의, 무미 건조한, 가루 모양의. grated: 일반용의. hopeless: 가망없는, 절감의, 희망없는, 희망을 잃은, 쓸모없는. mongrel: 잡종, 주로개, 잡종의, 잡종 의 개. prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의, 일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진.

scent: 냄새, 향수를 뿌리다, 향수, 흔적 , 향기, 냄새 맡다, 냄새를 풍기다, 냄 새자취, 실마리, 알아채다, 후각. squalor: 치사함, 더러움, 너더분함, 비 열, 누추함. tawny: 황갈색, 황갈색의. verbatim: 축어적인, 축어적으로. villainous: 몹시 나쁜, 하등의, 지독한, 천한, 악한같은, 형편없는, 넌더리나 는, 극악한, 악인 같은, 악한 같은. witchery: 요술, 마력, 매력, 마법.

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sources; and where facts conflict, has naturally preferred his own authorities to Porter’s. As, for instance, his authorities place Oberlus on Hood’s Isle: Porter’s, on Charles’s Isle. The letter found in the hut is also somewhat different; for while at the Encantadas he was informed that, not only did it evince a certain clerkliness, but was full of the strangest satiric effrontery which does not adequately appear in Porter’s version. I accordingly altered it to suit the general character of its author.%

SKETCH TENTH RUNAWAYS, CASTAWAYS, SOLITARIES, GRAVE-STONES, ETC. “And all about old stocks and stubs of trees, Whereon nor fruit nor leaf was ever seen, Did hang upon ragged knotty knees, On which had many wretches hanged been.” Some relics of the hut of Oberlus partially remain to this day at the head of the clinkered valley. Nor does the stranger, wandering among other of the Enchanted Isles, fail to stumble upon still other solitary abodes, long abandoned to the tortoise and the lizard. Probably few parts of earth have, in modern times, sheltered so many solitaries. The reason is, that these isles are situated in a distant sea, and the vessels which occasionally visit them are mostly all whalers, or ships bound on dreary and protracted voyages, exempting them in a good degree from both the oversight and the memory of human law. Such is the character of some commanders and some seamen, that under these untoward circumstances, it is quite impossible but that scenes of unpleasantness and discord should occur between them. A sullen hatred of the tyrannic ship will seize the sailor, and he gladly exchanges it for isles, which, though blighted as by a continual sirocco and burning breeze, still offer him, in their labyrinthine

Korean adequately: 충분하게, 그런대로 어울 리게, 적당하게, 마땅히, 적절하게, 적 합하게. burning: 불타는, 긴급한, 격렬한, 타 고 있는 것, 타고 있는, 시급한. discord: 불일치, 불협화음, 일치하지 않다, 불화하다, 부조화, 불화, 협화하 지 않다. evince: 나타내다, 명시하다. hatred: 증오, 혐오, 몹시 싫어함, 미움. knotty: 엉킨, 마디 많은, 해결이 어려

운, 매듭 있는, 결절이 있는, 결절의, 분규된. leaf: 잎, 잎이 나오다, 꽃잎, 박, 페이지 를 넘기다, 얇은 판자, 한장, 풀잎, 흔 히 꽃잎, 한 장, 책의 한 장. oversight: 실수, 빠뜨림, 감독, 감시, 못보고 넘김. partially: 불공평하게, 부분적으로, 편 파적으로, 충분치못하게, 일부분은. sirocco: 열풍, 시로코 바람. situated: 입장에 놓인, 있는, 한 처지

에 있는, 위치해 있는, 한 경우에 있는 , 한 상태에 있는. stumble: 말을 더듬다, 실책, 비틀거림 , 비틀거리게 하다, 망설이다, 실수, 더듬거리다, 마주치다, 헛딛어 곱드러 지다, 망설이게 하다, 비틀거리다. tyrannic: 압제적인, 포악한, 무도한. unpleasantness: 오해, 불화, 살풍경, 불유쾌, 불쾌감, 불쾌한 일, 불쾌함, 비위에 거슬림, 사건다툼, 파흥, 몰취 미.

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interior, a retreat beyond the possibility of capture. To flee the ship in any Peruvian or Chilian port, even the smallest and most rustical, is not unattended with great risk of apprehension, not to speak of jaguars. A reward of five pesos sends fifty dastardly Spaniards into the wood, who, with long knives, scour them day and night in eager hopes of securing their prey. Neither is it, in general, much easier to escape pursuit at the isles of Polynesia. Those of them which have felt a civilizing influence present the same difficulty to the runaway with the Peruvian ports, the advanced natives being quite as mercenary and keen of knife and scent as the retrograde Spaniards; while, owing to the bad odor in which all Europeans lie, in the minds of aboriginal savages who have chanced to hear aught of them, to desert the ship among primitive Polynesians, is, in most cases, a hope not unforlorn. Hence the Enchanted Isles become the voluntary tarrying places of all sorts of refugees; some of whom too sadly experience the fact, that flight from tyranny does not of itself insure a safe asylum, far less a happy home.% Moreover, it has not seldom happened that hermits have been made upon the isles by the accidents incident to tortoise-hunting. The interior of most of them is tangled and difficult of passage beyond description; the air is sultry and stifling; an intolerable thirst is provoked, for which no running stream offers its kind relief. In a few hours, under an equatorial sun, reduced by these causes to entire exhaustion, woe betide the straggler at the Enchanted Isles! Their extent is suchas to forbid an adequate search, unless weeks are devoted to it. The impatient ship waits a day or two; when, the missing man remaining undiscovered, up goes a stake on the beach, with a letter of regret, and a keg of crackers and another of water tied to it, and away sails the craft. Nor have there been wanting instances where the inhumanity of some captains has led them to wreak a secure revenge upon seamen who have given their caprice or pride some singular offense. Thrust ashore upon the scorching marl, such mariners are abandoned to perish outright, unless by solitary labors they succeed in discovering some precious dribblets of moisture oozing from a rock or stagnant in a mountain pool.

Korean betide: 발생하다, 생기다, 닥치다, 일 어나다. dastardly: 비겁한, 겁약한, 못난, 비겁 하게, 비열하게. equatorial: 적도의, 매우 무더운. inhumanity: 몰인정, 무자비, 잔인, 잔 인한것, 잔학, 몰인정한 행위, 냉혹. marl: 이회토, 비료로 쓰는 이회토, 에 이회토를 뿌리다. mercenary: 고용된, 돈을 목적으로 일 하는, 돈만 바라는, 외국 군대에 고용

된, 용병. 어내다, 급히 찾아 다니다, 갈다, 청소 odor: 냄새, 기미, 방향, 평판. 하다, 찾아 헤매다, 갈아서 닦다, 씻어 retrograde: 후퇴하는, 후퇴하다, 역행 내기, 을 급히 지나치다, 을 대충 생각 하다, 퇴보하다, 역행하는, 소급하다, 하다. 퇴화하는, 반대의, 악화하다, 타락하 stagnant: 흐르지 않는, 활발치 못한, 다, 되돌아가는. 괴어 있는, 불경기의, 활기 없는. scorching: 맹렬한, 태우는, 난폭한질 stifling: 답답한, 숨막힐 듯한, 딱딱하 주, 호된 태움, 호된, 태우는 듯한, 매 고 거북한, 거북살스러운, 숨막힐듯한 우 뜨거운, 몹시 뜨거운, 난폭한 질주, . 태움, 타는 듯이. straggler: 낙오자, 우거져 퍼지는 풀, scour: 질주하다, 문질러 닦다, 물로 씻 불규칙하게 뻗어나간 가지, 미조.

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I was well acquainted with a man, who, lost upon the Isle of Narborough, was brought to such extremes by thirst, that at last he only saved his life by taking that of another being. A large hair-seal came upon the beach. He rushed upon it, stabbed it in the neck, and then throwing himself upon the panting body quaffed at the living wound; the palpitations of the creature’s dying heart injected life into the drinker.% Another seaman, thrust ashore in a boat upon an isle at which no ship ever touched, owing to its peculiar sterility and the shoals about it, and from which all other parts of the group were hidden—this man, feeling that it was sure death to remain there, and that nothing worse than death menaced him in quitting it, killed seals, and inflating their skins, made a float, upon which he transported himself to Charles’s Island, and joined the republic there. But men, not endowed with courage equal to such desperate attempts, find their only resource in forthwith seeking some watering-place, however precarious or scanty; building a hut; catching tortoises and birds; and in all respects preparing for a hermit life, till tide or time, or a passing ship arrives to float them off. At the foot of precipices on many of the isles, small rude basins in the rocks are found, partly filled with rotted rubbish or vegetable decay, or overgrown with thickets, and sometimes a little moist; which, upon examination, reveal plain tokens of artificial instruments employed in hollowing them out, by some poor castaway or still more miserable runaway. These basins are made in places where it was supposed some scanty drops of dew might exude into them from the upper crevices. The relics of hermitages and stone basins are not the only signs of vanishing humanity to be found upon the isles. And, curious to say, that spot which of all others in settled communities is most animated, at the Enchanted Isles presents the most dreary of aspects. And though it may seem very strange to talk of postoffices in this barren region, yet post-offices are occasionally to be found there. They consist of a stake and a bottle. The letters being not only sealed, but corked. They are generally deposited by captains of Nantucketers for the benefit of

Korean castaway: 버림받은, 난파한, 무뢰한, 불량한, 파산한 사람, 버림받은 사람, 버림받은 아이. corked: 코르크 먹으로 화장한, 코르크 마개를 한, 맛이 덜한, 코르크마개를 한, 코르크 냄새를 풍기는, 코르크마 개 냄새나는, 만취한, 술취하여, 코르 크 마개 냄새 나는, 술 취하여. drops: 점적약. extremes: 양극단을 이룬 사물, 극단적 인 수단, 과격한수단.

exude: 발산시키다, 발산하다, 배어나 오게 하다, 배어나오다, 스며나오게 하다, 스며나오다. float: 띄우다, 뜨다, 뜨는 물건, 유통되 다, 떨어져가다, 퍼지다, 표류하다, 세 워지다, 흙손, 부유물, 부레. injected: 주사된 충혈된. moist: 습한, 눅눅한, 비가 많은, 습기 찬. overgrown: 너무 크게 자란, 너무 자란 , 전면에 우거진, 지나치게 자란, 키가

너무 큰, 전면에무성한, 꼴사나운, 볼 꼴사나운, 너무커진, 식물이 너무 무 성한, 사람이 너무 크게 자란. precarious: 불안정한, 위험한, 남의 뜻 에 좌우되는, 불확실하다, 믿을 수 없 는, 근거가 불확실한, 남의 마음대로 되는. sealed: 봉인한, 도장을 찍은. sterility: 불임, 무효, 불모, 빈약, 무취 미, 무결과, 무미 건조, 빈곤, 중성, 불 임증.

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passing fishermen, and contain statements as to what luck they had in whaling or tortoise-hunting. Frequently, however, long months and months, whole years glide by and no applicant appears. The stake rots and falls, presenting no very exhilarating object.% If now it be added that grave-stones, or rather grave-boards, are also discovered upon some of the isles, the picture will be complete. Upon the beach of James’s Isle, for many years, was to be seen a rude fingerpost, pointing inland. And, perhaps, taking it for some signal of possible hospitality in this otherwise desolate spot—some good hermit living there with his maple dish—the stranger would follow on in the path thus indicated, till at last he would come out in a noiseless nook, and find his only welcome, a dead man—his sole greeting the inscription over a grave. Here, in 1813, fell, in a daybreak duel, a lieutenant of the U.S. frigate Essex, aged twenty-one: attaining his majority in death. It is but fit that, like those old monastic institutions of Europe, whose inmates go not out of their own walls to be inurned, but are entombed there where they die, the Encantadas, too, should bury their own dead, even as the great general monastery of earth does hers. It is known that burial in the ocean is a pure necessity of sea-faring life, and that it is only done when land is far astern, and not clearly visible from the bow. Hence, to vessels cruising in the vicinity of the Enchanted Isles, they afford a convenient Potter’s Field. The interment over, some good-natured forecastle poet and artist seizes his paint-brush, and inscribes a doggerel epitaph. When, after a long lapse of time, other good-natured seamen chance to come upon the spot, they usually make a table of the mound, and quaff a friendly can to the poor soul’s repose. As a specimen of these epitaphs, take the following, found in a bleak gorge of Chatham Isle:— “Oh, Brother Jack, as you pass by, As you are now, so once was I.

Korean applicant: 응모자, 지원자, 후보자. bleak: 으스스 추운, 황량한, 쌀쌀한, 쓸쓸한, 찬바람 나는, 싸늘한, 바람받 이의, 침체된, 차가운. burial: 매장. bury: 묻다, 몰두하게하다, 장사지내다 , 몰두하다, 숨기다, 잊다, 파묻다, 덮 어서 숨기다. doggerel: 서투른, 빈약한, 서투른시, 우스꽝스러운, 광시. duel: 결투, 결투하다, 투쟁.

epitaph: 비명, 비명체의 시문, 비문, 비명체의 시. exhilarating: 유쾌하게 만드는, 유쾌한 . glide: 활주, 미끄러지다, 미끄러짐, 활 공, 미끄러뜨리다, 활주하다, 미끄럼 길, 미끄럼대, 점차로 변하다, 미끄러 지듯 달리게 하다, 활공시키다. grave: 수수한, 무덤, 명심하다, 새기다 , 중대한, 진지한, 묘혈, 심각한, 중요 한, 예사롭지 않은, 침침한.

hers: 그 여자의 것. hospitality: 환대, 후대, 친절한 대접, 친절히 대접하기. monastic: 수도원의, 금욕적인, 소도사 의, 수도원적인, 수사. poet: 시인, 시인 기질의 사람, 가인. quaff: 통음, 꿀꺽꿀꺽 마시다, 술을 꿀 꺽꿀꺽들이켜다, 단숨에 들이켜다, 꿀 꺽꿀꺽 마심, 쭉 들이켬, 단숨에 들이 켜기, 꿀꺽꿀꺽 들이켜다. whaling: 고래잡이, 구타, 대단히, 큰.

Herman Melville

Just so game, and just so gay, But now, alack, they’ve stopped my pay.% No more I peep out of my blinkers, Here I be—tucked in with clinkers!”

Korean alack: 가엾도다, 슬프다. blinkers: 눈가리개 가죽, 먼저 막는 안 경. game: 농담, 경기, 승부의 점수, 경기 회, 책략, 유희, 오락, 한판, 용감한, 끝까지 버티다, 내기하다. gay: 방탕한, 쾌활한, 화려한, 화사한, 명랑한, 뻔뻔한, 건강한, 동성연애자, 동성 연애자의, 동성연애, 동성 연애 의. peep: 출현, 나타나다, 삐악삐악, 엿보

기, 엿보다, 작은 소리로 이야기 하다, 훔쳐봄, 훔쳐보다, 들여다보는 구멍, 짹짹울다, 작은 새 따위가 짹짹우는 소리.

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THE BELL-TOWER

In the south of Europe, nigh a once frescoed capital, now with dank mould cankering its bloom, central in a plain, stands what, at distance, seems the black mossed stump of some immeasurable pine, fallen, in forgotten days, with Anak and the Titan.% As all along where the pine tree falls, its dissolution leaves a mossy mound— last-flung shadow of the perished trunk; never lengthening, never lessening; unsubject to the fleet falsities of the sun; shade immutable, and true gauge which cometh by prostration—so westward from what seems the stump, one steadfast spear of lichened ruin veins the plain. From that tree-top, what birded chimes of silver throats had rung. A stone pine; a metallic aviary in its crown: the Bell-Tower, built by the great mechanician, the unblest foundling, Bannadonna. Like Babel’s, its base was laid in a high hour of renovated earth, following the second deluge, when the waters of the Dark Ages had dried up, and once more the green appeared. No wonder that, after so long and deep submersion, the jubilant expectation of the race should, as with Noah’s sons, soar into Shinar aspiration. In firm resolve, no man in Europe at that period went beyond Bannadonna. Enriched through commerce with the Levant, the state in which he lived voted to have the noblest Bell-Tower in Italy. His repute assigned him to be architect.

Korean aspiration: 포부, 대망, 기음, 갈망, 빨 아냄, 열망, 기식음 발성, 호흡, 흡출. bloom: 번영하다, 개화기, 꽃, 쇳덩이, 건강한-피다, 과분, 개화, 앵두빛, 특 정 시즌의 꽃, 특정 식물의 꽃, 특정 장소의 꽃. dank: 습기찬, 축축한. deluge: 대홍수, 에 쇄도하다, 큰비, 범 람시키다, 쇄도, 쇄도-범람시키다. foundling: 기아, 주운아이. immeasurable: 끝없는, 헤아릴수 없는

, 광대한, 잴 수 없는, 측정할 수 없는. immutable: 불변의, 변경되지 않는. jubilant: 기쁨에넘친, 기쁨에 넘친, 환 성을 올리는, 환성을올리는, 환성을 올리며기뻐하는, 기뻐하는. mechanician: 기계학자, 기계 조립공, 기사, 기계기사. soar: 높이 날기, 높이 올라가다, 폭등 하다, 부풀다, 치솟다, 일정한 높이를 활공하다, 활공의 고도, 활공의 범위, 솟구치다, 높이 치솟다, 날기.

spear: 창, 싹, 싹이 트다, 어린 가지, 창처럼 꽂히다, 창병, 작살, 싹트다, 창으로 찌르다. stump: 유세하다, 의족, 그루터기, 괴 롭히다, 뿌리, 의족으로 걷다, 곤경에 빠져, 꼬투리, 난처하게 하다, 도전하 다, 쿵쿵 걷다. submersion: 물속에 가라앉음, 침수, 침몰, 잠수. unblest: 축복받지 못한, 정화되지 않 은, 저주받은, 비참한.

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Stone by stone, month by month, the tower rose. Higher, higher; snail-like in pace, but torch or rocket in its pride.% After the masons would depart, the builder, standing alone upon its everascending summit, at close of every day, saw that he overtopped still higher walls and trees. He would tarry till a late hour there, wrapped in schemes of other and still loftier piles. Those who of saints’ days thronged the spot— hanging to the rude poles of scaffolding, like sailors on yards, or bees on boughs, unmindful of lime and dust, and falling chips of stone—their homage not the less inspirited him to self-esteem. At length the holiday of the Tower came. To the sound of viols, the climaxstone slowly rose in air, and, amid the firing of ordnance, was laid by Bannadonna’s hands upon the final course. Then mounting it, he stood erect, alone, with folded arms, gazing upon the white summits of blue inland Alps, and whiter crests of bluer Alps off-shore—sights invisible from the plain. Invisible, too, from thence was that eye he turned below, when, like the cannon booms, came up to him the people’s combustions of applause. That which stirred them so was, seeing with what serenity the builder stood three hundred feet in air, upon an unrailed perch. This none but he durst do. But his periodic standing upon the pile, in each stage of its growth—such discipline had its last result. Little remained now but the bells. These, in all respects, must correspond with their receptacle. The minor ones were prosperously cast. A highly enriched one followed, of a singular make, intended for suspension in a manner before unknown. The purpose of this bell, its rotary motion, and connection with the clock-work, also executed at the time, will, in the sequel, receive mention. In the one erection, bell-tower and clock-tower were united, though, before that period, such structures had commonly been built distinct; as the Campanile and Torre del ‘Orologio of St. Mark to this day attest.

Korean applause: 찬성, 박수갈채, 칭찬, 박수 갈채. erect: 건립하다, 꼿꼿이 세우다, 꼿꼿 이선, 똑바로 선, 세우다, 승격시키다, 서다, 조립하다, 직립시키다, 창설하 다, 곤두서서. erection: 발기, 직립, 설립, 건립, 건물, 건설, 조립, 건설물. homage: 존경, 복종, 신종의 예, 경의. laid: 집에 틀어박힌, 몸져 누워 있는. ordnance: 병기, 포, 군수품, 군수품부.

periodic: 주기적인, 도미문의, 정기 간 행의, 시대의, 도미문, 간헐적인, 단속 적인, 주기 운동을 하는. piles: 치질, 말뚝. prosperously: 유복하게, 순조롭게, 번 영하여. receptacle: 저장소, 용기, 소켓, 그릇, 콘센트, 꽃턱, 피난소, 두는 곳, 꽃받 침. rotary: 회전하는, 회전식의, 환상 교차 점, 환상교차로, 환상의, 회전 변륜기,

선회하는, 윤전기, 로터리클럽, 로터 리, 도는. scaffolding: 비계, 가설, 설명난에 적 었습니다, 발판 재료, 인위적 이론, 발 판. self-esteem: 자존, 자 부심, 자존심. serenity: 화창함, 청명, 침착, 고요, 평 온, 맑음, 전하. tarry: 늦어지다, 기다리다, 타르의, 망 설이다, 타르로 더럽혀진, 타르를 칠 한, 머무르다, 체재, 체재하다.

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But it was upon the great state-bell that the founder lavished his more daring skill. In vain did some of the less elated magistrates here caution him; saying that though truly the tower was Titanic, yet limit should be set to the dependent weight of its swaying masses. But undeterred, he prepared his mammoth mould, dented with mythological devices; kindled his fires of balsamic firs; melted his tin and copper, and, throwing in much plate, contributed by the public spirit of the nobles, let loose the tide.% The unleashed metals bayed like hounds. The workmen shrunk. Through their fright, fatal harm to the bell was dreaded. Fearless as Shadrach, Bannadonna, rushing through the glow, smote the chief culprit with his ponderous ladle. From the smitten part, a splinter was dashed into the seething mass, and at once was melted in. Next day a portion of the work was heedfully uncovered. All seemed right. Upon the third morning, with equal satisfaction, it was bared still lower. At length, like some old Theban king, the whole cooled casting was disinterred. All was fair except in one strange spot. But as he suffered no one to attend him in these inspections, he concealed the blemish by some preparation which none knew better to devise. The casting of such a mass was deemed no small triumph for the caster; one, too, in which the state might not scorn to share. The homicide was overlooked. By the charitable that deed was but imputed to sudden transports of esthetic passion, not to any flagitious quality. A kick from an Arabian charger; not sign of vice, but blood. His felony remitted by the judge, absolution given him by the priest, what more could even a sickly conscience have desired. Honoring the tower and its builder with another holiday, the republic witnessed the hoisting of the bells and clock-work amid shows and pomps superior to the former. Some months of more than usual solitude on Bannadonna’s part ensued. It was not unknown that he was engaged upon something for the belfry, intended to complete it, and surpass all that had gone before. Most people imagined that

Korean absolution: 책임 해제, 면죄, 면제, 사 면. balsamic: 방향성의, 진통의, 발삼 같 은, 진통제. belfry: 종루. caster: 던지는 사람, 주조자, 주물공, 양념병대, 양념병, 배역계 담당, 다리 바퀴, 계산자, 다리 바퀴. charger: 충전기, 군마, 승마, 돌격자, 큰 접시, 장전기, 장약기, 용광로에 광 석을 넣는 사람, 책임하는 것, 책임하

는 사람, 장교용 승마. esthetic: 심미의, 미학의, 미의. felony: 중죄. flagitious: 극악 무도한, 파렴치한, 흉 악한, 악명높은, 무법한, 극악무도한. heedfully: 주의 깊게. homicide: 살인, 살인자. ladle: 국자, 국자로 푸다, 나누어 주다, 차별 없이 나누어 주다. mythological: 신화의, 가공의, 신화학 의, 신화상의.

seething: 격렬한, 혹독한, 펄펄 끓는, 용솟음치는, 심한, 속이 끓어 오르는, 비등하는소용돌이치는, 동요하는, 들 끓는. smitten: 깊이 감동된, 세게 맞은. splinter: 쪼개다, 파편, 분리된, 찢다, 지저깨비, 깎이다, 가시, 부서진 조각, 쪼개지다, 쪼개진 조각, 분열하다. surpass: 보다낫다, 보다 낫다. unleashed: 쉽게 풀어 쓴, 알기 쉬운, 자유롭게 사용가능한.

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the design would involve a casting like the bells. But those who thought they had some further insight, would shake their heads, with hints, that not for nothing did the mechanician keep so secret. Meantime, his seclusion failed not to invest his work with more or less of that sort of mystery pertaining to the forbidden.% Ere long he had a heavy object hoisted to the belfry, wrapped in a dark sack or cloak—a procedure sometimes had in the case of an elaborate piece of sculpture, or statue, which, being intended to grace the front of a new edifice, the architect does not desire exposed to critical eyes, till set up, finished, in its appointed place. Such was the impression now. But, as the object rose, a statuary present observed, or thought he did, that it was not entirely rigid, but was, in a manner, pliant. At last, when the hidden thing had attained its final height, and, obscurely seen from below, seemed almost of itself to step into the belfry, as if with little assistance from the crane, a shrewd old blacksmith present ventured the suspicion that it was but a living man. This surmise was thought a foolish one, while the general interest failed not to augment. Not without demur from Bannadonna, the chief-magistrate of the town, with an associate—both elderly men—followed what seemed the image up the tower. But, arrived at the belfry, they had little recompense. Plausibly entrenching himself behind the conceded mysteries of his art, the mechanician withheld present explanation. The magistrates glanced toward the cloaked object, which, to their surprise, seemed now to have changed its attitude, or else had before been more perplexingly concealed by the violent muffling action of the wind without. It seemed now seated upon some sort of frame, or chair, contained within the domino. They observed that nigh the top, in a sort of square, the web of the cloth, either from accident or design, had its warp partly withdrawn, and the cross threads plucked out here and there, so as to form a sort of woven grating. Whether it were the low wind or no, stealing through the stone latticework, or only their own perturbed imaginations, is uncertain, but they thought they discerned a slight sort of fitful, spring-like motion, in the domino. Nothing, however incidental or insignificant, escaped their uneasy eyes. Among other things, they pried out, in a corner, an earthen cup, partly corroded and partly

Korean augment: 증대하다, 증가하다, 늘리다, 늘다, 접두 모음자, 접두 모음자를 붙 이다, 증가시키다. blacksmith: 대장장이, 대장장이의. contained: 억제하는, 조심스러운. crane: 기중기, 학, 사이펀, 목을 길게 빼다, 기중기로 달아올리다, 크레인, 쑥 내밀다, 뱃전의 팔 모양의 기중기, 왜가리, 자재갈고리, 주저하다. demur: 이의를 말하다, 항변하다, 반 대하다, 이의.

domino: 도미노패, 후드가 붙은 겉옷, 도미노 놀이, 후드가붙은겉옷, 무도회 용가면, 무도회용 가면, 도미노놀이, 각설탕, 도미노 가장복, 도미노 패, 하 나가 쓰리지면 연달아 쓰러지는 것. earthen: 흙의, 흙으로 만든, 오지로 만 든, 흙으로만든, 오지로만든. edifice: 건물, 체계, 조직, 구성물. fitful: 발작적인, 단속적인, 변덕이 심 한, 변하기 쉬운, 일정치 않은. plausibly: 그럴 듯하게, 정말 같게.

pliant: 휘기 쉬운. recompense: 보답, 갚다, 보상, 보수, 보상하다, 보답하다, 배상, 에게 보답 하다. seclusion: 격리, 은퇴, 은둔. shrewd: 빈틈없는, 기민한, 모진, 심한, 약빠른, 날카로운, 짓궂은, 얘민한, 영 리해 보이는. statuary: 조상, 조상가, 조상술, 조소술 , 조소의, 조각가. statue: 조상, 상, 초상.

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encrusted, and one whispered to the other, that this cup was just such a one as might, in mockery, be offered to the lips of some brazen statue, or, perhaps, still worse.% But, being questioned, the mechanician said, that the cup was simply used in his founder’s business, and described the purpose; in short, a cup to test the condition of metals in fusion. He added, that it had got into the belfry by the merest chance. Again, and again, they gazed at the domino, as at some suspicious incognito at a Venetian mask. All sorts of vague apprehensions stirred them. They even dreaded lest, when they should descend, the mechanician, though without a flesh and blood companion, for all that, would not be left alone. Affecting some merriment at their disquietude, he begged to relieve them, by extending a coarse sheet of workman’s canvas between them and the object. Meantime he sought to interest them in his other work; nor, now that the domino was out of sight, did they long remain insensible to the artistic wonders lying round them; wonders hitherto beheld but in their unfinished state; because, since hoisting the bells, none but the caster had entered within the belfry. It was one trait of his, that, even in details, he would not let another do what he could, without too great loss of time, accomplish for himself. So, for several preceding weeks, whatever hours were unemployed in his secret design, had been devoted to elaborating the figures on the bells. The clock-bell, in particular, now drew attention. Under a patient chisel, the latent beauty of its enrichments, before obscured by the cloudings incident to casting, that beauty in its shyest grace, was now revealed. Round and round the bell, twelve figures of gay girls, garlanded, hand-in-hand, danced in a choral ring—the embodied hours. “Bannadonna,” said the chief, “this bell excels all else. No added touch could here improve. Hark!” hearing a sound, “was that the wind?” “The wind, Excellenza,” was the light response. “But the figures, they are not yet without their faults. They need some touches yet. When those are given, and

Korean accomplish: 숙달한, 완수하다, 가르치 내는, 성가대의, 성가, 합창대, 합창곡 다, 달성하다, 성취하다, 완성한, 소양 의, 합창, 합창 성가. 이있는, 소양이 있는, 이루다, 에게 가 coarse: 야비한, 조잡한, 결이 거친, 조 르치다. 제의, 하치의, 천한, 상스러운, 추잡한 brazen: 뻔뻔스러운, 놋쇠처럼 단단한, , 눈, 굵은, 거친. 시끄러운, 뻔뻔스럽게하다, 놋쇠빛의, descend: 내려가다, 타락하다, 내리다, 놋쇠로만든, 놋쇠로 만든, 단단한. 급승하다, 전해지다, 축소하다, 지평 chisel: 조각술, 끌, 조각칼, 속이다, 끌 선 쪽으로 움직이다, 습격하다, 내리 을 쓰다, 끌로파다, 조각하다, 조각칼 받이가 되다, 남 쪽으로 움직이다, 계 로 파다, 정, 잔꾀, 사취하다. 통을 잇다. choral: 합창의, 합창대의, 일제히 소리 disquietude: 불안한 상태, 동요, 걱정,

불온, 불안. embodied: 형태를 부여하는, 구체화하 는, 포함하는, 합체시키는. incognito: 가명, 익명, 암행, 익명자, 변명의, 신분을 숨기고, 미행자, 익명 의가명의암행의, 가명으로, 가명자. latent: 숨어 있는, 숨은, 보이지 않는, 잠복성. unfinished: 미완성의, 완전히 마무리 되지 않은, 미완성인, 비육 불충분한, 마무리가 덜 된, 다듬지 않은.

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the—block yonder,” pointing towards the canvas screen, “when Haman there, as I merrily call him,—him? It, I mean—when Haman is fixed on this, his lofty tree, then, gentlemen, will I be most happy to receive you here again.” The equivocal reference to the object caused some return of restlessness. However, on their part, the visitors forbore further allusion to it, unwilling, perhaps, to let the foundling see how easily it lay within his plebeian art to stir the placid dignity of nobles.% “Well, Bannadonna,” said the chief, “how long ere you are ready to set the clock going, so that the hour shall be sounded? Our interest in you, not less than in the work itself, makes us anxious to be assured of your success. The people, too,—why, they are shouting now. Say the exact hour when you will be ready.” “To-morrow, Excellenza, if you listen for it,—or should you not, all the same—strange music will be heard. The stroke of one shall be the first from yonder bell,” pointing to the bell adorned with girls and garlands, “that stroke shall fall there, where the hand of Una clasps Dua’s. The stroke of one shall sever that loved clasp. To-morrow, then, at one o’clock, as struck here, precisely here,” advancing and placing his finger upon the clasp, “the poor mechanic will be most happy once more to give you liege audience, in this his littered shop. Farewell till then, illustrious magnificoes, and hark ye for your vassal’s stroke.” His still, Vulcanic face hiding its burning brightness like a forge, he moved with ostentatious deference towards the scuttle, as if so far to escort their exit. But the junior magistrate, a kind-hearted man, troubled at what seemed to him a certain sardonical disdain, lurking beneath the foundling’s humble mien, and in Christian sympathy more distressed at it on his account than on his own, dimly surmising what might be the final fate of such a cynic solitaire, nor perhaps uninfluenced by the general strangeness of surrounding things, this good magistrate had glanced sadly, sideways from the speaker, and thereupon his foreboding eye had started at the expression of the unchanging face of the Hour Una. “How is this, Bannadonna?” he lowly asked, “Una looks unlike her sisters.”

Korean brightness: 환함, 머리가 좋음, 빛남. cynic: 비꼬는, 비꼬는 사람, 견유학파 의 사람, 빈정거리는, 빈정대는 사람, 견유학파적인, 견유학파의, 견유학파, 냉소자, 시닉학파. deference: 복종, 경의. escort: 호위자, 호위하다, 호위, 호송, 호송하다, 남성 동반자, 호위대, 경호 하다, 동행하다. liege: 군주, 신하인, 신하, 충성스러운, 군주인, 가신.

mechanic: 직공, 기계공, 직공의, 기계 가르다, 끊다, 떼어놓다, 자르다, 끊어 적인, 기계역학의, 기계상의, 기계학 지다. 의, 기계의. solitaire: 혼자 하는 카드놀이, 한개 박 ostentatious: 허세부리는, 겉꾸미는, 은 보석, 외알 보석을 박은 귀고리, 혼 화려한. 자 하는 카아드 놀이, 혼자 하는 여러 placid: 평온한, 침착한, 온화한. 가지 놀이, 한 알박이 보석, 인용의, scuttle: 작은 창, 석탄 그릇, 포기하다, 외 알박이 보석, 일인용의. 줄행랑, 급한 걸음, 구멍을 내어 침몰 strangeness: 이상함, 소립자상태를 규 시키다, 바쁜 걸음, 폐기하다, 천창, 정하는 입자고유의 양자수, 기묘. 승강구의 뚜껑, 스커틀. unchanging: 불변의, 변하지 않는, 항 sever: 떨어지다, 절단하다, 단절하다, 상 일정한.

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“In Christ’s name, Bannadonna,” impulsively broke in the chief, his attention, for the first attracted to the figure, by his associate’s remark, “Una’s face looks just like that of Deborah, the prophetess, as painted by the Florentine, Del Fonca.” “Surely, Bannadonna,” lowly resumed the milder magistrate, “you meant the twelve should wear the same jocundly abandoned air. But see, the smile of Una seems but a fatal one. ‘Tis different.” While his mild associate was speaking, the chief glanced, inquiringly, from him to the caster, as if anxious to mark how the discrepancy would be accounted for. As the chief stood, his advanced foot was on the scuttle’s curb.% Bannadonna spoke: “Excellenza, now that, following your keener eye, I glance upon the face of Una, I do, indeed perceive some little variance. But look all round the bell, and you will find no two faces entirely correspond. Because there is a law in art—but the cold wind is rising more; these lattices are but a poor defense. Suffer me, magnificoes, to conduct you, at least, partly on your way. Those in whose wellbeing there is a public stake, should be heedfully attended.” “Touching the look of Una, you were saying, Bannadonna, that there was a certain law in art,” observed the chief, as the three now descended the stone shaft, “pray, tell me, then—.” “Pardon; another time, Excellenza;—the tower is damp.” “Nay, I must rest, and hear it now. Here,—here is a wide landing, and through this leeward slit, no wind, but ample light. Tell us of your law; and at large.” “Since, Excellenza, you insist, know that there is a law in art, which bars the possibility of duplicates. Some years ago, you may remember, I graved a small seal for your republic, bearing, for its chief device, the head of your own ancestor, its illustrious founder. It becoming necessary, for the customs’ use, to have innumerable impressions for bales and boxes, I graved an entire plate, containing one hundred of the seals. Now, though, indeed, my object was to

Korean ample: 넓은, 충분한, 광대한, 풍부한. ancestor: 조상, 선주, 원형, 선조, 피상 속인. correspond: 일치하다, 교신하다, 에 상당하다, 조화하다, 교환하다, 부합 하다, 왕래하다, 상당하다, 서신 왕래 하다, 에 대응하다, 에 해당하다. discrepancy: 모순, 불일치, 어긋남, 상 위. jocundly: 즐겁게, 명랑하게. leeward: 바람이 불어가는 쪽, 바람 불

어가는 쪽의, 바람 불어가는 쪽에, 바 축대, 창자루, 광선, 배기 구멍, 화살 람 불어가는 쪽으로, 바람 불어가는 대, 축. 쪽. slit: 틈, 길게 벤자리, 긴 구멍, 긴 짬, magistrate: 치안 판사, 행정 장관, 사 길다랗게 베인 상처, 째어 발기다, 가 법권이 있는 행정장관, 치안판사, 행 느다랗게 찢다, 가느다랗게 찢어지다, 정장관. 가느다랗게 쪼개다, 가느다랗게 째다, prophetess: 여자 예언자. 가느다랗게 베어지다. seal: 도장, 봉인, 인장, 날인하다, 바다 variance: 변화, 상위, 불화, 변동, 불일 표범 사냥을 하다, 인, 바다표범, 입막 치, 다툼, 이간하다, 와 틀려, 평방 편 음, 확증, 보증, 그 털가죽. 차, 소장과 진술과의 상위. shaft: 샤프트, 수갱, 통로, 화살, 굴대, well-being: 안녕, 평안, 복리.

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have%those hundred heads identical, and though, I dare say, people think them; so, yet, upon closely scanning an uncut impression from the plate, no two of those five-score faces, side by side, will be found alike. Gravity is the air of all; but, diversified in all. In some, benevolent; in some, ambiguous; in two or three, to a close scrutiny, all but incipiently malign, the variation of less than a hair’s breadth in the linear shadings round the mouth sufficing to all this. Now, Excellenza, transmute that general gravity into joyousness, and subject it to twelve of those variations I have described, and tell me, will you not have my hours here, and Una one of them? But I like—.” Hark! is that—a footfall above? “Mortar, Excellenza; sometimes it drops to the belfry-floor from the arch where the stonework was left undressed. I must have it seen to. As I was about to say: for one, I like this law forbidding duplicates. It evokes fine personalities. Yes, Excellenza, that strange, and—to you—uncertain smile, and those forelooking eyes of Una, suit Bannadonna very well.” “Hark!—sure we left no soul above?” “No soul, Excellenza; rest assured, no soul—Again the mortar.” “It fell not while we were there.” “Ah, in your presence, it better knew its place, Excellenza,” blandly bowed Bannadonna. “But, Una,” said the milder magistrate, “she seemed intently gazing on you; one would have almost sworn that she picked you out from among us three.” “If she did, possibly, it might have been her finer apprehension, Excellenza.” “How, Bannadonna? I do not understand you.” “No consequence, no consequence, Excellenza—but the shifted wind is blowing through the slit. Suffer me to escort you on; and then, pardon, but the toiler must to his tools.” “It may be foolish, Signor,” said the milder magistrate, as, from the third landing, the two now went down unescorted, “but, somehow, our great

Korean arch: 아치, 홍예를 틀다, 홍예, 호, 아 치문, 익살스런, 활모양으로 굽히다, 주된, 장난스런, 궁형-활모양으로 굽 히다, 교활한. breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이, 넓 음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로 재 는 물건, 관용, 너비. diversified: 다각적인, 변화가 많은, 다양한, 변화많은, 여러 가지의, 다채 로운. incipiently: 처음으로, 최초로.

linear: 선의, 실 모양의, 일차의. 금 노동자. mortar: 모르타르, 박격포, 회반죽-모 transmute: 변화 시키다, 변화시키다, 르타르로 굳히다, 막자 사발, 유발, 절 변하게 하다. 구, 철확, 회반죽 -에 모르타르를 바 uncut: 자르지 않은, 도련되지 않은, 삭 르다, 에 모르타르를 바르다, 구포. 제된 데가 없는, 잡물이 않 섞인, 커트 scanning: 주사, 스캐닝, 정사, 운율분 하지 않은, 도련하지 않은, 깎지 않은, 석, 정사하는. 갈지 않은, 삭제하지 않은. stonework: 석조물, 돌세공, 석조 부분 undressed: 옷을 벗은, 잠옷 바람의, , 돌로 만든 물건. 발가벗은, 붕대 감지 않은, 소스를 치 sworn: 맹세한, 선서한. 지 않은, 요리하지 않은, 손질하지 않 toiler: 고생하는 사람, 임금노동자, 임 은, 무두질하지 않은, 약장의.

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mechanician moves me strangely. Why, just now, when he so superciliously replied, his walk seemed Sisera’s, God’s vain foe, in Del Fonca’s painting. And that young, sculptured Deborah, too. Ay, and that—.” “Tush, tush, Signor!” returned the chief. “A passing whim. Deborah?— Where’s Jael, pray?” “Ah,” said the other, as they now stepped upon the sod, “Ah, Signor, I see you leave your fears behind you with the chill and gloom; but mine, even in this sunny air, remain, Hark!” It was a sound from just within the tower door, whence they had emerged. Turning, they saw it closed.% “He has slipped down and barred us out,” smiled the chief; “but it is his custom.” Proclamation was now made, that the next day, at one hour after meridian, the clock would strike, and—thanks to the mechanician’s powerful art—with unusual accompaniments. But what those should be, none as yet could say. The announcement was received with cheers. By the looser sort, who encamped about the tower all night, lights were seen gleaming through the topmost blind-work, only disappearing with the morning sun. Strange sounds, too, were heard, or were thought to be, by those whom anxious watching might not have left mentally undisturbed—sounds, not only of some ringing implement, but also—so they said—half-suppressed screams and plainings, such as might have issued from some ghostly engine, overplied. Slowly the day drew on; part of the concourse chasing the weary time with songs and games, till, at last, the great blurred sun rolled, like a football, against the plain. At noon, the nobility and principal citizens came from the town in cavalcade, a guard of soldiers, also, with music, the more to honor the occasion. Only one hour more. Impatience grew. Watches were held in hands of feverish men, who stood, now scrutinizing their small dial-plates, and then, with neck thrown back, gazing toward the belfry, as if the eye might foretell that

Korean barred: 모래톱이 있는, 빗장이 있는, 줄 있는, 줄무늬가 있는, 가두어 버린, 빗장이 달린, 줄이 있는. cavalcade: 기마대, 퍼레이드, 기마행 렬, 별의 운행, 화려한 행렬, 자동차행 진, 사건의 진전. chill: 오한, 냉기, 차가운, 한기, 춥게 하다, 냉담한, 냉장하다, 냉랭한, 풀죽 음, 추위에 떨고 있는, 냉담. concourse: 집합, 경마장, 군중, 경기장 , 군집, 합류, 큰 길, 중앙광장, 중앙홀

, 중앙 광장. foretell: 예고하다, 예언하다, 예고 하 다, 예시 하다, 예언 하다. gloom: 어둠, 어두워지다, 암흑, 음울, 음울한 표정, 우울, 암영, 어두운 얼굴 을 하다, 침울, 어둑어둑해지다, 어둡 게 하다. nobility: 고귀한 태생, 귀족, 고결함, 남작, 백작, 숭고, 숭고함, 자작, 후작, 고상함, 귀족상원의원과 그집안. noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을 먹

다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮 휴식 을 취하다절정에 달하다, 정오에 하는 , 최고점. sod: 잔디, 뗏장, 잔디로 덮다, 저승에 서, 비역쟁이, 남색자, 잔디를 입히다, 놈, 뒈지다, 땅. superciliously: 거만하게, 남을 깔보아 . tush: 체, 상류의, 송곳니, 체하다, 치, 치하다, 피부가 황갈색의 흑인, 호전 적인.

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which could only be made sensible to the ear; for, as yet, there was no dial to the tower-clock.% The hour hands of a thousand watches now verged within a hair’s breadth of the figure 1. A silence, as of the expectation of some Shiloh, pervaded the swarming plain. Suddenly a dull, mangled sound—naught ringing in it; scarcely audible, indeed, to the outer circles of the people—that dull sound dropped heavily from the belfry. At the same moment, each man stared at his neighbor blankly. All watches were upheld. All hour-hands were at—had passed—the figure 1. No bell-stroke from the tower. The multitude became tumultuous. Waiting a few moments, the chief magistrate, commanding silence, hailed the belfry, to know what thing unforeseen had happened there. No response. He hailed again and yet again. All continued hushed. By his order, the soldiers burst in the tower-door; when, stationing guards to defend it from the now surging mob, the chief, accompanied by his former associate, climbed the winding stairs. Half-way up, they stopped to listen. No sound. Mounting faster, they reached the belfry; but, at the threshold, started at the spectacle disclosed. A spaniel, which, unbeknown to them, had followed them thus far, stood shivering as before some unknown monster in a brake: or, rather, as if it snuffed footsteps leading to some other world. Bannadonna lay, prostrate and bleeding, at the base of the bell which was adorned with girls and garlands. He lay at the feet of the hour Una; his head coinciding, in a vertical line, with her left hand, clasped by the hour Dua. With downcast face impending over him, like Jael over nailed Sisera in the tent, was the domino; now no more becloaked. It had limbs, and seemed clad in a scaly mail, lustrous as a dragon-beetle’s. It was manacled, and its clubbed arms were uplifted, as if, with its manacles, once more to smite its already smitten victim. One advanced foot of it was inserted beneath the dead body, as if in the act of spurning it.

Korean audible: 들리는, 들을 수 있는. brake: 브레이크, 수풀, 덤불, 고사리, 브레이크를 걸다, 양치의 무리, 두들 겨 섬유를 뽑다, 타마기, 숲, 옛 고문 도구의 일종, 방지. clad: 장비한, 입은, 다른 금속을 입히 다, 덮인, 클래딩하다. clubbed: 곤봉 모양의, 손가락 끝이 굵 은, 곤봉모양의. dial: 다이얼, 전화를 걸다, 문자반, 다 이얼을 도리다, 지침반-다이얼을 도

리다, 지침반, 낯, 다이얼로 계량하다, 다이얼로 표시하다, 다이얼을 돌리다, 파장에 맞추다. hushed: 고요한, 조용해진. inserted: 부착된, 끼워넣은, 착생한. mounting: 포가, 설치, 마구, 박제, 장 비, 총가, 대포 따위의 설치. scaly: 비늘이 있는, 비늘 모양의, 인색 한, 물때가 낀, 천한, 벗겨져 떨어지는 . smite: 괴롭히다, 치밀다, 죽이다, 매혹

하다, 덮치다, 때리다, 강타하다, 시도 , 강타, 때림, 세게 때리다. spaniel: 비굴한 알랑쇠, 스패니엘. tumultuous: 떠들썩한, 혼란한, 흥분 한, 동요한. uplifted: 높여진, 향상된, 사기왕성한, 자랑스러운. winding: 구부러짐, 굴곡하는, 굴곡, 감아 올림, 감아 들임, 둘러 말하는, 감은 것, 부정한 행동, 우여 곡절, 감 음, 감는 법.

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Uncertainty falls on what now followed.% It were but natural to suppose that the magistrates would, at first, shrink from immediate personal contact with what they saw. At the least, for a time, they would stand in involuntary doubt; it may be, in more or less of horrified alarm. Certain it is, that an arquebuss was called for from below. And some add, that its report, followed by a fierce whiz, as of the sudden snapping of a mainspring, with a steely din, as if a stack of sword-blades should be dashed upon a pavement, these blended sounds came ringing to the plain, attracting every eye far upward to the belfry, whence, through the lattice-work, thin wreaths of smoke were curling. Some averred that it was the spaniel, gone mad by fear, which was shot. This, others denied. True it was, the spaniel never more was seen; and, probably, for some unknown reason, it shared the burial now to be related of the domino. For, whatever the preceding circumstances may have been, the first instinctive panic over, or else all ground of reasonable fear removed, the two magistrates, by themselves, quickly rehooded the figure in the dropped cloak wherein it had been hoisted. The same night, it was secretly lowered to the ground, smuggled to the beach, pulled far out to sea, and sunk. Nor to any after urgency, even in free convivial hours, would the twain ever disclose the full secrets of the belfry. From the mystery unavoidably investing it, the popular solution of the foundling’s fate involved more or less of supernatural agency. But some few less unscientific minds pretended to find little difficulty in otherwise accounting for it. In the chain of circumstantial inferences drawn, there may, or may not, have been some absent or defective links. But, as the explanation in question is the only one which tradition has explicitly preserved, in dearth of better, it will here be given. But, in the first place, it is requisite to present the supposition entertained as to the entire motive and mode, with their origin, of the secret design of Bannadonna; the minds above-mentioned assuming to penetrate as well into his soul as into the event. The disclosure will indirectly involve reference to peculiar matters, none of, the clearest, beyond the immediate subject.

Korean circumstantial: 상세한, 우연한, 정황 적인, 처지상의, 부수적인, 생활상태 의, 정황에 의한, 형편에 따른, 추정상 의. convivial: 연회의, 연회를 좋아하는, 연회를 좋아하는 사람, 쾌활한, 명랑 한. curling: 컬링, 말리기 쉬운, 말림, 위축 , 머리 지지는데 쓰이는, 말려 올라감, 말아 지지기. dearth: 부족, 기근, 결핍.

disclosure: 폭로, 노출, 발포. horrified: 겁에 질린, 충격 받은, 공포 를 나타내는. instinctive: 본능적인, 천성의, 직관적 인. penetrate: 간파하다, 통과하다, 관통하 다, 꿰뚫다, 지나가다, 강한 인상을 주 다, 깊이 감동시키다, 꿰둘다, 둘고보 다, 스며들다, 통찰하다. shrink: 뒷걸음질, 정신과 의사, 뒷걸 음질 치다, 움츠리다, 추측, 줄어들다,

줄어들게 하다, 방축 가공하다, 수축, 오그라들다, 움츠러지다. steely: 무정한, 강철로 만든, 단단한, 강철같이, 강철의, 견고한. supernatural: 초자연의, 불가사의한, 초자연적인 힘, 신의 조화. unavoidably: 어쩔 수 없이, 피할 수 없이. unscientific: 비과학적인. whiz: 훌륭한 것, 숙련가, 명인, 전문가 , 윙윙하다, 수완가, 재줏군, 그 소리.

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At that period, no large bell was made to sound otherwise than as at present, by agitation of a tongue within, by means of ropes, or percussion from without, either from cumbrous machinery, or stalwart watchmen, armed with heavy hammers, stationed in the belfry, or in sentry-boxes on the open roof, according as the bell was sheltered or exposed.% It was from observing these exposed bells, with their watchmen, that the foundling, as was opined, derived the first suggestion of his scheme. Perched on a great mast or spire, the human figure, viewed from below, undergoes such a reduction in its apparent size, as to obliterate its intelligent features. It evinces no personality. Instead of bespeaking volition, its gestures rather resemble the automatic ones of the arms of a telegraph. Musing, therefore, upon the purely Punchinello aspect of the human figure thus beheld, it had indirectly occurred to Bannadonna to devise some metallic agent, which should strike the hour with its mechanic hand, with even greater precision than the vital one. And, moreover, as the vital watchman on the roof, sallying from his retreat at the given periods, walked to the bell with uplifted mace, to smite it, Bannadonna had resolved that his invention should likewise possess the power of locomotion, and, along with that, the appearance, at least, of intelligence and will. If the conjectures of those who claimed acquaintance with the intent of Bannadonna be thus far correct, no unenterprising spirit could have been his. But they stopped not here; intimating that though, indeed, his design had, in the first place, been prompted by the sight of the watchman, and confined to the devising of a subtle substitute for him: yet, as is not seldom the case with projectors, by insensible gradations, proceeding from comparatively pigmy aims to Titanic ones, the original scheme had, in its anticipated eventualities, at last, attained to an unheard of degree of daring. He still bent his efforts upon the locomotive figure for the belfry, but only as a partial type of an ulterior creature, a sort of elephantine Helot, adapted to further, in a degree scarcely to be imagined, the universal conveniences and glories of humanity; supplying nothing less than a supplement to the Six Days’

Korean conveniences: 의식주의 편리. 구봉, 메이스, 끝이 납작한 공을 치는 daring: 겁이 없는, 대담무쌍한, 대담 막대, 메이스로 공격하다, 철퇴의 일 한, 모험적인 기상, 모험적인 용기. 종. elephantine: 코끼리의, 거대한, 느린, mast: 돛대, 마스트, 도토리, 평수부로 볼품없는. 서, 기둥, 돛대를 세우다, 떡갈나무 따 gradations: 순서. 위의 열매, 너도밤나무 따위의 열매, locomotion: 운동, 운동력, 여행, 이동 모양의 기둥, 밤나무 따위의 열매. 력, 이동. musing: 생각에 잠긴. mace: 권표, 최루 신경 가스, 갈고리 percussion: 충격, 진동, 타악기의 연주 철퇴, 육두구 껍질을 말린 향료, 지대 , 타악기부, 타진, 타진법, 두드려서 지 핵 유도탄, 불능 화학제, 직장 당 연주하기, 격발장치, 격발.

spire: 가는 줄기, 싹트다, 뾰족탑, 쑥 내밀다, 소용돌이, 절정, 첨탑을 달다, 가는 잎, 끝이 가늘고 뾰족한 것, 나탑 , 돌출하다. stalwart: 충실한, 튼튼한, 용감한, 키가 크고 늠름한 사람, 매우 충실한 사람, 매우 충실한, 키가 크고 늠름한. volition: 의지, 결의, 의욕, 의지력, 선 택, 의지의 작용, 의지 작용. watchman: 야경, 야경꾼, 야경꾼의, 야경의.

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Work; stocking the earth with a new serf, more useful than the ox, swifter than the dolphin, stronger than the lion, more cunning than the ape, for industry an ant, more fiery than serpents, and yet, in patience, another ass. All excellences of all God-made creatures, which served man, were here to receive advancement, and then to be combined in one. Talus was to have been the all-accomplished Helot’s name. Talus, iron slave to Bannadonna, and, through him, to man.% Here, it might well be thought that, were these last conjectures as to the foundling’s secrets not erroneous, then must he have been hopelessly infected with the craziest chimeras of his age; far outgoing Albert Magus and Cornelius Agrippa. But the contrary was averred. However marvelous his design, however apparently transcending not alone the bounds of human invention, but those of divine creation, yet the proposed means to be employed were alleged to have been confined within the sober forms of sober reason. It was affirmed that, to a degree of more than skeptic scorn, Bannadonna had been without sympathy for any of the vain-glorious irrationalities of his time. For example, he had not concluded, with the visionaries among the metaphysicians, that between the finer mechanic forces and the ruder animal vitality some germ of correspondence might prove discoverable. As little did his scheme partake of the enthusiasm of some natural philosophers, who hoped, by physiological and chemical inductions, to arrive at a knowledge of the source of life, and so qualify themselves to manufacture and improve upon it. Much less had he aught in common with the tribe of alchemists, who sought, by a species of incantations, to evoke some surprising vitality from the laboratory. Neither had he imagined, with certain sanguine theosophists, that, by faithful adoration of the Highest, unheard-of powers would be vouchsafed to man. A practical materialist, what Bannadonna had aimed at was to have been reached, not by logic, not by crucible, not by conjuration, not by altars; but by plain vice-bench and hammer. In short, to solve nature, to steal into her, to intrigue beyond her, to procure some one else to bind her to his hand;—these, one and all, had not been his objects; but, asking no favors from any element or any being, of himself, to rival her, outstrip her, and rule her. He stooped to conquer. With him, common sense

Korean adoration: 동경, 숭배, 애모, 경모, 숭 비. ape: 원숭이, 오랑우탄, 고릴라, 흉내내 다, 열광하다, 절정, 흉내내는 사람. conjuration: 주문, 마법, 요술, 주술, 기원, 탄원. conquer: 정복하다, 극복하다, 손아귀 에 넣다, 억누르다, 획득하다, 승리를 얻다, 타파하다, 공략하다, 이가다, 승 리를 얻다. crucible: 도가니, 가혹한 시련.

discoverable: 눈에 보이는, 발견할 수 있는. erroneous: 잘못된, 틀린. evoke: 환기하다, 불러일으키다, 이송 하다, 불러내다, 일깨우다. germ: 세균, 싹틈, 발아하다, 배종, 어 린싹, 병원균, 근원, 유아, 발아시키다 , 생겨나다, 싹이 트다. intrigue: 밀통, 음모, 음모를 꾸미다, 밀통하다, 의 호기심을 돋우다, 달성 하다, 의 흥미를 돋구다, 술책을 쓰다,

손에 넣다, 불의, 의 흥미를 돋우다. materialist: 유물론자, 유물론자의. outstrip: 앞지르다, 보다 빨리 가다, 능 가하다, 을 능가하다, 추월하다. ox: 수소, 소. serf: 농노, 혹사당하는 사람, 노예, 노 예 같은 사람, 농노의. skeptic: 회의론자, 무신론자, 의심 많 은 사람. talus: 거골, 복사뼈, 물매진면, 경사면, 경사 암석퇴, 경사, 애추, 사면, 물매.

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was theurgy; machinery, miracle; Prometheus, the heroic name for machinist; man, the true God.% Nevertheless, in his initial step, so far as the experimental automaton for the belfry was concerned, he allowed fancy some little play; or, perhaps, what seemed his fancifulness was but his utilitarian ambition collaterally extended. In figure, the creature for the belfry should not be likened after the human pattern, nor any animal one, nor after the ideals, however wild, of ancient fable, but equally in aspect as in organism be an original production; the more terrible to behold, the better. Such, then, were the suppositions as to the present scheme, and the reserved intent. How, at the very threshold, so unlooked for a catastrophe overturned all, or rather, what was the conjecture here, is now to be set forth. It was thought that on the day preceding the fatality, his visitors having left him, Bannadonna had unpacked the belfry image, adjusted it, and placed it in the retreat provided—a sort of sentry-box in one corner of the belfry; in short, throughout the night, and for some part of the ensuing morning, he had been engaged in arranging everything connected with the domino; the issuing from the sentry-box each sixty minutes; sliding along a grooved way, like a railway; advancing to the clock-bell, with uplifted manacles; striking it at one of the twelve junctions of the four-and-twenty hands; then wheeling, circling the bell, and retiring to its post, there to bide for another sixty minutes, when the same process was to be repeated; the bell, by a cunning mechanism, meantime turning on its vertical axis, so as to present, to the descending mace, the clasped hands of the next two figures, when it would strike two, three, and so on, to the end. The musical metal in this time-bell being so managed in the fusion, by some art, perishing with its originator, that each of the clasps of the four-and-twenty hands should give forth its own peculiar resonance when parted. But on the magic metal, the magic and metallic stranger never struck but that one stroke, drove but that one nail, served but that one clasp, by which Bannadonna clung to his ambitious life. For, after winding up the creature in the sentry-box, so that, for the present, skipping the intervening hours, it should not

Korean automaton: 기계적으로행동하는사람, 자동인형, 기계적으로 행동하는 사람, 기계적으로 행동하는 동물, 자동 장치 . bide: 살다, 기다리다, 멀물다, 참다, 때 를 기다리다. catastrophe: 대단원, 파국, 대이변, 대 실패, 파멸, 지각의 격변, 튼 재앙, 큰 재변, 대참사. circling: 빙글빙글돌기. fable: 전설, 우화, 신화, 거짓말하다,

우화를 이야기하다, 꾸며낸 이야기, 줄거리, 지어낸 이야기, 꾸며낸 이야 기를 하다, 꾸며내다, 꾸민 이야기. machinist: 기계공, 재봉공, 기관병조 장, 기계 제작공, 기계 운전자, 간부제 지지자, 기계운전자, 기관 준사관, 기 관 준사준위. originator: 창작자, 발기인, 창설자, 원 조, 창시자, 시조. perishing: 몹시, 지독하게, 추위 따위 혹독한, 죽는.

resonance: 공명, 반향, 공진, 울림, 동 조, 공명기. retiring: 은퇴하는, 수줍은, 퇴직의, 삼 가는, 내성적인, 수줍게, 물러나는, 내 향적인, 겸손한, 암띤, 퇴직자의. theurgy: 신이 이룩한 일, 기적, 마술, 마법. utilitarian: 공리적인, 공리주의의, 공 리주의자, 실용적인. wheeling: 윤전, 노면의 상태, 수레로 나르기, 자전거 타기.

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emerge till the hour of one, but should then infallibly emerge, and, after deftly oiling the grooves whereon it was to slide, it was surmised that the mechanician must then have hurried to the bell, to give his final touches to its sculpture. True artist, he here became absorbed; and absorption still further intensified, it may be, by his striving to abate that strange look of Una; which, though, before others, he had treated with such unconcern, might not, in secret, have been without its thorn.% And so, for the interval, he was oblivious of his creature; which, not oblivious of him, and true to its creation, and true to its heedful winding up, left its post precisely at the given moment; along its well-oiled route, slid noiselessly towards its mark; and, aiming at the hand of Una, to ring one clangorous note, dully smote the intervening brain of Bannadonna, turned backwards to it; the manacled arms then instantly up-springing to their hovering poise. The falling body clogged the thing’s return; so there it stood, still impending over Bannadonna, as if whispering some post-mortem terror. The chisel lay dropped from the hand, but beside the hand; the oil-flask spilled across the iron track. In his unhappy end, not unmindful of the rare genius of the mechanician, the republic decreed him a stately funeral. It was resolved that the great bell—the one whose casting had been jeopardized through the timidity of the ill-starred workman—should be rung upon the entrance of the bier into the cathedral. The most robust man of the country round was assigned the office of bell-ringer. But as the pall-bearers entered the cathedral porch, naught but a broken and disastrous sound, like that of some lone Alpine land-slide, fell from the tower upon their ears. And then, all was hushed. Glancing backwards, they saw the groined belfry crashed sideways in. It afterwards appeared that the powerful peasant, who had the bell-rope in charge, wishing to test at once the full glory of the bell, had swayed down upon the rope with one concentrate jerk. The mass of quaking metal, too ponderous for its frame, and strangely feeble somewhere at its top, loosed from its fastening, tore sideways down, and tumbling in one sheer fall, three hundred feet to the soft sward below, buried itself inverted and half out of sight.

Korean clangorous: 뗑그렁뗑그렁울리는, 울 리어 퍼지는. crashed: 만취한. deftly: 능란하게, 솜씨가 좋게. fastening: 죔, 잠그기, 닫음, 붙임, 잠 그는 도구, 잠금, 채우는기구, 고정시 키기. ill-starred: 액운을 타고난. infallibly: 오류가 없는, 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대 확실한. jerk: 바보, 휙 던지다, 갑자기 밀다, 홱

당기다, 포육으로 만들다, 포육, 경련, 쿡 찌르다, 꽉 비틀다, 내뱉듯이 말하 다, 멍청이. oiling: 유출 석유로 인한 오염. porch: 베란다, 현관, 옛날 아테네에서 제노가 제자들을 모아서 철학 강의를 한 복도. post-mortem: 사후의, 검시, 검시 해부 , 검시해부. quaking: 떨고있는, 전율하고 있는, 흔 들리는.

robust: 튼튼한, 건장한, 억센, 강건한, 조야한, 감칠맛 있는, 강한, 격심한, 정력적인, 튼튼하게 만든, 확고한. rung: 가로장, 가로대, 살, 단, 단계, 사 닥다리의 가로장, 바퀴의 살. sideways: 옆으로, 옆의, 비스듬히 옆 의, 비스듬한, 샛길. stately: 위엄 있는, 장엄한. unconcern: 무관심, 태연, 냉담, 무관 심의. well-oiled: 취한, 능률적인, 기름진.

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Upon its disinterment, the main fracture was found to have started from a small spot in the ear; which, being scraped, revealed a defect, deceptively minute in the casting; which defect must subsequently have been pasted over with some unknown compound.% The remolten metal soon reassumed its place in the tower’s repaired superstructure. For one year the metallic choir of birds sang musically in its belfry-bough-work of sculptured blinds and traceries. But on the first anniversary of the tower’s completion—at early dawn, before the concourse had surrounded it—an earthquake came; one loud crash was heard. The stone-pine, with all its bower of songsters, lay overthrown upon the plain. So the blind slave obeyed its blinder lord; but, in obedience, slew him. So the creator was killed by the creature. So the bell was too heavy for the tower. So the bell’s main weakness was where man’s blood had flawed it. And so pride went before the fall.

Korean anniversary: 기념일, 예년의, 축전, 기 념일의, 생일, 주년. blinder: 혼합물, 혼성어. choir: 성가대, 합창하다, 성가대석, 노 래하는 새떼, 합창단. crash: 추락, 실패하다, 파산하다, 충돌, 고장, 거친 아마포, 을 달리다, 와르르 부수다, 와르르 무너지다, 와르르, 숙 박하다. creator: 창조자, 조물주, 역 창조자, 하 느님, 창작자, 창설자, 신, 수작자, 고

안자, 천제. deceptively: 사기로, 거짓으로, 믿지 못하게. defect: 결점, 결함, 부족, 결손. disinterment: 발굴. earthquake: 지진, 대변동. fracture: 부수다, 골절, 금, 부숨, 부러 뜨리다, 골절하다, 갈라진 틈, 부서지 다, 갈라진틈, 크게 기쁘게 하다, 부서 짐. loud: 큰소리로, 화려한, 떠들썩한, 극

성스러운, 소리가 큰, 주제넘는, 불쾌 히, 좀 지나치게 화려한, 높은, 야비한 , 야하게. musically: 음악적으로, 음악상, 장단 맞추어. plain: 명백한, 평이한, 쉬운, 보통의, 솔직한, 소박한, 평탄한, 단순한, 예쁘 지 않은, 무늬없는, 평지. subsequently: 그후에, 다음에, 이어서 , 그 결과로서, 그후. superstructure: 상부 구조, 건축물.

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GLOSSARY abashment: 수치, 곤혹, 무안하게 하는 것 abate: 덜다, 내리다, 할인하다, 누구러지다, 누그러뜨리다, 누그러지다, 줄다 약해지다, 중지하다, 감소시키다, 배제하다 abbot: 수도원장, 대수도원장 aberration: 수차, 정신 이상, 바른 길을 벗어남, 변형, 정도에서 벗어남 abhorrent: 상반되는, 서로 용납 안 되는, 지겨운, 몹시 싫은, 아주 질색인 abide: 지탱하다, 살다, 머무르다, 기다리다, 참고 견디다, 지속하다, 머물다, 달게 받다, 규칙을 엄수하다, 각오하고 기다리다, 따르다 abiding: 영속적인, 오래 지속되는 abode: 체류, 주거, 거주, 주소 abominably: 몹시, 지독히, 가증스레 aboriginal: 토착민의, 원주민, 처음부터의, 원주의, 토착의 동식물, 토인, 최초부터, 원생의 abound: 이 많다, 많이 있다, 넘쳐흐른다, 그득하다 above-mentioned: 위에 말한, 이미 언급한 abridge: 간추리다, 적요하다, 단축하다, 줄이다, 요약하다 abrogation: 폐지, 폐기, 철폐 absenteeism: 장기 결석, 부재 지주 제도, 계획적 결근, 부재지주 제도, 장기 결근 absent-mindedness: 상심 absolution: 책임 해제, 면죄, 면제, 사면 absurdly: 불합리하게, 엉터리로 abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, 충분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 유복 accessory: 부속물, 종범의, 보조의, 악세사리, 종범자, 부속의, 종범, 보조적인 accidentally: 우연히, 뜻밖에, 뜻하지 않게, 우윤히 acclivity: 치받이

accompanying: 따르는, 동봉한, 동반중인, 수행중인 accomplish: 숙달한, 완수하다, 가르치다, 달성하다, 성취하다, 완성한, 소양이있는, 소양이 있는, 이루다, 에게 가르치다 accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난, 교양이 있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가 깊은, 기정의, 완료된, 완성된 accordance: 일치, 조화, 일치하여, 조화하여 according: 그러므로, 따라서, 나름으로, 에 따라, 에 의하여 accost: 인사, 말을 걸다. 말붙임, 말붙임, 말을 걸다, 말을걸다, 거지가 남에게 말을걸다, 가까이 가서 말을 걸다 accountable: 설명할 수 있는, 책임 있는, 책임이 있는, 해명할 수 있는 accumulate: 모으다, 쌓이다, 모이다, 쌓다 accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느 때와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에 익숙한 aching: 쑤시는, 아픈 acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식, 아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고 있음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인 acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는, 정통한, 친한 acquiescence: 묵낙, 동의, 묵종 acquiescent: 묵묵히 따르는, 묵인하는, 잠자코 동의하는 acrid: 매운, 신랄한, 쓴, 짓궂은, 톡 쏘는 스미는, 가흑한, 에이커되는, 토지의 acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함 additionally: 게다가, 그 위에, 추가적으로, 부수적으로, 보충으로 adieu: 이별, 안녕, 작별 인사 adjoining: 인접하는, 부근의, 인접한, 이웃의 adjourn: 휴회하다, 연기하다, 회를 휴지하다, 산회하다, 폐회하다, 회의장을 옮기다, 회의를 연기하다

adjunct: 부가물, 부가사, 부가어, 부가어구, 부속물 adjusting: 조절하는 admirable: 훌륭한, 좋다, 칭찬할 만한 admiral: 해군 대장, 제독, 해군 장성 사령관, 기함, 나비의 속칭, 상선 대장, 어선 대장 admonition: 훈계, 타이름, 충고, 경고, 훈방, 설유 admonitory: 권고하는, 설유하는, 훈계의, 경고하는 ado: 소동, 법석, 야단 법석 adoration: 동경, 숭배, 애모, 경모, 숭비 adrift: 표류하여, 떠돌아, 헤매어, 일정한 직업 없이, 어찌할 바를 몰라 adroit: 교묘한 adulterated: 불순한, 섞음질을 한, 순도가 법정 기준에 반지 않는 advancement: 승진, 전진, 선불, 진보, 발달, 발전, 진출, 출세, 촉진, 증진 advantageous: 유리한, 형편이 좋은 advent: 출현, 예수의 강림, 도래, 그리스도의 강림, 그리스도의 강생 adventurer: 모험가, 투기꾼, 모험가 누기가, 엉큼한 수단으로 지위나 돈을 노리는 사나이 adventurous: 모험적인, 모험을 즐기는, 모험을 좋아하는, 새로운 요소가 있는, 겁없는 adversity: 역경, 불행한 일, 불행 aerial: 공중의, 항공의, 공상적인, 공중에 치솟은, 희박한, 기체의, 공중에 생기는-아테나곡예사, 공중에 생기는-안테나곡예사, 공중에서 사는, 공중선, 공기의 afar: 멀리, 원방에서, 원방에 affability: 상냥함, 붙임성 있음, 사근사근한, 사근사근함, 상냥한, 정중한, 붙임성 있는 affectionate: 깊이 사랑하고 있는, 애정 있는, 애정이 깊은, 애정어린, 친애하는 afflicted: 괴로워하는, 고민하는

2 affliction: 고통, 고민거리, 괴로움, 병, 불행의 원인, 고뇌 afflictive: 고통을 주는, 괴로운, 쓰라린 affront: 모욕, 모욕하다, 반항하다, 직면하다, 경멸, 태연하게 맞서다 afloat: 떠서, 해상에, 퍼져, 유통되어, 범람하여, 떠돌아, 수면과 거의 같은 높이로, 행상에, 퍼져서, 침수하여, 유통하여 afoul: 충돌하여, 뒤엉키어 afresh: 새로이, 다시 한 번 aft: 고무쪽에, 후미에, 고물에, 고물에 있는, 고물쪽에, 흔히, 종종, 고물쪽에 있는 aftermost: 최후미의 afternoons: 오후에는 흔히 aggravated: 가중 폭행 aghast: 어안이 벙벙하여, 질겁하여, 두려워 떨며, 깜짝 놀라 agitated: 흥분한, 동요한 agitation: 선동, 동요, 흥분, 동란, 논의, 뒤흔들기 aglow: 빛나서, 타올라, 벌개져서, 후끈 달아서, 불타서, 발개지는 agreeable: 기분 좋은, 유쾌한, 적당한, 어울리는, 쾌이 흥하는, 사근사근한, 마음에 드는, 맞는, 상냥한, 기꺼이 동의하는 agreeably: 기꺼이, 쾌히, 일치하여, 유쾌하게, 에 따라서, 에 따라 ague: 오한, 학질 airy: 바람이 잘 통하는, 공기의, 경솔한, 우미한, 경쾌한, 공중의, 공허한, 하늘 높이 솟은, 점장빼는, 가벼운, 들뜬 ajar: 조화되지 않아, 조금열려, 문이 조금 열려져, 조화를 잃어, 조금 열려, 조금 열려져 alack: 가엾도다, 슬프다 alacrity: 민활, 활발 alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝 놀란 alarming: 놀랄 정도의, 경각심, 경종, 놀라운 alas: 아아, 슬픈지고 albatross: 신천옹, 걱정거리, 기준타수보다 셋이 적은 타수 ale: 맥주, 에일 맥주 allude: 넌지시 비추다, 에 관해 말하다, 논급하다, 언급하다, 암시하다 allusion: 암시, 변죽 울림, 약간의 언급, 인유 alms: 베풀어주는 사람, 보시, 의연금 aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로, 위쪽에, 위에 aloof: 무관심의, 떨어져서, 쌀쌀한, 초연해 있다-초연한

The Piazza Tales alpine: 알프스의, 고산의, 대단히 높은, 높은 산의, 알펜의, 활강의, 알프스 산맥의 alps: 알프스 산맥 altercation: 언쟁, 격론, 논쟁 alternate: 호생의, 교류하다, 교체, 대리교체원, 번갈아서, 번갈아서의, 교류의, 부의, 하나씩 거른, 교대시키다, 교대의 alternately: 번갈아, 교대로, 하나 걸러 altitude: 높이, 고도, 높은, 높은 자리, 정점에서 밑변까지의 수직 거리 amazed: 놀란 amazement: 놀람, 소스라침 amends: 보상, 배상, 배상하다, 벌충, 보상하다 amidship: 배의 amidships: 배의 한가운데에서, 중앙에, 배 복판에 amidst: 한창 하는 중에, 의 한복판에 amiss: 어긋나서, 잘못한, 형편이 나쁜, 고장난, 빗나가서, 수사납게, 이 적절하지 않은, 잘못되어, 탈이 나서, 이 적질하지 않은 ammon: 아몬 amphitheatre: 계단강의실, 계단식 관람석, 원형연기장, 원형 경기장, 원형 극장, 계단 교실 amply: 충분히, 널히, 널리 amusing: 우스운, 재미나는, 재미있는, 즐거운, 우스움, 즐거움 anaconda: 아나콘다 뱀, 아나콘다 ancestor: 조상, 선주, 원형, 선조, 피상속인 anchor: 닻, 정착시키다, 힘이 되는 것 닻을 내려 멈추다, 힘이되는 것최종 주자, 닻의, 의지할 힘이 되는 것, 야구 팀에서 제일가는 강타자, 맨 끝 사람, 닻을 내리다, 닻으로 고정시키다, 주저앉다 anchorage: 투묘, 정박, 닻을 내림, 은자의 주거, 정박료, 은둔처, 은둔장소, 정박세, 정박소, 투묘지, 정신적 의지 anchored: 닻을 내린, 서로 가까이 모여 있는 andes: 안데스산맥 anew: 재차, 다시, 새로이, 다시 한번 angelic: 천사의, 천사같은, 완전무결한 angular: 모난, 말라빠진, 각이있는, 태도가묵뚝뚝한, 딱딱한, 모서리가 있는, 뼈가 앙상한, 각도의 animated: 싱싱한, 기운찬, 살아있는, 생기가 있는 animation: 생기, 활발, 원기, 만화영화제작, 동화 annals: 연보, 역사, 기록, 연감,

연대기, 연대표, 사료 annihilate: 전멸시키다, 완패시키다, 절멸시키다, 무효로 하다, 근절시키다, 억누르다 annoyed: 괴로운 annoying: 성가신, 귀찮은, 괴롭히는, 지겨운, 귀찮게하는 anomaly: 변칙, 불규칙, 이상한 것, 근점 거리 anon: 이내, 다시, 얼마안있어, 언젠가, 곧 answerable: 책임이 있는, 답할 수 있는, 책임있는, 알맞은, 대답할 수 있는, 해당할 만한 ant: 개미 antarctic: 남극의, 남빙양, 남극 anthracite: 무연탄 antic: 이상한, 야릇한, 기괴한익살맞은 짓, 익살떨다, 어릿광대익살떨다, 어릿광대, 기괴한 짓, 익살맞은 행동, 익살스러운 몸짓 anticipate: 예기하다, 앞지르다, 이르게 하다, 선수 쓰다, 예견하다, 예상하다, 을 기대하다, 을 내다보고 근심하다, 믿고 미리 쓰다, 재촉하다, 앞질러 하다 antiquary: 고물 또는 골동 수집가, 고물연구가, 골동품상, 호고 학자 anxiously: 걱정스럽게, 근심하여, 걱정하여 apace: 빨리, 신속히, 발맞추어 apathetic: 무감동한, 냉담한, 무감각한 apathy: 무감동, 무관심, 낸담, 냉담 ape: 원숭이, 오랑우탄, 고릴라, 흉내내다, 열광하다, 절정, 흉내내는 사람 apology: 사과, 명색뿐인 것, 변명, 사죄, 해명 apostatize: 신앙을 버리다, 변절하다 appall: 오싹하게 하다, 간담을 서늘하게 하다, 질겁하게 하다 appanage: 속지, 왕자의 속령, 왕자의 녹, 왕자령, 속성이득, 부수입, 속성 apparel: 의복, 차리다, 꾸미다, 의상, 제복의장식수-입히다, 입히다, 기성복, 제복, 장식 apparition: 환영, 유령, 요괴, 출현물 appellation: 명칭, 명명, 호칭 applause: 찬성, 박수갈채, 칭찬, 박수 갈채 appreciator: 감상자, 진가를 아는 사람 apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포, 두려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정 apprehensive: 근심하는, 우려하는, 우려하여, 이해가 빠른 apprehensively: 근심하게, 우려하게 apprentice: 도제, 견습, 계시로삼다,

Herman Melville 견습으로보내다, 초심자 apprenticeship: 도제살이, 도제의 신분 apprise: 통고하다, 알리다 apron: 에이프런, 바텐더, 앞무대, 행주치마, 앞치마를 두르다, 앞치마, 격납고, 불쑥 나온 앞무대, 격납고 앞의 광장, 앞의 광장, 격납고 앞의 포장된 광장 apt: 적당한, 하기쉬운, 이해가 빠른, 적절한, 총기있는, 하기 쉬운, 할 것 같은, 재기있는 aquatic: 물의, 수상의, 물속에사는 수생 동물, 물속에사는-수생 동물 arabian: 아라비아의, 아라비아 사람의, 아라비아 말, 아라비아 사람 archipelago: 군도, 다도해 arduous: 험악한, 부지런한, 힘드는, 어려운, 험한, 분투적인 aries: 백양궁, 수양자리, 양자리 aristocratically: 귀족적으로 armor: 갑옷, 철갑, 기갑부대, 투구, 갑주, 방호복, 방호기관, 장갑, 기갑 부대, 기갑, 갑옷을 입히다 armorial: 문장의, 문장서 armory: 문장학, 병기고, 병기공장, 병기류, 주병 부대 본부, 무구, 문장 aromatic: 묘미있는, 향기로운 artificially: 인위적으로, 부자연하게, 인공적으로, 부자연스럽게 artificialness: 인위, 인공 ascend: 오르다, 오르막이되다, 시대가 거슬러 올라가다, 올라가다, 에 오르다, 높아지다, 을 오르다, 오르막이 되다, 등귀하다, 상향, 거슬러 올라가다 ascendancy: 우세, 욱일승천의 세력, 우월, 패권, 주도권, 지배권 ascending: 올라가는, 상승적인, 오르는, 위를 향한 ascent: 오르막, 오름, 상승, 등산, 사승, 오르막길, 올라감 ascertain: 확인하다, 알아내다, 을 확인하다, 확실히 하다, 명백히 하다 ascertainable: 확인할 수 있는 ascribe: 탓으로 하다, 돌리다, 에 돌리다, 에 속하는 것으로 생각하다 ashore: 물가에, 해변에 ashy: 재의, 회색의, 재투성이의, 회백색의 askance: 비스듬히, 옆으로, 으심쩍게 보다, 비스듬듬히, 모으로 asphaltum: 아스팔트 aspiration: 포부, 대망, 기음, 갈망, 빨아냄, 열망, 기식음 발성, 호흡, 흡출 ass: 당나귀, 마보, 외집쟁이, 나귀, 고집쟁이, 고집통이, 바보 assailant: 공격자, 공격의, 공격하는

assassin: 암살자, 자객, 암살 비밀 결사단 assassination: 암살 assert: 주장하다, 단언하다, 옹호하다, 자기 설을 주장하다, 역설하다, 자기 권리를 주장하다, 을 단언하다 assign: 지정하다, 할당하다, 양도하다, 명하다, 돌리다, 맡기다, 배당하다, 에 돌리다, 양수인, 배속하다, 선임하다 assuring: 보증하는, 확인하는, 확신을 주는 astern: 고물에, 뒤에 astonished: 놀란 astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄 만한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람 astound: 놀라게하다, 몹시 놀라게 하다, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 놀라게 하다 astounding: 몹시 놀라게 하는, 아주 대단한, 어안이 벙벙하게 하는, 깜짝 놀라게 할 astral: 별의, 별로부터의, 별이 많은 atheist: 무신론자, 무신앙자 athletic: 운동경기의, 장장한, 운동가 같은, 운동의, 경기의, 운동 경기의, 스포츠맨다운 atop: 꼭대기에, 에 꼭대기에 atrocities: 포악, 잔학한 행위 attain: 달성하다, 도달하다, 이루다, 이르다, 결혼하다, 붙어있다, 첨부하다 attendant: 시중드는, 수행의, 수행원, 수반물, 부수의, 출석자, 곁에 따르는 사람, 출석의, 출석의-곁에 따르는 사람, 따라다니는, 시중드는 사람 attentively: 세심하게, 주의깊게 attest: 증언하다, 선서시키다, 증명하다, 맹세시키다, 입증하다, 의 증거가 되다 attic: 다락방, 아테네풍의, 고전풍의, 고미다락, 더그매 두 고미 다락, 더그매 두 고미 다락방, 애틱 attire: 옷차림새, 복장, 의복 attorney: 변호사, 대리인, 법률가, 사무변호사 audible: 들리는, 들을 수 있는 audibly: 들리도록, 들을 수 있도록, 들을 수 있게, 들릴 만큼 aught: 아마, 아무래도 상관 없다, 어떤 일, 어떤 것, 무엇이든 augment: 증대하다, 증가하다, 늘리다, 늘다, 접두 모음자, 접두 모음자를 붙이다, 증가시키다 augmented: 증가된, 는, 증음된 augury: 전조, 점 aurora: 서광, 오로라, 극광, 여명 austere: 극도로간결한, 떫은, 신, 엄격한, 가혹한, 금욕적인, 남풍, 내핍의

3 autocrat: 독재자, 독재군주, 전제군주 automaton: 기계적으로행동하는사람, 자동인형, 기계적으로 행동하는 사람, 기계적으로 행동하는 동물, 자동 장치 avail: 이익, 도움이되다, 소용이되다, 효용, 이롭다-이익.효용, 이롭다, 유용하다, 효력이 있다, 에 도움이 되다 avalanche: 쇄도하다, 눈사태, 쇄도, 눈이나산 사태나다, 사태, 눈이나 산사태나다 avenge: 복수하다, 대응하다, 원수를갚다, 대갚음하다, 앙갚음하다, 보복하다, 에게 복수 하다, 의 복수를 하다 averse: 반대하여, 싫어하다, 싫어하여, 원줄기에서 바깥쪽을 향한 aversion: 혐오, 반감, 싫은 것, 싫은 사람 avert: 피하다, 돌리다, 막다 aviary: 새장, 양금사 avidity: 갈망, 탐욕, 욕망 avowed: 공공연한, 공언한, 자인한, 스스로 인정한, 공언된, 인정된, 언명한, 스스로인정한 awaken: 자각시키다, 깨닫다, 불러 일으키다, 깨우다, 자각하다, 깨다 awakening: 각성, 눈뜨게한는, 눈뜸, 깨우치는, 깨우치는-눈뜸 awed: 경외심을 나타낸 awhile: 잠시, 잠깐 awkwardly: 어색하게, 꼴사납게, 서투르게, 이상하게 axe: 도끼 도끼로 찍다, 도끼, 참수, 도끼로 자르다, 대폭 삭감하다, 재즈 악기 ay: 항상, 찬성! 찬성 언제나, 그렇소, 아아, 찬성자, 영구히, 찬성 azure: 하늘빛, 푸른하늘, 하늘빛의, 창공의, 푸른 하늘 babylon: 바빌론, 타락의 도시, 화려한 도회, 화려하고 타락한 대도시 backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는, 뒤로의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의, 거꾸로, 발전이 늦은, 후방의, 후방으로, 퇴보하여 baffled: 실패하는 baffling: 저해하는, 이해할 수 없는, 당황하게 하는, 당혹시키는 baggy: 자루 같은, 헐렁한, 허렁한, 불룩한, 부풀은 bald: 벗어진, 대머리의, 털없는, 노출된, 꾸밈없는, 노골적인, 단조로운, 있는 그대로의, 있는 고대로의, 뻔한, 머리가 벗어지다 balloonist: 기구 조종사, 기구 타는

4 사람 balmy: 상쾌한, 진통의, 기분좋은, 향기로운, 바로 같은, 머리가 돈, 향기가 좋은, 위로가 되는, 향유 같은, 향유의 balsamic: 방향성의, 진통의, 발삼 같은, 진통제 balustrade: 난간 bandanna: 홀치기 염색의 대형 손수건, 네커치프, 홑치기 염색한 대형 손수건 banded: 대상 장식이 있는, 줄무늬 모양의 bandit: 산적, 악당, 도둑, 노상강도, 적기 baneful: 해로운, 유독한, 유독성의, 유해한, 유해성의 banishment: 추방, 방축, 배척, 유형 banister: 난간, 난간동자 banisters: 계단의 난간 banner: 기, 기치, 주장, 주요한, 군기, 현수막, 전단표제-일류의, 전단표제, 제 1 위의, 제목을 크게 붙이다, 신문의 톱 전단에 걸친 제목 baptist: 침례교도, 세례자 요한, 침례파, 침례 교회의, 세례 요한, 침례 교회파의, 침례교회의, 침례교신도, 세례 주는 사람 barbarous: 잔인한, 야만의, 무식한, 조야한, 그리스 어 이외의, 라틴 어 이외의, 미개한, 야비한, 이국어의 barbary: 바바리, 북아프리카의 옛 이름 barber: 이발사, 이발하다, 수염을 깍다, 이발업을 하다, 수염을 깎다 barefooted: 맨발의 barge: 짐배, 거룻배, 뒤뚱뒤뚱 걷다, 유람선, 주제넘게 나서다, 거룻배로 나르다, 낡은 배, 낡은 배-거룻배로 나르다, 느릿느릿 움직이다, 보트 창고, 유람 객선 bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리, 기침을 하다, 포성, 총성, 나무 껍질로 덮다, 나무껍질, 소리지르다, 배, 피부-껍질을 벗기다 barracks: 병영, 병사 barred: 모래톱이 있는, 빗장이 있는, 줄 있는, 줄무늬가 있는, 가두어 버린, 빗장이 달린, 줄이 있는 barren: 임신 못하는, 불모의, 메마른, 열매를 맺지 않는, 농작물이 나지않는, 재미없는, 무익한, 내용이 보잘것 없는, 새끼를 못 낳는, 효과없는, 황야 barricade: 방책, 통행 차단물, 막다, 방해하다, 장애물-방책을 만들다, 투쟁의 장, 장애물, 장애, 에 방책으로 쌓다, 에 방책으로 막다, 장애물로 가로막다

The Piazza Tales barter: 교역하다팔다-물물교환, 물물교환 하다, 교환하하, 물물 교환, 물물 교환 하다, 헐하게 팔아 버리다 bartholomew: 바돌로매 baseness: 천함, 서출, 치사함, 속팀, 열등, 조악, 하등, 비열, 가짜 bats: 머리가 돈 battlements: 총 쏘는 구멍이 있는 흉벽 beacon: 등대, 횃불, 경고하다, 봉화로 신호하다, 봉화, 수로표지-봉화를 올리다, 인도하다, 항공 표지, 신호소, 봉홧불, 고지 beads: 염주 beak: 부리, 코, 치안판사, 주둥이, 격돌 함수, 귀때, 교사, 누조, 부리가 있는, 치안 판사, 부리 같이 생긴 물건 beamed: 빛나는, 방송되는, 대들보 있는, 들보가 있는 bearings: 방위, 문장 beauteous: 아름다운, 우아한 beckon: 신호하다, 손짓으로 부르다, 유혹하다, 유인하다, 고갯짓 따위로 부르다, 몸짓 따위로 부르다, 초대하다, 손짓하여 부르다, 꾀어 부르다 bedding: 침구, 토대, 성층, 깃, 기반, 화단용의, 깔짚, 깔깃 bee: 꿀벌, 모임, 일꾼, 부지런한 사람, 벌 beforehand: 미리, 예기하다, 대비하다, 전부터, 사전에, 서다, 앞서다, 벌써부터, 지레 짐작으로, 이전에, 빨리 befriend: 돕다, 친구가 되다, 사귀다, 돌보아주다, 의 편이 되다 beggarly: 거지 같은, 빈약한, 얼마 안되는, 비천한, 가난한, 초라한, 무일푼의, 인색한 begging: 구걸, 구걸하는, 거지 생활 behaved: 한 태도의, 행동거지가 ...한 behavior: 행실, 행동, 상태, 태도, 행동주의, 관습, 가동, 관행 behold: 보다 belfry: 종루 belted: 띠를 두른, 벨트를 단, 줄무늬가 있는, 장갑한, 장갑대를 누른, 예장대를 두른 benefactor: 은인, 후원자, 기증자, 보호자, 은혜를 베푸는 사람 beneficially: 이익을 받게, 유익하게 benevolent: 자비스러운, 친절한, 자애로운, 호의적인, 박애의, 유순한, 자선적인, 인정많은 benevolently: 박애적으로, 인정 깊게, 인정 많게, 자비심 깊게, 자비심 많게 benign: 온화한, 친절한, 인정많은, 양서의, 상냥한, 유순한, 인자한

bequeath: 전하다, 남기다, 유증하다, 유언으로 증여하는 것, 유언으로 양도하다, 후세에 남기는 것 berry: 열매, 커피의 열매, 딸기의 열매, 열매를 따다, 물고기의 알열매가 열리다, 장과, 알, 말린 씨앗, 딸기류의 열매, 장과가 열리다 berth: 숙소, 침대, 지위, 정박시키다, 정박지, 직업-정박하다, 정박 위치, 정박 거리, 정박 간격, 적당한 장소, 정박하다 beseeching: 간청하는, 간절히 원하는, 탄원하는, 청하는, 간청하는 듯한, 애원하는 듯한 bestowal: 증여, 수여, 저장, 처치, 저처 betake: 의지하다, 호소하다, 착수하다, 가다, 로 가다, 을 해보다 bethink: 숙고하다, 생각하다, 생각해내다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 생각나다, 생각해 내다 betide: 발생하다, 생기다, 닥치다, 일어나다 betray: 나타내다, 누설하다, 배반하다, 저버리다, 유괴하다, 배신하다, 팔다, 속이다, 무심코 드러내다, 거역하다, 에 위배하다 bewilderment: 당황 bewitchingly: 황홀케 할 만큼, 매혹시키게, 매혹시키듯, 황홀케 하게 bidding: 초대, 입찰, 명령, 공고, 선언, 비드하기 bide: 살다, 기다리다, 멀물다, 참다, 때를 기다리다 bier: 관대, 관가, 묘 bind: 동이다, 덩굴, 감다, 제본, 구속하다-묶는 것, 속박하다굳어지다, 끈, 매다, 변비를 일으키게 하다, 속박하다, 장정하다 birch: 자작나무 회초리, 자작나무, 때리다, 자작나무 재목 birdlime: 끈끈이 biscuit: 비스킷, 작은 빵, 비스킷 색, 질그릇 bishopric: 감독회 biting: 찌르는듯한, 물어 뜯는, 살을 에는 듯한, 날카로운 blackberry: 검은딸기, 검은 딸기를 따다, 검은딸기의 열매 blacker: 검게 하는 사람, 비방하는 사람 blacking: 구두약, 흑색 도료, 흑색도료, 검게 닦음, 검게 함 blackish: 거무스름한 blacksmith: 대장장이, 대장장이의 bland: 부드러운, 온화한, 상냥한, 기분 좋은, 순한, 김빠진, 자극성이 적은

Herman Melville blandly: 온화하게, 입에 맞게, 부드럽게, 재미없게 blankly: 멍하니, 완전히, 딱잘라서, 우두커니, 단호히, 멍처히, 망연히, 딱잘라 blankness: 공백, 단조 blasted: 저주받은, 시든, 결단난, 폭파된 blaze: 포고하다, 빛나다, 드날림, 화염, 불같이 노하다, 알리다, 빛, 격발, 불타다, 광휘, 타오르다 blazon: 문장, 공표하다, 말을 퍼뜨리다, 과시-문장을 그리다, 문장묘사, 과시 blazonry: 문장, 미관, 화화한 겉치레, 문장 묘사법, 장관 bleached: 표백한 bled: 물집의, 거품의 blemish: 흠, 손상하다, 결점, 완전함을 손상하다, 아름다움을 손상하다 blended: 혼합된, 블렌드된, 혼방의 blending: 혼합, 혼성어 bless: 찬미하다, 정화하다, 수호하다, 은총을 내리다, 신성케 하다, 찬양하다, 축복하다, 신을 찬양하다, 신을 하다, 은혜를 베풀다, 저주하다 blessed: 축복을 받은, 행복한, 복된, 신성한, 저주받은, 축복받은, 축성된, 기쁜 blinder: 혼합물, 혼성어 blinkers: 눈가리개 가죽, 먼저 막는 안경 blithe: 유쾌한, 명항한, 쾌활한, 행복한, 태평스런, 즐거운 blithely: 즐겁세, 쾌활하게, 부주의하게, 경솔하게 blithesome: 즐거운, 명랑한, 쾌활한, 태평스런 blockade: 봉쇄, 경제봉쇄, 교통차단, 폐쇄, 봉쇄하다, 봉쇄선 bloom: 번영하다, 개화기, 꽃, 쇳덩이, 건강한-피다, 과분, 개화, 앵두빛, 특정 시즌의 꽃, 특정 식물의 꽃, 특정 장소의 꽃 blot: 얼룩, 지우다, 오명, 때, 오점, 감추다, 결점-더럽히다, 잡히기 쉬운 말, 흠, 잉크를 배게 하다, 번지다 blueberry: 월귤나무의일종, 월귤나무 bluff: 허세부리다, 속이다, 허세, 속임, 허세부리는 사람, 허세 부리기, 하게 하다, 절벽의, 절벽, 에게 허세부리다, 엄포를 놓다 blunderbuss: 나팔총 boarding: 기숙, 판장 boatswain: 갑판장, 병조장 boiler: 보일러, 끓이는 그릇, 가마솥, 끓여 먹는 음식, 끓이는 사람 boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게,

뚜렷이 bolt: 볼트, 전광, 빗장, 굵은 화살, 체질하다, 빗장으로 걸다, 번개불, 음미하다, 뛰어나가다, 도주뛰어나가다, 죔못 bolting: 도망, 추대, 음식물을 통째로 삼킴, 볼토조이기, 음식물을 통째로 뼜댐, 볼트로 조이기, 볼트 조이기 boor: 농사꾼, 시골뜨기, 우락부락한 사나이, 촌뜨기 bootless: 무익한 booty: 전리품, 이득, 포획물, 노획품, 벌이 bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부, 흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면 bottled: 몹시 취한, 병에 넣은, 병에 담은, 술에 취한, 병에 든 boundless: 한없는, 무한한 bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한 bower: 절하는 사람, 최고의 패, 주묘, 정자, 굴복자, 나무그늘, 나무그늘의, 내실, 이물닻, 현악기 연주자, 나무 그늘 bowing: 운궁법, 절을 하는, 활 놀리는 법, 휘는, 보잉 bows: 이물 bowsprit: 제일사장 brace: 바지 멜빵, 죄다, 한 쌍, 지주, 버팀대, 기운을 내다, 거멀장, 긴장 시키다, 부목꺾쇠-버티다, 흥분제, 긴장시키다 brahmin: 지식인, 인도의 사성중 최고의지성인, 교양이 높은 사람, 브라만 braided: 꼰, 짠, 몰로 장식한, 땋은 brake: 브레이크, 수풀, 덤불, 고사리, 브레이크를 걸다, 양치의 무리, 두들겨 섬유를 뽑다, 타마기, 숲, 옛 고문 도구의 일종, 방지 brakes: 브레이크 branched: 가지가 있는 brattle: 덜컹덜컹울리다, 쿵쾅거림, 쿵쾅거리며 뛰다, 덜컹덜컹, 쿵쿵 울리다, 둥둥 울리다 bravado: 허세, 허장성세 bravely: 용감하게, 화려하게 bravery: 용감, 화려, 화미 brazen: 뻔뻔스러운, 놋쇠처럼 단단한, 시끄러운, 뻔뻔스럽게하다, 놋쇠빛의, 놋쇠로만든, 놋쇠로 만든, 단단한 breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이, 넓음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로 재는 물건, 관용, 너비 breeches: 승마용 바지, 반바지, 승마바지, 바지 breezily: 산들바람이 불어, 산들바람이 일어, 쾌활하게, 힘차게,

5 기운차게 brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제, 같은 신도들 bridal: 신부의, 새색시, 혼례, 혼례의, 결혼식 bridle: 굴레를 씌우다, 고삐를 매다, 굴레, 구속하다, 몸을 뒤로 젖히다, 구속물, 말 굴레, 머리를 치켜든 거만한 자세, 구속, 배를 매어 놓는 밧줄, 배를 매어 놓는 체인 brightly: 환하게, 밝게 brightness: 환함, 머리가 좋음, 빛남 brilliancy: 광휘, 명민, 훌륭함, 명도, 광택, 재기 발랄 brine: 소금물, 바닷물, 소금물에 절이다 brisk: 활발한, 상쾌한, 활기있는, 기운찬, 민첩한, 팔팔한, 음료가 잘 이는, 거품이 잘 이는 broach: 꼬챙이, 꺼내다, 꼬치, 공표하다, 송곳, 입을 열다, 꼬챙이에 꾀다, 고기 굽는 꼬챙이, 교회의첨탑, 말을 처음 꺼내다, 첨탑 broadside: 한쪽뱃전의 대포의 전부, 일제공격, 그의 일제 사격, 뱃전, 현측 broadway: 뉴욕시의남북으로뻗은번화가 broidery: 윤색, 자수 brokenly: 띄엄띄엄, 더듬거리며, 변칙적으로 bronzed: 청동빛으로 만든 broth: 묽은수프, 묽은 수프 browse: 새싹, 책을 역저기 읽다, 주사-을 먹다, 어린잎, 찾아보기, 연한 새싹을 먹다, 연한 잎을 먹다, 먹다, 띄엄띄엄 읽다, 가축이 잎을 먹다, 가축이 새싹을 먹다 buccaneer: 해적, 해적질하다, 해적질을 하다 buckler: 둥근방패, 둥근 방패, 방패 budge: 조금 움직이다, 조금움직이다, 어린 양의 모피, 움직이게 하다, 움직이다, 양보시키다, 생각을 바꾸다, 조금 움직이게 하다 buggy: 빈대가많은, 벌레투성이의, 이륜 경마차, 말한필이끄는 4 륜마차 bugs: 미친, 정신이 돌아 생물학, 미쳐 bulb: 구근, 전구, 동글동글한 bullion: 금덩어리 bundle: 꾸러미, 다발, 다발지어 묶다, 묶음, 덩어리, 관속, 거금 bunting: 기, 기 만드는 천, 멧새의무리, 후드 달린 따듯한 포대기, 엷은 깃발천, 멧새 무리, 깃발천 burglar: 밤도둑, 강도, 빈집털이, 사기꾼, 주거 침입 강도

6 bust: 상반신, 흉상, 실패, 반신상, 파열, 파산하다, 가슴, 실패하다, 빠구, 파멸시키다, 앞가슴 butterfly: 나비, 멋쟁이, 바람둥이, 버터플라이, 불안한 마음 buttress: 버팀벽, 지지하다, 부벽, 부벽으로 버티다 buzzing: 윙윙거리는 cactus: 선인장 cadaverous: 창백한, 새파랗게 질린, 시체같은, 송장같은, 시체 같은, 시체 calabash: 호리병박, 호리병의 일종, 그열매 calamitous: 불행한, 비참한, 재난을 일으키는, 재난이 많은, 바참한 calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참 calve: 새끼를 낳다, 갈라져 분리되다, 빙괴를 분리하다 calves: 빙산에서 떨어져 표류하는 얼음 덩어리, 송아지, 송아지 가죽, 어리석은 젊은이, 장딴지 campanile: 종탑, 종루 canary: 카나리아, 밀고자, 카나리아 빛, 여자가수, 카나리아 제도산의 백포도주, 가수, 카나리아 빛의, 여자, 동료를 파는 범인, 카나리아빛, 카나리아제도산의 cane: 지팡이, 회초리, 줄기, 매질하다, 등나무로 만들다, 등나무 무리, 가볍고 가는 지팡이, 대, 유리막대, 매로 치다, 등 canine: 개, 개과의 동물, 개과의, 송곳니, 개같은, 개의 cankerous: 해독을 미치는, 구강 궤양 같은, 구강 궤양의 cannel: 촉탄 cannon: 대포를 쏘다, 권총, 캐논을 치다, 소매치기, 포격하다, 캐논, 이중축, 대포, 세게 충돌하다, 비행기 탑재용 기관포, 맹렬히 충돌하다 canopy: 닫집, 하늘, 천개로 덮다, 천개, 천개처럼 덮는 것, 천개 모양의 차양, 차양, 원개, 도대체, 닫집처럼 가리다 canton: 주, 광둥, 위쪽 구석의 작은 구획, 막사를 할당하다, 분할하다, 분할하다.숙영지, 주으로 나누다, 주로 나누다, 숙영시키다, 부분, 구획 caprice: 변덕, 공상적 작품, 뜻밖의 급변, 제멋대로의 행동, 카프리치오 capricious: 변덕스러운, 급변하는 captor: 체포자, 빼앗는 사람, 획득자 carelessly: 부주의하게, 태평하게, 무심코, 경솔하게, 속 편하게 carman: 전차승무원, 차량정비사, 짐마차의 마부, 운전사, 승무원, 마부 carnival: 사육제, 축제, 왁자거리며 놀기, 유원지, 광란, 법석, 순회흥행, 스포츠경기, 시합, 흥청거림

The Piazza Tales carpenter: 목수, 목수일을 하다, 목수일로 만들다, 대목, 목수일을하다, 목수직, 무대장치인, 아마추어 목수, 목공품, 목공일을 하다 carrion: 썩은 고기, 썩은 고기를 먹는, 썩은, 죽은 짐승고기, 불결물 carthage: 카르타고, 아프리카 북안의 고대 도시 cascade: 직렬, 작은 폭포, 종속, 폭포처럼 떨어뜨리다, 폭포가 되어 떨어지다, 폭포 모양의 레이스 장식, 현애 가꾸기, 인공폭포, 분기폭포, 갈라진 폭포, 직렬로 하다 cascading: 계속되는, 연속적인, 폭포같은 cask: 통, 통에 넣다, 한통의 분량, 물통, 한통 castaway: 버림받은, 난파한, 무뢰한, 불량한, 파산한 사람, 버림받은 사람, 버림받은 아이 castellated: 성모양으로 구축된, 성이 많은, 성 모양으로 구축된 caster: 던지는 사람, 주조자, 주물공, 양념병대, 양념병, 배역계 담당, 다리바퀴, 계산자, 다리 바퀴 castile: 카스티야 casting: 주조, 배역, 낚싯줄의 드리움, 주물, 던짐, 똥, 뱀 허물, 버림, 낚싯줄의 드리움 방법의, 낚싯줄의 드리움의, 던지기 catamaran: 뗏목, 바가지 긁는 여자, 안정선, 앙앙거리는 여자, 쌍동선, 심술 궂은 여자, 뗏목 배 catastrophe: 대단원, 파국, 대이변, 대실패, 파멸, 지각의 격변, 튼 재앙, 큰재변, 대참사 cautiously: 주의깊게, 조심하여, 조심성 있게 cavalcade: 기마대, 퍼레이드, 기마행렬, 별의 운행, 화려한 행렬, 자동차행진, 사건의 진전 cavalry: 기병대, 기병, 기갑부대, 기병대의, 기병의 cavernous: 동굴이 많은, 동굴 같은, 깊은, 움푹 들어간, 움푹한, 동굴에서 나오는 듯한 ceaseless: 끊임없는, 부단한 celestial: 하늘의, 천인, 중국의, 중국인, 천국의, 천상의, 천사, 천체의, 신성한-중국인, 거룩한, 천국같은 cellar: 지하실, 석탄 저장소, 포도주 저장, 최하위, 포도주 저장실, 저장 포도주, 움, 지하실에 저장하다, 지하실에 저정하다, 땅광 centaur: 명기수, 켄타우루스, 인두마신의 괴물, 켄타우루스자리 ceremonious: 예의 바른, 형식적인,

의식의, 격식을 차린, 엄숙한, 딱딱한, 의식적인 certify: 증명하다, 지불을 보증하다, 에게 보증하다, 정신 이상자라고 증명하다, 에게 증명서를 교부하다, 보증하다, 인증하다, 에게 면허장를 교부하다, 에게 면허장를 발행하다, 에게 증명서를 발행하다, 보증 하다 cessation: 중지, 정지, 중단, 휴지 chalky: 백악질의, 백악색의, 가루가 많은, 백악이 많은, 분필이 묻은, 초크 같은 chambered: 작은 방이 있는, 실이 있는 chamois: 샤무아, 영양의 무리, 새미 가죽 행주, 새미가죽, 셈 가죽, 섀미 가죽 chancery: 대법관청, 형평법 재판소, 공문서 보관소, 기록소, 대사관의 사무국, 대법관청 재판소, 영사관의 사무국 changeable: 변덕스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 불안정한, 가변서의, 변경할 수 잇는, 변하기쉬운, 여러가지 색으로 변화해 보이는, 여러 가지 색 으로 변화해 보이는, 가변성의 chant: 성가, 노래, 자주 반복되는 의견, 영창하다, 영창조, 부르다, 찬송하다, 단조로운 말투, 되풀이 하다, 크게 찬양하다, 단조로운 말투로계속하다 chanticleer: 수탉 charcoal: 숯, 목탄화, 목탄으로 그리다, 목탄 charger: 충전기, 군마, 승마, 돌격자, 큰 접시, 장전기, 장약기, 용광로에 광석을 넣는 사람, 책임하는 것, 책임하는 사람, 장교용 승마 charitable: 자비로운, 자선의, 관대한, 관용적인, 인애정신에 넘치는, 인정많은, 자선심이 많은 charitably: 자선의, 관대한, 자비로운 charlemagne: 샤를마뉴 대제 charmed: 매혹된, 기쁘게 생각하여, 저주 받은, 마법으로 보호된, 마법에 걸린 chatty: 수다스러운, 터놓은, 허물없는, 지껄이기 좋아하는, 이야기를 좋아하는, 기탄없는 cheaply: 값싸게, 쉽게, 싸게, 싸구려로, 천하게 cheer: 환호, 기분, 갈채, 갈채하다, 격려, 격려하다, 기운이 나다, 음식물, 기운을 북돋우다, 환성을 지르다, 음식 cheerfully: 쾌활하게, 기분좋게, 명랑하게, 기쁜 마음으로, 기꺼이 cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것 cheerly: 힘내자, 기분좋게

Herman Melville cheery: 기분 좋은, 원기있는, 명랑한 cherish: 품다, 귀여워하다, 소중히 하다, 소중히 키우다, 소중히 기르다, 고이 간직하다 cherished: 품는, 소중히 하는 childless: 아이가 없는, 아이없는 chili: 그것으로 만든 향신료, 칠레고추, 고추의 일종 chill: 오한, 냉기, 차가운, 한기, 춥게 하다, 냉담한, 냉장하다, 냉랭한, 풀죽음, 추위에 떨고 있는, 냉담 chilled: 냉장한, 냉각한, 냉강된, 냉경한, 칠드 주물의, 차가워진 chimney: 등피, 굴뚝, 분화구, 침니, 굴뚝모양의 것, 대단한 흡연가, 굴뚝 모양의 것 chirrup: 쯧쯧하다, 쯧쯧하여 어르다, 짹짹, 갈채하다, 쯧쯧, 지저귀다 chisel: 조각술, 끌, 조각칼, 속이다, 끌을 쓰다, 끌로파다, 조각하다, 조각칼로 파다, 정, 잔꾀, 사취하다 choleric: 성마른, 화 잘내는, 담즙질의, 잘 불 끈거리는 choral: 합창의, 합창대의, 일제히 소리내는, 성가대의, 성가, 합창대, 합창곡의, 합창, 합창 성가 chuckle: 킬킬 웃다, 킬킬 웃음, 싱글싱글 웃다, 싱그레 웃음, 만족해 하다, 만족의 미소를 짓다, 꼬꼬거리다, 꼬꼬, 고꼬 울다, 킬킬 웃는 소리, 킬킬 웃음의 churn: 교유기, 일게 하다, 휘젓다, 불필요한 절차를 밟게 하다, 휘저어 버터를 만들다, 우왕좌왕하다, 버터 제조기, 대형우유 깡통, 교유기를 돌리다, 거품지며 물가에 부딪치다, 거품일다 cicero: 로마의 정치가, 케케로, 키케로 cider: 사과술, 사과주스 cindery: 타다 남은 찌꺼기의, 타다 남은 재 같은 circling: 빙글빙글돌기 circuitous: 에두르는, 에움길의, 완곡한, 넌지시 말하는, 도는 길의, 간접적인 circumstance: 환경, 사정, 사건, 부수적인 일, 상황, 처지, 사실, 의식에 구애됨, 사태, 부대사항, 어마어마함 circumstantial: 상세한, 우연한, 정황적인, 처지상의, 부수적인, 생활상태의, 정황에 의한, 형편에 따른, 추정상의 circumstantially: 상세하게, 형식적으로 cistern: 저수지, 물 탱크, 저장기, 수조, 물이 괸곳, 저수탱크 cit: 시민, 일반인, 평복, 인용, 민간복

citadel: 성, 포대, 최후의 거점, 피난처, 도시를 지키는 요새, 요새, 거점 civility: 정중한 태도, 정중, 정중함, 예의바름, 공손, 예의바른말, 예의바른 태도, 예의바른 말, 정중한 말 civilized: 교화된, 예의바른, 교양이 높은, 문명화한, 개명한, 품위있는, 예의 바른 clad: 장비한, 입은, 다른 금속을 입히다, 덮인, 클래딩하다 clamber: 기어 올라가다, 기어 올라감, 힘들여 기어 올라가다, 기어오르다 clamorous: 시끄러운, 떠들썩한, 떨들썩한 clandestinely: 은밀히, 남몰래 clangorous: 뗑그렁뗑그렁울리는, 울리어 퍼지는 clap: 임질, 가볍게 치다, 손뼉치기, 박수, 치다, 파열음, 일격, 탕하는 소리, 툭 두드리기, 철썩때리다, 파닥이다 clasp: 껴안다, 죔쇠, 악수, 포옹, 에 휘감기다, 꽉 쥐다, 꼭 쥐다, 버클, 걸쇠, 전투 기장, 쥠 clatter: 떠들썩하게 지껄이다, 떠들썩함, 달가닥달가닥울리다, 떠들썩한 소리지껄임, 달가닥달가닥하는 소리, 덜걱덜걱소리, 달가닥달가닥울리게 하다, 소란스런 소리를 내며 움직이다, 수다, 수다스럽게, 재잘거리다 clearness: 밝기, 명료도, 방해물이 없음, 밝음, 명석, 맑음, 투명, 아무렴 그렇고말고, 확실히, 분명함 clerkship: 목사의 직, 서기의 신분, 서기의 직, 성직, 성직자의 신분, 사무원의 신분, 목사의 신분, 점원의 직, 점원의 신분, 사무원의 직 climax: 절정, 점층법, 최고조, 극상, 클라이맥스, 엑스터시, 클라이맥스에 달하다, 최고점, 오르가슴, 성적 쾌감의 절정, 극점 cling: 달라붙다, 집착하다, 배어들다, 착 달라 붙다, 접근을 유지하다, 애착을 가지고 떨어지지 않다, 따라서 나아가다, 들러붙다, 달라붙어 안 떨어지다, 고수하다, 달라 붙다 clinker: 수갑, 형무소, 가락이 맞지 않는 음, 실수, 실패작, 용재괴, 투화 벽돌, 클링커로 만들다, 클링커, 잘못, 일품 clipping: 빠른, 가위로 벰, 생략, 오려낸 것, 깎는, 굉장한, 클리핑, 잡보난, 자르는, 신문 따위의 오려낸 것, 베는

7 cloak: 외투를 입히다, 망토, 구실, 가면, 뒤덮다, 가리는 것, 덮어 가리다, 외투, 은폐하다, 소매없는 외투, 소매 없는 외투 closet: 벽장, 사실, 비밀의, 변소, 작은 방, 비실제적인, 변기, 밀담시키다, 들어박히다, 들어박혀 있다, 다락장 clouded: 흐린, 혼란된, 침울한, 애매한, 구름에 덮힌, 구름무늬의, 구름 모양의, 구름무늬가 있는, 흐릿한, 멍한 cloudless: 맑게 갠, 구름 없는, 구름이 없는 cloudy: 흐린, 언짢은, 구름의, 몽롱한, 의미가 흐릿한, 구름이 많은, 탁한, 흐릿한, 흐림이 있는, 애매한, 기분이 좋지 못한 clout: 과녁, 때림, 조각을 대어 깁다, 때리다, 권력, 강타하다, 강타, 딱 때리다, 천조각, 치다, 헝겊조각 clove: 소인경, 정향, 정향나무, 소구근, 구슬순, 정향 나무, 작은 인경 cloven: 갈라진, 째진 clubbed: 곤봉 모양의, 손가락 끝이 굵은, 곤봉모양의 clumsy: 꼴사나운, 다루기 힘든, 쓰기 불편한, 볼품없는, 재치 없는, 어색한, 솜씨시없는, 무뚝뚝한, 모양없는, 서투른, 모양 없는 clutch: 클러치, 붙잡음, 한 배, 사로잡다, 일단, 피우다, 위기, 마수, 인색한사람, 한 둥지의 날짐승의 갓깬 새끼, 움켜쥠 clutched: 초조한, 긴장한 coarse: 야비한, 조잡한, 결이 거친, 조제의, 하치의, 천한, 상스러운, 추잡한, 눈, 굵은, 거친 coarseness: 조잡, 야비, 거침, 열등, 조잡함, 추잡, 결의 거침 coasting: 연안 항행, 연안 항행의, 언덕 미끄럼 타기, 연안 무역, 해안선의 지형, 타성으로 나아가는, 해안선도, 내리받이 활주, 활주용 경사 coaxing: 알랑대는, 감언이설, 구슬리고 달램, 감언 이설 cock: 수탉, 두목, 공이치기, 실없는 짓, 멧도요, 마개, 수컷, 위로 휨, 바늘, 음경, 풍향기 cockpit: 투계장, 조종석, 조종실, 전란의 터, 최하 갑판 후부의 사관실, 싸움터, 투기장 coil: 코일, 사리다, 곱슬털, 똘똘 감다, 사리, 사리를 틀다, 혼란, 고리를 이루다, 고리, 감기다, 한 사리 coldness: 냉담, 추위, 냉정, 차가움 collared: 롤 말이로 말은, 칼라를 단 collusion: 공모, 통모, 결탁

8 colonization: 식민지화, 일시적 이주, 식민지건설, 주열, 주랑, 식민지 형성 color: 색, 안색, 군기, 개성, 착색, 채색하다, 입장, 물들다, 윤색하다, 빛깔, 얼굴을 붉히다 colored: 유색의, 색의, 흑인의, 문장을 꾸민, 착색한, 채색되어 있는, 채색한, 겉치레의, 편견이 있는, 윤색한, 과장한 coloring: 채색, 그림물감, 색, 착색제, 혈색, 착색, 색조, 외견, 색칠 그림, 스타일, 안료 colossal: 거대한, 훌륭한, 터무니없는, 어마어마한, 놀랄만한, 굉장한 colt: 망아지, 초심자, 콜트식 자동 권총, 풋내기, 매듭진 채찍으로 때리다, 장난꾸러기, 밧줄로 만든 매듭진 채찍, 미숙한 사람, 미숙한 젊은이, 콜트식자동권총, 미숙한 자 comb: 빗, 빗질하다, 벌집, 볏, 철저히 수색하다, 물마루를 일으키며 굽이치다, 샅샅이 뒤지어 찾다굽이치다, 소면기, 빗 모양의 물건, 부서지다, 볏-빗다 commanding: 전망이 좋은, 지휘하는, 당당한, 위엄있는, 위풍당당한, 유리한 장소를 차지한 commandment: 계율, 명령, 계명, 명령권, 지령, 지휘권 commotion: 동요, 폭동, 격동, 동란, 소동, 소요 companionable: 동무로 사귈 만한, 친하기 쉬운, 상대하여 재미있는, 벗 삼기에 좋은, 사교적인 compass: 나침반, 이해하다, 한계, 달성하다, 둘레, 에워싸다, 의 둘레를 돌다, 적당한 정도, 컴퍼스, 계획하다, 포위하다 compassion: 동정, 연민, 측은히 여김, 동정심 compassionate: 인정 많은, 특별 배려에 의한, 측은히 여기다, 온정적인, 동정하다, 동정적인, 동정심 있는, 정상을 참작한, 자비로운 compatriot: 동포, 같은 나라의, 동료, 동국인, 동포의 complaisance: 공손, 정중, 친절, 유순함, 상냥함, 은근함, 정중함 complexion: 안색, 외관, 형세, 모양, 양상, 형편, 혈색, 얼굴빛, 얼굴의 살갗 complicity: 공범, 연루, 공모 compliment: 찬사, 경의, 칭찬하다, 의례적인 인사말, 경의를 표하다, 경의의 표시, 아첨, 대갚음하다인사하다, 듣기 좋은 말을 하다, 따리, 영광된 일 compliments: 의례적인 인사말

The Piazza Tales compose: 짓다, 구성하다, 조립하다, 조정하다, 작곡하다, 식자하다, 안치하다, 작문하다, 짜맞추다, 가다듬다, 쓰다 comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다, 함축하다 compressing: 압착하는, 압축하는 comrade: 동무, 동지, 친구, 동료, 동료다운, 전우, 조합원 con: 죄수, 반대론, 신용 사기의, 신용 사기, 폐병, 숙독하다, 정독하다, 을 가지고, 반대하여, 속이다, 반대 투표 concave: 요면, 오목면, 오목한, 오목하게 하다, 오목해지다, 요면의, 오목함 concealed: 숨기는 conceit: 기발한 착상, 자부심, 자만, 호의, 생각하다, 착상, 호감, 이 마음에 들다, 독단, 자부, 우쭐대다 conceited: 자부심이 강한, 변덕스러운, 젠체하는, 뽐내는 conceivable: 생각할 수 있는, 상상할 수 있는 한의, 상상할 수 있는, 상상컨대 conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, 마음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 생각하다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다 concentric: 집중적인, 동심의, 중심이 같은 concord: 협화음, 일치, 화합, 협약, 호응, 협정, 화현, 콩코드 포도, 콩코드, 조화, 우호협정 concourse: 집합, 경마장, 군중, 경기장, 군집, 합류, 큰 길, 중앙광장, 중앙홀, 중앙 광장 condensation: 응축, 냉축, 액화, 요약, 간결화, 응축 상태, 응축제, 응축체, 응축상태, 요약한 것, 압축 condescend: 짐짓 친절하게 대하다, 창피를 무릅쓰고 하다, 자기를 낮추다, 겸손히행하다, 겸손, 겸손한, 겸허, 굽히다, 대등한 처지가 되다, 은혜를 베푸는 것처럼 굴다, 친절히 하다 condescending: 겸손한, 짐짓 겸손하게 구는, 생색을 내는 듯한, 생색을 부리는, 짐짓 겸손한 체 하는, 평민적인 condolence: 애도의 말, 조사, 조상, 애도, 문상 condor: 콘도르 conductor: 전도체, 지휘자, 안내자, 지도자, 피뢰침, 차장, 관리인, 수로 도관, 도체, 도선, 경영자 confederate: 공모한, 동맹국, 동맹시키다, 공모자, 동맹한, 동류, 남부 동맹의, 동맹하다, 연합국, 연합한, 연맹한

confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를 듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다, 자공하다, 공언하다 confessed: 정평있는, 명백한, 인정된, 인정받은, 자인한 confessedly: 자백에 의하면, 자인하는 바와 같이, 명백히 confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서, 자인, 신앙고백, 구술서 confidant: 절친한 친구, 친구, 심복 confinement: 제한, 감금, 해산, 유폐, 틀어박힘, 억류, 한계, 산욕, 국한, 해산자리에 누움 conflagration: 큰 화재, 돌발, 큰불 conflicting: 모순되는, 서로 싸우는, 충돌하는, 일치하지 않는, 서로 다투는, 상충되는, 상반하는 confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다, 좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다, 곤혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케 하다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식, 제기랄 망할 자식 congenially: 같은 성질로, 적합하게 conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고 말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측, 판독, 판독하다 conjuration: 주문, 마법, 요술, 주술, 기원, 탄원 conquer: 정복하다, 극복하다, 손아귀에 넣다, 억누르다, 획득하다, 승리를얻다, 타파하다, 공략하다, 이가다, 승리를 얻다 conquered: 패자, 피정복자 conscientious: 양심적인, 성실한, 세심한, 신중한 consecutively: 연속적으로, 일관되게 considerately: 사려깊게 consort: 배우자, 조화하다, 동행선, 요함, 사귀다, 동료, 교제하다, 요정, 조화있게 결합시키다, 교체하다, 조화 있게 결합시키다 conspicuously: 현저하게 conspirator: 공모자, 음모자 constancy: 항구성, 지조가 굳음, 불변, 절개, 절조, 불변성, 수절 consternation: 깜짝 놀람, 대경실색, 경악 constrained: 무리한, 강제적인, 갑갑한, 강제된, 거북살스러운, 압박당한 constraint: 강제, 속박, 거북스러움, 억압, 어색함, 압박, 조심스러움 construe: 해석하다, 직역, 구문 분석, 구문을 설명하다, 직역하다, 해부하다, 분석 연습, 축어역, 해석되다, 해석할 수 있다, 그의 구성요소를 분석하다 contagion: 전염병, 전염력, 감염, 감화력, 나쁜 감화, 접촉전염, 폐풍,

Herman Melville 접촉 전염 contemptuous: 경멸적인, 사람을 얕잡아보는, 오만 무례, 경멸하여 contentedly: 만족스럽게 contentment: 만족, 흡족해함, 만족함 continual: 빈번한, 계속적인, 끊임없는, 자주 일어나는, 연속적인 continuance: 계속, 연속, 지속, 체류, 존속, 연기, 계속 기간 contour: 윤곽, 개략, 구분선, 윤곽선, 윤곽의 미, 체형에 맞게 만든, 형세, 지형선, 의 윤곽을 그리다, 외형, 몸의 곡선 contracted: 수축한, 옹졸한, 계약한, 인색한, 찌푸린, 도량이 좁은, 단축한, 수축된 contradictory: 모순된, 정반대의 사물, 부정적 주장, 반박론, 반박적인, 모순 대당, 모순대당, 야립치 않는, 양립하지 않는, 자가 당착의, 자가당착의 contrary: 반대의, 심술궂은, 상반하는 사물, 정반대, 반대로, 거꾸로, 역, 불리한, 거꾸로의, 반대명제, 외고집의 contrition: 뉘우침, 회오, 회한 convalescence: 요양, 병후회복, 회복, 차도가 있음, 병이 나아져감 conveniences: 의식주의 편리 conveniently: 편리하게, 형편좋게, 형편이 좋게도, 알맞게 conversational: 회화체의, 이야기 잘하는, 회화의, 이야기하기 좋아하는, 좌담식의, 좌담을 잘하는 conveyancer: 부동산 양도 취급인, 운반자, 전달자 convivial: 연회의, 연회를 좋아하는, 연회를 좋아하는 사람, 쾌활한, 명랑한 convulsion: 격동, 웃음의 발작, 경련, 동란, 이변, 포복 절도, 동요, 경기, 변동 coolish: 좀 차가운, 찬 기운이 있는, 조금 찬 coolly: 냉정하게, 냉담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 서늘하게, 차갑게, 침착하게 copying: 등사, 복사 copyist: 모방자, 필생, 필경자, 베끼는 사람 coral: 산호, 산호로 만든, 주홍색의, 산호빛의, 산호빛, 산호세공품, 산호층, 새우 알, 장난감 젖꼭지, 산호충, 새우알 cord: 코드, 새끼로 묶다, 새끼, 굴레, 장작의 평수, 골지게 짠 직물의 이랑, 끈, 가는바로묶다, 코듀로이, 노끈, 삭상조직 cordial: 강심제, 강장제, 코디얼,

원기를 돋구는, 충심으로부터의, 달콤한술, 과일주스에 물을 탄 음료, 강심성의, 성실한, 성심성의의, 주스 corked: 코르크 먹으로 화장한, 코르크 마개를 한, 맛이 덜한, 코르크마개를 한, 코르크 냄새를 풍기는, 코르크마개 냄새나는, 만취한, 술취하여, 코르크 마개 냄새 나는, 술 취하여 costume: 복장, 여성복, 복, 시대 의상, 옷, 의상을 입히다, 한 벌의 여성복입히다, 의상, 숙녀복, 의상을 조달하다, 입히다 cot: 오두막집, 달아맨 침대, 간이 침대, 병원 침대, 소아용 침대, 씌우개, 집, 가리개, 색, 소아용침대, 시골집 cough: 기침, 기침하다, 불연소음을 내다, 을 마지못해 건네다, 을 마지못해 털어놓다, 기침병, 죄를 자백하다, 기침소리, 불연소음, 기침 소리를 내다, 헛기침하다 councilor: 평의원, 의원, 고문관, 참사관 countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, 허용하다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 지지 counterpart: 부본, 짝진 것의 한쪽, 상대물, 대응부, 대조물, 부절, 비슷한 사람, 아주 닮은 사람, 한짝, 한통, 사본 countryman: 동향인, 촌사람, 지방의 주민, 같은 나라 사람, 시골사람, 동포 coupling: 연결기, 연결, 결합, 교미, 커플링, 장치 courteous: 예의바른, 정중한, 친절한 courteously: 정중하게 courtier: 알랑쇠, 조신, 아첨꾼, 정신 cove: 후미, 홍예식 천장, 주인, 놈, 산골짜기 길, 아치혀으로 만들다, 한구석, 양 목장의 지배인, 후미진곳, 산구석, 녀석 covert: 은밀한, 숨는 장소, 칼깃, 보호를 받고 있는, 비밀의, 잠복소, 우복우, 암암리의, 숨긴, 살며시, 숨은 cowardice: 겁, 비겁, 소심 coziness: 좋은 crackers: 머리가돈, 열중한, 멍한, 머리가 돈, 미친, 호두 까는 기구 craftiness: 교활함, 기능성 crafty: 교활한, 교묘한, 간사한, 나쁜 꾀가 많은, 간사하게 craggy: 바위가 많은, 우악스럽게 생긴, 바위가 울퉁불퉁 돌출한, 울퉁불퉁하고 험한 crane: 기중기, 학, 사이펀, 목을 길게

9 빼다, 기중기로 달아올리다, 크레인, 쑥 내밀다, 뱃전의 팔 모양의 기중기, 왜가리, 자재갈고리, 주저하다 cravat: 넥타이, 삼각건, 크러뱃, 목도리 crave: 간청하다, 열망하다, 필요로하다, 간절히바라다, 필요로 하다, 갈망하다 craven: 겁많은, 패배한, 비겁한, 겁나게하다, 겁쟁이, 기세를 꺾다, 비겁한 사람 crawling: 크롤링, 벼룩이 꾄, 이가 꾄 creamy: 크림색의, 크림 모양의, 크림을 함유한, 크림모양의, 반들반들하고 말랑말랑한, 크림이 많은 creator: 창조자, 조물주, 역 창조자, 하느님, 창작자, 창설자, 신, 수작자, 고안자, 천제 credence: 신용, 제구대, 신임 credible: 신용할 수 있는, 확실한, 믿을 만한 소식통에서, 신용할수있는, 신뢰할 수 있는 creditable: 명예가 되는, 칭찬할 만한, 신용할 만한, 신용할 수 있는, 명예성 credulous: 잘 믿는, 경솔히 잘 믿는데서 오는, 믿기쉬운, 속기쉬운, 경솔히 믿는 데서 오는 creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를 죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로 해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점 어긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌, 살금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다 creeper: 기는 것, 곤충, 땅볼, 탐해구, 얇은 철판, 겉옷, 비열한 사나이, 놀이옷, 아첨꾼, 비열한 사람, 파충류의동물 creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는, 기어 돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린, 근질근질한 느낌, 기기, 근질근질하는, 포복, 잠행성의, 은밀한 creole: 크리올 사람, 크리올 요리, 크리올의, 그 주에서 쓰이는 프랑스 말, 흑인, 프랑스계 이민의 자손, 크리올말, 크리올과 흑인과의 혼혈아, 서인도제도, 미국 태생의 흑인, 서인도 태생의 유럽 사람 crescent: 초승달, 초승달 모양의 기장, 차차 커지는, 초승달 모양, 초승달 모양의, 초승달 모양의 광장, 초승달기, 초승달모양의, 초승달의, 초승달꼴 롤 빵, 회교 crest: 꼭대기, 볏, 갈기, 도가머리, 물마루, 산꼭대기, 새깃 장식, 용마루, 관모, 꼭대기 장식, 머리장식 criminality: 범죄성, 범죄, 유죄, 범죄적성질, 범죄 행위 crimpy: 곱슬곱슬한, 추운, 주름진,

10 물결모양의 crimson: 진홍색의, 진홍색, 진홍색으로 하다, 진홍색이 되다, 피비린내 나는, 새빨개지다, 새빨갛게하다, 시뻘건, 물들이다 cringe: 움씰하다, 굽실거리다, 싫증이 나다, 진력나다, 알랑거리다, 아첨하다, 비굴한 태도, 굽실거림, 움츠러들다 cripple: 불구자, 발판, 위력없는 투구, 신체 장애자, 소택지, 서투른 선수, 병신으로 만들다, 병신, 절름발이, 해치다, 폐인 crippled: 무능력한, 불구의 crisp: 아삭아삭하는, 상쾌한, 파삭파삭한, 바삭바삭하게 굽다, 똑똑한, 곱슬곱슬하게 되다, 힘 있는, 새뜻한, 시원시원한, 시원한, 신선한 crooked: 부정직한, 마음이 비뚤어진, 구부러진, 기형의, 비뚤어진, 부정하게, 부정수단으로 얻은, 허리가 구부러진, 뒤틀린, 꼬부라진, 굴곡된 crosslegged: 발을 꼰 cross-legged: 발을 포갠, 책상다리를 한 crosswise: 심술궂게, 십자형으로, 거꾸로, 옆으로, 거역하여, 가로로, 가로, 엇갈리게, 열십자로, 비스듬히 crotch: 가랑이, 아귀, 손샅, 갈래, 까치발 crowning: 최고의, 더할 나위 없는, 더할나위없는, 무상의, 더할 나위 없는 것 crucible: 도가니, 가혹한 시련 crucifix: 십자 현수, 십자가, 십자가예수상, 큰시련, 모진박해, 그리수도 수난상, 그리스도 수난상, 십자 매달리기 cruise: 돌아다니다, 순항, 순항 속도로 날다, 순항하다, 삼림지를 답사하다, 만유, 경제속도로 달리다, 순향, 순양, 여자를 낚으로 다니다, 연애 상대자를 찾아다니다 cruiser: 순양함, 행락용모터보트, 순항 답사자, 만유자, 경찰 순찰차, 유람용 요트, 손님 찾아 돌아다니는 택시, 라이트 헤비급의 선수, 라이트 헤비급 crumbs: 아이쿠, 이런 crumpled: 뒤틀린, 주름살 투성이의, 쭈글쭈글한 crusade: 십자군, 성전, 개혁운동, 개혁 운동에 참여하다, 십자군에 참가하다, 개혁 운동, 숙청 운동, 박멸 운동 crutch: 협장, 까치발, 목다리, 버팀목, 샅, 여자용 안장의 등자, 당목 모양의 지팡이, 고물의 팔꿈치꼴 버팀목,

The Piazza Tales 목다리로 걷다, 크러치, 차주 cuban: 쿠바 사람, 쿠바의, 쿠바사람, 쿠바 사람의 cuddy: 작은 방, 선실겸 요리실, 작은 선실, 당나귀, 식기실, 식당겸 사교실, 얼간이, 찬장 cue: 큐, 기분, 역할, 단서, 계기, 신호, 행동을 유도하는 자극, 연주 지시 악절, 행동 개시의 지시를 주다, 실마리, 에게 신호를 주다 culminate: 완결시키다, 최고점에 달하다, 최고도에 달하다, 남중하다, 의 최후를 장식하다, 드디어..이 되다, 전성의 극에 달하다, 절정에이르다, 최고조에 달하다, 남종하다, 극점에 달하다 culprit: 형사 피고인, 범죄자, 범인, 미결수, 죄인, 피의자 cultivated: 경작된, 양식된, 세련된, 개간된, 배양된, 교양있는, 재배된, 교양 있는 cultivation: 경작, 교화, 재배, 배양, 배양균, 양성, 수양, 수련, 세련, 교양, 양식 cumbrous: 성가신, 장애가 되는, 방해되는, 컴브리아의 cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운, 노련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한, 재간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음 cupola: 둥근 지붕, 선회 포탑, 큐폴라, 둥근 지붕의 탑, 둥근 천장, 반구모양의 융기, 용선로, 반구 모양의 기관, 반구 모양의 융기, 둥근 지붕의 꼭대기 탑 curb: 구속, 억제하다, 재갈을 물리다, 정자 테, 비절후종, 장외 시장, 연석을 깔다, 연석, 재갈, 장외 시장의 중개인들, 고삐 curl: 맴돌다, 때려 눕히다, 물결치게 하다, 꼬다, 곱슬곱슬해지다, 곱슬곱슬하게 하다, 위축병, 컬링놀이를 하다, 납작하게 만들다, 컬, 고수머리 curling: 컬링, 말리기 쉬운, 말림, 위축, 머리 지지는데 쓰이는, 말려 올라감, 말아 지지기 curse: 저주하다, 월경, 저주, 재앙, 파문하다, 욕지거리하다, 천벌을 내리다, 저주의 말, 파문, 괴롭히다, 독설 cursed: 저주할, 심술궂은, 저주스러움, 심술통, 지겨운, 심사 사나운, 저부받은, 천벌받은, 지긋지긋한, 가증스러운, 저주 받은 cushion: 완충물, 쿠션, 쿠션 꼴을 한 것, 공기 쿠션, 가라앉히다, 허리띠에 대는 헝겊받침, 쿠션을 달다, 쿠션으로 받치다, 안석, 베이스, 방석 customary: 관례에 의한, 습관적인,

관습상의, 통례의, 관계집, 관례집 cutlass: 단검, 몸이 휜 단도 cutter: 재단사, 커터, 베는 도구, 베는 사람, 소형 말썰매, 소형감시선, 필름 편집자, 절단기, 재단기, 자르는사람, 감시선 cymbals: 심벌즈 cynic: 비꼬는, 비꼬는 사람, 견유학파의 사람, 빈정거리는, 빈정대는 사람, 견유학파적인, 견유학파의, 견유학파, 냉소자, 시닉학파 czar: 황제, 전제 군주, 독재자, 지도자, 제정러시아의 황제, 전제군주, 권력자, 군주, 제정 러시아의 황제 dagger: 단도, 칼표, 이중 칼표, 무서운 눈초리로 노려보다, 심한적의를 품고 dago: 남유럽인, 이탈리아, 스페인 사람 등, 포르투갈 사람, 이탈리아 사람, 스페인 사람 dainty: 우아한, 품위 있는, 성미가 까다로운, 맛좋은, 진미, 맛좋은짐미, 우미한, 까다로운, 맛있는 것 dally: 빈둥거리다, 장난치다, 헛되게 보내다, 희롱하다, 희룽거리다, 낭비하다, 빈둥빈둥 지내다 dampness: 습기, 축축함 damsel: 처녀, 소녀, 계집아이, 미혼 여성 dangerously: 몹시, 위태롭게, 위험하게 dank: 습기찬, 축축한 daring: 겁이 없는, 대담무쌍한, 대담한, 모험적인 기상, 모험적인 용기 darkly: 어둡게, 음울하게, 모호하게, 비밀히, 험악하게, 희미하게, 거무스름하게, 넌지시, 막연히, 음침하게, 은밀히 dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한, 의기 소침한, 지독히 dastardly: 비겁한, 겁약한, 못난, 비겁하게, 비열하게 daybreak: 새벽, 동틀녘 dazzling: 눈부신 deafness: 귀먹음, 귀머거리, 귀를 기울이지 않음 dearth: 부족, 기근, 결핍 debility: 쇠약 debonair: 사근사근한, 점잖고 쾌활한, 사근사근하는 것 decayed: 부식하는 decease: 사망, 사망하다, 죽은 deceit: 사기, 거짓, 허위, 거짓의, 책략, 부실 deceive: 속이다, 미혹시키다, 사기하다 deceived: 사기하는

Herman Melville decency: 예의, 체면, 점잖음, 예의 범절, 체면상, 보통의 살림에 필요한 물건, 어엿한 생활에 필요한 것, 예절 바름, 보기 흉하지 않음, 관대 decently: 친절하게, 볼썽사납지 않게, 상당히, 예의바르게, 훌륭하게, 품위 있게, 제법, 적절하게, 괜찮게, 점잖게, 품위있게 deception: 속임, 속은 상태, 야바위, 기만 수단 deceptive: 속임의, 미혹케 하는, 속이는 deceptively: 사기로, 거짓으로, 믿지 못하게 decisively: 결정적으로, 단호하게 decorous: 점잖은, 예의바른, 예의 바른 decorously: 예의바르게, 점잖게 decoy: 유인하다, 꾀어들이다, 유혹물, 미끼새, 미끼에 걸리다, 유인 못, 꾀어들이는 장치, 유혹하다, 후림새, 레이더 탐지 방해용 물체 deed: 행위, 실행, 행동, 업적, 증서 deem: 생각하다, 으로 생각하다 deep-laid: 교묘히 꾀한 deep-sea: 깊은 바다의, 원양의 defect: 결점, 결함, 부족, 결손 defense: 수비, 방위, 변명, 수비측, 변호, 방어, 종심방어, 을 지키어, 을 변호하여, 방어적인, 화를 잘 내는 deference: 복종, 경의 deferentially: 경의를 나타내게, 공손하게 deficiency: 결핍, 결함, 부족액, 부족분, 부족, 부족량 deficient: 결함 있는, 불충분한, 부족한 defile: 더럽히다, 종대로 행진하다, 종대로 시키다, 애로 deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진 defraud: 속이다, 편취하다, 속여서 빼앗다 defray: 지불하다, 부담하다 deftly: 능란하게, 솜씨가 좋게 defunct: 죽은, 소멸한, 없어져 버린 degenerate: 타락한, 퇴보한, 퇴보하다, 나빠지다, 퇴화한, 타락자 degradation: 좌천, 격하, 타락, 침식, 저하, 면직, 분해, 저락, 하락, 퇴보, 파면 degraded: 타락한, 퇴화한, 부패한, 저하한 deity: 신, 여신, 신성, 하느님, 신위, 신적 존재 dejection: 낙담, 실의, 우울, 배설물 delicacy: 섬세함, 정교, 우미, 연약함, 우아, 솜씨있음, 고움, 맛있는 음식, 날씬함, 동정심, 섬세 delirious: 황홀한, 무아경의, 정신

착란의, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를 하는 deluge: 대홍수, 에 쇄도하다, 큰비, 범람시키다, 쇄도, 쇄도-범람시키다 delusion: 착각, 속임, 미망, 미혹, 현혹, 매혹 delusive: 기만적인, 망상적인, 믿을 수 없는, 착각하게하는, 현혹적인, 그릇된 demeanor: 태도, 행동, 행실 demented: 미친, 정신 착란의, 치매가 된 demoniac: 악마와 같은, 악마의, 미친 듯한, 귀신들린 듯한, 미친 듯한귀신들린 듯한 demur: 이의를 말하다, 항변하다, 반대하다, 이의 den: 굴, 소굴, 작고 아늑한 사실, 밀실, 사실, 유년단의 분대 densely: 짙게, 치밀하게, 조밀하게, 아둔하게, 빽빽이, 밀집하여, 빽빽하게 depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다 departed: 죽은, 과거의, 고인, 지나간, 죽은사람 depict: 묘사하다, 서술하다 deplore: 비탄하다 deploy: 전개시키다, 전개하다, 배치, 전개 deponent: 수동형의, 선서 증인, 이태 동사, 이태의 deportment: 태도, 행실, 처신, 품행, 행동, 행동 거지, 행동거지, 거동 deposition: 퇴위, 면직, 증언, 선서 증언, 선서 증서, 내려놓기, 관직박탈, 공탁, 조서 depravity: 타락, 비행, 악행 deprecatory: 반대의, 변명적인, 변명하는, 불찬성의, 비난의, 사과하는 depress: 저하시키다, 약화시키다, 풀이 죽게 만들다, 내리 누르다, 쇠약하게 하다, 우울하게 하다, 기를 꺾다, 내리누르다 deranged: 혼란된, 미친 descend: 내려가다, 타락하다, 내리다, 급승하다, 전해지다, 축소하다, 지평선 쪽으로 움직이다, 습격하다, 내리받이가 되다, 남 쪽으로 움직이다, 계통을 잇다 descended: 유래한, 전해진 descending: 내려가는, 강하하는, 하향의 deserts: 당연한 응보 deserving: 받을 가치가 있는, 보상받을 만한, 원조 받을 만한 deshabille: 약장 designation: 지정, 명칭, 임명, 명시 desirous: 원하는, 바라는

11 desist: 그만두다, 단념하다 desolate: 황량한, 황폐케하다, 황폐한, 음산한, 고독한, 사람이 안 사는, 시람이 안 사는, 쓸쓸한, 내버려진 desolation: 쓸쓸함, 황폐, 황량, 서글픔, 페허, 폐허, 서글품, 황폐케함 despairing: 절망적인, 필사의, 자포자기한 desperation: 절망, 자포자기, 기를 씀, 필사 despondency: 낙담 despotic: 횡포한, 포악한, 독재적인, 전제적인 destined: 예정된, 운명지어진, 향하는 detached: 떨어진, 분견된, 공평한, 분리된, 초연한 detained: 유치하는, 감금하는, 구류하는 detest: 미워하다, 싫어하다, 혐오하다 devilish: 극도의, 악마같은, 극악무도한, 지독한, 악마 같은 devise: 궁리하다, 안출하다, 유증하다, 유증, 유증하다-유증, 부동산 유증, 고안하다 devotions: 기도 devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, 개걸스럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 개걸스럽게먹다, 이성을 빼앗다, 게걸스레 먹다 dew: 이슬이 내리다, 이슬방울, 이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내리다이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내린다, 이슬, 신선함, 이슬로 젖다 diabolical: 악마의, 극악무도한, 악마적인, 악마 같은 diagonal: 대각선의, 비낀, 능직, 사선, 비스듬한, 비스듬하게, 능직의, 대각선 dial: 다이얼, 전화를 걸다, 문자반, 다이얼을 도리다, 지침반-다이얼을 도리다, 지침반, 낯, 다이얼로 계량하다, 다이얼로 표시하다, 다이얼을 돌리다, 파장에 맞추다 dictate: 지령, 받아쓰게하다, 명령, 명령하다, 명령하다-명령, 지령하다, 지시하다, 구술하다, 글을 받아쓰게 하다 dictatorship: 독재정권, 독재권, 절대권 diffident: 자신없는, 암띰, 망설임, 수줍은, 자신없음, 자신 없는 digestion: 소화, 소화 작용, 소화제 dight: 차리다, 갖추다, 꾸미다, 수선하다, 정리하다, 준비하다 dignified: 고귀한, 위험 있는, 위엄 있는 diligence: 부지런함, 근면, 승합마차,

12 근민, 합승 마차 diligently: 부지런히, 애써, 근면하게, 부지런하게, 열심히 dime: 단돈 한 닢의, 십센트 경화, 십센트 경화의, 단돈 한 닢 dimly: 희미하게, 어둑하게, 어스레하게, 어슴푸레하게, 어렴풋이, 아련히 din: 소음, 뇌고 되뇌이다, 소음이 나다, 소음으로 멍멍하게 하다, 귀를 멍멍하게 하다, 울리다 dine: 정찬을 들다, 식사를 하다, 식사할 수 있다, 만찬을 대접하다, 정찬을 먹다, 정찬을 대접하다 dip: 담그다, 살충액에 담그어 씻다, 살짝 적시다, 적시다, 잠시 내렸다 올리다, 어리석은 사람, 양초, 순간적 강하, 소매치기, 물건을 건지려고 손을 쑥 넣다, 살짝 잠기다 dire: 극도의, 긴급한, 무서운, 무서은, 긴박한 dirge: 만가, 애도가 disarming: 가시게 하는, 경계심을풀게하는, 천진한, 흥분을 가라앉히는 disarray: 난잡, 벌거벗기다, 흐트러지다, 옷을 벗기다, 어지럽히다, 혼란 disclose: 털어놓다, 노출시키다, 나타내다, 발표하다, 폭로하다, 드러내다 discomposure: 불안, 낭패, 당황, 마음의 동요 disconcerted: 당혹한, 당황한 discontent: 불만, 불만을 품게하다, 불만의 원인, 불만이 있는, 불평이 있는 discord: 불일치, 불협화음, 일치하지 않다, 불화하다, 부조화, 불화, 협화하지 않다 discourteously: 버릇없게, 무례하게, 실례되게 discourtesy: 무례, 무례한 언행, 버릇없음 discoverable: 눈에 보이는, 발견할 수 있는 discoverer: 발견자, 미국 공군의 인공 위성 discrepancy: 모순, 불일치, 어긋남, 상위 disdain: 경멸, 경멸하다, 경멸하다경멸적인, 경멸적인, 경멸감, 할 가치가 없다고 생각하다 disdainful: 거만한, 경멸적인, 거드름 부리는 diseased: 병적인, 병의, 병에 걸린 disengaged: 약속이 없는, 한가한, 자유로운, 풀린, 예약이 없는 disgraceful: 수치스러운, 욕된

The Piazza Tales disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈, 변장하다, 구실, 거짓 꾸미다, 가장복, 변장, 감추다-변장, 감추다, 변장시키다, 변신 disguised: 속임수의, 술취한, 변장한 dishonor: 불명예, 치욕, 치욕을 주다, 부도, 경멸, 이름을 더럽히다, 치욕을 주다-이름을 더럽히다, 인수거절, 지불거절, 정조를 범하다, 의 명예를 손상시키다 disinterested: 공평한, 사심이 없는, 무관심한, 무관심, 사심 없는, 흥미 없는 disinterestedness: 무관심, 사심 disinterment: 발굴 disjointed: 관절이 삔, 흐트러진 dismal: 쓸쓸한, 음침한, 무시무시한, 참담한, 어두운, 비참한 dismission: 해산, 면직, 해고, 해방, 추방, 기각, 각하 dismount: 내리다, 분해하다, 떼어내다, 말에서 떨어뜨리다, 아래로 내려 놓다, 틀에서 빼내다, 내리게 하다 disordered: 혼란된, 병에 걸린, 고장난 disorderly: 무질서한, 난잡한, 난폭한, 어수서한, 어수선한, 공안방해의 disown: 의절하다, 부인하다, 자기 것이 아니라고 말하다 dispassionate: 공평한, 냉정한, 감정적이 아닌 dispatch: 발송, 급파하다, 재빨리 처리하다, 해치우다, 급송, 급송하다, 습파, 재빨리 해치우다, 특파하다, 신속, 운송 대리점 dispel: 쫓아 버리다, 홑뜨리다, 흩뜨리다, 쫓아버리다 dispensation: 분배, 하늘의 뜻, 섭리, 시여, 하늘이 준 것, 천계법 시대, 통치, 하늘이 내리는 것, 처리, 조제, 없는 대로 견딤 dispense: 조제하다, 특면하다, 면제하다, 분배하다, 실시하다, 시여 하다, 분배 하다 displace: 바꾸어 놓다, 면직하다, 이동시키다, 대치하다, 대신 들어서다, 배수량을 가지다, 해임하다, 치환하다 displeased: 화난 displeasure: 불쾌 disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할 생각이 있는 disposition: 성질, 처리, 배치, 성향, 처분, 배열 disqualified: 자격을 잃은, 실격이 된 disquietude: 불안한 상태, 동요, 걱정, 불온, 불안 disrelish: 혐오하다, 혐오, 싫음,

싫어하다 disrepair: 파손, 파손 상태 disservice: 학대, 박해, 위해, 해 dissipate: 낭비하다, 흩뜨리다, 방탕하다, 사라지다, 몰아대다, 몰아내다, 방산하다, 흩어져 없어지다, 난봉부리다, 탕진하다 dissipated: 방탕한, 낭비된, 난봉부리는, 난봉피우는 dissipation: 낭비, 소산, 방탕, 난봉, 소실, 기분전환, 산재 dissonant: 불협화의, 귀에 거슬리는, 조화되지 않은 dissuasive: 말리는, 말리기 위한, 마음을 돌리게 하는 distorted: 뒤틀린, 일그러진, 곱새긴, 비뚤어진 distressed: 피로한, 궁핍한, 구유핍한, 투매의, 고민하는 distressing: 비참한, 괴롭히는, 괴로움을 주는 distribute: 분배하다, 분류하다, 분포하다, 확충하다, 주연하다, 배급하다, 확충시키다, 살포하다, 주연시키다, 해판하다 distrust: 불신, 의혹, 의심하다 distrustful: 의심스러운, 의심 많은, 선용치 않는 divers: 약간의, 여러가지의, 몇 개의 diversified: 다각적인, 변화가 많은, 다양한, 변화많은, 여러 가지의, 다채로운 dives: 부자 divining: 점 divulge: 폭로하다, 비밀을 누설하다, 비밀을누설하다, 누설하다 docile: 가르치기쉬운, 유순한, 온순한 docility: 온순, 유순, 다루기 쉬움 doddered: 웃동이 떨어져 없는, 가지끝이 말라 떨어진, 늙어빠진, 가지끝이 떨어져 없는 dodge: 속임수, 속이다, 살짝숨다, 다지, 말을 둘러대다, 묘안팅삥, 묘안, 몸을돌려피함, 홱몸을피하다, 홱 몸을 피하다, 가 doe: 암컷, 암사슴 doff: 벗다, 버리다 doggerel: 서투른, 빈약한, 서투른시, 우스꽝스러운, 광시 doleful: 슬픔엘 잠긴, 음침한, 서글픈 dolorous: 슬픈 dolphin: 돌고래, 돌고래무늬, 계선 말뚝, 돌고래자리 dome: 둥근꼭대기, 둥근천정, 반구형의것, 머리, 둥근 천장, 둥근 지붕 모양의 물건, 비면, 웅장한 건물 dominating: 통치의, 지배의, 권세의 dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권, 소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력,

Herman Melville 천사의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권 domino: 도미노패, 후드가 붙은 겉옷, 도미노 놀이, 후드가붙은겉옷, 무도회용가면, 무도회용 가면, 도미노놀이, 각설탕, 도미노 가장복, 도미노 패, 하나가 쓰리지면 연달아 쓰러지는 것 donkey: 당나귀, 고집통이, 멍텅구리, 바보, 보조 엔진 doom: 운명짓다, 운명, 선고하다, 죽음, 파멸, 최후의 심판, 재판, 판정하다, 법령 doorsill: 문지방 dormitory: 기숙사, 교외택지, 교외 주택지 dote: 노망들다, 맹목적으로 사랑하다, 익애하다, 망령들다 doth: 현재형, 직설법 doting: 맹목적으로 사랑하는, 노망한, 사랑에 빠진, 애지중지하는, 망령든, 지나치게 귀여워하는 doubly: 두 곱으로, 이중으로, 일구이언으로, 두 배로 downcast: 풀이죽은, 파멸, 풀죽은 모습, 눈을 내리뜬, 풀죽은모습, 눈을내리뜬, 고개를숙인, 고개를 숙인, 내리뜬 downright: 솔직한, 철저히, 아주, 완전한, 명확한, 곧은, 철저한 downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는, 이후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한, 내리받이의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의, 쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한 downy: 교활한, 솜털의, 솜같은, 마음 놓을 수 없는, 솜털 갈은, 언덕이 많은 dragging: 질질 끄는, 오래 걸리는, 질질 끄는 것, 오래 걸리는 것 dram: 한잔, 미량, 드램, 팔의 하나 액량 온스, 적은 양, 음주, 십육의 하나 상용온스 dread: 공포, 두려움, 두려워하다, 걱정하다, 격정하다, 무서운 물건, 무서운 사람 dreadfully: 무섭게, 겁에 질려, 무시무시하게 dreamy: 공상적인, 어렴풋한, 꿈결같은, 꿈꾸는 듯한, 꿈 많은, 꿈같은 drearily: 쓸쓸하게, 적막하게, 음울하게, 황량하게 dreary: 울적한, 쓸쓸한, 지루한, 처량한, 음울한, 황량한 drilling: 교련, 훈련, 연습, 송곳질, 조파법, 구멍 뚫기, 송곳밥, 천공, 능직의 튼튼한 무명 drinker: 술꾼, 마시는 사람, 급수기 dripping: 흠뻑 젖은, 적하, 적하 듣는 것, 물방울 똑똑 떨어지는, 뚝뚝

떨어짐, 들음 dross: 쇠똥, 찌끼, 부스러기, 쓸모 없는 것 drought: 가뭄, 한발, 건조 drown: 잊어버리다, 달래다, 물에 빠지다, 물에빠뜨리다, 들리지않게하다, 물에 빠뜨리다, 흠뻑젖게하다, 흠뻑 젖게하다, 물에빠지다, 들리지 않게하다, 잊게 하다 drowned: 물에 빠져 죽은, 에 빠진, 몰두하고 있는 drowning: 물에 빠져 있는, 이해할 수 없는, 혼란한 drowsy: 졸린, 졸음오게하는, 조는 듯한, 나른한, 졸리는 drubbing: 몽둥이로 때림, 구타, 두들김, 대패시킴, 주입, 쳐부숨 drudge: 꾸준히하다, 뼈빠지게하다, 꾸준히 하다 drunkenness: 술취함, 명정의 dubious: 불명한, 미정의, 의심스러운, 수상한, 불안한, 미덥지 않은, 모호한, 수상쩍은, 의심을 품은 duel: 결투, 결투하다, 투쟁 dully: 둔하게, 멍청하게, 느리게, 지루하게, 활발치 못하게, 느럭느럭 dun: 독촉장, 성화같이 독촉하다, 어둠침침한, 암갈색으로하다, 성화같이독촉하다, 암갈색으로 하다, 암갈색의, 암갈색 말, 암갈색, 밤색말, 거무스름한 파리낚시의 털바늘 duplicity: 이심, 표리부동, 불성실, 이중성, 이랬다 저랬다 두 말을 함 dusk: 땅거미, 그늘, 어스레한, 황혼, 거무스름한, 어둑해지다, 어스름, 음울한, 어둑하게 하다 dusky: 거무스름한, 어스레한, 음울한 dutifully: 충실하게, 공손하게, 성실하게 dwell: 살다, 거주하다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 천천히발음하다, 천천히 발음하다, 길게논하다, 곰곰이생각하다, 길게 논하다, 머무르다, 발을 올리는 것이 더디다 dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처 dyspeptic: 소화불량의, 소화불량인 사람, 우울하고 화를 잘내는, 우울한 소화불량인 사람, 위병에 걸린, 소화 불량의 eagerly: 열심히, 간절히, 열망하여 eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심 earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심, 중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한성실, 엄숙한, 계약금 earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로, 진심으로, 열심히 earthen: 흙의, 흙으로 만든, 오지로 만든, 흙으로만든, 오지로만든

13 earthly: 지구의, 세속의, 속세의, 도대체, 전혀, 이 세상의, 지상의 earthquake: 지진, 대변동 earthy: 흙의, 야비한, 흙같은, 하치의, 세속의, 거친, 땅의, 지상의 eats: 먹을것, 음식물 eaves: 처마 ebon: 흑단 흑단의, 칠흙의, 흑단으로 만든 eccentric: 편심적인, 편심륜, 편심의, 별난, 편심론, 별난사람, 괴짜, 괴짜의-괴짜, 괴짜의, 이심원, 편심기 eccentricity: 별남, 괴벽, 이심률, 기행, 남다름 eddy: 소용돌이, 소용돌이치게 하다, 소용돌이치다 edged: 날이 있는, 통렬한, 거나하게 취한, 가장자리가 있는 edgeways: 날을 밖으로 대고, 언저리를 따라, 끝에, 끝과 끝을 맞대고, 끝을 밖으로 대고, 가장자리를 밖으로 대고 edible: 먹을수있는, 식료품, 먹을 수 있는 edifice: 건물, 체계, 조직, 구성물 effectual: 효과적인, 유력한, 유효한 efficacy: 효력, 효능 effrontery: 뻔뻔스러움, 뻔뻔스런 행위 effulgence: 광휘, 광채, 눈부심 eightieth: 제 80 의, 제 팔십 의, 제 팔십 elapse: 경과하다 elated: 의기 양양한심명이 난, 의기 양양한 eld: 노년, 옛날, 나이, 연령, 노인 elegance: 우아, 고상함, 과학적인 정밀성, 단아, 우미, 우아한 말씨, 고상한 것, 과학적인 정밀함, 우아한 것, 정밀함, 고상 elephantine: 코끼리의, 거대한, 느린, 볼품없는 elevated: 고상한, 높은, 쾌활한, 거나한, 의기 양양한, 한잔하여 기분이 좋은 elevation: 올리는일, 고상, 기품, 승진, 입면, 향상, 공중의 순간 정지, 고상하게 함, 앙각, 입면도, 높임 elicit: 끌어내다, 도출하다 elm: 느릅나무 eloquence: 웅변, 웅변술, 웅변법, 유창한 이야기, 유창한 화술 elucidate: 밝히다, 설명하다, 명료하게 하다 elysium: 극락, 이상향, 낙토, 지상의 행복, 엘뤼시온 embodied: 형태를 부여하는, 구체화하는, 포함하는, 합체시키는

14 embossed: 양각으로 새긴, 양각으로 무늬를 넣은, 부조 세공을 한, 눌러서 도드라지게 한, 돋을새김의 emigrant: 이주하는, 이민, 이주성의, 이민의 emphatic: 두드러진, 절대적인, 어세가강한, 강조한, 단호한, 어조가 강한, 강조된 emphatically: 강하게, 단호히, 전혀 emptiness: 무지, 덧없음, 공허, 공복, 무의미, 공, 빈 곳, 텅 빔, 빔, 무가치 enact: 제정하다, 법률화하다, 역을 하다, 법류화하다, 의 역을하다, 상연하다 enacting: 제정의 enchanter: 마법사, 매력있는 사람, 매혹시키는 사람, 매혹하는 사람, 요술쟁이, 매력 있는 사람 enchantment: 매혹, 마법, 매혹하는 것, 마법에 걸린 상태, 마법을 걸기 endangered: 멸종될 지경에 이른 endeavor: 노력하다, 하려고 노력하다, 노력, 시도하다 endurance: 인내, 내구성, 지구력 endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다, 겪다, 인내하다, 받다, 받다-인내하다, 허용하다 energetic: 정력적인, 원기왕성한 enigmatic: 수수께끼의, 수수께끼같은, 불가사의한, 불가해한, 알기 어려운, 정체 모를, 정체모를, 수수께끼 같은 enigmatical: 불가해한, 수수께끼 같은, 정체 모를 enlarged: 넓어지는, 상세하게 설명하는, 석방하는, 크게 하는, 확장하는 enlightened: 계몽된, 밝은, 개화된, 견식 있는, 계발된, 문명의, 문명화한, 진보한, 훤히 통달한 enlist: 협력하다, 병적에넣다, 입대하다, 병적에 편입하다, 의 찬조를 얻다, 의 협력을 얻다, 징병에 응하다, 참가하다, 의 지지를 얻다 enlisted: 사병에 관한, 사병의 enraged: 성나게 하는, 화나게 하는 ensign: 기수, 국기, 군기, 기장, 기 ensue: 계속해서일어나다, 을 찾다, 뒤이어 일어 나다, 의 결과로서 일어나다, 을 구하다 ensuing: 다음의, 뒤이어 일어나는, 결과로서 따르는, 뒤이은 entangled: 뒤얽히게 하는, 분규를 일으키게 하는, 빠뜨리는 enterprising: 기업심이왕성한, 모험적인, 기업적인, 진취적인 entertain: 대접하다, 품다, 즐겁게하다, 유쾌한, 재미있는, 즐겁게 하다, 간직하다, 호의로써 받아들이다, 환대하다

The Piazza Tales enthrall: 노예로 하다, 사로잡다, 매혹하다, 마음을 빼앗다 entice: 꾀다, 유혹하다, 미끼, 유혹 entreat: 탄원하다, 간절히부탁하다, 간청하다, 취급하다 entreating: 간청의 탄원의, 간청의 entrenched: 자기 몸을 지키는, 참호로 에워싸는, 참호를 파는 envoy: 결구, 사절, 전권공사, 공사, 시의 결구, 외교관, 특히 전권 공사 envy: 부러워하다, 시기하다, 부러움, 신망, 질투, 선망의 대상 epitaph: 비명, 비명체의 시문, 비문, 비명체의 시 equator: 적도, 주야 평분선, 균분원 equatorial: 적도의, 매우 무더운 equivocal: 의심스러운, 두가지 뜻으로 해석될 수 있는, 명백하지 않은, 모호한, 확실치 않은, 미심스러운, 두 가지 뜻으로 해석되는 equivocally: 다의적으로, 애매하게, 어정쩡하게, 의심스럽게 ere: 하기 전에, 오히려 erect: 건립하다, 꼿꼿이 세우다, 꼿꼿이선, 똑바로 선, 세우다, 승격시키다, 서다, 조립하다, 직립시키다, 창설하다, 곤두서서 erection: 발기, 직립, 설립, 건립, 건물, 건설, 조립, 건설물 erie: 미국북동부의오대호의하나 err: 잘못하다, 죄를 범하다, 그르치다 errand: 심부름, 볼일, 사명, 심부름의 내용, 내용 erroneous: 잘못된, 틀린 eruption: 발진, 분화, 폭발, 분출, 돌발, 이가 남 escort: 호위자, 호위하다, 호위, 호송, 호송하다, 남성 동반자, 호위대, 경호하다, 동행하다 espy: 발견하다, 알아채다, 찾아내다 esthetic: 심미의, 미학의, 미의 estimation: 견적, 판단, 존중, 평가, 의견, 개산, 가치의 판단 eternity: 영원, 내세, 영구, 영원한 진실, 영원한 진리, 오래 시간, 영원의 세계, 영원한 존재 evanescent: 덧없는, 무한소의, 사라져 가는, 순간의, 지극히 미미한, 곧 시들어 떨어지는, 섬세한, 사라지는 evaporate: 증발하다, 증발시키다, 김을 내다, 사라져 없어지다, 사라지다, 소산시키다, 죽다 evergreen: 상록의, 영겹, 상록수, 상록수-영원, 영원, 언제까지나 신선한 것, 상록수의 가지 everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는, 변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥,

영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사 evermore: 항상, 언제나, 영구히, 영원히 evilly: 악하게, 융악하게, 불쾌하게, 나쁘게, 간악하게 evince: 나타내다, 명시하다 evoke: 환기하다, 불러일으키다, 이송하다, 불러내다, 일깨우다 exasperating: 분통이 터지는, 분통 터지는, 화가 나는, 화나는 exceeding: 대단한, 굉장한, 엄청난, 과도한 exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우, 굉장히 excepting: 말고는, 을 제외하면, 을 빼고, -을 빼고, 을 제외하고 exclamation: 감탄, 외침, 감탄사, 감탄부호, 절규 execrable: 몹시 싫은, 귀찮은, 밉살스러운, 저주할 exempt: 면제된, 면제하다, 면제자, 면제받은 사람, 면역의 exert: 미치다, 활동시키다, 내다, 끼치다, 발휘하다, 쓰다 exertion: 노력, 진력, 발위, 행사 exhaustion: 피로, 고갈, 소모, 배출, 철저한 연구, 철저한 검토, 다 써버림, 배기 exhilarated: 명랑한, 기분이 들뜬, 의 기분을 들뜨게 하는 exhilarating: 유쾌하게 만드는, 유쾌한 expectancy: 기대, 가망, 대망, 예기, 예상 expeditious: 신속한, 날쌘, 급속한 expertly: 잘, 교묘하게, 능숙하게 expiration: 만료, 만기, 날숨, 종결, 죽음, 숨을 내쉼 expire: 만기가 되다, 끝나다, 내쉬다, 숨을 내쉬다, 뿜어 내다, 죽다, 숨을 거두다 explode: 격발하다, 폭발하다, 타파하다, 폭발시키다, 논파하다, 푹발시키다, 폭발적으로 증가하다, 파열하다, 파열음으로 발음하다, 파열음으로 발음이 나다, 파열시키다 exploded: 기계를 분해하여 부품의 상호 관계를 나타내는, 논파된, 폭발한 explorer: 탐험가, 인공위성이름, 탐구자, 탐침, 인공 위성, 탐구 하는 사람 explosive: 파열음, 폭약, 폭발성의, 파열음의, 격정적인, 폭발물, 폭발의, 다이너마이트, 폭발적인, 화약 expose: 쐬다, 폭로하다, 노출하다, 집밖에 내버리다, 적발하다, 진열하다, 폭로, 적발, 접하게 하다,

Herman Melville 버리다, 보이다 expressive: 표정이 풍부한, 표현의, 표현하는, 의미 심장한, 표현이 풍부한, 나타내는, 표현적인 exquisite: 절묘한, 정교한, 예민한, 멋쟁이 남자, 우미한, 우아한, 더할나위 없는, 깊은, 취미가 까다로운 사람, 취미가까다로운사람, 아주 아름다운 exterior: 외부의, 외면의, 외부, 외면, 외관, 옥외 풍경, 대외적인, 외모, 외관상의, 관계 없는 extinct: 꺼진, 끊어진, 사멸한, 폐지된, 단절된 extremes: 양극단을 이룬 사물, 극단적인 수단, 과격한수단 extremities: 앞끝, 최후, 사지, 극도, 극단책, 말단 extremity: 말단, 수족, 선단, 곤경, 비상수단, 끝, 극한, 극단, 극도, 극단책, 앞끝 exude: 발산시키다, 발산하다, 배어나오게 하다, 배어나오다, 스며나오게 하다, 스며나오다 eyed: 눈구멍이 달린, 눈 모양의 얼룩이 있는, 눈을 한 fable: 전설, 우화, 신화, 거짓말하다, 우화를 이야기하다, 꾸며낸 이야기, 줄거리, 지어낸 이야기, 꾸며낸 이야기를 하다, 꾸며내다, 꾸민 이야기 fabulous: 전설적인, 믿어지지 않는, 전설상의, 굉장한, 매우 훌륭한, 비사실적인, 우화적인, 믿기 어려운, 터무니 없는, 거짓말 같은 fading: 페이딩 fag-end: 도려낸 끝 조각, 토끝 fain: 기꺼이, 하고 싶어하는, 쾌히, 하기를 바라는, 하고싶은, 이고싶은, 부득이, 기꺼이 하는, 기꺼이..하는 fainting: 기절, 실신, 졸도, 졸도하는, 기철의, 의기소침 faintness: 기절, 미약, 실신, 희미한, 희미함, 연약함, 약함, 심약함, 가냘픔, 어렴풋함 faints: 약하고 불순한 알코올, 불순한 알코올 faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히 faithless: 불성실한, 신심없는, 믿을수 없는, 믿지 못할, 부정한, 신앙이 없는, 신의가 없는 faltering: 비틀거리는, 말을 더듬거리는, 주저하는 familiarity: 친교, 친함, 허울없음, 친숙함, 친밀, 무엄한, 무간함, 치근치근함, 익히 앎, 임의로움, 스스럼 없음 familiarly: 친하게, 무람없이, 무엄하게, 정답게, 허물없이

famously: 유명하게, 소문나게, 굉장하게, 뛰어나게 fanciful: 공상의, 변덕스런, 기발한, 기상 천외한, 공상에 잠기는 farewell: 안녕, 고별, 작별의 인사, 작별의인사, 작별 인사를 하다, 작별 far-off: 아득히 먼 farther: 더먼, 좀더, 그위에, 더욱더, 더멀리, 더욱이, 더 앞선, 더 멀리, 더 먼, 더 뒤의, 더 나중의 fastening: 죔, 잠그기, 닫음, 붙임, 잠그는 도구, 잠금, 채우는기구, 고정시키기 fastidiously: 괴팍스럽게, 까다롭게 fatality: 참사, 숙명, 죽음, 불운, 재난, 치사성, 필연설, 불행, 인연, 운명, 숙명론 fated: 숙명적인, 저주받은, 운명 지워진, 운명이 정해진 fatherless: 아버지가 없는, 작자 미상의, 아버지를 알 수 없는 fathom: 길, 헤아리다, 수심을 재다, 추측하다, 수심을 측정하다, 이해 fatigue: 피로, 약화시키다, 사역, 노역, 금속의약화, 지치게 하다, 작업복, 노동, 약화, 작업 faulty: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 결점이 있는 favor: 호의를 보이다, 호의, 찬성 찬성하다, 부탁, 각별히 보아주다, 애호, 편애하다, 편애, 친절한 행위, 즐겨 착용하다, 즐겨 입다 favorable: 유리한, 유망한, 호의적인, 호의를 보이는 favored: 혜택을 받고 있는, 호감을 사고 있는, 호의를 사고 있는 favorite: 마음에 드는 좋아하는 물건, 특히 좋아하는 물건, 특히 잘하는, 인기 있는 말, 마음에 드는, 좋아하는 사람 favorites: 즐겨찾기 fawn: 엷은 황갈색의, 새끼사슴, 아첨하다, 재롱떨다, 해롱거리다, 엷은 황갈색, 새끼를 낳다, 아양떨다 fearful: 무서운, 지독한, 걱정하여, 두려워하여, 신을 두려워하는, 두려워, 심한 fearless: 무서워하지 않는, 겁 없는, 무서워하지 않은, 두려움을 모르는, 대담무쌍한, 대담 무쌍한 fearlessness: 대담, 용기 feather: 깃털, 깃털이 나다, 날개처럼 움직이다, 깃으로 장식하다, 깃털 같이 난 털, 상태, 조류, 종류, 페더링, 항적, 살깃 featureless: 평범한, 특색이 없는, 특색 없는, 가격 변동이 없는, 아무 재미 없는 febrile: 열병의, 발열의

15 feeble: 약한, 연약한, 희미한, 의지가 박약한 feline: 고양이 같은, 고양이과의 동물, 고양이과의, 고양이속의 felix: 남자 이름 fellowship: 단체, 친교, 특별연구원의 지위, 친구, 조합, 우정, 교우, 대학의 특별 연구원의 지위, 대학의 특별 연구원의 연구비, 친구간임, 같이하기 felony: 중죄 fencing: 담의 재료, 펜싱, 겁술, 장물 매매, 울타리의 재료, 교묘히 받아넘기기 fern: 양치류 ferocious: 사나운, 잔인한, 흉악한, 지독한 ferryman: 도선업자, 나룻배 사공, 나룻배사공, 나룻배 업자 fertilizing: 수정시키는, 풍부하게 하는, 비옥하게 하는 fervently: 뜨겁게, 열렬하게, 열심히 fervid: 타오르는 듯한 fetching: 사람의 눈을 끄는, 매혹하는 feverish: 열병이 많은, 열광적인, 열이 있는, 열병의, 열띤, 열병이 유행하는 feverishly: 불안정하게, 열광적으로, 열나게 fickle: 변덕스러운, 변하기 쉬운 fictitious: 거짓의, 의제의, 가공의, 창작적인 fidelity: 충실도, 충실, 엄수, 정확함, 성실, 원 물건과 꼭같음, 정절 fidgety: 안절부절 못하는, 안달하는, 까다로운, 불안한, 조바심하는 fie: 체, 에잇 fiery: 불의, 염증을 일으킨, 불빛의, 불같은, 불타고있는, 격하기 쉬운, 작열하는, 열렬한, 얼얼한, 인화하기 쉬운, 폭발하기 쉬운 filed: 선청하는, 제기하는, 더럽히는, 도야하는, 전송하는, 줄로 자르는, 철하는, 열을 지어 행진하는 filial: 자식으로서의, 자식의, 잡종세대의 fin: 손, 지느러미, 팔, 발갈퀴, 지느러미 모양의 기관, 오달러짜리지폐, 국제 아마추어 수영 연맹, 주형의 지느러미 모양으로 돌출한 부분, 물갈퀴, 수직 안정판 finely: 훌륭하게, 아름답게, 정교하게, 미세하게, 잘게, 곱게, 가늘게, 멋지게, 세밀하게 finny: 지느러미있는 firing: 발포, 점화, 발사, 불에 쬠, 불을 땜, 해고, 연료, 석탄, 발화, 땔감, 구워내기

16 fishery: 어업권, 어장, 어업, 수산 회사, 수산학 fitful: 발작적인, 단속적인, 변덕이 심한, 변하기 쉬운, 일정치 않은 fitfully: 발작적으로, 변덕스럽게 fitly: 적당하게, 알맞게, 시기에 맞게, 꼭 맞게, 적당히, 적절히, 정연하게 fixture: 정착물, 공작물, 오래 앉아 있는 사람, 비품, 정기 대부금, 부동산 정착물, 늘붙어 있는 사람, 늘붙어 오래 있는 사람, 고정물, 대회 flagitious: 극악 무도한, 파렴치한, 흉악한, 악명높은, 무법한, 극악무도한 flake: 박편이 되다, 얇은조각, 물고기 말리는 덕, 저장 시렁, 매우 특이한 개성을 가진 선수, 얇은 조각, 엷은 조각으로 덮다, 매우 특이한 개성을 가진 사람, 저장 선반, 엷은 조각으로 하다, 체포 flank: 측면, 측면을지키다, 옆구리, 구리, 부대의측면, 부대의 측면, 측면의, 의 측면에 서다, 측면에 위치하다, 측면을 공격하다 flatly: 평평하게, 단조롭게, 단호하게, 단호히, 쌀쌀맞게, 활기없이, 활기 없이, 거침없이, 펀펀하게, 사정없이, 맥이 빠져서 flatter: 아첨하다, 알랑거리다, 기쁘게 하다, 실물보다 좋게 그리다, 우쭐케하다, 우쭐해지다, 즐겁게 하다, 실물 이상으로 좋게 나타내다, 우쭐하게 하다 flattering: 아첨하는, 유망한, 실물보다 좋게 보이는, 알랑거리는, 빌붙는, 비위 맞추는, 기쁘게 하는, 발림말하는 flavoring: 맛내기, 양념, 조미, 조미료 flaw: 돌풍, 금, 결점, 흠, 흠집을 내다, 한차례의 폭풍, 금가다, 질풍, 잠시 동안의 폭풍우 flee: 도망하다, 사라지다, 질주하다, 달아나다, 도망치다, 급속히 경과하다, 서두르다, 급속히 지나가다 fleece: 털을 깎다, 양털 모양의 것, 양털, 한 마리에서 한번 깎는 양털, 보풀이 보드라운 피륙, 양털 모양의 것으로 덮다, 빼앗다 flighty: 들뜬, 머리가 좀 돈 flitting: 훨훨 나는, 이사 flock: 신도, 모이다, 무리짓다, 무리, 군중, 떼지어 오다, 떼, 털 부스러기를 채우다, 털솜부스러기, 한뭉치의 양털, 털뭉치 florentine: 피렌체 사람, 능견의 일종, 피렌체의 시의, 피렌체의 florid: 화려한, 혈색이 좋은, 불그레한, 현란한, 불그스름한

The Piazza Tales flourishing: 번영하는, 무성하는, 융성하는, 무성한, 융성한, 무성하는 것 flume: 물받이, 홈통, 용수로, 좁은 계류, 골짜기, 홈통을 놓다, 도랑으로 끌다 flurried: 혼란한, 당황한, 동요한 flushing: 수세, 수세식 flute: 플루트, 피리, 세로골, 피리같은 음을 내다, 플루트를 불다, 피리 같은 소리로 노래하다, 세로 홈, 피리 모양의 것, 가늘고 긴 프랑스 빵, 피리 음전, 홈 같은 주름 fluttering: 펄럭이다 flyaway: 바람에 나부끼는, 경솔한 사람, 도주자, 비행 준비가 된, 헐렁하게 입은, 언제든 공수할 수 있는, 마음이 들뜬, 언제든 비행 할 수 있는, 육지의 신기루, 들뜬 foam: 거품, 바다, 거품을 일게 하다, 거품을 내뿜다, 거품이 일다, 거품을 내뿜으며 화내다, 거품을 일으키며 흘러가다, 거품을 일으키며 흘러들다, 거품이 인 땀, 거품 이는 바다, 구슬땀을 흘리다 foe: 적, 적군, 원수, 상대 folding: 접는, 접을 수 있는, 저게된 foliage: 잎, 잎장식, 잎 무늬 장식, 잎전부 folio: 이절지, 단위 어수, 장수, 한장, 장수를 세다, 이 표지, 이책, 전지의 2 절, 전지의 이절, 한 장, 이판 fondling: 애완 동물, 귀여워하는 아기, 귀염받는 사람 fondness: 취미, 경신, 기호, 도타운 사랑, 자애, 좋아함, 귀여워함, 다정함, 맹목적 사랑 font: 샘, 원천, 세례, 기름통, 종류와 크기가 같은 활자 한벌, 글꼴, 세례반, 동일형 활자의 한 벌, 종류와 크기가 같은 활자 한 벌 foolishly: 어리석게도, 바보같이, 미련하게, 어리석게 footfall: 발걸음, 발소리, 발 소리 footing: 지위, 발밑, 편제, 입장, 스텝 밟기, 확고한 지반, 정원, 발판, 합계, 관계, 기초 footnote: 각주 footstep: 발자국, 보폭, 걸음걸이, 발소리, 디딤대, 발자국 소리 forage: 마초, 꼴, 징발, 에게서 마초를 징발하다, 마초를 주다, 약탈하다, 마초를 찾아 다니다, 식량을주다, 식량을 주다, 식량을 찾아헤맴, 식량을찾아헤맴 forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 조상, 억제하다 forbid: 금하다, 허락지않다, 금지하다, 방해하다, 하는 일이

절대로 없기를 forbidding: 싫은, 인상 등이 험상궂은, 가까이하기 어려운, 장소, 험학한, 가격등 가까이하기 어려운, 무서운, 가까이 하기 어려운, 험악한 fore: 전면, 전방에-전방, 전방에, 기수에, 이 위험하다, 의 에, 앞쪽, 전방, 이물에, 앞 전방의, 앞 앞면의 foreboding: 전조, 예감, 예언, 육감 forecastle: 선수루, 앞간판, 전면간판, 앞 갑판 foremast: 앞돛대, 앞 돛대 foremost: 일류의, 맨앞의, 맨 먼저, 맨 처음의, 으뜸가는, 일류가는 foreseeing: 선견지명이 있는 foretell: 예고하다, 예언하다, 예고 하다, 예시 하다, 예언 하다 forge: 꾸며대다, 철공장, 위조하다, 서서히 나아가다, 쇠를불리다, 쇠를 불리다, 단조공장, 대장간에서 일하다, 벼리다, 꾸며내다, 노 forger: 위조자, 거짓말쟁이, 대장장이, 날조자, 단련공, 위조범, 범인 forgetful: 잊고, 잘 잊는, 망각시키는, 게을리하기 쉬운, 잊기 쉬운 forlorn: 고독한, 버림받은, 비참한, 절망적인 forlornly: 쓸쓸한, 의지할 곳 없이, 절망적으로 formality: 의식, 딱딱함 형식적 행위, 형식존중, 정식의 절차, 형식에 구애됨, 정규의 절차, 상례, 의례, 정식 forthwith: 즉시, 당장, 곧, 곧 실행해야할 명령, 곧장, 즉시로 fortification: 강화, 축성, 방비, 요새, 방비시설, 방어 공사 foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다, 더러운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다, 꽉막힌, 악취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의, 엉클어지다 foundling: 기아, 주운아이 fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다, 새고기, 엽조를 사냥하다 fowler: 들새 사냥꾼, 들새를 잡는 사람 fracture: 부수다, 골절, 금, 부숨, 부러뜨리다, 골절하다, 갈라진 틈, 부서지다, 갈라진틈, 크게 기쁘게 하다, 부서짐 frantic: 심히 흥분한, 미친, 광란의, 심히흥분한, 황급한, 굉장한, 미친 사람 같은 frantically: 극도로 흥분하여, 미친 듯이, 몹시, 미俗 굉장히 fraternal: 형제의, 우애의 fraying: 닳아 해어짐, 닳아 해어진 것 freak: 변덕, 기형, 괴물, 얼룩, 진기한, 얼룩지게 하다, 별난, 변덕을 부리다,

Herman Melville 괴상한 짓을 하다, 열광자, 성적 도착자 freebooter: 약탈자, 해적 freemason: 프리메이슨단의회원, 숙련 석수 조합원 frenchman: 프랑스인, 프랑스 말을 쓰는 사람, 프랑스 선박, 프랑스 사람 frenzied: 열광한, 격앙한, 격노한, 열광적인 freshen: 새롭게하다, 신선하게 되다, 염분을없애다, 염분을 없애다, 이동시키다, 에서 소금기를 빼다, 소금기가 빠지다, 새로이 힘을 북돋우다, 새끼를 낳다 freshet: 큰물, 홍수, 증수, 민물의 흐름 friar: 수도원, 수도회, 수사, 탁발승, 페이지 가운데서 선명치 않은 곳, 탁발 수도사 friction: 마찰, 불화, 마찰의 frigate: 프리깃함, 세대박이 군함, 군함새 fright: 돌연한 공포, 우스운 사람, 추악한사람, 추악한 사람, 우스운사람, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 보기 흉한 물건, 도깨비 같은 사람, 도깨비 같은 물건, 공포, 보기 흉한 사람 frighten: 겁내다, 놀라다, 소스라쳐 놀라게 하다, 놀라게하다, 무서워하다, 을러대어 ~을시키다 frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한, 아주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한, 지독한 fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로, 저쪽으로 frock: 작업복, 부인복, 성직자의 옷, 프록을 입히다, 성직에 취임시키다, 성직자복, 드레스, 프록코트 frosted: 서리로 덮인, 설탕을 하얗게 친, 진한 음료, 설탕을 입힌, 서리가 내린, 동결된, 서리로 뒤덮인, 동상에 걸린, 상해를 입은, 희게 센 frugal: 검소한, 알뜰한, 절약하는 fruitless: 열매를 맺지 않는, 결실하지 않는, 보람없는, 효과 없는, 보람 없는 frustrate: 좌절시키다, 사람을 실망시키다, 사람을실망시키다, 에게 좌절감을 일으키게 하는, 에게 좌절감을 일으키게 하다, 을 방해하는, 을 방해하다, 좌절시키는 fugitive: 덧없는, 도망자, 도망친, 일시적인, 도망하는, 없어져 버리는 것, 사라져 버리는 것 fulfillment: 달성, 수행, 실행, 이행 full-blooded: 다혈질의, 순혈종의 full-grown: 충분히 발육한, 충분히 성장한 fumbling: 실수, 만지작거리는,

어설픈 functionary: 기능의, 직원, 관리 fungus: 진균류, 갑자기 생기는 것, 균, 일시적 현상, 버섯 furnish: 설비, 공급하다, 가구를 갖추다, 비치된가구, 비치된 가구, 장치를 갖추다, 주다, 설치하다, 가구를 설비하다 furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘, 재고량이 ...한 furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구, 가구의 설비, 가구 furring: 모피, 모피 장식, 초벽 재료, 초벽, 물때, 모피붙임 furrow: 주물살이 생기게 하다, 두둑을 짓다, 보습자리, 항적, 밭고랑, 이랑을 짓다, 주름살이 지다, 주름살, 쟁기로 갈다, 고랑, 주름살-쟁기로 갈다 furry: 모피의, 모피로덮인, 설태가낀, 설태가 낀, 부드러운 털의 furthest: 가장 먼 furtive: 은밀한, 남몰래하는, 아무가 남의 눈을 기이는, 몰래 하는, 속임수가 많은 gaily: 유쾌하게, 흥겹게, 야하게 gainsay: 반박하다, 부정, 반론, 부정하다 gala: 축제, 제례, 축제의, 축제 기분의, 잔치의, 유쾌하다, 경축 gale: 강풍, 큰바람, 흥분 상태, 환희, 폭소, 실바람, 버드소귀나무의 일종, 폭풍, 정기 지불금, 미풍, 광희 gallant: 화려한, 용감한, 여성에게 친절한, 훌륭한, 용감한 사람, 정부, 정중한 말씨, 당당한, 상냥한 남자, 여성에게 친절한 남자, 여성에게 친절함 gallantly: 용감하게, 친절히, 친절하게, 정중하게, 씩씩하게, 당당하게, 상냥하게 gangway: 비켜라, 좌석의 통로, 현문, 경사면, 좌석 사이의 통로, 주요갱도, 통로, 배다리 garment: 의복, 옷, 외피, 의복 한 점 garments: 옷 garnish: 문식, 고명, 장식, 장식하다, 고명을 곁들이다, 통고, 채권 차압 통고를 하다, 장식물 garrison: 수비대, 요새지, 주둔군, 요새, 주둔병, 수비대를 두다 garrulous: 잘 지껄이는, 시끄럽게 지저귀는 gash: 깊이 갈라진 틈, 깊은 상처, 입, 찌꺼기, 여분의, 깊은 상처를 입히다, 깔끔한, 빈틈없는, 쓰레기, 에 깊은 상처를 입히다, 재치있는 gauntlet: 긴 장갑, 태형, 혹평을 받다, 손가리개, 곤틀릿 궤도, 목이 긴 장갑

17 gawky: 멍청한, 얼빠진, 얼뜨기의, 멍청이, 데퉁스러운 얼뜨기, 덜된, 수줍은 generality: 대부분, 일반성, 보편성, 통칙, 개략, 일반적임, 과반수, 개론, 개설, 대다수, 일반적 진술 generalize: 개괄하다, 일반화하다, 일반성만을 그리다, 일반적으로 말하다, 막연히 말하다, 개괄적으로 말하다, 개괄, 법칙화하다, 보급시키다, 일반화, 종합 generosity: 관대, 도량이 큼, 활수함, 관대한 행위, 아낌 없는 마음씨 genially: 친절하게, 상냥스럽게, 싹싹하게 gentility: 예절바름, 품위, 지체 높음, 점잔 빼기, 상류 계급, 얌전뺌, 문벌이 좋음 gentlemanly: 신사적인, 예의바른, 점잖은, 신사다운, 교육 잘 받은, 예의바른 신사처럼 gentleness: 친절, 온순, 과격하지 않음, 온화함, 상냥함, 부드러움, 안은, 정다움 genuflexion: 무릎 꿇음, 궤배 geologist: 지질학자 germ: 세균, 싹틈, 발아하다, 배종, 어린싹, 병원균, 근원, 유아, 발아시키다, 생겨나다, 싹이 트다 ghastly: 무시무시한, 지독한, 송장같은, 핼쑥한, 파랗게 질린, 무섭게, 무서운, 할쑥한, 심한, 무시무시하게 ghetto: 거주지, 빈민구, 유대인 거리, 유태잉 거주 지구, 빈민가, 빈민굴 ghostly: 유령의, 희미한, 영적인, 그림자 같은, 종교적인, 정신적인, 유령같은, 유령이 나올 듯한, 유령에 관한, 아리송한 gibbet: 교수대, 교수형에 처하다, 망신주다, 교수대에 매달다 gibraltar: 지브롤터, 견고한 요새 giddy: 현기증나는, 들뜬, 현기증 나게 하다, 눈이 빙빙 도는 듯한, 마음이 들뜬, 현기증 나는 gigantic: 거인 같은, 거대한 gild: 금을 입히다, 장식하다, 금도금을 하다, 을 실물보다 아름답게 꾸미다, 금빛으로 물들이다, 싫은 것을 보기좋게 만들다, 금박을 도금하다, 에 금을 입히다 gilded: 금도금한, 화려한 gilt: 금도금한, 금박, 금니, 금분, 암퇘지, 입힌 금, 금도 금의 ginger: 원기, 생강, 고동색, 활력, 생강 빛깔 gingerly: 주의 깊은, 매우 조심스러운, 매우 조심스럽게

18 girdle: 거들, 두르는것, 둘러싸다, 의 나무껍질을 고리모양으로 벗기다, 띠, 띠로 조르다, 일주하다, 황도대 gladly: 기꺼이, 즐거이, 쾌히 glancing: 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 넌지시 빗대는, 맞고 빗나가는, 번쩍이는, 번뜩이는 glaring: 눈부신, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 눈에 띄는, 명백한, 흘겨보는, 야한, 빤한, 현란한, 빤짝빤짝 빛나는, 쏘아보 glazed: 유리를 끼운, 글레이즈를 바른, 웃칠한, 유약을 칠한, 윤나는, 윤낸, 흐리멍덩한, 유약을 바른, 유리창을 끼운, 생기가 없는 glazing: 유리 끼우기, 유약 바르기, 유약 gleam: 번득이다, 번적임, 희미한 징조, 희미하게 번쩍이다, 어렴풋한 빛, 번득임, 빛, 번쩍이다 glee: 환희, 유쾌, 합창곡, 기쁨, 삼부 또는 그 이상의 합창곡, 환회 glide: 활주, 미끄러지다, 미끄러짐, 활공, 미끄러뜨리다, 활주하다, 미끄럼길, 미끄럼대, 점차로 변하다, 미끄러지듯 달리게 하다, 활공시키다 gliding: 활공, 미끄러지는, 활주, 활주하는, 활공하는, 미끄러짐 glimmering: 미광, 희미한 빛, 희미하게 방나는, 알아차림, 생각나는 일, 기색, 가냘픈 빛 어렴풋이 나타남, 까물거리는 빛 glittering: 빛나는, 반짝이는 globes: 유방 globular: 공 모양의, 작은 알로 된, 작은 구체로 된, 구형의 gloomy: 어두운, 우울한, 음울한 glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간, 열렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는 것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것 glued: 달라붙어 떨어지지 않고, 집중하여 glum: 무뚝뚝한, 음울한 gobble: 골골 울다, 통째로 삼키다, 게걸스레 먹다, 가블, 칠면조의 울음소리, 게걸스럽게 먹다, 펠라티오, 울음소리를 내다 good-for-nothing: 백수 건달, 쓸모없는 사람, 쓸모없는 good-humored: 기분 좋은 goodly: 잘생긴, 상당한, 용모가 단정한, 훌륭한, 잘 생긴, 큰 good-natured: 성질이좋은 gorge: 게걸스레 먹다, 불쾌, 골짜기, 좁은통로를 막는 물건, 삼킨 음식, 가득 채우다, 배불리 먹다, 대로를 막는 집적물, 목구멍, 불쾌함, 통로를 막는 집적물

The Piazza Tales gorgeous: 호화스러운, 화려한, 훌륭한 graceful: 우미한, 우아한 gradations: 순서 graduated: 눈금을 매긴, 등급 별로 구분한, 누진적인, 눈금을 새긴, 등급에 따라 배열한 grandee: 대공, 고관, 귀인 grandeur: 장관, 위대, 화려, 장엄, 웅대, 성대, 고귀, 장려 granite: 화강암, 쑥돌 grasping: 붙잡는, 쥐는, 잡는, 탐욕스러운, 구두쇠의, 남욕스러운 grassy: 풀 같은, 풀의, 풀이 무성한, 풀이 많은 grate: 갈다, 삐걱거리다, 삐걱거리게 하다, 쇠살판, 화상, 불쾌감을 주다, 서로 갈리다, 으깨어 빻다, 에 쇠창살을 대다, 쇠격자, 거슬리다 grated: 일반용의 gratification: 보수, 기쁨, 만족 시키는 것, 만족, 만족시키기 것, 만족시키는 것 gratified: 기뻐하는, 만족한 gratify: 기쁘게 하다, 만족 시키다, 기쁘게 해주다, 에게 사례금을 주다, 채우다, 에게 보수를 주다 grating: 삐걱거리는, 서로 갈리는, 격자, 귀에 거슬리는, 모든 연령층에 맞는 영화로 판정된 것, 창살 gravely: 자갈을 깐, 귀에 거슬리는, 자갈이 많은, 자갈의 graven: 조각된, 감명 깊은, 마음에 새겨진, 새긴 grayish: 회색을 띤, 우중충한, 회색빛도는, 회색빛이 나는, 쥐색을 띤 grayness: 회색, 백발이 섞임 graze: 스치기, 찰과상, 목초, 풀을 먹이다, 스치다, 스쳐 벗기다, 목축, 약간 닿다, 생풀을 먹다, 생풀을 먹이다, 스쳐 지나가다 grecian: 그리스 사람, 그리스식의, 그리스의, 그리스풍의 greedy: 탐욕스러운, 걸신들린, 열망하는, 게걸스러운, 대식하는 greenish: 초록빛이 도는 greenland: 북미 동북쪽의 세계 최대의 섬, 북미 북동의 섬 greenness: 초록색, 미숙, 녹색, 신선, 풋내기임 greeting: 인사말, 인사, 인사장, 환영 grieved: 슬퍼하는, 슬픈 grimly: 잔인하게, 엄하게, 으스스하게, 무시무시하게, 무섭게, 기분나쁘게, 험악하게 grimness: 무서움, 굳셈, 냉혹함, 무시무시함, 으스스함, 혐악함 grimy: 때묻은, 때으로 더러워진,

더러운, 검댕으로 더럽혀진, 때로 더럽혀진 grind: 가루가 되다, 돌리다, 문지르다, 부지런히 일하다, 삐걱거리다, 바드득거리다, 가루를 타다, 갈리다, 갈아서 닳게 하다, 끈기 있게 공부하다, 닦다 grinding: 가는, 갈기, 삐걱거리는, 제분, 지루한, 매우 아픈, 압제의, 주입식 교수, 타기, 타는, 힘드는 grizzled: 회색빛을 띤 grizzly: 회색의, 회색을 띤 grooved: 홈이 있는, 홈이 팬 groping: 암중 모색하는, 손으로 더듬는 grossly: 크게, 천하게, 뚱뚱하게, 거칠게 grotesque: 그로테스크풍, 터무니 없는, 우스운, 기괴한, 고딕체, 괴기미, 그로테스크 무늬의, 그로테스크풍의, 괴기한 grotesquely: 괴상하게, 이상하게, 그로테스크무늬로 grotto: 동굴, 암굴, 자그마한 동굴 growling: 으르렁거리는 guarded: 조심성 있는, 신중한, 감시되어 있는, 방어되어 있는 guarding: 망보는 것 guerdon: 보답, 포상하다, 포상 gulch: 협곡 gunwale: 현연, 뱃전의 위 끝 gusty: 사납게 불어대는 바람의, 기세 좋은, 용기있는, 휘몰아치는, 용감한, 맛있는, 기운찬, 돌풍의, 돌풍이 자주 부는, 터질 것 같이 활기 있는, 바람이 거센 habitation: 거주, 주소, 주택 habituation: 습관들임 hacked: 안달난, 곤혹스러운, 당혹한 haggard: 야생의, 여윈, 바싹 마른, 수척한, 매서운, 길들지 않은 haggardness: 수척함 half-breed: 혼혈아 hallow: 숭배하다, 하느님께 바치다, 신성하게하다, 어이, 성자의, 신성한 것으로서 숭배하다 halyard: 마룻줄, 용층줄, 이어줄, 태클, 핼리어드, 당김줄 hammock: 해먹 handcuffs: 수갑 handkerchief: 손수건 handspike: 지레, 나무로 만든 지레 hand-to-hand: 육박전의 hap: 우연, 행운, 우연한 일, 일어나다, 우연이 일어나다 hapless: 불행한, 불운한 harassing: 괴롭히는, 귀찮게 구는 harbor: 피난처, 항구, 정박하다, 숨다, 피난처를 제공하다, 품다, 숨기다,

Herman Melville 은신처, 숨겨 주다, 잠시 묵다 hardened: 강해진, 경화한, 굳어진, 단단해지, 무정한, 상습적인, 철면피한 hark: 듣다, 경청하다 harlequin: 어릿광대, 어릿광대역, 할리퀸, 광대 harmless: 해없는, 악의 없는, 해가 없는 harmonious: 조화된, 화목한, 의좋은, 가락이 맞는, 균형잡힌, 화성의 harpoon: 작살 harshly: 거칠게, 엄하게, 귀에 거슬릴만큼, 거치게 haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다, 서두르다, 서두르게 하다, 성급, 급함 hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 서두르게 하다 hasty: 급한, 성급한, 지레짐작, 경솔한 hatched: 흙다, 빗기다 hatchet: 자귀, 화해하다 hatchway: 창구, 승강구 hath: 직설법, 현재 haughtiness: 오만 haughty: 거만한, 오만한, 오만하는 haunt: 소굴, 출몰하다, 나오다, 자주가다, 마음에 붙어 다니다, 자주가는 장소, 에 자주 가다, 나타나다, 끊임없이 출입하는 장소, 자주 나타나다 haunted: 붙은, 고뇌에 시달린, 도깨비가 나오는, 유령이 나오는, 무엇에 흘린 haunting: 출몰, 마음에서 떠나지 않는, 마음에서 떠나지 않는 자주 다니기, 잊혀지지 않는, 자주 다님, 자주 마음속에 떠오르는 haven: 항구, 피난처 havoc: 파괴, 황폐, 대대적으로 파괴하다, 큰 파란 hawk: 매, 매사냥을 하다, 돌아다니며팔다, 알리며 다니다, 강경론자, 매를 부르다, 기침, 매파, 탐욕한사람, 기침하다, 기침하여 내뱉다 haze: 안개, 혹사하다, 곯리다, 못살게 굴다, 몽롱, 아지랑이, 이내 hazy: 몽롱한, 흐릿한, 안개 짙은, 이내낀, 거나하게 취한 headland: 곶, 갑 headsman: 망나니, 목베는사람, 목베는 사람, 포경선의 지휘자 healing: 치료의, 치유, 치료 heap: 기가 푹 꺽이다, 느닷없이, 많이, 퍽, 쌓다, 쌓아 올리다, 더미, 매우, 수북이 담다, 쌓아올리다, 쌓아올린 것 hearth: 노변, 화상, 노, 가정, 난로

바닥 heartless: 무정한 heartstrings: 심금, 깊은 감정 heave: 오르다, 토하다, 천식, 들어 올리다, 들어서 던져 넣다, 융기, 움직이다, 부풀리다, 들리다, 높아지다, 수평 전위 heaving: 올림, 끌어올림, 들어올림 hectic: 소모열의, 결핵환자, 열광적인, 소모열, 얼굴이 불그레한, 몹시 흥분한, 소모성인, 흥분한 heed: 주의, 조심, 조심하다, 유의하다, 주의하다 heedful: 주의 깊은, 조심하는, 마음 쓰는, 인정이 있는, 조심성이 많은 heedfully: 주의 깊게 heedless: 부주의한, 경솔한 heel: 뒤축을 대다, 기울이다, 뒤꿈치로 춤추다, 뒷발, 의 바로 뒤를 따르다, 바로 뒤따르다, 뒤꿈치, 기울어지다, 굽, 경사, 비열한놈 heighten: 높이다, 높아지다, 높게 하다, 증가시키다, 증대하다, 고상하게 하다, 강화하다, 강화시키다 높아지다, 강화되다, 증가하다, 과장하다 helm: 키, 자루, 지도, 지도하다, 키를 잡다, 의 키를 다루다, 지배권, 지배 helmsman: 키잡이, 조타수, 타수 helot: 노예, 농노, 헬롯 helplessly: 의지할 데 없이, 어쩔 도리없이, 어찌할 수 없이, 의지할 데 없는, 힘없이 hemlock: 독당근, 독당근에서 뽑은 독약, 솔송나무 hemp: 삼, 대마, 교수형용의 밧줄 hempen: 대마의, 대마로 만든 henceforth: 차후, 이후, 금후 heraldry: 문장학, 으리으리함, 문장, 전령관의 직, 가문 herbage: 목초, 초본류, 방목권, 풀 herd: 군중, 몰아 모으다, 지키다, 무리, 떼지어 모이다, 민중.목자, 목자, 민중, 떼를 짓다, 떼를 모으다, 군중의 hereabouts: 이 근방에 hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로, 이후 hereby: 이로 말미암아, 이에 의하여, 이것에 의하여 hereupon: 여기에 있어서 hermetically: 밀봉한, 연금술, 밀폐하여, 밀봉하여 hermit: 은자 hermitage: 은자의 집, 은자의집, 은자가 사는 집 heroic: 실물보다 큰, 영웅시의, 웅대한, 과장된 표현, 용감한, 영웅적인, 장렬한, 용사의, 영웅의,

19 영웅사격, 영웅사 heroically: 용맹스럽게, 장렬하게, 영웅답게, 늠름하게, 영웅적으로 heroine: 여걸, 여장부, 여주인공, 열부, 반신녀, 여주 인공 hesitancy: 망설임, 주춤거림, 주저 hesitation: 주저, 망설임 hidalgo: 스페인의 하급 귀족 hide-and-seek: 숨바꼭질 hiding-place: 은신처 himalayas: 히말라야 산맥, 히말라야산맥 hindoo: 힌두 인, 인도 사람 hindrance: 방해, 장애, 방해물 hiss: 쉿하다, 쉬이하다, 쉭쉭하는 소리를 내면서 나타내다, 시하고 불만의 소리를 내다, 시이시이하는 소리를 내면서 말하다, 시이시이하는 소리를 내면서 나타내다, 시이시이 하기, 스음, 슈웃하는 소리를 내다, 쉿하는 소리를 내다, 쉿하고 제지하다 hissing: 쉿소리 나기, 시이시이하기의 스음, 치찰음의, 쉭쉭하기의 스음 hitched: 절름거리는 hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로, 여기에 hive: 벌통에 넣다, 꿀벌통, 벌집, 벌통에 들어가다, 와글와글하는 군중, 축적하다, 꿀벌의 벌집벌통, 벌집에 들다, 벌통에 모으다, 벌통에 살게 하다, 벌통에 저장하다 hoar: 흰, 회색의, 흰서리, 백발의, 흰백색, 회백색, 흰 서리, 하얗게 된 hoary: 오래된, 고색이 창연한, 나이 들어 점잖은, 백발의, 회백색의, 하얗게 된 hobgoblin: 도깨비, 작은 요괴, 짓궂은 장난을 잘하는 꼬마 마귀, 짓궂은 장난을 잘하는 꼬마 요정 hoe: 괭이, 괭이로 파다, 괭이로 갈다, 제초기 hoist: 기중기, 내걸다, 들어 올리다, 올리다, 끌어 올리기, 감아 올리는 기계, 감아 올리는 장치, 게양하다, 감아 올리기 hollow: 구멍, 우묵한 곳, 공허한, 골짜기, 거짓의, 도려내다, 속이 텅빈, 우묵 들어가다, 힘없는, 우묵 들어간, 공복의 hollowness: 우묵함, 속이 비어 있음 homage: 존경, 복종, 신종의 예, 경의 homeward: 귀로의, 본국으로 향해서, 집으로, 집으로 돌아가는, 집쪽으로 homicide: 살인, 살인자 honesty: 정직, 성실, 솔직, 루나리아, 정절 honeysuckle: 인동덩굴, 인동덩굴의

20 무리 honor: 명예, 명성, 존경하다, 체면, 자존심, 훈장, 서훈, 고관, 인수하고 지불하다, 정절, 작위 honorable: 존경할 만한, 고귀한, 명예로운, 훌륭한, 수치를 아는, 영광의 hooded: 두건을 쓴, 두건 모양의, 모자 모양의, 포장을 씌운, 두건을 씁, 씌우개가 달린, 두건을 깊숙히 쓴, 덮개가 달린 hooked: 갈고리 모양의, 훅이 달린, 마약 중독의, 고리가 달린, 갈고리 모양으로 구부러진 hop: 홉, 춤추다, 마약, 앙감질, 아편, 뛰다, 홉 열매를 따다, 이륙하다, 도약, 짧은 여행, 홉의 열매를 따다 hoped-for: 기대되었던 hopefulness: 희망에 차 있는 것 hopelessly: 희망을 잃고, 가망없이, 절망하여, 절망적으로 hopelessness: 가망없음, 절망 상태, 가망 없음 horrid: 무서운, 지독한 horridly: 무시무시하게 horrific: 무서운, 소름끼칠듯한, 대단한 horrified: 겁에 질린, 충격 받은, 공포를 나타내는 horseback: 말의 등, 말등, 말을 타고 hospitable: 극진한, 따뜻하게 대접하는, 기꺼이 받아들이는, 대접이 좋은 hour-glass: 물시계, 모래시계 hovering: 공중 정지, 호버링 howl: 멀리서 짖다, 울부짖으며 말하다, 윙윙 휘몰아 치다, 짖다, 짖음, 큰 소리를 내다, 호통쳐서 침묵시키다, 멀리서 짖는 소리, 악을 쓰며 말하다 howling: 쓸쓸한, 울부짖는, 터무니 없는, 대단한, 터무니없는, 짖는 hubbub: 소란, 왁자지껄, 와글와글함 hue: 색조, 빛깔, 색상, 고함, 외침소리, 비난의 소리, 색채, 고함소리, 특색 hugger-mugger: 난잡, 난잡한, 난잡하게 hulk: 폐함, 멋없이 큰배, 노후선, 폐선, 덩치가 큰 남자 hum: 콧노래를 부르다, 우물우물 말하다, 윙울리다, 윙윙하다, 경기가 좋다, 나쁜 냄새가 나다, 입속에서 우물거리다, 윙윙거리다 humane: 우아한, 사람을 고상하게 만드는, 인정있는, 친절한, 인도적인, 사람을 고상하게 하는 humming: 활발한, 콧노래, 번성하는, 씽씽한, 붕붕하는, 거품 이는,

The Piazza Tales 붕붕거리는, 소리를 내는 hummingbird: 벌새 humor: 해학, 기질, 만족시키다, 기분, 유머, 심기, 잘 다루다, 일시적인 기분, 익살, 유우머, 우스개 humorous: 익살스러운, 우스꽝스러운, 유우머가 있는, 익살의 humorously: 익살스럽게 humped: 혹이 있는, 곱사등의, 등이 굽은 hurriedly: 매우 급히, 서둘러서 hushed: 고요한, 조용해진 huskily: 쉰 목소리로, 허스키로 husky: 쉰 목소리의, 허스키, 에스키모 개, 억센, 실팍한 사람, 실팍진, 깍지의, 건조하다, 겉껍질의, 껍질의, 에스키모 개의 huzza: 만세, 환호하다 hybrid: 잡종, 잡종의, 혼성의, 튀기, 혼성물 hypochondriac: 우울증의 우울증환자, 히포콘드리증의, 심기증의 iceberg: 빙산, 냉담한 사람, 빙산의 일각, 불감증인 여자 icy: 얼음의, 얼음 같은, 냉담한, 얼음이 찬, 얼음이 많은, 쌀쌀한, 얼음으로 덮인 idle: 한가한, 일이 없는, 활용되지 않고 있는, 쓸모 없는, 무용의, 까닭 없는, 태만한, 쉬고 있는, 놀고 보내다, 공전하다, 게으름 피우다 ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는, 무지몽매한, 무지에서 비롯되는, 무지한 ill-breeding: 버릇없음, 본데없음 ill-fated: 불운한 illiberal: 인색한, 교양 없는, 옹졸한, 도량이 좁은, 편협한, 저속한 ill-starred: 액운을 타고난 ill-tempered: 성미가 까다로운 illuminating: 조명하는, 비추는, 밝히는, 계몽적인 illumination: 계몽, 해명, 조명, 채색, 일류미네이션, 전식, 전광 장식, 일루미네이션, 광량, 조도, 채식 illusory: 실체가 없는, 가공의, 사람을 속이는, 착각의, 현혹시키는, 환영적인, 사람을 미혹하는, 사람을 현혹하는 illustrious: 유명한, 저명한, 현저한, 찬란한, 빛나는, 혁혁한 immeasurable: 끝없는, 헤아릴수 없는, 광대한, 잴 수 없는, 측정할 수 없는 immemorial: 태고의, 사람의 기억에 없는, 옛적의, 먼 옛날의, 기억에 없는

immobility: 정지, 고정, 부동, 부동성 immoral: 부도덕한, 품행이 나쁜, 음란한, 외설한, 도덕에 어긋나는 immovable: 움직일 수 없는, 부동산, 움직이지 않는, 부동의, 확고한, 고정된, 감정에 좌우되지 않는, 정지한, 해마다 같은 날짜의 고정된, 자약한, 태연 immutable: 불변의, 변경되지 않는 imp: 보강하다, 개구쟁이, 악마의 새끼, 마귀 새끼, 왈패아이, 꼬마도깨비장난꾸러기, 꼬마 악마, 깃을 덧붙여주다, 꼬마 도깨비 impartiality: 공평, 공명정대, 공평무사, 불편 부당, 불편부당 impassioned: 열렬한, 감격한, 감동한, 정열적인 impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조, 견딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급, 안달, 성급 impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수 없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못 견디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는, 조바심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 못견디는 impatiently: 성급하게, 안절부절 못하는, 조바심하며, 참을수 없는, 못 견디는, 성마른 impediment: 장애, 언어 장애, 말더듬이, 방해, 신체장애, 고장, 수하물, 방해물 impending: 절박한, 박두한, 금세 일어날 것 같은, 튀어나온 impenetrable: 헤아릴 수 없는, 불가입성의, 무감각한, 꿰뚫을 수 없는, 불가해의, 불가해한, 완고한, 물들지 않는, 고집스러운, 동요되지 않는, 둔한 imperative: 피할 수 없는, 명령적인, 명령, 긴급한, 명령법의, 명령법, 긴요한, 위엄있는, 필수적인, 필요성, 강제적인 imperceptibly: 관찰할 수 없는, 근소한, 점차적인 imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불충분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제, 미완료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의 imperfectly: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불완전하게, 미완성의, 불충분하게 impertinence: 부적절한 행위, 무례한 행위, 무례, 건방짐, 부적당한, 건방진, 당치 않은, 무례하게도, 무례한, 무례한사람, 부적절 관계 impious: 신앙심이 없는, 불경한, 사악한, 신앙심 없는, 경건치 않은 impostor: 사기꾼, 남의 이름을 사칭하는 자, 사칭자 imposture: 사기, 협잡, 사기행위 impotent: 무력한, 음위의, 허약한,

Herman Melville 노쇠한, 체력이 없는, 노쇠자, 뇌쇠한, 능력이 없는, 무력자, 성교 불능의, 성교불능자 impregnable: 난공 불락의, 확고한, 도덕심이 견고한, 수정가능한, 굴치않는, 지지않는, 끄떡 않는, 난공 불락 impress: 날인, 감동시키다, 흔적, 징발하다, 인용하다, 특징, 찍다, 징집하다, 누르다, 감명, 감명을 주다 imprimis: 최초에, 맨처음에, 우선적으로, 최초로 imprisoned: 교도소에 집어 넣은 improbable: 참말 같지 않은, 정말 같지 않은, 일어날 듯하지 않은, 일어날 법하지 않은, 일어날 성싶지 않은, 있을 성싶지 않은 impromptu: 즉흥곡, 즉석에서, 즉흥적인, 즉석에서의, 즉흥적으로, 준비없이의, 즉석 연설, 준비없이, 즉석연설즉흥시, 즉석의 연설, 임시변통으로 impropriety: 부적당, 행실 나쁨, 점잖지 못함, 잘못오용, 온당치 않음, 상스러움, 도리에 어긋남, 부정, 버릇없는행위, 버릇없음, 어울리지 않는 말 imprudently: 경솔하게, 무분별하게 impulse: 충격, 충동, 자극, 추진, 변덕, 충격량, 역적, 고무, 일시적 감정순간력, 욕구 impulsive: 충동적인, 추진적인, 순간력의, 추진하는, 자극적인, 고무적인, 감정에 끌린, 감정에 흐른 impulsively: 감정에 흐른, 충동적인, 추진적인, 충동적으로 imputation: 비난, 비방, 전가비난, 돌아감, 돌림, 누명, 허물, 돌리기 impute: 의 탓으로 하다, 전가하다, 에게 돌리다, 씌우다, 의 탓이라고 하다, 돌리다 inadequately: 부적당한, 불충분한 inadvertence: 부주의, 실수, 소홀실수, 잘못 inadvertently: 부주의한, 부주의에 의한, 무심결에한, 나태한 inasmuch: 때문에, 이므로, 인 한은 inboard: 안으로 향한, 엔진이 배안에 있는, 선내의, 선내 모니터, 배안의, 기내의, 비행기의 동체에 가까운쪽의, 배 안의, 배 안에 incautious: 무모한, 경솔한, 부주의한 incautiously: 부주의하게, 실수로 incessant: 끊임없는, 간단 없는, 그칠새 없는, 끊임 없는 incidental: 흔히 있는, 부수적인, 주요하지 않은, 부수하는, 우연의, 중요하지 않은, 우연히 일어나는, 지엽적인, 부수하여 일어나는,

부수적인 일, 곧잘 일어나는 incipient: 초기의, 시작의, 발단의, 시초의 incipiently: 처음으로, 최초로 incivility: 무례, 버릇없음 inclosed: 동봉하는 inclosure: 동봉, 둘러쌈, 울로 둘러싼 땅, 동봉한 것 inclusive: 일체를 포함한, 함께 계산하여, 함께 넣어, 포함하여, 모든것을넣은, 을 포함하여, 모든 것을 포함한, 포함한, 모든 것을 넣은, 계산에 넣어서 incognito: 가명, 익명, 암행, 익명자, 변명의, 신분을 숨기고, 미행자, 익명의가명의암행의, 가명으로, 가명자 incoherent: 점착력이없는, 흐트러진, 지리 멸렬의, 조리가 서지 않는, 조리가 맞지 않는, 모순된, 논리가 일관되지 않는, 일관되지 않은 incompetence: 무능력, 무자격, 무능력의, 부적격, 무능한 incomputable: 계산할 수 없는, 무수한 incongruous: 조화되지 않는, 부조리한, 어울리지 않은, 동닿지 않은, 모순된, 부적당한 inconsiderable: 사소한, 중요치 않은, 하찮은, 중요하지 않은 inconsiderately: 무분별한, 동정심 없는 incontinently: 즉시, 자제심이 없는, 자제할수 없게, 음란한 inconvenience: 불편, 부자유, 폐, 귀찮음, 불편을 느끼게하다, 불편을 주다, 불편한것, 폐를 끼치다, 귀찮은 일, 불편한 것, 에게 불편을 느끼게 하다 inconvenient: 불편한, 형편이 마땅하지 않은, 폐가되는, 부자유스런, 형편이 나쁜, 부자유한 incredulity: 의심 많음, 쉽게 믿지 않는, 쉽사리 믿지 않음, 회의심, 쉽게 믿지 않음 incubus: 가위, 악몽, 몽마, 부담, 압박하는 것, 마음의 부담을 주는 것, 마음의 부담을 주는 사람, 악마 incurable: 불치의, 불치의 환자, 구제 불능자, 불치의 교정불능의 incurably: 불치의 indecorous: 버릇없는, 무례한 indecorously: 천덕스럽게, 버릇없게 indecorum: 무례, 버릇없는행동, 버릇없음 indefinite: 부정의, 명확하지 않은, 막연한, 애매한, 일정하지 않은, 한계 없는, 일정치 않은, 불명료한, 한계가 없는

21 indefinitely: 막연히, 무기한으로, 부정의, 불명료한, 불명확하게, 일정하지 않은, 한계 없는 indifference: 무관심한, 중립, 무차별, 중성의, 대수롭지 않은, 냉담, 개의치 않음, 시원치 않은, 중요치 않음, 공평한, 무관심 indifferent: 무관심한, 공평한, 중성의, 치우치지 않는, 개의치 않는, 평범한, 좋지도 나쁘지도 않은, 변변치 않은중성의, 중립의, 중요치 않은, 시원치 않은 indifferently: 무관심하게, 상당히, 시원치 않게 indigestion: 미숙, 소화 불량, 지적 소화불량, 위약, 이해부족, 소화가 안됨 indignant: 분개한, 성난 indignation: 분개, 의분, 분 indigo: 인도쪽, 남쪽빛, 쪽, 인디고남색 쪽빛, 남빛 indiscreet: 경솔한, 지각없는, 무분별한, 분별없는 indiscriminate: 무차별의, 난잡한, 마구잡이의, 가리지 않는 indispensable: 피할 수 없는, 필요 불가결한, 피치못할, 절대필요한것, 없어서는 안되는, 필요불가결한 사람, 없어서는 안될 indisposed: 기분이 나쁜, 할 마음이 내키지 않는, 몸이 좀 아픈, 마음이 내키지 않는, 기분이 언짢은, 싫중난 indisposition: 기분이 언짢음, 싫증, 병, 마음이 내키지않음, 알맞지 않음, 부적당, 마음이 내키지 않음 indisputable: 명백한, 논의의 여지가 없 는, 의논의 여지가 없는, 다툴 여지가 없는 indistinguishable: 구별할 수 없는, 인정받지 못하는, 구분할 수 없는, 식별할 수 없는 individuality: 개성, 특성, 개체, 인격, 개인, 특질, 단일체, 개체성, 개인적 특성 indocility: 가르치기 힘드는, 가르치기 힘듦, 순종치 않음, 고분고분하지 않은 indolence: 나태, 게으름, 무통 indraft: 끌어들임, 유입, 빨아들임, 끌어 들임 indubitably: 명백하게, 확실하게 induce: 야기하다, 유도하다, 권유하다, 귀납하다, 일으키다, 인공적으로 출산시키다, 인공적으로 일으키다, 유발하다, 설득하여..시키다, 인공분만하다, 인공분만을 하다 indulge: 빠지다, 탐닉하다, 지불유예를 주다, 실컷 마시다,

22 어하다, 마음대로 하게하다, 술을 많이 마시다, 버릇없이 가르다, 만족시키다, 대사를 베풀다, 기쁘게하다 indulgence: 대사, 신앙의 자유, 은혜, 탐닉, 관대, 방종, 대사부, 도락, 멋대로 함, 면죄부, 방자 indulgent: 관대한, 멋대로 하게하는, 어하는, 응석을 받아주는 부모, 엄하지 않은, 제멋대로 하게 하는 industrious: 근면한, 부지런한, 애쓰는 ineffectual: 효과 없는, 무력한, 속절없는, 쓸데없는, 효과가 없는 ineffectually: 효과 없는 inefficiency: 비능률, 무능, 무효력, 비능률적인것, 쓸모 없는, 무능한 inexperienced: 경험이 없는 서투름, 미숙, 무경험, 경험이 없는 inextricable: 해결 할 수 없는, 뒤얽힌, 풀수 없는, 탈출할수 없는, 풀리지 않는, 풀 수 없는 infallibly: 오류가 없는, 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대 확실한 infantile: 유아의, 유치한, 초보의, 어린아이 같은, 초기의, 천진난만한, 유아같은, 소아의, 유아기의, 유아 같은, 어린이 같은 infantry: 보병, 보병연대, 보병과, 보병의 infatuation: 심취, 열중케 하는 것, 열중케 함, 열중하게 하는것, 정신을 잃게, 흘림, 열중하게 하기 infer: 추론하다, 의미하다, 암시하다, 추단하다, 추측하다 inference: 추론, 추리, 추정, 결론, 함축 inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람, 후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품, 하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은 inferiority: 열등, 하급, 하위, 조악, 열세 inferiors: 하위의 infidel: 이교도, 이교도의, 믿음이 없는 사람, 불신자, 신앙심 없는 사람, 신앙심이 없는, 신앙심이 없는 사람, 이단자의 infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점, 연약, 질병, 질환, 결함 inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한, 얼굴이 빨개진, 흥분한 inflexible: 확고한, 불굴의, 구부릴 수 없는, 완고한, 불굴의 강직한, 굽힐수 없는, 굽지 않은, 구부러지지 않는, 고칠수 없는, 꿋꿋한 informally: 비공식의, 약식의, 형식에 구애되지 않고, 약식으로, 로, 격식을 차리지 않는, 비공식으로 informing: 유익한, 교육적인

The Piazza Tales ingenious: 교묘한, 독창적인, 영리한, 재간 있는, 정교한, 창의력이 있는, 재주가 있는, 있는 inglorious: 불명예스러운, 창피한, 수치스러운, 무명의, 면목없는, 이름도없는, 불명예, 이름도 없는 ingrate: 배은 망덕한 사람, 은혜를 모르는, 은혜를 모르는 사람 inhabitable: 살기에 알맞은, 살기에 적합한 inhabitant: 주민, 거주자, 서식동물 inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는 inhospitable: 불친절한, 손님을 냉대하는, 황폐한, 야박한, 살기 어려운, 불모의, 머무를 곳이 없는, 대접이 나쁜, 머물 곳이 없는, 손님 접대가 나쁜 inhumane: 몰인정한, 무자비한, 동정심이 없는, 친절미가 없는 inhumanity: 몰인정, 무자비, 잔인, 잔인한것, 잔학, 몰인정한 행위, 냉혹 iniquitous: 부정의, 사악한, 간악한, 부정한, 불법의 iniquity: 부정, 부정행위, 죄악, 죄, 불법 injected: 주사된 충혈된 injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 다치게 하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다, 손해를 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게 하다 ink: 잉크, 먹물, 잉크를 칠하다, 잉크로 쓰다, 잉크로 더럽히다서명하다, 인쇄용 잉크 inkling: 암시, 어렴풋이 알고 있음, 눈치챔, 어렴풋이 알아차리기 inkstand: 잉크스탠드 inky: 잉크같은, 잉크의, 새까만, 잉크 묻은, 새카만, 잉크로 표를 한, 잉크묻은, 더러워진, 잉크로 표시를 한 innate: 타고난, 선천적인, 본질적인, 고유의, 본유적인, 천부의 innocuous: 해 없는, 무해한 innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는, 이루 셀 수 없는 inquietude: 불안, 산란, 동요근심 inquiring: 알고 싶어 하는, 묻고 싶은 듯한, 묻는, 미심쩍은, 미심쩍은 듯한, 알고 싶어하는, 호기심에찬, 캐묻기 좋아하는, 탐구적인 inquiringly: 알고 싶은 듯이, 의심쩍은 듯이 inquisitively: 호기심많게, 호기심에 차서 insane: 미친, 제정신이 아닌, 미친 것 같은, 환장한 것 같은, 정신이상자를 위한, 광기의, 몰상식한, 광폭한, 발광한, 미친 듯한 inscription: 명, 비문, 제명, 헌정사,

명각, 비명, 공채의 등록, 등록공채, 제자 inscrutable: 불가사의한, 알 수 없는, 수수께끼같은, 불가해한, 헤아릴수 없는, 헤아릴 수 없는 insensible: 무감각한, 의식이 없는, 인사 불성의, 무관심한, 알아채리 못할 정도로, 인사불성의, 감지할수 없는, 무신경의, 아주 적은, 감수성 없는, 무신경인 insensibly: 알아차리지 못할 만큼, 천천히, 눈에 띄지 않을 정도로 insertion: 삽입, 삽입물, 끼어 넣은 광고, 착생, 게재 기사, 끼워넣음, 사이에 꿰매어 넣은 천, 삽입구, 삽입물써넣은것삽입광고, 어느 천체의 궤도에 들어감, 유착 insidious: 교활한, 잠행성의, 음흉한, 방심할수 없는, 모르는 사이에 진행하는, 흉계의, 사람을 함정에 빠뜨리는 insignificance: 무의미한, 하찮음, 하찮은, 일, 사소한, 대수롭지 않은, 무가치, 비천한신분 insignificant: 대수롭지 않은, 하찮은, 무의미한, 천한, 시시한, 의미 없는 insolence: 오만, 무례, 거만함, 건방진, 건방진태도, 거만 insolent: 무례한, 건방진, 오만한, 안하무인의 inspect: 검열하다, 사열하다, 시찰하다, 점검하다, 면밀하게 살피다, 조사하다, 검사하다 inspected: 점검하는, 검사하는, 사열하는, 시찰하는 inspire: 고무하다, 시사하다, 불어넣다, 영감을 주다, 숨을 들이 쉬다, 숨을 들이쉬다, 일어나게하다, 빨아들이다, 지시를 주다, 고취하다, 감격시키다 inspiriting: 고무적인, 기운을 북돋우는, 기운을 북돋우어 주는 instantaneously: 즉석의, 동시에 일어나는 instep: 발등, 구두의 발등 부분, 구두의등, 구두의 등, 양말의 등 instinctive: 본능적인, 천성의, 직관적인 instinctively: 직관적으로, 본능적으로, 천성의, 본능적인 insubordination: 복종하지 않는, 순종치 않음, 반항반항행위, 반항적인, 불순종 insulted: 모욕한 insure: 보증하다, 보험에 들다, 확실하게 하다, 보험에 가입하다, 지키다, 의 보험을 맡다, 을 방지할 수단을 강구하다, 안전하게하다, 보험을 걸다, 보증이되다, 보험

Herman Melville 증서를 발행하다 insurrection: 폭동, 반란, 봉기 intending: 미래의.지망하는 intentional: 계획적인, 고의의 intently: 골똘하게, 여념이 없는, 여념이 없이, 오로지, 지심의, 집중되어 있는 intentness: 집중, 전념 interment: 매장, 토장 interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음, 중절, 불통 intimation: 통고, 암시하다, 발표, 알리다, 암시넌지시 비춤통고, 고시 intolerable: 견딜 수 없는, 과도한, 참을수 없는, 애타는, 약오르는 intolerably: 참을수 없이, 극히, 견디지 못하게 intonation: 영창, 인토네이션, 억양, 인토내이션, 음의 정조법, 읊음, 옳음, 첫악구, 소리의 억약, 어조, 음창 intrepid: 대담한, 무서움을 모르는, 용맹스러운, 용맹한 intrepidly: 용맹스럽게, 대담하게 intricacy: 뒤섞인, 복잡, 복잡한, 얽힌사물 intricately: 복잡하게, 번잡하게 intrigue: 밀통, 음모, 음모를 꾸미다, 밀통하다, 의 호기심을 돋우다, 달성하다, 의 흥미를 돋구다, 술책을 쓰다, 손에 넣다, 불의, 의 흥미를 돋우다 intriguing: 흥미를 자아내는, 음모를 꾸미는, 호기심을 자극하는, 호기심을 돋우는, 흥미를 돋우는 invade: 침입하다, 침해하다, 침략하다, 쳐들어가다, 퍼지다, 밀어닥치다, 충만하다, 몰려들다침범하다, 대거몰려오다, 내습하다 invalid: 병약한, 병약자, 병자, 무효의, 병약자 취급을 받다, 병약하게 되다, 병약자로서 면제하다, 병약하게 하다, 상병으로 현역에서 제대하다, 상이 군인 명부에 기입하다, 허약한 invariable: 불변의, 상수, 변화하지 않는, 상수의, 불변량, 변화없는, 변치 않는 것, 일정한 inverted: 동성애의, 반대의, 반전된, 성도착의, 역으로 한, 역의, 성욕 도착의 investiture: 부여, 서임, 수여, 옷, 옷을 입힘, 입힘 inveteracy: 고질, 뿌리깊은, 숙원, 상습적인, 뿌리깊음, 만성, 끈덕진 원한, 뿌리 깊음 invisibly: 숨은, 눈에 보이지 않는, 눈에 안보이게몰래 inviting: 초대하는, 유혹적인, 마음을

끄는, 마음이 동하는, 사람을 끄는, 좋아보이는 invitingly: 권유하다, 야기시키다, 초대장, 끌다, 간청하다, 초대하다 invocation: 기도, 기원, 발동, 시신의 영감을 비는말, 악마를 불러내는 주문 involuntarily: 저도 모르게, 부지불식간에, 마지못해, 본의 아니면서, 본의 아니게 involuntary: 본의아닌, 불수의의, 무의식적인, 불수의, 의사에 반한, 부지불식간의, 마음내키지 않는무의식 중의, 무의식 중의 inward: 내적인, 안으로, 내장, 내부, 내부의, 낮은, 창자, 안의, 내심, 마음의, 수입의 irksome: 지루한, 성가신, 넌더리나는, 진저리나는 irons: 족쇄 irradiate: 비추다, 빛나다, 쏟다, 찬란히 빛나는, 쐬다, 부리다, 밝히다, 계발하다, 일광을 쬐다, 기뻐서 빛나게 하다, 방사하다 irradiated: 조사된 irregularly: 불규칙하게, 비정규적으로, 불규칙적으로, 부정기적으로, 고르지 않게 irreparable: 수선할 수 없는, 돌이킬 수 없는 irresistible: 저항할 수 없는, 불문곡직의, 좋다 할수없는, 제어할 수 없는, 억누를수 없는, 사람을 녹이는싫다, 누를 수 없는, 꼼짝 못하게 하는 irresistibly: 저항할 수 없는, 제어할 수 없는, 불문곡직의 irreversible: 거꾸로 할 수없는, 철회할수 없는, 뒤집을 수 없는, 취소할 수 없는, 변경할수 없는, 역전할수 없는, 철회할 수 없는, 거꾸로할 수 없는 irritability: 성급함, 화를 잘냄, 흥분성, 자극, 성미가 급함, 민감함, 성을 잘냄 irritable: 성마른, 민감한, 과민한, 염증을 잘 일으키는, 화를 잘내는, 흥분성의, 자극 반응력이 있는, 안달하는, 반응하는, 성 잘 내는, 성을 잘내는 irritated: 따끔따끔한, 신경질이 난, 자극받은, 염증을 일으킨 irritation: 자극, 염증, 성남, 아픔, 짜증, 화냄, 짜증나게 함, 화, 자극하는것, 짜증나는것, 성나게 함 islet: 작은섬, 작은 섬, 작은 섬과 비슷한 것 isolate: 절연하다, 고립시키다, 격리시키다, 단리시키다, 분리하다,

23 유리시키다 isthmus: 지협, 협부, 수에즈 지협 jackal: 재칼, 앞잡이, 앞잡이 노릇하다, 앞잡이노릇하다, 남의 앞잡이로 이용되는 사람, 앞잡이 노릇을 하다 jaded: 닳아빠진, 몹시 지친, 물린, 지칠 대로 지친 jagged: 톱니 모양의, 들쭉날쭉하게 된, 들쭉날쭉한, 이상하게 된, 바위 따위의 톱니와 같은, 톱니와 같은 jar: 충돌, 삐걱거리는 소리, 거슬리다, 진동하다, 단지, 갈리다, 항아리, 충격, 아가리 넓은 병, 싸움, 신경에 거슬리는 것 jaws: 입 부분, 좁다란 입구 jealousy: 경계심, 샘, 질투, 시기, 빈틈 없는 배려 jerk: 바보, 휙 던지다, 갑자기 밀다, 홱 당기다, 포육으로 만들다, 포육, 경련, 쿡 찌르다, 꽉 비틀다, 내뱉듯이 말하다, 멍청이 jew: 유대인, 히브리인, 유태인, 욕심 많은 고리대금업자 jewel: 보석, 보배, 보석 같은 것, 석, 귀중한 사람, 귀중한 물건 jocose: 익살맞은, 우스운, 우스꽝스러운 jocund: 즐거운, 쾌활한, 쾌할한, 명령한 jocundly: 즐겁게, 명랑하게 jointed: 마디가 있는, 이음매가 있는, 접합의, 관절이 있는 jostle: 서로 밀치기, 밀다, 다투다, 충돌, 찌르다, 부딪치다, 서로 밀다, 을밀다, 난폭하게 밀다, 다투어 서로 빼앗다 jot: 소량, 미소, 대강 적어두다, 공동 감시 소조, 극히 조금, 조금 jovial: 즐거운, 쾌활한, 유쾌한, 명령한 joyless: 쓸쓸한, 기쁨이 없는, 즐겁지 않은 joyous: 즐거운 joyously: 기쁘게 jubilant: 기쁨에넘친, 기쁨에 넘친, 환성을 올리는, 환성을올리는, 환성을 올리며기뻐하는, 기뻐하는 judicious: 현명한, 사려있는, 사려분별이 있는 judiciously: 현명한, 사려있는, 현명하게, 사려있게, 분별있게 juggle: 사기, 속이다, 속여서 빼앗다, 요술, 으로 요술을 부리다, 속여 빼앗다, 요술을 부리다, 사람을 속이다, 남을 속여 빼앗다, 공작하다 juggler: 요술쟁이, 사기꾼 juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기, 접합, 접속, 연접, 전기

24 junk: 정크, 마약, 쓰레기, 고철, 낡은밧줄, 넌센스, 소금에 절인 고기, 허튼말, 헌신문, 쓰레기로 버리다, 못 쓸것 jupiter: 목성, 주피터, 중거리 탄도탄 keel: 배, 용골, 졸도하다, 전복시키다, 용골 별자리, 사람 등을 넘어뜨리다, 배를 뒤집어엎다, 뒤집히다, 뒤집어엎다, 넘어뜨리다, 배가 뒤집히다 keener: 곡꾼 keenly: 예민하게, 날카롭게 keg: 작은 나무통, 작은 통 kentucky: 켄터키 강, 미국남부의 주, 미국남부의주 kidnap: 채가다, 유괴하다, 유괴, 아이를 채가다 kidnapping: 유괴 kindling: 불쏘기개, 불쏘시개, 점화 kindness: 친절, 우정, 상냥함, 친절한 태도, 친절한 행위 kinsman: 남자 친척, 친척의 남자, 혈족의 남자 kissing: 키스하는 kith: 일가 친척, 친구 knave: 잭, 하인, 약한, 신분이 낮은 사내, 무뢰한, 악한, 남자아이 kneeling: 무릎을 꿇는 knives: 나이프, 칼 knob: 혹, 손잡이, 작고 둥근 언덕, 마디, 설상가상으로, 혹이 생기다, 작고 둥근 덩어리, 에 손잡이를 달다 knocker: 문에 달린 노크하는 쇠, 두들기는 사람, 두들기는사람, 문 두드리는 고리쇠, 두드리는 사람, 현관의 문 두드리는 고리쇠 knot: 혹, 무리, 매듭, 매듭을 짓다, 매다, 곤란, 난국, 떼, 나비 매듭, 마디, 매어지다 knotted: 꺼져, 듣기 싫다, 마디가 있는, 어려운, 매듭이 있는, 울퉁불퉁한, 귀찮아, 얽힌 knotting: 편물 세공, 칠하기 전의 손질, 매듭 장식, 매듭 매기, 결절, 마디 knotty: 엉킨, 마디 많은, 해결이 어려운, 매듭 있는, 결절이 있는, 결절의, 분규된 knuckles: 지관절부, 주먹의 지관절부 labor: 노동, 수고, 애써 만들다, 일하다, 노력, 근로, 진통, 진통으로 괴로워하다, 몹시 흔들리다, 진통으로 괴로와하다, 일 labyrinth: 미궁, 미로, 복잡한관계, 내이, 라비린토스, 분규 labyrinthine: 미로의, 미궁 같은, 미로 같은 lacework: 레이스 ladle: 국자, 국자로 푸다, 나누어

The Piazza Tales 주다, 차별 없이 나누어 주다 lament: 비탄, 슬퍼하다, 한탄하다, 비가, 애석해 하다 landsman: 육상 생활자, 풋내기 선원, 육상생활자, 풋내기 뱃사람 landward: 육지쪽으로 languid: 불경기의, 귀찮은, 느른한, 무기력한, 노곤한 languor: 무기력, 시름, 우울, 노곤함 lank: 호리호리한, 야윈, 곱슬곱슬하지 않은, 여윈 lantern: 초롱, 칸델라, 등화실, 환등, 정탑, 등대의 등실, 등실, 채광창, 환등기 lapel: 접어젖힌 옷깃, 접은 옷깃 lapse: 경과, 추이, 잘못, 실수, 소멸하다, 폐지, 모르는 사이에 빠지다, 과실, 물의 고요한 흐름, 고요한 흐름, 타락 larboard: 좌현 larder: 식료저장실, 고깃간 lark: 희롱거리다, 종다리, 농담하다, 장난, 희롱하다, 종달새 lash: 채찍질하다, 세차게 움직이다, 비난, 챗열, 채찍질, 빈정댐, 비꼼, 충격, 부딪치다, 빈정대다, 묶다 lashed: 속눈썹이 있는, 속눈썹이 ...한 lashing: 채찍질, 질책, 밧줄, 묶음, 많음, 묶기 lasting: 영속하는, 영원한 영속, 오래가는, 일종의 튼튼한 나사 latent: 숨어 있는, 숨은, 보이지 않는, 잠복성 lateral: 옆의, 측면의, 옆으로의, 옆쪽, 옆으로부터의, 측음, 가로의, 가로의 옆쪽, 가로장, 측면부 lather: 비누거품, 땀투성이가 되다, 외 만드는 사람, 후려갈기다, 에 비누 거품을 칠하다, 비누가 거품이 일다, 거품이 일다, 비누 거품 latitude: 위도, 범위, 지대, 지역, 자유, 관용도, 한대지방, 사상 따위의 자유 범위, 위도에서 보았을 때의 지방, 노출의 관용도, 자유 범위 lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를 붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자 세공 laureled: 월계관을 쓴, 영예를 짊어진 lava: 용암, 유동상의 용암의, 용암의 lavishly: 풍부한, 아낌없이 주다, 손이 큰, 낭비적인 lawless: 무법의, 누를 수 없는, 법률없는, 법률이 없는, 법률이 행해지지 않는 lawlessness: 법률이 없는 것 lax: 모호한, 느즈러진, 단정치 못한, 느슨한, 혀의 근육이 이완된, 해이해진, 장이 이완된, 이완된

lazarus: 나사로, 거지, 남자 이름, 문둥이 거지 leaded: 납 중독에 걸린, 납을 첨가한 leaden: 답답한, 납의, 납으로 만든, 무딘, 납빛의, 나른한, 뻐근한, 무기력한, 활발치 못한, 무가치한 leafless: 잎 없는 leathern: 가죽의 ledge: 광맥, 암초, 좁은선반, 창 따위에서 돌출되어 있는 선반, 선반, 벽 따위에서 돌출되어 있는 선반 lees: 지게미, 술찌꺼기, 재강, 술 따위의 재강, 포도주 따위의 재강 leeward: 바람이 불어가는 쪽, 바람 불어가는 쪽의, 바람 불어가는 쪽에, 바람 불어가는 쪽으로, 바람 불어가는 쪽 leisurely: 여유있게, 한가하게, 여유 있는, 느릿하게 lengthwise: 세로의, 세로로, 긴 lent: 사순절, 케리므브즈 대학 춘계 보트 레이스 lessen: 적게하다, 줄이다, 얕보다, 작게 되다, 작게 하다, 적게 되다, 적게 하다 lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록, 하지나 않을까 하고 lethargic: 졸린, 노곤한, 혼수상태, 기면증의, 기면성의 levant: 레반트 leveled: 등고의, 등격의 leyden: 네절란드 남서부의 도시 libelous: 중상적인, 명예훼손의, 중상하기를 좋아하는 license: 방종, 면허하다, 면허, 방자, 감찰, 파격, 허가증, 인가, 인가하다, 승낙 liege: 군주, 신하인, 신하, 충성스러운, 군주인, 가신 lifeless: 죽은, 생명없는, 생명이 없는, 활기가 없는, 생물이 살고 있지 않은 lighted: 불이 켜진 lighten: 밝게 하다, 밝아지다, 빛나다, 빛깔을 엷게 하다, 비추다, 번쩍이다, 에게 광명을 주다, 가볍게하다, 환해지다, 경감하다, 의 빛깔을 엷게 하다 lightning: 번개, 전광, 번개와 같은, 번개의 lightsome: 빛나는, 쾌활한, 밝은, 경솔한, 재빠른 lima: 리마 limb: 수족, 날개, 팔, 의 가지를자르다, 앞이, 가장자리, 구, 달 따위의 가장자리, 문장의 구, 엽변, 의 손발을 끊다 lime: 참피나무, 석회, 보리수, 레몬 비슷한 과실, 끈끈이, 라임 주스, 라임, 에 끈끈이를 바르다, 에 석회를

Herman Melville 뿌리다, 새 잡는 끈끈이 lingering: 머뭇거리는, 오래끄는, 못내 아쉬운, 미련이 있는, 오래 끄는, 주저하는 lint: 린트천, 실보무라기 liquor: 알코올 음료, 술, 술을 많이 먹이다, 물약, 용액에 담그다, 독주를 마시게 하다, 독주를 많이 마시다, 분비액 listlessly: 의욕없이, 맥없이 litter: 난잡, 가마, 깔짚, 깃을 깔다, 들것, 난잡하게 어지르다, 어수선하게 흩어진 물건, 잡동사니, 낳다, 쓰레기, 물건을 흩뜨리다 livelihood: 생계, 살림, 호구지책 liveliness: 원기, 선명, 명랑, 활발함, 활기, 쾌활, 생기, 기운참 lizard: 도마뱀, 유흥가의 건달 lo: 보라 loam: 롬, 양토, 찰흙, 옥토 loamy: 롬의, 옥토의, 옥토질의 locality: 장소, 산지, 위치, 현장, 지방성, 풍습 등의 지방성, 부근, 소재지 locker: 로커, 자물쇠 달린 장, 자물쇠를 잠그는 것, 자물쇠를 잠그는 사람 locomotion: 운동, 운동력, 여행, 이동력, 이동 lodgings: 셋방 lodgment: 숙소, 퇴적, 군대의 숙영, 발판, 거점, 숙박, 의사 표시, 항의 따위의 의사 표시 lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한, 치속은, 대단히 높은, 숭고한, 거드럭거리는, 매우 높은 loiter: 빈들빈들 지내다, 빈둥거리다, 빈들빈들 살아가다 loneliness: 쓸쓸함, 외로움 lonesome: 쓸쓸한, 외로운, 고독의, 인적이 드문, 혼자 longevity: 장수, 수명 longing: 갈망, 갈망하는, 사모, 고대, 고향을 몹시 그리워하고 있다, 그리움 갈망하는, 동경, 몹시 그리워하는 long-lived: 목숨이 긴 lordship: 귀족임, 군주임, 각하, 군주의 신분, 귀족의 신분 lore: 지식, 학문, 전승, 특수한 과학적 학문, 과학적 학문, 또는 특수 단체에 관한 과학적 학문 loth: 싫은, 싫어하여 lowermost: 최하의, 맨 밑바닥의, 최저의 lowing: 소의 울음소리 음매하고 우는, 음매하고 우는, 소의 울음 소리 lowly: 비천한, 천하게, 신분이 낮은, 초라한, 겸소한

lowness: 낮음, 미천야비, 헐값, 의기소침, 풀죽음, 비천 lucifer: 샛별, 금성, 마왕, 사탄, 황린 성냥 luckily: 운좋게, 다행히도, 상서롭게, 운 좋게 luckless: 불행한 lugubrious: 애처로운, 가엾은, 슬픈듯 한, 슬픈듯한, 슬픈 듯한 lunacy: 어리석은 짓, 미친증세, 정신이상, 정신 이상 lunatic: 미친, 정신 이상의, 미친사람, 미치광이 lurch: 비틀거림, 경향, 경사, 대패, 차 따위가 갑자기 기울기, 상대를 러치로 이기다, 배 따위가 갑자기 기울기, 궁상, 갑자기 기울기, 러치로 이기다, 갑자기 기울다 lure: 매력, 유혹, 미끼, 유혹하다, 불러들이다, 미끼새, 매를 불러들이다, 매혹 lurid: 창백한, 무시무시한, 무서운, 섬쩍지근하게붉은, 구름 따위 불타 오르듯이 붉은, 불타 오르듯이 붉은, 어쩐지 기분 나쁜, 전광 따위 불타 오르듯이 붉은, 풍경 따위 불타 오르듯이 붉은, 하늘 따위 불타 오르듯이 붉은 lurk: 숨다, 잠복하다, 속임수, 밀행 lurking: 숨어있는 lustily: 튼튼하게 lustrous: 광택있는 lye: 잿물, 세탁용 알칼리액 mace: 권표, 최루 신경 가스, 갈고리 철퇴, 육두구 껍질을 말린 향료, 지대지 핵 유도탄, 불능 화학제, 직장 당구봉, 메이스, 끝이 납작한 공을 치는 막대, 메이스로 공격하다, 철퇴의 일종 machinist: 기계공, 재봉공, 기관병조장, 기계 제작공, 기계 운전자, 간부제 지지자, 기계운전자, 기관 준사관, 기관 준사준위 madras: 마드라스, 마드라스 무명, 고은 무명, 고운 무명 magellan: 마젤란 magically: 마법의, 매력적인 magus: 마기족 사람, 마술사, 동방의세 박사의 단수형 mahogany: 마호가니, 적갈색, 마호가니색의, 마호가니재의, 마호가니재의 식탁, 마호가니재 maidenly: 처녀다운, 처녀답게 maim: 불구자로 만들다, 발을 잘라 불구로 만들다, 불구로 만들다, 손 불구로 만들다 majestic: 당당한, 위엄 있는, 위엄있는 majestical: 당당한

25 majesty: 주권, 폐하, 위엄, 장엄 malacca: 말라카 malachite: 공작석 malady: 병폐, 병, 질병, 특히 만성적인 질병 malay: 말레이 사람, 말레이 사람의, 말레이 어의, 말레이 말, 말레이 반도의 malicious: 악의 있는, 속 검은, 적의 있는 malign: 악의 있는, 유해한, 중상하다, 헐뜯다, 악성의 malignant: 유해한, 악성의, 악의를 품은, 적의 있는, 악의 있는 mammoth: 거대한, 매머드 mandate: 위임, 요구, 명령, 훈령, 위임 통치령으로 하다, 위임 통치령, 성직 수임 명령, 국제 연맹이 위임 통치국으로 지정하다, 선거민의 의원에 대한 요구, 직무 집행영장, 특히 성직 수임의 로마 교황의 명령 manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임, 성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격, 인성, 성인, 성인 남자 manifest: 나타나다, 적하 목록에 기재하다, 명백한, 명시하다, 나타내다, 입증하다, 의견을 발표하다, 적하 목록, 유령 따위가 나타나다, 밖으로 나타내다, 감정 따위를 밖으로 나타내다 manifestation: 표명, 명시, 정견 발표 manned: 유인의, 사람이 탄, 사람을 태운 manoeuvre: 기동 연습, 책동, 전략적 행동, 연습하다, 작전척 행동, 항공기의 선희 등의 운동, 연습시키다, 교묘한 조치, 기동하다, 운동 man-of-war: 군함, 보통 옛날의 군함 mansions: 아파트 mantle: 덮개, 맨틀, 망토, 덮다, 여자의 소매 없는 외투, 망토로 싸다, 벽난로 선반, 벽난로의 앞장식, 액체에 더껑이가 앉다, 더껑이가 앉다 maple: 단풍, 단풍나무, 단풍나무 재목, 단풍나무 같은, 단풍나무의 marge: 여자이름, 인조 버터 mariner: 선원, 금성 탐사용의 우주선, 수부, 화성 maritime: 바다의, 바다에 사는, 해변의, 해상의, 해안 가까이에 사는, 항해의 marl: 이회토, 비료로 쓰는 이회토, 에 이회토를 뿌리다 marly: 이회질의, 이화암 모양의, 이회토로 된, 이회토 비슷한, 이회암으로 된, 이회암 모양의 marshal: 안내하다, 육군 원수,

26 의전관, 정렬하다, 경찰서장, 연방 재판소의 집행관, 사법 비서관, 정렬시키다, 영국 문장원 총재, 시경찰서장, 모임의 접대계 martial: 전쟁의, 호전적인, 무용의, 전쟁에 적합한, 군인다운, 용감한, 무력의, 군신의 martyr: 순교자, 박해하다, 죽이다, 으로 괴로워하는 사람, 질병 따위로 늘 고민하는 사람, 늘 고민하는 사람, 불운 따위로 늘 고민하는 사람, 신앙 때문에 죽이다, 주의 때문에 죽이다 marvel: 경이, 놀라운 것, 경탄, 놀라운 일, 불가사의하게 여기다, 놀라다, 놀람 marvelous: 훌륭한, 놀라운, 괴이쩍은, 불가사이한, 이상한 masked: 가면을 쓴, 숨긴, 차폐한, 가리워진 masking: 차폐, 마스킹, 가장 masonry: 석조 건축, 프리메이슨 조합, 석공직, 석공 직, 벽돌공사, 벽돌공 직, 콘크리트 공사, 콘크리트공 직, 돌공사 massachusetts: 미국 북동부의 주, 매사추세츠, 매사추세츠 주 massacre: 학살하다, 대학살, 헐뜯다, 압승하다, 완패, 대량 학살, 해치우다, 다수의 동물을 학살하다, 남을 헐뜯다, 상대를 압승하다, 시합 따위에서 상대를 압승하다 massy: 실팍한, 무거운, 크고 무거운, 용모 따위가 야무진, 덩어리 모양의, 야무진, 체격 따위가 야무진, 크고 단단한 mast: 돛대, 마스트, 도토리, 평수부로서, 기둥, 돛대를 세우다, 떡갈나무 따위의 열매, 너도밤나무 따위의 열매, 모양의 기둥, 밤나무 따위의 열매 masterly: 대가다운, 훌륭한, 교묘한, 느란하게, 능란한, 대가답게, 훌륭히, 명인 답게, 명인 다운, 대가 답게, 대가 다운 mat: 매트, 신바닥 문지르는 깔개, 멍석, 엉킨 물건, 깔개, 대지, 광택없는-- 대지, 양탄자, 멍석을 깔다, 광택없는, 엉키다 materialist: 유물론자, 유물론자의 materially: 실질적으로, 대단히, 크게, 물질적으로, 질료적으로, 현저하게, 물유적으로, 실리적으로 maternal: 어머니의, 어머니다운 matin: 아침 일과, 아침 노래, 조과, 아침 예배 matins: 조과, 아침기도 matrimony: 결혼, 결혼 생활 matted: 매트를 깐, 헝클어진, 엉킨, 돗자리를 깐, 윤을 없앤, 머리 따위가

The Piazza Tales 헝클어진, 텁수룩한, 광택을 없앤 matting: 돗자리, 멍석, 매트 재료, 거적, 윤 지우기 mayoralty: 시장의 직, 시장의 임기 meadow: 목초지, 강변의 낮은 풀밭 meagre: 빈약한, 결핍한, 불충분한, 무미건조한, 메마른, 야윈, 마른 mechanic: 직공, 기계공, 직공의, 기계적인, 기계역학의, 기계상의, 기계학의, 기계의 mechanically: 기계로, 기계적으로, 기계 장치로 mechanician: 기계학자, 기계 조립공, 기사, 기계기사 meditate: 꾀하다, 숙고하다, 을 묵상하다, 명상하다, 묵상하다 meditative: 명상적인 meekly: 온순하게, 유화하게 melancholy: 우울, 우울한, 습관적인 우울, 우울병, 체질적인 우울, 우울증 mellow: 익은, 원숙한, 풍부하고 아름다운, 향기 높은, 익어 달콤한, 명랑한, 부드럽게 하다, 향기가 높고 맛이 좋은, 부드럽고 아름다운, 토질이 부드러운, 인간이 원숙한 melody: 해조, 선율, 아름다운 곡조, 곡, 가곡, 멜로디 melted: 곤드레만드레 취한 memento: 기념물, 유물, 기념품 mending: 파손품, 수선, 수선할 것, 수선 부분, 고칠 것, 수선 재료 menial: 하인의, 천한, 하인, 천한 일을 하는 mercantile: 상업의, 돈에 눈이 어두운, 무역의 mercenary: 고용된, 돈을 목적으로 일하는, 돈만 바라는, 외국 군대에 고용된, 용병 merchantman: 상선, 상인 merge: 합병하다, 몰입케하다, 융합시키다, 융합하다 meridian: 정오, 자오선, 환경, 장소, 전성기, 특성, 정점, 자오선의 meritorious: 가치 있는, 공적 있는, 칭찬할 만한, 공훈 있는 merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게 merriment: 웃고 즐기기, 흥겹게 떠들기, 환락, 유쾌, 명랑한 소동 merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한, 거나한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한 기분의 metallic: 금속의, 엄한, 냉철한 mettlesome: 위세좋은, 기운찬 mexican: 멕시코의, 멕시코 인의, 멕시코 사람, 멕시코 인 mid: 중앙의, 중간의, 중부의, 중순 midst: 한가운데, 중앙 midway: 중도의, 복도, 통로, 오락장거리, 중간쯤에, 중도에

mien: 풍채, 태도 mildly: 온화하게, 상냥하게, 부드럽게, 다소, 약간 mildness: 온후, 온난, 온화 millstone: 맷돌 mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는 miraculous: 기적적인, 놀랄만한, 불가사의한 mirage: 신기루, 망상, 미라주 misanthrope: 염세가, 인간혐오가, 사람을 싫어하는 사람 misanthropic: 염세적인, 사람 싫어하는, 사람을 싫어하는 misapplied: 악용된 misbehavior: 비행, 버릇 없음 mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자, 익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체 misconception: 오인, 잘못된 생각 miserably: 비참하게, 불쌍하게, 형편없이, 비참할 만큼, 초라하게, 지독히 misfortune: 불행, 불운, 재난 misrule: 악정, 의 통치를 그르치다, 실정 missal: 미사전서, 미사 전서 misshapen: 기형의, 보기 흉한 mississippi: 미국 남부의 주, 북아메리카에서 가장 긴 강, 미시시피, 미시시피 강 mistrust: 신용하지 않다, 의심하다, 추측하다, 불신, 불신용 misty: 희미한, 막연한, 안개가 자욱한, 안개가 짙은, 안개 짙은, 분명치 않은, 안개낀, 눈물 어린, 몽롱한, 모호한, 안개가 덮인 mittens: 권투용 글러브 mizzen: 뒷돛대에 치는, 뒷돛대의 세로돛 뒷돛대의 mob: 폭도, 오합지졸, 군중, 떼지어 습격하다, 소매치기의 일당, 소매치기의 한패, 도둑의 일당, 대중취향, 폭도의, 하충민, 군중의 mock: 모조의, 조소하다, 우롱, 흉내내어 우롱하다, 조소의 대상, 조롱하다, 무시하다-조소의 대상, 무시하다, 모방, 흉내내어 우룡하다, 모조품 mockery: 조롱, 조소의 대상, 헛수고, 흉내, 놀림, 가짜 moist: 습한, 눅눅한, 비가 많은, 습기찬 moisten: 습하게 하다, 적시다, 축축하게 하다, 습기차다 moisture: 습기, 수분 mole: 두더지, 사마귀, 몰, 검은 점, 방파제, 터널굴착기, 그램분자, 스파이 momentary: 순간의, 찰나의, 순간적인, 시시각각의

Herman Melville monarch: 군주, 제주왕나비 monastery: 수도원, 주로 남자의 수도원 monastic: 수도원의, 금욕적인, 소도사의, 수도원적인, 수사 mongrel: 잡종, 주로개, 잡종의, 잡종의 개 monitorial: 감시의, 경고의 monk: 수도사, 수사 monotone: 단조, 단조롭게 이야기 하다, 단조-단조롭게 이야기 하다, 단조의, 단조음, 단조음의 monotonous: 단조로운, 변화가 없어 지루한 monroe: 미국 제 5 대 대통령 montreal: 캐나다 최대의 도시, 상공업 중심지 moodiness: 우울, 변덕 moody: 우울한, 까다로운, 변덕스러운 moonlight: 달빛-아르바이트할, 아르바이트할, 달빛, 정규의 일 이외에 특히 야간에 아르바이트를하다, 달빛의, 부업을 하다, 아르바이트를 하다, 정규의 일 이외에 특히 야간에 부업을 하다, 월광 moralize: 석교하다, 교화하다, 도덕저긍로 해석하다, 도의심을 환기시키다, 도를설교하다, 도덕적으로 설명하다, 도를 가르치다 morbid: 병적인, 섬뜩한, 병의, 불건전한, 무시무시한, 정신이 병적인, 질병에 관한, 질병의 morbidly: 병적으로, 불건전하게 morose: 시무룩한, 까다로운, 부질없는, 꾀까다로운 morosely: 까다롭게, 기분이 언짢게 morsel: 소량, 한조각, 한입, 한 입, 음식물의 한 입 mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, 불치의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것, 사람, 가능한-죽어야 할 것 mortar: 모르타르, 박격포, 회반죽모르타르로 굳히다, 막자 사발, 유발, 절구, 철확, 회반죽 -에 모르타르를 바르다, 에 모르타르를 바르다, 구포 moses: 모세, 지도자, 모제스, 일반적으로 지도자, 남자 이름 moss: 이끼, 늪, 이끼로덮다, 이탄지, 남자 이름 mossy: 이끼 낀, 이끼 같은, 케케묵은 mote: 티끌, 아주 작은 조각, 남의 사소한 결점, 오점 motionless: 움직이 않는, 퍄, 뭄짓으로 신호하다, 움직이지 않는, 정지한, 정지한-뭄짓으로

신호하다링, 팅삥, 동기가 없는 mouldy: 진부한, 곰팡이 같은, 나쁜, 곰팡난, 곰팡이가 핀, 지겨운, 질이 나쁜 mound: 석가산, 작은 언덕, 투수판, 흙무덤, 둑, 둑덕지게 하다 mountainous: 산이 많은, 산더미 같은, 산지의, 산과 같은 mounting: 포가, 설치, 마구, 박제, 장비, 총가, 대포 따위의 설치 mourn: 슬퍼하다, 애도하다, 몽상하다, 상을 입다, 을 슬퍼하다, 탄식하다 mournful: 슬픔에 잠긴, 슬픈, 애처로운 mournfully: 슬퍼 보이게, 슬픔에 잠겨, 절망적인, 천한, 치사한 mourning: 상, 애도, 슬픔, 상복, 비탄 muffled: 소리를 둔하게 한, 소리를 죽인 mulatto: 황갈색의, 백인과 흑인과의 트기, 백인과 흑인의 제일대 혼혈아, 혹백 혼혈아의 mule: 노새, 잡종, 고집쟁이, 슬리퍼, 얼간이, 외고집쟁이, 뒤축 없는 슬리퍼, 동식물의 잡종, 뮬 정방기 mulish: 고집센, 노새 같은, 노새와 같은 multitude: 다수, 군중 multitudinous: 수많은, 다수의 murderous: 살인의, 잔인한, 살인적인 muscular: 근육의, 근육이 늠름한, 근육이 건장한 musically: 음악적으로, 음악상, 장단 맞추어 musing: 생각에 잠긴 musket: 머스켓 총, 구식 보병총 mute: 폐쇄음의, 무언의, 벙어리의, 약음기를 달다, 회장꾼, 말 않는 배우, 벙어리 하인, 벙어리, 벌어리, 묵자의-벌어리, 묵자의 mutely: 무언으로, 소리를 내지 않고, 벙어리같이 mutineer: 폭도, 반항자, 상관에 대한 저항자, 저항자, 폭동자 mutinous: 반항적인, 폭동의 mutiny: 반란을 일으키다, 반란, 반항하다, 폭동, 반항, 폭동-반항, 폭동을 일으키다 muttering: 준얼거리기 mutually: 공동으로, 서로, 상호로 mystic: 신비한, 신비주으자, 비교의, 비교의-신비주으자, 비법의, 신비가, 신비적인, 신비주의적인, 정신적 상징의 mystify: 신비화하다, 어리둥절하게 하다, 속이다, 어리둥절케 하다 mythological: 신화의, 가공의,

27 신화학의, 신화상의 nail: 손톱, 발톱, 못, 붙잡다, 끌다, 터치아웃시키다, 체포하다, 후려갈기다, 네일궐련, 네일, 잡다 nakedness: 결핍, 벌거숭이 노출이 있는 그대로임, 벌거숭이 nameless: 무명의, 명명되지 않은, 익명의, 서출의, 이름 없는, 형언할수 없는, 이름없는, 언어도단의, 언어 도단의, 알 수 없는, 세상에 알려지지 않은 namesake: 이름을 받은 사람, 이름이 같은 사람, 같은 이름의 사람, 어떤 사람의 이름을 딴 사람, 이름을 딴 사람 napkin: 냅킨, 기저귀, 손수건, 냅킨으로 싸다, 생리용 냅킨 narrowly: 좁게, 간신히, 가까스로, 편협하게, 엄밀히, 정밀하게, 도량이 좁게 naught: 무, 제로, 무가치한, 영, 나쁜, 무용의, 망한, 무가치, 붕괴한, 사악한, 아무것도 아님 nautical: 항해의, 선원의, 선박의, 배의, 해사의, 항해술의 navigation: 항해, 항행 선박, 항공, 항행, 항해학항법, 해양 탐험가, 항해학, 항해술, 항공학, 항공술 navigator: 항해자, 해양탐험가, 해양 탐험가, 항행장, 항해술에 능한 사람, 항법사, 항공사, 조종사, 자동조정장치, 항해장 nay: 아니, 거절, 반대 투표, 거부, 그 뿐만아니라, 불가능하다, 그렇기는 커녕, 그렇기는 하나, 라기보다는, 반대, 뿐만아니라 nearness: 가까움, 근사, 접근, 근친, 인색, 흡사, 친밀함 near-sighted: 근시의, 근시안의 necessities: 생필품 necklace: 목걸이, 교수용 밧줄, 네크리스, 목을 달아매는 끈 needless: 불필요한, 쓸데없는 needy: 매우 가난한, 궁핍한 사람들, 가난한, 아주 가난한 negotiator: 교섭자, 양도인, 협상의, 협상자 negress: 흑인여자, 흑인 여자 negro: 니그로, 흑인, 흑인의, 검은, 흑인이 사는, 검은피부의 사람, 흑인에 관한, 아프리카 흑인, 아프리카 흑인 의피를 이어 받은 사람, 약간 검은, 흑인종의 neighbor: 이웃의, 이웃하다, 동포, 이웃사람, 서로 이웃하는 것, 인접하다, 이웃해 있다, 가까운사이이다, 근처에 살고 있다, 근처의 것, 인접한 neighborhood: 근처, 지방, 약, 인근,

28 이웃, 지역, 자네근처의, 이웃사람들주위, 이웃의, 이웃간의 정의, 이웃 사람들 neighboring: 근처의, 이웃의, 인근의, 근처의 인접한, 인접하고 있는 neighborly: 친절한, 이웃 사람다운, 이웃사람다운, 사귐성있는, 우호적인, 이웃 사람답게 nerved: 대담한, 신경이..한, 잎맥이 있는, 활기있는 nervously: 힘차게, 초조하게, 소심하게, 억세게, 신경질적으로 nervousness: 소심성, 신경과민, 겁, 신경 과민 nether: 아래의, 지하의, 지옥의 newfoundland: 뉴펀들랜드, 캐나다동해안의 큰섬, 뉴펀들랜드종 개 nigh: 인색한, 가까운, 근친의, 바람을 옆으로 받으며, 아주 비슷한, 아슬아슬한, 시간적으로 가까이, 시간 따위 가까운, 이해 관계가 깊은, 왼쪽인, 정밀하게 nightfall: 해질녘, 저녁때 해질녁, 황혼 nile: 나일강, 나일 강 nimrod: 사냥꾼, 니므롯, 대수렵기수렵애호가, 수렵광 nippers: 코안경, 집게발, 못뽑이, 게 따위의 집게발 nobility: 고귀한 태생, 귀족, 고결함, 남작, 백작, 숭고, 숭고함, 자작, 후작, 고상함, 귀족상원의원과 그집안 noddy: 바보, 검은제비갈매기, 얼간이, 멍청이, 검은 제비갈매기, 열대 지방산 검은 제비갈매기 noiseless: 소리없는, 소음이 없는조용한, 고요한, 잡음이 적은, 소리가 안나는 noiselessly: 소리나지 않도록, 조용히, 조용하게 nominally: 명목상, 이름뿐으로 nonchalance: 아랑곳하지 않음, 냉담, 무관심, 무심함 nondescript: 막연한, 특징이 없는, 정체모를, 정체를 알수 없는 사람, 정체를 알수 없는, 정체 모를 것, 정체를 알 수 없는, 정체 모를 사람 nonsensical: 무의미한, 터무니 없는, 되지 못한, 시시한, 부조리한 nook: 피난처, 구석, 외딴곳, 구석구석진 곳, 숨는 곳, 은신처 noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을 먹다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮 휴식을 취하다절정에 달하다, 정오에 하는, 최고점 northeast: 동북의, 북동의, 북동, 동북에, 북동으로, 동북에서 온, 동북, 북동쪽으로부터의

The Piazza Tales northerly: 북으로 부터의, 북쪽으로북풍, 북쪽에 위치한, 북쪽으로, 북쪽으로 향한, 북풍, 북으로 northward: 북방, 북을 향하여, 북쪽으로, 북쪽으로의, 북, 북을향한, 북으로 향한, 북쪽으로 향해서, 북쪽으로 향한, 북으로 향해서 northwestern: 북서의, 서북부의, 서북의, 서북에서 부는 northwestward: 서북쪽으로, 서북에 있는, 서북쪽, 서북으로의 notability: 유명함, 저명 notary: 공증인 notch: 단, 오늬, 급, 애로, 새긴 금, 산길, 꿰다, 기록하다, 벤자리, 재다, 금을 그어 기록하다 notwithstanding: 에도 불구하고, 그런데도 불구하고, 할지라도, 불구하고, 한데, 그럼에도 불구하고, 함에도 불구하고, 이라 할지라도 nought: 영, 조금도 ...않다, 무, 보잘것없는 사람, 보잘것없는 물건 novelty: 진기함, 신기로움, 신고안품, 신형 nubian: 누비아 말, 누비아의, 누비아 흑인 nudity: 가림없는 물건, 나체꾸밈없음, 나체화, 벌거숭이, 벌거벗음 nut: 견과, 너트, 머리, 어미나사, 멋쟁이, 대가리, 암나사, 괴짜, 어려운 문제, 성교하다, 석탄의 작은 덩이 oaf: 기형아, 백치아, 천치, 기형아의 oaken: 떡갈나무제의, 오크재의 oakum: 뱃밥 oar: 노, 노젓다, 노젓는 사람, 젓다, 노와 같은 구실을 하는 것, 노젓는 배, 노를 쓰다, 노를 젓다, 배를 노로 젓다 oarsman: 노젓는 사람 oath: 맹세, 선서, 저주, 신의 이름을 남용하기, 욕설 obedience: 복종, 귀의, 교회의 권위, 지배 obedient: 순종하는, 유순한, 고분고분한 obediently: 유순하게, 효성스럽게 oberon: 오베론 obligingly: 친절하게, 자상하게 미치게, 정중하게 oblique: 비스듬한, 간접의, 부정한, 부정, 비스듬히 되다, 사선, 사선면의, 잎 따위 부등변의, 사격의, 사각의, 빗각의 obliterate: 말살하다, 지우다, 의 흔적을 없애다, 흔적을 없애다 oblivious: 잊기쉬운, 관심없는, 잠 따위가 잊혀 지게 하는, 잊혀 지게

하는, 잊기 쉬운 observable: 관찰할 수 있는, 지켜야 할, 주목 할 만한, 눈에 띄게, 주목할 만한 observing: 관찰력이 예리한, 관측적인, 주의깆은 obstacle: 장애, 장애물 obstinate: 완고한, 완강한, 난치의, 고집센, 병이 난치의 obstreperous: 날뛰는, 소란한, 다루기 힘든, 시끄러운 obtuse: 둔각의, 둔한, 머리가 둔한, 칼날이 무딘, 우둔한, 무딘, 각이 무딘, 둔감한 occupancy: 점유, 거주, 인실 occupant: 가옥의 점유자, 토지, 가옥 따위의 점유자, 방 따위의 점유자, 지위 따위의 점유자, 토지 따위의 점유자의, 점유자 oceanic: 대양산의, 해양공학, 대양에사는, 대양의, 대양 같은 octagonal: 변형의, 팔각형의 ocular: 접안경, 눈으로 본, 눈의, 시각상의, 접안렌즈 odor: 냄새, 기미, 방향, 평판 offal: 겨, 기울, 부스러기, 찌꺼기, 찌꺼기 고기, 하치 생선 offend: 싫은, 감정을 해치다, 죄를 범하다, 예의 따위를 위반하다, 죄를 짓게 하다, 정의감 따위를 손상시키다, 감정을 상하게 하다, 위반하다, 감각 따위를 손상시키다, 과오를 범하다, 남의 감정을 상하게 하다 offense: 반칙, 죄, 위반 officious: 비공식의, 참견하기좋아하는, 쓸데없는친절을베푸는, 참견 잘 하는 offing: 난바다 oft: 자주, 종종 oiling: 유출 석유로 인한 오염 oily: 기름의, 기름바른, 유질의, 말솜씨가 좋은, 입에 발린, 유성의 olive: 올리브색, 올리브, 올리브 나무, 올리브 열매, 올리브의, 올리브나무, 올리브나무의 가지, 올리브 빛깔, 어린아이, 얇게 썬 쇠고기를 야채에 싸서 찐 요리, 올리브 빛깔의 olympus: 올림푸스산, 하늘, 올림포스 산, 신들이 사는 하늘 ominous: 불길한, 전조의, 험악한 omission: 생략, 탈락, 태만 omit: 게을리 하다, 생략하다, 하기를 잊다, 할 것을 빠뜨리다, 할 것을 빼먹다, 게을리하다, 할 것을 잊다 omnibus: 승합마차, 잡다한 것을 포함한, 총괄적인, 버스, 염가 보급판 작품선집, 합승 마차, 다수의 항목을

Herman Melville 포함하는, 염가 보급판 작품집, 다수의 것을 포함하는 oppressive: 압제적인, 가혹한, 답답한, 압박하는 opulent: 부유한, 풍부한, 풍부 orbed: 공 모양으로 하는 orbicular: 원형의, 공모양의, 공 모양의 orchard: 과수원, 과수원의 전체 과수 orderliness: 온화, 질서 정연, 순서바름, 유순, 순서 바름, 규율 바름 ordinarily: 대개, 보통, 그만하게, 보통 정도로, 보통으로 ordnance: 병기, 포, 군수품, 군수품부 oriental: 동쪽의, 동양의, 동양풍, 동양인, 동양학, 동양학자, 동양식으로 하다, 동양사람, 동양제국의 originator: 창작자, 발기인, 창설자, 원조, 창시자, 시조 orion: 오리온, 오리온 자리, 오리온 별자리 ornament: 장식품, 장식, 광채를 더하는 사람, 꾸미다, 꾸밈음, 예배용품, 빛을 더해주는 것, 빛을 더해주는 사람, 장식하다, 교회의 예배용품 ornamental: 장식적인, 장식용의, 장식물 ostentatious: 허세부리는, 겉꾸미는, 화려한 outcast: 버림받은, 집없는, 추방자, 배척받은, 버림받은사람, 추방된, 추방된 사람 outgoing: 나가는, 떠남, 사교성이 풍부한, 지출, 출발의, 퇴임하는, 사임하는, 출비, 떠나가는, 출발, 외향성의 outlandish: 이국풍의, 색다른 outlaw: 무법자, 상습범, 법률의 보호를 빼앗긴 사람, 비합법적으로 하다, 법률의 보호를 빼앗다, 추방자, 법률상의 보호를 박탈당한 사람, 법률상의 은전을 박탈당한 사람, 불량배, 사회에서 추방된 사람, 에 대하여 법률의 효력을 소멸시키다 outlive: 보다 오래 살다 outright: 솔직한, 완전한, 명백한, 노골적인, 공공연히, 철저하게, 철저한, 숨김 없이, 당장 outstretched: 펼친, 뻗친 outstrip: 앞지르다, 보다 빨리 가다, 능가하다, 을 능가하다, 추월하다 oval: 달걀 모양의, 난형, 난형의 overboard: 배 밖으로 overcast: 흐린, 흐려지다, 어두워지다, 어두운, 음침한, 어둡게 하다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐린 날씨, 구름으로

뒤덮다, 감치다, 하늘이 흐린 overgrown: 너무 크게 자란, 너무 자란, 전면에 우거진, 지나치게 자란, 키가 너무 큰, 전면에무성한, 꼴사나운, 볼꼴사나운, 너무커진, 식물이 너무 무성한, 사람이 너무 크게 자란 overlook: 바라보다, 빠뜨리고 보다, 내려다 보다, 전망이 좋은 곳, 감시하다, 너그러이 봐 주다, 노려보다, 감독하다, 저주의 눈초리로 노려보다, 보다 높은 데 있다 overpowering: 압도적인, 저항할 수 없는 overset: 뒤집히다, 전복, 타도하다, 뒤엎다, 타도, 뒤집어 엎다 oversight: 실수, 빠뜨림, 감독, 감시, 못보고 넘김 overstep: 지나치다, 한도를 넘다, 지나쳐 가다 overtake: 갑자기 덮쳐오다, 에 뒤따라 미치다, 만회하다, 뒤떨어진 일 따위를 만회하다, 상회하다, 을 뒤따라 잡다, 재난 따위가 엄습해오다, 차가 추월을 하다, 추월을 하다, 추월하다, 폭풍우 따위가 엄습해오다 overthrow: 뒤집어 엎다, 전복, 파괴, 타도하다, 타도, 전복시키다, 정복 overturn: 전복, 타도, 뒤엎다, 타도하다, 파멸, 뒤집히다, 뒤집어 엎다, 전복하다 owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에 기인하는 ox: 수소, 소 p.m: 오후 pacing: 보측 paddle: 방망이로 치다, 아장 아장 걷다, 철벙 거리다, 물장난하다, 노 비슷한 것, 노를한번 저음, 노, 한번 저음, 찰싹 때리다, 기선 따위의 외륜, 보트를 노로 젓다 padlock: 맹꽁이 자물쇠, 맹꽁이 자물쇠로 잠그다 pagan: 이교도, 무종교자, 이교의, 이교화하다, 이단의, 이교도의 pagoda: 탑, 담배 따위를 파는 파고다 모양으로 꾸민 상점, 동양풍의 탑, 신문 따위를 파는 파고다 모양으로 꾸민 상점, 인도의 옛 금화, 파고다 모양으로 꾸민 상점 pained: 아파하는, 감정이 상한, 싱처 입은, 화난 painfully: 애써, 고생하여, 수고하여, 아파서, 아파하여 palanquin: 중국의 가마, 가마, 인도의 가마 palely: 엷게, 창백하게, 활기없이

29 paling: 울짱, 말뚝을 둘러 박기, 말뚝, 말뚝박기 pall: 물리다, 관 덮는 천, 관 씌우개로 덮다, 맛이 없어지다, 막, 음침한 막, 관 덮는 보, 싫증이 나게 하다 palliation: 일시적 완화, 변명, 경감, 참작, 완화책, 고식적인 수단, 질병 따위의 일시적 완화, 아픔 따위의 일시적 완화 pallid: 창백한, 해쓱한, 파랗게 질린 pallor: 창백, 해쓱함, 피부 따위의 창백, 얼굴 따위의 창백 palmer: 성지 순례자, 순례, 참예의 기념으로 종려나무의 가지를 가지고 돌아갔음 paltry: 하찮은, 무가치한, 얼마 안 되는, 보잘 것없는 panegyric: 칭찬의 연설, 찬사, 격찬, 칭송하는 글, 칭송하는 연설, 칭찬의 panoramic: 파노라마의, 파노라마식의, 개관적인, 파노라마같은 pantaloons: 십구세기경의 바지 paradise: 천국, 에덴 동산, 극락, 낙원, 안락, 유원, 군주의 유원, 능금나무 paraguay: 파라과이, 남아메리카 중부의 공화국, 파라과이 사람, 파라과이 강, 마테차 paramount: 최고의, 주요한, 보다 우수한, 최고의 사람 parcel: 꾸러미, 한 떼, 소포, 한 뭉치, 분배하다, 소포로 하다, 소화물, 한 구획, 나누다, 일부분, 한 획의 토지 parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운, 바짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라 있는, 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른 pardonable: 변명이되는, 용서할수 있는, 용서할 만한, 허용할 수 있는, 용서할 수 있는 partake: 한 몫 끼다, 기미가 있다, 같이 하다, 얼마큼 먹다, 참여하다, 에 참여하다, 다소 성질이 있다, 함께 하다 parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜, 흐트러진, 갈라진 participant: 참가자, 관계자, 관계하는, 참가하는 particularized: 특수화한 particulars: 상세 parting: 이별, 고별, 나누는, 출발, 분리, 별세, 고별의, 떠나가는, 머리 따위의 가리마, 저물어 가는, 이별의 passively: 수동태로, 피동적으로 passiveness: 수동 passivity: 무저항, 수동성, 복종, 수동, 냉정, 비활동, 인내 pasteboard: 판지, 카드, 명함, 입장권, 두꺼운 종이, 종이로 만든 pastime: 오락, 기분 전환

30 pasture: 방목하다, 목장, 목초, 목초지, 야구장, 야구장의 외야, 풀을 뜯어먹다, 방목장, 가축을 방목하다 pathway: 오솔길, 좁은길, 길, 좁은 길 patiently: 끈기 있게 patrimony: 세습 재산, 교회 재산, 집안에 전래되는 것, 사원 기본 재산, 교회 기본 재산 patriot: 애국자, 협력 거부자 paw: 손, 서투르게 다루다, 발로 치다, 발, 앞발로 치다, 앞발로 차다, 앞발로 땅을 차다, 앞발로 긁다, 말이 앞발로 땅을 긁다, 말 따위가 앞발로 치다, 말 따위가 앞발로 차다 peach: 복숭아, 미인, 멋진 것, 복숭아 빛, 복숭아의, 밀고하다, 복숭아빛의, 멋있는 사람, 멋있는 것 peaked: 야윈, 뾰족한, 챙있는, 수척한, 모자가 차양이 있는, 차양이 있는 peal: 울림, 한 벌의 종, 종소리의 울림, 종악, 울려 퍼지다, 울려 퍼지게 하다, 음악적으로 가락을 맞춘 한 벌의 종, 종 따위의 울림, 천둥 따위의 울림, 대포 따위의 울림, 우렁차게 울려 퍼지게 하다 pebbly: 자갈이 많은, 자갈 투성이의, 투성이인 peculiarly: 특히, 독특하게, 각별히, 괴이하게, 색다르게, 개인적으로 pecuniary: 금전의, 금전상의 peddle: 행상하다, 행상인, 소매하다, 조금씩 잘라 팔다 pedestal: 기초, 주춧대, 대좌, 근저, 대에 올려 놓다, 대좌위에 올려 놓다, 받침대, 축받이, 흉상 따위의 받침대 peelings: 껍질 벗기기 peep: 출현, 나타나다, 삐악삐악, 엿보기, 엿보다, 작은 소리로 이야기 하다, 훔쳐봄, 훔쳐보다, 들여다보는 구멍, 짹짹울다, 작은 새 따위가 짹짹우는 소리 peer: 동등한 사람, 귀족, 동배, 응시하다, 보이기 시작하다, 희미하게 나타나다, 비길 데 없는, 상원 의원, 동료, 에 필적하다, 자세히 들여다보다 peevish: 성마른, 부루퉁한, 짜증이 난, 투정부리는 penal: 형사상의, 형의, 형을 받아야 할, 벌칙을 과하다, 형벌의, 벌에 해당하는, 형장으로서의, 형에 해당하는 penetrate: 간파하다, 통과하다, 관통하다, 꿰뚫다, 지나가다, 강한 인상을 주다, 깊이 감동시키다, 꿰둘다, 둘고보다, 스며들다, 통찰하다

The Piazza Tales penetrating: 관통하는, 꿰뚫는, 침투하는, 날카로운, 견식 높은, 예리한, 잘 들리는, 통찰력이 있는, 현명한, 예민한 penguin: 펭귄, 펭귄새 penitence: 참회, 후회, 회개, 개천 penitential: 속죄의, 회오의, 고해 세칙서, 회개의 penniless: 무일푼의, 찰가난의, 둔 한 푼 없는 pensive: 구슬픈, 생각에 잠긴, 생각에 잠겨 있는 pensively: 생각에 잠긴 채로, 구슬프게 perceptible: 지각 할 수 있는, 인지할 수 있는, 지각할 수 있는 perch: 앉다, 횃대, 얹다, 두다, 농어류의 물고기, 높은 지위, 마부석, 마차 따위의 마부석, 새 따위를 앉게 하다, 좌석, 새가 앉는 횃대 percussion: 충격, 진동, 타악기의 연주, 타악기부, 타진, 타진법, 두드려서 연주하기, 격발장치, 격발 perilous: 위험한 periodic: 주기적인, 도미문의, 정기 간행의, 시대의, 도미문, 간헐적인, 단속적인, 주기 운동을 하는 perish: 멸망하다, 썩어 없어지다, 지독하게, 죽다, 괴롭히다혹독한, 말라 죽다, 무너지다, 무너지다-몹시 곤란하게 하다, 몹시 곤란하게 하다, 의 기능을 잃게 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다 perished: 매우 곤란한, 지친, 초췌해진 perishing: 몹시, 지독하게, 추위 따위 혹독한, 죽는 pernicious: 유해한, 치명적인, 파괴적인, 유독한 perpendicular: 수직의, 수선, 수직면, 직각을 이루는, 수직의 위치, 수직, 선 채로의, 깍아지근 듯한-수직면, 수직식의, 수직선 건축, 수직 위치 perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는, 사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물, 부단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한, 영속하는, 다년생의, 싸움 따위 부단한 perpetually: 영구히, 영속적으로, 끊임없이, 그칠사이 없이, 일년 내내, 시종 perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한, 어찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈 perplexing: 혼란한, 까다로운, 당혹한, 곤혹시키는, 문제 따위 곤혹시키는 perplexity: 난처한 일, 당황, 혼란, 분규, 난국, 곤혹 persecute: 괴롭히다, 지근거리다, 박해 하다, 특히 이교도 등을

학대하다, 성가시게 괴롭히다, 학대하다 persecution: 종교적 박해, 종교적인 박해 persevering: 참을성 있는, 참을서 있는 persist: 고집하다, 지속하다, 주장하다 personage: 인물, 저명 인사, 사람, 명사, 소설의 등장 인물, 등장 인물, 극의 등장 인물, 역사상의 인물 persuasion: 설득, 확신, 종류, 종파, 신념, 종지 pertinacious: 끈질긴, 완고한, 집요한, 끈기 있는, 불굴의, 사람 따위 불굴의, 행동 따위 불굴의, 의견 따위 불굴의 peruvian: 페루의, 페루 사람, 페루 사람의 perverse: 사악한, 빙퉁그러진, 사악, 곡해하는, 심술 궂은, 외고집, 성질이 비뚤어진, 태도가 정도를 벗어난, 뜻대로 되지 않는, 정도를 벗어난, 일이 뜻대로 되지 않는 petrel: 바다 제비류, 슴새과의 작은 새, 바다제비과의 작은 새 pew: 펜치형 좌석, 교회의 가족석, 좌석, 자리, 교회의 좌석 phantom: 환상, 유령, 환영, 꼭두, 유령같은, 가공의, 독깨비, 도깨비, 모형, 외관뿐인 것, 외관뿐인 사람 philanthropy: 박애, 박애주의 phlegmatic: 점액질의, 냉담한, 둔감한, 가래가 많은, 담이 많은 physician: 의사, 내과 의사 physiognomy: 얼굴, 외형, 지상, 골상학, 인상학, 지형 physiological: 생리학의, 생리적인, 생리학상의 piazza: 베란다, 특히 이탈리아 도시의 광장, 광장 pictorial: 그림이 실린 잡지, 화보, 그림의그린 것같은, 그림의, 그림의그린 것같은-화보 picturesque: 그림같은, 생생한, 아름다운, 그림 같은 piecemeal: 조금씩, 조각난, 산산이 조각난, 산산이, 산산조각의, 제각기 piety: 경건, 효성, 순종, 공순, 효행, 공손 pigeon: 비둘기, 속기 쉬운 사람, 을 사취하다 piled: 보풀이 있는 piles: 치질, 말뚝 pilgrim: 순례자, 방랑, 여행, 방랑자, 어느 지방으로의 새 이주자, 필그림 파더즈중의 한 사람, 순례하다, 새 전입자, 새 전입이주자, 어느 지방으로의 새 전입자 pillar: 기둥, 주석, 기둥 모양의 것,

Herman Melville 기둥 모양의 우체통, 기둥으로 받치다, 붉은 기둥 모양의 우체통 pillow: 베개, 방석, 덧대는 물건베개로 하다, 베개삼다, 베어링, 올려놓다 pinnacle: 높은 곳에 두다, 높은 산봉우리, 작은 뾰족탑, 작은 뽀족탑, 작은 첨탑, 첨탑에 설치하다 pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은, 종교적인, 효성스러운, 실현 가능성이 없는, 종교심으로의, 탄복할 만한 pipestem: 말라서 가느다란 팔, 담배 파이프의 대 pirate: 약탈하다, 해적, 침해자, 저작권을 침해하다, 훔치는 사람, 약탈자, 저작권, 해적짓을 하다, 해적질하다, 약탈자-해적짓을 하다, 표절자 piratical: 해적질하는, 저작권 침해의, 해적의, 표절의, 해적인 pitcher: 던지는 사람, 투수, 물주전자, 피처, 던져 싣는 사람, 짚 따위를 짐차에 던져 싣는 사람, 주머니 모양의 잎, 건초 따위를 짐차에 던져 싣는 사람, 가벼운 철제 타구봉 piteously: 가련하게 pitfall: 함정, 유혹 pitiable: 비천한, 가엾은 pitiably: 부쌍하게, 비열하게 pitying: 동정하는, 불쌍히 여기는 placid: 평온한, 침착한, 온화한 plague: 역병, 천재, 괴롭히다, 재해, 귀찮은 일, 성가신 사람, 천벌, 말썰역병에 걸리게 하다, 역병에 걸리게 하다, 페승, 재화 따위를 당하게 하다 planter: 파종기, 재배자, 식민자, 심는사람, 농장 주인, 종장 주인, 십칠세기에 몰수지로 이민한 스코틀랜드 사람, 강 바닥에 깊이 박힌 나무, 심는 사람, 초기의 이민, 십칠세기에 몰수지로 이민한 잉글랜드 사람 planting: 심기, 파종, 식수 조림, 기초 밑층, 재배 platter: 음반, 레코드, 타원형의 얕은 큰 접시, 본루 plausibly: 그럴 듯하게, 정말 같게 playful: 놀기 좋아하는, 농담의 playfully: 쾌활하게, 농담으로, 명랑하게 plaza: 광장, 큰 광장 pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게, 즐겁게, 쾌활하게 pleasantness: 유쾌함 pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성 있는 plebeian: 비속한, 평민의, 평민, 평민-평민의

pledge: 축배, 서약, 금주의 맹세, 담보, 담보로 넣다, 저당 잡히다, 표시, 건강을 위해 축배를 들다, 보증, 서약하다, 보증-서약하다 pleiades: 묘성, 일곱으로 된 한 벌 plenipotentiary: 전권 대사, 전권을 가지는, 전권을 가진이 있는, 전권을 가진, 전권 위원, 절대적인 pliant: 휘기 쉬운 plight: 상태, 서약, 서약하다, 곤경, 보통 나쁜 상태, 맹세하다, 맹세 plotter: 음모자, 지도작성자 pluck: 잡아당기다, 담력, 용기를 불러 일으키다, 용기, 꽃과 과일 따위를 따다, 털을 잡아 뽑다, 잡아채다, 현악기의 튕겨 소리내다, 낙제, 낙제시키다, 낙제시키다-획 당기다-잡아당김 plumage: 깃털 plume: 깃털, 깃털로 장장식하다, 물기둥-새가 부리로 깃털을 고르다, 연기나 구름 따위의 기둥, 영예 표시, 깃 모양의 털, 새가 깃털을 다듬다, 깃털로 꾸미다, 깃털로 장식하다, 다듬다, 명예 표시 plunging: 내려쏘는, 뛰어드는 plutonian: 지옥의, 플루토의 ply: 경향, 에 열성을 내다, 부지런히 일하다, 두께, 음식등을 강요하다, 올, 부지런히 일하게 하다, 버릇, 질문 등을 퍼붓다, 겹, 가닥 poacher: 밀렵자, 밀어자, 수란짜 poetic: 시의, 시적인, 시에 적합한, 시인의 point-blank: 직사로, 직사의, 사격 따위 직사로, 사격 따위 직사의 poise: 허공에 매달리다, 균형 잡히게 하다, 안정, 미결단, 가짐새, 하늘을 돌다-평형, 하늘을 돌다, 평형, 창 따위를 잡고 자세를 취하다균형잡히다, 창 따위를 잡고 자세를 취하다, 균형잡히다 poisoning: 중독 poisonous: 유독한, 악의 있는, 유해한 polar: 정반대의 성질의, 이온화한, 극의, 극지의, 전극의, 행동 따위 정반대의, 극선의, 극선, 경향 따위 정반대의, 북극의, 자석 따위 극을 가진 polynesia: 폴리네시아, 폴리네시아의, 폴리네시아 사람 polynesian: 폴리네시아의, 폴리네시아 사람, 폴리네시아 사람폴리네시아의, 폴리네시아 어파의, 폴리네시아 인, 폴리네시아 인의 ponce: 몰래 지내다, 정부 노릇하다, 정부가 되다, 정부, 정부-정부가 되다-정부 노릇하다, 매춘부의 기둥

31 서방, 기둥 서방 생활을 하다, 기둥 서방 ponderous: 육중한, 다루기 힘든, 답답한, 대단히 무거운, 묵직한, 매우 무거운 poop: 고물-고물을 치다, 바보, 하찮은 자, 피로하게 하다, 지쳐빠지다, 지쳐 빠지게 하다, 의 고물을 치다, 원래 고물, 남을 지쳐 빠지게 하다, 기계 따위가 움직이지 않다, 고물 populace: 대중, 서민, 하층 계급 popularly: 일반적으로, 통속적으로 populous: 인구 조밀한, 인구가 조밀한 porch: 베란다, 현관, 옛날 아테네에서 제노가 제자들을 모아서 철학 강의를 한 복도 portent: 전조, 흉조, 불길한 일의 조짐, 중대한 일의 조짐, 조짐 portly: 당당한, 비만한, 몸집이 뚱뚱한 portuguese: 포르투갈 사람, 포르투갈의, 포르투갈 사람포르투갈의, 포르투갈 인, 포르투갈 인의, 포르투갈 어, 포르투갈 말, 포르투갈 어의 possessor: 소유자, 점유자 posterity: 자손, 후세 post-mortem: 사후의, 검시, 검시 해부, 검시해부 post-office: 우체국, 우체국 놀이, 우체국의 postpone: 연기하다, 을 연기하다 posture: 상태, 자세, 인 체하다, 자세를 취하다, 형세, 태도, 젠체하다, 신체의 자세, 어떤 자세를 취하다, 어떤 태도를 취하다, 어떤 특정한 자세 potency: 효력, 세력, 힘, 유효성, 권위, 잠재력, 효능, 설득력, 권력 pouch: 작은 주머니, 자루처럼 만들다, 주머니에 넣다, 주머니, 자루 모양으로 되다, 오므라지게 하다자루 모양으로 되다, 오므라지게 하다, 주머니 모양이 되다, 주머니주머니에 넣다, 처진 살, 눈 밑의 처진 살 powdered: 가루모양의, 가루의 powerless: 무력한, 무능한 prairie: 대초원, 숲속의 조그만 빈터, 초원 praising: 칭찬하는 것, 찬양하는 것, 신을 찬미하는 것, 신을 숭배하는 것 preacher: 설교자, 목사 precarious: 불안정한, 위험한, 남의 뜻에 좌우되는, 불확실하다, 믿을 수 없는, 근거가 불확실한, 남의 마음대로 되는

32 precede: 앞서다, 에 우선하다, 선행하다, 의 상위에 앉다, 보다중요하다, 의 앞에 나서다, 의 윗자리에 앉다 precincts: 경계 precipice: 절벽, 벼랑 precipitately: 갑자기, 줄달음질쳐, 곤두박질로, 돌연 preeminence: 발군, 탁월, 걸출 preface: 서문, 허두, 시작하다, 머리말, 서문을 쓰다, 에 서문을 붙이다, 에 머리말을 붙이다 prepossessing: 호감을 갖게하는, 귀염서 있는, 귀염성 있는 prescription: 규정, 시효, 처방, 명령, 처방전, 규정하기, 약 따위 처방전이 없으면 사지 않는, 처방전이 없으면 사지 않는 presentiment: 예감, 불안감 presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다, 이라고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다, 주제넘게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다, 가정하다 presuming: 주제넘은, 뻔뻔스러운, 염치없는 pretended: 거짓의 pretense: 구실, 주장, 거짓 꾸밈, 요구, 허위, 허세, 겉치례, 겉치레 prevail: 이기다, 우세하다, 설복하다, 유행되다, 잘 되다, 설득하다 prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의, 일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진 priestley: 극작가, 존 보스톤, 영구의 소설가 prima: 으뜸가는, 제일의, 주요한 princely: 왕자에 어울리는, 기품 높은, 장려한, 왕자의, 왕자같은, 왕자 같은, 왕자답게, 관대한, 기품 놓은, 왕후 다운, 왕후의 privy: 옥외 변소, 비밀의, 내밀히 관여하고 있는, 당사자, 몰래 관여하는, 일개인의, 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 은밀히 관여하는, 에 몰래 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 몰래 관여하는 pro: 찬성하여, 매춘부, 프로, 찬성론, 프로의, 찬부양론, 직업적인, 직업선수의, 직업선수, 전문가, 찬성하여-찬부양론 proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치, 소송절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송 절차, 행위, 의사, 진행 procession: 행렬, 행진, 순위에 변화가 없는 재미 없는 경주, 행진하다, 행령을 지어 나아가다, 행렬을 지어 나아가다, 행렬의 행진 proclaim: 선언하다, 나타내다, 공표하다, 금지령을 선포하다,

The Piazza Tales 선포하다, 지역 따위에 금령을 내리다, 금령을 내리다 proclamation: 선언, 성명서, 선언서 procure: 알선하다, 얻다, 가져오다, 획득하다, 뚜쟁이질하다, 일으키다, 특히 노력하거나 애를 써서 획득하다, 매춘부를 주선하다 profane: 세속적인, 이교적인, 불경한, 모독의, 남용하다, 사교의-더럽히다, 사교의, 더럽히다, 신성을 더럽히는, 오용하다, 의 신성을 더럽히다 professionally: 전문적으로, 직업적으로, 전문적으로 말하면, 직업상 profoundly: 깊이, 매우, 심원하게, 몹시 profuse: 아낌없는, 풍부한, 통이 큰 profusion: 풍부, 대량, 낭비, 활수 progeny: 자손, 결과, 프로게스테론 projection: 계획, 돌출, 발사, 사출, 영사, 주관의 객관화, 투사, 투영, 주관의 투영, 돌출부 prometheus: 프로메테우스 promontory: 곶, 갑 prompt: 사상, 곧...하는, 민속한, 힌트를 주다, 즉시의, 숨어서 대사를 일러주다, 생가가나게 하다, 생각나게 하다, 정확히, 자극하다, 자극하는 것 prompting: 격려, 고무, 고취, 무대 뒤에서 대사를 일러줌, 선동 pronouncing: 발음, 발음의, 발표, 선언, 발음을 표시하는 prophetess: 여자 예언자 proportionally: 비례하여 proprietor: 경영자, 소유자, 소유주, 독점권 소유자, 집주인, 사업주 propriety: 적당, 예의 범절, 예의 바름, 타당, 교양, 예의 prosperously: 유복하게, 순조롭게, 번영하여 prostrate: 엎드린, 넘어뜨리다, 패배한, 넘어진, 굴복시키다, 부복한, 엎드리다, 항복시키다, 포복성의, 쇠약하게 하다, 쓰러뜨리다 protracted: 오래 끈 providence: 섭리, 장래에 대한 배려, 신의 뜻, 신조, 검약, 선견, 하나님, 천우, 신의 provocation: 자극, 성나게 함, 성남, 화, 성나게 하기, 화나게 하는 것 provoke: 자극하다, 성나게 하다, 불러 일으키다, 일으키다, 야기하다, 화나게 하다 prow: 이물, 기수, 용감한, 용맹스러운, 뱃머리 prowl: 찾아 헤맴, 배회, 헤매다-배회, 헤매다, 배회하다, 훔칠 기회를 노려 기웃거리다, 기웃거리다, 시내를

배회하다, 사냥감 기웃거리다 proximity: 접근 prudence: 신중, 분별, 사려, 검소, 여자 이름, 사려 분별 prudent: 신중한, 조심성 있는, 분별 있는, 조심스러운 prudential: 조심성 있는, 분별 있는, 신중한, 신중한 고려 pshaw: 흥, 체, 기가 막혀, 코웃음 치다 puddle: 흙탕물이 되게 하다, 흙탕을 휘젓다, 웅덩이, 이긴 지흙이 되게하다, 이긴 진흙, 흙탕물로 적시다, 이긴 진흙-흙탕물로 적시다, 흙반죽을 만들다, 흙반죽, 흐리게 하다, 점토와 모래를 물로 이긴 흙반죽 pugilistic: 권투의, 권투 선수의, 프로 권투의 pulmonary: 폐의, 폐를 침범하는, 펫병의, 폐를 가진 pumpkin: 호박, 허세부리는 사람 punchinello: 어릿광대, 땅딸보, 펀치넬로 punctilio: 자상한 점, 형식 차림, 수속 따위의 미세한 점, 의식 따위의 미세한 점, 절차 따위의 미세한 점, 미세한 점 punctilious: 형식을 차리는, 까다로운, 꼼꼼한, 쓸데없이 격식을 차리는, 격식을 차리는 punctual: 시간을 엄수하는, 기한을 잘 지키는, 시간을 잘 지키는 punctuality: 시간 엄수, 꼼꼼함, 기한을 어기지 않음 puny: 아주 작은, 미약한, 보잘것 없는, 자그마한 purgatory: 연옥, 일시적인 고난 상태, 지옥 같은 곳, 깨끗이 하는, 일시적인 고난, 고난 purity: 청정, 결백, 청결, 순정, 정격, 문체의 정격, 어구의 정격, 청렴 purposely: 고의로, 일부러, 고외로 purse: 돈주머니, 돈지갑, 오므라지다, 금전, 상금, 기부금-오므리다, 오므리다, 동식물 따위의 낭, 오그라들다, 입술을 오므리다, 낭 pursy: 뚱뚱한, 숨이 가쁜, 뚱뚱하여 숨이 가쁜, 천식으로 숨이 가쁜 pyrenees: 피레네 산맥 quadrant: 사분면, 사분의, 사분원 quadruplicate: 네겹으로 하다, 네 배의, 네 겹으로 하다, 네 배로 하다, 네 통 중의 하나, 네 겹의 quaff: 통음, 꿀꺽꿀꺽 마시다, 술을 꿀꺽꿀꺽들이켜다, 단숨에 들이켜다, 꿀꺽꿀꺽 마심, 쭉 들이켬, 단숨에 들이켜기, 꿀꺽꿀꺽 들이켜다 quaintly: 기묘하게, 색다르게

Herman Melville quake: 흔들리다, 떨림, 흔들림, 떨리다, 진동하다, 덜덜떨다, 요동, 지진, 부들부들떨다 quaking: 떨고있는, 전율하고 있는, 흔들리는 qualmish: 메스꺼운, 양심의 가책을 받는, 마음의 가책을 느끼는, 느글거리는, 양심에 걸리는 quart: 쿼트, 액량의 단위, 건량의 단위, 일쿼트들이의 병, 일쿼트들이의 단지 quarter-deck: 선미 갑판, 고급 선원 queer: 수상한, 가짜돈, 몸이 좋지 않은, 비역쟁이, 기묘한, 술취한, 부정한, 우스운, 결딴내다, 기분 나쁜, 술에 취한 questionable: 의심스러운, 수상 쩍은, 수상한 questioner: 질문자, 심문자 quickness: 민첩, 성급함, 신속, 기민, 빠르기, 급격, 속도, 성마름, 급속 quick-witted: 약삭빠른 quiescent: 조용한, 활동없는, 정지한 quietness: 조용함, 평온, 고요함, 마음의 평정, 휴양 quietude: 조용함, 평온, 정온, 고요, 정적 quito: 에콰도르의 수도, 키토 quits: 승패 없이 대등하여, 피장 장이 된, 갚거나 또는 보복하여 피장 장이 된 quivering: 진동하는, 떨고 있는, 떨리는 rabble: 무질서한 군중, 뒤죽 박죽된것, 오합지중, 교반봉, 교반봉으로 휘젓다, 되는 대로 일을 하다, 떼, 빨리 말하다, 떼를 지어 습격하다, 어중이 떠중이, 와글대는 어중이 떠중이 racehorse: 경주말, 경주마, 경마용 말 rack: 고문, 파괴, 그물 선반, 선반, 고문대, 고문하다, 조각구름, 착취하다, 침대, 경구보로 뛰어가다, 황폐 racket: 직업, 라켓, 소음, 시련, 셈을 치르다, 공갈, 협잡, 소동, 협박 라켓으로 치다, 부정한 돈벌이, 부정 radiance: 광휘, 빛남, 광채, 발광, 눈.얼굴의 빛, 방열 radiant: 빛나는, 즐거운 듯한, 광점, 빛을 내는, 복사의, 찬란한, 빛을 발하는, 방사의, 방사점, 방산 분포의, 방사되는 radius: 반지름, 요골, 반경, 범위, 복사선, 바늘, 반경 범위, 살, 지역, 구역, 사출화 raft: 뗏목, 다량, 유목, 다수, 뗏목으로 가다, 뗏목배, 뗏목을 쓰다, 부대, 뗏목으로 건너다, 뗏목으로 엮다,

부잔교 rafting: 쟁기질을 하여 밭이랑을 만들기 rag: 넝마, 조각, 꾸짖다, 단편, 놀리다, 장난치다, 신문, 법석, 누더기, 막, 지폐 ragged: 조화되지 않은, 울툭불툭한, 남루한, 초라한, 불완전한, 찢어진, 야생의, 깔쭉깔쭉한, 손질을 게을리한, 결점이 있는, 고르지 못한 raggedly: 조화되지 않은, 울툭불툭한, 껄끄러운, 비쭉비쭉한, 불완전한, 남루한, 찢어진, 초라한, 해진, 고르지 못한 rags: 누더기 rainbow: 무지개, 덧없는 희망, 무지개의 ram: 숫양, 충각, 때려 박다, 자동 양수기, 램, 다져 굳히다, 등속 추출 기억장치, 달구로 다지다, 달구, 피스톤, 충각으로 들이받다 ramble: 산책, 종작없는 이야기, 어정거림, 뻗어 가는, 덩굴풀 따위가 우거지다, 우거지다, 빈둥빈둥거닐다, 만보, 두서없이 쓰다, 거닐다, 두서없이 지껄이다 rampant: 만연하는, 뒷발로 일어선, 유행하는, 맹렬한, 자유분방한, 사나운, 분방한, 뒷발로선, 마구 퍼지는, 질병 따위가 유행하는, 특히 사자가 뒷발로 일어선 rapidity: 속도, 급속, 민첩, 신속 rapids: 여울 rapt: 열중한, 황홀한, 빼앗긴, 골몰한, 열심인, 황홀해 있는, 몰두한, 마음을 빼앗긴, 넋을 빼앗긴, 골똘한 rash: 무모한, 발진, 뾰루지, 지각없는, 성급한, 무분별한, 부스럼, 빈발, 다발, 경솔한, 조급한 rashness: 무모, 분별, 무모함 raspberry: 나무딸기, 입술과 혀를 진동시켜 내는 소리, 입술사이에서 혀를 진동시켜 내는 야유소리, 라즈베리, 나무 딸기, 혹평, 혀를 차는 소리, 입술 사이에서 혀를 차는 소리 rattle: 놀라게 하다, 혼란시키다, 수다스러운 사람, 딸랑이, 힘차게 차를 몰다, 상소리로 꾸짖다, 흥분시키다, 향음기관, 척척해치우다, 일사천리로 통과시키다, 을덜컥덜컥 움직이다 rattling: 활발한, 굉장한, 덜거덕거리는, 훌륭한, 아주, 성가신, 매우, 딸랑거리는, 대단히, 기운찬, 귀찮은 ravenous: 굶주린, 게걸든, 게걸스럽게 먹는, 탐욕스런, 마구 먹어대는

33 razor: 면도칼, 면도기, 에 면도칼을 대다 readiness: 신속, 준비, 쾌락, 준비성, 준비가 되어 있음, 용이, 자진해서함, 재빠름 reappear: 재현하다, 재발하다, 다시 나타나다 reasoned: 사리에 맞는, 상세한 이유를 붙인, 도리에 입각한, 숙고한 끝의 reassure: 재보증하다, 안심시키다, 다시 자신을 갖게하다, 다시 용기를 내게 하다, 에게 힘을 북돋우다 rebellious: 반항적인, 다루기 힘든, 반항하는, 반역심이 있는, 반란하는, 모반의, 힘에 부치는, 다루기 어려운, 낫기 힘든, 난치의, 모반하는 rebuff: 거절, 좌절, 퇴짜, 퇴짜 놓다, 저지하다, 박참, 박차다, 거절하다, 퇴박하다 recapitulatory: 요약적 receptacle: 저장소, 용기, 소켓, 그릇, 콘센트, 꽃턱, 피난소, 두는 곳, 꽃받침 recess: 휴회, 휴게, 휴가, 구석, 와, 휴회하다, 은거지, 휴식, 후미진 곳, 벽장, 감추다 reciprocal: 역수, 상호의, 역의, 호혜적인, 상반하는, 상호간의, 반수, 상반되게, 상반의, 상보물, 호혜적으로 reciprocally: 상호적으로, 서로 reciprocation: 교환, 왕복 운동, 보복, 보답, 응수, 왕복운동, 대응, 되갚음, 고환 recital: 이야기, 암송, 상술, 독주, 독주회, 낭송, 낭독, 비고 부분, 사실의 설명 부분, 연주회, 자세한 설명 reckless: 개의치 않는, 무모한, 분별 없는, 앞뒤를 가리지 않는 recklessness: 무모, 무분별 recluse: 은둔한, 쓸쓸한, 외로운, 운둔자, 세상을 버린 사람, 속세를 떠난 사람 recoil: 뒷걸음질, 반동, 뒷걸음질치다, 되튀다, 위축, 되튀기, 진저리침, 공무니빼다, 혐오, 다시 감다, 퇴각하다 recollect: 다시 모으다, 회상하다, 가라앉히다, 생각해 내다, 생각나다, 기억나다, 북돋우다, 진정시키다, 냉정하게 하다, 다시 불러일으키다, 상기다 recollections: 추억 recompense: 보답, 갚다, 보상, 보수, 보상하다, 보답하다, 배상, 에게 보답하다 recondite: 숨겨진, 난해한, 심원한,

34 알기 어려운, 심오한 recurring: 회귀하는, 되풀이하여 발생하는, 순환하는, 반복되어 발생되는 reef: 암초, 축범부, 축범하다, 모래톱, 장애물, 줄이다, 짧게하다, 광맥, 초, 돛의 축범부, 돛을 줄이다 refectory: 식당, 다실, 휴게실, 특히 수도원의 식당 refined: 세련된, 우아한, 미묘한, 정제된, 정확한, 정련한, 정교한, 엄정한, 정묘한, 품위있는, 정제한 refit: 수리하다, 수리, 수리되다, 개장, 재장비되다, 개장되다, 수리를 받다, 특히 배의 수리, 선박 따위를 개장하다, 재장비하다, 개장하다 refrain: 후렴, 참다, 자제하다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 반복구, 억제하다, 억누르다, 멀리하다, 그만두다 억제하다 후렴, 상투문구 refresh: 원기를 회복하다, 새롭게하다, 새로 고침, 청산하게하다, 새 것 처럼 만들다, 다시 활활 타게하다, 상쾌하게 하다, 새로이 공급하다, 원기를 회복시키다, 충전하다, 보급하다 refreshing: 상쾌한, 가슴이 후련한, 산뜻한, 상쾌하게 하는, 새롭고 신나는, 참신하고 기분 좋은, 산뜻하게 하는, 청신한 refreshment: 원기 회복, 원기를 회복시키는 것, 휴양, 다과, 원기를 북돋우는 것, 음식물, 피로 풀기, 가벼운 음식물, 기분을 상쾌하게 함, 특히 간단한 음식물, 간단한 음식물 regain: 회복하다, 되찾다, 복귀하다, 로 되돌아가다, 다시 도착하다, 탈환하다, 에 귀착하다, 에 복귀하다 regalement: 성찬, 향응, 산해진미, 대접, 성찬을 먹음 regards: 문안 인사, 편지 따위의 문안 인사 regularity: 규칙적임, 정규, 질서, 균형, 정상, 일정불변, 조화 regulate: 조절하다, 규정하다, 규제하다, 통제하다, 표준, 조정기, 정리하다, 규칙적이 되게하다, 규칙바르게하다, 규칙 바르게하다, 단속하다 reinforcement: 보강, 강화, 증원, 증원군, 증원대, 지원병, 보급, 증원 함대, 증원 부대, 보강재 rejoin: 응답하다, 다시 결합하다, 재회하다, 다시 함께 되다, 다시 합치다, 재 합동시키다, 재결합시키다, 재결합하다, 재합동시키다, 항변하다, 대답하다 relapse: 재발, 타락, 되돌아감, 퇴보, 병이 도지다, 도짐, 다시 나쁜길에

The Piazza Tales 빠지다, 되돌아가다, 타락하다, 병의 재발, 원상태로 되돌아가다 relic: 유물, 유골, 유적, 기념품, 유풍, 유보, 성골, 시체, 잔재, 자취, 유품 relics: 시체, 유물 relinquish: 양도하다, 포기하다, 을 쥔 손을 늦추다, 그만두다, 손을 놓다, 놓아주다, 버리다, 떠나다, 기권하다 remit: 송금하다, 면제하다, 보내다, 다시 투옥하다, 연기하다, 의뢰하다, 조회하다, 하급 법원에 환송하다, 용서하다, 감퇴하다, 경감하다 remnant: 나머지, 유물, 자투리, 찌꺼기, 잔존물, 지스러기, 잔여, 나머지 의, 유풍, 자취, 끄트러기 remorse: 양심의 가책, 후회, 연민, 회한, 자책, 자비 remorseless: 무자비한, 뉘우치지 않는, 무정한, 잔인한, 가차 없는, 냉혹한, 후회없는 remunerative: 유리한, 보수가 있는, 이익있는, 보답이 있는, 수지 맞는, 수익이 있는, 이익이 있는 render: 번역하다, 연출하다, 나타내다, 돌려주다, 제출하다, 보답하다, 표현하다, 하다, 이 되게하다, 내다, 교부하다 rendering: 번역, 표현, 연주, 연출, 반환, 정제, 초벌칠, 교부, 인도, 번역문, 묘사 renegade: 배교자, 변절자, 배교의, 배교자가 되다, 배반하다, 배반의, 배신의, 배신자, 배신하다, 변절한, 저버린 renew: 재개하다, 갱신하다, 갱생시키다, 고쳐 쓰다, 다시 시작하다, 일신하다, 되풀이하다, 회복하다, 다시 시작되다, 되찾다, 되풀이 하다 repast: 식사, 식사량 repeating: 연발하는, 반복하는, 순환하는, 되풀이하는 repentant: 회개의, 후회를 나타내는, 후회하는, 후회하고 있는, 회오의, 개전의 정을 보이는, 참회의, 뉘우치는, 유감으로 여기는 repose: 눕히다, 쉬다, 침착, 휴식, 두다, 영면하다, 자다, 휴지, 영면, 걸다, 조화 repressed: 억압된 reprimand: 견책, 견책하다, 비난, 징계, 꾸짖다, 질책, 질책하다, 징계하다 reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕, 꾸짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다, 책망하다, 체면을 손상시키다, 망신, 의 체면을 손상하다 reproachful: 책망하는, 비난하는, 수치스러운, 책망하는 듯한, 나무랄

만한, 나무라는, 부끄러운, 꾸짖는 reptile: 비열한, 기어다니는, 파행 동물, 파행하는, 파충류의, 파충류 동물, 파충류, 악의있는, 비열한 사람, 악랄한 인간, 비열한 인간 repulse: 격퇴하다, 격퇴, 거절, 퇴짜놓다, 반발, 반박하다, 반감, 물리치다, 거절하다, 증오, 퇴짜 repulsion: 격퇴, 반감, 반발작용, 혐오, 거절, 반박, 척력, 소산, 증오 repulsively: 반발하는, 지긋지긋하게 repute: 평판, 세평, 명성, 호평, 이라고 평하다, 신용, 생각하다, 로 보다, 라 평하다, 여기다, 고명 requisite: 필요한, 요건, 필수품, 필요조건, 필요물, 요소, 없어서는 안될, 필수의 resemblance: 유사, 닮은 얼굴, 닮음, 외관, 유사물, 초상, 그림, 외형, 상, 비슷함, 모양 resemble: 닮다, 와 비슷하다, 을 닮다, 을 ...에 비기다 resentful: 분개한, 성마른, 골을 잘 내는, 성 잘내는, 분개하고 있는, 원망하고 있는 residue: 잔여, 잉여, 나머지, 잔류물, 찌꺼기, 잔여 재산, 잔재 resolute: 단호한, 굳게 결심한, 의연한, 불굴의, 할 결의인, 굳은결의의 resonance: 공명, 반향, 공진, 울림, 동조, 공명기 resounding: 반향하는, 널리 알려진, 메아리치는, 울려퍼지는, 울리는, 틀림없는 respectful: 정중한, 경의를 표하는, 공손한, 존중하는 respectfully: 삼가, 공손하게, 정중하게, 정중히, 공손히 respecting: 에 관하여 respite: 유예, 연기, 휴식, 일시적 중지, 에게 형의 집행을 유예하다, 상환 독촉을 유예하다, 일시적으로 덜어주다, 정지하다, 집행유예, 휴식기간, 휴지 responsive: 대답하는, 이해가 빠른, 응답 성가를 부르는, 반응하는, 반응을 잘 일으키는, 바로 대답하는, 민감한, 대답의, 대답을 나타내는, 감응하기 쉬운 restive: 반항적인, 침착성이 없는, 고집센, 나아가기를 싫어하는, 다루기 힘드는, 다루기 힘든, 들떠 있는, 불안해하는, 앞으로 나아가려 않는, 침착하지 못한, 하기 힘든 restless: 끊임없는, 불안한, 침착하지 못한, 잠잘 수 없는, 잠못이루는, 활동적인, 쉬지 않는, 쉬지 못하게 하는, 들떠 있는, 부단한, 침착하지

Herman Melville 않은 restlessness: 차분하지 못함 restrain: 구속하다, 억제하다, 제지하다, 감금하다, 자유를 빼앗다, 속박하다, 못하게 하다, 누르다, 말리다, 수감하다, 방지하다 restrained: 자제된, 억제된, 삼가는, 차분한, 절도있는, 절도 있는 resume: 요약하다, 다시 시작하다, 되찾다, 개요, 적요, 다시 차지하다, 회복하다, 이력서, 다시 계속하다, 계속하다, 재점유하다 retiring: 은퇴하는, 수줍은, 퇴직의, 삼가는, 내성적인, 수줍게, 물러나는, 내향적인, 겸손한, 암띤, 퇴직자의 retort: 레토르트, 역습, 보복하다, 대꾸하다, 레토르트로 건류하다, 말대꾸하다, 반박하다, 역습하다, 증류기, 보복, 말대꾸 retrace: 되돌아가다, 회고하다, 되살피다, 다시 하다, 거슬러 올라가 조사하다, 근본을 찾다, 다시 따라가다, 근원을 찾다, 거슬러 올라가다, 되물러나다, 의 근본을 캐다 retribution: 보복, 응보, 천벌, 징벌, 벌 retrograde: 후퇴하는, 후퇴하다, 역행하다, 퇴보하다, 역행하는, 소급하다, 퇴화하는, 반대의, 악화하다, 타락하다, 되돌아가는 retrospectively: 과거로 거슬러 올라가, 추억에 잠겨, 회고적으로, 회고하는 reveler: 난봉꾼, 술 마시고 흥청대는 사람, 술마시고 떠드는 사람, 주연을 베푸는 사람 reverence: 존경, 존경하다, 위덕, 님, 경례, 숭상, 숭상하다, 신부님, 경의, 위엄, 경계 reverential: 경건한, 공손한, 존경을 표시하는, 존경을 표하는 revisit: 재방문, 재방문하다, 다시 방문하다 revolt: 반란, 반항, 반감, 반란을 일으키다, 비위 상하게 하다, 혐오, 반항적태도, 구역질나다, 반감이 생기다, 폭동, 적편에 붙다 revolted: 가슴이 메스꺼운 revolving: 회전하는, 회전식의, 회전장치의, 선회하는, 윤전식의 ribbed: 늑골이 있는, 이랑이 있는 ribbon: 리본, 리본 모양의 것, 가늘고 길게 쪼갠 널빤지, 끈, 에 리본을 달다, 고삐, 리본 모양으로 되다, 리본 모양으로 퍼지다, 리본의, 에 리본 모양의 것을 달다, 시계의 태엽 richness: 귀중, 부유, 풍부, 비옥, 풍요, 훌륭함, 자양분, 윤택, 맛좋고

실속있음 rifled: 강선이 달린, 선조에 물리도록 되어 있는 rig: 의장, 말을 맨 마차, 의장하다, 장난, 삭구를 갖추다, 범장, 임시 변통으로 만들다, 장비하다, 속임수, 유정 굴착 장치, 의복 rigging: 삭구, 장비, 옷, 의장, 의복, 의류 rim: 가장자리, 수면, 속이다, 테두리, 언저리, 둘러싸다, 테두리 쇠, 큰테, 외륜, 변두리, 해면 rimmed: 의 테가 있는 ringed: 반지를 낀, 고리가 있는, 고리 모양의, 결혼한, 약혼한, 고리를 낀 ringleader: 장본인, 주모자, 괴수, 두목, 폭동 따위의 주모자 ringleted: 고수머리를 한 ripe: 익은, 원숙한, 난숙한, 화농한, 붉고 탐스러운, 상스러운, 잘발달된, 준비가 다 된, 천한, 푹 곪은, 한창의 ripple: 웨이브, 잔물결, 잔물결이 일다, 파문, 웅성웅성하는 소리, 삼바디, 물결모양, 잔 물결, 잔물결소리, 찰랑찰랑, 파문을 일으키다 roaring: 떠들썩한, 포효, 활발한, 으르렁거림, 술마시며 떠드는, 소리, 경기가 좋은, 굉음, 극도로, 노호하는, 굉굉히 울리는 robber: 강도, 도둑, 약탈자 robust: 튼튼한, 건장한, 억센, 강건한, 조야한, 감칠맛 있는, 강한, 격심한, 정력적인, 튼튼하게 만든, 확고한 rocket: 로켓, 봉화, 로켓의, 겨자과의 식물, 화전, 에 로켓을 발사하다, 돌진하다, 쏘아올리는 불꽃, 꿩 따위가 일직선으로 날아오르다, 물가 따위가 급등하다, 말이 돌진하다 romish: 카톨릭의 rooster: 수탉 rooted: 뿌리깊은, 뿌리박은, 정착한, 뿌리있는, 뿌리를 박고 붙어 있는, 움직이지 못하는, 뿌리를 박은 rosary: 로자리오, 장미원, 장미꽃밭, 로자리오의 기도, 매괴신공, 묵주, 장미화단, 로사리오 rotary: 회전하는, 회전식의, 환상 교차점, 환상교차로, 환상의, 회전 변륜기, 선회하는, 윤전기, 로터리클럽, 로터리, 도는 rounding: 회전하는, 둥글게 하는데 쓰는, 주위를 둘러싸는, 원순화, 둥글어진 것, 둥글게 함, 둥글어지는 rouse: 각성, 격려하다, 날아오르게하다, 일어나다, 술판, 일으키다, 성나게 하다, 분발, 잠이 깨다, 휘젓다, 고무하다

35 rousing: 활발한, 터무니없는, 열렬한, 각성시키는, 감동케하는, 고무하는, 타오르는, 흥분시키는, 격려하는 rover: 해적, 배회자, 먼 과녁, 조방기, 조방공, 입석 손님, 해적선, 임시과녁, 임시 과녁, 월면차, 로버 roving: 이동하는, 방랑하는, 헤매는, 연방, 먼과녁쏘기, ㅏ랑, 조방사, 산만한 royalty: 왕권, 특허권 사용료, 상연료, 왕위, 왕의 특권, 왕령, 왕의 존엄, 왕족의 한 사람, 광산사용료, 왕족, 인세 rub: 장애, 문지르다, 마찰, 곤란, 마찰하다, 빈정거림, 애써 나아가다, 울퉁불퉁함, 문지르기, 스치다, 빈정대기 rubbing: 마사지, 마찰, 탁본, 안마, 연마, 문지름, 탑본, 비명 따위의 탑본, 문지르기 ruddiness: 불그스름함, 불그스레함, 붉음, 빨간 빛 ruddy: 붉은, 혈색이 좋은, 싫은, 붉게 하다, 몹시, 괘씸한, 지긋지긋한, 붉어지다, 매우, 건강한, 불그스레한 rudely: 조잡하게, 무례하게, 버릇없이, 거칠게, 불쑥, 격력하게 rudimental: 흔적의, 발육부전의 rug: 깔개, 양탄자, 무릎덮개, 융단, 까는 모피, 무릎 덮개, 바닥의 깔개 rugged: 울퉁불퉁한, 엄격한, 괴로운, 귀에 거슬리는, 험악한, 껄껄한, 주름진, 세련되지 못한, 튼튼한, 폭풍우의, 거친 ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는, 파괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼, 몰락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된 ruins: 손해 rumor: 소문, 소음, 풍문, 유언비어, 풍설, 풍설 소문을 내다, 소문내다, 소문을 내다 runaway: 도망, 쉽게 이긴, 도망친, 탈주자, 도망자, 달아난, 탈주, 낙승, 사랑의 도피, 급히 오르는, 가출소년 rung: 가로장, 가로대, 살, 단, 단계, 사닥다리의 가로장, 바퀴의 살 rust: 녹, 녹슬다, 녹병에 걸리다, 녹병, 무활동, 녹슬게 하다, 녹병균, 녹빛이 되다, 녹빛, 나쁜 습관, 둔해지다 rustling: 살랑살랑 소리나는, 활발한, 활동적인, 옷스치는 소리가 나는, 가축 도둑질, 살랑살랑 소리 rusty: 녹슨, 녹빛의, 녹병에 걸린, 무디어진, 구식의, 낡아빠진, 반항적인, 녹에서 생긴, 썩은 냄새가 나는, 완고한, 다루기 힘든 ruthlessly: 무정하게, 냉혹하게, 무자비하게 sackcloth: 즈크, 비탄, 두꺼운 삼베

36 거친 삼베옷 saddle: 안장 모양의 물건, 안장, 등심고기, 권력을 쥐고, 안상부, 안장에 올라 타다, 에 안장을 얹다, 말에 안장을 얹다, 지우다 safeguard: 호위, 보호, 보호하다, 안전 통행권 sagacious: 현명한, 슬기로운, 명민한, 기민한, 슬기롭다, 영리한 sagacity: 현명, 총명 sage: 현인, 현인인 체하는, 샐비어, 어진, 현명한, 슬기로운, 슬기롭다, 영리한, 철인, 철인인 체하는, 성철 sailor: 선원, 수병, 수부, 수병 모자, 해군 군인 sallow: 누르스름한, 땅버들, 창백하게 하다, 혈색이 나쁜, 버드나무속의 식물, 누르스름한 색이 되게 되다, 누르스름한 빛깔, 누르스름한 색이 되게 하다 salutary: 유익한, 건강에 좋은 salutation: 인사, 인사말, 경례, 절, 목례 salute: 경례, 인사, 예포, 비치다, 받들어 총, 경례하다, 들리다, 들어오다, 에게 인사하다, 에게 경례하다, 시합전의 예의를 표하다 salver: 쟁반, 둥근 쟁반 samaritan: 사마리아 사람 sameness: 동일, 일륜, 동일성 sanded: 모래땅의, 모래를 깐, 모래를 뿌린, 모랫빛의, 작은 얼룩이 있는 sane: 제정신의, 합리적인, 분별이 있는, 건전한 sanguine: 희망에 찬, 명랑한, 혈색이 좋은, 쾌활한, 다혈질의, 피비린내나는, 붉은 초크 그림, 붉은 초크, 붉은 크레용 그림, 붉은 크레용 sap: 대호, 바보, 생기, 점점 약화시키다, 기운, 시든, 활기 없는 재미없는, 점점 무너뜨리다, 수액, 대호를 파다, 짧은 방망이 sappy: 수액이 많은, 싱싱한, 기운 좋은, 어리석은, 감상적인, 멍청한, 바보, 활기에 찬 sarcophagus: 석관 sash: 창틀, 장식띠, 허리띠, 어깨띠, 여닫이창, 새시를 달다, 유리창 sated: 넌더리나도록 물린, 넌더리나 있다 satire: 풍자, 비꼼, 풍자시, 풍자하다, 빗대다, 빈정댐 satiric: 풍자하다, 풍자시, 풍자, 빗대다, 비꼼, 비꼬는 satirical: 빗대다, 비꼼, 풍자, 풍자시, 풍자하다 saturdays: 토요일에는 언제나, 토요일마다 saturnine: 음침한, 뚱한, 토성의

The Piazza Tales 정기를 받은, 납의, 토성의 영향을 받고 태어난, 납 같은 satyr: 사티로스, 호색한, 호색가 savagely: 야만적인, 잔인, 야만인, 사나운, 사납게, 몹시 화가 나서 scabbard: 칼집, 권총집, 집, 칼집에 꽂다 scaffolding: 비계, 가설, 설명난에 적었습니다, 발판 재료, 인위적 이론, 발판 scaly: 비늘이 있는, 비늘 모양의, 인색한, 물때가 낀, 천한, 벗겨져 떨어지는 scanning: 주사, 스캐닝, 정사, 운율분석, 정사하는 scanty: 부족한, 모자라는 scarce: 드문, 부족한, 희귀한, 결석하다, 결핍한 scarcity: 부족, 결핍, 기근, 식량난, 품귀 scented: 햐수룰 뿌린, 향료가 든 sceptre: 왕권, 왕위, 왕위에 앉히다, 홀 schoolboy: 남학생, 학생 다운, 학생의 scissors: 가위, 가위 조르기 scoffing: 비웃음, 웃음거리, 비웃다 scorching: 맹렬한, 태우는, 난폭한질주, 호된 태움, 호된, 태우는 듯한, 매우 뜨거운, 몹시 뜨거운, 난폭한 질주, 태움, 타는 듯이 scoria: 쇠똥, 화산암 부스러기 scorn: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게 여기지 않다, 냉소하다, 경멸받는 것, 거절하다, 조소하다, 경멸받는 사람 scour: 질주하다, 문질러 닦다, 물로 씻어내다, 급히 찾아 다니다, 갈다, 청소하다, 찾아 헤매다, 갈아서 닦다, 씻어내기, 을 급히 지나치다, 을 대충 생각하다 scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다, 매질하다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매, 징벌하다, 채찍질하다 scouring: 연마, 설사, 정련, 오물, 인간쓰레기, 진흙, 쓰레기, 인간 폐물 scowl: 찌푸린 얼굴, 잔뜩 찌푸린 날씨, 험악 해지다, 험한 날씨, 얼굴을 찌푸리다 scrape: 켜다, 긁어 모으다, 문지르다, 문질러 만들다, 푼푼이 모으다, 비벼 스치며 나아가다, 문질러 지다, 긁어모으다, 면도하다, 발을 비비다, 고생 scraper: 스크레이퍼, 신발 흙떨개, 구두쇠, 긁는 기구, 서툰 바이올린쟁이, 이발사, 구두의 흙털개, 글자 지우개, 깎는 기구, 깍는 기구, 길 고르는 기계 scraping: 부스러기, 문지르기, 긁어

모은것, 긁어 모은 것, 깍기, 깍은 부스러기, 깍음, 거리의 무뢰한, 긁기, 먼지, 할큄 screw: 나사, 압박, 구두쇠, 분발시키다, 추진기, 억지로 깍다, 굽히다, 한번 비틀기, 성교하다, 봉급, 몸을 비틀다 scrivener: 공증인, 대서인, 금융업자 scroll: 수결, 소용돌이 장식, 족자, 스크롤, 표, 문장의 명을 써 넣은 리본, 소용돌이 꼴의 장식, 두루마리책, 말다, 두루말이, 두루마리 scullion: 접시닦이, 부엌데기, 허드렛일하는 사람, 부엌일하는 사람, 비천한 사람 sculptor: 조각가 scurvy: 괴혈병, 상스러운 scuttle: 작은 창, 석탄 그릇, 포기하다, 줄행랑, 급한 걸음, 구멍을 내어 침몰시키다, 바쁜 걸음, 폐기하다, 천창, 승강구의 뚜껑, 스커틀 sea-green: 해록색, 해록색의 sealer: 날인자, 도량형 검사관, 바다표범잡이 어부, 바다표범잡이 seaman: 뱃사람, 수병, 항해자, 선원 seamanship: 항해기술, 수병, 뱃사람, 선박 조종술 seating: 착석, 좌석, 승마의 자세, 좌석의 배치, 승마자세, 의자의 씌우개의 재료, 좌석배치, 수용 능력, 승마의 앉음새, 의자의 속의 재료, 의자의 씌우ㅐ의 재료 seaward: 바다쪽의, 바다쪽으로, 바다를 향한, 바다쪽 seclusion: 격리, 은퇴, 은둔 secrecy: 비밀, 기밀 엄수 secrete: 비밀로 하다, 분비하다, 숨기다 secretly: 비밀히, 소리를 내지 않고, 몰래 sedate: 수수한, 진지한, 침착한, 차분한, 점잖은, 진정시키다 seedy: 초라한, 기분이 좋지 않은, 씨 많은, 야윈, 풀향기가 나는, 씨가 많은 seeming: 겉으로의, 외관상의 겉보기, 외관, 겉모양, 외관상의, 표면만의 seemly: 적당한, 점잖은, 알맞은, 품위 있게 seething: 격렬한, 혹독한, 펄펄 끓는, 용솟음치는, 심한, 속이 끓어 오르는, 비등하는소용돌이치는, 동요하는, 들끓는 seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다, 이용하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다, 잡아매다, 잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 매다, 덮치다, 엄습하다 seizing: 압류, 잡기, 동여맴,

Herman Melville 동여매는 밧줄, 점유, 움켜짐, 꼭쥠, 빼앗음, 소유, 붙잡기 self-command: 자제, 침착, 극기 self-complacency: 자기 만족 self-esteem: 자존, 자 부심, 자존심 self-indulgent: 스스로 과한, 자초한 self-interest: 사리, 이기심 selfish: 이기적인, 제멋대로의, 자기 본위의, 자애적인 selfishly: 이기적으로, 자기본위로, 자기 본위로 selfishness: 이기주의, 자기본위, 자애적 self-possessed: 냉정한, 침착한 self-respect: 자존심, 자존이 있는, 자존 self-restraint: 자제, 근신 senatorial: 상원의, 상원 의원 선출권이 있는, 원로원의, 평의원회의, 상원의원다운, 상원의원 선출권이 있는, 상원의원의, 원로원의원의 senegal: 아프리카 서부의 공화국, 세네갈 sensibly: 현명하게, 스마트하기보다는 실용 본위로, 눈에 띌 정도로, 느끼기 쉽게, 분별있게, 지각 있게, 현저히현명하게, 분별 있게, 느낄 수 있게 sentimental: 감상적인, 감정의, 다감한, 감정적인, 감정에 바탕을 둔 sentinel: 보초, 파수병을 두다, 파수병, 망보다, 보초를 서다, 표지, 보초를 세우다, 보초의 sentry: 보초, 파수, 망꾼 sequel: 계속, 결과, 후편, 추이 sequestered: 은퇴한, 외딴, 깊숙한, 몰수된 serene: 고요한, 맑게 갠, 평화로운, 온화한, 잔잔한, 맑게 갠 하늘, 평온, 고귀하신, 맑게 하다, 침착한 serenely: 고요, 잔잔, 청명하게, 침착, 침착하게, 평화스러움, 화창, 고요히 serenity: 화창함, 청명, 침착, 고요, 평온, 맑음, 전하 serf: 농노, 혹사당하는 사람, 노예, 노예 같은 사람, 농노의 serially: 연속물로서, 연속적으로 serviceable: 쓸모 있는, 오래쓸수 있는, 튼튼한, 사용할 수 있는, 소용에 닿는, 기꺼이 도와주는, 쓸모있는 servile: 노예의, 야비한, 맹종적인, 노예 근성의 sever: 떨어지다, 절단하다, 단절하다, 가르다, 끊다, 떼어놓다, 자르다, 끊어지다 sewing: 재봉, 바느질감, 바느질실,

재봉의 shackle: 속박, 수갑, 방해, 쇠고랑, 차꼬, 족쇄, 구속하다, 걸쇠, 족쇄를 채우다, 수갑을 채우다 shadowy: 공허한, 덧없는, 몽롱한, 그림자 있는, 그림자가 많은, 그림자 같은, 환상의, 흔적을 나타내는 shaggy: 털복숭이의, 털이 더부룩한, 털 북숭이의, 길고 부드러운 털이 있는, 털이 많은, 풀숲이 많은, 얽히고 설킨 sham: 가짜, 속임, 을 가장하다, 협작꾼, 군사 연습, 하는 체하다, 모조의, 짐짓, 가짜의, 허풍선이, 허위의 shave: 깎다, 면도, 면도하다, 밀다, 스쳐지나가다, 깎음, 깎은 부스러기, 깎는 연장, 수염을 깎다, 엷게 자르다, 스치다 shaved: 불필요한 부품, 액세서리를 떼낸 shaven: 면도한, 깎은 shaving: 깎아낸 부스러기, 면도함, 대팻밥, 깎음, 면도, 수염을 밀기 sheepish: 기가 약한, 수줍은, 어리석은, 겁많은, 양 같은 sheeting: 판금, 시트, 판자울, 흙막이널, 울판자, 시트감 shifting: 이동하는, 바뀌는, 속임수, 협잡의, 이동, 수책을 부리는, 술책을 부리는 shine: 햇빛, 빛나다, 장난, 닦다, 비치다, 빼어나다, 좋아함, 윤기, 애착, 퍼렇게 멍든 눈, 일광 shipmaster: 선장 shipmate: 동료 선원 shipwreck: 난파, 파멸하다, 과멸, 과선하다, 파선, 난파하다, 난파선, 파멸시키다, 파멸, 난파선의 잔해, 난선하다 shipwrecked: 깨어진, 난파한 shiver: 조각, 부서지다, 파편, 부수다, 오한, 부들부들 떨게 하다, 떨림, 떨리게 하다, 산산이 부서지다, 산산이 부수다, 산산조각 shivering: 몸의 떨림, 전율 shoal: 얕아지다, 떼를 짓다, 모래톱, 어군, 여울목, 떼 다수, 무리, 앝은, 다수, 얕은, 여울 shocking: 지독한, 지독하게, 충격적인, 망측한, 무서운, 오싹하게 하는, 고약한, 소름끼치는, 형편 없는 shrewd: 빈틈없는, 기민한, 모진, 심한, 약빠른, 날카로운, 짓궂은, 얘민한, 영리해 보이는 shrine: 묘, 신전, 성체 용기, 사당, 감실에 모시다, 감실, 성당, 성물함, 을 사당에 모시다, 성골함, 전당 shrink: 뒷걸음질, 정신과 의사,

37 뒷걸음질 치다, 움츠리다, 추측, 줄어들다, 줄어들게 하다, 방축 가공하다, 수축, 오그라들다, 움츠러지다 shrinking: 움츠리는, 겁내는, 움츠리는 것 shroud: 덮개, 수의, 양옆뱃전에 버틴 돛대줄, 싸는 것, 양 옆뱃전에 버틴 돛대줄, 지하 예배당, 돛대 밧줄, 측판, 수의를 입히다, 가리다 shuffle: 속이다, 뒤섞다, 섞어서 떼다, 벗다, 이리저리 움직이다, 발을 질질 끌다, 발을 질질 끄는 걸음, 발끌기, 움직이다, 뒤섞음, 걸치다 shun: 차렷, 기피하다, 피하다 shyly: 수줍어서, 겁내어, 부끄러워 하며, 수줍게 sickly: 병약한, 골골하는, 감상적인, 몸이 나쁜, 창백한, 역겹게 하는, 병난, 건강에 나쁜, 싫증 나는, 병자같은, 욕지기나게 하는 siding: 편들기, 측선, 가담, 마늘판벽, 대피선, 벽널 sighting: 관찰, 관찰함, 조준을 맞춤 signally: 두드러지게 silken: 비단의, 사치스러운, 반드러운, 비단 같은, 비단옷을 입은, 부드러운, 비단 옷을 입은, 입에 감치는, 견모가 밀생한, 명주 같은, 명주의 silky: 반드러운, 비단의, 부드러운, 견모가 밀생한, 명주 같은, 명주의, 입에 감치는 silvery: 은빛의, 은과 같은, 은을 함유한, 은 같은, 은의, 은방울을 굴리는 듯한 similitude: 비교, 외모, 유사, 비슷함, 직유 simmering: 당장에라도 폭발할 것 같은 simper: 억지 웃음, 선웃음, 선웃음을 웃다 simple-hearted: 순진한 sinai: 시내산 singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의, 현저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌 단수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한, 단수형 singularity: 단독, 단일, 특이, 비범, 이상, 기이, 기이한 버긋, 괴이, 희한, 단수성, 회유 singularly: 단수로, 단수, 이상하게, 훌륭한, 각각의 단수의, 개개의, 단 하나의, 독특한, 멋진, 이상한, 현저한 sinister: 불길한, 왼쪽의, 사악한, 불행한, 방패의 왼쪽의, 부정직한, 음험한, 악의가 있는 sirocco: 열풍, 시로코 바람 skeleton: 해골, 골격, 골자, 뼈대,

38 해골의, 여윈, 여윈 사람, 줄기, 최소한도의, 조직 skeptic: 회의론자, 무신론자, 의심 많은 사람 sketch: 스케치, 사생하다, 초안, 약도를 그리다, 사생화, 애별 그림, 초고, 스케치하다, 소묘곡, 꼴불견의 사람, 웃음거리의 사람 skylight: 천장, 천공광, 채광창 slanting: 견지, 편견으로 말하다, 물매, 경향, 기울다, 기울어진 slate: 점판암, 슬레이트, 후보자 명부, 석판, 석관, 슬레이트로 이다, 예정하다, 후보자 명부에 등록하다, 혹평하다, 석판색, 석판질의 slavery: 노예 제도, 고역, 중노동, 노예의 신분, 예속, 노예의 신세, 포로, 천한 일, 군침 투성이의, 군침 흘리는 sleepless: 잠 못 이루는, 방심치 않는, 가만있지 않는, 불면증의, 쉬지 않는, 끊임없는 sleety: 진눈깨비의, 진눈깨비가 오는, 진눈깨비 같은 slew: 많음, 회전, 습지, 진창, 수두룩함, 돌다, 돌리다, 늪 sliding: 변화하는, 미끄러지는, 미끄러져 움직이는 slimily: 끈적끈적하게 slimy: 더러운, 끈적끈적한, 흙투성이인, 질척질척한, 굽실굽실하는, 진흙투성이의, 불쾌한 slink: 살금살금 걷다, 가만히 도망치다, 조산하다, 간들간들 걷다, 달 차지 못한 새끼, 달이 차지 못한, 살금살금 도망가다, 유산하다 slippery: 불안정한, 미끄러운, 믿을 수 없는, 속임수의, 뻔뻔스러운, 의미가 선명하지 않은, 잡을 데가 없는 slit: 틈, 길게 벤자리, 긴 구멍, 긴 짬, 길다랗게 베인 상처, 째어 발기다, 가느다랗게 찢다, 가느다랗게 찢어지다, 가느다랗게 쪼개다, 가느다랗게 째다, 가느다랗게 베어지다 sloping: 경사진, 비스듬한, 비탈진 slovenly: 단정치 못한, 부주의한, 단정치 못하게, 되는 대로의, 되는 대로, 되는 대로의 되는 대로, 게으른, 추레한 sluggishly: 불경기인, 게으른, 활발치 못한, 게으름 피우는, 느린 sly: 교활한, 익살맞은, 음흉한, 장난스러운, 몰래, 은밀한 smite: 괴롭히다, 치밀다, 죽이다, 매혹하다, 덮치다, 때리다, 강타하다, 시도, 강타, 때림, 세게 때리다 smitten: 깊이 감동된, 세게 맞은

The Piazza Tales smoked: 훈제의, 유연으로 그을린, 그을린, 훈제한 smuggler: 밀수선, 밀수입자, 밀수자, 밀수출자 snake: 뱀, 뒤틀다, 꿈틀거리다, 꿈틀꿈틀 움직이다, 음흉한 사람, 잡아 끌다, 말 살며시 가벼리다, 말 없이 가벼리다, 묶다, 뱀 같은 인간, 와이어로 하수관을 청소하다 snapping: 딱 소리 내는, 달려들어 무는 snatch: 와락 붙잡다, 잡아챔, 작은 조각, 강탈, 급히 먹다, 한입, 단시간, 단편, 잡으려고 하다, 용하게 얻다, 움켜잡으려들다 snore: 코를 골다, 코골기, 코골며 보내다 snow-white: 눈빛 snowy: 오점이 없는, 눈의, 눈이 오는, 눈이 쌓인, 눈이 썅 눈같은, 설백의, 눈이 많은, 순백의 snug: 아늑한, 넉넉한, 숨은, 조촐한, 깨끗한, 내항성있는, 잘 정비된, 서로 기분 좋게 눕다, 가지런히 정비된, 단정히 하다, 아담한 snugly: 조촐한, 넉넉한, 잘 정비된, 내항성있는, 깨끗한, 아늑한, 숨은 soar: 높이 날기, 높이 올라가다, 폭등하다, 부풀다, 치솟다, 일정한 높이를 활공하다, 활공의 고도, 활공의 범위, 솟구치다, 높이 치솟다, 날기 soaring: 상승, 우뚝 솟은, 높이 날기, 높이 나는, 고원한, 우뚝 솟음, 날아 오르는, 활상 sober: 수수한, 술이 깨다, 냉정한, 취하지않은, 진지한, 분별 있는, 맑은 정신의, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을 가라앉히다, 과장 없는, 침착해지다 sociable: 사교적인, 친목회, 붙임성 있는, 사귀기 쉬운, 사교를 좋아하는, 친목의, 사륜 마차의 일종, 사교에 능한, 간친회 sociably: 상냥하게, 사교적으로 sociality: 사교성, 사교적 행위, 교제를 좋아함, 사교 본능 sod: 잔디, 뗏장, 잔디로 덮다, 저승에서, 비역쟁이, 남색자, 잔디를 입히다, 놈, 뒈지다, 땅 sodom: 소돔, 죄악이 판치는데 softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망, 뇌연화, 우둔 solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린, 신성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한 표정의, 종교상의, 중대한 solemnly: 엄숙하게, 장엄하게, 진지하게 solicit: 간청하다, 교사하다, 구하다, 끌다, 권유하다, 뇌물을 써서

애걸하다, 손님을 끌다, 유혹하다 solicitation: 간원, 유혹, 간청, 교사, 권유, 귀찮게 졸라댐, 손님끌기, 애걸복걸, 유도, 증회 유치 soliloquy: 혼잣말, 혼잣말하다, 독백, 혼잣말하기 solitaire: 혼자 하는 카드놀이, 한개 박은 보석, 외알 보석을 박은 귀고리, 혼자 하는 카아드 놀이, 혼자 하는 여러 가지 놀이, 한 알박이 보석, 인용의, 외 알박이 보석, 일인용의 solitary: 고독한, 혼자의, 외로운, 단독의, 혼자사는 사람, 혼자 사는 사람, 유일한, 분리된, 인적이 없는 solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴 곳, 황야 sombrero: 챙넓은 중절모, 솜브레로 someway: 어떻게든지, 무슨 수로든, 좀 떨어진 곳에, 어떻게든지 해서 somnambulism: 몽유병, 몽유병자, 잠결에 걸어다님 somnambulist: 몽유병자 somnambulistic: 몽유병의, 잠결에 걸어다니는 soot: 그을음, 검댕, 그을음투성이로 하다 soothe: 달래다, 완화시키다, 가라앉히다, 위로하다, 진정시키다, 만족시키다 soothing: 누그러뜨리는, 달래는 듯한, 달래는 sootiness: 검댕투성이 sooty: 거무스름한, 그을은, 그을음의, 그을음 빛갈의, 그을음투성이의, 그을음 같은, 그을음으로 더러워진, 그을음 빛깔의 sorceress: 마법사 sorely: 슬픈, 따끔 따끔 쑤시는, 고통을일으키는, 상처, 성난, 비통, 힘사게, 아프게, 진무른데, 지독한, 격심한 sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈, 슬퍼보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회, 고생 sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로 잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는, 소리를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심, 조사, 측연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심 측량, 소리나는 soundings: 측연이 미치는 측정 범위 sour: 신 것, 신, 사워, 까다로운, 시게하다, 지르릉하게 하다, 찌무룩한, 시큼한, 산패한, 발효한, 냉습한 sourly: 불쾌하게, 심술궂게, 음침하게, 시큼하게, 시게, 까다롭게 sourness: 시큼함, 심술궂음, 음침함, 찌무룩함, 까다로움 southeast: 남동, 남동의, 남동에 있는,

Herman Melville 남동미, 남동에서의, 남동으로, 미국 남동부 지방, 남동 지방의 나라, 남동 지방, 남동으로부터의, 남동으로부는 southernmost: 극남의, 가장 남쪽의, 남단의, 최남의 southward: 남으로부터, 남으로, 남쪽에, 남쪽으로, 남쪽으로의, 남쪽의 southwest: 남서, 남서로, 남서부 지방, 남서에 있는, 남서의 spacious: 넓찍한, 넓은, 드넓은 spade: 흑인, 가래, 삽, 포미박기, 스페이드한벌, 스페이드, 스페이드페, 한 가래의 분량, 스페이드패, 삽으로 파다, 끌로 잘라내다 spaniard: 스페인 사람 spaniel: 비굴한 알랑쇠, 스패니엘 spar: 서로 차다, 원재, 투계, 주먹으로 치고 받다, 연안 경비 여성 예비 대원, 연안 경비, 여성 예비 대원, 상갑판, 말다툼하다, 연안 경비대 여자 예비대원, 철평석 4 spark: 불꽃, 구애하다, 의 도화선이 되다, 생기, 스파크, 불똥, 활기을 주다, 정부, 점화 장치, 연인, 색골 sparkle: 불꽃, 생기, 번쩍이다, 번쩍임, 빛나다, 발하다, 거품이 알다, 거품 남, 재기, 재기의 번득임, 불꽃을 튀기다 sparkling: 반짝이는, 번득이는, 거품이 이는, 불꽃을 튀기는 sparsely: 성기게, 드문드문, 드문드문하게, 빈약하게, 희박하게 spasmodic: 경련의, 흥분한, 발작적인, 경련성의 spear: 창, 싹, 싹이 트다, 어린 가지, 창처럼 꽂히다, 창병, 작살, 싹트다, 창으로 찌르다 specie: 정금, 정화 speck: 얼룩, 극히 작은 조각, 반점을 찍다, 작은 반점, 점을 붙이다, 흠을 찍다, 흠을 붙이다, 지방, 잔 알맹이, 점을 찍다, 작은 얼룩 speckled: 얼룩덜룩한, 반점이 있는 spectacle: 구경거리, 안경, 광경, 장관, 보기에 도 지겨운 것, 타자의 재차의 무득점, 보기에 도 딱한 것 spectacles: 안경 spectator: 구경꾼, 방관자, 관찰자, 목격자 spectral: 스펙트럼의, 허깨비의, 유령의, 유령 같은 spectre: 유령, 요괴, 무서운 것 speculative: 사색적인, 위험을 내포한, 순이론적인, 투기의, 투기적인, 위험한 speechless: 말을 못하는, 잠자코 있는, 말 못하는, 말문이 막힌, 말하지 않는, 이루 형언할 수 없는

speedily: 즉시의, 재빠른, 조속한, 민속한, 빨리 speedy: 즉시의, 민속한, 재빠른, 조속한, 빠른 sperm: 정액, 정충, 정자, 향유고래, 경랍 spermaceti: 경랍, 경뇌유, 경뇌 spicy: 싸한, 향료 같은, 방향이 있는, 상스런, 생기가 있는, 짜릿한, 양념을 넣은, 외설한 spill: 불쏘시개, 엎질러지다, 흘리다, 엎지르다, 누설하다, 점화용 심지, 전락, 지저깨비, 지껄이다, 을 흩뿌리다, 엎질러짐 spire: 가는 줄기, 싹트다, 뾰족탑, 쑥 내밀다, 소용돌이, 절정, 첨탑을 달다, 가는 잎, 끝이 가늘고 뾰족한 것, 나탑, 돌출하다 spiritless: 생기 없는, 마음내키지 않는, 기운 없는, 생명 없는 spite: 악의, 원한, 앙심으로, 에 짓궂게 굴다, 을 돌보지 않고, 에도 불구하고, 짓궂게 굴다, 앙갚음하다 spleen: 비장, 지라, 우울, 노여움, 언짢음, 원한, 의기소침, 기분이 언짢음 splenetic: 비장의, 까다로운, 지라의, 성마른, 성마른 사람, 비장병 환자, 비장병 약, 기분이 언짢은, 꾀까다로운 사람, 심술궂은, 우울증의 splinter: 쪼개다, 파편, 분리된, 찢다, 지저깨비, 깎이다, 가시, 부서진 조각, 쪼개지다, 쪼개진 조각, 분열하다 sporting: 모험적인, 정정당당한, 스포츠맨다운, 스포츠용의, 스포츠를 좋아하는, 운동을 즐기는, 사냥을 즐기는, 스포츠, 경기용의, 운동용의, 운동가다운 sprawling: 불규칙하게 넓어지는, 아무렇게 휘갈긴, 팔다리를 흉하게 쭉 뻗은, 기어가는 듯한, 불규칙하게 뻗는 springing: 도약운동, 스프링 sprung: 얼근한 spun: 자은, 실 모양으로한, 잡아늘인, 잡아 늘인, 지칠 대로 지친 spur: 박차, 격려하다, 며느리발톱, 돌출부, 격려, 박차를 가하다, 아이젠, 짧은 가지, 자극, 지선, 박차를 달다 squalor: 치사함, 더러움, 너더분함, 비열, 누추함 stab: 찌르다, 찌름, 찌르며, 덤벼들다, 기도, 구멍을 뚫다, 면을 거칠게 하여 도벽재료와 잘 붙게 하다, 몹시 해치다, 쑤시고 아픔, 찌르듯이 아프다, 찌르려고 대들다 stabbing: 찌르는 듯한 stack: 낟가리, 서가, 많음,

39 걸어총하다, 걸어총, 다량, 더미, 고도차를두어 대기시키다, 조립 굴뚝, 굴뚝, 부정한 수로 카드 stacked: 육체미 있는 stagger: 비틀거리다, 망설이다, 흔들리다, 엇걸림, 깜짝 놀라다, 시차방식, 어지러움, 서로 엇걸리게 배열하다, 현기, 흔들리게 하다, 주저하다 staggering: 비틀거리는, 깜짝 놀라게 하는, 망설이는 stagnant: 흐르지 않는, 활발치 못한, 괴어 있는, 불경기의, 활기 없는 staid: 침착한, 차분한, 착실한 staining: 더럽히는 것 stair: 계단, 한 단, 단, 계단용의, 계단의, 하나하나의 단 stairway: 계단, 충계 stale: 김빠진, 피곤한, 굳어진, 시시한, 신선치 않은, 케케묵은, 생기가 없는, 탁한, 신선하지 않은, 신선미가 없는, 맛이 없어지게 하다 stalwart: 충실한, 튼튼한, 용감한, 키가 크고 늠름한 사람, 매우 충실한 사람, 매우 충실한, 키가 크고 늠름한 starboard: 우현으로 돌리다, 우현, 진로를 오른쪽으로 잡다, 우현의, 우현쪽의 stark: 강한, 순전한, 뻣뻣해져서, 뻣뻣해진, 순전히, 진짜의, 굳어버린, 뚜렷한, 엄격한, 자연 그대로의, 전연 starry: 별이 많은, 별처럼 빛나는, 별빛의, 별의, 별모양의, 별 모양의 starve: 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 아사하다, 굶주리게 하다, 배고프다, 동사시키다, 굶어 죽다, 시장기를 느끼다, 허기지게 하다 starveling: 굶주려서 야윈, 굶주린, 말라빠진 동물, 말라빠진 사람, 영양 부족인 동물, 영양 부족인 사람 stateliness: 위엄, 위엄있음, 장중, 당당함, 장엄함 stately: 위엄 있는, 장엄한 stationary: 고정된, 정지한, 움직이지 않는, 고정시킨, 변화 없는, 얼른 보아 경도에 변화가 없는, 움직이지 않는 것, 움직이지 않는 사람, 정주한 stationery: 문방구, 편지지, 문구 statuary: 조상, 조상가, 조상술, 조소술, 조소의, 조각가 stature: 발달, 신장 성장, 키, 성장, 성장도 steadfast: 견실한, 부동의, 고정된 steadfastly: 확고부동하게, 불변으로 steadfastness: 확고부동함, 불변 steadiness: 불변, 견실함, 끈기, 착실, 한결같음 stealing: 훔침, 도루, 훔친물건 stealthy: 몰래 한, 비밀의, 남의 눈을

40 피하는 steely: 무정한, 강철로 만든, 단단한, 강철같이, 강철의, 견고한 steeple: 뾰족탑, 뾰족한 탑 steer: 키를 잡다, 조언, 향하다, 나아가다, 어린수소, 충고, 조종하다, 인도하다, 에 관계하지 않다, 식육용의 불깐 소, 돌리다 steerage: 조종, 고물, 조타, 선미, 키의 성능, 삼등선실, 삼등실로 steering: 조타, 조정, 등선실, 조타의 sterility: 불임, 무효, 불모, 빈약, 무취미, 무결과, 무미 건조, 빈곤, 중성, 불임증 stern: 황량한, 엄격한, 고물, 쓸쓸한, 선미, 굳은, 준엄한, 단호한, 고물 별자리, 피할 도리가 없는, 엉덩이 stiffly: 뻣뻣하게, 완고하게, 완강하게, 단호하게, 딱딱하게 stifling: 답답한, 숨막힐 듯한, 딱딱하고 거북한, 거북살스러운, 숨막힐듯한 stillness: 침묵, 조용한 환경, 정적, 고요, 평온, 소리 없는 곳, 고, 고요함 stinging: 신랄한, 찌르는, 괴롭히는, 쏘는, 쑤시는 듯한, 찌르는 듯이 아픈, 통렬한, 얼얼한, 침을 가진, 고민을 주는, 가시를 가진 stipulate: 규정하다, 계약의 조건으로 요구하다, 계약하다, 명기하다, 문답 형식으로 하다 stirring: 감동시키는, 붐비는, 활발한, 활약하는 stocking: 스타킹, 긴 양말, 구두를 벗고, 긴양말, 다리털 stoical: 금욕의, 냉정한, 극기의, 스토아철학의, 스토아철학파의 stonework: 석조물, 돌세공, 석조 부분, 돌로 만든 물건 storied: 이야기로 유명한, 역사화로 장식한, 층의 stormy: 폭풍우의, 소란스러운, 날씨가 험악한, 격렬한, 폭풍우 같은 stout: 뚱뚱한, 튼튼한, 용감한, 살찐, 흑맥주, 억센, 비만형의 옷, 끄떡도 않는, 독한, 스타우트 stove: 난로, 스토브, 온실, 온실에서 재배하다, 요리용 난로, 온실에서 속상 재배하다 straggler: 낙오자, 우거져 퍼지는 풀, 불규칙하게 뻗어나간 가지, 미조 straggling: 뿔뿔이 흩어지다, 무질서하게 나아가다, 뒤떨어지다, 뻗쳐 퍼지다, 산재하다, 우거지다, 낙오한 straightforwardness: 똑바름, 솔직함, 간단함 straightway: 곧, 당장에, 직접 일직선의, 즉시, 즉각, 일직선으로,

The Piazza Tales 직선의, 일직선의 strained: 억지의, 팽팽한, 긴박한, 긴장한, 긴장된, 억지로 지어낸, 부자연스러운 straits: 궁핍 strangeness: 이상함, 소립자상태를 규정하는 입자고유의 양자수, 기묘 strap: 가죽끈, 가죽숫돌, 기죽 손잡이, 띠쇠, 혁지, 혁지로 갈다, 손잡이 가죽끈, 가죽끈으로 때리다, 가죽으로 묶다, 견장, 반창고를 붙이다 strapping: 반창고, 채찍질, 몸집이 큰, 매질, 가죽끈 재료, 키크고 튼튼한 strata: 지충, 충 stratagem: 계략, 전략 strawberries: 딸기 strawberry: 양딸기, 딸기색, 딸기, 양딸기열매 stray: 길을 잃다, 길 잃은, 길 잃은 가축, 드문, 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 일행에서 뒤처진, 방황하다, 못된 길로 빠지다, 집잃은 아이, 헤매다, 고립한 streaked: 건강을 해친, 불안한, 줄있는, 괴로워하는 stricken: 맞은, 다친, 덮친, 습격당한 stride: 쉽사리 헤어나다, 한걸음, 활보하다, 큰걸음, 큰 걸음으로 걷다, 성큼넘다, 급히 가다, 큰 걸음, 걸터 앉다, 한걸음의 폭, 걸터 서다 strive: 노력하다, 싸우다, 겨루다, 애쓰다 strop: 혁지, 가죽, 숫돌, 띠줄, 혁지에 갈다 stubble: 그루터기, 그루터기 모양의 물건, 짧게 깎은 머리 stubborn: 완고한, 완강한, 다루기 어려운, 말 안 듣는, 단단한 stumble: 말을 더듬다, 실책, 비틀거림, 비틀거리게 하다, 망설이다, 실수, 더듬거리다, 마주치다, 헛딛어 곱드러지다, 망설이게 하다, 비틀거리다 stump: 유세하다, 의족, 그루터기, 괴롭히다, 뿌리, 의족으로 걷다, 곤경에 빠져, 꼬투리, 난처하게 하다, 도전하다, 쿵쿵 걷다 stupidity: 어리석음, 우둔, 어리석은 언동, 어리석은 짓, 얼빠진 언동, 얼빠짐 stupidly: 어리석게도, 마취되어 stupor: 무감각, 혼수, 망연 sturdy: 억센, 불굴의, 완강한, 건전한, 우람스러운 suavity: 온화, 정중한 태도, 기분좋음 subdue: 정복하다, 억제하다, 이기다, 복종시키다, 누르다, 부드럽게 하다 subdued: 억제된, 가라앉은, 차분한, 조용한, 완화된, 약해진, 낮춘,

낮아진, 정복된 subjection: 복종, 정복, 종속, 좌지우지됨, 의존함, 좌우됨 submerged: 극빈의, 숨겨진, 침수생의, 최저 생활을 하는, 감추어진, 물속에서 자라는, 빈궁한, 수몰된, 수중의, 액내의, 침수된 submersion: 물속에 가라앉음, 침수, 침몰, 잠수 subordinate: 종속의, 종속하는 사람, 경시하다, 부수하는, 종속시키다, 하위의, 하위에 두다, 아래의, 종속자, 밑에 두다, 종속적인 subterfuge: 속임수, 구실, 도망갈 구실 subterranean: 지하의, 숨은, 비밀의, 지하에 사는 사람, 지하에서 일하는 사람, 지하에 사를 파는 사람 subterraneous: 지하의 지하의 사람, 지하의 subtlety: 예민, 민감, 정묘, 난해, 불가사의, 희박, 교묘, 미묘, 교활, 세밀한 구분, 세밀한구별 succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의 successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서, 잇달아서 succor: 구조, 원조하다, 구조자, 원조자 suddenness: 갑작스러움, 별안간, 돌연 suds: 비눗물, 거품 sufferer: 환자, 수난자, 고생하는 사람, 이재자, 이재민, 괴로워하는 사람 suffice: 에 충분하다, 충분하다, 만족시키다, 족하다 suffrage: 투표, 투표권, 선거권, 남을 위한 짧은 기도 suggestive: 암시적인, 연상시키는, 유혹적인, 암시하는, 암시의, 생각나게 하는, 유발시키는 듯한 sulk: 부루퉁함, 시무룩해지다, 지르퉁함, 실쭉하기, 실쭉하다 sulky: 부루퉁한, 찌무룩한, 실쭉한, 한 필의 말이 끄는 일인승 이륜 마차, 음산한 sullen: 음산한, 찌무룩한, 지르퉁한, 찌푸린 얼굴, 육중한, 실쭉한 sullenly: 부루퉁하여, 뿌루퉁한, 뚱하여 sullenness: 부루퉁함, 우울함 sulphurous: 유황을 약간 함유하는, 유황의, 천둥의, 황의 sultan: 술탄, 회교국군주, 스위트술탄, 술탄박새 sultry: 무더운, 숨막히게 더운, 타는 듯이 뜨거운, 난폭한, 찌는 듯한 summon: 소집하다, 불러 일으키다, 요구하다, 호출하다, 에게 항복을

Herman Melville 권고하다, 소환하다, 에 권유하다 summons: 소환, 소집, 호출, 법정에 소환하다, 호출하다, 소환하다, 출두 명령 sundry: 잡다한, 여러가지의 sunflower: 해바라기 sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한 sunken: 물밑의, 움푹 들어간, 가라앉은, 내려앉은, 살이 빠진, 움푹한 sunrise: 해돋이, 해뜰녘, 초기 sunset: 말기, 해질녘, 일몰, 저녁놀, 종말, 일물 sunwards: 태양쪽으로 superannuated: 시대에 뒤진, 퇴직한, 노쇠한, 노쇠하여 퇴직한, 병약하여 퇴직한 supercargo: 화물관리인, 화물 관리인 superciliously: 거만하게, 남을 깔보아 superfluous: 여분의 supernal: 천상의, 신의, 높은, 이 세상것이 아닌 supernatural: 초자연의, 불가사의한, 초자연적인 힘, 신의 조화 superstition: 미신, 사교 superstitious: 미신에 사로잡힌, 미신저긴, 미신의 superstructure: 상부 구조, 건축물 supine: 게으른, 번듯이 누운, 나태한, 동사상 명사, 부정사, 위로 향한 suppliantly: 탄원하여 supposition: 상상, 가정 surmise: 추량, 추측하다, 추측, 추량하다 surname: 별명, 성, 수리남 surpass: 보다낫다, 보다 낫다 surtout: 외투 surveying: 측량, 측량술 survivor: 생존자, 살아 남은 사람, 살아남은 사람 susceptibility: 감정, 감수성, 느끼기 쉬운 상태, 자화율, 느끼기 쉬운 성질 sustaining: 버티는, 자주프로의, 떠받치는, 몸에 좋은, 몸에 기운을 내게 하는 sustenance: 생계, 생명을 유지하는 것, 음식물, 영양물, 음식, 지지 sward: 잔디로 덮다, 잔풀로 뒤덮다, 잔디로 뒤덮다, 잔디밭 swart: 햇볕에 타게 하는, 유독한, 가무잡잡한, 찰싹 때려 잡다, 찰싹 때림 sway: 흔들다, 동요, 지배하다, 좌우하다, 지배, 의 결의를 움직이다, 흔들리다, 좌우 하는 힘, 자유로이 하는 힘, 의 의견을 움직이다 sweeper: 청소부, 청소기, 청소인, 쓰는 사람, 스위퍼

swirl: 소용돌이치다, 소용돌이, 소용돌이치게 하다, 소용돌이꼴로 되다, 휘감기다, 빙빙돌다, 소용돌이에 휩쓸어 나르다, 눈보라, 아찔아찔하다, 물고기가 물속에서 튀는 것 swollen: 부푼, 물이 불은, 과장된 swoop: 잡아채다, 위로부터의 습격, 위에서 와락 덮치다, 급습하다, 움켜잡다, 급습, 내리 덮치다 sworn: 맹세한, 선서한 syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언, 음절로 나누다 symbolical: 상징주의적인, 부호의, 상징적인, 기호적인 symmetric: 대칭적인, 균형잡힌 symmetrical: 대칭적인, 대칭의, 대칭성의, 균형이 잡힌, 상칭의, 상칭적인, 조화된, 균형잡힌 syrian: 시리아의, 시리아, 시리아 인의, 시리아 인 tableau: 그림, 극적 장면, 활인화 tacit: 암묵의, 무언의, 침묵의, 양해 등의, 말로 나타내지 않은, 묵시의 tacitly: 잠자코, 암암리에, 넌지시, 소리없이 tact: 재치, 촉감, 요령, 솜씨, 재주, 박자 tahiti: 타히티 섬 talkative: 말 많은, 이야기하기 좋아하는 talus: 거골, 복사뼈, 물매진면, 경사면, 경사 암석퇴, 경사, 애추, 사면, 물매 tame: 부드럽게 하다, 복종시키다, 길들다, 순한, 무기력하게 하다, 따분한, 무기력한, 재미없는, 누르다, 길들인, 길든 tameness: 길들여짐, 유순, 온순함, 길들여져 있음, 온순, 무기력 tangled: 얽힌, 혼란을 일으킨, 분규의 tar: 타르, 뱃사람, 엄하게 벌하다, 선원, 가출옥 때의 남은 형기, 타르를 바르다 tarpaulin: 방수포, 방수 외부, 타르칠한 돛베, 타르칠한 방수천 tarry: 늦어지다, 기다리다, 타르의, 망설이다, 타르로 더럽혀진, 타르를 칠한, 머무르다, 체재, 체재하다 tartarus: 지옥, 타르타로스 tasteful: 풍아한, 품위있는, 풍류있는, 취미가 고상한, 멋을 아는, 풍류를 아는 tatterdemalion: 누더기를 걸친 사람, 누더기 옷을 입은 사람 tattered: 해진 옷, 누덕누덕한, 망그러진, 산산조각이 난, 해진 tawny: 황갈색, 황갈색의 tearing: 찢는, 괴로운, 냅다, 미친듯이, 사납게 날뛰는, 잡아뜯는, 맹렬이,

41 쥐어 뜯는, 쥐어뜯는 듯한, 맹렬한, 맹렬히 telescope: 짧아지다, 망원경, 박다, 짧게하다, 끼워 넣다, 끼워넣는 식의, 망원경자리, 짧게 하다, 끼워지다 temperate: 삼가는, 온난한, 절제하는, 온건한, 절주의, 중용을 지키는 tempest: 대소동, 사나운비바람, 폭풍우, 대폭풍우, 대폭설, 몹시 사나워지게 하다 tempting: 유혹하는, 황홀하게 하는, 부추기는, 마음이 당기는 tenantless: 빌어쓰는 사람이 없는, 빌어 쓸 사람이 없는, 빈땅의, 거주자가 없는 tenderness: 유연함, 마음이 무름, 민감, 애정, 유연, 친절, 다정 tenor: 테너, 취지, 진로, 대의, 방침, 사본, 테너의 terminate: 끝나다, 한정하다, 다하다, 끝내다, 의 한계를 이루다, 유한한, 에서 끝나다 terraced: 테라스로된, 테라스가 있는, 층층단으로 된, 계단식의 terrific: 무서운, 굉장한, 대단한, 이상한, 훌륭한, 무시무시하다, 무섭다, 소름이 끼치다 testiness: 퉁명스러움, 성미가 급함 thankful: 감사하고 있는, 감사의, 감사하는 thanksgiving: 사은, 감사, 추수감사절, 추수 감사절, 하느님에 대한 감사 theatrical: 극장의, 연극의, 연극 같은, 연극, 연극조의, 연극적 행동 thee: 너를, 너에게 thence: 그때부터, 그러므로, 거기서부터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터 thenceforth: 그때 이래, 그러므로, 그래서, 그곳에서부터, 그때부터, 거기서 부터, 그때이래 thereabout: 그 근처에, 대략, 그 무렵에, 그 당시, 쯤, 그쯤, 그부근에, 그분근처에, 그분근에 thereabouts: 대략, 그 근처에서, 그 무렵에, 그 당시, 그분근에, 그분근처에 therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그 가운데에 thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에 관해서, 그것으로부터 thereon: 그 위에, 그 즉시, 그 후 즉시 thereto: 그밖에 다시, 거기에, 거기에 더하여, 또, 게다가 또, 그것에 thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로, 그리하여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후 즉시 thermometer: 온도계, 체온계, 한란계

42 theurgy: 신이 이룩한 일, 기적, 마술, 마법 thickly: 불명료하게, 빽빽하게, 탁한 목소리로, 두껍게, 굵게, 무성하게, 잔뜩, 짙게 thickness: 두께, 농후, 두꺼움, 농도, 굵음, 두꺼운 부분, 빈번, 치밀, 혼탁, 머리가 둔함, 굵기 thief: 도둑 thinker: 사상가, 생각하는 사람, 사색가 thinly: 가늘게, 얇게, 드문드문, 성기게, 가냘프게, 엷게, 희박하게, 묽게 thinness: 희박, 가느다람, 엷음, 빈약 thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름, 한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다 thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 저쪽으로 thorn: 가시, 가시 잇는 식물, 고통거리, 산사나무, 가시털, 고대 영어의 피자, 고통을 주는 것 thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고 throng: 군중, 쇄도하다, 혼잡, 모여들다, 중압, 에 모여들다, 많은 것의 집합, 떼를 지어 모이다, 가득 메우다 thrusting: 자기 주장이 강한, 공격적인 thunderer: 벼락 같은 소리를 지르는 사람, 뇌신, 호통치는 사람, 고함치는 사람, 일대경세지 thunderstruck: 깜짝 놀란, 벼락 맞은, 벼락맞은 tickle: 간질이다, 가볍게 대다, 즐겁게 하다, 재미나게하다, 손으로 잡다, 간질이기, 간질거리다, 간지러움, 간지럽다, 간질간질하다, 간지럼 tidings: 소식, 통지, 사건, 기별 tier: 열, 층층으로 포개어 다, 일련의 군, 그 한 단, 매는 것, 매는 사람, 앞치마, 일련의 주, 층, 층층으로 쌓다 tiger: 범, 호랑이, 강적, 포악한 사람, 최저의 수, 호랑이 잔인한 남자, 호랑이 같은 남자, 호랑이 사나운 남자, 만세 삼창 후에 붙이는 tiller: 키의 손잡이, 경작자, 경운기, 새싹, 어린나무, 키 손잡이, 농부 timely: 시기적절한, 때에 알맞은, 적시의, 때맞춘 적시안타, 적시에, 일찍이 timid: 겁많은, 수줍어하는, 머뭇거리는 timidity: 겁많음, 소심 timorous: 겁많은 tindery: 격하기 쉬운, 부싯깃 같은, 타기 쉬운, 부싯깃같은

The Piazza Tales tinge: 티, 물들이다, 가미하다, 기미, 엷은 색, 조금바꾸다, 엷게 착색하다, 기, 에 기미를 띠게 하다, 엷은 색조 tint: 에 색을 칠하다, 엷게 물들이다, 기, 엷은빛깔, 선음영, 색채, 색조, 백색바림, 색의 농담, 엷은 빛깔, 색채의 배합 tiptoe: 발끝, 살그머니, 발끝으로, 열심히, 발끝으로 걷다, 살그머니 하는, 주의 깊은, 크게 기대하고 있는, 발끝으로 서 있는, 발끝으로 선, 발끝으로 걷는 titan: 타이탄, 거인, 타이탄의, 태양신, 미국의 대륙간 탄도탄의 일종, 힘센, 거대한, 위인, 태양의 신 헬리어스, 토성의 제 육위성 titania: 요정의 여왕 titanic: 거대한, 타이탄 신의, 타이탄신의, 티탄의, 힘이 센, 강력 무쌍한, 타이타닉호, 타이탄 신 같은 tocsin: 경보, 경종 toed: 발가락이 있는, 비스듬이 박아 놓은 toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다, 올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다, 짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을 애써 이룩하다 toiler: 고생하는 사람, 임금노동자, 임금 노동자 toilette: 화장, 의상, 몸단장, 일습, 옷, 화장실, 화장 도구, 세척, 옷매무새 toils: 짐승을 잡는 그물 toilsome: 고된, 힘드는 token: 기념품, 표, 이름만의, 대용화폐, 명목상의, 암호, 유물, 점점, 증거, 전조, 신호 tolerable: 참을수 있는, 상당한, 참을 수 있는, 웬만한, 꽤 건강한 toll: 운임, 사상자, 장거리전화료, 사용료, 통행료, 통행세, 항만세, 교량 통행료, 치다, 종을 울림, 종을 울려 부르다 tomb: 무덤, 매장하다, 묘비, 죽음 tongs: 집게, 부젓가락, 화젓가락 tooth: 이, 맛, 이 모양의 물건, 좋아하는 것, 물다, 맞물다, 깔죽깔죽하게 하다, 에 톱니를 붙이다, 배의 대포, 식성, 이 같이 생긴 것 topmost: 최고의, 절정의, 최상의 topsail: 윗돛대의 돛, 중간 돛 torment: 고통, 괴롭히다, 못살게 굴다, 나무라다, 그원인, 고민, 괴롭힘, 곤란하게 하다, 고문대 torpor: 활동정지, 마비, 지둔, 무기력 torrent: 연발, 분류, 억수같이 쏟아짐, 억수, 급류 torrid: 열렬한, 염열의, 탄 tortoise: 거북, 느림보, 귀갑 모양의

큰 방패, 귀갑대, 남생이 tortuous: 꼬불꼬불한, 속검은, 비틀린, 마음이 빙퉁그러진, 비비꼬인, 비뚤어진 torture: 고문, 곡해하다, 고통, 을 고문하다, 몹시 괴롭히다, 억지로 갖다 붙이다, 억지로 비틀다, 억지로 꼬부리다, 고문하다, 괴롭히다, 심한 고통 tow: 삼 부스러기, 끌려가는 배, 밧줄로 끌다, 돌보아주다, 거느리다, 끄는 밧줄, 배를 끌기, 끌다, 끌고 가다, 끌리는 배, 밧줄로 끎 tracing: 추적, 투사, 자동 기록 장치의 기록, 복사, 자취를 밟음, 자기 기록계의 기록, 트레이싱, 자취를 찾음 tractable: 세공하기 쉬운, 유순한, 다루기 쉬운, 취급하기 쉬운 trader: 상인, 상선, 무역선, 거래원 trailing: 길게 나부끼는, 질질끌리는, 기는 trait: 특색, 특징, 얼굴 모습, 특성, 일필 trance: 꿈결, 비몽 사몽, 황홀상태, 실신, 황홀, 황홀하게 만들다 tranquil: 조용한, 평온한, 차분한 tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정 tranquilly: 평온하게, 조용하게, 차분하게 transatlantic: 대서양 횡단의, 아메리카의, 대서양 건너의, 미국인, 대서양 저편의 transient: 덧없는, 일시적인, 단기 체류의, 단기 체류객, 과도 현상, 일시적인 사람, 일시적인 사물, 잠깐 머무르는, 외부에 작용하는 transmute: 변화 시키다, 변화시키다, 변하게 하다 transom: 가로대, 상인방, 고물보, 중간틀 transportation: 수송, 유형, 수송료, 수송 기관, 운송료, 수송 허가서, 추방, 여행 허가서 transverse: 가로의, 횡근, 가로축, 횡단하는, 교차하는, 횡단물, 횡축, 횡단 도로 traveled: 견문이 넓은, 여행에 익숙한, 여행자가 많은, 여행자가 이용하는, 표적한, 널리 여행한 traveler: 여행자, 나그네, 이동 기중기, 순회 판매인, 하게 진행하는 것, 외판원, 여행가, 외무원, 하게 진행하는 말 등, 하게 진행하는 차 등, 하게 진행하는 것 등 traveling: 이동, 여행, 여행용의, 움직이는, 순회하는, 이동하는, 움직일 수 있는, 활주하는, 여행의, 순회 흥행, 순력

Herman Melville treacherous: 배반하는, 믿을 수 없는, 의지가 안되는, 반역하는, 기대에 어긋나는 treacherously: 불충하게, 믿을 수 없게 treachery: 배반, 배신, 반역 trellis: 격자, 격자 시렁, 격자를 달다 trembling: 전율하는, 떨림, 떨리는, 전율, 떨기, 전율 떠는 tremor: 전율, 떨림, 떨리는 목소리, 오싹오싹하는 흥분, 미동, 진전 tremulous: 떨리는, 전율하는, 겁많은, 떨린, 겁 많은 trenched: 배수구가 있는, 참호가 있는, 참호로 방비된 trespasser: 불법 침입자, 침해자, 불법침입자, 위반자, 위법자 tribe: 종족, 부족, 족, 패거리, 대가족, 이스라엘 12 지파의 하나, 다수의 사람, 다수의 동물 tribulation: 고난, 시련, 간난 trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한, 사소한, 게으른 trim: 장식하다, 정돈하다, 손질, 목조부, 균형을 잡다, 균형, 복장, 기분, 깎아 버리다, 정된, 정돈된 trinity: 삼위 일체, 세 부분으로 된 파이프 청소기, 삼위 일체 축일, 삼위 일체의 상징, 삼위일체설, 셋으로 된 짝, 트리오, 삼위일체 tripod: 삼각, 삼각 걸상, 삼각의, 삼각 의자, 삼각기, 삼각대, 그 모조품 tristful: 슬픈, 우울한 tropic: 회귀선, 열대, 속성의, 열대지방, 특정한 선의 활동을 자극하는 troublesome: 귀찮은, 골치 아픈, 다루기 힘든, 성가신, 까다로운, 말썽부리는 truce: 휴전, 중지, 휴전 협정에 의해 중지하다, 휴지, 휴전 협정, 휴전하다, 휴전에 의해 중지하다 trumpet: 트럼펫, 나팔, 나팔 같은 소리를 내다, 나팔 모양의 물건, 나팔 불다, 나팔형 확성기, 나팔로 알리다, 퍼뜨려 알리다, 소라고둥, 나팔을 휴대한 전령, 퍼뜨리다 trunk: 트렁크, 줄기, 주요한, 간선, 중계선, 몸통, 코, 주요부, 본체, 트렁크스, 전화 중계회선 trunks: 트렁크스 trustful: 신용하는, 믿음직하게 여기는, 굳게믿는 trusting: 믿는, 사람을 의심하지 않는, 믿고있는, 남을 의심하지 않는 tumbling: 텀블링 tumult: 흥분, 혼란, 소동, 떠들썩함, 소란, 소요, 격동 tumultuous: 떠들썩한, 혼란한,

흥분한, 동요한 turban: 터번, 터번형의 부인 모자, 터번식 모자 turbulence: 휘몰아침, 교류, 난류, 거칡, 난기류, 동란, 몹시 거침, 불온, 소란 turbulent: 광포한, 거친, 소란 스러운, 소란스러운, 휘몰아치는 turf: 잔디, 잔디로 덮다, 토탄, 떼, 경마, 한 장의 뗏장, 땟장, 내쫓다, 토탄을 캐다, 경마장 turfy: 잔디덮인, 잔디가 많은, 토탄질의, 경마장의 turnkey: 교도관, 완성 인도 방식의, 열쇠를 지니고 있는 사람 turret: 작은 탑, 포탑, 조종석, 망루, 터릿, 선회 포탑, 바퀴 달린 사닥다리 turtle: 호도애, 바다거북, 거북의 고기, 바다거북을 잡다, 터틀 tush: 체, 상류의, 송곳니, 체하다, 치, 치하다, 피부가 황갈색의 흑인, 호전적인 twang: 콧소리, 팅, 현의 소리, 윙하고 울다, 윙하고 울리다, 콧소리로 말하다, 윙 twilight: 황혼, 여명, 희미한 빛, 땅거미, 어둑새벽, 어스레하게 밝은, 여명기, 미광, 어슴푸레한 짐작, 어스름, 희미하게 비추다 twinge: 쑤시는 듯한 아픔, 쑤시듯이 아프다, 쑤시고 아프게 하다, 쑤시고 아프다, 고통 twitch: 씰룩씰룩 움직이다, 홱 잡아 당기다, 꼬집다, 경련, 씰룩거리다, 코 비트는 기구, 홱 잡아당김 two-edged: 쌍날의, 두 가지로 이해되는 tying: 매는, 매기 tyrannic: 압제적인, 포악한, 무도한 tyrannical: 활자의, 전제 군주적인 tyranny: 포학한 행위, 전제 정치, 포학, 폭정, 참주정치, 학대, 참주 정치, 무도한 행위 ulterior: 저쪽의, 금후의, 장래의, 뒤의, 마음 속의, 마음 의향 등 unabashed: 태연한, 부끄러워 하지 않는, 뻔뻔스러운, 부끄러운 기색 없는 unaccompanied: 무반주의, 동반자가 없는, 동행이 없는, 반주 없는 unaccountable: 설명할 수 없는, 까닭을 알 수 없는, 책임이 없는 unaccountably: 설명할 수 없게 unaffected: 움직이지 않는, 있는 그대로의, 진실한, 영향을 안 받는, 꾸밈 없는, 점잔빼지 않는, 마음으로부터의, 좌우되지 않은 unalterable: 바꿀 수 없는, 변경할 unambitious: 수수한, 삼가는, 대망이

43 없는, 공명심이 없는 unanswerable: 대답할 수 없는, 논박할 수 없는, 책임이 없는, 반박할 수 없는, 답변할 수 없는 unaspiring: 향상심 없는, 공명심 없는, 현상에 만족하고 있는 unattended: 치료를 받지 않은, 방치된, 수행원이 없는, 돌봄을 받지 않은, 수반하지 않은, 출석자가 적은, 출석자가 없는, 참가자가 적은, 참가자가 없는 unavoidable: 피할 수 없는, 무효로할 수 없는, 피하기 어려운, 모면하기 어려운 unavoidably: 어쩔 수 없이, 피할 수 없이 unawares: 뜻밖에, 알지 못하고, 불시에, 모르는 사이에, 모르고, 무심히, 부지중에 unbeknown: 미지의, 알려지지 않은 unblessed: 축복받지 못한, 저주받은, 은혜를 입지 못한, 불행한, 정화되지 않은, 저주 받은, 비참한 unblest: 축복받지 못한, 정화되지 않은, 저주받은, 비참한 unbound: 족쇄가 벗겨진, 매여 있지 않은 unbounded: 무한의, 한정되지 않은, 억제할 수 없는 unbroken: 파손되지 않은, 길들여 지지 않은, 중단되지 않은, 완전한, 미개간의, 꺽이지 않은, 꺾이지 않은, 중단되지 않는, 손상되지 않은, 깨어지지 않은, 경작되지 않은 unburied: 아직 매장되지 않은, 무덤에서 발굴된 unchallenged: 도전을 받지 않은, 문제가 되지 않은, 도전 받지 않은, 문제 삼아지지 않은 unchanging: 불변의, 변하지 않는, 항상 일정한 uncharitable: 무자비한, 가차없는, 엄한 uncivil: 미개한, 야만적인, 예절 없는, 예의에 벗어난 uncivilized: 야만의, 미개한, 문명으로부터 격리된, 미개의, 황량한 uncommon: 드문, 비범한, 이상한, 흔하지 않은, 보통 아닌 uncommonly: 드물게, 매우, 진귀하게, 흔하지 않게 unconcern: 무관심, 태연, 냉담, 무관심의 unconditional: 무조건의, 절대적인 unconditionally: 절대적으로, 무조건으로 uncongenial: 맞지 않은, 성미에 안 맞는, 부적당한, 싫은

44 unconsciously: 모르게, 무의식적으로, 부지중에 uncovered: 보험에 들지 않은, 모자를 쓰지 않은, 담보가 없는, 덮개가 없는, 노출된, 모자를 쓰지않는, 차페물이 없는, 덮게를 씌우지 않는, 차폐물이 없는 uncreated: 아직 창조되지 않은, 존재하지 않은, 다른것에 의해 창조된 것이 아닌, 영원한, 자존의, 자존하는, 다른 것에 의해 창조된 것이 아닌 uncut: 자르지 않은, 도련되지 않은, 삭제된 데가 없는, 잡물이 않 섞인, 커트하지 않은, 도련하지 않은, 깎지 않은, 갈지 않은, 삭제하지 않은 undefined: 확정되지 않은, 정의가 내려지지 않은 undemonstrative: 내성적인, 내색하지 않는, 조심성 있는, 나타내지 않는 undeniable: 부정할 수 없는, 다툴 여지가 없는, 우수한, 흠잡을 데 없는, 부정하기 어려운, 부인하기 어려운 undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다, 경험하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다 undergrowth: 덤불, 발육부진전, 관목, 발육 불충분, 잔털 underling: 아랫사람, 졸개, 졸때기, 부하 undesired: 부탁하지 않은, 바라지않은 undiminished: 쇠퇴되지 않은, 줄지 않은 undiscovered: 미지의, 발견되지 않은 undisturbed: 평온한, 방해되지 않는, 방해받지 않은 undo: 풀다 끄르다, 원 상태로 돌리다, 실행 취소, 끄르다, 원상태로 돌리다, 타락시키다, 영락시키다, 여자의 정조를 빼앗다, 풀리다, 동요시키다, 혼란시키다 undressed: 옷을 벗은, 잠옷 바람의, 발가벗은, 붕대 감지 않은, 소스를 치지 않은, 요리하지 않은, 손질하지 않은, 무두질하지 않은, 약장의 undulated: 파상의 unearthly: 섬뜩한, 상식밖의, 이 세상 것 같지 않은, 비현실적인, 기분나쁜, 굉장한, 이세상의 것 같지 않은, 초자연적인, 터무니 없는, 무시무시한, 소름 끼치는 uneasily: 걱정하여, 불쾌하게, 불안 속에, 불안속에 uneasiness: 불안, 거북함, 걱정, 불쾌, 불유쾌 unending: 끝없는, 영원한, 끊임없는, 끝이 없는, 무한한 unenlightened: 계몽되지 않은,

The Piazza Tales 완미한, 진상을 모르는, 무지한, 미개의, 미개한, 사리를 모르는, 편견에 찬 unequal: 같지 않은, 불평등한, 감당 못하는, 부동한, 비등하지 않은 unexampled: 비할데 없는, 전례 없는, 전례가 없는, 유례가 없는 unfavorable: 형편이 나쁜, 불리한, 호의적이 아닌, 바람직하지 못한 unfinished: 미완성의, 완전히 마무리 되지 않은, 미완성인, 비육 불충분한, 마무리가 덜 된, 다듬지 않은 unflagging: 지칠줄 모르는, 쇠하지 않은, 늘어지지 않는 unfold: 펴다, 열다, 열리다, 펼쳐지다, 나타내다, 울에서 내놓다, 펴기 unforeseen: 뜻밖의, 예기치 못한, 뜻하지 않은, 생각지 않은, 예측하기 어려운 일 unfriendly: 우정이 없는, 불친절한, 형편이 좋지 않은, 해로운, 비우호적으로, 적 ungainly: 보기 흉한, 몰골스러운, 꼴사나운 ungenerous: 도량이 좁은, 관대치 못한 ungraceful: 우아하지 않은, 아취가 없는, 미련스러운, 꼴사나운, 버릇없는, 볼품 없는, 예의 없는, 천한 ungrateful: 은혜를 모르는, 애쓴 보람 없는, 일한 보람 없는 ungratefully: 불유쾌하게 unhallowed: 성별되지 않은, 신성치 않은, 죄 많은 unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게, 불행하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도 unharmed: 무사한, 상하지 않은 unhealthy: 건강치 못한, 불건전한, 위험한, 건강하지 못한, 건강에 해로운 unheard: 들리지 않는, 들은 바가 없는, 아직 알지 못한, 아직 듣지 못한 unheralded: 의외의, 전달되지 않은, 예상 밖의 unimpaired: 손상되지 않은, 약화되지 않은 uninfluenced: 감화되지 않은, 공평한, 영향을 받지 않은, 편견 없는 uninhabitable: 사람이 거주할 수 없는, 사람이 살 수 없는 uninhabited: 무인의, 사람이 살지 않은, 사람이 살지 않는 unintentional: 고의가 아닌, 무심코 한, 무의식중의, 무의식 중의 unjust: 부정한, 불공평한 unkept: 방치된, 등한시 된, 유지되어않는

unlawfully: 불법으로, 부정하게 unleashed: 쉽게 풀어 쓴, 알기 쉬운, 자유롭게 사용가능한 unmanageable: 다루기 힘든, 제어하기 어려운 unmanned: 무인의, 승무원이 없는, 승무원이 타지 않은, 거세된, 사람이 없는, 주민이 없는 unmindful: 마음에 두지않는, 무관심한, 부주의한, 염두에 없는, 염두에 두지 않는 unmitigated: 완화되지 않은, 순전한, 완전한, 누그러지지 않는 unmolested: 평온한, 곤란받지않는 unmoving: 부동의, 마음을 움직이지 못하는, 움직이지 않는, 정지한 unnamed: 무명의, 지명되지않은, 이름이 없는 unnumbered: 무수한, 세지않은, 헤아릴수없는, 일일이 세지 않은 unoccupied: 사람이살고있지않은, 일이 없는, 임자가없는, 한가한, 볼일이 없는, 소유자가 없는, 점령되지 않은 unofficially: 무허가로, 비공식적으로 unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치 채이지 않은 unpleasantness: 오해, 불화, 살풍경, 불유쾌, 불쾌감, 불쾌한 일, 불쾌함, 비위에 거슬림, 사건다툼, 파흥, 몰취미 unpleasing: 싫은, 만족을 주지 않는, 불유쾌한, 재미없는 unpoetic: 산문적인, 시적이 아닌, 범속한 unprincipled: 교리를 배우지 않은, 무절조힌, 줏대 없는 unproductive: 불모의, 비생산적인, 헛된, 수확이 없는 unprovided: 지급되지 않은, 결핍한, 부족한, 불시의, 준비가 되어 있지 않은, 공급되지 않은 unquailing: 불굴의, 두려워하지 않는, 기가 꺾이지 않는 unreal: 공상의, 실재 하지 않은, 실재하지 않는 unreality: 비현실, 실재하지 않는 것, 비현실성, 허구, 비실제적 성격 unreliable: 신뢰할 수 없는, 의지할 수 없는 unrelieved: 단조로운, 누그러지지 않은, 변화없는, 구제되지 않는, 구제받지 못한, 평면적인, 요철없는, 변화 없는, 명암 없는, 요철 없는 unreserve: 솔직, 스스럼없음, 거리낌 없음, 기탄없음 unreservedly: 기탄없이, 솔직히, 제한없이, 거리낌없이, 기탄 없이 unruly: 무법한, 제어하기어려운,

Herman Melville 휘어 잡을 수 없는 unscientific: 비과학적인 unseaworthy: 내항력이 없는, 항해에 견디지 못하는, 항해에 적합하지 않은 unseemly: 꼴사나운, 꼴사납게, 보기흉한, 부적당한, 보기 흉한, 보기 흉하게, 부적당하게 unshorn: 가위로 다듬지 않은, 감소되지 않은, 거둬들이지 않은 unsightly: 보기 거북한, 꼴사나운, 보기 흉한 unsolicited: 탄원을받지않은, 괜한, 의뢰받지도않은, 쓸데없는, 청원받지 않은, 탄원받지 않은 unsophisticated: 순진한, 단순한, 섞지 않은, 순수한, 진짜의, 섞인 것 없는, 순박한 unspeakably: 말할 수 없이 unstable: 불안정한, 변하기쉬운, 분해하기쉬운, 마음이 변하기 쉬운, 분해하기 쉬운 unsteadiness: 미덥지 못함, 불안정함 unstring: 실에서 뽑다, 약하게 하다, 의 줄을 벗기다, 긴장을 풀다, 현을 늦추다, 현을 풀다 unstrung: 느즈러진, 배우지 않은, 약해진, 줄이 느슨해진 unsuitable: 부적당한, 어울리지 않은 unsupported: 받쳐지지 않은, 지지되지 않은 unsure: 불안정한, 불확실한, 자신이 없는, 확신이 없는, 믿을 수 없는, 신용할 수 없는 untended: 거들떠보지도 않는, 내버려둔, 돌보는 사람이 없는, 돌봄을 받지 않는 untimely: 때 아닌, 철 아닌, 때아닌 때에, 계제가 나쁘게, 계제가 나쁜, 때에 맞지 않게, 시기 상조의, 계제 나쁜 unto: 까지, 에, 에게로 untold: 셀 수 없는, 이야기되지 않은, 밝혀지지 않은, 언급되지 않은, 헤아릴 수 없는 untoward: 부적당한, 운이 나쁜, 완고한, 형편이 나쁜 unused: 익숙하지 않은, 쓰지 않는, 사용한 적이 없는, 사용하지 않은 unutterable: 발음할 수 없는, 말도 안되는, 이루 말할 수 없는, 말로 표현할 수 없는, 철저한 unvarnished: 꾸밈없는, 니스칠을 안한, 있는 그대로의, 니스 칠하지 않은, 꾸미지 않은 unvexed: 냉정한, 침착한, 안달하지 않는, 화내지 않은 unwarrantable: 부당한, 보증할 수 없는, 정당성을 인정하기 어려운

unwarranted: 보증되지 않은, 공인되지 않는, 보증이 없는, 정당하다고 인정할 수 없는 unwary: 경솔한, 부주의한, 조심성 없는 unwholesome: 불건전한, 유해한, 건강에 좋지 않는, 건강에 나쁜, 몸에 나쁜, 병적인 unwisely: 어리석게, 천박하게 unwittingly: 모르고, 의식하지 않고 unwonted: 보통이 아닌, 드문, 익숙하지 않은, 이상한, 에 익숙하지 않은 unworn: 닳지 않은, 새로운, 한번도 입지 않은, 참신한, 파손되지 않은, 청신한, 입어 낡지 않은, 해어지지 않은 unworthy: 의 가치 없는, 가치없는, 부끄러운, 비열한, 가치 없는, 변변치 못한 사람, 알맞지 않은 upbraiding: 비판, 비난, 비난하는, 나무라는, 비난하는 질책 upland: 고지, 고지에 사는, 고지의, 산지 uplifted: 높여진, 향상된, 사기왕성한, 자랑스러운 uppermost: 최상의, 최초로, 가장 눈에 띄는, 맨먼저 마음에 떠오르는, 최고위에, 최상에, 최고의, 맨 먼저 마음에 떠오르는, 맨 앞에, 맨 위에, 맨 먼저 uproar: 소음, 큰소란, 소동, 소란 upthrust: 융기, 밀어 올림 upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는, 이상, 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로 향한, 위로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로 ursine: 곰의, 곰같은 uselessly: 쓸데없이, 헛되이, 무익하게 usurpation: 강탈, 권리 침해, 횡령, 왕위 친탈, 권리침해, 찬탈, 탈취, 왕위 찬탈 utilitarian: 공리적인, 공리주의의, 공리주의자, 실용적인 utmost: 최대의, 가장먼, 극한, 최대 한도, 최고의 것, 가장 떨어진, 최대한도, 최대한의, 최상의 것 utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인, 완전한, 행사하다, 나타내다, 발음하다, 순전한, 무조건의, 발언하다, 입 밖에 내다 vacancy: 공허, 결원, 공석, 방심, 틈, 빈곳, 공백, 빈 자리, 빈자리, 공간, 빈터 vacantly: 멍하니 vagary: 변덕, 색다른 생각, 취광, 엉뚱한 생각, 엉뚱한 짓 vagrant: 방랑하는, 변하기 쉬운, 부랑자, 방랑성의, 변덕스러운,

45 방랑의, 유랑하는, 방랑자 vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한, 자부심이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는 vainly: 헛되이, 자만하여, 공연히, 자랑하여, 뽐내어, 자만심에 부풀어, 헛되어 vale: 골짜기, 이별, 안녕히, 작별인사 valetudinarian: 병약한, 건강에 신경을 쓰는, 병약자, 건강을 지나치게 염려하는 valiantly: 영웅적으로, 용감하게 valor: 용기 valorous: 씩씩한, 용감한 vanish: 사라지다, 영이되다, 소멸하다, 없어지다, 영이 되다, 소음, 희미해지다, 보이지 않게 하다 vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영, 무익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것, 휴대용 화장품 상자 variance: 변화, 상위, 불화, 변동, 불일치, 다툼, 이간하다, 와 틀려, 평방 편차, 소장과 진술과의 상위 vastly: 광대하게, 광막하게, 방대하게, 크게, 대단히 vastness: 광대한 넓이, 광대, 광대함 vault: 둥근 천장, 둥근 지붕, 지하실, 둥근 천장이 있는 장소, 푸른 하늘, 지하 납골소, 귀중품 보관실, 뛰어 넘다, 뛰다, 도약, 창공 vegetarian: 채식주의자, 채식의, 고기가 들지 않은, 채식주의의, 채색주의의, 야채만의, 채식주의자의, 채식자 vehemence: 격렬함, 맹위, 열렬, 맹렬함, 격정 vehement: 열렬한, 격렬한, 열정적인 venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한, 가경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어 숭엄한, 오래된 venetian: 베니스풍의, 베니스의, 베니스사람, 베니스 사람, 베니스 풍식의, 베네치아 풍의, 베네치아 풍식의, 베네치아 사람, 베니스 풍의 venomous: 악의에 찬, 독액을 분비하는, 독이 있는, 해로운, 해칠 생각이 있는, 원한을 품은, 엉큼한, 역겨운 veracity: 정확, 정직, 진실, 정확성, 진실을 말함 verbatim: 축어적인, 축어적으로 verge: 가장자리, 기울다, 경계, 한계, 끝, 바싹 다가가다, 에 직면하다, 에 향하다, 접하다, 가, 향하다 verification: 확인, 증언, 검증, 증명, 입증 verify: 실증하다, 입증하다, 의 천공 검사를하다, 확인하다, 증명하다, 검증하다

46 verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로 vermilion: 주홍색의, 주, 진사의, 진사, 주홍색, 주홍으로 물들이다, 주홍, 주홍으로 칠하다, 주홍빛의, 주홍의, 주홍빛 vermont: 미국 북동부의 주 versed: 숙달한, 에 환한, 정통한 vexation: 애탐, 괴롭힘, 화냄, 고민거리, 고통, 고민, 귀찮은 사물, 애태움, 속상함, 괴로움의 원인, 번뇌의 원인 vexatious: 성가신, 남을 곯리려고 걸핏하면 소송을 일으키는 vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한, 마음 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는 vexing: 애태우게 하는 viceroy: 부왕, 총독, 태수 vicinity: 근처, 근접, 주변, 근방, 부근 vigilance: 불침번, 경계, 불면증, 철야, 조심, 불면, 각성 상태, 각성 활동, 각성 vigor: 활기, 정력, 활력, 원기, 구속력, 힘 vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한, 부도덕한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은, 변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시 나쁜, 비참한 villain: 악한, 놈, 악인, 이 자식, 녀석, 천민, 이놈, 농노 villainous: 몹시 나쁜, 하등의, 지독한, 천한, 악한같은, 형편없는, 넌더리나는, 극악한, 악인 같은, 악한 같은 vindictive: 복수심이 있는, 앙심 깊은, 복수심 있는, 악의에서의 vintner: 포도주, 포도주 상인 violate: 강간하다, 통과하다, 침입하다, 깨뜨리다, 어기다, 더럽히다, 범하다, 방해하다, 위반하다, 위배하다, 의 신성을 더럽히다 virtuous: 정숙한, 선량한, 도덕적인, 덕이 있는, 덕 있는, 효력이 있는, 고결한 체하는 visage: 얼굴, 얼굴 모습 visibly: 눈에 보이게, 뚜렷하게, 명백히, 역력히 vitality: 활기, 생명력, 지속력, 활력, 원기, 지속력성 vitreous: 유리질의, 유리의, 유리같은, 유리 같은, 유리로 된 vitriolic: 황산의, 신랄한, 황산같은, 황산으로 된, 황산염의 vividly: 생생하게, 발랄하게, 선명하게 vocation: 적성, 천직, 신의 부르심, 직업, 신명, 장사, 재능, 사명, 사명감 vogue: 인기, 유행, 대유행, 유행의 voiceless: 목소리가 없는, 무성음의,

The Piazza Tales 무성의, 벙어리의 volcanic: 폭발성의, 화산의, 격렬한, 화산이 있는, 화산암 volcano: 화산, 금방 폭발할 것 같은 감정, 금방 폭발할 것 같은 사태 volition: 의지, 결의, 의욕, 의지력, 선택, 의지의 작용, 의지 작용 volley: 발리를 하다, 일제히 발사되다, 연발, 일제 사격, 발리로 되치다, 빗발치듯하는 탄환, 연발하다, 일제 사격하다, 발리, 발리로 쳐 넘기다, 발리로 쳐차 넘기다 voluminous: 부피가 큰, 다작의, 권수가 많은, 풍부한, 큰 부수의, 큰 책의, 저서가 많은, 책수가 많은, 성량이 풍부한, 넉넉한, 음량이 풍부한 votive: 기원의, 바친, 봉납하는, 봉헌하는 voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를 건너가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기 voyager: 항해자, 여행자, 모험적 항해자, 보이저 vulgar: 상스러운, 일반의, 통속적인, 일반 대중의, 서민의, 야비한한, 일반 민중이 사용하는, 평민의, 저속한, 평민, 일반대중의 wafer: 제병, 웨이퍼, 오블라토, 봉함지, 얄팍한 것, 풀로 봉하다 waft: 부동, 한바탕 불기, 풍김, 떠돌게 하다, 부동시키다, 씨실, 신호 기, 흔들림, 피륙, 풍기는 향기, 한 번 일기 wagon: 짐차, 무개화차, 짐마차, 짐마차로 수송하다, 짐마차로 여행하다, 북두칠성, 배달용 트럭, 물건 파는 수레, 무개 화차, 광차, 짐마차로 운반하다 wail: 울부짖다, 비탄하다, 울부짖는 소리, 처량하게 울리는 소리, 구슬픈 소리를 내다, 비탄, 한탄하다, 울부짖듯 윙윙대는 소리 waive: 포기하다, 그만두다, 연기하다, 보류하다, 철회하다 wakeful: 방심하지 않는, 자지 않는, 잠 못이루는, 잘 깨는, 깨어 있는, 불침번의 wakefulness: 잠이 오지 않음 waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상 walking-stick: 단장 wand: 지휘봉, 지팡이, 과녁판, 관장, 직표, 표적판 wander: 헤매다, 옆길로 벗어나다, 헛소리하다, 오락가락하다, 두서없이 되다, 길을 잘못 들다, 걸어 돌아다니다, 꾸불꾸불 흐르다, 꾸불꾸불 이어지다, 종잡을 수 없게 되다, 거닐다 wanderer: 돌아다니는 사람, 방랑자,

헤매는 사람 wandering: 만유, 헛소리, 헤매는, 어슬렁어슬렁 걷기, 옆길로새는, 두서없는, 방랑, 산책, 꾸불꾸불한, 돌아다니는, 방랑하여 warbler: 지저귀듯이 노래하는 사람, 지저귀는 새, 명금, 지저귀듯이 노래하는 가수 warlike: 전쟁의, 호전적인, 전투적인, 상무의, 도전적인, 군사의, 용맹한 warp: 날실, 왜곡하다, 비뚤어짐, 뒤틀리다, 구부리다, 뒤틀림, 뒤둥그러짐, 밧줄로 끌다, 밧줄, 뒤틀리게 하다, 뒤둥그러찌다 washstand: 세면대, 세차자 watchfulness: 신중, 경계, 신중성 watchman: 야경, 야경꾼, 야경꾼의, 야경의 watery: 물의, 엷은, 약한, 수중의, 비올듯한, 묽은, 물이많은, 맥빠진, 눈물어린, 비가 올 듯한, 싱거운 wavering: 떨리는, 흔들리는 wayfarer: 나그네, 단기 숙박자, 여행자 waylaid: 매복하다, 요격하다 wearily: 지쳐서, 피곤한 듯이, 싫증나서, 질려서, 질려서 물려서 weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로 wearisome: 지치게 하는, 피곤하게 하는, 따분하게 하는, 지루한 weary: 지치다, 지치게 하다, 지치게 하는, 싫어진, 넌더리나는, 동경하다, 싫증나다, 지루하게 하다, 지루해지다, 피로한, 싫증나게 하다 weather-beaten: 비바람에 단련된, 비바람에 시달린 weathering: 풍화, 풍화 작용, 배수를 위한 물매 weather-stained: 비바람으로 변색한 web: 물갈퀴, 거미집, 꾸민 것, 거미줄 모양의 것, 한 두루마리의 인쇄용지, 피륙, 한 베틀분의 천, 얇은 금속판, 웹, 거미줄을 치다, 꾀한 것 weeds: 상복 weedy: 잡초 같은, 잡초가 많은, 갸냘픈, 건달인, 마른, 변변치 못한, 잡초 투성이의, 흘쪽한 weep: 울다, 흘리다, 눈물을 흘리다, 슬퍼하다, 스며 나오게 하다, 물방울이 듣다, 비탄하다, 스며내다, 에 눈물을 흘리다, 물기를 내뿜다, 가지를 축 늘어뜨리다 weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한, 답답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진, 중대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케 하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 큰 세력 있는, 무게있는 well-appointed: 준비가 다 갖추어진,

Herman Melville 장비가 완전한 well-oiled: 취한, 능률적인, 기름진 westward: 서방에, 서쪽의, 서쪽, 서쪽으로 향하는, 서부 제국, 서쪽에, 서쪽으로 whale: 고래, 고래잡이에 종사하다, 굉장히 큰것, 심하게 때리다, 매질하다, 뛰어난 사람, 뛰어난 것, 때리다 whaler: 포경선, 고래잡는 사람 whaling: 고래잡이, 구타, 대단히, 큰 wheeled: 바퀴 달린, 바퀴의 wheeling: 윤전, 노면의 상태, 수레로 나르기, 자전거 타기 whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, 어디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는, 어디로부터 whereabouts: 어디쯤에, 소재, 있는 곳, 행방, 의 장소 wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 어떤 점으로 whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의 whereon: 그 위에, 무엇 위에 whereupon: 그래서, 거기서, 그 때문에, 무엇 위에, 그 위에 wherewithal: 자금, 수단 whim: 변덕, 일시적 기분, 권상기 whimsy: 변덕, 기발한 말, 일시적 기분, 별난 것을 좋아함, 기발한 행동, 색다름 whine: 우는 소리, 낑낑거리는 소리, 낑낑거리다, 애처롭게 울다, 우는소리하다, 낑낑거림, 구슬피 울다, 킹킹대는 소리, 흐느끼는 소리, 우는 소리하다 whips: 다량, 다수의 whiskered: 구레나룻 있는, 구레나룻이 난 whiskers: 구레나룻 whispering: 속삭임, 속삭이는 whistle: 휘파람, 호각, 기적을 울리다, 휘파람을 불다, 경적, 휘파람불다, 헛되이 바라다, 팽 하고 날다, 휘파람으로 부르다, 입, 기적 whit: 조금, 미소, 성령 강림 대축일 whiteness: 흼, 순백함, 결백, 창백함, 창백, 순결, 백색 물질 whitewash: 영패시키다, 백색도료를 칠하다, 실패를 겉꾸림하다, 백색도료, 실패를 겉꾸림하는 일, 풍화, 한잔의 셰리술, 희게 회칠하다, 겉칠하여 속이다, 수성 백색 도료, 영패 whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로, 가는 곳 whiz: 훌륭한 것, 숙련가, 명인, 전문가, 윙윙하다, 수완가, 재줏군,

그 소리 wholesale: 도매로, 통틀어, 대대적인, 대강, 대대적으로, 도매, 완전히, 대강의, 도매의, 대량으로, 도매하다 wholesome: 유익한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한, 건강해 보이는, 위생에 좋은, 안전한, 신중한, 건강듯한, 건강한 whosoever: 누구나, 도대체 누가, 도대체 누구를 wickedness: 사악함, 심술궂음, 사악 widowhood: 과부생활, 과부 신세 wigged: 가발을 쓴 wight: 사람, 인간, 생물, 초자연적 존재 wilderness: 황야, 끝없이 넓음, 사람이 살지 않는 땅, 일부러 손질 않고 내버려둔 곳, 막대한 수량, 광막한 곳, 막대한 수, 미국 비르드지니아 주 북동부의 산림 지대 willfulness: 계획적임, 고의임, 외고집 willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히 willow: 버드나무, 솜틀, 솜틀로 틀다, 크리켓의 배트 wilt: 이울다, 시들다, 청고병, 풀이 죽다, 이울게 하다, 장승병, 약하게 하다 winding: 구부러짐, 굴곡하는, 굴곡, 감아 올림, 감아 들임, 둘러 말하는, 감은 것, 부정한 행동, 우여 곡절, 감음, 감는 법 windlass: 윈치, 자아틀, 권양기, 권양기로 감아 올리다 windowless: 창문 없는 windward: 바람 불어오는 쪽, 바람 불어오는 쪽의, 바람 불어오는 쪽으로 winged: 날개를 다친, 고속의, 날개 있는, 팔을 다친, 빠른, 신속한, 숭고한, 적절한, 날개를 쓰는, 비양하는, 날 수 있는 wink: 눈짓하다, 반짝이다, 기운차게, 깜박이다, 눈깜박임, 보고도 못본체하다, 눈을 깜빡이다, 눈짓, 눈짓으로 신호하다, 깜박임, 윙크하다 wipe: 훔치다, 손수건, 훔치기, 닦다, 닦기, 닦아내다, 한번 닦기, 비비다, 빼다, 닦음, 주먹다짐 wiry: 철사로 만든, 실팍진, 철사 같은, 철사 모양의, 금속성의, 깐깐한 wisely: 현명하게 wishfully: 탐내듯이 witchery: 요술, 마력, 매력, 마법 witching: 마력있는, 매력있는, 매혹적인, 마녀가 횡행하는, 마력이 있는 withal: 게다가, 또한, 으로써, 그위에,

47 을 가지고 있는, 을 나타내어, 을 사용하여, 을 상대로, 을 합쳐서, 의 몸에 지니고, 의 일원으로서 withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운 withering: 시들게 하는, 위축시키는 withstand: 에 저항하다, 에 잘 견디다, 저항하다, 견디어내다, 반항하다 wizard: 굉장한, 마술사, 천재, 천재적인, 귀재, 마법사, 성현, 마법의, 놀라운 재능를 가진 사람, 놀라운 솜씨를 가진 사람, 놀라운 woe: 비애, 재난, 고뇌, 아아, 슬프도다, 고생, 불행 wolf: 이리, 게걸스레 먹다, 잔인한사람, 이리 사냥을 하다, 색마, 늑대, 늑대 사냥을 하다, 유충, 교묘히 여자를 유혹하는 남자, 울프음, 이리자리 wondrous: 놀라운, 놀랄만큼, 이상한, 놀랄 만한, 놀랄 만큼 wont: 습관, 버릇처럼 된, 풍습, 늘...하는, 에 익숙한 wonted: 버릇처럼 된, 예의, 익숙한 woolen: 나사, 모직의 옷, 모직물, 양털의 woolly: 희미한 모직의 옷, 양털의, 뭉게뭉게 피어오른, 양털 같은, 양모의, 알아들을 수 없는, 솜털이 있는, 모직 내의, 거칠고 활기 있는, 모직 의류 wordiness: 말이 많음, 다언, 말 많음 workman: 노동자, 일을 하는 사람, 노동자의 worshipful: 존경할 만한, 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은, 명예 있는 wrap: 싸다, 두르다, 가리다, 몸을 싸는 것, 어깨 두르개, 감싸다, 끝내다, 휩싸이다, 감기다, 감추다, 구속 wrapt: 과거분사 wreak: 가하다, 내다, 터뜨리다, 복수하다 wreck: 난파, 잔해, 난파시키다, 파괴하다, 난파선, 난파하다, 난파선을 구조하다, 파멸, 파괴, 영락한 사람, 난파선을 구조하러 가다 wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한, 비참한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰 wrinkle: 좋은 생각, 주름, 묘안, 주름지다, 주름잡다, 멋진 생각, 새 취향, 주름살지다 wrinkled: 주름진, 주름살지는 wrinkles: 주름살 wrought: 만든, 세공한, 가공한, 꾸민, 두들겨 만든 yawl: 고물 근처에 두 개째의 짧은 돛대가 있는 범선, 배에 실은 잡용정,

48 울부짖다, 고양이의 구슬프게 짖는 소리, 욜형 돛단배, 비통한 목소리로 불평을 말하다, 동물이 비통한 소리를 내다, 멀리서 짖다, 개의 구슬프게 짖는 소리 yea: 그렇다, 실로, 참으로, 그렇지, 긍정, 예, 터무니 없이 높은, 찬성, 터무니 없이 큰, 손을 펼쳐 보이면서 이렇게 높은, 네 yearning: 동경, 열망, 포부, 대망, 사모하는, 그리움, 열망하는, 간절한 생각 yellowish: 누르스름한, 누른빛을 띤 yielding: 순종하는, 구부러지기 쉬운, 하라는대로, 생산적인, 고분고분한, 굽기 쉬운, 굽힐 수 있는, 감화를 받기 쉬운, 하라는 대로 하는, 영향을 받기 쉬운, 모양을 바꿀 수 있는 yon: 저쪽의 물건, 저곳에, 저쪽의 사람 yonder: 저기에, 저쪽, 훨씬 저쪽의, 저곳에, 저곳에의 youthful: 젊은, 젊은이의, 젊음에 넘치는, 발랄한, 초기의, 유년기의, 기운찬, 젊은이에 알맞은, 청년 특유의, 이른 zeal: 열중, 열심, 열의, 열성 zenith: 절정, 천정, 정점, 극도 zigzag: 지그재그의, 갈짓자형의, 제드자 꼴로, 지그재그로 움직이다, 지그재그로 나아가게 하다, 지그재그꼴로 하다, 제드자형의, 제드자 꼴의 것, 사람이 갈짓자로 걷다, 길 제드자 꼴을 이루다, 강이 제드자 꼴로 흐르다

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